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CHECK-LIST 
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


VOLUME IV 


MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 
HARVARD UNIVERSITY 
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02138 


CEE CK-LIsT 
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


VOLUME IV 


BY 


JAMES LEE PETERS 


CURATOR OF BIRDS, MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY 
AT HARVARD COLLEGE 


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CAMBRIDGE 


HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS 
1940 


Reprinted 
by 
Museum of Comparative Zoology 
1964 


COPYRIGHT, 1940 
BY THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE 


Reprinted 1964 


INTRODUCTION 


IN THE PREPARATION of this volume I have attempted to 
adhere to the general plan originally outlined in the intro- 
duction to the first volume; no basic changes have been 
made in this scheme, but additional explanatory paragraphs 
have appeared in the introduction to volumes 2 and 3. 

The treatment of the orders dealt with in this volume has 
been brought up to 31 December 1938; a very few forms 
described early in 1939 are included, but no pretense has 
been made of keeping the work up to date after 1938. None 
of the included Orders has been completely monographed or 
listed since the turn of the last century; the Owls have been 
particularly neglected, and for this reason an unusually 
large amount of time was consumed in preparing a fresh 
arrangement. 

With the completion of the Owls in this volume all the 
orders of birds included in the first volume of Sharpe’s Hand- 
list have been covered in this series, in addition the following 
orders dealt with in the second volume of Sharpe have also 
been treated: — Psittaciformes, Cuculiformes, Caprimulgi- 
formes and Apodiformes (part, suborder Apodi). Excluding 
those orders just mentioned, it may be of interest to give 
some comparative figures showing the number of genera and 
species included in Sharpe’s first volume and the genera and 
forms recognized in the first four volumes of the present 
series of Check-Lists: 


Sharpe Vol. 1, 1899 830 genera, 3626 species 
Peters “ 1, 1931 281 genera, 1726 forms 

72-1934 198. §  ot913. 4% 

So lo3sr. ol) 875 “  (Columbiformes only) 

“ 4,1940 29 592 “  (Strigiformes only) 


Total 569 genera, 5106 forms 


vl INTRODUCTION 


A decrease of 261 in the number of genera and an increase of 
1480 species and subspecies. 

There is always a temptation to take daily blessings for 
granted, and for this reason the average systematist is not 
as appreciative as he might be of indispensable bibliographic 
aids. It is therefore a pleasure to acknowledge the valuable 
assistance received from the Aves section of the Zodlogical 
Record under the successive editorships of Alfred Newton, 
1864-1870, R. B. Sharpe, 1871-1908 and W. L. Sclater 1909 
to the present day; C. Davies Sherborn’s Index Animalium; 
the Nomenclator Animalium of the Preussischen Akademie; 
J. T. Zimmer’s Catalogue of the Ayer Ornithological Library 
and C. W. Richmond’s Lists of Generic Terms applied to 
Birds. 

Proofs have been read in this country by Dr. J. P. Chapin, 
Dr. Herbert Friedmann, Dr. Ernst Mayr, Mr. J. H. Riley, 
Dr. Alexander Wetmore and Mr. J. T. Zimmer; in England 
by Maj. C. H. B. Grant, Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Dr. W. L. 
Selater and Dr. C. B. Ticehurst. Owing to conditions in 
Europe no attempt was made to circulate proofs among 
German and Russian ornithologists. 

I would extend my thanks to the following gentlemen who 
have assisted at various stages in the preparation of this 
volume for advice, suggestions, replies to inquiries and for 
verifying references: Dr. G. M. Allen, Dr. J. P. Chapin, Dr. 
Herbert Friedmann, Mr. James C. Greenway, Jr., the late 
Dr. Joseph Grinnell, Count Nils Gyldenstolpe, Dr. C. E. 
Hellmayr, Dr. G. C. A. Junge, Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Dr. 
Alfred Laubmann, Mr. Arthur Loveridge, Mr. George Mack, 
Mr. G. M. Mathews, Dr. Ernst Mayr, Dr. Wilhelm Meise, 
Mr. H. G. K. Molineux, Mr. R. T. Moore, Prof. Oscar 
Neumann, Dr. O. M. de O. Pinto, Mr. C. H. Rogers, 
Mr. R. M. de Schauensee, Dr. Boris Stegmann, Dr. Erwin 
Stresemann, Dr. Alexander Wetmore and Mr. J. T. 
Zimmer. 

I am indebted to the authorities of the British Museum, 


INTRODUCTION Vil 


United States National Museum, Academy of Natural Sci- 
ences, Field Museum of Natural History, Carnegie Museum 
and Princeton Museum of Zodlogy for the loan of necessary 
material. I am continually grateful to Dr. Thomas Barbour 
for his encouragement and coéperation. 

Mrs. R. E. Bowen has painstakingly typed the entire man- 
uscript and prepared the index. Mrs. Peters has aided me 
greatly during many boresome evenings spent on reading 


back proof. 
J, Ly P. 


Cambridge, Massachusetts 
31 December 1939 


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CONTENTS 


ORDER CucULIFoRMES, Plantain-eaters, Cuckoos . 
DUBORDER MUSOPHAGE <<... .. 0): 2. . 
Family Musophagidae, Plantain-eaters .. . 
Genus Paurscoviluk. . =<.) 2° 2 os5 
Gallsrexsiessons 

Ruwenzorornis Neumann .. . 

Musophaga Jsert ....... 

Corythaeola Heine ...... 
Griniferdarocin . . 20 .'. 5 0% 

Subgenus Criniferoides Roberts . . 

Crinifer Jarocki ... . 

Corythaixoides A. Smith 


Gymnoschizorhis Schalow . . 


SEXORDERUCHED a2io7.) oe eS 
Family Cuculidae, Cuckoos ........ 
Bubtamuly Cuculinse as. . so 1 «2 a's 
Genus Clamator Kaup. ....... 
Pachycoccyx Cabanis ..... 

Cuenlisiianné-: and. OP: 

Cercococcyx Cabanis. . . .. . 

Penthoceryx Cabanis and Heine . 


Cacomantis Cabanis and Heine . . . 


Rhamphomantis Salvadori . . . 
Misocalius Cabanis and Heine 
Chryssco¢eyx Bore . 20: 
Chalcites Lesson ....... 
Caliechthrus Cabanis and Heine 
Surmiculus:Lesson . ..-. . . . 
Microdynamis Salvadori . . . . 
Eudynamys Vigors and Horsfield 
Urodynamis Salvadori . . . . . 
Scythrops Latham. ...... 
Subfamily Phaenicophaeinae ...... . 
Genus Coccyzus Vieillot . . . .... 
Binyashessom "i 62S BP. 
Subgenus Hyetornis Sclater. . . . 
Piaya Lesson <.  .. 
Coccycua Lesson. . . . 
Genus Saurothera Vieillot . . .. . . 
Ceuthmochares Cabanis and Heine 
Rhopodytes Cabanis and Heine . 
Taccocua Lesson 


Rhinortha Vigors . Fi aids ing 


© © 00 COO NI WwW WW Ww 


CONTENTS 


Zanclostomus Swamson 6. 2... .4 ee 
Rhamphocoeccyx Cabanis and Heine... . . . 
Phaenicophaetis Stephens’. 2 oe ks ae 
Daesylophus Swainson... 222. 5 «eee 
Lepidogrammus Reichenbach . ........ 


Subfamily Crotophaginae, Anis, Guiras ......... 


Genus Crotophiasa Jan76 ot 0. auido pe ee 
Guira Lesson... <<. Aaa ke 


Subfamily Neomorphinae, Roadrunners, Ground Cuckoos 


Genus Tapnera Thamberg oo: ulecsviedeuenhl > cue eee 
Morococeyx Sclater,...2 s. <tenn: 2/0. eee 
Dromococeyx Wed.) od cu dtodd: ee 
Geococeyx Wagler, 40 noe tinct. > ee 
Neomiorphuns Gloger: aj ss% on aenilal: eee 
Carpocoeeyx:G: Ba Gray: cuir. se ce 


Subfamily Couimse; Cowas: pic. pasouew 2 2. 5 6 8 Se 


GenustCous:Schii2a Wawel 2 oe 


Subfamily Centropodinae, Coucals. ........2... 


Genus Centropus Ihger .. 2.3 fica i) yids tee 


Orper Stricivormes, Owls |... . . s «+ auaiisess > Se 
Family Protostripidae (fossil). . 2 3)% com --oo yet 


Tytonidae; Barn’ Owls, 01." \ancenae Ayeths) @ coe 


Sublamily Tytonmae . 2... cscs edelecyet yo se 


Genus Tyte Bilberg:.. coc? yepuamnnceal 1a, 6 een 


Subfamily Phodilinges 4.0), oo 8) & ecyecncdivl | ee 


Genus Phodilus Geoffroy Saint Hilaire... ..... 


Family Strigidae, Typical Owls.s<, 39 cn ornNanm Eh = eee 
Subfamuly Buboninaeg 62... «0 aha! tml ageenls cy eee 


Genus Otus Pentiant  .-2.0% nnemcnee $2 ee 
Pyrrogiaux Yamashina,.« <4 t.5)- - ee 
Mimizukn Hachisuka.% 90. d4405 6. + 
Jubule Bates . .. secue tastes nie 0 eee 
Lophostrix Less67t nh i pna, pau beeen eae «0 
BUDO Dat ous acide S anh oe poeregeee Aeon 
Pseudoptynx Kaun. 1.% son sna ics eee 
Kefupa Lesson... svete ui syle ee 
Seotopelia Bonaparte win oh ovcc hin vio 2) ae 
Pulsatrix Kau . .i¥soS lope Sele 

Subgenus Pulsatrix Kaupi. 00% oan = ee 
Novipulsatrix.L..Kelso.....4.9. = Sue 

Genus Nyetes Stephens. oe xp ucv@ os 2 + = oe 
Surnia, Dumeril 2% 0 0sevnety s+ 2) 2 ee 
Glauciditim Bete: o.i 6c) na, nda loseen thane 
Micrathene, Canesy ns 6 cy stacy tet ent = ee 
Uroglatig MGgr ojia0 dak) ioty eeeneee me eee 
Ninox Hodgson... joriend oreeiaaeils eee 
Gymnoglaux Cabants. 0% sts, = eee 


CONTENTS xl 


wecloriaux ciaup lies ose atone’. zis. 146 

INGMETICLBOLE Von ais cic t Sue co SBE 147 
SpcotysorGragennc 2006. VAs haat keller aad OH. 150 

CAGCAISA  GGler Ae ooh *). MRRORG Peteee 153 

DUbrAmMily SLTIgIIne: .... «- MOBtaS MIT. gs. 156 
Genus ouix Linné Vero eye oor. FF... 5. 156 
RninOpiynE Maines . FIBA, 6 a 6 5k 166 

AO BTtEROn eas AK, SIRT OS tec a a 167 

Pseudescops Waup A Meech. we ae 171 

Nesasio: Peters... aehinvn euateseihs.. 3s 4% % iia 
AsroliisGup:. WRN weiner see a 8s 171 

ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES, Oil-birds, Goatsuckers ....... 174 
BEBORDER OTBATORNITHMS. £2:(%2h Wisnly ) geile Noysiaee es. 174 
Kamily Steatornithidae, Oil-pirds. .... 2s 6.9. 2 wee 174 
Genus pteatornis: Hamboldizs:. 2c oie... 2. «ss 174 
BUsORMWH WC APRIMUDGT,. cs 05.1. SPP o wa Sel Pte be 2. es 175 
Pamily Podargidae, Frogmouths 24) 2.0.04... .... 175 
Genus! Podargus Victor. 2 fa. ORR so fe 175 
Batrachostomus Gouldre=: ersecner. «42. ww. + uit § 

Bamily Nyetipudae,,Potoos ....2Sai. Ae IeoeG. . we es 179 
Genus Nyctibius Vaeilat baton) cy onnaniidaets Sele 179 
Family Aegothelidae, Owlet-nightjars ........2... 181 
Genus Aegotheles Vigors and Horsfield. ....... 181 
Family Caprimulgidae, Nighthawks, Goatsuckers ..... . 184 
Subfamily Chordeilinae, Nighthawks. .......... 184 
Genuselurecalis' Cassin ORI Gee. RI ew 184 
Chordetles Swainson, = 5. 6 cs ss ge 184 

Nyetipragne Bonaparte 20. oss oss ice 189 
EGUAPEEMIVUGICR Bf oie cect at. Oe ge Se ee 189 

Subfamily Caprimulginae, Goatsuckers ......... 189 
Genus Furostopodus Gowld. 2. ET. ee 189 

WEES EST 7 77 Oe aca 192 
NydadtomusGould! . 96 0k 2 sees wes 192 
Phalacnoptilus: Ridgway . . 1... . 5 sss 193 
PIDHOMOLMISSCIOLEn ats 2) ek, cal be ae eh ch 194 
Otophaneswsrewsrer 0; 1. . a 2 Pe 8, 3 eS 195 
Nyctiphrynis Bonaparte... 2.1. 62 ses 195 

RDTIMMUPUR MEINE 2 5 ok we ee See 196 
DEOLOLMISUSWGNNGON 6 20. . 4 t rise Je wae 215 
Macrodypteryx Swainson .......2... 217 
Semerophorts Gould...) 5. 2 6 te = ea) ws 217 

Hydropealis Wager . 262 3 2 6s he eS 217 

repeals mMiger ew ok ede. Shay ae 219 

IMIACHA DEALS NSCIATEN 8 21k il Posh Mie Sl) es 219 
lecthreptus:G. fe Gray oo 2. ks fe eee 220 

ORDER APODIFORMES, Swifts, Hummingbirds. ......... 220 


BEBGRDERPAPODE Wits aS S65 fea ie) cl ios ee, el 220 


CONTENTS 


Family Acgialornithidse: (fossil) 4A40.cotieelad "5 2 ee 
Bamuly Apodigge. . tis. coe... see Gale oe ee 
Subfamily Chaeturinae, Spine-tailed Swifts. ....... 
Genus: Collocalia CG) Ro Graymiow % pias. 5 2 a ee 
Hirund-apus Hodgson. |... ei See 
Streptoprocue Oberholser iis). ais eee 

Aecrornis: W. Bertoni. moles ey eee 

Chaetura Stephens _.. .2neart, eRe ee 

Zoonayens, Mathewws*.*. i ine eee 

Mearnsia Ridgway... fem 2 eee 

Cypselvides Sireubel . snes 5 Se 

Nephoecetes Baird: sac.) oats s\n 

Subfamily Apodinae, Typical Swifts. .......... 
Genus, Apus Scopolt. .- oC ki 44% sel eee ee 
Aecronautes Hartert’ 2... 2.0 ess eee 

Panyptila Cabanis . :.: . dao! 4ee 2a 
Tachornis'Gosse’ “lines tas: oe See 
Micropanyptila Sulton 0) 22) o) ae ee 

Reinarda Hartera.) “ivksiotisoe. =e 

Cypsiurus Lesson. :. eos) le SA 

Family Hemiprocnidae, Crested Swifts .......... 
Genus Hemiprocne Neizsch 52 3 se. 2) ae ee 


NEW NAMES PROPOSED IN VOLUME IV 


Glaucidium capense robertsi nom. nov. ....... .- 132 
Glaucidium brodiei peritum nom. nov. . ........ 133 
Caprimulgus cayennensis apertus nom. nov... . ... . 201 
Caprimulgus asiaticus eidos nom. nov. . ........ 211 


CHECK-LIST 
OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


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SUBORDER MUSOPHAGI 


Famity MUSOPHAGIDAE 
Genus TAURACO KuivuxK 


Tauraco Kluk, Hist., 2, 1779, p. 25. Type, by subsequent designation, 
Cuculus persa Linné. (Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polon., 
1, 1938, p. 26.) 

Turacus Cuvier, Lecons d’Anat. Comp., 1, 1800, 2nd table at end of 
volume. Type, by monotypy ‘‘Touraco” = Cuculus persa Linné. 

Proturacus Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 140. Type, by mono- 
typy, Proturacus bannermani Bates. 

Heuglinornis von Boetticher, Senckenbergiana, 17, 1935, p. 150. Type, 
by original designation, Turacus leucolophus (Heuglin) = Corythaix 
leucolophus Heuglin. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 52-67. 
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1980, p. 248-253. 
Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 370-378. 
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1902, p. 38-56. 
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 212+219. 
Sclater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 190-194. 
Stresemann and Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 48-49 (races of 
persa). 


Tauraco persa buffoni (Vieillot) 


Opethus Buffoni Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 304. 
(Locality unknown = Sierra Leone, fide Bannerman.) 


West Africa from Gambia to Sierra Leone. 


Tauraco persa persa (Linné) 


Cuculus Persa Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Africa, ex 
Edwards, pl. 7 = Gold Coast.)! 


West Africa from the Ivory Coast to Cameroon Mountain; Loango 
Coast and the region south of the lower and middle Congo, thence to 
northern Angola. 


Tauraco persa zenkeri (Reichenow) 


Turacus buffoni zenkeri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 44, 1896, p. 9. 
(Jaunde, Cameroon.) 


Southern Cameroon and Spanish Guinea. 


1 Turacus persa biittneri Reichenow, 1891, is a synonym. 


+ CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tauraco livingstonii schalowi (Reichenow) 
Corythaiz schalowi Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 39, 1891, p. 148. (West 
and central Africa, type from Novo Redondo, Angola.) 
All of Angola and probably adjacent portions of the Belgian Congo and 
northern Rhodesia; eastward extent not known but recorded from Dedza, 
southern Nyasaland (Vincent, Ibis, 1934, p. 767). 


Tauraco livingstonii marungensis (Reichenow) 
Turacus schalowi var. marungensis Reichenow, Vég. Afr., 2, 1902, 
p. 52. (Marungu and north of Lake Nyasa.) 
Southeastern Congo and northeastern Southern Rhodesia east to Lake 
Tanganyika and the northern part of Lake Nyasa. 


?Tauraco livingstonii loitanus (Neumann) 
Turacus livingstonei loitanus Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 378. 
(Loita Mts., Masailand.) 


Kenya-Tanganyika border from the eastern shore of Lake Victoria to 
the Loita Mts. Doubtfully distinct from 7. 1. marungensis. 


Tauraco livingstonii chalcolophus (Neumann) 
Turacus chalcolophus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 3, 1895, p. 87. (No 
locality = Mt. Gurui, Irangi district, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Confined to the Gurui Mts. in the Irangi district of Tanganyika Ter- 
ritory. 


Tauraco livingstonii cabanisi (Reichenow) 


Corythaix Cabanisi Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 31, 1883, p. 221. (Nguru 
Mts., Bagamoyo [district], Tanganyika Territory.) 


Tanganyika Territory from Bagamoyo and Ugogo southward to the 
Uzungwe Mts. 


NOTE. The status of Corythaix Reichenowi Fischer, Orn. Centralb., 5, 
1880, p. 174. (Nguru Mts.) is still unsettled; some ornithologists consider 
it a distinct species, others regard it as a hybrid between 7’. fischeri and 
T. 1. cabanisi (an impossible explanation) ; the majority consider it to be a 
color aberration cropping out chiefly in Tanganyika Territory, but recorded 
from as far south as Mozambique where it has been taken near Beira. 
Should reichenowt prove to be a variation, then the name will replace 
cabanisi of three years later date. 


Tauraco livingstonii livingstonii (G. R. Gray) 


Turacus livingstonit G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 44. 
(Manganja highlands, Nyasaland.) 


1 Turacus hybridus Reichenow, 1898, is a synonym. 


a 


FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 9) 


Forested highlands of southwestern Tanganyika Territory (Poroto, 
Ukinga, Njombe and Rungwe Mts.) southward, east of Lake Nyasa, to 
eastern Southern Rhodesia and the lower Zambesi valley. 


Tauraco corythaix phoebus (Neumann) 
Turacus corythaix phoebus Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 198. 
(De Kaap, Barberton district, Transvaal.) 
Northeastern Transvaal in the Zoutpansberg, Lydenburg and Barberton 
districts. 


Tauraco corythaix corythaix (Wagler) 

Spelectos Corythaix Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827 [sig. 8], Spelectos, sp. 1. 
(No locality = Cape of Good Hope, in the forests on the east coast 
at the entrance to the Anteniquoi country, ex Levaillant.) 

Southeastern South Africa from Zululand and Natal to Knysna, Cape 

Province. 


Tauraco schiittii schiittii (Cabanis) 
Corythaix Schiittti Cabanis, Orn. Centralbl., 4, 1879, p. 180. (Interior 
of southwestern Africa.) 


Gallery forests of the Congo valley east to the Aruwimi River in the 
Belgian Congo and south to the Cuanza River, Angola. 


Tauraco schiittii sharpei (Reichenow) 
Turacus sharpei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 182. (Semmio 
[i.e. Zémio on the Bomu River, Ubangi-Shari], Niam Niam country.) 
Niam Niam country. Status doubtful and range not worked out. 


?Tauraco schiittii finschi (Reichenow) 
Turacus finschi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 190. (Ndoruma, 
in extreme northeastern Belgian Congo.)! 
Upper Uelle River and its affluents, northeastern Belgian Congo. 


Tauraco schiittii emini (Reichenow) 
Turacus emini Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 30. (Bundako, 

Semliki valley, Belgian Congo.) 
Turacus ugandae Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 4. (Uganda.) 


Headwaters of the Uelle and Ituri rivers in the Belgian Congo east to 
Uganda, and extending into Kenya Colony to Kakamega and Nandi, and 
to the mountains west of the northern end of Lake Tanganyika. 


1 For exact situation of this locality see Neumann, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, 
p. 376; it is about 180 miles east of the type locality of T. s. sharpei. It is diffi- 
cult to understand the occurrence of two races of 7’. schiittit in a region where 
little geographical variation is known to occur; in all probability the differences 
will be found to be individual and not of geographic significance. 


6 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tauraco fischeri fischeri (Reichenow) 


Corythaix Fischeri Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 3, 1878, p. 88. (Witu, 
coast of Kenya Colony.) 


Coastal districts of East Africa from the Tana River to the Usambara 
Mts. and Tanga. 


Tauraco fisheri zanzibaricus (Pakenham) 


Turacus fischeri zanzibaricus Pakenham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, 
p. 111. (Jozani Forest, Zanzibar Island.) 


Confined to the type locality. 


Tauraco erythrolophus (Vieillot) 


Opaethus erythrolophus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 34, 1819, p. 306. 
(Africa.) 


Lower Congo river, south to central Benguella. 


Tauraco bannermani (Bates) 


Proturacus bannermani Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 43, 1923, p. 140. 
(Banso Mts., 6000 feet, north of Kumbo, Cameroon.) 


Confined to the high mountain valleys of the northern Cameroon 
highlands. 


Tauraco ruspolii (Salvadori) 


Turacus ruspolit Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 36, 1896, p. 44. 
(Supposed to have been taken near Lake Abaya in southwestern 
Ethiopia.)! 

Known only from the unique type in the Museum of Genoa. (See 

Salvadori, Ibis, 1918, p. 1-2, pl. 1.) 


Tauraco leucotis leucotis (Riippell) 
Corythaizx leucotis Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vég., 1835, p. 8, pl. 3. 
(Ethiopia.) 
Interior of northeastern Africa from Eritrea and Bogosland south over 


central and western Ethiopia to the sources of the Gelo, and the Gardula 
Mts. 


Tauraco leucotis donaldsoni (Sharpe) 


Turacus donaldsoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. 32. (Meo, 
Gallaland.) 


Eastern Ethiopia and western Somaliland from Harar to the Webbe 
Web and the Webbe Shibeli. 


1 Prof. Neumann in litt. suggests that 7’. ruspolii may prove to be a hybrid 
between 7’. fischeri and T’. l. donaldsoni and that the type may have been col- 
lected in the central part of southern Somaliland. 


FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 1 


Tauraco macrorhynchus macrorhynchus (Fraser) 
Corythaix macrorhynchus Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839, p. 34. 
(Aviary specimen, no locality = Sierra Leone apud Bannerman.) 
Forests of West Africa from Sierra Leone to the Ivory Coast. 


Tauraco macrorhynchus verreauxii (Schlegel)! 
Musophaga Verreauxti Schlegel, Journ. f. Orn., 2, 1854, p. 462. (Ga- 
boon.) 
Coastal forests from Benin province of southern Nigeria through western 
Cameroon, Rio Muni and Gaboon to the Congo; Island of Fernando Po. 


Tauraco hartlaubi (Fischer and Reichenow) 

Corythaix Hartlaubi Fischer and Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 32, 1884, 
p. 52. (Foot of Mt. Meru, Tanganyika Territory.) 

Turacus hartlaubi medius Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 18, 
p. 2 (in key), p. 3. (Mt. Kenya, 10,000 feet, Kenya Colony.) 

Turacus hartlaubi crissalis Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 13, 
p. 2 (in key), p. 3. (Mt. Mbololo, 4000 feet, Kenya Colony.) 

Turacus hartlaubi caerulescens Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, 
no. 13, p. 2 (in key), p. 4. (Mt. Gargues, North Creek, 6000 feet, 
Kenya Colony.) 

Highland forests of Kenya Colony and northern Tanganyika Territory 


from Mt. Elgon, the southern end of Lake Rudolf and Marsabit, south to 
Mt. Meru and the Usambara Mts. 


Tauraco leucolophus (Heuglin) 


Corythaix leucolophus Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 65. (Bahr 

el Abiad, Upper White Nile.) 

Central Africa from the Bamingui River and the upper Ubangi, east- 
ward across the Bahr el Ghazal and the upper White Nile to the Turkwell 
River, south to the upper Uelle, Uganda and the hills in northern Kavi- 
rondo. 


Genus GALLIREX Lesson 


Gallirer Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, 11, 1844, col. 110. Type, by 
subsequent. designation, Musophaga porphyreolopha Vigors (Gray, 
Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 149). 


cf. Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1902, p. 39-40. 
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 217-219. 


Gallirex porphyreolophus chlorochlamys Shelley 
Gallirex chlorochlamys Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 118. (Ugogo and Dar- 
es-Salaam.) 


1 Replaces Turacus meriani Riippell, Oct., 1851, and authors, not of Riippell, 
Jan., 1851. 


8 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


East Africa from Mombasa, Machakos and Ankole, west to Lake 
Tanganyika and the Loangwa valley, south to Tete and the Zambesi 
valley. 

Gallirex porphyreolophus porphyreolophus (Vigors) 

Corythaix porphyreolopha Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 

pt. 1, 1831, p. 93. (Africa inland from Algoa Bay.) 


Southeastern Africa from Mashonaland and the Mazoe River south- 
ward through the eastern Transvaal and southern Mozambique to Natal. 


Grnus RUWENZORORNIS NreuMANN 


Ruwenzorornis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1903, p. 14. Type, 
by original designation, Gallirex johnstont Sharpe. 


cf. Jackson and Sclater, Bds. Kenya Colony and Uganda Prot., 1, 1938, 
p. 522-523. 


Ruwenzorornis johnstoni johnstoni (Sharpe) 


Gallirex johnstoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 57. (Mt. 
Ruwenzori, 7000 feet.) 


Confined to the mountains of the Ruwenzori range. 


Ruwenzorornis johnstoni kivuensis Neumann 


Ruwenzorornis jonhstoni [sic] kivuensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. 
Cl., 21, 29 Feb., 1908, p. 54. (Western Kivu Volcanoes, 2400 metres.) 
Ruwenzorornis chalcophthalmicus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1 
Mar., 1906, p. 48. (Lugege [7.e. Rugege] forest, Kivu.) 
Confined to the mountains lying between Lake Edward and Lake Kivu 
in eastern Belgian Congo and Ruanda. 


Genus MUSOPHAGA IseErtT 


Musophaga Isert, Beob. und Entdeck, Naturk. Ges. naturf. Freunde 
Berlin, 3, 1789, p. 17. Type, by monotypy, Musophaga violacea 
Isert. 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 67-72, pl. 4. 


Musophaga violacea violacea Isert 


Musophaga violacea Isert, Beob. und Entdeck. Naturk. Ges. naturf. 
Freunde Berlin, 3, 1789, p. 18, pl. 1. (Accra, Gold Coast.) 
West Africa from Gambia to Nigeria occuring north to lat. 12° 30’ in 
the latter dependency; one record for northern Cameroon (Genderu Mts.) ; 
unrecorded from Liberia and the Ivory Coast. 


Musophaga violacea savannicola Grote 


Musophaga violacea savannicola Grote, Journ. f. Orn., 70, 1922, p. 398. 
(Buala, upper Sanga-Uam, French Cameroon.) 


FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 9 


Savanna country of the eastern part of northern Cameroon and adjacent 
portions of French Equatorial Africa. 


Musophaga violacea rossae Gould 


Musophaga Rosse Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1851 (1852), p. 93. 
(Western coast of Africa; the type is from Angola, fide Shelley, Cat. 
Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 449.) 

Savanna country and gallery forests from southeastern Cameroon east- 
ward across the northern Belgian Congo and the Bahr el Ghazal to the 
eastern shore of Lake Victoria (including Ukerewe Island), south to 
Benguella, the Kafue valley in Northern Rhodesia and southwestern 
Tanganyika Territory; absent from the rain forest areas. 


GENus CORYTHAEOLA HEINE 


Corythaeola Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 8, 1860, p. 190. Type, by mono- 
typy, Musophaga cristata Vieillot. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 72-75, pl. 1. 
van Someren, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 48. 


Corythaeola cristata cristata (Vieillot) 

Musophaga cristata Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 68. (Africa.) 

Forested regions of Africa from Casamance to Nigeria, eastward across 
the Ubangi-Shari to the Niam Niam country and south to northern 
Angola and southern Belgian Congo. 


Corythaeola cristata yalensis Mearns 
Corythzola cristata yalensis Mearns, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 65, 1915, no. 13, 
p. 5. (Yala River, Kavirondo, Kenya Colony.) 


Forested districts of Uganda and extreme western Kenya Colony 
(Mt. Elgon, Kaimosi, Yala River). 


Genus CRINIFER Jarocxr! 


Crinifer Jarocki, Zoologiia, 2, 1821, p. 181. Type, by monotypy, Phasi- 
anus africanus Latham. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 76-79. 
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 253-259. 
Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 64-71. 
Id., Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 366-369. 
Selater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 195-197. 


1 Replaces Schizorhis Wagler of Sharpe’s Hand-list; for details see Mathews 
and Iredale, Austr. Av Rec., 3, 1918, p. 146. 


10 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


SuBGENuS CRINIFEROIDES Roserts 


Criniferoides Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 11, 1926, p. 218. Type, by 
original designation, Chizaerhis leucogaster Riippell. 


Crinifer leucogaster (Riippell) 
Chizerhis leucogaster Riippell, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1842 (June), 
p.9. (Ethiopia.) 
Chizdrhis leucogaster Riippell, Mus. Senckenb., 3, 1842, p. 127. (South- 
ern provinces of Ethiopia.) 
Southern Mongalla, Lake Zwai, the Hawash region of Ethiopia and all 
of Somaliland, southward over Kenya Colony and eastern Tanganyika 
Territory east of the Rift Valley. 


SuBGENus CRINIFER Jarocxk1 


Crinifer africanus zonurus (Riippell) 
Chizaerhis zonurus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., V6g., 1835, p. 9, pl. 4. 
(Ethiopia in provinces of Temben, Dembea and in the Kulla.) 
Sennar and Bogosland, south over western Ethiopia (Nile and Omo 
drainage) to the eastern Belgian Congo, north shore of Lake Tanganyika 
and the southwestern and northeastern shores of Lake Victoria including 
Ukerewe Island. 


Crinifer africanus africanus (Latham ') 
Phasianus africanus Latham, Index Orn., 1790, p. 631. (Africa.) 


West Africa (but not the forested areas) from Senegal to Lake Chad and 
the Shari River, thence southward to Stanley Pool. 


?Crinifer africanus obscuratus Grote 
Crinifer africanus obscuratus Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 31, 1923, p. 63. 
(Bosun, eastern Cameroon.) 
If valid, probably confined to northeastern Cameroon. 


SusGENus CORYTHAIXOIDES A. SmitrH 


Corythaixoides A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1833, p. 48. Type, 
by original designation, Corythaizx concolor A. Smith. 


1 Mathews and Iredale (Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1915, p. 44) argue that Falco 
piscator Boddaert (Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 28) based on “‘Le Tanas, ou Faucon 
pécheur, du Senegal” of Daubenton, pl. 478 is an earlier name for this species. 
To recognize Daubenton’s plate as representing Phasianus africanus Latham 
requires more imagination than I am capable of using. 


FAMILY MUSOPHAGIDAE 11 


Crinifer concolor pallidiceps (Neumann) 


Corythaixoides concolor pallidiceps Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, 
p. 66. (Angola.) 


Angola and Damaraland. 


Crinifer concolor concolor (A. Smith) 


Corythaix concolor A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1833, p. 48. 
(Inland from Port Natal.) 


Corythaixoides concolor bechuanae Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932, 
p. 25. (Gaberones, Bechuanaland.) 


Corythaixoides concolor chobiensis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932, 
p. 25. (Kabulabula, Chobe River, northern Bechuanaland.) 


Nyasaland and Tanganyika Territory south of Usaramo and the 
Rufiji River, southward through Mozambique and the Transvaal to the 
Umfolozi River, westward to the interior of Bechuanaland and the 
Kalahari Desert. 


SusBGcENus GYMNOSCHIZORHIS ScHatow 


Gymnoschizorhis Schalow, Journ. f. Orn., 34, 1886, p. 11 (in key), p. 72. 
Type, by original designation, Chizaerhis personata Riippell. 
Crinifer personata personata (Riippell) 


Chizerhis personata Riippell, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1842 (June), 
p. 8. (Ethiopia.) 


Chizdrhis personata Riippell, Mus. Senckenb., 3, 1842, p. 127. (Southern 
provinces of Ethiopia.) 


Ethiopia, from the Hawash region and Harar south to the Gato River. 


Crinifer personata leopoldi (Shelley) 


Schizorhis leopoldi Shelley, Ibis, 1881, p. 117, pl. 2. (Ugogo, Tangan- 
yika Territory.) 
Gymnoschizorhis personata centralis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 
1908, p. 94. (Kitengule, Kagera River, Uganda.) 
East Africa from eastern Belgian Congo, Uganda and the region east 
of Lake Victoria, south to Lake Nyasa and Tanganyika Territory. 


12 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


SuBoRDER CUCULI 
Famity CUCULIDAE 
SUBFAMILY CUCULINAE 


Genus CLAMATOR Kauvprp! 


Clamator Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw., 1829, p. 53. Type, 
by original designation and monotypy, Cuculus glandarius Linné. 
Melanolophus Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. New name 
for Edolius Lesson 1830, not of Cuvier 1817. Type, by original 

designation, Cuculus serratus Sparrman. 

Cecractes (subgenus) Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. 
Type, by original designation, Cuculus jacobinus Boddaert. Not 
Cecractes Schénherr 1840. (Coleoptera.) 

Cecractana Strand, Arch. f. Naturg., 92, Abth. A, 1926, Heft 8, p. 57. 
New name for Cecractes Roberts, preoccupied. 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 102-111. 
Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 167-171; 
7, 1930, p. 382-333. 
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 266-274. 
Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 955-956. 
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 192-201 (sub nom. Coccystes). 
Stresemann, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 79-83 (melanistic mutants). 


Clamator glandarius (Linné) 


Cuculus glandarius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10,1, 1758, p.111. (Northern 
Africa and southern Europe; 1.e. Gibraltar, ex Edwards, pl. 57.) 


Breeds in the Iberian Peninsula, on Cyprus and from Asia Minor east 
to Persia and south to Palestine; northwestern Africa; Egypt. The Palae- 
arctic breeding birds migrate to tropical Africa in winter. Breeds also 
in Sierra Leone, Somaliland, Tanganyika Territory, Southern Rhodesia 
and South Africa; birds from the latter country migrate to tropical Africa 
in winter. 


Clamator coromandus (Linné) 

Cuculus coromandus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Coro- 

mandel.) 

Southeastern Asia from Garhwal, the Himalayas, Assam and the lower 
Yangtse valley, south over India, Burma, Malay Peninsula and Indo- 
china; Ceylon, Sumatra, Lingga Archipelago, Java and Borneo; straggler 
to the Philippines and Celebes. Occurs in China only as a summer resident. 


1 Replaces Coccystes Gloger, 1842 of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 13 


Clamator serratus (Sparrman) 


Cuculus serratus Sparrman, Mus. Carls., fasc. 1, 1786, no. 3 and pl. 
(Cape of Good Hope, 7.e. Cape Peninsula, Cape Province, South 
Africa!.) Melanistic phase. 

Coccystes hypopinarus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63, 
(1863) Heft 1, p. 47. (Cape of Good Hope = Rondebosch, Cape Pen- 
insula, ex Levaillant, Ois. Afr., 5, p.42.) Pied phase. 


East Africa from southern Ethiopia to Cape Colony; known only to 
breed in Cape Colony, Natal and Transvaal where present from October 
to March. 


Clamator jacobinus pica (Hemprich and Ehrenberg) 


Cuculus pica Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys., Aves., 1833, sig. 
r. note 2. (Ambukohl, Dongola.) 


Africa south of the Sahara to Damaraland, Bechuanaland and Natal. 
Found in the southern part of its range only from October to February. 
Persian Baluchistan, Afghanistan and northwestern India, breeding in 
Kashmir, Punjab and United Provinces and believed to winter in Africa. 


Clamator jacobinus jacobinus (Boddaert) 


Cuculus Jacobinus Boddaert, Tabl. Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 53. (Coro- 
mandel Coast, ex Daubenton, Pl. enlum., pl. 872.) 


Clamator jacobinus taprobanus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 22, 1915, p. 254. 
(Northwestern Ceylon.) 
Southern and eastern India, Assam and Burma south to Karenni and 
the Pegu Yomas; Ceylon. 


Clamator cafer (Lichtenstein) 


Cuculus cafer Lichtenstein, Cat. Rerum rar., Hamburg, 1793, p. 14. 
(Kaffirland, z.e. eastern Cape Province.) Normal phase. 


Coccystes albonotatus Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1881, p. 594. 
(Usambara Mts., Tanganyika Territory.)? 


Coccystes caroli Norman, Ibis, 1888, p. 407. (Ogowe River, Gaboon.)’ 


Africa from Senegal, the Sudan and Ethiopia, south to South-West 
Africa, Cape Province and Natal; south of the Zambesi present only from 
October to March. 


1 Fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 116-117. 

2 In the Ostrich, 9, 1938, p. 112-114, Roberts in reviewing Grant and 
Mackworth-Praed’s systematic notes on East African birds expresses strong 
disagreement with their findings, as well as with those of Stresemann, in syn- 
onymizing hypopinarus and albonotatus with serratus and cafer respectively, and 
presents arguments against this procedure. In the light of the evidence of 
South African field ornithologists, it is clear that these cuckoos should be 
freshly reviewed, in which case the arrangement might be quite different 
from that adopted here. 

3 See Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 124-126. 


14 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Genus PACHYCOCCYX Casanis 


Pachycoccyx Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. Type, by mono- 
typy, Cuculus validus Reichenow. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 99-102. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 224-225. 


Pachycoccyx audeberti validus (Reichenow) 
Cuculus validus Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 4, Sept., 1879, p. 139. 
(Muniuni, Tana River, Kenya Colony.) 
Coccystes Brazze Oustalet, Naturaliste, 1886, p. 299. (Diele, French 
Congo.) 
Forests of tropical Africa from French Guinea, Bahr el Ghazal and 
Kenya Colony, south to Gaboon, southern Congo and northeastern 
Tanganyika Territory. 


Pachycoccyx audeberti canescens Vincent 
Pachycoccyx validus canescens Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, 
p. 129 (Nhauela, lat. 15°25’ S., long. 37°25’ E., 2750 feet, 
Mozambique.) 
Southern Africa from Angola to Nyasaland and south to Oliphants 
River. 


Pachycoccyx audeberti audeberti (Schlegel) 

Cuculus Audeberti Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, Apr., 1879, p. 99. 
(Ambodikilo, near Mananare, southwestern shore of Antongil Bay, 
Madagascar.) 

Madagascar: Known only from the type in the Leyden Museum, one 

specimen in the Rothschild collection taken in the Rogez Forest and one 
specimen from the Sianaka Forest in the museum at Tananarive.! 


Genus CUCULUS Linnzé ? 


Cuculus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10,1, 1758, p.110. Type, by tautonymy, 
Cuculus canorus Linné (Cuculus, prebinomial specific name in 
synonymy.) 

Notococcyx Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by 
original designation, Cuculus solitarius Stephens. 

Surniculoides Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by 
original designation, Cuculus clamosus Latham. 


1 This bird is obviously conspecific with P. validus. 

2 Includes Hierococcyx 8. Miiller, 1845, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. There is 
no good reason for recognizing Hierococcyx as a genus. It is supposedly 
characterized by a short wing-tip, and the Accipiter-like barring of the tail also 
seems to have prompted its recognition. If there were only extremes to deal 
with it would be necessary to recognize Hierococcyx, since the short wing-tip 
of vagans and crassirostris presents a very different appearance from the con- 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 15 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 83-96. 

Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 135-153; 7, 
1930, p. 327-329. 

Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 942-955. 
Hartert and Steinbacher, Id., Erginzungsb., Heft 4, 1935, p. 378-380. 
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 36-49. 
Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 20-26. (Forms of fugaz.) 
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 181-194. 
Portenko, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17, 1931, p. 417-422. 
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 174-184. 


Cuculus crassirostris (Walden) 
Hierococcyx crasstrostris Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 9, 
1872, p. 305. (Northern Celebes.) 
Mountains of northern and central Celebes. 


Cuculus sparverioides sparverioides Vigors 


Cuculus sparverioides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1, 1831 
(1832), p. 173. (Himalayas.) 

Breeds between 3000 and 9000 feet in the Himalayas from Kashmir to 
Assam, and from Szechuan and the lower Yangtse valley south to the hills 
of Burma, Siam and Cochinchina; partially resident, but migratory in 
China. In winter to the Indian Peninsula, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, 
Java, Borneo, the Philippines and Celebes. 


Cuculus sparverioides bocki (Wardlaw Ramsay) 
Hierococcyx bocki Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1886, p. 157. (Mountains of 
western Sumatra; type from Mt. Sago.) 
Mountains of the Malay States, Sumatra and Borneo. 


Cuculus varius Vahl 
Cuculus varius Vahl, Skriv. Naturhist.-Selsk., Kjobenhavn, 4, 1797, 
Heft 1, p. 60. (Tranquebar.) 
Resident throughout India (except Sind and the Punjab) east to Bengal 
and Assam; Ceylon. 


Cuculus vagans S. Miiller ! 


Cuculus vagans 8. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk., 
pt. 8, 1845, p. 233, note. (Java.) 


dition found in the cuckoos with long wing-tips, canorus, saturatus or pallidus 
for instance. But considering all the species the differences break down. 
H. f. fugax has a wing-tip as long or longer than C. solitarius; on color and 
pattern C. micropterus should be a Hierococcyx but the wing-tip is that of 
Cuculus (sensu strictu). The resident race of poliocephalus could be placed in 
Hierococcyx while the migratory races have the Cuculus type of wing-tip. 

1 Replaces Hierococcyx nanus Hume, 1877, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


16 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tenasserim south over the Malay Peninsula; Mergui Archipelago; 
Siam; Java and Borneo. 


Cuculus fugax hyperythrus Gould 
Cuculus hyperythrus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1856, p. 96. 
(China, 7.e. Shanghai.) 
Breeds from Ussuriland southward to the lower Yangtse valley and on 
the Island of Hondo. In winter or on migration to southern China, Indo- 
china, the Philippines, Borneo and northern Celebes. 


Cuculus fugax nisicolor Blyth 
Cuculus nisicolor Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2, 1848, p. 943. 
(Nepal.) 
Breeds in the lower Himalayas from Nepal to Assam and south to east- 
ern Bengal, Siam and Indochina; recorded in breeding season in the Prov- 


ince of Kwangsi, China. Winter visitor to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, 
Siberut, Billiton and Java; Banka (?). 


Cuculus fugax pectoralis (Cabanis and Heine) 
Hiracococcyx pectoralis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862- 
63 (1863), Heft 1, p. 27. (Philippines.) 
Resident in the islands of Luzon, Mindoro and Cebu, Philippine Islands. 


Cuculus fugax fugax Horsfield 
Cuculus fugax Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 178. (Java.) 
Resident in the Malay Peninsula and Peninsular Siam, Java, Batu 
Islands, Siberut, Sumatra; Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Billiton, the Kari- 
mata Islands and Borneo. 


Cuculus solitarius Stephens 
Cuculus solitarius Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 84, pl. 18. 
(Caffraria and Madagascar = eastern Cape Province, ex Levaillant.) 
Africa from Portuguese Guinea, the Sudan and Ethiopia south to Cape 
Province. Migratory in the southern part of its range. 


Cuculus clamosus clamosus Latham 
Cuculus clamosus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx. (Cape of 
Good Hope = Cradock Division, Cape Province, fide Grant and 
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1936, p. 116.) 
Breeds throughout South Africa from Damaraland, Bechuanaland and 
Rhodesia south to Cape Province. In winter (and perhaps also breeding) 
north to Gambia, the Sudan and Eritrea. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 17 


Cuculus clamosus gabonensis Lafresnaye 
Cuculus Gabonensis Lafresnaye, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 5, 1853, p. 60. 
(Gaboon.) ! 
Forested parts of Cameroon, the central forests of the Belgian Congo, 
Gaboon and the Loango Coast. 


?Cuculus clamosus mabirae van Someren 


Cuculus mabire van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 116. 
(Kasala Forest, Uganda.) 


Forests of the eastern Belgian Congo and adjacent parts of Uganda. 
Doubtfully distinct. 


Cuculus clamosus jacksoni Sharpe ? 
Cuculus jacksoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 18, 1902, p. 7. (Toro, 
Uganda.) 
Bahr el Ghazal and southern Ethiopia south to Lake Edward and the 
region about Mt. Kenya. Recorded from northern Cameroon and 
Angola. # 


Cuculus micropterus micropterus Gould 


Cuculus micropterus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1837, p. 137. 
(Himalayas.) 

India (except northwestern) eastward through Assam and south through 
Burma to the Malay Peninsula; not recorded from Yunnan; eastern Asia 
from Shansi, Chihli and the lower Amur to Kwangtung and Kwangsi; 
Indochina; Siam (?); Ceylon. Migratory at least throughout its range in 
China; winters in the Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, Banka, Java and the 
Thousand Islands. 


Cuculus micropterus concretus S. Miiller 


Cuculus concretus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk., 
pt. 8, 1845, p. 236, note. (Borneo.) 


Resident on Sumatra, Java and Borneo. 


1 Cuculus aurivilli Sjéstedt, 1895 is a synonym. 

2 Whether the name Cuculus chalybeus Heuglin (Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, 
p. 34. — Ain Saba, Ethiopia) applies to the present form is a moot question 
which can only be definitely settled by an examination of Heuglin’s type, if 
still in existence. For arguments for and against the use of chalybeus see 
Friedmann, Bull. U. 8. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 264-266 and Bannerman, 
postea, p. 95, note. 

3 The records from Cameroon and Angola are difficult to account for as is 
also the range of jacksoni and mabirae in Uganda and the lake region between 
the Congo and Uganda; the variability of these races has perhaps not been 
sufficiently considered in identifying specimens. 


18 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cuculus canorus canorus Linné 


Cuculus canorus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 110. (Europe = 
Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.) 


Cuculus canorus rumenicus Tschusi and Dombrowski, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 
1904, p. 121. (Cernavoda and Sintesei, Rumania.) 

Cuculus canorus similis ‘‘Tschusi and Dombrowski’? Dombrowski, 
Ornis Romaniae, 1912, p. 372. (Rumania.) 


Breeds in Europe and western Siberia from the British Isles, Scan- 
dinavia and northern Russia (limits in Siberia not definitely known) 
south to the Pyrenees, the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and northern 
Persia. Winters in Africa from the equatorial region south to Cape Colony, 
but not in tropical West Africa. 


Cuculus canorus bangsi Oberholser 
Cuculus canorus bangst Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919, 
p. 22. New name for Cuculus canorus minor A. E. Brehm, 1858, not 
of Gmelin, 1788. (Northern and central Spain.) 
Breeds in Portugal (?), Spain, Balearic Islands, Morocco, Algeria and 
Tunis. Supposed to winter in tropical Africa; the wintering birds of the 
Cape Verde Islands may belong to this race. 


?Cuculus canorus kleinschmidti Schiebel 


Cuculus canorus kleinschmidti Schiebel, Orn. Jahrb., 21, 1910, p. 103. 
(Vizzanova, Corsica.) 


Corsica; Sardinia (?). Doubtfully distinct from C. c. canorus. 


Cuculus canorus johanseni Tschusi 
Cuculus canorus johansent Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 165. 
(Tomsk, Siberia.) 
Cuculus canorus maximus Neumann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 2, 1934, 
p. 332. (Maralnik, Agul River, East Sajan Mts.) 


Distribution not well worked out but apparently extending from Omsk, 
Tomsk, Achinsk and the Sajan Mts. southward to Semiretchie, the Kunges 
River and perhaps the Gobian Altai and the Iche Bogdo Massif; cuckoos 
recorded from the valley of the Yenesei at the mouth of the Kureika, 
Turukhansk and Krasnoyarsk may belong to this form. Winter range 
not known but migrants from the vicinity of Tashkent are probably refer- 
able here. 


Cuculus canorus telephonus Heine 
Cuculus telephonus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. (Japan.) 
Breeds in northeastern Asia from the Yakutsk region to Anadyr and 
Kamchatka, south to Manchuria, Korea, Japan and the Kurile Islands. 
Winters in India, the Malay Peninsula, Greater Sunda Islands and east- 
ward to New Guinea; recorded in winter from northeastern Africa. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 19 


Cuculus canorus fallax Stresemann 


Cuculus canorus fallax Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 38, 1930, p. 47. 
(Yao Shan, Kwangsi.) 
Breeds in China north to Pekin, south to Kwangsi and Kwangtung and 
extending up the Yangtse valley to central Szechwan. Winter range not 
worked out. 


Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert 


Cuculus canorus bakeri Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 948. 
(Shillong, Assam.) 

Breeds from eastern Kokonor and southwestern Kansu southward 
through western Szechwan and western Kansu (probably adjacent parts 
of eastern Tibet) to Burma (Pegu Yomas) and the Shan States. In winter 
moving into the plains of Assam, and eastern Bengal and to Indochina. 


Cuculus canorus subtelephonus Zarudny 


Cuculus canorus subtelephonus Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 5, 1914, p. 108, 
115. (Turkestan.) 


Cuculus canorus kwenlunensis Portenko, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 17, 
1931, p. 417. (Nija Oasis, southern Kashgaria.) 

Transcaspia, Russian Turkestan and western Chinese Turkestan; 
recorded from the western slopes of the Ala Shan in extreme southern 
Mongolia, from the valley of the upper Huang ho and from a northern 
tributary of the Mekong in southeastern Tibet. Winters in East Africa. 


Cuculus canorus gularis Stephens 


Cuculus gularis Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 83, pl. 17. 
(No locality = Camdeboo, Cape Province, ex Levaillant.) 
Africa from Gambia, northern Nigeria, the Egyptian Sudan and Kenya 
Colony, south to Damaraland, Bechuanaland, Transvaal and Natal; 
present in the southern part of its range only from October to March. 


Cuculus saturatus horsfieldi Moore 
Cuculus horsfieldi Moore, in Moore and Horsfield, Cat. Bds. Mus. Hon. 
East-India Co., 2, 1856-58 (1857), p. 703. (Java.) 
?Cuculus optatus belli Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 83. 
(Lord Howe Island.) 


?Cuculus waigoui [sic] Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 291. (Waigeu.) 


Breeds throughout practically all of eastern Siberia north to the Arctic 
Circle, south to Persia (?),'the Altai, northern China, Manchuria, Korea 
and the Japanese islands south to Hondo. Winter range not exactly known 
to subspecies. Cuculus saturatus as a species winters in southern India, 
the Philippines, Sunda Islands, Celebes, Moluccas, Bismarck Archi- 
pelago, Solomon Islands, New Guinea, Waigeu and Australia. 


20 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cuculus saturatus saturatus Blyth 
Cuculus saturatus “Hodgson,” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 12, pt. 2, 
1843, p. 942. (Nepal.) 
Cuculus optatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 18. (Port 
Essington, Northern Territory.) 
Cuculus kelungensis Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 394. (Kelung district, 
Formosa.) 
Breeds in the southern Himalayas, Assam, Burma, the southern prov- 
inces of China and the Island of Formosa.} 


Cuculus poliocephalus rochii Hartlaub 
Cuculus rochit Hartlaub, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862 (1863), p. 224. 
(Madagascar. ) 2 
Forested portions of Madagascar, migrating from the east to the west 
in the rainy season; occasional in Africa to Uganda and eastern Congo 
and on Mauritius. 


Cuculus poliocephalus poliocephalus Latham 
Cuculus poliocephalus Latham, Index Orn. 1, 1790, p. 214. (India.) 
Breeds from the Afghanistan frontier throughout the Himalayas to 
Assam, western and central China, Manchuria, and Japan from Hondo to 
Kiusiu. Winters in southern India, Ceylon and the Andaman Islands; 
recorded from eastern China, the Bonin Islands, Formosa, Riu Kiu Islands, 
Cochinchina, etc., as a migrant or straggler. 


Cuculus poliocephalus insulindae Hartert 
Cuculus intermedius insulindae Hartert, Voég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 952. 
(Kina Balu, Borneo.) 


Resident on Borneo. 


Cuculus poliocephalus lepidus S. Miiller 


Cuculus lepidus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk., 
pt. 8, 1845, p. 236, note. (Timor.) * 


Resident in the Malay States, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, 
Flores, Pantar, Sumba and Timor. 


?Cuculus pallidus occidentalis (Cabanis and Heine) 


Heteroscenes occidentalis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 27, note. (West Australia.) 


1 For an account of the nomenclature, characters and ranges of the forms 
of Cuculus saturatus cf. Junge, Temminckia, 2, 1937, p. 198-202. 

2 Replaces Cuculus stormsi Du Bois, 1887. 

* Replaces Cuculus musicus Auct. not of Ljungh, 1804. The bird heretofore 
known as Penthoceryx sonnerati pravata (Horsfield) must become P. s. musicus 
(Ljungh) and the bird formerly called Cuculus poliocephalus musicus Ljungh 
becomes C. p. lepidus Miiller. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE a | 


West Australia and Northern Territory; doubtfully distinct from 
C. p. pallidus. 


Cuculus pallidus pallidus (Latham) 
Columba pallida Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lx. (New Holland 
= New South Wales apud Mathews.) 
Heteroscenes pallidus tasmanicus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, 
p. 58. (Tasmania.) 
Eastern and southern Australia; Tasmania. 


Genus CERCOCOCCYX Casanis 
Cercococcyx Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Cercococcyx mechowi Cabanis. 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 96-98. 
Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 313, 1928, p. 1-11. 


Cercococcyx mechowi Cabanis 
Cercococcyx Mechowi Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 30, 1882, p. 230. (Angola.) 


Cercococcyx mechowt wellsi Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, 
p. 7. (Bitye, River Ja, Cameroon.) 


Sierra Leone; Gold Coast; Cameroon, east to northern Uganda and 
south to northern Angola and central Belgian Congo. 


Cercococcyx olivinus Sassi 


Cercococcyzx olivinus Sassi, Ann. k. k. naturh. Hofsmus. Wien, 26, 1912, 
p. 341, 378. (Forest on the mountains bordering the eastern edge of 
the Rutshuru Plain, 1600 metres, Belgian Congo.) 


Gold Coast; Cameroon east to the Semliki valley, and south to northern 
Angola and Katanga. 


Cercococcyx montanus montanus Chapin 


Cercococcyx montanus Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 313, 1928, p. 6. 
(Kalongi, 6900 feet, Butahu Valley, Ruwenzori Range.) 


Mountain forests above 5000 feet from Ruwenzori south to Lake Tan- 
ganyika. 
Cercococcyx montanus patulus Friedmann 
Cercococcyx montanus patulus Friedmann, Proc. New Engl. Zodl. Cl., 
10, 1928, p. 84. (Bagilo, Uluguru Mts., Tanganyika Territory.) 
Apparently confined to the Uluguru and Usambara Mts.; the birds from 
Nyasaland should be referable to this form. 


Genus PENTHOCERYX CasBanis AND HEINE 


Penthoceryx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 16. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus sonneratiu Latham. 


22 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


cf. Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1919, p. 45-47. 
Id., Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 157-160. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 125-126. 


Penthoceryx sonneratii sonneratii (Latham) 
Cuculus Sonneratii Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 215. (India.)} 
India, Assam, Burma, Siam and southern Annam, south to central 
Tenasserim and Cochinchina. 


Penthoceryx sonneratii waiti Stuart Baker 
Penthoceryx sonnerati waiti Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1919, 
p.47. (Ceylon.) 


Ceylon. 


Penthoceryx sonneratii malayanus Chasen and Kloss 
Penthoceryx sonnerati malayanus Chasen and Kloss, Bull. Raffles Mus., 
no. 5, 1931, p. 84. (Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, Federated Malay 
States. ) ; 
Malay Peninsula south of the range of the typical form but not including 
the extreme south. 


Penthoceryx sonneratii fasciolatus (S. Miller) 

Cuculus fasciolatus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en 
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note. (Java and Sumatra,? restricted 
to Sumatra by Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus., 
8, 1923, p. 336, 359.) 

Southern Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Borneo, 

Philippine Islands (Palawan, Calamianes, Tablas.) 


Penthoceryx sonneratii musicus (Ljungh) 
Cuculus musicus Ljungh, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 24, 1803 
(1804), p. 309, pl. 6. (Batavia, Java.)? 
Java; a specimen listed from Timor in Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, 
p. 265. 


GEeNus CACOMANTIS S. Mier 


Cacomantis S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk., 
pt. 6, 1843, p. 177, note. Type, by subsequent designation, Cuculus 
flavus Gmelin = Cuculus merulinus Scopoli. (Salvadori, Orn. Pap. 
delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 331.)4 


1 In 1919 Stuart Baker gives “Bengal” as type locality but in 1927 this is 
changed to “North Cachar Hills.” 

2 This name antedates Penthoceryx venustus (Jerdon) which has been used 
for this race. 

3 Replaces Penthoceryx pravata (Horsfield), 1821, cf. Bartels, Orn. Monatsb., 
35, 1927, p. 21. 

4 Gray’s 1855 designation of Cuculus inornatus Vigors and Horsfield [= Co- 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 23 


Vidgenia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 311, 327. Type, by original 
designation, Cuculus castaneiventris Gould. 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 153-156. 
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 164-174; 33, 1926, p. 55-56. 
Mathews, Nov. Zool., 33, 1926, p. 53-54. 

Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1913, p. 382. 


Cacomantis merulinus passerinus (Vahl) 


Cuculus passerinus Vahl, Skriv. Naturhist.-Selsk., Kjobenhavn, 4, 
1797, Heft 1, p. 57. (Tranquebar.) 


India from western Nepal and Sikkim southward; Ceylon. Absent from 
the more arid parts; partly migratory. 


Cacomantis merulinus querulus Heine 


Cacomantis querulus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. New 
name for Polyphasia tenuirostris Jerdon 1862, not Cuculus tenuirostris 
Gray 1834, which = Cacomantis passerinus (Vahl). (Lower Bengal, 
Assam, Sylhet, Burma and China.) 


Assam eastward through Yunnan to Fukien, south through Burma, 
Siam and Indochina to the northern Malay States; Hainan. 


Cacomantis merulinus threnodes Cabanis and Heine 


Cacomantis threnodes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 19. New name for Cuculus flavus Blyth, not of 
Gmelin. (Malacca.) 


Cacomantis dysonymus Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 352. (Sunda 
Islands.) 


Malay States (except northern), Sumatra, Siberut, Engano, Borneo. 


Cacomantis merulinus subpallidus Oberholser 


Cacomantis merulinus subpallidus Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 
1912, no. 7, p. 5. (Lafau, Nias Island.) 


Confined to Nias Island. 


Cacomantis merulinus lanceolatus (S. Miiller) 


Cuculus lanceolatus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en 
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1843, p. 178, note. (Java.) 


Java. 


Cacomantis merulinus merulinus (Scopoli) 
Cuculus merulinus Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr., fasc. 2, 1786, 
p. 89. (Panay, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat, p. 121, pl. 81.) 
Philippine Islands. Birds recorded under this name from Bali are prob- 
ably not correctly identified. 


lumba pallida Latham] is invalid, since that species was not one of the origi- 
nally included species. 


Q4 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cacomantis merulinus celebensis Stresemann 


Cacomantis merulinus celebensis Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, 
p. 46. (Pasui, 600 metres, southern Celebes.) 


Celebes. 


Cacomantis variolosus sepulcralis (S. Miller) 


Cuculus sepulcralis S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en 
Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note. (Java and Sumatra.) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Simalur, Billiton, Borneo, Java, Bali, 
Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba; Philippine Islands (except Sulu 
Archipelago). 


Cacomantis variolosus everetti Hartert 


Cacomantis variolosus everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 166. 
(Tawi Tawi, Sulu Archipelago.) 


Philippine Islands: Basilan and the Sulu Archipelago. 


Cacomantis variolosus virescens (Briiggemann) 


Cuculus virescens Briiggemann, Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen, 5, 1876, 
p. 59. (Celebes.) 


Celebes, Banggai and the Tukang Besi group. (Binungko and Tomia.) 


Cacomantis variolosus oblitus Hartert 


Cacomantis variolosus oblitus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 167. 
(Batjan, northern Moluccas.) 


Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Batjan, 
Obi. 
Cacomantis variolosus aeruginosus Salvadori 


Cacomantis aeruginosus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, 
p. 458. (Buru, Amboina, Ceram = Buru, apud Hartert 1925, p. 166.) 


Confined to Buru. 


Cacomantis variolosus stresemanni Hartert 


Cacomantis variolosus stresemanni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 166. 
(Gunong Sofia, 3000 feet, Ceram.) 


Ceram and probably Amboina. 


Cacomantis variolosus infaustus Cabanis and Heine 


Cacomantis infaustus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Heft 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Th. 1, p. 23. (Misol.) 
Western Papuan Islands: Gebe, Waigeu, Salawati, Kofiau, Misol; 
Ceramlaut and Goram; Kei Islands; Southeast Islands; Aru Islands; 
New Guinea (except parts occupied by oreophilus); Jobi. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 95 


Cacomantis variolosus obscuratus Stresemann and Paludan 


Cacomantis variolosus obscuratus Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 
38, 1932, p. 202. (Numfor.) 
Confined to the Island of Numfor in Geelvink Bay. 


Cacomantis variolosus fortior Rothschild and Hartert 


Cacomantis assimilis fortior Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21, 
1914, p. 4. (Mountains of Goodenough Island.) 


Goodenough and Fergusson Islands; birds from Rook, Dampier and 
Vulcan islands may be referable to this race. 


Cacomantis variolosus oreophilus Hartert 
Cacomantis variolosus oreophilus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 168. 
(Hydrographer Mts., 2500 feet, west of Dyke Acland Bay, New 
Guinea.) 


Southwestern and southeastern New Guinea, recorded from the foot- 
hills of the Snow Mts. between the Mimika and Eilanden Rivers; the 
mountains of southeastern New Guinea and near Collingwood Bay and 
inland from Milne Bay. 


Cacomantis variolosus blandus Rothschild and Hartert 


Cacomantis blandus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914, p. 290. 
(Manus, Admiralty Islands.) 


Admiralty Islands. 


Cacomantis variolosus websteri Hartert 


Cacomantis websteri Hartert, in Cayley-Webster’s Through New Guinea, 
1898, app. 1, p. 370. (New Hanover.) 


Confined to New Hanover. 


Cacomantis variolosus macrocercus Stresemann 


Cacomantis sepulcralis macrocercus Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 
1, 1921, p. 37. (Blanche Bay, New Britain.) 


Bismarck Archipelago (except New Hanover). 


Cacomantis variolosus addendus Rothschild and Hartert 


Cacomantis addendus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901, 
p. 185. (Kulambangra, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands; recorded from Kulambangra, Rubiana and Malaita. 


Cacomantis variolosus variolosus (Vigors and Horsfield) 
Cuculus variolosus Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, 
pt. 1, 1826, p. 300. (Paramatta, New South Wales.) 
Cuculus tymbonomus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volk- 
enk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 177, note 3. (Timor.) 


26 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cuculus dumetorum Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 19. (Port 
Essington, Northern Territory.)! 

Cuculus brisbanensis Diggles, Trans. Queensl. Phil. Soc., 2, 1872, p. 12. 
(Norman’s Creek, Brisbane, Queensland.) See Mathews, Austr. Av. 
Rec., 1, 1912, p. 69. 

Cacomantis lineatus Dodd, Emu, 12, Jan., 1913, p. 165. (Nelson, 
northern Queensland.) 

Cuculus westwoodia Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 20 Mar., 1913, p. 190. 
(Central Queensland, type from Westwood, near Rockhampton, 
Queensland.) 

Cacomantis pyrrhophanus [sic] vidgent Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, 
p. 326. (Cape York, Queensland.) 

Northern and eastern Australia; on migration or in the ‘‘off season”’ 

to the Aru Islands, Moluccas, Kei Islands, New Guinea and the western 
Papuan Islands. 


Cacomantis castaneiventris arfakianus Salvadori 


Cacomantis arfakianus Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 40, 
1889, p. 177. (Arfak Mts.) Reprint, p. 49. ? 
Western Papuan Islands: Salawati, Misol; Island of Jobi; New Guinea 


from the Vogel Kop to the Weyland and Snow Mountains. (Mimika 
River.) 


Cacomantis castaneiventris weiskei Reichenow 
Cacomantis weiskei Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 8, 1900, p. 186. (Aroa 
River, 5000 feet, New Guinea.) 


Cacomantis castaneiventris bihagi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914, 
p. 92. (Bihagi, head of the Mambare River, New Guinea.) 


New Guinea from the Sepik region on the north and the Utakwa River 
on the south, eastward. 


Cacomantis castaneiventris castaneiventris (Gould) 


Cuculus (Cacomantis) castaneiventris Gould, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 
(3), 20, 1867, p. 269. (Cape York district, Queensland, Australia.) 


Vidgenia yorki Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 5, 1922, p.4. (Cape York.) 
New name for the bird figured in Bds. Austr., 7, pl. 366, top figs. 


Cape York Peninsula, south to Cooktown and the Claudie River. 


1Mr. George Mack informs me (in litt.) that specimens from northern Aus- 
tralia cannot be separated from those of eastern Australia. Further Dr. Junge 
writes me that C. tymbonomus Miiller is an earlier name for dumetorum, so if 
a north Australian race is to be recognized the former name must be used. 

2 Also issued as separately paged reprint, ‘‘Aggiunte alla Ornitologia della 
Papuasia e delle Molucche.”’ 

3 Some form of C. castaneiventris occurs on the Aru Islands. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE Q7 


Cacomantis heinrichi Stresemann 
Cacomantis heinricht Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 169. 
(Sibela, 1500 metres, Batjan.) 


Halmahera and Batjan, above 1000 metres. 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus! prionurus (Lichtenstein) 
Cuculus prionurus “Tll.”’ Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 
1823, p. 9. (New South Wales.) 
Cuculus rubricatus athertoni Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 11. 
(Atherton, North Queensland.) 
Cuculus rubricatus albani Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 12. 
(Albany, South-West Australia.) 
Cuculus rubricatus eyrei Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 320. (Eyre’s 
Peninsula, South Australia.) 
Eastern and southern Australia; Tasmania. On migration to the Aru 
Islands. 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus excitus Rothschild and Hartert 
Cacomantis excitus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14, 1907, p. 436. 
(Owgarra, Angabunga River, New Guinea.) 
Mountains of New Guinea: Arfak Mts., Weyland Mts., Nassau Range, 
Saruwaged Mts., Angabunga River. 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus meeki Rothschild and Hartert 
Cacomantis meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 586. 
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.) 


Recorded from Ysabel, Rennell and Bellona Islands in the Solomon 
Islands. 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus schistaceigularis Sharpe 


Cacomantis schistaceigularis Sharpe, Ibis, 1900, p. 338. (Espiritu Santo, 
New Hebrides.) 


New Hebrides. 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus pyrrophanus (Vieillot) 


Cuculus pyrrophanus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 234. 
(New Holland, error = New Caledonia.) 


New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands. 


1 The specific name pyrrophanus is used here in the sense in which it is em- 
ployed by Hartert, Nov. Zool., 33, 1926, p. 55-56; Cuculus cineraceus Vigors 
and Horsfield, 1827 is a synonym. Mathews believes that the name should 
be applied to the species referred to variolosus in this work and so uses it in his 
Syst. Av. Australas., pt. 1, 1927, p. 410. For the birds here listed under the 
specific name pyrrophanus Mathews uses prionurus. 

2 Replaces Cacomantis bronzinus (Gray), 1859 of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


28 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cacomantis pyrrophanus simus (Peale) 


Cuculus simus Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 134. (Sandalwood 
Bay, Fiji Islands.)! 
Fiji Islands. 


GENUS RHAMPHOMANTIS Satvapor1 


Rhamphomantis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, p. 459. 
Type, by monotypy, Cuculus megarhynchus G. R. Gray. 


Thelazomenus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 127. Type, by 
monotypy, Thelazomenus poecilocercus Reichenow. 


cf. Salvadori, Orn. Pap. delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 343-344. 
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 43. 


Rhamphomantis megarhynchus sanfordi Stresemann and Paludan 


Rhamphomantis megarhynchus sanfordi Stresemann and Paludan, Orn. 
Monatsb., 40, 1932, p. 17. (Waigeu.) 


Confined to the Island of Waigeu. 


Rhamphomantis megarhynchus megarhynchus (G. R. Gray) 
Cuculus megarhynchus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858, 
p. 184. (Aru Islands.) 
Thelazomenus poecilocercus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 127. 
(Middle Sepik region, New Guinea.) 
The Vogel Kop and interior of the northern coast of New Guinea east- 
ward to the Kumusi River; Aru Islands. 


GEeNus MISOCALIUS Casanis AND HEINE 


Misocaitus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), Heft 
1, p. 16, note. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus palliolatus of authors, not 
of Latham = Chalcites osculans Gould. 

Owenavis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 3. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Chalcites osculans Gould. 

cf. Mathews, Bds. Austr. 7, 1918, p. 331-337. 


Misocalius osculans (Gould) 
Chalcites osculans Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1847, p. 32. (New 
South Wales.) 
Owenavis osculans rogersi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 18. 
(Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.) 
Australia, chiefly in the interior. The extent to which this species is 
migratory is not known but it has been recorded from the Aru and Kei 
Islands and from Batjan. 


1 Cuculus infuscatus Hartlaub, 1866 is a “melanistic mutant” fide Strese- 
mann, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 77-79. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 29 


Genus CHRYSOCOCCYX Borr 


Chrysococcyx Boie, Isis von Oken, 1826, Bd. 2, col. 977. Type, by 
monotypy, Cuculus cupreus Latham = Cuculus cupreus Shaw. 

Lampromorpha Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 1, 1831, 
p. 92. Type, by monotypy, Lampromorpha chalcopepla Vigors = 
Cuculus caprius Boddaert. 

Metallococcyx Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 54. Type, by 
original designation, Cuculus smaragdineus Swainson = Cuculus 
cupreus Shaw. ; 

Adamatornis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. Type, by 
monotypy, Chrysococcyx klaasi (Stephen) [sic] = Cuculus klaas 
Stephens. 

Adetococcyx (subgenus) Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 219. 
Type, by monotypy, Chrysococcyx intermedius Hartlaub. 

cf. Bannerman, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 413-420. 
Id., Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 111-120. 
Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 417-419 (nomenclature). 
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 660-662. 
Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 2-7 (nomenclature). 
Sclater, Bds. S. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 184-192. 
van Someren, Ibis, 1925, p. 660-662, pl. 22, 23 (generic limits). 


Chrysococcyx cupreus cupreus (Shaw) 
Cuculus cupreus Shaw, Mus. Leverianum, 1792, p. 157. (‘Most proba- 
bly an African bird” = Africa, restricted to Gambia by Grant antea, 
p. 419.)! 
African forest belt from Gambia to southern Ethiopia and south to the 
Ivory Coast, Gold Coast and southern Nigeria. 


Chrysococcyx cupreus intermedius Hartlaub 
Chrysococcyx intermedius ‘‘Verr.’’ Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. W. Afr., 1857, 
p. 191. (Gaboon.) 


Cameroon eastward to Uganda and Kenya Colony, south to Gaboon 
and southern Belgian Congo; islands of Fernando Po, Principe and Sao 
Thomé. Recorded from Tete Province, Mozambique. 


Chrysococcyx cupreus sharpei van Someren 


Chrysococcyx auratus sharpet van Someren, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 53. 
(South Africa, type from Ifafa River, Natal.) 


Southern Angola, Northern Rhodesia (Kafue River and the Zambesi 
district) south through the Transvaal and Natal to Cape Province. 


1 Replaces Metallococcyx smaragdineus (Swainson) 1837 of Sharpe’s Hand- 
list. 


30 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Chrysococcyx flavigularis Shelley 
Chrysococcyx flavigularis Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879 (1880), 
p. 679, pl. 50. (Elmina, Gold Coast Colony.) 
Sierra Leone east to the Ituri district of the Belgian Congo and south- 


ward to southern Cameroon, forests of the lower Congo and the Kasai 
district. 


Chrysococcyx klaas klaas (Stephens) 
Cuculus Klaas ! Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, 1815, p. 128. (Cape 
Colony.) 

Senegal eastward across northern Nigeria and the Sudan to northwestern 
Ethiopia and south to Damaraland and Cape Province; Island of Fer- 
nando Po. In the southern part of its range present only from November 
to March. 


Chrysococcyx klaas arabicus Bates 
Chrysococcyx klaast arabicus Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 150. 
(Asar, 4500 feet, near Faifa, Asir, Arabia.) 
Southern Arabia. 


Chrysococcyx caprius (Boddaert) 
Cuculus caprius Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 40. (Cape of Good 
Hope, ex Daubenton, Pl. enlum., no. 657.)? 
All of Africa south of the Sahara; occurring in South Africa only from 
October to May. 


GEeNus CHALCITES Lesson 3 


Chalcites Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 152. Type, by tau- 
tonymy, Cuculus chalcites Illiger, 1.e. Lichtenstein, 1818 (Temminck, 
Pl. col., livr. 17, 1821, pl. 102, f. 2) = Cuculus plagosus Latham. 

Lamprococcyx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 11. Type, by original designation, Cuculus lucidus 
Gmelin. 

Heterococcyx Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 5, 1874, p. 61. [Uc- 
celli di Borneo.] Type, by monotypy, Cuculus neglectus Schlegel = 
Cuculus basalis Horsfield. 

Neochalcites Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 7. Type, by original 
designation, Chrysococcyx basalis mellor: Mathews. 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 160-163. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 127-128. 


1 This is the original spelling of the specific name. 

2 Replaces Chrysoccocyx cupreus [sic] (Bodd.) of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 

3 Replaces Chaleococcyx Cabanis, 1863 and includes Heterococcyx Sal- 
vadori, 1874 of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 2 | 


Hartert and Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 158-163. 
Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 237-239. 
Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 520, 1932, p. 1-9. 


Chalcites maculatus (Gmelin)! 
Trogon maculatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 404. (Ceylon.)? 
Breeds in the Himalayas from Kuman through Assam, southeastern 
Tibet, and Szechwan to Hupeh, south to Burma, Yunnan and Annam. 
Has been taken in winter or as a wanderer in the Indian Peninsula, Hainan, 
Cochinchina, Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. 


Chalcites xanthorhynchus xanthorhynchus (Horsfield) 
Cuculus xanthorhynchus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 
1821, p. 179. (Java.) 
Assam, southwestern Yunnan and southern Annam, south to eastern 
Bengal, the Malay Peninsula, Siam and Cochinchina; Andaman and Nico- 


bar Islands; Sumatra; Lingga Archipelago; Java; Borneo, Natuna Islands; 
Palawan (?). 


?Chalcites xanthorhynchus bangueyensis Chasen and Kloss 
Chalcites (Chalcococcyx) xanthorhynchus bangueyensis Chasen and Kloss, 
Journ. f. Orn., 1929, Hartert Festschr., p. 109. (Banguey Island.) 
Confined to Banguey Island off northern Borneo. Doubtful form. 


Chalcites xanthorhynchus amethystinus (Vigors) 
Lampromorpha amethystina Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 
pt. 1, 1831, p. 98. (Neighborhood of Manila, Luzon, Philippines.) 
Philippine Islands; recorded from Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Cebu and 
Basilan. 


Chalcites basalis (Horsfield) 


Cuculus basalis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 179. (Java.) 

Cuculus neglectus Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 1, 1864, Cuculi, p. 35. 
(Borneo.) 

Lamprococcyx modesta Diggles, Trans. Phil. Soc. Queensland, 2, 1876, 
p. 12. (Norman’s Creek, Brisbane, Queensland.) 

Chrysococcyx basalis mellori Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 14. 
(Eyre’s Peninsula, South Australia.) 


1 T am unable to discover on what grounds several recent writers have used 
a trinomial in referring to this species. 

2 Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam, 5, 1923, p. 154, consider 
the original type locality to be an error and propose to substitute Pegu, but 
Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, p. 521-522 
show that Ceylon is probably the correct locality. 


32 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Chrysococcyx basalis wyndhami Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 14. 
(Point Torment, North-West Australia.) 

Breeds in southern Australia and in Tasmania; winters chiefly in the 
Sunda Islands from Java to Sumbawa, but recorded also from Malay Pen- 
insula, Sumatra, Borneo, North Natuna Islands, Kangean Islands, 
Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) and Celebes. On migration on the Aru 
Islands and Cape York Peninsula. 


Chalcites lucidus plagosus (Latham) 
Cuculus plagosus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxxi. (New Hol- 
land = New South Wales, apud Mathews.) 


Lamprococcyx poliurus Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 40, 
1889, p. 177; separately paged reprint p. 49.1 (Tarawai Island, New 
Guinea.) 

Chrysococcyx plagosus tasmanicus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, 
p. 17. (Tasmania.) 

Chrysococcyx plagosus cartert Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 17. 
(Broome Hill, South-West Australia.) 

Breeds in southern Australia and in Tasmania: winters in the Lesser 

Sunda Islands (where recorded from Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores and 
Wetar), New Guinea and perhaps the Bismarck Archipelago. 


Chalcites lucidus lucidus (Gmelin) 


Cuculus lucidus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 421. (New Zea- 
land, 2.e. Queen Charlotte Sound.) 


?Lamprococcyx lucidus australis Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, 
p. 83. (Queensland, type from Capricorn Islands, Queensland.) 


Breeds throughout New Zealand and on the Chatham Islands; possibly 
also on Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands. Winters in the Solomon Islands, 
Nissan and Feni Islands (east of New Ireland) and on the Bismarck 
Archipelago. 


Chalcites lucidus layardi (Mathews) 


Chrysococcyx layardi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 16. (New 
Caledonia.) 


Resident on the Santa Cruz Islands, Banks Islands, New Hebrides, 
Loyalty Group and New Caledonia. 


Chalcites lucidus harterti Mayr 


Chalcites lucidus hartertt Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 520, 1932, p. 8. 
(Rennell Island.) 


Resident on Rennell and Bellona Islands. 


1 See note on p. 26. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 33 


Chalcites malayanus malayanus (Raffles) 


Cuculus Malayanus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, 
p. 286. (Malay Peninsula.) 


Malay Peninsula from Patani southward; Sumatra; Philippines: Negros, 
Mindanao, Basilan, Tawi Tawi, Bongao. 
Chalcites malayanus albifrons Junge 


Chalcites malayanus albifrons Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 237. 
(Batavia, Java.) 


Java. 


Chalcites malayanus aheneus Junge 


Chalcites malayanus aheneus Junge, Zool. Meded., 20, 1938, p. 238. 
(Bandjermasin, Borneo.) 


Borneo; the birds recorded from Maratua Island may be referable here. 


Chalcites malayanus jungei Stresemann 


Chaleites malayanus junget Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 45, 1938, 
p. 148. (Oeroe, western base of the Latimodjong Mts., Celebes.) 
Central and southern Celebes. 


Chalcites malayanus rufomerus (Hartert) 


Chrysococcyx rufomerus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, March, 1900, p. 21. 
(Damar Island.) 


Chalcococcyx innominatus Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus., 22, July, 1900, 
p. 94. (Kisar Island.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Kisar, Roma, Damar, Leti, Moa, Sermatta.! 


Chalcites malayanus salvadorii Hartert and Stresemann 


Chalcites malayanus salvadorti Hartert and Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 
32, 1925, p. 162. (Tepa, Babar Island.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Chalcites malayanus misoriensis (Salvadori) 


Lamprococcyx misoriensts Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, 
p. 914. (Misori Island.) 


Island of Biak: (formerly called Misori) in Geelvink Bay. 


Chalcites malayanus poecilurus (G. R. Gray) 


Chrysococcyx pacilurus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861 
(1862), p. 431. (Misol.) 


1 Chalcites malayanus is also recorded from Timor and Wetar; Hartert and 
Stresemann believe that probably each of these islands has an endemic race, 
but do not name it. Junge records C. malayanus from Wetar, Ternate, Buru, 
Amboina and Goram. 


34 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Lamprococcyx poeciluroides Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 
1878, p. 460. (Sorong; Taravai Island.) 
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Misol; New Guinea; Aru Islands; 
Vulcan Island, Dampier Island, Fergusson Island. 


Chalcites malayanus russatus (Gould) 
Chrysococcyx russata Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 76. (Cape 
‘ York district of Queensland, Australia.) 
Cape York Peninsula; recorded also from the Merauke region of New 
Guinea. 


Chalcites malayanus minutillus (Gould) 
Chrysococcyx minutillus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 128. 
(Port Essington, Northern Territory.) 
Chrysococcyx barnardt Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 20. (Coo- 
mooboolaroo, Dawson River, Queensland.) 
Chrysococcyx minutillus perplecus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, 
p. 38. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.) 
Chrysococcyx minutillus melvillensis Zietz, South Austr. Orn., 1, 1914, 
p. 14. (Melville Island.) 
Melville Island, Kimberly district of northwestern Australia, Arnhem 
Land, and northern Queensland south of the range of russatus. 


Chalcites crassirostris (Salvadori) 

Lamprococcyx crassirostris Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, 
p. 460. (Kei Islands, Goram, Amboina, Halmahera, Ternate, New 
Guinea; type from Tual, Little Kei Island.) 

Chalcococcyx Niewwenhuisi Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl. 
Indié, 58, 1898, p. 196. (Halmahera.) 

Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Buru, Ceram, Amboina, Goram; 

Tenimber Islands; Kei Islands; Kisar; New Guinea. (Sorong.) 


Chalcites ruficollis (Salvadori) 
Lamprococcyx ruficollis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, 
p. 913. (Hatam, Arfak Mountains.) 
Mountains of New Guinea, found only above 6000 feet. 


Chalcites meyeri (Salvadori) 

Chrysococcyx meyert Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 6, 1874, p. 82. 
(New name for Chrysococcyx splendidus A. B. Meyer, 1874, not 
Cuculus splendidus G. R. Gray which = Chrysococcyx cupreus (Shaw). 
Hatam, Arfak Mountains.) 

Mountains of New Guinea, found only above 3000 feet. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 35 


Genus CALIECHTHRUS CaBanis AND HEINE 


Caliechthrus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 31, note. New name for Simotes Blyth 1846 (not of Fischer, 
1829, Mammalia). Type, by monotypy, Cuculus leucolophus 8. 
Miiller. 

cf. Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 225-226. 


Caliechthrus leucolophus (S. Miiller) 
Cuculus leucolophus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en 
Volkenk., pt. 1, 1840, p. 22. (Lobo Bay, New Guinea.) 
Salawati; all of New Guinea. Has been attributed to Misol and Waigeu, 
apparently through error. 


Genus SURNICULUS Lesson 


Surniculus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 151. Type, by sub- 
sequent designation, Cuculus lugubris Horsfield. (G. R. Gray, Cat. 
Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 97.) 

cf. Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 291-294. 

Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 122. 
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 340-341. 


Surniculus lugubris dicruroides (Hodgson) 
Pseudornis Dicruroides Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 8, 1839, 
p. 136 and pl. ( Mountains of Nepal.) 
Surniculus lugubris massorhinus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 
14, 1924, p. 300. (Siak River, eastern Sumatra.) 


Northern India eastward across Assam and southern China (north to 
southern Yunnan and central Fukien), south to central India, Tenasserim, 
Siam and Indochina; Hainan. Recorded from Sumatra, apparently as a 
migrant. 


Surniculus lugubris stewarti Stuart Baker 
Surniculus lugubris stewarti Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 293. 
(Ceylon.) 
Travancore and the west coast of India north to Goa; Ceylon. 


Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser 
Surniculus lugubris barussarum Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 
1912, no. 7, p. 5. (Tana Bala Island, Batu Islands.) 
Surniculus lugubris brachyurus Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, 
p. 340. (Bentong, Pahang, Malay States.) 
Peninsular Burma and Siam south over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; 
Batu Islands; Nias Island (?); Rhio and Lingga Archipelagos; Banka; 
Borneo. 


36 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


?Surmiculus lugubris minimus Stuart Baker 
Surniculus lugubris minimus Stuart Baker, Nov. Zool., 26, 1919, p. 292. 
(Iwahig, Palawan.) 
Palawan and Balabac. Doubtfully separable from S. l. barussarum. 


Surniculus lugubris lugubris (Horsfield) 
Cuculus lugubris Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 179. (Java.) 
Java and Bali. 


Surniculus lugubris velutinus Sharpe 
Surniculus velutinus Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc., Zool. (2), 1, 1877, p. 320. 
(Malamaui, Philippines.) 
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Samar, Negros, Mindanao, Mala- 
maul, Basilan, Jolo, and Tawi Tawi. 


Surniculus lugubris musschenbroeki A. B. Meyer 
Surniculus musschenbroeki A. B. Meyer, Rowley’s Orn. Misc., 3, 1878, 
p. 164. (Batjan, error = Celebes.) 
Celebes. 
GEeNus MICRODYNAMIS Satvapor1 


Microdynamis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 13, 1878, p. 461. 
Type, by monotypy, Eudynamis parva Salvadori. 


cf. Salvadori, Orn. Pap. delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 371-372. 


Microdynamis parva parva (Salvadori) 
Eudynamis parva Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 986. 
(Tidore ?, error = northwestern New Guinea.) 
Lowland forests of southern and eastern New Guinea up to 1400 feet. 


Microdynamis parva grisescens Mayr and Rand 
Microdynamis parva grisescens Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., 
no. 868, 1936, p. 1. (Madang, Astrolabe Bay, New Guinea.) 
Northern New Guinea between Humboldt Bay and Astrolabe Bay. 


GENUS EUDYNAMYS ! Vicors anp HoRSFIELD 


Eudynamys Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, pt. 1, 
1826, p. 303. Type, by subsequent designation, Cuculus orientalis 
Linné. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 57.) 


1 The arrangement adopted here is tentative; the plumages of these cuckoos 
are not yet sufficiently known, nor are their wanderings or migrations which 
result in two forms sometimes being present in the same locality. The best 
authorities do not agree in all eases on the characters and distribution of certain 
races. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 37 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 172-174; 
7, 1930, p. 333. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 128. 
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 230-232; 10, 1903, p. 235-239. 
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 54-55. 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 377-380. 
Penard, Auk, 36, 1919, p. 569-570. 
Siebers, Treubia, 7, suppl., ivr. 5, 1930, p. 377-880. 


Eudynamys scolopacea scolopacea (Linné) 
Ouculus scolopaceus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Bengal.)} 
India and Ceylon; Laccadive, Andaman and Nicobar (?) Islands. 


Eudynamys scolopacea chinensis Cabanis and Heine 
Eudynamis chinensis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 52, note. (Canton, China.) 
Eudynamis scolopaceus [sic] enigmaticus [sic] Rothschild, Nov. Zool., 
33, 1926, p. 235. (Hills northwest of Tengyueh, 7000 feet, Yunnan.) 
Eudynamys scolopacea sinensis ‘‘Cab.”’ Delacour, Ibis, 1928, p. 46. 
(French Indochina.) Nomen nudum; lapsus. 
Summer resident in western and southern China in provinces of Szech- 
wan, Yunnan, Hupeh, Anhwei, Fukien, Kwangsi and Kwangtung; 
Indochina. 


Eudynamys scolopacea harterti Ingram 
Eudynamis orientalis harterti Ingram, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 279. 
(Hainan, types from Hoihow.) 
Island of Hainan. 


Eudynamys scolopacea simalurensis Junge 
Eudynamis scolopacea simalurensis Junge, Temminckia, 1, 1936, p. 43, 
pl. 3. (Sibigo Bay, Simalur Island.) 
Islands of Simalur and Babi, Cocos Islands (north of Simalur). 


Eudynamys scolopacea malayana Cabanis and Heine 
Eudynamis malayana Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 52. (Sunda Islands and Sumatra.) 

Assam, Burma, Malay Peninsula, Siam, Sumatra, Nias, Pagi Islands, 
Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Java, Thousand Islands, Karimon Java, 
Kangean Islands, Bawean, Borneo, Karimata Islands, Natuna Islands, 
Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores. 


?Eudynamys scolopacea paraguena Hachisuka 
Eudynamys scolopacea paraguena Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 
1934, p. 213. (Taguso, Palawan.) 
Confined to the Islands of Palawan and Busuanga. Doubtfully distinct. 


1 Replaces Eudynamys honorata (part) of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


38 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Eudynamys scolopacea mindanensis (Linné) 


Cuculus mindanensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 169. (Philip- 
pines, z.e. Mindanao.) 


Eudynamis mindanensis var. sanghirensis Blasius, Ornis, 4, 1888, p. 566. 
(Great Sangi Island.) 


Eudynamys scolopacea onikakko Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, 
p. 214. (Calapan, Mindoro.) 


All of the Philippine Islands except the Palawan Group; Sangir and 
Talaut Islands. 


?Eudynamys scolopacea frater McGregor 


Endynamis [sic] frater McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 21. 
(Calayan Island, Philippine Islands.) 


Islands of Calayan and Fuga, Philippine Islands.! 


Eudynamys scolopacea melanorhyncha S. Miller 
Eudynamis melanorhynchus S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., 
Land-en Volkenk., pt. 6, 1848, p. 176. (Celebes.) 


Celebes, Togian Islands and Peling. 


Eudynamys scolopacea facialis Wallace 


Eudynamis facialis Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1862 (1863), 
p. 339. (Sula Islands.) 


Sula Islands. 


Eudynamys scolopacea everetti Hartert 


Eudynamis cyanocephala everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 231. 
(Western Sumba.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumba, Alor, Timor, Wetar, Roma; Kei Islands; 
Southeastern Islands.” 


Eudynamys scolopacea corvina Stresemann 


Eudynamis scolopacea corvina Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, 
p. 170. (Gamkonora, Halmahera.) 


Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Moti, Batjan. 


1 The status of frater is not understood; McGregor recorded both frater and 
mindanensis from Calayan and Fuga though Hachisuka omits these islands 
from the range of mindanensis. It is not possible to unite the two forms since 
frater is very much larger than mindanensis, but I have not been able to make 
comparison between the female of frater and the female of malayana, the 
latter also a large race. 

2 Siebers believes Hudynamys picata S. Miiller, 1843, is an earlier name for 
this race which he records from Buru. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 39 


Eudynamys scolopacea orientalis (Linné) 


Cuculus orientalis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 168. (East 
Indies = Amboina.) 


Southern Moluccas: Buru, Manipa, Kelang, Ceram, Amboina; Watubela 
Islands. 


Eudynamys scolopacea salvadorii Hartert 


Eudynamis orientalis salvadorti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 232. 
(New Ireland; the type locality is not certainly correct.)} 


New Ireland (7), New Britain, Duke of York Island, Rook Island. 


Eudynamys scolopacea alberti Rothschild and Hartert 


Eudynamis orientalis alberti Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14, 
1907, p. 440. (Gizo, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands: recorded from Choiseul, Gizo, Guadalcanar and 
Malaita. 


Eudynamys scolopacea rufiventer (Lesson) 


Cuculus rufiventer Lesson, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Zool., 1, livr. 14, 1830, p. 622. 
(New Guinea = Dorei [now Manokwari].) 


Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Batanta, Salawati, Misol; New 
Guinea, except the part occupied by the next race; Traitor’s Island, 
Dampier Island. 


Eudynamys scolopacea minima van Oort 


Eudynamis minima van Oort, Notes Leyden Mus., 34, 1911, p. 54. 
(Noord River, New Guinea.) 


Southern Dutch New Guinea, where it appears to be confined to the 
Noord River. 


Eudynamys scolopacea subcyanocephala Mathews 


Eudynamys orientalis subcyanocephalus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 
1912, p. 21. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.) 


Northwestern Australia and western Queensland; occurs in winter in 
southeastern New Guinea between the Fly River and Huon Gulf. 


Eudynamys scolopacea cyanocephala (Latham) 


Cuculus cyanocephalus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx. 
(New Holland = New South Wales.) 


Eudynamys flindersii Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 
15, pt. 1, 1826, p. 305. (No locality = North coast of New Holland 
ex Latham, Gen. Hist., 3, p. 308, no. 63.) 


Northern Queensland to northern New South Wales. 
1 Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 291-292. 


40 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


GreNus URODYNAMIS Sa.vapor1 


Urodynamis Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. [xv], p. 370. 
Type, by original designation and monotypy, Cuculus taitensis 
Sparrman. 

cf. Bogert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 933, 1937, p. 1-12. 
Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 425-428. 


Urodynamis taitensis (Sparrman) 

Cuculus taitensis Sparrman, Mus. Carls., fase. 2, 1787, pl. 32. (No 
locality given; Tahiti, fixed as type locality by Rothschild and 
Hartert, Nov. Zool., 12, 1905, p. 258.) 

Urodynamis taitensis pheletes Wetmore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 30, 
1917, p. 1. (Otago Province, New Zealand.) 

Urodynamis taitensis belli Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 39, 1918, p. 24. 
(Norfolk Island.) 


Breeds in New Zealand: North Island, South Island, Little and Great 
Barrier Islands, Kapiti Island, Stewart Island, Chatham Islands. Win- 
ters chiefly in the Society, Samoa, Tonga and Fiji Islands; recorded from 
the Palau, Caroline, Marshall, Gilbert, Cook and Marquesas Islands. On 
migration recorded from New Caledonia, Erromanga, Kermadec Islands, 
Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands; occasional on the Solomon Islands (Savo, 
Malaita); accidental in the Bismarck Archipelago (Vuatom, Nissan). 


Genus SCYTHROPS LatHam 


Scythrops Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 141. Type, by monotypy, 
Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham. 


cf. Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 230-234. 


Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham 


Scythrops nove Hollandix Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 141. (New 
Holland = New South Wales.) 


Scythrops novaehollandiae neglectus Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, 
p. 297. (Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands from Flores eastward; Talaut Islands; Celebes; 
Tukang Besi Islands; the Moluccas; Tenimber and Kei Islands; Aru 
Islands; New Guinea; Bismarck Archipelago; northern and eastern 
Australia. It is not known whether it breeds throughout its range, but is 
known to breed on Flores, Babar, Celebes, Vuatom and in parts of Aus- 
tralia; migratory in southeastern Australia. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 41 


SuBFAMILY PHAENICOPHAEINAE 
Genus COCCYZUS VIEILLOT 


Coccyzus Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 28. Type, by monotypy, ‘‘Coucou 
de la Caroline” Buffon = Cuculus americanus Linné. 

Micrococcyx Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 99. Type, 
by original designation, Coccyzus pumilus Strickland. 

cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zo6l. Ser., 13, no. 2, pt. 2, 1919, 

p. 334-339. 

Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1912, p. 10-42. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 302-313. 


Coccyzus pumilus Strickland 
Coccyzus pumilus Strickland, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn., 1852, p. 28, 
pl. [83]. (Trinidad, error = Venezuela.) 
Eastern slopes of the Colombian Andes (including the Santa Marta 
Mts.) and the upper Orinoco Valley. 


Coccyzus cinereus Vieillot 
Coccyzus cinereus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 272. 
(Paraguay.) 
Paraguay, southern Brazil, Uruguay, and northern Argentina in 
provinces of Tucuman, Cérdoba, Buenos Aires and Pampa. 


Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson) 
Cuculus erythropthalma [sic] Wilson, Am. Orn., 4, 1811, p. 16, pl. 28, 
f. 2. (Near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.) 

Breeds from southeastern Alberta, southern Manitoba, southern Quebec 
and Prince Edward Island, south to Kansas, Arkansas, North Carolina 
and the mountains of northern Georgia. Migrates through Central 
America to winter quarters in northwestern South America, south to 
eastern Peru. 


Coccyzus americanus americanus (Linné) 

Cuculus americanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Caro- 

lina, 7.e. South Carolina.) 

Coccyzus Julieni Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 8, 1864, 

p. 42. (Island of Sombrero, Lesser Antilles.) 

Breeds in North America from North Dakota, Minnesota, southern 
Ontario and New Brunswick south to Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Louisiana 
and the Florida Keys; probably breeds in the West Indies on islands of 
Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Gonave, Puerto Rico and St. Croix. Migrates 


1 Recorded from Argentina, but erroneously so, due to confusing this 
species with the young of cinereus, fide Hartert, Nov. Zool., 16, 1909, p. 282. 


42 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


through Mexico, Central America and the West Indies to winter quarters 
in South America from Colombia and Venezuela to Uruguay and northern 
Argentina. 


Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway 


Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bds., 1887, 
p. 273. (Western United States = Santa Rita Mts., Arizona.) 


Breeds from British Columbia south to southern Lower California, 
Sinaloa and Chihuahua, east to central Colorado and western Texas. 
Has been taken in Oaxaca and Costa Rica on migration, but winter range 
not known. 


Coccyzus euleri (Cabanis) 


Coccygus Euleri Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 21, 1873, p. 72. (Cantagallo, 
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.) 


Coccygus lindeni Allen, Bull. Essex Inst., 8, 1876, p. 81. (Santarem, 
Brazil.) 


Orinoco Valley, British Guiana and Surinam, south to Matto Grosso 
and S4o Paulo, east to Maranhdo and Bahia. 


Coccyzus minor palloris Ridgway 
Coccyzus minor palloris Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, 
p. 105. (Pigres, western Costa Rica.) 


Pacific coast of Mexico and Central America from Nayarit to Chiriquf; 
Tres Marias Islands. 


Coccyzus minor continentalis van Rossem 


Coccyzus minor continentalis van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 77, 
1934, p. 389. (Voledn de Santa Ana, 4500 feet, Sonsonate, El Sal- 
vador.) 


Gulf and Caribbean coasts of Mexico and Central America, including 
the islands off these coasts (except Cozumel), from Tamaulipas to Panama 
(Coclé). 


Coccyzus minor cozumelae van Rossem 


Coccyzus minor cozumelae van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodél., 77, 
1934, p. 390. (Cozumel Island.) 


Confined to Cozumel Island, off the east coast of Yucatan. 


Coccyzus minor maynardi Ridgway 
Coccyzus maynardi Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bds., 1887, p. 274. (Baha- 
mas and Florida Keys = Ten Thousand Islands, Florida.) 


Southern coast of Florida from Anclote Keys southward, Florida Keys, 
Bahama Islands; occasional in Cuba. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 43 


Coccyzus minor caymanensis Cory 


Coccyzus minor caymanensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zodl. 
Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, p. 336 and note b. (Island of Grand Cay- 
man, West Indies.) 


Cayman Islands: Grand Cayman, Little Cayman, Cayman Brac. 
Doubtfully distinct from C. m. nesiotes. 


Coccyzus minor nesiotes (Cabanis and Heine) 


‘Coccygus nesiotes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 78, note. (Greater Antilles, wandering to Florida 
in the summer = Jamaica, by designation of Cory, antea, p. 336, 
note 1.) 


Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles. 


Coccyzus minor teres Peters 
Coccyzus minor teres Peters, Proc. New England Zo@l. Cl., 9, 1927, p. 112. 
(Sostia, Dominican Republic.) 


Greater Antilles: Hispaniola, Gonave, Tortuga, fle A Vache, Beata, 
Saona, Mona, Puerto Rico, Vieques, Culebra, Culebrita, Louis Pefia, 
St. Thomas, St. John, Tortola, Virgin Gorda, Anegada and St. Croix. 


Coccyzus minor rileyi Ridgway 
Coccyzus minor rileyt Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 105. 
(Barbuda, Lesser Antilles.) 
Lesser Antilles: Barbuda, Antigua. 


Coccyzus minor dominicae Shelley 


Coccyzus dominice Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 302 (in 
key), p. 306, pl. 12, f. 1. (Islands of Dominica and Puerto Rico = 
Dominica.) 


Coccyzus minor shelley: Riley, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 47, 1904, p. 285. 
New name for Coccyzus dominicae Shelley on grounds of preoccupa- 
tion by Cuculus dominicus Linné [ = Coccyzus a. americanus (Linné)?]. 


Lesser Antilles: Montserrat, Guadeloupe and Dominica. 


Coccyzus minor vincentis A. H. Clark 


Coccyzus minor vincentis A. H. Clark, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 32, 
1905, p. 264. (Peter’s Hope, St. Vincent.) 


Lesser Antilles: Martinique,! St. Lucia, St. Vincent. 


1 Two specimens from Martinique in the M. C. Z. agree with the type of 
vincentis and with skins from St. Lucia and St. Vincent, not with those of the 
deeply colored race inhabiting Guadeloupe and Dominica. 


44 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Coccyzus minor grenadensis Bangs 


Coccyzus minor grenadensis Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 20, 1907, 
p. 53. (Union Island, Grenadines, Lesser Antilles.) 


Lesser Antilles: Bequia, Union, Carriacou, Grenada. 


Coccyzus minor abbotti Stone 
Coccyzus abbotti Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, p. 301. (St. 
Andrews Island, Caribbean Sea.) 


Islands of Old Providence and St. Andrews. (In southwestern part of 
Caribbean Sea about 150 miles off the east coast of Nicaragua.) 


Coccyzus minor minor (Gmelin) 
Cuculus minor Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 411. (Cayenne, 
ex Daubenton, pl. 813.) 


Northern South America: ‘‘Colombia”’ (trade skins), the Guianas, 
“Brazil’’; Island of Trinidad. 


Coccyzus minor ferrugineus Gould 
Coccyzus ferrugineus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 18438, p. 105. 
(Cocos Island.) 


Confined to Cocos Island (in eastern Pacific Ocean, lat. 5° 32’ 57” N., 
long. 88° 02’ 10” W., northeastward from the Galdpagos). 


Coccyzus melacoryphus Vieillot 
Coccyzus melacoryphus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 271. 
(Paraguay.) 

South America from Colombia, Venezuela and the Guianas, southward 
over Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina south to 
La Rioja, Cérdoba and Buenos Aires provinces; Island of Trinidad; 
Galapagos Archipelago: Albemarle, Duncan, Indefatigable, Barrington, 
Chatham, Charles; Gorgona Island. 


Coccyzus lansbergi! Bonaparte 


Coccyzus lansbergi Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 112. (Santa Fé 
de Bogota.) 


Colombia: Bogotaé trade skins, Santa Marta region; Venezuela; 
western Ecuador. The Panama record is probably erroneous. 


GeENus PIAYA LEsson 


Piaya Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 139. Type, by original 
designation, Cuculus cayanus Gmelin 7.e. Linné. 
cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zodl. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, 
p. 339-345; 347. 


1 Sometimes misspelled landsbergi. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 45 


Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 319-322. (Colom- 
bian forms.) 

Junge, Zool. Mededeelingen, 19, 1937, p. 183-185. (Note on Bona- 
parte’s types.) 

MacDonagh, Notas Prelim. Mus. La Plata, 2, 1934, p. 51-64. 
(Argentine forms). 

Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 42-57. 

Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908 (1909), p. 492-501. 


SusBGcenus ! HYETORNIS Sciater 


Hyetornis Sclater, Cat. Am. Bds., 1862, p. xiii, 321. New name for 
Ptiloleptis Bonaparte 1854, not Ptiloleptus Swainson 1837. Type, 
by monotypy, Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin.? 


Piaya rufigularis (Hartlaub) 
Coccyzus rufigularis “Herz. v. Wurttemb.”’ Hartlaub, Naumannia, 1852, 


Heft 2, p. 55. (Mountain forests of Spanish Santo Domingo 2.e. 
Dominican Republic.)* 


Hispaniola and Gonave Island. 


Piaya pluvialis (Gmelin) 


Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 411. (Jamaica.) 
Jamaica. 


Suspcenus PIAYA Lesson 


Piaya cayana extima van Rossem 


Piaya cayana extima van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, 
1930, p. 210. (Guirocoba, southern Sonora, Mexico.) 


Western Mexico in the arid tropical portions of southern Sonora and 
northern Sinaloa. 


Piaya cayana mexicana (Swainson) 


Cuculus Mexicanus Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, 1827, p. 440. 
(Temescaltepec, Mexico.) 


1 There are no really trenchant external characters that warrant the con- 
tinued generic separation of Hyetornis, Piaya and Coccycua and my belief 
is that all three genera should be merged; there is however no objection to 
retaining the three old genera as subgenera with the same limits as formerly. 

2 Ptiloleptis was proposed by Bonaparte for Cuculus pluvialis Gmelin; on 
account of Ptiloleptus Swainson [= Guira Lesson, 1830] Sclater rejected 
Bonaparte’s name in favor of Hyetornis which has stood ever since. Under 
the International Code Ptiloleptus and Ptiloleptis are different generic names, 
but in this instance no complications need ensue, since G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 
3, 1849, app. p. 22, emended Ptiloleptus into Ptiloleptis, and this emendation 
invalidates any later use of Ptiloleptis in a different sense (cf. Opinion no. 120 
of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature). 

3 Replaces Hyetornis fieldi Cory, 1895. 


46 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Western Mexico from central Sinaloa and central-western Chihuahua 
to Puebla and the Pacific side of the Isthmus of Tehudntepec. 


Piaya cayana stirtoni van Rossem 
Piaya cayana stirtoni van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, 
1930, p. 209. (Mt. Cacaguatique, 4000 feet, Dept. San Miguel, 
E] Salvador.) 
Pacific slope of Central America from about the Guatemala-Salvador 
boundary south to extreme northwestern Costa Rica. 


Piaya cayana thermophila P. L. Sclater 
Piaya thermophila P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 368. 
(Tierra caliente of Mexico and in Guatemala = Jalapa, Vera Cruz, 
Mexico.) 
Piaya cayana incincta Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 72, 1932, 
p. 324. (Permé, eastern Panama.) 

Eastern Mexico from southern Tamaulipas southward; islands of Hol- 
box, Meco and Mujeres; both slopes of Central America (except area on 
the Pacific side occupied by stirtoni), from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec 
and British Honduras to Darien. 


Piaya cayana mesura (Cabanis and Heine) 
Pyrrhococcyx mesurus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 83, note. (Bogotdé, Colombia.) 
Eastern Colombia occurring on the eastern slopes of the Eastern Andes 
and on both slopes of the Andes at the head of the Magdalena Valley; 
eastern Ecuador. 


Piaya cayana nigricrissa (Cabanis) 
Pyrrhococcyx nigricrissa Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 169. 
(Babahoyo or Esmeraldas, Ecuador.) 
Piaya cayana cauce Stone, Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908 (1909), 
p. 495 (in key), p. 499. (Rio Cauca, Colombia.) 
Western Colombia, extending to the eastern slopes of the Central Andes; 
western Ecuador; northwestern and east-central Peru. 


Piaya cayana mehleri Bonaparte 
Piaya mehleri Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 110. (Santa Fé de 
Bogota.) 
Pyrrhococcyx columbianus Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 170. 
(Cartagena, Colombia.) 
Northeastern Colombia south up the Magdalena Valley and down the 
western slope of the Eastern Andes to Chicoral; eastward along the 
northern coast of Venezuela to the Paria Peninsula. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 47 


Piaya cayana circe Bonaparte 
Piaya circe Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 110. (Colombia, error, 
the type is from Caracas, Venezuela. cf. Junge, supra.) 
Piaya cayana venezuelensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. 
Ser., 1, 1913, p. 284. (Orope, Zulia, Venezuela.) 
Region south of Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. 


Piaya cayana insulana Hellmayr 
Piaya cayana insulana Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 13, 1906, p. 43. (Chaguar- 
anas, Trinidad.) 
Confined to the Island of Trinidad. 


Piaya cayana cayana (Linné) 
Cuculus cayanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 170. (Cayenne.) 


Orinoco Valley in eastern and southern Venezuela, eastward through the 
Guianas and south to the Rio Negro and north bank of the lower Amazon. 


?Piaya cayana boliviana Stone 
Piaya cayana boliviana Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 60, 1908 
(1909), p. 495 (in key), p. 501. (Yungas, Bolivia.) 
Chanchamayo Valley in east-central Peru southeastward into tropical 
northern Bolivia. Perhaps not different from P. c. obscura. 


Piaya cayana obscura Snethlage 
Piaya obscura Snethlage, Journ. f. Orn., 56, Jan., 1908, p. 21. (Bom 
Lugar and Monte Verde, upper Rio Purts, Brazil.) 
Central Brazil south of the Amazon from the Rio Jurud eastward to 
the Tapajé6z, south to the upper Gy-Parana. 


Piaya cayana hellmayri Pinto 
Piaya cayana hellmayri Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, 1937 (1938), 
p. 173. (Tury-assi, Maranhdo.) Based on Piaya cayana subsp. 
Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 434. 
Brazil south of the Amazon from Santarem eastward to the mouth of 
the Amazon (including Marajé Island) and the coast region of northern 
Maranh4o. 


Piaya cayana pallescens (Cabanis and Heine) 
Pyrrhococcyx pallescens Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 
(1863), Heft 1, p. 86. (North Brazil = Bahia.) 
Eastern Brazil in states of Piauhy, Pernambuco, northern part of 
Bahia and adjacent parts of eastern Goyaz. 


Piaya cayana cearae Cory 
Piaya cayana ceare Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 
1915, p. 304. (Jua, near Iguatu, Ceara, Brazil.) 
Known only from the State of Ceara. 


48 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Piaya cayana cabanisi J. A. Allen 
Piaya cayana cabanisi J. A. Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 5, 1893, 
p. 136, excluding synonymy. (Chapada, Matto Grosso, Brazil.) 
Central Matto Grosso and adjacent parts of Goyaz not extending much 
below lat. 21°S. 


Piaya cayana macroura Gambel 
Piaya macroura Gambel, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. (2), 1, 1849, 
p. 215. (Surinam, error = Paraguay.) 
Piaya cayana var. guarania von Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 6, 1904, 
p. 448. (Ourinho, Parané4, Brazil.) 
Southeastern Brazil from Minas Geraés, southern Matto Grosso and 
southern Bahia, southwestward; Paraguay; northeastern Argentina; 
Uruguay. 


Piaya cayana mogenseni Peters 
Piaya cayana mogensent Peters, Occ. Papers Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5, 
1926, p. 195. (Concepcidén, Tucuman, Argentina.) 
Southern tropical Bolivia in provinces of Santa Cruz and Tarija, south- 
ward into northwestern Argentina in provinces of Jujuy, Salta and 
Tucuman. 


Piaya melanogaster melanogaster (Vieillot) 

Cuculus melanogaster Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 236. 
(Java, error = Cayenne by substitution of Berlepsch and Hartert, 
Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 97.) 

Eastern Venezuela eastward through the Guianas; eastern Ecuador; 

Amazonian Brazil east to the Rio Negro and the Rio Madeira, south to 
northern Matto Grosso. 


Piaya melanogaster ochracea Cory 
Piaya melanogaster ochracea Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. 
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 304. (Yurimaguas, Yane Yaca, Peru.) 
Known definitely only from the type locality; birds recorded from 
Chamicuros and Chyavetas may be referable here. Requires confirmation. 


SuBGENus COCCYCUA LEsson 


Coccycua Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 142. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Cuculus monachus “Gal. du Mus.” i.e. Lesson = Coccyzus 
minutus Vieillot. 


Piaya minuta ! panamensis Todd 
Piaya rutila panamensis Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 8, 1912, p. 212. 
(Loma del Leon, Panama.) 
Eastern Panama from the Canal Zone to Darien. 
1 For reasons for discarding Cuculus rutilus Illiger, 1811 as the specific name, 


in favor of Coccyzus minutus Vieillot, 1817, see Zimmer, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 
Publ., Zool. Ser., 17, 1930, p. 261-262. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 49 


Piaya minuta gracilis (Heine) 
Coccyzusa gracilis Heine, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 356. (Ismeraldas, 
Ecuador.) 
Colombia west of the Eastern Andes; western Ecuador. 


Piaya minuta minuta (Vieillot) 
Coccyzus minutus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 275. 
(No locality = Cayenne, ex Latham and Brisson.) 
Piaya rutila orinocensis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, 
p. 393. (Sacupana, Orinoco Delta.) 
Colombia, east of the range of gracilis, across Venezuela and the Guianas 
south to Amazonian Peru and central Brazil to Matto Grosso and Goyaz. 


Piaya minuta chaparensis Cherrie 
Piaya rutila chaparensis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, 
p. 392. (Todos Santos, Rio Chaparé, Bolivia.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Genus SAUROTHERA VIEILLOT 


Saurothera Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 28. Type, by monotypy, “‘Coucou 
a longbec”’ Buffon = Cuculus vetula Linné. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 57-66. 


Saurothera merlini bahamensis Bryant 
Saurothera bahamensis Bryant, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 9, 1864, 
p. 280. (Nassau, New Providence Island, Bahamas.) 


Bahama Islands: New Providence, Eleuthera. 


Saurothera merlini andria G. S. Miller 
Saurothera andria G. S. Miller, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 164. (Fresh Creek, 
Andros Island, Bahamas.) 
Bahama Islands: Andros. 


Saurothera merlini merlini d’Orbigny 
Saurothera merlini d’Orbigny, in La Sagra’s Hist. Fis. Pol. y Nat. de la 
Isla de Cuba, Aves, 1839, p. 115.1 (Cuba.) 


Cuba. 


Saurothera merlini decolor Bangs and Zappey 
Saurothera merlini decolor Bangs and Zappey, Am. Nat., 39, 1905, 
p. 199. (La Vega, Isle of Pines.) 


Isle of Pines. 
1 P, 152 in the French ed. 


50 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Saurothera vetula vetula (Linné) 
Cuculus Vetula Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 111. (Jamaica.) 
Jamaica. 


Saurothera vetula petersi Richmond and Swales 


Saurothera longirostris petersi Richmond and Swales, Proc. Biol. Soe. 
Wash., 37, 1924, p. 105. (La Mahotiere, Gonave Island.) 


Confined to Gonave Island, off the west coast of Haiti. 


Saurothera vetula longirostris (Hermann) 
Cuculus longirostris Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 186. (His- 
paniola.)! 
Hispaniola and adjacent island of Tortuga. 


Saurothera vetula saonae Bond 


Saurothera longirostris saonae Bond, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 85, 
1933, p. 369. (Saona Island.) 


Confined to Saona Island, off the southeastern end of Hispaniola. 


Saurothera vetula vieilloti Bonaparte 


Saurothera vieilloti Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 97. (Antilles.) 
New name for Saurothera vetula Vieillot {not Cuculus vetula Linné), 
Gal. Ois., pl. 38, Puerto Rico. 


Puerto Rico; recorded from Vieques; of doubtful occurrence on St. 
Thomas. 


GEeNus CEUTHMOCHARES CaBanis AND HEINE 


Ceuthmochares Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 60. Type, by monotypy, Cuculus aereus Vieillot. 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 135-138. 
C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 429-430. 


Ceuthmochares aereus flavirostris (Swainson) 


Zanclostomus flavirostris Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, Sept., 1837, p. 183. 
(West Africa = Senegal apud Grant 1915.) 


West Africa from Senegal and Liberia to Lagos. 


Ceuthmochares aereus aereus (Vieillot) 
Cuculus xreus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 229. (Mal- 
imbe, Portuguese Congo.) 
Benin district of Nigeria and western Cameroon south through Gaboon 


to northern Angola; eastward extent not determined; Island of Fernando 
Po. 


1 Replaces Saurothera dominicensis Lafresnaye, 1847; vide Stresemann, Nov. 
Zool., 27, 1920, p. 330. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 51 


Ceuthmochares aereus intermedius Sharpe 
Ceuthmochares intermedius Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, 17, 1884, 
p. 432. (Semmio 7.e. Zémio, Ubangi-Shari.) 
Central Africa from the Shari River eastward through the Bahr el 


Ghazal to western Uganda and Lake Victoria, south to the Semliki Valley 
and eastern Belgian Congo. 


Ceuthmochares aereus australis Sharpe 
Ceuthmochares australis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 609. 
(Natal.) 
Northeastern Uganda and the coastlands of Kenya Colony south 
through Tanganyika Territory to Nyasaland and Natal. 


GENus RHOPODYTES CaBanis AND HEINE 


Rhopodytes Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 61. Type, by subsequent designation, R. diardi = Melias 
diardi Lesson (Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 604). 

ef. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 176-181; 7, 
1930, p. 334-335. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 131. 
Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 184-186. 
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1931, p. 56-57. 
Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 305-308. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 384-392. 


Rhopodytes diardi diardi (Lesson) 


Melias Diardi Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 132. (Java, error = 
Sumatra.) 


Malay Peninsula from about lat. 12° N., southward; Sumatra. 


Rhopodytes diardi borneensis Salvadori 


Melias borneensis Bonaparte, Consp. Vol. Zygod., 1854, p. 5. Nomen 
nudum. 


Rhopodytes borneensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 5, 1874, p. 72. 
(Sarawak, Borneo.) 


Borneo. 


Rhopodytes sumatranus sumatranus (Raffles) 
Cuculus Sumatranus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, 
p. 287. (Hills of Sumatra.) 
Tenasserim and Peninsular Siam south over the Malay Peninsula; 


Sumatra; Rhio and Lingga Archipelagos; islands of Banka, Billiton and 
Mendanau. 


52 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Rhopodytes sumatranus minor Riley 


Rhopodytes sumatranus minor Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 51, 1938, 
p. 96. (Tanjong Batoe, Dutch East Borneo.) 


Borneo; the birds from the North Natuna Islands may belong to this 
form. 


Rhopodytes tristis tristis (Lesson) 


Melias tristis Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 132. (Sumatra, 
error = Bengal, type locality selected by Robinson and Kloss, Ibis, 
1919, p. 427.) 


Rhopodytes tristis nigristriatus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 
1926, p. 44. (Buxa Duars.) 


Himalayas from Kumaon and Garhwal eastward to Assam and Bengal, 
intergrading with the next race in northern Burma. 


Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr 
Rhopodytes tristis saliens Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 306. (Chapa, Tonkin.) 


Bhamo and the upper Chindwin district of Burma, southwestern Yun- 
nan and Tonkin, southward to the mountains of northern Siam, northern 
Laos and northern Annam; birds from southeastern Yunnan and Kwangsi 
are doubtless referable to this race. 


Rhopodytes tristis longicaudatus (Blyth) 
Phoenicophaeus longicaudatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 10, 1841 
(1842), p. 923. (Moulmein.) 


Lower Burma, Siam and southern Annam, south to the Malay Penin- 
sula, and Cochinchina. 


Rhopodytes tristis hainanus Hartert 
Rhopodytes tristis hainanus Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 218. 
(No-Tai, Hainan.) 
Confined to the Island of Hainan. 


Rhopodytes tristis elongatus (S. Miller) 


Phoenicophaus elongatus S. Miiller, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Phys., 2, 
1835, p. 342, pl. VIII, f. 5. (West Sumatra.) 


Sumatra. 


Rhopodytes tristis kangeangensis Vorderman 
Rhopodytes kangeangensis Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl.- 
Indié, 52, 1893, p. 188. (Kangean Island.) 


Kangean Island. 


1 The plate is erroneously referred to in the text as IV. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 53 


Rhopodytes viridirostris (Jerdon) 
Zanclostomus viridirostris Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 11, 1840, 
p. 223. (Bottom of the Coonoor Pass.) 


Southern India north to Ratnagiri on the west and to Orissa on the east; 


Ceylon. 
GreNnus TACCOCUA Lesson 


Taccocua Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1880, p. 143. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Taccocua leschenaultii Lesson. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 185-188; 7, 
1930, p. 337. 
Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 37, 1934, 
p. 526-527. 


Taccocua leschenaultii sirkee (J. E. Gray) 


Centropus sirkee J. E. Gray, in Hardwicke’s Illustr. Ind. Zool., 1, pt. 6, 
1831, pl. 28. (No locality = Cawnpore.) 


Plains of northwestern India south to Mhow and eastward at least to 
Cawnpore; not ascending above 4000 feet in the west Himalayan foothills. 


Taccocua leschenaultii infuscata Blyth 


Taccocua infuscata Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 200. 
(Sub-Himalayan region; type from the Terai region near Darjeeling.) 


Himalayan Terai from Kumaon to Bhutan Duars, in the west inter- 
grading with 7’. |. sirkee about Gahrwal. 


Taccocua leschenaultii affinis Blyth 


Taccocua affinis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 19. (Raj- 
mahal and Monghyr Hills.) 


Bihar, Orissa, Bengal and western Assam. 


Taccocua leschenaultii leschenaultii Lesson 


Taccocua Leschenaultii Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 144. 
(India = Madras.) 


Indian Peninsula south of a line from the Tapti River on the west to the 
Vizagatapam Hills on the east. 


GENUS RHINORTHA Vicors 


Rhinortha Vigors, Mem. Raffles, 1830, p. 671. Type, by monotypy, 
Cuculus chlorophaeus Raffles. 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 183-185. 
Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 27-29. 


Rhinortha chlorophaea chlorophaea (Raffles) 


Cuculus chloropheus Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, 
p. 288. (Forests of Sumatra.) 


54 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Northern Tenasserim and adjacent parts of western Siam southward 
over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Banka. 


Rhinortha chlorophaea fuscigularis Stuart Baker 
Rhinortha chlorophxa fuscigularis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 
39, 1919, p. 77. (Sarawak, Borneo.) 
Borneo and the north Bornean Islands. 


Genus ZANCLOSTOMUS Swainson 


Zanclostomus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, June, 1837, p. 323. Type, by 
monotypy, Z. javanicus Horsf. = Phoenicophaus javanicus Horsfield. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 175-176; 
7, 1930, p. 334. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 9, 1934, p. 94-95. 


Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Kloss 
Zanclostomus javanicus pallidus Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. 
Malay States Mus., 10, 1921, p. 203. (Kedah Peak, 2500-3500 feet, 
Malay States.) 
Tenasserim (north to Tavoy) and southwestern Siam south over the 
Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; Borneo. 


Zanclostomus javanicus javanicus (Horsfield) 
Phenicophaus Javanicus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, 
pt. 1, 1821, p. 178. (Java.) 


Java. 


Zanclostomus javanicus natunensis Chasen 
Zanclostomus javanicus natunensis Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 9, 
1934, p. 94. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.) 


Natuna Islands. 


Genus RHAMPHOCOCCYX Casanis aND HEINE! 


Rhamphococcyx Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862-63 (1863), 
Heft 1, p. 65. Type, by subsequent designation, R. calorhynchus = 
Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus Temminck (Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
London, 1873, p. 605.) 

cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 182-133. 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., 1, pt. 1, 1909, p. 387. 
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 225-230. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 896-401. 


1 Includes Rhinococcyx Sharpe, 1873, Dryococcyx Sharpe, 1877 and Uro- 
coccyx Shelley, 1891. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 55 


Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus calyorhynchus (Temminck) 
Phenicophxus calyorhynchus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 59, 1825, pl. 349. 
(Celebes.) 
Northern Celebes; Togian Islands. 


Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus centralis Riley 
Rhamphococcyz centralis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918, p. 156. 
(Rano Lindoe, Celebes.) 
Central Celebes. 


Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus meridionalis Meyer and Wiglesworth 
Rhamphococcyzx calorhynchus meridionalis Meyer and Wiglesworth, Abh. 
Ber. Mus. Dresden, 6, 1896-97 (1896), no. 2, p. 11. (Southern 
Celebes.) 
Southern Celebes. 


Rhamphococcyx calyorhynchus rufiloris (Hartert) 
Phoenicophaus calorhynchus rufiloris Hartert, Nov. Zool., 10, 1903, 
p. 24. (Buton.) 
Island of Buton, off southeastern Celebes. 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris erythrognathus (Bonaparte) 
Phaenicophaeus erythrognathus ‘““Temm.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 
1850, p. 98. (Sumatra.) 
Rhamphococcyx curvirostris singularis Parrot, Abh. K. Bay. Akad. 
Wiss. Miinchen, Math.-Phys. K1., 24, 1907, p. 186. (Sumatra.) 
Mergui Archipelago, northern Tenasserim and Peninsular Siam, south 
over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, Banka, Anamba Islands. 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris oeneicaudus (Verreaux and Verreaux) 
Phenicophzus wneicaudus J. and E. Verreaux, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 
7, 1855, p. 357. (Ceylon, error = Mentawi Islands, cf. Salvadori, 
Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1894, p. 590.) 
Islands off southwestern Sumatra: Siberut, Sipora, North and South 
Pagi Islands. 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris curvirostris (Shaw) 
Cuculus curvirostris Shaw, Nat. Misc., 21, 1810, pl. 905 and text. 
(“Probably a native of India” = western Java.) 
Western and central Java. 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris deningeri (Stresemann) 
Phoenicophaés curvirostris deningeri Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, 
p. 347. (Tegal, 1500 feet, Bali.) 


Eastern Java; Bali. 


56 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris borneensis Blasius and Nehrkorn 
Rhamphococcyx erythrognathus var. borneensis Blasius and Nehrkorn, 
Jahresb. Ver. Naturwiss. Braunschweig, 1880-81 (1881), p. 125. 
(Jambusan, Sarawak, Borneo.)! 
Borneo, north Bornean Islands, Natuna Islands. 


Rhamphococcyx curvirostris harringtoni (Sharpe) 
Dryococcyx Harringtont Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Zool. (2), 
1, 1877, p. 321, f. 1. (Balabac, Philippine Islands.) 
Confined to the Palawan group of the Philippines: Calamianes Islands, 
Palawan, Balabac. 


GrNus PHAENICOPHAEUS STEPHENS ? 


Phenicopheus Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 58. 
Type, Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant.* 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 182-183; 7, 
1930, p. 335-336. 


Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocephalus (Pennant) 
Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p. 6, pl. 6. 
(Ceylon.) 
India in extreme southern Travancore; Ceylon. 


GreNus DASYLOPHUS Swainson 


Dasylophus Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 324. Type, by mon- 
otypy, D. superciliosus Sw. = Phoenicophaus superciliosus Dumont. 
cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 388. 


Dasylophus superciliosus (Dumont) 
Pheznicophaus superciliosus ‘“Cuv.’’ Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. 
Levrault, 28, 1823, p. 451. (Philippines.) 
Northern Philippine Islands: Luzon, Polillo, Catanduanes, Marinduque. 


1 Replaces Phoenicophaes microrhinus Berlepsch, 1895. 

2 Replaces Phoenicophaés [recte Phoenicophaus] Vieillot of Sharpe’s Hand- 
list and most authors. 

3 The type of Phoenicophaus Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 27 is Cuculus 
pyrrhocephalus Gmelin i.e. Pennant, by monotypy. Phaenicophaeus Stephens 
as originally constituted contained three species: — Cuculus pyrrhocephalus 
Gmelin, i.e. Pennant, Ph. leucogaster Stephens [= Cuculus pyrrhocephalus 
Pennant], and Ph. tricolor Stephens [= Cuculus curvirostris Shaw]. I cannot 
find that Phaenicophaeus Stephens has ever had a type designated; I therefore 
designate Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Gmelin [= Cuculus pyrrhocephalus Pennant] 
as such. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 57 


Genus LEPIDOGRAMMUS REIcHENBACH 


Lepidogrammus Reichenbach, Av. Syst. Nat., 1849, pl. xlvii. Figure 
of generic details, no species included. Type, by subsequent designa- 
tion, Phoenicophaus cumingi Fraser (Bonaparte, Consp. Vol. Zygod., 
1854, p. 5.)! 

cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 388-389. 

Lepidogrammus cumingi (Fraser) 

Phenicophaus Cumingi Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839, p. 112. 
(Luzon, Philippine Islands.) 

Confined to the islands of Luzon and Marinduque, Philippine Islands. 


SUBFAMILY CROTOPHAGINAE 
Genus CROTOPHAGA LInNE 


Crotophaga Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 105. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Crotophaga ani Linné. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 90-102. 


Crotophaga major Gmelin 
Crotophaga major Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 363. (Cayenne.) 


Crotophaga major ivahensis Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist. 
Nat., 5, 1926, p. 135. (Salto de Ubd, Rio Ivahy, Parand, Brazil.)? 


Eastern Panama south over the greater part of tropical South America 
east of the Andes to northern Argentina; casually to La Rioja and Buenos 
Aires; Trinidad. 


Crotophaga ani Linné 
Crotophaga Ani Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 105. (America, 
Africa = Jamaica.) 

Bahama Islands; Greater and Lesser Antilles; islands of Holbox, Cozu- 
mél and Ruatdén; Corn Islands; Swan Island; Panama; Pearl Islands; 
Margarita Island; Trinidad; South America south on the west coast to 
Ecuador, east of the Andes to western and northern Argentina (La Rioja 
and Chaco), Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul. 


Crotophaga sulcirostris pallidula Bangs and Penard 


Crotophaga sulcirostris pallidula Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zobl., 64, 1921, p. 365. (San José del Cabo, Lower California.) 


Lowlands of the Cape district of Lower California. 
1 See Opinion 46, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 


2 Perhaps a valid race, but founded on insufficient material with no attempt 
to work out the distribution. 


58 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Crotophaga sulcirostris sulcirostris Swainson 
Crotophaga sulcirostris Swainson, Philos. Mag. (n.s.), 1, 1827, p. 440. 
(Temascaltepec, Mexico.) 

Tropical zone from southern Sonora on the west and the lower Rio 
Grande Valley on the east, southward over Mexico, Central America, 
and northern South America to the coast of Peru on the west and eastward 
to British Guiana; islands of Holbox, Mujeres and Cozumél off Yucatan; 
Curacao; Trinidad. 

Genus GUIRA Lesson 


Guira Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 149. Type, by monotypy 
and tautonymy, Cuculus guira Latham 7.e. Gmelin. 


cf. Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 483-434. 


Guira guira (Gmelin) 
Cuculus Guira Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 414. (Brazil.) 
Southeastern Bolivia, southern Matto Grosso and islands at the mouth 
of the Amazon, southward over all eastern Brazil to Argentina (Mendoza 
and Bahia Blanca) and Uruguay. Erroneously recorded from Chile.? 


SuBFAMILY NEOMORPHINAE 
Genus TAPERA THUNBERG 2 


Tapera Thunberg, Gétheborgs Kongl. Wett. och Witt. Samh. Nya 
Handl., 3, 1819, p. 1. Type, by monotypy, Tapera brasiliensis Thun- 
berg = Cuculus naevius Linné. 

cf. Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 62, 1918, p. 50. 
Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, 
p. 349-350. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 66-70. 


Tapera naevia excellens (Sclater) 
Diplopterus excellens Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1857 (1858), 
p. 229. (Southern Mexico.) 
Diplopterus mexicanus ‘‘Verr. MS.” Sclater, t.c., p. 230. (Mentioned as 
the manuscript name proposed by J. Verreaux but rejected by Sclater 
on account of Dromococcyx mexicanus Bonaparte.) 


Southeastern Mexico from Vera Cruz and Oaxaca southward over 
western Central America to the Canal Zone. 


Tapera naevia naevia (Linné) 
Cuculus nevius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 170. (Cayenne.) 


1 See Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 19, 1932, p. 253. 
2 Replaces Diplopterus Boie, 1826, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 59 


Tapera brasiliensis Thunberg, Gétheborgs Kong]. Wett. och Witt. 
Samh. Nya Handl., 3, 1819, p. 1. (Brazil.)} 


Northern South America south to western Ecuador, northern Peru, the 
lower Rio Madeira, Goyaz and Bahia; Margarita Island; Trinidad. 


Tapera naevia chochi (Vieillot) 
Coccyzus chochi Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 8, 1817, p. 272. 
(Paraguay.) 

Southern Brazil from central Matto Grosso (probably also adjacent 
portions of Bolivia) and Sao Paulo south to northern Argentina as far as 
the provinces of La Rioja, Cérdoba and Entre Rios; apparently not re- 
corded from Uruguay. 


GENUS MOROCOCCYX Sc.LaTER 


Morococcyz Sclater, Cat. Am. Bds., 1862, p. 322. Type, by monotypy, 
Coccyzus erythropyga Lesson. 


cf. Griscom, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 64, 1932, p. 219. 
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 70-74. 


Morococcyx erythropygus dilutus van Rossem 


Morococcyx erythropygus dilutus van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 
51, 1938, p. 170. (San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico.) 


Western Mexico from southern Sinaloa (Mazatlan) south to Colima. 


Morococcyx erythropygus simulans van Rossem 


Morococcyx erythropygus simulans van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 
51, 1938, p. 170. (Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.) 


State of Guerrero, Mexico. 


Morococcyx erythropygus mexicanus Ridgway 


Morococcyx erythropygus mexicanus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 
28, 1915, p. 105. (Juchitén, Oaxaca, Mexico.) 


Western portion of the State of Oaxaca eastward to the Isthmus of 
Tehuantepec (Chivela and Juchitan.) 


Morococcyx erythropygus erythropygus (Lesson) 
Coccyzus erythropyga Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1842, p. 210. (San Carlos, 
Central America.) 
Arid tropical zone of Central America from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec 
(Tapanatepec) to northern Costa Rica. 


Morococcyx erythropygus macrourus Griscom 
Morococcyzx erythropygus macrourus Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 414, 
1930, p. 2. (Progreso, Guatemala.) 


1 For an account of the types of birds described by Thunberg, ef. Lonnberg, 
Ibis, 1903, p. 238-242. 


60 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Guatemala, in the arid portion of the Motagua Valley from Gualan to 
Progreso. Not to be distinguished with certainty in every case from 
M. e. erythropygus. 


GrENus DROMOCOCCYX Wiep 


Dromococcyx Wied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 4, 1832, p. 351. Type, by 
monotypy, Macropus phastanellus Spix. 

Geophilus Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 43. Type, 
by monotypy, Geophilus jasijatere Bertoni = Macropus phasianellus 
Spix. 

cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 85-90. 
van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 77, 1934, p. 391. 


Dromococcyx phasianellus rufigularis Lawrence 


Dromococcyx rufigularis Lawrence, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1867, 
p. 233. (Guatemala.) 


Southeastern Mexico from Vera Cruz, Oaxaca and Yucatan south over 
tropical Central America to Colombia. 


Dromococcyx phasianellus phasianellus (Spix) 
Macropus phasianellus Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 53, pl. 42. (Tonan- 
tins, Brazil.) 
Geophilus jasijatere Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, 
p. 43. (Puerto Bertoni, Paraguay.) 
South America, where recorded from Bolivia, and Brazil south of the 
Amazon from the Rio Madeira to the Rio Parnahyba, south to Matto 
Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul; Paraguay; recorded also from north of 


the Amazon from Barra do Rio Negro, Brazil, and from San Esteban, 
Venezuela. 


Dromococcyx pavoninus Pelzeln 
Dromococcyx pavoninus ‘“Natterer” Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 3, 1870, 
p. 270. (Araguay, Engenho do Gama and Arimani, Brazil.) 
Dromococcyx pavonicus ‘‘Pelz.,’’ Dabbene, An. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 
(8), 11, 1910, p. 425. (Lapsus.) 
Distribution not thoroughly worked out, but recorded from the Guianas, 
eastern Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil from the Rio Branco and Rio Negro 
south to Matto Grosso, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro; Paraguay; Misiones. 


GENus GEOCOCCYX WaGLER 


Geococcyx Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1831, col. 524. Type, by monotypy, 
Geococcyx variegata Wagler = Saurothera californiana Lesson. 

cf. Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 7, 1934, p. 457-467. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 1916, pt. 7, p. 74-83. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 61 


Geococcyx californiana (Lesson) 
Saurothera californiana Lesson, Comp]. Oeuvres Buffon,! 6, 1829, p. 420. 
(California. ) 

Southern portions of the western United States from the upper Sacra- 
mento Valley in California, southern Utah, Colorado and southwestern 
Kansas, eastward to the Gulf coast of Texas, south to Lower California 
and over the Mexican tableland to Michoacan, Puebla and Vera Cruz. 


Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore 
Geococcyx velox melanchima Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 
7, 1934, p. 459. (Guirocoba, Sonora.) 
Arid tropical zone of western Mexico from southern Sonora to the 
Isthmus of Tehuantepec. 


Geococcyx velox velox (Wagner) 
Cuculus velox Wagner, Gelehr. Anz., Miinchen, 3, 1836, col. 96. (Mex- 
ico = outskirts of Mexico City.) 
East-central Mexico in states of Mexico and Vera Cruz. This, or some 
other race also occurs in states of Michoacan, Morelos and Puebla. 


Geococcyx velox affinis Hartlaub 
Geococcyx affinis Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 215. (Guatemala.) 


Arid subtropical zone of El Salvador and western Guatemala; birds 
from Chiapas are probably of this form. 


Geococcyx velox pallidus Carriker and de Schauensee 
Geococcyx velox pallidus Carriker and de Schauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. 
Sci. Phila., 87, 1935, p. 426. (Gualan, Motagua Valley, Guatemala.) 
Semi-arid lowlands of Yucatan and eastern Guatemala. 


Geococcyx velox longisignum Moore 
Geococcyx velox longisignum Moore, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 
7, 1934, p. 464. (Comayabuela, Honduras.) 
Honduras and northern Nicaragua; chiefly in the arid interior above 
3000 feet. 


GEeNus NEOMORPHUS G.uocGer 


Neomorphus Gloger, Froriep’s Notizen, 16, 1827, col. 278, note. Type, 
by original designation and monotypy, Coccyzus geoffroyt Temminck. 


cf. Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 5-7. 
Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 2, no. 2, 1919, 
p. 347-348. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 7, 1916, p. 83-85. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 415-419. 


1 Title cited by Sherborn as ‘““H. N. Mamm. Ois. depuis 1788.” 


62 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Neomorphus geoffroyi salvini Sclater 
Neomorphus salvini Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 60, pl. 5. 
(Veraguas, Panama.) 
Tropical zone of Central America from Nicaragua to Panama, extending 
down the Pacific coast of Colombia. 


Neomorphus geoffroyi aequatorialis Chapman 
Neomorphus salvini xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 
1923, p. 5. (Huilea, 4000 feet, eastern slope of the Eastern Andes, 
west of Macas, Ecuador.) 


Tropical zone of eastern Ecuador. 


Neomorphus geoffroyi australis Carriker 
Neomorphus geoffroyi australis Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
87, 1935, p. 316. (Huanay, 1500 feet, Rio Mapiri, Dept. La Paz, 
Bolivia.) 
Northwestern Bolivia in Dept. of La Paz. Birds intermediate between 
this form and typical geoffroyi are recorded from Huacamayo, Dept. 
of Puno, Peru. (Carriker, loc. cit.) 


Neomorphus geoffroyi geoffroyi (Temminck) 
Coccyzus geoffroyt Temminck, PI. col., livr. 2, 1820, pl. 7. (No locality; 
Bahia suggested as type locality by Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 12, 1905, 
p. 298; since the original description and plate do not agree with 
Bahia specimens, I designate the vicinity of the city of Para, Brazil, 
as type locality.) 
Brazil south of the Amazon; recorded from the Rio Madeira (Calama 
and Maruins), Rio Tocantins, region about Parad, and northwestern 
Maranh4o (Tury-asst). 


Neomorphus geoffroyi dulcis Snethlage 
Neomorphus dulcis Snethlage, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 80. (Lagéa 
Juparan4, Fazenda Santa Ana, Espirito Santo, Brazil.) 
Eastern Brazil in states of Bahia (Rio Jagoaripe, Rio Belmonte, Serra 
do Palhio, Rio Gongogy), Espirito Santo, Minas Geraés (Rio Matipés) 
and Rio de Janeiro (Cantagallo).! 


Neomorphus squamiger Todd 
Neomorphus squamiger Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 112. 
(Colonia do Mojuy, Santarem, Brazil.) 
Known only from the lower Rio Tapajéz in central Brazil (Santarem, 
Tauary, Boim.)? 


1 Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 8, 1851, p. 212, records some form of 
N. geoffroyi from the Rio Araguaya, Goyaz. 

2 This form is probably conspecific with N. geoffroyi, but the distribution 
of both squamiger and geoffroyi on the southern affluents of the Amazon in 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 63 


Neomorphus radiolosus Sclater and Salvin 


Neomorphus radiolosus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 
1878, p. 439, pl. 27. (‘Intaj” 7.e. Intac, Ecuador.) 


Northwestern Ecuador. 


Neomorphus rufipennis rufipennis (G. R. Gray) 


Cultrides rufipennis G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1849, p. 63, 
pl. 10. (“Supposed to be a native of Mexico,” error = lower Orinoco 
River, Venezuela.) 


Region of the lower Orinoco River in Venezuela. 


Neomorphus rufipennis nigrogularis Chapman 
Neomorphus nigrogularis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 
1914, p. 194. (Foot of Mt. Duida, 700 feet, Venezuela.) 


British Guiana and the upper Orinoco River in Venezuela and extreme 
northern Brazil in the Rio Branco region. 


Neomorphus pucheranii pucheranii (Deville) 


Cultrides Pucheranii Deville, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 3, 1851, p. 211. 
(“L’Ucayale et 1’Amazone” = Rio Yaguas, Peru.)! 


Neomorphus napensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 5. 
(Junction of the Rio Curaray with the Rio Napo, Ecuador.) 


Amazonian Ecuador and Peru north of the Amazon, eastward to 
western Brazil on the north bank of the Solimoés. 


Brazil is so imperfectly known, that it is perhaps safer to regard it as a dis- 
tinct species for the present. 

1 Neomorphus pucheranii was named from two specimens taken on Castel- 
nau’s expedition; both cotypes were figured in ‘‘Anim. Nouv. ou rare rec. . ... 
dans L’Amér. du Sud” Ois. 1855, pls. 6 and 7. Pl. 6 represents the bird later 
named lepidophanes by Todd and believed by Deville to be the adult, while 
pl. 7 is the type of bird that Chapman called napensis, which Deville thought 
represented the “jeune Age.’’ Thus pucheranii is a composite, the two cotypes 
representing distinct subspecies. It therefore becomes necessary to restrict the 
name pucheranii to one or the other. Dr. Hellmayr, who kindly gave me con- 
siderable information on the two cotypes, which are still in the Paris Museum, 
is of the opinion that the name should be fixed onto the specimen which was 
supposed to represent the adult; such a course would result in the subspecies 
being called N. p. pucheranii and N. p. napensis with lepidophanes becoming 
a synonym of the former. It would seem to me however that Todd was the 
first to discover that there was a second form closely allied to pucheranii in 
upper Amazonia and that he is entitled to be called the first reviser since in 
describing lepidophanes he distinctly states ‘this species finds its nearest ally 
in N. pucheranii (Deville) of upper Amazonia.”” Now according to Hellmayr 
(in litt.) the “jeune Age’’ specimen that I consider represents pucheranii under 
the first reviser rule came from Santa Maria, Peru (i.e. Santa Maria de las 
Yaguas on the Rio Yaguas, a southern tributary of the Putumayo) and there- 
fore I designate the Rio Yaguas as the type locality of Cultrides pucherani 
Deville. 


64 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Neomorphus pucheranii lepidophanes Todd 


Neomorphus lepidophanes Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 112. 
(Nova Olinda, Rio Purits, Brazil.) 


Amazonian Peru and Brazil, south of the Amazon, from the Ucayali to 
the left bank of the Puris. 


Grnus CARPOCOCCYX G. R. Gray 


Calobates Temminck, PI. col., livr. 91, 1832, pl. 538. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Calobates radiceus Temminck. Not Calobates Kaup, 1829. 
Carpococcyx G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 56. New name for 

Calobates Temminck, not of Kaup.! 
cf. Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1831, p. 190-191. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 414-415. 


Carpococcyx radiceus radiceus (Temminck) 
Calobates radiceus? Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 91, 1832, pl. 538. (Pon- 
tianak district, western Borneo.) 
Borneo. 


Carpococcyx radiceus viridis Salvadori 
Carpococcyx viridis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1879, p. 187. 
(Mt. Singalan, eastern Sumatra.) 
Sumatra. 


Carpococcyx renauldi Oustalet 


Carpococcyx Renauldi Oustalet, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 2, 1896, 
p. 314. (Province of Quang-tri, Annam.) 


Southern and eastern Siam; all French Indochina except Tonkin. 


SuBFAMILY COUINAE 
Genus COUA Scuinz? 


Coua Schinz, Das Thierreich, 1, 1821, p. 661. Type, by monotypy, 
Cuculus madagascariensis Gmelin = Cuculus gigas Boddaert.* 


cf. Delacour, L’Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 2, 1932, p. 45-48; 85. 
Sclater, Syst. Av. Ethiop., pt. 1, 1924, p. 188-189. 
Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 405-413. 


1 Gray renamed Calobates Temminck because it was “similar to a word 
used in entomology”’; he overlooked Calobates Kaup, apparently having in 
mind only Calobata Meigen, 1803, Diptera. 

2 This is the original spelling; Temminck wrote it radiatus in Tabl. Méth., 
1838, p. 53, and the latter name is often used. 

3 Includes Cochlothraustes Cabanis and Heine. 

* While sometimes credited to Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1816, p. 425, this genus 
was employed by him only in the vernacular, ‘‘les Couas’’; Coua Oken, 1817, 
is a nomen nudum. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 65 


Coua delalandei (Temminck) 
Coccycus [sic] Delalandei Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 74, 1827, pl. 440. 
(Madagascar. ) 


Formerly occurred on the island of Sainte Marie and opposite mainland 
of eastern Madagascar, probably from the head of Antongil Bay southward 
to Tamatave. Now extirpated on the former island and said to be confined 
only to a few patches of forest between Fito and Maroantsetra.' 


Coua gigas (Boddaert) 


Cuculus gigas Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, pl. 50. (Madagascar, 
based on Daubenton, Pl. enlum., no. 815.) 


Western and southern Madagascar from Bombetoke Bay to the Man- 
drare River. 


Coua coquereli Grandidier 


Coua Coquereli Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 391. 
(Morondava, Madagascar.) 


Western Madagascar from Port Radama south to Saint Augustin Bay. 


Coua serriana Pucheran 
Coua Serriana Pucheran, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 51. (Madagascar.) 


Forests of northeastern Madagascar from Sambava south to the Sianaka 
Forest. 


Coua reynaudii Pucheran 
Coua Reynaudit Pucheran, Rev. Zool., 1845, p. 51. (Madagascar.) 


Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar from Maromandia 
on the northwest coast to Manombo on the southeast. 


Coua cursor Grandidier 


Coua cursor Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 391. 
(Cape Sainte Marie and Machikora, Madagascar.) 


Arid portions of southwestern Madagascar from Lake Iotry to Cape 
Sainte Marie. 


Coua ruficeps ruficeps G. R. Gray 
Coua ruficeps G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 2, 1846, p. [454], col. pl. CXV. 
(Madagascar and the eastern side of Africa.) 
Northwestern Madagascar from the Betsiboka River (perhaps from 
Narinda Bay) southwestward to the Manambao River. 


1 Lavauden, Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris (2), 4, 1932, p. 639-640. 
Lavauden’s information however was obtained from native hunters and he 
himself never examined a specimen nor saw one alive. 


66 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Coua ruficeps olivaceiceps (Sharpe) 
Sericosomus olivaceiceps Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873, p. 615. 
(Southwestern Madagascar. ) 
Southwestern Madagascar, south of the range of C. r. ruficeps, to 
Ampotaka. 


Coua cristata cristata (Linné) 
Cuculus cristatus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Mada- 
gascar.) 
Northern and eastern Madagascar, southward on the west coast to the 
region opposite Nosy Bé (intergrading with C. c. dumonti in the region 
about Narinda Bay), and on the east coast to Farafangana. 


Coua cristata dumonti Delacour 
Coua cristata dumonti Delacour, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 1, 
1931, p. 475. (Tsiandro, Antzingy, Madagascar.) 
Western Madagascar from Majunga to Morondava. 


Coua cristata pyropyga Grandidier 
Coua pyropyga Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 392. 
(Southwestern coast of Madagascar.) 
Southwestern Madagascar from south of Morondava to Cape Sainte 
Marie. 
Coua verreauxi Grandidier 
Coua Verreauxt Grandidier, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 19, 1867, p. 86, 417. 
(Cape Sainte Marie, Madagascar.) 
Sandy deserts of southwestern Madagascar from Tulear to Cape Sainte 
Marie. 
Coua caerulea (Linné) 
Cuculus ceruleus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 171. (Mada- 
gascar.) 
Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar from Anorontsanga 
and Maromandia to Manombo. 


SUBFAMILY CENTROPODINAE 
Genus CENTROPUS IL1icEeR 
Centropus Illiger, Prodromus, 1811, p. 205. Type, by subsequent desig- 
nation, Cuculus aegyptius Gmelin. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, 
p. 56.) 
Megacentropus Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. Type, by 
original designation, Centropus cupreicaudus Reichenow. 


Grillia Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 220. Type, by original 
designation and virtual tautonymy, Centropus grillii Hartlaub.! 


1 The dismemberment of the genus Centropus appears to be inadvisable; 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 67 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 189-195; 7, 

1930, p. 337-338. 

Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 120-134. 

Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 83, 1931, p. 33-35 (races of 
superciliosus). 

Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 158, 1930, p. 276-285 (races of 
monachus and superciliosus). 

C. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 419-428 (review of African species). 

Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 152-153 (types in Tring). 

McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 380-386. 

Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 2138-225. 

Shelley, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 19, 1891, p. 331-367. 

Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 336-339 (review of bengalensis) ; 
20, 1913, p. 321-324 (review of sinensis). 

van Someren, Nov. Zool., 37, 1932, p. 274-275. 


Centropus milo albidiventris Rothschild 


Centropus albidiventris Rothschild, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 59. 
(Gizo, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands: Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Gizo and Rendova. 


Centropus milo milo Gould 


Centropus Milo Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1856, p. 136. (Guadal- 
canar, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands: Florida and Guadalcanar. 


Centropus goliath Bonaparte 


Centropus goliath “‘Forsten” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 108. 
(Halmahera.) 


Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Batjan, Obi; Ternate (?). 


Centropus violaceus Quoy and Gaimard 


Centropus violaceus Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 229; Atlas, Ois., pl. 19. (Carteret Harbor, New Ireland.) 


New Ireland and New Britain. 


Centropus menbeki menbeki Lesson and Garnot 


Centropus Menbeki Lesson and Garnot, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Atlas, 1828, 
pl. 33; Zool., 1, livr. 18, 1829, p. 600.1 (New Guinea = Dorey [now 
Manokwar'i].) 


Western Papuan Islands: Batanta, Salawati, Misol; all of New Guinea. 


additional synonyms are Polophilus Leach, 1814, Corydonyx Vieillot, 1816, 
Nesocentor Cabanis and Heine, 1863, Centrococcyx Cabanis and Heine, 1863, 
Pyrrhocentor Cabanis and Heine, 1863. 

1 The specific name is spelled menebiki in the text, and menebikii on the 
table of plates accompanying the Atlas. 


68 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Centropus menbeki jobiensis Stresemann and Paludan 
Centropus menbeki jobiensis Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 
1932, p. 236. (Jobi.) 
Confined to the Island of Jobi. 


Centropus menbeki aruensis (Salvadori) 
Nesocentor aruensis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 12, 1878, p. 317. 
(Aru Islands.) 
Aru Islands. 


Centropus ateralbus Lesson 
Centropus ateralbus Lesson, Bull. Univ. Sci. Industr., 8, sect. 2 (Bull. 
Sci. Nat. Geol.), 1826, p. 113. (New Ireland.) 


New Ireland and New Britain. 


Centropus chalybeus (Salvadori) 
Nesocentor chalybeus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 915. 
(Misori.) 
Islands of Biak (formerly called Misori) and Numfor (?). 


Centropus phasianinus propinquus Mayr 
Centropus phasianinus propinquus Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 
1937, p. 4. (Ifar, Sentani Lake, New Guinea.) 
Probably inhabits the entire coast of northern New Guinea between the 
Mamberano River and Astrolabe Bay. 


Centropus phasianinus nigricans (Salvadori) 
Polophilus nigricans Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 9, 1876, p. 17. 
(Yule Island and Naiabui, New Guinea.) 
Southern coast of southeastern New Guinea; Yule Island. 


Centropus phasianinus obscuratus Mayr 
Centropus phasianinus obscuratus Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 
1937, p. 4. (Fergusson Island.) 
Goodenough and Fergusson Islands, and possibly the north coast of 
southeastern New Guinea. 


Centropus phasianinus thierfelderi Stresemann 
Centropus phasianus [sic] thierfeldert Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 
1927, p. 111. (Merauke, New Guinea.) 


Southern New Guinea. 


Centropus phasianinus phasianinus (Latham) 
Cuculus phasianinus Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xxx. (New 
Holland, restricted to New South Wales by Gould, infra.) 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 69 


Polophilus phasianinus yorki Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, p. 58. 
(Cape York, Queensland.) 
Eastern Australia from northern Queensland to northern New South 
Wales. 


Centropus phasianinus macrourus Gould 

Centropus macrourus Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 29, 1847, text to pl. [2] = 
4, pl. 92 of bound volume. (Port Essington.) 

Centropus melanurus Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 29, 1847, text to pl. [2] = 
4, pl. 92 of bound volume. (Northwestern Australia.) 

Polophilus phasianinus keatsi Ashby, South Austr. Orn., 2, 1915, p. 72. 
(Port Keats, Northern Territory.) 

Polophilus phasianinus melvillensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1919, 
p. 391. (Melville Island.) 

?Polophilus phasianinus highami Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 
1922, p. 13. (Ashburton River, Mid-West Australia.) 

Northern and Mid-West Australia. 


Centropus spilopterus G. R. Gray 
Centropus spilopterus G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858, p. 184. 
(Kei Islands.) 
Kei Islands. 


Centropus bernsteini manam Mayr 
Centropus bernsteini manam Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1987, p. 3. 
(Vulcan Island, New Guinea.) 


Confined to Vulcan Island. 


Centropus bernsteini bernsteini Schlegel 


Centropus Bernsteini Schlegel, Ned. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 251. 
(Salawati and the opposite coast of New Guinea = New Guinea; 
the species is not known to occur on Salawati.) 


New Guinea east to Simbang and the Sattelberg. 


Centropus chlororhynchus Blyth 


Centropus chlororhynchus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, pt. 2, 1849, 
p. 805. (Ceylon.) 
Humjd forests of the southwestern hill region of Ceylon up to 2500 feet.’ 


Centropus rectunguis Strickland 
Centropus rectunguis Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846 (1847), 
p. 104. (Malacca.) 
Malay States, Sumatra, Borneo. 
1 This species seems to have no near relatives; in spite of its very different 


coloration it appears to be structurally closer to C. andamanensis than to any 
other representatives of the genus. 


70 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Centropus steerii Bourns and Worcester 


Centropus steerii Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota Acad. 
Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 14. (Mindoro, Philippine Islands.) 


Confined to the Island of Mindoro, Philippines. 


Centropus sinensis parroti Stresemann 
Centropus sinensis parroti Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 323. 
(Ceylon.) 
Indian Peninsula, south of the range of the next race; Ceylon. 


Centropus sinensis sinensis (Stephens) 

Polophilus sinensis Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 9, pt. 1, 1815, p. 51. 
(“Said to inhabit China” = Ning Po, China, by designation of Strese- 
mann, antea, p. 321.) 

Northern India from Sind and Kashmir eastward through the lower 
Himalayas (up to 7000 feet), Assam, southern China (in provinces of 
Kwangsi, Chekiang and Fukien), south to central India (United Provinces 
and valley of the Ganges) and the Brahmaputra; boundary between this 
race and the next not exactly determined; birds from the hill districts of 
Manipur are referable to C. s. sinensis. 


Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume) 


Centrococcyx intermedius A. O. H. [ = Hume], Stray Feath., 1, 1873, 
p. 454, in text. (Dhoon, Dacca and Thayetmyo.) 


Tipperah, Cachar, Burma north to the Chin Hills, and southern Yunnan, 
south to Peninsular Siam and all of French Indochina; Hainan. 


Centropus sinensis eurycercus Blyth 


Centropus eurycercus ‘“Hay” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 2, 
1845, p. 551. (Malacca.) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Nias, Siberut, Borneo, North Natuna 
Islands; the birds recorded as C. s. bubutus from Balabac, Palawan and 
Cagayan Sulu, in the Philippine Islands, may be referable here. 


Centropus sinensis bubutus Horsfield 


Centropus Bubutus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 
1821, p. 180. (Java.) 


Java and Bali. 


Centropus sinensis anonymous Stresemann 


Centropus sinensis anonymous Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, p. 323. 
(Tawi Tawi, Philippine Islands.) 


Philippine Islands: Basilan, Jolo, Tawi Tawi. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 71 


Centropus sinensis kangeanensis Vorderman 


Centropus kangeanensis Vorderman, Natuurk. Tijdschr. Nederl.-Indié, 
52, 1893, p. 190. (Kangean Islands.) 


Kangean Islands. 


Centropus (sinensis) andamanensis Beavan 
Centropus andamanensis “Tytler” Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 321. (Andaman 
Islands.) 
Great and Little Coco Islands; Andaman Islands. 


Centropus nigrorufus (Cuvier)! 


Cuculus nigrorufus Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 426, note. 
(Java. Based entirely on Levaillant, p. 220.) 


Sumatra and Java. 


Centropus viridis viridis (Scopoli) 
Cuculus viridis Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr., fase. 2, 1786, p. 89. 
(Antigua, Panay, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat.) 
Philippine Islands generally. 


Centropus viridis carpenteri Mearns 


Centropus carpenteri Mearns, Phil. Journ. Sci., 2, sec. A., 1907, p. 356. 
(Foothills of Mt. Irada, Batan Island, Philippines.) 


Confined to the Island of Batan, Philippines. 


Centropus viridis mindorensis (Steere) 


Centrococcyx Mindorensis Steere, List Bds. Mamms. Steere Exped., 
1890, p. 12. (No locality = Calapan, Mindoro, Philippine Islands.) 


Recorded only from the islands of Mindoro and Semirara, Philippines. 


Centropus toulou toulou (P. L.S. Miiller) 


Cuculus Toulou P. L.S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 90. (Mada- 
gascar.) 


Madagascar. 


Centropus toulou insularis Ridgway 


Centropus insularis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, 1894, p. 373. 
(Aldabra Island.) 


Confined to Aldabra Island. 


Centropus toulou assumptionis Nicoll 


Centropus assumptionis Nicoll, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 105. 
(Assumption Island.) 


Confined to Assumption Island. 


1 Replaces Centropus purpureus Shelley of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


72 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Centropus bengalensis bengalensis (Gmelin) 
Cuculus bengalensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 412. (Bengal.) 
India from Kanara and Bihar southward, Bengal, Assam, Burma and 
southern Yunnan, south to Tenasserim, Siam and all French Indochina; 
Island of Hainan. 


Centropus bengalensis lignator Swinhoe 
Centropus lignator Swinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 48. (Kelung on Formosa; 
Amoy; Hongkong.) 
Centropus bengalensis takatsukasat Momiyama, Bull. Biogeogr. Soc. 
Japan, 2, 1932, p. 276. (Imourod, Botel Tobago.) 
Southeastern China in provinces of Kwangsi, Kwangtung and Fukien; 
islands of Formosa and Botel Tobago. Very close to C. b. bengalensis. 


Centropus bengalensis javanensis (Dumont) 
Cuculus javanensis Dumont, Dict. Sci. Nat., éd. Levrault, 11, 1818, 
p. 144. (Java.)} 
Malay Peninsula, Rhio Archipelago, Sumatra, Banka, Java, Bali, 
Billiton, Borneo, Natuna Islands, Philippine Islands generally (including 
Palawan and the Sulu Archipelago). 


Centropus bengalensis sarasinorum Stresemann 
Centropus bengalensis sarasinorum Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, 
p. 338. (Lesser Sunda Islands and Celebes.)? 
Talaut Islands, Sangir Islands, Siao, Celebes, Tukang besi Islands, 
Kalao, Djampea, Kalaotuah, Madu, Lombok, Sumbawa, Sumba, Flores, 
Pantar, Alor, Savu, Timor, Wetar, Kisar, Roma, Leti, Moa. 


Centropus bengalensis medius Bonaparte 


Centropus medius ‘‘Miill.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 108. 
(Amboina; Java, restricted to Amboina by Stresemann, antea, p. 339.) 


Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Tidore, Batjan, Obi, Buru, 
Ceram and Amboina. 


Centropus grillii grillii Hartlaub 
Centropus Grillit Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 13. (Gaboon.) 


Centropus thierryi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 190. (Mangu, 
Togoland.) 


1 The specific name has been almost universally written javanicus. 

2 Hartert, 1925, p. 152 designates an adult 9 from Kalidupa Island as the 
type; no holotype was mentioned in the original description but a large series 
was listed from nearly all the islands included in the range given; these speci- 
mens therefore all rank as cotypes and Hartert’s designation of a type amounts 
to a restriction of type locality. 

3 Replaces Centropus nigrorufus of authors (not Cuculus nigrorufus Cuvier), 
of Sharpe’s Hand-list; cf. Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1902, p. 74-75. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE v3 


Portuguese Guinea, Lake Chad, Bahr el Ghazal and Kenya Colony, 
south to Gold Coast Colony, southern Nigeria, Gaboon, Belgian Congo and 
Nyasaland. 


Centropus grillii caeruleiceps Neumann 
Centropus grilli caeruleiceps Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 52, 1904, p. 380. 
(Lake Abaya.) 
Lake region of southern Ethiopia. 


Centropus grillii wahlbergi C. Grant 
Centropus grillit wahlbergi C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, p. 99. 
(Umslango, Port Natal.) 
Natal; birds recorded from western parts of the Transvaal are probably 
referable here. 


Centropus epomidis Bonaparte 
Centropus epomidis ‘‘Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 107. 
(Guinea. ) 
Gold Coast and Southern Nigeria. 


Centropus leucogaster leucogaster (Leach) 
Polophilus leucogaster Leach, Zool. Misc., 1, 1814, p. 117, pl. 52. (New 
Holland, error = Gold Coast Colony.) 
Centropus leucogaster var. chalybeiceps Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, pt. 1, 
1902, p. 69. (Gambia, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Gold Coast.) 


Sierra Leone to Nigeria. 


Centropus leucogaster efulenensis Sharpe 
Centropus efulenensis Sharpe, Ibis, 1904, p. 615. (Efulen, Cameroon.) 
Western Cameroon and Gaboon. 


Centropus leucogaster neumanni Alexander 
Centropus neumanni Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 78. 
(Angu, Uelle district, Belgian Congo.) 
Known only from the Uelle River and the Ituri district of the Belgian 
Congo. Perhaps not different from C. l. efulenensis. 


Centropus anselli Sharpe 
Centropus anselli Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1874, p. 204, pl. 33, 
f. 1. (Danger River, Gaboon.) 
Southern Cameroon south to the Loango Coast and eastward in the 
forests of the lower and central Congo as far as Isangi. 


Centropus monachus occidentalis Neumann 
Centropus monachus occidentalis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 
1908, p. 77. (Ombrokua (Ugoma), Ogowe River, Gaboon.) 


74 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Gold Coast eastward through southern Nigeria and the Ubangi-Shari 
to the southwestern side of the Nile-Congo divide. 


Centropus monachus angolensis Neumann 


Centropus monachus angolensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, 
p. 77. (Canhoea, northern Angola.) 


Northern Angola. 


Centropus monachus fischeri Reichenow 


Centropus Fischeri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 57. (Ni- 
akatshi and Kiniamongo, east of Lake Victoria.) 


Centropus monachus var. nigrodorsalis Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, pt. 1, 
1902, p. 63. (Bussisi [south end of Lake Victoria].) 


Centropus heuglint Neumann, in Koenig’s Reise nach dem Sudan, etc., 
Verh. V. Int. Orn.-Kongr. Berlin 1910, 1911, p. 504, pl. 1. (Bahr el 
Ghazal.) 


Upper Nile Valley in the Sudan and Uganda, east to the Abyssinian 
Escarpment and the Rift Valley, south to the-Nile-Congo divide and Lake 
Victoria. 


Centropus monachus monachus Riippell 


Centropus monachus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., V6g., 1837, p. 57, pl. 21, 
f. 2. (Kulla, northern Ethiopia.) 


Eritrea, Ethiopia and Kenya Colony south to Kikuyu. 


Centropus monachus cupreicaudus Reichenow 
Centropus cupreicaudus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 4, 1896, p. 53. 
(Okawangoland and Angola.) 
Southern Angola and southern Tanganyika Territory, south to Damara- 
land, Lake Ngami and the upper Zambesi Valley. 


Centropus senegalensis aegyptius (Gmelin) 
Cuculus egyptius Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p: 420. (Egypt.) 


Egypt, where locally resident in the Fayum, the lower reaches of the 
Rosetta Nile and in the Embaba district of Giza Province. 


Centropus senegalensis senegalensis (Linné) 
Cuculus senegalensis Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, 1, 1766, p. 169. (Senegal.) 
Centropus senegalensis tschadensis Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, 
p. 124. (Lake Chad region.) 

Senegal east to the upper Nile Valley, western Uganda and western 
Tanganyika Territory, extending north to Air and Lake Chad, south to 
the mouth of the Congo, the Kasai and northern Angola; absent from the 
forest areas. 


FAMILY CUCULIDAE 75 


Centropus senegalensis incertus Granvik 


Centropus senegalensis incertus Granvik, Journ. f. Orn., 71, 1923, 
Sonderh., p. 78. (Mt. Elgon.) 


Region about Mt. Elgon; doubtfully distinct from senegalensis. 


Centropus senegalensis flecki Reichenow 


Centropus flecki Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 84. (Nukana, 
on the Okovango River, Bechuanaland.) 


Bechuanaland and the upper Zambesi Valley south to the Transvaal 
and Mashonaland. 


Centropus superciliosus loandae C. Grant 


Centropus superciliosus loande C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, 
p. 54. (Near N’Dalla Tando, Angola.) 


Lower Congo Valley and Angola eastward across the Belgian Congo to 
Uganda, Tanganyika Territory, northern Rhodesia and northern Nyasa- 
land. 


Centropus superciliosus superciliosus Hemprich and Ehrenberg 


Centropus superciliosus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, Symb. Phys., Aves, 
1833, fol. R., note 3. (Arabia and Ethiopia.) 


Centropus meridionalis Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 12, 1914, 
p. 584, note. (East and southern Africa.) 


Centropus superciliosus intermedius van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 
41, 1921, p. 125. (Mombasa, Kenya Colony.) Not Centrococcyx 
intermedius Hume which is Centropus sinensis intermedius (Hume). 


Centropus superciliosus furvus Friedmann, Auk, 43, 1926, p. 370. New 
name to replace Centropus intermedius van Someren, preoccupied. 


Centropus superciliosus niloticus Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. 
Hist. Nat., 3, 1924, p. 160, pl. 4, f. 1. (Kenissa, White Nile.) 


Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somaliland, south through Kenya Colony 
and eastern Tanganyika Territory; Zanzibar Island; southern Arabia. 


Centropus superciliosus sokotrae C. Grant 


Centropus superciliosus sokotre C. Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1915, 
p. 55. (Adho Dimellus, Socotra Island.) 


Confined to Socotra Island. 


Centropus superciliosus burchellii Swainson ' 


Centropus Burchellii Swainson, Anim. in Menag., 1838 (1837), p. 321. 
(South Africa, 7.e. Cape Province.) 


1 The arrangement of races of swperciliosus adopted here is that proposed by 
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 90-92. For a 
criticism of that arrangement cf. Roberts, Ostrich, 9, 1938, p. 109-112. 


76 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Centropus fasciipygialis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 6, 1898, p. 23. 
(Quilimane, Lindi and Mozambique.) 
Centropus pymi Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 4, 1914, p. 175. (Draai- 
bosch, Kaffraria.) 
Southern Nyasaland and southern Tanganyika Territory south to the 
Transvaal and the Inhambane district of Mozambique, southwest to Cape 
Province and Natal. 


Centropus melanops melanops Lesson 
Centropus melanops Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 187. (Java, 
error = Mindanao.) 
Philippine Islands: Leyte, Bohol, Mindanao, Basilan, Nipa. 


?Centropus melanops banken Hachisuka 
Centropus melanops banken Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 221. 
(Paranas, Samar.) 
Confined to the Island of Samar, Philippine Islands; its distinctness 
from the typical race requires confirmation. 


Centropus celebensis celebensis Quoy and Gaimard 
Centropus celebensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 230; Atlas, Ois., pl. 20. (Manado, Celebes.) 
Northern Peninsula of Celebes, westward at least to the foothills of 
the Matinang Mts.; Togian Islands (?). 


Centropus celebensis rufescens (Meyer and Wiglesworth) 

Pyrrhocentor celebensis rufescens Meyer and Wiglesworth, Abh. Ber. 
K. Zool. Mus. Dresden, 6, 1896-97 (1896), no. 2, p. 11. (East Penin- 
sula of Celebes, type from Tonkean.) 

Centropus celebensis trigeminus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, 
p. 84. (Uru, 800 metres, western base of the Latimodjong Mts., 
southern Celebes.) 

Central Celebes and the eastern, southern and southeastern peninsulas. 


Centropus unirufus unirufus (Cabanis and Heine) 
Pyrrhocentor unirufus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 4, 1862- 
1863 (1863), Heft 1, p. 118, note. (Philippines 7.e., Luzon.) 
Confined to the Island of Luzon. 


?Centropus unirufus polillensis Hachisuka 


Centropus unirufus polillensis Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. 
Publ. no. 14, 1930, p. 177. (Polillo, Philippine Islands.) 


Confined to the Island of Polillo; doubtfully distinct from C. u. unirufus. 


FAMILY TYTONIDAE rar 


ORDER STRIGIFORMES 
FAMILY #Protostrigidae (Fossil) 


Famity TYTONIDAE 


SuBFAMILY TYTONINAE 
Genus TYTO BILLBERG 


Tyto Billberg, Syn. Faun. Scand., 1, pt. 2, 1828, tab. A. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Strix flammea auct. = Strix alba Scopoli.! 

Hybris Nitzsch, Pterylogr., 1833, p. 16. Type, by monotypy, Strix 
flammea Linné = Strix alba Scopoli. 

cf. Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1028-1040. 

Id., Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 93-104. 
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 109-114. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 598-617. 
Sclater, Bds. So. Afr., 3, 1903, p. 235-240. 


Tyto soumagnei (Milne-Edwards) 


Heliodilus Soumagnei Milne-Edwards, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 
85, 1877 (1878, séance of 31 Dec., 1877), p. 1282, note 2. (Madagas- 
car.) 


Heliodilus Sowmagnii Grandidier, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878 
(séance of 29 Dec., 1877), p. 66. (Madagascar.) 


Madagascar. 


Tyto alba schmitzi (Hartert) 


Strix flammea schmitzi Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 534. (Funchal, 
Madeira.) 


Madeira. 


Tyto alba gracilirostris (Hartert) 


Strix flammea gracilirostris Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1905, p. 31. 
(Fuertaventura, Canary Islands.) 


Eastern Canary Islands: Fuertaventura and Lanzarote. 


Tyto alba alba (Scopoli) 


Strix alba Scopoli, Annus 1, Hist.-Nat., 1769, p. 21. (“Ex Foro Juli” = 
Friuli, Italy.) 


1 Replaces Strix of Sharpe’s Hand-list and includes Heliodilus Milne- 
Edwards, 1878. 

2 For anatomical note and remarks on systematic position see Allen and 
Greenway, Auk, 52, 1935, p. 413-416. 


78 CHECK~—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Strix hostilis Kleinschmidt, Falco, 11, 1915, p. 18. (England.) 


Tyto alba kleinschmidti Jordans, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 409. (AI- 
cudia, Mallorca.) 


British Isles, Channel Isles, western France, Iberian Peninsula, Italy 
south of the southern slopes of the Alps, countries adjoining the Mediter- 
ranean basin and islands therein (except Corsica and Sardinia.) 

Tyto alba ernesti (Kleinschmidt) 


Strix ernestt Kleinschmidt, Orn. Monatsb., 9, 1901, p. 168. (Loceri, 
Sardinia.) 


Corsica and Sardinia. 


Tyto alba guttata (C. L. Brehm) 


Strix guttata C. L. Brehm, Handb. Naturg. V6g. Deutschl., 1831, p. 106. 
(The northeast, perhaps Riga; in winter in Germany.) 


Strix Flammea rhenana Kleinschmidt, Berajah, 1906, Strix Flammea, 
p. 20. (Darmstadt, Germany.) 


Southern Sweden, Germany,! eastward through the Baltic countries and 
Poland to western Russia, south to the Alps, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria 
and the Crimea. 

Tyto alba detorta Hartert 


Tyto alba detorta Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1918, p. 38. (Cape 
Verde Islands; type from St. Jago.) 


Cape Verde Islands: Santiago and St. Vincent. 


Tyto alba affinis (Blyth) 
Strix affinis Blyth, Ibis, 1862, p. 388. (Cape of Good Hope, Cape 
Town fixed as type locality by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. 
Brit. Orn. Cl.,.67,,1937; p. 157.) 


Tropical Africa from Gambia, southern Sahara and the Sudan to Cape 
Province. 
Tyto alba thomensis (Hartlaub) 


Strix thomensis Hartlaub, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 4, 1852, p. 3. (Sao 
Thomé Island.) 


Confined to the Island of Sao Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea. 


Tyto alba erlangeri W. L. Sclater 
Tyto alba erlangeri W. L. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1921, p. 24. 
(Lahej, Arabia.) 
Arabia east to Masqat, apparently extending north to southern Pales- 
tine and Iraq. 


1 TIntergradation between alba and guitata takes place in eastern [France 
and western Germany up to the valley of the Rhine. 


FAMILY TYTONIDAE 79 


Tyto alba hypermetra Grote 


Tyto alba hypermetra Grote, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 79. (Central 
Madagascar.) 


Comoro Islands and Madagascar. 


Tyto alba stertens Hartert 
Tyto alba steriens Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 98. (Cachar.) 


India, Assam and probably northern Burma; Ceylon. Limits in Burma 
of this form and javanica not known. 


Tyto alba javanica (Gmelin) 
Strix javanica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 295. (Java.) 


Southern (?) Burma, Siam and Indochina, southward over all of south- 
eastern Asia; Java, Thousand Islands; Kangean Islands, Lombok, Flores, 
Alor and Timor.! 


Tyto alba de-roepstorffii (Hume) 


Strix De-Roepstorffi Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875, p. 390. 
(Aberdeen, South Andaman Islands.) 


South Andaman Islands. 


Tyto alba sumbaénsis (Hartert) 
Strix flammea sumbaénsis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 4, 1897, p. 270. (Sumba 
Island; type from Waingapo.) 
Confined to Sumba Island. 


Tyto alba everetti Hartert 
Tyto alba everetti Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 99. (Savu.) 
Confined to the Island of Savu, 100 miles west of Timor. 


Tyto alba kuehni Hartert 
Tyto alba kuehni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 99. (Kisar Island.) 


Kisar Island; this form, rather than javanica, may be the race occurring 
on the islands of the Lesser Sunda chain from Flores to Timor. 


Tyto alba meeki (Rothschild and Hartert) 
Strix flammea meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 14, 1907, 
p. 446. (Collingwood Bay, New Guinea.) 
Southeastern New Guinea from Collingwood Bay on the north and 
Port Moresby on the south, eastward; Vulcan and Dampier islands. 


1 Tyto alba has been recorded from Kalao and Kalao tua; specimens from 
these islands do not agree with any of the named races but in view of the 
variability in this species, names have not been proposed. See Meise, Journ. 

Orn., 77, 1929, p. 466-467. 


80 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tyto alba delicatula (Gould) 
Strix delicatulus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1836 (1837), p. 140. 
(New South Wales.) 
Tyto alba alexandrae Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 256. (Alexandra, 
Northern Territory.) 
Australia; Solomon Islands: Vella Lavella and Malaita. 


Tyto alba crassirostris Mayr 
Tyto alba crassirostris Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3. 
(Boang Island, Tanga Group, Bismarck Archipelago.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Tyto alba interposita Mayr 
Tyto alba interposita Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3. 
(Vanikoro, Santa Cruz Islands.) 
Santa Cruz Islands, Banks Islands and northern New Hebrides. 


Tyto alba lulu (Peale) 
Striz lulu Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 74. (Upolu, and other 
islands of the Samoan Group; Ovalau, Fiji Islands.) 
Tyto alba lifuensis Brasil, Rev. Franc. d’Orn., 4, 1916, p. 202. (Lifu, 
Loyalty Islands.) 
New Caledonia, southern New Hebrides, Loyalty, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa 
and Society Islands. 


Tyto alba pratincola (Bonaparte) 
Strix Pratincola Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, p. 7. (No 
locality = Pennsylvania.) New name for Strix flammea Wilson. 
North and Central America from northern California, Nebraska, 
southern Wisconsin, southern Michigan, western New York and southern 
New England, south to Lower California and the Gulf States and through 
Mexico to eastern Guatemala and probably eastern Nicaragua. 


Tyto alba guatemalae (Ridgway) 
Strix flammea var. Guatemale, Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873, 
p. 200. (Guatemala to Panama; type from Chinandega, Nicaragua.) 


Western Guatemala, Salvador, western Nicaragua, and Panama to the 
Canal Zone. 


Tyto alba lucayana Riley 
Tyto perlatus lucayanus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, 1913, p. 153. 
(New Providence, Bahamas.) 


Bahama Islands. 
Tyto alba furcata (Temminck) 


Strix furcata Temminck, PI. col., livr. 73, 1827, pl. 432. (Cuba.) 
Cuba, Isle of Pines, Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac and Jamaica. 


FAMILY TYTONIDAE 81 


Tyto alba bargei (Hartert) 
Strix flammea bargei Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 18. (Cura- 
Gao.) 
Known only from a single locality on the Island of Curacao. 
Tyto alba subandeana L. Kelso 


Tyto alba subandeana L. Kelso, Biol. Leafl., no. 9, 1938 [not paged]. 
(Bogota, Colombia.) 
Tropical zone of Colombia and Ecuador. 


Tyto alba contempta (Hartert) 


Strix flammea contempta Hartert, Nov. Zool., 5, 1898, p. 500. (Cayambe, 
9223 feet, Ecuador.) 


Strix stictica Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 2, 1904, p. 115. 
(Mérida, 1630 met., Venezuela.) 


Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Apparently restricted to the 
temperate zone in the first two countries; no data available on zonal 
distribution in the two latter. 


Tyto alba hellmayri Griscom and Greenway 


Tyto alba hellmayri Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 
81, 1937, p. 421. (Paramaribo, Surinam.) 


The Guianas south to the Amazon Valley; western limits in Brazil not 
known. 


Tyto alba tuidara (J. E. Gray) 


Strict Tuidara J. E. Gray, in Griffith ed. of Cuvier’s Anim. Kingd., 6, 
1829, p. 75. (Brazil.) 


?Strix superciliaris ‘‘Natterer’’ Pelzeln, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 
13, 1863, p. 1126. (Forest at the bridge of the Guaporé, Matto 
Grosso.) Not Strix superciliaris Vieillot, 1817. 

Strix Holmbergiana Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, 
p. 178. (Ité-guaimi, lat. 25°, 47’S., Paraguay.) 

Tyto alba zottae L. Kelso, Biol. Leafl., no. 9, 1938 [not paged]. (Cordillera 
de Rio Chico, Patagonia, t.e. Terr. Santa Cruz, Argentina.) 


Brazil south of the Amazon to Chile (Valdivia) and Argentina (Tierra 
del Fuego). 


Tyto alba glaucops (Kaup) 


Strix glaucops Kaup, in Jardine’s Contr. Orn., 1852, p. 118. (Jamaica, 
error = Hispaniola.) 


Islands of Tortuga and Hispaniola. 


Tyto alba nigrescens (Lawrence) 


Striz flammea var. nigrescens Lawrence, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, 
p. 64. (Dominica, Lesser Antilles.) 
Island of Dominica. 


82 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tyto alba insularis (Pelzeln) 
Strix insularis Pelzeln, Journ. f. Orn., 20, 1872, p. 23. (St. Vincent.)! 
Hybris nigrescens noctividus Barbour, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911, 
p. 57. (St. George’s, Grenada.) 
Southern Lesser Antilles: St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Bequia, Carriacou, 
Union and Grenada. 


Tyto alba punctatissima (G. R. Gray) 


Strix punctatissima G. R. Gray, in Gould’s Zool. Voy. ‘Beagle,’ 3, pt. 3, 
1838, pl. 4; pt. 9, 1839, p. 34. (James Island, Galapagos Archi- 


pelago.) 
Galapagos Archipelago. 


Tyto rosenbergii (Schlegel) 
Strix Rosenbergii Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 181. 
(Monelido, Boni and Gorontalo, Celebes.) 
Celebes. 


Tyto inexspectata (Schlegel) 
Strix inexspectata Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, 1879, p. 50, 51. 
(Minahassa, Celebes.) 


Confined to the northern peninsula of Celebes. 


Tyto novaehollandiae sorocula (P. L. Sclater) 
Strix sorocula P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883, p. 52. 
(Larat, Tenimber Islands.) 
Tenimber Islands.” 


Tyto novaehollandiae cayelii (Hartert) 
Strix cayelit Hartert, Nov. Zool., 7, 1900, p. 228. (Kayeli, Buru.) 
Island of Buru. 


Tyto novaehollandiae manusi Rothschild and Hartert 
Tyto manusi Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914, p. 291. 
(Manus, Admiralty Islands.) 
Confined to the Island of Manus, Admiralty Islands. 


Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Mathews 
Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, 
p. 257, no. 395. (East Kimberley, West Australia.) 


1 Believed by its describer to be St. Vincent in the Cape Verde Islands, an 
error that was perpetuated for many years, but finally shown by Hartert, 
Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1913, p. 37-38 to be St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles. 

? For note on systematic position of this bird see Stresemann, Meded. Zool. 
Mus. Leiden, 17, 1934, p. 17. 


FAMILY TYTONIDAE 83 


Tyto nove-hollandiz mackayt Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 34, no. 392 A. (Mackay, Queensland.) 


Tyto nove-hollandiz melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 35, no. 394 A. (Melville Island, Northern Territory.) 


Tyto galei Mathews, South Austr. Orn., 1, 1914, pt. 2, p. 12. (Northern 
Queensland, type from Pascoe River.) 
Merauke district of southern New Guinea, and the northern parts of 
Australia. 


Tyto novaehollandiae novaehollandiae (Stephens) 


Strix (?) Nove Hollandiz Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, 1826, pt. 
2, p. 61. (New Holland = New South Wales.) 


Tyto nove-hollandiz whitei Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 34, no. 392 B. (Adelaide, South Australia.) 


Tyto nove-hollandiz riordani Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 35, no. 392 C. (Warnambool, Victoria.) 


Tyto longimembris dombraini Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914, p. 91. 
(Victoria.) 

Tyto nove-hollandiz troughtoni Cayley, What Bird is that?, 1931, p. 32, 
pl. 5, f. 4. (Ooldea, South Australia.) 

Southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. 


?Tyto novaehollandiae perplexa Mathews 


Tyto novaehollandiae perplexa Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, 
p. 257, no. 394. (East Beverly, West Australia.) 


South-West Australia. 


Tyto novaehollandiae castanops (Gould) 


Strix castanops Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1836 (1837), p. 140. 
(Tasmania. ) 


Tasmania. 


Tyto aurantia (Salvadori) 
Strix aurantia Salvadori, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, 16, 1881, p. 619. 
(New Britain.) 
New Britain. 


Tyto tenebricosa arfaki (Schlegel) 
Strix tenebricosa Arfaki Schlegel, Notes Leyden Mus., 1, 1879, p. 101. 
(Hattam, Mount Arfak, New Guinea.) 


Megastrix tenebricosa perconfusa Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 408. 
(British New Guinea.) 
All of New Guinea below 2000 metres elevation; Island of Jobi. 


84 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tyto tenebricosa tenebricosa (Gould) 

Strix tenebricosus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845, p. 80. (Brushes 
of the Clarence River, New South Wales.) 

Tyto tenebricosa multipunctata Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 257. 
(Johnston River, Queensland.) 

Tyto tenebricosa magna Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 258. (Vic- 
toria.) 

Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. 


Tyto capensis libratus Peters and Loveridge 


Tyto capensis libratus Peters and Loveridge, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 48, 
1935, p. 77. (Kaimosi, Kakamega district, Nyansa Province, Kenya 
Colony.) 


Kenya Colony, north at least to Sotik. 


Tyto capensis damarensis Roberts 
Tyto Capensis Damarensis Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 212. 
(“Caprivi Corner,” (?) Damaraland.) 
Damaraland; southern Angola. 


Tyto capensis capensis (A. Smith) 

Strix Capensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 317. (South 
Africa, restricted type locality fixed as Cape Town by Grant and 
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 158.) 

Striz cabre Dubois, Syn. Av., 2, 1902, p. 900, note 1. (Region south of 
the cataracts, Lower Congo.) 

Nyasaland, Transvaal, Basutoland, Natal and Cape Province, ranging 

north to the lower Congo and the Kivu district. 


Tyto longimembris longimembris (Jerdon) 
Strix longimembris Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 10, 1839, p. 86. 
(Neilgherries, India.)! 
India from Dehra Dun to eastern Assam; eastern Bengal; Central 
Provinces and hill tracts of southern India; Formosa (?); Indochina (?). 


NOTE. — Knowledge of Tyto longimembris is so fragmentary that not even 
Hartert was able to revise the species satisfactorily; the races recognized here 
are the same as he recognized in his 1929 review (antea) with the addition of 
melli. The following names have been proposed for birds now known to be 
conspecific with longimembris, but whether they represent recognizable sub- 
species, or are to be sunk as synonyms must be determined by some future 
reviser with adequate material. 


Strix pithecops Swinhoe, Ibis, 1866, p. 396. (Interior of Formosa.) 
Strix amauronota Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 20, 1872, p. 316. (Luzon.) 


1 Replaces Strix candida Tickell, 1833, not of Latham, 1787. 


FAMILY TYTONIDAE 85 


Strix oustaleti Hartlaub, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879, p. 295. (Viti 
Levu, Fiji Islands.) 


Tyto longimembris melli Yen 


Tyto longimembris Melli Yen, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. (n.s.), 3, 1933, 
p. 242. (Yao-shan, Kwangtung.) 


Southeastern China in provinces of Kwangsi and Kwangtung. 


Tyto longimembris chinensis Hartert 


Tyto longimembris chinensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 104. 
(Suey Kow, 7.e. Shuikow, Fukien.) 


Tyto longimembris albifrons Caldwell and Caldwell, South China Birds, 
1931, p. 232. (Futsing, Fukien.) 


Southeastern China in Province of Fukien; recorded in winter from 
Kwangtung. 


Tyto longimembris walleri (Diggles) 
Strix walleri Diggles, Orn. Austr., pt. 7, 1866 [ =1, pl. 14]. (Brisbane, 
Queensland.) 


Tyto longimembris georgiae Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 75. 
(Northern Territory; type from Victoria River.) 


Northern and eastern Australia. Birds of the same or closely allied 
forms occur in the Philippines, Celebes, Kalidupa and the Fiji Islands. 


Tyto longimembris papuensis Hartert 


Tyto longimembris papuensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 35, 1929, p. 103. 
(Owgarra, 6000 feet, Angabunga River, New Guinea.) 


Known only from the mountain grasslands of southeastern New Guinea 
viz. the type locality on the Angabunga River and from the mountains 
west of Huon Gulf. 


SuBFAMILY PHODILINAE 
Genus PHODILUS Gerorrroy Saint HIualre ! 


Phodilus Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Ann. Sci. Nat., 21, 1830, p. 199. Type, 
by original designation and monotypy, Strix badia Horsfield. 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 389-392. 
Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1927, p. 121-122. 


Phodilus badius saturatus Robinson 


Phodilus badius saturatus Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 23 April, 
1927, p. 121. (Native Sikkim.) 


Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, northern Burma, northern Siam, Tonkin and 
Cochinchina. 


1 Replaces Photodilus of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


86 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Phodilus badius parvus Chasen 
Phodilus badius parvus Chasen, Treubia, 16, 1937, p. 216. (Billiton 
Island.) 
Confined to Billiton Island. 


Phodilus badius badius (Horsfield) 
Strix badia Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, p. 139. 
(Java.) 
Phodilus badius abbottt Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 14, 1924, 
p. 302. (Province of Wellesley, Federated Malay States.) 
?Phodilus rivere McGregor, Phil. Journ. Sci., 32, April, 1927, p. 518. 
(Loquilocon, Wright, Samar, Philippines.)! 


Eastern and central Burma south through Tenasserim to the Malay 
Peninsula, southern Siam, Sumatra, Nias, Java, Bali, Borneo; Samar (one 
record). 


Phodilus badius assimilis Hume 
Phodilus assimilis Hume, Stray Feath., 5, 1877, p. 138. (Ceylon.) 
Based on Phodilus badius Hume, not of Horsfield, Stray Feath., 1, 
1873, p. 429. 


Ceylon. 


Phodilus badius arixuthus Oberholser 
Phodilus badius arixuthus Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 159, 
1932, p. 40. (Bunguran Island, North Natuna Islands.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Famity STRIGIDAE 


SUBFAMILY BUBONINAE 
Genus OTUS PENNANT? 


Otus Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p.3. Type, by monotypy, Otus bakka- 
moena Pennant. 

Athenoptera ‘Hutton in epist.’”’ Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870, 
p. 392, in text. Type, by monotypy, Ephialtes spilocephalus Blyth. 
Gymnoscops Tristram, Ibis, 1880, p. 458. Type, by monotypy, Gym- 

noscops insularis Tristram. 


1 Named without comparison with any of the other races of Phodilus; it 
is not possible to tell whether P. riverae is a valid race or referable to some other 
form. It could conceivably be the same as arixuthus, in which case it has five 
years priority. 

2 Replaces Scops Savigny, 1810 and includes Psiloscops Coues, Heteroscops 
Sharpe, Gymnoscops Tristram and Gymnasio Bonaparte (part. species no. 1) 
of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 87 


Heteroscops Sharpe, Ibis, 1889, p. 77. Type, by original designation, 
Scops luciae Sharpe. 

Psiloscops Coues, Osprey, 3, 1899, p. 144. Type, by original designation, 
Scops flammeola Kaup. 

Pseudociccaba Kelso, Syn. Am. Wood Owls of Genus Ciccaba, 1932, 
p. 6 (in key), p. 39. Type, by original designation, Ciccaba albogularis 
albogularis (Cassin) = Syrnium albo-gularis Cassin. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 421-438; 7, 

1930, p. 384-387. 

Bannerman, Bds. Trop, W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 18-26. 

Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 412, 1930, p. 1-11. (Review of O. 
senegalensis.) 

Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 84-87. 

Dementiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 48-51. 

Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 973-983; 3, 1922, p. 216. 

Hartert and Steinbacher, Vog. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 5, 
1936, p. 385-388. 

McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 252-260. 

Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 102-108. 

Orn. Soc. Japan, Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 88-89. 

Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 664-668 (sub nom. Pisorhina). 

Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 681-732; 
676-679 (excluding G. lawrencit). 

Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 1925, p. 191-195. 


Otus sagittatus (Cassin) 
Ephialtes sagittatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848, p. 
121. (India ? = Malacca.) 
Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula and Siam. 


Otus rufescens malayensis Hachisuka 
Otus rufescens malayensis Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 52, 
note. (Mt. Ophir, Malacca, Malay Peninsula.) 


Malay States. 


Otus rufescens rufescens (Horsfield) 
Strix rufescens Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 140. (Java.) 
Sumatra, Banka, Java and Borneo. 


Otus rufescens burbidgei Hachisuka 
Otus rufescens burbidgei Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 51. 
(Sulu, 7z.e. Jolo, Philippines.) 
Island of Jolo in the Sulu Archipelago. 


88 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus icterorhynchus icterorhynchus (Shelley) 
Scops icterorhynchus Shelley, Ibis, 1873, p. 138. (Fanti, Gold Coast.) 


Scops spurrelli Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 29, 1912, p. 116. 
(Bibianaha, 60 miles west of Kumasi, Ashanti, Gold Coast.) 


Known only from two specimens from the Gold Coast. 


Otus icterorhynchus holerythrus (Sharpe) 


Scops holerythra Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 3. (Efulen, 
Cameroon.) 


Pisorhina balia Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 40. (Bipindi, 
Cameroon.) 


Forest region of southern Cameroon eastward to the Ituri district. 


Otus spilocephalus huttoni (Hume) 


Ephialtes Huttoni Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870, p. 393. 
(Near Mussoorie, Garhwal and below Simla, 7.e. Jerripani, Mus- 
soorie.) 


Simla States, Garhwal and Kumaon. 


Otus spilocephalus spilocephalus (Blyth) 
Ephialtes spilocephatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 8. 
(Darjeeling.) 
Nepal and Sikkim eastward to Assam and south to eastern Bengal and 
Burma. 


Otus spilocephalus latouchi (Rickett) 


Scops latouchi Rickett, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. 56. (Ah Chung, 
Fukien.) 


Southeastern China in provinces of Fukien and Kwangtung, and 
French Indochina in Tonkin, northern Annam and Laos. 


Otus spilocephalus hambroecki (Swinhoe) 


Ephialtes Hambroecki Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 6, 
1870, p. 153. (Formosa.) 


Mountains on the Island of Formosa. 


Otus spilocephalus siamensis Robinson and Kloss 


Otus luciae siamensis Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Fed. Malay States 
Mus., 10, 1922, p. 261. (Bandon, 3500 feet, Kao Nong, Siam.) 


Mountains of Siam and of southern Annam. 


Otus spilocephalus vulpes (Ogilvie-Grant) 
Heteroscops vulpes Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 11. 
(Gunong Tahan, 5300 feet, Malay Peninsula.) 
Mountains of the Malay States. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 89 


Otus spilocephalus stresemanni (Robinson) 
Athenoptera spilocephalus stresemanni Robinson, Bull. Brit. Orn. ClL., 
47, 1927, p. 126. (Scolah Dras, 3000 feet, Korinchi, Sumatra.) 


Mountains of Sumatra. 


Otus spilocephalus angelinae (Finsch) 
Pisorhina angelinae Finsch, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 156. (Pan- 
gerango Mountain, 6000 feet, Java.) 
Mountains of Java. 


Otus spilocephalus luciae (Sharpe) 
Scops lucie Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 478. (Kina Balu, Borneo.) 
Mountains of Borneo. 


?Otus vandewateri (Robinson and Kloss) 
Pisorhina vandewateri Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Straits Br. Roy. As. 
Soc., no. 73, 1916, p. 275. (Korinchi Peak, 7300 feet, Sumatra.) 


Mountains of Sumatra. 


Otus balli (Hume) 
Ephialtes Balli Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 407. (South Andaman 
Island.) 


Andaman Islands. 


Otus alfredi (Hartert) 
Pisorhina alfredi Hartert, Nov. Zool., 4, 1897, p. 527. (Repok Mts., 
above 3500 feet, Flores.) 
Mountains on the Island of Flores, Lesser Sunda Islands. 


Otus brucei (Hume) 
Ephialtes Brucei Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 8. (Rahuri, Ahmed- 
nagar.) 
Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, Turkestan from south of the Aral Sea 
to eastern Persia, Baluchistan and Gilgit; recorded from Sind and several 
localities in India. 


Otus scops scops (Linné) 
Striz Scops Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted 
type locality, Italy.) 
Pisorhina scops erlangeri Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 101. (Tallah, 
Tunisia.) 
Pisorhina scops graeca Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 102. (Vicinity 
of Lamia, Greece.) 


1 Whether this is a distinct species, or the extreme dark phase of the bird 
later named O. s. stresemannz is still a moot question. 


90 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Pisorhina scops tuneti Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 103. (Environs 

of Tunis, Tunisia.) 

Scops scops tschusit Schiebel, Orn. Jahrb., 21, 1910, p. 102. (Ajaccio, 

Corsica.) 
Otus scops mallorcae von Jordans, Journ. f. Orn., 72, 1924, p. 407. 
(Aleudia, Mallorca.) 

Breeds in the eastern Canary Islands; southern and central Europe 
north to France, western Germany, the Alps, southern Austria and 
Hungary and southwestern Russia; islands in the western Mediterranean; 
northern Africa from Morocco to Tunisia south to the oases of the northern 
Sahara. Winters in northern tropical Africa from Timbuktu to Ethiopia 
and southward to Sennar and Uganda. 


Otus scops cycladum (Tschusi) 
Pisorhina scops cycladum Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 104. (Island 
of Naxos.) 
Otus scops powelli Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, p. 21. 
(Candia district, Crete.) 
Resident on the Cyclades and in Crete. 


Otus scops cyprius (Madardsz) 
Scops cypria Madardsz, Termés. Fiizetek, 24, 1901, p. 272. (Livadia, 
Cyprus.) 
Cyprus; birds from southwestern Asia Minor are nearer to this form 
than to O. s. scops. 


Otus scops turanicus (Loudon) 
Pisorhina scops turanica Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 13, 1905, p. 129. 
(Desert of Kara Kum, Transcaspia.) 
Transcaspia, Bukhara and northern Persia; Armenia (?). 


Otus scops pulchellus (Pallas) 

Stryx pulchella Pallas, Reise versch. Prov. Russ. Reichs, 1, 1801, p. 456. 
(“‘Copiosius in australioribus ad Volgam, Samaram, Iaicum.’’) 

Pisorhina scops zarudnyi Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 139. 
(Sarepta.) 

Pisorhina scops bascanica Johansen, Orn. Jahrb., 18, 1907, p. 202. 
(Baskan, northeastern Turkestan.) 

Scops scops sibirica Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 260. (Krasnoyarsk 
and Minusinsk, upper Jenessei Valley.) 

Scops scops ferghanensis Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 1912, p. 45. (Osh 
district, 5000 feet, northern slopes of the Alai Mountains, Ferghana.) 

Scops scops irtyshensis Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 1912, p. 46. (Tara, 
on the upper Irtysh, western Siberia.) 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 9] 


Breeds in Russia east of long. 35° E. and north to lat. 56° N.; Caucasus; 
southwestern Asia north to the upper Irtysh, east to Krasnoyarsk and 
south to the Kirghiz Steppe, Ferghana, Tarbagatai and the Altai. Win- 
ters in the upper Nile Valleys, probably also in southwestern Asia and in 
northwestern India. 


Otus scops ! stictonotus (Sharpe) 


Scops stictonotus Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 54, pl. 3, 
f2. (China.,) 


Breeds in Manchuria west to the Great Chingan, Amur and Ussuri- 
land, south to northern China and Korea; in winter to southeastern China 
and Formosa.” 


Otus scops japonicus Temminck and Schlegel 


Otus scops japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., 
Aves, 1850, p. 27, pl. 9. (Japan.) 


Japan from Hokkaido and Kiusiu;* resident (?). 


?Otus scops modestus (Walden) 


Scops modestus Walden, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 13, 1874, 
p. 123. (Port Blair, South Andaman Island.) 4 


Assam south of the Brahmaputra eastward across southern Yunnan, 
Kwangsi and Kwangtung to Fukien * (?), south to Tenasserim, Siam and 
French Indochina; Andaman and Nicobar Islands; Hainan (?). Doubt- 
fully distinct from O. s. malayanus. 


Otus scops malayanus (Hay) 


Scops malayanus Hay, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 13, pt. 2, 1847, p. 147. 
(Malacca.) 


Malay Peninsula. 


Otus scops sunia (Hodgson) 
Scops sunia Hodgson, As. Res., 1836, p. 175. (Nepal).® 


1 Some authorities consider the Scops Owls of eastern and southeastern Asia 
as specifically distinct by reason of different wing formula; other things con- 
sidered, this difference hardly seems grounds for specific distinctness. 

2 Hartert and Steinbacher, antea p. 388, include Sakhalin in the range of 
this form; the Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 88-89, does not list any 
form of Otus scops from that island. 

3 Hand-list Jap. Bds., rev. ed., 1932, p. 89, attributes this form to the Kurile 
Islands; Bergman, Zur Kenntnis Nordostasiat. Végel, 1935, does not list it 
from these islands. 

4 Ephialtes nicobaricus Hume is a synonym. 

5 Resident birds from Fukien are smaller and have a small bare area on 
the distal end of the tarsus; they are not referable to either stictonotus or 
japonicus and I provisionally refer them to modestus. 

6 Replaces Scops pennatus Hodgson, 1837, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


92 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Lower Himalayas from Kumaon to Bhutan, south to the Punjab, Central 
Provinces, Bengal and the Brahmaputra River. 


Otus scops rufipennis (Sharpe) 


Scops rufipennis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 60. (Hastern 
Ghats, Madras.) 


Indian Peninsula from the Bombay Presidency on the west and Madras 
on the east, southward. 


Otus scops leggei Ticehurst 


Scops minutus Legge, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), 1, 1878, p. 175. 
(Kotmalie, Ceylon.) Not Scops minuta Brehm, 1831. 


Otus sunia leggei Ticehurst, Ibis, 1923, p. 242. New name for Scops 
minuta Legge, 1878, preoccupied. 


Ceylon. 


Otus scops interpositus Kuroda 


Otus japonicus interpositus Kuroda, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1923, p. 122. 
(Minami-Daitéjima [7.e. South Borodino Island], Borodino Islands.) 


Borodino Islands. 


Otus scops elegans (Cassin) 


Ephialtes elegans Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852, p. 185. 
(At sea off the coast of Japan, lat. 29° 47’ N., long. 126° 13’ 20” E.)! 


Riu Kiu Islands. 


Otus scops botelensis Kuroda 


Otus sunia botelensis Kuroda, Tori, 5, 1928, no. 25, English text, p. 26. 
(Botel Tobago.) 


Island of Botel Tobago [or Kotosho]. 


Otus scops calayensis McGregor 


Otus calayensis McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 18. (Calayan 
Island.) 


Philippine Islands: Calayan. 
Otus scops longicornis (Ogilvie-Grant) 
Scops longicornis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, 1894, p. 51. 
(Mountains of northern Luzon.) 
Philippine Islands: Luzon. 
Otus scops mindorensis (Whitehead) 
Scops mindorensis Whitehead, Ibis, 1899, p. 98. (Highlands of Mindoro.) 
Philippine Islands: Mindoro. 
1 This position is in the East China Sea about 300 miles nearly due east of 


Ningpo, China, and approximately 175 miles in a northwesterly direction from 
the nearest point of the Riu Kiu Islands. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 93 


Otus scops romblonis McGregor 


Otus romblonis McGregor, Bureau Govt. Labs., no. 25, 1905, p. 12. 
(Romblon.) 


Philippine Islands: Banton and Romblon. 


Otus scops cuyensis McGregor 
Otus cuyensis McGregor, Bull. Phil. Mus., no. 4, 1904, p. 17. (Cuyo 
Island.) 


Philippine Islands: Cuyo. 


Otus scops mantananensis (Sharpe) 
Scops mantananensis Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 4. (Man- 
tanani Island.) 
Mantanani Island, off British North Borneo. 


Otus umbra umbra (Richmond) 
Pisorhina umbra Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26, 1903, p. 494. 
(Simalur Island.) 
Simalur Island. 


Otus umbra enganensis Riley 
Otus umbra enganensis Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927, p. 98. 
(Engano Island.) 
Engano Island. 


Otus senegalensis senegalensis (Swainson) 
Scops Capensis A. Smith, 8. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 314, in 
text (South Africa). Not Otus capensis A. Smith, 1834. 

Scops Senegalensts Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 1, 1837, p. 127. (Senegal; 

the type is from Gambia.) 

Northern Tropical West Africa from Senegal and Portuguese Guinea 
westward to Darfur and Kordofan (?), south to the Ivory Coast, Gold 
Coast, Nigeria and the northern border of the Congo rain forest; absent 
from the heavy rain forest area of Sierra Leone and Liberia. 


TOtus senegalensis pygmea (C. L. Brehm) 
Scops pygmea [sic] C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 43. (In winter in 
northern Africa, 7.e. Sennar.) 
Scops kénigseggi Madardsz, Orn. Monatsb., 20, 1912, p. 81. (Shemshir, 
Blue Nile.) 
Southern and eastern portions of the Anglo Egyptian Sudan: Bahr el 
Ghazal, Blue Nile; Tacazzé region of northwestern Ethiopia. Western 
limit of range not known; perhaps not different from O. s. senegalensis. 


Otus senegalensis caecus Friedmann 


Otus senegalensis caecus Friedmann, Auk, 46, 1929, p. 521. (Sadi Malka, 
Ethiopia.) 


94 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ethiopia (except northwestern), Somaliland (absent from the dry coastal 
areas) and Kenya Colony south to the North Guaso Nyiro River. 


Otus senegalensis socotranus (Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes) 


Scops socotranus Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes, Bull. Liverpool Mus., 2, 
1899, p. 2. (Socotra Island.) 


Socotra Island. 


Otus senegalensis pamelae Bates 


Otus senegalensis pamele Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 150. 
(Dailami, Wadi Bisha, Arabia.) 


Recorded only from the type locality and from Najran and Amiri. 


Otus senegalensis ugandae (Neumann) 


Pisorhina ugandae Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 56. (Kwa 
Mtessa, Uganda.) 


Upper Uelle district of the Belgian Congo eastward to the Bahr el 
Jebel and south to Lake Kivu and Ankole. 


Otus senegalensis feae (Salvadori) 


Scops feae Salvadori, Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 53, 1903, p. 95. 
(Island of Annobon.) 


Island of Annobon. 


Otus senegalensis graueri Chapin 


Otus senegalensis grauert Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 412, 1930, p. 4. 
(Lueba, northwest shore of Lake Tanganyika.) 


Coastlands of Kenya Colony, the greater part of Tanganyika Territory 
and the region westward of Lake Tanganyika and Katanga. 


Otus senegalensis hendersonii (Cassin) 


Ephialtes Hendersonit Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852, 
p. 186. (Off Novo Redondo, Angola.) 


Angola and southwestern Congo. 


Otus senegalensis pusillus (Gunning and Roberts) 


Pisorhina capensis pusilla Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 
3, 1911, p. 111. (Namabieda, Boror, Portuguese East Africa.) 


Greater part of Mozambique and probably adjoining portions of Nyasa- 
land and Southern Rhodesia. 


Otus senegalensis intermedius (Gunning and Roberts) 


Pisorhina capensis intermedia Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv. 
Mus., 3, 1911, p. 111. (Pretoria and Hector Spruit, Transvaal.) 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 95 


Pisorhina capensis grisea Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 3, 
1911, p. 111. (Bethulie, Orange Free State.) Not Scops griseus Jerdon. 


Damaraland, Transvaal, southern Mozambique, Orange Free State and 
northern Natal; absent from the dry coastal areas of South West Africa. 


Otus senegalensis latipennis (Kaup) 
Scops latipennis Kaup, Jardine’s Contr. Orn. for 1852, 1853, p. 110. 
(Caffraria.) ? 


Cape Province. 


Otus flammeolus flammeolus (Kaup) 
Scops (Megascops) flammeola ‘Licht.’ Kaup, Jardine’s Contr. Orn. 
for 1852, 1858, p. 111. (Mexico.) 
Southern British Columbia southward through the mountains of the 
western United States and the temperate zone of Mexico. 


Otus flammeolus rarus Griscom 
Otus flammeolus guatemale Griscom, Ibis, 1935, p. 549. (Duefias, Guate- 
mala.) Not Otus guatemalae (Sharpe) 1875. 
Otus flammeolus rarus Griscom, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 391. New name for 
the foregoing. 
Highlands of Guatemala. 


Otus brookii solokensis (Hartert) 
Pisorhina solokensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1893, p. 39. (Solok 
Mountains [t.e. Padang Highlands] Sumatra.) 
Highlands of Sumatra. 


Otus brookii brookii (Sharpe) 
Scops brookii Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1892, p. 4. (Mt. Dulit, 
Sarawak, Borneo.) 
Mountains of Java? and Borneo. 


Otus rutilus pembaensis Pakenham 
Otus pembaensis Pakenham, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 37, 1937, p. 112. 
(Pemba Island.) 
Confined to Pemba Island, off the coast of East Africa. 


Otus rutilus capnodes (Gurney) 
Scops capnodes Gurney, Ibis, 1889, p. 104. (Anjuan Island.) 
Anjuan (or Johanna) Island in the Comoro Group. 


1 Replaces Scops capensis A. Smith, 1834, invalid. 
2 The Javan bird is probably separable; cf. Stresemann, antea, 1925, p. 193; 
Chasen, antea, 1935, p. 87, note 1. 


96 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus rutilus rutilus (Pucheran) 


Scops rutilus Pucheran, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 29, note. 
(Madagascar.) 


Madagascar. 


Otus manadensis sibutuensis (Sharpe) 


Scops sibutuensis Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 3, 1893, p. 9. (Sibutu 
Island, Philippines.) 


Known only from the Island of Sibutu in the southwestern portion of the 
Sulu Archipelago. 


?Otus manadensis steerei Mearns 


Otus steerei Mearns, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 36, 1909, p. 437. (Tumindao 
Island, Philippines.) 


Known only from the Island of Tumindao, close to Sibutu. Very 
doubtfully distinct from O. m. sibutuensis. 


Otus manadensis manadensis (Quoy and Gaimard) 


Scops manadensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 170; Atlas, Ois., pl. 2, f. 2. (Manado, Celebes.) 


Celebes; Great Sangir Island. 


?Otus manadensis siaoénsis (Schlegel) 


Scops siaoénsis Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1873, Noctuae Rev., p. 18. 
(Siao Island.) 


Siao Island, between the Sangir Islands and Celebes; doubtfully dis- 
tinct from O. m. manadensis. 


Otus manadensis sulaensis (Hartert) 


Pisorhina sulaensis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 5, 1898, p. 126. (Island of 
Sula Mangoli.) 


Known only from Sula Mangoli; doubtless occurs on the other islands 
of the Sula Group. 


Otus manadensis kalidupae (Hartert) 


Pisorhina manadensis kalidupae Hartert, Nov. Zool., 10, 1903, p. 21. 
(Kalidupa Island, Tukang Besi Islands.) 


Known only from Kalidupa; may occur on other islands of the Tukang 
Besi Group. 


Otus manadensis morotensis (Sharpe) 


Scops morotensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 75, pl. 7, f. 1. 
(Morotai, Moluccas.) 


Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Ternate 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 97 


Otus manadensis leucospilus (G. R. Gray) 


Ephialtes leucospila G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344. 
(Batjan and Halmahera, Moluccas. Type from Batjan.) 


Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Batjan. 


Otus manadensis bouruensis (Sharpe) 


Scops bouruensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 73, pl. 7, f. 2. 
(Buru.) 


Southern Moluccas: Buru. 


Otus manadensis magicus (S. Miiller) 


Strix magica S. Miiller, Verh. nat. gesch. Nederl., Land-en Volkenk., 
pt. 4, 1841, p. 110, note. (Amboina.) 


Southern Moluccas: Ceram, Amboina. 


Otus manadensis albiventris (Sharpe) 


Scops albiventris Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 78, pl. 8, f. 1. 
(Flores.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Lomblen. 


Otus manadensis tempestatis (Hartert) 


Pisorhina manadensis tempestatis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 11, 1904, p. 190. 
(Wetar Island.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Wetar. 


Otus beccarii (Salvadori) 


Scops beccarii Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875 (1876), 
p. 906. (Misori.) 


Island of Biak (formerly called Misori) in Geelvink Bay. 


Otus silvicola (Wallace) 


Scops silvicola [sic] Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863 (1864), 
p. 487. (Flores.) 


Coastal forests on the islands of Flores and Sumbawa. 


Otus whiteheadi (Ogilvie-Grant) 


Scops whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. 40. 
(Mountains of Lepanto, northern Luzon.) 


Island of Luzon. 


Otus insularis (Tristram)! 
Gymnoscops insularis Tristram, Ibis, 1880, p. 458. (Mahé, Seychelles.) 
Seychelles; known only from Mahé. 
1 This species possesses no characters that entitle it to recognition as the 


monotypic genus Gymnoscops. Stresemann, antea, 1925, p. 195, note, believes 
it to be related to the scops group; in my opinion it is a bakkamoena offshoot. 


98 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus bakkamoena ussuriensis (Buturlin) 
Scops semitorques ussuriensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 119. 
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.) 
Southern and southeastern Manchuria east to Ussuriland and south to 
Korea; Island of Sakhalin. 


Otus bakkamoena semitorques Temminck and Schlegel 
Otus semitorques Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., 
Aves, 1850, p. 24, pl. 8. (Japan.) 
Otus bakkamoena linae Floericke, Mitt. Vogelw., 1921, p. 103. (North- 
ern Japan.) 
Kurile Islands: Kunashiri; Japan: Hokkaido, Hondo, Oshima, Shikoku, 
Tsushima, Kiusiu; Quelpart Island. 


Otus bakkamoena pryeri (Gurney) 
Scops pryert Gurney, Ibis, 1889, p. 302. (Okinawa, Riu Kiu Islands.) 
Otus bakkamoena hatchizionis Momiyama, Dobuts. Zasshi, 35, 1923, 
p. 400. (Hatchizioshima, Seven Islands of Izu.) 
Islands of Hachijo and Okinawa. 


Otus bakkamoena glabripes (Swinhoe) 
Ephialtes glabripes Swinhoe, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 6, 1870, 
p. 152. (South China and Formosa.) 
Southern China from Szechuan (?),! and Anhwei south to Yunnan and 


Tonkin; Island of Formosa. 


Otus bakkamoena umbratilis (Swinhoe) 
Ephialtes umbratilis Swinhoe, Ibis, 1870, p. 342, note. (Hainan.) 


Island of Hainan. 


Otus bakkamoena lettia (Hodgson) 

Scops lettia Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 176. (Nepal.) 

Eastern Himalayas from Nepal to eastern Assam, south to eastern 
Bengal; all of Burma and northern Siam. 


Otus bakkamoena plumipes (Hume) 
Ephialtes Plumipes Hume, Rough Notes, pt. 1, no. 2, 1870, p. 397. 
(Murree, Kotegurh and Garhwal, z.e. Murree.) 
Northwestern Himalayas between 3000 and 7000 feet, from Murree to 


Naini Tal. 


1 Recorded from Szechuan by David and Oustalet but not secured by recent 
collectors; the plate in the ‘‘Atlas’” to David and Oustalet’s Ois. Chine re- 
sembles O. b. lettia as much as it does glabripes. The specimens taken in Hupeh 
by Zappey are certainly not this form; they can hardly be referred to plumipes. 
The bird taken 29 Jan., 1909 might possibly be considered as a winter straggler 
of ussuriensis; the one collected 4 June, 1907 can hardly be separated from 


semitorques. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 99 


Otus bakkamoena deserticolor Ticehurst 


Otus bakkamena deserticolor Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, 
p. 57. (Hyderabad, Sind.) 


Baluchistan and Sind; southeastern Arabia (Masqat) ? 


Otus bakkamoena gangeticus Ticehurst 


Otus bakkamena gangeticus Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, 
p. 122. (Fatehgarh, United Provinces.) 


Rajputana and the United Provinces. 


Otus bakkamoena marathae Ticehurst 


Otus bakkamena marathe Ticehurst, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, p. 122. 
(Raipur, Central Provinces.) 


Central Provinces eastward to Sambalpur and Manbhum in south- 
western Bengal. 


Otus bakkamoena bakkamoena Pennant 
Otus bakkamoena Pennant, Indian Zool., 1769, p, 3, pl. 3. (Ceylon.) 


Scops griseus Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 18, 1844, p. 119. (East- 
ern Ghats.) 


Southern India and Ceylon. 


Otus bakkamoena condorensis Kloss 


Otus bakkamoena condorensis Kloss, Journ. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl., 
8, 1930, p. 81. (Pulo Condor.) 


Known definitely from Pulo Condor, off the mouths of the Mekong; 
Chasen (antea 1935, p. 86) refers birds from Peninsular Siam to this race. 


Otus bakkamoena kangeana Mayr 


Otus bakkamena kangeana Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 14. 
(Kangean Island.) 


Confined to Kangean Island, north of Bali. 


Otus bakkamoena lempiji (Horsfield) 


Sriz [sic] Lempiji Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 18, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 140. (Java.) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Banka, Billiton, Java, Bali, Borneo and 
North Natuna Islands. 


Otus bakkamoena mentawi Chasen and Kloss 


Otus bakkamena mentawi Chasen and Kloss, Ibis, 1926, p. 279. (Sipora 
Island.) 


Islands of Siberut and Sipora; Pagi Islands. 


100 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus bakkamoena fuliginosus (Sharpe) 


Scops fuliginosa Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 197. (Vicinity of Puerto Princesa, 
Palawan.) 


Island of Palawan. 


Otus bakkamoena boholensis McGregor 
Otus boholensis McGregor, Phil. Journ. Sci., 2, sect. A, 1907, p. 323. 
(Sevilla, Bohol.) 
Island of Bohol. 


Otus bakkamoena everetti (Tweeddale) 
Scops everett Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879), p. 942. 
(Zamboanga, Mindanao.) 
Islands of Samar, Mindanao and Basilan. 


Otus asio kennicottii (Elliot) 
Scops Kennicottii Elliot, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1867, p. 99. 
(Sitka, Alaska.) 
Megascops asio saturatus Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 141. (Victoria, 
Vancouver Island.) 


Pacific coast region of northwestern North America from southeastern 
Alaska to western Washington. 


Otus asio brewsteri Ridgway 
Otus asio brewsteri Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, 
p. 685 (in key), p, 700. (Salem, Oregon.) 
Western United States, west of the Cascade Range,from Chelan County, 
Washington, south to Humboldt County, California. 


Otus asio bendirei (Brewster) 
Scops asio bendiret Brewster, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Cl., 7, 1882, p. 31. 
(Nicasio, California.) 
Coast region of California, south of the range of O. a. brewstert, through 
the San Francisco Bay area. 


Otus asio macfarlanei (Brewster) 
Megascops asio macfarlanei Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 140. (Walla 
Walla, Washington.) 
Interior of southern British Columbia south to eastern Oregon, Idaho 
and western Montana. 


Otus asio inyoensis Grinnell 
Otus asio inyoensis Grinnell, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 213. (Independence, Inyo 
County, California.) 
Eastern California from the White Mountains south to Owen’s Valley 
and southeastward to the Panamint Mountains; Nevada; northern Utah. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 101 


Otus asio maxwelliae (Ridgway) 


Scops asio e maxwellix Ridgway, Field and Forest, 2, 1877, p. 213. 
(Mountains of Colorado = Boulder County.) 


Eastern foothills of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains from 
central (or eastern?) Montana and western South Dakota to central 
Colorado. 


Otus asio aikeni (Brewster) 


Megascops asio aikent Brewster, Auk, 8, 1891, p. 139. (El Paso County, 
Colorado.) 


Central Colorado to New Mexico and central Texas, extending into 
northern Mexico in State of Durango. 


Otus asio swenki Oberholser 


Otus asio swenki Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 354. 
(Chadron, 3450 feet, Dawes County, Nebraska.) 


Central southern Manitoba and western Minnesota southward through 
western and central Nebraska and Kansas to central western Oklahoma. 


Otus asio naevius (Gmelin) 
Striz nevia Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 289. (New York.) 


Northeastern Minnesota, Ontario, northern New York, northern New 
England and New Brunswick, south to the highlands of eastern Kansas, 
eastern Oklahoma, northern Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia. 


Otus asio asio (Linné) 


Striz Asio Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (America = South 
Carolina, ex Catesby.) 


Lower Austral zone of the Atlantic seaboard from Virginia to Georgia 
and westward to southern Tennessee, ascending the valleys of the Mis- 
sissippi drainage north to southern Illinois and west to southeastern 
Kansas and eastern Oklahoma. 


Otus asio floridanus (Ridgway) 


Scops asio var. Floridanus Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873, p. 200 
(Indian River, Florida.) 


Florida Peninsula and the Gulf Coast to Louisiana. 


Otus asio hasbroucki Ridgway 


Otus asio hasbroucki Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, 
p. 684 (in key), p. 694. (Palo Pinto County, Texas.) 


Central and northwestern Oklahoma south to Kerr and Travis counties, 
Texas. 


Otus asio mychophilus Oberholser 
Otus asio mychophilus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, 


102 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


p. 356. (South Rim of the Grand Canyon, 6900 feet, Grand Canyon 
Village, Arizona.) 


North central Utah south to northern Arizona. 


Otus asio mccallii (Cassin) 


Scops McCallii Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Cal., Texas etc., pt. 6, 1854, p. 180. 
(Texas and northern Mexico = Lower Rio Grande, Texas.) 


Southern Texas from Kinney, Comal and Refugio counties south to 
central Durango and central Tamaulipas. 


Otus asio cineraceus (Ridgway) 


Megascops asio cineraceus Ridgway, Auk, 12, 1895, p. 390. New name 
for Megascops asio trichopsis Wagl., Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Bads., 
1887, p. 261. (Northwestern Mexico and contiguous border of the 
United States, type from Fort Huachuca, Arizona.) 


Mountains of central and southern Arizona, southern New Mexico and 
central-western Texas. 
Otus asio cardonensis Huey 


Otus asio cardonensis Huey, Auk, 48, 1926, p. 360. (Canyon San Juan 
de Dios, 10 miles east of El Rosario, Lower California.) 


Pacific slope of Lower California from San Quintin south to El Rosario. 


Otus asio gilmani Swarth 


Otus asio gilmani Swarth, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 7, 1910, p. 1. (Black- 
water, Pinal County, Arizona.) 


Cactus deserts of the Colorado River Valley in southeastern California 
and southern Arizona south to northeastern Lower California and extreme 
northern Sonora. 

Otus asio clazus Oberholser 


Otus asio clazus Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 357. 
(San Jacinto Mountains, 5500 feet, California.) 


Confined to the San Jacinto Mountains and San Gabriel Mountains in 
southern California. 
Otus asio quercinus Grinnell 


Otus asio quercinus Grinnell, Auk, 32, 1915, p. 60. (Pasadena, Cali- 
fornia.) 


Southern California west of the desert region and on the western slopes 
of the Sierra Nevada north to Mount Shasta, south into northwestern 
Lower California to about lat. 30° 30’ N. 

Otus asio xantusi (Brewster) 


Megascops xantust Brewster, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 41, 1902, p. 93. 
(Santa Anita, Lower California.) 


Cape district of Lower California. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 103 


Otus asio vinaceus (Brewster) 


Megascops vinaceus Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. (Durasno, Chi- 
huahua.) 


Known from the type, and from two other specimens taken at El Orito 
in extreme northeastern Sinaloa. 


Otus asio sinaloensis Moore 


Otus asio sinaloensis Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 64. 
(Guamuchil, Sinaloa.) 


Deserts of southeastern Sonora and northwestern Sinaloa at elevations 
between sea level and 1450 feet. 


Otus trichopsis aspersus (Brewster) 


Megascops aspersus Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 87. (El Carmen, Chi- 
huahua.) 


Mountains of southeastern Arizona and western Chihuahua; San Luis 
Potosi. 


Otus trichopsis pinosus (Nelson and Palmer) 


Megascops pinosus Nelson and Palmer, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 39. (North- 
east base of the Cofre de Perote, 8000 feet, near Las Vigas, Vera Cruz, 
Mexico.) 


Known only from the unique type; not certainly distinct from 0O. t. 
trichopsis. 


Otus trichopsis trichopsis (Wagler) 
Scops trichopsis Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 276. (Mexico.) 


Highlands of Mexico, probably from Jalisco to the Isthmus of Tehuan- 
tepec; exact range not known. 


Otus trichopsis guerrerensis van Rossem 


Otus trichopsis guerrerensis van Rossem, Condor, 40, 1938, p. 258. (Omil- 
teme, 8000 feet, Guerrero, Mexico.) 


Sierra Madre del Sur, Guerrero. 


Otus trichopsis mesamericanus van Rossem 


Otus trichopsis mesamericanus van Rossem, Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. 
Hist., 7, 1932, p. 184. (Los Esesmiles, 8000 feet, Chalatenango, El 
Salvador.) 


Highlands of Guatemala and El Salvador. 


Otus trichopsis pumilus Moore and Peters 


Otus trichopsis pumilus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 47. (Cerro 
Cantoral, Honduras.) 


Mountains of Honduras. 


104 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus barbarus (Sclater and Salvin) 

Scops barbarus Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, p. 56. 
(Santa Barbara, Vera Paz, Guatemala.) 

Subtropical and humid temperate zones in the highlands of northern 

Guatemala. 
Otus guatemalae tomlini Moore 

Otus guatemalae tomlini Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 65. 
(La Guasimas, Sinaloa.) 

Arid upper tropical and transition zones of the mountains of western 
Mexico in southeastern Sonora, eastern Sinaloa and adjacent parts of 
Durango. 

Otus guatemalae hastatus (Ridgway) 

Megascops hastatus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 10, 1887, p. 268. 
(La Paz, Lower California, error, the type probably is from Mazatlan, 
Sinaloa.) 

Arid tropical zone of western Mexico from southwestern Sinaloa to 

Guerrero. 
Otus guatemalae cassini (Ridgway) 

Scops brasilianus € cassint Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, 
p. 102. (Hacienda Mirador and Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico.) 

Humid temperate zone of the mountains of Vera Cruz. 


Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters 
Otus guatemalae fuscus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 52. (Mot- 
zorongo, Vera Cruz.) 
Humid subtropical zone of central Vera Cruz. 


Otus guatemalae thompsoni Cole 
Otus choliba thompsoni Cole, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 50, 1906, p. 123. 
(Chichen Itza, Yucatan.) 
Arid tropical parts of Yucatan, intergrading with the typical form in 
Campeche. 


Otus guatemalae guatemalae (Sharpe) 
Scops guatemale Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 112, pl. 9. 
(Guatemala. ) 
Megascops marmoratus Nelson, Auk, 14, 1897, p. 49. (Catemaco, 1200 
feet, Vera Cruz.) 
Subtropical zone in the mountains of extreme southeastern Vera Cruz, 
Guatemala and Honduras. 


Otus guatemalae dacrysistactus Moore and Peters 


Otus guatemalae dacrysistactus Moore and Peters, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 53. 
(Jalapa, Nicaragua.) 
Subtropical zone in the mountains of northern Nicaragua. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 105 


Otus guatemalae ! vermiculatus (Ridgway) 
Megascops vermiculatus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 10, 1887, p. 267. 
(Costa Rica.) 
Costa Rica and Panama; birds from western Ecuador may prove refer- 
able to this race. 


Otus guatemalae napensis Chapman 
Otus guatemale napensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, 
p. 3. (Below San José de Sumaco, eastern Ecuador.) 
Eastern Ecuador. 


Otus guatemalae roraimae (Salvin) 
Scops roraime Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 38. (Roraima, 
British Guiana.) 
Lower slopes (below 3500 feet) on Mount Roraima, British Guiana- 
Venezuela border and Mount Duida, Venezuela. 


Otus roboratus Bangs and Noble 
Otus roboratus Bangs and Noble, Auk, 40, 1918, p. 448. (Bellavista, 
Peru.) 
Northwestern Peru. 


Otus cooperi (Ridgway) 
Scops cooperi Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, p. 116. (Santa 
Ana, Costa Rica.) 
Arid upper tropical zone of the Pacific slope of Central America from 
El Salvador to northwestern Costa Rica. The specimens from Oaxaca 
recorded by Salvin and Godman? should be reexamined. 


Otus choliba luctisonus Bangs and Penard 
Otus choliba luctisonus Bangs and Penard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 34, 
1921, p. 89. (Escazi, Costa Rica.) 
Costa Rica, Pacific slope of western Panama to the Canal Zone; Pearl 
Islands; northwestern Colombia. 


Otus choliba margaritae Cory 
Otus choliba margarite Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 
1915, p. 298: (Margarita Island, Venezuela.) 
Arid tropical portions of northern Colombia and northern Venezuela; 
Margarita Island. 


1 Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 63, 1931, p. 64-65, believes that 
vermiculatus is specifically distinct from guatemalae on the basis of the relatively 
shorter tail and tarsus of the latter and because there is a specimen from the 
Paria Peninsula of northeastern Venezuela in the American Museum of the 
size and proportions of guatemalae, indicating that both birds may occur in 
northern South America. 

2 Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, 3, 1897, p. 19. 


106 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus choliba crucigerus (Spix) 
Strix crucigera Spix, Av. Bras., 1, 1824, p. 22, pl. 9. (“Juxta flumen 
Amazonum.’’) 

Forest region from eastern Colombia, Venezuela south of the Orinoco, 
the Guianas, south for an undertermined distance into the region lying 
south of the Amazon, west to northeastern Peru and east to northern 
Maranhao; Island of Trinidad. 


?Otus choliba alticola L. Kelso 
Otus choliba alticola L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 8, 1937, p. [1]. (Bogotd, 
Colombia.) 
Believed to inhabit ‘‘the humid temperate or subtropical zone in the 
mountains” of Colombia. This proposed form requires confirmation. 


Otus choliba duidae Chapman 
Otus choliba duide Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 7. 
(Mount Duida, 5000 feet, Venezuela.) 
Confined to the upper forested slopes of Mount Duida, Venezuela. 


Otus choliba decussatus (Lichtenstein) 
Strix decussata Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, 
p. 59. (Bahia.) 
Central and eastern Brazil, south of the range of O. c. crucigerus, to 
southern Matto Grosso, all of Minas Geraés, and Rio de Janeiro. 


Otus choliba choliba (Vieillot) 
Striz choliba Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 39. (Paraguay.) 


Extreme southern Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo, south through eastern 
Paraguay and northeastern Argentina to Buenos Aires and Uruguay. 


Otus choliba wetmorei Brodkorb 
Otus choliba wetmorei Brodkorb, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, p. 33. 
(Puerto Casado, Paraguayan Chaco.) 
Southeastern Bolivia in departments of Santa Cruz and Tarija, Chaco 
of Paraguay and Argentina; the birds from the Argentine province of 
Tucuman are probably referable here. 


Otus atricapillus (Temminck) 

Strix atricapilla Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 25, 1822, pl. 145. (Brazil.) 

Scops sanctx-catarine Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 37. (South- 
ern Brazil.) } 

Otus choliba maximus Stolamann, Ann. Zool. Mus. Polon. Hist. Nat., 
5, 1926, p. 124. (Vermelho, Parand, Brazil.) 

Otus choliba pintoi L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 8, 1937, p. [1]. (Southern 
Brazil.) 


1 See Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 414. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 107 


Central and southeastern Brazil in states of Goyaz, Sao Paulo, Parand, 
Santa Catharina and Rio Grande do Sul; also recorded from the Argen- 
tine side of the Alto Parana. 


Otus ingens (Salvin) 
Scops ingens Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 37. (Jima, Ecuador.) 
Known only from the unique type. 


Otus watsonii watsonii (Cassin) 

Ephialtes Watsonii Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848, p. 123. 
(South America; Napo region of eastern Ecuador proposed by Chap- 
man, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 246; error = Orinoco 
River, Venezuela, cf. Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 332, 1928, p. 2.) 

Otus vermiculatus hubert L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 53, 1936, p. 448. 
(Bogota, Colombia.) 

Eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, Surinam, northwestern Brazil, 

eastern Ecuador and extreme northeastern Peru. 


Otus watsonii usta ! (Sclater) 
Scops usta Sclater, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 4, 1859, p. 265, pl. 61. 
(Ega on the upper Amazon, 1.e. Teffé on the Solimées, Brazil.) 
Brazil south of the Amazon, from the Jurud to the Tapajéz and south- 
ward to northern Argentina (Tucumén). 


Otus nudipes ? nudipes (Daudin) 
Strix nudipes Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 199. (Puerto Rico.) 
Island of Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles. 


Otus nudipes newtoni (Lawrence) 
Gymnoglauz Newtoni Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 1860, 
p. 259. (St. Croix, Virgin Islands, ez Ibis, 1859, pl. 1.) 
Islands of St. Thomas, St. John and St. Croix, Greater Antilles. 


Otus clarkii Kelso and Kelso 

?Bubo nudipes Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., 1, 1807, p. 53, pl. 22. (Greater 
Antilles.) 

?Striz psilopoda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 46. (New 
name for the foregoing.) 

Otus clarkii L: and E. H. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 5, 1935 [not paged]. 
(Calobre, Panama.) * 

Subtropical zone in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. 


1 This word is a feminine substantive. 

2 This species has been for many years placed in the genus Gymnasio Bona- 
parte 1854, of which it isthe type. It does not however possess any characters 
sufficient to warrant its separation from Otus, and is merely a strongly marked 
insular species of that genus. 

3 The bird which for many years had been known as Otus nudipes (Vieillot) 


108 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Otus albo-gularis albo-gularis (Cassin) 


Syrnium albo-gularis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848 
(1850), p. 124. (South America, restricted to Choachi, 15 miles east 
of Bogota, by Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 254.) 


Humid temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia and northern Ecuador. 


Otus albo-gularis meridensis (Chapman) 


Ciccaba albogularis meridensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 1923 
p. 1. (Escorial, 2300 metres, near Mérida, Venezuela.) 


Andes of Mérida, Venezuela. 


Otus albo-gularis (?) aequatorialis (Chapman) 
Ciccaba xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 31, 1922, p. 4. 
(Ambato, 7.e. east of Los Bafios, Ecuador.) 
Subtropical or humid temperate zone of eastern Ecuador. 


Otus minimus (Carriker) 


Ciccaba minima Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87, 1935, p. 313. 
(Sta. Ana, 2000 feet, Rio Coroico, Dept. La Paz, Bolivia.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Otus leucotis leucotis (Temminck) 
Striz leucotis Temminck, PI. col., livr. 3, 1820, pl. 16. (Senegal.) 
Asio leucotis nigrovertex Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 52, April, 1904, p. 233, 
pl. 19, upper fig. (Gambo and Roba-Shalo, Ethiopia.) 
Africa from Senegal eastward across the southern parts of French West 
Africa to Ethiopia, south to Liberia, Gold Coast, Nigeria, savannas of 
French Equatorial Africa, Uganda and Kenya Colony. 


Otus leucotis margarethae von Jordans and Neubaur 


Otus leucotis Margarethae von Jordans and Neubaur, Falco, 28, 1932, 
p. 9. (Zankab, Bahr el Abiad.) 


Darfur and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 


Otus leucotis granti (Kollibay) 


Scops erlangeri Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1906, p. 660. (South Africa; based 
on nineteen cotypes from various parts of southern Africa.) Not 
Pisorhina scops erlangert Tschusi, 1904. 


Pisorhina leucotis granti Kollibay, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 148. 
(South-West Africa.) New name for Scops erlangeri Ogilvie-Grant, 
preoccupied. 


was renamed by Mr. and Mrs. Kelso on the grounds that neither the text nor 
plate of the original description applied to the species for which it was used. 
In this they are absolutely correct and I myself think that Bubo nudipes 
Vieillot is quite unidentifiable. It naturally follows that Strix psilopoda 
Vieillot, having the same basis, is likewise unidentifiable. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 109 


Southern Africa, north to the lower Congo and Kasai on the west and 
to Tanganyika Territory on the east. 


Otus hartlaubi (Giebel) 


Athene leucopsis Hartlaub, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 1, 1849, p. 496. 
(Sao Thomé.) Not Athene leucopsts Gould, 1838, which is a Ninox. 


Noctua Hartlaubi Giebel, Thes. Orn., 1, 1872, p. 448. New name for 
Athene leucopsis Hartlaub, preoccupied. 


Island of Sio Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea. 


GENUS PYRROGLAUX YaAMASHINA 


Pyrroglauxz Yamashina, Tori, 10, 1938, p.1. Type, by original designa- 
tion and monotypy, Noctua podargina Hartlaub and Finsch. 
cf. Yamashina, loc. cit. 


Pyrroglaux podargina (Hartlaub and Finsch) 


Noctua podargina Hartlaub and Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1872, 
p. 90. (Palau Islands.) 


Palau Islands: Babelthuap and Koror. 


Genus MIMIZUKU HacuisuKka 


Mimizuku Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., pt. 3, 1934, p. 50. Type, by orig- 
inal designation and monotypy, Pseudoptynx gurneyi Tweeddale. 


cf. McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 250-251. (Pseudoptynx 
gurneyt.) 


Mimizuku gurneyi (Tweeddale) 


Pseudoptynx gurneyi Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879), 
p. 940, pl. 58. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.) 


Known only from the islands of Marinduque and Mindanao, Philippine 
Islands. 


Genus JUBULA BatTEs 
Jubula Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 49, 1929, p. 90. Type, by original 
designation, Bubo lettii Biittikofer. 
cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 26-28. 


Jubula lettii (Biittikofer) 
Bubo letti Biittikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 11, 1889, p. 34. (Liberia.) 


Liberia (where not found since its discovery); Ashanti, Cameroon, Rio 
Muni and Belgian Congo: Uelle River and Luebo. 


110 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


GreNus LOPHOSTRIX Lesson 


Lophostrix Lesson, Compl. Oeuvres Buffon, 7, 1836, p. 261. Type, by 
monotypy, Lophostrix griseata Lesson = Strix cristata Daudin. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 732-736. 


Lophostrix cristata stricklandi Sclater and Salvin 
Lophostrix stricklandi Sclater and Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 221. (Vera Paz, 
Guatemala.) 
Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz southward over Central 
America to western Panama; western Colombia. 


Lophostrix cristata wedeli Griscom 
Lophostrix cristata wedeli Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 72, 1932, 
p. 326. (Permé, Darien, Panama.) 
Caribbean slope of eastern Panama. 


Lophostrix cristata cristata (Daudin) 
Striz cristata Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 207. (Guiana.) 
The Guianas; valley of the Amazon from eastern Ecuador to Obidos. 


Genus BUBO Dumérit ! 


Bubo Duméril, Zool. Analytique, 1806, p. 34. Type, by tautonymy, 
Strix bubo Linné. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 412-417; 7, 

1930, p. 382-383. 

Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 34-46. 
Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 347-370 (sep. paged repr., p. 1-24). 
Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 302-305. 
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912-13, p. 959-970. 
La Touche, Handb. Bds. Eastern China, 2, 1932, p. 113-118. 
Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904, p. 177-192. 
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 649-658. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 736-754. 
Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 110-112. 


Bubo virginianus algistus (Oberholser) 
Asio magellanicus algistus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904, 
p. 178 (in key), p. 190. (St. Michael, Alaska.) 
Coast region of western Alaska from Kotzebue Sound to Bristol Bay. 


Bubo virginianus lagophonus (Oberholser) 
Asio magellanicus lagophonus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 185. (Fort Walla Walla, Washington.) 


1 Includes Huhua Hodgson. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 111 


Bubo virginianus leucomelas Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931, 

p. 93. (Gordon Head, Victoria, British Columbia; winter specimen.) 

Interior of Alaska, British Columbia east of the coastal mountains, 
eastern Washington, northeastern Oregon and Idaho. 


Bubo virginianus saturatus Ridgway 
Bubo virginianus saturatus Ridgway, Rep. Geol. Expl. 40th Parallel, 
4, Orn., 1877, p. 572, note. (‘A northern littoral form,” no type local- 
ity specified; Oberholser, 1904, gives Simiahmoo, Washington; Ridg- 
way, 1914, states that the type is from Sitka, Alaska.) 
Asto magellanicus icelus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 1904, 
p. 178 (in key), p. 185. (San Luis Obispo, California.) 
Humid Pacific coast region from Cook Inlet, Alaska, south along the 
coast of California to about lat. 35° N. 


Bubo virginianus pacificus Cassin 
Bubo virginianus var. pacificus Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Calif., Texas, etc., 
pt. 6, 1854, p. 178. (‘“‘The West,” restricted to the ‘‘small southern 
California subspecies” by Stone, Auk, 13, 1896, p. 155.) 

California (except the Great Basin region, the parts of the coastal 
region inhabited by saturatus, and the Colorado Desert area in the south- 
east) north to southern Oregon, east to extreme west-central Nevada, 
south to northwestern Lower California as far as lat. 30° N. 


Bubo virginianus wapacuthu (Gmelin) 

Strix Wapacuthu Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 290. (Woods 

about Hudson Bay.)! 

Bubo subarcticus Hoy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1852 (1853), 

p. 211. (Racine, Wisconsin.) 

Breeds in northern North America from tree limit in the Mackenzie 
Valley eastward to Hudson Bay and south to northern Alberta, Sas- 
katchewan, central Manitoba and northern Ontario. In winter to the 
northern tier of the United States from Idaho to Wisconsin. 


Bubo virginianus occidentalis Stone 
Bubo virginianus occidentalis Stone, Auk, 13, 1896, p. 155. (Mitchell 
County, Iowa. Winter specimen.) 

Central Alberta, southern Saskatchewan and southern Manitoba to 
northeastern California, Nevada, Colorado, Kansas and western Min- 
nesota. 

Bubo virginianus pallescens Stone 


Bubo virginianus pallescens Stone, Am. Nat., 31, 1897, p. 237. (Watson 
Ranch, 18 miles southwest of San Antonio, Texas.) 


1 Based exclusively on the Wapacuthu Owl of Pennant (Arctic Zool., 1, 
p. 231). Pennant’s description is a composite, part applying to Nyctea scan- 
diaca and part to the present form. 


112 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Southeastern California (Colorado Desert), Arizona, New Mexico and 
central Texas, south to extreme northeastern Lower California, Sonora, 
Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila and Nuevo Leon; intergrading with 
B. v. virginianus in southeastern Texas. 


Bubo virginianus heterocnemis (Oberholser) 


Asio magellanicus heterocnemis Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 187. (Lance au Loup, Labrador.) 


Bubo virginianus neochorus Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 27, 1914, 
p. 46. (Fox Island River, Newfoundland.) 


Wooded portions of Ungava and Labrador (north to Fort Chimo and 
Okkak), Newfoundland and Nova Scotia; the birds of eastern New 
Brunswick may prove referable to this form. Casual in winter to Ontario 
and New England. 


Bubo virginianus virginianus (Gmelin) 
Strix virginiana Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 287. (America = 
Virginia.) 

Southern Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick, south to the Gulf coast 
and Florida, west to eastern Minnesota, southeastern South Dakota, 
eastern Kansas, Oklahoma and eastern Texas, intergrading with pallescens 
in southeastern Texas. 


Bubo virginianus elachistus Brewster 


Bubo virginianus elachistus Brewster, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 41, 1902, 
p. 96. (Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California.) 


Lower California south of lat. 30° N.; Espirito Santo Island. 


Bubo virginianus mayensis Nelson 


Bubo virginianus mayensis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, 1901, 
p. 170. (Chichen Itza, Yucatan.) 


Asio magellanicus melancerus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 180. (Tehuantepec City, Oaxaca.) 


Asio magellanicus mesembrinus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 27, 
1904, p. 178 (in key), p. 179. (San José, Costa Rica.) 


Mexico from Jalisco, Guanajuato, San Luis Potosf and southern 
Tamaulipas southward over Central America to western Panama.* 


Bubo virginianus elutus Todd 


Bubo virginianus elutus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 30, 1917, p. 6. 
(Lorica, Bolfvar, Colombia.) 


Known only from the type locality in eastern Colombia. 


1 For a brief review of Middle American Great Horned Owls cf. Griscom, 
Ibis, 1935, p. 546-547. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 1138 


Bubo virginianus nigrescens Berlepsch 
Bubo nigrescens Berlepsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1884, p. 309. 
(Cechce, 10,000 feet, western Ecuador.) 


Upper arid temperate and paramo zones of Ecuador. 


Bubo virginianus scotinus Oberholser 


Bubo virginianus scotinus Oberholser, Mus. Brooklyn Inst. Arts Sci., 
Sci. Bull., 1, 1908, p. 371. (Caicara, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela.) 


Known only from the type locality in the Orinoco valley of Venezuela. 


Bubo virginianus deserti Reiser 


Bubo magellanicus deserti Reiser, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.- 
Naturwiss. K1., 52, 1905, no. 18, p. 324. (Salitres near Joazeiro, Bahia, 
Brazil.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Bubo virginianus nacurutu (Vieillot) 


Strix nacurutu Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 44. (‘“Magel- 
lanic lands,’’ ex “hibou des terres magellaniques” of Buffon, pl. 385 
[erroneously cited by Vieillot as 383].) ? 


South America from Peru, northwestern Brazil (Rio Branco), Matto 
Grosso, SAo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro to the Straits of Magellan. 


Bubo bubo bubo (Linné) 


Strix Bubo Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted 
type locality, Sweden.) 

Bubo bubo norwegicus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 58, 1910, p. 412. 
(Norway.) 

Bubo bubo hungaricus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 58, 1910, p. 412. 
(Hungary.) 

Bubo bubo engadinensis Burg, Weidmann, 1921, no. 9, p. 6. (Engadine, 
Switzerland.) 

Scandinavia and the forested parts of northern Russia south to the 

Pyrenees, Italy, Greece and northern Ukrainia, eastward to Moscow. 


Bubo bubo hispanus Rothschild and Hartert 
Bubo bubo hispanus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 110. 
(Aguilas, Spain.) 
Iberian Peninsula. 


Bubo bubo interpositus Rothschild and Hartert 


Bubo bubo interpositus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, 
p. 111. (Eregli, Asia Minor.) 


1 Replaces Bubo magellanicus Gmelin of Sharpe’s Hand-list and authors, 
not applicable. 


114 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Bubo bubo aharonii Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 112. 
(Wadi Suenit, Jordan Valley, Palestine.) 


Bubo bubo armeniacus Nesterov, Annuaire Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. 
St. Pétersb., 16, 1911, p. 378, note. (Armenia.) 


Bubo bubo tauricus Buturlin, Opredelitel ptits S.S.S.R., 1928, p. 114. 
(Kara-Aktatchi, Crimea.) 


Bubo bubo nativus Gavrilenko, Sbirnik Poltawsk Muz., 1, 1928, p. 279. 
(Mirgorod, Poltava, Ukrainia.) 


Bubo bubo transcaucasicus Tschchikwischwili, Bull. Mus. Géorgie, 5, 
1930, p. 97. (Transcaucasia.) 


Steppe regions of Ukrainia south of the portion occupied by B. b. bubo; 
Crimea, Caucasus, Asia Minor and Syria. 


Bubo bubo ruthenus Buturlin and Zhitkov 


Bubo bubo ruthenus Buturlin and Zhitkov, Mém. Soc. Imp. Géogr. Russ., 
41, 1906, p. 271. (Simbirsk, Russia.) 


Southeastern Russia from the valley of the Volga in Nizhni Novgorod 
eastward to about long. 52° E. in Perm and south to Voronezh and the 
mouths of the Volga. 


Bubo bubo baschkiricus Sushkin 
Bubo bubo baschkiricus Sushkin, Alauda (2), 4, 1932, p. 395. (Ufa.) 


Bachkirie Steppes east of long. 52° E. in governments of Samara and 
Ufa. 


Bubo bubo sibiricus (Gloger) 
Strix sibirica ‘‘Licht.’’ Gloger, Das Abandern der Végel, 1833, p. 142. 
(Ural Mountains.) 
Western foothills of the Urals eastward across west-central Siberia to 


Tomsk and the western Altai, extending northward to the limits of the 
forest. 


Bubo bubo yenisseensis Buturlin 
Bubo bubo yenisseensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 26. (Kras- 
noyarsk, middle Yenessei River, Siberia.) In Russian. 


Forest region of central Siberia from the valley of the Yenessei south- 
ward through the Altai to Tarbagatai and Saur, eastward to the region 
west of Lake Baikal. 


Bubo bubo dauricus Stegmann 


Bubo bubo dauricus ‘“Sushk.’’ Stegmann, Annuaire Mus. Zool. Acad. 
Sci. U.R.S.S., 1929, p. 178. (Soktui and vicinity of Aga, Trans- 
baikalia.) 


Daurian Steppes and northern Mongolia. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 115 


Bubo bubo jakutensis Buturlin 


Bubo jakutensis Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 287 and note. 
(Yakutsk subprovince.) 


Region of the upper and middle Lena River from about lat. 64° N. 
southward to Olekminsk, possibly extending eastward to the Sea of 
Okhotsk. 


Bubo bubo ussuriensis Poljakov 


Bubo bubo doerriesi ‘“Seebohm” Buturlin, Nascha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 78. 
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.) Not Bubo doerriesi Seebohm, 1895. 


Bubo bubo ussuriensis Poljakov, Orn. Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 44. (Nikolsk- 
Ussuriski, Ussuriland.) 


Region of the lower Amur and Ussuriland. 


Bubo bubo inexpectatus Bangs 


Bubo bubo inexpectatus Bangs (er Sushkin MS.) in La Touche’s Handb. 
Bds. East. China, 2, pt. 2, Jan., 1932, p. 118. (Chiu Lung Shan, 
Chihli.) 

Bubo bubo inexpectatus Démentiev (ex Sushkin MS.), Alauda (2), 4, 
Oct.—Dec., 1932 (30 Jan., 1933), p. 394. (Manchuria.) 


Manchuria and northern China in provinces of Shansi and Chihli. 


Bubo bubo tenuipes Clark 
Bubo tenuipes Clark, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, p: 470. (Fusan, 
Korea.) 
Bubo bubo yamashinai Momiyama, Dobuts. Zasshi, 42, 1930, p. 329. 
(Obihiro, Tokachi, Hokkaido.) 
Resident in Korea, recorded from the southern Kurile Islands and from 
Hokkaido, Kiusiu (Goto Islands) and Amami-Oshima. 


Bubo bubo borissowi Hesse 
Bubo bubo borissowi Hesse, Journ. f. Orn., 63, 1915, p. 366. (Sakhalin.) 
Sakhalin. 


Bubo bubo turcomanus (Eversmann) 
Striz turcomana Eversmann, Addenda Pallas Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat., 
fasc. 1, 1835, p. 3 (Ust Urt.) 
Bubo bubo eversmanni Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 361. (Tur- 
angly, Aral Sea, «, and Inderski Mountains, ¢.) 4 
Region of the lower Ural River eastward to a point somewhere north- 
ward of the Aral Sea, south to about lat. 40° N. 


1 Meinertzhagen, Ibis, 1927, p. 604-606, gives an account of the color varia- 
tions found among the specimens of Bubo bubo from central Asia, and on the 
basis of specimens examined in the Rothschild Collection and the British 
Museum concludes that B. b. turcomanus is the name to be applied to the birds 


116 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Bubo bubo zaissanensis Chachlov 


Bubo bubo zaissanensis Chachlov, Orn., Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 224. (Zaissan 
Kul.) in Russian. 


Bubo bubo tarimensis Buturlin, Opredelitel ptits S.S.S.R., 1928, p. 114. 
(Lob nor, Tarim Basin, Chinese Turkestan.) 

Bubo bubo auspicabilis Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 364. (Vicinity 
of Pichpeck, o, and Bass-beltek, ¢, Alexandrovski Mountains.) 
Bubo bubo omissus Démentiev, Alauda (2), 4, 1932, p. 392. (Ashkabad, 

Transcaspia. ) 


Bubo bubo paradoxus Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polonici, 1, 
1933, p. 79. (Pul-i-chatum, Hari-rud, Transcaspia.) ! 
Southern Transcaspia, Turkestan (east of the Aral Sea), Lake Zaissan, 
the southern Altai and Dzungaria, south to northeastern Persia, the Pamirs 
and Chinese Turkestan. 


Bubo bubo nikolskii Zarudny 


Bubo bubo nikolskii Zarudny, Orn. Jahrb., 16, 1905, p. 142. (Jebel- 
Tniie Mts., Arabistan, Persia.) 


Persia in provinces of Luristan and Arabistan; birds from Iraq should 
probably be referred here. 


Bubo bubo tibetanus Bianchi 


Bubo bubo tibetanus Bianchi, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 69. (Upper 
Yangtse River in southeastern Tibet.) 


Central and eastern Tibet, southward to the Himalayas and eastward 
into western Kansu. 


Bubo bubo kiautschensis Reichenow 


Bubo kiautschensis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 85. (Kiao- 
chow, Shantung, China.) 


Bubo bubo setschuanus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 11, 1903, p. 86. 
(Szechuan. ) 


Central and eastern China in provinces of Szechuan, Hupeh, Anhwei, 
Shantung and Kiangsu. 


not only of Transcaspia but to those from Turkestan, Ladak, Tibet and 
China east to Shansi and the lower Yangtse. My own personal feeling is that 
naming of subspecies in Bubco bubo has been greatly overdone, especially in 
view of the large amount of individual variation and the comparatively small 
series available from given localities. However insufficiency of material pre- 
cludes the formation of first-hand opinion on the validity or non-validity of 
any particular race, and I have therefore followed the most recent views, but 
with the feeling that the last word has not been said. 

1 Described from a single specimen; the type locality is 80 kilometres south 
of Serako, on the Hari River in Transcaspia, close to the Persian-Afghanistan 
boundary. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE nL 


?Bubo bubo jarlandi La Touche 
Bubo bubo jarlandi La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1921, p. 14. 
(Mountains near Mengtz, Yunnan.) 
Southeastern Yunnan.! 


Bubo bubo swinhoei Hartert 
Bubo bubo swinhoei Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 966. (Kiu- 
kiang, Kiangsi, China.) 
Southeastern China in provinces of Kiangsi, Chekiang, Fukien and 
Kwangtung. 


?Bubo bubo hemachalana Hume 


B[ubo] Hemachalana A. O. H. [ = Hume], Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 315. 
(Kulu, 12,000 feet, India.) 


Range not known; validity uncertain.” 


Bubo bubo bengalensis (Franklin) 


Otus Bengalensis Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1830-31 
(1831), p. 115. (The Ganges between Calcutta and Benares and in the 
Vindhyan Hills between the latter place and Gurra Mundela.) 


India from Kashmir through the lower Himalayas to Assam, south to 
Sind, the Nilgiris, the region south of Madras, and Arrakan. 


Bubo bubo ascalaphus Savigny 
Bubo Ascalaphus Savigny, Descr. Egypte, 1, pt. 1, 1809, p. 110, Ois., 
pl.3,f.2. (Upper Egypt.) 
Bubo ascalaphus barbarus Erlanger, Orn. Monatsb., 5, 1897, p. 192. 
(Oued Kasserine, central Tunisia.) 


Semi-desert regions of northern Africa from Morocco to Egypt; Sinai, 
southern Palestine and the Syrian Desert. 


Bubo bubo desertorum Erlanger 


Bubo ascalaphus desertorum Erlanger, Orn. Monatsb., 5, 1897, p. 192. 
(Sidi Al bin Aoun, southern Tunisia.) 


Desert regions of northern Africa (south of the range of B. b. ascala- 
phus) from Tunisia to the Nile and south to Timbuktu, the Air Massif 
and the Sudan; central Arabian desert.’ 


1 Known only from the unique type, a 9 with traces of the downy juvenile 
feathers on the head; the so-called subspecific differences may well be due to 
the freshness of the plumage or to the bird being an individual variant of kiaut- 
schensis. The specimen from Momien [now Tenghuey] in western Yunnan is 
probably not referable here. 

2 In the absence of the type specimen and with only a very meagre diagnosis 
to fall back on, it seems very doubtful whether Hume’s name can be used for 
any race of Bubo bubo; it may be an earlier name for auspicabilis or tibetanus, 
or it might apply to an endemic race in extreme northwestern India. 

3 The ranges of ascalaphus and desertorum appear to inosculate, the distribu- 


118 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Bubo capensis dillonii des Murs and Prévost 
Bubo Dillonit des Murs and Prévost, Rev. Zool., 1846, p. 242. (Abys- 
sinia; Ouodgerate, northeastern Ethiopia, fixed as restricted type 
locality by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, 
p. 158.) 


Ethiopia from Senafe to Shoa and probably to the Djamdjam country. 


Bubo capensis mackinderi Sharpe 


Bubo mackinderi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1899, p. 28. (Mount 
Kenya, 13,000 feet.) 


Mountains of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory south to Iringa. 


Bubo capensis capensis A. Smith 
Bubo Capensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 317. (Near 
Cape Town, South Africa.) 
Cape Province and Natal. 


Bubo africanus cinerascens Guérin-Méneville 
Bubo cinerascens Guérin-Méneville, Rev. Zool., 1848, p. 321. (Abys- 
sinia; Adowa, Ethiopia fixed as restricted type locality by Grant and 
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 158.) 
Africa from French Guinea eastward across the Upper Guinean savanna 
region and through the Sudan to Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somaliland, 
southward to Gaboon, northern Uganda and northern Kenya Colony. 


Bubo africanus africanus (Temminck) 
Strix africana Temminck, PI. col., livr. 9, 1821, pl. 50. (Cape of Good 
Hope.) ! 
Asio maculosus amerimnus Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905, 
p. 856. (Durban, Natal.) 
Bubo ascalaphus trothae Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 10. 
(Keetmanshoop, South West African Protectorate.) 
East Africa from Uganda and Kenya Colony (intergrading with the 
preceding race in these two dependencies) southward; north to the southern 
Belgian Congo and Angola. 


Bubo africanus milesi Sharpe 
Bubo milesi Sharpe, Ibis, 1886, p. 163, pl. 6. (Muscat [7.e. Masqat], 
Arabia.) 
Southern Arabia. 


tion of the two forms being very closely linked with environment; the former 
is a bird of the semi-desert areas, the latter one of the absolute desert; both 
forms have been taken at the same places in Egypt 7.e. the Faiyum and Great 
Pyramid; a specimen referable to desertorum has also been recorded from south- 
ern Palestine. 

1 Replaces Strix maculosa Vieillot, of Sharpe’s Hand-list, not identifiable; 
for details see Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 62, 1914, p. 37-38. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 119 


Bubo poensis poensis Fraser 


Bubo Poensis Fraser, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1853, p. 13. (Fer- 
nando Po.) 


Gold Coast and southern Nigeria eastward to the Ubangi River and to 
the Ituri district of the Belgian Congo, southward through Cameroon to 
Landana; Island of Fernando Po. 


Bubo poensis vosseleri Reichenow 
Bubo vosseleri Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 1389. (Amani, 
Tanganyika Territory.) 
Known only from the Usambara Mountains in Tanganyika Territory. 


Bubo nipalensis nipalensis Hodgson 
Bubo nipalensis Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 172. (Nepal.) 


The Himalayas from Kumaon eastward to Assam, south over the Indian 
Peninsula and to central Burma; recorded from Laos and upper Annam. 


Bubo nipalensis blighi Legge 
Bubo blight Legge, Bds. Ceylon, pt. 1, 1878, p. 133. (Ceylon.) 
Ceylon. 


Bubo sumatrana sumatrana (Raffles) 
Strix Sumatrana Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, 
p. 279. (Sumatra.) 


Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra; 
Banka. 


Bubo sumatrana strepitans (Temminck) 
Strix orientalis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 18, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 140. (Java.) Not Strix orientalis Shaw, 1809. 
Strix strepitans Temminck, PI. col., livr. 30, 1823, pl. 174. (Batavia, 
Java.) 
Java, Bali and Borneo. 


Bubo shelleyi (Sharpe and Ussher) 


Huhua shelleyi Sharpe and Ussher, Ibis, 1872, p. 182. ene Gold 
Coast.) 


Recorded only from Liberia, Gold Coast and southern Cameroon; four 
specimens known. 


1 Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1932, p. 235, 
have shown that Ceylon specimens are smaller than those from northern and 
central India, but due to lack of material, are unable to decide whether birds 
from Travancore should be referred to the typical form, or to the Ceylon race. 
Should the latter prove to be the case the name Huhua pectoralis Jerdon, 
Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 10, 1840, p. 89, pl. 1 (Malabar) would have to re- 
place H. n. blight Legge; otherwise pectoralis would fall as a synonym of 
nipalensis. 


120 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Bubo lacteus (Temminck.) 

Strix lactea Temminck, PI. col., livr. 1, 1820, pl. 4. (Senegal.) 

Greater part of Africa south of the Sahara from Senegal to Ethiopia, 
Bogosland and Somaliland, south to Cape Province; absent from the 
equatorial forest areas. 


Bubo coromandus coromandus (Latham) 
Strix coromanda Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 53. (Coromandel 
Coast.) 
India from Sind and the Punjab east to western Bengal and south over 
the northern half of the Indian Peninsula at least to Khandesh and 
Raipur, possibly to Mysore. 


Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson 
Bubo coromandus klossii Robinson, Journ. Fed. Malay States Mus., 
4, 1911, p. 246. (Gunong Semanggol, Perak, Malay States.) 
Arakan, Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula; Siam (?); records from 
Burma probably pertain to this race. 


Bubo leucostictus Hartlaub 
Bubo leucostictus ‘‘Temm.”’ Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 354. 
(Dabocrom, Gold Coast.) 
Distribution not thoroughly known, but recorded from Sierra Leone, 
Liberia, Gold Coast, Dahomey, Cameroon, Gaboon and Landana; in the 
Belgian Congo eastward to Medje and southward to Lukolela. 


Grenus PSEUDOPTYNX Kauvp 


Pseudoptynx Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, Bd. 1, p. 110. Type, by 
monotypy, Pseudoptynx philippensis Kaup.} 


cf. Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., 2, 1934, p. 48-50. 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 249-252 (excl. gurneyt). 


Pseudoptynx philippensis philippensis Kaup 
Scops Philippensis G. R. Gray, List Spec. Bds. Brit. Mus., 1844, 
Accipitres, p. 45. Nomen nudum. 
Syrnium philippense G. R. Gray, List Spec. Bds. Brit. Mus., 1848, 
Accipitres, ed. 2, p. 105. Nomen nudum; Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 
1850, p. 52. Nomen nudum? 


1 The generic name first appeared in Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 770; no diag- 
nosis was appended and the name of the single included species was a nomen 
nudum, hence the generic name at its first introduction did not have nomen- 
clatural standing. 

2 I do not construe Bonaparte’s parenthetical “‘minime Bubo!’ as a descrip- 
tion. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 121 


Pseudoptynz philippensis Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, pt. 1, p. 110. 
(Philippine Islands.) First description. 


Philippine Islands: Luzon, Cebu. 


Pseudoptynx philippensis mindanensis Ogilvie-Grant 


Pseudoptynx mindanensis Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, 
p. 99. (Davao, Mindanao.) 


Philippine Islands: Mindanao. 


Genus KETUPA Lesson 


Ketupa Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 114. Type, by tautonymy, 
Ketupa javanensis Lesson = Strix ketupu Horsfield. 

Strigonax W. Miller, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p, 515. Type, 
by original designation, Bubo blakistont Seebohm. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 405-412; 7, 

1930, p. 380-381. 

Delacour and Jabouille, Ois. Indochine Frang., 2, 1931, p. 120-123. 
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossic., 1, 1935, p. 48. 
Hartert, V6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 970-973. 
Meise, Orn. Monatsb., 41, 1933, p. 169-173. 


Ketupa blakistoni piscivorus (Meise) 


Bubo blakistoni piscivorus Meise, Orn. Monatsb., 41, 1933, p. 169. 
(Jakschi, west of the Great Khingan, on the East Siberian Railroad, 
75 km. northwest of the Khingan siding.) 


Known definitely only from the type locality in western Manchuria. 


Ketupa blakistoni doerriesi (Seebohm) 


Bubo doerriesi Seebohm, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. 4. (Sidemi on 
the lower Ussuri.) 


Confined to the region of the lower Ussuri River south to Vladivostock. 


Ketupa blakistoni karafutonis (Kuroda) 


Bubo blakistoni karafutonis Kuroda, Tori, 7, 1931, p. 41, Japanese text, 
p. 42, English text. (Island of Sakhalin.) 


Sakhalin, south of the Tym River. 


Ketupa blakistoni blakistoni (Seebohm) 
Bubo blakistont Seebohm, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883 (1884), p. 466. 
(Hokkaido, Japan; type from Hakodate, fide Hartert.) 


Resident on the Island of Kunashiri in the southern Kuriles and on 
Hokkaido. 


1 [ quite agree with Meise that Bubo blakistoni belongs not with the “‘Eagle 
Owls” but with the “Fish Owls”; I cannot however follow him in uniting 
Ketupa with Bubo. 


122 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ketupa zeylonensis semenowi Zarudny 


Ketupa semenowi Zarudny, Orn. Jahrb., 16, 1905, p. 141. (Eastern 
slopes of the Zagros Mountains, Persian Arabistan; @ cotype from 
Schuster, 2 cotype from Tscheschme-Rogan.) 


Locally distributed from Palestine, southwestern Asia Minor, Iraq 
and adjacent parts of Persia to Sind and the North-west Frontier Province. 
Perhaps not separable from K. z. leschenault. 


Ketupa zeylonensis leschenault (Temminck) 

Strix leschenault Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 4, 1820, pl. 20. (Eastern 
provinces of India = Chandranagore by designation of Stuart Baker, 
antea, 1927, p. 409.) 

All of India south of the Himalayas, Assam, Burma (except northeast- 

ern) and Siam. 


Ketupa zeylonensis zeylonensis (Gmelin) 
Striz zeylonensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 287. (Ceylon.) 
Ceylon. 


Ketupa zeylonensis orientalis Delacour 
Ketupa ceylonensis [sic] orientalis Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 
1926, p. 11. (Dakto, Annam.) 

Northeastern Burma; all of French Indochina; southeastern China in 
provinces of Kwangtung and Kwangsi; Island of Hainan; the specimen 
recorded by LaTouche from southeastern Yunnan is probably referable 
to this race. 


Ketupa flavipes (Hodgson) 
Cultrunguis Flavipes Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 364, 
pl. 26. (Nepal.) 


The Himalayas from Kashmir to western China south to Assam and 
northern Burma; lower Yangtse Valley; Formosa; Tonkin; Cochin- 
china. 


Ketupa ketupu ketupu (Horsfield) 
Strix Ketupu Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 138, pt. 1, 1821, p. 141. 
(Java.) 
Malay States, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Billiton, Banka, Java, Bali 
and Borneo (except that portion occupied by B. k. pagel). 


Ketupa ketupu aagaardi (Neumann) 
Bubo ketupu aagaardi Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1935, p. 138. 
(Bang Nara, Peninsular Siam.) 
Southern Assam and Burma, southward and eastward to Peninsular 
Siam and Annam. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 123 


Ketupa ketupu pageli (Neumann) 

Bubo ketupu pageli Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 55, 1936, p. 138. 
(Marudo Bay, Bengkoka River, eastern coast of British North 
Borneo.) 

Apparently confined to northeastern Borneo; doubtfully distinct from 

K.k. ketupu. 
Ketupa ketupu minor Biittikofer 

Ketupa minor Biittikofer, Notes Leyden Mus., 18, 1896, p. 165. (Nias 
Island.) 


Bubo ketupu biittikoferi Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 84. 
New name for K. minor Biittikofer, not available if Ketupa is merged 
with Bubo by reason of Bubo minor Schlegel, 1862. 


Confined to Nias Island. 


Genus SCOTOPELIA Bonaparte 


Scotopelia Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. Type, by monotypy, 
Strix peli Temm. 7.e. Bonaparte. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 46-51. 
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 

158-159. 
Scotopelia peli (Bonaparte) 

Striz peli “‘Temm.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. (Ashanti.) 

Scotopelia oustaleti Rochebrune, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 7, 1883, 
p. 165. (Senegambia.) 

Scotopelia peli fischeri Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 172, 173. 
(Kau, Kenya Colony.) 

Scotopelia peli salvago-raggiit Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 172, 
173. (Middle Tacazze River, northwestern Ethiopia.) 

Tropical Africa from Senegal eastward across the Ubangi-Shari and the 
gallery forests of the Belgian Congo to the Tacazze River in northwestern 
Ethiopia, south to the Cuanza and Zambesi Rivers, more rarely to Natal 
and eastern Cape Province. 

Scotopelia ussheri Sharpe 

Scotopelia usshert Sharpe, Ibis, 1871, p. 101, pl. 12. (Fanti, Gold Coast.) 

Known only from Sierra Leone, Gallilee Mountain in Liberia and Fanti, 
Gold Coast. 

Scotopelia bouvieri Sharpe 
Scotopelia bouvieri Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260. (Lopé, Ogowe River, 
Gaboon.) 
Confined chiefly to southern Cameroon, Gaboon, Loango Coast and 


Landana; recorded from Liberia and from the northern and southern 
borders of the Congo forest. 


124 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Genus PULSATRIX Kaup 


Pulsatrix Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 771. Type, by monotypy and 
tautonymy, Strix torquata Daudin = Strix perspicillata Latham. 


cf. Kelso Auk, 51, 1934, p. 234-236. 
Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 19, 1935, p. 110-113. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 754-759. 


SusBGENus PULSATRIX Kavup 


Pulsatrix perspicillata saturata Ridgway 


Pulsatrix perspicillata saturata Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 
pt. 6, 1914, p. 758. (Santo Domingo, Oaxaca, Mexico.) 


Pulsatrix perspicillata austini L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 10, 1938, p. 3. 
(Pigres, Costa Rica.) 


Southern Mexico from Vera Cruz and Oaxaca south over Central 
America to northern Costa Rica on the Caribbean slope and to western 
Panama on the Pacific. 


Pulsatrix perspicillata chapmani Griscom 


Pulsatrix perspicillata chapmani Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 72, 
1932, p. 325. (Permé, Caribbean slope of Darien, eastern Panama.) 
Pulsatrix perspicillata ecuadoreana L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 10, 1938, 
p. 6. (Guayaquil, Ecuador.) 
Eastern Costa Rica and all Panama (except the Pacific slope of western 
Panama), southward over western Colombia to western Ecuador. 


Pulsatrix perspicillata perspicillata (Latham) 
Strix perspicillata Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 58. (Cayenne.) 


Northern Colombia (tropical zone of the Santa Marta region), Vene- 
zuela and the Guianas, south to eastern Peru, Matto Grosso, and the 
lower stretches of the southern tributaries of the Amazon (Boim on the 
Tapaj6z, Cameta on the Tocantins), east to Maranhao. 


Pulsatrix perspicillata trinitatis Bangs and Penard 


Pulsatrix perspicillata trinitatis Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zo6l., 62, 1918, p. 51. (Trinidad.) 


Island of Trinidad. 


Pulsatrix perspicillata pulsatrix (Wied) 
Striz pulsatrix Wied, Reise Bras., 1, 1820, p. 366. (Rio Grande do Bel- 
monte [z.e. Villa Belmonte] Bahia.) 


Eastern Brazil from Goyaz and Bahia south to Rio Grande do Sul; 
Paraguay. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 125 


Pulsatrix perspicillata boliviana L. Kelso 
Pulsatrix perspicillata boliviana L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 2, 1933, 
p. [1]. (Carapari, 1000 metres, Bolivia.) 
Southern Bolivia and northern Argentina. 


SusBGENusS NOVIPULSATRIX L. KEtso 


Novipulsatrixz L. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 1, 1933, p. [1]. Type, by original 
designation, Pulsatriz sharpei Berlepsch = Syrnium koeniswaldianum 
Bertoni and Bertoni. 


Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana (Bertoni and Bertoni) 

Syrnium Koeniswaldianum M. and W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos 
(1), no. 1, Jan., 1901, p. 175. (No locality but probably from near 
Puerto Bertoni on the Alto Parand, Paraguay.) 

Pulsatrix sharpei Berlepsch, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, Oct., 1901, p. 6. 
(State of Espirito Santo, Brazil.) 

Southern Brazil in states of Minas Geraés, Espirito Santo, Rio de Ja- 

neiro, Séo Paulo and Parand; eastern Paraguay; northeastern Argentina 
in Territory of Misiones. 


Pulsatrix melanota (Tschudi) 
Noctua melanota Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, Bd. 1, 1844, p. 266. 
(Peru.) 
Pulsatriz fasciativentris Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. 
Comp. Torino, 15, 1900, no. 368, p. 32. (Valle del Zamora, Ecuador.) 
Eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru. 


Genus NYCTEA STEPHENS 


Nyctea Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, pt. 2, 1825 (1826), p. 62. 
Type, by tautonymy and monotypy,! Strix erminea Shaw = Strix 
nyctea Linné = Strix scandiaca Linné. 

cf. Lonnberg, Ibis, 1931, p. 306 (nomenclature). 

Pleske, Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6, 1928, p. 161-172 (distribu- 
tion on Eurasian tundra.) 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 767-772. 


Nyctea scandiaca (Linné) 


Striz scandiaca Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (‘Habitat in 
Alpibus Lapponiae” ex Fn. Suec., Aves no. 46, there based on a 
drawing by Rudbeck.) 


Strix Nyctea Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe and North 
America, restricted type locality Sweden.) 


1 The second species, Nyctea wapacuthu, is a “species inquirenda”’ from the 
standpoint of the author. 


126 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Resident on the tundras of the Holarctic region and islands in the Arctic 
Ocean, south to Lapland, the lower Pechora, Yamal Peninsula, the lower 
Indigirka, mouth of the Kolyma, northern coast of the Chuckchi Penin- 
sula, islands in Bering Sea, northern Alaska, central Mackenzie, central 
Keewatin, northern Ungava and northern Greenland; north to Franz 
Josef Land in the Old World and to about lat. 83° N. in the New. Dis- 
tribution rather local; not resident in Spitsbergen. Partially migratory; 
in some years a large exodus takes place and on these occasions the species 
occurs as far south as the British Isles, Holland, northern Germany, 
central Russia, southern Siberia, Turkestan, northern China, Japan 
(Hondo), central United States and Iceland. 


Genus SURNIA Dumérin 


Surnia Duméril, Zool. Analytique, 1806, p. 34. Type, by subsequent 
designation, Strix funerea Gmelin [t.e. Strix funerea Linné, 1766, not 
Strix funerea Linné, 1758] = Strix ulula Linné (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 
1840, p. 5). 

cf. Démentiev, Arch. Mus. Zool. Univ. Moscou, 1, 1934, p. 101-108. 
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1010-1013. 

Hartert and Steinbacher, V6ég. pal. Fauna, Erganzungsband, Heft 5, 
1936, p. 391. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 772-779. 


Surnia ulula ulula (Linné) 


Strix Ulula Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, restricted 
type locality Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.) 


Surnia ulula pallasi Buturlin, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 100. (Siberia.) 


Surnia ulula orokensis Stachanov, Kocsag, 4, 1931, p. 21. (Vicinity of 

the fisheries station ‘Ljugi,’ Island of Sakhalin.) 

Breeds in the forested parts of northern Scandinavia, Russia north to 
lat. 69° N., westward across the forests of Siberia, south to the former 
Russian governments of Smolensk and Simbirsk, the Altai, northern Mon- 
golia, Khingan Mountains, Ussuriland and Kamchatka; Island of Sa- 
khalin. Partially migratory, extending in winter to the Shetlands, Orkneys 
and Hebrides, and central Europe. 


Surnia ulula tianschanica Smallbones 
Surnia ulula tianschanica Smallbones, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 27. 
(Xachaka Su, Dzergez, Ort6k and Przewalsk, Tian Shan.) 
Surnia ulula korejewi Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, 
p. 2. (Forested parts of the Tian Shan.) 
Forested parts of the Tian Shan from the Alexandrovski Mountains to 
the Tekes River; Tarbagatai (?). 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 127 


Surnia ulula caparoch (P. L.S. Miiller) 
Strix caparoch P. L. S. Miller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 69. (Europe, 
error = Hudson Bay, ex Edwards, pl. 62.) 

Breeds from tree limit in Alaska, northwestern Mackenzie and Hud- 
son Strait, south to southern British Columbia, central Alberta and Un- 
gava. Winters south to the southern Canadian provinces and casually 
to the northern United States. 


Genus GLAUCIDIUM Bolr 


Glaucidium Boie, Isis von Oken, 1826, Bd. 2, col. 970. Type, by sub- 
sequent designation, Striz passerina Linné (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 
1840, p. 6). 


?Gisella Bonaparte, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 6, 1854, p. 541. Type, by 
monotypy, [Strix] lathami Bonaparte. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 443-453. 
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 29-34. 
Griscom, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 12, 1931, p. 37-43. 
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1007-1009. 
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 671-675. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 779-806. 


Glaucidium passerinum passerinum (Linné) 
Strix passerina Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, re- 
stricted type locality Sweden, ex Fn. Suec.) 
Strix torquata Fischer, Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 1812, p. 276. 
(Forests of Petrofsky, 1.e. vicinity of Moscow.) 


Glaucidium setipes Madardsz, Magyarorszig Madarai, 1900, p. 203. 
(Hungary.) 

Forests of northern Europe and western Asia east to the Valley of the 
Yenessei, north to lat. 68° 30’ N. in Lapland and 62° N. in the Urals; 
south to Spain, the Alps, Bosnia, the Carpathians, Rumania, central 
Russia and Tobolsk. 


Glaucidium passerinum orientale Taczanowski 


Glaucidium passerinum orientale Taczanowski, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. 
St. Pétersb. (7), Sci. Math. Phys. et Nat., 39, 1891, p. 128. [Faune 
Orn. Sib. Orient., 1.] (Eastern Siberia.) 


Forests of eastern Siberia from Transbaikalia east to the Sea of Okhotsk, 
south to the Kentei Mountains, Manchuria and Ussuriland. 


1 Strix Lathami Bonaparte, Osserv. sulla sec. Ed. Regno Anim. Cuvier, 1830, 
p. 56. (No locality.) Based exclusively on the Rufous Owl of Latham’s Gen. 
Hist. Bds., 1, 1821, p. 375, sp. 83. Latham’s description does not apply to 
Nyctale harrisii Cassin; it comes closest to some of the southeastern Asiatic 
species of Glaucidium, but there are so many discrepancies that the Rufous 
Ow! is practically unidentifiable. 


128 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Glaucidium gnoma grinnelli Ridgway 
Glaucidium gnoma grinnelli Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvi, 781 (in key), 791. (Humboldt Bay, California.) 


Pacific coast region of western North America from southeastern Alaska 
south to Monterey County, California, east to the western base of Mount 
Shasta and Lake County, California. 


Glaucidium gnoma swarthi Grinnell 


Glaucidium gnoma swartht Grinnell, Auk, 30, 1913, p. 224. (Errington, 
Vancouver Island.) 


Confined to Vancouver Island. 


Glaucidium gnoma californicum Sclater 
Glaucidium californicum Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1857, p. 4. 
(Oregon and California, type from Calaveras County, California.) 


Glaucidium gnoma vigilante Grinnell, Auk, 30, 1913, p. 224. (Foothills 
at 2250 feet, 4 miles north of Pasadena, Los Angeles County, Cali- 
fornia.) 


Central British Columbia southward through central Washington and 
Oregon to San Diego County, California. 


Glaucidium gnoma pinicola Nelson 


Glaucidium gnoma pinicola Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1910, 
p. 103. (Alma, New Mexico.) 


Rocky Mountain region of the United States from Idaho and western 
Montana, south to extreme eastern California, mountains of southern 
Arizona, and New Mexico. 


Glaucidium gnoma hoskinsii Brewster 


Glaucidium gnoma hoskinsii Brewster, Auk, 5, April, 1888, p. 136.1 
(Sierra de la Laguna, Lower California.) 


Mountains of Lower California north to about lat. 27° N. 


Glaucidium gnoma gnoma Wagler 
Glaucidium Gnoma Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 275. (Mexico.) 


Glaucidium fisheri Nelson and Palmer, Auk, 11, 1894, p. 41. (Mount 
Popocatepetl at 6500 feet, near Tochimilco, Puebla.) 


Highlands of northern and central Mexico from Chihuahua, Nuevo 
Leon and Tamaulipas south to Guerrero, Mexico and Puebla. 
Glaucidium gnoma cobanense Sharpe 


Glaucidium cobanense Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260, in text. (Coban, Alta 
Vera Paz, Guatemala.) 


Highlands of Guatemala. 


1 Separates issued 10 February, 1888. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 129 


Glaucidium siju siju (d’Orbigny) 
Noctua siju d’Orbigny, in de la Sagra’s Hist. fis., pol. y nat. Isla de Cuba, 
3, Aves, 1839, p. 41,! Atlas, Aves, pl. 3. (Cuba.) 
Island of Cuba. 


Glaucidium siju vittatum Ridgway 
Glaucidium siju vittatum Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 
1914, p. xvii, 782 (in key), 805. (Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines.) 
Isle of Pines. 


Glaucidium minutissimum 2 oberholseri Moore 


Glaucidium minutissimum oberholsert Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 
1937, p. 105. (Vado Hondo, 1000 feet, central Sinaloa.) 


Arid upper tropical zone of the mountains of central and southern 
Sinaloa. 
Glaucidium minutissimum palmarum Nelson 


Glaucidium palmarum Nelson, Auk, 18, 1901, p. 46. (Arroyo de Juan 
Sanchez, Nayarit.) 


Humid tropical zone of western Mexico in states of Nayarit and 
Guerrero. 


Glaucidium minutissimum griseiceps Sharpe 
Glaucidium griseiceps Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 41, pl. 2, f. 2. (Veragua 
[Panama] and Chisec and Choctum, Guatemala, restricted to the 
tropical lowlands of Alta Vera Paz by Griscom, antea, p. 42.) 
Humid tropical zone of eastern Guatemala, British Honduras and east- 
ern Honduras. 


Glaucidium minutissimum rarum Griscom 
Glaucidium minutissimum rarum Griscom, Proc. New England Zodl. 
Cl., 12, 1931, p. 41. (Permé, Caribbean slope of eastern Panama.) 


Tropical zone of Costa Rica (recorded only from La Vijagua on the 
Caribbean slope of the Volc4n de Miravalles) and Panama. 


Glaucidium minutissimum minutissimum (Wied) 
Striz pumila Temminck, PI. col., livr. 7, 1821, pl. 39. (Paraguay and 
Brazil.) Not Striz pumila Lichtenstein, 1818. 
Strix minutissima Wied, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., 3, pt. 1, 1830, p. 242. 
(Interior of the State of Bahia, Brazil.) 
Distribution not well known but recorded from British Guiana, Suri- 


nam (?) and Brazil in states of Amazonas, Pard, Bahia, §atto Grosso and 
Sao Paulo; Paraguay (?). 


1 P. 33 in French ed. 
2 IT am unable to agree with Griscom, antea, that minutissimum is the 
tropical zone representative of gnoma. 


130 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Glaucidium jardinii costaricanum L. Kelso 


Glaucidium jardini costaricanum L. Kelso, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 304. 
(Costa Rica.) 
Mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. 


Glaucidium jardinii jardinii (Bonaparte) 
Phalenopsis jardinii Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41, 
1855, p. 654. (Andes of Quito, Ecuador.) 
Mountains of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. 


Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum van Rossem 


Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum van Rossem, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 
50, 1937, p. 27. (Between Guaymas and Elpalme, Sonora.) 


Southern Arizona, and western Mexico from Sonora to Nayarit. 


Glaucidium brasilianum ridgwayi Sharpe 
Glaucidium ridgwayi Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 55, in text. (Central Amer- 
ica, ex Ridgway, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 16, 1873, p. 98. Re- 
stricted type locality, Mexico.) 
Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas southward in the tropical zone of 
eastern Mexico, and western Mexico from Jalisco,! south over both slopes 
of tropical Central America to the Canal Zone. 


Glaucidium brasilianum medianum Todd 
Glaucidium brasilianum medianum Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, 
1916, p. 98. (Bonda, Santa Marta, Colombia.) 
Tropical lowlands of northern Colombia. 


Glaucidium brasilianum phaloenoides (Daudin) 
Strix phalenoides Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 206. (Trinidad.) 
Islands of Trinidad and Margarita; tropical parts of northern Venezuela; 
Guiana (?). 


Glaucidium brasilianum duidae Chapman 
Glaucidium brasilianum duide Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 
1929, p. 8. (Mount Duida, 4700 feet, Venezuela.) 
Subtropical zone of Mount Duida in southern Venezuela. 


Glaucidium brasilianum ucayalae Chapman 
Glaucidium brasilianum ucayale Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no, 380, 
1929, p. 9. (Sarayact, Rio Ucayali, Peru.) 
Eastern base of the Eastern Andes from southeastern Colombia to Peru. 


1 Specimens from Jalisco not seen, perhaps referable to cactorum. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 13] 


Glaucidium brasilianum brasilianum (Gmelin) 


Strix brasiliana Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 289. (Brazil, 
Ceard suggested as type locality by Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 
Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 407.) 


Glaucidium ferox rufus Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901 
p. 179. (Paraguay.) 
Brazil south of the Amazon, east to Bahia and south to eastern Paraguay, 


northeastern Argentina and Uruguay; western Ecuador and western Peru; 
northern Chile (?). 


Glaucidium brasilianum pallens Brodkorb 


Glaucidium brasilianum pallens Brodkorb, Oce. Papers Mus. Zool. 
Univ. Michigan, no. 394, 1938, p. 3. (Puerto Casado, Paraguay.) 


Paraguayan Chaco west of the Paraguay River, and the Yungas of 
eastern Bolivia; probably also the Argentine Chaco. 


Glaucidium brasilianum tucumanum Chapman 


Glaucidium brasilianum tucumanum Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 
31, 1922, p. 5. (Rosario de Lerma, 4800 feet, Salta, Argentina.) 


Subtropical zone of western Argentina in provinces of Salta and 
Tucuman. 


Glaucidium (brasilianum ?) nanum (King) 
Strix nana King, Zool. Journ., 3, 1827 (1828), p. 427. (Port Famine 
Straits of Magellan.) 


Glaucidium nanum vafrum Wetmore, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 12, 1922, 
p. 823. (Concon, Intendencia de Valparaiso, Chile.) 


Andean forest of Chile and western Argentina from Temuco and Lake 
Nahuel Huapi south to the Straits of Magellan. 


Glaucidium perlatum (Vieillot) 
Strix perlata Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1818, p. 26. (Senegal.) 


Glaucidium albiventer Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 10. 
(Kwobia, Gold Coast.) 


Africa, south of the Sahara, from Senegal, the Sudan and Ethiopia to 
the Orange River and the Transvaal; absent from the equatorial forests. 


Glaucidium tephronotum tephronotum Sharpe 
Glaucidium tephronotum Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 260. (‘Said to be from 
South America,” error = West Africa.!) 


Known only from the type, and a second specimen from Mampong, 
Ashanti, Gold Coast.? 


1 Cf. Chapin, Auk, 38, 1921, p. 456-457. 
2 Cf. Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 64, 1934, p. 122. 


132 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Glaucidium tephronotum pycrafti Bates 


Glaucidium pycrafti Bates, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 27, 1911, p. 85, pl. 7. 
(Bitye, Cameroon.) 


Southern Cameroon. 


Glaucidium tephronotum medje Chapin 


Glaucidium tephronotum medje Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 570, 1932, 
p. 3. (Medje, Ituri Forest, Belgian Congo.) 


Northeastern border of the Upper Congo forest. 


Glaucidium tephronotum lukolelae Chapin 


Glaucidium tephronotum lukolele Chapin, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 570, 1932, 
p. 4. (Lukolela, middle Congo River.) 


Known only from the unique type from the southern border of the 
Congo forest. 


Glaucidium tephronotum elgonense Granvik 


Glaucidium tephronotum elgonense Granvik, Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 25, 
1934, p. 41. (Mount Elgon.) 


Known only from Mount Elgon on the Uganda-Kenya border. 


Glaucidium capense castaneum Neumann 


Glaucidium castaneum Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 62. (An- 
dundi, Belgian Congo.) 


Known only from the type locality in the eastern Ituri district of the 
Belgian Congo.} 


Glaucidium capense scheffleri Neumann 
Gaucidium [sic] capense scheffleri Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, 
p. 184. (Kibwezi, Ukamba, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Coastal belt of southern Kenya Colony and northern Tanganyika 
Territory. 


Glaucidium capense ngamiense (Roberts) 


Smithiglaux capensis ngamiensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 15, 
1932, p. 26. (Maun, Ngamiland.) 


Southern Belgian Congo and Ngamiland; Angola (?); Damaraland (?). 


Glaucidium capense robertsi nom. nov. 


Glaucidium capense rufum Gunning and Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 
3, 1911, p. 111. (Boror, Mozambique.) Not of Bertoni, 1901. 


Lake Tanganyika to the lower Zambesi Valley. 


1 For statement concerning the type locality of this bird see Grant and 
Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, p. 138-139. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 133 


Glaucidium capense capense (A. Smith) 


Noctua Capensis A. Smith, So. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 313. 
(South Africa.) 


South Africa, south of the ranges of the two preceding races, south 
to the Orange River and eastern Cape Province. 


Glaucidium brodiei brodiei (Burton) 


Noctua Brodiei Burton, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1835 (1836), p. 152. 
(Himalayas, restricted to Simla by Stuart Baker, antea, p. 450.) 


The Himalayas from the Indian North West Frontier eastward through 
Nepal, Assam and southern China (north to Anhwei) south to the Malay 
Peninsula and northern Indochina;? Island of Hainan. 


Glaucidium brodiei pardalotum (Swinhoe) 
Athene pardalota Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 216. (Interior of Formosa.) 
Confined to the Island of Formosa. 


Glaucidium brodiei peritum nom. nov. 


Strix sylvatica ‘“Miill.” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 40. (Sumatra.) 
Not Strix sylvatica Shaw, 1809. 


Sumatra. 


Glaucidium brodiei borneense Sharpe 


Glaucidium borneense Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, 1898, p. 55. 
(Mount Kalulong, Sarawak, Borneo.) 


Borneo. 


Glaucidium radiatum radiatum (Tickell) 


Strix Radiata Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 572. (Jungles 
of Borahbum and Dholbhum.) 


Indian Peninsula (except the part occupied by G. r. malabaricum); 
Ceylon? 


Glaucidium radiatum malabaricum (Blyth) 
Athene malabaricus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 280. 
(Malabar Coast and Travancore.) 


Southwestern side of the Indian Peninsula, not ascending into the hills 
above 2500 feet. 


Glaucidium cuculoides castanonotum (Blyth) 


Athene castanopterus “‘(Horsf.)”’ Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, 
p. 280. (Ceylon.) Not Strix castanoptera Horsfield, 1821, which is 
also a Glaucidium. 


1G. b. tubiger (Hodgs.) is not a recognizable race, ef. Ludlow and Kinnear, 
Ibis, 1937, p. 490-492. 

2 Cf. Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, 
p. 237-238. 


134 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Athene castanonota Blyth, Cat. Bds. Mus. As. Soc., 1849 (1852), p. 39. 
Ceylon. 


Glaucidium cuculoides cuculoides (Vigors) 


Noctua cuculoides Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 8. 
(Himalayas, t.e. Simla-Almora district.) } 


Lower ranges of the western Himalayas from Murree and Mussorie to 
eastern Nepal. 


Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker 


Glaucidium cuculoides rufescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 
1926, p. 59. (Noong-zai-ban, Manipur.) 


Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam south of the Brahmaputra, and southern 
Yunnan, south to eastern Bengal, northern Burma, Shan States, northern 
Laos and western Tonkin. 


Glaucidium cuculoides briigeli (Parrot) 


Athene cuculoides briigeh Parrot, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 8, 1908, p. 
104. (Bangkok, Siam.) 


Glaucidium cuculoides fulvescens Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 
1926, p. 60. (Kolidoo, Tenasserim.) ? 


Tenasserim, Siam, and Indochina from Laos to Cambodia. 


Glaucidium cuculoides whitelyi (Blyth) 
Athene Whitelyi Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 313. (Japan, error = China.) 


Szechuan, Yunnan and southeastern China south of the Yangtse, and 
eastern Tonkin. 


Glaucidium cuculoides persimile Hartert 
Glaucidium cuculoides persimile Hartert, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 205. 
(Five-Finger Mountains, Hainan.) 
Island of Hainan. 


Glaucidium cuculoides castanopterum (Horsfield) 
Strix castanoptera Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p: 140. (Java.) 


Java and Bali. 


Glaucidium sjéstedti Reichenow 
Glaucidium sjéstedti Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 65. (Cam- 
eroon Mountain.) 


1 Ticehurst and Whistler, Ibis, 1924, p. 471, have made a blanket restriction 
of Simla-Almora district for all the species described by Vigors in Proc. Comm. 
Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 7-9 and shortly afterward figured in Gould’s 
‘Century of Birds from the Himalayas.’ 

2 Cf. Robinson and Kloss, t. c., p. 94. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 135 


Forested lowlands of western Africa from the Cameroon Mountain 
region to the French Congo. 


Genus MICRATHENE Cougs 


Micrathene Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 51. Type, by 
original designation, Athene whitneyi Cooper. 

Micropallas Coues, Auk, 6, 1889, p. 71. New name for Micrathene 
Coues on grounds of preoccupation by Micrathena Sundvall, 1833, 
Arachnida. 

cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 806-812. 


Micrathene whitneyi whitneyi (Cooper) 
Athene whitney: Cooper, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 2, 1861, p. 118. (Fort 
Mojave, Arizona.) 
Desert areas of southeastern California, southern Arizona, southwestern 
New Mexico and northern Sonora. 


Micrathene whitneyi idonea (Ridgway) 

Micropallas whitneyt idoneus Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvii, p. 807 (in key), p. 810. (Five miles from Hidalgo, 
Texas.) 

Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas, and central Mexico in states of 

Guanajuato, Mexico and Puebla. 


Micrathene whitneyi sanfordi (Ridgway) 

Micropallas whitneyt sanfordi Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, 
pt. 6, 1914, p. xvii, p. 807 (in key), p. 809. (Miraflores, Lower Cali- 
fornia.) 

Peninsula of Lower California south of lat. 23° 40’ N. 


Micrathene whitneyi graysoni Ridgway 
Micrathene graysoni Ridgway, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 333. (Socorro Island.) 
Micropallas socorroensis ‘“‘Ridgw.’”’ Sharpe, Hand-list, 1, 1899, p. 299. 
Lapsus! 
Known only from Socorro Island of the Revillagigedo Group off the 
west coast of Mexico. 


Genus UROGLAUX Mayr 


Uroglaux Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1937, p. 6. Type, by 
original designation and monotypy, Athene dimorpha Salvadori. 


cf. Mayr, loc. cit. 
Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 83-84. 


136 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Uroglaux dimorpha (Salvadori) 
Athene dimorpha Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 6, 1874, p. 308. 
(Sorong, New Guinea.) 
Island of Jobi [or Japen] and all of New Guinea. 


Genus NINOX! HopGson 


Ninox Hodgson, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 5, 1837, p. 23. Type, by 
monotypy, Ninox nipalensis Hodgson = Strix lugubris Tickell. 
Berneyornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 305. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Athene (?) strenua Gould. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 453-458; 7, 
1930, p. 390-391. 
Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 87-88. 
Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 992-995. 
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 308-359 (sub nom. Spiloglaux, 
Rhabdoglaux and Berneyornis). 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 260-270. 
Meyer and Wiglesworth, Bds. Celebes, 1, 1898, p. 93-102. 
Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 395-398. 
Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 1880, p. 78-91, t.e. Mem. R. 
Accad. Sci. Torino (2), 33. 


Ninox rufa humeralis (Bonaparte) 

Athene humeralis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 40. (Oceania = 
New Guinea, ex Hombron and Jacquinot, Voy. Péle Sud, Zool., 3, 
1853, p. 51 = Triton Bay, the only point on New Guinea where the 
expedition collected.) 

Ninox undulata Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 3, 1879, 
p. 249. (Southeast coast of New Guinea.) Not Ninox undulata 
(Latham) 1801.2 

Waigeu; all of New Guinea below 1800 metres. 


Ninox rufa aruensis (Schlegel) 
Noctua aruensis Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, p. 329. 
(Aru Islands.) 
Aru Islands. 


Ninox rufa rufa (Gould) 
Athene rufa Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 18. (Port 
Essington.) 


1 Includes Hieracoglaux Kaup, 1848, Spiloglaux Kaup, 1848, Cephaloptynx 
Kaup, 1852, Ctenoglaux Kaup, 1852, Rhabdoglaux Bonaparte, 1854. 

2 For remarks on identity of Ramsay’s type cf. Kinghorn, Rec. Austr. Mus., 
18, 1933, p. 451-452. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 37 


Tropical northern Australia, including the Cape York Peninsula, 
south at least to Cooktown. 


Ninox rufa queenslandica Mathews 
Ninox humeralis queenslandica Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 27, 1911, 
p. 62. (The Hollows, Mackay, Queensland.) 
Eastern Queensland in the region about Mackay. 


Ninox strenua (Gould) 
Athene ? strenua Gould, Syn. Bds. Austr., pt. 3, 1838, pl. 47, f. 2. (New 
South Wales.) 
Ninox strenua victoriae Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 75. 
(Victoria. ) 
New South Wales and Victoria. 


Ninox connivens rufostrigata (G. R. Gray) 
Athene ruyostrigata G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344. 
(Halmahera.) 
Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Batjan, Obi. 


Ninox connivens assimilis Salvadori and D’Albertis 
Ninox assimilis Salvadori and D’Albertis, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 
1875, p. 809. (Mt. Epa, New Guinea.) 
Ninox albomaculata Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 3, 
1879, p. 249. (Laloki, New Guinea.) 


Eastern New Guinea, from the Ramu River on the north and the 
Merauke district on the south, eastward; Vulcan and Dampier Islands. 


Ninox connivens occidentalis Ramsay 
Ninox connivens occidentalis Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South 
Wales (2), 1, 1886 (1887), p. 1086. (Derby, North-West Australia.) 
Ninox connivens suboccidentalis Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 255. 
(Northern Territory, type said to be from Port Keats.) 
North-West Australia and Northern Territory. 


Ninox connivens peninsularis Salvadori 
Ninox peninsularis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875 (1876), 
p. 992. (Cape York.) 


Cape York Peninsula. 


?Ninox connivens addenda Mathews 
Ninox connivens addenda Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 120. 
(South-West Australia.) 
Southwestern Australia; very doubtfully distinct from JN. c. connivens. 


138 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ninox connivens connivens (Latham) 
Falco connivens Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xii. (New Holland 
= New South Wales, apud Mathews.) 
Southern Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae rudolfi A. B. Meyer 
Ninox rudolfi A. B. Meyer, Ibis, 1882, p. 232, pl. 6.1. (Sumba.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumba. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae plesseni Stresemann 
Ninox fusca plessent Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 37, 1929, p. 47. 
(Tanglapoi, 1000 meters, Alor.) 
Lesser Sunda Islands: Alor. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae fusca (Vieillot) 
Strix fusca Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 22. (Santo 
Domingo and Puerto Rico, error = Timor; see Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, 
p. 256.) 
Lesser Sunda Islands: Timor? 


Ninox novaeseelandiae cinnamomina Hartert 
Ninox boobook cinnamomina Hartert, Nov. Zool., 18, 1906, p. 293. 
(Tepa, Babar Island.) 
Lesser Sunda Islands: Babar. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae remigialis Stresemann 
Ninox noveseelandiz remigialis Stresemann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 50, 
1930, p. 61. (Kei Islands.) 
Kei Islands. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae pusilla Mayr and Rand 


Ninox novaeseelandiae pusilla Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 
814, 1935, p. 3. (Dogwa, Oriomo River, Territory of Papua.) 


Known only from the type locality in southern New Guinea. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae ocellata (Bonaparte) 


Athene ocellata ““Hombr. et Jacquin.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, 
p. 42. (Oceania, based on Voy. Pole Sud, Atlas, Ois., pl. 3, f. 2 = 
Raffles Bay, Coburg Peninsula, Australia.) 3 


1 The plate is lettered Ninox rudolphi. 

2 [ have examined specimens in the Rothschild collection from Savu and 
Moa; these probably represent undescribed races allied to fusca and cin- 
namomina. 

3 The type locality of this bird has long been uncertain; Hombron and 
Jacquinot, Voy. Péle Sud, Zool., 3, 1853, p. 51-52, state that the bird figured 
in the ‘Atlas’ was from Talcahuano, Chile, but this has long since been shown 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 139 


Ninox boobook mixta Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 255. 
(Parry’s Creek, North-West Australia.) 

Ninox boobook melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 34. (Melville Island.) 

Ninox boobook macgillivrayi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1913, p. 194. 
(Cape York.) 

Spiloglaux noveseelandizx everardi Mathews, Bds. Austr., 5, 1916, p. 332. 
(Everard Ranges, Central Australia.) 

Ninoz yorki Cayley, Emu, 28, 1929, p. 162, pl. 34, upper f. (Cape York.) 

Melville Island and tropical northern Australia. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae marmorata (Gould) 

Athene marmorata Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 18. (South 
Australia.) 

Ninox boobook halmaturina Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 254. 
(Kangaroo Island.) 

Ninoz ooldeaensis Cayley, Emu, 28, 1929, p. 163, pl. 34, lower f. (Ool- 
dea, South Australia.) 

South and South-West Australia. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae lurida DeVis 
Ninox lurida DeVis, Rep. Sci. Exped. Queensland, 1889, p. 31, 84. 
(Bellenden Ker Range, Queensland.) 
Spiloglaux bowert Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74. (Peterson’s 
Pocket, Cairns, Queensland.) 


Apparently confined to the very heavy rainfall area lying between 
Cairns and the Bellenden Ker Range in northeastern Queensland. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae boobook (Latham) 


Strix Boobook Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xv. (New Holland 
= New South Wales, apud Mathews.) 


to have been a mistake, and the specimen identical with Australian examples. 
In Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 255, Mathews gives Perth, South-West Australia, 
as the type locality, a restriction to which he still adhered in Bds. Austr., 5, 
1916, p. 331. However in his Syst. Av. Australas., pt. 1, 1927, p. 272, he con- 
siders oce/lata unidentifiable, and in the appendix to pt. 2 of the same work 
(p. 913) he considers ocellata an earlier name for roseoaxillaris Hartert! There 
is nothing undeterminable about the plate of ocellata, and further Sharpe and 
others examined the type and found it identical with North Australian birds. 
There is no difficulty in fixing the precise locality where the expedition “‘au 
Pole Sud” collected the type of Athene ocellata; studying the narrative of the 
voyage it is quite clear that a stop was made at Raffles Bay, a short distance 
east of Port Essington, Northern Territory, in March or April 1839, and this 
was the only point on the Australian Continent visited by the expedition and 
the only place where the type could possibly have been secured; hence Mathews’ 
restriction to Perth is quite contradictory to the facts and cannot stand. 


140 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Spiloglaux boobook leachi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74. 
(Victoria.) 


Spiloglaux boobook tregellasi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 74. 
(Frankston, Victoria.) 


Southern Queensland, New South Wales and Victoria. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae leucopsis (Gould) 


Noctua Maculata Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, 
pt. 1, 1826, p. 189. (Australia, 7.e. Tasmania.) Not Strix maculata 
Kerr, 1792, which is also a Ninox. 


Athene leucopsis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1837 (1838), p. 99, 
in text. (Tasmania.) 


Spiloglaux boobook clelandi Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 19138, p. 74. 
(Flinders Island.) 


Spiloglaux novaeseelandiae tasmanica Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 
1917, p. 70. (Tasmania.) 


Tasmania and islands in Bass Strait. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae albaria Ramsay 


Ninoz albaria Ramsay, Tab. List Bds. Austr., 1888, p. 36. (Lord Howe 
Island.) 


Lord Howe Island. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata (Latham) 


Strix undulata Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xvii. (Norfolk 
Island, ex Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 368, cf. Mathews, Ibis, 1933, p. 353.) 


Ninox boobook royana Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, 1912, p. 120. 
(Norfolk Island.) 


Norfolk Island. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae venatica (Peale) 
Noctua venatica Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 75. (Bay of 
Islands, North Island, New Zealand.) 


New Zealand: North Island, Little and Great Barrier Islands, Three 
Kings, Kapiti. 


Ninox novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae (Gmelin) 


Strix nove Seelandiz Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 296. (New 
Zealand = Queen Charlotte Sound, South Island, er Latham, Gen. 
Syn., 1, pt. 1, p. 149, no. 39.) 

New Zealand: South Island, Stewart Island. 


Ninox scutulata ussuriensis Buturlin 


Ninox scutulata ussuriensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 1, 1910, p. 187. 
(Ussuri and Korea.) 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 141 


Breeds in Ussuriland and the adjacent parts of southeastern Man- 
churia and northern Korea. Winter range not worked out, but recorded 
from Borneo by Démentiev. 


Ninox scutulata scutulata (Raffles) 

Strix scutulata Raffles, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 2, 1822, p. 280. 
(Sumatra.) ! 

Ninox macroptera Blasius, Braunschw. Anz., 11 Jan., 1888, no. 9, p. 86. 
(Mindoro.); Ornis, 1888, p. 551. 

Ctenoglaux scutulata totogo Momiyama, Amoeba, 2, 1930, p. 26. Nomen 
nudum. 

Ninox scutulata totoga Momiyama, Amoeba, 3, 1931, p. 68. (Botel 
Tobago.) In Japanese. 


Breeds throughout Japan from Hokkaido to Formosa, central and 
southern Korea, and eastern China from Kiangsu to Fukien. Migrates 
in winter to the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippine 
Islands, Sangir and Talaut Islands, Celebes, Kalao, Flores, Wetar and 
Buru. 


Ninox scutulata burmanica Hume 


Ninox burmanica Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 285. (Pegu and 
Tenasserim. ) 


Ninox innominata Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 286, in text. 
(Cachar.) 


Resident from Assam south of the Brahmaputra and southern Yunnan, 
south to the Malay Peninsula, Siam and all of Indochina. 


Ninox scutulata lugubris (Tickell) 


Strix Lugubris Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 572. 
(Dampara, Dholbhum, Bengal.) 


Northern India from Murree and Garhwal east to western Assam north 
of the Brahmaputra, south to the central parts of the Indian Peninsula 
(to Madras on the east). 


Ninox scutulata hirsuta (Temminck) 
Strix hirsuta Temminck, PI. col., livr. 49, 1824, pl. 289. (Ceylon.) 
Southern India and Ceylon. 


Ninox scutulata obscura Hume 


Ninox obscurus Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 11. (Camorta, Nico- 
bars.) 


Andaman and Nicobar Islands.” 


1 Strix japonica Temminck and Schlegel, is a synonym. 
2 European authors usually consider N. obscura a distinct species and place 
N. affinis, which also occurs in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, as a race 


142 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ninox scutulata malaccensis (Eyton) 


Athene malaccensis Eyton, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 16, 1845, p. 228. 
(Malacca. ) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago and Banka. 


Ninox scutulata javanensis Stresemann 


Ninox scutulata javanensis Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, p. 54. 
(Indramaju, Residency of Cheribon, Java.) 


Western Java. 


Ninox scutulata borneensis (Bonaparte) 
Strix hirsuta borneensis “‘Schlegel’’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, 
p. 41. (Malaysia, Borneo.) 
Ninoz labuanensis Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 165, in text. 
(Labuan Island.) 
Borneo, North Natuna Islands. 


Ninox affinis affinis Beavan 
Ninox affinis “Tytler” Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 316. (Aberdeen Point, 
Port Blair, Andaman Islands.) 
Andaman Islands. 


Ninox affinis isolata Stuart Baker 
Ninox scutulata isolata Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, 
p. 60. (Car Nicobar.) 
Nicobar Islands. 


Ninox superciliaris (Vieillot) 
Strix superciliaris Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 33. 
(‘Je ne connois pas son pays’’; type in the Paris Museum, = Mada- 
gascar, fide Gurney, Ibis, 1869, p. 453.) 


Western Madagascar. 


Ninox philippensis Bonaparte 
Ninox philippensis Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41, 
1855, p. 655. (No locality = Philippine Islands by inference.) 


Philippine Islands: Luzon, Marinduque, Masbate, Ticao, Guimaras, 
Negros, Leyte, Siquijor. 


of N. scutulata. After examining specimens of both obscura and affinis it is 
my belief that it is the former that represents scutulata and the latter is the one 
to claim specific rank. Dr. Mayr and Mr. Greenway both concur with me in 
this disposal of the status of the two forms. 

1 See note under N. s. obscura on p. 141. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 143 


Ninox spilonota Bourns and Worcester 


Ninozx spilonotus Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota Acad. 
Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 8. (Cebu, Sibuyan, Tablas and Mindoro.) 


Philippine Lslands: Mindoro, Tablas, Sibuyan, Cebu. 


Ninox spilocephala mindorensis Ogilvie-Grant 
Ninox mindorensis Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1896, p. 463. (Lowlands of 
Mindoro.) 


Ninox Plateni “Blasius” Hartlaub, Abh. Naturwiss. Ver. Bremen, 16, 
1899, p. 271. (Mindoro.) 


Philippine Islands: Mindoro. 


Ninox spilocephala spilocephala Tweeddale 
Ninox spilocephala Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879), 
p. 939. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.) 
Philippine Islands: Mindanao, Basilan. 


Ninox spilocephala reyi Oustalet 
Ninox Reyi Oustalet, Bull. Assoc. Sci. France (2), 1, 1880, p. 206. 
(Sulu Archipelago.) 


Philippine Islands: Jolo, Bongao. 


Ninox spilocephala everetti Sharpe 


Ninoz everetti Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 47. (Siasi Island, 
Sulu Archipelago.) 


Philippine Islands: Siasi. 


Ninox perversa Stresemann 


Noctua ochracea Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1865, p. 183. 
(Negri-lama, Gulf of Tomini, Celebes.) 

Ninox perversa Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 46, 1938, p. 149. New 
name for Noctwa ochracea Schlegel, not Noctua ochracea Haworth, 
1809, Lepidoptera.! 

Celebes (except the southern peninsula.) 


Ninox squamipila hypogramma (G. R. Gray) 
Athene hypogramma G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1860, p. 344. 
(Batjan and Halmahera.) 


Northern Moluccas: Halmahera, Ternate, Batjan. 


1 Under the interpretation of Art. 25, as emended, of the International 
Code adopted by the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature 
at the XII International Congress of Zoology, Lisbon in 1935, Dr. Stresemann’s 
bibliographic reference is not sufficient to lift his proposed new name out of the 
class of nomina nuda; (cf. Compt. Rend. XII Int. Congr. Zool. Lisbon, 1, 1936, 
p. 186-187, par. 20) but his brief statement that the 9 is smaller than the ¢ 
is perhaps sufficient to constitute a valid description. 


144 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ninox squamipila hantu (Wallace) 
Athene hantu Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 22. (Buru.) 
Buru. 

Ninox squamipila squamipila (Bonaparte) 
Athene squamipila Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 41. (Ceram.) 
Ceram. 


Ninox squamipila forbesi Sclater 
Ninox forbesi Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883, p. 52, pl. 11. 
(Lutu, Timor Laut.) 
Tenimber Islands. 


Ninox squamipila natalis Lister 
Ninox natalis Lister, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888 (1889), p. 525. 
(Christmas Island, Indian Ocean.) 
Confined to Christmas Island, 215 miles south of western Java, in the 
Indian Ocean. 
Ninox theomacha hoedtii (Schlegel) 
Noctua Hoedtii Schlegel, Neder]. Tijdschr. Dierk., 4, 1871, p. 3. (Misol.) 
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Misol. 


Ninox theomacha theomacha (Bonaparte) 
Spiloglaux theomacha Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 41, 
1855, p. 654. (Triton Bay, New Guinea.) 
Ninozx terricolor Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 4, 1880, 
p. 466. (Goldie River, 30 miles inland, New Guinea.) 
All of New Guinea below 1400 metres. 


Ninox theomacha goldii Gurney 
Ninox goldii Gurney, Ibis, 1883, p. 171. (Southeastern New Guinea, 
error = Fergusson Island, fide Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 
25, 1918, p. 325.) 
Ninox goodenoviensis DeVis, Ann. Rept. Brit. New Guinea, 1888-89, 
1890, p. 58. (Goodenough Island.) 
D’Entrecasteaux Archipelago: Goodenough, Fergusson and Normanby 
Islands. 
Ninox theomacha rosseliana Tristram 
Nino rosseliana Tristram, Ibis, 1889, p. 557. (Rossel Island.) 
Louisiade Archipelago: Sudest [or Tagula] and Rossel Islands. 


Ninox punctulata (Quoy and Gaimard) 
Noctua punctulata Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 165; Atlas, Ois., pl. 1, f. 1. (Celebes.) 
Celebes. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 145 


Ninox meeki Rothschild and Hartert 
Ninox meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 33, 1914, 
p. 105. (Manus, Admiralty Islands.) 


Admiralty Islands. 


Ninox solomonis superior Hartert 
Ninox variegata superior Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 121. (New 
Hanover.) 
New Hanover [or Lavongai]. 


Ninox solomonis solomonis Sharpe 

Noctua variegata Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 166, Atlas, Ois., pl. 1, f. 2. (Carteret Harbor, New Ireland.) Not 
Noctua variegata Jung, 1792, Lepidoptera. 

Ninozx solomonis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1876, p. 673, pl. 62. 
(Solomon Islands, error, type locality fixed as southern New Ireland, 
by Mayr, Ibis, 1933, p. 552.) 

Ninox nove britannie Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 2, 
1877, p. 105. (New Britain, error = New Ireland.) 

Spiloglauz novebritannix novehibernice Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 
46, 1926, p. 131. New name for Noctua variegata Quoy and Gaimard, 
preoccupied. 

New Britain and New Ireland. 


Ninox odiosa Sclater 
Ninox odiosa Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, p. 108. (New 
Britain.) 
New Britain. 


Ninox jacquinoti eichhorni (Hartert) 
Spiloglaux jacquinoti eichhorni Hartert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 364, 
1927, p. 7. (Choiseul, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: Bougainville and Choiseul. 


Ninox jacquinoti mono Mayr 
Ninox jacquinoti mono Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 2. 
(Mono Island, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: Mono [or Treasury] Island. 


Ninox jacquinoti jacquinoti (Bonaparte) 

Athene jacquinoti ‘“Hombr.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 42. 
(Oceania = St. George, Solomon Islands, er Hombron and Jacquinot, 
Voy. Péle Sud., Zool., 3, 1853, p. 51.) 

Solomon Islands: Ysabel and St. George. 


146 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ninox jacquinoti floridae Mayr 
Ninox jacquinoti floridae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 2. 
(Florida Island, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: :Florida Island. 
Ninox jacquinoti granti Sharpe 
Ninox grantt Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888, p. 183. (Guadal- 
canar, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: Guadalcanar. 
Ninox jacquinoti malaitae Mayr 
Ninoz jacquinoti malaitae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 504, 1931, p. 14. 
(Malaita, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: Malaita. 
Ninox jacquinoti roseoaxillaris (Hartert) 
Sptloglaux roseoaxillaris Hartert, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 364, 1929, p. 6. 
(Bauro, San Cristé6bal, Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: San Cristdébal. 


Genus GYMNOGLAUX Casanis! 


Gymnoglaux Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 3, 1855, p. 466. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Noctua nudipes Lembeye, not Strix nudipes Daudin = Gym- 
noglaux lawrencii Sclater and Salvin. 

cf. Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 679-680. 


Gymnoglaux lawrencii exsul (Bangs) 
Gymnasio lawrencei exsul Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 4, 1913, 
p. 91. (Santa Sevilla, Isle of Pines.) 
Western Cuba ? and the Isle of Pines. 


Gymnoglaux lawrencii lawrencii Sclater and Salvin 
Gymnoglauzx lawrencii Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, 
p. 327, pl. 29. (Cuba; ex Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 
1860, p. 257.) 
Central and eastern Cuba. 


GreNnus SCELOGLAUX Kaup 


Sceloglaux Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 768. Type, by monotypy, 
Athene albifacies G. R. Gray. 
cf. Oliver, New Zealand Bds., 1930, p. 398-399. 


1 Replaces Gymnasio Bonaparte, 1854; the type of Gymnasio is Strix nudipes 
Daudin which is transferred to Otus, hence Gymnoglaux becomes the first 
available generic name for the Cuban bare-legged Owls. 

2 Cf. Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 10, 1916, p. 234. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 147 


{Sceloglaux albifacies rufifacies Buller 
Sceloglaux rufifacies Buller, Ibis, 1904, p. 639. (Wairarapa district, 
North Island, New Zealand.) 
Formerly inhabited parts of North Island, New Zealand. Now extinct. 


Sceloglaux albifacies albifacies (G. R. Gray) 
Athene albifacies G. R. Gray, Zool. Voy. ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ Bds., 
1844, p. 2, pl. 1. (Waikouaiti, South Island, New Zealand.) 


South Island, New Zealand. 


Genus ATHENE Bolt 


Athene Boie, Isis von Oken, 1822, Bd. 1, col. 549. Type, by subsequent 
designation, A. noctua (Retz.) Boie, Pl. enl. 439. Str. passerina Auct. 
= Striz noctua Scopoli. (G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., ed. 2, 1841, p. 7.) 
Heteroglauzx Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 467. Type, 
by monotypy, Heteroglaux blewittt Hume. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 488-443. 
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossic., 1, 1935, p. 56-58. 
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 999-1007. 
Hartert and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Erganzungsb., Heft 5, 
1936, p. 389-391. 
Athene noctua vidalii A. E. Brehm 
Athene Vidalii A. E. Brehm, Allg. Deutsche naturh. Zeitung (n-f.), 
3, 1857, p. 440. (Mountains of Spain, type from Murcia.) 
Athene noctua mira Witherby, Brit. Bds., 18, 1920, p. 283. (Houthem, 
Limburg, Holland.) 
Western Europe: Holland, Belgium, France, Iberian Peninsula; in- 
troduced into England. 
Athene noctua noctua (Scopoli) 
Strix noctua Scopoli, Annus I, Hist.-Nat., 1769, p. 22. (Carniolia, 7.e. 
Krain.) 
Athene Chiaradiae Giglioli, Avicula, 4, 1900, p. 57. (Castello de Caneva, 
Sacile, Udine.) 

Central Europe from Denmark east to the Baltic republics and central 
Russia, south through Germany and Poland to Italy, Austria, Hungary 
and the former Russian governments of Volhynia and Poltava. 

Athene noctua sarda (Kleinschmidt) 
Strix Athene sarda Kleinschmidt, Falco, 3, 1907, p. 65. (Sardinia.) 
Sardinia and probably Corsica. 


Athene noctua indigena C. L. Brehm 


Athene indigena C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 37. (Greece, and 
wanders to Egypt, type from Attica.) 


148 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Balkan Peninsula, Aegean Islands, southern Russia south of the range 
of A. n. noctua, and east to the Ural River. 


?Athene noctua kessleri Semenov 


Athene glaux kesslert Semenov, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Pétersb., Cl. 
Sci. Phys. et Math. (8), 8, 1899, no. 5, p. 14. (Crimea.) 


Crimea.! 


?Athene noctua caucasica (Zarudny and Loudon) 


Carine noctua caucasica Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, 
p. 56. (Baku, west shore of the Caspian Sea.) 


Transcaucasia and northern Persia. 


Athene noctua glaux (Savigny) 
Noctua Glaux Savigny, Descr. Egypte, livr. 1, 1809, p. 105. (Egypt.) 


Striz Athene ruficolor Kleinschmidt, Falco, 3, 1907, p. 65. (Morocco; 
type from Marrakesh.) 


Northern Morocco (including the Sous), northern Algeria, northern 
Tunisia and the cultivated parts of the Nile valley south to Aswan. 


Athene noctua saharae (Kleinschmidt) 
Strix saharae Kleinschmidt, Falco, 5, 1909, p. 19. (Mouleina, near 
Biskra, southern Algeria.) 


Southern Morocco south of the Atlas, eastward across southern Algeria 
and southern Tunisia to Egypt (except those portions of the Nile Valley 
occupied by A. n. glaux); northern Arabia. 


Athene noctua solitudinis Hartert 
Athene noctua solitudinis Hartert, Nov. Zool., 31, 1924, p. 18. (Mt. 
Todera, Air, Sahara.) 


Central Sahara: Air and Ahaggar Mountains. 


Athene noctua lilith Hartert 


Athene (oder Carine) noctua lilith Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, 
p. 1006. (Der-ez-Zor, on the Euphrates.) 


Syria and Palestine.2 


Athene noctua bactriana Blyth 


Athene bactrianus Blyth in Hutton, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 2, 
1847, p. 776. (Old Kandahar, Afghanistan.) 


1 Hartert and Steinbacher believe both kessleri and caucasica to be synony- 
mous with indigena; Démentiev on the contrary upholds both forms. 

2 A. n. lilith is somewhat intermediate between saharae and bactriana, 
sometimes placed in the synonymy of one, sometimes in that of the other; 
perhaps best recognized tentatively. Cf. also Hartert, Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, 
p. 261. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 149 


Transcaspia eastward to the plains of the Syr Darya and southward to 
Iraq, Persia, Afghanistan and Baluchistan; western border of the range 
of this form not well defined from the eastern border of that of A. n. 
Lilith. 


Athene noctua orientalis Severtzov 


Athene orientalis Severtzov, Izvest. Imp. Obsch. Liubit. Estestv. Antrop. 
Etnogr. Moskva, 8, 1873 (Dec., 1872), pt. 2, p. 115 [‘Turkestan- 
skikh Zhivotnikh”’]. (Turkestan; no type designated; lectotype from 
Issyk-Kul, Tian Shan, cf. Démentiev, Alauda (2), 3, 1931, p. 258.) 


Northeastern Russian Turkestan, Tian Shan, Dzungaria, Chinese 
Turkestan; Tarbagatai.! 


Athene noctua ludlowi Stuart Baker 
Athene noctua ludlowit Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, 
p. 58. (Dochen, 15,000 feet, Rhamtso Lake, Tibet.) 
Ladak and Tibet. 


Athene noctua impasta Bangs and Peters 


Athene noctua impasta Bangs and Peters, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 68, 
1928, p. 330. (Grasslands south of Lake Kokonor.) 


Kokonor and western Kansu. 


Athene noctua plumipes Swinhoe 


Athene plumipes Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 448. (Near 
Shato [not far from Nankow Pass, northwest of Peiping], Chihli.) 


Southeastern Altai, southwestern Transbaikalia and southern Man- 
churia, south to northwestern Mongolia, the central Gobi, Shensi, Chihli 
and Korea. 


Athene noctua spilogastra (Heuglin) 
Athene spilogastra Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 1863, p. 14. Nomen nudum. 


Noctua spilogastra Heuglin, Orn. Nord-Ost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 119, pl. 4. 
(Ethiopian coastlands not far from Umkulu and Harkiko.) 


Red Sea Province of the Sudan and the coast of Eritrea. 


Athene noctua somaliensis Reichenow 
Athene spilogaster somaliensis Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 3, 1905, p. 822. 
(Aurowana, northern Somaliland, ez Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 52, 
1904, p. 238.) 


Hawash region of Ethiopia eastward across northern British Somaliland. 


1 Only direct comparison of an adequate series of orientalis, ludlowi, im- 
pasta and plumipes can settle the question of the validity and geographic 
limits of these races. 


150 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Athene brama indica (Franklin) 


Noctua Indica Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1831, p. 115. 
(Banks of the Ganges and in the mountain chain of upper Hindoostan, 
t.e. United Provinces.) 


All of India from Sind to Assam and south in the Indian Peninsula to 
about lat. 20° N.1 


Athene brama brama (Temminck) 
Striz brama Temminck, PI. col., livr. 12, 1821, pl. 68. (Pondicherry and 
west coast of India.) 
Carine brama fryi Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 60. 
(Rameswaram, Madras, India.) 
Indian Peninsula south of lat. 20° N. 


Athene brama pulchra Hume 
Athene pulchra Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feathers, 1, 1873, p. 469. 
(Pegu, Burma.) 


Central Burma, Shan States and southern Yunnan (?)? south to 
southern Burma, Siam and southwestern Indochina. 


Athene blewitti (Hume) 
Heteroglaux Blewitti Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feathers, 1, 1873, 
p. 468. (Busnah, Phooljan State, India.) 
Forests of central India. 


Genus SPEOTYTO GiLoGER 


Speotyto Gloger, Hand-und Hilfsb. Naturg., 1842 (1841), p. 226. Type, 
by monotypy, Strix cunicularia Molina. 
cf. Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 18, no. 1, pt. 2, 1918, 
p. 39-42. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 812-825. 


Speotyto cunicularia hypugaea (Bonaparte) 


Strix hypugza Bonaparte, Am. Orn., 1, 1825, p. 72, note, pl. 7, fig. 2.3 
(Western United States, 2.e., Plains of the Platte River.) 


Speotyto cunicularia becki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, 
p. 405. (Guadelupe Island, Lower California.) 


Plains and prairies of western North America (including islands off the 
coasts of southern California, Lower California and western Mexico 


1 See Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, 
p. 236-237. 

2 While ““Yunnan”’ is generally included in the range of this form, I cannot 
find any published records of its occurrence there. 

3 The plate is lettered Strix Cunicularia. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 151 


[except Clarion Island]) from southern British Columbia, southern 
Saskatchewan and western Manitoba, east to the eastern border of the 
Great Plains, south to Honduras; recorded from Costa Rica and western 
Panama; migratory in those parts of its range lying north of Oregon and 
Kansas. 


Speotyto cunicularia rostrata C. H. Townsend 
Speotyto rostrata C. H. Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 13, 1890, 
p. 133. (Clarion Island, Revillagigedo Group, Mexico.) 
Confined to Clarion Island, off the west coast of Mexico. 


Speotyto cunicularia floridana Ridgway 

Speotyto cunicularia var. floridana Ridgway, Am. Sportsman, 4, 1874, 
p. 216. (16 miles east of Sarasota Bay, Florida.) 

Speotyto bahamensis Maynard, App. to Cat. West Ind. Bds., 1899, 
p. 33. (New Providence, Bahamas.) ! 

Speotyto cunicularia cavicola Bangs, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 287. New name to 
replace S. bahamensis Maynard, not S. c. bahamensis Cory. 

Prairies of central and southern Florida; Bahama Islands. 


Speotyto cunicularia troglodytes Wetmore and Swales 

Speotyto dominicensis Cory, Auk, 3, 1886, p. 471. (Haiti.) Not Athene 
dominicensis Bonaparte, 1850 (West Indies), which is preoccupied by 
Athene dominicensis G. R. Gray, 1845, a synonym of Speotyto c. 
cunicularia (Molina). 

Speotyto cunicularia troglodytes Wetmore and Swales, Bull. U. S. Nat. 
Mus., no. 155, 1931, p. 41, 239. New name for Speotyto domini- 
censis Cory, not available. 

Island of Hispaniola; Gonave and Beata Islands. 


{Speotyto cunicularia amaura Lawrence 
Speotyto amaura Lawrence, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1, 1878, p. 234. 
(Antigua, West Indies.) 
Formerly found on the islands of Nevis and Antigua, West Indies. 
Now extinct. 


tSpeotyto cunicularia guadeloupensis Ridgway 
Speotyto cunicularia guadeloupensis Ridgway, in Baird, Brewer and 
Ridgway, Hist. No. Am. Bds., 3, 1874, p. 90, note. (Guadeloupe, 
West Indies.) 
Formerly occurred either on the Island of Guadeloupe or the neighbor- 
ing Island of Marie Galante in the Lesser Antilles. Now extinct. 


1 Described as a new species, apparently in ignorance of Speotyto cunicularia 
bahamensis Cory, 1891, Inagua, Bahamas. 


152 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Speotyto cunicularia arubensis Cory 
Speotyto cunicularia arubensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. 
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 299. (Aruba Island.) 


Aruba Island off the north coast of Venezuela. 


Speotyto cunicularia brachyptera Richmond 
Speotyto brachyptera Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 18, 1896, p. 663. 
(East of Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela.) 


Margarita Island off the north coast of Venezuela, and parts of the oppo- 
site mainland; exact limits not worked out. 


Speotyto cunicularia minor Cory 
Speotyto cunicularia minor Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. 
Ser., 18, pt. 2, no. 1, 1918, p. 40. (Béa Vista, Rio Branco, Amazonas, 
Brazil.) 
Savannas of the upper Rio Branco, Brazil and probably the adjacent 
parts of British Guiana and Surinam. 


Speotyto cunicularia carrikeri Stone 
Speotyto cunicularia carrikert Stone, Auk, 39, 1922, p. 84. (Palmar, 
Boyaca, Colombia.) 
Known only from the type locality in the Eastern Andes of Colombia. 


Speotyto cunicularia tolimae Stone 
Speotyto cunicularia tolime Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899, 
p- 303. (Plains of Tolima, Colombia.) 
Known only from the type locality in western Colombia. 


?PSpeotyto cunicularia pichinchae Boetticher 
Speotyto cunicularia pichinchae Boetticher, Senckenbergiana, 11, 1929, 
p. 3891. (Pichincha, Ecuador.) 
Western Ecuador (except the arid littoral) north to Quito.! 


Speotyto cunicularia punensis Chapman 
Speotyto cunicularia punensis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 
1914, p. 318. (Puna Island, Ecuador.) 
Arid littoral of western Ecuador from Bahia de Caraques to north- 
western Peru. 


Speotyto cunicularia intermedia Cory 
Speotyto cunicularia intermedia Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., 
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 300. (Pacasmayo, Peru.) 
Coast of Peru from south of Payta to Pacasmayo. 
1 Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 250 refers all Ecuadorean 


specimens of S. cunicularia not identifiable as punensis to nanodes; pichinchae 
is very doubtfully distinct from that race. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 153 


Speotyto cunicularia juninensis Berlepsch and Stolzmann 
Speotyto cunicularia juninensis Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. 
Soe. London, 1902, vol. 2, p. 41. (Ingapirea, Junin, Peru.) 
Andes of central Peru and western Bolivia from Lake Junin to Lake 
Poopo. 
Speotyto cunicularia nanodes Berlepsch and Stolzmann 
Speotyto cunicularia nanodes Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
London, 1892, p. 388, in text. (Lima, Peru.) 
Littoral of western Peru from Trujillo to the Department of Arequipa. 


Speotyto cunicularia grallaria (Temminck) 

Strix grallaria Temminck, PI. col., livr. 25, 1822, pl. 146. (Brazil, 7.e. 
Faxina, Sao Paulo, cf. Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. 
Ser., 12, 1929, p. 405, note 2.) 

Speotyto cunicularia beckeri Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. 
Ser., 1, 1915, p. 299. (Sao Marcello, Rio Preto, Bahia, Brazil.) 

Dry interior of Brazil from Maranhao and Piauhy southward through 

Goyaz and Bahia to southeastern Matto Grosso and Paranda. 


Speotyto cunicularia cunicularia (Molina) 
Striz Cunicularia Molina, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chili, 1782, p. 263. (Chile.) 
Chile from Tarapacd to Cautin; southern Bolivia; Paraguay; Uruguay; 
southern Brazil in State of Rio Grande do Sul; Argentina south to Tierra 
del Fuego. 


Genus CICCABA WaGLER 


Ciccaba Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1222. Type, by monotypy, 
Ciccaba huhula = Strix huhula Daudin. 
cf. L. Kelso, Syn. Am. Wood Owls Genus Ciccaba, 1932, p. 1-47. 
Mackworth-Praed and Grant, Ibis, 1938, p. 333-335 (races of wood- 
fordir). 
Peters, Auk, 55, 1938, p. 179-186. 
Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 668-670 (Syrnium woodfordi and 
S. nuchale). 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 759-767. 


Ciccaba virgata tamaulipensis (Phillips) 
Striz virgata tamaulipensis Phillips, Auk, 28, 1911, p. 76. (Rio Martinez, 
Tamaulipas.) 
Known only from the southern part of the State of Tamaulipas, Mexico. 


Ciccaba virgata squamulata (Bonaparte) 


Syrnium squamulatum Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 53. (Mexico; 
restricted to Tehuantepec City, Oaxaca, by Kelso, 1933.) ! 


1 This restriction cannot stand; Dr. Junge who kindly compared selected 


154 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ciccaba virgata amplonotata L. Kelso, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 46, 1933, 
p. 151. (Mazatlan, Sinaloa.) 
Western Mexico from Sonora to Guerrero. 


Ciccaba virgata centralis Griscom 
Ciccaba virgata centralis Griscom, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 69, 1929, p. 
159. (Chivela, Oaxaca.) 
Ciccaba virgata eatoni L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 58, 1936, p. 215. (Apa- 
zote, Campeche, Mexico.) Light phase. 
Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz south over Central 
America to western Panama. 


Ciccaba virgata virgata (Cassin) 

Syrnium virgatum Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1848 (1850), 
p. 124. (South America; restricted to Bogota, by Berlepsch, Nov. 
Zool., 15, 1908, p. 288.) 

Panama from the Canal Zone eastward, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela; 

Island of Trinidad. 


Ciccaba virgata macconnelli Chubb 
Ciccaba superciliaris macconnelli Chubb, Bds. Brit. Guiana, 1, 1916, 
p. 290. (Ituribisi River, British Guiana.) 
British Guiana, Surinam and Cayenne; actual limits of range not 
known. 


Ciccaba virgata superciliaris (Pelzeln) 
Syrnium superciliare ‘‘“Natterer’’ Pelzeln, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 
13, 1863, p. 1125. (Brazil, 7.e., Villa Bella de Matto Grosso on the 
Rio Guaporé, cf. Hellmayr, Abh. K. Bay. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 26, 1912, 
p. 78.) 
Lower Amazon Valley in Brazil from the Guaporé and the Madeira to 
Para. 


Ciccaba virgata borelliana (Bertoni) ? 


Syrnium Borellianum Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, 
p. 176. (Puerto Bertoni, Alto Parand, Paraguay.) 


Southern Brazil, Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. 


Ciccaba nigrolineata Sclater 


Ciccaba nigrolineata Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 1381. 
(Southern Mexico; Oaxaca substituted by Kelso, antea, 1932, p. 11.) ? 


specimens from various parts of Mexico with Bonaparte’s type in the Leiden 
Museum, writes that the type agrees in most respects with a specimen from 
Sinaloa. 

1 Replaces Ciccaba suinda of authors, not of Vieillot; see E. Kelso, Biol. 
Leaflet no. 4, 1934, p. 57. 

2 Syrnium spilonotum Sharpe, 1875, is not different; see Chapman, Bull. 
Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36, 1917, p. 254. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 155 


Southern Mexico from Oaxaca and Vera Cruz southward over Central 
America to Colombia and western Ecuador. 
Ciccaba huhula (Daudin) 
Strix huhula Daudin, Traité d’Orn., 2, 1800, p. 190. (Cayenne.) 
The Guianas, and Brazil south to Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo, west to 
the Madeira and east to Piauhy. 
Ciccaba albitarsus (Bonaparte) 
Syrnium albitarse “Gr.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 52. (South 
America, 7.e. Bogota.) ! 
Ciccaba albitarse goodfellowi Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 46. 
(North of Quito, 11,000 feet, Ecuador.) 
Humid temperate zone of Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. 
Ciccaba woodfordii umbrina (Heuglin) 
Surnium (?) [sic] wmbrinum Heuglin, Journ. f. Orn., 11, 1863, p. 12. 
(Province of Begemeder, 9000 feet, Ethiopia.) 
Forested parts of Ethiopia. 
Ciccaba woodfordii nigricantior (Sharpe) 
Syrnium nigricantius Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1897, p. 47. (Mpwa- 
pwa, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Syrnium woodfordi var. suahelicum Reichenow, in Werther’s Die mittl. 
Hochl. nordl. Deutsch-Ost-Afr., 1898, p. 272. (German East Africa.)? 
Syrnium woodfordi var. sansibaricum Reichenow, in Werther’s Die mittl. 
Hochl. nérdl. Deutsch-Ost-Afr., 1898, p. 272. (Zanzibar.) 
Forests of Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory. 


Ciccaba woodfordii nuchalis (Sharpe) 
Syrnium nuchale Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 487. (Fanti.) 


Forests of tropical Africa from Sierra Leone eastward to Cameroon and 
south to Landana. 


Ciccaba woodfordii bohndorffi (Sharpe) 


Syrnium Bohndorffi Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. London, Zool., 17, 1884, 
p. 439. (Semmio, Niam Niam Country, i.e. Zémio, on the right bank 
of the Bomu River, Ubangi-Shari.) 


Southeastern French Equatorial Africa, southern Sudan and Uganda, 
south to the Kasai district of the Belgian Congo, and probably northern 
Angola. 


1 This name barely escapes being a nomen nudum and is quite unidentifiable 
from the original diagnosis, ‘‘-tarsis splendide albis.’’ The identity of the name 
rests on the type in the British Museum and Sclater’s description and plate in 
Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 263, pl. 9. 

2 Type from Tunungua, Ukami, Tanganyika Territory, now in Zoological 
Museum, Berlin. Fide W. Meise in litt. 


156 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Ciccaba woodfordii woodfordii (A. Smith) 


Noctua Woodfordii A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 312. 
(South Africa.) 


Forested parts of South Africa north to Lake Bangweulu and Nyasaland. 


SUBFAMILY STRIGINAE 
Genus STRIX Linné ! 


Striz Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. Type, by tautonymy, 
Strix stridula Linné (Strix, prebinomial specific name insynonymy) = 
Strix aluco Linné. 

Tacitathena L. and E. H. Kelso, Biol. Leaflet no. 7, 1937. Type, by 
original designation, Strix hylophila Temminck. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 396-405; 

7, 1930, p. 378-380. 

Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p. 88-89. 

Démentiev, Alauda, 5, 1933, p. 331-334. (West Palaearctic races of 
aluco.) 

Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 60-63. 

Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 1013-1028; 3, 1922, p. 2196- 
2197; Nachtr. 1, 1923, p. 69. 

Hartert and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 5, 
1936, p. 392-395. 

Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 634-652 (in- 
cluding Scotiaptex). 

Stegmann, Journ. f. Orn., 78, 1930, p. 462-464. 

Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 32, 1924, p. 110-111. (Indo-Malayan 
forms.) 


Strix butleri (Hume) ? 


Asio butleri Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 7, 1878, p. 316. 
(Omara [or Ormara], Mekran Coast, southern Baluchistan.) 
Southwestern Asia; recorded from the mountains southeast of Jeru- 


salem, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Mekran Coast of southern Balu- 
chistan. 


Strix selo-puto selo-puto Horsfield 


?Striz Orientalis Shaw, Gen. Zool., 7, pt. 1, 1809, p. 257. (Based exclu- 
sively on the ‘China Owl” of Latham’s Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 368; 
Cochinchina designated as type locality by Chasen, antea, p. 88.) ® 


1 Replaces Syrnium Savigny of Sharpe’s Hand-list and includes Scotiaptex 
Swainson. 

2 T am not at all sure that this species is correctly placed in the genus Strix. 

3 T agree with Stresemann, antea, p. 111, note, that the ‘“China Owl” is not 
identifiable; parts of the description do not apply to the species here under 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 157 


Strix Selo-puto Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 140. (Java.) 

Strix pagodorum Temminck, PI. col., livr. 39, 1823, pl. 230. (India and 
Java; restricted to Java by Stresemann, antea, p. 111, note.) 


Southern Burma southward over the Malay Peninsula; Siam; Cochin- 
china; Java. 
Strix selo-puto baweana Oberholser 


Strix baweana Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 52, 1917, p. 184, 190. 
(Bawean Island.) 


Bawean Island in the Java Sea. 


Strix selo-puto wiepkeni (Blasius) 
Syrnium Wiepkeni Blasius, Braunschweig. Anz., no. 52, 1 March, 1888, 
p. 467. (Near Puerto Princesa, Palawan.) 


Syrnium whiteheadi Sharpe, Ibis, April, 1888, p. 196, pl. 3. (Near 
Puerto Princesa, Palawan.) 


Palawan. 


Strix ocellata (Lesson) 
Syrnium ocellatum Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 289. (Pondicherry.) 


India from the Himalayas eastward to lower Bengal and south to the 
southern Nilgiris and Pondicherry. 


Strix leptogrammica newarensis (Hodgson) 

Ulula newarensis Hodgson, As. Res., 19, 1836, p. 168. (Nepal.) 

The Himalayas throughout their length between 2500 and 8000 feet; 
the birds from northern and central Burma and northern Siam may be 
referable here. 

Strix leptogrammica indranee Sykes 
Strix Indranee Sykes, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1832, p. 82. 
(The Ghauts = Lonauli, western Ghats.) 

Southern India north to Mahabaleshwar on the west and Goomsur on 

the east. 

Strix leptogrammica ochrogenys (Hume) 
Syrnium ochrogenys Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 431, in text. (Ceylon.) 
Ceylon.! 


Strix leptogrammica maingayi (Hume) 
Syrnium maingayt Hume, Stray Feath., 6, 1878, p. 27-28. (Malacca.) 


consideration, other parts might apply to any one of several species. If the 
birds occupying the continental part of the range here outlined for S. s. selo-puto 
are subspecifically distinct, a new name is required, since none is available. 

1 For remarks on the validity of this race see Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. 
Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 233. 


158 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Strix indranee rileyi E. H. Kelso, Auk, 54, 1937, p. 305. (Khaw Nok 
Ram, Trong, Lower Siam.) 


Southern Burma, Peninsular Siam and the Malay Peninsula. 


Strix leptogrammica ticehursti Delacour 


Strix leptogrammica orientalis Delacour and Jabouille, Oiseau, 11, 1930, 
p. 406. (Pakha, 1200 metres, Tonkin.) Not Strix orientalis Shaw, 
1809. 


Strix leptogrammica ticehursti Delacour, Oiseau, 11, 1930, p. 654. New 
name for S. l. orientalis Delacour and Jabouille, preoccupied. 


?Striz indranee shanensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 56, 1935, 
p. 36. (Sintaung, 6000 feet, Shan States.) Type a cage bird. 


Southeastern China in provinces of Anhwei, Fukien and Kwangsi; 
Tonkin; northern Laos. 


Strix leptogrammica laotiana Delacour 


Strix newarensis laotianus [sic] Delacour, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, 
p. 11. (Xieng-Khouang, Laos.) 


Southern Laos and Annam. 


Strix leptogrammica caligata (Swinhoe) 
Bubo caligatus Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 218. (Formosa.) 
Formosa and Hainan.! 


Strix leptogrammica myrtha (Bonaparte) 
Ciccaba myrtha Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 44. (Sumatra.) 
Sumatra. 


Strix leptogrammica nyctiphasma Oberholser 


Strix leptogrammica nyctiphasma Oberholser, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 
14, 1924, p. 302. (Bangkaru Island, Banjak Islands.) 


Banjak Islands, off the western coast of Sumatra. 


Strix leptogrammica niasensis (Salvadori) 


Syrnium niasense Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 24, 1887, p. 526. 
(Nias Island.) 


Nias Island, off the western coast of Sumatra. 


Strix leptogrammica bartelsi (Finsch) 


Syrnium bartelsi Finsch, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 63. (Pasir 
Datar, Preunger, Mt. Pangerango, 2600 feet, Java.) 


Western and central Java. 


1 N. B. Kinnear, writes me that it is doubtful whether ochrogenys, ticehurstt, 
caligata and laotiana can be recognized. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 159 


Strix leptogrammica vaga Mayr 
Strix leptogrammica vaga Mayr, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 14, 1938, p. 15. 
(Bengkoka, northern Borneo.) 
North Borneo (Bengkoka and Sandakan). 


Strix leptogrammica leptogrammica Temminck 
Strix leptogrammica Temminck, PI. col., livr. 88, 1831, pl. 525. (Borneo.) 
Type from near Pontianak, fide Mayr supra. 
Southern and central Borneo; Billiton Island. 


Strix aluco sylvatica Shaw 
Strix sylvatica Shaw, Gen. Zool., 7, pt. 1, 1809, p. 253. (England.) 


Great Britain, and western Europe from Holland (?) and France to the 
Iberian Peninsula. 


Strix aluco mauritanica (Witherby) 


Syrnium aluco mauritanicum Witherby, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 15, 1905, 
p. 36. (Algeria, type from Les Glaciéres, near Blidah, Algeria.) 


Northern Morocco, northern Algeria and Tunisia north of the Atlas; 
Syria (?), Palestine (?). 
Strix aluco aluco Linné 


Strix Aluco Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe, restricted 
type locality, Sweden.) 


Scandinavian Peninsula north to about lat. 65° N., central and eastern 
Europe north to about lat. 61° N. in Russia, south to the Mediterranean 
and Black Seas, east to western Russia; Asia Minor (?). Intergrades 
throughout central and western Russia with S. a. siberiae. 

Strix aluco siberiae Démentiev 

Strix aluco siberiae Démentiev, Alauda, 5, 1933, p. 339. (Sokolowa, 

near Tobolsk, Siberia.) 

Extreme eastern Russia (Kungur district of Perm and the upper Ural 
River) to western Siberia as far as Tobolsk and Ishim. 

Strix aluco willkonskii (Menzbier) 
Syrnium willkouskii [sic]1 Menzbier, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 6, 1896, p. 6. 
(Transcaucasia. ) 
The Caucasus.’ 


Strix aluco obscurata Stegmann 


Strix aluco obscurata Stegmann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 47, 1926, p. 39. 
(Lenkoran, southwestern shores of the Caspian Sea.) 


1 A typographical error for willkonskit, cf. Menzbier, t. c., p. 24. 

2 By some believed to be a color variety of S. a. aluco; for varying opinions 
see Stegmann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 51, 1931, p. 117, and Démentiev, Alauda, 5, 
1933, p. 335-337. 


160 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Lenkoran district of Transcaucasia and the forested parts of northern 
Persia as far as Mazanderan. 


Strix aluco sancti-nicolai (Zarudny) 
Syrnium sancti-nicolai Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1905, p. 49. 
(Schalil River and Gamdalkal, Bachtiari region, western Persia.) 


Western and southwestern Persia; Iraq (winter). 


Strix aluco harmsi (Zarudny) 
Syrnium hdrmsi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 34. (Tchirtchik, 
Turkestan.) 
Russian Turkestan east of the western Tian Shan. 


Strix aluco biddulphi Scully 
Strix biddulphi Scully, Ibis, 1881, p. 423, pl. 14. (Gilgit.) 
Northwestern India (Gilgit, Kashmir), Baluchistan and probably 
Afghanistan. 


Strix aluco nivicola (Blyth) 
Syrnium nivicolum “Hodgson” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, 
pt. 1, 1845, p. 185. (‘“Himalaya,” 7.e., Nepal.) 
2Syrnium blanfordi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 34. (North- 
western Himalayas) ex Blanford, Fauna Brit. Ind., Bds., 3, 1895, 
p. 274. 
Strix aluco harterti La Touche, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 50. 
(Changlo hsien, 4000-5000 feet, Hupeh.) 
Strix aluco nivipetens Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38, 1925, p. 10. 
(Lichiang Mountains, Yunnan.) 
The Himalayas from Murree to eastern Assam north of the Brahma- 
putra; Shan States; occurring also in China in provinces of Kansu, 
Szechuan, Yunnan, Hupeh, Kwangtung and Kweichow. 


Strix aluco yamadae Yamashina 
Strix nivicola yamade Yamashina, Tori, 9, 1936, p. 220. (Tataka, 
Tainan district, Formosa.) 
Mountains of southern Formosa. 


Strix aluco ma (Clark) 
Syrnium ma Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, p. 471. (Fusan, 
Korea.) 
Chihli, Jehoi, Korea. 


Strix occidentalis caurina (Merriam) 
Syrnium occidentale caurinum Merriam, Auk, 15, 1898, p. 39, 40. (Mt. 
Vernon, Skagit Valley, Washington.) 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 161 


Pacific coast region of North America from Vancouver Island and 
southern British Columbia southward through western Washington and 
western Oregon to the region north of San Francisco Bay, California. 


Strix occidentalis occidentalis (Xantus) 
Syrnium occidentale Xantus, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859 (1860), 
p. 193. (Fort Tejon, California.) 
Mountains of southern California (north on the western slope of the 


Sierra Nevada to Mariposa County) south into the mountains of Lower 
California (?) } 


Strix occidentalis lucida (Nelson) 
Syrnium occidentale lucidum Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 16, 1903, 
p. 152. (Mt. Tancitaro, Michoacan, Mexico.) 
Strix occidentalis huachucae Swarth, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 7, 1910, p. 3. 
(Huachuca Mountains, Arizona.) 


Mountains of Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico and western Texas, 
south through central Mexico to Michoacdn and Guanajuato. 


Strix varia varia Barton 


Striz varius Bartram MS., Barton, Fragm. Nat. Hist. Pennsylvania, 
1799, p: 11. (Pennsylvania.) 


Strix varia brunnescens Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931, p. 94. 
(Lake of the Woods County, Minnesota.) 2 


Striz varia albescens Bishop, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 44, 1931, p. 95. 
(Atelante, Quebec.) ” 


Eastern Montana, southern Manitoba, southern Ontario, southern 
Quebec and Nova Scotia (Newfoundland?), south to eastern Colorado, 
Kansas, northern Arkansas, eastern Tennessee and the mountains of 
northern Georgia. Chiefly resident, partially migratory in the northern 
parts of its range. 


Strix varia georgica Latham 


Strix Georgica Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. xv. (“Georgia 
Americana,” 1.e. southern Georgia, ex Gen. Syn., Suppl. 2, p. 64, 
mo. 132) >. 


Coastal regions of the southern and southeastern United States west to 
eastern Texas, north to Arkansas, western Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia 
(except northern) and central North Carolina. 


1 Actual occurrence in Lower California unsubstantiated by specimens, 
ef. Grinnell, Univ. Cal. Publ. Zool., 32, 1928, p. 242. 

2 This proposed subspecies requires confirmation based on adequate series 
of breeding birds. 

3 For reasons for adopting this name in place of Strix varia alleni Ridgway, 
1880, see Kelso, Auk, 50, 1933, p. 106-107. 


162 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


?Strix varia sablei (Nicholson) 
Syrnium nebulosum sablei Nicholson, Florida Naturalist, 17, 1938, p. 99. 
(Flamingo at Cape Sable, Munroe County, Florida.) 
Known only from the region about Cape Sable, Florida. Doubtfully 
separable from S. v. georgica. 


Strix varia helveola (Bangs) 

Syrnium nebulosum helveolum Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 1, 
1899, p. 31. (Corpus Christi, Texas.) 

Strix varia albogilva Bangs, Auk, 25, 1908, p. 316. New name for Striz 
varia helveola (Bangs) supposedly preoccupied by Strix helvola Lich- 
tenstein, 1842. 

South-central Texas. 


Strix varia sartorii (Ridgway) 
Syrnium nebulosum var. Sartorii Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., 5, 1873, 
p. 200. (Mirador, Vera Cruz, Mexico.) 
Mountains of Mexico in states of Durango, Jalisco, Michoacan, Mexico, 
Guerrero, Puebla, Vera Cruz and Oaxaca. 


Strix varia fulvescens (Sclater and Salvin) 
Syrnium fulvescens Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1868, 
p. 58. (Guatemala.) 
Mountains of the State of Chiapas, Mexico and of western Guatemala 
and Honduras. 


Strix hylophila Temminck 
Striz hylophila Temminck, PI. col., livr. 63, 1825, pl. 378. (Brazil, 1.e. 
Ypanema, Sao Paulo, fide Hartert, Nov. Zool., 15, 1908, p. 288.) 
Nyctale Bergiana W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, 
p. 173. (Rio Mondaih, Paraguay.) 
? Nyctale fasciata M. and W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 
1901, p. 174. (Djaguarasapd4, Alto Parand, Paraguay.) } 
Brazil in states of Minas Geraés, SAo Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul; 
Paraguay; northern Argentina in states of Formosa and Misiones. 


Strix rufipes chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger 


Strix chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 27, 
1921, p. 1. (Fort Wheeler, Paraguayan Chaco.) 


1 Kelso, Auk, 50, 1933, p. 435-436 believes that this is a prior name for 
Strix chacoensis Cherrie and Reichenberger; the description seems to me to 
apply just as well to Strix hylophila. However it makes no real difference, since 
the specific name fasciata is invalid by reason of Strix fasciata Vieillot, Nouv. 
Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 21 (Martinique), a species never identified, and 
Ulula fasciata DesMurs, Icon. Orn., livr. 7, 1846 (1847), pl. 37 and text 
(Chile), which is the same as Strix rufipes rufipes King. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 163 


Chaco of Salta and Paraguay southward across the plains of central 
Argentina to the Territory of La Pampa. 


Strix rufipes sanborni Wheeler 
Strix rufipes sanborni Wheeler, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 
20, 1938, p. 479. (Quellon, Chiloe Island, Chile.) 


Confined to Chiloe Island; known only from the unique type. 


Strix rufipes rufipes King 
Strix rufipes King, Zool. Journ., 3, 1828, p. 426. (Port Famine, Straits 
of Magellan.) 


Southern Chile and southern Argentina from Valdivia and Lake Nahuel 
Huapi south to the Straits of Magellan. 


Strix uralensis liturata Tengmalm 


Strix Liturata Tengmalm, Kong]. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 14, 1793, 
p. 267. (Sweden.)! 


Forested parts of northern Sweden and Lapland southward through East 
Prussia, Poland and western Russia to the eastern Alps, the Carpathians 
and the Russian Government of Smolensk. Intergrades with the typical 
form in central Russia from Arkangelsk to Simbirsk and Samara. 


Strix uralensis uralensis Pallas 


Stryx uralensis Pallas, Reise versch. Prov. Russ. Reichs, 1, 1771, Anh., 
p. 3. (Ural Mountains.) 


Syrnium uralense sibiricum Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 14, 1903, p. 166. 
(Tomsk, Siberia.) Not Strix sibirica Schlegel and Susemihl, 1848. 


Forests of eastern Russia from the Kama and Volga rivers eastward to 
West Siberia in Governments of Tobolsk and Tomsk. Occurs in winter 
in central European Russia. 


Strix uralensis yenisseensis Buturlin 
Strix uralensis yenisseensis Buturlin, Orn. Mitt., 6, 1915, p. 183. (Kras- 
noyarsk, Siberia.) 
Forests of central Siberia from Krasnoyarsk to Yakutsk and Lake 


Baikal, south to the Altai and the Khangai Mountains. Recorded in winter 
from Transbaikalia. 


Strix uralensis daurica Stegmann 


Striz uralensis daurica ‘‘Sushk. in litt.” Stegmann, Ann. Mus. Zool. 
Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., 1928 (1929), p. 181. (Transbaikalia.) 


1 Dr. Herbert Friedmann has called my attention to the fact that Sher- 
born (Index Anim., sect. 1, 1902) cites Strix liturata as of Lindroth, Mus. 
Grillianum, 1788, p. 5. I have been unable to verify this citation to deter- 
mine whether the name applies to the species in question, or whether Lindroth 
is a binary or binomial author. 


164 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Eastern shore of Lake Baikal southward to the Kentei Mountains and 
east to western Amurland and Yakutland. 


Strix uralensis nikolskii (Buturlin) 
Syrnium uralense nikolskii Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 55, 1907, p. 333, 335. 
(Southeastern Siberia.) 
Southern coasts of the Sea of Okhotsk southward across central and 
eastern Amurland to the Little Khingan Mountains and Ussuriland. 


?Strix uralensis tatibanai Momiyama 
Strix uralensis tatibanai Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1927, p. 21. 
(Keton, Sisuka-gun, Sesuka Prefect.-dist., Sakhalin.) 
Island of Sakhalin; perhaps not separable from S. wu. nikolskii. 


Strix uralensis coreensis Momiyama 

Syrnium uralense iaponicum Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, 
p. 471. (Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.) Not Strix japonica Temminck 
and Schlegel. 

Striz uralensis coreensis Momiyama, Journ. Chésen Nat. Hist. Soc., 
no. 4, Jan., 1927, p. 1. (Taianzan, Korea.) In Japanese. 

Strix uralensis morii Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, Nov., 1927, 
p. 21. (Near Seoul, Korea.) 

Strix uralensts jingkou Momiyama, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 182. (Yingkou, 
Shing King Shong, Manchuria.) 

Southeastern Manchuria and Korea; Island of Hokkaido. 


Strix uralensis hondoensis (Clark) 
Syrnium uralense hondoense Clark, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32, 1907, 
p. 472. (Iwaki, Hondo, Japan.) 
Northern part of the Island of Hondo, south to about lat. 37° N. 


Strix uralensis momiyamae Taka-Tsukasa 
Strix uralensis momiyamae Taka-Tsukasa, Tori, 7, 1931, no. 31, p. 14. 
(Shinano, Hondo, Japan.) 
Central part of the Island of Hondo. 


Strix uralensis fuscescens Temminck and Schlegel 

Strix rufescens Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., Aves, 
1847, p. 30. (Japan.) Not Strix rufescens Horsfield. 

Strix fuscescens Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., 1847, 
Aves, pl. 10. (Japan; Island of Kiusiu selected as type locality by 
Hartert, antea, 1913, p. 1021.) 

Strix uralensis pacifica Kuroda. On an apparently new form of Ural Owl 
from the Pacific side of Hondo, Japan, 1924, p. 15, 16. (Kusumi, 
Ito, Province of Izu, Hondo.) 

Strix uralensis nigra Momiyama, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 48, 1927, p. 21. 
(Province of Ohsumi, Kiusiu.) 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 165 


Strix uralensis media Momiyama, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 183. (Kamatari- 
mura, Kimitsu-gun, Province of Kazusa, Hondo.) 
Western and southern part of Hondo (but not the northern coast from 
Inaba to Echizen which is inhabited by momiyamae) eastward to the 
region at the entrance of Tokio Bay; Awaji; Shikoku; Kiusiu. 


Strix davidi (Sharpe) 
Syrnium davidi Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 256. (Mupin, Szechwan.) 
Ptynz fulvescens “David” Sharpe, Ibis, 1875, p. 256 in synonymy of 
Syrnium davidi Sharpe! Not Syrnium fulvescens Sclater and Salvir, 
1868. 


Recorded only from the mountains of western Szechwan.” 


Strix nebulosa nebulosa J. R. Forster 
Strix nebulosa J. R. Forster, Philos. Trans., 62, 1772, p. 424. (Hudson 
Bay.) 
Strix cinerea Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 291. (Hudson Strait.) 


Breeds in northern North America from tree limit south to northern 
British Columbia, central Alberta, northern Manitoba and northern 
Ontario (and in the mountains to the Sierra Nevada of California, northern 
Idaho and western Montana). Winters irregularly southward through 
southern Canada to the northern United States. 


Strix nebulosa lapponica Thunberg 
Strix lapponica Thunberg, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 19, 1798, 
p. 184. (Lapland.) 


Striz barbata Latham, Index Orn., 1, 1790, p. 62. (Mountains of eastern 
Siberia.) 

Strix tridactyla Fischer, Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, 3, 1812, p. 278. 
(Between Moschaisk and Smolensk.) 


Syrnium cinereum sakhalinense Buturlin, Psovaia i Ruzheinaia Okhota, 
13, Feb., 1907, p. 87. (Island of Sakhalin.) In Russian; Journ. f. Orn., 
55, July, 1907, p. 332, 334. 


Forested parts of the northern Palaearctic region from Lapland east- 
ward to the Anadyr, south to about lat. 52° N. in Russia and south to the 
southern edge of the ‘“Taiga” of Siberia: Island of Sakhalin. In winter 
moves southward to eastern Germany, lat. 50° N. in Russia, the upper 
Yenessei valley, Transbaikalia and Amurland. 


1 This name is the result of a lapsus on the part of Sharpe which came about 
as follows: in Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 7, 1871, Bull., p. 3-14 is 
a Catalogue of Chinese birds etc. by David; on p. 4 David lists as no. 36 
“Ptynz fuscescens Bp. Moupin.” Sharpe evidently read fulvescens since he 
wrote “. . . Pére David pointed out to me that he was convinced that he had 
shot two species of Syrnium at Moupin, one of which was the true S. nivicolum 
and the other had been determined by M. Jules Verreaux as Ptynx fulvescens 
and still bore this identification in his own handwriting.” 

2 This species is almost certainly a southern representative of Strix uralensis. 


166 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Strix nebulosa elisabethae Stegmann 
Strix nebulosa elisabethae Stegmann, Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. Russie, 
1925, p. 61. (Upper Sugnur River, Kentei Mountains.) 
Confined to the Kentei Mountains in northern Mongolia. 


GreNus RHINOPTYNX Kaup 


Rhinoptynz Kaup, Arch. f. Naturg., 17, 1851, Bd. 1, p. 107. Type, by 
subsequent designation, Otus mexicanus Cuv. = Bubo clamator 
Vieillot (Sharpe, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 2, 1875, p. 225). 

cf. Kelso and Kelso, Key to Species Am. Owls, 1934, p. 16, 40. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 670-673. 


Rhinoptynx clamator clamator (Vieillot) 

Bubo Clamator Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., 1, 1807, p. 52, pl. 20. (Cayenne 
to Hudson Bay, restricted to Cayenne by Hellmayr, Abh. K. Bayer. 
Akad. Wiss., Kl. 2, 22, 1906, p. 574.) 

Southeastern Mexico (State of Vera Cruz) southward over Central 

America and South America to Peru and southern Brazil (Matto Grosso 
and Sao Paulo). 


Rhinoptynx clamator oberi E. H. Kelso 


Rhinoptynx clamator obert E. H. Kelso, Auk, 53, 1936, p. 82. (Island of 
Tobago.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Rhinoptynx clamator midas (Schlegel) 
Strix maculata Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 45. (Para- 
guay; based on “el Nacurutti chorreado” of Azara, Apunt., 1, p. 202.) 
Not Strix maculata Kerr, 1792. 


Otus midas “Lichtenstein” Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1862, Oti, p. 2, 
note. (Montevideo, Uruguay.) 


Rhinoptynz clamator mogensent L. and E. H. Kelso, Auk, 52, 1935, p. 451. 
(Concepcién, Tucuman, Argentina.)! 
Paraguay and southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) to northern Ar- 
gentina (Tucumdn) and Uruguay. 


NOTE. Otus macrurus Kaup (Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 4, 1859, p. 232. 
— Mexico), is sometimes referred to this genus, but has never been satis- 
factorily identified with any known owl. In an effort to settle the status of 
this supposed species I wrote to Dr. Alfred Laubmann requesting him to ex- 
amine the type which was believed to be in the Zoological Museum at 
Wirzburg. Dr. Laubmann however informs me that Prof. Dr. Schleip, the 
director, writes that he cannot find the type in the collection, nor is there any 
catalogue entry of it. I feel that the name is best dropped as unidentifiable. 


1 The characters claimed for this race are not present in the two topotypi- 
cal females available to me. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 167 


Genus ASIO Brisson 


Asio Brisson, Orn., 1, 1760, p. 28. Type, by tautonymy, Asio Brisson = 
Strix otus Linné. 

cf. Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 6, 1919, p. 95-98. 
Démentiev, Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 51-52. 
Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 984-992. 
Kelso and Kelso, Key to Species of American Owls [Biol. Leaflet 

no. 4], 1935, p. 37-39. 

Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 658-663 (excluding leucotis). 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 652-670. 


Asio otus otus (Linné) 
Strix Otus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 92. (Europe, restricted 
type locality = Sweden, ex Faun. Svec.) 
Asio otus turcmenica Zarudny and Bilkewitch, Izvestia Zakaspiiskago 
Muzeia, 1918, p. 16. (Tedzhen and Murgab.) ! 


Resident in the British Isles, Europe and Asia north to lat. 66° N. in 
western Europe, 58° N. in the Urals, 60° N. in central Siberia and to the 
Island of Hokkaido; south to the Azores, northwestern Africa, southern 
Europe, Transcaspia, Turkestan, the Himalayas, northern Mongolia 
(perhaps to the mountains of western China), Manchuria, Ussuriland and 
Island of Hondo. In winter migrates from the more northern parts of its 
range into the British Isles, central Europe, northwestern India, southern 
China and the southern Japanese Islands. 


Asio otus canariensis Madardsz 
Asio canariensis Madardsz, Orn. Monatsb., 9, 1901, p. 54. (Tafira, 
Gran Canaria, Canary Islands.) 
Canary Islands: Gran Canaria, Tenerife, Palma. 


Asio otus wilsonianus (Lesson) 
Otus Wilsonianus Lesson, Traité d’Orn., livr. 2, 1830, p. 110. (United 
States = Pennsylvania, ex Wilson, 6, p. 73, pl. 51, f. 3 [z.e. f. 1].) 
Resident in North America from central British Columbia, southern 
Mackenzie, northern Ontario, southern Quebec and Newfoundland, south 
to northwestern Lower California, northern Texas, Arkansas and Vir- 
ginia. Winters over the greater part of its breeding range and south to 
central Mexico, the Gulf States and Florida. 


Asio stygius lambi Moore 


Asio stygius lambi Moore, Proc. Biol. Soc: Wash., 50, 1937, p. 103. 
(Babizos, 6400 feet, northeastern Sinaloa.) 


Mountains in the states of Sinaloa and Durango, Mexico. 


1 Original not seen, so quoted by Démentiev. The Zool. Rec. for 1931 cites 
the same journal in its translated form, Bull. Mus. Transcaspien. 


168 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Asio stygius robustus L. Kelso 


Asio stygius robustus L. Kelso, Auk, 51, 1934, p. 522. (Mirador, Vera 
Cruz, Mexico.) 


Recorded from Vera Cruz, Guatemala, and Nicaragua; a specimen in 
the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy from Bogotd, Colombia, is referable 
to this form as are birds from other localities in the temperate zone of 
Colombia and Ecuador in the American Museum of Natural History. 


Asio stygius siguapa (d’Orbigny) 
Otus siguapa d’Orbigny, in La Sagra’s Hist. fis. pol. y nat. Isla de Cuba, 
3, Aves, 1839, p. 40,1 pl. 2. (Cuba.) 
Cuba and the Isle of Pines. 


Asio stygius noctipetens Riley 


Asio noctipetens Riley, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 66, 1916, no. 15, p. 1. (Con- 
stanza, 4000 feet, Santo Domingo.) 


Islands of Gonave and Hispaniola. 


Asio stygius stygius (Wagler) 
Nyctalops stygius Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1221. (Brazil or 
South Africa = Minas Geraés.) 


Brazil from the Rio Solimoés and the Rio Negro southward and east- 
ward to Matto Grosso, Sao Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul. 


Asio stygius barberoi Bertoni 


Asio stygius var. barberot Bertoni, Rev. Soc. Cient. Paraguay, 2, 1930, 
fig. on p. 243, p. 246. (Monte Sociedad, Paraguayan Chaco.) 


Paraguay; northern Argentina in states of Tucuman, Santiago del 
Estero, Chaco, Formosa and Misiones. 


Asio abyssinicus abyssinicus (Guérin-Méneville) 
Otus abyssinicus Guérin-Méneville, Rev. Zool., 1848, p. 321. (Abys- 
sinia. ) 
Highlands of Ethiopia. 
Asio abyssinicus graueri Sassi 


Asio abessinicus graueri Sassi, Anz. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturw. 
Kl., 49, 1912, p. 122. (Forested country west of Lake Tanganyika.) 


Known only from the type locality in the eastern Belgian Congo. 


Asio madagascariensis (A. Smith) 


Otus Madagascariensis A. Smith, S. Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), 1834, p. 316. 
(Madagascar.) 


1P. 31 in French ed. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 169 


Asio Chauvini Lamberton, Bull. Acad. Malgache (n. s.), 10, 1927 (1928), 
p. 40 and pl. (Forest of Varifono, one hour north of Rogez, Bricka- 
ville district, Madagascar.)! 


Asio flammeus flammeus (Pontoppidan) 


Strix Flammea Pontoppidan, Danske Atlas, 1, 1763, p. 617, pl. 25. 
(Sweden.) 2 

Otus leucopsis C. L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 413. (Sarepta.) 

Asto accipitrinus pallidus Zarudny and Loudon, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 
1906, p. 151. (West Siberie, eastern Orenburg, Turgai and Tur- 
kestan.) 

Asio accipitrinus McIlhennyi Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1899 
(1900), p. 478. (Point Barrow, Alaska.) 


Breeds in the British Isles (absent from Ireland) and in Europe and 
Asia north to about lat. 70° N., from Scandinavia to Anadyr, south to the 
Pyrenees, Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, Caucasus, Turkestan, northern 
Mongolia, southeastern Manchuria and Island of Sakhalin; in North 
America breeds from the Aleutian Islands, northern Alaska, northern 
Mackenzie and Ungava, south locally to California, Colorado, southern 
Kansas, Missouri, northern Indiana, northern Ohio and the coast of New 
Jersey; Greenland. Winters south to the Mediterranean, northern Africa, 
Palestine, Ethiopia, Aden, northern India, southeastern China, Lower 
California, Guatemala, the Gulf of Mexico and Cuba (rarely). 


Asio flammeus bogotensis Chapman 


Asto flammeus bogotensis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 
1915, p. 370. (Savanna of Bogota, Colombia.) 


Asio galapagoensis xquatorialis Chubb, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, 
p. 46. (Mount Pichincha, 11,000 feet, Ecuador.) 


Arid temperate and paramo zones of Colombia and Ecuador, and pos- 
sibly also Peru. 


Asio flammeus suinda (Vieillot) 


Strix suinda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 7, 1817, p. 34. (Paraguay 
in lat. 27°S., and Rio de la Plata. Ex Azara, no. XLV.) 


1 Based on a plumage aberration; cf. Delacour, L’Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. 
(n.s.), 2, 1932, p. 41. 

2 Replaces Asio accipitrinus (Pallas), 1771, of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 

3 K. H. Kelso in L. Kelso’s Key to Species of American Owls, 1934, p. 39, 
proposes to apply Vieillot’s name to the bird formerly known as Asio flammeus 
breviauris (Schlegel), 1863. Strix suinda had hitherto been used for a South 
American wood owl of the genus Ciccaba, but after reading Azara’s account 
of El Suind4, the sole basis of Vieillot’s name, I am convinced that Mrs. Kelso 
is entirely correct in her conception of the identity of this bird and that suinda 
must replace breviauris. 


170 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


South America from southern Peru, southern Bolivia and southern 
Brazil, southward; Mas a Tierra Island. 


Asio flammeus sanfordi Bangs 
Asio flammeus sanfordi Bangs, Proc. New England Zoél. Cl., 6, 1919, 
p. 97. (Sea Lion Island, Falkland Islands.) 


Falkland Islands. 


Asio flammeus sandwichensis (Bloxham) 
Strix Sandwichensis Bloxham, Voy. ‘Blonde,’ 1826, p. 250. (Hawaiian 
Islands.) 
Hawaiian Islands. 


Asio flammeus ponapensis Mayr 
Asio flammeus ponapensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 609, 1933, p. 1. 
(Ponapé Island, Caroline Islands.) 
Confined to the Island of Ponapé, Caroline Islands. 


Asio flammeus domingensis (P. L. S. Miiller) 
Strix domingensis P. L. S. Miiller, Natursyst., Suppl., 1776, p. 70. 
(Hispaniola.) 
Confined to the Island of Hispaniola, Greater Antilles. 


Asio flammeus portoricensis Ridgway 
Asio portoricensis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 4, 1882, p. 366. 
(North side of Puerto Rico.) 
Confined to the Island of Puerto Rico, Greater Antilles. 


Asio flammeus galapagoensis (Gould) 
Otus (Brachyotus) galapagoensis Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, 
p. 10. (No locality = Galapagos Archipelago.) 


Galapagos Archipelago. 


Asio capensis tingitanus (Loche) - 
Phasmoptynz Capensis A tingitanus Loche, Expl. Scient. Algérie, Ois., 1, 
1867, p. 99. (Harrach-Bache, near Algiers.) 
Asio nisuella subsp. maroccanus Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 1, 1901, p. 660. 
(Morocco.) 
Northern and central Morocco and northern Algeria; recorded from Lake 
Chad, Bahr el Ghazal and the Sudan; occasional in southern Spain in 
autumn. 


Asio capensis capensis (A. Smith) 
Otus Capensis A. Smith, South Afr. Quart. Journ. (2), no. 4, 1834, 
p. 316. (South Africa.) Not Scops (now Otus) capensis A. Smith, 
t.c., p. 314 = Otus senegalensis Shaw. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE FA 


Strix (Brachyotus) helvola Lichtenstein, Verz. Samml. Saugeth. und 
Vog. Kaffernl., 1842, p. 11. (Liqua River in northeastern Cape 
Colony.) 


Asio tingitanus andrewsmitht W. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, 
p. 24. (New name for Otus capensis A. Smith, supposedly not 
available.) 


Africa south of the equatorial forest north to Angola, southeastern 
Belgian Congo, and Kenya Colony. 


Asio capensis hova Stresemann 


Otus capensis major Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas, 2, 1873, Rev. Ois. de 
proie, p. 3. (Bombetok Bay, Madagascar.) Not Otus major C. L. 
Brehm. 


Asio helvola hova Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 30, 1922, p. 64. New 
name to replace Otus major Schlegel, preoccupied. 


Madagascar. 


GreNnus PSEUDOSCOPS Kavup 


Pseudoscops Kaup, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 769. Type, by monotypy, 
Ephialtes grammicus Gosse. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 674-675. 


Pseudoscops grammicus (Gosse) 


Ephialtes grammicus Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 19 and note (Tait- 
Shafton, Jamaica.) 


Confined to the Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles. 


Genus NESASIO PEtTErs 
Nesasio Peters, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci., 27, 1937, p. 82. Type, by 


original designation, Pseudoptynx solomonensis Hartert. 
cf. Peters, tom. cit., p. 81-83. 


Nesasio solomonensis (Hartert) 


Pseudoptynz sclomonensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 25. 
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.) 


Known only from the islands of Bougainville, Choiseul and Ysabel of 
the Solomon Islands. 


Genus AEGOLIUS Kauvp 


Aegolius Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw., 1829, p. 34. Type, 
by monotypy, Strix tengmalmi Gmelin = Strix funereus Linné, 1758.1 


1 Nyctala Brehm, 1828, is a nomen nudum. 


172 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Cryptoglauz Richmond, Auk, 18, 1901, p. 193. New name for Nyctala 
Brehm, 1828, not Nyctalus Bowdich, 1825, Mammalia. Type, by 
original designation, Strix tengmalmi Gmelin. 

Microscops Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 10. Type, by mo- 
notypy and original designation, Strix acadica Gmelin. 

cf. Démentiev, Trav. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sci. Leningrad, 2, 1934, p. 41-49. 

(In Russian.) 

Id., Syst. Av. Rossicarum, 1, 1935, p. 52-56. 
Hartert, Vé6g. pal. Fauna, 2, 1913, p. 995-999. 
Hartert and Steinbacher, op. cit., Erginzungsb., Heft 5, 1936, p. 389. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 624-634. 


Aegolius funereus funereus (Linné) 
Strix funerea Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 93. (Europe = 
Sweden.) ! 
Cryptoglaux tengmalmi transvolgensis Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910, 
p. 11. (Governments of Kazan, Perm and Orenburg.) 

Northern and central Europe and western Siberia, north to lat. 68° N. 
on the Scandinavian Peninsula, to Arkhangelsk, 59° in the Urals, 61° 
in the region of the Ob, south in the mountain forests to the Pyrenees, 
Alps, Balkan Peninsula, Kazan, Simbirsk, Ufa and Bachkirie; exact 
eastern limits not determined. 


Aegolius funereus caucasicus (Buturlin) 
Nyctala caucasica Buturlin, Psov. 1 Ruzh. Okhota, Mar., 1907, p. 87. 
(Kislovodsk, Caucasus.) Id., Orn. Monatsb., 15, May, 1907, p. 82. 


Northern Caucasus. 


Aegolius funereus sibiricus (Buturlin) 


Cryptoglaux tengmalmi sibirica Buturlin, Nasha Okhota, 4, 1910, p. 11. 
(Khanka Lake, Ussuriland.) 


Southern and middle Siberia from Tobolsk, Krasnoyarsk, southwestern 
Transbaikalia and northern Manchuria, south to Dzungaria, mountains 
of northern Mongolia and Ussuriland; Island of Sakhalin; recorded from 
the Kurile Islands and Hokkaido. 


Aegolius funereus pallens (Schalow) 


Nyctale tengmalmi pallens Schalow, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 109. 
(Xachka Su, central Tian Shan.) 


Forested parts of Ferghana, the Tian Shan and Tarbagatai. 


Aegolius funereus jakutorum (Buturlin) 
Nyctala jakutorum Buturlin, Journ. f. Orn., 56, 1908, p. 287. (Jakutsk 
subprovince.) 


1 Replaces Strix tengmalmi Gmelin, 1788; cf. Lonnberg, Festskr. Uppsala 
Univ. minnef., 1930, p. 245. 


FAMILY STRIGIDAE 173 


The Yakut country of Siberia between the lower Olekma and the 
Verkhoyansk Mountains, south to northern Transbaikalia. 


Aegolius funereus beickianus Stresemann 
Aegolius tengmalmi beickianus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 36, 1928, 
p. 41. (Lang-tang-shu, South Tetung Range, Kansu.) 
Northern Kansu. 


Aegolius funereus magnus (Buturlin) 

Nyctala magna Buturlin, Psov. i Ruzh. Okhota, Mar., 1907, p. 87. 
(Kamchatka and the Kolyma region.) Id., Orn. Monatsb., 15, May, 
1907, p. 80. (Type from the Kolyma River at lat. 68° 41’ N.) 

Forested parts of northeastern Siberia from lat. 68°30’ N. on the 

Kolyma, to Kamchatka. 


Aegolius funereus richardsoni (Bonaparte) 

Nyctale Richardsoni Bonaparte, Geogr. and Comp. List, 1838, p. 7. 
New name for Strix tengmalmi Audubon, not of Gmelin, Bds. Am., 
folio ed., pl. 380. (Bangor, Maine.) 

Forested parts of northern North America from central Alaska, northern 
Yukon, Mackenzie, northern Manitoba and Quebec, south to northern 
British Columbia, northern Alberta, Manitoba, Gulf of St. Lawrence and 
Nova Scotia. South casually in winter to southern Canada and the 
northern United States. 


Aegolius acadicus acadicus (Gmelin) 

Strix acadica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 1, 1788, p. 296. (North America, 

= Nova Scotia, ex Latham.) 

Nyctala acadica scotea Osgood, No. Am. Fauna, no. 21, 1901, p. 48. 

(Masset, Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Islands.) 

Breeds from southern Alaska, central British Columbia, Alberta, 
Manitoba, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia south to California, 
Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, northern Illinois, West Virginia and 
New England; also in the mountains of Mexico, south to Vera Cruz. 
Winters southward to southern California, Louisiana and Virginia. 


Aegolius acadicus brooksi (Fleming) 
Cryptoglaux acadica brookst Fleming, Auk, 33, 1916, p. 422. (Graham 
Island, Queen Charlotte Islands.) 
Resident on the Queen Charlotte Islands. 


Aegolius ridgwayi rostratus (Griscom) 
Cryptoglaux rostrata Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 4388, 1930, p. 1. 
(Sacapulas, 4500 feet, Rio Negro Valley, Guatemala.) 
Known only from the unique type; a specimen doubtless referable to 
this form and believed to have come from Quetzaltenango, formerly 
existed in the old museum at Guatemala City. 


174 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Aegolius ridgwayi ridgwayi (Alfaro) 
Cryptoglaux ridgwayt Alfaro, Proc. Biol Soc. Wash., 18, 1905, p. 217. 
(Cerro de la Candelaria, near Escasu, Costa Rica.) 
Known only from the unique type. 


Aegolius harrisii harrisii (Cassin) 
Nyctale Harristi Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1849, p. 157. 
(South America. )? 


Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela. 


Aegolius harrisii iheringi (Sharpe) 
Gisella theringt Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1899, p. 40. (Sao Paulo, 
Brazil.) 


Southeastern Brazil in states of Sao Paulo, Santa Catharina and Rio 
Grande do Sul (probably also Parand); Paraguay; northern Argentina in 
states of Misiones, Tucumdn * and Jujuy. 


ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES 
SUBORDER STEATORNITHES 


FamMity STEATORNITHIDAE 
Genus STEATORNIS Humsoupt 


Steatornis Humboldt, in Humboldt and Bonpland, Voy. Intér. Am., 1, 
1814, p. 416.4. Type, by monotypy, “Guacharo” = Steatornis caripensis 
Humboldt, 1817. 


cf. Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 653-654. 


Steatornis caripensis Humboldt 


Steatornis caripensis Humboldt, Bull des Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 1817, 
p. 52. (Caverns of Caripe, Cuman4, Venezuela.) 


Locally distributed in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela and the 
Guianas; Island of Trinidad. 


1 A. rostrata and A. ridgwayt are certainly conspecific, in fact it is quite 
probable that they are conspecific with acadicus. Until it is definitely known 
that they have an adult plumage similar to that of acadicus I prefer to main- 
tain them as a specific entity. 

2 See note under Gisella, p. 127. 

3 Dabbene, Hornero, 3, 1926, p. 395, records several specimens from Tucu- 
m4n that do not agree with either harrisit or iheringi and which he believes 
represent yet another form. 

4 Hartert cites this name as of Bull. Soc. Philom., Paris (3), 17, 1810, p. 295, 
but the earliest reference given by Sherborn and in the Preussischen Akademie 
Nomenclator animalium is the one cited here. 


FAMILY PODARGIDAE 175 


SuBORDER CAPRIMULGI 


Famity PODARGIDAE 
Genus PODARGUS VieILuot ! 


Podargus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 27, 1818, p. 151. Type, by 
monotypy, Podargus griseus Vieillot = Caprimulgus _ strigoides 
Latham. 

Micropodargus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 57. Type, by 
original designation, Podargus marmoratus Gould. 

Megapodargus Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1913, p. 62. New name 
for Cyphorhina Lesson 1843, supposedly preoccupied by Cyphirhinus 
Schoenherr 1826, Insecta. Type, by original designation, Podargus 
papuensis Quoy and Gaimard. 

cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 2-4. 
Id., Nov. Zool., 32, 1925, p. 157 (forms of ocellatus). 
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 4-50. 


Podargus strigoides phalaenoides Gould 


Podargus phalenoides Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839 (1840), 
p. 142. (Northwest coast of Australia.) 


Podargus strigoides mungi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 283, 
no. 525. (Mungi, North-West Australia.) 


Podargus strigoides dendyi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 283, 
no. 526. (Derby, North-West Australia.) 


Podargus strigoides melvillensis Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 1, Apr., 1912, 
p. 38. (Melville Island.) 


North-West Australia and Northern Territory from Derby to Groote 
Eylandt; Melville Island. 


Podargus strigoides gouldi Masters 
Podargus Gouldi Masters, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 1, 1875, 
p. 45. (Gulf of Carpentaria.) 
Podargus strigoides capensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 385. 
(Jardine Creek, Cape York.) 


From Borroloola, Northern Territory, east and north in the Cape 
York Peninsula. 


Podargus strigoides cornwalli Mathews 


Podargus strigoides cornwalli Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282. 
(Mackay, Queensland.) 


Eastern Queensland from north of Cooktown to south of Mackay. 


1 The arrangement of the Australian forms of this genus is that recommended 
by Mr. George Mack, in litt. 


176 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Podargus strigoides brachypterus Gould 
Podargus brachypterus or macrorhynchus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 
1840 (1841), p. 163. (Swan River, West Australia.)! 
Podargus strigoides rossi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282. (South 
Australia.) 
?Podargus strigoides centralia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 34. 
(Apperinna Bore, Central Australia.) 
Mallee country of northwestern Victoria west to similar country in 
inland South-West Australia. 


Podargus strigoides strigoides (Latham) 
Caprimulgus strigoides Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lviii. 
(New Holland, = Sidney, New South Wales, apud Mathews.) 
?Podargus plumiferus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1845 (1846), 
p. 104. (Brushes of the Clarence and MacLeay rivers, New South 
Wales.) 
Southeastern Queensland to south of Sidney, New South Wales. 


Podargus strigoides victoriae Mathews 
Podargus strigoides victoriae Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 282. 
(Victoria, type from Bayswater.) 
South of Sydney, New South Wales, south and west to the vicinity of 
Adelaide, South Australia. 


Podargus strigoides cuvieri Vigors and Horsfield 
Podargus Cuviert Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, 
pt. 1, 1826, p. 200. (Tasmania.) 
Tasmania. 


Podargus papuensis Quoy and Gaimard 
Podargus papuensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 
1830, p. 207; Atlas, Ois., pl. 18. (Dorey [i.e. Manokwari] Harbor, 
New Guinea.) 
Podargus papuensis baileyi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281, 
no. 516. (Cairns, Queensland.) 
Podargus papuensis conigravt Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281. 
(Waigeu.) 
Podargus papuensis rogerst Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 281, 
no. 516 A. (Cape York.) 
Podargus papuensis pumilus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, 
p. 87. (Merauke, New Guinea.) 
Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Salawati, Misol; islands in Geel- 
vink Bay: Numfor, Jobi; New Guinea; Aru Islands; Cape York Peninsula. 


1Jn t.c., corrigenda, p. 188 appears the statement ‘‘p. 163, erase the words 
brachypterus or,” indicating Gould’s preference for the name macrorhynchus. 


FAMILY PODARGIDAE 177 


Podargus ocellatus ocellatus Quoy and Gaimard 


Podargus ocellatus Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 1830, 
p. 208; Atlas, Ois., pl. 14. (Dorey [t.e. Manokwari] Harbor, New 
Guinea.) 


Western Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Salawati, Misol; islands in Geelvink 
Bay: Jobi, Mios Nom; New Guinea; Aru Islands. 


Podargus ocellatus marmoratus Gould 


Podargus marmoratus Gould, Bds. Austr., Suppl., pt. 2, 1855, pl. [8]. 
(Cape York Peninsula.) 


Cyphorina plumifera neglecta Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, p. 57. 
(Southern Queensland.) ! 


Cape York Peninsula. 


Podargus ocellatus intermedius Hartert 


Podargus intermedius Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. x. 
(Kirivina, Trobriand Islands.) 


Trobriand Islands, Fergusson Island, and Goodenough Island. 


Podargus ocellatus meeki Hartert 


Podargus meeki Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. 8. (Sudest 
Island.) 


Tagula (or Sudest) Island in the Louisiade Group. 


Podargus ocellatus inexpectatus Hartert 


Podargus inexpectatus Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 24. 
(Ysabel Island, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Choiseul and Ysabel. 


GEeNus BATRACHOSTOMUS Govu.Lp 


Batrachostomus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [17] and text. Type, 
by monotypy, Podargus auritus J. E. Gray. 


cf. Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 304-329. (Monogr.) 


Batrachostomus auritus (J. E. Gray) 


Podargus Auritus ‘‘Vigors and Horsfield” J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s 
Anim. Kingd., 7, 1829, p. 114 and pl. (No locality = Sumatra.) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Bunguran Island. 


Batrachostomus harterti Sharpe 
Batrachostomus harterti Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 323. (Mt. Dulit, Borneo.) 
Confined to the mountains of central Borneo. 


1 Mr. George Mack (in litt.) suggests that the type may have come originally 
from New Guinea or the Cape York Peninsula. 


178 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Batrachostomus septimus microrhynchus Ogilvie-Grant 


Batrachostomus macrorhynchus Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 
1895, p. 41. (Mountains of Luzon = Mt. Data, 7500 feet, ex Ibis, 
1899, p. 384.) 


Philippine Islands: northern Luzon up to elevations of 7500 feet. 


Batrachostomus septimus menagei Bourns and Worcester 


Batrachostomus menagei Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota 
Acad. Nat. Sci., 1, 1894, p. 11. (Philippine Islands; no exact locality.) 


Philippine Islands: Panay and Negros. 


Batrachostomus septimus septimus Tweeddale 


Batrachostomus septimus Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1877, 
p. 542. (Pasanaca, near Zamboanga, Mindanao.) 


Philippine Islands: Mindanao (up to 8000 feet) and Basilan. 


Batrachostomus stellatus (Gould) 


Podargus Stellatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 48. (Java, 
error = Malacca.) 


Malay Peninsula (including Peninsular Siam); Singapore, Sumatra, 
Rhio Archipelago, Lingga Islands, Banka, Borneo, Great Natuna Island. 
Batrachostomus moniliger Blyth 


Batrachostomus moniliger ‘“Layard” Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, 
1846, p. 806. (Ceylon.) 


Southwestern India from northern Kanara southward; Ceylon. 


Batrachostomus hodgsoni hodgsoni (G. R. Gray) 


Otothrix hodgsoni G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soe. London, 1859, p. 101, 
pl. CLII, Aves. (Northern India = Darjeeling.) 


Sikkim east to Assam, south to the hills of northern Burma and 
Karenni (?). 
Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann 


Batrachostomus hodgsoni indochinae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. 
Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 320. (Dak-To, 1400 met., Annam.) 


Hills of the Southern Shan States, Laos and Annam. 


Batrachostomus (poliolophus?) poliolophus Hartert 


Batrachostomus poliolophus Hartert, Notes Leyden Mus., 14, Apr., 
1892, p. 63. (Padang, Sumatra.) 


Mountains of Sumatra. 
Batrachostomus (poliolophus?) mixtus Sharpe 


Batrachostomus mizxtus Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 1, Nov., 1892, p. 4. 
(Mt. Dulit, Borneo.) 


Mountains of Borneo. 


FAMILY NYCTIBIIDAE 179 


Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann 
Batrachostomus javensis continentalis Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. 
Berlin, 22, 1937, p. 327. (Toungyeen, Tenasserim.) 
Tenasserim (also lower Burma?), Peninsular Siam south to lat. 10° N., 
southeastern Siam. 


Batrachostomus javensis javensis (Horsfield) 
Podargus Javensis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 141. (Java.) 
Western and central Java below 1600 metres. 


Batrachostomus javensis cornutus (Temminck) 
Podargus cornutus ‘Horsf.’ Temminck, PI. col., livr. 27, 1822, pl. 159. 
(Benkulen, Sumatra.) 
Sumatra, Banka, Billiton and Borneo. 


Batrachostomus javensis chaseni Stresemann 
Batrachostomus javensis chaseni Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 
22, 1937, p. 326. (Taguso, Palawan.) 
Banguey Island and Palawan. 


Batrachostomus affinis Blyth 
Batrachostomus affinis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 16, pt. 2, 1847, 
p. 1180. (Malaya.) 
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago and Borneo. 


Famity NYCTIBIIDAE 
Genus NYCTIBIUS VI£ILLot 


Nyctibius Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, p. 38. Type, by monotypy, Grand 
Engoulevent de Cayenne, Buffon, = Caprimulgus grandis Gmelin. 
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 15-17. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 583-594. 


Nyctibius grandis (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus grandis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029. 
(Cayenne.) 
Tropical Central and South America from the Panama Canal Zone to 
Peru, Matto Grosso, SAo Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. 


Nyctibius aethereus chocoensis Chapman 


Nyctibius longicaudatus chocoensis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 18, 
1921, p. 5. (Novitd, 400 feet, Rio San Juan, Chocé, Colombia.) 


Western Colombia. 


180 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Nyctibius aethereus longicaudatus (Spix) 


Caprimulgus longicaudatus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 1, pl. 1. (Rio 
Japura, Brazil.) 


Range imperfectly known, but recorded from eastern Ecuador, eastern 
Peru, Amazonian Brazil and British Guiana.! 


Nyctibius aethereus aethereus (Wied) 


Caprimulgus xthereus Wied, Reise Bras., 1, 1820, p. 236, note. (Rio 
Mucuri [Macuré], Bahia.) 


Southeastern Brazil in states of Bahia, Minas Geraés, Rio de Janeiro, 
Sao Paulo and Parand; Paraguay; recorded also from Mexiana Island 
and eastern Pard. 


Nyctibius griseus mexicanus Nelson 


Nyctibius jamaicensis mexicanus Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 260. (Metlal- 
toyuca, Puebla, Mexico.) 


Southern Mexico in states of Sinaloa, Mexico, Puebla, Vera Cruz and 
Tabasco; Guatemala; Honduras; Ruatan Island. 


Nyctibius griseus costaricensis Ridgway 


Nyctibius griseus costaricensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 
1912, p. 91. (Sarchi, Alajuela, Costa Rica.) 


Nicaragua to extreme western Panama. 


?Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway 
Nyctibius griseus panamensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 
1912, p. 91. (Natd, Coclé, Panama.) 


Panama from Veraguas southward through western South America to 
Peru. Doubtfully distinct from N. g. cornutus. 


Nyctibius griseus cornutus (Vieillot) 
Caprimulgus cornutus Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 245. 
(Paraguay.) 
Brazil south of the Amazon, south to southeastern Bolivia, the Argentine 
Chaco, Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul. 


Nyctibius griseus griseus (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus griseus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029, no. 5. 
(Cayenne. ) 
Island of Trinidad, the Guianas, Brazil north of the Amazon, ex- 
tending into northern Maranh4o. 


1 Snethlage records longicaudatus from the Rio Capim and Hellmayr lists 
aethereus from Mexiana Island; if both these identifications are correct then 
aethereus and longicaudatus cannot be conspecific unless they are migratory. 


FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE 181 


Nyctibius griseus jamaicensis (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus jamaicensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1029, 
no. 6. (Jamaica.) 
Nyctibtus jamaicensis (typicus) (Gm.) Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lief. 1, 
Aves, 1897, p. 16, part. 
Island of Jamaica. 


Nyctibius griseus abbotti Richmond 
Nyctibius griseus abbottt Richmond, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 68, 1917, no. 
7, p. 1. (Port-a-Piment, Haiti.) 
Hispaniola and Gonave Island. 


Nyctibius leucopterus maculosus Ridgway 


Nyctibius maculosus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 92. 
(Ambato, Ecuador.) ! 


Eastern Colombia and eastern Ecuador. 


Nyctibius leucopterus leucopterus (Wied) 
Caprimulgus leucopterus Wied, Reise Bras., 2, 1821, p. 227, note. (For- 
ests in the vicinity of Conquista, Bahia.) 
Coastal region of eastern Brazil. 


Nyctibius bracteatus Gould 
Nyctibius bracteatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1846, p. 1. 
(Bogota, Colombia.) 


Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador and Peru; British Guiana. 


Famity AEGOTHELIDAE 
Genus AEGOTHELES Vicors anp HorsFIELD 


Aigotheles Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, pt. 1, 
1826, p. 194. Type, by monotypy, Caprimulgus novaehollandiae 
Latham = Caprimulgus cristatus White.? 

Euzgotheles Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 52. Type, by original 
designation, Batrachostomus psilopterus Gray = Batrachostomus crini- 
frons Bonaparte. 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 9-13. 


1 According to Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, 1926, p. 273, it 
is improbable that the type came from Ambato which is in the arid temperate 
zone of the interandine tableland, but it is highly probable that it came from 
the region near Bafios in eastern Ecuador. 

2 The gender of Aegotheles is masculine. 


182 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Aegotheles crinifrons (Bonaparte) 
Batrachostomus crinifrons ‘“Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, 
p. 57. (No locality = Halmahera.) 
Halmahera and Batjan. 


Aegotheles insignis insignis Salvadori 
Aegotheles insignis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 916. 
(Hatam, Arfak, New Guinea.) 
Mountains of the Vogelkop, Weyland Mountains and northern New 
Guinea east to the Huon Peninsula. 


Aegotheles insignis pulcher Hartert 
Aigotheles pulcher Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. 8. (Mountains 
of British New Guinea.) 
Mountains of southeastern New Guinea. 


Aegotheles cristatus major Mayr and Rand 
Aegotheles cristatus major Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 814, 
1935, p. 4. (Dogwa, southern New Guinea.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Aegotheles cristatus leucogaster Gould 

Aegotheles leucogaster Gould, Bds. Austr., pt. 16, 1844, pl. 13. [= 2, 
pl. 2 of bound vol.] (Port Essington, Northern Territory.) 

Aigotheles rufescens Hall, Victorian Nat., 18, 1901, p. 60. (Derby, North 
West Australia.) Not Aegotheles rufescens Salvadori, 1896. 

Aigotheles rufa Hall, Victorian Nat., 18, 1901, p. 89. New name for Ae. 
rufescens Hall, preoccupied. 

Aigotheles cristata olivei Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 65. (Cairns, 
Queensland.) 

Aigotheles cristata melvillensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 67. 
(Melville Island.) 

Tropical northern Australia. 


Aegotheles cristatus cristatus (J. White) 

Caprimulgus cristatus J. White, Journ. Voy. New South Wales, 1790, 
p. 241 and pl. (New South Wales.) 

Aegotheles cristata murchisoniana Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 284. 
(East Murchison, West Australia.) 

Aigotheles cristata centralia Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 67. (Steven- 
son’s River, South Australia.) 

Central and southern Australia. 


FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE 183 


Aegotheles cristatus tasmanicus Mathews 
Aigotheles cristata tasmanica Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 65. 
(Prospect, near Launceston, Tasmania.) 
Tasmania. 


Aegotheles savesi Layard and Layard 
Aigotheles savesi E. L. and L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1881, p. 132, pl. 5.1 
(Tongue, near Noumea, New Caledonia.) 
New Caledonia. Known only from the unique type. 


Aegotheles bennettii affinis Salvadori 
Aegotheles affinis Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 7, 1875, p. 917. 
(Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.) 
Confined to the Vogelkop, northwestern New Guinea. 


Aegotheles bennettii wiedenfeldi Laubmann 
Aegotheles bennettt wiedenfeldi Laubmann, Orn. Monatsb., 22, 1914, 
p. 7. (Sattelberg, New Guinea.) 
Northern New Guinea from the Sepik River to Holnicote Bay. 


Aegotheles bennettii bennettii Salvadori and D’Albertis 
Aegotheles bennettii Salvadori and D’Albertis, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 
7, 1875, p. 816. (Southeastern New Guinea.) 
Lowlands of southeastern New Guinea. 


Aegotheles bennettii plumiferus Ramsay 
Aegotheles ? plumifera Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 8, 
1883, p. 21. (Southeast New Guinea, error = Fergusson Island.) 
Fergusson and Goodenough Islands. 


Aegotheles wallacii wallacii G. R. Gray 
Aigotheles wallacia G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 154. 
(Dorey [now Manokwari] New Guinea.) 
Lowlands of western New Guinea; recorded from Manokwari, Waitakwa 
River, Eilanden River; Aru Islands.? 


Aegotheles wallacii gigas Rothschild 
Aegotheles wallacet gigas Rothschild, Nov. Zool., 36, 1931, p. 268. 
(Mount Derimapa, Gebruders Range, New Guinea.) 
Weyland Mountains, west-central New Guinea. 


1 The plate is lettered Agotheles savesi. 

2 The Aru Islands bird is perhaps recognizable; the name Caprimulgus 
brachyurus Schlegel, 1866, is available for it if it is deemed worthy of recogni- 
tion. 


184 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Aegotheles albertisi albertisi Sclater 
Aigotheles albertist Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1873 (March, 1874), 
p. 696. (Atam, Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.) 


Aegothetes dubius A. B. Meyer, Sitzungsb. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.- 
naturwiss. Cl., 69, Abth. 1, 1874, p. 75. (Arfak Mts., 3550 feet, New 
Guinea.) 

Confined to the Vogelkop, northwestern New Guinea. 


Aegotheles albertisi wondiwoi Mayr and Rand 
Aegotheles albertist wondiwoi Mayr and Rand, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 
21, 1936, p. 242. (Wondiwoi, Wandammen Mountains, New Guinea.) 
Known only from the unique type. 


Aegotheles albertisi salvadorii Hartert 


Aigotheles salvadorit Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 649. 
(Astrolabe Mountains, New Guinea.) 

Aegotheles rufescens Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 36, 1896, p. 71. 
(Maroka, New Guinea.) 

Mountains of central and southeastern New Guinea: Weyland Moun- 
tains, Mount Goliath, Astrolabe Mountains, mountains on the Huon 
Peninsula, Deva Deva, Mafulu, Mount Tafa, Murray Pass, Ononge, 
Owen Stanley Mountains. 


Famity CAPRIMULGIDAE 


SuBFAMILY CHORDEILINAE 
Genus LUROCALIS Cassin 


Lurocalis Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 5, 1851, p. 189. Type, 
by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus natterert Temminck (G. R. 
Gray, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 12). 

Urocolus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., Th. 3, 1860, p. 87. New 
name for Lurocalis Cassin. 

cf. Hartert, Das Terreich, Lieferung 1, Aves, 1897, p. 22-23. 
Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 17, 1910, p. 379. 
Lurocalis semitorquatus stonei Huber 

Lurocalis stonei Huber, Auk, 40, 1923, p. 300. (Ten miles above the 
mouth of the Rio Banbana, Nicaragua.) 

Known only from the unique type. 


Lurocalis semito.quatus noctivagus Griswold 
Lurocalis semitorquatus noctivagus Griswold, Proc. New England Zodl. 
Cl., 15, 1936, p. 101. (Salamanca Hydrographic Station, Rio Pequenf, 
Panama.) 
Known only from the unique type. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 185 


Lurocalis semitorquatus semitorquatus (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus semitorquatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031. 
(Cayenne.) 
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, the Guianas, and the upper Rio Negro 
region in Brazil; Island of Trinidad. 


Lurocalis semitorquatus nattereri (Temminck) 
Caprimulgus nattereri Temminck, PI. col., livr. 18, 1822, pl. 107. (Brazil, 
Ypanema, Sao Paulo, fixed as type locality by Hellmayr, antea.) 
Brazil south of the Amazon from the Solimoés, Manaos and Paré4, south 
to Matto Grosso, Parand and Rio Grande do Sul. 


Lurocalis semitorquatus rufiventris Taczanowski 
Lurocalis rufiventris Taczanowski, Orn. Pérou, 1, 1884, p. 209. (Tambillo, 
Peru.) 
Andes of eastern Colombia, Andes of Venezuela and Andes of Peru; 
one record from Ecuador. 


GENus CHORDEILES Swainson 


Chordeiles Swainson, in Swainson and Richardson’s Fauna Bor.-Am., 2, 
1831 (1832), p. 496. Type, by original designation, Caprimulgus 
virginianus Gmelin = Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster. 

Nannochordeiles Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 374. Type, by monotypy, 
Chordeiles pusillus Gould. 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 18-21 (incl. Nan- 
nochordeiles). 
Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. i-vii+ 123, 6 pl. 
(Monogr.) 


Chordeiles pusillus septentrionalis (Hellmayr) 


Nannochordeiles pusillus septentrionalis Hellmayr, Nov. Zool., 15, 
1908, p. 78. (Maipures, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela.) 


Eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and the Rio Branco region of north- 
western Brazil. 


Chordeiles pusillus pusillus Gould 


Chordeiles ? pusillus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, p. 182. 
(“Supposed to be from Bahia’’; the type is a Bahia trade skin.) 


Interior of Brazil from Piauhy to central Bahia, western Minas Geraés, 
Goyaz and Matto Grosso. 


1 The very slight structural characters upon which this genus is based, 
seem to be of specific rather than of generic value. 


186 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Chordeiles rupestris xyostictus Oberholser 
Chordeiles rupestris xyostictus Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 
86, 1914, p. 23 (in key), p. 116. (Bogotdé, Colombia.) 
Known only from the region about Bogota, Colombia. 


Chordeiles rupestris rupestris (Spix) 
Caprimulgus rupestris Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 2, pl. 2. (Rocky 
islands in the Rio Negro, Brazil.) 
Chordeiles rupestris zaleucus Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 
1914, p. 23 (in key), p. 118. (Pebas, Peru.) 
Amazonian region of eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru and northeastern 
Bolivia, eastward into Amazonian Brazil to the Rio Negro and the Rio 
Tapajéz.} 


Chordeiles acutipennis texensis Lawrence 
Chordeiles texensis Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 6, Dec., 1856, 
p) 167. (Texas; restricted to Ringgold Barracks, near Rio Grande 
City, by Oberholser, antea, p. 104.) 

Breeds in the southwestern United States and northern and central 
Mexico from the interior valleys of California, southern Nevada, extreme 
southwestern Utah, central Arizona, southwestern New Mexico and 
southern Texas, south to northern Lower California, Nayarit, Zacatecas, 
Guanajuato, Puebla, Mexico and western Vera Cruz. Winters from central 
and southern Mexico southward over all of Central America to western 
Colombia. 


Chordeiles acutipennis inferior Oberholser 
Chordeiles acutipennis inferior Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 
1914, p. 24 (in key), p. 109. (Triunfo, Lower California.) 
Breeds in Lower California from about lat. 30° N., southward. Winters 
in extreme southern Lower California. 


Chordeiles acutipennis micromeris Oberholser 

Chordeiles acutipennis micromeris Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

no. 86, 1914, p. 24 (in key), p. 100 (Xbac, Yucatan). 

Breeds in southern Mexico (northward on the Pacific coast to Jalisco) 
and northern Central America, in states of Jalisco, Colima, Michoacan, 
Oaxaca and Tabasco; Yucatan Peninsula; Mujeres Island; Guatemala; 
British Honduras; Bay Islands (?). Winters in Costa Rica and Panama 
east to the Canal Zone. 


1 The species is attributed to Parad and Pernambuco apparently on the basis 
of specimens 0 and p listed in the Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 618. Since 
the bird has not been secured by the many collectors who have since operated 
between the mouth of the Amazon and the Parnahyba, it may safely be 
assumed that the specimens referred to are incorrectly labelled. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 187 


Chordeiles acutipennis acutipennis (Hermann) 
Caprimulgus acutipennis Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 230. 
(Cayenne. ) 
The greater part of tropical South America, except areas on the west 
coast occupied by the next races, south to Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; 
Margarita Island, islands of Trinidad and Tobago. 


Chordeiles acutipennis aequatorialis Chapman 
Chordeiles acutipennis xquatorialis Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 
67, 1923, p. 1. (Duran, Prov. of Guayas, Ecuador.) 


Tropical zone of western Ecuador. 


Chordeiles acutipennis exilis (Lesson) 
Caprimulgus exilis Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1839, p. 44. (Chile, error = 
Callao, Peru.) 
Caprimulgus pruinosus ‘‘Lichtenst.” Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 
1844, Bd. 1, p. 268. (Peru.) 


Tropical zone of western Peru. 


Chordeiles minor minor (J. R. Forster) 


Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster, Cat. Anim. N. Am., 1771, p. 18. (No 

locality = South Carolina ex Catesby.) ! 

Breeds over the greater part of Canada and the central and north- 
eastern United States from southern Yukon, the lower Mackenzie Valley, 
Alberta, Saskatchewan, west shore of Hudson Bay (Churchill), James 
Bay, northern Ontario, Quebec and Newfoundland, south to Vancouver 
Island, southwestern British Columbia, south-central Alberta, south- 
central Saskatchewan, southern Manitoba, northwestern Arkansas, 
southern Illinois, Tennessee and Virginia. Winters in South America 
east of the Andes and south to northern Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba 
and Buenos Aires). 


Chordeiles minor hesperis Grinnell 
Chordeiles virginianus hesperis Grinnell, Condor, 7, 1905, p. 170. (Bear 
Lake, 6700 feet, San Bernadino Mountains, California.) 

Breeds from Puget Sound, southeastern British Columbia, southern 
Alberta and southwestern Saskatchewan, south to southern California, 
central Nevada, northwestern Utah and western Montana. Recorded on 
migration from southern Mexico and Nicaragua; winter range not known 
but presumably in South America. 


Chordeiles minor sennetti Coues 


Chordiles popetue sennetti Coues, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 37. (50 miles west 
of Pembina, Minn. and Wharton Co., Texas = Pembina Mountains, 
North Dakota.) 


1 Replaces Caprimulgus virginianus Gmelin, 1789; cf. Richmond, Auk, 34, 
1917, p. 88-89. 


188 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Breeds in eastern Montana, North Dakota and southwestern Minne- 
sota, south to eastern Wyoming, northern Nebraska and northwestern 
Iowa. Winter range unknown but presumably in South America. 


Chordeiles minor howelli Oberholser 


Chordeiles virginianus howellt Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 
1914, p. 25 (in key), p. 57. (Lipscomb, Texas.) 

Breeds in Wyoming (except eastern), southeastward across northeastern 
Utah, Colorado (except southwestern), northeastern New Mexico, central 
Nebraska, central Oklahoma and northern Texas. Winter range unknown 
but presumably in South America. 


Chordeiles minor henryi Cassin 
Chordeiles Henryi Cassin, Illustr. Bds. Cal., Texas, etc., 1, 1855, p. 239. 
(Fort Webster, New Mexico.) 
Breeds in southwestern Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico (except north- 
eastern), western Texas and adjacent parts of Sonora and Chihuahua. 
Winter range unknown but presumably in South America. 


Chordeiles minor aserriensis Cherrie 
Chordeiles virginianus aserriensis Cherrie, Auk, 18, 1896, p. 1386. (Val- 
ley of the Aserri River, San José, Costa Rica.) 
Breeds in southeastern Texas and probably the adjacent part of Tamau- 
lipas. Winter range unknown, presumably in South America. 


Chordeiles minor chapmani Coues 


Chordiles popetue chapmani Coues (ex Sennett MS.), Auk, 5, 1888, 
p. 37. (Gainesville, Florida.) 

Breeds in the Mississippi Valley north to southern Indiana, Alabama, 
central Georgia and North Carolina, south to the Gulf Coast (west to 
eastern Texas) and the Florida Peninsula. Winters in western Brazil 
(Matto Grosso) and northern Argentina (provinces of Santiago del 
Estero and Entre Rios). 


Chordeiles minor vicinus Riley 
Chordeiles virginianus vicinus Riley, Auk, 20, 1903, p. 432. (Long 
Island, Bahama Islands.) 


Breeds in the Bahama Islands. Winter range not known but presumably 
in South America. 


Chordeiles minor gundlachii Lawrence 
Chordeiles gundlachit Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 6, 1856, 
p. 165. (Cuba.) ! 
Breeds in the Greater Antilles: Cuba, Isle of Pines, Cayman Islands, 
Jamaica, Hispaniola and Puerto Rico. 


1 Replaces Chordeiles minor Cabanis, Jan., 1856, not Chordeiles minor 
(Gmelin), 1789. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 189 


Genus NYCTIPROGNE Bonaparte 


Nyctiprogne Bonaparte, Riv. Contemp. Turin, 9, 1857, p. 215. Type, 
by monotypy, Caprimulgus leucopygus Spix.! 
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 21-22. 


Nyctiprogne leucopyga (Spix) 
Caprimulgus leucopygus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 3, pl. 3, f. 2. 
(Wooded shores of the Amazon.) 
Tropical South America from the Orinoco River eastward to Cayenne 
and south through central Brazil (west to the Rio Madeira and east to the 
Rio Parnahyba) to southwestern Matto Grosso. 


GEeNus PODAGER WaGLER 


Podager Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 277. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus diurnus Wied = Capri- 
mulgus nacunda Vieillot. 


cf. Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 22, pt. 1, 1938, p. 233-234. 


Podager nacunda minor Cory 
Podager nacunda minor Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Orn. Ser., 1, 
1915, p. 300. (Béa Vista, Rio Branco, Brazil.) 
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, British Guiana, Surinam and the Rio 
Branco region of Brazil; islands of Trinidad and Tobago. 


Podager nacunda nacunda (Vieillot) 
Caprimulgus nacunda Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 240. 
(Paraguay.) 

Eastern Peru, and Brazil south of the Amazon, east to Piauhy and 
Bahia and southward through eastern Bolivia, Matto Grosso, Paraguay 
and Uruguay to Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba and Buenos Aires) and 
casually to Patagonia. 


SUBFAMILY CAPRIMULGINAE 
Genus EUROSTOPODUS Goutp? 


Eurostopodus Gould, Syn. Bds. Austr., pt. 4, April, 1838, app., p. 1. 
Type, by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus guttatus Vigors and 
Horsfield. (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 7.) Also described as a new 
genus in Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837 (May), 1888, p. 142. 


1 This name is a nomen nudum in Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool. (4), 1, 1854, p. 139. 
2 Includes Lyncornis Gould, Aug., 1838, and replaces Eurostopus ‘‘Gould”’ 
z.e. Sundevall of Sharpe’s Hand-list. 


190 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 373-376. 
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 23-26. 
Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 219-233. 


Eurostopodus guttatus harterti Mathews 
Eurostopodus argus hartertt Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, 1912, p. 291. 
(Northern Territory, type from Newery Station.) 
Northwestern Australia, eastward to western Northern Territory and 
southwestward to Shark Bay. 


Eurostopodus guttatus guttatus (Vigors and Horsfield) 

Caprimulgus guttatus Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soe. London, 
15, pt. 1, 1826, p. 192. (Australia; restricted to Paramatta, New 
South Wales by Mathews, antea 1918, p. 227.) 

Caprimulgus argus ‘‘Rosenb.,’”’ Salvadori, Orn. Pap. e delle Mol., 1, 
1880, p. 532. In synonymy of Eurostopus guttatus. Ex Rosenberg, 
Reis naar Zuidoostereil., 1867, p. 37, where a nomen nudum. (Aru 
Islands.) 

Eurostopus argus Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 607 (in 
key), p. 608. (‘‘Australia, Aru Islands and probably New Ireland.’’) 


Eastern Australia; Aru Islands(?); New Ireland(?). 


Eurostopodus albo-gularis albo-gularis (Vigors and Horsfield) 

Caprimulgus albo-gularis Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lon- 
don, 15, pt. 1, Feb., 1826, p. 194. (‘‘New Holland” = New South 
Wales.) 

Caprimulgus mystacalis Temminck, PI. col., livr. 69, Oct., 1826, pl. 410. 
(New Holland = New South Wales.) 

Eurostopodus mystacalis victorie Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 3, 1916, 
p. 58. (Victoria.) 

Eastern Australia; New Guinea, where recorded only in winter. 


Eurostopodus albo-gularis nigripennis Ramsay 
Eurystopodus nigripennis Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 
6, 1881, p. 843. (One of the Solomon Islands.) 
Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Rendova, Kulambangra, Rubiana. 


Eurostopodus diabolicus Stresemann 
Eurostopodus diabolicus Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 103. 
(Kumasot, 250 métres, base of Kalabat Volcano, Celebes.) 


Known only from the type locality in northern Celebes. 


Eurostopodus papuensis (Schlegel) 
Caprimulgus papuensis Schlegel, Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk., 3, 1866, 
p. 340. (Salawati and the opposite coast of New Guinea.) 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 191 


Eurystopodus Astrolabe Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 
8, 1883, p. 20. (Astrolabe Mountains, New Guinea.) 

Lyncornis elegans Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 7, 1899, p. 130. (Ramu 
River, New Guinea.) ! 

Island of Salawati and lowlands of New Guinea. 


Eurostopodus archboldi (Mayr and Rand) 


Lyncornis archboldi Mayr and Rand, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 814, 1935, 
p. 4. (West slope of Mount Tafa at 2400 metres, New Guinea.) 
Col. pl., Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 73, art. 1, 1937, pl. 1. 


Known only from three specimens from the type locality. 


Eurostopodus temminckii (Gould) 
Lyncornis Temminckii Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [16] and text. 
(Borneo.) 


Lyncornis collaris Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, text to pl. [16]. 
Alternate name for temminckit. 

[Lyncornis] imberbis Temminck MS. Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, 
text to pl. [16]. Alternate name for temminckit. 

Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Banka and Borneo. 


Eurostopodus macrotis cerviniceps (Gould) 

Lyncornis cerviniceps Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [14] and text. 
(“Said to be a native of China or the adjacent islands” = Trang, 
Peninsular Siam, by designation of Robinson and Kloss, Journ. Nat. 
Hist. Soc. Siam, 5, 1923, p. 140.) 

Assam south of the Brahmaputra eastward into southern Yunnan and 

south to Burma, the Malay Peninsula to Penang, southeastern Siam and 
Cochinchina. 


Eurostopodus macrotis bourdilloni (Hume) 
Lyncornis Bourdilloni Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875, 
p. 302. (Kalland, Khauni, Travancore.) 


Confined to Travancore. 


Eurostopodus macrotis macrotis (Vigors) 
Caprimulgus macrotis Vigors, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1830- 
1831 (1831), p. 97. (Manila.) ? 
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao, Basilan. 


1 For remarks on type of elegans, cf. Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. 
A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 31, note, and Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 939, 1937, p. 7-8. 

2 Lyncornis mindanensis Tweeddale, 1878, is a synonym; cf. McGregor, 
Man. Phil. Bds., 1909, p. 342-344. 


192 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Eurostopodus macrotis jacobsoni (Junge) 


Lyncornis macrotis jacobsoni Junge, Temminckia, 1, 1936, p. 39, pl. 2. 
(Sinabang, Simalur Island.) 


Confined to Simalur Island. 


Eurostopodus macrotis macropterus (Bonaparte) 


Lyncornis macropterus ‘“Temm.”’ Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 62. 
(Celebes.) 


Celebes. 


Genus VELES Banes 


Veles Bangs, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 6, 1918, p. 92. Type, by 
original designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus binotatus Bonaparte. 


cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 167-168. (Caprimulgus 
binotatus.) 


Veles binotatus (Bonaparte) 


Caprimulgus binotatus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 60. (Borneo, 
error = Ashanti, type! from Dabocrom, Gold Coast fide Hartlaub, 
Orn. Westafr., p. 22.) 


Gold Coast Colony (where known only from the type) and forests of 
southern Cameroon. 


Genus NYCTIDROMUS Govu.tp 


Nyctidromus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [12] and text. Type, 
by monotypy, Nyctidromus derbyanus Gould. 


cf. Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929, p. 6-10. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 535-547. 


Nyctidromus albicollis insularis Nelson 
Nyctidromus albicollis insularis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 12, 1898, 
p. 9. (Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Islands.) 


Tres Marias Islands. 


Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli Sennett 
Nyctidromus albicollis merrilli Sennett, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 44. (Nueces 
River, Nueces County, Texas.) 
Lower Rio Grande Valley and the southern Gulf Coast of Texas south- 
ward to central Tamaulipas. Winters to Vera Cruz and Puebla. 


1 Bonaparte inadvertently transposed the type localities of C. concretus 
and C. binotatus, both described on the same page. For the former he gave 
Ashanti and for the latter Borneo when he should have done the reverse. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 193 


Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis Nelson 
Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, 
1901, p. 171. (Tunkas, Yucatan.) 
Nyctidromus albicollis nelsoni Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 
1912, p. 90. (Colima, Colima.) 
Nyctidromus albicollis sumichrastt Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 
25, 1912, p. 91. (Teapa, Tabasco.) 
Tropical Mexico from Sinaloa on the west and southern Tamaulipas on 
the east southward (including the Yucatan Peninsula) to Chiapas, central 
Guatemala and British Honduras; Mujeres and Cozumel Islands. 


Nyctidromus albicollis albicollis (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus albicollis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1030. 
(Cayenne.) 
Nyctidromus albicollis obscurus Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., 
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 301. (Yurimaguas, Peru.) 
Nyctidromus albicollis intercedens Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 
1929, p. 8. (Tela, Honduras.) 

Tropical Central and South America from western Guatemala and 
Honduras southward to Peru, southern tributaries of the Amazon, Maran- 
hao, Bahia and Espirito Santo; Island of Trinidad. 

Nyctidromus albicollis gilvus Bangs 
Nyctidromus albicollis gilvuus Bangs, Proc. New England Zoél. Cl., 3, 
1902, p. 82. (Santa Marta, Colombia.) 

Littoral of northern Colombia from the Rio Sinu to the Santa Marta 

region, perhaps extending up the Magdalena Valley. 


Nyctidromus albicollis derbyanus Gould 
Nyctidromus Derbyanus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [12] and 
text. (South America; Ipanema, Sao Paulo suggested as type locality 
by Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 19, 1935, p. 133.) 
Matto Grosso, Goyaz, western Minas Geraés and Sao Paulo, south- 


ward (through eastern Bolivia) to Paraguay, Entre Rios and Rio Grande 
do Sul. 


GeENus PHALAENOPTILUS Ripeway 


Phalznoptilus Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 3, 1880, p. 5. Type, by 
original designation, Caprimulgus nuttallit Audubon. 
cf. A. O. U. Check-List No. Am. Bds., ed. 4, 1931, p. 174-175. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 547-553. 
Phalaenoptilus nuttallii nuttallii (Audubon) 


Caprimulgus Nuttallit Audubon, Bds. Am., octavo ed., 7, 1844, p. 350, 
pl. 495. (Eastern side of the Upper Missouri, 7.e. between Fort 
Pierre and mouth of the Cheyenne River, South Dakota.) 


194 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Phalenoptilus nuttalli nitidus Brewster, Auk, 4, 1887, p. 147. (Nueces 
River, Texas.) 

Phalaenoptilus nuttallit nyctophilus Oberholser, Sci. Publ. Cleveland 
Mus. Nat. Hist., 4, 1932, p. 2. (Hart Mountain, northern end of 
Warner Valley, 20 miles northeast of Adel, Oregon.) 

Breeds in the transition and upper austral zones from southeastern 
British Columbia and northwestern North Dakota west to the eastern 
base of the Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada, east to southeastern 
South Dakota, western Iowa, eastern Kansas and central Texas, and 
south to Sonora, Chihuahua and Coahuila. Winters from southeastern 
California and southern Texas to central Mexico. 


Phalaenoptilus nuttallii californicus Ridgway 
Phalenoptilus nuttalli californicus Ridgway, Man. No. Am. Bds., 1887, 
p. 588, note. (Nicasio and Calaveras County, California.) 
California west of the Sierra Nevada and the Mohave and Colorado 
deserts from the head of the Sacramento Valley, south to northwestern 
Lower California. 


Phalaenoptilus nuttallii hueyi Dickey 
Phalaenoptilus nuttallit hueyi Dickey, Condor, 30, 1928, p. 152. (Bard, 
Imperial County, California.) 


Lower Colorado Valley in southeastern California, southwestern Arizona 
and northeastern Lower California. 


Phalaenoptilus nuttallii dickeyi Grinnell 
Phalaenoptilus nuttallit dickeyi Grinnell, Condor, 30, 1928, p. 153. 
(San Ignacio, lat. 27° N., Lower California.) 
Lower California south of lat. 30° N. 


Genus SIPHONORHIS ScuiatTer 


Siphonorhis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1861, p. 77. Type, by 
original designation and monotypy, Caprimulgus americanus Linné. 

Microsiphonorhis Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 37, 1917, 
p. 329. Type, by monotypy and original designation, Microsi- 
phonorhis brewsteri Chapman. 

cf. Bond, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 471-474. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 495-497. 


Siphonorhis americanus americanus (Linné) 
Caprimulgus americanus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198. 
(‘America Calidiore’”’ = Jamaica.) 
Confined to the Island of Jamaica, Greater Antilles; now supposed to 
be extinct. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 195 


Siphonorhis americanus brewsteri (Chapman) 
Microsiphonorhis brewstert Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 37, 
1917, p. 8329. (Tubano, Province of Azua, Dominican Republic.) 
Islands of Gonave and Hispaniola, Greater Antilles. 


Genus OTOPHANES BreEwstTER 


Otophanes Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. Type, by original designation 
and monotypy, Otophanes mcleodii Brewster. 
Nyctagreus Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 14, 1901, p. 171. Type, by 
original designation, Caprimulgus yucatanicus Hartert. 
cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 553-559. 


Otophanes mcleodii Brewster 
Otophanes mcleodii Brewster, Auk, 5, 1888, p. 88. (Sierra Madre of 
Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico.) 


Western Mexico in states of Chihuahua and Jalisco. 


Otophanes yucatanicus (Hartert) 
Caprimulgus yucatanicus Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, 
p. 525 (in key), p. 575. (Tizimin, Yucatan.) 


Southeastern Mexico in states of Yucatan and Campeche; northern 
Guatemala in Department of Petén. 


Genus NYCTIPHRYNUS Bonaparte ? 


Nyctiphrynus Bonaparte, Riv. Contemp., 9, 1857, p. 215. Type, by 
subsequent designation, Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi. (Oberholser, 
Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. 8, note 5.) 


Ptilonycterus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, 
by original designation, Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi. 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 39-40. (Caprimulgus, 
spp. 1 and 2.) 


Nyctiphrynus ocellatus lautus Miller and Griscom 


Nyctiphrynus lautus Miller and Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 159, 
1925, p. 1. (Pefia Blanca, northeastern Nicaragua.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


1 T cannot find on what authority Sharpe’s Hand-list, 2, p. 83 gives the range 
as ‘Sonora to Jalapa,” though it is probable that Jalapa is a lapsus for Jalisco. 

2 This genus is very close to Otophanes and differs principally in the greater 
amount of feathering on the anterior surface of the tarsus, which instead of 
being feathered only at the tibio-tarsal joint is feathered more than half way 
down the front; auricular tufts present, but not elongated or their feathers 
pointed. 


196 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Nyctiphrynus ocellatus rosenbergi (Hartert) 
Caprimulgus rosenbergi Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 5, 1895, p. x [bis]. 
(Rio Dagua, Colombia.) 
Western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador. 


Nyctiphrynus ocellatus ocellatus (Tschudi) 
Caprimulgus ocellatus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, p. 268. 
(Peru.) 
Nyctiphrynus ocellatus brunnescens Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. 
Comp. Zo6l., 81, 1937, p. 422. (Fazenda Santa Maria, Rio Gongogy, 
Bahia.) ! 


Eastern Peru, eastern Ecuador and the greater part of tropical Brazil; 
Paraguay; northeastern Argentina (Misiones). 


Genus CAPRIMULGUS Linnzé ? 


Caprimulgus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198. Type, by 
tautonymy, Caprimulgus europaeus Linné (Caprimulgus, pre-binomial 
specific name in synonymy). 

Systellura Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 97. Type, by 
original designation, Stenopsis ruficervix Sclater. 

Antiurus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by 
original designation, Stenopsis maculicaudus Lawrence. 

Setopagis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by 
original designation, Caprimulgus parvulus Gould. 

Nyctipolus Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 98. Type, by 
original designation, Caprimulgus nigrescens Cabanis. 

Setochalcis Oberholser, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 86, 1914, p. 11. Type, 
by original designation, Caprimulgus vociferus Wilson. 

Thermochalcis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 180. 
New name to replace Stenopsis Cassin, 1851. Not Stenopsis Rafin- 
esque, 1815 (Coleoptera). Type, by original designation, Caprimulgus 
cayennensis Gmelin. 

Rossornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 234. Type, by original 
designation, Caprimulgus macrurus Horsfield. 

Eximiornis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 235. Type, by original 
designation, Caprimulgus eximius Temminck. 

Nycticircus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by 
monotypy, Caprimulgus trimaculatus Swainson. 

Nyctictypus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by 
monotypy, Caprimulgus rufigena A. Smith. 


1 This proposed race requires confirmation based on adequate material. 
2 Includes Stenopsis Cassin, 1851, of Sharpe’s Hand-list, also Antrostomus 
Bonaparte, 1838. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 197 


Nyctisyrigmus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, 
by original designation, Caprimulgus pectoralis Cuvier. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 358-373; 
7, 1930, p. 370-373. 

Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Africa, 3, 1933, p. 148-167. 

C. H. B. Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 303-308 (remarks on some African 
forms.) 

Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 81, 1937, p. 423-425 
(forms of rufus). 

Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 34-61. 

Hartert, Vég. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 846-856. 

Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 12, 1929, p. 400- 
402 (forms of hirundinaceus); 19, 1932, p. 245-247 (forms of longi- 
rostris). 

Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 48, 1915, p. 587-599 (races of 
macrurus). 

Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 352-368 (excl. binotatus). 

Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 6, 1914, p. 497-535 
(Stenopsis and Antrostomus). 

Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25, 1918, p. 321-324 (races of 
macrurus). 


Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin 


Caprimulgus carolinensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1028. 
(Virginia and Carolina = South Carolina, ex Catesby.) 


Breeds in the lower austral zone from southeastern Kansas, southern 
Illinois, southern Indiana and southern Maryland, south to central 
Texas and the Gulf States. Winters in Florida, the Greater Antilles, 
Central America and Colombia. 


Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griscom and Greenway 


Caprimulgus rufus minimus Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zo6l., 81, 1937, p. 424. (Panama City, Panama.) 


Panama, northern Colombia, Venezuela. 


Caprimulgus rufus otiosus (Bangs) 


Antrostomus rufus otiosus Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911, 
p. 188. (St. Lucia, West Indies.) 


Confined to the Island of St. Lucia, Lesser Antilles. 


Caprimulgus rufus rufus Boddaert 
Caprimulgus rufus Boddaert, Table Pl. enlum., 1783, p. 46. (Cayenne, 
ex Daubenton, pl. 735.) 
The Guianas and northeastern Brazil south to the southern tributaries 
of the Amazon, Goyaz and Bahia; Island of Trinidad (?). 


198 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus rufus rutilus (Burmeister) 


Antrostomus rutilus Burmeister, Syst. Uebers. Th. Bras., 2, 1856, p. 385. 
(Brazil, restricted to southeastern Brazil by Griscom and Greenway, 
antea.) 


Matto Grosso and Rio de Janeiro, south to Tucumdn, Corrientes, 
Paraguay and Rio Grande do Sul. 


Caprimulgus cubanensis cubanensis (Lawrence) 


Antrostomus Cubanensis Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 
1860, p. 260. (Cienega de Zapata and coast of Manzanillo, Cuba.) 


Cuba and the Isle of Pines. 


Caprimulgus cubanensis ekmani (Lénnberg) 
Antrostomus ekmani Lénnberg, Ark. Zool., 20B, 1929, no. 6, p. 1, f. 1. 
(Near Jerémie, Haiti.) 
Hispaniola. 


Caprimulgus serico-caudatis salvini Hartert 
Caprimulgus salvini Hartert, Ibis, 1892, p. 287. New name for Capri- 
mulgus macromystax of American authors, not of Wagler and other 
European authors. No type or type locality specified. Mirador, 
Vera Cruz is accepted as the type locality. 
Antrostomus notabilis Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, 1905, p. 111. 
(Victoria, Tamaulipas.) 
Eastern Mexico in states of Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas and Vera Cruz. 
In winter to Yucatan. 


Caprimulgus (serico-caudatis?) badius (Bangs and Peck) 
Antrostomus badius Bangs and Peck, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, 1908, 
p. 44. (Toledo district, British Honduras.) 


Antrostomus nelsoni Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 90. 
(Chichen Itza, Yucatan.) 


Yucatan and British Honduras; Nicaragua (?).! 


Caprimulgus serico-caudatis serico-caudatis (Cassin) 
Antrostomus serico-caudatis [sic] Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 
1849, p. 238. (South America.) 
Known only from a few specimens without proper data; generally 
attributed to South America, but may not occur there. 


Caprimulgus ridgwayi ridgwayi (Nelson) 
Antrostomus ridgwayt Nelson, Auk, 14, 1897, p. 50. (Tlalkisala, 
Guerrero.) 


1 Griscom, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 64, 1932, p. 192 records this form 
from Guatemala (specimens in M. C. Z.) and Nicaragua (specimen in New 
York). The Cambridge specimens prove to be C. v. chiapensis. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 199 


Antrostomus goldmani Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 13, 1899, p. 26. 
(Mazatlan, Sinaloa.) 


Western Mexico in states of Sonora, Sinaloa and Guerrero. 


Caprimulgus ridgwayi troglodytes Griscom 
Caprimulgus ridgwayt minor Griscom, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 379, 1929, 
p. 10. (Progreso, Guatemala.) Not Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster, 
1771, nor of Parrot, 1907. 


Caprimulgus ridgwayi troglodytes Griscom, Auk, 47, 1930, p. 85. New 
name for C. r. minor Griscom, preoccupied. 


Guatemala and Honduras. 


Caprimulgus vociferus vociferus Wilson 


Caprimulgus vociferus Wilson, Am. Orn., 5, 1812, p. 71, pl. 41, figs. 1-3. 
(Pennsylvania. ) 


Breeds from Manitoba, southern Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova 
Scotia, south to northern Louisiana, northern Mississippi, northern Ala- 
bama and northern Georgia, west to the eastern border of the Great Plains. 
Winters from the lowlands of South Carolina and the Gulf States to El 
Salvador and Honduras, casually further south. 


Caprimulgus vociferus arizonae (Brewster) 


Antrostomus vociferus arizone Brewster, Bull. Nuttall Orn. Cl., 6, 1881, 
p. 69. (Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona.) 


Southern Arizona, southern New Mexico and southwestern Texas, 
southward in the mountains of northern Mexico to Jalisco and Durango. 


Caprimulgus vociferus setosus van Rossem 


Caprimulgus vociferus setosus van Rossem, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 
77, 1934, p. 408. (Galindo, Tamaulipas, Mexico.) 


Eastern Mexico from central Tamaulipas to southern Vera Cruz and 
northern Oaxaca. 


Caprimulgus vociferus oaxacae (Nelson) 


Antrostomus oaxace Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 260. (Near city of 
Oaxaca, Oaxaca.) 


Sierra Madre bordering the southern part of the Mexican plateau from 
Michoacan to Oaxaca and the adjacent parts of Chiapas. Perhaps not 
separable from setosus for which it would then be the earlier name. 


Caprimulgus vociferus chiapensis (Nelson) 
Antrostomus chiapensis Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 261. (Valley of Comi- 
tan, Chiapas.) 
Chiapas and the highlands of Guatemala. 


1 Replaces Caprimulgus macromystax Wagler not applicable. 


200 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus vociferus vermiculatus (Dickey and van Rossem) 
Antrostomus vociferus vermiculatus Dickey and van Rossem, Proc. 
Biol. Soc. Wash., 41, 1928, p. 130. (Los Esesmiles, 7500 feet, Dept. 
of Chalatenango, El Salvador.) 


Highlands of Honduras and El Salvador. 


7 Caprimulgus vociferus noctitherus (Wetmore) 
Setochalcis noctitherus Wetmore, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919, p. 235. 
(Puerto Rico, type from Bayamén.) 
Puerto Rico: known only from the type skin and from bones found in 
caves. Now probably extinct. 


Caprimulgus saturatus (Salvin) 
Antrostomus saturatus Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 203. 
(Voledn de Chiriqui, Panama.) 
Mountains of Costa Rica and western Panama. 


Caprimulgus longirostris ruficervix (Sclater) 
Stenopsis ruficervix Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 139 (in 
key), p. 140, pl. 14. (Bogota, Colombia, and Quito, Ecuador.) 
Temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia (including Santa Marta), 
Ecuador, and the Andes of Mérida, Venezuela. 


Caprimulgus longirostris roraimae (Chapman) 
Systellura ruficerviz roraime Chapman, Am Mus. Novit., no. 341, 1929, 
p. 2. (Philipp Camp, 6000 feet, Mt. Roraima, Venezuela.) 
Known only from Mt. Duida and Mt. Roraima. 


Caprimulgus longirostris decussatus Tschudi 
Caprimulgus decussatus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, 
p. 268. (Peru.) 
Arid littoral of Peru from Trujillo to Islay. 


Caprimulgus longirostris atripunctatus (Chapman) 
Systellura ruficervix atripunctata Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 
1923, p. 2. (Acobamba, 10,000 feet, Junin, Peru.) 
Andes of Peru, Bolivia and northern Chile. 


Caprimulgus longirostris bifasciatus Gould 
Caprimulgus bifasciatus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 22. 
(No locality given, but type from Valparaiso, Chile.) 
Chile from Coquimbo to the Guaitecas Islands. 


Caprimulgus longirostris longirostris Bonaparte 
Caprimulgus longirostris Bonaparte, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 
pt. 2, 1825, p. 384. (South America.) 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 201 


The greater part of Argentina south to Chubut, migratory at least in 
the southern half of its range. The range given for this species usually 
includes southern Brazil and Paraguay, but I can find no published records 
for either of these countries, nor for Uruguay and southern Bolivia where 
it could reasonably be expected to occur. 


Caprimulgus cayennensis albicauda (Lawrence) 
Stenopsis albicauda Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 11, 1875, 
p. 89. (Talamanca, Costa Rica.) 
Costa Rica, Panama and northern Colombia east to the Santa Marta 
region. 


Caprimulgus cayennensis apertus nomen nov. 


Stenopsis cayennensis monticola Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 
33, 1914, p. 172. (San Antonio, 6600 feet, Western Andes above 
Cali, Colombia.) Not Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, 1831. 


Subtropical zone of the Western Andes of Colombia. 


Caprimulgus cayennensis insularis (Richmond) 
Stenopsis cayennensis insularis Richmond, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 15, 
1902, p. 159. (Curacao.) 
Islands of Curagao and Bonaire; Margarita Island; northern coast of 
Venezuela (?). 


?Caprimulgus cayennensis leopetes Jardine and Selby 
Caprimulgus leopetes Jardine and Selby, Ill. Orn., 2, 1830, pl. 87 and 
text. (Tobago.) 
Stenopsis tobagensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 21, 1908, p. 195. 
(Tobago.) 
Islands of Trinidad and Tobago; doubtfully distinct from C. c. cayen- 
nensis. 


Caprimulgus cayennensis cayennensis Gmelin 
Caprimulgus cayennensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031. 
(Cayenne. ) 
Eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, the Guianas and doubtless 
adjacent parts of northern Brazil. 


Caprimulgus (cayennensis?) candicans (Pelzeln) 
Stenopsis candicans Pelzeln in Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866 
(1867), p. 588. (Irisanga, Sao Paulo.) 
Central Brazil in states of Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; Paraguay. 


Caprimulgus maculicaudus (Lawrence) 
Stenopsis maculicaudus Lawrence, Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., 7, 1862, 
p. 459. (Pard.) 


202 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Stenopsis platura Pelzeln in Sclater, Proc. Zool, Soc. London, 1866 
(1867), p. 589. (Ypanema, Sao Paulo) = yg. 9°. 


Antiurus maculicaudatus [sic] romainei Carriker, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 
Phila., 87, 1935, p. 320. (Chatarona, near Reyes, Beni, Bolivia.) ! 


Recorded from Bogotdé, Colombia (trade skins), British Guiana, Suri- 
nam, southeastern Peru, northeastern Bolivia, and Brazil in states of Ama- 
zonas, Pard and Sao Paulo. 


Caprimulgus parvulus anthonyi (Chapman) 
Setopagis anthonyi Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 67, 1923, p. 4. 
(Portovelo, 2400 feet, Ecuador.) 


Western Ecuador. 


Caprimulgus parvulus heterurus (Todd) 
Setopagis heterurus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 28, 1915, p. 81. (La 
Tigrera, Santa Marta, Colombia.) 
Santa Marta region of northern Colombia. 


Caprimulgus parvulus parvulus Gould 
Caprimulgus parvulus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837, p. 22. 
(No locality given, but type from near Santa Fé, Rio Parand, Argen- 
tina.) 
South America south of the Amazon and west to eastern Peru, south to 
Argentina (provinces of Cérdoba and Buenos Aires) and Uruguay. 


Caprimulgus maculosus (Todd) 


Nyctipolus maculosus Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 33, 1920, p. 74. 
(Tamanoir, Cayenne.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Caprimulgus nigrescens nigrescens Cabanis 


Caprimulgus nigrescens Cabanis, in Schomburgk, Reisen Brit. Guiana, 
3, 1848, p. 710. (Lower Essequibo River, British Guiana.) 


Nyctipolus nigrescens duidae Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zool., 81, 1987, p. 423. (Valle de los Monos, 725 feet, Mt. Duida, 
Venezuela.) ? 


Eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, southern Venezuela, 
the Guianas and the greater part of Amazonian Brazil south to the 


1 While romainei, described from a single adult male, may well be a valid 
form, it was compared only with specimens from Para and without reference 
to “platura’” or to specimens from other parts of the rather extensive range 
of the species. Until suitable series from all parts of the range can be critically 
compared, romainei is best placed in synonymy. 

2 The characters given for duidae in the original description are also apparent 
in some specimens of nigrescens from the coast of Surinam. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 203 


southern tributaries of the Amazon (Rios Madeira, Roosevelt, Tapajéz 
and Tocantins), and extending eastward into the forest region of northern 
Maranhao. 


Caprimulgus nigrescens whitelyi (Salvin) 


Antrostomus whitelyi Salvin, Ibis, 1885, p. 438. (Mt. Roraima, 3500 
feet, British Guiana.) 


Known only from Mt. Roraima. 


Caprimulgus hirundinaceus cearae (Cory) 


Nyctipolus hirundinaceus cearae Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., 
Zool. Ser., 12, 1917, p. 4. (Quixada, Ceard, Brazil.) 


Eastern Brazil from Ceara to extreme northern Bahia. 


Caprimulgus hirundinaceus hirundinaceus Spix 
Caprimulgus hirundinaceus Spix, Av. Bras., 2, 1825, p. 2, pl. 3, f. 1. 


(Rio Solimoés, error = Feira de Sant’ Anna, Bahia, cf. Hellmayr, 
antea, 1929, p. 400.) 


Caprimulgus hirundinaceus crissalis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., 
Orn. Ser., 1, 1915, p. 301. (Rio de Peixe, near Queimados, Bahia.) 


Eastern Brazil from southern Piauhy (Parnagudé) southeastward across 
Bahia to Sao Salvador (formerly called City of Bahia). 


Caprimulgus ruficollis ruficollis Temminck 
Caprimulgus ruficollis Temminck, Man. d’Orn., ed. 2, 1, 1820, p. 488. 
(Algeciras, Spain.) 


Breeds in Portugal, southern Spain and Morocco. Winter quarters not 
known. 


Caprimulgus ruficollis desertorum Erlanger 


Caprimulgus ruficollis desertorum Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, 
p. 521, pl. 11, upper f. (Tunisia; no holotype designated; the specimen 
figured is from Djebel el Meda, near Gabes.) 


Breeds in Algeria and Tunisia. Recorded as a migrant in the southern 
Sahara, but winter range not known. 


Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear 


Caprimulgus indicus hazarae Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay 
Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 37. (Abbottabad, Hazara, Himalayas.) 


The Himalayas from Simla and Mussorrie to Assam and Yunnan; 
Burma and the Malay Peninsula. 


Caprimulgus indicus indicus Latham 
Caprimulgus indicus Latham, Index Orn., 2, 1790, p. 588. (India.) 
India south of the Himalayas. 


204 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus indicus kelaarti Blyth 
Caprimulgus Kelaarti Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 20, 1851 (1852), 
p. 175. (Ceylon.) 
Ceylon. 


Caprimulgus indicus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel 


Caprimulgus jotaka Temminck and Schlegel, in Siebold’s Fauna Jap., 
Aves, 1847, p. 37, pl. 12 ¢, pl. 13 9. (Japan.) 

Caprimulgus innominata [sic] Hume, Stray Feath., 3, 1875, p. 318, note. 
(Near Mergui, Tenasserim.) 

Breeds in southeastern Siberia to Amur and Ussuriland south to Kansu, 
Manchuria and northern Chihli; mountains of northwestern Fukien; 
islands of Hokkaido, Hondo and Shikoku. Migrates through eastern 
China and winters in southern China, Indochina, the Malay Peninsula, 
Sumatra, Java and Borneo. 


Caprimulgus indicus phalaena Hartlaub and Finsch 


Caprimulgus phalena Hartlaub and Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 
1872, p. 91. (Palau Islands.) 


Palau Islands. 


Caprimulgus europaeus europaeus Linné 


Caprimulgus europeus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 198. 
(Europe, restricted type locality, Sweden, ex Fauna Suec.) 

Breeds in the greater part of northern and central Europe (including 
the British Isles) north to lat. 63° N. in Scandinavia, southern Finland 
and Arkhangelsk, east to the Urals and south to southern Europe where 
it meets the next race. Winters in tropical Africa and occurs as far south 
as Cape Province. 


Caprimulgus europaeus meridionalis Hartert 
Caprimulgus europxus meridionalis Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 370, in text. 
(Southern Europe and northwestern Africa; type from Parnassus, 
Greece.) 


Caprimulgus europaeus severzowi Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, 
p. 166, in text. (Eastern Persia.) 
Breeds in Spain, parts of Italy, the Balkan Peninsula, southern Russia, 
the Caucasus, Asia Minor, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia; islands of 
Corsica, Sardinia and Crete. Winters in western tropical Africa. 


Caprimulgus europaeus sarudnyi Hartert 


Caprimulgus europaeus sarudnyt Hartert, Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, 
p. 849. (Tarbagatai Mountains.) 

Breeds in western Siberia from the Ural Mountains east to Trans- 
baikalia, south to the lower Ural River, delta of the Syr Darya, Tarbagatai, 
the Altai and the Kentei Mountains. Migrates through western Turkestan; 
winter quarters not definitely known. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 205 


Caprimulgus europaeus unwini Hume 


Caprimulgus unwini Hume, Ibis, 1871, p. 406. (Agrore Valley and the 
neighborhood of Abbottabad. The specimens listed as types in the 
Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. are from the former locality.) 


Caprimulgus nauta Lonnberg, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 39. (At sea, 
off Aden, Arabia.) 4 


Breeds in southwestern Asia, south of the range of sarudnyi, from the 
eastern shores of the Caspian Sea east to Kuldja and the Khangai Moun- 
tains, south to eastern Persia, Baluchistan, Sind, the Punjab and the 
Saissan Depression. Winters in northwestern India and in eastern Africa 
from the Egyptian Sudan to Natal. 


Caprimulgus europaeus plumipes Przewalski 


Caprimulgus plumipes Przewalski, Mongol. i Strana Tangut., 2, 1876, 
p. 22. (Northern bend of the Huang Ho.) 


Caprimulgus europaeus angert Zarudny, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 165. 
(Tashkent, Turkestan.) 


Deserts of eastern Turkestan. 


Caprimulgus aegyptius aegyptius Lichtenstein 
Caprimulgus aegyptius Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 
1823, p. 59. (Upper Egypt.) 


Breeds in Transcaspia, the desert areas of Turkestan, Afghanistan, 
Baluchistan, eastern and southern Persia, Iraq, northern Egypt and 
Nubia. Migratory in the Asiatic part of its range; winters in Egypt and 
the Sudan. 


Caprimulgus aegyptius saharae Erlanger 


Caprimulgus aegyptius saharae Erlanger, Journ. f. Orn., 47, 1899, p. 525, 
pl. 12, upper f. (Oued Beshima, Tunisia.) 


Resident in the northern Sahara from Algeria to the Nile. 


Caprimulgus mahrattensis Sykes 


Caprimulgus M ahrattensis Sykes, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1832, 
p. 83. (Mahrattas.) 


Afghanistan, Baluchistan, Sind and northwestern India. 


Caprimulgus nubicus tamaricis Tristram 


Caprimulgus tamaricis Tristram, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1864, p. 170, 
430. (Dead Sea depression, Palestine.) 


From the Dead Sea depression in Palestine southeastward along the 
Arabian coast of the Red Sea to the Aden Protectorate. 


1 Cf. Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 21. 


206 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus nubicus nubicus Lichtenstein 


Caprimulgus nubicus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, 
p. 59. (Nubia.) 


Berber and Dongola Provinces of the Egyptian Sudan. 


Caprimulgus nubicus torridus Lort Phillips 


Caprimulgus torridus Lort Phillips, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 8, 1898, p. xxiii. 
(Eyk, Haud Plateau, Somaliland.) 


Somaliland. 


Caprimulgus nubicus taruensis van Someren 


Caprimulgus nubicus taruensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 
1919, p. 25. (Tsavo, Kenya Colony.) 


Desert region between Kilimanjaro and Tsavo. 


Caprimulgus nubicus jonesi Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes 
Caprimulgus jonest Ogilvie-Grant and Forbes, Bull. Liverpool Mus., 2, 
1899, p. 3. (Dimichiro Valley, Garieh Plain, Socotra Island.) 


Socotra Island. 


Caprimulgus eximius simplicior Hartert 
Caprimulgus eximius simplicior Hartert, Nov. Zool., 28, 1921, p. 109. 
(Zinder and Damergu, French West Africa; type from Zinder.) 


Driest parts of French West Africa from Air south to Damergu, perhaps 
extending further westward. 


Caprimulgus eximius eximius Temminck 
Caprimulgus eximius “Rupp.” Temminck, Pl. col., livr. 67, 1826, pl. 
398. (Sennar.) 
Darfur through Kordofan to the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Shendi). 


Caprimulgus madagascariensis aldabrensis Ridgway 
Caprimulgus aldabrensis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 17, 1894, 
p. 373. (Aldabra Island.) 
Aldabra Island. 
Caprimulgus madagascariensis madagascariensis Sganzin 
Caprimulgus Madagascariensis Sganzin, Mém. Soc. Mus. Hist. Nat. 
Strasbourg, 3, 1840, p. 28. (Sainte Marie, Madagascar.) 
Madagascar. 


Caprimulgus macrurus albonotatus Tickell 
Caprimulgus Albonotatus Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, 
p. 580. (Dampara, Dholbhum, Bengal.) 
Caprimulgus nepalensis Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 540. 
(Ex Hodgson MS., a nomen nudum cited in synonymy of C. albono- 
tatus by Hodgson in Zool. Misc., 1844, p. 82.) 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 207 


Caprimulgus macrourus hodgsoni Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 
2, Bds., 7, 1930, p. 372. New name for Caprimulgus nepalensis 
Hartert, not available. 

Northern India, east to Assam and south to the United Provinces. 


Caprimulgus macrurus atripennis Jerdon 
Caprimulgus atripennis Jerdon, Illustr. Indian Orn., 1845, pl. 24. (Hast- 
ern Ghats to west of Nellore.) 
Southern India. 


?Caprimulgus macrurus ambiguus Hartert 
Caprimulgus macrurus ambiguus Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 373. (Malay 
Peninsula, Burma, Assam and the eastern Himalayas. Restricted to 
southern Tenasserim by Kloss, Ibis, 1918, p. 95-96.) 
Burma and southern Yunnan, south to Tenasserim, Peninsular Siam, 
Siam, and Cochinchina. Doubtfully distinct from C. m. bimaculatus. 


Caprimulgus macrurus bimaculatus Peale 
Caprimulgus bimaculatus Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 170. 
(Singapore.) 
Caprimulgus macrurus anamesus Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 
48, 1915, p. 593. (Tanjongkalong, Sinapore Island.) 
Malay Peninsula from Penang southward; Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago. 


Caprimulgus macrurus andamanicus Hume 
Caprimulgus andamanicus Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 
1873, p. 470. (Jolly Boys Island, Andaman Islands.) 


Andaman Islands. 


Caprimulgus macrurus macrurus Horsfield 
Caprimulgus macrurus Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 
1821, p. 142. (Java.) 
Ceylon?! Java, Bali, Borneo, Banguey Island; Palawan and Cala- 
mianes.? 


Caprimulgus macrurus hainanus Mayr 
Caprimulgus macrurus hainanus Mayr, Ibis, 1938, p. 310. (Cheteriang, 
Hainan.) 
Hainan. 


1 Whistler and Kinnear, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 36, 
are unable to distinguish between specimens from Ceylon and those from Java, 
but cf. Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 371-372. 

2 Birds from Borneo and the Palawan group may be separable under the 
name of Caprimulgus salvadorii Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875, p. 99, 
pl. 22, f. 1. (Labuan Island.) 


208 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus macrurus manillensis Walden 


Caprimulgus manillensis Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 9, pt. 2, 
1875, p. 159. (Manila, ex G. R. Gray, List Bds. Brit. Mus., Fissi- 
rostres, 1848, p. 7, where a nomen nudum.) 


Philippine Islands generally, except Mindanao and the Palawan 
group. 
?Caprimulgus macrurus delacouri Hachisuka 


Caprimulgus macrurus Delacouri Hachisuka, Ois. et Rev. Frang. d’Orn. 
(n.s.), 1, 1931, p. 471. (Sigaboy, Prov. of Cotabato, Mindanao.) 


Confined to the Island of Mindanao, Philippine Islands. Requires 
confirmation. 


Caprimulgus macrurus celebensis Ogilvie-Grant 
Caprimulgus celebensis Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1894, p. 519. (Celebes.) 
Celebes; Wetar Island (?). 


Caprimulgus macrurus oberholseri Rothschild and Hartert 


Caprimulgus macrurus oberholseri Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 
25, 1918, p. 322. (1500 feet on Lombok.) 


Lombok, Sumbawa, Djampea and Saleyer. 


Caprimulgus macrurus mesophanis Oberholser 


Caprimulgus macrurus mesophanis Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 
48, 1915, p. 590. (Amboina.) 


Southern Moluccas: Obi, Buru, Amboina, Ceram and Ceramlaut. 


Caprimulgus macrurus kuehni Rothschild and Hartert 


Caprimulgus macrurus kuehni Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25, 
1918, p. 322. (Tual, Little Kei Island.) 


Babar; Tenimber Islands; Kei Islands. 


Caprimulgus macrurus schillmolleri Stresemann 


Caprimulgus macrurus schillméllert Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 
1931, p. 170. (Gamkonora, Halmahera.) 


Halmahera and probably also the other northern Moluccas; western 
Papuan Islands: Waigeu, Batanta. 


Caprimulgus macrurus yorki Mathews 
Caprimulgus macrurus yorki Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 291, 
no. 568. (Cape York.) 
Caprimulgus macrurus keatsi Mathews, Nov. Zool., 18, Jan., 1912, p. 291, 
no. 569. (Point Keats, Northern Territory.) 
Caprimulgus macrurus albolaxatus Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 
25, April, 1918, p. 323. (Vulcan Island.) 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 209 


Rossornis macrurus coincidens Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, August, 1918, 
p. 241. (Cairns, Queensland.) 


Rossornis macrurus rogersi Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, August, 1918, 
p. 242. (Melville Island.) 


Rossornis macrurus aruensis Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 242. 
(Aru Islands.) 


New Britain, Rook Island, Long Island, Vulcan Island, Dampier 
Island, New Guinea,! Aru Islands, and northern tropical Australia. 


Caprimulgus macrurus meeki Rotuschild and Hartert 


Caprimulgus macrurus meeki Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 25, 
1918, p. 8321. (Sudest Island.) 


Known only from Tagula [Sudest] Island in the Louisiade Archipelago. 


Caprimulgus pectoralis nigriscapularis Reichenow 
Caprimulgus nigriscapularis Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 1, 1893, p. 31. 
(Songa, west of Lake Albert.) 
Caprimulgus claudi Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 47. 
(Ubangi River.) 
Portuguese Guinea, Nigeria, Ubangi-Shari and the lower Congo east- 
ward to the Uganda forest region and the north shore of Lake Tanganyika. 


Caprimulgus pectoralis fervidus Sharpe 


Caprimulgus fervidus Sharpe, in Layard’s Bds. So. Afr., new ed., 1875, 
p. 86. (Damaraland.) 


Angola eastward through the southern Belgian Congo and Rhodesia to 
Nyasaland, south to Ovampoland and Natal. Extends northward to 
Kilosa and the Kondoa district in central Tanganyika Territory. 


Caprimulgus pectoralis pectoralis Cuvier 
Caprimulgus pectoralis Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 1817 (1816), p. 376, 
note 2. (Africa, based entirely on Levaillant, pl. 49 = Knysna, Cape 
Province.) 


Southern and coastal districts of Cape Province north to Namaqualand 
and Natal. 


Caprimulgus rufigena fraenatus Salvadori 


Caprimulgus fraenatus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 21, 1884, 
p. 118. (Daimbi, Shoa.) 


Eritrea, northern Ethiopia and Somaliland south through Kenya Colony 
to the Kilimanjaro region. 


1 Cf. Mayr and Rand, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 73, 1937, p. 74-75. 


210 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


?Caprimulgus rufigena keniensis van Someren 
Caprimulgus keniensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 25. 
(North of Mt. Kenia.) 
Known only from the type. Doubtfully distinct from fraenatus.} 


?Caprimulgus rufigena quanzae Bowen 
Caprimulgus rufigena quanze Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82, 
1930, p. 1. (Villa General Machado, Quanza River valley, Angola.) 
Angola. Doubtfully distinct from C. r. rufigena. 


Caprimulgus rufigena rufigena A. Smith 
Caprimulgus rufigena A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. So. Afr., 1845, Aves, pl. 
100 and text. (Eastern districts of Cape Colony.) 
Breeds in South Africa north to the Cunene River and Southern Rho- 
desia. Recorded as an ‘‘off season” migrant in Ashanti, Nigeria, Cameroon 
and Darfur. 


Caprimulgus donaldsoni Sharpe 
Caprimulgus donaldsoni Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 4, 1895, p. xxix. 
(Somaliland to the Galla country; type from Hargeissa.) 
Western and southern Somaliland south to southern Kenya Colony. 


Caprimulgus poliocephalus poliocephalus Riippell 

Caprimulgus poliocephalus Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vogel, 1840, 
p. 106. (Kulla, Ethiopia.) 

Caprimulgus palmquisti Sjéstedt, in Sjéstedt’s Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. 
Zool. Exped. Kilimandjaro, Meru, etc., 1, Abt. 3, 1908, p. 101, pl. 1. 
(Kibonoto, Mt. Kilimanjaro.) 

Ethiopia and the inland parts of Kenya Colony and northern Tan- 

ganyika Territory. 


Caprimulgus poliocephalus ruwenzorii Ogilvie-Grant 
Caprimulgus ruwenzorii Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 28, 1908, 
p. 94. (Mubuku Valley, 9000 feet, Mt. Kuwenzori.) 
Central Africa in the region of Mt. Ruwenzori, the Kivu district and 
northwest of Lake Tanganyika. 


Caprimulgus poliocephalus guttifer Grote 
Caprimulgus pectoralis guttifer Grote, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 125. 
(Mlalo, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Tanganyika Territory from Njombe in the south-central part to the 
Usambara Mountains in the northeastern part. 


1 See Hartert, Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 401. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 211 


Caprimulgus poliocephalus koesteri Neumann 


Caprimulgus koesteri Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 79, 1931, p. 550. (Lum- 
bale, Bailundu, Benguella.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Caprimulgus asiaticus asiaticus Latham 


Caprimulgus asiaticus Latham, Index Orn., 2, 1790, p. 588. (India, = 
Bombay.) 
Plains of India and Burma; southern Siam and southern Indochina. 


Caprimulgus asiaticus eidos nomen nov. 


Caprimulgus asiaticus minor Parrot, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 170. 
(Vavuniya, northern Ceylon.) Not Caprimulgus minor J. R. Forster. 


Ceylon. 


Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensis deSchauensee 


Caprimulgus asiaticus siamensts deSchauensee, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 
Phila., 85, 1934, p. 373. (Chieng Mai, Siam.) 


Northern Siam. 


Caprimulgus natalensis accrae Shelley 


Caprimulgus accre Shelley, Ibis, 1875, p. 379. (Accra, Gold Coast 
Colony.) 


Recorded from Liberia, Gold Coast and extreme western Cameroon. 


Caprimulgus natalensis chadensis Alexander 


Caprimulgus chadensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 90. 
(Lake Chad.) 
Caprimulgus Ugandae Madardsz, Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 18, 1915, 
p. 394. (Mujenje, Uganda.) 3 
Lake Chad eastward to the White Nile and south to the Uelle district, 
Mount Ruwenzori and Uganda. 


Caprimulgus natalensis gabonensis Alexander 


Caprimulgus gabonensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 90. 
(Gaboon.) 


Savannas of Gaboon south to the lower Congo and east to the middle 
Congo. 


Caprimulgus natalensis fulviventris Hartlaub 


Caprimulgus fulviventris Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 102. 
(Bembe, Angola.) 


Known only from the type. 


1 Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1931, p. 57-58, after an examination of 
the types of ugandae, finds them identical with chadensis. 


212 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus natalensis natalensis A. Smith 


Caprimulgus natalensis A. Smith, Ilustr. Zool. S. Afr., 1845, Aves, pl. 99 
and text. (Port Natal, i.e. Durban, Natal.) 


Natal and Zululand. 


Caprimulgus inornatus vinacea-brunneus Bannerman 


Caprimulgus inornatus vinacea-brunneus Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. 
Cl., 52, 1932, p. 147. (Tawa [or Tahoua], French Niger Colony.) 


Known only from Tahoua and Tillia, French West Africa. 


Caprimulgus inornatus inornatus Heuglin 


Caprimulgus inornatus Heuglin, Orn. Nordost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 129. 
(Bogosland.) 

Air eastward through Darfur to Eritrea and the coasts of the Red Sea, 
south to southern Nigeria, the Uelle district, Uganda, the Usambara 
Mountains and Somaliland; southwestern Arabia. 

Caprimulgus stellatus stellatus Blundell and Lovat 


Caprimulgus stellatus Blundell and Lovat, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 
1899, p. xxi. (Kassim River, southern Ethiopia.) 


Hawash district of Ethiopia east to Gallaland and Somaliland and 
south to the North Guaso Nyiro River in Kenya Colony. 
Caprimulgus stellatus simplex Neumann 
Caprimulgus stellatus simplex Neumann, Journ. f. Orn., 55, 1907, p. 593. 
(Lake Zwai, Ethiopia.) 
Lake region of southern Ethiopia.! 
Caprimulgus ludovicianus Stephenson Clarke 


Caprimulgus ludovicianus Stephenson Clarke, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 
1913, p. 108. (Southwestern Ethiopia.) 


Known only from the type. 


Caprimulgus monticolus monticolus Franklin 
Caprimulgus monticolus Franklin, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soe. London, 
1830-1831 (1831), p. 116. (Ganges between Calcutta and Benares.) 
All of India from Sind to Travancore on the west and from Madras to 
Orissa and Bihar, east to western Bengal. 


Caprimulgus monticolus burmanicus Stuart Baker 


Caprimulgus monticolus burmanicus Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 
51, 1931, p. 102. (Upper Chindwin, Burma.) 


Sikkim east to Assam and south to eastern Bengal, Burma and Siam. 


1 It is quite possible that all of the members of the inornatus-stellatus group 
are conspecific, but it rests upon some future reviser with adequate material 
from all parts of the range to prove or disprove this supposition. In the mean- 
time I follow the customary treatment. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 213 


Caprimulgus monticolus amoyensis Stuart Baker 
Caprimulgus monticolus amoyensis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 
51, 1931, p. 102. (Amoy, China.) 
Southeastern China in provinces of Fukien, Kwangtung, Kwangsi and 
Yunnan. 


Caprimulgus monticolus stictomus Swinhoe 
Caprimulgus stictomus Swinhoe, Ibis, 1863, p. 250. (Ape’s Hill, For- 
mosa.) 


Caprimulgus stictomus digitalis Stuart Baker, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 51, 
1931, p. 101, in text. Mention of a manuscript name of Swinhoe’s 
on the labels of some specimens of stictomus in the British Museum. 


Formosa; Indochina. 


Caprimulgus affinis affinis Horsfield 


Caprimulgus affinis Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 13, pt. 1, 1821, 
p. 142. (Java.) 


Sumatra, Billiton, Nias, Borneo, Java, Bali, Karimon Java Islands, 
Lombok,! Sumbawa,! Flores,! Alor,! Timor,! and Kisar (?). 


Caprimulgus affinis kasuidori Hachisuka 


Caprimulgus affinis kasuidori Hachisuka, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1932, 
p. 81. (Savu, Lesser Sunda Islands.) 


Islands of Savu and Sumba. 


Caprimulgus affinis griseatus Walden 


Caprimulgus griseatus Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. London, 9, pt. 2, 1875, 
p. 160. (Philippine Islands, ex G. R. Gray, Handlist, 1, 1869, p. 57, 
where a nomen nudum.) 


Philippines: Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Negros and Cebu. 


Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis Mearns 


Caprimulgus affinis mindanensis Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18, 
1905, p. 85. (Malabang, Mindanao.) 


Confined to Mindanao. 


Caprimulgus affinis propinquus Riley 
Caprimulgus affinis propinquus Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918, 
p. 155. (Parigi, Celebes.) 
Celebes, where known from the central northern part and the southern 
Peninsula. 


1 Birds from these islands are referred to propinquus by Hachisuka; such a 
distribution is very unlikely; it hardly seems probable that the Lesser Sunda 
Islands form should be the same as the Celebesian, with yet a different race 
on Savu and Sumba. 


214 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Caprimulgus tristigma sharpei Alexander 
?Scotornis trimaculatus Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 70. (Western 
Africa.) 
Caprimulgus sharpei Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 12, 1901, p. 29. 
(Gambaga, Gold Coast.) 
Caprimulgus goslingi Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 47. 
(Mt. Kaga Djirri, Kemo River, French Congo.) 
Senegal (?); Gold Coast, Ubangi-Shari, French Sudan; eastern 
Cameroon (?). 
Caprimulgus tristigma tristigma Riippell 
Caprimulgus tristigma Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vég., 1840, p. 105. 
(Gondar, Ethiopia.) 
Caprimulgus eleanorae Phillips, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 26, 1913, p. 167. 
(Fazogli, Blue Nile.) 
Eastern Sudan and Ethiopia, south to Kenya Colony and the north- 
eastern Congo border. 
Caprimulgus tristigma lentiginosus A. Smith 
Caprimulgus lentiginosus A. Smith, Illustr. Zool. S. Afr., 1845, Aves, 
pl. 101 and text. (Great Namaqualand.) 
Africa south of the Benguela Plateau, Katanga and southern Tangan- 
yika Territory to the Transvaal and Mashonaland. 


Caprimulgus concretus Bonaparte 
Caprimulgus concretus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 60. (Ashanti, 
error = Borneo);! the types are from Banjermassing, fide Sharpe, 
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875, p. 100. 
Caprimulgus mirificus Oberholser, Smiths. Mise. Coll., 60, 1912, no. 7, 
p. 7. (Siak River, Sumatra.) 


Sumatra, Billiton and Borneo. 


Caprimulgus pulchellus pulchellus Salvadori 
Caprimulgus pulchellus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 14, 1879, 
p. 195. (Mt. Singalan, Sumatra.) 
Sumatra. 
Caprimulgus pulchellus bartelsi Finsch 
Caprimulgus Bartelsi Finsch, Notes Leyden Mus., 23, 1902, p. 148. 
(Pasir Datar, 3000 feet, western Java.) 
Java. 
Caprimulgus enarratus G. R. Gray 
Caprimulgus enarratus G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), 8, 
1871, p. 428. (Madagascar.) 
Forests of northwestern and eastern Madagascar. 


1 See note under Veles binotatus p. 192. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE Q15 


Caprimulgus batesi Sharpe 
Caprimulgus batesi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1906, p. 18. (River 
Ja, Cameroon.) 
Equatorial forest region from southern Cameroon eastward to the 
Semliki Valley of the Belgian Congo and southward to the middle Congo 
River. 


Genus SCOTORNIS Swainson 


Scotornis Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 66. Type, by subsequent 
designation, Caprimulgus climacurus Vieillot. (Gray, Cat. Gen. Sub- 
gen. Bds., 1855, p. 11.) 

Crotema Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 8, 1922, p. 216. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Caprimulgus fossi1 Hartlaub.1 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 175-178. 

Bates, Ibis, 1927, p. 19-22. 

Bowen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 88, 1931, p. 40-43 (races of 
fossit). 

Friedmann, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 309-312 (races of 
fossiz). 


Scotornis fossii fossii (Hartlaub) 


Caprimulgus Fossii Hartlaub, Syst. Orn. Westafr., 1857, p. 23. 
(Gaboon.) 


Crotema fossii youngi Roberts, Ann. Transv. Mus., 15, 1932, p. 26. 
(Livingstonia, Central Africa = Nyasaland.) 
Cameroon, the Katanga and Ruwenzori, south to the Cunene River, 
Orange Free State and Nyasaland. 


?Scotornis fossii mossambicus (Peters) 


Caprimulgus mossambicus Peters, Journ. f. Orn., 16, 1868, p. 134. 
(Inhambane, Portuguese East Africa.) 


East African coastal regions from Mombasa southward through Mozam- 
bique. Doubtfully distinct from S. f. fossiz. 


Scotornis fossii clarus (Reichenow)? 


Caprimulgus clarus Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 40, 1892, p. 29. (Bukoba, 
Tanganyika Territory, and Mengo, Uganda.) 


1 There are two courses open in the case of the genus Scotornis; one is to 
combine it with Caprimulgus, the other is to maintain it with the addition of 
C. fossii. The rather narrow rectrices and much graduated tail of climacurus 
certainly render this species an intrusive element in Caprimulgus, but fossit 
is exactly like it in color and clarus and apatelius are certainly approaches to 
climacurus in the character of the tail. 

2 Van Someren (Nov. Zool., 29, 1922, p. 85-86), and Grant and Mackworth- 
Praed (Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 18-20), consider fossiz to be specifically 
distinct from clarus on the grounds that both occur at the same localities in 


216 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Uganda eastward through the southern half of Kenya Colony to the 
coast and south through the inland parts of the northern half of Tangan- 
yika Territory. 


Scotornis fossii apatelius (Neumann) 
Caprimulgus apatelius Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 12, 1904, p. 143. 
(Galana River, Lake Abaya, Ethiopia.) 
Central Ethiopia east to the Danakil coast and Somaliland, south to 
northern Kenya Colony (Tana River). 


Scotornis climacurus climacurus (Vieillot) 
Caprimulgus climacurus Vieillot, Gal. Ois., 1, 1825, p. 195, pl. 122. 
(Senegal.) 

Breeds in the African semi-arid belt from Senegal and Gambia eastward 
through Lake Chad to Darfur. Migrates to the tree and grass savanna 
belts from Sierra Leone and Gold Coast Colony, eastward to northwestern 
Kenya Colony. 


Scotornis climacurus nigricans Salvadori 
Scotornis nigricans Salvadori, Atti Soc. Ital. Soc. Nat. Milano, 11, 
1868, p. 449. (‘‘Fiume Bianco” 1.e. White Nile.) 
Darfur and Kordofan westward to the Blue Nile, Lake Tana and the 
Baro River. 


Scotornis climacurus leoninus Bannerman 


Scotornis climacurus leoninus Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 
1932, p. 148. (Bo, Sierra Leone.) 


Resident in Sierra Leone. 


Scotornis climacurus sclateri Bates 


Scotornis climacurus sclatert Bates, Ibis, 1927, p. 20. (Ngaundere, 
northern Cameroon.) 


Highlands of Nigeria, northern Cameroon, Uelle and Ubangi rivers, mi- 
grating into southern Cameroon; resident on the middle Congo south of 
the equatorial forest. 


parts of Uganda, Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory. Unfortunately 
none of these authors presents any evidence to show whether the forms actually 
breed at such common localities, or whether their occurrence together is merely 
the mingling of migratory and non-breeding populations. The latter hypothe- 
sis certainly deserves consideration in view of the migratory and semi-migratory 
habits of many species of African night-jars. Under the circumstances I can- 
not consider as proven the claims to the specific distinctness of fossii and 
clarus. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 917 


GEeNus MACRODIPTERYX Swainson 


Macrodipteryx Swainson, Bds. W. Afr., 2, 1837, p. 62. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Macrodipteryx africanus Swainson = Caprimulgus longipennis 
Shaw. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 168-172. 


Macrodipteryx longipennis (Shaw) 
Caprimulgus longipennis Shaw, Nat. Misc., 8, 1796, pl. 265. (Sierra 
Leone.) 
Caprimulgus houyi Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 73. (Bodanga, 
eastern Cameroon.) 
African savanna country from Senegal, Portuguese Guinea and Sierra 
Leone to Eritrea, western Ethiopia and Uganda. Subject to migratory 
movements during the non-breeding season. 


Grnus SEMEIOPHORUS Gov p! 


Semeiophorus Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 1838, pl. [13] and text. Type, by 
monotypy, Semeiophorus (Macrodypteryx?) vexillarius Gould. 

cf. Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 172-175. 
Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 1916, p. 73-81 (migration). 


Semeiophorus vexillarius Gould 
Semeiophorus (Macrodypteryx?) vexillarius Gould, Icones Av., pt. 2, 
1838, pl. [13] and text. (Islands between Bourbon and Madagascar; 
numerous on the shores of the Red Sea and in the Island of Scutra 
[v.e. Socotra], error = Sierra Leone.) 
Caprimulgus filleborni Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 8, 1900, p. 98. (Neu 
Helgoland, west of Lake Nyasa.) 

Breeds in Africa south of the equatorial forest from Angola to Tangan- 
yika Territory and south to Damaraland and the Transvaal. Migrates 
across the forest to spend the non-breeding season in the grasslands of 
Nigeria, Cameroon, Belgian Congo and Uganda. 


GENus HYDROPSALIS WaGLeR 


Hydropsalis Wagler, Isis von Oken, 1832, col. 1222. Type, by subse- 
quent designation, Caprimulgus furcifer Vieillot (G. R. Gray, Cat. 
Gen. Subgen. Bds., 1855, p. 11). 


1 Replaces Cosmetornis G. R. Gray, List. Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 8. Gray pro- 
posed Cosmetornis stating that Semeiophorus had been used in Herpetology 
and Entomology. He doubtless had in mind Semiophora Stephens, 1829, 
Lepidoptera, and Semiophorus Wagler, 1830, Reptilia. 


218 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Diplopsalis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 141. Type, 
Caprimulgus climacocercus Tschudi. (Here definitely designated for 
the first time.) 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 27-29. 


Hydropsalis climacocerca schomburgki Sclater 


Hydropsalis schomburgki “G. R. Gray” Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 
1866, p. 142. (British Guiana.) 


Extreme eastern Venezuela, British Guiana and Surinam. 


Hydropsalis climacocerca climacocerca (Tschudi) 


Caprimulgus climacocercus Tschudi, Arch. f. Naturg., 10, 1844, Bd. 1, 
p. 269. (Peru.) 


Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and western Brazil 
east at least to the Purts (some form occurs on the Rio Madeira). 


Hydropsalis climacocerca pallidior Todd 


Hydropsalis climacocerca pallidior Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, Nov., 
1937, p. 245. (Santarem, Brazil.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Hydropsalis climacocerca intercedens Todd 
Hydropsalis climacocerca intercedens Todd, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 25, 
Nov., 1937, p. 245. (Islands in the Amazon River, opposite Obidos, 
Brazil.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Hydropsalis climacocerca canescens Griscom and Greenway 
Hydropsalis climacocerca canescens Griscom and Greenway, Bull. Mus. 
Comp. Zoél., 81, June, 1937, p. 425. (Lago Grande, south bank of the 
Amazon, west of the Rio Tapajéz, Brazil.) 


Known only from the region of the lower Tapajéz.1 


Hydropsalis brasiliana brasiliana (Gmelin) 
Caprimulgus brasilianus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1031. 
(Brazil.) ? 
Caprimulgus torquatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1032. 
(Brazil.) 
Brazil from the south bank of the lower Amazon (west to the Rio 
Madeira) and Maranh4o, southward to eastern Matto Grosso and Sao 
Paulo. 


1 It is difficult to account for the presence of three races of H. climacocerca 
along the lower Amazon between Obidos and Santarem, an air line distance of 
not over seventy-five miles. 

2 For use of this name cf. Schneider, Journ. f. Orn., 86, 1938, p. 95-96. 


FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE 219 


Hydropsalis brasiliana furcifera (Vieillot) 
Caprimulgus furcifer Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 10, 1817, p. 242. 
(Paraguay.) 
Eastern Bolivia, southern Matto Grosso and Parana, south to Men- 
doza, Pampa, Entre Rios and Uruguay. 


GreNnus UROPSALIS W. MILLER 


Uropsalis W. Miller, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, p. 516. Type, 
by original designation, Hydropsalis lyra Bonaparte. 
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 26-27. (Macropsalis, 
part, species nos. 1, 2 and 3.) 


Uropsalis segmentata segmentata (Cassin) 
Hydropsalis segmentatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 4, 1849, 
p. 238. (Bogotd.) 
Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia. 


Uropsalis segmentata kalinowskii (Berlepsch and Stolzmann) 
Macropsalis kalinowskii Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ibis, 1894, p. 399. 
(Pariayacu, near Maraynioc, Peru.) 
Central Peru. 


Uropsalis lyra lyra (Bonaparte) 
Hydropsalis lyra “Gould” Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 59. 
(Bogota.) 
Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela. 


Uropsalis lyra peruana (Berlepsch and Stolzmann) 
Macropsalis lyra peruana Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Ornis, 13, 1906, 
p. 121. (Chontapunco, Marcapata, Peru.) 
Peru. 


Genus MACROPSALIS SciatTer 


Macropsalis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866, p. 141 (in key), 
p. 143. Type, by subsequent designation, Caprimulgus forcipatus 
Nitzsch = Hydropsalis creagra Bonaparte (Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. 
Mus., 16, 1892, p. 601). 

cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 26-27 (part, species 

no. 4 only). 


Macropsalis creagra (Bonaparte) 
Hydropsalis creagra Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1, 1850, p. 58. (Brazil.) 
Southeastern Brazil in states of Rio de Janeiro, SAo Paulo, Minas 
Geraés and Rio Grande do Sul. 


220 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


GrENus ELEOTHREPTUS G. R. Gray 


Eleothreptus G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 7. New name for 
Amblypterus Gould, 1838. Type, by original designation and mon- 
otypy, EL. anomalus (Gould) = Amblypterus anomalus Gould.! 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 31. 


Eleothreptus anomalus (Gould) 


Amblypterus anomalus Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1837 (May, 
1838), p. 105. (Demerara, error = Sao Paulo, Brazil, by designation 
of Pinto, Rev. Mus. Paulista, 32, 1938, p. 237.) Also described as 
new genus and species, Icones Av., pt. 2, Aug., 1838, pl. [11] and text. 


Paraguay, southeastern Brazil and northern Argentina (provinces of 
Chaco and Buenos Aires.) 


ORDER APODIFORMES 
SuBporpER APODI 
FamiLy Aegialornithidae 2? [Fossit] 
Famity APODIDAE 


SUBFAMILY CHAETURINAE 


Genus COLLOCALIA G. R. Gray? 


Collocalia G. R. Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 8. Type, by original 
designation, Hirundo esculenta Linné. 


Aerodramus Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, p. 179 
(in key), p. 182. Type, by original designation, Collocalia innominata 
Hume. 


1 Gray believed Gould’s generic name to be “‘similar to a word used in en- 
tomology” referring no doubt to Amblyptera Solier, 1836. There is however 
a genus of fossil fishes, Amblypterus Agassiz, 1833 of which Gould’s name is a 
homonym. 

2 Position provisional. 

3 The genus Collocalia constitutes one of the most difficult of all groups of 
birds. The principal recent revisers of this genus realize this fact more keenly 
than any one and admit that their results are purely tentative and their con- 
ceptions of relationships liable to modification. It has not seemed feasible for 
me to undertake an independent survey of this genus, lack of time and material 
being the chief reasons for not doing so. I have therefore tried to adapt the 
following arrangement from what seem to me to be the best features of the 
various reviews of the genus, or sections of it, by the authors whose papers on 
the subject are listed herewith. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 221 


Zoonava Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1914, p. 112. Type, by original 
designation, Cypselus terraereginae Ramsay. 
cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 66-70. 
Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, p. 1-19. 
Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, p. 177-212. 
Id., Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 1912, p. 11-20. 
Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 347-351. 
Id., Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12, 1914, p. 1-12. 
Id., Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 1925, p. 179-190; 1926, p. 349-353. 
Id., Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931, p. 838-101. 
Id., and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 1932, p. 164-170. 


Collocalia gigas Hartert and Butler 


Collocalia gigas Hartert and Butler, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 11, 1901, p. 65. 
(Selangor, Malay States.) 


Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java. 


Collocalia whiteheadi tsubame Hachisuka 


Collocalia whiteheadi tsubame Hachisuka, Bds. Phil. Ids., 2, 1934, p. 176. 
(Puerto Princesa, Palawan.) 


Philippine Islands: Palawan.! 


Collocalia whiteheadi whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant 
Collocalia whiteheadi Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1895, p. 459. (Mount Data, 
Highlands of Lepanto, Luzon.) 


Philippine Islands: Batan, Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Sibuyan, 
Bantayan, Cebu, Bohol, Cagayancillo, Verde; New Guinea: Snow Mts., 
Baroka. 


Collocalia whiteheadi origenis Oberholser 
Collocalia origenis Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, 
p. 180 (in key), p. 191. (Mount Apo, 4000 feet, Mindanao.) 
Philippine Islands: Mindanao, except the alpine portion of Mount Apo. 


?Collocalia whiteheadi apoensis Hachisuka 


Collocalia apoensis Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ. no. 14, 
1930, p. 172. (Apo Lake, 8000 feet, Mindanao.) 


Philippine Islands: alpine portion of Mount Apo. The status of this 
form requires further investigation. 


1 If C. lowi and C. whiteheadi are conspecific as has been indicated by Mayr, 
Am. Mus. Novit., no. 828, 1936, p. 12-13, then tsubame must fall as a synonym 
of palawanensis; however until the relationships of brevirostris, lowi and white- 
headi are finally straightened out, it seems best to recognize tsubame. 


22992 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Collocalia whiteheadi orientalis Mayr 


Collocalia lowi orientalis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3. 
(Guadaleanar, Solomon Islands.) 


Guadalcanar, Solomon Islands. 


Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann 


Collocalia lowi robinsoni Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931, 
p. 83, 98. (Pulau Belitung, southwest of Terutau Island, west coast 
of the Malay Peninsula.) 


Coasts of Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula; Anamba Islands. 


Collocalia lowi lowi (Sharpe) 


Cypselus lowi Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879, p. 333, f. 2. 
(Labuan Island.) 


Sumatra, Nias Island, western and northern Borneo, Labuan Island. 


Collocalia lowi tichelmani Stresemann 


Collocalia lowi tichelmani Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 34, 1926, p. 104. 
(Cave of Tamaluang, southeastern Borneo.) 


Southeastern Borneo. 


Collocalia lowi palawanensis Stresemann 


Collocalia lowi palawanensis Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12, 
1914, p. 10. (Puerto Princesa, Palawan.) 


Island of Palawan, Philippines. 


Collocalia (lowi?) vulcanorum Stresemann 


Collocalia brevirostris vulcanorum Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 
12, 1926, p. 352. (West Java.) 


Java, on the craters of the voleanoes Gedeh, Tankuban Prahu and 
Papandajan. 
Collocalia (fuciphaga) fuciphaga (Thunberg) 
Hirundo Fuciphaga Thunberg, Kongl. Vet.-Akad. nya Handl., 33, 
1812, p. 153. (Java.) 
Java. 


Collocalia (fuciphaga?) innominata Hume 
Collocalia innominata Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 294. (Andaman 
Islands; type from Port Mouat, South Andaman Island.) 


Collocalia maxima ‘“Hume”’ Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, 
p. 503. In synonymy of Collocalia innominata, ex Hume, Stray 
Feath., 4, 1876, p. 223, where a nomen nudum. (Mergui, Bankasoon.) 


Southern Tenasserim, southwestern Siam, Mergui Archipelago, Malay 
Peninsula; Sumatra? Probably only a straggler to the Andaman Islands. 


1 See note under C. whiteheadi tsubame, p. 221. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 293 


Collocalia (fuciphaga?) natunae Stresemann 
Collocalia francica natunae Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 38, 1930, p. 181. 
(Gunong Ranai, Bunguran Island, North Natuna Islands.) 
Natuna Islands and northern Borneo. 


Collocalia (fuciphaga?) capnitis Thayer and Bangs 
Collocalia fusciphaga [sic] capnitis Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. 
Zoél., 62, 1909, p. 189. (Wan Tao Shan, Hupeh.) 


Central China in Province of Hupeh. 


Collocalia brevirostris brevirostris (Horsfield) 
Hirundo brevirostris Horsfield, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1839 (1840), 
p. 155. (Assam.) 
The Himalayas to eastern Assam, extending southward into northern 
Burma. 
Collocalia brevirostris unicolor (Jerdon) 
Hirundo unicolor Jerdon, Madras Journ. Lit. Sci., 11, 1840, p. 238. 
(Coonoor Pass.) 
Malabar Coast, hill ranges of Mysore, Travancore; Ceylon. 


Collocalia (brevirostris?) inopina Thayer and Bangs 
Collocalia inopina Thayer and Bangs, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 52, 1909, 
p. 189. (Mafuling, 5000 feet, Hupeh.) 


Collocalia inopina pellos Thayer and Bangs, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zoél., 
40, 1912, p. 158. (Wa Shan, 6000 feet, Szechuan.) 


Central and western China in provinces of Szechuan and Hupeh; 
Mountains of Tonkin. 


Collocalia (francica) francica (Gmelin) 
Hirundo francica Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1017. (‘Insula 
Francicae,” 7.e. Mauritius.) 
Mauritius and Reunion. 


Collocalia (francica?) elaphra Oberholser 
Collocalia fuciphaga elaphra Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
58, 1906, p. 180 (in key), p. 188. (Mahé Island, Seychelles.) 
Seychelles. 


Collocalia inexpectata inexpectata Hume 
Collocalia inexpectata Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 296, in text. 
(Andaman Islands.) 
Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 


Collocalia inexpectata germani Oustalet 
Collocalia Germani Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878, p. 1. 
(Cochinchina.) 


294 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Collocalia francica subsp. B merguiensis Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 
16, 1892, p. 506. (Mergui Archipelago.) 


Coasts of Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula and Indochina; Mergui Archi- 
pelago; Pulo Condor; coasts of Sarawak and northern Borneo; Palawan (?). 


Collocalia inexpectata amechana Oberholser 


Collocalia fuciphaga amechana Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 
1912, p. 13. (Pulo Jimaja, Anamba Islands.) 


Anamba Islands. 


Collocalia inexpectata amelis Oberholser 


Collocalia unicolor amelis Oberholser, Proc. Acad: Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 
1906, p. 180 (in key), p. 193. (Irisan, Benguet, Luzon.) 


Philippine Islands: Luzon, Marinduque, Cebu and Mindanao. 


Collocalia inexpectata perplexa Riley 


Collocalia francica perplexa Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927, 
p. 140. (Pulo Maratua, off the northeastern coast of Borneo.) 


Small islands off the eastern coast of Borneo: Maratua, Pandjang, 
Balik Kukup and Rabu Rabu. 


Collocalia inexpectata bartelsi Stresemann 


Collocalia francica bartelsi Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 35, 1927, p. 46. 
(Muara Wettan, north coast of western Java.) 


Collocalia francica javensis Stresemann, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 6, 1931, 
p. 89. (Cheribon, Java.) 


Java and the Kangean Islands. 


Collocalia inexpectata dammermani Rensch 


Collocalia francica dammermani Rensch, Treubia, 13, 1931, p. 396. 
(Mbura, Flores.) 


Flores, and probably the entire chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands west 
to Bali. 


Collocalia inexpectata micans Stresemann 


Collocalia fuciphaga micans Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 12, 
1914, p. 6. (Savu.) 


Sumba, Savu and Timor. 


Collocalia inexpectata pelewensis Mayr 


Collocalia pelewensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 1935, p. 3. 
(Palau Islands.) 


Palau Islands. 


Collocalia inexpectata bartschi Mearns 


Collocalia bartschi Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 36, 1909, p. 476. 
(Guam. ) 


FAMILY APODIDAE 995 


Collocalia fuciphaga tachyptera Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 20. (Guam.) 


Guam and possibly other islands in the Marianne Group. 


Collocalia inquieta 1} rukensis Kuroda 


Collocalia fucitphaga rukensis Kuroda, Tori, 1, 1915, p. 53 (Japanese 
text), p. 58, 59 (English text). (Ruk, Caroline Islands.) 


Caroline Islands: Ruk [or Truk]. Birds referred to this race have been 
recorded from Yap. 
Collocalia inquieta ponapensis Mayr 


Collocalia vanikorensis ponapensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 820, 
1935, p. 3. (Ponapé, Caroline Islands.) 


Caroline Islands; Ponapé. 
Collocalia inquieta inquieta (Kittlitz) 


Cypselus inquetus Kittlitz, Denkw. Reise russ. Amer. Micron. und 
Kamchat., 2, 1858, p. 26. (Ualan, Caroline Islands.) 


Caroline Islands: Kusaie [or Ualan]. 


Collocalia vanikorensis aenigma Riley 


Collocalia vestita aenigma Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 31, 1918, p. 156. 
(Parigi, Celebes.) 


Central and southeastern Celebes. 


Collocalia vanikorensis heinrichi Stresemann 


Collocalia francica heinrichi Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 40, 1932, p. 110. 
(Talassa, 300 metres, Celebes.) 


Southern Celebes. 


Collocalia vanikorensis moluccarum Stresemann 


Collocalia fucitphaga moluccarum Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 
12, 1914, p. 7. (Banda Island.) 


Known definitely from Banda Island only; specimens from Morotai, 
Amboina, Goram, Taam, Koor, the Kei Islands and the Sudest Islands 
have been referred to this form. 


Collocalia vanikorensis coultasi Mayr 


Collocalia vanikorensis coultasi Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, 
p. 7. (Malai Bay, Manus, Admiralty Islands.) 


Known only from the type locality. 


Collocalia vanikorensis lihirensis Mayr 
Collocalia vanikorensis lihirensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, 
p. 6. (Lihir Island, Lihir Group.) 


1 The inquieta group may prove to be conspecific with the vanikorensis 
group, fide Mayr, antea, 1937. 


226 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Islands of St. Matthias, Tabar and Lihir. Some form of C. vanikorensis 
occurs in the Bismarck Archipelago. 


Collocalia vanikorensis waigeuensis Stresemann and Paludan 
Collocalia vanikorensis waigeuensis Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 
38, 1932, p. 164, 168. (Waigeu.) 
Island of Waigeu. 


Collocalia vanikorensis steini Stresemann and Paludan 
Collocalia vanikorensis stent Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 
1932, p: 167. (Numfor.) 
Island of Numfor in Geelvink Bay. 


Collocalia vanikorensis granti Mayr 
Collocalia vanikorensis grantt Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, 
p. 8. (Setekwa River, Dutch New Guinea.) 
Lowlands of southern and eastern New Guinea; Fergusson Island. 


Collocalia vanikorensis tagulae Mayr 
Collocalia vanikorensis tagulae Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 915, 1937, 
p. 7. (Tagula Island, Louisiade Archipelago.) 
Louisiade Archipelago: Tagula (or Sudest) and Misima (or St. Aignan). 
Some form of C. vanikorensis occurs on the Trobriand Islands. 


Collocalia vanikorensis yorki Mathews 
Collocalia francica yorki Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 77. 
(Peak Point, Cape York.) 
Cape York Peninsula. 


Collocalia vanikorensis vanikorensis (Quoy and Gaimard) 
Hirundo vanikorensis Quoy and Gaimard, Voy. ‘Astrolabe,’ Zool., 1, 
1830, p. 206; Atlas, Ois., pl. 12, f. 3. (Island of Vanikoro.) 
Solomon Islands, Reef and Duff Groups, Santa Cruz Islands, New 
Hebrides, New Caledonia. 


Collocalia leucophaea leucophaea (Peale) 
Macropteryx leucopheus Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 178. 
(Tahiti.) 
Collocalia thespesia Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, 
p. 180 (in key), p. 195. (Tahiti.) 


Society Islands. 
Collocalia leucophaea ocista Oberholser 


Collocalia ocista Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, 
p. 179 (in key), p. 184. (Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands.) 


Marquesas Islands. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 227 


Collocalia vestita vestita (Lesson) 
Salangana vestita Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, 10, 1843, p. 134. 
(Sumatra.) 
Southern Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Billiton. 


?Collocalia vestita aerophila Oberholser 
Collocalia fuciphaga aerophila Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 16. (Siaba Bay, Nias Island.) 
Nias Island; Sipora (?), Simalur (?), Pagi Islands (?). Perhaps not 
different from v. vestita. 
?Collocalia vestita maratua Riley 
Collocalia vestita maratua Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 40, 1927, 
p. 141. (Pulo Maratua, off northeastern Borneo.) 
Borneo and small islands off the northeastern coast. Perhaps not dif- 
ferent from C. v. vestita. 
Collocalia vestita mearnsi Oberholser 
Collocalia fuciphaga mearnsi Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 42, 
1912, p. 12 (in key), p. 17. (Haights-in-the-Oaks, 7000 feet, near 
Paoay, Benguet, Luzon.) 
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Panay, Negros, Cebu, Mindanao. 


Collocalia spodiopygia sororum Stresemann 
Collocalia francica sororum Stresemann, Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 12. 
(Uru, 800 metres, west base of the Latimodjong Mountains, Celebes.) 


Central, southern and southeastern Celebes. 


Collocalia spodiopygia infuscata Salvadori 
Collocalia infuscata Salvadori, Atti R. Accad. Sci. Torino, 15, 1880, 
p. 348. (Ternate.) 
Northern Moluccas: Morotai, Ternate, Halmahera. 


Collocalia spodiopygia ceramensis Van Oort 
Collocalia ceramensis Van Oort, Notes Leyden Mus., 34, 1911, p. 64. 
(Kwalara, Ceram.) 
Southern Moluccas: Ceram, Buru. 


Collocalia spodiopygia eichhorni Hartert 
Collocalia francica eichhorni Hartert, Nov. Zool., 31, 1924, p. 269. 
(St. Matthias Island.) 
Bismarck Archipelago: St. Matthias Island, New Ireland, New Britain. 


Collocalia spodiopygia reichenowi Stresemann 
Collocalia francica reichenowi Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 350. 
(Guadalcanar.) 
Solomon Islands: Guadalcanar. 


228 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Collocalia spodiopygia terrae-reginae (Ramsay) 
Cypselus terre-regine Ramsay, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1874 (1875), 
p. 601. (Northeast coast ranges, near Cardwell, Queensland.) 
Collocalia francica zoonava Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1916, p. 89. 
(Johnstone River, Queensland.) 
Northern Queensland. 


Collocalia spodiopygia leucopygia Wallace 
Collocalia leucopygia Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863 (1864), 
p. 384. (New Caledonia.) 
Collocalia agnota Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 1906, 
p. 179 (in key), p. 188. (New Caledonia.) 
New Hebrides, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia. 


Collocalia spodiopygia assimilis Stresemann 
Collocalia francica assimilis Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 350. 
(Fiji Islands.) 
Zoonava francica oberholseri Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 253. 
(Fiji Islands.) Not Collocalia esculenta oberholseri Stresemann, 1912. 
Fiji Islands. 


Collocalia spodiopygia townsendi Oberholser 
Collocalia francica townsendi Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
58, 1906, p. 181 (in key), p. 197. (Eua Island, Tonga Islands.) 


Tonga Islands. 


Collocalia spodiopygia spodiopygia (Peale) 
Macropteryx spodiopygius Peale, U. S. Expl. Exped., 8, 1848, p. 176. 
(Upolu and Tutuila, Samoa Islands.) 


Samoa Islands. 


Collocalia hirundinacea baru Stresemann and Paludan 
Collocalia vanikorensis baru Stresemann and Paludan, Nov. Zool., 38, 
1922, p. 167. (Kampong Baru, Jobi.) 
Known only from the type locality. 


Collocalia hirundinacea hirundinacea Stresemann 
Collocalia fuciphaga hirundinacea Stresemann, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 
12, May, 1914, p. 7. (Upper Utakwa River, southern Snow Moun- 
tains, New Guinea.) 
Collocalia fuciphaga pseudovestita Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89A, 
1923, Heft 8, p. 27. (Friedrich Wilhelms Hafen, New Guinea.) 
Collocalia fuciphaga mayri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 36, 1930, p. 93. (Siwi, 
Arfak Mountains, New Guinea.) 
New Guinea (except higher altitudes of the Snow Mountains); Dampier 
Island; Goodenough Island. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 229 


Collocalia hirundinacea excelsa Ogilvie-Grant 


Collocalia hirundinacea excelsa Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 
1914, p. 34. (Utakwa River, 8000 feet, New Guinea.) 


Known only from the type locality, but probably occurs throughout 
the higher altitudes of the Snow Mountains. 


Collocalia troglodytes G. R. Gray 


Collocalia troglodytes G. R. Gray, Gen. Bds., 1, 1845, p. [55] (nomen 
nudum), col. pl. XIX. (No locality = Philippine Islands.) 


Philippine Islands generally, including Palawan; not recorded from the 
islands lying southwest of Basilan Strait. 


Collocalia marginata Salvadori 


Collocalia marginata Salvadori, Atti R. Accad. Sci. Torino, 17, March, 
1882, p. 448. (Cebu.) 


Collocalia cebuensis Kutter, Journ. f. Orn., 30, April, 1882, p. 171. 
(Cebu.) 
Philippine Islands: Babuyan, Calayan, Camiguin (north), Luzon, 
Polillo, Mindoro, Banton, Tablas, Sibuyan, Masbate, Cebu, Bohol, 
Palawan. 


Collocalia esculenta affinis Beavan 


Collocalia affinis ‘Tytler’ Beavan, Ibis, 1867, p. 318. (Port Blair, 
South Andaman Island.) 


Andaman and Nicobar Islands. 


Collocalia esculenta elachyptera Oberholser 
Collocalia linchi elachyptera Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
58, 1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 207. (Bentinck Island, Mergui Archi- 
pelago.) 
Mergui Archipelago; Peninsular Siam (?). 
Collocalia esculenta cyanoptila Oberholser 


Collocalia linchi cyanoptila Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 
58, 1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 205. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.) 


Malay States, Lingga Archipelago, eastern Sumatra (?), Billiton, 
Natuna Islands and lowlands of Borneo. 


Collocalia esculenta oberholseri Stresemann 


Collocalia linchi oberholseri Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 19, 1912, p. 348. 
(North Pagi Island.) 


Western Sumatra, Nias Island, Mentawi Islands. 


Collocalia esculenta linchi Horsfield and Moore 


Collocalia linchi Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Bds. Mus. Hon. East-India 
Co., 1, 1854, p. 100. (Java.) 


230 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Southeastern Sumatra (?); Java, Bali, Lombok, Kangean Islands, 
Bawean Islands. 


Collocalia esculenta natalis Lister 


Collocalia natalis Lister, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1888 (1889), p. 520. 
(Christmas Island, Indian Ocean.) 


Confined to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. 


Collocalia esculenta dodgei Richmond 


Collocalia dodget Richmond, Smiths. Mise. Coll. (Quart. Issue), 47, 
1905, p. 481. (Mt. Kina Balu, Borneo.) 


Mountains of northern Borneo and of Sumatra (Korinchi Peak). 


Collocalia esculenta isonota Oberholser 


Collocalia linchi tsonota Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58, 
1906, p. 182 (in key), p. 208. (Irisan, Benguet, Luzon.) 


Philippine Islands: Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao, Bongao. 


?Collocalia esculenta bagobo Hachisuka 


Collocalia esculenta bagobo Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ. 
no. 14, 1930, p. 173. (Apo Lake, 800 [1.e. 8000] feet, Mt. Apo.) 
Alpine summits of Mount Apo, Mindanao. 


Collocalia esculenta sumbawae Stresemann 


Collocalia esculenta sumbawae Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 
1925, p. 189, note 2. (Tambora, 3000 feet, Sumbawa.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba. 


Collocalia esculenta minuta Stresemann 


Collocalia esculenta minuta Stresemann, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 12, 
1925, p. 189, note 3. (Kalao.) 


Islands of Djampea and Kalao in the Flores Sea. 


Collocalia esculenta neglecta G. R. Gray 
Collocalia neglecta G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), 17, 1866, 
p. 121. (Timor.) 


Lesser Sunda Islands: Alor, Savu, Timor, Wetar, Kisar, Damar. 


Collocalia esculenta esculenta (Linné) 
Hirundo esculenta Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 191. (China, 
error = Amboina.) 
Collocalia nitens Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1914, p. 35. 
(Utakwa River, 2900 feet, New Guinea.) 


FAMILY APODIDAE 231 


Celebes, Moluccas, Western Papuan Islands, islands in Geelvink Bay, 
all New Guinea, Aru Islands, D’Entrecasteaux and Louisiade Archi- 
pelagos. Erroneously recorded from Australia. 


Collocalia esculenta erwini Collin and Hartert 
Collocalia esculenta maxima Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 35, 1914, 
p. 35. (Utakwa River, 8000 feet, New Guinea.) 


Collocalia esculenta erwini Collin and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1927, p. 50. 
New name for C. e. maxima Ogilvie-Grant, invalid by reason of 
Collocalia maxima ‘“Hume’”’ Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, 
p. 503, ex Hume, Stray Feath., 4, 1876, p. 223, where a nomen nudum 
in synonymy of C. innominata. 


High mountains of southern New Guinea. 


Collocalia esculenta stresemanni Rothschild and Hartert 


Collocalia esculenta stresemanni Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 
21, 1914, p. 293. (Manus, Admiralty Islands.) 


Collocalia uropygialis heinrothi Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 27, 1919, 
p. 110. (Nusa Island, off New Ireland.) 


Collocalia esculenta tametamele Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 
no. 5, 1921, p. 37. (Ralum, Gazelle Peninsula, New Britain.) 
Admiralty Islands and the Bismarck Archipelago. 


Collocalia esculenta becki Mayr 


Collocalia esculenta becki Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931, p. 16. 
(Florida Island, Solomon Islands.) 


Northern and central Solomon Islands: Bougainville, Shortland, 
Choiseul, Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Ysabel, Florida, Pavuvu, Teti- 
pari, Guadalcanar, Bagga. 


Collocalia esculenta makirensis Mayr 


Collocalia esculenta makirensis Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931, 
p. 15. (San Cristobal Island, Solomon Islands.) 


Solomon Islands: San Cristobal. 


Collocalia esculenta desiderata Mayr 


Collocalia esculenta desiderata Mayr, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 486, 1931, 
p. 15. (Rennell Island.) 


Rennell Island. 


Collocalia esculenta uropygialis G. R. Gray 


Collocakia uropygialis G. R. Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), 17, 
1866, p. 123. (Aneiteum, New Hebrides.) 


New Caledonia and New Hebrides. 


932 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Grnus HIRUND-APUS Hopcson 


Hirund-apus Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836 (1837), p. 780. 
Type, by original designation and monotypy, Cypselus (Chaetura) 
nudipes Hodgson. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 340-344. 
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 72-73 (Chaetura, part, 
species 1-5 incl.). 
Id., Vog. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 848-844. 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 3857-359 (excluding 
Chaetura picina). 


Hirund-apus caudacutus caudacutus (Latham) 

Hirundo caudacuta Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. lvii. (New 
Holland = New South Wales, apud Mathews.) 

Hirundapus caudacutus caudacutus var. uchidai Ishizawa, Annot. Orn. 
Orient., 1, 1928, p. 145, 146, pl. 4, fig. 1. (Nikko, Province of Simot- 
suke, Hondo, Japan.) 

Breeds in Siberia from Jakutsk on the upper Lena and Lake Baikal, 
east to the mouth of the Amur River, Ussuriland and Korea, in recent 
years extending into southwestern Siberia to Tomsk, south to Mongolia 
and Manchuria; Sakhalin, Kurile Islands, Hokkaido and Hondo. Migrates 
through eastern China, winters in Australia and Tasmania. Occasional in 
Europe. 


Hirund-apus caudacutus nudipes (Hodgson) 
Cypselus (Chetura) nudipes Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836 
(1837), p. 779. (Nepal.) 


The Himalayas from Hazara to western Yunnan and western Szechuan; 
hills of Cachar, Sylhet and Manipur; recorded from Cambodia. 


Hirund-apus caudacutus formosanus (Yamashina) 
Chaetura caudacuta formosana Yamashina, Orn. Monatsb., 44, 1936, 
p. 90. (Arisan, Formosa.) 
Formosa. 


Hirund-apus (caudacutus?) cochinchinensis (Oustalet) 
Chetura cochinchinensis Oustalet, Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), 2, 1878, 
p. 52. (Saigon, Cochinchina.) 
Khasia Hills, Cachar, Manipur, Malay States, Indochina, Sumatra, 
Java.! 


1 This is almost certainly a subspecies of H. c. caudacutus, differing in aver- 
age smaller size, in having the chin and throat gray instead of white and 
general coloration deeper; both nudipes and cochinchinensis are recorded from 
the hills of northern Burma and nudipes has been taken in Cambodia. It is 
my belief that it will eventually be shown that in certain areas in southeast- 


FAMILY APODIDAE 235 


Hirund-apus giganteus indicus (Hume) 
Chetura indica Anonymous = Hume, Stray Feath., 1, 1873, p. 471. 
(Andaman Islands and southern India.) 
Assam, Cachar, Sylhet, Manipur, Burma, Siam, Indochina; Indian 
Peninsula from North Kanara southward; Andaman Islands. 


Hirund-apus giganteus giganteus (Temminck) 
Cypselus giganteus ‘“V. Hass.”” Temminck, PI. col., livr. 61, 1825, pl. 
364. (Bantam, Java.) 
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Rhio Archipelago, Java, Borneo, North 
Natuna Islands; islands of the Palawan group, Philippines. 


?Hirund-apus giganteus dubius (McGregor) 
Chetura dubia McGregor, Bureau Govt. Labs., Manila, no. 34, 1905, 
p. 15, pl. 12. (Mindoro.) 
Status uncertain; birds closely related to if not identical with H. g. 
celebensis have been taken on Luzon, Mindoro, Negros, Mindanao and 
Basilan.? 


Hirund-apus giganteus celebensis (Sclater) 
Chetura gigantea var. celebensis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, 
p. 608 in text. (Menado, Celebes.) 
Northern Celebes. 


Hirund-apus ernsti (M. Bartels jr.) 
Chaetura ernsti M. Bartels jr., Orn. Monatsb., 39, 1931, p. 54. (Halimoen 
Mts., western Java.) 


Known only from the unique type.? 


GENUS STREPTOPROCNE OBERHOLSER 


Streptoprocne Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 69. Type, 
by original designation, Hirundo zonaris Shaw. 


cf. Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33, 1914, p. 604-606. 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 696-702 (ex- 
cluding semicollaris). 


ern Asia Hirund-apus caudacutus tends to populations producing ‘‘melanistic 
mutants” to a greater or less degree, and that the taxonomic difference 
between nudipes and cochinchinensis will resolve itself entirely into a question 
of size. 

1 Cf: Riley, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 64, 1924, p. 56. McGregor and Manuel, 
Phil. Journ. Sci., 59, 1936, p. 323-324. 

2 Probably a race of giganteus, but until more is known of its distribution, is 
better regarded as a distinct species. 


234 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Streptoprocne zonaris mexicana Ridgway 


Streptoprocne zonaris mexicana Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, 
1910, p. 53. (Rio Seco, near Cérdova, Vera Cruz.) 


Southern Mexico from Guerrero and Vera Cruz southward through the 
highlands of Guatemala to El Salvador and British Honduras. 


Streptoprocne zonaris pallidifrons (Hartert) 
Chetura zonaris pallidifrons Hartert, Ibis, 1896, p. 368. (Jamaica, type 
from Ferry River, St. Catherine.) 
Streptoprocne zonaris melanotis Peters, Proc. New England Zodl. Cl., 
6, 1916, p. 37. (Sostia, Dominican Republic.) 
Greater Antilles: Cuba, Isle of Pines, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Tortuga. 


Streptoprocne zonaris albicincta (Cabanis) 
Hemiprocne albicincta Cabanis, Journ. f. Orn., 10, 1862, p. 165. (Guiana 
to Mexico.) 
Streptoprocne zonaris bouchellit Huber, Auk, 40, 1923, p. 302. (Eden, 
lat. 14° N., long. 84° 26’ W., Nicaragua.) 
Central America from Honduras to Panama, and northern South 
America, south to Peru and northern Matto Grosso and east to British 


Guiana; the upper Rio Negro region of Brazil; islands of Grenada and 
Trinidad. 


Streptoprocne zonaris altissima Chapman 


Streptoprocne zonaris altissima Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 
33, 1914, p. 604. (Laguneta, 10,300 feet, near Quindio Pass, Central 
Andes, Colombia.) 


Temperate zone of the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. 


Streptoprocne zonaris zonaris (Shaw) 

Hirundo zonaris Shaw, in J. F. Miller’s Cimelia Physica, 1796, p. 100, 
pl. 55. (No locality, but assumed to be Brazil, restricted to Chapada, 
Matto Grosso by Chapman, antea, p. 605, a very improbable local- 
ity.) } 

Brazil in states of Matto Grosso, Minas Geraés, Rio de Janeiro, Sao 

Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul; Bolivia, western Argentina. ~ 


Streptoprocne biscutata (Sclater) 


Chetura biscutata Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 609, pl. 34. 
(Rio de Janeiro and Ypanema, Sao Paulo, Brazil.) 


Eastern Brazil from southern Piauhy to Rio Grande do Sul. 


1 Cf. Naumburg, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 60, 1930, p. 142, note. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 235 


Grenus AERORNIS W. Bertoni 


Aérornis W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, p. 66. Type, 
by monotypy, Aérornis niveifrons W. Bertoni = Cypselus senex 
Temminck. 

cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 80 (Cypseloides, part, 
species no. 5). 
Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 702-703 
(Streptoprocne semicollaris). 


Aérornis senex (Temminck) 
Cypselus senex Temminck, PI. col., livr. 67, 1826, pl. 397. (Brazil.) 
Chaetura major Bertoni, Rev. de Agronomia, 2, 1900, p. 58. (Paraguay.) 


Aérornis niveifrons W. Bertoni, An. Cient. Paraguayos (1), no. 1, 1901, 
p. 66. (Alto Paranda, lat. 25° 40’S., Paraguay.) 


Brazil in states of Matto Grosso and Sao Paulo; Paraguay; north- 
eastern Argentina in Territory of Misiones. 


Aérornis semicollaris (DeSaussure) 


Acanthylis semicollaris DeSaussure, Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2), 11, 1859, 
p. 118. (Great forests of Mexico = San Joaquin, near City of 
Mexico.) 

Central Mexico in states of Chihuahua, Hidalgo and Mexico.! 


Genus CHAETURA STEPHENS 


Chetura Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., 13, pt. 2, 1826, p. 76. Type, 
by subsequent designation, Chaetura pelasgia Stevens [sic] = Hirundo 
pelagica Linné. (Swainson, Zool. Illustr. (2), 1, 1829, text to pl. 42.) 


Rhaphidura Oates, Bds. Burma, 2, 1883, p. 6. Type, by monotypy, 
Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth. 


Telacanthura Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original 
designation, Chaetura usshert Sharpe. 


Alterapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original 
designation, Chaetura sabini J. E. Gray. 


1 It is not possible to include this species in Streptoprocne, since it has none 
of the external characters (emarginate tail and feathered anterior surface of 
tarsus at proximal end) relied on to separate Streptoprocne from Chaetura. 
C. senezx is certainly out of place in Cypseloides; it has the tail of a Chaetura, 
but the feet are relatively much stouter and the hind toe longer and stronger 
than in that genus. On the whole the wisest course is to utilize the generic 
name Aérornis for these two species. The peculiar structure of the tendons of 
the foot of Sireptoprocne zonaris has been pointed out by Lucas, Auk, 16, 1899, 
p. 77-78. What other species of Apodidae possess a similar structure is not 
known. If it can be shown that Aérornis and Hirund-apus possess a foot 
structure similar to that of Streptoprocne, a union of the three genera would 
probably be best. 


236 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Indicapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 265. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Acanthylis sylvatica Tickell. 

Cheturellus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 267. Type, by original 
designation, Hirundo rutila Vieillot. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 344-346. 
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 199-204. 
Hellmayr, Verh. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 8, 1908, p. 144-161 (South Ameri- 

can forms). 

Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p: 715-729. 


Chaetura chapmani chapmani Hellmayr 
Chetura chapmani Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 62. 
(Caparo, Trinidad.) 
Cayenne; Island of Trinidad. 


Chaetura chapmani viridipennis Cherrie 
Chetura chapmani viridipennis Cherrie, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35, 
1916, p. 188. (Doze Outubre, Matto Grosso.) } 
Known only from the unique type, collected on the Rio Doze do 
Outubre, affluent of the Ike which in turn flows into the Juruena, central 
Matto Grosso. 


Chaetura pelagica (Linné) 
Hirundo Pelagica Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (America, 
z.e. South Carolina.) 

Breeds from central Alberta, southeastern Saskatchewan, Manitoba, 
southern Quebec and Newfoundland, south to the Gulf Coast and Florida 
and west to east-central Montana and eastern Texas. Winter range 
unknown, presumably in Amazonian South America, recorded on migra- 
tion in Mexico, Central America and Hispaniola. 


Chaetura vauxi (J. K. Townsend) 
Cypcelus [sic] Vauai J. K. Townsend, Narr. Journ. Rocky Mts., etc., 
1839, p. 348. (Columbia River = Fort Vancouver, Washington.) 
Breeds from southeastern Alaska and central British Columbia to the 
Santa Cruz Mountains, California, principally west of the Cascades and 
the Sierra Nevada, occasionally to Montana and Nevada. Winters in 
Central America south to Guatemala. 


Chaetura richmondi richmondi Ridgway 
Chetura richmondi Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, 1910, p. 53. 
(Guayabo, Costa Rica.) 
Southern and southeastern Mexico from Oaxaca and Tamaulipas south 
over Central America to Costa Rica. 


1 For note on status and characters see Naumburg, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. 
Hist., 60, 1930, p. 144-145. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 937 


Chaetura richmondi ochropygia Aldrich 


Chaetura vauxi ochropygia Aldrich, Sci. Publ. Cleveland Mus. Nat. 
Hist., 7, 1937, p. 68. (Paracoté, Montijo Bay, Veraguas, Panama.) 


Known only from the Azuero Peninsula, Panama. 


Chaetura gaumeri Lawrence 
Chetura Gaumeri Lawrence, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 2, 1882, p. 245. 
(Yucatan.) 


Yucatan Peninsula and Cozumel Island. 


Chaetura leucopygialis (Blyth) 
Acanthylis leucopygialis Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, 1849, p. 809. 
(Penang.) 
Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, 
Java, Borneo and the North Natuna Islands. 


Chaetura sabini J. E. Gray 
Chetura Sabini J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s Anim. Kingd., 7, 1829, p. 70. 
(Africa, = Sierra Leone.) 


Chetura sabini ogowensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 69. 
(Lake Onange, Ogowe River, Gaboon.) 


Sierra Leone; Cameroon to Gaboon and eastward across the equatorial 
forest to the Semliki valley; Fernando Po. 


Chaetura thomensis Hartert 


Chetura thomensis Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 10, 1900, p. 53. (Ped- 
roma, S40 Thomé.) 


Confined to the Island of SAo Thomé in the Gulf of Guinea. 


Chaetura sylvatica (Tickell) 
Acanthylis sylvatica Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 15, 1846, p. 284. 
(Central India, restricted to Maunbhum by Whistler and Kinnear, 
Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 33.) 


Of local occurrence in India and Burma as follows: Garhwal and Sikkim; 
Bengal south of the Godavery and west to Wyne Gunga; Seoni in the 
Central Provinces; southwestern India from the Wynaad to Travancore; 
Cachar and Sylhet. 


Chaetura nubicola Brodkorb 


Chetura nubicola Brodkorb, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., no. 
369, 1938, p.1. (Mount Ovando, 2000 metres, Chiapas.) 


Known only from the unique type.! 


1 Specimen not examined; position provisional. 


238 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Chaetura cinereiventris phaeopygos Hellmayr 


Chetura cinereiventris pheopygos Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 
1906, p. 838. (Carillo, Costa Rica.) 


Caribbean slope of Central America from the Rio Escondido, Nicaragua 
to Almirante Bay, Panama. 


Chaetura cinereiventris lawrencei Ridgway 


Chetura lawrencei Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 1893, p. 43. 
(Grenada, West Indies.) 


Islands of Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago. 


Chaetura cinereiventris schistacea Todd . 


Cheetura cinereiventris schistacea Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, 
p. 183. (La Colorada, Boyaca, Colombia.) 


Known only from eastern Colombia in State of Boyaca and western 
Venezuela in State of Mérida. 


Chaetura cinereiventris guianensis Hartert 


[Chetura cinereiventris] Subsp. a Chetura guianensis Hartert, Cat. Bds. 
Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 486. (Guiana, Venezuela, Trinidad and 
Grenada; type locality restricted to Merumé Mountains, British 
Guiana by Hellmayr, antea, p. 155.) 


Mountains of British Guiana and eastern Venezuela: Merumé Mts., 
Mt. Roraima. 


Chaetura cinereiventris occidentalis Berlepsch and Taczanowski 


Chetura sclateri occidentalis Berlepsch and Taczanowski, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
London, 1883 (1884), p. 569. (Chimbo, Ecuador.) 


Western Colombia and western Ecuador. 


Chaetura cinereiventris sclateri Pelzeln 


Chetura Sclateri Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., Abth. 1, 1868, p. 16, 56. (Borba, 
Rio Madeira.) 


Upper Amazonia: southeastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, north- 
eastern Peru and western Brazil. 


Chaetura cinereiventris egregia Todd 


Chetura egregia Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 29, 1916, p. 97. (Rio 
Surutu, Bolivia.) 


Known only from the unique type. 


Chaetura cinereiventris cinereiventris Sclater 


Chetura cinereiventris Sclater, Cat. Coll. Am. Bds., 1862, p. 283. New 
name to replace Cypselus acutus Wied, 1830 and Acanthylis spinicauda 
Burmeister, 1856, both preoccupied. (Bahia.) 


Eastern Brazil in states of Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 239 


Chaetura spinicauda fumosa Salvin 
Chetura fumosa Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 204. (Bogaba, 
Chiriquf.) 
Western Costa Rica, Panama and northern Colombia. 


Chaetura spinicauda spinicauda (Temminck) 


Cypselus spinicaudus Temminck, Table méth. Pl. col., 1839, p. 57. 
(Cayenne, ex Daubenton, pl. 726, f. 1.) 


Eastern Venezuela and the Guianas south to Brazil north of the Amazon. 


Chaetura spinicauda aethalea Todd 


Chetura spinicauda xthalea Todd, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 50, 1937, 
p: 183. (Benevides, Pard, Brazil.) 


Northern Brazil south of the Amazon from the Madeira (?) and the 
Tapajéz to Para. 
Chaetura martinica (Hermann) 


Hirundo martinica Hermann, Tab. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 229. (Mar- 
tinique, West Indies.) 


Hirundo acuta Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1023. (Martinique.) 


Lesser Antilles: Guadaloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia and St. 
Vincent (?). 


Chaetura ! rutila ? griseifrons (Nelson) 


Cypselus brunneitorques griseifrons Nelson, Auk, 17, 1900, p. 262. 
(Santa Teresa, Nayarit, Mexico.) 


Western Mexico in states of Nayarit, Jalisco, Durango and Zacatecas. 


Chaetura rutila brunnitorques Lafresnaye 
Chetura brunnitorques Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1844, p. 81. (Colombia.) 


Southeastern Mexico from Mexico and Vera Cruz southward through 
Central America, Colombia and Ecuador to Peru. 


Chaetura rutila rutila (Vieillot) 
Hirundo rutila Vieillot, Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., 14, 1817, p. 528. 
(Locality unknown = Guiana.) 
The Guianas; Island of Trinidad. 


Chaetura ussheri ussheri Sharpe 
Chetura ussheri Sharpe, Ibis, 1870, p. 483. (Fort Victoria, Gold Coast.) 


1 The rutila-brunnitorques group of swifts has hitherto been placed in 
Cypseloides, but I believe is best removed to Chaetura, since it more closely 
resembles the members of that genus than it does the type species of Cyp- 
seloides. 

2 Chaetura rutila and Chaetura brunnitorques are clearly conspecific. 


240 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Chaetura ussheri senegalensis Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 23, 1915, p. 182. 
(Thiés, Senegal.) 
Senegal to northern Nigeria. 
Chaetura ussheri sharpei Neumann 


Chetura ussheri sharpet Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 57. 
(Efulen, Cameroon.) 


Southern Cameroon to Lake Albert, south to the Kasai district. 


Chaetura ussheri stictilaema (Reichenow) 
Cypselus stictilaemus Reichenow, Orn. Centralbl., 1879, p. 114. (Ualimi, 
Tana River, Kenya Colony.) 
East Africa from the Mara River to the Zambesi. 


Chaetura ussheri marwitzi Reichenow 
Chaetura stictilaema marwitzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, 
p. 171. (Mkalama, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Wembere desert region in central Tanganyika Territory. 


Chaetura ussheri benguellensis Neumann 
Chetura ussheri benguellensis Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, 
p. 57. (Blasbalk Fontein, Angola.) 
Angola. 


Chaetura andrei andrei Berlepsch and Hartert 
Chaetura andrei Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 91. 
(Caicara, Orinoco River, Venezuela.) 
Orinoco Valley in central Venezuela. 


Chaetura andrei meridionalis Hellmayr 
Chetura andrei meridionalis Hellmayr, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, 
p. 63. (State of Santiago del Estero, Argentina.) 

Brazil in states of Piauhy, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Sio Paulo and Matto 
Grosso; Paraguayan Chaco; Argentina in states of Misiones, Santa Fé, 
Santiago del Estero and Tucumdn; recorded} from Santa Marta region 
of northern Colombia, and from Panama ? where perhaps a winter visitor. 


Chaetura melanopygia Chapin 
Chetura melanopygia Chapin, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 34, 1915, 
p. 509. (Avakubi, Ituri District, Belgian Congo.) 
Known only from the Ituri Forest. 


Chaetura brachyura praevelox Bangs and Penard 


Chaetura brachyura praevelox Bangs and Penard, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 
62, 1918, p. 60. (Chateaubelair, Saint Vincent, Lesser Antilles.) 


1 Darlington, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., 71, 1931, p. 391-392. 
2 Rogers, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 82. 


FAMILY APODIDAE Q4] 


Lesser Antilles: Saint Vincent; the birds recorded from Grenada are 
presumably of this race. 


Chaetura brachyura brachyura (Jardine) 
Acanthylis brachyura Jardine, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 18, 1846, 
p. 120. (Tobago.) 
Eastern Venezuela and the Guianas, south through eastern Ecuador 
to eastern Peru and to Matto Grosso and Pard; islands of Trinidad and 
Tobago. 


GEeNus ZOONAVENA MatTHEews 


Zoonavena Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 265. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Chaetura grandidiert Schlegel, 7.e. Ver- 
reaux. 

cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 78. (Chaetura, part, 

species no. 27.) 


Zoonavena grandidieri (J. Verreaux) 

Chetura grandidiert J. Verreaux! Nouv. Arch. du Mus. Hist. Nat. 
Paris, 3, 1867, Bull., p. 3, pl. 1.2. (Mandrisi, eastern side of Mada- 
gascar.) 

Madagascar. 


GreNus MEARNSIA RipGway 


Mearnsia Ridgway, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 686 
(in key and note e). Type, by original designation, Chaetura picina 
Tweeddale. 

Neafrapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 264. Type, by original 
designation, Chaetura cassini Sclater. 

Papuanapus Mathews, Bds. Austr., 7, 1918, p. 266. Type, by mon- 
otypy, Chaetura novaeguineae D’Albertis and Salvadori. 


Notafrapus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 218. Type, by 
original designation, Notafrapus sheppardi Roberts = Chaetura 
boehmi Schalow. 

cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 70-78 (part, Chaetura, 
species 19, 20, 22, 23, 26). 
McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 8359-360. 
Reichenow, Voég. Afr., 2, pt. 2, 1903, p. 387-388 (part, Chaetura, 
species 932, 933). 
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A., 1923, Heft 8, p. 26-27. 


1 Chaetura grandidieri ‘‘Verreaux’’ Schlegel, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1866 
(March, 1867), p. 421, is a nomen nudum. 
2 The plate is lettered Choetura [sic] Grandidieri. 


242 CHECK-LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Mearnsia picina (Tweeddale) 


Chetura picina Tweeddale, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1878 (1879), 
p. 944, pl. 59. (Zamboanga, Mindanao.) 


Philippine Islands: Leyte, Cebu, Mindanao. 


Mearnsia novaeguineae mamberana (Neumann) 


Chaetura novae-guinea mamberana Neumann, Orn. Monatsb., 25, 1917, 
p. 153. (Teba, Mamberano River, New Guinea.) 


Mouth of the Mamberano River, New Guinea. 


Mearnsia novaeguineae biirgersi (Reichenow) 
Chaetura biirgerst Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 65, 1917, p. 514. (Malu, 
Sepik River, New Guinea.) 
Known only from the type locality. 


Mearnsia novaeguineae novaeguineae (D’Albertis and Salvadori) 
Chaetura novaeguineae D’Albertis and Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 
14, 1879, p. 55. (Fly River, New Guinea.) 
r Southern New Guinea from the Mimika River to the Port Moresby 
istrict. 


Mearnsia cassini (Sclater) 
Chetura cassini Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, p. 205, pl. 14, 
f. 2.1 (Gaboon.) 

Chaetura brevicauda Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 19, 1911, p. 159. (Bi- 

pindi, Cameroon.) 

Southern Cameroon, Gaboon and Portuguese Congo, extending across 
the northern and central parts of the Congo to the Ituri district; Fernando 
Po. 

Mearnsia béhmi (Schalow) 
Chaetura Béhmi Schalow, Orn. Centralbl., 7, 1882, p. 183. (Rakowa, 
1.e. Kakoma, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Chaetura Anchietae Sousa, Jorn. Sci. Math. Phys. e Nat., Acad. Real 
Sci. Lisboa, 12, 1887, p. 93, 105. (Quissange, Benguella.) 
Notafrapus sheppard: Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 218. 
(Beira, Portuguese East Africa.) 


Northern Angola eastward to western Tanganyika Territory (Ugalla 
River) and south to Benguella and the coast of Portuguese East Africa at 
Beira. 


Grenus CYPSELOIDES StrREvuBEL 


Cypseloides Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 366. Type, by subse- 
quent designation, Hemiprocne fumigata Streubel. (Sclater, Proc. 
Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 614.) 


1 The plate is lettered cassinti. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 243 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 78-80 (part, species 
4 and 6). 
Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 714. 
Cypseloides cherriei Ridgway 


Cypseloides cherriet Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16, 1893, p. 44. 
(Voledn de Irazi, Costa Rica.) 


Confined to the Vole4én de Irazi in Costa Rica. 


Cypseloides fumigatus (Streubel) 


Hemiprocne fumigata Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 366. (Brazil, 
ex Natterer, MS.) 


Exact distribution uncertain; known from eastern Panama, eastern 
Ecuador, western Peru and Brazil in states of Rio de Janeiro, Sio Paulo 
and Paranda. 

Cypseloides major Rothschild 


Cypseloides fumigatus major Rothschild,! Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 1931, 
p. 36. (Tucumdn, Argentina.) 


Northwestern Argentina in states of Salta, Tucumdn and Santiago del 
Estero; southern Bolivia (?). 


Genus NEPHOECETES Barrp 


Nephoecetes Baird, in Baird, Cassin and Lawrence, Rept. Expl. and 
Surv. R. R. Pacific, 9, 1858, p. xviil, xxix. (Nephocaetes, p. 140, 142.) 
Type, by monotypy, Hirundo nigra Gmelin. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 703-710. 


Nephoecetes niger borealis (Kennerly) 


Cypselus borealis Kennerly, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1857 (1858), 
p. 202. (Simiahmoo Bay, Puget Sound, Washington.) 


Breeds from southeastern Alaska and British Columbia south to Cali- 
fornia and southern Mexico, eastward to Colorado and New Mexico. 
Winters in Mexico; recorded on migration from Lower California. 
Nephoecetes niger costaricensis (Ridgway) 


Cypseloides niger costaricensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, 
1910, p. 53. (San José, Costa Rica.) 


Highlands of Central America from Honduras to Costa Rica. 


Nephoecetes niger niger (Gmelin) 
Hirundo nigra Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1025. (Hispaniola.) 
Cypseloides niger jamaicensis Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 23, 
1910, p. 58. (Mayfield, St. Andrews, Jamaica.) 


1 Cf. Rogers, Auk, 56, 1939, p. 83, for a discussion of the specific distinctness 
of this bird. 


Q44 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Nephoecetes niger guadeloupensis Cory, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., 
Zool. Ser., 12, pt. 2, no. 1, 1918, p. 148, note. (Guadeloupe, Lesser 
Antilles.) 

West Indies: recorded from Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, 
St. Croix, Guadeloupe, Dominica, St. Lucia and St. Vincent. Migra- 
tory (?). All West Indian records are between April and September. 
Recorded from the Island of Trinidad, and Merumé Mts., British Guiana. 


SuBFAMILY APODINAE 
Genus APUS Scopo.i 


Apus Scopoli, Intr. Hist. Nat., 1777, p. 483. Type, by tautonymy, 
Hirundo apus Linné.} 

Tachymarptis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p./216. Type, 
by original designation, Hirundo melba Linné. 


Caffrapus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p: 217, Type, by 
original designation, Cypselus caffer Lichtenstein. 

Epicypselus Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 217. Type, by 
original designation, Cypselus horus Heuglin. 

Colletoptera Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 8, 1922, p. 217. Type, by 
original designation, Cypselus affinis Gray. 


Tetragonopyga Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1932, p. 72. Type, 
by original designation, Cypselus affinis Gray. 
cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. Ind., ed. 2, Bds., 4, 1927, p. 323-335. 
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 181-195. 
Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 49-51 
(identity of types of African species). 
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 83-89. 
Id., Vg. pal. Fauna, 2, 1912, p. 834-843; 3, 1921, p. 2179-2181 
(revision of Apus); Nachtrag 1, 1923, p. 63. 
Id., Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 364-366 (races of affinis). 
Id. and Steinbacher, Vég. pal. Fauna, Ergainzungsb., Heft 4, 1935, 
p. 353-356. 
Hellmayr, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 19, 19382, p. 242- 
245 (races of andecolus). 
Meinertzhagen, Ibis, 1922, p. 34-43. 


Apus melba melba (Linné) 
Hirundo Melba Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (Gibraltar.) 


Breeds in southeastern Europe north to the Pyrenees and the Alps; 
Asia Minor, the Crimea, the Caucasus, Transcaspia, Turkestan, Balu- 


1 Not preoccupied by Apos Scopoli, 1777, Crustacea. Replaces Cypselus 
Illiger, 1811, of Sharpe’s Hand-list and Micropus Meyer and Wolf, 1810, of 
many recent authors. 


FAMILY APODIDAE Q45 


chistan and the Himalayas. Winter quarters not well known, but recorded 
from Arabia, Uganda, and Damaraland and as a migrant in the Algerian 
Sahara. 


Apus melba tuneti Tschusi 
Apus melba tuneti Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 15, 1904, p. 123. (Tunis.) 


Apus melba petrensis Bangs, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 24, 1911, p. 195. 
(Jordan Valley, Palestine.) 


Northern Africa, Crete (and probably other islands in the eastern Medi- 
terranean); Palestine east to Persia. 


Apus melba archeri Hartert 


Apus melba archeri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 363. (Hargeisa, 
4000 feet, Somaliland.) 


Resident in the mountains of British Somaliland. 


Apus melba striatus (Meinertzhagen) 


Micropus melba striatus Meinertzhagen, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 57, 1937, 
p. 69. (Nanyuki, 6900 feet, lower slopes of northwestern Mount 
Kenya.) 

Known only from the unique type. 


Apus melba maximus (Ogilvie-Grant) 
Cypselus maximus Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 19, 1907, p. 56. 
(Eastern slopes of Mount Ruwenzori, 10,000—12,000 feet.) 


Resident on Mount Ruwenzori above 13,000 feet. 


Apus melba africanus (Temminck) 


Cypselus alpinus africanus Temminck, Man. d’Orn., 1815, p. 270. 
(South Africa.) 


Mountains of southern Africa, north to Kilimanjaro on the east; the 
Ethiopian specimens may be referable here. 


?PApus melba marjoriae (Bradfield) 


Micropus Melba Marjoriae Bradfield, Descr. new races Kalahari Birds 
and Mammals, 1935, p. 1-2. (Quickborn, Damaraland.)! 


Range and status undetermined. 


Apus melba willsi (Hartert) 


Micropus willst Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 231. (East Imerina, 
Madagascar.) 


Madagascar. 


1 Original not seen. This privately printed paper was reprinted in the Auk, 
53, 1936, p. 131-132. 


246 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Apus melba bakeri Hartert 
Apus melba baker: Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 363. (Catton 
Estate, 4500 feet, Ceylon.) 
Southern India and Ceylon. 


Apus aequatorialis aequatorialis (von Miiller) 
Cypselus aequatorialis von Miller, Naumannia, 1851, Heft 4, p. 27. 
(Ethiopia.) 
Cypselus alfredi Shelley, Bds. Afr., 2, 1900, p. 345. (Mbaro, Nyasaland.) 
Mountains of Ethiopia, southward through the mountainous parts of 
Uganda and Kenya Colony to Angola, Nyasaland and Mashonaland. 


Apus aequatorialis furensis (Lynes) 
Micropus xquatorialis furensts Lynes, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, 
p. 34. (El Fasher, Darfur.) 
The Jebel Marra in northern and central Darfur. 


PApus aequatorialis schubotzi Reichenow 


Apus schubotzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 161. (Ronssoro, 
4000 metres, western slope of Mount Ruwenzori.) 


Known only from Mount Ruwenzori. Doubtfully distinct from A. a. 
aequatorialis. 


Apus aequatorialis lowei (Bannerman) 
Micropus xquatorialis lowet Bannerman, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 41, 1920, 
p: 2. (Mahera, Rokelle River, Sierra Leone.) 
Sierre Leone, where known only from the type locality; actual breeding 
place not known. 


Apus aequatorialis bradfieldi (Roberts) 
Micropus bradfieldi Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 11, 1926, p. 221. 
(Quickborn, north of Okahandja, South-West African Protectorate.) 


South-West Africa. 


Apus reichenowi Neumann 
Apus reichenowit Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 21, 1908, p. 57. (Donje 
[v.e. Doinyo] Erok.) 
Known only from the type locality in Kenya Colony.! 


Apus apus apus (Linné) 
Hirundo Apus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 192. (Europe; re- 
stricted type locality, Sweden.) 


1 Formerly regarded as a not too distinct race of aequatorialis, it is in reality 
a distinct species, fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 68, 
1937, p. 51, and as first pointed out in the original description. 


FAMILY APODIDAE Q47 


Apus apus kollibayi Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 13, 1902, p. 234. (Vallegrande, 
Curzola Island, Dalmatia.) 

Apus apus carlo Kollibay, Journ. f. Orn., 53, 1905, p. 302. (Camp de 

la Santé, Thalah, Seggi and Bir Mrabat, Tunisia.) 

Breeds in all of Europe and parts of western and central Asia, north to 
lat. 70° N. in Scandinavia, to 59° on the Irtysh and at least to 57° on the 
Yenessei; east to the northern end of Lake Baikal and south to the Medi- 
terranean Sea and northern Africa, Transcaucasia, the Altai and north- 
western Mongolia. Winters in Africa south to Cape Province. 


Apus apus pekinensis (Swinhoe) 
Cypselus pekinensis Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1870, p. 485. 
(Pekin, China.) 
Apus apus marwitzi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 171. 
(Mkalama, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Apus apus kalaharicus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 16, 1908, p. 81. 
(Kalahari Desert, South Africa.) 


Apus apus turkestanensis Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 142, 148. 
(Russian Turkestan and Bokhara.) 

Breeds in Cyprus, Asia Minor, Persia, Turkestan, northwestern Mon- 
golia and southern Manchuria, south to Palestine, Baluchistan, the 
Himalayas, Kansu and Chihli. Winters in India and in eastern Africa 
from the White Nile to the Kalahari Desert and the Transvaal. 


Apus apus niansae (Reichenow) 


Cypselus Niansae Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 35, 1887, p. 61. (Kagehi, 
Lake Victoria.) ! 

Cypselus shelleyi Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 26, 1888, p. 227. 
(Dembi, Shoa.) 

Apus roehli Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 14, 1906, p. 172. (Usambara, 
Tanganyika Territory.) 

Apus nakuruensis van Someren, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, p. 58. 
(Nakuru, Kenya Colony.) 


Resident from northern Ethiopia southward through the interior of 
Kenya Colony and Tanganyika Territory to Nyasaland. 


Apus apus barbatus (P. L. Sclater) 
Cypselus barbatus P. L. Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 599, 
ex Temminck, MS. (South Africa; the type is from Cape Province, 
fide Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 49.) 
Apus kittenbergeri Madardsz, Arch. Zool. Budapest, 1, 1910, p. 177. 
(Ngare Dowash.) 


1 According to Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 50, niansae and 
shelleyi are identical; the same authorities consider niansae as specifically 
distinct from apus. 


248 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Micropus apus lawsone Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 53, 1933, p. 240. 
(Palombe, 2300 feet, lat. 15° 50’S., long. 35° 40’ E., Nyasaland.) 


Resident in western Transvaal, Natal, Cape Province and southern 
Nyasaland; straggler (?) to the interior of Kenya Colony. 


Apus apus balstoni (Bartlett) 


Cypselus balstoni Bartlett, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1879 (1880), Pp. 770. 
(Betsileo, Madagascar.) 


Madagascar. 


Apus apus mayottensis (Nicoll) 
Cypselus mayottensis Nicoll, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 16, 1906, p. 104. 
(Mayotte Island, Comoro Group.) 
Confined to Mayotte Island. 


Apus sladeniae (Ogilvie-Grant) 


Cypselus sladenix Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 56. 
(Fishtown, Fernando Po.) 


Apus melanonotus Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 15, 1907, p. 60. wei 
district, Cameroon.) 


Island of Fernando Po and neighboring mainland in Cameroon. 


Apus toulsoni (Barboza du Bocage) 
Cypselus Toulsoni Barboza du Bocage, Orn. Angola, pt. 1, 1877, p. 158. 
(Loanda.) 


Known only from the coastal region of Cabinda ang northwestern 
Angola. 


Apus pallidus brehmorum Hartert 
Apus apus Brehmorum Hartert, in Naumann’s Naturg. Vég. Mittel- 
europas, Neuausg., 4, 1901, p. 233. (Southern Spain, Madeira, 
Canaries; type from Madeira.) 
Eastern Atlantic Islands: Madeira, Canaries; countries adjoining the 
western Mediterranean east to southern Italy and to Cyrenaica; central 
Sahara (Hoggar Mountains). 


Apus pallidus illyricus Tschusi 
Apus murinus illyricus Tschusi, Orn. Jahrb., 18, 1907, p. 29. (Castel- 
nuovo, Dalmatia.) 
Southern Dalmatia and the Croatian Coast; Cyprus (?). 


Apus pallidus pallidus (Shelley) 


Cypselus murinus A. and L. Brehm, Vogelfang, 1855, p. 46. (North 
Africa and southern Europe, Suit, Egypt.) Not Cypselus murinus 
Voigt, 1831, which = Cypsiurus parvus (Lichtenstein). 

Cypselus pallidus Shelley, Ibis, 1870, p. 445. (Egypt.) 


FAMILY APODIDAE 249 


Apus murinus persicus Zarudny, Orn. Mitt., 2, 1911, p. 142, 143. 
(Persia in the valley of the Karun and the Diz to Persian Baluchistan.) 


Resident in Egypt, Palestine, Persia, southern Arabia and Sind; 
southern Sahara (Air). 


Apus pallidus somalicus (Stephenson Clarke) 


Micropus somalicus Stephenson Clarke, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 40, 1919, 
p. 49. (Bihendula, British Somaliland.) 


British Somaliland. 


Apus acuticaudus (Blyth) 
Cypselus acuticauda Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 45. (Nepal.) 


Nepal (where known only from the type); breeds in the Khasia Hills, 
Assam. 


Apus pacificus pacificus (Latham) 


Hirundo pacifica Latham, Index Orn., Suppl., 1801, p. Iviii. (New Hol- 
land = New South Wales apud Mathews); the terra typica has been 
fixed as the vicinity of Vladivostock by Domaniewski, infra. 

Micropus colclought Mathews, Austr. Av. Rec., 2, 1915, p. 129. (Cape 
York.) 

Micropus pacificus tormentt Mathews, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 44, 1923, 
p. 15. (Point Torment, North-West Australia.) 

Micropus pacificus kurodae Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polonici, 
1, 1933, p. 80. (Japan.) 

Micropus pacificus kamtschaticus Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. 
Polonici, 1, 1933, p. 80. (Petropavlovsk, Kamchatka.) 

Breeds in eastern Asia from the western Altai and Yakutsk, east to 
Kamchatka and Korea, south to the mountains of northern Mongolia 
and in eastern China to the Yangtse valley, extending westward to Kansu 
and Szechwan; Commander and Kurile Islands, Sakhalin, Hokkaido, 
Hondo and the Seven Islands of Izu. Migrates through southeastern Asia 
to winter quarters in Australia. 


Apus pacificus leuconyx (Blyth) 


Cypselus lewconyx Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 14, pt. 1, 1845, p. 212. 
(Deccan.) 


The Himalayas from Murree to Bhutan and south to the Deccan and 
the Khasia Hills. 


Apus pacificus cooki (Harington) 
Cypselus pacificus cooki Harington, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 31, 1913, p. 57. 
(Goteik Caves, northern Shan States.) 


Shan States, Malay States, southern China (Kwangsi), northern Siam 
and Laos. 


250 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Apus unicolor unicolor (Jardine) 
Cypselus unicolor Jardine, Edinburgh Journ. Nat. and Geogr. Sci., 1, 
1830, p. 242, pl. 6. (Madeira.) 


Madeira and the western Canary Islands. 


Apus unicolor alexandri Hartert 
Apus unicolor alexandri Hartert, Nov. Zool., 8, 1901, p. 328. (Sao 
Nicolaéo, Cape Verde Islands.) 
Cape Verde Islands. 


Apus unicolor poensis (Alexander) 
Cypselus poensis Alexander, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 13, 1903, p. 33. (Sipopo, 
Fernando Po.) 
Confined to the Island of Fernando Po. 


Apus myoptilus (Salvadori) 

Cypselus myoptilus Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 26, 1888, p. 228. 
(Let-Marefia, Shoa.) 

Micropus achimodz Vincent, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1933, p. 172. 
(Palombe, 2300 feet, lat. 15° 50’S., long. 35° 40’ E., Mlanje district, 
Nyasaland.) 

Known from four specimens as follows: the type (a juvenal), one from 

Nanyuki, Kenya Colony, one from Mt. Kilimanjaro, one from Nyasaland 
(type of achimodzz).1 


Apus batesi (Sharpe) 
Cypselus batesi Sharpe, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 14, 1904, p. 63. (Efulen, 
Cameroon.) 
Cameroon and the Semliki Valley of the eastern Belgian Congo. 


Apus caffer streubelii (Hartlaub) 
Cypselus Streubelii Hartlaub, Journ. f. Orn., 9, 1861, p. 418. (Keren, 
Eritrea.) 
Egyptian Sudan and Ethiopia south to Uganda and Kenya Colony. 


Apus caffer ansorgei (W. L. Sclater) 
Micropus caffer ansorget W. L. Sclater, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 42, 1922, 
p. 63. (Ndalla Tando, Angola.) 


Portuguese Congo and northern Angola. 


Apus caffer caffer (Lichtenstein) 
Cypselus Caffer Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, 
p. 58. (Kaffirland and Nubia, ¢.e. eastern Cape Province.) 
Breeds in South Africa south of the Zambesi; winter quarters not known. 


1 See Grant and Mackworth-Praed, antea, p. 51. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 251 


Apus horus ! (Heuglin) 
Cypselus affinis var. Cypselus Horus “Hartl. and Finsch,”’ Heuglin, 
Orn. Nord-Ost Afr., 1, 1869, p. 147. (Northeastern Africa.) 
Epicypselus horus australis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 13, 1929, 
p. 73. (Koster, Rustenberg district, Transvaal.) 
Epicypselus horus beirensis Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus., 13, 1929, 
p. 73. (Zimbiti, Beira, Mozambique.) 
Known from Darfur and Ethiopia south through Kenya Colony to 
Mount Kilimanjaro; Portuguese Congo; Nyasaland; Southern Rhodesia; 
northern Bechuanaland; Portuguese East Africa. 


Apus affinis bannermani Hartert 
Apus affinis bannermani Hartert, Nov. Zool., 34, 1928, p. 365. 
(Pedroma, Sio Thomé.) 


Islands of Sao Thomé, Principe and Fernando Po. 


Apus affinis abessynicus (Streubel) 

Cypselus abessynicus Streubel, Isis von Oken, 1848, col. 354. (Ethiopia 
= Massawa, Eritrea as fixed by Grant and Mackworth-Praed, Bull. 
Brit. Orn. Cl., 58, 1937, p. 21.) 

Africa from Gambia eastward to Ethiopia and Somaliland, south to 

northern Angola and Nyasaland, rarely to Cape Province. 


Apus affinis galilejensis (Antinori) 
Cypselus Galilejensis ? Antinori, Naumannia, 1855, p. 307. (Sea of 
Galilee, Palestine.) 
Micropus koenigi Reichenow, Orn. Monatsb., 2, 1894, p. 191. (Jebel 
el Meda, Tunisia.) 
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and southern Sahara (Air); Syria, Palestine, 
Transcaspia, Persia and Baluchistan. 


Apus affinis affinis (J. E. Gray) 


Cypselus affinis J. E. Gray, in Gray and Hardwicke’s Ilustr. Indian 
Zool., 1, pt. 2, 1830, pl. 35, f. 2. (No locality = Ganges.) 


Northwestern India eastward to Bengal, south to Sind and southward 
over the Indian Peninsula. 


Apus affinis singalensis Madardsz 
Apus singalensis Madardsz, Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Nat. Hungar., 9, 
1911, p. 420, pl. 16, f. 4. (Ceylon.) 


Ceylon, and probably Travancore. 


1 While it is entirely possible that there may be one or more geographic 
races of this swift in southern Africa, none can be recognized until a revision 
based on adequate material is made. 


252 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Apus affinis nipalensis (Hodgson) 
Cypselus Nipalensis Hodgson, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 5, 1836, p. 780. 
(Central region of Nepal.) 
Nepal, Bhutan and the Kamrup district of Assam. 


Apus affinis subfurcatus (Blyth) 
Cypselus subfurcatus Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 18, pt. 2, 1849, 
p. 807. (Penang.) 

Assam, southern China from Yunnan to Fukien, south to Burma, 
Malay Peninsula, Siam and Indochina; Anamba Islands, Sumatra, Rhio 
Archipelago, Billiton, Java, Borneo, North Natuna Islands; casual in 
the Philippines, Formosa and the Borodino Islands. 


Apus andecolus parvulus (Berlepsch and Stolzmann) 


Micropus andecola parvulus Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
London, 1892, p. 384, note 1. (Ica, Peru.) 


Andes of western Peru and extreme northern Chile. 


Apus andecolus peruvianus (Chapman) 


Micropus peruvianus Chapman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 32, 1919, p, 253, 
f. 1. (Ollantaytambo, 9700 feet, Peru.) 


Andes of southeastern Peru in the Urubamba and Marcapata valleys. 


Apus andecolus andecolus (d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye) 
Cypselus andecolus d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye, Syn. Av., in Rev. Zool., 
1837, cl. 2, pl. 77-79, p. 70. (La Paz, Bolivia.) 
Cypcelus [sic] andecolus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Mérid., 1844, Ois., p. 358; 
Atlas, Ois., pl. 42, f. 2. (La Paz, Cavari and Inquisivi, Bolivia.) ! 
Apus andecolus dinellit Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 23, 1908, p. 43. 
(Angosta Perchela, 2550 metres, Jujuy, Argentina.) 
Andes of Bolivia in departments of La Paz and Cochabamba; western 
Argentina in states of Jujuy, Catamarca, Tucumdn, Mendoza, Cérdoba, 
La Rioja and San Juan. 


Genus AERONAUTES Hartert 


Aéronautes Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 436 (in key), 
p. 459. Type, by monotypy, Cypselus melanoleucus Baird = Acan- 
thylis saxatalis Woodhouse. 

Duidia Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 11. Type, by 
original designation and monotypy, Duidia tatei Chapman. 

cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 687-690. 


1 According to Berlepsch and Stolzmann, supra, the type is from Yuracares, 
Bolivia. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 953 


Aéronautes saxatalis saxatalis (Woodhouse) 


Acanthylis saxatalis Woodhouse, in Sitgreaves’ Rept. Exped. Zuni and 
Colorado Rivers, 1853, p. 64. (Inscription Rock, New Mexico.) 


Cypselus melanoleucus Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 7, 1854, 
p. 118. (Camp 123, west of San Francisco Mountains, Arizona.) 4 


Breeds from south-central British Columbia and southern Alberta, 
south to Lower California and central Mexico, east to western South 
Dakota, western Nebraska and the Chisos Mountains, Texas. Winters 
from west-central California south to Mexico. 


Aéronautes saxatalis nigrior Dickey and van Rossem 


Aeronautes saxatalis nigrior Dickey and van Rossem, Condor, 30, 1928, 
p. 193. (Los Esesmiles, 7000 feet, Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador.) 


Highlands of Guatemala and El Salvador; intergrades with A. s. sava- 
talis in central Mexico. 


Aéronautes montivagus montivagus (d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye) 


Cypselus montivagus d’Orbigny and Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., 1837, cl. 2, 
pl. 77-79, p. 70. (Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia.) 

Cypcelus [sic] montivagus d’Orbigny, Voy. Am. Mérid., 1844, Ois., 
p. 357; Atlas, pl. 42, f. 1. (Between Samaypata and Santa Cruz de 
la Sierra, Bolivia.) ? 

Mountains of Peru, Bolivia and northern Venezuela. 


Aéronautes montivagus tatei (Chapman) 
Duidia tatei Chapman, Am. Mus. Novit., no. 380, 1929, p. 11. (High 
Point Camp, Mt. Duida, 7100 feet, Venezuela.) 


Known only from the unique type; perhaps not different from the 
typical form. 


Genus PANYPTILA CaBanis 


Panyptila Cabanis, Arch. f. Naturg., 18, 1847, Bd. 1, p. 345. Type, by 
original designation and monotypy, Hirundo cayennensis Gmelin. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 690-693. 


Panyptila sancti-hieronymi Salvin 
Panyptila sancti-hieronymi Salvin, Proce. Zool. Soc. London, 1863, 
p. 190, pl. 23.3 (San Geronimo, Vera Paz.) 


Mountains of western Guatemala. 


1 For argument for adoption of the name sazatalis over melanoleucus see 
Oberholser, Auk, 37, 1920, p. 294-295. 

2 For reasons for transfer of this species from Apus see Chapman, Bull. 
Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 63, 1931, p. 68-70. 

3 The plate is lettered Panyptila sancti-jerome. 


254 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Panyptila cayennensis (Gmelin) 


Hirundo cayennensis! Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1, pt. 2, 1789, p. 1024. 
(Cayenne.) 


Central America from southeastern Nicaragua to the Canal Zone; 
South America from Colombia south to Ecuador, eastward through 
Venezuela and the Guianas and south to Bahia and Sao Paulo; islands of 
Trinidad and Tobago. 


Genus TACHORNIS Gosse 


Tachornis Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 58. Type, by monotypy, 
Tachornis phoenicobia Gosse. 


cf. Ridgway, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 50, pt. 5, 1911, p. 693-695. 


Tachornis phoenicobia iradii (Lembeye) 


Cypselus iradii Lembeye, Aves de la Isla de Cuba, 1850, p. 50, pl. 7, 
f. 4.2 (Cuba.) 


Cuba and the Isle of Pines. 


Tachornis phoenicobia phoenicobia Gosse 
Tachornis phenicobia Gosse, Bds. Jamaica, 1847, p. 58. (Jamaica.) 
Hispaniola and Jamaica. 


Genus MICROPANYPTILA Sutton 


Micropanyptila Sutton, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 135. Type, by original 
designation and monotypy, Micropanyptila furcata Sutton. 
cf. Sutton, t. c., p. 1385-136. 


Micropanyptila furcata Sutton 
Micropanyptila furcata Sutton, Auk, 45, 1928, p. 135, pl. 6. (Guachi, 
Zulia, Venezuela.) 


Known only from a pair collected at the type locality in northwestern 
Venezuela. 


Genus REINARDA HartTert 


Claudia Hartert, Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus., 16, 1892, p. 436 (in key), p, 469. 
Type, by monotypy, Cypselus squamatus Cassin. Not Claudia Stal, 
1865, Insecta. 

Reinarda Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 36, 1915, p. 7. New name to 
replace Claudia Hartert, preoccupied. 


cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 82. 
1 This name is almost invariably quoted ‘‘cayanensis’” but is spelled cay- 


ennensis in each of two copies of Gmelin’s Systema Naturae examined by me. 
2 The plate is lettered Cypselus Yradit. 


FAMILY APODIDAE 255 


Reinarda squamata semota Riley 
Reinarda squamata semota Riley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 46, 1933, p. 39. 
(El Mango, Brazo Casiquiare, Venezuela.) 
Known only from the region about Mt. Duida and the upper Orinoco 
in southern Venezuela; the birds recorded from eastern Peru may be 
referable here. 


Reinarda squamata squamata (Cassin) 
Cypselus sgquamatus Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 6, 1853, p. 369. 
(British Guiana.) 
The Guianas south to Goyaz, western Minas Geraés and Bahia; the 
birds recorded from Trinidad are probably referable here. 


Genus CYPSIURUS Lesson 


Cypsiurus Lesson, Echo du Monde Savant, Ann. 10, 2me sem., 1843, 
p. 1384. Type, by monotypy, Cypselus ambrosiacus Temminck = 
Cypselus parvus Lichtenstein. 

Tachynautes Oberholser, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 28, 1905, p. 860. New 
name for Cypsiurus Lesson on grounds of preoccupation by Cypsilurus 
Swainson 1839, Pisces. 1 Same type. 

cf. Stuart Baker, Fauna Brit. India, ed. 2, Bds. 4, 1927, p. 336-339. 
Bannerman, Bds. Trop. W. Afr., 3, 1933, p. 195-198. 

Friedmann, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 153, 1930, p. 318-320. 

Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 81-82 (Tachornis part, 
species 1, 2, and 3). 

McGregor, Man. Phil. Bds., pt. 1, 1909, p. 360. 


Cypsiurus parvus parvus (Lichtenstein) 
Cypselus parvus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. zool. Mus. Berlin, 1823, 
p. 58. (Nubia.) 

Tachornis parvus griseus Zedlitz, Orn. Monatsb., 18, 1910, p. 58. (Adi- 

abo Steppe, northern Ethiopia.) 

Senegal eastward across southern French Sudan and the Egyptian 
Sudan to northern Ethiopia, south to Portuguese Guinea and the hinter- 
land of Gold Coast and Nigeria; southward limits further eastward not 
exactly known, but probably coincident with the limits of the thorn-scrub 
Savanna belt. 


Cypsiurus parvus brachypterus (Reichenow) 
Tachornis parvus brachypterus Reichenow, Vég. Afr., 2, 1903, p. 386. 
(West Africa from Gambia to Damaraland; the type is from Chin- 
choxo, Cabinda.) 


1 See also Opinion no. 26 of the International Commission on Zoological 
Nomenclature wherein the correction of Cypsilurus to Cypselurus is au- 
thorized. 


256 CHECK—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


Tachornis uamensis Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 69, 1921, p. 47. Upper 
Sanga region, northeastern Cameroon.) 


West African forest area from Sierra Leone to the northern Belgian 
Congo and south to Gaboon and northern Angola; Island of Fernando Po. 


Cypsiurus parvus myochrous (Reichenow) 
Cypselus myochrous Reichenow, Journ. f. Orn., 34, 1886, p. 116. (Kar- 
ema, Tanganyika Territory.) 
Tachornis parvus laemostigma Reichenow, Vog. Afr., 3, 1905, p. 828. 
(Southern Somaliland.) 


East Africa from southern Ethiopia to the Zambesi River. 


Cypsiurus parvus gracilis (Sharpe) 
Cypselus gracilis Sharpe, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1871, p. 315. 
(Madagascar.) 
Madagascar. 


Cypsiurus parvus balasiensis (J. E. Gray) 
Cypselus Balasiensis J. E. Gray, in Griffith’s Anim. Kingdom, 7, 1829, 
p. 60. (India, restricted to Calcutta by Stuart Baker, antea, p. 336.) 
Cypselus palmarum J. E. Gray, in Gray and Hardwicke’s Illustr. Indian 
Zool., 1, 1830, pt. 2, pl. 35, figs. la and 1b. (No locality = Cawn- 
pore.) ! 


Locally distributed in India, Bengal and Assam north of the Brah- 
maputra; Ceylon. 


Cypsiurus parvus infumatus (Sclater) 


Cypselus infumatus Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1865, p. 602. 
(Banjermassing, Borneo.) 
Assam south of the Brahmaputra, Shan States, Burma, Siam and 
Indochina; Island of Hainan; Malay Peninsula; Tambelan Islands, 
Sumatra, Java, Bali, Billiton, and Borneo. 


Cypsiurus parvus pallidior (McGregor) 
Tachornis pallidior McGregor, Bur. Govt. Labs., no. 25, 1905, p. 27. 
(Anao, Tarlac Province, Luzon.) 
Philippine Islands: Luzon, Ticao, Cebu, Bohol and Mindanao. 
1 Stuart Baker recognizes palmarum as a pale race inhabiting the less humid 


portions of northwestern India; Whistler and Kinnear (Journ. Bombay Nat. 
Hist. Soc., 38, 1935, p. 32) doubt whether it can be maintained. 


FAMILY HEMIPROCNIDAE cai 


Famity HEMIPROCNIDAE ! 
GENus HEMIPROCNE Nirzscw? 


Hemiprocnes [nominative plural] Nitzsch, Obs. Av. Arter. Carot. 
Comm., 1829, p. 15 and note. Type, by subsequent designation, 
Cypselus longipennis Temminck = Hirundo longipennis Rafinesque 
(Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 68.) 

cf. Chasen, Bull. Raffles Mus., no. 11, 1935, p: 113. 
Hartert, Das Tierreich, Aves, Lief. 1, 1897, p. 62-65. 
Stresemann, Arch. f. Naturg., 89, Abth. A, 1923, Heft 8, p. 29-30 
(races of mystacea). 


Hemiprocne longipennis coronata (Tickell) 
Hirundo Coronata Tickell, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, 2, 1833, p. 580. 
(Jungles of Borabhum and Dholbhum.) * 
Ceylon: India generally (except Sind, the Punjab and the drier less 
well-wooded parts) east to eastern Assam and southward through Burma 
to central Tenasserim; Siam; Indochina from Laos to Cambodia. 


Hemiprocne longipennis harterti Stresemann 
Hemiprocne longipennis hartertt Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 20, 1913, 
p. 339. (Deli, Sumatra.) 
Hemiprocne longipennis anochra Oberholser, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 
no. 159, 1932, p. 42. (Bunguran Island, Natuna Islands.) 


Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, 
Rhio Archipelago, Banka, Billiton, Karimata Islands, Borneo, north 
Bornean Islands, Anamba Islands, North Natuna Islands. 


Hemiprocne longipennis perlonga (Richmond) 
Macropteryx perlonga Richmond, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 26, 1903, p. 502. 
_ (Simalur Island.) 


Simalur Island. 


?Hemiprocne longipennis ocyptera Oberholser 


Hemiprocne longipennis ocyptera Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 
1912, no. 7, p. 7. (Lafau, Nias Island.) 


Nias Island. Requires confirmation. 


1 Formerly called Macropterygidae. 

2 Replaces Macropteryx Swainson, 1832. For details see Oberholser, Proc. 
Biol. Soe. Wash., 19, 1906, p. 67-69. 

3 This is a well-marked representative form of longipennis, not a distinct 
species as it is usually treated. 


258 CHECK-—LIST OF BIRDS OF THE WORLD 


?Hemiprocne longipennis thoa Oberholser 


Hemiprocne longipennis thoa Oberholser, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 60, 
1912, no. 7, p. 8. (Pulo Pinie, Batu Islands.) 


Batu Islands, Pagi Islands (?), Engano Island (?). Requires con- 
firmation. 


Hemiprocne longipennis longipennis (Rafinesque) 


Hirundo longipennis Rafinesque, Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris, 3, 
1802, p. 153. (Java.) 


Java and Bali. 


Hemiprocne longipennis wallacii (Gould) 


Dendrochelidon wallacit Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1859, p. 100. 
(Makassar, Celebes.) 


Celebes, Peling, Banggai, Salayer, Sula Islands. 


Hemiprocne mystacea confirmata Stresemann 


Hemiprocne mystacea confirmata Stresemann, Nov. Zool., 21, 1914, 
p. 110. (Amahei, Ceram.) 


Moluccas: Morotai, Halmahera, Ternate, Batjan, Obi, Buru, Ceram, 
Amboina, Haruku; Aru Islands. 


Hemiprocne mystacea mystacea (Lesson) 


Cypselus mystaceus Lesson, Voy. ‘Coquille,’ Atlas, 1827, pl. 22; Zool. 
1830, p. 647. (New Guinea.) 


Gebe, Waigeu, Batanta, Misol, New Guinea, Numfor, Jobi. 


Hemiprocne mystacea aéroplanes Stresemann 


Hemiprocne mystacea aéroplanes Stresemann, Anz. Orn. Ges. Bayern, 
no. 5, 1921, p. 38. (Blanche Bay, New Britain.) 


New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York Island; Admiralty Islands (?). 


Hemiprocne mystacea woodfordiana (Hartert) 


Macropteryx mystacea woodfordiana Hartert, Nov. Zool., 3, 1896, p. 19. 
(Guadalcanar.) 


Solomon Islands: recorded from Vella Lavella, Kulambangra, Guadal- 
canar, Malaita and Rennell. 


Hemiprocne comata comata (Temminck) 
Cypselus comatus Temminck, PI. col., livr. 45, 1824, pl. 268. (Sumatra.) 


Southern Tenasserim southward over the Malay Peninsula; Sumatra, 
Rhio Archipelago, Nias (?),! Batu Islands (?),! Siberut (2), jee 
Anamba Islands, North Natuna Islands. 


1 Birds from these islands may prove referable to stresemannt. 


FAMILY HEMIPROCNIDAE 259 


Hemiprocne comata stresemanni Neumann 


Hemiprocne comata stresemanni Neumann, Bull. Brit. Orn. Cl., 52, 
1937, p. 151. (North Pagi Island.) 


Pagi Islands. 


Hemiprocne comata major (Hartert) 


Macropteryx comata major Hartert, Nov. Zool., 2, 1895, p. 473. (Philip- 
pine Islands; type from Luzon.) 


Philippine Islands generally except the islands occupied by the next 
form. 
Hemiprocne comata nakamurai Hachisuka 


Hemiprocne major nakamurai Hachisuka, Orn. Soc. Japan, Suppl. Publ. 
no. 14, 1930, p. 172. (Samal Island, off Davao, Mindanao.) 


Philippine Islands; Mindanao, Samal, Basilan. 


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aagaardi, Bubo, 122 
aagaardi, Ketupa, 122 
abbotti, Coecyzus, 44 
abbotti, Nyctibius, 181 
abbotti, Phodilus, 86 
abessynicus, Apus, 251 
abessynicus, Cypselus, 251 
abyssinicus, Asio, 168 
abyssinicus, Otus, 168 
acadicus, Aegolius, 173 
acadica, Strix, 173 
accipitrinus, Asio, 169 
accrae, Caprimulgus, 211 
achimodzi, Micropus, 250 
acutus, Cypselus, 238 
acuta, Hirundo, 239 
acuticaudus, Apus, 249 
acuticauda, Cypselus, 249 
acutipennis, Caprimulgus, 187 
acutipennis, Chordeiles, 187 
Adamatornis, 29 

addendus, Cacomantis, 25 
addenda, Ninox, 137 
Adetococcyx, 29 
Aegialornithidae, 220 
Aegolius, 171 

Aegotheles, 181 
Aegothelidae, 181 
aegyptius, Caprimulgus, 205 
aegyptius, Centropus, 74 
aegyptius, Cuculus, 74 
aenigma, Collocalia, 225 
aequatorialis, Apus, 246 
aequatorialis, Asio, 169 
aequatorialis, Chordeiles, 187 
aequatorialis, Ciccaba, 108 
aequatorialis, Cypselus, 246 
aequatorialis, Neomorphus, 62 
aequatorialis, Otus, 108 
aereus, Ceuthmochares, 50 
aereus, Cuculus, 50 
Aerodramus, 220 
Aéronautes, 252 

aerophila, Collocalia, 227 
aéroplanes, Hemiprocne, 258 
Aérornis, 235 


INDEX 


aeruginosus, Cacomantis, 24 
aethalea, Chaetura, 239 
aethereus, Caprimulgus, 180 
aethereus, Nyctibius, 180 
affinis, Aegotheles, 183 
affinis, Apus, 251 

affinis, Batrachostomus, 179 
affinis, Caprimulgus, 213 
affinis, Collocalia, 229 
affinis, Cypselus, 251 

affinis, Geococcyx, 61 
affinis, Ninox, 142 

affinis, Strix, 78 

affinis, Taccocua, 53 

affinis, Tyto, 78 

africanus, Apus, 245 
africanus, Bubo, 118 
africanus, Crinifer, 10 
africanus, Cypselus, 245 
africanus, Macrodipteryx, 217 
africanus, Phasianus, 10 
africana, Strix, 118 

agnota, Collocalia, 228 
aharonii, Bubo, 114 
aheneus, Chalcites, 33 
aikeni, Megascops, 101 
aikeni, Otus, 101 

alba, Strix, 77 

alba, Tyto, 77 

albani, Cuculus, 27 

albaria, Ninox, 140 

alberti, Eudynamys, 39 
albertisi, Aegotheles, 184 
albescens, Strix, 161 
albicauda, Caprimulgus, 201 
albicauda, Stenopsis, 201 
albicincta, Hemiprocne, 234 
albicincta, Streptoprocne, 234 
albicollis, Caprimulgus, 193 
albicollis, Nyctidromus, 193 
albidiventris, Centropus, 67 
albifacies, Athene, 147 
albifacies, Sceloglaux, 147 
albifrons, Chalcites, 33 
albifrons, Tyto, 85 
albitarsus, Ciccaba, 155 


264 


albitarse, Syrnium, 155 
albiventer, Glaucidium, 131 
albiventris, Otus, 97 
albiventris, Scops, 97 
albogilva, Strix, 162 
albo-gularis, Caprimulgus, 190 
albo-gularis, Eurostopodus, 190 
albo-gularis, Otus, 108 
albo-gularis, Syrnium, 108 
albolaxatus, Caprimulgus, 208 
albomaculata, Ninox, 137 
albonotatus, Caprimulgus, 206 
albonotatus, Coccystes, 13 
aldabrensis, Caprimulgus, 206 
alexandrae, Tyto, 80 
alexandri, Apus, 250 

alfredi, Cypselus, 246 

alfredi, Otus, 89 

alfredi, Pisorhina, 89 

algistus, Asio, 110 

algistus, Bubo, 110 

alleni, Strix, 161 

Alterapus, 235 

alticola, Otus, 106 

altissima, Streptoprocne, 234 
aluco, Strix, 159 

amaura, Speotyto, 151 
amauronota, Strix, 84 
ambiguus, Caprimulgus, 207 
Amblypterus, 220 
ambrosiacus, Cypselus, 255 
amechana, Collocalia, 224 
amelis, Collocalia, 224 
americanus, Caprimulgus, 194 
americanus, Coccyzus, 41 
americanus, Cuculus, 41 
americanus, Siphonorhis, 194 
amerimnus, Asio, 118 
amethystinus, Chalcites, 31 
amethystina, Lampromorpha, 31 
amoyensis, Caprimulgus, 213 
amplonotata, Ciccaba, 154 
anamesus, Caprimulgus, 207 
anchietae, Chaetura, 242 
andamanensis, Centropus, 71 
andamanicus, Caprimulgus, 207 
andecolus, Apus, 252 
andecolus, Cypselus, 252 
andrei, Chaetura, 240 
andrewsmithi, Asio, 171 
andria, Saurothera, 49 
angelinae, Otus, 89 


INDEX 


angelinae, Pisorhina, 89 
angeri, Caprimulgus, 205 
angolensis, Centropus, 74 
ani, Crotophaga, 57 
anochra, Hemiprocne, 257 
anomalus, Amblypterus, 220 
anomalus, Eleothreptus, 220 
anonymous, Centropus, 70 
anselli, Centropus, 73 
ausorgei, Apus, 250 
ansorgei, Micropus, 250 
anthonyi, Caprimulgus, 202 
anthonyi, Setopagis, 202 
Antiurus, 196 
Antrostomus, 196 
apatelius, Caprimulgus, 216 
apatelius, Scotornis, 216 
apertus, Caprimulgus, 201 
Apodi, 220 

Apodidae, 220 
Apodiformes, 220 
Apodinae, 244 

apoensis, Collocalia, 221 
Apus, 244 

apus, Apus, 246 

apus, Hirundo, 246 
arabicus, Chrysococcyx, 30 
archboldi, Eurostopodus, 191 
archboldi, Lyncornis, 191 
archeri, Apus, 245 

arfaki, Strix, 83 

arfaki, Tyto, 83 
arfakianus, Cacomantis, 26 
argus, Caprimulgus, 190 
argus, Eurostopus, 190 
arixuthus, Phodilus, 86 
arizonae, Antrostomus, 199 
arizonae, Caprimulgus, 199 
armeniacus, Bubo, 114 
arubensis, Speotyto, 152 
aruensis, Centropus, 68 
aruensis, Nesocentor, 68 
aruensis, Ninox, 136 
aruensis, Noctua, 136 
aruensis, Rossornis, 209 
ascalaphus, Bubo, 117 
aserriensis, Chordeiles, 188 
asiaticus, Caprimulgus, 211 
Asio, 167 

asio, Otus, 101 

asio, Strix, 101 

aspersus, Megascops, 103 


aspersus, Otus, 103 

assimilis, Collocalia, 228 
assimilis, Ninox, 137 
assimilis, Phodilus, 86 
assumptionis, Centropus, 71 
astrolabae, Eurystopodus, 191 
ateralbus, Centropus, 68 
Athene, 147 

Athenoptera, 86 

athertoni, Cuculus, 27 
atricapillus, Otus, 106 
atricapilla, Strix, 106 
atripennis, Caprimulgus, 207 
atripunctatus, Caprimulgus, 200 
atripunctata, Systellura, 200 
audeberti, Cuculus, 14 
audeberti, Pachycoccyx, 14 
aurantia, Strix, 83 

aurantia, Tyto, 83 

auritus, Batrachostomus, 177 
auritus, Podargus, 177 
aurivilli, Cuculus, 17 
auspicabilis, Bubo, 116 
austini, Pulsatrix, 124 
australis, Ceuthmochares, 51 
australis, Epicypselus, 251 
australis, Lamprococcyx, 32 
australis, Neomorphus, 62 


bactriana, Athene, 148 
badius, Antrostomus, 198 
badius, Caprimulgus, 198 
badius, Phodilus, 86 
badia, Strix, 86 

bagobo, Collocalia, 230 
bahamensis, Saurothera, 49 
bahamensis, Speotyto, 151 
baileyi, Podargus, 176 
bakeri, Apus, 246 

bakeri, Cuculus, 19 
bakkamoena, Otus, 99 
balasiensis, Cypselus, 256 
balasiensis, Cypsiurus, 256 
balia, Pisorhina, 88 

balli, Ephialtes, 89 

balli, Otus, 89 

balstoni, Apus, 248 
balstoni, Cypselus, 248 
bangsi, Cuculus, 18 
bangueyensis, Chalcites, 31 
banken, Centropus, 76 
bannermani, Apus, 251 


INDEX 


bannermani, Proturacus, 6 
bannermani, Tauraco, 6 
barbarus, Bubo, 117 
barbarus, Otus, 104 
barbarus, Scops, 104 
barbatus, Apus, 247 
barbatus, Cypselus, 247 
barbata, Strix, 165 
barberoi, Asio, 168 

bargei, Strix, 81 

bargei, Tyto, 81 

barnardi, Chrysococcyx, 34 
bartelsi, Caprimulgus, 214 
bartelsi, Collocalia, 224 
bartelsi, Strix, 158 
bartelsi, Syrnium, 158 
bartschi, Collocalia, 224 
baru, Collocalia, 228 
barussarum, Surniculus, 35 
basalis, Chalcites, 31 
basalis, Cuculus, 31 
bascanica, Pisorhina, 90 
baschkiricus, Bubo, 114 
batesi, Apus, 250 

batesi, Caprimulgus, 215 
batesi, Cypselus, 250 
Batrachostomus, 177 
baweana, Strix, 157 
beccarii, Otus, 97 

beccarii, Scops, 97 
bechuanae, Corythaixoides, 11 
beckeri, Speotyto, 153 
becki, Collocalia, 231 
becki, Speotyto, 150 
beickianus, Aegolius, 173 
beirensis, Epicypselus, 251 
belli, Cuculus, 19 

belli, Urodynamis, 40 
bendirei, Otus, 100 
bendirei, Scops, 100 
bengalensis, Bubo, 117 
bengalensis, Centropus, 72 
bengalensis, Cuculus, 72 
bengalensis, Otus, 117 
benguellensis, Chaetura, 240 
bennettii, Aegotheles, 183 
bergiana, Nyctale, 162 
Berneyornis, 136 
bernsteini, Centropus, 69 
biddulphi, Strix, 160 
bifasciatus, Caprimulgus, 200 
bihagi, Cacomantis, 26 


265 


266 


bimaculatus, Caprimulgus, 207 
binotatus, Caprimulgus, 192 
binotatus, Veles, 192 
biscutata, Chaetura, 234 
biscutata, Streptoprocne, 234 
blakistoni, Bubo, 121 
blakistoni, Ketupa, 121 
blandus, Cacomantis, 25 
blanfordi, Syrnium, 160 
blewitti, Athene, 150 
blewitti, Heteroglaux, 150 
blighi, Bubo, 119 

blighi, Huhua, 119 

bocki, Cuculus, 15 

bocki, Hierococcyx, 15 
béhmi, Chaetura, 242 

bohmi, Mearnsia, 242 
bogotensis, Asio, 169 
bohndorffi, Ciccaba, 155 
bohndorffi, Syrnium, 155 
boholensis, Otus, 100 
boliviana, Piaya, 47 
boliviana, Pulsatrix, 125 
boobook, Ninox, 139 
boobook, Strix, 1389 

borealis, Cypselus, 243 
borealis, Nephoecetes, 243 
borelliana, Ciccaba, 154 
borellianum, Syrnium, 154 
borissowi, Bubo, 115 
borneense, Glaucidium, 133 
borneensis, Melias, 51 
borneensis, Ninox, 142 
borneensis, Rhamphococcyx, 56 
borneensis, Rhopodytes, 51 
borneensis, Strix, 142 
botelensis, Otus, 92 
bouchellii, Streptoprocne, 234 
bourdilloni, Eurostopodus, 191 
bourdilloni, Lyncornis, 191 
bouruensis, Otus, 97 
bouruensis, Scops, 97 
bouvieri, Scotopelia, 123 
boweri, Spiloglaux, 139 
brachypterus, Cypsiurus, 255 
brachypterus, Podargus, 176 
brachyptera, Speotyto, 152 
brachypterus, Tachornis, 255 
brachyura, Acanthylis, 241 
brachyurus, Caprimulgus, 183 
brachyura, Chaetura, 241 
brachyurus, Surniculus, 35 


INDEX 


bracteatus, Nyctibius, 181 
bradfieldi, Apus, 246 
bradfieldi, Micropus, 246 
brama, Athene, 150 

brama, Strix, 150 
brasilianus, Caprimulgus, 218 
brasilianum, Glaucidium, 131 
brasiliana, Hydropsalis, 218 
brasiliana, Strix, 131 
brasiliensis, Tapera, 59 
brazzae, Coccystes, 14 
brehmorum, Apus, 248 
breviauris, Asio, 169 
brevicauda, Chaetura, 242 
brevirostris, Collocalia, 223 
brevirostris, Hirundo, 223 
brewsteri, Microsiphonorhis, 195 
brewsteri, Otus, 100 
brewsteri, Siphonorhis, 195 
brisbannensis, Cuculus, 26 
britanniae, Ninox, 145 
brodiei, Glaucidium, 133 
brodiei, Noctua, 133 
bronzinus, Cacomantis, 27 
brookii, Otus, 95 

brookii, Scops, 95 

brooksi, Aegolius, 173 
brooksi, Cryptoglaux, 173 
brucei, Ephialtes, 89 

brucei, Otus, 89 

briigeli, Athene, 134 

briigeli, Glaucidium, 134 
brunnescens, Nyctiphrynus, 196 
brunnescens, Strix, 161 
brunnitorques, Chaetura, 239 
Bubo, 110 

bubo, Bubo, 113 

bubo, Strix, 113 

Buboninae, 86 

bubutus, Centropus, 70 
birgersi, Chaetura, 242 
biirgersi, Mearnsia, 242 
biittikoferi, Bubo, 123 
bittneri, Turacus, 3 

buffoni, Opoethus, 3 

buffoni, Tauraco, 3 
burbidgei, Otus, 87 
burchellii, Centropus,{75 
burmanicus, Caprimulgus, 212 
burmanica, Ninox, 141 
butleri, Asio, 156 

butleri, Strix, 156 


INDEX 267 


cabanisi, Corythaix, 4 
cabanisi, Piaya, 48 
cabanisi, Tauraco, 4 
cabrae, Strix, 84 
Cacomantis, 22 

cactorum, Glaucidium, 130 
caecus, Otus, 93 

caerulea, Coua, 66 
eaeruleus, Cuculus, 66 
caeruleiceps, Centropus, 73 
caerulescens, Turacus, 7 
cafer, Clamator, 13 

cafer, Cuculus, 13 

caffer, Apus, 250 

caffer, Cypselus, 250 
Caffrapus, 244 

calayensis, Otus, 92 
Caliechthrus, 35 
californiana, Geococcyx, 61 
californiana, Saurothera, 61 
californicum, Glaucidium, 128 
californicus, Phalaenoptilus, 194 
caligatus, Bubo, 158 
caligata, Strix, 158 
Calobates, 64 
calyorhynchus, Phaenicophaeus, 55 
calyorhynchus, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
canariensis, Asio, 167 
candicans, Caprimulgus, 201 
candicans, Stenopsis, 201 
candida, Strix, 84 
canescens, Hydropsalis, 218 
canescens, Pachycoccyx, 14 
canorus, Cuculus, 18 
caparoch, Strix, 127 
caparoch, Surnia, 127 
capensis, Asio, 170 
capensis, Bubo, 118 
capense, Glaucidium, 133 
capensis, Noctua, 133 
capensis, Otus, 93, 170 
capensis, Podargus, 175 
capensis, Scops, 93, 95 
capensis, Strix, 84 

capensis, Tyto, 84 

capnitis, Collocalia, 223 
capnodes, Otus, 95 
capnodes, Scops, 95 
Caprimulgi, 175 
Caprimulgiformes, 174 
Caprimulgidae, 184 
Caprimulginae, 189 


Caprimulgus, 196 

caprius, Chrysococcyx, 30 
caprius, Cuculus, 30 
cardonensis, Otus, 102 
caripensis, Steatornis, 174 
carlo, Apus, 247 

caroli, Coccystes, 13 
carolinensis, Caprimulgus, 197 
carpenteri, Centropus, 71 
Carpococcyx, 64 

carrikeri, Speotyto, 152 
carteri, Chrysococcyx, 32 
cassini, Chaetura, 242 

cassini, Mearnsia, 242 

cassini, Otus, 104 

cassini, Scops, 104 
castaneiventris, Cacomantis, 26 
castaneiventris, Cuculus, 26 
castaneum, Glaucidium, 132 
castanonota, Athene, 134 
castanonotum, Glaucidium, 133 
castanops, Strix, 83 
castanops, Tyto, 83 
castanopterus, Athene, 133 
castanopterum, Glaucidium, 134 
castanoptera, Strix, 134 
caucae, Piaya, 46 

caucasicus, Aegolius, 172 
caucasica, Athene, 148 
caucasica, Carine, 148 
caucasica, Nyctala, 172 
caudacutus, Hirund-apus, 232 
caudacuta, Hirundo, 232 
caurina, Strix, 160 

caurinum, Syrnium, 160 
cavicola, Speotyto, 151 
cayanus, Cuculus, 47 

cayana, Piaya, 47 

cayelii, Strix, 82 

cayelii, Tyto, 82 

cayennensis, Caprimulgus, 201 
cayennensis, Hirundo, 254 
cayennensis, Panyptila, 254 
caymanensis, Coccyzus, 43 
cearae, Caprimulgus, 203 
cearae, Nyctipolus, 203 
cearae, Piaya, 47 

cebuensis, Collocalia, 229 
Cecractana, 12 

Cecractes, 12 

celebensis, Cacomantis, 24 
celebensis, Caprimulgus, 208 


268 


celebensis, Centropus, 76 
celebensis, Chaetura, 233 
celebensis, Hirund-apus, 233 
centralia, Aegotheles, 182 
centralia, Podargus, 176 
centralis, Ciccaba, 154 
centralis, Gymnoschizorhis, 11 
centralis, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
Centrococcyx, 67 
Centropodinae, 66 

Centropus, 66 

Cephaloptynx, 136 
ceramensis, Collocalia, 227 
Cercococcyx, 21 

cerviniceps, Eurostopodus, 191 
cerviniceps, Lyncornis, 191 
Ceuthmochares, 50 
chacoensis, Strix, 162 
chadensis, Caprimulgus, 211 
Chaetura, 235 

Chaeturellus, 236 
Chaeturinae, 220 

Chalcites, 30 

chalcites, Cuculus, 30 
Chalcococcyx, 30 
chalcolophus, Tauraco, 4 
chalcolophus, Turacus, 4 
chalecopepla, Lampromorpha, 29 


chalcophthalmicus, Ruwenzorornis, 8 


chalybeiceps, Centropus, 73 
chalybeus, Centropus, 68 
chalybeus, Cuculus, 17 
chalybeus, Nesocentor, 68 
chaparensis, Piaya, 49 
chapmani, Chaetura, 236 
chapmani, Chordeiles, 188 
chapmani, Pulsatrix, 124 
chaseni, Batrachostomus, 179 
chauvini, Asio, 169 

cherriei, Cypseloides, 243 
chiapensis, Antrostomus, 199 
chiapensis, Caprimulgus, 199 
chiaradiae, Athene, 147 
chinensis, Eudynamys, 37 
chinensis, Tyto, 85 
chlorochlamys, Gallirex, 7 
chlorophaeus, Cuculus, 53 
chlorophaea, Rhinortha, 53 
chlororhynchus, Centropus, 69 
chobiensis, Corythaixoides, 11 
chochi, Coccyzus, 59 

chochi, Tapera, 59 


INDEX 


chocoensis, Nyctibius, 179 
choliba, Otus, 106 

choliba, Strix, 106 
Chordeiles, 185 

Chordeilinae, 184 
Chrysococcyx, 29 

Ciceaba, 153 

cineraceus, Cuculus, 27 
cineraceus, Megascops, 102 
cineraceus, Otus, 102 
cinerascens, Bubo, 118 
cinereiventris, Chaetura, 238 
cinereus, Coccyzus, 41 
cinerea, Strix, 165 
cinnamomina, Ninox, 138 
circe, Piaya, 47 

Clamator, 12 

clamator, Bubo, 166 
clamator, Rhinoptynx, 166 
clamosus, Cuculus, 16 
clarkii, Otus, 107 

clarus, Caprimulgus, 215 
clarus, Scotornis, 215 

claudi, Caprimulgus, 209 
Claudia, 254 

clazus, Otus, 102 

clelandi, Spiloglaux, 140 
climacocercus, Caprimulgus, 218 
climacocerca, Hydropsalis, 218 
climacurus, Caprimulgus, 216 
climacurus, Scotornis, 216 
cobanense, Glaucidium, 128 
Coccycua, 48 

Coccystes, 12 

Coceyzus, 41 

cochinchinensis, Chaetura, 232 
cochinchinensis, Hirund-apus, 232 
Cochlothraustes, 64 
coincidens, Rossornis, 209 
colcloughi, Micropus, 249 
collaris, Lyncornis, 191 
Colletoptera, 244 

Collocalia, 220 

columbianus, Pyrrhococeyx, 46 
comatus, Cypselus, 258 
comata, Hemiprocne, 258 
concolor, Corythaix, 11 
concolor, Crinifer, 11 
concretus, Caprimulgus, 214 
concretus, Cuculus, 17 
condorensis, Otus, 99 
confirmata, Hemiprocne, 258 


INDEX 269 


conigravi, Podargus, 176 
connivens, Falco, 138 
connivens, Ninox, 138 
contempta, Strix, 81 
contempta, Tyto, 81 
continentalis, Batrachostomus, 179 
continentalis, Coccyzus, 42 
cooki, Apus, 249 

cooki, Cypselus, 249 

cooperi, Otus, 105 

cooperi, Scops, 105 

coquereli, Coua, 65 

coreensis, Strix, 164 

cornutus, Batrachostomus, 179 
cornutus, Caprimulgus, 180 
cornutus, Nyctibius, 180 
cornutus, Podargus, 179 
cornwalli, Podargus, 175 
coromandus, Bubo, 120 
coromandus, Clamator, 12 
coromandus, Cuculus, 12 
coromanda, Strix, 120 
coronata, Hemiprocne, 257 
coronata, Hirundo, 257 
corvina, Eudynamys, 38 
Corydonyx, 67 

Corythaeola, 9 

corythaix, Spelectos, 5 
corythaix, Tauraco, 5 
Corythaixoides, 10 
Cosmetornis, 217 
costaricanum, Glaucidium, 130 
costaricensis, Cypseloides, 243 
costaricensis, Nephoecetes, 243 
costaricensis, Nyctibius, 180 
Coua, 64 

Couinae, 64 

coultasi, Collocalia, 225 
cozumelae, Coccyzus, 42 
crassirostris, Chalcites, 34 
crassirostris, Cuculus, 15 
crassirostris, Hierococcyx, 15 
crassirostris, Lamprococcyx, 34 
crassirostris, Tyto, 80 

creagra, Hydropsalis, 219 
creagra, Macropsalis, 219 
Crinifer, 9, 10 

Criniferoides, 10 

crinifrons, Aegotheles, 182 
crinifrons, Batrachostomus, 182 
crissalis, Caprimulgus, 203 
crissalis, Turacus, 7 


cristatus, Aegotheles, 182 
cristatus, Caprimulgus, 182 
cristata, Corythaeola, 9 
cristata, Coua, 66 

cristatus, Cuculus, 66 
cristata, Lophostrix, 110 
cristata, Musophaga, 9 
cristata, Strix, 110 

Crotema, 215 

Crotophaga, 57 
Crotophaginae, 57 
crucigerus, Otus, 106 
crucigera, Strix, 106 
Cryptoglaux, 172 
Ctenoglaux, 136 

cubanensis, Antrostomus, 198 
cubanensis, Caprimulgus, 198 
Cuculi, 12 

Cuculidae, 12 

Cuculiformes, 3 

Cuculinae, 12 

cuculoides, Glaucidium, 134 
cuculoides, Noctua, 134 
Cuculus, 14 

cumingi, Lepidogrammus, 57 
cumingi, Phoenicophaus, 57 
cunicularia, Speotyto, 153 
cunicularia, Strix, 153 
cupreicaudus, Centropus, 74 
cupreus, Chrysococcyx, 29, 30 
cupreus, Cuculus, 29 

cursor, Coua, 65 

curvirostris, Cuculus, 55 
curvirostris, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
cuvieri, Podargus, 176 
cuyensis, Otus, 93 
cyanocephalus, Cuculus, 39 
cyanocephala, Eudynamys, 39 
cyanoptila, Collocalia, 229 
cycladum, Otus, 90 
cycladum, Pisorhina, 90 
Cyphorhina, 175 

cyprius, Otus, 90 

cypria, Scops, 90 
Cypseloides, 242 

Cypselus, 244 

Cypsiurus, 255 


dacrysistactus, Otus, 104 
damarensis, Tyto, 84 
dammermani, Collocalia, 224 
Dasylophus, 56 


270 


dauricus, Bubo, 114 

daurica, Strix, 163 

davidi, Strix, 165 

davidi, Syrnium, 165 
decolor, Saurothera, 49 
decussatus, Caprimulgus, 200 
decussatus, Otus, 106 
decussata, Strix, 106 
delacouri, Caprimulgus, 208 
delalandei, Coccyzus, 65 
delalandei, Coua, 65 
delicatulus, Strix, 80 
delicatula, Tyto, 80 

dendyi, Podargus, 175 
deningeri, Phoenicophaés, 55 
deningeri, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
derbyanus, Nyctidromus, 193 
de-roepstorffi, Strix, 79 
de-roepstorfi, Tyto, 79 
deserti, Bubo, 113 
deserticolor, Otus, 99 
desertorum, Bubo, 117 
desertorum, Caprimulgus, 203 
desiderata, Collocalia, 231 
detorta, Tyto, 78 

diabolicus, Eurostopodus, 190 
diardi, Melias, 51 

diardi, Rhopodytes, 51 
dickeyi, Phalaenoptilus, 194 
dicruroides, Pseudornis, 35 
dicruroides, Surniculus, 35 
digitalis, Caprimulgus, 213 
dillonii, Bubo, 118 

dilutus, Morococcyx, 59 
dimorpha, Athene, 136 
dimorpha, Uroglaux, 136 
dinellii, Apus, 252 
Diplopsalis, 218 

Diplopterus, 58 

diurnus, Caprimulgus, 189 
dodgei, Collocalia, 230 
doerriesi, Bubo, 115, 121 
doerriesi, Ketupa, 121 
dombraini, Tyto, 83 
domingensis, Asio, 170 
domingensis, Strix, 170 
dominicensis, Athene, 151 
dominicensis, Saurothera, 50 
dominicensis, Speotyto, 151 
dominicae, Coccyzus, 43 
dominicus, Cuculus, 43 
donaldsoni, Caprimulgus, 210 


INDEX 


donaldsoni, Tauraco, 6 
donaldsoni, Turacus, 6 
Dromococcyx, 60 
Dryococcyx, 54 

dubius, Aegotheles, 184 
dubia, Chaetura, 233 
dubius, Hirund-apus, 233 
duidae, Glaucidium, 130 
duidae, Nyctipolus, 202 
duidae, Otus, 106 
Duidia, 252 

dulcis, Neomorphus, 62 
dumetorum, Cuculus, 26 
dumonti, Coua, 66 
dysonymus, Cacomantis, 23 


eatoni, Ciccaba, 154 
ecuadoreana, Pulsatrix, 124 
efulenensis, Centropus, 73 
egregia, Chaetura, 238 
eichhorni, Collocalia, 227 
eichhorni, Ninox, 145 
eichhorni, Spiloglaux, 145 
eidos, Caprimulgus, 211 
ekmani, Antrostomus, 198 
ekmani, Caprimulgus, 198 
elachistus, Bubo, 112 
elachyptera, Collocalia, 229 
elaphra, Collocalia, 223 
eleanorae, Caprimulgus, 214 
elegans, Ephialtes, 92 
elegans, Lyncornis, 191 
elegans, Otus, 92 
Eleothreptus, 220 
elgonense, Glaucidium, 132 
elutus, Bubo, 112 
elongatus, Rhopodytes, 52 
elongatus, Phoenicophaus, 52 
elisabethae, Strix, 166 
emini, Tauraco, 5 

emini, Turacus, 5 
enarratus, Caprimulgus, 214 
engadinensis, Bubo, 113 
enganensis, Otus, 93 
enigmaticus, Eudynamis, 37 
Epicypselus, 244 

epomidis, Centropus, 73 
erlangeri, Pisorhina, 89 
erlangeri, Scops, 108 
erlangeri, Tyto, 78 

erminea, Strix, 125 

ernesti, Strix, 78 


INDEX 


ernesti, Tyto, 78 

ernsti, Chaetura, 233 

ernsti, Hirund-apus, 233 
erwini, Collocalia, 231 
erythrognathus, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
erythrognathus, Phaenicophaeus, 55 
erythrolophus, Opaethus, 6 
erythrolophus, Tauraco, 6 
erythropthalmus, Coccyzus, 41 
erythropthalma, Cuculus, 41 
erythropyga, Coccyzus, 59 
erythropygus, Morococcyx, 59 
esculenta, Collocalia, 230 
esculenta, Hirundo, 230 
Euaegotheles, 181 
Eudynamys, 36 

euleri, Coccygus, 42 

euleri, Coccyzus, 42 
europaeus, Caprimulgus, 204 
Eurostopodus, 189 
Eurostopus, 189 

eurycercus, Centropus, 70 
everardi, Spiloglaux, 139 
everetti, Cacomantis, 24 
everetti, Eudynamys, 38 
everetti, Ninox, 143 
everetti, Otus, 100 

everetti, Scops, 100 

everetti, Tyto, 79 
eversmanni, Bubo, 115 
excellens, Diplopterus, 58 
excellens, Tapera, 58 
excelsa, Collocalia, 229 
excitus, Cacomantis, 27 
exilis, Caprimulgus, 187 
exilis, Chordeiles, 187 
Eximiornis, 196 

eximius, Caprimulgus, 206 
exsul, Gymnasio, 146 

exsul, Gymnoglaux, 146 
extima, Piaya, 45 

eyrei, Cuculus, 27 


facialis, Eudynamys, 38 
fallax, Cuculus, 19 

fasciata, Nyctale, 162 
fasciata, Strix, 162 

fasciata, Ulula, 162 
fasciativentris, Pulsatrix, 125 
fasciipygialis, Centropus, 76 
fasciolatus, Cuculus, 22 
fasciolatus, Penthoceryx, 22 


271 


feae, Otus, 94 

feae, Scops, 94 

ferghanensis, Scops, 90 
ferrugineus, Coccyzus, 44 
fervidus, Caprimulgus, 209 
fieldi, Hyetornis, 45 

finschi, Tauraco, 5 

finschi, Turacus, 5 

fischeri, Centropus, 74 
fischeri, Corythaix, 6 
fischeri, Scotopelia, 123 
fischeri, Tauraco, 6 

fisheri, Glaucidium, 128 
flammeus, Asio, 169 
flammea, Strix, 77, 169 
flammeolus, Otus, 95 
flammeola, Scops, 95 
flavigularis, Chrysococcyx, 30 
flavipes, Cultrunguis, 122 
flavipes, Ketupa, 122 
flavirostris, Ceuthmochares, 50 
flavirostris, Zanclostomus, 50 
flavus, Cuculus, 22, 23 
flecki, Centropus, 75 
flindersii, Eudynamys, 39 
floridae, Ninox, 146 
floridanus, Otus, 101 
floridanus, Scops, 101 
floridana, Speotyto, 151 
forbesi, Ninox, 144 
forcipatus, Caprimulgus, 219 
formosana, Chaetura, 232, 
formosanus, Hirund-apus, 232 
fortior, Cacomantis, 25 
fossii, Caprimulgus, 215 
fossii, Scotornis, 215 
fraenatus, Caprimulgus, 209 
francica, Collocalia, 223 
francica, Hirundo, 223 
frater, Eudynamys, 38 

fryi, Carine, 150 

fuciphaga, Collocalia, 222 
fuciphaga, Hirundo, 222 
filleborni, Caprimulgus, 217 
fugax, Cuculus, 16 
fuliginosus, Otus, 100 
fuliginosa, Scops, 100 
fulvescens, Glaucidium, 134 
fulvescens, Ptynx, 165 
fulvescens, Strix, 162 
fulvescens, Syrnium, 162 
fulviventris, Caprimulgus, 211 


272 


fumigatus, Cypseloides, 243 
fumigata, Hemiprocne, 243 
fumosa, Chaetura, 239 
funereus, Aegolius, 172 
funerea, Strix, 126, 172 
furcata, Micropanyptila, 254 
furcata, Strix, 80 

fureata, Tyto, 80 

furcifer, Caprimulgus, 219 
furcifera, Hydropsalis, 219 
furensis, Apus, 246 
furensis, Micropus, 246 
furvus, Centropus, 75 
fusca, Ninox, 138 

fuscus, Otus, 104 

fusca, Strix, 138 

fuscescens, Ptynx, 165 
fuscescens, Strix, 164 
fuscigularis, Rhinortha, 54 


gabonensis, Caprimulgus, 211 
gabonensis, Cuculus, 17 
galapagoensis, Asio, 170 
galapagoensis, Otus, 170 
galei, Tyto, 83 
galilejensis, Apus, 251 
galilejensis, Cypselus, 251 
Gallirex, 7 

gangeticus, Otus, 99 
gaumeri, Chaetura, 237 
Geococcyx, 60 

geoffroyi, Coccyzus, 62 
geoffroyi, Neomorphus, 62 
Geophilus, 60 

georgiae, Tyto, 85 
georgica, Strix, 161 
germani, Collocalia, 223 
giganteus, Cypselus, 233 
giganteus, Hirund-apus, 233 
gigas, Aegotheles, 183 
gigas, Collocalia, 221 
gigas, Coua, 65 

gigas, Cuculus, 65 
gilmani, Otus, 102 
gilvus, Nyctidromus, 193 
Gisella, 127 

glabripes, Ephialtes, 98 
glabripes, Otus, 98 
glandarius, Clamator, 12 
glandarius, Cuculus, 12 
Glaucidium, 127 
glaucops, Strix, 81 


INDEX 


glaucops, Tyto, 81 

glaux, Athene, 148 

glaux, Noctua, 148 

gnoma, Glaucidium, 128 
goldii, Ninox, 144 
goldmani, Antrostomus, 199 
goliath, Centropus, 67 
goodenoviensis, Ninox, 144 
goodfellowi, Ciccaba, 155 
goslingi, Caprimulgus, 214 
gouldi, Podargus, 175 
gracilirostris, Strix, 77 
gracilirostris, Tyto, 77 
gracilis, Coccyzusa, 49 
gracilis, Cypselus, 256 
gracilis, Cypsiurus, 256 
gracilis, Piaya, 49 

graeca, Pisorhina, 89 
grallaria, Speotyto, 153 
grallaria, Strix, 153 
grammicus, Ephialtes, 171 
grammicus, Pseudoscops, 171 
grandidieri, Chaetura, 241 
grandidieri, Zoonavena, 241 
grandis, Caprimulgus, 179 
grandis, Nyctibius, 179 
granti, Collocalia, 226 
granti, Ninox, 146 

granti, Otus, 108 

granti, Pisorhina, 108 
graueri, Asio, 168 

graueri, Otus, 94 

graysoni, Micrathene, 135 
grenadensis, Coccyzus, 44 
Grillia, 66 

grillii, Centropus, 72 
grinnelli, Glaucidium, 128 
griseus, Caprimulgus, 180 
griseus, Nyctibius, 180 
grisea, Pisorhina, 95 
griseus, Podargus, 175 
griseus, Scops, 99 

griseus, Tachornis, 255 
griseatus, Caprimulgus, 213 
griseata, Lophostrix, 110 
griseiceps, Glaucidium, 129 
griseifrons, Chaetura, 239 
griseifrons, Cypselus, 239 
grisescens, Microdynamis, 36 


guadeloupensis, Nephoecetes, 244 


guadeloupensis, Speotyto, 151 
guarania, Piaya, 48 


guatemalae, Otus, 95, 104 
guatemalae, Scops, 104 
guatemalae, Strix, 80 
guatemalae, Tyto, 80 
guerrerensis, Otus, 103 
guianensis, Chaetura, 238 
Guira, 58 

guira, Cuculus, 58 

guira, Guira, 58 

gularis, Cuculus, 19 
gundlachii, Chordeiles, 188 
gurneyi, Mimizuku, 109 
gurneyi, Pseudoptynx, 109 
guttatus, Caprimulgus, 190 
guttatus, Eurostopodus, 190 
guttata, Strix, 78 

guttata, Tyto, 78 

guttifer, Caprimulgus, 210 
Gymnasio, 146 
Gymnoglaux, 146 
Gymnoschizorhis, 11 
Gymnoscops, 86 


harmsi, Strix, 160 

hirmsi, Syrnium, 160 
hainanus, Caprimulgus, 207 
hainanus, Rhopodytes, 52 
halmaturina, Ninox, 139 
hambroecki, Ephialtes, 88 
hambroecki, Otus, 88 
hantu, Athene, 144 

hantu, Ninox, 144 
harringtoni, Dryococcyx, 56 
harringtoni, Rhamphococcyx, 56 
harrisii, Aegolius, 174 
harrisii, Nyctale, 174 
harterti, Batrachostomus, 177 
harterti, Chalcites, 32 
harterti, Eudynamys, 37 
harterti, Eurostopodus, 190 
harterti, Hemiprocne, 257 
harterti, Strix, 160 
hartlaubi, Corythaix, 7 
hartlaubi, Otus, 109 
hartlaubi, Noctua, 109 
hartlaubi, Tauraco, 7 
hasbroucki, Otus, 101 
hastatus, Megascops, 104 
hastatus, Otus, 104 
hatchizionis, Otus, 98 
hazarae, Caprimulgus, 203 
heinrichi, Cacomantis, 27 


INDEX 273 


heinrichi, Collocalia, 225 
heinrothi, Collocalia, 231 
Heliodilus, 77 

hellmayri, Piaya, 47 
hellmayri, Tyto, 81 
helveola, Strix, 162 
helveolum, Syrnium, 162 
helvola, Strix, 171 
hemachalana, Bubo, 117 
Hemiprocne, 257 
Hemiprocnidae, 257 
hendersonii, Ephialtes, 94 
hendersonii, Otus, 94 
henryi, Chordeiles, 188 
hesperis, Chordeiles, 187 
heterocnemis, Asio, 112 
heterocnemis, Bubo, 112 
Heterococcyx, 30 
Heteroglaux, 147 
Heteroscops, 87 
heterurus, Caprimulgus, 202 
heterurus, Setopagis, 202 
heuglini, Centropus, 74 
Heuglinornis, 3 
Hieracoglaux, 136 
Hierococcyx, 14 

highami, Polophilus, 69 
hirsuta, Ninox, 141 
hirsuta, Strix, 141 
Hirund-apus, 232 
hirundinaceus, Caprimulgus, 203 
hirundinacea, Collocalia, 228 
hispanus, Bubo, 113 
hodgsoni, Batrachostomus, 178 
hodgsoni, Caprimulgus, 207 
hodgsoni, Otothrix, 178 
hoedtii, Ninox, 144 
hoedtii, Noctua, 144 
holerythrus, Otus, 88 
holerythra, Scops, 88 
holmbergiana, Strix, 81 
hondoensis, Strix, 164 
hondoense, Syrnium, 164 
honorata, Eudynamys, 37 
horsfieldi, Cuculus, 19 
horus, Apus, 251 

horus, Cypselus, 251 
hoskinsii, Glaucidium, 128 
hostilis, Strix, 78 

houyi, Caprimulgus, 217 
hova, Asio, 171 

howelli, Chordeiles, 188 


Q74 


huachucae, Strix, 161 
huberi, Otus, 107 

hueyi, Phalaenoptilus, 194 
Huhua, 110 

huhula, Ciccaba, 155 
huhula, Strix, 155 
humeralis, Athene, 136 
humeralis, Ninox, 136 
hungaricus, Bubo, 113 
huttoni, Ephialtes, 88 
huttoni, Otus, 88 
hybridus, Turacus, 4 
Hydropsalis, 217 
Hyetornis, 45 

hylophila, Strix, 162 
hypermetra, Tyto, 79 
hyperythrus, Cuculus, 16 
hypogramma, Athene, 143 
hypogramma, Ninox, 143 
hypopinarus, Coccystes, 13 
hypugaea, Speotyto, 150 
hypugaea, Strix, 150 


icelus, Asio, 111 
icterorhynchus, Otus, 88 
icterorhynchus, Scops, 88 
idonea, Micrathene, 135 
idoneus, Micropallas, 135 
iheringi, Aegolius, 174 
iheringi, Gisella, 174 
illyricus, Apus, 248 
imberbis, Lyncornis, 191 
impasta, Athene, 149 
incertus, Centropus, 75 
incincta, Piaya, 46 

indica, Athene, 150 
indicus, Caprimulgus, 203 
indica, Chaetura, 233 
indicus, Hirund-apus, 233 
indica, Noctua, 150 
Indicapus, 236 

indigena, Athene, 147 
indochinae, Batrachostomus, 178 
indranee, Strix, 157 
inexpectatus, Bubo, 115 
inexpectata, Collocalia, 223 
inexpectatus, Podargus, 177 
inexspectata, Strix, 82 
inexspectata, Tyto, 82 
infaustus, Cacomantis, 24 
inferior, Chordeiles, 186 
infumatus, Cypselus, 256 


INDEX 


infumatus, Cypsiurus, 256 
infuscata, Collocalia, 227 
infuscatus, Cuculus, 28 
infuscata, Taccocua, 53 
ingens, Otus, 107 

ingens, Scops, 107 
innominata, Caprimulgus, 204 
innominatus, Chalcoccyx, 33 
innominata, Collocalia, 222 
innominata, Ninox, 141 
inopina, Collocalia, 223 
inornatus, Caprimulgus, 212 
inornatus, Cuculus, 22 
inquieta, Collocalia, 225 
insignis, Aegotheles, 182 
insulana, Piaya, 47 

insularis, Caprimulgus, 201 
insularis, Centropus, 71 
insularis, Gymnoscops, 97 
insularis, Nyctidromus, 192 
insularis, Otus, 97 

insularis, Stenopsis, 201 
insularis, Strix, 82 

insularis, Tyto, 82 

insulindae, Cuculus, 20 
intercedens, Hydropsalis, 218 
intercedens, Nyctidromus, 193 
intermedius, Centrococcyx, 70 
intermedius, Centropus, 70, 75 
intermedius, Chrysococcyx, 29 
intermedius, Ceuthmochares, 51 
intermedius, Otus, 94 
intermedia, Pisorhina, 94 
intermedius, Podargus, 177 
intermedia, Speotyto, 152 
interpositus, Bubo, 113 
interpositus, Otus, 92 
interposita, Tyto, 80 
inyoensis, Otus, 100 

iradii, Cypselus, 254 

iradii, Tachornis, 254 
irtyshensis, Scops, 90 

isolata, Ninox, 142 

isonota, Collocalia, 230 
ivahensis, Crotophaga, 57 


jacksoni, Cuculus, 17 
jacobinus, Clamator, 13 
jacobinus, Cuculus, 13 
jacobsoni, Eurostopodus, 192 
jacobsoni, Lyncornis, 192 
jacquinoti, Athene, 145 


jacquinoti, Ninox, 145 
jakutensis, Bubo, 115 
jakutorum, Aegolius, 172 
jakutorum, Nyctala, 172 
jamaicensis, Caprimulgus, 181 
jamaicensis, Cypseloides, 243 
jamaicensis, Nyctibius, 181 
japonicus, Otus, 91 

japonica, Strix, 141, 164 
japonicum, Syrnium, 164 
jardinii, Glaucidium, 130 
jardinii, Phalaenopsis, 130 
jarlandi, Bubo, 117 
jasijatere, Geophilus, 60 
javanensis, Centropus, 72 
javanensis, Cuculus, 72 
javanensis, Ketupa, 121 
javanensis, Ninox, 142 
javanicus, Centropus, 72 
javanicus, Phoenicophaes, 54 
javanica, Strix, 79 

javanica, Tyto, 79 
javanicus, Zanclostomus, 54 
javensis, Batrachostomus, 179 
javensis, Collocalia, 224 
javensis, Podargus, 179 
jingkou, Strix, 164 

jobiensis, Centropus, 68 
johanseni, Cuculus, 18 
johnstoni, Gallirex, 8 
johnstoni, Ruwenzorornis, 8 
jonesi, Caprimulgus, 206 
jotaka, Caprimulgus, 204 
Jubula, 109 

julieni, Coccyzus, 41 

jungei, Chalcites, 33 
juninensis, Speotyto, 153 


kalaharicus, Apus, 247 
kalidupae, Pisorhina, 96 
kalidupae, Otus, 96 
kalinowskii, Macropsalis, 219 
kalinowskii, Uropsalis, 219 
kamschaticus, Micropus, 249 
kangeana, Otus, 99 
kangeanensis, Centropus, 71 
kangeangensis, Rhopodytes, 52 
karafutonis, Bubo, 121 
karafutonis, Ketupa, 121 
kasuidori, Caprimulgus, 213 
keatsi, Caprimulgus, 208 
keatsi, Polophilus, 69 


INDEX 


kelaarti, Caprimulgus, 204 
kelungensis, Cuculus, 20 
keniensis, Caprimulgus, 210 
kennicottii, Otus, 100 
kennicottii, Scops, 100 
kessleri, Athene, 148 
Ketupa, 121 

ketupu, Ketupa, 122 
ketupu, Strix, 122 
kiautschensis, Bubo, 116 
kimberli, Tyto, 82 
kittenbergeri, Apus, 247 
kivuensis, Ruwenzorornis, 8 
klaas, Chrysococcyx, 30 
klaas, Cuculus, 30 

klaasi, Chrysococcyx, 29 
kleinschmidti, Cuculus, 18 
kleinschmidti, Tyto, 78 
klossii, Bubo, 120 

koenigi, Micropus, 251 
k6énigseggi, Scops, 93 
koeniswaldiana, Pulsatrix, 125 
koeniswaldianum, Syrnium, 125 
koesteri, Caprimulgus, 211 
kollibayi, Apus, 247 
korejewi, Surnia, 126 
kuehni, Caprimulgus, 208 
kuehni, Tyto, 79 

kurodae, Micropus, 249 
kwenlunensis, Cuculus, 19 


labuanensis, Ninox, 142 
lacteus, Bubo, 120 

lactea, Strix, 120 
laemostigma, Tachornis, 256 
lagophonus, Asio, 110 
lagophonus, Bubo, 110 
lambi, Asio, 167 
Lamprococcyx, 30 
Lampromorpha, 29 
lanceolatus, Cacomantis, 23 
lanceolatus, Cuculus, 23 
lansbergi, Coccyzus, 44 
laotiana, Strix, 158 
lapponica, Strix, 165 
lathami, Strix, 127 
latipennis, Otus, 95 
latipennis, Scops, 95 
latouchi, Otus, 88 
latouchi, Scops, 88 
lautus, Nyctiphrynus, 195 
lawrencei, Chaetura, 238 


275 


276 


lawrencii, Gymnoglaux, 146 
lawsonae, Micropus, 248 
layardi, Chalcites, 32 

layardi, Chrysococcyx, 32 
leachi, Spiloglaux, 140 

leggei, Otus, 92 

lempiji, Otus, 99 

lempiji, Strix, 99 

lentiginosus, Caprimulgus, 214 
leoninus, Scotornis, 216 
leopetes, Caprimulgus, 201 
leopoldi, Crinifer, 11 

leopoldi, Schizorhis, 11 
Lepidogrammus, 57 
lepidophanes, Neomorphus, 64 
lepidus, Cuculus, 20 
leptogrammica, Strix, 159 
leschenault, Ketupa, 122 
leschenault, Strix, 122 
leschenaultii, Taccocua, 53 
lettia, Otus, 98 

lettia, Scops, 98 

lettii, Bubo, 109 

lettii, Jubula, 109 
leucogaster, Aegotheles, 182 
leucogaster, Centropus, 73 
leucogaster, Chizaerhis, 10 
leucogaster, Crinifer, 10 
leucogaster, Phaenicophaeus, 56 
leucogaster, Polophilus, 73 
leucolophus, Caliechthrus, 35 
leucolophus, Corythaix, 7 
leucolophus, Cuculus, 35 
leucolophus, Tauraco, 7 
leucomelas, Bubo, 111 
leuconyx, Apus, 249 
leuconyx, Cypselus, 249 
leucophaea, Collocalia, 226 
leucophaeus, Macropteryx, 226 
leucopsis, Athene, 109, 140 
leucopsis, Ninox, 140 
leucopsis, Otus, 169 
leucopterus, Caprimulgus, 181 
leucopterus, Nyctibius, 181 
leucopygia, Collocalia, 228 
leucopygialis, Acanthylis, 237 
leucopygialis, Chaetura, 237 
leucopygus, Caprimulgus, 189 
leucopyga, Nyctiprogne, 189 
leucospila, Ephialtes, 97 
leucospilus, Otus, 97 
leucostictus, Bubo, 120 


INDEX 


leucotis, Asio, 167 

leucotis, Corythaix, 6 
leucotis, Otus, 108 

leucotis, Strix, 108 

leucotis, Tauraco, 6 

libratus, Tyto, 84 

lifuensis, Tyto, 80 

lignator, Centropus, 72 
lihirensis, Collocalia, 225 
lilith, Athene, 148 

linae, Otus, 98 

linchi, Collocalia, 229 

lindeni, Coccygus, 42 
lineatus, Cacomantis, 26 
liturata, Strix, 163 
livingstonii, Tauraco, 4 
livingstonii, Turacus, 4 
loandae, Centropus, 75 
loitanus, Tauraco, 4 

loitanus, Turacus, 4 
longicaudatus, Caprimulgus, 180 
longicaudatus, Nyctibius, 180 
longicaudatus, Phoenicophaeus, 52 
longicaudatus, Rhopodytes, 52 
longicornis, Otus, 92 
longicornis, Scops, 92 
longimembris, Strix, 84 
longimembris, Tyto, 84 
longipennis, Caprimulgus, 217 
longipennis, Hemiprocne, 258 
longipennis, Hirundo, 258 
longipennis, Macrodipteryx, 217 
longirostris, Caprimulgus, 200 
longirostris, Cuculus, 50 
longirostris, Saurothera, 50 
longisignum, Geococcyx, 61 
Lophostrix, 110 

lowei, Apus, 246 

lowei, Micropus, 246 

lowi, Collocalia, 222 

lowi, Cypselus, 222 

lucayana, Tyto, 80 

luciae, Otus, 89 

luciae, Scops, 89 

lucidus, Chalcites, 32 

lucidus, Cuculus, 32 

lucida, Strix, 161 

lucidum, Syrnium, 161 
luctisonus, Otus, 105 

ludlowi, Athene, 149 
ludovicianus, Caprimulgus, 212 
lugubris, Cuculus, 36 


INDEX Q77 


lugubris, Ninox, 141 
lugubris, Strix, 141 
lugubris, Surniculus, 36 
lukolelae, Glaucidium, 132 
lulu, Strix, 80 

lulu, Tyto, 80 

lurida, Ninox, 139 
Lurocalis, 184 
Lyncornis, 189 

lyra, Hydropsalis, 219 
lyra, Uropsalis, 219 


ma, Strix, 160 

ma, Syrnium, 160 

mabirae, Cuculus, 17 
macconnelli, Ciccaba, 154 
macfarlanei, Megascops, 100 
macfarlanei, Otus, 100 
macgillivrayi, Ninox, 139 
mackayi, Tyto, 83 

mackinderi, Bubo, 118 
macrocercus, Cacomantis, 25 
Macrodipteryx, 217 
macromystax, Caprimulgus, 199 
Macropsalis, 219 

macropterus, Eurostopodus, 192 
macropterus, Lyncornis, 192 
macroptera, Ninox, 141 
Macropterygidae, 257 
Macropteryx, 257 
macrorhynchus, Corythaix, 7 
macrorhynchus, Podargus, 176 
macrorhynchus, Tauraco, 7 
macrotis, Caprimulgus, 191 
macrotis, Eurostopodus, 191 
macrourus, Centropus, 69 
macrourus, Morococcyx, 59 
macroura, Piaya, 48 

macrurus, Caprimulgus, 207 
macrurus, Otus, 166 

maculatus, Chalcites, 31 
maculata, Noctua, 140 
maculata, Strix, 140, 166 
maculatus, Trogon, 31 
maculicaudus, Caprimulgus, 201 
maculicaudus, Stenopsis, 201 
maculosus, Caprimulgus, 202 
maculosus, Nyctibius, 181 
maculosus, Nyctipolus, 202 
maculosa, Strix, 118 
madagascariensis, Asio, 168 
madagascariensis, Caprimulgus, 206 


madagascariensis, Cuculus, 64 
madagascariensis, Otus, 168 
magellanicus, Bubo, 113 
magicus, Otus, 97 

magica, Strix, 97 

magnus, Aegolius, 173 
magna, Nyctala, 173 
magna, Tyto, 84 
mahrattensis, Caprimulgus, 205 
maingayi, Strix, 157 
maingayi, Syrnium, 157 
major, Aegotheles, 182 
major, Chaetura, 235 
major, Crotophaga, 57 
major, Cypseloides, 243 
major, Hemiprocne, 259 
major, Macropteryx, 259 
major, Otus, 171 
makirensis, Collocalia, 231 
malabaricus, Athene, 133 
malabaricum, Glaucidium, 133 
malaccensis, Athene, 142 
malaccensis, Ninox, 142 
malaitae, Ninox, 146 
malayanus, Chalcites, 33 
malayanus, Cuculus, 33 
malayana, Eudynamys, 37 
malayanus, Otus, 91 
malayanus, Penthoceryx, 22 
malayanus, Scops, 91 
malayensis, Otus, 87 
malloreae, Otus, 90 
mamberana, Chaetura, 242 
mamberana, Mearnsia, 242 
manadensis, Otus, 96 
manadensis, Scops, 96 
manam, Centropus, 69 
manillensis, Caprimulgus, 208 
mantananensis, Otus, 93 
mantananensis, Scops, 93 
manusi, Tyto, 82 

marathae, Otus, 99 
maratua, Collocalia, 227 
margarethae, Otus, 108 
margaritae, Otus, 105 
marginata, Collocalia, 229 
marjoriae, Apus, 245 
marjoriae, Micropus, 245 
marmorata, Athene, 139 
marmoratus, Megascops, 104 
marmorata, Ninox, 139 
marmoratus, Podargus, 177 


278 


maroccanus, Asio, 170 
martinica, Chaetura, 239 
martinica, Hirundo, 239 
marungensis, Tauraco, 4 
marungensis, Turacus, 4 
marwitzi, Apus, 247 
marwitzi, Chaetura, 240 
massorhinus, Surniculus, 35 
mauritanica, Strix, 159 
mauritanicum, Syrnium, 159 
maximus, Apus, 245 
maxima, Collocalia, 222, 231 
maximus, Cuculus, 18 
maximus, Cypselus, 245 
maximus, Otus, 106 
maxwelliae, Otus, 101 
maxwelliae, Scops, 101 
mayensis, Bubo, 112 
maynardi, Coccyzus, 42 
mayottensis, Apus, 248 
mayottensis, Cypselus, 248 
mayri, Collocalia, 228 
mecallii, Otus, 102 

mccallii, Scops, 102 
mcilhennyi, Asio, 169 
mcleodii, Otophanes, 195 
mearnsi, Collocalia, 227 
Mearnsia, 241 

mechowi, Cercococcyx, 21 
medianum, Glaucidium, 130 
medius, Centropus, 72 
media, Strix, 165 

medius, Turacus, 7 

medje, Glaucidium, 132 
meeki, Cacomantis, 27 
meeki, Caprimulgus, 209 
meeki, Ninox, 145 

meeki, Podargus, 177 
meeki, Strix, 79 = 
meeki, Tyto, 79 
Megacentropus, 66 
Megapodargus, 175 
megarhynchus, Cuculus, 28 
megarhynchus, Rhamphomantis, 28 
mehleri, Piaya, 46 
melacoryphus, Coccyzus, 44 
melancerus, Asio, 112 
melanchima, Geococcyx, 61 
melanogaster, Cuculus, 48 
melanogaster, Piaya, 48 
melanoleucus, Cypselus, 253 
Melanolophus, 12 


INDEX 


melanonotus, Apus, 248 
melanops, Centropus, 76 
melanopygia, Chaetura, 240 
melanorhyncha, Eudynamys, 38 
melanota, Noctua, 125 
melanota, Pulsatrix, 125 
melanotis, Streptoprocne, 234 
melanurus, Centropus, 69 
melba, Apus, 244 

melba, Hirundo, 244 

melli, Tyto, 85 

mellori, Chrysococcyx, 31 
melvillensis, Aegotheles, 182 
melvillensis, Chrysococcyx, 34 
melvillensis, Ninox, 139 
melvillensis, Podargus, 175 
melvillensis, Polophilus, 69 
melvillensis, Tyto, 83 
menagei, Batrachostomus, 178 
menbeki, Centropus, 67 
menebiki, Centropus, 67 
mentawi, Otus, 99 
merguiensis, Collocalia, 224 
meriani, Turacus, 7 
meridensis, Ciccaba, 108 
meridensis, Otus, 108 
meridionalis, Caprimulgus, 204 
meridionalis, Centropus, 75 
meridionalis, Chaetura, 240 
meridionalis, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
merlini, Saurothera, 49 
merrilli, Nyctidromus, 192 
merulinus, Cacomantis, 23 
merulinus, Cuculus, 23 
mesamericanus, Otus, 103 
mesembrinus, Asio, 112 
mesophanis, Caprimulgus, 208 
mesura, Piaya, 46 

mesurus, Pyrrhococcyx, 46 
Metallococcyx, 29 

mexicanus, Cuculus, 45 
mexicanus, Diplopterus, 58 
mexicanus, Dromococcyx, 58 
mexicanus, Morococcyx, 59 
mexicanus, Nyctibius, 180 
mexicanus, Otus, 166 
mexicana, Piaya, 45 
mexicana, Streptoprocne, 234 
meyeri, Chalcites, 34 

meyeri, Chrysococcyx, 34 
micans, Collocalia, 224 
Micrathene, 135 


INDEX 


Micrococcyx, 41 
Microdynamis, 36 

micromeris, Chordeiles, 186 
Micropallas, 135 
Micropanyptila, 254 
Micropodargus, 175 
micropterus, Cuculus, 17 
Micropus, 244 

microrhinus, Phoenicophaes, 56 
microrhynchus, Batrachostomus, 178 
Microscops, 172 
Microsiphonorhis, 194 

midas, Otus, 166 

midas, Rhinoptynx, 166 
milesi, Bubo, 118 

milo, Centropus, 67 
Mimizuku, 109 

mindanensis, Caprimulgus, 213 
mindanensis, Cuculus, 38 
mindanensis, Eudynamys, 38 
mindanensis, Lyncornis, 191 
mindanensis, Pseudoptynx, 121 
mindorensis, Centrococcyx, 71 
mindorensis, Centropus, 71 
mindorensis, Ninox, 143 
mindorensis, Otus, 92 
mindorensis, Scops, 92 
minimus, Caprimulgus, 197 
minima, Ciccaba, 108 

minima, Eudynamys, 39 
minimus, Otus, 108 

minimus, Surniculus, 36 
minor, Bubo, 123 

minor, Caprimulgus, 187, 199, 211 
minor, Chordeiles, 187, 188 
minor, Coccyzus, 44 

minor, Cuculus, 18, 44 

minor, Ketupa, 123 

minor, Podager, 189 

minor, Rhopodytes, 52 

minor, Speotyto, 152 

minutus, Coccyzus, 49 

minuta, Collocalia, 230 
minuta, Piaya, 49 

minutus, Scops, 92 

minutillus, Chalcites, 34 
minutillus, Chrysococcyx, 34 
minutissimum, Glaucidium, 129 
minutissima, Strix, 129 

mira, Athene, 147 

mirificus, Caprimulgus, 214 
Misocalius, 28 


279 


misoriensis, Chalcites, 33 
misoriensis, Lamprococcyx, 33 
mixtus, Batrachostomus, 178 
mixta, Ninox, 139 

modesta, Lamprococcyx, 31 
modestus, Otus, 91 

modestus, Scops, 91 
mogenseni, Piaya, 48 
mogenseni, Rhinoptynx, 166 
moluccarum, Collocalia, 225 
momiyamae, Strix, 164 
monachus, Cuculus, 48 
monachus, Centropus, 74 
moniliger, Batrachostomus, 178 
mono, Ninox, 145 

montanus, Cercococcyx, 21 
monticolus, Caprimulgus, 212 
monticola, Stenopsis, 201 
montivagus, Aéronautes, 253 
montivagus, Cypselus, 253 
morii, Strix, 164 
Morococcyx, 59 

morotensis, Otus, 96 
morotensis, Scops, 96 
mossambicus, Scotornis, 215 
multipunctata, Tyto, 84 
mungi, Podargus, 175 
murchisoniana, Aegotheles, 182 
murinus, Cypselus, 248 
musicus, Cuculus, 20, 22 
musicus, Penthoceryx, 20, 22 
Musophaga, 8 

Musophagi, 3 

Musophagidae, 3 
musschenbroeki, Surniculus, 36 
mychophilus, Otus, 101 
myochrous, Cypselus, 256 
myochrous, Cypsiurus, 256 
myoptilus, Apus, 250 
myoptilus, Cypselus, 250 
myrtha, Ciccaba, 158 
myrtha, Strix, 158 
mystacalis, Caprimulgus, 190 
mystaceus, Cypselus, 258 
mystacea, Hemiprocne, 258 


nacunda, Caprimulgus, 189 
nacunda, Podager, 189 
nacurutu, Bubo, 113 
nacurutu, Strix, 113 
naevius, Cuculus, 58 
naevius, Otus, 101 


280 


naevia, Strix, 101 

naevia, Tapera, 58 
nakamurai, Hemiprocne, 259 
nakuruensis, Apus, 247 
nanum, Glaucidium, 131 
nanus, Hierococcyx, 15 
nana, Strix, 131 
Nannochordeiles, 185 
nanodes, Speotyto, 153 
napensis, Neomorphus, 63 
napensis, Otus, 105 
natalensis, Caprimulgus, 212 
natalis, Collocalia, 230 
natalis, Ninox, 144 

nativus, Bubo, 114 
nattereri, Caprimulgus, 185 
nattereri, Lurocalis, 185 
natunae, Collocalia, 223 
natunensis, Zanclostomus, 54 
nauta, Caprimulgus, 205 
Neafrapus, 241 

nebulosa, Strix, 165 
neglecta, Collocalia, 230 
neglectus, Cuculus, 31 
neglecta, Cyphorina, 177 
neglectus, Scythrops, 40 
nelsoni, Antrostomus, 198 
nelsoni, Nyctidromus, 193 
Neochalcites, 30 

neochorus, Bubo, 112 
Neomorphinae, 58 
Neomorphus, 61 

nepalensis, Caprimulgus, 206 
Nephoecetes, 243 

Nesasio, 171 

nesiotes, Coccygus, 43 
nesiotes, Coccyzus, 43 
Nesocentor, 67 

neumanni, Centropus, 73 
newarensis, Strix, 157 
newarensis, Ulula, 157 
newtoni, Gymnoglaux, 107 
newtoni, Otus, 107 
ngamiense, Glaucidium, 132 
niansae, Apus, 247 

niansae, Cypselus, 247 
niasensis, Strix, 158 
niasense, Syrnium, 158 
nicobaricus, Ephialtes, 91 
nieuwenhuisi, Chalcococcyx, 34 
nigra, Hirundo, 243 

niger, Nephoecetes, 243 


INDEX 


nigra, Strix, 164 

nigrescens, Bubo, 113 
nigrescens, Caprimulgus, 202 
nigrescens, Strix, 81 
nigrescens, Tyto, 81 
nigricans, Centropus, 68 
nigricans, Polophilus, 68 
nigricans, Scotornis, 216 
nigricantior, Ciccaba, 155 
nigricantius, Syrnium, 155 
nigricrissa, Piaya, 46 
nigricrissa, Pyrrhococcyx, 46 
nigrior, Aéronautes, 253 
nigripennis, Eurostopodus, 190 
nigriscapularis, Caprimulgus, 209 
nigristriatus, Rhopodytes, 52 
nigrodorsalis, Centropus, 74 
nigrogularis, Neomorphus, 63 
nigrolineata, Ciccaba, 154 
nigrorufus, Centropus, 71, 72 
nigrorufus, Cuculus, 71, 72 
nigrovertex, Asio, 108 
nikolskii, Bubo, 116 
nikolskii, Strix, 164 
nikolskii, Syrnium, 164 
niloticus, Centropus, 75 
Ninox, 136 

nipalensis, Apus, 252 
nipalensis, Bubo, 119 
nipalensis, Cypselus, 252 
nipalensis, Ninox, 136 
nisicolor, Cuculus, 16 

nitens, Collocalia, 230 
nitidus, Phalaenoptilus, 194 
niveifrons, Aérornis, 235 
nivicola, Strix, 160 
nivicolum, Syrnium, 160 
nivipetens, Strix, 160 
noctipetens, Asio, 168 
noctitherus, Caprimulgus, 200 
noctitherus, Setochalcis, 200 
noctivagus, Lurocalis, 184 
noctividus, Hybris, 82 
noctua, Athene, 147 

noctua, Strix, 147 
norwegicus, Bubo, 113 
notabilis, Antrostomus, 198 
Notafrapus, 241 

Notococcyx, 14 
novaeguineae, Chaetura, 242 
novaeguineae, Mearnsia, 242 
novaehibernicae, Spiloglaux, 145 


INDEX 281 


occidentalis, Chaetura, 238 
occidentalis, Coccyzus, 42 


novaehollandiae, Caprimulgus, 181 
novaehollandiae, Scythrops, 40 


novaehollandiae, Strix, 83 
novaehollandiae, Tyto, 83 
novaeseelandiae, Ninox, 140 
novaeseelandiae, Strix, 140 
Novipulsatrix, 125 
nubicola, Chaetura, 237 
nubicus, Caprimulgus, 206 
nuchalis, Ciccaba, 155 
nuchale, Syrnium, 155 
nudipes, Bubo, 108 
nudipes, Cypselus, 232 
nudipes, Hirund-apus, 232 
nudipes, Noctua, 146 
nudipes, Otus, 107 
nudipes, Strix, 107 
nuttallii, Caprimulgus, 193 
nuttallii, Phalaenoptilus, 193 
Nyctagreus, 195 

Nyctala, 171 

Nyctea, 125 

nyctea, Strix, 125 
Nyctibiidae, 179 
Nyctibius, 179 
Nycticircus, 196 
Nyctictypus, 196 
Nyctidromus, 192 
nyctiphasma, Strix, 158 
Nyctiphrynus, 195 
Nyctipolus, 196 
Nyctiprogne, 189 
Nyctisyrigmus, 197 


nyctophilus, Phalaenoptilus, 194 


oaxacae, Antrostomus, 199 
oaxacae, Caprimulgus, 199 
oberholseri, Caprimulgus, 208 
oberholseri, Collocalia, 229 
oberholseri, Glaucidium, 129 
oberholseri, Zoonava, 228 
oberi, Rhinoptynx, 166 
oblitus, Cacomantis, 24 
obscura, Ninox, 141 
obscurus, Nyctidromus, 193 
obscura, Piaya, 47 
obscuratus, Cacomantis, 25 
obscuratus, Centropus, 68 
obscuratus, Crinifer, 10 
obscurata, Strix, 159 
occidentalis, Bubo, 111 
occidentalis, Centropus, 73 


occidentalis, Cuculus, 20 
occidentalis, Heteroscenes, 20 
occidentalis, Ninox, 137 
occidentalis, Strix, 161 
occidentale, Syrnium, 161 
ocellata, Athene, 138 
ocellatus, Caprimulgus, 196 
ocellata, Ninox, 138 
ocellatus, Nyctiphrynus, 196 
ocellatus, Podargus, 177 
ocellata, Strix, 157 
ocellatum, Syrnium, 157 
ochracea, Noctua, 143 
ochracea, Piaya, 48 
ochrogenys, Strix, 157 
ochrogenys, Syrnium, 157 
ochropygia, Chaetura, 237 
ocista, Collocalia, 226 
ocyptera, Hemiprocne, 257 
odiosa, Ninox, 145 


oeneicaudus, Phaenicophaeus, 55 
oeneicaudus, Rhamphococcyx, 55 


ogowensis, Chaetura, 237 
olivaceiceps, Coua, 66 
olivaceiceps, Sericosomus, 66 
olivei, Aegotheles, 182 
olivinus, Cerecococcyx, 21 
omissus, Bubo, 116 
onikakko, Eudynamys, 38 
ooldeaensis, Ninox, 139 
optatus, Cuculus, 20 
oreophilus, Cacomantis, 25 
orientalis, Athene, 149 
orientalis, Collocalia, 222 
orientalis, Cuculus, 39 
orientalis, Eudynamys, 39 
orientale, Glaucidium, 127 
orientalis, Ketupa, 122 
orientalis, Strix, 119, 156, 158 
origenis, Collocalia, 221 
orinocensis, Piaya, 49 
orokensis, Surnia, 126 
osculans, Chalcites, 28 
osculans, Misocalius, 28 
otiosus, Antrostomus, 197 
otiosus, Caprimulgus, 197 
Otophanes, 195 

Otus, 86 

otus, Asio, 167 

otus, Strix, 167 


282 


oustaleti, Scotopelia, 123 
oustaleti, Strix, 85 
Owenavis, 28 


Pachycoccyx, 14 

pacificus, Apus, 249 
pacificus, Bubo, 111 

pacifica, Hirundo, 249 
pacifica, Strix, 164 

pageli, Bubo, 123 

pageli, Ketupa, 123 
pagodorum, Strix, 157 
palawanensis, Collocalia, 222 
pallasi, Surnia, 126 

pallens, Aegolius, 172 
pallens, Glaucidium, 131 
pallens, Nyctale, 172 
pallescens, Bubo, 111 
pallescens, Piaya, 47 
pallescens, Pyrrhococcyx, 47 
pallidus, Apus, 248 

pallidus, Asio, 169 

pallida, Columba, 21 
pallidus, Cuculus, 21 
pallidus, Cypselus, 248 
pallidus, Geococcyx, 61 
pallidus, Zanclostomus, 54 
pallidiceps, Corythaixoides, 11 
pallidiceps, Crinifer, 11 
pallidifrons, Chaetura, 234 
pallidifrons, Streptoprocne, 234 
pallidior, Cypsiurus, 256 
pallidior, Hydropsalis, 218 
pallidior, Tachornis, 256 
pallidula, Crotophaga, 57 
palliolatus, Cuculus, 28 
palloris, Coccyzus, 42 
palmarum, Cypselus, 256 
palmarum, Glaucidium, 129 
palmquisti, Caprimulgus, 210 
pamelae, Otus, 94 
panamensis, Nyctibius, 180 
panamensis, Piaya, 48 
Panyptila, 253 

Papuanapus, 241 

papuensis, Caprimulgus, 190 
papuensis, Eurostopodus, 190 
papuensis, Podargus, 176 
papuensis, Tyto, 85 
paradoxus, Bubo, 116 
paraguena, Eudynamys, 37 
pardalota, Athene, 133 


INDEX 


pardalotum, Glaucidium, 133 
parroti, Centropus, 70 
parvus, Cypselus, 255 
parvus, Cypsiurus, 255 
parva, Eudynamis, 36 
parva, Microdynamis, 36 
parvus, Phodilus, 86 
parvulus, Apus, 252 
parvulus, Caprimulgus, 202 
parvulus, Micropus, 252 
passerinus, Cacomantis, 23 
passerinus, Cuculus, 23 
passerinum, Glaucidium, 127 
passerina, Strix, 127 
patulus, Cercococcyx, 21 
pavonicus, Dromococcyx, 60 
pavoninus, Dromococcyx, 60 
pectoralis, Bubo, 119 
pectoralis, Caprimulgus, 209 
pectoralis, Cuculus, 16 
pectoralis, Hiracococcyx, 16 
pectoralis, Huhua, 119 
pekinensis, Apus, 247 
pekinensis, Cypselus, 247 
pelagica, Chaetura, 236 
pelagica, Hirundo, 236 
pelasgia, Chaetura, 235 
pelewensis, Collocalia, 224 
peli, Scotopelia, 123 

peli, Strix, 123 

pellos, Collocalia, 223 
pembaensis, Otus, 95 
peninsularis, Ninox, 137 
pennatus, Scops, 91 
Penthoceryx, 21 

perconfusa, Megastrix, 83 
peritum, Glaucidium, 133 
perlatum, Glaucidium, 131 
perlata, Strix, 131 

perlonga, Hemiprocne, 257 
perlonga, Macropteryx, 257 
perplexus, Chrysococcyx, 34 
perplexa, Collocalia, 224 
perplexa, Tyto, 83 

persa, Cuculus, 3 

persa, Tauraco, 3 

persicus, Apus, 249 
persimile, Glaucidium, 134 
personata, Chizaerhis, 11 
personata, Crinifer, 11 
perspicillata, Pulsatrix, 124 
perspicillata, Strix, 124 


INDEX 283 


peruana, Macropsalis, 219 
peruana, Uropsalis, 219 
peruvianus, Apus, 252 
peruvianus, Micropus, 252 
perversa, Ninox, 143 
petersi, Saurothera, 50 
petrensis, Apus, 245 
Phaenicophaeinae, 41 
Phaenicophaeus, 56 
phaeopygos, Chaetura, 238 
phalaena, Caprimulgus, 204 
phalaenoides, Podargus, 175 
Phalaenoptilus, 193 
phaloenoides, Glaucidium, 130 
phaloenoides, Strix, 130 
phasianellus, Dromococcyx, 60 
phasianellus, Macropus, 60 
phasianinus, Centropus, 68 
phasianinus, Cuculus, 68 
pheletes, Urodynamis, 40 
philippensis, Ninox, 142 
philippensis, Pseudoptynx, 120, 121 
philippensis, Scops, 120 
philippense, Syrnium, 120 
Phodilinae, 85 

Phodilus, 85 

phoebus, Tauraco, 5 
phoebus, Turacus, 5 
phoenicobia, Tachornis, 254 
Phoenicophaés, 56 
Phoenicophaus, 56 
Photodilus, 85 

Piaya, 44, 45 

pica, Clamator, 13 

pica, Cuculus, 13 

picata, Eudynamys, 38 
picina, Chaetura, 232 
picina, Mearnsia, 242 
pichinchae, Speotyto, 152 
pinicola, Glaucidium, 128 
pinosus, Megascops, 103 
pinosus, Otus, 103 

pintoi, Otus, 106 

pithecops, Strix, 84 
piscator, Falco, 10 
piscivorus, Bubo, 121 
piscivorus, Ketupa, 121 
Pisorhina, 87 

plagosus, Chalcites, 32 
plagosus, Cuculus, 32 
plateni, Ninox, 143 
platura, Stenopsis, 202 


plesseni, Ninox, 138 
plumifera, Aegotheles, 183 
plumiferus, Podargus, 176 
plumipes, Athene, 149 
plumipes, Caprimulgus, 205 
plumipes, Ephialtes, 98 
plumipes, Otus, 98 

pluvialis, Cuculus, 45 
pluvialis, Piaya, 45 

Podager, 189 

Podargidae, 175 

podargina, Noctua, 109 
podargina, Pyrroglaux, 109 
Podargus, 175 

poecilocercus, Thelazomenus, 28 
poeciluroides, Lamprococcyx, 34 
poecilurus, Chalcites, 33 
poecilurus, Chrysococcyx, 33 
poensis, Apus, 250 

poensis, Bubo, 119 

poensis, Cypselus, 250 
polillensis, Centropus, 76 
poliocephalus, Caprimulgus, 210 
poliocephalus, Cuculus, 20 
poliolophus, Batrachostomus, 178 
poliurus, Lamprococcyx, 32 
Polophilus, 67 

ponapensis, Asio, 170 
ponapensis, Collocalia, 225 
porphyreolopha, Corythaix, 8 
porphyreolophus, Gallirex, 8 
portoricensis, Asio, 170 
powelli, Otus, 90 

praevelox, Chaetura, 240 
pratincola, Strix, 80 
pratincola, Tyto, 80 

pravata, Penthoceryx, 22 
prionurus, Cacomantis, 27 
prionurus, Cuculus, 27 
propinquus, Caprimulgus, 213 
propinquus, Centropus, 68 
Protostrigidae, 77 

Proturacus, 3 

pruinosus, Caprimulgus, 187 
pryeri, Otus, 98 

pryeri, Scops, 98 
Pseudociccaba, 87 
Pseudoptynx, 120 
Pseudoscops, 171 
pseudovestita, Collocalia, 228 
psilopoda, Strix, 107 
psilopterus, Batrachostomus, 181 


284 


Psiloscops, 87 

Ptiloleptis, 45 

Ptiloleptus, 45 
Ptilonycterus, 195 
pucheranii, Cultrides, 63 
pucheranii, Neomorphus, 63 
pulcher, Aegotheles, 182 
pulchra, Athene, 150 
pulchellus, Caprimulgus, 214 
pulchellus, Otus, 90 
pulchella, Stryx, 90 
Pulsatrix, 124 

pulsatrix, Pulsatrix, 124 
pulsatrix, Strix, 124 
pumilus, Coccyzus, 41 
pumilus, Otus, 103 

pumilus, Podargus, 176 
pumila, Strix, 129 
punctatissima, Strix, 82 
punctatissima, Tyto, 82 
punctulata, Ninox, 144 
punctulata, Noctua, 144 
punensis, Speotyto, 152 
purpureus, Centropus, 71 
pusillus, Chordeiles, 185 
pusilla, Ninox, 138 

pusillus, Otus, 94 

pusilla, Pisorhina, 94 
pycrafti, Glaucidium, 132 
pygmea, Otus, 93 

pygmea, Scops, 93 

pymi, Centropus, 76 
pyropyga, Coua, 66 
Pyrrhocentor, 67 
pyrrhocephalus, Cuculus, 56 
pyrrhocephalus, Phaenicophaeus, 56 
Pyrroglaux, 109 
pyrrophanus, Cacomantis, 27 
pyrrophanus, Cuculus, 27 


quanzae, Caprimulgus, 210 
queenslandica, Ninox, 137 
quercinus, Otus, 102 
querulus, Cacomantis, 23 


radiatus, Carpococcyx, 64 
radiatum, Glaucidium, 133 
radiata, Strix, 133 
radiceus, Calobates, 64 
radiceus, Carpococcyx, 64 
radiolosus, Neomorphus, 63 
rarum, Glaucidium, 129 


INDEX 


rarus, Otus, 95 

rectunguis, Centropus, 69 
reichenowi, Apus, 246 
reichenowi, Collocalia, 227 
reichenowi, Corythaix, 4 
Reinarda, 254 

remigialis, Ninox, 138 
renauldi, Carpococcyx, 64 
reyi, Ninox, 143 

reynaudii, Coua, 65 
Rhabdoglaux, 136 
Rhamphococcyx, 54 
Rhamphomantis, 28 
Rhaphidura, 235 

rhenana, Strix, 78 
Rhinococcyx, 54 
Rhinoptynx, 166 
Rhinortha, 53 

Rhopodytes, 51 
richardsoni, Aegolius, 173 
richardsoni, Nyctale, 173 
richmondi, Chaetura, 236 
ridgwayi, Aegolius, 174 
ridgwayi, Antrostomus, 198 
ridgwayi, Caprimulgus, 198 
ridgwayi, Cryptoglaux, 174 
ridgwayi, Glaucidium, 130 
rileyi, Coccyzus, 43 

rileyi, Strix, 158 

riordani, Tyto, 83 

riverae, Phodilus, 86 
robertsi, Glaucidium, 132 
robinsoni, Collocalia, 222 
roboratus, Otus, 105 
robustus, Asio, 168 

rochii, Cuculus, 20 

roehli, Apus, 247 

rogersi, Owenavis, 28 
rogersi, Podargus, 176 
rogersi, Rossornis, 209 
romainei, Antiurus, 202 
romblonis, Otus, 93 
roraimae, Caprimulgus, 200 
roraimae, Otus, 105 
roraimae, Scops, 105 
roraimae, Systellura, 200 
rosenbergi, Caprimulgus, 196 


rosenbergi, Nyctiphrynus, 196 


rosenbergii, Strix, 82 
rosenbergii, Tyto, 82 
roseoaxillaris, Ninox, 146 
roseoaxillaris, Spiloglaux, 146 


rossae, Musophaga, 9 
rosseliana, Ninox, 144 
rossi, Podargus, 176 
Rossornis, 196 

rostratus, Aegolius, 173 
rostrata, Cryptoglaux, 173 
rostrata, Speotyto, 151 
royana, Ninox, 140 

rudolfi, Ninox, 138 
rudolphi, Ninox, 138 

rufa, Aegotheles, 182 

rufa, Athene, 136 

rufus, Caprimulgus, 197 
rufum, Glaucidium, 132 
rufus, Glaucidium, 131 
rufa, Ninox, 136 

rufescens, Aegotheles, 182, 184 
rufescens, Centropus, 76 
rufescens, Glaucidium, 134 
rufescens, Otus, 87 
rufescens, Pyrrhocentor, 76 
rufescens, Strix, 87, 164 
ruficeps, Coua, 65 
ruficervix, Caprimulgus, 200 
ruficervix, Stenopsis, 200 
ruficollis, Caprimulgus, 203 
ruficollis, Chalcites, 34 
ruficollis, Lamprococcyx, 34 
ruficolor, Strix, 148 
rufifacies, Sceloglaux, 147 
rufigena, Caprimulgus, 210 
rufigularis, Coceyzus, 45 
rufigularis, Dromococcyx, 60 
rufigularis, Piaya, 45 
rufiloris, Phoenicophaus, 55 
rufiloris, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
rufipennis, Cultrides, 63 
rufipennis, Neomorphus, 63 
rufipennis, Otus, 92 
rufipennis, Scops, 92 
rufipes, Strix, 163 
rufiventer, Cuculus, 39 
rufiventer, Eudynamys, 39 
rufiventris, Lurocalis, 185 
rufomerus, Chalcites, 33 
rufomerus, Chrysococcyx, 33 
rufostrigata, Athene, 137 
rufostrigata, Ninox, 137 
rukensis, Collocalia, 225 
rumenicus, Cuculus, 18 
rupestris, Caprimulgus, 186 
rupestris, Chordeiles, 186 


INDEX 285 


ruspolii, Tauraco, 6 
ruspolii, Turacus, 6 
russatus, Chalcites, 34 
russata, Chrysococcyx, 34 
ruthenus, Bubo, 114 
rutilus, Antrostomus, 198 
rutilus, Caprimulgus, 198 
rutila, Chaetura, 239 
rutilus, Cuculus, 48 
rutila, Hirundo, 239 
rutilus, Otus, 96 

rutilus, Scops, 96 
ruwenzorii, Caprimulgus, 210 
Ruwenzorornis, 8 


sabini, Chaetura, 237 

sablei, Strix, 162 

sablei, Syrnium, 162 
sagittatus, Ephialtes, 87 
sagittatus, Otus, 87 

saharae, Athene, 148 
saharae, Caprimulgus, 205 
saharae, Strix, 148 
sakhalinense, Syrnium, 165 
saliens, Rhopodytes, 52 
salvadorii, Aegotheles, 184 
salvadorii, Caprimulgus, 207 
salvadorii, Chalcites, 33 
salvadorii, Eudynamys, 39 
salvago-raggii, Scotopelia, 123 
salvini, Caprimulgus, 198 
salvini, Neomorphus, 62 
sanborni, Strix, 163 
sanctae-catarinae, Scops, 106 
sancti-hieronymi, Panyptila, 253 
sancti-jeromae, Panyptila, 253 
sancti-nicolai, Strix, 160 
sancti-nicolai, Syrnium, 160 
sandwichensis, Asio, 170 
sandwichensis, Strix, 170 
sanfordi, Asio, 170 

sanfordi, Micrathene, 135 
sanfordi, Rhamphomantis, 28 
sanghirensis, Eudynamis, 38 
sansibaricum, Syrnium, 155 
saonae, Saurothera, 50 
sarasinorum, Centropus, 72 
sarda, Athene, 147 

sarda, Strix, 147 

sartorii, Strix, 162 

sartorii, Syrnium, 162 
sarudnyi, Caprimulgus, 204 


286 


saturatus, Antrostomus, 200 
saturatus, Bubo, 111 
saturatus, Caprimulgus, 200 
saturatus, Cuculus, 20 
saturatus, Megascops, 100 
saturatus, Phodilus, 85 
saturata, Pulsatrix, 124 
Saurothera, 49 

savannicola, Musophaga, 8 
savesi, Aegotheles, 183 
saxatalis, Acanthylis, 253 
saxatalis, Aéronautes, 253 
scandiaca, Nyctea, 125 
scandiaca, Strix, 125 
Sceloglaux, 146 

schalowi, Corythaix, 4 
schalowi, Tauraco, 4 
scheffleri, Glaucidium, 132 
schillmélleri, Caprimulgus, 208 
schistacea, Chaetura, 238 
schistaceigularis, Cacomantis, 27 
Schizorhis, 9 

schmitzi, Strix, 77 

schmitzi, Tyto, 77 
schomburgki, Hydropsalis, 218 
schubotzi, Apus, 246 

schiittii, Corythaix, 5 

schiittii, Tauraco, 5 

sclateri, Chaetura, 238 
sclateri, Scotornis, 216 
scolopaceus, Cuculus, 37 
scolopacea, Eudynamys, 37 
Scops, 86 

scops, Otus, 89 

scops, Strix, 89 

scotaea, Nyctala, 173 
Scotiaptex, 156 

scotinus, Bubo, 113 
Scotopelia, 123 

Scotornis, 215 

scutulata, Ninox, 141 
scutulata, Strix, 141 
Scythrops, 40 

segmentatus, Hydropsalis, 219 
segmentata, Uropsalis, 219 
selo-puto, Strix, 156, 157 
Semeiophorus, 217 

semenowi, Ketupa, 122 
semicollaris, Acanthylis, 235 
semicollaris, Aérornis, 235 
semicollaris, Streptoprocne, 235 
semitorquatus, Caprimulgus, 185 


INDEX 


semitorquatus, Lurocalis, 185 
semitorques, Otus, 98 
semota, Reinarda, 255 
senegalensis, Chaetura, 240 
senegalensis, Centropus, 74 
senegalensis, Cuculus, 74 
senegalensis, Otus, 93, 170 
senegalensis, Scops, 93 

senex, Aérornis, 235 

senex, Cypselus, 235 
sennetti, Chordeiles, 187 
septentrionalis, Chordeiles, 185 
septentrionalis, Nannochordeiles, 185 
septimus, Batrachostomus, 178 
sepulcralis, Cacomantis, 24 
sepulcralis, Cuculus, 24 
serico-caudatis, Antrostomus, 198 
serico-caudatis, Caprimulgus, 198 
serratus, Clamator, 13 
serratus, Cuculus, 13 
serriana, Coua, 65 

setipes, Glaucidium, 127 
Setochalcis, 196 

Setopagis, 196 

setosus, Caprimulgus, 199 
setschuanus, Bubo, 116 
severzowi, Caprimulgus, 204 
shanensis, Strix, 158 

sharpei, Caprimulgus, 214 
sharpei, Chaetura, 240 
sharpei, Chrysococeyx, 29 
sharpei, Pulsatrix, 125 
sharpei, Tauraco, 5 

sharpei, Turacus, 5 

shelleyi, Bubo, 119 

shelleyi, Coccyzus, 43 
shelleyi, Cypselus, 247 
shelleyi, Huhua, 119 
sheppardi, Notafrapus, 242 
siamensis, Caprimulgus, 211 
siamensis, Otus, 88 

siaoénsis, Otus, 96 

siaoénsis, Scops, 96 

siberiae, Strix, 159 

sibiricus, Aegolius, 172 
sibiricus, Bubo, 114 

sibirica, Cryptoglaux, 172 
sibirica, Scops, 90 

sibirica, Strix, 114, 163 
sibiricum, Syrnium, 163 
sibutuensis, Otus, 96 
sibutuensis, Scops, 96 


siguapa, Asio, 168 

siguapa, Otus, 168 

siju, Glaucidium, 129 

siju, Noctua, 129 

silvicola, Otus, 97 

silvicola, Scops, 97 
simalurensis, Eudynamis, 37 
similis, Cuculus, 18 

simplex, Caprimulgus, 212 
simplicior, Caprimulgus, 206 
simulans, Morococcyx, 59 
simus, Cacomantis, 28 
simus, Cuculus, 28 
sinaloensis, Otus, 103 
sinensis, Centropus, 70 
sinensis, Eudynamys, 37 
sinensis, Polophilus, 70 
singalensis, Apus, 251 
singularis, Rhamphococcyx, 55 
Siphonorhis, 194 

sirkee, Centropus, 53 

sirkee, Taccocua, 53 
sjéstedti, Glaucidium, 134 
sladeniae, Apus, 248 
sladeniae, Cypselus, 248 
smaragdineus, Cuculus, 29 
smaragdineus, Metallococcyx, 29 
socorroensis, Micropallas, 135 
socotranus, Otus, 94 
socotranus, Scops, 94 
sokotrae, Centropus, 75 
solitarius, Cuculus, 16 
solitudinis, Athene, 148 
solokensis, Pisorhina, 95 
solokensis, Otus, 95 
solomonensis, Nesasio, 171 
solomonensis, Pseudoptynx, 171 
solomonis, Ninox, 145 
somalicus, Apus, 249 
somalicus, Micropus, 249 
somaliensis, Athene, 149 
sonneratii, Cuculus, 22 
sonneratii, Penthoceryx, 22 
sorocula, Strix, 82 

sorocula, Tyto, 82 

sororum, Collocalia, 227 
soumagnei, Heliodilus, 77 
soumagnei, Tyto, 77 
sparverioides, Cuculus, 15 
Speotyto, 150 

spilocephalus, Ephialtes, 88 
spilocephala, Ninox, 143 


INDEX 


spilocephalus, Otus, 88 
spilogastra, Athene, 149 
spilogastra, Noctua, 149 
Spiloglaux, 136 

spilonota, Ninox, 143 
spilonotum, Syrnium, 154 
spilopterus, Centropus, 69 
spinicauda, Acanthylis, 238 
spinicauda, Chaetura, 239 
spinicaudus, Cypselus, 239 
splendidus, Chrysococcyx, 34 
splendidus, Cuculus, 34 
spodiopygia, Collocalia, 228 
spodiopygius, Macropteryx, 228 
spurrelli, Scops, 88 
squamatus, Cypselus, 255 
squamata, Reinarda, 255 
squamiger, Neomorphus, 62 
squamipila, Athene, 144 
squamipila, Ninox, 144 
squamulata, Ciccaba, 153 
squamulatum, Syrnium, 153 
Steatornis, 174 
Steatornithes, 174 
Steatornithidae, 174 

steerei, Otus, 96 

steerii, Centropus, 70 

steini, Collocalia, 226 
stellatus, Batrachostomus, 178 
stellatus, Caprimulgus, 212 
stellatus, Podargus, 178 
Stenopsis, 196 

stertens, Tyto, 79 

stewarti, Surniculus, 35 
stictica, Strix, 81 
stictilaema, Chaetura, 240 
stictilaemus, Cypselus, 240 
stictomus, Caprimulgus, 213 
stictonotus, Otus, 91 
stictonotus, Scops, 91 
stirtoni, Piaya, 46 

stonei, Lurocalis, 184 
stormsi, Cuculus, 20 
strenua, Athene, 137 
strenua, Ninox, 137 
strepitans, Bubo, 119 
strepitans, Strix, 119 
Streptoprocne, 233 
stresemanni, Athenoptera, 89 
stresemanni, Cacomantis, 24 
stresemanni, Collocalia, 231 
stresemanni, Hemiprocne, 259 


237 


288 


stresemanni, Otus, 89 
streubelii, Apus, 250 
streubelii, Cypselus, 250 
striatus, Apus, 245 

striatus, Micropus, 245 
stricklandi, Lophostrix, 110 
stridula, Strix, 156 
Strigidae, 86 

Strigiformes, 77 

Striginae, 156 

strigoides, Caprimulgus, 176 
strigoides, Podargus, 176 
Strigonax, 121 

Strix, 77, 156 

stygius, Asio, 168 

stygius, Nyctalops, 168 
suahelicum, Syrnium, 155 
subandeana, Tyto, 81 
subarcticus, Bubo, 111 
subeyanocephala, Eudynamys, 39 
subfurcatus, Apus, 252 
subfurcatus, Cypselus, 252 
suboccidentalis, Ninox, 137 
subpallidus, Cacomantis, 23 
subtelephonus, Cuculus, 19 
suinda, Asio, 169 

suinda, Ciccaba, 154 
suinda, Strix, 169 

sulaensis, Otus, 96 
sulaensis, Pisorhina, 96 
sulcirostris, Crotophaga, 58 
sumatrana, Bubo, 119 
sumatranus, Cuculus, 51 
sumatranus, Rhopodytes, 51 
sumatrana, Strix, 119 
sumbaénsis, Strix, 79 
sumbaénsis, Tyto, 79 
sumbawae, Collocalia, 230 
sumichrasti, Nyctidromus, 193 
sunia, Otus, 91 

sunia, Scops, 91 
superciliaris, Ciccaba, 154 
superciliaris, Ninox, 142 
superciliaris, Strix, 81, 142 
superciliare, Syrnium, 154 
superciliosus, Centropus, 75 
superciliosus, Dasylophus, 56 
superciliosus, Phoenicophaus, 56 
superior, Ninox, 145 

Surnia, 126 

Surniculoides, 14 
Surniculus, 35 


INDEX 


swarthi, Glaucidium, 128 
swenki, Otus, 101 
swinhoei, Bubo, 117 
sylvatica, Acanthylis, 237 
sylvatica, Chaetura, 237 
sylvatica, Strix, 133, 159 
Syrnium, 156 

Systellura, 196 


Taccocua, 53 

Tachornis, 254 
Tachymarptis, 244 
Tachynautes, 255 
tachyptera, Collocalia, 225 
Tacitathena, 156 

tagulae, Collocalia, 226 
taitensis, Cuculus, 40 
taitensis, Urodynamis, 40 
takatsukasai, Centropus, 72 
tamaricis, Caprimulgus, 205 
tamaulipensis, Ciccaba, 153 
tamaulipensis, Strix, 153 
tametamele, Collocalia, 231 
Tapera, 58 

taprobanus, Clamator, 13 
tarimensis, Bubo, 116 
taruensis, Caprimulgus, 206 
tasmanicus, Aegotheles, 183 
tasmanicus, Chrysococcyx, 32 
tasmanicus, Heteroscenes, 21 
tasmanica, Spiloglaux, 140 
tatei, AéGronautes, 253 

tatei, Duidia, 253 

tatibanai, Strix, 164 
Tauraco, 3 

tauricus, Bubo, 114 
Telacanthura, 235 
telephonus, Cuculus, 18 
temminckii, Eurostopodus, 191 
temminickii, Lyncornis, 191 
tempestatis, Otus, 97 
tempestatis, Pisorhina, 97 
tenebricosus, Strix, 84 
tenebricosa, Tyto, 84 
tengmalmi, Strix, 172 
tenuipes, Bubo, 115 
tenuirostris, Cuculus, 23 
tenuirostris, Polyphasia, 23 
tephronotum, Glaucidium, 131 
teres, Coccyzus, 43 
terrae-reginae, Collocalia, 228 
terrae-reginae, Cypselus, 228 


terricolor, Ninox, 144 
Tetragonopyga, 244 
texensis, Chordeiles, 186 
Thelazomenus, 28 
theomacha, Ninox, 144 
theomacha, Spiloglaux, 144 
Thermochalcis, 196 
thermophila, Piaya, 46 
thespesia, Collocalia, 226 
thierfelderi, Centropus, 68 
thierryi, Centropus, 72 
thoa, Hemiprocne, 258 
thomensis, Chaetura, 237 
thomensis, Strix, 78 
thomensis, Tyto, 78 
thompsoni, Otus, 104 
threnodes, Cacomantis, 23 
tianschanica, Surnia, 126 
tibetanus, Bubo, 116 
ticehursti, Strix, 158 
tichelmani, Collocalia, 222 
tingitanus, Asio, 170 
tingitanus, Phasmoptynx, 170 
tobagensis, Stenopsis, 201 
tolimae, Speotyto, 152 
tomlini, Otus, 104 
tormenti, Micropus, 249 
torquatus, Caprimulgus, 218 
torquata, Strix, 124, 127 
torridus, Caprimulgus, 206 
totogo, Ctenoglaux, 141 
totogo, Ninox, 141 

toulou, Centropus, 71 
toulou, Cuculus, 71 
toulsoni, Apus, 248 
toulsoni, Cypselus, 248 
townsendi, Collocalia, 228 
transcaucasicus, Bubo, 114 
transvolgensis, Cryptoglaux, 172 
tregellasi, Spiloglaux, 140 
trichopsis, Otus, 103 
trichopsis, Scops, 103 
tricolor, Phaenicophaeus, 56 
tridactyla, Strix, 165 
trigeminus, Centropus, 76 
trimaculatus, Scotornis, 214 
trinitatis, Pulsatrix, 124 
tristigma, Caprimulgus, 214 
tristis, Melias, 52 

tristis, Rhopodytes, 52 
troglodytes, Caprimulgus, 199 
troglodytes, Collocalia, 229 


INDEX 289 


troglodytes, Speotyto, 151 
trothae, Bubo, 118 
troughtoni, Tyto, 83 
tschadensis, Centropus, 74 
tschusii, Scops, 90 
tsubame, Collocalia, 221 
tubiger, Glaucidium, 133 
tucumanum, Glaucidium, 131 
tuidara, Strix, 81 

tuidara, Tyto, 81 

tuneti, Apus, 245 

tuneti, Pisorhina, 90 
Turacus, 3 

turanicus, Otus, 90 
turanica, Pisorhina, 90 
turcmenica, Asio, 167 
turcomanus, Bubo, 115 
turcomana, Strix, 115 
turkestanensis, Apus, 247 
tymbonomus, Cuculus, 25 
typicus, Nyctibius, 181 
Tyto, 77 

Tytonidae, 77 

Tytoninae, 77 


uamensis, Tachornis, 256 
ucayalae, Glaucidium, 130 
uchidai, Hirundapus, 232 
ugandae, Caprimulgus, 211 
ugandae, Otus, 94 
ugandae, Pisorhina, 94 
ugandae, Turacus, 5 
ulula, Strix, 126 

ulula, Surnia, 126 

umbra, Otus, 93 

umbra, Pisorhina, 93 
umbratilis, Ephialtes, 98 
umbratilis, Otus, 98 
umbrina, Ciccaba, 155 
umbrinum, Surnium, 155 
undulata, Ninox, 136, 140 
undulata, Strix, 140 
unicolor, Apus, 250 
unicolor, Collocalia, 223 
unicolor, Cypselus, 250 
unicolor, Hirundo, 223 
unirufus, Centropus, 76 
unirufus, Pyrrhocentor, 76 
unwini, Caprimulgus, 205 
uralensis, Strix, 163 
Urococcyx, 54 

Urocolus, 184 


290 


Urodynamis, 40 
Uroglaux, 135 
Uropsalis, 219 
uropygialis, Collocalia, 231 
ussheri, Chaetura, 239 
ussheri, Scotopelia, 123 
ussuriensis, Bubo, 115 
ussuriensis, Ninox, 140 
ussuriensis, Otus, 98 
ussuriensis, Scops, 98 
usta, Otus, 107 

usta, Scops, 107 


vafrum, Glaucidium, 131 
vaga, Strix, 159 

vagans, Cuculus, 15 
validus, Cuculus, 14 
validus, Pachycoceyx, 14 
vandewateri, Otus, 89 
vandewateri, Pisorhina, 89 
vanikorensis, Collocalia, 226 
vanikorensis, Hirundo, 226 
varius, Cuculus, 15 

varia, Strix, 161 
variegata, Geococcyx, 60 
variegata, Noctua, 145 
variolosus, Cacomantis, 25 
variolosus, Cuculus, 25 
vauxi, Chaetura, 236 
vauxi, Cypcelus, 236 
Veles, 192 

velox, Cuculus, 61 

velox, Geococcyx, 61 
velutinus, Surniculus, 36 
venatica, Ninox, 140 
venatica, Noctua, 140 
venezuelensis, Piaya, 47 
venustus, Penthoceryx, 22 


vermiculatus, Antrostomus, 200 
vermiculatus, Caprimulgus, 200 


vermiculatus, Megascops, 105 
vermiculatus, Otus, 105 
verreauxi, Coua, 66 
verreauxii, Musophaga, 7 
verreauxii, Tauraco, 7 
vestita, Collocalia, 227 
vetula, Cuculus, 50 

vetula, Saurothera, 50 
vexillarius, Semeiophorus, 217 
vicinus, Chordeiles, 188 
victoriae, Eurostopodus, 190 


INDEX 


victoriae, Ninox, 137 
victoriae, Podargus, 176 
vidalii, Athene, 147 

vidgeni, Cacomantis, 26 
Vidgenia, 23 

vieilloti, Saurothera, 50 
vigilante, Glaucidium, 128 
vinaceus, Megascops, 103 
vinaceus, Otus, 103 
vinacea-brunneus, Caprimulgus, 212 
vincentis, Coccyzus, 43 
violaceus, Centropus, 67 
violacea, Musophaga, 8 
virescens, Cacomantis, 24 
virescens, Cuculus, 24 
virgata, Ciccaba, 154 
virgatum, Syrnium, 154 
virginianus, Bubo, 112 
virginianus, Caprimulgus, 187 
virginiana, Strix, 112 
viridipennis, Chaetura, 236 
viridirostris, Rhopodytes, 53 
viridirostris, Zanclostomus, 53 
viridis, Carpococcyx, 64 
viridis, Centropus, 71 
viridis, Cuculus, 71 
vittatum, Glaucidium, 129 
vociferus, Caprimulgus, 199 
vosseleri, Bubo, 119 
vulcanorum, Collocalia, 222 
vulpes, Heteroscops, 88 
vulpes, Otus, 88 


wahlbergi, Centropus, 73 
waigeuensis, Collocalia, 226 
waigoui, Cuculus, 19 

waiti, Penthoceryx, 22 
wallacii, Aegotheles, 183 
wallacii, Dendrochelidon, 258 
wallacii, Hemiprocne, 258 
walleri, Strix, 85 

walleri, Tyto, 85 
wapacuthu, Bubo, 111 
wapacuthu, Strix, 111 
watsonii, Ephialtes, 107 
watsonii, Otus, 107 
websteri, Cacomantis, 25 
wedeli, Lophostrix, 110 
weiskei, Cacomantis, 26 
wellsi, Cercococcyx, 21 
westwoodia, Cuculus, 26 


wetmorei, Otus, 106 
whiteheadi, Collocalia, 221 
whiteheadi, Otus, 97 
whiteheadi, Scops, 97 
whiteheadi, Syrnium, 157 
whitei, Tyto, 83 

whitelyi, Antrostomus, 203 
whitelyi, Athene, 134 
whitelyi, Caprimulgus, 203 
whitelyi, Glaucidium, 134 
whitneyi, Athene, 135 
whitneyi, Micrathene, 135 
wiedenfeldi, Aegotheles, 183 
wiepkeni, Strix, 157 
wiepkeni, Syrnium, 157 
willkonskii, Strix, 159 
willkouskii, Syrnium, 159 
willsi, Apus, 245 

willsi, Micropus, 245 
wilsonianus, Asio, 167 
wilsonianus, Otus, 167 
wondiwoi, Aegotheles, 184 
woodfordiana, Hemiprocne, 258 
woodfordiana, Macropteryx, 258 
woodfordii, Ciccaba, 156 
woodfordii, Noctua, 156 
woodfordi, Syrnium, 153 
wyndhami, Chrysococcyx, 32 


xanthorhynchus, Chalcites, 31 
xanthorhynchus, Cuculus, 31 
xantusi, Megascops, 102 
xantusi, Otus, 102 

xyostictus, Chordeiles, 186 


INDEX 291 


yalensis, Corythaeola, 9 
yamadae, Strix, 160 
yamashinai, Bubo, 115 
yenisseensis, Bubo, 114 
yenisseensis, Strix, 163 

yorki, Caprimulgus, 208 
yorki, Collocalia, 226 

yorki, Ninox, 139 

yorki, Polophilus, 69 

yorki, Vidgenia, 26 

youngi, Crotema, 215 

yradii, Cypselus, 254 
yucatanensis, Nyctidromus, 193 
yucatanicus, Caprimulgus, 195 
yucatanicus, Otophanes, 195 


zaissanensis, Bubo, 116 
zaleucus, Chordeiles, 186 
Zanclostomus, 54 
zanzibaricus, Tauraco, 6 
zanzibaricus, Turacus, 6 
zarudnyi, Pisorhina, 90 
zenkeri, Tauraco, 3 
zenkeri, Turacus, 3 
zeylonensis, Ketupa, 122 
zeylonensis, Strix, 122 
zonaris, Hirundo, 234 
zonaris, Streptoprocne, 234 
zonurus, Chizaerhis, 10 
zonurus, Crinifer, 10 
Zoonava, 221 

zoonava, Collocalia, 228 
Zoonavena, 241 

zottae, Tyto, 81 


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