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BIRD DEPT.
MuUs. COMP, ZOOL:
Room 503
CHECK-LIST
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
VOLUME IV
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02138
CEE CK-LIsT
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
VOLUME IV
BY
JAMES LEE PETERS
CURATOR OF BIRDS, MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY
AT HARVARD COLLEGE
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CAMBRIDGE
HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS
1940
Reprinted
by
Museum of Comparative Zoology
1964
COPYRIGHT, 1940
BY THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE
Reprinted 1964
INTRODUCTION
IN THE PREPARATION of this volume I have attempted to
adhere to the general plan originally outlined in the intro-
duction to the first volume; no basic changes have been
made in this scheme, but additional explanatory paragraphs
have appeared in the introduction to volumes 2 and 3.
The treatment of the orders dealt with in this volume has
been brought up to 31 December 1938; a very few forms
described early in 1939 are included, but no pretense has
been made of keeping the work up to date after 1938. None
of the included Orders has been completely monographed or
listed since the turn of the last century; the Owls have been
particularly neglected, and for this reason an unusually
large amount of time was consumed in preparing a fresh
arrangement.
With the completion of the Owls in this volume all the
orders of birds included in the first volume of Sharpe’s Hand-
list have been covered in this series, in addition the following
orders dealt with in the second volume of Sharpe have also
been treated: — Psittaciformes, Cuculiformes, Caprimulgi-
formes and Apodiformes (part, suborder Apodi). Excluding
those orders just mentioned, it may be of interest to give
some comparative figures showing the number of genera and
species included in Sharpe’s first volume and the genera and
forms recognized in the first four volumes of the present
series of Check-Lists:
Sharpe Vol. 1, 1899 830 genera, 3626 species
Peters “ 1, 1931 281 genera, 1726 forms
72-1934 198. § ot913. 4%
So lo3sr. ol) 875 “ (Columbiformes only)
“ 4,1940 29 592 “ (Strigiformes only)
Total 569 genera, 5106 forms
vl INTRODUCTION
A decrease of 261 in the number of genera and an increase of
1480 species and subspecies.
There is always a temptation to take daily blessings for
granted, and for this reason the average systematist is not
as appreciative as he might be of indispensable bibliographic
aids. It is therefore a pleasure to acknowledge the valuable
assistance received from the Aves section of the Zodlogical
Record under the successive editorships of Alfred Newton,
1864-1870, R. B. Sharpe, 1871-1908 and W. L. Sclater 1909
to the present day; C. Davies Sherborn’s Index Animalium;
the Nomenclator Animalium of the Preussischen Akademie;
J. T. Zimmer’s Catalogue of the Ayer Ornithological Library
and C. W. Richmond’s Lists of Generic Terms applied to
Birds.
Proofs have been read in this country by Dr. J. P. Chapin,
Dr. Herbert Friedmann, Dr. Ernst Mayr, Mr. J. H. Riley,
Dr. Alexander Wetmore and Mr. J. T. Zimmer; in England
by Maj. C. H. B. Grant, Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Dr. W. L.
Selater and Dr. C. B. Ticehurst. Owing to conditions in
Europe no attempt was made to circulate proofs among
German and Russian ornithologists.
I would extend my thanks to the following gentlemen who
have assisted at various stages in the preparation of this
volume for advice, suggestions, replies to inquiries and for
verifying references: Dr. G. M. Allen, Dr. J. P. Chapin, Dr.
Herbert Friedmann, Mr. James C. Greenway, Jr., the late
Dr. Joseph Grinnell, Count Nils Gyldenstolpe, Dr. C. E.
Hellmayr, Dr. G. C. A. Junge, Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Dr.
Alfred Laubmann, Mr. Arthur Loveridge, Mr. George Mack,
Mr. G. M. Mathews, Dr. Ernst Mayr, Dr. Wilhelm Meise,
Mr. H. G. K. Molineux, Mr. R. T. Moore, Prof. Oscar
Neumann, Dr. O. M. de O. Pinto, Mr. C. H. Rogers,
Mr. R. M. de Schauensee, Dr. Boris Stegmann, Dr. Erwin
Stresemann, Dr. Alexander Wetmore and Mr. J. T.
Zimmer.
I am indebted to the authorities of the British Museum,
INTRODUCTION Vil
United States National Museum, Academy of Natural Sci-
ences, Field Museum of Natural History, Carnegie Museum
and Princeton Museum of Zodlogy for the loan of necessary
material. I am continually grateful to Dr. Thomas Barbour
for his encouragement and coéperation.
Mrs. R. E. Bowen has painstakingly typed the entire man-
uscript and prepared the index. Mrs. Peters has aided me
greatly during many boresome evenings spent on reading
back proof.
J, Ly P.
Cambridge, Massachusetts
31 December 1939
Aue ye tern he Betta, ainniiplocing 2
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CONTENTS
ORDER CucULIFoRMES, Plantain-eaters, Cuckoos .
DUBORDER MUSOPHAGE <<... .. 0): 2. .
Family Musophagidae, Plantain-eaters .. .
Genus Paurscoviluk. . =<.) 2° 2 os5
Gallsrexsiessons
Ruwenzorornis Neumann .. .
Musophaga Jsert .......
Corythaeola Heine ......
Griniferdarocin . . 20 .'. 5 0%
Subgenus Criniferoides Roberts . .
Crinifer Jarocki ... .
Corythaixoides A. Smith
Gymnoschizorhis Schalow . .
SEXORDERUCHED a2io7.) oe eS
Family Cuculidae, Cuckoos ........
Bubtamuly Cuculinse as. . so 1 «2 a's
Genus Clamator Kaup. .......
Pachycoccyx Cabanis .....
Cuenlisiianné-: and. OP:
Cercococcyx Cabanis. . . .. .
Penthoceryx Cabanis and Heine .
Cacomantis Cabanis and Heine . . .
Rhamphomantis Salvadori . . .
Misocalius Cabanis and Heine
Chryssco¢eyx Bore . 20:
Chalcites Lesson .......
Caliechthrus Cabanis and Heine
Surmiculus:Lesson . ..-. . . .
Microdynamis Salvadori . . . .
Eudynamys Vigors and Horsfield
Urodynamis Salvadori . . . . .
Scythrops Latham. ......
Subfamily Phaenicophaeinae ...... .
Genus Coccyzus Vieillot . . . ....
Binyashessom "i 62S BP.
Subgenus Hyetornis Sclater. . . .
Piaya Lesson <. ..
Coccycua Lesson. . . .
Genus Saurothera Vieillot . . .. . .
Ceuthmochares Cabanis and Heine
Rhopodytes Cabanis and Heine .
Taccocua Lesson
Rhinortha Vigors . Fi aids ing
© © 00 COO NI WwW WW Ww
CONTENTS
Zanclostomus Swamson 6. 2... .4 ee
Rhamphocoeccyx Cabanis and Heine... . . .
Phaenicophaetis Stephens’. 2 oe ks ae
Daesylophus Swainson... 222. 5 «eee
Lepidogrammus Reichenbach . ........
Subfamily Crotophaginae, Anis, Guiras .........
Genus Crotophiasa Jan76 ot 0. auido pe ee
Guira Lesson... <<. Aaa ke
Subfamily Neomorphinae, Roadrunners, Ground Cuckoos
Genus Tapnera Thamberg oo: ulecsviedeuenhl > cue eee
Morococeyx Sclater,...2 s. <tenn: 2/0. eee
Dromococeyx Wed.) od cu dtodd: ee
Geococeyx Wagler, 40 noe tinct. > ee
Neomiorphuns Gloger: aj ss% on aenilal: eee
Carpocoeeyx:G: Ba Gray: cuir. se ce
Subfamily Couimse; Cowas: pic. pasouew 2 2. 5 6 8 Se
GenustCous:Schii2a Wawel 2 oe
Subfamily Centropodinae, Coucals. ........2...
Genus Centropus Ihger .. 2.3 fica i) yids tee
Orper Stricivormes, Owls |... . . s «+ auaiisess > Se
Family Protostripidae (fossil). . 2 3)% com --oo yet
Tytonidae; Barn’ Owls, 01." \ancenae Ayeths) @ coe
Sublamily Tytonmae . 2... cscs edelecyet yo se
Genus Tyte Bilberg:.. coc? yepuamnnceal 1a, 6 een
Subfamily Phodilinges 4.0), oo 8) & ecyecncdivl | ee
Genus Phodilus Geoffroy Saint Hilaire... .....
Family Strigidae, Typical Owls.s<, 39 cn ornNanm Eh = eee
Subfamuly Buboninaeg 62... «0 aha! tml ageenls cy eee
Genus Otus Pentiant .-2.0% nnemcnee $2 ee
Pyrrogiaux Yamashina,.« <4 t.5)- - ee
Mimizukn Hachisuka.% 90. d4405 6. +
Jubule Bates . .. secue tastes nie 0 eee
Lophostrix Less67t nh i pna, pau beeen eae «0
BUDO Dat ous acide S anh oe poeregeee Aeon
Pseudoptynx Kaun. 1.% son sna ics eee
Kefupa Lesson... svete ui syle ee
Seotopelia Bonaparte win oh ovcc hin vio 2) ae
Pulsatrix Kau . .i¥soS lope Sele
Subgenus Pulsatrix Kaupi. 00% oan = ee
Novipulsatrix.L..Kelso.....4.9. = Sue
Genus Nyetes Stephens. oe xp ucv@ os 2 + = oe
Surnia, Dumeril 2% 0 0sevnety s+ 2) 2 ee
Glauciditim Bete: o.i 6c) na, nda loseen thane
Micrathene, Canesy ns 6 cy stacy tet ent = ee
Uroglatig MGgr ojia0 dak) ioty eeeneee me eee
Ninox Hodgson... joriend oreeiaaeils eee
Gymnoglaux Cabants. 0% sts, = eee
CONTENTS xl
wecloriaux ciaup lies ose atone’. zis. 146
INGMETICLBOLE Von ais cic t Sue co SBE 147
SpcotysorGragennc 2006. VAs haat keller aad OH. 150
CAGCAISA GGler Ae ooh *). MRRORG Peteee 153
DUbrAmMily SLTIgIIne: .... «- MOBtaS MIT. gs. 156
Genus ouix Linné Vero eye oor. FF... 5. 156
RninOpiynE Maines . FIBA, 6 a 6 5k 166
AO BTtEROn eas AK, SIRT OS tec a a 167
Pseudescops Waup A Meech. we ae 171
Nesasio: Peters... aehinvn euateseihs.. 3s 4% % iia
AsroliisGup:. WRN weiner see a 8s 171
ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES, Oil-birds, Goatsuckers ....... 174
BEBORDER OTBATORNITHMS. £2:(%2h Wisnly ) geile Noysiaee es. 174
Kamily Steatornithidae, Oil-pirds. .... 2s 6.9. 2 wee 174
Genus pteatornis: Hamboldizs:. 2c oie... 2. «ss 174
BUsORMWH WC APRIMUDGT,. cs 05.1. SPP o wa Sel Pte be 2. es 175
Pamily Podargidae, Frogmouths 24) 2.0.04... .... 175
Genus! Podargus Victor. 2 fa. ORR so fe 175
Batrachostomus Gouldre=: ersecner. «42. ww. + uit §
Bamily Nyetipudae,,Potoos ....2Sai. Ae IeoeG. . we es 179
Genus Nyctibius Vaeilat baton) cy onnaniidaets Sele 179
Family Aegothelidae, Owlet-nightjars ........2... 181
Genus Aegotheles Vigors and Horsfield. ....... 181
Family Caprimulgidae, Nighthawks, Goatsuckers ..... . 184
Subfamily Chordeilinae, Nighthawks. .......... 184
Genuselurecalis' Cassin ORI Gee. RI ew 184
Chordetles Swainson, = 5. 6 cs ss ge 184
Nyetipragne Bonaparte 20. oss oss ice 189
EGUAPEEMIVUGICR Bf oie cect at. Oe ge Se ee 189
Subfamily Caprimulginae, Goatsuckers ......... 189
Genus Furostopodus Gowld. 2. ET. ee 189
WEES EST 7 77 Oe aca 192
NydadtomusGould! . 96 0k 2 sees wes 192
Phalacnoptilus: Ridgway . . 1... . 5 sss 193
PIDHOMOLMISSCIOLEn ats 2) ek, cal be ae eh ch 194
Otophaneswsrewsrer 0; 1. . a 2 Pe 8, 3 eS 195
Nyctiphrynis Bonaparte... 2.1. 62 ses 195
RDTIMMUPUR MEINE 2 5 ok we ee See 196
DEOLOLMISUSWGNNGON 6 20. . 4 t rise Je wae 215
Macrodypteryx Swainson .......2... 217
Semerophorts Gould...) 5. 2 6 te = ea) ws 217
Hydropealis Wager . 262 3 2 6s he eS 217
repeals mMiger ew ok ede. Shay ae 219
IMIACHA DEALS NSCIATEN 8 21k il Posh Mie Sl) es 219
lecthreptus:G. fe Gray oo 2. ks fe eee 220
ORDER APODIFORMES, Swifts, Hummingbirds. ......... 220
BEBGRDERPAPODE Wits aS S65 fea ie) cl ios ee, el 220
CONTENTS
Family Acgialornithidse: (fossil) 4A40.cotieelad "5 2 ee
Bamuly Apodigge. . tis. coe... see Gale oe ee
Subfamily Chaeturinae, Spine-tailed Swifts. .......
Genus: Collocalia CG) Ro Graymiow % pias. 5 2 a ee
Hirund-apus Hodgson. |... ei See
Streptoprocue Oberholser iis). ais eee
Aecrornis: W. Bertoni. moles ey eee
Chaetura Stephens _.. .2neart, eRe ee
Zoonayens, Mathewws*.*. i ine eee
Mearnsia Ridgway... fem 2 eee
Cypselvides Sireubel . snes 5 Se
Nephoecetes Baird: sac.) oats s\n
Subfamily Apodinae, Typical Swifts. ..........
Genus, Apus Scopolt. .- oC ki 44% sel eee ee
Aecronautes Hartert’ 2... 2.0 ess eee
Panyptila Cabanis . :.: . dao! 4ee 2a
Tachornis'Gosse’ “lines tas: oe See
Micropanyptila Sulton 0) 22) o) ae ee
Reinarda Hartera.) “ivksiotisoe. =e
Cypsiurus Lesson. :. eos) le SA
Family Hemiprocnidae, Crested Swifts ..........
Genus Hemiprocne Neizsch 52 3 se. 2) ae ee
NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN VOLUME IV
Glaucidium capense robertsi nom. nov. ....... .- 132
Glaucidium brodiei peritum nom. nov. . ........ 133
Caprimulgus cayennensis apertus nom. nov... . ... . 201
Caprimulgus asiaticus eidos nom. nov. . ........ 211
CHECK-LIST
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
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OrpDER CUCULIFORMES
SUBORDER MUSOPHAGI
Famity MUSOPHAGIDAE
Genus TAURACO KuivuxK
Tauraco Kluk, Hist., 2, 1779, p. 25. Type, by subsequent designation,
Cuculus persa Linné. (Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polon.,
1, 1938, p. 26.)
Turacus Cuvier, Lecons d’Anat. Comp., 1, 1800, 2nd table at end of
volume. Type, by monotypy ‘‘Touraco” = Cuculus persa Linné.
Proturacus Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 140. Type, by mono-
typy, Proturacus bannermani Bates.
Heuglinornis von Boetticher, Senckenbergiana, 17, 1935, p. 150. Type,
by original designation, Turacus leucolophus (Heuglin) = Corythaix
leucolophus Heuglin.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 52-67.
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1980, p. 248-253.
Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 370-378.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1902, p. 38-56.
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 212+219.
Sclater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 190-194.
Stresemann and Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 48-49 (races of
persa).
Tauraco persa buffoni (Vieillot)
Opethus Buffoni Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 304.
(Locality unknown = Sierra Leone, fide Bannerman.)
West Africa from Gambia to Sierra Leone.
Tauraco persa persa (Linné)
Cuculus Persa Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Africa, ex
Edwards, pl. 7 = Gold Coast.)!
West Africa from the Ivory Coast to Cameroon Mountain; Loango
Coast and the region south of the lower and middle Congo, thence to
northern Angola.
Tauraco persa zenkeri (Reichenow)
Turacus buffoni zenkeri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 44, 1896, p. 9.
(Jaunde, Cameroon.)
Southern Cameroon and Spanish Guinea.
1 Turacus persa biittneri Reichenow, 1891, is a synonym.
+ CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tauraco livingstonii schalowi (Reichenow)
Corythaiz schalowi Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 39, 1891, p. 148. (West
and central Africa, type from Novo Redondo, Angola.)
All of Angola and probably adjacent portions of the Belgian Congo and
northern Rhodesia; eastward extent not known but recorded from Dedza,
southern Nyasaland (Vincent, Ibis, 1934, p. 767).
Tauraco livingstonii marungensis (Reichenow)
Turacus schalowi var. marungensis Reichenow, Vég. Afr., 2, 1902,
p. 52. (Marungu and north of Lake Nyasa.)
Southeastern Congo and northeastern Southern Rhodesia east to Lake
Tanganyika and the northern part of Lake Nyasa.
?Tauraco livingstonii loitanus (Neumann)
Turacus livingstonei loitanus Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 378.
(Loita Mts., Masailand.)
Kenya-Tanganyika border from the eastern shore of Lake Victoria to
the Loita Mts. Doubtfully distinct from 7. 1. marungensis.
Tauraco livingstonii chalcolophus (Neumann)
Turacus chalcolophus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 3, 1895, p. 87. (No
locality = Mt. Gurui, Irangi district, Tanganyika Territory.)
Confined to the Gurui Mts. in the Irangi district of Tanganyika Ter-
ritory.
Tauraco livingstonii cabanisi (Reichenow)
Corythaix Cabanisi Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 31, 1883, p. 221. (Nguru
Mts., Bagamoyo [district], Tanganyika Territory.)
Tanganyika Territory from Bagamoyo and Ugogo southward to the
Uzungwe Mts.
NOTE. The status of Corythaix Reichenowi Fischer, Orn. Centralb., 5,
1880, p. 174. (Nguru Mts.) is still unsettled; some ornithologists consider
it a distinct species, others regard it as a hybrid between 7’. fischeri and
T. 1. cabanisi (an impossible explanation) ; the majority consider it to be a
color aberration cropping out chiefly in Tanganyika Territory, but recorded
from as far south as Mozambique where it has been taken near Beira.
Should reichenowt prove to be a variation, then the name will replace
cabanisi of three years later date.
Tauraco livingstonii livingstonii (G. R. Gray)
Turacus livingstonit G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 44.
(Manganja highlands, Nyasaland.)
1 Turacus hybridus Reichenow, 1898, is a synonym.
a
FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 9)
Forested highlands of southwestern Tanganyika Territory (Poroto,
Ukinga, Njombe and Rungwe Mts.) southward, east of Lake Nyasa, to
eastern Southern Rhodesia and the lower Zambesi valley.
Tauraco corythaix phoebus (Neumann)
Turacus corythaix phoebus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 198.
(De Kaap, Barberton district, Transvaal.)
Northeastern Transvaal in the Zoutpansberg, Lydenburg and Barberton
districts.
Tauraco corythaix corythaix (Wagler)
Spelectos Corythaix Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827 [sig. 8], Spelectos, sp. 1.
(No locality = Cape of Good Hope, in the forests on the east coast
at the entrance to the Anteniquoi country, ex Levaillant.)
Southeastern South Africa from Zululand and Natal to Knysna, Cape
Province.
Tauraco schiittii schiittii (Cabanis)
Corythaix Schiittti Cabanis, Orn. Centralbl., 4, 1879, p. 180. (Interior
of southwestern Africa.)
Gallery forests of the Congo valley east to the Aruwimi River in the
Belgian Congo and south to the Cuanza River, Angola.
Tauraco schiittii sharpei (Reichenow)
Turacus sharpei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 182. (Semmio
[i.e. Zémio on the Bomu River, Ubangi-Shari], Niam Niam country.)
Niam Niam country. Status doubtful and range not worked out.
?Tauraco schiittii finschi (Reichenow)
Turacus finschi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 190. (Ndoruma,
in extreme northeastern Belgian Congo.)!
Upper Uelle River and its affluents, northeastern Belgian Congo.
Tauraco schiittii emini (Reichenow)
Turacus emini Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 30. (Bundako,
Semliki valley, Belgian Congo.)
Turacus ugandae Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 4. (Uganda.)
Headwaters of the Uelle and Ituri rivers in the Belgian Congo east to
Uganda, and extending into Kenya Colony to Kakamega and Nandi, and
to the mountains west of the northern end of Lake Tanganyika.
1 For exact situation of this locality see Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908,
p. 376; it is about 180 miles east of the type locality of T. s. sharpei. It is diffi-
cult to understand the occurrence of two races of 7’. schiittit in a region where
little geographical variation is known to occur; in all probability the differences
will be found to be individual and not of geographic significance.
6 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tauraco fischeri fischeri (Reichenow)
Corythaix Fischeri Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 3, 1878, p. 88. (Witu,
coast of Kenya Colony.)
Coastal districts of East Africa from the Tana River to the Usambara
Mts. and Tanga.
Tauraco fisheri zanzibaricus (Pakenham)
Turacus fischeri zanzibaricus Pakenham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937,
p. 111. (Jozani Forest, Zanzibar Island.)
Confined to the type locality.
Tauraco erythrolophus (Vieillot)
Opaethus erythrolophus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 306.
(Africa.)
Lower Congo river, south to central Benguella.
Tauraco bannermani (Bates)
Proturacus bannermani Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 140.
(Banso Mts., 6000 feet, north of Kumbo, Cameroon.)
Confined to the high mountain valleys of the northern Cameroon
highlands.
Tauraco ruspolii (Salvadori)
Turacus ruspolit Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 36, 1896, p. 44.
(Supposed to have been taken near Lake Abaya in southwestern
Ethiopia.)!
Known only from the unique type in the Museum of Genoa. (See
Salvadori, Ibis, 1918, p. 1-2, pl. 1.)
Tauraco leucotis leucotis (Riippell)
Corythaizx leucotis Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vég., 1835, p. 8, pl. 3.
(Ethiopia.)
Interior of northeastern Africa from Eritrea and Bogosland south over
central and western Ethiopia to the sources of the Gelo, and the Gardula
Mts.
Tauraco leucotis donaldsoni (Sharpe)
Turacus donaldsoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. 32. (Meo,
Gallaland.)
Eastern Ethiopia and western Somaliland from Harar to the Webbe
Web and the Webbe Shibeli.
1 Prof. Neumann in litt. suggests that 7’. ruspolii may prove to be a hybrid
between 7’. fischeri and T’. l. donaldsoni and that the type may have been col-
lected in the central part of southern Somaliland.
FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 1
Tauraco macrorhynchus macrorhynchus (Fraser)
Corythaix macrorhynchus Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839, p. 34.
(Aviary specimen, no locality = Sierra Leone apud Bannerman.)
Forests of West Africa from Sierra Leone to the Ivory Coast.
Tauraco macrorhynchus verreauxii (Schlegel)!
Musophaga Verreauxti Schlegel, Journ. f. Orn., 2, 1854, p. 462. (Ga-
boon.)
Coastal forests from Benin province of southern Nigeria through western
Cameroon, Rio Muni and Gaboon to the Congo; Island of Fernando Po.
Tauraco hartlaubi (Fischer and Reichenow)
Corythaix Hartlaubi Fischer and Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 32, 1884,
p. 52. (Foot of Mt. Meru, Tanganyika Territory.)
Turacus hartlaubi medius Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 18,
p. 2 (in key), p. 3. (Mt. Kenya, 10,000 feet, Kenya Colony.)
Turacus hartlaubi crissalis Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 13,
p. 2 (in key), p. 3. (Mt. Mbololo, 4000 feet, Kenya Colony.)
Turacus hartlaubi caerulescens Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915,
no. 13, p. 2 (in key), p. 4. (Mt. Gargues, North Creek, 6000 feet,
Kenya Colony.)
Highland forests of Kenya Colony and northern Tanganyika Territory
from Mt. Elgon, the southern end of Lake Rudolf and Marsabit, south to
Mt. Meru and the Usambara Mts.
Tauraco leucolophus (Heuglin)
Corythaix leucolophus Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 65. (Bahr
el Abiad, Upper White Nile.)
Central Africa from the Bamingui River and the upper Ubangi, east-
ward across the Bahr el Ghazal and the upper White Nile to the Turkwell
River, south to the upper Uelle, Uganda and the hills in northern Kavi-
rondo.
Genus GALLIREX Lesson
Gallirer Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, 11, 1844, col. 110. Type, by
subsequent. designation, Musophaga porphyreolopha Vigors (Gray,
Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 149).
cf. Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1902, p. 39-40.
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 217-219.
Gallirex porphyreolophus chlorochlamys Shelley
Gallirex chlorochlamys Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 118. (Ugogo and Dar-
es-Salaam.)
1 Replaces Turacus meriani Riippell, Oct., 1851, and authors, not of Riippell,
Jan., 1851.
8 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
East Africa from Mombasa, Machakos and Ankole, west to Lake
Tanganyika and the Loangwa valley, south to Tete and the Zambesi
valley.
Gallirex porphyreolophus porphyreolophus (Vigors)
Corythaix porphyreolopha Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London,
pt. 1, 1831, p. 93. (Africa inland from Algoa Bay.)
Southeastern Africa from Mashonaland and the Mazoe River south-
ward through the eastern Transvaal and southern Mozambique to Natal.
Grnus RUWENZORORNIS NreuMANN
Ruwenzorornis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1903, p. 14. Type,
by original designation, Gallirex johnstont Sharpe.
cf. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Colony and Uganda Prot., 1, 1938,
p. 522-523.
Ruwenzorornis johnstoni johnstoni (Sharpe)
Gallirex johnstoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 57. (Mt.
Ruwenzori, 7000 feet.)
Confined to the mountains of the Ruwenzori range.
Ruwenzorornis johnstoni kivuensis Neumann
Ruwenzorornis jonhstoni [sic] kivuensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn.
Cl., 21, 29 Feb., 1908, p. 54. (Western Kivu Volcanoes, 2400 metres.)
Ruwenzorornis chalcophthalmicus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1
Mar., 1906, p. 48. (Lugege [7.e. Rugege] forest, Kivu.)
Confined to the mountains lying between Lake Edward and Lake Kivu
in eastern Belgian Congo and Ruanda.
Genus MUSOPHAGA IseErtT
Musophaga Isert, Beob. und Entdeck, Naturk. Ges. naturf. Freunde
Berlin, 3, 1789, p. 17. Type, by monotypy, Musophaga violacea
Isert.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 67-72, pl. 4.
Musophaga violacea violacea Isert
Musophaga violacea Isert, Beob. und Entdeck. Naturk. Ges. naturf.
Freunde Berlin, 3, 1789, p. 18, pl. 1. (Accra, Gold Coast.)
West Africa from Gambia to Nigeria occuring north to lat. 12° 30’ in
the latter dependency; one record for northern Cameroon (Genderu Mts.) ;
unrecorded from Liberia and the Ivory Coast.
Musophaga violacea savannicola Grote
Musophaga violacea savannicola Grote, Journ. f. Orn., 70, 1922, p. 398.
(Buala, upper Sanga-Uam, French Cameroon.)
FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 9
Savanna country of the eastern part of northern Cameroon and adjacent
portions of French Equatorial Africa.
Musophaga violacea rossae Gould
Musophaga Rosse Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1851 (1852), p. 93.
(Western coast of Africa; the type is from Angola, fide Shelley, Cat.
Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 449.)
Savanna country and gallery forests from southeastern Cameroon east-
ward across the northern Belgian Congo and the Bahr el Ghazal to the
eastern shore of Lake Victoria (including Ukerewe Island), south to
Benguella, the Kafue valley in Northern Rhodesia and southwestern
Tanganyika Territory; absent from the rain forest areas.
GENus CORYTHAEOLA HEINE
Corythaeola Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 8, 1860, p. 190. Type, by mono-
typy, Musophaga cristata Vieillot.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 72-75, pl. 1.
van Someren, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 48.
Corythaeola cristata cristata (Vieillot)
Musophaga cristata Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 68. (Africa.)
Forested regions of Africa from Casamance to Nigeria, eastward across
the Ubangi-Shari to the Niam Niam country and south to northern
Angola and southern Belgian Congo.
Corythaeola cristata yalensis Mearns
Corythzola cristata yalensis Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 13,
p. 5. (Yala River, Kavirondo, Kenya Colony.)
Forested districts of Uganda and extreme western Kenya Colony
(Mt. Elgon, Kaimosi, Yala River).
Genus CRINIFER Jarocxr!
Crinifer Jarocki, Zoologiia, 2, 1821, p. 181. Type, by monotypy, Phasi-
anus africanus Latham.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 76-79.
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 253-259.
Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 64-71.
Id., Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 366-369.
Selater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 195-197.
1 Replaces Schizorhis Wagler of Sharpe’s Hand-list; for details see Mathews
and Iredale, Austr. Av Rec., 3, 1918, p. 146.
10 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
SuBGENuS CRINIFEROIDES Roserts
Criniferoides Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 11, 1926, p. 218. Type, by
original designation, Chizaerhis leucogaster Riippell.
Crinifer leucogaster (Riippell)
Chizerhis leucogaster Riippell, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1842 (June),
p.9. (Ethiopia.)
Chizdrhis leucogaster Riippell, Mus. Senckenb., 3, 1842, p. 127. (South-
ern provinces of Ethiopia.)
Southern Mongalla, Lake Zwai, the Hawash region of Ethiopia and all
of Somaliland, southward over Kenya Colony and eastern Tanganyika
Territory east of the Rift Valley.
SuBGENus CRINIFER Jarocxk1
Crinifer africanus zonurus (Riippell)
Chizaerhis zonurus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., V6g., 1835, p. 9, pl. 4.
(Ethiopia in provinces of Temben, Dembea and in the Kulla.)
Sennar and Bogosland, south over western Ethiopia (Nile and Omo
drainage) to the eastern Belgian Congo, north shore of Lake Tanganyika
and the southwestern and northeastern shores of Lake Victoria including
Ukerewe Island.
Crinifer africanus africanus (Latham ')
Phasianus africanus Latham, Index Orn., 1790, p. 631. (Africa.)
West Africa (but not the forested areas) from Senegal to Lake Chad and
the Shari River, thence southward to Stanley Pool.
?Crinifer africanus obscuratus Grote
Crinifer africanus obscuratus Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 31, 1923, p. 63.
(Bosun, eastern Cameroon.)
If valid, probably confined to northeastern Cameroon.
SusGENus CORYTHAIXOIDES A. SmitrH
Corythaixoides A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1833, p. 48. Type,
by original designation, Corythaizx concolor A. Smith.
1 Mathews and Iredale (Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1915, p. 44) argue that Falco
piscator Boddaert (Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 28) based on “‘Le Tanas, ou Faucon
pécheur, du Senegal” of Daubenton, pl. 478 is an earlier name for this species.
To recognize Daubenton’s plate as representing Phasianus africanus Latham
requires more imagination than I am capable of using.
FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 11
Crinifer concolor pallidiceps (Neumann)
Corythaixoides concolor pallidiceps Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899,
p. 66. (Angola.)
Angola and Damaraland.
Crinifer concolor concolor (A. Smith)
Corythaix concolor A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1833, p. 48.
(Inland from Port Natal.)
Corythaixoides concolor bechuanae Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932,
p. 25. (Gaberones, Bechuanaland.)
Corythaixoides concolor chobiensis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932,
p. 25. (Kabulabula, Chobe River, northern Bechuanaland.)
Nyasaland and Tanganyika Territory south of Usaramo and the
Rufiji River, southward through Mozambique and the Transvaal to the
Umfolozi River, westward to the interior of Bechuanaland and the
Kalahari Desert.
SusBGcENus GYMNOSCHIZORHIS ScHatow
Gymnoschizorhis Schalow, Journ. f. Orn., 34, 1886, p. 11 (in key), p. 72.
Type, by original designation, Chizaerhis personata Riippell.
Crinifer personata personata (Riippell)
Chizerhis personata Riippell, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1842 (June),
p. 8. (Ethiopia.)
Chizdrhis personata Riippell, Mus. Senckenb., 3, 1842, p. 127. (Southern
provinces of Ethiopia.)
Ethiopia, from the Hawash region and Harar south to the Gato River.
Crinifer personata leopoldi (Shelley)
Schizorhis leopoldi Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 117, pl. 2. (Ugogo, Tangan-
yika Territory.)
Gymnoschizorhis personata centralis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21,
1908, p. 94. (Kitengule, Kagera River, Uganda.)
East Africa from eastern Belgian Congo, Uganda and the region east
of Lake Victoria, south to Lake Nyasa and Tanganyika Territory.
12 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
SuBoRDER CUCULI
Famity CUCULIDAE
SUBFAMILY CUCULINAE
Genus CLAMATOR Kauvprp!
Clamator Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw., 1829, p. 53. Type,
by original designation and monotypy, Cuculus glandarius Linné.
Melanolophus Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. New name
for Edolius Lesson 1830, not of Cuvier 1817. Type, by original
designation, Cuculus serratus Sparrman.
Cecractes (subgenus) Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219.
Type, by original designation, Cuculus jacobinus Boddaert. Not
Cecractes Schénherr 1840. (Coleoptera.)
Cecractana Strand, Arch. f. Naturg., 92, Abth. A, 1926, Heft 8, p. 57.
New name for Cecractes Roberts, preoccupied.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 102-111.
Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 167-171;
7, 1930, p. 382-333.
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 266-274.
Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 955-956.
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 192-201 (sub nom. Coccystes).
Stresemann, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 79-83 (melanistic mutants).
Clamator glandarius (Linné)
Cuculus glandarius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10,1, 1758, p.111. (Northern
Africa and southern Europe; 1.e. Gibraltar, ex Edwards, pl. 57.)
Breeds in the Iberian Peninsula, on Cyprus and from Asia Minor east
to Persia and south to Palestine; northwestern Africa; Egypt. The Palae-
arctic breeding birds migrate to tropical Africa in winter. Breeds also
in Sierra Leone, Somaliland, Tanganyika Territory, Southern Rhodesia
and South Africa; birds from the latter country migrate to tropical Africa
in winter.
Clamator coromandus (Linné)
Cuculus coromandus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Coro-
mandel.)
Southeastern Asia from Garhwal, the Himalayas, Assam and the lower
Yangtse valley, south over India, Burma, Malay Peninsula and Indo-
china; Ceylon, Sumatra, Lingga Archipelago, Java and Borneo; straggler
to the Philippines and Celebes. Occurs in China only as a summer resident.
1 Replaces Coccystes Gloger, 1842 of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 13
Clamator serratus (Sparrman)
Cuculus serratus Sparrman, Mus. Carls., fasc. 1, 1786, no. 3 and pl.
(Cape of Good Hope, 7.e. Cape Peninsula, Cape Province, South
Africa!.) Melanistic phase.
Coccystes hypopinarus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63,
(1863) Heft 1, p. 47. (Cape of Good Hope = Rondebosch, Cape Pen-
insula, ex Levaillant, Ois. Afr., 5, p.42.) Pied phase.
East Africa from southern Ethiopia to Cape Colony; known only to
breed in Cape Colony, Natal and Transvaal where present from October
to March.
Clamator jacobinus pica (Hemprich and Ehrenberg)
Cuculus pica Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys., Aves., 1833, sig.
r. note 2. (Ambukohl, Dongola.)
Africa south of the Sahara to Damaraland, Bechuanaland and Natal.
Found in the southern part of its range only from October to February.
Persian Baluchistan, Afghanistan and northwestern India, breeding in
Kashmir, Punjab and United Provinces and believed to winter in Africa.
Clamator jacobinus jacobinus (Boddaert)
Cuculus Jacobinus Boddaert, Tabl. Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 53. (Coro-
mandel Coast, ex Daubenton, Pl. enlum., pl. 872.)
Clamator jacobinus taprobanus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 22, 1915, p. 254.
(Northwestern Ceylon.)
Southern and eastern India, Assam and Burma south to Karenni and
the Pegu Yomas; Ceylon.
Clamator cafer (Lichtenstein)
Cuculus cafer Lichtenstein, Cat. Rerum rar., Hamburg, 1793, p. 14.
(Kaffirland, z.e. eastern Cape Province.) Normal phase.
Coccystes albonotatus Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 594.
(Usambara Mts., Tanganyika Territory.)?
Coccystes caroli Norman, Ibis, 1888, p. 407. (Ogowe River, Gaboon.)’
Africa from Senegal, the Sudan and Ethiopia, south to South-West
Africa, Cape Province and Natal; south of the Zambesi present only from
October to March.
1 Fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 116-117.
2 In the Ostrich, 9, 1938, p. 112-114, Roberts in reviewing Grant and
Mackworth-Praed’s systematic notes on East African birds expresses strong
disagreement with their findings, as well as with those of Stresemann, in syn-
onymizing hypopinarus and albonotatus with serratus and cafer respectively, and
presents arguments against this procedure. In the light of the evidence of
South African field ornithologists, it is clear that these cuckoos should be
freshly reviewed, in which case the arrangement might be quite different
from that adopted here.
3 See Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 124-126.
14 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Genus PACHYCOCCYX Casanis
Pachycoccyx Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. Type, by mono-
typy, Cuculus validus Reichenow.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 99-102.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 224-225.
Pachycoccyx audeberti validus (Reichenow)
Cuculus validus Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 4, Sept., 1879, p. 139.
(Muniuni, Tana River, Kenya Colony.)
Coccystes Brazze Oustalet, Naturaliste, 1886, p. 299. (Diele, French
Congo.)
Forests of tropical Africa from French Guinea, Bahr el Ghazal and
Kenya Colony, south to Gaboon, southern Congo and northeastern
Tanganyika Territory.
Pachycoccyx audeberti canescens Vincent
Pachycoccyx validus canescens Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933,
p. 129 (Nhauela, lat. 15°25’ S., long. 37°25’ E., 2750 feet,
Mozambique.)
Southern Africa from Angola to Nyasaland and south to Oliphants
River.
Pachycoccyx audeberti audeberti (Schlegel)
Cuculus Audeberti Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, Apr., 1879, p. 99.
(Ambodikilo, near Mananare, southwestern shore of Antongil Bay,
Madagascar.)
Madagascar: Known only from the type in the Leyden Museum, one
specimen in the Rothschild collection taken in the Rogez Forest and one
specimen from the Sianaka Forest in the museum at Tananarive.!
Genus CUCULUS Linnzé ?
Cuculus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10,1, 1758, p.110. Type, by tautonymy,
Cuculus canorus Linné (Cuculus, prebinomial specific name in
synonymy.)
Notococcyx Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by
original designation, Cuculus solitarius Stephens.
Surniculoides Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by
original designation, Cuculus clamosus Latham.
1 This bird is obviously conspecific with P. validus.
2 Includes Hierococcyx 8. Miiller, 1845, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. There is
no good reason for recognizing Hierococcyx as a genus. It is supposedly
characterized by a short wing-tip, and the Accipiter-like barring of the tail also
seems to have prompted its recognition. If there were only extremes to deal
with it would be necessary to recognize Hierococcyx, since the short wing-tip
of vagans and crassirostris presents a very different appearance from the con-
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 15
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 83-96.
Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 135-153; 7,
1930, p. 327-329.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 942-955.
Hartert and Steinbacher, Id., Erginzungsb., Heft 4, 1935, p. 378-380.
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 36-49.
Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 20-26. (Forms of fugaz.)
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 181-194.
Portenko, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17, 1931, p. 417-422.
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 174-184.
Cuculus crassirostris (Walden)
Hierococcyx crasstrostris Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 9,
1872, p. 305. (Northern Celebes.)
Mountains of northern and central Celebes.
Cuculus sparverioides sparverioides Vigors
Cuculus sparverioides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1, 1831
(1832), p. 173. (Himalayas.)
Breeds between 3000 and 9000 feet in the Himalayas from Kashmir to
Assam, and from Szechuan and the lower Yangtse valley south to the hills
of Burma, Siam and Cochinchina; partially resident, but migratory in
China. In winter to the Indian Peninsula, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra,
Java, Borneo, the Philippines and Celebes.
Cuculus sparverioides bocki (Wardlaw Ramsay)
Hierococcyx bocki Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1886, p. 157. (Mountains of
western Sumatra; type from Mt. Sago.)
Mountains of the Malay States, Sumatra and Borneo.
Cuculus varius Vahl
Cuculus varius Vahl, Skriv. Naturhist.-Selsk., Kjobenhavn, 4, 1797,
Heft 1, p. 60. (Tranquebar.)
Resident throughout India (except Sind and the Punjab) east to Bengal
and Assam; Ceylon.
Cuculus vagans S. Miiller !
Cuculus vagans 8. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk.,
pt. 8, 1845, p. 233, note. (Java.)
dition found in the cuckoos with long wing-tips, canorus, saturatus or pallidus
for instance. But considering all the species the differences break down.
H. f. fugax has a wing-tip as long or longer than C. solitarius; on color and
pattern C. micropterus should be a Hierococcyx but the wing-tip is that of
Cuculus (sensu strictu). The resident race of poliocephalus could be placed in
Hierococcyx while the migratory races have the Cuculus type of wing-tip.
1 Replaces Hierococcyx nanus Hume, 1877, of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
16 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tenasserim south over the Malay Peninsula; Mergui Archipelago;
Siam; Java and Borneo.
Cuculus fugax hyperythrus Gould
Cuculus hyperythrus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1856, p. 96.
(China, 7.e. Shanghai.)
Breeds from Ussuriland southward to the lower Yangtse valley and on
the Island of Hondo. In winter or on migration to southern China, Indo-
china, the Philippines, Borneo and northern Celebes.
Cuculus fugax nisicolor Blyth
Cuculus nisicolor Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2, 1848, p. 943.
(Nepal.)
Breeds in the lower Himalayas from Nepal to Assam and south to east-
ern Bengal, Siam and Indochina; recorded in breeding season in the Prov-
ince of Kwangsi, China. Winter visitor to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra,
Siberut, Billiton and Java; Banka (?).
Cuculus fugax pectoralis (Cabanis and Heine)
Hiracococcyx pectoralis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-
63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 27. (Philippines.)
Resident in the islands of Luzon, Mindoro and Cebu, Philippine Islands.
Cuculus fugax fugax Horsfield
Cuculus fugax Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 178. (Java.)
Resident in the Malay Peninsula and Peninsular Siam, Java, Batu
Islands, Siberut, Sumatra; Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Billiton, the Kari-
mata Islands and Borneo.
Cuculus solitarius Stephens
Cuculus solitarius Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 84, pl. 18.
(Caffraria and Madagascar = eastern Cape Province, ex Levaillant.)
Africa from Portuguese Guinea, the Sudan and Ethiopia south to Cape
Province. Migratory in the southern part of its range.
Cuculus clamosus clamosus Latham
Cuculus clamosus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx. (Cape of
Good Hope = Cradock Division, Cape Province, fide Grant and
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 116.)
Breeds throughout South Africa from Damaraland, Bechuanaland and
Rhodesia south to Cape Province. In winter (and perhaps also breeding)
north to Gambia, the Sudan and Eritrea.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 17
Cuculus clamosus gabonensis Lafresnaye
Cuculus Gabonensis Lafresnaye, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 5, 1853, p. 60.
(Gaboon.) !
Forested parts of Cameroon, the central forests of the Belgian Congo,
Gaboon and the Loango Coast.
?Cuculus clamosus mabirae van Someren
Cuculus mabire van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 116.
(Kasala Forest, Uganda.)
Forests of the eastern Belgian Congo and adjacent parts of Uganda.
Doubtfully distinct.
Cuculus clamosus jacksoni Sharpe ?
Cuculus jacksoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 18, 1902, p. 7. (Toro,
Uganda.)
Bahr el Ghazal and southern Ethiopia south to Lake Edward and the
region about Mt. Kenya. Recorded from northern Cameroon and
Angola. #
Cuculus micropterus micropterus Gould
Cuculus micropterus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1837, p. 137.
(Himalayas.)
India (except northwestern) eastward through Assam and south through
Burma to the Malay Peninsula; not recorded from Yunnan; eastern Asia
from Shansi, Chihli and the lower Amur to Kwangtung and Kwangsi;
Indochina; Siam (?); Ceylon. Migratory at least throughout its range in
China; winters in the Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, Banka, Java and the
Thousand Islands.
Cuculus micropterus concretus S. Miiller
Cuculus concretus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk.,
pt. 8, 1845, p. 236, note. (Borneo.)
Resident on Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
1 Cuculus aurivilli Sjéstedt, 1895 is a synonym.
2 Whether the name Cuculus chalybeus Heuglin (Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862,
p. 34. — Ain Saba, Ethiopia) applies to the present form is a moot question
which can only be definitely settled by an examination of Heuglin’s type, if
still in existence. For arguments for and against the use of chalybeus see
Friedmann, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 264-266 and Bannerman,
postea, p. 95, note.
3 The records from Cameroon and Angola are difficult to account for as is
also the range of jacksoni and mabirae in Uganda and the lake region between
the Congo and Uganda; the variability of these races has perhaps not been
sufficiently considered in identifying specimens.
18 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cuculus canorus canorus Linné
Cuculus canorus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 110. (Europe =
Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.)
Cuculus canorus rumenicus Tschusi and Dombrowski, Orn. Jahrb., 15,
1904, p. 121. (Cernavoda and Sintesei, Rumania.)
Cuculus canorus similis ‘‘Tschusi and Dombrowski’? Dombrowski,
Ornis Romaniae, 1912, p. 372. (Rumania.)
Breeds in Europe and western Siberia from the British Isles, Scan-
dinavia and northern Russia (limits in Siberia not definitely known)
south to the Pyrenees, the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and northern
Persia. Winters in Africa from the equatorial region south to Cape Colony,
but not in tropical West Africa.
Cuculus canorus bangsi Oberholser
Cuculus canorus bangst Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919,
p. 22. New name for Cuculus canorus minor A. E. Brehm, 1858, not
of Gmelin, 1788. (Northern and central Spain.)
Breeds in Portugal (?), Spain, Balearic Islands, Morocco, Algeria and
Tunis. Supposed to winter in tropical Africa; the wintering birds of the
Cape Verde Islands may belong to this race.
?Cuculus canorus kleinschmidti Schiebel
Cuculus canorus kleinschmidti Schiebel, Orn. Jahrb., 21, 1910, p. 103.
(Vizzanova, Corsica.)
Corsica; Sardinia (?). Doubtfully distinct from C. c. canorus.
Cuculus canorus johanseni Tschusi
Cuculus canorus johansent Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 165.
(Tomsk, Siberia.)
Cuculus canorus maximus Neumann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 2, 1934,
p. 332. (Maralnik, Agul River, East Sajan Mts.)
Distribution not well worked out but apparently extending from Omsk,
Tomsk, Achinsk and the Sajan Mts. southward to Semiretchie, the Kunges
River and perhaps the Gobian Altai and the Iche Bogdo Massif; cuckoos
recorded from the valley of the Yenesei at the mouth of the Kureika,
Turukhansk and Krasnoyarsk may belong to this form. Winter range
not known but migrants from the vicinity of Tashkent are probably refer-
able here.
Cuculus canorus telephonus Heine
Cuculus telephonus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. (Japan.)
Breeds in northeastern Asia from the Yakutsk region to Anadyr and
Kamchatka, south to Manchuria, Korea, Japan and the Kurile Islands.
Winters in India, the Malay Peninsula, Greater Sunda Islands and east-
ward to New Guinea; recorded in winter from northeastern Africa.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 19
Cuculus canorus fallax Stresemann
Cuculus canorus fallax Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 38, 1930, p. 47.
(Yao Shan, Kwangsi.)
Breeds in China north to Pekin, south to Kwangsi and Kwangtung and
extending up the Yangtse valley to central Szechwan. Winter range not
worked out.
Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert
Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 948.
(Shillong, Assam.)
Breeds from eastern Kokonor and southwestern Kansu southward
through western Szechwan and western Kansu (probably adjacent parts
of eastern Tibet) to Burma (Pegu Yomas) and the Shan States. In winter
moving into the plains of Assam, and eastern Bengal and to Indochina.
Cuculus canorus subtelephonus Zarudny
Cuculus canorus subtelephonus Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 5, 1914, p. 108,
115. (Turkestan.)
Cuculus canorus kwenlunensis Portenko, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17,
1931, p. 417. (Nija Oasis, southern Kashgaria.)
Transcaspia, Russian Turkestan and western Chinese Turkestan;
recorded from the western slopes of the Ala Shan in extreme southern
Mongolia, from the valley of the upper Huang ho and from a northern
tributary of the Mekong in southeastern Tibet. Winters in East Africa.
Cuculus canorus gularis Stephens
Cuculus gularis Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 83, pl. 17.
(No locality = Camdeboo, Cape Province, ex Levaillant.)
Africa from Gambia, northern Nigeria, the Egyptian Sudan and Kenya
Colony, south to Damaraland, Bechuanaland, Transvaal and Natal;
present in the southern part of its range only from October to March.
Cuculus saturatus horsfieldi Moore
Cuculus horsfieldi Moore, in Moore and Horsfield, Cat. Bds. Mus. Hon.
East-India Co., 2, 1856-58 (1857), p. 703. (Java.)
?Cuculus optatus belli Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 83.
(Lord Howe Island.)
?Cuculus waigoui [sic] Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 291. (Waigeu.)
Breeds throughout practically all of eastern Siberia north to the Arctic
Circle, south to Persia (?),'the Altai, northern China, Manchuria, Korea
and the Japanese islands south to Hondo. Winter range not exactly known
to subspecies. Cuculus saturatus as a species winters in southern India,
the Philippines, Sunda Islands, Celebes, Moluccas, Bismarck Archi-
pelago, Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Waigeu and Australia.
20 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cuculus saturatus saturatus Blyth
Cuculus saturatus “Hodgson,” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2,
1843, p. 942. (Nepal.)
Cuculus optatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 18. (Port
Essington, Northern Territory.)
Cuculus kelungensis Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 394. (Kelung district,
Formosa.)
Breeds in the southern Himalayas, Assam, Burma, the southern prov-
inces of China and the Island of Formosa.}
Cuculus poliocephalus rochii Hartlaub
Cuculus rochit Hartlaub, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862 (1863), p. 224.
(Madagascar. ) 2
Forested portions of Madagascar, migrating from the east to the west
in the rainy season; occasional in Africa to Uganda and eastern Congo
and on Mauritius.
Cuculus poliocephalus poliocephalus Latham
Cuculus poliocephalus Latham, Index Orn. 1, 1790, p. 214. (India.)
Breeds from the Afghanistan frontier throughout the Himalayas to
Assam, western and central China, Manchuria, and Japan from Hondo to
Kiusiu. Winters in southern India, Ceylon and the Andaman Islands;
recorded from eastern China, the Bonin Islands, Formosa, Riu Kiu Islands,
Cochinchina, etc., as a migrant or straggler.
Cuculus poliocephalus insulindae Hartert
Cuculus intermedius insulindae Hartert, Voég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 952.
(Kina Balu, Borneo.)
Resident on Borneo.
Cuculus poliocephalus lepidus S. Miiller
Cuculus lepidus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk.,
pt. 8, 1845, p. 236, note. (Timor.) *
Resident in the Malay States, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa,
Flores, Pantar, Sumba and Timor.
?Cuculus pallidus occidentalis (Cabanis and Heine)
Heteroscenes occidentalis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 27, note. (West Australia.)
1 For an account of the nomenclature, characters and ranges of the forms
of Cuculus saturatus cf. Junge, Temminckia, 2, 1937, p. 198-202.
2 Replaces Cuculus stormsi Du Bois, 1887.
* Replaces Cuculus musicus Auct. not of Ljungh, 1804. The bird heretofore
known as Penthoceryx sonnerati pravata (Horsfield) must become P. s. musicus
(Ljungh) and the bird formerly called Cuculus poliocephalus musicus Ljungh
becomes C. p. lepidus Miiller.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE a |
West Australia and Northern Territory; doubtfully distinct from
C. p. pallidus.
Cuculus pallidus pallidus (Latham)
Columba pallida Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lx. (New Holland
= New South Wales apud Mathews.)
Heteroscenes pallidus tasmanicus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916,
p. 58. (Tasmania.)
Eastern and southern Australia; Tasmania.
Genus CERCOCOCCYX Casanis
Cercococcyx Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Cercococcyx mechowi Cabanis.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 96-98.
Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 313, 1928, p. 1-11.
Cercococcyx mechowi Cabanis
Cercococcyx Mechowi Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. (Angola.)
Cercococcyx mechowt wellsi Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919,
p. 7. (Bitye, River Ja, Cameroon.)
Sierra Leone; Gold Coast; Cameroon, east to northern Uganda and
south to northern Angola and central Belgian Congo.
Cercococcyx olivinus Sassi
Cercococcyzx olivinus Sassi, Ann. k. k. naturh. Hofsmus. Wien, 26, 1912,
p. 341, 378. (Forest on the mountains bordering the eastern edge of
the Rutshuru Plain, 1600 metres, Belgian Congo.)
Gold Coast; Cameroon east to the Semliki valley, and south to northern
Angola and Katanga.
Cercococcyx montanus montanus Chapin
Cercococcyx montanus Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 313, 1928, p. 6.
(Kalongi, 6900 feet, Butahu Valley, Ruwenzori Range.)
Mountain forests above 5000 feet from Ruwenzori south to Lake Tan-
ganyika.
Cercococcyx montanus patulus Friedmann
Cercococcyx montanus patulus Friedmann, Proc. New Engl. Zodl. Cl.,
10, 1928, p. 84. (Bagilo, Uluguru Mts., Tanganyika Territory.)
Apparently confined to the Uluguru and Usambara Mts.; the birds from
Nyasaland should be referable to this form.
Genus PENTHOCERYX CasBanis AND HEINE
Penthoceryx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 16. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus sonneratiu Latham.
22 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
cf. Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1919, p. 45-47.
Id., Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 157-160.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 125-126.
Penthoceryx sonneratii sonneratii (Latham)
Cuculus Sonneratii Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 215. (India.)}
India, Assam, Burma, Siam and southern Annam, south to central
Tenasserim and Cochinchina.
Penthoceryx sonneratii waiti Stuart Baker
Penthoceryx sonnerati waiti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1919,
p.47. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon.
Penthoceryx sonneratii malayanus Chasen and Kloss
Penthoceryx sonnerati malayanus Chasen and Kloss, Bull. Raffles Mus.,
no. 5, 1931, p. 84. (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Federated Malay
States. ) ;
Malay Peninsula south of the range of the typical form but not including
the extreme south.
Penthoceryx sonneratii fasciolatus (S. Miller)
Cuculus fasciolatus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note. (Java and Sumatra,? restricted
to Sumatra by Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus.,
8, 1923, p. 336, 359.)
Southern Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Borneo,
Philippine Islands (Palawan, Calamianes, Tablas.)
Penthoceryx sonneratii musicus (Ljungh)
Cuculus musicus Ljungh, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 24, 1803
(1804), p. 309, pl. 6. (Batavia, Java.)?
Java; a specimen listed from Timor in Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891,
p. 265.
GEeNus CACOMANTIS S. Mier
Cacomantis S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk.,
pt. 6, 1843, p. 177, note. Type, by subsequent designation, Cuculus
flavus Gmelin = Cuculus merulinus Scopoli. (Salvadori, Orn. Pap.
delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 331.)4
1 In 1919 Stuart Baker gives “Bengal” as type locality but in 1927 this is
changed to “North Cachar Hills.”
2 This name antedates Penthoceryx venustus (Jerdon) which has been used
for this race.
3 Replaces Penthoceryx pravata (Horsfield), 1821, cf. Bartels, Orn. Monatsb.,
35, 1927, p. 21.
4 Gray’s 1855 designation of Cuculus inornatus Vigors and Horsfield [= Co-
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 23
Vidgenia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 311, 327. Type, by original
designation, Cuculus castaneiventris Gould.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 153-156.
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 164-174; 33, 1926, p. 55-56.
Mathews, Nov. Zool., 33, 1926, p. 53-54.
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1913, p. 382.
Cacomantis merulinus passerinus (Vahl)
Cuculus passerinus Vahl, Skriv. Naturhist.-Selsk., Kjobenhavn, 4,
1797, Heft 1, p. 57. (Tranquebar.)
India from western Nepal and Sikkim southward; Ceylon. Absent from
the more arid parts; partly migratory.
Cacomantis merulinus querulus Heine
Cacomantis querulus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. New
name for Polyphasia tenuirostris Jerdon 1862, not Cuculus tenuirostris
Gray 1834, which = Cacomantis passerinus (Vahl). (Lower Bengal,
Assam, Sylhet, Burma and China.)
Assam eastward through Yunnan to Fukien, south through Burma,
Siam and Indochina to the northern Malay States; Hainan.
Cacomantis merulinus threnodes Cabanis and Heine
Cacomantis threnodes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 19. New name for Cuculus flavus Blyth, not of
Gmelin. (Malacca.)
Cacomantis dysonymus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. (Sunda
Islands.)
Malay States (except northern), Sumatra, Siberut, Engano, Borneo.
Cacomantis merulinus subpallidus Oberholser
Cacomantis merulinus subpallidus Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60,
1912, no. 7, p. 5. (Lafau, Nias Island.)
Confined to Nias Island.
Cacomantis merulinus lanceolatus (S. Miiller)
Cuculus lanceolatus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1843, p. 178, note. (Java.)
Java.
Cacomantis merulinus merulinus (Scopoli)
Cuculus merulinus Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr., fasc. 2, 1786,
p. 89. (Panay, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat, p. 121, pl. 81.)
Philippine Islands. Birds recorded under this name from Bali are prob-
ably not correctly identified.
lumba pallida Latham] is invalid, since that species was not one of the origi-
nally included species.
Q4 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cacomantis merulinus celebensis Stresemann
Cacomantis merulinus celebensis Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931,
p. 46. (Pasui, 600 metres, southern Celebes.)
Celebes.
Cacomantis variolosus sepulcralis (S. Miller)
Cuculus sepulcralis S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note. (Java and Sumatra.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Simalur, Billiton, Borneo, Java, Bali,
Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba; Philippine Islands (except Sulu
Archipelago).
Cacomantis variolosus everetti Hartert
Cacomantis variolosus everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 166.
(Tawi Tawi, Sulu Archipelago.)
Philippine Islands: Basilan and the Sulu Archipelago.
Cacomantis variolosus virescens (Briiggemann)
Cuculus virescens Briiggemann, Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen, 5, 1876,
p. 59. (Celebes.)
Celebes, Banggai and the Tukang Besi group. (Binungko and Tomia.)
Cacomantis variolosus oblitus Hartert
Cacomantis variolosus oblitus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 167.
(Batjan, northern Moluccas.)
Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Batjan,
Obi.
Cacomantis variolosus aeruginosus Salvadori
Cacomantis aeruginosus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878,
p. 458. (Buru, Amboina, Ceram = Buru, apud Hartert 1925, p. 166.)
Confined to Buru.
Cacomantis variolosus stresemanni Hartert
Cacomantis variolosus stresemanni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 166.
(Gunong Sofia, 3000 feet, Ceram.)
Ceram and probably Amboina.
Cacomantis variolosus infaustus Cabanis and Heine
Cacomantis infaustus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Heft 4, 1862-63
(1863), Th. 1, p. 23. (Misol.)
Western Papuan Islands: Gebe, Waigeu, Salawati, Kofiau, Misol;
Ceramlaut and Goram; Kei Islands; Southeast Islands; Aru Islands;
New Guinea (except parts occupied by oreophilus); Jobi.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 95
Cacomantis variolosus obscuratus Stresemann and Paludan
Cacomantis variolosus obscuratus Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool.,
38, 1932, p. 202. (Numfor.)
Confined to the Island of Numfor in Geelvink Bay.
Cacomantis variolosus fortior Rothschild and Hartert
Cacomantis assimilis fortior Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21,
1914, p. 4. (Mountains of Goodenough Island.)
Goodenough and Fergusson Islands; birds from Rook, Dampier and
Vulcan islands may be referable to this race.
Cacomantis variolosus oreophilus Hartert
Cacomantis variolosus oreophilus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 168.
(Hydrographer Mts., 2500 feet, west of Dyke Acland Bay, New
Guinea.)
Southwestern and southeastern New Guinea, recorded from the foot-
hills of the Snow Mts. between the Mimika and Eilanden Rivers; the
mountains of southeastern New Guinea and near Collingwood Bay and
inland from Milne Bay.
Cacomantis variolosus blandus Rothschild and Hartert
Cacomantis blandus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914, p. 290.
(Manus, Admiralty Islands.)
Admiralty Islands.
Cacomantis variolosus websteri Hartert
Cacomantis websteri Hartert, in Cayley-Webster’s Through New Guinea,
1898, app. 1, p. 370. (New Hanover.)
Confined to New Hanover.
Cacomantis variolosus macrocercus Stresemann
Cacomantis sepulcralis macrocercus Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern,
1, 1921, p. 37. (Blanche Bay, New Britain.)
Bismarck Archipelago (except New Hanover).
Cacomantis variolosus addendus Rothschild and Hartert
Cacomantis addendus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901,
p. 185. (Kulambangra, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands; recorded from Kulambangra, Rubiana and Malaita.
Cacomantis variolosus variolosus (Vigors and Horsfield)
Cuculus variolosus Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15,
pt. 1, 1826, p. 300. (Paramatta, New South Wales.)
Cuculus tymbonomus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volk-
enk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note 3. (Timor.)
26 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cuculus dumetorum Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 19. (Port
Essington, Northern Territory.)!
Cuculus brisbanensis Diggles, Trans. Queensl. Phil. Soc., 2, 1872, p. 12.
(Norman’s Creek, Brisbane, Queensland.) See Mathews, Austr. Av.
Rec., 1, 1912, p. 69.
Cacomantis lineatus Dodd, Emu, 12, Jan., 1913, p. 165. (Nelson,
northern Queensland.)
Cuculus westwoodia Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 20 Mar., 1913, p. 190.
(Central Queensland, type from Westwood, near Rockhampton,
Queensland.)
Cacomantis pyrrhophanus [sic] vidgent Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918,
p. 326. (Cape York, Queensland.)
Northern and eastern Australia; on migration or in the ‘‘off season”’
to the Aru Islands, Moluccas, Kei Islands, New Guinea and the western
Papuan Islands.
Cacomantis castaneiventris arfakianus Salvadori
Cacomantis arfakianus Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 40,
1889, p. 177. (Arfak Mts.) Reprint, p. 49. ?
Western Papuan Islands: Salawati, Misol; Island of Jobi; New Guinea
from the Vogel Kop to the Weyland and Snow Mountains. (Mimika
River.)
Cacomantis castaneiventris weiskei Reichenow
Cacomantis weiskei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 8, 1900, p. 186. (Aroa
River, 5000 feet, New Guinea.)
Cacomantis castaneiventris bihagi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914,
p. 92. (Bihagi, head of the Mambare River, New Guinea.)
New Guinea from the Sepik region on the north and the Utakwa River
on the south, eastward.
Cacomantis castaneiventris castaneiventris (Gould)
Cuculus (Cacomantis) castaneiventris Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.
(3), 20, 1867, p. 269. (Cape York district, Queensland, Australia.)
Vidgenia yorki Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 5, 1922, p.4. (Cape York.)
New name for the bird figured in Bds. Austr., 7, pl. 366, top figs.
Cape York Peninsula, south to Cooktown and the Claudie River.
1Mr. George Mack informs me (in litt.) that specimens from northern Aus-
tralia cannot be separated from those of eastern Australia. Further Dr. Junge
writes me that C. tymbonomus Miiller is an earlier name for dumetorum, so if
a north Australian race is to be recognized the former name must be used.
2 Also issued as separately paged reprint, ‘‘Aggiunte alla Ornitologia della
Papuasia e delle Molucche.”’
3 Some form of C. castaneiventris occurs on the Aru Islands.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE Q7
Cacomantis heinrichi Stresemann
Cacomantis heinricht Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 169.
(Sibela, 1500 metres, Batjan.)
Halmahera and Batjan, above 1000 metres.
Cacomantis pyrrophanus! prionurus (Lichtenstein)
Cuculus prionurus “Tll.”’ Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin,
1823, p. 9. (New South Wales.)
Cuculus rubricatus athertoni Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 11.
(Atherton, North Queensland.)
Cuculus rubricatus albani Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 12.
(Albany, South-West Australia.)
Cuculus rubricatus eyrei Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 320. (Eyre’s
Peninsula, South Australia.)
Eastern and southern Australia; Tasmania. On migration to the Aru
Islands.
Cacomantis pyrrophanus excitus Rothschild and Hartert
Cacomantis excitus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14, 1907, p. 436.
(Owgarra, Angabunga River, New Guinea.)
Mountains of New Guinea: Arfak Mts., Weyland Mts., Nassau Range,
Saruwaged Mts., Angabunga River.
Cacomantis pyrrophanus meeki Rothschild and Hartert
Cacomantis meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 586.
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.)
Recorded from Ysabel, Rennell and Bellona Islands in the Solomon
Islands.
Cacomantis pyrrophanus schistaceigularis Sharpe
Cacomantis schistaceigularis Sharpe, Ibis, 1900, p. 338. (Espiritu Santo,
New Hebrides.)
New Hebrides.
Cacomantis pyrrophanus pyrrophanus (Vieillot)
Cuculus pyrrophanus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 234.
(New Holland, error = New Caledonia.)
New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands.
1 The specific name pyrrophanus is used here in the sense in which it is em-
ployed by Hartert, Nov. Zool., 33, 1926, p. 55-56; Cuculus cineraceus Vigors
and Horsfield, 1827 is a synonym. Mathews believes that the name should
be applied to the species referred to variolosus in this work and so uses it in his
Syst. Av. Australas., pt. 1, 1927, p. 410. For the birds here listed under the
specific name pyrrophanus Mathews uses prionurus.
2 Replaces Cacomantis bronzinus (Gray), 1859 of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
28 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cacomantis pyrrophanus simus (Peale)
Cuculus simus Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 134. (Sandalwood
Bay, Fiji Islands.)!
Fiji Islands.
GENUS RHAMPHOMANTIS Satvapor1
Rhamphomantis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, p. 459.
Type, by monotypy, Cuculus megarhynchus G. R. Gray.
Thelazomenus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 127. Type, by
monotypy, Thelazomenus poecilocercus Reichenow.
cf. Salvadori, Orn. Pap. delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 343-344.
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 43.
Rhamphomantis megarhynchus sanfordi Stresemann and Paludan
Rhamphomantis megarhynchus sanfordi Stresemann and Paludan, Orn.
Monatsb., 40, 1932, p. 17. (Waigeu.)
Confined to the Island of Waigeu.
Rhamphomantis megarhynchus megarhynchus (G. R. Gray)
Cuculus megarhynchus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858,
p. 184. (Aru Islands.)
Thelazomenus poecilocercus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 127.
(Middle Sepik region, New Guinea.)
The Vogel Kop and interior of the northern coast of New Guinea east-
ward to the Kumusi River; Aru Islands.
GEeNus MISOCALIUS Casanis AND HEINE
Misocaitus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft
1, p. 16, note. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus palliolatus of authors, not
of Latham = Chalcites osculans Gould.
Owenavis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 3. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Chalcites osculans Gould.
cf. Mathews, Bds. Austr. 7, 1918, p. 331-337.
Misocalius osculans (Gould)
Chalcites osculans Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1847, p. 32. (New
South Wales.)
Owenavis osculans rogersi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 18.
(Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.)
Australia, chiefly in the interior. The extent to which this species is
migratory is not known but it has been recorded from the Aru and Kei
Islands and from Batjan.
1 Cuculus infuscatus Hartlaub, 1866 is a “melanistic mutant” fide Strese-
mann, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 77-79.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 29
Genus CHRYSOCOCCYX Borr
Chrysococcyx Boie, Isis von Oken, 1826, Bd. 2, col. 977. Type, by
monotypy, Cuculus cupreus Latham = Cuculus cupreus Shaw.
Lampromorpha Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1831,
p. 92. Type, by monotypy, Lampromorpha chalcopepla Vigors =
Cuculus caprius Boddaert.
Metallococcyx Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 54. Type, by
original designation, Cuculus smaragdineus Swainson = Cuculus
cupreus Shaw. ;
Adamatornis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by
monotypy, Chrysococcyx klaasi (Stephen) [sic] = Cuculus klaas
Stephens.
Adetococcyx (subgenus) Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219.
Type, by monotypy, Chrysococcyx intermedius Hartlaub.
cf. Bannerman, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 413-420.
Id., Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 111-120.
Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 417-419 (nomenclature).
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 660-662.
Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 2-7 (nomenclature).
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 184-192.
van Someren, Ibis, 1925, p. 660-662, pl. 22, 23 (generic limits).
Chrysococcyx cupreus cupreus (Shaw)
Cuculus cupreus Shaw, Mus. Leverianum, 1792, p. 157. (‘Most proba-
bly an African bird” = Africa, restricted to Gambia by Grant antea,
p. 419.)!
African forest belt from Gambia to southern Ethiopia and south to the
Ivory Coast, Gold Coast and southern Nigeria.
Chrysococcyx cupreus intermedius Hartlaub
Chrysococcyx intermedius ‘‘Verr.’’ Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. W. Afr., 1857,
p. 191. (Gaboon.)
Cameroon eastward to Uganda and Kenya Colony, south to Gaboon
and southern Belgian Congo; islands of Fernando Po, Principe and Sao
Thomé. Recorded from Tete Province, Mozambique.
Chrysococcyx cupreus sharpei van Someren
Chrysococcyx auratus sharpet van Someren, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 53.
(South Africa, type from Ifafa River, Natal.)
Southern Angola, Northern Rhodesia (Kafue River and the Zambesi
district) south through the Transvaal and Natal to Cape Province.
1 Replaces Metallococcyx smaragdineus (Swainson) 1837 of Sharpe’s Hand-
list.
30 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Chrysococcyx flavigularis Shelley
Chrysococcyx flavigularis Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879 (1880),
p. 679, pl. 50. (Elmina, Gold Coast Colony.)
Sierra Leone east to the Ituri district of the Belgian Congo and south-
ward to southern Cameroon, forests of the lower Congo and the Kasai
district.
Chrysococcyx klaas klaas (Stephens)
Cuculus Klaas ! Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 128. (Cape
Colony.)
Senegal eastward across northern Nigeria and the Sudan to northwestern
Ethiopia and south to Damaraland and Cape Province; Island of Fer-
nando Po. In the southern part of its range present only from November
to March.
Chrysococcyx klaas arabicus Bates
Chrysococcyx klaast arabicus Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 150.
(Asar, 4500 feet, near Faifa, Asir, Arabia.)
Southern Arabia.
Chrysococcyx caprius (Boddaert)
Cuculus caprius Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 40. (Cape of Good
Hope, ex Daubenton, Pl. enlum., no. 657.)?
All of Africa south of the Sahara; occurring in South Africa only from
October to May.
GEeNus CHALCITES Lesson 3
Chalcites Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 152. Type, by tau-
tonymy, Cuculus chalcites Illiger, 1.e. Lichtenstein, 1818 (Temminck,
Pl. col., livr. 17, 1821, pl. 102, f. 2) = Cuculus plagosus Latham.
Lamprococcyx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 11. Type, by original designation, Cuculus lucidus
Gmelin.
Heterococcyx Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 5, 1874, p. 61. [Uc-
celli di Borneo.] Type, by monotypy, Cuculus neglectus Schlegel =
Cuculus basalis Horsfield.
Neochalcites Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 7. Type, by original
designation, Chrysococcyx basalis mellor: Mathews.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 160-163.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 127-128.
1 This is the original spelling of the specific name.
2 Replaces Chrysoccocyx cupreus [sic] (Bodd.) of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
3 Replaces Chaleococcyx Cabanis, 1863 and includes Heterococcyx Sal-
vadori, 1874 of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 2 |
Hartert and Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 158-163.
Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 237-239.
Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 520, 1932, p. 1-9.
Chalcites maculatus (Gmelin)!
Trogon maculatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 404. (Ceylon.)?
Breeds in the Himalayas from Kuman through Assam, southeastern
Tibet, and Szechwan to Hupeh, south to Burma, Yunnan and Annam.
Has been taken in winter or as a wanderer in the Indian Peninsula, Hainan,
Cochinchina, Malay Peninsula and Sumatra.
Chalcites xanthorhynchus xanthorhynchus (Horsfield)
Cuculus xanthorhynchus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1,
1821, p. 179. (Java.)
Assam, southwestern Yunnan and southern Annam, south to eastern
Bengal, the Malay Peninsula, Siam and Cochinchina; Andaman and Nico-
bar Islands; Sumatra; Lingga Archipelago; Java; Borneo, Natuna Islands;
Palawan (?).
?Chalcites xanthorhynchus bangueyensis Chasen and Kloss
Chalcites (Chalcococcyx) xanthorhynchus bangueyensis Chasen and Kloss,
Journ. f. Orn., 1929, Hartert Festschr., p. 109. (Banguey Island.)
Confined to Banguey Island off northern Borneo. Doubtful form.
Chalcites xanthorhynchus amethystinus (Vigors)
Lampromorpha amethystina Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London,
pt. 1, 1831, p. 98. (Neighborhood of Manila, Luzon, Philippines.)
Philippine Islands; recorded from Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Cebu and
Basilan.
Chalcites basalis (Horsfield)
Cuculus basalis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 179. (Java.)
Cuculus neglectus Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 1, 1864, Cuculi, p. 35.
(Borneo.)
Lamprococcyx modesta Diggles, Trans. Phil. Soc. Queensland, 2, 1876,
p. 12. (Norman’s Creek, Brisbane, Queensland.)
Chrysococcyx basalis mellori Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 14.
(Eyre’s Peninsula, South Australia.)
1 T am unable to discover on what grounds several recent writers have used
a trinomial in referring to this species.
2 Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 5, 1923, p. 154, consider
the original type locality to be an error and propose to substitute Pegu, but
Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 521-522
show that Ceylon is probably the correct locality.
32 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Chrysococcyx basalis wyndhami Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 14.
(Point Torment, North-West Australia.)
Breeds in southern Australia and in Tasmania; winters chiefly in the
Sunda Islands from Java to Sumbawa, but recorded also from Malay Pen-
insula, Sumatra, Borneo, North Natuna Islands, Kangean Islands,
Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) and Celebes. On migration on the Aru
Islands and Cape York Peninsula.
Chalcites lucidus plagosus (Latham)
Cuculus plagosus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxxi. (New Hol-
land = New South Wales, apud Mathews.)
Lamprococcyx poliurus Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 40,
1889, p. 177; separately paged reprint p. 49.1 (Tarawai Island, New
Guinea.)
Chrysococcyx plagosus tasmanicus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912,
p. 17. (Tasmania.)
Chrysococcyx plagosus cartert Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 17.
(Broome Hill, South-West Australia.)
Breeds in southern Australia and in Tasmania: winters in the Lesser
Sunda Islands (where recorded from Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores and
Wetar), New Guinea and perhaps the Bismarck Archipelago.
Chalcites lucidus lucidus (Gmelin)
Cuculus lucidus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 421. (New Zea-
land, 2.e. Queen Charlotte Sound.)
?Lamprococcyx lucidus australis Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916,
p. 83. (Queensland, type from Capricorn Islands, Queensland.)
Breeds throughout New Zealand and on the Chatham Islands; possibly
also on Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands. Winters in the Solomon Islands,
Nissan and Feni Islands (east of New Ireland) and on the Bismarck
Archipelago.
Chalcites lucidus layardi (Mathews)
Chrysococcyx layardi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 16. (New
Caledonia.)
Resident on the Santa Cruz Islands, Banks Islands, New Hebrides,
Loyalty Group and New Caledonia.
Chalcites lucidus harterti Mayr
Chalcites lucidus hartertt Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 520, 1932, p. 8.
(Rennell Island.)
Resident on Rennell and Bellona Islands.
1 See note on p. 26.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 33
Chalcites malayanus malayanus (Raffles)
Cuculus Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822,
p. 286. (Malay Peninsula.)
Malay Peninsula from Patani southward; Sumatra; Philippines: Negros,
Mindanao, Basilan, Tawi Tawi, Bongao.
Chalcites malayanus albifrons Junge
Chalcites malayanus albifrons Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 237.
(Batavia, Java.)
Java.
Chalcites malayanus aheneus Junge
Chalcites malayanus aheneus Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 238.
(Bandjermasin, Borneo.)
Borneo; the birds recorded from Maratua Island may be referable here.
Chalcites malayanus jungei Stresemann
Chaleites malayanus junget Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 45, 1938,
p. 148. (Oeroe, western base of the Latimodjong Mts., Celebes.)
Central and southern Celebes.
Chalcites malayanus rufomerus (Hartert)
Chrysococcyx rufomerus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, March, 1900, p. 21.
(Damar Island.)
Chalcococcyx innominatus Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus., 22, July, 1900,
p. 94. (Kisar Island.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Kisar, Roma, Damar, Leti, Moa, Sermatta.!
Chalcites malayanus salvadorii Hartert and Stresemann
Chalcites malayanus salvadorti Hartert and Stresemann, Nov. Zool.,
32, 1925, p. 162. (Tepa, Babar Island.)
Known only from the unique type.
Chalcites malayanus misoriensis (Salvadori)
Lamprococcyx misoriensts Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875,
p. 914. (Misori Island.)
Island of Biak: (formerly called Misori) in Geelvink Bay.
Chalcites malayanus poecilurus (G. R. Gray)
Chrysococcyx pacilurus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861
(1862), p. 431. (Misol.)
1 Chalcites malayanus is also recorded from Timor and Wetar; Hartert and
Stresemann believe that probably each of these islands has an endemic race,
but do not name it. Junge records C. malayanus from Wetar, Ternate, Buru,
Amboina and Goram.
34 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Lamprococcyx poeciluroides Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13,
1878, p. 460. (Sorong; Taravai Island.)
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Misol; New Guinea; Aru Islands;
Vulcan Island, Dampier Island, Fergusson Island.
Chalcites malayanus russatus (Gould)
Chrysococcyx russata Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 76. (Cape
‘ York district of Queensland, Australia.)
Cape York Peninsula; recorded also from the Merauke region of New
Guinea.
Chalcites malayanus minutillus (Gould)
Chrysococcyx minutillus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 128.
(Port Essington, Northern Territory.)
Chrysococcyx barnardt Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 20. (Coo-
mooboolaroo, Dawson River, Queensland.)
Chrysococcyx minutillus perplecus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912,
p. 38. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.)
Chrysococcyx minutillus melvillensis Zietz, South Austr. Orn., 1, 1914,
p. 14. (Melville Island.)
Melville Island, Kimberly district of northwestern Australia, Arnhem
Land, and northern Queensland south of the range of russatus.
Chalcites crassirostris (Salvadori)
Lamprococcyx crassirostris Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878,
p. 460. (Kei Islands, Goram, Amboina, Halmahera, Ternate, New
Guinea; type from Tual, Little Kei Island.)
Chalcococcyx Niewwenhuisi Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl.
Indié, 58, 1898, p. 196. (Halmahera.)
Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Buru, Ceram, Amboina, Goram;
Tenimber Islands; Kei Islands; Kisar; New Guinea. (Sorong.)
Chalcites ruficollis (Salvadori)
Lamprococcyx ruficollis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875,
p. 913. (Hatam, Arfak Mountains.)
Mountains of New Guinea, found only above 6000 feet.
Chalcites meyeri (Salvadori)
Chrysococcyx meyert Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 6, 1874, p. 82.
(New name for Chrysococcyx splendidus A. B. Meyer, 1874, not
Cuculus splendidus G. R. Gray which = Chrysococcyx cupreus (Shaw).
Hatam, Arfak Mountains.)
Mountains of New Guinea, found only above 3000 feet.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 35
Genus CALIECHTHRUS CaBanis AND HEINE
Caliechthrus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 31, note. New name for Simotes Blyth 1846 (not of Fischer,
1829, Mammalia). Type, by monotypy, Cuculus leucolophus 8.
Miiller.
cf. Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 225-226.
Caliechthrus leucolophus (S. Miiller)
Cuculus leucolophus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en
Volkenk., pt. 1, 1840, p. 22. (Lobo Bay, New Guinea.)
Salawati; all of New Guinea. Has been attributed to Misol and Waigeu,
apparently through error.
Genus SURNICULUS Lesson
Surniculus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 151. Type, by sub-
sequent designation, Cuculus lugubris Horsfield. (G. R. Gray, Cat.
Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 97.)
cf. Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 291-294.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 122.
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 340-341.
Surniculus lugubris dicruroides (Hodgson)
Pseudornis Dicruroides Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 8, 1839,
p. 136 and pl. ( Mountains of Nepal.)
Surniculus lugubris massorhinus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.,
14, 1924, p. 300. (Siak River, eastern Sumatra.)
Northern India eastward across Assam and southern China (north to
southern Yunnan and central Fukien), south to central India, Tenasserim,
Siam and Indochina; Hainan. Recorded from Sumatra, apparently as a
migrant.
Surniculus lugubris stewarti Stuart Baker
Surniculus lugubris stewarti Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 293.
(Ceylon.)
Travancore and the west coast of India north to Goa; Ceylon.
Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser
Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60,
1912, no. 7, p. 5. (Tana Bala Island, Batu Islands.)
Surniculus lugubris brachyurus Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913,
p. 340. (Bentong, Pahang, Malay States.)
Peninsular Burma and Siam south over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra;
Batu Islands; Nias Island (?); Rhio and Lingga Archipelagos; Banka;
Borneo.
36 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
?Surmiculus lugubris minimus Stuart Baker
Surniculus lugubris minimus Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 292.
(Iwahig, Palawan.)
Palawan and Balabac. Doubtfully separable from S. l. barussarum.
Surniculus lugubris lugubris (Horsfield)
Cuculus lugubris Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 179. (Java.)
Java and Bali.
Surniculus lugubris velutinus Sharpe
Surniculus velutinus Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc., Zool. (2), 1, 1877, p. 320.
(Malamaui, Philippines.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Negros, Mindanao, Mala-
maul, Basilan, Jolo, and Tawi Tawi.
Surniculus lugubris musschenbroeki A. B. Meyer
Surniculus musschenbroeki A. B. Meyer, Rowley’s Orn. Misc., 3, 1878,
p. 164. (Batjan, error = Celebes.)
Celebes.
GEeNus MICRODYNAMIS Satvapor1
Microdynamis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, p. 461.
Type, by monotypy, Eudynamis parva Salvadori.
cf. Salvadori, Orn. Pap. delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 371-372.
Microdynamis parva parva (Salvadori)
Eudynamis parva Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 986.
(Tidore ?, error = northwestern New Guinea.)
Lowland forests of southern and eastern New Guinea up to 1400 feet.
Microdynamis parva grisescens Mayr and Rand
Microdynamis parva grisescens Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit.,
no. 868, 1936, p. 1. (Madang, Astrolabe Bay, New Guinea.)
Northern New Guinea between Humboldt Bay and Astrolabe Bay.
GENUS EUDYNAMYS ! Vicors anp HoRSFIELD
Eudynamys Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, pt. 1,
1826, p. 303. Type, by subsequent designation, Cuculus orientalis
Linné. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 57.)
1 The arrangement adopted here is tentative; the plumages of these cuckoos
are not yet sufficiently known, nor are their wanderings or migrations which
result in two forms sometimes being present in the same locality. The best
authorities do not agree in all eases on the characters and distribution of certain
races.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 37
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 172-174;
7, 1930, p. 333.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 128.
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 230-232; 10, 1903, p. 235-239.
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 54-55.
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 377-380.
Penard, Auk, 36, 1919, p. 569-570.
Siebers, Treubia, 7, suppl., ivr. 5, 1930, p. 377-880.
Eudynamys scolopacea scolopacea (Linné)
Ouculus scolopaceus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Bengal.)}
India and Ceylon; Laccadive, Andaman and Nicobar (?) Islands.
Eudynamys scolopacea chinensis Cabanis and Heine
Eudynamis chinensis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 52, note. (Canton, China.)
Eudynamis scolopaceus [sic] enigmaticus [sic] Rothschild, Nov. Zool.,
33, 1926, p. 235. (Hills northwest of Tengyueh, 7000 feet, Yunnan.)
Eudynamys scolopacea sinensis ‘‘Cab.”’ Delacour, Ibis, 1928, p. 46.
(French Indochina.) Nomen nudum; lapsus.
Summer resident in western and southern China in provinces of Szech-
wan, Yunnan, Hupeh, Anhwei, Fukien, Kwangsi and Kwangtung;
Indochina.
Eudynamys scolopacea harterti Ingram
Eudynamis orientalis harterti Ingram, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 279.
(Hainan, types from Hoihow.)
Island of Hainan.
Eudynamys scolopacea simalurensis Junge
Eudynamis scolopacea simalurensis Junge, Temminckia, 1, 1936, p. 43,
pl. 3. (Sibigo Bay, Simalur Island.)
Islands of Simalur and Babi, Cocos Islands (north of Simalur).
Eudynamys scolopacea malayana Cabanis and Heine
Eudynamis malayana Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 52. (Sunda Islands and Sumatra.)
Assam, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Siam, Sumatra, Nias, Pagi Islands,
Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Java, Thousand Islands, Karimon Java,
Kangean Islands, Bawean, Borneo, Karimata Islands, Natuna Islands,
Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores.
?Eudynamys scolopacea paraguena Hachisuka
Eudynamys scolopacea paraguena Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3,
1934, p. 213. (Taguso, Palawan.)
Confined to the Islands of Palawan and Busuanga. Doubtfully distinct.
1 Replaces Eudynamys honorata (part) of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
38 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Eudynamys scolopacea mindanensis (Linné)
Cuculus mindanensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 169. (Philip-
pines, z.e. Mindanao.)
Eudynamis mindanensis var. sanghirensis Blasius, Ornis, 4, 1888, p. 566.
(Great Sangi Island.)
Eudynamys scolopacea onikakko Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934,
p. 214. (Calapan, Mindoro.)
All of the Philippine Islands except the Palawan Group; Sangir and
Talaut Islands.
?Eudynamys scolopacea frater McGregor
Endynamis [sic] frater McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 21.
(Calayan Island, Philippine Islands.)
Islands of Calayan and Fuga, Philippine Islands.!
Eudynamys scolopacea melanorhyncha S. Miller
Eudynamis melanorhynchus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl.,
Land-en Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 176. (Celebes.)
Celebes, Togian Islands and Peling.
Eudynamys scolopacea facialis Wallace
Eudynamis facialis Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862 (1863),
p. 339. (Sula Islands.)
Sula Islands.
Eudynamys scolopacea everetti Hartert
Eudynamis cyanocephala everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 231.
(Western Sumba.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumba, Alor, Timor, Wetar, Roma; Kei Islands;
Southeastern Islands.”
Eudynamys scolopacea corvina Stresemann
Eudynamis scolopacea corvina Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931,
p. 170. (Gamkonora, Halmahera.)
Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Moti, Batjan.
1 The status of frater is not understood; McGregor recorded both frater and
mindanensis from Calayan and Fuga though Hachisuka omits these islands
from the range of mindanensis. It is not possible to unite the two forms since
frater is very much larger than mindanensis, but I have not been able to make
comparison between the female of frater and the female of malayana, the
latter also a large race.
2 Siebers believes Hudynamys picata S. Miiller, 1843, is an earlier name for
this race which he records from Buru.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 39
Eudynamys scolopacea orientalis (Linné)
Cuculus orientalis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 168. (East
Indies = Amboina.)
Southern Moluccas: Buru, Manipa, Kelang, Ceram, Amboina; Watubela
Islands.
Eudynamys scolopacea salvadorii Hartert
Eudynamis orientalis salvadorti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 232.
(New Ireland; the type locality is not certainly correct.)}
New Ireland (7), New Britain, Duke of York Island, Rook Island.
Eudynamys scolopacea alberti Rothschild and Hartert
Eudynamis orientalis alberti Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14,
1907, p. 440. (Gizo, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: recorded from Choiseul, Gizo, Guadalcanar and
Malaita.
Eudynamys scolopacea rufiventer (Lesson)
Cuculus rufiventer Lesson, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Zool., 1, livr. 14, 1830, p. 622.
(New Guinea = Dorei [now Manokwari].)
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Batanta, Salawati, Misol; New
Guinea, except the part occupied by the next race; Traitor’s Island,
Dampier Island.
Eudynamys scolopacea minima van Oort
Eudynamis minima van Oort, Notes Leyden Mus., 34, 1911, p. 54.
(Noord River, New Guinea.)
Southern Dutch New Guinea, where it appears to be confined to the
Noord River.
Eudynamys scolopacea subcyanocephala Mathews
Eudynamys orientalis subcyanocephalus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1,
1912, p. 21. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.)
Northwestern Australia and western Queensland; occurs in winter in
southeastern New Guinea between the Fly River and Huon Gulf.
Eudynamys scolopacea cyanocephala (Latham)
Cuculus cyanocephalus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx.
(New Holland = New South Wales.)
Eudynamys flindersii Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London,
15, pt. 1, 1826, p. 305. (No locality = North coast of New Holland
ex Latham, Gen. Hist., 3, p. 308, no. 63.)
Northern Queensland to northern New South Wales.
1 Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 291-292.
40 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
GreNus URODYNAMIS Sa.vapor1
Urodynamis Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. [xv], p. 370.
Type, by original designation and monotypy, Cuculus taitensis
Sparrman.
cf. Bogert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 933, 1937, p. 1-12.
Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 425-428.
Urodynamis taitensis (Sparrman)
Cuculus taitensis Sparrman, Mus. Carls., fase. 2, 1787, pl. 32. (No
locality given; Tahiti, fixed as type locality by Rothschild and
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 12, 1905, p. 258.)
Urodynamis taitensis pheletes Wetmore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 30,
1917, p. 1. (Otago Province, New Zealand.)
Urodynamis taitensis belli Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1918, p. 24.
(Norfolk Island.)
Breeds in New Zealand: North Island, South Island, Little and Great
Barrier Islands, Kapiti Island, Stewart Island, Chatham Islands. Win-
ters chiefly in the Society, Samoa, Tonga and Fiji Islands; recorded from
the Palau, Caroline, Marshall, Gilbert, Cook and Marquesas Islands. On
migration recorded from New Caledonia, Erromanga, Kermadec Islands,
Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands; occasional on the Solomon Islands (Savo,
Malaita); accidental in the Bismarck Archipelago (Vuatom, Nissan).
Genus SCYTHROPS LatHam
Scythrops Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 141. Type, by monotypy,
Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham.
cf. Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 230-234.
Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham
Scythrops nove Hollandix Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 141. (New
Holland = New South Wales.)
Scythrops novaehollandiae neglectus Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912,
p. 297. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.)
Lesser Sunda Islands from Flores eastward; Talaut Islands; Celebes;
Tukang Besi Islands; the Moluccas; Tenimber and Kei Islands; Aru
Islands; New Guinea; Bismarck Archipelago; northern and eastern
Australia. It is not known whether it breeds throughout its range, but is
known to breed on Flores, Babar, Celebes, Vuatom and in parts of Aus-
tralia; migratory in southeastern Australia.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 41
SuBFAMILY PHAENICOPHAEINAE
Genus COCCYZUS VIEILLOT
Coccyzus Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 28. Type, by monotypy, ‘‘Coucou
de la Caroline” Buffon = Cuculus americanus Linné.
Micrococcyx Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 99. Type,
by original designation, Coccyzus pumilus Strickland.
cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zo6l. Ser., 13, no. 2, pt. 2, 1919,
p. 334-339.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1912, p. 10-42.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 302-313.
Coccyzus pumilus Strickland
Coccyzus pumilus Strickland, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn., 1852, p. 28,
pl. [83]. (Trinidad, error = Venezuela.)
Eastern slopes of the Colombian Andes (including the Santa Marta
Mts.) and the upper Orinoco Valley.
Coccyzus cinereus Vieillot
Coccyzus cinereus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 272.
(Paraguay.)
Paraguay, southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northern Argentina in
provinces of Tucuman, Cérdoba, Buenos Aires and Pampa.
Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson)
Cuculus erythropthalma [sic] Wilson, Am. Orn., 4, 1811, p. 16, pl. 28,
f. 2. (Near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.)
Breeds from southeastern Alberta, southern Manitoba, southern Quebec
and Prince Edward Island, south to Kansas, Arkansas, North Carolina
and the mountains of northern Georgia. Migrates through Central
America to winter quarters in northwestern South America, south to
eastern Peru.
Coccyzus americanus americanus (Linné)
Cuculus americanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Caro-
lina, 7.e. South Carolina.)
Coccyzus Julieni Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 8, 1864,
p. 42. (Island of Sombrero, Lesser Antilles.)
Breeds in North America from North Dakota, Minnesota, southern
Ontario and New Brunswick south to Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Louisiana
and the Florida Keys; probably breeds in the West Indies on islands of
Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Gonave, Puerto Rico and St. Croix. Migrates
1 Recorded from Argentina, but erroneously so, due to confusing this
species with the young of cinereus, fide Hartert, Nov. Zool., 16, 1909, p. 282.
42 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
through Mexico, Central America and the West Indies to winter quarters
in South America from Colombia and Venezuela to Uruguay and northern
Argentina.
Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway
Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bds., 1887,
p. 273. (Western United States = Santa Rita Mts., Arizona.)
Breeds from British Columbia south to southern Lower California,
Sinaloa and Chihuahua, east to central Colorado and western Texas.
Has been taken in Oaxaca and Costa Rica on migration, but winter range
not known.
Coccyzus euleri (Cabanis)
Coccygus Euleri Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 21, 1873, p. 72. (Cantagallo,
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.)
Coccygus lindeni Allen, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, 1876, p. 81. (Santarem,
Brazil.)
Orinoco Valley, British Guiana and Surinam, south to Matto Grosso
and S4o Paulo, east to Maranhdo and Bahia.
Coccyzus minor palloris Ridgway
Coccyzus minor palloris Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915,
p. 105. (Pigres, western Costa Rica.)
Pacific coast of Mexico and Central America from Nayarit to Chiriquf;
Tres Marias Islands.
Coccyzus minor continentalis van Rossem
Coccyzus minor continentalis van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 77,
1934, p. 389. (Voledn de Santa Ana, 4500 feet, Sonsonate, El Sal-
vador.)
Gulf and Caribbean coasts of Mexico and Central America, including
the islands off these coasts (except Cozumel), from Tamaulipas to Panama
(Coclé).
Coccyzus minor cozumelae van Rossem
Coccyzus minor cozumelae van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodél., 77,
1934, p. 390. (Cozumel Island.)
Confined to Cozumel Island, off the east coast of Yucatan.
Coccyzus minor maynardi Ridgway
Coccyzus maynardi Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bds., 1887, p. 274. (Baha-
mas and Florida Keys = Ten Thousand Islands, Florida.)
Southern coast of Florida from Anclote Keys southward, Florida Keys,
Bahama Islands; occasional in Cuba.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 43
Coccyzus minor caymanensis Cory
Coccyzus minor caymanensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zodl.
Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 336 and note b. (Island of Grand Cay-
man, West Indies.)
Cayman Islands: Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, Cayman Brac.
Doubtfully distinct from C. m. nesiotes.
Coccyzus minor nesiotes (Cabanis and Heine)
‘Coccygus nesiotes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 78, note. (Greater Antilles, wandering to Florida
in the summer = Jamaica, by designation of Cory, antea, p. 336,
note 1.)
Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles.
Coccyzus minor teres Peters
Coccyzus minor teres Peters, Proc. New England Zo@l. Cl., 9, 1927, p. 112.
(Sostia, Dominican Republic.)
Greater Antilles: Hispaniola, Gonave, Tortuga, fle A Vache, Beata,
Saona, Mona, Puerto Rico, Vieques, Culebra, Culebrita, Louis Pefia,
St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and St. Croix.
Coccyzus minor rileyi Ridgway
Coccyzus minor rileyt Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 105.
(Barbuda, Lesser Antilles.)
Lesser Antilles: Barbuda, Antigua.
Coccyzus minor dominicae Shelley
Coccyzus dominice Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 302 (in
key), p. 306, pl. 12, f. 1. (Islands of Dominica and Puerto Rico =
Dominica.)
Coccyzus minor shelley: Riley, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 47, 1904, p. 285.
New name for Coccyzus dominicae Shelley on grounds of preoccupa-
tion by Cuculus dominicus Linné [ = Coccyzus a. americanus (Linné)?].
Lesser Antilles: Montserrat, Guadeloupe and Dominica.
Coccyzus minor vincentis A. H. Clark
Coccyzus minor vincentis A. H. Clark, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32,
1905, p. 264. (Peter’s Hope, St. Vincent.)
Lesser Antilles: Martinique,! St. Lucia, St. Vincent.
1 Two specimens from Martinique in the M. C. Z. agree with the type of
vincentis and with skins from St. Lucia and St. Vincent, not with those of the
deeply colored race inhabiting Guadeloupe and Dominica.
44 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Coccyzus minor grenadensis Bangs
Coccyzus minor grenadensis Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 20, 1907,
p. 53. (Union Island, Grenadines, Lesser Antilles.)
Lesser Antilles: Bequia, Union, Carriacou, Grenada.
Coccyzus minor abbotti Stone
Coccyzus abbotti Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 301. (St.
Andrews Island, Caribbean Sea.)
Islands of Old Providence and St. Andrews. (In southwestern part of
Caribbean Sea about 150 miles off the east coast of Nicaragua.)
Coccyzus minor minor (Gmelin)
Cuculus minor Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 411. (Cayenne,
ex Daubenton, pl. 813.)
Northern South America: ‘‘Colombia”’ (trade skins), the Guianas,
“Brazil’’; Island of Trinidad.
Coccyzus minor ferrugineus Gould
Coccyzus ferrugineus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 18438, p. 105.
(Cocos Island.)
Confined to Cocos Island (in eastern Pacific Ocean, lat. 5° 32’ 57” N.,
long. 88° 02’ 10” W., northeastward from the Galdpagos).
Coccyzus melacoryphus Vieillot
Coccyzus melacoryphus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 271.
(Paraguay.)
South America from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, southward
over Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina south to
La Rioja, Cérdoba and Buenos Aires provinces; Island of Trinidad;
Galapagos Archipelago: Albemarle, Duncan, Indefatigable, Barrington,
Chatham, Charles; Gorgona Island.
Coccyzus lansbergi! Bonaparte
Coccyzus lansbergi Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 112. (Santa Fé
de Bogota.)
Colombia: Bogotaé trade skins, Santa Marta region; Venezuela;
western Ecuador. The Panama record is probably erroneous.
GeENus PIAYA LEsson
Piaya Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 139. Type, by original
designation, Cuculus cayanus Gmelin 7.e. Linné.
cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zodl. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919,
p. 339-345; 347.
1 Sometimes misspelled landsbergi.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 45
Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 319-322. (Colom-
bian forms.)
Junge, Zool. Mededeelingen, 19, 1937, p. 183-185. (Note on Bona-
parte’s types.)
MacDonagh, Notas Prelim. Mus. La Plata, 2, 1934, p. 51-64.
(Argentine forms).
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 42-57.
Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908 (1909), p. 492-501.
SusBGcenus ! HYETORNIS Sciater
Hyetornis Sclater, Cat. Am. Bds., 1862, p. xiii, 321. New name for
Ptiloleptis Bonaparte 1854, not Ptiloleptus Swainson 1837. Type,
by monotypy, Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin.?
Piaya rufigularis (Hartlaub)
Coccyzus rufigularis “Herz. v. Wurttemb.”’ Hartlaub, Naumannia, 1852,
Heft 2, p. 55. (Mountain forests of Spanish Santo Domingo 2.e.
Dominican Republic.)*
Hispaniola and Gonave Island.
Piaya pluvialis (Gmelin)
Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 411. (Jamaica.)
Jamaica.
Suspcenus PIAYA Lesson
Piaya cayana extima van Rossem
Piaya cayana extima van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 6,
1930, p. 210. (Guirocoba, southern Sonora, Mexico.)
Western Mexico in the arid tropical portions of southern Sonora and
northern Sinaloa.
Piaya cayana mexicana (Swainson)
Cuculus Mexicanus Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, 1827, p. 440.
(Temescaltepec, Mexico.)
1 There are no really trenchant external characters that warrant the con-
tinued generic separation of Hyetornis, Piaya and Coccycua and my belief
is that all three genera should be merged; there is however no objection to
retaining the three old genera as subgenera with the same limits as formerly.
2 Ptiloleptis was proposed by Bonaparte for Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin; on
account of Ptiloleptus Swainson [= Guira Lesson, 1830] Sclater rejected
Bonaparte’s name in favor of Hyetornis which has stood ever since. Under
the International Code Ptiloleptus and Ptiloleptis are different generic names,
but in this instance no complications need ensue, since G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds.,
3, 1849, app. p. 22, emended Ptiloleptus into Ptiloleptis, and this emendation
invalidates any later use of Ptiloleptis in a different sense (cf. Opinion no. 120
of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature).
3 Replaces Hyetornis fieldi Cory, 1895.
46 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Western Mexico from central Sinaloa and central-western Chihuahua
to Puebla and the Pacific side of the Isthmus of Tehudntepec.
Piaya cayana stirtoni van Rossem
Piaya cayana stirtoni van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 6,
1930, p. 209. (Mt. Cacaguatique, 4000 feet, Dept. San Miguel,
E] Salvador.)
Pacific slope of Central America from about the Guatemala-Salvador
boundary south to extreme northwestern Costa Rica.
Piaya cayana thermophila P. L. Sclater
Piaya thermophila P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 368.
(Tierra caliente of Mexico and in Guatemala = Jalapa, Vera Cruz,
Mexico.)
Piaya cayana incincta Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 72, 1932,
p. 324. (Permé, eastern Panama.)
Eastern Mexico from southern Tamaulipas southward; islands of Hol-
box, Meco and Mujeres; both slopes of Central America (except area on
the Pacific side occupied by stirtoni), from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec
and British Honduras to Darien.
Piaya cayana mesura (Cabanis and Heine)
Pyrrhococcyx mesurus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 83, note. (Bogotdé, Colombia.)
Eastern Colombia occurring on the eastern slopes of the Eastern Andes
and on both slopes of the Andes at the head of the Magdalena Valley;
eastern Ecuador.
Piaya cayana nigricrissa (Cabanis)
Pyrrhococcyx nigricrissa Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 169.
(Babahoyo or Esmeraldas, Ecuador.)
Piaya cayana cauce Stone, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908 (1909),
p. 495 (in key), p. 499. (Rio Cauca, Colombia.)
Western Colombia, extending to the eastern slopes of the Central Andes;
western Ecuador; northwestern and east-central Peru.
Piaya cayana mehleri Bonaparte
Piaya mehleri Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 110. (Santa Fé de
Bogota.)
Pyrrhococcyx columbianus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 170.
(Cartagena, Colombia.)
Northeastern Colombia south up the Magdalena Valley and down the
western slope of the Eastern Andes to Chicoral; eastward along the
northern coast of Venezuela to the Paria Peninsula.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 47
Piaya cayana circe Bonaparte
Piaya circe Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 110. (Colombia, error,
the type is from Caracas, Venezuela. cf. Junge, supra.)
Piaya cayana venezuelensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn.
Ser., 1, 1913, p. 284. (Orope, Zulia, Venezuela.)
Region south of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.
Piaya cayana insulana Hellmayr
Piaya cayana insulana Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 13, 1906, p. 43. (Chaguar-
anas, Trinidad.)
Confined to the Island of Trinidad.
Piaya cayana cayana (Linné)
Cuculus cayanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 170. (Cayenne.)
Orinoco Valley in eastern and southern Venezuela, eastward through the
Guianas and south to the Rio Negro and north bank of the lower Amazon.
?Piaya cayana boliviana Stone
Piaya cayana boliviana Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908
(1909), p. 495 (in key), p. 501. (Yungas, Bolivia.)
Chanchamayo Valley in east-central Peru southeastward into tropical
northern Bolivia. Perhaps not different from P. c. obscura.
Piaya cayana obscura Snethlage
Piaya obscura Snethlage, Journ. f. Orn., 56, Jan., 1908, p. 21. (Bom
Lugar and Monte Verde, upper Rio Purts, Brazil.)
Central Brazil south of the Amazon from the Rio Jurud eastward to
the Tapajé6z, south to the upper Gy-Parana.
Piaya cayana hellmayri Pinto
Piaya cayana hellmayri Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1937 (1938),
p. 173. (Tury-assi, Maranhdo.) Based on Piaya cayana subsp.
Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 434.
Brazil south of the Amazon from Santarem eastward to the mouth of
the Amazon (including Marajé Island) and the coast region of northern
Maranh4o.
Piaya cayana pallescens (Cabanis and Heine)
Pyrrhococcyx pallescens Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63
(1863), Heft 1, p. 86. (North Brazil = Bahia.)
Eastern Brazil in states of Piauhy, Pernambuco, northern part of
Bahia and adjacent parts of eastern Goyaz.
Piaya cayana cearae Cory
Piaya cayana ceare Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1,
1915, p. 304. (Jua, near Iguatu, Ceara, Brazil.)
Known only from the State of Ceara.
48 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Piaya cayana cabanisi J. A. Allen
Piaya cayana cabanisi J. A. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 5, 1893,
p. 136, excluding synonymy. (Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil.)
Central Matto Grosso and adjacent parts of Goyaz not extending much
below lat. 21°S.
Piaya cayana macroura Gambel
Piaya macroura Gambel, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (2), 1, 1849,
p. 215. (Surinam, error = Paraguay.)
Piaya cayana var. guarania von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 6, 1904,
p. 448. (Ourinho, Parané4, Brazil.)
Southeastern Brazil from Minas Geraés, southern Matto Grosso and
southern Bahia, southwestward; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina;
Uruguay.
Piaya cayana mogenseni Peters
Piaya cayana mogensent Peters, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5,
1926, p. 195. (Concepcidén, Tucuman, Argentina.)
Southern tropical Bolivia in provinces of Santa Cruz and Tarija, south-
ward into northwestern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, Salta and
Tucuman.
Piaya melanogaster melanogaster (Vieillot)
Cuculus melanogaster Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 236.
(Java, error = Cayenne by substitution of Berlepsch and Hartert,
Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 97.)
Eastern Venezuela eastward through the Guianas; eastern Ecuador;
Amazonian Brazil east to the Rio Negro and the Rio Madeira, south to
northern Matto Grosso.
Piaya melanogaster ochracea Cory
Piaya melanogaster ochracea Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn.
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 304. (Yurimaguas, Yane Yaca, Peru.)
Known definitely only from the type locality; birds recorded from
Chamicuros and Chyavetas may be referable here. Requires confirmation.
SuBGENus COCCYCUA LEsson
Coccycua Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 142. Type, by mon-
otypy, Cuculus monachus “Gal. du Mus.” i.e. Lesson = Coccyzus
minutus Vieillot.
Piaya minuta ! panamensis Todd
Piaya rutila panamensis Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, 1912, p. 212.
(Loma del Leon, Panama.)
Eastern Panama from the Canal Zone to Darien.
1 For reasons for discarding Cuculus rutilus Illiger, 1811 as the specific name,
in favor of Coccyzus minutus Vieillot, 1817, see Zimmer, Field Mus. Nat. Hist.
Publ., Zool. Ser., 17, 1930, p. 261-262.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 49
Piaya minuta gracilis (Heine)
Coccyzusa gracilis Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 356. (Ismeraldas,
Ecuador.)
Colombia west of the Eastern Andes; western Ecuador.
Piaya minuta minuta (Vieillot)
Coccyzus minutus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 275.
(No locality = Cayenne, ex Latham and Brisson.)
Piaya rutila orinocensis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916,
p. 393. (Sacupana, Orinoco Delta.)
Colombia, east of the range of gracilis, across Venezuela and the Guianas
south to Amazonian Peru and central Brazil to Matto Grosso and Goyaz.
Piaya minuta chaparensis Cherrie
Piaya rutila chaparensis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916,
p. 392. (Todos Santos, Rio Chaparé, Bolivia.)
Known only from the type locality.
Genus SAUROTHERA VIEILLOT
Saurothera Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 28. Type, by monotypy, “‘Coucou
a longbec”’ Buffon = Cuculus vetula Linné.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 57-66.
Saurothera merlini bahamensis Bryant
Saurothera bahamensis Bryant, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 9, 1864,
p. 280. (Nassau, New Providence Island, Bahamas.)
Bahama Islands: New Providence, Eleuthera.
Saurothera merlini andria G. S. Miller
Saurothera andria G. S. Miller, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 164. (Fresh Creek,
Andros Island, Bahamas.)
Bahama Islands: Andros.
Saurothera merlini merlini d’Orbigny
Saurothera merlini d’Orbigny, in La Sagra’s Hist. Fis. Pol. y Nat. de la
Isla de Cuba, Aves, 1839, p. 115.1 (Cuba.)
Cuba.
Saurothera merlini decolor Bangs and Zappey
Saurothera merlini decolor Bangs and Zappey, Am. Nat., 39, 1905,
p. 199. (La Vega, Isle of Pines.)
Isle of Pines.
1 P, 152 in the French ed.
50 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Saurothera vetula vetula (Linné)
Cuculus Vetula Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Jamaica.)
Jamaica.
Saurothera vetula petersi Richmond and Swales
Saurothera longirostris petersi Richmond and Swales, Proc. Biol. Soe.
Wash., 37, 1924, p. 105. (La Mahotiere, Gonave Island.)
Confined to Gonave Island, off the west coast of Haiti.
Saurothera vetula longirostris (Hermann)
Cuculus longirostris Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 186. (His-
paniola.)!
Hispaniola and adjacent island of Tortuga.
Saurothera vetula saonae Bond
Saurothera longirostris saonae Bond, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 85,
1933, p. 369. (Saona Island.)
Confined to Saona Island, off the southeastern end of Hispaniola.
Saurothera vetula vieilloti Bonaparte
Saurothera vieilloti Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 97. (Antilles.)
New name for Saurothera vetula Vieillot {not Cuculus vetula Linné),
Gal. Ois., pl. 38, Puerto Rico.
Puerto Rico; recorded from Vieques; of doubtful occurrence on St.
Thomas.
GEeNus CEUTHMOCHARES CaBanis AND HEINE
Ceuthmochares Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 60. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus aereus Vieillot.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 135-138.
C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 429-430.
Ceuthmochares aereus flavirostris (Swainson)
Zanclostomus flavirostris Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, Sept., 1837, p. 183.
(West Africa = Senegal apud Grant 1915.)
West Africa from Senegal and Liberia to Lagos.
Ceuthmochares aereus aereus (Vieillot)
Cuculus xreus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 229. (Mal-
imbe, Portuguese Congo.)
Benin district of Nigeria and western Cameroon south through Gaboon
to northern Angola; eastward extent not determined; Island of Fernando
Po.
1 Replaces Saurothera dominicensis Lafresnaye, 1847; vide Stresemann, Nov.
Zool., 27, 1920, p. 330.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 51
Ceuthmochares aereus intermedius Sharpe
Ceuthmochares intermedius Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, 17, 1884,
p. 432. (Semmio 7.e. Zémio, Ubangi-Shari.)
Central Africa from the Shari River eastward through the Bahr el
Ghazal to western Uganda and Lake Victoria, south to the Semliki Valley
and eastern Belgian Congo.
Ceuthmochares aereus australis Sharpe
Ceuthmochares australis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 609.
(Natal.)
Northeastern Uganda and the coastlands of Kenya Colony south
through Tanganyika Territory to Nyasaland and Natal.
GENus RHOPODYTES CaBanis AND HEINE
Rhopodytes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 61. Type, by subsequent designation, R. diardi = Melias
diardi Lesson (Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 604).
ef. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 176-181; 7,
1930, p. 334-335.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 131.
Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 184-186.
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 56-57.
Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 305-308.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 384-392.
Rhopodytes diardi diardi (Lesson)
Melias Diardi Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 132. (Java, error =
Sumatra.)
Malay Peninsula from about lat. 12° N., southward; Sumatra.
Rhopodytes diardi borneensis Salvadori
Melias borneensis Bonaparte, Consp. Vol. Zygod., 1854, p. 5. Nomen
nudum.
Rhopodytes borneensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 5, 1874, p. 72.
(Sarawak, Borneo.)
Borneo.
Rhopodytes sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles)
Cuculus Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822,
p. 287. (Hills of Sumatra.)
Tenasserim and Peninsular Siam south over the Malay Peninsula;
Sumatra; Rhio and Lingga Archipelagos; islands of Banka, Billiton and
Mendanau.
52 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Rhopodytes sumatranus minor Riley
Rhopodytes sumatranus minor Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 51, 1938,
p. 96. (Tanjong Batoe, Dutch East Borneo.)
Borneo; the birds from the North Natuna Islands may belong to this
form.
Rhopodytes tristis tristis (Lesson)
Melias tristis Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 132. (Sumatra,
error = Bengal, type locality selected by Robinson and Kloss, Ibis,
1919, p. 427.)
Rhopodytes tristis nigristriatus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47,
1926, p. 44. (Buxa Duars.)
Himalayas from Kumaon and Garhwal eastward to Assam and Bengal,
intergrading with the next race in northern Burma.
Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr
Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 306. (Chapa, Tonkin.)
Bhamo and the upper Chindwin district of Burma, southwestern Yun-
nan and Tonkin, southward to the mountains of northern Siam, northern
Laos and northern Annam; birds from southeastern Yunnan and Kwangsi
are doubtless referable to this race.
Rhopodytes tristis longicaudatus (Blyth)
Phoenicophaeus longicaudatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 10, 1841
(1842), p. 923. (Moulmein.)
Lower Burma, Siam and southern Annam, south to the Malay Penin-
sula, and Cochinchina.
Rhopodytes tristis hainanus Hartert
Rhopodytes tristis hainanus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 218.
(No-Tai, Hainan.)
Confined to the Island of Hainan.
Rhopodytes tristis elongatus (S. Miller)
Phoenicophaus elongatus S. Miiller, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Phys., 2,
1835, p. 342, pl. VIII, f. 5. (West Sumatra.)
Sumatra.
Rhopodytes tristis kangeangensis Vorderman
Rhopodytes kangeangensis Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl.-
Indié, 52, 1893, p. 188. (Kangean Island.)
Kangean Island.
1 The plate is erroneously referred to in the text as IV.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 53
Rhopodytes viridirostris (Jerdon)
Zanclostomus viridirostris Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 11, 1840,
p. 223. (Bottom of the Coonoor Pass.)
Southern India north to Ratnagiri on the west and to Orissa on the east;
Ceylon.
GreNnus TACCOCUA Lesson
Taccocua Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1880, p. 143. Type, by mon-
otypy, Taccocua leschenaultii Lesson.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 185-188; 7,
1930, p. 337.
Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934,
p. 526-527.
Taccocua leschenaultii sirkee (J. E. Gray)
Centropus sirkee J. E. Gray, in Hardwicke’s Illustr. Ind. Zool., 1, pt. 6,
1831, pl. 28. (No locality = Cawnpore.)
Plains of northwestern India south to Mhow and eastward at least to
Cawnpore; not ascending above 4000 feet in the west Himalayan foothills.
Taccocua leschenaultii infuscata Blyth
Taccocua infuscata Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 200.
(Sub-Himalayan region; type from the Terai region near Darjeeling.)
Himalayan Terai from Kumaon to Bhutan Duars, in the west inter-
grading with 7’. |. sirkee about Gahrwal.
Taccocua leschenaultii affinis Blyth
Taccocua affinis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 19. (Raj-
mahal and Monghyr Hills.)
Bihar, Orissa, Bengal and western Assam.
Taccocua leschenaultii leschenaultii Lesson
Taccocua Leschenaultii Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 144.
(India = Madras.)
Indian Peninsula south of a line from the Tapti River on the west to the
Vizagatapam Hills on the east.
GENUS RHINORTHA Vicors
Rhinortha Vigors, Mem. Raffles, 1830, p. 671. Type, by monotypy,
Cuculus chlorophaeus Raffles.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 183-185.
Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 27-29.
Rhinortha chlorophaea chlorophaea (Raffles)
Cuculus chloropheus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822,
p. 288. (Forests of Sumatra.)
54 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Northern Tenasserim and adjacent parts of western Siam southward
over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Banka.
Rhinortha chlorophaea fuscigularis Stuart Baker
Rhinortha chlorophxa fuscigularis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl.,
39, 1919, p. 77. (Sarawak, Borneo.)
Borneo and the north Bornean Islands.
Genus ZANCLOSTOMUS Swainson
Zanclostomus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, June, 1837, p. 323. Type, by
monotypy, Z. javanicus Horsf. = Phoenicophaus javanicus Horsfield.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 175-176;
7, 1930, p. 334.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 9, 1934, p. 94-95.
Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Kloss
Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed.
Malay States Mus., 10, 1921, p. 203. (Kedah Peak, 2500-3500 feet,
Malay States.)
Tenasserim (north to Tavoy) and southwestern Siam south over the
Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Borneo.
Zanclostomus javanicus javanicus (Horsfield)
Phenicophaus Javanicus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13,
pt. 1, 1821, p. 178. (Java.)
Java.
Zanclostomus javanicus natunensis Chasen
Zanclostomus javanicus natunensis Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 9,
1934, p. 94. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.)
Natuna Islands.
Genus RHAMPHOCOCCYX Casanis aND HEINE!
Rhamphococcyx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863),
Heft 1, p. 65. Type, by subsequent designation, R. calorhynchus =
Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus Temminck (Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc.
London, 1873, p. 605.)
cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 182-133.
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., 1, pt. 1, 1909, p. 387.
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 225-230.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 896-401.
1 Includes Rhinococcyx Sharpe, 1873, Dryococcyx Sharpe, 1877 and Uro-
coccyx Shelley, 1891.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 55
Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus calyorhynchus (Temminck)
Phenicophxus calyorhynchus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 59, 1825, pl. 349.
(Celebes.)
Northern Celebes; Togian Islands.
Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus centralis Riley
Rhamphococcyz centralis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918, p. 156.
(Rano Lindoe, Celebes.)
Central Celebes.
Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus meridionalis Meyer and Wiglesworth
Rhamphococcyzx calorhynchus meridionalis Meyer and Wiglesworth, Abh.
Ber. Mus. Dresden, 6, 1896-97 (1896), no. 2, p. 11. (Southern
Celebes.)
Southern Celebes.
Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus rufiloris (Hartert)
Phoenicophaus calorhynchus rufiloris Hartert, Nov. Zool., 10, 1903,
p. 24. (Buton.)
Island of Buton, off southeastern Celebes.
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris erythrognathus (Bonaparte)
Phaenicophaeus erythrognathus ‘““Temm.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1,
1850, p. 98. (Sumatra.)
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris singularis Parrot, Abh. K. Bay. Akad.
Wiss. Miinchen, Math.-Phys. K1., 24, 1907, p. 186. (Sumatra.)
Mergui Archipelago, northern Tenasserim and Peninsular Siam, south
over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, Banka, Anamba Islands.
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris oeneicaudus (Verreaux and Verreaux)
Phenicophzus wneicaudus J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2),
7, 1855, p. 357. (Ceylon, error = Mentawi Islands, cf. Salvadori,
Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1894, p. 590.)
Islands off southwestern Sumatra: Siberut, Sipora, North and South
Pagi Islands.
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris curvirostris (Shaw)
Cuculus curvirostris Shaw, Nat. Misc., 21, 1810, pl. 905 and text.
(“Probably a native of India” = western Java.)
Western and central Java.
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris deningeri (Stresemann)
Phoenicophaés curvirostris deningeri Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913,
p. 347. (Tegal, 1500 feet, Bali.)
Eastern Java; Bali.
56 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris borneensis Blasius and Nehrkorn
Rhamphococcyx erythrognathus var. borneensis Blasius and Nehrkorn,
Jahresb. Ver. Naturwiss. Braunschweig, 1880-81 (1881), p. 125.
(Jambusan, Sarawak, Borneo.)!
Borneo, north Bornean Islands, Natuna Islands.
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris harringtoni (Sharpe)
Dryococcyx Harringtont Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Zool. (2),
1, 1877, p. 321, f. 1. (Balabac, Philippine Islands.)
Confined to the Palawan group of the Philippines: Calamianes Islands,
Palawan, Balabac.
GrNus PHAENICOPHAEUS STEPHENS ?
Phenicopheus Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 58.
Type, Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant.*
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 182-183; 7,
1930, p. 335-336.
Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus (Pennant)
Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p. 6, pl. 6.
(Ceylon.)
India in extreme southern Travancore; Ceylon.
GreNus DASYLOPHUS Swainson
Dasylophus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 324. Type, by mon-
otypy, D. superciliosus Sw. = Phoenicophaus superciliosus Dumont.
cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 388.
Dasylophus superciliosus (Dumont)
Pheznicophaus superciliosus ‘“Cuv.’’ Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd.
Levrault, 28, 1823, p. 451. (Philippines.)
Northern Philippine Islands: Luzon, Polillo, Catanduanes, Marinduque.
1 Replaces Phoenicophaes microrhinus Berlepsch, 1895.
2 Replaces Phoenicophaés [recte Phoenicophaus] Vieillot of Sharpe’s Hand-
list and most authors.
3 The type of Phoenicophaus Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 27 is Cuculus
pyrrhocephalus Gmelin i.e. Pennant, by monotypy. Phaenicophaeus Stephens
as originally constituted contained three species: — Cuculus pyrrhocephalus
Gmelin, i.e. Pennant, Ph. leucogaster Stephens [= Cuculus pyrrhocephalus
Pennant], and Ph. tricolor Stephens [= Cuculus curvirostris Shaw]. I cannot
find that Phaenicophaeus Stephens has ever had a type designated; I therefore
designate Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Gmelin [= Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant]
as such.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 57
Genus LEPIDOGRAMMUS REIcHENBACH
Lepidogrammus Reichenbach, Av. Syst. Nat., 1849, pl. xlvii. Figure
of generic details, no species included. Type, by subsequent designa-
tion, Phoenicophaus cumingi Fraser (Bonaparte, Consp. Vol. Zygod.,
1854, p. 5.)!
cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 388-389.
Lepidogrammus cumingi (Fraser)
Phenicophaus Cumingi Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839, p. 112.
(Luzon, Philippine Islands.)
Confined to the islands of Luzon and Marinduque, Philippine Islands.
SUBFAMILY CROTOPHAGINAE
Genus CROTOPHAGA LInNE
Crotophaga Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 105. Type, by mon-
otypy, Crotophaga ani Linné.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 90-102.
Crotophaga major Gmelin
Crotophaga major Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 363. (Cayenne.)
Crotophaga major ivahensis Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist.
Nat., 5, 1926, p. 135. (Salto de Ubd, Rio Ivahy, Parand, Brazil.)?
Eastern Panama south over the greater part of tropical South America
east of the Andes to northern Argentina; casually to La Rioja and Buenos
Aires; Trinidad.
Crotophaga ani Linné
Crotophaga Ani Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 105. (America,
Africa = Jamaica.)
Bahama Islands; Greater and Lesser Antilles; islands of Holbox, Cozu-
mél and Ruatdén; Corn Islands; Swan Island; Panama; Pearl Islands;
Margarita Island; Trinidad; South America south on the west coast to
Ecuador, east of the Andes to western and northern Argentina (La Rioja
and Chaco), Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul.
Crotophaga sulcirostris pallidula Bangs and Penard
Crotophaga sulcirostris pallidula Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zobl., 64, 1921, p. 365. (San José del Cabo, Lower California.)
Lowlands of the Cape district of Lower California.
1 See Opinion 46, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.
2 Perhaps a valid race, but founded on insufficient material with no attempt
to work out the distribution.
58 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Crotophaga sulcirostris sulcirostris Swainson
Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, 1827, p. 440.
(Temascaltepec, Mexico.)
Tropical zone from southern Sonora on the west and the lower Rio
Grande Valley on the east, southward over Mexico, Central America,
and northern South America to the coast of Peru on the west and eastward
to British Guiana; islands of Holbox, Mujeres and Cozumél off Yucatan;
Curacao; Trinidad.
Genus GUIRA Lesson
Guira Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 149. Type, by monotypy
and tautonymy, Cuculus guira Latham 7.e. Gmelin.
cf. Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 483-434.
Guira guira (Gmelin)
Cuculus Guira Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 414. (Brazil.)
Southeastern Bolivia, southern Matto Grosso and islands at the mouth
of the Amazon, southward over all eastern Brazil to Argentina (Mendoza
and Bahia Blanca) and Uruguay. Erroneously recorded from Chile.?
SuBFAMILY NEOMORPHINAE
Genus TAPERA THUNBERG 2
Tapera Thunberg, Gétheborgs Kongl. Wett. och Witt. Samh. Nya
Handl., 3, 1819, p. 1. Type, by monotypy, Tapera brasiliensis Thun-
berg = Cuculus naevius Linné.
cf. Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 62, 1918, p. 50.
Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919,
p. 349-350.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 66-70.
Tapera naevia excellens (Sclater)
Diplopterus excellens Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1857 (1858),
p. 229. (Southern Mexico.)
Diplopterus mexicanus ‘‘Verr. MS.” Sclater, t.c., p. 230. (Mentioned as
the manuscript name proposed by J. Verreaux but rejected by Sclater
on account of Dromococcyx mexicanus Bonaparte.)
Southeastern Mexico from Vera Cruz and Oaxaca southward over
western Central America to the Canal Zone.
Tapera naevia naevia (Linné)
Cuculus nevius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 170. (Cayenne.)
1 See Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 19, 1932, p. 253.
2 Replaces Diplopterus Boie, 1826, of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 59
Tapera brasiliensis Thunberg, Gétheborgs Kong]. Wett. och Witt.
Samh. Nya Handl., 3, 1819, p. 1. (Brazil.)}
Northern South America south to western Ecuador, northern Peru, the
lower Rio Madeira, Goyaz and Bahia; Margarita Island; Trinidad.
Tapera naevia chochi (Vieillot)
Coccyzus chochi Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 272.
(Paraguay.)
Southern Brazil from central Matto Grosso (probably also adjacent
portions of Bolivia) and Sao Paulo south to northern Argentina as far as
the provinces of La Rioja, Cérdoba and Entre Rios; apparently not re-
corded from Uruguay.
GENUS MOROCOCCYX Sc.LaTER
Morococcyz Sclater, Cat. Am. Bds., 1862, p. 322. Type, by monotypy,
Coccyzus erythropyga Lesson.
cf. Griscom, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 64, 1932, p. 219.
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 70-74.
Morococcyx erythropygus dilutus van Rossem
Morococcyx erythropygus dilutus van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.,
51, 1938, p. 170. (San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico.)
Western Mexico from southern Sinaloa (Mazatlan) south to Colima.
Morococcyx erythropygus simulans van Rossem
Morococcyx erythropygus simulans van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.,
51, 1938, p. 170. (Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.)
State of Guerrero, Mexico.
Morococcyx erythropygus mexicanus Ridgway
Morococcyx erythropygus mexicanus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.,
28, 1915, p. 105. (Juchitén, Oaxaca, Mexico.)
Western portion of the State of Oaxaca eastward to the Isthmus of
Tehuantepec (Chivela and Juchitan.)
Morococcyx erythropygus erythropygus (Lesson)
Coccyzus erythropyga Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1842, p. 210. (San Carlos,
Central America.)
Arid tropical zone of Central America from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec
(Tapanatepec) to northern Costa Rica.
Morococcyx erythropygus macrourus Griscom
Morococcyzx erythropygus macrourus Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 414,
1930, p. 2. (Progreso, Guatemala.)
1 For an account of the types of birds described by Thunberg, ef. Lonnberg,
Ibis, 1903, p. 238-242.
60 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Guatemala, in the arid portion of the Motagua Valley from Gualan to
Progreso. Not to be distinguished with certainty in every case from
M. e. erythropygus.
GrENus DROMOCOCCYX Wiep
Dromococcyx Wied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 4, 1832, p. 351. Type, by
monotypy, Macropus phastanellus Spix.
Geophilus Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 43. Type,
by monotypy, Geophilus jasijatere Bertoni = Macropus phasianellus
Spix.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 85-90.
van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 77, 1934, p. 391.
Dromococcyx phasianellus rufigularis Lawrence
Dromococcyx rufigularis Lawrence, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1867,
p. 233. (Guatemala.)
Southeastern Mexico from Vera Cruz, Oaxaca and Yucatan south over
tropical Central America to Colombia.
Dromococcyx phasianellus phasianellus (Spix)
Macropus phasianellus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 53, pl. 42. (Tonan-
tins, Brazil.)
Geophilus jasijatere Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901,
p. 43. (Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay.)
South America, where recorded from Bolivia, and Brazil south of the
Amazon from the Rio Madeira to the Rio Parnahyba, south to Matto
Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; recorded also from north of
the Amazon from Barra do Rio Negro, Brazil, and from San Esteban,
Venezuela.
Dromococcyx pavoninus Pelzeln
Dromococcyx pavoninus ‘“Natterer” Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870,
p. 270. (Araguay, Engenho do Gama and Arimani, Brazil.)
Dromococcyx pavonicus ‘‘Pelz.,’’ Dabbene, An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires
(8), 11, 1910, p. 425. (Lapsus.)
Distribution not thoroughly worked out, but recorded from the Guianas,
eastern Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil from the Rio Branco and Rio Negro
south to Matto Grosso, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro; Paraguay; Misiones.
GENus GEOCOCCYX WaGLER
Geococcyx Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1831, col. 524. Type, by monotypy,
Geococcyx variegata Wagler = Saurothera californiana Lesson.
cf. Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, 1934, p. 457-467.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 1916, pt. 7, p. 74-83.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 61
Geococcyx californiana (Lesson)
Saurothera californiana Lesson, Comp]. Oeuvres Buffon,! 6, 1829, p. 420.
(California. )
Southern portions of the western United States from the upper Sacra-
mento Valley in California, southern Utah, Colorado and southwestern
Kansas, eastward to the Gulf coast of Texas, south to Lower California
and over the Mexican tableland to Michoacan, Puebla and Vera Cruz.
Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore
Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist.,
7, 1934, p. 459. (Guirocoba, Sonora.)
Arid tropical zone of western Mexico from southern Sonora to the
Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
Geococcyx velox velox (Wagner)
Cuculus velox Wagner, Gelehr. Anz., Miinchen, 3, 1836, col. 96. (Mex-
ico = outskirts of Mexico City.)
East-central Mexico in states of Mexico and Vera Cruz. This, or some
other race also occurs in states of Michoacan, Morelos and Puebla.
Geococcyx velox affinis Hartlaub
Geococcyx affinis Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 215. (Guatemala.)
Arid subtropical zone of El Salvador and western Guatemala; birds
from Chiapas are probably of this form.
Geococcyx velox pallidus Carriker and de Schauensee
Geococcyx velox pallidus Carriker and de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Phila., 87, 1935, p. 426. (Gualan, Motagua Valley, Guatemala.)
Semi-arid lowlands of Yucatan and eastern Guatemala.
Geococcyx velox longisignum Moore
Geococcyx velox longisignum Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist.,
7, 1934, p. 464. (Comayabuela, Honduras.)
Honduras and northern Nicaragua; chiefly in the arid interior above
3000 feet.
GEeNus NEOMORPHUS G.uocGer
Neomorphus Gloger, Froriep’s Notizen, 16, 1827, col. 278, note. Type,
by original designation and monotypy, Coccyzus geoffroyt Temminck.
cf. Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 5-7.
Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919,
p. 347-348.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 83-85.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 415-419.
1 Title cited by Sherborn as ‘““H. N. Mamm. Ois. depuis 1788.”
62 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Neomorphus geoffroyi salvini Sclater
Neomorphus salvini Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 60, pl. 5.
(Veraguas, Panama.)
Tropical zone of Central America from Nicaragua to Panama, extending
down the Pacific coast of Colombia.
Neomorphus geoffroyi aequatorialis Chapman
Neomorphus salvini xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67,
1923, p. 5. (Huilea, 4000 feet, eastern slope of the Eastern Andes,
west of Macas, Ecuador.)
Tropical zone of eastern Ecuador.
Neomorphus geoffroyi australis Carriker
Neomorphus geoffroyi australis Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
87, 1935, p. 316. (Huanay, 1500 feet, Rio Mapiri, Dept. La Paz,
Bolivia.)
Northwestern Bolivia in Dept. of La Paz. Birds intermediate between
this form and typical geoffroyi are recorded from Huacamayo, Dept.
of Puno, Peru. (Carriker, loc. cit.)
Neomorphus geoffroyi geoffroyi (Temminck)
Coccyzus geoffroyt Temminck, PI. col., livr. 2, 1820, pl. 7. (No locality;
Bahia suggested as type locality by Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 12, 1905,
p. 298; since the original description and plate do not agree with
Bahia specimens, I designate the vicinity of the city of Para, Brazil,
as type locality.)
Brazil south of the Amazon; recorded from the Rio Madeira (Calama
and Maruins), Rio Tocantins, region about Parad, and northwestern
Maranh4o (Tury-asst).
Neomorphus geoffroyi dulcis Snethlage
Neomorphus dulcis Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 80. (Lagéa
Juparan4, Fazenda Santa Ana, Espirito Santo, Brazil.)
Eastern Brazil in states of Bahia (Rio Jagoaripe, Rio Belmonte, Serra
do Palhio, Rio Gongogy), Espirito Santo, Minas Geraés (Rio Matipés)
and Rio de Janeiro (Cantagallo).!
Neomorphus squamiger Todd
Neomorphus squamiger Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 112.
(Colonia do Mojuy, Santarem, Brazil.)
Known only from the lower Rio Tapajéz in central Brazil (Santarem,
Tauary, Boim.)?
1 Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 8, 1851, p. 212, records some form of
N. geoffroyi from the Rio Araguaya, Goyaz.
2 This form is probably conspecific with N. geoffroyi, but the distribution
of both squamiger and geoffroyi on the southern affluents of the Amazon in
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 63
Neomorphus radiolosus Sclater and Salvin
Neomorphus radiolosus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London,
1878, p. 439, pl. 27. (‘Intaj” 7.e. Intac, Ecuador.)
Northwestern Ecuador.
Neomorphus rufipennis rufipennis (G. R. Gray)
Cultrides rufipennis G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1849, p. 63,
pl. 10. (“Supposed to be a native of Mexico,” error = lower Orinoco
River, Venezuela.)
Region of the lower Orinoco River in Venezuela.
Neomorphus rufipennis nigrogularis Chapman
Neomorphus nigrogularis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33,
1914, p. 194. (Foot of Mt. Duida, 700 feet, Venezuela.)
British Guiana and the upper Orinoco River in Venezuela and extreme
northern Brazil in the Rio Branco region.
Neomorphus pucheranii pucheranii (Deville)
Cultrides Pucheranii Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 3, 1851, p. 211.
(“L’Ucayale et 1’Amazone” = Rio Yaguas, Peru.)!
Neomorphus napensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 5.
(Junction of the Rio Curaray with the Rio Napo, Ecuador.)
Amazonian Ecuador and Peru north of the Amazon, eastward to
western Brazil on the north bank of the Solimoés.
Brazil is so imperfectly known, that it is perhaps safer to regard it as a dis-
tinct species for the present.
1 Neomorphus pucheranii was named from two specimens taken on Castel-
nau’s expedition; both cotypes were figured in ‘‘Anim. Nouv. ou rare rec. . ...
dans L’Amér. du Sud” Ois. 1855, pls. 6 and 7. Pl. 6 represents the bird later
named lepidophanes by Todd and believed by Deville to be the adult, while
pl. 7 is the type of bird that Chapman called napensis, which Deville thought
represented the “jeune Age.’’ Thus pucheranii is a composite, the two cotypes
representing distinct subspecies. It therefore becomes necessary to restrict the
name pucheranii to one or the other. Dr. Hellmayr, who kindly gave me con-
siderable information on the two cotypes, which are still in the Paris Museum,
is of the opinion that the name should be fixed onto the specimen which was
supposed to represent the adult; such a course would result in the subspecies
being called N. p. pucheranii and N. p. napensis with lepidophanes becoming
a synonym of the former. It would seem to me however that Todd was the
first to discover that there was a second form closely allied to pucheranii in
upper Amazonia and that he is entitled to be called the first reviser since in
describing lepidophanes he distinctly states ‘this species finds its nearest ally
in N. pucheranii (Deville) of upper Amazonia.”” Now according to Hellmayr
(in litt.) the “jeune Age’’ specimen that I consider represents pucheranii under
the first reviser rule came from Santa Maria, Peru (i.e. Santa Maria de las
Yaguas on the Rio Yaguas, a southern tributary of the Putumayo) and there-
fore I designate the Rio Yaguas as the type locality of Cultrides pucherani
Deville.
64 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Neomorphus pucheranii lepidophanes Todd
Neomorphus lepidophanes Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 112.
(Nova Olinda, Rio Purits, Brazil.)
Amazonian Peru and Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Ucayali to
the left bank of the Puris.
Grnus CARPOCOCCYX G. R. Gray
Calobates Temminck, PI. col., livr. 91, 1832, pl. 538. Type, by mon-
otypy, Calobates radiceus Temminck. Not Calobates Kaup, 1829.
Carpococcyx G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 56. New name for
Calobates Temminck, not of Kaup.!
cf. Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1831, p. 190-191.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 414-415.
Carpococcyx radiceus radiceus (Temminck)
Calobates radiceus? Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 91, 1832, pl. 538. (Pon-
tianak district, western Borneo.)
Borneo.
Carpococcyx radiceus viridis Salvadori
Carpococcyx viridis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1879, p. 187.
(Mt. Singalan, eastern Sumatra.)
Sumatra.
Carpococcyx renauldi Oustalet
Carpococcyx Renauldi Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 2, 1896,
p. 314. (Province of Quang-tri, Annam.)
Southern and eastern Siam; all French Indochina except Tonkin.
SuBFAMILY COUINAE
Genus COUA Scuinz?
Coua Schinz, Das Thierreich, 1, 1821, p. 661. Type, by monotypy,
Cuculus madagascariensis Gmelin = Cuculus gigas Boddaert.*
cf. Delacour, L’Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 2, 1932, p. 45-48; 85.
Sclater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 188-189.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 405-413.
1 Gray renamed Calobates Temminck because it was “similar to a word
used in entomology”’; he overlooked Calobates Kaup, apparently having in
mind only Calobata Meigen, 1803, Diptera.
2 This is the original spelling; Temminck wrote it radiatus in Tabl. Méth.,
1838, p. 53, and the latter name is often used.
3 Includes Cochlothraustes Cabanis and Heine.
* While sometimes credited to Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1816, p. 425, this genus
was employed by him only in the vernacular, ‘‘les Couas’’; Coua Oken, 1817,
is a nomen nudum.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 65
Coua delalandei (Temminck)
Coccycus [sic] Delalandei Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 74, 1827, pl. 440.
(Madagascar. )
Formerly occurred on the island of Sainte Marie and opposite mainland
of eastern Madagascar, probably from the head of Antongil Bay southward
to Tamatave. Now extirpated on the former island and said to be confined
only to a few patches of forest between Fito and Maroantsetra.'
Coua gigas (Boddaert)
Cuculus gigas Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, pl. 50. (Madagascar,
based on Daubenton, Pl. enlum., no. 815.)
Western and southern Madagascar from Bombetoke Bay to the Man-
drare River.
Coua coquereli Grandidier
Coua Coquereli Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 391.
(Morondava, Madagascar.)
Western Madagascar from Port Radama south to Saint Augustin Bay.
Coua serriana Pucheran
Coua Serriana Pucheran, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 51. (Madagascar.)
Forests of northeastern Madagascar from Sambava south to the Sianaka
Forest.
Coua reynaudii Pucheran
Coua Reynaudit Pucheran, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 51. (Madagascar.)
Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar from Maromandia
on the northwest coast to Manombo on the southeast.
Coua cursor Grandidier
Coua cursor Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 391.
(Cape Sainte Marie and Machikora, Madagascar.)
Arid portions of southwestern Madagascar from Lake Iotry to Cape
Sainte Marie.
Coua ruficeps ruficeps G. R. Gray
Coua ruficeps G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 2, 1846, p. [454], col. pl. CXV.
(Madagascar and the eastern side of Africa.)
Northwestern Madagascar from the Betsiboka River (perhaps from
Narinda Bay) southwestward to the Manambao River.
1 Lavauden, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris (2), 4, 1932, p. 639-640.
Lavauden’s information however was obtained from native hunters and he
himself never examined a specimen nor saw one alive.
66 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Coua ruficeps olivaceiceps (Sharpe)
Sericosomus olivaceiceps Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 615.
(Southwestern Madagascar. )
Southwestern Madagascar, south of the range of C. r. ruficeps, to
Ampotaka.
Coua cristata cristata (Linné)
Cuculus cristatus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Mada-
gascar.)
Northern and eastern Madagascar, southward on the west coast to the
region opposite Nosy Bé (intergrading with C. c. dumonti in the region
about Narinda Bay), and on the east coast to Farafangana.
Coua cristata dumonti Delacour
Coua cristata dumonti Delacour, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 1,
1931, p. 475. (Tsiandro, Antzingy, Madagascar.)
Western Madagascar from Majunga to Morondava.
Coua cristata pyropyga Grandidier
Coua pyropyga Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 392.
(Southwestern coast of Madagascar.)
Southwestern Madagascar from south of Morondava to Cape Sainte
Marie.
Coua verreauxi Grandidier
Coua Verreauxt Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 417.
(Cape Sainte Marie, Madagascar.)
Sandy deserts of southwestern Madagascar from Tulear to Cape Sainte
Marie.
Coua caerulea (Linné)
Cuculus ceruleus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Mada-
gascar.)
Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar from Anorontsanga
and Maromandia to Manombo.
SUBFAMILY CENTROPODINAE
Genus CENTROPUS IL1icEeR
Centropus Illiger, Prodromus, 1811, p. 205. Type, by subsequent desig-
nation, Cuculus aegyptius Gmelin. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840,
p. 56.)
Megacentropus Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. Type, by
original designation, Centropus cupreicaudus Reichenow.
Grillia Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. Type, by original
designation and virtual tautonymy, Centropus grillii Hartlaub.!
1 The dismemberment of the genus Centropus appears to be inadvisable;
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 67
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 189-195; 7,
1930, p. 337-338.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 120-134.
Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 83, 1931, p. 33-35 (races of
superciliosus).
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 158, 1930, p. 276-285 (races of
monachus and superciliosus).
C. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 419-428 (review of African species).
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 152-153 (types in Tring).
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 380-386.
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 2138-225.
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 331-367.
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 336-339 (review of bengalensis) ;
20, 1913, p. 321-324 (review of sinensis).
van Someren, Nov. Zool., 37, 1932, p. 274-275.
Centropus milo albidiventris Rothschild
Centropus albidiventris Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 59.
(Gizo, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Gizo and Rendova.
Centropus milo milo Gould
Centropus Milo Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1856, p. 136. (Guadal-
canar, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Florida and Guadalcanar.
Centropus goliath Bonaparte
Centropus goliath “‘Forsten” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 108.
(Halmahera.)
Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Batjan, Obi; Ternate (?).
Centropus violaceus Quoy and Gaimard
Centropus violaceus Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 229; Atlas, Ois., pl. 19. (Carteret Harbor, New Ireland.)
New Ireland and New Britain.
Centropus menbeki menbeki Lesson and Garnot
Centropus Menbeki Lesson and Garnot, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Atlas, 1828,
pl. 33; Zool., 1, livr. 18, 1829, p. 600.1 (New Guinea = Dorey [now
Manokwar'i].)
Western Papuan Islands: Batanta, Salawati, Misol; all of New Guinea.
additional synonyms are Polophilus Leach, 1814, Corydonyx Vieillot, 1816,
Nesocentor Cabanis and Heine, 1863, Centrococcyx Cabanis and Heine, 1863,
Pyrrhocentor Cabanis and Heine, 1863.
1 The specific name is spelled menebiki in the text, and menebikii on the
table of plates accompanying the Atlas.
68 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Centropus menbeki jobiensis Stresemann and Paludan
Centropus menbeki jobiensis Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38,
1932, p. 236. (Jobi.)
Confined to the Island of Jobi.
Centropus menbeki aruensis (Salvadori)
Nesocentor aruensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 12, 1878, p. 317.
(Aru Islands.)
Aru Islands.
Centropus ateralbus Lesson
Centropus ateralbus Lesson, Bull. Univ. Sci. Industr., 8, sect. 2 (Bull.
Sci. Nat. Geol.), 1826, p. 113. (New Ireland.)
New Ireland and New Britain.
Centropus chalybeus (Salvadori)
Nesocentor chalybeus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 915.
(Misori.)
Islands of Biak (formerly called Misori) and Numfor (?).
Centropus phasianinus propinquus Mayr
Centropus phasianinus propinquus Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939,
1937, p. 4. (Ifar, Sentani Lake, New Guinea.)
Probably inhabits the entire coast of northern New Guinea between the
Mamberano River and Astrolabe Bay.
Centropus phasianinus nigricans (Salvadori)
Polophilus nigricans Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 9, 1876, p. 17.
(Yule Island and Naiabui, New Guinea.)
Southern coast of southeastern New Guinea; Yule Island.
Centropus phasianinus obscuratus Mayr
Centropus phasianinus obscuratus Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939,
1937, p. 4. (Fergusson Island.)
Goodenough and Fergusson Islands, and possibly the north coast of
southeastern New Guinea.
Centropus phasianinus thierfelderi Stresemann
Centropus phasianus [sic] thierfeldert Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35,
1927, p. 111. (Merauke, New Guinea.)
Southern New Guinea.
Centropus phasianinus phasianinus (Latham)
Cuculus phasianinus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx. (New
Holland, restricted to New South Wales by Gould, infra.)
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 69
Polophilus phasianinus yorki Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, p. 58.
(Cape York, Queensland.)
Eastern Australia from northern Queensland to northern New South
Wales.
Centropus phasianinus macrourus Gould
Centropus macrourus Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 29, 1847, text to pl. [2] =
4, pl. 92 of bound volume. (Port Essington.)
Centropus melanurus Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 29, 1847, text to pl. [2] =
4, pl. 92 of bound volume. (Northwestern Australia.)
Polophilus phasianinus keatsi Ashby, South Austr. Orn., 2, 1915, p. 72.
(Port Keats, Northern Territory.)
Polophilus phasianinus melvillensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1919,
p. 391. (Melville Island.)
?Polophilus phasianinus highami Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48,
1922, p. 13. (Ashburton River, Mid-West Australia.)
Northern and Mid-West Australia.
Centropus spilopterus G. R. Gray
Centropus spilopterus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858, p. 184.
(Kei Islands.)
Kei Islands.
Centropus bernsteini manam Mayr
Centropus bernsteini manam Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1987, p. 3.
(Vulcan Island, New Guinea.)
Confined to Vulcan Island.
Centropus bernsteini bernsteini Schlegel
Centropus Bernsteini Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 251.
(Salawati and the opposite coast of New Guinea = New Guinea;
the species is not known to occur on Salawati.)
New Guinea east to Simbang and the Sattelberg.
Centropus chlororhynchus Blyth
Centropus chlororhynchus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, pt. 2, 1849,
p. 805. (Ceylon.)
Humjd forests of the southwestern hill region of Ceylon up to 2500 feet.’
Centropus rectunguis Strickland
Centropus rectunguis Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846 (1847),
p. 104. (Malacca.)
Malay States, Sumatra, Borneo.
1 This species seems to have no near relatives; in spite of its very different
coloration it appears to be structurally closer to C. andamanensis than to any
other representatives of the genus.
70 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Centropus steerii Bourns and Worcester
Centropus steerii Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota Acad.
Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 14. (Mindoro, Philippine Islands.)
Confined to the Island of Mindoro, Philippines.
Centropus sinensis parroti Stresemann
Centropus sinensis parroti Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 323.
(Ceylon.)
Indian Peninsula, south of the range of the next race; Ceylon.
Centropus sinensis sinensis (Stephens)
Polophilus sinensis Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 51.
(“Said to inhabit China” = Ning Po, China, by designation of Strese-
mann, antea, p. 321.)
Northern India from Sind and Kashmir eastward through the lower
Himalayas (up to 7000 feet), Assam, southern China (in provinces of
Kwangsi, Chekiang and Fukien), south to central India (United Provinces
and valley of the Ganges) and the Brahmaputra; boundary between this
race and the next not exactly determined; birds from the hill districts of
Manipur are referable to C. s. sinensis.
Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume)
Centrococcyx intermedius A. O. H. [ = Hume], Stray Feath., 1, 1873,
p. 454, in text. (Dhoon, Dacca and Thayetmyo.)
Tipperah, Cachar, Burma north to the Chin Hills, and southern Yunnan,
south to Peninsular Siam and all of French Indochina; Hainan.
Centropus sinensis eurycercus Blyth
Centropus eurycercus ‘“Hay” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 2,
1845, p. 551. (Malacca.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Nias, Siberut, Borneo, North Natuna
Islands; the birds recorded as C. s. bubutus from Balabac, Palawan and
Cagayan Sulu, in the Philippine Islands, may be referable here.
Centropus sinensis bubutus Horsfield
Centropus Bubutus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1,
1821, p. 180. (Java.)
Java and Bali.
Centropus sinensis anonymous Stresemann
Centropus sinensis anonymous Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 323.
(Tawi Tawi, Philippine Islands.)
Philippine Islands: Basilan, Jolo, Tawi Tawi.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 71
Centropus sinensis kangeanensis Vorderman
Centropus kangeanensis Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indié,
52, 1893, p. 190. (Kangean Islands.)
Kangean Islands.
Centropus (sinensis) andamanensis Beavan
Centropus andamanensis “Tytler” Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 321. (Andaman
Islands.)
Great and Little Coco Islands; Andaman Islands.
Centropus nigrorufus (Cuvier)!
Cuculus nigrorufus Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 426, note.
(Java. Based entirely on Levaillant, p. 220.)
Sumatra and Java.
Centropus viridis viridis (Scopoli)
Cuculus viridis Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr., fase. 2, 1786, p. 89.
(Antigua, Panay, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat.)
Philippine Islands generally.
Centropus viridis carpenteri Mearns
Centropus carpenteri Mearns, Phil. Journ. Sci., 2, sec. A., 1907, p. 356.
(Foothills of Mt. Irada, Batan Island, Philippines.)
Confined to the Island of Batan, Philippines.
Centropus viridis mindorensis (Steere)
Centrococcyx Mindorensis Steere, List Bds. Mamms. Steere Exped.,
1890, p. 12. (No locality = Calapan, Mindoro, Philippine Islands.)
Recorded only from the islands of Mindoro and Semirara, Philippines.
Centropus toulou toulou (P. L.S. Miiller)
Cuculus Toulou P. L.S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 90. (Mada-
gascar.)
Madagascar.
Centropus toulou insularis Ridgway
Centropus insularis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, 1894, p. 373.
(Aldabra Island.)
Confined to Aldabra Island.
Centropus toulou assumptionis Nicoll
Centropus assumptionis Nicoll, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 105.
(Assumption Island.)
Confined to Assumption Island.
1 Replaces Centropus purpureus Shelley of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
72 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Centropus bengalensis bengalensis (Gmelin)
Cuculus bengalensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 412. (Bengal.)
India from Kanara and Bihar southward, Bengal, Assam, Burma and
southern Yunnan, south to Tenasserim, Siam and all French Indochina;
Island of Hainan.
Centropus bengalensis lignator Swinhoe
Centropus lignator Swinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 48. (Kelung on Formosa;
Amoy; Hongkong.)
Centropus bengalensis takatsukasat Momiyama, Bull. Biogeogr. Soc.
Japan, 2, 1932, p. 276. (Imourod, Botel Tobago.)
Southeastern China in provinces of Kwangsi, Kwangtung and Fukien;
islands of Formosa and Botel Tobago. Very close to C. b. bengalensis.
Centropus bengalensis javanensis (Dumont)
Cuculus javanensis Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 11, 1818,
p. 144. (Java.)}
Malay Peninsula, Rhio Archipelago, Sumatra, Banka, Java, Bali,
Billiton, Borneo, Natuna Islands, Philippine Islands generally (including
Palawan and the Sulu Archipelago).
Centropus bengalensis sarasinorum Stresemann
Centropus bengalensis sarasinorum Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912,
p. 338. (Lesser Sunda Islands and Celebes.)?
Talaut Islands, Sangir Islands, Siao, Celebes, Tukang besi Islands,
Kalao, Djampea, Kalaotuah, Madu, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores,
Pantar, Alor, Savu, Timor, Wetar, Kisar, Roma, Leti, Moa.
Centropus bengalensis medius Bonaparte
Centropus medius ‘‘Miill.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 108.
(Amboina; Java, restricted to Amboina by Stresemann, antea, p. 339.)
Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Batjan, Obi, Buru,
Ceram and Amboina.
Centropus grillii grillii Hartlaub
Centropus Grillit Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 13. (Gaboon.)
Centropus thierryi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 190. (Mangu,
Togoland.)
1 The specific name has been almost universally written javanicus.
2 Hartert, 1925, p. 152 designates an adult 9 from Kalidupa Island as the
type; no holotype was mentioned in the original description but a large series
was listed from nearly all the islands included in the range given; these speci-
mens therefore all rank as cotypes and Hartert’s designation of a type amounts
to a restriction of type locality.
3 Replaces Centropus nigrorufus of authors (not Cuculus nigrorufus Cuvier),
of Sharpe’s Hand-list; cf. Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1902, p. 74-75.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE v3
Portuguese Guinea, Lake Chad, Bahr el Ghazal and Kenya Colony,
south to Gold Coast Colony, southern Nigeria, Gaboon, Belgian Congo and
Nyasaland.
Centropus grillii caeruleiceps Neumann
Centropus grilli caeruleiceps Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 52, 1904, p. 380.
(Lake Abaya.)
Lake region of southern Ethiopia.
Centropus grillii wahlbergi C. Grant
Centropus grillit wahlbergi C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 99.
(Umslango, Port Natal.)
Natal; birds recorded from western parts of the Transvaal are probably
referable here.
Centropus epomidis Bonaparte
Centropus epomidis ‘‘Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 107.
(Guinea. )
Gold Coast and Southern Nigeria.
Centropus leucogaster leucogaster (Leach)
Polophilus leucogaster Leach, Zool. Misc., 1, 1814, p. 117, pl. 52. (New
Holland, error = Gold Coast Colony.)
Centropus leucogaster var. chalybeiceps Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, pt. 1,
1902, p. 69. (Gambia, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Gold Coast.)
Sierra Leone to Nigeria.
Centropus leucogaster efulenensis Sharpe
Centropus efulenensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1904, p. 615. (Efulen, Cameroon.)
Western Cameroon and Gaboon.
Centropus leucogaster neumanni Alexander
Centropus neumanni Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 78.
(Angu, Uelle district, Belgian Congo.)
Known only from the Uelle River and the Ituri district of the Belgian
Congo. Perhaps not different from C. l. efulenensis.
Centropus anselli Sharpe
Centropus anselli Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1874, p. 204, pl. 33,
f. 1. (Danger River, Gaboon.)
Southern Cameroon south to the Loango Coast and eastward in the
forests of the lower and central Congo as far as Isangi.
Centropus monachus occidentalis Neumann
Centropus monachus occidentalis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21,
1908, p. 77. (Ombrokua (Ugoma), Ogowe River, Gaboon.)
74 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Gold Coast eastward through southern Nigeria and the Ubangi-Shari
to the southwestern side of the Nile-Congo divide.
Centropus monachus angolensis Neumann
Centropus monachus angolensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908,
p. 77. (Canhoea, northern Angola.)
Northern Angola.
Centropus monachus fischeri Reichenow
Centropus Fischeri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 57. (Ni-
akatshi and Kiniamongo, east of Lake Victoria.)
Centropus monachus var. nigrodorsalis Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, pt. 1,
1902, p. 63. (Bussisi [south end of Lake Victoria].)
Centropus heuglint Neumann, in Koenig’s Reise nach dem Sudan, etc.,
Verh. V. Int. Orn.-Kongr. Berlin 1910, 1911, p. 504, pl. 1. (Bahr el
Ghazal.)
Upper Nile Valley in the Sudan and Uganda, east to the Abyssinian
Escarpment and the Rift Valley, south to the-Nile-Congo divide and Lake
Victoria.
Centropus monachus monachus Riippell
Centropus monachus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., V6g., 1837, p. 57, pl. 21,
f. 2. (Kulla, northern Ethiopia.)
Eritrea, Ethiopia and Kenya Colony south to Kikuyu.
Centropus monachus cupreicaudus Reichenow
Centropus cupreicaudus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 53.
(Okawangoland and Angola.)
Southern Angola and southern Tanganyika Territory, south to Damara-
land, Lake Ngami and the upper Zambesi Valley.
Centropus senegalensis aegyptius (Gmelin)
Cuculus egyptius Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p: 420. (Egypt.)
Egypt, where locally resident in the Fayum, the lower reaches of the
Rosetta Nile and in the Embaba district of Giza Province.
Centropus senegalensis senegalensis (Linné)
Cuculus senegalensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 169. (Senegal.)
Centropus senegalensis tschadensis Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915,
p. 124. (Lake Chad region.)
Senegal east to the upper Nile Valley, western Uganda and western
Tanganyika Territory, extending north to Air and Lake Chad, south to
the mouth of the Congo, the Kasai and northern Angola; absent from the
forest areas.
FAMILY CUCULIDAE 75
Centropus senegalensis incertus Granvik
Centropus senegalensis incertus Granvik, Journ. f. Orn., 71, 1923,
Sonderh., p. 78. (Mt. Elgon.)
Region about Mt. Elgon; doubtfully distinct from senegalensis.
Centropus senegalensis flecki Reichenow
Centropus flecki Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 84. (Nukana,
on the Okovango River, Bechuanaland.)
Bechuanaland and the upper Zambesi Valley south to the Transvaal
and Mashonaland.
Centropus superciliosus loandae C. Grant
Centropus superciliosus loande C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915,
p. 54. (Near N’Dalla Tando, Angola.)
Lower Congo Valley and Angola eastward across the Belgian Congo to
Uganda, Tanganyika Territory, northern Rhodesia and northern Nyasa-
land.
Centropus superciliosus superciliosus Hemprich and Ehrenberg
Centropus superciliosus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys., Aves,
1833, fol. R., note 3. (Arabia and Ethiopia.)
Centropus meridionalis Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 12, 1914,
p. 584, note. (East and southern Africa.)
Centropus superciliosus intermedius van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl.,
41, 1921, p. 125. (Mombasa, Kenya Colony.) Not Centrococcyx
intermedius Hume which is Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume).
Centropus superciliosus furvus Friedmann, Auk, 43, 1926, p. 370. New
name to replace Centropus intermedius van Someren, preoccupied.
Centropus superciliosus niloticus Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon.
Hist. Nat., 3, 1924, p. 160, pl. 4, f. 1. (Kenissa, White Nile.)
Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somaliland, south through Kenya Colony
and eastern Tanganyika Territory; Zanzibar Island; southern Arabia.
Centropus superciliosus sokotrae C. Grant
Centropus superciliosus sokotre C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915,
p. 55. (Adho Dimellus, Socotra Island.)
Confined to Socotra Island.
Centropus superciliosus burchellii Swainson '
Centropus Burchellii Swainson, Anim. in Menag., 1838 (1837), p. 321.
(South Africa, 7.e. Cape Province.)
1 The arrangement of races of swperciliosus adopted here is that proposed by
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 90-92. For a
criticism of that arrangement cf. Roberts, Ostrich, 9, 1938, p. 109-112.
76 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Centropus fasciipygialis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 23.
(Quilimane, Lindi and Mozambique.)
Centropus pymi Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 4, 1914, p. 175. (Draai-
bosch, Kaffraria.)
Southern Nyasaland and southern Tanganyika Territory south to the
Transvaal and the Inhambane district of Mozambique, southwest to Cape
Province and Natal.
Centropus melanops melanops Lesson
Centropus melanops Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 187. (Java,
error = Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Leyte, Bohol, Mindanao, Basilan, Nipa.
?Centropus melanops banken Hachisuka
Centropus melanops banken Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 221.
(Paranas, Samar.)
Confined to the Island of Samar, Philippine Islands; its distinctness
from the typical race requires confirmation.
Centropus celebensis celebensis Quoy and Gaimard
Centropus celebensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 230; Atlas, Ois., pl. 20. (Manado, Celebes.)
Northern Peninsula of Celebes, westward at least to the foothills of
the Matinang Mts.; Togian Islands (?).
Centropus celebensis rufescens (Meyer and Wiglesworth)
Pyrrhocentor celebensis rufescens Meyer and Wiglesworth, Abh. Ber.
K. Zool. Mus. Dresden, 6, 1896-97 (1896), no. 2, p. 11. (East Penin-
sula of Celebes, type from Tonkean.)
Centropus celebensis trigeminus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931,
p. 84. (Uru, 800 metres, western base of the Latimodjong Mts.,
southern Celebes.)
Central Celebes and the eastern, southern and southeastern peninsulas.
Centropus unirufus unirufus (Cabanis and Heine)
Pyrrhocentor unirufus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-
1863 (1863), Heft 1, p. 118, note. (Philippines 7.e., Luzon.)
Confined to the Island of Luzon.
?Centropus unirufus polillensis Hachisuka
Centropus unirufus polillensis Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl.
Publ. no. 14, 1930, p. 177. (Polillo, Philippine Islands.)
Confined to the Island of Polillo; doubtfully distinct from C. u. unirufus.
FAMILY TYTONIDAE rar
ORDER STRIGIFORMES
FAMILY #Protostrigidae (Fossil)
Famity TYTONIDAE
SuBFAMILY TYTONINAE
Genus TYTO BILLBERG
Tyto Billberg, Syn. Faun. Scand., 1, pt. 2, 1828, tab. A. Type, by mon-
otypy, Strix flammea auct. = Strix alba Scopoli.!
Hybris Nitzsch, Pterylogr., 1833, p. 16. Type, by monotypy, Strix
flammea Linné = Strix alba Scopoli.
cf. Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1028-1040.
Id., Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 93-104.
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 109-114.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 598-617.
Sclater, Bds. So. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 235-240.
Tyto soumagnei (Milne-Edwards)
Heliodilus Soumagnei Milne-Edwards, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris,
85, 1877 (1878, séance of 31 Dec., 1877), p. 1282, note 2. (Madagas-
car.)
Heliodilus Sowmagnii Grandidier, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878
(séance of 29 Dec., 1877), p. 66. (Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
Tyto alba schmitzi (Hartert)
Strix flammea schmitzi Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 534. (Funchal,
Madeira.)
Madeira.
Tyto alba gracilirostris (Hartert)
Strix flammea gracilirostris Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1905, p. 31.
(Fuertaventura, Canary Islands.)
Eastern Canary Islands: Fuertaventura and Lanzarote.
Tyto alba alba (Scopoli)
Strix alba Scopoli, Annus 1, Hist.-Nat., 1769, p. 21. (“Ex Foro Juli” =
Friuli, Italy.)
1 Replaces Strix of Sharpe’s Hand-list and includes Heliodilus Milne-
Edwards, 1878.
2 For anatomical note and remarks on systematic position see Allen and
Greenway, Auk, 52, 1935, p. 413-416.
78 CHECK~—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Strix hostilis Kleinschmidt, Falco, 11, 1915, p. 18. (England.)
Tyto alba kleinschmidti Jordans, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 409. (AI-
cudia, Mallorca.)
British Isles, Channel Isles, western France, Iberian Peninsula, Italy
south of the southern slopes of the Alps, countries adjoining the Mediter-
ranean basin and islands therein (except Corsica and Sardinia.)
Tyto alba ernesti (Kleinschmidt)
Strix ernestt Kleinschmidt, Orn. Monatsb., 9, 1901, p. 168. (Loceri,
Sardinia.)
Corsica and Sardinia.
Tyto alba guttata (C. L. Brehm)
Strix guttata C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. V6g. Deutschl., 1831, p. 106.
(The northeast, perhaps Riga; in winter in Germany.)
Strix Flammea rhenana Kleinschmidt, Berajah, 1906, Strix Flammea,
p. 20. (Darmstadt, Germany.)
Southern Sweden, Germany,! eastward through the Baltic countries and
Poland to western Russia, south to the Alps, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria
and the Crimea.
Tyto alba detorta Hartert
Tyto alba detorta Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1918, p. 38. (Cape
Verde Islands; type from St. Jago.)
Cape Verde Islands: Santiago and St. Vincent.
Tyto alba affinis (Blyth)
Strix affinis Blyth, Ibis, 1862, p. 388. (Cape of Good Hope, Cape
Town fixed as type locality by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull.
Brit. Orn. Cl.,.67,,1937; p. 157.)
Tropical Africa from Gambia, southern Sahara and the Sudan to Cape
Province.
Tyto alba thomensis (Hartlaub)
Strix thomensis Hartlaub, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 4, 1852, p. 3. (Sao
Thomé Island.)
Confined to the Island of Sao Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea.
Tyto alba erlangeri W. L. Sclater
Tyto alba erlangeri W. L. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1921, p. 24.
(Lahej, Arabia.)
Arabia east to Masqat, apparently extending north to southern Pales-
tine and Iraq.
1 TIntergradation between alba and guitata takes place in eastern [France
and western Germany up to the valley of the Rhine.
FAMILY TYTONIDAE 79
Tyto alba hypermetra Grote
Tyto alba hypermetra Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 79. (Central
Madagascar.)
Comoro Islands and Madagascar.
Tyto alba stertens Hartert
Tyto alba steriens Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 98. (Cachar.)
India, Assam and probably northern Burma; Ceylon. Limits in Burma
of this form and javanica not known.
Tyto alba javanica (Gmelin)
Strix javanica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 295. (Java.)
Southern (?) Burma, Siam and Indochina, southward over all of south-
eastern Asia; Java, Thousand Islands; Kangean Islands, Lombok, Flores,
Alor and Timor.!
Tyto alba de-roepstorffii (Hume)
Strix De-Roepstorffi Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875, p. 390.
(Aberdeen, South Andaman Islands.)
South Andaman Islands.
Tyto alba sumbaénsis (Hartert)
Strix flammea sumbaénsis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 4, 1897, p. 270. (Sumba
Island; type from Waingapo.)
Confined to Sumba Island.
Tyto alba everetti Hartert
Tyto alba everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 99. (Savu.)
Confined to the Island of Savu, 100 miles west of Timor.
Tyto alba kuehni Hartert
Tyto alba kuehni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 99. (Kisar Island.)
Kisar Island; this form, rather than javanica, may be the race occurring
on the islands of the Lesser Sunda chain from Flores to Timor.
Tyto alba meeki (Rothschild and Hartert)
Strix flammea meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14, 1907,
p. 446. (Collingwood Bay, New Guinea.)
Southeastern New Guinea from Collingwood Bay on the north and
Port Moresby on the south, eastward; Vulcan and Dampier islands.
1 Tyto alba has been recorded from Kalao and Kalao tua; specimens from
these islands do not agree with any of the named races but in view of the
variability in this species, names have not been proposed. See Meise, Journ.
Orn., 77, 1929, p. 466-467.
80 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tyto alba delicatula (Gould)
Strix delicatulus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1836 (1837), p. 140.
(New South Wales.)
Tyto alba alexandrae Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 256. (Alexandra,
Northern Territory.)
Australia; Solomon Islands: Vella Lavella and Malaita.
Tyto alba crassirostris Mayr
Tyto alba crassirostris Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3.
(Boang Island, Tanga Group, Bismarck Archipelago.)
Known only from the type locality.
Tyto alba interposita Mayr
Tyto alba interposita Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3.
(Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands.)
Santa Cruz Islands, Banks Islands and northern New Hebrides.
Tyto alba lulu (Peale)
Striz lulu Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 74. (Upolu, and other
islands of the Samoan Group; Ovalau, Fiji Islands.)
Tyto alba lifuensis Brasil, Rev. Franc. d’Orn., 4, 1916, p. 202. (Lifu,
Loyalty Islands.)
New Caledonia, southern New Hebrides, Loyalty, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa
and Society Islands.
Tyto alba pratincola (Bonaparte)
Strix Pratincola Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, p. 7. (No
locality = Pennsylvania.) New name for Strix flammea Wilson.
North and Central America from northern California, Nebraska,
southern Wisconsin, southern Michigan, western New York and southern
New England, south to Lower California and the Gulf States and through
Mexico to eastern Guatemala and probably eastern Nicaragua.
Tyto alba guatemalae (Ridgway)
Strix flammea var. Guatemale, Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873,
p. 200. (Guatemala to Panama; type from Chinandega, Nicaragua.)
Western Guatemala, Salvador, western Nicaragua, and Panama to the
Canal Zone.
Tyto alba lucayana Riley
Tyto perlatus lucayanus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, 1913, p. 153.
(New Providence, Bahamas.)
Bahama Islands.
Tyto alba furcata (Temminck)
Strix furcata Temminck, PI. col., livr. 73, 1827, pl. 432. (Cuba.)
Cuba, Isle of Pines, Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Jamaica.
FAMILY TYTONIDAE 81
Tyto alba bargei (Hartert)
Strix flammea bargei Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 18. (Cura-
Gao.)
Known only from a single locality on the Island of Curacao.
Tyto alba subandeana L. Kelso
Tyto alba subandeana L. Kelso, Biol. Leafl., no. 9, 1938 [not paged].
(Bogota, Colombia.)
Tropical zone of Colombia and Ecuador.
Tyto alba contempta (Hartert)
Strix flammea contempta Hartert, Nov. Zool., 5, 1898, p. 500. (Cayambe,
9223 feet, Ecuador.)
Strix stictica Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 2, 1904, p. 115.
(Mérida, 1630 met., Venezuela.)
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Apparently restricted to the
temperate zone in the first two countries; no data available on zonal
distribution in the two latter.
Tyto alba hellmayri Griscom and Greenway
Tyto alba hellmayri Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl.,
81, 1937, p. 421. (Paramaribo, Surinam.)
The Guianas south to the Amazon Valley; western limits in Brazil not
known.
Tyto alba tuidara (J. E. Gray)
Strict Tuidara J. E. Gray, in Griffith ed. of Cuvier’s Anim. Kingd., 6,
1829, p. 75. (Brazil.)
?Strix superciliaris ‘‘Natterer’’ Pelzeln, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien,
13, 1863, p. 1126. (Forest at the bridge of the Guaporé, Matto
Grosso.) Not Strix superciliaris Vieillot, 1817.
Strix Holmbergiana Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901,
p. 178. (Ité-guaimi, lat. 25°, 47’S., Paraguay.)
Tyto alba zottae L. Kelso, Biol. Leafl., no. 9, 1938 [not paged]. (Cordillera
de Rio Chico, Patagonia, t.e. Terr. Santa Cruz, Argentina.)
Brazil south of the Amazon to Chile (Valdivia) and Argentina (Tierra
del Fuego).
Tyto alba glaucops (Kaup)
Strix glaucops Kaup, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn., 1852, p. 118. (Jamaica,
error = Hispaniola.)
Islands of Tortuga and Hispaniola.
Tyto alba nigrescens (Lawrence)
Striz flammea var. nigrescens Lawrence, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878,
p. 64. (Dominica, Lesser Antilles.)
Island of Dominica.
82 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tyto alba insularis (Pelzeln)
Strix insularis Pelzeln, Journ. f. Orn., 20, 1872, p. 23. (St. Vincent.)!
Hybris nigrescens noctividus Barbour, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911,
p. 57. (St. George’s, Grenada.)
Southern Lesser Antilles: St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Bequia, Carriacou,
Union and Grenada.
Tyto alba punctatissima (G. R. Gray)
Strix punctatissima G. R. Gray, in Gould’s Zool. Voy. ‘Beagle,’ 3, pt. 3,
1838, pl. 4; pt. 9, 1839, p. 34. (James Island, Galapagos Archi-
pelago.)
Galapagos Archipelago.
Tyto rosenbergii (Schlegel)
Strix Rosenbergii Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 181.
(Monelido, Boni and Gorontalo, Celebes.)
Celebes.
Tyto inexspectata (Schlegel)
Strix inexspectata Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, 1879, p. 50, 51.
(Minahassa, Celebes.)
Confined to the northern peninsula of Celebes.
Tyto novaehollandiae sorocula (P. L. Sclater)
Strix sorocula P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883, p. 52.
(Larat, Tenimber Islands.)
Tenimber Islands.”
Tyto novaehollandiae cayelii (Hartert)
Strix cayelit Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 228. (Kayeli, Buru.)
Island of Buru.
Tyto novaehollandiae manusi Rothschild and Hartert
Tyto manusi Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914, p. 291.
(Manus, Admiralty Islands.)
Confined to the Island of Manus, Admiralty Islands.
Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Mathews
Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912,
p. 257, no. 395. (East Kimberley, West Australia.)
1 Believed by its describer to be St. Vincent in the Cape Verde Islands, an
error that was perpetuated for many years, but finally shown by Hartert,
Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1913, p. 37-38 to be St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles.
? For note on systematic position of this bird see Stresemann, Meded. Zool.
Mus. Leiden, 17, 1934, p. 17.
FAMILY TYTONIDAE 83
Tyto nove-hollandiz mackayt Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 34, no. 392 A. (Mackay, Queensland.)
Tyto nove-hollandiz melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 35, no. 394 A. (Melville Island, Northern Territory.)
Tyto galei Mathews, South Austr. Orn., 1, 1914, pt. 2, p. 12. (Northern
Queensland, type from Pascoe River.)
Merauke district of southern New Guinea, and the northern parts of
Australia.
Tyto novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Stephens)
Strix (?) Nove Hollandiz Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, 1826, pt.
2, p. 61. (New Holland = New South Wales.)
Tyto nove-hollandiz whitei Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 34, no. 392 B. (Adelaide, South Australia.)
Tyto nove-hollandiz riordani Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 35, no. 392 C. (Warnambool, Victoria.)
Tyto longimembris dombraini Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914, p. 91.
(Victoria.)
Tyto nove-hollandiz troughtoni Cayley, What Bird is that?, 1931, p. 32,
pl. 5, f. 4. (Ooldea, South Australia.)
Southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia.
?Tyto novaehollandiae perplexa Mathews
Tyto novaehollandiae perplexa Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912,
p. 257, no. 394. (East Beverly, West Australia.)
South-West Australia.
Tyto novaehollandiae castanops (Gould)
Strix castanops Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1836 (1837), p. 140.
(Tasmania. )
Tasmania.
Tyto aurantia (Salvadori)
Strix aurantia Salvadori, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, 16, 1881, p. 619.
(New Britain.)
New Britain.
Tyto tenebricosa arfaki (Schlegel)
Strix tenebricosa Arfaki Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, 1879, p. 101.
(Hattam, Mount Arfak, New Guinea.)
Megastrix tenebricosa perconfusa Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 408.
(British New Guinea.)
All of New Guinea below 2000 metres elevation; Island of Jobi.
84 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tyto tenebricosa tenebricosa (Gould)
Strix tenebricosus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 80. (Brushes
of the Clarence River, New South Wales.)
Tyto tenebricosa multipunctata Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 257.
(Johnston River, Queensland.)
Tyto tenebricosa magna Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 258. (Vic-
toria.)
Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia.
Tyto capensis libratus Peters and Loveridge
Tyto capensis libratus Peters and Loveridge, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 48,
1935, p. 77. (Kaimosi, Kakamega district, Nyansa Province, Kenya
Colony.)
Kenya Colony, north at least to Sotik.
Tyto capensis damarensis Roberts
Tyto Capensis Damarensis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 212.
(“Caprivi Corner,” (?) Damaraland.)
Damaraland; southern Angola.
Tyto capensis capensis (A. Smith)
Strix Capensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 317. (South
Africa, restricted type locality fixed as Cape Town by Grant and
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 158.)
Striz cabre Dubois, Syn. Av., 2, 1902, p. 900, note 1. (Region south of
the cataracts, Lower Congo.)
Nyasaland, Transvaal, Basutoland, Natal and Cape Province, ranging
north to the lower Congo and the Kivu district.
Tyto longimembris longimembris (Jerdon)
Strix longimembris Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 10, 1839, p. 86.
(Neilgherries, India.)!
India from Dehra Dun to eastern Assam; eastern Bengal; Central
Provinces and hill tracts of southern India; Formosa (?); Indochina (?).
NOTE. — Knowledge of Tyto longimembris is so fragmentary that not even
Hartert was able to revise the species satisfactorily; the races recognized here
are the same as he recognized in his 1929 review (antea) with the addition of
melli. The following names have been proposed for birds now known to be
conspecific with longimembris, but whether they represent recognizable sub-
species, or are to be sunk as synonyms must be determined by some future
reviser with adequate material.
Strix pithecops Swinhoe, Ibis, 1866, p. 396. (Interior of Formosa.)
Strix amauronota Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 20, 1872, p. 316. (Luzon.)
1 Replaces Strix candida Tickell, 1833, not of Latham, 1787.
FAMILY TYTONIDAE 85
Strix oustaleti Hartlaub, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879, p. 295. (Viti
Levu, Fiji Islands.)
Tyto longimembris melli Yen
Tyto longimembris Melli Yen, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 3, 1933,
p. 242. (Yao-shan, Kwangtung.)
Southeastern China in provinces of Kwangsi and Kwangtung.
Tyto longimembris chinensis Hartert
Tyto longimembris chinensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 104.
(Suey Kow, 7.e. Shuikow, Fukien.)
Tyto longimembris albifrons Caldwell and Caldwell, South China Birds,
1931, p. 232. (Futsing, Fukien.)
Southeastern China in Province of Fukien; recorded in winter from
Kwangtung.
Tyto longimembris walleri (Diggles)
Strix walleri Diggles, Orn. Austr., pt. 7, 1866 [ =1, pl. 14]. (Brisbane,
Queensland.)
Tyto longimembris georgiae Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 75.
(Northern Territory; type from Victoria River.)
Northern and eastern Australia. Birds of the same or closely allied
forms occur in the Philippines, Celebes, Kalidupa and the Fiji Islands.
Tyto longimembris papuensis Hartert
Tyto longimembris papuensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 103.
(Owgarra, 6000 feet, Angabunga River, New Guinea.)
Known only from the mountain grasslands of southeastern New Guinea
viz. the type locality on the Angabunga River and from the mountains
west of Huon Gulf.
SuBFAMILY PHODILINAE
Genus PHODILUS Gerorrroy Saint HIualre !
Phodilus Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Ann. Sci. Nat., 21, 1830, p. 199. Type,
by original designation and monotypy, Strix badia Horsfield.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 389-392.
Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p. 121-122.
Phodilus badius saturatus Robinson
Phodilus badius saturatus Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 23 April,
1927, p. 121. (Native Sikkim.)
Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, northern Burma, northern Siam, Tonkin and
Cochinchina.
1 Replaces Photodilus of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
86 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Phodilus badius parvus Chasen
Phodilus badius parvus Chasen, Treubia, 16, 1937, p. 216. (Billiton
Island.)
Confined to Billiton Island.
Phodilus badius badius (Horsfield)
Strix badia Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 139.
(Java.)
Phodilus badius abbottt Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 14, 1924,
p. 302. (Province of Wellesley, Federated Malay States.)
?Phodilus rivere McGregor, Phil. Journ. Sci., 32, April, 1927, p. 518.
(Loquilocon, Wright, Samar, Philippines.)!
Eastern and central Burma south through Tenasserim to the Malay
Peninsula, southern Siam, Sumatra, Nias, Java, Bali, Borneo; Samar (one
record).
Phodilus badius assimilis Hume
Phodilus assimilis Hume, Stray Feath., 5, 1877, p. 138. (Ceylon.)
Based on Phodilus badius Hume, not of Horsfield, Stray Feath., 1,
1873, p. 429.
Ceylon.
Phodilus badius arixuthus Oberholser
Phodilus badius arixuthus Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 159,
1932, p. 40. (Bunguran Island, North Natuna Islands.)
Known only from the unique type.
Famity STRIGIDAE
SUBFAMILY BUBONINAE
Genus OTUS PENNANT?
Otus Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p.3. Type, by monotypy, Otus bakka-
moena Pennant.
Athenoptera ‘Hutton in epist.’”’ Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870,
p. 392, in text. Type, by monotypy, Ephialtes spilocephalus Blyth.
Gymnoscops Tristram, Ibis, 1880, p. 458. Type, by monotypy, Gym-
noscops insularis Tristram.
1 Named without comparison with any of the other races of Phodilus; it
is not possible to tell whether P. riverae is a valid race or referable to some other
form. It could conceivably be the same as arixuthus, in which case it has five
years priority.
2 Replaces Scops Savigny, 1810 and includes Psiloscops Coues, Heteroscops
Sharpe, Gymnoscops Tristram and Gymnasio Bonaparte (part. species no. 1)
of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 87
Heteroscops Sharpe, Ibis, 1889, p. 77. Type, by original designation,
Scops luciae Sharpe.
Psiloscops Coues, Osprey, 3, 1899, p. 144. Type, by original designation,
Scops flammeola Kaup.
Pseudociccaba Kelso, Syn. Am. Wood Owls of Genus Ciccaba, 1932,
p. 6 (in key), p. 39. Type, by original designation, Ciccaba albogularis
albogularis (Cassin) = Syrnium albo-gularis Cassin.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 421-438; 7,
1930, p. 384-387.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop, W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 18-26.
Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 412, 1930, p. 1-11. (Review of O.
senegalensis.)
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 84-87.
Dementiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 48-51.
Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 973-983; 3, 1922, p. 216.
Hartert and Steinbacher, Vog. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 5,
1936, p. 385-388.
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 252-260.
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 102-108.
Orn. Soc. Japan, Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 88-89.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 664-668 (sub nom. Pisorhina).
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 681-732;
676-679 (excluding G. lawrencit).
Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 1925, p. 191-195.
Otus sagittatus (Cassin)
Ephialtes sagittatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848, p.
121. (India ? = Malacca.)
Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula and Siam.
Otus rufescens malayensis Hachisuka
Otus rufescens malayensis Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 52,
note. (Mt. Ophir, Malacca, Malay Peninsula.)
Malay States.
Otus rufescens rufescens (Horsfield)
Strix rufescens Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 140. (Java.)
Sumatra, Banka, Java and Borneo.
Otus rufescens burbidgei Hachisuka
Otus rufescens burbidgei Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 51.
(Sulu, 7z.e. Jolo, Philippines.)
Island of Jolo in the Sulu Archipelago.
88 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus icterorhynchus icterorhynchus (Shelley)
Scops icterorhynchus Shelley, Ibis, 1873, p. 138. (Fanti, Gold Coast.)
Scops spurrelli Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 29, 1912, p. 116.
(Bibianaha, 60 miles west of Kumasi, Ashanti, Gold Coast.)
Known only from two specimens from the Gold Coast.
Otus icterorhynchus holerythrus (Sharpe)
Scops holerythra Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 3. (Efulen,
Cameroon.)
Pisorhina balia Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 40. (Bipindi,
Cameroon.)
Forest region of southern Cameroon eastward to the Ituri district.
Otus spilocephalus huttoni (Hume)
Ephialtes Huttoni Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870, p. 393.
(Near Mussoorie, Garhwal and below Simla, 7.e. Jerripani, Mus-
soorie.)
Simla States, Garhwal and Kumaon.
Otus spilocephalus spilocephalus (Blyth)
Ephialtes spilocephatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 8.
(Darjeeling.)
Nepal and Sikkim eastward to Assam and south to eastern Bengal and
Burma.
Otus spilocephalus latouchi (Rickett)
Scops latouchi Rickett, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. 56. (Ah Chung,
Fukien.)
Southeastern China in provinces of Fukien and Kwangtung, and
French Indochina in Tonkin, northern Annam and Laos.
Otus spilocephalus hambroecki (Swinhoe)
Ephialtes Hambroecki Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 6,
1870, p. 153. (Formosa.)
Mountains on the Island of Formosa.
Otus spilocephalus siamensis Robinson and Kloss
Otus luciae siamensis Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States
Mus., 10, 1922, p. 261. (Bandon, 3500 feet, Kao Nong, Siam.)
Mountains of Siam and of southern Annam.
Otus spilocephalus vulpes (Ogilvie-Grant)
Heteroscops vulpes Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 11.
(Gunong Tahan, 5300 feet, Malay Peninsula.)
Mountains of the Malay States.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 89
Otus spilocephalus stresemanni (Robinson)
Athenoptera spilocephalus stresemanni Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. ClL.,
47, 1927, p. 126. (Scolah Dras, 3000 feet, Korinchi, Sumatra.)
Mountains of Sumatra.
Otus spilocephalus angelinae (Finsch)
Pisorhina angelinae Finsch, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 156. (Pan-
gerango Mountain, 6000 feet, Java.)
Mountains of Java.
Otus spilocephalus luciae (Sharpe)
Scops lucie Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 478. (Kina Balu, Borneo.)
Mountains of Borneo.
?Otus vandewateri (Robinson and Kloss)
Pisorhina vandewateri Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Straits Br. Roy. As.
Soc., no. 73, 1916, p. 275. (Korinchi Peak, 7300 feet, Sumatra.)
Mountains of Sumatra.
Otus balli (Hume)
Ephialtes Balli Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 407. (South Andaman
Island.)
Andaman Islands.
Otus alfredi (Hartert)
Pisorhina alfredi Hartert, Nov. Zool., 4, 1897, p. 527. (Repok Mts.,
above 3500 feet, Flores.)
Mountains on the Island of Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands.
Otus brucei (Hume)
Ephialtes Brucei Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 8. (Rahuri, Ahmed-
nagar.)
Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Turkestan from south of the Aral Sea
to eastern Persia, Baluchistan and Gilgit; recorded from Sind and several
localities in India.
Otus scops scops (Linné)
Striz Scops Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted
type locality, Italy.)
Pisorhina scops erlangeri Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 101. (Tallah,
Tunisia.)
Pisorhina scops graeca Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 102. (Vicinity
of Lamia, Greece.)
1 Whether this is a distinct species, or the extreme dark phase of the bird
later named O. s. stresemannz is still a moot question.
90 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Pisorhina scops tuneti Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 103. (Environs
of Tunis, Tunisia.)
Scops scops tschusit Schiebel, Orn. Jahrb., 21, 1910, p. 102. (Ajaccio,
Corsica.)
Otus scops mallorcae von Jordans, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 407.
(Aleudia, Mallorca.)
Breeds in the eastern Canary Islands; southern and central Europe
north to France, western Germany, the Alps, southern Austria and
Hungary and southwestern Russia; islands in the western Mediterranean;
northern Africa from Morocco to Tunisia south to the oases of the northern
Sahara. Winters in northern tropical Africa from Timbuktu to Ethiopia
and southward to Sennar and Uganda.
Otus scops cycladum (Tschusi)
Pisorhina scops cycladum Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 104. (Island
of Naxos.)
Otus scops powelli Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, p. 21.
(Candia district, Crete.)
Resident on the Cyclades and in Crete.
Otus scops cyprius (Madardsz)
Scops cypria Madardsz, Termés. Fiizetek, 24, 1901, p. 272. (Livadia,
Cyprus.)
Cyprus; birds from southwestern Asia Minor are nearer to this form
than to O. s. scops.
Otus scops turanicus (Loudon)
Pisorhina scops turanica Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 13, 1905, p. 129.
(Desert of Kara Kum, Transcaspia.)
Transcaspia, Bukhara and northern Persia; Armenia (?).
Otus scops pulchellus (Pallas)
Stryx pulchella Pallas, Reise versch. Prov. Russ. Reichs, 1, 1801, p. 456.
(“‘Copiosius in australioribus ad Volgam, Samaram, Iaicum.’’)
Pisorhina scops zarudnyi Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 139.
(Sarepta.)
Pisorhina scops bascanica Johansen, Orn. Jahrb., 18, 1907, p. 202.
(Baskan, northeastern Turkestan.)
Scops scops sibirica Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 260. (Krasnoyarsk
and Minusinsk, upper Jenessei Valley.)
Scops scops ferghanensis Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 1912, p. 45. (Osh
district, 5000 feet, northern slopes of the Alai Mountains, Ferghana.)
Scops scops irtyshensis Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 1912, p. 46. (Tara,
on the upper Irtysh, western Siberia.)
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 9]
Breeds in Russia east of long. 35° E. and north to lat. 56° N.; Caucasus;
southwestern Asia north to the upper Irtysh, east to Krasnoyarsk and
south to the Kirghiz Steppe, Ferghana, Tarbagatai and the Altai. Win-
ters in the upper Nile Valleys, probably also in southwestern Asia and in
northwestern India.
Otus scops ! stictonotus (Sharpe)
Scops stictonotus Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 54, pl. 3,
f2. (China.,)
Breeds in Manchuria west to the Great Chingan, Amur and Ussuri-
land, south to northern China and Korea; in winter to southeastern China
and Formosa.”
Otus scops japonicus Temminck and Schlegel
Otus scops japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap.,
Aves, 1850, p. 27, pl. 9. (Japan.)
Japan from Hokkaido and Kiusiu;* resident (?).
?Otus scops modestus (Walden)
Scops modestus Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 13, 1874,
p. 123. (Port Blair, South Andaman Island.) 4
Assam south of the Brahmaputra eastward across southern Yunnan,
Kwangsi and Kwangtung to Fukien * (?), south to Tenasserim, Siam and
French Indochina; Andaman and Nicobar Islands; Hainan (?). Doubt-
fully distinct from O. s. malayanus.
Otus scops malayanus (Hay)
Scops malayanus Hay, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 13, pt. 2, 1847, p. 147.
(Malacca.)
Malay Peninsula.
Otus scops sunia (Hodgson)
Scops sunia Hodgson, As. Res., 1836, p. 175. (Nepal).®
1 Some authorities consider the Scops Owls of eastern and southeastern Asia
as specifically distinct by reason of different wing formula; other things con-
sidered, this difference hardly seems grounds for specific distinctness.
2 Hartert and Steinbacher, antea p. 388, include Sakhalin in the range of
this form; the Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 88-89, does not list any
form of Otus scops from that island.
3 Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 89, attributes this form to the Kurile
Islands; Bergman, Zur Kenntnis Nordostasiat. Végel, 1935, does not list it
from these islands.
4 Ephialtes nicobaricus Hume is a synonym.
5 Resident birds from Fukien are smaller and have a small bare area on
the distal end of the tarsus; they are not referable to either stictonotus or
japonicus and I provisionally refer them to modestus.
6 Replaces Scops pennatus Hodgson, 1837, of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
92 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Lower Himalayas from Kumaon to Bhutan, south to the Punjab, Central
Provinces, Bengal and the Brahmaputra River.
Otus scops rufipennis (Sharpe)
Scops rufipennis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 60. (Hastern
Ghats, Madras.)
Indian Peninsula from the Bombay Presidency on the west and Madras
on the east, southward.
Otus scops leggei Ticehurst
Scops minutus Legge, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), 1, 1878, p. 175.
(Kotmalie, Ceylon.) Not Scops minuta Brehm, 1831.
Otus sunia leggei Ticehurst, Ibis, 1923, p. 242. New name for Scops
minuta Legge, 1878, preoccupied.
Ceylon.
Otus scops interpositus Kuroda
Otus japonicus interpositus Kuroda, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1923, p. 122.
(Minami-Daitéjima [7.e. South Borodino Island], Borodino Islands.)
Borodino Islands.
Otus scops elegans (Cassin)
Ephialtes elegans Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852, p. 185.
(At sea off the coast of Japan, lat. 29° 47’ N., long. 126° 13’ 20” E.)!
Riu Kiu Islands.
Otus scops botelensis Kuroda
Otus sunia botelensis Kuroda, Tori, 5, 1928, no. 25, English text, p. 26.
(Botel Tobago.)
Island of Botel Tobago [or Kotosho].
Otus scops calayensis McGregor
Otus calayensis McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 18. (Calayan
Island.)
Philippine Islands: Calayan.
Otus scops longicornis (Ogilvie-Grant)
Scops longicornis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, 1894, p. 51.
(Mountains of northern Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon.
Otus scops mindorensis (Whitehead)
Scops mindorensis Whitehead, Ibis, 1899, p. 98. (Highlands of Mindoro.)
Philippine Islands: Mindoro.
1 This position is in the East China Sea about 300 miles nearly due east of
Ningpo, China, and approximately 175 miles in a northwesterly direction from
the nearest point of the Riu Kiu Islands.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 93
Otus scops romblonis McGregor
Otus romblonis McGregor, Bureau Govt. Labs., no. 25, 1905, p. 12.
(Romblon.)
Philippine Islands: Banton and Romblon.
Otus scops cuyensis McGregor
Otus cuyensis McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 17. (Cuyo
Island.)
Philippine Islands: Cuyo.
Otus scops mantananensis (Sharpe)
Scops mantananensis Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 4. (Man-
tanani Island.)
Mantanani Island, off British North Borneo.
Otus umbra umbra (Richmond)
Pisorhina umbra Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26, 1903, p. 494.
(Simalur Island.)
Simalur Island.
Otus umbra enganensis Riley
Otus umbra enganensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927, p. 98.
(Engano Island.)
Engano Island.
Otus senegalensis senegalensis (Swainson)
Scops Capensis A. Smith, 8. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 314, in
text (South Africa). Not Otus capensis A. Smith, 1834.
Scops Senegalensts Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 1, 1837, p. 127. (Senegal;
the type is from Gambia.)
Northern Tropical West Africa from Senegal and Portuguese Guinea
westward to Darfur and Kordofan (?), south to the Ivory Coast, Gold
Coast, Nigeria and the northern border of the Congo rain forest; absent
from the heavy rain forest area of Sierra Leone and Liberia.
TOtus senegalensis pygmea (C. L. Brehm)
Scops pygmea [sic] C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 43. (In winter in
northern Africa, 7.e. Sennar.)
Scops kénigseggi Madardsz, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 81. (Shemshir,
Blue Nile.)
Southern and eastern portions of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan: Bahr el
Ghazal, Blue Nile; Tacazzé region of northwestern Ethiopia. Western
limit of range not known; perhaps not different from O. s. senegalensis.
Otus senegalensis caecus Friedmann
Otus senegalensis caecus Friedmann, Auk, 46, 1929, p. 521. (Sadi Malka,
Ethiopia.)
94 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ethiopia (except northwestern), Somaliland (absent from the dry coastal
areas) and Kenya Colony south to the North Guaso Nyiro River.
Otus senegalensis socotranus (Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes)
Scops socotranus Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes, Bull. Liverpool Mus., 2,
1899, p. 2. (Socotra Island.)
Socotra Island.
Otus senegalensis pamelae Bates
Otus senegalensis pamele Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 150.
(Dailami, Wadi Bisha, Arabia.)
Recorded only from the type locality and from Najran and Amiri.
Otus senegalensis ugandae (Neumann)
Pisorhina ugandae Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 56. (Kwa
Mtessa, Uganda.)
Upper Uelle district of the Belgian Congo eastward to the Bahr el
Jebel and south to Lake Kivu and Ankole.
Otus senegalensis feae (Salvadori)
Scops feae Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 53, 1903, p. 95.
(Island of Annobon.)
Island of Annobon.
Otus senegalensis graueri Chapin
Otus senegalensis grauert Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 412, 1930, p. 4.
(Lueba, northwest shore of Lake Tanganyika.)
Coastlands of Kenya Colony, the greater part of Tanganyika Territory
and the region westward of Lake Tanganyika and Katanga.
Otus senegalensis hendersonii (Cassin)
Ephialtes Hendersonit Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852,
p. 186. (Off Novo Redondo, Angola.)
Angola and southwestern Congo.
Otus senegalensis pusillus (Gunning and Roberts)
Pisorhina capensis pusilla Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus.,
3, 1911, p. 111. (Namabieda, Boror, Portuguese East Africa.)
Greater part of Mozambique and probably adjoining portions of Nyasa-
land and Southern Rhodesia.
Otus senegalensis intermedius (Gunning and Roberts)
Pisorhina capensis intermedia Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv.
Mus., 3, 1911, p. 111. (Pretoria and Hector Spruit, Transvaal.)
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 95
Pisorhina capensis grisea Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 3,
1911, p. 111. (Bethulie, Orange Free State.) Not Scops griseus Jerdon.
Damaraland, Transvaal, southern Mozambique, Orange Free State and
northern Natal; absent from the dry coastal areas of South West Africa.
Otus senegalensis latipennis (Kaup)
Scops latipennis Kaup, Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1852, 1853, p. 110.
(Caffraria.) ?
Cape Province.
Otus flammeolus flammeolus (Kaup)
Scops (Megascops) flammeola ‘Licht.’ Kaup, Jardine’s Contr. Orn.
for 1852, 1858, p. 111. (Mexico.)
Southern British Columbia southward through the mountains of the
western United States and the temperate zone of Mexico.
Otus flammeolus rarus Griscom
Otus flammeolus guatemale Griscom, Ibis, 1935, p. 549. (Duefias, Guate-
mala.) Not Otus guatemalae (Sharpe) 1875.
Otus flammeolus rarus Griscom, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 391. New name for
the foregoing.
Highlands of Guatemala.
Otus brookii solokensis (Hartert)
Pisorhina solokensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1893, p. 39. (Solok
Mountains [t.e. Padang Highlands] Sumatra.)
Highlands of Sumatra.
Otus brookii brookii (Sharpe)
Scops brookii Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 4. (Mt. Dulit,
Sarawak, Borneo.)
Mountains of Java? and Borneo.
Otus rutilus pembaensis Pakenham
Otus pembaensis Pakenham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 37, 1937, p. 112.
(Pemba Island.)
Confined to Pemba Island, off the coast of East Africa.
Otus rutilus capnodes (Gurney)
Scops capnodes Gurney, Ibis, 1889, p. 104. (Anjuan Island.)
Anjuan (or Johanna) Island in the Comoro Group.
1 Replaces Scops capensis A. Smith, 1834, invalid.
2 The Javan bird is probably separable; cf. Stresemann, antea, 1925, p. 193;
Chasen, antea, 1935, p. 87, note 1.
96 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus rutilus rutilus (Pucheran)
Scops rutilus Pucheran, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 29, note.
(Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
Otus manadensis sibutuensis (Sharpe)
Scops sibutuensis Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, 1893, p. 9. (Sibutu
Island, Philippines.)
Known only from the Island of Sibutu in the southwestern portion of the
Sulu Archipelago.
?Otus manadensis steerei Mearns
Otus steerei Mearns, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 36, 1909, p. 437. (Tumindao
Island, Philippines.)
Known only from the Island of Tumindao, close to Sibutu. Very
doubtfully distinct from O. m. sibutuensis.
Otus manadensis manadensis (Quoy and Gaimard)
Scops manadensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 170; Atlas, Ois., pl. 2, f. 2. (Manado, Celebes.)
Celebes; Great Sangir Island.
?Otus manadensis siaoénsis (Schlegel)
Scops siaoénsis Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1873, Noctuae Rev., p. 18.
(Siao Island.)
Siao Island, between the Sangir Islands and Celebes; doubtfully dis-
tinct from O. m. manadensis.
Otus manadensis sulaensis (Hartert)
Pisorhina sulaensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 5, 1898, p. 126. (Island of
Sula Mangoli.)
Known only from Sula Mangoli; doubtless occurs on the other islands
of the Sula Group.
Otus manadensis kalidupae (Hartert)
Pisorhina manadensis kalidupae Hartert, Nov. Zool., 10, 1903, p. 21.
(Kalidupa Island, Tukang Besi Islands.)
Known only from Kalidupa; may occur on other islands of the Tukang
Besi Group.
Otus manadensis morotensis (Sharpe)
Scops morotensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 75, pl. 7, f. 1.
(Morotai, Moluccas.)
Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Ternate
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 97
Otus manadensis leucospilus (G. R. Gray)
Ephialtes leucospila G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344.
(Batjan and Halmahera, Moluccas. Type from Batjan.)
Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Batjan.
Otus manadensis bouruensis (Sharpe)
Scops bouruensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 73, pl. 7, f. 2.
(Buru.)
Southern Moluccas: Buru.
Otus manadensis magicus (S. Miiller)
Strix magica S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk.,
pt. 4, 1841, p. 110, note. (Amboina.)
Southern Moluccas: Ceram, Amboina.
Otus manadensis albiventris (Sharpe)
Scops albiventris Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 78, pl. 8, f. 1.
(Flores.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Lomblen.
Otus manadensis tempestatis (Hartert)
Pisorhina manadensis tempestatis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 11, 1904, p. 190.
(Wetar Island.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Wetar.
Otus beccarii (Salvadori)
Scops beccarii Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875 (1876),
p. 906. (Misori.)
Island of Biak (formerly called Misori) in Geelvink Bay.
Otus silvicola (Wallace)
Scops silvicola [sic] Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863 (1864),
p. 487. (Flores.)
Coastal forests on the islands of Flores and Sumbawa.
Otus whiteheadi (Ogilvie-Grant)
Scops whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. 40.
(Mountains of Lepanto, northern Luzon.)
Island of Luzon.
Otus insularis (Tristram)!
Gymnoscops insularis Tristram, Ibis, 1880, p. 458. (Mahé, Seychelles.)
Seychelles; known only from Mahé.
1 This species possesses no characters that entitle it to recognition as the
monotypic genus Gymnoscops. Stresemann, antea, 1925, p. 195, note, believes
it to be related to the scops group; in my opinion it is a bakkamoena offshoot.
98 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus bakkamoena ussuriensis (Buturlin)
Scops semitorques ussuriensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 119.
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.)
Southern and southeastern Manchuria east to Ussuriland and south to
Korea; Island of Sakhalin.
Otus bakkamoena semitorques Temminck and Schlegel
Otus semitorques Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap.,
Aves, 1850, p. 24, pl. 8. (Japan.)
Otus bakkamoena linae Floericke, Mitt. Vogelw., 1921, p. 103. (North-
ern Japan.)
Kurile Islands: Kunashiri; Japan: Hokkaido, Hondo, Oshima, Shikoku,
Tsushima, Kiusiu; Quelpart Island.
Otus bakkamoena pryeri (Gurney)
Scops pryert Gurney, Ibis, 1889, p. 302. (Okinawa, Riu Kiu Islands.)
Otus bakkamoena hatchizionis Momiyama, Dobuts. Zasshi, 35, 1923,
p. 400. (Hatchizioshima, Seven Islands of Izu.)
Islands of Hachijo and Okinawa.
Otus bakkamoena glabripes (Swinhoe)
Ephialtes glabripes Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 6, 1870,
p. 152. (South China and Formosa.)
Southern China from Szechuan (?),! and Anhwei south to Yunnan and
Tonkin; Island of Formosa.
Otus bakkamoena umbratilis (Swinhoe)
Ephialtes umbratilis Swinhoe, Ibis, 1870, p. 342, note. (Hainan.)
Island of Hainan.
Otus bakkamoena lettia (Hodgson)
Scops lettia Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 176. (Nepal.)
Eastern Himalayas from Nepal to eastern Assam, south to eastern
Bengal; all of Burma and northern Siam.
Otus bakkamoena plumipes (Hume)
Ephialtes Plumipes Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870, p. 397.
(Murree, Kotegurh and Garhwal, z.e. Murree.)
Northwestern Himalayas between 3000 and 7000 feet, from Murree to
Naini Tal.
1 Recorded from Szechuan by David and Oustalet but not secured by recent
collectors; the plate in the ‘‘Atlas’” to David and Oustalet’s Ois. Chine re-
sembles O. b. lettia as much as it does glabripes. The specimens taken in Hupeh
by Zappey are certainly not this form; they can hardly be referred to plumipes.
The bird taken 29 Jan., 1909 might possibly be considered as a winter straggler
of ussuriensis; the one collected 4 June, 1907 can hardly be separated from
semitorques.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 99
Otus bakkamoena deserticolor Ticehurst
Otus bakkamena deserticolor Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922,
p. 57. (Hyderabad, Sind.)
Baluchistan and Sind; southeastern Arabia (Masqat) ?
Otus bakkamoena gangeticus Ticehurst
Otus bakkamena gangeticus Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922,
p. 122. (Fatehgarh, United Provinces.)
Rajputana and the United Provinces.
Otus bakkamoena marathae Ticehurst
Otus bakkamena marathe Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, p. 122.
(Raipur, Central Provinces.)
Central Provinces eastward to Sambalpur and Manbhum in south-
western Bengal.
Otus bakkamoena bakkamoena Pennant
Otus bakkamoena Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p, 3, pl. 3. (Ceylon.)
Scops griseus Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 18, 1844, p. 119. (East-
ern Ghats.)
Southern India and Ceylon.
Otus bakkamoena condorensis Kloss
Otus bakkamoena condorensis Kloss, Journ. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl.,
8, 1930, p. 81. (Pulo Condor.)
Known definitely from Pulo Condor, off the mouths of the Mekong;
Chasen (antea 1935, p. 86) refers birds from Peninsular Siam to this race.
Otus bakkamoena kangeana Mayr
Otus bakkamena kangeana Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 14.
(Kangean Island.)
Confined to Kangean Island, north of Bali.
Otus bakkamoena lempiji (Horsfield)
Sriz [sic] Lempiji Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 18, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 140. (Java.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Banka, Billiton, Java, Bali, Borneo and
North Natuna Islands.
Otus bakkamoena mentawi Chasen and Kloss
Otus bakkamena mentawi Chasen and Kloss, Ibis, 1926, p. 279. (Sipora
Island.)
Islands of Siberut and Sipora; Pagi Islands.
100 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus bakkamoena fuliginosus (Sharpe)
Scops fuliginosa Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 197. (Vicinity of Puerto Princesa,
Palawan.)
Island of Palawan.
Otus bakkamoena boholensis McGregor
Otus boholensis McGregor, Phil. Journ. Sci., 2, sect. A, 1907, p. 323.
(Sevilla, Bohol.)
Island of Bohol.
Otus bakkamoena everetti (Tweeddale)
Scops everett Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879), p. 942.
(Zamboanga, Mindanao.)
Islands of Samar, Mindanao and Basilan.
Otus asio kennicottii (Elliot)
Scops Kennicottii Elliot, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1867, p. 99.
(Sitka, Alaska.)
Megascops asio saturatus Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 141. (Victoria,
Vancouver Island.)
Pacific coast region of northwestern North America from southeastern
Alaska to western Washington.
Otus asio brewsteri Ridgway
Otus asio brewsteri Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914,
p. 685 (in key), p, 700. (Salem, Oregon.)
Western United States, west of the Cascade Range,from Chelan County,
Washington, south to Humboldt County, California.
Otus asio bendirei (Brewster)
Scops asio bendiret Brewster, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Cl., 7, 1882, p. 31.
(Nicasio, California.)
Coast region of California, south of the range of O. a. brewstert, through
the San Francisco Bay area.
Otus asio macfarlanei (Brewster)
Megascops asio macfarlanei Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 140. (Walla
Walla, Washington.)
Interior of southern British Columbia south to eastern Oregon, Idaho
and western Montana.
Otus asio inyoensis Grinnell
Otus asio inyoensis Grinnell, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 213. (Independence, Inyo
County, California.)
Eastern California from the White Mountains south to Owen’s Valley
and southeastward to the Panamint Mountains; Nevada; northern Utah.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 101
Otus asio maxwelliae (Ridgway)
Scops asio e maxwellix Ridgway, Field and Forest, 2, 1877, p. 213.
(Mountains of Colorado = Boulder County.)
Eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains from
central (or eastern?) Montana and western South Dakota to central
Colorado.
Otus asio aikeni (Brewster)
Megascops asio aikent Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 139. (El Paso County,
Colorado.)
Central Colorado to New Mexico and central Texas, extending into
northern Mexico in State of Durango.
Otus asio swenki Oberholser
Otus asio swenki Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 354.
(Chadron, 3450 feet, Dawes County, Nebraska.)
Central southern Manitoba and western Minnesota southward through
western and central Nebraska and Kansas to central western Oklahoma.
Otus asio naevius (Gmelin)
Striz nevia Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 289. (New York.)
Northeastern Minnesota, Ontario, northern New York, northern New
England and New Brunswick, south to the highlands of eastern Kansas,
eastern Oklahoma, northern Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia.
Otus asio asio (Linné)
Striz Asio Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (America = South
Carolina, ex Catesby.)
Lower Austral zone of the Atlantic seaboard from Virginia to Georgia
and westward to southern Tennessee, ascending the valleys of the Mis-
sissippi drainage north to southern Illinois and west to southeastern
Kansas and eastern Oklahoma.
Otus asio floridanus (Ridgway)
Scops asio var. Floridanus Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873, p. 200
(Indian River, Florida.)
Florida Peninsula and the Gulf Coast to Louisiana.
Otus asio hasbroucki Ridgway
Otus asio hasbroucki Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914,
p. 684 (in key), p. 694. (Palo Pinto County, Texas.)
Central and northwestern Oklahoma south to Kerr and Travis counties,
Texas.
Otus asio mychophilus Oberholser
Otus asio mychophilus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937,
102 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
p. 356. (South Rim of the Grand Canyon, 6900 feet, Grand Canyon
Village, Arizona.)
North central Utah south to northern Arizona.
Otus asio mccallii (Cassin)
Scops McCallii Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Cal., Texas etc., pt. 6, 1854, p. 180.
(Texas and northern Mexico = Lower Rio Grande, Texas.)
Southern Texas from Kinney, Comal and Refugio counties south to
central Durango and central Tamaulipas.
Otus asio cineraceus (Ridgway)
Megascops asio cineraceus Ridgway, Auk, 12, 1895, p. 390. New name
for Megascops asio trichopsis Wagl., Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bads.,
1887, p. 261. (Northwestern Mexico and contiguous border of the
United States, type from Fort Huachuca, Arizona.)
Mountains of central and southern Arizona, southern New Mexico and
central-western Texas.
Otus asio cardonensis Huey
Otus asio cardonensis Huey, Auk, 48, 1926, p. 360. (Canyon San Juan
de Dios, 10 miles east of El Rosario, Lower California.)
Pacific slope of Lower California from San Quintin south to El Rosario.
Otus asio gilmani Swarth
Otus asio gilmani Swarth, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 7, 1910, p. 1. (Black-
water, Pinal County, Arizona.)
Cactus deserts of the Colorado River Valley in southeastern California
and southern Arizona south to northeastern Lower California and extreme
northern Sonora.
Otus asio clazus Oberholser
Otus asio clazus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 357.
(San Jacinto Mountains, 5500 feet, California.)
Confined to the San Jacinto Mountains and San Gabriel Mountains in
southern California.
Otus asio quercinus Grinnell
Otus asio quercinus Grinnell, Auk, 32, 1915, p. 60. (Pasadena, Cali-
fornia.)
Southern California west of the desert region and on the western slopes
of the Sierra Nevada north to Mount Shasta, south into northwestern
Lower California to about lat. 30° 30’ N.
Otus asio xantusi (Brewster)
Megascops xantust Brewster, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 41, 1902, p. 93.
(Santa Anita, Lower California.)
Cape district of Lower California.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 103
Otus asio vinaceus (Brewster)
Megascops vinaceus Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. (Durasno, Chi-
huahua.)
Known from the type, and from two other specimens taken at El Orito
in extreme northeastern Sinaloa.
Otus asio sinaloensis Moore
Otus asio sinaloensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 64.
(Guamuchil, Sinaloa.)
Deserts of southeastern Sonora and northwestern Sinaloa at elevations
between sea level and 1450 feet.
Otus trichopsis aspersus (Brewster)
Megascops aspersus Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 87. (El Carmen, Chi-
huahua.)
Mountains of southeastern Arizona and western Chihuahua; San Luis
Potosi.
Otus trichopsis pinosus (Nelson and Palmer)
Megascops pinosus Nelson and Palmer, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 39. (North-
east base of the Cofre de Perote, 8000 feet, near Las Vigas, Vera Cruz,
Mexico.)
Known only from the unique type; not certainly distinct from 0O. t.
trichopsis.
Otus trichopsis trichopsis (Wagler)
Scops trichopsis Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 276. (Mexico.)
Highlands of Mexico, probably from Jalisco to the Isthmus of Tehuan-
tepec; exact range not known.
Otus trichopsis guerrerensis van Rossem
Otus trichopsis guerrerensis van Rossem, Condor, 40, 1938, p. 258. (Omil-
teme, 8000 feet, Guerrero, Mexico.)
Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero.
Otus trichopsis mesamericanus van Rossem
Otus trichopsis mesamericanus van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat.
Hist., 7, 1932, p. 184. (Los Esesmiles, 8000 feet, Chalatenango, El
Salvador.)
Highlands of Guatemala and El Salvador.
Otus trichopsis pumilus Moore and Peters
Otus trichopsis pumilus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 47. (Cerro
Cantoral, Honduras.)
Mountains of Honduras.
104 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus barbarus (Sclater and Salvin)
Scops barbarus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 56.
(Santa Barbara, Vera Paz, Guatemala.)
Subtropical and humid temperate zones in the highlands of northern
Guatemala.
Otus guatemalae tomlini Moore
Otus guatemalae tomlini Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 65.
(La Guasimas, Sinaloa.)
Arid upper tropical and transition zones of the mountains of western
Mexico in southeastern Sonora, eastern Sinaloa and adjacent parts of
Durango.
Otus guatemalae hastatus (Ridgway)
Megascops hastatus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 10, 1887, p. 268.
(La Paz, Lower California, error, the type probably is from Mazatlan,
Sinaloa.)
Arid tropical zone of western Mexico from southwestern Sinaloa to
Guerrero.
Otus guatemalae cassini (Ridgway)
Scops brasilianus € cassint Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878,
p. 102. (Hacienda Mirador and Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico.)
Humid temperate zone of the mountains of Vera Cruz.
Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters
Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 52. (Mot-
zorongo, Vera Cruz.)
Humid subtropical zone of central Vera Cruz.
Otus guatemalae thompsoni Cole
Otus choliba thompsoni Cole, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 50, 1906, p. 123.
(Chichen Itza, Yucatan.)
Arid tropical parts of Yucatan, intergrading with the typical form in
Campeche.
Otus guatemalae guatemalae (Sharpe)
Scops guatemale Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 112, pl. 9.
(Guatemala. )
Megascops marmoratus Nelson, Auk, 14, 1897, p. 49. (Catemaco, 1200
feet, Vera Cruz.)
Subtropical zone in the mountains of extreme southeastern Vera Cruz,
Guatemala and Honduras.
Otus guatemalae dacrysistactus Moore and Peters
Otus guatemalae dacrysistactus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 53.
(Jalapa, Nicaragua.)
Subtropical zone in the mountains of northern Nicaragua.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 105
Otus guatemalae ! vermiculatus (Ridgway)
Megascops vermiculatus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 10, 1887, p. 267.
(Costa Rica.)
Costa Rica and Panama; birds from western Ecuador may prove refer-
able to this race.
Otus guatemalae napensis Chapman
Otus guatemale napensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928,
p. 3. (Below San José de Sumaco, eastern Ecuador.)
Eastern Ecuador.
Otus guatemalae roraimae (Salvin)
Scops roraime Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 38. (Roraima,
British Guiana.)
Lower slopes (below 3500 feet) on Mount Roraima, British Guiana-
Venezuela border and Mount Duida, Venezuela.
Otus roboratus Bangs and Noble
Otus roboratus Bangs and Noble, Auk, 40, 1918, p. 448. (Bellavista,
Peru.)
Northwestern Peru.
Otus cooperi (Ridgway)
Scops cooperi Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, p. 116. (Santa
Ana, Costa Rica.)
Arid upper tropical zone of the Pacific slope of Central America from
El Salvador to northwestern Costa Rica. The specimens from Oaxaca
recorded by Salvin and Godman? should be reexamined.
Otus choliba luctisonus Bangs and Penard
Otus choliba luctisonus Bangs and Penard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34,
1921, p. 89. (Escazi, Costa Rica.)
Costa Rica, Pacific slope of western Panama to the Canal Zone; Pearl
Islands; northwestern Colombia.
Otus choliba margaritae Cory
Otus choliba margarite Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1,
1915, p. 298: (Margarita Island, Venezuela.)
Arid tropical portions of northern Colombia and northern Venezuela;
Margarita Island.
1 Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 63, 1931, p. 64-65, believes that
vermiculatus is specifically distinct from guatemalae on the basis of the relatively
shorter tail and tarsus of the latter and because there is a specimen from the
Paria Peninsula of northeastern Venezuela in the American Museum of the
size and proportions of guatemalae, indicating that both birds may occur in
northern South America.
2 Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, 3, 1897, p. 19.
106 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus choliba crucigerus (Spix)
Strix crucigera Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 22, pl. 9. (“Juxta flumen
Amazonum.’’)
Forest region from eastern Colombia, Venezuela south of the Orinoco,
the Guianas, south for an undertermined distance into the region lying
south of the Amazon, west to northeastern Peru and east to northern
Maranhao; Island of Trinidad.
?Otus choliba alticola L. Kelso
Otus choliba alticola L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 8, 1937, p. [1]. (Bogotd,
Colombia.)
Believed to inhabit ‘‘the humid temperate or subtropical zone in the
mountains” of Colombia. This proposed form requires confirmation.
Otus choliba duidae Chapman
Otus choliba duide Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 7.
(Mount Duida, 5000 feet, Venezuela.)
Confined to the upper forested slopes of Mount Duida, Venezuela.
Otus choliba decussatus (Lichtenstein)
Strix decussata Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823,
p. 59. (Bahia.)
Central and eastern Brazil, south of the range of O. c. crucigerus, to
southern Matto Grosso, all of Minas Geraés, and Rio de Janeiro.
Otus choliba choliba (Vieillot)
Striz choliba Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 39. (Paraguay.)
Extreme southern Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo, south through eastern
Paraguay and northeastern Argentina to Buenos Aires and Uruguay.
Otus choliba wetmorei Brodkorb
Otus choliba wetmorei Brodkorb, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 33.
(Puerto Casado, Paraguayan Chaco.)
Southeastern Bolivia in departments of Santa Cruz and Tarija, Chaco
of Paraguay and Argentina; the birds from the Argentine province of
Tucuman are probably referable here.
Otus atricapillus (Temminck)
Strix atricapilla Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 25, 1822, pl. 145. (Brazil.)
Scops sanctx-catarine Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 37. (South-
ern Brazil.) }
Otus choliba maximus Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist. Nat.,
5, 1926, p. 124. (Vermelho, Parand, Brazil.)
Otus choliba pintoi L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 8, 1937, p. [1]. (Southern
Brazil.)
1 See Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 414.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 107
Central and southeastern Brazil in states of Goyaz, Sao Paulo, Parand,
Santa Catharina and Rio Grande do Sul; also recorded from the Argen-
tine side of the Alto Parana.
Otus ingens (Salvin)
Scops ingens Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 37. (Jima, Ecuador.)
Known only from the unique type.
Otus watsonii watsonii (Cassin)
Ephialtes Watsonii Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848, p. 123.
(South America; Napo region of eastern Ecuador proposed by Chap-
man, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 246; error = Orinoco
River, Venezuela, cf. Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 2.)
Otus vermiculatus hubert L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 53, 1936, p. 448.
(Bogota, Colombia.)
Eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, Surinam, northwestern Brazil,
eastern Ecuador and extreme northeastern Peru.
Otus watsonii usta ! (Sclater)
Scops usta Sclater, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 4, 1859, p. 265, pl. 61.
(Ega on the upper Amazon, 1.e. Teffé on the Solimées, Brazil.)
Brazil south of the Amazon, from the Jurud to the Tapajéz and south-
ward to northern Argentina (Tucumén).
Otus nudipes ? nudipes (Daudin)
Strix nudipes Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 199. (Puerto Rico.)
Island of Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles.
Otus nudipes newtoni (Lawrence)
Gymnoglauz Newtoni Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 1860,
p. 259. (St. Croix, Virgin Islands, ez Ibis, 1859, pl. 1.)
Islands of St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix, Greater Antilles.
Otus clarkii Kelso and Kelso
?Bubo nudipes Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., 1, 1807, p. 53, pl. 22. (Greater
Antilles.)
?Striz psilopoda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 46. (New
name for the foregoing.)
Otus clarkii L: and E. H. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 5, 1935 [not paged].
(Calobre, Panama.) *
Subtropical zone in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama.
1 This word is a feminine substantive.
2 This species has been for many years placed in the genus Gymnasio Bona-
parte 1854, of which it isthe type. It does not however possess any characters
sufficient to warrant its separation from Otus, and is merely a strongly marked
insular species of that genus.
3 The bird which for many years had been known as Otus nudipes (Vieillot)
108 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Otus albo-gularis albo-gularis (Cassin)
Syrnium albo-gularis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848
(1850), p. 124. (South America, restricted to Choachi, 15 miles east
of Bogota, by Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 254.)
Humid temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia and northern Ecuador.
Otus albo-gularis meridensis (Chapman)
Ciccaba albogularis meridensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 1923
p. 1. (Escorial, 2300 metres, near Mérida, Venezuela.)
Andes of Mérida, Venezuela.
Otus albo-gularis (?) aequatorialis (Chapman)
Ciccaba xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 31, 1922, p. 4.
(Ambato, 7.e. east of Los Bafios, Ecuador.)
Subtropical or humid temperate zone of eastern Ecuador.
Otus minimus (Carriker)
Ciccaba minima Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87, 1935, p. 313.
(Sta. Ana, 2000 feet, Rio Coroico, Dept. La Paz, Bolivia.)
Known only from the unique type.
Otus leucotis leucotis (Temminck)
Striz leucotis Temminck, PI. col., livr. 3, 1820, pl. 16. (Senegal.)
Asio leucotis nigrovertex Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 52, April, 1904, p. 233,
pl. 19, upper fig. (Gambo and Roba-Shalo, Ethiopia.)
Africa from Senegal eastward across the southern parts of French West
Africa to Ethiopia, south to Liberia, Gold Coast, Nigeria, savannas of
French Equatorial Africa, Uganda and Kenya Colony.
Otus leucotis margarethae von Jordans and Neubaur
Otus leucotis Margarethae von Jordans and Neubaur, Falco, 28, 1932,
p. 9. (Zankab, Bahr el Abiad.)
Darfur and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
Otus leucotis granti (Kollibay)
Scops erlangeri Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1906, p. 660. (South Africa; based
on nineteen cotypes from various parts of southern Africa.) Not
Pisorhina scops erlangert Tschusi, 1904.
Pisorhina leucotis granti Kollibay, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 148.
(South-West Africa.) New name for Scops erlangeri Ogilvie-Grant,
preoccupied.
was renamed by Mr. and Mrs. Kelso on the grounds that neither the text nor
plate of the original description applied to the species for which it was used.
In this they are absolutely correct and I myself think that Bubo nudipes
Vieillot is quite unidentifiable. It naturally follows that Strix psilopoda
Vieillot, having the same basis, is likewise unidentifiable.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 109
Southern Africa, north to the lower Congo and Kasai on the west and
to Tanganyika Territory on the east.
Otus hartlaubi (Giebel)
Athene leucopsis Hartlaub, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 496.
(Sao Thomé.) Not Athene leucopsts Gould, 1838, which is a Ninox.
Noctua Hartlaubi Giebel, Thes. Orn., 1, 1872, p. 448. New name for
Athene leucopsis Hartlaub, preoccupied.
Island of Sio Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea.
GENUS PYRROGLAUX YaAMASHINA
Pyrroglauxz Yamashina, Tori, 10, 1938, p.1. Type, by original designa-
tion and monotypy, Noctua podargina Hartlaub and Finsch.
cf. Yamashina, loc. cit.
Pyrroglaux podargina (Hartlaub and Finsch)
Noctua podargina Hartlaub and Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1872,
p. 90. (Palau Islands.)
Palau Islands: Babelthuap and Koror.
Genus MIMIZUKU HacuisuKka
Mimizuku Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 50. Type, by orig-
inal designation and monotypy, Pseudoptynx gurneyi Tweeddale.
cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 250-251. (Pseudoptynx
gurneyt.)
Mimizuku gurneyi (Tweeddale)
Pseudoptynx gurneyi Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879),
p. 940, pl. 58. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.)
Known only from the islands of Marinduque and Mindanao, Philippine
Islands.
Genus JUBULA BatTEs
Jubula Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 49, 1929, p. 90. Type, by original
designation, Bubo lettii Biittikofer.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 26-28.
Jubula lettii (Biittikofer)
Bubo letti Biittikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 11, 1889, p. 34. (Liberia.)
Liberia (where not found since its discovery); Ashanti, Cameroon, Rio
Muni and Belgian Congo: Uelle River and Luebo.
110 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
GreNus LOPHOSTRIX Lesson
Lophostrix Lesson, Compl. Oeuvres Buffon, 7, 1836, p. 261. Type, by
monotypy, Lophostrix griseata Lesson = Strix cristata Daudin.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 732-736.
Lophostrix cristata stricklandi Sclater and Salvin
Lophostrix stricklandi Sclater and Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 221. (Vera Paz,
Guatemala.)
Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz southward over Central
America to western Panama; western Colombia.
Lophostrix cristata wedeli Griscom
Lophostrix cristata wedeli Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 72, 1932,
p. 326. (Permé, Darien, Panama.)
Caribbean slope of eastern Panama.
Lophostrix cristata cristata (Daudin)
Striz cristata Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 207. (Guiana.)
The Guianas; valley of the Amazon from eastern Ecuador to Obidos.
Genus BUBO Dumérit !
Bubo Duméril, Zool. Analytique, 1806, p. 34. Type, by tautonymy,
Strix bubo Linné.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 412-417; 7,
1930, p. 382-383.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 34-46.
Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 347-370 (sep. paged repr., p. 1-24).
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 302-305.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912-13, p. 959-970.
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1932, p. 113-118.
Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904, p. 177-192.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 649-658.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 736-754.
Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 110-112.
Bubo virginianus algistus (Oberholser)
Asio magellanicus algistus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904,
p. 178 (in key), p. 190. (St. Michael, Alaska.)
Coast region of western Alaska from Kotzebue Sound to Bristol Bay.
Bubo virginianus lagophonus (Oberholser)
Asio magellanicus lagophonus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27,
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 185. (Fort Walla Walla, Washington.)
1 Includes Huhua Hodgson.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 111
Bubo virginianus leucomelas Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931,
p. 93. (Gordon Head, Victoria, British Columbia; winter specimen.)
Interior of Alaska, British Columbia east of the coastal mountains,
eastern Washington, northeastern Oregon and Idaho.
Bubo virginianus saturatus Ridgway
Bubo virginianus saturatus Ridgway, Rep. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel,
4, Orn., 1877, p. 572, note. (‘A northern littoral form,” no type local-
ity specified; Oberholser, 1904, gives Simiahmoo, Washington; Ridg-
way, 1914, states that the type is from Sitka, Alaska.)
Asto magellanicus icelus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904,
p. 178 (in key), p. 185. (San Luis Obispo, California.)
Humid Pacific coast region from Cook Inlet, Alaska, south along the
coast of California to about lat. 35° N.
Bubo virginianus pacificus Cassin
Bubo virginianus var. pacificus Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Calif., Texas, etc.,
pt. 6, 1854, p. 178. (‘“‘The West,” restricted to the ‘‘small southern
California subspecies” by Stone, Auk, 13, 1896, p. 155.)
California (except the Great Basin region, the parts of the coastal
region inhabited by saturatus, and the Colorado Desert area in the south-
east) north to southern Oregon, east to extreme west-central Nevada,
south to northwestern Lower California as far as lat. 30° N.
Bubo virginianus wapacuthu (Gmelin)
Strix Wapacuthu Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 290. (Woods
about Hudson Bay.)!
Bubo subarcticus Hoy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852 (1853),
p. 211. (Racine, Wisconsin.)
Breeds in northern North America from tree limit in the Mackenzie
Valley eastward to Hudson Bay and south to northern Alberta, Sas-
katchewan, central Manitoba and northern Ontario. In winter to the
northern tier of the United States from Idaho to Wisconsin.
Bubo virginianus occidentalis Stone
Bubo virginianus occidentalis Stone, Auk, 13, 1896, p. 155. (Mitchell
County, Iowa. Winter specimen.)
Central Alberta, southern Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba to
northeastern California, Nevada, Colorado, Kansas and western Min-
nesota.
Bubo virginianus pallescens Stone
Bubo virginianus pallescens Stone, Am. Nat., 31, 1897, p. 237. (Watson
Ranch, 18 miles southwest of San Antonio, Texas.)
1 Based exclusively on the Wapacuthu Owl of Pennant (Arctic Zool., 1,
p. 231). Pennant’s description is a composite, part applying to Nyctea scan-
diaca and part to the present form.
112 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Southeastern California (Colorado Desert), Arizona, New Mexico and
central Texas, south to extreme northeastern Lower California, Sonora,
Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila and Nuevo Leon; intergrading with
B. v. virginianus in southeastern Texas.
Bubo virginianus heterocnemis (Oberholser)
Asio magellanicus heterocnemis Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27,
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 187. (Lance au Loup, Labrador.)
Bubo virginianus neochorus Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 27, 1914,
p. 46. (Fox Island River, Newfoundland.)
Wooded portions of Ungava and Labrador (north to Fort Chimo and
Okkak), Newfoundland and Nova Scotia; the birds of eastern New
Brunswick may prove referable to this form. Casual in winter to Ontario
and New England.
Bubo virginianus virginianus (Gmelin)
Strix virginiana Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 287. (America =
Virginia.)
Southern Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick, south to the Gulf coast
and Florida, west to eastern Minnesota, southeastern South Dakota,
eastern Kansas, Oklahoma and eastern Texas, intergrading with pallescens
in southeastern Texas.
Bubo virginianus elachistus Brewster
Bubo virginianus elachistus Brewster, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 41, 1902,
p. 96. (Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California.)
Lower California south of lat. 30° N.; Espirito Santo Island.
Bubo virginianus mayensis Nelson
Bubo virginianus mayensis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, 1901,
p. 170. (Chichen Itza, Yucatan.)
Asio magellanicus melancerus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27,
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 180. (Tehuantepec City, Oaxaca.)
Asio magellanicus mesembrinus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27,
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 179. (San José, Costa Rica.)
Mexico from Jalisco, Guanajuato, San Luis Potosf and southern
Tamaulipas southward over Central America to western Panama.*
Bubo virginianus elutus Todd
Bubo virginianus elutus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 30, 1917, p. 6.
(Lorica, Bolfvar, Colombia.)
Known only from the type locality in eastern Colombia.
1 For a brief review of Middle American Great Horned Owls cf. Griscom,
Ibis, 1935, p. 546-547.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 1138
Bubo virginianus nigrescens Berlepsch
Bubo nigrescens Berlepsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1884, p. 309.
(Cechce, 10,000 feet, western Ecuador.)
Upper arid temperate and paramo zones of Ecuador.
Bubo virginianus scotinus Oberholser
Bubo virginianus scotinus Oberholser, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci.,
Sci. Bull., 1, 1908, p. 371. (Caicara, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela.)
Known only from the type locality in the Orinoco valley of Venezuela.
Bubo virginianus deserti Reiser
Bubo magellanicus deserti Reiser, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-
Naturwiss. K1., 52, 1905, no. 18, p. 324. (Salitres near Joazeiro, Bahia,
Brazil.)
Known only from the type locality.
Bubo virginianus nacurutu (Vieillot)
Strix nacurutu Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 44. (‘“Magel-
lanic lands,’’ ex “hibou des terres magellaniques” of Buffon, pl. 385
[erroneously cited by Vieillot as 383].) ?
South America from Peru, northwestern Brazil (Rio Branco), Matto
Grosso, SAo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro to the Straits of Magellan.
Bubo bubo bubo (Linné)
Strix Bubo Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted
type locality, Sweden.)
Bubo bubo norwegicus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 58, 1910, p. 412.
(Norway.)
Bubo bubo hungaricus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 58, 1910, p. 412.
(Hungary.)
Bubo bubo engadinensis Burg, Weidmann, 1921, no. 9, p. 6. (Engadine,
Switzerland.)
Scandinavia and the forested parts of northern Russia south to the
Pyrenees, Italy, Greece and northern Ukrainia, eastward to Moscow.
Bubo bubo hispanus Rothschild and Hartert
Bubo bubo hispanus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 110.
(Aguilas, Spain.)
Iberian Peninsula.
Bubo bubo interpositus Rothschild and Hartert
Bubo bubo interpositus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910,
p. 111. (Eregli, Asia Minor.)
1 Replaces Bubo magellanicus Gmelin of Sharpe’s Hand-list and authors,
not applicable.
114 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Bubo bubo aharonii Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 112.
(Wadi Suenit, Jordan Valley, Palestine.)
Bubo bubo armeniacus Nesterov, Annuaire Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci.
St. Pétersb., 16, 1911, p. 378, note. (Armenia.)
Bubo bubo tauricus Buturlin, Opredelitel ptits S.S.S.R., 1928, p. 114.
(Kara-Aktatchi, Crimea.)
Bubo bubo nativus Gavrilenko, Sbirnik Poltawsk Muz., 1, 1928, p. 279.
(Mirgorod, Poltava, Ukrainia.)
Bubo bubo transcaucasicus Tschchikwischwili, Bull. Mus. Géorgie, 5,
1930, p. 97. (Transcaucasia.)
Steppe regions of Ukrainia south of the portion occupied by B. b. bubo;
Crimea, Caucasus, Asia Minor and Syria.
Bubo bubo ruthenus Buturlin and Zhitkov
Bubo bubo ruthenus Buturlin and Zhitkov, Mém. Soc. Imp. Géogr. Russ.,
41, 1906, p. 271. (Simbirsk, Russia.)
Southeastern Russia from the valley of the Volga in Nizhni Novgorod
eastward to about long. 52° E. in Perm and south to Voronezh and the
mouths of the Volga.
Bubo bubo baschkiricus Sushkin
Bubo bubo baschkiricus Sushkin, Alauda (2), 4, 1932, p. 395. (Ufa.)
Bachkirie Steppes east of long. 52° E. in governments of Samara and
Ufa.
Bubo bubo sibiricus (Gloger)
Strix sibirica ‘‘Licht.’’ Gloger, Das Abandern der Végel, 1833, p. 142.
(Ural Mountains.)
Western foothills of the Urals eastward across west-central Siberia to
Tomsk and the western Altai, extending northward to the limits of the
forest.
Bubo bubo yenisseensis Buturlin
Bubo bubo yenisseensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 26. (Kras-
noyarsk, middle Yenessei River, Siberia.) In Russian.
Forest region of central Siberia from the valley of the Yenessei south-
ward through the Altai to Tarbagatai and Saur, eastward to the region
west of Lake Baikal.
Bubo bubo dauricus Stegmann
Bubo bubo dauricus ‘“Sushk.’’ Stegmann, Annuaire Mus. Zool. Acad.
Sci. U.R.S.S., 1929, p. 178. (Soktui and vicinity of Aga, Trans-
baikalia.)
Daurian Steppes and northern Mongolia.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 115
Bubo bubo jakutensis Buturlin
Bubo jakutensis Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 287 and note.
(Yakutsk subprovince.)
Region of the upper and middle Lena River from about lat. 64° N.
southward to Olekminsk, possibly extending eastward to the Sea of
Okhotsk.
Bubo bubo ussuriensis Poljakov
Bubo bubo doerriesi ‘“Seebohm” Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 78.
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.) Not Bubo doerriesi Seebohm, 1895.
Bubo bubo ussuriensis Poljakov, Orn. Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 44. (Nikolsk-
Ussuriski, Ussuriland.)
Region of the lower Amur and Ussuriland.
Bubo bubo inexpectatus Bangs
Bubo bubo inexpectatus Bangs (er Sushkin MS.) in La Touche’s Handb.
Bds. East. China, 2, pt. 2, Jan., 1932, p. 118. (Chiu Lung Shan,
Chihli.)
Bubo bubo inexpectatus Démentiev (ex Sushkin MS.), Alauda (2), 4,
Oct.—Dec., 1932 (30 Jan., 1933), p. 394. (Manchuria.)
Manchuria and northern China in provinces of Shansi and Chihli.
Bubo bubo tenuipes Clark
Bubo tenuipes Clark, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, p: 470. (Fusan,
Korea.)
Bubo bubo yamashinai Momiyama, Dobuts. Zasshi, 42, 1930, p. 329.
(Obihiro, Tokachi, Hokkaido.)
Resident in Korea, recorded from the southern Kurile Islands and from
Hokkaido, Kiusiu (Goto Islands) and Amami-Oshima.
Bubo bubo borissowi Hesse
Bubo bubo borissowi Hesse, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 366. (Sakhalin.)
Sakhalin.
Bubo bubo turcomanus (Eversmann)
Striz turcomana Eversmann, Addenda Pallas Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat.,
fasc. 1, 1835, p. 3 (Ust Urt.)
Bubo bubo eversmanni Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 361. (Tur-
angly, Aral Sea, «, and Inderski Mountains, ¢.) 4
Region of the lower Ural River eastward to a point somewhere north-
ward of the Aral Sea, south to about lat. 40° N.
1 Meinertzhagen, Ibis, 1927, p. 604-606, gives an account of the color varia-
tions found among the specimens of Bubo bubo from central Asia, and on the
basis of specimens examined in the Rothschild Collection and the British
Museum concludes that B. b. turcomanus is the name to be applied to the birds
116 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Bubo bubo zaissanensis Chachlov
Bubo bubo zaissanensis Chachlov, Orn., Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 224. (Zaissan
Kul.) in Russian.
Bubo bubo tarimensis Buturlin, Opredelitel ptits S.S.S.R., 1928, p. 114.
(Lob nor, Tarim Basin, Chinese Turkestan.)
Bubo bubo auspicabilis Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 364. (Vicinity
of Pichpeck, o, and Bass-beltek, ¢, Alexandrovski Mountains.)
Bubo bubo omissus Démentiev, Alauda (2), 4, 1932, p. 392. (Ashkabad,
Transcaspia. )
Bubo bubo paradoxus Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polonici, 1,
1933, p. 79. (Pul-i-chatum, Hari-rud, Transcaspia.) !
Southern Transcaspia, Turkestan (east of the Aral Sea), Lake Zaissan,
the southern Altai and Dzungaria, south to northeastern Persia, the Pamirs
and Chinese Turkestan.
Bubo bubo nikolskii Zarudny
Bubo bubo nikolskii Zarudny, Orn. Jahrb., 16, 1905, p. 142. (Jebel-
Tniie Mts., Arabistan, Persia.)
Persia in provinces of Luristan and Arabistan; birds from Iraq should
probably be referred here.
Bubo bubo tibetanus Bianchi
Bubo bubo tibetanus Bianchi, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 69. (Upper
Yangtse River in southeastern Tibet.)
Central and eastern Tibet, southward to the Himalayas and eastward
into western Kansu.
Bubo bubo kiautschensis Reichenow
Bubo kiautschensis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 85. (Kiao-
chow, Shantung, China.)
Bubo bubo setschuanus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 86.
(Szechuan. )
Central and eastern China in provinces of Szechuan, Hupeh, Anhwei,
Shantung and Kiangsu.
not only of Transcaspia but to those from Turkestan, Ladak, Tibet and
China east to Shansi and the lower Yangtse. My own personal feeling is that
naming of subspecies in Bubco bubo has been greatly overdone, especially in
view of the large amount of individual variation and the comparatively small
series available from given localities. However insufficiency of material pre-
cludes the formation of first-hand opinion on the validity or non-validity of
any particular race, and I have therefore followed the most recent views, but
with the feeling that the last word has not been said.
1 Described from a single specimen; the type locality is 80 kilometres south
of Serako, on the Hari River in Transcaspia, close to the Persian-Afghanistan
boundary.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE nL
?Bubo bubo jarlandi La Touche
Bubo bubo jarlandi La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1921, p. 14.
(Mountains near Mengtz, Yunnan.)
Southeastern Yunnan.!
Bubo bubo swinhoei Hartert
Bubo bubo swinhoei Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 966. (Kiu-
kiang, Kiangsi, China.)
Southeastern China in provinces of Kiangsi, Chekiang, Fukien and
Kwangtung.
?Bubo bubo hemachalana Hume
B[ubo] Hemachalana A. O. H. [ = Hume], Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 315.
(Kulu, 12,000 feet, India.)
Range not known; validity uncertain.”
Bubo bubo bengalensis (Franklin)
Otus Bengalensis Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1830-31
(1831), p. 115. (The Ganges between Calcutta and Benares and in the
Vindhyan Hills between the latter place and Gurra Mundela.)
India from Kashmir through the lower Himalayas to Assam, south to
Sind, the Nilgiris, the region south of Madras, and Arrakan.
Bubo bubo ascalaphus Savigny
Bubo Ascalaphus Savigny, Descr. Egypte, 1, pt. 1, 1809, p. 110, Ois.,
pl.3,f.2. (Upper Egypt.)
Bubo ascalaphus barbarus Erlanger, Orn. Monatsb., 5, 1897, p. 192.
(Oued Kasserine, central Tunisia.)
Semi-desert regions of northern Africa from Morocco to Egypt; Sinai,
southern Palestine and the Syrian Desert.
Bubo bubo desertorum Erlanger
Bubo ascalaphus desertorum Erlanger, Orn. Monatsb., 5, 1897, p. 192.
(Sidi Al bin Aoun, southern Tunisia.)
Desert regions of northern Africa (south of the range of B. b. ascala-
phus) from Tunisia to the Nile and south to Timbuktu, the Air Massif
and the Sudan; central Arabian desert.’
1 Known only from the unique type, a 9 with traces of the downy juvenile
feathers on the head; the so-called subspecific differences may well be due to
the freshness of the plumage or to the bird being an individual variant of kiaut-
schensis. The specimen from Momien [now Tenghuey] in western Yunnan is
probably not referable here.
2 In the absence of the type specimen and with only a very meagre diagnosis
to fall back on, it seems very doubtful whether Hume’s name can be used for
any race of Bubo bubo; it may be an earlier name for auspicabilis or tibetanus,
or it might apply to an endemic race in extreme northwestern India.
3 The ranges of ascalaphus and desertorum appear to inosculate, the distribu-
118 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Bubo capensis dillonii des Murs and Prévost
Bubo Dillonit des Murs and Prévost, Rev. Zool., 1846, p. 242. (Abys-
sinia; Ouodgerate, northeastern Ethiopia, fixed as restricted type
locality by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937,
p. 158.)
Ethiopia from Senafe to Shoa and probably to the Djamdjam country.
Bubo capensis mackinderi Sharpe
Bubo mackinderi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1899, p. 28. (Mount
Kenya, 13,000 feet.)
Mountains of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory south to Iringa.
Bubo capensis capensis A. Smith
Bubo Capensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 317. (Near
Cape Town, South Africa.)
Cape Province and Natal.
Bubo africanus cinerascens Guérin-Méneville
Bubo cinerascens Guérin-Méneville, Rev. Zool., 1848, p. 321. (Abys-
sinia; Adowa, Ethiopia fixed as restricted type locality by Grant and
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 158.)
Africa from French Guinea eastward across the Upper Guinean savanna
region and through the Sudan to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somaliland,
southward to Gaboon, northern Uganda and northern Kenya Colony.
Bubo africanus africanus (Temminck)
Strix africana Temminck, PI. col., livr. 9, 1821, pl. 50. (Cape of Good
Hope.) !
Asio maculosus amerimnus Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905,
p. 856. (Durban, Natal.)
Bubo ascalaphus trothae Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 10.
(Keetmanshoop, South West African Protectorate.)
East Africa from Uganda and Kenya Colony (intergrading with the
preceding race in these two dependencies) southward; north to the southern
Belgian Congo and Angola.
Bubo africanus milesi Sharpe
Bubo milesi Sharpe, Ibis, 1886, p. 163, pl. 6. (Muscat [7.e. Masqat],
Arabia.)
Southern Arabia.
tion of the two forms being very closely linked with environment; the former
is a bird of the semi-desert areas, the latter one of the absolute desert; both
forms have been taken at the same places in Egypt 7.e. the Faiyum and Great
Pyramid; a specimen referable to desertorum has also been recorded from south-
ern Palestine.
1 Replaces Strix maculosa Vieillot, of Sharpe’s Hand-list, not identifiable;
for details see Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 62, 1914, p. 37-38.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 119
Bubo poensis poensis Fraser
Bubo Poensis Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1853, p. 13. (Fer-
nando Po.)
Gold Coast and southern Nigeria eastward to the Ubangi River and to
the Ituri district of the Belgian Congo, southward through Cameroon to
Landana; Island of Fernando Po.
Bubo poensis vosseleri Reichenow
Bubo vosseleri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 1389. (Amani,
Tanganyika Territory.)
Known only from the Usambara Mountains in Tanganyika Territory.
Bubo nipalensis nipalensis Hodgson
Bubo nipalensis Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 172. (Nepal.)
The Himalayas from Kumaon eastward to Assam, south over the Indian
Peninsula and to central Burma; recorded from Laos and upper Annam.
Bubo nipalensis blighi Legge
Bubo blight Legge, Bds. Ceylon, pt. 1, 1878, p. 133. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon.
Bubo sumatrana sumatrana (Raffles)
Strix Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822,
p. 279. (Sumatra.)
Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra;
Banka.
Bubo sumatrana strepitans (Temminck)
Strix orientalis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 18, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 140. (Java.) Not Strix orientalis Shaw, 1809.
Strix strepitans Temminck, PI. col., livr. 30, 1823, pl. 174. (Batavia,
Java.)
Java, Bali and Borneo.
Bubo shelleyi (Sharpe and Ussher)
Huhua shelleyi Sharpe and Ussher, Ibis, 1872, p. 182. ene Gold
Coast.)
Recorded only from Liberia, Gold Coast and southern Cameroon; four
specimens known.
1 Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1932, p. 235,
have shown that Ceylon specimens are smaller than those from northern and
central India, but due to lack of material, are unable to decide whether birds
from Travancore should be referred to the typical form, or to the Ceylon race.
Should the latter prove to be the case the name Huhua pectoralis Jerdon,
Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 10, 1840, p. 89, pl. 1 (Malabar) would have to re-
place H. n. blight Legge; otherwise pectoralis would fall as a synonym of
nipalensis.
120 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Bubo lacteus (Temminck.)
Strix lactea Temminck, PI. col., livr. 1, 1820, pl. 4. (Senegal.)
Greater part of Africa south of the Sahara from Senegal to Ethiopia,
Bogosland and Somaliland, south to Cape Province; absent from the
equatorial forest areas.
Bubo coromandus coromandus (Latham)
Strix coromanda Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 53. (Coromandel
Coast.)
India from Sind and the Punjab east to western Bengal and south over
the northern half of the Indian Peninsula at least to Khandesh and
Raipur, possibly to Mysore.
Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson
Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus.,
4, 1911, p. 246. (Gunong Semanggol, Perak, Malay States.)
Arakan, Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula; Siam (?); records from
Burma probably pertain to this race.
Bubo leucostictus Hartlaub
Bubo leucostictus ‘‘Temm.”’ Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 354.
(Dabocrom, Gold Coast.)
Distribution not thoroughly known, but recorded from Sierra Leone,
Liberia, Gold Coast, Dahomey, Cameroon, Gaboon and Landana; in the
Belgian Congo eastward to Medje and southward to Lukolela.
Grenus PSEUDOPTYNX Kauvp
Pseudoptynx Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, Bd. 1, p. 110. Type, by
monotypy, Pseudoptynx philippensis Kaup.}
cf. Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., 2, 1934, p. 48-50.
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 249-252 (excl. gurneyt).
Pseudoptynx philippensis philippensis Kaup
Scops Philippensis G. R. Gray, List Spec. Bds. Brit. Mus., 1844,
Accipitres, p. 45. Nomen nudum.
Syrnium philippense G. R. Gray, List Spec. Bds. Brit. Mus., 1848,
Accipitres, ed. 2, p. 105. Nomen nudum; Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1,
1850, p. 52. Nomen nudum?
1 The generic name first appeared in Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 770; no diag-
nosis was appended and the name of the single included species was a nomen
nudum, hence the generic name at its first introduction did not have nomen-
clatural standing.
2 I do not construe Bonaparte’s parenthetical “‘minime Bubo!’ as a descrip-
tion.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 121
Pseudoptynz philippensis Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, pt. 1, p. 110.
(Philippine Islands.) First description.
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Cebu.
Pseudoptynx philippensis mindanensis Ogilvie-Grant
Pseudoptynx mindanensis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906,
p. 99. (Davao, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Mindanao.
Genus KETUPA Lesson
Ketupa Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 114. Type, by tautonymy,
Ketupa javanensis Lesson = Strix ketupu Horsfield.
Strigonax W. Miller, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p, 515. Type,
by original designation, Bubo blakistont Seebohm.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 405-412; 7,
1930, p. 380-381.
Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 120-123.
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossic., 1, 1935, p. 48.
Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 970-973.
Meise, Orn. Monatsb., 41, 1933, p. 169-173.
Ketupa blakistoni piscivorus (Meise)
Bubo blakistoni piscivorus Meise, Orn. Monatsb., 41, 1933, p. 169.
(Jakschi, west of the Great Khingan, on the East Siberian Railroad,
75 km. northwest of the Khingan siding.)
Known definitely only from the type locality in western Manchuria.
Ketupa blakistoni doerriesi (Seebohm)
Bubo doerriesi Seebohm, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. 4. (Sidemi on
the lower Ussuri.)
Confined to the region of the lower Ussuri River south to Vladivostock.
Ketupa blakistoni karafutonis (Kuroda)
Bubo blakistoni karafutonis Kuroda, Tori, 7, 1931, p. 41, Japanese text,
p. 42, English text. (Island of Sakhalin.)
Sakhalin, south of the Tym River.
Ketupa blakistoni blakistoni (Seebohm)
Bubo blakistont Seebohm, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883 (1884), p. 466.
(Hokkaido, Japan; type from Hakodate, fide Hartert.)
Resident on the Island of Kunashiri in the southern Kuriles and on
Hokkaido.
1 [ quite agree with Meise that Bubo blakistoni belongs not with the “‘Eagle
Owls” but with the “Fish Owls”; I cannot however follow him in uniting
Ketupa with Bubo.
122 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ketupa zeylonensis semenowi Zarudny
Ketupa semenowi Zarudny, Orn. Jahrb., 16, 1905, p. 141. (Eastern
slopes of the Zagros Mountains, Persian Arabistan; @ cotype from
Schuster, 2 cotype from Tscheschme-Rogan.)
Locally distributed from Palestine, southwestern Asia Minor, Iraq
and adjacent parts of Persia to Sind and the North-west Frontier Province.
Perhaps not separable from K. z. leschenault.
Ketupa zeylonensis leschenault (Temminck)
Strix leschenault Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 4, 1820, pl. 20. (Eastern
provinces of India = Chandranagore by designation of Stuart Baker,
antea, 1927, p. 409.)
All of India south of the Himalayas, Assam, Burma (except northeast-
ern) and Siam.
Ketupa zeylonensis zeylonensis (Gmelin)
Striz zeylonensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 287. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon.
Ketupa zeylonensis orientalis Delacour
Ketupa ceylonensis [sic] orientalis Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47,
1926, p. 11. (Dakto, Annam.)
Northeastern Burma; all of French Indochina; southeastern China in
provinces of Kwangtung and Kwangsi; Island of Hainan; the specimen
recorded by LaTouche from southeastern Yunnan is probably referable
to this race.
Ketupa flavipes (Hodgson)
Cultrunguis Flavipes Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 364,
pl. 26. (Nepal.)
The Himalayas from Kashmir to western China south to Assam and
northern Burma; lower Yangtse Valley; Formosa; Tonkin; Cochin-
china.
Ketupa ketupu ketupu (Horsfield)
Strix Ketupu Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 138, pt. 1, 1821, p. 141.
(Java.)
Malay States, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Billiton, Banka, Java, Bali
and Borneo (except that portion occupied by B. k. pagel).
Ketupa ketupu aagaardi (Neumann)
Bubo ketupu aagaardi Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1935, p. 138.
(Bang Nara, Peninsular Siam.)
Southern Assam and Burma, southward and eastward to Peninsular
Siam and Annam.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 123
Ketupa ketupu pageli (Neumann)
Bubo ketupu pageli Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1936, p. 138.
(Marudo Bay, Bengkoka River, eastern coast of British North
Borneo.)
Apparently confined to northeastern Borneo; doubtfully distinct from
K.k. ketupu.
Ketupa ketupu minor Biittikofer
Ketupa minor Biittikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 18, 1896, p. 165. (Nias
Island.)
Bubo ketupu biittikoferi Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 84.
New name for K. minor Biittikofer, not available if Ketupa is merged
with Bubo by reason of Bubo minor Schlegel, 1862.
Confined to Nias Island.
Genus SCOTOPELIA Bonaparte
Scotopelia Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. Type, by monotypy,
Strix peli Temm. 7.e. Bonaparte.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 46-51.
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p.
158-159.
Scotopelia peli (Bonaparte)
Striz peli “‘Temm.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. (Ashanti.)
Scotopelia oustaleti Rochebrune, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 7, 1883,
p. 165. (Senegambia.)
Scotopelia peli fischeri Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 172, 173.
(Kau, Kenya Colony.)
Scotopelia peli salvago-raggiit Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 172,
173. (Middle Tacazze River, northwestern Ethiopia.)
Tropical Africa from Senegal eastward across the Ubangi-Shari and the
gallery forests of the Belgian Congo to the Tacazze River in northwestern
Ethiopia, south to the Cuanza and Zambesi Rivers, more rarely to Natal
and eastern Cape Province.
Scotopelia ussheri Sharpe
Scotopelia usshert Sharpe, Ibis, 1871, p. 101, pl. 12. (Fanti, Gold Coast.)
Known only from Sierra Leone, Gallilee Mountain in Liberia and Fanti,
Gold Coast.
Scotopelia bouvieri Sharpe
Scotopelia bouvieri Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260. (Lopé, Ogowe River,
Gaboon.)
Confined chiefly to southern Cameroon, Gaboon, Loango Coast and
Landana; recorded from Liberia and from the northern and southern
borders of the Congo forest.
124 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Genus PULSATRIX Kaup
Pulsatrix Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 771. Type, by monotypy and
tautonymy, Strix torquata Daudin = Strix perspicillata Latham.
cf. Kelso Auk, 51, 1934, p. 234-236.
Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 19, 1935, p. 110-113.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 754-759.
SusBGENus PULSATRIX Kavup
Pulsatrix perspicillata saturata Ridgway
Pulsatrix perspicillata saturata Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50,
pt. 6, 1914, p. 758. (Santo Domingo, Oaxaca, Mexico.)
Pulsatrix perspicillata austini L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 10, 1938, p. 3.
(Pigres, Costa Rica.)
Southern Mexico from Vera Cruz and Oaxaca south over Central
America to northern Costa Rica on the Caribbean slope and to western
Panama on the Pacific.
Pulsatrix perspicillata chapmani Griscom
Pulsatrix perspicillata chapmani Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 72,
1932, p. 325. (Permé, Caribbean slope of Darien, eastern Panama.)
Pulsatrix perspicillata ecuadoreana L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 10, 1938,
p. 6. (Guayaquil, Ecuador.)
Eastern Costa Rica and all Panama (except the Pacific slope of western
Panama), southward over western Colombia to western Ecuador.
Pulsatrix perspicillata perspicillata (Latham)
Strix perspicillata Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 58. (Cayenne.)
Northern Colombia (tropical zone of the Santa Marta region), Vene-
zuela and the Guianas, south to eastern Peru, Matto Grosso, and the
lower stretches of the southern tributaries of the Amazon (Boim on the
Tapaj6z, Cameta on the Tocantins), east to Maranhao.
Pulsatrix perspicillata trinitatis Bangs and Penard
Pulsatrix perspicillata trinitatis Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zo6l., 62, 1918, p. 51. (Trinidad.)
Island of Trinidad.
Pulsatrix perspicillata pulsatrix (Wied)
Striz pulsatrix Wied, Reise Bras., 1, 1820, p. 366. (Rio Grande do Bel-
monte [z.e. Villa Belmonte] Bahia.)
Eastern Brazil from Goyaz and Bahia south to Rio Grande do Sul;
Paraguay.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 125
Pulsatrix perspicillata boliviana L. Kelso
Pulsatrix perspicillata boliviana L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 2, 1933,
p. [1]. (Carapari, 1000 metres, Bolivia.)
Southern Bolivia and northern Argentina.
SusBGENusS NOVIPULSATRIX L. KEtso
Novipulsatrixz L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 1, 1933, p. [1]. Type, by original
designation, Pulsatriz sharpei Berlepsch = Syrnium koeniswaldianum
Bertoni and Bertoni.
Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana (Bertoni and Bertoni)
Syrnium Koeniswaldianum M. and W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos
(1), no. 1, Jan., 1901, p. 175. (No locality but probably from near
Puerto Bertoni on the Alto Parand, Paraguay.)
Pulsatrix sharpei Berlepsch, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, Oct., 1901, p. 6.
(State of Espirito Santo, Brazil.)
Southern Brazil in states of Minas Geraés, Espirito Santo, Rio de Ja-
neiro, Séo Paulo and Parand; eastern Paraguay; northeastern Argentina
in Territory of Misiones.
Pulsatrix melanota (Tschudi)
Noctua melanota Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, Bd. 1, 1844, p. 266.
(Peru.)
Pulsatriz fasciativentris Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat.
Comp. Torino, 15, 1900, no. 368, p. 32. (Valle del Zamora, Ecuador.)
Eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru.
Genus NYCTEA STEPHENS
Nyctea Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, pt. 2, 1825 (1826), p. 62.
Type, by tautonymy and monotypy,! Strix erminea Shaw = Strix
nyctea Linné = Strix scandiaca Linné.
cf. Lonnberg, Ibis, 1931, p. 306 (nomenclature).
Pleske, Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, 1928, p. 161-172 (distribu-
tion on Eurasian tundra.)
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 767-772.
Nyctea scandiaca (Linné)
Striz scandiaca Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (‘Habitat in
Alpibus Lapponiae” ex Fn. Suec., Aves no. 46, there based on a
drawing by Rudbeck.)
Strix Nyctea Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe and North
America, restricted type locality Sweden.)
1 The second species, Nyctea wapacuthu, is a “species inquirenda”’ from the
standpoint of the author.
126 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Resident on the tundras of the Holarctic region and islands in the Arctic
Ocean, south to Lapland, the lower Pechora, Yamal Peninsula, the lower
Indigirka, mouth of the Kolyma, northern coast of the Chuckchi Penin-
sula, islands in Bering Sea, northern Alaska, central Mackenzie, central
Keewatin, northern Ungava and northern Greenland; north to Franz
Josef Land in the Old World and to about lat. 83° N. in the New. Dis-
tribution rather local; not resident in Spitsbergen. Partially migratory;
in some years a large exodus takes place and on these occasions the species
occurs as far south as the British Isles, Holland, northern Germany,
central Russia, southern Siberia, Turkestan, northern China, Japan
(Hondo), central United States and Iceland.
Genus SURNIA Dumérin
Surnia Duméril, Zool. Analytique, 1806, p. 34. Type, by subsequent
designation, Strix funerea Gmelin [t.e. Strix funerea Linné, 1766, not
Strix funerea Linné, 1758] = Strix ulula Linné (Gray, List Gen. Bds.,
1840, p. 5).
cf. Démentiev, Arch. Mus. Zool. Univ. Moscou, 1, 1934, p. 101-108.
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1010-1013.
Hartert and Steinbacher, V6ég. pal. Fauna, Erganzungsband, Heft 5,
1936, p. 391.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 772-779.
Surnia ulula ulula (Linné)
Strix Ulula Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, restricted
type locality Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.)
Surnia ulula pallasi Buturlin, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 100. (Siberia.)
Surnia ulula orokensis Stachanov, Kocsag, 4, 1931, p. 21. (Vicinity of
the fisheries station ‘Ljugi,’ Island of Sakhalin.)
Breeds in the forested parts of northern Scandinavia, Russia north to
lat. 69° N., westward across the forests of Siberia, south to the former
Russian governments of Smolensk and Simbirsk, the Altai, northern Mon-
golia, Khingan Mountains, Ussuriland and Kamchatka; Island of Sa-
khalin. Partially migratory, extending in winter to the Shetlands, Orkneys
and Hebrides, and central Europe.
Surnia ulula tianschanica Smallbones
Surnia ulula tianschanica Smallbones, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 27.
(Xachaka Su, Dzergez, Ort6k and Przewalsk, Tian Shan.)
Surnia ulula korejewi Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907,
p. 2. (Forested parts of the Tian Shan.)
Forested parts of the Tian Shan from the Alexandrovski Mountains to
the Tekes River; Tarbagatai (?).
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 127
Surnia ulula caparoch (P. L.S. Miiller)
Strix caparoch P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 69. (Europe,
error = Hudson Bay, ex Edwards, pl. 62.)
Breeds from tree limit in Alaska, northwestern Mackenzie and Hud-
son Strait, south to southern British Columbia, central Alberta and Un-
gava. Winters south to the southern Canadian provinces and casually
to the northern United States.
Genus GLAUCIDIUM Bolr
Glaucidium Boie, Isis von Oken, 1826, Bd. 2, col. 970. Type, by sub-
sequent designation, Striz passerina Linné (Gray, List Gen. Bds.,
1840, p. 6).
?Gisella Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 6, 1854, p. 541. Type, by
monotypy, [Strix] lathami Bonaparte.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 443-453.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 29-34.
Griscom, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 12, 1931, p. 37-43.
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1007-1009.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 671-675.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 779-806.
Glaucidium passerinum passerinum (Linné)
Strix passerina Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, re-
stricted type locality Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.)
Strix torquata Fischer, Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 1812, p. 276.
(Forests of Petrofsky, 1.e. vicinity of Moscow.)
Glaucidium setipes Madardsz, Magyarorszig Madarai, 1900, p. 203.
(Hungary.)
Forests of northern Europe and western Asia east to the Valley of the
Yenessei, north to lat. 68° 30’ N. in Lapland and 62° N. in the Urals;
south to Spain, the Alps, Bosnia, the Carpathians, Rumania, central
Russia and Tobolsk.
Glaucidium passerinum orientale Taczanowski
Glaucidium passerinum orientale Taczanowski, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci.
St. Pétersb. (7), Sci. Math. Phys. et Nat., 39, 1891, p. 128. [Faune
Orn. Sib. Orient., 1.] (Eastern Siberia.)
Forests of eastern Siberia from Transbaikalia east to the Sea of Okhotsk,
south to the Kentei Mountains, Manchuria and Ussuriland.
1 Strix Lathami Bonaparte, Osserv. sulla sec. Ed. Regno Anim. Cuvier, 1830,
p. 56. (No locality.) Based exclusively on the Rufous Owl of Latham’s Gen.
Hist. Bds., 1, 1821, p. 375, sp. 83. Latham’s description does not apply to
Nyctale harrisii Cassin; it comes closest to some of the southeastern Asiatic
species of Glaucidium, but there are so many discrepancies that the Rufous
Ow! is practically unidentifiable.
128 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Glaucidium gnoma grinnelli Ridgway
Glaucidium gnoma grinnelli Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50,
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvi, 781 (in key), 791. (Humboldt Bay, California.)
Pacific coast region of western North America from southeastern Alaska
south to Monterey County, California, east to the western base of Mount
Shasta and Lake County, California.
Glaucidium gnoma swarthi Grinnell
Glaucidium gnoma swartht Grinnell, Auk, 30, 1913, p. 224. (Errington,
Vancouver Island.)
Confined to Vancouver Island.
Glaucidium gnoma californicum Sclater
Glaucidium californicum Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1857, p. 4.
(Oregon and California, type from Calaveras County, California.)
Glaucidium gnoma vigilante Grinnell, Auk, 30, 1913, p. 224. (Foothills
at 2250 feet, 4 miles north of Pasadena, Los Angeles County, Cali-
fornia.)
Central British Columbia southward through central Washington and
Oregon to San Diego County, California.
Glaucidium gnoma pinicola Nelson
Glaucidium gnoma pinicola Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1910,
p. 103. (Alma, New Mexico.)
Rocky Mountain region of the United States from Idaho and western
Montana, south to extreme eastern California, mountains of southern
Arizona, and New Mexico.
Glaucidium gnoma hoskinsii Brewster
Glaucidium gnoma hoskinsii Brewster, Auk, 5, April, 1888, p. 136.1
(Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California.)
Mountains of Lower California north to about lat. 27° N.
Glaucidium gnoma gnoma Wagler
Glaucidium Gnoma Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 275. (Mexico.)
Glaucidium fisheri Nelson and Palmer, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 41. (Mount
Popocatepetl at 6500 feet, near Tochimilco, Puebla.)
Highlands of northern and central Mexico from Chihuahua, Nuevo
Leon and Tamaulipas south to Guerrero, Mexico and Puebla.
Glaucidium gnoma cobanense Sharpe
Glaucidium cobanense Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260, in text. (Coban, Alta
Vera Paz, Guatemala.)
Highlands of Guatemala.
1 Separates issued 10 February, 1888.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 129
Glaucidium siju siju (d’Orbigny)
Noctua siju d’Orbigny, in de la Sagra’s Hist. fis., pol. y nat. Isla de Cuba,
3, Aves, 1839, p. 41,! Atlas, Aves, pl. 3. (Cuba.)
Island of Cuba.
Glaucidium siju vittatum Ridgway
Glaucidium siju vittatum Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6,
1914, p. xvii, 782 (in key), 805. (Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines.)
Isle of Pines.
Glaucidium minutissimum 2 oberholseri Moore
Glaucidium minutissimum oberholsert Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50,
1937, p. 105. (Vado Hondo, 1000 feet, central Sinaloa.)
Arid upper tropical zone of the mountains of central and southern
Sinaloa.
Glaucidium minutissimum palmarum Nelson
Glaucidium palmarum Nelson, Auk, 18, 1901, p. 46. (Arroyo de Juan
Sanchez, Nayarit.)
Humid tropical zone of western Mexico in states of Nayarit and
Guerrero.
Glaucidium minutissimum griseiceps Sharpe
Glaucidium griseiceps Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 41, pl. 2, f. 2. (Veragua
[Panama] and Chisec and Choctum, Guatemala, restricted to the
tropical lowlands of Alta Vera Paz by Griscom, antea, p. 42.)
Humid tropical zone of eastern Guatemala, British Honduras and east-
ern Honduras.
Glaucidium minutissimum rarum Griscom
Glaucidium minutissimum rarum Griscom, Proc. New England Zodl.
Cl., 12, 1931, p. 41. (Permé, Caribbean slope of eastern Panama.)
Tropical zone of Costa Rica (recorded only from La Vijagua on the
Caribbean slope of the Volc4n de Miravalles) and Panama.
Glaucidium minutissimum minutissimum (Wied)
Striz pumila Temminck, PI. col., livr. 7, 1821, pl. 39. (Paraguay and
Brazil.) Not Striz pumila Lichtenstein, 1818.
Strix minutissima Wied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3, pt. 1, 1830, p. 242.
(Interior of the State of Bahia, Brazil.)
Distribution not well known but recorded from British Guiana, Suri-
nam (?) and Brazil in states of Amazonas, Pard, Bahia, §atto Grosso and
Sao Paulo; Paraguay (?).
1 P. 33 in French ed.
2 IT am unable to agree with Griscom, antea, that minutissimum is the
tropical zone representative of gnoma.
130 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Glaucidium jardinii costaricanum L. Kelso
Glaucidium jardini costaricanum L. Kelso, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 304.
(Costa Rica.)
Mountains of Costa Rica and Panama.
Glaucidium jardinii jardinii (Bonaparte)
Phalenopsis jardinii Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41,
1855, p. 654. (Andes of Quito, Ecuador.)
Mountains of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela.
Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum van Rossem
Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.,
50, 1937, p. 27. (Between Guaymas and Elpalme, Sonora.)
Southern Arizona, and western Mexico from Sonora to Nayarit.
Glaucidium brasilianum ridgwayi Sharpe
Glaucidium ridgwayi Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 55, in text. (Central Amer-
ica, ex Ridgway, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 16, 1873, p. 98. Re-
stricted type locality, Mexico.)
Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas southward in the tropical zone of
eastern Mexico, and western Mexico from Jalisco,! south over both slopes
of tropical Central America to the Canal Zone.
Glaucidium brasilianum medianum Todd
Glaucidium brasilianum medianum Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29,
1916, p. 98. (Bonda, Santa Marta, Colombia.)
Tropical lowlands of northern Colombia.
Glaucidium brasilianum phaloenoides (Daudin)
Strix phalenoides Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 206. (Trinidad.)
Islands of Trinidad and Margarita; tropical parts of northern Venezuela;
Guiana (?).
Glaucidium brasilianum duidae Chapman
Glaucidium brasilianum duide Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380,
1929, p. 8. (Mount Duida, 4700 feet, Venezuela.)
Subtropical zone of Mount Duida in southern Venezuela.
Glaucidium brasilianum ucayalae Chapman
Glaucidium brasilianum ucayale Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no, 380,
1929, p. 9. (Sarayact, Rio Ucayali, Peru.)
Eastern base of the Eastern Andes from southeastern Colombia to Peru.
1 Specimens from Jalisco not seen, perhaps referable to cactorum.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 13]
Glaucidium brasilianum brasilianum (Gmelin)
Strix brasiliana Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 289. (Brazil,
Ceard suggested as type locality by Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist.
Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 407.)
Glaucidium ferox rufus Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901
p. 179. (Paraguay.)
Brazil south of the Amazon, east to Bahia and south to eastern Paraguay,
northeastern Argentina and Uruguay; western Ecuador and western Peru;
northern Chile (?).
Glaucidium brasilianum pallens Brodkorb
Glaucidium brasilianum pallens Brodkorb, Oce. Papers Mus. Zool.
Univ. Michigan, no. 394, 1938, p. 3. (Puerto Casado, Paraguay.)
Paraguayan Chaco west of the Paraguay River, and the Yungas of
eastern Bolivia; probably also the Argentine Chaco.
Glaucidium brasilianum tucumanum Chapman
Glaucidium brasilianum tucumanum Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no.
31, 1922, p. 5. (Rosario de Lerma, 4800 feet, Salta, Argentina.)
Subtropical zone of western Argentina in provinces of Salta and
Tucuman.
Glaucidium (brasilianum ?) nanum (King)
Strix nana King, Zool. Journ., 3, 1827 (1828), p. 427. (Port Famine
Straits of Magellan.)
Glaucidium nanum vafrum Wetmore, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 12, 1922,
p. 823. (Concon, Intendencia de Valparaiso, Chile.)
Andean forest of Chile and western Argentina from Temuco and Lake
Nahuel Huapi south to the Straits of Magellan.
Glaucidium perlatum (Vieillot)
Strix perlata Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1818, p. 26. (Senegal.)
Glaucidium albiventer Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 10.
(Kwobia, Gold Coast.)
Africa, south of the Sahara, from Senegal, the Sudan and Ethiopia to
the Orange River and the Transvaal; absent from the equatorial forests.
Glaucidium tephronotum tephronotum Sharpe
Glaucidium tephronotum Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260. (‘Said to be from
South America,” error = West Africa.!)
Known only from the type, and a second specimen from Mampong,
Ashanti, Gold Coast.?
1 Cf. Chapin, Auk, 38, 1921, p. 456-457.
2 Cf. Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 64, 1934, p. 122.
132 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Glaucidium tephronotum pycrafti Bates
Glaucidium pycrafti Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 27, 1911, p. 85, pl. 7.
(Bitye, Cameroon.)
Southern Cameroon.
Glaucidium tephronotum medje Chapin
Glaucidium tephronotum medje Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 570, 1932,
p. 3. (Medje, Ituri Forest, Belgian Congo.)
Northeastern border of the Upper Congo forest.
Glaucidium tephronotum lukolelae Chapin
Glaucidium tephronotum lukolele Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 570, 1932,
p. 4. (Lukolela, middle Congo River.)
Known only from the unique type from the southern border of the
Congo forest.
Glaucidium tephronotum elgonense Granvik
Glaucidium tephronotum elgonense Granvik, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 25,
1934, p. 41. (Mount Elgon.)
Known only from Mount Elgon on the Uganda-Kenya border.
Glaucidium capense castaneum Neumann
Glaucidium castaneum Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 62. (An-
dundi, Belgian Congo.)
Known only from the type locality in the eastern Ituri district of the
Belgian Congo.}
Glaucidium capense scheffleri Neumann
Gaucidium [sic] capense scheffleri Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911,
p. 184. (Kibwezi, Ukamba, Tanganyika Territory.)
Coastal belt of southern Kenya Colony and northern Tanganyika
Territory.
Glaucidium capense ngamiense (Roberts)
Smithiglaux capensis ngamiensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 15,
1932, p. 26. (Maun, Ngamiland.)
Southern Belgian Congo and Ngamiland; Angola (?); Damaraland (?).
Glaucidium capense robertsi nom. nov.
Glaucidium capense rufum Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus.,
3, 1911, p. 111. (Boror, Mozambique.) Not of Bertoni, 1901.
Lake Tanganyika to the lower Zambesi Valley.
1 For statement concerning the type locality of this bird see Grant and
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 138-139.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 133
Glaucidium capense capense (A. Smith)
Noctua Capensis A. Smith, So. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 313.
(South Africa.)
South Africa, south of the ranges of the two preceding races, south
to the Orange River and eastern Cape Province.
Glaucidium brodiei brodiei (Burton)
Noctua Brodiei Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1835 (1836), p. 152.
(Himalayas, restricted to Simla by Stuart Baker, antea, p. 450.)
The Himalayas from the Indian North West Frontier eastward through
Nepal, Assam and southern China (north to Anhwei) south to the Malay
Peninsula and northern Indochina;? Island of Hainan.
Glaucidium brodiei pardalotum (Swinhoe)
Athene pardalota Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 216. (Interior of Formosa.)
Confined to the Island of Formosa.
Glaucidium brodiei peritum nom. nov.
Strix sylvatica ‘“Miill.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 40. (Sumatra.)
Not Strix sylvatica Shaw, 1809.
Sumatra.
Glaucidium brodiei borneense Sharpe
Glaucidium borneense Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1898, p. 55.
(Mount Kalulong, Sarawak, Borneo.)
Borneo.
Glaucidium radiatum radiatum (Tickell)
Strix Radiata Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 572. (Jungles
of Borahbum and Dholbhum.)
Indian Peninsula (except the part occupied by G. r. malabaricum);
Ceylon?
Glaucidium radiatum malabaricum (Blyth)
Athene malabaricus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 280.
(Malabar Coast and Travancore.)
Southwestern side of the Indian Peninsula, not ascending into the hills
above 2500 feet.
Glaucidium cuculoides castanonotum (Blyth)
Athene castanopterus “‘(Horsf.)”’ Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846,
p. 280. (Ceylon.) Not Strix castanoptera Horsfield, 1821, which is
also a Glaucidium.
1G. b. tubiger (Hodgs.) is not a recognizable race, ef. Ludlow and Kinnear,
Ibis, 1937, p. 490-492.
2 Cf. Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935,
p. 237-238.
134 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Athene castanonota Blyth, Cat. Bds. Mus. As. Soc., 1849 (1852), p. 39.
Ceylon.
Glaucidium cuculoides cuculoides (Vigors)
Noctua cuculoides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 8.
(Himalayas, t.e. Simla-Almora district.) }
Lower ranges of the western Himalayas from Murree and Mussorie to
eastern Nepal.
Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker
Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47,
1926, p. 59. (Noong-zai-ban, Manipur.)
Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam south of the Brahmaputra, and southern
Yunnan, south to eastern Bengal, northern Burma, Shan States, northern
Laos and western Tonkin.
Glaucidium cuculoides briigeli (Parrot)
Athene cuculoides briigeh Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 8, 1908, p.
104. (Bangkok, Siam.)
Glaucidium cuculoides fulvescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47,
1926, p. 60. (Kolidoo, Tenasserim.) ?
Tenasserim, Siam, and Indochina from Laos to Cambodia.
Glaucidium cuculoides whitelyi (Blyth)
Athene Whitelyi Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 313. (Japan, error = China.)
Szechuan, Yunnan and southeastern China south of the Yangtse, and
eastern Tonkin.
Glaucidium cuculoides persimile Hartert
Glaucidium cuculoides persimile Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 205.
(Five-Finger Mountains, Hainan.)
Island of Hainan.
Glaucidium cuculoides castanopterum (Horsfield)
Strix castanoptera Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p: 140. (Java.)
Java and Bali.
Glaucidium sjéstedti Reichenow
Glaucidium sjéstedti Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 65. (Cam-
eroon Mountain.)
1 Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 471, have made a blanket restriction
of Simla-Almora district for all the species described by Vigors in Proc. Comm.
Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 7-9 and shortly afterward figured in Gould’s
‘Century of Birds from the Himalayas.’
2 Cf. Robinson and Kloss, t. c., p. 94.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 135
Forested lowlands of western Africa from the Cameroon Mountain
region to the French Congo.
Genus MICRATHENE Cougs
Micrathene Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 51. Type, by
original designation, Athene whitneyi Cooper.
Micropallas Coues, Auk, 6, 1889, p. 71. New name for Micrathene
Coues on grounds of preoccupation by Micrathena Sundvall, 1833,
Arachnida.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 806-812.
Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi (Cooper)
Athene whitney: Cooper, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 2, 1861, p. 118. (Fort
Mojave, Arizona.)
Desert areas of southeastern California, southern Arizona, southwestern
New Mexico and northern Sonora.
Micrathene whitneyi idonea (Ridgway)
Micropallas whitneyt idoneus Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50,
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvii, p. 807 (in key), p. 810. (Five miles from Hidalgo,
Texas.)
Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas, and central Mexico in states of
Guanajuato, Mexico and Puebla.
Micrathene whitneyi sanfordi (Ridgway)
Micropallas whitneyt sanfordi Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50,
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvii, p. 807 (in key), p. 809. (Miraflores, Lower Cali-
fornia.)
Peninsula of Lower California south of lat. 23° 40’ N.
Micrathene whitneyi graysoni Ridgway
Micrathene graysoni Ridgway, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 333. (Socorro Island.)
Micropallas socorroensis ‘“‘Ridgw.’”’ Sharpe, Hand-list, 1, 1899, p. 299.
Lapsus!
Known only from Socorro Island of the Revillagigedo Group off the
west coast of Mexico.
Genus UROGLAUX Mayr
Uroglaux Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1937, p. 6. Type, by
original designation and monotypy, Athene dimorpha Salvadori.
cf. Mayr, loc. cit.
Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 83-84.
136 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Uroglaux dimorpha (Salvadori)
Athene dimorpha Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 6, 1874, p. 308.
(Sorong, New Guinea.)
Island of Jobi [or Japen] and all of New Guinea.
Genus NINOX! HopGson
Ninox Hodgson, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 5, 1837, p. 23. Type, by
monotypy, Ninox nipalensis Hodgson = Strix lugubris Tickell.
Berneyornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 305. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Athene (?) strenua Gould.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 453-458; 7,
1930, p. 390-391.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 87-88.
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 992-995.
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 308-359 (sub nom. Spiloglaux,
Rhabdoglaux and Berneyornis).
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 260-270.
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 93-102.
Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 395-398.
Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 78-91, t.e. Mem. R.
Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 33.
Ninox rufa humeralis (Bonaparte)
Athene humeralis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 40. (Oceania =
New Guinea, ex Hombron and Jacquinot, Voy. Péle Sud, Zool., 3,
1853, p. 51 = Triton Bay, the only point on New Guinea where the
expedition collected.)
Ninox undulata Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 3, 1879,
p. 249. (Southeast coast of New Guinea.) Not Ninox undulata
(Latham) 1801.2
Waigeu; all of New Guinea below 1800 metres.
Ninox rufa aruensis (Schlegel)
Noctua aruensis Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 329.
(Aru Islands.)
Aru Islands.
Ninox rufa rufa (Gould)
Athene rufa Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 18. (Port
Essington.)
1 Includes Hieracoglaux Kaup, 1848, Spiloglaux Kaup, 1848, Cephaloptynx
Kaup, 1852, Ctenoglaux Kaup, 1852, Rhabdoglaux Bonaparte, 1854.
2 For remarks on identity of Ramsay’s type cf. Kinghorn, Rec. Austr. Mus.,
18, 1933, p. 451-452.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 37
Tropical northern Australia, including the Cape York Peninsula,
south at least to Cooktown.
Ninox rufa queenslandica Mathews
Ninox humeralis queenslandica Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 27, 1911,
p. 62. (The Hollows, Mackay, Queensland.)
Eastern Queensland in the region about Mackay.
Ninox strenua (Gould)
Athene ? strenua Gould, Syn. Bds. Austr., pt. 3, 1838, pl. 47, f. 2. (New
South Wales.)
Ninox strenua victoriae Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 75.
(Victoria. )
New South Wales and Victoria.
Ninox connivens rufostrigata (G. R. Gray)
Athene ruyostrigata G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344.
(Halmahera.)
Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Batjan, Obi.
Ninox connivens assimilis Salvadori and D’Albertis
Ninox assimilis Salvadori and D’Albertis, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7,
1875, p. 809. (Mt. Epa, New Guinea.)
Ninox albomaculata Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 3,
1879, p. 249. (Laloki, New Guinea.)
Eastern New Guinea, from the Ramu River on the north and the
Merauke district on the south, eastward; Vulcan and Dampier Islands.
Ninox connivens occidentalis Ramsay
Ninox connivens occidentalis Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South
Wales (2), 1, 1886 (1887), p. 1086. (Derby, North-West Australia.)
Ninox connivens suboccidentalis Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 255.
(Northern Territory, type said to be from Port Keats.)
North-West Australia and Northern Territory.
Ninox connivens peninsularis Salvadori
Ninox peninsularis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875 (1876),
p. 992. (Cape York.)
Cape York Peninsula.
?Ninox connivens addenda Mathews
Ninox connivens addenda Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 120.
(South-West Australia.)
Southwestern Australia; very doubtfully distinct from JN. c. connivens.
138 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ninox connivens connivens (Latham)
Falco connivens Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xii. (New Holland
= New South Wales, apud Mathews.)
Southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia.
Ninox novaeseelandiae rudolfi A. B. Meyer
Ninox rudolfi A. B. Meyer, Ibis, 1882, p. 232, pl. 6.1. (Sumba.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumba.
Ninox novaeseelandiae plesseni Stresemann
Ninox fusca plessent Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 37, 1929, p. 47.
(Tanglapoi, 1000 meters, Alor.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Alor.
Ninox novaeseelandiae fusca (Vieillot)
Strix fusca Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 22. (Santo
Domingo and Puerto Rico, error = Timor; see Sharpe, Ibis, 1875,
p. 256.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Timor?
Ninox novaeseelandiae cinnamomina Hartert
Ninox boobook cinnamomina Hartert, Nov. Zool., 18, 1906, p. 293.
(Tepa, Babar Island.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Babar.
Ninox novaeseelandiae remigialis Stresemann
Ninox noveseelandiz remigialis Stresemann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 50,
1930, p. 61. (Kei Islands.)
Kei Islands.
Ninox novaeseelandiae pusilla Mayr and Rand
Ninox novaeseelandiae pusilla Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no.
814, 1935, p. 3. (Dogwa, Oriomo River, Territory of Papua.)
Known only from the type locality in southern New Guinea.
Ninox novaeseelandiae ocellata (Bonaparte)
Athene ocellata ““Hombr. et Jacquin.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850,
p. 42. (Oceania, based on Voy. Pole Sud, Atlas, Ois., pl. 3, f. 2 =
Raffles Bay, Coburg Peninsula, Australia.) 3
1 The plate is lettered Ninox rudolphi.
2 [ have examined specimens in the Rothschild collection from Savu and
Moa; these probably represent undescribed races allied to fusca and cin-
namomina.
3 The type locality of this bird has long been uncertain; Hombron and
Jacquinot, Voy. Péle Sud, Zool., 3, 1853, p. 51-52, state that the bird figured
in the ‘Atlas’ was from Talcahuano, Chile, but this has long since been shown
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 139
Ninox boobook mixta Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 255.
(Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.)
Ninox boobook melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 34. (Melville Island.)
Ninox boobook macgillivrayi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1913, p. 194.
(Cape York.)
Spiloglaux noveseelandizx everardi Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 332.
(Everard Ranges, Central Australia.)
Ninoz yorki Cayley, Emu, 28, 1929, p. 162, pl. 34, upper f. (Cape York.)
Melville Island and tropical northern Australia.
Ninox novaeseelandiae marmorata (Gould)
Athene marmorata Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 18. (South
Australia.)
Ninox boobook halmaturina Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 254.
(Kangaroo Island.)
Ninoz ooldeaensis Cayley, Emu, 28, 1929, p. 163, pl. 34, lower f. (Ool-
dea, South Australia.)
South and South-West Australia.
Ninox novaeseelandiae lurida DeVis
Ninox lurida DeVis, Rep. Sci. Exped. Queensland, 1889, p. 31, 84.
(Bellenden Ker Range, Queensland.)
Spiloglaux bowert Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74. (Peterson’s
Pocket, Cairns, Queensland.)
Apparently confined to the very heavy rainfall area lying between
Cairns and the Bellenden Ker Range in northeastern Queensland.
Ninox novaeseelandiae boobook (Latham)
Strix Boobook Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xv. (New Holland
= New South Wales, apud Mathews.)
to have been a mistake, and the specimen identical with Australian examples.
In Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 255, Mathews gives Perth, South-West Australia,
as the type locality, a restriction to which he still adhered in Bds. Austr., 5,
1916, p. 331. However in his Syst. Av. Australas., pt. 1, 1927, p. 272, he con-
siders oce/lata unidentifiable, and in the appendix to pt. 2 of the same work
(p. 913) he considers ocellata an earlier name for roseoaxillaris Hartert! There
is nothing undeterminable about the plate of ocellata, and further Sharpe and
others examined the type and found it identical with North Australian birds.
There is no difficulty in fixing the precise locality where the expedition “‘au
Pole Sud” collected the type of Athene ocellata; studying the narrative of the
voyage it is quite clear that a stop was made at Raffles Bay, a short distance
east of Port Essington, Northern Territory, in March or April 1839, and this
was the only point on the Australian Continent visited by the expedition and
the only place where the type could possibly have been secured; hence Mathews’
restriction to Perth is quite contradictory to the facts and cannot stand.
140 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Spiloglaux boobook leachi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74.
(Victoria.)
Spiloglaux boobook tregellasi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74.
(Frankston, Victoria.)
Southern Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria.
Ninox novaeseelandiae leucopsis (Gould)
Noctua Maculata Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15,
pt. 1, 1826, p. 189. (Australia, 7.e. Tasmania.) Not Strix maculata
Kerr, 1792, which is also a Ninox.
Athene leucopsis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1837 (1838), p. 99,
in text. (Tasmania.)
Spiloglaux boobook clelandi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 19138, p. 74.
(Flinders Island.)
Spiloglaux novaeseelandiae tasmanica Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3,
1917, p. 70. (Tasmania.)
Tasmania and islands in Bass Strait.
Ninox novaeseelandiae albaria Ramsay
Ninoz albaria Ramsay, Tab. List Bds. Austr., 1888, p. 36. (Lord Howe
Island.)
Lord Howe Island.
Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata (Latham)
Strix undulata Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xvii. (Norfolk
Island, ex Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 368, cf. Mathews, Ibis, 1933, p. 353.)
Ninox boobook royana Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 120.
(Norfolk Island.)
Norfolk Island.
Ninox novaeseelandiae venatica (Peale)
Noctua venatica Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 75. (Bay of
Islands, North Island, New Zealand.)
New Zealand: North Island, Little and Great Barrier Islands, Three
Kings, Kapiti.
Ninox novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae (Gmelin)
Strix nove Seelandiz Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 296. (New
Zealand = Queen Charlotte Sound, South Island, er Latham, Gen.
Syn., 1, pt. 1, p. 149, no. 39.)
New Zealand: South Island, Stewart Island.
Ninox scutulata ussuriensis Buturlin
Ninox scutulata ussuriensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 187.
(Ussuri and Korea.)
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 141
Breeds in Ussuriland and the adjacent parts of southeastern Man-
churia and northern Korea. Winter range not worked out, but recorded
from Borneo by Démentiev.
Ninox scutulata scutulata (Raffles)
Strix scutulata Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, p. 280.
(Sumatra.) !
Ninox macroptera Blasius, Braunschw. Anz., 11 Jan., 1888, no. 9, p. 86.
(Mindoro.); Ornis, 1888, p. 551.
Ctenoglaux scutulata totogo Momiyama, Amoeba, 2, 1930, p. 26. Nomen
nudum.
Ninox scutulata totoga Momiyama, Amoeba, 3, 1931, p. 68. (Botel
Tobago.) In Japanese.
Breeds throughout Japan from Hokkaido to Formosa, central and
southern Korea, and eastern China from Kiangsu to Fukien. Migrates
in winter to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippine
Islands, Sangir and Talaut Islands, Celebes, Kalao, Flores, Wetar and
Buru.
Ninox scutulata burmanica Hume
Ninox burmanica Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 285. (Pegu and
Tenasserim. )
Ninox innominata Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 286, in text.
(Cachar.)
Resident from Assam south of the Brahmaputra and southern Yunnan,
south to the Malay Peninsula, Siam and all of Indochina.
Ninox scutulata lugubris (Tickell)
Strix Lugubris Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 572.
(Dampara, Dholbhum, Bengal.)
Northern India from Murree and Garhwal east to western Assam north
of the Brahmaputra, south to the central parts of the Indian Peninsula
(to Madras on the east).
Ninox scutulata hirsuta (Temminck)
Strix hirsuta Temminck, PI. col., livr. 49, 1824, pl. 289. (Ceylon.)
Southern India and Ceylon.
Ninox scutulata obscura Hume
Ninox obscurus Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 11. (Camorta, Nico-
bars.)
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.”
1 Strix japonica Temminck and Schlegel, is a synonym.
2 European authors usually consider N. obscura a distinct species and place
N. affinis, which also occurs in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, as a race
142 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ninox scutulata malaccensis (Eyton)
Athene malaccensis Eyton, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 16, 1845, p. 228.
(Malacca. )
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago and Banka.
Ninox scutulata javanensis Stresemann
Ninox scutulata javanensis Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 54.
(Indramaju, Residency of Cheribon, Java.)
Western Java.
Ninox scutulata borneensis (Bonaparte)
Strix hirsuta borneensis “‘Schlegel’’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850,
p. 41. (Malaysia, Borneo.)
Ninoz labuanensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 165, in text.
(Labuan Island.)
Borneo, North Natuna Islands.
Ninox affinis affinis Beavan
Ninox affinis “Tytler” Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 316. (Aberdeen Point,
Port Blair, Andaman Islands.)
Andaman Islands.
Ninox affinis isolata Stuart Baker
Ninox scutulata isolata Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926,
p. 60. (Car Nicobar.)
Nicobar Islands.
Ninox superciliaris (Vieillot)
Strix superciliaris Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 33.
(‘Je ne connois pas son pays’’; type in the Paris Museum, = Mada-
gascar, fide Gurney, Ibis, 1869, p. 453.)
Western Madagascar.
Ninox philippensis Bonaparte
Ninox philippensis Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41,
1855, p. 655. (No locality = Philippine Islands by inference.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Marinduque, Masbate, Ticao, Guimaras,
Negros, Leyte, Siquijor.
of N. scutulata. After examining specimens of both obscura and affinis it is
my belief that it is the former that represents scutulata and the latter is the one
to claim specific rank. Dr. Mayr and Mr. Greenway both concur with me in
this disposal of the status of the two forms.
1 See note under N. s. obscura on p. 141.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 143
Ninox spilonota Bourns and Worcester
Ninozx spilonotus Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota Acad.
Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 8. (Cebu, Sibuyan, Tablas and Mindoro.)
Philippine Lslands: Mindoro, Tablas, Sibuyan, Cebu.
Ninox spilocephala mindorensis Ogilvie-Grant
Ninox mindorensis Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 463. (Lowlands of
Mindoro.)
Ninox Plateni “Blasius” Hartlaub, Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen, 16,
1899, p. 271. (Mindoro.)
Philippine Islands: Mindoro.
Ninox spilocephala spilocephala Tweeddale
Ninox spilocephala Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879),
p. 939. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Mindanao, Basilan.
Ninox spilocephala reyi Oustalet
Ninox Reyi Oustalet, Bull. Assoc. Sci. France (2), 1, 1880, p. 206.
(Sulu Archipelago.)
Philippine Islands: Jolo, Bongao.
Ninox spilocephala everetti Sharpe
Ninoz everetti Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 47. (Siasi Island,
Sulu Archipelago.)
Philippine Islands: Siasi.
Ninox perversa Stresemann
Noctua ochracea Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1865, p. 183.
(Negri-lama, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes.)
Ninox perversa Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 46, 1938, p. 149. New
name for Noctwa ochracea Schlegel, not Noctua ochracea Haworth,
1809, Lepidoptera.!
Celebes (except the southern peninsula.)
Ninox squamipila hypogramma (G. R. Gray)
Athene hypogramma G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344.
(Batjan and Halmahera.)
Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Batjan.
1 Under the interpretation of Art. 25, as emended, of the International
Code adopted by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature
at the XII International Congress of Zoology, Lisbon in 1935, Dr. Stresemann’s
bibliographic reference is not sufficient to lift his proposed new name out of the
class of nomina nuda; (cf. Compt. Rend. XII Int. Congr. Zool. Lisbon, 1, 1936,
p. 186-187, par. 20) but his brief statement that the 9 is smaller than the ¢
is perhaps sufficient to constitute a valid description.
144 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ninox squamipila hantu (Wallace)
Athene hantu Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 22. (Buru.)
Buru.
Ninox squamipila squamipila (Bonaparte)
Athene squamipila Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 41. (Ceram.)
Ceram.
Ninox squamipila forbesi Sclater
Ninox forbesi Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883, p. 52, pl. 11.
(Lutu, Timor Laut.)
Tenimber Islands.
Ninox squamipila natalis Lister
Ninox natalis Lister, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888 (1889), p. 525.
(Christmas Island, Indian Ocean.)
Confined to Christmas Island, 215 miles south of western Java, in the
Indian Ocean.
Ninox theomacha hoedtii (Schlegel)
Noctua Hoedtii Schlegel, Neder]. Tijdschr. Dierk., 4, 1871, p. 3. (Misol.)
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Misol.
Ninox theomacha theomacha (Bonaparte)
Spiloglaux theomacha Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41,
1855, p. 654. (Triton Bay, New Guinea.)
Ninozx terricolor Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 4, 1880,
p. 466. (Goldie River, 30 miles inland, New Guinea.)
All of New Guinea below 1400 metres.
Ninox theomacha goldii Gurney
Ninox goldii Gurney, Ibis, 1883, p. 171. (Southeastern New Guinea,
error = Fergusson Island, fide Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool.,
25, 1918, p. 325.)
Ninox goodenoviensis DeVis, Ann. Rept. Brit. New Guinea, 1888-89,
1890, p. 58. (Goodenough Island.)
D’Entrecasteaux Archipelago: Goodenough, Fergusson and Normanby
Islands.
Ninox theomacha rosseliana Tristram
Nino rosseliana Tristram, Ibis, 1889, p. 557. (Rossel Island.)
Louisiade Archipelago: Sudest [or Tagula] and Rossel Islands.
Ninox punctulata (Quoy and Gaimard)
Noctua punctulata Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 165; Atlas, Ois., pl. 1, f. 1. (Celebes.)
Celebes.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 145
Ninox meeki Rothschild and Hartert
Ninox meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 33, 1914,
p. 105. (Manus, Admiralty Islands.)
Admiralty Islands.
Ninox solomonis superior Hartert
Ninox variegata superior Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 121. (New
Hanover.)
New Hanover [or Lavongai].
Ninox solomonis solomonis Sharpe
Noctua variegata Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 166, Atlas, Ois., pl. 1, f. 2. (Carteret Harbor, New Ireland.) Not
Noctua variegata Jung, 1792, Lepidoptera.
Ninozx solomonis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1876, p. 673, pl. 62.
(Solomon Islands, error, type locality fixed as southern New Ireland,
by Mayr, Ibis, 1933, p. 552.)
Ninox nove britannie Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 2,
1877, p. 105. (New Britain, error = New Ireland.)
Spiloglauz novebritannix novehibernice Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl.,
46, 1926, p. 131. New name for Noctua variegata Quoy and Gaimard,
preoccupied.
New Britain and New Ireland.
Ninox odiosa Sclater
Ninox odiosa Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, p. 108. (New
Britain.)
New Britain.
Ninox jacquinoti eichhorni (Hartert)
Spiloglaux jacquinoti eichhorni Hartert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 364,
1927, p. 7. (Choiseul, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Bougainville and Choiseul.
Ninox jacquinoti mono Mayr
Ninox jacquinoti mono Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 2.
(Mono Island, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Mono [or Treasury] Island.
Ninox jacquinoti jacquinoti (Bonaparte)
Athene jacquinoti ‘“Hombr.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 42.
(Oceania = St. George, Solomon Islands, er Hombron and Jacquinot,
Voy. Péle Sud., Zool., 3, 1853, p. 51.)
Solomon Islands: Ysabel and St. George.
146 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ninox jacquinoti floridae Mayr
Ninox jacquinoti floridae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 2.
(Florida Island, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: :Florida Island.
Ninox jacquinoti granti Sharpe
Ninox grantt Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888, p. 183. (Guadal-
canar, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Guadalcanar.
Ninox jacquinoti malaitae Mayr
Ninoz jacquinoti malaitae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 504, 1931, p. 14.
(Malaita, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Malaita.
Ninox jacquinoti roseoaxillaris (Hartert)
Sptloglaux roseoaxillaris Hartert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 364, 1929, p. 6.
(Bauro, San Cristé6bal, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: San Cristdébal.
Genus GYMNOGLAUX Casanis!
Gymnoglaux Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 466. Type, by mon-
otypy, Noctua nudipes Lembeye, not Strix nudipes Daudin = Gym-
noglaux lawrencii Sclater and Salvin.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 679-680.
Gymnoglaux lawrencii exsul (Bangs)
Gymnasio lawrencei exsul Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 4, 1913,
p. 91. (Santa Sevilla, Isle of Pines.)
Western Cuba ? and the Isle of Pines.
Gymnoglaux lawrencii lawrencii Sclater and Salvin
Gymnoglauzx lawrencii Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868,
p. 327, pl. 29. (Cuba; ex Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7,
1860, p. 257.)
Central and eastern Cuba.
GreNnus SCELOGLAUX Kaup
Sceloglaux Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 768. Type, by monotypy,
Athene albifacies G. R. Gray.
cf. Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 398-399.
1 Replaces Gymnasio Bonaparte, 1854; the type of Gymnasio is Strix nudipes
Daudin which is transferred to Otus, hence Gymnoglaux becomes the first
available generic name for the Cuban bare-legged Owls.
2 Cf. Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 10, 1916, p. 234.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 147
{Sceloglaux albifacies rufifacies Buller
Sceloglaux rufifacies Buller, Ibis, 1904, p. 639. (Wairarapa district,
North Island, New Zealand.)
Formerly inhabited parts of North Island, New Zealand. Now extinct.
Sceloglaux albifacies albifacies (G. R. Gray)
Athene albifacies G. R. Gray, Zool. Voy. ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ Bds.,
1844, p. 2, pl. 1. (Waikouaiti, South Island, New Zealand.)
South Island, New Zealand.
Genus ATHENE Bolt
Athene Boie, Isis von Oken, 1822, Bd. 1, col. 549. Type, by subsequent
designation, A. noctua (Retz.) Boie, Pl. enl. 439. Str. passerina Auct.
= Striz noctua Scopoli. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., ed. 2, 1841, p. 7.)
Heteroglauzx Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 467. Type,
by monotypy, Heteroglaux blewittt Hume.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 488-443.
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossic., 1, 1935, p. 56-58.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 999-1007.
Hartert and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Erganzungsb., Heft 5,
1936, p. 389-391.
Athene noctua vidalii A. E. Brehm
Athene Vidalii A. E. Brehm, Allg. Deutsche naturh. Zeitung (n-f.),
3, 1857, p. 440. (Mountains of Spain, type from Murcia.)
Athene noctua mira Witherby, Brit. Bds., 18, 1920, p. 283. (Houthem,
Limburg, Holland.)
Western Europe: Holland, Belgium, France, Iberian Peninsula; in-
troduced into England.
Athene noctua noctua (Scopoli)
Strix noctua Scopoli, Annus I, Hist.-Nat., 1769, p. 22. (Carniolia, 7.e.
Krain.)
Athene Chiaradiae Giglioli, Avicula, 4, 1900, p. 57. (Castello de Caneva,
Sacile, Udine.)
Central Europe from Denmark east to the Baltic republics and central
Russia, south through Germany and Poland to Italy, Austria, Hungary
and the former Russian governments of Volhynia and Poltava.
Athene noctua sarda (Kleinschmidt)
Strix Athene sarda Kleinschmidt, Falco, 3, 1907, p. 65. (Sardinia.)
Sardinia and probably Corsica.
Athene noctua indigena C. L. Brehm
Athene indigena C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 37. (Greece, and
wanders to Egypt, type from Attica.)
148 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Balkan Peninsula, Aegean Islands, southern Russia south of the range
of A. n. noctua, and east to the Ural River.
?Athene noctua kessleri Semenov
Athene glaux kesslert Semenov, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersb., Cl.
Sci. Phys. et Math. (8), 8, 1899, no. 5, p. 14. (Crimea.)
Crimea.!
?Athene noctua caucasica (Zarudny and Loudon)
Carine noctua caucasica Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904,
p. 56. (Baku, west shore of the Caspian Sea.)
Transcaucasia and northern Persia.
Athene noctua glaux (Savigny)
Noctua Glaux Savigny, Descr. Egypte, livr. 1, 1809, p. 105. (Egypt.)
Striz Athene ruficolor Kleinschmidt, Falco, 3, 1907, p. 65. (Morocco;
type from Marrakesh.)
Northern Morocco (including the Sous), northern Algeria, northern
Tunisia and the cultivated parts of the Nile valley south to Aswan.
Athene noctua saharae (Kleinschmidt)
Strix saharae Kleinschmidt, Falco, 5, 1909, p. 19. (Mouleina, near
Biskra, southern Algeria.)
Southern Morocco south of the Atlas, eastward across southern Algeria
and southern Tunisia to Egypt (except those portions of the Nile Valley
occupied by A. n. glaux); northern Arabia.
Athene noctua solitudinis Hartert
Athene noctua solitudinis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 31, 1924, p. 18. (Mt.
Todera, Air, Sahara.)
Central Sahara: Air and Ahaggar Mountains.
Athene noctua lilith Hartert
Athene (oder Carine) noctua lilith Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913,
p. 1006. (Der-ez-Zor, on the Euphrates.)
Syria and Palestine.2
Athene noctua bactriana Blyth
Athene bactrianus Blyth in Hutton, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 2,
1847, p. 776. (Old Kandahar, Afghanistan.)
1 Hartert and Steinbacher believe both kessleri and caucasica to be synony-
mous with indigena; Démentiev on the contrary upholds both forms.
2 A. n. lilith is somewhat intermediate between saharae and bactriana,
sometimes placed in the synonymy of one, sometimes in that of the other;
perhaps best recognized tentatively. Cf. also Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925,
p. 261.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 149
Transcaspia eastward to the plains of the Syr Darya and southward to
Iraq, Persia, Afghanistan and Baluchistan; western border of the range
of this form not well defined from the eastern border of that of A. n.
Lilith.
Athene noctua orientalis Severtzov
Athene orientalis Severtzov, Izvest. Imp. Obsch. Liubit. Estestv. Antrop.
Etnogr. Moskva, 8, 1873 (Dec., 1872), pt. 2, p. 115 [‘Turkestan-
skikh Zhivotnikh”’]. (Turkestan; no type designated; lectotype from
Issyk-Kul, Tian Shan, cf. Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 258.)
Northeastern Russian Turkestan, Tian Shan, Dzungaria, Chinese
Turkestan; Tarbagatai.!
Athene noctua ludlowi Stuart Baker
Athene noctua ludlowit Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926,
p. 58. (Dochen, 15,000 feet, Rhamtso Lake, Tibet.)
Ladak and Tibet.
Athene noctua impasta Bangs and Peters
Athene noctua impasta Bangs and Peters, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 68,
1928, p. 330. (Grasslands south of Lake Kokonor.)
Kokonor and western Kansu.
Athene noctua plumipes Swinhoe
Athene plumipes Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 448. (Near
Shato [not far from Nankow Pass, northwest of Peiping], Chihli.)
Southeastern Altai, southwestern Transbaikalia and southern Man-
churia, south to northwestern Mongolia, the central Gobi, Shensi, Chihli
and Korea.
Athene noctua spilogastra (Heuglin)
Athene spilogastra Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 1863, p. 14. Nomen nudum.
Noctua spilogastra Heuglin, Orn. Nord-Ost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 119, pl. 4.
(Ethiopian coastlands not far from Umkulu and Harkiko.)
Red Sea Province of the Sudan and the coast of Eritrea.
Athene noctua somaliensis Reichenow
Athene spilogaster somaliensis Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 3, 1905, p. 822.
(Aurowana, northern Somaliland, ez Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 52,
1904, p. 238.)
Hawash region of Ethiopia eastward across northern British Somaliland.
1 Only direct comparison of an adequate series of orientalis, ludlowi, im-
pasta and plumipes can settle the question of the validity and geographic
limits of these races.
150 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Athene brama indica (Franklin)
Noctua Indica Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 115.
(Banks of the Ganges and in the mountain chain of upper Hindoostan,
t.e. United Provinces.)
All of India from Sind to Assam and south in the Indian Peninsula to
about lat. 20° N.1
Athene brama brama (Temminck)
Striz brama Temminck, PI. col., livr. 12, 1821, pl. 68. (Pondicherry and
west coast of India.)
Carine brama fryi Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 60.
(Rameswaram, Madras, India.)
Indian Peninsula south of lat. 20° N.
Athene brama pulchra Hume
Athene pulchra Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feathers, 1, 1873, p. 469.
(Pegu, Burma.)
Central Burma, Shan States and southern Yunnan (?)? south to
southern Burma, Siam and southwestern Indochina.
Athene blewitti (Hume)
Heteroglaux Blewitti Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feathers, 1, 1873,
p. 468. (Busnah, Phooljan State, India.)
Forests of central India.
Genus SPEOTYTO GiLoGER
Speotyto Gloger, Hand-und Hilfsb. Naturg., 1842 (1841), p. 226. Type,
by monotypy, Strix cunicularia Molina.
cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 18, no. 1, pt. 2, 1918,
p. 39-42.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 812-825.
Speotyto cunicularia hypugaea (Bonaparte)
Strix hypugza Bonaparte, Am. Orn., 1, 1825, p. 72, note, pl. 7, fig. 2.3
(Western United States, 2.e., Plains of the Platte River.)
Speotyto cunicularia becki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902,
p. 405. (Guadelupe Island, Lower California.)
Plains and prairies of western North America (including islands off the
coasts of southern California, Lower California and western Mexico
1 See Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935,
p. 236-237.
2 While ““Yunnan”’ is generally included in the range of this form, I cannot
find any published records of its occurrence there.
3 The plate is lettered Strix Cunicularia.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 151
[except Clarion Island]) from southern British Columbia, southern
Saskatchewan and western Manitoba, east to the eastern border of the
Great Plains, south to Honduras; recorded from Costa Rica and western
Panama; migratory in those parts of its range lying north of Oregon and
Kansas.
Speotyto cunicularia rostrata C. H. Townsend
Speotyto rostrata C. H. Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 13, 1890,
p. 133. (Clarion Island, Revillagigedo Group, Mexico.)
Confined to Clarion Island, off the west coast of Mexico.
Speotyto cunicularia floridana Ridgway
Speotyto cunicularia var. floridana Ridgway, Am. Sportsman, 4, 1874,
p. 216. (16 miles east of Sarasota Bay, Florida.)
Speotyto bahamensis Maynard, App. to Cat. West Ind. Bds., 1899,
p. 33. (New Providence, Bahamas.) !
Speotyto cunicularia cavicola Bangs, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 287. New name to
replace S. bahamensis Maynard, not S. c. bahamensis Cory.
Prairies of central and southern Florida; Bahama Islands.
Speotyto cunicularia troglodytes Wetmore and Swales
Speotyto dominicensis Cory, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 471. (Haiti.) Not Athene
dominicensis Bonaparte, 1850 (West Indies), which is preoccupied by
Athene dominicensis G. R. Gray, 1845, a synonym of Speotyto c.
cunicularia (Molina).
Speotyto cunicularia troglodytes Wetmore and Swales, Bull. U. S. Nat.
Mus., no. 155, 1931, p. 41, 239. New name for Speotyto domini-
censis Cory, not available.
Island of Hispaniola; Gonave and Beata Islands.
{Speotyto cunicularia amaura Lawrence
Speotyto amaura Lawrence, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, p. 234.
(Antigua, West Indies.)
Formerly found on the islands of Nevis and Antigua, West Indies.
Now extinct.
tSpeotyto cunicularia guadeloupensis Ridgway
Speotyto cunicularia guadeloupensis Ridgway, in Baird, Brewer and
Ridgway, Hist. No. Am. Bds., 3, 1874, p. 90, note. (Guadeloupe,
West Indies.)
Formerly occurred either on the Island of Guadeloupe or the neighbor-
ing Island of Marie Galante in the Lesser Antilles. Now extinct.
1 Described as a new species, apparently in ignorance of Speotyto cunicularia
bahamensis Cory, 1891, Inagua, Bahamas.
152 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Speotyto cunicularia arubensis Cory
Speotyto cunicularia arubensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn.
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 299. (Aruba Island.)
Aruba Island off the north coast of Venezuela.
Speotyto cunicularia brachyptera Richmond
Speotyto brachyptera Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 18, 1896, p. 663.
(East of Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela.)
Margarita Island off the north coast of Venezuela, and parts of the oppo-
site mainland; exact limits not worked out.
Speotyto cunicularia minor Cory
Speotyto cunicularia minor Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool.
Ser., 18, pt. 2, no. 1, 1918, p. 40. (Béa Vista, Rio Branco, Amazonas,
Brazil.)
Savannas of the upper Rio Branco, Brazil and probably the adjacent
parts of British Guiana and Surinam.
Speotyto cunicularia carrikeri Stone
Speotyto cunicularia carrikert Stone, Auk, 39, 1922, p. 84. (Palmar,
Boyaca, Colombia.)
Known only from the type locality in the Eastern Andes of Colombia.
Speotyto cunicularia tolimae Stone
Speotyto cunicularia tolime Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899,
p- 303. (Plains of Tolima, Colombia.)
Known only from the type locality in western Colombia.
?PSpeotyto cunicularia pichinchae Boetticher
Speotyto cunicularia pichinchae Boetticher, Senckenbergiana, 11, 1929,
p. 3891. (Pichincha, Ecuador.)
Western Ecuador (except the arid littoral) north to Quito.!
Speotyto cunicularia punensis Chapman
Speotyto cunicularia punensis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33,
1914, p. 318. (Puna Island, Ecuador.)
Arid littoral of western Ecuador from Bahia de Caraques to north-
western Peru.
Speotyto cunicularia intermedia Cory
Speotyto cunicularia intermedia Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.,
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 300. (Pacasmayo, Peru.)
Coast of Peru from south of Payta to Pacasmayo.
1 Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 250 refers all Ecuadorean
specimens of S. cunicularia not identifiable as punensis to nanodes; pichinchae
is very doubtfully distinct from that race.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 153
Speotyto cunicularia juninensis Berlepsch and Stolzmann
Speotyto cunicularia juninensis Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool.
Soe. London, 1902, vol. 2, p. 41. (Ingapirea, Junin, Peru.)
Andes of central Peru and western Bolivia from Lake Junin to Lake
Poopo.
Speotyto cunicularia nanodes Berlepsch and Stolzmann
Speotyto cunicularia nanodes Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc.
London, 1892, p. 388, in text. (Lima, Peru.)
Littoral of western Peru from Trujillo to the Department of Arequipa.
Speotyto cunicularia grallaria (Temminck)
Strix grallaria Temminck, PI. col., livr. 25, 1822, pl. 146. (Brazil, 7.e.
Faxina, Sao Paulo, cf. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool.
Ser., 12, 1929, p. 405, note 2.)
Speotyto cunicularia beckeri Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn.
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 299. (Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia, Brazil.)
Dry interior of Brazil from Maranhao and Piauhy southward through
Goyaz and Bahia to southeastern Matto Grosso and Paranda.
Speotyto cunicularia cunicularia (Molina)
Striz Cunicularia Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, 1782, p. 263. (Chile.)
Chile from Tarapacd to Cautin; southern Bolivia; Paraguay; Uruguay;
southern Brazil in State of Rio Grande do Sul; Argentina south to Tierra
del Fuego.
Genus CICCABA WaGLER
Ciccaba Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1222. Type, by monotypy,
Ciccaba huhula = Strix huhula Daudin.
cf. L. Kelso, Syn. Am. Wood Owls Genus Ciccaba, 1932, p. 1-47.
Mackworth-Praed and Grant, Ibis, 1938, p. 333-335 (races of wood-
fordir).
Peters, Auk, 55, 1938, p. 179-186.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 668-670 (Syrnium woodfordi and
S. nuchale).
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 759-767.
Ciccaba virgata tamaulipensis (Phillips)
Striz virgata tamaulipensis Phillips, Auk, 28, 1911, p. 76. (Rio Martinez,
Tamaulipas.)
Known only from the southern part of the State of Tamaulipas, Mexico.
Ciccaba virgata squamulata (Bonaparte)
Syrnium squamulatum Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 53. (Mexico;
restricted to Tehuantepec City, Oaxaca, by Kelso, 1933.) !
1 This restriction cannot stand; Dr. Junge who kindly compared selected
154 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ciccaba virgata amplonotata L. Kelso, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 46, 1933,
p. 151. (Mazatlan, Sinaloa.)
Western Mexico from Sonora to Guerrero.
Ciccaba virgata centralis Griscom
Ciccaba virgata centralis Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 69, 1929, p.
159. (Chivela, Oaxaca.)
Ciccaba virgata eatoni L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 58, 1936, p. 215. (Apa-
zote, Campeche, Mexico.) Light phase.
Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz south over Central
America to western Panama.
Ciccaba virgata virgata (Cassin)
Syrnium virgatum Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848 (1850),
p. 124. (South America; restricted to Bogota, by Berlepsch, Nov.
Zool., 15, 1908, p. 288.)
Panama from the Canal Zone eastward, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela;
Island of Trinidad.
Ciccaba virgata macconnelli Chubb
Ciccaba superciliaris macconnelli Chubb, Bds. Brit. Guiana, 1, 1916,
p. 290. (Ituribisi River, British Guiana.)
British Guiana, Surinam and Cayenne; actual limits of range not
known.
Ciccaba virgata superciliaris (Pelzeln)
Syrnium superciliare ‘‘“Natterer’’ Pelzeln, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien,
13, 1863, p. 1125. (Brazil, 7.e., Villa Bella de Matto Grosso on the
Rio Guaporé, cf. Hellmayr, Abh. K. Bay. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 26, 1912,
p. 78.)
Lower Amazon Valley in Brazil from the Guaporé and the Madeira to
Para.
Ciccaba virgata borelliana (Bertoni) ?
Syrnium Borellianum Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901,
p. 176. (Puerto Bertoni, Alto Parand, Paraguay.)
Southern Brazil, Paraguay and northeastern Argentina.
Ciccaba nigrolineata Sclater
Ciccaba nigrolineata Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 1381.
(Southern Mexico; Oaxaca substituted by Kelso, antea, 1932, p. 11.) ?
specimens from various parts of Mexico with Bonaparte’s type in the Leiden
Museum, writes that the type agrees in most respects with a specimen from
Sinaloa.
1 Replaces Ciccaba suinda of authors, not of Vieillot; see E. Kelso, Biol.
Leaflet no. 4, 1934, p. 57.
2 Syrnium spilonotum Sharpe, 1875, is not different; see Chapman, Bull.
Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 254.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 155
Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz southward over Central
America to Colombia and western Ecuador.
Ciccaba huhula (Daudin)
Strix huhula Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 190. (Cayenne.)
The Guianas, and Brazil south to Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo, west to
the Madeira and east to Piauhy.
Ciccaba albitarsus (Bonaparte)
Syrnium albitarse “Gr.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 52. (South
America, 7.e. Bogota.) !
Ciccaba albitarse goodfellowi Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 46.
(North of Quito, 11,000 feet, Ecuador.)
Humid temperate zone of Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela.
Ciccaba woodfordii umbrina (Heuglin)
Surnium (?) [sic] wmbrinum Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 12.
(Province of Begemeder, 9000 feet, Ethiopia.)
Forested parts of Ethiopia.
Ciccaba woodfordii nigricantior (Sharpe)
Syrnium nigricantius Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 47. (Mpwa-
pwa, Tanganyika Territory.)
Syrnium woodfordi var. suahelicum Reichenow, in Werther’s Die mittl.
Hochl. nordl. Deutsch-Ost-Afr., 1898, p. 272. (German East Africa.)?
Syrnium woodfordi var. sansibaricum Reichenow, in Werther’s Die mittl.
Hochl. nérdl. Deutsch-Ost-Afr., 1898, p. 272. (Zanzibar.)
Forests of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory.
Ciccaba woodfordii nuchalis (Sharpe)
Syrnium nuchale Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 487. (Fanti.)
Forests of tropical Africa from Sierra Leone eastward to Cameroon and
south to Landana.
Ciccaba woodfordii bohndorffi (Sharpe)
Syrnium Bohndorffi Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, Zool., 17, 1884,
p. 439. (Semmio, Niam Niam Country, i.e. Zémio, on the right bank
of the Bomu River, Ubangi-Shari.)
Southeastern French Equatorial Africa, southern Sudan and Uganda,
south to the Kasai district of the Belgian Congo, and probably northern
Angola.
1 This name barely escapes being a nomen nudum and is quite unidentifiable
from the original diagnosis, ‘‘-tarsis splendide albis.’’ The identity of the name
rests on the type in the British Museum and Sclater’s description and plate in
Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 263, pl. 9.
2 Type from Tunungua, Ukami, Tanganyika Territory, now in Zoological
Museum, Berlin. Fide W. Meise in litt.
156 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Ciccaba woodfordii woodfordii (A. Smith)
Noctua Woodfordii A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 312.
(South Africa.)
Forested parts of South Africa north to Lake Bangweulu and Nyasaland.
SUBFAMILY STRIGINAE
Genus STRIX Linné !
Striz Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. Type, by tautonymy,
Strix stridula Linné (Strix, prebinomial specific name insynonymy) =
Strix aluco Linné.
Tacitathena L. and E. H. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 7, 1937. Type, by
original designation, Strix hylophila Temminck.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 396-405;
7, 1930, p. 378-380.
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 88-89.
Démentiev, Alauda, 5, 1933, p. 331-334. (West Palaearctic races of
aluco.)
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 60-63.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1013-1028; 3, 1922, p. 2196-
2197; Nachtr. 1, 1923, p. 69.
Hartert and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 5,
1936, p. 392-395.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 634-652 (in-
cluding Scotiaptex).
Stegmann, Journ. f. Orn., 78, 1930, p. 462-464.
Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 32, 1924, p. 110-111. (Indo-Malayan
forms.)
Strix butleri (Hume) ?
Asio butleri Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 7, 1878, p. 316.
(Omara [or Ormara], Mekran Coast, southern Baluchistan.)
Southwestern Asia; recorded from the mountains southeast of Jeru-
salem, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Mekran Coast of southern Balu-
chistan.
Strix selo-puto selo-puto Horsfield
?Striz Orientalis Shaw, Gen. Zool., 7, pt. 1, 1809, p. 257. (Based exclu-
sively on the ‘China Owl” of Latham’s Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 368;
Cochinchina designated as type locality by Chasen, antea, p. 88.) ®
1 Replaces Syrnium Savigny of Sharpe’s Hand-list and includes Scotiaptex
Swainson.
2 T am not at all sure that this species is correctly placed in the genus Strix.
3 T agree with Stresemann, antea, p. 111, note, that the ‘“China Owl” is not
identifiable; parts of the description do not apply to the species here under
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 157
Strix Selo-puto Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 140. (Java.)
Strix pagodorum Temminck, PI. col., livr. 39, 1823, pl. 230. (India and
Java; restricted to Java by Stresemann, antea, p. 111, note.)
Southern Burma southward over the Malay Peninsula; Siam; Cochin-
china; Java.
Strix selo-puto baweana Oberholser
Strix baweana Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 52, 1917, p. 184, 190.
(Bawean Island.)
Bawean Island in the Java Sea.
Strix selo-puto wiepkeni (Blasius)
Syrnium Wiepkeni Blasius, Braunschweig. Anz., no. 52, 1 March, 1888,
p. 467. (Near Puerto Princesa, Palawan.)
Syrnium whiteheadi Sharpe, Ibis, April, 1888, p. 196, pl. 3. (Near
Puerto Princesa, Palawan.)
Palawan.
Strix ocellata (Lesson)
Syrnium ocellatum Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 289. (Pondicherry.)
India from the Himalayas eastward to lower Bengal and south to the
southern Nilgiris and Pondicherry.
Strix leptogrammica newarensis (Hodgson)
Ulula newarensis Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 168. (Nepal.)
The Himalayas throughout their length between 2500 and 8000 feet;
the birds from northern and central Burma and northern Siam may be
referable here.
Strix leptogrammica indranee Sykes
Strix Indranee Sykes, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1832, p. 82.
(The Ghauts = Lonauli, western Ghats.)
Southern India north to Mahabaleshwar on the west and Goomsur on
the east.
Strix leptogrammica ochrogenys (Hume)
Syrnium ochrogenys Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 431, in text. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon.!
Strix leptogrammica maingayi (Hume)
Syrnium maingayt Hume, Stray Feath., 6, 1878, p. 27-28. (Malacca.)
consideration, other parts might apply to any one of several species. If the
birds occupying the continental part of the range here outlined for S. s. selo-puto
are subspecifically distinct, a new name is required, since none is available.
1 For remarks on the validity of this race see Whistler and Kinnear, Journ.
Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 233.
158 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Strix indranee rileyi E. H. Kelso, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 305. (Khaw Nok
Ram, Trong, Lower Siam.)
Southern Burma, Peninsular Siam and the Malay Peninsula.
Strix leptogrammica ticehursti Delacour
Strix leptogrammica orientalis Delacour and Jabouille, Oiseau, 11, 1930,
p. 406. (Pakha, 1200 metres, Tonkin.) Not Strix orientalis Shaw,
1809.
Strix leptogrammica ticehursti Delacour, Oiseau, 11, 1930, p. 654. New
name for S. l. orientalis Delacour and Jabouille, preoccupied.
?Striz indranee shanensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1935,
p. 36. (Sintaung, 6000 feet, Shan States.) Type a cage bird.
Southeastern China in provinces of Anhwei, Fukien and Kwangsi;
Tonkin; northern Laos.
Strix leptogrammica laotiana Delacour
Strix newarensis laotianus [sic] Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926,
p. 11. (Xieng-Khouang, Laos.)
Southern Laos and Annam.
Strix leptogrammica caligata (Swinhoe)
Bubo caligatus Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 218. (Formosa.)
Formosa and Hainan.!
Strix leptogrammica myrtha (Bonaparte)
Ciccaba myrtha Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. (Sumatra.)
Sumatra.
Strix leptogrammica nyctiphasma Oberholser
Strix leptogrammica nyctiphasma Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.,
14, 1924, p. 302. (Bangkaru Island, Banjak Islands.)
Banjak Islands, off the western coast of Sumatra.
Strix leptogrammica niasensis (Salvadori)
Syrnium niasense Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 24, 1887, p. 526.
(Nias Island.)
Nias Island, off the western coast of Sumatra.
Strix leptogrammica bartelsi (Finsch)
Syrnium bartelsi Finsch, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 63. (Pasir
Datar, Preunger, Mt. Pangerango, 2600 feet, Java.)
Western and central Java.
1 N. B. Kinnear, writes me that it is doubtful whether ochrogenys, ticehurstt,
caligata and laotiana can be recognized.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 159
Strix leptogrammica vaga Mayr
Strix leptogrammica vaga Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 15.
(Bengkoka, northern Borneo.)
North Borneo (Bengkoka and Sandakan).
Strix leptogrammica leptogrammica Temminck
Strix leptogrammica Temminck, PI. col., livr. 88, 1831, pl. 525. (Borneo.)
Type from near Pontianak, fide Mayr supra.
Southern and central Borneo; Billiton Island.
Strix aluco sylvatica Shaw
Strix sylvatica Shaw, Gen. Zool., 7, pt. 1, 1809, p. 253. (England.)
Great Britain, and western Europe from Holland (?) and France to the
Iberian Peninsula.
Strix aluco mauritanica (Witherby)
Syrnium aluco mauritanicum Witherby, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 15, 1905,
p. 36. (Algeria, type from Les Glaciéres, near Blidah, Algeria.)
Northern Morocco, northern Algeria and Tunisia north of the Atlas;
Syria (?), Palestine (?).
Strix aluco aluco Linné
Strix Aluco Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, restricted
type locality, Sweden.)
Scandinavian Peninsula north to about lat. 65° N., central and eastern
Europe north to about lat. 61° N. in Russia, south to the Mediterranean
and Black Seas, east to western Russia; Asia Minor (?). Intergrades
throughout central and western Russia with S. a. siberiae.
Strix aluco siberiae Démentiev
Strix aluco siberiae Démentiev, Alauda, 5, 1933, p. 339. (Sokolowa,
near Tobolsk, Siberia.)
Extreme eastern Russia (Kungur district of Perm and the upper Ural
River) to western Siberia as far as Tobolsk and Ishim.
Strix aluco willkonskii (Menzbier)
Syrnium willkouskii [sic]1 Menzbier, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1896, p. 6.
(Transcaucasia. )
The Caucasus.’
Strix aluco obscurata Stegmann
Strix aluco obscurata Stegmann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, p. 39.
(Lenkoran, southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea.)
1 A typographical error for willkonskit, cf. Menzbier, t. c., p. 24.
2 By some believed to be a color variety of S. a. aluco; for varying opinions
see Stegmann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 51, 1931, p. 117, and Démentiev, Alauda, 5,
1933, p. 335-337.
160 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Lenkoran district of Transcaucasia and the forested parts of northern
Persia as far as Mazanderan.
Strix aluco sancti-nicolai (Zarudny)
Syrnium sancti-nicolai Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1905, p. 49.
(Schalil River and Gamdalkal, Bachtiari region, western Persia.)
Western and southwestern Persia; Iraq (winter).
Strix aluco harmsi (Zarudny)
Syrnium hdrmsi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 34. (Tchirtchik,
Turkestan.)
Russian Turkestan east of the western Tian Shan.
Strix aluco biddulphi Scully
Strix biddulphi Scully, Ibis, 1881, p. 423, pl. 14. (Gilgit.)
Northwestern India (Gilgit, Kashmir), Baluchistan and probably
Afghanistan.
Strix aluco nivicola (Blyth)
Syrnium nivicolum “Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14,
pt. 1, 1845, p. 185. (‘“Himalaya,” 7.e., Nepal.)
2Syrnium blanfordi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 34. (North-
western Himalayas) ex Blanford, Fauna Brit. Ind., Bds., 3, 1895,
p. 274.
Strix aluco harterti La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 50.
(Changlo hsien, 4000-5000 feet, Hupeh.)
Strix aluco nivipetens Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 10.
(Lichiang Mountains, Yunnan.)
The Himalayas from Murree to eastern Assam north of the Brahma-
putra; Shan States; occurring also in China in provinces of Kansu,
Szechuan, Yunnan, Hupeh, Kwangtung and Kweichow.
Strix aluco yamadae Yamashina
Strix nivicola yamade Yamashina, Tori, 9, 1936, p. 220. (Tataka,
Tainan district, Formosa.)
Mountains of southern Formosa.
Strix aluco ma (Clark)
Syrnium ma Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, p. 471. (Fusan,
Korea.)
Chihli, Jehoi, Korea.
Strix occidentalis caurina (Merriam)
Syrnium occidentale caurinum Merriam, Auk, 15, 1898, p. 39, 40. (Mt.
Vernon, Skagit Valley, Washington.)
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 161
Pacific coast region of North America from Vancouver Island and
southern British Columbia southward through western Washington and
western Oregon to the region north of San Francisco Bay, California.
Strix occidentalis occidentalis (Xantus)
Syrnium occidentale Xantus, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859 (1860),
p. 193. (Fort Tejon, California.)
Mountains of southern California (north on the western slope of the
Sierra Nevada to Mariposa County) south into the mountains of Lower
California (?) }
Strix occidentalis lucida (Nelson)
Syrnium occidentale lucidum Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 16, 1903,
p. 152. (Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico.)
Strix occidentalis huachucae Swarth, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 7, 1910, p. 3.
(Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.)
Mountains of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico and western Texas,
south through central Mexico to Michoacdn and Guanajuato.
Strix varia varia Barton
Striz varius Bartram MS., Barton, Fragm. Nat. Hist. Pennsylvania,
1799, p: 11. (Pennsylvania.)
Strix varia brunnescens Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931, p. 94.
(Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota.) 2
Striz varia albescens Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931, p. 95.
(Atelante, Quebec.) ”
Eastern Montana, southern Manitoba, southern Ontario, southern
Quebec and Nova Scotia (Newfoundland?), south to eastern Colorado,
Kansas, northern Arkansas, eastern Tennessee and the mountains of
northern Georgia. Chiefly resident, partially migratory in the northern
parts of its range.
Strix varia georgica Latham
Strix Georgica Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xv. (“Georgia
Americana,” 1.e. southern Georgia, ex Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 64,
mo. 132) >.
Coastal regions of the southern and southeastern United States west to
eastern Texas, north to Arkansas, western Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia
(except northern) and central North Carolina.
1 Actual occurrence in Lower California unsubstantiated by specimens,
ef. Grinnell, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 32, 1928, p. 242.
2 This proposed subspecies requires confirmation based on adequate series
of breeding birds.
3 For reasons for adopting this name in place of Strix varia alleni Ridgway,
1880, see Kelso, Auk, 50, 1933, p. 106-107.
162 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
?Strix varia sablei (Nicholson)
Syrnium nebulosum sablei Nicholson, Florida Naturalist, 17, 1938, p. 99.
(Flamingo at Cape Sable, Munroe County, Florida.)
Known only from the region about Cape Sable, Florida. Doubtfully
separable from S. v. georgica.
Strix varia helveola (Bangs)
Syrnium nebulosum helveolum Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 1,
1899, p. 31. (Corpus Christi, Texas.)
Strix varia albogilva Bangs, Auk, 25, 1908, p. 316. New name for Striz
varia helveola (Bangs) supposedly preoccupied by Strix helvola Lich-
tenstein, 1842.
South-central Texas.
Strix varia sartorii (Ridgway)
Syrnium nebulosum var. Sartorii Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873,
p. 200. (Mirador, Vera Cruz, Mexico.)
Mountains of Mexico in states of Durango, Jalisco, Michoacan, Mexico,
Guerrero, Puebla, Vera Cruz and Oaxaca.
Strix varia fulvescens (Sclater and Salvin)
Syrnium fulvescens Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868,
p. 58. (Guatemala.)
Mountains of the State of Chiapas, Mexico and of western Guatemala
and Honduras.
Strix hylophila Temminck
Striz hylophila Temminck, PI. col., livr. 63, 1825, pl. 378. (Brazil, 1.e.
Ypanema, Sao Paulo, fide Hartert, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 288.)
Nyctale Bergiana W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901,
p. 173. (Rio Mondaih, Paraguay.)
? Nyctale fasciata M. and W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1,
1901, p. 174. (Djaguarasapd4, Alto Parand, Paraguay.) }
Brazil in states of Minas Geraés, SAo Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul;
Paraguay; northern Argentina in states of Formosa and Misiones.
Strix rufipes chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger
Strix chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 27,
1921, p. 1. (Fort Wheeler, Paraguayan Chaco.)
1 Kelso, Auk, 50, 1933, p. 435-436 believes that this is a prior name for
Strix chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger; the description seems to me to
apply just as well to Strix hylophila. However it makes no real difference, since
the specific name fasciata is invalid by reason of Strix fasciata Vieillot, Nouv.
Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 21 (Martinique), a species never identified, and
Ulula fasciata DesMurs, Icon. Orn., livr. 7, 1846 (1847), pl. 37 and text
(Chile), which is the same as Strix rufipes rufipes King.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 163
Chaco of Salta and Paraguay southward across the plains of central
Argentina to the Territory of La Pampa.
Strix rufipes sanborni Wheeler
Strix rufipes sanborni Wheeler, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser.,
20, 1938, p. 479. (Quellon, Chiloe Island, Chile.)
Confined to Chiloe Island; known only from the unique type.
Strix rufipes rufipes King
Strix rufipes King, Zool. Journ., 3, 1828, p. 426. (Port Famine, Straits
of Magellan.)
Southern Chile and southern Argentina from Valdivia and Lake Nahuel
Huapi south to the Straits of Magellan.
Strix uralensis liturata Tengmalm
Strix Liturata Tengmalm, Kong]. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 14, 1793,
p. 267. (Sweden.)!
Forested parts of northern Sweden and Lapland southward through East
Prussia, Poland and western Russia to the eastern Alps, the Carpathians
and the Russian Government of Smolensk. Intergrades with the typical
form in central Russia from Arkangelsk to Simbirsk and Samara.
Strix uralensis uralensis Pallas
Stryx uralensis Pallas, Reise versch. Prov. Russ. Reichs, 1, 1771, Anh.,
p. 3. (Ural Mountains.)
Syrnium uralense sibiricum Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 166.
(Tomsk, Siberia.) Not Strix sibirica Schlegel and Susemihl, 1848.
Forests of eastern Russia from the Kama and Volga rivers eastward to
West Siberia in Governments of Tobolsk and Tomsk. Occurs in winter
in central European Russia.
Strix uralensis yenisseensis Buturlin
Strix uralensis yenisseensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 183. (Kras-
noyarsk, Siberia.)
Forests of central Siberia from Krasnoyarsk to Yakutsk and Lake
Baikal, south to the Altai and the Khangai Mountains. Recorded in winter
from Transbaikalia.
Strix uralensis daurica Stegmann
Striz uralensis daurica ‘‘Sushk. in litt.” Stegmann, Ann. Mus. Zool.
Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., 1928 (1929), p. 181. (Transbaikalia.)
1 Dr. Herbert Friedmann has called my attention to the fact that Sher-
born (Index Anim., sect. 1, 1902) cites Strix liturata as of Lindroth, Mus.
Grillianum, 1788, p. 5. I have been unable to verify this citation to deter-
mine whether the name applies to the species in question, or whether Lindroth
is a binary or binomial author.
164 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Eastern shore of Lake Baikal southward to the Kentei Mountains and
east to western Amurland and Yakutland.
Strix uralensis nikolskii (Buturlin)
Syrnium uralense nikolskii Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 55, 1907, p. 333, 335.
(Southeastern Siberia.)
Southern coasts of the Sea of Okhotsk southward across central and
eastern Amurland to the Little Khingan Mountains and Ussuriland.
?Strix uralensis tatibanai Momiyama
Strix uralensis tatibanai Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1927, p. 21.
(Keton, Sisuka-gun, Sesuka Prefect.-dist., Sakhalin.)
Island of Sakhalin; perhaps not separable from S. wu. nikolskii.
Strix uralensis coreensis Momiyama
Syrnium uralense iaponicum Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907,
p. 471. (Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.) Not Strix japonica Temminck
and Schlegel.
Striz uralensis coreensis Momiyama, Journ. Chésen Nat. Hist. Soc.,
no. 4, Jan., 1927, p. 1. (Taianzan, Korea.) In Japanese.
Strix uralensis morii Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, Nov., 1927,
p. 21. (Near Seoul, Korea.)
Strix uralensts jingkou Momiyama, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 182. (Yingkou,
Shing King Shong, Manchuria.)
Southeastern Manchuria and Korea; Island of Hokkaido.
Strix uralensis hondoensis (Clark)
Syrnium uralense hondoense Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907,
p. 472. (Iwaki, Hondo, Japan.)
Northern part of the Island of Hondo, south to about lat. 37° N.
Strix uralensis momiyamae Taka-Tsukasa
Strix uralensis momiyamae Taka-Tsukasa, Tori, 7, 1931, no. 31, p. 14.
(Shinano, Hondo, Japan.)
Central part of the Island of Hondo.
Strix uralensis fuscescens Temminck and Schlegel
Strix rufescens Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., Aves,
1847, p. 30. (Japan.) Not Strix rufescens Horsfield.
Strix fuscescens Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., 1847,
Aves, pl. 10. (Japan; Island of Kiusiu selected as type locality by
Hartert, antea, 1913, p. 1021.)
Strix uralensis pacifica Kuroda. On an apparently new form of Ural Owl
from the Pacific side of Hondo, Japan, 1924, p. 15, 16. (Kusumi,
Ito, Province of Izu, Hondo.)
Strix uralensis nigra Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1927, p. 21.
(Province of Ohsumi, Kiusiu.)
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 165
Strix uralensis media Momiyama, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 183. (Kamatari-
mura, Kimitsu-gun, Province of Kazusa, Hondo.)
Western and southern part of Hondo (but not the northern coast from
Inaba to Echizen which is inhabited by momiyamae) eastward to the
region at the entrance of Tokio Bay; Awaji; Shikoku; Kiusiu.
Strix davidi (Sharpe)
Syrnium davidi Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 256. (Mupin, Szechwan.)
Ptynz fulvescens “David” Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 256 in synonymy of
Syrnium davidi Sharpe! Not Syrnium fulvescens Sclater and Salvir,
1868.
Recorded only from the mountains of western Szechwan.”
Strix nebulosa nebulosa J. R. Forster
Strix nebulosa J. R. Forster, Philos. Trans., 62, 1772, p. 424. (Hudson
Bay.)
Strix cinerea Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 291. (Hudson Strait.)
Breeds in northern North America from tree limit south to northern
British Columbia, central Alberta, northern Manitoba and northern
Ontario (and in the mountains to the Sierra Nevada of California, northern
Idaho and western Montana). Winters irregularly southward through
southern Canada to the northern United States.
Strix nebulosa lapponica Thunberg
Strix lapponica Thunberg, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 19, 1798,
p. 184. (Lapland.)
Striz barbata Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 62. (Mountains of eastern
Siberia.)
Strix tridactyla Fischer, Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 1812, p. 278.
(Between Moschaisk and Smolensk.)
Syrnium cinereum sakhalinense Buturlin, Psovaia i Ruzheinaia Okhota,
13, Feb., 1907, p. 87. (Island of Sakhalin.) In Russian; Journ. f. Orn.,
55, July, 1907, p. 332, 334.
Forested parts of the northern Palaearctic region from Lapland east-
ward to the Anadyr, south to about lat. 52° N. in Russia and south to the
southern edge of the ‘“Taiga” of Siberia: Island of Sakhalin. In winter
moves southward to eastern Germany, lat. 50° N. in Russia, the upper
Yenessei valley, Transbaikalia and Amurland.
1 This name is the result of a lapsus on the part of Sharpe which came about
as follows: in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 7, 1871, Bull., p. 3-14 is
a Catalogue of Chinese birds etc. by David; on p. 4 David lists as no. 36
“Ptynz fuscescens Bp. Moupin.” Sharpe evidently read fulvescens since he
wrote “. . . Pére David pointed out to me that he was convinced that he had
shot two species of Syrnium at Moupin, one of which was the true S. nivicolum
and the other had been determined by M. Jules Verreaux as Ptynx fulvescens
and still bore this identification in his own handwriting.”
2 This species is almost certainly a southern representative of Strix uralensis.
166 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Strix nebulosa elisabethae Stegmann
Strix nebulosa elisabethae Stegmann, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Russie,
1925, p. 61. (Upper Sugnur River, Kentei Mountains.)
Confined to the Kentei Mountains in northern Mongolia.
GreNus RHINOPTYNX Kaup
Rhinoptynz Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, Bd. 1, p. 107. Type, by
subsequent designation, Otus mexicanus Cuv. = Bubo clamator
Vieillot (Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 225).
cf. Kelso and Kelso, Key to Species Am. Owls, 1934, p. 16, 40.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 670-673.
Rhinoptynx clamator clamator (Vieillot)
Bubo Clamator Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., 1, 1807, p. 52, pl. 20. (Cayenne
to Hudson Bay, restricted to Cayenne by Hellmayr, Abh. K. Bayer.
Akad. Wiss., Kl. 2, 22, 1906, p. 574.)
Southeastern Mexico (State of Vera Cruz) southward over Central
America and South America to Peru and southern Brazil (Matto Grosso
and Sao Paulo).
Rhinoptynx clamator oberi E. H. Kelso
Rhinoptynx clamator obert E. H. Kelso, Auk, 53, 1936, p. 82. (Island of
Tobago.)
Known only from the unique type.
Rhinoptynx clamator midas (Schlegel)
Strix maculata Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 45. (Para-
guay; based on “el Nacurutti chorreado” of Azara, Apunt., 1, p. 202.)
Not Strix maculata Kerr, 1792.
Otus midas “Lichtenstein” Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1862, Oti, p. 2,
note. (Montevideo, Uruguay.)
Rhinoptynz clamator mogensent L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 52, 1935, p. 451.
(Concepcién, Tucuman, Argentina.)!
Paraguay and southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to northern Ar-
gentina (Tucumdn) and Uruguay.
NOTE. Otus macrurus Kaup (Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 4, 1859, p. 232.
— Mexico), is sometimes referred to this genus, but has never been satis-
factorily identified with any known owl. In an effort to settle the status of
this supposed species I wrote to Dr. Alfred Laubmann requesting him to ex-
amine the type which was believed to be in the Zoological Museum at
Wirzburg. Dr. Laubmann however informs me that Prof. Dr. Schleip, the
director, writes that he cannot find the type in the collection, nor is there any
catalogue entry of it. I feel that the name is best dropped as unidentifiable.
1 The characters claimed for this race are not present in the two topotypi-
cal females available to me.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 167
Genus ASIO Brisson
Asio Brisson, Orn., 1, 1760, p. 28. Type, by tautonymy, Asio Brisson =
Strix otus Linné.
cf. Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 6, 1919, p. 95-98.
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 51-52.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 984-992.
Kelso and Kelso, Key to Species of American Owls [Biol. Leaflet
no. 4], 1935, p. 37-39.
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 658-663 (excluding leucotis).
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 652-670.
Asio otus otus (Linné)
Strix Otus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted
type locality = Sweden, ex Faun. Svec.)
Asio otus turcmenica Zarudny and Bilkewitch, Izvestia Zakaspiiskago
Muzeia, 1918, p. 16. (Tedzhen and Murgab.) !
Resident in the British Isles, Europe and Asia north to lat. 66° N. in
western Europe, 58° N. in the Urals, 60° N. in central Siberia and to the
Island of Hokkaido; south to the Azores, northwestern Africa, southern
Europe, Transcaspia, Turkestan, the Himalayas, northern Mongolia
(perhaps to the mountains of western China), Manchuria, Ussuriland and
Island of Hondo. In winter migrates from the more northern parts of its
range into the British Isles, central Europe, northwestern India, southern
China and the southern Japanese Islands.
Asio otus canariensis Madardsz
Asio canariensis Madardsz, Orn. Monatsb., 9, 1901, p. 54. (Tafira,
Gran Canaria, Canary Islands.)
Canary Islands: Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Palma.
Asio otus wilsonianus (Lesson)
Otus Wilsonianus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 110. (United
States = Pennsylvania, ex Wilson, 6, p. 73, pl. 51, f. 3 [z.e. f. 1].)
Resident in North America from central British Columbia, southern
Mackenzie, northern Ontario, southern Quebec and Newfoundland, south
to northwestern Lower California, northern Texas, Arkansas and Vir-
ginia. Winters over the greater part of its breeding range and south to
central Mexico, the Gulf States and Florida.
Asio stygius lambi Moore
Asio stygius lambi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc: Wash., 50, 1937, p. 103.
(Babizos, 6400 feet, northeastern Sinaloa.)
Mountains in the states of Sinaloa and Durango, Mexico.
1 Original not seen, so quoted by Démentiev. The Zool. Rec. for 1931 cites
the same journal in its translated form, Bull. Mus. Transcaspien.
168 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Asio stygius robustus L. Kelso
Asio stygius robustus L. Kelso, Auk, 51, 1934, p. 522. (Mirador, Vera
Cruz, Mexico.)
Recorded from Vera Cruz, Guatemala, and Nicaragua; a specimen in
the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy from Bogotd, Colombia, is referable
to this form as are birds from other localities in the temperate zone of
Colombia and Ecuador in the American Museum of Natural History.
Asio stygius siguapa (d’Orbigny)
Otus siguapa d’Orbigny, in La Sagra’s Hist. fis. pol. y nat. Isla de Cuba,
3, Aves, 1839, p. 40,1 pl. 2. (Cuba.)
Cuba and the Isle of Pines.
Asio stygius noctipetens Riley
Asio noctipetens Riley, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 66, 1916, no. 15, p. 1. (Con-
stanza, 4000 feet, Santo Domingo.)
Islands of Gonave and Hispaniola.
Asio stygius stygius (Wagler)
Nyctalops stygius Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1221. (Brazil or
South Africa = Minas Geraés.)
Brazil from the Rio Solimoés and the Rio Negro southward and east-
ward to Matto Grosso, Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul.
Asio stygius barberoi Bertoni
Asio stygius var. barberot Bertoni, Rev. Soc. Cient. Paraguay, 2, 1930,
fig. on p. 243, p. 246. (Monte Sociedad, Paraguayan Chaco.)
Paraguay; northern Argentina in states of Tucuman, Santiago del
Estero, Chaco, Formosa and Misiones.
Asio abyssinicus abyssinicus (Guérin-Méneville)
Otus abyssinicus Guérin-Méneville, Rev. Zool., 1848, p. 321. (Abys-
sinia. )
Highlands of Ethiopia.
Asio abyssinicus graueri Sassi
Asio abessinicus graueri Sassi, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw.
Kl., 49, 1912, p. 122. (Forested country west of Lake Tanganyika.)
Known only from the type locality in the eastern Belgian Congo.
Asio madagascariensis (A. Smith)
Otus Madagascariensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 316.
(Madagascar.)
1P. 31 in French ed.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 169
Asio Chauvini Lamberton, Bull. Acad. Malgache (n. s.), 10, 1927 (1928),
p. 40 and pl. (Forest of Varifono, one hour north of Rogez, Bricka-
ville district, Madagascar.)!
Asio flammeus flammeus (Pontoppidan)
Strix Flammea Pontoppidan, Danske Atlas, 1, 1763, p. 617, pl. 25.
(Sweden.) 2
Otus leucopsis C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 413. (Sarepta.)
Asto accipitrinus pallidus Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 14,
1906, p. 151. (West Siberie, eastern Orenburg, Turgai and Tur-
kestan.)
Asio accipitrinus McIlhennyi Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899
(1900), p. 478. (Point Barrow, Alaska.)
Breeds in the British Isles (absent from Ireland) and in Europe and
Asia north to about lat. 70° N., from Scandinavia to Anadyr, south to the
Pyrenees, Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, Caucasus, Turkestan, northern
Mongolia, southeastern Manchuria and Island of Sakhalin; in North
America breeds from the Aleutian Islands, northern Alaska, northern
Mackenzie and Ungava, south locally to California, Colorado, southern
Kansas, Missouri, northern Indiana, northern Ohio and the coast of New
Jersey; Greenland. Winters south to the Mediterranean, northern Africa,
Palestine, Ethiopia, Aden, northern India, southeastern China, Lower
California, Guatemala, the Gulf of Mexico and Cuba (rarely).
Asio flammeus bogotensis Chapman
Asto flammeus bogotensis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34,
1915, p. 370. (Savanna of Bogota, Colombia.)
Asio galapagoensis xquatorialis Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916,
p. 46. (Mount Pichincha, 11,000 feet, Ecuador.)
Arid temperate and paramo zones of Colombia and Ecuador, and pos-
sibly also Peru.
Asio flammeus suinda (Vieillot)
Strix suinda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 34. (Paraguay
in lat. 27°S., and Rio de la Plata. Ex Azara, no. XLV.)
1 Based on a plumage aberration; cf. Delacour, L’Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn.
(n.s.), 2, 1932, p. 41.
2 Replaces Asio accipitrinus (Pallas), 1771, of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
3 K. H. Kelso in L. Kelso’s Key to Species of American Owls, 1934, p. 39,
proposes to apply Vieillot’s name to the bird formerly known as Asio flammeus
breviauris (Schlegel), 1863. Strix suinda had hitherto been used for a South
American wood owl of the genus Ciccaba, but after reading Azara’s account
of El Suind4, the sole basis of Vieillot’s name, I am convinced that Mrs. Kelso
is entirely correct in her conception of the identity of this bird and that suinda
must replace breviauris.
170 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
South America from southern Peru, southern Bolivia and southern
Brazil, southward; Mas a Tierra Island.
Asio flammeus sanfordi Bangs
Asio flammeus sanfordi Bangs, Proc. New England Zoél. Cl., 6, 1919,
p. 97. (Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands.)
Falkland Islands.
Asio flammeus sandwichensis (Bloxham)
Strix Sandwichensis Bloxham, Voy. ‘Blonde,’ 1826, p. 250. (Hawaiian
Islands.)
Hawaiian Islands.
Asio flammeus ponapensis Mayr
Asio flammeus ponapensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 609, 1933, p. 1.
(Ponapé Island, Caroline Islands.)
Confined to the Island of Ponapé, Caroline Islands.
Asio flammeus domingensis (P. L. S. Miiller)
Strix domingensis P. L. S. Miiller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 70.
(Hispaniola.)
Confined to the Island of Hispaniola, Greater Antilles.
Asio flammeus portoricensis Ridgway
Asio portoricensis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 4, 1882, p. 366.
(North side of Puerto Rico.)
Confined to the Island of Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles.
Asio flammeus galapagoensis (Gould)
Otus (Brachyotus) galapagoensis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837,
p. 10. (No locality = Galapagos Archipelago.)
Galapagos Archipelago.
Asio capensis tingitanus (Loche) -
Phasmoptynz Capensis A tingitanus Loche, Expl. Scient. Algérie, Ois., 1,
1867, p. 99. (Harrach-Bache, near Algiers.)
Asio nisuella subsp. maroccanus Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 660.
(Morocco.)
Northern and central Morocco and northern Algeria; recorded from Lake
Chad, Bahr el Ghazal and the Sudan; occasional in southern Spain in
autumn.
Asio capensis capensis (A. Smith)
Otus Capensis A. Smith, South Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), no. 4, 1834,
p. 316. (South Africa.) Not Scops (now Otus) capensis A. Smith,
t.c., p. 314 = Otus senegalensis Shaw.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE FA
Strix (Brachyotus) helvola Lichtenstein, Verz. Samml. Saugeth. und
Vog. Kaffernl., 1842, p. 11. (Liqua River in northeastern Cape
Colony.)
Asio tingitanus andrewsmitht W. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922,
p. 24. (New name for Otus capensis A. Smith, supposedly not
available.)
Africa south of the equatorial forest north to Angola, southeastern
Belgian Congo, and Kenya Colony.
Asio capensis hova Stresemann
Otus capensis major Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1873, Rev. Ois. de
proie, p. 3. (Bombetok Bay, Madagascar.) Not Otus major C. L.
Brehm.
Asio helvola hova Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 30, 1922, p. 64. New
name to replace Otus major Schlegel, preoccupied.
Madagascar.
GreNnus PSEUDOSCOPS Kavup
Pseudoscops Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 769. Type, by monotypy,
Ephialtes grammicus Gosse.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 674-675.
Pseudoscops grammicus (Gosse)
Ephialtes grammicus Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 19 and note (Tait-
Shafton, Jamaica.)
Confined to the Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles.
Genus NESASIO PEtTErs
Nesasio Peters, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 82. Type, by
original designation, Pseudoptynx solomonensis Hartert.
cf. Peters, tom. cit., p. 81-83.
Nesasio solomonensis (Hartert)
Pseudoptynz sclomonensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 25.
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.)
Known only from the islands of Bougainville, Choiseul and Ysabel of
the Solomon Islands.
Genus AEGOLIUS Kauvp
Aegolius Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw., 1829, p. 34. Type,
by monotypy, Strix tengmalmi Gmelin = Strix funereus Linné, 1758.1
1 Nyctala Brehm, 1828, is a nomen nudum.
172 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Cryptoglauz Richmond, Auk, 18, 1901, p. 193. New name for Nyctala
Brehm, 1828, not Nyctalus Bowdich, 1825, Mammalia. Type, by
original designation, Strix tengmalmi Gmelin.
Microscops Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 10. Type, by mo-
notypy and original designation, Strix acadica Gmelin.
cf. Démentiev, Trav. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sci. Leningrad, 2, 1934, p. 41-49.
(In Russian.)
Id., Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 52-56.
Hartert, Vé6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 995-999.
Hartert and Steinbacher, op. cit., Erginzungsb., Heft 5, 1936, p. 389.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 624-634.
Aegolius funereus funereus (Linné)
Strix funerea Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe =
Sweden.) !
Cryptoglaux tengmalmi transvolgensis Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910,
p. 11. (Governments of Kazan, Perm and Orenburg.)
Northern and central Europe and western Siberia, north to lat. 68° N.
on the Scandinavian Peninsula, to Arkhangelsk, 59° in the Urals, 61°
in the region of the Ob, south in the mountain forests to the Pyrenees,
Alps, Balkan Peninsula, Kazan, Simbirsk, Ufa and Bachkirie; exact
eastern limits not determined.
Aegolius funereus caucasicus (Buturlin)
Nyctala caucasica Buturlin, Psov. 1 Ruzh. Okhota, Mar., 1907, p. 87.
(Kislovodsk, Caucasus.) Id., Orn. Monatsb., 15, May, 1907, p. 82.
Northern Caucasus.
Aegolius funereus sibiricus (Buturlin)
Cryptoglaux tengmalmi sibirica Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 11.
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.)
Southern and middle Siberia from Tobolsk, Krasnoyarsk, southwestern
Transbaikalia and northern Manchuria, south to Dzungaria, mountains
of northern Mongolia and Ussuriland; Island of Sakhalin; recorded from
the Kurile Islands and Hokkaido.
Aegolius funereus pallens (Schalow)
Nyctale tengmalmi pallens Schalow, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 109.
(Xachka Su, central Tian Shan.)
Forested parts of Ferghana, the Tian Shan and Tarbagatai.
Aegolius funereus jakutorum (Buturlin)
Nyctala jakutorum Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 287. (Jakutsk
subprovince.)
1 Replaces Strix tengmalmi Gmelin, 1788; cf. Lonnberg, Festskr. Uppsala
Univ. minnef., 1930, p. 245.
FAMILY STRIGIDAE 173
The Yakut country of Siberia between the lower Olekma and the
Verkhoyansk Mountains, south to northern Transbaikalia.
Aegolius funereus beickianus Stresemann
Aegolius tengmalmi beickianus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928,
p. 41. (Lang-tang-shu, South Tetung Range, Kansu.)
Northern Kansu.
Aegolius funereus magnus (Buturlin)
Nyctala magna Buturlin, Psov. i Ruzh. Okhota, Mar., 1907, p. 87.
(Kamchatka and the Kolyma region.) Id., Orn. Monatsb., 15, May,
1907, p. 80. (Type from the Kolyma River at lat. 68° 41’ N.)
Forested parts of northeastern Siberia from lat. 68°30’ N. on the
Kolyma, to Kamchatka.
Aegolius funereus richardsoni (Bonaparte)
Nyctale Richardsoni Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, p. 7.
New name for Strix tengmalmi Audubon, not of Gmelin, Bds. Am.,
folio ed., pl. 380. (Bangor, Maine.)
Forested parts of northern North America from central Alaska, northern
Yukon, Mackenzie, northern Manitoba and Quebec, south to northern
British Columbia, northern Alberta, Manitoba, Gulf of St. Lawrence and
Nova Scotia. South casually in winter to southern Canada and the
northern United States.
Aegolius acadicus acadicus (Gmelin)
Strix acadica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 296. (North America,
= Nova Scotia, ex Latham.)
Nyctala acadica scotea Osgood, No. Am. Fauna, no. 21, 1901, p. 48.
(Masset, Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Islands.)
Breeds from southern Alaska, central British Columbia, Alberta,
Manitoba, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia south to California,
Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, northern Illinois, West Virginia and
New England; also in the mountains of Mexico, south to Vera Cruz.
Winters southward to southern California, Louisiana and Virginia.
Aegolius acadicus brooksi (Fleming)
Cryptoglaux acadica brookst Fleming, Auk, 33, 1916, p. 422. (Graham
Island, Queen Charlotte Islands.)
Resident on the Queen Charlotte Islands.
Aegolius ridgwayi rostratus (Griscom)
Cryptoglaux rostrata Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 4388, 1930, p. 1.
(Sacapulas, 4500 feet, Rio Negro Valley, Guatemala.)
Known only from the unique type; a specimen doubtless referable to
this form and believed to have come from Quetzaltenango, formerly
existed in the old museum at Guatemala City.
174 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Aegolius ridgwayi ridgwayi (Alfaro)
Cryptoglaux ridgwayt Alfaro, Proc. Biol Soc. Wash., 18, 1905, p. 217.
(Cerro de la Candelaria, near Escasu, Costa Rica.)
Known only from the unique type.
Aegolius harrisii harrisii (Cassin)
Nyctale Harristi Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1849, p. 157.
(South America. )?
Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela.
Aegolius harrisii iheringi (Sharpe)
Gisella theringt Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1899, p. 40. (Sao Paulo,
Brazil.)
Southeastern Brazil in states of Sao Paulo, Santa Catharina and Rio
Grande do Sul (probably also Parand); Paraguay; northern Argentina in
states of Misiones, Tucumdn * and Jujuy.
ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES
SUBORDER STEATORNITHES
FamMity STEATORNITHIDAE
Genus STEATORNIS Humsoupt
Steatornis Humboldt, in Humboldt and Bonpland, Voy. Intér. Am., 1,
1814, p. 416.4. Type, by monotypy, “Guacharo” = Steatornis caripensis
Humboldt, 1817.
cf. Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 653-654.
Steatornis caripensis Humboldt
Steatornis caripensis Humboldt, Bull des Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1817,
p. 52. (Caverns of Caripe, Cuman4, Venezuela.)
Locally distributed in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela and the
Guianas; Island of Trinidad.
1 A. rostrata and A. ridgwayt are certainly conspecific, in fact it is quite
probable that they are conspecific with acadicus. Until it is definitely known
that they have an adult plumage similar to that of acadicus I prefer to main-
tain them as a specific entity.
2 See note under Gisella, p. 127.
3 Dabbene, Hornero, 3, 1926, p. 395, records several specimens from Tucu-
m4n that do not agree with either harrisit or iheringi and which he believes
represent yet another form.
4 Hartert cites this name as of Bull. Soc. Philom., Paris (3), 17, 1810, p. 295,
but the earliest reference given by Sherborn and in the Preussischen Akademie
Nomenclator animalium is the one cited here.
FAMILY PODARGIDAE 175
SuBORDER CAPRIMULGI
Famity PODARGIDAE
Genus PODARGUS VieILuot !
Podargus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 27, 1818, p. 151. Type, by
monotypy, Podargus griseus Vieillot = Caprimulgus _ strigoides
Latham.
Micropodargus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 57. Type, by
original designation, Podargus marmoratus Gould.
Megapodargus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 62. New name
for Cyphorhina Lesson 1843, supposedly preoccupied by Cyphirhinus
Schoenherr 1826, Insecta. Type, by original designation, Podargus
papuensis Quoy and Gaimard.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 2-4.
Id., Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 157 (forms of ocellatus).
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 4-50.
Podargus strigoides phalaenoides Gould
Podargus phalenoides Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839 (1840),
p. 142. (Northwest coast of Australia.)
Podargus strigoides mungi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 283,
no. 525. (Mungi, North-West Australia.)
Podargus strigoides dendyi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 283,
no. 526. (Derby, North-West Australia.)
Podargus strigoides melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912,
p. 38. (Melville Island.)
North-West Australia and Northern Territory from Derby to Groote
Eylandt; Melville Island.
Podargus strigoides gouldi Masters
Podargus Gouldi Masters, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 1, 1875,
p. 45. (Gulf of Carpentaria.)
Podargus strigoides capensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 385.
(Jardine Creek, Cape York.)
From Borroloola, Northern Territory, east and north in the Cape
York Peninsula.
Podargus strigoides cornwalli Mathews
Podargus strigoides cornwalli Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282.
(Mackay, Queensland.)
Eastern Queensland from north of Cooktown to south of Mackay.
1 The arrangement of the Australian forms of this genus is that recommended
by Mr. George Mack, in litt.
176 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Podargus strigoides brachypterus Gould
Podargus brachypterus or macrorhynchus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London,
1840 (1841), p. 163. (Swan River, West Australia.)!
Podargus strigoides rossi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282. (South
Australia.)
?Podargus strigoides centralia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 34.
(Apperinna Bore, Central Australia.)
Mallee country of northwestern Victoria west to similar country in
inland South-West Australia.
Podargus strigoides strigoides (Latham)
Caprimulgus strigoides Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lviii.
(New Holland, = Sidney, New South Wales, apud Mathews.)
?Podargus plumiferus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845 (1846),
p. 104. (Brushes of the Clarence and MacLeay rivers, New South
Wales.)
Southeastern Queensland to south of Sidney, New South Wales.
Podargus strigoides victoriae Mathews
Podargus strigoides victoriae Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282.
(Victoria, type from Bayswater.)
South of Sydney, New South Wales, south and west to the vicinity of
Adelaide, South Australia.
Podargus strigoides cuvieri Vigors and Horsfield
Podargus Cuviert Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15,
pt. 1, 1826, p. 200. (Tasmania.)
Tasmania.
Podargus papuensis Quoy and Gaimard
Podargus papuensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1,
1830, p. 207; Atlas, Ois., pl. 18. (Dorey [i.e. Manokwari] Harbor,
New Guinea.)
Podargus papuensis baileyi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281,
no. 516. (Cairns, Queensland.)
Podargus papuensis conigravt Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281.
(Waigeu.)
Podargus papuensis rogerst Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281,
no. 516 A. (Cape York.)
Podargus papuensis pumilus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927,
p. 87. (Merauke, New Guinea.)
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Salawati, Misol; islands in Geel-
vink Bay: Numfor, Jobi; New Guinea; Aru Islands; Cape York Peninsula.
1Jn t.c., corrigenda, p. 188 appears the statement ‘‘p. 163, erase the words
brachypterus or,” indicating Gould’s preference for the name macrorhynchus.
FAMILY PODARGIDAE 177
Podargus ocellatus ocellatus Quoy and Gaimard
Podargus ocellatus Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830,
p. 208; Atlas, Ois., pl. 14. (Dorey [t.e. Manokwari] Harbor, New
Guinea.)
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Salawati, Misol; islands in Geelvink
Bay: Jobi, Mios Nom; New Guinea; Aru Islands.
Podargus ocellatus marmoratus Gould
Podargus marmoratus Gould, Bds. Austr., Suppl., pt. 2, 1855, pl. [8].
(Cape York Peninsula.)
Cyphorina plumifera neglecta Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, p. 57.
(Southern Queensland.) !
Cape York Peninsula.
Podargus ocellatus intermedius Hartert
Podargus intermedius Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. x.
(Kirivina, Trobriand Islands.)
Trobriand Islands, Fergusson Island, and Goodenough Island.
Podargus ocellatus meeki Hartert
Podargus meeki Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. 8. (Sudest
Island.)
Tagula (or Sudest) Island in the Louisiade Group.
Podargus ocellatus inexpectatus Hartert
Podargus inexpectatus Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 24.
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Choiseul and Ysabel.
GEeNus BATRACHOSTOMUS Govu.Lp
Batrachostomus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [17] and text. Type,
by monotypy, Podargus auritus J. E. Gray.
cf. Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 304-329. (Monogr.)
Batrachostomus auritus (J. E. Gray)
Podargus Auritus ‘‘Vigors and Horsfield” J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s
Anim. Kingd., 7, 1829, p. 114 and pl. (No locality = Sumatra.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Bunguran Island.
Batrachostomus harterti Sharpe
Batrachostomus harterti Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 323. (Mt. Dulit, Borneo.)
Confined to the mountains of central Borneo.
1 Mr. George Mack (in litt.) suggests that the type may have come originally
from New Guinea or the Cape York Peninsula.
178 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Batrachostomus septimus microrhynchus Ogilvie-Grant
Batrachostomus macrorhynchus Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4,
1895, p. 41. (Mountains of Luzon = Mt. Data, 7500 feet, ex Ibis,
1899, p. 384.)
Philippine Islands: northern Luzon up to elevations of 7500 feet.
Batrachostomus septimus menagei Bourns and Worcester
Batrachostomus menagei Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota
Acad. Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 11. (Philippine Islands; no exact locality.)
Philippine Islands: Panay and Negros.
Batrachostomus septimus septimus Tweeddale
Batrachostomus septimus Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877,
p. 542. (Pasanaca, near Zamboanga, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Mindanao (up to 8000 feet) and Basilan.
Batrachostomus stellatus (Gould)
Podargus Stellatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 48. (Java,
error = Malacca.)
Malay Peninsula (including Peninsular Siam); Singapore, Sumatra,
Rhio Archipelago, Lingga Islands, Banka, Borneo, Great Natuna Island.
Batrachostomus moniliger Blyth
Batrachostomus moniliger ‘“Layard” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18,
1846, p. 806. (Ceylon.)
Southwestern India from northern Kanara southward; Ceylon.
Batrachostomus hodgsoni hodgsoni (G. R. Gray)
Otothrix hodgsoni G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1859, p. 101,
pl. CLII, Aves. (Northern India = Darjeeling.)
Sikkim east to Assam, south to the hills of northern Burma and
Karenni (?).
Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann
Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus.
Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 320. (Dak-To, 1400 met., Annam.)
Hills of the Southern Shan States, Laos and Annam.
Batrachostomus (poliolophus?) poliolophus Hartert
Batrachostomus poliolophus Hartert, Notes Leyden Mus., 14, Apr.,
1892, p. 63. (Padang, Sumatra.)
Mountains of Sumatra.
Batrachostomus (poliolophus?) mixtus Sharpe
Batrachostomus mizxtus Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, Nov., 1892, p. 4.
(Mt. Dulit, Borneo.)
Mountains of Borneo.
FAMILY NYCTIBIIDAE 179
Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann
Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus.
Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 327. (Toungyeen, Tenasserim.)
Tenasserim (also lower Burma?), Peninsular Siam south to lat. 10° N.,
southeastern Siam.
Batrachostomus javensis javensis (Horsfield)
Podargus Javensis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 141. (Java.)
Western and central Java below 1600 metres.
Batrachostomus javensis cornutus (Temminck)
Podargus cornutus ‘Horsf.’ Temminck, PI. col., livr. 27, 1822, pl. 159.
(Benkulen, Sumatra.)
Sumatra, Banka, Billiton and Borneo.
Batrachostomus javensis chaseni Stresemann
Batrachostomus javensis chaseni Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,
22, 1937, p. 326. (Taguso, Palawan.)
Banguey Island and Palawan.
Batrachostomus affinis Blyth
Batrachostomus affinis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 2, 1847,
p. 1180. (Malaya.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago and Borneo.
Famity NYCTIBIIDAE
Genus NYCTIBIUS VI£ILLot
Nyctibius Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 38. Type, by monotypy, Grand
Engoulevent de Cayenne, Buffon, = Caprimulgus grandis Gmelin.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 15-17.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 583-594.
Nyctibius grandis (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus grandis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029.
(Cayenne.)
Tropical Central and South America from the Panama Canal Zone to
Peru, Matto Grosso, SAo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro.
Nyctibius aethereus chocoensis Chapman
Nyctibius longicaudatus chocoensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 18,
1921, p. 5. (Novitd, 400 feet, Rio San Juan, Chocé, Colombia.)
Western Colombia.
180 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Nyctibius aethereus longicaudatus (Spix)
Caprimulgus longicaudatus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 1, pl. 1. (Rio
Japura, Brazil.)
Range imperfectly known, but recorded from eastern Ecuador, eastern
Peru, Amazonian Brazil and British Guiana.!
Nyctibius aethereus aethereus (Wied)
Caprimulgus xthereus Wied, Reise Bras., 1, 1820, p. 236, note. (Rio
Mucuri [Macuré], Bahia.)
Southeastern Brazil in states of Bahia, Minas Geraés, Rio de Janeiro,
Sao Paulo and Parand; Paraguay; recorded also from Mexiana Island
and eastern Pard.
Nyctibius griseus mexicanus Nelson
Nyctibius jamaicensis mexicanus Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 260. (Metlal-
toyuca, Puebla, Mexico.)
Southern Mexico in states of Sinaloa, Mexico, Puebla, Vera Cruz and
Tabasco; Guatemala; Honduras; Ruatan Island.
Nyctibius griseus costaricensis Ridgway
Nyctibius griseus costaricensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25,
1912, p. 91. (Sarchi, Alajuela, Costa Rica.)
Nicaragua to extreme western Panama.
?Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway
Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25,
1912, p. 91. (Natd, Coclé, Panama.)
Panama from Veraguas southward through western South America to
Peru. Doubtfully distinct from N. g. cornutus.
Nyctibius griseus cornutus (Vieillot)
Caprimulgus cornutus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 245.
(Paraguay.)
Brazil south of the Amazon, south to southeastern Bolivia, the Argentine
Chaco, Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul.
Nyctibius griseus griseus (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus griseus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029, no. 5.
(Cayenne. )
Island of Trinidad, the Guianas, Brazil north of the Amazon, ex-
tending into northern Maranh4o.
1 Snethlage records longicaudatus from the Rio Capim and Hellmayr lists
aethereus from Mexiana Island; if both these identifications are correct then
aethereus and longicaudatus cannot be conspecific unless they are migratory.
FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE 181
Nyctibius griseus jamaicensis (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus jamaicensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029,
no. 6. (Jamaica.)
Nyctibtus jamaicensis (typicus) (Gm.) Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lief. 1,
Aves, 1897, p. 16, part.
Island of Jamaica.
Nyctibius griseus abbotti Richmond
Nyctibius griseus abbottt Richmond, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 68, 1917, no.
7, p. 1. (Port-a-Piment, Haiti.)
Hispaniola and Gonave Island.
Nyctibius leucopterus maculosus Ridgway
Nyctibius maculosus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 92.
(Ambato, Ecuador.) !
Eastern Colombia and eastern Ecuador.
Nyctibius leucopterus leucopterus (Wied)
Caprimulgus leucopterus Wied, Reise Bras., 2, 1821, p. 227, note. (For-
ests in the vicinity of Conquista, Bahia.)
Coastal region of eastern Brazil.
Nyctibius bracteatus Gould
Nyctibius bracteatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 1.
(Bogota, Colombia.)
Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; British Guiana.
Famity AEGOTHELIDAE
Genus AEGOTHELES Vicors anp HorsFIELD
Aigotheles Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, pt. 1,
1826, p. 194. Type, by monotypy, Caprimulgus novaehollandiae
Latham = Caprimulgus cristatus White.?
Euzgotheles Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 52. Type, by original
designation, Batrachostomus psilopterus Gray = Batrachostomus crini-
frons Bonaparte.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 9-13.
1 According to Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 273, it
is improbable that the type came from Ambato which is in the arid temperate
zone of the interandine tableland, but it is highly probable that it came from
the region near Bafios in eastern Ecuador.
2 The gender of Aegotheles is masculine.
182 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Aegotheles crinifrons (Bonaparte)
Batrachostomus crinifrons ‘“Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850,
p. 57. (No locality = Halmahera.)
Halmahera and Batjan.
Aegotheles insignis insignis Salvadori
Aegotheles insignis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 916.
(Hatam, Arfak, New Guinea.)
Mountains of the Vogelkop, Weyland Mountains and northern New
Guinea east to the Huon Peninsula.
Aegotheles insignis pulcher Hartert
Aigotheles pulcher Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. 8. (Mountains
of British New Guinea.)
Mountains of southeastern New Guinea.
Aegotheles cristatus major Mayr and Rand
Aegotheles cristatus major Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 814,
1935, p. 4. (Dogwa, southern New Guinea.)
Known only from the unique type.
Aegotheles cristatus leucogaster Gould
Aegotheles leucogaster Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 16, 1844, pl. 13. [= 2,
pl. 2 of bound vol.] (Port Essington, Northern Territory.)
Aigotheles rufescens Hall, Victorian Nat., 18, 1901, p. 60. (Derby, North
West Australia.) Not Aegotheles rufescens Salvadori, 1896.
Aigotheles rufa Hall, Victorian Nat., 18, 1901, p. 89. New name for Ae.
rufescens Hall, preoccupied.
Aigotheles cristata olivei Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 65. (Cairns,
Queensland.)
Aigotheles cristata melvillensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 67.
(Melville Island.)
Tropical northern Australia.
Aegotheles cristatus cristatus (J. White)
Caprimulgus cristatus J. White, Journ. Voy. New South Wales, 1790,
p. 241 and pl. (New South Wales.)
Aegotheles cristata murchisoniana Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 284.
(East Murchison, West Australia.)
Aigotheles cristata centralia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 67. (Steven-
son’s River, South Australia.)
Central and southern Australia.
FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE 183
Aegotheles cristatus tasmanicus Mathews
Aigotheles cristata tasmanica Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 65.
(Prospect, near Launceston, Tasmania.)
Tasmania.
Aegotheles savesi Layard and Layard
Aigotheles savesi E. L. and L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1881, p. 132, pl. 5.1
(Tongue, near Noumea, New Caledonia.)
New Caledonia. Known only from the unique type.
Aegotheles bennettii affinis Salvadori
Aegotheles affinis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 917.
(Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.)
Confined to the Vogelkop, northwestern New Guinea.
Aegotheles bennettii wiedenfeldi Laubmann
Aegotheles bennettt wiedenfeldi Laubmann, Orn. Monatsb., 22, 1914,
p. 7. (Sattelberg, New Guinea.)
Northern New Guinea from the Sepik River to Holnicote Bay.
Aegotheles bennettii bennettii Salvadori and D’Albertis
Aegotheles bennettii Salvadori and D’Albertis, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova,
7, 1875, p. 816. (Southeastern New Guinea.)
Lowlands of southeastern New Guinea.
Aegotheles bennettii plumiferus Ramsay
Aegotheles ? plumifera Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 8,
1883, p. 21. (Southeast New Guinea, error = Fergusson Island.)
Fergusson and Goodenough Islands.
Aegotheles wallacii wallacii G. R. Gray
Aigotheles wallacia G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 154.
(Dorey [now Manokwari] New Guinea.)
Lowlands of western New Guinea; recorded from Manokwari, Waitakwa
River, Eilanden River; Aru Islands.?
Aegotheles wallacii gigas Rothschild
Aegotheles wallacet gigas Rothschild, Nov. Zool., 36, 1931, p. 268.
(Mount Derimapa, Gebruders Range, New Guinea.)
Weyland Mountains, west-central New Guinea.
1 The plate is lettered Agotheles savesi.
2 The Aru Islands bird is perhaps recognizable; the name Caprimulgus
brachyurus Schlegel, 1866, is available for it if it is deemed worthy of recogni-
tion.
184 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Aegotheles albertisi albertisi Sclater
Aigotheles albertist Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873 (March, 1874),
p. 696. (Atam, Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.)
Aegothetes dubius A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-
naturwiss. Cl., 69, Abth. 1, 1874, p. 75. (Arfak Mts., 3550 feet, New
Guinea.)
Confined to the Vogelkop, northwestern New Guinea.
Aegotheles albertisi wondiwoi Mayr and Rand
Aegotheles albertist wondiwoi Mayr and Rand, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,
21, 1936, p. 242. (Wondiwoi, Wandammen Mountains, New Guinea.)
Known only from the unique type.
Aegotheles albertisi salvadorii Hartert
Aigotheles salvadorit Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 649.
(Astrolabe Mountains, New Guinea.)
Aegotheles rufescens Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 36, 1896, p. 71.
(Maroka, New Guinea.)
Mountains of central and southeastern New Guinea: Weyland Moun-
tains, Mount Goliath, Astrolabe Mountains, mountains on the Huon
Peninsula, Deva Deva, Mafulu, Mount Tafa, Murray Pass, Ononge,
Owen Stanley Mountains.
Famity CAPRIMULGIDAE
SuBFAMILY CHORDEILINAE
Genus LUROCALIS Cassin
Lurocalis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 5, 1851, p. 189. Type,
by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus natterert Temminck (G. R.
Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 12).
Urocolus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 3, 1860, p. 87. New
name for Lurocalis Cassin.
cf. Hartert, Das Terreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 22-23.
Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 379.
Lurocalis semitorquatus stonei Huber
Lurocalis stonei Huber, Auk, 40, 1923, p. 300. (Ten miles above the
mouth of the Rio Banbana, Nicaragua.)
Known only from the unique type.
Lurocalis semito.quatus noctivagus Griswold
Lurocalis semitorquatus noctivagus Griswold, Proc. New England Zodl.
Cl., 15, 1936, p. 101. (Salamanca Hydrographic Station, Rio Pequenf,
Panama.)
Known only from the unique type.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 185
Lurocalis semitorquatus semitorquatus (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus semitorquatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031.
(Cayenne.)
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and the upper Rio Negro
region in Brazil; Island of Trinidad.
Lurocalis semitorquatus nattereri (Temminck)
Caprimulgus nattereri Temminck, PI. col., livr. 18, 1822, pl. 107. (Brazil,
Ypanema, Sao Paulo, fixed as type locality by Hellmayr, antea.)
Brazil south of the Amazon from the Solimoés, Manaos and Paré4, south
to Matto Grosso, Parand and Rio Grande do Sul.
Lurocalis semitorquatus rufiventris Taczanowski
Lurocalis rufiventris Taczanowski, Orn. Pérou, 1, 1884, p. 209. (Tambillo,
Peru.)
Andes of eastern Colombia, Andes of Venezuela and Andes of Peru;
one record from Ecuador.
GENus CHORDEILES Swainson
Chordeiles Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson’s Fauna Bor.-Am., 2,
1831 (1832), p. 496. Type, by original designation, Caprimulgus
virginianus Gmelin = Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster.
Nannochordeiles Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 374. Type, by monotypy,
Chordeiles pusillus Gould.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 18-21 (incl. Nan-
nochordeiles).
Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. i-vii+ 123, 6 pl.
(Monogr.)
Chordeiles pusillus septentrionalis (Hellmayr)
Nannochordeiles pusillus septentrionalis Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 15,
1908, p. 78. (Maipures, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela.)
Eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and the Rio Branco region of north-
western Brazil.
Chordeiles pusillus pusillus Gould
Chordeiles ? pusillus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, p. 182.
(“Supposed to be from Bahia’’; the type is a Bahia trade skin.)
Interior of Brazil from Piauhy to central Bahia, western Minas Geraés,
Goyaz and Matto Grosso.
1 The very slight structural characters upon which this genus is based,
seem to be of specific rather than of generic value.
186 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Chordeiles rupestris xyostictus Oberholser
Chordeiles rupestris xyostictus Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no.
86, 1914, p. 23 (in key), p. 116. (Bogotdé, Colombia.)
Known only from the region about Bogota, Colombia.
Chordeiles rupestris rupestris (Spix)
Caprimulgus rupestris Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 2, pl. 2. (Rocky
islands in the Rio Negro, Brazil.)
Chordeiles rupestris zaleucus Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86,
1914, p. 23 (in key), p. 118. (Pebas, Peru.)
Amazonian region of eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and northeastern
Bolivia, eastward into Amazonian Brazil to the Rio Negro and the Rio
Tapajéz.}
Chordeiles acutipennis texensis Lawrence
Chordeiles texensis Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 6, Dec., 1856,
p) 167. (Texas; restricted to Ringgold Barracks, near Rio Grande
City, by Oberholser, antea, p. 104.)
Breeds in the southwestern United States and northern and central
Mexico from the interior valleys of California, southern Nevada, extreme
southwestern Utah, central Arizona, southwestern New Mexico and
southern Texas, south to northern Lower California, Nayarit, Zacatecas,
Guanajuato, Puebla, Mexico and western Vera Cruz. Winters from central
and southern Mexico southward over all of Central America to western
Colombia.
Chordeiles acutipennis inferior Oberholser
Chordeiles acutipennis inferior Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86,
1914, p. 24 (in key), p. 109. (Triunfo, Lower California.)
Breeds in Lower California from about lat. 30° N., southward. Winters
in extreme southern Lower California.
Chordeiles acutipennis micromeris Oberholser
Chordeiles acutipennis micromeris Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
no. 86, 1914, p. 24 (in key), p. 100 (Xbac, Yucatan).
Breeds in southern Mexico (northward on the Pacific coast to Jalisco)
and northern Central America, in states of Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan,
Oaxaca and Tabasco; Yucatan Peninsula; Mujeres Island; Guatemala;
British Honduras; Bay Islands (?). Winters in Costa Rica and Panama
east to the Canal Zone.
1 The species is attributed to Parad and Pernambuco apparently on the basis
of specimens 0 and p listed in the Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 618. Since
the bird has not been secured by the many collectors who have since operated
between the mouth of the Amazon and the Parnahyba, it may safely be
assumed that the specimens referred to are incorrectly labelled.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 187
Chordeiles acutipennis acutipennis (Hermann)
Caprimulgus acutipennis Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 230.
(Cayenne. )
The greater part of tropical South America, except areas on the west
coast occupied by the next races, south to Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo;
Margarita Island, islands of Trinidad and Tobago.
Chordeiles acutipennis aequatorialis Chapman
Chordeiles acutipennis xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no.
67, 1923, p. 1. (Duran, Prov. of Guayas, Ecuador.)
Tropical zone of western Ecuador.
Chordeiles acutipennis exilis (Lesson)
Caprimulgus exilis Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 44. (Chile, error =
Callao, Peru.)
Caprimulgus pruinosus ‘‘Lichtenst.” Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10,
1844, Bd. 1, p. 268. (Peru.)
Tropical zone of western Peru.
Chordeiles minor minor (J. R. Forster)
Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster, Cat. Anim. N. Am., 1771, p. 18. (No
locality = South Carolina ex Catesby.) !
Breeds over the greater part of Canada and the central and north-
eastern United States from southern Yukon, the lower Mackenzie Valley,
Alberta, Saskatchewan, west shore of Hudson Bay (Churchill), James
Bay, northern Ontario, Quebec and Newfoundland, south to Vancouver
Island, southwestern British Columbia, south-central Alberta, south-
central Saskatchewan, southern Manitoba, northwestern Arkansas,
southern Illinois, Tennessee and Virginia. Winters in South America
east of the Andes and south to northern Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba
and Buenos Aires).
Chordeiles minor hesperis Grinnell
Chordeiles virginianus hesperis Grinnell, Condor, 7, 1905, p. 170. (Bear
Lake, 6700 feet, San Bernadino Mountains, California.)
Breeds from Puget Sound, southeastern British Columbia, southern
Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, south to southern California,
central Nevada, northwestern Utah and western Montana. Recorded on
migration from southern Mexico and Nicaragua; winter range not known
but presumably in South America.
Chordeiles minor sennetti Coues
Chordiles popetue sennetti Coues, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 37. (50 miles west
of Pembina, Minn. and Wharton Co., Texas = Pembina Mountains,
North Dakota.)
1 Replaces Caprimulgus virginianus Gmelin, 1789; cf. Richmond, Auk, 34,
1917, p. 88-89.
188 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Breeds in eastern Montana, North Dakota and southwestern Minne-
sota, south to eastern Wyoming, northern Nebraska and northwestern
Iowa. Winter range unknown but presumably in South America.
Chordeiles minor howelli Oberholser
Chordeiles virginianus howellt Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86,
1914, p. 25 (in key), p. 57. (Lipscomb, Texas.)
Breeds in Wyoming (except eastern), southeastward across northeastern
Utah, Colorado (except southwestern), northeastern New Mexico, central
Nebraska, central Oklahoma and northern Texas. Winter range unknown
but presumably in South America.
Chordeiles minor henryi Cassin
Chordeiles Henryi Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Cal., Texas, etc., 1, 1855, p. 239.
(Fort Webster, New Mexico.)
Breeds in southwestern Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico (except north-
eastern), western Texas and adjacent parts of Sonora and Chihuahua.
Winter range unknown but presumably in South America.
Chordeiles minor aserriensis Cherrie
Chordeiles virginianus aserriensis Cherrie, Auk, 18, 1896, p. 1386. (Val-
ley of the Aserri River, San José, Costa Rica.)
Breeds in southeastern Texas and probably the adjacent part of Tamau-
lipas. Winter range unknown, presumably in South America.
Chordeiles minor chapmani Coues
Chordiles popetue chapmani Coues (ex Sennett MS.), Auk, 5, 1888,
p. 37. (Gainesville, Florida.)
Breeds in the Mississippi Valley north to southern Indiana, Alabama,
central Georgia and North Carolina, south to the Gulf Coast (west to
eastern Texas) and the Florida Peninsula. Winters in western Brazil
(Matto Grosso) and northern Argentina (provinces of Santiago del
Estero and Entre Rios).
Chordeiles minor vicinus Riley
Chordeiles virginianus vicinus Riley, Auk, 20, 1903, p. 432. (Long
Island, Bahama Islands.)
Breeds in the Bahama Islands. Winter range not known but presumably
in South America.
Chordeiles minor gundlachii Lawrence
Chordeiles gundlachit Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 6, 1856,
p. 165. (Cuba.) !
Breeds in the Greater Antilles: Cuba, Isle of Pines, Cayman Islands,
Jamaica, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico.
1 Replaces Chordeiles minor Cabanis, Jan., 1856, not Chordeiles minor
(Gmelin), 1789.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 189
Genus NYCTIPROGNE Bonaparte
Nyctiprogne Bonaparte, Riv. Contemp. Turin, 9, 1857, p. 215. Type,
by monotypy, Caprimulgus leucopygus Spix.!
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 21-22.
Nyctiprogne leucopyga (Spix)
Caprimulgus leucopygus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 3, pl. 3, f. 2.
(Wooded shores of the Amazon.)
Tropical South America from the Orinoco River eastward to Cayenne
and south through central Brazil (west to the Rio Madeira and east to the
Rio Parnahyba) to southwestern Matto Grosso.
GEeNus PODAGER WaGLER
Podager Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 277. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus diurnus Wied = Capri-
mulgus nacunda Vieillot.
cf. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, pt. 1, 1938, p. 233-234.
Podager nacunda minor Cory
Podager nacunda minor Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1,
1915, p. 300. (Béa Vista, Rio Branco, Brazil.)
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, British Guiana, Surinam and the Rio
Branco region of Brazil; islands of Trinidad and Tobago.
Podager nacunda nacunda (Vieillot)
Caprimulgus nacunda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 240.
(Paraguay.)
Eastern Peru, and Brazil south of the Amazon, east to Piauhy and
Bahia and southward through eastern Bolivia, Matto Grosso, Paraguay
and Uruguay to Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba and Buenos Aires) and
casually to Patagonia.
SUBFAMILY CAPRIMULGINAE
Genus EUROSTOPODUS Goutp?
Eurostopodus Gould, Syn. Bds. Austr., pt. 4, April, 1838, app., p. 1.
Type, by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus guttatus Vigors and
Horsfield. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 7.) Also described as a new
genus in Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837 (May), 1888, p. 142.
1 This name is a nomen nudum in Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. (4), 1, 1854, p. 139.
2 Includes Lyncornis Gould, Aug., 1838, and replaces Eurostopus ‘‘Gould”’
z.e. Sundevall of Sharpe’s Hand-list.
190 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 373-376.
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 23-26.
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 219-233.
Eurostopodus guttatus harterti Mathews
Eurostopodus argus hartertt Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 291.
(Northern Territory, type from Newery Station.)
Northwestern Australia, eastward to western Northern Territory and
southwestward to Shark Bay.
Eurostopodus guttatus guttatus (Vigors and Horsfield)
Caprimulgus guttatus Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soe. London,
15, pt. 1, 1826, p. 192. (Australia; restricted to Paramatta, New
South Wales by Mathews, antea 1918, p. 227.)
Caprimulgus argus ‘‘Rosenb.,’”’ Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1,
1880, p. 532. In synonymy of Eurostopus guttatus. Ex Rosenberg,
Reis naar Zuidoostereil., 1867, p. 37, where a nomen nudum. (Aru
Islands.)
Eurostopus argus Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 607 (in
key), p. 608. (‘‘Australia, Aru Islands and probably New Ireland.’’)
Eastern Australia; Aru Islands(?); New Ireland(?).
Eurostopodus albo-gularis albo-gularis (Vigors and Horsfield)
Caprimulgus albo-gularis Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lon-
don, 15, pt. 1, Feb., 1826, p. 194. (‘‘New Holland” = New South
Wales.)
Caprimulgus mystacalis Temminck, PI. col., livr. 69, Oct., 1826, pl. 410.
(New Holland = New South Wales.)
Eurostopodus mystacalis victorie Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916,
p. 58. (Victoria.)
Eastern Australia; New Guinea, where recorded only in winter.
Eurostopodus albo-gularis nigripennis Ramsay
Eurystopodus nigripennis Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales,
6, 1881, p. 843. (One of the Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Rendova, Kulambangra, Rubiana.
Eurostopodus diabolicus Stresemann
Eurostopodus diabolicus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 103.
(Kumasot, 250 métres, base of Kalabat Volcano, Celebes.)
Known only from the type locality in northern Celebes.
Eurostopodus papuensis (Schlegel)
Caprimulgus papuensis Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866,
p. 340. (Salawati and the opposite coast of New Guinea.)
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 191
Eurystopodus Astrolabe Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales,
8, 1883, p. 20. (Astrolabe Mountains, New Guinea.)
Lyncornis elegans Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 130. (Ramu
River, New Guinea.) !
Island of Salawati and lowlands of New Guinea.
Eurostopodus archboldi (Mayr and Rand)
Lyncornis archboldi Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 814, 1935,
p. 4. (West slope of Mount Tafa at 2400 metres, New Guinea.)
Col. pl., Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 73, art. 1, 1937, pl. 1.
Known only from three specimens from the type locality.
Eurostopodus temminckii (Gould)
Lyncornis Temminckii Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [16] and text.
(Borneo.)
Lyncornis collaris Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, text to pl. [16].
Alternate name for temminckit.
[Lyncornis] imberbis Temminck MS. Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838,
text to pl. [16]. Alternate name for temminckit.
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Banka and Borneo.
Eurostopodus macrotis cerviniceps (Gould)
Lyncornis cerviniceps Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [14] and text.
(“Said to be a native of China or the adjacent islands” = Trang,
Peninsular Siam, by designation of Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat.
Hist. Soc. Siam, 5, 1923, p. 140.)
Assam south of the Brahmaputra eastward into southern Yunnan and
south to Burma, the Malay Peninsula to Penang, southeastern Siam and
Cochinchina.
Eurostopodus macrotis bourdilloni (Hume)
Lyncornis Bourdilloni Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875,
p. 302. (Kalland, Khauni, Travancore.)
Confined to Travancore.
Eurostopodus macrotis macrotis (Vigors)
Caprimulgus macrotis Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1830-
1831 (1831), p. 97. (Manila.) ?
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao, Basilan.
1 For remarks on type of elegans, cf. Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth.
A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 31, note, and Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1937, p. 7-8.
2 Lyncornis mindanensis Tweeddale, 1878, is a synonym; cf. McGregor,
Man. Phil. Bds., 1909, p. 342-344.
192 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Eurostopodus macrotis jacobsoni (Junge)
Lyncornis macrotis jacobsoni Junge, Temminckia, 1, 1936, p. 39, pl. 2.
(Sinabang, Simalur Island.)
Confined to Simalur Island.
Eurostopodus macrotis macropterus (Bonaparte)
Lyncornis macropterus ‘“Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 62.
(Celebes.)
Celebes.
Genus VELES Banes
Veles Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 6, 1918, p. 92. Type, by
original designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus binotatus Bonaparte.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 167-168. (Caprimulgus
binotatus.)
Veles binotatus (Bonaparte)
Caprimulgus binotatus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 60. (Borneo,
error = Ashanti, type! from Dabocrom, Gold Coast fide Hartlaub,
Orn. Westafr., p. 22.)
Gold Coast Colony (where known only from the type) and forests of
southern Cameroon.
Genus NYCTIDROMUS Govu.tp
Nyctidromus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [12] and text. Type,
by monotypy, Nyctidromus derbyanus Gould.
cf. Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929, p. 6-10.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 535-547.
Nyctidromus albicollis insularis Nelson
Nyctidromus albicollis insularis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, 1898,
p. 9. (Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Islands.)
Tres Marias Islands.
Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli Sennett
Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli Sennett, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 44. (Nueces
River, Nueces County, Texas.)
Lower Rio Grande Valley and the southern Gulf Coast of Texas south-
ward to central Tamaulipas. Winters to Vera Cruz and Puebla.
1 Bonaparte inadvertently transposed the type localities of C. concretus
and C. binotatus, both described on the same page. For the former he gave
Ashanti and for the latter Borneo when he should have done the reverse.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 193
Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis Nelson
Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14,
1901, p. 171. (Tunkas, Yucatan.)
Nyctidromus albicollis nelsoni Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25,
1912, p. 90. (Colima, Colima.)
Nyctidromus albicollis sumichrastt Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.,
25, 1912, p. 91. (Teapa, Tabasco.)
Tropical Mexico from Sinaloa on the west and southern Tamaulipas on
the east southward (including the Yucatan Peninsula) to Chiapas, central
Guatemala and British Honduras; Mujeres and Cozumel Islands.
Nyctidromus albicollis albicollis (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus albicollis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1030.
(Cayenne.)
Nyctidromus albicollis obscurus Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.,
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 301. (Yurimaguas, Peru.)
Nyctidromus albicollis intercedens Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379,
1929, p. 8. (Tela, Honduras.)
Tropical Central and South America from western Guatemala and
Honduras southward to Peru, southern tributaries of the Amazon, Maran-
hao, Bahia and Espirito Santo; Island of Trinidad.
Nyctidromus albicollis gilvus Bangs
Nyctidromus albicollis gilvuus Bangs, Proc. New England Zoél. Cl., 3,
1902, p. 82. (Santa Marta, Colombia.)
Littoral of northern Colombia from the Rio Sinu to the Santa Marta
region, perhaps extending up the Magdalena Valley.
Nyctidromus albicollis derbyanus Gould
Nyctidromus Derbyanus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [12] and
text. (South America; Ipanema, Sao Paulo suggested as type locality
by Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 19, 1935, p. 133.)
Matto Grosso, Goyaz, western Minas Geraés and Sao Paulo, south-
ward (through eastern Bolivia) to Paraguay, Entre Rios and Rio Grande
do Sul.
GeENus PHALAENOPTILUS Ripeway
Phalznoptilus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 3, 1880, p. 5. Type, by
original designation, Caprimulgus nuttallit Audubon.
cf. A. O. U. Check-List No. Am. Bds., ed. 4, 1931, p. 174-175.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 547-553.
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii nuttallii (Audubon)
Caprimulgus Nuttallit Audubon, Bds. Am., octavo ed., 7, 1844, p. 350,
pl. 495. (Eastern side of the Upper Missouri, 7.e. between Fort
Pierre and mouth of the Cheyenne River, South Dakota.)
194 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Phalenoptilus nuttalli nitidus Brewster, Auk, 4, 1887, p. 147. (Nueces
River, Texas.)
Phalaenoptilus nuttallit nyctophilus Oberholser, Sci. Publ. Cleveland
Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, 1932, p. 2. (Hart Mountain, northern end of
Warner Valley, 20 miles northeast of Adel, Oregon.)
Breeds in the transition and upper austral zones from southeastern
British Columbia and northwestern North Dakota west to the eastern
base of the Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada, east to southeastern
South Dakota, western Iowa, eastern Kansas and central Texas, and
south to Sonora, Chihuahua and Coahuila. Winters from southeastern
California and southern Texas to central Mexico.
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii californicus Ridgway
Phalenoptilus nuttalli californicus Ridgway, Man. No. Am. Bds., 1887,
p. 588, note. (Nicasio and Calaveras County, California.)
California west of the Sierra Nevada and the Mohave and Colorado
deserts from the head of the Sacramento Valley, south to northwestern
Lower California.
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii hueyi Dickey
Phalaenoptilus nuttallit hueyi Dickey, Condor, 30, 1928, p. 152. (Bard,
Imperial County, California.)
Lower Colorado Valley in southeastern California, southwestern Arizona
and northeastern Lower California.
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii dickeyi Grinnell
Phalaenoptilus nuttallit dickeyi Grinnell, Condor, 30, 1928, p. 153.
(San Ignacio, lat. 27° N., Lower California.)
Lower California south of lat. 30° N.
Genus SIPHONORHIS ScuiatTer
Siphonorhis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, p. 77. Type, by
original designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus americanus Linné.
Microsiphonorhis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 37, 1917,
p. 329. Type, by monotypy and original designation, Microsi-
phonorhis brewsteri Chapman.
cf. Bond, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 471-474.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 495-497.
Siphonorhis americanus americanus (Linné)
Caprimulgus americanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198.
(‘America Calidiore’”’ = Jamaica.)
Confined to the Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles; now supposed to
be extinct.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 195
Siphonorhis americanus brewsteri (Chapman)
Microsiphonorhis brewstert Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 37,
1917, p. 8329. (Tubano, Province of Azua, Dominican Republic.)
Islands of Gonave and Hispaniola, Greater Antilles.
Genus OTOPHANES BreEwstTER
Otophanes Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. Type, by original designation
and monotypy, Otophanes mcleodii Brewster.
Nyctagreus Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, 1901, p. 171. Type, by
original designation, Caprimulgus yucatanicus Hartert.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 553-559.
Otophanes mcleodii Brewster
Otophanes mcleodii Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. (Sierra Madre of
Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico.)
Western Mexico in states of Chihuahua and Jalisco.
Otophanes yucatanicus (Hartert)
Caprimulgus yucatanicus Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892,
p. 525 (in key), p. 575. (Tizimin, Yucatan.)
Southeastern Mexico in states of Yucatan and Campeche; northern
Guatemala in Department of Petén.
Genus NYCTIPHRYNUS Bonaparte ?
Nyctiphrynus Bonaparte, Riv. Contemp., 9, 1857, p. 215. Type, by
subsequent designation, Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi. (Oberholser,
Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. 8, note 5.)
Ptilonycterus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type,
by original designation, Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 39-40. (Caprimulgus,
spp. 1 and 2.)
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus lautus Miller and Griscom
Nyctiphrynus lautus Miller and Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 159,
1925, p. 1. (Pefia Blanca, northeastern Nicaragua.)
Known only from the unique type.
1 T cannot find on what authority Sharpe’s Hand-list, 2, p. 83 gives the range
as ‘Sonora to Jalapa,” though it is probable that Jalapa is a lapsus for Jalisco.
2 This genus is very close to Otophanes and differs principally in the greater
amount of feathering on the anterior surface of the tarsus, which instead of
being feathered only at the tibio-tarsal joint is feathered more than half way
down the front; auricular tufts present, but not elongated or their feathers
pointed.
196 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus rosenbergi (Hartert)
Caprimulgus rosenbergi Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. x [bis].
(Rio Dagua, Colombia.)
Western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus ocellatus (Tschudi)
Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, p. 268.
(Peru.)
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus brunnescens Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zo6l., 81, 1937, p. 422. (Fazenda Santa Maria, Rio Gongogy,
Bahia.) !
Eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador and the greater part of tropical Brazil;
Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones).
Genus CAPRIMULGUS Linnzé ?
Caprimulgus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198. Type, by
tautonymy, Caprimulgus europaeus Linné (Caprimulgus, pre-binomial
specific name in synonymy).
Systellura Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 97. Type, by
original designation, Stenopsis ruficervix Sclater.
Antiurus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by
original designation, Stenopsis maculicaudus Lawrence.
Setopagis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by
original designation, Caprimulgus parvulus Gould.
Nyctipolus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by
original designation, Caprimulgus nigrescens Cabanis.
Setochalcis Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. 11. Type,
by original designation, Caprimulgus vociferus Wilson.
Thermochalcis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 180.
New name to replace Stenopsis Cassin, 1851. Not Stenopsis Rafin-
esque, 1815 (Coleoptera). Type, by original designation, Caprimulgus
cayennensis Gmelin.
Rossornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 234. Type, by original
designation, Caprimulgus macrurus Horsfield.
Eximiornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 235. Type, by original
designation, Caprimulgus eximius Temminck.
Nycticircus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by
monotypy, Caprimulgus trimaculatus Swainson.
Nyctictypus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by
monotypy, Caprimulgus rufigena A. Smith.
1 This proposed race requires confirmation based on adequate material.
2 Includes Stenopsis Cassin, 1851, of Sharpe’s Hand-list, also Antrostomus
Bonaparte, 1838.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 197
Nyctisyrigmus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type,
by original designation, Caprimulgus pectoralis Cuvier.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 358-373;
7, 1930, p. 370-373.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Africa, 3, 1933, p. 148-167.
C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 303-308 (remarks on some African
forms.)
Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 81, 1937, p. 423-425
(forms of rufus).
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 34-61.
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 846-856.
Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 400-
402 (forms of hirundinaceus); 19, 1932, p. 245-247 (forms of longi-
rostris).
Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 48, 1915, p. 587-599 (races of
macrurus).
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 352-368 (excl. binotatus).
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 497-535
(Stenopsis and Antrostomus).
Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25, 1918, p. 321-324 (races of
macrurus).
Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin
Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1028.
(Virginia and Carolina = South Carolina, ex Catesby.)
Breeds in the lower austral zone from southeastern Kansas, southern
Illinois, southern Indiana and southern Maryland, south to central
Texas and the Gulf States. Winters in Florida, the Greater Antilles,
Central America and Colombia.
Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griscom and Greenway
Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zo6l., 81, 1937, p. 424. (Panama City, Panama.)
Panama, northern Colombia, Venezuela.
Caprimulgus rufus otiosus (Bangs)
Antrostomus rufus otiosus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911,
p. 188. (St. Lucia, West Indies.)
Confined to the Island of St. Lucia, Lesser Antilles.
Caprimulgus rufus rufus Boddaert
Caprimulgus rufus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 46. (Cayenne,
ex Daubenton, pl. 735.)
The Guianas and northeastern Brazil south to the southern tributaries
of the Amazon, Goyaz and Bahia; Island of Trinidad (?).
198 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus rufus rutilus (Burmeister)
Antrostomus rutilus Burmeister, Syst. Uebers. Th. Bras., 2, 1856, p. 385.
(Brazil, restricted to southeastern Brazil by Griscom and Greenway,
antea.)
Matto Grosso and Rio de Janeiro, south to Tucumdn, Corrientes,
Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul.
Caprimulgus cubanensis cubanensis (Lawrence)
Antrostomus Cubanensis Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7,
1860, p. 260. (Cienega de Zapata and coast of Manzanillo, Cuba.)
Cuba and the Isle of Pines.
Caprimulgus cubanensis ekmani (Lénnberg)
Antrostomus ekmani Lénnberg, Ark. Zool., 20B, 1929, no. 6, p. 1, f. 1.
(Near Jerémie, Haiti.)
Hispaniola.
Caprimulgus serico-caudatis salvini Hartert
Caprimulgus salvini Hartert, Ibis, 1892, p. 287. New name for Capri-
mulgus macromystax of American authors, not of Wagler and other
European authors. No type or type locality specified. Mirador,
Vera Cruz is accepted as the type locality.
Antrostomus notabilis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, 1905, p. 111.
(Victoria, Tamaulipas.)
Eastern Mexico in states of Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas and Vera Cruz.
In winter to Yucatan.
Caprimulgus (serico-caudatis?) badius (Bangs and Peck)
Antrostomus badius Bangs and Peck, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, 1908,
p. 44. (Toledo district, British Honduras.)
Antrostomus nelsoni Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 90.
(Chichen Itza, Yucatan.)
Yucatan and British Honduras; Nicaragua (?).!
Caprimulgus serico-caudatis serico-caudatis (Cassin)
Antrostomus serico-caudatis [sic] Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4,
1849, p. 238. (South America.)
Known only from a few specimens without proper data; generally
attributed to South America, but may not occur there.
Caprimulgus ridgwayi ridgwayi (Nelson)
Antrostomus ridgwayt Nelson, Auk, 14, 1897, p. 50. (Tlalkisala,
Guerrero.)
1 Griscom, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 64, 1932, p. 192 records this form
from Guatemala (specimens in M. C. Z.) and Nicaragua (specimen in New
York). The Cambridge specimens prove to be C. v. chiapensis.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 199
Antrostomus goldmani Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, 1899, p. 26.
(Mazatlan, Sinaloa.)
Western Mexico in states of Sonora, Sinaloa and Guerrero.
Caprimulgus ridgwayi troglodytes Griscom
Caprimulgus ridgwayt minor Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929,
p. 10. (Progreso, Guatemala.) Not Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster,
1771, nor of Parrot, 1907.
Caprimulgus ridgwayi troglodytes Griscom, Auk, 47, 1930, p. 85. New
name for C. r. minor Griscom, preoccupied.
Guatemala and Honduras.
Caprimulgus vociferus vociferus Wilson
Caprimulgus vociferus Wilson, Am. Orn., 5, 1812, p. 71, pl. 41, figs. 1-3.
(Pennsylvania. )
Breeds from Manitoba, southern Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova
Scotia, south to northern Louisiana, northern Mississippi, northern Ala-
bama and northern Georgia, west to the eastern border of the Great Plains.
Winters from the lowlands of South Carolina and the Gulf States to El
Salvador and Honduras, casually further south.
Caprimulgus vociferus arizonae (Brewster)
Antrostomus vociferus arizone Brewster, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Cl., 6, 1881,
p. 69. (Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona.)
Southern Arizona, southern New Mexico and southwestern Texas,
southward in the mountains of northern Mexico to Jalisco and Durango.
Caprimulgus vociferus setosus van Rossem
Caprimulgus vociferus setosus van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl.,
77, 1934, p. 408. (Galindo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.)
Eastern Mexico from central Tamaulipas to southern Vera Cruz and
northern Oaxaca.
Caprimulgus vociferus oaxacae (Nelson)
Antrostomus oaxace Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 260. (Near city of
Oaxaca, Oaxaca.)
Sierra Madre bordering the southern part of the Mexican plateau from
Michoacan to Oaxaca and the adjacent parts of Chiapas. Perhaps not
separable from setosus for which it would then be the earlier name.
Caprimulgus vociferus chiapensis (Nelson)
Antrostomus chiapensis Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 261. (Valley of Comi-
tan, Chiapas.)
Chiapas and the highlands of Guatemala.
1 Replaces Caprimulgus macromystax Wagler not applicable.
200 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus vociferus vermiculatus (Dickey and van Rossem)
Antrostomus vociferus vermiculatus Dickey and van Rossem, Proc.
Biol. Soc. Wash., 41, 1928, p. 130. (Los Esesmiles, 7500 feet, Dept.
of Chalatenango, El Salvador.)
Highlands of Honduras and El Salvador.
7 Caprimulgus vociferus noctitherus (Wetmore)
Setochalcis noctitherus Wetmore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919, p. 235.
(Puerto Rico, type from Bayamén.)
Puerto Rico: known only from the type skin and from bones found in
caves. Now probably extinct.
Caprimulgus saturatus (Salvin)
Antrostomus saturatus Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 203.
(Voledn de Chiriqui, Panama.)
Mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama.
Caprimulgus longirostris ruficervix (Sclater)
Stenopsis ruficervix Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 139 (in
key), p. 140, pl. 14. (Bogota, Colombia, and Quito, Ecuador.)
Temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia (including Santa Marta),
Ecuador, and the Andes of Mérida, Venezuela.
Caprimulgus longirostris roraimae (Chapman)
Systellura ruficerviz roraime Chapman, Am Mus. Novit., no. 341, 1929,
p. 2. (Philipp Camp, 6000 feet, Mt. Roraima, Venezuela.)
Known only from Mt. Duida and Mt. Roraima.
Caprimulgus longirostris decussatus Tschudi
Caprimulgus decussatus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1,
p. 268. (Peru.)
Arid littoral of Peru from Trujillo to Islay.
Caprimulgus longirostris atripunctatus (Chapman)
Systellura ruficervix atripunctata Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67,
1923, p. 2. (Acobamba, 10,000 feet, Junin, Peru.)
Andes of Peru, Bolivia and northern Chile.
Caprimulgus longirostris bifasciatus Gould
Caprimulgus bifasciatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 22.
(No locality given, but type from Valparaiso, Chile.)
Chile from Coquimbo to the Guaitecas Islands.
Caprimulgus longirostris longirostris Bonaparte
Caprimulgus longirostris Bonaparte, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4,
pt. 2, 1825, p. 384. (South America.)
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 201
The greater part of Argentina south to Chubut, migratory at least in
the southern half of its range. The range given for this species usually
includes southern Brazil and Paraguay, but I can find no published records
for either of these countries, nor for Uruguay and southern Bolivia where
it could reasonably be expected to occur.
Caprimulgus cayennensis albicauda (Lawrence)
Stenopsis albicauda Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 11, 1875,
p. 89. (Talamanca, Costa Rica.)
Costa Rica, Panama and northern Colombia east to the Santa Marta
region.
Caprimulgus cayennensis apertus nomen nov.
Stenopsis cayennensis monticola Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
33, 1914, p. 172. (San Antonio, 6600 feet, Western Andes above
Cali, Colombia.) Not Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, 1831.
Subtropical zone of the Western Andes of Colombia.
Caprimulgus cayennensis insularis (Richmond)
Stenopsis cayennensis insularis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 15,
1902, p. 159. (Curacao.)
Islands of Curagao and Bonaire; Margarita Island; northern coast of
Venezuela (?).
?Caprimulgus cayennensis leopetes Jardine and Selby
Caprimulgus leopetes Jardine and Selby, Ill. Orn., 2, 1830, pl. 87 and
text. (Tobago.)
Stenopsis tobagensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, 1908, p. 195.
(Tobago.)
Islands of Trinidad and Tobago; doubtfully distinct from C. c. cayen-
nensis.
Caprimulgus cayennensis cayennensis Gmelin
Caprimulgus cayennensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031.
(Cayenne. )
Eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, the Guianas and doubtless
adjacent parts of northern Brazil.
Caprimulgus (cayennensis?) candicans (Pelzeln)
Stenopsis candicans Pelzeln in Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866
(1867), p. 588. (Irisanga, Sao Paulo.)
Central Brazil in states of Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; Paraguay.
Caprimulgus maculicaudus (Lawrence)
Stenopsis maculicaudus Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 1862,
p. 459. (Pard.)
202 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Stenopsis platura Pelzeln in Sclater, Proc. Zool, Soc. London, 1866
(1867), p. 589. (Ypanema, Sao Paulo) = yg. 9°.
Antiurus maculicaudatus [sic] romainei Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila., 87, 1935, p. 320. (Chatarona, near Reyes, Beni, Bolivia.) !
Recorded from Bogotdé, Colombia (trade skins), British Guiana, Suri-
nam, southeastern Peru, northeastern Bolivia, and Brazil in states of Ama-
zonas, Pard and Sao Paulo.
Caprimulgus parvulus anthonyi (Chapman)
Setopagis anthonyi Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 1923, p. 4.
(Portovelo, 2400 feet, Ecuador.)
Western Ecuador.
Caprimulgus parvulus heterurus (Todd)
Setopagis heterurus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 81. (La
Tigrera, Santa Marta, Colombia.)
Santa Marta region of northern Colombia.
Caprimulgus parvulus parvulus Gould
Caprimulgus parvulus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 22.
(No locality given, but type from near Santa Fé, Rio Parand, Argen-
tina.)
South America south of the Amazon and west to eastern Peru, south to
Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba and Buenos Aires) and Uruguay.
Caprimulgus maculosus (Todd)
Nyctipolus maculosus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 33, 1920, p. 74.
(Tamanoir, Cayenne.)
Known only from the unique type.
Caprimulgus nigrescens nigrescens Cabanis
Caprimulgus nigrescens Cabanis, in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana,
3, 1848, p. 710. (Lower Essequibo River, British Guiana.)
Nyctipolus nigrescens duidae Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zool., 81, 1987, p. 423. (Valle de los Monos, 725 feet, Mt. Duida,
Venezuela.) ?
Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, southern Venezuela,
the Guianas and the greater part of Amazonian Brazil south to the
1 While romainei, described from a single adult male, may well be a valid
form, it was compared only with specimens from Para and without reference
to “platura’” or to specimens from other parts of the rather extensive range
of the species. Until suitable series from all parts of the range can be critically
compared, romainei is best placed in synonymy.
2 The characters given for duidae in the original description are also apparent
in some specimens of nigrescens from the coast of Surinam.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 203
southern tributaries of the Amazon (Rios Madeira, Roosevelt, Tapajéz
and Tocantins), and extending eastward into the forest region of northern
Maranhao.
Caprimulgus nigrescens whitelyi (Salvin)
Antrostomus whitelyi Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 438. (Mt. Roraima, 3500
feet, British Guiana.)
Known only from Mt. Roraima.
Caprimulgus hirundinaceus cearae (Cory)
Nyctipolus hirundinaceus cearae Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.,
Zool. Ser., 12, 1917, p. 4. (Quixada, Ceard, Brazil.)
Eastern Brazil from Ceara to extreme northern Bahia.
Caprimulgus hirundinaceus hirundinaceus Spix
Caprimulgus hirundinaceus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 2, pl. 3, f. 1.
(Rio Solimoés, error = Feira de Sant’ Anna, Bahia, cf. Hellmayr,
antea, 1929, p. 400.)
Caprimulgus hirundinaceus crissalis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.,
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 301. (Rio de Peixe, near Queimados, Bahia.)
Eastern Brazil from southern Piauhy (Parnagudé) southeastward across
Bahia to Sao Salvador (formerly called City of Bahia).
Caprimulgus ruficollis ruficollis Temminck
Caprimulgus ruficollis Temminck, Man. d’Orn., ed. 2, 1, 1820, p. 488.
(Algeciras, Spain.)
Breeds in Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco. Winter quarters not
known.
Caprimulgus ruficollis desertorum Erlanger
Caprimulgus ruficollis desertorum Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899,
p. 521, pl. 11, upper f. (Tunisia; no holotype designated; the specimen
figured is from Djebel el Meda, near Gabes.)
Breeds in Algeria and Tunisia. Recorded as a migrant in the southern
Sahara, but winter range not known.
Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear
Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay
Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 37. (Abbottabad, Hazara, Himalayas.)
The Himalayas from Simla and Mussorrie to Assam and Yunnan;
Burma and the Malay Peninsula.
Caprimulgus indicus indicus Latham
Caprimulgus indicus Latham, Index Orn., 2, 1790, p. 588. (India.)
India south of the Himalayas.
204 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus indicus kelaarti Blyth
Caprimulgus Kelaarti Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 20, 1851 (1852),
p. 175. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon.
Caprimulgus indicus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel
Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap.,
Aves, 1847, p. 37, pl. 12 ¢, pl. 13 9. (Japan.)
Caprimulgus innominata [sic] Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875, p. 318, note.
(Near Mergui, Tenasserim.)
Breeds in southeastern Siberia to Amur and Ussuriland south to Kansu,
Manchuria and northern Chihli; mountains of northwestern Fukien;
islands of Hokkaido, Hondo and Shikoku. Migrates through eastern
China and winters in southern China, Indochina, the Malay Peninsula,
Sumatra, Java and Borneo.
Caprimulgus indicus phalaena Hartlaub and Finsch
Caprimulgus phalena Hartlaub and Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London,
1872, p. 91. (Palau Islands.)
Palau Islands.
Caprimulgus europaeus europaeus Linné
Caprimulgus europeus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198.
(Europe, restricted type locality, Sweden, ex Fauna Suec.)
Breeds in the greater part of northern and central Europe (including
the British Isles) north to lat. 63° N. in Scandinavia, southern Finland
and Arkhangelsk, east to the Urals and south to southern Europe where
it meets the next race. Winters in tropical Africa and occurs as far south
as Cape Province.
Caprimulgus europaeus meridionalis Hartert
Caprimulgus europxus meridionalis Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 370, in text.
(Southern Europe and northwestern Africa; type from Parnassus,
Greece.)
Caprimulgus europaeus severzowi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907,
p. 166, in text. (Eastern Persia.)
Breeds in Spain, parts of Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, southern Russia,
the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia; islands of
Corsica, Sardinia and Crete. Winters in western tropical Africa.
Caprimulgus europaeus sarudnyi Hartert
Caprimulgus europaeus sarudnyt Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912,
p. 849. (Tarbagatai Mountains.)
Breeds in western Siberia from the Ural Mountains east to Trans-
baikalia, south to the lower Ural River, delta of the Syr Darya, Tarbagatai,
the Altai and the Kentei Mountains. Migrates through western Turkestan;
winter quarters not definitely known.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 205
Caprimulgus europaeus unwini Hume
Caprimulgus unwini Hume, Ibis, 1871, p. 406. (Agrore Valley and the
neighborhood of Abbottabad. The specimens listed as types in the
Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. are from the former locality.)
Caprimulgus nauta Lonnberg, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 39. (At sea,
off Aden, Arabia.) 4
Breeds in southwestern Asia, south of the range of sarudnyi, from the
eastern shores of the Caspian Sea east to Kuldja and the Khangai Moun-
tains, south to eastern Persia, Baluchistan, Sind, the Punjab and the
Saissan Depression. Winters in northwestern India and in eastern Africa
from the Egyptian Sudan to Natal.
Caprimulgus europaeus plumipes Przewalski
Caprimulgus plumipes Przewalski, Mongol. i Strana Tangut., 2, 1876,
p. 22. (Northern bend of the Huang Ho.)
Caprimulgus europaeus angert Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 165.
(Tashkent, Turkestan.)
Deserts of eastern Turkestan.
Caprimulgus aegyptius aegyptius Lichtenstein
Caprimulgus aegyptius Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin,
1823, p. 59. (Upper Egypt.)
Breeds in Transcaspia, the desert areas of Turkestan, Afghanistan,
Baluchistan, eastern and southern Persia, Iraq, northern Egypt and
Nubia. Migratory in the Asiatic part of its range; winters in Egypt and
the Sudan.
Caprimulgus aegyptius saharae Erlanger
Caprimulgus aegyptius saharae Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 525,
pl. 12, upper f. (Oued Beshima, Tunisia.)
Resident in the northern Sahara from Algeria to the Nile.
Caprimulgus mahrattensis Sykes
Caprimulgus M ahrattensis Sykes, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1832,
p. 83. (Mahrattas.)
Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Sind and northwestern India.
Caprimulgus nubicus tamaricis Tristram
Caprimulgus tamaricis Tristram, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 170,
430. (Dead Sea depression, Palestine.)
From the Dead Sea depression in Palestine southeastward along the
Arabian coast of the Red Sea to the Aden Protectorate.
1 Cf. Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 21.
206 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus nubicus nubicus Lichtenstein
Caprimulgus nubicus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823,
p. 59. (Nubia.)
Berber and Dongola Provinces of the Egyptian Sudan.
Caprimulgus nubicus torridus Lort Phillips
Caprimulgus torridus Lort Phillips, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. xxiii.
(Eyk, Haud Plateau, Somaliland.)
Somaliland.
Caprimulgus nubicus taruensis van Someren
Caprimulgus nubicus taruensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40,
1919, p. 25. (Tsavo, Kenya Colony.)
Desert region between Kilimanjaro and Tsavo.
Caprimulgus nubicus jonesi Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes
Caprimulgus jonest Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes, Bull. Liverpool Mus., 2,
1899, p. 3. (Dimichiro Valley, Garieh Plain, Socotra Island.)
Socotra Island.
Caprimulgus eximius simplicior Hartert
Caprimulgus eximius simplicior Hartert, Nov. Zool., 28, 1921, p. 109.
(Zinder and Damergu, French West Africa; type from Zinder.)
Driest parts of French West Africa from Air south to Damergu, perhaps
extending further westward.
Caprimulgus eximius eximius Temminck
Caprimulgus eximius “Rupp.” Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 67, 1826, pl.
398. (Sennar.)
Darfur through Kordofan to the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Shendi).
Caprimulgus madagascariensis aldabrensis Ridgway
Caprimulgus aldabrensis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, 1894,
p. 373. (Aldabra Island.)
Aldabra Island.
Caprimulgus madagascariensis madagascariensis Sganzin
Caprimulgus Madagascariensis Sganzin, Mém. Soc. Mus. Hist. Nat.
Strasbourg, 3, 1840, p. 28. (Sainte Marie, Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
Caprimulgus macrurus albonotatus Tickell
Caprimulgus Albonotatus Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833,
p. 580. (Dampara, Dholbhum, Bengal.)
Caprimulgus nepalensis Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 540.
(Ex Hodgson MS., a nomen nudum cited in synonymy of C. albono-
tatus by Hodgson in Zool. Misc., 1844, p. 82.)
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 207
Caprimulgus macrourus hodgsoni Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed.
2, Bds., 7, 1930, p. 372. New name for Caprimulgus nepalensis
Hartert, not available.
Northern India, east to Assam and south to the United Provinces.
Caprimulgus macrurus atripennis Jerdon
Caprimulgus atripennis Jerdon, Illustr. Indian Orn., 1845, pl. 24. (Hast-
ern Ghats to west of Nellore.)
Southern India.
?Caprimulgus macrurus ambiguus Hartert
Caprimulgus macrurus ambiguus Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 373. (Malay
Peninsula, Burma, Assam and the eastern Himalayas. Restricted to
southern Tenasserim by Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 95-96.)
Burma and southern Yunnan, south to Tenasserim, Peninsular Siam,
Siam, and Cochinchina. Doubtfully distinct from C. m. bimaculatus.
Caprimulgus macrurus bimaculatus Peale
Caprimulgus bimaculatus Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 170.
(Singapore.)
Caprimulgus macrurus anamesus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
48, 1915, p. 593. (Tanjongkalong, Sinapore Island.)
Malay Peninsula from Penang southward; Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago.
Caprimulgus macrurus andamanicus Hume
Caprimulgus andamanicus Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1,
1873, p. 470. (Jolly Boys Island, Andaman Islands.)
Andaman Islands.
Caprimulgus macrurus macrurus Horsfield
Caprimulgus macrurus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1,
1821, p. 142. (Java.)
Ceylon?! Java, Bali, Borneo, Banguey Island; Palawan and Cala-
mianes.?
Caprimulgus macrurus hainanus Mayr
Caprimulgus macrurus hainanus Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 310. (Cheteriang,
Hainan.)
Hainan.
1 Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 36,
are unable to distinguish between specimens from Ceylon and those from Java,
but cf. Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 371-372.
2 Birds from Borneo and the Palawan group may be separable under the
name of Caprimulgus salvadorii Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875, p. 99,
pl. 22, f. 1. (Labuan Island.)
208 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus macrurus manillensis Walden
Caprimulgus manillensis Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 9, pt. 2,
1875, p. 159. (Manila, ex G. R. Gray, List Bds. Brit. Mus., Fissi-
rostres, 1848, p. 7, where a nomen nudum.)
Philippine Islands generally, except Mindanao and the Palawan
group.
?Caprimulgus macrurus delacouri Hachisuka
Caprimulgus macrurus Delacouri Hachisuka, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn.
(n.s.), 1, 1931, p. 471. (Sigaboy, Prov. of Cotabato, Mindanao.)
Confined to the Island of Mindanao, Philippine Islands. Requires
confirmation.
Caprimulgus macrurus celebensis Ogilvie-Grant
Caprimulgus celebensis Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1894, p. 519. (Celebes.)
Celebes; Wetar Island (?).
Caprimulgus macrurus oberholseri Rothschild and Hartert
Caprimulgus macrurus oberholseri Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool.,
25, 1918, p. 322. (1500 feet on Lombok.)
Lombok, Sumbawa, Djampea and Saleyer.
Caprimulgus macrurus mesophanis Oberholser
Caprimulgus macrurus mesophanis Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
48, 1915, p. 590. (Amboina.)
Southern Moluccas: Obi, Buru, Amboina, Ceram and Ceramlaut.
Caprimulgus macrurus kuehni Rothschild and Hartert
Caprimulgus macrurus kuehni Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25,
1918, p. 322. (Tual, Little Kei Island.)
Babar; Tenimber Islands; Kei Islands.
Caprimulgus macrurus schillmolleri Stresemann
Caprimulgus macrurus schillméllert Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39,
1931, p. 170. (Gamkonora, Halmahera.)
Halmahera and probably also the other northern Moluccas; western
Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Batanta.
Caprimulgus macrurus yorki Mathews
Caprimulgus macrurus yorki Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 291,
no. 568. (Cape York.)
Caprimulgus macrurus keatsi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 291,
no. 569. (Point Keats, Northern Territory.)
Caprimulgus macrurus albolaxatus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool.,
25, April, 1918, p. 323. (Vulcan Island.)
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 209
Rossornis macrurus coincidens Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, August, 1918,
p. 241. (Cairns, Queensland.)
Rossornis macrurus rogersi Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, August, 1918,
p. 242. (Melville Island.)
Rossornis macrurus aruensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 242.
(Aru Islands.)
New Britain, Rook Island, Long Island, Vulcan Island, Dampier
Island, New Guinea,! Aru Islands, and northern tropical Australia.
Caprimulgus macrurus meeki Rotuschild and Hartert
Caprimulgus macrurus meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25,
1918, p. 8321. (Sudest Island.)
Known only from Tagula [Sudest] Island in the Louisiade Archipelago.
Caprimulgus pectoralis nigriscapularis Reichenow
Caprimulgus nigriscapularis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 31.
(Songa, west of Lake Albert.)
Caprimulgus claudi Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 47.
(Ubangi River.)
Portuguese Guinea, Nigeria, Ubangi-Shari and the lower Congo east-
ward to the Uganda forest region and the north shore of Lake Tanganyika.
Caprimulgus pectoralis fervidus Sharpe
Caprimulgus fervidus Sharpe, in Layard’s Bds. So. Afr., new ed., 1875,
p. 86. (Damaraland.)
Angola eastward through the southern Belgian Congo and Rhodesia to
Nyasaland, south to Ovampoland and Natal. Extends northward to
Kilosa and the Kondoa district in central Tanganyika Territory.
Caprimulgus pectoralis pectoralis Cuvier
Caprimulgus pectoralis Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 376,
note 2. (Africa, based entirely on Levaillant, pl. 49 = Knysna, Cape
Province.)
Southern and coastal districts of Cape Province north to Namaqualand
and Natal.
Caprimulgus rufigena fraenatus Salvadori
Caprimulgus fraenatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 21, 1884,
p. 118. (Daimbi, Shoa.)
Eritrea, northern Ethiopia and Somaliland south through Kenya Colony
to the Kilimanjaro region.
1 Cf. Mayr and Rand, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 73, 1937, p. 74-75.
210 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
?Caprimulgus rufigena keniensis van Someren
Caprimulgus keniensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 25.
(North of Mt. Kenia.)
Known only from the type. Doubtfully distinct from fraenatus.}
?Caprimulgus rufigena quanzae Bowen
Caprimulgus rufigena quanze Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82,
1930, p. 1. (Villa General Machado, Quanza River valley, Angola.)
Angola. Doubtfully distinct from C. r. rufigena.
Caprimulgus rufigena rufigena A. Smith
Caprimulgus rufigena A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. So. Afr., 1845, Aves, pl.
100 and text. (Eastern districts of Cape Colony.)
Breeds in South Africa north to the Cunene River and Southern Rho-
desia. Recorded as an ‘‘off season” migrant in Ashanti, Nigeria, Cameroon
and Darfur.
Caprimulgus donaldsoni Sharpe
Caprimulgus donaldsoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. xxix.
(Somaliland to the Galla country; type from Hargeissa.)
Western and southern Somaliland south to southern Kenya Colony.
Caprimulgus poliocephalus poliocephalus Riippell
Caprimulgus poliocephalus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vogel, 1840,
p. 106. (Kulla, Ethiopia.)
Caprimulgus palmquisti Sjéstedt, in Sjéstedt’s Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed.
Zool. Exped. Kilimandjaro, Meru, etc., 1, Abt. 3, 1908, p. 101, pl. 1.
(Kibonoto, Mt. Kilimanjaro.)
Ethiopia and the inland parts of Kenya Colony and northern Tan-
ganyika Territory.
Caprimulgus poliocephalus ruwenzorii Ogilvie-Grant
Caprimulgus ruwenzorii Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 28, 1908,
p. 94. (Mubuku Valley, 9000 feet, Mt. Kuwenzori.)
Central Africa in the region of Mt. Ruwenzori, the Kivu district and
northwest of Lake Tanganyika.
Caprimulgus poliocephalus guttifer Grote
Caprimulgus pectoralis guttifer Grote, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 125.
(Mlalo, Tanganyika Territory.)
Tanganyika Territory from Njombe in the south-central part to the
Usambara Mountains in the northeastern part.
1 See Hartert, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 401.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 211
Caprimulgus poliocephalus koesteri Neumann
Caprimulgus koesteri Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 79, 1931, p. 550. (Lum-
bale, Bailundu, Benguella.)
Known only from the type locality.
Caprimulgus asiaticus asiaticus Latham
Caprimulgus asiaticus Latham, Index Orn., 2, 1790, p. 588. (India, =
Bombay.)
Plains of India and Burma; southern Siam and southern Indochina.
Caprimulgus asiaticus eidos nomen nov.
Caprimulgus asiaticus minor Parrot, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 170.
(Vavuniya, northern Ceylon.) Not Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster.
Ceylon.
Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensis deSchauensee
Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensts deSchauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila., 85, 1934, p. 373. (Chieng Mai, Siam.)
Northern Siam.
Caprimulgus natalensis accrae Shelley
Caprimulgus accre Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 379. (Accra, Gold Coast
Colony.)
Recorded from Liberia, Gold Coast and extreme western Cameroon.
Caprimulgus natalensis chadensis Alexander
Caprimulgus chadensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 90.
(Lake Chad.)
Caprimulgus Ugandae Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 18, 1915,
p. 394. (Mujenje, Uganda.) 3
Lake Chad eastward to the White Nile and south to the Uelle district,
Mount Ruwenzori and Uganda.
Caprimulgus natalensis gabonensis Alexander
Caprimulgus gabonensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 90.
(Gaboon.)
Savannas of Gaboon south to the lower Congo and east to the middle
Congo.
Caprimulgus natalensis fulviventris Hartlaub
Caprimulgus fulviventris Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 102.
(Bembe, Angola.)
Known only from the type.
1 Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1931, p. 57-58, after an examination of
the types of ugandae, finds them identical with chadensis.
212 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus natalensis natalensis A. Smith
Caprimulgus natalensis A. Smith, Ilustr. Zool. S. Afr., 1845, Aves, pl. 99
and text. (Port Natal, i.e. Durban, Natal.)
Natal and Zululand.
Caprimulgus inornatus vinacea-brunneus Bannerman
Caprimulgus inornatus vinacea-brunneus Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn.
Cl., 52, 1932, p. 147. (Tawa [or Tahoua], French Niger Colony.)
Known only from Tahoua and Tillia, French West Africa.
Caprimulgus inornatus inornatus Heuglin
Caprimulgus inornatus Heuglin, Orn. Nordost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 129.
(Bogosland.)
Air eastward through Darfur to Eritrea and the coasts of the Red Sea,
south to southern Nigeria, the Uelle district, Uganda, the Usambara
Mountains and Somaliland; southwestern Arabia.
Caprimulgus stellatus stellatus Blundell and Lovat
Caprimulgus stellatus Blundell and Lovat, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10,
1899, p. xxi. (Kassim River, southern Ethiopia.)
Hawash district of Ethiopia east to Gallaland and Somaliland and
south to the North Guaso Nyiro River in Kenya Colony.
Caprimulgus stellatus simplex Neumann
Caprimulgus stellatus simplex Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 55, 1907, p. 593.
(Lake Zwai, Ethiopia.)
Lake region of southern Ethiopia.!
Caprimulgus ludovicianus Stephenson Clarke
Caprimulgus ludovicianus Stephenson Clarke, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31,
1913, p. 108. (Southwestern Ethiopia.)
Known only from the type.
Caprimulgus monticolus monticolus Franklin
Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soe. London,
1830-1831 (1831), p. 116. (Ganges between Calcutta and Benares.)
All of India from Sind to Travancore on the west and from Madras to
Orissa and Bihar, east to western Bengal.
Caprimulgus monticolus burmanicus Stuart Baker
Caprimulgus monticolus burmanicus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl.,
51, 1931, p. 102. (Upper Chindwin, Burma.)
Sikkim east to Assam and south to eastern Bengal, Burma and Siam.
1 It is quite possible that all of the members of the inornatus-stellatus group
are conspecific, but it rests upon some future reviser with adequate material
from all parts of the range to prove or disprove this supposition. In the mean-
time I follow the customary treatment.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 213
Caprimulgus monticolus amoyensis Stuart Baker
Caprimulgus monticolus amoyensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl.,
51, 1931, p. 102. (Amoy, China.)
Southeastern China in provinces of Fukien, Kwangtung, Kwangsi and
Yunnan.
Caprimulgus monticolus stictomus Swinhoe
Caprimulgus stictomus Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 250. (Ape’s Hill, For-
mosa.)
Caprimulgus stictomus digitalis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 51,
1931, p. 101, in text. Mention of a manuscript name of Swinhoe’s
on the labels of some specimens of stictomus in the British Museum.
Formosa; Indochina.
Caprimulgus affinis affinis Horsfield
Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821,
p. 142. (Java.)
Sumatra, Billiton, Nias, Borneo, Java, Bali, Karimon Java Islands,
Lombok,! Sumbawa,! Flores,! Alor,! Timor,! and Kisar (?).
Caprimulgus affinis kasuidori Hachisuka
Caprimulgus affinis kasuidori Hachisuka, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1932,
p. 81. (Savu, Lesser Sunda Islands.)
Islands of Savu and Sumba.
Caprimulgus affinis griseatus Walden
Caprimulgus griseatus Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 9, pt. 2, 1875,
p. 160. (Philippine Islands, ex G. R. Gray, Handlist, 1, 1869, p. 57,
where a nomen nudum.)
Philippines: Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Negros and Cebu.
Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis Mearns
Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18,
1905, p. 85. (Malabang, Mindanao.)
Confined to Mindanao.
Caprimulgus affinis propinquus Riley
Caprimulgus affinis propinquus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918,
p. 155. (Parigi, Celebes.)
Celebes, where known from the central northern part and the southern
Peninsula.
1 Birds from these islands are referred to propinquus by Hachisuka; such a
distribution is very unlikely; it hardly seems probable that the Lesser Sunda
Islands form should be the same as the Celebesian, with yet a different race
on Savu and Sumba.
214 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Caprimulgus tristigma sharpei Alexander
?Scotornis trimaculatus Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 70. (Western
Africa.)
Caprimulgus sharpei Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 29.
(Gambaga, Gold Coast.)
Caprimulgus goslingi Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 47.
(Mt. Kaga Djirri, Kemo River, French Congo.)
Senegal (?); Gold Coast, Ubangi-Shari, French Sudan; eastern
Cameroon (?).
Caprimulgus tristigma tristigma Riippell
Caprimulgus tristigma Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vég., 1840, p. 105.
(Gondar, Ethiopia.)
Caprimulgus eleanorae Phillips, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, 1913, p. 167.
(Fazogli, Blue Nile.)
Eastern Sudan and Ethiopia, south to Kenya Colony and the north-
eastern Congo border.
Caprimulgus tristigma lentiginosus A. Smith
Caprimulgus lentiginosus A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Afr., 1845, Aves,
pl. 101 and text. (Great Namaqualand.)
Africa south of the Benguela Plateau, Katanga and southern Tangan-
yika Territory to the Transvaal and Mashonaland.
Caprimulgus concretus Bonaparte
Caprimulgus concretus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 60. (Ashanti,
error = Borneo);! the types are from Banjermassing, fide Sharpe,
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875, p. 100.
Caprimulgus mirificus Oberholser, Smiths. Mise. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7,
p. 7. (Siak River, Sumatra.)
Sumatra, Billiton and Borneo.
Caprimulgus pulchellus pulchellus Salvadori
Caprimulgus pulchellus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1879,
p. 195. (Mt. Singalan, Sumatra.)
Sumatra.
Caprimulgus pulchellus bartelsi Finsch
Caprimulgus Bartelsi Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus., 23, 1902, p. 148.
(Pasir Datar, 3000 feet, western Java.)
Java.
Caprimulgus enarratus G. R. Gray
Caprimulgus enarratus G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 8,
1871, p. 428. (Madagascar.)
Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar.
1 See note under Veles binotatus p. 192.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE Q15
Caprimulgus batesi Sharpe
Caprimulgus batesi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 18. (River
Ja, Cameroon.)
Equatorial forest region from southern Cameroon eastward to the
Semliki Valley of the Belgian Congo and southward to the middle Congo
River.
Genus SCOTORNIS Swainson
Scotornis Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 66. Type, by subsequent
designation, Caprimulgus climacurus Vieillot. (Gray, Cat. Gen. Sub-
gen. Bds., 1855, p. 11.)
Crotema Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by mon-
otypy, Caprimulgus fossi1 Hartlaub.1
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 175-178.
Bates, Ibis, 1927, p. 19-22.
Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 88, 1931, p. 40-43 (races of
fossit).
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 309-312 (races of
fossiz).
Scotornis fossii fossii (Hartlaub)
Caprimulgus Fossii Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. Westafr., 1857, p. 23.
(Gaboon.)
Crotema fossii youngi Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932, p. 26.
(Livingstonia, Central Africa = Nyasaland.)
Cameroon, the Katanga and Ruwenzori, south to the Cunene River,
Orange Free State and Nyasaland.
?Scotornis fossii mossambicus (Peters)
Caprimulgus mossambicus Peters, Journ. f. Orn., 16, 1868, p. 134.
(Inhambane, Portuguese East Africa.)
East African coastal regions from Mombasa southward through Mozam-
bique. Doubtfully distinct from S. f. fossiz.
Scotornis fossii clarus (Reichenow)?
Caprimulgus clarus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 29. (Bukoba,
Tanganyika Territory, and Mengo, Uganda.)
1 There are two courses open in the case of the genus Scotornis; one is to
combine it with Caprimulgus, the other is to maintain it with the addition of
C. fossii. The rather narrow rectrices and much graduated tail of climacurus
certainly render this species an intrusive element in Caprimulgus, but fossit
is exactly like it in color and clarus and apatelius are certainly approaches to
climacurus in the character of the tail.
2 Van Someren (Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 85-86), and Grant and Mackworth-
Praed (Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 18-20), consider fossiz to be specifically
distinct from clarus on the grounds that both occur at the same localities in
216 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Uganda eastward through the southern half of Kenya Colony to the
coast and south through the inland parts of the northern half of Tangan-
yika Territory.
Scotornis fossii apatelius (Neumann)
Caprimulgus apatelius Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 12, 1904, p. 143.
(Galana River, Lake Abaya, Ethiopia.)
Central Ethiopia east to the Danakil coast and Somaliland, south to
northern Kenya Colony (Tana River).
Scotornis climacurus climacurus (Vieillot)
Caprimulgus climacurus Vieillot, Gal. Ois., 1, 1825, p. 195, pl. 122.
(Senegal.)
Breeds in the African semi-arid belt from Senegal and Gambia eastward
through Lake Chad to Darfur. Migrates to the tree and grass savanna
belts from Sierra Leone and Gold Coast Colony, eastward to northwestern
Kenya Colony.
Scotornis climacurus nigricans Salvadori
Scotornis nigricans Salvadori, Atti Soc. Ital. Soc. Nat. Milano, 11,
1868, p. 449. (‘‘Fiume Bianco” 1.e. White Nile.)
Darfur and Kordofan westward to the Blue Nile, Lake Tana and the
Baro River.
Scotornis climacurus leoninus Bannerman
Scotornis climacurus leoninus Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52,
1932, p. 148. (Bo, Sierra Leone.)
Resident in Sierra Leone.
Scotornis climacurus sclateri Bates
Scotornis climacurus sclatert Bates, Ibis, 1927, p. 20. (Ngaundere,
northern Cameroon.)
Highlands of Nigeria, northern Cameroon, Uelle and Ubangi rivers, mi-
grating into southern Cameroon; resident on the middle Congo south of
the equatorial forest.
parts of Uganda, Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory. Unfortunately
none of these authors presents any evidence to show whether the forms actually
breed at such common localities, or whether their occurrence together is merely
the mingling of migratory and non-breeding populations. The latter hypothe-
sis certainly deserves consideration in view of the migratory and semi-migratory
habits of many species of African night-jars. Under the circumstances I can-
not consider as proven the claims to the specific distinctness of fossii and
clarus.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 917
GEeNus MACRODIPTERYX Swainson
Macrodipteryx Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 62. Type, by mon-
otypy, Macrodipteryx africanus Swainson = Caprimulgus longipennis
Shaw.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 168-172.
Macrodipteryx longipennis (Shaw)
Caprimulgus longipennis Shaw, Nat. Misc., 8, 1796, pl. 265. (Sierra
Leone.)
Caprimulgus houyi Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 73. (Bodanga,
eastern Cameroon.)
African savanna country from Senegal, Portuguese Guinea and Sierra
Leone to Eritrea, western Ethiopia and Uganda. Subject to migratory
movements during the non-breeding season.
Grnus SEMEIOPHORUS Gov p!
Semeiophorus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [13] and text. Type, by
monotypy, Semeiophorus (Macrodypteryx?) vexillarius Gould.
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 172-175.
Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 73-81 (migration).
Semeiophorus vexillarius Gould
Semeiophorus (Macrodypteryx?) vexillarius Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2,
1838, pl. [13] and text. (Islands between Bourbon and Madagascar;
numerous on the shores of the Red Sea and in the Island of Scutra
[v.e. Socotra], error = Sierra Leone.)
Caprimulgus filleborni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 8, 1900, p. 98. (Neu
Helgoland, west of Lake Nyasa.)
Breeds in Africa south of the equatorial forest from Angola to Tangan-
yika Territory and south to Damaraland and the Transvaal. Migrates
across the forest to spend the non-breeding season in the grasslands of
Nigeria, Cameroon, Belgian Congo and Uganda.
GENus HYDROPSALIS WaGLeR
Hydropsalis Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1222. Type, by subse-
quent designation, Caprimulgus furcifer Vieillot (G. R. Gray, Cat.
Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 11).
1 Replaces Cosmetornis G. R. Gray, List. Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 8. Gray pro-
posed Cosmetornis stating that Semeiophorus had been used in Herpetology
and Entomology. He doubtless had in mind Semiophora Stephens, 1829,
Lepidoptera, and Semiophorus Wagler, 1830, Reptilia.
218 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Diplopsalis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 141. Type,
Caprimulgus climacocercus Tschudi. (Here definitely designated for
the first time.)
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 27-29.
Hydropsalis climacocerca schomburgki Sclater
Hydropsalis schomburgki “G. R. Gray” Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London,
1866, p. 142. (British Guiana.)
Extreme eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and Surinam.
Hydropsalis climacocerca climacocerca (Tschudi)
Caprimulgus climacocercus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1,
p. 269. (Peru.)
Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and western Brazil
east at least to the Purts (some form occurs on the Rio Madeira).
Hydropsalis climacocerca pallidior Todd
Hydropsalis climacocerca pallidior Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, Nov.,
1937, p. 245. (Santarem, Brazil.)
Known only from the type locality.
Hydropsalis climacocerca intercedens Todd
Hydropsalis climacocerca intercedens Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25,
Nov., 1937, p. 245. (Islands in the Amazon River, opposite Obidos,
Brazil.)
Known only from the type locality.
Hydropsalis climacocerca canescens Griscom and Greenway
Hydropsalis climacocerca canescens Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus.
Comp. Zoél., 81, June, 1937, p. 425. (Lago Grande, south bank of the
Amazon, west of the Rio Tapajéz, Brazil.)
Known only from the region of the lower Tapajéz.1
Hydropsalis brasiliana brasiliana (Gmelin)
Caprimulgus brasilianus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031.
(Brazil.) ?
Caprimulgus torquatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1032.
(Brazil.)
Brazil from the south bank of the lower Amazon (west to the Rio
Madeira) and Maranh4o, southward to eastern Matto Grosso and Sao
Paulo.
1 It is difficult to account for the presence of three races of H. climacocerca
along the lower Amazon between Obidos and Santarem, an air line distance of
not over seventy-five miles.
2 For use of this name cf. Schneider, Journ. f. Orn., 86, 1938, p. 95-96.
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 219
Hydropsalis brasiliana furcifera (Vieillot)
Caprimulgus furcifer Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 242.
(Paraguay.)
Eastern Bolivia, southern Matto Grosso and Parana, south to Men-
doza, Pampa, Entre Rios and Uruguay.
GreNnus UROPSALIS W. MILLER
Uropsalis W. Miller, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 516. Type,
by original designation, Hydropsalis lyra Bonaparte.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 26-27. (Macropsalis,
part, species nos. 1, 2 and 3.)
Uropsalis segmentata segmentata (Cassin)
Hydropsalis segmentatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1849,
p. 238. (Bogotd.)
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.
Uropsalis segmentata kalinowskii (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)
Macropsalis kalinowskii Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ibis, 1894, p. 399.
(Pariayacu, near Maraynioc, Peru.)
Central Peru.
Uropsalis lyra lyra (Bonaparte)
Hydropsalis lyra “Gould” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 59.
(Bogota.)
Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela.
Uropsalis lyra peruana (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)
Macropsalis lyra peruana Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ornis, 13, 1906,
p. 121. (Chontapunco, Marcapata, Peru.)
Peru.
Genus MACROPSALIS SciatTer
Macropsalis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 141 (in key),
p. 143. Type, by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus forcipatus
Nitzsch = Hydropsalis creagra Bonaparte (Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit.
Mus., 16, 1892, p. 601).
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 26-27 (part, species
no. 4 only).
Macropsalis creagra (Bonaparte)
Hydropsalis creagra Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 58. (Brazil.)
Southeastern Brazil in states of Rio de Janeiro, SAo Paulo, Minas
Geraés and Rio Grande do Sul.
220 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
GrENus ELEOTHREPTUS G. R. Gray
Eleothreptus G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 7. New name for
Amblypterus Gould, 1838. Type, by original designation and mon-
otypy, EL. anomalus (Gould) = Amblypterus anomalus Gould.!
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 31.
Eleothreptus anomalus (Gould)
Amblypterus anomalus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837 (May,
1838), p. 105. (Demerara, error = Sao Paulo, Brazil, by designation
of Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 32, 1938, p. 237.) Also described as
new genus and species, Icones Av., pt. 2, Aug., 1838, pl. [11] and text.
Paraguay, southeastern Brazil and northern Argentina (provinces of
Chaco and Buenos Aires.)
ORDER APODIFORMES
SuBporpER APODI
FamiLy Aegialornithidae 2? [Fossit]
Famity APODIDAE
SUBFAMILY CHAETURINAE
Genus COLLOCALIA G. R. Gray?
Collocalia G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 8. Type, by original
designation, Hirundo esculenta Linné.
Aerodramus Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, p. 179
(in key), p. 182. Type, by original designation, Collocalia innominata
Hume.
1 Gray believed Gould’s generic name to be “‘similar to a word used in en-
tomology” referring no doubt to Amblyptera Solier, 1836. There is however
a genus of fossil fishes, Amblypterus Agassiz, 1833 of which Gould’s name is a
homonym.
2 Position provisional.
3 The genus Collocalia constitutes one of the most difficult of all groups of
birds. The principal recent revisers of this genus realize this fact more keenly
than any one and admit that their results are purely tentative and their con-
ceptions of relationships liable to modification. It has not seemed feasible for
me to undertake an independent survey of this genus, lack of time and material
being the chief reasons for not doing so. I have therefore tried to adapt the
following arrangement from what seem to me to be the best features of the
various reviews of the genus, or sections of it, by the authors whose papers on
the subject are listed herewith.
FAMILY APODIDAE 221
Zoonava Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914, p. 112. Type, by original
designation, Cypselus terraereginae Ramsay.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 66-70.
Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, p. 1-19.
Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, p. 177-212.
Id., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 1912, p. 11-20.
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 347-351.
Id., Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12, 1914, p. 1-12.
Id., Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 1925, p. 179-190; 1926, p. 349-353.
Id., Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931, p. 838-101.
Id., and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 1932, p. 164-170.
Collocalia gigas Hartert and Butler
Collocalia gigas Hartert and Butler, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 65.
(Selangor, Malay States.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java.
Collocalia whiteheadi tsubame Hachisuka
Collocalia whiteheadi tsubame Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., 2, 1934, p. 176.
(Puerto Princesa, Palawan.)
Philippine Islands: Palawan.!
Collocalia whiteheadi whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant
Collocalia whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1895, p. 459. (Mount Data,
Highlands of Lepanto, Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Batan, Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan,
Bantayan, Cebu, Bohol, Cagayancillo, Verde; New Guinea: Snow Mts.,
Baroka.
Collocalia whiteheadi origenis Oberholser
Collocalia origenis Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906,
p. 180 (in key), p. 191. (Mount Apo, 4000 feet, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Mindanao, except the alpine portion of Mount Apo.
?Collocalia whiteheadi apoensis Hachisuka
Collocalia apoensis Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ. no. 14,
1930, p. 172. (Apo Lake, 8000 feet, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: alpine portion of Mount Apo. The status of this
form requires further investigation.
1 If C. lowi and C. whiteheadi are conspecific as has been indicated by Mayr,
Am. Mus. Novit., no. 828, 1936, p. 12-13, then tsubame must fall as a synonym
of palawanensis; however until the relationships of brevirostris, lowi and white-
headi are finally straightened out, it seems best to recognize tsubame.
22992 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Collocalia whiteheadi orientalis Mayr
Collocalia lowi orientalis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3.
(Guadaleanar, Solomon Islands.)
Guadalcanar, Solomon Islands.
Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann
Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931,
p. 83, 98. (Pulau Belitung, southwest of Terutau Island, west coast
of the Malay Peninsula.)
Coasts of Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula; Anamba Islands.
Collocalia lowi lowi (Sharpe)
Cypselus lowi Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879, p. 333, f. 2.
(Labuan Island.)
Sumatra, Nias Island, western and northern Borneo, Labuan Island.
Collocalia lowi tichelmani Stresemann
Collocalia lowi tichelmani Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 104.
(Cave of Tamaluang, southeastern Borneo.)
Southeastern Borneo.
Collocalia lowi palawanensis Stresemann
Collocalia lowi palawanensis Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12,
1914, p. 10. (Puerto Princesa, Palawan.)
Island of Palawan, Philippines.
Collocalia (lowi?) vulcanorum Stresemann
Collocalia brevirostris vulcanorum Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin,
12, 1926, p. 352. (West Java.)
Java, on the craters of the voleanoes Gedeh, Tankuban Prahu and
Papandajan.
Collocalia (fuciphaga) fuciphaga (Thunberg)
Hirundo Fuciphaga Thunberg, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 33,
1812, p. 153. (Java.)
Java.
Collocalia (fuciphaga?) innominata Hume
Collocalia innominata Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 294. (Andaman
Islands; type from Port Mouat, South Andaman Island.)
Collocalia maxima ‘“Hume”’ Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892,
p. 503. In synonymy of Collocalia innominata, ex Hume, Stray
Feath., 4, 1876, p. 223, where a nomen nudum. (Mergui, Bankasoon.)
Southern Tenasserim, southwestern Siam, Mergui Archipelago, Malay
Peninsula; Sumatra? Probably only a straggler to the Andaman Islands.
1 See note under C. whiteheadi tsubame, p. 221.
FAMILY APODIDAE 293
Collocalia (fuciphaga?) natunae Stresemann
Collocalia francica natunae Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 38, 1930, p. 181.
(Gunong Ranai, Bunguran Island, North Natuna Islands.)
Natuna Islands and northern Borneo.
Collocalia (fuciphaga?) capnitis Thayer and Bangs
Collocalia fusciphaga [sic] capnitis Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp.
Zoél., 62, 1909, p. 189. (Wan Tao Shan, Hupeh.)
Central China in Province of Hupeh.
Collocalia brevirostris brevirostris (Horsfield)
Hirundo brevirostris Horsfield, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839 (1840),
p. 155. (Assam.)
The Himalayas to eastern Assam, extending southward into northern
Burma.
Collocalia brevirostris unicolor (Jerdon)
Hirundo unicolor Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 11, 1840, p. 238.
(Coonoor Pass.)
Malabar Coast, hill ranges of Mysore, Travancore; Ceylon.
Collocalia (brevirostris?) inopina Thayer and Bangs
Collocalia inopina Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 52, 1909,
p. 189. (Mafuling, 5000 feet, Hupeh.)
Collocalia inopina pellos Thayer and Bangs, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zoél.,
40, 1912, p. 158. (Wa Shan, 6000 feet, Szechuan.)
Central and western China in provinces of Szechuan and Hupeh;
Mountains of Tonkin.
Collocalia (francica) francica (Gmelin)
Hirundo francica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1017. (‘Insula
Francicae,” 7.e. Mauritius.)
Mauritius and Reunion.
Collocalia (francica?) elaphra Oberholser
Collocalia fuciphaga elaphra Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
58, 1906, p. 180 (in key), p. 188. (Mahé Island, Seychelles.)
Seychelles.
Collocalia inexpectata inexpectata Hume
Collocalia inexpectata Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 296, in text.
(Andaman Islands.)
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Collocalia inexpectata germani Oustalet
Collocalia Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878, p. 1.
(Cochinchina.)
294 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Collocalia francica subsp. B merguiensis Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus.,
16, 1892, p. 506. (Mergui Archipelago.)
Coasts of Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula and Indochina; Mergui Archi-
pelago; Pulo Condor; coasts of Sarawak and northern Borneo; Palawan (?).
Collocalia inexpectata amechana Oberholser
Collocalia fuciphaga amechana Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42,
1912, p. 13. (Pulo Jimaja, Anamba Islands.)
Anamba Islands.
Collocalia inexpectata amelis Oberholser
Collocalia unicolor amelis Oberholser, Proc. Acad: Nat. Sci. Phila., 58,
1906, p. 180 (in key), p. 193. (Irisan, Benguet, Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Marinduque, Cebu and Mindanao.
Collocalia inexpectata perplexa Riley
Collocalia francica perplexa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927,
p. 140. (Pulo Maratua, off the northeastern coast of Borneo.)
Small islands off the eastern coast of Borneo: Maratua, Pandjang,
Balik Kukup and Rabu Rabu.
Collocalia inexpectata bartelsi Stresemann
Collocalia francica bartelsi Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 46.
(Muara Wettan, north coast of western Java.)
Collocalia francica javensis Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931,
p. 89. (Cheribon, Java.)
Java and the Kangean Islands.
Collocalia inexpectata dammermani Rensch
Collocalia francica dammermani Rensch, Treubia, 13, 1931, p. 396.
(Mbura, Flores.)
Flores, and probably the entire chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands west
to Bali.
Collocalia inexpectata micans Stresemann
Collocalia fuciphaga micans Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12,
1914, p. 6. (Savu.)
Sumba, Savu and Timor.
Collocalia inexpectata pelewensis Mayr
Collocalia pelewensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3.
(Palau Islands.)
Palau Islands.
Collocalia inexpectata bartschi Mearns
Collocalia bartschi Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 36, 1909, p. 476.
(Guam. )
FAMILY APODIDAE 995
Collocalia fuciphaga tachyptera Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42,
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 20. (Guam.)
Guam and possibly other islands in the Marianne Group.
Collocalia inquieta 1} rukensis Kuroda
Collocalia fucitphaga rukensis Kuroda, Tori, 1, 1915, p. 53 (Japanese
text), p. 58, 59 (English text). (Ruk, Caroline Islands.)
Caroline Islands: Ruk [or Truk]. Birds referred to this race have been
recorded from Yap.
Collocalia inquieta ponapensis Mayr
Collocalia vanikorensis ponapensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820,
1935, p. 3. (Ponapé, Caroline Islands.)
Caroline Islands; Ponapé.
Collocalia inquieta inquieta (Kittlitz)
Cypselus inquetus Kittlitz, Denkw. Reise russ. Amer. Micron. und
Kamchat., 2, 1858, p. 26. (Ualan, Caroline Islands.)
Caroline Islands: Kusaie [or Ualan].
Collocalia vanikorensis aenigma Riley
Collocalia vestita aenigma Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918, p. 156.
(Parigi, Celebes.)
Central and southeastern Celebes.
Collocalia vanikorensis heinrichi Stresemann
Collocalia francica heinrichi Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 40, 1932, p. 110.
(Talassa, 300 metres, Celebes.)
Southern Celebes.
Collocalia vanikorensis moluccarum Stresemann
Collocalia fucitphaga moluccarum Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern,
12, 1914, p. 7. (Banda Island.)
Known definitely from Banda Island only; specimens from Morotai,
Amboina, Goram, Taam, Koor, the Kei Islands and the Sudest Islands
have been referred to this form.
Collocalia vanikorensis coultasi Mayr
Collocalia vanikorensis coultasi Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937,
p. 7. (Malai Bay, Manus, Admiralty Islands.)
Known only from the type locality.
Collocalia vanikorensis lihirensis Mayr
Collocalia vanikorensis lihirensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937,
p. 6. (Lihir Island, Lihir Group.)
1 The inquieta group may prove to be conspecific with the vanikorensis
group, fide Mayr, antea, 1937.
226 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Islands of St. Matthias, Tabar and Lihir. Some form of C. vanikorensis
occurs in the Bismarck Archipelago.
Collocalia vanikorensis waigeuensis Stresemann and Paludan
Collocalia vanikorensis waigeuensis Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool.,
38, 1932, p. 164, 168. (Waigeu.)
Island of Waigeu.
Collocalia vanikorensis steini Stresemann and Paludan
Collocalia vanikorensis stent Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38,
1932, p: 167. (Numfor.)
Island of Numfor in Geelvink Bay.
Collocalia vanikorensis granti Mayr
Collocalia vanikorensis grantt Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937,
p. 8. (Setekwa River, Dutch New Guinea.)
Lowlands of southern and eastern New Guinea; Fergusson Island.
Collocalia vanikorensis tagulae Mayr
Collocalia vanikorensis tagulae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937,
p. 7. (Tagula Island, Louisiade Archipelago.)
Louisiade Archipelago: Tagula (or Sudest) and Misima (or St. Aignan).
Some form of C. vanikorensis occurs on the Trobriand Islands.
Collocalia vanikorensis yorki Mathews
Collocalia francica yorki Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 77.
(Peak Point, Cape York.)
Cape York Peninsula.
Collocalia vanikorensis vanikorensis (Quoy and Gaimard)
Hirundo vanikorensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1,
1830, p. 206; Atlas, Ois., pl. 12, f. 3. (Island of Vanikoro.)
Solomon Islands, Reef and Duff Groups, Santa Cruz Islands, New
Hebrides, New Caledonia.
Collocalia leucophaea leucophaea (Peale)
Macropteryx leucopheus Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 178.
(Tahiti.)
Collocalia thespesia Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906,
p. 180 (in key), p. 195. (Tahiti.)
Society Islands.
Collocalia leucophaea ocista Oberholser
Collocalia ocista Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906,
p. 179 (in key), p. 184. (Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands.)
Marquesas Islands.
FAMILY APODIDAE 227
Collocalia vestita vestita (Lesson)
Salangana vestita Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, 10, 1843, p. 134.
(Sumatra.)
Southern Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Billiton.
?Collocalia vestita aerophila Oberholser
Collocalia fuciphaga aerophila Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42,
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 16. (Siaba Bay, Nias Island.)
Nias Island; Sipora (?), Simalur (?), Pagi Islands (?). Perhaps not
different from v. vestita.
?Collocalia vestita maratua Riley
Collocalia vestita maratua Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927,
p. 141. (Pulo Maratua, off northeastern Borneo.)
Borneo and small islands off the northeastern coast. Perhaps not dif-
ferent from C. v. vestita.
Collocalia vestita mearnsi Oberholser
Collocalia fuciphaga mearnsi Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42,
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 17. (Haights-in-the-Oaks, 7000 feet, near
Paoay, Benguet, Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Mindanao.
Collocalia spodiopygia sororum Stresemann
Collocalia francica sororum Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 12.
(Uru, 800 metres, west base of the Latimodjong Mountains, Celebes.)
Central, southern and southeastern Celebes.
Collocalia spodiopygia infuscata Salvadori
Collocalia infuscata Salvadori, Atti R. Accad. Sci. Torino, 15, 1880,
p. 348. (Ternate.)
Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Ternate, Halmahera.
Collocalia spodiopygia ceramensis Van Oort
Collocalia ceramensis Van Oort, Notes Leyden Mus., 34, 1911, p. 64.
(Kwalara, Ceram.)
Southern Moluccas: Ceram, Buru.
Collocalia spodiopygia eichhorni Hartert
Collocalia francica eichhorni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 31, 1924, p. 269.
(St. Matthias Island.)
Bismarck Archipelago: St. Matthias Island, New Ireland, New Britain.
Collocalia spodiopygia reichenowi Stresemann
Collocalia francica reichenowi Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 350.
(Guadalcanar.)
Solomon Islands: Guadalcanar.
228 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Collocalia spodiopygia terrae-reginae (Ramsay)
Cypselus terre-regine Ramsay, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1874 (1875),
p. 601. (Northeast coast ranges, near Cardwell, Queensland.)
Collocalia francica zoonava Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 89.
(Johnstone River, Queensland.)
Northern Queensland.
Collocalia spodiopygia leucopygia Wallace
Collocalia leucopygia Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863 (1864),
p. 384. (New Caledonia.)
Collocalia agnota Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906,
p. 179 (in key), p. 188. (New Caledonia.)
New Hebrides, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia.
Collocalia spodiopygia assimilis Stresemann
Collocalia francica assimilis Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 350.
(Fiji Islands.)
Zoonava francica oberholseri Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 253.
(Fiji Islands.) Not Collocalia esculenta oberholseri Stresemann, 1912.
Fiji Islands.
Collocalia spodiopygia townsendi Oberholser
Collocalia francica townsendi Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
58, 1906, p. 181 (in key), p. 197. (Eua Island, Tonga Islands.)
Tonga Islands.
Collocalia spodiopygia spodiopygia (Peale)
Macropteryx spodiopygius Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 176.
(Upolu and Tutuila, Samoa Islands.)
Samoa Islands.
Collocalia hirundinacea baru Stresemann and Paludan
Collocalia vanikorensis baru Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38,
1922, p. 167. (Kampong Baru, Jobi.)
Known only from the type locality.
Collocalia hirundinacea hirundinacea Stresemann
Collocalia fuciphaga hirundinacea Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern,
12, May, 1914, p. 7. (Upper Utakwa River, southern Snow Moun-
tains, New Guinea.)
Collocalia fuciphaga pseudovestita Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89A,
1923, Heft 8, p. 27. (Friedrich Wilhelms Hafen, New Guinea.)
Collocalia fuciphaga mayri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 36, 1930, p. 93. (Siwi,
Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.)
New Guinea (except higher altitudes of the Snow Mountains); Dampier
Island; Goodenough Island.
FAMILY APODIDAE 229
Collocalia hirundinacea excelsa Ogilvie-Grant
Collocalia hirundinacea excelsa Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35,
1914, p. 34. (Utakwa River, 8000 feet, New Guinea.)
Known only from the type locality, but probably occurs throughout
the higher altitudes of the Snow Mountains.
Collocalia troglodytes G. R. Gray
Collocalia troglodytes G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 1, 1845, p. [55] (nomen
nudum), col. pl. XIX. (No locality = Philippine Islands.)
Philippine Islands generally, including Palawan; not recorded from the
islands lying southwest of Basilan Strait.
Collocalia marginata Salvadori
Collocalia marginata Salvadori, Atti R. Accad. Sci. Torino, 17, March,
1882, p. 448. (Cebu.)
Collocalia cebuensis Kutter, Journ. f. Orn., 30, April, 1882, p. 171.
(Cebu.)
Philippine Islands: Babuyan, Calayan, Camiguin (north), Luzon,
Polillo, Mindoro, Banton, Tablas, Sibuyan, Masbate, Cebu, Bohol,
Palawan.
Collocalia esculenta affinis Beavan
Collocalia affinis ‘Tytler’ Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 318. (Port Blair,
South Andaman Island.)
Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Collocalia esculenta elachyptera Oberholser
Collocalia linchi elachyptera Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
58, 1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 207. (Bentinck Island, Mergui Archi-
pelago.)
Mergui Archipelago; Peninsular Siam (?).
Collocalia esculenta cyanoptila Oberholser
Collocalia linchi cyanoptila Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.,
58, 1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 205. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.)
Malay States, Lingga Archipelago, eastern Sumatra (?), Billiton,
Natuna Islands and lowlands of Borneo.
Collocalia esculenta oberholseri Stresemann
Collocalia linchi oberholseri Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 348.
(North Pagi Island.)
Western Sumatra, Nias Island, Mentawi Islands.
Collocalia esculenta linchi Horsfield and Moore
Collocalia linchi Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Bds. Mus. Hon. East-India
Co., 1, 1854, p. 100. (Java.)
230 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Southeastern Sumatra (?); Java, Bali, Lombok, Kangean Islands,
Bawean Islands.
Collocalia esculenta natalis Lister
Collocalia natalis Lister, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888 (1889), p. 520.
(Christmas Island, Indian Ocean.)
Confined to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean.
Collocalia esculenta dodgei Richmond
Collocalia dodget Richmond, Smiths. Mise. Coll. (Quart. Issue), 47,
1905, p. 481. (Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo.)
Mountains of northern Borneo and of Sumatra (Korinchi Peak).
Collocalia esculenta isonota Oberholser
Collocalia linchi tsonota Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58,
1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 208. (Irisan, Benguet, Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao, Bongao.
?Collocalia esculenta bagobo Hachisuka
Collocalia esculenta bagobo Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ.
no. 14, 1930, p. 173. (Apo Lake, 800 [1.e. 8000] feet, Mt. Apo.)
Alpine summits of Mount Apo, Mindanao.
Collocalia esculenta sumbawae Stresemann
Collocalia esculenta sumbawae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12,
1925, p. 189, note 2. (Tambora, 3000 feet, Sumbawa.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba.
Collocalia esculenta minuta Stresemann
Collocalia esculenta minuta Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12,
1925, p. 189, note 3. (Kalao.)
Islands of Djampea and Kalao in the Flores Sea.
Collocalia esculenta neglecta G. R. Gray
Collocalia neglecta G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), 17, 1866,
p. 121. (Timor.)
Lesser Sunda Islands: Alor, Savu, Timor, Wetar, Kisar, Damar.
Collocalia esculenta esculenta (Linné)
Hirundo esculenta Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 191. (China,
error = Amboina.)
Collocalia nitens Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1914, p. 35.
(Utakwa River, 2900 feet, New Guinea.)
FAMILY APODIDAE 231
Celebes, Moluccas, Western Papuan Islands, islands in Geelvink Bay,
all New Guinea, Aru Islands, D’Entrecasteaux and Louisiade Archi-
pelagos. Erroneously recorded from Australia.
Collocalia esculenta erwini Collin and Hartert
Collocalia esculenta maxima Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1914,
p. 35. (Utakwa River, 8000 feet, New Guinea.)
Collocalia esculenta erwini Collin and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1927, p. 50.
New name for C. e. maxima Ogilvie-Grant, invalid by reason of
Collocalia maxima ‘“Hume’”’ Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892,
p. 503, ex Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 223, where a nomen nudum
in synonymy of C. innominata.
High mountains of southern New Guinea.
Collocalia esculenta stresemanni Rothschild and Hartert
Collocalia esculenta stresemanni Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool.,
21, 1914, p. 293. (Manus, Admiralty Islands.)
Collocalia uropygialis heinrothi Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 27, 1919,
p. 110. (Nusa Island, off New Ireland.)
Collocalia esculenta tametamele Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern,
no. 5, 1921, p. 37. (Ralum, Gazelle Peninsula, New Britain.)
Admiralty Islands and the Bismarck Archipelago.
Collocalia esculenta becki Mayr
Collocalia esculenta becki Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931, p. 16.
(Florida Island, Solomon Islands.)
Northern and central Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Shortland,
Choiseul, Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Ysabel, Florida, Pavuvu, Teti-
pari, Guadalcanar, Bagga.
Collocalia esculenta makirensis Mayr
Collocalia esculenta makirensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931,
p. 15. (San Cristobal Island, Solomon Islands.)
Solomon Islands: San Cristobal.
Collocalia esculenta desiderata Mayr
Collocalia esculenta desiderata Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931,
p. 15. (Rennell Island.)
Rennell Island.
Collocalia esculenta uropygialis G. R. Gray
Collocakia uropygialis G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), 17,
1866, p. 123. (Aneiteum, New Hebrides.)
New Caledonia and New Hebrides.
932 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Grnus HIRUND-APUS Hopcson
Hirund-apus Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836 (1837), p. 780.
Type, by original designation and monotypy, Cypselus (Chaetura)
nudipes Hodgson.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 340-344.
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 72-73 (Chaetura, part,
species 1-5 incl.).
Id., Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 848-844.
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 3857-359 (excluding
Chaetura picina).
Hirund-apus caudacutus caudacutus (Latham)
Hirundo caudacuta Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lvii. (New
Holland = New South Wales, apud Mathews.)
Hirundapus caudacutus caudacutus var. uchidai Ishizawa, Annot. Orn.
Orient., 1, 1928, p. 145, 146, pl. 4, fig. 1. (Nikko, Province of Simot-
suke, Hondo, Japan.)
Breeds in Siberia from Jakutsk on the upper Lena and Lake Baikal,
east to the mouth of the Amur River, Ussuriland and Korea, in recent
years extending into southwestern Siberia to Tomsk, south to Mongolia
and Manchuria; Sakhalin, Kurile Islands, Hokkaido and Hondo. Migrates
through eastern China, winters in Australia and Tasmania. Occasional in
Europe.
Hirund-apus caudacutus nudipes (Hodgson)
Cypselus (Chetura) nudipes Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836
(1837), p. 779. (Nepal.)
The Himalayas from Hazara to western Yunnan and western Szechuan;
hills of Cachar, Sylhet and Manipur; recorded from Cambodia.
Hirund-apus caudacutus formosanus (Yamashina)
Chaetura caudacuta formosana Yamashina, Orn. Monatsb., 44, 1936,
p. 90. (Arisan, Formosa.)
Formosa.
Hirund-apus (caudacutus?) cochinchinensis (Oustalet)
Chetura cochinchinensis Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878,
p. 52. (Saigon, Cochinchina.)
Khasia Hills, Cachar, Manipur, Malay States, Indochina, Sumatra,
Java.!
1 This is almost certainly a subspecies of H. c. caudacutus, differing in aver-
age smaller size, in having the chin and throat gray instead of white and
general coloration deeper; both nudipes and cochinchinensis are recorded from
the hills of northern Burma and nudipes has been taken in Cambodia. It is
my belief that it will eventually be shown that in certain areas in southeast-
FAMILY APODIDAE 235
Hirund-apus giganteus indicus (Hume)
Chetura indica Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 471.
(Andaman Islands and southern India.)
Assam, Cachar, Sylhet, Manipur, Burma, Siam, Indochina; Indian
Peninsula from North Kanara southward; Andaman Islands.
Hirund-apus giganteus giganteus (Temminck)
Cypselus giganteus ‘“V. Hass.”” Temminck, PI. col., livr. 61, 1825, pl.
364. (Bantam, Java.)
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Java, Borneo, North
Natuna Islands; islands of the Palawan group, Philippines.
?Hirund-apus giganteus dubius (McGregor)
Chetura dubia McGregor, Bureau Govt. Labs., Manila, no. 34, 1905,
p. 15, pl. 12. (Mindoro.)
Status uncertain; birds closely related to if not identical with H. g.
celebensis have been taken on Luzon, Mindoro, Negros, Mindanao and
Basilan.?
Hirund-apus giganteus celebensis (Sclater)
Chetura gigantea var. celebensis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865,
p. 608 in text. (Menado, Celebes.)
Northern Celebes.
Hirund-apus ernsti (M. Bartels jr.)
Chaetura ernsti M. Bartels jr., Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 54. (Halimoen
Mts., western Java.)
Known only from the unique type.?
GENUS STREPTOPROCNE OBERHOLSER
Streptoprocne Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 69. Type,
by original designation, Hirundo zonaris Shaw.
cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 604-606.
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 696-702 (ex-
cluding semicollaris).
ern Asia Hirund-apus caudacutus tends to populations producing ‘‘melanistic
mutants” to a greater or less degree, and that the taxonomic difference
between nudipes and cochinchinensis will resolve itself entirely into a question
of size.
1 Cf: Riley, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 64, 1924, p. 56. McGregor and Manuel,
Phil. Journ. Sci., 59, 1936, p. 323-324.
2 Probably a race of giganteus, but until more is known of its distribution, is
better regarded as a distinct species.
234 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Streptoprocne zonaris mexicana Ridgway
Streptoprocne zonaris mexicana Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23,
1910, p. 53. (Rio Seco, near Cérdova, Vera Cruz.)
Southern Mexico from Guerrero and Vera Cruz southward through the
highlands of Guatemala to El Salvador and British Honduras.
Streptoprocne zonaris pallidifrons (Hartert)
Chetura zonaris pallidifrons Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 368. (Jamaica, type
from Ferry River, St. Catherine.)
Streptoprocne zonaris melanotis Peters, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl.,
6, 1916, p. 37. (Sostia, Dominican Republic.)
Greater Antilles: Cuba, Isle of Pines, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Tortuga.
Streptoprocne zonaris albicincta (Cabanis)
Hemiprocne albicincta Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 165. (Guiana
to Mexico.)
Streptoprocne zonaris bouchellit Huber, Auk, 40, 1923, p. 302. (Eden,
lat. 14° N., long. 84° 26’ W., Nicaragua.)
Central America from Honduras to Panama, and northern South
America, south to Peru and northern Matto Grosso and east to British
Guiana; the upper Rio Negro region of Brazil; islands of Grenada and
Trinidad.
Streptoprocne zonaris altissima Chapman
Streptoprocne zonaris altissima Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
33, 1914, p. 604. (Laguneta, 10,300 feet, near Quindio Pass, Central
Andes, Colombia.)
Temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador.
Streptoprocne zonaris zonaris (Shaw)
Hirundo zonaris Shaw, in J. F. Miller’s Cimelia Physica, 1796, p. 100,
pl. 55. (No locality, but assumed to be Brazil, restricted to Chapada,
Matto Grosso by Chapman, antea, p. 605, a very improbable local-
ity.) }
Brazil in states of Matto Grosso, Minas Geraés, Rio de Janeiro, Sao
Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul; Bolivia, western Argentina. ~
Streptoprocne biscutata (Sclater)
Chetura biscutata Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 609, pl. 34.
(Rio de Janeiro and Ypanema, Sao Paulo, Brazil.)
Eastern Brazil from southern Piauhy to Rio Grande do Sul.
1 Cf. Naumburg, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 60, 1930, p. 142, note.
FAMILY APODIDAE 235
Grenus AERORNIS W. Bertoni
Aérornis W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 66. Type,
by monotypy, Aérornis niveifrons W. Bertoni = Cypselus senex
Temminck.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 80 (Cypseloides, part,
species no. 5).
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 702-703
(Streptoprocne semicollaris).
Aérornis senex (Temminck)
Cypselus senex Temminck, PI. col., livr. 67, 1826, pl. 397. (Brazil.)
Chaetura major Bertoni, Rev. de Agronomia, 2, 1900, p. 58. (Paraguay.)
Aérornis niveifrons W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901,
p. 66. (Alto Paranda, lat. 25° 40’S., Paraguay.)
Brazil in states of Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; Paraguay; north-
eastern Argentina in Territory of Misiones.
Aérornis semicollaris (DeSaussure)
Acanthylis semicollaris DeSaussure, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 11, 1859,
p. 118. (Great forests of Mexico = San Joaquin, near City of
Mexico.)
Central Mexico in states of Chihuahua, Hidalgo and Mexico.!
Genus CHAETURA STEPHENS
Chetura Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, pt. 2, 1826, p. 76. Type,
by subsequent designation, Chaetura pelasgia Stevens [sic] = Hirundo
pelagica Linné. (Swainson, Zool. Illustr. (2), 1, 1829, text to pl. 42.)
Rhaphidura Oates, Bds. Burma, 2, 1883, p. 6. Type, by monotypy,
Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth.
Telacanthura Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original
designation, Chaetura usshert Sharpe.
Alterapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original
designation, Chaetura sabini J. E. Gray.
1 It is not possible to include this species in Streptoprocne, since it has none
of the external characters (emarginate tail and feathered anterior surface of
tarsus at proximal end) relied on to separate Streptoprocne from Chaetura.
C. senezx is certainly out of place in Cypseloides; it has the tail of a Chaetura,
but the feet are relatively much stouter and the hind toe longer and stronger
than in that genus. On the whole the wisest course is to utilize the generic
name Aérornis for these two species. The peculiar structure of the tendons of
the foot of Sireptoprocne zonaris has been pointed out by Lucas, Auk, 16, 1899,
p. 77-78. What other species of Apodidae possess a similar structure is not
known. If it can be shown that Aérornis and Hirund-apus possess a foot
structure similar to that of Streptoprocne, a union of the three genera would
probably be best.
236 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Indicapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 265. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Acanthylis sylvatica Tickell.
Cheturellus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 267. Type, by original
designation, Hirundo rutila Vieillot.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 344-346.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 199-204.
Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 8, 1908, p. 144-161 (South Ameri-
can forms).
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p: 715-729.
Chaetura chapmani chapmani Hellmayr
Chetura chapmani Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 62.
(Caparo, Trinidad.)
Cayenne; Island of Trinidad.
Chaetura chapmani viridipennis Cherrie
Chetura chapmani viridipennis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35,
1916, p. 188. (Doze Outubre, Matto Grosso.) }
Known only from the unique type, collected on the Rio Doze do
Outubre, affluent of the Ike which in turn flows into the Juruena, central
Matto Grosso.
Chaetura pelagica (Linné)
Hirundo Pelagica Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (America,
z.e. South Carolina.)
Breeds from central Alberta, southeastern Saskatchewan, Manitoba,
southern Quebec and Newfoundland, south to the Gulf Coast and Florida
and west to east-central Montana and eastern Texas. Winter range
unknown, presumably in Amazonian South America, recorded on migra-
tion in Mexico, Central America and Hispaniola.
Chaetura vauxi (J. K. Townsend)
Cypcelus [sic] Vauai J. K. Townsend, Narr. Journ. Rocky Mts., etc.,
1839, p. 348. (Columbia River = Fort Vancouver, Washington.)
Breeds from southeastern Alaska and central British Columbia to the
Santa Cruz Mountains, California, principally west of the Cascades and
the Sierra Nevada, occasionally to Montana and Nevada. Winters in
Central America south to Guatemala.
Chaetura richmondi richmondi Ridgway
Chetura richmondi Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, 1910, p. 53.
(Guayabo, Costa Rica.)
Southern and southeastern Mexico from Oaxaca and Tamaulipas south
over Central America to Costa Rica.
1 For note on status and characters see Naumburg, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat.
Hist., 60, 1930, p. 144-145.
FAMILY APODIDAE 937
Chaetura richmondi ochropygia Aldrich
Chaetura vauxi ochropygia Aldrich, Sci. Publ. Cleveland Mus. Nat.
Hist., 7, 1937, p. 68. (Paracoté, Montijo Bay, Veraguas, Panama.)
Known only from the Azuero Peninsula, Panama.
Chaetura gaumeri Lawrence
Chetura Gaumeri Lawrence, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 2, 1882, p. 245.
(Yucatan.)
Yucatan Peninsula and Cozumel Island.
Chaetura leucopygialis (Blyth)
Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, 1849, p. 809.
(Penang.)
Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra,
Java, Borneo and the North Natuna Islands.
Chaetura sabini J. E. Gray
Chetura Sabini J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s Anim. Kingd., 7, 1829, p. 70.
(Africa, = Sierra Leone.)
Chetura sabini ogowensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 69.
(Lake Onange, Ogowe River, Gaboon.)
Sierra Leone; Cameroon to Gaboon and eastward across the equatorial
forest to the Semliki valley; Fernando Po.
Chaetura thomensis Hartert
Chetura thomensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. 53. (Ped-
roma, S40 Thomé.)
Confined to the Island of SAo Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea.
Chaetura sylvatica (Tickell)
Acanthylis sylvatica Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 284.
(Central India, restricted to Maunbhum by Whistler and Kinnear,
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 33.)
Of local occurrence in India and Burma as follows: Garhwal and Sikkim;
Bengal south of the Godavery and west to Wyne Gunga; Seoni in the
Central Provinces; southwestern India from the Wynaad to Travancore;
Cachar and Sylhet.
Chaetura nubicola Brodkorb
Chetura nubicola Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., no.
369, 1938, p.1. (Mount Ovando, 2000 metres, Chiapas.)
Known only from the unique type.!
1 Specimen not examined; position provisional.
238 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Chaetura cinereiventris phaeopygos Hellmayr
Chetura cinereiventris pheopygos Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16,
1906, p. 838. (Carillo, Costa Rica.)
Caribbean slope of Central America from the Rio Escondido, Nicaragua
to Almirante Bay, Panama.
Chaetura cinereiventris lawrencei Ridgway
Chetura lawrencei Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 1893, p. 43.
(Grenada, West Indies.)
Islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago.
Chaetura cinereiventris schistacea Todd .
Cheetura cinereiventris schistacea Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937,
p. 183. (La Colorada, Boyaca, Colombia.)
Known only from eastern Colombia in State of Boyaca and western
Venezuela in State of Mérida.
Chaetura cinereiventris guianensis Hartert
[Chetura cinereiventris] Subsp. a Chetura guianensis Hartert, Cat. Bds.
Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 486. (Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad and
Grenada; type locality restricted to Merumé Mountains, British
Guiana by Hellmayr, antea, p. 155.)
Mountains of British Guiana and eastern Venezuela: Merumé Mts.,
Mt. Roraima.
Chaetura cinereiventris occidentalis Berlepsch and Taczanowski
Chetura sclateri occidentalis Berlepsch and Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc.
London, 1883 (1884), p. 569. (Chimbo, Ecuador.)
Western Colombia and western Ecuador.
Chaetura cinereiventris sclateri Pelzeln
Chetura Sclateri Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 1, 1868, p. 16, 56. (Borba,
Rio Madeira.)
Upper Amazonia: southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, north-
eastern Peru and western Brazil.
Chaetura cinereiventris egregia Todd
Chetura egregia Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, 1916, p. 97. (Rio
Surutu, Bolivia.)
Known only from the unique type.
Chaetura cinereiventris cinereiventris Sclater
Chetura cinereiventris Sclater, Cat. Coll. Am. Bds., 1862, p. 283. New
name to replace Cypselus acutus Wied, 1830 and Acanthylis spinicauda
Burmeister, 1856, both preoccupied. (Bahia.)
Eastern Brazil in states of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro.
FAMILY APODIDAE 239
Chaetura spinicauda fumosa Salvin
Chetura fumosa Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 204. (Bogaba,
Chiriquf.)
Western Costa Rica, Panama and northern Colombia.
Chaetura spinicauda spinicauda (Temminck)
Cypselus spinicaudus Temminck, Table méth. Pl. col., 1839, p. 57.
(Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 726, f. 1.)
Eastern Venezuela and the Guianas south to Brazil north of the Amazon.
Chaetura spinicauda aethalea Todd
Chetura spinicauda xthalea Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937,
p: 183. (Benevides, Pard, Brazil.)
Northern Brazil south of the Amazon from the Madeira (?) and the
Tapajéz to Para.
Chaetura martinica (Hermann)
Hirundo martinica Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 229. (Mar-
tinique, West Indies.)
Hirundo acuta Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1023. (Martinique.)
Lesser Antilles: Guadaloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia and St.
Vincent (?).
Chaetura ! rutila ? griseifrons (Nelson)
Cypselus brunneitorques griseifrons Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 262.
(Santa Teresa, Nayarit, Mexico.)
Western Mexico in states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Durango and Zacatecas.
Chaetura rutila brunnitorques Lafresnaye
Chetura brunnitorques Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 81. (Colombia.)
Southeastern Mexico from Mexico and Vera Cruz southward through
Central America, Colombia and Ecuador to Peru.
Chaetura rutila rutila (Vieillot)
Hirundo rutila Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 14, 1817, p. 528.
(Locality unknown = Guiana.)
The Guianas; Island of Trinidad.
Chaetura ussheri ussheri Sharpe
Chetura ussheri Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 483. (Fort Victoria, Gold Coast.)
1 The rutila-brunnitorques group of swifts has hitherto been placed in
Cypseloides, but I believe is best removed to Chaetura, since it more closely
resembles the members of that genus than it does the type species of Cyp-
seloides.
2 Chaetura rutila and Chaetura brunnitorques are clearly conspecific.
240 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Chaetura ussheri senegalensis Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 182.
(Thiés, Senegal.)
Senegal to northern Nigeria.
Chaetura ussheri sharpei Neumann
Chetura ussheri sharpet Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 57.
(Efulen, Cameroon.)
Southern Cameroon to Lake Albert, south to the Kasai district.
Chaetura ussheri stictilaema (Reichenow)
Cypselus stictilaemus Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 1879, p. 114. (Ualimi,
Tana River, Kenya Colony.)
East Africa from the Mara River to the Zambesi.
Chaetura ussheri marwitzi Reichenow
Chaetura stictilaema marwitzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906,
p. 171. (Mkalama, Tanganyika Territory.)
Wembere desert region in central Tanganyika Territory.
Chaetura ussheri benguellensis Neumann
Chetura ussheri benguellensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908,
p. 57. (Blasbalk Fontein, Angola.)
Angola.
Chaetura andrei andrei Berlepsch and Hartert
Chaetura andrei Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 91.
(Caicara, Orinoco River, Venezuela.)
Orinoco Valley in central Venezuela.
Chaetura andrei meridionalis Hellmayr
Chetura andrei meridionalis Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907,
p. 63. (State of Santiago del Estero, Argentina.)
Brazil in states of Piauhy, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Sio Paulo and Matto
Grosso; Paraguayan Chaco; Argentina in states of Misiones, Santa Fé,
Santiago del Estero and Tucumdn; recorded} from Santa Marta region
of northern Colombia, and from Panama ? where perhaps a winter visitor.
Chaetura melanopygia Chapin
Chetura melanopygia Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915,
p. 509. (Avakubi, Ituri District, Belgian Congo.)
Known only from the Ituri Forest.
Chaetura brachyura praevelox Bangs and Penard
Chaetura brachyura praevelox Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl.,
62, 1918, p. 60. (Chateaubelair, Saint Vincent, Lesser Antilles.)
1 Darlington, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 71, 1931, p. 391-392.
2 Rogers, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 82.
FAMILY APODIDAE Q4]
Lesser Antilles: Saint Vincent; the birds recorded from Grenada are
presumably of this race.
Chaetura brachyura brachyura (Jardine)
Acanthylis brachyura Jardine, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 18, 1846,
p. 120. (Tobago.)
Eastern Venezuela and the Guianas, south through eastern Ecuador
to eastern Peru and to Matto Grosso and Pard; islands of Trinidad and
Tobago.
GEeNus ZOONAVENA MatTHEews
Zoonavena Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 265. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Chaetura grandidiert Schlegel, 7.e. Ver-
reaux.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 78. (Chaetura, part,
species no. 27.)
Zoonavena grandidieri (J. Verreaux)
Chetura grandidiert J. Verreaux! Nouv. Arch. du Mus. Hist. Nat.
Paris, 3, 1867, Bull., p. 3, pl. 1.2. (Mandrisi, eastern side of Mada-
gascar.)
Madagascar.
GreNus MEARNSIA RipGway
Mearnsia Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 686
(in key and note e). Type, by original designation, Chaetura picina
Tweeddale.
Neafrapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original
designation, Chaetura cassini Sclater.
Papuanapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 266. Type, by mon-
otypy, Chaetura novaeguineae D’Albertis and Salvadori.
Notafrapus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 218. Type, by
original designation, Notafrapus sheppardi Roberts = Chaetura
boehmi Schalow.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 70-78 (part, Chaetura,
species 19, 20, 22, 23, 26).
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 8359-360.
Reichenow, Voég. Afr., 2, pt. 2, 1903, p. 387-388 (part, Chaetura,
species 932, 933).
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A., 1923, Heft 8, p. 26-27.
1 Chaetura grandidieri ‘‘Verreaux’’ Schlegel, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866
(March, 1867), p. 421, is a nomen nudum.
2 The plate is lettered Choetura [sic] Grandidieri.
242 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Mearnsia picina (Tweeddale)
Chetura picina Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879),
p. 944, pl. 59. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands: Leyte, Cebu, Mindanao.
Mearnsia novaeguineae mamberana (Neumann)
Chaetura novae-guinea mamberana Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 25, 1917,
p. 153. (Teba, Mamberano River, New Guinea.)
Mouth of the Mamberano River, New Guinea.
Mearnsia novaeguineae biirgersi (Reichenow)
Chaetura biirgerst Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 65, 1917, p. 514. (Malu,
Sepik River, New Guinea.)
Known only from the type locality.
Mearnsia novaeguineae novaeguineae (D’Albertis and Salvadori)
Chaetura novaeguineae D’Albertis and Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova,
14, 1879, p. 55. (Fly River, New Guinea.)
r Southern New Guinea from the Mimika River to the Port Moresby
istrict.
Mearnsia cassini (Sclater)
Chetura cassini Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 205, pl. 14,
f. 2.1 (Gaboon.)
Chaetura brevicauda Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 159. (Bi-
pindi, Cameroon.)
Southern Cameroon, Gaboon and Portuguese Congo, extending across
the northern and central parts of the Congo to the Ituri district; Fernando
Po.
Mearnsia béhmi (Schalow)
Chaetura Béhmi Schalow, Orn. Centralbl., 7, 1882, p. 183. (Rakowa,
1.e. Kakoma, Tanganyika Territory.)
Chaetura Anchietae Sousa, Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. e Nat., Acad. Real
Sci. Lisboa, 12, 1887, p. 93, 105. (Quissange, Benguella.)
Notafrapus sheppard: Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 218.
(Beira, Portuguese East Africa.)
Northern Angola eastward to western Tanganyika Territory (Ugalla
River) and south to Benguella and the coast of Portuguese East Africa at
Beira.
Grenus CYPSELOIDES StrREvuBEL
Cypseloides Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 366. Type, by subse-
quent designation, Hemiprocne fumigata Streubel. (Sclater, Proc.
Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 614.)
1 The plate is lettered cassinti.
FAMILY APODIDAE 243
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 78-80 (part, species
4 and 6).
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 714.
Cypseloides cherriei Ridgway
Cypseloides cherriet Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 1893, p. 44.
(Voledn de Irazi, Costa Rica.)
Confined to the Vole4én de Irazi in Costa Rica.
Cypseloides fumigatus (Streubel)
Hemiprocne fumigata Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 366. (Brazil,
ex Natterer, MS.)
Exact distribution uncertain; known from eastern Panama, eastern
Ecuador, western Peru and Brazil in states of Rio de Janeiro, Sio Paulo
and Paranda.
Cypseloides major Rothschild
Cypseloides fumigatus major Rothschild,! Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1931,
p. 36. (Tucumdn, Argentina.)
Northwestern Argentina in states of Salta, Tucumdn and Santiago del
Estero; southern Bolivia (?).
Genus NEPHOECETES Barrp
Nephoecetes Baird, in Baird, Cassin and Lawrence, Rept. Expl. and
Surv. R. R. Pacific, 9, 1858, p. xviil, xxix. (Nephocaetes, p. 140, 142.)
Type, by monotypy, Hirundo nigra Gmelin.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 703-710.
Nephoecetes niger borealis (Kennerly)
Cypselus borealis Kennerly, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1857 (1858),
p. 202. (Simiahmoo Bay, Puget Sound, Washington.)
Breeds from southeastern Alaska and British Columbia south to Cali-
fornia and southern Mexico, eastward to Colorado and New Mexico.
Winters in Mexico; recorded on migration from Lower California.
Nephoecetes niger costaricensis (Ridgway)
Cypseloides niger costaricensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23,
1910, p. 53. (San José, Costa Rica.)
Highlands of Central America from Honduras to Costa Rica.
Nephoecetes niger niger (Gmelin)
Hirundo nigra Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1025. (Hispaniola.)
Cypseloides niger jamaicensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23,
1910, p. 58. (Mayfield, St. Andrews, Jamaica.)
1 Cf. Rogers, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 83, for a discussion of the specific distinctness
of this bird.
Q44 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Nephoecetes niger guadeloupensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ.,
Zool. Ser., 12, pt. 2, no. 1, 1918, p. 148, note. (Guadeloupe, Lesser
Antilles.)
West Indies: recorded from Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico,
St. Croix, Guadeloupe, Dominica, St. Lucia and St. Vincent. Migra-
tory (?). All West Indian records are between April and September.
Recorded from the Island of Trinidad, and Merumé Mts., British Guiana.
SuBFAMILY APODINAE
Genus APUS Scopo.i
Apus Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat., 1777, p. 483. Type, by tautonymy,
Hirundo apus Linné.}
Tachymarptis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p./216. Type,
by original designation, Hirundo melba Linné.
Caffrapus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p: 217, Type, by
original designation, Cypselus caffer Lichtenstein.
Epicypselus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 217. Type, by
original designation, Cypselus horus Heuglin.
Colletoptera Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 217. Type, by
original designation, Cypselus affinis Gray.
Tetragonopyga Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1932, p. 72. Type,
by original designation, Cypselus affinis Gray.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 323-335.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 181-195.
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 49-51
(identity of types of African species).
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 83-89.
Id., Vg. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 834-843; 3, 1921, p. 2179-2181
(revision of Apus); Nachtrag 1, 1923, p. 63.
Id., Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 364-366 (races of affinis).
Id. and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 4, 1935,
p. 353-356.
Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 19, 19382, p. 242-
245 (races of andecolus).
Meinertzhagen, Ibis, 1922, p. 34-43.
Apus melba melba (Linné)
Hirundo Melba Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (Gibraltar.)
Breeds in southeastern Europe north to the Pyrenees and the Alps;
Asia Minor, the Crimea, the Caucasus, Transcaspia, Turkestan, Balu-
1 Not preoccupied by Apos Scopoli, 1777, Crustacea. Replaces Cypselus
Illiger, 1811, of Sharpe’s Hand-list and Micropus Meyer and Wolf, 1810, of
many recent authors.
FAMILY APODIDAE Q45
chistan and the Himalayas. Winter quarters not well known, but recorded
from Arabia, Uganda, and Damaraland and as a migrant in the Algerian
Sahara.
Apus melba tuneti Tschusi
Apus melba tuneti Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 123. (Tunis.)
Apus melba petrensis Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911, p. 195.
(Jordan Valley, Palestine.)
Northern Africa, Crete (and probably other islands in the eastern Medi-
terranean); Palestine east to Persia.
Apus melba archeri Hartert
Apus melba archeri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 363. (Hargeisa,
4000 feet, Somaliland.)
Resident in the mountains of British Somaliland.
Apus melba striatus (Meinertzhagen)
Micropus melba striatus Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937,
p. 69. (Nanyuki, 6900 feet, lower slopes of northwestern Mount
Kenya.)
Known only from the unique type.
Apus melba maximus (Ogilvie-Grant)
Cypselus maximus Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 56.
(Eastern slopes of Mount Ruwenzori, 10,000—12,000 feet.)
Resident on Mount Ruwenzori above 13,000 feet.
Apus melba africanus (Temminck)
Cypselus alpinus africanus Temminck, Man. d’Orn., 1815, p. 270.
(South Africa.)
Mountains of southern Africa, north to Kilimanjaro on the east; the
Ethiopian specimens may be referable here.
?PApus melba marjoriae (Bradfield)
Micropus Melba Marjoriae Bradfield, Descr. new races Kalahari Birds
and Mammals, 1935, p. 1-2. (Quickborn, Damaraland.)!
Range and status undetermined.
Apus melba willsi (Hartert)
Micropus willst Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 231. (East Imerina,
Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
1 Original not seen. This privately printed paper was reprinted in the Auk,
53, 1936, p. 131-132.
246 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Apus melba bakeri Hartert
Apus melba baker: Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 363. (Catton
Estate, 4500 feet, Ceylon.)
Southern India and Ceylon.
Apus aequatorialis aequatorialis (von Miiller)
Cypselus aequatorialis von Miller, Naumannia, 1851, Heft 4, p. 27.
(Ethiopia.)
Cypselus alfredi Shelley, Bds. Afr., 2, 1900, p. 345. (Mbaro, Nyasaland.)
Mountains of Ethiopia, southward through the mountainous parts of
Uganda and Kenya Colony to Angola, Nyasaland and Mashonaland.
Apus aequatorialis furensis (Lynes)
Micropus xquatorialis furensts Lynes, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920,
p. 34. (El Fasher, Darfur.)
The Jebel Marra in northern and central Darfur.
PApus aequatorialis schubotzi Reichenow
Apus schubotzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 161. (Ronssoro,
4000 metres, western slope of Mount Ruwenzori.)
Known only from Mount Ruwenzori. Doubtfully distinct from A. a.
aequatorialis.
Apus aequatorialis lowei (Bannerman)
Micropus xquatorialis lowet Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920,
p: 2. (Mahera, Rokelle River, Sierra Leone.)
Sierre Leone, where known only from the type locality; actual breeding
place not known.
Apus aequatorialis bradfieldi (Roberts)
Micropus bradfieldi Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 11, 1926, p. 221.
(Quickborn, north of Okahandja, South-West African Protectorate.)
South-West Africa.
Apus reichenowi Neumann
Apus reichenowit Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 57. (Donje
[v.e. Doinyo] Erok.)
Known only from the type locality in Kenya Colony.!
Apus apus apus (Linné)
Hirundo Apus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (Europe; re-
stricted type locality, Sweden.)
1 Formerly regarded as a not too distinct race of aequatorialis, it is in reality
a distinct species, fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 68,
1937, p. 51, and as first pointed out in the original description.
FAMILY APODIDAE Q47
Apus apus kollibayi Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 13, 1902, p. 234. (Vallegrande,
Curzola Island, Dalmatia.)
Apus apus carlo Kollibay, Journ. f. Orn., 53, 1905, p. 302. (Camp de
la Santé, Thalah, Seggi and Bir Mrabat, Tunisia.)
Breeds in all of Europe and parts of western and central Asia, north to
lat. 70° N. in Scandinavia, to 59° on the Irtysh and at least to 57° on the
Yenessei; east to the northern end of Lake Baikal and south to the Medi-
terranean Sea and northern Africa, Transcaucasia, the Altai and north-
western Mongolia. Winters in Africa south to Cape Province.
Apus apus pekinensis (Swinhoe)
Cypselus pekinensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 485.
(Pekin, China.)
Apus apus marwitzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 171.
(Mkalama, Tanganyika Territory.)
Apus apus kalaharicus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 81.
(Kalahari Desert, South Africa.)
Apus apus turkestanensis Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 142, 148.
(Russian Turkestan and Bokhara.)
Breeds in Cyprus, Asia Minor, Persia, Turkestan, northwestern Mon-
golia and southern Manchuria, south to Palestine, Baluchistan, the
Himalayas, Kansu and Chihli. Winters in India and in eastern Africa
from the White Nile to the Kalahari Desert and the Transvaal.
Apus apus niansae (Reichenow)
Cypselus Niansae Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 61. (Kagehi,
Lake Victoria.) !
Cypselus shelleyi Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 26, 1888, p. 227.
(Dembi, Shoa.)
Apus roehli Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 172. (Usambara,
Tanganyika Territory.)
Apus nakuruensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 58.
(Nakuru, Kenya Colony.)
Resident from northern Ethiopia southward through the interior of
Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory to Nyasaland.
Apus apus barbatus (P. L. Sclater)
Cypselus barbatus P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 599,
ex Temminck, MS. (South Africa; the type is from Cape Province,
fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 49.)
Apus kittenbergeri Madardsz, Arch. Zool. Budapest, 1, 1910, p. 177.
(Ngare Dowash.)
1 According to Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 50, niansae and
shelleyi are identical; the same authorities consider niansae as specifically
distinct from apus.
248 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Micropus apus lawsone Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, p. 240.
(Palombe, 2300 feet, lat. 15° 50’S., long. 35° 40’ E., Nyasaland.)
Resident in western Transvaal, Natal, Cape Province and southern
Nyasaland; straggler (?) to the interior of Kenya Colony.
Apus apus balstoni (Bartlett)
Cypselus balstoni Bartlett, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879 (1880), Pp. 770.
(Betsileo, Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
Apus apus mayottensis (Nicoll)
Cypselus mayottensis Nicoll, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 104.
(Mayotte Island, Comoro Group.)
Confined to Mayotte Island.
Apus sladeniae (Ogilvie-Grant)
Cypselus sladenix Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 56.
(Fishtown, Fernando Po.)
Apus melanonotus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 60. wei
district, Cameroon.)
Island of Fernando Po and neighboring mainland in Cameroon.
Apus toulsoni (Barboza du Bocage)
Cypselus Toulsoni Barboza du Bocage, Orn. Angola, pt. 1, 1877, p. 158.
(Loanda.)
Known only from the coastal region of Cabinda ang northwestern
Angola.
Apus pallidus brehmorum Hartert
Apus apus Brehmorum Hartert, in Naumann’s Naturg. Vég. Mittel-
europas, Neuausg., 4, 1901, p. 233. (Southern Spain, Madeira,
Canaries; type from Madeira.)
Eastern Atlantic Islands: Madeira, Canaries; countries adjoining the
western Mediterranean east to southern Italy and to Cyrenaica; central
Sahara (Hoggar Mountains).
Apus pallidus illyricus Tschusi
Apus murinus illyricus Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 18, 1907, p. 29. (Castel-
nuovo, Dalmatia.)
Southern Dalmatia and the Croatian Coast; Cyprus (?).
Apus pallidus pallidus (Shelley)
Cypselus murinus A. and L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 46. (North
Africa and southern Europe, Suit, Egypt.) Not Cypselus murinus
Voigt, 1831, which = Cypsiurus parvus (Lichtenstein).
Cypselus pallidus Shelley, Ibis, 1870, p. 445. (Egypt.)
FAMILY APODIDAE 249
Apus murinus persicus Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 142, 143.
(Persia in the valley of the Karun and the Diz to Persian Baluchistan.)
Resident in Egypt, Palestine, Persia, southern Arabia and Sind;
southern Sahara (Air).
Apus pallidus somalicus (Stephenson Clarke)
Micropus somalicus Stephenson Clarke, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919,
p. 49. (Bihendula, British Somaliland.)
British Somaliland.
Apus acuticaudus (Blyth)
Cypselus acuticauda Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 45. (Nepal.)
Nepal (where known only from the type); breeds in the Khasia Hills,
Assam.
Apus pacificus pacificus (Latham)
Hirundo pacifica Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. Iviii. (New Hol-
land = New South Wales apud Mathews); the terra typica has been
fixed as the vicinity of Vladivostock by Domaniewski, infra.
Micropus colclought Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1915, p. 129. (Cape
York.)
Micropus pacificus tormentt Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1923,
p. 15. (Point Torment, North-West Australia.)
Micropus pacificus kurodae Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polonici,
1, 1933, p. 80. (Japan.)
Micropus pacificus kamtschaticus Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool.
Polonici, 1, 1933, p. 80. (Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka.)
Breeds in eastern Asia from the western Altai and Yakutsk, east to
Kamchatka and Korea, south to the mountains of northern Mongolia
and in eastern China to the Yangtse valley, extending westward to Kansu
and Szechwan; Commander and Kurile Islands, Sakhalin, Hokkaido,
Hondo and the Seven Islands of Izu. Migrates through southeastern Asia
to winter quarters in Australia.
Apus pacificus leuconyx (Blyth)
Cypselus lewconyx Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 212.
(Deccan.)
The Himalayas from Murree to Bhutan and south to the Deccan and
the Khasia Hills.
Apus pacificus cooki (Harington)
Cypselus pacificus cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1913, p. 57.
(Goteik Caves, northern Shan States.)
Shan States, Malay States, southern China (Kwangsi), northern Siam
and Laos.
250 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Apus unicolor unicolor (Jardine)
Cypselus unicolor Jardine, Edinburgh Journ. Nat. and Geogr. Sci., 1,
1830, p. 242, pl. 6. (Madeira.)
Madeira and the western Canary Islands.
Apus unicolor alexandri Hartert
Apus unicolor alexandri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901, p. 328. (Sao
Nicolaéo, Cape Verde Islands.)
Cape Verde Islands.
Apus unicolor poensis (Alexander)
Cypselus poensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1903, p. 33. (Sipopo,
Fernando Po.)
Confined to the Island of Fernando Po.
Apus myoptilus (Salvadori)
Cypselus myoptilus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 26, 1888, p. 228.
(Let-Marefia, Shoa.)
Micropus achimodz Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1933, p. 172.
(Palombe, 2300 feet, lat. 15° 50’S., long. 35° 40’ E., Mlanje district,
Nyasaland.)
Known from four specimens as follows: the type (a juvenal), one from
Nanyuki, Kenya Colony, one from Mt. Kilimanjaro, one from Nyasaland
(type of achimodzz).1
Apus batesi (Sharpe)
Cypselus batesi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 63. (Efulen,
Cameroon.)
Cameroon and the Semliki Valley of the eastern Belgian Congo.
Apus caffer streubelii (Hartlaub)
Cypselus Streubelii Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 418. (Keren,
Eritrea.)
Egyptian Sudan and Ethiopia south to Uganda and Kenya Colony.
Apus caffer ansorgei (W. L. Sclater)
Micropus caffer ansorget W. L. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922,
p. 63. (Ndalla Tando, Angola.)
Portuguese Congo and northern Angola.
Apus caffer caffer (Lichtenstein)
Cypselus Caffer Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823,
p. 58. (Kaffirland and Nubia, ¢.e. eastern Cape Province.)
Breeds in South Africa south of the Zambesi; winter quarters not known.
1 See Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 51.
FAMILY APODIDAE 251
Apus horus ! (Heuglin)
Cypselus affinis var. Cypselus Horus “Hartl. and Finsch,”’ Heuglin,
Orn. Nord-Ost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 147. (Northeastern Africa.)
Epicypselus horus australis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 13, 1929,
p. 73. (Koster, Rustenberg district, Transvaal.)
Epicypselus horus beirensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 13, 1929,
p. 73. (Zimbiti, Beira, Mozambique.)
Known from Darfur and Ethiopia south through Kenya Colony to
Mount Kilimanjaro; Portuguese Congo; Nyasaland; Southern Rhodesia;
northern Bechuanaland; Portuguese East Africa.
Apus affinis bannermani Hartert
Apus affinis bannermani Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 365.
(Pedroma, Sio Thomé.)
Islands of Sao Thomé, Principe and Fernando Po.
Apus affinis abessynicus (Streubel)
Cypselus abessynicus Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 354. (Ethiopia
= Massawa, Eritrea as fixed by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull.
Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 21.)
Africa from Gambia eastward to Ethiopia and Somaliland, south to
northern Angola and Nyasaland, rarely to Cape Province.
Apus affinis galilejensis (Antinori)
Cypselus Galilejensis ? Antinori, Naumannia, 1855, p. 307. (Sea of
Galilee, Palestine.)
Micropus koenigi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 2, 1894, p. 191. (Jebel
el Meda, Tunisia.)
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and southern Sahara (Air); Syria, Palestine,
Transcaspia, Persia and Baluchistan.
Apus affinis affinis (J. E. Gray)
Cypselus affinis J. E. Gray, in Gray and Hardwicke’s Ilustr. Indian
Zool., 1, pt. 2, 1830, pl. 35, f. 2. (No locality = Ganges.)
Northwestern India eastward to Bengal, south to Sind and southward
over the Indian Peninsula.
Apus affinis singalensis Madardsz
Apus singalensis Madardsz, Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 9,
1911, p. 420, pl. 16, f. 4. (Ceylon.)
Ceylon, and probably Travancore.
1 While it is entirely possible that there may be one or more geographic
races of this swift in southern Africa, none can be recognized until a revision
based on adequate material is made.
252 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Apus affinis nipalensis (Hodgson)
Cypselus Nipalensis Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 780.
(Central region of Nepal.)
Nepal, Bhutan and the Kamrup district of Assam.
Apus affinis subfurcatus (Blyth)
Cypselus subfurcatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, pt. 2, 1849,
p. 807. (Penang.)
Assam, southern China from Yunnan to Fukien, south to Burma,
Malay Peninsula, Siam and Indochina; Anamba Islands, Sumatra, Rhio
Archipelago, Billiton, Java, Borneo, North Natuna Islands; casual in
the Philippines, Formosa and the Borodino Islands.
Apus andecolus parvulus (Berlepsch and Stolzmann)
Micropus andecola parvulus Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc.
London, 1892, p. 384, note 1. (Ica, Peru.)
Andes of western Peru and extreme northern Chile.
Apus andecolus peruvianus (Chapman)
Micropus peruvianus Chapman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919, p, 253,
f. 1. (Ollantaytambo, 9700 feet, Peru.)
Andes of southeastern Peru in the Urubamba and Marcapata valleys.
Apus andecolus andecolus (d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye)
Cypselus andecolus d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye, Syn. Av., in Rev. Zool.,
1837, cl. 2, pl. 77-79, p. 70. (La Paz, Bolivia.)
Cypcelus [sic] andecolus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Mérid., 1844, Ois., p. 358;
Atlas, Ois., pl. 42, f. 2. (La Paz, Cavari and Inquisivi, Bolivia.) !
Apus andecolus dinellit Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 43.
(Angosta Perchela, 2550 metres, Jujuy, Argentina.)
Andes of Bolivia in departments of La Paz and Cochabamba; western
Argentina in states of Jujuy, Catamarca, Tucumdn, Mendoza, Cérdoba,
La Rioja and San Juan.
Genus AERONAUTES Hartert
Aéronautes Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 436 (in key),
p. 459. Type, by monotypy, Cypselus melanoleucus Baird = Acan-
thylis saxatalis Woodhouse.
Duidia Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 11. Type, by
original designation and monotypy, Duidia tatei Chapman.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 687-690.
1 According to Berlepsch and Stolzmann, supra, the type is from Yuracares,
Bolivia.
FAMILY APODIDAE 953
Aéronautes saxatalis saxatalis (Woodhouse)
Acanthylis saxatalis Woodhouse, in Sitgreaves’ Rept. Exped. Zuni and
Colorado Rivers, 1853, p. 64. (Inscription Rock, New Mexico.)
Cypselus melanoleucus Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 7, 1854,
p. 118. (Camp 123, west of San Francisco Mountains, Arizona.) 4
Breeds from south-central British Columbia and southern Alberta,
south to Lower California and central Mexico, east to western South
Dakota, western Nebraska and the Chisos Mountains, Texas. Winters
from west-central California south to Mexico.
Aéronautes saxatalis nigrior Dickey and van Rossem
Aeronautes saxatalis nigrior Dickey and van Rossem, Condor, 30, 1928,
p. 193. (Los Esesmiles, 7000 feet, Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador.)
Highlands of Guatemala and El Salvador; intergrades with A. s. sava-
talis in central Mexico.
Aéronautes montivagus montivagus (d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye)
Cypselus montivagus d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1837, cl. 2,
pl. 77-79, p. 70. (Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.)
Cypcelus [sic] montivagus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Mérid., 1844, Ois.,
p. 357; Atlas, pl. 42, f. 1. (Between Samaypata and Santa Cruz de
la Sierra, Bolivia.) ?
Mountains of Peru, Bolivia and northern Venezuela.
Aéronautes montivagus tatei (Chapman)
Duidia tatei Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 11. (High
Point Camp, Mt. Duida, 7100 feet, Venezuela.)
Known only from the unique type; perhaps not different from the
typical form.
Genus PANYPTILA CaBanis
Panyptila Cabanis, Arch. f. Naturg., 18, 1847, Bd. 1, p. 345. Type, by
original designation and monotypy, Hirundo cayennensis Gmelin.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 690-693.
Panyptila sancti-hieronymi Salvin
Panyptila sancti-hieronymi Salvin, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 1863,
p. 190, pl. 23.3 (San Geronimo, Vera Paz.)
Mountains of western Guatemala.
1 For argument for adoption of the name sazatalis over melanoleucus see
Oberholser, Auk, 37, 1920, p. 294-295.
2 For reasons for transfer of this species from Apus see Chapman, Bull.
Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 63, 1931, p. 68-70.
3 The plate is lettered Panyptila sancti-jerome.
254 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Panyptila cayennensis (Gmelin)
Hirundo cayennensis! Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1024.
(Cayenne.)
Central America from southeastern Nicaragua to the Canal Zone;
South America from Colombia south to Ecuador, eastward through
Venezuela and the Guianas and south to Bahia and Sao Paulo; islands of
Trinidad and Tobago.
Genus TACHORNIS Gosse
Tachornis Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 58. Type, by monotypy,
Tachornis phoenicobia Gosse.
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 693-695.
Tachornis phoenicobia iradii (Lembeye)
Cypselus iradii Lembeye, Aves de la Isla de Cuba, 1850, p. 50, pl. 7,
f. 4.2 (Cuba.)
Cuba and the Isle of Pines.
Tachornis phoenicobia phoenicobia Gosse
Tachornis phenicobia Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 58. (Jamaica.)
Hispaniola and Jamaica.
Genus MICROPANYPTILA Sutton
Micropanyptila Sutton, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 135. Type, by original
designation and monotypy, Micropanyptila furcata Sutton.
cf. Sutton, t. c., p. 1385-136.
Micropanyptila furcata Sutton
Micropanyptila furcata Sutton, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 135, pl. 6. (Guachi,
Zulia, Venezuela.)
Known only from a pair collected at the type locality in northwestern
Venezuela.
Genus REINARDA HartTert
Claudia Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 436 (in key), p, 469.
Type, by monotypy, Cypselus squamatus Cassin. Not Claudia Stal,
1865, Insecta.
Reinarda Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1915, p. 7. New name to
replace Claudia Hartert, preoccupied.
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 82.
1 This name is almost invariably quoted ‘‘cayanensis’” but is spelled cay-
ennensis in each of two copies of Gmelin’s Systema Naturae examined by me.
2 The plate is lettered Cypselus Yradit.
FAMILY APODIDAE 255
Reinarda squamata semota Riley
Reinarda squamata semota Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 46, 1933, p. 39.
(El Mango, Brazo Casiquiare, Venezuela.)
Known only from the region about Mt. Duida and the upper Orinoco
in southern Venezuela; the birds recorded from eastern Peru may be
referable here.
Reinarda squamata squamata (Cassin)
Cypselus sgquamatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1853, p. 369.
(British Guiana.)
The Guianas south to Goyaz, western Minas Geraés and Bahia; the
birds recorded from Trinidad are probably referable here.
Genus CYPSIURUS Lesson
Cypsiurus Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, Ann. 10, 2me sem., 1843,
p. 1384. Type, by monotypy, Cypselus ambrosiacus Temminck =
Cypselus parvus Lichtenstein.
Tachynautes Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905, p. 860. New
name for Cypsiurus Lesson on grounds of preoccupation by Cypsilurus
Swainson 1839, Pisces. 1 Same type.
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds. 4, 1927, p. 336-339.
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 195-198.
Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 318-320.
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 81-82 (Tachornis part,
species 1, 2, and 3).
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 360.
Cypsiurus parvus parvus (Lichtenstein)
Cypselus parvus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823,
p. 58. (Nubia.)
Tachornis parvus griseus Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 58. (Adi-
abo Steppe, northern Ethiopia.)
Senegal eastward across southern French Sudan and the Egyptian
Sudan to northern Ethiopia, south to Portuguese Guinea and the hinter-
land of Gold Coast and Nigeria; southward limits further eastward not
exactly known, but probably coincident with the limits of the thorn-scrub
Savanna belt.
Cypsiurus parvus brachypterus (Reichenow)
Tachornis parvus brachypterus Reichenow, Vég. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 386.
(West Africa from Gambia to Damaraland; the type is from Chin-
choxo, Cabinda.)
1 See also Opinion no. 26 of the International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature wherein the correction of Cypsilurus to Cypselurus is au-
thorized.
256 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
Tachornis uamensis Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 47. Upper
Sanga region, northeastern Cameroon.)
West African forest area from Sierra Leone to the northern Belgian
Congo and south to Gaboon and northern Angola; Island of Fernando Po.
Cypsiurus parvus myochrous (Reichenow)
Cypselus myochrous Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 34, 1886, p. 116. (Kar-
ema, Tanganyika Territory.)
Tachornis parvus laemostigma Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 3, 1905, p. 828.
(Southern Somaliland.)
East Africa from southern Ethiopia to the Zambesi River.
Cypsiurus parvus gracilis (Sharpe)
Cypselus gracilis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, p. 315.
(Madagascar.)
Madagascar.
Cypsiurus parvus balasiensis (J. E. Gray)
Cypselus Balasiensis J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s Anim. Kingdom, 7, 1829,
p. 60. (India, restricted to Calcutta by Stuart Baker, antea, p. 336.)
Cypselus palmarum J. E. Gray, in Gray and Hardwicke’s Illustr. Indian
Zool., 1, 1830, pt. 2, pl. 35, figs. la and 1b. (No locality = Cawn-
pore.) !
Locally distributed in India, Bengal and Assam north of the Brah-
maputra; Ceylon.
Cypsiurus parvus infumatus (Sclater)
Cypselus infumatus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 602.
(Banjermassing, Borneo.)
Assam south of the Brahmaputra, Shan States, Burma, Siam and
Indochina; Island of Hainan; Malay Peninsula; Tambelan Islands,
Sumatra, Java, Bali, Billiton, and Borneo.
Cypsiurus parvus pallidior (McGregor)
Tachornis pallidior McGregor, Bur. Govt. Labs., no. 25, 1905, p. 27.
(Anao, Tarlac Province, Luzon.)
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Ticao, Cebu, Bohol and Mindanao.
1 Stuart Baker recognizes palmarum as a pale race inhabiting the less humid
portions of northwestern India; Whistler and Kinnear (Journ. Bombay Nat.
Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 32) doubt whether it can be maintained.
FAMILY HEMIPROCNIDAE cai
Famity HEMIPROCNIDAE !
GENus HEMIPROCNE Nirzscw?
Hemiprocnes [nominative plural] Nitzsch, Obs. Av. Arter. Carot.
Comm., 1829, p. 15 and note. Type, by subsequent designation,
Cypselus longipennis Temminck = Hirundo longipennis Rafinesque
(Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 68.)
cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p: 113.
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 62-65.
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 29-30
(races of mystacea).
Hemiprocne longipennis coronata (Tickell)
Hirundo Coronata Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 580.
(Jungles of Borabhum and Dholbhum.) *
Ceylon: India generally (except Sind, the Punjab and the drier less
well-wooded parts) east to eastern Assam and southward through Burma
to central Tenasserim; Siam; Indochina from Laos to Cambodia.
Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann
Hemiprocne longipennis hartertt Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913,
p. 339. (Deli, Sumatra.)
Hemiprocne longipennis anochra Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
no. 159, 1932, p. 42. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.)
Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra,
Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Billiton, Karimata Islands, Borneo, north
Bornean Islands, Anamba Islands, North Natuna Islands.
Hemiprocne longipennis perlonga (Richmond)
Macropteryx perlonga Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26, 1903, p. 502.
_ (Simalur Island.)
Simalur Island.
?Hemiprocne longipennis ocyptera Oberholser
Hemiprocne longipennis ocyptera Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60,
1912, no. 7, p. 7. (Lafau, Nias Island.)
Nias Island. Requires confirmation.
1 Formerly called Macropterygidae.
2 Replaces Macropteryx Swainson, 1832. For details see Oberholser, Proc.
Biol. Soe. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 67-69.
3 This is a well-marked representative form of longipennis, not a distinct
species as it is usually treated.
258 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD
?Hemiprocne longipennis thoa Oberholser
Hemiprocne longipennis thoa Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60,
1912, no. 7, p. 8. (Pulo Pinie, Batu Islands.)
Batu Islands, Pagi Islands (?), Engano Island (?). Requires con-
firmation.
Hemiprocne longipennis longipennis (Rafinesque)
Hirundo longipennis Rafinesque, Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 3,
1802, p. 153. (Java.)
Java and Bali.
Hemiprocne longipennis wallacii (Gould)
Dendrochelidon wallacit Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 100.
(Makassar, Celebes.)
Celebes, Peling, Banggai, Salayer, Sula Islands.
Hemiprocne mystacea confirmata Stresemann
Hemiprocne mystacea confirmata Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914,
p. 110. (Amahei, Ceram.)
Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Batjan, Obi, Buru, Ceram,
Amboina, Haruku; Aru Islands.
Hemiprocne mystacea mystacea (Lesson)
Cypselus mystaceus Lesson, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Atlas, 1827, pl. 22; Zool.
1830, p. 647. (New Guinea.)
Gebe, Waigeu, Batanta, Misol, New Guinea, Numfor, Jobi.
Hemiprocne mystacea aéroplanes Stresemann
Hemiprocne mystacea aéroplanes Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern,
no. 5, 1921, p. 38. (Blanche Bay, New Britain.)
New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York Island; Admiralty Islands (?).
Hemiprocne mystacea woodfordiana (Hartert)
Macropteryx mystacea woodfordiana Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 19.
(Guadalcanar.)
Solomon Islands: recorded from Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Guadal-
canar, Malaita and Rennell.
Hemiprocne comata comata (Temminck)
Cypselus comatus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 45, 1824, pl. 268. (Sumatra.)
Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra,
Rhio Archipelago, Nias (?),! Batu Islands (?),! Siberut (2), jee
Anamba Islands, North Natuna Islands.
1 Birds from these islands may prove referable to stresemannt.
FAMILY HEMIPROCNIDAE 259
Hemiprocne comata stresemanni Neumann
Hemiprocne comata stresemanni Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52,
1937, p. 151. (North Pagi Island.)
Pagi Islands.
Hemiprocne comata major (Hartert)
Macropteryx comata major Hartert, Nov. Zool., 2, 1895, p. 473. (Philip-
pine Islands; type from Luzon.)
Philippine Islands generally except the islands occupied by the next
form.
Hemiprocne comata nakamurai Hachisuka
Hemiprocne major nakamurai Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ.
no. 14, 1930, p. 172. (Samal Island, off Davao, Mindanao.)
Philippine Islands; Mindanao, Samal, Basilan.
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aagaardi, Bubo, 122
aagaardi, Ketupa, 122
abbotti, Coecyzus, 44
abbotti, Nyctibius, 181
abbotti, Phodilus, 86
abessynicus, Apus, 251
abessynicus, Cypselus, 251
abyssinicus, Asio, 168
abyssinicus, Otus, 168
acadicus, Aegolius, 173
acadica, Strix, 173
accipitrinus, Asio, 169
accrae, Caprimulgus, 211
achimodzi, Micropus, 250
acutus, Cypselus, 238
acuta, Hirundo, 239
acuticaudus, Apus, 249
acuticauda, Cypselus, 249
acutipennis, Caprimulgus, 187
acutipennis, Chordeiles, 187
Adamatornis, 29
addendus, Cacomantis, 25
addenda, Ninox, 137
Adetococcyx, 29
Aegialornithidae, 220
Aegolius, 171
Aegotheles, 181
Aegothelidae, 181
aegyptius, Caprimulgus, 205
aegyptius, Centropus, 74
aegyptius, Cuculus, 74
aenigma, Collocalia, 225
aequatorialis, Apus, 246
aequatorialis, Asio, 169
aequatorialis, Chordeiles, 187
aequatorialis, Ciccaba, 108
aequatorialis, Cypselus, 246
aequatorialis, Neomorphus, 62
aequatorialis, Otus, 108
aereus, Ceuthmochares, 50
aereus, Cuculus, 50
Aerodramus, 220
Aéronautes, 252
aerophila, Collocalia, 227
aéroplanes, Hemiprocne, 258
Aérornis, 235
INDEX
aeruginosus, Cacomantis, 24
aethalea, Chaetura, 239
aethereus, Caprimulgus, 180
aethereus, Nyctibius, 180
affinis, Aegotheles, 183
affinis, Apus, 251
affinis, Batrachostomus, 179
affinis, Caprimulgus, 213
affinis, Collocalia, 229
affinis, Cypselus, 251
affinis, Geococcyx, 61
affinis, Ninox, 142
affinis, Strix, 78
affinis, Taccocua, 53
affinis, Tyto, 78
africanus, Apus, 245
africanus, Bubo, 118
africanus, Crinifer, 10
africanus, Cypselus, 245
africanus, Macrodipteryx, 217
africanus, Phasianus, 10
africana, Strix, 118
agnota, Collocalia, 228
aharonii, Bubo, 114
aheneus, Chalcites, 33
aikeni, Megascops, 101
aikeni, Otus, 101
alba, Strix, 77
alba, Tyto, 77
albani, Cuculus, 27
albaria, Ninox, 140
alberti, Eudynamys, 39
albertisi, Aegotheles, 184
albescens, Strix, 161
albicauda, Caprimulgus, 201
albicauda, Stenopsis, 201
albicincta, Hemiprocne, 234
albicincta, Streptoprocne, 234
albicollis, Caprimulgus, 193
albicollis, Nyctidromus, 193
albidiventris, Centropus, 67
albifacies, Athene, 147
albifacies, Sceloglaux, 147
albifrons, Chalcites, 33
albifrons, Tyto, 85
albitarsus, Ciccaba, 155
264
albitarse, Syrnium, 155
albiventer, Glaucidium, 131
albiventris, Otus, 97
albiventris, Scops, 97
albogilva, Strix, 162
albo-gularis, Caprimulgus, 190
albo-gularis, Eurostopodus, 190
albo-gularis, Otus, 108
albo-gularis, Syrnium, 108
albolaxatus, Caprimulgus, 208
albomaculata, Ninox, 137
albonotatus, Caprimulgus, 206
albonotatus, Coccystes, 13
aldabrensis, Caprimulgus, 206
alexandrae, Tyto, 80
alexandri, Apus, 250
alfredi, Cypselus, 246
alfredi, Otus, 89
alfredi, Pisorhina, 89
algistus, Asio, 110
algistus, Bubo, 110
alleni, Strix, 161
Alterapus, 235
alticola, Otus, 106
altissima, Streptoprocne, 234
aluco, Strix, 159
amaura, Speotyto, 151
amauronota, Strix, 84
ambiguus, Caprimulgus, 207
Amblypterus, 220
ambrosiacus, Cypselus, 255
amechana, Collocalia, 224
amelis, Collocalia, 224
americanus, Caprimulgus, 194
americanus, Coccyzus, 41
americanus, Cuculus, 41
americanus, Siphonorhis, 194
amerimnus, Asio, 118
amethystinus, Chalcites, 31
amethystina, Lampromorpha, 31
amoyensis, Caprimulgus, 213
amplonotata, Ciccaba, 154
anamesus, Caprimulgus, 207
anchietae, Chaetura, 242
andamanensis, Centropus, 71
andamanicus, Caprimulgus, 207
andecolus, Apus, 252
andecolus, Cypselus, 252
andrei, Chaetura, 240
andrewsmithi, Asio, 171
andria, Saurothera, 49
angelinae, Otus, 89
INDEX
angelinae, Pisorhina, 89
angeri, Caprimulgus, 205
angolensis, Centropus, 74
ani, Crotophaga, 57
anochra, Hemiprocne, 257
anomalus, Amblypterus, 220
anomalus, Eleothreptus, 220
anonymous, Centropus, 70
anselli, Centropus, 73
ausorgei, Apus, 250
ansorgei, Micropus, 250
anthonyi, Caprimulgus, 202
anthonyi, Setopagis, 202
Antiurus, 196
Antrostomus, 196
apatelius, Caprimulgus, 216
apatelius, Scotornis, 216
apertus, Caprimulgus, 201
Apodi, 220
Apodidae, 220
Apodiformes, 220
Apodinae, 244
apoensis, Collocalia, 221
Apus, 244
apus, Apus, 246
apus, Hirundo, 246
arabicus, Chrysococcyx, 30
archboldi, Eurostopodus, 191
archboldi, Lyncornis, 191
archeri, Apus, 245
arfaki, Strix, 83
arfaki, Tyto, 83
arfakianus, Cacomantis, 26
argus, Caprimulgus, 190
argus, Eurostopus, 190
arixuthus, Phodilus, 86
arizonae, Antrostomus, 199
arizonae, Caprimulgus, 199
armeniacus, Bubo, 114
arubensis, Speotyto, 152
aruensis, Centropus, 68
aruensis, Nesocentor, 68
aruensis, Ninox, 136
aruensis, Noctua, 136
aruensis, Rossornis, 209
ascalaphus, Bubo, 117
aserriensis, Chordeiles, 188
asiaticus, Caprimulgus, 211
Asio, 167
asio, Otus, 101
asio, Strix, 101
aspersus, Megascops, 103
aspersus, Otus, 103
assimilis, Collocalia, 228
assimilis, Ninox, 137
assimilis, Phodilus, 86
assumptionis, Centropus, 71
astrolabae, Eurystopodus, 191
ateralbus, Centropus, 68
Athene, 147
Athenoptera, 86
athertoni, Cuculus, 27
atricapillus, Otus, 106
atricapilla, Strix, 106
atripennis, Caprimulgus, 207
atripunctatus, Caprimulgus, 200
atripunctata, Systellura, 200
audeberti, Cuculus, 14
audeberti, Pachycoccyx, 14
aurantia, Strix, 83
aurantia, Tyto, 83
auritus, Batrachostomus, 177
auritus, Podargus, 177
aurivilli, Cuculus, 17
auspicabilis, Bubo, 116
austini, Pulsatrix, 124
australis, Ceuthmochares, 51
australis, Epicypselus, 251
australis, Lamprococcyx, 32
australis, Neomorphus, 62
bactriana, Athene, 148
badius, Antrostomus, 198
badius, Caprimulgus, 198
badius, Phodilus, 86
badia, Strix, 86
bagobo, Collocalia, 230
bahamensis, Saurothera, 49
bahamensis, Speotyto, 151
baileyi, Podargus, 176
bakeri, Apus, 246
bakeri, Cuculus, 19
bakkamoena, Otus, 99
balasiensis, Cypselus, 256
balasiensis, Cypsiurus, 256
balia, Pisorhina, 88
balli, Ephialtes, 89
balli, Otus, 89
balstoni, Apus, 248
balstoni, Cypselus, 248
bangsi, Cuculus, 18
bangueyensis, Chalcites, 31
banken, Centropus, 76
bannermani, Apus, 251
INDEX
bannermani, Proturacus, 6
bannermani, Tauraco, 6
barbarus, Bubo, 117
barbarus, Otus, 104
barbarus, Scops, 104
barbatus, Apus, 247
barbatus, Cypselus, 247
barbata, Strix, 165
barberoi, Asio, 168
bargei, Strix, 81
bargei, Tyto, 81
barnardi, Chrysococcyx, 34
bartelsi, Caprimulgus, 214
bartelsi, Collocalia, 224
bartelsi, Strix, 158
bartelsi, Syrnium, 158
bartschi, Collocalia, 224
baru, Collocalia, 228
barussarum, Surniculus, 35
basalis, Chalcites, 31
basalis, Cuculus, 31
bascanica, Pisorhina, 90
baschkiricus, Bubo, 114
batesi, Apus, 250
batesi, Caprimulgus, 215
batesi, Cypselus, 250
Batrachostomus, 177
baweana, Strix, 157
beccarii, Otus, 97
beccarii, Scops, 97
bechuanae, Corythaixoides, 11
beckeri, Speotyto, 153
becki, Collocalia, 231
becki, Speotyto, 150
beickianus, Aegolius, 173
beirensis, Epicypselus, 251
belli, Cuculus, 19
belli, Urodynamis, 40
bendirei, Otus, 100
bendirei, Scops, 100
bengalensis, Bubo, 117
bengalensis, Centropus, 72
bengalensis, Cuculus, 72
bengalensis, Otus, 117
benguellensis, Chaetura, 240
bennettii, Aegotheles, 183
bergiana, Nyctale, 162
Berneyornis, 136
bernsteini, Centropus, 69
biddulphi, Strix, 160
bifasciatus, Caprimulgus, 200
bihagi, Cacomantis, 26
265
266
bimaculatus, Caprimulgus, 207
binotatus, Caprimulgus, 192
binotatus, Veles, 192
biscutata, Chaetura, 234
biscutata, Streptoprocne, 234
blakistoni, Bubo, 121
blakistoni, Ketupa, 121
blandus, Cacomantis, 25
blanfordi, Syrnium, 160
blewitti, Athene, 150
blewitti, Heteroglaux, 150
blighi, Bubo, 119
blighi, Huhua, 119
bocki, Cuculus, 15
bocki, Hierococcyx, 15
béhmi, Chaetura, 242
bohmi, Mearnsia, 242
bogotensis, Asio, 169
bohndorffi, Ciccaba, 155
bohndorffi, Syrnium, 155
boholensis, Otus, 100
boliviana, Piaya, 47
boliviana, Pulsatrix, 125
boobook, Ninox, 139
boobook, Strix, 1389
borealis, Cypselus, 243
borealis, Nephoecetes, 243
borelliana, Ciccaba, 154
borellianum, Syrnium, 154
borissowi, Bubo, 115
borneense, Glaucidium, 133
borneensis, Melias, 51
borneensis, Ninox, 142
borneensis, Rhamphococcyx, 56
borneensis, Rhopodytes, 51
borneensis, Strix, 142
botelensis, Otus, 92
bouchellii, Streptoprocne, 234
bourdilloni, Eurostopodus, 191
bourdilloni, Lyncornis, 191
bouruensis, Otus, 97
bouruensis, Scops, 97
bouvieri, Scotopelia, 123
boweri, Spiloglaux, 139
brachypterus, Cypsiurus, 255
brachypterus, Podargus, 176
brachyptera, Speotyto, 152
brachypterus, Tachornis, 255
brachyura, Acanthylis, 241
brachyurus, Caprimulgus, 183
brachyura, Chaetura, 241
brachyurus, Surniculus, 35
INDEX
bracteatus, Nyctibius, 181
bradfieldi, Apus, 246
bradfieldi, Micropus, 246
brama, Athene, 150
brama, Strix, 150
brasilianus, Caprimulgus, 218
brasilianum, Glaucidium, 131
brasiliana, Hydropsalis, 218
brasiliana, Strix, 131
brasiliensis, Tapera, 59
brazzae, Coccystes, 14
brehmorum, Apus, 248
breviauris, Asio, 169
brevicauda, Chaetura, 242
brevirostris, Collocalia, 223
brevirostris, Hirundo, 223
brewsteri, Microsiphonorhis, 195
brewsteri, Otus, 100
brewsteri, Siphonorhis, 195
brisbannensis, Cuculus, 26
britanniae, Ninox, 145
brodiei, Glaucidium, 133
brodiei, Noctua, 133
bronzinus, Cacomantis, 27
brookii, Otus, 95
brookii, Scops, 95
brooksi, Aegolius, 173
brooksi, Cryptoglaux, 173
brucei, Ephialtes, 89
brucei, Otus, 89
briigeli, Athene, 134
briigeli, Glaucidium, 134
brunnescens, Nyctiphrynus, 196
brunnescens, Strix, 161
brunnitorques, Chaetura, 239
Bubo, 110
bubo, Bubo, 113
bubo, Strix, 113
Buboninae, 86
bubutus, Centropus, 70
birgersi, Chaetura, 242
biirgersi, Mearnsia, 242
biittikoferi, Bubo, 123
bittneri, Turacus, 3
buffoni, Opoethus, 3
buffoni, Tauraco, 3
burbidgei, Otus, 87
burchellii, Centropus,{75
burmanicus, Caprimulgus, 212
burmanica, Ninox, 141
butleri, Asio, 156
butleri, Strix, 156
INDEX 267
cabanisi, Corythaix, 4
cabanisi, Piaya, 48
cabanisi, Tauraco, 4
cabrae, Strix, 84
Cacomantis, 22
cactorum, Glaucidium, 130
caecus, Otus, 93
caerulea, Coua, 66
eaeruleus, Cuculus, 66
caeruleiceps, Centropus, 73
caerulescens, Turacus, 7
cafer, Clamator, 13
cafer, Cuculus, 13
caffer, Apus, 250
caffer, Cypselus, 250
Caffrapus, 244
calayensis, Otus, 92
Caliechthrus, 35
californiana, Geococcyx, 61
californiana, Saurothera, 61
californicum, Glaucidium, 128
californicus, Phalaenoptilus, 194
caligatus, Bubo, 158
caligata, Strix, 158
Calobates, 64
calyorhynchus, Phaenicophaeus, 55
calyorhynchus, Rhamphococcyx, 55
canariensis, Asio, 167
candicans, Caprimulgus, 201
candicans, Stenopsis, 201
candida, Strix, 84
canescens, Hydropsalis, 218
canescens, Pachycoccyx, 14
canorus, Cuculus, 18
caparoch, Strix, 127
caparoch, Surnia, 127
capensis, Asio, 170
capensis, Bubo, 118
capense, Glaucidium, 133
capensis, Noctua, 133
capensis, Otus, 93, 170
capensis, Podargus, 175
capensis, Scops, 93, 95
capensis, Strix, 84
capensis, Tyto, 84
capnitis, Collocalia, 223
capnodes, Otus, 95
capnodes, Scops, 95
Caprimulgi, 175
Caprimulgiformes, 174
Caprimulgidae, 184
Caprimulginae, 189
Caprimulgus, 196
caprius, Chrysococcyx, 30
caprius, Cuculus, 30
cardonensis, Otus, 102
caripensis, Steatornis, 174
carlo, Apus, 247
caroli, Coccystes, 13
carolinensis, Caprimulgus, 197
carpenteri, Centropus, 71
Carpococcyx, 64
carrikeri, Speotyto, 152
carteri, Chrysococcyx, 32
cassini, Chaetura, 242
cassini, Mearnsia, 242
cassini, Otus, 104
cassini, Scops, 104
castaneiventris, Cacomantis, 26
castaneiventris, Cuculus, 26
castaneum, Glaucidium, 132
castanonota, Athene, 134
castanonotum, Glaucidium, 133
castanops, Strix, 83
castanops, Tyto, 83
castanopterus, Athene, 133
castanopterum, Glaucidium, 134
castanoptera, Strix, 134
caucae, Piaya, 46
caucasicus, Aegolius, 172
caucasica, Athene, 148
caucasica, Carine, 148
caucasica, Nyctala, 172
caudacutus, Hirund-apus, 232
caudacuta, Hirundo, 232
caurina, Strix, 160
caurinum, Syrnium, 160
cavicola, Speotyto, 151
cayanus, Cuculus, 47
cayana, Piaya, 47
cayelii, Strix, 82
cayelii, Tyto, 82
cayennensis, Caprimulgus, 201
cayennensis, Hirundo, 254
cayennensis, Panyptila, 254
caymanensis, Coccyzus, 43
cearae, Caprimulgus, 203
cearae, Nyctipolus, 203
cearae, Piaya, 47
cebuensis, Collocalia, 229
Cecractana, 12
Cecractes, 12
celebensis, Cacomantis, 24
celebensis, Caprimulgus, 208
268
celebensis, Centropus, 76
celebensis, Chaetura, 233
celebensis, Hirund-apus, 233
centralia, Aegotheles, 182
centralia, Podargus, 176
centralis, Ciccaba, 154
centralis, Gymnoschizorhis, 11
centralis, Rhamphococcyx, 55
Centrococcyx, 67
Centropodinae, 66
Centropus, 66
Cephaloptynx, 136
ceramensis, Collocalia, 227
Cercococcyx, 21
cerviniceps, Eurostopodus, 191
cerviniceps, Lyncornis, 191
Ceuthmochares, 50
chacoensis, Strix, 162
chadensis, Caprimulgus, 211
Chaetura, 235
Chaeturellus, 236
Chaeturinae, 220
Chalcites, 30
chalcites, Cuculus, 30
Chalcococcyx, 30
chalcolophus, Tauraco, 4
chalcolophus, Turacus, 4
chalecopepla, Lampromorpha, 29
chalcophthalmicus, Ruwenzorornis, 8
chalybeiceps, Centropus, 73
chalybeus, Centropus, 68
chalybeus, Cuculus, 17
chalybeus, Nesocentor, 68
chaparensis, Piaya, 49
chapmani, Chaetura, 236
chapmani, Chordeiles, 188
chapmani, Pulsatrix, 124
chaseni, Batrachostomus, 179
chauvini, Asio, 169
cherriei, Cypseloides, 243
chiapensis, Antrostomus, 199
chiapensis, Caprimulgus, 199
chiaradiae, Athene, 147
chinensis, Eudynamys, 37
chinensis, Tyto, 85
chlorochlamys, Gallirex, 7
chlorophaeus, Cuculus, 53
chlorophaea, Rhinortha, 53
chlororhynchus, Centropus, 69
chobiensis, Corythaixoides, 11
chochi, Coccyzus, 59
chochi, Tapera, 59
INDEX
chocoensis, Nyctibius, 179
choliba, Otus, 106
choliba, Strix, 106
Chordeiles, 185
Chordeilinae, 184
Chrysococcyx, 29
Ciceaba, 153
cineraceus, Cuculus, 27
cineraceus, Megascops, 102
cineraceus, Otus, 102
cinerascens, Bubo, 118
cinereiventris, Chaetura, 238
cinereus, Coccyzus, 41
cinerea, Strix, 165
cinnamomina, Ninox, 138
circe, Piaya, 47
Clamator, 12
clamator, Bubo, 166
clamator, Rhinoptynx, 166
clamosus, Cuculus, 16
clarkii, Otus, 107
clarus, Caprimulgus, 215
clarus, Scotornis, 215
claudi, Caprimulgus, 209
Claudia, 254
clazus, Otus, 102
clelandi, Spiloglaux, 140
climacocercus, Caprimulgus, 218
climacocerca, Hydropsalis, 218
climacurus, Caprimulgus, 216
climacurus, Scotornis, 216
cobanense, Glaucidium, 128
Coccycua, 48
Coccystes, 12
Coceyzus, 41
cochinchinensis, Chaetura, 232
cochinchinensis, Hirund-apus, 232
Cochlothraustes, 64
coincidens, Rossornis, 209
colcloughi, Micropus, 249
collaris, Lyncornis, 191
Colletoptera, 244
Collocalia, 220
columbianus, Pyrrhococeyx, 46
comatus, Cypselus, 258
comata, Hemiprocne, 258
concolor, Corythaix, 11
concolor, Crinifer, 11
concretus, Caprimulgus, 214
concretus, Cuculus, 17
condorensis, Otus, 99
confirmata, Hemiprocne, 258
INDEX 269
conigravi, Podargus, 176
connivens, Falco, 138
connivens, Ninox, 138
contempta, Strix, 81
contempta, Tyto, 81
continentalis, Batrachostomus, 179
continentalis, Coccyzus, 42
cooki, Apus, 249
cooki, Cypselus, 249
cooperi, Otus, 105
cooperi, Scops, 105
coquereli, Coua, 65
coreensis, Strix, 164
cornutus, Batrachostomus, 179
cornutus, Caprimulgus, 180
cornutus, Nyctibius, 180
cornutus, Podargus, 179
cornwalli, Podargus, 175
coromandus, Bubo, 120
coromandus, Clamator, 12
coromandus, Cuculus, 12
coromanda, Strix, 120
coronata, Hemiprocne, 257
coronata, Hirundo, 257
corvina, Eudynamys, 38
Corydonyx, 67
Corythaeola, 9
corythaix, Spelectos, 5
corythaix, Tauraco, 5
Corythaixoides, 10
Cosmetornis, 217
costaricanum, Glaucidium, 130
costaricensis, Cypseloides, 243
costaricensis, Nephoecetes, 243
costaricensis, Nyctibius, 180
Coua, 64
Couinae, 64
coultasi, Collocalia, 225
cozumelae, Coccyzus, 42
crassirostris, Chalcites, 34
crassirostris, Cuculus, 15
crassirostris, Hierococcyx, 15
crassirostris, Lamprococcyx, 34
crassirostris, Tyto, 80
creagra, Hydropsalis, 219
creagra, Macropsalis, 219
Crinifer, 9, 10
Criniferoides, 10
crinifrons, Aegotheles, 182
crinifrons, Batrachostomus, 182
crissalis, Caprimulgus, 203
crissalis, Turacus, 7
cristatus, Aegotheles, 182
cristatus, Caprimulgus, 182
cristata, Corythaeola, 9
cristata, Coua, 66
cristatus, Cuculus, 66
cristata, Lophostrix, 110
cristata, Musophaga, 9
cristata, Strix, 110
Crotema, 215
Crotophaga, 57
Crotophaginae, 57
crucigerus, Otus, 106
crucigera, Strix, 106
Cryptoglaux, 172
Ctenoglaux, 136
cubanensis, Antrostomus, 198
cubanensis, Caprimulgus, 198
Cuculi, 12
Cuculidae, 12
Cuculiformes, 3
Cuculinae, 12
cuculoides, Glaucidium, 134
cuculoides, Noctua, 134
Cuculus, 14
cumingi, Lepidogrammus, 57
cumingi, Phoenicophaus, 57
cunicularia, Speotyto, 153
cunicularia, Strix, 153
cupreicaudus, Centropus, 74
cupreus, Chrysococcyx, 29, 30
cupreus, Cuculus, 29
cursor, Coua, 65
curvirostris, Cuculus, 55
curvirostris, Rhamphococcyx, 55
cuvieri, Podargus, 176
cuyensis, Otus, 93
cyanocephalus, Cuculus, 39
cyanocephala, Eudynamys, 39
cyanoptila, Collocalia, 229
cycladum, Otus, 90
cycladum, Pisorhina, 90
Cyphorhina, 175
cyprius, Otus, 90
cypria, Scops, 90
Cypseloides, 242
Cypselus, 244
Cypsiurus, 255
dacrysistactus, Otus, 104
damarensis, Tyto, 84
dammermani, Collocalia, 224
Dasylophus, 56
270
dauricus, Bubo, 114
daurica, Strix, 163
davidi, Strix, 165
davidi, Syrnium, 165
decolor, Saurothera, 49
decussatus, Caprimulgus, 200
decussatus, Otus, 106
decussata, Strix, 106
delacouri, Caprimulgus, 208
delalandei, Coccyzus, 65
delalandei, Coua, 65
delicatulus, Strix, 80
delicatula, Tyto, 80
dendyi, Podargus, 175
deningeri, Phoenicophaés, 55
deningeri, Rhamphococcyx, 55
derbyanus, Nyctidromus, 193
de-roepstorffi, Strix, 79
de-roepstorfi, Tyto, 79
deserti, Bubo, 113
deserticolor, Otus, 99
desertorum, Bubo, 117
desertorum, Caprimulgus, 203
desiderata, Collocalia, 231
detorta, Tyto, 78
diabolicus, Eurostopodus, 190
diardi, Melias, 51
diardi, Rhopodytes, 51
dickeyi, Phalaenoptilus, 194
dicruroides, Pseudornis, 35
dicruroides, Surniculus, 35
digitalis, Caprimulgus, 213
dillonii, Bubo, 118
dilutus, Morococcyx, 59
dimorpha, Athene, 136
dimorpha, Uroglaux, 136
dinellii, Apus, 252
Diplopsalis, 218
Diplopterus, 58
diurnus, Caprimulgus, 189
dodgei, Collocalia, 230
doerriesi, Bubo, 115, 121
doerriesi, Ketupa, 121
dombraini, Tyto, 83
domingensis, Asio, 170
domingensis, Strix, 170
dominicensis, Athene, 151
dominicensis, Saurothera, 50
dominicensis, Speotyto, 151
dominicae, Coccyzus, 43
dominicus, Cuculus, 43
donaldsoni, Caprimulgus, 210
INDEX
donaldsoni, Tauraco, 6
donaldsoni, Turacus, 6
Dromococcyx, 60
Dryococcyx, 54
dubius, Aegotheles, 184
dubia, Chaetura, 233
dubius, Hirund-apus, 233
duidae, Glaucidium, 130
duidae, Nyctipolus, 202
duidae, Otus, 106
Duidia, 252
dulcis, Neomorphus, 62
dumetorum, Cuculus, 26
dumonti, Coua, 66
dysonymus, Cacomantis, 23
eatoni, Ciccaba, 154
ecuadoreana, Pulsatrix, 124
efulenensis, Centropus, 73
egregia, Chaetura, 238
eichhorni, Collocalia, 227
eichhorni, Ninox, 145
eichhorni, Spiloglaux, 145
eidos, Caprimulgus, 211
ekmani, Antrostomus, 198
ekmani, Caprimulgus, 198
elachistus, Bubo, 112
elachyptera, Collocalia, 229
elaphra, Collocalia, 223
eleanorae, Caprimulgus, 214
elegans, Ephialtes, 92
elegans, Lyncornis, 191
elegans, Otus, 92
Eleothreptus, 220
elgonense, Glaucidium, 132
elutus, Bubo, 112
elongatus, Rhopodytes, 52
elongatus, Phoenicophaus, 52
elisabethae, Strix, 166
emini, Tauraco, 5
emini, Turacus, 5
enarratus, Caprimulgus, 214
engadinensis, Bubo, 113
enganensis, Otus, 93
enigmaticus, Eudynamis, 37
Epicypselus, 244
epomidis, Centropus, 73
erlangeri, Pisorhina, 89
erlangeri, Scops, 108
erlangeri, Tyto, 78
erminea, Strix, 125
ernesti, Strix, 78
INDEX
ernesti, Tyto, 78
ernsti, Chaetura, 233
ernsti, Hirund-apus, 233
erwini, Collocalia, 231
erythrognathus, Rhamphococcyx, 55
erythrognathus, Phaenicophaeus, 55
erythrolophus, Opaethus, 6
erythrolophus, Tauraco, 6
erythropthalmus, Coccyzus, 41
erythropthalma, Cuculus, 41
erythropyga, Coccyzus, 59
erythropygus, Morococcyx, 59
esculenta, Collocalia, 230
esculenta, Hirundo, 230
Euaegotheles, 181
Eudynamys, 36
euleri, Coccygus, 42
euleri, Coccyzus, 42
europaeus, Caprimulgus, 204
Eurostopodus, 189
Eurostopus, 189
eurycercus, Centropus, 70
everardi, Spiloglaux, 139
everetti, Cacomantis, 24
everetti, Eudynamys, 38
everetti, Ninox, 143
everetti, Otus, 100
everetti, Scops, 100
everetti, Tyto, 79
eversmanni, Bubo, 115
excellens, Diplopterus, 58
excellens, Tapera, 58
excelsa, Collocalia, 229
excitus, Cacomantis, 27
exilis, Caprimulgus, 187
exilis, Chordeiles, 187
Eximiornis, 196
eximius, Caprimulgus, 206
exsul, Gymnasio, 146
exsul, Gymnoglaux, 146
extima, Piaya, 45
eyrei, Cuculus, 27
facialis, Eudynamys, 38
fallax, Cuculus, 19
fasciata, Nyctale, 162
fasciata, Strix, 162
fasciata, Ulula, 162
fasciativentris, Pulsatrix, 125
fasciipygialis, Centropus, 76
fasciolatus, Cuculus, 22
fasciolatus, Penthoceryx, 22
271
feae, Otus, 94
feae, Scops, 94
ferghanensis, Scops, 90
ferrugineus, Coccyzus, 44
fervidus, Caprimulgus, 209
fieldi, Hyetornis, 45
finschi, Tauraco, 5
finschi, Turacus, 5
fischeri, Centropus, 74
fischeri, Corythaix, 6
fischeri, Scotopelia, 123
fischeri, Tauraco, 6
fisheri, Glaucidium, 128
flammeus, Asio, 169
flammea, Strix, 77, 169
flammeolus, Otus, 95
flammeola, Scops, 95
flavigularis, Chrysococcyx, 30
flavipes, Cultrunguis, 122
flavipes, Ketupa, 122
flavirostris, Ceuthmochares, 50
flavirostris, Zanclostomus, 50
flavus, Cuculus, 22, 23
flecki, Centropus, 75
flindersii, Eudynamys, 39
floridae, Ninox, 146
floridanus, Otus, 101
floridanus, Scops, 101
floridana, Speotyto, 151
forbesi, Ninox, 144
forcipatus, Caprimulgus, 219
formosana, Chaetura, 232,
formosanus, Hirund-apus, 232
fortior, Cacomantis, 25
fossii, Caprimulgus, 215
fossii, Scotornis, 215
fraenatus, Caprimulgus, 209
francica, Collocalia, 223
francica, Hirundo, 223
frater, Eudynamys, 38
fryi, Carine, 150
fuciphaga, Collocalia, 222
fuciphaga, Hirundo, 222
filleborni, Caprimulgus, 217
fugax, Cuculus, 16
fuliginosus, Otus, 100
fuliginosa, Scops, 100
fulvescens, Glaucidium, 134
fulvescens, Ptynx, 165
fulvescens, Strix, 162
fulvescens, Syrnium, 162
fulviventris, Caprimulgus, 211
272
fumigatus, Cypseloides, 243
fumigata, Hemiprocne, 243
fumosa, Chaetura, 239
funereus, Aegolius, 172
funerea, Strix, 126, 172
furcata, Micropanyptila, 254
furcata, Strix, 80
fureata, Tyto, 80
furcifer, Caprimulgus, 219
furcifera, Hydropsalis, 219
furensis, Apus, 246
furensis, Micropus, 246
furvus, Centropus, 75
fusca, Ninox, 138
fuscus, Otus, 104
fusca, Strix, 138
fuscescens, Ptynx, 165
fuscescens, Strix, 164
fuscigularis, Rhinortha, 54
gabonensis, Caprimulgus, 211
gabonensis, Cuculus, 17
galapagoensis, Asio, 170
galapagoensis, Otus, 170
galei, Tyto, 83
galilejensis, Apus, 251
galilejensis, Cypselus, 251
Gallirex, 7
gangeticus, Otus, 99
gaumeri, Chaetura, 237
Geococcyx, 60
geoffroyi, Coccyzus, 62
geoffroyi, Neomorphus, 62
Geophilus, 60
georgiae, Tyto, 85
georgica, Strix, 161
germani, Collocalia, 223
giganteus, Cypselus, 233
giganteus, Hirund-apus, 233
gigas, Aegotheles, 183
gigas, Collocalia, 221
gigas, Coua, 65
gigas, Cuculus, 65
gilmani, Otus, 102
gilvus, Nyctidromus, 193
Gisella, 127
glabripes, Ephialtes, 98
glabripes, Otus, 98
glandarius, Clamator, 12
glandarius, Cuculus, 12
Glaucidium, 127
glaucops, Strix, 81
INDEX
glaucops, Tyto, 81
glaux, Athene, 148
glaux, Noctua, 148
gnoma, Glaucidium, 128
goldii, Ninox, 144
goldmani, Antrostomus, 199
goliath, Centropus, 67
goodenoviensis, Ninox, 144
goodfellowi, Ciccaba, 155
goslingi, Caprimulgus, 214
gouldi, Podargus, 175
gracilirostris, Strix, 77
gracilirostris, Tyto, 77
gracilis, Coccyzusa, 49
gracilis, Cypselus, 256
gracilis, Cypsiurus, 256
gracilis, Piaya, 49
graeca, Pisorhina, 89
grallaria, Speotyto, 153
grallaria, Strix, 153
grammicus, Ephialtes, 171
grammicus, Pseudoscops, 171
grandidieri, Chaetura, 241
grandidieri, Zoonavena, 241
grandis, Caprimulgus, 179
grandis, Nyctibius, 179
granti, Collocalia, 226
granti, Ninox, 146
granti, Otus, 108
granti, Pisorhina, 108
graueri, Asio, 168
graueri, Otus, 94
graysoni, Micrathene, 135
grenadensis, Coccyzus, 44
Grillia, 66
grillii, Centropus, 72
grinnelli, Glaucidium, 128
griseus, Caprimulgus, 180
griseus, Nyctibius, 180
grisea, Pisorhina, 95
griseus, Podargus, 175
griseus, Scops, 99
griseus, Tachornis, 255
griseatus, Caprimulgus, 213
griseata, Lophostrix, 110
griseiceps, Glaucidium, 129
griseifrons, Chaetura, 239
griseifrons, Cypselus, 239
grisescens, Microdynamis, 36
guadeloupensis, Nephoecetes, 244
guadeloupensis, Speotyto, 151
guarania, Piaya, 48
guatemalae, Otus, 95, 104
guatemalae, Scops, 104
guatemalae, Strix, 80
guatemalae, Tyto, 80
guerrerensis, Otus, 103
guianensis, Chaetura, 238
Guira, 58
guira, Cuculus, 58
guira, Guira, 58
gularis, Cuculus, 19
gundlachii, Chordeiles, 188
gurneyi, Mimizuku, 109
gurneyi, Pseudoptynx, 109
guttatus, Caprimulgus, 190
guttatus, Eurostopodus, 190
guttata, Strix, 78
guttata, Tyto, 78
guttifer, Caprimulgus, 210
Gymnasio, 146
Gymnoglaux, 146
Gymnoschizorhis, 11
Gymnoscops, 86
harmsi, Strix, 160
hirmsi, Syrnium, 160
hainanus, Caprimulgus, 207
hainanus, Rhopodytes, 52
halmaturina, Ninox, 139
hambroecki, Ephialtes, 88
hambroecki, Otus, 88
hantu, Athene, 144
hantu, Ninox, 144
harringtoni, Dryococcyx, 56
harringtoni, Rhamphococcyx, 56
harrisii, Aegolius, 174
harrisii, Nyctale, 174
harterti, Batrachostomus, 177
harterti, Chalcites, 32
harterti, Eudynamys, 37
harterti, Eurostopodus, 190
harterti, Hemiprocne, 257
harterti, Strix, 160
hartlaubi, Corythaix, 7
hartlaubi, Otus, 109
hartlaubi, Noctua, 109
hartlaubi, Tauraco, 7
hasbroucki, Otus, 101
hastatus, Megascops, 104
hastatus, Otus, 104
hatchizionis, Otus, 98
hazarae, Caprimulgus, 203
heinrichi, Cacomantis, 27
INDEX 273
heinrichi, Collocalia, 225
heinrothi, Collocalia, 231
Heliodilus, 77
hellmayri, Piaya, 47
hellmayri, Tyto, 81
helveola, Strix, 162
helveolum, Syrnium, 162
helvola, Strix, 171
hemachalana, Bubo, 117
Hemiprocne, 257
Hemiprocnidae, 257
hendersonii, Ephialtes, 94
hendersonii, Otus, 94
henryi, Chordeiles, 188
hesperis, Chordeiles, 187
heterocnemis, Asio, 112
heterocnemis, Bubo, 112
Heterococcyx, 30
Heteroglaux, 147
Heteroscops, 87
heterurus, Caprimulgus, 202
heterurus, Setopagis, 202
heuglini, Centropus, 74
Heuglinornis, 3
Hieracoglaux, 136
Hierococcyx, 14
highami, Polophilus, 69
hirsuta, Ninox, 141
hirsuta, Strix, 141
Hirund-apus, 232
hirundinaceus, Caprimulgus, 203
hirundinacea, Collocalia, 228
hispanus, Bubo, 113
hodgsoni, Batrachostomus, 178
hodgsoni, Caprimulgus, 207
hodgsoni, Otothrix, 178
hoedtii, Ninox, 144
hoedtii, Noctua, 144
holerythrus, Otus, 88
holerythra, Scops, 88
holmbergiana, Strix, 81
hondoensis, Strix, 164
hondoense, Syrnium, 164
honorata, Eudynamys, 37
horsfieldi, Cuculus, 19
horus, Apus, 251
horus, Cypselus, 251
hoskinsii, Glaucidium, 128
hostilis, Strix, 78
houyi, Caprimulgus, 217
hova, Asio, 171
howelli, Chordeiles, 188
Q74
huachucae, Strix, 161
huberi, Otus, 107
hueyi, Phalaenoptilus, 194
Huhua, 110
huhula, Ciccaba, 155
huhula, Strix, 155
humeralis, Athene, 136
humeralis, Ninox, 136
hungaricus, Bubo, 113
huttoni, Ephialtes, 88
huttoni, Otus, 88
hybridus, Turacus, 4
Hydropsalis, 217
Hyetornis, 45
hylophila, Strix, 162
hypermetra, Tyto, 79
hyperythrus, Cuculus, 16
hypogramma, Athene, 143
hypogramma, Ninox, 143
hypopinarus, Coccystes, 13
hypugaea, Speotyto, 150
hypugaea, Strix, 150
icelus, Asio, 111
icterorhynchus, Otus, 88
icterorhynchus, Scops, 88
idonea, Micrathene, 135
idoneus, Micropallas, 135
iheringi, Aegolius, 174
iheringi, Gisella, 174
illyricus, Apus, 248
imberbis, Lyncornis, 191
impasta, Athene, 149
incertus, Centropus, 75
incincta, Piaya, 46
indica, Athene, 150
indicus, Caprimulgus, 203
indica, Chaetura, 233
indicus, Hirund-apus, 233
indica, Noctua, 150
Indicapus, 236
indigena, Athene, 147
indochinae, Batrachostomus, 178
indranee, Strix, 157
inexpectatus, Bubo, 115
inexpectata, Collocalia, 223
inexpectatus, Podargus, 177
inexspectata, Strix, 82
inexspectata, Tyto, 82
infaustus, Cacomantis, 24
inferior, Chordeiles, 186
infumatus, Cypselus, 256
INDEX
infumatus, Cypsiurus, 256
infuscata, Collocalia, 227
infuscatus, Cuculus, 28
infuscata, Taccocua, 53
ingens, Otus, 107
ingens, Scops, 107
innominata, Caprimulgus, 204
innominatus, Chalcoccyx, 33
innominata, Collocalia, 222
innominata, Ninox, 141
inopina, Collocalia, 223
inornatus, Caprimulgus, 212
inornatus, Cuculus, 22
inquieta, Collocalia, 225
insignis, Aegotheles, 182
insulana, Piaya, 47
insularis, Caprimulgus, 201
insularis, Centropus, 71
insularis, Gymnoscops, 97
insularis, Nyctidromus, 192
insularis, Otus, 97
insularis, Stenopsis, 201
insularis, Strix, 82
insularis, Tyto, 82
insulindae, Cuculus, 20
intercedens, Hydropsalis, 218
intercedens, Nyctidromus, 193
intermedius, Centrococcyx, 70
intermedius, Centropus, 70, 75
intermedius, Chrysococcyx, 29
intermedius, Ceuthmochares, 51
intermedius, Otus, 94
intermedia, Pisorhina, 94
intermedius, Podargus, 177
intermedia, Speotyto, 152
interpositus, Bubo, 113
interpositus, Otus, 92
interposita, Tyto, 80
inyoensis, Otus, 100
iradii, Cypselus, 254
iradii, Tachornis, 254
irtyshensis, Scops, 90
isolata, Ninox, 142
isonota, Collocalia, 230
ivahensis, Crotophaga, 57
jacksoni, Cuculus, 17
jacobinus, Clamator, 13
jacobinus, Cuculus, 13
jacobsoni, Eurostopodus, 192
jacobsoni, Lyncornis, 192
jacquinoti, Athene, 145
jacquinoti, Ninox, 145
jakutensis, Bubo, 115
jakutorum, Aegolius, 172
jakutorum, Nyctala, 172
jamaicensis, Caprimulgus, 181
jamaicensis, Cypseloides, 243
jamaicensis, Nyctibius, 181
japonicus, Otus, 91
japonica, Strix, 141, 164
japonicum, Syrnium, 164
jardinii, Glaucidium, 130
jardinii, Phalaenopsis, 130
jarlandi, Bubo, 117
jasijatere, Geophilus, 60
javanensis, Centropus, 72
javanensis, Cuculus, 72
javanensis, Ketupa, 121
javanensis, Ninox, 142
javanicus, Centropus, 72
javanicus, Phoenicophaes, 54
javanica, Strix, 79
javanica, Tyto, 79
javanicus, Zanclostomus, 54
javensis, Batrachostomus, 179
javensis, Collocalia, 224
javensis, Podargus, 179
jingkou, Strix, 164
jobiensis, Centropus, 68
johanseni, Cuculus, 18
johnstoni, Gallirex, 8
johnstoni, Ruwenzorornis, 8
jonesi, Caprimulgus, 206
jotaka, Caprimulgus, 204
Jubula, 109
julieni, Coccyzus, 41
jungei, Chalcites, 33
juninensis, Speotyto, 153
kalaharicus, Apus, 247
kalidupae, Pisorhina, 96
kalidupae, Otus, 96
kalinowskii, Macropsalis, 219
kalinowskii, Uropsalis, 219
kamschaticus, Micropus, 249
kangeana, Otus, 99
kangeanensis, Centropus, 71
kangeangensis, Rhopodytes, 52
karafutonis, Bubo, 121
karafutonis, Ketupa, 121
kasuidori, Caprimulgus, 213
keatsi, Caprimulgus, 208
keatsi, Polophilus, 69
INDEX
kelaarti, Caprimulgus, 204
kelungensis, Cuculus, 20
keniensis, Caprimulgus, 210
kennicottii, Otus, 100
kennicottii, Scops, 100
kessleri, Athene, 148
Ketupa, 121
ketupu, Ketupa, 122
ketupu, Strix, 122
kiautschensis, Bubo, 116
kimberli, Tyto, 82
kittenbergeri, Apus, 247
kivuensis, Ruwenzorornis, 8
klaas, Chrysococcyx, 30
klaas, Cuculus, 30
klaasi, Chrysococcyx, 29
kleinschmidti, Cuculus, 18
kleinschmidti, Tyto, 78
klossii, Bubo, 120
koenigi, Micropus, 251
k6énigseggi, Scops, 93
koeniswaldiana, Pulsatrix, 125
koeniswaldianum, Syrnium, 125
koesteri, Caprimulgus, 211
kollibayi, Apus, 247
korejewi, Surnia, 126
kuehni, Caprimulgus, 208
kuehni, Tyto, 79
kurodae, Micropus, 249
kwenlunensis, Cuculus, 19
labuanensis, Ninox, 142
lacteus, Bubo, 120
lactea, Strix, 120
laemostigma, Tachornis, 256
lagophonus, Asio, 110
lagophonus, Bubo, 110
lambi, Asio, 167
Lamprococcyx, 30
Lampromorpha, 29
lanceolatus, Cacomantis, 23
lanceolatus, Cuculus, 23
lansbergi, Coccyzus, 44
laotiana, Strix, 158
lapponica, Strix, 165
lathami, Strix, 127
latipennis, Otus, 95
latipennis, Scops, 95
latouchi, Otus, 88
latouchi, Scops, 88
lautus, Nyctiphrynus, 195
lawrencei, Chaetura, 238
275
276
lawrencii, Gymnoglaux, 146
lawsonae, Micropus, 248
layardi, Chalcites, 32
layardi, Chrysococcyx, 32
leachi, Spiloglaux, 140
leggei, Otus, 92
lempiji, Otus, 99
lempiji, Strix, 99
lentiginosus, Caprimulgus, 214
leoninus, Scotornis, 216
leopetes, Caprimulgus, 201
leopoldi, Crinifer, 11
leopoldi, Schizorhis, 11
Lepidogrammus, 57
lepidophanes, Neomorphus, 64
lepidus, Cuculus, 20
leptogrammica, Strix, 159
leschenault, Ketupa, 122
leschenault, Strix, 122
leschenaultii, Taccocua, 53
lettia, Otus, 98
lettia, Scops, 98
lettii, Bubo, 109
lettii, Jubula, 109
leucogaster, Aegotheles, 182
leucogaster, Centropus, 73
leucogaster, Chizaerhis, 10
leucogaster, Crinifer, 10
leucogaster, Phaenicophaeus, 56
leucogaster, Polophilus, 73
leucolophus, Caliechthrus, 35
leucolophus, Corythaix, 7
leucolophus, Cuculus, 35
leucolophus, Tauraco, 7
leucomelas, Bubo, 111
leuconyx, Apus, 249
leuconyx, Cypselus, 249
leucophaea, Collocalia, 226
leucophaeus, Macropteryx, 226
leucopsis, Athene, 109, 140
leucopsis, Ninox, 140
leucopsis, Otus, 169
leucopterus, Caprimulgus, 181
leucopterus, Nyctibius, 181
leucopygia, Collocalia, 228
leucopygialis, Acanthylis, 237
leucopygialis, Chaetura, 237
leucopygus, Caprimulgus, 189
leucopyga, Nyctiprogne, 189
leucospila, Ephialtes, 97
leucospilus, Otus, 97
leucostictus, Bubo, 120
INDEX
leucotis, Asio, 167
leucotis, Corythaix, 6
leucotis, Otus, 108
leucotis, Strix, 108
leucotis, Tauraco, 6
libratus, Tyto, 84
lifuensis, Tyto, 80
lignator, Centropus, 72
lihirensis, Collocalia, 225
lilith, Athene, 148
linae, Otus, 98
linchi, Collocalia, 229
lindeni, Coccygus, 42
lineatus, Cacomantis, 26
liturata, Strix, 163
livingstonii, Tauraco, 4
livingstonii, Turacus, 4
loandae, Centropus, 75
loitanus, Tauraco, 4
loitanus, Turacus, 4
longicaudatus, Caprimulgus, 180
longicaudatus, Nyctibius, 180
longicaudatus, Phoenicophaeus, 52
longicaudatus, Rhopodytes, 52
longicornis, Otus, 92
longicornis, Scops, 92
longimembris, Strix, 84
longimembris, Tyto, 84
longipennis, Caprimulgus, 217
longipennis, Hemiprocne, 258
longipennis, Hirundo, 258
longipennis, Macrodipteryx, 217
longirostris, Caprimulgus, 200
longirostris, Cuculus, 50
longirostris, Saurothera, 50
longisignum, Geococcyx, 61
Lophostrix, 110
lowei, Apus, 246
lowei, Micropus, 246
lowi, Collocalia, 222
lowi, Cypselus, 222
lucayana, Tyto, 80
luciae, Otus, 89
luciae, Scops, 89
lucidus, Chalcites, 32
lucidus, Cuculus, 32
lucida, Strix, 161
lucidum, Syrnium, 161
luctisonus, Otus, 105
ludlowi, Athene, 149
ludovicianus, Caprimulgus, 212
lugubris, Cuculus, 36
INDEX Q77
lugubris, Ninox, 141
lugubris, Strix, 141
lugubris, Surniculus, 36
lukolelae, Glaucidium, 132
lulu, Strix, 80
lulu, Tyto, 80
lurida, Ninox, 139
Lurocalis, 184
Lyncornis, 189
lyra, Hydropsalis, 219
lyra, Uropsalis, 219
ma, Strix, 160
ma, Syrnium, 160
mabirae, Cuculus, 17
macconnelli, Ciccaba, 154
macfarlanei, Megascops, 100
macfarlanei, Otus, 100
macgillivrayi, Ninox, 139
mackayi, Tyto, 83
mackinderi, Bubo, 118
macrocercus, Cacomantis, 25
Macrodipteryx, 217
macromystax, Caprimulgus, 199
Macropsalis, 219
macropterus, Eurostopodus, 192
macropterus, Lyncornis, 192
macroptera, Ninox, 141
Macropterygidae, 257
Macropteryx, 257
macrorhynchus, Corythaix, 7
macrorhynchus, Podargus, 176
macrorhynchus, Tauraco, 7
macrotis, Caprimulgus, 191
macrotis, Eurostopodus, 191
macrourus, Centropus, 69
macrourus, Morococcyx, 59
macroura, Piaya, 48
macrurus, Caprimulgus, 207
macrurus, Otus, 166
maculatus, Chalcites, 31
maculata, Noctua, 140
maculata, Strix, 140, 166
maculatus, Trogon, 31
maculicaudus, Caprimulgus, 201
maculicaudus, Stenopsis, 201
maculosus, Caprimulgus, 202
maculosus, Nyctibius, 181
maculosus, Nyctipolus, 202
maculosa, Strix, 118
madagascariensis, Asio, 168
madagascariensis, Caprimulgus, 206
madagascariensis, Cuculus, 64
madagascariensis, Otus, 168
magellanicus, Bubo, 113
magicus, Otus, 97
magica, Strix, 97
magnus, Aegolius, 173
magna, Nyctala, 173
magna, Tyto, 84
mahrattensis, Caprimulgus, 205
maingayi, Strix, 157
maingayi, Syrnium, 157
major, Aegotheles, 182
major, Chaetura, 235
major, Crotophaga, 57
major, Cypseloides, 243
major, Hemiprocne, 259
major, Macropteryx, 259
major, Otus, 171
makirensis, Collocalia, 231
malabaricus, Athene, 133
malabaricum, Glaucidium, 133
malaccensis, Athene, 142
malaccensis, Ninox, 142
malaitae, Ninox, 146
malayanus, Chalcites, 33
malayanus, Cuculus, 33
malayana, Eudynamys, 37
malayanus, Otus, 91
malayanus, Penthoceryx, 22
malayanus, Scops, 91
malayensis, Otus, 87
malloreae, Otus, 90
mamberana, Chaetura, 242
mamberana, Mearnsia, 242
manadensis, Otus, 96
manadensis, Scops, 96
manam, Centropus, 69
manillensis, Caprimulgus, 208
mantananensis, Otus, 93
mantananensis, Scops, 93
manusi, Tyto, 82
marathae, Otus, 99
maratua, Collocalia, 227
margarethae, Otus, 108
margaritae, Otus, 105
marginata, Collocalia, 229
marjoriae, Apus, 245
marjoriae, Micropus, 245
marmorata, Athene, 139
marmoratus, Megascops, 104
marmorata, Ninox, 139
marmoratus, Podargus, 177
278
maroccanus, Asio, 170
martinica, Chaetura, 239
martinica, Hirundo, 239
marungensis, Tauraco, 4
marungensis, Turacus, 4
marwitzi, Apus, 247
marwitzi, Chaetura, 240
massorhinus, Surniculus, 35
mauritanica, Strix, 159
mauritanicum, Syrnium, 159
maximus, Apus, 245
maxima, Collocalia, 222, 231
maximus, Cuculus, 18
maximus, Cypselus, 245
maximus, Otus, 106
maxwelliae, Otus, 101
maxwelliae, Scops, 101
mayensis, Bubo, 112
maynardi, Coccyzus, 42
mayottensis, Apus, 248
mayottensis, Cypselus, 248
mayri, Collocalia, 228
mecallii, Otus, 102
mccallii, Scops, 102
mcilhennyi, Asio, 169
mcleodii, Otophanes, 195
mearnsi, Collocalia, 227
Mearnsia, 241
mechowi, Cercococcyx, 21
medianum, Glaucidium, 130
medius, Centropus, 72
media, Strix, 165
medius, Turacus, 7
medje, Glaucidium, 132
meeki, Cacomantis, 27
meeki, Caprimulgus, 209
meeki, Ninox, 145
meeki, Podargus, 177
meeki, Strix, 79 =
meeki, Tyto, 79
Megacentropus, 66
Megapodargus, 175
megarhynchus, Cuculus, 28
megarhynchus, Rhamphomantis, 28
mehleri, Piaya, 46
melacoryphus, Coccyzus, 44
melancerus, Asio, 112
melanchima, Geococcyx, 61
melanogaster, Cuculus, 48
melanogaster, Piaya, 48
melanoleucus, Cypselus, 253
Melanolophus, 12
INDEX
melanonotus, Apus, 248
melanops, Centropus, 76
melanopygia, Chaetura, 240
melanorhyncha, Eudynamys, 38
melanota, Noctua, 125
melanota, Pulsatrix, 125
melanotis, Streptoprocne, 234
melanurus, Centropus, 69
melba, Apus, 244
melba, Hirundo, 244
melli, Tyto, 85
mellori, Chrysococcyx, 31
melvillensis, Aegotheles, 182
melvillensis, Chrysococcyx, 34
melvillensis, Ninox, 139
melvillensis, Podargus, 175
melvillensis, Polophilus, 69
melvillensis, Tyto, 83
menagei, Batrachostomus, 178
menbeki, Centropus, 67
menebiki, Centropus, 67
mentawi, Otus, 99
merguiensis, Collocalia, 224
meriani, Turacus, 7
meridensis, Ciccaba, 108
meridensis, Otus, 108
meridionalis, Caprimulgus, 204
meridionalis, Centropus, 75
meridionalis, Chaetura, 240
meridionalis, Rhamphococcyx, 55
merlini, Saurothera, 49
merrilli, Nyctidromus, 192
merulinus, Cacomantis, 23
merulinus, Cuculus, 23
mesamericanus, Otus, 103
mesembrinus, Asio, 112
mesophanis, Caprimulgus, 208
mesura, Piaya, 46
mesurus, Pyrrhococcyx, 46
Metallococcyx, 29
mexicanus, Cuculus, 45
mexicanus, Diplopterus, 58
mexicanus, Dromococcyx, 58
mexicanus, Morococcyx, 59
mexicanus, Nyctibius, 180
mexicanus, Otus, 166
mexicana, Piaya, 45
mexicana, Streptoprocne, 234
meyeri, Chalcites, 34
meyeri, Chrysococcyx, 34
micans, Collocalia, 224
Micrathene, 135
INDEX
Micrococcyx, 41
Microdynamis, 36
micromeris, Chordeiles, 186
Micropallas, 135
Micropanyptila, 254
Micropodargus, 175
micropterus, Cuculus, 17
Micropus, 244
microrhinus, Phoenicophaes, 56
microrhynchus, Batrachostomus, 178
Microscops, 172
Microsiphonorhis, 194
midas, Otus, 166
midas, Rhinoptynx, 166
milesi, Bubo, 118
milo, Centropus, 67
Mimizuku, 109
mindanensis, Caprimulgus, 213
mindanensis, Cuculus, 38
mindanensis, Eudynamys, 38
mindanensis, Lyncornis, 191
mindanensis, Pseudoptynx, 121
mindorensis, Centrococcyx, 71
mindorensis, Centropus, 71
mindorensis, Ninox, 143
mindorensis, Otus, 92
mindorensis, Scops, 92
minimus, Caprimulgus, 197
minima, Ciccaba, 108
minima, Eudynamys, 39
minimus, Otus, 108
minimus, Surniculus, 36
minor, Bubo, 123
minor, Caprimulgus, 187, 199, 211
minor, Chordeiles, 187, 188
minor, Coccyzus, 44
minor, Cuculus, 18, 44
minor, Ketupa, 123
minor, Podager, 189
minor, Rhopodytes, 52
minor, Speotyto, 152
minutus, Coccyzus, 49
minuta, Collocalia, 230
minuta, Piaya, 49
minutus, Scops, 92
minutillus, Chalcites, 34
minutillus, Chrysococcyx, 34
minutissimum, Glaucidium, 129
minutissima, Strix, 129
mira, Athene, 147
mirificus, Caprimulgus, 214
Misocalius, 28
279
misoriensis, Chalcites, 33
misoriensis, Lamprococcyx, 33
mixtus, Batrachostomus, 178
mixta, Ninox, 139
modesta, Lamprococcyx, 31
modestus, Otus, 91
modestus, Scops, 91
mogenseni, Piaya, 48
mogenseni, Rhinoptynx, 166
moluccarum, Collocalia, 225
momiyamae, Strix, 164
monachus, Cuculus, 48
monachus, Centropus, 74
moniliger, Batrachostomus, 178
mono, Ninox, 145
montanus, Cercococcyx, 21
monticolus, Caprimulgus, 212
monticola, Stenopsis, 201
montivagus, Aéronautes, 253
montivagus, Cypselus, 253
morii, Strix, 164
Morococcyx, 59
morotensis, Otus, 96
morotensis, Scops, 96
mossambicus, Scotornis, 215
multipunctata, Tyto, 84
mungi, Podargus, 175
murchisoniana, Aegotheles, 182
murinus, Cypselus, 248
musicus, Cuculus, 20, 22
musicus, Penthoceryx, 20, 22
Musophaga, 8
Musophagi, 3
Musophagidae, 3
musschenbroeki, Surniculus, 36
mychophilus, Otus, 101
myochrous, Cypselus, 256
myochrous, Cypsiurus, 256
myoptilus, Apus, 250
myoptilus, Cypselus, 250
myrtha, Ciccaba, 158
myrtha, Strix, 158
mystacalis, Caprimulgus, 190
mystaceus, Cypselus, 258
mystacea, Hemiprocne, 258
nacunda, Caprimulgus, 189
nacunda, Podager, 189
nacurutu, Bubo, 113
nacurutu, Strix, 113
naevius, Cuculus, 58
naevius, Otus, 101
280
naevia, Strix, 101
naevia, Tapera, 58
nakamurai, Hemiprocne, 259
nakuruensis, Apus, 247
nanum, Glaucidium, 131
nanus, Hierococcyx, 15
nana, Strix, 131
Nannochordeiles, 185
nanodes, Speotyto, 153
napensis, Neomorphus, 63
napensis, Otus, 105
natalensis, Caprimulgus, 212
natalis, Collocalia, 230
natalis, Ninox, 144
nativus, Bubo, 114
nattereri, Caprimulgus, 185
nattereri, Lurocalis, 185
natunae, Collocalia, 223
natunensis, Zanclostomus, 54
nauta, Caprimulgus, 205
Neafrapus, 241
nebulosa, Strix, 165
neglecta, Collocalia, 230
neglectus, Cuculus, 31
neglecta, Cyphorina, 177
neglectus, Scythrops, 40
nelsoni, Antrostomus, 198
nelsoni, Nyctidromus, 193
Neochalcites, 30
neochorus, Bubo, 112
Neomorphinae, 58
Neomorphus, 61
nepalensis, Caprimulgus, 206
Nephoecetes, 243
Nesasio, 171
nesiotes, Coccygus, 43
nesiotes, Coccyzus, 43
Nesocentor, 67
neumanni, Centropus, 73
newarensis, Strix, 157
newarensis, Ulula, 157
newtoni, Gymnoglaux, 107
newtoni, Otus, 107
ngamiense, Glaucidium, 132
niansae, Apus, 247
niansae, Cypselus, 247
niasensis, Strix, 158
niasense, Syrnium, 158
nicobaricus, Ephialtes, 91
nieuwenhuisi, Chalcococcyx, 34
nigra, Hirundo, 243
niger, Nephoecetes, 243
INDEX
nigra, Strix, 164
nigrescens, Bubo, 113
nigrescens, Caprimulgus, 202
nigrescens, Strix, 81
nigrescens, Tyto, 81
nigricans, Centropus, 68
nigricans, Polophilus, 68
nigricans, Scotornis, 216
nigricantior, Ciccaba, 155
nigricantius, Syrnium, 155
nigricrissa, Piaya, 46
nigricrissa, Pyrrhococcyx, 46
nigrior, Aéronautes, 253
nigripennis, Eurostopodus, 190
nigriscapularis, Caprimulgus, 209
nigristriatus, Rhopodytes, 52
nigrodorsalis, Centropus, 74
nigrogularis, Neomorphus, 63
nigrolineata, Ciccaba, 154
nigrorufus, Centropus, 71, 72
nigrorufus, Cuculus, 71, 72
nigrovertex, Asio, 108
nikolskii, Bubo, 116
nikolskii, Strix, 164
nikolskii, Syrnium, 164
niloticus, Centropus, 75
Ninox, 136
nipalensis, Apus, 252
nipalensis, Bubo, 119
nipalensis, Cypselus, 252
nipalensis, Ninox, 136
nisicolor, Cuculus, 16
nitens, Collocalia, 230
nitidus, Phalaenoptilus, 194
niveifrons, Aérornis, 235
nivicola, Strix, 160
nivicolum, Syrnium, 160
nivipetens, Strix, 160
noctipetens, Asio, 168
noctitherus, Caprimulgus, 200
noctitherus, Setochalcis, 200
noctivagus, Lurocalis, 184
noctividus, Hybris, 82
noctua, Athene, 147
noctua, Strix, 147
norwegicus, Bubo, 113
notabilis, Antrostomus, 198
Notafrapus, 241
Notococcyx, 14
novaeguineae, Chaetura, 242
novaeguineae, Mearnsia, 242
novaehibernicae, Spiloglaux, 145
INDEX 281
occidentalis, Chaetura, 238
occidentalis, Coccyzus, 42
novaehollandiae, Caprimulgus, 181
novaehollandiae, Scythrops, 40
novaehollandiae, Strix, 83
novaehollandiae, Tyto, 83
novaeseelandiae, Ninox, 140
novaeseelandiae, Strix, 140
Novipulsatrix, 125
nubicola, Chaetura, 237
nubicus, Caprimulgus, 206
nuchalis, Ciccaba, 155
nuchale, Syrnium, 155
nudipes, Bubo, 108
nudipes, Cypselus, 232
nudipes, Hirund-apus, 232
nudipes, Noctua, 146
nudipes, Otus, 107
nudipes, Strix, 107
nuttallii, Caprimulgus, 193
nuttallii, Phalaenoptilus, 193
Nyctagreus, 195
Nyctala, 171
Nyctea, 125
nyctea, Strix, 125
Nyctibiidae, 179
Nyctibius, 179
Nycticircus, 196
Nyctictypus, 196
Nyctidromus, 192
nyctiphasma, Strix, 158
Nyctiphrynus, 195
Nyctipolus, 196
Nyctiprogne, 189
Nyctisyrigmus, 197
nyctophilus, Phalaenoptilus, 194
oaxacae, Antrostomus, 199
oaxacae, Caprimulgus, 199
oberholseri, Caprimulgus, 208
oberholseri, Collocalia, 229
oberholseri, Glaucidium, 129
oberholseri, Zoonava, 228
oberi, Rhinoptynx, 166
oblitus, Cacomantis, 24
obscura, Ninox, 141
obscurus, Nyctidromus, 193
obscura, Piaya, 47
obscuratus, Cacomantis, 25
obscuratus, Centropus, 68
obscuratus, Crinifer, 10
obscurata, Strix, 159
occidentalis, Bubo, 111
occidentalis, Centropus, 73
occidentalis, Cuculus, 20
occidentalis, Heteroscenes, 20
occidentalis, Ninox, 137
occidentalis, Strix, 161
occidentale, Syrnium, 161
ocellata, Athene, 138
ocellatus, Caprimulgus, 196
ocellata, Ninox, 138
ocellatus, Nyctiphrynus, 196
ocellatus, Podargus, 177
ocellata, Strix, 157
ocellatum, Syrnium, 157
ochracea, Noctua, 143
ochracea, Piaya, 48
ochrogenys, Strix, 157
ochrogenys, Syrnium, 157
ochropygia, Chaetura, 237
ocista, Collocalia, 226
ocyptera, Hemiprocne, 257
odiosa, Ninox, 145
oeneicaudus, Phaenicophaeus, 55
oeneicaudus, Rhamphococcyx, 55
ogowensis, Chaetura, 237
olivaceiceps, Coua, 66
olivaceiceps, Sericosomus, 66
olivei, Aegotheles, 182
olivinus, Cerecococcyx, 21
omissus, Bubo, 116
onikakko, Eudynamys, 38
ooldeaensis, Ninox, 139
optatus, Cuculus, 20
oreophilus, Cacomantis, 25
orientalis, Athene, 149
orientalis, Collocalia, 222
orientalis, Cuculus, 39
orientalis, Eudynamys, 39
orientale, Glaucidium, 127
orientalis, Ketupa, 122
orientalis, Strix, 119, 156, 158
origenis, Collocalia, 221
orinocensis, Piaya, 49
orokensis, Surnia, 126
osculans, Chalcites, 28
osculans, Misocalius, 28
otiosus, Antrostomus, 197
otiosus, Caprimulgus, 197
Otophanes, 195
Otus, 86
otus, Asio, 167
otus, Strix, 167
282
oustaleti, Scotopelia, 123
oustaleti, Strix, 85
Owenavis, 28
Pachycoccyx, 14
pacificus, Apus, 249
pacificus, Bubo, 111
pacifica, Hirundo, 249
pacifica, Strix, 164
pageli, Bubo, 123
pageli, Ketupa, 123
pagodorum, Strix, 157
palawanensis, Collocalia, 222
pallasi, Surnia, 126
pallens, Aegolius, 172
pallens, Glaucidium, 131
pallens, Nyctale, 172
pallescens, Bubo, 111
pallescens, Piaya, 47
pallescens, Pyrrhococcyx, 47
pallidus, Apus, 248
pallidus, Asio, 169
pallida, Columba, 21
pallidus, Cuculus, 21
pallidus, Cypselus, 248
pallidus, Geococcyx, 61
pallidus, Zanclostomus, 54
pallidiceps, Corythaixoides, 11
pallidiceps, Crinifer, 11
pallidifrons, Chaetura, 234
pallidifrons, Streptoprocne, 234
pallidior, Cypsiurus, 256
pallidior, Hydropsalis, 218
pallidior, Tachornis, 256
pallidula, Crotophaga, 57
palliolatus, Cuculus, 28
palloris, Coccyzus, 42
palmarum, Cypselus, 256
palmarum, Glaucidium, 129
palmquisti, Caprimulgus, 210
pamelae, Otus, 94
panamensis, Nyctibius, 180
panamensis, Piaya, 48
Panyptila, 253
Papuanapus, 241
papuensis, Caprimulgus, 190
papuensis, Eurostopodus, 190
papuensis, Podargus, 176
papuensis, Tyto, 85
paradoxus, Bubo, 116
paraguena, Eudynamys, 37
pardalota, Athene, 133
INDEX
pardalotum, Glaucidium, 133
parroti, Centropus, 70
parvus, Cypselus, 255
parvus, Cypsiurus, 255
parva, Eudynamis, 36
parva, Microdynamis, 36
parvus, Phodilus, 86
parvulus, Apus, 252
parvulus, Caprimulgus, 202
parvulus, Micropus, 252
passerinus, Cacomantis, 23
passerinus, Cuculus, 23
passerinum, Glaucidium, 127
passerina, Strix, 127
patulus, Cercococcyx, 21
pavonicus, Dromococcyx, 60
pavoninus, Dromococcyx, 60
pectoralis, Bubo, 119
pectoralis, Caprimulgus, 209
pectoralis, Cuculus, 16
pectoralis, Hiracococcyx, 16
pectoralis, Huhua, 119
pekinensis, Apus, 247
pekinensis, Cypselus, 247
pelagica, Chaetura, 236
pelagica, Hirundo, 236
pelasgia, Chaetura, 235
pelewensis, Collocalia, 224
peli, Scotopelia, 123
peli, Strix, 123
pellos, Collocalia, 223
pembaensis, Otus, 95
peninsularis, Ninox, 137
pennatus, Scops, 91
Penthoceryx, 21
perconfusa, Megastrix, 83
peritum, Glaucidium, 133
perlatum, Glaucidium, 131
perlata, Strix, 131
perlonga, Hemiprocne, 257
perlonga, Macropteryx, 257
perplexus, Chrysococcyx, 34
perplexa, Collocalia, 224
perplexa, Tyto, 83
persa, Cuculus, 3
persa, Tauraco, 3
persicus, Apus, 249
persimile, Glaucidium, 134
personata, Chizaerhis, 11
personata, Crinifer, 11
perspicillata, Pulsatrix, 124
perspicillata, Strix, 124
INDEX 283
peruana, Macropsalis, 219
peruana, Uropsalis, 219
peruvianus, Apus, 252
peruvianus, Micropus, 252
perversa, Ninox, 143
petersi, Saurothera, 50
petrensis, Apus, 245
Phaenicophaeinae, 41
Phaenicophaeus, 56
phaeopygos, Chaetura, 238
phalaena, Caprimulgus, 204
phalaenoides, Podargus, 175
Phalaenoptilus, 193
phaloenoides, Glaucidium, 130
phaloenoides, Strix, 130
phasianellus, Dromococcyx, 60
phasianellus, Macropus, 60
phasianinus, Centropus, 68
phasianinus, Cuculus, 68
pheletes, Urodynamis, 40
philippensis, Ninox, 142
philippensis, Pseudoptynx, 120, 121
philippensis, Scops, 120
philippense, Syrnium, 120
Phodilinae, 85
Phodilus, 85
phoebus, Tauraco, 5
phoebus, Turacus, 5
phoenicobia, Tachornis, 254
Phoenicophaés, 56
Phoenicophaus, 56
Photodilus, 85
Piaya, 44, 45
pica, Clamator, 13
pica, Cuculus, 13
picata, Eudynamys, 38
picina, Chaetura, 232
picina, Mearnsia, 242
pichinchae, Speotyto, 152
pinicola, Glaucidium, 128
pinosus, Megascops, 103
pinosus, Otus, 103
pintoi, Otus, 106
pithecops, Strix, 84
piscator, Falco, 10
piscivorus, Bubo, 121
piscivorus, Ketupa, 121
Pisorhina, 87
plagosus, Chalcites, 32
plagosus, Cuculus, 32
plateni, Ninox, 143
platura, Stenopsis, 202
plesseni, Ninox, 138
plumifera, Aegotheles, 183
plumiferus, Podargus, 176
plumipes, Athene, 149
plumipes, Caprimulgus, 205
plumipes, Ephialtes, 98
plumipes, Otus, 98
pluvialis, Cuculus, 45
pluvialis, Piaya, 45
Podager, 189
Podargidae, 175
podargina, Noctua, 109
podargina, Pyrroglaux, 109
Podargus, 175
poecilocercus, Thelazomenus, 28
poeciluroides, Lamprococcyx, 34
poecilurus, Chalcites, 33
poecilurus, Chrysococcyx, 33
poensis, Apus, 250
poensis, Bubo, 119
poensis, Cypselus, 250
polillensis, Centropus, 76
poliocephalus, Caprimulgus, 210
poliocephalus, Cuculus, 20
poliolophus, Batrachostomus, 178
poliurus, Lamprococcyx, 32
Polophilus, 67
ponapensis, Asio, 170
ponapensis, Collocalia, 225
porphyreolopha, Corythaix, 8
porphyreolophus, Gallirex, 8
portoricensis, Asio, 170
powelli, Otus, 90
praevelox, Chaetura, 240
pratincola, Strix, 80
pratincola, Tyto, 80
pravata, Penthoceryx, 22
prionurus, Cacomantis, 27
prionurus, Cuculus, 27
propinquus, Caprimulgus, 213
propinquus, Centropus, 68
Protostrigidae, 77
Proturacus, 3
pruinosus, Caprimulgus, 187
pryeri, Otus, 98
pryeri, Scops, 98
Pseudociccaba, 87
Pseudoptynx, 120
Pseudoscops, 171
pseudovestita, Collocalia, 228
psilopoda, Strix, 107
psilopterus, Batrachostomus, 181
284
Psiloscops, 87
Ptiloleptis, 45
Ptiloleptus, 45
Ptilonycterus, 195
pucheranii, Cultrides, 63
pucheranii, Neomorphus, 63
pulcher, Aegotheles, 182
pulchra, Athene, 150
pulchellus, Caprimulgus, 214
pulchellus, Otus, 90
pulchella, Stryx, 90
Pulsatrix, 124
pulsatrix, Pulsatrix, 124
pulsatrix, Strix, 124
pumilus, Coccyzus, 41
pumilus, Otus, 103
pumilus, Podargus, 176
pumila, Strix, 129
punctatissima, Strix, 82
punctatissima, Tyto, 82
punctulata, Ninox, 144
punctulata, Noctua, 144
punensis, Speotyto, 152
purpureus, Centropus, 71
pusillus, Chordeiles, 185
pusilla, Ninox, 138
pusillus, Otus, 94
pusilla, Pisorhina, 94
pycrafti, Glaucidium, 132
pygmea, Otus, 93
pygmea, Scops, 93
pymi, Centropus, 76
pyropyga, Coua, 66
Pyrrhocentor, 67
pyrrhocephalus, Cuculus, 56
pyrrhocephalus, Phaenicophaeus, 56
Pyrroglaux, 109
pyrrophanus, Cacomantis, 27
pyrrophanus, Cuculus, 27
quanzae, Caprimulgus, 210
queenslandica, Ninox, 137
quercinus, Otus, 102
querulus, Cacomantis, 23
radiatus, Carpococcyx, 64
radiatum, Glaucidium, 133
radiata, Strix, 133
radiceus, Calobates, 64
radiceus, Carpococcyx, 64
radiolosus, Neomorphus, 63
rarum, Glaucidium, 129
INDEX
rarus, Otus, 95
rectunguis, Centropus, 69
reichenowi, Apus, 246
reichenowi, Collocalia, 227
reichenowi, Corythaix, 4
Reinarda, 254
remigialis, Ninox, 138
renauldi, Carpococcyx, 64
reyi, Ninox, 143
reynaudii, Coua, 65
Rhabdoglaux, 136
Rhamphococcyx, 54
Rhamphomantis, 28
Rhaphidura, 235
rhenana, Strix, 78
Rhinococcyx, 54
Rhinoptynx, 166
Rhinortha, 53
Rhopodytes, 51
richardsoni, Aegolius, 173
richardsoni, Nyctale, 173
richmondi, Chaetura, 236
ridgwayi, Aegolius, 174
ridgwayi, Antrostomus, 198
ridgwayi, Caprimulgus, 198
ridgwayi, Cryptoglaux, 174
ridgwayi, Glaucidium, 130
rileyi, Coccyzus, 43
rileyi, Strix, 158
riordani, Tyto, 83
riverae, Phodilus, 86
robertsi, Glaucidium, 132
robinsoni, Collocalia, 222
roboratus, Otus, 105
robustus, Asio, 168
rochii, Cuculus, 20
roehli, Apus, 247
rogersi, Owenavis, 28
rogersi, Podargus, 176
rogersi, Rossornis, 209
romainei, Antiurus, 202
romblonis, Otus, 93
roraimae, Caprimulgus, 200
roraimae, Otus, 105
roraimae, Scops, 105
roraimae, Systellura, 200
rosenbergi, Caprimulgus, 196
rosenbergi, Nyctiphrynus, 196
rosenbergii, Strix, 82
rosenbergii, Tyto, 82
roseoaxillaris, Ninox, 146
roseoaxillaris, Spiloglaux, 146
rossae, Musophaga, 9
rosseliana, Ninox, 144
rossi, Podargus, 176
Rossornis, 196
rostratus, Aegolius, 173
rostrata, Cryptoglaux, 173
rostrata, Speotyto, 151
royana, Ninox, 140
rudolfi, Ninox, 138
rudolphi, Ninox, 138
rufa, Aegotheles, 182
rufa, Athene, 136
rufus, Caprimulgus, 197
rufum, Glaucidium, 132
rufus, Glaucidium, 131
rufa, Ninox, 136
rufescens, Aegotheles, 182, 184
rufescens, Centropus, 76
rufescens, Glaucidium, 134
rufescens, Otus, 87
rufescens, Pyrrhocentor, 76
rufescens, Strix, 87, 164
ruficeps, Coua, 65
ruficervix, Caprimulgus, 200
ruficervix, Stenopsis, 200
ruficollis, Caprimulgus, 203
ruficollis, Chalcites, 34
ruficollis, Lamprococcyx, 34
ruficolor, Strix, 148
rufifacies, Sceloglaux, 147
rufigena, Caprimulgus, 210
rufigularis, Coceyzus, 45
rufigularis, Dromococcyx, 60
rufigularis, Piaya, 45
rufiloris, Phoenicophaus, 55
rufiloris, Rhamphococcyx, 55
rufipennis, Cultrides, 63
rufipennis, Neomorphus, 63
rufipennis, Otus, 92
rufipennis, Scops, 92
rufipes, Strix, 163
rufiventer, Cuculus, 39
rufiventer, Eudynamys, 39
rufiventris, Lurocalis, 185
rufomerus, Chalcites, 33
rufomerus, Chrysococcyx, 33
rufostrigata, Athene, 137
rufostrigata, Ninox, 137
rukensis, Collocalia, 225
rumenicus, Cuculus, 18
rupestris, Caprimulgus, 186
rupestris, Chordeiles, 186
INDEX 285
ruspolii, Tauraco, 6
ruspolii, Turacus, 6
russatus, Chalcites, 34
russata, Chrysococcyx, 34
ruthenus, Bubo, 114
rutilus, Antrostomus, 198
rutilus, Caprimulgus, 198
rutila, Chaetura, 239
rutilus, Cuculus, 48
rutila, Hirundo, 239
rutilus, Otus, 96
rutilus, Scops, 96
ruwenzorii, Caprimulgus, 210
Ruwenzorornis, 8
sabini, Chaetura, 237
sablei, Strix, 162
sablei, Syrnium, 162
sagittatus, Ephialtes, 87
sagittatus, Otus, 87
saharae, Athene, 148
saharae, Caprimulgus, 205
saharae, Strix, 148
sakhalinense, Syrnium, 165
saliens, Rhopodytes, 52
salvadorii, Aegotheles, 184
salvadorii, Caprimulgus, 207
salvadorii, Chalcites, 33
salvadorii, Eudynamys, 39
salvago-raggii, Scotopelia, 123
salvini, Caprimulgus, 198
salvini, Neomorphus, 62
sanborni, Strix, 163
sanctae-catarinae, Scops, 106
sancti-hieronymi, Panyptila, 253
sancti-jeromae, Panyptila, 253
sancti-nicolai, Strix, 160
sancti-nicolai, Syrnium, 160
sandwichensis, Asio, 170
sandwichensis, Strix, 170
sanfordi, Asio, 170
sanfordi, Micrathene, 135
sanfordi, Rhamphomantis, 28
sanghirensis, Eudynamis, 38
sansibaricum, Syrnium, 155
saonae, Saurothera, 50
sarasinorum, Centropus, 72
sarda, Athene, 147
sarda, Strix, 147
sartorii, Strix, 162
sartorii, Syrnium, 162
sarudnyi, Caprimulgus, 204
286
saturatus, Antrostomus, 200
saturatus, Bubo, 111
saturatus, Caprimulgus, 200
saturatus, Cuculus, 20
saturatus, Megascops, 100
saturatus, Phodilus, 85
saturata, Pulsatrix, 124
Saurothera, 49
savannicola, Musophaga, 8
savesi, Aegotheles, 183
saxatalis, Acanthylis, 253
saxatalis, Aéronautes, 253
scandiaca, Nyctea, 125
scandiaca, Strix, 125
Sceloglaux, 146
schalowi, Corythaix, 4
schalowi, Tauraco, 4
scheffleri, Glaucidium, 132
schillmélleri, Caprimulgus, 208
schistacea, Chaetura, 238
schistaceigularis, Cacomantis, 27
Schizorhis, 9
schmitzi, Strix, 77
schmitzi, Tyto, 77
schomburgki, Hydropsalis, 218
schubotzi, Apus, 246
schiittii, Corythaix, 5
schiittii, Tauraco, 5
sclateri, Chaetura, 238
sclateri, Scotornis, 216
scolopaceus, Cuculus, 37
scolopacea, Eudynamys, 37
Scops, 86
scops, Otus, 89
scops, Strix, 89
scotaea, Nyctala, 173
Scotiaptex, 156
scotinus, Bubo, 113
Scotopelia, 123
Scotornis, 215
scutulata, Ninox, 141
scutulata, Strix, 141
Scythrops, 40
segmentatus, Hydropsalis, 219
segmentata, Uropsalis, 219
selo-puto, Strix, 156, 157
Semeiophorus, 217
semenowi, Ketupa, 122
semicollaris, Acanthylis, 235
semicollaris, Aérornis, 235
semicollaris, Streptoprocne, 235
semitorquatus, Caprimulgus, 185
INDEX
semitorquatus, Lurocalis, 185
semitorques, Otus, 98
semota, Reinarda, 255
senegalensis, Chaetura, 240
senegalensis, Centropus, 74
senegalensis, Cuculus, 74
senegalensis, Otus, 93, 170
senegalensis, Scops, 93
senex, Aérornis, 235
senex, Cypselus, 235
sennetti, Chordeiles, 187
septentrionalis, Chordeiles, 185
septentrionalis, Nannochordeiles, 185
septimus, Batrachostomus, 178
sepulcralis, Cacomantis, 24
sepulcralis, Cuculus, 24
serico-caudatis, Antrostomus, 198
serico-caudatis, Caprimulgus, 198
serratus, Clamator, 13
serratus, Cuculus, 13
serriana, Coua, 65
setipes, Glaucidium, 127
Setochalcis, 196
Setopagis, 196
setosus, Caprimulgus, 199
setschuanus, Bubo, 116
severzowi, Caprimulgus, 204
shanensis, Strix, 158
sharpei, Caprimulgus, 214
sharpei, Chaetura, 240
sharpei, Chrysococeyx, 29
sharpei, Pulsatrix, 125
sharpei, Tauraco, 5
sharpei, Turacus, 5
shelleyi, Bubo, 119
shelleyi, Coccyzus, 43
shelleyi, Cypselus, 247
shelleyi, Huhua, 119
sheppardi, Notafrapus, 242
siamensis, Caprimulgus, 211
siamensis, Otus, 88
siaoénsis, Otus, 96
siaoénsis, Scops, 96
siberiae, Strix, 159
sibiricus, Aegolius, 172
sibiricus, Bubo, 114
sibirica, Cryptoglaux, 172
sibirica, Scops, 90
sibirica, Strix, 114, 163
sibiricum, Syrnium, 163
sibutuensis, Otus, 96
sibutuensis, Scops, 96
siguapa, Asio, 168
siguapa, Otus, 168
siju, Glaucidium, 129
siju, Noctua, 129
silvicola, Otus, 97
silvicola, Scops, 97
simalurensis, Eudynamis, 37
similis, Cuculus, 18
simplex, Caprimulgus, 212
simplicior, Caprimulgus, 206
simulans, Morococcyx, 59
simus, Cacomantis, 28
simus, Cuculus, 28
sinaloensis, Otus, 103
sinensis, Centropus, 70
sinensis, Eudynamys, 37
sinensis, Polophilus, 70
singalensis, Apus, 251
singularis, Rhamphococcyx, 55
Siphonorhis, 194
sirkee, Centropus, 53
sirkee, Taccocua, 53
sjéstedti, Glaucidium, 134
sladeniae, Apus, 248
sladeniae, Cypselus, 248
smaragdineus, Cuculus, 29
smaragdineus, Metallococcyx, 29
socorroensis, Micropallas, 135
socotranus, Otus, 94
socotranus, Scops, 94
sokotrae, Centropus, 75
solitarius, Cuculus, 16
solitudinis, Athene, 148
solokensis, Pisorhina, 95
solokensis, Otus, 95
solomonensis, Nesasio, 171
solomonensis, Pseudoptynx, 171
solomonis, Ninox, 145
somalicus, Apus, 249
somalicus, Micropus, 249
somaliensis, Athene, 149
sonneratii, Cuculus, 22
sonneratii, Penthoceryx, 22
sorocula, Strix, 82
sorocula, Tyto, 82
sororum, Collocalia, 227
soumagnei, Heliodilus, 77
soumagnei, Tyto, 77
sparverioides, Cuculus, 15
Speotyto, 150
spilocephalus, Ephialtes, 88
spilocephala, Ninox, 143
INDEX
spilocephalus, Otus, 88
spilogastra, Athene, 149
spilogastra, Noctua, 149
Spiloglaux, 136
spilonota, Ninox, 143
spilonotum, Syrnium, 154
spilopterus, Centropus, 69
spinicauda, Acanthylis, 238
spinicauda, Chaetura, 239
spinicaudus, Cypselus, 239
splendidus, Chrysococcyx, 34
splendidus, Cuculus, 34
spodiopygia, Collocalia, 228
spodiopygius, Macropteryx, 228
spurrelli, Scops, 88
squamatus, Cypselus, 255
squamata, Reinarda, 255
squamiger, Neomorphus, 62
squamipila, Athene, 144
squamipila, Ninox, 144
squamulata, Ciccaba, 153
squamulatum, Syrnium, 153
Steatornis, 174
Steatornithes, 174
Steatornithidae, 174
steerei, Otus, 96
steerii, Centropus, 70
steini, Collocalia, 226
stellatus, Batrachostomus, 178
stellatus, Caprimulgus, 212
stellatus, Podargus, 178
Stenopsis, 196
stertens, Tyto, 79
stewarti, Surniculus, 35
stictica, Strix, 81
stictilaema, Chaetura, 240
stictilaemus, Cypselus, 240
stictomus, Caprimulgus, 213
stictonotus, Otus, 91
stictonotus, Scops, 91
stirtoni, Piaya, 46
stonei, Lurocalis, 184
stormsi, Cuculus, 20
strenua, Athene, 137
strenua, Ninox, 137
strepitans, Bubo, 119
strepitans, Strix, 119
Streptoprocne, 233
stresemanni, Athenoptera, 89
stresemanni, Cacomantis, 24
stresemanni, Collocalia, 231
stresemanni, Hemiprocne, 259
237
288
stresemanni, Otus, 89
streubelii, Apus, 250
streubelii, Cypselus, 250
striatus, Apus, 245
striatus, Micropus, 245
stricklandi, Lophostrix, 110
stridula, Strix, 156
Strigidae, 86
Strigiformes, 77
Striginae, 156
strigoides, Caprimulgus, 176
strigoides, Podargus, 176
Strigonax, 121
Strix, 77, 156
stygius, Asio, 168
stygius, Nyctalops, 168
suahelicum, Syrnium, 155
subandeana, Tyto, 81
subarcticus, Bubo, 111
subeyanocephala, Eudynamys, 39
subfurcatus, Apus, 252
subfurcatus, Cypselus, 252
suboccidentalis, Ninox, 137
subpallidus, Cacomantis, 23
subtelephonus, Cuculus, 19
suinda, Asio, 169
suinda, Ciccaba, 154
suinda, Strix, 169
sulaensis, Otus, 96
sulaensis, Pisorhina, 96
sulcirostris, Crotophaga, 58
sumatrana, Bubo, 119
sumatranus, Cuculus, 51
sumatranus, Rhopodytes, 51
sumatrana, Strix, 119
sumbaénsis, Strix, 79
sumbaénsis, Tyto, 79
sumbawae, Collocalia, 230
sumichrasti, Nyctidromus, 193
sunia, Otus, 91
sunia, Scops, 91
superciliaris, Ciccaba, 154
superciliaris, Ninox, 142
superciliaris, Strix, 81, 142
superciliare, Syrnium, 154
superciliosus, Centropus, 75
superciliosus, Dasylophus, 56
superciliosus, Phoenicophaus, 56
superior, Ninox, 145
Surnia, 126
Surniculoides, 14
Surniculus, 35
INDEX
swarthi, Glaucidium, 128
swenki, Otus, 101
swinhoei, Bubo, 117
sylvatica, Acanthylis, 237
sylvatica, Chaetura, 237
sylvatica, Strix, 133, 159
Syrnium, 156
Systellura, 196
Taccocua, 53
Tachornis, 254
Tachymarptis, 244
Tachynautes, 255
tachyptera, Collocalia, 225
Tacitathena, 156
tagulae, Collocalia, 226
taitensis, Cuculus, 40
taitensis, Urodynamis, 40
takatsukasai, Centropus, 72
tamaricis, Caprimulgus, 205
tamaulipensis, Ciccaba, 153
tamaulipensis, Strix, 153
tametamele, Collocalia, 231
Tapera, 58
taprobanus, Clamator, 13
tarimensis, Bubo, 116
taruensis, Caprimulgus, 206
tasmanicus, Aegotheles, 183
tasmanicus, Chrysococcyx, 32
tasmanicus, Heteroscenes, 21
tasmanica, Spiloglaux, 140
tatei, AéGronautes, 253
tatei, Duidia, 253
tatibanai, Strix, 164
Tauraco, 3
tauricus, Bubo, 114
Telacanthura, 235
telephonus, Cuculus, 18
temminckii, Eurostopodus, 191
temminickii, Lyncornis, 191
tempestatis, Otus, 97
tempestatis, Pisorhina, 97
tenebricosus, Strix, 84
tenebricosa, Tyto, 84
tengmalmi, Strix, 172
tenuipes, Bubo, 115
tenuirostris, Cuculus, 23
tenuirostris, Polyphasia, 23
tephronotum, Glaucidium, 131
teres, Coccyzus, 43
terrae-reginae, Collocalia, 228
terrae-reginae, Cypselus, 228
terricolor, Ninox, 144
Tetragonopyga, 244
texensis, Chordeiles, 186
Thelazomenus, 28
theomacha, Ninox, 144
theomacha, Spiloglaux, 144
Thermochalcis, 196
thermophila, Piaya, 46
thespesia, Collocalia, 226
thierfelderi, Centropus, 68
thierryi, Centropus, 72
thoa, Hemiprocne, 258
thomensis, Chaetura, 237
thomensis, Strix, 78
thomensis, Tyto, 78
thompsoni, Otus, 104
threnodes, Cacomantis, 23
tianschanica, Surnia, 126
tibetanus, Bubo, 116
ticehursti, Strix, 158
tichelmani, Collocalia, 222
tingitanus, Asio, 170
tingitanus, Phasmoptynx, 170
tobagensis, Stenopsis, 201
tolimae, Speotyto, 152
tomlini, Otus, 104
tormenti, Micropus, 249
torquatus, Caprimulgus, 218
torquata, Strix, 124, 127
torridus, Caprimulgus, 206
totogo, Ctenoglaux, 141
totogo, Ninox, 141
toulou, Centropus, 71
toulou, Cuculus, 71
toulsoni, Apus, 248
toulsoni, Cypselus, 248
townsendi, Collocalia, 228
transcaucasicus, Bubo, 114
transvolgensis, Cryptoglaux, 172
tregellasi, Spiloglaux, 140
trichopsis, Otus, 103
trichopsis, Scops, 103
tricolor, Phaenicophaeus, 56
tridactyla, Strix, 165
trigeminus, Centropus, 76
trimaculatus, Scotornis, 214
trinitatis, Pulsatrix, 124
tristigma, Caprimulgus, 214
tristis, Melias, 52
tristis, Rhopodytes, 52
troglodytes, Caprimulgus, 199
troglodytes, Collocalia, 229
INDEX 289
troglodytes, Speotyto, 151
trothae, Bubo, 118
troughtoni, Tyto, 83
tschadensis, Centropus, 74
tschusii, Scops, 90
tsubame, Collocalia, 221
tubiger, Glaucidium, 133
tucumanum, Glaucidium, 131
tuidara, Strix, 81
tuidara, Tyto, 81
tuneti, Apus, 245
tuneti, Pisorhina, 90
Turacus, 3
turanicus, Otus, 90
turanica, Pisorhina, 90
turcmenica, Asio, 167
turcomanus, Bubo, 115
turcomana, Strix, 115
turkestanensis, Apus, 247
tymbonomus, Cuculus, 25
typicus, Nyctibius, 181
Tyto, 77
Tytonidae, 77
Tytoninae, 77
uamensis, Tachornis, 256
ucayalae, Glaucidium, 130
uchidai, Hirundapus, 232
ugandae, Caprimulgus, 211
ugandae, Otus, 94
ugandae, Pisorhina, 94
ugandae, Turacus, 5
ulula, Strix, 126
ulula, Surnia, 126
umbra, Otus, 93
umbra, Pisorhina, 93
umbratilis, Ephialtes, 98
umbratilis, Otus, 98
umbrina, Ciccaba, 155
umbrinum, Surnium, 155
undulata, Ninox, 136, 140
undulata, Strix, 140
unicolor, Apus, 250
unicolor, Collocalia, 223
unicolor, Cypselus, 250
unicolor, Hirundo, 223
unirufus, Centropus, 76
unirufus, Pyrrhocentor, 76
unwini, Caprimulgus, 205
uralensis, Strix, 163
Urococcyx, 54
Urocolus, 184
290
Urodynamis, 40
Uroglaux, 135
Uropsalis, 219
uropygialis, Collocalia, 231
ussheri, Chaetura, 239
ussheri, Scotopelia, 123
ussuriensis, Bubo, 115
ussuriensis, Ninox, 140
ussuriensis, Otus, 98
ussuriensis, Scops, 98
usta, Otus, 107
usta, Scops, 107
vafrum, Glaucidium, 131
vaga, Strix, 159
vagans, Cuculus, 15
validus, Cuculus, 14
validus, Pachycoceyx, 14
vandewateri, Otus, 89
vandewateri, Pisorhina, 89
vanikorensis, Collocalia, 226
vanikorensis, Hirundo, 226
varius, Cuculus, 15
varia, Strix, 161
variegata, Geococcyx, 60
variegata, Noctua, 145
variolosus, Cacomantis, 25
variolosus, Cuculus, 25
vauxi, Chaetura, 236
vauxi, Cypcelus, 236
Veles, 192
velox, Cuculus, 61
velox, Geococcyx, 61
velutinus, Surniculus, 36
venatica, Ninox, 140
venatica, Noctua, 140
venezuelensis, Piaya, 47
venustus, Penthoceryx, 22
vermiculatus, Antrostomus, 200
vermiculatus, Caprimulgus, 200
vermiculatus, Megascops, 105
vermiculatus, Otus, 105
verreauxi, Coua, 66
verreauxii, Musophaga, 7
verreauxii, Tauraco, 7
vestita, Collocalia, 227
vetula, Cuculus, 50
vetula, Saurothera, 50
vexillarius, Semeiophorus, 217
vicinus, Chordeiles, 188
victoriae, Eurostopodus, 190
INDEX
victoriae, Ninox, 137
victoriae, Podargus, 176
vidalii, Athene, 147
vidgeni, Cacomantis, 26
Vidgenia, 23
vieilloti, Saurothera, 50
vigilante, Glaucidium, 128
vinaceus, Megascops, 103
vinaceus, Otus, 103
vinacea-brunneus, Caprimulgus, 212
vincentis, Coccyzus, 43
violaceus, Centropus, 67
violacea, Musophaga, 8
virescens, Cacomantis, 24
virescens, Cuculus, 24
virgata, Ciccaba, 154
virgatum, Syrnium, 154
virginianus, Bubo, 112
virginianus, Caprimulgus, 187
virginiana, Strix, 112
viridipennis, Chaetura, 236
viridirostris, Rhopodytes, 53
viridirostris, Zanclostomus, 53
viridis, Carpococcyx, 64
viridis, Centropus, 71
viridis, Cuculus, 71
vittatum, Glaucidium, 129
vociferus, Caprimulgus, 199
vosseleri, Bubo, 119
vulcanorum, Collocalia, 222
vulpes, Heteroscops, 88
vulpes, Otus, 88
wahlbergi, Centropus, 73
waigeuensis, Collocalia, 226
waigoui, Cuculus, 19
waiti, Penthoceryx, 22
wallacii, Aegotheles, 183
wallacii, Dendrochelidon, 258
wallacii, Hemiprocne, 258
walleri, Strix, 85
walleri, Tyto, 85
wapacuthu, Bubo, 111
wapacuthu, Strix, 111
watsonii, Ephialtes, 107
watsonii, Otus, 107
websteri, Cacomantis, 25
wedeli, Lophostrix, 110
weiskei, Cacomantis, 26
wellsi, Cercococcyx, 21
westwoodia, Cuculus, 26
wetmorei, Otus, 106
whiteheadi, Collocalia, 221
whiteheadi, Otus, 97
whiteheadi, Scops, 97
whiteheadi, Syrnium, 157
whitei, Tyto, 83
whitelyi, Antrostomus, 203
whitelyi, Athene, 134
whitelyi, Caprimulgus, 203
whitelyi, Glaucidium, 134
whitneyi, Athene, 135
whitneyi, Micrathene, 135
wiedenfeldi, Aegotheles, 183
wiepkeni, Strix, 157
wiepkeni, Syrnium, 157
willkonskii, Strix, 159
willkouskii, Syrnium, 159
willsi, Apus, 245
willsi, Micropus, 245
wilsonianus, Asio, 167
wilsonianus, Otus, 167
wondiwoi, Aegotheles, 184
woodfordiana, Hemiprocne, 258
woodfordiana, Macropteryx, 258
woodfordii, Ciccaba, 156
woodfordii, Noctua, 156
woodfordi, Syrnium, 153
wyndhami, Chrysococcyx, 32
xanthorhynchus, Chalcites, 31
xanthorhynchus, Cuculus, 31
xantusi, Megascops, 102
xantusi, Otus, 102
xyostictus, Chordeiles, 186
INDEX 291
yalensis, Corythaeola, 9
yamadae, Strix, 160
yamashinai, Bubo, 115
yenisseensis, Bubo, 114
yenisseensis, Strix, 163
yorki, Caprimulgus, 208
yorki, Collocalia, 226
yorki, Ninox, 139
yorki, Polophilus, 69
yorki, Vidgenia, 26
youngi, Crotema, 215
yradii, Cypselus, 254
yucatanensis, Nyctidromus, 193
yucatanicus, Caprimulgus, 195
yucatanicus, Otophanes, 195
zaissanensis, Bubo, 116
zaleucus, Chordeiles, 186
Zanclostomus, 54
zanzibaricus, Tauraco, 6
zanzibaricus, Turacus, 6
zarudnyi, Pisorhina, 90
zenkeri, Tauraco, 3
zenkeri, Turacus, 3
zeylonensis, Ketupa, 122
zeylonensis, Strix, 122
zonaris, Hirundo, 234
zonaris, Streptoprocne, 234
zonurus, Chizaerhis, 10
zonurus, Crinifer, 10
Zoonava, 221
zoonava, Collocalia, 228
Zoonavena, 241
zottae, Tyto, 81
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