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[TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR]
THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS
ALMANAC
AND YEAR-BOOK
FOR
ion
9
COMPILED BY JAMES LANGLAND, M. A.
ISSUED BY
THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS COMPANY
[Copyright, 1910, by The Chicago Daily News Co.]
PREFACE.
Among other matters of special interest contained in the
present issue of The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book
mention may be made of the following:
The new postal savings bank law of the United States.
This is regarded as one of the most important pieces of legis-
lation in recent years, for which reason the text of the act is
given in full.
The amendments to the interstate-commerce law, includ-
ing provisions for a commerce court to supplement the work of
the commission.
Details of the old-age and industrial pension systems of
various countries of the world. In view of proposed state and
national legislation on this subject it is believed that the infor-
mation given is timely and suggestive.
Results of the thirteenth decennial census of the United
States, showing the growth of population in the various states
and territories and in the principal cities. The county popula-
tion will be found in the election tables.
State, congressional and local elections in 1910, showing a
marked reversal of political sentiment in many parts of the
country.
These are but a few of the many new and old features
which should make The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book
for 1911 a reference work of exceptional value. It may also be
noted that in the effort to add to the general usefulness and
comprehensiveness of the book it has been found necessary to
increase its size by thirty-two pages, making the total in this
issue 640.
INDEX 1911.
Note^Table of contents of pre-
vious issues of The Daily News
Almanac and Year-Book begins
011 page 626.
Page.
Abyssinia 127
Academy, French 92
Academy of Design, National. 556
Academy of Fine Arts, Chicago 546
Academy of Sciences 552
Academy of Sciences Library. 510
Academy of Sciences, Nat'l... 201
Accident, Railroad, Law 44
Accidents, Football 408
Accidents, Fourth of July 174
Accidents, Hunting 491
Accidents, Miscellaneous 344
Accidents, Railroad, Statistics 339
Accountants, Examiners of... 462
Adams Park 500
Administration, State Board of 461
Administrator, Public 475
Admission of Territories 42
Aeronautical Progress 314
Afghanistan 126
Africa t 127
Ages, Population by 433
Agricultural Institute, Rome. 132
Agricultural Statistics 141
Agriculture, Department of.. 256
Agriculture, Secretaries of.. 113
Agriculture, State Board 459
Airship Passenger Service 319
Alabama, Vote of 354
Alaska, Territory of 116
Aldermen, Board of 483
Aldermen, Vote for 403
Aldine Square .. 500
Algeria , 127
Alleys. Length of..... 626
Aluminum Produced 177
Amateur Musical Club 495
Ambassadors, American 270
Ambassadors to U. S '273
American Antiquities 87
American Bible Society 193
American Federation of Labor 195
American Republics, Bureau. 179
American Tract Society 193
American Trotting Derby 227
America's Cup, The 233
Amphion Singing Club 495
Amundsen Expedition 175
Amy L. Barnard Park 500
Anatomists, Ass'n of Amer. . 201
Andrew. A. P.. Sketch 333
Anglo- Boer War, Chronology. 68
Animals. Farm 144
Annexation. Vote 404
Antarctic Exploration 175
Anti-Cruelty Society 608
Antietam Park 87
Antimony Produced 177
Antiquities, American 87
Antlsaloon Campaign, Chicago 520
Anti-Saloon League, Illinois. 608
Antitrust Law. Sherman 70
Apollo Musical Club 495
Appeals, Circuit Courts of 257
Page.
Appellate Court, 1st District. 476
Apportionment, Congressional. 269
Appropriations by Congress. .. 45
Appropriations, Chicago 494
Appropriations, Cook County. 479
Appropriations, Illinois 465
Arabic Numerals 62
Arbitration, Hague Court of. 66
Arbitration In Fisheries Case. 69
Arbitration, Record of 70
Arbitration, State Board 461
Arbor Rest 500
Arcade Park 500
Archaeological Society of Am. 201
Archbishops, Catholic 188
Archdiocese of Chicago 189
Archer Point 500
(Archery 250
Architect, County 474
Architect, State 461
Architects, American Inst 200
Architects, Examiners. State. 461
Architectural Club, Chi. ..554, 568
Arctic Exploration 175
Area, Chicago, Growth of 516
Area of Chicago 491
Area of Cities 320
Area of Oceans and Lakes 86
Area of United States 324
Argentina 127
Arizona, Admission of 42
Arizona, Vote of 355
Arkansas, Vote of 355
Armenian Massacres 71
Armies of World 282
Armour Square 498
Army and Navy Union 210
Army of the United States... 275
Army Pay Table 280i
Army, Strength of 280
Arrivals, Vessel, Chicago 524
Arsenals, United States 76
Art Clubs, Chicago 558
Art Commission, State 462
. 76
. 546
Art Galleries, Leading.
Art Institute, Chicago.,
Art League, Municipal 501
Artists, Societies of 558
Arts. American Federation of 556
Asbestos Produced 177
Ashland Boulevard 499
Asia 126
Asiatic Association. American 200
Asphaltum Produced 177
Assay Offices. United States.. 256
Assembly, Illinois, 47th 448
Assessment, Chicago 522
Assessment, Cook County 522
Assessment. Illinois 470
Assessors, Board of 474
Assets, Fixed. Chicago 494
Assoc'ted Fraternities of Am. 206
Associated Press, The 201
Associations, Illinois 470
Associations. National 556
Astronomical Soc. of America 201
Asylums in Chicago 618
Asylums in United States 137
Athletic Association, Chicago. 554
Athletic Records 217
Athletic Records in 1910 221
Athletic Records, World's 220
Page.
/Atlantic Fisheries Dispute 69
Atlantic Voyages, Fastest 329
Attorney, City 484
Attorneys, City, Since 1837... 495
Attorney, Prosecuting 484
Attorneys-General 113
Attorneys, U. S. District/ 259
Austin Park... <* 500
Australia 122
Austria-Hungary 122
Automobile Club, Chicago 554
Automobile Fares 570
Automobile Races 235
Autumn Begins 13
Aviation Accidents 316
Aviation Meets 315
Aviation. Progress of 311
Aviation Records 3i6
Avondale Park.". BOO
Ballinger-Pinchot Controversy 311
Ballinger, R. A., Portrait 252
Ballooning sis
Balloon Racing 319
Bankers' Association, Amer.: 556
Bankers' Association, Illinois 470
Banking, Amer. Institute of. 556
Banking, Growth of 156
Banking Power of U. S 156
Banking Statistics 155
Banks, Foreign Postal Savings 155
Banks, National 155
Banks of Chicago 511
Banks, Postal Savings, Law. 40
Banks, Principal Foreign 155
Banks, Savings of U. S 156
Banks, Savings, Statistics.... 157
Bank Statistics. Chicago 512
Baptist Brotherhood 558
Baptist Denomination 192
Baptist Ministers' Conference 558
Baptist Social Union 558
Bar Association, American... 200
Bar Association, Chicago 568
P>ar Association, Illinois .470
Barbers' Examining Board 462
Barley Crop by Years 143
Barley Crop of World 149
Barometer. Wind, for Lakes. 176
Bartzen, P., Portrait 473
Barytes Produced 177
Baseball 221
Baseball, College 225
Basket Ball 250
Bathing Beaches 501
Baths. Free Public.... 558
Battle Ship Fleet. Cruise of.. 162
Battle Ships. United States.. 29
Bauxite Produced ,,. 177
Beef Packing. Chicago ,... 584
Beet Sugar Production. ...,.,. 148
Belden Avenue Triangle ....... 500
Belgium 123
Benevolent Institutions, U. S. 137
Benevolent Societies 2i>2
Bequests. Notable, in 1910.... 33j
Berger, V. L., Sketch 3&
1 93602
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
Page.
Bessemer ,- J ark 498
Bible Sociaty, American 193
Bible Society, Am., Chicago.. 558
Bibliographical Soc., Chicago. 568
Bickerdike Square 500
Billiards 249
Biological Chemists, Am. Soc. 200
Bird Reserves 173
Birth Rates 139, 140
Birth Stones 182
Bishops, Catholic 188
Bishops, Episcopal 189
Bishops, Methodist 190
Bjorgvin Singing Society 495
Bjornson, B., Death of 68
Blair, F. G., Portrait 458
Blackstone Point 500
Blind in United States 445
Blind Minors, Chicago 586
Board of Health, State 460
Board of Trade 558
Boat Racing 241
Boer War, Chronology 68
Boiler Inspection, Department 486
Bokhara 126
Bolivia 127
Bond and Stock Commission.. 39
Bonds, City Hall, Vote on 403
Borax Produced 177
Botanical Society of America 201
Boulevards, Chicago 497
Bowling 246
Braga, T., Sketch 333
Brazil 127
Bridges, Closed Hours on 596
Bridges in Chicago.... 576
British Elections 116
Brooklyn Handicap 227
Brotherhood of Andrew and
Philip 193
Broward, N., Sketch 333
Brundage, E. J., Portrait 482
Brussels Exposition Fire 53
Buckwheat Crop by Years 143
Bnena Circle 500
Building Associations 120
Building Department 485
Builders' Club 554
Building Statistics, Chicago... 503
Buildings, Notable, Chicago.. 574
Bulgaria 123
Burke, John, Sketch 333
Bushel Weights 181
Busse, F. A., Portrait 482
Butter, International Trade.. 146
Butter, Production 164
Cab and Carriage Fares 570
Cabinets of United States 112
Cables, World's 59
Calabrian Earthquake 86
Calendar for 1911 15
Calendar for 1912 31
Calendar, Ready-Reference 21
Calendars, Various 14
California, Vote of 356
Calumet Club 554
Calumet Park 498
Cambridge-Oxford Races 243
Camera Club, Chicago 554
Campaign Contributions 43
Campaign Costs 268
Campbell, M., Portrait 482
Campbell Park.... 499
Canada 121
Canadian Crops 146
Canal Commissioners, Illinois. 461
Canal, Hennepin 94
Canal, New York 94
Canal, Panama 63
Canals, Great Ship 94
Canals in United States 93
Canvassing Board, State 46S
Capital Punishment 136
Page.
Capitals of States 328
Capitol in Washington 264
Cardinals, College of 189
Car Ferry Wreck 345
Carnegie Peace Fund 451
Carroll, W., Portrait 482
Cartago Earthquake 140
Carnegie Foundation 86
Carnegie Hero Fund 83
Carnegie Institution 132
Casa Grande Park 87
Casting. Fly and Bait 231
Casualties, Fourth of July 174
Casualties, Miscellaneous 344
Catholic Associations 189
Catholic Bishops 188
Catholic Church Statistics 189
Catholic Woman's League 558
Cattle Prices 58
Caxton Club.. 554
Cemeteries, Chicago 491
Cemeteries, Location of 540
Cemeteries, National 336
Cement Produced 177
Census, School, Chicago 578
Census, Thirteenth 432
Centenarians, Deaths of 274
Central American States 128
Cervenka, J. A., Portrait 473
Chaco Canyon 87
Chamizal Arbitration Com'n.. 132
Chancery, Masters in 476
Championships, All-Around.... 220
('Championships, Nat. Amateur 219
Charcot Expedition 175
Charitable Institutions, State. 461
Charities Commission, Illinois 461
Charities Conference, Illinois. 470
Charities Conference, Nat'l... 556
Charities, Cook County 481
Charity Organizat'ns. Chicago 508
Charter Movement, Chicago... 544
Chattanooga Park 87
Checkers 251
Cheese, International Trade.. 147
Cheese Production 164
Chemical Society, American.. 200
Chess 250
Chicago Appropriations 494
Chicago, Archdiocese of 189
Chicago Ass'n of Commerce... 492
Chicago at a Glance 491
Chicago Club 654
Chicago Debt 494
Chicago Election Returns 394
Chicago Federation of Labor.. 197
Chicago Finances 493
Chicago Grain Statistics 530
Chicago, Growth in Area 516
Chicago Officials 483
Chicago Points of Interest 536
Chicago, Population of 491
Chicago, Progress of 572
Chicago Yacht Club 554
Chicagoans, Death of 349
Ohicagoans, Old 618
Chickamauga Park 87
Chiefs of Police, Chicago 540
Children, Heights and Weights 201
Children's Home Society 556
Chile 128
China 126
China, Disturbances in 332
Chinese Calendar 14
Chinese Railway Loan 327
Cholera, Epidemic of 131
Chopin Singing Society 46
Christian Association, Nat'l... 558
Christian Endeavor t'nion 194
Christian Endeavor, Illinois.. 558
Christian Science Church 194
Chronological Cycles 13
Church Days 29
Church Membership. Chicago.. 512
Church of New Jerusalem 193
Church Property, Value 187
Churches, Number in Chicago 491
Churches. Statistics of 185
Cincinnati, Society of 211
Page.
Cinder Cone 87
Circuit Court, Cook County... 476
Circuit Courts of Appeals 257
Circuit Courts, United States. 257
Circulation Statement 159
Circulat'n Tables, Dally News 625
Cities, Amer., Population of 438
Cities, Distances Between 184
Cities, Largest in World 308
Cities, Statistics of 320
Cities Under Commissions 72
Citizens' Association 534
Citizens' League, Chicago 608
Citizens' Clubs, Federation of 534
Citizeiship Congress, Chicago 534
Citizenship in United States. 103
City Clerk's Office 484
City Clerks Since 1837 516
City Club, Chicago 534
City Debts 322
City Offices, Directory of 487
City Valuations 322
Civic Federation, Chicago 534
Civic Federation, 111. Branch. 470
Civic Federation. National.... 556
Civil Engineers, Am. Society 201
Civil List, Chicago 483
Civil List, Cook County 474
Civil List, Illinois 459
Civil List, United States 253
Civil Service Ass'n, Illinois.. 470
Oevil Service Com., Chicago.. 486
Civil Service Com., Cook Co.. 474
Civil Service Com., Illinois... 462
Civil Service Com., U. S 256
Civil Service League, Chicago. 534
Civil Service Reform Ass'n... 534
Civil Service, United States.. 85
Civil War Survivors 326
Civil War, Troops In 66
Claims, Court of 257
Clay Products 177
Clearances. Vessel, Chicago... 524
Clearings, Chicago Bank 512
Clemens, Samuel, Death of... 170
Clerk, County,, Vote for 398
Clerk, Crim. Court. Vote for 400
Clerk, Probate, Vote for 400
Cliff Dwellers' Club 554
Climatological Ass'n, Amer... 200
Climatology, United States... 327
Clubs. Chicago 554
Coal Industry, Illinois 466
Coal Production in U. S 177
Coast Line of United States.. 269
Coffee Consumed in U. S 174
Coffee Consumed, Per Capita. 162
Coinage by Nations 151
Coinage Mints. United States. 256
Coinage of the World 153
Coinage, Per Capita 162
Coins of the United States.... 178
Coins, Value of Foreign 179
Coins, Value of Rare 154
Coleman, W. A., Portrait 482
Collector, City 484
College Colors 90
College, Electoral 107
College Statistics 407
Colleges, American 301
Colleges, Medical, In U. S.... 300
Colombia 128
Colonial Club of Chicago 554
Colonial Wars, Society of 211
Colonies of Nations 129, 130
Color, Population by 433
Colorado Point 600
Colorado. Vote of 357
Colors, College 90
Colors. High School 90
Columbia Yacht Club 554
Columbus Circle 500
Comet A of 1910 32
Comet, Halley's 32
Commerce, Chicago Ass'n of.. 492
Commerce Court Law 34
Commerce Court. Members.... 440
Commerce Department 255
Commerce, Secretaries of 113
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Page.
Commercial Club 554
Committees, Cook Co. Pollt.. 298
Committees, Illinois Political. 297
Committees, Political 295
Commission Form of Gov't Act 46
Commission-Governed Cities... 72
Commissions, International 132
Commodities, Prices of 58
Compensation, Bureau of 485
Comptroller, City 484
Comptroller, County 474
Concordia League 558
Confederate Veterans, United 210
Congregational Churches 191
Congregational Club, Chicago 558
Congregat'nal Ministers' Union 558
Congregat'nal Sun. Sch. Ass'n 558
Congress, Appropriations by.. 45
Congress, Library of 264
Congress Park 500
Congress, Party Lines In 114
Congress Rules Contest 33
Congress, 61st, Members 261
Congress, 61st, Work of 33
Congress, 62d, Members 265
Congressional Apportionment. 269
Congressional Dists., Cook Co. 472
Congressional Districts, 111... 454
Conjugal Condition, Popul'n.. 437
Connecticut, Vote of 357
Connery, F. D., Portrait 482
Conservation Ass'n, National. 310
Conservation Bonds 43
Conservation Congress 31 1
Conservation of Resources 310
Constellations of Zodiac 28
Constitution, United States... 440
Consuls, American 271
Consuls In Chicago 274
Consumption, Deaths from... 139
Contributions, Campaign 43
Conventions, National 107
Cook County Elections 394
Cook County Finances 480
Cook County Forest Preserves 503
Cook Co. For. Preserve, Vote 403
Cook County Officials 473, 474
Cook Co. Political Committees 298
Cook Co. Senatorial Dists.471, 472
Cook, Fred'k A., Discredited. 175
Copper Produced 177
Copyright Laws, U. S 79
Corn Consumed Per Capita... 162
Corn Crop by States 148
Corn Crops by Years 143
Corn Crop of World 142
Corn, International Trade 146
Corn Prices, Chicago 530
Cornell Square 498
Coroner's Office 475
Corporation Counsel 484
Corporation Tax Receipts 172
Correction, House of 486
Correct'n, House of. Statistics 530
Corundum Produced 177
Costa Rica 128
Costa Rica, Earthquake in... 140
Cost of Living, High 53
Cotton Consumed Per Capita. 162
Cotton Crop by States 160
Cotton Crop by Years 144
Cotton for Mill Use 149
Cotton, International Trade.. 147
Cotton, Spindles, World's 150
Council, City 483
Counties, 111., Facts About... 447
County Agent's Office 475
County Attorney's Office 475
County Clerk 474
County Commissioners 474
County Com'rs, Vote for.. 400. 402
County Court 476
County Democracy 53 1
County, Department Directory 475
County Hospital 475
County Officers, Illinois..: 467
County Snpts., Ass'n of 470
Court of Commerce, Law 34
Court of Commerce, Members 440
Page.
Court, Municipal 477
Court of Claims 257
Court of Claims, Illinois 459
Court of Customs Appeals.... 257
Court, United States Supreme 257
Courts, Circuit, United States 257
Courts, Federal, in Chicago... 476
Courts In Cook County 476
Crater Lake Park 87
Crerar Library, The John 509
Crescent Park 500
Cribs, Waterworks 492
Cricket 237
Crime, Statistics of 135
Criminal Court 476
Criminal Law, Internat'l Com. 556
Criminal Statistics, Chicago.. 560
Crops, Farm, by Years 143
Crops In Canadian Northwest. 146
Crops of 1910 146
Crops, Value of 144
Cruce. Lee, Sketch 333
Cruise of Battle Ships 162
Cruisers, United States 290
Crystalline Quartz Produced.. 177
Cuba 128
Customs Appeals, Court of 257
Customs Duties 60
Customs Revenue Per Capita.. 162
Cycles, Chronological 13
Cycling Club, Chicago 554
Daily News Circulation 625
Dalai Lama Deposed 119
Danbury Hatters' Case Ill
Dates of Historical Events 71
Daughters of Revolution 212
Dauphin Park 500
Davis, Abel, Portrait 473
Davis Square 498
Days of Grace 183
Deaf In United States 445
Deaf Minors, Chicago 586
Death Penalty In U. S 136
Death Rates, Chicago 514
Death Rates, Foreign 138
Death Rates, United States. 138
Death Roll of 1910 346
Deaths from Violence 138
Deaths of Noted Persons 73
Debt, Chicago 494
Debt of Cities 322
Debt, Public 158
Debt. Public, Analysis of 159
Debt, Public, by Years 159
Debt. Public, Per Capita 161
Debts, National 160
Decorations for Chlcagoans . . . 552
DeKalb Square 500
Delaware, Vote of 357
Democratic County Committee 298
Democratic Nat'l Committee.. 295
Democratic Platform 108
Democratic State Committee. 297
Deneen, C. S., Portrait 458
Denmark 123
Denominations, Statistics of. 186
Density of Population 436
Dental Association, State 470
Dental Examiners. State 461
Dependencies of Nations 130
Dermatological Ass'n, Am 205
Devil's Tower !>7
Derby, English 227
Dialect Society, American 200
Diamonds, World's Famous.. 182
Dickinson, J. M., Portrait 252
Dickinson Park 500
Diplomatic Service, U. S 270
Directory City Departments.. 4S7
Directory County Depts 475
Disbursements. Government... 161
Dispensaries in Chicago 608
Dispensaries In United States 137
Page.
Distances Between Cities 184
Distances in Chicago 540
Distances Seen on Lakes 88
Distances to Seaports 184
District Attorneys, U. S 259
District Court Judges... 258
Divorce, Causes for 134
Divorce Statistics 133
DIx, John A., Sketch 333
Diamonds, Weights of 92
Disasters to Shipping 93
Douglas Boulevard 499
Douglas Monument Park 500
Douglas Park 499
Drago Doctrine 68
Drainage District 526
Drexel Boulevard 498
Dreyfus Case 71
Drought in 1910 84
Duties Collected 97
Duties, Customs 60
E
Eagles, Fraternal Order of... 205
Earthquake in Southern Italy 134
Earthquakes, Great Modern.. 86
East End Park 500
Easter Sunday Dates 14
Eastern SIflr, Order of 203
Eberhart, A. O., Sketch 333
Eclectic Medical Association. 201
Eclipses in 1911 29
Economic Ass'n, American 200
Ecuador 128
Eddy, Mary Baker, Death of. 408
Edge water Country Club 554
Edison Park (Annexation Vote 403
Education Board, General 74
Education, Board of 504
Education, Bureau of U. S... 256
Education, Statistics of 405
Educational Ass'n, National.. 201
Educational Commission, 111.. 462
Edward VII., Death of 67
Efficiency, Public, Committee. 532
Egypt 127
Eldred Grove 500
Election Calendar, General... 89
Election Commissioners 486
Election, Presidential, 1912 106
Election Returns, General 354
Elections, Chicago 394
Elections, Cook County 394
Electoral College 107
Electoral Districts, Illinois... 452
Electoral Vote by States 90
Electric Railroads 340
Electrical Engineers, Am. Inst. 200
Electrical Units 180
Electricity, Department of 486
Elections, British 116, 268
Electro-Therapeutic Ass'n 200
Elevated Railroad Stations.... 542
Elevation, Highest, in States 154
Elevation of Chicago 491
Elks, Order of 205
Ellis Park 500
El Morro Monument 87
Ember Days 29
Employes, Civil Service. U. S. 85
Employes on City Pay Rolls.. 487
Employers' Liability Act 44
Employers' Liability Com., 111. 469
Employers' Liability Law. ,111. 46
Englewood Club 554
Englewood Woman's Club 554
Engineer, City 485
Engineers, Board of Examin'g 486
Engineers, Superv'g, Traction. 485
Engineers. Western Society of 568
Entomologist, State 460
Epidemic of Cholera 131
Episcopal Church 189
Epworth League 5">s
Equal Suffrage Ass'n. Illinois. 470
c
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Page.
Equalization, Board of 460
Equinox, Vernal 28
Eras of Time 13
Esperanto Simplified 82
Eugenie Triangle 500
European Languages 52
Evans, W. A., Portrait 482
Evanston Historical Society.. 510
Evanston Public Library 509
Events of 1910 343
Events, Recent Historical 71
Executive Department, 111 459
Executive Department, Wash. 253
Expenditures, Chicago 493
Expenditures, Government 161
Expenditures, Illinois 481 j
Expenditures, National 160
Exploration, Polar 175
Ex|M>rt8 by Continents 98
Exports by Countries 99
Exports by Groups 98
Exports of Merchandise 96
Exports Per Capita 162
Exports, Value, by Years 100
Exposition Commissioners 132
Express Business in U. S 70
Factory Inspectors, State 460
Failures in United States 168
Fall Begins 13
Fame, American Hall of 274
Family, League for Protect'n 556
Fares, Legal, in Chicago 570
Farm Crops by Years 143
Farm Property, Value of 144
Farmers' Institute. Illinois... 460
Farms in the United States.. 144
Farms, Value of Medium 170
Farragut Yacht Club 554
Federal Civil Service 85
Federal Council of Churches. 194
Federal Prisons 137
Feeble-Minded In U. S 445
Feldspar Produced 177
Fernwood Park 500
Field Museum 556
Field Museum Library 510
Field Museum Site 52
Finances, Chicago 493
Finances, Cook County 480
Finances, U. S., Per Capita.. 161
Financial Statistics 151
Fine Arts Academy. Chicago.. 546
Fine Arts Commission Law... 44
Fire Chiefs, Chicago 550
Fire Department 486
Fire Engines, Location 534
Fire Insurance 283
Fire-Insurance Patrols 534
Fire Losses, Chicago T03
Fire Losses in 1910 343
Fire Marshal, State 462
Fires. Forest, in 1910 216
Fires, Theater, List of 173
Fish and Game Laws 169
Fish Commissioners, Illinois.. 460
Fish Furniture Store Fire 134
Fisheries Commission 132
Fisheries Dispute Award 69
Flag-Day Association, Am 213
Flax Production 148
Flaxseed Production 148
Flood in Paris 92
Floods and Storms 344
Florida, Vote of 358
Flour, International Trade.... 148
Flowers. State 179
Fluorspar Produced 177
Fly and Bait Casting 231
Folks. H., Sketch 333
Food Commissioner, State 460
Football Accidents 408
Football Results 226
Page.
Forecasts, Weather 176
Foreign-Born in Cities 435
Foreign-Born Populat'n, U. S. 433
Foreign Governments. * < 121
Foreign Minors, Chicago 582
Foreign Money, Valu 179
Foreign Service, Veterans of. 213
Foreign Wars, Order of 211
Forest Fires in 1910 216
Forest Preserve, Map 502
Forest Preserve, Cook County 503
For. Preserve, Cook Co., Vote 403
Forester, City 487
Foresters, Ind. Order of 203
Forestry Association, Amer... 200
Forestry Service, Work of 306
Forests, National 309
Fort Massac Trustees 463
Fortnightly Club 568
Forty Club 554
Foss, E. N., Sketch 333
Fountains in Chicago 536
Fourth of July Casualties 174
France 123
Franklin Boulevard 499
Fraternal Congress, National. 205
Fraternal Societies 202
Fraternal Union of America.. 204
Fraternities, Assoc'd of Am.. 206
Free List for Travelers 77
Free Public Baths 558
Freier Saengerbund 495
Fuller, Chief Justice, Death of 78
Fuller's Earth Produced 177
Futurity Stakes 227
Gage Park
Galleries, Art, Leading
Game and Fish Laws
Game Preserves, National
Gardens, Zoological
Gardner, W., Sketch
Garfleld Boulevard
Garfield Park
Garnet Produced
Garnishment Law, Illinois
Gas, Natural. Produced
Gatun Dam
Gaynor, Mayor, Att. to Kill..
General Education Board
Geological Commission, 111
Geological Society of America
Geological Survey
Geographic Society, Chicago..
Geographic Society, National.
Geographical Society, Amer...
George V., Accession of
Georgia, Vote of
German Universities
Germania" Club
Germania Maennerchor
Germany
Gettysburg Park
Gifts, Notable in 1910
Giia Cliff Dwellings
Glacier National Park
Glacier Park
Glidden Tour
Gods, Greek and Roman
Gold Coinage of World
Gold Imports and Exports
Gold, Fineness of
Gftlrt Production by States....
Gold Production by Years
Gold Production, World's
Gold Stock In United States.
Golf
Good Roads Movement
Government Disbursements...
Government Officials.
Gov't Officials in Chicago
Government Receipts
Governments, Foreign
Governors of Illinois
497
76
169
173
173
334
4!>S
499
177
170
177
63
251
74
463
201
256
568
201
200
C7
358
305
534
495
123
87
331
87
44}
87
235 I
65'
153
98
92
152
151
151
152
2::s
515
101
253
508
161
121
453
Page.
Governors of States 328
Governor's Parkway 500
Grain Inspectors, Illinois 460
Grain Statistics, Chicago 530
Grace, Days of 183
Gran Quivira Monument 87
Grand American Handicap 245
Grand Army of the Republic. 208
Grand Boulevard 498
Grand Canyon Monument 88
Grand Prix de Paris 228
Grant, General, Park 87
Grant Park 497
Graphite Produced 177
Graves, H. S., Sketch 334
Gravity, Specific 181
Great Britain 121
Greece 124
Greek and Roman Gods 65
Greek Church Calendar 14
Green Bay Triangle 500
Grindstones Produced 177
Gross Park 500
Groveland Park 500
Growth, Territorial, U. S 106
Gruetli Maennerchor 495
Guam, Island of 116
Guatemala 128
Gypsum Produced 177
Hague Court of Arbitration.. 66
Hague Peace Conferences 66
Haul 129
Hall of Fame, American 274
Halley's Comet 82
Hamilton Club 554
Hamilton Park 498
Hamliu Park 497
Hammond Library 510
Handel Musical Club 495
Harbor Commission. Chicago. 538
Harbor Lights, Chicago 548
Hai-ciin Square 498
Hardinge, C., Sketch 334
Harmon, J., Sketch 334
Ha ruga ri Maennerchor 495
Harvard- Yale Races 242
Harvest Calendar 146
Hatters' Case, Danbury Ill
Hawaii, Territory of 115
Hawaii, Vote of 359
Hawaiian Islands, Population 430
Hay Crop by Years 143
Health Department, City 484
Health, State Board of 460
Heavens, Chart of 24
Hebrew Calendar 14
Heights of Children 201
Heights of Adults 132
Hemp Production 149
Henley Regatta 243
Hennepin Canal 94
Hero Fund, Carnegie 83
Hibernians, United Order of. 205
Higgins Road Triangle 600
High Buildings, Chicago 574
High Cost of Living 53
High-School Colors 90
High-School Records 218
High Schools, Statistics of... 406
Highest Points in States 154
Highest Structures 131
Highway Commission, State.. 462
Historical Association. Am... 200
Historical Events. Recent 71
Historical Library, Illinois... 459
Historical Society Library... 610
Historical Society. State 470
Hitchcock, F. II., Portrait.... 252
Hoffman, P. M., Portrait 473
Holden Park 600
Holidays, Legal 91
Hr.-lland 126
Holstein Park 491
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
Page.
Homestead Law Ill
Honduras 128
Homeopathy, Am. Institute. . . 200
Homes, Charitable, Chicago.. 618
Hookworm-Disease Commission 116
Hop Production 148
Eoran, James, Portrait 482
Horse Racing 227
Horses, Record Sales of 227
Horticultural Society, Illinois 460
Hospital, County 475
Hospitals in Chicago 608
Hospitals in U. S 137
Hospitals, State 461
Hot Springs Park 87
Hot Weather in 1910 84
House-Number System 526, 527
Hughes, C. E., Sketch 334
Humane Society, Illinois 470
Humboldt Park 498
Humboldt Park Boulevard 499
Humorists, American Press... 556
Hungary 122
Hunting Accidents 491
Hutchins, H. B., Sketch 334
Hyde-Swope Murder Case Ill
Idaho, Vote of 360
Ido, Rules of 82
Illinois Appropriations 463
Illinois Assessments 470
Illinois Athletic Club 664
Illinois Congressional Dist's.. 454
Illinois Counties. Facts About 447
Illinois County Officer* 467
Illinois County Population.... 446
Illinois Electoral Districts... 452
Illinois, Government of 453
Illinois, Governors of 453
Illinois Legislation 46
Illinois Manufactures 466
Illinois Measures 180
Illinois Mineral Output 463
Illinois Officials 459
Illinois Political Committees. 207
Illinois Primary Law 47
Illinois Senatorial Dists...455, 456
Illinois State Associations.... 470
Illinois Tax Commission 456
Illinois, Vote of 360
Illiterate Minors in Chicago. 586
Immigration Commission 78
Immigration Law Amended.. 44
Immigration Law, U. S 78
Immigration Statistics 216
Import Duties 60
Imports by Continents 98
Imports by Countries 99
Imports by Groups 98
Imports, Chicago 524
Imports of Merchandise 95
Imports Per Capita 162
Imports, Value by Years 100
' Improvements, Board of Local 485
Income-Tax Amendment 328
Income-Tax Resolution, 111... 52
Independence Platform 110
Independence Boulevard 499
Independence Square 500
Ind. Order Free Sons of Israel 204
Index to Prior Issues Almanac 626
India 121
India Rubber, Tvade in 147
Indian Affairs, Office of 256
Indiana, Vote of 362
Indians in United States 436
Indian Reservations 436
Indian Rights Association 556
Industrial Club 5b4
Industrial Insurance 165
Industrial Peace Foundation.. 72
Industries, Leading 163
Infusorial Earth Produced 177
Inheritance Tax Laws 119
Page.
Initiative and Ref. Vote 403
Insane in Foreign Lands 445
Insane Population 445
Insurance, Industrial 165
Insurance, Social, Internat'l.. 556
Insurance Statistics 283
Intercollegiate Championships 217
Interior Department 256
Interior, Secretaries of 113
Internal Revenue, Chicago.... 544
Internal Revenue Per Capita. 162
Internal Revenue Receipts 171
Internal Revenue Taxes 172
International Commissions 132
International Language 82
Interest Tables 182
Interstate-Commerce Com. 256, 440
Interstate Law Amendments.. 34
Interstate Law, Message on.. 33
Interurban Lines, Chicago. 340, 341
Iowa, Vote of 364
Irish Choral Society 495
Irish League of America 556
Irish Music Club 495
Iron, Pig, Produced 177
Iroquois Club 554
Irrigated Areas of U. S 251
Irrigation, Bonds for 43
Irving Park 500
Italy 124
Italy, Earthquakes in 86, 134
Jackson Boulevard 499
Jackson Park 497
Japan 126
Japan Annexes Korea 129
Japanese-Russian Agreement... 52
Japanese-Russian War 68
Jefferson Park 499, 500
Jeffries-Johnson Fight 232
Jewel Cave Monument 88
Jewish Calendar 14
Judge, County, Vote for 400
Judge, Probate, Vote for 400
Judiciary, Federal 257
Judges, Municipal Court, Vote 401
Junger Maennerchor 495
Junior Order U. A. Mechanics 204
Jury Commission 474
Justice, Department of 256
Jute Production 149
Juvenile Court 476
Juvenile Court Statistics 477
Juvenile Delinquents 136
Kansas, Vote of 366
Kedzie Park 500
Kentucky Derby 227
Kentucky, Vote of 367
Kenwood Club 554
Kenwood Country Club 564
Khiva 126
King's Daughters and Sons... 193
Kings, Pay of 324
Kingston Earthquake 86
Kinzie Pi.rkway 500
K.1ellander, J., Portrait 482
Kilo Club 554
Knights and Ladies of Honor 205
Knights of Honor 204
Knights of Pythias 203
Knights Templars 202
Knox, P. C., Portrait 252
Kongo 127
Koraleski, F. W. Portrait 473
Korea 126
Korea. Annexation of 129
Kosciuszko Triangle 600
Page.
Labor Commissioners, Illinois. 460
Labor Department 255
Labor Office, International 556
Labor Organizations, Chicago. 197
Labor Organizations in U. S.. 195
Labor, Secretaries of 113
Labor Union Pensions 165
Ladies of the G. A. R 210
Lake Shore Playground 497
Lake Trade, Chicago 524
Lakes, Areas of 86
Lakes, Distances Seen On.... 88
Lakes, Military Dept. of 279
Lakes-to-Gulf Association 313
Lakes-to-Gulf Waterway Plan 313
Lakewood Point 500
Land Office, General 256
Lands, Public 341
Language, International 82
Languages Spoken 52
Lassen Peak Monument 88
Latitude of Chicago 491
Law and Order Leagues 608
Law Examiners, Illinois 469
Law Institute Library 610
Laws, New Illinois 46
Laws, Uniform, Commission.. 462
Lead Produced 177
Learned Societies, Chicago 568
Ijearned Societies of America. 200
Legal Holidays in U. S 91
Legations, Foreign, in U. S... 273
Legislation, Illinois 46
Legislative Voters' League 634
Legislatures of States 328
Legislature, Illinois, Members 448
Legislature, Vote On 449
Length of City 491
Lewis and Clark Cavern 88
Lewis Institute Library 510
Liability Act, Employers' 44
Liberia 127
Liberian Commission Report.. 328
Library Association, Am 568
Library Association, State... 470
Library Club, Chicago 568
Library Extension Commission 462
Library, Historical, Illinois.. 459
Library of Congress 264
Libraries, Chicago 609
License Rates, Chicago 513
License Receipts, Chicago 494
License Receipts of Cities 321
Life Insurance 283
Life-Saving Service, U. S 289
Lighting, Street, in Chicago.. 492
Lighthouse Establishment, U.S. 90
Lighthouses, Bureau of 45
Lights, Harbor, Chicago 548
Lights, Number in Chicago... 491
Lily Gardens 600
Limitations. Statute of 183
Lincoln Club 554
Lincoln Homestead Trustees.. 463
Lincoln Park 497
Lincoln Park, Map of 496
Liquors Consumed in U. S 174
Liquors Consumed Per Capita 162
Liquors Produced in U. S.... 174
Literary Club, Chicago 568
Live Stock Commissioners, 111. 460
Live Stock of the World 144
Live Stock Statistics 547
Living, High Cost of 63
Loan Associations 120
Lockouts. Statistics of ... 336
LodgingHouse, Mun., Statistics 512
Longitude of Chicago 491
Lorlmer Investigation 404
Louisiana, Vote of 368
Loyal Legion, Order of 212
LTimber Industry 342
Luther League of Chicago 558
Lutheran Woman's League 55S
Lutheran Denomination 193
Lutheran Ministers' Ass'n 558
Lynchiogs in U. S 289
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR. 1911.
M
Page.
Maccabees, Knights of 205
MacVeagb, Franklin, Portrait 252
MagerstaUt, E. J.. Portrait.. 482
Mall Time from Chicago 666
Mall Time frcm New York... 568
Mail Statistics, Chicago 566
Mall, U. 8., Statistics 330
Maine, liaising the 45
Maine, Vote of 369
Manchurian Neutralization 327
Manganese Ore Produced 177
Manufactures, Chicago 650
Manufactures, Illinois 466
Manufactures In Cities 164
Manufactures in U. S 163
Map, Bureau of... 485
Marathon Racing 225
Marine Corps Pay Table 293
Marine Disasters in 1910 343
Marine Corps, U. S 288
Marine Insurance 283
Mark White Square 498
Marls Produced 177
Marquette Club 554
Marquette Park 497
Marriage Laws 133
Marriage Statistics 133
Marshall Boulevard 499
Marshals, U. S 260
Maryland, Vote of 369
Masonic Grand Lodges 202
Masons, Royal Arch 202
Masters in Chancery 476
Massachusetts, Vote of 369
Mathematical Society, Am 200
Mayoralty Elections, Chicago. 53S
Mayors' Association, Illinois.. 470
Mayor's Office 483
Mayors of Chicago 538
Mayors of Large Cities 339
McCullough, J. S., Portrait... 458
McGovern, F. E., Sketch 334
McKinlsy Park 497
Measures and Weights 180
Meat Trust, SuUs Against.... 345
Mechanical Engineers, Am. Soc. 201
Medical Association, Am 200
Medical Association, State 470
Medical Colleges in U. S 300
Medicine, American Academy 200
Medico-Psychological Ass'n... 200
Men of the Year 333
Mendelssohn Club 495
Merchandise. Imports of 95
Merchandise, Exports of 96
Merchant Marine, U. S 93
Merrick Park 500
Mesa Verde Park 87
Message, President's 409
Mess Pork Prices, Chicago 532
Methodist Church ? 190
Methodist Social Union 558
Metric System 180
Mexican War Survivors 326
Mex Ico 127
Mexico, Disturbances In , .. 491
Meyer, G. Von L., Portrait.. 252
Mica Produced 177
Michigan .Avenue Boulevard.. 498
Michigan, Vote of 370
Microscopical Society, Am 200
Mid-Day Club 554
Midway Plaisance 497
Miles, Length in Feet of 313
Military Academy, II. S 57
Military Dept. of Lakes 279
Militia, Illinois 457
Militia in States 281
Militia. "Naval 281
Miller. A. W., Portrait 473
Mine Disasters in 1910 344
Mine Rescue Stations 46
Mineral Paints Produced 177
Mineral Products of IT. S 177
Mineral Waters Produced 177
Minerals in Illinois 463
Page.
Miners Killed in U. S 140
Mines, Bureau of, U. S 45, 256
Mining Engineers, Am. lust.. 200
Mining Inspectors, State 460
Mining Investigation Cornmis'n 462
Ministers, American 270
Ministers to U. S 273
Minnesota, Vote of 371
Mississippi, Vote of 373
Missouri, Vote of 374
Mitchell, E. E., Portrait 4o8
Mohammedan Calendar 14
Monazite Produced 177
Money and Finance 151
Money (Coins) of the U. S 178
Money, Foreign, Value 179
Money of the World 153
Money Order Rates 117
Money Per Capita 161
Monetary Commission 57
Monroe Doctrine, The 66
Montana, Vote of 375
Montenegro 124
Montezuma Castle 88
Montrose Point 500
Monuments in Chicago 536
Morocco 127
Mortality of Wage Earners.. 140
Mortality Statistics 1 , Chicago. 514
Mortality Statistics, U. S.... 138
Mothers' Congress 556
Mothers' Congress, Illinois... 470
Motor Cycling 237
Motor Races 235
Mountains, Highest 282
Mount Rainier Park 87
Mount Olympus Reserve 88
Muir Woods Reserve 88
Mukuntuweap Reserve " 88
Alullaney, B. J., Portrait 482
Municipal Art League 501
Municipal Court 477
Municipal Court Judges, Vote 401
Municipal Voters' League b34
Municipalities, Am. League... 556
Murphy, J. B., Sketch 334
Museums, Art, Leading 76
Musical Clubs, Chicago 195
Myrtle Grove DOO
Mystic Shrine, Order of 202
Mystic Workers of World 205
N '
Nagel. Charles, Portrait 252
Natiorml Banks 155
National Conventions 107
National Fraternal Congress. 205
National Guard, Illinois 457
National Parks in U. S 87
National Union 203
Nativity of Minors. Chicago.. 582
Natural Bridges Reserve 88
Natural Gas Produced 177
Naturalists. Am. Society of.. 201
Naturalization Laws 104
Nature Study Society, Am 200
Na va jo Reserve 88
Naval Architects, Society of. 201
Naval Expenditures of Powers 283
Naval Officers 284
Naval Officers, Retired 283
Naval Reserve, Illinois 457
Navies Compared 283
Navies of World 282
Navy and Naval Militia 281
Navy Department 254
Navy, Increase of 45
Navy of United States 281
Navy League of United States 213
Navy Pay Table 293
Navy, Secretaries of 113
Navy. Ships of 290
Nebraska. Vote of 375
Necrology of 1910 346
Negroes in United States 436
Page.
Netherlands 126
Nevada, Vote of 376
Newark Fire Horror 345
New Hampshire, Vote of 377
Newberry Library 509
New Jersey, Vote of 377
New Mexico, Admission of 42
New Mexico, Vote of 377
Newspaper Club, Chicago 554
Newspapers of United States. 201
New York Barge Canal 94
New York, Pop. by Boroughs. 440
New York, Vote of 378
Nicaragua J28
Nicaragua, Revolutions in.... 131
Nicknames, State 179
Nightingale, Florence, Death of 76
Nike Club 554
Nobel Prize Winners 294
Normal Schools, Illinois 459
Normal University, Illinois... 459
North Carolina, Vote of 380
North Dakota, Vote of 381
Northwestern Game Laws 169
Northwestern Univ. Library.. 510
Norton, C. D., Sketch 334
Norwegian Singing Society 495
Noted Dead 73
Numerals, Arabic and Roman. 62
Numbering System, House. 526, 527
Numismatic Society, American 200
Nurseries in United States... 137
Nurses, Examiners of 462
Oakland Park 500
Oakley Boulevard 499
Oak Park 500
Oak Park Club 654
Oaks Club 554
Oat Crop by Years 143
Oat Crop by States 145
Oat Crop of World 149
Oats, Prices of, Chicago 530
Obituary List 346
Oceans, Areas of 86
Oceans, Average Depth 105
Occupat'nal Diseases. Com. .111. 462
Occupational Dis., Com., Int'l 556
Occupations in United States. 332
Occurrences During Printing. 268
O'Connell, W. L.. Portrait... 473
Odd Fellows, Order of 203
Officials, Chicago 483'
Officials, Cook County 474
Officials, Government 253
Officials, Gov't, In Chicago 503
Officials, Illinois 459
Officials, Terms of 106
Officers of Navy 284
Officers of the Army 275
Officers, Retired Army 277
Officers, Retired Naval 288
Ogden Arrow 500
Ogden Park 498
Oslesby, J. G., Portrait 458
Ohio. Vote of 381
Oil Cake, International Trade 146
Oil Inspector's Office 487
Oilstones Produced 177
Oklahoma, Vote of 383
Old-Age Pensions 165
Old Chicagoans 618
Old Residents, Chicago 588
Olson, Harry. Portrait 482
Ophthalmological Soc'y, Am.. 200
Orchestral Association 495
Orders for Chicagoans 552
Oregon Cave Reserve 88
Oregon, Vote of 384
Oriental Society. American... 200
Oriflclal Surgeons, Ass'n 200
Orphanages in United States. 137
Orthopedic Association, Am... 200
Osborn, C. S., Sketch 334
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Page.
Outer Belt Park System, Map 602
Owens, J. E., Portrait 473
Oxford-Cambridge Races 243
Pacing Records 230
Pacing Records, One M.lle 230
Packers, Proceedings Against. 345
Packing in Chicago 634
Packing, Pork, Statistics 137
Palace of Peace 66
Palmer Park 498
Panama Canal 63
Panama Canal Suits 319
Panama Canal Zone 116
Panama Railroad 65
Panama Republic 128
Pan-American Union 179
Paraguay 128
Parcels Post Exchanges 118
Pardons. State Board of 461
Paris, Flood In 92
Park Commission, State 462
Parks, Chicago 497
Parks in Cities 824
Parks, National. In U. S 87
Parks, Small, Chicago 600
Parole Law Invalid 470
Party Lines in Congress 114
Party Pluralities 105
Passenger Statistics, Railway 337
Passport Regulations 150
Patent Office 256
Patent Office Statistics 81
Patents, Applications for 81
Patriotic Order Sons of Am... 204
Patriotic Societies 208
Patterson Park 500
Paupers in United States 445
Pavements of Chicago 526
Paymaster's Bureau 484
Peace Commission, Universal. 44
Peace, Industrial, Foundation. 72
Peace Movements, Survey of.. 66
Peace Palace 66
Peace Union, Universal 656
Peary, Robert E., Honored... 175
I edestrianism 225
Pediatric Society, American.. 200
Penitentiaries In U. S 137
Penitentiary Com'rs, Illinois. 461
Pennsylvania, Vote of 384
Pension Office 256
PerMon Statistics, D. S 325
Pensions. Old-Age 1C5
Pensions Per Capita 161
People's Platform 108
Per Capita Statistics, U. S... 161
Percy, L., Sketch 335
Pere Marquette Car Fer. Wrk. 345
Persia 127
Peru 128
Petrified Forest Reserve 88
Petroleum, Crude, Produced... 130
Petroleum Produced 177
Pharmacy, State Board of.... 461
Philatelic Society. Chicago... 668
Philippine Islands 115
Philippine War, Chronology... 68
Philippine War, Losses in.... 32
Philippine War, Troops in 66
Philippines, Army of 213
Philosophical Society, Am 200
Philological Society, American 200
Phosphate Rock Produced 177
Physical Society. American... 200
Physician. County 475
Physicians, Am. Ass'n of 201
Pickwick Country Club 654
Pig Iron Production 177
Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy 311
Pinnacles Reserve 88
Pioneers, Chicago 688
Pioneers, Deaths of 694
Page.
Pioneers, Societies of 654
Pistol Shooting 244
Planetary Conjunctions 26
Planets, Facts About 25
Planets, Movements of 23
Planets, The, in 1911 22
Planets, Visibility of 25
Platforms, Party 108
Platinum Produced 177
Platt National Park 87
Playgoers' Club 654
Playground Ass'n of America. >6
Playgrounds, Chicago 500, 501
Plumbers, Board of Examin'g 485
Points of Interest, Chicago t>36
Police Chiefs, Chicago 640
Police Department 486
Police Department, Work of.. 560
Police of Cities 322
Police Stations 560
Policemen in Chicago 491
Polish Frederick Chopin Club. 495
Political Associations, Chicago 634
Political Committees 295
Political Equality League 634
Polo 251
Pool 250
Population by Ages 433
Population by Color 433
Population by Conjugal Cond'n 437
Population by Literacy 433
Population by Sex 433
Population, Center of 431
Population, Density of 436-
Population, 111., by Counties. 146
Population of American Cities 438
Population of Chicago 491
Population of United States.. 430
Population of World 437
Population. Urban 437
Population, U. S., Foreign 433
Population, U. S., Growth of. 432
Pork, Mess, Prices in Chicago 532
Pork Packing, Chicago 634
Pork-Packing Statistics 137
Porto Rico Population 430
Porto Rico 116
Portugal 124
Portugal, Revolution in.. 131
Postage Rates 117
Postal Savings Bank Law 40-
Postal Savings Banks, Foreign 155
Postal Stations. Chicago 664
Postal Statistics, Chicago 666
Postal Statistics, U. S 330
Postmasters' Ass'n, Illinois.. 470
Postmasters-Generai 113
Postmasters of Large Cities.. 331
Postoffice. Chicago 664
Postoffice Clerks' Ass'n, 111.. -170
Postofflce Department 255
Postofflces of World 120
Possessions, Noncontiguous.... 115
Potato Crop by Years 143
Potter, F. W., Portrait 458
Powell, I. N., Portrait 2
Power- Boat Racing 237
Precious Stones in U. S 177
Presbyterian Brotherhood 658
Presbyterian Church 190
Presbyterian Ministerial Ass'n 558
Presbyterian Social Union 658
Preserves. Game, National 173
Presidential Election 1912 106
Presidential Succession 114
Presidential Vote 105
Presidential Vote, 1908 354
Presidential Vote, Illinois..... 466
Presidents, Burial Places 313
Presidents of United States.. 112
President's Message 409
Presidents, Salaries of 157
Presidents, University 301
Press Association, Illinois 470
Press Club 554
Press, The Associated 201
Prices of Stocks 352
Prices, Relative 58
Prices, Wholesale 66
Page.
Primaries, Chicago Spring 404
Primary Election Laws, 111... 463
Primary Law, Illinois 47
Principals of Chicago Schools. 504
Printing Office, Government.. 256
Prison Association, National.. 656
Prison Commission 132
Prisoners in United States.... 135
Prisons, State 137
Probate Court 476
Progress of Chicago 572
Progress of United States 150
Prohibition County Committee 299
Prohibition Nat'l Committee.. 296
Prohibition Platform 109
Prohibition State Committee.. 298
Property in U. S., Value 214
Propositions, Vote on 403
Protective Associations 08
Public Administrator 475
Public Debt Statement 168
Public Domain, The 341
Public Efficiency Committee.. 632
Public Health Ass'n, Am 200
Public Library 609
Public Works Department 485
Pugilism 232
Pullman Park 500
Pullman Public Library 610
Pulse at Different Ages 264
Purcell, W. E., SketcB 335
Pyrlte Produced 177
Q
Juadrangle Club 654
Qualifications for Suffrage 102
Juicksllver Produced 177
Racing, Horse 227
Rackets 251
Railroad Accident Law 44
Railroad Accident Statistics.. 339
Railroad Commissioners, 111... 461
Railroad Loan, Chinese 327
Railroad Passenger Stations.. 642
Railroad Pension Systems 165
Railroad-Rate Law. 34
Railroad Statistics 337
Railroad, Street, Statistics... 518
Railroad Track Elevation 608
Railroad Wrecks in 1910 844
Railroads by Countries 120
Railroads, Electric 340
Railroads, World's 59
Railway Gardens 600
Rainbow Bridge Reserve 88
Raymer, W. J., Portrait 482
Ready-Reference Calendar 21
Real-Estate Transfers, Chicago 612
Receipts at Stockyards 547
Receipts, Chicago 493
Receipts, Government 161
Receipts, Illinois 481
Receipts, Shipments, Chicago. 644
Reclamation Service 256
Recorder, Cook County 474
Red Cross Society 656
Referendum League 634
Reform Bureau, International. 656
Reformatory, State 461
Registrar of Titles 474
Registration, Chicago 672
Regular Army and Militia 281
Relay Races, Franklin Field. 220
Relief, International Com. on. 65ff
Religions of the World 19
Religious Bodies, Census of.. 187
Religious Education Ass'n 194
Religious Societies, Chicago... 658
Religious Statistics 185
Representatives, Apportion m't 269
10
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAK-BOOK FOB 1911.
Page.
Representatives, Illinois 448
Representatives, 111., Vote on 449
Republican County Committee 298
Republican Nat'l Committee.. 295
Republican Platform 110
Republican State Committee.. 297
Reserves, Bird 173
Reserves, Forest. 310
Reserves, National 88
Retired List, Army 277
Retired List, Naval 288
Revenue, U. S. Government.. 161
Revenues, National 160
Review, Board of 474
Revolution in Portugal 131
Revolutions in Nicaragua 131
Revolver Shooting 244
Rhode Island, Vote of 385
Rice Crop of World 147
Rice Production by States.... 147
Rice Triangle BOO
Rifle Shooting ;... 243
Rivers, Longest 105
Roads, Good, Movement 515
Rock Creek Park 87
Roller Skating 251
Roman and Greek Gods 65
Roman Catholic Bishops 188
Roman -Numerals 62
Rome Exposition Commission. 132
Roosevelt's African Trip 75
Roque 251
Rose, James A., Portrait 458
Rosin, International Trade 147
Rotary Club 554
Roumanla 125
Rowing 241
Fowing Records 243
Royal and Select Masters 203
Royal Arcanum 203
Roval League 205
Rules. House, Contest Over... 33
Running Records, Best 228
Russell Square 498
Russia 125
Russia, Cholera In 131
Pusslan Calendar 14
Russo-Japnnese Agreement.... 52
Russo-Japanese War 68
Rutherford Park 500
Rve Crop by Years 143
Ryo Crop of World 149
Ryerson Library 510
Saddle nnrt Cycle Clnb 5B4
Safety Appliance Act 45
Sage Foundation 72
St. Ignatius College Library.. 510
St. Jonn River Commission... 132
Salaries City Officials 488
Salaries Cook County Officials 478
Salaries of Presidents 157
Salaries of Teachers 507
Saloons, Campaign Against... b20
Saloons in Chicago 495
Salt Produced 177
Salvador 128
Salvation Army 194
Sanders, J. Y., Sketch 335
San Francisco Earthquake 86
Sarltary District 526
Sanit'y Trustees, Vote lor.401, 403
Santo Domingo 129
fault Ste. Marie Canal Traffic 17
Savings Banks, Foreign Postal 155
Savings Banks In TT. S 156
Savings Banks of World 156
Savings Deposits in Nat. Uks. 157
Savings Banks, Postal. Law.. 40
Savings Banks Statistics 157
Sayre Park BOO
Schoonhofen Place 500
Schmidt. W. E.. Portrait 473
School Census, Chicago 678
Page.
School Exp'dltures Per Capita 162
School Statistics, Chicago 508
Fchool Statistics, U. S 405
Schools, Chicago 604
Schools, Sunday, In U. S 188
Science, Am.Ass'n forAdvan't 200
Sciences, National Academy of 201
Scott Antarctic Expedition 175
Sculling . 243
Seaports, Distances to 184
Seaports, Principal 88
Seas, Average Depth K-5
Seasons, The 13
Secretaries of State 112
Select Knights of America... 204
Senatorial Dists., Cook Co... 471
Senatorial Dlsts., Illinois.. 455, 45C
Senators, Illinois 448
Senators, Illinois, Vote on 449
Senators In 61st Congress 261
Senators In 62d Congress 265
Senators, D. S., Illinois 465
Sequoia Park 87
Servia 125
Settlements, Social, Chicago.. 596
Seward Park 497
Sewers, Bureau of 485
Sewers, Mileage of 491
Sex, Population by 433
Shedd's Park 499
Sbeep In United States 149
Sheriff's Office 475
f'herlff. Vote for 294
Sherman Antitrust Law 70
Sherman, J. S., Portrait 252
Sherman, L. Y., Portrait 458
Pherman Park 497
Ship Canals, Great 94
Shipments, Chicago 644
Shipping, Disasters to 93
Shipping, World's 342
Shipping, United States 93
Ships of United States Navy. 290
C-hips, World's 69
Shipwrecks In 1910 343
Shiloh Park 87
Shingles, Production of 342
Shooting 243
Shorthand Speed Records 225
Shoshone Cavern Reserve 88
Slam 127
Sicilian Earthquake 86
Siderial Noon 28
Sidewalks, Mileage of *91
Silk, Raw. Production 147
Silver Bullion, Value of 154
Silver Coinage of World 153
Silver, Commercial Ratio 154
Silver Imports and Exports... 98
Silver, Price of Bar 152
Silver Production by States... 152
Silver Production by Years... 151
Silver Production, World's.... 151
Silver Stock In United States 152
Single Tax Club 534
Sitka Reserve 88
Sixtv-First Congress, Members 61
Sixty-Second Congress, Mem.. 1^5
Skat 249
Skating 248
Ski Jumping 261
Smithsonian Institution 62
Smoke Inspection Department. 486
Smyth, T. A., Portrait 473
Soapstone Produced 177
Social Justice League 656
Social Science, Am. Academy 200
Social Science Ass'n, Am 200
Social Settlements, Chicago... 696
Socialist County Committee.. 300
Soc. -Labor Party. Com.. Nat'l 297
Socialist- Labor Platform 108
Socialist National Committee. 297
Socialist Platform 108
Socialist State Committee.... 298
Societies, Learned 200
Societies, Learned, Chicago... 568
Societies, National 656
Societies, Patriotic 208
Page.
Society of the Cincinnati 211
Society of War of 1812 12
Soldiers in U. S. Wars 66
Sons of American Revolution. 212
Sons of Veterans 213
Sons of the Revolution '.. 212
South Africa, Union of 122
South American Republics 127
South Carolina. Vote of 386
South Dakota, Vote of 386
South End Woman's Club 654
South Parks 497
South Shore Country Club.... 654
Southern Club 654
Sovereigns, Pay of an
Spain j25
Spain, Church and State In.. 294
.Spain, Military Plot In 164
Spalding, A. G., Sketch 335
Spanish-American War 68
Spanish- American War, Order 210
Spanish-Am. War, Troops In.. 66
Spanish War, Losses In 32
Spanish- War Veterans 210
Special Park Commission COO
Specific Gravity, Table 181
Speakers of the House 269
Spirits Consumed Per Capita. 162
Spirits Produced In U. S 174
Sporting Records Begin 217
Spring Begins is
Standard Club 554
Standards of Time 30
Stanton Park 497
Stars, Brightest 27
istars, Number of 23
State Boards Ex Offlclo 463
State Department 253
State Flowers 179
State Historical Society 470
State Nicknames.. 179
State Prisons, Location 137
State's Attorneys' Ass'n, 111.. 470
State's Attorney's Office 475
States, Facts About 329
States, Governors of 328
States In Union 73
States, Past Polities of 114
Stations. Elevated Railroad... 642
Stations. Police 660
Stations, Railroad 642
Statistical Association, Am.. 201
Statistics, Bureau of 486
Statues In Chicago 630
Stead, W. H., Portrait 458
Steamship Records, Atlantic.. 329
Steamships, Great Ocean 164
Steel Corporation, U. S 201
t teel. Crude, Production 98
Steward. Le Roy T., Portrait. 482
Stock and Bond Commission.. 39
Stock Record 352
Stockyards Calamity 268
Storms and Floods .344
Street Grades, Chicago 552
Street Lighting, Chicago 492
Street, Longest, In Chicago... 491
Street-Rallway Accounts big
Street-Railway Chronology.... 668
Street-Rallway Engineers 485
Street-Railway Franchises.... 676
Streets, Alleys, Pavements... 626
Streets. Bureau of 485
Strikes, Statistics of 336
Strikes, Sympathetic, Unlawful 332
Structures, Highest 131
Stubbs. W. R., Sketch ,... .535
Students In Universities 301
Suburban Handicap 227
Succession, Presidential 114
Suffrage Association, Illinois. 470
Suffrage, Qualifications for... 102
Sugar Consumed Per Capita.. 162
Sugar Production of U. S 142
Sugar Production of World.... 148
Sully's Hill Park 87
Summer Begins 13
Sun, Eclipses of 29
Sunday Evening Club 55?
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
11
Page.
Sun. School Ass'n, Cook Co.. 558
Sunday School Ass'n, Illinois. 558
Sunday School Union 194
Sunday Schools in U. S 188
Supt. County Institutions 474
Supt. of Schools. Cook Co 474
Superintendent Public Service 474
Supt. Schools, Vote for 400
Superior Court, Cook County. *76
Superior Judges, Vote for 399
Supplies, Department of 486
Supreme Court, Illinois 459
Supreme Court, United States <!57
Surgical Association, American 201
Surgical Inst. for Children.... 462
Surveyor, County 475
Svlthlod Singing Club 495
Swanson, C. A., Sketch 335
Sweden 125
Swedenborgian Church 193
Swedish Club of Chicago 654
Swedish Glee Club 495
Sweitzer, B. M., Portrait 473
Swimming 247
Switzerland 125
Taft. W. H.. Portrait 252
Talc Produced 177
Target Shooting 245
Tariff and Living Cost 54
Tariff Commission, D. S 62
Tariff Laws, Synopsis 62
Tax Commission, Illinois 456
Tax Rate, Cook County 522
Tax Reform Ass'n, Illinois... 570
Taxes, Internal Revenue 172
Taxlcab Fares, Chicago 470
Tea Consumed in U. S 174
Tea Consumed Per Capita.... 162
Teachers' Association, State.. 470
Teachers In Chicago 586
Teachers, Salaries of 507
Teachers, Societies of 610
Telegraph, Interstate, Law.... 37
Telegraph Statistics, U. S.... 282
Telegraphs, World's 59
Telephone, Interstate, Law... 37
Telephone Ordinance and Rates 516
Telephone Statistics 160
Tener, J. K., Sketch JJ5
Tennessee, Vote of 387
Tennis 210
Terms of Officials 106
Terrell, J. M., Sketch 335
Territorial Growth, D. S 106
Territories In Union 78
Teutonla Maennerchor 495
Texas, Vote of 387
Textile Fibers, Production.... 149
Theater Fires. List of 173
Theaters, Chicago 520
Thermometers Compared 181
Time, Eras of 13
Time, Foreign Standards 31
Time, Standard, Man 31
Time, Standard, Table 30
Time Standards 30
Tire Widths, Chicago 668
Tobacco Crop by States 148
Tobacco Crop by Years 144
Tobacco Crop of World 148
Tobin, E. J.. Portrait 473
Tokyo Fair Commission 132
Tolstoy, Death of 342
Tonnage In Foreign Trade 98
Tonnage, Vessel, Chicago 624
Ton to Reserve 88
Town and Country Clubs 654
Track-Elevation Department.. 485
Tract Society, American 193
Tract Society, Chicago 558
Traction. Board of, Engineers 485
Trade. Board of 658
Travelers, Free List for 77
Page.
Treasurer, City 484
Treasurer, County 474
Treasurer, County, Vote 398
Treas., State, Vote In Cook Co. 398
Treasurers, City, Since 1837... 652
Treasury Department 53
Tribe of Ben Hur 204
Troops In United States Wars 66
Trotting Records, Best 229
Trotting Records, One Mile... 230
TschaJkovsky, N., Acquitted.. 481
Tuberculosis, Deaths from 139
Tuberculosis Institute, Chi... 608
'.' umacacorl Reserve 88
Tunis 127
Tunnels Under River 503
Tunnels, Water 492
Turin, Exposition Commission :02
Turkey 126
Turpentine, Internat'l Trade. 146
Tutuila, Island of 116
Twain, Mark, Death of 170
Twentlefh Century Glut 554
Union C'nb ...................... 654
Union League Club ........... .664
Union of South Africa ........ 122
Union Park .................... 499
Union Printers' Club .......... 664
Union. States In ............... 78
Union Stock Yards Statistics. 647
Union Veteran Legion ........ 210
Unitarian Church ............... 192
Unitarian Sunday School Soc. 658
United Christian Platform.... 108
United Confederate Veterans.. 210
United Societies, Chicago ..... 634
United Soc. of Chr. Endeav. 194
United States, Area of ........ 324
United States Constitution... MO
United States, Population of. 430
United States, Progress of... ItO
United States Steel Corpor'n. 201
United Workmen, An. Order.. 204
Universal Club ................. 664
Universal Peace Commission.. 44
Universities, American ........ SOl-
Universitles, German .......... 305
University Club ................ 654
University of Chicago Library 510
University Trustees, Illinois . 439
Upham, F. W., Portrait ....... 473
Urban Population .............. 437
Uruguay ....................... 128
h,
Utah, Vote of
389
Valuation. Chicago 622
Valuation, Cook Connty 622
Valuation, Illinois 470
Valparaiso Earthquake 86
Venezuela 128
Vermont. Vote of 390
Vernon Park 499
Vessels Built in United States 93
Veterinarian, State 461
Vice Commission 608
Vicksburg Monument Com 462
Vicksburg Park 87
Virginia. Vote of 390
Visibility on Lakes 88
Volunteers of America 194
Vote, Electoral, of States 90
Vote for Illinois Governors.... 464
Vote for Sheriffs, Cook Co.... 464
Vote for State Treasurers 464
Vote for State's Attorneys 464
Vote of States 354
Vote on Annexation 404
Vote, Popular, Illinois 464
Vote. Presidential 105
Page.
Vote, Presidential, 1908 334
Vote, Presidential, Illinois... 465
Voting Machine Comrniss'ners 461
Voting Qualifications 102
Voyages, Fastest Acr. Atlantic 329
W
Wage Earners, Mortality of.. 140
Wages, Tables of 183
Walsh, F. J., Portrait 473
Wanda Singing Society 495
War Department 253
Ward, Boundaries, Chicago... 548
Wards and Aldermen, Chicago 524
Warehouse Commissioners. 111. 461
Wars, Chronology of Recent.. 68
Wars, Survivors of 328
Wars, U. S., Troops In 66
Washington Boulevard 499
Washington Park 497
Washington Square 500
Water Bureau 485
Waterfalls, Famous 132
Waterways Com., Internat'l.. 132
Waterways Commiss'n Report 312
Waterworks System, Chicago. 492
Wayman, J. E. W., Portrait. 473
Waupanseh Club 554
Weather, Chicago 532
Weather Forecasts & Signals 176
Weather, Hot. in 1910 84
Weather. United States 327
Weber, W. H., Portrait 473
Webb, T. J., Portrait 473
Wedding Anniversaries 213
Weights and Measures 180
Weights and Measures, Dept. . 487
Weights, Bushel 181
Weights of Adults 132
Weights of Children 201
Welles Park 497
Wellman's Flight in Dirigible 318
West Chicago Parks 498
West End Woman's Club 554
West Point Academy 57
West, Roy O., Portrait 473
Western Avenue Boulevard... 498
Western Society of Engineers 568
West'n Soc. of Engineers Lib. 510
Weston's Great Walk 225
West Virginia, Vote of 392
Wheat Consumed Per Capita.. 162
Wheat Crop by States 145
Wheat Crop by Years 143
Wheat Crop of World 141
Wheat Harvest Calendar 141
Wheat, International Trade... 14
Wheat, Prices of, Chicago.... 630
Wheeler Reserve 88
Whist 249
White House Expenses 213
White-Slave Traffic Act 44
Whitman, J. L., Portrait 482
Wholesale Prices 56
Wicker Park 499
Wickersham, G. W., Portrait. 252
Width of City 491
Wilson, James, Portrait 253
Wilson, W. H., Portrait 481
Wilson, W., Sketch 335
Wind Barometer for Lakes 176
Wind Cave Park 87
Wines Consumed In U. S 174
Winter Begins 13
Wireless on Ships 45
Wisconsin, Vote of 392
Wolf, Adam, Portrait 473
Woman's Aid Club 654
Woman's Athletic Club 654
Woman's City Club 554
Woman's Club, Chicago 554
Woman's Suffrage Association 556
Women, National Council of.. 556
Women's Suffrage 10}
Woman's Chr. Temp. Union... 656
Woman's Chr. Temp. Un., 111. 470
12
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Page.
Woman's Cbr. Temp. Un., 111. 470
Women's Clubs, Federation... 556
Women's Clubs. Fed. of 111.. 470
Women's Relief Corps 209
Women's Trade Union League 476
Women's Trade Union, Nat'l. 522
Wood Pulp, Internat'l Trade. 147
Woodland Park BOO
Woodlawn Park Club 554
Woodlawn Woman's Club 554
Woodmen, Mod., of America.. 203
Woodmen of the World 204
Wool Consumed Per Capita... 162
Wool In United States 149
Wool, International Trade.... 147
World, Population of 437
Page.
Wrecks, Railroad, In 1910 344
Wrestling 232
Wyoming. Vote of 394
Yachting 233
Yale-Harvard Races 242
Yellowstone Park 87
Yosemlte Park 87
Young Fortnightly Club 554
Young, L., Sketch 335
Y. M. O. A., Chicago 558
Page.
Y. M. C. A., Chicago, Gifts to 331
Y. M. C. A., United States... 194
Young People's Chr. Union... 193
Zimmer, M., Portrait 473
Zinc Produced 177
Zionist Congress 74
Zodiac, Signs of the 28
Zoological Gardens 173
Zoological Park, Washington.. 87
INDEX TO ADVERTISERS.
American Steel & Wire Co... 563
Arnold Company, The 559
Babcock, Rushton & Co 525
Baker, Alfred L.. & Co 523
Bartell Bros 581
Blatchford, E. W., & Co 593
Burr, George H., & Co 619
Case, J. I., Threshing Machine
Company 567
Chapln, S. B., & Co 517
Chicago City Railway Co 598
Chicago Portland Cement Co. 571
Chicago Reduction Company.. 595
Chicago Railways Company... 610
Clark, A. O., & Co 566
Corn Exchange National Bank.
Inside Back Cover
Cutler Hammer Mfg. Co 589
Eckhart, B. A., Milling Co... 541
Eckhart, John W., & Co 551
Elgin National Watch Co 528
Elmcs, Charles F., Engineer-
Ing Works 581
Emrath, Louis 579
Ewen, John M., Company 575
Federal Life Insurance Co... 631
Fiduciary Company, The 583
Graham & Sons...., 525
Greenebaum Sons, Bank 515
Hoe, R., & Co 640
Illinois Brick Company 609
Illinois Improvement & Bal-
last Co 453
Illinois Tunnel Co 535
Jackson, George W., Inc 565
Jelke, John F., & Co 545
Jenney, Mundie & Jensen 539
Karpen, S., & Bros 537
Kellogg Switchboard & Sup-
ply Co 587
Lackner & Butz 517
Lamson Bros. & Co 523
Link-Belt Company 671
Marsh & McLennan
Inside Front Cover
Marshall- Jackson Company 585
Meacham & Wright Company. 577
Merchants' Loan & Trust Co.
Outside Back Cover
Monon Route 557
Merrill, George H., Company.
Opposite Title Page
Municipal Engineering & Con-
tracting Co 669
Nelson, H. P., Company 619
Northwestern Terra Cotta Co. 579
Northwestern Trust and Sav-
ings Bank 521
O'Connell, Win. L., Cereal Co. 533
Patterson & Davidson 531
Phillips, Getschow Co 579
Pierce, Richardson & Neiler.. 551
Puhl-Webb Company 561
Rittenhouse & Embree Co 591
Rossiter, Edgar A 619
Samuel Bingham's Son Mfg.
Company 697
Sears, Roebuck &tCo 573
Selig Polyscope Company 620
Shankland. E. C. & R. M.... 537
Thomas Elevator Company.... 609
Townsend, J. J., & Co 521
Union Stock Yards 547
Wagner, E. W., & Go 553
Walker, H. H., & Co 531
Waller Coal Company 581
Western Vaudeville Managers'
Association 649
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK
1911.
Astronomical calculations prepared by Berlin H. Wright, De Land, Fla., and expressed in mean local
time unless otherwise indicated.
THE SEASONS AND SUN'S APPARENT PATH THROUGH THE ZODIAC.
Sun enters. Central standard time.
Sign. Constellation. D. H. M. I>. H. M.
December 22, 11 04 a. m., 1910 Winter begins and lasts 89 42 south of equator.
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September 23,
October 24 r
November 23,
December 22,
D. H.
20.
19,
21,
20,
21,
22.
23,
24.
7 35 a. m., 1911
12 a. m., 1911
11 46 a. m., 1911 Spring begins and lasts 92 19 42 north of equator
11 28 p. m., 1911
8 12 a. m,, 1911
7 28 a. m., 1911 Summer begins and lasts 93 14 42 north of equator.
6 20 p. m., 1911
1 30 a, m., 1911
10 10 p. m.. 1911 Autumn begins and lasts 89 18 35 south of equator.
6 46 a. m., 1911
3 48 a. m., 1911
4 45 p. m., 1911 Winter begins. Tropical year 365 5 41
M. D. H. M,
178 19 17 south of equator.
93
18G
178
42
42
24 north of equator.
7 15 7 longer north of the equator than
south of It, owing to the slower motion of the earth (sun's apparent motion) when at and near aphelion
ERAS OF TIME.
The Gregorian year 1911 corresponds to the following eras.
From July 4 the 130th year of the independence of
tile United States.
The year 8020 of the Greek church beginning Jan. 14.
The year 2571 (nearly) of the Japanese era begin-
ning Jan. 30.
The year 7419-20 of the Byzantine era; year 7420
begins Sept. 1.
The first day of January, 1911, is the 2,419.038th
day since the beginning of the Julian period.
CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES.
Dominical or Sunday letter.. A Solar cycle
Golden number 12 Roman indiction
Epact (moon's age, Jan. 1).. 30 Julian period
EXPLANATORY NOTE The Dominical letter or
letters (two for leap year), or Sunday letters.
Indicate the day of the year on which the first
Sunday occurs, the first seven letters of the al-
phabet being used. Thus, for 1910, the Dominical
letter is B. the second letter of the alphabet, and
hence the second day of the year will De the first
Sunday of the year. In leap years two letters are
used, the first being for January and February,
and the latter, being the preceding letter, an-
swers for the last ten months, in order to main-
tain the cycle. The rule for obtaining the Do-
minical letter for any year is somewhat compli-
cated and for that reason is omitted here. The
Golden Number is that number of a cycle of nine-
teen years which shows how many years have
elapsed since the new moon fell on Jan. 1, for in
nearly nineteen years the solar and lunar years
nearly come together. The chief use of this cycle
is in fixing the date of Easter, and in this same
connection is used the Epact. The Solar Cycle
is the number of years that have elapsed since
the days of the week fell on the same days of
the year, or when there will, therefore, be a recur-
6624
Dionysian period 240
Jewish lunar cycle 9
rence of the Dominical or Sunday Letter. This
would be the case every seven years but for leap
year, hence four times seven is the cycle, or
twenty-eight years. It is the remainder found by
adding nine to the year and dividing the sum by
twenty-eight. The Roman Indiction is a cycle of
fifteen years and is of no utility except to chro-
nologers. It is the remainder found by adding
three to the year and dividing by fifteen. The
Julian Period is a cycle of 7,980 years and is the
product of the three cycles. Golden Number (19),
Solar Cycle (28) and Roman Indiction (15). and
hence shows the time when these cycles will co-
incide, or begin at the same time. The first of
this cycle will be completed in the year 2267; it
Is the year + 4713. The Dionysian Period is a
cycle of 532 years and is called the great Paschal
cycle, being the product of a completed solar and
lunar cycle (28X19). It is the remainder found
by adding 457 to the year and dividing by 532,
and with the Julian Period is chiefly used by
chronologers. The Jewish Lunar Cycle is always
three less than the Golden Number and Is used
by the Jews in fixing the time of their festivals.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
JEWISH OR HEBREW CALENDAR YEAR 6671-72 A. M.
The year 5671 is the 9th of the 299th cycle of 19 years.
Year.
Number.
Name. Day.
Fasts and feasts. Gregorian date.
5671. . . .
4
.Tebet
1...
.. Rosh-Chodesh Saturday-Sunday. Dec. 31, 1910, Jan. 1, 1911
5671....
4
.Tebet
10...
. . .Fast of Tebet Tuesday, January 10, 1911
5671. ..
5
.Sh'vat
1...
. . .Rosh-Cnodesh Monday, January 30, 1911
5671....
6
.A liar
1...
...Rosh-Chodesh Tuesday-Wednesday, Feb. 28, March 1, 1911
5671....
6
.Adar
13...
. . .Fast of Esther Monday, March 13, 1'Jll
5671....
6
. Aclur
..14 and 15...
...Purim Tuesday, Wednesday, March 14-15, lull
5671....
7
.Nissan
1...
. . . Rosh-Chodesh Thursday, March 30. 191 1
5671....
7
.Nissan
15...
. . . First day of Passover Thursday, April 13. lull
5671....
8
.lyar
1...
. . . Rosh-Chodesh Friday. Saturday. April 28, 29, 1911
5671. ..
8
.lyar
18...
. . .Lag B'Omer Tuesday, May 10, lyil
33d day of Omer.
5671....
... 9
.Sivan
1...
. . . Rosh-Chodesh Sunday, May 28, 1911
5671....
u
Sivan ,
6...
. . . First day of Pentecost Friday, June 2. 1U1 1
5671....
10
.Tammuz..
, 1...
. . .Rosh-Chodesh Monday-Tuesday, J une 2t>-27, 1911
5671....
10
.Tammuz ..
17...
...Fast of Tammuz Thursday, July 13. 1911
5671....
11
.Av or Ab ..
1...
,.. Rosh-Chodesh Wednesday. July 2ti, lull
5671....
11
.Avor Ab...
9...
...Fast of Av Thursday. August 3, 1911
5671....
12. ...
.Kllul ,
1. .
. . .Rosh-Chodesh Thursday-Friday. August 24-25. 1911
5672....
1
.Tishri
, 1...
. . .1st day of New Year. . .Saturday, September 23, or at sunset of
September 22. 1911
5672....
1
.Tishri
3...
. . .Fast of Gedaliah Monday, September 25, lull
5672 ...
1
.Tishri
10...
. . . Yom Kippoor Monday , October 2, 1911
5672....
1
.Tishri
, 15...
. . .First Day of Tabernacle Saturday. October 7, 1911
6672....
1
Tishri
21...
. . .Hoshannah-Rabbah Friday, October 13, 1911
5672....
1. ...
.Tishri
22...
. . .Sh'mini-Atseres Saturday , October 14. lull
5672 ...
1
.Tishri
23...
. . .Simchas-Torah Sunday, October 15, 191 1
6672....
2
, .Chesvan...
1...
. . .Rosh-Chodesh Sunday-Monday, October 22-23. 191 1
5672....
3
.Kislev
1...
. . .Rosh-Chodesh Wednesday, Thursday, November 22, 2 >, 1911
6672. . . .
3
.Kislev
25...
. . .First day of Chanukah Saturday, December 16, lull
5672....
4
.Tebet
1...
. . .Rosh-Chodesh Thursday-Friday. December 21-22, lull
5672.. .
4
..Tebet..
10...
. . . Fast of Tebet Sunday, December 31, 191 1
5 672....
5
.Sh'vat
1...
...Rosh-Cbodesh Saturday, Jan. 20, 1912
GREEK CHURCH AND RUSSIAN CALENDAR- A. D. 1911. A. M. 8020.
New
style.
Old
style.
HOLY DAYS.
New
style.
Old
style.
HOI.Y DAYS.
Jan. 11
Jan. 1
Circumcision.
June 4
May 22
Pentecost.
Jan. 19
Feb. 12
Jan. 6
Jan. 30
Tneophany (Epiphany).
Septuagesima Sunday.
July 12
Aug. 14
June 29
Aug. 1
Peter and Paul, Chief Apostles.
First Day of Theotokos.
Feb. 15
Feb. 2
Hypopante (Purification).
Aug. 19
Aug. 6
Transfiguration.
Feb. 19
Feb. 6
Carnival Sunday.
Aug.28
Aug. 15
Repose of Theotokos.
Mch. 1
Feb. 16
Ash Wednesday.
Sept.12
Aug. 30
St. Alexander Nevsky.*
Mch. 5
Feb. 20
First Sunday in Lent.
Sept.21
Sept. 8
Nativity of Theotokos.
April 7
Mch. 25
Annunciation of Theotokos.
Sept.27
Sept. 14
Exaltation of the Cross.
April 9
Mch. 27j Palm Sunday.
Oct. 14
Oct. 1
Patronage of Theotokos.
Apr. 14
April ll Great (Good) Friday.
Nov. 28
Nov. 15
First Day of Nativity.
Apr. 16
April 3
Holy Pasch (Easter).
Dec. 4
Nov. 21
Entrance of Ttieotokos.
May 6
Apr. 23
St. George.
Dec. 2]
Dec. 8
Conception of Theotokos.
May 22
May 9
St. Nicholas.
1911.
May 25
May 12
Ascension.
Jati. 7
Dec. 25
Nativity (Christmas).
May 27
May 14
Coronation of Emperor.'
Jan. 14
Jan. 1
Circumcision.
Peculiar to Russia.
CHINESE CALENDAR YEAR 4608.
1st month begins January 30
3d month begins. March 1
3d month begins March 30
4th month begins April 29
6th month begins June 26
6th month begins July26
7th month begins August 24
8th month begins September 22
9th month begins October 22
10th month begins November 21
llth month begins December 20
12th month begins. ..January 19, 1912
5th month begins May 28
The year 1HI1 corresponds nearly with the Chinese year 4608. or the forty-eighth year of the seventy-sixth
cycle of sixty years; is a leap year, the sixth month being duplicated, and contains 384 days.
MOHAMMEDAN CALENDAR-- YEAR 1329-30.
Year.
132U..
1829
No.
. 1..
. 2.
-MONTH >
Name.
Muharrem
....Saphar
Begins.
January 2. 1'
February 1.
Lasts
Days.
)11. ..30
Year
1329. .
1329..
No.
. 8...
. 9...
MONTH ,
Name.
...Sheban
Ramadan (fasting).
Lasts
Begins. Days.
..July 28 29
..August 26 80
5329. .
1829
. 3..
4
....Rabial
....Rabia II
March 2
April 1
30
. 29
1329..
1329
.10...
11
...Schawall
.September 25 29
. October 24 30
1329
5
... . April 30
30
1329
12
November 23 29
1329.
. 6.
Jombadi 11
May 30
29
i330
1
..December 22 30
1829..
. 7..
....Rajeb..
June 28
30
1330..
. 2...
...Saphar
..January 21, 1912. .29
The year 1329 is the 9th of the 45th cycle of 30 years.
EASTER SUNDAY DATES.
1907 March 31 1 1909 April! I 1911 April 16 I 1913 March 23 I 1915 .April I
1908 April 19 I 1910 March 27 I 1912 April 7 (1914 April 12 I 1916 April 23
The time of the celebration of the principal cnnrch days which depend upon Easter is as follows:
Days. Before Easter.
Septuagesima Sunday 9 weeks
First Sunday In Lent 6 weeks
Ash Wednesday (beginning of Lent) 46 (lays
Palm Sunday 8 day's
Days". After Easter.
Rogation Sunday 5 weeks
Ascension Day (Holj Thursday) 40 days
Pentecost (WMfimnBay) .;-...;. ..-..; .7 weeks
Tfliflty Snnfflyi ....8 weeks
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
15
D First Quar., 8th.
Full Moon. 14th.
MONTH
MONTH-
1 01 1 ii HAVQ 5 Last Quar., 22(1.
f *sr** UAIS. * N Moon, 30th
a
n
|
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111..
St. Paul, N. E.
j
H
<;
Neb.. N.Y.. Pa.,
Va.. Ky., Mo..
Wia. and Mich..
H
w
J
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
fc
PN
DAY
OF
Oi
00
SUN AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111.. Ind.. O.
Ind.. Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
O
M
O
WEEK
55
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
|M
O
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
^
^
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D
H. M. 8.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
1
305
1
SUNDAY . .
f 25
12 3 26
1 1
728
439
527
710
451
540
739
429
514
2
3(54
2
Monday
* 8
12 3 54
152
728
440
631
716
452
642
739
430
620
3
3(53
3
Tuesday
-C 20
12 4 22
242
728
442
739
710
453
748
738
431
730
4
3(52
4
Wednesday
- 3
12 4 50
330
728
443
848
716
453
854
738
432
842
5
3(51
5
Thursday...
- 16
12 5 17
416
728
444
956
716
454
10
738
433
953
6
6
Friday
- 30
12 5 44
5 2
728
445
11 7
716
455
11 8
738
434
11 5
359
7
Saturday. . .
K 13
12 6 11
547
727
446
morn
716
456
morn
738
435
morn
8
8
SUNDAY..
27
12 6 37
635
727
447
14
716
457
12
737
436
16
9
357
9
Monday
11
12 7 2
725
727
448
127
716
458
123
737
437
132
10
350
10
Tuesday....
26
12 7 27
820
727
449
241
716
459
235
737
438
248
11
355
11
Wednesday
10
12 7 51
920
727
449
358
716
5 1
348
737
439
4 9
12
354
12
Thursday . .
25
12 8 15
1023
726
450
516
715
5 2
5 4
730
440
529
13
353
13
Friday
10
12 8 38
1129
720
451
630
715
5 3
616
730
441
644
14
352
14
Saturday. ..
25
12 9
morn
720
452
rises
715
5 4
rises
730
442
rises
15
351
15
SUNDAY ..
9
12 9 22
33
726
454
547
715
5 5
558
730
444
536
16
350
10
Monday....
% 23
12 9 43
132
720
455
7 1
714
5 6
7 9
735
446
652
17
349
17
Tuesday
a 7
12 10 4
226
725
456
814
714
5 7
820
734
447
8 9
18
348
18
Wednesday
ft 20
12 10 23
315
724
458
921
713
5 8
924
734
448
919
19
20
347
341!
19
20
Thursday.. .
Friday
TIP 3
W 16
12 10 42
12 11 1
4 1
443
723
722
459
5
5? II
713
712
5 9
510
1027
1129
733
732
449
450
1026
1133
21
345
21
Saturday...
np 28
12 11 18
525
722
5 1
morn
712
512
morn
731
452
morn
22
344
22
SUNDAY .
- 10
12 11 35
6 6
721
5 2
31
711
513
27
730
454
36
23
23
Monday
* 22
12 11 51
648
720
5 3
135
711
514
128
729
455
141
24
342
24
Tuesday. . . .
m 3
12 12 7
733
720
5 4
238
710
515
229
729
456
247
25
341
25
Wednesday
m 15
12 12 21
820
710
5 5
341
710
516
330
728
457
352
2(i
340
26
Thursday...
m 27
12 12 35
9 9
719
5 6
443
7 9
516
430
727
458
456
27
339
27
Friday
if 9
12 12 48
10 1
718
5 7
542
7 9
528
720
459
556
28
338
28
Saturday. . .
* 22
12 13 1
1053
717
5 8
634
7 8
5 18
620
725
5 1
648
29
337
29
SUNDAY..
* 4
12 13 12
1146
716
6 9
718
7 8
5 19
7 6
724
5 3
731
30
330
30
Monday
5 17
12 13 23
ev. 37
715
511
sets
7 7
520
sets
723
5 5
sets
31
335
31
Tuesday ...
-
12 13 33
127
715
512
640
7 6
521
647
722
5 6
633
First Quar.. 6th.
i Full Moon. 13th.
2d MONTH. FEBRUARY, 1911. 28 DAYS.
Last Quar., 20th.
i New Moon, 28th.
M
tt
a
H
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111.,
St. Paul, N. B.
3
<!
B
4
Neb., N.Y.. Pa.,
Va., Ky., Mo..
Wis. and Mich..
H
K W
o
DAY
d
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
h
fc
fc
OF
00
8UN AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111., Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
O
"
o
WEEK.
fi
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
^
B
^,
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
^
^
^
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
_0
O
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. S.
B.M.
H. M.
H. M~
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
32
33
334
333
1
2
Wednesday
Thursday . .
- 13
" 27
12 13 41
12 13 49
n
714
712
hi
748
856
7 5
7 4
522
523
752
858
721
720
5 7
5 8
744
855
4
332
3
Friday
y 10
12 13 57
346
711
515
10 7
7 3
525
10 6
719
5 10
10 8
5
331
4
Saturday...
X 24
12 14 3
433
710
517
1117
7 2
526
1114
717
511
1121
36
330
5
SUNDAY..
T 8
12 14 9
521
7 9
519
morn
7 1
527
morn
716
512
morn
37
329
6
Monday
T 22
12 14 14
613
7 8
520
29
7
528
23
715
614
36
38
328
7
Tuesday . . .
6
12 14 17
7 9
7 6
521
146
650
529
137
713
5 15
155
39
327
8
Wednesday
W 20
12 14 21
8 9
7 5
523
3
658
530
249
712
516
3 12
40
32(5
9
Thursday...
H 5
12 14 23
912
7 4
524
413
657
532
4
710
518
427
41
325
10
Friday
H 19
12 14 24
1015
7 3
525
520
656
533
5 6
7 9
520
534
42
324
11
Saturday ..
8 3
12 14 25
1116
7 2
526
626
055
534
613
7 7
522
640
43
323
12
SUNDAY..
17
12 14 25
morn
7 1
527
rises
654
535
rises
7 5
523
rises
44
322
13
Monday
a i
12 14 24
12
7
528
550
653
536
5 57
7 4
524
5 43
45
321
14
Tuesday ...
a 15
12 14 23
1 3
659
530
7 2
651
538
7 6
7 3
526
657
46
320
15
Wednesday
a 28
12 14 20
151
658
532
8 9
050
539
8 11
7 2
527
8 8
47
319
1(5
Thursday ..
IV 11
12 14 17
235
656
533
913
649
540
912
7 1
529
9 14
48
318
17
Friday
np 24
12 14 14
318
654
534
1018
(548
541
1015
659
531
1028
49
317
18
Saturday . .
- 6
12 14 9
4
652
536
1121
646
542
11 15
657
532
11 27
60
310
19
SUNDAY..
" 18
12 14 4
442
(i 50
538
morn
045
544
morn
655
5 34
morn
51
315
20
Monday
= 30
12 13 58
526
649
539
26
644
545
17
054
535
34
52
314
21
Tuesday ...
m 11
12 13 62
612
647
540
129
043
646
1 18
652
536
140
63
313
22
Wednesday
m 23
12 13 45
7 1
646
541
641
5 47 2 22
650
538
250
64
312
23
Thursday..
if
12 13 37
751
645
543
3 31
640
548
317
648
539
340
55
311
24
Friday
f 17
12 13 29
844
44
544
426
639
549
412
647
5 40
441
66
310
25
Saturday.. .
f 30
12 13 20
936
643
545
513
38
550
5
040
542
527
57
; ;i )'. t
20
SUNDAY..
* 13
12 13 10
1028
641
546
553
636
551
540
644
543
6 4
68
30s
27
Monday
-5 26
12 13
11 19
639
547
627
635
551
617
043
545
630
69
307
28
Tuesday
- 9
12 12 50
ev. 8
038
548
sets
634
552
sets
641
546
sets
1
For far western points within any of the above zones of latitude add 2 nain. for each hour of longitude to
the moon's rising, setting and southing.
For far eastern points subtract 2 min. for each hour of longitude from moon's rising, setting and southing
10
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
$ First Quar., 7th.
Full Moon, 14th.
3d MONTH. MARCH, 1911. 31 DAYS.
<T Last Quar., 22d.
New Moon, 30th.
P5
P5
B
f-l
Q
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis. S. 111..
St. Paul. N. B.
<;
3
B
4)
Neb., N.Y., Pa..
Va.. Ky., Mo.,
Wis. and Mich..
w
J
MOON
S. Wis.. S. Mich.,
Kas.. Col., Cal.,
N. B. New York,
*
t*
a
DAY
fi
SUN AT
IN
N. 111.. Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
h
fc
Es,
OP
00
NOON
ME-
M
QD
O
WEEK.
fc
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
h
ft
(X
IAN
Sun
Sun
seta
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
<
<
<)
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
Q
Q
Q
%
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. 8.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
60
306
1
Wednesday
- 23
12 12 38
055
636
550
643
632
554
646
639
548
641
(51
305
2
Thursday . .
X 6
12 12 27
142
635
551
755
631
555
755
638
549
755
62
304
3
Friday
X 20
12 12 15
229
634
553
9 7
630
556
9 4
636
550
9 9
63
303
4
Saturday. . .
T 4
12 12 2
318
632
554
1021
628
557
1015
634
5 52
1027
64
302
5
SUNDAY..
T 19
12 11 49
4 9
630
556
1135
626
558
1126
632
53
1143
65
301
6
Monday ....
tf 3
12 11 35
5 5
628
557
morn
624
559
morn
630
555
morn
60
300
7
Tuesday
tf 17
12 11 21
6 3
626
558
53
623
6
42
628
556
1 4
67
'_'!)'.)
8
Wednesday
1
12 11 1
7 4
624
559
2 6
621
6 1
153
627
557
220
68
298
9
Thursday ..
x 15
12 10 52
8 6
622
6
314
619
6 2
3
625
558
328
69
297
10
Friday
V 29
12 10 36
9 6
620
6 1
411
618
6 3
358
623
6
425
70
296
11
Saturday. . .
8 13
12 10 21
10 2
618
6 3
459
617
6 4
447
621
6 2
511
71
295
12
SUNDAY..
8 27
12 10 5
1054
617
6 4
536
616
6 5
526
619
6 3
545
72
294
13
Monday....
10
12 9 49
1142
615
6 6
607
614
6 6
6
617
6 4
613
73
293
14
Tuesday
fl 23
12 9 32
morn
613
6 7
rises
613
6 7
rises
615
6 5
rises
74
292
15
Wednesday
HP 6
12 9 15
27
611
6 7
6 58
612
6 7
658
613
6 6
658
75
291
16
Thursday . .
HP 19
12 8 58
111
610
6 8
8 2
610
6 8
759
611
6 7
8 4
76
290
17
Friday
* 1
12 8 41
153
6 9
6 9
9 6
6 8
6 9
9 1
6 9
6 8
911
77
289
18
Saturday. .
= 14
12 8 23
236
6 7
610
1010
6 6
610
10 3
6 7
6 9
10 18
78
288
19
SUNDAY..
=* 26
12 8 6
319
6 5
611
1116
6 4
611
11 6
6 5
610
1126
79
287
20
Monday
m 7
12 7 48
4 5
6 4
612
morn
6 3
612
morn
6 3
611
morn
80
286
21
Tuesday
m 19
12 730
452
6 2
613
18
6 2
613
6
6 1
613
30
81
285
22
Wednesday
* i
12 7 12
542
6
614
119
6 1
614
1 6
6
615
133
82
284
23
Thursday...
* 13
12 6 54
633
558
615
216
6
615
2 1
558
616
230
83
283
24
Friday
if 25
12 6 35
726
556
616
3 6
559
616
253
556
617
321
84
282
25
Saturday. . .
8 8
12 6 17
817
554
617
348
557
617
335
554
619
4 1
85
281
26
SUNDAY..
* 21
12 5 59
9 8
553
619
425
555
618
415
552
620
438
80
280
27
Monday....
- 4
12 540
957
552
620
454
552
619
446
550
621
5 2
87
279
28
Tuesday
17
12 5 22
1045
551
621
519
550
620
514
548
622
524
88
278
29
Wednesday
X 1
12 5 4
1133
550
622
542
549
621
540
546
624
544
89
277
30
Thursday . .
X 15
12 4 46
ev. 20
548
624
sets
548
622
sets
544
626
seta
90
276
31
Friday
X 30
12 4 27
110
546
625
8 3
546
623
758
543
627
8 7
First Quar., 6th.
i Full Moon, 13th.
4th MONTH. APRIL^ 1911. 30 DAYS.
( Last Quar., 21st.
New Moon, 28th.
*
K
H
O
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis. S. 111.,
St. PauL. N. B.
<J
3
fc
<j
Neb., N.Y., Pa..
Va., Ky., Mo..
Wis. and Mich..
i
w
KJ
O
c
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich..
Kas., Col.. Cal..
N. E. New York.
t*
H*
55
S
DAT
OP
m
m
SUN AT
IN
ME-
N. 111.. Ind.. O.
Ind.. Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
o
M
o
WEEK.
Z
NOON
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
S
o
MARK.
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
2
c
r* 1
o
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
Q
Q
Q
H
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. 8.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
B. M.
91
275
1
Saturday ..
T 14
12 4 9
A Q
544
626
921
545
624
913
542
628
928
92
274
2
SUNDAY . .
T 29
12 3 51
257
543
627
1038
543
625
1028
540
629
1049
93
273
3
Monday
W 13
12 3 33
356
541
628
1154
542
626
1142
538
630
morn
94
272
4
Tuesday....
W 28
12 3 16
458
539
629
morn
540
626
morn
536
631
7
95
271
5
Wednesday
12
12 2 58
6 1
537
630
1 7
539
627
53
534
632
121
96
270
B
Thursday...
K 26
12 2 40
7 1
535
631
2 9
537
628
155
532
634
224
97
2(59
7
Friday
8 10
12 2 23
758
533
632
259
536
629
246
530
635
312
98
268
8
Saturday . .
8 23
12 2 6
850
531
633
339
534
630
329
528
636
350
99
267
9
SUNDAY . .
6
12 1 49
939
529
634
410
533
631
4 2
526
637
418
100
2(>6
10
Monday....
19
12 1 32
1024
527
635
436
531
632
431
524
639
441
101
102
21 ',5
264
11
12
Tuesday....
Wednesday
HP 2
HP 15
12 1 16
12 1
11 7
1149
526
524
if?
458
5 19
529
528
633
634
455
519
523
521
640
641
5
519
103
2(53
is
Thursday . .
HP 27
12 44
morn
523
638
rises
526
635
rises
519
642
rises
104
262
14
Friday
= 10
12 28
31
521
639
758
524
636
751
518
643
8 4
105
261
15
Saturday...
- 22
12 13
1 14
520
640
9 2
523
636
853
517
645
911
106
260
16
SUNDAY..
HI 4
11 59 58
159
519
642
10 7
522
637
956
515
646
1018
107
25!
17
Monday
m 15
11 59 43
246
517
643
1110
521
638
1057
513
647
1124
108
258
18
Tuesday....
m 27
11 59 29
335
516
644
morn
519
639
1153
511
648
morn
109
257
19
Wednesday
* 9
11 59 16
425
514
645
7
518
640
morn
5 9
649
22
110
256
20
Thursday..
if 21
11 59 2
517
512
646
59
517
641
45
5 7
651
114
111
255
21
Friday
* 3
11 58 49
6 8
510
647
145
516
642
132
5 4
653
159
112
254
22
Saturday ..
* 16
11 58 37
658
5 9
648
222
515
642
210
5 2
654
834
113
253
23
SUNDAY...
-6 29
11 58 25
747
5 7
649
253
514
643
244
5
656
3 2
114
252
24
Monday....
- 12
11 58 13
835
5 5
650
320
5 13
644
313
459
657
327
115
251
25
Tuesday
- 25
11 58 2
921
5 4
652
343
511
645
339
458
658
347
116
250
26
Wednesday
x 9
11 57 52
10 8
5 3
653
4 6
5 9
646
4 5
457
659
4 7
117
249
27
Thursday..
X 24
11 57 42
1057
5 2
654
430
5 7
646
431
456
7
429
118
248
28
Friday
T 8
11 57 32
1148
5
655
454
5 5
647
459
454
7 1
450
119
247
29
Saturday...
T 23
11 57 23
ev. 43
459
656
sets
5 4
649
sets
452
7 8
sets
120
246
30
SUNDAY.,.
W 8
11 57 14
142
457
667
934
5 3
650
o 99
y 66
450
7 4
946
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
17
$ First Quar., 5tb.
Full Moon, 13th.
5th MONTH. MAY, 1911. 31 DAYS.
Last Quar., 21st.
I New Moon, 28th.
d
:
K
5
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis. S. 111..
St. Paul, N. E.
w
^
^
3
Neb.. N.Y.. Pa.,
Va.. Ky.. Mo.,
Wis. and Mich..
B
S<
O
j
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich..
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
%
fci
DAY
OP
O-i
SUN AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111.. Ind.. O.
Ind.. Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
O
H
O
WEEK.
-
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
(H
^
H
o
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
5
o
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
O
q
^
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con. D.
H. M. S.
H M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
121
245
1
Monday....
W 23
11 57 6
248
456
658
1039
6 2
651
1030
449
7 5
1049
122
244
2
Tuesday . . .
8
11 56 59
350
455
659
12
5 1
652
1146
448
7 6
morn
123
243
3
Wednesday
K 22
11 56 52
454
454
7
morn
5
653
morn
446
7 7
15
124
242
4
Thursday .
8 6
11 56 45
553
453
7 2
56
459
654
43
444
7 8
110
125
241
5
Friday
8 20
11 56 40
648
452
7 3
141
458
655
130
443
710
1 53
126
240
6
Saturday...
fl 3
11 56 34
737
450
7 4
214
457
656
2 5
442
711
222
127
239
7
SUNDAY..
fl 16
11 56 29
823
449
7 6
241
456
657
23b
440
712
247
128
238
8
Monday
a 29
11 56 25
9 6
448
7 6
3 4
455
658
3 1
439
713
3 7
329
237
9
Tuesday
HP 12
11 56 21
947
446
7 7
324
454
659
323
438
714
325
130
236
10
Wednesday
TV 24
11 56 18
1029
445
7 8
343
453
7
345
437
716
341
131
235
11
Thursday ..
- 6
11 56 16
1111
444
7 9
4 3
452
7
4 7
436
717
359
132
234
12
Friday
- 18
11 56 14
1155
442
710
424
451
7 1
431
435
718
417
133
233
13
Saturday . .
m o
11 56 12
morn
441
711
rises
450
7 2
rises
434
719
rises
134
232
14
SUNDAY ..
m 12
11 56 11
41
440
712
859
449
7 3
847
432
720
912
135
231
15
Monday....
m 24
11 56 11
129
439
713
10
448
7 3
947
431
721
1015
136
230
16
Tuesday
* 6
11 56 11
220
438
714
1055
448
7 4
1041
430
723
11 10
137
-"-'it
17
Wednesday
x- 18
11 56 12
3 11
437
716
1142
447
7 6
1129
429
724
11 57
138
228
18
Thursday ..
r 30
11 56 13
4 2
436
716
morn
446
7 6
morn
428
725
morn
13S
227
19
Friday
* 12
11 56 15
452
435
717
21
445
7 7
9
427
726
33
140
226
20
Saturday . .
5 24
11 56 18
540
434
718
55
444
7 8
43
426
727
1 3
141
225
21
SUNDAY..
- 7
11 56 21
627
434
719
120
444
7 9
112
425
728
128
142
224
22
Monday....
- 20
11 56 25
713
433
720
144
443
710
139
424
729
149
143
223
23
Tuesday....
X 4
11 56 29
758
432
721
2 7
443
711
2 4
423
730
2 9
144
222
24
Wednesday
X 18
11 56 34
844
431
722
228
442
712
22S
422
731
228
145
221
25
Thursday ..
T 2
1 1 56 39
933
430
723
253
442
713
256
421
732
250
146
220
2(5
Friday
T 17
11 56 45
1026
429
724
319
441
713
325
420
734
3 12
147
219
27
Saturday...
H 2
11 56 51
1123
428
725
351
441
714
4
419
735
342
148
218
28
SUNDAY..
17
11 56 58
ev.26
427
726
sets
440
715
sets
418
736
sets
149
217
29
Monday ....
H 2
11 57 5
132
426
727
940
439
716
926
417
737
955
150
216
30
Tuesday
:K 17
11 57 13
238
426
728
1044
439
717
1031
416
738
1059
151
215
31
Wednesday
8 2
11 57 21
342
426
729
1136
438
717
1125
416
739
1149
"5 First Quar., 3d.
Full Moon, llth.
6th MONTH. JUNE, 1911. 30 DAYS.
Last Quar., 19th.
i New Moon, 26th.
a
H
EH
u
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111..
St. Paul, N. B.
*
2
I
i
Neb.. N.Y., Pa..
Va.. Ky., Mo..
Wis. and Mich..
a
W
d
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. B. New York,
P
&H
k
?!
DAY
OF
M
SUN AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111., Ind., O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
o
o
WEEK.
ft
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
l_
t/3
H
^<
O
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
<
4
<(
o
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
Q_
Q
P
N
rises.
rises.
rises.
ConD.
H. M. 8.
H. M.
H. M.
B. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
152
214
1
Thursday..
8 16
11 57 30
440
425
729
morn
438
718
morn
415
740
morn
153
213
2
Friday
8 30
11 57 39
533
425
730
15
438
719
6
415
741
25
154
212
5
Saturday . .
13
11 57 48
621
425
730
44
438
719
37
414
741
51
155
211
4
SUNDAY./
fl 26
11 57 58
7 5
425
731
1 9
437
720
105
414
742
112
156
210
5
Monday....
HP 9
11 58 8
747
424
731
130
437
720
129
414
742
132
157
209
6
Tuesday
TIP 21
11 58 18
828
424
732
151
437
721
1 52
413
743
150
158
208
7
Wednesday
= 3
11 58 29
910
424
733
210
437
721
213
413
743
2 6
159
207
8
Thursday...
= 15
11 58 40
953
424
733
230
436
722
236
413
744
224
160
206
9
Friday
* 27
11 58 51
1038
423
734
253
436
722
3 2
413
744
245
161
205
10
Saturday . .
m. 9
11 59 3
1126
423
734
321
436
723
331
412
745
3 10
162
204
11
SUNDAY..
m 21
11 59 15
morn
423
735
rises
436
724
rises
412
746
rises
163
203
12
Monday
? 3
11 59 27
15
423
736
848
436
724
834
412
747
9 3
164
202
18
Tuesday....
* 15
11 59 39
1 6
423
737
940
436
725
926
412
747
954
165
201
14
Wednesday
f 27
11 59 51
158
423
737
1022
436
725
10 9
412
748
1035
166
200
15
Thursday . .
* 9
12 4
248
423
738
1056
436
725
1045
412
749
11 7
167
199
16
Friday
* 21
12 16
337
423
738
1126
436
726
1117
412
750
1135
168
198
17
Saturday ..
- 3
12 29
423
423
739
1148
436
726
1142
412
750
11 54
160
197
18
SUNDAY..
- 16
12 42
5 8
423
739
morn
436
726
morn
412
751
morn
170
196
19
Monday...
- 29
12 55
553
423
739
11
436
726
8
412
751
14
171
195
20
Tuesday ...
K 13
12 1 8
637
423
739
32
436
726
31
412
751
33
172
194
21
Wednesday
M 26
12 1 21
723
424
740
53
436
726
55
412
751
51
173
193
22
Thursday. .
T 11
12 1 34
812
424
740
117
437
727
122
413
751
112
174
192
23
Friday
T 25
12 1 47
9 5
424
740
1 45
437
727
153
413
751
137
175
191
24
Saturday...
W 10
12 2
10 4
424
740
221
437
727
232
413
751
210
176
190
25
SUNDAY..
W 25
12 2 13
11 8
424
740
3 8
437
727
321
413
751
255
177
189
2(5
Monday
K 11
12 2 26
ev.16
425
740
sets
438
727
sets
413
751
sets
178
188
27
Tuesday
K 26
12 2 39
123
425
740
923
438
727
910
414
751
936
179
187
28
Wednesday
8 11
12 2 51
225
425
740
10 8
438
727
957
414
751
1019
180
186
29
Thursday . .
25
12 3 4
322
425
740
1042
439
727
1035
414
751
1050
181
185
30
Friday
O !>
12 3 16
414
426
740
1111
440
727
11 6
415
761
1116
18
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAU-BOOK FOR 1911.
$ First Qnar, 3d.
Full Moon, llth.
7th MONTH. JULY, 1911. 31 DAYS.
Last Quar. 18th.
i New Moon 25th.
P5
'Pi
m
H
S
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis. S. 111.,
St. Paul, N. E.
j
<
5
Neb., N. Y., Pa.,
Va., Kv., Mo.,
Wis. and Mich..
w
w
IJH
C
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
h
CM
fc
55
tw
DAY
OF
PJ
pa
SUN AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111., Ind., O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
IH
WEEK.
ft
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
(H
[H
|M
o
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
4
J
4
o
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
a
Q
Q
54
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. S.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
182
184
1
Saturday . .
n 22
12 3 28
5 1
427
740
1135
440
727
1132
416
751
1137
183
is::
'2
SUNDAY..
HP 5
12 3 40
544
428
740
1154
440
727
1154
417
751
1154
184
1K2
3
Monday
HP 18
12 3 51
627
429
740
morn
441
727
morn
418
751
morn
185
181
4
Tuesday
=
12 4 2
7 9
429
740
15
441
727
18
4 18
751
12
186
ISO
5
Wednesday
= 12
12 4 13
751
430
740
35
442
727
40
419
751
29
187
179
6
Thursday . .
= 24
12 4 23
836
431
739
47
443
726
54
420
760
39
188
178
7
Friday
m 6
12 4 33
922
432
739
123
443
726
135
421
750
1 13
189
177
8
Saturday...
m is
12 4 43
1011
432
739
153
444
726
2 5
421
750
141
190
176
9
SUNDAY..
m so
12 4 52
11 2
433
739
232
444
725
246
422
749
218
191
175
10
Monday
* 12
12 5 1
1154
433
738
320
445
725
334
422
749
3 5
192
174
11
Tuesday
f 24
12 5 10
morn
434
737
rises
44'5
724
rises
423
748
rises
193
173
12
Wednesday
6
12 5 18
45
435
737
858
446
724
846
424
747
910
194
172
13
Thursday . .
* 18
12 5 25
134
435
736
927
447
724
918
424
746
936
195
171
14
Friday
-
12 5 35
222
436
736
953
4 47
723
947
425
746
10
19(5
170
15
Saturday...
- 13
12 5 39
3 7
436
735
1015
448
723
1011
426
745
1020
197
Kill
16
SUNDAY..
- 26
12 5 46
351
437
734
1035
449
722
1033
427
744
1037
198
1C.S
17
Monday ....
K 9
12 5 51
434
438
734
1057
450
721
1058
428
743
1056
199
1G7
18
Tuesday
H 22
12 5 57
519
439
733
1119
451
721
1123
429
742
1115
200
16(5
19
Wednesday
T 6
.12 6 1
6 5
439
733
1145
451
720
1152
430
742
1139
201
105
20
Thursday..
T 20
12 6 6
655
440
732
morn
452
720
morn
431
741
morn
202
1(54
21
Friday
4
12 6 9
749
441
731
16
453
719
25
432
740
6
203
K;:;
22
Saturday...
W 19
12 6 12
849
442
730
56
454
719
1 8
433
739
43
204
162
215
SUNDAY..
K 4
12 6 15
954
443
729
146
454
718
159
434
738
131
205
161
24
Monday....
K 19
12 6 17
11 1
444
728
253
455
717
3 7
435
787
238
200
1(50
25
Tuesday
4
12 6 18
ev. 6
445
727
sets
456
716
sets
436
736
sets
207
15<)
26
Wednesday
19
12 6 19
1 6
446
726
838
457
715
829
437
735
847
208
158
27
Thursday . .
fl 3
12 6 20
2 1
447
725
9 9
458
714
9 3
438
734
915
209
157
28
Friday
a 17
12 6 20
251
448
724
934
459
713
930
439
733
937
210
15(5
29
Saturday ..
HP 1
12 6 18
338
449
723
957
459
712
957
440
732
958
211
155
30
SUNDAY..
TIP 14
12 6 17
421
450
722
1017
5
712
1019
441
731
1015
212
154
31
Monday
Irpp 27
12 6 15
5 4
451
721
1038
5 1
711
1042
442
730
1038
"$ First Qnar., 1st.
Full Moon, 9th.
8th MONTH. AUGUST, 1911. 31 DAYS.
Last Qnar., 17th.
i New Moon, 23d.
First Quar., 31st.
pj
a
B
f-i
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111.,
St. Paul, N. B.
4]
3
fe
"1
Neb., N.Y., Pa.,
Va., Ky., Mo..
Wis. and Mich..
W
W
O
J
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
X
H
S
DAY
cu
SUN AT
IN
N. 111., Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
fc
OP
00
NOON
ME-
O
O
WEEK.
<z,
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
><
00
^
O
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
4
4
j
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
G
Q
o
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Oon.D.
H. M. 8.
H. M.
B. M.
H. M.
H. M.
B. M.
B. M.
B. M.
B. M.
B. M.
B. M.
213
153
1
Tuesday ...
= 9
12 6 12
548
452
719
11
5 2
710
11 7
443
729
1053
214
i 52
2
Wednesday
= 21
12 6 8
632
453
718
1125
5 2
7 9
1134
444
727
1115
215
151
3
Thursday . .
m 3
12 6 4
718
454
717
1154
5 3
7 8
morn
445
725
1142
216
150
4
Friday
m 15
12 6
8 6
454
716
morn
5 4
7 7
6
446
724
morn
217
149
5
Saturday...
m 26
12 5 54
857
455
715
29
5 5
7 6
42
447
722
15
218
148
(i
SUNDAY..
if 8
12 5 48
948
456
714
115
5 6
7 5
129
449
720
1
219
147
7
Monday
* 20
12 5 42
1040
457
713
2 6
5 7
7 4
220
450
719
151
220
146
8
Tuesday....
* 3
12 5 35
1130
159
712
3 5
5 7
7 3
318
451
718
251
22 1
145
9
Wednesday
* 15
12 5 27
morn
5
710
rises
5 8
7 2
rises
453
717
rises
222
144
10
Thursday...
* 27
12 5 19
18
5 1
7 9
757
5 9
7 1
749
454
715
8 4
223
143
11
Friday
- 10
12 5 10
1 5
5 2
7 7
321
510
7
816
4 55
714
826
224
142
12
Saturday.:
- 23
12 5 1
1 50
5 3
7 6
842
511
659
839
456
713
844
225
141
13
SUNDAY..
H 6
12 4 51
234
5 4
7 5
9 2
512
657
9 2
458
712
9 2
j"i;
140
14
Monday
H 19
12 4 40
318
5 5
7 4
923
513
655
926
459
710
920
227
139
15
Tuesday....
T 3
12 4 29
4 3
5 6
7 3
951
514
654
956
5
7 9
945
228
138
16
Wednesday
T 16
12 4 17
451
5 7
7 2
1015
515
653
1024
5 2
7 8
10 6
229
137
17
Thursday . .
V w
12 4 5
542
5 8
7 1
1051
516
651
11 2
5 3
7 6
1039
230
136
18
Friday
V 15
12 3 53
639
5 9
659
1136
516
650
1149
5 4
7 4
1122
231
13.-)
19
Saturday...
V 29
12 3 40
740
510
657
morn
517
649
morn
5 5
7 2
morn
232
134
20
SUNDAY..
K 14
12 3 26
844
511
655
33
518
648
47
5 6
7 1
18
233
133
21
Monday
K 28
12 3 12
948
5 12
653
142
519
646
1 55
5 7
7
127
234
132
2 a
Tuesday
13
12 2 58
1050
513
651
259
520
644
3 10
5 8
658
247
235
131
23
Wednesday
27
12 2 43
1147
514
650
4 7
521
643
416
5 9
656
358
236
130
24
Thursday . .
a 12
12 2 27
ev. 39
515
649
sets
522
642
sets
510
654
sets
237
129
25
Friday
f> 25
12 2 12
127
5 16
647
757
523
640
755
611
652
759
238
128
20
Saturday...
HP 9
12 1 55
213
517
645
818
524
639
819
512
650
817
239
127
27
SUNDAY..
HP 22
12 1 39
257
518
644
840
525
637
844
514
648
837
240
126
28
Monday
e 5
12 1 22
341
520
643
9 1
526
636
9 7
5 l(i
646
855
241
!_'.')
V9
Tuesday
" 17
12 1 4
425
521
641
924
527
635
933
5 17
645
915
242
124
30
Wednesday
* 29
12 47
511
522
639
952
5 28
634
10 3
518
643
941
243
123
31
Thursday .
m 11
12 28
559
523
637
1025
5 '.'S
633
1038
1 5 19
641
1012
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
19
Full Moon, 8th. gth MONTH QFPTF MRFP 1 011 in nAV New Moon, 22d.
. yth ONTH - Ol^r 1 I^lUDE,!*, IV 11. 30 DAYS ^ First Quar., 30th.
Last Quar., 15th.
pj
a
B
H
B
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111.,
St. Paul, N. E.
<
j
fc
<
Neb., N.Y., Pa..
Va.. K.Y., Mo.,
Wls. and Mich.,
w
tX
fu
B
2
O
S
6)
DAT
OF
,
00
SUN AT
NOON
MOON
IN
ME-
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
N. 111.. Ind.. O.
Kas., Col., Cal.,
Ind., Ohio.
N. E. New York.
Minn., Ore.
o
O
WEEK.
a
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
)M
R
!*
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
!
i
o
M
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
Q
Q
Q
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. S.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
244
122
1
Friday
m 23
12 010
649
524
636
11 7
529
632
1121
520
639
1052
245
12]
2
Saturday...
? 5
11 59 51
741
525
634
1157
529
630
morn
521
638
1142
246
120
3
SUNDAY . .
r 17
11 59 32
832
526
632
morn
530
629
11
523
636
ruorn
247
119
4
Monday
f 29
11 59 13
923
527
630
53
531
627
1 7
524
634
39
248
118
5
Tuesday
* 11
11 58 53
1012
528
629
157
532
625
2 9
525
632
144
241)
117
6
Wednesday
23
11 58 33
11
529
627
3 1
533
623
321
526
630
251
250
116
7
Thursday ..
- 6
11 58 13
1146
530
625
411
534
622
417
528
628
4 3
251
115
8
Friday
- 19
11 57 53
morn
531
624
rises
535
621
rises
529
626
rises
252
114
9
Saturday . .
H 2
11 57 32
30
532
622
7 7
536
619
7 6
530
6 24
7 7
253
113
10
SUNDAY..
X 16
11 57 11
115
533
620
728
537
617
730
531
622
726
254
112
11
Monday
K 30
11 56 50
2
534
618
752
537
615
757
532
620
747
255
111
12
Tuesday....
T 13
11 56 30
248
535
616
818
538
614
826
533
618
810
250
110
13
Wednesday
T 27
11 56 8
339
536
615
850
539
613
9
534
617
839
257
109
14
Thursday...
V 11
11 55 47
434
537
613
932
540
612
945
535
615
918
2f)8
108
15
Friday
tf 25
11 55 26
533
538
611
1024
541
610
1038
536
613
10 9
259
107
10
Saturday ..
K 10
11 55 5
635
539
6 9
1129
542
6 8
1143
537
611
1114
260
106
17
SUNDAY...
H 24
11 54 44
738
541
6 7
morn
543
6 6
morn
539
69
morn
261
105
18
Monday
8
11 54 23
839
542
6 6
40
544
6 4
52
541
6 7
27
262
104
19
Tuesday
22
11 54 1
93t3
543
6 4
155
545
6 3
2 5
542
6 5
144
2(33
103
20
Wednesday
Ci 6
11 53 40
1029
544
6 2
312
546
6 1
319
543
6 8
3 4
264
102
21
Thursday...
20
11 53 19
11 18
545
6
426
547
6
430
544
6 1
421
265
101
22
Friday
HP 4
11 52 58
ev. 4
546
559
sets
547
559
sets
546
6
seta
260
100
23
Saturday . .
HP 17
11 52 37
49
547
641
548
644
547
558
639
267
99
24
SUNDAY..
TIP 30
11 52 16
133
548
5 56
7 2
549
555
7 7
548
556
657
268
98
25
Monday
= 12
11 51 56
218
549
554
725
550
553
733
549
554
717
969
97
26
Tuesday
* 25
11 51 35
3 3
550
552
751
551
8 1
550
552
740
270
96
27
Wednesday
m 7
11 51 15
351
551
550
822
552
5 50
834
552
5 50
8 10
271
95
28
Thursday . .
m 19
11 50 55
441
552
549
9 1
553
549
914
553
548
8 46
272
94
29
Friday
* i
11 50 35
532
553
547
946
554
547
10
554
546
931
273
93
30
Saturday...
* 13
11 50 15
623
554
545
1041
555
545
1055
555
544
1026
Full Moon, 7th.
Last Quar., 14th.
10th MONTH. OCTOBER, 1911. 31 DAYS. fSSJtSSS'.ffi
fji
pi
B
M
B
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111.,
St. Paul, N. B.
9
2
fc
3
Neb.. N.Y.. Pa..
Va.. Ky., Mo..
Wis. and Mich..
s
w
O
j
MOON
S. Wls., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col.. Cal.,
N. E. New York.
t-
^
E
DAY
Bj
SUN AT
IN
N. 111., Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
fc
OP
x
NOON
ME-
o
WEEK.
fc
MARE.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
i*
(H
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
4
4
!
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
jL
S
__
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. 8.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
274
92
1
SUNDAY . .
* 25
11 49 55
714
556
544
1140
556
543
1153
557
542
11 27
275
91
2
Monday....
* 7
11 49 36
8 4
557
542
morn
556
542
morn
558
540
morn
276
90
3
Tuesday . . .
* 19
11 49 17
852
558
540
45
557
541
56
559
539
34
377
89
4
Wednesday
- 2
11 48 58
938
559
538
152
558
540
2 1
6
538
144
278
5
Thursday...
- 15
11 48 40
1023
6
537
3 1
559
538
3 6
3 1
536
255
279
87
6
Friday
- 28
11 48 22
11 8
6 1
535
4 9
6
536
412
6 2
534
4 6
280
86
7
Saturday...
H 11
11 48 4
1154
6 2
533
518
6 1
534
518
6 4
532
518
281
85
8
SUNDAY..
H 25
11 47 47
morn
6 3
532
rises
6 2
533
rises
6 5
530
rises
282
84
9
Monday....
T 9
11 47 30
42
6 4
530
620
6 3
531
627
6 6
528
6 13
283
83
10
Tuesday.. .
T 23
11 47 14
133
6 5
528
651
6 4
529
7 1
6 7
526
641
284
82
11
Wednesday
8
11 46 58
228
6 7
526
731
6 5
528
743
6 8
524
718
285
81
12
Thursday...
W 22
11 46 43
327
8
525
820
6 6
527
834
6 10
522
8 5
80
13
Friday
H 6
11 46 28
429
6 9
523
920
6 7
526
935
612
520
9 5
287
79
14
Saturday...
K 21
11 46 13
632
610
521
1029
6 8
524
1042
613
519
1015
288
78
15
SUNDAY..
5
11 45 59
633
611
519
1143
6 9
523
1154
614
517
1132
289
77
16
Monday....
19
11 45 46
731
612
518
morn
610
522
inorn
610
516
morn
290
76
17
Tuesday....
2
11 45 33
824
613
517
58
611
520
1 7
6 17
514
50
291
75
18
Wednesday
16
11 45 21
913
614
516
211
612
519
217
618
512
2 6
292
74
19
Thursday..
29
11 45 10
959
615
515
319
613
518
322
619
510
316
293
73
20
Friday
TIP 13
11 44 59
1043
616
5 13
430
614
517
430
621
5 8
430
294
72
21
Saturday . .
HP 25
11 44 49
1127
618
5 11
536
615
516
534
622
5 7
538
295
71
22
SUNDAY..
~ 8
11 44 39
ev.ll
619
5 9
sets
616
514
sets
624
5 5
sets
296
70
23
Monday
=> 21
11 44 30
56
621
5 7
553
616
513
6 2
625
5 3
544
297
G9
24
Tuesday
m 3
11 44 22
144
622
5 6
622
6 17
511
633
627
5 2
610
298
08
25
Wednesday
m 15
11 44 14
232
624
5 4
655
618
510
7 8
628
5 1
641
299
07
26
Thursday ..
m 27
11 44 8
323
25
5 2
739
619
5 8
753
630
459
724
300
06
27
Friday
> 9
11 44 1
414
626
5 1
828
620
5 7
843
631
457
812
301
65
28
Saturday...
if 20
11 43 56
5 5
627
5
926
621
5 6
940
6 32
455
912
302
04
29
SUNDAY...
* 2
11 43 51
555
628
459
1029
622
5 5
1041
633
454
1017
303
03
30
Monday
* 14
11 43 47
643
629
458
1135
023
5 4
1145
634
453
1125
304
62
31
Tuesday
* 27
11 43 41
729
630
457
morn
624
5 3
morn
636
451
morn
M
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC JND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Full Moon, 6th. 11*1, MONTH
Last Quar. ,13th. llth W< rH>
1O11 in nAV<: New Moon, 20th
, J.yi.1. 30 DAYS. $ First Quar. 28th
a
a
H
i
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111.,
St. Paul, N, K.
<
^
i
8
Neb., N.Y., Pa.,
Va., Ky., Mo.,
Wis. and MiCh.,
w
w
Ex
o
j
MOON
S. Wis., S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New Yortt,
r"
z
fc
DAY
OP
m
00
Stm AT
NOON
IN
ME-
N. 111., Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn.i Ore.
m
o
WEEK.
fe
MARK,
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
bM
5
^,
i
IAN
Sun
Sun
sets
Snn
Snn
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
5
^
<
o
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
a
O
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. H. 6.
H. M.
H. M.
H. H.
H. H.
H. H.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
305
61
1
Wednesday
- 9
1143 42
814
631
455
041
626
5 1
048
638
449
034
306
60
2
Thursday . .
- 22
11 43 40
858
633
454
148
627
5
153
639
448
144
307
59
3
Friday
X 6
11 43 39
943
634
453
256
628
459
257
640
447
254
308
58
4
Saturday. . .
X 19
11 43 39
1030
635
452
4 5
629
458
4 4
641
445
4 6
309
57
5
SUNDAY . .
T 4
11 43 40
1120
636
450
515
630
457
512
642
443
518
310
56
6
Monday
T 18
11 43 42
morn
637
449
rises
631
456
rises
644
442
rises
311
55
7
Tuesday
V 3
11 43 44
14
638
448
626
632
455
537
645
441
514
312
54
8
Wednesday
V 18
11 4347
114
639
447
612
633
454
626
646
440
558
313
53
9
Thursday...
H 2
11 43 51
217
640
446
711
634
453
727
647
439
6 56
314
52
10
Friday
tt 17
11 43 66
323
641
445
818
635
453
832
648
438
8 4
315
51
11
Saturday ..
8 1
11 44 2
426
643
444
933
637
452
945
650
436
921
316
50
12
SUNDAY..
8 16
11 44 9
526
644
443
1048
638
451
1057
652
435
1039
317
49
13
Monday....
8 29
11 44 17
621
645
442
morn
639
450
morn
653
434
11 55
318
48
14
Tuesday....
13
11 4425
711
646
441
2
640
450
8
655
433
morn
319
47
15
Wednesday
26
11 44 34
757
648
440
113
641
449
116
656
432
1 9
320
46
16
Thursday . .
TIP 9
11 44 44
841
649
439
219
642
449
220
658
431
218
321
45
17
Friday
TIP 22
11 4456
924
651
438
326
643
448
325
659
430
328
322
44
18
Saturday ..
*= 4
11 45 7
10 7
652
438
432
644
447
427
7
430
436
323
43
19
SUN DAY . .
= 17
11 45 20
1051
654
437
539
645
447
632
7 2
429
546
324
42
20
Monday
= 29
11 45 34
1137
655
437
644
646
446
635
7 3
428
654
325
41
21
Tuesday
m 11
11 4548
ev.26
656
436
sets
647
445
sets
7 6
427
sets
326
40
22
Wednesday
m 23
11 46 3
116
657
435
534
648
445
548
7 6
426
5 19
327
39
23
Thursday..
if 5
11 46 19
2 7
658
434
621
649
444
636
7 7
426
6 6
328
38
24
Friday
if 17
11 46 36
259
659
433
717
650
444
729
7 9
425
7 2
329
37
25
Saturday. . .
if 29
11 46 53
349
7
433
817
651
443
830
710
424
8 4
330
36
26
SUNDAY..
* 11
11 47 12
437
7 1
432
921
652
443
932
7U
423
911
331
35
27
Monday
* 23
11 47 31
523
7 3
431
1024
653
442
1032
712
422
1016
332
34
28
Tuesday ...
- 5
11 47 60
6 7
7 4
431
1133
654
442
1138
713
422
1127
833
33
29
Wednesday
17
11 48 11
650
7 5
431
morn
655
442
morn
714
421
morn
334
32
30
Thursday .
X
11 48 32
733
7 6
431
37
656
442
40
715
421
34
f5S:,&h. 12* MONTH. DECEMBER, 1911. 31 DAYS.
a
I
H
u
Chicago, Iowa,
St. Louis, S. 111..
St. Paul, N. E.
--
<
K
4
Neb., N.Y., Pa.,
Va.. Ky., Mo.,
Wis. and Mich.,
H
S
f
MOON
S. Wis.. S. Mich.,
Kas., Col., Cal.,
N. E. New York.
>
^*
S
DAT
M
SUN AT
IN
N. 111., Ind.. O.
Ind., Ohio.
Minn., Ore.
fc.
y.
fc
OF
to
NOON
ME-
H
WEEK.
S5
MAKK.
KID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
**
;*
^M
O
1A.N.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
seta
4
<
<
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
0_
3
_a_
m
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. H. S.
H. H.
H. H.
H. H.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
335
31
i
Friday
X 14
11 48 54
818
7 7
431
144
657
441
144
716
421
144
33(3
30
2
Saturday. . .
X 27
11 49 16
9 5
7 8
430
253
658
441
251
717
420
255
337
29
3
SUNDAY..
T 11
11 49 39
957
7 9
430
4 5
659
441
4
718
420
4 10
338
28
4
Monday....
T 26
11 50 3
1054
710
430
622
7
441
514
719
419
631
339
27
5
Tuesday
W 11
11 50 27
1156
711
429
641
7 1
441
631
720
419
653
340
26
6
Wednesday
W 26
11 50 52
morn
712
429
rises
7 2
441
rises
722
419
rises
341
25
7
Thursday ..
K 11
11 51 17
1 3
713
429
6
7 3
441
614
723
419
545
342
24
8
Friday
H 26
11 51 43
211
714
429
716
7 4
441
728
724
419
7 3
343
23
9
Saturday ..
8 11
11 52 9
315
715
429
834
7 5
441
844
725
419
824
344
22
10
SUNDAY..
26
11 52 36
414
716
429
950
7 6
441
957
726
419
942
345
21
11
Monday ....
10
11 53 3
6 7
717
429
11 3
7 6
441
11 7
727
419
1058
346
20
12
Tuesday
O 23
11 53 31
555
718
429
morn
7 7
441
morn
728
419
morn
347
19
13
Wednesday
TIP 6
11 53 59
640
719
429
11
7 8
442
13
729
419
10
348
18
14
Thursday...
TP 19
11 54 27
723
720
429
117
7 9
442
116
730
420
118
349
17
15
Friday
11 54 56
8 6
721
430
224
7 9
442
221
731
420
227
350
16
16
Saturday ..
e 14
11 55 25
850
721
430
330
710
443
324
732
420
336
351
15
17
SUNDAY..
= 26
11 55 54
935
721
430
436
710
443
427
732
420
445
352
14
18
Monday
m 8
11 56 24
1022
722
431
541
711
443
630
733
421
652
353
13
19
Tuesday....
m 20
11 56 54
1111
723
431
645
712
444
632
734
421
658
354
12
20
Wednseday
> 2
11 57 23
ev. 2
723
432
744
712
444
730
734
421
759
355
11
21
Thursday...
if 14
11 57 53
53
724
432
sets
713
444
sets
735
422
sets
356
10
22
Friday
* c
11 58 23
144
724
433
6 9
713
445
622
735
422
555
357
9
23
Saturday .
* 7
11 58 54
233
725
434
713
714
445
724
736
423
7 1
358
8
24
SUNDAY..
* 19
11 59 24
319
725
434
818
714
446
826
736
424
8 9
359
7
25
Monday
- 1
11 59 54
4 3
725
435
921
714
446
927
737
425
915
360
6
26
Tuesday
14
12 24
446
726
435
1025
715
447
1029
737
426
1021
361
5
27
Wednesday
- 26
12 53
528
726
436
1130
715
448
1131
737
426
1129
862
4
28
Thursday . .
X 9
12 1 23
610
726
437
morn
715
449
morn
738
427
morn
363
3
29
Friday
X 22
12 1 52
654
727
438
34
716
450
33
738
428
35
364
2
30
Saturday...
T 6
12 2 22
742
727
438
143
716
451
139
739
429
147
365
1
31
SUNDAY..
T 19
12 2 51
834
728
439
256
716
451
249
739
429
3 3
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
21
A READY-REFERENCE CALENDAR.
For ascertaining any day of the week for any given time within two hundred years from the Introduction of
the New Style, 1752 to 1962 inclusive.
YEARS 1753 TO 1952.
S
1-3
a
|
c.
1
0>
a
s
"-a
>
"a
-:
ti
s
&
'S;
|
|
1761
1801
1767
1807
1778
1818
1789
1829
1795
1835
1846
1857
1903
1863
1914
1874
1925
1885
1931
1891
1942
4
7
7
3
5
1
3
G
2
4
7
2
1762
1802
1773
1813
1779
1819
1790
1530
1841
1847
1858
1909
1869
1915
1875
1926
1886
1937
1897
1943
5
1
1
4
2
4
7
3
5
1
3
1757
1803
1763
1814
1774
1825
1785
1831
1791
1842
1853
1859
1910
1870
1921
1881
1927
1887
1938
1898
1949
6
2
2
5
7
3
5
1
4
6
2
4
1754
1805
1765
1811
1771
1822
1782
1833
1793
1839
1799
1850
1901
1861
1907
1867
1918
1878
1929
1889
1935
1895*
1946
2
5
5
1
3
6
1
4
7
2
5
7
1755
1806
1766
1817
1777
1823
1783
1834
1794
1845
1800
1851
1902
1862
1913
1873
1919
1879
1930
1890
1941
1947
3
(3
2
4
7
2
5
1
3
6
1
1758
1809
1769
1815
1775
1826
1786
1837
1797
1843
1854
1905
1865
1911
1871
1922
1882
1933
1893
1939
1899
1950
7
3
3
3
1
4
G
2
5
7
3
5
1753
1810
1759
1821
1770
1827
1781
1838
1787
1849
1798
1855
1866
1906
1877
1917
1883
1923
1894
1934
1900
1945
1951
1
4
4
7
2
5
7
3
G
1
4
G
LEAP YEARS.
29
1764
I 1792 1804
1832
1860 1888 1928
| 713 |4|7 1 2| 5 1713 |6 1 1 |4|6
1768
I 1796 1808
183
1864 1892 1904 1932 |5|1|2|5|7|3|5|1|4|6|2|4
1772
1776
1
1
. . . 1812
.... 1816
1840 1868 1896 1908 1936 |3|6|7|3I5|1|3|6I2|4|7|2
1844 1872 1912" 1940 |1|4|5|1|3|6|1I4|7|2|5|7
1780
1756
l 1820
1 1784 1824
1848 1876 1916 1944 |6|2I3|6|1|4|6|2|5|7|3|5
1852 1880 1920 1948 |4|7|1|4|6|2|4|7|3|5|1|3
1760
1 1788 1828
1856 1884 1924 1952
2I5|6|2|4|7|2|5|1|3|6|1
1
2
3
4
5
6
- 7
Mond
Tnesc
WedD
Thun
Frida
Satur
SUNI
Mond
Tuesc
Wedt
Thun
Frida
Satur
SUNI
Mond
Tuesc
Wedr
Thurf
Frida
Satur
SUNI
Mond
Tuesc
Wedc
Thun
Frida
Satur
SUNI
Mond
Tuest
Wedr
ay ....
lay.....
esday.
iday...
day....
)AY...
ay
ay
esday.
iday. . .
day....
)AY...
ay
ay
esday.
iday. .
Jay".'.;!
>AY...
ay
lay ....
esday.
day...
y
1
2
3
4
6
ti
7
8
9
11
2
3
14
5
ti
7
8
19
JO
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
)
U
Tuesday 1
Wednesday. 2
Thursday... 3
Friday 4
Saturday... 5
SUNDAY... 6
Monday.... 7
Tuesday.... 8
Wednesday. 9
Thursday... 10
Friday ll
Saturday . . .12
SUNDAY.... 13
Monday 14
Tuesday 15
Wednesday.16
Thursday... 17
Friday 18
Saturday.... 19
SUNDAY ...20
Monday 21
Tuesday 22
Wednesday.23
Thursday. . .24
Friday 25
Saturday 26
SUNDAY... 27
Monday 28
Tuesday ....29
Wednesday .30
Thursday... 31
V
T
F
S
S
IV
1
V
T
F
S
S
M
T
V
T
F
S
S
1
1
T
T
t
8
S
X
T
V
T
I
Wednesday. 1
liursday ... 2
riday 3
aturday.... 4
UNDAY... 6
onday 6
uesday .... 7
Wednesday. 8
hursday... 9
rlday 10
aturday.. ..11
UN DAY... 12
onday 13
uesday 14
Wednesday .15
hursday ...16
riday 17
aturday.... 18
DNDAY...19
[onday 20
uesday 21
Wednesday .22
hursday ...23
rlday .24
Thursday... 1
Friday 2
Saturday.... 3
SUNDAY... 4
Monday G
Tuesday .... 6
Wednesday. 7
Thursday ... 8
Friday S
Saturday.... 10
SUNDAY ...11
Monday 12
Tuesday lii
Wednesday.14
Thursday ...15
Friday 16
Saturday.... 17
SUNDAY. ..18
Monday 1
Tuesday 2C
Wednesday .21
Thursday ...22
Friday 23
Saturday.... 24
SUNDAY.... 25
Monday 2f
Tuesday 27
Wednesday .28
Thursday... 29
Friday 30
Saturday.... 31
Frid
Satu
SUN
Mon
Tues
Wed
Thu
Frid
Satu
SUN
Mon
Tuei
Wed
Thu
Frid
Satu
SUIs
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Frid
Satu
SUN
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Frid
Satu
SUN
tty
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
10
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
2t>
27
28
21)
30
31
Saturday.... 1
SUNDAY... 2
Monday 3
Tuesday 4
Wednesday. 5
Thursday... 6
Friday 7
Saturday 8
SUNDAY... 9
Monday 10
Tuesday 11
Wednesday. 12
Thursday. ...13
Friday 14
Saturday.... 15
SUNDAY ...16
Monday 17
Tuesday.... 18
Wednesday. 19
Thursday... 20
Friday 21
Saturday.... 22
SUN DAY ...23
Monday 24
Tuesday 25
Wednesday.2ti
Thursday ...27
Friday 28
Saturday 29
SUNDAY.. ..30
Monday 31
SUNDAY... 1
Monday 2
Tuesday 3
Wednesday. 4
Thursday... 6
Friday 6
Saturday.... 7
SUNDAY... 8
Monday 9
Tuesday 10
Wednesday.il
Thursday ...12
Friday 13
Saturday.... 14
SUNDAY ...15
Monday 16
Tuesday 17
Wednesday.18
Thursday ...19
Friday 20
Saturday.... 21
SUNDAY. ..22
Monday 23
Tuesday ....24
Wednesday .25
Thursday... 26
Friday 27
Saturday ...28
SUNDAY ...29
Monday 30
Tuesday 31
rday....
DAY...
day
day....
nesday.
rsday...
ay
rday....
DAY...
day
iday
nesday.
rsday...
ay
rday....
DAY...
day
iday
nesday.
rsday...
ay
rday....
DAY...
day
sday
nesday.
rsday...
ay
rday.. . .
DAY...
aturday 25
UNDAY...26
onday 27
uesday 28
fednesday.29
hursday... 30
riday 31
day...
)AY...
ay....
lay....
esday.
NOTE To ascertain any day of the week first
took in the table for the year required and under
tlie months are figures which refer to the corre-
sponding figures at the head of the columns of
days below. For example: To know on what
day of the week July 4 was in the year 1895, in the
table of years look for 1895, and In a parallel
line, under July, is figure 1, which directs to
column 1, in which it will be seen that July 4
falls on Thursday.
*1752 same as 1772 from Jan. 1 to Sept. 2. From
Sept. 14 to Dec. 31 same as 1780 (Sept. 3-13 were
omitted). This Calendar is from Whitaker's Lon-
don Almanack, with some revisions.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
THE PLANETS.
MERCURY (B) will be brightest:
(a) As an evening star April 1-10 and Dec. 4-10
setting about In. 15m. after the sun, being at
greatest angular distance east of the sun April
14 (19) and Dec. 7 (21). At the April date he
will be in X directly south of Alpha Arietis and
the- lire of stars in the horn of the Ram, and
in December in ? near the end of the handle
of the milkmaid's dipper. On April 10 b will be
4 south of 8 and on Sept. 24 B will be
6 north of 9.
(b) As a morning star Feb. 1-6 and Sept. 23-30,
rising about Ih. 15m. before the sun, being at
greatest angular distance west of the sun Feb. 2
(25) and Sept. 25 (18). When brightest in Feb-
* ruary the milkmaid's dipper in ;* will be about
10 west of him, and In September the Sickle In
fi will be about 15 degrees west of him. The
absence oi the moon on the" February and Sep-
tember periods will render those dates still more
favorable.
VENUS (9), the "queen of beauty," and whose
sign is a looking glass, will be a most attractive
celestial object nearly all of the year. Twice she
will be at fcer very brightest first, Aug. 8-12, as
an evening star, and again after passing between
the earth and sun (inferior conjunction) as a morn-
ing star, Oct. 21-25. (See Table of the Planets and
Chart of Visibility of the Planets.) Venus not
only attains a greater degree of brilliancy than
any of the other planets, but at such times, and
for about 'a month before and after, she will show
a large crescent phase like the moon between new
and the quarters. At the October date she will
shine with unusual splendor, in the absence of the
moon, and will cast a distinct shadow. While the
annexed figure shows all the various phases through
which the planet passes, the telescope shows the
boundaries away from the sun to be irregular.
The light will blend off and the margins will be
more or less jagge'd, owing to the refraction of the
sunlight in the planet's atmosphere and the irreg-
ularities of her surface, mountains, etc. The dis-
covery of theso phases was the work of the first
telescope in the hands of Galileo, though their
existence was believed earlier.
Towards the Sun
N
of
oo
Venus
As seen In the morning
west of sun.
As seen in the evening
east of sun.
Explanation :
A Fifteen <iays before superior conjunction or
June 20, 1912.
B At greatest elongation (angular distance) west
of the sun, Nov. 26, 1911.
O When brightest as a morning star, Oct. 21-25,
1911.
D Just after inferior conjunction, Sept. 20, 1911.
15 Fifteen days after superior conjunction, or July
20. 1912.
F At greatest eloi-gation east of the sun, July 7,
19H.
G When brightest as an evening star, Aug. 8-12,
1911.
H Just before inferior conjunction, Sept. 10, 1911.
In following tho course of the planets the reader
will do well to use the other aids in this almanac
"Chart of the Heavens." "Table of the Rising,
Southing and Setting of the Planets," etc. Locate
the planets In the zodiac on the chart and then
follow them in their course past the stars, noting
when they are in conjunction with the moon, stars
or other planets.
ITINERARY OF THE PRINCIPAL PLANETS.
At the beginning of the year 9 will be found
5 north oi milkmaid's dipper in * ; Jan.
11 just south of the brightest star in -6 and on
the boundary between ? and *; cf 3 Feb. 1, 9
3 37' north; Feb. 8 in - 10 south of the i on the
equator of the heavens; Feb. 26 on the prime
meridian OL the heavens 15 south of the square
of Pegasus; cr 3 March 2, 9 2 2' north; enters
K March 26-29; April 1, O 1 3, 9 14' north and
occ-.ilted; April 15 5 south of the Pleiades; April
26, 7 north of Aldebaran, the lucida of the
Hyades; May 1, o- 3, 9 1 29' south; May 7,
in "astern w and due north of Orion's belt 24;
May 15 in line northward with the bright stars
in the feet of the twins (v.) with the brightest
star of tho heavens (Slrius) due south of her
about 40". Note that an immense diamond is
formed by Venus on the north, Sirius on the south,
Betelguese on the west and Procyou on the east
a most striking figure in the evening skies west
of the meridian. May 29-30 between Castor and
Pollux in K 011 the north and Procvon on the
south, but nearest the former and 3 north of
<V: June 12-13 in on northern edge of the group
or dim stars called Praesepe; June 29 rf 3, 9
3 40'; July 5-6 less than 1 north of Regulus
In the end of the handle of the Sickle; brightest
Ang. 8-12 when about 15 east of Regulus near
the middle of where she soon becomes station-
ary with respect to the stars and then begins to
move back westward, or retrogrades. She may be
seen in the daytime in July and August by know-
ing just where to look for her. Becomes invisible
early in September, being at inferior conjunction
Sept. 15. When next seen she will appear in the
east in the morning, west of the sun; <t B, Sept.
24, being 10" south of a ; stationary again early
in October in eastern O; occulted by 3 Nov. 16;
advances past the stars of up, passing about 4
north of Spica the last of November and through
the square of = the last of December.
MARS (<?) will be brightest as an evening star
Nov. 24-25, being a morning star until Aug. 8 and
afterward an evening star to the end of the
year. At the beginning of the year he will be in
m.low in the east at dawn and! about 5 north of
Antares; rf 3 Jan. 26; Feb 1. 3 north of the
milkmaid's dipper in ^; d 3 Feb. 24, rf v
March 11; March 15 in about 5 south of
the bright stars in the head of the goat; <f I
March 25; last of April in - 10 south of the
A ; o" 3 April 23 and May 22; June 1 on first me-
ridian of the heavens; a 3 20th. On the 15th of
July he will be about 10 south of the bright:
stars in T; Aug. 8 at western a and rf b Aug.
16; last of August 8" south of Pleiades; last of
September close to and north of the Hyades. Sta-
tionary middle of October in V, retrogrades very
slowly back to the Pleiades *Dec. 1, being at f
Nov. 26, when he will rise at sunset, pass the
meridian at midnight and set at sunrise, being
then and for some time before and after that date
an all-night star.
Several new canals were discovered on Mars in
190S. evidently the works of the Martians within
the past few years; snow storms were also ob-
served on Mars by Prof. Lowell of Flagstaff,
Ariz.
JUPITER (a) v:ll be at f April 30, when he
will be brightest and an evening and all-night
etar. Inasmuch as a requires twelve of our years
in which to make a revolution about the sun and
pass all the stir.s of the zodiac his movement
from time to time will be very slight as 'compare-.!
to that of the planets whose orbits are interior to
his. as he traverses only one sign in a year. He is
still in * and during the first days of February
he will be very close (1 north) to the brightest
star in that constellation Alpha Librae, situated
on the ecliptic and being the southwest star of the
square of Libra. The last of November he will
pass out of and east of the square and at the
close of the year be about 8 east of its 'eastern-
most star. (See Tables of Occupations, Con June-
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
tions. etc.) Of the seven satellites known to be-
long to Jupiter or.ly four can be easily seen by
the aid of small glasses. Those satellites do not
undergo the same changes in brilliancy that our
moon does owing to the fact that a is a semi-
sun and his moons are supplied in part by him-
self, while our moon borrows her entire supply
of light from the sun. (See the following tables.)
SATURN (b), will be brightest Nov. 9 as an
evening and all-night star, and will be very bright
for a considerable time before and after that
time. Inasmuch as two and one-half years are
required foi- him to pass through one sign or con-
stellation it is evident we can scarcely detect any
charge In position with respect to the stars from
month to month. He is in T. Of his large fam-
ily of satellites ten in all only one (Titan), is
ordinarily visible with a three-inch telescope, but
the wonderful ring system is always visible in
such an instrument except when the earth is
crossing their plane, every fifteen years. Eash
year, however, the earth attains a maximum ele-
vation above thei? plane and at such times the
ring system is best observed. This occurs in
August, about the time of the western quadrature
of b . From August on he will be only a few de-
grees west of the Pleiades and Hyades,
URANUS (8) will be brightest July 20 and will
not be near any bright or conspicuous star. Per-
haps the best time for an amateur to locate this
planet will be at its close conjunction with <?
March 11, when 6 will be seen for several 'days
only one-third of a degree (or about one-half the
moon's apparent dit meter) north of d 1 . To see this
planet with the unaided eye is a test of good eye-
sight.
NEPTUNE (<r)i the outermost known of our
planetary family, will be brightest Jan. 11, in H,
a few degrees south of Castor and Pollux. It Is
stated that a good opera or Held glass will show
V at the time of <? or when brightest, provided
one knows just where to look. Look for it on a
line from Castor to Proeyon and nearly midway
between those stars with a fine cluster of dim
stars just to the west.
MORNING STARS WEST OF SUN.
MERCURY See "Planets Brightest."
VENUS, until S>;pt. 14.
MARS, until Aug. 8.
JUPITER, until Feb. 3 and after Nov. 18.
SATURN, from May 1 to Aug. 13.
EVENING STARS EAST OF SUN.
MERCURY See "Planets Brightest."
VENUS, after Sept. 14.
MARS, after Aug. 8.
JUPITER, from Feb. 3 to Nov. 18.
SATURN, until May 1 end 1 after Aug. 13.
PLANETS BRIGHTEST.
MERiOUUY (B), Feb. 1-5 and Sept. 23-30 as a
morning star, rising about Ih. 15m. before the
snn; also April 1-10 and Dec 4-10 as an evening
star, setting Ih. 15m. after the sun.
VENUS (9), Aug. 8-12 as an evening star and
Oct. 21-25 as a morning star.
MARS (<?). Nov. 24 25, all night.
JUPITBR. (a), April 30. all night.
SATURN (b). Nov. 9, all night.
URANUS (8). July 20, all night.
NEPTUNE (V), Jan. 11, all night.
MERIDIAN PASSAGE, RISING AND SETTING OF TEE PLANETS.
Mean time. All p. m. figures are in black type.
MONTH.
DAY.
VENUS 9
MARS <?
JUPITER a
SATURN b
In
Merid-
ian.
South-
ern
states.
North-
ern
states.
In
Merid-
ian.
South-
ern
states.
North-
ern
states.
In
Merid-
ian.
South-
ern
states.
North-
ern
states.
In
Merid-
ian.
South-
ern
states.
North-
ern
states .
jan. i..
H. M
041
56
1 08
1 19
1 27
1 33
1 38
1 43
1 49
1 57
2 05
2 15
2 27
2 39
2 50
3 01
3 09
3 12
3 13
3 09
3 01
2 45
2 24
1 52
1 03
05
11 05
10 14
937
9 14
858
8 50
8 47
8 46
8 48
8 52
8 58
Sets.
H. M.
5 44
6 05
6 25
6 47
7 06
7 24
7 38
7 56
8 13
8 33
8 51
9 10
9 28
944
9 53
10 01
10 01
9 56
9 48
931
9 16
8 49
8 19
7 32
Invi
(finf.o-
Uises.
4 13
3 32
3 08
2 55
2 50
2 53
3 01
3 11
3 23
3 36
Sets.
H. M.
6 15
5 39
6 03
6 30
6 56
7 15
7 38
8 01
8 26
8 51
9 13
9 37
9 59
10 16
10 25
10 31
10 28
10 17
1005
9 42
9 24
8 51
8 17
7 37
sible
15th
Rises.
4 13
3 31
3 05
2 53
2 50
2 58
3 08
3 23
3 39
3 58
H. M.
9 46
9 38
9 29
9 20
9 12
904
8 58
8 50
842
831
8 22
8 12
8 01
7 50
7 38
7 24
7 11
6 59
6 45
6 31
6 17
6 00
5 45
5 28
507
4 46
4 22
3 54
3 21
2 43
1 54
1 03 ,
08
11 07
10 16
9 29
8 48
Rises.
H. M.
4 38
4 34
4 26
4 19
4 11
401
3 54
3 42
3 30
3 14
300
2 44
2 27
2 09
1 51
1 29
1 11
OS2
30
11
11 53
11 31
11 12
10 51
10 26
10 02
9 36
9 07
8 32
7 54
706
6 14
Sets.
6 05
5 13
4 24
3 43
Rises.
H. M.
5 05
503
4 57
4 50
4 42
431
4 93
4 08
3 55
3 36
3 19
3 00
2 40
2 19
1 57
1 32
1 10
049
23
01
11 41
11 16
10 56
10 30
10 04
9 39
9 12
8 42
8 05
7 27
6 38
5 47
Sets.
6 31
5 39
4 50
4 09
H. M.
7 50
7 16
6 42
6 03
5 26
449
4 18
3 38
2 57
2 10
1 27
43
11 55
11 10
10 26
9 39
8 57
8 15
7 35
6 56
6 19
5 38
5 03
4 29
3 51
3 18
2 45
2 14
1 42
1 11
38
07
11 37
11 07
10 36
10 06
9 35
Rises.
H. M.
221
1 48
1 16
38
001
11 29
10 58
10 17
9 36
8 48
8 05
7 19
Sets.
443
4 01
3 14
2 33
1 51
1 11
32
11 50
11 09
10 33
9 58
9 19
8 44
8 09
7 37
7 04
6 31
Invi
d G
Rises.
5 53
5 23
4 54
424
Rises.
H. M.
238
2 06
1 32
55
18
11 46
11 15
10 34
9 53
9 05
8 25
7 36
Sets.
428
3 46
3 00
2 19
1 37
57
18
11 36
10 54
10 18
9 42
9 02
8 24
7 52
7 19
6 45
6 11
sible.
18th
Rises.
6 16
5 48
5 16
4 49
H. M.
7 12
6 33
5 55
5 13
4 36
4 01
3 31
2 55
2 20
1 42
1 07
33
11 59
11 24
10 50
10 12
9 37
9 02
8 27
7 51
7 15
6 34
5 57
5 22
4 36
3 56
3 16
2 35
1 54
1 12
25
11 39
10 56
10 14
9 32
8 51
8 10
Sets.
H. M.
1 37
58
17
11 35
10 59
10 24
9 55
9 20
8 46
8 09
7 36
Invi
<t
Rises.
4 53
3 39
3 03
2 28
1 52
1 15
39
002
11 24
10 49
10 03
9 23
8 44
8 03
7 22
6 41
5 45
Sets.
5 34
4 51
409
3 28
2 45
Seta.
H. M.
1 47
1 08
027
11 46
11 10
10 36
10 07
9 32
9 05
8 22
7 50
sible.
1st
Rises
4 38
3 23
2 46
2 11
1 35
58
21
11 44
11 06
1031
9 45
9 05
8 26
7 45
705
6 24
5 34
Sets.
5 50
508
425
3 44
301
21
Keb. 1
11
21
Men. 1
11
21
April 1
21...
May 1. .
it:.
21
Jl
21
July 1 ..
juiy i i...
21
11 ::
21
Sept. 1...
it::
21
Oct 1...
it:::::::::::
21
Nov. 1
11
21
Dec. 1
11
21
31
NUMBER OF THE STARS.
According to tl'.e best astronomers the number
of stars that can be seen by a person of average
eyesight Is only about 7.000. The number visible
through the telescope has been estimated by J. E.
Gore at 70,000,000 and by Profs. Newcomb and
Young at 100.000,000.
24
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
CHART OF THE HEAVENS.
Scale of Magnitudes.
EXPLANATION The chart of the heavens
shows all the bright stars and groups visible In
the United States. Canada. Mexico, Cuba and
Hawaii. Stars of the third magnitude are some-
times shown in order to complete a figure.
If a bright uncharted body be seen near the
"ecliptic circle" it must be a planet. To locate
the planets or moon, refer to the tables "posi-
tion of planets" and "moon's place" In the
almanac pages, find the proper signs on the chart
on the "ecliptic circle" and an inspection of that
part of the heavens, comparing with the chart,
will serve to identify the planet and all the sur-
rounding objects.
Because of the earth's motion from west to
east (opposite to the direction of the arrow in the
chart), the stars rise 4m. earlier each day or 30m.
per week, or 2h. a month. The chart shows the
position at 9 p. m. Then If the position for any
other hour be desired, as for 7 p. m., count back
one month, or ahead one month for 11 p. m., and
so on for any hour of the night.
A circle described from the zenith on the
"zenith circle" for the desired latitude with a
radius of 90 (see graduated meridian) will show
what stars are above the horizon. Thus Capella
is near the overhead (zenith) point on latitude 40
north Jan. 15. 9 p. m., as will be Algenib in the
handle of the Big Dipper at 3 a. m. Then from
Capella or Algenib all the surrounding visible
groups can be identified. The "pointers" being 5
apart and always In sight may be used as a conven-
ient unit of measure; also when visible the Belt of
Orion. 3, or the sides of the square of Pegasus.
The observer is always supposed to stand under
the overhead point and to face south and north
alternately.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
25
VISIBILITY OF THE PRINCIPAL PLANETS, 1911.
Date
Q Ve n u s
CC Mars
T/ Ju
pitcr
Ij Saturn
Eve.
Star
Morn,
Star
Eve.
Star
Morn.
Star
Eve.
Star
Morn.
Star
Eve.
Star
Morn.
Star
Jan. ..
i
v ;
J
1
\
!
i? ?|
:: i
*::
j
|
S
i
Feb. 1"
21
a
si
|
i
a
>
:
r
-r
f
.
-_>
?
-}
p
1
\
Mch. i "
21
in
w
.:-:
VJ
i
tn
: :
|
1
tvi
llt
^
tii
?
1 |
T
SB
X
j;
1
X
|
7*
1
Apr. I"
21
*-
,;st :
**
H
I'-
1
]
\
P
8
tt
u
ll
a
i
Vi
::-.* :::.;
o
O
B
ri
?f
it
gi
t
|
4
n>
f]
5
|
i |
1
May 11
' 21
i
1
tn 1
^
n
2
1
Ul
"
5
\
|
....
1
1
5
1
\
1
June H
I
\
/
*7
u.
1
1
1
/
.
irt
1
I
1
/
\
if
i
July "1
* 21
1
(
-.
.:':'.
::: :,.':
G
i
ffl
|
u-
I
?.EA
r
\
/
t.
a
:
O
:*;;
1
\
i i
Aug.n
8
?ipht<
~
z
1
.
>st
W.
/
I
1
~t
w
\
3
ffl
W,
D,
: -/i-.
\
1
l/>
<
|
y-
Sept."]
;\
>S
.>
s.
/
|
w
|
j
-
k
'.::-
Ul
\
HI
:
'
ii
if
i
/I
s
t>
e
-
,
x
\
/
II
Oct. 1 1
21
V
i
i~
\
|
/
V'
/
1
\
/
V T
B
#
tt
IS
t
Y
te
\
U.
z
I
Nov. ' '
'
/
\
t>
3
U
3
\
1
?
In
v
is
it>
r
'
f
B
ri
B
11
e
51
&
-
G
r.
k
7.
W
/
B
ri
R
11
e:
5t
H
\
i
i
Dec. J!
31
f
\
/
1
s
111
r
- j :
II:-
i
/
a
1
Z:
V
/ :
1
">
/
9
1
!
/
i;
\
I
3
Y""l>
S
/
EXAMPLES Venus will be east of the sun, an
evening star, and increasing her angular distance
from the sun until July 7, and will be brightest
Aug. 10, when much nearer the sun After this
she approaches the sun and decreases In bright-
ness to Invisibility Sept. 15, when at inferior
conjunction, or exactly between the earth and
sun. She reappears, shortly after her conjunc-
tion, west of the sun as a morning star and again
widens her distance from the sun until Nov. 26,
being brightest Oct. 22. Thus It will be seen that
ehe may bo at her brightest twice in one year,
but never when farthest from the sun as In the
case of the superior planets.
Mars starts in the year as a morning star and
gradually grows in brightness as he recedes from
the sun until Nov. 25, when he will be at oppo-
sition, or 180 from the sun, rising at sunset and
shining all night. He will begin to be seen in
the evening hours Aug. 9, and by about Dec. 1 he
may very properly be called an "all-night star,"
appearing equally in the evening and morning hours.
Name.
Sun
FACTS ABOUT THE
Dlam- Distance Period
eter. from of rev.
Miles. sun. Miles. Days.
.866,400
Mercury 8^030 36,000,000
Venus 7.700 67,200,000 225
Earth 7,918 92,900,000 365
Mars 4,230 141,500,000 687
Jupiter 86,500 483,300,000 4,333
Saturn 73,000 886,000,000 10,759
Uranus 31,900 1,781,900,000 30,687
Neptune 34,800 2,791,600,000 60,181
The sun's surface Is 12,000 and its volume
1,300.000 times that of the earth, but the mass
Is only 332,000 times as great and Its density
about one-quarter that of the earth. The force
of gravity at the surface of the sun Is twenty-
seven times greater than that at the surface of
the earth. The sun rotates on Its axis once In
25.3 days at the equator, but the time Is longer
at the higher latitudes, from which fact It Is
presumed that the sun Is not solid, at least as
to Its surface.
THE EARTH AND THE MOON.
Earth The equatorial diameter of the earth Is
SUN AND PLANETS.
7,926.5 miles and the polar diameter 7,899.5 miles;
equatorial circumference, 25,000. The linear ve-
locity of the rotation of the earth on its ails
at the equator is 24,840 miles a day, or 1,440
feet a second; Its velocity in Its orbit around the
sun is approximately nineteen miles per second,
the length of the orbit being about 560,000,000
miles. The superficial area of the earth accord-
Ing to Encke, the astronomer, is 197,108,580 square
miles, of which two-thirds Is water and one-
third land. The planetary mass Is about 256,-
000.000 cubic miles.
Moon The moon has a diameter of 2,162 miles,
a circumference of about 6,800 miles and a sur-
face area of 14,685,000 square miles. Her mean
distance from the earth is 23S.840 miles. The vol-
ume of the moon Is about l-49th that of the earth
and the density about 3 2-5 that of water. The
time from new moon to new moon is 29 days 12
hours 44.05 minutes. The moon has no atmos-
phere and no water and Is a dead world.
VELOCITY OP LIGHT.
Light travels at the rate of 186,300 miles per
second. It requires 8 minutes and 8 seconds for
light to come from the sun to the earth.
26
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOE 1911.
PLANETARY CONJUNCTIONS OR NEAR APPROACHES.
1
WITH OTHER PLANETS
and 6 January 4
AS
FOLLOWS:
Dist. apart
Dfg. Mm.
B 1 58 N
and 9 January 5
..B
2
50
N
9
and 6 Januarys
...9
41
S
rf
and 8 March 11
...<f
(1
23
S
g
and b March 29
..9
I
25
N
B
and b April 10
..B
4
41
N
U
and b May 28
...B
1
35
S
9
and 7 May 29
...9
1
51)
N
rf
and b August 16
..d 1
II
21
N
add 9 September 24
9
26
JS
WITH THE MOON
AS
FOLLOWS:
Wash
time. Dist.
apart
b
January 9
(1
4
a.
m.
1
(M
S
a
Jan nary 23
II
411
a.
m.
57
N
t
J anuary 26
5
2t;
P-
m. '
I
B
N
9
January 81
. 9
55
a. m. 3
3V
M
b
Februarys
7
35
a.
m.
1
U
S
9}
February lit
1
lit;
P-
m.
1
81
N
d 1
February 24
ft
U2
P-
in.
1
35
N
9
March 2
(1
4 ( )
P-
m.
2
211
N
b
March 4
ft
14
P-
m.
1
B
S
a
March 18
IN)
P-
m.
1
47
N
March 25
. (i
55
P-
m.
4
15
JS
b
April 1
ti
IK;
a.
m.
1
58
S
9
April 1
II
K
P-
m.
14
N
Tt
April 14
11
58
P-
m.
1
41
N
April 23
8
(tt
P-
m.
3
M
N
b
April 28
9
38
P.
in.
1
17
8
9
May 1
8
(12
a.
m.
1
21)
8
a
May 11
II
44
p.
m,
1
1!)
N
rf 1
May 22
K
4(>
p-
m.
1
1!)
N
b
May 2ti
2
07
p-
m.
1
88
H
9
May 30
11
41
P-
m.
2
B
91
June 7
11
58
p.
m,
1
00
N
rf
June 20
7
36
p.
m.
(1
9
N
b
June 23
5
30
a.
m.
8
IK
S
9
June 29
11
.')!)
a.
m.
3
4U
8
Tt
July 5...
. 4
13
n
m.
1
n
N
if
July 19
23
p
m.
2
0(1
S
b
July 20
ti
(l:i
P-
m.
8
in
8
9
July 28
4
10
P-
m.
6
47
S
a
August 1.:
. 2
02
P-
m.
1
13
N
b
August 17
54
u.
m.
4
n
S
4
August 17
. 3
(13
n
m.
3
41
S
9
August 25
ti
43
P-
m.
1(1
23
H
a
August 29
4
52
a
m.
1
41
N
b
d 1
September 13
September 14
, 8
7
If.)
31
a. m.
a. m.
4
4
a
82
Wash. time. Diat. apart
Ueg. Mm.
9 September 21. 6 03 a.m. 13 14 8
a September 25 10 57 p.m.
b October 10 1 20 p.m.
October 12 44 a.m.
9 October 18 1 33 p.m.
2 11 N
4 27 8
4 21 8
39 S
a October 23 '6 23 p.m. 2 4fl N
Novembers 7 03 p. m.
Novembers 3 42 a.m.
4 18 8
2 53 S
. November 16 1 50 p. m. 1 13 _
a November 20 1 89 p. m. 3 07 N
b December 4 2 30 a, m. 4 05 S
d 1 December 4 10 47 p. m. 50 8
9 December 16 9 50 a. m. 3 39 N
a December 18 7 51 a. m. 8 35 N
b December 31 10 50 a. m. 4 01 S
d 1 January 1, 19i2 3 02 a. m. 01 S
NOTE The distance apart is between centers as
seen from center of earth. It should be borne in mind
that the bodies are not always nearest when in d, but
the above data will enable the absolute identification
of these planets on or near these dates and when the
d occurs in the daytime. The planets 8 , 6 and v
are ignored in this connection as usually the 3's light
will render the last two invisible and generally 8 will
be too near the sun to be seen.
PLANETARY CONFIGURATIONS.
Jan. 11.. W <P O
Jan. 16..
Jan. 20..
Feb. 3...
April 30.
Mayl...
July 21..
July 29. .
D b o Eastern
D a O Western
D a O Eastern
Aug. 8.... D d 1 o Western
Aug. 13... a b o "
Aug. 16... cT d 1 b
Sept. 15.. a 1 o Inferior.
Nov. 10 . . <p b o
Nov. 18... a 1 a o
Nov. 24... f c? O
Nov. 26.. . 9 gr. el. W, Of O
OCCULTATIONS.
Limits between
Januarys 9 b at midnight 90+ and 19+
January 23 3 at midnight 20 and 90
Februarys b 7 34 a.m. 904- and 43+
July 5 a 4 13 a.m. 18 and 90
August 1 a 2 02 p. m. 45 and 90
November 16 9 1 50 p. m. 88+ and 80+
December4 <? 10 47 p.m. 90+ and 13+
January 1, 1912 e? 3 01 a.m. 45+ and 31
NOTE The occultation will only be visible within
the given parallels of latitude when both the planet
and moon are above the horizon after dark at the
time of cf in H. A. given. See table of cf with 3 for
the distance apart of centers.
SITUATION OF THE PLANETS TOR THE SUNDAYo: ALSO MOON'S POSITION TOR THE YEAR
Jan.
Feb.
Mch.
April
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Venus
D.Con.
1 f
D.Con.
5 *
D.Con.
6 K
D.Con.
2 T
D.Con.
7
D.Con.
4 H
D.Con
2 8
D.Con.
6 fi
D.Con.
3 ft
D.Con.
1 O
D. Con.
5 ft
D.Con.
3
Mars
8 m
12 if
12 if
9 *
14 -
11 K
9 K
13 T
10 V
8 V
12 V
10 T
15 ~
19 -
19 ~
16 -
21 *
18 -
16 -
20 =
17 =
15 -
19 -
17 8
Saturn
22 T
26 T
26 T
**H T
28 T
25 T
23 T
27 T
24 T
22 T
26 T
-'4 T
Uranus
f
30 *
30 if
29 if
31 ?
12
9
6
2-30
28
25
24
21
17
12
i
K
3 Apogee
24
21
21
18
15
11
8
I
2-29
27
24
21
3 Highest (o)
3 Lowest (w)
3 at w
13
26
23
9
23
19
8
22
18
5
18
15
2-29
16
12
26
12
8
22
9
5
19
6
1-28
18
S
25
12
2-27
22
9
23
18
6t
21
15
3 at a
10
6
5
1-29
26
22
20
16
12
9
5
3-30
3on Equator
6-19
3-16
3-15-30
12-26
9-23
5-20
3-17-30
13-26
9-23
6-19
3-16
1-13-28
Moon lowest of the year June 11. tMoon highest of the year December 5.
Explanation of signs: TAries. tf Taurus, w Gemini. Cancer. ft Leo. TJ> Virgo. = Libra. mScorplo
* Sagittarius. Capricornus. -Aquarius. xPisces. The place indicated for the planets is for the 1st, 2d
d, 4th and 5th Sundays of each month, in the order of the planets.
NOTE The moon will run "high" from "lowest"
to "highest," and run "low" from "highest" to
"lowest." The full moon will be highest of the
year nt meridian passage Dec. 16 and lowest June
22. She will begin to run lower March 21 and de-
crensc in altitude until June 22 and then increase
(run higher) until Dec. 21, after which she will
gradually get lower until June 22. This is be-
cause the full moon must always be on the oppo-
site side of the earth from the sun, and hence
when the sun is lowest In declination the moon
must be highest and when the sun is highest the
moon must be lowest. The inclination of the
earth's axis to the plane of the ecliptic (sun's
apparent path) being 23% and that of the moon
being 5 to the ecliptic it follows that the total
swing from highest to lowest must be (23Vj-i5)
X2=57,
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
27
THE BRIGHTEST STARS.
NAME.
Constellation OT group.
Magni-
tude.
Bight
ascension.
Siderial
time.
H. M.
Declina-
tion.
Deg. Mln.
For
meridian
passage.
.Mn. time.
H. M.
For rising
& setting.
Mn. time
Lat.40. .
H. M.
2.1
01
4-28 36
03
7 52
Caph
Cassiopeia
2.4
04
-j-58 40
04
2 8
(9
4-14 41
08
6 51
Alpha
Pheenix
3.0
21
43 19
21
2 25*
Schedir
2.3
35
+56 30
35
Diphda
2 2
39
18 39
38
4 53
Gamma
Cassiopeia
2.3
51
J60 14
60
Mirach
Andromeda
2.2
1 05
35 09
1 04
8 29
Caph (Polaris)
Ursa Minor
2.2
1 27
88 50
1 24
0.4
1 34
57 41
1 34
*
2 8
1 00
-4-20 22
1 49
7 14
Almaach
Humul
Andromeda
Aries
2.2
2.1
1 58
2 02
4-41 54
4-23 03
1 57
2 01
9 21
7 26
Mira
2.1
2 14
- 3 26
2 13
5 48
2 6
2 58
4- 3 44
2 56
6 13
Algol
Perseus
2.6
3 02
+40 37
3 00
9 10
Maf ak
Perseus
1.9
3 18
--49 33
3 18
Alcyone
Taurus (bull;
3.1
3 42
--23 50
3 41
7 29
1.0
4 31
--16 20
4 29
6 68
Capella
Auriga
0.1
5 10
--45 55
5 09
10 14
Kigel
Orion
3
5 10
8 18
5 09
5 31
Bl Nath
Taurus
1.8
5 21
+28 32
5 19
7 52
Mintaka
Orion
2.3
5 27
22
5 26
5 59
AlNilam
Orion,
1.8
5 32
1 15
5 30
5 56
Phtet ....
2.7
5 36
34 08
5 35
3 37*
Salph
Orion
2.3
5 43
9 42
5 42
5 26
Betelgeuse
Orion
0.9
5 50
+ 7 24
5 49
6 26
Menkalina
2.0
5 53
4-44 56
5 51
9 53
0.8
6 22
52 39
6 21
*
Al Hena
Gemini (twins)
2.0
6 33
+16 29
6 31
6 59
Sirius
Canis Major
1.4
1.5
6 41
6 55
16 3<i
28 51
6 40
6 54
5 01
4 07
Castor
Gemini...*.
1.9
7 29
+32 05
7 27
8 11
Canis Minor
X).6
7 35
+ 5 27
7 33
6 19
Pollux
Gemini
1.2
7 40
4-28 16
7 38
7 50
Beta
Cancer (crab)
Hydra
3.8
2 1
8 12
9 23
+ 9 28
8 16
8 10
9 21
6 33
5 31
Leo 'lion)
1.3
10 04
+12 25
J 01
6 44
Bia
1.6
10 42
59 13
!0 39
Dubhe
Ursa Major
2.0
10 58
+02 14
ID 5tj
Denebola
Leo
2.2
11 44
4-15 04
ll 42
6 54
Acrux
Southern Cross
0.9
12 22
62 36
] 2 19
*
Beta
Corvus (crow)
2.8
12 30
22 54
12 27
4 35
Splca
1.1
13 20
10 42
13 ig
5 23
Agena
Cen taurus
0.7
13 57
59 56
13 54
*
Arcturus
Bootes
Centaurus
0.2
0.2
14 12
14 33
+19 39
60 28
14 09
1 1 30
7 12
2.9
14 46
15 40
U 43
5 04
Kochab
Ursa Minor
2.2
14 51
+74 31
14 48
Alpecca
Unuk
Northern Crown
Serpent Bearer
2.3
2.7
15 31
15 40
+27 01
+ 6 42
15 28
15 37
7 44
6 23
Ant ares
Rutillcus
Scorpion,
Hercules
1 2
2.8
16 24
16 2ti
-26 14
+21 41
16 20
16 23
4 20
7 20
Ktamin
Dragon
2.5
17 64
+51 30
17 51
Vega
Lyre
0.2
18 34
+38 42
18 30
8 54
Delta
Sagittarius
2.3
18 50
26 25
18 46
4 19
Altair
Eaile
0.9
19 46
+ 8 38
19 43
6 30
3.7
20 13
12 49
20 09
5 65
Deneb
Cygnus (swan)
1.4
20 38
+44 58
20 35
9 56
Alderamin
Cephus
2.6
21 16
+62 13
21 12
Beta..
Kni,
Aquari us
2.9
2 4
21 27
21 40
5 58
+ 9 28
21 23
21 36
5 39
6 33
Alpha
The Crane
1.9
22 33
47 24
21 58
1 21*
Fomalhaut
Markab
Pisces Aust,
Pegasus
1.3
2 5
22 53
23 00
30 06
t!4 44
22 48
22 66
4 00
6 63
Iota
Pisces
4.3
23 53
5 09
23 31
6 17
Explanation By the absolute scale of magnitudes
stats brighter than Aldebnran and Altair are indi-
cated by fractional or negative quantities, thus
Vega 0.2 and Sirius 1.4. As the magnitudes in-
crease the brilliancy decreases, each increase of a
unit being equal to a decrease of ubout two and
one-half in brightness.
To ascertain when any star or constellation will
be on the upper meridian add the number opposite
in the column "For Meridian Passage" to the fig-
ures in the following table "Sidereal Noon," taking
not^ whether such figures be "Morn." or "Eye." If
Morn, and the sum is more than 12h. the result will
be Eve. of s.ime day: if Kve. and tho sum is more
than 12h. the result will be Morn, of the'next day.
Having found the time of meridian passage, for the
rising subtract and for the setting add the numbers
opposite the star in the column headed "For Rising
and Setting" and observe the direction as to Morn,
and Eve. given for the meridian passage. Those
marked ( ) in the last column are clrcumpolar
and do not rise or sot in the latitude of New York
city. Stars having an asterisk (*) in the last col-
umn are only to be seen in the far south and then
when near the meridian, as the vapors of the horizon
will prevent seeing them when they rise or set.
To tell how high from the nearest point of the
horizon a star will be at its meridisn passage,
subtract the star's declination from 90" and if tho
result is less than the latitude of the place of
the observer that star will neither rise nor set,
but is circumpolar, and the difference between that
result and. Hie latitude shows the star's altitude
above the north point of the horizon or below the
southern horizon. Or (90 Dec.) lat., = alt. or
elevation of the star above the nearest point of
28
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOR 1911.
the horizon at meridian passage for stars of south,
dec. Examples :
Sidereal noon. Oct. 30, 9:28 p.m.
Foiualhaut "In Merid." col., 22:48
32:16
Subtract, 24:00
8:16 p.m. of the 31st,
time of merid-
ian passage.
Fomalhaut its. and set. col., 4:00
12:16 = 0:16 a. m. of
Nov. 1, the time
of setting.
Fomalhaut dec... 00 s. 90 30, =60 40, = 20.
Altitude of Fornall-aut in latitude 40 at its me-
ridian passage. To measure celestial distances
with the eye keep in mind that one-third of the
distance from the zenith to the horizon is 30.
For smaller measurements use the "pointers" in
the "hi? dipper/' which are nearly 5 apart a
convenient celestial yardstick because always to
be seen. In the case of a star whoso dec. is such
as to bring it nearer to the zenith than to a
horizon at meridian passage, it will be more con-
venient to use its zenith distance as a means of
locating it. The difference between the latitude
and dec. is this zenith distance. If the dec. is
greater thnn the latitude then such difference is
to be counted northward, otherwise southward
from the zenith.
SIDEREAL NOON OR MERIDIAN PASSAGE OF THE VERNAL EQUINOX.
(For use in connection with the star table. See note under same.)
Jan.
Feb.
March.
April.
May.
June
July.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
1...
H. M.
519
H. M.
3 17
H. M.
1 27
H. M.
11 25
H. M.
9 27
H. M.
7 25
H. M.
5 27
H. M.
3 26
H. M.
1 24
H. M.
11 22
H. M.
9 20
H.M.
7 22
2
5 15
3 13
1 23
11 21
9 23
7 21
5 24
3 22
1 20
11 18
9 16
7 18
3
5 11
3 9
1 19
11 17
9 19
7 18
5 20
3 18
1 16
11 14
9 12
7 14
4
5 7
3 5
1 15
11 13
9 16
7 14
5 16
3 14
1 12
11 10
9 8
7 10
5
5 3
3 2
1 11
11 10
9 12
7 10
5 12
3 10
1 8
11 6
9 4
7 6
6.
59
2 58
1 7
11 6
9 8
7 6
5 8
3 6
1 4
11 2
9
7 2
7 ..
56
2 54
1 4
11 2
9 4
7 2
5 4
3 2
1
10 58
8 56
6 58
8
52
2 50
1
10 58
9
6 58
5
2 58
56
10 54
8 52
6 54
9
48
2 46
56
10 54
8 56
6 54
4 56
2 54
52
10 50
8 48
6 51
10
44
2 42
52
10 50
8 52
6 50
4 52
2 50
48
10 46
8 45
6 47
11
40
2 38
48
10 46
8 48
6 46
4 48
2 46
44
10 42
8 41
6 43
12
36
2 34
44
10 42
8 44
6 42
4 44
2 42
40
10 39
8 37
6 39
13....
32
2 30
40
10 38
8 40
6 38
4 40
2 38
37
10 35
8 33
6 35
14
28
2 26
36
10 34
8 36
6 34
4 36
2 34
33
10 31
8 29
6 31
15
24
2 22
8 32
10 30
8 32
6 30
4 32
2 31
29
10 29
8 25
6 27
16- ..
20
2 18
28
10 26
8 28
6 26
4 28
2 27
25
10 23
8 21
6 23
17....
16
2 14
24
10 22
8 24
6 23
4 25
2 23
21
10 19
8 17
6 19
18
12
2 10
20
10 18
8 20
6 19
4 21
2 19
17
10 15
8 13
6 15
19
g
2 6
16
10 14
8 17
6 15
4 17
2 15
13
10 11
8 9
6 11
20
2 3
12
10 11
8 13
6 11
4 13
2 11
9
10 7
8 5
6 7
21
1 59
9
10 7
8 9
6 7
4 9
2 7
5
10 3
8 1
6 3
</2
3 57
1 55
5
10 3
8 5
6 3
4 5
2 3
11 57
9 59
7 57
5 59
23
3 53
1 51
?1
9 59
8 1
5 59
4 1
1 59
11 53
9 55
7 53
5 65
24
3 49
1 47
57
9 55
7 57
5 55
3 57
1 55
11 49
9 51
7 49
5 52
25
3 45
1 43
11 53
9 51
7 53
5 51
3 53
1 51
11 45
9 47
7 46
5 48
26
3 41
1 39
11 49
9 47
7 49
5 47
3 49
1 47
11 41
9 44
7 42
5 44
27
3 37
1 35
11 45
9 43
7 45
5 43
3 45
1 43
11 38
9 40
7 38
5 40
28
8 33
1 31
11 41
9 39
7 41
5 39
3 41
1 39
11 34
9 36
7 34
5 36
29
3 29
11 37
9 35
7 37
5 35
3 37
1 35
11 30
9 32
7 30
5 32
30
3 25
11 33
9 31
7 33
5 31
3 33
1 32
11 26
9 28
7 26
5 28
31
3 21
11 29
7 29
3 30
1 28
9 24
5 24
Note Full-faced type are p. m. All others are a. m.
THE SIGNS AND CONSTELLATIONS OF THE ZODIAC.
Until recently '.t was taken for granted that the
present relationship between signs and constella-
tions of the zodiac was generally understood, as
all astronomical textbooks mention their disagree-
ment and explain the cause. The numerous letters
of inquiry concerning differences between this data
in this almanac and certain others show the
necessity for this note of explanation.
Thousands of years ago when the zodiac, that
belt of the heavens about 16 in width within
which move the moon and planets, was formed and
divided into twelve parts or seasons called sicns,
each containing certain star groups called constel-
lations, each was given the name of an object or
animal which never did bear any relationship to
the configuration of the stars in that group or
division, but which did or is supposed to have
reference to certain astronomical or other facts.
Thus Libra, =, the scales or balance, comes at
the autumnal equinox when there is an equilibrium
or balance between the length of day and night
the world over. Aquarius, -, the water-bearer,
and whose sign is the Egyptian sign for running
water, comes at the season of greatest rains in
Egypt, and so on.
Since the time when these divisions were made
and named, owing to the precession of the equi-
noxes, resulting from the differing polar and equa-
torial diameters of the earth, the signs have
moved back west nearly a whole division or con-
stellation and where T was the first, x now Is.
Hence, though the. sun now enters the sign T
March 20, it is a month later when he enters the
constellation T. It must be apparent, therefore,
that any supposed influence or relationship which
early astrologers attributed to the position of the
pun, moon or planets when in certain of these
divisions can no long?r exist, as the sign now-
only represents that space or division of the zodiac
where the .controlling constellation was 2,000 or
more years ago, but is not now. Nevertheless
some almanacs still give the signs for the moon's
place, which is very misleading to those who at-
tempt to follow her in her course among the stars.
Hence, this almanac gives the constellation and
discards the aneic nt picture of the disemboweled
man as relics of the age of superstition. The sign
is retained for sun's place in connection with the
seasons and sun's path through the zodiac each
month because of its relationship to the equinoxes
and solstices.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
ECLIPSES IN 1911.
There will be two eclipses this year and botTi
of the sun, as must always be the case where
but two occur. They are as follows:
I. Total April 28, partially visible in the "United
States as a small eclipse upon the sun's southern
limb. The total phase will only be visible in the
southern Pacific ocean and islands. The sun will
get more or less eclipsed throughout Central Amer-
ica, southern Mexico and in eastern United States
east of a line from near Plttsburg, Pa., to near
Matagorda bay, Texas. Washington, D. C., ia on
the northern Atlantic boundary of the area of
visibility. No part of the eclipse will be visible
north of a line from Portland, Ore., through Mil-
waukee and Pittsburg to Washington, D. C.
Therefore the eclipse will be very small in the
western and middle states, west of the above
mentioned line from Pittsburg to Matagorda bay,
being largest in the extreme southwest. More
particularly visible as follows:
The figure shows 1, 2, 3 and 4 digits
Begins.
Chicago 6:10 p. m.
St. Louis 5:43 p. m.
San Diego 3:11 p. m.
Ban Francisco 2:52 p. m.
Los Angeles 3:08 p. m.
Charleston 6:14 p. m.
New Orleans 5:22 p. m.
Birmingham 5:39 p. m.
Raleigh 6:23 p. m.
Little Rock 5:34 p. m.
Ohattanoogi 5:62 p. m.
Louisville 5:56 p. m.
Minneapolis } contact of limbs.
II Annular, Oct. 22, Invisible In America.
eclipsed on the southern limb of the sun.
Size. Correction for
Digits.
0.5
1.5
4.0
Ends.
P:15 p. m.
6:23 p. m.
4:46 p. m.
4:15 p. m.
4:29 p. m.
3.0
3.9
sta.ulard time,
sub. 10m. central
add 1m. central
sub, llm. Pacific
add 10m.
sub. 6m.
Pacific
Pacific
sun sets eclipsed 2.0 at sunset (I) add 20m. eastern
sun sets eclipsed 2.0 at sunset (D) add 20m. central
sun sets eclipsed 2.8 at sunset (D) sub. 13m. central
eun sets eclipsed 1.3 at sunset (I) add 15m. eastern
sun sets eclipsed 3.0 at sunset add 9m. central
sun sets eclipsed 1.7 at sunset (D) sub. 19m. central
sun sets eclipsed 0.9 at sunset (D) sub. 18m. central
(I) indicates increasing at sunset.
(D) Indicates decreasing at sunset.
FIXED AND MOVABLE FEASTS OE CHTTRCH DAYS. 1911.
New Year's day (circum.)..Jan. 1
Conv. of St. Paul Jan. 25
Purification B. V. M Feb. 2
Septuagesima Sunday Feb. 12
St. Valentine Feb. 14
Sexagesima Sunday Feb. 19
Quinquagesima Sunday Feb. 26
Sbrove Tuesday Feb. 28
Ash Wed. (Lent begins).. March 1
Quadragesima Sunday March 5
St. Patrick's day March 17
Annunciation (Lady day) March 25
Mid-Lent Sunday March 26
Palm Sunday April 9
Good Friday. April 14
Easter Sunday April 16
Low Sunday (St. George) April 23
St. Mark April 2&
Philip and Jam?s .May 1
Rogation Sunday May 21
Ascension (Holy) Thursday. May 25
Whitsunday (Pentecost)... June 4
Trinity Sunday June 11
Corpus Chrlstl June IB
Nat. John the Baptist.... June 24
Peter and Paul June 29
Mary Magdalen July 22
St. James July 25
Transfiguration Aug. 6
St. Bartholomew Aug. 24
Exalt. Holy Cross Sept. 14
St. Matthew Sept. 21
Michaelmas Sept 29
St. Luke Oct. IS
Simon and Jude Oct. 28
Halloween Oct. 31
All Saints Nov. 1
Thanksgiving Nov. 30
St. Andrew Nov. 30
Advent Sunday Dec. 3
St. Thomas Dec. 21
Christmas day Dec. 25
St. Stephen Dec. 26
(St. John the Evangelist.. Dec. 27
Holy Innocents Dec. 28
Wednesday,
Saturday
1 f
M
EMBER DAYS.
1st Sunday in Lent March 8. 10, 11
Pentecost Juna 7. , 10
September 14 September 20, 22, 23
December 13 December 20, 22, 23
30
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
TIME AND STANDARDS OF TIME.
Various kinds of time are in use in this coun-
try:
1. Astronomical Time or Mean Solar Time
This la reckoned from noon through the twenty-
four hours of the day and is used mainly by
astronomical observatories and in official astronom-
ical publications. It is the legal time of the
Dominion of Canada, though "standard" and
"mean" time are in general use there as in this
country.
2. Mean Local Time This is the kind that waa
in almost universal use prior to the introduction
of standard time. This time is based upon the
time when the mean sun* crosses the meridian
and the day begins at midnight. When divided
into civil divisions years, months, weeks, days,
etc. it is sometimes called civil time.
3. Standard Time For the convenience of the
railroads and business in general a standard of
time was established by mutual agreement in 1883
and by this calculation trains are now run and
local time is regulated. By this system the
United States, extending from 65 to 125 west
longitude, is divided into four time sections, each
of 15 of longitude, exactly equivalent to one
I'.cur (7% or 30m. on each side of a meridian),
commencing with the 75th meridian. The flrst
or eastern section includes all territory between
the Atlantic coast and an irregular line drawn
from Buffalo to Charleston, S. C.. the latter city
being its southernmost point. The second or cen-
tral section includes all the territory between
this eastern line and another irregular line ex-
tending from Bismarck. N. D.. to the mouth of
the Rio Grande. The third or mountain section
includes all the territory between the last-named
line and nearly the western borders of Idaho,
Nevada and Arizona. The fourth or Pacific sec-
tion includes all the territory of the United States
between the boundary of the mountain section
and the Pacific coast. Inside of each of these
sections standard time is uniform and the time
of each section differs from that next to it by
exactly one hour, as shown on the map.
Owing to the eccentricity of the earth's orbit
and the inclination of the equator to the ecliptic,
the apparent motion of the sun is retarded or
accelerated according to the earth's place in its
orbit. Hence, to take the actual sun as a guide
would necessitate years, days and their subdi-
visions of unequal length. Therefore an imag-
inary or "mean sun" was invented. The differ-
ence between apparent and mean time is called
the "equation of time" and may amount to a
quarter of an hour in twenty-four hours. It la
the difference between the figures in "Sun at
noon mark" column in calendar and twelve hours.
The figures on a correct sun dial give the ap-
parent time.
The following is the table of times, based upon
Canada :
STANDARDS OF TIME.
the meridians used by the United States and
NAME OF TIME.
Degrees.
Central meridian
from Greenwich.
Nearest place.'
60
75
5 hours west
Between New York and Philadelphia
90
106
7 hours west
Denver, Col.
Pacific ....
120
Sitka
135
Tahiti
150
10 hours west
y> degree west of the island of Tahiti.
Hawaiian
157
10 hrs. 31 min. west.
Near center of Molokai.
It is obvious that to express the time of rising
and setting of the sun and moon in standard time
would limit the usefulness of such data to the
single point or place for which it was computed,
while In mean time it is practically correct for
places as widely separated as the width of tbe
continent (see note at bottom of February cal-
endar), and persons having obtained the mean
time by the rising or setting of the sun or moon
may easily ascertain the correct standard time
of any event by making use of the following ta-
ble and map:
To obtain standard time, add
Standard Correc-
or tlon,
City. division. Min.
Albany, N. Y. Eastern. .Sub. 5
Austin, Texas Central.. .Add 31
Baltimore, Md. Eastern. Add 6
Baton Rouge, La. Cent. .Add 4
Bismarck. N. D. Cent. .Add 43
Boston. Mass. Eastern. .Sub. 16
Buffalo, N. Y. Eastern.. Add 16
Burlington, Iowa Cent.. Add "5
Cairo. 111. Central Sub. 3
Charleston, S. C. East.. Add 20
Chicago, 111. Central.... Sub. 10
Cincinnati, O. Central. .Sub. 22
Cleveland, O. Central. ..Sub. 33
Columbia. S. C. Eastern.Add 24
Columbus. O. Central... Sub. 28
Dayton, O. Central Sub. 23
Denver, Col. Mountain.. Add
Des Moines. la. Central. Add 14
Detroit, Mich. Central. .Sub. 28
Dubuque, Iowa Central. .Add 3
Duluth. Minn. Central. .Add 9
Erie, Pa. Central Sub. 39
Evansville. Ind. Central. Sub. 10
Ft. Gibson, Ch. N. Cent. Add 21
Fort Smith. Ark. Cent. .Add 19
Fort Wayne, Ind. Cent. Sub. 20
Galena, 111. Central Add 2
ealveston. Tex. Central. Add 19
r. Haven, Mich. Cent. Sub. 15
STANDARD TIME TABLE,
or subtract the figures given to
Standard Correc-
or tion,
City. division. Min
Harrisburg, Pa. Eastern.Add 7
Houston. Tex. Central. .Add 21
Huntsville. Ala. Cent.. .Sub. 12
Indianapolis, Ind. Cent. .Sub. 16
Jackson, Miss. Central. .Add 1
Jacksonville. Fla. Cent. Sub. 33
Janesville, Wis. Cent. . .Sub. 4
Jefferson City, Mo. Cent. Add 9
Kansas City, Mo. Cent. .Add 19
Keokuk. Iowa Central. ..Add 6
Knoxville, Tenn. Cent. .Sub. 2i
LaCrosse, Wis. Central.. Add 5
Lawrence. Kas. Central. Add 21
Lexington, Ky. Central.. Sub. 23
Little Rock. Ark. Cent.. Add 9
Louisville. Ky. Central.. Sub. 13
Lynchburg, Va. Eastern.Add 17
Memphis, Tenn. Cent... Sub.
Milwaukee, Wis. Cent. ..Sub. 8
Mobile. Ala. Central.... Sub. 8
Montgomery. Ala. Cent.. Sub. 15
Nashville. Tenn. Cent. ..Sub. 13
N. Haven, Conn. East. . Sub. 8
New Orleans. La. Cent. .Add
New York. N. Y. East. Sub. 4
Norfolk. Va. Eastern. .'..Add 5
Ogdensburg, N. Y. East. Add 2
Omaha, Neb. Central Add 21
local time.
Standard Correc-
or tion,
City. division. Min.
Pensacola, Fla. Central. Sub. 11
Philadelphia, Pa. East. .Add 1
Pittsburg. Pa. Eastern.. Add 20
Portland. Me. Eastern. .Sub. 19
Providence. R. I. East.. Sub. 11
Quincy, 111. Central Add 6
Raleigh, N. C. Eastern.. Add 15
Richmond. Va. Eastern.Add 10
Rochester, N. Y. East.. Add 11
Rock Island. 111. Cent. ..Add 3
S. Francisco, Cal. Pac. Add 10
Santa Fe.N.M. Mountain. Add 4
Savannah, Ga. Central. .Sub. 36
Shreveport, La. Central. Add 15
Springfield. 111. Central.. Sub. 2
St. Joseph, Mo. Cent Add 19
St. Louis, Mo. Central.. Add I
St. Paul. Minn. Cent. ..Add 12
Superior City, Wis. Cent. Add 8
Syracuse, N. Y. East. . .Add 5
Toledo. O. Central Sub. 2fl
Trenton. N. J. Eastern. Sub. 1
rtica. N. Y. Eastern Add 1
Washington, D. C. East. Add 8
Wheeling, W. Va. East.. Add 23
Wilmington, Del. East.. Add 2
Wilmington. N. C. East. Add 13
Yankton. S. D. Central. Add 29
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
All the calculations in The Daily News Alma-
nac and Year-Book are based upon mean or clock
time unless otherwise stated. The sun's rising
and setting are for the upper limb, corrected for
parallax and refraction. In the. case of the moon
no correction is needed, as in the sun, for "par-
allax and refraction": with her they are of an
opposite nature and just balance each other. The
figures given, therefore, are for the moon's cen-
ter on a true horizon such as the ocean affords.
The calculations in each of the geographical
divisions of each calendar page will apply witn
sufficient accuracy to all places In the contiguous
North American zones Indicated by the headings
of the divisions.
The heavy dotted lines show the arbitrary (stand-
ard) divisions of time in the United States. The
plus and minus marks on either side of the me-
ridian lines show whether It is necessary to add to
or subtract from the mean time of points east or
west of these lines to arrive at actual standard
time. Example: Chicago is 2% east of the 90th
meridian, therefore Chicago local time 2% x 4
= 10 to be subtracted from mean time to = stand-
ard time, and for Boston standard (eastern) time,
16m. must be subtracted from mean time.
FOREIGN STANDARDS OF TIME.
Central
meridian.
Fast orslow
on
Greenwich.
Central
meridian.
Kastorslovr
on
Greenwich.
Degrees.
135 east
H.M.S.
9 00 00 fast
West Australia
Degrees.
120 east
H. M.
8 00 fast
00000
South Australia
142!^ east
9 30 fast
G4-j_ west
35138.8slow
New Zealand
172)1 east
11 30 fast
8i-(- west
52415 slow
Victoria
Natal
30 east
2 00 00 fast
New South Wales
22% east
1 30 00 fast
Queensland
15 east
1 00 00 fast
J
Egypt
30 east
20000 fast
Eastern Europe
30 east
2 00 fast
'1 n Spain the hours are counted from to 21, avoiding the use of a. m. and p. m.
CALENDAR FOR 1912.
JAN...
FEB...
MAR...
S
14
21
28
M
T
w
T
F
s
APRIL
MAT...
JUNE...
s
7
14
M
>S
M
1
8
15
22
29
T
2
9
1C
23
30
W
8
10
17
24
T
F
5
12
19
2(3
S
<;
Hi
20
27
JULY..
AUG. . .
SEPT..
S
JI
T
W
T
F
s
OCT
S
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T
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F
8
1
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29
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14
21
28
5
12
19
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2
9
10
23
1
8
15
22
29
H
W
20
27
8
10
17
24
2
9
Ifi
2:i
4
11
18
25
'7
14
21
2S
1
8
15
29
2
9
Ifi
:>:;
30
3
10
17
2
31
4
11
18
25
5
12
19
20
(<
i:>
21
2;
1
8
15
'22
29
2
9
10
23
30
3
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24
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4
11
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1
8
15
22
29
5
12
19
20
2
9
IB
M
30
NOV....
fi
13
20
27
il
21
28
1
8
15
22
29
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9
Hi
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30
3
10
17
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31
4
11
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25
1
8
15
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29
1
8
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211
2
9
10
23
80
I
10
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4
11
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25
6
I 1 .'
19
20
t;
13
20
27
7
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2s
B
12
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y,
6
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20
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28
4
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5
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2t;
ti
i;>
20
27
7
14
21
28
DEC....
3
10
17
24
4
11
18
25
5
12
19
20
fi
13
20
27
7
14
21
28
3
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!!
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3
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2i
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6
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28
1
8
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22
21)
2
a
10
23
30
3
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24
31
4
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25
5
12
19
20
ti
13
20
27
7
14
21
28
1
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK EOR 1911.
HALLEY'S COMET.
HaJley's comet, which was first seen on Its recent
approach to the earth by Prof. Max Wolff of
Heidelberg, Germany, Sept. 11, 1909, and was suc-
cessfully photographed by Prof. S. W. Burnham
of the Yerkes observatory at Williams Bay, Wis.,
Sept. 15, 1909, could be seen with ordinary opera
glasses in March, 1910. It was not, however, un-
til the latter part of April that it could be seen
with the naked eye. Prom that time until May
18 it continued to increase in brilliancy and was
a striking object in the heavens during the hours
Immediately preceding sunrise. It was seen a lit-
RALLEY'S COMET AS SEEN MAY 6, 1910.
Prom a photograph taken by Prof. E. E. Barnard
at the Yerkes observatory, Williams Bay, Wis.
Exposure of forty minutes from 2:40 a. in. to 3:20
a. in.
tie north of east In the eastern sky, the head
pointing in the direction of the sun. In the smoke-
obscured atmospheres of large cities like Chicago
and New York the view was not satisfactory
either then or later, except on rare occasions, and
many persons were disappointed at the appearance
of the comet. Elsewhere the sight was a fine one
and was witnessed nightly by thousands in all
parts of the country. Some astronomers were i-
clined to think that the comet had diminished in
size and brilliancy since its appearance seventy-
five years before, but others were of a contrary
opinion.
Much speculation waa indulged in as to what
would happen when the earth passed through tho
comet's tail about May 18 and stories about deadly
cyanogen go.s and showers of meteors caused some
terror among the uninformed. Newspapers print-
ed columns of interviews with astronomers and
other scientists on the subject and the public gen-
erally was deeply interested in the matter. Great
preparations were made at the various observY-
tories for the event, but the results, from a
scientific as well as popular point of view, were
disappointing. Nothing of a startling nature hap-
pened. An auroral display and a few meteors
were reported, but these were not out of the ordi-
nary. Experts differed in their opinions as to just
when the earth passed through the comet's tail,
nnd some of them held that owing to an unexpect-
ed curvature of the tail the earth missed coming
in contact with the gaseous substance altogether.
At the Yerkes observatory the astronomers were
quoted as saying that the tail was much spread
out, causing the earth to occupy about thirty hours
to make the passage through it instead of four or
five hours as originally calculated. At the Lick ob-
eervatory the tail of the comet was seen in the
cast on the morning of the 18th and the same fact
was rej>orted from other points. This was ex-
plained by some on the theory that the length of
the tail and its curvature caused it to extend
aronnd the globe, making the end visible in the
eastern sky while the head and other end were
in the west.
For some days after the transit the tail seemed
1o have disappeared partly if not wholly, but it
soon reappeared and in the latter days of May and
the first part of June the comet and its appendage
were clearly visible in the western sky just after
sunset. In some localities where the atmosphere
was clear the spectacle was even more striking
than that presented when the comet was seen in
the eastern sky. The orbit of the celestial visitor
caused it to recede rapidly and by the end of
June it was no longer visible without the use of
telescopes.
COMET A OF 1910.
On the morning of Jan. 17, 1910, a new comet
was discovered by an observer named Drake at
Johannesburg, South Africa. It was five or ten
degrees south, southwest of the sun, which it was
rapidly approaching, and was visible to the naked
eye. Other observers in various parts of the world
found it easily on the following nights, those at
Williams Bay, Wis., seeing it Jan. 19. It was
photographed readily, as it was sufficiently bright
to be seen without the use of magnifying glasses.
Astronomers at Flagstaff, Ariz., reported that
the comet showed light hydrocarbon bands with a
pair of Intensely bright sodium lines. The tail
appeared to be about forty-three degress in length.
The comet was \isible in the western sky until
the first part of February, when it swiftly disap-
peared. It was not Identified as having been seen
before 1910.
Meteorites were reported Feb. 4 to have fallen
near Florence, Italy. A large meteor also fell
near Quincy, 111.
Jan. 28 the observatory at Manila. P. I., discov-
ered a new comet near Venus. Feb. 23 Prof.
Pidoux of the Gemva observatory in Switzerland
claimed to have found a new comet near Halley's
anrt traveling much faster. Aug. 8, the Rev. Joel
H. Metcalf of Taunton, Mass., discovered a comet
of the eighth magnitude.
AMERICAN LOSSES IN SPANISH AND PHILIP-
PINE WARS.
From wounds or disease.
Officers. En. men.
May 1. 1898, to June 30, 1899 224 6,395
June 30. 1899, to July 1, 1900 74 1,930
July 1, 1900, to Juae 30. 1901 67 1.9SJ
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
WORK OF THE 61ST CONGRESS SECOND SESSION.
Session began Dec. 6, 1909; ended June 25, 1910.
Total appropriations, $J. 027, 901,629.
Act to establish postal savings banks; passed by
senate March 5; by house June 9; approved
June 21.
Act to establish a commerce court and to amend
ths Interstate-commerce law; passed by house
May li); by senate June 3; approved June 18.
Acts providing for the admission ot Arizona and
New Mexico Into the union as states; passed by
house Jan. 17; senate June 16; approved June 20.
Act authorizing the secretary of the interior to
make temporary withdrawals of public lands in-
aid of national conservation; passed by house
March 8, by senate March 10; approved March 15.
Act amending immigration law so as to provide for
the suppression of the "white slave" traffic;
passed by house Jan. 12; by senate Feb. 11; ap-
proved March 26.
Act amending law relating to employers' liability
to their employes in certain cases; passed by
house Feb. 23; by senate April 1; approved
April 5.
ct supplementary to law requiring safety appli-
ances on railroads; passed by house Dec. 15; by
senate Feb. 21; approved Arril 14.
ct to protect the seal fishems of Alaska; passed
by senate March 23; by house April 18; approved
April 21.
ct requiring railroads to report all accidents to
the interstate-commerce commission; passed by
house Dec. 15; by senate April 7; approved May 6.
ct providing for the raising of the Maine in Ha-
vana harbor; passed by house March 23; by sen-
ate May 4; approved May 9.
ct to establish the Glacier National park in
Montana; passed by senate Feb. 9; by house
April 13; approved May 11.
ct to establish, for the protection of miners, a
bureau of mines in interior department; passed
by house Jan. 25; by senate May 2; approved
May 16.
ct establishing a committee of fine arts to ad-
vise as to statues, fountains and monuments in
the District of Celumbia; passed by house Feb.
9; by senate May 3; approved May 17.
ct providing for publicity of campaign contribu-
tions; paired by house April 18; by senate June
22; approved June 25.
ct authorizing president of the United States to
make withdrawals of public lands in certain
cases to preserve reservoir sites and water pow-
ers on government land; passed by house April
20; by senate June 15; approved June 25.
ct authorizing issue of $20,000,000 in bonds to be
used by the president In completing Irrigation
projects now under way; passed by house June
21; by senate June 22; approved June 25.
.ct prohibiting transportation for Immoral pur-
poses of women and girls; passed by house Jan.
26; by senate June 25; approved June 25.
ict making appropriations for the navy and au-
thorizing the construction of two battleships;
passed by house April 8; by senate March 24;
approved June 21.
ct reorganizing lighthouse service and providing
for a bureau of lighthouses in the department of
commerce and labor; passed by house May 2; by
senate May 12; approved June 17.
MESSAGE ON INTERSTATE LAW.
Jan. 7, 1910, President Taft sent to congress a
ial message recommending certain amendments
jj the interstate-commerce law and suggesting the
deral incorporation of industrial companies in
dor to make effective the laws against trusts
nl monopolies. To bring about a systematic
il scientidc enforcement of the commerce law .'ie
(commended the establishment of a court of the
initod States, composed of five judges designated
l>r such purpose from among the Circuit judges.
* re known as the "United States Court 'of
ommerce." such court to be clothed with ex-
usivo original jurisdiction over the following
as-ses of cases:
!1. All cases for the enforcement, otherwise than
aM indication i:iid collection of a forfeiture or
Dally, or by Infliction of criminal punishment,
of an order of the interstate-commerce commission
other than for the payment of money.
2. All cases brought to enjoin, set aside, annul
or suspend any order or requirement of the intet'
state-commerce commission.
3. All such cases as under section 3 of the act
of Feb. 19, 1903, known as the "Elkins act," are
authorized to be maintained in a Circuit court of
the" United States.
4. .All such mandamus proceedings as under the
provisions of section 20 or section 23 of the inter-
state-commerce law are authorized to be main-
tained in a Circuit court of the United States.
The president further recommended that the in-
terstate-commerce law be so amended) as to author-
ize the commission to act on its own initiative as
well as upon the conlplaint of an individual in in-
vestigating the fairness of any existing rate or
practice and also to give It the power to pass upon
the classification of commodities for the purpose
of fixing rates. It should also be empowered,
whenever any proposed increase of rates is filed,
at oi-ce to enter upon an investigation Into the
reasonableness of such change, and, if necessary,
to postpone the effective date of such Increase for
a period not exceeding thirty days; if the increase
is found to be unreasonable, the commission may
then forbid it or fix the maximum beyond which
it shall not be made.
Legislation to prevent the overissue of stocks and
bonds by interstate carriers and the further ac-
quisition by railroad companies of the stock of
competing lines was recommended. The president
also suggested the passage of laws for additional
safety appliances on freight trains and to facili-
tate the bringing of suits by employes against In-
terstate-commerce employers.
In order to secure the compliance of the trusts
nnd business combinations with the antitrust
statute and to offer them a. means of changing the
character, organization and extent of their busi-
ness so as to bring it within the lines of the law,
under federal control and supervision, without
creating great financial disturbance, the president
recommended the enactment by congress of a gen-
eral law for the formation of corporations to en-
gage in trade and commerce between the states.
Such law, he suggested, should be drawn so as to
protect the corporations from undue Interference
by the states and regulate their activities In such
manner as to prevent the recurrence, under na-
tional auspices, of those abuses which had arisen
under state control.
CONTEST OVER HOUSE RULES.
Wednesday, March 16, 1910, Representative
Crumpacker of Indiana called up in the house a
Joint resolution >>nlars:ing the scope of inquiry of
the schedules relating to the thirteenth decennial
census so as to secure information respecting the
nationality and mother tongue of all persons born
In foreign countries or of foreign parentage. Ob-
jection to the consideration of the resolution was
made on til? ground that it was not in order on
calendar Wednesday, when no other business than
the call of the committees could be considered.
Mr. Crumpacker maintained that the resolution
was privileijjd under the constitution and that
therefore It was In order on any day. In this po-
sition he was sustained by Speaker Cannon, who,
however, was overruled by the house by a vote
of 183 to 111.
Oc the following day. March 17, Mr. Crumpacker
again called the resolution up for consideration
and the same point of order was made against it.
The speaker instead of ruling submitted to the
house the question: Is the joint resolution called up
by the gentleman from Indiana in order as a ques-
tion of privilege, the rule prescribing the order of
business to the contrary notwithstanding? On this
a demand for the previous question was made, but
the bouse by a vote of yeas 137 and nays 142
refused to order it. The house then by a vote of
202 yeas to 72 nays declared that the resolution
was in order and it was passed.
On the same day Representative George W. Nor-
ris of Nebraska prevented a resolution, "privileged
by the constitution," to amend the rules of the
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
house so aa to make the committee on rules consist
of fifteen members, nine to be chosen by the ma-
jority party and six by the minority party, and ex-
clutlirg the swaker from membership on the com-
mittee. Thi.; proposition, which was supported by
ihe so-called 'insurgent" republicans and the dem-
ocrats, caused a heated controversy, lasting from
Thursday until Saturday aiternoon. It was main-
tained by the advocates of the resolution that un-
der the old system the speaker, through a commit-
tee on rules appointed and dominated by himself,
exercised "inordinate and tyrannical power" In
shaping or preventing legislation, and that the
real question at issue was whether that power
should be limited or contirued. It was further
argued that a committee on rules elected In the
manner proposed would be more truly representa-
tive of all the congressional districts and more
amenable to the will of the majority. The "regu-
lar" republicans, on the other hand, insisted that
the old rules had been evolved in the course of
time, because they had been found necessary In
order to transact business in the house; that they
were not and could not be enforced except by the
will of the majority: that they had been adopted
and used by democratic as well a=i republican
congresses, and that they had been fairly and im-
partially enforced by Speaker Cannon.
The point of order having been made that the
resolution was not a privileged one under the con-
stitution, the speaker, basing his decision upon a
ruling made by Samuel J. Randall in 1878, sustained
the i>oint of order. Mr. Norris appealed from the
decision and moved the previous question. After
a ir.otion to lay the appeal on the table had been
voted down (yeas 164, nays 182) the previous ques-
tion was ordered by a vote of yeas 182, nays 161.
and the house refused to concur in the decision of
the speaker by a vote of 160 yeas to 182 nays. The
question th'.-n recurring to the adoption of the
resolution, Mr. Norris offered the following sub-
stitute:
"Resolved. That the rules of the house of repre-
sentatives be amended as follows:
"1. In rule X, paragraph 1, strike out the
words 'on rules to consist of five members.'
"2. Add new paragraph to rule X. as follows:
" 'Paragraph 5. There shall be a committee on
rnles, elected by the house, consisting of ten mem-
bers, six of whom shall be members of the ma-
jority party and four of whom shall be members
of the minority party. The speaker shall not be a
member of the committee and the committee shall
elect Its own chairman from its own members.'
"Resolved, further, That within ten days after
the adoption of this resolution there shall be an
election of this committee, and immediately upon
Its election the present committee on rules shall
be dissolved."
The resolution as amended by the substitute
was adopted, yeas 190, nays 157. The fallowing
republicans voted for the resolution, the remainder
of the affirmative vote consisting of democrats:
Ames (Mass.).
Barnard (Iowa).
Gary (Wis.).
Cooper (Wis.).
Davidson (Wis.).
Dawson (Iowa).
Davis (Minn.).
Fish (N. Y.).
Foelker (N. Y.).
Fowler (N. J.).
Gardner (Mass.).
Good (Iowa).
Gronna- (N. D.).
Haugen (Iowa).
Hayes (Cal.).
Hinshaw (Neb.).
Hollingsworth (O.).
Rowland (O.).
Hubbard (Iowa).
Johnson (0.).
Kendall (Iowa).
Kinkaid (Neb.).
Kopp (Wis.).
Kustermann (Wis.).
Lenroot (Wis.).
Lindbergh (Minn.).
Madison (Kas.).
Martin (S. D.).
McLaughlin (Mich.).
Miller (Minn.).
Morse (Wis.).
Murdock (Kas.).
Nelson (Wis.).
Norris (Neb.).
Packett (Iowa).
Parsons (N. Y.).
Poindexter (Wash.).
Plumley (Vt.).
Steenerson (Minn.).
Taylor (O.).
Townsend (Mich.).
Volstead (Minn.).
Woods (Iowa).
After announcing the vote the sneaker made a
brief statement In which he said that there were
two courses open for him to pursue one was to
resign and permit the new combination of demo-
crats and Insurgents to choose a speaker in har-
mony with its aims and purposes. The othi-r was
for that combination to declare a vacancy in the
office of speaker and proceed to the election of a
new speaker. The first course he declined to pur-
sue, because it might endanger tli'i final passage
of all legislation necessary to redeem republican
pledges and because he was not conscious of hav-
ing done any political wrong.
"There has been much talk on the part of the
minority ami the insurgents," said Mr. Cannon in
conclusion, "of the 'czarism' of the speaker, cul-
minating In the action taken to-day. The real
truth is that there Is no coherent republican ma-
jority in the house of representatives. Therefore,
the real majority ought to have the courage of Its
convictions and logically meet the situation that
confronts it.
"The speaker does now believe, and has alxvays
believed, that this Is a government through parties,
and that parties can act only through majorities.
The speaker has always believed in and bowed to
the will of the majority In convention, in caucus
and in the legislative hall, and to-day profoundly
believes that to act otherwise is to disorganize
parties, is to prevent coherent action In any leg-
islative body, is to make impossible the reflection
of the wishes of the people in statutes and in
laws.
"The speaker has always said that, under the
constitution, it Is a question of the highest priv-
ilege for an actual majority of the house at any
time to choose a new speaker, and again notifies
the house that the speaker will at this moment
or lit any other time while he remains speaker
entertain, In conformity with the highest consti-
tutional privilege, a motion by any member to
vacate the office of the speakership and choose a
new speaker; and, under existing conditions, would
welcome such action upon the part of the actual
majority of the house, so that power and respon-
sibility may rest with the democratic and in-
surgent members, who, by the last vote, evidently
constitute a majority of this house. The chair ia
now ready to entertain such motion."
Mr. Burleson (dem.) of Texas offered a resolu-
tion that the office of speaker of tbi house of rep-
resentatives be declared vacant and that the
house proceed at once to the election of a new
speaker. The motion was voted down, nays 192,
yeas 155. Of those voting yea the following were
republicans: Cary (Wis.), Cooper (Wis.), Davis
(Minn.), Gronna (N. D.), Lenroot (Wis.), Lind-
bergh (Minn.), Murdock (Kas.), Nelson (Wis.),
Poindexter (Wash.).
Acting under the Norris resolution a caucus of
the republican members of the house was held
March 23, and the following were chosen to repre-
sent the majority on the new committee on rules:
Walter I. Smith, Iowa.
John Dalzell, Pennsylvania.
Sylvester C. Smith, California.
George P. Lawrence, Massachusetts.
J. Sloat Fassett, New York.
Henry S. Boutell, Illinois.
At a caucus cf the democratic members held
March 24 the following were chosen to represent
the minority:
Champ Clark, Missouri.
Oscar W. Underwood, Alabama.
Lincoln Dixon, Ir.diana.
John J. Fitzgerald, New York.
By a resolution unanimously adopted March 25
the men named at the party caucuses were mauo
the committee on rules of the house.
COMMERCE COURT AND RAILROAD-RATE
LAW.
An act to create a commerce court and to amend
Ihe act entitled "An act to regulate commerce."
approved Feb. 4. 1887, as heretofore amended, anil
for other purposes.
Be it enacted, etc., that a court of -the United
States is hereby created which shall be known as
the Commerce court and shall have the jurisdiction
now possessed by the Circuit courts of the United
States and the judges thereof over all cases of the
following kinds:
1. All cases for the enforcement, otherwise than
by adjudication and collection of a forfeiture or
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
35
penalty or by infliction of criminal punishment, of
uy order of the interstate commerce commission
other than for the payment of money.
2. Cases brought to enjoin, set aside, annul or
suspend in whole or in part any order of the in-
terstate commi-rL'U commission.
3. Such cases as by section 3 of the act entitled
"An act to further regulate commerce with for-
eign nations and among the statas," approved
Feb. 19, 1903, ar.> authorized to be maintained in
a Circuit court of the United States.
4. All suoh mandamus proceedings as under the
provisions of section 20 or section 23 of the act en-
titled "An act to regulate commerce," approved
Feb. 4, 1887, as amended, are authorized to be
maintained in a Circuit court of the United States.
Nothing contained in this act shall be construed
as enlarging the jurisdiction now possessed by the
Circuit courts of the United States or the judges
thereof that is hereby transferred to and vested
in the Commerce court.
The jurisdiction of the Commerce court over
oases of the foregoing classes shall be exclusive,
but this act shall not affect the jurisdiction now
possessed by any Circuit or District court of the
United States over cases or proceedings of a kind
not within the above enumerated classes.
COMPOSITION OF COUBT.
The Commerce court shall be a court of record
and shall have a seal of such form and style as
the court may prescribe. The said court shall be
composed of nve judges, to be from time to time
designated and assigned thereto by the chief jus
tice of the United States, from among the Cir-
cuit judges of the United States, for the period of
five years, except that in the first instance the
court shall be composed of the five additional Cir-
cuit judges to be appointed as hereinafter pro-
vided, who shall be designated by the president to
serve for one, two, three, four and five years, re-
spectively, in order that the period of designation
of one of said judges shall expire in each year
thereafter. In case of the death, resignation or
termination of assignment of any judge so desig-
nated the chief justice shall designate a Circuit
.ludee to fill the vacancy so caused to serve during
the unexpired period for which the original desig-
nation was made. After the year 1914 no Circuit
judge shall be redesignated to serve in the Com-
merce court until the expiration of at least one
year after the expiration of the period of his last
previous designation. The judge first designated
for the five-year period shall be the presiding
judge of said court, and thereafter the judge
senior in designation shall be the presiding judge.
Each of the judges during the period of his
service !n the Commerce court shall, on account
of the regular sessions of the court being hold in
the city of Washington, receive In addition to his
salary as Circuit judge an expense allowance at
the rate of $1,500 per annum.
The president shall, by and with the advice and
consent of the senate, appoint five additional Cir-
cuit judges, no two of whom shall be from the same
judicial circuit, who shall hold office during good
behavior and who shell be from time to time
designated and assigned by the chief justice of
the United States for service in the Circuit court
of any district or the Circuit court of appeals
for any circuit or in the Commerce court.
The associate judges shall have precedence and
shall succeed to the place and powers of the pre-
siding judge whenever he may be absent or in.
capable of acting. In the order of the date of their
designations. Four of said judges shall constitute
a quorum, and at least a majority of the court
shall concur in all decisions.
The court shall also have a clerk and a mar-
shal, with the same duties and powers, so far as
they may b.> apprcpriate and are not altered by
rule of the court, as are now possessed by the
clerk and marshal, respectively, of the Supreme
court of the United States. The offices of the
clerk and marshal of the court shall be In the
city of Washington in the District of Columbia.
The judges of the court shall appoint the clerk
and marshal, and may also appoint, if they find
it necessary, a deputy clerk and deputy marshal,
and such clerk, marshal, deputy clerk and deputy
mar&hal shall hold office during the pleasure of
the court. The salary of the clerk shall be $4,000
per annum; the salary of the marshal $3,000 per
annum; the salary of the deputy clerk $2,500, and
the salary of the deputy marshal $2,500 per an-
num. The said clerk and marshal may, with the
approval of the court, employ all requisite assist-
ance.
The costs and fees in said court shall be estab-
lished by the court in a table thereof, approved
by the Supreme court of the United .States, with-
in four months after the organization of the
court, but such costs and fees shall in no case
exceed those charged in the Supreme court of the
United States and shall be accounted for and paid
Into the treasury of the United States.
Tiie Commerce court shall be always open for
the transaction of business. Its regular sessions
shall be held in the city of Washington, in the
District of Columbia, but the powers of the court
or of any judge thereof, or of the clerk, marshal,
deputy clerk or deputy marshal, may be exercised
anywhere in the United States, and for expedition*
of the work of the court and the avoidance of
undue expense or inconvenience to suitors the
court shall hold sessions in different parts of the
United States as may be found desirable. The
actual and necessary expenses of the judges, clerk,
marshal, deputy clerk and deputy marshal of
the court incurred for travel and attendance else-
where than in the city of Washington shall be
paid upon the written and Itemized certificate of
such Judge, clerk, marshal, deputy clerk or deputy
marshal by the marshal of the court, and shall be
allowed to him In the statement of his accounts
with the United States.
The United States marshals of the several dis-
tricts outside of the city of Washington in which
the Commerce court may hold its sessions shall
provide, under the direction and with the approval
of the attorney-general of the United States, such
rooms- in the public buildings of the United States
as may be necessary, but in case proper rooms
cannot be provided in such public buildings, said
marshals, with the approval of the attorney-gen-
eral of the United States, may then lease from
time to time other necessary rooms for the court.
If. at any time, the business of the Commerce
court does not require the services of all the
judges, the chief justice of the United States
may. by writing, signed by him and filed in the
department of justice, terminate the assignment of
any of the judges or temporarily assign him for
service in any Circuit court or Circuit Court of
Appeals. In case of illness or other disability of
any judge assigned to the Commerce court the
chief justice of the United States may assign any
other Circuit judge of the United States to act in
his place, and may terminate such assignment
when the exigence therefor shall caase, and any
Circuit Judge so assigned to act in place of such
judge shall, during his assignment, exercise all
the powers and perform all the functions of such
Judge.
JUBISDICTION.
In all cases within Its jurisdiction the Commerce
court and each of the judges assigned thereto
shall, respectively, have and may exorcise any and
ell of the powers of a Circuit court of the United
.States and of the Judges of said court, respective-
ly, so far as the same may be appropriate to the
effective exercise of the jurisdiction hereby con-
ferred. The Commerce court may issue all writs
and process appropriate to the full exercise of
its jurisdiction and powers and may prescribe the
form thereof. It may also, from time to time,
establish such rules and regulations concerning
pleading, practice or procedure in cases and mat-
ters within its jurisdiction as to the court shall
seem wise and proper. Its orders, writs and
process may run, be served and be returnable any-
where in tn United States, and the marshal and
deputy marshal of said court and also the United
States marshals and deputy marshals in the sev-
eral districts of the United States shall have like
powers and be under like duties to act for and in
behalf of said court as pertain to United States
marshals and deputy marshals generally when act-
Ing under like conditions concerning suits or mat-
ters in the circuits of the United States.
The Jurisdiction of the Commerce court shall be
36
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Invoked by filing In the office of the clerk of the
court a written pitltiou, setting forth briefly and
succinctly the facts constituting the petitioner's
cause of action and specifying the relief sought.
A copy of such petition shall forthwith be served
by the marshal or a deputy marshal of the Com-
merce court or by the proper United States mar-
shal or deputy marshal upon ever}' defendant
therein named, and when the United States is a
party defendant the service shall be made by fil-
ing a copy of said petition in the office of the
secretary of the interstate commerce commission
and in the department of justice. Within thirty
days after the petition Is served, unless tbat time
is extended by order of the court or a judge
thereof, an answer to the petition shall be filed
In the clerk's office and a copy thereof mailed
to the petitioner's attorney, which answer shall
briefly and categorically respond to the allega-
tions of the petition. No replication need be
filed to the answer, and objections to the suf-
ficiency of the petition or answer as not setting
forth a cause of action or defense must be taken
at the final hearing or by motion to dismiss the
petition based on said grounds, which motion
may be made at any time before answer Is filed.
In case no answer shall be filed as provided
herein the petitioner may apply to the court on
notice for such relief as may be proper upon the
facts alleged In the petition. The court may, by
rule, prescribe the method of taking evidence In
cases pending In said court, and may prescribe
that the evidence be taken before a single judge
of the court, with power to rule upon the admis-
sion of evidence. Except as may be otherwise
provided in this act or by rule of the court the prac-
tice and procedure In the Commerce court shall
conform as nearly as may be to that in like cases
In a Circuit court of the United States.
The Commerce court shall be opened for the
transaction of business at a date to be fixed by
order of -the said court, which shall be not later
than thirty days after the judges thereof shall
ha*e been designated.
APPEALS.
Sec. 2. That a final judgment or decree of the
Commerce court may be reviewed by the Supreme
court of the United States if appeal to the Su-
preme court be taken by an aggrieved party with-
in sixty days after the entry of said final judg-
ment or decree. Such appeal may be taken In like
manner as appeals from a Circuit court of the
United States to the Supreme court, and the Com-
merce court may direct the original record to be
transmitted on appeal instead of a transcript
thereof. The Supreme court may affirm, reverse
or modify the final judgment or decree of the Corn-
mercy court as the case may require.
Appeal to the Supreme court, however, shall In
no case supersede or stay the judgment or decree
of the Commerce court appealed from, unless the
Supreme court or a justice thereof shall so direct,
and appellant shall give bond in such form and of
such amount as the Supreme court or the justice
of that court allowing the stay may require.
An appeal may also be taken to the Supreme
court of the United States from an interlocutory
order or decree of the Commerce court granting
or continuing an injunction restraining the en-
forcement of an order of the Interstate commerce
commission, provided such appeal be taken within
thirty days from the entry of such order or decree.
Aopeals to the Supreme court under this section
shall have priority in hearing and determination
over all other causes except criminal causes in
that court.
Sec. 3. That suits to enjoin, set aside, annul or
suspend any order of the Interstate commerce
commission shall be brought In the Commerce
coiKt against the United States. The pendency
of such suit shall not of itself stay or suspend
the cperatien of the order of the Interstate com-
merce commission, but the Commerce court. In Its
discretion, may restrain or suspend, in whole or
in part, the operation of the commission's order
pending the final hearing and determination of
the suit. No order or Injunction so restraining or
suspending an order of the interstate commerce
commission shall be made by the Commerce court
otherwise than upon notice and after hearing, ex-
cept that, in cases where irreparable damage would
otherwise ensue to the petitioner, said court or a
judge thereof may, on hearing after r.ot less than
three days' notice to the interstate commerce
commission and the attorney-general, allow a
temporary stay or suspension in whole or in part
of the operation of the order of the interstate
commerce commission for not more than sixty
('ays from <he date of the order of such court or
judge, pending application to the court for Its
order or injunction, in which case the said order
shall contain a specific finding, based upon the
evidence submitted to the judge making the order
and identified by reference thereto, that such irrep-
arable damage would result to the petitioner and
specifying the nature of the damage. The court
may, at the time of hearing such application, upon
a like finding, continue the temporary stay or sus-
pension in whole or in part until its decision upon
the application.
Seo. 4. That all cases and proceedings in the
Commerce court which but for this act would be
brourl't by or against the interstate commerce
commission shall be brought by or against the
United States, and the United States may Inter-
vene in any case or proceeding in the Commerce
court whenever, though it has not been made a
party, public interests are Involved.
Sec. 5. That the attorney-general shall have
charge and control of the Interests of the govern-
ment in all cases and proceedings In the Com-
merce court and in the Supreme court of the
United States upon appeal from the Commerce
court, and If In his opinion the public Interest re-
quires it he may retain and employ in the name
of the United States, within the appropriations
from time to time made by the congress for such
purposes, such special attorneys and counselors at
law" as he may think necessary td .assist in the
discharge of any of the duties Incumbent upon
him and his subordinate attorneys, and the attor-
ney-general shall stipulate with such special at-
torneys and counsel the amount of their compen-
sation, which shall not be In excess of the sums
appropriated therefor by congress for such pur-
poses, and shall have the supervision of their
action; provided that the Interstate commerce
commission and any party or parties In interest
tc the proceedings before the commission, in which
an order or requirement Is made, may appear as
parties thereto of their own motlou and as of
ri;;ht, and be represented by their counsel. In any
suit wherein is Involved the validity of such
order or requirement or any part thereof, and the
interest of such party, and the court wherein Is
pending such suit may make all such rules and
orders as to such appearances and representations,
the number of counsel and all matters of pro-
cedure and otherwise as to subserve the ends of
juatice and speed the determination of such suits;
provided further, that communities, associations,
corporations, firms and Individuals who are inter-
ested in -the controversy or questio'n before the
interstate commerce commission or in any suit
which may be brought by any one under the terms
of this act or the acts of which it is amendatory
or which are amendatory of it, relating to action
of the Interstate commerce commission, may inter-
vene in said suit or proceedings at any time after
the institution thereof, and the attorney-general
shall not dispose of or discontinue said suit or
proceeding over the objection of such party or
intervenor aforesaid, but said intervenor or In-
tervtnors may prosecute, defend or continue said
suit or proceeding unaffected by the action or
noraction of the attorney-general of the United
States therein.
Complainants before the Interstate commerce
commission interested In a case shall have the
right to appear end be made parties to the case
and be represented before the courts by counsel
under such regulations as are now permitted in
similar circumstances under the rules and prac-
tice of equity courts of the United States.
Sec. 6. That until the opening of the Commerce
court, as in section 1 hereof provided, all cases
and proceedings of which from that time the
Commerce court Is hereby given exclusive Juris-
diction may be brought In the same courts and
conducted in like manner and with like effect as
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
.-57
is now provided by law, and If any such case or
proceeding shall tnve gone to final judgment or
decree before the opening of the Commerce court,
appeal may be taken from such final judgment or
decrte in like manner and with like effect as is
now provided by law. Any such case or proceed-
ing within the jurisdiction of the Commerce court
which may have been begun In any other court
as hereby allowed before the said date shall be
forthwith transferred to the Commerce court, if
it has not yet proceeded to final judgment or de-
cree In such other court, unless it has been finally
submitted for the decision of such court, in which
case the cause shall proceed In such court to final
judgment or decree and further proceeding there-
after, and appeal may be taken direct to the Su-
preme court, and If remanded such cause may be
sent back to the court from which the appeal was
taken or to the Commerce court for further pro-
ceeding, as the Supreme court shall direct, and all
previous proceedings in such transferred case
shall stand and operate notwithstanding the trans-
fer, subject to the same control over them by the
Commerce court and to the same right of subse-
quent action In the case or proceeding as If the
transferred case or proceeding had been originally
tegun In the Commerce court. The clerk of the
court from which any case or proceeding is so
transferred to the Commerce court shall transmit
to and file in the Commerce court the originals of
all papers filed in such case or proceeding and a
certified transcript of all record entries in the
case or oroceeding up to the time of transfer.
It shall be the duty of every common carrier
subject to the provisions of this act. within sixty
days after the taking effect of this act, to designate
in writing an agent in the city of Washington-,
District of Columbia, upon whom service of all
notices and processes may be made for and on
behalf of said common carrier in any proceeding
or fcuit pending before the interstate commerce
commission or before said Commerce court, and
to file such designation in the office of the secre-
tary of the interstate commerce commission, which
designation may from time to time be changed
by like writing, similarly filed, and thereupon
service of all notices and processes may be made
upon such common carrier by leaving a copy there-
of with such designated agent at his office or
usual place of residence in the city of Washing-
ton, with like effect as if made personally upon
such common carrier, and In default of such desig-
nation of such agent, service of any notice or
other process in any proceeding before said inter-
state commerce commission or Commerce court
may be made by posting such notice or process in
the office of the secretary of the interstate com-
merce commission.
TELEGRAPH AND TELKPHONB MITES.
>Sec. 7. Section 1 of the act to regulate com-
merce, approved Feb. 4, 1887, as heretofore amended,
is amended so as to make the provisions of the
law applicable to telegraph, telephone and cable
companies (whether wire or wireless) engaged in
sending messages from one state, territory or dis-
trict of the United States to any other state, ter-
ritory or district of the United States or to any
foreign country, \vho shall be considered and held
to be common curriers within the meaning and
purpose of this act.
"All charges made for any service rendered or
to be rendered In the transportation of passengers
or property and for the transmission or messages
by telegraph, telephone or cable shall be Just and
reasonable, and every unjust and unreasonable
charge for such service or any part thereof Is
prohibited and declared to be unlawful. Pro-
vided, that messages by telegraph, telephone or
cable, subject to the provisions of this act. may
be classified into day. night, repeated, letter,
commercial, press, government and such other
classes as are just and reasonable, and different
rates may be charged for the different classes of
messages; and, provided further, that nothing In
this act shall be construed to prevent telephone,
telegraph and cable companies from entering into
contracts with common carriers for the exchange
of services."
Sec. 8. Section 4 of the act is amended so as
to make It unlawful for any common carrier to
charge any greater compensation as a through
route than the aggregate of the intermediate rates
subject to the provisions of this act. No rates or
charges lawfully existing at the time of the pas-
sage of this amendatory act shall be required to
be changed by reason of the provisions of this
section prior to the expiration of six months after
the passage of this act, nor In any case where ap-
plication shall have been filed before the com-
mission, in accordance with the provisions of this
section, until a determination of such application
by the commission.
Whenever a cairler by railroad shall in com-
petition with a water route or routes reduce rates
on the carriage of any species of freight to and
from competitive points It shall not be permitted
to increase such rates unless after a hearing by
the interstate commerce commission it shall be
found that such proposed increase rests upon
changed conditions other than the elimination of
water competition.
Sec. 9. Four new paragraphs are added to sec-
tion 6 of this act: The commission may reject any
schedule which does not give lawful notice of it8
effective date. In case of failure on the part of
any carrier to comply with any order or regula-
tion made by the commission, such carrier shall
be liable to a fine of $500 for each offense and $25
for each day of the continuance of the offense. If
any common carrier, after a written request by
any person or company for a written statement of
the rate or charge applicable to a described ship-
ment between stated places under the tariffs to
which such carrier is party, shall refuse or omit
to make such statement within a reasonable time
or shall misstate in writing the applicable rate,
and If the person or company making such request
suffers damages by reason of such refusal or
omission or in consequence of the misstatement
made, the carrier shall be liable to a penalty of
$250. It shall be the duty of every carrier by
railroad to keep posted in every station where
freight is received the name of an agent resident
in the place where the station is located, to whom
application may be made for the information i>y
this section required to be furnished on written re-
quest.
Sec. 10. Section 10 of the act, as heretofore
amended, 'Is amended so as to make the third par-
agraph read:
"Any person, corporation or company or any
agent or officer thereof, who shall deliver property
for transportation to any common carrier subject
to the provisions of this act, or for whom, as con-
signor or consignee, any such carrier shall trans-
port property, who shall knowingly and willfully,
directly or Indirectly, himself or by employe,
agent, officer or otherwise, by false billing, false
classification, false weighing, false representation
of the contents of the package or the substance
of the property, false report of weight, false
statement or by any other device or means,
whether with or without the consent or connivance
of the currier, its agent or officer, obtain or attempt
to obtain transportation for such property at less
than the regular rates then established and In
force on the line of transportation, or who shall
knowingly and willfully, directly or indirectly,
himself or by employe, agent, officer or otherwise,
by false statement or representation as to cost,
value, nature or extent of injury or by the use
of ;my false bill, bill of lading, receipt, voucher,
roll, account, claim, certificate, affidavit or deposi-
tion, knowing the same to be false, fictitious or
fraudulent, or to contain any false, fictitious or
fraudulent statement or entry, obtain or attempt to
obtain any allowance, refund or payment for dam-
age or otherwise in connection with or growing
out of the transportation of or agreement to trans-
port such property, whether with or without tha
consent or connivance of the carrier, whereby the
compensation of such carrier for such transporta-
tion, either before or after payment, shall in fact
be made less than the regular rates then estab-
lished and in force on the line of transportation,
shall be deemed guilty of fraud, which Is hereby
declared a misdemeanor, and shall, upon convic-
tion thereof In any court of the United States
of competent jurisdiction within the district in
which such offense was wholly or In part com-
38
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
mitted, be subject to a fine of not exceeding
$5,000 or imprisonment in the penitentiary for a
term of not exceeding two years or both, in the
discretion of the court; provided, that the pen-
alty of imprisonment shall not apply to artificial
persons."
Ses. 11. Section 13 of the act is amended so as
to provide that the interstate commerce commis-
sion shall have the same powers and authority to
proceed with any inquiry instituted on its owii
motion as though It had been appealed to by com-
plaint or petition under any of the provisions of
the act, including the power to make and enforce
any order or orders in the case, or relating to
the matter or thing concerning which inquiry Is
had excepting orders for the payment of money.
BATE BEGULATIONS.
Sec. 12. Section 15 of the act, as heretofore
amended, is further amended so as to read as
follows :
"That whenever, after full hearing upon a com-
plaint made as provided in section 13 of this act
or after a full hearing under an order for investi-
gation and hearing made by the commission on its
own initiative (either in extension of any pending
complaint or without any complaint whatever),
the commission shell be of opinion that any Indi-
vidual or joint rates or charges whatsoever de-
manded, charged or collected by any common car-
rier or carriers subject to the provisions of thl
act for the transportation of persons or property
or for the transmission of messages by telegrapb
or telephone as defined in the first section of
this act, or that any Individual or Joint classi-
fications, regulations or practices whatsoever o!
such carrier or carriers subject to the provisions
of this act are unjust or unreasonable or unjustly
discriminatory or unduly preferential or prejudicial
or otherwise in violation of any of the provisions
of this act, the commission is hereby authorized
and empowered to determine and prescribe what
will be the .lust and reasonable Individual or joint
rate or rates, charge or charges, to be thereafter
observed In such case as the maximum to be
charged and what individual or jo:nt classifica-
tion, regulation or practice is just, fair and rea-
sonaHe to be thereafter followed, and to make an
order that tbe carrier or carriers shall cease and
desist from such violation to the extent to which
the commission flnds the same to exist, and shall
not thereafter publish, demand! or collect any rate
or charge for such transportation or transmission
In excess of the maximum rate or charge so pre-
scribed and shall adopt the classification and shall
conform to and observe the regulation or practice
so prescribed. All orders of the commission, ex-
cept orders for the payment of money, shall take
effect within such reasonable time, not less than
thirty days, and shall continue In force for such
period of time not exceeding two years, as shall
be prescribed In the order of the commission, un-
less the same shall be suspended or modified or
set aside by the commission, or be suspended or set
aside by a court of competent jurisdiction. When-
ever the carrier or carriers, in obedience to such
order of the commission or otherwise, in respect to
joint rates, fares or charges, shall fall to agree
among themselves upon the apportionment or di-
vision thereof the commission may, after hearing,
mak-? a supplemental order prescribing the just
and reasonable proportion of siich joint rate to be
received by each carrier party thereto, which order
shall take effect as a part of the original order.
"Whenever there shall be filed with the com-
mission any schedule stating a new individual or
joint rato. fare or charge or any new Individual
or ioint classification, or any new individual or
joint regulation or practice affecting rate, fare or
charge, the commission shall have, and It la
hereby given, authority, either upon complaint or
upon its own initiative without complaint, at
once, and if it so orders, without answer or other
formal pleading by the interested carrier or car-
riers, but upon reasonable notice, to enter upon
n hearing concerning the propriety of such rate,
fare, charge, classification, regulation or prac-
tice, and pending such hearing and the decision
thereon the commission upon filing with snch
schedule and delivering to the carrier or carriers
affected thereby a statement in writing of its
reasons for such suspension may suspend the oper-
ation of such schedule and defer the use of such
rate, fare, classification, regulation or practice,
but not for a longer period than 120 days beyond
the time when such rate, fare, charge, classification,
regulation or practice would otherwise go into ef-
fect, and after full hearing, whether completed
before or after the rate, charge, classification,
regulation oi 1 practice goes into effect, the com-
mission may make such order in reference to such
rate, charge, classification, regulation or practice
as would be proper In a proceeding initiated after
the rate, fare, charge, classification, regulation
or practice had become effective; provided, that if
any such hearing cannot be concluded within the
period of suspension, as above stated, the inter-
state commerce commission may, in its discretion,
extend the time of suspension for a further
period not exceeding six months. At any hear-
ing involving a rate increased after Jan. 1, 1910,
or of a rate sought to be increased after the pas-
sage of this act, tte burden of proof to show that
the proposed increased rate is just and reasonable
shall be upon the common carrier, and the com-
mission shall give to the hearing and decision of
such questions preference over all oilier questions
pending before It and decide the same as speedily
is possible.
THROUGH BOTJTES.
"The commission may also, after hearing, on a
complaint or upon its own initiative without
oomplaint, establish through routes and Joint
classifications ' and may establish joint rates aa
the maximum to be charged and may prescribe
the division of such rates as hereinbefore provided
and the terms and conditions undei 1 which such
through routes shall be operated, whenever the
carriers themselves shall have refused or neglected
to establish voluntarily such through routes or joint
classifications or 1 joint rates, and this provision shall
apply when one of the connecting carriers is a water
line. The commission shall not, Ijowever, establish
any through route, classification or rate between
street electric passenger railways not engaged in
the general business of transporting freight in ad-
dition to their passenger and express business and
railroads of a different character, nor shall the
eommission have the right to establish any
through route, classification, rate, fare or charge
when the transportation is wholly by water, and
any transportation by water affected by this act
shall be subject to the laws and regulations appli-
cable to transportation by water.
"And in establishing such through route the com-
mission shall not require any company, without Ita
consent, to embrace in such route substantially lesa
lhan the entire length of Its railroad and of any
intermediate railroad operated In conjunction and
iinder a common management or control therewith
which lies between the termini of such pro.xned
through route, unless to do so would make such
through route unreasonably long as compared with
another practicable through route which could
otherwise be established.
"In all cases where at the time of delivery of
property to any railroad corporation being a com-
mon carrier, for transportation subject to the
provisions of this act to any point of destination,
between which and the point of such delivery fo~
shipment two or more through routes and through
rates shall have been established as in this act
provided, to which through routes and through
rates such carrier is a party, the person, firm or
corporation making such shipment, subject to such
reisonable exceptions and regulations as the inter-
state commerce commission shall from time to
time prescribe, shall have the right to designate
in writing by which of such through routes such
property shall be transported to destination, and
it shall thereupon be the duty of the initial
carrier to route said property and issue a through
bill of lading therefor as so directed, and to
transport said property over its own line or
lines and deliver the same to a connecting line
or lines according to such through route, and
It shnll be the duty of each of said connecting
carriers to receive said property and transport
it ever the said line or lines and deliver
the Kame to the r.ext succeeding carrier or con-
signee according to the routing Instructions in
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
39
paid bill of lading; provided, however, that the
shipper shall in all instances have the right to
determine, where competing lines of railroad con-
stitute portions of a through line or route, over
which of said competing lines so constituting a
portion of said through line or route his freight
stall be transported.
"It shall be unlawful for any common carrier
subject to the provisions of this act or any officer,
agent or employe of such common carrier, or for
ai;y other person or corporation lawfully author-
ized by such common carrier to receive* informa-
tion therefrom, knowingly to disclose to or permit
to be acquired by any person or corporation other
than the shipper or consignee, without the con-
sent of such shipper or consignee, any information
concerning the nature, kind, quantity, destination,
consignee or routing of any property tendered or
delivered to such common carrier for interstate
transportation, which information may be used to
the detriment or prejudice of such shipper or
consignee or which may improperly disclose his
business transactions to a competitor; and it shall
also be unlawful for any person or corporation to
solicit or knowingly receive any such information
which may be so used; provided, that nothing in
this net shall be construed to prevent the giving
of such information In response to any legal
j.rotess issued under the authority of any state
or federal court or to any officer or agent of the
government of the United States or of any state
or territory, in the exercise of his powers, or to
any officer or other duly authorized person seeking
such information for the prosecution of persons
charged with or suspected of crime; or informa-
tion given by a common carrier to another carrier
or its duly authorized agent, for the purpose of
adjusting mutual traffic accounts in the ordinary
course of business of such carriers.
"Any person, corporation or association violating
any of the provisions of the next preceding para-
graph of this section shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor, and for each offense, on conviction,
shall pay to the United States a penalty of not
more than $1,000.
"If the owner of the property transported under
this act directly or indirectly renders any service
connected with such transportation or furnishes
any instrumentality used therein, the charge and
allowance therefor shall not be more than is just
and reasonable, and the commission may, after a
hearing on complaint or on its own initiative, de-
termine what is a reasonable charge as the maxi-
mum to be paid by the carrier or carriers for the
services so rendered or for the use of the instru-
mentality so furnished, and fix the same by appro-
priate order, which order shall have the same
force and effect and be enforced in like manner
as the orders above provided for under this sec-
tion.
"The foregoing enumeration of powers shall not
exclude any power which the commission would
otherwise have in the making of an order under
the provisions of this act."
Sec. 13. Section 16 of. the act, as heretofore
amended, is further amended so as to permit the
filing of petitions for damages in state courts of
general jurisdiction, as well as in the Circuit
courts of the United States. Every order of the
commission shall be served upon the designated
I'getit of the carrier in the city of Washington or
in such other manner as may be provided by law.
If any carrier fails or neglects to obey any order
of the commission other than for the payment of
money, while the same is in effect, the interstate
commerce commission or any party injured there-
by, or the United States, by its attorney-general,
may apply to the Commerce court for the enforce-
ment of such order. If, after hearing, that court
determines that the order was regularly made and
duly served and that the carrier is in disobedience
of the same, the court shall enforce obedience to
&ueh order by a writ of injunction or other proper
process, mandatory or otherwise, to restrain
such carrier, its officers, agents or representatives'
from further disobedience of such order or to en-
join upon, it or them obedience to the same.
Sec. 14. Section 20 of the act, as heretofore
amended, is further amended by providing that
the detailed reports required from the carriers
subject to the act shall contain statistics for the
twelve mouths ending June 30 in each year or
Dec. 31, if the commission by order substitute
that period for the year ending June 30.
Sec. 16. Nothing in the act shall undo or impair
any proceedings heretofore taken by or before the
interstate commission.
STOCK AND BOND COMMISSION.
Sec. 16. That the president is hereby authorized
to appoint a commission to investigate questions
pertaining to the issuance of stocks and bonds by
railroad corporations, subject to the provisions of
the act to regulate commerce, and the power of
congress to regulate or affect the same and to fix
the compensation of the members of such commis-
sion. Said commission shall be and is hereby author-
ized to employ experts to aid in the work of inquiry
and examination, and such clerks, stenographers
and other assist.-ints as may be necessary, which
employes shall be paid such compensation as the
commission may deem just and reasonable upon a
certificate to be issued by the chairman of the
commission. The several departments and bureaus
of tiie government shall detail from time to time
such officials and employes and furnish such infor-
mation to the commission as may be directed by
the president. For the purposes of its investiga-
tions the commission shall be authorized to incur
and have paid upon the certificate of its chair-
man such expenses as the commission shall deem
necessary; provided, however, that the total e-
penses authorized or incurred under the provisions
of this section for compensation, employes or
otherwise shall not exceed the sum of $25,000.
[The following were appointed Sept. 3, 1910, as
members of the stock and bond commission author-
ized by this section: Dr. Arthur T. Hadley, pres-
ident of Yale university, chairman; Frederick N.
Judson, St. Louis, Mo. ; Frederick Strauss, New
York, N. Y. ; Walter L. Fisher, Chicago, 111. ;
Prof. H. B. Meyer, Madison, Wis.]
Sec. 17. That no interlocutory injunction sus-
pending or restraining the enforcement, operation
or execution of any statute of a state by re-
straining the action of any officer of such state
in the enforcement or execution of such statute
shall be issued or granted by any Justice of the
Supreme court or by any Circuit court of the
United States or by any judge thereof or by any
district judge acting as circuit judge, upon the
ground of the uncqnstitutionality of such statute
unless the application for the same shall be pro-
xented to a justice of the Supreme court of the
United States or to a circuit judge or to a district
judge acting as circuit judge, and shall be heard
and determined by three judges, of whom at least
one shall be a justice of the Supreme court of the
United States or a circuit judge, and the other
two may be either circuit or district judges, and
unless a majority of said three judges shall con-
cur in granting such application. Whenever such
application as aforesaid is presented to a justice
cf the Supreme court of the United States or to
a judge be shall immediately call to his assistance
1o hear and determine the application two other
judges; provided, however, that one of such three
judges shall be a justice of the Supreme court of
the United States or a circuit judge. Said appli-
cation shall not be heard or determined before at
loast five days' notice of the hearing has been
given to the governor and to the attorney-general
of the state and to such other persons as may be
defendants in the suit; provided, that if of opin-
ion that irreparable loss or damage would result
to the complainant unless a temporary restraining
order is granted, any justice of the Supreme
court of the United States or any circuit or dis-
trict judge may grant such temporary restraining
order at any time before such hearing and de-
termination of the application for an Interlocutory
injunction, but such temporary restraining order
shall only remain in force until the hearing and
determination of the application for an interlocutory
injunction upon mtice as aforesaid. The hearing
upon such application for an interlocutory injunc-
tion shall bo given precedence and shall be In
every way expedited and be assigned for a hear-
ing at the earliest practicable day after the ox-
jMration of the notice hereinbefore provided for.
An appeal may be taken directly to the Supreme
40
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
court of the United States from the order granting
or denying, after notice and hearing, an inter-
locutory injunction in such case.
Sec. 18. That this act shall take effect and be
in force from and after the expiration of sixty
days after its passage, except as to sections 12
and 16, which sections shall take effect and be In
force immediately. (Approved June 18, 1910.)
POSTAL SAVINGS BANK LAW.
(Text in full.)
An act to establish postal savings depositories
for depositing savings at interest with the secur-
ity of the government for repayment thereof and
for other purposes.
Bo it enacted by the senate and house of repre-
sentatives of the United States of America in
congress assembled, that there be and is hereby
created a board of trusttes for the control, super-
vision and administration of the postal savings
depository offices designated and established under
the provisions of this act, and of the funds re-
ceived as deposits at such postal savings depos-
itory offices by virtue thereof. Said board shall
consist of the postmaster-gt-neral, the secretary of
the treasury and the attorney-general, severally,
acting ex offlcio, and shall have power to make ail
necessary and proper regulations for the receipt,
transmittal, custody, deposit, investment and re-
payment of the funds deposited at postal sav-
ings depository offices.
The board of trustees shall submit a report to
congress at the beginning of each regular session
showing by states and territories (for the preced-
ing fiscal year) the number and Barnes of post-
offices receiving deposits, the aggregate amount of
deposits made therein, the aggregate amount of
withdrawals therefrom, the number of depositors
in each, the total amount standing to the credit
of all depositors at the conclusion of the year,
the amount of such deposits at interest, the
amount of interest received thereon, the amount
of interest paid thereon, the amount of deposits
surrendered by depositors for bonds issued by
authority of this act and the number and amount
of unclaimed deposits. Also the amount invested
in government securities by the trustees, the
amount of extra expense of the postoffice depart-
ment and the postal service incident to the oper-
ation of the postal savings depository system,
the amount of work done for the savings depos-
itory system by the postofflce department and
postal service in -the transportation of free mnil
and sll other facts which it may deem pertinent
and proper to present.
Sec. 2. That the postmaster-general is hereby
directed to prepare and issue special stamps of
the necessary denominations for use, in lieu of
penalty or franked envelopes, in the transmittal
of free mail resulting from the administration of
this act.
Sec. 3. That said board of trustees is hereby
authorized and empowered to designate such post-
offcf-s as it may select to be postal savings de-
pository offices, and each and every postofflce so
designated by order of said board is hereby de-
clared to be n postal savings depository office
within the meaning of this act and to be author-
ized and required to receive deposits of funds
from the public and to account for and dispose
of the same, according to the provisions of this
act and the regulations made in pursuance there-
of. Each postal savings depository office shall be
kept open for the transaction of business during
Buch hours as the postmaster-general, with the
approval of the board of trustees, shall direct.
ACCOUNTS AND PASS BOOKS.
Sec. 4. That accounts may he opened and de-
posits made in any postal savings depository es-
tablished under this act by any person of the
age of 10 years or over, in his or her own name,
and by a married woman in nor own name and
free from any control or interference by her
husband, but no person shall at the same time
havr> more than one postal savings account in his
<ir her own right.
Sec. 5. That the postmaster at a postal savings
depository office shall, upon the making of an ap-
plication to open an account under this act and
the submission of an initial deposit, deliver to the
depositor a pass look free or cost, upon which
shall be written the name and signature or mark
of the depositor and such other memoranda as
may be necessary for purposes of identification,
in which pass oook entries of all deposits and
withdrawals shall be made in both figures and
writing; provided, that the postmaster-general
may, with the approval of the board of trustees,
adopt some other device or devices in lieu of a
pass book as a means of making and preserving
evidence of deposits and withdrawals.
Sec. 6. That at least $1 or a larger amount in
multiples thereof must be deposited before an ac-
count Is opened with the person depositing the
same, and $1 or irultiples thereof may be depos-
ited after such account has been opened, but no
one shall be permitted to deposit more than $100
in any one calendar month; provided that in or-
der that smaller amounts may be accumulated for
.deposit any person, may purchase for 10 cents from
any depository office a postal savings card to which
may be attached specially prepared adhesive
stamps, to be known as "postal savings stamps,"
and when the stamps so attached amount to $1 or
a larger sum in multiples thereof, including th
10-cent postal savings card, the same may be
presented as a deposit for opening! an account, and
additions may be made to any account by means
of such card and stamps in amounts of $1 or
multiples thereof, and when a card and stamps
thereto attached are accepted as a deposit the post-
master shall immediately cancel the same. It la
hereby made the duty of the postmaster-general
to prepare such postal savings cards and postal
savings stamps of denominations of 10 cents and
to keep them on sale at every postal savings de-
pository office, and to prescribe all necessary rule*
and regulations for the issue, sale and cancella-
tion thereof.
Sec. 7. That interest at the rate of 2 per
centum per annum shall be allowed and entered
to the credit of each depositor once in each year,
the same to be computed cm such basis and under
Kucii rules and regulations as the board of trus-
tees may prescribe, but interest shall not be com-
muted or allowed or. fractions of a dollar. Provid-
ed, that the balance to the credit of any one per-
son shall never be allowed to exceed $500, exclu-
sive of accumulated interest.
Sec. 8. That any depositor may withdraw the
whole or any part of the funds deposited to his or
her credit, with the accrued Interest, upon demand
and under such regulations as the board of trus-
tees may prescribe. Withdrawals shall be paid
from the deposits in the state or territory, so far
as the postal funds on deposit in such state or ter-
ritory may be sufficient for the purpose, and, so
far as practicable, from the deposits in the com-
munity in which the deposit was made. No bank
in which postal savings funds shall be deposited
shall receive any exchange or other fees or compen-
sation on account of the cashing or collection of
any checks or the performance of any other serv-
ice in connection with the postal savings deposi-
tory system.
DISPOSAL OP FUNDS.
Sec. 9. That postal savings funds received un-
der the provisions of this act shall be deposited
in solvent banks, whether organized under na-
tional or state laws, being subject to national or
state, supervision and examination, and the sums
deposited shall bear interest at the rate of not
less than 2% per centum per annum, which rate
shall be uniform throughout the United States and
territories thereof, but 5 per centum of such funds
shall be withdrawn by the board of trustees and
kept with the treasurer of the United -States, who
shall be treasurer of the board of trustees, in
lawful money as a reserve. The board of trustees
shall take from such banks such security in pub-
lic bonds or other securities, supported by the tax-
ing power, as the board may prescribe, approve
and deem sufficient and necessary to insure the
safety and prompt payment of such deposits on
demand. The funds received at the postal savings
depository offices in each city. town, village and
other locality shall be deposited in banks located
therein (substantially in proportion to the capital
and surplus of each such bank) willing to receive
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
41
each deposits under the terms of this act and the
regulations made by authority thereof, but the
amount deposited iu any one bank shall at no
time erceed the amount of the paid-in capital and
one-half the surplus of such bank. If no such
bank exists in any city, town, village or locality,
or if none where such deposits are made will re-
ceive such deposit on the terms prescribed, then
Buch funds shall be deposited under the terms of
this act in the bank most convenient to such
locality. If no such bank in any state or terri-
tory is willing to receive such deposits on the
terms prescribed, then the same shall be deposited
with the treasurer of the board of trustees, and
shall be counted in making up the reserve of 5 per
centum. Such funds may be withdrawn from the
treasurer of said board of trustees and all other
postal savings funds or any part of such funds may
be at any time withdrawn from banks and savings
depository offices for the repayment of postal sav-
ings depositors when required for that purpose. Not
exceeding 30 per centum of the amount of eucn
funds may at any time be withdrawn by the trus-
tees for investment in bonds or other securities
of the United States, it being the intent of this
act that the residue of such funds, amounting to
f.9 per centum thereof, shall remain on deposit In
the banks in each state and territory willing to
receive the same under the terms of this act, and
t-ii.-ill be a working balance and also a fund which
may be withdrawn for investment In bonds or
other securities of the United States, but only by
direction of the president, and only when. In his
judgment, the general welfare and the Interests
of the United States so require. Interest and
profit accruing from the deposits or Investment of
postal savings funds shall be applied to the pay-
ment of interest due to postal savings depositors
as hereinbefore provided, and the excess thereof,
If any, shall be covered into the treasury of the
United States as a part of the postal revenue;
provided, that postal savings funds In the treas-
ury of said board shall be subject to disposition as
provided in this act, and not otherwise; and pro-
vided further, that the board of trustees may at
any time dispose of bonds held as postal savings
Investments and use the proceeds to meet with-
drawals of deposits by depositors. For the pur-
poses of this act the word "territory," as used
herein, shall be held to Include the District of
Columbia, the District of Alaska and Porto Rico,
and the word "bank" shall be held to include
savings banks and trust companies doing a bank-
ing business.
UNITED STATES BONDS.
Sec. 10. That any depositor In a postal savings
depository may surrender his deposit or any part
thereof, in sums of $20. $40, $60, $80, $100 and
multiples of . $100 and $500, and receive in Hen of
euch surrendered deposits, under such regulations
as may be established by the board of trustees,
the amount of the surrendered deposits In United
States coupon or registered bonds of the denomi-
nations of $20, $40, $60, $80, $100 and $500, which
bonds shall bear Interest at the rate 2% per
centum per annum, payable semiannually and be
redeemable at the pleasure of the United States
after one year from the date of their issue and
payable twenty years from such date, and both
principal and interest shall be payable In United
States gold coin of the present standard of value:
provided, that the bonds herein authorized shall
be issued only (first) when there are outstand-
ing bonds of the United States subject to call.
In which case the proceeds of the bonds shall be
applied to the redemption at par of outstanding
bonds of the United States subject to call, and
(second) at times when under authority of law
other than that contained in this act the govern-
ment desires to issue bonds for the pur-
pose of replenishing the treasury, in which case
the issue of bonds under authority of this act
shall be In lieu of the Issue of a like amount of
bonds Issnable under authority of law other than
that contained In this act: provided further, that
the bonds authorized by this act shall be Issued
by the secretary of the treasury under such regu-
lations as he may prescribe; and provided further.
that the authority contained In section nine of
this act for the investment of postal savings
funds in United States bonds shall include the
authority to invest in the bonds herein author-
ized whenever such bonds may be lawfully issued;
and provided further, that the bonds herein auth-
orized shall be exempt from all taxes or duties of
the United States, as well as from taxation in any
form by or under state, municipal or local au-
thority; and provided further, that no bonds author-
ized by this act shall be receivable by the treas-
urer of the United States as security for the is-
sue of circulating notes by national banking asso-
ciations.
Sec. 11. That whenever the trustees of the pos-
tal savings fund have in their possession funds
available for investment in United States bonds
they may notify the secretary of the treasury of
the amount of such funds in their hands which
they desire to invest in bonds of the United
States subject to call, whereupon, if there are
United States bonds subject to call, the secretary
of the treasury shall call for redemption an
amount of such bonds equal to the amount of the
funds In the hands of the trustees which the
trustees desire to thus invest, and the bonds so
called shall be redeemed at par with accrued In-
terest at the treasury of the United States on and
after three months from the date of such call,
and Interest on the said bonds shall thereupon
cease: Provided, that the said bonds when re-
deemed shall be reissued at par to the trustees
without change 5n their terms as to rate of inter-
est and date of maturity; and provided further,
that the bonds so reissued may. In the discretion
of the secretary of the treasury, be called for re-
demption from the trustees in like manner as they
were originally called for redemption from their
former owners whenever there are funds in the
treasury of the United States available for such
redemption.
Sec. 12. That postal savings depository funds
shall be kept separate from other funds by post-
masters and other officers and employes of the
postal service, who shall be held to the same ac-
countability under their bonds for such funds as
for public moneys, and no person connected with
the postofllce department shall disclose to any
person other than the depositor the amount of any
deposits, unless directed so to do by the postmas-
ter-general. All statutes relating to the safe-
keeping of and proper accounting for postal re-
ceipts are made applicable to postal savings funds
and the postmaster-general may require postmas-
ters, assistant postmasters and clerks at postal
savings depositories to give any additional bond
he may deem necessary.
COMPENSATION OF POSTMASTERS.
Sec. 13. That additional compensation shall be
allowed postmasters at postoflices of the fourth
class for the transaction of postal savings de-
pository business. Such compensation shall not
exceed % of 1 per centum on the average sum
upon which interest is paid each calendar year
on receipts at such postofflce, and shall be paid
from the postal revenues, but postmasters, assist-
ant postmasters, clerks or other employes at post-
offices of the presidential grade shall not receive
any additional compensation for such service.
Sec. 14. That the sum of $100,000 is hereby ap-
propriated out of any money in the treasury not
otherwise appropriated, or so much thereof as may
be necessary, to enable the postmaster-general and
the board of trustees to establish postal savings
depositories in accordance with the provisions of
this act, including the reimbursement of the sec-
retary of the treasury for expenses incident to
the preparation, issue and registration of the
bonds authorized In this act, and the postmaster-
general Is authorized to require postmasters and
other postal officers and employes to transact. In
connection with their other duties, such postal
savings depository business as may be necessary,
and be is also authorized to make and with the
approval of the board of trustees to promulgate
and from time to time to modify or revoke, subject
to the approval of said board, such rules and reg-
ulations not In conflict with law as he may deem
necessary to carry the provisions of this act Into
effect.
Sec. 15. That all the safeguards provided Dy
law for the protection of public moneys and all
42
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
statutes relating to the embezzlement, conversion,
improper handling, retention, use or disposal of
postal and money-order funds and the punishments
provided for such offenses are hereby extended
and made applicable to postal savings depository
fuiids and all statutes relating to false returns of
postal and money-order business, the forgery,
counterfeiting, alteration, improper use or hand-
ling of postal and money-order blanks, forms,
vouchers, accounts and records, and the dies,
plates and engraving's therefor, with the penalties
provided in such statutes, are hereby extended
and made applicable to postal savings depository
business, and the forgery, counterfeiting, altera-
tion, improper use or handling of postal savings
depository blanks, forms, vouchers, accounts and
records and the dies, plates and engravings there-
for.
Sec. 16. That the faith of the United States ia
solemnly pledged to the payment of the deposits
made in postal savings depository offices, with
accrued interest thereon as herein provided.
Sec. 17. That the final judgment, order or de-
cree of any court of competent jurisdiction ad-
judicating any right or interest in the credit of
tny sums deposited by any person with a postal
savings depository if the same shall not have been
appealed from and the tim~ for appeal has ex-
pired shall, upon submission to the postmaster-
general of a copy of the same, duly authenticated
in the manner provided by the laws of the United
States for the authentication of the records and
JudU-ial proceedings of the courts of any state or
territory or of any possession subject to the juris-
diction of the United States, when the same are
proved or admitted within any other court within
Ihe United States, be accepted and pursued by
the board of trustees as conclusive of the title,
right, interest or possession so adjudicated and
any payment of said sum in accordance with such
order, judgment or decree shall operate as a full
and complete discharge of the United States from
the claim cr demand of any person or persons to
the same. [Approved, June 25, 1910.]
ADMISSION OF NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA.
The qualified electors of the territory of New
Mexico are authorized to vote for and choose dele-
gates to form a constitutional convention for the
purpose of framing a constitution for the proposed
state of New Mexico. The convention shall con-
sist of 100 delegates apportioned equitably among
the several counties of the territory in accordance
with the voting population, as shown by the vote
for delegate in congress at the election of 1908.
Within thirty days after the approval of this
act the governor of the territory shall order an
election of such delegates on a day specified, not
earlier than sixty nor later than ninety days after
the approval of the act. The election shall be
conducted under the same rules as obtain in other
elections in the territory. The delegates elected
shall meet in the hall of the house of representa-
tives in the capital of New Mexico at noon on
the fourth Monday after their election and they
shall receive compensation for the period they are
actually in session, but not for more than sixty
days in all. After organization they shall de-
clare on behalf of the! people of the proposed state
that they adopt the constitution of the United
States, whereupon the convention shall form a
constitution and provide for a state- government.
The constitution shall be republican in form and
make no distinction in civil or political rights on
account of race or color, and shall not be repug-
nant to the constitution of the United States and
the principles of the declaration of independence.
And the convention shall provide by an ordi-
nance irrevocable without the consent of the peo-
ple of the United States and of the said state:
1. That perfect toleration of religious sentiment
shall be secured, that polygamy and the sale of
liquor to Indians shall be forever prohibited.
2. That the people of the proposed state do
agree and declare that they forever disclaim all
right and title to the ungranted public lands lying
within Its boundaries and to Indian lands acquired
from the United States; that lands and other
property belonging to nonresident citizens shall
never be taxed at a higher rate than the lands
and prooerty of residents; that no taxes shall be
imposed upon lands or property of the United
States.
3. That the debts of the territory and of the
counties thereof shall be assumed and paid by the
state.
4. That provision shall be made for the estab-
lishment and maintenance of a system of public
schools, open to all the children of the state and
free from sectarian control, and that they shall
be conducted in English.
5. That the state shall never enact any law
restricting the right of suffrage on account of
race, color or previous condition of servitude, and
that ability to read, write, speak and understand
the English language sufficiently well to conduct
the duties of the office without the aid of an in-
terpreter shall be a necessary qualification for all
state officers and members of the state legislature.
6. That the capital of the state shall, until
changed by the electors of the state voting at an
election provided by the legislature for that pur-
pose, be in the city of Santa Fe, but no election
shall be called prior to Dec. 31, 1925.
7. That there be and are reserved to the United
States, with the full acquiescence of the state, all
the rights and powers for carrying out the provi-
sions of the act appropriating the receipts from
the sale of public latods in certain states and ter-
ritories to the construction of irrigation works.
8. That when Indian lands are allotted, sold or
disposed of, they shall be subject fo,r a period of
twenty-five years to the laws of the United States
prohibiting the introduction of liquor into the In-
dian country.
9. That the state and its people consent to all
the provisions of this act concerning the lands
granted or confirmed to the state, to the terms
upon which they are made and the means of en-
forcing such terms, as in this act provided.
When the constitution shall be formed the con-
vention shall provide for its submission to the
people of New Mexico for ratification at an elec-
tion to be held on a day not earlier than sixty
nor later than ninety days after the convention
adjourns. The returns shall be canvassed on the
third Monday after the election. If the constitu-
tion is rejected the governor shall order the con-
stitutional convention to reassemble at a date not
later than twenty days after he receives the docu-
ments showing the rejection of the constitution
and thereafter a new constitution shall be framed.
When the constitution and such provisions there-
of as have been separately submitted shall have
been ratified by the people of New Mexico, a cer-
tiflel copy of the same shall be submitted to the
president of the United States and to congress for
approval. If congress and the president approve
the constitution and the separate provisions, or,
if the president approves the same and congress
fails to disapprove it during the next regular ses-
sion thereof, then the president shall certify such
facts to the governor of New Mexico, who shall
within thirty days order an election for state and
county officers, members of the legislature, mem-
bers of congress and such other officers as are
provided for in the state constitution.
When the election has been held, the governor
shall certify the result to the president of the
United States, who thereupon shall issue his proc-
lamation announcing the result of the election.
Upon the issuance of this proclamation the pro-
posed state of New Mexico shall be deemed ad-
mitted by congress into the union on an equal
footing with the other states.
The usual provisions are made for setting aside
certain lands for school and university purposes.
The state, when admitted, shall constitute one
judicial district, which shall be attached to the
eighth judicial circuit. The Circuit and District
courts shall be held at the capital of the state.
The sum of $100.000 is appropriated for defraying
the expenses incident to the elections and con-
vention provided for in the act.
ARIZONA.
The sections of the act relating to the admission
of Arizona are similar in nearly all respects to
those concerning Now Mexico. The delegates to
the constitutional convention shall number fifty-
two. The capital shall be at Phoenix until changed
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
43
at an election, which, however, cannot be held
prior to Dec. 31, 1925. (Approved June 20, 1910.)
PUBLICITY OF CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS.
The terra "political committee" in this act shall
include the national committees of all political
parties and the national congressional campaign
committees of all political parties and all com-
mittees, associations or organizations which shall
in two or more states influence the result or at-
tempt to influence the result of a congressional
election.
Kver"y political committee as defined in this act
shall have a chairman and a treasurer. It shall
be the duty of the treasurer to keep a detailed
and exact account of all money or its equivalent
received by or promised to such committee or any
member thereof or by or to any person acting
under its authority or in its behalf, and the name
of every person, firm, association or committee
from whom received and of all expenditures, dis-
bursements and promises of payment or disburse-
ment made by the committee or any member
thereof, or by any person acting under its autho---
ity or in its behalf and to whom paid, distributed
or disbursed. No officer or member of such com-
mittee or other person acting under its authority
or in its behalf shall receive any money or its
equivalent or expend or promise to expend any
money on behalf of such committee until after a
chairman or treasurer of such committee shall
have been chosen.
Every payment exceeding $10 must be evidenced
by a receipted bill stating the particulars of ex-
pense and every such record or receipt shall be
preserved for fifteen months after the election to
which it relates.
Whoever, acting for such political committee,
whether a member thereof or otherwise, receives
any contribution, payment, loan, gift, advance,
deposit or promise of money or its equivalent
shall, on demand, and in any event within five
days after the receipt of such contribution, render
to "the treasurer of the committee a detailed ac-
count of the same, with the name and address
from whom received, and the treasurer shall enter
Ilie same in a ledger or record kept by him for
that purpose.
The treasurer of every such committee shall,
within thirty days after the election at which
representatives in congress were chosen in two or
more states, file with the clerk in the house of rep-
resentatives at Washington, D. O., an itemized,
detailed statement, sworn to by the treasurer and
conforming to the following section of this acr.
The statement shall be preserved for fifteen
months and shall be a part of the public records
of his office and shall be open to public inspection.
The statements required by the preceding section
of the act shall include:
1. The name and address of each person, firm,
association or committee who or which has con-
tributed, promised, loaned or advanced to such
political committee, or any officer, member or
agent thereof, either in one or more items, money
or its equivalent of the aggregate amount or value
of $]00 or more.
2. The total sum contributed, promised, loaned
or advanced to such political committee or to any
officer, member or agent thereof, in amounts less
than $100.
3. The total sum of all contributions, promises,
loans and advances received by such political com-
mittee or any officer, member or agent thereof.
4. The name and address of each person, firm,
association or committee to whom such political
committee or any officer, member or agent thereof
has disbursed, distributed, contributed, loaned, ad-
vanced or promised any sum of money or its
equivalent of the amount or value of $10- or more
and the purpose thereof.
5. The total sum disbursed, distributed, contrib-
uted, loaned, advanced or promised by such po-
litical committee or any officer, member or agent
thereof, where the amount or value of such dis-
bursement, distribution, loan, advance or promise
to any one person, firm, association or committeft
in one or more, items is less than $10.
6. The total sum disbursed, distributed, contrib-
uted, loaned, advanced or promised by such polit-
ical committee or any officer, member or agent
thereof.
Every person, firm, association or committee,
except political committees as hereinbefore de-
fined, that shall expend or promise any sum of
money or other tiling of value amounting to $50
or more for the purpose of influencing or control-
ling in two or more states the result of an elec-
tion at whiqh representatives to the congress of
the United States are elected, unless he or It
shall contribute the same to a political commit-
tee as hereinbefore defined, shall file the state-
ments of the same under oath in the office of the
clerk of the house of representatives at Washing-
ton, D. C., which statements shall be held by the
clerk in all respects as required by this act.
Any person may in connection with such elec-
tion incur and pay from his own private funds for
the purpose of influencing or controlling in two or
more states the result of an election at which rep-
resentatives to the congress of the United States
sions of this actr.
Nothing contained in this act shall limit or af-
fect the right of any person to spend money for
proper legal expenses in maintaining or contesting
the results of any election.
Every person willfully violating any of the pro-
visions of this act shall upon conviction be fined
not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than
one year or both. [Approved June 25, 1910.]
IN AID OF CONSERVATION.
BONDS FOB IRRIGATION PKOJECTS.
To enable the secretary of the interior to com-
plete government reclamation projects heretofore
begun, the secretary of the treasury is authorized
to transfer from time to time to the credit of the
reclamation fund authorized by the act of June 17.
1902, such sum or sums, not exceeding in the ag-
gregate $20,000,003. as the secretary of the interior
may deem necessary to complete such reclamation
projects and such extensions thereof as he may
deem proper and necessary for the successful and
profitable operation thereof, or to protect water
rights pertaining thereto claimed by the United
States. Such sum or sums are appropriated but no
part of the appropriation shall be expended upon
any existing project until it shall have been ex-
amined and reported upon by a board of engineers
of the army designated by the president, and until
it shall be approved by the president. No portion
of the appropriation shall be expended upon any
new project.
To provide the money for such advances to the
reclamation fund, the secretary of the treasury is
authorized to issue certificates of indebtedness, in
denominations of $50 or multiples of that sum,
redeemable at any time three years after date of
issue and to bear interest not to exceed 3 per
cent per annum. All citizens of the United States
are to be given an equal opportunity to subscribe
for the bonds. [Approved June 25, 1910.]
WITHDRAWALS OP PUBLIC LANDS.
The president may, at any time in his discre-
tion, withdraw from settlement, location, sale or
entry any of the public lands of the United States,
including Alaska, and reserve the same for water-
power sites, irrigation, classification of lands or
other ptiMic purposes to be specified in the orders
of withdrawals and such withdrawals shall remain
in force until revoked by him or by an act of
congress. All lands so withdrawn shall at all
times be open to exploration, discovery, occupation
and purchase, under the mining laws of the
United States, so far as the same apply to min-
erals other than coal, oil, gas nnd phosphates.
Hereafter no forest reserve shall be created or
any additions be made to those now existing in
Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Colorado or
Wyoming, except by act of congress. [Approved
June 26, 1910.]
TEMPORARY WITHDRAWALS OF PUBLIC LANDS.
To aid in carrying out the purposes of section 4
of the act of Aug. 18, 1894, making appropriations
for the sundry civil expenses of the government
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
and for other purposes, it shall be lawful for the
secretary of the Interior, upon application by the
proper officer of any state or territory to which
the section applies, to withdraw temporarily from
settlement or entry areas for which the state or
territory proposes to make application, pending the
investigation and survey preliminary to the filing
of maps and plats and application for segregation
by the state or territory. If the state or territory
does not present its application for segregation
and maps and plats within one year after such
temporary withdrawal the lands shall be restored
to entry. [Approved March 15, 1910.]
WHITE-SLAVE TRAFFIC ACT.
Any person who shall transport or assist In any
way in transporting, in interstate or foreign com-
merce, any woman or girl for any immoral pur-
pose shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, upon
conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not ex-
ceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment of not more
than flve years, or by both. Any person who
shall knowingly induce any woman or girl under
18 years of age to go from one state to any other
state for an immoral purpose, and in furtherance
of that purpose shall induce her to be carried as
a passenger upon the line of any interstate rail-
road, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on
conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than
$10,000, or by imprisonment for a term of not more
than ten years, or by both. The commissioner-
general of immigration of the United States 5s
designated as the authority to receive and central-
ize information concerning the procuration of alien
women and girls for immoral purposes, to exercise
Bupervision over such women, establish their
Identity and ascertain from them who Induced
them to leave their native countries. Any person
harboring for immoral purposes any alien woman
or girl within three years after she shall have
entered the United States must file with the com-
missioner-general of Immigration a statement giv-
ing all the facts as to port of entry, name, age,
nationality, parentage, etc. Any such person fall-
ing to file such statement' shall be deemed guilty
of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more
than $2,000 or by imprisonment of not exceeding
two years, or by both. [Approved June 25, 1910.]
IMMIGRATION LAW AMENDED.
Section 2 of the act of Feb. 20, 1907, to regulate
the immigration of aliens into the United States
is amended so as to include among the excluded
classes women and girls of immoral character or
who are brought to this country for immoral pur-
poses. Section 3 of the same act is amended so
as to provide for the prosecution and punishment
of any person importing any alien for immoral
purposes and for the deportation of such alien.
[Approved March 26, 1910.]
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY.
The act entitled "An act relating to the liabil-
ity of common carriers by railroad to their em-
ployes in certain cases," approved April 22, 1908,
is amended in section 6 so that the section reads:
"That no action shall be maintained under this
act unless commenced within two years from the
jay the cause of action accrued. Under this act
an action may be brought in a Circuit court of
the United States, in the district of the residence
of the defendant, or in which the cause of action
arose, or in which the defendant shall be doing
business at the time of commencing such action.
The jurisdiction of the courts of the United States
under this act shall be concurrent with that of
the courts of the several states, and no case aris-
ing under this act and brought in any state court
cf x>mpetent jurisdiction shall be removed to any
court of the United States."
The act is further amended by adding the fol-
lowing section:
"That any right of action given by this act to
a person suffering injury shall survive to his or
her personal representative, for the benefit of the
surviving widow or husband and children of such
employe, and. if none, then of such employe's par-
ents, and. if none, then of the next of kin de-
pendent upon such employe, but in such cases
there shall be only one recovery for the same In-
jury." [Approved April 5, 1910. J
COMMISSION CREATED.
Resolved, That a commission be created consist-
ing 1 of two members of the senate, to be appointed
by the president of tho senate, and two members
of the "house, to be appointed by the speaker
thereof, together with two persons to be selected
by the president of the United States, for the
purpose of making a thorough investigation of the
subject of employer's liability and workman's com-
pensation, said commission to report through the
president to congress not later than the first Mon-
day in December, 1911. [Joint resolution, approved
June 25, 1910.]
RAILROADS TO REPORT ACCIDENTS.
It shall be the duty of the general manager,
superintendent or other proper officer of every
common carrier engaged in interstate commerce to
niake to the interstate-commerce commission, at
its office in Washington, a monthly report, under
oath, of all collisions, derailments or other acci-
dents resulting !n injury to persons, equipment or
roadbed, arising from the operation of such rail-
road. Any common carrier failing to make such
report within thirty days after the end of any
month shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor
end upon conviction shall be punished by a fine
of not more than $100 for each offense and for
every day during which it fails to make such re-
port after the time specified. The interstate-com-
merce commission shall have power to Investigate
railroad accidents, and when It deems it of public
Interest make reports giving the causes and mak-
ing such recommendations as it may deem fit.
Such reports shall be made public. [Approved
May 6. 1910.]
COMMISSION OF FINE ARTS.
There Is created a permanent commission of fine
arts to be composed of seven well-qualified judges
of the fine arts, who shall be appointed by the
president and shall serve four years each. Thi'
duty of the commission shall be to advise upon
the location of statues, fountains and monuments
in the District of Columbia and upon the selection
of models for statues, fountains and monuments
erected under the authority of the United States
end upon the selection of artists for the execution
of the same. The commission shall also advise
generally upon questions of art when required to
do so by the president of the United States or by
any committee of either house of congress. The
commission shall have a secretary and such other
assistance as the commission may authorize. To
meet the expenses made necessary by the act an
expenditure of not exceeding $10.000 a year is
authorized. [Approved May 17, 1910.]
GLACIER NATIONAL PARK.
The tract of land In northern Montana lying be-
tween the international boundary on the north,
the Flathead river on the west, the middle fork
of the Flnthead river and the Great Northern
right of way on the south and the Blackfeet In-
dian reservation on the east is withdrawn from
settlement or disposal under the laws of the
United States and is set anart as a public park
or pleasure grouml for the benefit and enjoyment
of the people of the United States under the name
of "The Glacier National Park." The park shall
be under the exclusive control of the secretary of
the interior. [Approved May 11, 1910.]
[The new national park covers the main range
of the Rocky mountains between the Great North-
ern railroad and Canada and includes some of the
finest mountain scenery in the United States. The
Sperry glacier and Lakes McDonald and St. Mary
nre among the interesting features.]
UNIVERSAL PEACE COMMISSION.
Resolved. That a commission of flve members be
appointed by the president of the United States to
consider the expediency of utilizing existing In-
ternational agencies for the purpose of limiting
the armaments of the nations of the world by In-
ternational agreement and of constituting the com-
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOR 1911.
45
btned navies of the world an international force
for the preservation of universal peace and to
consider and report upon any other means to di-
minish the expenditures of government for mili-
tary purposes and to lessen the probabilities of
war: Provided, That the total expense authorized
by this joint resolution shall not exceed the sum
of $10,000 and that the said commission shall be
required to make final report within two years
from the date of the passage of this resolution.
[Joint resolution approved June 25, 1?10.]
BUREAU OP LIGHTHOUSES.
There shall hereafter be in the department of
commerce and labor a bureau of lighthouses and a
commissioner of lighthouses, to be appointed by
the president at a salary of $5,000 per annum.
There shall also be a deputy commissioner at a
salary of $4,000 per annum, a chief clerk, a chief
constructing engineer, a superintendent of naval
construction and such other employes as may from
time to time be authorized by congress. All the
employes of the old lighthouse board, except army
and navy officers, are transferred to the new bu-
reau. The commissioner of lighthouses, with the
approval of the secretary of commerce and labor,
as soon as practicable, shall rearrange the ocean,
gulf and lake coasts of the United States, Porto
Rico and the naval station in Cuba into not ex-
ceeding nineteen lighthouse districts with an in-
spector for each. [Approved June 17, 1910.]
BUREAU OP MINES.
There is established In the department of the In-
terior a bureau to be called the bureau of mines
and a director of the bureau, who shall be thor-
oughly equipped for the duties of the office by
technical education and experience. He Is to be
appointed by the president and Is to have an an-
nual salary of $6,000. It Is the province and duty
of the bureau to Investigate mining methods, espe-
cially In relation to the safety of miners, and the
best means of preventing accidents. The secretary
of the interior Is authorized to transfer to the
new bureau from the United States geological sur-
vey the supervision of the Investigations of struc-
tural materials, the analyzing and testing of
coals, lignites and other mineral fuel substances,
and the investigation as to the causes of mine
explosions. [Approved May 16, 1910.]
RAISING THE MAINE.
The secretary of war and the chief of engineers
are authorized to provide with all convenient
speed for the raising or the removal of the wreck
of the United States battle ship Maine from the
harbor of Havana. Cuba, and for the proper inter-
ment of the bodies therein in Arlington cemetery,
and the secretary of war is directed to remove the
mast of the Maine and place the same on a proper
foundation in Arlington National cemetery at or
near the spot where the bodies of those who died
through the wreck are interred: Provided, however,
That the consent In proper form of the republic
of Cuba shall be first obtained. The sum of $100,-
000 is appropriated for the work. [Approved May
9, 1910.]
INCREASE OF THE NAVY.
For the purpose of further Increasing the naval
establishment, the president Is authorized (In
naval appropriation bill) to have constructed two
first-class battle ships to cost, exclusive of armor
and equipment, not exceeding $6,000,000 each; two
fleet colliers of fourteen knots trial speed when
carrying not less than 12,500 tons of cargo and
bunker coal, to cost not exceeding $1.000.000 each;
four submarine torpedo boats to cost in the aggre-
gate not exceeding $2,000,000, and six torpedo-boat
destroyers having the highest practicable speed
and to cost In all not to exceed $750,000 each.
[Approved June 24, 1910.]
SAFETY APPLIANCE ACT.
This supplements the "safety appliance" acts of
-March 2, 1893, April 1, 1896, and March 2, 1903, by
requiring all cars to be provided with sill steps
and efficient hand brakes. All cars requiring se-
cure ladders and secure running boards must be
eqnip'ped with such ladders and running boards
and all cars having ladders must also be equipped
with secure hand holds or grab irons on their roofs
at the top of such ladders. [Approved April 14,
1910. ]
WIRELESS APPARATUS ON STEAMSHIPS.
From and after July 1, 1911, every ocean-going
steadier, foreign as well as American, carrying
fifty or more persons, including passengers and
crew, must be equipped with an efficient apparatus
for radio-communication (wireless telegraphy), in
charge of a person skilled In the use of such ap-
paratus, bofore It Is permitted to leave any port
of the United States. [Approved June 24, 1910.]
APPROPRIATIONS BY 61ST CONGRESS-SECOND SESSION.
TITLE OP ACT.
Reported
to house.
Passed
bouse.
Reported
to senate.
Passed
senate.
Law
1910-n.
Law
1209-10.
Agriculture
$13,417,136.00
95,322,707.55
3.986.981.41
10,285,907.09
5,617,200.00
8,513,757.90
33.897,815.00
1,855,249.87
129,037,602.93
155,fi74.000.00
239.812,195.00
36.173.84fi.50
111,804,838.82
$13,330,276.0T
95,297,707.5. r i
3.731,981.41
10.258,067.91
5.B17,200.00
8.798,478.00
33.aT3.295.00
1.855.249.87
127.839,602.98
155.C74.000.00
243.907,020.01!
85.881,746.60
112.302.541.8i
f!3,512.636.00
95.410.5fi7.55
4,119.481.41
10.946.9ffl.99
5.817.200.00
9.920.934. (8
34.<V44.357.00
1.85fi.49.87
130.737,934.38
155.758,000.00
743.907 .020.00
41.732.313.50
117.408.970.02
113,522.636.00
95,440.567.55
4,166.081.41
11.012.960.99
5.S17.200.00
9,981.984.68
34.207,017.00
1.856.649.87
13Ui79.85438
155.758.000.00
243.907,020.00
41,819,113.50
117,618.320.02
$13,487,636.00
95,440.567.50
4,116,081.41
10.608,045.99
5.617.2(10.00
9 266..v.>s.no
34.158,767.00
1.856,249.87
I3i.s50,s>4.38
155.758.000.00
243.907.020.00
41.329.113.50
114.080.101.82
$12,995,036.00
10U95.&83.34
3,613,861.67
10.609,531.49
8.170.111.00
11,854,982.48
32,007.019.00
2.631,521.33
136,935.19(1.05
160.908.000.00
234.IW2.370.00
9.435,750.00
137.696,623.36
District of Columbia
Fortification
Indian
Leeisl ative, etc
Military academy
Navy
Postofflce
River and harbor
Sundry civil
Total
Urgent deficiency, 1910
Deficiency, 1910
844,399,238.97
5.013.836.03
5,737,412.09
847.807,167.07
5,11,325.78
6,364.601.47
S65.203.025.40
5.713.124.79
7,946.946.58
866.737,355.40
5.768.409.65
8.338.490.14
860,976.165.52
5.767,699.22
6.954,986 58
862,735,918.72
} 20,310,339.92
Total
855,150,487.09
859,188,094.27
878.863,096.77
880.844,255.19
873,698.851.32
2.500,000.00
20.000.000.00
883.046.258.64
1,259.515.96
Advances to reclamation fnnd. . . .
896 198 851 32
884.305.774.60
160,096,082.52
Permanent annual
130.934,595.12
Grand total
1,027,133.446.44
1,044,401.857.1
Miscellaneous appropriations (thirteenth census, etc., for 1910), first session, 61st congress, $11,261,410.76.
TOTALS FOR LAST SIX CONGRESSES.
Congress. Years.
Amount.
55th 1899-1900 $1,566,890,016.28
56th 1901-1902 1,440,489,438.87
Years. Amount.
.1903-1904 $'.,553,683.002.57
58th 1905-1906 1,600,053,544.80
Congress.
**,
Congress. Years. Amount.
59th 1907-1908 $1 .799.537,864.70
60th 1908-1909 2,052,411,841.'i9
46
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
ILLINOIS LEGISLATION IN 1910.
[Summary of important laws passed by the 46ta
Dec. 14, 1909, and euding March 2, 191C.]
EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY COMMISSION.
A commission of twelve members is created, to
b" known as the ciuploj ers' liability commission, to
be apuointed by the governor and to consist of six
employers of labor and six persons who are eitner
employes or ar..> known to represent the Interests
of workmen. The duty of the commission shall be
to investigate the problems of industrial accidents,
and especially the law of liability for injuries or
death suffered in the course of industrial employ-
ment in this state and other states and countries,
and to inquire into the most equitable method
of providing for compensation for such accidents.
It -shall report its conclusions to the governor and
submit drafts of such bill or bills as may be
deemed appropriate. The members are to be paid
at the rate of $5 a day each while actually en-
gaged in the work of the commission. [Approved
March 10, 1910.]
MINE-RESCUE STATIONS.
Fo- the purpose of fighting mine flres and saying
lives and property jeopardized by flies, explosions
or other accidents in the coal mines, in Illinois,
there shall be constructed and maintained at pub-
lic expense three rescue stations to serve the
Northern, central and southern coal fields of the
state. The governor shall appoint a commission of
seven members, including two coal-mine operators,
two coal miners, one state mine inspector, one
representative of the University of Illinois mining
department and one representative of the federal
organization for the investigation of mine acci-
dents. The members, except state and federal of-
ficers, are to be paid $10 per day 1 for services ren-
dered, not to exceed twenty-five days in any one
year, and all the members are to be paid their ac-
tual e>- penses. The commission shall secure by
purchase or otherwise sites for the rescue stations,
temporary and permanent quarters and suitable
equipment for the work, the cost of the service to
July 1. 1911, not to exceed $75,000. The state archi-
tect shall furnish plans for the buildings required
by the commission. The commission shall appoint
a' manager for the three stations and the manager
shall appoint for each station a superintendent
and im assistant, each appointee serving for two
years. The manager shall receive $250 a month, the
superintendents $125 a month each and the as-
sistants $75 a month each, all having their
traveling expenses paid. Whenever the manager or
the superintendent at any station shall be notified
that an explosion or accident requiring his services
has occurred at any mine in the state, he shall
proceed immediately -with suitable equipment and
superintend the work of the rescue corps in sav-
ing life and property; he shall have authority over
the mining property to such an extent as is neces-
sary for the protection of human life during such
time as the rescuers are under ground. [Approved
March 4, 1910. J
COMMISSION FORM OF GOVERNMENT.
The act entitled "An act to provide for the in-
corporation of cities and villages" is amended
by adding an article to be known as article XIII.
It provides that all cities and villages of Illinois
not exceeding 200.000 in population may adopt the
municipal form of government by proceeding as re-
quired by the amended law. Whenever the elec-
tors of any city or village equal in number to
one-tenth of the votes cast for all the candidates
for mayor or president Of the board of trustees at
the last preceding city or village election shall
petition tho judge of the County court of the
county in which the city or village, or the greater
part of it. is located to submit to a vote the
proposition for the commission form of govern-
ment, it shall be the duty of the judge to submit
such proposition to a special election to be held
within sixty days, or to a general election if it
occurs within that time. If a majority of the
votes cast upon such proposition shall be in favor
of its adoption, the provisions of the act shall
general assembly at the special session beginning
thereby be adopted by such city or village and
shall be in full force and effect.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
On the third Tuesday in April, 1911. and quad-
rennially thereafter, there shall be held a general
municipal election at which there shall be elected
a mayor and four commissioners without regard to
wards. All divisions into wards of such munici-
palities as adopt the act shall be discontinued
and the officers shall be nominated and elected at
largs. The mayor and commissioners elected under
the provisions of this act shall be known as the
council and shall 'hold their respective offices for
the term of four years. Vacancies are to be filled
by appointment by the remaining members of the
council. All candidates to be voted for at elec-
tions at which a mayor and four commissioners
are to he elected shall be nominated by a primary
election from the city or village at large. Candi-
dates for these offices are required to file prior tc'
such primary election statements that they are duly
qualified to hold such offices and petitions from at
least twenty-five qualified voters requesting such
candidacy. The ballots at the primary shall have
no party, platform or principle designated, nor
shall any circle be printed at the head. The two
candidates receiving the highest number of votes
for mayor shall be the candidates whose names
shall be placed upon the ballot at the election
and the eight candidates receiving the highest
number of votes for commissioners, or all such
candidates if less than eight, shall be placed upon
the ballot for commissioners at such municipal
election. Names of candidates may be written in
the blanks provided for the punwse on the mu-
nicipal election ballots. The ballots to be used at
the election are lo be similar to those at the
primary and are to be without party designations
and without a circle at the head. The names are
lo be arranged alphabetically with squares oppo-
site each, the words "Vot* for one" appearing
above the list of candidates for mayor and "Vote
for four" above the list of candidates for commis-
sioners.
POWEBS OF THE COTJNCIL.
Every city or village adopting the commission
form of government shall be governed by a coun-
cil, consisting of the mayor and four commission-
ers, each of whom shall have the right to vote on
all questions coming before the council. Three
members shall constitute a quorum. The mayor
shall preside at all meetings. He shall have no
power to veto any measure, motion, resolution r
ordinance, but all such measures must be signed
by him or by two commissioners inn be recorded.
The council shall have and exercise all the execu-
tive and legislative pcwers and duties now had
and exercised by the mayor, city council, presi-
dent and board of trustees of villages, board of
library trustees, city clerk, city attorney, city en-
gineer, city treasurer, city comptroller and all
other executive, legislative and admiristrative of-
ficers in cities and villages incorporated under the
general incorporation law of Illinois, except that
the board of local improvements shall remain a
teparate and distinct body. Certain park ind
driveway officers and school officials are also ex-
cepted. The executive and administrative powers,
authority and duties shall be distributed among
five departments, as follows:
1. Department of public affairs.
2. Department of accounts and finances.
3. Department of public health and safety.
4. Department of streets and public improve-
ments.
5. Department of public property.
The mayor shall be commissioner of public af-
fairs and superintendent of that department, and
the council shall designate by a majority vote one
commissioner to be commissioner of accounts and
finances, who shall be superintendent of that de-
partment; one to be commissioner of public health
find safety, who shall be superintendent of that
department; one to be commissioner of streets and
public improvements, who shall be superintendent
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOE 1911.
47
of that department, and who, ox offlcio, shall be
coronissioner of public works; and one to be com-
missioner of public property, and as such to re
superintendent of that department. The council
may, in its discretion, elect a city clerk, corpora-
tion counsel, city attorney, treasurer, comptroller,
city physician, chief of police, flre chief, harbor
master, market master, three librnry trustees and
the necessary officers to till the cilices created by
the local improvement act; provided, that the
commissioner of streets shall be ex officio the com-
missioner of public works and a member of the
board of local improvements. Any officer or em-
ploye elected or appointed by the council may be
removed by a majority vote of tne council. The
council sliall have the power, by ordinance, to
create, fill and discontinue offices and employment
other thim those herein prescribed recording to the
needs of the city or village.
civil, SEBVICB.
In all cities and villages which have adopted or
may hereafter adopt the civil-service act, the
council shall not have the power to appoint or
discharge any employe except in accordance with
that act. The council shall have the right to ap-
point the heads of all principal departments, sub-
ordinate to the departments, provided for by the net.
SALARIES.
The mayor and each of the commissioners shall
have an office in the municipal building or rooms,
and shall devote such time to the duties of their
respective offices as a faithful discharge thereof
may require. In cities of 20,000 population they
shall give at least six hours daily to their official
duties. Their annual salaries shall be fixed by
the council according to the population of the city
or village, the salary of the mayor ranging from
|50 to $6,000 a year and the salary of each com-
missioner from $40 to $5,000 a year.
MEETINGS AND ORDINANCES.
Regular meetings of the council shall be held
once a week. The mayor shall preside and shall
supervise all departments. The commissioner of
accounts and finance shall be vice-president of the
council, and in case of vacancy in the office of
mayor or in his absence shall act as mayor. Every
ordinance appropriating any money or ordering any
street improvement 01 sewer or making any con-
tract or granting any franchise shall remain on
file for public inspection, in its complete form, at
least one week before its final passage.
Every grant of any franchise to use the street?,
alleys or public places for railways, gas. water-
works, electric light or other public utilities with-
in the city or village must be approved by a
majority of the electors voting thereon at a gea-
eral or special election.
BECALL OF ELECTIVE OFFICERS.
Every incumbent of an elective office is subjest
to recall and remeval at any time by the elec-
tors. The procedure to effect a removal is sub-
stantially as follows: A petition signed by elec-
tors equal in number to 75 per cent of the total
vote for mayor at the last preceding general mu-
nicipal election shall be filed with the city or
village clerk,, which petition shall contain a gen-
eral statement in not more than 200 words of tho
ground on which the removal or recall Is sought.
All objections to such petition shall be filed and
determined within ten days after the filing of the
same. The petition being sufficient, the clerk
Bhall immediately submit the samo to the coun-
cil and the council shall fix the date for holding
an election to fill the vacancy caused by the recall
or removal. If the officer sought to be recalled
shal' resign within five days after the petition
is filed, the council shall appoint his successor
and no election shall be held. No recall petition
shall be filed against any officer until he has been
In office at least a year.
INITIATIVE.
Any proposed ordinance may be submitted to the
ccurcil by petition signed by electors equal In
number to 25 per cent of all the votes cast for the
candidates for mayor at the last preceding ije.n-
eril municipal election. The council shall either
pa^js such ordinance within thirty flays or, if so
requested in the petition, submit the proposition
to a general or special election. If a majority
of the electors vote in favor of the ordinance it
shall become a valid and binding ordinance, which
cannot be repealed except by a vote of the people.
REFERENDUM.
No ordinance passed by the council, except when
otherwise required by the general laws of the
state or by the provisions of this act, except an
ordinance for the immediate preservation of the
public peace, health or safety, which contains a
statement of its urgency, shall go into effect until
thirty days from its final passage, and if within
that time 'a petition signed by electors equal In
number to at least 10 per cent of the entire vote
cast for all the candidates for mayor at the last
preceding general election, protesting against the
passage of such ordinance, be p-esented to the
council, the ordinance shall be suspended from go-
ing into operation, and it shall be the duty of the
council to reconsider such ordinance, and If the
same is not entirely repealed the council shall
submit the ordinance to the voters for approval or
rejection by a majority vote. [Approved March
9, 1910.]
PRIMARY-ELECTION LAW.
[House bill No. 40. Approved March 9, 1910.']
Section 1 provides that the nomination of all
candidates for all elective state, congressional,
county, city and village (including officers of the
Municipal court of Chicago), town and judicial of-
ficers, members of the state board of equalization,
clerks of the Appellate courts, trustees of sani-
tary districts and for the election of precinct and
state central commit teemen, by all political par-
ties, shall be made in the manner provided in
this act. The act does not apply to the nomina-
tion of candidates for electors of president and
vice-president of the United States, trustees of
the University of Illinois or to township and
school elections.
Sec. 2. Political parties which at the general
election mxt preceding a primary polled more
than 2 per cent of the entire vote cast within the
state, congressional district, county, city, village,
town or other political subdivision are declared to
be political parties within such divisions and shall
nominate all candidates provided for in the act
under the provisions thereof.
Sec. 3. In determining the total vote of a party
the test shall be the total vote cast by such party
for its candidate who received the greatest num-
ber of votes.
?ec. 4. This specifies how certain words and
phrases used in the act shall be construed.
Sec. 5. The primary shall be held at the regular
polling places established for general elections.
DATES OF PRIMARIES.
Sec. 6. A primary shall be held on the second
Tuesday in April in every year in which officers
are to be voted for on the first Tuesday after the
first Monday in November of such year, for the
nomination of candidates for such offices as are to
be voted for at such November election, and shall
be known as the April primary.
A primary shall be held on the second Tuesday
In April in any year in which the judges of the
Supreme court, judges of the Circuit court and
judges of the Superior court of Cook county fire
to be elected on the first Monday of June of such
year for the nomination of candidates for such of-
fices, respectively.
A primary shall be held on the last Tuesday In
February in each year for the nomination of such
officers as are to be voted for on the first Tuesday
of April of such year.
A primary shall be held on the second Tuesday
in March in each year for the nomination of su :h
officers as are to be voted for on the third Tues-
day in April of such year.
A primary for the nomination of all other of-
ficers, nominations for which are required to be
made ui'der the provisions of the act. shall be
held three weeks preceding the date of the gen-
eral election for such offices, respectively.
The polls shall be open from 6 o'clock a. m. to
5 o'clock p. m.
Sec. 7. Any person entitled to vote at such
primary shall be entitled to absent himself from
48
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
his work for two hours between the opening and
closing of the polls without incurring loss of
wages or salary, providing application, shall have
been made on the preceding day. The employer
may specify the hours.
COMMITTEES.
Sec. 8. The following committees shall consti-
tute the central or managing committees* of each
political party. A Etate central committee, a con-
gressional committee for each congressional dis-
trict, a county central committee for each coun-
ty, a city central committee for each city or vil-
lage and a precinct committee for each precinct.
A political party may, however, elect or appoint
other committees in accordance with its practice.
Sec. 9. (1) The state central committee shall
be composed of one member from each congres-
sional district and shall be elected as follows:
At the April primary each primary elector may
vote for one candidate of his party for member ot
the state central committee for the congressional
district in which he resides. The state central
committee of each political party shall be com-
posed of members elected from the several con-
gressional districts of the state and of no others.
(2) At the April primary each primary elector
may write or attach in the space left on the pri-
mary ballot for that purpose the name of one
qualified primary elector of his party In the pre-
cinct for member of his political party precinct
committee. The one having the highest number of
votes shall be such coinmitteeman.
(3) The county central committee of each polit-
ical party shall consist of the various precinct
committees of such party in the county.
.(4) The congressional committees of each polit-
ical party shall be composed of the chairman of
the county central committee of each of the coun-
ties composing the congressional district, except
that in congressional districts wholly within tho
territorial limits of one county or partly within
two counties, the members of the precinct com-
mittees residing within the congressional district
shall compose the congressional committee.
(5) The city central committee of each political
party shall be composed of the precinct committee-
men of such party residing in such city.
(6) Each committee shall have the powers usu-
ally exercised by such committees not inconsistent
with the provisions of this act.
(7) The old political committees are recognized,
and authorized to continue their duties until the
new committees are chosen.
CONVENTIONS.
Sec. 10. (a) On the first Monday after the April
primary the county central committee of each po-
litical party shall meet at the county seat and
organize, such meeting to be called the county con-
vention. The county cenvention of each political
party shall choose delegates to the congressional
and state conventions of its party. Only precinct
cominitteemen residing within a congressional dis-
trict shall take part in the selection of delegates
to a congressional convention. Each delegate to
the county convention shall have one vote and one
additional vote for each fifty or major fraction
thereof of his party as cast in his precinct at ihe
last general election.
(b) All congressional conventions shall be held
on the first Wednesday after the first Monday
next succeeding the April primary. The congres-
sional convention of each political party shall have
power to select delegates to national nominating
conventions and to recommend to the state conven-
tion of its party the nomination of candidate or
candidates from such congressional district for
elector or electors of president a.nd vice-president
of the United States.
(c) All state conventions shall be held on the
first Friday after the first Monday next succeed-
ing the April primary. The state convention of
each political party shall have power to make
nominations of candidates for tho electors of
president and vice-president of the United States,
and for trustees of the University of Illinois, to
adopt any party platform and 1 to select delegates
and alternates to the national nominating cou-
vtentions.
(d) Each convention may perform all other func-
tions' Inherent to such political organization and
not Inconsistent with this act.
(e) At least thirty-three days before the April
primary the state and congressional committees, re-
spectively, of each political party shall file a call
for the state and congressional conventions, giving
the time and place and the number of delegates to
which each county or political subdivision is en-
titled.
Sec. 11. In cities having minority representation
in the city council, the city central committee
shall, at least thirty days prior to the primary, 1x
the number of candidates for alderman in each
of the wards of their city to be nominated by
their party at the primary- for the nomination of
candidates for city offices. In all primaries for the
domination of candidates for aldermen under
minority representation, each qualified minority
elector may cast as many votes for one candidate
as there are candidates to be nominated, or may
distribute the same among the candidates as ho
shall see fit, and the candidate highest In votes
shall be declared nominated.
Sec. 12. At least twenty days before each pri-
mary the county clerk or the city, village or town
or other clerk whose duty it is to give notice of
general elections, shall prepare and post notices
as to the time and place of holding such primary,
the hours during which the polls are open, the of-
fices for which candidates are to be nominated and
the political parties entitled to participate therein.
PRIMARY JUDGES AND CLERKS.
Sec. 13. The judges of general elections are con-
stituted the judges of primary elections.
Sec. 14. It is made the duty of judges of general
elections to act as judges of primary elections un-
til their successors are appointed.
Sec. IB. If one of the primary judges be absent
or refuses to act. the judges present shall appoint
some qualified elector to act in his place; if two
judges are absent the vacancies shall be filled in
the same manner; if all three judges are absarit,
the primary electors present shall select three of
their number to act as judges.
Sec. 16. The primary judges in each precinct,
except in cities having a board of election com-
missioners, shall select three electors to serve as
primary clerks, but not more than two persons of
the same political party shall serve as clerks in
the same precinct. In cities having election com-
missioners, the regularly appointed clerks of elec-
tion shall act as primary clerks.
Sec. 17. This prescribes the form of oath to be
taken by primary judges and clerks.
Sec. 18. In the absence of a notary public or
justice of the peace the judges may administer the
oath to each other and the clerks.
Sec. 19. Primary judges and clerks, except as
otherwise provided, shall have the same powers
and perform the same duties as judges and clerks
of general elections.
Sec. 20. Primary judges and clerks shall receive
the same pay as judges and clerks under the elec-
tion laws of the state.
CHALLENGEBS.
Sec. 21. The precinct committeeman of eaeli
party may appoint in writing two party agents or
representatives with alternates to act as chal-
lengers for their respective parties. Such chal-
lengers shall be protected in the discharge of their
duties by the judges and shall be permitted to re-
main within the polling place in such a position
as will enable them to see each person as he of-
fers to vote.
POLLING BOOTHS.
Bee. 22. The officers whose duty it Is to provide
polling places for general elections shall provide in
each such place properly equipped booths for the
primary elections, enabling voters to prepare their
ballots screened from observation. Ballot boxes
are to be in plain view. The voting booths shall
be not less than one for every seventy-five voters
or fraction thereof. No person shall do any elec-
tioneering on primary day within any polling place
or within 100 feet of any such polling place.
Sec. 23. Primary ballot boxes shall be furnishe'.T
in the same manner and of the same style as
those used at general elections.
Sec. 24. All the necessary primary poll booka
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
40
and other supplies shall be furnished by the same
authorities who furnish such supplies at general
elections.
Sec. 25. The expense of conducting primaries
shall be paid by the same authorities as in the
case of elections.
Sec. 26. This prescribes the form of the primary
poll books.
Sec. 27. (Prescribes the form of the tally sheets.
PETITIONS.
Sec. 28. The name of no candidate for nomina-
tion for state central committeemau shall be placed
on the primary ballot unless a petition for nomi-
nation shall have been filed on his behalf. The
form of the petition is prescribed in detail. Pe-
titions for nomination shall be signed:
(a) If for a state office, by not less than 1.000
nor more than 2,000 primary electors of his party.
(b) If for a congressional office, by at least
one-half of 1 per cent of the qualified primary
electors of his party in his congressional district.
(c) If for a judicial office, by at least one-half
of 1 per cent of the qualified electors in the dlc-
trict
(d) If for a county office, by at least one-half
of 1 per cent of the qualified primary electors of
his party cast at the last preceding general elec-
tion In his county; If for the nomination for
county commissioner of Cook county, then by at
least one-half of 1 per cent of the qualified pri-
mary electors of his party in his county in tho
division in which such person Is a candidate for
nomination.
(e) If for a city or village office, to be filled by
the electors of the entire village, by at least one-
half of 1 per cent of the qualified primary electors
of his party in his city or village? it for alderman,
by at least one-half of 1 per cent of the voters of
his party in his ward.
(f) If for state central commJtteeman, by it
least 100 of the primary electors of his party of
his congressional district.
(g) If for a candidate for trustee of a sanitary
district, by at least one-half of 1 per cent of the
primary electors of his party from such sanitary
district.
(h) If for a candidate for clerk of the Appel-
late court, by at least one-half of 1 per cent of
the primary electors of his party of the district.
(i) If for any other office, by ut least ten pri-
mary electors of his party of the district or divi-
sion for which nomination is made.
Sec. 29. Any candidate for United States sen-
ator may have his name printed upoo the primary
ballot of his party by filing with the secretary of
state not less than thirty days prior to the April
primary a petition signed by not less than 3,000
primary electors, nor more than 5,000 members of
the party of which he is a candidate. The vote
upon candidates for United States senator, however,
shall be for the sole purpose of ascertaining the
sentiment of the voters of the respective parties
in the state as a whole and not by senatorial dis-
tricts.
Sec. 30. This prescribes the manner of filing all
petitions for nominations. Where the nomination
is for a state, congressional, judicial or Appellate
court office or for any office in a district involving
more than one county, the petition is to be filed
with the secretary of state; in other cases it is to
be filed with the county, city or village clerk, as
the case may be.
Sec. 31. Not less than twenty days prior to the
primary the secretary of state shall certify to the
county clerk of each county the names of all can-
dates whose petitions have been filed with him
and who are to be voted for in such county.
PRIMARY BALLOTS.
Sec. 32. The county clerk and the city, village
and town clerk, as the case may be, shall prepare
and have printed the primary ballot of each polit-
ical party for each precinct in his respective-
county, city, village or town.
See. 33. It is made the ditty of the county clerk
of each county to have printed upon the primary
ballot of each party for each precinct in his coun-
ty the name of each candidate whose petition has
been filed in his office or whose name has been
certified to him In- the secretary of state. It
shall be the duty of the city, village or -town
clerk, as the case may be, to have printed upon
the primary ballot the name of each candidate
whose petition has been filed In his office.
Sec. 34. The primary ballot of each political
party shall be printed upon paper of uniform qual-
ity and size, but the primary ballot of no two
parties shall be of the same color.
Sec. 35. This prescribes the arrangement of
names on the primary ballots, the manner In
which they are to be printed and other details.
The name of each office to be filled shall be print-
ed in capital letters and in the order of its im-
portance, beginning with that of United Statea
senator. The names of candidates are to be ar-
ranged in the order in which their petitions were
filed.
Sec. 36. This prescribes the designating worda
to be printed on the back of each primary ballot.
Sec. 37. Specimen ballots of each political party
are to be delivered to primary judges not less than
five days before the opening of the primary, which
ballots shall be posted at the polling place. They
are to be different in texture and color from the
official ballots.
Sec. 38. The official primary ballots are to be
delivered to the primary judges not less than
twelve hours before the opening of the polls, 100
ballots being supplied for each 50 votes at the*
preceding election.
Sec. 39. The official ballots shall be put in sep-
arate staled packages with marks on the outside
showing for what precinct they are intended and
the number of ballots inclosed. A receipt for the-
same shall be given by the primary judge to whom
they are delivered.
Sec. 40. The officer charged with printing the
primary ballots shall keep on hand an extra supply
of ballots for each party and upon a written re-
quest by the judges shall furnish as many extra
ballots as may be required.
METHOD OF VOTING.
Sec. 41. The opening of the polls shall be pro-
claimed by one of the primary judges. Half an
hour before the closing of the polls proclamation
shall be made in like manner that the polls will
be closed in half an hour.
Sec. 42. .Before the voting begins the ballot box
shall be opened and shown to those present to be
empty, after which it shall be locked and the key
delivered to one of the primary judges.
Sec. 43. Every person having resided in the
state one year, in the county ninety days and in
the prtcinct thirty days next preceding the pri-
mary, who was an elector in this state on the
first Jay of April, 1848, or obtained a certificate
of naturalization in this state prior to Jan. 1.
1870, or who shall be a male citizen of the United
States above the age of 21, shall be entitled to
vote at such primary. The following regulations
shall be applicable to such primaries:
No person shall be entitled to vote at a primary
(a) Unless he declares his party affiliations aa
required by this act;
(b) Who shall have signed the petition for
nomination of a candidate of any party with
which he does not affiliate, when such candidate is
to be voted for at such primary; or
(d) If he shall have voted at a primary of an-
other political party within a period of two years
next preceding such primary. Participation in a pri-
mary of a political party which is such within a
city only and is entitled to make nominations for
city offices only shall not disqualify such elector
from participating in other primaries of his party.
In cities having a board of election commissioners
only voters registered as herein provided shall be
entitled to- vote at such primary. The registration
books prepared for and used at the election then
next preceding shall be used for the primary, and
any person therein registered shall be entitled to
vote at the primary unless he shall have removed
from the precinct or become otherwise disquali-
fied. Any person whose name is not on the regis-
try books who is or shall at or before the primary
become a primary elector in the precinct in which
he desires to vote, shall be entitled to vote l>y
filing with the election commissioners, twenty daya
before the primary, an affidavit or affirmation
specifying the facts. His name shall then be
50
CIIICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
placed in the original registration looks. Any pri-
mary elector may, on the eleventh and twelfth days
immediately preceding the primary, file an appli-
cation to ha/ve the name of any person entered on
the registration books by affidavit erased there-
from on the ground that he is not a legal pri-
mary elector of the precinct. Rules for passing
upon such applications by the election commis-
sioners and by the County court upon the applica-
tions of persons whose names have been stricken
from the registry lists are given. The section
concludes :
"It is the intent and meaning of this section
that all primary electors in any and all precincts,
not already registered, in which they are or will
be legally qualified to vote on the day of the pri-
mary, may be given an opportunity to have theii
names placed upon the registry books of the pre-
cinct in which they are, or will be, qualified to
vote on the day of the primary, and this section
shall be liberally construed to effectuate such In-
tent."
[The primary law of 1908 was declared invalid
by the state Supreme court in part because of its
registration requirements, which, it was asserted,
deprived constitutionally qualified voters of their
right to vote at primaries.]
\Sec. 44. Any person desiring to vote at a pri-
mary shall state his name, residence and party
affiliations to the primary judges, one of whom
shall announce the same in a distinct tone of
voice. If the person is not challenged he shall
be given a ballot of his party. If a person Is chal-
lenged he shall not be given a ballot until he shall
have established his right to vote.
Sec. 45. Whenever a person offering to vote at
a primary Is challenged he shall make an affidavit
showing that he is qualified to vote. He must
also present the affidavit of one householder in the
precinct declaring that the person so challenged Is
duly qualified. The forms of these affidavits are
giv^n.
Sec. 46. Prescribes the manner In which a pri-
mary elector is to mark his ballot. This is done
In the usual way by making a cross in the square
in front of the name of each candidate of the
voter's choice for each office to be filled.
Sc. 47. Before leaving the booth, the primary
elector shall fold his ballot so as to ' conceal the
marks thereon and hand it to the primary judge,
who shall deposit it in the ballot box. The pri-
mary clerk snail then enter In the primary poll
book the name of the primary elector, his resi-
dence and party affiliation.
Sec. 48. Any elector unable to read English or
who is physically unable to mark his ballot shall,
upon request, be assisted in the same manner as
is provided for by the general election laws.
Sec. 49. After the opening of the polls no ad-
journment shall be taken until the canvass of all
the votes is completed and the returns are sealed.
CANVASS OF VOTES.
Sec 50. The returns shall be canvassed in the
room where the primary is held and the primary
judges shall not allow the ballot box, ballots, poll
book or tally sheets to be removed until the can-
vass is completed.
Sec. 51. Relates to defective, unused and spoiled
ballots and their disposition.
Sec. 62. This relates to the method of canvass-
ing the primary votes.
Sec. 53. As soon as the ballots have been can-
vassed, the primary clerks shall foot up the tally
sheets so as to show the total number of votes
cast toe each candidate and certify the same to
r-e correct. Thereupon the primary judges shall
enter the result in the poll books in a form which
is specified.
Sec. 54. After the votes of a political party have
been counted, the tally sheets footed and the entry
made in the poll book the ballots shall be strung
upon a strong thread, separately for each politi-
cal party in the order read, and shall then be
sealed in an envelope, properly indorsed.
Soc. 55. The poll books, tally sheets and ballots,
enveloped, sealed and indorsed, shall be put into
the hrnds of the primary judges, who shall, with-
in forty-eight hours thereafter, deliver them to
the clerk from whom the primary ballots wore ob-
tained and who shall keep the same for three
months.
CERTIFICATES OF NOMINATION.
Sec. 56. As soon as the complete returns are de-
livered to the proper clerk they shall be can-
vassed by the proper authorities. Each of the
canvassing boards shall make proclamation of the
results of the primary for each political party and
issue the necessary certificates*, which shall be
filed with the secretary of state or the proper
clerk, as the case may be, who shall, within one
<lay thereafter, issue a certificate of nomination
to each of the candidates so proclaimed nominated
except United States senator.
Sec. 58. The person receiving the highest num-
ber of votes at a primary as the candidate of a
party for the nomination for an office shall be the
candidate of that party for such office and his
name shall be placed on the official ballot at the
next election, where there are two or more per-
sons to be nominated for the same office or board
the requisite number of persons receiving the
highest number of votes shall be nominated and
placed on the official ballot. In the case of nomi-
nations for members of the board of assessors,
where five are to be elected, four of whom are
to be elected from any one city and the city has
the requisite number, then the candidate for nom-
ination living outside such city having the largest
number of votes of his party shall be nominated.
The person receiving the highest number of votes
of his party for state central committeeman of his
congressional district shall be declared elected. In
the case of a tie the canvassing board shall deter-
mine by -lot who shell be nominated or elected.
Sec. 69. When the nomination is made for an
office to be filled by the electors of an entire
county and where it is the duty of the county
clerk to prepare the official ballot for election, it
shall be the duty of the county clerk to place
upon the official ballot the names of all candi-
dates nominated for office, as shown by the cer-
tificate of the canvassing board, and the names
of all candidates certified to him by the secretary
of state. When the nomination is made for an of-
fice to be filled by the electors of an entire city
or village, including alderman, it shall be the
duty of the city or village clerk to place upon the
official ballot the names of all candidates nomi-
nated for office as shown by the certificate of the
canvassing board. When the nomination is made
for an office to be filled by the electors of an en-
tire town it shall be the duty of the town clerk
to placa upon the official ballot die names of all
candidates nominated for office as shown by the
certificate of the canvassing board. Not less than
f.fteen days before an election to fill any office
the secretary of state shall certify to the county
clerk of each county within which any of the
electors may, by law, vote for such candidates for
such offices, the name and description of each per-
son nominated for such office, as shown by the
certificate of the canvassing board on file in his
office.
SPECIAL ELECTION PRIMARIES.
Sec. (SO. Whenever a special election shall be
necessary the provisions of this act shall be appli-
cable to the nomination of candidates to be voted
for at such special election. The officer or board
or commission whose duty it is, under the genera)
election laws of the state, to call an election, shall
fix a date for the primary for the nomination of
candidates to be voted for at such special election.
Fifteen days' notice must be given of such pri-
mary. In case a candidate nominated under the
provisions of this act shall die before election or
decline the nomination, or should the nomina-
tion become vacant for any other reason, the man-
aging committees of the respective political parties
for the territorial area in which such vacancy oc-
curs shall fill the vacancy.
Sec. 61. In cities having a board of election
commissioners the duties herein imposed upon the
county, city or village clerk, as the case may be,
shall be discharged by such board of election com-
missioners.
CONTESTS.
Sec. 62. Any candidate whose n.imo appesrs nnon
the primary ballot of miv potttlert! party may
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
51
contest the election of the candidates nominated
by his party, on the fac"e of the returns, if he so
desires, by filing a petition setting forth the
grounds of the contest with the clerk of the
County court or the clerk of the Circuit court,
according to the office involved, which petition
shall be verified by attjdavit and filed within five?
days after the completion of the canvass. Notice
must be given to the proper canvassing board of
the pendency of the contest. Authority and juris-
diction are vested in the County court and the
Circuit court and the judges thereof to hear and
finally determine such contests.
iSec. 63. Nothing in the act shall be construed
to prevent the nomination of independent candi-
dates by petition, as is now or may hereafter be
provided by law.
Sec. 64. No spirituous, malt, vinous or Intoxi-
cating liquor shall be sold or given away, nor
shall any saloon or barroom be open OB primary
day.
Sees. 65 to 78 inclusive provide for the punish-
ment of persons guilty of acts that are In viola-
tion of the primary law. In general the penalties
are the same as those provided in the general
election law.
iSec. 79. This repeals all acts or parts of acts
In conflict with the present primary law.
Sec. 80. The invalidity of any portion of this
act shall not affect the validity of any other por-
tion thereof which can be given effect without
guch invalid part.
PRIMARY ELECTIONS SENATORIAL
DISTRICTS.
Senate bill No. 53. Approved March 9, 1910.
Seetbn 1. The nomination of all candidates for
members of the general assembly by all political
parties and the election of senatorial committee-
men shall be made in the manner provided in this
net and not otherwise.
.Sec. 2. The term "political party" as usFd in
this act shall mean a political party which at
the next preceding election for governor polled at
least 2 per cent of the entire vote cast in the
state.
Sec. 3. The words "senatorial office" or "sena-
torial officer" shall be construed as state senator
and representatives in the general assembly.
Sec. 4. A primary shall be held, on the second
Tuesday in April of ev^ry year in which officers
are to be voted for on the first Tuesday after the
first Monday in November, for the nomination of.
candidates for members of the general assembly
and shall be known as the April primary.
SENATORIAL COMMITTEES.
Sec. 5. There shall be constituted a senatorial
committee for each senatorial district, but this
shall rot prevent a political party from choosing
any other committees in accordance with its prac-
tice. The senatorial committee of each political
party shall be elected as follows:
(a) In senatorial districts comprising three or
more counties tho committee shall be composed of
one member from each county, and at the primary
each elector may vote for one candidate of his
party residing In his county for member of the
committee.
(b) In districts comprising two counties the
committee shall be composed of three members.
two of whom shall be elected from the county in
which such political party at the general election
for state and county officers polled the larger
numba.- of votes. Each primary (lector residing
In such county casting the highest vote may vote
for two candidates of his party, residing in his
county, for members of the committee; in the
other county each elector may vote' for one
member.
(c) In districts composed of one county or a
portion of one connty or portions of two counties
the committee shall be composed of three mem-
bers, and each primary elector may vote for threo
candidates of his party. Within thirty days after
its election the senatorial committee shall meet
and organize.
PETITIONS.
Sec. 6. The various political party committees
now in existence are recosnized and shall per-
form the duties herein prescribed until cornmit-
teeiuen are chosen in accordance with the pro-
visions of this act. The name of no candidate for
nomination for senatorial committeeman shall be
printed upon the primary ballot unless a petition
for nomination shall have been filed on his be-
half, signed as follows:
(a) If for a senatorial office, by at least one
half of 1 per cent of the qualified primary electors
in his district.
(b) If for a senatorial committeeman, by at
least ten of the primary electors of his party of
the county where the district is coextensive with
one county or is composed of more than one
county, but In case .the district is wholly within
one county or partly within two counties than
such petition shall be signed by ten of the pri-
mary electors of his party of his senatorial dis-
trict.
See. 7. All petitions for nomination shall be
filed as follows:
(1) Where the petition Is for a senatorial of-
fice, such petition shall be filed with the secretary
of state not more than sixty nor less than thirty
days prior to the primary.
(2) Petitions of candidates for senatorial com-
mitteemen shall be filed with the county clerk
within the same limits <Z tnu.> us above.
(3) The secretary of state and the various
clerks with whom such petitions are fllcd shall
indorse thereon the flay tm.l hour DJ wbiob i-ucli
petition was filed.
(4) Petitions for nomination or for committee-
man may be withdrawn from the flies by written
request filed with the secretary of state not less
than twenty-five or with the proper clerk not less
than twelve days prior to the primary.
CEHTIFICATION OF CANDIDATES.
Sec. 8. Not less than twenty days prior to the
primary the secretary of state shall certify to the
county clerk of each county the names of all
candidates for senatorial offices a? specified in
the petitions on file with him, which are to be
voted for in such county, stating in such cer-
tificate the political affiliation of each candidate.
The names of the candidates shall be certified in
the order in which they shall appear on the pri-
mary ballot in accordance with the order in
which the peitlons shall have been filed.
Sec. 9. The county clerk of each county or the
board of election commissioners, as the case may be,
shall prepare and have printed the primary ballot
of each political party for each precinct In his
county, and the names of all candidates certified
to the county clerk by the secretary of state and
of all candidates for senatorial committeeman
whose petitions have been filed In said office
shall be placed on the same ballot as the candi-
dates for other offices for nominations to be voted
on at the same primary election, properly ar-
ranged, however, under the name of each office.
Below the name of the office of representative In
the general assembly shall be printed in small let-
ters the directions to the voters, "Vote for one,
two or three."
Sec. 10. The secretary of state shall, in his
certificate to the county clerk, certify the position
which the names of candidates for senatorial of-
fices shall occupy upon the primary ballot with
reference to the position of candidates for other
offices. The names of the candidates for senato-
rial committeemen shall be placed on the primary
ballot immediately after the names of the candi-
dates for senatorial offices, In the order In which
their petitions were filed with (the county clerk.
CUMULATIVE VOTING.
Sec. 11. At least thirty-three days prior to the
April primary the senatorial committee of each
political party shall meet and fix the number of
candidates to be nominated by tholr party at the
primary for representative in the general assem-
bly. A copy of such resolution shall within n>
dnys thereafter be filed with the secretary of
state nd with the county clerk of each county in
the senatorial district. In all primaries for the
nomination of candidates for representatives In
the general assembly each elector may cast three
votes for one candidate or may distribute the
same or equal parts thereof among two candidates
52
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
or three candidates, as he shall see fit. And the
said candidate or candidates for nomination high-
est iu votes shall be declared nominated for the
office to be filled.
CANVASS OP VOTES.
Sec. 12. The votes for the nomination of candi-
dates for representative in the general assembly
shall be canvassed in the following manner:
(1) (When a cross is placed in each of thp
squares preceding the names of three candidates
and the ballot for representative is not otherwise
marked it shall be counted as one vote for each
candidate.
(2) When a cross is placed in each of the
squares preceding the names of two candidates it
shall be counted as one and one-half votes for
each of such candidates.
(3) When a cross is placed in the square before
the name of one candidate it shall be counted us
three votes for such candidate.
(4> When the ballot has been marked so as to
indicate an intention to cast more than three
vote for the nomination of candidates for repre-
sentatives such ballot shall not be counted. The
requisite number of persons receiving the highest
number of votes as candidates of their party in
any county or senatorial district, as the case may
be, shall be declared elected senatorial committee-
men.
Sec. 13. Except as herein otherwise expressly
provided, each and all of the provisions of any act
relating to the holding of primary elections by
political parties, passed by this extraordinary ses-
sion of the general assembly, and acts hereafter
passed amendatory thereof, shall, so far as the
same may be applicable, apply to and govern pri-
mary elections held under the provisions of this
act. The returns of such primary shall be made
to the county clerk or the board of election com-
missioners, as the case may be, and shall be can-
vassed and certified as other returns made to the
county clerk or board of election commissioners.
as the case may be. The county canvassing board
or the board of election commissioners, as the
crse may be, shall issue a certificate of election
to the requisite number of persons of each politi-
cal party shown by the returns to be elected
members of the seratorial committee. Tabulated
returns of the primary for the nomination of can-
didates for senatorial offices shall be made to the
secretary of state, canvassed by Ibe state primary
carcassing board, proclamation of the result
thereof made and certificates of nomination is-
sued, as in case of other tabulated statements of
returns made to the secretary of state, and the
pains and penalties prescribed in the' acts last re-
ferred to shall apply to all elections held under
this act.
Sec. 14. Nothing In this act contained shall be
construed to prevent the nomination of independ-
ent candidates by petition, as is now or may here-
after be provided uy law.
FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT IN COAL MINES.
The act specifies the fire fighting equipment and
other means for the prevention and controlling of
fires in coal 'mines. Among the things which must
be provided by the owners or operators are water
supplies, water pipes and hose, automatic sprin-
klers, chemical fire extinguishers, telephones and
electric gong signals. [Approved March 8, 1910.]
FIELD MUSEUM SITE.
There is given and conveyed to the Field Museum
of Natural History that portion of the submerged
lauds under Lake Michigan, in the city of Chi-
cago, described as follows: Beginning at the cen-
ter of Congress street extended 100 feet from Ibe
east line of Grant park, extending thence south
1.000 feet; thence east 950 feet; thence north
2.000 feet; thence west 950 feet; thence south 1.000
feet to the place of beginning. The same is con-
veyed to the Fiild Museum of Natural History,
with authority to create an island in Lake Michi-
gan on the submerged land described, to be used
by it as a permanent site for its museum. It is
provided that the museum shall be open free to
the public on at least three days Jn the week. If
the building is not erected before Jan. 1, 1925,
then the title shall revert to the state of Illinois.
The museum is prohibited from selling or sub-
letting any of the land. [Approved March 8, 1910.]
INCOME~TAX.
(Senate joint resolution No. 7.)
Whereas, the congress of the United States has
propos'.-d to the several states the following
amendment to the federal constitution, viz.:
"Article XVI. The congress shall have power
to lay and wllect taxes on incomes, from what-
ever sources derived, without apportionment among
the several states and without regard to anj
census or enumeration."
Therefore, be it resolved by the senate, the
house of representatives concurring therein, That
the state of Illinois, by its legislature, ratifies
and assents to this amendment.
Adopted by the senate Feb. 9, 1910.
Concurred in by the house Marca 1, 1910.
RUSSO-JAPANESE AGREEMENT.
Signed in St. Petersburg, July 4, 1910.
The imperial government of Japan and the im-
perial government of Russia, sincerely attached
to the principles established by the convention
conducted between them on the 17th of July, 1907,
and desirous to develop the effects of that conven-
tion with a view to the consolidation of peace in
the extreme east, have agreed to complete the
said arrangement fay the following provisions:
Article 1. With the object of facilitating com-
munication and developing the commerce of na-
tions, the two high contracting parties mutually
engage to lend each otber their friendly co-opera-
tion with a view to the amelioration of their re-
spective railway lines in Manchuria and the im-
provement of the connecting service of the said
railways and to abstain from all competition
prejudicial to the realization of this object.
Art. 2. Kach of the high contracting parties
engages to maintain and respect the status quo in
Manchuria resulting from the treaties, conventions
and other arrangements concluded up to this day
between Japan and Russia or between either of
these two powers and China. Copies of the afore-
said arrangements have been exchanged between
Japan and Russia.
Art. 3. In case that any event arises of a
nature to menace the status quo heretofore men-
tioned the two high contracting parties shall in
each case enter into communication with each
other in oflder to arrive at an understanding as
to the measures they may judge !t necessary to
take for the maintenance of the said status quo.
PRINCIPAL
Language.
English
French
German
Russian
Spanish
Italian
Portuguese .
EUROPEAN
1801.
Persons.
. 20,520.000
, 31,450.000
. 30,320.000
. 30,770,000
. 26,190,000
. 15,070.000
. 7,480,000
LANGUAGES SPOKEN.
1890.
Persons.
111,100,000
51,200,000
75,200,000
75,000,000
42,800,000
33,400,000
13,000,000
Ratio.
1801. 1890.
12.7 27.7
19.4 12.7
18.7 18.7
19.0 18.7
16.2 10.7
9.3 8.3
4.7 3.2
Total 161.800.000 401,700.000 100.0 100.0
The above is the latest estimate made by Mnlhall.
Assuming that the annual increase in the number
of persons speaking each language has been main-
tained since 1890 the ratio in 1908 was: English.
30.7; French, 11.4; German, 18.7: Russian, 18.6:
Spanish, 9.6 ; Italian, 8.1 ; Portuguese. 2.9.
FIRE IN BRUSSELS EXPOSITION.
Through a fire which started in the Belgian sec-
tion of the Brussels international exposition Sun-
day evening. Aug. 14, 1910, damage estimated at
between $6,000,000 and $10.000,000 was caused. The
principal losses were sustained in the British and
Belgian sections, but the goods in other sections
were also damaged by smoke and water. The
grounds were crowded with people at the time, and
a panic ensued, in which two lives were lost and
many persons injured. A large number of valuable
works of art were destroyed and the archives of
the exposition were burned. The fire originated
from crossed electric wires leading Into the post-
office in the Belgian building.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
THE HIGH COST OF LIVING.
The steady advance In the cost of many of the
necessaries of life led to much discussion in 1910
as co the cause or causes. Dissatisfaction on the
part of the consuming public was expressed in a
meat boycott and in various other ways. Respond-
ing to the general demand for congressional ac-
tion of some kind, the United States senate in Feb-
ruary appointed a select committee with Instruc-
tions to make an exhaustive investigation into the
cost of living and any increase in the same since
1900. This committee was composed of the follow-
ing senators: Henry Cabot Lodge, Massachusetts,
chairman; Jacob H. Gallinger, New Hampshire;
Porter J. McCumber, North Dakota; Reed Smoot,
Utah; Coe I. Crawford, South Dakota; James P.
Clarke, Arkansas; Joseph H. Johnston, Alabama;
Ellison D. Smith, South Carolina. The last three
are democrats and the others republicans. The
committee heard a large number of witnesses en-
gaged in the wholesale and retail grocery trade,
the wholesale and retail meat trade, the raising
of cattle and sheep and the production of grain,
cotton and wool. It also heard representatives of
many other industries and examined numerous con-
sular and other reports.
The committee, which was officially known as
the ''select committee on wages and prices of com-
modities," presented majority and minority reports
to the senate June 23. The members divided on
political lines, the majority report being signed by
the republican senators and the minority by the
democratic senators. Following Is a brief synopsis
of the majority report:
WHOLESALE PRICES.
The advance In prices has been world-wide, al-
though farm and food products have advanced
much more rapidly than manufactured articles.
Prices appear to have advanced more rapidly In
the United States and Canada than in the united
kingdom, France, Germany, Austria, Italy and
Bulgaria. While the prices of manufactured arti-
cles have ia many instances remained unchanged,
the quality or grade has deteriorated. The price
of furniture, for instance, has remained about the
same, but the quality of cheap and medium-priced
furniture has declined. The report quotes from
the bulletin of the United States bureau of labor
on wholesale prices, a summary of which Is glveii
In this Issue of The Daily News Almanac and
Year-Book, and then, proceeds:
"Among the many causes contributing to the ad-
vance in prices may be enumerated:
"Increased cost of production of farm products
by reason of higher land values and higher wages.
"Increased demand tor farm products and food.
"Shifting of population from food-producing to
food-consuming occupations and localities.
"Immigration to food-consuming localities.
"Reduced fertility of land resulting in lower
average production or Increased expenditures for
fertilization.
"Increased banking facilities In agricultural lo-
calities, which enable farmers to hold their crops
and market to the best advantage. This results in
steadying prices, but also tends to advance prices.
"Reduced supply convenient to transportation of
such commodities as timber.
"Cold-storage plants which result in preventing
extreme fluctuations of prices of certain commodi-
ties with the seasons, but by enabling the whole-
salers to buy and sell at the best possible advan-
tage tend to advance prices.
"Increased cost of distribution.
"Industrial combinations.
"Organizations of producers or of dealers.
"Advertising.
"Increased money supply.
"Overcapitalization.
"Higher standard of living."
The general wholesale price level In the United
States represented by 257 commodities advance-!
14.5 per cent during the period from 1900 to 1909.
Commodities. Per cent.
Farm products advanced 39.8
Food, etc., advanced 19.7
Lumber and building materials advanced 19.6
Miscellaneous commodities advanced 14.7
Cloths and clothing advanced 120
Fuel and lighting advanced 6.9
House- furnishing goods advanced 5.3
Metals and implements advanced 3.6
Drugs and chemicals declined 2.9
Another grouping of commodities shows the fol-
lowing percentages above 1900:
Products of the forest 40.3
Products of the farm, crude 36.1
Products of farm, manufactured 24.2
Products of mines and wells 13.5
Products of manufacture 6.7
Products of fisheries 5.1
The testimony of all witnesses familiar with
farm conditions is to the effect that the cost of
production of farm products has risen very rapidly
In the last ten years; wages of farm hands have
increased on an average about 60 per cent, and the
original investment necessary to secure land has
practically doubled in that period. In many locali-
ties the crop average can be maintained only by
the use of expensive fertilizers, by rotation of
crops or by allowing the ground to lie fallow. The
supply of available government land for general
farming has been materially reduced. The cost of
producing live stock has increased with the dis-
appearance of the range.
"The assumption seems fair that for the prod-
ucts of the forest and of the farm the available
supply is not keeping pace with the demand, while
for manufactured articles the supply has practical-
ly kept pace with the demand. So far as the prod-
ucts of the forests are concerned, the supply In
the United .States is diminishing and the cost of
production and marketing has Increased. The farm
products are being produced on much more expen-
sive land and farm wages have Increased more rap-
idly than have those of any other group of work-
ers."
RETAIL PRICES.
"Retail prices in the United States In the spring
of 1910 were for manj* articles at the highest point
reached in many years. As compared with the
spring of 1900 prices for bacon were more than 70
per cent higher, ham was 33 per cent higher, flour
was about 50 per cent higher, butter about 45 per
cent higher and eggs 100 per cent higher.
"Furniture was about the same as In 1900.
Earthenware was slightly lower. Shoes and cloth-
ing were considerably higher.
"The United States bureau of labor compilation
of retail prices of food includes thirty of the most
important articles for the years 1890 to 1907. This
compilation has not been extended beyond 1907, but
for that year the thirty articles, when given a
weight according to consumption In a wage-earner's
family, showed an advance In 1907 of 19.3 per cent
over 1900."
Retail prices for a few important articles of
food in typical stores In large eastern cities for
April, 1903, and April, 1910, and the increase In
prices during the period between those dates are
shown in the table at top of next page.
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR.
"Wag<>s have not advanced as rapidly as have
prices and practically all the labor difficulties
which have been the subject of mediation in the
United States during the last two or three years
have had as their basis the advanced cost of liv-
ing. In the United States wages have advanced
much more rapidly than they have in European
countries. AVages in the United States advanced
In about the same degree as did prices until 1907.
Owing to t'ue Industrial depression of 1908, follow-
in? the financial panic of 1907, wages dropped con-
siderably, and in 1909 hardly more than regained
the high point reached in 1907. Wages at the
present time are r.ot on as high a level as are
food prices. Salaries have advanced but very lit-
tle during the last ten years.
"Hours of labor in practically all wage occupa-
tions have been reduced. The United States bu-
reau of labor compilation of wages and hours of
labor has not been continued later than 1907. In
1007 wages per hour were 22.1 per cent above 1900.
54
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
ARTICLE.
UNIT.
RETAIL, PRICE.
INCREASE.
1910.
1903.
Amount.
Per
cent.
Flour and meal-
Golden Gate, Minnesota patent
^-barrel bag,
5-lb. bag
$0.86
.15
.22
.BO
.12T
.22
.22
.35
.33
.26
.28
.25
.42
.30
.69
$0.57
.12
.19
.21
.12
.15
.16
.27
.25
.25
.25
.16
.18
.16
.33
$0.29
.03
.03
.09
.007
.07
.06
.08
.08
.01
.03
.09
.24
.14
.36
50.9
25.0
15.S
42.9
5.{
46.7
37.5
29.6
32.0
4.0
12.0
56.3
133.3
87.1
109.5
Rye
Meats-
Sirloin roast beef
Pound
Rib steak
Pound
Bacon, Mb. strips
Bacon, breakfast
Pound
Butter-
Golden Gate creamery
Pound
Pound
Sugar-
Brown, light
5-lb. bag...
Granulated
5-lb. bag
Cornmeal
Yellow or white
7-lb. package.
Dozen
Eggs-
Fresh
Ordinary
Dozen
Lard
3-lb. pail
Hours of labor during the same period were re-
duced 3.7 per cent. The decline In hours of course
affected the weekly earnings of employes for the
reason that the large majority of wage earners
are employed either on the piece basis or at an
hourly rate. From 1900 to 1907 full time weekly
tariiings advanced 17.6 per cent, while wholesale
prices of commodities advanced 17.2 per cent, or
In almost exactly the same proportion."
The following table, based upon figures supplied
to the senate committee by B. M. Craig, secretary
of (he Building Contractors' council of Chicago,
shows for the building trades the rate of wages
per hour In Chicago, New York and San Francisco
in 1902 and 1910 and the per cent of Increase ID
rates of wages per hour during the period from
J902 to 1910:
greatest advance the products of the forests and
the products of the farm are those for which
there has been practically no change in the tariff
for the last ten years. Neither have there been
any changes during the last twenty years which
could in any way account for the increase lii
price. The tariff acts of 1894, 1897 and 1909 have
made no changes which to any appreciable degree
measure the changes in price which have taken
place.
"The tariff act of 1909 made no marked changes
in 'farm products and foodstuffs,' the articles
grouped by the tariff acts under schedule G, 'ag-
ricultural products and provisions," and schedule
E, 'sugar, molasses and manufactures of.'
"Where alterations were made in rates they
were chiefly in the direction of reductions. Yet
Bricklayers
Stone masons
Structural iron Belters..
Ornamental iron setters.
Plasterers
Tile setters
Plumbers
siteamfitters
Gasfltters
Carpenters
Painters
Stonecutters
Electricians
Sheet metal workers
Marble setters
Chicago
1902. 1910. Inc.
Cts. Cts. Pei ct.
60 67% 12.5
67% 12.5
65
New York San
1902. 1910. Inc. 1902.
Cts. Cts. Perct. Cts.
Francisco
1910. Inc.
Cts. Perct.
87% 16.7
87% 16.7
62% 66.7
62% 75
71.4
37.5
20.0
THE TARIFF.
"The tariff seems to have been no material fac-
tor in causing the advance in prices during the
last decade. The greatest advances have been made
in commodities upon which the tariff has little or
110 effect, and the absolute removal of the tariff
on n;any of these commodities could not have af-
forded relief at the present time, for the reason
that prices of these commodities, with a few ex-
ceptions, were as high or higher in other countries
than in the United States.
"The advance in prices during the last ten yeai-s
appears to have no relation to tariff legislation.
Beginning with January, 1900, wholesale prices in
general declined slightly, and the decline continue<i
through July, 1901. Beginning with August, 1901,
prices advanced very slowly through March, 1903,
and then remained steady through May, 1905.
Beginning with June, 1905. there was a marked in-
crease through October, 1907. Beginning with No-
vember. 1907, prices began to decline and the de-
cline continued through August, 1908. Beginning
with September, 1P08, prices steadily advanced un-
til the highest point during the ten years was
reached in March, 1910.
"The groups of articles which have shown the
such changes as have been made in the tariff In
these schedules have apparently had no effect on
prices, as almost without a single exception the
prices have advanced materially since the passage
of the act without any distinction as to whether
the tariff was increased or decreased.
"The fact that exports of products of the farm
and of the forests continue in such large quanti-
ties indicates that the price movement is due not
to the tariff but to a world-wide movement upward
in the prices of such commodities.
"Lumber has steadily advanced since 1900, and
the price in 1909 was 41.8 per cent above the price
of 19CO. yet with this advance other countries have
been demanding our lumber in increasing quan-
tities.
"Material decreases were made by the tariff of
1909 on articles grcnped under schedule D, 'wood
r.nd manufactures of,' but they seem to have had
no appreciable effect upon lumber prices, as they
have continued upward, even though lumber is im-
ported in large quantities."
COMBINATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS.
"Under this subject are grouped industrial com-
binations, popularly referred to as trusts, trade
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
55
agreements, producers' associations, wholesale deal-
ers' associations and retail dealers' associations.
The prices of many of the trust-produced commod-
ities have not advanced as rapidly as have other
commodities. In some cases whore trust-produced
commodities have advanced greatly the advance
appears to be due largely to other causes, such as
short supplies.
"Whilt- industrial combinations may result in
economies of production and distribution the fact
that competition is either wholly or partly re-
moved leads to abases. In some cases where no
actual combination of producing establishments un-
der one head has been made, trade agreements do
exist which operate to fix prices in restraint of
trade fully as much as an actual trust. The ef-
fect of all such organizations as the Elgin board
of trade is to advance prices."
The western meat packers were not examined by
the committees for the reason that they were un-
der investigation at the time by grand juries.
THE GOLD SUPPLY.
"The proposition that the increase in the gold
supply has uffected prices rests of course on the
sound economic theory that a marked increase Jn
the monetary standard of value cheapens the
standard, and by cheapening it increases the
amount which must be paid for a commodity. It
is because the general trend of world prices has
seemingly responded to the contraction or expan-
sion of the world's supply of currency that the
conclusion is reached that the present abnormal
production of gold is a positive factor in forcing
up the level of the world's prices and in prevent-
ing their decline. It is not contended that this
increase is the dominant or even a principal cause
of the rise of prices, but it undoubtedly has exert-
ed a positive effect by cheapening the standard of
price and at the same time enormously Increasing
the amount of credit based upon gold."
THE LABOR UNIONS.
"Labor unions have not been apparently a seri-
ous factor in contributing toward advancing prices.
Of course, the general tendency of labor unions is
to increase wages and reduce hours, and in thia
way they may have indirectly affected prices by
securing for the wage earners higher pay and
shorter hours and thus raising the standard of
living and placing them in a position to secure
better homes and better home surroundings, arti-
cles of necessity of a higher grade and In greater
quantities, and more articles usually classed as
luxuries." They may also have attracted an in-
creasingly large number of persons from agricul-
tures into industrial employment, thus increasing
the cost of food production on the farm.
COST OF DISTRIBUTION.
"The expenses of distributing food products by
wholesalers and retailers have increased by reason
of the increase in rents, taxes, wages and cost of
horses and horse feed." Putting up articles In
fancy packages, the use of trading stamps and the
giving of prizes have also contributed to advance
prices.
COLD STORAGE.
"Cold storage plants have tended to level prices,
although they have enabled the dealers to take
the best possible advantage of conditions both in
purchasing when prices are low and selling when
prices are high. Kggs have shown a greater ad-
vance since 1900 fhan has any other article of
food This probably Is due largely to supply and
demand, but also in part to the fact that the cold
storage has artificially forced up the price. The
committee has recommended to congress a bill
limiting the time food products may be kept In
cold storage."
SANITARY REGULATIONS.
"Many regulations looking toward improving tlie
quality of food and protecting the health of con-
sumers have been passed by United States, state
and local authorities during the last ten years.
These regulations have been beneficial, but the ef-
fect of all of them is to advance prices to a
greater or less degree." Examples of such laws
are the pure-food and meat and dairy Inspection
laws.
OVERCAPITALIZATION.
"Overcapitalization of transportation and indus-
trial companies, has the effect of advancing prices.
Increase of capital usually results in a greater
amount of dividends. Increased dividends must
mean increased earnings and the increased earn-
ines come from the consumer.''
IMMIGRATION.
"The number of immigrants arriving In the
United States from 1900 to the present time was
8.202,288. More than 80 per cent of the total were
at the most productive period of life, but only a
very small percentage of this enormous number of
people have entered agricultural pursuits. Practi-
cally all have entered industrial pursuits and by
reason of becoming consumers instead of produc-
ers of food have contributed In no small way to-
ward advancing the prices of food products."
HIGHER STANDARD OF LIVING.
"The standard of living has steadily advanced
and consumers are demanding a much higher grade
of article than ten years ago. This advance in the
standard of living has been a material factor in
Increasing prices. In clothing and shoes the effort
to keep up with the changing styles adds materially
to expenditures."
FREIGHT RATES ON COMMODITIES OF LIFE.
Tables furnished by the interstate commerce com-
mission are given to show that there has been a
substantial increase in the freight rates from St.
Louis, Chicago, St. Paul and Duluth to New York .
and from New York to western points.
MINORITY REPORT.
The minority repo.rt, signed by Senators John-
ston, Clarke and Smith, after reviewing and criti-
cising the findings of the majority members of the
committee, concludes as follows:
"We find the three substantial causes for the
advance In prices are:
"(1) The tariff.
"(2) Trusts, combines and monopolies.
"(3) Increased money supply.
"We are without sufficient data to apportion the
degree of responsibility among these three causes,
but that the first two are the chief malefactors
we have no doubt, and they are of our own crea-
tion."
Some of the points made by the minority mem-
bers are these:
The high price of land is not a cause, but the
effect of the high price of farm products.
There has been an increased demand for farm
products, but the supply has also increased.
The migration of men to food-consuming locali-
ties should be attributed to the rapidly increasing
demand for men in the city shops and to better
social, school and church privileges in the cities.
As to the increased cost of distribution, "our In-
vestigations do not show that there has been any
notable increase in railroad freights since 1900."
"We do not dissent from the conclusions of the
majority on this subject (overcapitalization) if the
public are permitted to be taxed to pay dividends
on watered stocks."
"Perhaps less than 3 per cent of our people In-
dulge in the use of luxuries to any appreciable ex-
tent. This small number could raise the general
level of prices but little more than a man could
raise himself by his boot straps. The great ad-
vances have been mainly in bacon, beef, mutton
and cotton goods, and they have increased vastly
more than in tea, silk goods, champagne, silver-
ware, diamonds and jewelry."
"It Is difficult to understand how any one can
favor high rates of duty if he does not honestly
belU-ve that it will increase the prices to be real-
ized by the manufacturers producing the article af-
fected, by diminishing or destroying competition
and thus necessarily increasing the cost to the
consumer."
"The cost of production is necessarily enhanced
by the fact that the producer must, under this
tariff scheme, pay higher prices for his clothing,
household goods, implements, machinery and other
highly protected articles of necessity."
"If the purpose of the Payne-Aldrich bill was
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
not to increase the profit to the manufacturer and
cost to the consumer, we are unable to compre-
hend why the tariff on certain sawed lumber
should have been increased 50 per cent, on shingles
66 per cent, corrugated iron and steel 115 per cent,
iron and steel wire (of a certain size) coated witn
zinc or tin 553 per cent, razors 67 per cent, buck-
wheat flour 25 per cent, biscuits 125 per cent,
stockings from 20 to 30 per cent and on certain
cheap cotton cloth 460 per cent."
MEAT BOYCOTT OF 1910.
In Cleveland, O., Jan. 16, 1910, some 460 superin-
tendents and foremen employed by manufacturing
concerns signed a pledge to abstain from meat for
thirty days, or for sixty days if prices should not
fall within a month. Many others joined in the
movement and in a short time 25,000 persons had
signed the pledge. As this meant that at least 100, 000
residents of Cleveland had ceased eating meat the
effect on the butchering industry was immediate.
Several of the companies concerned discharged
many of their employes, as they had no work for
them. The price of meat went down a little, but
as the cost of other commodities decreased to some
extent at the same time the fall may not have
been due entirely to the boycott. This spread to
other "cities, including Pittsburg, Baltimore, New
Orleans, New York, Chicago, Milwaukee and Bos-
ton. The Anti-Food Trust league, formed in Wash-
ington some time before the boycott began, re-
ceived a large number of applications for member-
ship and by the end of January had more than
200. COO on its list. The movement came to its cli-
max soon after and then collapsed, without having
had any permanent effect on meat prices.
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1909-10.
[From bulletin No. 87 of the bureau of labor,
Washington, D. O.]
Wholesale prices in 1909, as measured by the
prices of 257 commodities included in the investiga-
tion, advanced 3 per cent over the wholesale prices
In 1908, but with this advance they were still 2.3
per cent below the high average of 1907 prices.
Wholesale prices in 1909 were 14.5 per cent higher
than in 1900; 41 per cent higher than in 1897, the
year of lowest prices in the twenty-year period
from 1890 to 1909; 12 per cent higher than in 1890
and 26.5 per cent higher than the average price
for the ten years. 1890 to 1899.
The highest point reached in 1907 was in the
month of October, from which month there was a
general decline until August, 1908. Beginning with
September. 1908, there has been an increase with-
out a break in any month up to March, 1910.
Wholesale prices in March. 1910, were higher than
at any time in the preceding twenty years, being
7.5 per cent higher than in March, 1909; 10,2 per
cent higher than in August, 1908; 21.1 per cent
higher than the average yearly price of 1900; 49. L
per cent higher than the average yearly price of
1897, and 33.8 per cent higher than the average
price for the ten years. 1890 to 1899.
Comparing 1909 with 1908, the group of commodi-
ties showing the greatest increase in price was:
Farm products, 15 per cent. The other groups
showing an Increase were: Food, etc., 3.4 per cent;
cloths and clothing 2.3 per cent; lumber and build-
Ing materials. 4 per cent; drugs and chemicals, 1.8
per cent; miscellaneous, 5 per cent. Groups snow-
ing a decrsase were: Fuel and lighting, 1.1 per
cent; metals and implements, 5 per cent; house-
furnishing goods, 2 per cent.
The following table shows the average wholesale
rricos of certain commodities in the calendar year
J909 and the month of March, 1910. The quotations
are from New York, Chicago and a few other pri-
mary markets:
FARM PRODUCTS.
March,
Commodity. 1909. 1910.
Barley, choice to fancy, bu $0.67 JO. 69
Cattle, steers, choice, 100 Ibs 7.33 8.19
Cattle, steers, good. 100 Ibs 6.45 7.42
Corn. cash, bu 67 .62
Cotton, upland, middling, Ib 12 .15
Flaxseed, No. 1, bu 1.56 2.14
Hay, timothy, No. 1, ton 13.45 17.05
Commodity. 1909.
Hides, green, salted, Ib .................. 16
Hogs, heavy, 100 Ibs ...................... 7.57
Hogs, light, 100 Ibs ...................... 7.36
Hops, New York state, choice, Ib ....... 20
Horses, draft, good, per head .......... 203.17
Mules. 16 hands, per head ............ ...209.76
Oats cash, bu ............................. 48
Poultry, live, fowls, Ib ................... 16
Rye, No. 2 cash, bu ....................... 78
Sheep, wethers, good, 100 Ibs ............ 5.43
Sheep, wethers, plain, 100 Ibs ........... 5.26
Tobacco, hurley, good leaf, 100 Ibs ..... l^.eo
Wheat, cash ............................... 1.20
FOOD, ETC.
Beans, medium, choice, bu .............. 2.45
Bread, crackers, oyster. Ib ............... 06
Bread, crackers, soda. Ib ................. 06
Bread, loaf (New York Market), Ib ...... 04
Butter, creamery, Elgin. Ib .............. 29
Canned corn, No. 2, dozen cans .......... 91
Canned peas. No. 2, dozen cans ........ -. 1.40
Canned tomatoes. No. 3, dozen cans ..... 96
Cheese, New York state, cream, Ib ..... 15
Coffee, Rio. No. 7, Ib ..................... 08
Eggs, frosh, fancy, dozen ................ 31
Fish, cod, dry, quintal .................. 7.02
Fish, herring, split, brl ................. 7.07
Fish, mackerel, salt, brl ................ 10.19
Fish salmon, canned, 12 cans .......... 1.70
Flour, buckwheat, 100 Ibs ............... 2.36
Flour, rye, brl ............................ 4.49
Flour, wheat, spring, brl ................ 6.76
Flour, wheat, winter, brl ............... 5.45
Fruit, apples, evaporated, Ib ............. 08
Fruit, currants, in brls., Ib .............. 06
Fruit, prunes, in boxes, Ib..: ............ 05
Fruit, raisins, California, box .......... 1.27
Glucose, 100 Ibs ........................... 2.47
Lard, prime, Ib ............................ 12
Meal, corn, fine white, 100 Ibs .......... 1.62
Meal, corn, fine yellow, 100 Ibs ........ 1.61
Meat, bacon, short clear sides, Ib ....... 12
Meat, bacon, short rib sides, Ib ......... 11
Meat, beef, fresh, Ib ...................... 11
Meat, beef, salt, extra mess, brl ...... 11.02
Meat, beef, salt, hams, brl ............. 25.11
Meat, hams, smoked, Ib .................. 13
Meat, mutton, dressed, Ib ................ 09
Meat, pork, salt, mess, brl .............. 21.34
Milk, fresh, quart ......................... 03
Molasses, New Orleans, gal ............. 35
Poultry, dressed, fowl, Ib ................ 16
Rice, domestic, Ib ......................... 06
Salt. American, brl ........................ 82
Soda, bicarbonate of, Ib .................. 01
Spices, pepper, Hi .......................... 07
Starch, pure corn, Ib ...................... 06
Sugar, granulated, Ib ...................... 05
Tallow. Ib .................................. 06
Tea, Formosa, fine, Ib .................... 23
Vegetables, cabbage, ton ................ 26.17
Vegetables, onions, brl .................. 3.09
Vegetables, potatoes, bu .................. 69
Vinegar, cider, gal ........................ 18
CLOTHS AND CLOTHING.
Bags, 2-bnshel, Amoskeag, each .......... 19
Blankets, all wool. 5 Ibs. to pair. Ib.. 1.00
Blankets, cotton. 2 Ibs. to pair, Ib ...... 50
Boots and shoes, men's brogans, pair.. 1.20
Boots and shoes, men's calf shoes, pr.. 2.95
Boots & shoes, women's solid grain, pr. 1.04
Broadcloths, first quality, yard .......... 2.02
Calico, American, prints, yard ........... 05
Cotton flannels, 3% yds. to Ib., yard... .06
Cotton thread, 6-cord. 200-yd. spls., spool .04
Carpets, Brussels, yard .................. 1.19
Carpets, ingrain, yard .................... 53
Carpets, Wilton, yard .................... 2.22
Cotton yarns, cones, 22-1, Ib ............. 23
Denims, Amoskeag. yard .................. 13
Drillings, brown, yard .................... 07
Flannels, white, yard ..................... 46
Ginghams, Amoskeag, yard ............... 06
Horse blankets, wool, Ib .................. 75
Hosiery, men's cotton 1/4 hose, 12 prs.. .81
Hosiery, women's cotton hose, 12 pairs 1.77
Leather, harness, oak, Ib ................. 38
Leather, sole, hemlock, Ib ................ 25
1910.
.14
10.61
10.40
.33
230.50
.212.50
.45
.18
.79
8.37
8.27
15.50
1.19
2.34
.07
.07
.04
.31
1.00
1.40
.90
.17
.08
.24
7.00
7.60
12.50
1.67
2.00
4.42
5.59
5.35
.08
" .06
.05
1.20
2.17
.14
1.72
_ 1.72
.15
.14
.11
14. 7Z
25.00
.17
.13
27.02
.04
.37
.19
.05
.87
.01
.08
.06
.05
.07
.24
24. j2
......
.32
.16
.20
1.00
.55
1.17
3.05
1.05
2.06
.06
.07
.04
1.20
.53
2.23
.25
.15
.08
.47
.07
.77
.82
1.77
.39
.25
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAK-BOOK FOR 1911.
57
Commodity. 1909. 1910.
Overcoatings, covert cloth, yard 2.02 2.02
Overcoatings, kersey, yard : 1.79 1.92
Print cloths, yard 03 .04
Sheetings, bleached, Atlantic, yard..., .21 .22
Sheetings, bleached. Pepperell, yard... .25 .28
Sheetings, brown, Indian Head, yard.. .07 .08
Shirtings, bleached, fruit of loom, yd.. .09 .10
Shirtings, bleached, Wamsutta, yard... .11 .12
Silk, raw, Italian, Ib 4.38 3.86
Silk raw, Japan, Ib 3.84 3.32
Suitings, clay worsted, 12-oz., yard 1.24 1.60
Suitings, indigo blue, wool, yard 1.57 1.66
Suitings, serge, yard 1.07 1.17
Tickings, Amoskeag, yard 12 .14
Trouserings, worsted, yard 2.48 2.59
Underwear, shirts, drawers, wool, doz. 27.00 27.00
Women's dress goods, poplar cloth, yd.. .19 .20
Wool, Ohio, fine fleece, scoured, Ib 74 .70
Worsted yarns, Ib 1.31 1.27
FUEL AND LIGHTING.
Candles. 14 oz., Ib 07 .07
Coal, anthracite, broken, ton 4.20 4.20
Coal anthracite, chestnut, ton 4.82 4.95
Coal, anthracite, egg, ton 4.79 4.95
Coal, anthracite, stove, ton 4.82 4.95
Coal, bituminous, ton 3.05 3.00
Coke. Connellsville, ton 2.02 2.55
Matches, parlor, 144 boxes lafO 1.50
Petroleum, crude, brl O6 1.40
Petroleum, refined, gal 08 .08
METALS AND IMPLEMENTS.
Augers, extra, 1 inch, each 37 .33
Axes, M. O. O., Yankee, each 67 .62
Bar iron, common, Ib 01 02
Barb wire, galvanized, 100 Ibs 2.36 2.33
Chisels, 1 inch, each 33 .25
Copper, ingot, Ib 13 .13
Copper, sheet, hot rolled, Ib 18 .19
Copper, wire, bare, Ib 15 .15
Doorknobs, steel, pair 40 .40
Files, 8 inch, dozen 93 .93
Hammers, Maydole, No. 1%, each 47 .47
Lead, pig, Ib 04 .95
Lead, pipe, 100 Ibs 4.82 5.46
Locks, common mortise, each 16 .15
Nails, 8 penny, fence, 100 Ibs 1.87 1.95
Pig iron, Bessemer, ton 17.41 18.60
Pig iron, foundry, No. 1, ton 17.81 18.50
Planes, Bailey, No. 5, each 1.53 1.53
Saws, crosscut, Disston No. 2, each 1.60 1.60
Shovels, Ames, No. 2, dozen 7.62 7.84
Silver, bar. fine, oz 52 .52
Spelter, western, Ib 05 .06
Steel billets, ton 24.62 27.60
Steel rails, ton 28.00 28.00
Tin, pig, Ib 30 .33
Tinplates, domestic, 100 Ibs 3.74 3.84
Trowels, M. O. O., brick, each 34 .34
Vises, solid box, FO Ib., each 4.60 4.60
Wood screws, 1 inch, gross 12 .15
Zinc, sheet, 100 Ibs 6.64 7.13
LUMBER AND BUILDING MATERIALS.
Brick, common, M 6.39 6.00
Carbonate of lead, Ib 06 .07
Cement, Portland, brl 1.41 1.43
Doors, white pine, each 1.77 1.81
Hemlock, M feet 20.68 21.00
Lime, common, brl 1.04 1.04
Linseed oil, raw, gal 58 .77
Maple, hard, M feet 31.00 31.00
Oak. white. M feet 48.42 55.00
Oak, white, quartered, M feet 84.33 88.00
Oxide of zinc. Ib 05 .05
Pine white, boards, M feet 37.10 38.10
Pine, yellow, flooring M feet 45,83 46.50
Pine, yellow, siding. M feet 33.04 31.00
Plate glass, polished, sq. ft..: 20 .25
Poplar, M feet 57.62 59.00
Putty, Ib 01 .01
Rosin, good, strained, Ib 3.50 4.55
Shingles, cypress, M 3.27 3.85
Spruce, M feet 25.25 25.00
Tar, brl 1.64 2.00
Turpentine, spirits of, gal 49 .63
Window glass, firsts. 60 sq. ft 2.32 2.88
DRUGS AND CHEMICALS.
Commodity. 1909. 1910.
Alcohol, grain, gal ....................... 2.62 2.61
Alcohol, wood, gal ......................... 50 .50
Alum, lump, Ib ............................ 02 .02
Brimstone, crude, ton .................... 22.00 22.00
Glycerin, refined, Ib ....................... 17 .20
Muriatic acid, Ib .......................... 01 .01
Opium, natural, Ib ........................ 4.61 6.46
Quinine. American, oz ..................... 14 .14
Sulphuric acid, Ib ......................... 01 .01
HOUSE-FURNISHING GOODS.
Earthenware, plates, white, doz ......... 46 .46
Earthenware, cups and saucers, gross. 3.39 3.39
Furniture, bedroom sets, each ........... 10.87 ll.aO
Furniture, chairs, maple, doz ............ 9.00 9.00
Furniture, chairs, kitchen, doz...! ..... 5.58 5.50
Furniture, tables, kitchen, doz .......... 18.00 19.50
Glassware, nappies, doz ................... 11 .11
Glassware, pitchers, doz ................. 1.00 .80
Glassware, tumblers, common, doz ...... 13 .12
Table cutlery, knives, forks, gross ..... 5.00 5.00
Woodenware. pails, doz .................. -1.92 1.90
Woodenware, tubs, nest of 3 ............ 1.65 1.66
MISCELLANEOUS.
Cottonseed meal, ton ..................... 32.04 36.00
Cottonseed oil, gal ......................... 44 .55
Jute, raw, Ib ............................... 03 .03
Malt, western, bu ......................... 79 .83
Paper, news, Ib ............................ 02 .02
Paper, Manila wrapping, Ib .............. 05 .05
Proof spirits, gal ......................... 1.36 1.35
Rope, Manila, Ib ........................... 08 .08
Rubber, Ib ................................. 1.48 1.96
Soap, castlle, Ib ........................... 10 .11
Starch, laundry, Ib ......................... 04 .04
Tobacco, plug, Ib .......................... 47 .47
Tobacco, smoking, granulated. Ib ....... 60 .60
NATIONAL MONETARY COMMISSION.
Appointed under the act to amend the national
banking laws approved May 30, 1908.
Senator Nelson W. Aldrich of Rhode Island,
chairman; Representative Edward B. Vreeland or
New York, vice-chairman; Senator Julius C. Bur-
rows of Michigan, Senator Eugene Hale of Maine,
Secretary of State Philander C. Knox of Pennsyl-
vania, Henry M. Teller of Colorado, Senator Her-
rando D. Money of Mississippi, Senator Joseph W.
Bailey of Texas, Senator Theodore E. Burton of
Ohio, Robert W. Bonynge of Colorado, and Repre-
sentatives John W. Weeks of Massachusetts, Syl-
vester C. Smith of California, Lemuel P. Padgett
of Tennessee, George F. Burgess of Texas and Ar-
sene P. Pujo of Louisiana.
Secretary Arthur B. Shelton, 1712 R street,
Washington, D. C.
Assistant to the Commission Prof. A. Piatt An-
drew. , __
STATES MILITARY ACADEMY.
x West Point. N. Y.
The United States military academy is a school
for the practical and theoretical training of ca-
dets for the military service of the United States.
Upon completing the course satisfactorily cadets
are eligible for promotion and commission as sec-
ond lieutenants In any arm or corps of the army
in which there may be a vacancy the duties of
which they may have been Judged competent to
perform. The maximum number of cadets at pres-
ent permitted by law Is 521. The corps of cadets
consists of one from each congressional district.
one from each territorv. one from the District nt
Columbia, two from each state at large and forty
from the United States at large, all appointed by
the president. _
TRAFFIC OF SATJLT STE. MARIE CANALS.
1907. 1908. 1909.
Steamers .............. 17,246 12,553 16,463
Sailing vessels ......... 2,303 1,355 1,787
Jnregistered .......... 889 1,273 984
Total 20,437 15,685 19,204
Net registered tonnnge.44,087,974 31,091,730 46,751,717
Net freight tonnage. ..58,217.214 41,390,557 57,895,149
Passengers, number 62.758 53,287 69,948
58
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES.
In this table, prepared by the department of la-
bor In Washington, the average wholesale price
In New York and other primary markets of each
article for Ihe years 1890-1899, inclusive, is taken as
the base price and is represented by 100. The relative
price is the average wholesale price for each year
from 1898 to 1909. inclusive, compared with the base
price. The relative price in March, 1910, is added.
YEAR.
CATTLE AND CATTLE PRODUCTS.
DA IKY PRODUCTS.
Cattle.
Beef,
fresh.
Beef,
hams.
Beef,
mess.
Tallow.
Hides.
Milk.
Butter.
Cheese
1898
102.2
113.2
111.3
116.6
139.5
105.8
110.9
111.2
114.2
122.9
101.3
108.3
104.3
102.1
125.9
101.7
106.1
104.0
101.2
114.7
129.5
133.1
142.1
118.8
125.6
114.2
112.6
118
117.2
123.5
121.6
119.2
144.0
153.2
138.8
138.2
114.2
115. 9
121.7
116.3
147.1
113.1
109.4
125.0
110.3
122.5
164.5
137.5
183.6
81.8
104.1
111.5
119.1
144.6
117.2
105.5
103.2
119.3
142.8
126.7
136.6
162.8
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
147.8
124.8
124.4
152f6
164.7
155.3
142.6
175.8
152.1
93.7
00.4
107.5
102.7
112.9
112.9
107.8
113.3
118.0
131.4
129.0
132.5
147.1
86.8
95.8
101.7
97.7
112.1
105.7
98.4
112.8
113.1
128.5
122 1
131.7
148.1
83.3
108.9
114.3
102.4
114.1
123.3
103.2
122.8
133.Q
143.3
138-2
150.5
174.
1899
11)00
1901 ...
VT02
1903
1904 ....
1905
190(j ...:
1907
1908
127.1
137.1
155.3
1909
1910 (March)....
YEAH.
HOGS AND HOG PRCUCTS.
SHEEP AND SHEEP
PRODUCTS.
Hogs.
Bacon.
Hams.
smoked.
Mess pork.
Lard.
Sheep.
Mutton.
Wool.
18S8
85.6
91.8
115.5
134.5
155.2
137.2
116.7
120.2
142.2
130.2
129.5
169.1
238.0
89.4
85.8
111.5
132.3
159.0
142.1
115.1
119.0
139.9
140.7
133.1
173.4
219.8
82.0
93.8
104.2
109.2
123.1
129.2
108.9
10B. 3
125.5
132.4
114.3
133.1
176.8
84.8
80.3
107.5
134.2
154 2
143.1
120.6
123.9
150.5
151.0
137.3
183.5
232.3
84.4
85.0
105.5
135.3
161.9
134.1
111.8
113.9
135.6
140.7
138.8
178.7
219.3
104.9
104 3
112.0
92.0
103.2
98.4
109.1
131.5
132.6
129.9
111.0
121.7
189.4
98.0
94.3
96.4
89.5
97.9
98.7
103.2
113.9
120.7
116.0
114.5
119.2
175.7
108.3
110.8
117.7
96.6
100.8
110.3
115.5
127?
121 i
121.9
118?
126'fi
mi
1899
1900
1901
1902
1M03
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910 (March)...
YEAR.
1898
1899
1900
1901.
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910 (March'..,
CORN, ETC.
Corn.
82.6
87.6
100.2
130.6
156.9
121.1
182.6
131.7
121.8
138.8
179.9
175.5
164.2
Glu-
cose.
91.8
95.6
104.9
116.0
153.6
129.7
126.3
125.1
142.9
159.4
186.2
174.4
153.0
Meal.
83.7
91.2
97.0
115.5
148.2
124.7
129.5
128.4
122.5
131.5
156.4
156.7
167.1
FLAXSEKD,
ETC.
Flax-
seed.
99.8
104.0
145.7
145.8
135.0
94.1
99.6
107.6
99.1
106.1
108.0
140.6
192.7
Lin-
seed
oil.
86.5
94.1
138.7
140.0
130.8
91.9
91.7
103.1
89.3
95.7
9ti.5
127.9
109.8
RYE AND
RYE FLOUR.
Rye.
93.8
104.4
97.9
100.8
102.5
97.5
133.4
134.5
115.5
1*5.4
148.0
148.0
149.6
Rye
flour.
92.9
99.4
103.3
100 1
1U3.8
94.9
131.1
134.7
115.9
138.7
142. 8
135.2
133.4
WHEAT AND
WH'T FLOUR.
Wheat Wneat
11 flour.
117.8
94.7
93.7
95.7
98.7
105 1
138.3
134.5
105.6
120.8
131.8
159.7
158.1
BREAD, ETC.
Wheat Crack-
flour.
109.0
87.9
88.3
87.4
89.7
97.1
125.4
122.2
96.8
108.6
118.8
138.6
135.4
ers.
Loaf
bre'd
107.3
99.1
102.7
108.2
108.2
101.3
103.4
113.8
112.1
112.1
112.1
112.8
120.7
100.8
100.8
100.8
100.8
100.8
100.8
106.0
110.9
110.9
110.9
114.5
117.1
117.9
COTTON AND COTTON GOODS.
Cotton,
upland,
mld'ling
Bags,
2-bushel
Am'sk'g
Calico,
Cocheco
prints.
Cotton
flannels.
Cotton
thread.
Cotton
yarns.
Denims,
Drill-
ings.
Ging-
hams.
Ho-
siery
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910 (March).
76.9
84.7
123.8
111.1
115.1
144.7
155.9
123.1
142.0
153.0
134.8
156.0
193.8
95.6
103.4
112.6
101.0
102.4
104.2
128.4
109.6
129.1
138.5
134.3
134.6
143.0
81.4
87.3
94.9
90.4
90.4
91.1
95.7
93.5
99.5
121.0
104.3
97.1
114.6
81.0
88.0
101.6
95.4
96.1
106.8
125.6
119.7
128.2
139.5
119.2
108.4
128.9
98.4
98.4
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
134.8
131.7
126.4
126.4
90.8
88.5
115.5
98.3
94.0
112.9
119.5
105.7
120.8
133.9
108.8
118.6
131.9
85.9
85.8
102.6
100.2
100.6
108.0
116.6
103.7
118.1
132.3
111.1
119.9
143.7
86.8
88.5
105.0
102.2
102.0
109.6
126.7
125.8
138.8
147.2
130.8
139.7
151.4
83.1
89.7
96.3
92.3
99.2
101.8
99.9
93.4
104.7
122.0
101.5
107.2
124.5
83.4
82.5
87.3
85.9
85.2
90.1
89.2
87.5
89 7
97.4
89.5
92.3
93.4
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
50
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES. CONTINUED.
YEAR.
COTTON AND COTTON GOODS.
WOOL AND WOOLEN GOODS.
Print
cloths.
Sheet-
ings.
Shirt-
ings.
Tick-
ings.
Wool.
Blan-
k'ts,all
wool.
Broad-
cloths.
Car-
pets.
Flan-
nels.
Horse
blan-
kets.
1898
72.6
96.3
108.6
99.3
108.9
113.3
117.3
110.0
127.7
167.4
118.0
126.5
145.3
86.7
92.2
105.9
101.8
101.4
110.6
121.1
113.5
122.4
132.2
120.0
119.6
134.7
83.8
87.8
100.4
98.9
98.8
103.2
104.7
Ml. 2
111.1
137.4
120.0
116.4
126.6
84.3
87.0
102.2
95.5
99.0
104. 1
114.3
102.1
119.0
129.4
106.0
111.3
132.0
108.3
110.8
117.7
9P.6
100.8
110.3
1155
127.3
121.1
121.5
118.3
126.5
123.3
107.1
95.2
107.1
101.2
101.2
110.1
110 1
119.0
122.0
119.0
113.1
119.0
131.0
98.2
98.2
108.0
110.3
HO.b
110.3
110.5
115.2
116.6
116.6
115.6
116.6
118.9
100.2
99.4
102.7
101.9
102.5
108.6
110.0
115.7
117.7
123.2
118.9
116.8
117.3
97.8
99.5
108.7
100.8
105.8
114.3
117.6
118.4
122.4
123.1
122.4
121 .9
124.4
93.5
94.2
118.7
109.9
109.9
117.8
122.2
130.9
135.3
130.9
136.5
126.5
135.3
1899 ..
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904...,
1905
1906
1907...
1908....
B09
1910 (March)
YEAR.
WOOL AND WOOLEN GOODS.
HIDES, LEATHER,
BOOTS AND SHOES.
PETROLEUM.
Over-
coat-
ings
(all
wool).
Suitr
ings.
Under-
wear
(all
wool).
Dress
goods
(all
wool).
Wor-
sted
yarns.
Hides.
Leath-
er.
Boots
and
shoes.
Crude.
Re-
fined.
1898
97.1
100.6
116.1
105.3
105.3
103.4
106.1
115.8
KM. 9
105.8
109.0
109.0
122.7
134.8
133.1
127.6
135.1
142.2
92.7
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
88.5
102.7
118.7
107.9
109.8
114.4
115.6
129.7
134.1
130.9
127.0
133.4
140.7
100.5
106.7
118.4
102.2
111.7
118.0
116.5
124.7
128.5
127.9
117.6
130.2
128.7
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
142.8
124.8
124.4
152.6
164.7
155.3
142.6
175.8
152.1
104.4
109.3
113.2
110.8
112.7
112.0
108.5
112.1
120.4
124.0
119.4
126.8
128.9
96.3
96.8
99.4
99.2
'.IS. 11
100.2
101.1
107.4
121.8
125.9
121.3
128.1
128.8
100.2
142.1
14ft.5
132.9
185.9
174.5
178.8
152.1
175.5
190.5
195.6
182.7
153.8
99.5
118.0
132.6
119.3
118.8
142.8
140.6
126.6
131.8
139.1
143.1
133.7
127.4
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
110.2
110.3
118.2
126.1
124.8
122.6
109.8
114.0
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910 (March)
SUMMARY OT RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1898 TO 1910, BY GROUPS.
Average price for 1890-1890100.
YEAR.
Farm
prod'cts.
Food,
etc.
Cloths
and
clothing
Fuel
and
lighting
Metals
and
imple-
ments.
Lumber
and
building
material
Drugs
and
chemi-
cals.
House-
furnish-
ing
goods.
Mis-
cella-
neous.
AH 1
com-
mod-
ities.
1898
96.1
94.4
96 7
95 4
86.4
95 8
106 4
92.0
92.4
93.4
1899
100.0
98.3
106.8
105.0
114.7
105.6
111.3
95.1
97.7
101.7
1900
109.5
104.2
101.0
120.9
120.5
115.7
115.7
106.1
109.8
110.5
1901
116 9
105.9
102
119 5
111.9
116.7
115.2
110.9
107.4
108.5
1902
130.5
111.3
107 1
134 3
117.2
118.8
114.2
112.2
114.1
112.9
1903
118.8
107.1
10ti.6
149.3
117.6
121.4
112.6
113.0
113.6
113.6
1904
126.2
107.2
109.8.
132.6
109.6
122.7
110.0
111.7
111.7
113.0
1905 .
124.2
108.7
112.0
128.8
122.5
127.8
109.1
109.1
112.8
115.9
1906
123.6
112.6
120.0
1Z9.5
135.2
1-10 1
101.2
111.0
121.1
122.4
1907
137.1
117.8
126.7
135.0
143.4
146.9
109.6
118.5
127.1
129.5
1908
133.1
120.6
116. 9
130.8
125.4
133.1
110.4
114.0
119.9
122.8
1909
153.1
124.7
119.6
129.3
124.8
138.4
112.4
111.7
125.9
126.5
1910(March)
181.1
130.9
126.4
130.3'
128.9
151.3
116.4
109.7
132.2
138.8
WORLD'S SHIPS, RAILWAYS, TELEGRAPHS AND CABLES.
[Report of the bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C.]
Development by decades of carrying power, commerce and means of communication from 1800 to 1905.
YEAR.
Popu-
lation.
OOMMEKCE.
CARRYING POWER.
Rail-
ways.
Tele-
graphs
Cables
Total.
Per
capita.
Sail.
Steam.
Total.
1800
Mil-
lions.
640
780
' 847
950
1,075
Mil-
lionsof
dollars
1,479
1,659
1,981
2,789
4.049
Dol-
lars.
2.31
2.13
2.34
2.93
3.76
Thou-
sand
tons.
4,026
5,814
7,100
9,012
11,470
Thou-
sand
tons.
Thou-
sand
tons.
4,02G
Thou-
sand
miles.
Thou-
sand
miles.
Thou-
sand
miles.
1820
0.02
.11
.37
.8t>
5,894
7,528
10,482
14.KE
1830 ..
0.2
5.4
24.0
67.4
139.9
224.9
390.0
500.0
550.0
1840
1850 .
5
100
281
440
768
1.180
1.300
1-40
m
16
49
132
200
200
I860
1.205
1,310
1.439
7,246
10,663
14.701
17,519
20.105
22.500
6.01
8.14
10.26
11.80
13.33
14.06
14.890
12.900
14,400
12,640
8,119
6.037
1.7
3.0
5.9
9.0
14.7
18.6
21,730
25,100
37,900
48,800
66.800
80,400
1870
1880
1800....
1.488
1.500
1,600
1900
1905
60
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
UNITED STATES CUSTOMS DUTIES.
Following are the existing tariff rates placed by
the Payno-Aldrich act on articles in common use
or of extensive importation. The chief items on
the free list are included. Amounts given in dol-
lars and cents are specific and the percentages
ore nd valorem duties. The abbreviation "n. s.
p." ine.-iris not specially provided toi:
Agricultural implements, 15%.
Albums, 35%.
Alcohol, $2. GO proof gal.
Aluminum, crude, 7c ib. ; plates, etc., lie Ib.
Ammonia, l%c a Ib. to 5c Ib.
Animals, n. s. p., 20%; cattle, less than 1 year
old. $2 per head; other cattle, value $14 or less,
$3.75 head; value over $14, 27%%; swine, $1.50 a
head; horses and mules, value $150 or less, $30 a
head; value over $150, 25%; sheep, 1 year or more
old, $1.50 a head; under 1 year, 75c head.
Apples, green, 25c bu. ; dried, 2c Ib.
Art, works of, such as painting and statuary, 15%;
more than twenty years old, free.
Bacon and hams, 4c 11).
Barley, 30c bu. of 48 Ibs. ; malt, 45c bu. of 45 Ibs.
Barrels, casks, empty, 30%.
Baskets, 35% to 40%.
Bay rum. $1.75 gal.
Beaded fabrics, not wool, 60%; wool, 55c Ib. and
60%.
Beads, not strung, 35%; in jewelry, 60%.
Beans. 45c.bu. of 60 Ibs.
Beef, frosff, l^c Ib.
Beets, 25%; sugar beets, 10%.
Birds, free; dressed for ornaments, 60%.
Biscuits, bread, n. s. p., 20%.
Blacking. 25%.
Blank books, n. s. p., 25%.
Blankets, 22c Ib. and 30% to 44c Ib. and 55%.
Bone, manufactures of, n. s. p., 35%.
Books, 25%; printed more than twenty jears, free.
Boots and shoes (leather), Uffo.
Bor.ix, ic Ib.
Bottles, glass, ornamented, 60%.
Braids, wool. 55c Ib. and 60%; silk, cotton, flax,
60%; grass, straw, 15% to 20%.
Brick, lire, $1.25 ton to 35%
Bristles, 7%c Ib.
Bronze, manufactures of, 45%.
Brushes, 40%.
BucKwheat, I5c bu of 48 Ibs.
Buggies, carriages, 45%.
Butter and substitutes for, 6c Ib.
Buttons, l-12c to l%c per line per gross and 15%;
buttons, n. s. p., 50%.
Cabbages, 2c each.
Cameras, 45%.
Camphor, 6c Ib.
Carbons for electric lights, 35c to 65c per 100 ft.;
carbon pots, 20%.
Cards, playing. lOc per pack and 20%.
Carpets, Axminster, moquette, chenille. Saxony,
Wilton, Tournay, 60c sq. yd. and- 40%; Brussels,
44c sq. yd. and 40%; velvet and tapestry velvet,
40c sq. yd. and 40%; tapestry Brussels, 28c sq.
yd. and 40%; thrte-ply Ingrain, 22c sq. yd. and
40%; two-ply ingrain, 18c sq. yd. and 40%; woven
whole for rooms, lOc sq. yd. and 40%; carpets of
wool, flax or cotton and mats and rugs of cot-
ton, 50%.
Cash registers, 30%.
Castor oil. 35c gal.
Cement, hydraulic, in barrels, 8c 100 Ibs.; In bulk,
7c 100 Ibs.; oth;r cement, 20%.
Chalk, prepared, Ic Ib. ; manufactures of, n. s. p.,
25%.
Charcoal, 25%.
Charts, paper, n. s. p., 25%.
Cheese, 6c Ib.
China, decorated, 60%; not decorated, 55%.
Chloroform, lOc Ib.
Chocolate or cocoa, value not above 15c Ib., 2%c
Ib. ; above 15c and not above 24c Ib., 2%c Ib.
and 10%; above 24c and not above 35c Ib., Be Ib.
and 10%; above 35c Ib., 50%.
Cider, 5c gal.
Cigars, cigarettes, $4.50 Ib. and 25%.
Clocks, n. s. p., 40%.
Clothing, cotton, 50%; wool, 44c Ib. and 60%;
silk, 60%.
Coal, bituminous, 45c ton; anthracite, free.
Cod liver oil, 15c gal.
Coffee, free.
Coke, 20%.
Collars and cuffs, cotton, 45c doz. and 15%; linen
40c doz. and 20%.
Colors, paints, etc., n. s. p., 30%.
Combs, norn, 50%.
Confectionery, n. s. p., 4c Ib. and 15% to 50%.
Copper, manufactures, 45%; plates, sheets, 2c Ib. ;
ore, free.
Cork, bark and manufactures of, n. s. p., 30%.
Corn, 15c bu. of 56 Ibs.
Cornmeal, 40c 100 Ibs.
Cotton, raw,, free; cloth, Ic to 8c sq. yd.; hand-
kerchiefs, 4%c and 10%; hosiery, 70c to $2 doz.
pairs and 15%; shirts, drawers, 60c doz. and 15%
to $2.25 doz and 35%; thread, colored, 6c to 67c
Ib. ; not colored, 2^c to 28c Ib.
Currants, dried, 2c Ib.
Damask, cotton table, 40%.
Diamonds, in rough, free; cut, but not set, 10%,
set, 607o.
Drugs, crude, free; advanced in value by treat-
ment, V4c Ib. and 10%.
Dyewoods, crude, free; extracts of, n. s. p.,
%c Ib.
Earthenware, plain, 25%; ornamented, 40%.
Eggs, 5c doz.
Embroideries, lace. 60%.
Engravings, n. s. p., 25%.
Envelopes, plain, 20%; other, 35%.
Etchings, paper, 25%.
Fans, palmleaf, free; all other 50%.
Feathers, plain, 20%; dressed, colored, 60%.
Fertilizers, free.
Figs, 2%c Ib.
Fish, American fisheries, free; n. s. p., %c Ib. ;
halibut or salmon, Ic Ib. ; herrings, pickled, %c
Ib. ; ditto, fresh, %c Ib. ; fish packed In tins,
etc., l#c to lOc per package, according to size;
caviar, 30%.
Flax, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%; straw, $5 a
ton; not hackled, Ic Ib. ; hackled, 3c Ib. ; tow,
$20 ton.
Flaxs'.-ed, 25c bu of 56 Ibs.
Flour, wheat, 25%.
Flowers, artificial, 60%.
Furniture (wood), 35%.
Fur, manufactures of, prepared for use as ma-
terial, 35%: wearing apparel, B0%.
Glass, common wii.dow, I'/ic to 4'/4c Ib.. according
to value and size; glassware, n. s. p., 60%; crown,
polished, 4c to 15c sq. ft.; cast plate, lOc to 25
sq, ft.
Gloves, leather, $1.25 to $4.75 doz. pairs; silk, cot-
ton, fur, 50%.
Glucose or grape sucrar, 1V-C Ib.
Glue, 2V a c Ib. to 15c Ib. and 20%.
Jlycerln, crude, Ic Ib. ; refined. 3c Ib.
Gold, manufactures, 45%; Jewelry, 60%; gold leaf,
35c 100 leaves.
Grass fibers, manufactures, n. s. p., 45%.
Grindstones, $1.75 ton.
Guns, 25% to $6 and 35%.
Gutta-percha, manufactures of, n. s. p.. 35%.
Hair, human, not manufactured, 20%; manufac-
tured, 35%; hair for mattresses, 10%.
Handkerchiefs, silk. 50% to 60%; linen, 50% to 55%.
Harness, leather, 2C%.
Hats and caps, fur, $1.50 to $7 doz. and 20%; other
material, 45% to 60%.
Hay, $4 ton.
Hemp, tow, $2.50 ton; hackled. $45 ton; manufac-
tures, n. s. p., 45%.
Hides, raw, free.
Honey, 20c gal.
Hooks and eyes, metallic, 4'/&c Ib. and 15%.
Hops, 16c Ib.
Horn, manufactures, n. s. p., 40%.
India rubber, manufactures of, n. s. p., 35%.
Ink, 25%.
Iron, ore, 15c ton; in pigs, wrought and cast, $1
ton; bar, n. s. p., 6-10c Ib. ; manufactures of,
n. s. p., 45%; b<nms, girders, 3-10c to 4-lOc Ib. ;
hoop, band or scroll, n. s. p.. 3-lOc to 6-10c Ib. ;
railway bars, T-rails. 7-40c Ib. ; cast iron pipe,
%c Ib. ; malleable castings, n. s. p., 7-10c Ib.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
61
Ivory, manufactures of, 35%; unmanufactured, free.
Jollies, 35%.
Jet, manufactures of, n. s. p., 60%.
Jewelry, 60%.
Jute, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%.
Knives, pocket, 40% to 75c doz and 25%.
Lace, manufactures of, n. s. p., 60%.
Lard, lM>c Ib.
Laths, 20c per 1,000.
Lead, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%; in any form,
n. s. p., 2%c Ib.
Leather, n. s. p., 15%; grain, buff and split, 7%%.
Lime, 5c 100 Ibs.
Linen, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%.
Linoleum, 8c sq. yd. and 15% to lOc sq. yd. and
20%.
Linseed, 25c bu. of 56 Ibs.; oil, 15c gal. of 7% Ibs.
Liquors, ale, portor, stout, l>eer, in bottles or jugs,
45c gal.; !n bulk, 23c gal.; brandy, n. s. p.,
$2.60 proof gal.; cordials, liqueurs, bitters, n. s.
p., $2.60 proof gal.; champagnes and other
sparkling wines in bottles of 1 pint to 1 quart,
$9.60 Joz. ; whisky, gin and other spirits, $2.00
proof gal.
Macaroni, etc., l%c Ib.
Manila cables and cordage, %c Ib.
Maple sirup and sugar, 4c Ib.
Maps, paper, n. s. p., 25%.
Marble, in blocks, rough, 65c cubic ft.; manufac-
tures of, n. s. p., 50%.
Marmalade, Ic Ib., 35%.
Matches, friction, per gross of 144 boxes, 100
watches to the box, in bulk, %c per 1,000; wax
and tapers, 35%.
Matting, rattan, 6c sq. yd.; mats of same, 4c sq.
ft.; oilcloth, 6c sq. yd. and 15% to lOc sq. yd.
ami 15%.
Meats, prepared or preserved, n. s. p., 25%.
Medicinal preparations, n. s. p., 25%; containing
alcohol, 55c Ib.
Meerschaum, crude, free; pipes, 60%.
Mica, unmanufactured, 5c Ib. and 20%; manufac-
tured. lOc Ib. and 20%.
Milk, fresh, 2c gal.; preserved, condensed, 2c Ib.;
cream, 5c gal.
Mineral waters, in bottles of 1 pint to 1 quart,
30o doz.; in bottles of more than 1 quart, 24c
cal.; in bulk, 8c gal.
Mirrors, 45%.
Molosses. 20% to 6c gal., according to test.
Music, in books or sheets, n. s. p., 25%.
Musical instruments, 45%.
Mutton, IM-c Ib.
Nails, wire, 4-lOc to %c Ib. ; cut nails and spikes,
4-10c Ib. ; horseshoe, n. s. p., I'/fcc Ib.
Naphtha, free.
Needles, n. s. p., 2E%; for machines. $1 per 1,000
and 25%; latch, $1.15 per 1,000 and 35%.
Nickel, in pigs, etc., 6c Ib. ; sheets, 35%; manu-
factures of, 45%.
Nippers and pliers, 8c Ib. and 40%.
Nuts, n. s. p., lc Ib. ; peanuts, unshelled, %c Ib. ;
peanuts, shelled, lc Ib. ; almonds, shelled, 6c Ib. ;
almonds, unshelled, 4c Ib. ; filberts and walnuts,
unshelled, 3c ib. ; shelled, 5c Ib. ; Brazil, palm,
cocoanut, free.
Oats, 15c bu. ; oatmeal, lc Ib.
Oilcloth, for floors, n. s. p., 6c sq. yd. and 15% to
ICc sq. yd. and 15%.
Oil, fish, 8c gal.; castor, 35c gal.; cod liver, 15c
fal.; flaxseed, linseed, poppyseed, 15c gal.; pf.,
y>e Ib. ; fusel, %c Ib. ; hempseed, rapeseed, lOc
gal.; olive, n. s. p., 40c gal.; peppermint, 25c Ib. ;
petroleum, naphtha, free.
Onions, 40c bu.
Opera glasses, 45%.
Opium, $1.50 Ib.; dried, $2 Ib.; with less .than 9%
of morphia, $6 Ib. ; derivatives of, $1.50 oz. ; liquid
preparations of. 4C%.
Ore, iron, 15c ton; lead-bearing, l^c Ib. on lead
contained; zinc, %c to lc on zinc contained; gold,
silver, nickel, tin, free.
Oysters, free.
Paintings, n. s. p., 15%; more than twenty years
old. free.
Paints, colors, pigments, n. s. p., 30%.
Palm leaf, manufactures of, n. s. p., 35%.
Papjr, printing, 3-10c Ib. to 8-lOc Ib. ; valued above
5c Ib., 15%; writing, 3c Ib. and 15%; manufac-
tures of, n. s. p., 35%s wood pulp, ground, %c
Ib. ; chemical, l-6c Ib. ; paper stock, free.
Pease, greeu, 25c bu. of 60 Ibs.
Pencils, lead, 45c gross and 25%; slate, 3c per 100;
covered with wood, 35%.
Pens, metallic, except gold, I2c gross.
Pepper, uuground, free; ground, 2V4C to 3c Ib.
Perfumery, alcoholic, 60c Ib. and 50%; nonalco-
holic, 60%.
Pewter, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%.
Phonographs, 45%.
Phosphorus. I8c Ib.
Photographic lenses, n. s. p., 45%; dry plates or
films, n. s. p., 2f%,
Photograph?, printed more than twenty years, free;
other, on paper, 25%.
Pickles, n. s. p., 40%.
Pineapples, in bulk, $8 per 1,000.
Pins, not jewelry, 35%.
Pipes, clay, 15c gross to 50c gross and 25%.; other.
n. s. p., 60%.
Plants, nursery stock, n. s. p., 25%.
Plasters, curative, court, 25%.
Porcelain ware, decorated, 60%; not decorated, 55%
Pork, fresh, l%c Ib.
Potash, crude, free.
Potatoes. 25c bu. of 60 Ibs.
Poultry, live, 3c Ib. ; dressed, 5c Ib.
Powder, gun, 2c Ib. to 4c Ib.
Precious stones, cut but not set, 10%; set, 60%;
imitations, not set, 20%.
Presses, printing, 30%.
Pulp (see paper).
Quicksilver, 7c Ib.
Radium, free.
Rags, wool, lOc Ib. ; other, free.
Raisins, 2%c Ib.
Rattan, rough, fcee; manufactures of, 45%; chair
cnr-e, 10%.
Rice, cleaned, 2c Ib. ; uncleaned, l^c Ib.
Rubber, crude, free; manufactures of, n. s. p., 40%.
Rye, lOc bu. ; flour, l^c Ib.
Saccharine, 65c Ib.
Salt, in bags, barrels, etc., lie per 100 Ibs.; in
bulk, 7c per 109 Ibs.
Sausages, fiologna, free; other, 25%.
Saws, hand, 25%.
Scissors and shears, 15c doz. and 15% to 75c doz.
and 25%.
Screws, 3c to Iflc Ib.
Sculptures, n. 8. p., 15%; more than twenty years
old, free.
Seeds, n. s. p., lOc Ib.
Sewing machines, 30%.
Sheep, 1 year old or more, $1.50 head; less than 1
year, 75c head.
Shingles, 50c per 1,000.
Silks, yard, 45c 10 60c Ib. ; clothing, 60%; spun in
skeins, 35%; skeins not wound or advanced in
manufacture, free.
Silver, bullion, free; manufactures of, n. s. p.,
45%; silver leaf, lOc 100 leaves.
Skins, n. s. p., free.
Slate and manufactures of, n. s. p., 20%.
Snuff, 55c Ib.
Soap, n. s. p., 20%; castile, l^c Ib. ; medicated, 20c
Ib. ; fancy, perfumed, 50%.
Spectecles, 20c doz. and 15% to 50%.
Spices, n. s. p., 3c Ib. ; mustard, lOc Ib. ; sage, lc
Ib. ; pepper, grourd, 2%c Ib. ; cinnamon, clove,
.nutmeg, pepper, cassia, unground, free.
Sponges, 2%; manufactures of, n. s. p., 30%.
Starch, from potatoes, l%c Ib. ; all other, lc Ib.
Stockings, cotton, n. s. p., 30%; other cotton, 70c
doz. pairs to 55%.
Steves, 45%.
Straw, $1.50 ton; manufactures of, n. s. p., 35%.
Sugars, not above No. 16 Dutch standard, 95-100e
Ib., and for every degree above 75 polariscope
test, 35-lOOOc Ib.; above No. 16, 1 91-lOOc Ib.;
saccharine, 65c Ib. ; sugar candy, n. s. p., 4c Ib.
and 15% to 50%.
Swords, 50%.
Tallow, %c Ib.
Tar and pitch free.
Tea, free.
Telescopes, 45%.
Thread, cotton, on spools, 6c doz. ; flax, lOc Ih.
Tiles, plain, 4c sq. ft.; glazed, etc., 8c sq. ft. to
lOc sq. ft. and 25%; quarry, 45%; mantels, etc.,
of tiling, C0%.
62
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Tin, in ori-, bars, blocks, pig, free; in plates,
1 2-10c Ib. : manufactures of, 45%.
Tob.-icco, wrapper, unstemmed, $1.85 Ib. ; stemmed.
$2.50; filler, unstemmed, 35c Ib. ; stemmed, 50<:
lit.; snuff, 55c Ib. ; cigars, cigarettes, $4.50 Ib.
and 25%; tobacco, n. s. p., 55c Ib.
Toothpicks, wood, 2c 1,000.
Turpentine, spirits of, free.
Twine, binding, free.
Type metal, l^c Ib. on lead; new type, 25.%.
Typesetting machines, 30%.
Varnishes, 25%.
Vegetables, preserved or prepared, n. s. p., 40%,
in natural state, n. s. p., 25%.
Vinegar. iy>c pf. gal.
Watch mov'cmets, 70c each to $3 each and 25%;
cases, 40%.
Waterproof cloth, lOc sq. yd. and 20%.
Wax. vegetable or mineral, free.
Whalebone, unmanufactured, free; manufactured,
n. s. p., 35%.
Wheat, 25c bu. ; wheat flour, 25%.
, 35%.
to 40%; fencing,
Willow, manufactures of, n. s. j
Wire, except gold and silver, 35?
%c Ib.
Wood, manufactures of, n. s. p., 35%- sawed lum-
ber, n. s. p., $1.25 per 1,000 ft.; timber, hewn
but not sawed, M>c cubic ft. ; cabinet woods, un-
manufactured, 15%; veneers, 20%; ties, poles,
10%.; fence posts, free; logs and unmanufactured
timber, pulp woods, firewood, free.
Wool, class 1. lie Ib. ; class 2, I2c Ib. ; class 1,
washed, 22c Ib. ; scoured, 33c Ib. ; class 2, scoured,
36c Ib. ; class 3, 4c to 7c Ib. ; woo! on skin, Ic
Ib. less than on cut wool of same class; blankets,
22c Ib. and 30% to 44c Ib. and 55%; cloths, knit
fabrics, n. s. p., 33c Ib. and 50% to 44c Ib. and
55%; dress goods, women's and children's, 7c sq.
yd. and 50% '.o lie sq. yd. and 55%; clothing,
ready made, 44c Ib. and 60%.
Zinc, manufactures of, n. s. p., 45%; ore, with less
than 10% zinc, free; with more than 10%, %c to
Ic Ib.
UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION.
Appointed Sept. 11, 1909.
Prof. Henry C. Emery, Yale university, New
Haven, Conn.
James B. Reynolds, assistant secretary of the
treasury, Washington, D. C.
Alvin H. Sanders, editor Breeders' Gazette, Chi-
cago.
The appointment of the commission was author-
ized in the second section of the Payne-Aldrlch
tariff law of 1909, the last sentence in the section
reading: "To secure the information necessary in
carrying out the provisions of this section the
president is authorized to employ such persons as
may be required." The maximum compensation of
each member of the commission is $7,500.
SYNOPSIS OF TARIFF
Morrison Bills First bill presented to 48th con-
gress during Chester A. Arthur's administration;
proposed a horizontal reduction of 20 per cent
with free Iron ore, coal and lumber; defeated in
house April 15, 1884. by vote of 159 to 155; house
heavily democratic and senate republican. Second
bill presented to 49tli congress during Grover
Cleveland's first administration; similar to first
bill, proposing free wool, salt and lumber; de-
feated in house June 17, 1886. by a vote of 157 to
140: house democratic, senate republican.
Mills Bill Presented to 50th congress during
Cleveland's first administration; provided for free
lumber and wool, reduction on pig iron and abo-
lition of specific duties on cotton; passed by house
July 21, 1888, by vote of 162 to 149, but failed in
senate; house democratic, senate republican.
McKinley Bill Passed by 51st congress during
Benjamin Harrison's administration: became law
Oct. 6, 1890; high protective measure, though re-
mitting duties on sugar and providing for reci-
procity treaties: both houses of congress repub-
lican.
Wilson Bill Passed by 53d congress during
Cleveland's second administration; became law
Aug. 17, 1894, without th president's signature;
LEGISLATION SINCE 1884.
both houses democratic: measure reduced duties
in some cases and made additions to free list,
notably wool.
Dingley Bill Passed by 54th congress during Mc-
Klnley's administration; approved July 24. 1897;
passed by house 205 yeas to 122 nays, 27 members
not voting; passed by senate 38 yeas to 28 nays,
23 not voting; house contained 206 republicans and
134 democrats and senate 46 republicans and 34
democrats; measure raised rates to produce more
revenue, but was similar In many respects to the
McKinley act.
Payne-Aldrich bill passed at extra session of 61st
congress In first year of President William H.
Taft's administration; approved Aug. 5, 1909;
passed the house by a vote of 217 to 161 and the
senate by n vote of 45 to 34. The conference vote
in the house was 195 yeas to 183 nays, twenty re-
publicans voting in the negative and two demo-
crats in the affirmative. In the senate the vote on
the final conference report was 47 to 31, seven re-
publicans voting Rgainst it. In general the re-
vision of the Dingley act was in the direction of
lower duties, but there were some increases. The
law Is given practically in full in The Daily Newtr
Almanac and Year-Book for 1910.
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION IN WASHINGTON,
The Smithsonian institution was established by
statute in 1846, under the terms of the will of
James Smithson. who bequeathed his fortune in 1826
to the United States for the "increase and diffu-
sion of knowledge among men." From the income
of the fund a building, known as the Smithsonian
building, was erected in Washington, E>. C., on
land given by the United States. Tltc institution
is legally an establishment havinsc as its members
the president and vice-president of " the United
States, the chief .lustice and the president's cabi-
net. It is governed by a board of regents consist-
ing of the vice-presid*Bt. the chief justice, three
members of the United States senate, three mem-
bers of the house of representatives and six citi-
zens appointed by joint resolution of congress. It
is under the immediate direction of the secretary
of the Smithsonian institution, who is the execu-
tive officer of the board and the director of the in-
stitution's activities. The institution aids investiga-
tors by making grants for research and exploration,
providing for lectures, initiating scientific projects
and publishing scientific papers. It has adminis-
trative charge of the national museum, the national
gallery of art, the international exchange service,
the national zoological park, the astrophysical ob-
servatory and the regional bureau for the interna-
tional catalogue of scientific literature. The insti-
tution's original endowment of $541.000 has been
increased by gifts and accumulated interest to
$987,000. yielding an annual income of $58.375. The
secretary' of the institution is Charles D. Walcott.
ROHAN AND ARABIC NUMERALS.
I...
II..
HI.
IV.
V 5
VI 6
IX
X
9
10
D
M
BOO
.1000
VII 7
VIII... 8
50
100
MCMX
1910
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
c:?
THE PANAMA CANAL.
OANAL STATISTICS (OFFICIAL).
Length from deep water to deep water 50.5 miles.
Length on lnnd-40.5 miles.
Length at summit level 31.7 miles.
Bottom width of channel Maximum, 1,000 feet;
minimum (in Culc-bra eut), 360 feet.
Depth Minimum, 41 feet; maximum. 45 feet.
Summit level 83 feet above mean tide.
Locks in pairs 12.
Locks, usable length 1.000 feet.
Locks, usuble width 110 feet.
Gatun lake, area 164 square miles.
Gatun lake, channel depth 85 to 45 feet.
Concrete required 5,000,000 cubic yards.
Time of transit through canal 10 to 12 hours.
Time of passage through locks 3 hours.
Length of relocated Panama railroad 46.2 miles.
Canal zone, area About 448 square miles,
^anal zone area owned by United
322 square miles.
d States About
French buildings acquired 2,150.
French buildings used 1,537.
Value of utilized French equipment $1,000,000.
Canal force, average at work About 39,000.
Estimated total cost of canal $375,000,000.
Work begun by Americans May 4, 1904.
Length of canal in use in August, 191010.5 miles.
Probable date of completion Jan. 1, 1915.
CANAL COMMISSION.
Lieut. -Col. Geoflse W. Goethals, U. S. A., chair-
man and chief engineer.
Lieiit.-Col. David Du B. Gaillard, U. S. A., corps
of engineers.
Lieut. -Col. William L. Slbert, U. S. A., corps of
engineers.
Col. William C. Gorgas, U. S. A., medical de-
partment.
Harry H. Rousseau, IT. S. N.. civil engineer.
Lieut. -Col. H. F. Hodges, U. S. A.
Maurice H. Thatcher, civilian.
Headquarters of commission in Panama.
As chairman, Lieut. -Col. Goethals receives a sal-
ary ol $15,000 annually. Lieut. -Cols. Gaillard and
Sibert and Civil Engineer Rousseau $14,000 ach
and Dr. Gorgas, Col'. Hodges and Mr. Thatcher
$10,<KK> each.
CIVIL ADMINISTRATION.
Head of Department Maurice H. Thatcher, Ancon.
Chief Clerk G. A. Ninas. Ancon.
CANAL ZONE JUDICIARY.
Chief Justice Supreme Court H. A. Gudger.
Associate Justice Wesley M. Owen, Ancon.
Associate Justice Lorin C. Collins. Empire.
The salary of the chief justice is $6,500 a year
and of the associate justices $6,000 each.
SANITATION.
Chief Col. W. C. Gorgas.
Assistant Lieut. -Col. John L. Phillips.
General Insi>ector Maj. Robert E. Noble.
CHRONOLOGY.
First exploration of route, 1527.
Advocated by Humboldt 1803.
Panama railroad built 1850-1855.
Panama Canal company formed by De Lesseps 1879.
Work on canal begun Feb. 24, 1881.
Canal company failed Dec. 11, 1888.
De Lesseps and others sentenced to prison for
fraud Feb. 9, 1893.
New French canal company formed October, 1894.
De Lesseps. died Dee. 7, 1894.
Hay-Pauncefote treaty superseding the Clayton-
Buhver treaty signed Nov. 18, 1901; ratified by
senate Dec. 16; ratified by Great Britain Jan.
20. 1902.
Canal property offered to the United States for
$40.000,000 Jan. 9. 1902; accepted Feb. 16, 1903.
Bill authorizing construction of canal passed by
house of representatives Jan. 9, 1902; passed by
senate June 19. 1902: approved June 28. 1902.
Canal treaty with Colombia signed Jan. 22. 1903;
ratified by senate March 17, 1903; rejected by
Colombia Aug. 12, 1903.
Revolution in Panama Nov. 3, 1903.
Canal treaty with Panama negotiated Nov. 18,
1903; ratified by republic of Panama Dee. 2. 1903;
ratified by United States senate Feb. 23, 1904.
Canal commissioners appointed Feb. 29, 1904.
Papers transferring canal to the United States
signed in Paris April 22, 1904.
Bill for government of canal zone passed by the
senate April 15, 1904; passed by the house April
21; approved April 26.
Canal property at Panama formally turned over
to the United States commissioners May 4, 1904.
President outlines rules for the government of the
canal zone and war department takes charge of
the work May 9, 1904.
Gen. George W. Davis appointed first governor of
canal zone May 9, 1904.
John F. Wallace appointed chief engineer May
10, 1904; resigned June 29. 1905.
Republic of Panama paid $10,000,000 May 21, 1904.
First payment on $40.000,000 to French canal com-
pany made May 24, 1904.
Lorin C. Collins appointed Supreme court judge
for canal zone June 17, 1905.
New commission with Theodore P. Shonts as chair-
man named April 3, 1905; Shonts resigned March
4, 1907.
John F. Stevens appointed chief engineer June 29,
1905; resigned Feb. 26. 1907.
Lieut. -Col. George W. Goethals appointed chief en-
gineer Feb. 26. 1907.
PLAN OF THE CANAL.
The entire length of the Panama canal from
deep water in the Atlantic to deep water in the
Pacific is F0.5 miles. Its length on land is 40.5
miles. In passing through the canal from the
Atlantic to the Pacific, a vessel will enter a
channel with a bottom width of 500 feet in Limon
bay and follow tbis for about seven miles to
Gatun, where it will enter a series of three locks
in flight and be lifted eighty-five feet to the level
of tte Gatun lake. It will sail at full ocean
speed through this lake, in a channel varying from
1,000 to 500 feet in width, for a distance of about
twenty-four miles, to Bas Obispo, vyhere it will
enter the Culebra cut. It will sail through the
out. a distance of about nine miles, in a channel
with a bottom width of 300 feet, to Pedro Miguel.
There it will enter a lock and be lowered 30%
feet, to a small lake at an elevation of 54% feet
above sea level, and will sail through this for
about 1% miles to Miraflores. There it will enter
two locks in series and be lowered to sea level,
passing out into the Pacific through a channel 8%
miles in length, with a bottom width of 500 feet.
The depth of the approach channel on the Atlan-
tic side, where the tidal oscillation does not ex-
coed iy 3 feet, will be 41 feet at mean tide, and on
the Pacific side, where the maximum oscillation is
23 feet, the depth will be 45 feet at mean tide.
GATUN DAM.
Tiie Gatun dam, which will form Gatun lake by
Impounding the waters of the Chagres river and
other streams, will be nearly 1% miles long, meas-
ured on its crest, nearly half a mile wide at its base,
about 400 feet wide at the water surface, about
100 feet wide at the top, and its erect, as planned,
will be at an elevation of 115 feet above mean
sea level, or 30 feet above the normal level of the
lake. The interior of the dam will be 'formed of
a natural mixture of sand and clay, dredged by
hydraulic process from pits above and below the
dam, and placed between two large masses of
rock and miscellaneous material, obtained from
steam-shovel excavation at various points along
the canal. The top and up-stream slope will be
riprapped. The spillway is a concrete lined open-
ing, 1.200 feet long and 300 feet wide, cut through
a hill of rock nearly in the center of the dam,
the bottom of the opening being ten feet above sea
level. During the construction of the dam, all
the waters discharged from the Chagres river and
its tributaries will flow through this opening.
Wh^n the lake is formed, the spillway will be
closed with a concrete dam. fitted with gates and
machinery for regulating the water level of the
lake.
The water level of. Gatun lake, extending through
the Culebra eut, will be maintained at the south
end by aa earth dam connecting the locks at
Pedro Miguel with the high ground to the west-
C4
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
GATUN DAM, SPILLWAY AND LOCKS ON PANAMA CANAL.
ward, about 1,700 feet long, with its crest at aii
elevation of 105 feet above mean tide. A small
lake between the locks at Pedro Miguel and Mira-
flores will be formed by dams connecting the walls
of Miraflores locks with tho high ground on either
Bide. The dam to the westward will be of earth,
about 2.700 feet long, having its crest about 15 feet
above the water in Miraflores lake. The east
dam will be of concrete, about 500 feet long, and
will form a spillway for Miraflores lake, with
crest gates similar to those at the spillway of
the Gutun dam.
GATUN LAKE.
Gatun lake will cover an area of 164 square
miles, with a depth in the ship channel varying
from 85 to 45 feet. Throughout the first 16 miles
from Gatun the width of the channel will be
1.000 feet; then for 4 miles It will be 800 feet and
for 4 miles more, 500 feet, when the entrance to
Culebra cut, at Bas Oblspo, will be reached. The
watel level in the cut will be that of the lake
and the bottom width of the channel will be 300
feet.
CANAL ZONE.
The canal zone contains about 448 square miles.
It begins at a point three marine miles from mean
low-water mark in each ocean and extends for five
miles on each side of the center line of the route
of the canal. It includes the group of islands in
the Bay of Panama named Perico, Naos, Culebra
und Flamenco. The cities of Panama and Colon
are excluded from the zone, but the United
States has the righf to enforce sanitary ordinances
and maintain public order there in case the re-
public of Panama should not be able to do so.
Of the 448 square miles in the zone the United
States owns 322 and private persons 126. The pri-
vate property may, however, be acquired at any
time by the United States by purchase or by the
exercise of the right of eminent domain.
THE LOOKS.
There will be twelve locks in the canal, all in
duplicate; three pairs in flight at Gatun, with a
combined lift of 85 feet; one pair at Pedro Miguel,
with a lift of 30% feet, and two pairs at Mira-
flores, with a combined lift of 54% feet at mean
fide. The dimensions of all are the same a usa-
ble length of 1,000 feet and a usable width of
110 feet. Each lock will be a chamber, with walls
and floors of concrete and water-tight gates at
each end.
The side walls will be 45 to 50 feet wide at the
surface of floor; will be perpendicular on the
face and will narrow from the point 24% feet
above the floor until they are 8 feet wide at the
top. The middle wall will be 60 feet wide, ap-
proximately l feet high, and each face will be
vertical. At a point 42% feet above the surface
of the floor and 15 feet above the top of the mid-
dle culvert, this wall will divide into two parts,
leaving a space down the center much like the
letter "U," which will be 19 feet wide at the bot-
tom. In this center space, which will be 44 feet
wide at the top, will be a tunnel divided into
three stories or galleries. The lowest gallery will
be for drainage; the middle for the wires that
carry the electric current to operate the gate and
valve machinery, which will be installed in the
center wall, and the upper will be a passageway
for the operators. The lock chambers will be filled
and emptied through lateral culverts in the floors,
connected with main culverts, 18 feet in diameter,
in the walls, the water flowing in and out by
gravity.
The lock gates will be steel structures, 7 feet
thick, 65 feet long and from 47 to 82 feet high.
They will weigh from 300 to 600 tons each. For
the entire canal 92 leaves will be required, the
total weighing 57,000 tons. Intermediate gates will
be used in the locks to save water and time, if
lesired. in locking small vessels through, the gates
being so fixed as to divide the locks into chambers
600 and 400 feet long, respectively. Of the vessels
navigating the high seas, 95 per cent are less than
600 feet long. In the construction of the locks
it Is estimated that there will be used approxi-
mately 4,500,000 cubic yards of concrete.
No vessel will be permitted to enter or pass
through the locks under its own power. Electric-
ity will be used to tow all vessels into and
through the locks, and to operate all gates and
valves, power being generated by water turbines
from the head created by Gatun lake. The time
required to pass a vessel through all the locks
is estimated at three hours, one hour and a half
in the three locks at Gatun and about the same
time in the throe locks on the Pacific side. The
CHTCAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
65
time of the passage of a vessel through the entire
canal is estimated as ranging from ten to twelve
hours, according to the size of the ship and the
rate of speed at which it can travel.
CANAL EXCAVATION TO JULY 31, 1910.
Cu. yds.
By French companies 78,146,960
French excavation useful to canal 29,908,000
By Americans
Dry excavation 70,178,614
Dredges 42,956,592
Total 113,135,206
May 4 to Dt>c. 31, 1904 243,472
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1905 1,799,227
Jan 1 to Dec. 31, 1906 4,948,497
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1907 15,765,290
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1908 37,116.735
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1909 35.096,166
Jan. 1 to July 31, 1910 18,165,819
The gold force is made up of the officials, cleri-
cal force, construction men and skilled artisans
of the isthmian canal commission and the I'anama
railroad. Practically all are Americans. The sil-
ver force represents the unskilled laborers of the
commission and the railroad. Of these about 5.000
nre Europeans, mainly Spaniards, with a few
Italians and other races. The remainder somo
20,000 a'-e West Indians, about 4,000 of whom are
employed as artisans receiving 16, 20 and 25 cents,
and a small number 32 and 40 cents, an hour. The
standard rate of the West Indian laborer is 10
cents an hour, but a few doing special work are
paid 16 and 20 cents, The larger part of the
Spaniards are paid 20 cents an hour.
SUBSISTENCE DEPARTMENT.
The subsistence department is divided into two
branches commissary and hotel. It does about
TOTAL BY DIVISIONS AND AMOUNT TO BE EXCAVATED.
Amount excavated.
Cubic yards. Total.
Amount to be excavated.
Cubic yards. Total.
tlantic
Dry excavation..
Dredges
. 'ntral
Oulebra cut
AH other points.
Pacific-
Dry excavation..
Dredges
Grand totals...
7,162,572
50,448,871!
9,686,as3
26,256,405
60,135,459
1.110,482
15,990,458
17,100,940
23H:759 \ 26 - 743 - 342
113,135.206
3,499,559
15,312.061
69,402,560
APPROPRIATIONS AND EXPENDITURES.
APPBOPBIATIONS.
Payment to New Panama Canal com'y-HO,000,000.00
Payment to republic of Panama 10,000,000.00
Appropriation for 1902 10,000,000.00
Appropriation for 1906 11,000,000.00
Deficiency for 1906 6,990,786.00
Appropriation for 1907 25,456,415.08
Appropriation for 1908 27,161.367.50
Deficiency for 1908 12,178,900.00
Appropriation for 1909 29,187, OOO.OJ
Deficiency for 1909 5,458,000.00
Appropriation for 1910 33,638,000.00
Deficiency for 1910 76,000.00
Appropriation for 1911 37,855,000.00
Total 248,001,468.58
EXPENDITURES TO M.UICH 1, 1910.
Construction and engineering 63,143,128.14
Construction and engineering, plant 22,471,687.32
Sanitation 10,884,410.18
Civil administration 3,926,853.36
Panama railroad second main track 1.107,910.78
Panama railroad relocated line 4,354,137.56
Purchase and repair of steamers 2.555,009.17
Zone water works and sewers 3,270,248.92
Zone roadways 1,429,752.65
Loans to Panama Railroad company 3,718,567.03
Construction and repair of buildings... 9,574,865.12
Miscellaneous 3,960,658.21
Total 130,397,228.44
Thrre have been expended for pavements, water
works, sewers, etc.. In the cities of Panama and
Colon about $2.500.000. and work under an addi-
tional appropriation of $800,000 was in progress in
these cities in 1910. making $3.300.000 In all. This
sum will be returned to the United States treas-
ury by water rates collected by the United States
for a period of fifty years.
CANAL FORCE.
On March 23. 1910, the total force of the Isthmian
cana! commission and Panama railroad company
actually at work was 38,732, divided as follows:
Gold. Silver. Total.
Isthmian canal commission 4.499 26.217 30.716
Panama railroad, proper 557 3.336 3,893
Panama railroad relocation 158 3,000 3;i58
Panama railroad commissary 216 750 965
Total
.5,429 33,303 38,732
$7,000,000 worth of business a year. It feeds,
clothes and provides with necessities approximately
50,ODO persons. The department is self-sustaining.
It has thirteen general stores in as many canal-
zone villages and three camps on the relocated
line of the railroad. No goods are sold for cash,
only coupons issued to emplojes being accepted In
payment for purchases.
PART OF CANAL COMPLETED.
In August 5% miles of the canal at the Atlantic
entrance wore opened to navigation for the sand
and rock fleet of the Atlantic division. This sec-
tion, added to the five miles at the Pacific en-
trance open to vessels of all kinds, made the total
of the canal in use 10% miles.
PANAMA RAILROAD.
The Panama railroad and the steamships run in
connection with it between New York and Colon
are owned and operated by the United States gov-
ernment. When the canal was purchased from the
new French canal company the railroad and steam-
ship property was included among the assets. It
practically parallels the route of the canal nearly
the whole distance. Since it was acquired by the
Americans the line has been almost completely re-
located to correspond with changes in the route
and plan of the canal. It is 46% miles long and
runs between the cities of Colon and Panama.
ROMAN AND
Roman.
Apollo
A urora
Rolus
Bacchus..
Bellona
Oeres
Cupid
Cybele
Diana
Juno ,
Jupiter
Man?
Mercury
Minerva
Neptune
Pluto
Saturn
Venus
Vesta
Vulcan
GREEK GODS
Greek.
. Apollon
..Eos.
. Eolus
Dyonysus..
. Enyo
. Demeter...
. Eros .
Rhca
.Artemis
. Hera..
. .Zeus .
Ares
. Hermes
. Atlu-na
. Poseirlon.. .
..Hades
. Kronos
.Aphrodite.
. Hestia
. Hepbestus
AND GODDESSES.
Divinity of.
The sun.
The dawn.
The winds.
Wine.
War.
Harvest.
Love.
Nature.
The chase.
Heaven.
Heaven.
War.
Commerce.
Wisdom.
Sea.
Lower world.
Agriculture.
Love.
Purity.
Fire.
66
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
CHRONOLOGICAL SURVEY OF PEACE MOVEMENTS.
Compilod by Charles E. Beals, field secretary ofthe American Peace society.
New York Peace society, organized 1815, first in
the world.
Many state societies organized in quick succession.
A national organization, the American Peace so-
ciety, formed in 1828, in which the state societies
merged themselves.
Peace movement spread rapidly until the time
of the Crimean war, American civil war, etc.
Great peace jubilees held throughout the country
International Law association organized, 1873.
Interparliamentary union formed, 1889.
International peace bureau established in Berne,
1891
First Lake Mohonk arbitration conference, 1895.
American Society of International Law organ-
ized. 1906.
Intercollegiate Peace association, 1605.
Association for International Conciliation, 1907.
Peace day, ISth of May (Hague day).
Peace Sunday, the Sunday before Christmas.
American Society for the Judicial Settlement of
International Disputes, 1910.
INTERNATIONAL PEACE CONGRESSES.
First series: 1. London, 1843; 2. Brussels, 1848:
3, Paris 1849; 4. Frankfort, 1850; 5, London, 1851;
6, Edinburgh, 1853.
Second series: 1, Paris, 1889; 2, London, 1890; 3,
Rome, 1891; 4. Berne, 1892; 5. Chicago. 1893; 6.
Antwerp, 1S94; 7. Budapest, 1896; 8. Hamburg, 1897;
9. Paris 1900; 10. Glasgow, 1901; 11. Monaco, 1902;
12, Rouen, 1903; 13, Boston, 1904; 14, Lucerne, 1905;
15, Milan, 1906; 16, Munich, 1907; 17, London, 1908.
NVTIONAL PEACE CONGRESSES IN THE
UNITED STATES.
First: New Yopfc in 1907.
Second: Chicago in 1909.
INTERGOVERNMENTAL PEACEMAKING.
Joint disarmament by Great Britain and United
States along 'Canadian border, 1817 to present time.
Central American High Court of Nations estab-
lished.
"Pan-American congress,
1889, led to establish-
ment of International Bureau of American Repub-
lics, 1890.
Pacific settlement of over 600 international dis-
putes.
The statue of The Christ of the Amies, commem-
orating joint disarmament of Chile and Argentina,
erected, 1904.
Many international bureaus (e. g. the Universal
Postal union) already in actual operation, 1909.
Over eighty arbitration treaties now in effect,
1909.
HAGUE PEACH CONFERENCES.
First Hague conference, May 18, 1899, of twenty-
six nations.
Second Hague conference, June 15, 1907, of forty-
four nations.
Third Hague conference, to be held about 1915.
THB HAGUE COUBT OF ARBITRATION.
The permanent court of arbitration at The
Hague, instituted July 29, 1899, consists of from
one to four representatives of the governments
participating In The Hague peace conference of
1899 or signing the convention providing for the
court. The members of the court from the greater
powers are as follows:
France Leon Bourgeois, A. Decrals, Baron D'Es-
tournelles de Constant, Louis Renault.
Germany E. F. Sieveking, Herr Kriege, Herr
von Matitz, Herr von Bar.
Great Britain Sir Edward Fry, Viscount Selby,
Bir E. Satow, Sir Charles Fitzpatrick.
Italy Jean B. P. Guarnasehelli, Auguste Pier-
antoni, Guido Fusinato, Angelo Majurana.
Japan Itchiro Mctono, Henry Willard Denison.
United States Melville W. Fuller, John W.
Griggs, George Gray, Oscar S. Straus.
Secretary Gen. -Baron Michaels van Derduynen.
April 24, 1903. Andrew Carnegie gave to the gov-
ernment of the Netherlands the sum of $1,500,000,
to be used In the construction of a "palace of
peace" at The Hague. The corner stone of this
structure was laid July 30, 1907, at Zorgvllet In
the wooded park stretching from The Hague to
Scheveningen.
TROOPS ENGAGED IN UNITED STATES WARS.
Military and naval forces employed by the government since 1775.
War. Date.
Revolution 1775-83
Northwestern Indian 1790-95
France 1798-1800
Tripoli 1801-05
Indian (Harrison) 1811-13
War of 1812 1812-15
Creek Indian 1813-14
Seminole 1817-18
Winnebago (Wis. ) 1827
Sac and Fox (111.) 1831
Black Hawk 1832
Cherokee removal 1833-39
Seminole ( Fla. ) 1835-42
Sabine Indian 1836-37
Creek (Ala. ) 1836-37
"Patriot" (frontier) 1838-39
Seminole (Fla. ) 1842-58
Mexico 1846-48
Total.
309,791
8.983
4,593
3.330
910
576,622
13,781
6,911
1,416
'"6,'465
9,494
41.122
4,429
13,418
1,500
'iiz.m
War. Date.
Cayuse Indian (Ore.) 1848
Texas Indian 1849-58
Apache (Utah) 1849-55
California Indian 1849-56
Utah Indian 1851-58
Oregon. Washington Indian 1851-66
Coma nche 1854
Seminole ,...1855-58
Civil war .1861-68
Spanish-American 1898-99
Philippine 1899-1902
Pekin (China) expedition 1900-01
Total.
1,116
4,243
2,561
265
540
3,145
503
2,687
2,778,304
312,523
140,038
6,913
THE MONROE
The "Monroe doctrine" was enunciated by Presi-
dent Monroe in his message to congress Dec. 2,
1823. Referring to steps taken to arrange the
respective rights of Russia, Great Britain and the
United States on the northwest coast of this con-
tinent, the president went on to say:
"In the discussions to which this interest has
given rise, and in the arrangements by which they
may terminate, the occasion has been deemed
proper for asserting, as a principle in which the
rights and interests of the United States are In-
volved, that the American continents, iiy the free
and independent condition which they have as-
sumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be con-
sidered as subjects for future colonization by any
European power. * * * We owe it, therefore,
to candor and to the amicable relations existing
Total 4,371,839
The total in this table includes re-enlistments.
The total number of individuals is estimated at
3,304,993, of whom 2,213,363 served in the civiJ war.
DOCTRINE.
between the United States and those powers to
declare that we should consider any attempt on
their part to extend their system to any portion
of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and
safety. With the existing colonies or dependen-
cies of any European power we have not inter-
fered and shall not interfere. But with the gov-
ernments who have declared their independence
and maintain it, and whose independence we have,
on great consideration and on just principles ac-
knowledged, we could not view any interposition
for the purpose of oppressing them or controlling
In any other manner tneir destiny by any Euro-
pean power in any other light than as the mani-
festation of an unfriendly disposition toward the
United States."
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1611..
DEATH OF EDWARD VII. AND ACCESSION OF GEORGE V.
Edward VII., king of Great Britain and Ireland
ajid emperor of India, died in Buckingham palace,
London, at 11:45 p. m., Friday, My 6, 1910. The
Immediate cause of his death was heart failure
following an attack of bronchitis. He had for
some years suffered from emphysema, with an at-
tendant bronchial catarrh and with digestive dis-
turbances, which undermined his naturally strong
constitution. The political crisis in the kingdom
brought on by the dispute between the house of
commons and the house of lords over the budget
also gave him much anxiety and prooably affected
his health to some degree. To obtain relief he
went to Biarritz early In March, but while there
had a severe bronchitic attack. Recovering from
this he returned to London April 27 and resumed
his n-gular duties.
Saturday. April 30, he felt a little unwell and
went to Sandringnam. Sunday he attended
church, but In the afternoon spent some time in
the open air and contracted a slight chill. Mon-
day he returned to London, and though feeling out
of sorts kept a dinner engagement. Tuesday and
Wednesday he continued at worK in spite of th-.
admonitions of his medical advisers, receiving of-
ficial visitors and giving audiences. He suffered
from coughing and difficulty in breathing, espe-
cially at night. The physicians, Drs. Francis
Henry Laklng, James Reid and R. Douglas Powell,
recognized the gravity of his condition and Queen
Alexandra, who was on the continent, was sent
for. She arrived on the afternoon of Thursday,
and Ihe fact that the king did not meet her at
the railway station as usual was the first indica-
tion to the public that his illness was serious.
Even on that day his majesty continued to 'trans-
act public business, though he was confined to his
room. Thursday evening the physicians with his
consent issued the following bulletin:
"The king is suffering from an attack of bron-
chitis and has been confined to his room for two
days. His majesty's condition causes some
anxiety."
In the early hours of Friday morning. May 6,
the king had several severe attacks of dyspnoea,
and when the physicians visited him they found
that the gravity of the symptoms had Increased.
They Issued a bulletin at 11 a. m., stating, "The
king has passed a comparatively quiet night, but
the symptoms have not Improved and his majes-
ty's condition gives rise to grave anxiety." The
king rose in the morning -and dressed, but spent
mosfc^of the time seated In his chair. At noon
his condition grew worse and ho had several
fainting spells. He had retained full control of
his senses until then, and in reply to some sug-
gestion said: "No, il shall not give In; I shall go
on; I shall work to the end. These were his
last conscious words.
Oxygen was freely administered, but without
avail. His periods of unconsciousness became more
prolonged, and at 6 p. m. the physicians issued
the following bulletin :
"The king's symptoms have become worse dur-
ing the day and his majesty's condition Is now
critical."
Late In the evening he was put to bed, having
been permitted to remain seated in his chair to
ease his breathing. He did not regain con-
sciousness, and at 11:45 p. m. the end came after
a prolonged period of perfect calm. The news e<f
the king s death was told to the world In the fol-
lowing bulletin, signed by the physicians already
nanvd and also by Dr. Bertrand Dawson:
"His majesty the king breathed his last at
11:45 to-night in the presence of her majesty
Queen Alexandra, the prince and princess of Wales,
the princess royal (duchess of Fife), the Princess
Victoria and the Princess Louise (duchess of
Argyll)."
Mourning for the king was heartfelt and gen-
eral. n< t only throughout the great empire over
which ho had reigned for nearly a decade, but in
all parts of the civilized world, where It was felt
that in his death the cause of International
peace had lost one of its most powerful and ear-
nest advocates. Messages of sympathy and condo-
lence were received by Gi> x n Alexandra and the
royal family from the rulers and presidents of
all nat'ons, including one from PreKideut Taft of
the United States. The latter appointed Formet
President Roosevelt, then in Europe, to attend the
funeral as the special representative of the United
States.
Wednesday, May 18, the body of Kind Edward
was removed' with simple but impressive ceremo-
nies frcm Buckingham palace to Westminster
hall, wiiere It lay in state. It was viewed by hun-
dreds of thousands, who passed the coffin in an
unbroken stream until the doors were finally
closed. Friday, May 20, the body was taken to
Paddington station and thence conveyed to Wind-
sor, where the funeral services were conducted by
the archbishop of Canterbury in St. George's
chapel. Later the royal remains were entombed in
the Albert Memorial chapel.
The tribute paid to the dead king on the day of
the fui.tral in London was perhaps the most re-
markable In the history of England. In the pro-
cession from Westminster hall to the railway sta-
tion the rulers of cine European nations, members
of all the leading royal families, diplomats, mil-
itary and naval leaders and many other distin-
guished persons followed the gun carriage on which
the coffin rested. The three miles of streets
through which the cortege moved, between solid
lines of red-coated soldiers, standing with rifiea
reversed and the regimental colors dipped to the
ground, were thronged with such a mass of silent,
somberly clad people as had- seldom If ever be-
fore been seen in London.
CHRONOLOGY.
Following is a brief chronology of the life of
King Edward VII.:
Born Nov. 9, 1841.
Visited tinted States, 1860.
Married to Princess Alexandra March 10, 1863.
Visited India, 1875-1876.
Succeeded to the throne Jan, 22, 1901.
Crowned Aug. 9, 1992.
Died May 6, 1910.
ACCESSION OF GEORGE V.
George Frederick, prince of Wales, succeeded to
the throne immediately upon the death of his father,
Edward VII. He assumed the title of George V.
In accordance with an old custom his first of-
ficial act was to send to the lord mayor of London
a telegram announcing King Edward's death.
Saturday, May 7, at 4 o'clock in the afternoon,
George V. took the oath and was formally declared
king of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of
India, the ceremony taking place In the throne-
room of St. James' palace In the presence of the
Brivy council, under the presidency of the earl of
rewe. Following custom, the members of the
council were first formally notified of the death of
King Edward VII. and of the accession of George
V. A committee then informed his majesty of what
had been done, whereupon he entered the council
chamber and made an address, in which he spoke of
the death of his father and declared that to en-
deavor to follow in King Edward's footsteps and at
the same time to uphold the constitutional govern-
ment of the realm would be the earnest object of
his life. The proclamation of his majesty's ac-
cession was signed by Prince Christian and all
the other privy councilors present and by the
lord mayor and the representatives of the city.
His majesty took the usual oath for the security
of the church of Scotland, and the councilors wei-e
all resworn. The king then received the coun-
cilors, who kissed hands on Doing presented, and
the ceremony came to an end.
Monday, May 9, the medieval ceremony of pro-
claiming the accession of the new king by hert>lds
and pursuivants In the various centers of London
took piece. The first proclamation was made in
Friary court at St. James' palace at 9 o'clock in
the morning and was witnessed from one of the
windows by the new king and queen and also by
their children. In the quadrangle of the court
were a guard of honor of the 1st life guards,
members of the army headquarters staff In full
uniform and a large concourse of spectators. At
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
the appointed time the officials of the Oollege of
Arms stepped through an open window on to the
terrace on the western side of the court. The
duke of Norfolk was earl marshal; Sir Alfred
Scott-Gatty, garter king of arms; W. H. Weldon,
norroy king of arms; W. A. Lindsay, Windsor
herald, and II. F. Burke. Somerset herald. The
four pursuivants, Rouge Dragon, Portcullis, Rouge
Croix and Blue Mantle, were R. Green, Joseph
Watkin, A. 'Cochrane and G. W. Wollaston. As
they took their places on the center of the balcony
the' two mace bearers and the royal trumpeters
stood to the right and left. After the trumpeters
had sounded a fanfare the earl marshal and the
garter king of arms advanced and the latter read
the proclamation:
"That the high ar.d mighty prince, George Fred-
erick Ernest Albert, is now, by the death of our
late sovereign of hpppy memory, become our only
lawful and rightful liege lord George V., by the
grace of God king of the united kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland and of the British dominions
beyond the seas, defender of the faith, emperor
of India, to whom we do acknowledge all faith and
constant obedience, with all hearty and humble
affection, beseeching God, by whom kings and
queens do reign, to bless the royal Prince George
V. with long and happy years to reign over us."
As Sir Alfred Scott-Gatty finished the reading
he and the earl marshal raised their hats and
the former called out loudly, "God! save the king!"
A royal salute was fired, the royal standard was
raised above Marlborough house and the band
played the national anthem, the spectators join-
ing in and singing the words. Similar ceremonies,
though less elaborate, took place at Charing Cross,
Temple Bar and the Royal exchange. The proc-
lamation was read on the same day In various
places throughout the whole empire.
CHRONOLOGY.
Born June 3, 1865.
Became heir-presumptive, 1892.
Married Princess Mary of Teck. 1893.
Opened Australian parliament, May 9, 1901.
Madi! prince of Wales, 1901.
Appointed vice-admiral, 1903.
Visited India, 1905.
Succeeded to throne, May 6, 1910.
Date fixed for coronation, June 22, 1911.
CHRONOLOGY OF RECENT WARS.
SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR. 1898.
Maine blown up Feb. 15
Diplomatic relations broken April :
Cuban blockade declared April '
War declared by Spain April 24
War declared by United States April 25
Dewey's victory at Manila May 1
Hobson's Merrlmac exploit Junes
U. S. army corps lands In Cuba June 21
Battle at El Caney and San Juan July 1
Cervera's fleet destroyed . July 3
Santiago d Cuba surrenders July 17
Peace protocol signed Aug. 12
Surrender of Manila Aug. 13
Peace treaty signed in Paris Dec. 12
PHILIPPINE WAR. 1899 1902.
Hostilities begun Feb. 4, 1899
Battles around Manila. Feb. 4-7, 1899
Battle at Pasig March 13, 1899
Santa Cruz captured April 25, 1899
San Fernando captured May 5, 1899
Battle of Bacoor June 13, 1899
Battle of Imus June 16, 1S99
Battle of Colamba July 26, 1899
Battle of Calulut Aug. 9, 1899
Battle at Angeles Aug. 16, 1899
Maj. John A. Logan killed Nov. 11, 1899
Gen. Gregorio del Pilar killed Dec. 10, 1899
Gen. Lawton killed Dec. 19, 1899
Taft commission appointed Feb. 25, 1900
Aguinaldo captured March 23, 1901
End of the war April 30. 1902
Military governorship ended July 4, 1902
ANGLO-BOER WAR. 1899-1902.
Boers declare war Oct. 10, 1899
Boers invade Natal Oct. 12, 1899
Battle of Glencoe Oct. 20, 1899
Battle of Magersfonteln Dec. 10, 1899
Battle of Colesburg Dec. 31. 1899
Spion Kop battles Jan. 23-25,
Kimberley relieved Feb. 15,
Gen. Cronje surrenders Feb. 27,
Ladysmith relieved March 1,
Mafeklng relieved May 17,
Johannesburg captured May 30,
Orange Free State annexed May 30,
Pretoria captured June 4,
South African Republic annexed Sept. 1,
Gen. Methuen captured March 7,
Treaty of peace signed May 31,
RUSSO-JAPANESE WAR. 1904-1905.
Hostilities begun by Japan Feb. 8,
War declared Feb. 10,
Petropavlovsk sunk April 13,
Battle of the Yalu May 1,
Battle shjp Hatsuse sunk May 15,
Cruiser Yoshlno sunk May 15,
Nanshan hill battles May 21-27,
Dalny captured May 30,
Vafangow battle June 14,
Kniping captured July 8,
Port Arthur Invested July 20-31,
Newehwang evacuated.. July 25,
Haicheng evacuated Aug. 3,
Port Arthur naval battle Aug. 10,
Battle of Liaoyang Aug. 26-Sept. 4,
Battle of Sha river Oct. 12-19.
Dogger bank affair Oct. 22,
203 Meter hill captured Nov. 30.
North Keekwan captured Dec. 18.
Elirlungshan captured Dec. 25.
Sungshushan captured Dec. 31,
Port Arthur surrendered Jan. 1-2,
Battle of Heikoutal Jan. 27-Feb. 4,
Battle of Mukden Feb. 24-March 12,
Battle of Sea of Japan Mnv 27-28,
Roosevelt peace proposal June 7.
Sakhalin captured July 31,
Portsmouth peace conference Aug. 9-29,
Peace treaty signed Sept 5,
1900
1900
1900
1900
1900
1900
1900
1900
1900
1902
1901
DEATH OF BJORNSTJERNE BJORNSON.
Bjorestjerne BJornson, the Norwegian novelist,
poet, dramatist, orator and advocate of universal
peace, died in Paris, France, April 26, 1910, after
an illness extending over more than a year. He
was brought to Paris in November. 1909, to be
treated for arterio-sclerosis, from which he was
suffering, but failed to receive any permanent ben-
efit. In February. 1910. he seemed to he nt death's
door, but rallied and passed the crisis for the
time being. His body was brought to Norway on
the cruiser Norge and the funeral took place in
Ohristiar.ia May 3 Bjornson was 77 years old at
the time of his death.
THE DRAGO DOCTRINE.
When In the winter of 1902-03 Germany, Britain
and Italy blockaded the ports of Venezuela in at-
tempt to make the latter country settle up Its
debts Dr. L. F. Drago, a noted jurist of Argen-
tina, maintained that force cannot be used by one
power to collect money owing to Its citizens by
another power. Prominence was given to the con-
tention by the fact that it was officially upheld
by Argentina and favored by other South Amer-
ican republics. The principle embodied has be-
come generally known as the "Drago doctrine."
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
ARBITRATION OF FISHERIES DISPUTE.
The historic Atlantic fisheries controversy, which
for 130 years had been a source of annoyance to
the United States and Great Britain, was sub-
mitted to the International court of arbitration at
The Hague. June 1, 1910. and the decision an-
nounced Sept. 7 following. The dispute arose chief-
ly over the Interpretation of the treaty between
the two countries In 1818, but Its earliest origins
dated back to conditions created by the treaty of
1783. The clause In the treaty of 1818, which caused
the greater part of the trouble, was as follows:
"That the Inhabitants of the United States shall
have forever, in common with the subjects of his
Britannic majesty, the liberty to take fish of ev-
r-ry kind on that part of the southern coast of
Newfoundland extending from Cape Ray to the
Ramea islands, on the western and northern coast
from Cape Ray to the Quirpon Islands, on the
shores of the Magdalen islands and also on the
coasts, bays, harbors and creeks from Mount Joli
en the southern coast of Labrador to and through
the straits of Belleisle, and thence northwardly in-
definitely along the coast, without prejudice, how-
ever, to any of the exclusive rights of the Hud-
son's Bay company."
In return for these privileges the United States
i enounced forever the right to fish within three
marine miles of the coasts of British North Amer-
ica not included within the above. The main
source of trouble was the difference of opinion as
to the right of Americans to obtain supplies of the
bait fishes herring, capelln and squid in the coast
waters of Newfoundland, where alone they are to
be had. This right was denied by Newfoundland.
Great Britain and Canada became Involved In the
dispute and It was finally decided In January, 1909,
to submit the whole matter to the court of arbi-
tration at The Hague, in accordance with the prin-
ciples of the convention for the settlement of in-
ternational disputes, signed by many of the pow-
ers Oct. IS, 1907.
The cause was considered by the following arbi-
trators: Prof. H. Laramasch of Austria, presi-
dent: Dr. Luis Drago of Argentina, Jhr. M. A. F.
de Savornln Lohman of Holland, Sir Charles Fitz-
patrick of Great Britain and Judge George Gray
of the United States.
The counsel on behalf of the United States were
Chandler I'. Anderson of New York, agent; Elihu
Root, senator from New York; George Turner of
Spokane. Wash.; Samuel J. Elder of Boston,
Muss. ; Dr. James Brown Scott, solicitor of the
state department; Charles B. Warren of Detroit,
Mich., and Robert Lansing of Watertown, N. Y.
The counsel on behalf of Great Britain were A.
B. Aylesworth. minister of justice of Canada,
agent: Sir William Robinson. K. C. . attorney-gen-
eral for England; Sir Robert Flnly, K. C., for-
mer attorney -general for England; Sir H. Erie
Richards, K. C., of England; John S. Ewart.
K. C., of Canada: George W. Shepley, K. C.. of
Canada; W. N. Tilley of Canada; Sir Edward Mor-
ris. K. C., premier of Newfoundland; Sir Jame^
Wirter, K. C., former attorney-general of New-
founlland, and D. Morlson, K. C., attorney -general
of Newfoundland.
Seven main questions were submitted for the de-
cision of the arbitrators. The questions and flnd-
ligs were as follows:
1. Must any reasonable regulations made by
Great Britain. Canada and Newfoundland In the
form of municipal laws, ordinanaes or rules, nec-
essary for the preservation of the fisheries and the
maintenance of public order and morals and equl-
talili- as between local fishermen and inhabitants of
th.> United States, be subject to the consent of th<>
United Stales?
The right of Great Britain to moke regulations
for the preservation of the fisheries without the
consent of the United States Is affirmed and is de-
clared to he inherent to the sovereign rights of
Great Britain. Both parties agree that the reason-
ableness of the existing regulations should be sub-
mitted to nn impartial commission of experts. If
the United States object to any new regulation it
shall not come Into operation with respect to the
Inhabitants of the United States until a permanent
mixed fishery commission has decided upon Its rea-
sonableness.
2. Have the inhabitants of the United States,
while exercising the liberty to take fish on the
treaty coasts, referred to In the first article of the
tre.ity of 1818, a right to employ, as members of
the lishing crews of their vessels, persons not in-
habitants of the United States?
The tribunal is of opinion that the inhabitants
of the United States while exercising the liberties
referred to in the said article have the right to
employ, as members of the fishing crews of their
vessels, persons rot inhabitants of the United
States. But, in view of preceding considerations,
the tribunal, to prevent any misunderstanding aa
to the effect of its award, expresses the opinion
that noninhabitants employed as members of the
fishing crews of United States vessels derive no
benefit or immunity from the treaty.
3. Can the liberties to "take fish" and to "dry
and cure fish" in the places referred to In the
treaties be subjected, without the consent of the
United States, to the requirement of entry or re-
port at custom horses or the payment of light,
harbor or other dues, or to any similar condition?
The tribunal decides and awards as follows: The
requirement that an American fishing vessel should
report, if proper conveniences for doing so are at
hand, is not unreasonable. But the exercise of the
fishing liberty by the inhabitants of the United
States should not be subjected to Ihe purely com-
mercial formalities of report, entry and clearance
at a custom house, nor to light, harbor or other
dues not imposed upon Newfoundland fishermen.
4. Can restrictions be imposed upon American
fishermen making the exercise of the privileges
granted them by the treaty to enter certain bays
or harbors for Shelter, repairs, wcod and water
conditional upon the payment of light, harbor, or
other dues, or entering or reporting at custom
houses, or any similar conditions?
It Is decided and awarded that such restrictions
are not permissible. It seems reasonable, however.
In order that these privileges accorded by Great
Britain on these grounds of hospitality and hu-
manity should not bo abused, that the American
fishermen entering such bays for any of the four
purposes aforesaid and remaining more than forty-
eight hours therein should be required, if thought
necessary by Great Britain or the colonial govern-
ment, to report either in person OP by telegraph at
a custom house or to a customs official, if reason-
ably convenient opportunity therefor is afforded.
5. What is a "bay" within the meaning of the
treaty?
The tribunal decides and awards: In case of
bays three marine miles are to be measured from
a straight line drawji across the body of water at
the place where it ceases to have the configuration
and characteristics of a bay. At all other places
the three marine miles are to be measured follow-
ing the sinuosities of the coast. Considering that
the tribunal cannot overlook that this answer to
question five, although correct in principle and the
only one possible In view of the want of a suffi-
cient basis for a more concrete answer. Is not en-
tirely satisfactory as to Its practical applicability
and that it leaves room for doubts and differences
in practice: therefore, the tribunal considers it its
duty to render the decision more practicable and
to remove the danger of future differences by ad-
joining to it a recommendation in virtue of the
responsibilities imposed by article IV. of the spe-
cial agreement. Considering, moreover, that in
treaties with France, with the North German con-
federation and the German empire and likewise in
the North sea convention. Great Britain has adopt-
ed for similar cases the rule that only bays of ten
miles width should be considered as those wherein
the fishing is reserved to nationals, and that In
the course of negotiations between Great Britain
and the United States a similar rule has been on
various occasions proposed and adopted by Great
Britain in instructions to the naval officers sta-
tioned on these coasts, and that though these cir-
cumstances are not sufficient to constitute this a
principle of law. It seems reasonable to propose
this rule with certain exceptions, all the more that
70
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAB-BOOK FOB 1911.
this rule with such exceptions has already formed
the basis of an agreement between the two powers.
6. Does the treaty give the inhabitants of the
United States the same liberty to take fish in the
bays, harbors and creeks of Newfoundland as it
does in the bays, harbors and creeks of Labrador?
The tribunal is of opinion that American inhabi-
tants are entitled to fish in the bays, creeks and
harbors of the treaty coasts of Newfoundland and
the Magdalen islands, and it is so decided and
awarded.
7. Are the inhabitants of the United States,
whose vessels resort to the treaty coasts for the
purpose of exercising the liberties referred to in
article I. of the treaty, entitled to have for those
vessels, when duly authorized by the United States
In that behalf, the commercial privileges on the
treaty coasts accorded by agreement or otherwise
to United States trading vessels generally?
The tribunal is of opinion that the inhabitants
of the United States are so entitled in so far as
concerns this treaty, there being nothing In Its
provisions to disentitle them, provided the treaty
liberty of fishing and the commercial privileges
are rot exercised concurrently, and it is so decid-
ed and awarded.
The document is signed by the five arbitrators,
Dr. Drago, however, stating his dissent from the
majority In respect to the 'findings in reply to the
fifth Question.
BECOBD OF DECISIONS.
Decisions have been rendered by the permanent
court of arbitration at The Hague as follows:
Oct. 14, 1902 In the matter of the case of the
Pious fund of the Californias between the United
States and Mexico.
Feb. 22, 1904 Bespecting the preferential claims
of the creditor nations of Venezuela under the
protocols of May 7, 1903.
May 22, 1905 In the difference between France,
Germany and Great Britain on the one hanrt and
Japan on the other, respecting leases held in
perpetuity.
Mav 22. 1909 In the matter of the Casablanca dis-
pute between France and Germany.
Aug. 8, 1909 In the matter of the dispute between
Great Britain and France, respecting the right
of certain Muscat dhows to fly the French flag.
Oct. 23, 1909 Bespecting .the maritime boundary
between Norway and Sweden.
Sept. 7, 1910 In the North Atlantic fisheries case
between the United States and Great Britain.
There Is pending before the same tribunal the
arbitration of the differences between the United
States on behalf of the Orinoco Steamship com-
pany and Venezuela under the protocol of Feb.
13, 1909.
THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST LAW.
Passed by the 51st congress and approved July 2, 1890.
Section 1. Every contract, combination In the
form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in re-
straint of trade or commerce among the several
states or with foreign nations Is hereby declared
to be Illegal. Every person who shall make any
such contract or engage in any such combination
or conspiracy shall be deemed guilty of a misde-
meanor, amd, on conviction thereof, shall be pun-
ished by fine not exceeding $5,000 or by imprison-
ment not exceeding one year, or by both said pun-
ishments. In the discretion of the court.
Sec. 2. Every person who shall monopolize or
attempt to monopolize or combine or conspire with
any person or persons to monopolize any part of
the trade or commerce among the several states or
with foreign nations shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be
punished by fine not exceeding $5,000 or by im-
prisonment not exceeding one year, or by both said
punishments. In the discretion of the court.
Sec. 3. Every contract, combination In form of
trust or otherwise, or conspiracy in restraint of
trade or commerce in any territory of the United
States or of the District of Columbia, or in re-
straint of trade or commerce between any such
territory and another, or between any such
territory or territories and any state or states or
the District of Columbia or with foreign nations,
or between the District of Columbia and any state
or states or foreign nations, is hereby declared
illegal. Every person who shall make any such
contract or engage in any such combination or
conspiracy shall be deemed guilty of a misdemean-
or, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by
fine not exceeding $5,000 or by Imprisonment not
exceeding one year, or by both said punishments,
in the discretion of the court.
Sec. 4. The several Circuit courts of the United
States are hereby invested with jurisdiction to
prevent or restrain violations of this act; and It
shall be the duty of the several district attorneys
of the United States, in their respective districts,
under the direction of the attorney-general, to in-
stitute proceedings In equity to prevent and i - e-
strain such violations. Such proceedings may be
by way of petition setting forth the case and pray-
ing that such violation shall be enjoined or other-
wise prohibited. When the parties complained of
shall have been duly notified of such petition the
court shall proceed, as soon as may be, to the
hearing and determination of the case; and pend-
ing such petition and l>efore final decree the court
may at any time make such temporary restraining
order or prohibition as shall be deemed just in the
premises.
Sec. 5. Whenever it shall appear to the court
before which any proceeding under section 4 of
this act may be pending that the ends of justice
require that other parties should be brought be-
fore the court, the court may cause them to be
summoned, whether they reside in the district in
which the court la held or not; and subpoenas to
that end may be served in any district by the
marshal thereof.
Sec. 6. Any property owned under any contract
or by any combination or pursuant to any con-
spiracy (and being the subject thereof) mentioned
in section 1 of this act and being in the course
of transportation from one state to another or
to a foreign country shall be forfeited to the
United States and may be seized and condemned
by like proceedings as those provided by law for
the forfeiture, seizure and condemnation of prop-
erty imported into the United States contrary to
law.
Sec. 7. Any person who shall be injured in his
business or property by any other person or cor-
poration by reason of anything forbidden or de-
clared unlawful by this act may sue therefor in
any Circuit court of the United States in the dis-
trict in which the defendant resides or is found,
without respect to the amount in controversy,
and shall recover threefold the damages by him
sustained and the cost of suit, including a reason-
able attorney's fee.
Sec. 8. That the word "person" or "persons"
wherever used In this act be deemed to include
corporations and associations existing under or
authorized by the laws of either the United States,
the laws of any of the territories, the laws of
any state or the laws of any foreign country.
EXPRESS BUSINESS OF THE UNITED STATES.
[Beported by federal census bureau.]
Number companies
Mileage operated
Mileage on railroads
Mileage on water lines.
Mileage on stage lines..
1907.
34
235.903
216,973
17,796
1,134
1890.
18
174,059
160,122
10,882
3,055
1907.
Value of equipment $9,641,443
Number of employes 79,284
Expenditures $115,033,204
Beceipts $128,117,176
Money orders issued 14,014,960
1890.
$5,074,045
45,718
$45,783,123
4, 5981567
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
71
DATES OF RECENT
Agulnaldo captured, March 23, 1901.
Alaska boundary award made, Oct. 17, 1903.
Albert I. ascended throne of Belgium Dec. 17, 1909.
Alfonso XIII. ascended throne of Spain May 17,
1902; attempted assassination of, In Paris, June
I. 1906.
Amundsen, Roald, completes northwest passage,
Anarchists pardoned by Altgeld, June 26, 1893.
Andree began arctic balloon trip, July 11, 1897.
Anglo-American arbitration treaty signed, Jan.
II. 1897.
Anglo-Boer war began, Oct. 10. 1899; ended, May
31. 1902.
Anglo-Japanese treaty signed, Jan. 30, 1902.
Armenian massacres began in 1890; culminated
In 1895, 1896 and 1897.
Australian commonwealth inaugurated. Jan. 1,
1901.
Baltimore fire, Feb. 7, 1904.
Battle ship cruise, American, Dec. 16, 1907, to
Feb. 22, 1909.
Bennington gunboat disaster, July 21, 1905.
Bering sea seal treaty signed, Nov. 8, 1897.
Bismarck resigned chancellorship, March 18, 1890;
died. July 30, 1898.
Borda, president, assassinated, Aug. 25, 1897.
Bosnia and Herzegovina annexed by Austria, Oct.
6. 1908.
Boxer outbreak in China began. May, 1900.
Boyertown (Pa.) theater fire and panic, Jan. 13,
1908.
Brazil proclaimed a republic, Nov. 15, 1889.
Bulgaria proclaims Independence, Oct. 5, 1908.
Cable. Pacific, laying of begun at San Francisco,
Dec. 14, 1902.
Campanile in Venice fell, July 14, 1902.
Carlos I., king of Portugal, assassinated, Feb. 1,
1908.
Carnot, president, assassinated, June 24, 1894.
Caroline Islands bought by Germany, Oct. 1,
1899.
Chelsea (Mass.) fire, April 12, 1908.
Cherry (111.) mine disaster, Nov. 13, 1909.
Cholera epidemic In Hamburg, Germany, August,
1892.
Christian IX., king of Denmark, died, Jan. 29,
1906.
Cleveland, Grover, died June 24, 1908.
Coal (anthracite) strike began. May 12. 1902;
ended. Oct. 21, 1902.
Corinth ship canal open. Aug. 6. 1893.
Crib disaster, Chicago, Jan. 20, 1909.
Cronln murder. May 4, 1889.
Cuba under sovereignty of United states, Jan. 1,
1899.
Cuban constitution signed, Feb. 21, 1901.
Cuban-United States reciprocity treaty ratified
March 19, 1903; bill to carry treaty into effect
passed by congress Dec. 16, 1903.
Cuban republic inaugurated, May 20, 1902; Pres-
ident Paluia and cabinet resigned and American
control established Sept. 29, 1906; Gen. Jose
Miguel Gomez elected president, Nov. 14, 1908;
American control relinquished, Jan. 28, 1909.
Cuban revolt began, Feb. 24, 1895.
Czolgosx, McKinley's assassin, tried and sen-
tenced, Sept. 24, 1901; executed, Oct. 29, 1901.
De Lesseps, Ferdinand, convicted of Panama
fraud. Feb. 9, 1893.
Delhi coronation durbar began, Dec. 29. 1902.
Del.vannis, Grecian premier, assassinated June 13,
1905.
Dewey's victory at Manila, May 1, 1898.
Dingley tariff bill signed, July 24, 1897.
Dom Pedro exiled from Brazil, Nov. 16, 1889.
Dreyfus, Capt.. degraded and sent to Devil's is-
land, Jan. 4. 1895; brought back to France,
July 3. 1899; new trial begun. Aug. 7; found
guilty. Sept. 9; pardoned, Sept. 19, 1899; re-
stored to rank in army, July 12, 1906, by de-
cision of Supreme court of France; decorated
with cross of Legion of Honor, July 21. 1906.
Earthquake In India, April 4. 1905; In Calabria,
Italy. Sept. 8. 1905. and Dec. 28. 1908. (See also
San Francisco, Valparaiso, Kingston and Messina.)
Edward VII. proclaimed king, Jan. 24. 1901;
crowned. Aug. 9, 1902.
HISTORICAL EVENTS.
Elizabeth, empress of Austria, assassinated. Sept.
10, 1898.
Emmanuel III., king of Italy, crowned. Aug. 11,
1902.
Fallieres. C. A., elected president of France, Jan.
17, 1906.
Field, Marshall, died. Jan. 16, 1906.
Formosa transferred to Japan, June 4, 1895.
Frederick VIII. succeeded to throne of Denmark,
Jan. 29. 1906.
Galveston tornado, Sept. 8. 1900.
General Slocum disaster. June 15, 1904.
Gladstone resigned premiership, March 2, 1894;
died, May 19, 1898.
Goebel, Gov. William, shot, Jan. 30. 1900; died,
Feb. 3.
Greco-Turkish war began, April 16, 1897; ended,
May 11, 1897; peace treaty signed, Sept. 18, 1897.
Harriman, E. H., died, Sept. 9, 1909.
Harrison, Benjamin, died, March 13, 1901.
Harrison, Carter, Sr., assassinated, Oct. 28, 1893.
Hawaii made a republic, July 4, 1894; annexed to
United States, Aug. 12, 1896; made a territory,
June 14. 1900.
Hay-Pauncefote isthmian-canal treaty signed, Nov.
18, 1901.
Homestead (Pa.) labor riot, July 6, 1892.
Hugo, Victor, centenary celebration begun in
Paris, Feb. 26, 1902.
Humbert, King, assassinated, July 29, 1900.
Idaho admitted as a state, July 3, 1890.
Irish land-purchase law In force, Nov. 1, 1903.
Iroquois theater fire, Dec. 30, 1903; lives lost, 575.
Italian army routed in Abyssinia, March 1, 1896.
Italian prisoners lynched in New Orleans, March
14. 1891.
Ito, Prince, assassinated, Oct. 26, 1909.
Jameson raiders in Transvaal routed, Jan. 2, 1896.
Japan, battle of Sea of, May 27-28, 1905.
Japan declared war on China, Aug. 1, 1894; war
ended, April 17. 1895.
Japan-Russia war began, Feb. 7, 1904; ended
Sept. 5, 1905.
Johnstown flood, May 31, 1889.
Ketteler, Baron von, killed in Pekin, June 30, 1900.
Kingston (Jamaica) earthquake and fire, Jan. 14.
1907.
Kishinev massacre, April 20, 1903.
Koch's lymph cure announced, Nov. 17, 1890.
Kongo. Free State annexed by Belgium Aug. 20,
-1908.
Kossuth, Louis, died, March 20, 1894.
Lawton, Gen. H. 'W., killed. Dec. 19, 1899.
Leiter wheat deal collapsed. June 13, 1898.
Leopold II., king of Belgium, died, Dec. 17, 1909.
Liliuokalani, queen of Hawaii, deposed Jan. 16,
1893.
Luiz Philippe, crown prince of Portugal, assassi-
nated Feb. 1. 1908.
Madagascar annexed to France, Jan. 23, 1896.
Maine blown up, Feb. 15. 1898.
Marconi signals letter "S" across Atlantic, Dec.
11, 1901.
Messina destroyed by earthquake, Dec. 28, 1908.
Meyerbeer centenary celebrated in Berlin, Sept.
5, 1891.
Morocco conference began, Jan. 16, 1906.
Mukden, battle of. Feb. 24-March 12, 1905.
McKinley. President, shot by anarchist, Sept. 6,
1901; died, Sept. 14, 1901.
Nansen arctic expedition started, July 21, 1893;
returned, Aug. 13, 1896.
Nicholas II. proclaimed czar of Russia, Nov. 2,
1894; crowned. May 26, 1896; attempted assassi-
nation of, Jan. 19, 1905.
Norge disaster. June 28, 1904.
North Collinwootl (O.) school disaster, March 4,
1908.
North pole reached by Commander Robert E. Peary,
April 6, 1909.
Norway dissolved union witli Sweden. June 7, 190o.
Oklahoma and Indian territory admitted to union
as state of Oklahoma, Nov. 16, 1907.
Omdurman, battle of. Sept 4. 1898.
Oscar II., king of Sweden, died Dec. 8, 1907.
Panama canal property bought by the United
States. Feb. 16. 1903.
72
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
Panama fraud trials In Paris, Jan. 10 to March
21, 1893
Panama revolution, Nov. 3, 1903.
Pan-American congress, first, began, Oct. 2, 1889;
second, Oct. 23. 1902.
Paris flood, Jan. 20-Feb. 1, 1910.
Peace conference called by czar, Aug. 24, 1898;
opened at The Hague, May 18, 1899; closed.
July 29, 1899; second peace conference, June 15-
Oct. 18, 1907.
Pekin captured by the allies. Aug. 15, 1900.
Philippine-American war began, Feb. 4, 1899;
ended. April 30, 1902.
Philippines ceded to the United States, Dec. 10,
1898.
Pope Leo XIII. died, July 20, 1903.
Pope Pius X. elected, Aug. 4, 1903.
Port Arthur captured by the Japanese from Chi-
nese, Nov. 21, 1894; from Russians. Jan. 1, 1905.
Porto Rico ceded to the United States, Dec. 10,
1898.
Porto Rico hurricane. Aug 8, 1899.
Portugal, King Carlos and Crown Prince Luiz of,
assassinated. Feb. 1, 1908.
Postage between United States and Britain re-
duced to 2 cents. Oct. 1. 1908.
Pretoria captured by the British. June 4, 1900.
Pullman strike began, May 11, 1894; boycott be-
gan, June 26; rioting in Chicago and vicinity,
June and July; strike and boycott ended, August.
Rhodes. Cecil, died, March 26. 1902.
Roentgen ray discovery made public, Feb. 1, 1896.
Roosevelt. Theodore, became president of United
States, on death of McKinley, Sept. 14. 1901;
elected to same office, Nov. 8, 1904.
Russia-Japan war began, Feb. 7, 1904; ended,
Sept. 5, 1905.
Salisbury, Premier, resigned. July 13, 1902; died,
Aug. 22, 1903.
St. Louis cyclone, May 27. 1896.
St. Petersburg riots, Jan. 22, 1905.
St. Pierre, Martinique, destroyed, May 8, 1902.
San Francisco earthquake and fire. April 18-20,
1906.
San Juan and El Caney, battles of. July 1. 1S98.
Santiago de Cuba, naval battle of, July 3, 1898.
Santiago de Cuba surrendered, July 17, 1898.
Schley inquiry ordered, July 26, 1901; began, Sept.
20; ended, Nov. 7; verdict announced, Dec. 13.
Schurz. Carl, died. May 14, 1906.
Sergius, Grand Duke, assassinated. Fob. 17, 1905.
Servia, king and queen of, assassinated, June 11,
1903.
Shah of Persia assassinated, May 1, 1896.
Simplon tunnel completed, Feb. 25, 1905.
Spanish-American war began, April 25, 1898; peace
protocol signed, Aug. 12, 1898; Paris peace treaty
signed, Dec. 12; peace treaty ratified, Feb. 6,
1899.
Springfield (111.) riots and lynchings, Aug. 14-15.
1908.
Stone, Ellen M., captured by brigands, Sept. 3,
1901; released, Feb. 23. 1902.
Taft. William H., elected president of the United
States, Nov. X 1908.
Transvaal republic annexed to Great Britain, Sept.
1, 1900.
Turkey, sultan of. proclaimed constitution, July
24, 1908; Sultan Abdul Hamid deposed April 27,
1909.
Utah admitted as a state. Feb. 4. 1896.
Valparaiso earthquake, Aug. 16, 1906.
Venezuelan blockade by England. Germany and
Italy began in first part of December, 1902;
ended. Feb. 13. 1903.
Vesuvius, s^eat eruption of, April 1-10. 1906.
Victoria, queen of England, died. Jan. 22, 1901.
Wilhelmina proclaimed queen of Holland, Aug. 31,
1898.
Windsor hotel, New York, burned. March 17, 1899.
World's Fair in Chicago opened, May 1, 1893;
ended. Oct. 30. 1893.
Wyoming admitted as a state, July 10, 1890.
Yalu, battle of, Sept. 17, 1894.
CITIES GOVERNED BY COMMISSIONS.
In August, 1910. the following cities had adopted
the commission plan of government:
California Berkeley, Riverside, San Diego.
Colorado Colorado Springs, Grand Junction.
Idaho Boise, Lewiston.
Iowa Burlington, Cedar Rapids, Des Moines, Keo-
kuk, Sioux City.
Kansas Abilene. Anthony, Coffeyville. Emporia,,
Hutchinson, Independence, lola, Kansas City,
Leavenworth, Marion, Newton, Parsons, Pills-
bury, Topeka, Wellington, Wichita.
Massachusetts Chelsea, Gloucester, Haverhill.
Minnesota Mankato.
Missouri St. Joseph.
New Mexico Roswell.
North Carolina Charlotte.
North Dakota Bismarck. Mandan, Mir.ot.
Oklahoma Ardmore. Enid, Tulsa.
South Carolina Columbia.
South Dakota Chamberlain, Del Rapids, Pierre,
Sic.ux Falls.
Tennessee Bristol, Clnrksville, Memphis, Richard
City.
Texas Austin. Beaumont. Corpus Christi. Dallas,
Denlson. El Paso. Fort Worth. Galveston, Green-
ville. Houstqp, Kenedy, Marshall. Orange, San
Antonio. Sherman. Waco.
Washington Tacoma.
West Virginia Bluefield, Huntington.
Wisconsin Enu Claire.
FOUNDATION FOE THE PROMOTION OF INDUSTRIAL PEACE.
Established in 1907.
In 1906 President Theodore Roosevelt was award-
ed tde Alfred B. Nobel peace prize and at his sug-
gestion an act was passed by congress ' March 2,
1907. establishing the Foundation for the Promotion
of Industrial Peace. To this organization he turned
over the money received from the Nobel committee
to be used as the nucleus of a fund the income of
which is to be used in promoting an annual confer-
ence in Washington between representatives of
capital and of labor with a view to bringing about
a better understanding between employers and em-
ployes, thus promoting industrial peace. The chief
justice of the United States, the secretary of agri-
culture and the secretary of commerce and labor,
and their successors in office, and four persons ap-
pointed by the president of the United States to
represent capital, labor and the general public, are
the trustees. The trustees are authorized to pay
over the funds from time to time to a committee
of nine members, known as "the industrial peace
committee." whose duty It is to make arrange-
ments for the conferences.
THE SAGE
March 12, 1907, Mrs. Russell Sage of New York
announced that she had set aside the sum of $10,-
000,000 to be known as the Sage foundation and to
be devoted to the improvement of the social and
living conditions in the United States. As trustees
she appointed Robert W. DeForest, Cleveland H.
Dodge, Daniel C. Gilman, John M. Glenn. Miss
Helen Gould. Mrs. William B. Rice and Miss
Louise L. Schuyler.
Following is a part of the statement given out
FOUNDATION.
by Mrs. Snjre as to the object of the gift: "I
have set aside $10.000,000 for the endowment of
this foundation. Its object is the improvement
of social and living conditions in the United
States. The means to that end will include re-
search, publication, education, the establishment
and maintMiance of charitable and beneficial ac-
tivities, agencies and institutions and the aid of
any such activities, agencies and institutions al-
ready established,"
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Tli
DEATHS OF NOTED MEN AND WOMEN U890-1909).
Aldrich, T. B., March 19, 1907.
Alexander III., Nov. 1, 1894.
Allen, Grant, Oct. 25, 1895.
Allison, W. B., Aug. 4. 1908.
Altgeld, John !>.. March 12, 1902.
Andrassy, Count, Jan. 30, 1900.
Anthony, Susan B., March 13, 1906.
Armour, I'hilip D., Jan. 6, 1901.
Arnold, Edwin, March 25, 1904.
Astor, John Jacoh, Feb. 22, 1890.
Audi-mi, Edmond, Aug. 19, 1901.
Barnum. P. T.. April 7, 1891.
Bartholdi, F. A., Oct. 4, 1904.
Becquerel, A. H., Aug. 25, 1908.
Beit, Alfred, July 16, 1906.
Bellamy, Edward, May 22, 1898.
Belmont, August. Nov. 24, 1890.
Belmont, O. H. P., June 10, 1908.
Besant, Sir Walter, June 9, 1901.
Bismarck, Prince, July 30, 1898.
Black, William, Dec. 10, 1898.
Blackie, J. S., March 3. 1895.
Blalne, James G., Jan. 27,, 1893.
Blavatsky, Madiimo, May 9, 1891.
Blouet, Paul, May 24, 1903.
Bonheur, Rosa, May 25, 1899.
Booth, Edwin, June 7, 1893.
Brahms, Johannes. April 2, 1897.
Breton, Jules A., July 5, 1906.
Bristow. Beni. H., June 22, 1896.
Brooks, Phillips. Jan. 23. 1893.
Brough, Lionel, Nov. 8, 1909.
Buck, Dudley, Oct. 6, 1909.
Bulow, Hans von, Feb. 13, 1894.
Burdett-Coutts, Baroness, Dec.
30, 1906.
Butler. Gen. B. F.. Jan. 11, 1893.
Campbell-Bannerman, H., April
22, 1908.
Carlos I., Feb. 1, 1908.
Carnot, President, Jnne 24, 1894.
Carte, D'Oyly, April 3, W.
Casimir-Perier, March 12, 1907.
Cervera, P., April 3, 1909.
Chllds, George W., Feb. 3, 1894.
Christian IX., Jan. 29, 1906.
Cleveland, Grover. June 24, 1908.
Constant, Benjamin, May 26, 1902.
Cooke, Jay. Feb. 16. 1905.
Coppee, Francois, May 23, 1908.
Coquelin, B. C., Jan. 26, 1909.
Coquelin, E. A. H., Feb. 8, 1909.
Corbin, Austin, June 4, 1886.
Corning, Erastus, Aug. 30. 1S9C.
Crawford, F. M., April 9, 1909.
Croke, Archbishop. July 22, 1902.
Crook, George, March 19. 1890.
Cummings, Amos J., May 2, 1902.
Curie, Pierre, April 19, 1906.
Curtin, Jeremiah, Dec. 14, 1906.
Curtis, George W..' Aug. si. 1892.
Curzon, Lady, July 18, 1906.
Cuyler, T. L., Feb. 26, 1909.
Daly. Augustin, July 7, 1899.
Dana, Charles A., Oct. 17, 1897.
Davis, George R., Nov. 25, 1899.
Davis. Mrs. Jefferson, Oct. 16. 1906.
Davis. Winnie, Sept. 18, 1898.
Davitt, Michael, May 31, 1906.
De Martens, F., June 20, 1909.
Dingley, Nelson, Jan. 13, 1899.
Donnelly, Ignatius, Jan. 2. 1901.
Douglass, Frederick, Feb. 20, 1895.
Drachman, Holger, Jan. 15, 1908.
Drexel, Anthony J., June 30, 1893.
Drummond, Henry, March 11. 1897.
Du Maurier, George, Oct. 8. 1896.
Dumas, Alexandre, Nov. 27, 1S9T.
Dunbar, Paul L., Feb. 9, 1906.
Dvorak. Antonin, May 1, 1904.
Edwards, Amelia B., April 15,1892.
Eggleston, Edward, Sept. 3. 1902.
Elizabeth, Empress, Sept. 10, 1898.
Emmett, "Fritz," June 15. 1891.
English, William II., Feb. 7, 1896.
Evarts, William M., Feb. 28. 1901.
Fair, James G., Dec. 28, 1894.
Falrchlld. Lucius, May 23, 1896.
Faithfull. Emily, June 1, 1895.
Farjeon, B. L.. July 23, 1903.
Faure, Felix, Feb. 16, 1899.
Fenn, G. M., Aug. 27, 1909.
Field, Cyrus W.. July 12. 1892.
Field, Eugene, Nov. 4, 1896.
Field. Kate. May 18, 1896.
Field, Marshall, Jan. 16, 1906.
Field, Richard M., Nov. 11, 1902.
Field. Stephen J.. April 9. 1899.
FIsk, Clinton B.. July 9, 1890.
Frederick, ex-Empress, Aug. 5,
1901.
Froude, James A., Oct. 20, 1891.
Gary, Joseph E.. Oct. 31, 1906.
George. Henry. Oct. 29, 1896.
Gilder, R. W., Nov. 18, 1909.
Gilmore, Patrick S., Sept. 24, 1892.
Gladstone, Win. E., May 19. 1898.
Gladstone, Mrs. W. E., June 13,
1900.
Goode, George B., Sept. 6, 1896.
Florence. Win. J., Nov. 19. 1891.
Flower, Roswell P.. May 12. 1899.
Forbes. Archibald, March 30, 1900.
Fremont, John C., July 13, 1890.
Could, Jay, Dec. 2, 1892.
Gounod. Charles F., Oct. 18, 1893.
Gr.ay. Elislia, Jan. 21. 1901.
Gresham. Walter Q., May 28. 1895.
Grieg, Edward, Sept. 4, 1907.
Hale, Edward E., June 10, 1909.
Ilalevy, Ludovic, May 8, 1908.
Halstead, Murat, July 2, 1908.
Hamilton, Gail, Aug. 17, 1898.
Hampton, Wade, April 11. 1902.
Hanlon, Edward, Jan. 4, 1908.
Hanna, Marcus A., Feb. 15, 1904.
Harper, William R.. Jan. 10. 1906.
Harriman, E. H., Sept. 9, 1909.
Harris, Joel Chandler. July 3, 1908.
Harris, William T., Nov. 5, 1909.
Harrison, Bonj.. March 13. 1901.
Harrison. Carter. Sr., Oct. 28. 1893.
Hatch, Rufus, Feb. 23, 1893.
Hay, John, July 1. 1905.
Hayes, Rutherford B., Jan. 17.
1893.
Hearn, Lafcadio, Sept. 26, 1904.
Heilprin, Angelo, July 17, 1907.
Henderson, David B., Feb. 2S,
1906.
Herne, James A.. June 2, 1901.
Hewitt, Abram S.. Jan. 18. 1903.
Hilkoff, M., March 21, 1909.
Hitchcock, E, A., April 9, 1909.
Hitt. Robert R., Sept. 20, 1906.
Hoar, George F., Sept. 30, 1904.
Hoe. Robert, Sept. 22, 1909.
Hobart, Garret A., Nov. 21, 1899.
Holman, W. S.. April 22, 1897.
Holmes, Mary Jane, Oct. 6, 1907.
Holmes. Oliver W.. Oct. 7. 1894.
Howard, O. O., Oct. 26, 1909.
Humbert. King, July 29, 1900.
Huntington, C. P., Aug. 14, 1900.
Huxley, Thomas H., June 29, 1894.
Ibsen. Henrik, May 23, 1906.
Ignatieff, N. P., July 4, 1908.
Ingalls, John J., Aug. 16, 1900.
Ingersoll. Robert G.,July 21,1899.
Irving, Henry, Oct. 13, 1905.
Ito, Prince, Oct. 26, 1909.
Jefferson. Joseph, April 23. 1905.
Jewett, Sarah O., June 24, 1909.
Joachim, Joseph, Aug. 15, 1907.
Jokai, Mauru's, May 5, 1904.
Johnson, Eastman, April 5, 1906.
Johnson, J. A., Sept 21, 1909.
Joubert, Gen., March 27, 1900.
Judd, Orange, Dec. 27, 1892.
Judge, Wm. Q.. March 22. 1896.
Kelvin, Lord, Dec. 17, 1907.
Kjelland. Alexander, April 6, 1906.
Kossuth. Louis. March 20. 1894.
Kruger, Paul. July 14, 1904.
Kwang-Hsu, Nov. 14, 1908.
Langley, Samuel P., Feb. 27, 1906.
Larcom, Lucy, April 17, 1893.
Lawton, H. W., Dec. 19, 1899.
Leo XIII., July 20, 1903.
Leopold II., Dec. 17, 1909.
Li Hung Chang, Nov. 7. 1901.
Logan, Olive, April 23, 1909.
Lombroso, C., Oct. 19, 1909.
Lorimer, George C., Sept. 8, 1904.
Lossing, Benson J., June 3, 1891.
Lowell, James R.. Aug. 12, 1891.
Lucca, Pauline, Feb. 28, 1908.
Manning, Cardinal, Jan. 14, 1892.
Mansfield, Richard, Aug. 30, 1907.
Maratzek, Max. May 14, 1897.
Marryat, Florence, Oct. 27, 1899.
Marsh, O. C., March 18. 1899
Mathews, William Feb. 15, 1909.
Maupassant, De, July 6. 1893.
Medill, Joseph. March 16, 1899.
Meissonier, Jnn. 31, 1891.
Mendes, Catulle, Feb. 8, 1909.
Menzel, Adolf, Feb. 9, 1905.
Meredith, George, May 18, 1909.
Michel, Louise, Jan. 9, 1905.
Millais, Sir John. Aug. 13. 1896.
Mills, L. L., Jan. 18, 1909.
Modjeska, Helena, April 8, 1909.
Moody, Dwight L., Dec. 22, 1899.
Morrison, W. R., Sept. 29, 1909.
Most, Johann, March 17, 1906.
Moulton, Louise C., Aug. 10, 1908.
McArthur, John; Mav 15. 1906.
McOlure, A. K., June 6, 1909.
McCosh. James, Nov. 16, 1894.
McKinley. William, Sept. 14, 1901.
McVicker, Jas. H.. March 7, 1895.
Newcomb, Simon, July 11, 1909.
Nye, Edgar W., Feb. 21, 1896.
Ochiltree, Thos., Nov. 26, 1902.
Oliphant, Mrs. M., June 25, 1897.
O'Reilly, John Boyle, Aug. 11.
1890.
Oscar H., Dec. 8, 1907,
"Ouida" (Louise de la Ramee),
Jan. 24. 1908.
Palma, Tomas E., Nov. 4, 1908.
Palmer-, John M., Sept. 25. 1900.
Palmer, Potter, May 4, 1902.
Parker, Joseph, Nov. 28, 1902.
Parkman, Francis, Nov. 8. 1893.
Pastor, "Tony," Aug. 26, 1908.
Pierrepout, Edwards, March 6.
1892.
Pingree, Hazen S., June 18, 1901.
Play fair, Lyon, May 29, 1898.
Poole, William F., March 1. 1894.
Porter, Noah, March 4, 1892.
Potter, Henry C., July 21, 1908.
Pullman. George M., Oct. 19, 1S97.
Randall, Samuel J., April 13, 1898.
Reclus, Elisee, July 4, 1905.
Reed, Thomas B., Dec. 7, 1902.
Remenyi, Edouard. May 15, 1898.
Remington, F., Dec. 26, 1909.
Renan, Joseph Ernst. Oct. 2, 1892.
Rhodes-, Cecil, March 26, 1902.
Ridpath. John C.. July 31, 1900.
Ristori. Adelaide, Oct. 9, 1906.
Robson, Stuart, April 29, 1903.
Rogers, H. H., May 19, 1909.
Rojestveusky, S., Jan. 14, 1909.
Root, George F., Aug. 6, 1895.
Rosewater, Edward, Aug. 21, 1906.
Rubinstein, Anton G., Nov. 20,
1894.
Ruskin, John, Jan. 20. 1900.
Russell. Sir Chas.. Aug. 10, 1900.
Russell, Wm. H., Feb. 10, 1907.
St. Gaudens, Augustus, Aug. 3,
1907.
Sagasta, Praxedes M., Jan. 5, 1903.
Sage, Russell. July 22, 1906.
Salisbury, Lord. Aug. 22, 1903.
Salvini. Alexandre. Dec. 14, 1896.
Sampson, Wm. T., May 6. 1902.
Sankey, Ira D., Aug. 13, 1908.
Sarasate, Pablo de, Sept. 20, 1908.
Sardou, Victorien. Nov. 8, 190S.
74
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Schlietnann. H., Dec. 25, 1890.
Schurz, Carl, May 14, 1906.
Seidl. Anton, March 29, 1898.
Sherman, John, Oct. 22, 1900.
Sherman, Gen. W. T.. Feb. 14,
1891.
Sigel. Franz, Aug. 21, 1902.
Smiles, Samuel, April 16, 1904.
Smyth, J. M., Nov. 4, 1909.
Spencer. Herbert, Dec. 8, 1903.
Sprague O. S. A., Feb. 20, 1909.
Spreckels, Claus, Dec. 26, 1908.
Stanford, Lelan(j, June 20, 1893.
Stanley, Henry M., May 10, 1904.
Stanton, Elizabeth C., Oct. 26,
1902.
Stedman, Edmund C., Jan. 18, 1908.
Stockton, Frank It., April 20, 1902.
Strakosch, Max, March 17, 1892.
Strauss, Johann, May 3, 1899.
Sullivan, Sir Arthur, Nov. 22, 1900.
Suppc, Franz von, June 21, 1895.
Sutro, Adolph, Aug. 8, 1898.
Swinburne, A. C., April 10, 1909.
Swing, David, Oct. 3, 1894.
Taine, Hippolyte A., March 5,
1893.
Talmage, T. DeWitt, April 12. 1902.
Tennyson, Alfred, Oct. 6, 1892.
Terry, A. H., Dec. 16, 1890.
Thaxter, Celia L., Aug. 27, 1894.
Thurman, Allen G., Dec. 12. 1895.
Tilton, Theodore, May 25, 1907.
Tisza, Koloman de. March 23, 1902.
Tourgee, Albion: May 21. 1905.
Tscliaikowsky, Nov. 5. 1893.
Tsu-Hsi. Nov. 15, 1908.
Tuley, Murray F.. Dec. 25, 1905.
Tyndall. John. Dec. 4, r 1893.
Vanderbllt, Cornelius, Sept. 12,
1899.
Verdi, Giuseppe, Jan. 27, 1901.
Verne, Jules, March 24, 1905.
Victoria. Queen. Jan. 22. 1901.
Vilas, William F., Aug. 27, 1908.
Villard. Henry, Oct. 12, 1900.
Virchow, Rudolph, Sept. 5, 1902.
Voorhees, D. W., April 10, 1897.
Waite. C. B., March 25, 1909.
Wheeler, Joseph, Jan. 25, 1906.
Whitney, Wm. C., Feb. 2, 1904.
Whittler, John G., Sept. 7, 1892.
Wilde, Oscar, Nov. 30, 1900.
Wilhelmj, August, Jan. 23, 1908.
Willard. Frances E.. Feb. 17, 1898.
Wilson, Augusta E., Aug. 9, 1909.
Windom, William. Jan. 29, 189).
Wright, Carroll D., Feb. 20, 1909.
Yates, Edmund H., May 20. 1894.
Yerkes. Charles T.. Dec. 29. 1900.
Zola, Emile. Sept. 29. 1902.
THE GENERAL EDUCATION BOARD.
Organized Feb. 27, 1902.
Chairman Frederick T. Gates.
Treasurer George Foster Peabody.
Secretary Wallace Buttrick.
Other members Robert C. Ogden, Walter H.
Page, J. D. Rockefeller, Jr., Albert Shaw, Starr
J. Murphy, Hugh H. Hanna, E. Benjamin Andrews,
Edwin A. Alderman, Hollis B. Frissell, Harry
Pratt Judson, Charles W. Eliot, Andrew Carnegie.
Offices 2 Rector street. New York city.
The general education board was Informally or-
ganized Feb. 27, 1902, at the suggestion of John
D. Rockefeller's committee on benevolence and was
given a charter by congress and formally organized
In January, 1903. The plan was designed and
adapted to assist Mr. Rockefeller in distributing
his gifts to education and to afford a medium
through which other men of means might contrib-
ute to the same end. The board, a few days after
its Initial meeting, received from Mr. Rockefeller
the sum of $1.000.000, the use of which was to be
confined to the study and promotion of education
In the southern states. An office was opened in
New York city April 1, 1902, and work was begun.
The board in co-operatlou with the department of
agriculture took steps to educate the farmers of
the south In scientific farming and up to the sum-
mer of 1908 had established about 15,000 demonstra-
tion farms under the supervision of eighty-nine
agents In Alabama. Mississippi, Georgia, South
Carolina. North Carolina, Virginia and Florida.
The board also. In co-oneration with the state uni-
versities of Virginia. North and South Carolina,
Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee and Florida and the
department of education In Louisiana has estab-
lished more than 500 high schools. About $700.000
of the original sum given by Mr. Rockefeller has
been expended In this way, about half being for
.schools for colored people.
June 30, 1905. the board was notified that Mr.
Rockefeller would donate $10,000.000, the principal
of which was to be held in perpetuity as a founda-
tion for education, the income to be used for the
benefit of institutions of learning in such manner
as might be deemed best adapted to promote a
comprehensive system of higher education in the
United States. This sum was paid in cash Oct.
1, 1905. and the board in accepting It designated
it as "The John D. Rockefeller Foundation for
Higher Education." After due consideration the
board adopted the following principles as defining
its general policy: "To co-operate sympathetically
and helpfully, with the religions denominations ; to
choose the centers of wealth and population as the
permanent pivots of an educational system ; to
mass its funds on endowments, securing in this
work the largest possible local co-operation."
Feb. 7, 1907, the following letter was received
from John D. Rockefeller, Jr. :
"Gentlemen: My father authorizes me to say
that on or before April 1, 1907, he will give to the
general education board Income-bearing securities,
the present market value of which is about $32,-
000.000, one-third to be added to the permanent en-
dowment of the board ; two-thirds to be applied to
such specific objects within the corporate purposes
of the board as either he or I may from time to time
direct, any remainder not so designated at the
death of the survivor to be added also to the per-
manent endowment of the board."
July 7, 1909, Mr. Rockefeller, through his son,
John D. Rockefeller, Jr., notified the board that
he had decided to give $10,000,000 additional to
the permanent fund, the income to be devoted to
present needs of great importance. The board was
also authorized to distribute the principal of the
fund, and all other endowment funds hitherto con-
tributed by Mr. Rockefeller, whenever In the dis-
cretion of the members or their successors it
should be deemed advisable to do so.
In the northern states the board devotes Itself
exclusively to the promotion of higher education,
having always in view the desirability of aiding
such institutions as, taken together, will constitute
an adequate system of higher education for each
of the several states, thus seeking to correct and
prevent duplication and waste and securing the
highest efficiency. In the southern states its work
for the colleges Is similar to that in the north, but
in addition it seeks to promote public high schools,
to promote elementary education by increasing the
productive efficiency of rural life and to aid in de-
veloping schools for the training of leaders among
the colored people.
NINTH ZIONIST CONGRESS.
The ninth Zionist congress was hold In Hamburg,
Germany, Dec. 26-31, 1909, with 350 delegates
from all parts of the world in attendance. It was
decided by resolution to gradually transfer all
Zionist capital to Palestine, and to make Palestine
the only center for its financial and industrial
operations. It was announced by Dr. Max Nordau
that the executive committee adhered to the orig-
inal or Basle plan, making the return of the Jew-
ish people to the holy land conditional upon the
consent of the Turkish government that they be
allowed to form n nationality within the Ottoman
empire like the other nationalities there and to be
rocognized as such. The recent changes in Turkey,
it was assorted, had not made it necessary to
alter the terms of the old programme "a publicly
recognized, legally assured home for the Jewish
people in Palestine." Encouraging reports were
received as to the progress of Jerusalem school
for trades arid art, established some years azo.
and as to the prospects of the proposed technical
institute at Haifa and the laboratory for scien-
tific agricultural research at Zikhron Jacob, Pales-
tine.
Of the previous Zionist congresses six were held
in Bn?le, Switzerland, one in London, England,
and one in The Hague, Holland.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
75
THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S RETURN FROM AFRICA.
Theodore Roosevelt, former president of the
United States, terminated his hunting trip in the
wilder part of Africa when he arrived at Khar-
tum March 14, 1910. He and his son Hermit were
extremely successful in getting specimens of gamo
for the Smithsonian and other institutions, and
among the animals secured were some that wer>?
rew to science or very rare. Following is a list of
the larger game killed by Mr. Roosevelt:
Lions 7
Rhinoceroses 16
Giraffes 7
Wildebeests 8
Thompson's gazelle 1
Hippopotami 6
Python 1
Ostrich U
Leopards 2
Hartebeest 1
Bohor 1
Impalla 1
Waterbuck
Buffaloes 7
Elands 3
Topi 4
Elephants 9
Zebra
Oryx
Bushbuck
Oribl
Kob ,
Sables . . .
Sitatunga
Bongos 2
Animals killed by Kcrmit Roosevelt:
Buffaloes 3
Monkeys 2
Topi 3
Rhinoceroses 3
Elephants 2
Lions 10
Cheetah 7
Giraffes 2
Wildebeest 1
Leopard 1
Hippopotami 3
The Roosevelt party arrived at Gondokoro, Sudan,
on the upper Nile, Feb. 17, and after a hunting
expedition in the neighborhood, departed on the
government steamer Dal for Khartum, which city
was reached March 14. Here the former president
and his son were met by Mrs. Roosevelt and Miss
Ethel Roosevelt and were welcomed by the Sudan
government officials. After a brief stay the party
proceeded by steamer and train down the valley
of the Nile, stopping at various points along the
route to visit ancient temples and monuments,
and arrived at Cairo March 24. Great crowds had
assembled near the railroad station and in the
streets through which Mr. Roosevelt was conduct-
ed, and he was made the subject of one of the
greatest popular demonstrations ever witnessed in
the Egyptian capital. Upon the invitation of tho
University of Cairo he made an address to the
students there MarclL28, and in the course of his
remarks denounced the assassination Feb. 20 of
Butro.- Pasha, prime minister of Egypt, by a na-
tionalist party fanatic named Wardant. This
aroused the nationalists to a frenzy and caused a
demonstration against Mr. Roosevelt in front of
the hotel in which he was stopping. The speech
also created a stir in Great Britain, where opinion
as to its Judiciousness was divided.
ARRIVAL IN EUROPE.
Mr. Roosevelt sailed from Alexandria, Egypt,
March ?0, for Naples, Italy, where he arrived Sat-
urday morning, April 2. The following day he
went to Rome, where it was announced that ar-
rangements for an audience with the pope had fallen
through because Mr. Roosevelt did not desire to
comply with conditions limiting his freedom of
conduct. Monday, April 4, the former president
was cordially received by King Victor Emmanuel
in the Quirinal.
After spending some time at Porto Maurizio with
relatives, Mr. Roosevelt and family proceeded to
Venice, where he met the duke of the Abruzzl
and many others. Then he went on to Vienna, where
he was received with royal honors by Emperor
Francis Joseph. The latter gave a dinner, April
16, at the Schoenbrunn palace in Mr. Roosevelt's
honor, at which many members of the cabinet
and court officials were present. April 18 and 19
Mr. Roosevelt spent at Budapest, Hungary, where
he was the guest of Count Apponyi and others.
His welcome here was as hearty as he experienced
on his whole trip, the Magyars doing all in their
power to honor and please him.
On the morning of April 21 Mr. Roosevelt
reached Paris and was heartily received by Presi-
dent Fallieres. the press and the people. The
event of his s-tay in the French metropolis was his>
lecture at the Sorbonne on the subject, "The
Duties of Citizenship." It was delivered before
the French Academy April 23. in the presence of
3,000 auditors. On Monday, the 25th, he was re-
ceived by the municipality of Paris, and the fol-
lowing two days were spent by him in sightseeing
and in attending a military review and an avia-
tion meet. Thursday, April 28, he reached Brus-
sels, Belgium, where he dined at the palace with
King Albert and attended a reception by the
burgomaster.
IN SCANDINAVIA.
From Belgium Mr. Roosevelt and his party went
to Holland, visiting Amsterdam, The Hague and
Haarlem. Queen \N ilhelmina and the prince con-
sort, as well as ;!! the people of the Netherlands,
showed the former president, wh'> is partly of
Dutch descent, every honor in their power. Con-
tinuing his journey, Mr. Roosevelt arrived in
Copenhagen, Denmark, May 2, and was cordially
greeted by Crown Prince Christian in the absence
of King Huakon. After receiving many courtesies,
official and private, and a visit to Elslnore, he
proceeded to Christiania, Norway, arriving there
May 4. King Haakon and Queen Maud gave him
an esptcially warm welcome, as did the Norwegian
people generally, though they were in mourning for
the recent death of Bjornstjerne Bjornson. Thurs-
day, May 5, he delivered his Nobel peace prize
lecture on "International Peace" before an audi-
ence of 1,800 persons, including the king and
queen. In the state theater. The following day
the University of Norway bestowed upon him the
honorary degree of doctor of philosophy. In spite
of the death of King Edward in London on the
night of May 8, Mr. Roosevelt received a popular
welcome in Stockholm, where he arrived on the
morning of the 7th. Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf
did the royal honors in the absence of the king,
who was in Franco.
IN GERMANY AND ENGLAND.
Great preparations had been made by Emperor
William to welcome and entertain Mr. Roosevelt
in Berlin, where the former president arrived on
the morning of May 10, but the plans had to be
modified on account of the death of the kaiser's
uncle, King Edward. However, much of the pro-
gramme was carried through, the main features
being a sham battle at Doberitz and a lecture by
the visitor at the University of Berlin, which con-
ferred upon him the honorary degree of doctor of
philosophy. The emperor showed Mr. Roosevelt
many and unusaal courtesies, accompanying him
personally at the maneuvers, attending his lecture
on "The World Movement" and honoring him in
other ways.
Before leaving Berlin, May 15, Mr. Roosevelt was
appointed a special envoy of the United States to
attend the funeral of King Edward. On his arrival
in London, May 16, he was cordially but, of
course, very quietly received. He was the subject
of much private hospitality and was received by
King George V. and by Alexandra, the queen
mother. He attended the funeral of Edward VII.
May 20, and passed the time quietly until May 31,
when he was presented with the freedom of the
city of London at the Guildhall. On this occasion
he made a speech with reference to the British
policy in Egypt, which caused much comment by
its frankness. He intimated that, while Grent
Britain had given Egypt the best government the
country had had in 2.000 years, it had erred in
Ihe direction of timidity and sentimentality.
June 7 Mr. Roosevelt delivered the Romanes lec-
ture at Oxford university, taking as his subject
"Biological Analogies in History." The degree of
doctor of civil law was conferred upon him by
the university.
RETURN HOME.
June 10 Mr. Roosevelt and family-sailed for home
on the Kaiserin Auguste Victoria, and arrived in
New York Saturday morning. June 18. The wel-
come given the former president here by hundreds
of thousands of his fellow citizens has never been
surpassed in the history of the country. The
features were a naval parade in the harbor, an
official welcome by Mayor William J. Gaynor of
New York at the Battery and a ride through the
center of the city, with members of the old rough
riders' regiment as escort. At the conclusion of
76
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
the welcoming ceremonies Mr. Roosevelt and his
family proceeded to their home in Oyster Bay, L. I.
CHRONOLOGY OF TRIP.
1909.
March 23 Sails from New York.
April 5 Arrives at Naples, Italy.
April 6 Visits ruins or Messina with King Vic-
tor Kmmannel.
April 21 Arrives at Mombasa, Africa.
April 23, 1909, to March 14, 1910 Hunts in British
and German East Africa.
1910.
Fob. 17 Arrives at Gondokoro, on the Nile.
March 14 Arrives at Khartum and meets family.
March 24 Reaches Cairo, Egypt,
March 28 Makes speech at University of Cairo
on Egyptian question.
March 30 Sails fiom Alexandria, Egypt.
April 2 Arrives at Naples, Italy.
April 3 Arrives in Rome.
April 4--Is received by King Victor Emmanuel.
April 7 At Spezia, Italy.
April 11-13 At Porto Maurizlo, Itfcly.
April 14 In Venice, Italy.
April 15-17 In Vienna, Austria; calls on Emperor
Francis Joseph.
April 18-19 In Budapest, Hungary; guest of
Count Apponyi and others.
April 21 Arrives in Paris, France: dines with
President Fallieres; visits tomb of Napoleon.
April 23 Lectures at Sorbonne on "The Duties
of Citizenship."
April 25 Is received by the municipality of
Paris.
April 28 Reaches Brussels, Belgium; dines with
King Albert.
April 29-May 1 In Holland; guest of Queen Wil-
helmina.
May 2 In Copenhagen, Denmark; guest of Crown
Prince Christian.
May 4 Arrives in Christiania, Norway; welcomed
by King Haakon and Queen Maud.
May 5 Delivers Nobel prize lecture in state
theater Christiania, on the subject, "International
Peace.
May 7-8 In Stockholm, Sweden; welcomed by
Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf.
May 10-15 In Germany; guest of Emperor Wil-
liam at Potsdam and at Doberitz, where sham bat-
tle is fought; delivers lecture at the University of
Berlin (May 12) on "The World Movement."
May 16 Arrives in London; reception quiet on
account of death of King Edward.
May 20 Attends King Edward's funeral as rep-
resentative of the United States.
May 26 Receives degree of LL. D. from Cam-
bridge university.
May 31 Makes speech in Guildhall, London,
criticising English policy in Egypt.
Jnne 7 Delivers Romanes lecture at Oxford
university; subject, "Biological Analogies in His-
tory."
June 10 Sails for America.
June 18 Welcomed in New York; goes to home
at Oyster Bay, L. I.
LEADING ART GALLERIES OF THE 'WORLD.
The following list Includes only the principal collections of paintings and sculptures readily ac-
cessible to the public in Europe and America.
EUROPE.
ATJSTKA-HUNGABY.
Academy of Art, Vienna.
Albertina, Vienna.
Imperial art gallery, Vienna.
Liechtenstein gallery, Vienna.
National gallery, Budapest.
BELGIUM.
Museum, Antwerp.
Palace of Fine Arts, Brussels.
Mcsee Wiertz, Brussels.
DENMARK.
Thorvaldsen museum, Copenha-
gen.
Ny-Carlsberg G-lyptothek, Copen-
hagen.
National art gallery.Copenhagen.
FBANCX.
Louvre,* Paris.
Luxembourg Paris.
Museum, Versailles.
GERMANY.
National gallery, Berlin.
Old and New museums, Berlin.
Pergamon museum, Berlin.
Emperor Frederick museum, Ber-
lin.
Dresden gallery.* Dresden.
Old and New Pinakothok,* Mu-
nich.
Glyptothek, Munich.
HOLLAND.
Ryk's museum, Amsterdam.
Fodor museum. Amsterdam.
Six Collection, Amsterdam.
Townhall, Haarlem.
Lakenbal, Leyden.
Boymans museum, Rotterdam.
Mauritshuis, Tiie Hague.
ITALY.
Vatican,* Rome.
Uffizi gallery.* Florence.
Pit! gallery.* Florence.
Brera gallery, Milan.
Poldi museum, Milan.
National museum. Naples.
Academy of Fine Arts, Venice.
NORWAY.
National gallery', Christiania.
KUS3IA.
Hermitage, St. Petersburg.
SPAIN.
Museo del Prado,* Madrid.
Museo Provincial, Seville.
SWEDEN.
National gallery, Stockholm.
UNITED KINGDOM.
British museum, Loiidon.
National gallery,* London.
Dore gallery, London.
Walker art gallery. Liverpool.
Art galleries, Glasgow.
AMERICA.
CANADA.
Fraser institnte, Montreal.
The Basilica, Quebec.
MEXICO.
National museum, City of Mex-
ico.
UNITED STATES.
Chicago, 111.
iciunati, O.
cester, Mass.
jPittsburg. Pa.
Ty, Washing-
, Milwaukee,
Ion, public lib
New York, N. T.
Metropolitan Museum of Art,*
New York, N. Y.
Museum of Art, Toledo, O.
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,
Mass.
Museum of Fine Arts, St. Louis,
Mo.
New York Historical society,
New York. N. Y.
P< nnsylvania Academy of Fine
Arts. Philadelphia, Pa.
Of first rank.
DEATH OF FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE.
Florence Nightingale, widely known for her
work as a nurse in the Crimean war, died in Lon-
don, England. Aug. 14, 1910. She was named aftor
the city of Florence, Italy, where she was born
May 12, 1820. Her father, a wealthy Englishman,
gave her a classical education, and following a
natural inclination she made a study of nnnrttag
In England and Germany. She proceeded to the
Crimea in 1854 end worked so energetically in
nursing and caring for the wounded and sick
British soldiers that her health was broken a*id
she became an invalid for the rest of her life.
Subsequently a testimonial offering In the shape
of $250.000 was given her, and she used the money
in establishing the Nightingale honr? for the train-
ing of nurses. In 1908 the freedom of tffe city of
Loud in was conferred upon her.
UNITED STATES ARSENALS.
The largest of the United States arsenals are
located at Rock Island, 111., and Springfield. Mass.
Others are at Pittsburg, Pa.: Augusta, Ga.;
Benicia. Cal.; Columbia. Tenn.; Fort Monroe. Va.;
Philadelphia. Pa.; Indianapolis, Ind.; Governor's
Island, N. Y. ; Jefferson barracks. Mo. ; Sandy
Hook, N. J.; San Antonio. Tex.; Dover, N. J. ;
Watert&wn, Mass.. and Watervliet. N. Y. Some of
the above are merely powder depots, the principal
manufacturing plants being at Rock Island. Spring-
field and Watervliet. The navy yards are also
arsenals.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
77
WHAT TRAVELERS MAY TAKE TO AMERICA.
[Treasury department's "Notice to Passengers," Feb. 4, 1910.]
Paragraph 709, appearing Jn the free list of the
present tariff act. governing passengers' baggage,
Is as follows:
"Wearing upparel, articles of personal adornment,
toilet articles and similar personal effects of per-
sons arriving in the United States; but this ex-
emption shall only Include such articles as ac-
tually accompany and are in the use of, and as
are necessary and appropriate for the wear and
use of such persons, for the immediate purposes of
the journey and piesent comfort and convenience,
and shall not be held to apply to merchandise or
articles intended for other persons or for sale;
provided, that in case of residents of the United
States, returning from abroad, all wearing ap-
parel and other personal effects taken by them out
of the United States to foreign countries shall be
adio.itted free of duty, without regard to their
value, upon their identity beins established, under
appropriate rules and regulations to be prescribed
by ihe secretary of the treasury, but no more
than $100 in value of articles purchased abroad
by such residents of the United States shall be
admitted free* of duty upon their return."
Foreigners are entitled to bring in free of duty
sucn articles as are in the nature of wearing ap-
parel, articles of personal adornment, toilet arti-
cles and similar personal effects accompanying the
passenger and necessary and appropriate for his
or her wear and use for the purposes of the jour-
ney and present comfort and convenience, and are
not intended for other persons nor for sale, with-
out regard to the $100 limitation.
Citizens of the United States may have this
privilege provided it is shown to the collector's
representative on the pier, subject to the collec-
tor's approval, that they are bona-fide residents of
a foreign country.
BAGGAGE DECLARATION.
Passengers should observe that on the sheet
there are two forms of declaration: the one print-
ed in black is for returning residents of the
United States; the one in red, for all persons
other than residents of the United States.
The senior member of a family, if a passenger.
for the entire family.
" ould state the fact in
?s In order that an ex-
heir baggage may be
may make decla
Ladies trav< "
their declara
peditious
made.
The exact nuii^l .^Bces of baggage, includ-
ing all trunks, ^H IKxes, packages and hand
of all descfl)Braccompanying the passen-
must be statecr in the declaration,
'he forms above mentioned will be distributed
to passengers during the early part of the voyage
by an officer of the ship. When a passenger has
prepared and signed the declaration he must de-
tach and retain the coupon at the bottom of the
form and return the form to the officer of the
ship designated to receive the same. Declarations
spoiled in the preparation must not be destroyed,
but turned over to the purser, who will furnish a
new blank to the passenger.
After all the baggage and effects of the passen-
ger are landed upon the pier the coupon which
has been retained by the passenger must be pre-
sented at the inspector's desk, whereupon an in-
spector will be detailed to examine the baggage.
pier their signatures to their declarations.
Passengers who for any reason desire the ex-
amination of their baggage postponed may have
all or any part thereof sent to the appraisers'
store by making a request therefor to the officer
taking their declaration.
RESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Residents of the United States must declare all
wearing apparel, jewelry and other articles,
whether used or unused, on their persons, in their
clothing or in their baggage, which have been ob-
tained abroad by purchase or otherwise, with the
foreign cost or- value of the same. They shall
state, as well, all wearing apparel, jewelry or
other articles taken out of the United States
which have been remodeled or Improved while
abroad so as to increase their value, the said
statement to include the cost of such improvement.
By stating the value of all declared articles In
United States money, and packing the same so as
to be easily produced for examination (and in one
trunk if practicable), passengers will expedite the
appraisement and passing of the same ui>on the
pier. Whenever practicable, passengers should pre-
sent the original receipted bills for foreign pur-
chases.
Residents of the United States are allowed $100
worth of articles in the nature of personal ef-
fects at their present foreign value, free of duty,
provided they are not intended for other persons
or for sale or to be used in business and are prop-
erly declared.
Use does not exempt from duty wearing apparel
or other articles obtained abroad, but such arti-
cles will be appraised at their present value.
Residents or the United States may also bring
with them free of duty all wearing apparel and
other personal effects taken by them out of the
United States which ha^e not been remodeled or
improved abroad so as to increase their value.
Residents of the United States must not deduct
the $100 exemption from the value of other arti-
cles obtained abroad by purchase or their wearing
apparel or otherwise. Such deduction will be made
by customs officers on the pier.
OTHER GOODS.
^Household effects of persons or families from
foreign countries will be admitted free of duty If
actually used abroad by them not less than one
year and not intended for any other person nor
for sale. Such effects should be declared whether
the passenger be a foreigner or resident of the
United States.
Articles intended for other persons, for use In
business, theatrical apparel, properties and scen-
eries must .(Iso be declared by passengers, wheth-
er foreigners or residents.
CIGARS AND CIGARETTES.
All cigars and cigarettes must be declared, and
are not included within the $100 exemption. Each
passenger over 18 years of age is entitled J.o
bring in free of duty and internal-revenue tjix
either fifty cigars or 300 cigarettes for his or her
bona-flde individual personal consumption.
Passengers dissatisfied with values placed upon
dutiable articles by the customs officers on the
piers may demand a re-examination, but applica-
tion therefor should be immediately made to the
officers there in charge. If, for any reason, this
course Is impracticable, the packages containing
the articles should be left in customs custody and
application for reappraisement made to the collec-
tor of customs, in writing, within two days after
the original appraisement. No request for reap-
praisement can be entertained after the articles
have been removed from customs custody.
Government officers are forbidden by Inw to ac-
cept anything but currency in payment of duties,
but, If requested, will retain baggage on the piers
for twenty-four hours to enable the owner to se-
cure the currency.
Passengers are advised that to offer or give gra-
tuities or bribes to customs officers is a violation
of law, and customs officers who accept gratuities
or bribes will be dismissed from the service, and
all parties guilty of such offense are liable to crim-
inal prosecution.
Any discourtesy or incivility on the part of cus-
toms officers should be reported to the collector
at the custom house, to the deputy collector or
the deputy surveyor at the pier or to the secre-
tary or the treasury.
BAGGAGE IN BOND.
Upon application to the customs officer In charge
on the pier, baggage intended for delivery at
ports in the Unittvl States other than the ix>rt of
arrival or in transit through the United States TO
a foreign country may be forwarded thereto with
out the assessment of duty at the arrival, by the
various railroads and express companies, whose
representatives will be found on the pier. Passen-
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
gers desiring to have their baggage forwarded In
bond should indicate such intention before the ex-
amination of their baggage and state the value
thereof in their declarations.
SEALSKIN GARMENTS.
An act of congress expressly forbids the Impor-
tation of garments made In whole or in part of
the skins of seals taken in the north Pacific ocean,
and unless the owner Is able to establish by com-
petent evidence that the garments are not prohib-
ited they cannot be admitted.
Articles obtained abroad and not declared are
subject to seizure, and the passenger Is liable to
criminal prosecution.
IMMIGRATION LAW OF THE TOTTED STATES.
The immigration law provides for a poll tax
of $4 for every alien entering the United States.
This tax Is not levied upon aliens who shall enter
the United States after an uninterrupted resi-
dence of at least one year, immediately preceding
such entrance, in Canada, Newfoundland, Cuba
or Mexico, nor upon aliens In transit through the
United States, nor upon aliens arriving in Guam,
Porto Rico or Hawaii.
Whenever the president shall be satisfied that
passports issued by any foreign government to
Its citizens to go to any country other than the
United States or to any insular possession of the
United States, or to the, canal zone, are being
used for the purpose of enabling the holders to
come to the continental territory of the United
States to the detriment of labor conditions there-
in, the president may refuse to permit such citi-
zens of the country Issuing such passports to en-
ter the continental territors- of the United Stated
from such other country or from such insular pos-
sessions or from the canal zone.
The following classes are excluded from admis-
sion into the United States: All idiots, imbe-
ciles, feeble-minded persons, epileptics, insane
persons and persons who have been Insane within
five years: persons who have had two or more at-
tacks of insanity at any time previously; paupers;
persbns likely to become a public charge; profes-
sional beggars: persons afflicted with tuberculosis
or with a loathsome or dangerous contagious dis-
ease: persons who have committed a felony or
other crime involving moral turpitude; polyga-
mists or persons who believe in the practice of
polygamy: anarchists or persons who believe In
or advocate the overthrow by force or violence of
the government of the United States, or of all
governments, or of aH forms of law, or the assas-
sination of public officials; prostitutes, or women
and eirls coming into the United States for any
Immoral purpose: contract laborers who have been
Induced to migrate to this country by offers of
employment or in consequence of agreements of
any kind, verbal or written, express or implied,
to perform labor In this country of any kind,
skilled or unskilled: any person whose ticket or
passage is paid for with the money of another,
or who is assisted by others to come, unless It
is satisfactorily shown that such -person does not
belong to one of the foregoing excluded classes
and that said ticket or passage was not paid for
by any corporation, society, municipality or for-
eign government, directly or Indirectly: all chil-
dren under 16 years of age unaccompanied by one
or both of their parents, at the discretion of the
secretary of commerce and labor. Nothing in the
act shall exclude, if otherwise admissible, persona
convicted of an offense purely political, not in-
volving moral turpitude. Skilled labor may be
imported if labor of like kind unemployed cannot
be found in this country. The provisions of the
law applicable to contract labor shall not be held
to exclude professional actors, artists, lecturers,
singers, clergymen, professors for colleges or sem-
inaries, persons belonging to any recognized
learned profession or persons employed strictly as
personal or domestic servants.
It is unlawful to assist or encourage the Im-
portation or migration of any alien by promise
of employment through advertisements printed in
any foreign country. This, however, does not ap-
ply to states or territories advertising the In-
ducements they offer to immigration thereto.
All aliens brought to this country in violation
of law shall be immediately sent back by the
owners of the vessels bringing them. Any alien
entering the United States in violation of law
and such as become public charges from causes
existing prior to their landing shall be deported
at any time within three years after their arrival.
No person who disbelieves In or who is opposed
to all organized government, or who is a member
of or affiliated with any organization entertaining
and teaching such belief in ^r opposition to all
organized government, or who advocates or teaches
the duty, necessity or propriety of the unlawful
assaulting or killing of-, anr officer or officers,
either of specific individuals or of officers gener-
ally, of the government of fbe United States, or
of any other organized government, because of
his or their official character, shall be permitted
to enter the United States.
Senator William P. Dilllngham of Vermont,
chairman; Senators Henry Cabot Lodge of Mas-
sachusetts and Le Roy Percy of Mississippi; Rep-
resentatives B. F. Howell of New Jersey, William
S. Bennett of New York and John L. Burnett of
NATIONAL IMMIGRATION COMMISSION.
Office In senate annex, Washington, D. C.
Alabama; Jeremiah W. Jenks. Charles P. Neill,
commissioner of labor, and William R. Wheeler,
San Francisco. Cal.
Secretaries Morton E. Crane. W. W. Husband
and C. S. Atkinson, Washington, D. C.
DEATH OF CHIEF JUSTICE FULLER.
Melville Weston Fuller, chief justice of the
United States Supreme court, died at his summer
home at Sorrento, Me., July 4, 1910. Though 77
vears of age he was in excellent health up to the
hour of his death, which was caus;?d by a sudden
attack of hart disease. He was born in Augusta,
Me., Feb. 11, 1833, and came to Chicago in 1856.
His education was obtained in the public schools.
Rowdoln college and the Harvard law school. Ad-
mitted to the bar in 1855 he practiced his pro-
fession with succ-ss until April, IS8S. when Presi-
dent Grover Cleveland appointed him chief jus-
tice of the United States Supreme court. In poli-
tics he was a democrat. He was buried in Grace-
land cemetery, Chicago.
STATES AND TERRITORIES IN THE UNION.
There are forty-six states In the union and five
territories, the latter including Arizona, New Mex-
ico, Hawaii, the District of Columbia and Alaska.
The first three are 'regularly organized territories,
each with a governor and legislative assembly.
The District of Columbia is governed by three com-
missioners appointed by the president of the
United States under laws passed directly by con-
gress. Alaska has a governor appointed by the
president, but has no legislature. It is under the
direct control of congress. Porto Rico, the Phil-
Jppines and other island possessions of the United
States are not technically territories, each having
a speciaJ form of government.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1011.
79
COPYRIGHT LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
Approved March 4, 1909.
The act to amend and consolidate the acts re-
specting copyright, in force July 1, 1909, provides
that any person entitled thereto, upon complying
with the provisions of the law, shall have the ex-
clusive right (a) to print, reprint, publish, copy
and vend the copyrighted work; (b) to translate the
copyrighted work or make any other version of It
if it be a literary work; to dramatize it if it be a
nondramatic work; to convert it into a novel or
other nondramatic work if it be a drama; to ar-
range or adapt it if it be a musical work; to fin-
ish it if it be a model or design for a work of art;
(c) to deliver or authorize the delivery of the
copyrighted work if it be a lecture, sermon, ad-
dress or similar production; (d) to perform the
copyrighted work publicly if it be a drama or, u
It be a dramatic work and not reproduced in
copies for sale, to vend the manuscript or any rec-
ord thereof; to make or to procure the making of
any transcription or record thereof by which it
mny in any manner be exhibited, performed or
produced, and to exhibit, perform or produce it
In any manner whatsoever; (e) to perform the
x>pyrighted work publicly for profit if it be a mu-
sical composition and for the purpose of public
performance for profit and to make any arrange-
nent or setting of it in any system of notation or
any form of record in which the thought of au
author may be read or reproduced.
So far as they secure copyright controlling the
parts of instruments serving to reproduce mechan-
ically the musical work the law includes only com-
positions published after the act went into effect;
it does not include the works of a foreign author
or composer unless the country of . which he is a
citizen or subject grants similar rights to Amer-
ican citizens. Whenever the owner of a musical
copyright has used or permitted the use of the
copyrighted work upon the part of instruments
serving to reproduce mechanically the musical
work, any other person may make a similar use of
the work upon the payment to the owner of a roy-
alty of 2 cents on each such part manufactured.
The reproduction or rendition of a musical com-
position by or upon coin-operated machines shall
not be deemed a public performance for profit un-
less a fee is charged for admission to tl
where the reproduction occurs.
the place
The works for which copyright may be secured
include all the writings of an author.
The application for registration shall specify to
which of the following classes the work in which
copyright is claimed belongs:
(a) Books, including composite and cyclopedic
works, directories, gazetteers and other compila-
tions.
(b) Periodicals, including newspapers.
(c) Lectures, sermons, addresses, prepared for
oral delivery.
(d) Dramatic or dramatic-musical compositions.
(e) Musical compositions.
(f) Maps.
(g) Works of art; models or designs for works
Of art.
(h) Reproductions of a work of art.
(1) Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or
technical character.
(J) Photographs.
(k) Prints and pictorial illustrations.
These specifications do not, however, limit the
subject matter of copyright as defined in the law
nor does any error in classification invalidate the
copyright protection secured.
Copyright extends to the work of a foreign author
or proprietor only in case he is domiciled in the
United States at the time of the first publication
of his work or if the country of which he is a citi-
een grants similar copyright protection to citizens
of the United States.
Any person entitled thereto by the law may se-
cure copyright for his work by publication thereof
with the notice of copyright required by the act,
and such notice shall be affixed to each copy pub-
lished or offered for sale in the United States.
Such person may obtain registration of his claim
to copyright by complying with the provisions of
the act, including the deposit of copies, whereupon
the register of copyrights shall Issue to him a cer-
tificate as provided for in the law. Copyright mar
also be had of the works of an author of which
copies are not reproduced for sale by the deposit
with claim of copyright of one complete copy, if it
be a lecture or similar production, or a dramatic
or musical composition; of a photographic print if
it be a photograph, or of a photograph or other
identifying reproduction thereof if it be a work of
art or a plastic work or drawing.
After copyright has been secured there must be
deposited in the copyright office in Washington,
D. C., two complete copies of the best edition
thereof, which copies, if the work be a book or pe-
riodical, shall have been produced in accordance
with the manufacturing provisions of the act, or if
such work be a contribution to a periodical for
which contribution special registration is requested
one copy of the issue or issues containing such
contribution. Failure to deposit the copies within
a given time after notice from the register of
copyrights makes the proprietor of the copyright
liable to a fine of $100 and twice the retail price
of the work and the copyright becomes void.
The text of all books and periodicals specified in
paragraphs (a) and (b) above, except the original
text of a book of foreign origin in a language
other than English, must in order to secure pro-
tection be printed from type set within the limits
of the United States, either by hand, machinery or
other process, and the printing of the text and the
binding of the books must also be done within the
United States. An affidavit of such manufacture is
required.
The notice of copyright required consists either
of the word "copyright" or the abbreviation
"copr.," accompanied by the name of the copyright
proprietor, and if the work be a printed literary,
musical or dramatic work, the notice must also in-
clude the year in which the copyright was secured
by publication. In the case, however, of copies of
works specified in paragraphs (f) to (k) inclusive
(given above) the notice may consist of the letter
C inclosed within a circle, accompanied by the ini-
tials, monogram, mark or symbol of the copyright
proprietor, provided his name appears elsewhere on
the copies. In the case of a book or other printed
publication the notice shall t>e applied on the title
page or on the page immediately following, or if a
periodical either upon the title page or upon the
first page of text of each separate number or un-
der the title heading; or if a musical work upon its
title page or the first page of music.
Where the copyright proprietor has sought to
comply with the law with respect to notice, the
omission of such notice by mistake from a particu-
lar copy or copies shall not invalidate the copy-
right or prevent recovery for infringement against
any person who, after actual notice of the copy-
rlgbt, begins an undertaking to infringe it, but
shall prevent the recovery or damages against an
innocent infringer who has been misled by the
omission; of the notice.
In the case of a book in English published abroad
before publication in this country, the deposit in
the copyright office within thirty days of one copy
of the foreign edition, with a request for the res-
ervation of the copyright, secures for the auth
or owner an ad Interim copyright for thirty days
after such deposit is made.
The copyright secured by the act endures for
twenty-eight years from the date of the first publi-
cation. In the case of any posthumous work, peri-
odical, encyclopedic or other, composite work upon
which the copyright was originally secured by the
proprietor thereof, or of any work copyrighted by a
corporate body, or by an employer for whom such
work is made for hire, the proprietor of such copy-
right shall be entitled to a renewal of the copy-
right in such work for the further term of twenty-
eight years when application for such renewal shall
have been made within one year prior to the ex-
piration of the original term. In the case of any
other copyrighted work, including a contribution by
an individual author to a periodical or to a cyclo-
pedic or other composite work when such contribu-
tion has been separately copyrighted, the author of
such work, if living, or the heirs, executors or
next of kin, if the author be dead, shall be en-
80
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
titled to a renewal of the copyright for a further
term of twenty-eight years. In default of such ap-
plication for renewal the copyright in any work
shall end at the expiration of twenty-eight years.
If any person shall infringe the copyright in any
work protected under the copyright laws of the
United States, such person shall be liable:
(a) To an injunction restraining such infringe-
ment;
(b) To pay to the copyright proprietor such dam-
ages as the copyright proprietor may have suffered
due to the infringement, as well as all the profits
which the inf ringer shall ha^e made from such In-
fringement, and in proving profits the plaintiff
shall be required to prove sales only and the de-
fendant shall be required to prove every element
of cost which he claims, or in lieu of actual dam-
ages or profits such damages as to the court shall
appear to be just, and in assessing such damages
the court may, in its discretion, allow the amounts
as hereinafter stated (in numbered paragraphs), but
in the case of a newspaper reproduction of a copy-
righted photograph such damages shall not exceed
the sum of $200 nor be less than $50, and such dam-
ages shall in no other case exceed the sum of $250
and shall not be regarded as a penalty:
1. In the case of a painting, statue or sculpture,
$10 for every infringing copy made or sold by or
found in the possession of the infringer or his
agents or employes;
2. In the case or any work enumerated in the list
(given above) of works for which copyright may be
asked, except a painting, statue or sculpture, $1 for
every infringing copy.
3. In the case of a lecture, sermon or address,
$50 for every infringing delivery.
4. In the case of dramatic or dramatico-musical
or a choral or orchestral composition, $100 for the
first and $50 for every subsequent infringing per-
formance; in the case of other musical composi-
tions, $10 for every infringing performance.
(c) To deliver up on oath all articles alleged to
Infringe a copyright.
(d) To deliver up on oath for destruction all the
Infringing copies or devices, as well as all plates,
molds, matrices or other means for making such In-
fringing copies, as the court may order.
(e) Whenever the owner of a musical copyright
has used or permitted the use of the copyrighted
work upon the parts of musical instruments serv-
ing to reproduce mechanically the musical work,
then in case of infringement by the unauthorized
manufacture, use or sale of interchangeable parts,
such as disks, rolls, bands or cylinders for use in
mechanical music-producing machines, no criminal
action shall be brought, but In a civil action an
Injunction may be granted upon such terms as the
court may impose and the plaintiff shall be en-
titled to recover in lieu of profits and damages a
royalty as provided in the act.
Any person who shall willfully and for profit In-
fringe any copyright, or willfully aid or aoet such
infringement, shall be deemed guilty of a misde-
meanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be pun-
ished by imprisonment for not exceeding one year
or by a fine of not less than $100 nor more than
$1,000 or both, in the discretion of the court. It is
provided, however, that nothing in the act shall
prevent the performance of religious or secular
works, such as oratorios, cantatas, masses or octavo
choruses by public schools, church choirs or vocal
societies, provided the performance is for chari-
table or educational purposes and not for profit.
Any person who shall fraudulently place a copy-
right notice upon any uncopyrighted article, or
shall fraudulently remove or alter the notice upon
any copyrighted article, shall be deemed guilty of
a misdemeanor and shall be subject to a fine of
not less than $100 nor more than $1,000. Any per-
son who shall knowingly sell or issue any article
bearing a notice of United States copyright which
has not been copyrighted in this country, or who
shall knowingly import any article bearing such
notice, shall be liable to a fine of $100.
During the existence of the American copyright
In any book the importation of any niratical
copies thereof or of any copies not produced in ac-
cordance with the manufacturing provisions of the
copyright law, or of any plates of the same not
made from type set in this country, or any copies
produced by lithographic or photo-engraving proc-
ess not performed within the United States, is pro-
hibited. Except as to piratical copies this does
not apply.
(a) To works in raised characters for the blind;
(b) To a foreign newspaper or magazine, al-
though containing matter copyrighted in the
United States printed or reprinted by authority of
the copyright owner, unless such newspaper or
magazine contains also copyright matter printed
without such authorization;
(c) To the authorized edition of a book in a for-
eign language of which only a translation Into
English has been copyrighted in this country;
(d) To any book published abroad with the au-
thorization of the author or copyright proprietor
under the following circumstances:
1. When imported, not more than one copy at a
time, for individual use and not for sale, but such
privilege of importation shall not extend to a for-
eign reprint of a book by an American author
copyrighted in the United States;
2. When imported by or for the use of the
United States;
3. When Imported, for use and not for sale, not
more than one copy of any such book in any one
Invoice, in good faith, by or for any society or in-
stitution incorporated for educational, literary,
philosophical, scientific or religious purposes, or
for the encouragement of the fine arts, or for any
college, academy, school or seminary of learning,
or for any state, school, college, uni/crsity or free
public library in the United States;
4. When such books form parts of libraries or
collections purchased en bloc for the use of socie-
ties, institutions or libraries, or form parts of the
library or personal baggage belonging to persons or
families arriving from foreign countries and are
not Intended for sale.
No criminal actions shall be maintained under
the copyright law unless the same be* begun within
thrae years after the cause of action arose.
Copyright may be assigned, mortgaged or be-
queathed by will. ,
There shall be appointed by the librarian of con-
gress a register or copyrights at a salary of $4,000
a year and an assistant register at $3,000 a year.
These with their subordinate assistants shall per-
form all the duties relating to the registration ofr
copyrights. The register of copyrights shall keen
such record books in the copyright office as are re-
quired to carry out the provisions of the law, and
whenever deposit has been made in the copyright
office of a copy of any work under the provisions
of the act he shall make entry thereof.
In the case of each entry the person recorded at)
the claimant of the copyright shall be entitled to
a certificate of registration under seal of the copy-
right office.
The register of copyrights shall receive and the
persons to whom the services designated are ren-
dered shall pay the following fees: For the regis-
tration of any work subject to copyright, $1, which
sum is to include a certificate of registration under
seal: Provided, that in the case of photographs the
fee shall be 50 cents where a certificate is not de-
manded. For every additional certificate of regis-
tration made, 50 cents. For recording and certify-
ing any instrument Of writing for the assignment
of copyright or license, or for any copy of such
certificate or license, duly certified, if not over 300
words In length, $1; if more than 300 and less than
1,000, $2; if more than 1,000 words in length. $1
additional for each 1,000 words or fraction thereof
over 300 words. For recording the notice of user
or acquiescence specified in the act, 25 cents tor
each notice of not over fifty words and an addi-
tional 25 cents for each additional 100 words. For
comparing any copy of an assignment with the
record of such document in the copyright office and
certifying the same under seal. $1. For recording
the extension or renewal of copyright, 50 cents.
For recording the transfer of the proprietorship of
copyrighted articles. 10 cents for each title of a
book or other article in addition to the fee for
recording the instrument of assignment. For any
requested search of copyright office records, indexes
or deposits, 50 cents for each full hour consume-i
in making such search. Only one registration at
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
81
one fee shall be required in the case of several
volumes of the same book deposited at the same
time.
For copyright blanks and additional information
as to copyright regulations address the register of
copyrights, library of congress, Washington, D. C.
APPLICATIONS
[Condensed from Rules of Practice
A patent may be obtained by any person who has
Invented or discovered any new and useful art, ma-
chine, manufacture or composition of matter, or
any new and useful improvement thereof not
previously patented or described in this or any
other country, for more than two years prior to his
application, unless the same is proved to have been
abandoned. A patent may also be obtained for
any new design for a manufacture, bust, statue,
alto-relievo or bas-relief; for the printing of
woolen, silk or other fabrics; for any new im-
pression, ornament, nattern, print or picture to
l>e placed on or woven into any article of manu-
facture; and for any new, useful and original shape
or configuration of any article of manufacture,
upon payment of fees and taking the other neces-
sary steps.
Applications for patents must be in writing, in
the English language and signed by the inventor
If alive. The application must include the first
fee of $15, a petition, specification and oath, and
drawings, model or specimen when required. The
petition must be addressed to the commissioner
Of patents and must give the name and full ad-
dress of the applicant, must designate by title the
Invention sought to be patented, must contain a
reference to the specification for a full disclosure
of such invention and must be signed by the appli-
cant.
The specification must contain the following in
the order named: Name and residence of the ap-
plicant with title of invention; a general statement
of the object and nature of the invention; a brief
description of the several views of the drawings
(if the invention admits cf such illustration); a
detailed description; claim or claims; signature of
Inventor and signatures of two witnesses. Claims
for a machine and its product and claims for a
machine and the process in the performance of
which the machine is used must be presented in
separate applications, but claims for a process and
its product may be presented in the same appli-
cation.
The applicant. If the inventor, must make oath
or affirmation that he believes himself to be the
first inventor or discoverer of that which he seeks
to have patented. The oath or affirmation must
also state of what country he is a citizen and
where he resides. In every original application
the applicant must swear or affirm that the inven-
tion has not been patented to himself or to others
with his knowledge or consent in this or any for-
eign country for more than two years prior to his
application, or on an application for a patent filed
In any foreign country by himself or his legal rep-
resentatives or assigns more than seven months
prior to his application. If application has been
made in any foreign country, full and explicit de-
tails must be given. The oath or affirmation may
FOR PATENTS.
in the United States patent office.]
be made before any one who is authorized by the
laws of his country to administer oaths.
Drawings must be on white paper with India
ink and the sheets must be exactly 10x15 Inches
In size, with a margin of one inch. They must
show all details clearly and without the use ot
superfluous lines.
Applications for reissues must state why the
original patent is believed to be defective and tell
precisely how the errors were made. These applica-
tions must be accompanied by the original patent
and an offer to surrender the same; or, if the orig-
inal be lost, by an affidavit to that effect and
certified copy of the patent. Every applicant whose
claims have been twice rejected for the same rea-
sons may appeal from the primary examiners to
the examiners in chief upon the payment of a fee
of $10.
The duration of patents is for seventeen years
except in the case at design patents, which may
be for three and a naif, seven or fourteen years,
as the inventor may elect.
Caveats or notices given to the patent office of
claims to inventions to prevent the issue of patents
to other persons upon the same invention, without
notice to caveators, may be filed upon the payment
of a fee of $10. Caveats must contain the same
information as applications for patents.
Schedule of fees and prices:
Original application $15.00
On Issue of patent 20.00
Design patent (3V6 years) 10.00
Design patent (7 years) 15.00
Design patent (14 years) 30.00
Caveat 10.00
Reissue 30.00
First appeal 10,00
Second appeal 80.00
For certified copies of printed patents:
Specifications and drawing, per copy $0.06
Certificate 26
Grant 60
For manuscript copies of records, per 100
words 10
If certified, for certificate 25
Blue prints of drawings, 10x15, per copy 26
Blue prints of drawings, 7x11, per copy 16
Blue prints of drawings, 5x8, per copy 05
For searching records or titles, per hour 60
For the Official Gazette, per year, In United
States 5.00
PATENT OFFICE STATISTICS.
Xr. Applications. Issues.
1898 35,842
1899 41.443
1900 41,890
1901 46,449
1902 46,641
1903 50,213
22,267
25.527
26,499
27,373
27,886
31,699
Yr. Applications. Issues.
1904 52,143
1905 54,971
1906 56,482
1907 57.679
1908 60,142
1909 64,408
30,934
30,399
31.965
36.620
33,682
37,421
REGISTRATION OF TRADE-MARKS.
Vnder the law passed by congress Feb. 20, 1905,
and effective April 1. 1905. citizens of the United
States, or foreigners living in countries affording
similar privileges to citizens of the United States,
may obtain registration of trade-marks used in
commerce with foreign nations, or among the sev-
eral states, or with Indian tribes, by complying
with the following requirements: First, by filing
In the patent office an application therefor in
writing, addressed to the commissioner of patents,
signed by the applicant, specifying his name, domi-
cile, location and citizenship; the class of mer-
chandise and the particular description of goods
comprised In such class to which the trade-mark Is
appropriated; a statemevit of tho mode In which
the same is applied and affixed to goods, and the
length of time during which the trade-mark lias
been used. With this statement shall be filed a
drawing of the trade-mark, signed by the appli-
cant or his attorney, and snch number of speci-
mens of the trade-mark as may be required by
the commissioner of patents. Second, by paying
into the treasury of the United States the sum or
$10 and otherwise complying with the requirements
of the law and such regulations as may be pre-
scribed by the commissioner of patents.
The application must be accompanied by a written
declaration to the effect that the applicant believes
himself to be the owner of the trade-mark sought
to be registered and that no other person or cor-
poration has the right to use it; that such trade-
murk is in use and that the description and draw-
ing presented are correct. Trade-marks consisting
of or comprising immoral or scandalous matter,
the coat of arms, flag or other insignia of the
United States or of any state or foreign nation
cannot be registered. Fees for renewal of trade-
marks and for filing opposition to registration are
$10 each; for appeals from examiners to the com-
missioner of patents. $15 each.
Further information may be had by applying to
the commissioner of patents, Washington, D. C.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOIl 1011.
ESPERANTO SIMPLIFIED, OR IDO.
By E. F. McPike and O. H. Mayer. Chicago representatives of the "Delegation for the Adoption
of an International Auxiliary Language."
Esperanto, the proposed international auxiliary
language, published in 1887 by Dr. L. Zamf:nhof,
an oculist of Warsaw, Poland, was welcomed by
many, as it became more generally known in 1004,
1905 and 1906; but the practical application of the
language to many topics, as well as a thorough
theoretical examination, brought out a number of
defects. An international committee of eminent
philologists, logicians, linguists and men of science,
representing the "Delegation for the Adoption of
an International Auxiliary Language," and com-
prising the representatives of 310 societies of all
countries and 1,250 members of academies and uni-
versities, met In Paris in October, 1907, and, as
says the Scientific American supplement of June
18, 1910, in a long editorial, after an exhaustive
study of all international language projects pub-
lished heretofore, and especially ot Esperanto,
"succeeded not only in recognizing, but also in
correcting In a competent manner, the errors of
Esperanto, with the result that we are to-day In
possession of a language which. In respect of facil-
ity, lucidity, variety and elgance or expression,
represents the pinnacle of Internalonal speech.
The new language, whose official name is 'Interna-
tional Language of the Delegation.' is often called
!n short 'Ido' that is. a descendant, because it
sprang from Esperanto."
The following are the chief alterations effected:
1. All accented letters done away with, making
it possible to print the language anywhere, while
preserving phonetic spelling and often restoring the
international orthography.
2. Suppression of a few grammatical rules that
were unnecessary and very troublesome for most
nations, and chiefly for people with little knowl-
edge of grammar (accusative, agreement of the ad-
jective).
3. Word-building made regular, this being tha
only means to prevent the Influx of national idioms
and to give a solid basis to the scientific and, tech-
nical vocabulary, without which the International
language cannot obtain a footing In the world of
science".
4. The vocabulary made richer by the adoption
of new roots, carefully selected according to the
principle of the maximum of internationality.
All tlw words ire formed from International
roots, 1. e., roots found in most European lan-
guages, so that they are known without study by
every fairly educated man. It is not a new lan-
guage to learn; it Is the quintessence of Euro|K>au
languages. But It Is easier beyond comparison
than any of the latter, on account of Its absolute
simplicity and regularity. It Is learned by read-
Ing; when you can read it you can write It; when
you can write it you can speak it. And It has
been proved by experience that people from the
most different countries pronounce it so nearly
alike as to make any difference trifling and by no
means troublesome.
Although but two and a half years before the
public, Ido counts already twelve magazines and
150 propaganda societies in many countries. Its
directing committee is headed by the chemist,
Prof. Ostwald of Leipsic (Nobel prize In 1909). the
ph3'sicist; Prof. Pfaundler of Graz. member of the
Imperial Academy of Sciences of Vienna, and Prof.
Ixirenz of the Technical University of Frankfort-
on-the-Main; Its academy Is headed by the philolo-
gist, Prof. .Tespersen of Copenhagen, member of
the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences, and the
philosopher. Dr. L. Couturat of Paris, sometime
professor at the University of Toulouse.
GRAMMAR OF IDO.
Alphabet No silent letters; all letters always
pronounced us In alphabet, c = ts; g as In go;
s as in so; x = ks; 1 as in jam (may also be
pronounced as it is in French); sh as In ship; ch
as in church; qu as in quality; y as in yes; r
trilled or clearly pronounced. Vowels as In Scotch,
Italian or German; a nearly as in father; e nearly
as In set; 1, between ee In sheep and 1 In ship;
o as in no; u like o in do. After a or e, u =>
short oo (au = something like ow In cow; eu =
something like eh-oo, in one syllable and with
the eh longer than the oo).
Tonic accent or stress On syllable before last;
in the infinitive, on last syllable (ar, Ir, or), y Is
not a vowel and cannot be accented; bona filyo
devas amar sua patro.
Article The = la, always. A or an, not trans-
lated.
Noun Singular in -o, plural in -I.
Adjective In -a, Invariable (may be dropped for
e-uphony).
Personal pronouns Me = I, me; tu = you (famil-
iar, 2d pers. sing.); vu = you (polite, sing.); 11 =
lie, him; el = she. her; ol = it; Di = we, us;
\i = you (plural); II = they, them. (When neces-
sary; 111, masc.; eli, fern.; oil, neut., = they).
Possessive pronouns Mea = mine, my; tna =
your, yours (familiar, sing.); vua = your, yours (po-
lite, sing.); sa = his, her, hers, its (when dis-
tinction is not necessary); nia = our, ours; via =
your, yours (plural); lia = their, the-irs (in gen-
eral).
When used alone (1. e., without a noun), plural:
mei, tui, etc.
When distinction between his. her, Its, their,
is necessary, use lisa = his; elsa = her. hers;
olsa = Its; ilia = their (belonging to men); ella
= their (belonging to women); olia = their (be-
longing to things).
Reflexive pronoun Su = himself, herself. Itself,
themselves; sua = his own, her own, its own,
their own. Plural: sui.
Demonstrative pronouns lea = this; ita = that;
lei = these; Itl = those; ico = this (thing); ito
= that (thing). The initial i may be dropped;
ca. ta, co, to, etc.
With distinction of gender. "Ilca = this (masc.);
elca = this (fern.): olca = this (thing); llta =
that (masc.); elta = that (fern.); olta = that
(thing).
(Plural (when used without a noun) Ilci, eld,
olci, ilti, etc.
Relative and Interrogative pronouns Qua (sing.)
s= wbo, what, which (person); qui (plural) = who,
what, which (persons); quo (neut.) = which
(tiling), what: that.
Accusative When the direct object precedes the
subject it takes a final -n; la humo, quan vu
vidis = the man v/hom you saw, the manl you saw.
Verb The conjugation consists of tenses only;
person and number are only Indicated by the sub-
ject.
Terminations of the chief tenses:
Active Passive
Infinitive. Indicative.Participle.Participle.
Present -ar -as -anta -ata
Past -Ir -is -inta -ita
Future ... -or -os -onta -ota
Conditional, -ns; imperative, -ez.
The verb "to be" (es-ar) is used to form all
tenses ,'n the passive voice and the compound
tenses in the active voice:
Past perfect Me esis aminta, "I had loved."
Future perfect Me esos aminta, "I shall have
loved."
Conditional perfect Me esus aminta, "I should
have loved."
It will be noticed that the verb "to have" is
tot used as an auxiliary.
In the passive voice, the compound forms in -ata
(esas araata, esis amata. esos amata, etc.) may
be shortened into amesas, amesis. amesos, amesus,
amesar, amesez. E. g., me amesus, "I should be
loved" (me esus amata).
Adverbs Derived adverbs end in -e. This -e re-
places the -a or -o of the adjective or noun, bon-a
= good, bon-e = well; nokt-o = night, nokt-e
= by night.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
83
TEE CARNEGIE HERO FUND.
April 15, 3904, Andrew Carnegie placed In the
hands of a commission the sum of $5,000,000 to be
known as "the hero fund." Its purpose is to re-
ward with medals and money the men and women
who perform heroic deeds, or, in case they lose
their lives, to care for those dependent upon them.
Widows are given support until they remarry and
children are given allowances until they are 16
years of age. Only such as follow peaceful voca-
tions on sea or land In the United States and Can-
ada are eligible to become beneficiaries of the
fund. The first awards of medals and money were
made in May, and others in October, 1905. The
tames of the recipients with the reason for the
award in each case will be found in The Daily
News Almanac and Year-Book beginning with the
volume for 1906.
AWARDED NOV. 3. 1909.
Halley M. Woods, aged 38, merchant, saved Nellie
B. Dana and others from drowning In flood at
Athens, O., March 14, 1907; silver medal and $1,000.
Ray V. Vincent, aged 23, coal miner, saved James
lA. Bolin and others from drowning at Athens, O.,
March 14, 1907; bronze medal and $1,000.
James C. McMichael, aged 52, watchman, assisted
in attempting to save Nancy J. Simmons and
others from drowning at Athens, O., March 14,
1907; silver medal.
Amanson Lewis. Jr., aged 30, stationary engineer,
assisted !n attempt to save Nancy J. Simmons and
others from drowning at Athens, O., March 14,
1907; silver medal and $1,000.
William A. Casley, aged 39, superintendent,
helped to save Alvin L. Downard and others from
drowning at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze
medal and $1,000.
Edward Swett, aged 33, painter, helped to save
Lycia S. Young and others and died! in attempting
to save Ira C. Young and others in the Athens (O.)
flood March 14, 1907, silver medal and $20 a month
for support of father and mother.
Alonzo Barnes, aged 40. painter, helped to save
Lydia S. Young and others from drowning at
Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze medal and
$1,000.
Charles F. Bearhs, aged 48, driver, died while
assisting in attempt to save Ira C. Young and
others from drowning at Athens, O., March 14,
1907; silver medal to next of kin.
Carl J. Hibbard, aged 2t, machinist, helped to
save Mary EL Dana from drowning at Athens, O.,
March 14, 1907; silver medal and $1,000.
Otto Barth, aged 47, miller, died in attempting
to save John P. Dana and others from drowning
at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; silver medal and $25
a month to widow.
Pascal L. Traglio, aged 46, painter, helped to
save Minerva M. C&rsey and others from drowning
at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze medal and
$1.000.
Frederick L. Guenther, aged 42, contractor, helped
to save Minerva M. Carsey and others from drown-
ing at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze medal
and $1,000.
Walter O. Allen, aged 26, student, helped to
save James N. Carsey and Noah H. Martin from
drowning at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze
medal and $1,000.
Harry G. Seevers, aged 26. coal miner, helped to
pave J. N. Carsey and N. H. Martin from drown-
ing at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; bronze medal
and $1,000.
Theodore H, Homer (colored), aged 32, saved
Freddie Berger, aged 8, from a runaway in Phila-
delphia, Pa., Aug. 2, 1908; bronze modal and $500.
William F. Sayle, aged 15, schoollwy, saved Ethel
H. Aldrich and Russell R. Dyer from drowning at
North Attleboro, Mass., Jan. 17, 1908; bronze medal
mid $2,000.
Jchn F. Conroy, aged 28, physical instructor,
saved Walter Scully, aged 10, from drowning at
Manchester. Mass., Aug. 28. 1908; bronze medal.
Timothy J. Martd-n, aged 25, machinist, helped
to save Joseph Fizko, aged 10. from drowning at
Thomaston, Conn., Jan. 9, 1909; bronze medal and
$1,000.
Albert K. Sweet (colored), aged 20, machinist,
attempted to save Ragnhlld, Lilly and Axel Han-
son, children, and filbert W. Johnson from drown-
ing at Narwood, R. I., Feb. 17, 1909; lironze medal.
Harry F. Kenusru, aged 35, laborer, attempted
to rescue David B. Blair, aged 13, from electric
shock at Chester, Pa., Feb. 27, 1909; bronze medal.
Aint-rt Guildoo, aged 14. schoolboy, rescued Min-
nie M. Lower*, aged 13, from a mad dog at Wam-
pum, Pa., March 16, 1909; bronze medal and $2,000.
John A. iCamerou, aged 26, Janitor, saved Martha
W. Donnelly from burning in Cincinnati, O., Oct.
29. 1908; bronze medal and $1,000.
William G. Buley, aged 38, stationary engineer,
saved Hannah A. Lewis from being run over by a
train at Aldan, Pa., April 16, 1908; bronze medal
and $1,750.
Frank H. Terry, aged 14, student, saved Fred O.
Claus from drowning at Paulsboro, N. J., July 14,
1908.
George E. MoCue (colored), aged 26, porter, saved
Jacquelyn M. Herman, aged 2, from being run
over by a train at Garden City, Kas., Nov. 19,
1908; bronze medal end $500.
Robert Dowling, aged 38, machinist, saved Mali-
Ion R. Potts and tried to save two others from
suffocation at Elizabeth, N. J., Dec. 9. 1905; bronze
medal and Jl.OOO.
Lin wood E. Clark, aged 19, student, saved Edgar
V. Bump from burning at Wilton, Me., Dec. 23,
1908; bronze medal and $2,000.
Ralph H. Reeder, aged 25, superintendent, saved
Bessie , L. Lewis and Katheriue M. Cain from
drowning at Bordentown, N. J., July 6, 1908;
bronze medal.
Henry R. Berry, aged 25, laborer, died In at-
tempting to save Carl G. Britton, aged 12, from
drowning at Cambridge, O., June 13, 1909; bronze
medal and S25 a irontu to widow.
Frederick E. Foss, aged 38, lineman, died at-
tempting to save William Quann from electric
shock at Somerset, Mass., Nov. 16, 1908; bronze
medal and $25 u month to mother.
Patrick Casey, aged 25, pipefitter, died attempt-
ing to save William B. Jones from suffocation by
gas at Youngstown, O.. April 29, 1909; silver medal
and $50 a month to widow and $5 a month fof son.
Robert L. Troscher, aged 18, wireman, attempted
to save Patrick Casey and William B. Jones from
suffocation by gas at Youngstown, O., April 29,
1909; bronze medal and $1,000.
Stephen Borovsky, aged 34, foreman, attempted
to save Patrick Caey from suffocation at Youngs-
town, O., April 29, 1909; bronze medal and $500.
Harry D. Thompson, .aged 43, master mechanic,
attempted to save William B. Jones from suffoca-
tion at Youngstovn, O., April 29, 1909; bronze
medal and $500.
Hubert Backus, sped 29, stationary engineer, at-
tempted to save William B. Jones from suffocation
at Youngstown, O., April 29, 1909; bronze medal
and $500.
Bertha Rattenbury, aged 15, student, saved Abi-
gail Wellner from drowning at Charlottetown, P.
E. I., Aug. 6, 1909; silver medal and $2,000.
Ithamer C. Sapp, aged 41, farmer, saved William
C. Whitney from burning at Westerville, O., Nov.
17. 1S07; silver medal and $3.100.
Clarence M. Thompson, aged 49. farmer, attempt-
ed to save Eugene G. Davis- and Nelson O. Thomp-
son from suffocation in a well at Cimarron, Kas.,
May 18, 1909; silver medal and $1,000.
William F. Bayless. aged 23. farmer, saved Clar-
ence M. Thompson from suffocation at Cimarron
Kas., May 18, 1909; silver medal and $1,000.
George A. Lowry, aged 52, inventor, attempted
to save Annie L. Pollard from drowning at Pablo
Aug. 22,
William M. Edwards, aged 25, longshoreman.
.
Beach, Fla.. Aug. 22, 1908; silver medal
rescued Lucius Hubbard from burning in Phila-
delphia, Pa., June 20, 1908; silver medal and $1.000.
Jesse O. Stewart, aged 23, farmer, savod Otis
E. Nichols and Spencer Bullard from suffocation
by gas in a well at Brownwood, Tex., April 26.
1909; silver medal and $1,000:
Clemmie C. Lebns, aged 26, housewife, died at-
tempting to save Mazel Ellis an! Kathryu E.
Weaver from drowning at Henrietta, Tex., April
29, 1909; silver medal.
84
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
Herbert L. Mitchell, aged 44, clergyman, died
attempting to save Clarence B. BlaUeslee from
drowning at Fishers Island. N. Y., Aug. 3. 1903;
silver medal, $300 to pay debt and $70 a month to
widow and $5 additional a month for each child.
Charles W. Hammond, aged 44, laborer, died at-
tempting to savo Archibald C. Reynolds from
drowning at .Sydney, Me., April 1. 1909; silver
medal and $20 a month to widow and $5 a month
for 'ach of four cMldron.
Ignatius J. Raif, aged 22, blacksmith, died res-
cuing Adolph Reiss. aged 5. from electric shock at
Houston, Tex., April 30, 1909; silver medal and $40
a mouth to widow and $5 a month for each of two
children.
Michael Donlon, aged 35, porter, died saving
Malvina and Delclna F. Gauthier from being run
over by a train at Meriden, Conn., Jan. 2, 1909;
silver medai.
Michael J. Duffy, aged 55, special officer, died
attempting to save Emma C. Conklin, aged 65,
from being run over by a train at Hallstead, Pa..
Jan. 11, 1909; silver medal and $40 a month to
widow.
Francis G. Stewart, aged 50, crossing watchman,
died saving G. Cary Bercaw, aged 6, from being
run over by a train at Hammond, La., April 13,
1908; silver medal.
Matthew J. Kelly, aged 31, died attempting to
save John A. McCue from suffocation by gns in
Pittslmrg, Pa., Aug. 4, 1909; silver medal and $50 a
month to widow, vith $5 a month for son.
AWARDED JAN. 19, 1910.
Francis T. Smith, aged 43, engraver, saved Mary
Cunningham from drowning at George's Mills, N.
H., Aug. 23, 1909; bronze medal.
Thomas J. Caniff, aged 43, tool setter, rescued
John E. Ross, Jr., and Edward A. Saum from
electric shock at Waterbury, Conn., Sept. 12, 1905;
bronze medal.
George F. Burba, aged 44, editor, saved Cath-
erine Murty, aged 12. from drowning at Sny.ler-
ville, O., Aug. 12, 1909; bronze medal.
Oscar H. Thomas, aged 29, salesman, saved Al-
fred H. Smith, aged 7, from drowning at Milford,
Conn., Dec. 7, 1907; bronze medal ami $1.000.
James W. Marrinan. aged 16, student, saved
Neil E. Duffy, aged 4, from being run over by
train at Woburn, Mass., June 12, 1909; bronze
medal and |2.000.
Frank B. Well, aged 21, school teacher, saved
Charles I. Fisher, Olive M. McCally and Cora B.
Butterfleld from burning at Walker, Iowa, Nov.
1, 1908; bronze medal and $2,000.
Anthony J. Langhammer, aged 18, machinist,
saved Edward Yung, aged 10, from drowning at
Dayton, Ky., Aug. 8, 1909; bronze medal and $2,000.
Charles W. Weld, aged 21, salesman, saved J.
Chase Harbaugh from drowning at Waterloo, Iowa,
Aug. 1, 1908; bronze medal.
John A. Grady, aged 30, fisherman, helped save
Arthur Nystrom and Herman Peterson from drown-
ing at Souris, P. E. I.; bronze medal and $500.
Duncan J. Campbell, aged 24, lineman, helped
save Arthur Nystrom and Herman Peterson from
drowning at Souris, P. E. I.; bronze medal and $500.
Cornelius H. Bertram!, aged 17, office boy. died
attempting to save Charles Zimmerman from drown-
ing at New York, N. Y., Aug. 8, 1909; bronze
medal and $1,000 to father.
Charles P. McCrory, aged 19, clerk, died at-
tempting to save John A. Altenbaugh, Jr., from
drowning at Sandy Creek. Pa., Aug. 4. 1909; bronze
medal and $3,000, with $20 a month additional for
five years to father.
Edith M. Grigor. aged 36, school teacher, died
attempting to save James C. Morrison, aged 7. from
drowning at We-itvorth, N. H., Aug. 13, 1907; sil-
ver medal to father.
Jesse E. Patterson, photographer, attempted to
save Minerva M. Carrey and nine others from
drowning at Athens, O., March 14, 1907; silver
medal and $500.
Matthew Walsh, aged 45. laborer, died as result
of attempting to save James E. Kelly from suffo-
cation by g-JS in manhole in Boston, Mass.. Aug.
12. 1909; silver medal and $25 a month to widow,
with $5 a month for each of five children.
Humphrey J. Moynihan, aged 51, inspector, saved
James E. Kelly and Thomas Bragan from suffoca-
tion by gas in Boston, Aug. 12, 1909; silver medal
and $1,000.
CARNEGIE HERO FUND COMMISSION, 1909.
President Cvwrles L. Taylor.
Vice-president W. J. Holland.
Treasurer J. H. Reed.
Secretary and manager F. M. Wilmot.
Members William L. Abbott, Taylor Allerdice,
Albert J. Barr, Edward M. Bigelow, W. W.
Blackburn, Joseph Bufflngton, A. C. Dinkey,
Ralph M. Dravo, R. A. Franks, W. N. Frew. W.
J. Holland, Thomas Lynch, Thomas N. Miller.
Thomas Morrison, F. C. Perkins, H. K. Porter,
J. H. Reed, W. L. Scaife, W. H. Stevenson,
Charles L. Taylor, F. M. Wilmot.
Office In Carnegie building, Pittsburg, Pa.
Up to Jan. 31, 1910, the commissioners had made
336 awards. These included 13 sold medals, 148
silver medals and 175 bronze medals. A total of
4.621 cases had been considered. The sum of $248,-
406.54 had been paid to heroes and their depend-
ents, the amounts paid on pension allowances being
included. Besides this $124.462.06 had been given
to funds for the relief of sufferers In the Grover
factory disaster at Brockton, Mass., the California
earthquake disaster, the Monongah mines disaster,
the Darr mine disaster and the Lick Branch mine
disaster.
Acts for which awards for heroism had been
made up to Jan. 31 1910:
Saving or attempting
save from
ta
208
35
30
22
9
7
6
6
2
ive
1
Being run over by
street car
3
1
1
336
t
2
a
19
36
50
2
42
9
2
2
5
I
1
a
a
i
9
10
336
Suffocation by gas
Being run over by
train
Quarrv explosion
Suicide
Automobile
Electric shock
Mine explosion
Sawmill belting
Total
Mad dog
By states awards h
Jan. 31, 1910:
Alabama
been made as follows
Nebraska
Cal if ornla
5
11
1
4
1
3
16
6
9
s
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
Ohio
Connecticut
Dist. of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Texas
6
2
6
1
33
9
5
1
8
Utah
Louisiana
Maine
Vermont
Virginia
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Canada
Total
HOT WEATHER AND DROUGHT IN 1910.
The summer of 1910 was warm and dry throughout
the greater part of the United States, the heat
and drought resulting in considerable damage to
crops and in extensive forest fires In Wisconsin,
Michigan. Minnesota. Idaho and Montana. The
spring was rather late and cold in the north cen-
tral states, though on the southern Pacific slope
it was unusually warm. In Los Angeles, Cal., the
thermometer registered 100 degress above zero April
23, the warmest weather experienced there at that
time of year since the government began keeping
a record." It began to get warm in the Mississippi
valley in June and culminated in a general "not
wave" !n the third week of July. On the 25th
niul 26th of that month the thermometer ranged
from 90 to 109 degrees above, the highest temper-
atures being registered in Oklahoma, Missouri,
Kansas, Texas, Arkansas and Colorado. In Chi-
cago. July 24. it was 97 degrees above. The heat
continued with brief interruptions well into August.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
UNITED STATES CIVH SERVICE.
Civil-service act approved Jan. 16, 1883.
Officers Three commissioners are appointed by
the president to assist him in classifying the gov-
ernment offices and positions, formulating rules and
enforcing the law. Their office is in Washington,
D. C. The chief examiner Is appointed by the
commissioners to secure accuracy, uniformity and
justice in the proceedings of the examining boards.
The secretary to the commission is appointed by
the president.
General Rules The fundamental rules governing
appointments to government positions are found in
the civil-service act itself. Based upon these are
many other regulations formulated by the commis-
sion and promulgated by the president from time
to time as new contingencies arise. The present
rules were approved March 20, 1903. and went into
effect April 15. 1903. In a general way they re-
auire that there must be free, open examinations
of applicants for positions in the public service ; '
that appointments shall be made from those graded
highest in the examinations ; that appointments to
the service in Washington shall be apportioned
among the states and territories according to popu-
lation ; that there shall be a period (six months)
of probation before any absolute appointment is
made ; that no person in the public service is for
that reason obliged to contribute to any political
fund or Is sub.lect to dismissal for refusing to so
contribute: that no person in the public service
has any right to use his official authority or influ-
ence to coerce the political action of any person.
-Applicants for positions shall not be questioned as
to their political or religious beliefs and no dis-
crimination shall be exercised against or in favor
of any applicant or employe on account of his re-
ligion or politics. The classified civil service shall
include all officers and employes in the executive
civil service of the United States except laborers
and persons whose appointments are subject to
confirmation by the senate.
Examinations These are conducted by boards of
examiners chosen from among persons In govern-
ment employ and are held twice a year In all the
states and territories at convenient places. In Illi-
nois, for example, they are usually held at Cairo,
Chicago and Peoria. The dates are announced
through the newspapers or by other means. They
can always be learned by applying to the commis-
sion or to the nearest postofflce or custom house.
Those who desire to take examinations are advised
to write to the commission In Washington for the
"Manual of Examinations." which is sent free to
all applicants. It is revised semiannually to Jan.
1 and July 1. The January edition contains a
schedule of the spring examinations and the July
edition contains a schedule of the fall examina-
tions. Full Information Is given as to the methods
and rules governing examinations, manner of mak-
ing application, qualifications required, regulations
for ratine examination papers, certification for
and chances of appointment, and as far as possible
It outlines the scope of the different subjects of
general and technical examinations. These are
practical in character and are designed to test the
relative capacity and fitness to discharge the duties
to be performed. It is necessary to obtain an aver-
age percentage of 70 to be eligible for appoint-
ment, except that applicants entitled to preference
because of honorable discharge from the military
or naval service for disability resulting from
wounds or sickness incurred in the line of duty
need obtain but 65 per cent. The period of eligi-
bility is one year.
Qualifications of Applicants No person will be
examined who is not a citizen of the United States ;
who is not within the aee limitations prescribed ;
who is physically disqualified for the service which
he seeks : who has been guilty of criminal, infa-
mous, dishonest or disgraceful conduct ; who has
been dismissed from the public service for delin-
quency and misconduct or has failed to receive ab-
solute appointment after probation ; who is addict-
ed to the habitual use of Intoxicating liquors to
excess, or who has made a false statement In his
application. The age limitations in the more im-
portant branches of the public service are : Post-
offlce. 18 to 45 years : rural letter carriers, 17 to 55 :
Internal revenue, 21 years and over; railway mall,
18 to S5 ; lighthouse, 18 to 50 ; life saving, 18 to 45 ;
general departmental, 20 and over. These age lim-
itations are subject to change by the commission.
They do not apply to applicants of the preferred
class. Applicants for the position of railway mail
clerk must be at least 5 feet 6 inches in height,
exclusive of boots or shoes, and weigh not less
than 135 pounds in ordinary clothing and have no
physical defects. Applicants for certain other po-
sitions have to come up to similar physical re-
quirements.
Method of Appointment Whenever a vacancy ex-
ists the appointing officer makes requisition upon
the civil-service commission for a certification of
names to fill the vacancy, specifying the kind of
position vacant, the sex desired and the salary.
The commission thereupon takes from the proper
register of eligibles the names of three persons
standing highest of the sex called for and certifies
them to the appointing officer, who is required to
make the selection. He may choose any one of
the three names, returning the other two to the
register to await further certification. The time
of examination is not considered, as the highest
in average percentage on the register must be cer-
tified first. If after a probationary period of six
months the name of the appointee is continued on
the roll of the department In which he serves the
appointment is considered absolute.
Removals No person can be removed from a
competitive position except for such cause as will
promote the efficiency of the public service and for
reasons given In writing. No examination of wit-
nesses nor any trial shall be required except in
the discretion of the officer making the removal.
Salaries Entrance to the department service is
usually in the lowest grades, the higher grades be-
ing generally filled by promotion. The usual en-
trance grade Is about $900. but the applicant may
be appointed at $840, $760 or even $600.
EMPLOYES IN THE FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICE.
June 30, 1909.
IN WASHINGTON.
White House 43
State department 199
Tieasury department 7,900
War department 2,236
Navy department 1,019
Postafflce department 1,665
Interior department 5,779
Department of justice 1,207
Department of agriculture 2,760
Department of commerce and labor 1,860
Interstate-commerce commission 560
Civil-service commission 160
Smithsonian Institution 439
State, war and navy department building 231
Isthmian canal commission 149
Government printing office 4,091
Total 30,298
OUTSIDE WASHINGTON.
Treasury department-
Supervising architect 222
Custodian and janitor service 3,184
Mints and assay offices 1,193
Subtreasury service 389
Public health and marine-hospital service.. 2.891
Lite-saving service 2,289
Cisterns service 7,557
Internal-revenue service 3,722
Miscellaneous 462
War department
Suartermaster's department 7,643
rdnance department 5,659
Engineer department 12,413
Miscellaneous 2,084
Navy department
Trade and labor positions 21,000
Exclusive of trade and labor positions 2,371
Postoffice department
Inspection service and stamp agencies 415
Postofflce service 93,994
Fourth-class postmasters 62,942
86
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Rural free delivery service 40,257
Railway mail service 16,087
Interior department
Land service 1,175
Pension-agency service 5,123
Indian service 6,007
Reclamation service 843
Miscellaneous 188
Department of justice 1,991
Department of agriculture 8,519
Department of commerce and labor
Lighthouse service 7,067
Immigration service 1,537
Steamboat-inspection service 303
Miscellaneous 1.232
Civil-service commission 33
Isthmian canal service 25,635
Total 337,496
Grand total 367,794
THE CARNEGIE FOUNDATION FOE THE ADVANCEMENT OF TEACHING.
In April, 1905, Andrew Carnegie transferred to a
board of trustees $10,000,000 in United States Steel
corporation fifty-year bonds bearing 5 per cent in-
terest, the purpose of the trust fund thus created
being to provide retiring allowances or annuities to
teachers In the higher institutions of learning in
the United States, Canada, and Newfoundland under
such regulations as the trustees might decide to be
wise. Schools below the rank of college and insti-
tutions directly under the control of religious de-
nominations are excluded from the benefits of the
fund. State universities were also originally ex-
cluded from the benefits of the fund, but March 31.
1908, Mr. Carnegie, at the request of the National
Association of State Universities, admitted them
and at the same time added to the foundation $5,-
000,000 in 5 per cent bonds, making the fund $15,000.-
000 In all. The stite universities of Wisconsin,
Michigan, Minnesota and Missouri were admitted
in 1909.
The policy of the board has been to confer the
retiring allowances through the institutions them-
selves rather than to individual teachers', on the
principle that the annuity must come as a right
and not as a charity. The professors in the accept-
ed institutions receive retired pay in due course
and under established rules. Allowances are grant-
ed, on the basis of age, service and disability. Any
person 65 years of age who has had not less than
fifteen years of service as professor or not less
than twenty-five years of service as instructor or
as instructor and professor, and who is at the time
a professor or an instructor in an accepted insti-
tution, shall be entitled to an annual retiring al-
lowance, computed as follows:
(a) For an active pay of $1.200 or less an allow-
ance of $1,000, provided no retiring allowance -shall
exceed 90 per cent of the active pay. .
(b) For an active pay greater than $1,200 the
retiring allowance shall equal $1,000. increased by
$50 for each $100 of active pay in excess of $1,200.
(c) No retiring allowance shall exceed $4,000.
Any person who has had twenty-five years of
service as a professor or thirty years of service
as professor and instructor and who is at the time
either a professor or an instructor in an accepted
institution, shall, in the case of disability unfit-
ting him for the work of a teacher, as proved by
medical examination, be entitled to a retiring al-
lowance computed as follows:
(a) For an active pay of $1,200 or less a retiring
allowance of $800, provided that no retiring allow-
ance shall exceed 80 per cent of the active pay.
(b) For an active pay greater than $1,200 the
retiring allowance shall equal $800, increased by
$40 for each $100 in excess of $1,200.
(c) For each additional year of service above
twenty-five for a professor or thirty for an in-
structor the retiring allowance shall be increased
by 1 per cent of the active pay.
(d) No retiring allowance shall exceed $4,000.
At the beginning of 1910 the foundation was pay-
ing 318 pensions, the cost being $466.000. The pro-
fessors receiving these pensions came from 139 col-
leges, distributed over forty-three states of the
union and provinces of Canada. Following were
the officers of administralion in 1910:
President Henry Smith Pritchett.
Treasurer Thomas Morrison Carnegie.
Secretary John Gabbert Bowman.
Trustees Charles C. Harrison, chairman: David
Starr Jordan, vice-chairman; Charles F. Thwing,
secretary; Hill McClelland Bell, Nicholas M. But-
ler. Thomas M. Carnegie. Kdwin B. Craichead.
William H. Crawford. Goorge H. Denny. Robert
A. Franks, Arthur Twining Hadley, Charles C.
Harrison, Alexander C. Humphreys. Henry C.
King, Thomas McClelland, Samuel B. McCormick,
William Peterson, Samuel Plantz. Henry S. Pritch-
ett, Ira Remsen. Jacob Gould Schurman. Laurenus
C. Seelye. William F. Slocum, Frank A. Vander-
lip, Charles R. Van Hise. Woodrow Wilson.
Omce 576 5th avenue, New York, N. Y.
GREAT EARTHQUAKES IN MODERN TIMES.
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
Date April 18, 1906.
Lives lost 452.
Persons injured 1,500.
Persons made homeless 265,000.
Property loss $350.000.000 (estimated).
Loss of insurance companies $132,823,067.21.
Buildings destroyed 60,000.
Blocks or squares burned 453.
Area of burned district 3.96 square miles.
Relief appropriation by congress $2,500,000.
Relief subscription $11,000.000.
VALPARAISO, CHILE.
Date Aug. 16, 1906.
Lives lost 1.500.
Property loss $100,000,000.
KINGSTON. JAMAICA.
Date Jan. 14, 1907.
Lives lost 1,100.
Persons injured 2,000.
Sq. miles.
Oceans-
Antarctic 5,731.350
Arctic 4,781,000
Atlantic 34,801,400
Indian 17,084,000
Property loss $25.000.000.
Buildings destroyed 6,000.
Area of ruined district 50 acres.
Area affected by earthquake 300 acres.
Duration of first shock 38 seconds.
Duration of fire after earthquake 40 hours.
SICILY AND CALABRIA.
Date Dec. 8, 1908.
Day of week Monday.
Hour 5:23 a. m.
Duration of shock 35 seconds.
Lives lost 76,483.
Persons injured 95,470.
Persons made homeless 1,100,000.
Property destnoyed (No estimate attempted).
Region affected Northeastern Sicily and southwest-
ern Calabria.
Chief cities and towns destroyed or damaged In
Sicily: Messina. Faro. Santa Teresa, Scalleta. In
Calabria: Reggio, Galileo, San Giovanni, San
Eufemia, Pellaro, Palmi, Cannitello.
AREAS OF
S
Pacific
Lakes Baikal...
Chad
OCEANS
q. miles.
57,699,630
13,000
50,000
9,960
10,000
AND GREAT LAKES.
So., miles.
Great Slave... 12,000
Huron 23 son
Michigan . . .
Nyassa
Ontario
22.450
12,000
7,240
Erie
Great Bear ..
Superior
Tanganyika ..
Victoria Nyan-
Sq. miles.
Winnipeg
31,200
15.000
26,500
9.000
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
NATIONAL PARKS IN THE UNITED STATES.
(Under supervision of the secretary of the Interior.)
NAME.
Location.
Created.
Acres.
Maryland
Arizona
Georgia and Tennessee
Oregon
California
Pennsylvania
Aug. 20,1890
June 32,1892
Aug. 18,181(0
May 22. 1002
Oct. 1,1890
Feb. 11. 1895
May 11, 1910
a
480
6.195
159,8t>0
2.560
877
Crater Lake
General Grant
June In, 1880 .
912
42,876
207.360
848
1,606
160.000
3.000
960
1.238
10,522
2,142.720
967.680
170
Mesa Verde
Mount Rainier.. . .
Colorado
Washington
June 29, 1906
May 22, 1899
Platt
Oklahoma
District of Columbia
California
June 29, 1906
Sept. 27. 1890
Oct 1 1890
Rock Creek
sshuoh
Tennessee
Dec. 27, 1894
Sully's Hill
North Dakota
Mississippi
South Dakota
June 4, 1904
Feb. 21, 1899
Jan. 9, 1908
Vicksburg
Wind Cave
Yellowstone
Montana and Wyoming
March 1,1872
California " . ..
Oct 1 1890
Zoological....
District of Columbia. . .
March 2. 1889....
NOTES ON NATIONAL PARKS.
Antletam Battla field of the civil war in Washing-
ton county. Maryland.
Casa Grande Ruin Remains of a large prehistoric
building near Florence, Ariz.
Ohickamanga and Chattanooga Battlu fields of the
civil war In the vicinity of Chattanooga, Tenn.
Crater Lake Park contains remarkable mountain
lale and tfne scenery in the Cascade range, Kla-
rnath county, Oregon; may be reached from Kla-
in.ith Falls or from Medford on the Southern
Pacific road.
General Grant In Fresno and Tulare counties, Cal-
ifornia; forest and mountain scenery; reached
from ganger on the Southern Pacific line.
Gettysburg -Battle field of the civil war in south-
eastern Pennsylvania.
Glacier Tract of mountainous country in northern
Montana with glaciers, lakes, forests and peaks.
Hot Springs Reservation Tract of land in Garland
county, Arkansas, noted for its springs of warm
mineral waters.
Mesa Verde In tBe extreme southwestern part of
Colorado; contains pueblo and other ruins;
reached from Mancos on the Rio Grande South-
ern road.
Mount Rainier Mountain district in southern Wash-
ington; reached from Ashford on the Tacoma
Eastern railroad and from Fairfax on the North-
era Pacific road.
Platt Tract of land containing sulphur springs In
Murray county, Oklahoma; reached by Santa Fe
and St. Louis & San, Francisco railroads.
Rock Creek Park in outskirts of Washington, D. C.
Sequoia Mountain tract in Tulare county, Cali-
fornia containing forest of big trees; reached
from Visalia.
Shiloh Battle field of civil war In Hardin county,
southern Tennessee.
Sully's Hill On the shore of Devil's lake, Nortu
Dakota; contains elevation on which Gen. Alfred
Sully witii a few men withstood a band of In-
dians for several days in 1863; reached from
Devil's Lake, Narrows and Toklo stations on the
Great Northern railroad.
Vlcksburg Battle field of civil war near city of
same name in Mississippi.
Wind Cave Canyon and extensive cave in Ouster
county, South Dakota, twelve miles from Hot
-Springs, on the Northwestern and Burlington
roads; in Black Hills region.
Yellowstone Famous park in Wyoming, Montana
and Idaho containing geysers and many other
natural phenomena as well as beautiful moun-
tain, lake and river scenery; reached from sta-
tions on the Northern Pacific, Burlington and
Oregon Short Line roads.
Yosemite Splendid valley In the Sierras in Marl-
posa county. California; reached from Merced on
the Sante Fe and Southern Pacific roads by way
of the Yosemite Valley railroad.
Zoological Park in Washington, D. C., devoted to
the zoological collection of the government; ad-
Joins Rock Creek park.
PRESERVATION OF AMERICAN ANTIQUITIES.
By law approved June 8, 1906, entitled "An act
for the preservation of American antiquities," the
president of the United States is authorized, in
his discretion, to declare by proclamation historic
landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures and
other objects of historic or scientific interest that
are situated upon lands owned or controlled by
the United States to be national monuments. Un-
der such authority the following, monuments have
been cveated:
Name and state.
Year. Acres.
Chaco canyon, N. M 1907 20,520
Cinder cone,* Cal 1907 6,120
Devil's tower, Wyo 1906 .,152
El Morro, N. M . 1906 160
Gila cliff dwellings,* N. M 1907 160
Gran Quivira, N. M 1909 160
Grand Canyon,* Ariz 1908 818,560
Jewel cave,* S. D 1908 1,280
Lassen peak,* Cal 1907 1,280
Lewis and Clark cavern, Mont 1908 160
Montezuma castle. Ariz 1906 160
Mount Olympus,* Wash 1909 610,560
Muir woods, Cal 1908 295
Mukuntuweap, Utah , 1909 15,360
Natural bridges, Utah 1909 2,420
Navujo, Ariz 1909 600
Oregon caves,* Ore 1909 480
Petrified forest. Ariz 1906 60,766
Pinnacles,* Cal 1908 2,080
Rainbow bridge, Utah 1910 160
Shoshone cavern, Wyo 1909 210
Sitka, Alaska 1910 57
Tonto,* Ariz 1907 640
Tumacacorl, Ariz 1908 10
Whaler,* Col 1908 300
*Admlnlstered by department of agriculture; oth-
ers by interior department.
NOTES ON NATIONAL MONUMENTS.
Chaco canyon- -Located in San Juan and McKinley
counties, New Mexico; contains extensive pre-
historic communal or pueblo ruins.
Cinder cone An elevation In Lassen county in
northern California: is of importance as illus-
trating volcanic activity in the vicinity 200 years
ago.
Devil's tower A lofty and isolated rock in Crook
county, Wyoming; Is an extraordinary example,
of the effect of erosion in the higher mountains.
El Morro An elevation near Wingate station on
the Santa Fe railroad In New Mexico; contains
prehistoric ruins and interesting rock Inscriptions.
Gila cliff dwellings In the Mogollon mountains,
New Mexico; known also as the Gila Hot Springs
cliff houses; are among the best preserved re-
mains of the cliff dwellers of the southwest.
Gran Quivira Rulred town not far from Manzauo
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
In the central part of New Mexico; remains of
large cathedral uiul chapel and of many houses
thought to date from prehistoric times.
Grand canyon In northwestern Arizona; greatest
x-oded canyon \vithin the United States.
Jevel cave A natural formation of scientific in-
terest within the Black Hills national forest in
Cutter county. South Dakota.
Lassen peak In national forest of same name In
Shasta county, northern California; marks the
southern terminus of the long line of extinct
volcanoes in the Cascade range, from which one
of the greatest volcanic fields In the world ex-
tends.
Lewis and Clark cavern An extraordinary lime-
stone cavern near Limespur, Jefferson county,
Montana.
Montezuma castle Large prehistoric ruin or cliff
dwelling on Beaver creek, Arizona.
Mount Olympus Mountain in the state of Wash-
Ing; has extensive glaciers and on its slopes are
the breeding grounds of the Olympic elk.
Muir woods In Marin county, California; an ex-
tensive growth of redwoocl trees of great age and
size; land presented to the government by Wil-
liam Kent of Chicago.
Mukuntuweap Canyon in southwestern Utah through
which flows the north fork of the Rio Virgin or
Zion river; an extraordinary example of canyon
erosion.
Natural bridges Rock formations in southeastern
Utah extending over streams or chasms; have
loftier heights and greater spans than any other
similar formations known; reserved as extraordi-
nary examples of stream erosion.
Navajo Within the Navajo Indian reservation In
Arizona; includes a number of prehistoric cliff
dwellings and pueblo ruins new to science.
Oregon caves Within the Siskiyou national forest
in Oregon; caves are of natural formation and of
unusual scientific interest and importance.
Petrified forest Deposits of fossilized or mineral-
ized wood in Gila and Apache counties, Arizona.
Pinnacles A scries of natural formations ot rock
with a number of caves underlying them; located
within Pinnacles national forest in California.
Rainbow bridge An extraordinary natural bridge
in southeastern Utah, having an arch which in
form and appearance is much like a rainbow; Is
309 feet high and 278 feet span; of scientific in-
tei-est as an example of eccentric stream erosion.
Shoshone cavern A cave in Big Horn county, Wy-
oming, of unknown extent, but of many wind-
ings and ramifications and containing vaulted
chambers of large size, magnificently decorated
with sparkling crystals and beautiful stalactites,
and containing pits of unknown depth.
Sitka Tract of anout flfttf-seven acres within pub-
lic park, near Sitka. Alaska; battle ground of
Russian conquest of Alaska in 1804; site of for-
mer village of Kiki-Siti tribe, the most warlike
of Alaska Indians; contains numerous totem
poles constructed by the Indians, recording the
genealogical history of their several clans.
Tonto Comprises two prehistoric ruins of ancient
cliff dwellings in Gila county, Arizona.
Tumacacori Ruin of an ancient Spanish mission of
brick, cement and mortar in Santa Cruz county,
Arizona.
Wheeler Volcanic formations illustrating erratic
erosion; in Rio Grande and Cochetopa national
forests ill southwestern Colorado.
PRINCIPAL SEAPORTS OF THE WORLD.
Vessel tonnage* movement In the foreign trade at
the principal ports of the world. From reports
compiled by the bureau of statistics, department
of commerce and labor, Washington, D. C.
Port. Year. Entered. Cleared.
Aden, Arabia 1907 3,233,827 3,229,380
Port.
Hull England
Year.
. . . 1908
Entered.
3,249,121
Cleared.
2,8lS.239
. . . 1908
5,333,826
7,973,123
11.194,073
6,773,130
53.1,200
4,401,173
1.357.948
2.683.875
5,118,699
826.220
2.017.854
12.528.723
1,439.092
2.274,625
1.920.167
1.251.920
3.377.451
8,595.314
1.476.110
905.596
2.407.039
4.332.018
*13.933.205
842.919
1.257.143
2.587.992
4.036.752
1.749.000
1.703.123
639,775
5,226.076
6.901,594
8,487.841
6,785.000
196,419
4.418.616
1.361.689
2.685,269
5,190,967
1,170,423
2,168,816
11,866.413
1,407,157
2.225.386
2,068.524
1.323.283
3.362.052
8.002.307
1,477,648
868.937
2.390.733
4,090,027
' 75o!i29
1.238.718
2.493.433
4.027.000
1.720,000
1,755.341
639,156
...1908
London England
...1908
Marseilles, France
...1907
Alexandria, Egypt 1908 3,535,164 3,552,483
Melbourne Australia
...1908
Antwerp Belgium 1908 11 044 361 11 084 004
1908
Baltimore Md 1909 1,102,479 1,102,226
Montreal, Canada
...1909
Barcelona Spain 1907 1,932,467 1,444,923
...1908
Bilbao, Spain 1907 2,389,109 2,248,632
...1907
Bombay, India 1907 1,780,944 1,505,789
Newcastle, Australia....
...1908
Bordeaux, France 1907 1,342,303 1,312,117
Boston Mass ... 1909 2852016 1981,812
New Orleans. La
New York N Y
. . .1909
1909
Bremen Germany 1908 1,190,612 1,132,781
Odessa, Russia
Philadelphia, Pa
...1907
...1909
Bremerhaven, Germany 1908 2,038,973 1,964.920
Buenos Aires, Arg. Rep. ...1907 4,743,585 3,983,133
Calcutta India .. .. 1907 1,618,390 1,492,191
Puget Sound. Wash
...1909
Riga Russia
...1907
CapoTown, Cape Good Hopel908 1,709.062 1,600,824
Cardiff, Wales 1908 6,027,897 8,850,000
Rio de Janeiro. Brazil..
Rotterdam, Holland
...1907
...1908
Colombo Ceylon 1908 6,527,286 6,543,62,5
Constantinople, Turkey.... 1907 *14,985.000
Copenhagen. Denmark 1907 2,984,000 3,198.000
Dunkirk. France 1907 1,705.520 1,935,469
Galveston, Texas 1909 1.094.400 1,339,337
St. Petersburg, Russia.
San Francisco. Cal
Santos, Brazil
Shanghai, China
Singapore, Straits Sts. .
Sydney, Australia
...1907
...1909
...1907
...1906
...1908
...1908
...1908
Genoa, Italy 1907 5,469.397 5,234.215
Gibraltar 1908 4 586 142 4 5iO 859
Glasgow, Scotland 1908 1,944,520 J,118.366
Hambur" Germany 1908 10 895 113 10 75fi 913
Trifste Austria
...1908
Valetta Malta
1908
Havana, 'Cuba 1908 4.250,095 4.223.979
Havre, France 1907 3,318,:6 3.163.8S3
Hongkong (Victoria).... 1908 10,042,992 10.fl3S.857
*Total entere
Valparaiso, Chile
Verti Cruz, Mexico
Vladivostok, Russia
...1905
...1908
. . . 1907
1 and cleared.
DISTANCE
[From
Height, Dist.,
feet, miles.
5
10
15
20
25
30
85
40
45
50
2.96
4.18
5.12
5.92
6.61
7.25
7.83
S.37
8.87
9.35
"List of
Lights f
ind Fog
Height,
Dist.,
Height,
feet.
miles.
feet.
70
11.07
250
75
11.46
300
80
11.83
350
85
12.20
400
90
12.55
450
95
12.89
500
100
13.23
550
110
13.87
600
120
14.49
650
130
15.08
700
OF VISIBILITY OF OBJECTS ON THE LAKES.
nd Fog Signals" issued by the United States lighthouse board.]
Dist.,
miles.
20.92
22.91
24.75
26.46
28.06
29.58
31.02
32.40
33.73
35.00
Height, Dist.,
feet, miles.
55 9.81
60 10.25
65 10.67
Height,
feet.
140
150
200
Dist.. Height,
feet.
800
900
1,000
miles.
15.65
16.20
18.71
Dist.,
miles.
37.42
39.69
41.88
The distances of visibility given in the above
t.ible are those from which an object niay be seen
by an observer whose eye is at the lake level;
In practice, therefore, it is necessary to add to
these a distance of visibility corresponding to the
height of the observer's eye above lake level.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
89
ELECTION CALENDAR.
GENERAL STATE ELECTIONS.
(Gubernatorial If not otherwise specified.)
Alabama Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3,
1914.
Arkansas Biennially; second Tuesday in Septem-
ber. Next election Sept. 10, 1912.
California Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
3, 1914.
Colorado Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Connecticut State officers, except attorney-general,
biennially; attorney-general quadrennially. Next
election Nov. 5, 1912.
Delaware- Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
B. 1912.
Florida Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 5,
1912.
Georgia Biennially, first Monday in October. Next
election Oct. 7, 1912.
Idaho Biennially. Next" election Nov. 5, 1912.
Illinois Governor, lieutenant-governor, secretary of
state, auditor and attorues'-general every fourth
year. Next election Nov-. 5, 1912. State treasurer
biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Indiana Governor, every fourth year. Next elec-
tion Nov. 5, 1912. Other state officers biennially.
Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Iowa Governor, lieutenant-governor, superintendent
of instruction, one justice of the Supreme court
anil one railroad commissioner biennially. Next
election Nov. 5, 1912. Other state officers bienni-
ally in the alternate years. Next election Nov.
7. 1911.
Kansas Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Kentucky Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
7, 1911.
Louisiana Every fourth year; third Tuesday in
April. Next election April 16, 1912.
Maine Biennially; second Monday in September.
Next election Sept. 9, 1912.
Maryland Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
7, 1911.
Massachusetts Annually. Next election Nov. 7,
nil.
Michigan Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Minnesota Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Mississippi Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
7. 1911.
Missouri Principal state officers every fourth year.
Next election of governor, lieutenant-governor,
secretary of state, auditor, treasurer and attor-
ney-general Nov. 5, 1912.
Montana Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 5,
1912.
Nebraska Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Nevada Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 3,
1014.
New Hampshire Biennially. Next election Nov. 5,
1912.
New Jersey Governor every third year, other offi-
cers appointed. Next election Nov. 4, 1913.
New York Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
North Carolina Every fourth year. Next election
Nov. 5, 1912.
North Dakota Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Ohio Governor, lieutenant-governor, state treasurer
and attorney-general biennially. Next election
Nov. 8, 1911. Secretary of state and dairy and
food commissioner biennially. Next election Nov.
5, 1912. Auditor every fourth year. Next elec-
tion Nov. 7, 1911.
Oklahoma Every three years. Next election Nov. 4,
1913.
Oregon Every fourth year: first Monday in June.
Next election June 1, 1914.
Pennsylvania Governor, lieutenant-governor and
secretary of internal affairs every fourth year.
Next olertion Nev. 3, 1914. State treasurer bien-
nlnily. Next election Nov. 7, 1911. Other officials
appointed.
Rhode Island Annually. Next election Nov. 7, 1911.
South Carolina Biennially. Next election Nov. 5,
1912.
fouth Dakota Biennially. Next election Nov. 5,
1912.
Tennessee Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Texas Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Utah -Every fourth year. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Vermont Biennially; first Tuesday in September.
Next election Sept. 3, 1912.
Virginia Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
4, 1913.
Washington Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
5, 1912.
West Virginia Every fourth year. Next election
Nov. 5, 1912.
Wisconsin Biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Wyoming Every fourth year. Next election Nov.
3, 1914.
CHICAGO, COOK COUNTY AND ILLINOIS.
FIRST TUESDAY IN Al'lUL.
Aldermen in Chicago (one from each ward) annu-
ally. Next election April 4. 1911.
Mayor quadrennially, treasurer and city clerk bi-
ennially. Next election of mayor April 4, 1911;
of treasurer and city clerk April 4, 1911.
Town officers, officers In cities containing one or
more towns and officers in villages whose bound-
aries coincide with the boundaries of a town, an-
nually. Next election April 4, 1911.
THIBD TUESDAY IN APRIL.
Officers of cities organized under the general law
(except such as contain within their limits one
or more townships) annually. Next election April
18, 1911.
Officers of villages organized under the general law
(except where territorial limits coincide with the
territorial limits of a township) annually. Next
election April 18, 1911.
FIRST MONDAY IN JUNE.
Judges of the Circuit court (fourteen in Cook county)
every sixth year, counting from 1873. Next elec-
tion in 1915.
One judge of the Superior court of Cook county
every sixth year, counting from 1897. Next elec-
tion in 1915.
Judges of the Supreme court of the state, 5th dis-
trict, every ninth year, counting from 1873 (next
election In 1918) . from the 4th district every
ninth year, courting from 1876 (next election in
1912); from the 1st. 2d, 3d. 6th and 7th districts
every ninth year, counting from 1879 (next elec-
tion in 1915).
FIRST TUESDAY AFTER FIRST MONDAY IN NOVEMBER.
Presidential electors, governor, lieutenant-governor,
secretary of state, auditor, attorney-general, state
senators in even-numbered districts, members of
the state board of equalization, clerk of the Su-
perior court and recorder of deeds in Cook
county, clerks of the Circuit courts, state's at-
torneys, county surveyors and county coroners
every fourth year, counting from 1872. Next elec-
tion Nov. 5, 1912.
State treasurer, representatives in congress, repre-
sentatives in the general assembly and three
trustees of the University of Illinois every sec-
ond year, counting from 1872. Next election NOT.
5. 1912.
Clerk of the state Supreme court every sixth year,
counting from 1902. Next election Nov. 3. 191i.
Clerks of the Appellate courts every sixth year,
counting from 1878. Next election Nov. 3. 1914.
Clerk of Criminal court every fourth year, count-
ing from 1886. Next election Nov. 3, 1914.
Superintendent of public Instruction, state senators
in odd-numbered districts, clerk of the Criminal
court In Cook county, county clerks, county
judges, county treasurers, county superintendents
of schools and sin riffs every fourth year, count-
Ing from 1874. Next election Nov. 3. 1914.
President and fifteen members of the Cook county
board biennially. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Five members of the board of assessors in Cook
90
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
county every second year as terms (six years)
expire. Two will be elected Nov. 5, 1912.
Three members of the board of review In Cook
county every second year as terms (six years)
expire. Next election Nov. 5, 1912.
Eleven judges of the Superior court of Cook county
as terms (six years) expire. Four will be elected
Nov. 7, 1911, one in 1913 and six in 1916.
Nine sanitary district trustees in Cook county as
terms expire. Three are elected every other year.
Next election Nov. 5, 1912. Next president to be
elx:ted in 1916.
Twenty-seven judges, one chief justice, one clerk
and one bailiff of the Municipal court as terms
expire. Nine judges and the chief justice, clerk
and bailiff will be elected Nov. 5, 1912.
ELECTORAL VOTE BY STATES (1896-1908'.
STATE.
1908.
1904.
1900.
189G.
STATE.
1908.
1904.
1900.
1896.
tf
H
L
a"
Roose-
velt, R.
Q
|j?
i
i~
d'
oS
fcx
PQ"
CJ
9
H
3
a"
i .
T *-
5
p
*1
3
a
i
ll'
a
Alabama
Arkansas
11
11
H
A
11
8
1
4
Nevada
3
3
4
8
3
New Hampshire
4
4
4
California
10
"5'
10
5
7
9
4
8
New Jersey
New York
12
12
88
10
'-iti
10
7
fl
g
North Carolina
V
y
1 1
1
Delaware
8
3
S
North Dakota
I
4
;-(
i
Florida
(j
f>
4
4
13
8
Ohio
n
Georgia
Idaho.,
"y
U
"V
13
13
Oklahoma
7
Oregon
4
4
4
4
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
27
15
18
10
'is'
q
27
15
13
10
'is'
q
24
15
13
10
'is'
8
24
15
13
'12
'io'
i
8
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
34
4
34
4
B
4
32
4
Sou th Carolina
9
q
q
9
12
15
3
South Dakota
4
^
4
Tennessee.
1?
ii
12
Texas
IS
18
U
Maine
1?
i
g
H
Utah
i
i
8
2
1(5
14
11
6
in
i
Ki
14
11
7
iii
8
15
14
9
8
4
4
4
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
' 'q'
15
14
9
'9
17
3
8
Virginia
"V
12
12
"4
12
12
4
West Virginia
7
7
i
6
Wisconsin
Wyoming
13
3
13
8
12
12
"'3
171
Missouri,
18
18
17
Montana
g
S
R
Total
m
its
m
140
va
153
271
Nebraska
8
8
8
Amherst Purple and white.
Beloit Old gold.
Bowdoin White.
Brown Brown and white.
Columbia Light blue and white.
Cornell Carnelian and white
Dartmouth Green.
Harvard Crimson.
Indiana Crimson and cream.
Iowa Scarlet and black.
Iowa State Cardinal and gold.
Johns Hopkins Black and old gold.
Lake Forest Red and black.
Leland Stanford Cardinal.
Northwestern Royal purple.
COLLEGE COLORS.
Oberlin Crimson and gold.
Princeton Orange and black.
Purdue Old gold and black.
University of Chicago Maroon.
University of Illinois Orange and navy bine.
University of Michigan Maize and blue.
University of Minnesota Old gold and maroon.
University of Notre Dame Gold and -blue.
University of Pennsylvania Red and blue.
University of Rochester Dandelion yellow.
University of Wisconsin Cardinal.
Vassar Rose and gray.
Williams Royal purple.
Yale Blue.
Austin Red and white.
Bowen, James H. Purple and
gold.
Calumet Maroon and light blue.
Carl Schurz Purple and gold.
Crane, Richard T. Crimson and
royal blue.
Curtis, George W. Red and green.
CHICAGO HIGH SCHOOL COLOBS.
Englewood Purple and white.
Farragut Red and white.
Hyde Park Blue and white.
Jefferson Purple ani gold.
Lake Old blue and gold.
Lake View Red and white.
Lane Technical Myrtle green and
old gold.
Marshall Maroon and old gold.
McKinley Orange and black.
Medill Maroon and white.
Phillips. Wendell Red and black.
South Chicago Purple and gold.
Tuley Old gold and blue.
Waller, Robert A. Royal blue
and yellow.
UNITED STATES LIGHTHOUSE ESTABLISHMENT
[From report of light-house board for the year 1909.]
There are under control of the United States
lighthouse establishment the following aids to nav-
igation :
lighthouses and beacon lights 1,580
Light vessels in position 53
Light vessels for relief 12
Gas-lighted buoys . 162
Fog signals 505
Post lights, about 2,333
Day marks 1,063
Buoys on station 5,810
There are 3,137 light keepers, assistant keepers
and laborers attending lights and 2,062 other em-
ployes connected with the service. The main items
of regular expenses in 1909 were as follows:
Supplies of Mghthouses $553, 96S
Repairs of lighthouses 745,695
Salaries of Keepers 1,063,342
Expenses of light vessels 678,672
Expenses of buoyage 564,871
Elxpenses of fog signals 175,299
Lighting of rivers 346,449
There are, of course, many other items of ex-
pense not enumerated in this list, such as for new
lighthouse sites and new undertakings of various
kinds. The total expense in 1909 was $6,183,608.18.
The executive members of the lighthouse board
in 1909 were: Capt. Adolph Marix, U. S. N.; Capt.
H. T. Mayo, U. S. N.; LJeut.-Col. Thomas L.
Casey, U. S. A. The secretary of commerce and
labor is ex-offlcio president of the board.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK VOR 1911.
01
LEGAL HOLIDAYS IN THE UNITED STATES.
Alabama Jan. 1 ; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday) ; Feb.
22 ; Mardi Gras (the day before Ash Wednesday,
first day of Lent); Good Friday (the Friday
before Easter) ; April 26 (Confederate Memorial
day); June 3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday); July
4; Labor day (first Monday in September);
Thanksgiving day (last Thursday in November);
Dec 25
Alaska Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30 (Memorial day);
July 4; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Arizona Jan. 1 ; Arbor day (first Monday In Feb-
ruary); Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; general elec-
tion day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Arkansas Jan. 1. Feb. 22 ; July 4 ; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
California Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ;
Sept. 9 (Admission day) ; Labor day (first Mon-
day in September) ; general election day In No-
vember ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Colorado Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; Arbor and School day
(third Friday in April); May 30; July 4; first
Monday in September ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25 ; every Saturday aft-
ernoon from June 1 to Aug. 31 in the city of
Denver.
Connecticut Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birth-
day) ; Feb. 22; Good Friday; May 30; July 4;
Labor day (first Monday in September) ; Thanks-
giving day ; Dec. 25.
Delaware Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4 ; first Monday in September ; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
District of Columbia Jan. 1; Feb. 22; March 4
(Inauguration day) : May 30; July 4; first Mon-
day in September; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Florida Jan. 1 ; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday) ; Arbor
day (first Friday in February); Feb. 22; April
26 (Confederate Memorial day) ; June 3 (Jeffer-
son Davis" birthday) ; July 4 ; first Monday In
September ; Thanksgiving day ; general election
day; Dec. 25.
Georgia Jan. 1 ; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday) ; Feb.
22; April 26 (Confederate Memorial day); June
3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday) ; July 4 ; first
Monday in September ; Thanksgiving day ; Arbor
day (first Friday in December) ; Dec. 25.
Idaho Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; Arbor day (first Friday
after May 1 ) ; July 4 ; first Monday in Septem-
ber ; general election day ; Thanksgiving day ;
Dec. 25.
Illinois Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birthday) ;
?eb. 22; May 30; July 4: Labor day (first Mon-
day in September) ; Oct. 12 (Columbus day) ;
general, state, county and city election days ;
Saturday afternoons ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec.
25 ; Arbor, Bird and Flag days are appointed by
the governor.
Indiana Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; first
Monday In September ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Indian Territory July 4 ; Dec. 25.
Iowa Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ; first
Monday in September ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Kansas The only holidays by statute are Feb.
12 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; Labor day (first Mon-
day in September) and Arbor day ; but the "days
commonly observed in other states are holidays
by common consent.
Kentucky Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; first Monday
In September ; Thanksgiving day ; general elec-
tion day ; Dec. 25.
Louisiana Jan. 1; Jan. 8 (anniversary of the bat-
tle of New Orleans) ; Feb. 22; Mardi Gras (day
before Ash Wednesday) ; Good Friday (Friday
before Easter); April 26 (Confederate Memorial
day) ; July 4; Nov. 1 (All Saints' day) ; general
election day ; fourth Saturday In November ( La-
bor day, in the parish of New Orleans only) ;
Dec. 25 ; every Saturday afternoon in New Or-
leans.
Maine Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; Good Friday ; May 30 ;
July 4; Labor day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Maryland Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ;
first Monday in September; Sept. 12 (Defenders'
day); general election day; Dec. 25; every Sat-
urday afternoon.
Massachusetts Feb. 22; April 19 (Patriots' day);
May 30; July 4; first Monday in September;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Michigan Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ; first
Monday in September ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec.
Minnesota Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; Good Fri-
day (Friday before Easter); May 30; July 4;
first Monday in' September; Thanksgiving day;
general election day ; Dec. 25 ; Arbor day (aa
appointed by the governor).
Mississippi First Monday in September; by com-
mon consent July 4, Thanksgiving day and Dec.
25 are observed as holidays.
Missouri Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; La-
bor day ; general election day ; Thanksgiving day ;
Dec. 25 ; every Saturday afternoon in cities of
100,000 or more inhabitants.
Montana Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Arbor day (third
Tuesday in April); May 30; July 4; first Mon-
day in September; general election day; Thanks-
giving day ; Dec. 25 ; any day appointed by the
governor as a fast day.
Nebraska Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Arbor day (April
22); May 30; July 4; first Monday in Septem-
ber ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Nevada Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; July 4 ; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
New Hampshire Feb. 22 ; fast day appointed by
the governor ; May 30 ; July 4 ; first Monday In
September ; Thanksgiving day ; general election
day ; Dec. 25.
New Jersey Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4 ; first Monday in September ; general elec-
tion day ; Thanksgiving and fast days, and every
Saturday afternoon.
New Mexico Jan. 1 ; July 4 ; Thanksgiving and
fast days; Dec. 25; Decoration, Labor and Ar-
bor days appointed by the governor.
New York Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4 ; first Monday in September ; general elec-
tion day ; Thanksgiving and fast days ; Dec. 25 ;
every Saturday afternoon.
North Carolina Jan. 1 ; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday) ;
May 10 (Confederate Memorial day); May 20
(anniversary of the signing of the Mecklenburg
declaration of independence) ; July 4; state elec-
tion day in August ; first Thursday in Septem-
ber (Labor day); Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25;
every Saturday afternoon.
North Dakota Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 ; Feb. 22 ; May
30; July 4; Arbor day (when appointed by the
governor) ; general election day ; Thanksgiving
ay ; Dec. 25.
Ohio Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ; first
Monday in September ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 2o; every Saturday aft-
ernoon In cities of 50,000 or more inhabitants.
Oklahoma Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ; gen-
eral election day ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Oregon Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; first Saturday
in June ; July 4 ; first Monday in September ; gen-
eral election day; Thanksgiving day; public fast
day; Dec. 25.
Pennsylvania Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ;
Good Friday ; July 4 ; first Monday in Septem-
ber ; general election day ; Thanksgiving day ;
Dec. 25 ; every Saturday afternoon.
Philippines Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Thursday and Fri-
day of Holy week ; July 4 ; Aug. 13 ; Thanksgiv-
ing day; Dec. 25; Dec. 30.
Porto Rico Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; Good Friday ; May
30; July 4; July 25 (Landing day) ; Thanksgiv-
ing day ; Dec. 25.
Rhode Island Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; second Friday In
May (Arbor day) ; May 30; July 4 ; first Monday
In September ; general election day ; Thanksgiv-
ing day ; Dec. 25.
South Carolina Jan. 1 ; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday) ;
Feb. 22; May 10 (Confederate Memorial day);
June 3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday) : general elec-
tion day ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25. 26, 27.
South Dakota Same ns in North Dakota.
Tennessee Jan. 1; Oood Friday; May 30; July 4;
first Monday In September ; general election day ;.
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25; every Saturday after-
noon.
Texas Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 (Arbor day) ; March 2
(anniversary of Texas independence) ; April 21
92
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOB 1911.
(anniversary of battle of San Jacinto) ; July 4 ;
first Monday in September ; general election day ;
appointed fast days ; Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Utah Jan. 1; Feb. 22; April 15 (Arbor day);
May 30; July 4; July 24 (Pioneer day); first
Monday in September ; Thanksgiving day and ap-
pointed fast days : Dec. 25.
Vermont Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ; Aug.
16 (Bennington Battle day); Labor day; Thanks-
giving day ; Dec. 25.
Virginia Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday); Feb.
22 ; July 4 ; first Monday in September ; Thanks-
fiving and appointed fast days ; Dec. 25 ; every
aturday afternoon.
Washington Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birth-
day) ; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; first Monday
in September ; general election day ; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
West Virginia Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May
30 ; July 4 ; Labor day ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day ; Dec. 25.
Wisconsin Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ; July 4 ;
first Monday in September ; general election day ;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Wyoming Jan. 1 ; Feb. 12 ; Feb. 22 ; May 30 ;
July 4 ; first Monday in September ; general elec-
tion day; Dec. 25.
The national holidays, such as July 4, New
Year's, etc., are such by general custom and ob-
servance and not because of congressional legisla-
tion. Congress has passed no laws establishing
holidays for the whole country. It has made La-
bor day a holiday in the District of Columbia, but
the law is of no effect elsewhere. -
DESTRUCTIVE FLOOD IN PARIS.
Paris, France, was visited by the most destruc-
tive flood in the history of the city between Jan.
?0 and Feb. 5, 1910. The Seine rose thirty-one feet
?ix Inches u'>ove the normal level tit Font Royal,
or nearly a foot higher than in 1615, the year of
the worst previous flood. The total damage to
property in the city and country was roughly esti-
mated at $200,000.000 and between 150,000 and
200,000 persons were made temporarily homeless.
Snows and long-continued rains had saturated the
valleys of the Maine and the Seine and the nar-
row channel of the latter river, which runs
through the heart of Paris, was unable to carry
awuy the immense volume of water poured into it.
The result was that the lower parts! of the city to
the extent of many square miles on each side of
tbe t-tream and several of the suburbs were inun-
dated, the houses in some instances being com-
pletely submerged. Few lives were lost, soldiers
and policemen rescuing those who were in peril.
The rise of the water was comparatively slow, al-
lowing nearly everybody not only to reach places of
safety but to save considerable personal property.
Much of the damage done was caused by the
backing up of the water in the sewers, flooding
cellars, destroying pavements and weakening the
foundations of buildings. In the Seine the water
rose almost to the roof of the bridge arches and the
danger of collapse was so great that eight of the
twenty-four bridges had to be temporarily closed
to traffic. The docks were badly washed out and
a great deal of property along the quays was car-
ried away. For a time it was feared that some
of the historic and monumental buildings of Paris,
such as the Louvre, the opera houae. Sainte Chap-
elle, Notre Dame cathedral and the Madeleine,
would be irreparably damaged, but fortunately this
did not prove to be the case. No art treasures of
any ' kind were lost. The basements of the public
building? on the Isle de la Cite were flooded and
the old Latin quarter and the Champs de Mars
were submerged. The Place de la Concorde and a
portion of the Champs Elysees were made impass-
able and one side of the Place de 1'Opera in the
very center of the city had to be roped off on ac-
count of the caving in of the sidewalk. The sink-
ing of pavements on account of the collapse of
sewers was common and many thoroughfares had
to be closed. A great part of the subway system
was put out of commission and transportation from
one part of the city to another was made even
more difficult by the flooding of many of the street-
car and omnibus routes. Railroad lines also suf-
fered severely and suburban traffic was brought
almost to a standstill. The St. Lazare station
could scarcely be approached, and only the Gare
du Nord was unaffected. This crippling of the
railroad communications made the bringing in of
provisions) difficult and for a few da3's the prospect
of famine prices for food was faced. Fortunately
the situation in this respect did not become se-
rious.
Electric and gas-lighting plants were interfered
with and the postal service was disorganized-
Telegraph lines were crippled in some directions,
but communication with the outside world was
kept open by means of roundabout lines. Some of
the hospitals were flooded to such an extent that
the patients had to be removed at the cost of
much suffering. Distress among those who were
compelled to leave their homes was great until
relief measures could be taken to provide food
and shelter. The Red Cross society, the Associa-
tion of French Women, the local and national
authorities and individuals worked energetically
and successfully to help the destitute, special at-
tention being given to women and children. By
Feb. 7 the contributions from foreign sources
amounted to more than $800,000 and this sum was
largely increased later on.
MEMBERS OF THE FRENCH ACADEMY.
Name. Elected.
Ollivier. Emlle. b. 1825 1870
Mezieres. Alfred, b. 1826 1874
Haussonville, Comte de, b.1843.1888
Claretie, Jules, b. 1840 1888
Freycinet, Charles de, b. 1828.. 1890
Lotl-Viaud. Pierre, b. 1850 1891
Lavisse, Ernest, b. 1842 1892
Thureau-Dangan, Paul, b. 1837.1893
Houssaye, Henri, b. 1848 1894
Bourget, Paul, b. 1852 1894
Lemaitre, Jules, b. 1853 1895
France. Anatole. b. 1844 1896
Mun, Albert, Comte de, b. 1841.1897
The Academie Francaise, or French academy,
was instituted in 1635. It is a part of the Insti-
tute of France and Its particular function is to
Name. Elected.
Hanotaux, Gabriel, b. 1853.... 1897
Lavedan, Henri, b. 1859 1898
Deschanel, Paul, b. 1856 1899
Hervieu, Paul, b. 1857 1899
Faguet. Emile. b. 1841 1900
Rostand, Edmond, b. 1868 1901
Vogue, Charles de, b. 1829.... 1901
Bazin. Rene. b. 1853 1903
Masson. Frederick, b. 1847.... 1903
Lamy, Etienne, b. 1845 1905
Barres. Maurice, b. 1862 1906
Ribot, Alexandre, b. 1842 1905
Donnay. Maurice, b. 1866 1907
conserve the French language,
and encourage genius.
Name. Elected.
Segur, Marquis Anatole de,
b. 1825 1907
Barboux, Henri, b. 1834 1907
Charmes, Francis, b. 1848 1908
Poincare, Henri, b. 1850 1908
Riehenin, Jean, b. 1849 1908
Doumlc, Rene, b. 1860 1909
Prevost, Marcel, b. 1862 1909
Aicard, Jean, b. 1848 1909
Brieux, Eugene, b. 1858 1909
Poincare, Raymond, b. 1850.. .1909
Duchesne, Mgr., b. 1848 1910
foster literature
WEIGHTS OF DIAMONDS AND FINENESS OF GOLD.
The weight of diamonds and other precious
tones is expressed in carats, grains and quarter-
giains. The grains are pearl grains, one of which
is equal to four-fifths of a troy grain. Four quar-
ter-grains make one grain and four grains make
one carat. A carat is therefore equal to four-
flftlis of four troy grains, or 3.2,
g
is
The fineness of gold Is also expressed In carats.
Pure gold is said to be twenty-four carats fine. If
It contains eight parts of a baser metal or alloy
It Is only sixteen carats fine. The carats therefore
Indicate the proportion of pure gold to alloy. Most
of the gold used by je,welers is about fourteen
(units fine, having ten parts of alloy.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
93
MERCHANT MARINE OF THE UNITED STATES.
[From the reports of the bureau of navigation.]
YKAK.
IN FOREIGN
THADE.
IN COASTWISE
TRADE.
WHALE
FISHERIES.
COD
AND
MACK-
KUKI.
FlSH-
KIUKS.
Total.
Annual
inc. (+)
or
<Jec.( )
Steam.
Total.
Steam.
Total.
Steam.
Total.
1860
1870
Tons.
97.296
192,544
Tons.
2,379,396
1,448,846
Tons.
770,641
882,551
Tons.
2.644.867
2.638.247
Tons.
Tons.
166.811
67,954
38.408
18,638
9,899
9,534
9.320
9,512
10,140
10,763
11,020
9.680
9,655
8,962
Tons.
162,764
91.4I50
77,538
68,367
51,629
62,444
66,633
57,532
57,603
60,342
61,439
57,047
53,515
50,208
Tons.
5,353,868
4,246.507
4.01,8,034
4,424.497
5.1K4.839
5.524,218
5.797,902
6.087,345
6,291,535
6,456,543
6,674,969
6,938,794
7,365,445
7,388,755
Per
cent.
-4.06
-2.41
-2.43
-2.71
-6.18
-6.98
-4.96
- 4.99
-3.25
-2.62
-il.38
-3.95
-6.16
-0.32
1880
1890
146,604
192,705
337.356
426,259
455,017
523.602
549.938
596,594
586,749
598,155
595,147
575.226
1,314,402
928.01)2
816,796
879,51)5
873,235
879,264
888,628
913.750
928.466
861,466
930,413
878,523
1.064.954
1.661.458
2.289,825
2.491.231
2.718.049
2.880.678
8,041.362
3.140.314
8,884,002
3.664.210
4,099,015
4,157,557
2,037,686
3,409,435
4.286,516
4.582,645
4,858.714
5,141,037
5,335.164
5,441,688
5,674,044
6,010.601
6.371.862
6,451.042
4,925
8,986
3.468
3.808
3.808
4,218
4,626
4,536
3,970
3.590
3,300
1900
1901
1902
1903
]<IOt
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
VESSELS BUILT IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From the reports of the bureau of navigation.]
YEAR.
NewRngland
coast.
On entire
seaboard.
Mississippi
and tribu-
taries.
On great
lakes.
Total.
Iggo
No.
208
199
201
225
203
170
193
146
106
151
130
Tons.
78,577
72,179
82,971
75,851
66,973
51,417
119,377
32,311
44,428
70,903
27,237
No.
756
1.107
1,094
1,197
1,038
878
823
850
815
1,034
866
Tons.
169,091
249.006
291,516
290,122
288.196
208,288
230.716
146.883
219,753
266,937
131.748
No.
104
215
311
161
150
187
178
167
165
207
207
Tons.
16,506
14.173
22,888
9,836
11,112
10,821
6,477
6,591
7,288
6,114
5.940
No.
191
125
175
133
123
119
101
204
177
216
174
Tons.
108,526
180,611
169,085
168,873
13o,844
159,433
93,123
265,271
244 291
341,165
100,402
No.
1.051
1,447
1,580
1.491
1,311
1,184
1,102
1,221
1,157
1,457
1.247
Tons.
294.123
31)3,790
4*1489
468,831
43^.152
878,542
3:50,316
418.745
471.332
614,216
238,090
iyoo .
1901 .
1902
1903
1904 ...
1905 ;
1806
1<J07
1908 .
190SI
DISASTERS TO SHIPPING.
On and near the coasts and on the rivers of the United States and American vessels at sea and on
the coasts of foreign countries.
YEAR.
Wrecks*
Lives
lost.
Loss on
vessels.
Loss on
cargoes.
YEAR.
Wrecks*
Lives
lost.
Loss on
vessels.
Loss on
cargoes.
1888
1889
1.534
1.526
1.470
1,475
1,556
1,481
1,653
1,496
1,892
1.206
1,191
553
656
556
4 IS
646
401
803
704
369
299
743
$6,811,440
9,578,195
7,653.480
li,034,(R5
7,386.675
7,763,995
8,576.885
7.530,540
6.485,595
6,442,175
10.72H.250
$3,571.290
2,446,605
2,172.595
2,593,010
2,577,870
2,003,855
-2,158,655
1,944,810
2,018.140
1.731,766
1,740,615
1899. . . .
1900
1,574
1,234
1,265
1,359
1,172
1.182
1,209
1,326
1,670
1,341
1,317
742
252
437
531
351
1,454
267
499
624
374
403
$8,932.835
7.186,990
6,965,100
8,824.820
6.820,790
7,011,775
8,187,500
10.089,610
13,709,915
9,555,825
9,239,690
$2,451,905
3,350,500
2,119.335
' 2,309,335
1,601,520
1.722,210
2,263,795
2,245,305
3,062.110
2,152,15*
3.323,225
1890
1901...
1891
1902....
1892
1903. . . .
1893
1904....
1894
1905. . . .
1895 . .
1906
1896
1907
1897
1908. . . .
1898
1909
*Total or partial.
CANALS IN THE UNITED STATES (1906).
[From census bureau report.]
Length Width (feet). Depth Locks
State and name.
Alabama Black Warrior 1889 91.00
Coosa 1888 25.00
1829
29 63 60
1847
9 00 150 1
)6 11
1900
34.00 244 1
i8 22
1894
2.00
2
1848
96 00 60
Illinois and Mississippi
Illinois (LaSalle-Grafton) .
1895
1889
4.50
227 00
7
7
1893
12 00
8 '
1877
12.00 250
5
Canalized rivers
1,520.40
. ... 1889
27 00
1889
213 00
5
1889
200 00
5
Louisville and Portland
1830
2.40 ....
12
Kouah ..
1896
29.50
6
(feet).
(No.).
Cost.*
6.5
7
$2,223,883
4
3
1,040,928
5
2
684,110
10
3
6,000,000
11
1
2,090,263
22
52,697,495
2
"i
100,000
8
18
9,194,498
7
3
547,230
7
4
2,963,706
8.5
1
130,000
5
3
138
4,666,889
42,886,978
6
3
1,091,108
5
7
661,635
5
11
2,798,922
12
4
5,856,230
6
1
104,899
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK Port isn.
State and name.
Louisiana Campany's
Length Width (feet). Depth
Op'd. (miles). Surf ace.Bottom. (feet)
1847 95.00 60 45 5.5
Locks
. (No.). Cost.*
1 snn nun
Harvey's
1830
5.35
70
65
6
1
400 000
New Basin
Old Basin
Maryland Chesapeake and Ohio
Michigan Lake Superior
St. Clair Flats
St. Mary's
New Jersey Delaware
1900
1835
, 1794
1850
1873
1889
1855
1838
7.00
7.50
7.00
185.00
7.75
1.19
1.60
66.00
100
100
60
68
120
'ieo
60
85
90
40
31
6
' 9
7
6
20
20
25
9
1
'is
"i
4
350,000
2,000,000
150,000
14,000,000
4,246,728
1,035,577
8,000,000
5,113,749
New York Black river
1836
1849
106.00
42.00
60
42
30
28
5
4
32
109
6,000,000
3.964,000
Champlain
Delaware and Hudson
Erie and branches
Oswego
North Carolina Fairfleld
1839
1822
1828
1825
1828
1868
24.77
81.00
9.00
355.13
38.00
4.00
70
60
50
70
70
26
56
35
30
56
56
26
7
6
7
7
7
7
10
23
10
72
18
2,232,632
65,000
65,402,033
6,161,793
60,000
1882
6.00
5
35 000
Ohio Miami
Muskingum
1835
1840
269.00
70.00
50
35
5
7
95
10
8,062,680
2 121 738
Ohio and branches
Oregon Columbia
1835
1889
326.00
4.50
40
26
4
8
144
2
7,904,971
3 816 394
Government canals
Portland General Electric
1873
78.19
0.75
75
55
6
12
5
26,524,588
750,000
Yamhill
1900
18.00
6
1
202,620
Pennsylvania Allegheny . .
Lehigh Coal ..
1903
1821
26.00
108.00
"44
'is
6
6
3
91
1,124,768
7,066,459
Monongahela
' 1888
89.00
5.4
12
3,954,466
Ohio
1885
36.50
6
6
4,668,561
Schuylkill
1826
89.88
58
40
6
65
11,018,875
South Carolina Congaree
1906
2.00
5
1
221,238
Esterville-Miaini
1906
5.00
90
6
172,175
Fenwick's Island
1906
0.33
90
7
50,000
Tennessee Cumberland
1889
76.50
6
3
2,232,637
Tennessee
1889
18.00
5
2
3,191,726
Texas Galveston
1853
29.50
37V 2
3
369,698
Morgan
1876
5.43
180
17
271,975
Morris
1873
9.00
100
60
8
125,000
Port Arthur .'....
1899
7.13
183
75
25
803,490
Virginia Albemarle
1860
14.00
80
45
10
1
1,151,849
Lake Drummond ,
1794
23.00
70
40
9
2
3,301,000
West Virginia Great Kanawha
1889
90.00
6
10
4,165,650
Little Kanawha
1889
48.00
....
4
5
519,107
Monongahela
1899
41.00
7
7
1,719,587
Wisconsin Fox
1856
160.40
6
27
3,149.295
Sturgeon bay
1881
1.36
160
21
504.596
Total
3,644.60
934
283,208,863
'Including
improvements, flncluded in
Erie.
NOTB The above list, it will be noted, includes a
number of canalized rivers, and does not include
canals completed since 1906.
THE HENNEPIN CANAL.
Preliminary surveys begun 1871.
Excavation begun 1892.
Work completed 1907.
Canal formally opened Oct. 24, 1907.
Length of main channel 75 miles.
Length of feeder 29.3 miles.
Total length 104 miles.
Depth 7 feet.
Width at bottom 52 feet.
Width at water line 80 feet.
Locks on main canal 32.
Locks on feeder 1.
Total cost $7,500,000.
The Hennepin, or, more comprehensively, the
Illinois and Mississippi canal, extends from the
Illinois river near Hennepin to the Mississippi
three miles below Rock Island. The navigable
feeder extends from Rock river at Sterling and
Rock Falls to the main line near Sheffield and la
of the same size and just as navigable as the
main line. Water is forced into it by a dam a
Quarter of a mile long at Sterling.
NEW YORK STATE BARGE CANAL.
Total length 442 miles.
Width From 122 to 160 feet.
Depth From 12 to 20 feet.
Locks 61.
Excavation 175,000,000 cubic yards.
Cost $101,000,000.
Work on the New York state barge canal, or sys-
tem of canals, according to estimates, will be com-
pleted in 1916. The main waterway will follow the
line of the present Erie canal in most places from
the Hudson river at Waterford. Saratoga county,
to Tonawanda and Lake Erie; another division will
connect the Hudson with Lake Clmmplain, while a
third branch will run from the main canal at
Three Rivers Point to Lake Ontario. The waterway
will be wide and deep enough to accommodate steam
barges with a maximum capacity of 1,800 tons each.
GREAT SHIP CANALS OF THE WORLD.
CANAL.
Open'd
L'ngth
Depth.
Wdth*
Cost.
Corinth (Greece)
Year.
1893
Miles.
4
Feet.
26 25
Feet.
72
15,000.000
Kronstadt-St. Petersburg ( Russia) ,
1890
16
20.50
220
10.000.000
Elbe and Trave (Germany)
1900
41
10
72
5,831.000
Kaiser Wilhelm (Germany)
1895
61
29.50
72
37.128,000
Manchester ship (England)...
1894
35.5
26
120
75.000.000
Sault Ste. Marie (U. S.)
1855
1.6
22
100
10.000.000
Sault Ste. Marie (Canada)
1896
i.n
20.25
142
2,791.873
Suez (Egypt)
1869
90
31
108
100 000 000
Welland (Canada)
1887
26.75
14
100
25.000.000
At the bottom.
CH'CAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
IMPORTS OF MERCHANDISE.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
ARTICLES IMPORTED.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
$4,777,458
91,527
672,934
""6.62i',877
9,530.767
$5,037,671
""55.552
700,772
8,849,068
$7,839,670
1,432
45830
503.98S
21.088.720
1,122,085
712,551
2,851,416
985,638
1,230.471
1,067.911
798.385
8,500.579
3.111.872
1.732.200
1.055.645
002,833
90.'.I64 2 ! I
1,682,774
8,046,llb
176443
644,374
Ore, regulusor metal Ibs
Art works
4.310,767
1.L15.800
566,506
2,500.134
3,797.1(8
Asbestos, unmanufactured tons
""iii',482
1,046
41,176
128,050
MM
1,021.390
606,091
2,905,391
773,743
611,085
777,357
470.500
9,454,414
47.510
146,371
1,473
Automobiles No.
Parts of
490,905
542,812
733.798
427,496
7,138,214
Bones, unmanufactured
Brass, for remanuf acture Ibs
2,640,258
3,731,150
6,504,212
2,614,783
2,090,157
1,681,640
652,961
1,973,472
74,642,945
715,131
1,680,100
471,133
2,451,009
2,884,372
2,583,482
1,430,321
766,901
712.628
80,599,808
339.795
1,715,078
468,51)7
2.0S8.034
3.498.480
14.850.328
372,195
79,112,129
6,538,597
2,159,191
29.271.S14
2,016,551
1.025,639
13,622,802
62.010.286
4.761,116
19.313.585
29,373,070
9,809.028
11.660,084
5.995,599
29,748.353
49,312.392
12,333.596
31,110,683
11,653,586
9,432.993
5,262,190
1,246,054
3,750,524
5,403,044
78,487.324
1.301,956
1,337,099
4.542.657
64,710.370
1.463,589
2,711,691
22.439,787
2,077,500
609,062
816,001
725,873
4,617,716
13,933,134
1,243,657
1,581,815
3,29U.5T>7
8.968.SOS
6.S07.357
J. 243,856
2,544.222
1.894,810
18,237,706
1,689,090
3,638.034
5,626,624
903,705
17,259,195
1,425.613
964,123
1,942,906
1,766,168
1,463,717
731,795
4,698,033
428,121
3,992,520
673,437,777
""2',756',452
243,847
192,374,732
'"1,519,673
252,838
163.101,780
Chemicals, drugs and dyes
1,291.300
287,12b
279.372
I,919,6tl8
701.852
1,869.102
4.460.919
11,376.061
316.118
69.191.353
6,515,313
2,757.192
30.887.841
3.152.280
1.619.111
16.810.138
6(1,473, 143
10.232,'XH
29.540.07 4
47.7911.801
11,021.126
ll.992.tt'>;}
8.371.883
32,418,S39
67,624.245
13.835,968
37.423,827
15.589.258
11.008.386
6,553.764
1,165.534
6,019.476
7,950,530
112,247,836
1,605,432
1,499,354
5.090,2!)4
106,8t;i,496
1,234.914
6.763,394
38,502,457
1.597,268
1.101,924
1,576,023
1,584,295
3,915,252
16,865,937
1.592,073
1,926.714
2,424,759
11.043,454
10.099.079
1,347,862
H,618,746
1.834,640
24.299,589
1,914.985
6.20fi,877
6.033,075
1,920,801
17,536,755
1,214.792
1.040.750
2,348.079
2.809.2I10
1,894.266
1,058,C47
4,361,237
395,963
Watches and parts of
""l',624,79i
108,668,070
1,107.203
871,469.016
898.172
26.949
247,996,570
1,981,467
82.831,242
1,016,990
890.tUO.057
271,017
5,123,862
14.257,250
311,661
67,688,106
7,057,060
1,227,858
129,854.749
1.287,109
1,049,868,768
320,217
28,276
220,853,988
Coffee Ibs
Copper Ore tons
145,033,236
24,361.902
2,092.732
Cork, wood or bark
Manufactures of
"n,072,855
2.156,274
14.1T2.241
68.379.781
4.452.320
9.312,095
16,7U,137
13,427,969
10.755,954
4,970,461
35,493,083
54.467.572
12,179 095
"S&si&oU
"86,037',69i
Manufactures of
Diamonds, uncut
Cut but not set
Total diamonds, precious stones, etc
Earthen, stone and china ware
Leathers, natural and artificial.
Fertilizers ;
Fibers Unmanulactured tons
303,484
845,445
306,431
Manufactures of
Fish
Fruits and nuts
37,354,742
Furs Undressed
9,580,323
6,337,826
6,570,123
774.249
2,770,658
Manufactures of
Glass and glassware
Grease and oils (free)
Hair, unmanufactured
Hats, bonnets, etc., and materials for
4,852,548
54.770,13*;
1,265,382
444',554,325
"608,619.628
Hides and skins Ibs
282,764,925
Hide cuttings, raw
Hops Ibs
8,493,265
""m,378
"'37i'.344
14.536.288
1,989.261
4,446,187
39,250.088
2,050,135
2,949.462
27,607,909
1,148,620
375,535
946.402
126.515
4,453,355
14,127,347
1.773,018
1,585,152
4,333.044
8,757,320
6.768,637
1,400,213
2,391,140
2,102,313
16.886.481
1,738,257
3.675.926
6,036,693
7,386,574
'"1,015,647
""766,726
20,002,909
3,200,560
'"i38i',676
692.476
27,066,716
Household goods, etc
India rubber Unmanufactured
Manufactures of
Iron Ore tons
Iron and steel, manufactures of
Ivory A nimal Ibs
Vegetable .Ibs
Jewelry
Other manufactures of gold and silver
Lead and manufactures of .>, . . . . Ibs
194,962.047
""218,494
"5l',H4.ii2
231,926,416
""165,061
"43,435',748
"6,306,329
210,853,263
Leather and manufactures of
Manganese, ore and oxide tons
237,037
"33,578,542
"4,848,6i5
Marble and stone
Matting and mats sq yds
Meat and dairy products
Musical Instruments
Oil cloths ,.. MI vils
6,114,568
Oils of all kinds
Paints, pigments and colors
Books and other printed matter
"37,055,628
' 92,9ii',5i4
18,259,751
1,120,3%
1,032,285
2.003,973
1,645,844
1,206,016
612,971
4,798,553
480,4(18
Perfumeries, cosmetics, etc
Plants, trees, shrubs, etc
Platinum ot
'"54,768
13,398
48,871
212,783,392
354,42(1.565
""88.327
15,992
66,113
222,900.422
274,455,157
118,860
21,696
80.210
225.400.54J
296^200273
Plumbago tons
Quebracn wood tons
Rice, rice flour Ibs
Salt Ibs
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
IMPORTS OF MERCHANDISE CONTINUED.
ARTICLES IMPORTED.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Shells, unmanufactured
Silk Unmanufactured
Manufactures of
Soap
1,132.515
64,546,611
32,967,874
761,745
3,591,537
3,464,671
6.400,606
10,746,527
5.958.019
1.889,765
79,899.655
30.718.582
990.138
5,348,606
3.215,407
7,676,825
12 276 613
14.693.776
1.827.199
67.115.177
32.888.459
746.721
3.483.459
3.263.953
7.112.887
13.007.293
106.349.005
2.626.705
13.671.946
30.869.532
27,751.279
4.082.582
6.585.781
8.273,571
51.422.504
51.220.844
23.5152,175
42,124,812
7,525,106
3,956,908
78.201,943
6,90f,105
4,787,325
43,793.258
7,312.748
4.382,067
Distilled K^ls
Wines
Sugar Ibs
3,371,997,112
713.788
94.149,564
77,296,059
32.056,043
80,258,147
$2,687.626
16.309.870
25,295,061
22.870,328
4,397,585
4.189,421,618
661.269
114.916.520
91,122,372
41,736,098
9fi.554.99S
3.462.213
1S.562.I~6
2t),007.216
25.400.919
3.685180
4.094,545,936
729.502
85,626,370
101,134.508
46,838.330
Tea... Ibs
Tin Ibs
Tobacco Lieaf Ibs
Manufactures of
Toys
7.206.423
4,869,097
Vegetables
8,289,068
12,999.797
Wood and manufactures of
43.527,982
211664,938
19,387.978
43.690,427
45.171,994
18.102,461
Wool Unmanufactured Ibs
125,960,524
266,409,304
263,939,584
Manufactures of
Total value merchandise*
525,603.308
668,738.484
599.556.639
712,363.585
756,161,396
801,658.592
( nut.
Total value imports*
1,194.341.792
1,311,920.224
1,557.819,963
Includes all articles specified and unspecified in above table.
EXPORTS OF DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
ARTICLES EXPORTED.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Agricultural implements
Animals Cattle. ...No.
""S49',2i6
30,818
19,000
6,609
101,000
$24.344,398
29,339,134
307,202
2,612,587
990.667
589,285
110,489
'"287^2
18,655
21,616
3,432
67,656
$25.694,184
18.046,976
144,605
3,386,617
472,017
365,155
114.122
"'139,430
4.410
28,910
4,512
44,517
$28,124,033
12,200.154
46,955
4,081,157
614.094
209,000
158.756
Hogs No.
Horses No.
Mules No.
Sheep No.
Allother
Total animals, including fowls
34,101,2S
22,645,43
17.447,735
1.065,695
4,355,561
3,052,527
767.151
103,138
25.427,993
1,147,568
794.367
521.658
168.666
15.240
47.806.598
47,621.467
Art works
549.407
3.701,871
3,205,528
766,170
94.638
33,942,197
2,053,447
624,5*59
705.853
2,184,335
16,521
99.736,767
64,170,508
494.50!)
3,510,276
4,672.166
710.687
137,413
25,194,466
1,549.010
804,759
516,524
1,049,809
14,600
68,094,447
51,157.366
Brass
'"6,5861393
12,606,614
186.702
35,853,412
452.907
1,510.320
14.822.944
1,272,559
3,857
66,923,244
10,521.161
""4,3U'.566
13,064,693
158,160
36.802.374
331,531
1,685.474
15,538,535
219.756
3,751
46,679,876
9,040.987
Breadstuffs Barley bu
4,349,078
13,052.074
116,127
52,445,800
654,515
1,158,622
24,484,199
2,419,958
4,105
100,371.057
13,927,247
Bread and biscuit Ibs
Corn bn
Cornmeal brlB
Oats bu
Oatmeal Ibs
Rye bn
Rye flour brls
Wheat bu
Wheat flour brls
Total breadstuffs (all kinds)
215,260.588
713.911
22,072.902
551,643
1,470,317
20,873,155
2,848,725
39.355,759
2,718,385
4.314,020
474,451
1.808.131
104,064.580
437,788,202
25,177,758
159,929,221
795,999
15,392,817
587,859
1,143,657
19.131,811
2,517,332
37.316.795
2,752,275
3,729,840
155,776
1,417,791
85,290.186
417.390,665
Jl.878.566
1,656,384
133,191,330
1,341,273
20,630.859
1,189.080
2,292.376
21,415.935
2,588.931
40,512,546
3,077.372
5,703 786
196,348
1.304.887
88,004.397
450,447,243
33,397,097
1,746,260
901,53-
1,260.486
3.352,663
8,700,640
5,088,484
439.045
9,652.088
18.885.654
14.501,635
2,805401
3,415.220
261,756
4,612.426
1,142,845
1.070.907
Cars, automobiles, cycles, etc
945,421
827,971
' '11,888,0$
765,532
28,630.278
986,100
71,200
t44V,985.202
1,715,169
"l3367',072
872,013
45,514,438
1,210,886
51,445
3,206' 708,226
Coal tons
12,722.735
763.809
35,356,109
4,301,029
81,465
Coke tons
Coffee Green Ibs
Roasted Ibs
Copper Ore tons
Manufactures of
3.816,998,693
Manufactures of
Earthen, stone and china ware
Eggs doz
7,590,977
1,145,679
1,540,014
3,705.517
"6,207.151
803,635
1.199,522
3,478,714
9,283,416
5,431.890
560.814
6.113,052
10.568,080
9,207,770
2,173,193
2.346,089
244.Y51
4,814.901
968.749
1,147,753
5,325,936
1,222,951
10,970.931
4,982.324
710.905
1,105,367
1,020,587
Fibers, bass, cordage, twine
All other. .
Fish
5.685.916
14,338,864
Furs and fur skins
7,712,8901
2,505,417
Glucose and grape sugar Ibs
129,686,834
2,917.173
2,540,640
289,441
5,762,709
1,165,475
1,4(8,010
112,224,504
2,340,426
149,820,088
2,488,205
Glue Ibs
Hair and manufactures of.
Hay tons
" -; n.28i
'"ei'.eii
55.007
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
97
EXPORTS OF DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE.-CONTlNrED.
ARTICLES EXPORTED.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
Quant's.
Values.
14.S50.454
22,920,480
1,536,225
2,903.167
7,573,570
11,578,010!
183.982,182
12,858.975
10,4,0.884
1,271,190
1.271.629
7,432.832
8,927,294
144,951 ,357
14,035,07o
10,589,254
1,738.216
2,062.140
10.175,634
12.535,643
179,133,186
Hops Ibs
India rubber, manufactures of
Instruments, scientific, etc
Iron and steel (except ore)
Jewelry
1,496,686
1,259,790
1,715.939
42,974,795
1,411,388
2,273,355
52,646.755
1.447.989
1.678,452
7,733,751
2,783,701
1,779,615
18.381,050
17,837,375
459,843
120,888
$4,421.844
43.301,156
6,887,738
213,477
14,655.052
599,548
627,669
4.503,339
1.030,031
1,361,833
785,771
441,017
1,023,033
Lamps, chandeliers, etc
Leather and manufactures of
1,827,216
40.088,019
Marble and stone
Meat and dairy products -Beef , canned.. .Ibs
Beef, fresh Ibs
'"23,376,447
201,154,105
47.898,067
91.:97,5J7
241, J 89,9! !9
221,1 69,034
4,157,022
16,3V4,4<>8
149,505.93?
603.413,770
73,181,210
1,185,040
215,479,532
1,248.990
2,467,875
20,339.377
3,319,950
5 399,219
25,481,240
25.107,059
532,442
1,551,450
113,332,634
54,789.748
6,035,318
117,088
19,578,222
881,792
909,472
3,959,384
1.265,283
2.059,228
'"14,895,527
122,952,071
44,789,063
53,332,707
244,578,074
212.170,224
5.759,930
9.555.315
52,354,980
528,722,933
75.18li.19J
1,498,674
182,874,304
1,195,759
1,645,822
12.65)8,594
3,472,307
3,000,306
25,920,490
23,526,307
620.193
938,025
$4,599.431
52.712,569
6,115,307
141,654
19,420,376
848,644
997,655
3,520,191
1,060,222
1 783 331
'"14,804.596
75.729.060
30,871,313
29,379,992
152,163,107
146,885,385
4,062,022
1,029.278
40,031,599
862,927,671
74,556,603
1,989,472
129,510,307
Beef, cured Ibs
Tallow Ibs
Hams Ibs
Pork, canned Ibs
Pork, fresh Ibs
Pork, pickled Ibs
Lard compounds Ibs
Mutton Ibs
Oleo oil and oleomargarine 1 bs
8,367,495
8,:,38,658
5,072,255
35,418,957
Sausage casings Ibs
Other meat products Canned
All other
Butter .Ibs
6.463,061
8,439,031
1,407.962
1,092,053
2,455,186
5,981,265
6,822,842
1,268,210
857,091
1,375,104
3.140,545
2,846,709
13,300,518
Milk, condensed 1 bs
Total in cat a M il dairy products
Musical instruments
Naval stores (rosin, tar, etc.)
Nickel, oxide and matte Ibs
9,148,482
1,691.550.533
1,205,308
1,443,537,568
192.802,708
3,371,521
21,041,599
2,948,058
21,806,701
012,336
104,116,440
19,633,967
"10,613,776
1,969,748,762
1,176,124
1,561,671,336
166.521,949
2,619,772
15.101,147
3,395,174
25,836,1.34
589,003
105,999,037
23,098,050
3,959,080
14,014,584
130,632,783
3,182,343
18,681,902
4.532,897
19,251,012
903,001
99.090,212
l(i,479,301
4,726,565
16,083.271
3.720,052
4,765,155
3,485,418
1,097,593
3,020,540
951,183
:,S78,006
224,911
1,274,773
7,873,036
38.115,386
4.803,101
1,670,046
4,207,319
78,813,803
2,379.360
1.078,381
13,652,407
1,341,514,280
2,216,713
1,546,067,984
Mineral gals
Vegetable
Paints, pigments and colors
Paper and manufactures of
4,001,824
14,171.759
178,709,678
8,740.929
82,075,726
3,706.383
4,184,716
101,934,500
Photographic goods
Seeds
8,083,688
720,368
3,407,220
5,250,623
84 if ,894
3 472 431
Silk, manufactures of
Soap
Spirits Malt liquors
Distilled. . .gals
""l',507',237
1,020,172
1,816,287
225,990
1,142,054
3,361,611
""1.509.132
1.010,787
1,883,967
201,418
780,155
5,468,502
30.902,900
4,701,617
1,098,187
1,637,636
Wines
Starch Ibs
48,125,851
33,228,278
51,534,570
Sugar and molasses
Tobacco Unmanufactured .. . ..Ibs
330,812,658
34.727,157
4,736,522
733,274
287,900,946
357,196,074
Manufactured
Toys
Vegetables
3,895,294
81,521,305
2,261,919
1.006.032
3.760,466
67,867,432
1.976.007
1,470,661
Wool and manufactures of
Zinc and manufactures of
Total value exports of domestic mer-
chandise* % . .
Total value exports of foreign mer-
chandise
Total value exports except gold and
si Iver
1,834,786,357
25,986,989
1,638,355,593
24,655,511
1,710,083,998
34,900,722
1,860.773,346
1.063.011,104
1.744.984,720
Including articles not specified in above table.
DTJTIES COLLECTED ON IMPORTS, 1907, 1908, 1909.
On principal articles or groups of articles Imported! Into the United States for consumption.
Articles.
1907.
$403 195
1908.
$660,115
1.738,112
6,703,211
34,599,772
7,708,893
372,244
18,241,668
1,818.565
7,720.237
1,342,548
3,285,921
9.331,328
1,813,267
4,506.444
1,823,977
2,156,447
1909.
$686,969
2,600,797
7,360,396
33,060,402
5,922,309
366,708
18,071,454
1,968,657
6,173,136
l,99t.,337
2,614,745
8,216,063
2,987.962
4,966,476
1,791,770
2,283,186
-Articles.
Spirits, distilled. .
Wines
3907.
..$7,917,114
6 042 510
1908. 1909.
$7,680,984 $8,808,226
5,185,373 5,050,118
2,190,534 2,319,909
621,702 521,939
2,924,958 2.875,092
1,542,469 1,642,929
16,493,078 16,186,131
50,162,157 56,406,484
22,160.090 23,269,458
2,515,618 1,701,002
2,722,852 4,955,805
4,059,682 4.033,289
11.420,611 17,082,990
17,424,734 16,278,828
t Unmanufactured.
Breadstuflfs
Chemicals .
1.457,441
7,522,515
Oils .
. 1 985 737
Cotton*
38,999,267
627 bll
Earthenware
Fibcrst
8,024,207
2 710 657
401,344
Rice
1 254 297
Fibers}: ....
21,755,818
Silk*
''0 230 402
Fish
1,910,301
60 284 059
Fruits
6.992,667
26 125 037
Fun*
1.S35 508
Toys
2 425 444
Glass*
a 9!>n 7x
1 898 658
Iron and steel* 11.930,389
Jewelrv :< S2S 495
Wood*
. . 4,385 039
Woolt . . .
16 562 748
Leather* . .
6,133,538
Wool}
19 995! OfiR
Malt liquors
Meat, dairy
1 838 190
Including manufactures of.
^Manufactured.
products 2,236,451
98
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
SUMMARY OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE.
Fiscal years ended June 30
GHOUPS
1908
1909.
1910.
JM PORTS
Free of dutv Foodstuff? in crude condition and foot]
animals
Dollars
116.509,73f
5.4(18,98"
276.329,018
84,720.745
35.961.124
Per ct
22.1"
104
52.5"
16.12
6.84
1.2h
Dollars.
131.620,840
5.177,207
329,0(57,111
95,078.909
32,722.571
5.890.001
Per ct.
21.95
.8f
54.89
15.86
5.46
.98
Dollars.
118,009,399
5,1119.293
439.296.043
122.618.842
63.026.617
7,591,202
Per ct
15.61
.74
58.10
16.21
8.34
1.00
Foodstuffs partly or whollv manufactured
Crude materials for use fn manufacturing .
Manufactures for further use in manufacturing
Manufactures readv for consumption
Miscellaneous. .
6.613.65*
Total free of duty. .1
Dutiable Foodstuffs In crude condition, and food
animals
525,603,308
29067.691
141,539.881
87.153,240
111.527,664
295.H56.a8
3.793,206
loo. w
4.35
21.17
13.03
16.68
44.21
.56
599,556,639
32,489,834
180^88,718
122,29X148
127,022.713
266.383,664
3.651.513
100.00
4.56
22.54
17.17
17.83
37.39
.51
756,161,396
30,078.875
171,545,229
128,851.687
165.300.10i
302.148,459
3,734,237
100.00
3.75
21.40
16.07
20.62
37.69
.47
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Crude materials for use in manufacturing
Manufactures for further use in manufacturing
Manufactures ready for consumption
Miscellaneous
Total dutiable
668738,484
145,577.477
147.008.870
363,482,258
196,248,409
331.617.92b
10,406.902
100.00
12.19
12.31
30.43
16.43
27.77
.87
712,363,585
164,110.674
165.700.920
451,359.259
222.101.622
299,1 0(1.235
9.541.514
100.00
12.51
12. 63
34.40
16.94
22.80
.72
801,658,592
148.088,274
177,1(54,522
568.147,730
287.918,947
365.175,076
11.325.439
100.00
951
11.37
36.47
18.48
23.44
.73
Free and dutiable Foodstuffs in crude condition,
and food animals
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Crude materials for use In manufacturing ,..
Manufactures for further use in manufacturing
Manufactures ready for consumption
Miscellaneous
Total imports of merchandise
1,194,341,792
100.01)
44.01
1,311,920,224
100.00
45 70
1,557,819,988
100.00
48.54
Per cent of free
Duties collected from customs
286,113,130
300,711,934
332785323
Remaining in warehouse at the end of the month
EXPOBTS.
Domestic Foodstuffs in crude condition, and food
animals
Dollars.
189.051.8-34
331,961,663
556,081,462
261.105,883
489,469,958
6.515,567
Per ct.
10.30
18.10
30.33
14.23
26.68
.36
Dollars.
135,693,409
302.u55.S4l
520.907,436
231.186,607
440,229,407
7,783.393
Per ct.
8.28
18.47
31.80
14.11
26.87
.47
Dollars.
109,645,628
259,121.650
565,027.301
267,447,844
500.861.219
7,980.35(1
Per ct.
6.41
15.15
33.04
15.64
29.29
.47
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Crude materials for use in manufacturing
Manufactures for further use in manufacturing
Manufactures ready for consumption
Miscellaneous ,
Total domestic
Foreign Free of duty . . .
,834,786,857
12.082,152
13,904.837
100.00
46.49
53.51
1,638,355,593
11.664,525
12.990.986
100.00
47.30
62.70
1,710,083,998
20.845.498
14,055.224
100.00
59.73
40.27
Dutiable
Total foreign
25,986.989
100.00
24,655.511
100.00
34.900,722
100.00
Total exports
Wvoooo nf 5 imports...
,860,773,346
1,663,011,104
1,744,984,720
of } exports...
Total imports and exports
666,431,554
351,090,880
187,164,732
5,055,115.138
2,974,931.328
3.302,704.708
GOLD AND SILVER.
TONNAGE.
METAL.
1909.
1910.
VESSELS.
1909.
1910.
$44.033,989
91,531.818
43.954.810
55.r>82,792
W3.339.90n
118,563.215
45,217,194
55.286.861
Entered Sailing
2.527.662
36,530,476
2.502.612
35.693.869
2,558.373
37.677.433
2.802.751
37.103,107
Ex ports
Cleared Sailing
Exports
Steam
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN MERCHANDISE BY CONTINENTS (1902-1910).
Fiscal years ended June 30.
CONTINENT.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Imports Europe
$475161941
151,076.524
119,785.756
143,849.112
13.447,615
$547226887
189.736.475
107.428,323
168.745.901
12,581.651
$498697379
198.778,952
120.364.113
163,820.151
9,426,776
$540773092
227,229,145
150.795.800
187.371.412
11.343,622
$633282184
235.S54.719
140.422.876
204.8tS.329
12,628,735
$747291255
263.576,349
160,165.537
242,260.820
21,127.464
$608014147
238.815.89S
124.998,590
206.222.182
16.2SI0.675
$654322918
253.999.920
163.878.724
224.610.035
15.108.627
$806271380
306.767,486
196,164,786
231,126.597
17.489.739
North America
South America
Asia and Oceania
Africa
Total
903,320,948
1008033981
203.971.080
38.048,617
98.202.118
3Ji.468.605
1025719237
1029256657
215.482.769
41,137,872
95,827,528
38,436.853
991.087,371
1057930131
234.909,959
50.755,027
93.002.028
24,2:50.126
1117513071
1020972641
260.570.235
56.894.131
161.584,056
18,540.603
1226563843
1200179235
308.381.969
75,159,781
140.581.154
19.562.3til
1434421425
1298452380
349.840.641
82.157.174
133.88SJ.857
16,511,026
1194341792
1283600155
324.ti74.660
83.583,919
143.574.047
20.340 5tS
1311920224
1146755321
309.475.694
76.561.680
113.182.975
17.03o.434
1557819988
1115914551
385.520,0(8
93,246.820
111.751,900
18.551,380
Exports Europe
North America
Souta America
Asia and Oceania .
Africa
Total ,
1381719401
1420141679
14*50827271
1518561666
1743864500
1880851078
1860773346
1663011104
1744984720
Calendar year.
1870 68,739
1880 1,247.335
1890 4,277,071
CRUDE STEEL PRODUCTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
Tons. | Calendar year. *Tons. | Calendar year. 'Tons^ | Calendar year.
1900 .".... 10,188.32911903 14.534.9"8
1901 13-.473.595 I 1904 13.859.8S7 I
1902 14,947,250 I 1905 20,023,9471
Tons of 2,240 pounds.
Tons.
1906 23.398,136
1907 23,362,594
K08 14,023,247
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOR 1911.
99
VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MERCHANPISE B7 COUNTRIES,
fiscal jearsl908-iP10
COUNTRY.
1SIPOKTS.
EXPORTS.
1908.
1909.
1010.
1908.
1909-
1910.
$15 4? r > 659
S4.BS1
19,895.677
1 272 938
fl5.43fi.587
35.720
27.393.918
190.825
1.IV25.408
108.Ii87.337
145,525.828
19.604
2.382.202
63.210
49.287,894
10.352
26.086.3%
4.643.609
6.240.562
9,340
11.051,571
Ml ,691
14.077.064
4.486.142
23.831.492
6.393,468
208.612.758
117 40S.91C
86,875
$16,174.738
211.92 >
52,940,514
2T.54l'.69t
116.123.468
276,922.081
371.365
1.290.804
22.908
54.217.394
548.859
102.206,184
6.841,6%
3,086,072
447,759
16,342,377
3,806
21.90ti.379
9,671.810
646,840
1.418.024
580.663.522
$14 226 703
$14,962.731
184.234
41,116.585
128,111
13.644,903
117.627.466
249.555.9-26
228,019
429.670
3.106
53,467.053
303,009
84,937.878
5,949,330
3.223.855
479,364
16.789.930
4.273
18,964.403
5,991,896
756.770
1.613,168
505.552.871
Azores and Madeira islands
166.100
45,093.003
92,887
17.522.113
108.764.262
235.324.140
491.888
1,237.297
28,982
58,509,595
608.280
95.012,3!*
5,806,113
3,901.405
647,046
15,633.175
5.310
19.679.OOJ
6,731,304
750.736
1.896.249
514.627.365
Belgium ,
40.059.281
385.<i67
2.198.334
132.363.84f
168,806.237
9.494
2.643.005
140.23;
49.868.367
16,351
31 ,713.766
6,551,985
6 507 733
101 if >9 541
Germany
Gibraltar
142,935.54?
11.048
3 019.9ft
56,774
Italy
44,844.174
4.584
20,305,864
3.668.909
4.967.922
11.135
11,113.421
52,353
14,152.712
4.B33.672
24.698,03t
4.554.509
190,355.475
Malta Gozo etc
Roumania
36.181
16.196.154
1.067.008
18,453.278
6,830.477
25,209.159
3.689.769
271,029,772
Russia in Europe
Servla
Spain. .
Switzerland .... .
Turkey in Europe
United kingdom
Total Europe
Nortt America Berirnda
608,014,147
455,546
737.389
75,131 .666
1.1(9.060
4.405,165
1890,189
2,268.070
1.160.832
1,469,344
981.715
654,322,918
477.705
848.925
79.317.055
1,148.075
2.709,994
3.148.489
2.150.752
1.004,811
1.K76.994
970.137
806,271,380
691,523
1,066.409
95.128,310
1,229.688
3,641,298
1,832.324
2.012,225
I,321.7fi7
2.229,189
1.176.393
1,283,600,155
957.066
1.299,145
167.035,947
3,587,748
2,696.744
1.730.700
1.768.995
1.574.879
18.232,666
1.357,297
1,146,755,321
1.163.62f
1.081 .898
163.448.65fi
3,939.643
2.307.096
1.7 06. 156
1.499.632
1.355.287
16.797.530
1.462.135
1,135,914,651
1.320,959
1,211.852
215,990,021
4.074,802
3.050.510
1,959,246
1,605.493
1,690.792
20,596,371
1,316.957
British Honduras . ..
Kewfcnndland and Labrador
Central American States Costa Rica
Guatemala
Nicaragua
Salvador
Total Central American States
12.675.293
46,945,690
137
12,129,350
83.284,692
592.292
361,966
60,111
689,045
4,583.661
11.661.177
47,712,214
1.551
11,410.019
96.772.193
221.457
249.823
49.899
525.947
3,653.880
12,213,196
58 7% 943
27,361,281
55,509,604
45.687
12,475,383
47,161.306
727,193
706.210
1.455,701
3,649,172
2.V03.276
25,127.836
49,793,323
34,311
11.715,654
43,913.356
693,681
635.827
1,411,204
3,937.359
2,579,320
30,219,369
68,193.704
39,246
11,277,963
52,858,758
749,174
658.146
1,318.224
4,498,449
3.106.402
' 12,'655
11.154.683
122,528,0:i7
403.926
346.589
43,232
790.579
2.462.716
West Indies British
Cuba
Dutch
French . .
Haiti
Santc Domingo
Total West Indies
Total North America
101,701,117
112.833.218
137,729.762
68.878.241
64,886.401
74.467,116
238,815,898
11,024,098
384
74.577.864
14.777.811
6,380,755
2,401.188
16,916
1230.828
780.369
33,136
14,645
6.670,616
1.364,796
6.725.184
253.999,920
22,230.182
138
98,053.229
13.712,373
7,010.304
2,730.872
1.499
$791,349
865.743
39,728
16,777
6.386.544
3.726,877
8,313,609
306,767,486
33,463,264
189
108,154,491
20,921.326
7,485,141
2,859,714
324,674.719
31,858,155
1.226,238
19.490.077
9,194,650
3.452.375
1,909.126
606
$1,988.385
645.417
331.174
100.568
6,959.579
3,868.661
2,555.863
309,475,694
33.712.505
792.<>91
17,527.692
5.466,286
3,679.070
I,849,(i57
1,433
$2.009.988
612.087
371.615
52.268
4,557.864
3,360.313
2,568,211
385.520,069
40.694,941
603,721
22,897.890
8,304,246
3,979.886
2.215,951
1,142
$1,884,881
685,889
300,273
61,142
4.548.053
4,272,145
2.797,210
Sonth America Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil....
Chile
Colombia .. ..
Kcuador .'...
Falkland islands
Guiana British..
$567,793
925,782
21.171
29.170
-7.621,497
7.413,896
6,701,352
Dutch
French
Paraguay
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
Total South America
Asia Ader .
124,998,590
1,615.261
26,030,922
28,169
14,400
163,878,721
1.768,945
28,798.723
19,819
196,164.786
2.068.220
29,990.370
36,146
6,442
1,244.360
20.610
83.583,874
1,097.277
22,343,657
7,641
73.561,680
1,446,670
19,420,024
98.24H.820
531,784
16,320.612
3,492
65.030
345,551
235.768
Chinese empire
China ( leased territory ) British
French
German
Japanese
536,329
624,038
142
470.731
8.198.896
323,615
205,294
Total China
Bast Indies British India
26.599.820
44.465,898
13,185.276
3,838.613
29,442,722
43,547.347
15.719,858
4.640,691
31.297,928
45.320,268
18.654,702
6.773.643
31.020.925
9.238.202
2,439,239
209.417
19.948.933
8,372,137
1.590,431
293.062
16,970,453
7.581.233
1,709,045
204.738
Straits Settlements
Other Bri tish f.
Total British
Dutch
61.489,287
14,095,364
63,907,896
22,967,601
70,748,613
10,651,935
11,886,858
2,181,952
602.169
8,975.161
41.432.327
1,563,113
3,885
2,072,915
392.663
10.255.630
2,622,998
614,946
7.267,802
26,691.613
320.780
1,159
1,635,734
364.029
9,495,016
2,241.225
174,882
6.467,165
21,959.310
442.066
509,178
1,039.881
286,200
French
Hongkong
2,129.256
68,107,546
3,045
529,492
341,627
51,858
1,769.019
70,392,722
2,879
346,250
793,345
121,988
2,333,231
66,398.761
20,176
683,371
1,181,058
125,882
Japan
Korea . .
Persia
Russia, Asiatic
Siam
100
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS BY COUNTRIES.-CoNTlNUED.
COUNTRY.
IMPORTS.
EXPORTS.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1908.
1909.
1910.
Turkey in Asia
Other Asia
6.205,061
6,035,iO
8,514,132
3,495
555,376
211
621,893
744.504
14S
181.167,616
11.186,663
3.040,168
66.208
197.548,027
13.973,219
2,847.655
107,21ti
194,026,802
14,806,764
4.168,125
165.321
101,784,832
28.280,661
6.502.362
141, 730
71,792,187
24,077,260
5.463,547
130,566
60,861,813
27,696,557
5.577.0S8
122.987
Dceania British Oceania:
Australia and Tasmania
All other -
Total British
14.293,044
543,193
54.406
10.164.223
16,928.090
669,036
30.896
9,433.986
19.140,210
603.418
38,270
17,317.897
34,.<24,753
346.504
56,212
11.461,732
29.671.373
397.740
132,234
11,189,441
33,396,632
544.436
116.374
16.832.645
French Oceania..,
Philippine islands
25,054.866
4,016
27.062,008
37,099,795
46,789,201
41,390,788
342
50,890,087
Africa Abyssinia
British Africa West
91.271
1,760,350
655,534
196.185
1.689.570
856,613
227,108
2.178,174
803,612
2.085.046
7,847.045
354.637
1,997.245
7.298.954
515.441
2.241,448
9.614.406
601.133
East
Total British
2,507.155
83,521
498,045
2,742,368
80,642
549,513
208,302
3.20S.8U4
125.958
726,970
433,098
10,286,728
(85.591
1,545.145
120.064
17,435
242
58,432
15.979
8.468
5,463,949
9,139
2,126,383
3.010
9.811,640
386,468
1,609,083
160,149
1.845
3,130
56,165
16,640
62.101
3.611.167
22,897
1,293,807
12,456.987
284,749
1,275.393
200.465
3.688
26.339
84.869
7.731
60,373
3,138,775
14,934
982,845
14.232
^-aiin-ry ....
17,782
73
4,378
192.017
106,061
Liberia
1.035
1.907
262.396
67,935
m
6,626
475.215
239.996
12,863,051
1.614
11,200,841
6.650
12,176,108
96.662
Tripoli
Total Africa
16.290,675
15,108,627
17.489.739 20.340.565
17,035,434
18,551.380
Grand total*.
1,194.341.792
1,311,920.224
1.557.819.988 1.860.773.346
1,663.011,104
1.744984,720
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS INTO AND FROM THE UNITED STATES.
From Oct. 1. 1789, to June 30. 1910.
FISCAL YEAR.*
MERCHANDISE.
SPECIE.
MDSE. AND SPECIE COMBINED.
Imports.
Exports.
Sxc'ssof
imports
rom.)or
exports
(italics).
Imports,
gold and
silver.
Exports,
gold and
silver.
Total
imports.
Total
exports.
Excess of
imports
(rom.) or
exports
(italics).
1790
$23,000.000
29,200,000
31.500.000
31.100,000
34,600,000
69,756.268
81,486,164
75,379,406
68.551.700
79,069,148
91,252,768
111,363.511
76.333.333
6 1.666.666
85.000.000
rm.tw.m
129.410,001
138.500,000
56.990,000
59.400,000
85.400.000
53.400.000
77.030.000
22.005.000
12.'.)65.000
113,041.274
147.103,000
SK).250.00C
121.750,000
87.125,000
74.450,000
54.520,834
$20.205,156
19,012,041
20.753,098
26.109,572
33,043,725
47.989.872
58.574.625
51,294,710
61,327,411
78.K65.522
70,971,780
9li.020.513
71,957.144
55800033
$2,794.844
10,187,969
10,74(5.902
4.990.428
1,556,275
21.766,396
22.861,539
24,084.696
7,224.289
403.62K
20.280.988
18,342.998
4.376. 189
8.866.633
7,300,926
25.033.979
27,873,037
38.156,850
34,559,040
7,193,767
18,642,030
7,916,832
38.502.764
5,851,017
6,037,559
00,483,521
65,182,948
11.578.431
28.468,867
16.982.479
4,758,331
75,489
18.521,594
4.155.328
3,197,067
649,023
5,202,722
2.977,009
16,998,873
345.736
8,949.779
$23,000.000
29.200.000
31.500.000
31,100.000
34,600,000
69.756,268
81,436,164
75.379.406
68,551,700
79,069.148
$20.205.156
19.012.041
20.753,098
26,109.572
33.043.725
47.989,872
58,574,625
51,294.710
61.327,411
78,665,ft22
7(1.971.780
93.020.513
71,957,144
55,800,033
77.699.074
95.566.0,'!
101.536,963
108,343.150
22.430.960
52,203,233
66,757,970
61.316,832
38.527.236
27,856.017
6.927.441
52,557,753
81,920.052
87.671,569
93,281.133
70,142.521
69.691,661*
65.074.382
72,160,281
74.699.030
75.986,657
99.535,388
77,595,352
82.324.827
72.264.686
72,358.671
73.849,50S
$2.794,844
10,187,959
10,746,902
4,990,428
1,556.275
21.766,396
22,861,539
24,084,696
7,224,289
403,626
20,280,988
18,342,998
4.376,189
8,866.633
7.300,928
25.033,979
27.873,037
30,156,850
34.559.040
7,196,767
18,642,030
7,916.832
38,502,764
6,851,017
6,037,559
60.483.521
65,182,948
11.578,431
28.468.867
16.982,479
4,758,331
2.48,658
11.081.260
2,880,237
4,561,485
3,195,313
7,379,126
2,840,769
16,245,138
2,133,856
2,972,588
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
.;
1798
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
Specie inc
merchan
tol
u'ded with
Jise prior
Bl.
91.252,768
111.363.511
76.333.333
64.868,886
85.0UO.OOO
120,600.000
129.410.000
138,500,000
56.990.000
59,400.000
85. 400.000
53.400.000
77.030.000
22.005.000
12.965.000
113,041.274
147,103,000
99.250.000
121.750.000
87,125.000
74.450,000
62.585,724
83.241.541
77,579.267
80,548.142
96,340.075
84,974.477
79,484,088
88.501t.824
74.492.527
70.876.920
1804
77 6<)9 074
1805
95.566.021
101,536,963
108.343.150
22,430,960
52,203. 233
66,757,970
61,316,832
38.527.236
27&T6.017
6.927.441
52,557,753
81,1)20,052
87,671.569
93.281.133
70,142,521
69.691,669
54,596.32;
61,350,101
68.326.043
68.972.105
90,738.333
72.890.788
74,309.94-
64,021.210
67,434.651
71.670,735
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
I:;::;:::;: 1
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
$8.064,890
8,889,848
5.097.896
8.378.970
6.150.765
6.880.966
8,151.130
7,489.741
7,403.612
8,155.964
$10.478,059
10,810.180
6,372.987
7,014.552
8,797.055
4,704,563
8,014.880
8.243,476
4,924.020
2,178.773
1822
79,871,695
72.481,371
1823.. .
1824...,
72.169,172
90.189.310
78,093.611
1825....
1826
1827
71.332.938
81.020.083
67.088.915
62,720,95fc
1828
1829
1830
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
101
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORT8.-CONTINUED.
FISCAL YEAR.*
MERCHANDISE. SPECIE.
MDSE. AND SPECIE COMBINED.
Imports.
Exports.
Exc'ssof
Imports
(rom.)or
exports
(Italics).
Imports,
gold and
silver.
Exports,
gold and
silver.
Total
Imports.
Total
exports.
Excess of
imports
(roman) or
exports
(italics).
1831
195,885,179
95.121.702
101.1M7.94H
108.60!),700
136.764.295
170,579,154
180.472.80J
95,970.288
156,490,951
U8,258.70t
122,957,544
90.075,071
42,488,464
102.tW4.BOti
113.184,322
117,914.065
122,424,349
148.638.644
14 l,2l 16. 199
173 509.52ti
$72.295,652
81.520.003
87.528,732
102.2tW.215
115,215,802
124.338,704
111.443,127
104,978,570
112,251,673
123,668,932
111.817.471
99,877,995
82.825.689
105,745. 832
100.040,111
109.583.248
150,741.598
138.190.515
140,351,172
144.375.726
188,915.259
106,984.231
203,489,282
23.589,5:27
13.001.159
13.519,211
6.349,485
21,548,493
52.240.450
19,029,li7b
9,008.2H2
44,245,285
25.4M.226
11.140.073
3,802,924
40.392,225
3,141,226
7,144,211
8,3130,817
34.3J7.249
10,448,129
855.027
29.133,800
21,856.170
40,456,107
60.287,983
60.760.030
38.899,205
29,212,887
54,004,582
8,672,620
as,431.290
20.040.002
69.756.709
1.313.284
39.371, as
157.009,295
72,716.277
85,952,544
101.254.955
75,4813.541
131.388.as2
43.180.t>4U
77.403,506
182.417.491
119.65ti.288
18.876.698
19.502.725
79.643,481
151.152.094
257.814.234
264,661,666
167,683.912
259.712,718
17,305,945
5,907,504
7,070,368
17,911,632
13.131,447
13,400.881
10,516,414
17,747,110
6,595,176
8.882,813
4.988.633
4,087,016
22,320,335
6,8130,429
4,070.242
3,777,732
24,121.289
6,300,284
6,651,240
4,628,792
6,453,503
5.505,044
4,201,382
6,768,587
8,059.812
4,207,032
12.4til.799
19.274,496
7,434.789
8,550.135
40.339,611
10.415,052
9,584,105
13,115.612
9,810,072
10,700,092
22,070.475
14,188.368
19,807,870
20.419,179
21,270,024
13,743.689
21,480,937
28.454,906
20.900,717
15.936,681
40.774,414
29.821.314
20.290.000
93.034.310
110,575.497
I9.014.a31
5,656.340
2,611,701
2,076.758
6,477,775
4,324,336
5,976,249
3.508,040
8,770,743
8.417,014
10,034,332
4,813,539
1,520,791
5.454,214
8,000,495
3,905,268
1,907,024
15,841,616
5,404,648
7,522,994
29,472.752
42,674.135
27,486.875
41.281,504
56,247,343
45,745,485
69.136.922
52,033.147
63,887.411
60.546.239
29,791.aSO
36,887.040
64,156,611
105,396.541
67.IU3.226
86.044.071
60.808,372
93,784,102
57.1138,380
58,155,660
98,441,'.)88
79,877,534
84.008.574
66,630.405
92,1:32.142
66,506,302
50.162.237
S3,740,125
24.997.441
17,142.919
19,400,847
$103,191,124
101,029.200
108,118,311
136,621,832
149,895,742
189.980,0:35
140.989,217
113,717.404
102.092,132
107.141,519
127,940.177
100,102,087
64,753,799
108.435,0:35
117,254.564
121,691,797
140.545,638
164,998.928
147,857.439
178.138.318
216.224,932
212.SW5.442
2457,978,647
304,562.381
201,408,520
814,639,942
360,890,141
282,613.150
338,708,130
362.100,254
335,050,153
205,771,729
252.919.920
329.5ti2.895
248.555,652
445,512,158
417,831.571
371,624,808
437.314,255
462,377,587
541.493.708
640,338,76
063,617,147
595.861.248
553,900.153
476.077,871
492.097.540
406.872.846
400.073,775
700,989,050
763,240,125
707.111,964
751,070,305
705,123,955
620,709,052
874,029,790
752.490.5tiO
783,295,100
774,094,725
823.280,735
$31. 310,583
87,170.943
90,140.433
104,336.973
121.693.577
128,663,040
117,419.376
108.486,610
121.028,410
132,085.940
121.851.803
104,691,534
84.346.480
111.200.040
114,640,006
113,488.516
158,048,622
154,032.131
145,755,820
151,898.720
218.388.011
209,668,366
230,970,157
278,325,268
275.156.846
326.904,908
362,960,082
324.644,421
350,789,402
400.122,290
249,344,913
227,558,141
208.121,058
264,234.5:29
233.672,529
434.903,593
355,374.513
375,737,001
343,256,077
450,927,4:34
541,262,106
524.055,120
607.088,490
652,913,445
605,574,853
596,890,973
658,037.457
728,605,891
735,436,882
852,781,57;
921,784.193
799,956.736
855,659,735
807,040,992
784,421,280
751,988,240
752,180,902
742.368.690
839,042.908
909,977,104
993,434.452
1,113,284,034
997,083 357
*21. 880.541
13.852,323
17.977.878
22.184.359
28,202,165
61.310.996
23,509,841
6,230,788
41,003,716
24,944,427
6,094,374
4,529.447
19,592,681
2,765,011
2,607,958
8,203,281
12,102,984
966,797
2,101,619
26,239,598
2,163,079
3,287,076
37.002,490
20,237.113
13,688,320
12,324.966
2,070,5ft
42,031,271
18,021,332
37,956,042
80,305,240
21,786,412
15,201,138
65.328,368
14,883,123
10,608.566
62,457,068
4,112,193
94,058,178
11,450,153
231,542
116.283,046
56.528,651
67,052,137
61,668,700
120,213,102
166,539,917
261,733,046
269,363,107
91,792,521
168,544,068
32,847,772
103,989,430
102,523.037
163,651,628
77.958,448
309,658
40,926,410
64,948,183
86,690,369
112,258,809
216,227,032
86,314,802
278,839,605
132,736,028
213,531,630
273,023,365
534.624.851
504,086,295
569.691,446
679,625,475
49fi.436.285
425,617,778
473.848,406
461.357.605
520.079,041
397,111,029
603.790,662
410,346.691
272.357,705
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843 ..
1844
1845. . . .
1846
1847
1848
1849. . . .
1850
1851 ...
210,771,429
207 440398
1852
1853
203,777,265
1854....
297.803,794
257,808,708
310.432.310
348.428,342
263,338,654
881,888,841
35:3.016.119
289.310.542
189,350,677
243,335.815
316.447,283
238.745.580
434.812,00t;
895,761,096
357.4IW.440
417,506,379
4,i5.958,408
237.043,764
218.909,503
281.219.423
293,823.700
272,011,274
292.903.051
3133.570,057
219.553.833
190.670.501
203,964,447
158,837.988
100,029,308
348.859.52--'
294.500,141
281,952,899
286.117,697
392.771,768
442,820.178
444.177.586
522,479,922
580,283.040
513,442,711
540,384.671
602.475,220
694.805,766
710,439,441
835.038.658
902,377,346
ia->5....
185fi ..
1857...,
1858
1859....
I860. . . .
1861...
ists ...
1863
1864....
1865....
1866. . . .
1867...,
1868 .
1869 ..
1870
1871...
5:20,223,084
626.595,077
042,130.210
507,406,342
638,005,4811
400.741,190
451,323,120
437.051.532
445.777,775
607,954,746
042.0t>4,628
1872
1873 .
1874
1875. . . .
1876. . . .
1877....
1878
1879 ...
1880. . . .
1881...
1882. . . .
724.tVW.574
723.180.914
607,097.093
577,527,329
886,486,186
692.319.768
723,957,114
745,181,662
789.310,409
750.542,257
823,8139,402
740.513,609
742,189.755
679.524,830
710,183,211
695.954.507
742,401,375
857,828,084
884,480.810
1,030,278,148
847,665.194
892,140.572
807,538.105
882,600.938
1,050,993,556
25,902,683
100.658,488
72.815,916
164.662.426
44.088.694
23.H63.443
28.002.tW7
2.730.277
68,518375
39,564,614
202.875,686
18.7:35.728
237.145.950
75,568,200
102.882.264
286363.144
615.432.676
529.874^13
544,541,898
664.592*26
478,398,453
394,422.442
469,739,900
401.048,595
517,300,657
446,429,653
42,472,390
28,489,391
37,420,262
43.242.323
38.593.656
60.170,792
59.1337,980
28.903,073
33.976,326
30,259,447
09,054.540
44.367,633
85,735,071
50.595.939
02.302,251
115.548,007
151.319.455
119.629.659
79,829.486
102,437.708
80,253.508
69,145.518
120,824.182
81.1S3.820
140,t!t>4,270
157,456,873
192,995,418
87.958,799
88,557.103
49,417.479
31,820,333
67,133,383
42.231.525
72.4t.41t
35.99! .0-91
40,414,1813
96,641.533
52,148,420
108,953,1)42
83,005,88t
149.418.ltS
127,429,320
113,763,767
172,951.017
102.308,218
70.511.630
93.841,141
104.979.a34
117,470,357
98,301.341)
91 340854
1883. . . .
1884. . . .
1885 ,
1886
1887....
1888....
1889
1890
1892 ...
827.402.402
8tki.400.922
054.994,022
731.969.905
779,724,674
704,730.412
897.057.002
910,708.555
740,730.293
788,565.904
842,026.925
880,278.41'.
767.3ti9.109
816,778,148
929.770.670
925,809.871
983,574,45b
1,094,804.755
1,117,911,553
1,1118,040,897
1,307.228.113
1.591,878.298
1,387,337,210
1,399,879,023
l,Wi,377,09I
1893 .
1894....
1.019.569,898
921,301,932
1.055.558.555
1.153.301,774
1.301,993.960
1,320,864,443
1,499.402,116
1,606,235,348
1,480,020,741
1,520.482,533
1,591,759,959
1.660,004,502
1,847,307,154
1,988,989,327
1,991,127,472
1.810,225.714
1.918.734.7Sth
1895
1896
1897
1898
1809. . . .
6IO.04y.ti54
0'.I7, 148.489
1,231,482.330
1.227.023.302
1900 .
1901 . .
849,941,184
823,172.105
9W3.320.948
,020,719,237
9SU.087.371
.117,513,071
.220,503,843
,434,421,425
,194,341.7!2
.311,920.224
.557.819.988
1,394, 483,082
1,487,704.991
I,3S1,719.401
1,420.141.079
UOO.827.271
1,518.501,606
1.743,864.500
1,880.853,078
1,800,773, '346
1.063.011,104
1.744.9S4,720I
1902
nil
1904
1905
130,932,688
141.442,83b
103,442.li54
108,138,249
130,354.12t
147,214,011
173.aiO,07t
1906....
1907....
1908
1909....
666.431,554
351,090,880
187.164.732
1910.,,.....,
*Fiscal year ended Sept. 30 prior to 1843; since that date ended June 30.
NOTB Merchandise and specie are combined In I showing the total Inward and outward movement
the columns at right of table for the purpose ot | of values by years.
102
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
QUALIFICATIONS FOR SUFFRAGE.
REQUIREMENTS
FOR VOTERS IN THE
VARIOUS STATES.
2y.
Yes.
30d30dNo..
SO d Yes.
90 d 30 d 10 d Yes.
ALABAMA Citizens of pood char-
acter and understanding, or al-
iens who have declared inten-
tion; must show poll-tax receipt.
ARKANSAS Like Alabama, ex-
cept as to "good character."
CALlFORNIA-Citizens by nativ-
ity; naturalized for 90 days, or
treaty of Queretaro.
COLORADO-Citizens, male or fe- 1 y
male, or aliens who declared in-
tention 4 months before offer
Ing to vote.
CONNECTICUT Citizens who 1 y ..... 6m Yes.
can read English.
DELAWARE Citizens paying $1 1 y. 3 m .... 30 d No
registration fee.
FLORIDA Citizens of United 1 y. 6 m . . .,30 d Yes
States.
GEORGIA Citizens who can read ly. 6m ........ (a)
and have paid all taxes since 1877.
IDAHO Citizens, male or fe- 6m30d3 m 10 d Yes
male.
ILLINOIS-Citizens of U. S. 1 y . 90 d 30 d 30 d Yes
INDIANA Citizens, or aliens who 6m iOd >Od)dNo,
have declared intention and re-
sided 1 year in United States.
IOWA Citizens of United States. 6m60dlOdlOd
KANSAS Citizens; aliens who 6m30d30d lOd
have declared intention; women
vote at municipal and school
elections.
KENTUCKY Citizens of U. S. ly. 6m60d80d
LOUISIANA Citizens who are2y.ly ..... timYes.
able to read and write, who own
1300 worth of property or whose
father or grandfather was en-
titled to vote Jan. 1, 1867.
MAINE Citizens of the United 3m 3 m3m 3m Yes
States.
MARYLAND Citizens of United 1 y.|6 m 6 m 1 d. Ye
States who can read.
MASSACHUSETTS-Citizenswho ly. 6 m6 m 6 m Yes
can read and write English.
MICHIGAN Citizens, or aliens 6m 20 d 20 d 20 d Yes
who declared intention prior to
May 8. 18D2.
MINNESOTA Citizens of the 6 m 30d30d30d (d)
United States.
MISSISSIPPI Citizens who can 2y. ly. ly. ly. Yes
read or understand the constitu-
tion.
MISSOURI Citizens,oralienswho 1 y. <!0d60d60d (e)
have declared intention not
Jess than 1 nor more than 5 years
before offering to vote.
MONT AN A Citizens of U. S. 1 y . HO d 30 d 30 d Yes
NEBRASKA Citizens, or aliens 6m 40 dlOdlOd (b)
who have declared intention
30 days before election.
NEVADA Citizens of Un
States.
NEW HAMPSHIRE-Citizens
United States.
NEW JERSEY Citizens of Unit- ly.
ed States.
NEW YORK Citizens who have ly
been such for 90 days.
NORTH CAROLINA Citizens of 2 y
United States who can read.
NORTH DAKOTA Citizens, orly.
aliens who have declared inten
tion 1 year and not more than (
prior to election, and civilized
Indians.
PREVIOUS
RESIDENCE
REQUIRED.
30d
U)d30d30dYes
Yes
Yes
30 d
4m
DOil
Yes. If convicted of treason, embezzlement of public
funds, malfeasance in office or other peniten-
tiary offenses, idiots or insane.
Yes. Idiots, insane, convicts until pardoned, nonpay-
ment of poll tax.
Yes. Chinese, insane, embezzlers of public moneys,
:onvicts.
Persons under guardianship, insane, Idiots, pris-
oners convicted of bribery.
(b)
W
(c)
Yes
Yes
(a)
Excluded from
voting.
Yes. Convicted of felony or other infamous crime
unless pardoned.
Yes. Insane, idiots, felons, paupers.
Yes. Persons not registered, insane or under guard-
an, felons, convicts.
No.. Persons convicted of crimes punishable by im-
prisonment, insane, delinquent taxpayers.
Yes. Chinese, Indians, insane, felons, polygamists,
jigamists, traitors, bribers.
Yes. Convicts of penitentiary until pardoned.
Yes. Convicts and persons disqualified by judgment
of a court, United States soldiers, marines and
sailors.
Yes. Idiots, insane, convicts.
Yes. Insane, persons under guardianship, convicts,
bribers, del' rauders of the government and per-
sons dishonorably discharged from service of
United States.
Treason, felony, bribery, idiots, insane.
Idiots, insane, all crimes punishable by impris-
onment, embezzling public funds unless pardoned.
Yes. Paupers, persons under guardianship, Indians
not taxed.
Yes. Persons convicted of larceny or other infamous
crime, persons under guardianship, insane, idiots.
Yes. Paupers (except United States soldiers), persons
under guardianship.
Yes. Indians holding tribal relations, duelists and
their abettors.
Yes. Treason, felony unless pardoned, Insane, persons
under guardianship, uncivilized Indians.
Yes. Insane, idiots, felons, delinquent taxpayers.
Yes. Paupers, persons convicted of felony or other
infamous crime or misdemeanor or violating
right of suffrage, unless pardoned; second con-
viction disfranchises.
Yes. Indians, felons, idiots, insane.
Yes. Lunatics, persons convicted of treason or felony
unless pardoned, United States soldiers and sailors.
Yes. Insane, idiots, convicted of treason or felony, nn-
amnestied confederates against the United States,
Indians and Chinese.
Yes. Paupers (except honorably discharged soldiers),
persons excused from paying taxes at their own
request.
Yes. Paupers, insane, idiots and persons convicted of
crimes which exclude them from being witnesses
unless pardoned.
Yes Convicted of bribery or any infamous crime unless
pardoned, betters on result of election, bribers for
votes and the bribed.
No.. Idiots, lunatics, convicted of felony or other infa-
mous crimes, atheists.
Yes Felons, idiots, convicts unless pardoned, United
States soldiers and sailors.
(a) Registration required in some counties, (b) In
all cities, (c) In the cities of first, second and third
class, (d) Required in cities of 1.200 inhabitants Or
over, (e) In cities of 100,000 population or over.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
103
QUALIFICATIONS FOR SUFFRAGE.-CONTIN0ED.
PREVIOUS
RESIDENCE
_
i
Q
REQUIREMENTS
" ^ u
<s
FOK VOTERS IN THE
*->
Oj
2
Excluded from
VARIOUS STATES.
X
c
U,
9
voting.
|
s
c
f
1-
00
"5
o
E
rt
00
H
04
pa
M
OHIO - Citizens of the United
iy.
30 d
20 a
^0(1
(b)
Yes.
Idiots, insane, United States soldiers and sailors.
States.
felons unless restored to citizenship.
OKLAHOMA Citizens of the
ly.
lira
30(1
iOd
Yes.
Felons, paupers, idiots and lunatics.
United States and native Indians
OREGON White male citizens,
(i in
No..
Yes.
Idiots, insane, convicted felons, Chinese, United
or aliens who have declared in-
States soldiers and sailors.
tention 1 year before election.
PENNSYLVANIA Citizens at
least 1 month, and if 22 years old
iy.
2 m
Yes.
Yes.
Persons convicted of some offense forfeiting right
of suffrage, nontaxpayers.
must have paid tax within 2 yrs.
2y.
6 m
(c)
Yes.
RHODE ISLAND Citizens Of
Paupers, lunatics, idiots, convicted of bribery or In-
United States.
famous crime until restored.
SOUTH CAROLINA Citizens of
2y.
iy.
4 111
4 m
Yes.
No..
Paupers, insane, idiots, convicted of treason, duel-
United States who can read.
ing or other infamous crime.
SOUTH DAKOTA - Citizens, or
BID
30(1
10(1
IOd
(d)
Yes.
Persons under guardian, idiots. Insane, convicted
aliens who have declared inten-
of treason or felony unless pardoned.
tion.
TENNESSEE Citizens who have
ly.
(i m
/-\
Yes.
Convicted of bribery or other infamous crime, fail-
paid poll tax preceding year.
TEXAS Citizens, or aliens who
iy.
(im
ti in
Yes.
ure to pay poll tax.
Idiots, lunatics, paupers, convicts, United States
have decl ared intention t> months
soldiers and sailors.
before election.
UTAH Citizens of United States.
iy.
4m
JOd
Idiots, insane, convicted of treason or violation of
male or female.
election laws.
VERMONT - Citizens of United
ly.
i m
ill)
irn
Yes.
Yes.
Unpardoned convicts, deserters from United States
States.
service during the war, ex-confederates.
VIRGINIA Citizens of United
iy.
i y.
iy.
iOd
Yes.
No..
Idiots, lunatics, convicts unless pardoned by the
States of good understanding
legislature.
who have paid poll tax for three
years and all ex-soldiers.
WASHINGTON Citizens of Unit-
iy.
.X)d
iOd
*)d
Yes.
Indians not taxed.
ed States.
WEST VIRGINIA Citizens of
iy.
.*)d
10 (i
No..
Yes.
Paupers, idiots, lunatics, convicts, bribers, United
the state.
States soldiers and sailors.
WISCONSIN Citizens, or aliens
iy.
IOd
10(1
IOd
(a)
Yes.
Insane, under guardian, convicts unless pardoned.
who have declared intention.
WYOMING Citizens, male or fe-
iy.
JOd
10 d
IOd
Yes.
Yes.
Idiots, insane, felons, unable to read the state con-
male.
stitution.
(o) In cities of 3,000 population or over. (6) In cities
of not less than 9.000 inhabitants, (c) Nontaxpayers
must register yearly before Dec. 31. (d) In towns hav-
ing 1,000 voters and counties where registration has
been adopted by popular vote, (e) All counties hav-
ing 50,000 inhabitants or over. (/) In cities of 10,000 or
over.
NOTE The word "citizen" as used In above table
means citizen of the United States in all cases.
As shown In the above table women have full
suffrage in Colorado, Idaho, Utah and Wyoming.
In a more or less limited form, relating to taxa-
tion and school matters, woman suffrage exists In
Arizona, California, Delaware, Idaho, Illinois, In-
diana, Iowa. Kansas. Kentucky, Louisiana, Massa-
chusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebras-
ka. Nevada. New Hampshire. New Jersey, North
Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas,
Vermont, Washington and Wisconsin.
CITIZENSHIP IN THE UNITED STATES.
All persons born or naturalized In the United
States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are
citizens of the United States and of the state
wherein they reside. (Fourteenth amendment to
the constitution.)
All persons born In the United States and not
subject to any foreign power, excluding Indians
not taxed, are declared to be citizens of the United
States. (Sec. 1992, U. S. Revised Statutes.)
All children heretofore born or hereafter born out
of the limits and Jurisdiction of the United States,
whose fathers were or may be, at the time of their
birth, citizens thereof, are declared to be citizens
of the United States: but the rights of citizenship
shall not descend to children whose fathers never
resided in the United States. (Sec. 1993, U. B.
Revised Statutes.)
Any woman who Is now or may hereafter be
married to a citizen of the United States and who
might herself be lawfully naturalized shall be
deemed a citizen. (Sec. 1995. U. S. Revised Stat-
utes.)
Children born in the United States of alien par-
ents are citizens of the United States.
When any alien who has formally declared his
Intention of becoming a citizen of the United
States dies before he is actually naturalized the
widow and children of such alien are citizens.
Children of Chinese parents who are themselves
aliens and incapable of becoming naturalized are
citizens of the United States.
Children born in the United States of persons
engaged in the diplomatic service of foreign gov-
ernments are not citizens of the United States.
Children born of alien parents on a vessel of a
foreign country while within the waters of the
United States are not citizens of the United
States, but of the country to which the vessel be-
longs.
Children born of alien parents in the United
States have the right to make an election of na-
tionality when they reach their majority.
Minors and children are citizens within tin*
meaning of the term as used in the constitution.
Deserters from the military or naval service of
the Unlt<>d States are liable to loss of citizenship.
Any alion being a free white nerson, an alien of
African nativity or of African descent may become
an American citizen by complying with the nat-
uralization laws.
"Hereafter no state cour* or court of the United
States shall admit Chinese to citizenship; and all
laws in conflict with this act are repealed." (Sec.
14, act of May 6, 1882.)
104
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
The courts have held that neither Chinese. Jap-
anese, Hawaiians, Burmese nor Indians can be nat-
uralized.
The naturalization laws apply to women as well
as men. An alien woman who marries a citizen,
native or naturalized, becomes a naturalized citi-
zen of the United States.
Aliens may become citizens of the United States
by treaties with foreign powers, by conquest or by
special acts of congress.
In an act approved March 2, 1907, it Is provid-
ed that any American citizen shall have expatria-
ted himself when he has been naturalized in any
foreign state in conformity with its laws, or vshen
he has taken an oath of allegiance to any foreign
state.
When any naturalized citizen shall have resided
for two years in the foreign state from which he
came, or five years in any other foreign state, it
shall be presumed that he has ceased to be an
American citizen, and the place of his general
abode shall be deemed his place of residence dur-
ing said years; provided, however, that such pre-
sumption may be overcome on the presentation of
satisfactory evidence to a diplomatic or consular
officer of the United States, under such rules and
regulations as the department of state may pre-
scribe; and, provided also, that no American citi-
zen shall be allowed to expatriate himself when
this country is at war.
Any American woman who marries a foreigner
shall take the nationality of her husband. At the
termination of the marital relation she may re-
sume her American citizenship, if abroad, by reg-
istering as an American citizen within one year
with a consul of the United States, or by return-
ing to reside in the United States, or, if residing
in the United States at the termination of the
marital relation, by continuing to reside therein.
Any foreign woman who acquires American citi-
zenship by marriage to an American citizen shall
be assumed to retain the same after the termina-
tion of the marital relation if she continue to re-
side in the United States, unless she makes form-
al renunciation thereof before a court having ju-
risdiction to naturalize aliens, or, if she resides
abroad, she may retain, her citizenship by register-
ing as such before a United States consul within
one year after the termination of such marital re-
lation.
A child born without the United States, of alien
parents, shall be deemed a citizen of the United
States by virtue of the naturalization of or re-
sumption of American citizenship of the parent;
provided that such naturalization or resumption
takes place during the minority of such child; and,
provided further, that the citizenship of such mi-
nor child shall begin at the time such minor child
begins to reside permanently in the United States.
All children born outside the limits of the
United States, who are citizens thereof in accord-
ance with the provisions of section 1993 of the Re-
vised Statutes of the United States (see above),
and who continue to reside outside of the United
States, shall, in order to receive the protection of
the government, be required, upon reaching the
age of 18 years, to record at an American con-
sulate their intention to become residents and re-
main citizens of the United States and shall fur-
ther be required to take the oath of allegiance to
the United States upon attaining their majority.
NATURALIZATION LAWS.
Approved June 29, 1906.
Exclusive jurisdiction to naturalize aliens resi-
dent in their districts is conferred upon the United
States Circuit and District courts and all courts
of record having a seal, a clerk and jurisdiction
in actions in law or equity or both in which the
amount in controversy is unlimited.
An alien may be admitted to citizenship in th
following manner and not otherwise:
1. He shall declare on oath before the clerk of
the proper court at least two years before his ad-
mission, and after he. has reached the age of IS
years, that it is bona fide his intention to become
a citizen of the United States and to renounce
allegiance to any foreign state or sovereignty.
Such declaration shall set forth the same facts
as are registered at the time of his arrival.
2. Not less than two years nor more than seven
after he has made such declaration he shall file
a petition, signed by himself and verified, in which
he shall state his name, place of residence, occu-
pation, date and place of birth, place from which
he emigrated, name of the vessel on which he ar-
rived; the time when and the place and name of
the court where he declared his intention of be-
coming a citizen; if he is married, he shall state
the name of his wife, the country of her nativity
and her place of residence at the time the peti-
tion is filed, and if he has children, the name,
date and place of birth and place of residence of
each child living. The petition shall also set forth
that he is not a disbeliever in or opposed to organ-
ized government or a member of any body of per-
sons opposed to organized government, and that
lie Is not a polygamist or a believer in polygamy;
that he intends to become a citizen of and to
live permanently in the United States, and every
other fact material to his naturalization and re-
quired to be proved upon the final hearing of his
application. The petition shall be verified by the
affidavits of at least two credible witnesses who
are citizens. At the time of the filing of the peti-
tion there shall be also filed a certificate from the
department of commerce and labor stating the
date, place and manner of his arrival in the
United States and the declaration of intention of
such petitioner, which certificate and declaration
shall be attached to and be a part of his petition.
3. He shall, before he is admitted to citizen-
ship, declare on oath in open court that he will
support the constitution of the United States,
and that he absolutely renounces all allegiance to
any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty.
4. It shall be made apparent to the satisfaction
of the court admitting any alien to citizenship
that immediately preceding the date of his appli-
cation he has resided continuously within the
United States five years at least, and within
the state or territory where such court Is at
the time held one year at least, and that during
that time he has behaved as a man of good moral
character, attached to the principles of the consti-
tution. In addition to the oath of the .applicant,
the testimony of at least two witnesses, citizens
of the United States, as to the facts of residence,
moral character and attachment to the principles
of the constitution shall be required.
5. He must renounce any hereditary title or
order of nobility which he may possess.
6. When any alien, who has declared his inten-
tion, dies before he is actually naturalized the
widow and minor children may. by complying
with the other provisions of the act, be natural-
ized without making any declaration of intention.
Immediately after the filing of the petition the
clerk of the court shall give notice thereof by
posting in a public place the name, nativity and
residence of the alien, the date and place of bis
arrival in the United States and the date for the
final hearing of his petition and the names of the
witnesses whom the applicant expects to summon
In his behalf. Petitions for naturalization may
be filed at any time, but final action thereon shall
be had only on stated days and in no case until
at least ninety days have elapsed after the filing
of the petition. No person shall be naturalized
within thirty days preceding a general election
within the territorial jurisdiction of the court.
No person who disbelieves in or who is opposed
to organized government, or who is a member of
or affiliated with any organization entertaining
and teaching such disbelief in or opposition to or-
ganized government, or who advocates or teaches
the duty, necessity or propriety of the unlawful
assaulting or killing of any officer or officers of
the government of the United States, or of any
other organized government, because of his or
their oSicial character, or who is a polygamist.
shall be naturalized.
No alien shall hereafter be naturalized or ad-
mitted as a citizen of the United States who
cannot speak the English language. This require-
ment does not apply to those physically unable
to comply with it: or to those making homestead
entries upon the public lands of the United States
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
105
PRESIDENTIAL VOTE (1828-1908).
YB.
Candidate.
Party.
Popular
vote.
IVr
cent.
Elec-
toral
vote.
YR.
Candidate.
Party.
Popular
vote.
Per
cent
Elec
toral
vote.
1828
1S','S
is:;-
1832
is:;-.'
is:;-j
is:u;
is;*;
ISitl
is*;
1836
1840
1840
1840
1844
1844
1844
1848
1S4S
1848
1852
isx 1
1852
is.v;
is,
is.y,
i-t>i
IS60
18t
I860
1864
lst,4
1868
IS6S
1S7-J
1872
1872
1872
i.sTt;
is7t;
IST6
is:.;
1876
1880
1S80
1880
Jackson
Democrat..
Federal
Democrat..
Whig
Whig.
Anti-M
Democrat..
Whig
Whig
Whig
Whig
Democrat. .
Whig
Liberty
Democrat. .
Whig
Liberty
Whig
Democrat. .
Free Soil . . .
Democrat. .
Whig
Free Soil...
Democrat. .
Republican
American..
Democrat. .
Democrat. .
Republican
Union
Democrat. .
Republican
Democrat. .
Republican
Democrat. .
Ind. Dem...
Republican
T'mpera'ce
Democrat. .
Republican
Greenback.
Prohibition
American..
Democrat. .
Republican
Greenback.
647,231
509,097
687,502
530,189
\ 33,108
761,549
736,656
1,128,702
1,275.017
7,059
1,337,243
1,299.068
62,300
1,360,101
1,220.544
291,263
1,601,474
1,380,678
156,149
1,838,169
1,341,264
874,534
1,375,157
845.763
1,866.352
589.581
1,808,725
2.216,067
2.709,613
3.015,071
2,834,079
29,408
3,597,070
5.608
4,284.885
4,033,950
81,740
9,522
2,636
4,442,035
4,449,053
307.306
55.97
44.03
54.96
42.39
2.65
50.83
49.17
46.82
52.89
.39
49.55
48.14
2.31
47.36
42.50
10.14
51.03
43.99
4.98
45.34
33.09
21.57
29.40
IS. OS
39.91
12.61
55.06
44.94
47.33
52.67
43.83
.45
55.63
.09
50.94
47.95
.97
.11
.03
48.23
48.31
3.34
178
83
219
49
11
170
73
26
14
11
60
234
'"iio
105
107
"'254
42
'"iii
114
8
12
72
180
39
21
216
80
214
*66
'"292
"'184
185
'"i55
214
ISSfl
KSO
1884
ISS4
1SS4
bst
1SSS
1SSS
1SX8
1888
1888
189'J
1-W
1892
1S92
ISjki
IS'.Hi
K>ii
IS96
1900
1900
11HHI
1900
1900
1900
Ml
UK iO
I'.KU
1904
1904
1904
1904
1904
1904
unis
in is
1908
1 90*
1908
1908
1908
1908
Dow
Prohibition
American..
Democrat. .
Republican
Greenback.
Prohibition
Democrat. .
Republican
Union Lab.
Prohibition
United Lab
Democrat. .
Republican
Prohibition
People's
Socialist....
Republican
Democrat. .
Prohibition
National...
10,487
707
4,911,017
4,848.334
133,825
151,809
5,540,050
5,444,837
146,897
250,125
2,808
5,554,414
5,190,802
271,058
1,027,329
21,164
7,035,638
6,467.946
141.676
13,969
36,454
.11
.01
48.89
48.27
1.33
1.51
48.66
47.82
1.29
2.20
.03
46.04
43.02
2.24
8.51
.19
50.88
46.77
1.03
.10
27
'"2i9
182
'"i68
233
' ' '277
145
" "22
'"271
176
Phelps
Cleveland
Blaine
Jackson
Clay
Floyd
Win
Van Buren
Harrison
White
Webster
Manotim
Van Buren
Harrison
Butler
Cleveland
Flsk
Cleveland
Harrison
Bidwell
Polk
Weaver
Clay
Birney
Taylor
Wing
McKlnley
Bryan , ..
Van Buren
Pierce
Scott
Hale
Bentley
Matchett
Palmer
McKinley.
Nat. Dem...
Republican.
Democrat . .
Prohibition
People's
Soc. Dem... .
Soc. Lab
United Chr.
Union R....
Republican
Democrat . .
Prohibition
Socialist
People's
Soc. Lab
131,529
7,219,530
6,358.071
209.166
50.232
4,76b
32,751
518
5,098
7,628,834
5,084,491
259.257
402.460
114,753
33,724
.95
51.69
45.51
1.49
.37
.67
.23
.01)
.04
56.41
37.60
1.91
2.98
.85
.25
'"292
155
'"336
Mil
Buchanan
Woolley
Fillmore
Douglas
Breckinridge...
Barker
Debs
Malloney
Bell
McClellan
Ellis
Parker
Grant
Debs
Greeley
O'Conor.
Watson
Corregan
Continental
Republican
Democrat...
Prohibition
Socialist....
People's
Ind'p'nd'ce.
Soc. Lab....
Untd. Chr..
too
7.679,006
6.409.106
252,ti83
420,820
28,131
83,562
13,825
461
.00
51.58
43.05
1.69
2.83
.19
.56
.10
.00
'"321
162
Black
Taft
Bryan
Chiitin
Tilden
Debs
Smith
Walker
Hancock
Gartield
Gillhaus
Turney
Weaver
Owing to the death of Mr. Greeley. the 66 electoral votes were variously cast. Thomas A.
received 42, B. Gratz Brown 18, Horace Greeley 3, Charles J. Jenkins 2. David Davis 1.
PARTY PLURALITIES AND TOTAL VOTE.
Year.
1828
Republican
Democratic.
138.134
157.313
24,893
' 38', 175
' 226!796
496,905
Total vote.
1,156,328
1,250.799
1,498,205
2,410,778
2,698,611
2,871,928
"3.138.301
4.053.967
4.676,863
4.024,792
5.724.684
Year.
1872
Republican. Demo(
762,931
ratic. Total vote.
6,466,165
935 8,412,733
9,209,588
683 10,044,985
713 11.384,216
612 12,064,767
13,827,212
13,970.134
13,524,349
t!4,887,B94
1832
1876
260
1836
1880
7,018
1840
146 315*
1884
62
1844
1888
95
1848 .
139,557*
1892
363
1852
1896
567,692
1856
1900
861.459
I860
491 195
1904
2 544.343
1864
407 342
1908
1,269,900
1868...
305.458
Whig, tlncludes 461 votes cast for United Christian party.
Feet.
Antarctic ....' 10.800
Arctic 5,160
Atlantic 12.200
Indian 11.136
The mean depth of all the oceans and seas Is
estimated to be from 2 to 2% miles. The greatest
depth reported Is 31,614 feet, or nearly 6 miles.
LONGEST RIVERS OF THE WORLD.
Miles In
length.
_ 2.600
Niger 2.600
Yenisei 2,500
Volga 2,323
AVERAGE DEPTH OF OCEANS AND SEAS.
Feet.
Pacific 12.960
Baltic 122
Bering 900
Caribbean 7,614
River.
Mississippi-
Missouri . . .
Miles in
length.
4,194
River.
Yangtsekiang .
LaPlata
Miles In
length. Ri
3.000 Meh
2,950 Nigc
Nile
3 670
2,860 Yen
3,300
2,300 Volj
Ob
3,235
Amur
2,700
Miles In
River. length.
Hwangho 2,300
Yukon 2,050
Colorado 2.000
Indus 2,000
Feet.
China 402
Japan 7,320
Mediterranean 4,560
near the island of GUI
greatest known depth i
feet, off the coast of P(
Mexico. Gulf of..
North
Okhotsk
Feet.
. 4,632
. 300
5,040
im in the Pacific,
n the Atlantic Is
>rto Rico.
The
27,366
106
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1912.
The nest president and Ylce-president of the
Dnttod States will be chosen Nov. 5, 1912. As is
well known, these officials are not elected directly
by the people, but by electors, who are voted for
on t'a-2 party tickets on the date named. The
electors chosen will meet Monday, Jan. 13, 1913.
in their respective states and vote by ballot for
president and vice-president of the United States.
The result will be transmitted to the president of
the senate in Washington, Wednesday, Feb. 12,
1913, the electoral votes will be opened and count-
ed in the presence of both houses of congress and
the result announced by the president of the senate.
While the president and vice-president are thug
formally elected in 1913, the actual choice is made
in 1912. In the spring and summar of that year
national party conventions will be held for the
nomination of candidates for president and vice-
president of the United States for the term be-
ginning March 4, 1913. These conventions are not
provided for by the constitution, but it has become
the invariable rule that the candidates presented
by them are voted for by the presidential electors.
The latter are nominated at the state party con-
ventions or primaries and are elected on the first
Tuesday after the first Monday of every fourth
year preceding the end of the presidential term.
Each state is entitled to as many electors as It
has senators and representatives. No senator or
representative or person holding an office of trust
or honor under the United States may be an
elector. The twelfth amendment to the constitu-
tion prescribes how the electors shall meet and;
cast tl eir ballots and how congress shall count
the votes. The article is as follows:
"The electors shall meet in their respective
states and vote by ballot for president and vice-
presidort, one of whom at least snail not be an
inhabitant of the same state with themselves;
they shall name in their ballots the person voted for
as president, and in- distinct ballots the person
voted for as vice-president, and they shall make
distinct lists of all persons voted for as president
and of all persons voted for as vice-president, and
of the number of votes for each, which list they
shall sign and certify and transmit, sealed, to the
seat of the government of the United States, di-
rected to the president of the senate.
"The president of the senate shall, in the pres-
ence of the senate and house of representatives,
open all the certificates and the votes shall then
be counted; the person having the greatest number
of votes for president shall be the president, it
such number be a majority of the whole number
of electors appointed; and if no person have such
majority, then from the persons having the high-
est numbers, not exceeding three, on the list of
those voted for as president, the house of rep-
resentatives shall choose immediately by ballot
the president. But in choosing 'he president the
votes shall be taken by states, the representation
from each state having one vote; a quorum for
this purpose shall consist of a member or members
from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of
all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And
if the house of representatives shall not choose a
president, whenever the right of choice shall de-
volve upon them, before the 4th 'lay of March next
following, then the vice-president shall act as
president, as in the case of the death or other
constitutional disability of the president.
"The person having the greatest number of votes
as vice-president sliall be the vict -president, if
such number be a majority of the whole number
of electors appointed, and if no person have a ma-
jority, then from the two highest numbers on the
list the senate shall choose the vice-president; a
quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds
of the whole number of senators, and a majority of
the whole number shall be necessary to a choice.
But no person constitutionally ineligible to the of-
fice of president shall be eligible to that of vice-
president of the United States."
Section 5, article II., of the constitution pre-
scribes the qualifications of the president as fol-
lows:
"No person except a natural born citizen or a
citizen of the United States at the time of the
adoption of the constitution shall be eligible to the
office of president; neither shall any person be
eligible to that office who shall net have attained,
to the age of 35 years and been fourteen years a
resident within the United States."
The qualifications of the vice-president are the
same as those of the president.
TEEMS OF ELECTIVE OFFICIALS.
In Illinois. Cook County and Chicago.
Office. Years.
State Representatives 2
Senators 4
Governor 4
Lieutenant-governor 4
Secretary of state 4
Treasurer 2
Auditor 4
Attorney-general 4
Supt. public instruction 4
University trustees 4
Members board equalization 4
Judges Supreme court 9
Clerk Supreme court 6
Appellate court clerks 6
Cook County Commissioners 2
Pres. county commissioners 2
Sheriff 4
Office. Years.
Treasurer 4
Coroner 4
State's attorney I
Superintendent of schools 4
County clerk 4
Recorder 4
County judge 4
Probate judge 4
Clerk Probate court 4
Circuit court judges fl
Clerk Circuit court 4
Judges Superior court 6
Clerk Superior court 4
Clerk Criminal court 4
Assessors 8
Members board of review 6
Chicago Mayor 4
Office. Years.
Aldermen 3
City clerk S
City treasurer 2
Municipal court judges o
Chief justice Municipal court.. 6
Clerk Municipal court 6
Bailiff Municipal court; 6
Sanitary district trustees B
President sanitary board e
County officers throughout the
state are elected for four years.
Township officers, such as super-
visors, assessors, collectors and
town clerks, are elected for one-
year terms. Highway commis-
sioners are elected for three
years.
TERRITORIAL GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES.
ACQUISITION.
Year ac-
quired. I]
Area in
sq. miles-
Price
paid.
ACQUISITION.
se 00 5|Yearac-|
i S "! quired, :
Area in
sq. miles.
Price
paid.
Eriginal territory
18(13
ISI'.I
1845
1850
1848
1853
1ST.7
827,844
1,182,752
59.268
371.063
96.707
522,568
45.535
590.884
' 127,267,621
6,489,768
Annexed
16.000.0UO
15,000,000
10.000.000
7.000,000
Hawaii..
6.449
3.600)
114,000 }
2n
400
Annexed
*20,000,000
Porto Rico )
Florida .
Philippine islands >
Texas
Wake island
Annexed
Annexed
100,000
Gadsden purchase (from
Mexico)
Alaska
1900
1900
70
Cagayan de Jolo )
Sibutu 5
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
107
NATIONAL NOMINATING CONVENTIONS SINCE 1880.
Place and date of each and names of nominees
for president and vice-president in the order named:
1880 Democratic: Cincinnati, O., June 22-24;
Winfield S. Hancock and William H. English.
Republican: Chicago. 111.. June 2-8; James A.
Garfield and Chester A. Arthur.
Greenback: Cuicago. 111., June 9-11; James B.
Weaver and B. J. Chambers.
Prohibition: Cleveland. O., June 17; Neal Duw
and A. M. Thompson.
1884 Democratic: Chicago, 111., July 8-11; Grover
Cleveland and Thomas A. Hemlrieks.
Republican: Chicago. 111., June 3-ti; James G.
Blalne and John A. Logan.
Greenback: Indianapolis, Ind., May 28-29; Ben-
jamin F. Butler and Alanson M. West.
American Prohibition: Chicago, 111., June 19;
Samuel C. Pomeroy and John A. Couant.
National Prohibition: Plttsburg. Pa., July 23;
John P. St. John and William Daniel.
Anti- Monopoly: Chicago. 111.. May 14; Benja-
min F. Butler and Alanson M. West.
Equal Rights: San Francisco. Cal., Sept. 20;
Mrs. Belva A. Lockwood and Mrs. Marietta L.
Stow.
1888 Democratic: St. Louis, Mo., June 5; Grover
Cleveland and Allen G. Thurrnan.
Republican: Chicago. 111., June 19; Benjamin
Harrison and Lev! P. Morton.
Prohibition: Indianapolis, Ind., May 20; Clinton
B. Fisk and John A. Brocks.
Union Labor: Cincinnati, O.. May 15; Alson J.
Streeter and Samuel Evans.
United Labor: Cincinnati. O.. May 15; Robert
H. Cowdrey and W. H. T, Wakefleld.
American: Washington. D. C., Aug. 14; James
L. Curtis and James R. Greer.
Equal Rights: Des Moines. Iowa. May 15; Mrs.
Belva A. Lockwood and Alfred H. Love.
1892 Democratic: Chicago. 111., June 21; Grover
Cleveland and Adlai E. Stevenson.
Republican: Minneapolis. Minn., June 7-10; Ben-
jamin Harrison and Whitelaw Reid.
Prohibition: Cincinnati. O., June 29; John Bid-
well and J. B. Cranflll.
National People's: Omaha, Neb., July 2-5;
James B. Weaver and James G. Field.
Socialist-Labor: Ntw York. N. Y., Aug. 28;
Simon Wing and Charles H. Matchett.
1896-^DemocTatlc: Chicago, 111.. July 7; William
J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall.
Republican: St. Louis. Mo., June 16; William
McKinley and Garret A. Hobart.
People's Party: St. Louis. Mo., July 22; Wil-
liam J. Bryan and Thomas E. Watson.
Silver Party: St. Louis. Mo.. July 22; William
J. Bryan and Arthur Sewall.
National Democratic: Indianapolis, Ind., Sept.
2: John M. Palmer and Simon B. Buckner.
Prohibition: Plttsburg, Pa., May 27; Joshua Lev-
ering and Hale Johnson.
National Party: Pittsburg. Pa.. May 28; Charles
E. Bent ley and James H. Southgate.
Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y., July 6;
Charles H. Matchett and Matthew Maguire.
1900 Democratic : Kansas City, Mo., July 4-0;
William J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson.
Republican: Philadelphia, Pa., June 19-21; Wil-
liam McKinley and Theodora Roosevelt.
People's Party: Sioux Falls, S. D.. May 9-10;
Willium J. Bryan and Adlai E. Stevenson.
People's Party (Middle-of-the-Road) : Cincinnati.
O., May 9-10; Wharton Barker and Ignatius
Donnelly.
Silver Republican: Kansas City, Mo., July 4-6;
William J. Bryan nnd Adlai E. Stevenson.
Prohibition: Chicago. 111., June 27-28; John Q.
Woolley and Henry B. Metcalf.
Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y., June 2-8;
Joseph P. Malloney and Valentine Rommel.
Social Democratic Party of the United States:
Rochester. N. Y., Jan 27; Job Harriman and
Max S. Hayes.
Social Democratic Party of America: Indianap-
olis. Jnd., March 6; Eugene V. Debs and Job
Harriman.
Union Reform: Baltimore, Md., Sept. 3; Seth
W. Ellis and Samuel T. Nicholson.
1904 Democratic: St. Ixrais, Mo., July 6-9; Alton
B. Parker and Henry G. Davis.
Republican: Chicago. 111., June 21-23; Theodore
Roosevelt and Charles W. Fairbanks.
People's party: Springfield. 111.. July 4-6;
Thomas E. Watson and Thomas H. Tibbies.
Prohibition: Indianapolis. Ind., June 29-July 1;
Silas C. Swallow and George W. Carroll.
Socialist-Labor: New York. N. Y., July 3-9;
Charles H. Corregan and William W. Cox.
Socialist-Democratic Party of America: Chicago,
111., May 1-6; Eugene V. Debs and Benjamin
Hanford.
Continental: Chicago. 111.. Aug. 31; Charles H.
Howard and George H. Shibley. (Nominees
declined and Austin Holcomb and A. King
were substituted by 'the national committee.)
1008 Republican : Chicago, June 16-19; William
H. Taft and James S. Sherman.
Democratic: Denver. July 7-10; William J. Bry-
an and John W. Kern.
Socialist: Chicago. May 10-18; Eugene V. Debs
and Benjamin Hanford.
Prohibition: Columbus, O., July 15-16; Eugene
W. Chafin and Aaron S. Watkins.
Independence: Chicago, July 27-28; Thomas L.
Hlsgen and John Temple Graves.
People's: St. Louis, April 2-3; Thomas E. Wat-
son and Samuel W. Williams.
United Christian: Rock Island. 111.. May 1;
Daniel Braxton and L. S. Coflin.
Socialist-Labor: New York, July 2-5: Martin R.
Preston and Donald L. Munro. (Preston de-
clined and August Gillhaus was named in his
place.)
THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE.
The president and vice-president of the United
States are not elected directly by the people, but
by the members of an electoral college who are
voted for at th regular presidential elections.
Each state is entitled to as many representatives
states, based upon the"apportfouuieut 01 representa-
tives made by congress under the census of 1900:
State.
Alabama
Arkansas
Electoral
vote.
11
9
State.
Kentucky
Louisiana
Electoral
vote.
13
, . . 9
1
State.
New Hampshire
New Jersey ...
New York ....
Electoral
vote.
4
IS
39
Y State.
Tennessee ....
Electoral
vote.
18
Texas
Utah
18
3
California
. 10
Colorado
Connecticut . .
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
B
'7
'.'. '.'.'.'. 13
3
27
15
13
10
Maryland .. ...
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
.Mississippi ...
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
S
16
14
11
10
]8
3
8
3
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
12
4
23
Vermont
Virginia
.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.' 12
S
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania ..
7
4
34
4
West Virginia
Wisconsin ....
7
IS
S
Total
ji
South Carolina
South Dakota
9
4
Necessary to choice... 24 J
108
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
NATIONAL PARTY PLATFORMS OF 1908.
[For full text see The Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1909, page 195.]
PEOPLE'S.
Adopted at St. Louis. April 3.
The people's party advocates the issuance of
money direct by the government to the people
without the intervention of the national banks,
to be distributed through federal and internal im-
provement: the public ownership of railroads and
other public utilities; homesteading of land; the
parcels post; governmental regulation of corpora-
tions by a general law regulating corporations do-
ing an interstate business; initiative and referen-
dum: direct vote for all public officers, with the
power of recall; federal statute recognizing the
principle of the initiative and referendum; giving
the people power of instructing their national rep-
resentatives in congress; abolition of child labor;
the eight-hour day; an employers' liability law;
condemnation of federal injunctions and gambling
on futures.
UNITED CHRISTIAN.
Reaffirmed at Rock Island.' 111., May 1.
The platform of the united Christian party la
based on the ten commandments and the golden
rule and favors direct primary elections, the in-
itiative, referendum, recall, uniform marriage and
divorce laws, equal rights for men and women,
government ownership of coal mines, oil wells and
public utilities; the regulation of trusts and the
election of the president and vice-president and
senators of the United States by the direct vote of
the people.
SOCIALIST.
Adopted at Chicago, May 17.
"We advocate and pledge ourselves and our
elected officers to the following programme:
"1. The immediate government relief for the un-
employed workers by building schools, by reforest-
ing of cutover and waste lands, by reclamation of
arid tracts, and the building of canals, and by ex-
tending all other useful public works. All persons
employed on such works shall be employed directly
by the government under an eight-hour workday
and at the prevailing union wages. The govern-
ment shall also loan money to states and munici-
palities, without interest, for the purpose of carry-
ing on public works. It shall contribute to the
funds of labor organizations for the purpose of
assisting their unemployed members, and shall
take such other measures within its power as will
lessen the widespread misery of the workers
caused bv the misrule of the capitalist class.
"2. The collective ownership of railroads, tele-
graphs, telephones, steamship lines and all other
means of social transportation and communication,
and all land.
"3. The collective ownership of all industries
which are organized on a national scale and in
which competition has virtually ceased to exist.
"4. The extension of the public domain to in-
clude mines, quarries, oil wells, forests and water
power.
"5. The occupancy and use of land to be the
sole title to possession. The scientific reforestation
of timber lands and the reclamation of swamp
lands. The land so reforested or reclaimed to be
permanently retained as a part of the public do-
main.
"6. The absolute freedom of press, speech and
assemblage.
"7. The improvement of the industrial condition
of the workers
(a). By shortening the workday In keeping with
the increased productiveness of machinery.
(b) By securing to every worker a rest perio-1
of not less than a day and a half in each week.
(c) By securing a more effective inspection of
workshops and factories.
(d) By forbidding the employment of children
under 16 years of age.
(e) By forbidding the interstate transportation
of the products of child labor, of convict labor
and of all uninspected factories.
(f) By abolishing official charity and substitut-
ing in its place compulsory insurance against un-
employment, illness, accidents, invalidism, old
age and death.
"8. The extension of inheritance taxes, gradu-
ated in proportion to the amount of the bequests
and to the nearness of kin.
"9. A graduated income tax.
"10. Unrestricted and equal suffrage for men and
women, and we pledge ourselves to engage in an
active campaign in that direction.
"11. The initiative and referendum, proportional
representation and the right of recall.
"12. The abolition of the senate.
"13. The abolition of the power usurped by the
Supreme court of the United States to pass upon
the constitutionality of legislation enacted by con-
gress. National laws to be repealed or abrogated
only by act of congress or by a referendum of the
whole people.
"14. That the constitution be made amendable by
a majority vote.
"15. The enactment of further measures for gen-
eral education and for the conservation of health.
The bureau of education to be made a department.
The creation of a department of public health.
"16. The separation of the present bureau of la-
bor from the department of commerce and labor,
and the establishment of a department of labor.
"17. That all judges be elected by the people for
short terms, and that the power to issue injunc-
tions shall be curbed by immediate legislation.
"18. The free administration of justice."
SOCIALIST LABOR.
Adopted at New York city, July 5.
The socialist labor party at its national conven-
tion in New York city, July 2-5, 1908, reaffirmed the
platform adopted in 1904. This, in substance, ad-
vocates the ending of the present struggle between
the capitalist and laboring classes by placing the
land and the means of production, transportation
and distribution into the hands of the people as a
collective body and substituting the co-operative
commonwealth for the present state of planless pro-
duction, industrial war and social disorder a com-
monwealth in which every worker shall have the
free exercise and full benefit of his faculties, mul-
tiplied by all the modern factors of civilization.
DEMOCRATIC.
Adopted at Denver, July 10.
The platform denounces the waste of the people's
money through extravagant appropriations by con-
gress and the increase in the number of office-
holders. It charges that the house of representa-
tives has ceased to be a deliberative and legislative
body, responsive to the will of the majority of its
members, and has come under the absolute domina-
tion of the speaker. It pledges the democratic
party to the enactment of a law preventing cor-
porations from making campaign contributions and
any individual from contributing an amount above
a reasonable maximum and providing for the pub-
lication of contributions. It opposes the extension
of the powers of the general government by judi-
cial construction and Insists that federal remedies
for the regulation of interstate commerce and for
the prevention of private monopoly shall be added
to, not substituted for, state remedies.
"We favor immediate revision of the tariff by the
reduction of Import duties. Articles entering into
competition with trust-controlled products should
be placed upon the free list and material reduc-
tions should be made In the tariff upon the neces-
saries of life, especially upon articles competing
with such American manufactures as are sold abroad
more cheaply than at home ; and graduate reduc-
tions should be made in such other schedules as
may be necessary to restore the tariff to a revenue
basis. We demand the immediate repeal of the
tariff on wood pulp, print paper, lumber, timber
and logs and that these articles be placed upon the
free list.
"A private monopoly Is Indefensible and Intoler-
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
109
able. Wo, therefore/ favor the vigorous enforcement
of the criminal law against guilty trust magnates
and officials, and demand the enactment of such ad-
ditional legislation as may be necessary to make it
impossible for a private monopoly to exist in the
United States. Among the additional remedies we
specify three: First, a law preventing a duplica-
tion of directors among competing corporations ;
second, a license system which will, without abridg-
ing the right of each state to create corporations.
or its right to regulate as it will foreign corpora-
tions doing business within its limits, make it nec-
essary for a manufacturing or trading corporation
engaged in interstate commerce to take out a fed-
eral license before it shall be permitted to control
as much as 25 per cent of the product in which it
deals, the license to protect the public from watered
stock and to prohibit the control by such corpora-
tions of more than 50 per cent of the total amount
of any product consumed in the United States ;
and third, a law compelling such licensed corpora-
tion to sell to all purchasers in all parts of the
country on the same terms, after making due allow-
ance for cost of transportation.
"We assert the right of congress to exercise com-
plete control over interstate commerce and the right
of each state to exercise like control over commerce
within its borders. We demand such enlargement
of the powers of the interstate-commerce commis-
sion as may be necessary to compel railroads to
perform their duties as common carriers and pre-
vent discrimination and extortion. We favor the
efficient supervision and rate regulation of rail-
roads engaged in interstate commerce, and to this
end we recommend the valuation of railroads by
the interstate-commerce commission, such valuation
to take into consideration the physical value of the
property, the original cost, cost of production and
all elements of value that will render the valuation
fair and just. We favor such legislation as will
prohibit the railroads from engaging in business
which brings them into competition with their
shippers, also legislation preventing the overissue
of stocks and bonds by interstate railroads and leg-
islation which will assure such reduction in trans-
portation rates as conditions will permit, care be-
ing taken to avoid reductions that would compel
a reduction of wages, prevent adequate service or
do injustice to legitimate investment. We favor
such legislation as will increase the power of the
interstate-commerce commission, giving to It the
Initiative with reference to rates and transporta-
tion charges put into effect by the railroad com-
panies and permitting the interstate-commerce com-
mission on its own initiative to declare a rate
illegal and as being more than should be charged
for such service. We further declare in favor of a
law providing that all agreements of traffic or
other associations of railway agents affecting in-
terstate rates, service or classification shall be un-
lawful unless filed with and approved by the inter-
state-commerce commission.
"We favor a postal savings bank, If the guaran-
teed bank cannot be secured, and believe that it
should be so constituted as to keep the deposited
money in the community where the depositors live.
But we condemn the policy of the republican party
in proposing postal savings banks under a plan of
conduct by which they will aggregate the deposits
of rural communities and redeposit the same while
under government charge in the banks of Wall
street, thus depleting the circulating medium of
the producing regions and unjustly favoring the
speculative markets.
"We favor an income tax as part of our revenue
system, and we urge the submission of a constitu-
tional amendment specifically authorizing congress
to levy and collect a tax upon individual and cor-
porate incomes, to the end that wealth may bear
its proportionate share of the burdens of the fed-
eral government.
"Experience has proved the necessity of a modifi-
cation of the present law relating to injunctions,
and we reiterate the pledges of our national plat-
forms of 1896 and 1904 in favor of the measure
which passed the United States senate in 1896. but
which a republican congress has ever since refused
to enact, relating to contempts in federal courts
and providing for trial by jury in caSes of indirect
contempt. Questions of judicial practice have
arisen, especially in connection with industrial dis-
putes. We deem that parties to all judicial pro-
ceedings should be treated with rigid impartiality
and that injunctions should not be issued In any
case in which injunctions would not issue if no
industrial dispute were involved."
The platform further pledges the democratic
party to the enactment of a general employers' lia-
bility law, to the creation of a federal department
of labor, represented separately in the president's
cabinet, to the upbuilding of the merchant marine
without bounties and to the maintenance of an ade-
quate navy. It favors a generous pension policy
and advocates the organization of a national bureau
of public health.
'We favor the election of United States senators
by direct vote of the people, and regard this reform
as the gateway to other national reforms.
"We earnestly favor the Immediate adoption of
a liberal and comprehensive plan for improving ev-
ery water course in the union which is justified by
the needs of commerce, and, to secure that end, we
favor, when practicable, the connection of the great
lakes with the navigable rivers and with the gulf,
through the Mississippi river, and the navigable
rivers with each other, and the rivers, bays and
sounds of our coasts with each other by artificial
canals, with a view to perfecting a system of in-
land waterways, to be navigated by vessels of
standard draft.
"We repeat the demand for internal development
and for the conservation of our natural resources
contained in previous platforms, the enforcement
of which Mr. Roosevelt has vainly sought from a
reluctant party ; and to that end we insist upon the
preservation, protection and replacement of needed
forests, the preservation of the public domain for
homeseekers, the protection of the nation's natural
resources in timber, coal, iron and oil against
monopolistic control, the development of our water-
ways for navigation and every other useful purpose,
including the irrigation of arid lands, the reclama-
tion of swamp lands, the clarification of streams, the
development of water power and the preservation of
electric power generated by this natural force from
the control of monopoly ; and to such end we urg<
the exercise of all powers, national, state and mu-
nicipal, both separately and In co-operation.
"We condemn the experiment in imperialism as an
inexcusable blunder which has Involved us in an
enormous expense, brought us weakness instead o
strength, and laid our nation open to the charge
of abandoning a fundamental doctrine of self-gov-
ernment. We favor an immediate declaration o
the nation's purpose to recognize the independence
of the Philippine islands as soon as a stable gov-
ernment can be established, such independence to
be guaranteed by us as we guarantee the Independ-
ence of Cuba, until the neutralization of the islands
can be secured by treaty with other powers. In
recognizing the independence of the Philippines our
government should retain such land as may be nec-
essary for coaling stations and naval bases.
PROHIBITIONIST.
Adopted at Columbus, O., July 16.
The prohibition party of the United States, as-
sembled in convention at Columbus. O., July 15-16,
1908, expressing gratitude to Almighty God for the
victories of our principles in the past, for en-
couragement at present and for confidence in early
and triumphant success in the future, makes the
following declaration of principles and pledges their
enactment into law when placed in power :
1. The submission by congress to the several
states of an amendment to the federal constitution
prohibiting the manufacture, sale, importation, ex-
portation or transportation of alcoholic liquors for
beverage purposes.
2. The immediate prohibition of the liquor traffic
for beverage purposes in the district of Columbia,
in the territories and all places over which the
national government has jurisdiction ; the repeal of
the internal revenue tax on alcoholic liquors and
the prohibition of interstate traffic therein.
3. The ejection of United States senator's by di-
rect vote of the people.
110
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1011.
4. Equitable graduated income and inheritance
taxes.
5. The establishment of postal savings banks and
the guaranty of deposits In banks.
6. The regulation of all corporations doing an
interstate-commerce business.
7. The creation of permanent tariff commissions.
8. The strict enforcement of law instead of offi-
cial tolerance and practical license of the social
evil which prevails in many of our cities, with its
unspeakable traffic in girls.
9. Uniform marriage and divorce laws.
10. An equitable and constitutional employers'
liability act.
11. Court review of postoffice department deci-
12." 'The prohibition of child labor in mines, work-
chops and factories.
13. Legislation basing suffrage only upon intelli-
gence and ability to read and write the English
language.
14. The preservation of the mineral and forest
resources of the country and the improvement of
the highways and waterways.
REPUBLICAN.
Adopted at Chicago, June 18.
"The republican party declares unequivocally for
a revision of the tariff by a special session of con-
gress immediately following the inauguration of
the next president, and commends the steps already
taken to this end in the work assigned to the ap-
propriate committees of congress which are now
investigating the operation and effect of existing
schedules. In all tariff legislation the true prin-
ciple of protection is best maintained by the impo-
sition of such duties as will equal the difference
between the cost of production at home and abroad,
together with a reasonable profit to American in-
dustries. We favor the establishment of maximum
and minimum rates to be administered by the pres-
ident under limitations fixed in the law, the maxi-
mum to be available to meet discriminations by for-
eign countries against American goods entering their
markets and the minimum to represent the normal
measure of protection at home ; the aim and pur-
pose of the republican policy being not only to pre-
serve, without excessive duties, that security against
foreign competition to which American manufactur-
ers, farmers and producers are entitled, but also
to maintain the high standard of living of the
wage earners of this country, who are the most
direct beneficiaries of the protective system. Be-
tween the United States and the Philippines we
believe in a free interchange of products with such
limitations as to sugar and tobacco as will afford
adequate protection to domestic interests.
"We approve the emergency measures adopted by
the government during the recent financial disturb-
ance, and especially commend the passage by con-
gress at the last session of the law designed to
protect the country from a repetition of such strin-
gency. The republican party is committed to the
development of a permanent currency system, re-
sponding to our greater needs, and the appointment
of the national monetary commission by the pres-
ent congress which will impartially investigate all
proposed methods insures the early realization of
this purpose.
"We favor the establishment of a postal savings
bank system for the convenience of the people and
the encouragement of thrift.
"The republican party passed the Sherman anti-
trust law over democratic opposition, and enforced
It after democratic dereliction. It has been n
wholesome instrument for good in the bands of a.
wise and fearless administration. But experience
has shown that its effectiveness can be strength-
ened and its real objects better attained by such
amendments as will give to the federal government
greater supervision and control over, and secure
greater publicity in, the management of that class
of corporations engaged in interstate commerce
having power and opportunity to effect monopolies.
"We approve the enactment of the railroad rate
law and the vigorous enforcement by the present
administration of the statutes against rebates and
discriminations, as a result of which the advan-
tages formerly possessed by the large shipper over
the small shipper have substantially disappeared,
aud in this connection we commend the appropria-
tion by the present congress to enable the inter-
state-commerce commission to thoroughly investigate
and give publicity to the accounts of interstate
railroads. We believe, however, that the inter-
state-commerce law should be further amended
so as to give railroads the right to make and pub-
lish traffic agreements subject to the approval of
the commission, but maintaining always the prin-
ciple of competition between naturally competing
lines and avoiding the common control of sucU
lines by any means whatsoever. We favor such
national legislation and supervision as will prevent
the future overissue of stocks and bonds by inter-
state carriers.
"The republican party will uphold at all times the
authority and integrity of the courts, state and
federal, and will ever insist that their powers to
enforce their process and to protect life, liberty
and property shall be preserved inviolate. We be-
lieve, however, that the rules of procedure in the
federal courts with respect to the issuance of the
writ of injunction should be more accurately de-
fined by statute and that no injunction or tempo-
rary restraining order should be issued without
notice, except where irreparable injury would re-
sult from delay, in which case a speedy hearing
thereafter should be granted.
"We indorse the movement inaugurated by the ad-
ministration for the conservation of natural re-
sources ; we approve all measures to prevent the
waste of timber ; we commend the work now going
on for the reclamation of arid lands, and reaffirm
the republican policy of the free distribution of the
available areas of the public domain to the landless
settler. No obligation of the future is more insist-
ent and none will result in greater blessings to pos-
terity. In line with this splendid undertaking is
the further duty, equally imperative, to enter upon
a systematic improvement upon a large and compre-
hensive plan, just to all portions of the country,
of the waterways, harbors and great lakes, whose
natural adaptability to the increasing traffic of the
land is one of the greatest gifts of a benign Provi-
dence.
"We adhere to the republican doctrine of encour-
agement to American shipping and urge such legis-
lation as will revive the merchant marine prestige
of the country, so essential to national defense, the
enlargement of foreign trade and the industrial
prosperity of our own people.
"We reaffirm our former declarations that the
civil-service laws enacted, extended and enforced
by the republican party shall continue to be main-
tained and obeyed.
"We commend the efforts designed to secure
greater efficiency in national public health agencies
and favor such legislation as will effect this pur-
pose.
"In the Interest of the great mineral industries
of our country we earnestly favor the establishment
of a bureau of mines and mining.
"We favor the immediate admission of the terri-
tories of New Mexico and Arizona as separate
states in the union."
INDEPENDENCE.
Adopted at Chicago, July 28.
"As of first importance, in order to restore the
power of government to the people, to make their
will supreme in the primaries, in the elections and
in the control of public officials after they have
been elected, we declare for direct nominations,
the initiative and referendum and the right of
recall.
"Representative government is made a mockery
by the system of modern party conventions domi-
nated by bosses and controlled by cliques. We de-
mand the natural remedy of direct nominations by
which the people not only elect but. which is far
more important, select their representatives.
"We believe in the principles of the initiative and
referendum and we particularly demand that no
franchise grant go into operation until the terms
and conditions have been approved by popular vote
in the locality interested.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Ill
"We demand for the people the right to recall
public officials from the public service. The power
to make officials resides In the people and In thorn
also should reside the power to unmake and remove
from office any official who demonstrates his unfit-
ness or betrays the public trust.
"Of next importance in destroying the power of
selfish special Interests and the corrupt political
bosses whom they control is to wrest from their
hands their main weapon, the corruption fund. ,
We demand severe and effective legislation against
all forms of corrupt practices at elections and ad-
vocate prohibiting the use of any money at elec-
tions except for meetings, literature and the nec-
essary traveling expenses of candidates.
"From the foundation of our government down to
1872 the federal judiciary act prohibited the Issue
of any injunction without reasonable notice until
after a hearing. We assert that In all actions
growing out of a dispute between employers and
employes concerning terms or conditions of employ-
ment no Injunction should issue until after a trial
upon the merits, that such trial should be had before
a jury and that In no case of alleged contempt
should any person be deprived of liberty without
a trial by jury.
"The independence party declares that the right to
Issue money is inherent in the government and H
favors the establishment of a central governmental
bank through which the money so issued shall be
put into general circulation.
"We demand a revision of the tariff, not by the
friends of the tariff, but by the friends of the peo-
ple, and declare for a gradual reduction of tariff
duties with just consideration for the rights of the
consuming public and of established industry.
There should be no protection for oppressive trusts
which sell cheaply abroad and take advantage of
the tariff at home to crush competition, raise
prices, control production and limit work and
wages.
"The parcels post system should be rapidly and
widely extended, and government postal savings
banks should be established where the people's de-
posits will be secure, the money to be loaned to
the people In the locality of the several banks and
at a rate of Interest to be fixed by the govern-
ment."
The platform also favored the passage of an ex-
clusion act to protect American workingmen from
competition with Asiatic cheap labor; the building
of a navy strong enough to protect at the same
time both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the
United States; the building of a ship canal from
the lakes to the gulf; the protection of American
citizens abroad; the popular election of United
States senators and of judges, both state and fed-
eral, and a graduated income tax.
DECISION IN THE DANBTTRY HATTERS' CASE.
In the United States Circuit court in Hartford,
Oonn., Fob. 4. 1910, a jury awarded I). E. Loewe
& Co.. hat manufacturers in Danbury. Conn., $74,-
000 damages in their suit against Martin Lawler
and 240 other members of the local unions of the
United Hatters of North America for conducting a
boycott against the hats made by the firm. Judge
J. P. Platt, who presided, instructed the jury to
find for the plaintiff !u:d fix the amount of the
damages. This was placed at the amount named,
but as the Sbermam antitrust act, under which the
fiction was brought, allows triple damages, the
judge multiplied the $74,000 by three, making the
total $222.000.
The suit was originally brought in the Circuit
court In 1903, when Loowe & Co. filed a bill al-
leging tl'at the labor organization had undertaken
to unionize the company's hat factory In Danbury,
and, failing to do so, had gone on a strike. This
ret was followed by the declaration of a boycott
against the firm's hats wherever they were found,
and as It controlled an extensive trade throughout
many states the boycott, in the language of the
bill, constituted a combination to l!mit and restrain
interstate commerce. On a demurrer by the hat-
ters' union, the Circuit court decided that the
Sherman law was inapplicable and dismissed the
case. The Court of Appeals, however, certified the
suit to the United States Supreme court, and that
tribunal, Feb. 3, 1908, reversed the decision of the
Circuit court, deciding without a dissenting voice
that boycotting, wlere it affected interstate com-
merce, was in violation of tho Sherman antitrust
act. (See The Dally News Almanac and Year-Book
for 1909, page 256.)
The case then went back to the Circuit court,
and after a trial lasting eleven weeks resulted as
stated a'x>ve. The suit was for $240, COO damages
and was instituted by the Antiboycott society
through Mr. Loewe. The hatters' union was sup-
Dorted by the American Federation of Labor.
THE HOMESTEAD IAW.
Any person who Is the head of a family, or who
is 21, years old and is a citizen of the United
States" or has filed his declaration of intention to
become such, and who is not the proprietor of more
than 160 acres of land in any state or territory, is
entitled to enter one-quarter section (160 acres) or
less quantity of unappropriated public land under
the homestead laws. The applicant must make af-
fidavit that" he is entitled to the privileges of the
homestead act and that the entry is made for his
exclusive use and for actual settlement and culti-
vation, and must pay the legal fee and that part
of the commission required, as follows: Fee for
160 acres, $10; commission, $4 to $12. Fee for
eighty acres, $5: commission. $2 to $6. Within
six months from the date of entry the settler must
take up his residence upon the land and cultivate
the same for five years continuously. At the ex-
piration of this period, or within two years there-
after, proof of residence and cultivation must be
established by four witnesses. The proof of settle-
ment, with the certificate of the register of the
land office. Is forwarded to the general land office
at Washington, from which a patent is issued.
Final proof cannot be made until the expiration
of five years from date of entry, and must be made
within seven years. The government recognizes
no sale of a homestead claim. After the expira-
tion of fourteen months from date of entry the
law allows the homesteader to secure title to the
tract. If so desired, by paying for It in cash and
making proof of settlement, residence and cultiva-
tion for that period.
The law allows only one homestead privilege to
any one person.
THE HYDE-SWOPE MURDER CASE,
Col. Thomas H. Swope, a millionaire philanthro-
pist of Independence, Mo., died under suspicious
circumstances Oct. 3, 1909. He was attended by
Dr. B. Clarke Hyde, husband of his niece. John
G. I'axton, executor of Col. Swopc's estate, and
MTS. I ogan Swopo, mother of Chrisman Swope,
who died in December, 1909. Instituted an investi-
gation, which resulted in the arrest of Dr. Hyde
on the charge of causing the death of Col. Swope.
Chemical analysis of a portion of the colonel's
stomach disclosed strychnine. It also appeared
that Dr. Hyde had purchased from another phy-
sician an active typhoid culture. Tliis was con-
nected with an epidemic of typhoid fever which
occurred In the Swope family in December, 1909.
The trial of Dr. Hyde began April 11, 1910. in
Kansas Oity. Mo., and 1 ended May 16 in a verdcit
of guilty. He was sentenced to life imprisonment
in the state penitentiary.
112
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS.
PRESIDENTS AND VICE-PRESIDENTS.
Secretaries of
state.
Secretaries of the
treasury.
Secretaries of
war.
178"
T. Jefferson 1789
E.Randolph 1794
T. Pickering 1795
Alex. Hamilton. .1789
Oliver Wolcott . . 1795
Henry Knox...l789
T. Pickering... 1795
Jas. McHenry.. 1796
.1789
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
.1797
1797
T. Pickering 1797
John Marshall... 1300
Oliver Wolcott... 1797
Samuel Dexter . .1801
Jas. McHenry.. 1797
John Marshal 1.1800
Sam'l Dexter.. 1800
R. Griswold....l801
.1801
James Madison . . 1801
Samuel Dexter.. 1801
Albert Gallatin. . 1801
H. Dearborn... 1801
.1801
180f
George Clinton
James Madison
tGeorge Clinton
180^
181
Robert Smith.... 1809
James Monroe.. .1811
Albert Gallatin. .1809
G.W.Campbell.. 1814
A.J.Dallas 1814
W. H. Crawford. 181B
Wm. Eustis....l809
J. Armstrong.. 1813
.Tames Monroe. 18H
W.H.Crawford 1815
Elbridge Gerry
181*
*J ames Monroe
Danie' D Tompkins
.1817
1817
J.Q.Adams 1817
W. H. Crawford. 1817
Isaac Shelby... 1817
Geo. Graham.. 1817
J. C. Caihoun.. 1817
Itf'n
Henry Clay 1825
Richard Rush. ...1825
Jas. Barbour. ..1825
Peter B.Porter.1828
John C. Caihoun
,182ft
Andrew Jackson
Wohn C. Callurtin
1821
.1829
.1833
M. Van Buren....l829
E. Livingston 1831
Louis McLane 1833
Sam. D. Ingham.1829
Louis McLane 1831
W. J. Duane 1833
JohnH. Eaten. 1829
Lewis Cass 1831
B. F. Butler 1837
John Forsyth.... 1834
Roger B. Taney.,1833
Lev! Woodbury.,1834
1887
John Forsyth... 1837
Lev! Woodbury..l837
JoelR.Poinsettl837
Richard M. Johnson
18S7
fWilllam H. Harrison
John Tyler
1H41
1841
Daniel Webster.. 1841
Thos. Ewing 1841
John Bell 1841
John Tyler
.184]
Daniel Webster. . 1841
Hugh 8. Legare..l843
AbelP.Upshur.,1843
John C. Calhoun.1844
Thos. Ewing 1841
Walter Forward. 1841
John C. Spencer..l843
Geo.M. Bibb 1844
John Bell 1841
John McLean.. 1841
J. C. Spencer... 1841
Jas.M. Porter.. 1843
Wm. Wilkins.,1844
IM:
James Buchananl845
Robt. J. Walker. 1845
Wm. L. Marcy. 1845
George M. Dallas
184ft
tZachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
1H41
,1849
John M. Clayton.1849
Wm .M.Meredith 1849
G.W. Crawford.1849
Millard Fillmore
185(1
Daniel Webster.. 1850
Edward Everett.,1852
Thomas Corwi n. . 1850
C. M. Conrad. . .1850
.1853
W. L. Marcy.. .1853
James Guthrie. ..1853
Jefferson Davis 1853
tWllliam R. King
1853
1KS7
Lewis Cass 1857
Howell Cobb 1857
John B. Floyd. .1857
John C. Breckinrldge
.1857
J.S. Black 1860
Philip F.Thomas.lStiO
John A. Dix 1861
Joseph Holt.... 1861
*t Abraham Lincoln
i>i
W. H. 8eward....l861
Salmon P. Chase. 1861
W.P. Fessenden.1864
HughMcCulloeh.1865
S. Cameron 1861
E. M. Stanton.,1862
1HC.1
Andrew Johnson
is5
Andrew Johnson
1865
W. H.Seward....l865
HughMcCulloch.1865
E. M. Stanton..l865
U. S. Grant 1867
L. Thomas 1868
J. M. Schofleld.1868
'Ulysses S. Grant
1Ht?l
E. B.Washburne.1869
Hamilton Fish... 1869
Geo. S.Boutwell 1869
W.A.Richardson.1873
Benj.H.Bristow.1874
Lot M. Merrill... 1876
J. A. Rawlrns.,1869
W.T.Sherman. 1869
W.W. Belknap.1869
Alphonso Taf 1. 1876
J. D. Cameron. 1876
Schuyler Colfax
istw
.1873
Rutherford B. Hayes
William A. Wheeler
.1877
.1877
W. M. Evarts....l877
John Sherman. .1877
G.W. McCrary. 1877
Alex. Ramsey. .1879
18S1
James G. Blaine,1881
Wm. Windom....l881
R. T. Lincoln. .1881
Chester A. Arthur
1881
1881
F. T. Frelinghuy-
sen 1881
Chas. J. Folger.. .1881
W. Q. Gresham . .1884
HughMcCulloch.1884
R.T.Lincoln. ..1881
1W
Thos. F. Bayard. 1885
Daniel Manning. 1885
Chas.S.Fairchim.1887
W.C. Endicott.1885
tThos. A. Hendricks
1885
.1881)
James G. Elaine. 1889
John W. Foster .1892
Wm. Windom....l88U
Charles Foster... 1891
R. Proctor 1889
S. B. Blkins....l891
LeviP.Morton
1889
Grover Cleveland
Adlai E. Stevenson
.1893
, 1893
W. Q. Gresham..l893
Richard Olney. . .1895
John G. Carlisle.. 1893
D.S. Lament... 1893
tWllliam McKinley
1897
John Sherman... 1897
Wm. R. Day 1897
John Hay 1898
LymanJ. Gage.. 1897
R. A. Alger 1897
Elihu Root 1899
tGarret A. Hobart
Theodore Roosevelt
.1897
i'.HII
.1901
John Hayt. . ...1901
ElihuRoot 1905
Robert Bacon.. . .1909
Lyman J. Gage.. 1901
Leslie M.Shaw.. 1902
G. B.Cortelyou.. 190-7
Elihu Root 1901
Wm. H. Taf t... 1904
Luke E.Wrightl908
Charles W. Fairbanks
.191)5
William H. Taf t
James 8. Sherman
.1909
1909
P.C. Knox 1S09
F. MacVeagb 1909
J. M.Dickinson. l'.)0!t
Elected two consecutive terms. tDied while in office. ^Resigned.
CHICAGO DAIUY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOIl 1911.
113
PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS.-CONTINUE1>.
Secretaries of the
navy.
Secretaries of the
interior.*
Postmasters-
general.t
Attorneys-
geueral.
Secretaries of
agriculture-^
Samuel Osgood 1789
Timothy Pickeringl791
Jos. Habersham....l795
E.Randolph 1789
Wm. Bradford.. .1794
Charles Lee 1795
Benjamin Stoddert. ...1798
Jos. Uabersham 1797
Charles Lee 1797
Theo. Parsons. . .1801
Benjamin Stoddert. ...1801
Robert Smith ..1801
Jos. Habersham...l801
Gideon Granger... 1801
Levi Lincoln 1801
Robt. Smith 1805
John Breck-
inrldge 1805
Jacob Crowninshield..l80o
C.A.Rodney 1807
Paul Hamilton . ..1809
Gideon Granger... 1809
R. J. Meigs, Jr 1814
C.A.Rodney 1809
Wm. Pinckney...l811
William Rush.. ..1814
William Jones . .. .1813
B. W. Crowninshield. .1811
B. W. Crowninshield..l817
Smith Thompson 1818
R. J.Meigs, Jr 1817
John McLean 1823
William Rush.... 1817
William Wirt.... 1817
8. L. Southard 1823
S. L. Southard 1825
lohn McLean 1825
William Wlrt.... 1825
Wm. T. Barry 1829
Amos Kendall 1835
John M. Berrien.1829
Roger B.Taney. .1831
B. F. Butler 1833
LevlWoodbury 1831
Mahlon Dickerson 1834
Mablon Dickerson.... 1837
AmosKen'dall 1837
JohnM. Niles 1840
B. F. Butler 1837
Felix Grundy... .1838
H. D. Gilpin 1840
%
George K. Badger 1841
Francis Granger. ..1841
J. J. Crittenden.1841
George E. Badger 1841
AbelP.Upshur 1841
David Henshaw 1843
Francis Granger. ..1841
C. A. Wickliffe 1841
J. J. Crittenden .1841
Hugh S.Legare.. 1841
John Nelson 1843
Thomas W. Gilmer. . . .1844
John Y. Mason 1844
George Bancroft 1845
John Y. Mason 1846
Cave Johnson 1845
John Y. Mason. .1845
Nathan Clifford.. 184(
1 saac Toucey 1848
William B. Preston . . .1849
Thomas Ewing 1849
Jacob Collamer 1849
Reverdy Johnson 1841
William A. Graham... 1850
John P. Kennedy 1852
Thomas A.Pearce..l850
T. M. T. McKernonl850
A. H.H.Stuart.... 1850
Nathan K. Hall.. ..1850
Sam D. Hubbard.. .1852
J. J. Crittenden..l850
James C. Dobbin 1853
Robt. McClelland. .1853
James Campbell. . .1853
Caleb Cushing. . .1853
Isaac Toucey 1857
Jacob Thompson. .1857
Aaron V. Brown. .1857
Joseph Holt 1859
J.S. Black 1857
Edw. M. Stan ton. ISO)
Gideon Welles 1861
Caleb B. Smith 1861
John P. Usher 1863
Montgomery Blair.1861
William Dennison.1864
Edward Bates... 1861
Titian J. Coffey.. 1863
James Speed 1864
Gideon Welles 1865
John P. Usher 1865
James Harlan 1865
O. H. Browning. . . .1866
William Dennison.1865
A.W.Randall 1866
James Speed 1865
Henry Stanbery .1866
Wm. M. Evarts...l868
Adolph E Borie 1869
Jacob D. Cox. .18t?J
J. A. J. Creswell...l869
Jas. W.Marshall... 1874
Marshall Jewell. . .1874
James N. Tyner...l876
E. R. Hoar 1869
A. T. Ackerman..l870
Geo. H. Williams . 187
Edw. Pierrepont.1875
Alphonso Taft...l87b
George M. Robeson . . .1869
Columbus Delano.. 1870
Zach Chandler 1875
R. W. Thompson 1877
Nathan Goff. Jr 1881
Carl Schurz 1877
David M. Key 1877
Horace Maynard. .1880
Chas. Devens 1877
W. H. Hunt 1881
S. J. Kirkwood 188 1
T.L. James 1881
W. Mac Veagh.,.. 1881
W. E. Chandler 1881
Henry M.Teller. ... 1881
T.O.Howe 1881
W.Q.Gresham 1883
Frank Hatton 1884
B. H. Brewster.. .1881
W.C. Whitney 1885
L. Q. C. Lamar.....l885
Wm. F. Vilas 1888
Wm. F. Vilas 1885
D.M.Dickinson 1888
A.H. Garland.... 1885
N. J. Colman.1889
Benj. F.Tracy 1889
John W. Noble 1889
J. Wanamaker 1889
W.H.H. Miller.. 1889
J. M. Rusk ..1889
Hilary A. Herbert.... 1893
Hoke Smith 1893
D. R. Francis 1896
W. S. Bissell 1893
W. L. Wilson 1895
R.Olney 1893
J. Harmon 1895
J. 8. Morton.1893
John D. Long 1897
C.N. Bliss 1897
E.A.Hitchcock 1898
James A.Gary 1897
Chas. E. Smith 1898
J.McKenna 1897
J. W. Griggs 1897
P.C.Knox 1901
J. Wilson 1897
John D. Long. ... ...1901
Wm. H. Moody 1902
E.A .Hitchcock 1901
J. R. Garneld 1907
Chas.E. Smith 1901
Henry C.Payne. ...1902
Robt. J.Wynne 1904
G.B.Cortelyou 1905
G. v.L.Meyer 1907
P.O. Knox 1901
W.H. Moody 1904
C.J.Bonaparte.. 1907
J.Wilson 1801
Paul Morton 1904
C. J. Bonaparte 1905
Victor H. Metcalf.. ..19W
Truman II. Newberry 1908
G. von L. Myer 190!)
R. A. Ballinirer....l909
F.H.Hitchcock.... 1909
G.W.Wickersh'mlflOH
J.Wilson 1H09
Secretaries of Commerce and Labor y '(department established Feb. 14, 1903) George B. Cortelyou, 1903;
Victor H. Metcalf, 1904-1906; Oscar S. Straus, 1907-1909: Charles Nagel, 1909.
This department was established by an act of congress March 3, 1849. tNot a cabinet officer until 1S2'J
^Established Feb. 11,1889.
114
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
PAST POLITICAL COMPLEXION OF THE STATES. %
R.. republican; W., whiff; D., democratic; U., union; A., American; A. M.. anti-Masonic; N. R.. national
republican; P., populist.
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In five states in 1892 the electoral vote was di-
vided: California gave 8 electoral votes for
Cleveland and 1 for Harrison and Ohio gave 1
for Cleveland and 22 for Harrison; in Michigan,
by act of the legislature, each congressional dis-
trict voted separately for an .elector; In Oregon
1 of the 4 candidates for electors on the people's
party ticket was also on the democratic ticket;
In North Dakota 1 of the 2 people's party elect-
ors cast his vote for Cleveland, this causing the
electoral vote of the state to be equally divided
among Cleveland. Harrison and Weaver. Ih 1896
California gave 8 electoral votes to McKinley and
1 to Bryan; Kentucky gave 12 to McKinley and
1 to Bryan. In Maryland in 1904 7 of the presi-
dential electors chosen were democrats and 1
republican. In 1908 Maryland elected 6 demo-
cratic and 2 republican electors.
PARTY LINES IN CONGRESS SINCE 1881.
CONGRESS.
Years.
SENATE.
HOUSE.
CONGRESS.
Years.
SENATE.
HOUSE.
o.
3
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1881-1888
1888-1885
18S5-1887
18^7 1889
37
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88
89
47
88
42
38
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84
87
87
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121
120
153
106
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126
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138
198
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230
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1899 1901
1901 19U3
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56
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198
206
260
232
219
229
131
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153
174
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5(!th,
49th
57th
50th
68th
1903-1905
1905-1907
1',107-rJOu
191)9-191 1
1911-1913
51st
1889-1891
1891-1893
1893-1895
1895- 18SI7
69th
(iOth
52d
5Hd
tilst
54th
fi'd
Socialist.
ORDER OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION.
In case of the removal, death, resignation or in-
ability of both the president and vice-president,
then the secretary of state shall act as president
until the disability of the president or vice-presi-
dent is removed or a president Is elected. The rest
w'. the order of succession is: Secretary of the
treasury, secretary of war, attorney-general, post-
master-general, secretary of the navy, secretary of
the interior, secretary of agriculture and secretary
of commerce and labor. The acting president, In
case congress is not in session, must call a special
session, giving twenty days' notice.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1011.
116
NONCONTIGUOUS POSSESSIONS OF THE UNITED STATES.
THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
The Philippine islands were ceded to the United
States by Spain Dec. 10, 1898. Maj.-Gen. Merritt
was the flrst military governor. He was succeeded
in August, 1S99, by Maj.-Gen. E. S. Otis, who in
turn was followed in May, 1900, by Maj.-Gen.
Arthur MacArthur. The last named remained in
office until July 4. 1901, when the military author-
ity was transferred to Gen. A. E. Chaffee. By order
of the president Gen. Chaffee was relieved of his
duties as military governor July 4, 1902, and the
office terminated. The Philippine commission was
at the same time made the superior authority. Sept.
2 the islands were divided into three military de-
partments, to be known as the department of Luzon,
the department, of Visayas and the department of
Mindanao.
July 1, 1902, congress passed an act providing
temporarily for the government of the Philippines,
providing for the election by popular vote, two
years after a census of the islands had been taken
and published, of delegates to an assembly, consist-
ing of not more than 100 members nor less than
fifty, apportioned among the provinces as nearly
as possible according to population. This assembly
should, together with the Philippine commission
appointed by the president of the United States,
exercise the legislative i>ower heretofore exercised
by the commission alone, the members of the com-
mission acting as an upper house and the elected
assemblymen as a lower house. The members of
the assembly were to hold office two years and an-
nual sessions of the legislature not exceeding ninety
days in length were to be held.
The first election was held July 30, 1907, when
eighty members of the legislature were chosen, the
total vote being 97,803. The first session was form-
ally opened Oct. 16 by William H. Taft, United
States secretary of war. the first civil governor of
the islands after they came into American posses-
sion. Sergio Osinena was elected president.
OFFICIALS AND SALARIES The Philippine commis-
sion consisted in October, 1910, of Prof. Dean C.
Worcester of Michigan, W. Cameron Forbes of
Massachusetts, Newton W. Gilbert of Indiana,
Frank A. Branagan of Ohio, Charles B. Elliott of
Minnc-sota. Eafael Palma, Gregorio Araneta, Jose
E. Luzuriaga and Juan Sumulong of the Philip-
pines. The officers in 1910 were.
Governor-General W. Cameron Forbes.
Vice-Governor Newton W. Gilbert.
Secretary Interior Department Dean C.Worcester.
Secretary Finance and Justice Gregorio Araneta.
Secretary Public Instruction Newton W. Gilbert.
Secretary of Commerce and Police Charles B.
Elliott.
Executive Secretary Frank W. Carpenter.
Auditor William II: Clarke.
Treasurer J. L. Barrett.
Director of Education Frank E. White.
Director-General of Posts C. M. Oottennan.
Attorney-General Ignacio Villamor.
Collector of Customs H. B. McCoy.
Chief Justice Sifpreme Court CayetanoS. Arellano.
The governor receives $20,000 a year ($15,000 as
governor-general) and the other American commis-
sioners receive $15,500 each ($10,500 being for their
services as heads of departments). The commis-
sioners not heads of departments get $7,500 each.
The salaries of other leading officials are : Execu-
tive secretary, $9.000 ; assistant executive secretary,
$6,000 ; auditor. $6,000 ; collector of customs, $6,000 ;
attorney-general, $6.000 ; chief Justice Supreme court,
$10,000 : associate Justices, $10,000 ; superintendent
of public education. $6.000 : director-general of
posts, $6,000; treasurer, $7.000.
AIIEA AND POPULATION The total land and water
area of the Philippine archipelago is 832.968 square
miles and the population 7.635.436. according to the
census of 1903. Of the Inhabitants 6.987.686 are civ-
ilized. The population of Manila in 1903 was 219.928.
The population of the principal islands was : Bobol,
243,148; Cebu. 592,247; Jolo, 44,718; Leyte, 357,641:
Luzon, 3.798.507 ; Marinduque, 50.601 ; Mindanao,
499,634, of whom 252,940 lire uncivilized ; Negros,
460,776 (21,217 uncivilized) ; Panay, 743,646 (14,933 un-
civilized) : Sr.mar, 222,690.
PRODUCTS AND CLIMATE The chief products are
hemp, sugar, coffee, tobacco leal, copra, cigars and
indigo. Between 600,000 and 700,000 bales of hemp
are exported annually.
' The climate of the Philippine islands is consid-
ered excellent for the tropics. The mean tempera-
ture in Manila ranges from 77 in January to 83 in
May. June, July, August and September are the
rainy months, March, April and May the hot and
dry, and October, November, December, January
and February the temperate and dry.
TKADE WITH THE UNITED STATES The shipments
of merchandise from the United States to the
Philippines in the fiscal year ended June 30, 1910,
amounted in value to $16,768,909, as compared with
$11,182,175 in 1909. The principal articles sent were:
Breadstuffs, $1,395,824; cotton manufactures, $2,936,-
i.98: iron and steel manufactures, $3,405,267; wood
and manufactures of wood, $482,960. The Imports
amounted in value to $17,317,897, as compared with
$9,433,986 in 1909. The principal articles imported
were: Unmanufactured manila, $10,435,743; sugar,
$4,259,568.
IMPOSTS AND EXPOBTS The total imports of the
Philippine islands in the fiscal year 1909 amount-
ed to $27,792,397; total exports, $30,993,563.
ISLAND OF POETO EICO.
Porto Eico, according to the decision of the
United States Supreme court in the insular cases
May 27, 1901, is a territory appurtenant and be-
longing to the United States, but not a part of the
United States within the revenue clause of the
constitution. The island was ceded to the United
States by Spain Dec. 10, 1898, and was under mili-
tary rule until the Foraker law went into effect
May 1, 1900. (For the provisions of that law see
The Daily News Almanac for 1901.) In accordance
with the third section of that act, the legislative
assembly of Porto Eico having put into operation
a system of local taxation to meet the necessities
of government, President McKinley on the 25th of
July, 1901 the anniversary of the landing of Amer-
ican troops on the island in 1898 proclaimed free
trade between the United States and Porto Eico.
GOVERNMENT Civil government, under the provi-
sions of the Foraker act, was established May 1,
1900. The upper house consists of eleven members,
six of whom are "cabinet" officers appointed by the
president ; the lower house is made up of thirty-five
delegates elected by the people every two years.
The governor, who is appointed by the president,
has practically the same duties as the governor of
any other territory of the United States. The pres-
ent officers are: Governor, Col. George E. Colton;
acting secretary, M. Drew Carrel; treasurer, Sam-
uel D. Gromer; commissioner of education, Edward
Grant Dexter; resident commissioner in the United
States. Tulio Larrinaga.
AREA AND POPULATION The area of Porto Eico
is about 3,600 square miles and the population, as
shown by the census of 1910, Is 1,118,012. In 1900
the population was 953.243. Of these 941,751 are
natives. The whites number 589,426 and the col-
crod 363,817., The colored are subdivided into 304,352
mestizos. 59,390 negroes and 75 Chinese. By depart-
ments the population in 1900 was: Aguadilla, 99,-
645; Arscibo, 162,308; Bayamon, 147,681; Guayma,
111.9S6; Humacao, 100,866; Mayaguez, 127,566; Ponce,
203,191. The cities having more than 5,000 inhabi-
tants are: San Juan, 32.048; Ponce. 27,952; Maya-
guez. 15,187; Arecibo, 8,008; Aguadilla, 6,425; Yauco,
6.108; Caguas, 5,450; Guayama, 5.334.
COMMERCE For the year ended June 30, 1910, the
total domestic exports from Porto Rico to foreign
countries were $5,822,602, and to the United States,
$26.391,338. Foreign imports amounted to $3,537,201
nnd imports from the United States amounted to
$23,272,170. Of the exports Spain took $1,058,197;
Cuba. $2.468,689; France, $583,682; Germany, $259,508;
Austria-Hungary. $833.604.
The leading articles of export are coffee, oranges,
brown sugar and tobacco.
TEERITORY OF HAWAII.
Annexed to the United States July 7, 1898.
Created a territory June 14, 1900.
116
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
Governor Walter F. Frear.
Secretary Henry E. Cooper.
POPULATION According to the federal census of
1900 the total population of the territory is 154,001.
In 1890 it was 89,990. The only largo city is Hono-
lulu, which in 1900 had a population of 39,306. By
island divisions the population is as follows : Ha-
waii, 46,843 ; Kauai and Niihau, 20,734 ; Lanai and
Maul, 25,416 ; Ouhu. 58,504 ; Molokai, 2,504.
, COMMERCE WITH THE UNITED STATES The total
value of the shipments of merchandise from Hawaii
"to the United States for the twelve months ended
June 30, 1910, was $46,161,288. Brown sugar was the
principal item, amounting to 1,073,352,166 pounds,
valued at $40,579,141. The other articles of impor-
tance were: Coffee, $288,423; fruits, $1,775,050; raw
woo<i, $203,649; rice, $269,157. The total value of the
shipments of merchandise from the United States
to Hawaii was $20,289,017. The principal articles
were: Iron, steel and machinery, $3,229,969; leather
and manufactures of, $379,058; oils, $1,593,051; pro-
visions, $848,618; tobacco, $659,661; lumber and man-
ufactures of wood, $1,418,628; wool, manufactures
of, $265,279; -wines and liquors, $505,038.
TERRITORY OF ALASKA.
Purchased from Russia in March, 1867.
Organized as noncontiguous territory July 27, 1868.
Made a civil and Judicial district June 6, 1900.
Governor Walter E. Clark.
AREA AND POPULATION Area, 577,390 square miles ;
population in 1900, 63,592 ; estimated population in
1906. 82,516.
COMMERCE WITH THE UNITED STATES The total
value of the shipments of domestic merchandise
from the mainland of the United States to Alaska
in the year ended June 30, 1910, was $17,972,647.
The principal articles were: Animals. $203,884;
breadstuffs, $818,701; manufactures of cotton, $647,-
596, eggs, $468,560; fruits and nuts, $469,777; manu-
factures of iron and steel, $4,224,998: leather manu-
factures. $329,412; meat and dairy products, $2,449,-
943; wines and liquors, $654,821; vegetables, $586,997;
wood and manufactures of, $775,982. Total value of
shipments* of domestic merchandise from Alaska to
the mainland, $12,349,462. The main articles were:
Copper ore, $165,566; canned salmon, $9,435,946;
whalebone, $136,520.
GOLD SHIPMENTS (1909) From Alaskr. to the main-
land. $18,275,434; from the mainland to Alaska,
$637,015 in coin. The total sold and silver ship-
ments, including foreign, to the United States were
$22.279.073.
PANAMA CANAL ZONE.
Acquired by the United States Feb. 26, 1904.
Area, 474 square miles.
TUTUILA.
Acquired by the United States January, 1900.
Area, including Manua and several other small
islands, 79 square, miles.
Population, about 4.000.
Pango-Pango harbor acquired by United States in
1872.
Naval Governor Capt. John F. Parker.
GUAM.
Ceded to United States by Spain Dec. 10, 1898.
Area, about 200 square miles.
Population, about 9,000.
First American Governor Oapt. R. P. Leary.U.S.N.
Governor (1910) Capt. Edward J. Dorn, U. S. N.
AVALANCHES IN THE CASCADE AND SELKIRK MOUNTAINS.
Warm weather in the latter part of February
and the .early part of March, 1910, following a win-
ter remarkable for its heavy snow, caused a num-
ber of disastrous avalanches in the Cascade moun-
tains 5n Idaho and Washington. Feb. 27 the min-
ing towns of Maco and Burke and the camp of the
Carbonate Hill Mining company at Mullan, all
in the northern part of Idaho, were overwhelmed
by avalanches of snow and rock. Twelve persons
were killed at Mace, four at Burke and three at
Mullan. Two were killed at Dorsey, Idaho, Feb.
28. Aa many persons were reported missing, the
number of actual fatalities was probably much
larger ttan that giien.
Early on the morning of March 1 two Great
Northern trains were buried by an avalanche on
the west slope of the Cascades, near the small
station of Wellington. One was a passenger and
the other a mail train, and most of the -victims
were asieep in the coaches at the time the disas-
ter occurred. They were hurled into a canyon 200
feet det-p and covered with hundreds of tons of
snow end rock. Only a few escaped, and these
were severely injured. The dead, many of whom
remained under the snow and wreckage for days,
numbered 118. The property loss was $1,000,000.
March 2 the Oriental limited train No. 2, east
bound, on the Groat Northern road, ran into a
landslide near Milan, a station twenty-two miles
east of Spokane. The fireman was killed and a
dozen persons ware badly Injured.
March 5. while a large number of workmen were
clearing the line of the Canadian Pacific railroad
of the debris of a snowslide in Rogers pass, near
Glacier, at the summit of the Selkirk mountains,
British Columbia, they were overwhemed by a sec-
ond slide. Ninety-two lives were lost, the victims
being carried down into the valley and buried
under tons of snow.
BRITISH GENERAL ELECTIONS OF 1910.
Following the formal dissolution of the second
parliament of King Edward VII., Jan. 10, 1910, .
election writs were issued to every constituency.
Voting began almost immediately and continued
through the greater part of the month, but the
bulk of the polling took place Jan. 15, 17, 18 and
19. The campaign was an extremely hard-fought
one, both of the leading parties exerting their ut-
most power to win. It had been expected that
the chief issues would be the budget of 1909, with
Us radical methods of taxation, and the veto power
of the house of lords in the matter of financial
legislation, but tariff reform was widely discussed
and at times seemed to be the dominant question
of the hour. Home rule for Ireland, votes for
women, naval and military progress, old-age pen-
sions, work for the unemployed, socialism and
many other matters alsoi attracted more or less at-
tention. With such a multiplicity of issues before
it the British electorate divided almost evenly and
failed to pass decisively upon any one of them.
The liberals elected 275 members and the unionists
273. This left the liberal government in the power
of the Irish nationalists, who secured eighty-two
members, and the labor party, with forty members,
and it was freely predicted that the ministry would
soon fall, necessitating another general election.
HOOKWORM-DISEASE COMMISSION.
Oct. 26, M09. John D. Rockefeller gave $1,000,000
as a fund to be used in combating the ravages of
the "hookworm" parasite in the southern states.
The following gentlemen were designated to take
charge of tho work: John D. Rockefeller, Jr.; Dr.
William H. Welch, Dr. Simon Flexner. Dr. Charles
W. Stile, Dr. Edwin A. Alderman. Dr. David F.
Houston. Prof. P. P. Claxton. J. Y. Joyner. Wal-
ter H. Page, Dr. H. B. Frissell, Frederick T.
Gates, Starr J. Murphy.
According to the medical authorities the "hook-
worm" is a halrlike parasite causing a form of
anaemia prevalent especially among the poor people
of the south. Although less than half an inch in
length it operates on its victims' intestines in
such a way as to sap their vitality. It has a
complete and well -developed set of organs and the
female has the capacity of laying thousands of
eggs. The parasite was discovered by Dr. Charles
W. Stile in 1902 in a Washington hospital.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
117
RATES OF POSTAGE AND MONEY ORDERS.
The domestic letter rate Is 2 cents an ounce or
fraction thereof, and it applies to the island pos-
sessions of the United States Cuba, Canada, New-
foundland Labrador, united kingdom, Germany
(direct), Mexico, Shanghai, the Canal Zone and
republic of Panama. The foreign letter ruto is
9 cents an ounce or fraction thereof, and it applies
to all other foreign countries than those named In
the universal postal union.
DOMESTIC.
FIRST CLASS. Letters and all written or partly
written matter, whether sealed or unsealed, and
all other matter sealed or otherwise closed against
Inspection, 2 cents per ounce or fraction thereof.
Postal cards issued by the government sold at 1
cent each; double, or reply cards, 2 cents each.
Cards must not be changed or mutilated in any
way and no printing or writing other than the ad-
dress is allowable on the address side. "Private
mailing cards" (post cards) require 1 cent postage.
Among the articles requiring first-class postage
are blank forms filled out In writing; certificates,
checks and receipts filled out In writing; copy
(manuscript or typewritten) unaccompanied by
proof sheets; plans and drawings containing
written words, letters or figures; price lists con-
taining written figures changing individual Items;
old letters sent singly or in bulk; typewritten mat-
ter and manifold copies thereof, and stenographic
notes.
SECOND CLASS. All regular newspapers, maga-
zines and other periodicals Issued at stated Inter-
vals not less frequently than four times a year,
when mailed by' publishers or news agents, 1 cent
a pound or fraction thereof; when mailed by
others. 1 cent for each four ounces or fractional
part thereof.
THIRD CLASS. 'Books, circulars, pamphlets and
other matter wholly In print (not Included in sec-
ond-class matter), 1 cent fo* each two ounces or
fractional part thereof. The following named ar-
ticles are among those subject to third-class rate
of postage: Almanacs, architectural designs, blue
prints, bulbs, seeds, roots, scions and plants, cal-
endars, cards, press clippings with name and date
of papers stamped or written" in, engravings, sam-
ples of grain in its natural condition, imitation of
bend or type written matter when mailed at post-
office window in a minimum number of twenty
identical copies separately addressed; insurance ap-
plications and other blank forms mainly in print;
printed labels, lithographs, maps, music books,
,
photographs, tags, proof sheets, periodicals having
the character of books, anj publications which de-
pend for their circulation upon offers of premiums.
FOURTH CLASS. All matter not In the first, sec-
ond or third class, which is not in its form or
nature liable to destroy, deface or otherwise dam-
age the contents of the mailbag or harm the per-
son of any one engaged in the postal service, 1
cent an oanee or fraction thereof. Included in
fourth-class mail matter are the following articles:
Blank books, blank cards or paper, blotters, playing
cards, celluloid, coin, crayon pictures, cut flowers,
metal or wood cuts, drawings, dried fruit, dried
plants, electrotype plates, framed engravings, en-
velopes, geological specimens, letterheads, cloth
maps, samples of merchandise, metals, minerals,
napkins, oil paintings, paper bags or wrapping
paper, photograph albums, printed matter on other
material than paper, queen bees properly packed,
stationery, tintypes, wall paper and wooden rulers
bearing printed advertisements.
UNMAILABLE MATTER. Includes that which Is pro-
hibited by law, regulation or treaty stipulation and
that which by reason of illegible or Insufficient ad-
dress cannot be forwarded to destination. Among
the articles prohibited are poisons, explosives or
inflammable articles, articles exhaling bad odors.
vinous, spirituous and malt liquors, specimens of
disease germs, lottery -letters and circulars, In-
decent and scurrilous matter.
SPECIAL DELIVERY. Any article of mallable mat-
ter bearing a 10-cent special delivery stamp In
addition to the regular postage is entitled to Im-
mediate delivery on its arrival at the office of ad-
dress between the hours of 7 a. m. and 11 p. m.,
If the office be of the free-delivery class, and be-
tween the hours of 7 a. m. and 7 p. m.. If the of-
fice be other than a free-delivery office.
REGISTRATION. All mailable matter may be reg-
istered at the rate of 10 cents for each package in
addition to the regular postage, which must be
prepaid. An indemnity not to exceed $50 will be
paid for the loss of first-class registered matter,
and 50 francs ($10) in case of the loss of a regis-
tered article addressed to a country in the uni-
versal postal union, under certain conditions.
LIMITS or WEIGHT. No package of third or
fourth class matter weighing more than tour
pounds, except single books, will be received for
conveyance by mail. The limit of weight does not
apply to second-class matter mailed at the second-
class rate of postage, or at the rate of 1 cent for
each four ounces, nor is it enforced against matter
fully prepaid with postage stamps affixed at the
first-class or letter rate of postage.
POST CARDS. A post cai-d must be an unfolded
piece of cardboard not exceeding 3 9-16 by 5 9-lfl
inches, nor less than 24 by 4 inches in size; It
must be in form and Quality and weight of paper
substantially like the government postal cards: it
may be of any color not interfering with the leg-
ibility of the address; the face of the card may be
divided by a vertical line, the right half to be used
for the address only and the left for the message,
etc. ; very thin sheets of paper may be attached to
the card, and such sheets may bear both writing
and printing; advertisements may appear on the
back of the card and on the left half of the face.
Cards bearing particles of glass, metal, mica, sand,
tinsel or similar substances are unmailable except
In envelopes.
MONET-ORDER FEES. For domestic money orders
In denominations of $100 or less the following fees
are charged:
For orders for sums not exceeding $2.50 8c
For over $2.50 and not exceeding $5 Be
For over $5 and not exceeding $10 8c
For over $10 and not exce ?ding $20 lOc
For over $20 and not exceadlng $30 12c
For over $30 and not exceeding $40 15c
For over $40 and not exceeding $50 18c
For over $50 and not exceeding $60 20c
For over $60 and not exceeding $75 25c
For over $75 and not exceeding $100 SOc
SUGGESTIONS. Direct your mail matter to a post-
office, writing the name of the state plainly, and if
to a city, add the street and number or postofflce
box of the person addressed. Write or print your
name and address, and the contents, if a package,
upon the upper left-hand corner of all mall matter.
This will Insure the immediate return of all first-
class matter to you for correction, if improperly
addressed or Insufficiently paid; and If it is not
called for at destination It can be returned to yon
without going to the dead-letter office. If a letter,
it will be returned free. Undelivered second, third
and fourth class matter will not be forwarded or
returned without a new prepayment of postage.
When a return card aipsars on this matter either
the sender or addressee Is requested to send the
postage. Register all valuable letters and packages.
FOREIGN.
Mail matter may be sent to any foreign country
subject to the following rates and conditions:
REGISTRATION. Ten cents additional to ordinary
postage on all articles to foreign countries.
ON LETTERS. Five cents for each ounce or frac-
tion thereof and 3 cents for each additional ounce.
Double rates are collected on delivery of unpaid
or short-paid letters.
POST CARDS. Single, 2 cents each; with paid r-
ply. 4 cents each.
"PRIVATE MAILING CAnns" (Post Cards). Two
cents each, subject to conditions governing domes-
tic post cards.
On newspapers, books, pamphlets, photographs.
sheet musle, maps, engravings and similar printed
matter. 1 cent for each two ounces or fraction
thereof. Prepayment required at least In part.
To CANADA (including Newfoundland, Labrador,
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba and Prince
Edward island). Letters, 2 cents for each onnce
or fraction thereof; postal cards, 1 cent each;
118
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
books, circulars and similar printed matter, 1 cent
for each two ounces or fraction thereof; second-
class matter, same as in the United States; sam-
ples of merchandise, 1 cent for each two ounces.
Minimum postage, 2 cents. Merchandise, 1 cent
for each ounce or fraction. Packages must not
exceed four pounds in weight prepayment com-
pulsory.
CUBA. Rates of postage same as to the United
States.
To GREAT BRITAIN. Letter postage same as In
United States.
To GERMANY. Letter postage 2 cents per ounce
when sent by direct steamer and not via Great
Britain or France.
To MEXICO. Letters, postal cards and printed
matter, same rates as in the United States; sam-
ples, 1 cent for each two ounces; 2 cents the least
postage oc a single package; merchandise other
than samples can be sent only by parcels post.
To SHANGHAI, CHINA. Letters, 2 cents an ounce
or fraction, thereof.
LIMITS OF SIZE AND WEIGHT. Packages of sam-
ples of merchandise to foreign countries must not
exceed twelve ounces, nor measure more than
twelve Inches In length, eight in breadth and four
In depth; and packages of printed matter must
not exceed four pounds six ounces.
PARCEL POST EXCHANGES.
Australia.* Danish West Indies (St.
Austria.* Croix, St. John, St.
Bahamas. Thomas).
Barbados.* Denmark.*
Belgium.* Dutch Guiana.*
Bermuda. Ecuador.*
Bolivia. France.*
British Guiana. Great Britain.*
Chile. Guatemala.
Colombia.* Germany.
Costa Rica. Honduras (British).
Honduras (Republic of),
Hongkong* Amoy, Canton, Cbangsha, Chefoo, Ching-
Kiang, Foochow, Hangchow, Hankow, Hoiliao
(Hoihow), Kiankiang, Kowloon. Liu Kung Tau,
Nanking, Newchvang, Ningpo, Peking, Shanghai.
Shanghaikwan. Shasi. Soochow, Swatow. Tientsin,
Tongku, Weihaiwei, Wubu.
Hungary.* Italy.*
Ireland.*
1. Italian offices in Ottoman empire (Turkey)*
Bengazi (north Africa), Durazzo (Albania), Galata
(Constantinople), Jerusalem (Palestine), Canea
(Crete), Pera (Constantinople), Salonica (Rou-
melia), Scutari (Asia Minor), Smyrna (Asia Min-
or), Stamboul (Constantinople), Tripoli-in-Bar-
bary, Valona (Albania).
2. Italian colony of Erythrea (Africa)* Ady Caje,
Adi Ugri, Agordat, Asmara, Assab, Keren, Ne-
fasit. Mas?aua, Saganeiti.
3. Italian protectorate of Benadir Brava, Giumbo,
Merka. Mogadiscio.
Japan.*
In Manchuria Antoken. Bujun, Choshun. Dairen,
Duisekklio, Daitoko, Furanten, Gaibei, Giukatpn,
Gwaboten, Hishika. Honkeiko. Hoten, Howojio,
Kaigen, Kaijio, Kinshu, Koshurei, Riojun, Riu-
juton, Rioyo, Senkinsai, Shiheigai. Shinminfu,
Shoto, Sokako, Sokaton, Taikozan, Tetsurei, Yen-
dai, Yugafcujio.
In Karafuto (Japanese) Sakhalin.
Formosa.* I Korea.*
Jamaica (including the Turks and Calco Islands).
Leeward islands (Antigua), with Barbuda and Re-
donda, St. Kitts, Nevis, with Anquilla, Dominica,
Montserrat and the Virgin Islands).
Mexico.* I Newfoundland.
Netherlands.* I New Zealand.
The Cook islands, including Altntaki, Atln, Hervey
(Manual), Mangaia. Mauke, Mitiaro and Raroton-
ga; also the islands of Palmerston (Avarau), Man-
ahik, Penrhyn (Tongreva), Pukapuka (Danger),
Rakaanga, Savage (Nlde) and Suwarrow.
Nicaragua. Sweden.
Norway.* Trinidad.
Peru. Uruguay.*
Salvador. Venezuela.
Windward Islands (Grenada, St. Vincent, Grena-
dines and St. Lucia).
Unsealed packages of mallable merchandise may
be sent to above named places subject to the con-
ditions herein prescribed, viz. :
Limit of weight 11 pounds
Greatest length 3 feet 6 inches
Greatest length and girth combined 6 feet
Postage 12 cents a pound or fraction
Except that parcels for Colombia and Mexico
must not measure more than two (2) feet in length
or more than four (4) feet in girth, and that par-
cels for France must not weigh in excess of four
(4) pounds and six (6) ounces. Also that parcels
for Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, For-
mosa. Hongkong, Hungary, Italy (Italian offices in
Turkey and Africa), Japan, Korea, Netherlands,
Norway and Sweden must not exceed $80 in value,
und that parcels for Ecuador and France must not
exceed $50 in value.
Uruguay will admit parcels for certain towns
only; particulars at postoffico.
When packages of merchandise intended for Mex-
ico do not exceed four (4) pounds in weight, they
may be sent under the same conditions applicable
to packages of merchandise in the domestic mails
1 cent for each ounce or fraction thereof, fully
prepaid.
Parcel-post packages for Barbados, Dutch Gui-
ana, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Netherlands
and Uruguay cannot be registered.
A parcel when sent as parcel post must not be
posted in a letter box, but must be taken to the
foreign branch, general postofflce, or any postal
station, and presented to the person in charge, be-
tween the hours of 9 a. m. and 5 p. m., where a
declaration of contents must be made, a record
kept and a receipt given for the parcel. Packages
for Dutch Guiana, France (special form), Nether-
lands, Salvador and Uruguay require two declara-
tions, and Venezuela three.
INTERNATIONAL MONEY ORDERS.
International money orders are issued payable In
Africa, Algeria, Apia (Samoa), Arabia, Argentine
Republic, Australia, Austria, Azores, Belgium,
Beloochistan, Beirut, Bolivia, Borneo. Bosnia,
British Bechuanaland, British Central Africa, Brit-
ish East Africa, Bulgaria, Cape Colony, Caroline
Islands, Cayman Islands, Ceylon, Chile, China,
Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Crete, Cyprus, Danish
West Indies, Denmark, Dutch East Indies, Egypt,
Falkland Islands, Faroe Islands, Fiji Islands, Fin-
land, Formosa, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Great
Britain and Ireland, Heligoland, Herzegovina, Hol-
land, Honduras, Hongkong, Hungary, Iceland,
India, Italy, Jaffa, Japan, Jask (Persia), Java,
Jerusalem, Kongo, Korea, Liberia, Luxemburg,
Madeira, Malacca, Malta, Manchuria, Mauritius,
Mexico, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Mukho (Ko-
rea), Netherlands, New Guinea, New South Wales,
New Zealand, North Borneo, Northern Nigeria,
Norway, Orange River Colony, Palestine, Panama,
Peurhyn Island, Persia, Peru, Pescadores Islands,
Portugal. Queensland, Rhodes, Rhodesia, Roumania,
Russia, Sakhalin (Japanese), St. Helena, Salvador,
Samos Island. San Marino, Savage Island, Servia,
Seycheile Islands, Siam, South Australia. Spice
Islands, Straits Settlements, Sumatra, Sweden,
Switzerland. Tasmania, Tobago. Transvaal, Tripoli,
Tunis, Turkey, Turks Island, Victoria, Wales, West-
ern Australia, Zambesia, Zanzibar and Zululand
(South Africa).
Rates of fees for money orders payable In
Apia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Chile, Costa
Rica, Denmark, Egypt, Germany, Hongkong, Hun-
gary, Japan, Liberia, Luxemburg, Mexico, Nether-
lands, New Zealand, Norway, Orange River Col-
ony, Pern, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Trans-
vaal:
Orders for $10 or less $0.08
Over $10 and not exceeding $20 10
Over $20 and not exceeding $30 15
Over $30 and not exceeding $40 to
Over $40 and not exceeding $50 K
Over $50 and not exceeding $60 M
Over $60 and not exceeding $70 J6
Over $70 and not exceeding $80 40
Over $80 and not exceeding $90 45
Over $90 and not exceeding $100 50
Fees collected on all other International money
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1611.
119
orders (see exceptions under head or domestic mon-
ey order rates):
Not exceeding $10.. $0.10 Not exceeding $60.. $0.60
Not exceeding $20.. .20 Not exceeding $70.. .70
Not exceeding $30.. .30 Not exceeding $80.. .SO
Not exceeding $40.. .40 Not exceeding $90.. .90
Not exceeding $50.. .BO Not exceeding $100. 1.90
The maximum amount for which a single Inter-
national money order may be drawn is. for orders
payable In
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland 20 10s 8d=$100
Cape Colony 20 10s 8d= 100
New Zealand 20 10s 8d= 100
Queensland 20 10s 8d= 100
France, Algeria and Tunis Francs 515= 100
Belgium Francs 515= 100
Switzerland Francs 515= 100
Italy Lire 515= 100
Portugal Milreis 92 reis 590= 100
Tiiu Netherlands Florins 246.91= 100
Germany Marks 418.41= 100
Sweden Kroner 371.75=100
Norway Kroner 371.75= 100
Denmark Kroner 371.75= 100
Japan 100
Honduras 100
New South Wales 20 10s 8d= 100
Victoria 20 10s 8d= 100
Tasmania 20 10s 8d= 100
Austria Crowns 490.20=> 100
Hungary Crowns 490.20= 100
South Australia 20 10s 8d= 100
Luxemburg, Grand Duchy of Francs 515= 100
Salvador 100
Hongkong 100
Kgypt 100
Chile ~.. 100
British Honduras 20 10s 8d= 100
Mexico 100
Russia 194 rubles 33 kopecks= 100
Apia .418.41 marks= 100
Greece Francs 515= 100
Bolivia 100
Costa Rica 100
Liberia 100
Transvaal 100
Peru
100
The value of the British pound sterling In United
States money is fixed by convention at $4.87; the
German mark at 23.9 cents; French and Swiss
franc and Italian lire at 19.42 cents; Swedish and
Norwegian kroner at 27 cents; Netherland florin
at 40% cents: Portugal milrels at $1.09; Russian
ruble at 61.46 cents.
AMERICAN INHERITANCE TAX LAWS.
Collateral. Direct.
Rates. Rates. Exemp-
State. Per cent. Exemption. Per cent.tion.
Arkansas 5
California 1%-16 $500-$2,000 1-3 $4,000
Colorado 3-6 500 2 10,000
Connecticut 3 10,000 1-2 10,000
Delaware 2 6 500
Idaho 1%-15 600-2,000 1-3 4,000
Illinois 2-6 500-2,000 1 20,000
Iowa 5 1,000
Kentucky 5 500
Louisiana 8 6 2 10,000
Maine 4 500
Maryland 2% 500
Massachusetts 3-5 1,000 1-2 10,000
Michigan 5 100 4 1 2,000
Minnesota l%-5 10,000 l%-5 10,000
Missouri 5
Montana 5 500 1 7,500
Nebraska 2-6 500-2,000 1 10,000
New Hampshire 6
New Jersey 5 500
New York 5 500 1 10,000
North Carolina 1%-15 2,000 3-4 2,000
North Dakota 2 25.000
Ohio 5 $200
Oregon 2-6 600-2,000 1 ">$5,000
Pennsylvania 5 250
South Dakota 2-10 100-500 1 6,000
Tennessee 5 250
Texas 2-12 500-2,000
Utah 5 10,000 S 10,000
Vermont 6
Virginia 6
Washington 3-12 1 10,000
West Virginia 3-7% 1 20,000
Wisconsin 1%-15 100-500 1-3 ^,000
Wyoming 5 500 2 "10,000
'Widows and (except In Wisconsin) minor chil-
dren taxable only on the excess above $10,000 re-
ceived by each. "Tax payable only by strangers in
blood. 'Tax not payable when the property bore
Its just proportion of taxes prior to the owner's
death. 4 Applies to personal property only. "De-
cedents' estates of less than $10,000 are also ex-
empt. 'For the surviving husband or wife and
children, if residents of Wyoming, $25,000.
INHERITANCE TAX IN ILLINOIS.
The Illinois law taxing gifts, legacies and Inheri-
tances was passed by the legislature in 1895 and
amended in 1901. Its constitutionality was con-
tested, but the United States Supreme court in a
decision rendered Jan. 19, 1903, held it to be valid.
Under the provisions of this law all property,
real, personal and mixed, which shall pass by will
or by the intestate laws of the state from any
resident of the state or any one whose property Is
in this state to any person or persons is subject
to a tax at the following rates : When the bene-
ficial interests to any property or Income therefrom
shall pass to any father, mother, husband, wife,
child, brother, sister, wife or widow of the son or
the husband of the daughter, or any adopted child
or children, or to any lineal descendant born In
lawful wedlock, the rate of tax shall be $1 on
every $100 of the clear market value of such prop-
erty received by each person and at the same rate
for any less amount, provided that any estate which
may be valued at less than $20,000 shall not be
subject to any such tax ; and the tax is to be
levied in the above cases only upon the excess of
$20,000 received by each person.
When the property passes to any uncle, aunt,
niece, nephew or any lineal descendant of the
same the rate shall be $2 on every $100 in excess
of $2,000.
In all other cases the rate shall be as follows:
On each and every $100 of the clear market value
of all property and at the same rate for any less
amount; on all estates of $10,000 and less, $3; on
all estates of over $10,000 and not exceeding $20,000,
$4; on all estates over $20,000 and not exceeding
$50,000, $5, and all estates over $50,000, $6; pro-
vided, that an estate in the above case which may
be valued at a less sum than $500 shall not be sub-
ject to any tax.
The total amount of inheritance taxes received
by the state from Oct. 1, 1906, to Sept. 30, 1908,
inclusive, was $782,743.49, of which Cook county
paid $583,892.13.
DALAI LAMA OF TIBET DEPOSED BY CHINA.
Feb. 25. 1910, the Chinese foreign office issued a
statement announcing that tup ijovernment hart
deposed the dalal 'lama as head of the Tibetan
government because he t'ad deserted his capital,
Lassa, following an attempt by him to organize a
general revolt. It was allei?ed that he had cir-
culated rumors to the effect that China intended
to exterminate lainaism and that British trade was
Injuring Tibet. For this reason China sent 2,001
soldiers to Lassa to preserve the peace and af-
ford protection. The dalal lama secretly left
Lassa Feb. 12 with his followers, whereupon China
ordered the Tibetans to elect his successor. At
the same time it issued a decree ordering the pro-
tection of lamaisrr and the strict observance of
treaties with foreign countries. The dalai lama
fied to India after narrowly escaping capture by
the Chinese.
120
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
NATIONAL RAILWAY AND POSTAL STATISTICS.
[From report prepared by bureau of statistics.]
COUNTHV.
ij
1
OJ
(H
Rail-
ways.
Post-
offices.
Printed
matter
sent.f
Letters
and cards
sent.
Val. domes-
tic money
and postal
orders sent.
Value for-
eign mon-
ey orders
sent.
Argentina
1908
i>.m
I'.KIS
I'M IS
Miles.
15,476
16,213
2,703
No.
2.527
7.558
2,075
9.513
5.618
1,459
198
3,246
2,068
12,479
73
Number.
245.129,775
117,457,308
38,191,858
161,267,374
88,870.311
406,183,681
Number.
314,109,678
311.034.408
85,537,836
1,0*1.594,128
420,955.544
272,894,944
918,661,600
126.023,233
3a.022.960
1.467,475.828
1.068.218.784
295,741,962
$1,278.577
41,223.131
9.671,508
306.617,897
268.388,796
37,991,060
New Zealand
Austria
Hungary
1'KIT
Belgium
I'.KIS
UK IT
1'JOS
1908
1908
1'KIS
2.913
10.', 74
11,940
995
22,966
Bolivia
Brazil ....
197,505.000
18.291.166
79,541,000
211,786,666
27,793.558
479,670,000
7,420.241
25.922,653
36,577,552
85,634
11,004,606
16,050,218
Bulgaria
Canada
1908
268
80
942
3.493
448
447
1,488
81
1,388
12.827
628
384
299
551
49,838
156
852
66
18.075
9,652
7,261
r>"
Chile
I'.XIT
1900
r.MiT
1908
I'.KIS
littS
I90H
1908
I'.XIT
1908
I'.KIS
1907
I'.KIS
1908
1908
1906
I'.KIS
I'.KIS
I'.KIS
1908
11)08
1907
1908
1908
1908
19US
I'.HI;
1908
1908
I'.KH;
I'.KIS
I'.KIS
I 1 .**;
1908
I DOS
1908
19(18
1908
I'.KIS
I'.KIS
1908
I'.KIS
1908
1908
I'.KIS
1908
r.ir.'
I'.KI-
1908
I'.KKi
3.290
3,746
449
2,330
2,141
324
:;,503
29.716
2,000
575
1,084
1,553
36,680
1,701
771
140
30.576
10,388
4.898
271
459
688
818
i4,857
1,912
3,223
65
1.607
153
34
1.471
1.690
6(6
1,995
41,136
2,057
150
379
550
9.227
8,321
2,763
973
23,205
12.508
234,011
292
200
1,447
637
612.978
3,003.868
26,401,031
37.671,713
47.637,387
17,1,60,965
2,578,000
1,311,382
China
Colombia
Cuba ....
3.819.213
152,715,703
1,153,069
14,669,940
Denmark
141,298,746
125.011,918
Ecuador
Egypt
16,220,600
1,536,790,063
20.713,503
6,911,224
1.509.506
949.203
3,295,597,366
" "li',399,566
157,245
89,549.949
567,516,249
195,255,976
33,368.000
1.819,877,091
21.982,277
16.832.934.
9,008,707
4,378,607
4,040,617,077
""15.285,693
554,853
691.979.673
375.559,509
1,173,232,475
106.220,160
2,197,699,642
328,957.087
21,193,210
55,949
76,664
15,657,397, 164
81.219,437
16,212,387
21,244,032
84,712.863
2.460,466
12,780,462
3,715,410
10,162,505
242,777,098
""l,877,i92
France
Algeria
Tunis
Indo-China
Colonies. N. E. S.*
German empire
Colonies
Greece
Haiti
India, British
567,824.725
2,949,892,008
15,529
12,179,538
53.814,671
1,459,494
Italy
Japan
Formosa
Kongo
50
486
116
2,934
1,445
1,620
17
3,099
221
144
416
3,682
402
3,280
13,983
1,704
81
1,450
113
4,577
3.U47
4,098
1.312
23,738
2.578
60.144
540
52,598
2,707,198
5,234,947
72,085,345
239,120,237
12,234,(H3
181,383
88,428,118
411,363
12.436,320
12,165,380
88,868.760
207,707,991
17,749,028
398,518
60.915.990
6,455,823
109.703
305,131
Luxemburg ..
25,952,964
136,898,830
154.217.W4
17,969,562
Ml 7,999
47,619,316
38,816,422
8,404,478
15.941,954
3,594,943
1,014.947
8,214,455
Mexico
Netherlands . ..
East Indies
West Indies, etc
Norway
Paraguay
Persia
Peru ,
Portugal
37,083,249
885,198
71.541.631
603.ltti.617
55,144.919
227,222
9,715,154
54,728.054
4,901.993
60.335,162
909,083,350
29,999.825
177,445
15,853,090
8.887.952
54,752,375
1,445,972
51.476,468
6,643,462.276
3,216,930
2,069,008
2,880,609
31.676,4(3
60,702,384
1,565,362
Colonies
Roumania
Russia
Finland
Servia
31,414,422
2,767,483
giam
Spain
136.538.442
186,488.720
227,012,343
4.069,777
1,165.500.000
18,272,872
5,936,301,609
158.763.730
157,128.887
252,211.515
25,665,220
3,767,400,000
102,821,344
7,947,130,717
Sweden
215,785.045
737.006,298
54.768,470
405,747.202
14,677,402
491.074,844
3,645,123
15.295,809
65,520,313
2,184.320
11.560.352
55,402,490
76,754,803
Switzerland
Turkey
United kingdom
Colonies, N. E. S.*
United States
Philippines
Porto Rico
Uruguay
800
230
293,301
Venezuela
Total
591,582
16,028.471.303
469,543
25.035.355,933
34,734,378,598
1,556,257.221
Not elsewhere specified, tlncluding newspapers and periodicals.
State.
California
Number.M
107
BUILDING AND LO
embership. Assets.
31,142 $19,635,667
2,891 1,898,830
108,734 54,313,466
120,078 34.131,416
15,300 4,390,443
33,629 8,908,118
27,363 11,523,654
9,429 3,869,142
120,575 51,339,903
39,182 15,056,493
11,022 4,559,027
21,698 9,300,661
42.683 13.415.822
AN ASSOCIATIONS.
State. Number.!
Membership
7,250
157,364
121,711
26,276
2,600
327,662
389,446
5,215
11,230
12,515
314,594
. Assets.
1,978,127
73,697,889
46,994,128
6,021,421
1,497,822
139,340,424
158,510,745
2,728,303
4,113,884
4,730,694
125,042,740
Connecticut
13
. .. 324
Illinois
617
New York
255
Indiana
342
87
Iowa
48
North Dakota . .
. . 9
Kansas
68
Ohio
645
63
1 423
35
15
137
West Virginia..
. . 38
Michigan
58
Wisconsin
60
67
1 015
123
Total .
Nebraska ..
. 68
...5.629
1.959.579
796.998.819
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
121
JForetgn obernments.
Kulers and cabinets of the leading countries, with the latest statistics of their area, population, exports
and imports.
GREAT BRITAIN.
heir-apparent,
GOVERNMENT King, George V. ;
Edvrard Albert, priiice of Wales.
Prime Minister and First Lord of the Treasury
*H. H. Asquith.
Lord Chancellor *Lord Loreburn.
Lord President of the Council
Chancellor of Exchequer *David Lloyd-George.
Home Secretary 'Winston Spencer Churchill.
Foreign Secretary *Sir Edward Grey.
Colonial Secretary and Lord Privy Seal *Earl of
Crewe.
Secretary for War *R. B. Haldane.
Secretary for India *Viscount Morley.
First Lord of Admiralty 'Reginald McKenna.
Secretary for Ireland ''Augustine Birrell.
Secretary for Scotland *Lord Pentlan (John Sin-
clair).
President of the Board of Trade 'Sydney C.
Buxton.
President of the Local Government Board *Jolm
Burns.
President of the Board of Agriculture * Earl Car-
rington.
President of the Board of Education Walter
Runciman.
Postmaster-General 'Herbert Louis Samuel.
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Lord Aberdeen.
Chancellor of the Duchy 'Joseph A. Pease.
Lord Advocate A. Ure.
First Commissioner of Works *Lewis Harcourt.
Attorney-GeneralSir W. S. Robsou.
Solicitor-General Sir R. D. Isaacs.
Solicitor-General for Scotland Arthur Dewar.
Attorney-General for Ireland Redmond Barry.
Solicitor-General for Ireland^Charles A. O'Connor.
'Members of the cabinet.
The British parliament, in which the highest leg-
islative authority is vested, consists of the house
of lords and the house of commons. The former In
1909 had 618 members and the latter 670. The
sessions usually last from February to August.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Eng-
land, Scotland. Ireland, Wales, the Isle of Man
and the Channel islands is 121,390 square miles:
the total for the British empire is 11,467,294
square miles. The total population of the empire in
1901 was 383,165,494. The population of the united
kingdom April 1. 1901. when the last census was
taken, was: England and Wales, 32,527,843; Scot-
land. 4,472.103: Ireland, 4.458,775; -Isle of Man,
54.752; Channel Islands. 95,618. Total, 41,976,827.
The cities of England and Wales bavins more
than 100,000 population each were In 1909:
London 4,833,938
Liverpool 760,351
Manchester 655, 43b
Birmingham .... 563,629
Leeds 484.012
Sheffield 470,958
Bristol 377,642
West Ham 321,767
Bradford 293,983
Newcastle 281,584
Kingston-upon-
Hull 275,552
Nottingham 263,443
Leicester 244,255
Salford 241,960
Portsmouth 214,726
Cardiff 195,303
Bolton 187,824
Croydon 161,078
Sunderland 159,378
Oldham 143,301
Blackburn 136,959
Brighton 130,926
Gateshead 131,024
Derby ..' 129,411
Southampton ... 124,667
Plymouth 124.1SO
Norwich 124,136
Birkenhead 121,123
Preston 118,519
Halifax 111,911
Burnley 106,267
Middlesbrough .. 105,255
Wolverhampton... 104.633
Stockport 103,706
South Shields... 117,627
The figures given in the above table for London
are for the inner or registration district alono.
Including the outer belt of suburban towns, which
are within the metropolitan police district, the
population of "Greater London" on the 31st of
March, 1901, was 6.581,372; estimate in July,
1909. 7.429.740.
Population of the chief cities in Scotland in 1909:
Glasgow 872.021 I Dundee 169,409
Edinburgh 355.366 I Paisley 91,930
Aberdeen 181, dl8 I Leltb 85,721
34,161
Greenock .......... 72,300 i KUiaarnock
Perth .............. 36,9061
The total population of Ireland in 1901 wai
4,458,775, against a total of 4,704,750 In 1891.
showing a decrease of 245,675, or 5.2 per cent. The
decrease in each of the four provinces was: Lein-
ster, 41,297; Munster, 98.568; Ulster. 38,463; Con-
naught, 69,87(5.
Population of the chief cities of Ireland In 1901:
Drogheda ....... 12,765
Newry .......... 12.587
Lurgan ......... 11.777
Lisburn ......... 11,450
Wexford ........ 11,154
Sligo .......... 10,862
Kilkenny ....... 10,493
Dublin 379,801
Belfast 348,870
Cork 99,603
Limerick 45,806
Londonderry 39,873
Waterford 27,947
Gal way 13.414
Dundalk 13.067
The Dublin figures are for the metropolitan po-
lice district. Belfast and Londonderry have in-
creased in population in the last ten years at the
rate of 27.8 and 20.1 per cent respectively. Dub-
lin city shows an Increase of 7.6 per cent In the
same period.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The total exports of the
British empire In 1909 were $4,688,682,000; of the
united kingdom, $2,648,898,000; total imports of
the empire. $5,264,731,900; or the united kingdom,
$3,456.236,000.
The total exports of the united kingdom to the
United States in 1910 were $271,029,772; imports.
$505,552.871.
INDIA.
GOVERNMENT Governor-general, Sir Charles Har-
Oinge. Legislative authority vested in a coun-
cil of sixty-eight members, thirty-six being official
and thirty-two nonofficial.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Brit-
ish India is 1,097.901 square miles. The total pop-
ulation according to the census of March 1, 1901,
is 232,072,832, divided among the provinces as fol-
lows:
AJmer-Marwara 476,012
Assam 30,961,459
Bengal 50,722,067
Berar 2,754,016
Bombay presi-
dency 18,559,561
Burma 10,490,624
Central prov-
inces 9,237.654
Population of the large cities:
Coorg 180,607
Madras 38,209,436
Northwest
province 2,125,480
United prov-
inces 47,691.782
Punjab 20,330,339
Baluchistan . . 308,246
Andamans . . . 24,649
Delhi 208,575
Lahore 202,964
Cawnpore 197,170
Agra 188,022
Ahmedabad . . . 185,889
Mandalay 183,816
Allahabad 172,032
Calcutta 1,026,987
Bombay 776,006
Madras 509,346
Haidarabad . . . 448,460
Lucknow 264.049
Rangoon 234,881
Benares 209,331
DOMINION OF CANADA.
GOVERNMENT The Canadian parliament consists
of 87 life senators and a house of commons of 221
members, there being one representative for every
25,367 of population, based upon the census of
1001. The governor-general Is Earl Albert Henry
George Grey, appointed In 1904, and the council
Is made up of the following: Premier, Sir Wilfrid
Laurier; secretary of state, Charles Murphy; minis-
ter of trade and commerce, R. J. Cartwrlght; min-
ister of justice, A. B. Aylesworth; marine and fish-
eries. L. P. Brodeur: railways and canals. G. P.
Graham: militia and defense. F. W. Borden;
finance, 'W. S. Fielding; 'postmaster-general, Ro-
dolphe Lemieux; labor, W. L. M. King; agricul-
ture, S. A. Fisher; interior, Frank Oliver; public
works, William Pugsley; customs, William Pater-
son; inland revenue, W. Templeman. The govern-
or-general gets a salary of $50,000 a year, the
premier $12,000 and the other -ministers $7,000
each.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Can-
ada is 3,745,574 square miles, of which 3.619.818
is land area. Estimated iwpulatlon In Maroh,
1910, 7,489,781. According to the fourth census,
122
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
taken March 31, 1901, the total population then
was 5,371,315. following were the returns for the
several provinces:
Yukon 27.219
72.841
Ontario 2,182,917
Alberta
Quebec 1.648,898
Nova Scotia 459,574
New Brunswick 331.120
Manitoba 255,211
Brit. Columbia 178,657
Prince Edward
Island 103,259
Population of the principal cities in 1901:
Saskatchewan..
Keewatln
Mackenzie . . . .
Ungava
Franklin
91,460
9,800
5,216
5,113
Montreal 267.730
Toronto 208,040
Winnipeg (1906).. 90,234
Quebec 68.S40
Ottawa 59,928
Hamilton 52,631
Halifax 40,832
St. John 40,711
London 37.9S1
Vancouver 26.133
Victoria 20,816
Kingston 17,961
Brantford 16,631
Hull 13,988
Calgary 12,142
Charlottetown.. . 12,080
Sherbrooke 11,765
Edmonton (1906). 11,534
Valleyfleld 11.053
Sydney 9,908
Moncton 9,026
Brandon 5,738
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total value of the
Imports for the year ended June 30, 1909, was
$369,766,000; exports, $279,212,000; imports from the
United States (1910), $215,990,021; exports to the
United States, $95,128,310.
COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA.
July 9. 1900, the British parliament passed an
act empowering the six provinces of Australia to
form a federal union and Jan. 1, 1901, the new
commonwealth was proclaimed at Sydney, N. S. W.
Its first^ parliament was opened May 9. 1901, by
the prince of Wales (now George V.), heir-appar-
ent to the British throne, acting for his father,
King Edward VII. In 1903 Bombala, N. S. W.,
was chosen as the permanent capital.
GOVERNMENT The federal parliament is made up
of a senate of thirty-six members, six from each
original state, and a house of representatives of
seventy-five members, apportioned as follows: New
South Wales, 27; Victoria, 22; Queensland. 9;
South Australia, 7; Western Australia, 5; Tas-
mania. 5. The king is represented by the gov-
ernor-general. He and the council of seven minis-
ters exercise the executive power. The governor-
general is paid a salary of $50,000 a year. The
governor-general is the earl of Dudley. The minis-
ters are: Alfred Denkin, external affairs and prime
minister; P. M. Glynn, attorney-general; G. W.
Fuller, home affairs; Sir J. Forrest, treasurer; Sir
R. W. Best, trada and customs; Joseph Cook, de-
fense; Sir John Quick, postmaster-general.
AREA AND POPULATION The commonwealth has
a total area of 2,974,581 square miles, divided
among the states as follows: New South Wales,
310,372; Victoria. 87.884: Queensland. 670,500;
South Australia, 903.690; Western Australia, 975,-
920; Tasmania. 26,215.
The total population of the commonwealth as
enumerated March 31, 1901, was 3,773,801, divided
among the states as follows:
West. Australia 184,124
Tasmania 172,475
Total 3.771.715
New So. Wales. 1,354.84
Victoria 1,201.070
Queensland 496.396
South Australia 362.004
The total population in December, 1908, was es-
timated at 4,275, E06.
The population of Melbourne in 1901 was 493,956;
Sydney (1900). 451,000; Adelaide (1900), 160,691, and
Wellington (1899). 47,862.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The total exports of the
states in the commonwealth In 1909 were $306.-
187.000; total Imports, $248,761.000. Australia In
1910 exported merchandise valued at $14.806,764 to
the United States and imported merchandise worth
$27,696,557.
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA.
Sept. 29, 1909, the British parliament passed nn
act empowering the four self-governing colonies
of South Africa Cape of Good Hope. Natal, Trans-
vaal and Orange Free State to form a federal
government to be known as the Union of South
Africa. This was proclaimed May 31, 1910, at Pre-
toria, the scat of government, other services tak-
ing place at Cape Town, the seat of the legisla-
ture.
The executive government is vested in the king,
represented by a governor-general, and an execu-
tive council and in ten ministers of state. Legisla-
tive power is vested in a parliament consisting of
a senate and a house of assembly. The senate con-
tains forty-two members, eight of whom are nomi-
nated by the governor-general in council and thir-
ty-two elected by the four provinces, each of which
is entitled to eight senators. The assembly con-
sists of 121 members, chosen in electoral divisions
as follows: The Cape of Good Hope, 61; Natal,
17; Transvaal, 36; Orange Free State, 17. Sena-
tors are elected for ten years and assemblymen for
five. The English and Dutch languages are both
official.
Governor-GeneralLord Herbert John Gladstone.
Cabinet: Premier and minister of agriculture, Gen.
Louis Botha; interior, mines and mining, Mr.
Smuts; railways, Mr. Sauer; justice, Gen. Hert-
zog; education, Mr. Malan; finance, Mr. Hull;
lands, Mr. Fischer; native affairs, Mr. Burton;
commerce and industries, Mr. Moor; public works,
posta and telegraphs, Mr. Graaf; without portfolio.
Dr. Gubbins.
Area in square miles and population:
Province. Area. Population.
Cape of Good Hope 276.995 2,409,804
Natal 45,832 1,206.386
Transvaal 110,426 1,057,275
Orange Free state 50,392 387,315
Total 483,645 5,040,780
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total Imports of the
four states in 1909 were valued at $211,541,000. and
the exports at $410,336,600. Exports to the United
States in 1910, $2,178,174; imports, $9,614,406.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.
GOVERNMENT Emperor of Austria and king of
Hungary, Francis Joseph I.; heir-presumptive (his
nephew, son of the late Archduke Charles Louis),
the Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Este.
Joint or common ministry:
Foreign Affairs Baron von Aehrenthal.
War Baron Franz Schoenaich.
Finance Baron Stephan Burian von Rajeci.
Cabinet for Austria:
Premier Baron Bienerth.
Interior Baron Hardtl.
Commerce Dr. Weisklrchner.
Finance Ritter von Bilinski.
Railways Herr Wrha.'
Instruction Count Stuergth.
Agriculture Josef Pop (acting).
Justice Herr Hochenburger.
National Defense Marshal von Georgl.
Labor Councilor Ritt.
Polish Minister Ritter von Duleba.
Czech Minister Dr. Zasckek.
German Minister Dr. Schrelner.
Cabinet for Hungary:
Premier and Minister of Interior Count Charles
Khuen-Hedervary.
Finance Dr. Ladislas Lukacs.
Defense Samuel Hazai.
Worship and Justice Dr. Francis Z. Szekely.
Commerce Charles Hieronymi.
Agriculture "Count Adalbert Serenyi.
Education Count Johann Zichy.
Minister at Court Count Alada Zlchy.
The empire of Austria and the kingdom of Hun-
gary are sovereign states, eacli with its own con-
stitution, legislative bodies and system of admin-
istration, co-ordinate in rank and mutually inde-
pendent within the domain of home affairs. For-
eign representation (embassies and consulates), the
army and navy, customs (Import and export du-
ties), and the administration of the annexed prov-
inces (Bosnia and Herzegovina) are, however, con-
ducted in common. Legislation on matters nffect-
Ing the interests of the dual monarchy as a whole
Is intrusted to the delegations two bodies of sixty
members each, chosen from among members of ttic
two legislative chambers of Austria and Hungary
respectively.
AII-A AND POPULATION Area of Austria, 115.903
square miles; of Hungary, 125.430 square miles.
The population of Austria in IftOl was 26.ino.7ns.
The. population of Hungary in 1D01 was 19,254.559.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
123
Total population lor both countries in 1901 was
45,-405,265. Largest cities of Austria:
Vienna (1909) 2,085,888
Prague (1909)..
233,649
Trieste (1909).... 221,993
Lemberg 159,877 Czernowitz
Gratz 138,080
Largest cities of Hungary:
Budapest 732,322
Szeged 102,091
Szabadka 82,12:
Poszony 65,867
Brunn
Cracow (1909) . .
Pilsen
109,346
109,103
68,079
67,622
Hodmezo Vasarholy 60,883
Keeskemet 57,812
Arad 66,260
Temesvar 53,033
Zagrab 61,002
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The value of the imports
into the Austro-Huugarian customs territory in 1909
was $564,555,000; exporrs, $469,627,000. Chief im-
ports are cotton, coal, wool, maize, tobacco, coffee
mid wines; principal exports, lumber and wood
manufactures, sugar, eggs, barley, lignite, malt,
leather, gloves and shoes. Imports from the United
States in 1910, $14,962,731; exports to United States,
$17,408,910.
BELGIUM.
GOVERNMENT King, Albert I. Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of Interior and Agriculture
M. Schollaert.
War Gen. Hallebaut.
Foreign Affairs M. Davignon.
Finances J. Liebaert.
Justice M. Lantsheere.
Railroads M. Helleputte.
Industry and Labor M. A. Hubert.
Public Works M. Delbeke.
Instruction and Fine Arts Baron Descamps.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area, 11,373 square
miles. Total population Dec. 30, 1900, 6,603,533; es-
timated population, 1908, 7,386,444. Population of
the iargst cities Dec. 31, 1908:
Brussels (capital). 637,807 1 Liege 175,870
Antwerp 314,135 1 Ghent 163,763
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The imports in 1909
amounted to $658, Hi, 000 and the exports to $501,-
203,000. The trade with the United States in 1910
was: Imports, $41,116,585; exports, $40,059,281.
Chief imports an; cereals, textiles, and metal
goods; chief exports cereals, raw textiles, tissues,
iron, glass, bides, chemicals and machinery.
BULGARIA
GOVERNMENT-^ King, Ferdinand, duke of Saxe-Co-
burg-Gotha. Legislation is enacted by the "so-
branje," a single chamber of 157 members elected
for five years. Bulgaria in 1908 declared itself in-
dependent of Turkey, under the suzerainty of
which country it had been an autonomous princi-
pality.
AREA AND POPULATION Area, 24,380 square miles.
Population Dec. J3, 1905, 4,035,623; in 1908, 4,158,409;
population of Sofia, the capital, 100,000.
IMPORTS AND KXPOHTS Exports in 1909, $21,-
507,000; imports, $30,963,000. Exports to the United
States in 1910, $385,667; imports, $128,111. The ex-
ports ara mainly cereals and the imports textiles.
DENMARK.
GOVERNMENT King, Frederick VIII.; heir appar-
ent. Prince Christian. Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of Defense Klaus Berentsen.
Foreign Affairs Count Ahlefeldt-Laurvigen.
Home Affairs Jensen Svenderup.
Agriculture Anders Nielsen.
Instruction Jacob Appel.
Commerce O. B. Muus.
Finance Niels Neergaard.
Justice Fritz Bulow.
Legislative authority is vested in the landsthlng
and folkething. The former, which is the upper
house, has 66 members, twelve of whom are ap-
pointed for life, the remainder being elected for
terms of eight years. The folkething, or lower
house, has 114 members, each elected for three
years.
AREA AND POPULATION Denmark's area is 15,592
square miles and total population in 1906, 2,605,-
268. Copenhagen, the capital, has a population of
426,540 (without suburbs).
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS Total exports in 1908,
$171,373,000; Imports, $197,667,500. The imports from
the Lnited States in 1910 were $13,644,903-, exports,
$2,198,334. Leading articles of export are butter,
pork, eggs and 'lard; of import, textiles, cereals,
wood, iron manufactures and! coal.
FRANCE.
GOVERNMENT President. Clement Armand Fal-
lieres; term expires 1913.
Premier and Minister of the Interior Aristide
Briand.
Justice Theodore Girard.
Foreign Affairs Stephen Pichon.
Education Maurice Faure.
Finance L. Klotz.
War Gen. Brun.
Marine Admiral Boue de la Peyrere.
Public Works M. Puech.
Commerce Jean Dupuy.
Colonies M. Morel.
Agriculture Maurice Raynaud.
Labor Louis Lafferre.
Legislative authority is vested in the chamber of
deputies and the senate. The former has 584 mem-
bers, each of whom is elected for four years. The
senate has 300 members elected for nine years.
The presidential term is seven years.
AREA AND POPULATION France has a total area
of 207,054 square miles. The area of the French
colonies and dependencies throughout the world Is
4,367,746 square miles. Total population (1907) of
France proper, 39,961,945. Population of the prin-
cipal cities in 1906:
Paris 2,763,393
Marseilles
S17.498
Lyons 472,114
Bordeaux
251,917
Lille 205,602
Toulouse 149,438
146; 788
134,232
Nantes 133,247
Havre 132,430
St. Etlenne
Nice
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total imports In 1909
amounted to $1,152,715,000; exports, $1,063,746,000.
Kxports to the United States in 1910, $132,363,346;
imports from, $117,627,466. The chief exports are
textiles, wine, raw silk, wool, small wares and
leather; imports, wine, raw wool, raw silk, timber
and wood, leather, skins and linen.
GERMANY.
GOVERNMENT Emperor and king of Prussia, Wll-
helm II.; heir-apparent, Prince Friedrlch Wilhelm.
Cabinet officers:
Imperial Chancellor Dr. Theobald von Bethmann-
Hollweg.
Foreign Affairs Baron Alfred von Kiderlen-
Wa.'diter.
Interior Herr Klcmens Dalbruck.
Navy Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz.
Justice Dr. Arnold Nieberding.
Colonies Herr von Lindequist.
Treasury Herr Adolph Wermuth.
Postal Affairs Dr. Reinhold Kraetke.
Commerce Herr Reinhold Sydow.
President of Imperial Railway Administration
Dr. Friedrich Schulz.
The Prussian minister of war. Gen. Josias O. O.
von Heeringen, while nominally having jurisdiction
over Prussian army affairs only, represents the im-
perial government in the reichstag in military
matters and is, for all practical purposes, German
secretary for war. Of the various independent
states of Germany only the kingdoms of Prussia,
Saxony. Bavaria and Wurttemberg have their own
ministers of war.
Legislative authority is vested in a bundesrath,
or senate, of 58 members, and a reichstajr. or
house, of 397 members. The latter are elected for
five-year terms on a popular franchise and the
senators are appointed from the state governments
for each session.
AREA AND POPULATION The area of the states
in the empire is 208,780 square miles; area of de-
pendencies about 1,027,820 square miles; grand to-
tal. 1,2:56.600 square miles.
The last federal census was taken Dec. 1, 1905.
According to this the population of the empire was
60,641,278. The estlmntod population of the for-
eign dependencies is 12,686,000. State population
in 1905:
Prussia 37,293.321
Bavaria 6,524.372
Wurttemberg.. 2,302,179
Baden 2,010,728
Saxony 4,508,601
Hesse 1,209.175
124
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1011.
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin . . . 625,045
Oldenburg . . . 438, 806
Brunswick . . . 485,958
Saxe- Weimar.. 388,005
Mecklenburg-
Strelitz 103,451
Saxe-Meiningen 268,916
Anhalt 328,029
Schwarzburg-
Sond 85,152
Reuss, junior
branch 144,584
The leading exports are currants, ores, olive oil
and figs; imports, foodstuffs, textiles, coal and
timber.
ITAIY.
GOVERNMENT King, Victor Emmanuel III.; heir
to the crown, his son Humbert, prince of Pied-
mont, born Sept. 16, 1904.
President of Council and Minister of the In-
terior Luigi Luzzatti.
Foreign AP'airs Marquis A. di San Giullano.
Grace and Justice Sig. Fani.
Treasury Sig. Tedesco.
Finance Sig. Facta.
Wt.r Sig. Spingardi.
Marine Admiral Leonard! Cattolica.
Public Instruction Sig. Credaro.
Public Works Sig. Sacchi.
Agriculture, Industry and Trade Sig. Raineri.
Ports and Telegraph Sig. Ciuffelli.
AREA AND POPULATION The area of Italy is
110,646 square miles. According to the census of
I'eb. 9, 1901, the total population was 32,475.253.
Estimated total population in 1909, 34,270,000. Pop-
ulation of the principal cities:
Naples 563,731 Genoa 234,700
Milan 491,460 Florence 205.589
Rome 462.783 Bologna . 152000
Schautnburg-
Lippe 44,992
Reuss, elder
branch 70.603
Hamburg 874,878
Lubeck 105,857
Saxe-Coburg-
Gotha 242,432
Saxe-Altenburg 101,412
Ldppe 145 577
Bremen 263,440
Waldeck 59,127
Alsace-Lor. .. 1,814,564
Schwarzburg-
Rud 96,835
Total 60,641,278
nore than 150,000 inhab-
le following:
Essen . . 231,360
German cities having i
Hants in 1905 included tl
Berlin . ...2,040,148
Hamburg . . 802 793
Stettin 224.119
Munich 538,983
Dresden 516,996
Konigsberg . . . 223.770
Bremen 214,861
Leipzig 503,672
Duisburg 192,346
Breslau 470,904
Dortmund 175.577
Halle-on-Saul... 169.916
Altona 168,320
Cologne 428 722
Frankfort a. M. 334,978
Nurnberg 294,426
Strassburg .... 167,678
Kiel 163,772
Dusseldorf 253.274
Hanover 250,024
Stuttgart 249,286
Elberfeld 162.853
Mannheim 163,603
Danzig 159.648
Barmen 156,080
Turin 335,639 Venice 151,840
Palermo .310,352 Messina 149,773
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The value of merchandisb
exported in 1909 was $363,559,000; imported, $594,-
269,000. The total value of the exports to the
United States in 1910 'was $49,86S,?C7; imports
from the United States, $53,467,053. Chief imports
are coal, cotton, grain, silk, wool, timber, machin-
ery, sugar and oil; chief exports, silk, wine, oil,
coral, sulphur, hemp and iiax.
Chemnitz 244,927
Magdeburg 240,633
Charlottenburg.. 239,559
BXPOBTS AND IMPORTS-
690,031,000; total imports,
During the fiscal year
many exported $168,806,23
to the United States ai
valued at $243,555,926.
Rixdorf 153,513
-Total exports (1909), $1,-
$1,954,839,000.
ended June 30, 1910, Ger-
7 worth of merchandise
id imported merchandise
SOVEREIGNS OF STATES.
Anhalt Duke. Friedrich.
Baden Grand duke, Friedrich II.
Bavaria King. Otto; prince regent. Luitpold.
Brunswick Regent, Duke Johann Albrecht.
Hesse Grand duke. Ernst Ludwig.
Lippe Count, Leopold IV.
Mecklenburg-Schwerin Grand duke, Friedrich
Franz IV.
Mecklenburg-Strelitz Grand duke. Adolph Fried-
rich.
Oldenburg Grand duke. Friedrich August.
Prussia King, Wilhelm II.
Reuss. Elder Branch Prince, Heinrich XXIV.
Reuss, Younger Branch Prince, Heinrich XIV.
Saxe-Altenburg Duke, Ernst.
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Duke. Charles Edward.
Saxe-Meiningen Duke, Georg II.
Saxony (grand duchy) Grand duke, Wilhelm
Ernst.
Saxony King. Friedrich August III.
Schaumburg-Lippe Prince. Georg.
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt Prince, Gunther.
Waldeck Prince, Friedrich.
Wurttemberg King, Wilhelm II.
GREECE.
GOVERNMENT King, George I. ; heir-apparent,
Prince Constantine, duke of Sparta. Cabinet:
President of the Council and Minister of 'Finance
M. Dragoumis.
Foreign M. Kallergls.
Worship and Instruction M. Panagiotopoulos.
Marine dipt. Miaoulis.
Interior M. Mavromatis.
Justice M. Phikioris.
Wur Col. Zorbos.
Legislative authority is vested in one chamber,
the "boul?," consisting of 235 members, each of
whom is elected for four years.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area. 25,014 square
miles. Population in 1907, 2.631.922 (estimated).
Athens in 1907 had 167,479 inhabitants; Piraeus,
73.579. and Pntras, 37,724.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The total exports In 190S
amounted in value to $21,850,000; imports, $30,-
257,000. Exports to the United States in 1910,
$2,643,005; imports from the United States, $429,670.
MONTENEGRO.
King, Nicholas I. Area, 3,630 square miles; pop-
ulation, 250,000; of the capital, Cettinje, 4,500.
Total exports in 1907, $280,000; imports, $1,305,000.
Montenegro has practically no trsde with the
United States. Chief exports are sumac, smoked
sardines, cattle, sheep, goats, cheese, olive oil,
wine and tobacco. Imports include petroleum, salt,
maize, cottons, hardware, sugar, coffee and rice.
KORWAY.
GOVERNMENT King, Haakon VII. ; crown prince,
Olaf.
Premier and Finance Gunnar Knudsen.
Foreign Affairs W. Christophersen.
Justice J. Castberg.
Public Works N. C. Ihlen.
Commerce (Vacancy).
Defense H. D. Lowzow.
Agriculture H. K. H. Foosnes.
Legislative authority is vested in the storthing,
consisting of 123 members elected for three years
through universal suffrage by men and women. The
storthing consists of two houses, the odelsthiug
and the lagthing. The former is made up of
three-fourths of the members of the storthing and
the latter of one-fourth.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Nor-
way is 124,445 square miles. Total population in
December, 1908, 2,352,786. Christiania in 1900 had
a population of 227,626 and Bergen 72,151.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The value of the imports
in 1909 was $95,747,000; exports, $60,936,000. Exports
to the United States in 1910, $6,551,985; imports,
$5,94S,330. The chief exports are timl>er and wood
manufactures, malty food, paper and minerals;
imports, breadstuffs, groceries, yarn, textiles, ves-
sels and machinery.
PORTUGAL.
GOVERNMENT President, Theophilo Braga. Cabi-
net:
Foreign Affairs Dr. Bernardino Machado.
Justice Dr. Alfonso Costa.
Interior Dr. Antonio Jose d' Almeida.
Public Works Dr. Antonio t. Goes
Finance Bazilio Telles.
War Col. Barreto.
Marine Amaro A. Gomes.
(See "Revolution in Portugal," this volume.)
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
125
Legislative authority is vested in the cortes,
which consists of a house of peers and a house of
commons, the former having 155 members and the
latter 148.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area, including
Azores and Madeira. 35,490 square miles. Area of
possessions in Africa and Asia, 801,060 square
miles. The population of the home country with
the Azores and Madeira in 1900 was 5,428,659; of
the colonies in Africa and Asia, 9,216,707. In the
same year Lisbon had a population of 356,009 and
Oporto 167,955.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS Total imports in 1908
$72,637,650; total exports, $30,559,277. Imports from
the United States in 1910, $3,223,855; exports to
the United States, $6,507,733. The chief imports
are foodstuffs, cotton, sugar, fish, wool, leather,
coal and coflee; chief exports, wine, sardines, cop-
per ore, olives and figs.
GOVERNMENT King, Carol I.; heir-apparent,
Ferdinand, prince of Roumania.
Legislative authority is vested in a senate of
120 members and a chamber of deputies of 183
members elected for four years.
A.UKA AND POPULATION The total area is 50,720
square miles. The population in 1899 was 5,956,690;
estimated in 1908, 6,771,722. Population of the prin-
cipal towns in December, 1899: Bucharest, 282,071;
Jassy, 78,067; Galatz, 62,678; Braila, 58,392.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The value of the exports
in 1908 was $72,789,500; of the Imports, $82,813,000.
The chief exports are cereals and the leading im-
ports are textiles. Exports to the United States
in 1910, $36,181; imports from, $479,364.
RUSSIA.
GOVERNMENT Czar. Nicholas II.; heir-apparent,
Grand Duke Alexis.
Premier and Minister of the Interior M. Stoly-
pin.
Foreign Affairs M. Iswolsky.
Finance M, Kokovtseff.
Instruction M. Schwartz.
Imperial House and Domains Gen. W. Freede-
ricksz.
Justice M. Scheglovitoff.
Agriculture M. Krivoshein.
Oo.nmerce M. Tivasheff.
Railways M. Rukhloff.
Controller M. Kharitonoff.
Procurator of the Holy Synod M. Lukianoff.
War Gen. Sukhomlinoff.
Navy Admiral Voyevodsky.
Minister of State for Finland Gen. Langhoff.
Legislative authority is vested in the czar, douina
and council of the empire.
AREA AND POPULATION Area, 8,647,657 square
miles. Total population in 1909, 160,095,200. Popu-
lation of the principal cities:
St. Petersburg. .1,678,000
Moscow ....... 1,359.254
Warsaw ....... 756,426
Odessa ........ 449,673
Lodz .......... 351,570
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total value of the
imports in 1909 was $406,051,000; of the exports,
$703,682,000. The exports to the United States in
1910 amounted in value to $17,377,212; imports from
the United States, $17,829,811. The chief exports
i're foodstuffs, timber, oil, furs and flax; imports
raw cotton, wool, metals, leather, hides, skins and
machinery.
SERVIA.
GOVERNMENT King, Peter I. (Karageorgevitch);
heir-apparent, Prince Alexander (second son). Leg-
islative authority Is vested In a single chamber,
called "skupshtina," of 160 elected members.
AREA AND POPULATION Area, 18.650 square
miles; population Dec. 31, 1905, 2,688.025. The
capital, Belgrade, has 80,747 inhabitants.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS Total value of exports in
1908. $15,099,800; imports, $15,127,100. Exports
to the United States in 1910. $1,067,008; imports,
$4.273. The exports are mainly agricultural prod-
ucts and animals, and the imports cotton and
woolen goods and metals.
Riga
282,230
Kiev ...
Kharkov / . . .
Vilna
. 319,000
. . 174,846
162,633
Kazan
. . 143,707
SPAIN.
GOVERNMENT King, Alfonso XIII.; heir-apparent,
Prince Alfonso. Cabinet:
Premier Senor Canalejas.
Foreign Affairs Senor Garcia Prieto.
Finance Senor Cobian.
War Gen. Aznar.
< Marine Senor Arias Miranda.
Public Works Seaor Calbaton.
Public Instruction Count Romanones.
Justice Senor Ruiz Valarino.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area, 194,783
square miles. Total population of Spain, census
of 1900, 18,618,086; estimated Dec. 31, 1908,
19,712,585. Population of large cities:
Madrid 539,835 Carthagena 99,871
Barcelona 533,000
Valencia 213,530
Seville 148,315
Malaga 130.109
Murcla 111.539
Saragossa 99,118
Bilbao 83,306
Granada 75,900
Cadiz 69,382
Valladolid 68,789
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The exports of Spain in
1909 amounted to $159,410,000; imports, $165,495,-
000. Total exports to tihe United States in 1910,
$18,453,278; imports. $18,964,403. Chief exports
are wine, sugar, timber, animals, glassware and
pottery; imports, cotton and cotton manufactures,
machinery, drugs and chemical products.
SWEDEN.
GOVERNMENT King, Gustaf V.; crown prince,
Gustaf Adolf.
Minister of State Admiral A. Llndman.
Foreign Affairs Count Taube.
War Maj.-Gen. Olaf Malm.
Finance C. J. G. Swartz.
Marine Commodore Ehrensvard.
Education P. E. Lindstrom.
Interior Count Hugo Hamilton.
Agriculture S. O. Nylander.
Justice Albert Pettersson.
Legislative authority is vested in a parliament
of two chambers, the first of which has a mem-
bership of 150 and the second 230. Members of
the upper house are elected for nine years and
those of the lower for three years. The first
chamber Is elected by municipal representatives.
To be eligible one must own real estate worth at
least 80,000 crowns or pay taxes on an Income of
at least 4,000 crowns. The second chamber con-
stituents must have an income of at least 800
crowns or own real estate worth at least 1,000
crowns,
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Sweden
Is 172,876 square miles. The population Dec. 31,
1908, was 5,429,600. The population of the prin-
cipal cities at the same time was: Stockholm,
339,582; Gothenburg, 162.480: .Malmo, 81,120;
Norrkoping, 45,416; Helsingborg, 32,432.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total exports in
1908 were valued at $129,181.000; Imports, $163.-
194,000. Exports to the United States in 1910,
$6,830,477; imports, $5,991,896. The leading arti-
cles of export are timber and machinery; of im-
port, textile goods and foodstuffs.
SWITZERLAND.
GOVERNMENT President of Federal Council (1910)
Robert Oomtesse.
Vice-president M. Marc-Emile Ruchet.
Legislative authority is vested In a state and a
national council, the former having 44 and the
latter 167 members. The national councilors are
elected directly by the people; the state councilors
are elected in some cantons by the people and In
others by the cantonal legislature. The chief ex-
ecutive authority is vested in the bundesrath. or
federal council, one member of which Is the chief
of one of the federal departments. Its decrees are
enacted as a body. Its members are elected presi-
dent in rotation.
Switzerland owns its main railroads. Its tele-
graph and telephone system and monopolizes the
manufacture and sale of alcohol.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area, 15,976 square
miles. The population, according to the census ol
126
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
Juno, 1903, was 3,f59,349. Population of the largest
cities:
Zurich
.183,500
Basel 129,600
Geneva 121,200
Bern 78,500
Lausanne 60,000
St. Gallen 55.400
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS Total exports in 1909,
$211,852,000; imports, $304,065,000. Exports to the
United Slates in 1910, $25,209,159; imports, $756,770.
The articles chieUy exported are cottons, silks,
clocks and watches; imported, foodstuffs, silk,
minerals and metals, clothing aud animals.
THE NETHERLANDS.
GOVERNMENT Queen, Wilhemina: prince consort.
Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; heir. Princess
Juliana. Cabinet:
Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior-
Mr. Th. Heeniskerk.
Foreign Affairs Jonkheer Mr. R. de Marees van
Swiuderen.
Agriculture, Commerce, Industry and Labor A.
S. Talma.
War W. Cool.
Navy Capt. J. Wentholt.
Justice Mr. T. Y. B. Nelissen.
Finance M. J. C. M. Kolkman.
Colonies J. H. de Waal Malefyt.
W aterways Dr. L. H. W. Regout.
Legislative authority is vested in the states-gen-
eral, composed of two chambers, the first having
50 members and the second 100. The latter are
elected directly and the former by the provincial
states.
AREA AND POPULATION The area of Holland, or
the Netherlands, is 12,648 square miles. The total
population Jan. 1, 1910, was 5,853,037. That of the
chief cities Dec. 31, 1908, was:
Amsterdam 565,589
Rotterdam 411,635
The Hague (capi-
tal) 259,012
Utrecht 116,783
Groningen 75,370
Haarlem 70,348
Arnhem 63,987
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS In 1908 Holland imported
$1,129,576,569 worth of merchandise and e.\iorted
$872,982,270. In 1910 the exports to the United
States amounted to $31,713,766 and the imports *rom
the same country to $84,937,878. Chief imports are
iron and steel and their manufactures, textiles,
coal, cereals and flour; exports, butter, sugar and
cheese.
TURKEY.
GOVERNMENT Sultan, Mehmed V. Cabinet:
Grand Vizier Hakki Pasha.
Sheik-ul-Islam Husui Effendi.
Minister of the Interior Talaat Bey.
Foreign Affairs Rifaat Pasha.
War Mahraud Shevket Pasha.
Marine Admiral Halil Pasha.
Finance pjavid Bey.
Justice Nazim Pasha.
President of the Council of State Raif Pasha.
PuDlic Works Haladjian Effendi.
Put.llc Instruction Emrullah Effendi.
Agriculture, Mines and Forests Prince Mavro-
gordi'to.
Religious Foundation Sheref All Haidar.
A constitutional form of government was adopt-
ed July 24, 1908, with legislative authority vested
In a parliament.
AREA AND POPULATION The area of that part
of Turkey under the direot control of the sultan
Is 1,157,860 square miles; of the whole empire,
Including tributary and subject states, 1,565,020
square miles. The total population of all parts
of the empire is 35,414,300, of whom 24,813,700
are In Turkey proper. Constantinople has about
1.203,000 inhabitants.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The total exports In
1906 amounted in value to $98,361,800 and the
imports to $156,830,105. The exports to the United
States in 1910 amounted to $8,815,651 in value and
the imports to $2.357,672. The principal articles
imported are cloth and clothing, sugar, coffee,
flour, rice and manufactures of iron; exports,
grapes, silk, grain, cocoon, wool, cotton, carpets,
hides and skins.
ASIA.
AFGHANISTAN.
Ameer, Habibullah Khan; population, about
5,000,000; area, 250,000 square miles. No statin-
tics as to imports and exports of Afghanistan are
availablo. The chief productions are preserved
fruits, spices, wool, silk, cattle and tobacco.
BOKHARA.
Ameer. Sayid Abdul Ahad; heir, Sayid Mir Alim
Khan. The area of Bokhara is about 83,000 square
miles and the population 1,250,000. The products
are corn, tobacco, fruit, silk and hemp. Since
1873 Bokhara has been a dependency of Russia.
CHINA.
GOVERNMENT Regent, Prince Chun; heir-apparent,
Pu-Yi; president of foreign office, Prince Ching.
AREA AND POPULATION Total area of China,
with dependencies, 4,277,170 square miles; esti-
mated population, 433,553,030.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS The total exports in
1908 amounted to $178.564,924 and the imports to
$254,625,671. During the fiscal year 1910 goods to
the value of $16.970,453 were imported from the
United States. The total exports in the same pe-
riod to the United States amounted to $31,297,928.
The articles imported from America consist main-
ly of flour, kerosene, sago, india-rubber shoes, gin-
seng, quicksilver, white shirting, drills and broad-
cloth. Among the leading exports are tea, furs,
wool, mats, fans, essential oils, straw braid, silks,
hair, hides, hemp and sesamum seed.
JAPAN.
GOVERNMENT Emperor, Mntsuhito; crown prince,
Yoshihito. Cabinet:
Premier aud Minister of Finance Marquis Kat-
sura.
Foreign Affairs Baron Komura.
War Gen. Baron Terauchi.
Navy Vice- Admiral Saito.
Justice Viscount Okabe.
Education E. Komatsubara.
Agriculture and Commerce Raron Oura.
Interior Baron Ilirata.
Communications Baron Goto.
Legislative authority is vested In the emperor
and the imperial diet. This consists of the house
of peers and the house of representatives, the
former having 364 and the latter 379 members.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Japan
is 161,210 square miles. The population accord-
ing to the census of Dec. 31, 1908, was 49,581,-
928, exclusive of Formosa, the Pescadores and the
south half of Sakhalin. The total population is
close to 53,000,000. Cities having more than 100,-
000 inhabitants are:
Tokyo (1908) 2,186,079
Osaka 1,226,590
442,462
394.303
378,23^
Kobe 378,197
Nagasaki 176.480
Hiroshima
Kanafawa
Kure
142.763
110,994
100,679
Kyoto
Yokohama
Nagoya ..
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total imports in 1903
amounted in value to $195,784,000; exports, $204.167,-
000. In 1910 the imports from the United States
were valued at $21,959.310 and the exports to the
same country at $66,398,761. The chief exports are
raw silk, cotton, yarn, copper, coal and tea; im-
ports, sugar, cotton, iron and steel, machinery, pe-
troleum and wool.
KOREA.
Emperor, Yi Chok; nominally an empire, but now
a Japanese colony. Estimated area, 86.000 square
miles. Population. 10,000,000 to 12,000.000. of whom
5,608,151 werel liable to taxation in 1901. Seoul, the
capital, has 196.646 inhabitants. Imports in 1908
valui d at $20,512,761; exports, $7,056,655. Imports
from the United States in 1910, $442.066; exports
to, $20,176. The imports are chiefly cotton goods,
metals, kerosene and silk goods; exports are rice,
beai s, cowhides, ginseng and copper.
KHIVA.
Khan, Seyid Mahomed Rahim; heir-apparent,
Asfendiar; area, 24,000 square miles; jx>pulation.
800,000. Products are cotton and silk. Khiva is a
Russian vassal state.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
PERSIA.
Shah or emperor. Ahmed Mirza; regent, All Reza
Khun, Azad ul Mulk. Under constitution granted
in 1906 legislative authority is vested in a national
council of 166 members and a senate of sixty mem-
bers. The area of Persia is about 628,000 square
miles and the population 9,500,000. Imports in
1908-9, $33,523,560; exports, $29,358,630. Imports from
the United States in 1910, $509,178; exports to,
$6S3,371. Teheran, the capital, has a population of
about 280,000. Chief among the products are silk,
fruits, wheat, barley and rice.
SIAM.
King, Chowfa Maha Vajirvudh. Area, 195,000
square miles; population is estimated at 6,686,846.
Bangkok, the capital, has about 450,000 inhabitants.
The imports in 1908-9 we^e $28,906,000 and the ex-
ports $37,914,000. Imports from the United States
in 1910, $286,200; exports to, $125,882. Chief among
the exports are rice, teak and marine products;
imports, cotton goods and opium.
AFRICA.
ABYSSINIA.
Emperor, Menelik II. Total area of Abyssinia
about 200,000 square miles; population. 10,000,000.
The exports are coffee, hides and skine, gum, wax,
gold and Ivory.
ALGERIA.
Algeria is a colony of France. Governor-General
M. Jonnart. Area, 343,500 square miles; popu-
lation in 1906, 5,231,850. Chief imports are cot-
tons, skins and furs and woodwork; exports, wine,
sheep and cereals.
EGYPT.
Khedive, Abbas Hilmi: heir-apparent, Mohammed
Abdul Mounelm. Total area of Egypt, 400.000
square miles; area of the Egyptian Sudan, 950,000
square miles. The population of Egypt proper in
1907 was 11,287,395; of the Egyptian Sudan, 10,-
000,000. Population of Cairo, 654,476; Alexandria,
332,246. Great Britain controls the state finances
and is represented at Cairo by a "financial ad-
viser," who sits in the council of ministers. The
present adviser is Sir Eldon Gorst. The total ex-
ports in 1909 were valued at $130,381,000 and
the imports at $111,152,400. Imports from the
United States in 1910, $982,845; exports to, $12,-
176,108. The exports consist chiefly of cereals,
raw cotton and provisions; imports, wool, coal,
textiles and metal manufactures.
KONGO.
The Kongo was made a Belgian colony In 1908.
The estimated area is 909,654 square miles and the
negro population about 20,000.000. Europeans num-
bered 2,938 in January, 1909. Among the leading
articles of export are ivory, rubber, cocoa, palm
nuts, palm oil, copal gum and coffee. Total im-
ports in 1908, $11,771,900; exports, $20,047,800.
LIBERIA.
President Arthur Barclay. Legislative power is
vested in a senate of nine members and a house
of representatives of fourteen members. The total
area of the republic is about 40,000 square mile*
and the population 2.120,000. The exports In 1907
were valued at $465.468 and the imports at $669,-
143. Imports from the United States in 1910, $84,-
869; exports to. $212. The chief exports are rub-
ber, palm oil, cocoa, coffee, ivory, ginger and cam-
wood. Imports are cottons, provisions, wood and
iron manufactures and gin.
MOROCCO.
Sultan, Mulai Abd-el-Hafld. Area of Morocco
about 219,000 square miles; population, 5,000,000.
Total imports in 1908, $15,254,000; exports, $12.-
423.300. Imports from the United States in 1910,
$00,373: exports to, $475,215. The chief imports
are cotton, sugar and tea; exports, eggs, almonds,
goatskins, beans, peas, linseed, wool, wax and
cattle.
TUNIS.
Bey, Sidi Mohammed; heir-presumptive, Sidi Mo-
hammed Ben Mamoun Bey. Tunis is under the
protectorate of France and that country is rep-
resented by a resident-general. Total area, 50,000
square miles; population In 1906 about 2,000,000,
including 128,895 foreigners. Importu in 1908,
$24,606,650; exports, $18,831,000. Chief exports
are wheat, barley, olives and palms.
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA.
(See Great Britain.)
MEXICO.
GOVERNMENT The republic of Mexico is divided
into twenty-seven states, three territories and one
federal district, each with a local government, but
all subject to the federal constitution. Representa-
tives are elected for two years each and are ap-
portioned at the rate of one for each 40.000 inhab-
itants; the senators, of whom there are fifty-six,
are elected by the people in the same manner as
representatives. The president holds office four
years and may be elected for several consecutive
terms. Gen. Porfirio Diaz is serving his eighth
term, which expires in November, 1916. Following
are the names of his cabinet officers:
Senor Lie. Don Enrique C. Creel, secretary of
state and of the department of foreign affairs.
Senor Don Ramon Corral, secretary of the Inte-
rior and vice-president.
Senor Lie. Don Justino Fernandez, secretary of
justice.
Senor Lie. Don Justo Sierra, secretary of public
instruction and fine arts.
Senor Lie. Olegario Molina, secretary of encour-
agement.
Senor Leandro Fernandez, secretary of public
works and' communication.
Senor Lie. Don Jose Ives Limantoar, secretary of
the treasury and of public credit.
Seuor Gen. Don Manuel Gonzales Cosio, secretary
of the army and navy.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area, includ-
ing islands, is 767,005 square miles. The popula-
tion, according to the federal census of Oct. 28,
1900. is 13,605,919. The population of leading
cities of the republic follows: City of Mexico
(capital), 368,777; Guadalajara, 101,413; Puebla,
93,521; Monterey, 62,266; San Luis Potosi, 61,009;
Saltillo, 40.441; Pachuca, 37,487; Aguas Callentes,
35,052; Zacatecas, 32.856; Durango, 31,092; Toluca,
20,893; Hermosillo, 17.617.
COMMERCE The chief exports of Mexico are
precious metals, coffee, tobacco, hemp, sisal, sugar,
dyewoods and cabinet woods, cattle and hides and
skins. In 1909 the total exports amounted to
$115.089,000; total imports for the same year were
$77,939,000. The trade of Mexico is chiefly with
the United States, Great Britain, France, Ger-
many and Spain. In 1910 the imports from the
United States were $58,193,704; exports to, $58,-
795,943.
SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLICS.
ARGENTINA.
President, Senor Saenz Pena; capital, Buenos
Aires. Area. 1,135.840 square miles. Population
(1908), 6,48y,023; Buenos Aires, 1,189,252. Total ex-
port* In 1909, $397,350,528; imports, $302,756.095. Ex-
ports to the United States in 1910, $33,463,264; im-
ports, $40,694,941. Chief exports, sheep, wool, cat-
tle, hides, frozen meats and wheat; Imports, ma-
chinery, agricultural implements, railway cars, en-
gines and supplies and manufactures of iron and
steel.
BOLIVIA.
President, Senor Elidoro Villazon; capital, Sucre.
Area. 605,400 square miles. Population (1908),
2.049,083; LaPaz, 78,856; Chocachamba. 24.512; Sucre,
23,416. Total exports in 1909, $17,514.000; imports,
514.368.469. Exports to the United States in 1910,
$189; imports, $603,721. Chief exports, silver, tin,
copper, coffee, rubber; imports, provisions, cloth-
ing, hardware, spirits, silks and woolens.
BRAZIL.
President, Marshal Hermes da Fonseca; capital,
Rio de Janeiro. Ana, 3,218,991 square miles. Pop-
ulation (1900), 17. 71,069. Rio de Janeiro <1909>,
1,189,662; Sao Paulo (1902), 332,000; Bahia. 230.000;
Pernambuco, 120.000. Exports (1909). $310 261.000;
imports, $180.604.000. Exports to the United States
in 1910, $108,154,491; imports, $22,897,850. Chief ex-
128
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
ports, coffee, sugar, tobacco, cotton and rubber:
imports, cotton goods, manufactures of iron and
steel, furniture, mineral oils, breadstuffs and pro-
visions.
CHILEL
President, Ramon Barros Luco; capital, Santi-
ago. Area, 2S2.5SO square miles. Population in
1908, 3,399,928; Santiago, 378,000; Valparaiso, 175,000;
Concepcion, 60,676. Total exports in 1909, $111,846.-
916; imports, $95,660,208. Experts to the United
States in 1910, $20,921,326; Imports, $8,304,246. Chief
exports, nitrate, wool, hides and leather: imports,
sugar, coal, cotton goods, cashmeres, oil, galvan-
ized iron.
COLOMBIA.
President, Carlos E. Restrepo; capital, Bogota.
Area, 435.100 square miles. Population In 1908,
4,303,000. Total exports (1909), $15,513,346; total im-
ports, $10,561,047. Exports to the United States in
1910, $7,485,141; imports, $3,979,886. Chief exports,
gold, silver and other minerals, coffee, cocoa, cat-
tle, sugar, tobacco and rubber; imports, manufac-
tures of iron and steel, cotton goods.
ECUADOR.
President, Gen. Eloy Alfaro; capital, Quito.
Area, 116,000 square miles. Population, 1,272,000;
Quito, 50,841; Guayaquil, 51,000. Total exports in
1909, $12,439,400; imports, $9,352,122. Exports to the
United States in 1910, $2,859.714; imports, $2,215.951.
Chief exports, coffee, cocoa, rice, sugar, rubber,
cabinet woods, chemicals and minerals; imports,
cotton, provisions, manufactures of iron' and steel,
clothing and mineral oil.
PARAGUAY.
President, Sr. Don Emiliano Gonzalez Navero;
capital, Asuncion. Area, 98,000 square miles. Pop-
ulation (1905), 631,347. Asuncion (1905), 60,259. To-
tal exports in 1909, $5,071,600, imports, $3.640,728.
Exports to the United States in 1910, $29,170; im-
ports, $61,142. Chief exports, mate (or Paraguay
tea), tobacco, hides, timber, oranges; imports, cot-
ton goods, machinery and provisions.
PERU.
President. Augusto B. Leguia; capital, Lima.
Area, 695,733 square miles. Population, 4,000,000;
Lima. 140,884; Callao, 31,000. Total exports in 1908.
$27,750.000; imports. $25,000,000. Exports to the
United States in 1910, $7,621,497; imports, $4,548,053.
Chief exports, cotton, coffee, sugar, cinchona, India
rublier, dies and medicinal plants; imports, wool-
ens, cotton, machinery and manufactures of iron.
URUGUAY.
President, Dr. Clar.dio Williman; capital, Monte-
video. Area. 72,210 square miles. Population (1908),
1,042,668; Montevideo (1908), 316,000. Total exports
in 1909, $47,621,291; imports, $38,643,035. Exports to
the United States in 1910, $7,413,896; imports, $4.-
272,145. Chief exports, animal and agricultural
products; imports, manufactured articles.
VENEZUELA.
President. .Tuan Vicente Gomez; capital, Caracas.
Area. 393,870 square miles. Population (1908). 2,664,-
241; Caracas, 75,000. Total exports in 1909. $16.-
629,063; imp.orts, $9,836.097. Exports to the United
States in 1910, $6.701,352, imports, $2.797.210. Chief
exports, coffee, hides, cabinet woods, rubber and
chemicals; imports, machinery, manufactures of
iron and steel, provisions, furniture and mineral
wools.
CENTRAL AMERICAN STATES.
COSTA RICA.
President, Don Ricnrdo Jiminez; capital. San
Jose. Area, 18,400 square miles. Population (1907),
361,176; of San Jose, 26,682. Total exports (1909).
$8,176,257; imports, $6,109,938. Exports to the United
States in 1910, $3,641.298; imports, $3,050,510. Chief
exports, coffee and bananas; imports, cotton, ma-
chinery, iro.n and steel manufactures, woolens and!
worsteds.
GUATEMALA.
President, Manuel E. Cabrera; capital, Guate-
mala de Nueva. Area, 48,290 square miles. Popu-
lation, 1,882,992, of the capital, 125,000. Total ex-
ports (1909), $10,079,219; Imports, $5,811,586. Exports
to the United States in 1910. $1,832,324; imports,
$1.959,246. Chief exports, coffee and bananas; im-
ports, cotton and cereals.
HONDURAS.
President, Miguel R. Davila; capital, Tegucigalpa.
Area, 46,250 square miles. Population, 500,136; Te/-
gucigalpa, 34,692. Total exports (1909), $1.993,985;
imports, $2,581,552. Exports to the United States
in 1910, $2,012,255; imports, $1,605.493. Chief ex-
ports, bananas, coffee, cattle, cocoanuts and wood;
chief import, cotton.
NICARAGUA.
President, Gen. Juan J. Estrada; capital, Ma
nugua. Area, 49,200 square miles. Population 600,-
000; Managua, 34,872; Leon, 62,569. Total exports
(1909), $3,600,000; imports, $3,500,000. Exports to the
United States in IflO, $1,321,767; imports, $1,690,792.
Chief exports, cattle and coffee; imports, flour,
wine, beer, barbed wire, cotton goods, sewing ma-
chines, kerosene, calico and tallow.
PANAMA.
President, -Dr. C. A. Mendoza; term expires Sept.
SO, 1912. Independence- of Panama declared Nov. 3,
1903; constitution adopted Feb. 13, 1904. Legisla-
tive power is vested in a national -assembly com-
posed of deputies elected by the people. The ratio
of representation is one deputy for each 10,000 in-
habitants. The term of office is four years. The
area of the republic is 31,571 square miles and the
]x>pulation about 4CO.OOO; city of Panama, 20,000.
Total exports (1906), $1,502,475; imports, $8,756,308.
The exports to the United States in the fiscal year
ended June 30, 1910, amounted to $2.229,189 and the
imports to $20,596,371. The chief articles of export
are bananas, rubber, coffee and pearls.
SALVADOR.
President, Gen. Fernando Figueroa; capital, San
Salvador. Area, 7,225 square miles. Population
(1906), 1,116.253; San Salvador, 59,540. Total exports
(1909), $6,361,341; imports, $4,176,931. Exports to the
United States in 1910, $1,176,393; imports, $1,316,957.
Chief exports, coffee, indigo, sugar, tobacco and
balsams; imoorts, cotton, spirits, flour, iron goods,
silk and yarn.
CUBA.
GOVERNMENT President, Gen'. Jose Miguel Go-
mez; vice-president, Alfredo Zayas; terms expire
May 20, 1913. Cabinet officers:
Secretary of State Justo Garcia Velez.
Secretary of Promotion Marcelino Diaz de Ville-
gas.
Secretary of Justice Luis Octavo Divlno.
Secretary of Interior Nicolas Albert!.
Secretary of Public Works Benito Lagueruela.
Secretary of Public Instruction Ramon Mesa.
Secretary of Agriculture, Commerce and Industry
Ortelio Foyo.
Secretary of Sanitation Dr. Matias Duque.
Under the constitution the legislative power Is
exercised by two elective bodies the house of rep-
resentatives and the senate, conjointly called con-
gress. The senate is composed of four senators
from each of the six provinces, elected for eight
years by the provincial councilmen and by a dou-
ble number of electors constituting together an
electoral board.
The house of representatives is composed of one
representative for each 25,000 inhabitants or frac-
tion thereof over 12,500, elected for four years by
direct vote. One-half of the members of the house
are elected every two years. The salary of mem-
bers of congress is $3,600 a year.
ORGANIZATION OF THE REPUBLIC The organiza-
tion of the republic of Cuba, begun in 1900, was
practically completed on the 20th of May, 1902.
when the military occupation of the island by the
United States came to an end and Gen. Tomas
Estrada Palma was inaugurated as the first presi-
dent.
AREA AND POPULATION The total area of Cuba
is 41,634 square miles. The population in 1907,
when the last census was taken, was 2,048,980.
Population of provinces (1907):
Havana 538,010
Santa Clara 457,431
Oriente 455,086
Pinar del Rio 240,372
Matanzas 239,811
Oamaguey 118,800
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
129
Population
of principal cities in 1907:
302,526 rVilon
.. 52,006
HAITI.
President, Gen. Antoine F. C. Simon. The area
of Haiti is 10,204 square miles and the population
about 2,029,700. Coffee, cocoa and logwood are the
leading articles sold. Total exports (1909), $11.008,-
483; imports, $5,712,513. Exports to the United
States in 1910. X790.579: imnorts. X4.49R.44S.
. . . 70,416
Holquin
.. 50,224
Camaguey . .
66,460
64 385
IMnar del Rio...
Santa Clara
.. 50,071
.. 46,620
54,900
.. 43,300
Santiago ..
.. 53.614
Gibaia ..
.. 39,343
About 70 per cent of the population is white.
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS The total imports in 1909
(calendar year) amounted to $91,447,581 and the ex-
ports to $124,711,069. The imports from the United
States in 1910 were valued at $58,193,704 and the
exports at $58,795,943. The principal articles of ex-
port are sugar, tobacco and cigars, iron and man-
ganese ore, fruit, coffee, cocoa, molasses and
sponges; of import, animals, breadstuffs, coal and
coke, Iron and steel, wood, liquor, cotton, chem-
icals and vegetables.
ANNEXATION OF
The empire of Korea was formally annexed to
Japan Aug. 29, 1910, when the treaty concluded be-
tween the two governments was officially promul-
gated. The document Is preceded by a declaration
in which attention is called to the fact that the
system of government prevailing in Korea had not
proved equal to the preservation ofi order and tran-
quillity and that fundamental changes in the actual
regime were absolutely essential. The government
of Japan further declares that foreigners resident
in Korea will enjoy the same rights and immuni-
ties as in Japan; that Japan, for a period of ten
years, will levy upon goods imported into Korea
from foreign countries or exported from Korea, and
upon foreign vessels entering any of the open
ports of Korea, the same import or export duties
and the same tonnage dues as under the existing
schedules; that Japan will also permit, for a pe-
riod of ten years, vessels under the flags of pow-
ers having treaties with Japan to engage in the
coasting trade between the open ports of Korea
and Japan, and that the existing open ports of
Korea, with the exception of Masampo, will be
continued as open ports and in addition Shin-Wiju
will be newly opened. The text of the treaty follows :
His majesty the emperor of Japan and his maj-
esty 'the emperor of Korea, having in view the
special and close relations between their respec-
tive countries, desiring to promote the common
weal of the two nations and to assure permanent
peace In the extreme east, and being convinced
that these objects can be best attained by the an-
nexation of Korea to the empire of Japan, have
resolved to conclude a treaty of such annexation,
and have for that purpose appointed as their plen-
ipotentiaries, that is to say:
His majesty the emperor of Japan, Viscount
Masakata Terauchl, his resident-general, and his
majesty the emperor of Korea, Ye Wan Yong, his
minister president of state,
Who, upon mutual conference and deliberation,
have agreed to the following articles:
Article I. His majesty the emperor of Korea
makes complete and permanent cession to his
majesty the emperor of Japan of all rights of sov-
eignty over the whole of Korea.
Art. II. His majesty the emperor of Japan ac-
SANTO DOMINGO.
President, Gen. Ramon Caceres. The republic has
an area of 18,045 square miles and a population of
about 610,000. Santo Domingo, the capital, has
18,626 inhabitants. In 1909 the exports amounted to
$8,177,330 and the chief articles shipped were cof-
fee, cocoa and muhogany; imports, $4,645.378. Ex-
ports to the United States in 1910, $2,462,716; im-
ports, $3,106,402.
KOREA BY JAPAN.
cepts the cession mentioned In the preceding arti-
cle and consents to the complete annexation of
Korea to the empire of Japan.
Art. III. His majesty the emperor of Japan will
accord to their majesties the emperor and ex-
emperor and his imperial highness the crown
prince of Korea and their consorts and heirs such
titles, dignity and honor as are appropriate to
their respective ranks, ano? sufficient annual grants
will be made for the maintenance of such titles,
dignity and honor.
Art. IV. His majesty the emperor of Japan will
also accord appropriate honor and treatment to
the members of the imperial house of Korea and
their heirs, other than those mentioned in the pre-
ceding article, and the funds necessary for the
maintenance of such honor and treatment will l>e
granted. .
Art. V. His majesty the emperor of Japan will
confer peerages and monetary grants upon those
Koreans who, on account of meritorious services,
are regarded as deserving such special recognition.
Art. VI. In consequence of the aforesaid annex-
ation, the government of Japan will assume the
entire government and administration of Korea and
undertake to afford full protection for the persons
and property of Koreans obeying the laws there in
force and to promote the welfare of all such
Koreans.
Art. VII. The government of Japan will, so far
as circumstances permit, employ in the public
service of Japan In Korea those Koreans who ac-
cept the new regime loyally and in good faith
and who are duly qualified for such service.
Art. VIII. This treaty, having been approved by
his majesty the emperor of Japan rfnd his majesty
the emperor of Korea, shall take effect from the
date of Its promulgation.
In faith whereof the respective plenipotentiaries
have signed this treaty and have affixed thereto
VISCOUNT MASAKATA TERAIK3HI, resident-
general, the 22d day of the 8th month of the
43d year of Meiji.
YE WAN YONG, minister president of state, the
22d day of the 8th month of the 4th year of
Nung-hui.
COLONIES AND MOTHER COUNTRIES COMPARED.
COUNTRIES.
No. of
colo-
nies.
AREA IN SQUARE MILES.
POPULATION.
Mother
country.
Colonies.
Total.
Mother
country.
Colonles.t
Total.
Austria-Hungary...;
1
1
4
3
27
12
52
2
4
13
9
2
3
4
7
241.333
11,373
1,532.420
15.593
207,054
208,780
121.400
110.550
147,655
12,648
35,490
8,647,657
194.783
1,157,800
3.025,600
19,702
909,654
2,744,7f,0
86.634
4,727,967
1,027.820
11,845,891
175,500
114.264
783.602
802,952
lor.ooo
80,580
1,353,545
716,555
261,035
921,027
4,277,170
102,226
4.935,021
1,236.600
11,467.294
286,050
261.528
796.250
838,412
8,754.657
275.363
2.511,405
3,742,155
45.405,267
7.386.444
407.253,030
2.605.268
39.252,345
60.641.278
45.008,423
34,269.761
49,581.928
5.825.198
5,423.132
113,841,000
19,712,58-,
24,813,700
*a8,043.455
1.568,092
20.000.01X)
26.300.000
120.890
46,897.319
14.007,09:2
351.286.331
950.000
13.540,278
3S.OJS.257
9.144.316
2,050.000
291.946
14.014,001
8.849.448
46,973,359
27,386,444
433,553,030
2,726,158
86.149.664
75.248.370
3%.294,752
35.219,764
63.122.206
43.873,455
14.567,448
115.891.000
20.004,531
38.827,704
96.892.903
Belgi um
China
Denmark
Germany
Great Britain
Italy
Portugal
Russia
Spain ,
United States
"Continental United States in 1909. tlncludes protectorates and dependencies of ail kinds.
130
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
COLONIES AND DEPEH
AUSTBIA-HUNOABY.
Sq. miles. Population.
Bosnia and Herzegovina 19,702 1,568,092
DENCIES OF NATIONS.
Sq.
St. Helena
miles. Population.
47 3,558
156 21,982
30,000 1,252,000
12,000 150,000
68,000 348,000
77,260 6,500.000
1,600 678,016
390 22,000
110,426 1,269,951
1,868 343,000
169 5,300
223.500 2.764,086
285 130,792
672 375,152
1,020 250,000
20,000 189,000
560 65,446
384,180 10,000,000
322.450 120,000
70,000 110,000
191,130 8,000,000
200 33,000
- 250 2,646
150 15,000
1,000 37,000
4,200 45,000
33,700 1,000,000
45,800 450,000
129,700 400,000
13,458 3,039,751
86,000 10,000,000
1,256 427,117
50 55,410
12,500 18,000
4,065 523,635
4,446 115,189
1,863 36,858
212,737 1,233,655
72,010 851,905
403 62,758
46,060 78,124
50,554 30,098,008
43,864 407,908
151,789 200,000
16,301 112,216
161,812 4,029,503
17,698 308,600
484.800 4,119,000
1,480 147,424
169 56,285
293,400 3,120,000
1,469 475,513
13,940 820,000
4 63,991
360 42,103
7,330 800,000
83,000 1,250,000
24,000 800,000
780 21,946
70.000 130,000
9,800 140,000
3,365 310,185
180 63,424
400,000 11,287,395
950,000 2,363,000
590,884 91,978
210 9,000
6,449 154,001
474
BELGIUM.
Solomon islands
CHINA.
Chinese Turkestan 650,340 1,200,000
Manchuria 363,610 16,000,000
Somalilaud
Soutl'ern Nigeria
Straits Settlements
Tonga islands
Tibet 463,200 6,500,000
DENMARK.
Greenland 46,740 11,893
Iceland 39,756 78,470
Transvaal
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos islands
Uganda
West Indies 138 30,527
FRANCE.
Windward islands
Zanzibar
Annam 52,100 6,128,000
Cambodia 45,000 1,800,000
Cochin China 20,000 2,968,600
GERMANY.
Bismarck archipelago
Caroline Islands
Comoro isles 620 86,000
Guadeloupe 689 182,110
Guiana 34,060 39,349
India, French 196 277,000
Kongo, French 669,280 5,000,000
Laos 98,400 650,000
German Southwest Africa
Kaiser Wllhelm's Land
Kamerun
Klauchau Bay
Marianne Islands
Madagascar 226,015 2,701,000
Martinique 378 182,000
Mayotte 140 11,610
New Caledonia 7,200 55,800
Reunion 970 201,000
Samoan islands
Solomon islands
Togoland
ITALY.
Eritrea
St. Pierre and Miquelon 96 6,000
Somali coast 5,790 180,000
Tahiti, etc 1,544 30,000
Somali lam 1
JAPAN.
Fo.-mosa
Korea
Tunis 45,779 1,500,000
West Africa, French:
K wantung
Pescadores
Sakhalin
Guinea ) 1,498', 000
Ivory coast (1,685,810 890,000
Mauretania ( 400,000
NETHERLANDS.
Ball and Lombok
Banca
Senegal 1 915,000
Upper Senegal-Niger / 4,415,000
GREAT BRITAIN.
Aden Perlm Socotra 10 387 55 974
Borneo
Celebes
Curacao
Dutch Guiana
Ascension 34 120
Java and Madura
Australia . 3 065 120 4,625,306
Molucca islands
Bahamas ... 4404 60,309
New Guinea
Barbados 166 35,000
Riau-Lingga archipelago
Easutoland 10 290 348 850
Sumatra
Becnuanaland 275 000 134 100
Timor
Bermuda .-... 19 17,535
PORTUGAL.
Angola
Borneo ind Sarawt k 73 206 660 000
British Guiana 90 500 297,172
Cape Verde Islands
British Honduras 7 562 43 270
Damao, Diu
Brlt'h New Guinea 90 540 500 000
East Africa
Can.ida 3 745 574 6 945 000
Goa
Capo of Good Hope 276 990 2 507 500
Guinea
Cevlon 25 330 4 038 456
Macao, etc
Cyprus . . 3 580 258 997
Prince's and St. Thomas
East Africa protectorate 175,518 4,000,000
Falkland islands 7500 2,289
Timor
RUSSIA.
Bokhara
Federated Malay States 26 380 965 850
Fiji 7 740 130'981
Khiva
Gambia 3,619 154,330
SPAIN.
Fernando Po, etc
Gibraltar ... . 2 18316
Gold Coast 119260 1696970
Rio de Oro and Adrar
Hongkong 390 421 499
Rio Muni, etc
India 1,773,088 294 317,082
TURKEY.
Crete
Jamaica 4,207 845,798
Laboan 30 8,286
Leeward islands 701 172,110
Egypt
Malta 117 212888
Mauritius 835 380144
UNITED STATES
Alaska
Natal 35,371 1,206,386
Newfoundland-Labrador 162,734 233,012
New Zealand 104 751 1 029 417
Hawaii . .
Northern Nigeria 256 400 7 614 751
Nyasaland 43,608 997217
Porto Rico
3,435 953. 24S
115,026 7,635,426
77 5,800
Gallons.
6.31?,745.312
6.976.004,070
.. 7.542.044.118
Orange Free State 50,392 466,380
Philippines
Rhodesia 439,575 1,604,875
Samoan islands
CRUDE PETROLEUM PRODUCl
Year. Gallons. Year. Gallons.
1887 2539971.672 1900 2.661,233.568
SD IN THE UNITED STATES.
Year. Gallons. Year.
1903 4,219,376.154 1906...
1904 4.916.663.6S2 1907...
1905 5.658,138.360 1908...
1898 2.325,297,786 1901 2,914,346.148
1899 2.396,975,700 1902... ., 3,728,210,472
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
131
REVOLUTION
King Manuel II. of Portugal was deposed by a
revolution in Lisbon and a republican government
established Oct. 3-4, 1910. The royal family es-
caped from the Necessidades palace to the Portu-
guese royal yacht, Amelie, and proceeded to
Gibraltar, whence the king later was conveyed to
Kngland on the royal yacht Victoria and Albert.
The republicans in Portugal had been planning
for months to overthrow the monarchy, but the
actual revolution was brought about by the act of
a fanatical royalist named Santos, recently re-
leased from an insane asylum, who shot and mor-
tally wounded Prof. Bombarda, whom he blamed
for his detention. Bombarda was a well-known re-
publican and his killing was denounced in the re-
publican newspaper, Seculo, as a political assassi-
nation, as the professor was one of the delegates
recently elected to the cortes. Great excitement
ensued, mobs' were formed and encounters with the
poli2e occurred. The 1st battery of artillery seized
their officers, tore down the royal flag and dis-
tributed arms and ammunition among the people.
Part of the 16th Infantry also mutinied and
fought against the troops that remained loyal to
the king. The republican forces were getting the
worst of It when three Portuguese cruisers In the
Tagus, the Adamastor, the San Rafael and the
Dotu Fernando, came to their rescue, hoisting the
red and green flag of the republic and shelling the
royal palaces. The bombarument did little actual
damage, but hastened the surrender of the royal-
ists. The municipal guard and some of the other
loyal soldiers held out until Wednesday morning,
Oct. 5, when they surrendered. In the course of
the fighting several hundreds of persons were
killed or wounded, but no accurate figures were
published.
King Manuel, who a few hours before the revolt
had banqueted President-elect Fonseca of Brazil,
escaped from the Necessidades palace and was con-
veyed In an automobile to Mafra, a town about
IK PORTUGAL.
eighteen miles northwest of Lisbon. Here he was
joined by the Queen Mother Amelie and the Dow-
ager Queen Maria Pia, who had fled from the
Ajuda palace to Cintra. The Infante Alfonso, duke
of Oporto, had embarked upon the royal yacht
Amelie at Cascaes and brought the vessel around
to Ericeira, a fishing village a few miles beyond
Mafra. Here the royal fugitives embarked and
went directly to Gibraltar and placed themselves
under the protection of the British authorities.
In the provinces, island possessions and colonies
of Portugal the republicans assumed control al-
most without opposition and within a few days
after the events in Lisbon the revolution was com-
plete throughout the country. The people In the
capital, who had taken part in thy insurrection,
disbanded voluntarily, order was quickly restored
and business resumed. A provisional government
was established with Theophile Braga, a poet and
philosopher, as president, and the following as
members of his cabinet:
Minister of Justice Alfonso Costa.
Minister of Foreign Affairs Bernadino Machado.
Minister of Finance Bazlllo Telles.
Minister of Public Works Antonio Luiz Gomes.
Minister of War Col. Barreto.
Minister of Marine Amaro Azovado Gomes.
Minister of the Interior Antonio Almeida.
Civil Governor of Lisbon Eusebio Leao.
One of the first acts of the new government was
to order the expulsion of many of the religious
orders In Portugal and to substitute public for
clerical schools. The announced policy of the new
regime was to promote decentralization in the gov-
ernment and colonial autonomy, to establish a sys-
tem of secular education, to secure freedom of
speech, to reform the finances and to separate the
church and the state. It was also announced that
governmental authority would be turned over to
officials elected by the people within three months.
EPIDEMIC OF CHOLERA IN EUROPE.
Europe had an epidemic of cholera In 1910 more
serious than any other of recent years. The dis-
ease claimed thousands of victims In Russia and
many In Italy, bub sporadic cases occurred in vari-
ous parts of Austria-Hungary, Germany, Spain and
England, while a few died on ships at sea. Sev-
eral cases developed on vessels arriving in New
York from Naples early in October.
Cholera has existed In Russia for two or three
years, but in a mild form compared to the out-
break of 1910. Cases of the plague appeared early
In the summer and as the season advanced they
multiplied until In July. August and September
they numbered between 150,000 and 260,000. Accu-
rate statistics were not available for the entire
empire, but such official figures as were made pub-
lic showed that the mortality was very great. For
example, the sanitary bureau reported that during
the week of Aug. 7-13 there were 23,944 new cases
and 10,723 deaths, bringing the total number of
cases In Russia during the year up to that time to
112,985. Th.-; disease was then raging not only In
St. Petersburg. Moscow and other large cities, but
in nearly all the provinces. Sept. 26 the reports of
the sanitary bureau showed a total for the season
of 182,327 oases, with 83,613 deaths. With the ad-
vent of cooler weather In October the plague be-
gan to decline.
Outside of Russia the most serious development
of the disease was In Naples, Italy. The first
cases were reported about the middle of August
in Barl and other towns In southeastern and south-
ern Italy. The epidemic spread rapidly and soon
reached Naples, though Its presence there was not
officially admitted until Sept. 26. By the end of
September there were a dozen deaths and a score
or more of new cases dally in the southern capital.
Thousands of people fled from the city and It was
practically isolated.
In the course of the summer cases of cholera
were reported from other points in Europe as fol-
lows: Tranl, Barletta, Andrla, Trinitapoli, Ca-
nosa, Molfetta, Sptnazzola, .Margherlt, Savoia, San
Fernandino, Corignola, Bitonto, province of Apulia,
Leghorn, Turin, Rome and towns in Sicily, Italy;
Spandau, Freiburg, Berlin and Danzig, Germany;
Budapest. Hungary, and London, England. Except
In Italy, however, the disease was promptly
checked.
REVOLUTIONS IN NICARAGUA.
Jose Santos Zelaya, the despotic president of
Nicaragua, resigned Dec. 16, 1909, and Dr. Jose
Madriz was elected to succeed him. Zelaya fled
to Mexico in January, 1910, and thence went to
Belgium and finally to Spain. Dr. Madriz was op-
posed by a large portion of the population and a
revolution broke out almost, immediately after he
assumed office. Warfare continued for several
Structure. Feet.
Amiens cathedral 383
HEIGHT OF SOME F
Structure. Feet.
Eiffel tower 984
&.MOUS STRUCTURES.
Structure. Feet.
Milan cathedral 360
Pyramid, Great 451
Rouen cathedral 464
St. Paul's, London... 404
St. Peter's, Rome 433
Bunker Hill mon't 221
Capitol, Washington. .288
City hall. Phlla 535
Cologne cathedral 512
Florence cathedral 337
Frlbourg cathedral 386
Masonic Tern., Chi. ..354
Metropol. bldg., N. Y.700
months, the leader of the rebels. Gen. Juan J.
Estrada, gradually driving the government troops
from one stronghold to another, until Aug. 21,
when Madriz gave up the struggle. The following
day Gen. Estrada was proclaimed president of
Klcnmna. Dr. Madriz' fall was due In part to
his unfriendly attitude toward the United States.
Structure. Feet.
Singer bldg., N. Y....612
Strassburg cathedral. .465
St. Stephen's, Vienna.470
Ward bldg., Chicago.. 394
Washington mon'm't.556
132
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON.
The Carnegie Institution was endowed by Andrew
Carnegie with $10,000,000 and incorporated under the
laws of the District of Columbia, Jan. 4. 1902. It
was. however, deemed advisable to have it incor-
porated by act of congress, and this was effected
May 18, 1904. Section 2 of the act specifies that
the objects of the corporation shall be to encour-
age, in the broadest and most liberal manner, in-
vestigation, research and discovery, and the appli-
cation of knowledge to the improvement of man-
kind. The projects considered by the institute are
chiefly of three classes, namely:
First, large projects or departments of work,
Whose execution requires continuous research by a
corps of investigators during a series of years.
Secondly, minor projects, which may be carried
out by Individual experts in a limited period of
time.
Thirdly, research associates and assistants, aid
being given to a few investigators possessing ex-
ceptional abilities and opportunities for research
work.
An annual appropriation is made for the purpose
of publishing the results of investigations made
under the auspices of the institution, and for cer-
tain works which would not otherwise be readily
printed. These publications are not distributed
gratis except to a limited list of the greater libra-
ries of the world.
Dec. 4. 1907. Andrew Carnegie added $2,000.000 to
the endowment of the Institution, making the total
$12.000.000.
The following table shows the gross sums allotted
to large projects since the organization of the in-
stitution up to 1910:
Botanical research $125,240.00
Economics and sociology 150,000.00
Experimental evolution 150,450.00
Geophysical research 325,000.00
Historical research 87,650.00
Horticultural work (Burbank) 50,000.00
Marine biology 93,700.00
Meridian astrometry 80,000.00
Nutrition research 207,585.70
Solar observatory 581,500.00
Terrestrial magnetism 295,000.00
Total 2,146,125.70
The total amount expended up to 1910 was
$4,128,697.11.
The larger projects now under way and the names
of the department directors or investigators are
as follows :
Botanical research D. T. MacDougal.
Economics and sociology Henry W. Farnam.
Experimental evolution Charles B. Davenport.
Geophysics Arthur L. Day.
Historical research J. F. Jameson.
Marine biology A. G. Mayer.
Meridian astrometry Lewis Boss.
Nutrition F. G. Benedict.
Solar physics George E. Hale.
Terrestrial magnetism A. L. Bauer.
The officers are as follows :
President of the institution Robert S. Woodward.
Officers of the board of trustees John S. Bill-
ings, chairman ; Elihu Root, vice-chairman ; C. H.
Dodge, secretary.
Executive committee William H. Welch, chair-
man; John S. Billings, S. Weir Mitchell, Ellha
Root, Robert S. Woodward, C. H. Dodge, C. D.
Walcott, William Barclay Parsons.
Trustees John S. Billings, John L. Cadwalader,
Cleveland H. Dodge, W. N. Frew, Lyman J. Gage,
Henry L. Higginson, Charles L. Hutchinson, Seth
Low. S. Woir Mitchell. Andrew J. Montague, Wil-,
liam W. Morrow, Elihu Root. William Barclay
Parsons, Henry S. Pritchett, Martin A. Ryerson,
Charles D. Walcott, Andrew D. White. Robert 8.
Woodward, William H. Taft, William H. Welch.
The administration building of the institution
is located on the southeast corner of 16th and P
streets, N. W., Washington, D. C. The institution,
however, is neither a branch of nor subject to any
special regulations of the United States govern-
ment. Neither is it a college or a university,
nor does it maintain a library or museum.
Alaskan Boundary Delimitation Commissioner for
the United States, O. H. Tittman; for Great
Britain, Dr. Frederick King.
.Intel national Waterways Members of commission,
George Clinton, Oswald H. Ernst and Eugene E.
Haskell for the United States; George C. Gib-
bons, Louis A. Costa and William J. Stewart for
Great Britain.
Prison Commissioner on the part of the United
States, Charles R. Henderson, University of Chi-
cago.
International Institute of Agriculture at Rome,
Italy American member of permanent committee,
David Lubin.
Commissioners-General to the Tokyo Exposition
Francis B. Loomis, Ohio; Frederick J. V. Skiff,
Illinois; Francis D. Millet. New York; secretary,
John Callan O'Laughlin, Washington, D. C.
Commissioner-General to International Exposition
of Art and History, Rome, 1911 Harrison S.
Morris, Pennsylvania.
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSIONS.
Commissioner-General to International Exposition
of Industry and Labor, Turin, Italy, 1911 Fran-
cis B. Loomis, Ohio.
International Fisheries Commission Commissioner
for the United States, David Starr Jordan, Cali-
fornia; for Great Britain, Edward E. Prince.
United States and Mexican Water Boundary No 2
Dupont circle, Washington, D. C. ; commissioner
on the part of the United States, Brig.-Gen. An-
son Mills; on the part of Mexico, Senpr Don
Fernando Beltran y Puga; secretary of the United
States commission, W. Keblinger; secretary of
the Mexican commission, Senor Don Manuel W.
Velarde.
St. John River Joint Commission For the United
States, George A. Murchie and Peter Keegan;
for Great Britain, Alexander P. Barnhill and
John King.
Chamizal Arbitration Commission Agent of United
States, William C. Dennis of Indiana; agent of
Mexico, Joaquin D. Cassasus of Mexico.
FAMOUS WATERFALLS OF THE WORLD.
Height
Name and location. In feet.
Gavarnie, France 1,385
Grand, Labrador 2,000
Minnehaha, Minnesota 50
Missouri, Montana 90
Mon t morenci , Quebec 265
Multnomah, Oregon 850
Murchison, Africa 12o
Niagara, New York-Ontario 164
Rjukan, Norway 780
Height
Name and location. in feet.
Schaffhausen," Switzerland.. 100
Skjaeggedalsf os, Norway 530
Shoshone, Idaho 210
Staubbach, Switzerland 1,000
Stirling, New Zealand BOO
Sutherland, New Zealand.. .1,904
Takkakaw. Brit'h Columbia. 1,200
Twin, Idaho 180
Yellowstone ( upper K Montana 110
Height
Name and location. in feet.
Yellowstone(lower) .Montana 310
Ygnassu, Brazil 210
Yosemite( upper). California 1,436
Yosemite( middle), California 626
Yosemite( lower), California. 400
Vettis. Norway 960
Victoria, Africa 400
Voringfos, Norway WO
HEIGHTS AND WEIGHTS OF ADTJLTS.
Height. Weight.
5 ft. 1 In 128 pounds
5 ft. 2 In 135 pounds
6 ft. S In 142 pounds
Height.
Weight.
.
5 ft. 4 In ...... 149 pounds
5 ft. 5 in
152 pounds
.
6 ft. 6 in ...... 155 pounds
Height.
5 ft. 7 in..
5 ft. 8 In..
Weight.
..158 pounds
..166 pounds
5 ft. 9 In 173 pounds
Height.
5 ft. 10 in..
5 ft. 11 in..
Weight.
..181 pound*
,186 pound*
6 ft. in 190 pound*
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
133
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From report of federal census bureau.]
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE STATISTICS BY STATES.
STATE OB TERRITORY.
MARRIAGES.
DIVORCES.
Number,
1887-1906.
Annual average
1898 to 1902.
Annual average
1888 to 1892.
Number
1887
to
1906.
Annual averaget
per 100.000 pop-
ulation.
Number
Per
10,000
Pop.
Number
Per
10,000
Pop.
1900.
1890
1880.
1870
372,525
310,767
189,539
1)8.877
136.984
25,374
50,244
114,486
401.268
23,330
801,717
493.890
67.412
300.350
275,062
359.783
243,881
80.592
195,875
488,367
424.U96
242,147
313500
20,227
10,902
MM
5,457
7,034
1.322
3,114
6,176
21,640
1,359
44,858
26,451
4,847
19.298
14,112
19,520
13.421
5,519
10,740
24.117
23,008
13.118
17,574
30,340
2,188
8.825
527
3,916
15,042
1,30?
63,082
17,142
2,454
37,979
3,326
3.499
Ill
129
64
101
77
72
112
117
98
84
93
105
124
86
96
91
97
79
90
86
95
75
113
98
90
83
124
95
80
67
87
91
77
91
83
85
7tt
87
15,727
13,217
7,167
4.261
6.216
983
1,512
4.314
16,5 1
705
38,421
22,453
736
16.474
12,795
15.399
10.150
5,726
7,916
21,031
18,726
10,275
11,778
25,700
1,294
8.337
238
3,720
15,740
1,018
49,584
13,074
1,339
32.984
347
2.801
39,059
3,214
lOt
117
59
103
83
58
66
110
90
80
100
102
41
86
90
83
91
87
76
94
89
78
91
96
91
78
50
99
109
64
83
81
70.
90
44
88
74
93
22.807
29,541
2.3.170
15,844
9,224
887
2.1625
7,586
10,401
3,205
82,209
60.721
0,751
34,874
28,904
30.641
9,785
14,194
7,920
22,940
42,371
15,046
19,993
54.766
6,454
16.711
1,045
8,617
7,441
2,437
29,125
7,047
4,317
63,982
7.609
10,145
39.686
6,953
69
130
103
158
50
16
58
79
26
120
100
142
113
93
109
84
41
117
40
47
104
55
74
103
167
82
111
112
23
73
23
24
88
91
129
134
33
47
54
90
84
197
66
18
34
57
24
93
75
104
33
67
84
58
29
88
24
32
72
41
48
71
139
71
97
100
18
46
17
12
47
64
46
108
21
32
27
53
84
138
61
10
31
53
14
58
68
70
10
24
52
60
84
7
30
23
10
67
51
69
Colorado
District of Columbia
Florida
Illinois...,
Indian Territory
60
44
35
10
78
12
30
72
27
30
40
125
43
106
85
13
12
16
6
46
48
49
51
28
6
61
12
25
47
21
12
29
73
29
99
53
9
'i
"37
579,807
36,302
170,820
7,073
77,764
335,8U9
25,025
I,205,0i5
313.725
44,022
727,408
45,415
67,475
New York
North Dakota
Ohio
92
13
30
1
80
8
25
890,533
72,836
48,088
3,726
54,782
390.9<JO
620,445
51,259
58,472
295,377
87,182
170,810
337,583
13,509
3.094
20,975
34,9(6
2,789
2,977
16,386
7,747
9.5b2
10,802
839
77
104
115
101
87
88
92
99
81
91.
2,128
17,432
23.834
2,127
2,807
12,818
2,975
6,692
10,009
426
si
99
107
101
84
77
83
88
95
68
7,108
30,447
62,655
4,670
4,740
12,129
16,219
10,308
22,867
1,772
95
89
131
92
75
38
184
64
65
118
65
62
8J
74
49
22
109
41
51
86
48
38
49
114
47
11
75
25
41
111
25
24
21
62
50
6
88
18
38
99
Tennessee
Utah
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wyoming
Total
12,832.044
915,625
*No record kept. tFor the five years of which the year stated is the median year.
MARRIAGE LAWS.
Marriage may be contracted without the consent
of parents by males who are 21 years of age or
more. This is the rule in about all the states
having laws on the subject. In Ariaona the age
is 18. For females the age is 21 in Connecticut,
Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania,
Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, West Vir-
ginia and Wyoming; 16 is the age in Arizona,
Maryland and Nebraska and 18 in the other states.
Marriages contracted before the age of consent
are illegal in nearly all the states.
Marriage licenses are required in all the states
and territories with the exception of New Mex-
ico, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ok-
lahoma and South Carolina.
Marriages between whites and negroes are pro-
hibited by law in Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas,
California. Colorado. Delaware, District of Co-
lumbia, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Ken-
tucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska,
Nevada. North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, South
Carolina. Tennessee. Texas, Utah, Virginia and
West Virginia. Michigan specifically declares
such marriages valid.
Marriages between first cousins are prohibited
in Arizona, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas,
Louisiana, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hamp-
shire, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon,
Pennsylvania, South Dakota and Wyoming. Step-
relatives are not permitted to intermarry except
in California, Colorado. Florida, Georgia, Idaho,
Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, North Caro-
lina. Oregon, Utah and Wisconsin.
MARRIAGE RATES.
For the year 1900 the marriage rate based on the
total population of continental United States and
including the total number of marriages reported
was 90 per 10,000 population. In 1890 the rate was
87 per 10,000 population. The rate in 1900 per 10,000
unmarried population 15 years of age and over was
312; In 1890 it was 304.
DIVORCE RATES.
The percentage of increase of divorces as com-
pared with the percentage of increase in popula-
tion is shown by the following figures:
Di- In- Popu- In-
Year. vorces. crease. lation. crease.
1900 55,751 66.6 75,994,575 20.7
1890 33,461 70.2 62,947,714 25.5
1880 19,663 79.4 50,155,783 30.1
134
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
CAUSES FOR DIVORCE.
Summary of the laws in effect in various states and territories.
d
c
i
|
NON-
<
wo
I
.
t*
o
o
0. .
a.
AGE.
1-
i, O^
a
STATE OR TERRITORY.
9
O
1
3 C
gs
Ii
0.0
BQ
it
|i
P
1
o
"3
f.
CO O*
III
o
8
Alabama ".
Ves..
2 yrs.
Yes....
2 yrs
Yes....
Yes....
17
14
Ito3y.
Yes-
Yes.
Arizona
Ves..
lyr-
Yes....
Felony-
Yes....
Yes....
1 yr..
18
it;
lyr..:.
Yes. .
Yes.
Arkansas
Yes..
lyr..
Yes.. .
Felony. .
Yes....
lyr....
17
14
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
California
Yes-
lyr-
Yes
Felony-
lyr....
iyr.:
18
15
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Colorado
Yes-
lyr..
Felony..
Yes!:::
lyr....
lyr-
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Connecticut
Yes-
3 yrs.
Yes.:::
Felony-
H&b']..
3 yrs...
Yes-
Yes.
Delaware
Yes. .
3 yrs.
Fraud.
Felony..
Yes.:::
Hab'l..
3 yrs.
'is'
ItJ
Actual
Yes..
Yes.
District of Columbia
Yes-
2 yrs.
No
Felony. .
Yes
No
16
14
3 yrs...
Yes*.
Yes.
Florida .
Yes-
lyr..
Yes....
Yes....
i'yr-
2 yrs...
Yes-
Yes.
Georgia
Yes-
3 yrs.
Ves'.:::
2 yrs
Yes....
Hab'l. .
'i-'
'ii'
lyr....
No...
Yes.
Idaho
Yes-
lyr..
Yes....
Felony. .
1 yr
iyr!.'
18
18
D mos..
Yes-
Yes.
Illinois
Yes..
2 yrs.
Yes....
Felony..
Yes'.:::
2 yrs...
18
Ifi
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Indiana '
Yes..
2 yrs.
Yes- . .
Feionyt
Yes....
Hab'l..
2yrs.
18
It!
2 yrs...
Yes-
Yes.
Iowa
Yes-
2 yrs.
Yes....
Felonyt.
Yes.. . .
Hab'l. .
16
14
lyr...
Yes..
Yes.
Kansas
Yes..
lyr..
Yes....
Felonyf.
Yes....
Hab'l..
Yes..
15
12
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
Kentucky
Yes..
lyr..
Yes....
Felony. .
Yes....
Yes....
lyr..
14
12
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Louisiana
Yes-
Yes..
Yes....
Felony. .
Yes. ..
Hab'l..
16
14
Yes. .
Yes.
Maine
Yes-
3 yrs.
Yes.. . .
Hab'l..
Yes-
iyr.:::
Yes-
Yes.
Maryland
3 yrs.
Yes.:.:
Yes....
2 yrs...
Yes..
Yes.
Massachusetts
3 yrs.
Fraud.
5 yrs
Yes....
Hab'l'.'.
Yes-
3to5y.
Yes..
Yes.
Michigan
2 yrs.
Yes....
3 yrs
Yes....
Hab'l..
Yes..
'is'
'it;'
Ito2y.
Yes..
Yes.
Mi nnesota
Yes-
1 yr..
Yes....
Yest
Yes....
lyr....
18
15
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Mississippi
Yes-
2 yrs.
Felony-
Yes....
Hab'l-
Ito2y.
Yes..
Yes.
Missouri
Yes..
lyr..
Yes.:::
Felony..
Yes
lyr....
'is'
12
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
Montana
Nebraska
Yes-
Yes .
lyr..
2 yrs.
Yes....
Yes....
Felony. .
3 yrs
Yes
Yes....
lyr....
Hab'l-
Yes-
18
18
it;
16
lyr....
timos..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes.
Yes.
Nevada
Yes..
1 yr..
Yes-..
Felony. .
Yes....
Hab'l..
1 yr-
18
16
6mos-
Yes-
Yes.
New Hampshire
Yes-
3 yrs.
Yes....
lyr......
Yes....
3 yrs...
3 yrs.
14
13
Actual
Yes..
Yes.
New Jersey.
Yes..
2 yrs.
Yes....
Yes
2to3y.
Yes..
Yes.
New Mexico
Yes..
lyr..
Yes....
Felony..
Yes....
Hab'l.'.
Yes.!
'is'
'is'
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
New York
Yes-
Force-
Yes....
18
18
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
North Carolina
Yes..
2 yrs.
Yes....
Feiony..
Yes....
Ifi
14
2 yrs. .
Yes..
Yes.
North Dakota
Yes..
1 yr- Yes
Felony..
iyr.'::
i'yr.,'
18
15
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Ohio
Yes..
3 yrs. Yes
Felony..
Yes..!.
3 vrs...
Yes-
18
16
lyr. ..
Yes..
Yes.
Oklahoma
Yes..
1 yr.. Yes....
Felony..
Yes....
Hab'l..
Yes..
18
15
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
Oregon
Yes..
1 yr- Yes
Felony-
Yes
1 yr....
18
15
lyr....
Yes .
Yes.
Pennsylvania .*. .
Yes..
2 yrs. Yes
2 yrs
Yes....
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Rhode Island
Yes-
5 yrs
Felony. .
Yes.. . .
Hab'lV.
Yes-
2 yrs...
Yes..
Yes.
South Carolina^
Yes
South Dakota
Tennessee
Yes..
Yes-
1 yr-lYes....
2 yrs. Yes
Felon v-
Felony-
Yes....
Yes....
lyr....
Hab'lt
lyr..
Yes-
18
15
lyr....
2 yrs...
Yes-
Yes..
Yes.
Yes.
Texas
Yes..
3 yrs. Fraud.
Felony-
Hab'l..
'it;'
'ii'
6mos-
Yes-
Yes.
Utah
Yes-
1 yr.. Yes
Felony-
Yes'.:::
Hab'l..
Yes. .
16
14
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Vermont
Yes..
3 yrs.
Yes....
3 yrs
Yes....
Yes..
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Virginia
3 yrs.
Yes....
Yes
Yes....
14
'l2'
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Washington
Yes-
lyr-
Yes- . .
Yes
Yes....
HaibiV.
Yes-
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
West Virginia.:
Yes.
3 yrs.
Yes....
Yes
Yes....
'is'
Iti
lyr....
Yes..
Yes.
Wisconsin
Yes..
1 yr-
Yes....
3 yrs
Yes....
iyr'.:::
Yes-
18
15
lyr....
Yes-
Yes.
Wyoming
Yes..
lyr..
Yes....
Yes
Yes....
Hab'l..
lyr-
18
16
lyr....
Yes-
Yea.
*Innocent party only. tSubsequent to marriage. JSouth Carolina has no divorce law, but marriages may
be annulied.
NOTE Consanguinity, infidelity and bigamy are causes for divorce in all states having divorce laws.
Permanent insanity is cause for divorce in Idaho, Utah and Washington under certain conditions.
CAUSES OF DIVORCES GRANTED, 1867-190G.
Granted Granted Granted Granted
wife. Cause. husband, wife.
173,047 Neglect to provide 6
211,219 Combination .of preceding causes.. 14,330
Cause. husband.
Cruelty 33,178
Desertion 156,283
Drunkenness 3,436
Infidelity 90,800
33,080
62,869
All other causes .................... 18,026
34,664
74,519
40,078
FISH FUKNITURE STORE FIRE.
Twelve lives were lost in a fire in the Fish Fur-
niture company's store, 1906-1908 Wabash avenue,
Chicago, March 25, 1910. The victims, of whom ten
were women and two men, were trapped on the
sixth floor and eleven were burned to death. One
young woman either jumped or fell, struck a can-
opy in front of the store and was fatally in-
jured, dying on the way to the hospital. The dis-
aster was cause-.l by the explosion of a can of gas-
oline, from which one of the employes was en-
gaged in filling a number of patent cigar lighters
on the fourth floor. There was a fire escape on the
rear of th^ building by which several employes
escaped, but there was none in front.
EARTHQUAKE IN SOUTHERN ITALY.
The southern part of Italy and 1 a part of Tuscany
and Venetia \n the north were shaken by an
earthquake about 3 o'clock on the morning of
June 7, 1910. Nearly 100 persons were killed anil
many others were severely injured, while the loss
to property was estimated at several million dol-
lars-. The largest number of casualties occurred
at Calitri, where forty persons ,^ere killed and
more than 100 injured. Half of the houses were
destroyed. Great damage was done throughout
the whole of the province of Avellino.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
135
STATISTICS OF CRIME IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From special reports by census bureau.]
June 30, 1904, there were In the United States
1,337 prisons of all kinds receiving persons sen-
tenced for crime. The total number of Inmates
on the same date was 81,772, or 100.6 per 100,000 of
estimated population. Distributed by sex, color,
nativity and race they were as follows for the
main geographical divisions:
DIVISION AND SEX.
Aggre-
gate.
WHITE.
COLORED.
Total.
Na-
tive.
For-
eign
born.
Un-
known
Total.
Negro.
Mon-
golian.
Indian
North Atlantic Males
24,882
2,507
22,193
2,156
15.170
1,193
6,994
960
29
3
2,689
351
2,661
349
15
13
2
Females
27,389
10.535
15
24,349
2,758
101
16,363
2,387.
86
7,954
163
10
32
208
5
3,040
7,777
514
3,010
7,767
514
15
1
15
9
South Atlantic Males
Females
Total.
11,150
20,361
639
2,859
16.295
398
16,693
4,297
42
2,473
13,562
309
13,871
3,839
41
3,880
5,046
97
173
2,556
89
213
177
8,291
4,066
241
8,281
3.832
236
1
3
9
231
5
Females
Total
21,000
14,055
559
2,645
453
1
177
5
4,307
9,758
517
4,068
9,752
517
10,269
414
45
3
236
6
South Central Males
Females
Total
14,614
7,436
183
4,839
6,737
134
454
1,682
37
5
9
10,275
699
49
6
115
3
Western Males
170
1
Females
Total
7,619
77,269
4,503
6,871
52.280
2,831
5,143
40,004
1,726
1,719
11,848
1,097
9
428
8
748
24,089
1,672
459
24,426
1,661
171
189
1
118
374
10
Continental United States Males
Females
Total
81,772
55.111
41,730
12,945
436
26,661
26,087
190
38
PRISONERS BY STATES AND TERRITORIES.
State or territory.
Maine 496
New Hampshire 416
Vermont 274
Massachusetts 6,684
Rhode Island 604
Connecticut .'... 1,125
New York 9.862
New Jersey 2,720
Pennsylvania 6,208
North Atlantic division 27.389
Delaware 160
Maryland 1.867
District of Columbia 46
Virginia 1,895
West Virginia 1,139
North Carolina 1,185
South Carolina 1,045
Georgia 2,679
Florida 1,234
No. Per 100.000 pop.
South Atlantic division 11.150
Ohio 3,363
Indiana 2,138
Illinois 3,180
Michigan 1,995
Wisconsin 1,366
Minnesota 1,067
Iowa 1,255
Missouri 2,793
North Dakota 203
South Dakota 245
Nebraska 519
Kansas 2,876
North central division 21,000
Kentucky 2,221
Tennessee 1,997
Alabama 2,068
Mississippi 1,238
Louisiana 1,680
Texas 4,504
Oklahoma 22
Arkansas 884
South central division 14,614
Montana 571
Wyoming 230
Colorado 1,022
70.0
97.7
78.7
187.2
130.6
115.4
126.7
131.9
92.3
121.6
83.6
149.7
15.4
97.9
109.6
59.1
73.7
108.8
211.1
100.5
77.2
80.7
60.8
78.8
61.5
55.2
63.1
85.1
54.6
57.9
48.6
193.3
75.2
98.1
94.0
105 6
74.7
112. S
133.2
4.2
63.8
95.7
200.8
219.5
172.8
State or territory. NO. Peri
New Mexico 265
Arizona 318
Utah 223
Nevada 129
Idaho 196
Washington 911
Oregon 399
California 3,355
Western division 7.619
Continental United States 81.772
CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMES.
Against society
Against the person
Against property
Double crimes
Unclassified
Offense not stated
CONVICTED OF HOMICIDE.
Maine 44
New Hampshire 23
Vermont 15
Massachusetts 120
Rhode Island 24
Connecticut 74
New York 472
New Jersey 121
Pennsylvania 374
North Atlantic division 1,267
Delaware 16
Maryland 124
Virginia 261
West Virginia 263
North Carolina 263
South Carolina 340
Georgia 793
Florida 304
South Atlantic division 2.364
Ohio 300
Indiana 178
Illinois 463
Michigan 173
Wisconsin 137
Minnesota 101
Iowa lie
Missouri 333
North Dakota 33
136
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
State or territory. No. Pwioo.ooopop.
South Dakota 28 6.6
Nebraska 49 4.6
Kansas 441 29.6
8.4
24.7
17.7
32.1
26 8
36.3
29.4
14.4
~24.5
34.8
39.1
23.2
42.0
59.1
6.3
49.6
16.7
14.0
9.9
25.3
Western division 1,048 23.3
Continental United States 10.774 13.S
PRISONERS ACCORDING TO SENTENCE.
North central division 2.852
Kentucky 560
Tennessee 376
Alabama 628
Mississippi 444
Louisiana 540
Texas 995
Arkansas '
South central division 3,743
Montana 5 9
Wyoming 41
Colorado 137
New Mexico
Arizona
ttah 18
Nevada
Idaho
Washington 82
Oregon 45
California 404
Death 133
Imprisonment Life 5,026
Indeterminate ...12,352
21 years and over 1,591
20 years 1,405
15 to 19 years 2,152
10 to 14 years 5,192
9 years 374
8 years 1,190
7 years 1,777
6 years 1,464
4 years 2,879
3 years 5,457
2^ years 902
2 years 6.313
\Vi years 1,284
1 year 6,?5 - J
At least 1 year. 43, 679
Under 1 year 20,OS3
Period not stated 499
.All sentences 81,772
years 6,446
PRISONERS COMMITTED IN 1904.
During 1904 a total of 149,691 prisoners were com-
mitted in the United States on term sentences.
Assuming that those enumerated on June 30. 1904 -
namely. 81.772 represent the average number in
prisons on any given date, it will be seen that
the prison population on a fixed date constitutes
about 54.6 per cent of the number committed on
term sentences during a year.
Of the prisoners committed in 1904 244 were for
homicide, 1.484 for robbery and 7,161 for burglary.
The distribution by color, sex. race and nativity
was as follows:
Total.
White Native 86.833
Native parentage 51,930
Foreign parentage 24.448
Mixed parentage 5.667
Parentage unknown 4,788
Foreign born 35,093
Nativity unknown 3,167
Male. Female
80,967 5,866
3.365
1,817
455
220
48.565
22,631
5,212
4.559
30,613
3,090
4,480
77
Total white 125,093 114.670 10,423
Colored Negro 23,698
Mongolian 186
Indian 714
20,865
183
647
2,833
Total colored 24,598 21,695 2,903
Aggregate 149,691 136,365 13,326
LITERACY.
Of the prisoners committed In 1904 83 per cent
were literate and 12.6 per cent illiterate; 1.1 per
cent could read but not write and 18.0 per cent
could neither read nor write.
Country. Pet
Mexico 1.4
Norway 1.4
Poland 3.0
Russia 3.5
Scotland 3.5
Sweden 2.9
Switzerland 0.5
Other countries 4.2
FOREIGN-BORN PRISONERS.
Country. Pet
Austria 2.9
Canada 101
Denmark 0.6
England and Wales. 9.2
France 1.0
Germany 12.3
Hungary 1.2
Ireland 36.2
Italy 6.1
AGES OF PRISONERS COMMITTED IN 1904.
Total. Male. Female
10 to 14 years 695
15 to 19 years. 13,886
20 to 24 years 86,983
25 to 29 years 23,278
30 to 34 years 19.173
35 to 39 years 17,460
40 to 44 years 14.260
45 to 49 years 10,415
50 to 59 years 12.306
60 to 69 years 5.069
70 years and over 1.072
642
12,909
24,647
21,153
17,245
15.683
12.850
9.471
11,335
4,614
943
53
977
2,336
2,125
1,928
1,777
1,410
944
971
455
129
All known ages 144.597 131,492 13,105
MARITAL CONDITION.
Of the prisoners committed In 1904 63.9 per cent
were single. 26.1 married, 4.1 widowed, 0.5 di-
vorced and 5.3 unknown. Of the male prisoners
66.3 per cent were single and 24.2 per cent married,
while of the female prisoners 39.1 per cent were
single and 46.2 per cent married.
OCCUPATION.
Occupations. Pet.
Professional 0.9
Clerical and official ., 2.1
Mercantile and trading 36
Public entertainment O.T
Personal service, police and military 1.8
Laboring and servant 50.1
Manufacturing and mechanical industry 23.7
Agriculture, transportation and other outdoor.. .17.2
All other occupations 0.9
JUVENILE DELINQUENTS ENUMERATED
JUNE 30. 1904.
Total. Male. Female
White Native 17.989 14.130 3.859
Foreign born 1.874 1,562 312
Nativity unknown 936
Total white 19,872 15,695 4,177
Colored Negro 3,112 2,433 679
Mongolian 2 2
Indian 48 47 1
Total colored 3.162 2,482 680
Aggregate 23,034 18,177 4,857
JUVENILE DELINQUENTS COMMITTED DTJBING 1904.
Total. Male. Female
White Native 9,061 7,776
Native parentage 4,440 3.812
Foreign parentage 2.947 2,659
Mixed parentage 1,145 969
Parentage unknown 529 336
Foreign born 1,116 1,020
Nativity unknown 61 39
1,285
628
176
193
Total white 10,238 8,835
Colored Negro 1,550 1,294
Mongolian 2 2
Indian 24 23
Total colored 1.576 1,319
DEATH PENALTY IN THE UNITED STATES.
Capital punishment prevails in all of the states
and territories of the union except Michigan. Wis-
consin. Rhode Island, Kansas and Maine. It was
abolished in Iowa in 1872 and restored in 1878. It
was also abolished in Colorado, but was restored in
1901. In New York and Ohio execution is by elec-
tricity.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1911.
137
STATE PRISONS IN THE UNITED STATES.
Alabama Wetumnka.
Alaska Sitka (U. S. jail).
Arizona Florence.
Arkansas Little Rock.
California Folsora.
San Quentin.
Colorado Canon City.
Connecticut Weathersfleld.
Delaware Wilmington (work-
house).
District of Columbia U. S. Jail.
Florida Tallahassee (commis-
sion).
Goorgia Atlanta (commission).
Illinois Joliet, Chester.
Idaho Boise.
Indiana Michigan City.
Indianapolis (women.)
Icwa Fort Madison, Anamosa.
Kansas Lansing.
Kentucky Frankfort.
Eddyvllle (branch).
Louisiana Baton Rouge.
Maine Thoroaston.
Maryland-Baltimore.
Massachusetts Charlestown.
Bridgewater.
South Frumingham (women).
Michigan Jackson.
Marquette (branch).
M innesota Stillwater.
Mississippi Jackson (commis-
sion).
Missouri Jefferson City.
Montana Deer Lodge.
Nebraska Lincoln.
Nevada Carson Oity.
New Hampshire Concord.
New Mexico Santa Fe.
New Jersey Trenton.
New York Auburn.
Dannemora (Clinton).
Sing Sing (Ossining).
North Carolina Raleigh.
North Dakota Bismarck.
Ohio Columbus.
O klahoma Me Alester.
Oregon Salem.
Pennsylvania Philadelphia.
Rhode Island Howard.
South Carolina Columbia.
South Dakota Sioux Falls.
Tennessee Nashville.
Petros (branch).
Texas Huntsville.
Rusk.
Utah Salt Lake City.
Veimont Windsor.
Virginia Richmond.
Washington Walla Walla.
West Virginia Moundsville.
Wisconsin Waiipun.
Wyoming Rawllns.
UNITED STATES PRISONS.
Atlanta. Ga. Penitentiary.
Fort Leavenworth, Kas. Peni-
tentiary.
McNeil's Island, vVash. Peniten-
tiary.
Marc: Island, Cal. Naval prison.
Boston, Mass. Naval prison.
Portsmouth, N. H. Naval prison.
Allegheny (Pittsburg).
THE AMERICAN PRISON ASSOCIATION.
President T. B. Patton, Huntingdon, Pa. I Treasurer Frederick H. Mills, 97 Warren street.
New York. N. Y.
President T. B. Patton, Huntingdon, fa.
General secretary Joseph P. Byers, box 15, station
L, New York, N. Y.
BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES (1904).
8TATB OR
TERRITORY.
Ii
Hospitals.!
Perman't I
homes.
Tempor'y 1
homes. |
For deaf
and blind)
Nurseries
Dispensa-
ries.
STATE OK
TERRITORY.
Orphan- 1
ages.
Hospitals. 1
Perman't 1
homes. |
Tempor'y 1
homes. |
For deaf
and blind]
Nurseries
Dispensa- 1
ries. Ii
8
9
If
4
1
1
3
Nebraska
Nevada
7
17
i
4
2
1
A b TtflflH
5
47
10
a
i
12
7
22
5T
32
21
3
H
IT
17
t;
S
27
3
23
6
12
6
10
1
2
H
8
9
1
n
i
2
3
1
4
New Hampshire
U
ft
t
19
48
11
13
32
3
17
i
8
1
10
2
3
New Jersey
2
13
4
New Mexico
New York
147
16
2
105
3
5
94
12
9
2
18
n
3
5
27
9
7
15
194
21
8
74
1
a
145
9
8
8
13
31
7
9
19
28
20
43
5
14U3
118
4
1
41
82
4
2
27
1
16
2
5
1
62
1
40
1
North Carolina
District of Columbia
2
1
2
i
i
2
3
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
8
7
Oregon
81
8
5
1
8
12
'"f
21
4
2
n
i
753
4
45
6
2
2
8
1
?
"is
8
15
i
Illinois
03
3
H
12
14
26
25
10
38
52
H
Ki
6
:il
1
105
2
31
41
23
29
10
12
32
93
511
44
1
M
1C,
42
1
19
II
14
H
14
19
73
20
10
1
2--'
2
22
5
1
14
Rhod e I sland
8
10
4
11
4
a
n
47
a
8
2
]4
2
2
2
2
2
S
1
4
7
3
2
2
6
2
2
6
2
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
6
12
1
a
5
2
9
2
3
1
1
i
1
"*i
20
'"
Utah
"16
13
6
3
Vermont
Virginia
1
1
1
8
1
9
\} ' pVm*tf s" " *
West Virginia
1
Wisconsin
\f '^ -icfsfnni
Wyoming
Mi ssourf
Montana
5
8
Total
1075
^4T)
Tl5
~166
166
The cost of maintenance by classes of all in-
stitutions included in the above table was in
1903: Orphanages. $10,050,587; hospitals, $28,-
200.869; permanent homes. $9,916,180; temporary
homes, $3.039.035: Institutions for deaf and blind,
$3.523.683; nurseries. $327,659: dispensaries, $519,-
620: total, $55,577,633.
PORK-PACKING STATISTICS.
Season from Nov. 1 to March 1.
CITY.
1908-09
1907-08
1906-07
1905-06
1904-05
1903-04
1902-03
1901-02
1900-01
1899-00
No. hogs
2.640.765
245.323
703.235
1,520.481
96,600
583.338
700.772
884.937
No. hogs
2.570,475
297.472
747.074
1.3K5.221
83.647
684.060
742.734
706.029
No. hogs
2,403.739
226.988
540.486
1.135.931
69.381
453.4(3
687.274
656.636
No. hogs
2.592,866
255,167
600.423
1.202.736
154.767
467.407
800.470
680.132
No. hogs
2.812.588
268.269
516.230
1.231.408
184.446
394.425
738.131
761.982
No. hogs
2.925.960
247.947
479.380
861.674
126.251
423.024
746.596
627.550
No. hogs
2.952.193
220.617
359.454
743.85
143.815
295.407
777.941
503.823
No. hogs
3.433.905
232.882
476.568
1.271. S6
150.000
32^.169
938.787
642.080
No. hogs
2.r70 095
244.932
434.250
1.178.320
143.982
396.298
786.156
667.000
No. hogs
2.869.580
270.460
410.709
959.aS4
132.279
339.016
729.073
613.653
Cincinnati
Indianapolis
Kansas City
Milwaukee
St. Louis
Includes Cudahy.
138
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
Deaths per 1,000 of population in the registration
areas of the United States:
Annual av.
1901 to 1905.1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908.
Registration area 16.3 16.6 16.2 16.1 16.5 15.4
Registration cities 17.2 17.5 16.9 17.2 17.6 16.2
Registration states.. ..15.9 16.4 15.9 16.1 16.4 15.3
Cities in registration
states 17.4 17.9 17.2 17.8 18.0 16.5
Rural part of registra-
tion states 11.1 14.4 14.3 14.1 14.5 14.0
Registration cities in
other states 16.S 17.1 16.6 15.9 16.6 15.5
The registration area includes seventeen states
and the District of Columbia, containing 51.8 per
cent of the total estimated population of conti-
nental United States. The total number of deaths
reported in this area in 1908 was 691,674. The esti-
mated population ofl the area was 45,028,767 and the
death rate was consequently 15.4 per 1,000 of popu-
lation.
PROPORTIONAL DEATHS BY SEXES AND
AGES.
Per 1,000 deaths.
Annu-il av.
1901 to 1905. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908.
Male 536.2 537.3 536.9 544.4 547.3 643.0
Female 463.8 462.7 463.1 455.6 452.7 457.0
Under 1 year 189.3 186.6 193.5 202.3 190.8 197.3
1 year 42.2 40.4 40.3 43.9 40.1 40.2
2 years 18.9 17.7 17.7 18.5 17.5 18.0
3 years 12.0 11.5 10.0 11.3 11.1 11.2
4 years 8.9 8.5 7.9 8.2 7.9 7.9
Under 5 271.3 264.6 270.2 284.1 267.5 274.5
5 to 9 25.8 25.0 23.5 23.3 22.3 22.9
10 to 14 16.4 17.0 16.2 15.9 15.3 15.3
15 to 19 27.4 28.1 27.4 27.2 26.7 26.2
20 to 24 42.0 42.1 41.4 40.7 40.6 39.2
25 to 29 46.1 46.0 44.8 43.5 42.8 41.4
30 to 34 45.6 45.8 44.9 43.3 43.9 42.0
35 to 39... .. 47.8 48.0 48.2 46.8 47.8 45.1
40 to 44 46.7 46.8 46.1 44.2 45.5 44.2
45 to 49 45.4 46.2 47.6 46.7 47.5 47.3
50 to 54 48.5 49.3 48.9 47.4 48.9 49.3
49.6 49.6 48.6 50.0 50.2
57.0 56.9 54.9 57.2 57.0
57.5 58.7 57.8 60.4 60.0
58.4 57.5 57.2 60.1 59.7
50.2 51.2 50.9 53.0 54.1
37.1
19.3
6.9
2.0
3.2
UNITED STATES MOSTALITY STATISTICS.
[From census bureau report, 1910.]
55 to 59 49.2
60 to 64 55.7
65 to 69 57.4
7C to 74 56.9
75 to 79 49.9
80 to 84 36.7
85 to 89 18.8
90 to 94 6.6
95 and over 2.1
Unknown 3.4
36.5
19.9
6.6
2.1
1.9
36.5
19.9
6.4
2.1
2.7
39.0
20.9
6.8
2.0
1.8
39.4
21.4
7.1
2.2
1.3
CHIEF CAUSES OF DEATH IN THE UNITED
STATES.
Per 100,000 of population.
Annual av.
Diseases. 1901 to 1905. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908.
Diabetes 11.6 12.9 13.0 12.0 13.9 13.9
Old a"e 41.2 39.0 36.4 34.3 32.7 30.7
Bronchitis 37.0 36.0 33.5 30.3 30.9 26.9
Convulsions 22.6 20.5 19.8 18.1 16.9 14.3
Paralysis 20.2 19.4 17.7 16.9 19.5 16.8
Peritonitis 10.9 10.1 9.2 8.2 7.5 6.6
Tuberculosis 169.9 177.3 168.2 159.4 158.9 149.6
Pneumonia 126.2 135.7 115.7 110.8 120.8 98.8
Heart disease 124.9 134.2 132.5 130.7 141.7 133.3
Diarrhea, enteritis... 109.8 111.3 116.7 122.9 116.7 116.0
Brisrht's disease 97.5103.8104.3 99.8105.5 97.3
Apoplexy 70.0 71.9 72.2 71.8 75.4 72.1
Cancer 68.3 70.6 72.1 70.8 73.1 74.3
Broncho-pneumonia .. 33.1 36.9 34.4 38.2 40.4 37.2
Tvphoid fever 32.2 31.9 28.1 32.1 30.3 25.3
Meningitis 31.9 31.8 34.5 25.6 26.6 19.8
Premature birth 30.9 34.3 32.9 34.8 36.5 36.5
Diphtheria croup.... 29.7 28.5 23.8 26.3 24.3 22.3
Congenital debility... 23.3 20.7 31.5 34.2 33.8 32.1
Influenza 20.0 20.3 19.0 10.5 24.1 22.2
Cirrhosis of liver.... 14.4 15.1 14.8 14.8 15.8 14.9
Lack of care 12.4 14.5 3.0 0.9 0.3 0.3
Gastritis 11.4 11.2 10.6 10.4 9.8 9.2
Endocarditis 11.3 11.7 12.6 12.9 14.3 13.3
Scarlet fever 11.1 10.9 6.8 7.9 10.3 12.4
Appendicitis 11.0 11.9 12.0 11.4 11.2 11.7
Whooping cough 11.0 6.6 10.7 15.4 11.6 11.0
DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE IN THE UNITED
STATES.
Per 100,000 population in registration area.
Annual av.
Cause. 1901 to 1905. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908.
Suicide 14.0 14.8 16.1 14.3 16.2 18.5
Fractures
8.4
Dislocations 0.2
Bums and scalds 8.3
Heat, sunstroke 3.7
Cold, freezing 0.6
Lightning 0.3
Drowning
8.7
0.1
8.3
0.7
0.7
0.2
7.4
0.1
8.4
2.6
0.7
0.2
7.5
0.1
8.7
1.9
0.5
0.4
4.6
0.1
9.4
1.4
0.7
0.3
8.2
t
1.8
0.5
0.4
10.3 10.2 10.0 10.7 10.3 10.4
Gas poisoning 4.3 6.5 3.9 3.1 4.0 3.7
Other poisoning 4.3 4.9 3.8 4.2 4.1 3.7
Gunshot accidents.... 3.4 3.9 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.2
Injuries by machinery 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.4 2.6 2.0
Injuries in mines 1.0 1.0 1.5 3.7 5.1 4.3
Railroad accidents.... 15.3 15.3 17.0 17.3 18.4 13.5
Street-cat' accidents.. * *
Injuries by vehicles. . 2.6 2.9
Automobile accidents t t
Suffocation 1.6 1.7
Injuries at birth 5.0 5.7
Homicide 2.9 2.8
Other ext'nal violence 5.1 4.7
Starvation, privation. 0.1 0.1
All violence ... 107.3 110.6 111.9 120.9 125.8 116.4
Included In railroad accidents. fNot reported
separately. JLess than one-tenth.
3.5
1.6
6.4
4.6
3.8
0.1
3.6
3.7
0.4
1.8
6.2
5.1
3.7
0.1
4.5
4.3
0.7
1.7
6.7
6.5
2.5
0.1
3.8
4.3
0.9
1.6
6.9
6.7
1.9
0.1
Indianapolis
Jersey City
Kansas City..
Louisville
DEATH RATE IN AMERICAN CITIES.
Per 1,000 of population.
Annual av.
1901 to 1905. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908.
Boston 18.8 18.3 18.3 18.5 18.9 19.2 19.1
Buffalo 15.5 16.0 16.0 15.6 16.6 17.1 15.9
Chicago 14.3 15.3 13.8 13.8 14.2 15.3 14.0
Cincinnati 19.3 18.8 20.8 19.2 20.8 18.5 18.5
Cleveland 15.5 16.6 15.4 14.7 16.0 16.2 14.?
Denver 19.3 18.4 19.6 19.2 21.1 23.5 23.6
Detroit 15.2 15.8 14.9 14.4 17.0 16.5 15.6
Fall River 20.3 22.2 19.6 19.9 19.7 22.5 22.1
.15.2 15.8 16.3 14.1 14.6 15.2 13.5
.19.3 18.7 20.8 19.0 19.5 19.5 17.8
.17.2 17.4 19.7 16.9 15.3 18.0 16.8
.18.6 18.6 19.8 18.1 18.2 18.1 16.0
Memphis 18.3 17.8 19.5 17.9 17.6 19.0 17.5
Milwaukee 13.2 13.5 13.6 13.0 14.5 14.4 13.6
Minneapolis 10.2 10.4 9.6 9.4 10.3 10.4 10.3
New Haven 17.5 17.0 17.2 18.7 19.1 18.6 16.9
New Orleans 22.6 22.3 22.3 23.7 21.7 24.0 22.7
New York 19.0 18.0 20.1 18.4 18.6 18.7 16.S
Omaha 11.1 9.7 11.5 10.8 11.4 12.4 12.1
Philadelphia 18.2 18.8 18.8 17.7 19.3 18.7 17.4
Plttsburg 20.7 21.7 19.8 20.0 19.9 19.2 16.5
Providence 18.8 20.6 18.5 17.5 18.7 19.3 16.8
St. Louis 17.8 18.2 18.8 16.9 15.6 15.7 14.5
St. Paul 10.0 9.7 10.0 10.0 10.3 10.6 10.1
San Francisco 21.3 20.8 20.1
Scranton 16.3 14.9 17.9 18.2 16.5 15.9 16.5
Seattle 12.1 12.6 11.5
Svracuse 14.5 14.3 15.2 15.5 15.5 15.9 16.5
Toledo 14.1 14.7 13.7 13.7 14.7 14.7 14.0
Washington 20.6 20.3 20.8 20.5 20.5 20.3 19.3
DEATH RATES IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES.
Number of deaths from all causes per 1,000 of
population.
Annual av.
1901 to 1905. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907
11.4 11.8 10.8 10.5 10.6 10.9
24.1 23.8 23.7 25.0 t t
Belgium 17.1 17.0 16.9 16.5 16.4
Bulgaria 22.9 22.9 21.4 22.0 22.5
Cevlon 26.7 25.9 24.9 27.7 34.3
Chile 30.0 26.9 28.8 32.3 t
Denmark 14.8 14.7 14.1 15.0 13.5 14.2
Finland 18.6 17.9 17.7 18.4 17.5 t
France 19.6 19.2 19.4 19.6 19.9 20.6
flermanv . 19.9 20.0 19.6 19.8' 18.2 t
Prussia' 19-6 19.7 19.2 19.6 17.9 17.8
Hur.garv 26.2 26.1 24.8 27.8 24.8 25.2
Italy ..' 21.8 22.2 20.9 21.9 20.8 20.S
Jamaica 22.6 24.6 24.7 21.9 26.2 28.4
Japan 20.4 20.0*21.2*21.9 t t
Netherlands 16.0 15.6 15.9 15.3 14.8 14.6
Norway 14.5 14.8 14.3 14.8 13.6*14.2
Country.
Australasia
Austria
t
t
30.1
t
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
139
Annual av.
Country. 1901 to 1905. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907.
Roumania 2i.5 24.8 24.4 25.0 23.9 26.3
Servia 22.4 23.5 21.1 24.4 24.1 t
Spain 26.1 25.0 *25.8 *25.9 *26.2 *24.0
Sweden 15.5 15.1 15.3 *15.6 *14.4 *14.6
Switzerland 17.7 17.6 17.8 17.9 17.0 T
United kingdom 16.3 15.8 16.5 15.5 15.6*15.4
Annual nv.
Country. 1901 to 1905. 1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907.
England and Wales. 16.0 15.4 16.2 15.2 14.4 15.0
Scotland 16.9 16.6 16.9 15.9*16.0*16.2
Ireland 17.6 17.5 18.1 17.1 17.0 17.7
United States 16.3 16.1 16.6 16.2 16.1 16.5
Based on provisional figures. fNo figures avail-
able.
DEATHS FROM TUBERCULOSIS.
"Tuberculosis is easily the first in Importance
among all the causes of death and far exceeds in
its mortality any other of the infectious diseases
with whose prevention and restriction public health
services are concerned." (Extract from United
States census report, 1909).
NUMBER OF DEATHS.*
Annual average.
Form of disease. 1901 to 1905.
Tuberculosis of lungs f.5,251
Tuberculous meningitis 2. 90S
Abdominal tuberculosis 1,946
Other forms of tuberculosis 2,733
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
53,910
58.763
56,770
65,341
66,374
67,376
2.905
3.025
3,264
3,938
4,062
4.218
1,854
2.098
2,193
2.663
2,629
2,723
2,818
2,911
3,125
3,570
3,585
3,97k
Tuberculosis (all forms) 62,835 61,487 66,797 65,352 75,512 76,650 78,289
193.2 189.0 201.6 193.6
DEATHS BY STATES AND CITIES.
tuberculosis, ac-
ts shown in the
following table
tiont
NUMBER PER 100,000 OP POPULATION.*
Tuberculosis of lungs 169.9 165.7 177.3 168.2
Tuberculous meningitis 8.9 8.9 9.1 9.7
Abdominal tuberculosis 6.G 5.7 6.3 6.5
Other forms of tuberculosis 8.3 8.7 8.7 9.3
Tuberculosis (all forms)
*In registration area.
The mortality from all forms of
cording to the returns for 1908,
Registration area 173.9
Registration cities 197.4
Registration states 169.2
Cities in registration states. 198. 3
Rural part registr'n states.. 136.6
Registr'n cities, other states. 195. 5
Registration states:
California 271.2
Colorado .300.7
Connecticut 156.7
Indiana 162.8
Maine 154.5
Maryland 197.2
Massachusetts 172.2
Michigan 102.5
New Hampshire 129.7
New Jersey 187.0
159.4 158.9 149.6
9.6 9.7 9.4
6.5 6.3 6.0
8.8 8.7 8.9
184.2 183.6 173.9
New York 194.7
Pennsylvania 143.1
Rhode Island 206.5
South Dakota 102.0
Vermont 132.7
Washington 167.3
Wisconsin 107.9
Registration cities (largest):
Baltimore 249.9
Boston 219.1
Chicago 180.7
Cincinnati 284.8
Cleveland 142.4
Denver 511.8
Detroit 122.5
Indianapolis 222.6
Jersey City 241.1
of deaths per 100,000 of popula-
Kansas City 172.9
Louisville 205.5
Milwaukee 133.9
Minneapolis 121.7
New Orleans 298.3
New York 234.4
Omaha 108.9
Philadelphia 234.1
Pittsburg 139.2
St. Louis 188.3
St. Paul 111.8
San Francisco *
Scranton 100.8
Toledo 155.9
Washington . ' 264.0
Population not estimated
BIRTH RATE IN THE UNITED STATES.
Per 1,000 population with average annual excess of births over deaths per 1,000 mean population,
1890-1900. From census report.
Birth Ex- Birth
rate cess of rate
State. 1890. births. 1900.
Connecticut 21.3 9.3 24.0
Birth Ex- Birth
rate cess of rate
State. ' 1890. births. 1900.
Ohio 24.2 12.4 23.1
Pennsylvania 25.8 14.9 26.9
South Dakota 31.8 24.3 30.8
Wisconsin 27.1 22.8 27.4
Birth Ex- Birth
rate cess of rate
State. 1890. births. 1900.
Tennessee 30.8 15.2 30.7
Texas 31.6 30.1 32.9
Virginia 27.2 7.0 30.3
West Virginia 30.7 28.4 32.3
Southern dlv 30.1 19.8 31.5
Arizona 17.2 12.3 26.9
California 19.6 15.3 18.3
Colorado 26.6 20.4 23.9
Maine 17.6 2.1 21.1
Massachusetts ....21.5 12.5 24.0
New Hampshire... 18.0 0.7 21.3
New York 23.3 13.6 24.2
N'th'n-Cent. div.26.8 18.4 25.9
Alabama 30.6 23.7 32.1
Arkansas 34.3 25.5 32.4
Delaware 2K.O 10.6 24.7
Rhode Island 22.3 11.4 24.3
Vermont 18.3 *1.5 21.3
Northeast'n div.21.1 17.7 23.8
Illinois 27.8 20.8 25.5
Indiana 25.4 14.6 24.9
Iowa 26.3 23.0 25.8
Kansas 28.5 20.4 25.8
Dist. Columbia..
Florida
Georgia
Kentucky
.23.3 11.0 20.3
28.7 22.3 30.9
..30.6 20.7 32.1
..29.6 16.8 30.6
Montana 21.8 20.7 24.4
Nevada 15.5 16.3 18.9
New Mexico 33.0 14.7 33.6
Michigan 24.9 18.9 24.3
Minnesota 30.2 26.2 28.7
Missouri 29.0 19.9 26.0
Louisiana
Maryland
Mississippi
..29.8 22.3 30.5
..26.0 12.9 26.3
..30.3 23.6 31.2
Utah 81.2 31.8 35.2
Washington 23.8 20.8 22.0
Wyoming 21.7 21.1 24.2
New Jersev 25.3 15.1 25.8
North Carolina..
Oklnhnmu .
..30.1 16.0 33.7
.22.1 23.3 33.7
Western div 22^9 liT? 22^8
United Statesf..26.9 17.7 27.2
rative purposes. The true annual
1e whole of the United States, as
atural increase of population be-
)00, is within 2 per cent either way
of mean population.
North Dakota 36.5 27.3 33.6 South Carolina..
Decrease, tlncluslve of Indian Territory, not
separately stated.
NOTE Owing to imperfect data the above figures
are only approximately correct, but being based on
the same method of enumeration they are of some
.31.3 15.7 34.3
value for compa
birth rate for t
shown by the n
tween 1890 and 1
of 35.1 per 1,000
140
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
DEATH RATE IN 1909.
Per 1,000.
United States 15.0
Baltimore 18.7
Boston 16.8
Buffalo 15.2
Chicago 14.6
Cincinnati 16.4
Cleveland 12.8
Columbus 13.4
Denver 17.0
Detroit 14.0
Fall River 19.1
Indianapolis 14.3
Jersey City 16.8
Kansas City 14.4
Milwaukee 13.6
Newark 16.5
New Haven 16.9
New Orleans 20.2
New York 16.0
Bronx borough 15.9
Brooklyn borough.. 15. 4
Manhattan borough. 16.6
Queen's borough 14.2
Richmond borough. .18.1
Paterson 15.3
Philadelphia 16.4
Pittsburg 15.8
Providence 16.1
Rochester 14.4
St. Louis 15.8
St. Paul 11.4
Scranton 16.3
St. Joseph 13.7
Syracuse 14.5
Toledo 14.6
Worcester 15.5
Country.
England and
Scotland
Ireland
Denmark . . .
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Austria
BIRTH RATE IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES.
Per 1,000 of population. By ten-year periods.
1881-1890. 1891-1900.
Wales.. 32.5 29.9
32.5 30.2
, 23.4 23.0
...32.0 30.2
30.8 30.3
29.0 27.2
34.9 32.2
37.9 37.1
Country.
1881-1890. 1891-1900.
Hungary 44.0 40.6
Switzerland 28.1 28.1
Germany 36.8 36.1
Prussia 37.4 36.7
Bavaria 36.8 36.5
Saxony 41.8 39.5
Netherlands 34.2 32.5
Country.
1881-1890. 1891-1900.
Belgium 30.2 29.0
France 23.9 22.2
Portugal 33.0 30.6
Spain 36.4 35.3
Italy 37.8 34.9
Servla 45.0 41.7
Roumania 41.4 40.7
BY DIVISIONS OF TIME.
Assuming that the population of the United
States is 87,000,000 and the death rate 16 per 1,000,
the total number of deaths in a year Is 1,392,000.
This is at the rate of 3.814 per day, 159 per hour
and 2.6 per minute. With a birth rate of 34 per
1,000, the total number of births In a year In the
United States will approximate 2,958,000, or at the
rate of 8,104 per day, 338 per hour and 5.6 per min-
ute.
DEATHS AND BIRTHS
Assuming that the total population of the world
Is 1,600,000,000 and the average annual death rate
20 per 1,000 of population, the total number of
deaths In a year Is about 32.000,000. This is at the
rate of 87,671 per day, 3,653 per hour, 61 per minute
and 1 per second.
As the population of the world Increases by about
7,000,000 per year," the total births must be that
number In excess of the deaths, or about 39,000.000.
This Is at the rate of 106,849 births per day, 4,452
per hour, 74 per minute and 1.2 per second.
MORTALITY OF WAGE EARNERS.
Death rate per 1,000 employes in certain occupations In the United States In 1900.
Diseases of
Manufacturing and mechanical industries. of iSi
Bakers and confectioners .............................. 2.50
Blacksmiths .......................................... 2.13
Boot and shoe makers ................................. 1.36
Brewers, distillers and rectifiers ................. ~... 2.57
Butchers ............................................... 2.88
Cabinetmakers and upholsterers ..................... 3.59
Carpenters and joiners ................................. 2.31
Clgarmakers and tobacco workers ................... 4.77
Compositors, printers and pressmen .................. 4.36
Coopers ..................................... ........... 3.00
Engineers and firemen (not locomotive) ............. 230
Iron and steel workers ................................. 2.36
Leather makers ....................................... 3.11
Leather workers ....................................... 2.27
Machinists ........................................... 1.96
Marble and stone cutters .............................. 5.41
Masons (brick and stone) ............................. 2.94
Mill and factory operatives (textiles) ................ 2.08
Millers (flour and grist) ............................. 1.99
Painters, glaziers and varnishers .................... 3.19
Plumbers and gas and steam fitters ................... 2.94
Tailors ................................................ 2.18
Tinners and tinware makers ........................ 3.65
Agriculture, transportation and other outdoor
classes.
Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc ................... 2.61
Farmers, planters and farm laborers ................. 1.12
Miners and quarrymen ................................ 1.21
Steam railroad employes ............................... 1.30
system,
1.61
2.99
1.50
2.74
2.30
2.22
2.45
1.80
1.31
2.90
2.09
.92
1.02
2.68
1.24
1.10
2.27
.84
4.47
2.14
.91
1.43
1.78
.90
2.71
.39
.96
disease.
1.02
1.90
1.46
2.23
1.78
1.61
2.24
1.76
.94
2.72
1.81
1.02
1.26
2.11
1.04
1.60
2.32
.91
3.81
1.70
.60
1.29
1.27
.95
2.63
.57
.89
monii.
1.17
1.69
.95
2.40
1.73
1.74
1.46
2.16
1.16
2.09
1.78
1.82
1.32
.97
1.10
1.37
2.30
.81
2.98
1.54
1.13
1.13
1.37
1.48
1.49
.77
.60
"organs'
1.46
1.90
.79
2.57
1.36
1.57
1.74
1.68
.94
3.09
1.67
.77
.84
2.27
.98
.84
1.83
.57
2.48
1.83
.88
1.38
1.32
.90
1.71
.49
.65
.61
1.00
.33
1.37
.81
.65
1.18
.70
.50
1.36
1.84
.79
.60
.97
.71
.99
1.58
.76
1.98
1.28
.76
.51
.91
1.34
.84
3.78
4.10
All
causet
12.3
18.3
9.4
19.7
16.1
18.0
17.2
18.7
12.1
23.8
15.7
10.7
12.3
17.5
10.5
14.9
19.9
8.8
26.6
16.2
9.1
11.8
14.5
11.0
17.6
9.6
10.8
MINERS KILLED IN THE UNITED STATES.
1890 701
1891 1.076
1892 859
1893 965
1894 957
1,493
1.594
1,828
1.794
1.999
EARTHQUAKE IN CARTAGO, COSTA RICA.
1895 1.057
1896 1,120
1897 947
1898 1,049
1899 1.243
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905 2.097
1906 2.061
1907 3.125
1908 2.450
1909 2,412
Fifteen hundred persons were killed and many
others injured by an earthquake in Cartago. Costa
Rica. Wednesday. May 5, 1910. The heaviest shock
occurred at 7 o'clock In the evening, and no one
had time to escape into the streets. Railroad and
telegraph lines were broken and the electric
lights foil, leaving the city In darkness. Every
house end building In the city was destroyed, In-
cluding four churches and the palace of the Amer-
ican peace court, the gift of Andrew Carnegie.
No medical aid could be obtained until the follow-
ing day and great suffering was the result. It was
1he severest disaster of the kind In the history of
Costa Rica.
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
141
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.
WHEAT CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1903-1909).
COUNTRY.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1!K)7.
1908.
1909.
United States
Bushels.
(537,822,000
471.000
22.58;!.00()
41,381.000
15.oflS.000
1.238.000
4,000.000
Bushels.
552,400,000
371,000
13.WW.OOO
40,3!)7.000
16,447,000
' 968.000
3.000.000
Bushels.
692,979,000
405,000
21.517.000
55,7(il.OOO
26,107.0(0
2.307.000
3,000.000
Bushels.
735,261,000
407.000
22.109,000
61.250.000
37,040,000
3.SH,000
3,000.000
Bushels.
634,087,000
411,000
18,019.000
39,088.000
27,692,000
4.1t,00t>
2,687,000
Bushels.
664,60-2.000
349,000
18,057,000
50,2(59.000
34.742.000
6.842,000
2.175,000
Bushels.
737,189,000
395,000
16.262,000
52.706.000
85,197,000
9.579,000
2.605,000
Canada:
Alberta
Other
Total Canada
85,271,000
30.493.000
74,213,000
9.393,000
109.097.000
9.710.000
127,772,000
8,000,000
92,691,000
9,000,000
112,434,000
8.000,000
166,744,000
8.000,000
Mexico
733,586,000
103.759.000
10.114,0(10
5,240,000
636,006,000
129,672,000
17.1148,000
7.000.000
811,786,000
150,745,000
12,089.000
7,565,000
871,033,000
134,931.000
12,157.000
4,li06.000
735,778,000
155,993,000
15.776,000
6,867,000
785,836,000
192.489,000
18,915,000
7,430.000
911,933,000
161.672000
20.0(10,0(10
8.000,000
Chile
Uruguay
Total South America
Austria-Hungary :
119,113,000
40.198,000
11)1.958,000
14,(i04.000
3,901,000
154,620,000
53.734,000
137.078.000
9.841.000
3,753,000
170,399,000
54.531,000
157.514,000
13,077.000
3.016.000
151,694,000
58,255.000
197.409,000
10.351,000
2,693,000
178,636,000
52,369.000
120,509.000
10,170,000
2,169,000
218,834,000
62.129.000
152.205.000
18.220,000
3,0:23.000
189,672,000
58,468,000
113,352,000
11,662,000
2.591.000
Hungary proper
Croatia-Slavonia
Bosnia-Herzegovina
220,721,000
12,350.000
35,551.000
4,461.000
130.000
304.320.000
ISO.O-'U.OOO
8,000.000
184.451.000
200.000
4.258,000
307,000
8.000.000
73,700,000
454,596,000
111,255,001)
204,406,000
13.817,000
42,24'.i.OOO
4,302,000
133.000
298.826.000
139.803.000
8.000.000
167,635.000
200.000
1,423,000
212,000
9,000,000
53,738,000
519,964,000
21,241,000
81,050,000
228,138,000
12.401.000
34.949.000
4,067.000
129.000
335.453.000
135,947.000
8,000.000
160.o04.UOO
200,000
5,078,000
329.000
5,000.000
103,328,000
451.327,000
20.2311,000
96,708,000
268,705,000
12.964.000
39.101l.000
4,161.000
150,000
324.919,000
144,754,000
8,000.000
176,464.000
200.000
4.942.000
303.000
9.000,000
113,867,000
344,765,000
21,152,000
85,046.000
185,217,000
15,835,000
21545.000
4,343,000
135.000
376.999,000
127,843,000
8.000.000
177,543,000
200.000
5,325.000
290,000
6,000,000
42,257,000
340,416.000
18,173.000
79.181,000
230,577,000
13,963,000
86,496,000
4,318.000
135.000
317,7<>5.000
138,142,000
8.000.000
152,236.000
200.000
5,121,000
333.000
5.000,000
54,813,000
383.016,000
21,182,000
81,964,000
186,076,000
15.506,000
37.000,000
4,000.000
135.000
356.571,000
138.000.0UO
8.000.000
164,587,000
-200.000
5,000,000
316,000
5,000,000
56,751,000
Belgium
Finland
G reece
Italy
Russia:
Russia proper
Poland
Northern Caucasia
77.877,000
Total Russia (European)
Servia
551,728.000
10,885.000
128,979.000
5,538.000
4,000,000
26,000,000
46,524.000
1,528,000
1,093.000
1,176,000
622,255,000
11,676,000
95,377.000
5.135,000
4,000,1100
23,000,000
35,624,000
1,499,000
568,274,000
11.280.0CO
92.504.000
5.529.000
4.000.000
20,000,000
57,124,000
2,130.000
450,963,000
13.211,000
140,656.000
6,650000
4000.000
25.000,000
57.583.000
2,063.000
437,773,000
8,375.000
100,331,000
5.953,000
4,000.000
18,000,000
53,855.000
1,953,000
489,162,000
11.495.000
119.970.000
6,756,000
3,527.000
25,000,000
51,371.000
1,854.000
711,479,000
13,000,000
114,105.000
6,978.000
3,568,000
30,000,000
60.241,000
2,111.000
Turkey (European)
United kingdom: Great Britain-
Scotland
Wales
919.000
1,040,000
1.20J.OOO
1,430,000
1,308.000
1.527.000
1,138,000
1,367.000
966.000
1,4?8.0CO
1,147,000
1.809.000
Ireland
50,321,000
t.830,526,000
297,601,000
2,477,000
9,600.000
179,000
39,082,000
1,747,262,000
359,936,000
2,176,000
19,754.000
190.000
62,188,000
1,797,326,000
283.063,000
2,441,000
18,437,000
200.000
62,481,000
1,810,550,000
319.952,000
2,410,000
20,282.000
178,000
58,313,000
1,606,603,000
317.023,000
2,636,000
22,795,000
200.000
55,629,000
1,678,933.000
227.983.000
2,601.000
22,587,000
200.000
65.308,000
1.951,583,000
283.300.000
2,600,000
22,035,000
200,000
Total Europe
British India
Cyprus
Japanese empire:
Formosa
9,779,000
16,000,000
20,925.000
48,670,000
64,000
19,944,000
16,000,000
12,822,000
31,590.000
82,000
18,637,000
16,000.000
25,491,000
42,411,000
109.000
20,460,000
16,000,000
11,486.000
45,833,000
108.000
22,995,000
16,000,000
27,085,000
45,771.000
63,000
22,787.000
16,000,000
21,416,000
55,755.000
66,000
22,235,000
16,000,000
Persia '
Russia:
Sioeria
Transcaucasia
Total Russia (Asiatic)
69,659,000
35,000,000
430.51(>,000
34,035.000
1.755.000
25,000,000
4.000
294.000
7.523,000
44,494,000
35,000,000
477,550,000
25.484,000
2,000.000
25,000,000
7,000
486,000
10.519,000
68,011,000
35,000,000
423,152,000
25,579.000
2,000,000
25,000.000
4,000
483.001
5,729,000
57,427 ,000
35.000,000
451,249,000
34.323,000
2.000,000
25,000,000
8.000
542.001
4.906,000
72,919,000
35,000,000
466,573,000
31,261,000
2.000,000
25,000,001
3.000
500.000
6,314,000
77,237,000
35,000,000
381,608,000
30.000.000
l.'.tlO.OOO
25,000,000
3000
5011,000
2,838.000
71,792,000
35,000.000
430,987,000
34.769.000
2.257.000
25,000.0(10
5.000
500.000
4,000.000
Turkey (Asiatic),
Total Asia
Algeria
Cape of Good Hope
Egypt
Natal
Tunis
Total Africa
55.611,000
63,496,000
58.795,000
66,779.003
65,078.000
<i0.257.000i 66.531. 000
142
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
WHEAT CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1903-1909). -CONTINUED.
COUNTRY.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
Australia:
Bushels.
6,000
1,636,000
2.tioO.OOO
6,555,000
1,017.000
905,000
Bushels.
2,514,000
28,190,000
29.425.00U
13,826.000
1,935,000
792.000
Bushels.
2,217,000
16,983.000
21.666,000
12,464,000
2,077,000
813,000
56,216,000
9.411.000
Bushels.
1,173.000
21.391.000
24,15t;,000
20,778,000
2,381,000
801.000
Bushels.
1,144,000
22,50ti,000
23.331.000
18,017.000
2,845,000
672,000
Bushels.
715,000
9,444.0001
12.482,000
19,739.000
3,018,000
665,000
Bushels.
1.241,000
15.971,000
24,082.000
20.009,000
2,535.000
825.000
ew South Wales
Victoria
Tasmania
12.768,000
7.C93.000
76.488.000
8,140.000
70,680,000
7,013.000
68.515,000
5,782.000
46.0(3.000
6,743,000
64,(>63,000
9,049,000
New Zealand
20,461,000
3,189,813,000
84.628.000
3.163,562,000
65,626,000
3,327,084,000
77.693,000
3,428.998,000
74,297,000
3,126,965,000
51,806,000
3,176,479,000
73,712,000
3.624.418,000
Grand total
CORN CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1902-1908).
COUNTRY.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
United States ."
Bushels.
,523.648,000
21,159.000
78,099.000
Bushels.
2,244,177.000
30.211,000
90,879.000
Bushels.
2,467,481.000
20,880,000
88,131,000
Bushels.
2,707,994.000
21.582.000
85.000,000
Bushels.
2,927.416,000
24,745.000
70,000,000
Bushels.
2,592.320,000
23,276.000
70.000.0110
Bushels.
2.668,651,000
22.868.000
70,000.000
Canada
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina....
>,622,906,000
84,018.000
866,000
5,060,000
2,365,267,000
148,948,000
1,118,000
5.289,000
2,576,492,000
175,189,000
1.477,000
3,035.000
2,814,576,000
140,708,000
1.244.000
4,417.000
3,022.161,000
194,912.000
840.000
3,226,000
2,685,596,000
71.768,000
1.500,000
5.359.000
2,761,519,000
136,057,000
1,344.000
6,000.000
Chile
Uruguay
Total South America ....
89,944,000
13,462,000
165,365,000
16,056,000
135.751.000
23.776.000
8.411,000
179,701,000
12,529,000
59,400.0! X)
11.364,000
6.464.000
146,369,000
17.293,000
94.045.000
18,385.000
9.584.000
198,988,000
18,177,000
162,973.000
25.689.000
8.938.000
78,627,000
16.599.000
155.619.000
17.9iM.000
6,468.000
143,401,000
15.170,000
146,124,000
20,536.000
8.821.000
Austria- Hungary :
101,546,000
15,255,000
5.863.000
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Total Austria-Hungary
Bulgaria
139,12,000
18.109.000
24.928.000
71.028.0W
16.000,0001
08,447,000
40.377,000
183,994,000
22,836,000
25.360.000
88.990,000
14,000.000
80,272,000
40,397,000
89,757,000
12,758,000
19.482.000
90.545.UOO
15.000.000
19,598,000
18,966,000
13,000
139,307,000
18.141,000
24.030.0(10
97.265,000
15.000,000
59,275,000
22,533,000
215,675.000
27,780.000
14,581.000
93.0U8.00U
11.023.000
130,546.000
59,320.000
196,620,000
14.080.000
24.U27.00C
88.513,000
15.000.000
57,576,000
41,903,000
1 000
190.651,000
20.717,000
24.000,000
95,953,000
15.000.000
78,892,000
49,663,000
France
Italy
Russia:
Russia proper
Poland
Northern Caucasia
8.042,000
10,067.000
6.951,000
10.798,000
11,181,000
8,860.001;
11,449.000
Total Russia (European)
Servia
48,419,000
18,396,000
25,272.000
50,464,000
19,479.000
18,759.000
26,920,000
9,498,000
21.30U.OOO
33,331,000
21,431.000
31,880.000
70,501,000
27,786.000
18.714.000
60,764,000
17.691.000
25,372,000
61,112,000
21,010.000
20.115,000
Spain. . : . . .
Total Europe
429,716,000
556,000
2,000,001
IIO.UOO.OOO
4 1430W
200,000
:>04,154,000
435.000
3,500,000
30,000,OOC
1,997,000
184,000
303,858,000
391,000
3,502,000
30,000,000
5.282.000
189,000
439,659,000
490.000
2,500.000
30,000.001
4,822.000
320,000
609,614,000
544.000
3,2UO.OOO
30.00U,OOU
3,845.000
300.000
489,643,000
402,000
3.550,000
35.000.000
2,984.000
300,000
527,450,000
400.000
1.758.000
30,000.000
4,593,000
300,000
Algeria
Cape of Good Hope
Natal
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
Total Africa
36,899,000
7,256,000
590,000
36,116,000
4,987,000
627.000
39,364,000
9,972,000
647,000
38,128,000
8.374,000
506,000
37,889,000
8,608.000
653,000
42,236,000
10,493,000
419.001
37,051,000
8,388,000
519.00U
New Zealand
Total Australasia
7,846,000
iU87.311.OOC
6,614,000
3,066.506,000
10,519,000
3.109,934,000
8,880,000
3,447,917,000
9,261,000
3,877,913.0a
10,912,000
3.307.014.000
8,907,000
3,478,328,000
Grand total
SUGAR PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES.
In long tons.
YEAR.
Beet
sugar.
CANE SUGAR.
Total.
Louisiana.
Other
southern
states.
Porto
Rico.
Hawaii.
Philip-
pines.
1900-1...
76.859
164,827
194,782
214,825
216,173
279,393
431,796
413,954
380,254
457,562
270,338
321,676
829,226
228,477
335.000
330,000
230.UOO
335,000
860.000
325,000
2,891
3,614
3,722
19,800
15.000
12,000
13,000
12.000
15.000
10,000
80.000
86.UOO
85.0(iU
130,000
145,000
213,000
255,000
200.000
'215.000
2SO,UUU
321,461
317,50!)
391.062
328,103
380.576
383,225
390.000
465.288
465.000
490,000
56,400
78.637
90,000
84.0UO
10(5,875
145,525
150,500
15.000
150.000
145.000
806,949
971.263
1,093,792
1.005,205
1.198,624
1.363.143
1,470,296
1,576.242
1.575,254
1.707,562
1901-2
1902-3
1903-4
1904-5
1905-6. . . .
1906-7....
1907-8....
1908-9
1909-10
CHICAGO D.AILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
143
BEET SUGAR IN THE UNITED STATES.
STATE AND YEAR.
Factories
in opera-
tion.
Area bar-
vested.
|*&
2<
2S
5*0
Beets
worked.
3.
s|!
3&
Estimat'd
average
extrac-
tion of
sugar.
Average
sugar in
beets.
Average
purity co-
efficient
of beets.
Av. length
of cam-
paign.
1909.
California
No.
10
Acres.
siom
Short
tons.
10.63
Short
tons.
882,084
Pounds.
254,544,000
Per
cent.
14.43
Per
cent.
17.61
Per
cent.
83.62
Days
102
16
121,698
10.33
1,256,771
298.810,000
11.89
14.24
80.51
85
3
15.434
10.60
163,557
39,988.000
12.22
15.98
86.17
88
Michigan
16
112,232
7.31
819,923
212,106,000
12.93
17.00
86.21
74
Utah
5
31.293
14.54
455,064
97,768.000
10.74
15.04
84.22
1S8
Wisconsin
4
14,000
10.21
143,000
34,340,000
12.01
15.88
85.17
63
Ten states having one fac-
tory each
11
42,605
8.47
360,000
87,382.000
12.10
15.09
83.21
61
Totals and averages
65
420.262
9.71
4,081.382
1,024,938.000
12.56
16.10
84. 1L
83
1908
62
.'UH 913
9 36
3,414,891
851.768,000
12.47
15.74
83 5
74
1907
63
370.894
10.16
3,767.871
927.256.430
12.30
15.8
83.6
89
1906
63
376,074
11.26
4,236.112
967,224.000
11.42
14.9
82.2
105
1905
52
307,364
8.67
2,665,913
625,841,228
11.74
15.3
83.0
77
1904
48
197.784
10.47
2,071,539
484.226,430
11.69
15.3
83.1
78
1903
49
242 576
8 56
2 076 494
481.209,087
11.69
15.1
*
75
1902
41
216,400
8.76
1,895,812
436.811,685
11.52
14.6
83.3
94
1801
36
175.083
9.63
1.685.689
369.211,733
10.95
14.8
82.2
88
No data.
PRINCIPAL FARM CROPS OF THE UNITED STATES BY YEARS.
[From tables prepared by the department of agriculture.]
CORN.
WHEAT.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
1899....
82,108,587
2.078,143,933
J629.210.110
44,592,516
547,303.846
$319,545,259
1900
83,320.872
2.105.102.516
751.220.ftS4
42.495,385
522,229.505
823.515,177
1901 .
91,349.928
1 522 519,891
921,555.768
49.895.514
748,460,218
467.350.166
1902....
94,043,613
2.523,648.312
1,017,017.349
4ti.202.424
670,063.008
422.224.117
1908
88,001,998
2,244,176,925
952.868.801
49.4S4.967
637.821,835
443,024.826
1904
92,231.581
2.467,480,934
1,087.461.440
44.074.875
652,399,517
610,489 874
1905 ...
94.011.369
2 707 993 540
1.116,696.738
47.854.079
692.979,489
618.372,727
1906....
96,737,581
2.927,416,091
1,166.626,479
47.31)5.829
735.260.970
490,332,760
1907
99.931.000
2.592.320,0i
1.336,901,000
45,211.000
634.087.000
554,437.000
1908
101,788.000
2,068.651,000
1.616.145.000
47.557,000
664.602.000
616.826.000
190
10S.771.OOl)
2.772,376.000
1.652.822,000
46.723.000
737,189.000
730,046,000
OATS.
RYE.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
1899. . . .
26,341.380
796,177.713
$198,167,975
1,659.308
23.961,741
$12.214,118
1900 ..
27,364,795
809,125,989
208,669,233
1,591,302
23,995,927
12,295,417
M01
28,541,476
736,808,724
293,658,777
1,987.505
30,344,a30
16,909,742
1902
28.653,144
987,842,712
303.584,852
1.978.548
33,630,592
17.080,793
1903
27.638.126
784.094.199
267,661,665
1,906,894
29,363,416
15,993,871
27.842.009
894.595.552
279,900,013
1.792,673
27,234,565
18,745,543
1906
28.046.746
953,216,197
277,047,537
1,662,508
27,616,045
16,754,657
Ifi06
30,958,7(8
964,5)04,522
306,292.978
^,001,904
33.374.833
19.671 243
1907 ...
31,837,000
754,443.000
334,568,000
1,926,000
31.566.000
23068000
1908. . . .
82,344,000
807,156.000
381,171,000
1,948,000
81.851.000
23,465,000
1909
33.204.000
1,007.353,000
408,174,000
2,006,000
32.239.000
23,809,000
BARLET.
]
BUCKWHEA1
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
1899
2.878.229
73.381,563
$29,594,254
670,148
11,094,473
$6 183 676
1900
2,894,282
68,925,833
24,075.271
637,930
9,566,9f>6
5.341,413
1901
4,295,744
109.932,924
49,705,163
811,164
15.125,939
8,523 317
1902
4.661,063
134,954,023
61,898.634
804,889
14,529.770
8,654,704
1903
4.993,137
131,861,391
60.166,313
804.393
14,243,644
8 650733
1904....
5.145.878
139,748.958
58,651,807
793.625
15.008.X-i6
9.390,768
1905
5,095,528
136,651,020
55,047.166
760,118
14,585.082
8,565,499
1906
6,323,757
178.916,484
74.2J5.Se7
789.208
14,641,937
8,727.443
1907
6,448.000
153,597.000
102,29(1.000
800.000
14.290.000
9975000
1908
6,646,000
166.756.000
92.442,000
803,000
15874000
12004000
1909
7.011.000
170,284,0(0
93.971.000
834,000
17,438.000
12,188,000
YEAR.
POTATOES
HAY.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Tons.
Value.
1899
2,581,353
228.783,232
189,328.832
41,328,462
56,655.756
Mil 926 187
1900 ,
2,611,054
210,926,897
90.811,167
39 132890
50 110906
445 538 870
1901.
2.S64 335
187,598.087
14JJ.979.470
39 3911 508
59 590 877
506 191 553
1902....
2.965,58?
284,632.789
134.111,436
39,825,227
59.857,576
542,036.364
1903....
2,916,855
247.127,880
151,638,094
39,933,759
61,305.940
556376880
1904...
3.015,675
332,830.300
IS0.673.3H2
39.998,602
60 696,028
529 107626
1906
2,996,757
260,741,294
160.821.080
39 361 960
00531 611
519 959 784
1906
3,013.150
308,038.382
157,547 392
42 476 224
57 145 959
592 539 671
1907. .
3 124,0ft)
297.942.00U
183880,000
44 028000
63677 000
743 507 000
1908 ...
3 257,000
278,985,000
197 039 000
46486000
70798 000
635423000
1909
3.525,000
376.537.000
206,545.000
45.744,000
64,938.000
089,345;000
144
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
PRINCIPAL FARM CROPS OF TUB UNITED STATES. CONTINUED.
YKAB.
TOBACCO.
COTTON.
1899
Acres.
1,101,483
Pounds.
868,163,275
Value.
$56,933,003
Acres.
23,403,497
Bales.
9.142,838
Value.
$334,847.868
1900
*
27,114.103
10.401, 453
511,098.111
1901
*
*
27.220,414
10.662.W5
418,358 366
1902
1.030,734
821.823.963
57,563.510
25,758.139
10,725.422
458.0ol.005
1903
1,037.735
S15.972 425
55.514.627
27,114,103
10.1150.953
55(9,694,724
1904
806.409
B60,4f 1 0.739
63,382,959
28.016.893
9,851.129
576,499 824
1905
776,112
633.033.719
48.674.118
80.053.739
13,438,012
561 100386
1906
796.099
682,428,530
68.232.647
32.049.000
W.273,809
640311 538
1907
830.800
698.126,000
71.411,000
31.311,000
11.107.179
613630436
1908
875,426
718,061,380
74,130,185
32.444.000
13.241,799
588,814,828
1909
1.180,300
949,ai7.000
95.719.365
30.780.000
10.088.000
AVERAGE FARM VALUE OF CROPS.
DEC. 1.
Wheat.
Oats.
Corn.
Rye.
Barley
Buck-
wheat.
Pota-
toes.
Hay,
per ton
1898 .
Cents.
58.2
Cents.
25.5
Cents.
28.7
Cents.
46.3
Cents.
41.3
Cents.
45.0
Cents.
41.4
Uoll'rs
6.00
1899
58.4
24.9
30.3
51.0
40.3
55.7
39
7 27
1900
61.9
25.8
35.7
51.2
40.8
55 8
43 ]
8 89
1901
1902
62.4
63.0
39.9
30.7
60.5
40.3
55.7
50.8
45.2
45.9
56.3
59.6
76.7
47.1
10.01
9 06
1903
69.5
34.1
42.5
54.5
45.6
60.7
61.4
9 08
1904
1905
92.4
74.8
31.3
29.1
44.1
41.2
68.8
61.1
42.0
40.3
62.2
58.7
45.3
61.7
8.72
8.52
1906
66.7
31.7
39.9
58.9
41.5
59.6
51.1
10.37
1907
87.4
4t.3
51.6
73.1
66.6
69.8
61.7
11.08
1908
92.4
47.2
60.6
73.6
55.4
75.6
70 6
8 98
1909
82.4
40.5
59.6
73.9
55.2
69.9
54.9
10.62
FARMS IN THE UNITED STATES.
[Federal census, 1900.)
YKAB.
Farms.
Total.
Improved.
Unimproved.
Average.
Improved.
1900. . . .
Number.
5.73D.65T
Acres.
841.201.546
Acres.
414.793,191
Acres.
426.408,355
Acres.
146.6
Per cent.
493
1890
4.5IH.IVJ1
621218,019
35V.616.755
265,601,864
136.5
67 4
1880
4 onsixr?
> 081.835
284,771.042
251 310 793
1337
53 1
1870
2.()59.!)85
407.7:6,041
188.921,099
218,813,942
1533
46 3
i860
2,044.077
407.212,5'i8
163,110,720
244,101.818
199.2
40 1
i860
1.449,073
2!)3,560.614
113,032.614
180.528,000
202.6
38.5
VALUE OF FARM PROPERTY AND PRODUCTS.
YEAH.
Total value.
Land and
buildings.
Implements,
machinery.
Live stock.
Products.*
1900
1890
$20,514.001,838
15.982,267.689
$16.674,690.247
13.279,252,649
$761.261.550
494.247,467
$3.078,050.041
12,208,767,573
$4,739.118,752
2 460 107 454
1880
12,101 001.538
10,197.090,776
406.520.055
tl,500,384 707
2 212 540 927
1870
11 124!58.747
9,262.803,861
336,878,429
1,525 276 457
+2 447 538 668
I860
7,980,493.063
6,645,045.007
246.118.141
1,089,329,915
1850
3,967,343.580
3,271.575,426
151,587,638
544,180.516
For year preceding that designated. fExcluslve of stock on ranges. ^Includes betterment and addition
to stock.
NUMBER AND VALUE OF
Animals. Number. Av. price. Total value.
Horses 21.040,000 $108.19 $2,276,363,000
Mules 4,123,000 119.84 494,095,000
Milch cows 21,801,000 35.79 780.308,000
Other cattle 47.279,000 19.41 917,453,000
Sheep 57,216,000 4.08 233,664,000
Swine... 47,782,000 9.14 436,603,000
The total valut 1 of all the farm animals enumer-
ated Jan. 1, 1910, was $5,138,486,000, as compared
with $4,525,529,000 on Jan. 1, 1909; an increase of
13.6 per cent. Th3 states having the largest num-
ber cf farm animals of each kind in 1910 were:
Horses Illinois, 1,655.000; Iowa, 1,447,000; Texas,
1.369,000; Kansas. 1,187,000; Nebraska, 1,045,000;
Missouri, 1,005,000.
FARM ANIMALS (1910).
Mules Texas, 702,000; Missouri, 344.000; Missis-
sippi, 290,000; Tennessee, 290,000; Alabama, 253,000;
Georgia, 248,000.
Milch cows New York, 1,771,000; Iowa, 1,570000;
Wisconsin, 1,506,000; Illinois, 1,232,000; Pennsylva-
nia, 1,140,000; Texas, 1,137,000.
Other cattle Texas, 7,131,000; Iowa, 3,611,000;
Karsas, 3,260,000; Nebraska, 3,040,000; Missouri,
2,165,000; Illinois, 1,974,000.
Sheep Wyoming, 7,316,000; Montana. 5,747,000;
New Mexico. 4,729,000; Idaho, 4,248,000; Ohio, 3,203,-
000; Utah, 3,177,000.
Swine Iowa, 6,485,000; Illinois, 3,772.000; Texas
3,205,000; Nebraska, 3,201,000; Missouri, 2,714,000;
Indiana, 2,578,000.
LIVE STOCK IN THE- COUNTRIES NAMED.
Country. Year. Cattle. Horses. Sheep. Swine.
Canada 1909 7,234,084 2,132,489 2;705,390 2,012509
Cuba 1909 2,968,867 499,560 700.000
Great Britain ]909 7.020,982 1,552.993 27,618,419 2,380,887
Iroland 1909 4,698,412 599.293 4,132.392 1,148,715
Australia, commonwealth 1908-9 13.543,012 1,926,678 87,003,048 695,539
LIVE STOCK OF THE WORLD (1910).
[From the Crop Reporter, Washington, D. C.]
Statistics of the world supply of live stock aro
incomplete; large areas of Africa are unrepre-
sented; the number of animals in China, Persia,
Afghanistan. Korea. Bolivia, Ecuador, Salvador
and several less important countries is unknown;
for Brazil the number of cattle alone is estimated;
in general, statistics of cattle, horses, sheep and
swine are much more complete than those of other
animals, as statements for the world. In some
countries the latest available data relate to num-
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1911.
145
bers tor. years ago. Keeping in view these defi-
ciencies !n data, estimates of the approximate num-
ber of live stock in the world, so far as informa
tion is available, are of interest.
Sheep seem to be the most numerous of the large
animals nt the world, with a total of about 580,-
000, COO head. Australia ranks first, with alxnit 88,-
000,000; Argentina second, with 67,000,000; United
States third, with about 57,000,000; European Rus-
sia and Asiatic Turkey each have approximately
45,000.000; Great Britain, with 27,000,000 in 1908,
has more sheep in proportion to its area than any
other hnpovtant nation.
The number of cattle enumerated or estimated,
about 430,000.000, although smaller than that of
sheep, is much ncore important, owing to their
larger size. In total number of cattle, British
India ranks first, with about 91,000,000 (including
bu(T;<loes and buffalo calves); the United States
ranks second, with aboat 70,000,000; Russia third,
with about 3&, 000, 000; Argentina and Brazil each
bave about 30,000,000, Germany about 20,000,000,
Austria-Hungary 18.000,000 (in 1900). France 14.000,-
000 an'l the united kingdom 12,000,000. The propor-
tion of the total pumtk r of cattle which is beef
cattle, work cattle or milch cows has not been
estiirate'l.
The United States Is pre-eminent as a swlne-pro-
du( ing nation, being credited with approximately
50.000.000 head out of a world supply of less than
150.000,000. Germany ranks second, with about 22,-
000,000; European Russia has about 11,000,000;
France, 7,000,000; Austria had 5,000,000 In 1900 and
Hungary 7,000.000 in 1S95. No other country is
credited with as many as 5.000,000.
Horses aggregate about 95,000.000: F.uropean Rus-
sia and the United States have almost an equa 1 .
number, between 20,000,000 and 25,000,000 head; Ar-
gentina has about 8,000.000; Asiatic Russia is cred-
ited with about 7,000,000, Germany, 4.000.000, France
3.000,000, the united kingdom 2,000.000, Austria
and Hungary each had about 2,000,000 in 1900 and
18S5, respectively.
Of the 7,500,000 mules that are estimated In the
world more than half are In the United States;
no other country is credited with 1,000,000; Spain
conies nearest with about 810,000 in 1907.
The number of asses in the world is estimated to
be between 8.000,000 and 9,000,000; Asiatic Turkey
Is credited with about 2,500,000; 1,300,000 were cred-
ited to British India in 1907; 850,000 to Italy in
1908, and 770,000 to Spain in 1907.
Nearly 100.000,000 goats are estimated in the va-
rious countries of the world; by far the largest
number are in British India, nearly 30,000,000;
Asiatic Turkey is credited with 9.000,000, the Cape
of Good Hope with nearly 9,000,000, Algeria about
4.000.000, Mexico 4,000,000 and Argentina 3,000,000
(in 1907).
About 15,000,000 buffaloes were reported In Brit-
ish India in 1907, over 2,500,000 in Dutch East In-
dies in 1905; minor countries bring the total num-
ber estimated to o\er 21,000,000.
The approximate number of camels In important
countries, so far as estimates can be made, is:
Asiatic Russia, 700.COO; British India, 450,000; Eu-
ropean Russia, 225,000- Algeria, 200,000; Tunis,
150,000; Sudan (Anglo-Egyptian, number assessed
for tribute and tax in 1905), 132,000; Egypt, 40.000.
Of the 900,000 leindeer reported from various
countries, 350.000 were in Russia, 230,000 were in
Sweden, 140.000 in Finland (in 1906) and 110,000 in
Norway (1900).
WHEAT AND OATS (1909).
STATE OR
TERRITORY.
WHEAT (WINTER AND SPRING).
OATS.
Acres.
Yield.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Yield.
Bushels.
Value.
93.000
Ifi.OCO
151.1X10
825.000
365.000
10.5
25.0
11.4
14.0
29.5
1,029.000
400.000
1,721.000
11.550000
10,758,000
$1,338.000
556,000
1.893.000
12,820.000
10.365,000
270,000
4.000
164.000
200,000
196.000
11.000
4,000
31 .00)
350.000
1:5.000
4.346,000
1.820.000
4.300,000
964.000
173.000
32.000
124.000
28,000
7.000
1.420.000
2,788,000
150.000
690 000
300,000
2,473.000
7,000
14.000
60,OTO
24.000
1,325.000
196,000
1.550,000
1.370.000
550.000
288.1 00
998.000
2,000
211,000
1.450.000
200.000
615,000
55,000
81,000
200,000
202.000
98,000
2,280,000
100.JOO
16.5
37.0
22.8
31.4
38.0
27.5
25.5
17.0
19.0
44.5
36.6
30.5
27.0
28.2
22.3
20.0
37.0
25.4
31.0
30.5
33.0
16.0
27.0
51.3
25.0
40.0
,.5
25.5
40.0
28.2
16.5
32.0
32.5
29.0
37.8
26.3
25.0
21.0
30.0
20.0
18.7
46.1
32.2
19.0
49.0
22.0
35.0
35.0
4,445.000
148.000
3,739.000
(.,280.000
7,448,000
302.000
102.000
527.000
6,650.000
7.788.000
159,064,000
55,510,000
116,100.000
27,185.000
3,858.000
640.000
4.588.000
711.000
217.000
43,310.000
90.288.000
2.400.000
18.630.000
15.390,000
61,825,000
280.000
441.000
1,530.000
960.000
37,365,000
3.234.000
49,600.000
56,225.000
15,950.000
10,886,000
25,948.000
50,000
4,431,000
43.500.000
4,000,000
11,500.000
2.536,000
2.608.000
3.800.000
9,898,000
2.156,000
79.800,000
3,500,000
S3, 1! 8,000
117.000
2.206.000
4.145,000
3.947.000
i 160,000
49.000
395,000
4,722,000
3,894.000
60,444,000
21.649,000
40,635,000
11,690.000
1,968.000
397,000
2,661.000
348000
126,000
17,757,000
31.601,000
1.632.000
8,011,000
6.464,000
21,639,000
165,000
282.000
765,000
634,000
18, '309.000
2,134,000
Ki.HU8.000
23.U52.000
7,337,000
6,661,000
12,974,000
26.000
3.MO.OOO
14,790.000
2.120.COO
7,130,000
1,319.000
1.304.000
2.052,000
4,751,000
1,164,000
31.122,000
1,750,000
Arizona
Arkansas
Call f ornla
Colorado
Connecticut
118,000
14.0
1,652.000
1,718,000
Florida
245.000
520,000
1.810.000
2,165.000
144,000
fi,045.(K)0
670.000
10.0
27.5
17.4
15.3
21.6
13.0
11.8
2,450.000
14,465,000
31,494.000
33.124.000
3.110.000
87.203,000
7,906,000
3,552,000
12.584,000
32,754.000
36.436.000
2.S1.(KX)
83.715.000
8,776,000
Illinois
Indiana
Kentucky
9,000
770.000
1.000
775.000
5,600.0110
1,000
1,943.000
350.000
2,640.000
36,000
25.5
14.5
25.0
18.8
16.8
11.0
14.7
30.6
16.7
28.7
230.000
11,165.000
25.000
14,570.000
T4,080.000
11.000
28,562,000
10,764.000
49.650,000
1,033,000
253.000
12,282.000
30.000
16.318.000
90,317.000
13.000
29.990.000
9,364.000
44,188.000
1,074,000
Massachusetts
Nebraska
New Hampshire
110,000
41. (KX)
420,0(10
570,000
6,625,000
1,480,000
1.225000
810.000
1,545,000
P. 9
24.5
21.0
9.5
13.7
15.9
12.8
J9.8
17.0
1,989.000
1.001.000
KS20.000
5.415,000
90,762.000
23.532,000
15.680.000
16,377.000
26,265,000
2.146,000
1,175.000
9.790.000
fi.S7~.000
83,501.000
26.056,000
15.837,000
15.231,000
28,629,000
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Rhode Island
South Carolina
381,000
3.375,000
SOO.IXX)
555.000
235.000
1.000
790.000
1.540,000
370,000
179.CPO
80,000
10.0
14.1
10.4
9.1
26.2
25.0
11.2
2:1.2
13.0
14.7
28.7
3,810,000
47,588,000
8.WOOO
5.050.000
6,0110,000
25.000
8.848.000
35,780.000
4810.000
3.484.000
2.297,000
5,563,000
42,829,000
9.568,000
5,959,000
5.481,000
30,000
10,175,000
a3,275,000
5.435,000
3.345,000
2,274.000
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Virginia
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
United States...
46.723.0,
15.8
737,189,000
730,046,000
33,204,000
30.3
1,007,353,000
408,174,000
146
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
GRAIN CROPS OF THE CANADIAN NORTHWEST.
Bushels produced In 1908 and 1909.
PBOVINCB.
WHEAT.
OATS.
BARLEY.
1908.
1909.
1908.
. 1909.
1908.
1909.
50,269,000
34,742,000
o,842,(ioo
52,706.000
85,197.000
9.579.000
47,506,000
31,030,000
24,227,000
58.721.000
97.533,000
40,775,000
17.093.000
1,952.000
3,881.000
20.8t,000
4,416.000
5,999,000
Alberta
Total
91,853.000
147.482,000
102,763,000
197,029.000
22,926.000
31,358.000
WHEAT HARVEST CALENDAR.
January Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Argen-
tine Republic.
February and March Upper Egypt, India.
April Lower Egypt, India, Syria, Cyprus, Per-
sia, Asia Minor, Mexico, Cuba.
May Texas. Algeria, Central Asia, China, Japan,
Morocco.
June California, Oregon, Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennes-
see, Virginia, Kentucky. Kansas, Arkansas. Utah.
Colorado, Missouri, Turkey, Greece, Italy, Spain,
Portugal, south of France.
July New England, New York, Pennsylvania,
PRELIMINARY CROP ESTIMATES
Winter wheat 458,294,000 bushels. I Corn 2,977,000,000 bushels.
Spring wheat 233,475,000 bushels. I Oats 1,096,396,000 bushels.
Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Wiscon-
sin, southern Minnesota, Nebraska, upper Canada.
Roumania, Bulgaria, Austria, Hungary, south of
Russia, Germany, Switzerland, south of England.
August Central and northern Minnesota, Dako-
tas. Manitoba, lower Canada, British Columbia,
Belgium, Holland, Great Britain, Denmark, Poland
central Russia.
September and October Scotland, Sweden, Nor-
way, north of Russia.
November Peru, South Africa.
December Burma, New South Wales.
FOR 1910.
I Rye 32,088.000 bushels.
I Barley 158,138,000 bushels.
INTERNATIONAL TRA
Exports
Country. Bushels.
Argentina 133,610,895
Australia 15,027,386
lAustria-Hung'y. 14,720
Belgium 24,178,475
British India.. 4,289.344
Bulgaria 7,818.338
Canada 52,502,903
Chile 4,946,419
DE IN WHEAT (1908).
Imports -
Country. Bushels.
Austria-Hung'y. 290.334
Belgium 67.032,575
Country. Bushels.
British S. Africa 145,275
Canada 6.812,833
Cuba 3,153,495
Denmark 10,445,555
Country. Bushels.
Norwav 809841
Portugal 2,015!388
Russia 343.072
Spain 3 318 904
Brazil 9,551,415
Denmark 3,593.773
France 2.752,415
Germany 76,814,333
Greece 6,638,757
Italy 29,026,788
Egypt 845.205
France 9,629.979
Germany 26,372295
Sweden '488^077
Switzerland ... 2,480.164
United kingdom 68.186,271
Other countries 3,671,563
Italy 2987496
Mexico ... . 179157
Netherlands ... 25,261,400
Total 189 410 729
Netherlands ... 29.914.096
Roumania 26,247,384
Russia . . 53,928,000
Netherlands ... 4o!l59Us3
Portugal 4,604,041
Spain 2,902,246
INTERNATIONAL TRAH
PENTIN
Exports Gallons.
El IN SPIRITS OF TUR-
E (1908).
Gallons.
Servia 3,319,528
Sweden 7,599,881
United States. 92,779,509
Other countries 10,379,838
Switzerland ... 12,140,012
Untd. kingdom. 168. 629,046
Other countries 10,778,106
Germany 433,239
Netherlands .... 1.851,937
Germany 10,088,871
Italy 1,020.128
Total 468,551,011
INTERNATIONAL TRA1
(1.9
Exports
Argentina 1,276,656
Australia 1,191.861
Austria-Hungary 408,453
Total 443,832,729
United States. ..19.433,181
Other countries. 1.199,472
New Zealand.... 138.80'i
>E IN WHEAT FLOUR
)8).
Imports-
Belgium 31,735
Brazil 1,699,314
China 1,194,514
Total 27040928
Switzerland .. . 503',873
United kingdom 8.656,464
Other countries. 996.370
Imports-
Argentina 446,967
Australia 395,430
Austria-Hung' ry 2.406,559
Total 30,036,424
Belgium 529,660
British India.... 350,407
Bulgaria 287,042
Canada 1,747,163
Chile 19,647
Cuba 861,865
Denmark 441.515
Egypt 1,919,766
Finland 1,022,029
France 81,824
INTERNATIONAL TRA1
OIL-CAKE 1
Exports Pounds.
Argentina ... 31.866,797
Austria-Hngy. 113,952.281
Belgium 149.098,934
British In.lia. 158.531,296
Canada 41,743,700
China 129.166.933
>E IN OIL CAKE AND
HEAL (1908).
Imports Pounds.
Austria-Hngy. 27.152,565
Belgium 553.066.95S
Canada 3,741,000
Denmark ....1,036,950,572
Dutch E. Ind. 21,089.491
Finland 20,873,178
France 200,278,415
Germany 1,463,999.742
Italy 10 834 835
France 365,496
Germany 1,702.862
Germany 190,882
Greece 24,953
Italy 499,259
Italy 18,021
Netherlands .... 145,451
Roumania 556.898
Japan 352. 53T
Netherlands .... 2,200,426
Newfoundland . 366.237
Norway 632.712
Philippines 231,305
Spain 171
Sweden :. 120.137
Trinidad-Tobago 230.994
United kingdom. 7,358,072
Other countries. 4,569,267
Total ... ....23,548,276
\DE IN CORN (1908).
Exports^
United States.. 39,013,273
Uruguay 88,659
Other countries 5,881,329
Servia 62.998
United kingdom. 988.326
United St:iti's..l3.013.025
Other countries. 785.439
Denmark .... 2.757,541
Egypt 148.649.000
France 329.693,063
Germany .... 414.855,627
Italy 47 744.617
Japan . . 139 939 333
Netherlands. 701.182.54S
Sweden v 258,508,025
Untd. kingdom 736,330.560
Other countr's 162,678,933
Total 24,469,940
INTERNATIONAL TR,
Exports-
Argentina 67.390.728
Austrla-Hung'v. 307,092
Belgium 6.134.920
Bulgaria 4.393.880
Netherlands ... 6.957,524
Roumania 28.959.000
Russia 23.532,003
Servia ., . 1.934.483
Netherlands . 156,919,410
Russia 1,378.461,689
Untd. kingdom 36,910.720
United States.l. 959.213,339
Other countr's 104,230,46?
Tolal 5.336,626,180
Total 5,203,795.415
INTERNATIONAL TRA
Exports-
Argentina 7 825 681
5E IN BUTTER (1908).
Exports
Denmark 196 061 115
Total 184 592 891
Australia 51.193,311
Austria-Hung'y 8,217,949
Belgium 3,821.565
(Hanfldn .. . K 9<U 144
Finland 26.525,880
France 43 951 344
Imoorts
Austria-Huug'y. 3,106,663
Belciiim .. .. 19. 158.006
Germany 480,167
Ttnlv . S> KM KR
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1011.
147
Country. Pounds.
Netherlands ... 72,911,951
New Zealand... 25,756,752
Norway 3,342,508
Country. Pounds.
Brit. S. Africa 7,445.08
Denmark 4,376,175
Dutch E. Indies 3,036,890
Egypt 2,970,514
France 12,374,543
Germany 74,623,809
Netherlands ... 2,396,806
Russia 505,579
Country. Pounds.
French Guiana. 2,864,283
French Kongo.. 4,061,352
Germany 9,099,798
Gold Coast Col. 3,549,548
Ivory Coast 3,024,783
Kamerun 2,677,117
Netherlands ... 3,774,042
Peru 6,677,097
Imports
Country. Pounds.
Austria-Hung'y 4,237,504
Belgium 17,783,480
Oanada 1868569
Russia 112,346,921
Sweden 40,030,708
United States.. 8,918,091
Other countries 2,865,022
Total 618936,765
France 22,097,539
Germany 32.498,112
Italy 3,298.996
Netherlands ... 6,522,685
Imports
Australia 40,874
Sweden 275,628
Switzerland ... 8,211,776
Untd. kingdom. 465, 443, 216
Other countries 17,538,153
Total 614,359,965
Senegal 2,293,164
Singapore 5,422,133
Russia 16,611,888
United kingdom 24,253.000
United States.. 76,289,474
Other countries 11,344,457
Belgium 10,998,273
Brazil 4,122,64o
Venezuela 700,984
Other countries 24,064,267
INTERNATIONAL TRA
Exports
Bulgaria 6,598,1.,9
Canada 172.081,891
DE IN CHEESE (1908).
Austria-Hung'y 9,748,177
Belgium 31,051,362
Brazil 3,454,643
Brit. .S. Africa 4,459,453
Cuba 5,232,43S
Total 217,582,135
INTERNATIONAL TR
Exports-
Algeria 26,624,118
Total 216,806,304
ADE IN WOOL (1908).
Imports
Austria-Hung. 60,628,869
Belgium 131,118,370
British India 18,470,491
Canada 4,468,680
Germany . 3 387 843
Argentina ... 386,994,937
Australia .... 598,032,199
Belgium 40,465,085
British India 32,108,670
Brit. S. Africa 122,443,992
Chile 6,928,157
Italy 43,711,481
Denmark 1,686,536
New Zealand... 31,449,376
Russia 938,933
France 50,011,189
France 504,910,496
Germany 430,576.566
Japan 5,551,456
Germany 45,689,689
Switzerland ... 67,654,558
United States.. 10,190,843
Russia 3,069,588
China 33,441,467
France 72,337,175
Netherlands . 31,714,118
Russia 52,760,801
Total 485,872,829
Switzerland ... 6.564,703
Untd. kingdom. 251, 908,608
United States.. 33.793,726
Other countries 19, 236, 65?.
Netherlands.. 26,359,444
New Zealand. 168,035,60'
Peru 8 406 261
Sweden 7,168,456
Switzerland... 11,097,626
Untd. kingdom 470,804,920
United States 142,559,384
Other c'ntries 49,487,750
Imports
Argentina 8,085,698
Russia 13939541
Spain 14 373 068
TVital rtn 1'l Rfil
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ROSIN (1908).
Exports f!nhn 3.709.909
Untd. kingdom 38i311,'o9C
United States 84,129,000
Other c'ntries 77,480,629
Total 1,921,317,983
Austria-Hung'y 2,631,878
Denmark 2,382,094
Total 1,790,567,023
Netherlands ... 86,768,63
United States.. 728,330,680
Other countries 34,070,205
Germany 286,217,917
Italy 38,811,048
INTERNATIONAL TRAD
Exports
Austria-Hung. 177,828,338
Belgium 64,463,780
Canada 480,000,000
Finland 140,860,769
E IN WOOD PULP (1908).
Austria-Hung. 6,486,202
Belgium 265,428,111
Denmark 75,010,059
France 692,701.492
Germany 99,261,783
Japan 8,035,293
Total 912,759,854
Netherlands ... 98,809,593
Imports
Argentina 23,529,126
Australia 18,015,312
Spain 4,812,403
Switzerland ... 4,626,620
Untd. kingdom. 171, 698.688
Uruguay 682.304
Germany 281,362,458
Norway 1 310 902 325
Italy 135,943,606
Austria-Hung'y 82,300,744
Sweden l,242!85o',222
Russia 48,932,844
Canada 17.004,000
Other countries 22,560,618
Switzerland . 12,338,167
United States 22,595,379
Other c'ntries 56,805,575
Sweden 6 448 409
Chile 2,112,888
Total 915,505,536
Switzerland .. 20,914,147
U. kingdom... 1,662,662, 400
United States 500,969,689
Other c'ntries 23,684,904
INTERNATIONAL TRA
Exports Bales.*
Brazil 16,442
British India... 1,423,637
China 171,132
Evpt .... 1,315,968
DE IN COTTON (1908).
Bales.*
Canada 125,546
France* 1,294,295
Germany 2,189,209
Italy 953,538
Total 3,780,007,013
Imports
Argentina .... 39,930,837
Total ..3 698 082 295
RAW SILK PRODUCT]
(19C
ON OF THE WORLD
8).
Balkan states... 456, oeo
Greece and Crete 143,000
Caucasus 794,000
France 213,791
Japan 890,132
Germany 248,768
Netherlands .... 108,262
Mexico 7,611
Netherlands .... 243,184
France 1,446000
Spain 166,000
Peru 56,910
Spain 432.687
Austria-Hungary 736.000
Persia and
Turkestan 1,160,000
China 17 672 000
United States... 9,152,070
Other countries. 106,801
Sweden 97,755
Switzerland .... 107,309
United kingdom. 3,702,357
United States... 154,662
Other countries. 308,399
Syria and Cyprus 1,080,000
Other Turkish
provinces 320,000
Salonica and
Adrianople ... 628,000
Total 12,903,470
British India.... '55l!ooO
Total 53 087 000
Imports
Austria-Hungary 816,141
Belgium 226.183
Total ... ...12.645.915
Bales of 500 pounds gross weight.
RICE PRODUCTION OF
(19C
State. Bushels.
North Carolina. 13,000
South Carolina.. 476,000
THE UNITED STATES
9).
State. Bushels.
Mississippi 30.000
Louisiana 12.676.000
INTERNATIONAL TRAI
(19
Exports Pounds.
Angola 5.200.000
>E IN INDIA RUBBER
)8).
Pounds.
Brazil 84,231,126
Belgian Kongo. 10,052.913
Belgium 15.036,638
Dutch E. Indies 14,068,081
Ecuador 887,085
Florida 25.000
Arkansas 1,120,000
Bolivia 4,008,415 1 France 13,045,487
Totll 24,368,000
y. Pounds.
824.000.000
Settlements.. 79.000.000
1,109.978.000
2,600,000
Country.
Ui-ited States 7
Central America
RICE CROP OF THE WORLD (1908).
Pounds. Country. Pound. Countr
10,300,000 French Indo-China.. 5.000,000,-OOS Siam ...
9.400.000 Japanese empire 19.035,600,000 Straits '
i5.151.000 Java and Madura.... 6,877.000,000 Africa .
53.985.000 Korea 3.200.000.000 Oceania
96,436.000 Philippine islands... 534,000,000
56,000,000 Caucasus and Turke- Total
09,000.000 Stan .. 393.000,000
South America 1
British India 63 'Z
108,725,450 000
Ceylon . . ?.
148
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
HOP PRODUCTION OF THE WORLD (1908).
State or country. Pounds.
New York 8,000,000
California 12,000,000
Oregon 13,000,000
Washington 3,000,000
Total United States... 36,000,000
SUGAR
Country. Tons.*
Cane
United States 1,105,000
Central America 21,000
Mexico 130,000
Cuba * 1,700,000
Other West Indies 316,000
South America 684,000
Europe (Spain) 16,000
British India 1,800,000
Formosa 130,000
Java 1,185,000
State or country. Pounds.
Austria-Hungary 18,300,000
Belgium 2,500,000
France 3,000,000
Germany 13,356,000
Netherlands 158,000
Russia 8,125,000
PRODUCTION OF THE WORLD
Country. Tons.*
Philippines 145,000
Africa 395,000
Oceania 217,328
Total cane sugar
Beet-
United States
Canada
Austria-Hungary
Belgium
France
7,844,328
457,562
8,802
1,260,000
250.000
825,000
State or country. Pounds.
England 24,022.000
Total Europe 69,461,000
Australia 1,534,000
New Zealand 941,000
Grand total .107,936,000
(1909-10).
Country. Tons.*
Germany 2,040,000
Netherlands 200,000
Russia 1,150,000
Other countries 460.000
Total beet sugar 6,651,364
Total cane and beet 14,495,692
*Tons o2 2,240 pounds, except
btet sugar in Europe, which is
in metric tons of 2,204.622 pounds.
FLAX CROP OF THE WORLD
Country. Seed. bu.
United States 25,805,000
Canada 1 499 000
(1908).
Fiber, Ibs.
Yield,
State or ter. Acres. bu. Bushels. Value.
Texas 8,150,000 15.0 122,250,000 92,910,000
Utah 13,000 31.4 408,000 355,000
Mexico 150,000
South America 44,056,000
Europe 21,237,000
i'sSS'oSs'.OOO
82,785,000
Vermont 65,000 37.0 2,405,000 1,756,000
Virginia 2,040,000 23.2 47,328,000 35,023,000
Washington . 15,000 27.8 417,000 359,000
W. Virginia.. 880,000 31.4 27,632,000 20,448,000
Wisconsin ... 1,533,000 33.0 50,589,000 30,353,000
Wyoming .... 5,000 28.0 140,000 109,000
Asia 7,970,000
Africa 12,000
1,940,840,000
S UNITED
Bushels.
... 166,000
. . . 424,000
FLAXSEED PRODUCTION OF THI
STATES (1909).
State. Bushels. State.
Wisconsin 290,000 Nebraska ...
Un. States... 108,771,000 25.5 2,772,376,000 1,652,822,000
TOBACCO PRODUCTION OF THE UNITED
STATES (1909).
State. Acreage. Pounds. Value.
New Hampshire 100 170,000 $25,000
Iowa 382,000 Oklahoma ..
72,000
Missouri 232,000 Montana ...
North Dakota... 22,340,000
... 192,000
39 466 000
Massachusetts 4,400 7,040*000 985*600
Connecticut 13,400 22,110,000 3,648,150
CORN PRODUCTION OF THE UNITE
(1909).
Yield,
State or ter. Acres. bu. Bushels.
Alabama .... 3,233,000 13.5 43,646.000
Arizona 12,000 32.1 417,000
Arkansas 2,800,000 18.0 50,400.000
California ... 50,000 34.8 1,740.000
Colorado 135,000 24.2 3,267.000
Connecticut . 60,000 41.0 2,460,000
Delaware .... 200,000 31.0 6,200,000
Florida 665,000 12.6 8,379,000
Georgia 4,400,000 13.9 .61,160,000
Idaho 6 000 30 6 184,000
D STATES
Value.
$37,099,000
417.000
36,288,000
1,583.000
2,287.000
1,845,000
3,596.000
6.955,000
52,598,000
138,000
192,280,000
98,260,000
142,002,000
83,282.000
64.153.000
35,327.000
517,000
14.287.000
1,447,000
42,670,000
28,818,000
33.003,000
126,166,000
150,000
97,030.000
800.000
6.733.000
1,915,000
17.849.000
41,383.000
3,325.000
85,715.000
55,632.000
418.000
34,160,000
354,000
33.337.000
32,635.000
55,055,000
Pennsylvania ...,...;... 41.200 30,732,000 2,765,880
Maryland 25000 17750000 1473250
Virginia 155000 120125000 10210625
West Virginia 14400 12.600000 1663200
North Carolina 240,000 144000000 13680000
South Carolina 40 000 32 000 000 2 336 000
Georgia 2100 1470000 '499*800
Florida 4 500 3 195*000 1 086 300
Ohio 90000 83*250000 8*741*250
Indiana 20,000 19*000000 2*090*000
Illinois 1500 1125000 123750
Wisconsin 31,500 37170*000 3419*640
Missouri 5.000 4,425.000 575250
Kentucky 420.000 350700000 37174200
Tennessee 73000 53290000 4156620
Illinois 10,300,000 35.9 369,770.000
Indiana 4,913.000 40.0 196,520.000
Jowa 9200000 31.5 289,800,000
Alabama 600 360000 104400
Mississippi 100 i>0 000 13 000
Louisiana 400 220,000 81400
Kansas 7.750,000 19.9 154,225.000
Kentucky ... 3,568,000 29.0 103,472,000
Louisiana ... 2,226,000 23.0 51,198,000
Maine 17,000 38.0 646.000
Maryland ... 700,000 31.4 21,980.000
Massach'settS 47,000 38.0 1.786,000
Michigan 1,976,000 35.4 69.950.000
Minnesota ... 1,690,000 34.8 58,812,000
Mississippi .. 2.810,000 14.5 40.745,000
Missouri 8,100,000 26.4 213,840.000
Montana .... 5,000 35.0 175,000
Nebraska .... 7,825.000 24.8 194,060.000
N. Hampshire 30.000 35.1 1,053,000
New Jersey.. 290,000 32.7 9,483,000
New Mexico.. 68,000 31.3 2,128,000
New York... 670,000 36.0 24,120,000
N. Carolina.. 2.898.000 16.8 48,686,000
North Dakota 195.000 31.0 6,045,000
Ohio 3.875.000 39.5 153062,000
T^xas 1 000 650 000 170 300
Arkansas 900 640000 81000
1,180,300 949,357,000 95,719,365
TOBACCO CROP OF THE WORLD (1908).
Country. Pounds. Country. Pounds.
United States 728.061,000 Germany 74,067,000
Canada 11.267.000 Greece 7,700,000
Cuba 66650000 Italv 15000000
Guatemala .. 1.300.000 Netherlands... 1.700,000
Mexico 22.750,000 Roumania ... 16.099.000
Santo Domingo 16.700,000 Russia 207.948.000
Argentina ... 31.000.000 Servia 1,732.000
Bolivia 3.000.000 Sweden 2.300,000
Brazil 32130000 Turkey 100000000
Chile 8,803000 Brit India 450000000
Ecuador 122.000 Dutch E.Indies 123.762.000
Paraguay 10.000.000 Japanese em.. 100.428.000
Peru 1.500.000 Philippines .. 40.431,000
Anstria-Hur.g. 156,039.000 Africa 23.528,000
Belgium 19.476.000 Oceania 1,007,000
Oklahoma ... 5,950.000 17.0 101,150,000
Oregon 17,000 30.7 522.000
Pennsylvania. 1,525,000 32.0 48,800,000
Rhode Island 11.000 32.2 365,000
S. Carolina.. 2.218.000 16.7 37.041,000
South Dakota 2,059,000 31.7 65,270,000
Tennessee ... 3,575,000 22.0 76,650,000
Denmark .... 160,000 Total 2,324,486,000
France 40,810,000
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1911.
149
RYE CROP OF Tl
Country. Bushels.
United States 32,239,000
Canada , , 1,715,000
Mexico 70,000
3E WORLD (1909J.
Country. Bushels.
Norway 988,000
Wool,
Shoep of washed and Wool,
April 1. unwashed, scoured.
State or territory. Pounds. Pounds.
North Carolina 204,000 816,000 473,280
South Carolina 50 000 200 000 116 000
Koumania ... 3,090,000
Russia (Eu.). 877,168,000
Austria-Hung. 162,052,000
Belgium 20,000,000
Bulgaria 5,000,000
Denmark 18,000,000
Finlatid 11000,000
Spain 34,901,000
Sweden 25,728,000
Georgia 225,000' 731,250 438,750
P'lorida 110,000 357,500 214,500
Untd. kingdom 1,954,000
Asia (Russia) 19,667,000
Australasia .. 201,000
Indiana 850,000 5,525,000 3,038,750
France 56,643,000
Germany 446,767,000
Italy 3,000,000
Illinois 700,000 4,725.000 2,315,250
Michigan 1,500,000 10,125.000 4,961,250
Total 1,736,683,000
Wisconsin 850,000 5,525.000 2,873,000
Netherlands... 15,000,000
Iowa 700,000 4,725,000 2,409,750
OAT CROP OF Tl
United States.1,007,353,000
Canada .... 375,558,000
Mexico 17,000
IE WORLD (1909).
Norway 10,339,000
Roumania . . . 25,945,000
Russia (Eu-). 1,067,668,000
Missouri 873,860 5,680,090 2,953,647
North Dakota 275,000 1,787500 715000
South Dakota 650,000 4.225.000 1,690.000
Nebraska 275,000 1,787,500 677,250
Kansas 170,000 1,190,000 421,400
Kentucky 750,000 3.750.000 2,287,500
Belgium 40,000,000
Bulgaria 12,000,000
Denmark 39,000,000
Finland 18,000,000
France 339,743,000
Germany 628,718,000
Italy 16,000,000
Spain 34,307,000
Sweden 69,292,000
Untd. kingdom 184,528,000
Asia 78,105,000
Tennessee 291.000 1,251,300 750,780
Alabama 170,000 552,500 331,500
Mississippi 160,000 600,000 348,000
Louisiana 155.000 573,500 332,630
Africa 16,743,000
Australasia .. 36,157,000
Oklahoma 80,000 520,000 166,400
Arkansas 220,000 935,000 551,650
Netherlands... 19,000,000
Total 4,295,865,000
Montana 5,000.000 35,000.000 13.300,000
Wyoming 4,800,000 38,400,000 12,288,000
BARLEY CROP OF
United States 170,284,000
Canada 55,398,000
Mexico 7,000,000
THE WORLD (1909).
Norway 2,885,000
Roumauia .... 19,955,000
Russia (Eu.).. 464,733,000
New Mexico 825000 5197500 1819125
Arizona 3,200,000 19.200.000 6,720,000
Utah 2,200,000 14,850,000 5,049,000
Nevada 875,000 6,562.500 2,034,375
Idaho 2,800,000 21,000.000 7,140,000
Belgium 5,000,000
Bulgaria 12,000,000
Denmark 21,000,000
Spain 81,579,000
Sweden 13,900,000
Untd. kingdom 71,148.000
Washington 450.000 4.275.000 1,325.250
Oregon 1,850,000 15.725,000 4,874,750
California 1,900.000 13,300,000 4,522,000
BYance 47,782,000
Germany 160,552,000
Africa 59,187,000
Australasia .. 5,139,000
United States 42,293,205 287,110,749 113,523,785
Pulled wool 41,000000 28700000
Netherlands... 4,000,000
Total 1 477 789 000
Total product 190? 328,110,749 142,223,785
WORLD'S PRODUCTION OF COTTON FOR
MILL USE.
[From report of United States census bureau.]
1909. 1908. 1907.
Country. Bales.* Bales. Bales.
United States .". 9863000 13002000 10882385
SHEEP AND WOOL IN
Shee
Apr!
State or territory.
Maine 210
UNITED STATES (1909).
Wool,
r> of washed and Wool,
I 1. unwashed, scoured.
Pounds. Pounds.
,000 1,260,000 756,000
,000 434,000 217,000
,000 1,170,000 573,300
,000 210,000 121,800
,500 39,750 23,055
,000 190,000 110,200
,000 4,950,000 2,524,500
,000 242,000 128.26C
,000 6,000,000 3,120,000
.900 39,675 21,821
,000 625.000 343,750
,000 1,642,500 1,018,350
,945 3,380,684 1,724,149
British India 3602000 2914000 2444800
New Hampshire 7(
Vermont 180
Egypt 911000 1275000 1296000
Russia 720 000 846 000 620 000
China 600,000 600000 428000
Rhode Island 7
Brazil 360,000 425000 37000 
