REMOTE STORAGE
THE UNIVERSITY
OF ILLINOIS
LIBRARY
HISTORICAL 8URVX
[THIRTY-THIRD YEAR]
-3 1C AJlf k
THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS
ALMANAC
AND YEAR-BOOK
FOR
1917
COMPILED BY JAMES LANGLAND, M. A.
ISSUED BY
I
THE CHICAGO DAILY NEWS COMPANY
[Copyright, 1916, by The Chicago Daily News Company.]
PREFACE.
Many things of more than ordinary importance occurred in
1916 concerning which information will often be required in
the months and years to come. To a large extent this infor-
mation will be found in the present issue of the Almanac and
Year-Book. It is not possible to enumerate here all the sub-
jects dealt with in the volume, but the following may be men-
tioned:
The European war, with its tremendous battles on land and
sea, its huge cost in men and money, its cabinet upheavals and
its diplomatic disputes. Much space is devoted to telling the
year's developments in this mighty struggle.
The awakening of America to its lack of national defense.
All the essential facts in the "preparedness" campaign are
given. Congress passed bills intended to strengthen the army
and navy. These and other measures in the same direction are
given either in full or in slightly condensed form.
The railway eight hour controversy. The Adamson law and
the circumstances under which it was passed aroused wide-
spread comment, and the indications are that the matter will
continue to be a topic of discussion for some time to come.
Th^ inlands of the railroad brotherhoods, the position taken
; 'resident Wilson and the action taken by congress are
given in detail.
The presidential campaign. The story of each national
party convention is told, each party platform is published in
full, and comprehensive election tables from every state in the
union are presented.
The Mexican-American crisis. The events which brought
the two countries to the verge of war are described.
To make room for data relating to these and innumerable
other matters, the size of the book has been increased by
thirty-two pages. The index has also been amplified.
Germany 157
Gettysburg Park 69
Gifts and Bequests 400
Gifts to Education 145
Gin Produced 152
Glacier Park 69
Gold Coinage by Nations 329
Gold Coinage, U. S.. by Yrs. 331
Gold Coinage, World, by Yrs. 331
Gold, Fineness of 123
Gold, Imports, Exports 83
Gold, London Price 329
Gold Produced by States 330
Gold Produced, by Years.... 330
Gold, StocK of. in U. S 330
Gold, World Production 329
Golf 365, 672
Good Templars 315
Goritz, Capture of 530
Government Expenses 336
Government Finances 337
Government, 111. Cities 566
Government. National 277
Government of Cities 123
Government of Illinois 542
Government of Philippines.. 190
Governors of States 420
Govt. Officials in Chicago... 624
Government Officials, U. S. 277
Government Printing Office. 280
Government Receipts 336
Governments, Foreign 154
Governments in Chicago 541
Governors Impeached 336
Governors of Illinois 564
Grace, Days of S8
Grain Inspectors, Illinois 548
Grain Standards Act 193
Grand Army, Illinois 565
Gfand Army of Republic 319
Granite City Manufactures. 576
Grant, General, Park 69
Graphite Production 57
Gravity. Specific. Table....". 36
Great Britain 154
Great Britain, Wealth 121
Greece 158
Greece and the War 531
Greek Calendar 16
Greeks in United States.... 97
Gregory, T. W.. Portrait 276
Grindstones Produced 57
Growth U. S. Population... 89
Guam 394
Guam, Population 86
Guard, National, by States. 343
Guard, National, Called Out 537
Guard, National Composit'n 219
Guard, National, Illinois... 5S9
Guatemala 162
Gum, Money Spent for 53
Gunboats, U. S 351
Gypsum Produced 57
Haiti 163
Haiti, Treaty with 163
Hall of Fame, American 68
Hammond Library 640
Hammond Torpedo 204
Hangings in Cook County.. 606
Harbor Bureau 613
Harvard-Yale Races 374
Harvest Moon 29
Harvest, Wheat. Calendar.. 137
Hawaii National Park 69
Hawaii Park Act 195
Hawaii, Population 86, 101
Hawaii. Territory 394
Hay Army Bill Fight 203
Hay Army Bill. Text of.... 204
Hay Crop by States 134
Hay Crop by Years 131
Health Department 615
Health. State Board 548
Heavens, Chart of 24
Hebrew Calendar 16
Height Famous Structures.. 126
Heights, Normal ............. 37
Hibernians. Ancient Order.. 315
High Buildings, Chicago.... 643
High Buildings, New York 67
High School Colors ......... 686
Highest and Lowest Places
Highest Mountains ..........
Highest Points in States...
Highway Dept., Illinois ____
Hill, J. J., Death of ......
Historical Association, Am.
Historical Events, Recent..
Historical Society Library.. 639
Historical Society, National. 327
Historical Society. State... 569
Hockey 371
Holidays in United States... 74
Holland 160
Home, National Soldiers' 341
Homeopathic Med. Ass'n. 111. 569
Homeopathicians, Soc. of 327
Homeopathy, Am. Institute. 325
Homes in United States 107
Homes. State, Value 121
Honduras 162
Hoof and Mouth Disease.... 164
Hop Crop of World 130
Hops, International Trade.. 138
Horse Racing 361
Horse Racing. Chicago 672
Horses in United States.... 136
Horseshoers, Examiners of.. 549
Horticultural Society, 111.... 548
Hospital, County 604
Hospital Ships, U. S 352
Hospitals, Insane in 110
Hospitals of Chicago 663
Hospitals, State. Value 121
Hot Springs Reservation 69
Hotels in Chicago 66!
Hottest Days in Chicago... 6.3
House Number System 726
House of Representatives. 286, 290
House, Speakers of 412
Houston, D. F., Portrait... 276
Humane Association. Am 327
Humane Officers, Illinois.... 549
Humane Society. Illinois.... 569
Hungarians in United States 97
Hungary 156
Hunter's Moon 29
Hunting Accidents 421
Hydrographic Office, Chicago 624
Hymns, National j.... 467
Idaho, State Officers 430
Idaho. Vote of 4RO
Ice Skating 378
Ice Skating, Chicago 671
Illinois Assessment 599
Illinois Centennial 564
Illinois Charities Com 547
Illinois Charity Dependents 606
Illinois Cities, Government.. 566
Illinois Cities. Population... 563
Illinois Civil List 546
Illinois Congressional Dists.. 558
111. Counties, Facts About.. 578
Illinois County Officers 551
111. Equal Suffrage Ass'n... 677
Illinois Farm Property 540
Illinois, Government of.
Illinois, Governors of
... 542
534
. 595
573
569
56!*
546
Illinois Legislative Vote
Illinois Manufactures
Illinois National Guard
Illinois Naval Reserve
Illinois Officials
Illinois Officials, Portraits.. 545
Illinois. Paupers in ........... 542
Illinois, Population ........... 556
Illinois Primary Law ......... 576
111. Rep. Woman's League. 696
Illinois Senatorial Dists.. 561. 562
Illinois Senators, 111 ......... 578
Illinois State Associations.. 569
111. State Cent. Committees 570
Illinois State Boards 550
Illinois, State Officers... 433, 546
Illinois University 546
Illinois, Vote of 480
Illinois Vote, Popular 579
111. Weights, Measures 577
Illiteracy in United States 112
Illiterate Minors. Chicago.. 714
Immigration Bureau 279
Immigration Bureau. Chicago 624
Immigration Law 299
Immigration Statistics 124
Impeachment Cases 336
Imports by Articles 78
Imports by Continents 85
Imports by Countries 83
Imports by Groups 81
Imports by Years 82
Imports, Chicago 690
Imports, Duties Collected 85
Imports, Gold, Silver 83
Imports of Merchandise 78
Improvements. Board Local. 614
Immigrants, Destination 124
Income Tax. British 401
Income Tax Rates 179
Income Tax Receipts 396
Index, Previous Issues 748
India 154
India, Wealth of 121
Indian Affairs, Office 280
Indian Population (1910) 91
Indian Population (1915) 126
Indian Reservations 126
Indian Rignts Ass'n 328
Indiana, State Officers 434
Indiana. Vote of 433
Industrial Board, Illinois.... 550
Industries, Chicago 574
Industries. Illinois 573
Industries in U. S 415
Industries, Mobilization pf... 227
Industries, Persons in 123
Infant Mortality, Associa-
tion, Study 326
Infantile Paralysis 398
Infusorial Earth Produced.. 57
Inheritance Tax. Illinois...'.' 572
Inheritance Tax, U. S 180
Inmates Illinois Charitable
Institutions 606
Insane in Hospitals 110
Insane, Statistics of .'. 110
Inspectors Steam Vessels,
Chicago 624
Institute Arts, Letters 407
Institute Criminal Law, 111. 569
Instructors in Universities.. 146
Insurance, Marine 49
Insurance Statistics 41
Intercollegiate Pro. Ass'n.. 328
Internal Revenue Depart-
ment, Chicago 624
Internal Revenue 'Receipts. 394
Internal Revenue Receipts,
Chicago 692
International Date Line 33
International Disputes, So-
ciety for Settlement 534
International Reform Bureau 328
Interest, Points of, Chicago. 734
Interest Tables 37
Interior Department 286
Interior, Secretaries of 77
Interstate Commerce Com... 280
Interurban Lines, Chicago... 740
Inventions, American 47
Inventions. Foreign 47
Investment Bankers' Ass'n.. 328
Iowa. State Officers 436
Iowa, Vote of 434
Ireland. Revolt in 481
Irish in United States 97
Iron, Pi?. Produced 57
Iron Rails Produced 59
Irrigation Statistics 71
Italian Campaign 530
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Italian-Turkish War 422
Italians in United States... 97
Italy 158
Italy, Earthquake in 65
Italy, Navy of 346
Jacksonville Manufactures.. 576
Japan 160
Japan, Navy of 346
Japanese in United States. 97
Japanese Population, U. S. 91
Japanese-Russian Treaty.... 256
Japanese-Russian War 422
Jersey City Fire 66
Jewish Calendar 16
Joliet Manufactures 576
Joliet, 111.. Population 563
Judges, Circuit, Chicago 623
Judges, Circuit, U. S 281
Judges. Illinois County o51
Judges, Municipal 624
Judges, Municipal, Vote.... 593
Judges, Superior 623
Judges, U. S. District 282
Judicial Election, June 595
Judiciary, Federal 281
Jupiter in 1917 29
Jupiter. Planet 25
Jury Commission 603
Jutland, Battle of 470
Juvenile Court 623
Kaiser Wilhelm Canal.. . 30
Kankakee Manufactures.. 576
Kansas State Officers 437
Kansas, Vote of 436
Kenesaw Monument Com. 549
Kentucky, State Officers. 438
Kentucky, Vote of 437
Kewanee Manufactures... 576
Khiva 161
Kiel Canal 30
King's Daughters and Sons. 309
Kings. Pay of 422
Kingston Earthquake 65
Kitchener, Lord Death 470
Knights of Columbus 315
Knights of Pythias 314
Knights Templars 313
Kongo, Belgian 161
Korea v 161
Kronstadt Canal 30
Kut-el-Amara Disaster 530
Labor, Am. Federation 4">9
Labor, Bureau of, Illinois.. 549
Labor, Child, Law 192
Labor Department 279
Labor Federation. Chicago.. 647
Labor, Illinois Federation.. 569
Labor, Secretaries of 77
Labor Statistics, Bureau.... 279
Ladies of the G. A. R 320
Ladies of the G. A. R., 111. 565
Lake Mohonk Conference 3 "8
Lake Trade, Chicago 688
Lakes. Area and Depth 53
Land Banks, Federal 241
Land Office. General 280
Land per Inhabitant 103
Lands, Farm, Value 139
Lands, Irrigated 71
Lands, Public 142
Lane, F. K., Portrait 276
Language. Population by.... 100
Lansing on Mexican Crisis.. 535
Lansine, Robert, Portrait... 276
Lard, Prices 738
LaSalle Manufactures 576
Lassen Park Act 19 r .
Lassen Volcanic Park 69
Latitude of Chicago 642
Laundries, Steam 198
Law Examiners. Illinois 546
Law Institute Library 640
Law and Order Assn's 630
Laws, Building, Commission 549
Laws,. Commis'n on Uniform 546
Laws Passed by Congress.. 179
Lead Produced 57
League Am. Municipalities.. 328
League to Enforce Peace 325
Learned Societies in Chicago 653
Learned Societies, U. S 326
Leelanaw Case..... 499
Legal Holidays 74
Legations, Foreign in U. S. 296
Legislation by Congress.... 179
Leglislative Reference Bur.. 546
Legislative Voters' League. 696
Leglisature, 111.. Members.. 552
Leglisature, Spec'l Sessions. 541
Legislature, Vote on 595
Legislatures of States 420
Length of Chicago 642
Lent Begins 15
Lewis Institute Library 640
Liberia .". 161
Libraries in Chicago 638
Library Ass'n, American 326
Library Ass'n, Illinois 569
Library Extension, Illinois.. 547
Library. Historical, Illinois.. 547
Library, Municipal Refer'ce 615
Library of Congress 73
Library, State 547
License Rates. Chicago 694
License Receipts, Chicago... 621
Licenses, Saloon, in Cities.. 126
Life Insurance 41
Life Saving Service 52
Life Tables. U. S 42, 43
Light, Boston, Anniversary.. 353
Lighting, Street, Chicago... 674
Lighthouses, Bureau of 279
Lights. Street, in Chicago... 642
Lime Produced 57
Limitations, Statute of 38
Lincoln Homestead 69
Lincoln Homestead Act .,195
Lincoln Manufactures 576
Lincoln Memorial Commiss'n 43
Lincoln Park 654
Liquor Consumed 152
Liquor Traffic in Cities 126
Liquors Produced 152
Live Stock Breeders' Ass'n.. 548
Live Stock C'missioners, 111. 548
Live Stock on Illinois Farms 569
Live Stock, U. S. (1916) . . . ' 136
Live Stock, U. S., Value.... 119
Living, Cost of 397
Loan Associations 100
Loan. Federal Farm, Act.... 241
Local Election Calendar 599
lodge (Mexico) Resolution.. 153
Lodging House Inspection 549
Lodging House. Municipal... 617
Longitude of Chicago 642
Losses in Spanish-Am. War. 325
Louisiana, State Officers.... 439
Louisiana, Vote of 438
Loyal Legion 320
Lusitania Disaster 302
Lutheran Denomination 307
Lynchings in U. S 273
Maccabees 315
Machinery, U. S.. Value 119
Madagascar 161
Mails, Interference with.... 505
Maine, State Officers ,439
Maine, Vote of 439
Maize, Milo 141
Males of Militia Age 94
Malt Liquor Consumed 152
Manchester Ship Canal 30
Manganese Ore Produced... 57
Manitoba, Crops of 130
Manufactures, Chicago 574
Manufactures, Illinois 573
Manufactures, Illinois Cities 575
Manufactures in U. S 415
Manufacturing. Persons in. 123
Maple Sirup and Sugar 132
Maps, Bureau of % . 614
Marine Corps Increase 233
Marine Corps Reserve 232
Marine Corps Train. Camps 233
Marine Disasters 399
Marine Engineers, Society... 327
Marine Hospital, Chicago... 624
Marine Insurance 41
Marine. U. S.-, Law 187
Mariner's Measure 48
Marshal. IT. S., Chicago 624
Marshall, T. R., Portrait. ~. 276
Marshals, U. S 283
Marriage Anniversaries 45
Marriage Laws 68
Marriage Statistics 66
Married Population 95
Mars in 1917 29
Mars, Planet 25
Martinique, Eruption in 65
Maryland. State Officers 440
Maryland, Vote of 439
Masonic Bodies 313
Massachusetts, State Officers 441
Massachusetts, Vote of 440
Mathematical Ass'n, Am 327
Mathematical Society, Am.. 326
Mattoon Manufactures 576
Mayflower Descendants. Soc. 322
Mayor, Vote for, Since 1871. 580
Mayor's Office 612
Mayors of Chicago 651
Mayors of Large Cities 419
Mayors, Terms. Pay 125
May wood Public Library 640
McAdoo, Wm. G., Portrait.. 276
McKinley Souvenir Dollar... 197
McKinley Tariff 177
McLeniore Resolution 475
Measures and Weights 35
Mechanical Engineers, Am.
Society 327
Mechanics, United Am 316
Medal of Honor Act 196
Median Lines, Population.89, 90
Mediation. Board of 328
Medical Ass'n, American 326
Medical School, Gifts for.... 720
Medico- Psychological Ass'n.. 326
Memphis. Wreck of 172
Mendelssohn Club 653
Merchantmen, Armed, and
Submarines 491
Merchandise, Exports 79
Merchandise, Imports 78
Merchant Marine. U. S.... 50
Mercury in 1917 28
Mesa Verde Park 69
Message, President's 417
Messages, Telegraph, Sent... 46
Methodist Church 304
Metric Measures 35
Metropolitan Districts 86
Mexicans in United States. 97
Mexico 161
Mexico and United States. 535
Mexico, Lodge Resolution. ..' 153
Mexico, Relief, U. S. Citi-
zens 197
Mica Produced 57
Michigan Copper Production 142
Michigan, State Officers 442
Michigan, Vote of 441
Microscopical Society, Am... 326
Midshipmen. Increase of.... 234
Milan Cathedral. Height.... 123
Military Acad. Cadets, More 233
Military Academy, U. S 344
Military Expenses Act 196
Military Training Camps 203
Military Training League.... 325
Militia Age, Males of 94
Militia and Array 343
Militia Bureau, War Dept. 222
Militia, Drafting. Act 196
Militia, Naval, by States.... 343
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Militia, U. S.. Called Out.. 537
Milk. Pasteurization 62
Milk Production 170
Mills Tariff 177
Mine Disasters in 1916 400
Minn Inspectors, State 550
Mine Rescue Station Com.. 550
Mineral Paints Produced.... 57
Mineral Waters Produced... 57
Miners' Examining Board 550
Mines, Accidents in 59
Mines. Bureau of 280
Mines in United States 58
Mining Board. Illinois 550
Mining Disasters, Great.... 299
Mining Engineers. Am. Inst. 32'3
Mining Investigation Com'... 550
Ministers, United States.... 293
Minnesota, State Officers 444
Minnesota, Vote of 442
Minors, Employment of... . 714
Mints, U. S. Coinage 345
Mississippi Centennial 197
Mississippi, State Officers . 445
Mississippi. Vote of 444
Missouri, State Officers... . 446
Missouri, Vote of 445
Mobilization of Industries... 227
Modern Woodmen 314
Mohammedan Calendar 16
Molasses Production 131
Molde Fire 85
Moline Manufactures 576
Monetary Units 331
Money and Finance 329
Money, Coins, U. S 178
Money in Circulation. U. S. 352
Money per Capita, World 331
Money of the World 331
Monroe Doctrine 153
Months, Flower Symbols.... 109
Months, Gem Symbols 109
Montana, State Officers 446
Montana. Vote of 446
Montenegro 158
Monuments, Chicago 716
Monuments, National 69
Moon, Light and Dark 26
Moon's Positions 25
Morocco 161
Morrison Tariff 177
Mortality Statistics. Chicago 675
Mortality Statistics, U. S... 117
Mortality Tables 42, 43
Mother Tongue. Popul'n by 100
Mother Tongues, Illinois 599
Mothers, Congress of 328
Motor Racing 386
Motorcycle Records 388
Motorcycling. Chicago 671
Motoring , 671
Motors, Rules for 686
Mottoes, State 284
Mount Rainier Park 69
Mountains, High, in U. S 165
Mountains. Highest 70
Mules in United States 136
Multiplication Table 45
Municipal Court 624
Municipal League, National 328
Municipal Pension Fund 637'
Municipal Reference Library 640
Municipal Voters' League.... 696
Municipalities. League Am.. 328
Munitions Plants Board 227
Munitions. Tax 182
Museum, Field 649
Music in Chicago 652
Music Publishing 75
Music Teachers' Ass'n, 111. .569
Mystic Shrine, Nobles 314
National Council of Women. 328
National Defense Movement. 199
National Guard. Composition 219
National Education Ass'n... 327
National Naval Volunteers.. 232
National Park Service 195
National Parks 63
National Security League... 324
National Union 315
National Wealth, U. S 119
Nations. Wealth of 121
Nativity of Population 99
Naturalists, Am. Society 327
Naturalization, Bureau 279
Naturalization Laws 411
Nature Study Society, Am.. 32G
Naval Academy, U. S 344
Naval Appropriations 204
Naval Architects, Society 327
Naval Coast Reserve.... 232
Naval Consulting Board 347
Naval Flying Corps 230
Naval Losses in War 471
Naval Militia by States 343
Naval Pay Table 345
Naval Reserve Flying Corps 232
Naval Reserve Force 231
Naval Reserve, Illinois 569
Naval Volunteer Reserve 232
Iaval Volunteers, National. 232
Navigation, Bureau of 279
Navies Compared 346
Navies of the World 347
Navies, Personnel of 347
Navies, Principal 346
Navy and Naval Militia... J 343
Navy Bill in Congress 203
Navy Department. 278
Navy League, Mid- West 566
Navy League of U. S 325
Navy Medal of Honor Act... 196
Navy, Officers of 348
Navy, Secretaries of 77
Navy. United States 348
Navy. U. S., Act to Increase 229
Navy Yards. Additional.. 230, 233
Nebraska, State Officers 448
Nebraska, Vote of 447
Necrology 402
Negro Life Table 43
Negro Population 91
Negroes in Cities 91
Netherlands 160
N. Hampshire, State Officers 448
New Hampshire, Vote of..
New Jersey, State Officers.
New Jersey, Vote of
New Mexico, State Officers
New Mexico. Vote of
New York, Big Buildings in
New York, Population by
Boroughs 105
New York. State Officers.... 452
New York. Vote of 450
Nevada, State Officers 448
Nevada, Vote .of 448
New Zealand. Wealth , 121
Newberry Library 639
Newspaper Publishers' Ass'n 398
Newspaper Publishing 75
Newspapers in America.... 41
Newspapers in Chicago 642
Nicaragua 162
Nicaragua Canal Treaty.... 127
Nicknames, State 108
Nitrate Supply 228
Nobel Prize Winners 318
Nobles of Mystic Shrine.... 314
Nominating Conventions, Na-
tional 249
Noon, Sidereal 26
Normal Schools. Illinois 546
Normal University. Illinois. 546
North America. Population. 102
N. Carolina. State Officers.. 45.,
North Carolina, Vote of 452
North Dakota. State Officers 453
North Dakota. Vote of 453
Northwestern Univ. Libraries 640
Norway 158
Norwegians in U. S 97
Note, Am., on Deportations 483
Noted Dead 300
Numerals, Roman, Arabic... 85
Numismatic Society, Am 326
Nurseries, Day, in Chicago. 664
Nurses, Examiners, Illinois. 549
Nut Production 141
Oak Park Library 640
Oak Park Manufactures 576
Oat Prices, Chicago 740
Oat Crop by States 133
Oat Crop of World 129
Oat Crop by Years 131
Obituary 402
Oceans, Area and Depth.... 53
Ocean Steamships. Great 248
Oceania, Population 102
Occupations in U. S 122
Officers, Regimental 340
Officials, Chicago 611, 612
Officials, Cook County 603
Officials, Govt., in Chicago. 624
Officials, Government, U. S. 277
Officials, Illinois 546
Officials. Terms of 692
Oglesby Monument Com 549
Ohio, State Officers 455
Ohio, Vote of 453
Oil Cake. Internat'l Trade.. 137
Oil Inspector 617
Oil, Petroleum, Produced... 51
Oilstones Produced 57
Oklahoma, State Officers 456
Oklahoma, Vote of 455
Old Chgo. Business Houses 641
Old Residents of Chicago.. 698
Olympian Records 383
Ontario Forest Fires 67
Opera in Chicago 652
Ophthalmological Soc., Am.. 326
Optometry, State Board, 111. 54?
Orders Conferred on Chi-
cagoans 6S, 4
Oregon, State Officers 456
Oregon, Vote of 456
Oriental Society, Am 326
Orphans, French, Relief for 531
Osteopathic Ass'n. Am. ., 326
Owners in Industries 123
Oxford-Cambridge Races 374
Packing in Chicago 732
Packing, Pork, Statistics... 41
Palm Sunday 15
Panama 162
Panama Canal 54
Panama Canal Tolls 55
Panama Canal Traffic 56
Panama Canal Zone 394
Panama Railroad 56
Panama Zone Population 86
Panics, Theater 49
Paper, Manufacture of 312
Paper, Printing, Duties.... 184
Parades, Preparedness 202
Paraguay 162
Paralysis, Infantile "398
Parcel Post Rates 413
Pardons. State Board 550
Park Areas by Wards 658
Park, Nat'l, Service Act.... 195
Parks and Boulevards 654
Parks. National 69
Parks. Small. Chicago 657
Party Conventions. 1880-1916, 269
Party Lines in Congress 423
Passengers. Ocean 124
Pasteurization of Milk 62
Patent Office 280
Patent Office Statistics 63
Patents. Applications for.. 63
Patriotic Education Society. 325
Patriotic Societies 319
Patriotic Societies, Illinois.. 565
Paupers, Age of 109
Paupers, Foreign Born 109
Paupers in Almshouses 109
10
ALMANAC AND YEAE-BOOK FOR 1917.
Paupers in Illinois ........... 542
Paymaster's Bureau ......... 613
Payne- Aldrich Tariff ......... 177
Pea Crop of World ......... f 130
Peace, League to Enforce.. 325
Pedestrianism ............... 390
Pediatric Society, Am ....... 326
Pekin (111.) Manufactures... 576
Pelee. Mont, Eruption ...... 65
Penitentiaries, State ......... 550
Penitentiary Building Com.. 550
Pennant Winners, Baseball.. 355
Pension Commission, 111.... 550
Pension Fund, Municipal ____ 637
Pension Office ................ 280
Pension Statistics ............ 534
Pennsylvania, State Officers 458
Pennsylvania, Vote of ...... 457
Peoples Gas Co. Finances... 732
Peoria, 111., Population ...... 564
Peoria Manufactures ......... 576
Periodical Publishing ......... 75
Periods of Time ............. 15
Persia ........................ 161
Persia, Sinking of ........... 473
Peru .......................... 162
Petroleum Produced ........ 51, 57
Pharmacy, Board of. 111 ____ 548
Phila. City Hall, Height.. 126
Philatelic Society, National 327
Philippine War .......... . ____ 422
Philippines ................. . 393
Philippines, Gov't of ........ 190
Philippines. Population ...... 86
Philological Ass'n, Am ...... 326
Philosophical Society, Am.. 327
Phosphate Rock .............. 57
Physical Society, Am ........ 327
Physician, County ............ 604
Physicians, Society, Am ____ 327
Pig Iron Produced ........... 57
Pioneers, Deaths of ......... 702
Pioneers of Chicago .......... 698
Pioneers, Societies of ........ 649
Pistol Shooting ............... 391
Planets, Pacts About ........ 29
Planets, Positions of ........ 25
Planets, Visibility of ........ 30
Platforms, National Party.. 357
Platinum Produced ........... 57
Platt National Park ......... 69
Playgrounds, Chicago ........ 658
Playground Association ...... 328
Poets Laureate, English.... 118
Points of Interest, Chicago.. 734
Polar Record .................. 167
Police Chiefs, Chicago ....... 716
Police Department ........... 616
Police Depts. of Cities. ...". 125
Police Districts. Stations... 678
Police, Work of .............. 678
Police Work, by Years ....... 6SO
Policewomen In Cities ....... 126
Poliomyelitis ................. 398
Polish Kingdom Restored... 528
Political Ass'ns. Chicago... 696
Political Committees, Nat'l 270
Political Equality League,
Chicago ..................... 696
Political Record of States. 273
Political Science. Am. Acad. 326
Political Science As., Am.. 327
Polo .......................... 391
Poorhouses, Paupers in ____ 109
Popular Vote for President. 424
Population by Age ........... 94
Population by Color ......... 91
Population by Continents ... 102
Population by Divisions
Population by Language
88
... 100
Population by Nativity ..... 99
Population by Sex ........... 92
Population by Voting Age... 93
Population, Center ........... 89
Population, Chgo, by Wards. 658
Population, Cities, World.. 116
Population, Colored .......... 86
Population Cook County 567
Population Estimates (1917).. 86
Population, Foreign Born... 95
Population. Growth, U. S... 89
Population, Illinois 556
Population, Illinois Cities... 563
Populat'n, Increase by Color 92
Population, Indian (1915).... 126
Population, Marital Condit'n 95
Population, Median Lines... 89
Population, Minor, Chicago. 712
Population of Chicago 567
Population of World 102
Population per Sq. Mile 103
Population, Rural 101
Population, School Age 144
Population Statistics, U. S.. 86
Population, Urban 101
Population, U. S. Cen. Yrs. 87
Population. White v 86
Pork, Mess, Prices 738
Pork Packing Statistics 41
Porto Rico 393
Porto Rico, Population 101
Ports, Distances Between... 114'
Ports, Principal 51
Portugal 159
Portugal Enters War........ 484
Portuguese in U. S 97
Postage Rates 413
Postal Information 413
Postal Savings Amendment 196
Postal Savings Banks, U. S. 333
Postal Statistics, Chicago.... 646
Postal Statistics. National.. 73
Postal Statistics, U. S 534
Postmasters-General 77
Postmasters Large Cities 419
Postmasters- of Chicago 663
Postoffice, Chicago 645
Postoffice Department 279
Postoffice Inspector, Chicago 624
Postoffices of Nations 73
Potato Crop by States 134
Potato Crop by Years 131
Potato Crop of World 130
Potato, Sweet, Crop, by
States 134
Poultry Ass'n. State 548
Power Boat Racing 377, 671
Precipitation, U. S 353
Precious Stones Produced 57
Preparedness Confer'ce Com. 325
Preparedness Movement , 199
Preparedness Parades 202
Preparedness Tour, Wilson.. 202
Presbyterian Church 305
President, Popular Vote.... 424
Presidential Primary. 111... 581
Presidential Succession 72
Presidents and Cabinets 76
President's Message 417
Presidents, Salaries of 406
Presidents, Where Buried... 108
Presidents, University 146
Press Association, Illinois... 569
Press, The Associated 398
Prices, Wholesale 397
Primary, April. Illinois 581
Primary Law, Illinois 576
Primary, Presidential, 111.... 581
Primary, Sept., Illinois 581
Primary, Sept.. Chicago and
Cook County 598
Printing Industry 75
Printing Office. Government. 280
Printing Paper Duties 184
Printing, Supt., Illinois 549
Prisoners in United States.. Ill
Prisons, State, in U. S Ill
Prisons, State. Value 121
Probate Court 623
Professors in Universities... 146
Progress of Chicago 630
Progress of United States.. 392
Progressive Nat'l Convent'n 253
Progressive Platform 250
Prohibition Ass'n, Intercol.. 328
Pro. Committee, Cook Co.... 571
Prohibition Committee, 111.. 570
Prohib. Nat'l Committee 272
Prohibition Nat'l Convent'n 255
Prohibition Platform 264
Prohibition States .. 418
Property, Value, U. S 119
Properties of States 121
Propositions, Vote on 594
Prosecuting Attorney 613
Protestant Episcopal Church 304
Provence, Loss of the 472
Public Debt 337
Public Domain 142
Public Health Ass'n, Am.. 327
Public Library 638
Public Safety. Bureau 616
Public Service Dept 614
Public Welfare Departm't.. 616
Public Works Department.. 614
Public Utilities Com., 111.... 547
Publishers' Ass'n, Newspaper 398
Publishing Industry 75
Pugilism 372
Pumice Produced 57
Pullman Public Library. .. 640
Pullman Co. Statistics.. .. 170
Pulse at Different Ages .. 153
Pupils in Schools, U. S .. 143
Punishment. Capital 406
Pyramid, Great, Height. .. 126
Pyrite Produced 57
Quarries, Accidents in 69
Quarries in United States. 58
Quartz Produced 57
Quicksilver Produced 57
Quincy. 111., Population 564
Quincy Manufactures 576
Race, Population by 92
Racing. Automobile 386
Racing, Horse 361
Racing, Power Boat 377
Racing, Yacht 376
Racquets .., 383
Radium, Sources of 16
Railroad Accidents 171
Railroad Expenses 168
Railroad Mileage 168
Railroad Revenues 168
Railroad Speed Table 45
Railroad Statistics 168, 169
Railroad Taxes 168
Railroad Tunnels, Long 36
Railroad Wrecks in 1916 400
Railroads, Electric 171
Railroads of Nations 73
Railroads, U. S., Value 119
Rails, Steel. Iron, Produced 59
Railway Eight Hour Day
Board 240
Railway Eight Hour Dispute 235
Railway Mail Service, Chi.. 624
Railway Station. New 734
Railways. World's 50
Rainfall, United States 353
Real Estate Transfers 740
Real Property, U. S., Value 119
Reaumur Thermometer 45
Receipts, Chicago 688
Receipts, Government 336
Receipts, Illinois 577
Reclamation Projects 71
Reclamation Service 280
Recorders, Illinois 551
Recorder's Office 603
Recreation Association 328
Redfleld, W. C., Portrait.... 276
Red Cross, Am. National.... 327
Red Men, Order of 314
Reference Bureau, Legisl'e.. 546
Reform Bureau, Internat'L. 328
Reformatory, State 550
Regimental Officers. U. S... 340
Registrar of Titles 603
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
11
Registration, Chicago 583
Registration Trade-Marks 63
Relief Flood Victims 197
Relief, Mexico, U. S. Citiz's 197
Religions of World 309
Religious Associations 303
Religious Education Ass'n... 308
Religious Statistics 309
Representation in Congress.. 274
Representatives. Illinois 554
Representatives, State, Vote 596
Representatives, U. S 286
Rep. Committee, Cook Co... 570
Republican Committee, 111.. 570
Republican Nat'l Convention 249
Republican Platform 357
Reservations, Indian 126
Reserve Corps. Enlisted 218
Reserves, Naval 231
Restraints on Commerce 509
Retaliatory Duties ~. 186
Revenue Cutter Service 62
Revenue Cutters 53
Revenue, Emergency, Act... 179
Revenues, National 72
Review, Board of , 604
Review of War 528
Revolt in Ireland 480
Rhode Island, State Officers 458
Rhode Island, Vote of 458
Rice Crop of World 130
Rivers, Longest 115
Rice Crop by States 135
Rice, International Trade... 138
Rifle Shooting 388, 671
Rivers and Harbor Bureau.. 613
Rivers and Lakes Com., 111.". 549
Road Expenses, Cook County 609
Roads. Federal Funds for.. 246
Rock Creek Park 69
Rock Island Manufactures... 576
Rockefeller Foundation 393
Rockford Manufactures 576
Rockford. 111., Population.... 564
Rocky Mountain Park 69
Roller Skating 385
Roman Numerals 85
Roque 390
Rosin. International Trade.. 138
Rouen Cathedral. Height.... 126
Roumania 159
Roumania Crushed 531
Roumania Enters War 484
Roumanians in United States 97
Rowing 373
Royal and Select Masters... 313
Royal Arcanum 314
Royal Arch Masons 313
Royal League 315
Rubber, Internat'l Trade.... 138
Rulers, Foreign 154
Rules of Road 686
Rum Produced 152
Running, Long Distance 382
Rural Population 101
Russia 159
Russia, Navy of v 346
Russian Calendar 16
Russian Offensive 530
Russians in United States.. 97
Russo-Japanese Treaty 256
Russo-Japanese War 422
Rye Crop by States 133
Rye Crop by Years 131
Rye Crop of World 129
Ryerson Library 639
Safety Council, National 328
Sage Foundation 391
Sakura Eruption 65
Salaries, Chicago Employes.. 617
Salaries, Chicago Teachers.. 634
Salaries, Cook County 605
Salaries of Presidents 406
Saloniki Campaign 531
Saloon Licenses in Cities.... 126
in Chicago 642
Saloons in Cities
Salt Produced
Salvation Army
Satm-a, American
Sanitary District, Chicago...
San Francisco Fire ,..
Santa Ysabel Massacre
Santo Domingo
Santo Domingo. Disturbance
Saskatchewan, Crops
Saturn, Planet
Sault Ste. Marie Canals
bault Ste. Marie Canal Traf.
Savings Banks by States....
Savings Banks, Foreign
Savings Banks. Postal, Chi..
Savings-Bauks Statistics
Savings Banks, U. S. Postal
Savings, Postal, Act
School Attendance
School Attendance, Chicago.
School Census
School Finances, Chicago....
School Salary Schedule
School Statistics, Chicago...
School Statistics, U. S
School Supts., Illinois
Schools. County Supt
Schools, High, United States
Schools, Normal, U. S
Schools of Chicago
Schools. Private, U. S
Schools, Professional
Schools, State, Value
Science, Am. Ass'n, Advmt.
Scotch in United States
Scottish Rite Masons
Scouts, Boy, Incorporated...
Seaports, Distances Between
Seaports of World
Seas, Area and Depth
Seasons, The
Secret Service, U. S., Chi...
Secret Societies
Secretaries of Agriculture...
Secretaries of Commerce
Secretaries of Interior
Secretaries of Labor
Secretaries of Navy
Secretaries of State
Secretaries of Treasury
Secretaries of War
Secretary of War Resigns....
Security League, Chi. Branch
Security League, National...
Seed Production
Senat'l Dists., Cook Co.. .560,
Senatorial Dists., Ill 561,
Senators, State, Illinois
Senators, State, Vote
Senators. United States.. 285,
Senators, U. S., from 111
Sequoia Park
Serbia
Settlements, Social
Sex, Population by
Shackleton Expedition
Sheep by States
Sheep in U. S. (1916)
Sheriff Vote for, Since 1900.
Sheriffs, Cook County
Sheriffs, Illinois
Sheriff's Office
Sherman Antitrust Law
Shiloh Park
Ship Canals. Great
Shipping Board, U. S 187,
Shipping Data
Shipping, Disasters to
Shipping Terms
Shipbuilding. World's
Shipments. Chicago
Ships Built in United States
Ships Built, World
Ships of U. S. Navy
Ships, World's
Shirt Industry
120
394
Shooting, Pistol ............... 391
Shooting, Rifle ............... S8&
Shooting, Trap ................ 334
Short Ballot Organization... 32g
Siam ......................... 161
Sicily, Earthquake ........... 65
Sidereal Noon ................. 2ft
Signals, Weather..; .......... 44
Signs of the Zodiac ....... .... 31
Silk. Raw, Crop of World... 130
Silver, Bullion Value ......... 331
Silver Coinage by Nations... 32ft
Silver Coinage, U. S., by Yrs. 331
Silver Coinage, World, by Yrs. 331
Silver, Commercial Ratio.... 322
Silver, Imports, Exports ..... 83:
Silver, London, Price ........ 33a
Silver Produced by States... 330
Silver Produced by Years.... 330
Silver, Stock of, in U. S.. 330
Silver, World Production ____ 329
Single Persons. Population of 95
Single Tax Club .............. 696
Sirap. Maple, Production.... 132
Skager-Rak, Battle of ....... 470t
Skat
385,
Skating, Ice 378
Skating, Roller 385.
Ski Jumping 391
Ski Jumping. Chicago 67ft
Slate Industry 19&
Slate Produced 57
Slocum, General, Wreck 302
Smelters, Accidents in 59
Smithsonian Institution 421
Smoke Inspection Dept 617
Social Science, Am. Acad... 326
Social Settlements 665
Soc. Committee Cook Co 571
Socialist Committee, 111 470
Soc.-Lab. Nat'l Committee.. 272
Socialist Lab. Nat'l Conv'n. 256
Socialist-Labor Platform 268
Socialist Nat'l Committee... 271
Socialist Nominations, Nat'l. 256
Socialist Platform 266
Societies, Fraternal 313
Societies, Learned, U. S 326
Societies, Patriotic 319
Societies, Religious 303
Society of the Cincianati.... 322
Sociological Society. Am 327
Soldiers' Home 341
Soldiers in U. S. Wars 341
Somme, Battle of 529
Sons of America 315
Sons of Am. Revolution 322
Sons of Am. Revolution, 111.. 565
Sons of St. George 316
Sons of the Revolution 323
Sons of Revolution, Illinois.. 565
Sons of Veterans 320
Sons of Veterans, Illinois 563
South Africa, Union of 156
South Africa, Wealth of 121
South America, Population.. 102
South American Republics... 161
South Carolina, State Oflicers 459
South Carolina, Vote of 458
South Dakota, State Oflicers. 459
South Dakota, Vote of 459
South Parks.
Sovereigns, Pay of 422
Spain 159
Spaniards in United States.. 97
Spanish- American War 422
Spanish-Am. War, Order 322
Spanish War Veterans. 111... 565
Speakers of House 412
__. Specific Gravity Table 36
688! Speed, Railroad, Table 45
50 I Spirits Consumed 152
50 Spirits Produced 152
349 Spiritualists' Association.... 309
50 Sporting Records Begin 354
65 I Sports, Chicago 666
12
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Spring Begins 15
Springfield, 111., Population.. 564
Springfield Manufactures 576
St. Ignatius Library 640
St. Paul's Cathedral, Height 126
St. Peter's Cathedral, Height 126
St. Pierre, Destruction 65
St. Stephen's Church, Height 126
Standards, Bureau of 278
Standards, Grain, Act 193
Standards of Time 32
Stars, Brightest 27
Stars, Number of 56
State Ass'ns in Chicago 609
State Boards 550
State Department T 277
State Flowers 108
State Mottoes 284
State Nicknames, Flowers... 108
State Prisons in U. S Ill
State, Secretaries of 76
Statehouses. Value 121
Stations, Elevated Roads.... 720
Stations, Railroad, in Chi... 647
Statistical Association, Am. 327
Statistics, Bureau of 615
States, Area of 102
States, Assessed Valuations. 408
State's Atty. Vote Since 1900 580
State's Attorneys, Chicago.. 682
State's Attorneys, Illinois... 652
State's Attorney's Office .... 603
States, Capitals. Etc 420
States, Debts of 401
States, Facts About 421
States, Highest Points 115
States, Pglitical Record .... 273
States, Population (1917) 86
States, Public Property 121
Steam Laundries 198
Steamboat Inspection Service 279
Steamship Disasters, Great.. 302
Steamships, Great Ocean.... 248
Steel Production, Crude 416
Steel Rails Produced 59
Stefansson Expedition 166
Stockyards, Facts About 710
Stone Produced 57
Storage Space, Ship 48
Storms in 1916 400
Strassburg Cathedral, Height 126
Streator Manufactures 576
Street Grades 674
Street Lighting. Chicago 674
Street, Longest, in Chicago.. 642
Street Numbering Guide 726
Street Railway Chronology.. 677
Street Railway Earnings.... 539
Streets. Bureau of 614
Students, University 145, 146
Submarine Crisis, Wilson
Speech on 478
Submarine E-2. Explosion... 165
Submarine, Promise, German 492
Submarine Visits U. S 474
Submarine Warfare 473
Submarines and Armed Mer-
chantmen 491
Submarines, Harboring of... 527
Subtreasury, United States.. 624
Subway Plan, Chicago 600
Succession, Presidential 72
Suez Canal 30
Suffrage Association. Ill 677
Bnflrage Ass'n. Woman 408
Suffrage Law, Illinois 577
Suffrage, Qualifications 409
Suffrage, Woman 408
Sugar, Beet, Production 132
Sugar, Cane and Beet 131
Sugar Crop of World 130
Sugar, Free. Repeal 197
Sugar, Internationa! Trade.. 138
Sugar, Maple, Production 132
Sully's Hill Park 69
Sulphur Produced.. 57
Summer Begins 15
Sun. Facts About
Sun. The
Sunday School Ass'n, Illinois
Sunday School Union, Am...
Supt. Public Service, County
Superior Court
Supervising Engineers
Supplies, City, Dept. of
Supply Ships, United States.
Supreme Court, Illinois
Supreme Court, U. S
Surgeons, Am. College
Surgeons, Orificial. Ass'n
Surgical Association, Am....
Surveyor, County
Sussex Case
Sweden
Swedenborgian Church
Swedes in United States
Swimming ,....
Swimming, Chicago
Swine in United States
Swiss in United States
Switzerland
Symphony Orchestra, CM....
Talc Produced 57
"Tanks" in Battle 474
Tariff Commission Law 183
Tariff Legislation 177
Tariff Rates 173
Tax Amendment, Vote on... 597
Tax Association, National... 328
Tax, Corporation, Rect-ip s.. 396
Tax, Income, Rates 179
Tax, Income, Receipts 396
Tax. Inheritance, Illinois ... 572
Tax. Inheritance, U. S 180
Tax, Munitions 182
Tax Rates, Chicago 674
Taxes, Amusement, U. S. ... 183
Taxes, Special, U. S.... ... 183
Taxes. War, Continued 197
Taxicab Fares 682
Tea Consumed 152
Tea, International Trade 138
Teachers in Schools, U. S... 143
Teachers' Salaries 634
Teachers, Societies Chicago. 740
Telegraph Statistics, U. S... 46
Telegraph Systems. U. S 46
Telegraphs of Nations 73
Telegraphs. World's 50
Telephone Finances, Chicago 645
Telephone Statistics 47
Temperance, Board of 327
Temperature, United States. 353
Tennessee, State Officers 460
Tennessee, Vote of 439
Tennis 3G7, 672
Terms of Officials 692
Terne Plate Production 145
Texas Bicentennial 197
Texas, State Officers 462
Texas, Vote of 460
Theater Fires, List 49
Theaters in Chicago 662
Thermometers Compared 45
Time, Difference in 33
Time, Eras of 15
Time, Foreign Stamfords 34
Time, Map. United Stau^.. 33
Time, Standard, Zones. M.ip 33
Time, Standards of 32
Tin Plate Production 145
Tin Produced 57
Tires, Width Required 686
Titanic, Wreck of 302
Tobacco Crop by States 1:5
Tobacco Crop by Years 131
Tobacco Crop of World 130
Tobacco, International Trade 137
Tonnage by Seaports 51
Tonnage, Vessel, Chi. IMst.. 688
Torpedo Boats, II. S 350, 351
Torpedo, Hammond 204
Town Officers Cook Co 610
29 Tract Society. American 303
28 Tractors, Armored 475
Trade Agreements 177
Trade. Chicago Board of.... 702
Trade Commission, Federal.. 280
623 Trade, Domestic, U. S 172
614 Trade in Farm Products 137
615 Trade-Marks 63
Trading with Enemy Act.... 521
546 Training Camps, Army 218
281 Training Camps, Marine..... 233
326 Training, Military, League.. 325
Transportation Plan, Chi.... 600
327 Transports. United States... 352
604 Trap Shooting 384
485 Trap Shooting, Chicago 670
159 Treasurer, City 613
Tieasurer. County 603
97 Treasurers, Chicago 675
378 Treasury Department 277
Treasury, Secretaries of 76
136 Treaty, Haitian 163
97 Treaty, Nicaragua Canal.... 127
160 Treaty, Russo-Japanese 256
652 Tribe of Ben-Hur 315
Troops in U. S. Wars 341,
Tuberculosis, Ass'n for Study 327
Tuberculosis Sanitarium 544
Tunis 161
Tunnels, Freight. Under Chi. 572
Tunnels, Railroad, Long 36
Tunnels Under River 710
Turkey 160
Turkey, Earthquake in 65
Turkish-Balkan Wac. 422
Turkish-Italian W T ar 422
Turks in United States 97
Turpentine. Internat'l Trade 138
U-53. Exploits of 474
Underwood Tariff 177
Unemployment, State Com.. 550
Uniform, Protection of 228
Union of South Africa 156
Union Railway Station. New 734
Union Stockyards 710
Unitarian Church 307
United Confederate Veterans 321
United Societies 696
United Spanish Veterans... . 321
United Workmen, Order... . 316
United States, Area 102
United States Army 339
United States Civil Service . 64
U. S. Consular Service 294
United States and Mexico. . 535
U. S. Military Academy...
. 344
U. S. Mortality Statistics. . 117
U. S Naval Academy 344
United States Navy 348
U. S. Population 86, 87
U. S., Progress of 392
U. S. Shipping Board 187
U. S in Various Lan<ruages. 328
United States, Wealth of... 119
Universal Mil. Train. League 325
Universities, American, List. 146
University of Chi. Library... 639
University of Illinois 546
Universities, Foreign 145
Universities. Statistics 144
Urban Population 101
Uruguay 162
Utilities, Public, 111. Com... 547
Utah. State Officers 463
Utah, Vote of 462
Valparaiso Earthquake 65
Valuation, Assessed, States.. 408
Valuation, Chicago 674
Van Dyke, Minister. Resigns 534
Vegeta'ble Canning Industry. 336
Venezuela 162
Venizelists in War 531
Venus in 1917 28
Venus, Planet 25
Verdun, Fight for 528
A7.MAXAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
13
Vermont Maple Sugar 132
Vermont, State Officers 463
Vermont, Vote of 463
Vernal Equinox 26
Vessel Tonnage of Ports 51
Vessels Built in U. S 50
Vessels, Merchant. U. S 50
Vesuvius. Eruption 65
Veterinarian. State 549
Vicksbnrg Park 69
Villa. Pursuit of 536
Virginia Library 640
Virginia. State Officers 464
Virginia, Vote of 463
Visibility on Lakes 541
Vocations in United States.. 122
Voyages, Atlantic, Fastest.. 127
Volunteers of America 309
Vote, Cook Co., Since 1884... 579
Vote, Electoral, by States.. 423
Vote, Illinois, Since 1880 579
Vote for Illinois Officers 597
Vote. Popular 424
Vote by Precincts, Chicago.. 583
Vote for President, Chicago. 583
Vote for President, Cook Co. 591
Vote on Propositions 594, 595
Voting. Qualifications for 409
Voting Age, Men of 93
Wage Earners in Industries. 123
Wages. Table of 38
Walking Records 390
War, European 468
Air, War in 482
America. Plots in 483
Americans on Merchantmen 475
Angheliki Case 473
Appam Case 500
Armed Merchantmen 491
Armenian Campaign 530
Armies of Belligerents 468
Aulaunia Case 473
Austrian Emperor Dies 469
Austro-Italian Campaign. .. 530
Batavier V. Case 473
Bayo Case 473
Belgian Deportations 4*2
Berwindvale Case 473
Blacklisting 521
Brindisi Sunk 473
Cabinet Changes 483
Casement, Roger, Executed 4S1
Casualties in War 468
Chantal Case 473
Charles I., Emperor '.. 463
Chemung Case 473
Chronology 532
Clan MacFailane Case 473
Columbian Case... 473
Commerce, Restraints on... 509
Congress. Action in 475
Cost of War 4G9
Cymric Case 473
Dates Important Events... 532
Dead, Noted, in War 4<0
Declarations of War 468
Deportation of Civilians... 4*2
Deutschland, Voyage of 473
Diplomatic Correspondence 4S r )
Dubrovnik Case 473
Francis Joseph, Death of.. 469
French Deportations 4S2
Fryatt. Execution 474
Gallipoli Evacuated 530
German Submarine Promise 489
Germany Offers Peace 531
Gore Resolution 477
Goritz, Capture of 530
Greece Divided in Policy.. 5TI
Harboring Submarines 527
Hovering of Warships 523
Ireland, Revolt in 480
-Italian- Austrian Campaign. 530
Jutland, Battle of 470
Kelvina Case 473
Killed in War 468
Kitchener, Death of 470
Koenigin Wilhelmina Case. 473
Kut-el- Amara Disaster 53C
Laiiao Case 473
Letimbro Case 473
Losses in War 468
Mails, Interference with... 503
Maloja Case 473
McLemore Resolut ion 475
Manchester Engineers Case 473
Marina Case 473
Merchant Vessels Sunk 473
Merchantmen, Armed... 4"75, 492
Mercury Case 473
Mesopotamian Campaign... 530
Mira Case 473
Nations Involved 468
Naval Battle, Great 470
Naval Losses 471
Navies of Belligerents 468
Noted Dead in War 470
Palermo Case 473
Peace Offer by Germany.. 531
Persia Case 473
Plots in America 480
Polish Kingdom Restored.. 528
Populat'n Warring Nations 468
Portugal Declares War 484
President to Congress 478
Provence, Loss of 472
Restraints on Commerce... 509
Review of War 528
Rio Branco Case 473
Roumania Enters War 484
Roumanian Campaign 531
Saloniki Campaign 531
Santanderino Case 473
Skager-Rak, Battle of 470
Somme, Battle of 529
Submarine, Commercial 473
Submarines, Harboring 527
Submarine on Am. Coast... 474
Submarine Promise, Germ. 492
Submarine Warfare 473
Sussex Case 473
Sussex Torpedoing 485
"Tanks" in War 474
Tractors, Armored 47 1
Trading with Enemy Act.. 521
Tubantia Case 473
U-53, Exploits of 474
Venizelists in War 51
Verdun. Struggle for., 528
Warships. Hovering of 523
Warships Lost 471
Wilson Speech in Congress 478
Zent Case 473
Zeppelin Raids 482
War Department 277
War of 1812, Society 323
War of 1812. Society, Illinois 565
War Preparedness Campaign 109
War. Secretaries of 76
War Taxes Continued 197
Wards and Aldermen, Chi... 675
Wards, Areas of 6";8
Wards, Chicago 628. 6J9
Wards. Parks and Populat'n 658
Warehouse Act. U. S 194
Wars, Chronology. Recent... 422
Wars. U. S., Troops in 341
Warship Tonnage of Powers. 346
Warships, Cost Maintaining. 315
Warships, Hovering of 523
Warships, United States 349
Wash'n Monument, Height.. 126
Washington, State Officers... 465
Washington, Vote of 464
Water. Bureau of 614
Water Rates, Chicago 60
Water Survey, Illinois 549
Water Tunnels, Chicago 650
Waterfalls. Famous 34
i Waterways Com., Illinois
j Waterworks System, Chicago 630
I Waukegan Manufactures 576
Wealth, National, U. S 119
Wealth of Nations 121
Wealth, U. S., by Divisions. 120
Wealth, U. S., Classification 120
Weather Bureau, Chicago 624
Weather, Chicago 673
Weather Forecasts 44
Weather. United States 353
Wedding Anniversaries 45
Weights and Measures 35
Weights, Department of 617
Weights, Measures, Illinois,. 577
Weights, Normal 37
Weights of Materials........ 48
Welland Canal 30
Welsh in United States 97
West Chicago Parks 655
West Indies. Danish, Sale... 420
West Point Academy 344
West Point Cadets, Increase 233
West Virginia, State Officers 465
West Virginia, Vote of 465
Western Economic Society... 327
Western Soc. Engineers' Lib. 6c9
Western Union Statistics.... 46
Wheat Crop by States 132
Wheat Crop of World 128
Wheat Crop by Years 130
Wheat Harvest Calendar 137
Wheat, International Trade. 137
Wheat, Prices 73S
Whisky Produced 152
Whist 391
Widowed Population 95
Width of Chicago 642
Wilson Letters to Garrison.. 200
Wilson on R. R. 8-IIour Day 236
Wilson Preparedness Tour... 202
Wilson Speech on Submarine
Crisis 478
Wilson Tariff 177
Wilson, W., Portrait 276
Wilson. W. B.. Portrait 276
Wind Barometer 543
Wind Cave Park 69
Wines Consumed 152
Wines Produced 152
Winter Begins 15
Wireless System, U. S 46
Wisconsin, State Officers 467
Wisconsin. Vote of 466
Woman. First, in Congress.. 539
Woman Suffrage 408
Woman Suffrage Ass'n 408
Woman Suffrage Law, 111 577
W. C. T. U., Illinois 569
W. C. T. U., National 328
Woman's Party Convention.. 256
Woman's Party, Cook Co.572. 696
Woman's Party Nat'l Com... 272
; Woman's Party Platform 269
Woman Police in Cities 126
Woman's Press Ass'n, 111... 569
Woman's Relief Corps 320
Woman's Relief Corps. 111.. 565
Women. National Council of 328
Women's Clubs, Fed., 111.... 569
Women's Clubs. Gen. Fed... 327
Wood Pulp, Internat'l Trade 138
Wood Pulp. Manufacture of. 312
Woodmen. Modern 314
Woodmen of the World 314
Wool, International Trade... 13S
Wool Produced by States 135
Work of Congress 179
Workers by Age and Sex 122
World Family. Story of 28
World, Fast Trips Around... 40
World, Population of 102
World's Athletic Records.... 383
World's Shipbuildins 414
Wreck of the Memphis 172
Wrecks. Great Steamship 302
Wrecks, Marine 398
Wrecks. Railroad, in 1916.... 400
Wrestling 391
Wrestling. Chicago 671
Wyoming, State Officers 467
14
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Wyoming, Vote of 467
Yachting. Chicago 668
Yachting ? 376
Yale-Harvard Races 374
Yellowstone Park 69
Yosemite Park
Y. M. C. A
Young People's Union
Yuan Shih-kai. Death of 165 Zoologists, Am Society
Zeppelin Raids on England 482 | Zoological Park '.
Zinc Produced
Zodiac, Signs of the....
Zoological Gardens.
. 57
. 31
. 161
. 327
INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS.
Albaugh-Dover Co ............ 715
American Film Co., Imp ____ 691
American Steel Foundries.. 733
Arnold Company. The ....... 699
Baker, Alfred L., & Co.... 681
Bank: Des Plaines State... 677
Banking: George H. Burr &
Co ........................... 681
Banking: Graham & Sons.. 679
Banking: The Corn Exchange
National Bank ..............
............. Inside Back Cover
Banking: Central Trust Com-
pany of Illinois ............
............ Inside Back Fly Leaf
Banking: The Merchants
Loan and Trust Co ........
.... Outside Back Cover
Barnhart Brothers & Spindler785
Bartell Brothers .............. 733
Baseball Park: Comiskey... 705
Becker, A. G., & Co ........ 683
Belting: Fensholt & Fechner 703
Billiards: The Brunswick-
Balke-Collender Co ..... 718,719
Bingham's Son, Sam'l, Mfg.
Co .......................... 739
Blatchford. E. W., Co ...... 747
Blue Printing: Crofoot, Niel-
ron & Co ................... 703
Brick: Illinois Brick Co.... 713
Brunswick-Balke-Collender
Co ....................... 718, 719
Burr, George H., & Co ..... 681
Castings: The National Mal-
leable Castings Company.. 717
Castings, steel: American
Steel Foundries ............. 733
Central Trust Company of
Illinois.. Inside Back Fly Leaf
Chapin, S. B., & Co ........ 679
Chemical Co., Dearborn ..... 725
Chicago. North Shore & Mil-
waukee R. R ............... 723
Chicago Surface Lines.... 727-731
Chicago Telephone Company
........ .................. 741-745
Chicago Elev'd Railroads, 721, 722
Childs, S. >., & Company.. 707
Clement, Curtis & Co ....... 681
Coal: Waller Coal Company 709
Coffee, roasted: Puhl-Webb
Company ................... 689
Comiskey* Baseball Park... 705
Commercial Paper: A. G
Becker & Co
Commercial Paper: Curtis &,
Sanger ..................... 683
Commonwealth Edison Co..
Congress Hotel and Annex.
Corn Exchange National
Bank ........ Inside Back Cover
Crofoot, Nielson & Co ...... 703
Curtis & 'ganger .............. 683
Cusack, Thos., Company 693
Dearborn Chemical Company 725
Des Plaines State Bank 677
Eclipse Printing Company... 701
Eckhart, B. A., Milling Co. 71"i
Electrical Supplies: Com-
monwealth Edison Co 725
Elevated Railroads, Chi-
cago 721, 722
Elmes, Charles F., Engineer-
ing Works 709
Engineering: Chas. F. Elmes 709
Engineering: The Arnold Co. 690
Engineering, Etc.: Link-Belt
Company 733
Engraving: S. D. Childs &
Co 707
Fensholt & Fechner 703
Film: American Film Co.,
Inc 691
Foundry: The Western Foun-
dry Co 711
Graham & Sons. Bankers 679
Grain Merchants: J. Rosen-
baum Grain Co 713
Hay, Grain, Feed: Kemper
Bros. Co 709
Heating: Phillips-Getschow
Co 1 713
Hotel: Congress 707
Illinois Brick Company 713
Illinois Life Insurance Co..
Outside Front Fly Leaf
Insurance: Illinois Life In-
surance Company
Outside Front Fly Leaf
Insurance: Marsh & McLen-
nan Inside Front Cover
Jelke. John F., Company... 687
Kemper Bros. Co 709
Link-Belt Company 733
Lussky, White & Coolidge,
Inc 699
Margarine: John F. Jelke
Company 687
Marsh & McLennan
Inside Front Cover
Marshall-Jackson Company.. 768
McGarry, John A.. & Co.... 711
Merchandise. General: Sam-
uel Phillipson & Co 703
Merchants Loan and Trust
Company.. Outside Back Cover
Metals, Stereotype, Etc.: E. .
W. Blatchford Co 747
Milling: B. A. Eckhart Mill-
ing Co 715
Mills Novelty Company ....
Inside Front Fly Leaf
Milwaukee Electric R. R.... 723
National Malleable Castings
Company 717
Oils: Bartell Brothers 733
Oliver Typewriter Company
...Opposite Inside Back Cover
Paving: John A. McGarry
& Co 711
Phillips-Getschow Co 713
Printers' Rollers: Sam'l
Bingham's Son Mfg. Co 739
Printing: Eclipse Printing
Co.
701
Printing: Regan Printing
House 735
Printing: S. D. Childs & Co 707
Publicity: Thos. Cusack Co 693
Pugh Stores Company 695
Puhl-Webb Company 689
Pure Products, Pugh's 695
Regan Printing House 735
Registering of Titles: Tor
rens System, Etc 736 737
Rosenbaum. J.. Grain Co.. 713
Russell, Brewster & Co 679
Samuel Phillipson & Co 703
Slnrn & Smith 717
Smith Form-a-Truck Com-
pany 697
Stationery and Printing:
Marshall-Jackson Company 768
Stocks and Bonds: Russell,
Brewster & Co 679
Stocks, Bonds, Etc.: S. B.
Chapin & Co 679
Stocks, Bonds, Etc.: Clem-
ent, Curtis & Co 681
Stocks, Bonds. Grain: Al-
fred L. Baker & Co 681
Street Car Lines, Surface..
727-731
Surgical Instruments: Sharp
& Smith 717
Swinehart Tire & Rubber
Co 701
Teaming: The A. T. Wil-
lett Company 685
Telephone Company, Chi-
cago 741-745
Tires and Rubber: Swine-
hart Tire & Rubber Co.... 701
Torrens System 736, 737
Tractors: Albaugli -Dover Co. 715
Trucks: Smith Form-a-
Truck Company 697
Type: Barnhart Brothers &
Spindler 735
Typewriters: The Oliver
Typewriter Company
..'Opposite Inside Back Cover
Upholstery, Draperies. Etc.:
Lussky. White & Coolidge,
Inc 699
Violano-Virtuoso
Inside Front Fly Leaf
Waller Coal Co 709
Western Foundry Company,
The 711
Willett Company, The A. T. 685
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK
FOR 1917
Astronomical calculations prepared by Berlin H. Wright, DeLand, Fla.
All the calculations in this Almanac and Year-
Book are based upon mean or clock time unless
otherwise stated. The sun's rising and setting
are for the upper limb, corrected for parallax
and refraction. In the case of the moon no cor-
rection is needed, as in the sun, for "parallax
and refraction"; with her they are of an oppo-
site nature and just balance each other. The
ngures given, therefore, are for the moon's cen-
ter on a true horizon such as the ocean affords.
Ihe calculations in each of the geographical
divisions of each calendar page will apply with
sufficient accuracy to all places in contiguous
zones indicated by the heading of the divisions.
BEGINNING AND LENGTH OF SEASONS.
Sun enters: Constel-
Sign.Long. lation. Date.
Eastern
time.
Central
time.
* 270
T
90
= 180
K> 270'
D. H. M.
Dec. 21.. 10:59 p. m. 9:59 p. m. 1916 Winter begins and lasts 89 '39
X Mar. 20.. 11:38 p. m. 10:38 p. m. 1917 Spring begins and lasts 9^ 19 36
June 21.. 7:14 p. m. 6:14 p. m. 1917 Summer begins and lasts .'."..'9314 47
TO" Sept. 23.. 10:01 a. m. 9:01 a. m. 1917 Autumn begins and lasts 89 18 45
* Dec. 22.. 4:46 a. m. 3:46 a. m. 1917 Winter begins. Tropical year.... 365 5 47
ERAS OF TIME.
The Gregorian year 1917 corresponds to the
following eras:
The latter part of the 141st and the beginning
of the 142d year of the independence of the
United States.
The year 1335-36 of the Mohammedan era ; the
year 1336 begins Oct. 17.
The year 4614 (nearly) of the Chinese era, be-
ginning now, Jan. 1.
The year 2229 of the Grecian era.
The year 5677-78 of the Jewish era ; the year
5678 begins at sunset Sept. 16.
The year 7425-26 of the Byzantine era, begin-
ning Sept. 1.
The year 2577 of the Japanese era.
T1 i? ye ^o 6630 of the Julian P eriod - and Jan. 1
is the 2,421.230th day since the beginning of
the Julian period.
CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES.
Dominical or Sunday letter Q
Epact of moon's age, Jan. 1 6
Lunar cycle or golden number 18
Solor cycle
Roman indiction 15
Dionysian period ' ' 246
Jewish lunar cycle "
Julian period " ' AC
CHURCH CALENDAR FOR 1917.
Jan. 1 New Year's day (Cir-
cumcision).
Jan. 6 Epiphany (12th day).
Jan. 14 Greek Church New
Year's day.
Jan. 25 Conversion of St. Paul.
Feb. 2 Purification B. V. M.
Feb. <i Septuagesima Sunday.
Feb. 11 Sexagesima Sunday.
Feb. 18 Quinquagesima Sunday.
Feb. 21 Ash Wednesday (Lent
begins).
Feb. 25 Quadragesima Sunday.
Men. 17 St. Patrick's day.
Men. 18 Mid-Lent Sunday.
Mch. 25 Passion Sunday.
Mch. 25 Annunciation (Lady
day).
April 1 Palm Sunday.
April 6 Good Friday.
April 8 Easter Sunday.
April 15 Low Sunday.
April 23 St. George.
April 25 St. Mark.
May 1 Philip and James.
May 13 Rogation Sunday.
May 17 Ascension (Holy Thurs-
day).
May 27 Pentecost (Whitsun-
day).
June 3 Trinity Sunday.
June 7 Corpus Christi.
June 11 St. Barnabas.
June 24 Nativity of John the
Baptist.
June 29 Peter and Paul.
July 15 St. Swithin's day.
July 22 Mary Magdalen.
July 25 St. James.
Aug. 6 Transfiguration.
Aug. 7 Name of Jesus.
Aug. 15 Feast of Assumption
B V. M.
Aug. 24 St. Bartholomew.
Aug. 29-St. John the Baptist.
EMBER DAYS.
Sept. 8 Nativity of Mary.
Sept. 14 Exaltation of Holy
Cross.
Sept. 17 Jewish New Year's
day.
Sept. 21 St. Matthew.
Sept. 29 Michaelmas.
Oct. 17 Mohammedan New
Year's day.
Oct. IS St. Luke.
Oct. 28 Simon and Jude
Oct. 31 Halloween.
Nov. 1 All Saints' day.
Nov. 2 All Souls' day.
Nov. 25 St. Catherine.
Nov. 29 Thanksgiving day.
Nov. 30 St. Andrew
Dec. 2 First Sunday in Advent.
Dec. 8 Conception B. V. M.
Dec. 25 Christmas.
Dec. 26 St. Stephen.
Dec. 27 St. John the Evangelist,
Dec. 28 Holy Innocents.
Wednesday,
Friday
and
Saturday
after
f 1st Sunday in Lent
Pentecost
f Pentecost
1 Sept. 14..
( Dec. 13..
Feb. 28, March 2 and 3
May 30, June 1 and 2
Sept. 19, 21 and 22
Dec. 19. 21 and 22
16
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
JEWISH OR HEBREW CALENDAR, YEAR 5677-78 A. M.
Year.
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5677...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
5678...
No.
4..
5..
6..
6..
6..
7..
7..
The year 5677 is the loth year of the 299th cycle of 19 years.
Month-
Name.
Tebet
Sh'vat
Adar .
Adar .
Adar .
Nissan
Nissan 15.,
lyar 1..
lyar 18..
lyar 18..
Day. Fast or festival. Gregorian date.
....10.. Fast of Tebet Thursday, Jan. 4, 1917
1.. Rosh-Chodesh Wednesday, Jan. 24, 1917
1.. Rosh-Chodesh Thursday-Friday, Feb. 22-23, 1917
....13.. Fast of Esther Wednesday, March 7, 1917
..14-15.. Purim Thursday-Friday, March 8-9,1917
.... 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Saturday, March 24, 1917
1st day of Passover Saturday, April 7,1917
Rosh-Chodesh Sunday-Monday, April 22-23, 1917
Lag B'Omer Thursday, May 10, 1917
33d day of Omer Thursday, May 10, 1917
Sivan 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Tuesday, May 22,1917
Sivan 6.. 1st day of Pentecost Sunday, May 27, 1917
Tammuz 1 . . Rosh-Chodesh Wednesday-Thursday, June 20-21, 1917
Fast of Tammuz *Saturday, July 7, 1917
Rosh-Chodesh Friday. July 20, 1917
Fast of Av *Saturday, July 28,1917
Rosh-Chodesh Saturday-Sunday, Aug. 18-19, 1917
1.. 1st day of New Year tMonday, Sept. 17, 1917
3.. Fast of Gedaliah Wednesday, Sept. 19, 1917
10.. Yom-Kippoor Wednesday, Sept. 26.1917
15.. 1st day of Tabernacles Monday, Oct. 1, 1917
Tishri 21.. Hoshannah-Rabbah Sunday. Oct. 7, 1917
Tishri 22.. Sh'mini Atseres Monday, Oct. 8, 1917
Tishri 23.. Simchas-Torah Tuesday, Oct. 9, 1917
Chesvan 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Tuesday- Wednesday, Oct. 16-17,1917
Kislev 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Thursday-Friday, Nov. 15-16,1917
Kislev 25.. 1st day of Chanukah Monday, Dec. 10,1917
Tebet 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Saturday-Sunday. Dec. 15-16, 1917
Tebet 10.. Fast of Tebet Tuesday, Dec. 25, 1917
Sh'vat 1.. Rosh-Chodesh Monday, Jan. 14, 1918
"Observed the following day. tBegins at sunset Sept. 16.
Tammuz 17.
Av 1.
Av 9.
Ellul 1.
Tishri
Tishri
Tishri
Tishri
GREEK CHURCH OR RUSSIAN CALENDAR, A. D. 1917, A. M. 8026.
New style.
Jan. 14....
Jan. 19....
Feb. 11....
PeO. 15....
Feb. 21....
Feb. 25....
Apr. 1...
Apr. 6...
Apr. 8...
May 6....
May 17....
May 27....
May 27....
Holy days. Old style.
Circumcision Jan. 1
Epiphany (Theophany) Jan. 6
Carnival Sunday Jan. 29
Hypopante (Purification) Feb. 2
Ash Wednesday Feb. 8
First Sunday in Lent Feb. 12
. Palm Sunday Mar. 19
.Great (Good) Friday Mar. 24
.Holy Pasche (Easter) Mar. 26
St. George Apr. 23
Ascension (Holy) May 4
Coronation of Emperor* May 14
Pentecost May 14
New style. Holy days. Old style.
June 12. ... Holy Ghost May 30
July 12.... Peter and Paul, Chief Apostles. June 29
Aug. 19 Transfiguration Aug. 6
Aug. 28 Repose of Theotokos Aug. 15
Sept. 12.... St. Alexander Nevsky* Aug. 30
Sept. 21.... Nativity of Theotokos Sept. 8
Sept. 27.... Exaltation of Theotr.kos Spt. 14
Oct. 14 Patronage of Theotokos Oct. 1
Nov. 28.... 1st day of Nativity Nov. 15
Dec. 4 Entrance of Theotokos Nov. 21
Dec. 22 Conception of Theotokos Dec. 19
Jan.7.1918.. Christmas Dec. 25
Jan.14.1918. Circumcision Jan.1.1918
^Observed only in Russia.
MOHAMMEDAN CALENDAR YEAR 1335-36.
The year 1335 is the 15th year of the 45th cycle of 30 years.
Year. ftoT
1335.... 4.
1335.... 5..
1335.... 6.
1335.... 7.
1335 . . , 8 .
-Month ^
Name.
Rabia II ..
Lasts,
Begins. days.
Jan 25 29
Year.
1335..
1335..
1336..
1336..
1336..
f Month ,
No. Name
.ll....Dulkaeda
.12....Dulheggia
. 1 Muharrem
. 2 Saphar ..
. 3.... Rabia I..
Begins.
Aug. 19..
Sept. 18..
Oct. 17..
Lasts,
davs.
3a
........29
30
..Jomhadi I
..Jomhadi II..
..Rajeb
. . Sheban
Feb. 23
Men. 25
April 23
May 23
ting) June 21
..30
'.'.30
..29
30
Nov
Dec
16..
15..
14, 1
29
30
)18 29
1335
9
1336..
. 4..
Rabia II
1335...
10.
July 21
29
RADIUM AND SOURCES OF SUPPLY.
[From report of United
Radium is a metal and is described as having
a white metallic luster. It has been isolated
only once or twice and few people have seen
it. Radium is ordinarily obtained from its ores
in the form of hydrous sulphate, chloride or
bromide, and it is in the form of these salts
that it is usually sold and used. These are all
white or nearly white substances, whose appear-
ance is no more remarkable than common salt
or baking powder. Radium is found in nature
in such exceedingly small quantities that it is
never visible even when the material is ex-
amined with a microscope. Ordinarily radium
ore carries only a small fraction of a grain per
States geological survey.]
ton of material, and radium will never be
found in large quantity because it is formed
by the decay of uranium, a process which is
wonderfully slow, and radium itself decays and
changes to other elements so rapidly that it is
impossible for it to accumulate naturally in
visible masses. Minerals that carry radium,
however, are fairly easy to determine. One of
them, pitchblende, as generally found, is a
black mineral about as heavy as ordinary iron,
but much softer. The principal radium mineral,
carnotite, has a bright canary yellow color
and is generally powdery.
ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOR 1917.
17
Full Moon, 8th. - . , TA1MTTADV 1O1*7 vi <n a ~, New Moon, 23d.
Last Quar., 16th. 1st Month. JAJNUAKl, IVl/. 31 Days, f First Soar./ 29th.
365
34
g
U
300
359
35S
:;.-.:
356
:;.-,-,
354
353
352
351
350
349
348
347
34H
346
344
343
42
StTN AT
NOON
MARK.
3 27
12 13 37
MOON
IN
ME-
RIJ>-
1AN.
LI 12
72i
Sewiork, Chicago, [St. Louis, S. Mo.,
owa, Neb., Wyo.JIS. 111., Ind., Kas.,
)re., N.Mo., Ohio. Okla., Col., Utah,
J a., N. J., Mass.. Cal., Ky., Va.,
Conn., R. I. Md.. Del.
Moon
Sun Sun sets
and
728
728
728
728
728
728
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
727
726
725
724
723
722
22
720
719
719
718
717
716
715
715
439
440
442
li
St. fSLVLl, MlCh.,
Wis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
S T . Y., Vt., N. H.
Moon
Sun Sun sets
ises. sets, and
716
7 7
7 6
514
520
521
524
622
21]
Sun
H. M.
739
739
738
738
737
737
737
737
736
736
736
736
735
734
734
733
732
731
730
729
729
728
727
726
725
724
724
723
722
Sun
sets.
H. M.
429
430
435
436
437
442
444
446
447
448
454
455
56
57
5 6
Moon
sets
and
rises.
H. M.
117
226
336
440
rises
IJ
i
1
seta
7 7
11
""12
125
233
Full Moon, 6th. 2 fl Month FFRPTTAPV 1 01 7 28 Davs New M <*> n 21st.
Last Quav., 14th. 2d Month - T r,UKUAJ\ I , IVl/. 28 Days. ^ First Quaf ^ ^^
DAY
OP
WEEK.
32
33
34 !33i_
3C 1331
36 330
37 329
38 !328
40 326!
41 325 1
42 324 1
43 323 12 Monday...
44 322;i3;Tuesday ..
45 .' 321 14 1 Wednesday
46 320 lo^Thursday.
47 J319 16 Friday
48 318,17 Saturday..
49 |317 18 SUNDAY.
50 316;l9iMonday...
51 315 20 Tuesday...
52 !314 21jWednesdaj
63 !313 22lThursday .
311
312 23 (Friday
24!Saturday..
310 25 [SUNDAY..
309 26 Monday...
308 27 Tuesday ..
J307 28 VVednesda]
SUN AT
NOON
MARK.
MOON
IN
ME-
RID-
IAN.
.New York, Chicago
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
Qre., N.Mo., Ohio
Pa., N. J., Mass.
Conn., R. I.
Sun
rises.
and
rises.
t. Louis, S. Mo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Okla., Col., Utah
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
Sun
654
644
634
Sun
522
523
525
526
527
545
552
Moon
1
St. Paul, Mich.,
is., Minn.,N.D M
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
rises.
Sun
H. M
721
720
719
717
716
715
713
712
710
7 9 I 520
7 7 522
7 5 523
7 t iii
7 2
7 1
659
657
655
654
652
650 |
648'
647
its
643
641
531
532
534
Moon
sets
and
rises.
H. M.
518
628
rises
6 4
357
450
529
6 4
seta
11
lit
18
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
I
S Full Moon, 8th.
- Last Quar., 16th.
MARCH, 1917. 31 Days.
New Moon, 22d.
First Quar., 30th.
87
_-; 21
281
280 27
DAY
OF
WEEK.
1 Thundiy ..
Friday
Saturday. . .
SUNDAY .
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday . .
"'riday
Saturday..
SUNDAY..
Monday
13 Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday...
''riday
Saturday...
UNDAY..
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
22 Thursday . .
Friday
aturday . .
SUNDAY..
Honday
Tuesday
rVednesdiiy
Thursday...
riday
Saturday...
Oon.D
v 26
8
* 19
1
13
25
C 7
a 19
j> l
UP 13
nr 26
9
22
6
18
if 16
if 30
-C 15
-6 30
- 15
- 29
X 14
X 28
T 12
T 26
x Q
V 22
H 4
16
a 28
SUN AT
NOON
MARK.
12 7
12 4 17
MOON-
IN
ME-
RID-
IAN.
724
.Nevvlork, Chicago
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
Ore., X.Mo., Ohio
Pa., N. J., Mass.,
Conn., R. I.
Sun Sun
rises, sets.
558
556
554
553
552
551
550
548
546
614
615
624
625
Moon
and
rises.
H. M.
2 5
256
336
415
447
rises
1012
1121
128
220
3 9
348
422
452
521
sets
829
941
1049
1151
""47
134
213
t. 1X)U1S, ft. MO.
S. 111., Ind. T Kas.
Okla., Col., Utah
Cal., Ky., Va.,
Md.. Del.
Sun
6
559
557
555
552
550
549
548
546
Sun
620
621
Moon
sets
and
rises.
bt. I'aul, Alien.,
Wis.,Miim..X.D..
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y.. Vt.. X. H.
Moon
Sun Sun sets
ises sets, and
H. M.
39
88
36
634
632
30
28
27
625
15 23
621
619
617
615
613
611
6 9
7
3
6 1
558
556
555
552
550
548
546
544
543
it!
550
552
6 7
6 8
615
616
617
619
620
624
626
627
H. M.
315
354
430
459
522
542
rises
919
1026
1137
' ' ' 45
147
238
325
455
521
sets
840
10
1 6
1 52
'> 29
Full Moon, 7th. ..-. __ 1,
Last Quar., 14th. * th Month '
APRIL, 1917. 30 Days. f
New Moon, 21st.
First Quar., 29th.
9'J
110
264
856
255
264
253
114 252
111
11!
DAY
OP
WEEK.
13
14
260 16
17
18
1 SUNDAY..
2 ;Monday
3 Tuesday
4 Wednesday
5 [Thursday..
6 Friday
7 Saturday...
SlSUNDAY..
9 ,Monday
10 Tuesday
11 Wednesday
12iThursday
19
Friday
Saturday ..
SUNDAY...
Monday...
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday..
Friday....
Saturday...
SUNDAY...
Monday
24 (Tuesday....
25 (Wednesday
26 (Thursday .
27 Friday
28 Saturday..
29 SUNDAY..
30 Monday....
MOON
IN
ME-
RID-
IAN.
647
7 28
.\e\viork, Chicago,
towa, Neh., Wyo.,
Dre., X.Mo., Ohio
., N. J.,
Conn., R.
Sun
rises.
H. M.
544
543
541
5 39
537
535
533
531
529
527
526
524
523
521
520
519
517
516
514
512
5 10
5 9
5 7
5 5
5 4
5 3
5 2
5
459
457
Sun
637
Moon
sets
rises.
l>ouis, S. Mo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Okla., Col., Utah
Cal., Ky., Va.,
Md.* Del.
Sun
rises.
540
534
515
5 5
Sun
626
631
637
642
643
646
647
Moon
sets
and
rises.
H. M.
2 42
337
4 3
427
450
rises
8
9 7
1013
1115
.
141
218
250
319
4 18
451
sets
928
1027
1116
40
St. i'aul, Mich.,
,Vis., Minn.,N.D.
S D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y.. Vt., N. H.
Sun
rises.
542
540
538
536
534
532
530
528
526
524
523
521
519
518
517
515
513
511
I?
5 4
5 2
5
459
458
457
456
m
450
Sun
630
631
632
634
637
639
643
645
646
54
56
Moon
sets
rises.
H. M.
3
325
346
445
rises
8 16
927
1036
11 40
1 22
2 56
321
345
410
437
sets
dfi
1140
126
1 49
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
19
Full Moon, 6th.
Last Quar., 13th.
5th Month. MAY, 1917. 31 Days.
New Moon, 20th.
First Quar., 28th.
DAY OF YEAR. |
-
^
;j
tn
53
H*
X
245
244
243
242
241
240
J3H
23*
J37
236
235
234
230
229
228
-'-7
226
225
224
223
222
221
220
219
L'ls
217
216
215
3
DAY
OF
WKEK.
MOON'S PLACE
SUN AT
NOON
MABK.
MOON
IN
ME-
RID-
IAN.
New York, Chicago,
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
Ore., N.Mo., Ohio,
Pa.. N. J., Mass.,
Conn., R. I.
St. Louis,
S. 111., Ind.
Okla., Col.
Cal., Ky.
Md., D
5. Mo.,
, Kas.,
Utah,
St. Paul, Mich.,
Wis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Va.,
el.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
rises.
H. M.
456
455
454
453
452
450
449
448
446
445
444
442
441
440
439
438
437
436
435
434
434
433
432
431
430
429
428
427
426
426
Sun
sefts.
Moon
sets
and
rises.
Sun
rises.
Sun
sets.
Moon
sets
and
rises.
Sun
rises.
Sun
sets.
Moon
sets
and
rises.
121
m
124
125
126
127
131
132
133
134
165
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
in
if-
148
149
150
151
i
2
3
4
5
7
8
9
ii 1
1
15
1<5
17
18
19
sy
22
23
24
25
26
30
31
Tuesday....
Wednesday
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday .
SUNDAY.
Monday ...
Tuesday ....
Wednesday
Thursday ..
Fridav
Saturdry ..
SUNDAY.
Monday
Tuesday....
Wednesday
Thursday ..
Friday
Saturday...
SUNDAY..
Monday
Tuesday ...
Wednesday
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday...
SUNDAY..
Monday
Tuesday....
Wednesday
Thursday."
Con. D.
11
23
TIP 18
:j|
m 12
m 25
x- 9
f 23
* 7
? 2 i
- 20
X 4
X 18
T 2
T 16
T 29
V 12
2 7 5
H 20
2
14
25
7
19
HP 1
IP 1 i
H. M. 8.
11 57 3
1 1 56 55
1 1 56 48
1 1 56 40
11 56 36
1 1 56 3 i
11 5626
11 5622
11 56 19
11 56 16
11 56 14
11 56 12
11 56 11
11 56 11
11 56 11
11 56 11
11 56 13
It 56 15
1 1 56 17
11 56 20
11 56 24
1 1 56 28
1 1 56 32
1 1 56 43
11 56 49
1 1 56 56
11 57 3
11 57 10
11 57 18
1 1 57 ?6
H. M.
933
1017
11 i
1156
"if
250
349
446
540
631
949
1041
1135
1230
125
219
3 9
356
726
8 9
H. M.
658
? 6 o 9
?!
7 4
?!
7 8
?i
711
712
713
7 4
??
7 1
720
721
722
III
727
728
7 29
H. M.
2 6
228
251
3 15
340
411
rises
913
1013
11.1
""23"
54
122
148
247
320
359
sets
913
10 2
1041
Hi!
7'
30
52
1 J6
H. M.
5 2
5 1
5
459
458
457
456
455
454
453
452
451
450
449
448
448
ni
445
444
444
443
443
442
442
441
441
440
439
439
438
H. M.
655
656
657
7
7 1
7 2
7 3
7 3
710
711
712
713
713
715
716
717
7 17
H. M.
2 4
228
252
317
343
417
rises
9 7
10 7
i?il
H. M.
449
448
446
444
443
442
440
439
438
437
436
435
434
if!
430
429
428
427
426
425
til
422
421
420
419
418
417
416
416
H. M.
H
7 8
7
1!
717
718
719
720
721
723
724
725
726
727
735
736
H. M.
m
249
3 9
331
359
rises
ilft
1121
12
-33
IB
211
I 3 !
343
sets
932
1019
1056
1125
1152
20
51
121
h
324
4 4
ri
956
83
""5"
29
53
117
1 12
Full Moon, 5th.
Last Quar., 12th.
6th Month. JUNE, 1917. 30 Days.
New Moon, 19th.
First Quar., 27th.
i
R
.New York, Chicago,
St. Louis, S. Mo.,
St. Paul, Mich.,
C3
4*
H
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Wis., Minn.,N.D.
2
3
g
1
Ore., N.Mo., Ohio,
Okla., Col., Utah,
S. D., Mont., N.
H
S"
&
fc
DAY
OF
03
SUN AT
NOON
MOON
IN
ME-
Pa., N. J., Moss.,
Conn., R. I.
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
Md.. Del.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y., Vt., N. H.
'"'
WKEK.
^
MARK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
H
t, '
^
IAN.
Sun
Sur.
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
<*
^4
5
O
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
O
Q
^
rises.
rises.
rises.
Oon.D.
H. M. S.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
152
214
1 Friday
W 26
1 1 57 35
855
425
729
140
438
718
143
415
740
1 33
IS
213
212
2 'Saturday ..
3 |S UN DAY...
= 10
^ 23
11 57 44
11 57 53
945
1039
425
425
730
730
2 9
42
438
438
719
719
212
247
415
414
741
228
155
211
4 Monday
m 7
11 58 3
1137
425
731
24
437
720
329
414
7 42
3 9
156
210
g
Tuesday
m 21
11 58 13
424
731
rises
437
rises
414
7 42
rises
157
15*
159
160
209
18?
206
9
Wednesday
Thursday...
Friday
Saturday . .
* 5
* 19
* 4
* 18
1 1 58 24
11 58 35
11 58 46
11 58 57
'"38"
11
334
424
423
732
733
733
734
857
944
1022
1056
437
437
436
436
722
851
939
1018
1054
413
413
413
413
743
743
744
744
915
959
1033
11 4
161
205
204
10
11
SUNDAY..
Monday ...
11 59 9
11 59 21
428
518
423
423
734
735
1125
11 52
436
724
118
til
745
746
1128
1152
163
203
12
Tuesday
X 1
11 59 33
6 7
423
736
4 ' ) 1 )
7 24
412
747
164
202
13
Wednesday
X 15
11 59 45
656
423
737
"'26'
436
725
""21*
412
747
""16
165
201
14
Thursday . .
X 28
11 59 48
423
737
49
436
725
52
412
748
41
166
200
15
Friday
T 12
12 11
8 36
4 23
738
1 22
436
725
128
412
749
1 11
167
199
16
Saturday ..
T 25
9 28
423
738
159
436
2 4
412
750
144
169
198
197
17
18
SUNDAY..
Monday...
V 21
12 49
10 22
11 16
423
423
739
239
327
436
436
726
m
412
412
750
751
22
170
196
19
Tuesday . .
H 3
12 1 3
1210
423
7 39
sets
436
7 26
sets
412
sets
171
195
20
Wednesday
H 16
12 1 16
1 1
423
7 39
837
436
7 26
832
412
751
853
172
194
21
Thursday . .
K 28
12 1 29
150
424
740
914
436
726
910
412
751
927
173
193
22
Friday
10
12 1 42
424
740
944
437
727
940
413
751
174
192
23
Saturday...
22
12 1 55
3 19
424
740
10 9
437
727
10 7
413
761
10 16
175
191
24
SUNDAY..
a 3
4
424
740
1034
4 37
727
1032
413
751
10 37
176
190 25
189126
Monday
Tuesday...
fl 15
12 2 21
12 2 33
5 21
424
425
740
740
lift
437
438
727
10 55
1119
413
413
751
751
11 15
17^
27
Wednesday
ip 9
12 2 46 63
425
740
1141
438
7 27
1144
414
751
1136
179
1S7
28
Thursday
TO? 00
12 2 58
6 46
'425
438
7 27
4 14
7 51
11 58
180
186
29
Friday...
"A
4
12 3 11
733
425 740
......
439
727
10
414
751
181
185
3 > Saturday.. .
= 18 1 12 3 22
825
4 26 1 7 40
38
440
727
42
415 751
" " 25
20
ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOK 1U17.
fFull Moon, 4th. -,, -_, TTTT V 1O1V <n T)nv< New Moon, 18th.
Last Quar., llth. 7th Month. JULrl, IVl/. 31 Days. $ First Quar., 27th.
H
S{
<-
F
H
A e\v York, Chicago,
Iowa, Neb., WTO.,
.St. L.ouis, S. Mo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
St. Paul, Mich.,
\Vis., Minn.,N.D.,
w
I*
a
t*
fc
x
o
DAY
OF
I
Srx AT
NOON
MOON
IN
ME-
Ore., N.Mo., Ohio,
Fa.. N. J., Mass.,
Conn., R. I.
Okla., Col., Utah,
Cal., Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
X. Y., Vt., N. H.
M
WEEK.
t.
MAKK.
RU>-
i Moon
Moon
Moon
t-
^
JM
5^
1AN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
-
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
D
d
fi
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
Con.D.
H. M. S.
H. M.
a. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
. M.
H. M.
H. M.
182
184
1
SUNDAY..
m i
12 3 34
920
427
740
115
440
727
120
416
751
59
183
183
2
Monday
ni 15
12 3 16
1020
428
740
2
440
727
2 6
417
751
142
184
3
Tuesday
m 29
12 3 57
1122
429
740
256
441
727
3 2
418
751
237
185,181
4
Wednesday
' 14
12 4 8
429
740
rises
441
727
rises
4 18
751
rises
186
180 5
Thursday ..
if 29
12 4 18
""23"
430
740
442
727
8 15
419
751
833
187
179 6
Friday
* 13
12 4 28
123
431
739
856
443
726
853
420
750
9 5
188
178 7
Saturday...
* 28
12 4 38
219
432
739
9 27
444
726
925
421
750
932
189
177 8
SUNDAY..
- 13
12 4 43
312
432
739
956
444
726
956
421
750
957
190
176 9
Monday
- 27
12 4 57
4 3
433
739
1024
445
725
1025
422
749
1021
191
175 10
174 11
Tuesday....
Wednesday
Y 12
X 25
12 5 6
12 5 14
453
542
433
434
738
737
1052
11 22
446
446
725
724
Hit
422
423
748
748
tttt
193
173 12
Thursday ..
T 9
12 5 22
633
435
737
1158
447
724
421
747
1144
194
172 13
Fridav
T 22
12 5 29
7 25
4 35
7 36
4 47
7 24
'2*
424
7 46
171 14
Saturday..
V 5
818
436
736
o'g'
4 48
723
44
425
746
22
170 15
SUNDAY.
V 18
12 543
911
436
735
124
449
723
130
426
745
1 5
169 16
Monday ...
V 30
12 5 49
10 5
437
734
2 15
450
722
427
744
1 56
198
168
17
Tuesday...
H 12
12 5 55
10 56
438
734
3 12
451
721
3 18
428
743
254
199
167
18
Wednesday
24
12 6
1146
439
733
4 11
451
721
416
429
742
356
200
166
19
Thursday .
C
12 6 4
1232
439
?3 3
sets
452
720
sets
430
741
sets
201
165
20
Friday
18
12 6 8
1 16
440
32
813
453
720
810
431
740
821
20*J
164 21
Saturday ..
30
12 6 12
441
731
833
454
719
836
432
739
842
2()'"$
16322
SUNDAY..
a 12
g 39
442
730
9
454
7 19
859
433
738
9 1
205
162 23
161 24
Monday
Tuesday ...
a 24
np 6
12 6 18
359
443
444
729
728
III
455
456
?!?
925
946
434
435
737
736
923
939
206
207
jos
209
160 25
159 26
158 27
157! 28
Wednesday
Th u rsday . .
Friday
Saturday...
i* 18
np 30
= 13
= 26
12 6 19
12 6 20
12 6 20
12 6 19
441
526
7 (
445
446
44'/
448
?!?
725
724
!s!
1112
1151
457
458
459
459
?5i
714
713
1012
1039
1117
1156
436
437
438
439
735
734
733
732
10 1
1023
1057
1134
210 156 29 iSUNDAY ..
m 9
8 *
449
7 23
5
7 12
440
731
211J155 30 Monday ....
m 23
12 6 15
9 I
450
722
40
5
"" 46"
441
730
'"-22
212 154: ;>1 iTuesriHV
* 7
12 6 13
451
721
1 41
5 1
7 11
147
442
730
122
fS!fe&. ,. AUGUST, 1917. 31 Ba y , f^rJS:
p YEAR. ||
IN YEAR.II
v MONTH!
DAY
OF
: s PLACE
SI T XAT
NOON
MOON
IX
ME-
N*W York, Chicago,
ovva, Nob., Wvo.,
On-., N.Mo., Ohio,
'a.. N. J., Mass.,
Conn., R. I.
St. Louis. S. Mo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Okla., Col., Utah,
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
M<1.. Del.
St. Paul, Mich.,
VVis., Miim..N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
X. Y., Vt.. N. H.
00
WEEK
55
MA UK.
RID-
Moon
Moon
Moon
^H
^
O
IAN.
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
Sun
Sun
sets
^j
<*
^
O
ises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
rises.
sets.
and
O
Q
S
rises.
rises.
rises.
3on.D.
H. 11. S.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
H. M.
I. M. H M.
H. M.
213
214
153
152
i
2
Wednesday
Thursday...
S 2 ?
12 610
12 6 6
11 4
4 52
4 53
?!!
250
rises
5 2
5 2
710
7 9
256
rises
443
444
729
727
234
rises
2151151
3
Friday....
* 22
12 6 1
" "3"
454
717
724
5 3
7 8
722
445
725
731
216150 4 Saturday...
217149 5JSUNDAY..
218148; 6 Monday
219|147| 7 Tuesday....
220146 8 (Wednesday
221 145 9 Thursday .".
- 7
- 22
X 7
X 21
T 5
T 19
12 5 53
12 5 51
12 5 22
59
153
428
520
454
4 f>5
4 56
457
459
5
716
715
714
756
825
854
m
5 4
5 5
5 6
i ?
5 8
7 7
7 6
7 5
?!
755
825
855
446
447
449
450
451
453
724
722
720
719
718
717
946
1022
222 144
223 143
lOlFriday
lllSaturday...
V 15
12 5 14
12 5 4
614
7 8
5 1
5 2
7 9
7 7
1122
......
5 9
510
? j
1128
454
4 55
715
714
114
224 142
12 SUNDAY..
tf 27
12 4 55
8 1
5 3
7 6
511
659
'""is
456
713
225 141
226 140
13 (Monday ....
14 (Tuesday....
H 9
H 2J
12 4 45
12 4 34
853
943
5 4
5 5
1 6
2 4
5 12
513
112
2 9
4 r,s
459
712
710
""48
148
227 139
15 Wednesday
1030
5 6
7 3
3 4
514
654
3 9
7 9
2 51
228: 138
16 Thursday ..
S 15
12 4 11
1115
5 7
7 2
4 4
515
653
4 8
5 2
7 8
354
229 137
17 Friday
27
12 3 59
1157
5 8
7 1
5 3
516
651
5 5
5 3
7 6
455
230 1 136
18 [Saturday.
P
12 3 46
1238
5 9
sets
516
6 50
sets
5 4
7 4
sets
231
135
134
133
19 ISUNDAY .
20 Monday .. .
21 Tuesdav..
2 l
HP 15
12 3 33
12 3 19
12 3 5
118
159
240
5 10
511
5 12
6 53
728
in
517
518
519
111
646
728
743
817
5 5
5 6
5 7
7 2
7 1
7
728
739
8 8
234 132 22
Wednesday
up 27
12 2 50
3 23
5 13
6 51
8 40
5 20
6 44
8 43
5 8
658
830
235 1 131! 23
236|130 24
Thursday .
Friday
- 9
~ 22
12 2 35
12 2 19
4 9
5141650
515 649
911
946
521
5 22
643
642
915
656
654
857
930
237 129 * > 5
Saturdav...
m 5 12 2 3
551
516
647
1031
5 23
640
1037
511
652
1013
238 128:26
SUNDAY..
m 18
12 1 46
6 48
517
645
1125
5 24
639
1131
512
11 7
239 127i 27
Monday
y 2
12 1 29
747
518
644
5 25
637
514
6 48
240126
28
Tuesday
y 16
12 1 12
846
520
643
""so"
526
636
""36
516
6 46
""is
2411125
29
Wednesday
* 30
12 54
945
521
641
139
527
635
144
517
645
124
242 124 30 Thursday..
243 123 31 Friday
* 15
- 1
12 36
12 18
1042
1137
522
5 23
639
6 38
257
4 15
528 634
5 28 1 6 33
3 1
417
5 18
519
643
641
246
4 8
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
21
Full Moon, 1,30. flth nT , fll
Last Quar., 8th. 9th Month -
New Moon > 16th -
Firgt Quar ^ 24thi
247
248
249
250 116
251
252 114
253
254
255
122
121
120
119
118
\\l
115
108
259 107
260 10*
105
32 104
263 103
264 102
265 101
26i> 100
267
270
271
273
109 14
DAY
OF
WEEK.
Saturdaj
SUNDA1
Monday
4 Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday...
Friday
Saturda^..
SUNDAY..
Monday...
Tuesday...
Wednesday
Thursday-
Friday
Saturday .
SUNDAY.
Monday...
le
17
18
19
20
21 Friday..:..
22 Saturday..
23 'SUNDAY.
24 Monday...
2
2
27 Thursday..
28 Friday .....
29 Saturday..
30 [SUNDAY .
Wednesdaj
Thursday .
4 Monday...
5 Tuesday . .
6 Wednesdaj
;ou.D
- 16
X 1
X 16
T
T
T
V 1
W 24
H 6
K 18
30
11
8 24
ft 6
ft 18
- 24
X
SUN AT
NOON
MARK.
MOON
IN
ME-
>ewYork, Chicago,
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
., N.Mo., Ohio
Pa., N. J., Mass.
Conn., R. I.
Sun
rises.
Sun
sets.
529
534
535
543
5f>4
627
618
616
545
Moon
rises
and
53
157
256
355
453
551
sets
645
715
748
829
920
1017
1124
150
3 6
421
rises
st. Louis, s. Mo.,
3. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Okla., Col., Utah,
Cal., Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
Sun
a. M.
529
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
538
539
540
541
542
I!!
545
546
547
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
5 55
Sun
614
550
Moon
rises
and
sets.
St. faul, Mich.,
Vis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
. Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
rises.
535
553
554
555
Sun
617
615
6
558
548
546
544
Moon
rises
and
sets.
H. M.
rises
650
71V
74(
I'll
""38
145
248
350
732
812
9 1
3 1
420
rises
Sh.
10th Month. OCTOBER, 1917. 31 Days.
First Quar., 23d.
Full Moon, 30th.
276
277
278
279
280
281
285
286
287
291
292
293
294
295
DAY
OP
WEEK.
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday-
Thursday. ..
5 Friday
6 Saturday...
7 (SUNDAY..
8 Monday
9 Tuesday
10 Wednesday
11 Thursday..
12 Friday
13 (Saturday ..
14 [SUNDAY
15 iMonday
16 iTuesday.. .
17 [Wednesday
18 (Thursday ..
19 Friday
20 .Saturday...
21 SUNDAY...
22 Monday
23 Tuesday....
24 [Wednesday
25 Thursday..
2(3 Friday
Saturday .
'SUNDAY..
.Monday
^Tuesday ...
31 !Wedresdav
K 18
SUN AT
NOON
MARK.
MOON
IN
ME-
RID-
IAN.
New York, Chicago,
Iowa, Neb., Wyo.,
On-., N.Mo., Ohio,
I'a.. N. J., Mass.,
Conn., R. I.
Sun
rises.
6 3
611
612
(J 13
614
615
616
618
619
621
822
624
625
626
627
628
629
(i 30
Sun
519
Moon
rises
and
t. LiOuis, a. MO.
S. 111., Ind., Kas.
Okla., Col., Utah
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
Sun-
558
Sun
540
559 538
5 36
619
Moon
rises
and
sets.
DC. Irani, Mich.,
Wis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N. Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
559
6
3 1
6 2
6 7
6 8
610
Sun
sets.
539
538
536
524
522
517
516
514
512
510
5 5
5 3
5 2
ill
454
453
451
Moon
rises
and
sets.
H. M.
742
834
40
141
244
549
sets
536
613
314
432
550
rises
5 31
22
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
,4 6 S
llth Month NOVEMBER, 1917. 30 Days. |
r., 21st.
i. 28th.
DAY
OF
WEEK.
StTN AT
NOON
MARK.
MOON
IN
ME-
HID-
IAN.
York, Chicago
Iowa, Neb., Wvo.,
Ore., N.Mo., Ohio
Pa., N. J., Mass.
Conn., R. I.
Sun
rises
.Sun
sets.
Moon
rises
and
sets.
St. Louis. S. Mo.,
S. 111., Ind., Kas.,
Okla., Col., Utah
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
Sun
Sun
Moon
rises
and
St. Paul, Mich.,
Wis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
N T . Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
rises.
Sun
Moon
rises
and
sets.
305
30b
307
311
314
||i
318
319
320
321
324
325
326
35
Thursday..
Friday
Saturday .
SUNDAY
Monday ...
Tuesday...
Wednesdaj
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday .
11 SUNDAY.
Monday...
Tuesday...
Wednesdaj
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday. .
-UNDAY.
Monday...
20 Tuesday..
21
30
Wednesday
Thursday
riday
Saturda
SUNDA
Monday....
Tuesday....
Vednesday
Thursday . .
riday ......
ay..
Y.
Con.D
15
28
11
H 23
5
17
29
11
S) 23
Si?
TS
~ 25
,K 18
* 2
* 16
30
:y
X 13
M 27
V 11
V 25
W 9
11 45 56
11 46 11
11 46 27
11 46 44
11 47 2
11 47 21
11 47 40
11 48
11 48 21
1 1 4 42
646
652
H53
654
655
H56
446
445
443
442
Wfr
639
640
641
642
644
H 45
646
647
648
6 50
655
656
658
7 2
7 3
U
7 7
7 9
710
711
?JI
714
715
H. M.
449
448
III
443
442
441
436
431
430
ll
427
426
426
422
421
421
a. M.
622
720
ill
337
443
548
655
sets
y
8 2
rises
5 &
6 5
Sfe.
DECEMBER, 1917.
31
80
29
339 2
LI
34!
34!
350
53
356
357
858
863
364
H65
DAY
OF
WEEK.
Saturday .
SUNDAY .
Monday ...
Tuesday...
Wednesday
Thursday-
Friday
Saturday .
SUNDAY .
Monday...
Tuesday...
Wednesday
Thursday..
Friday
Saturday .
SUNDAY.
Monday...
Tuesday...
Wednesda
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday..
SUNDAY.
Monday....
Tuesday.. .
Wednesday
Thursday .
Friday
Saturday..
SUNDAY.
Monday...
SUN AT
NOON
MARK.
11 54 13
11 54 42
V ISC
HIS
/xorK.uhicago
owa, Neb., Wyo.,
)re. f N.Mo., Ohio
a., N. J., Mass.
Conn., R. I.
Moon
Sun Sun rises
ises. sets, and
7 9
710
12
13
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
721
721
722
722
723
724
724
725
725
725
26
26
26
727
727
728
29
37
51. LXJU1S, &. MO.
111., Ind., Kas.,
Dkla., Col., Utah
Cal.. Ky., Va.,
Md., Del.
Sun
ises.
Sun
Moon
rises
and
sets.
or. faul, Alich.,
IVis., Minn.,N.D.,
S. D., Mont., N.
Idaho, Wash., N.
M. Y., Vt., N. H.
Sun
ises.
i. M.
716
m
19
720
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
732
33
34
34
735
735
736
736
737
737
737
738
738
739
739
Sun
421
420
419
419
4 19
420
420
4 20
420
421
421
422
423
427
Moon
rises
and
sets.
H. M.
is
917
1020
11 19
""23
124
227
331
651
sets
549
1048
Til
234
348
457
I'll
II
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
A READY-REFERENCE CALENDAR.
For ascertaining any day of the week for any given time within two hundred years from the introduc-
tion oS. the New Style. *1752 to 1952 inclusive.
YEARS 1753 TO 1952.
Shi &
sMs
JSS
1767
1807
1789
1829
1795
1835
1846
1863 1874
1914 1925
1891
1942
351
72
111
ill 3
13
1779
1819
1841 1847
1869 1875
1915 1926
1886 U
1937 11
1462
735
13
1763
1814
1774
1825
1785
1831
1791
1842
1853
1910
1870 1881
1921 1927 1938 1 1949
735
24
1754
1765
1811
1771
1822
1782
1833
1793
1839
VS&
1901
1861
1907
1867 1878 1889 1895 2
1918 1 1929 1 1935 1946 I
13
61
4712
57
1755
1806
1766
1817
1777
1823
1783
1834
1794
1845
1800
1851
1902
1913
1873
1919
1 1879 1890
11930 194111947
3 616 2
513 6
1768
1809
1769
1815
1775
1826
1786
1837
1797 l
1843 I
1854
1905
1865
1911
1871
1922|
73
46
73
1753
1810
1759
1821
1770
1827
1781
1838
1787
1849
1798
1855
1866
1906
1877
1917
1883
1923
1894
1934
1 4
LEAP YEARS.
1764 1 1792 1804 1832 1860 1888 | 1928 1 |7|3|4|7|2|5|7|3|6|1|4|6
1768 1796 1808 183< 1864 1892 I 1904 1 1932 |5|1|2|5|7|3|5|1|4|6|2|4
1772 1812 1840. 1868 1896 ! 1908 1 1936 |3|6|7|3|5|1|3|6|2|4|7|2
1780 1820 1848 1876 1 1916 1 1944 1 6 | 2 1 3 6|l|4j6l2|5|7|3|6
1756 1784 1824 18.>2 1880 1 1920 1 1948 I 4 I 7 i 1 I 4 | 6 I 2 I 4 I 7 1 3 I 5 I 1 I 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Monday ... 1
Tuesday.... 2
Tuesday 1
Wednesday. 2
Wednesday. 1
Thursday ... 2
Thursday... 1
Friday 2
Friday 1
Saturday.... 1
SUNDAY... 2
SUNDAY... I
Monday 2
Saturday 2
Wednesday 3
Thursday... 3
Friday 3
Saturday.... 8
SUNDAY... 3 Monday 3
Tuesday 8
Thursday.. 4
Friday 5
Friday 4
Saturday... 5
Saturday.... 4
SUNDAY... 5
SUNDAY... 4
Monday 5
Monday 4 Tuesday.... 4
Tuesday.... 5 Wednesday. 5
Wednesday. 4
Thursday... 6
Saturday... 6 SUNDAY... 6
Monday 6
Tuesday .... 6
Wednesday. 6
Thursday... 6
Friday 6
SUNDAY.. 7
Monday 8
Tuesday 9
Monday 7
Tuesday 8
Wednesday. 9
Tuesday 7
Wednesday. 8
Thursday... 9
Wednesday. 7
Thursday... 8
Friday 9
Thursday... 7
Friday 8
Saturday.... 9
Friday 7
Saturday 8
SUNDAY... 9
Saturday.... 7
SUNDAY... 8
Monday 9
Wednesday. 10
Thursday... 10
BMday 10
aturday....lO
SUNDAY... 10
Monday 10
Tuesday ....10
Thursday. . .11 1 Friday .."... .11
Saturday.... 11
UNDAY. ..11
Monday 11
Tuesday 11
Wednesday.il
Friday 12 (Saturday ...12
SUNDAY... 12
Monday 13
Tuesday ....12
Wednesday. 12
Thursday ...12
Saturday. . . . 13 1 SUNDAY.. . .13
SUNDAY ... 14 | Monday 14
Monday 13
Tuesday 14
Tuesday 13
Wednesday.14
Wednesday.13
Thursday ...14
Thursday.... 13
Friday 14
Friday 13
Saturday.... 14
Monday 15
Tuesday 16
Tuesday 15
Wednesday .16
Wednesday .15
Thursday ...16
Thursday ...15
Friday 16
Friday 15
Saturday.... 16
faturday 15
UNDAY.. .16
SUN DAY ...15
Monday 16
Wednesday.17
Thursday... 17
Friday 17
Saturday.... 17
SUNDAY ...17
Monday 17
Tuesday 17
Thursday. .18
Friday 18
Saturday.... 18
SUNDAY... 18
Monday 18
Tuesday 18
Wednesday.18
Friday 19
Saturday.... 19
SUNDAY. ..19
Monday 19
Tuesday ....19
Wednesday.il)
Thursday... 19
Saturday 20
SUNDAY... 20
Monday 20
Tuesday 2(]
Wednesday .20
Thursday... 20
Friday 20
SUNDAY... 21
Monday.,... 22
Tuesday . . . .23
Monday 21
Tuesday 22
Wednesday.23
Tuesday 21
Wednesday. 22
Thursday... 23
\Vednesday.21
Thursday... 22
Friday 23
Thursday... 21
Friday 22
Saturday.... 23
Friday 21
Saturday 22
SUNDAY ...23
taturday 21
UNDAY. ..22
Monday 23
Wednesday .24
Thursday... 24
Friday 24
Saturday. ...24
SUNDAY ...24
Monday 24
Tuesday ....24
Thursday... 25
Friday 25
Saturday.... 25
SUNDAY.. ..25
Monday 25
Tuesday . . . .25
Wednesday.25
Friday 26 Saturday.... 26
SUN DAY... 26
Monday 26
Tuesday ... .26
Wednesday.26
Thursday... 26
Saturday . . .27 i SUNDAY. . .27
SUNDAY. . .28 ! Monday 28
Monday ... .29 iTuesda'y . . . .2!)
Monday 27
Tuesday ....28
Wednesday.29
Tuesday 27
Wednesday.28
Thursday... 29
Wednesday .27
Thursday. . .28
Friday 29
Thursday. .27
Friday 28
Saturday.. .29
Friday 27
Saturday ...28
SUNDAY. ..29
Tuesday ... .30 i Wednesday .30
Thursday... 30
Friday 3C
Saturday.. ..30
SUNDAY.. .30
Monday 30
Wednesday.31 Thursday. . .31
Friday 31
Saturday.... 31
SUNDAY.... 31
Monday... .31
Tuesday 31
NOTE To ascertain any clay of the week first
look in the table for the year required and under
tlie months are figures which refer to the corre-
sponding figures at the head of the columns of
days below. For example: To know on what
nay of the week July 4 was in the year 1895, in the
table of years look for 1895, and in a parallel
line, under July, is figure 1, which directs to
column 1. in which it will be seen that July 4
falls on Thursday.
'1752 same as 1772 from Jan. 1 to Sept. 2.
From Sept. 14 to Dec. 31 same as 1780 (Sept.
3-13 were omitted). This Calendar is from Whit-
akr's London Almanack, with some revisions.
24
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 191'
CHART OF THE HEAVENS.
EXPLANATION The chart of the heavens shows
all the bright stars and groups visible iu th'e
United States, Canada. Cuba and Hawaii. Stars
of the third magnitude are sometimes shown iu
order to complete a figure.
If a bright, uncharted body be seen near the
"ecliptic circle" it must be a planet. To lo-
cate the planets or moon refer to the monthly
calendar pages in this almanac, find the proper
signs on the chart in the "ecliptic circle" and
an inspection of that part of the heavens, com-
paring with the chart, will serve to identify
the planet and all surrounding objects.
Because of the earth's motion from west to
east (opposite to the direction of the arrow in
the ch?rt), the stars rise 4 m. earlier each day
or 30 m. per week or 2 hrs. a month. The
chart shows the position at 9 p. m. Then if the
position for any other hour be desired, as for
7 p. m., count ahead one mouth, or back one
month for 11 p. m., and so on lor any hour of
the night, holding the month desired in front
as the face looks eitfcer to the north or south
with name down.
A circle described from the zenith on the
"zenith circle" for tne desired latitude with a
radius of 90 degrees (see graduated meridian)
will show wtoat stars are above the horizon.
Thus Capella is near the overhead (zenith) point
on latitude 40 degrees north Jan. 15, 9 p. m.,
as will be "big dipper" at 3 a. m. Then from
Capella or two stars all the surrounding visible
groups can be identified. The "pointers," being
5 degrees apart and always in sight, may be used
as a convenient unit of measure : also wlion
visible, the "belt of Orion." 3 degrees, or the
sides of the "square or fegasus."
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
POSITIONS OF THE PRINCIPAL PLANETS, 1917.
Mean time.
DAY.
"" ,5
?]
Feb 1
11
21
Men. 1
Apri r
21
June 1
11
July ~j
21
Aug. 1
11
21
Oct. 1
11
21
Nov. 1
11
21
Dec. 1
11
21
31
Right
ascen
sion.
Hours
XVI
XV11
XVIII
XX
XX
xxi
III^
iv
vi%
VII
VIII
Xll
xii*
XIII
IV
%
xvim
XVIIlfc
xx
XX
XXI
XXI
South-
ern
states.
MARS.C?
Right
ascen-
sion.
Hours.
XXI
....Invisible....
51
39
35
14
12 Ev,
11 44
11 27
11 5
JUPITEH.3
Right
ascen-
sion.
Hours.
North
era
states
South-
ern
states.
H.M
Set*.
Morn.
1 20
43
8
Eve.
10 54
10 24
9 59
9 29
Is?
7 59
....Invisible...
H. M.
I Sets.
1 Morn.
I 1 25
O 50
17
Eve.
11 6
10 35
10 10
SATUKN.b
South-
ern
states.
H.M.
Rises,
Eve.
6 25
Sets.
Rises.
Morn.
2 54
2 20
1 46
1 12
37
Eve.
11 23
10 45
10
9 27
8 47
NOTE The column "Right Ascension" shows
the position of the planet in the ecliptic as it
moves past the stars and corresponds to longi-
tude on the earth. Both must have a starting
point and longitude is reckoned by general con-
sent from Greenwich, England, while right as-
cension is measured from tl>e first point of the
sign Aries (constellation Pisces) which the
prime meridian of the heavens, connecting the
poles, passes through. The reader will see
these hours from to 24 laid off and marked
by Roman letters, as in the above table, in
the outer space on the Chart of the Heavens.
Example: It is desired to know the place of
Venus May 16. By the above table her place on
May 11 is 111% hours and on May 21 IV% hours,
which point on the chart margin connect with
the pole star, by a straight edge, as a ruler or
envelope margin, and where the line intersects
the ecliptic circle, there you will find Venus at
the time given, which in this case is about mid-
way between the Pleiades and the Hyades, two
prominent objects. Again on July 26 her R. A.
is IX% hours, which falls just to the right or
west of the brilliant Regulus in the Sickle, in
the constellation Leo.
POSITIONS OF PLANETS ON SUNDAYS OF EACH MONTH IN 1917.
PLANETS.
Jan.
Feb.
March
Apr.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Venus 1st Sunday.,
Ccn.
Tfi
Con.
J -5
Con.
Con.
X
Con.
T
Con.
tt
Con.
v
Con.
Q
Con.
TIP
Con.
Con.
m
*
Con.
X -0
Mars 2d Sunday
5
$ -
_
x
T
T
#
H
O
Jupiter, 3d Sunday ... ..
X
jt
X
H
T
T
T
T
tf
V
v
tf
V
tf
Uranus. 5th Sunday
5
-6
c
*
MOON'S POSITIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE EARTH AND SUN FOR 1917.
23
20
21
IT
13
s
6
3
1-29
W
24
18
5
i "s
28
24
22
17
15
11
5
1-29
26t
19
l(j
15
n
9
5*
-29
26
22
19
16
n
g
5
3-81
27
24
20
17
14
16
7
3-30 '
28
Asc. Node
22
19
18
14
11
r
4
1-28
24
21
17
15
*Lowest of the entire year. tHighest of the
entire year. At the time of full moon in
December the moon will be 57 higher up from
the southern horizon at its meridian passage
than it will be in June when full. This great
swing of our luminary of the night is readily
understood when we remember that the full
moon must always be on the opposite side of
the earth from the sun, or just 180 from the
sun. Hence, when the sun is highest in June,
that full moon which falls nearest the summer
solstice, June 21, will be the lowest, which thig
year is June 5 or July 5 and conversely at the
winter solstice. Of course, these conditions will
be reversed south of the equator. The differ-
ence in the swing from lowest to highest may
be 57, the inclination of the sun's apparent
path around the earth being 23%, which being
multiplied by 2 equals 47. Then, the inclination
of the moon's orbit to the ecliptic being about
5, there may be 10 more difference, or 57
in all.
26
ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
CHART SHOWING LIGHT AND DARK MOON IN 1917.
Jan. Feb.IMeh.IADf. I Mail
June I Jalu
Auq
DCC.
Mate vl Mo
Ev.
EvMc
Explanation: The small divisions are of three
hours each and each month shows the relative
amount of moonlight in the twelve hours from
6 p. m. to 6 a. m. Allowance should be made
for the increase of days' length in summer and
decrease in winter mouths. Thus, Jan. 1 the
moon will shine until midnight; all night- on
the 7th ; after 9 p. m. on the 12th ; after mid-
night on the 15th ; after 3 a. m. on the 19th,
and not at all on the 23d.
SIDEREAL NOON OR MERIDIAN PASSAGE OF THE VERNAL EQTTINOX.
For use in connection with star table. See note under same.
Day. Jan. Feb. March. April. May. June. July. Aug.
8 20
NOTE-Black figures
H.M.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov. Deo.
H.M.
are p. m.; all others a. m.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
27
THE BRIGHTEST STARS.
NAME.
Constellation
or group.
Magni-
tude,
(v.: va-
riable.)
Right
ascension.
Sidereal
t me.
Declina-
tion.
For upper
meridian
passage.
Mn. time.
For rising, subtract.
For setting, add.t
For
lat.
30 N.
For
lat.
40 N.
For
lat.
50 N.
Alpheratz
Andromeda
Cassiopeia
Pegasus
2.1
2.4
2.8
3.0
2.3v
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.2
0.4
2.8
2.2
2.1
2.1 v
2.6
2.6 v
1.9
3.1
1.0
0.1
0.3
1.8
2.3
1.8
2.7
2.3
0.9
2.0
0.8
-W
1.5
1.9
0.5
1.2
3.8
2.1
1.8
1.6 v
2.0
2.2
1.6
2.8
2.4
1.1
0.7
0.2
0.2
2.9
2.2
2.3
2.7
2.9
1.2
2.8
2.5
0.1
2.1
0.9
3.7
1.4
26
2.9
2.4
1.9
1.3
4.3
H. M.
4
4
9
21
35
39
51
5
20
27
34
50
1 58
2 2
2 14
2 58
3 2
3 18
3 42
4 31
5 10
5 10
5 21
5 32
5 36
5 43
5 50
5 53
6 22
6 33
6 41
6 55
7 29
7 35
7 40
8 12
9 23
10 4
10 42
10 58
11 44
12 22
12 30
13 20
13 20
13 57
14 12
14 33
14 46
14 51
15 31
15 40
16
16 24
16 26
17 54
18 34
18 50
19 46
20 13
20 38
21 lt>
21 27
21 40
22 33
22 53
23
23 35
-Deg. Min
-pJ8 36
+58 40
+14 41
43 19
+56 30
-18 39
+60 14
+35 9
+59 46
+88 50
-57 41
+20 22
+41 54
+23 3
- 3 26
+ 3 44
+40 37
+49 33
+23 50
+16 20
+45 55
8 18
+28 32
22
- 1 15
-34 8
-9 42
+ 7 24
+44 56
-52 39
+16 29
16 3t>
-28 51
+ 5 27
+28 15
+ 9 28
- 8 16
+12 25
-59 13
+62 14
+15 4
62 36
-22 54
+5 22
-10 42
-59 56
+19 39
-0 28
-15 40
$ 3 !
+ 6 42
19 34
-26 14
+21 41
+51 30
+38 42
26 25
+ 8 38
-12 49
+44 58
+62 13
-5 58
+ 9 28
47 24
-30 6
+14 44
+ 5 9
H. M.
3
4
8
21
35
38
50
4
19
24
34
49
57
2 1
2 13
2 56
3
3 18
3 41
4 29
5 9
5 9
5 19
5 26
5 30
5 35
5 42
5 49
5 51
6 21
6 31
6 40
6 54
7 27
7 33
7 38
8 10
9 21
10 1
10 39
10 56
1 42
12 1H
12 27
13 18
13 18
13 54
14 9
14 30
14 43
14 48
15 28
15 37
15 57
16 20
16 23
17 51
18 30
18 46
19 43
20 9
20 35
21 12
21 23
21 36
21 58
22 48
22 56
23 31
H. M.
7 18
H. M.
7 52
H. M.
8 39
Caph
Algenlb
6 39
3 51*
9 56
20
6 51
2 25*
7^18
Alpha
Schedir
Diphda
Gamma
Mirach
Cassiopeia
Cetus (whale) ...
Cassiopeia
Andromeda
Cassiopeia
Ursa Minor
Eridanus
Aries (ram) T . . . .
Andromeda
Aries T
Cetus
Cetus
Perseus
Perseua
Taurus (bulli^..
Taurus V
Auriga.
4 53
4 36
7 37
'8"29'
9 48
Delta
Polaris
1 37*
6 54
8
7 1
5 51
6 12
8
8 52
7 3
6 39
8 28
5 45
7 18
6 2
6 1
4 30
5 42
6 22
8 22
2 46*
6 44
5 25
4 51
7 30
6 17
Jl?
5 45
6 34
1 3*
7 14
9 21
7 26
5 51
6 13
9 10
"7"29"
6 58
10 14
5 31
7 52
6 2
6 1
3 37*
5 26
6 26
9 ^53
6 59
5 1
4 7
8 11
6 19
7 50
6 33
5 31
6 44
7 52
" *8" '6
5 '46
6 20
Sheratau
Almaacli
Hamel
Mira
Menkar
Algol
Marfak .
'"s'iz
7 26
5"27
M
!!
5 17
6 42
7 27
4 45
3 20
9 19
6 30
8 42
6 50
5 24
7 4
*
Alcyone
Aldebaran
Capella
Rigel
Orion
El Nalh
Taurus tf
Orion
Orion
Columba (dove)..
Orion
Orion
Mintaka .
AINilam
Phaet
Saiph
Betelgeuse
Menkal iiiii
Canopus
Alhena.
Artcus
Gemini (twins) K
Canis Major
Canis Major
Gemini H
Canis Minor
Gemini M
Cancer (crab) ,
Hydra
Sirius..
Adhara
Castor
Pollux
Beta..
Alphard
Regulus
Eta
Leo (lion) f>
Argus
Dubhe
Denebola
Ursa Major
Leo o
Southern Cross .
Corvus (crow)
Ursa Major
Virgo (virgin) V
Centaurus
6 41
1 0*
5 9
6 ^54
4 35
7 18
*
4 13
Acrux
Beta
Mizar
Spica,
5 40
1 9*
6 42
52*
5 27
5^23
7 12
*
5 4
""b'iz
7 ^45
4 47
Ago n u ,
Arcturus
Bengula
Alpha.. ..
Bootes. .
Centaurus..
Libra (scales) =.
Ursa Minor
Northern Crown.
terpent Bearer.,
corpion TTI
Scorpion in.
Hercules
Kochab
Alpha
7 13
6 20
5 16
4 58
6 58
9 8
7 52
4 58
6 24
5 35
8 22
7 44
6 23
k 4 54
4 20
7 20-
8 34
6 35
4 24
3 42
7 57
Unuk.
Beta
Antares
Rutilicus
Vega
Lyra ....
8 54
4 19
6 30
5 19
9 56
10 52
3 38*
6 45
4 56
Delta
Sagittarius y
Eagle...
Capricorn
Cygnus (swan)...
Cephus
Aquarius -
Altair
Alpha..
Deneb
Alderamin
Beta
5 41
6 26
3 26*
4 46
6 39
6 If,
5 43
6 33
1 21*
4
6 52
6 17
6^50
3 11
7 16
6 28
Eni
Alpha
Fomalhaut
Pisces Austraies.
Pegasus
Pisces x
Markab .
Iota
Explanation : Bv the absolute scale of magni-
tudes stars brighter than Aldebaran and Altair
are indicated by fractional or negative quanti-
ties: thus Vega 0.2 and Sirius 1.4. As the
magnitudes increase the brilliancy decreases,
each increase of a unit being equal to a decrease
or about two and one-halt In brightness.
To ascertain when any star or constellation
Will be on the upper meridian add the number
opposite in the column "For Meridian Passage"
to the figures in the table on the following page.
"Sidereal Noon," taking note whether such fig-
ures be "Morn." or "Eve." If "Morn." and the
sum is more than I2n. tne result will be Eve. of
same day; if "Eve." and the sum is more than
the result will be Morn, of the next day
Having found the time of meridian passage, for
tne rising subtract ana ror tne setting add the
numbers opposite tne star in the column headed
"For Rising and Setting" (t) and observe the di-
rections as to Morn, and Eve. given for the
meridian passage. Those marked ( ) in the
last columns are circumpolar. Stars having an
asterisk (*) in the last columns are to be seen
only in the far south and then when near the
meridian, as the vapors of the horizon will pre-
vent seeing them wnen they rise or set. To tell
how high ur from the nearest point of the hori-
zon a star will oe at its meridian passage SUD-
tract the star's declination from 90 and if the
28
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
result is less tnan tne latitude or the place of
tne observer that star will neither rise nor set.
out is circumpoiar, and tne unterence between
tnat result ana tne latitude snows tne star's
altitude above the north point of the horizon or
below the southern horizon. Or (90 dec.) lat.
=alt. or elevation ot the star above the nearest
point of the horizon at meridian passage for
stars of a southern declination. Examples:
Sidereal noon, Oct. 30, 9:27 p. m.
Fomalhaut "in Meria." col., 22: 48
32:15
Subtract. 24:00
8:15 p.m. of the 31st.
lime of merid-
ian passage.
Fomalhaut ris.and set.col.add 4:00 for lat. 40 N.
12:15 = 0:15 a. m. of
Nov.l. the time
of setting.
Fomalhaut, dec. 30 S. 90 30 = 60,
40 = 20, altitude of Fomalhaut in latitude 40
at its meridian passage. To measure celestial
distances with the eye keep in mind that one-
third of the distance from the zenith to the
horizon is 30. For smaller measurements use
the belt of Orion, 3 long, or the sides of the
Square of Pegasus; the "pointers" in the "biff
dipper," which are nearly 5 apart a convenient
celestial yardstick because always to be seen.
In the case of a star whose dec. is such as to
bring it nearer to the zenith than to a horizon
at meridian passage, it will be more convenient
to use its zenith distance as a means of locat-
ing it. The difference between the latitude and
dec. is this zenitn distance. If the dec. is
greater than the latitude then such distance is
to be counted northward, otherwise southward
from the zenith.
STORY OF OTTR WORLD
THE SUN In tracing the relationship, origin
and age of living and fossil forms, present con-
ditions form the basis of all work. So, likewise,
in world study or astronomy. We know that
the sun is a dark body surrounded by an en-
velope of burning gases, in which are all the
elements that enter into the earth's structure.
Therefore, in the "beginning" of Genesis the earth
and sun were one and likewise all the other
members of this world family, and a knowledge
of our natural laws is the key tliat opens the
door and reveals to us conditions that obtain
in other worlds, their weight, size, distance,
etc. The bright solar envelope is torn asunder
with convulsions, revealing the dark interior
(sun spots), large enough to roll a dozen earths
into, and when these are largest and most numer-
.ous, about every eleven years, the earth trembles
in sympathy, evident in earthquakes, volcanic
activity and unusual meteorological conditions.
Such was the year 1915.
During total eclipses of the sun opportunity
is afforded to steal many of his secrets, es-
pecially in such eclipses as are of T longest
totality, as in 1933, 1980. 2009 and 2038, which
leaves much time for gain in knowledge and
improvement in apparatus.
MERCURY Because of his nearness to the sun,
this planet is invisible most of the time, and is
therefore the least known of our family of naked-
eye worlds. Special endeavor must always be
made to see him, by knowing the time and place
to look, and then he shows up gloriously. This
year the conditions will be most favorable near
the "break o' day," Feb. 1-10 and Oct. 1-10 and
near the close of twilight, Jap. 1-10, April 5-15
and Dec. 15-20 ; always seek him near the sun-
rise point of the horizon in the morning and
the sunset point in the evening. When an un-
usually bright "star" is seen at these times
and places the observer may be certain of
having seen the youngest of our world family
to whom no descendants or moons have been
vouchsafed, so far as we know.
VENUS The goddess of beauty will not, how-
ever, attract much attention until the evenings
of fall and winter, being invisible the latter
part of April when hidden from us by the sun
and only dimly visible for weeks before inii
after N that, owing to her great distance from
us and~ proximity to the sun. Indeed, she will
appear seventeen times larger in December than
in May, even though at the first date she will
present quite her full phase, while at the last
date she will only show a thin crescent or new
moon phase. (See the annexed cut and explana-
tion.)
At the beginning of the year Venus will be
in Scorpio and about 10 northeast of the red
star Antares ; enters the western boundary of
the Milky Way about Jan. 8, emerging on its
eastern side on the 20th and at the end of the
handle of the Milkmaid's Dipper; 1 north of
moon Jan. 21 and less than 3 south of Mer-
cury Jan. 30. On Feb. 20 the moon will over-
FAMILY FOR A. D, 1917.
take her while in Capricornus, just south of
the two bright stars in the horns of the Goat,
and pass 3 to the south of her, her phase being
nearly like A of E in above cut. We will pass
on over the period when she is unfavorably
situated and pick up her course from July 1,
when she will be found midway between
Prsesepe the Beehive and Pollux in Gemini,
close to Saturn (1 north) July 4 and in line
with Castor and Pollux 5 northwest of her,
setting at 9 p. m. with Procyon 15 southwest
and Sirius 15 still further southwest ; July 26
a little north of Regulus, in the end of the
handle of the Sickle in Leo, making an attrac-
tive grouping of interesting objects. Praesepe,
Toward the Sun
N
As seen in the morning As seen in the evening
west of sun. east of sun.
A. April 11, 1917 About fifteen days before
superior conjunction with the sun.
B. April 21, 1918 At greatest angular dis-
tance west of the sun.
C. March 16, 1918 When brightest as a morn-
ing star.
D. In February, 1918 Just after inferior con-
junction with the sun. ^
E. About May 11 Fifteen days after superior
conjunction with the sun.
F. About Nov. 30 When at greatest angular
distance east of the sun.
G. Jan. 5, 1918 When brightest as an evening
star.
H. Feb. 3, 1918 A week before inferior con-
junction with the sun.
or the Beehive, which is easily visible to the
naked eye on a line joining Venus and Regulus,
becomes beautiful under the slightest optical aid,
bringing out a wealth of glittering suns. This
is only one of the numerous "island universes"
of the heavens, similar to the Galaxy, or Milky
Way. Imagine our own sun and family in the
midst of such a group of suns each far brighter
than our brightest stars or planets, satellites,
comets, etc., with their ever recurring phe-
nomena. This group has been repeatedly mis-
taken for a comet and early observers called
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
29
it the "Nebula of Cancer," but even a good
night glass causes its filmy appearance to dis-
appear and brings out the swarms of twinkling
suns.
The latter part of August Venus will be 10
south from Denebola in Leo and 6 north of
the moon Aug. 20; by the 10th of September
she will be less than 2 north of Spica Virginis
and 4 north of the moon Sept. 19 and 30 south
of Arcturus on the 20th, entering the Square of
Libra Oct. 1. In this vicinity will be found the
Northern Crown and 15 to the left of it and
on a line connecting it with Vega Lyra is to
be seen, as a dim patch of light, another vast
"island universe" in the constellation Hercules.
This is the largest and richest of the naked-eye
star groups and one which, before the time of
telescopes, was supposed to be a great nebula.
Even a small instrument will so bring out its
glories as to compel exclamations of wonder.
By Oct. 15-20 Venus will have passed into Scor-
pio close to and north of Antares and completes
her circuit of the heavens, being close to the
moon Oct. 19 (an occultation in southern lati-
tudes). During November she passes through the
constellation Sagittarius just above or north of
the Milkmaid's Dipper, and will be 4 south of
the moon Nov. 18; will reach her greatest angular
distance from' the sun (47 18') Nov. 30, when a
line from the north star through the Great Cross
to Aquila and extended 30 will reach her. Note
that the "Apex of the Heavens" is shown on
the chart between Lyra and the Great Cross.
It is about this point that our family is re-
volving. She will be in line with Polaris, Deneb
and Job's Coffin Dec. 10 and 30 south of the
last, finally attaining her greatest brilliancy and
passing 5 south of the moon Dec. 31.
MARS Will not be a conspicuous object at
any time during the year, because of his near-
ness to the sun not in real but angular dis-
tance (see chart). Being in conjunction with
the sun Feb. 28, he will be quite invisible in
February and March. When first easily seen,
in June, he will be in close company with
Jupiter, being nearest him June 8. when only
^4 north of him, rising about 3 a. m., with the
Pleiades just north of them ; 10 north of the
moon July 16 and passing just north of Aldeb-
aran in the Hyades near the end of July ;
Aug. 1 midway between Betelgeuse and Capella
and Aug. 14 % north of the moon; Aug. 20
in line with Sirius and Castor, forming a neat
triangle with Castor and Pollux ; 3 north of
the moon Sept. 11 and Sept. 20 in the Beehive ;
4 north of Saturn Oct. 1 a beautiful sight
just east of the Beehive ; last of October just
north of Regulus ; 5 north of moon Oct. 10 ; 6
north Nov. 8 and 8 north Dec. 7. He begins
to rise before midnight about Dec. 1 and hence
then becomes an evening star, but will not be
at his brightest until March, 1918.
JUPITER Will be on the meridian about 7
p. m. Jan. 1 and may be found about 10 south-
east of Algenib at the southeast corner of the
Great Square of Pegasus and 30 directly south
of the only naked-eye nebula the "Great Nebula
of Andromeda," easily to be seen when well
above the horizon in the absence of the moon,
on a line connecting Jupiter with the base of
Cassiopeia's Chair. With a moderate glass, stars
may be seen shining through its filmy mass.
Such was the mass of all the matter now em-
bodied in our world family many millions of
years ago, or in the "beginning" of the Mosaic
account of creation. Along from the middle to
the last of June, after Jupiter has passed the
sun and is to be seen on the other (west) side
of him, as a morning star, he will be about
midway between the Pleiades and Hyades and
the latter part of August 5 north of Aldebaran.
He will go a little farther east until midway
between Aldebaran and El Nath and then retro-
grade or go back westward until the end of the
' year. His visible near approaches to the moon
will be as follows: Jan. 1 and 29, Feb. 25, March
25, April 22, July 14, Aug. 11, Sept. 7, Oct. 5,
Nov. 1 and 28 and Dec. 25, in all of which he
will be from 3 to 6 south ; at east quadrature
Sept. 3 and at opposition, or 180 from the sun,
Nov. 29.
SATURN Will appear to the best advantage
at or near the beginning of the year and at its
close, being in both instances an all night star
and rising near sunset (see chart). No use to
seek him in July or August. Jan. 1 he will be
in Gemini and about 5 south of Pollux and
in line with that star and Castor, with the Bee-
hive a few degrees east. He will be retro-
grading, or going west past the stars, until
April, when he will be between Procyon and
Pollux, and he will advance the remainder of
the year. His close approach to Mars was men-
tioned under that head. Castor is the finest
double star in the northern heavens. Extra
good eyesight, unaided, shows the companion
star and the slightest optical aid brings it out
plainly.
His near approaches to the moon will be as
follows: Jan. 9, 1 north; Feb. 5, March 4 and
31, % north ; April 28, 1 north ; May 25, 1%
north; Oct. 10. 3& north; Nov. 6 and Dec 4,
4 north.
No attention is given to Uranus or Neptune,
as the latter is never to- be seen except with
a good telescope and knowledge of place, and
the former is only just discernible to the normal
eye when at his very brightest and no moonlight.
FACTS ABOUT THE SUN AND PLANETS.
Name> D j^ i e 8 ter ' i<*neefrom Period of
7,918 92900 000 365
4,230 141,500,000 687
86,500 483,300,000 4.333
Saturn 73,000 886,000,000 10.759
Lranus 31.900 1,781,900,000 30687
Neptune 34,800 2,791,600,000 60,181
Ihe sun's surface is 12,000 and its volume
1,300,000 times that of the earth, but the mass is
only 332,000 times as great and its density about
one-quarter that of the earth. The force of
gravity at the surface of the sun is twenty-seven
times greater than that at the surface of the
earth. The sun rotates on its axis once in 25.3
days at the equator, but the time is longer' in
tue higher latitudes, trom which fact it is pre-
sumed that the sun is not solid, at least as to
its surface.
THE EARTH AND THE MOON.
Earth The equatorial diameter of the earth is
7,926.5 miles and the polar diameter 7.899.5
miles; equatorial circumference, 25,000. The lin-
ear velocity of the rotation of the earth on its
axis at the equator is 24,840 miles a day. or 1 440
leet a second; its velocity in its orbit around
tne sun is approximately nineteen miles per sec-
ond, the length of the orbit being about 560 000 -
000 miles. The superficial area of the earth,
according to Encke, the astronomer, is 197.108.580
square miles, of which two-thirds is water and
one-third land. The planetary mass is about
256.000,000 cubic miles.
Moon The moon has a diameter of 2,162 miles,
a circumference of about 6,800 miles and a sur-
face area of 14,685,000 square miles. Her mean
distance from the earth is 238.840 miles. The
volume of the moon is about l-49th that of the
earth and the density about 3% that of water.
The time from new moon to new moon is 29
days 12 hours 44.05 minutes. The moon has no
atmosphere and no water and is a dead world.
Light travels at the rate of 186.300 miles per
second. It requires 8 minutes and 8 seconds for
light to come from the sun to the earth.
HUNTER'S AND HARVEST MOON.
The full moon nearest to Sept. 21 is popularly
known as the "harvest moon. This is because
the moon then rises, for several consecutive eve-
nings, at nearly the same hour, giving an un-
usual number of moonlight evenings. This is the
most noticeable in the higher latitudes and quite
disappears at the equator.
The "hunter's moon" is the first full moon
following the harvest moon.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
VISIBILITY OF THE PRINCIPAL PLANETS IN 1917.
Copyright, 1909, by Berlin HW-igbt, DeLandjr la.
Explanation: The light spaces show the ap-
proximate time and extent of visibility and, with
the superior planets, the degree of brilliancy
also. Thus Venus will be two hours or 30 de-
grees west of the sun Jan. 1 ; invisible the
latter part of April and first part of May
and 3 hours or 45 degrees east of sun the last
of November ; Jupiter invisible in May, rising
with the sun, and brightest (180 degrees from
the sun) in November and December, setting
at sunrise an all night star.
THE PLANETS.
As Morning Stars West of the Sun Mercury,
Feb. 1-10 and Oct. 1-10, rising near the break
of day near the sunrise point of the horizon.
Yenus, until April 26 or as long as visible.
Mars, from Feb. 28 to Dec. 12. Jupiter, from
May 9 to Sept. 3. Saturn, from July 27 to Nov. 7.
Brightest or Best Seen Mercury, within the
time limits given when an evening or morning
star. Venus, best seen in November, December
and January, 1918. Mars, at the close of the
year. Jupiter, in November and December.
Saturn, in January. Uranus, in August. Neptune,
in January.
As Evening Stats East of the Sun Mercury,
Jan. 1-10, April 5-15 and Dec. 15-25, setting at
or near the close of evening twilight, near the
sunset point of the horizon. Venus, after April
26. or from time when first visible. Mars, until
Feb. 28 and after Dec. 12. Jupiter, until May
9 and after Sept. 3. Saturn, until July 27 and
after Nov. 7.
Invisible or Very Dim Mercury, at a'll other
times not included within the dates given above
when an evening or morning star. Venus, in
April and May. Mars, in February and March.
Jupiter, from April 25 to May 20. Saturn, in
July and August. Uranus and Neptune, always.
All Night Stars or Planets Jupiter, in Novem-
ber and December. Saturn, in January.
GREAT SHIP CANALS OF THE WORLD.
Opened,
Canal. year.
Cape Cod 1914
Corinth (Greece) 1893
Kronstadt-St. Petersburg (Russia) 1890
Elbe and Trave (Germany) 1900
Kaiser Wilhelm or Kiel (Germany)t 1895
Manchester ship (England) 1894
Panama (U. S.) 1914
Sault Ste. Marie (U. S.)...
Sault Ste. Marie (Canada).
Suez (Egypt)
Welland (Canada)
1855
1895
1869
1887
Length,
miles.
16
41
61
35.5
50.5
1.6
1.11
90
26.75
Depth,
feet.
25
26.25
20.50
10
45
26
45
22
29.25
31
14
Width,
feet.
150
72
220
72
150
120
300
100
142
108
100
Cost.
$12,000,000
5,000,000
10,000,000
5,831,000
94,818,000
75,000,000
375,000,000
10,000,000
2,791.873
100,000,000
25,000,000
*At the bottom. tRebuilt.
ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOR 1317.
There will be seven
greatest number possible
ECLIPSES IN THE YEAR 1917.
eclipses this year the I of the 19th and
in any one year visible in
four of the sun and three of the moon, as fol-
lows:
I. Total of the moon Jan. 8, wholly visible
throughout North America and partially in
South America ; the beginning will be visible
in central and western Europe, northwest Africa
and the central and eastern Pacific region ;
the ending in northeast Asia and east Australia.
NORTH
Eclipse Juu. 8, 1917.
As shown in the cut the moon will pass from
west to east through the shadow of the earth
while at her descending node, so that she will
make her exit from the shadow nearly her en-
tire diameter farther south than when she
entered it, causing her to be more than totally
eclipsed, or 16.4 digits, 12 digits being taken
as the moon's apparent diameter. The different
phases of the eclipse will be visible as follows:
Washington.* Eastern. t
Partial begins at (a) :42 a. m. :50 a. m.
Total begins 1:52 a. m. 2:00 a. m.
Middle at (b) 2:37 a. m. 2:45 a. m.
Total ends 3:21 a. m. 3:29 a. m.
Partial ends at (c) 4:31 a. m. 4:39 a. in.
Partial begins Central.f Mountain.f
at (a) 11:50 p. m.(7th) 10:50 p. m.(7th)
Total begins 1:00 a. m. 12:00 p. m.
Middle at (b)... 1:45 a. m. 12:45 p. m.
Total ends 2:29 a. m. 1:29 a. m.
Partial ends at (c) 3:39 a. m. 2:39 a. m.
*Mean time. fStandard time. For intercolo-
nial or Atlantic time add one hour to eastern
standard time and for .Pacific time subtract one
hour from mountain standard time.
II. Partial of the sun Jan. 23, visible more
or less in eastern Europe, western Asia and
northern Africa.
III. Partial of the sun June 18-19, more or
less visible in northern and central Asia and
British America. In the United States on the
Pacific coast the sun will rise more or less
eclipsed on its northern limb on the morning
a very small eclipse will be
northern Idaho, northern Oregon,
Washington and northwestern Montana. No
part of the eclipse will be visible south of a
line from Boise, Idaho, to Helena, Mont.
IV. Total of the moon July 4 ; invisible in
the United States. The beginning visible in
Africa and partially so in Asia and Europe;
the ending in Europe, Africa and South America.
V. Partial of the sun July 18, very small
and around the south polar regions.
VI. Annular of the sun Dec. 14, visible as a
partial eclipse at sunrise on the coast of Ar-
gentina and southern Brazil and at sunset in
southern Australia. The path of the annular
phase cuts the south pole.
VII. Total of the moon Dec. 28, wholly visible
throughout North America and the beginning in
South America. Size 12.1 digits, or a trifle
more than total, as shown in the cut.
Eclipse of the moon Dec. 28, 1917.
The moon will be at her descending node at
the time of this eclipse and hence will be far-
ther south at the end than she was at the
beginning of the eclipse, as shown. The time
of the various phases will be as follows:
Washington.* Eastern.f
Partial begins 2:57 a. m. 3:05 a. m.
Total begins 4:30 a. m. 4:08 a m.
Middle 4:38 a. m. 4:46 a. m.
End of total 4:47 a. m. 4:55 a. m.
End of partial 6:19 a. m. 6:27 a. m.
Central, f Mountain, f
Partial begins 2:05 a. m. 1:05 a. m.
Total begins 3:08 a. m. 2:08 a. m.
Middle 3:46 a. m. 2:46 a. m.
End of total 3:55 a. m. 2:55 a. m.
End of partial 5:27 a. m. 4:27 a. m.
*Mean time, t Standard time. For intercolo-
nial or Atlantic time add one hour to eastern
standard time and for Pacific time subtract one
hour from mountain time.
SIGNS AND CONSTELLATIONS OF THE ZODIAC.
Until recently it was taken for granted that
the present relationship between signs and con-
stellations of the zodiac was generally under-
stood, as all astronomical textbooks mention
tneir disagreement and explain the cause. The
numerous letters of inquiry concerning differ-
ences between the data in this almanac and cer-
tain others show the necessity for this note of
explanation.
Thousands of years ago when the zodiac, that
belt of the heavens about 16 in width within
which move the moon and planets, was formed
and divided into twelve parts or seasons called
signs, each containing certain star groups called
constellations, each was given the name of an
object or animal which never did bear any rela-
tionship to the configuration of the stars in that
group or division, but which did or is supposed
to have reference to certain astronomical or
other facts. Thus Libra ^ . the scales or bal-
ance, comes at the autumnal equinox when there
is an equilibrium or balance between the length
of day and night the world over. Aquarius.
-, the water-bearer, whose sign is the Egyptian
sign for running water, comes at the season
of greatest rains in Egypt, and_so on.
Since the time when these divisions were made
and named, owing to the precession of the equi-
noxes, resulting from the differing polar and
equatorial diameters of the earth, the signs have
moved back west nearly a whole division or con-
stellation and where T was the first, X now is
Hence, though the sun now enters the sign T
March 20. it is a month later when he enters the
constellation T . It must be apparent, therefore,
that any supposed influence or relationship which
early astrologers attributed to the position of
the sun, moon or planets when in certain of
these divisions can no longer exist, as the sign
now only represents that space or division of th
zodiac where the controlling constellation was
2,000 or more years ago, but is not now. Never-
theless, some almanacs still give the signs for
the moon's place, which is very misleading to
those who attempt to follow her in her course
among the stars. Hence, this almanac gives the
constellation and discards the ancient picture of
the disemboweled man as relics of the age of
superstition. The sign is retained for sun's olace
in connection witn tne seasons and sun's patn
through the zodiac each month because of Its re-
lationship to the equinoxes and solstices.
32
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
TIME AND STANDARDS OF TIME.
Various kinds of time are in use in this coun-
try:
1. Astronomical Time or Mean Solar Time This
is reckoned from noon through the twenty-four
hours of the day and is used mainly by astro-
nomical observatories and in official astronomical
publications. It is the legal time of the domin-
ion of Canada, though "standard" and "mean"
time are in general use there as in this country.
2. Mean Local Time This is the kind that was
in almost universal use prior to the introduction
of standard time. This time was based upon the
time when the mean sun* crossesxthe meridian,
and the day begins at midnight. When divided
into civil divisions years, months, weeks, days,
etc. it is sometimes called civil time.
3. Standard Time For the convenience of the
railroads and business in general a standard of
time was established by mutual agreement in
1883 and by this calculation trains are now run
and local time is regulated. By this system the
United States, extending from 65 to 125 west
longitude, is divided into four time sections, each
of 15 of longitude, exactly equivalent to one
hour (7% or 30m. on each side of a meridian),
commencing with the 75th meridian. The first or
eastern section includes all territory between the
Atlantic coast and an irregular line drawn from
Buffalo to Charleston. S. C., the latter city being
its southernmost point. The second or centra!
section includes all the territory between this
eastern line and another irregular line extending
from Bismarck. N. D., to the mouth of the Rio
Grande. The third or mountain section includes
all the territory between the last named line and
nearly the western borders of Idaho, Nevada and
Arizona. The fourth or Pacific section includes
all the territory of the United States between
the boundary of the mountain section and the
Pacific coast. Inside of each of these sections
standard time is uniform and the time of each
section differs from that next to it by exactly
one hour, as shown on the map.
*Owing to the eccentricity of the earth's orbit
and the inclination of the equator to the eclip-
tic, the apparent motion of the sun is retarded
or accelerated according to the earth's place in
its orbit. Hen-ce, to take the actual sun as a
guide would necessitate years, days and- their
subdivisions of unequal length. Therefore an im-
aginary or "mean sun" was invented. The dif-
ference between apparent and mean time is
called the "equation of time" and may amount
to a quarter of an hour in twenty-four hours. It
is the difference between the figures in "Sun at
noon mark" column in calendar and twelve hours.
The figures on a correct sun dial give the ap-
parent time.
STANDARDS OF TIME.
The following is the table of times, based upon the meridians used by the United States and
Canada:
NAME OF TIME.
Degrees.
Central meridian
from Greenwich.
Nearest place.
Intercolonial or Atlantic
60
4 hours west
About 3Hj degrees east of Halif ax, N.S.
75
Between New York and Philadelphia
90
St Louis and New Orleans
105
7 hours west...
Denver Col
Pacific
120
8 hours west
l^a degrees east of Sacramento. Cal.
gitka
135
9 hours west
% degree east of Sitka. Alaska.
Tahiti ...
150
10 hours west
\6 degree west of the island of Tahiti
Hawaiian
157^
10 hrs. 31 mm. west.
Near center of Molokai.
It is obvious that to express the time of rising
and setting of the sun and moon in standard
time would limit the usefulness of such data to
the single point or place for which it was com-
puted, while in mean time it is practically cor-
rect for places as widely separated as the width
of the continent, and persons having obtained
the mean time by the rising or setting of the
sun or moon may easily ascertain the correct
standard time of any event by making use of
the following "table and map:
To obtain standard time, add
Standard Correc-
or tion.
City. division. Min.
Albany, N. Y. Eastern. .Sub. 5
Austin. Texas Central.. .Add 31
Baltimore. Md. Eastern. Add 6
Baton Rouge, La. Cent. .Add 4
Bismarck. N. D. Cent. .Add 43
Boston. Mass. Eastern. .Sub. 16
Buffalo. N. Y. Eastern.. Add 16
Burlington, Iowa Cent.. Add 5
Cairo. 111. Central Sub. 3
Charleston. S. C. East.. Add 20
Chicago, 111. Central Sub. 10
Cincinnati. O. Central. .Sub. 22
Cleveland. O. Central. ..Sub. 33
Columbia. S. C. Eastern.Add 24
Columbus. O. Central... Sub. 28
Dayton, O. Central Sub. 23
Denver. Col. Mountain.. Add
Des Moines, la. Central. Add 14
Detroit. Mich. Central. .Sub. 28
Dubuque, Iowa Central. .Add 3
Duluth. Minn. Central.. Add 9
Erie, Pa. Central Sub. 39
Evansville. Ind. Central. Sub. 10
Ft. Gibson, Ch. N. Cent. Add 21
Fort Smith. Ark. -Cent. .Add 19
Fort Wayne, Ind. Cent .-Sub. 20
Galena. 111. Central Add 2
Salveston. Tex. Central. Add 19
Gr, Haven. Mich. Cent. Sub. 15
STANDARD TIME TABLE.
or subtract the figures given to
Standard Correc-
or tion.
City. division. Min.
Harrisburg. Pa. Eastern.Add 7
Houston. Tex. Central. .Add 21
Huntsville. Ala. Cent.. .Sub. 12
Indianapolis, Ind. Cent.. Sub. 16
Jackson, Miss. Central.. Add 1
Jacksonville, Fla. Cent. Sub. 33
Janesville, Wis. Cent. . .Sub. 4
Jefferson City, Mo. Cent. Add 9
Kansas City, Mo. Cent. .Add 19
Keokuk. Iowa Central. ..Add 6
KnoxviUe, Tenn. Cent. .Sub. 24
LaCrosse, Wis. Central.. Add ft
Lawrence, Kas. Central. Add 21
Lexington. Ky. Central.. Sub. 23
Little Rock, Ark. Cent.. Add 9
Louisville. Ky. Central.. Sub. IS
Lynchburg. Va. Eastern.Add 17
Memphis, Tenn. Cent... Sub.
Milwaukee. Wis. Cent. ..Sub. 8
Mobile. Ala. Central.... Sub. S
Montgomery. Ala. Cent.. Sub. 15
Nashville. Tenn. Cent... Sub. 13
N. Haven, Conn. East. .Sub. 8
New Orleans. La. Cent.. Add
New York. N. Y. East. Sub. 4
Norfolk. Va. Eastern. . ..Add 5
Ogdensburg, N. Y. East. Add 2
Omaha. Neb. Central Add 24
local time.
Standard Correc-
or tion,
City. division. Min.
Pensacola. Fla. Central. Sub. 11
Philadelphia, Pa. East. .Add 1
Pittsburgh, Pa. Eastern.. Add 20
Portland, Me. Eastern. .Sub. 19
Providence, R. I. East.. Sub. 14
Quincy, 111. Central Add 6
Raleigh, X. C. Eastern.. Add 15
Richmond. Va. Eastern.Add 10
Rochester. N. Y. East.. Add 11
Rock Island. 111. Cent... Add 3
S. Francisco, Cal. Pac..Add 10
Santa Fe.N.M. Mountain. Add 4
Savannah, Ga. Central. .Sub. 36
Shreveport, La. Central. Add 15
Springfield. 111. Central.. Slib. 2
St. Joseph, Mo. Cent Add 19
St. Louis. Mo. Central.. Add 1
St. Paul. Minn. Cent... Add 12
Superior City, Wis. Cent. Add 8
Syracuse. N. Y. East.. .Add 5
Toledo. O. Central Sub. 2fl
Trenton. N. J. Eastern. Sub. 1
Utica. N. Y. Eastern Add 1
Washington, D. C. East. Add 8
Wheeling, W. Va. East. .Add JJ3
Wilmington. Del. East. . Add 2
Wilmington. N. C. East.Add 18
Yankton. S. D. Central. Add 29
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
The heavy dotted lines show the arbitrary
(standard) divisions of time in the United States.
The plus and minus marks on either side of the
meridian lines show whether it is necessary to
add to or subtract from the mean time of points
east or west of these lines to arrive at actual
standard time. Example: Chicago is 2% east of
the 90th meridian; therefore Chicago local time =;
2% X 4 = 10 to be subtracted from mean time to =
standard time, and for Boston standard (eastern)
time. 16m. must be subtracted from mean time.
DIFFERENCE IN TIME.
When it is 12 o'clock noon Monday in New York,
X. Y., or other places having eastern time, the
corresponding time in the cities named below is:
Aden, Arabia .................. 8:00 p.m., Monday
Amsterdam, Holland .......... 5:20 p. m.
Apia, Samoa ................... 5:33 a. m.
Berlin, Germany .............. 5:53 p. m.
Bern. Switzerland ............. 5:29 p. m.
Bombay, India ................. 9:51 p. m.
Bremen. Germany ............. 5:33 p. m.
Brussels, Belgium ............ 5:17 p.m.
Calcutta, India ............... 10:53 p. m.
Chicago. Ill .................... *ll:00a. m.,
Christiania, Norway
City of Mexico, Mexico
Colon. Panama
Constantinople. Turkey
Copenhagen. Denmark
Denver, Colorado ............. flO:00 a. m.
Dublin. Ireland ................ 4: 34 p.m.
Edinburgh, Scotland .......... 4:47 p. m.
Hamburg, Germany ........... 5:10 p. m.
Havana. Cuba ................. 11:30 a. m.
Havre, France ................. 5:00 p. m.
Hongkong, China .............. 12:37 a. m.
Honolulu. Hawaii ............. 6:29 a. m.
NOTE The place where "the day begins" or
where dates are changed by navigators is at or
near the 180th degree of longitude. Here an
irregular line has been drawn from north to
south which is called the "international date
line." It is not straight because in case it
Monday
5:33 a. m., Tuesday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Monday
Tuesday
Monday
5:42 p. m.
10:24 a. m.
11:40 a.m.
6:56 p. m.
5:40 p. m.
Lisbon, Portugal 5:00p. m.. Monday
Liverpool. England 4:48 p. r., Monday
London, England 5:00 p. m., Monday
Madrid, Spain 4:45 p. m.. Monday
Manila. Philippines 1:03 a. m., Tuesday
Melbourne, Australia 2:39 a. m., Tuesday
Paris, France 5:09 p. m., Monday
Pekin, China 12:45>a. m.. Tuesday
SPetrograd. Russia 7:01 p. m., Monday
Pretoria, South Africa 6:55 p. m., Monday
Rome. Italy 5:49 p. m., Monday
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2:07 p. m., Monday
San Francisco. Cal 9:00 a. m., Monday
12:35 p. m.. Monday
7:58 a. m., Monday
6:12 p. m., Monday
3:04 a. m., Tuesday
>:17 p. m., Monday
2:18 a. m., Tuesday
San Juan, Porto Rico...
Sitka. Alaska
Stockholm, Sweden
Sydney. New South Wales..
The Hague, Holland
Tokyo. Japan
Valparaiso, Chile 12:13 p. m., Monday
Vienna. Austria 6:05 p. m., Monday
Yokohama, Japan 2:19 a. m., Tuesday
*Same in all places having central time, fin
all places having mountain time. Jin all places
having Pacific time. St. Petersburg; name offi-
cially changed in 1914.
crossed an island it would have different dates
on each side of the line. The date line was
located in the mid-Pacific by general agreement
because it would cause the least confusion and
because it was twelve hours from Greenwich.
COAST LINE OF THE UNITED STATES.
Atlantic coast ............... 1,773
ulf coast ................... 1.607
Porto Rico
Pacific coast
269
In nautical miles.
Hawaiian islands 628
Guam K<\
Midway
20
............. 83
Alaska ...................... 4.123; Northern lakes and rivers.. 3.041
1,571 Sanioah islands .............
Western rivers 4.344
Total ...17,539
Philippines .11.444
Grand total...
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
1850 March 31 1884
EASTER SUNDAY DATES.
April 13 1918 Afnrpti 31 1!)33
April 21
1851 . .Anril 20
1885
..April 5
1919... \pril 20
1936....
1937....
1938...
1939
April 12
March 28
April 17
April 9
1852. .. .
1853. .. .
1854. .. .
1855. .. .
1856. .. .
1857. .. .
1858. ,
.. ..April 11
.. .March 27
.. ..April 1C
April 8
.. .March 23
.. ..April 12
April 4
1886
1887
1888
April 25
April 10
...April 1
1920 April 4
1921 March 27
1922 ...April 16
1889
April 21
1923 April 1
1940
1890 . .
April 6
1924 . April 20
1941
1891
March 29
1925. April 12
1942
April 5
1892
1893
1894
1895
April 17
April 2
March 25
April 14
1926 April 4
1927 April 17
1943....
1944....
1945....
1946....
1947..
April 25
April 9
April 1
April 21
April B
1859
\pril 24
1860
1861
April 8
March 31
1928 \pril 8
1929 March 31
1862
\pril 20
1896
April 5
1930 April 20
1863
April 5
1897
April 18
1931.. \pril 5
1948
March 28
1864
March 27
1898
April 10
1932 .. March 27
1949
April 17
1865
Anril Ifi
1899 . . .
April 2
1933 .. April 16
1950...
April 9
1866 April 1
1900
...April 15
1934.. .. . \pril 1
1867 April 21
1901
1902
1903
April 7
March 30
...April 12
The earliest date on which Easter Sunday has
fallen wilhin a century was March 22, 1818. As
will be seen from the above table, it fell on
March 23 in 1856 and 1913. The time of the cele-
bration of the principal church days which de-
pend upon Easter is as follows:
Days. Before Easter.
Septuagesima Sunday 9 wppkn
1868 April 12
1869 March 28
1870 April 17
1904
...April 3
1871 April 9
1905
April 23
1872 March 31
1906
April 15
1873 April 13
1907 .
March 31
1874 \pril 5
1908.
April 19
1909. ...
1910
April 11
March 7
1876 April 16
1877 April 1
First Sunday in Lent
fi wppks
1911. ...
April 16
Ash Wednesday (beginning of Lent) 46 davs
1878 April 21
1879 \pril 13
1913
March 23
Rogation Sunday
After Easter.
1880 March 28
1881 April 17
1914
1915
April 12
April 4
Ascension Day (Holy Th
Pentecost (Whitsunday) .
Trinity Sunday...
ursday)
1882 April 9
1883... ...March 25
1916
1917...
April 23
...April 8
...8 weeks
CALENDAR FOR 1918.
JAN...
FEB...
S
31
T
W
T
F
S
APRIL
MAY...
7
14
21
28
1
8
15
22
29
2
9
it;
2:;
30
7
14
21
28
3
10
17
24
1
8
15
22
29
'5
12
19
26
4
11
18
25
2
9
16
23
30
'
13
20
27
5
12
19
2H
3
10
17
24
31
'7
14
21
28
8
13
20
27
4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
29
JULY..
AUG...
SEPT..
S
M
T
W
T
F
8
OCT
NOV....
S
'6
i::
.'I)
21
3
10
17
24
'f
14
','1
28
'4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
29
i!
26
2
9
16
23
30
'6
13
20
27
3
10
17
24
31
'7
14
21
28
7
14
21
28
4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
1
8
15
22
29
5
12
19
26
2
9
16
23
2
9
l(j
23
30
'7
14
21
28
4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
29
1
8
15
22
29
"b
12
19
26
2
9
16
23
30
2
9
16
2:i
30
'6
13
20
27
3
10
17
24
3
10
17
24
31
'?
14
21
28
4
11
18
25
4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
29
5
12
19
26
5
12
19
26
2
9
16
23
30
6
13
20
27
6
13
2(i
27
1
17
24
31
14
21
28
'6
i:;
20
27
14
21
28
1
8
15
22
29
2
9
16
23
30
3 4
1011
1718
24 25
31 -.
JUNE
5
12
19
,'t;
6
13
20
27
DEC....
8
10
17
24
1
8
15
22
29
4
11
18
25
5
12
19
2fi
6
13
20
27
7 8
1415
2122
2829
3
10
17
24
11
4
11
18
2o
5
12
19
26
6
13
20
27
2
9
16
IS
3
10
17
24
4
11
18
25
2
9
16
30
1
10
17
24
31
4
11
18
25
5 6
1213
19 20
2627
FOREIGN STANDARDS OF TIME.
Central
meridian.
Fast or slow
on
Greenwich.
Central
meridian.
Fast or slow
on
Greenwich.
Degrees.
135 east
H.M.S.
9 00 00 fast
West Australia
Degrees.
120 east
H. M.
8 00 fast
Soain*
o
00000
South Australia
1425-6 east
9 30 fast
64-j- west
35138 8 slow
Xew Zealand
172}^ east
11 30 fast
8l4- west
52415 slow
Victoria ....
Natal
30 east
2 00 00 fast
New South Wales...
j
22^ east
1 30 00 fast
Queensland
\ 150 east
Mid-Europe
15 east
1 00 00 fast
1
Egypt
30 east
20000 fast
Eastern Europe
30 east
200 fast
*In Spain the hours are counted from to 24, avoiding the use of a. m. and p. m.
FAMOUS WATERFALLS OF THE WORLD.
Height
Name and location. in feet.
Gavarnie, France 1.385
Grand. Labrador 2,000
Minnehaha. Minnesota 50
Missouri, Montana 90
Montmorenci, Quebec 265
Multnomah, Oregon 850
Murchison, Africa 12o
Niagara, New York-Ontario 164
Rjukan, Norway 780
Height
Name and location. in feet.
Schaffhausen, Switzerland.. 100
Skjaeggedalsfos, Norway.... 530
Shoshone, Idaho 210
Staubbach, Switzerland 1,000
Stirling, New Zealand 500
Sutherland, New Zealand... 1,904
Takkakaw. Brit'h Columbia. 1,200
Twin, Idaho 180
Yellowstone (upper). Montana 110
Height
Name and location. in feet.
Yellowstone (lower), Montana 310
Ygnassu, Brazil 210
Yosemite( upper). California 1,436
Yosemitef middle). California 626
Yosemite( lower), California. 400
Vettis, Norway 950
Victoria, Africa 400
Voringfos, Norway 600
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES USED IN THE UNITED STATES.
LONG MEASURE.
12 Inches = 1 foot.
3 feet = 1 yard = 36 inches.
5^ yards = 1 rod 16^ feet.
40 rods = 1 furlong = 660 feet.
8 furlongs = 1 mile = 5.280 feet.
MARINERS' MEASURE.
6 feet = 1 fathom.
120 fathoms = 1 cable length.
7J^ cable lengths = 1 mile.
5,280 feet = 1 statute mile.
6,080 feet = 1 nautical mile.
3 marine miles = 1 marine league.
LIQUID MEASURE.
gills =lpint.
pints = 1 quart,
quarts = 1 gallon,
gallons =1 barrel,
barrels = 1 hogshead,
144
9
3Qi
160
640
36
SQUARE MEASURE.
square inches 1 square foot,
square feet = 1 square yard.
'. square yards = 1 square rod.
square rods 1 acre,
acres = 1 square mile,
square miles = 1 township.
CUBIC MEASURE.
1,728 cubic inches = 1 cubic foot.
27 cubic feet = 1 cubic yard.
128 cubic feet = 1 cord of wood or stone.
1 gallon contains 231 cubic inches.
1 bushel contains 2,150.4 cubic inches.
A cord of wood is 8 ft. long, 4 ft. wide & 4 f t.high
DRY MEASURE.
2 pints = 1 quart.
8 quarts = 1 peck.
4 pecks = 1 bushel.
CIRCULAR MEASURE.
60 seconds = 1 minute.
60 minutes = 1 degree.
860 degrees = 1 circle.
1 degree = 00 geographic miles.
1 geographic mile = 1.1527 statute miles.
1 degree of the equator = 69.124 statute miles.
APOTHECARIES' WEIGHT.
20 grains = 1 scruple
3 scruples = 1 dram.
8 drams = 1 ounce.
12 ounces = 1 pound.
AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.
27 11-32 grains = 1 dram.
16 drams 1 ounce.
16 ounces = 1 pound.
2,000 Ibs. = 1 short ton.
2,240 Ibs. = 1 long ton.
THOY WEIGHT.
24 grains =1 penny-
weight.
20 penny w's =! ounce.
12 ounces -=1 pound.
TIME MEASURE.
60 seconds = 1 minute.
60 minutes = 1 hour.
24 hours = 1 day.
365 days => 1 year.
100 years = 1 century.
CLOTH MEASURE.
'l\i inches 1 nail.
4 nails = 1 quarter
4 quarters - 1 yard.
MISCELLANEOUS.
3 inches=l palm.
4 inches=l hand.
6 inches=l span.
18 inches=l cubit.
21.8 inches=l bible cubit.
214 feet =1 military pace.
SURVEYORS' MEASURE.
7.92 inches =1 link.
25 links =1 rod.
4 rods =1 chain.
10 chains =1 furlong.
8 furlongs =1 mile.
COUNTING.
12 things=l dozen.
12 dozen =1 gross.
12 gross =1 great
20 things =1 score.
STATIONERS' TABLE.
24 sheets = 1 quire.
20 quires = 1 ream.
2 reams = 1 bundle.
5 bundles = 1 bale.
SIZES OF BOOKS.
Pages. Leaves. Sheet
Folio.
Quarto (4to) ...
Octavo (8vo.) 16
Duodecimo (12mo.). 24
12
Octodecimo (18mo.). 36 18
THE METRIC SYSTEM.
The metric system is in general use in all the
principal nations of Europe and America with
the exception of Great Britain, Russia and the
United States, where it is authorized but not
compulsory. Its use for scientific purposes is
common throughout the world.
WEIGHTS.
Milligram (.001 gram) .0154 grain.
Centigram (.01 gram) =
Decigram (.1 gram) =
Gram =
Decagram (10 grams) =
Hectogram (100 grams)
Kilogram (1.000 grains)
Myriagram (10,000 grams) =
Suintal (100,000 grams)
illier or tonneau ton( 1,000,000 grams)=2,204.6 Ibs.
DRY.
= .061 cubic inch.
= .6102 cubic inch.
6.1022 cubic inches.
= .908 quart.
9.08 quarts.
2.838 bushels.
= 1.308 cubic yards.
LIQUID.
= .0388 fluid ounce.
= .338 fluid ounce.
= .845 gill.
= 1.0567 quarts.
= 2.6418 gallons.
26.417 gallons.
.1543 grain.
1.5432 grains.
15.432 grains.
.3527 ounce.
3.5274 ounces.
2.2046 pounds.
22.046 pounds.
220.46 pounds.
Milliliter (.001 liter)
Centiliter (.01 liter)
Deciliter (.1 liter)
Liter
Decaliter (10 liters)
Hectoliter (100 liters)
Kiloliter (1,000 liters)
Milliliter (.001 liter)
Centiliter (.01 liter)
Deciliter (.1 liter)
Liter
Decaliter (10 liters)
Hectoliter (100 liters)
Kiloliter (1,000 liters)
- 264.18 gallons.
LENGTH.
Millimeter (.001 meter) = .0394 inch.
Centimeter (.01 meter) = .3937 inch.
Decimeter (.1 meter) =
Meter =
Decameter (10 meters)
Hectometer (100 meters)
Kilometer (1,000 meters) =
3.937 inches.
39.37 inches.
393.7 inches.
328 feet linch.
.62137 mile (3,280 ft.
10 inches).
6.2137 miles.
Myriameter(10,000meters)=
SURFACE.
Centare (1 square meter) = 1,550 sq. inches.
Are (100 square meters) = 119.6 sq. yards.
Hectare ( 10,000 sq. meters)*- 2.471 acres.
METRIC EQUIVALENTS.
1 grain = 0.06480 gram.
1 ounce = 28.3495 grams.
1 pound
1 dram (apoth.)
1 scruple (apoth.)
1 quart (dry)
Ipeck (dry)
1 bushel
1 quart (liq.)
1 gallon
1'inch
linch
linch
Ifoot
lyard
Imile
1 sq. inch
1 sq. foot
1 sq. yard
1 sq. mile
1 acre
1 cubic inch
1 cubic foot
1 cubic yard
= 0.45359 kilogram.
= 3.6967 grams.
= 1.2322 grams.
= 1.1012 liters.
= 8.8098 liters.
= 0.35239 hectoliter.
= 0.94636 liter.
= 3.78543 liters.
= 25.4001 millimeters.
= 2.54001 centimeters.
= 0.0254 meter.
= 0.3048 meter.
= 0.9144 meter.
= 1.6093 kilometers.
= 645.16 sq. millimeters.
= 0.0929 sq. meter.
= 0.8361 sq. meter.
= 2.5900 sq. kilometers.
= 0.4017 hectare.
= 16.387 cubic millimeters.
= 0.02832 cubic meter.
= 0.7646 cubic meter.
ELECTRICAL UNITS DEFINED.
Ohm Unit of resistance; represents resistance
offered to an unvarying electric current by a
column of mercury at the temperature of ice,
14.5421 grams in mass, of a cross-sectional area
of 1.00003 square millimeters and of the length
of 106.3 centimeters.
Ampere Unit of current; decomposes .0009324 of
a gram of water in one second or deposits sil-
ver at the rate of .001118 of a gram per second,
when passed through a solution of nitrate of
silver in water.
Volt Unit of electromotive force ; one volt
equals one ampere of current passing through
a substance having one ohm of resistance.
Coulomb Unit of quantity; amount of electricity
transferred by a current of one ampere in one
second.
Farad Unit of capacity; capacity of a con-
denser charged to a potential of one volt by
one coulomb. A microfarad is one-millionth of
a farad.
Joule Unit of work; equivalent to energy ex-
pended in one second by one ampere current in
one ohm resistance.
Watt Unit of power; equivalent to work done
at the rate of one joule per second. A kilo-
watt is 1,000 watts.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
STATUTORY WEIGHTS OF THE BUSHEL.
STATE OR
TERRITORY.
Wheat. ||
P
2
Barley. ||
Buckwheat.
Shelled corn. _ II
Corn on cob. I
Cornmeal.
G
ci
M
Potatoes, Irish.
Potatoes, sweet.
Carrots. II
Onions.
Turnips.
1
S3
*
1
a
Apples. ||
Dried apples. ||
Dried peaches.
c
ci
&
I
X
ci
~
1
a.
S
3
Millet.
Timothy seed.
1
i
|
5
Hungarian gr. seed
United States
Alabama
GO
;u
HI
en
no
fKJ
60
GO
56
->6
'.6
->r
14
;>ti
56
H2
32
82
32
32
32
32
48
47
50
48
48
42
52
40
J5
5t;
54
66
52
5t',
56
50
70
70
70
48
46
48
50
20
GO
til)
55
!!
55
..
GO
GO
60
60
60
GO
24
38
50
50
00
50
57
57
50
24
33
50
50
60
14
California
20
60
60
54
50
57
52
61)
44
t5
45
14
Connecticut
50
60
00
GO
48
25
33
55
District of Columbia
Florida
"V
56
tin
1.0
t,0
GO
Of)
56
ati
32
32
32
48
47
4S
52
66
5ti
66
70
iO
48
48
20
20
t;o
10
W
55
56
57
54
55
00
GO
GO
48
24
24
33
33
48
56
44
50
45
14
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
t>0
GO
tiO
S
GO
tiu
t;o
all
ati
5ti
56
5f
at
at
50
ati
:;;
::.'
32
82
32
32
: ''";
4s
48
48
48
48
47
48
48
42
52
50
52
50
5t;
48
OG
oti
56
56
ati
66
50
oti
70
t;s
70
70
70
48
50
50
50
20
20
20
20
t>0
t;o
oo
60
t;o
60
50
5f
4t
50
55
M
57
4S
57
57
57
oa
55
55
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
00
00
4a
50
48
48
28
24
25
24
24
24
28
33
33
33
33
30
40
4ii
40
50
45
at)
50
50
5C
50
44
44
44
44
44
50
ail
50
no
50
45
45
45
45
45
14
14
14
14
14
50
50
50
50
Kentucky
Maine
W
c,o
r,t;
50
52
50
GO
60
00
44
46
Massachusetts
Michigan
ggggggggggggggggg
5t
at
at
at
at
a(
5t
at
at
at
5t
5(
at
51
at
at
5t
32
32
32
:.2
32
32
32
:i2
:;ti
112
32
32
1
:;2
32
32
48
48
48
-is
48
-IS
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
4ti
47
48
48
4S
50
-IS
52
52
52
50
48
50
42
50
42
42
48
48
5(i
56
5ti
56
ati
56
56
56
56
50
50
66
56
ati
66
at!
56
70
70
72
70
70
70
70
(is
70
50
50
48
50
50
50
50
50
20
20
20
20
20
20
t;o
60
i;o
60
t;o
(id
tiO
CO
tit)
W
54
5t
.-,:
t;t
5f
50
54
54
50
45
50
50
50
52
54
52
57
57
57
57
57
57
58
55
42
.50
55
50
50
tiO
GO
60
GO
60
GO
60
f,2
60
GO
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
til)
48
48
50
48
45
50
48
25
22
28
26
24
33
28
28
33
33
40
40
46
66
56
50
56
50
50
55
55
Vi
44
50
44
44
44
44
50
48
50
50
50
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
U
14
14
14
14
14
50
48
50
48
50
50
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
24
25
25
33
33
33
40
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
20
20
60
60
t;o
till
4t
50
4b
50
52
55
52
60
t;o
60
60
56
60
tiO
GO
CO
00
00
60
56
44
50
50
45
45
1
!!
50
50
24
SB
50
"iC
Oregon
45
28
28
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
'lli
50
70
50
18
20
00
54
50
50
50
50
60
00
48
25
33
40
56
44
50
45
50
r.u
60
60
till
t;n
60
(H)
t;u
5t
5t
at
at
51
B
32
32
32
32
3D
32
32
:;2
48
i
4S
48
48
48
48
42
50
42
4S
52
42
52
50
56
.v;
56
5t;
all
56
5t;
5c
70
70
iO
70
50
20
20
20
00
60
60
60
oti
60
4
51
55
5b
50
50
52
5.;
57
52
57
60
all
55
til)
55
60
50
00
00
till
60
62
GO
GO
00
60
GO
[00
50
45
46
45
50
24
28
28
28
25
:a
20
28
40
28
33
33
40
50
5G
56
56
56
56
50
44
44
44
44
50
50
50
50
-12
45
45
45
45
45
45
ii
u
48
48
48
4s
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin..
Ml
GO
CO
70
50i20
f,0
54
50
57
-12
50
NOTE Rye meal takes
in the District of Colu
Massachusetts. New Yc
Wisconsin. The metric
Philippines and Porto R
TABLE OF SPEC
Compared v
Water, distilled.... 100)
Water, sea 103
Alcohol 84
48 pounds to the bushel
mbia and 50 in Maine,
rk. Rhode Island and
system is used in the
ico.
IFIC GRAVITY.
ith water.
Iron, cast 721
Ivory 183
Lead 1,135
LONGEST RAILWAY 1
Railway and country.
Simplon, Switzerland-Italy
St. Gothard, Switzerland-Italy.
Loetschberg, Switzerland
UNNE
Miles.
...12
... 9
9
Mont Cenis, France-Italy
... 7
Arlberg, Austria
Ricken, Switzerland
Tauern, Austria
Ronco, Italy ..
.. 6
,,, 5
. 5
5
Ash 84
Beech 85
Beer 102
Brass 840
Butter 94
Cedar 81
Maple
Marble
Milk, cow's
Milk goat's
. . . lUb
75
. . 270
... 103
Tenda, Italy
Transandine. Chile-Argentina . . .
Karawanken, Austria
Hoosa-c, United States
6
... 5
. . 4
... 4
Oak
Oil, olive
, , 117
92
Borzallo, Italy
Severn, England
... 4
... 4
Chalk 279
Cider 102
Coal 130
Copper 895
Cork 24
Opium
Platina . . .
134
2 150
Turchina, Italy
Wocheiner. Austria
Mont d'Or, France-Switzerland .
Albula, Switzerland
Totlev, England
... 4
... 3
... 3
... 3
... 3
... 3
Porcelain
226
Silver ....
1 047
Steel
783
Diamond 353
Fbony 133
Peloritana, Sicily
Tin :..::::::
Turpentine
Walnut
Wine
. . . 729
... 99
... 67
3
Fir ... 55
3
Glass 289
Woodhead, England
Cascade, United States
Khojak, Baluchistan
Snoaualmie. United States...
... 3
... 2
... 2
. 2
Gold 1.926
Ice 92
Indigo 77
Zinc
. 691
Yards.
458
564
55
1,730
404
673
546
277
56
1,683
1,320
700
636
10
1,647
1,320
1,150
950
686
516
62
17
1,080
769
487
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
37
SIMPLE INTEREST TABLE.
NOTE To find the amount of interest at 2V- per cent on any given sum. divide the amount given for
the same sum in the table at 5 per cent by 2; at 3^ per cent divide the amount at 7 per cent by 2, etc.
09
02
3
TIME.
a
d
a
c*
5
CO
1
a
OS
C
a
o
1
1
X
a
a
2
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a
g
1-
1
a
a
1
i
w
9
K
Amt.
Interest.
3
1
3
4
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i
1
2
4
(1
5
2
2
3
5
6
i
1
2
2
3
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3
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15
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1
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9
3
5
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g
9
18
7
1
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1
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11
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4
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4
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12
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3
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7
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g
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4
g
g
10
12
24
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3
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1
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9
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10
13
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10
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15
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:::::::::::::
1
1
1
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6
9
12
15
18
35
3 ,....
4
1
1
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1
I
1
2
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7
10
10
13
12
16
15
20
30
40
110
1
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17
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12
18
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70
3
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1
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25
25
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41
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125
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31
42
52
63
1 2S
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1
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11
25
38
50
63
75
1.50
1
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2
2
3
4
4
5
10
15
29
44
58
73
88
1.75
3 . .
1
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9
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25
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75
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4 ...
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2.50
6 ...
1
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17
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50
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1.25
1.50
3.00
7
1
2
3
4
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6
7
8
9
19
29
58
88
.17
1.46
1.75
3.50
3
1
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i
5
8
j
7
g
14
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50
75
00
1 25
1 50
4
1
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g
s
g
111
11
9-)
66
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1.67
2.00
4.00
flOO
5
3
4
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7
8
13
14
28
42
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1 25
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2.08
2.50
5.00
g
2
3
T
7
B
10
12
IS
u
17
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50
1.00
1 50
2.00
2.50
3.00
6.00
7
2
4
tj
8
10
12
14
Iti
18
19
39
58
1.17
1.75
2.33
2.92
3.50
7.00
COMPOUND INTEREST ON ONE DOLLAR.
Tears. 3%.
1 1 03
4%. 5%. 6%. 7%.
1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07
1.06 1.07 1.09 1.10
1.08 1.10 1.12 1.14
1.16 1.13 1.15 1.18
1.12 1.15 1.19 1.22
1.14 1.18 1.22 1.27
1.17 1.21 1.26 1.31
1.19 1.24 1.30 1.36
1.21 1.28 1.34 1.41
1.24 1.31 1.38 1.45
1.26 1.34 1.42 1.51
1.29 1.37 1.46 1.56
1.31 1.41 1.51 1.61
1.34 1.44 1.55 1.67
1.37 1.48 1.60 1.73
1.39 1.52 1.65 1.79
RMAL HEIGHTS AN!
Height. Weight.
5 ft. 4 in.... 149 pounds
5 ft. 5 in 152 pounds
5 ft. 6 in 155 pounds
HEIGHTS AND WEK
Height.Weight,
Ibs.
2 years.. 3 ft. in. 32
3 years.. 3 ft. 4 in. 36%
4 years.. 3 ft. 6 in. 41
5 years.. 3 ft. 8 in. 45
Years. 3%.
9 1.30
4%. 5%. 6%. 7%.
1.42 1.55 1.70 1.85
1.45 1.59 1.75 1.92
1.48 1.63 1.80 1.98
50.50 131.50 340.00 868.00
BLES AT INTEREST.
Interest.
Simple. Comp'd.
Rate. Years. Years.
4% 22.22 15.75
5 20 00 14.21
1% .; io4
gi i 32
2 1 06
10 . 1 34
2% . . 1 07
100 19 25
3 1 09
WHEN MONEY DOT?
Interest.
Simple. Comp'd.
Rate. Years. Years.
1 . .. 100.00 69.68
1% 66 66 46 56
8% 110
4 1 12
4% 1 14
5 1 lg
B% 1.17
6 1 19
6% 1 21
2 50.00 35.00
2% 40.00 28.07
3 33.33 23.45
3% 28 57 20 15
5% 18.18 12.94
6 16.67 11.90
7 1.23
7% 1.24
8 1 26
6% . 1538 11.00
7 14 29 10.24
8% 1 28
4 25 00 17 67
7% 13 33 9 58
NO
Height. Weight.
5 ft. 1 in.... 128 pounds
5 ft. 2 in 135 pounds
6 ft. 3 in.... 142 pounds
Height.Weight,
At birth.l ft. 1 in. 8
6 months2 ft. 0% in. 16
1 year... 2 ft. 5 in. 24
1% years2 ft. 8% in. 28
WEIGHTS OF ADTJI
Height. Weight.
5 ft. 7 in 158 pounds
5 ft. 8 in 166 pounds
5 ft. 9 in 173 pounds
3HTS OF CHILDREN.
Height.Weight,
Ibs.
6 years.. 3 ft. 10 in. 49
7 years.. 4 ft. in. 52Ms
8 years.. 4 ft. 2 in. 56%
9 years.. 4 ft. 4 in. 62
TS,
Height. Weight.
5 ft. 10 in.... 181 pounds
5 ft. 11 in.... 186 pounds
6 ft. in.... 190 pounds
| Height.Weight,
Ibs.
10 years.. 4 ft. 6 in. 68
11 years.. 4 ft. 8 in. 74
12 years.. 4 ft. 10 in. 80
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
DAYS OF GRACE, INTEREST AND STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.
STATE.
sl
I
INTEREST.
LIMITATIONS.
STATE.
C5
,1
01
K
a
INTEREST.
LIMITATIONS.
a*
I
1
X
w
J
1 s
d
i
o
fc
1
3
3
3
"3 2
,
o
1
K
w
J
I 9
1
to
1
%
Alabama....
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
NO
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
8
No
Yes*
No
Yes*
No
No
Yes
No
P.O..
8
c,
6
7
8
6
6
6
8
7
7
5
6
6
6
6
5
6
6
6
ft
7
6
6
p.p.
12
10
12
Any
Any
6
10
10
i!
8
8
10
I
A= ?
An.
1
8
*&
10
10
J
Yrs.
t6
6
5
1
Y f
3
3
4
6
6
3
3
2
4
4
5
6
5
5
3
3 6
6
6
6
A
5
Montana . . .
No
No
No
No*
Y N a S
No
Yes*
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes*
Yes*
Yes
No
Yes*
No
NO
No
No
No
No
No
P.ct.
8
7
7
6
6.
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
8
6
6
6
6
6
8
P.ct.
A ,s r
Any
6
12
6
6
12
8
10
10
6
T
10
12
6
6
12
6
10
12
Yrs.
10
20
20
10
10
5
10
&
i
10
10
8
8
20
6
10
20
21
Yrs.
8
5-
4
6
6
6
6
3
6
15
5
6
6
I
6
6
4
6
6
10
6
5
Yrs.
5
4
4
6
6
4
6
3
1
3
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
4
6
2
1
6
8
Alaska
Nebraska
Arkansas
Arizona
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dlst. of Columbia.
Florida
Nevada
New Hampshire. .
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
12
20
7
6
20
20
20
5
15
10
20
12
20
10
10
7
10
1
3
5
10
10
10
5
15
5
6
3
6
6
6
6
10
North Carolina. . .
North Dakota
Ohio
Georgia
1 Oklahoma
Idaho
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina....
South Dakota
Tennessee
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Texas . ....
Maine
Utah
Maryland
Vermont
Virginia
Massachusetts....
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
West Virginia....
Wisconsin
Wyoming
*Sight, yes; demand, no. tUnderseallO. tNo law. Negotiable notes 6, nonnegotiable 17
TABLE OF MONTHLY WAGES.
DATS.
$10
$11
$12
$13
$14
$15
$16
$17
$18
$19
$20
$21
$22
$23
$24
$25
1
38
42
46
50
54
58
62
65
69
73
77
81
85
88
92
96
2
3
4
.77
1.15
1 54
.85
1.27
1.69
.92
1.00
2'00
1.08
1.62
2.15
1.15
1.73
2 31
1.23
1.85
2 46
1.81
1.96
2 62
1.38
2.08
2 77
1.46
2.19
2 92
1.54
2.31
3 08
1.62
2.42
3 23
1.69
2.54
1.77
2.65
3 54
1.85
2.77
3 69
1.92
2.88
3 85
5
1 92
2 12
2 31
2 50
2 69
2 88
3 08
3 27
3 46
3 65
385
4 04
4 23
4 42
4 62
4 81
g
2 31
2 54
2 77
3 00
8 23
3 46
3 69
3 qa
4 15
4 38
4 62
4 85
5 08
5 31
5 54
5 77
7
2 69
2 96
3 23
3 50
3 77
4 04
4 31
4 58
4 85
5 12
5 38
6 65
5 92
6 19
6 46
6 73
8
3 08
3 38
3 69
4 00
4 31
4 62
4 92
5 23
5 54
5 85
6 15
6 46
6 77
7 08
7 38
7 69
i::::::::::::::
3.46
3 85
3.81
4.23
4.15
4 62
4.50
5.00
4.85
5 38
5.19
5 77
5.54
6 15
5.88
6 54
6.23
6 92
6.58
7 31
6.92
7.27
8 08
7.62
8 46
7.96
8 85
8.31
9 23
8.65
9 62
11
4 23
4 65
5 08
5 50
5 92
6 35
6 77
7 19
7 62
8 04
8 4fi
888
9 31
9 73
10 15
10 58
12
4 62
5 08
6 44
6 00
6 46
6 92
7 38
7 85
8 31
8 77
9 23
9 69
10 15
10 62
11 08
11 54
13
5 00
5 50
6 00
6 50
7 00
7 50
8 00
8 50
9 00
9 50
10 00
10 50
11 00
11 50
12 00
12 50
14
5 38
5 92
6 46
7 00
7 54
8 08
8 62
9 15
9 69
10 23
10 77
11 31
11 85
12 38
12 92
13 46
pj~
17....
5.77
6.15
6.54
6.35
6.77
7.19
6.92
7.38
7.85
8.08
8.62
9.15
8.65
9.23
9.81
9.23
9.85
10 46
9.81
10.46
11.12
10.38
11.08
11.77
10.96
11.69
12.42
11.54
12.31
13.08
12.12
12.92
13 73
12.69
13.54
14.38
13.27
14.15
15 04
13.85
14.77
15.69
14.42
15.38
16 35
18
6.92
7.62
8.31
9.00
9.69
10.38
11.08
11.77
12.46
13.15
13.85
14.54
15.23
15.92
16.62
17.31
7.31
7 69
8.04
8 46
8.77
9 23
9.50
10 00
10. 23
10 77
10.96
11 54
11.65*
12 31
12.42
13 03
13.15
13 85
13.88
14 62
14.62
15 38
15.35
16 15
16.08
16 92
16.81
17 69
17.54
18 46
18.27
19 23
|1
8.08
8.46
8.88
9 S1
9.69
10.15
M
11.31
11 85
12.12
12 69
12.92
13 54
13.73
14 38
14.54
15 23
15.35
16 08
16.15
16 94
16.96
17 77
17.77
18 62
18.58
19 46
19.38
20 31
20.19
21 15
23
1::::::::::::::
8.85
9.23
9.62
9.73
1C. 15
10.58
10.62
11.08
11.54
11.50
12.00
12.50
12.38
12.92
13.46
13.27
13.85
14.42
14.15
14.77
15.38
15.04
15. bit
16.35
15.92
16.62
17.31
16.81
17.54
18.27
17.69
18.46
19.23
18.58
19.38
20.19
19.46
20.31
21.15
20.35
21.23
22.12
21.23
22.15
23.08
22.12
23.08
24.04
TABLE OF YEARLY WAGES.
Per
year.
Per
month.
Per
week.
Per
day.
Per
year.
Per
month.
Per
week.
Per
day.
Per
year.
Per
month.
Per
week.
Per
day.
S"
$1.67
2.08
m -I
$0.05
.07
$100 is
105
$8.33
8.75
$1.92
2.01
$0.27
.29
$180 is
185
$15.00
15.42
$3.45
3.55
$0.49
.51
30
2.50
.58
.08
110
9.17
2.11
.30
190
15.83
3.64
.52
35
2.92
.67
.10
115
9.58
2.21
.32
195
16.25
3.74
.53
40
3.33
.77
.11
120
10.00
2.30
.33
200
16.57
3.84
.55
45
3.75
.86
.12
125
10.42
2.40
.34
205
17.08
3.93
.56
50
4.17
.96
.14
130
10.83
2.49
.36
210
17.50
4.03
.58
55
4.58
1.06
.15
1:55
11.25
2.59
.37
215
17.92
4.12
.59
60
5.00
1.15
.16
140
11.67
2.69
.38
220
18.33
4.22
.60
55
5.42
.25
.18
145
12.08
2.78
.40
225
18.75
4.31
.62
70
75
5.83
6.25
.34
.44
.19
.21
150
155
12.50
12.92
2.88
2.97
:8
230
235
19.17
19.58
4.41
4.51
.63
.64
80
6.67
.53
.22
160
13.33
3.07
.44
240
20.00
4.60
.66
7. OS
.63
.23
165
13.75
3.16
.45
245
20.42
4.70
.67
90
7.50
.73
.25
170
14.17
3.26
.47
250
20.83
4.79
.69
7.92
1.82
.26
175
14.58
3.36
.48
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
ACCUMULATION OF ANNUITY OF $1 AT COMPOUND INTEREST.
Yrs.
2%%
3%
VA%
4%
4%%
5%
6%
1
1 00000
1 00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
1.00000
2..
2.02500
2.03000
2.03500
2.04000
2.04500
2.05000
2.06000
3
3.07563
3.09090
3.10623
3.12160
3.13703
3.15250
3.18360
4.
4.15252
4.18363
4.21494
4.24646
4.27819
4.31013
4.37462
5.
, 5.25633
5.30914
5.36247
5.41632
5.47071
5.52563
5.63709
6
6 38774
6.46841
6.55015
6.63298
6.71689
6.80191
6.97532
7
7 54743
7.66246
7.77941
7 89829
8.01915
8 14201
8.39384
8
8.73612
8.'89234
9!05169
9.21423
9.38001
9.54911
9.89747
9....
9.95452
10.15911
10.36850
10.58280
10.80211
11.0^656
11.49132
10
11.20338
11.46388
11.73139
12.00611
12.28821
12.57789
13.18079
11
12 48347
12.80780
13.14199
13.48635
13 84118
14 20679
14.97164
12
13.79555
14.19203
14.60196
15.02581
15.46403
15.91713
16.86994
13
15.14044
15.61779
16.11303
16.62684
17.15991
17.71298
18.88214
14
16.51895
17.08632
17.67699
18.29191
18.93211
19.59863
21.01507
15
17.93193
18.59891
19.29568
20.02359
20.78405
21.57856
23.27597
16
19.38022
20.15688
20.97130
21.82453
22.71934
23.65749
25.67253
17
20.86473
21.76159
22.70502
23.69751
24.74171
25.84037
28.21288
18....
22.38635
23.41444
24.49969
25.64541
26.85508
28.13238
30.90565
19
23.94601
25.11687
26.35718
27.67123
29.06356
30.53900
33.75999
20
25.54466
26.87037
28.27968
29.77808
31.37142
33.06595
36.78559
21 ..
27 18327
28.67649
30.26947
31.96920
33 78314
35 71925
39 99273
22
28.86286
30.53678
32.32890
34.24797
36i30338
S8.50521
43.39229
23
30 58443
32.45288
34 46041
36.61789
38.93703
41.43048
46.99583
24
32.34904
34.'42647
36'. 66653
39.'08260
41.68920
44.50200
50.81558
25
34.15776
36.45926
38.94986
41.64591
44.56521
47.72710
54.86451
26
36.01171
38.55304
41.31310
44.31174
47.57064
51.11345
59.15638
27
37 91200
40.70963
43.75906
47 08421
50.71132
54.66913
63 70577
28
39.85980
42!93092
46."29063
49'. 96758
53.99333
58.40258
68.52811
29
41.85630
45.21885
48.91080
52.96629
57.42303
62.32271
73.63980
30
43.90270
47.57542
51.62268
56.08494
61.00707
66.43885
79.05819
31.
46.00027
50.00268
54.42947
59.32834
64.75239
70.76079
84.8016S
32
48.15028
52.50276
57.33450
62.70147
68.66625
75.29883
90.88978
33
50 35403
55.07784
60.34121
66 20953
72.75623
80.06377
97.34316
34.
52.61289
57.73018
63!45315
69.85791
77.03026
85.06696
104.18375
35
54.92821
60.46208
66.67401
73.65222
81.49662
90.32031
111.43478
36
57.30141
63.27594
70.00760
77-59831
86.16397
95.83632
119.12087
37
59 73395
66.17422
73.45787
81.70225
91.04134
101.62814
127.26812
38
62 22730
69.15945
77^02889
85.97034
96.13820
107.70955
135.90421
39
64 78298
72 23423
80 72491
90.40915
101.46442
114.09502
14s!o5846
40
67.40256
75140126
84^55028
95.'02552
107.'03032
120.'?9977
154i76197
41
70.08762
78.66330
88.50954
99.82654
112.84669
127.83976
165.W4768
42
72.83981
82.02320
92.60737
104.81960
118.92479
135.23175
175.95054
43
75 66081
85.48389
96.84863
110.01238
125.27640
142.99334
187.50758
44
78 55232
89.04841
10l'.23833
115.41288
131.91384
151.14301
199.75803
45
81 51613
92.71986
105.78167
12L02939
138.84997
159' 70016
212!74351
46
84.55403
96.50146
110.48403
126.87057
146.09821
168.68516
226.50812
47 ..
.. ..87 66789
100.39650
115.35097
132.94539
153.67263
178.11942
241.09861
48..
90 85958
104.40840
120^38826
139.26321
161.58790
188.02539
256.56453
49
94.13107
108.54065
125^60185
145.83373
169.85936
198.42666
272.95840
50. ,,
97.48435
112.79687
130.99791
152.66708
178.50303
209.34800
290.33590
PRESENT
VALUE OF
AN ANNUITY OF $1.
Yrs.
VA%
3%
3%%
4%
4V 2 %
5%
6%
1.
97561
0.97087
0.96618
0.96154
0.95694
0.95238
94S4C
2
1.92742
1.'91347
1.' 89969
1.88609
1.87267
l! 85941
1.83339
3
2.85602
2.82861
2.80164
2.77509
2.74896
2.72325
2.67301
4
3.76197
3.71710
3.67308
3.62990
3.58753
3.54595
3.46511
6
4 64583
4.57971
4.51505
4.45182
4.38998
4.32948
4.21236
6
5 50813
5.41719
5.32855
5 24214
5.15787
5 07569
4 91732
7
6.34939
6.'23028
6J1454
6.00205
5.89270
5.78637
5.58238
8
7.17014
7.01969
6.87396
6.73274
6.59589
6.46321
6.20979
9
7 97087
7 78611
7 60769
7.43533
7.26879
7.10782
6.80169
10
8.75206
8.53020
8.31661
8.1.090
7.91272
7.72173
7.36009
11...
9.51421
9.25262
9.00155
8.76048
8.52892
8.30641
7.88687
12
10 25776
9.95400
9.66333
9 38507
9.11858
8.86325
8 38384
13
10.98319
10.63496
lo'. 30274
9.98565
9.68285
9.39357
8.85268
14
, 11.69091
11.29607
10.92052
10.56312
10.22283
9.89864
9.29498
15.
12.38138
11.93794
11.51741
11.11839
10.73955
10.37966
9.71225
16..
13.05500
12.56110
12.09412
11.65230
11.23402
10.83777
10.10590
17
13.71220
13.16612
12.65132
12.16567
11.70719
11.27407
10.47726
18
14 3T336
13.75351
13.18968
12.65930
12.15999
11.68959
10.82760
19
14 97889
14' 32380
13.70984
13 13394
12.59329
12 08532
11.15812
20
15.58916
14.'87747
14.'21240
13.59033
13.00794
12.46221
11.46992
21
16.18455
15.41502
14.69797
14.02916
13.40472
12.82115
11.76408
22. .
16 76541
15.93692
15.16712
14.45112
13.78442
13.16300
12.04158
23
17 33211
16.44361
15.62041
14.85684
14.14777
13.48857
12.30338
24
17 88499
16.93554
16.05837
15.24696
14.49548
13.79864
12.55036
25
18 4 9 438
17.41215
1(5*48151
15.62208
14.82821
14.09394
12 78336
26
18.95061
1?'. 87684
16'. 89035
15.98277
15.14661
14.37519
13.00317
27
19 46401
18.32703
17.28536
16.32959
15.45130
14.64303
13.21C53
28...
19.96489
18.76411
17.66702
16.66306
15.74287
14.89813
13.40616
29... .
20 45355
19.18845
18.03577
16.98371
16.02189
15.14107
13.59072
30
20 93029
19.60044
18.39205
17.29203
16.28889
15.37245
13.76483
31
21 39541
2o'. 00043
18.73628
17.58849
16.54439
15.59281
13.929W)
32
21 84918
20.38877
19.06887
17.87355
16 78889
15.80268
14.08404
33
, 22.29188
20! 76579
19'. 39021
18.14765
17.02286
16.60255
14.23023
34
2 9 72379
21.13184
19 70068
18.41120
17.24676
16 19290
14 36814
35
...23.14516
21.48722
20'.OOCG6
18.' 66461
17.46101
16.37419
14.49825
40
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
3% 3V 2 % 4% 4y 2 % 5%
23.55625 21.83225 20.29049 18.90828 17.66604 16.54685
37 23.95732 22.16724 20.57053 19.14258 17.86224 16.71129
38 24.34860 22.49246 20.84109 19.36786 18.04999 16.86789
39 24.73034 22.80822 21.10250 19.58448 18.22966 17.01704
40 25.10278 23.11477 21.35507 19.79277 18.40158 17.15909
41 25.46612 23.41240 21.59910 19.99305 18.56611 17.29437
42 25.82061 23.70136 21.83488 20.18563 18.72355 17.42321
43 26.16645 23.98190 22.06269 20.37079 18.87421 17.54591
44 26.50385 24.25427 22.28279 20.54884 19.01838 17.66277
45 26.83302 24.51871 22.49545 20.72004 19.15635 17.77407
46 27.15417 24.77545 22.70092 20.88465 19.28S37 17.88007
47 27.46748 25.02471 22.89944 21.04294 19.41471 17.98102
48 27.77315 25.26671 23.09124 21.19513 19.53561 18.07716
49 28.07137 25.50166 23.27656 21.34147 19.65130 18.16872
'50 28.36231 25.72976 23.45562 21.48218 19.76201 18.25593
55 29.71398 26.77443 24.26405 22.10861 20.24802 18.63447
60 30.90866 27.67556 24.94473 22.62349 20.63802 18.92929
5 31.96458 28.45289 25.51785 23.04668 20.95098 19.16107
70 32.89786 29.12342 26.00040 23.39451 21.20211 19.34268
75 33.72274 29.70183 26.40669 23.68041 21.40363 1948497
80 34.45182 30.20076 26.74878 23.91539 21.56534 19.59646
85 35.09621 30.63115 27.03680 24.10853 21.69511 19.68382
ANNUITY WHICH $1 WILL BUY FOB YEARS GIVEN.
Yrs. 2%% 3% 3%% 4% 4Vo% 5%
1 1.02500 1.03000 1.03500 1.04000 1.04500 1.05000
2 51883 .52261 .52640 .53030 .53410 53780
3 35014 .35353 .35693 .36035 .36377 .36721
4 26582 .26903 .27225 .27549 .27874 .28201
.21525 .21835 .22148 .22463 .22779 .23097
.18155 .18470 .18767 .19076 .19388 .19702
.15760 .16051 .16354 .16661 .16970 .17282
.13947 .14246 .14548 .14853 .15161 .15472
.12546 .12843 .13145 .13449 .13757 .14069
10 11426 .11723 .12024 .12329 .12638 .13950
11 10511 .10808 .11109 .11415 .11725 .12039
12 09749 .10046 .10348 .10655 .10967 .11283
13 09105 .09403 .09706 .10014 .10328 .10646
14 08554 .08853 .09157 .09467 .09782 .10102
15 08077 .08377 .08683 .08994 .09311 .09634
16 07670 .07961 .08268 .08582 .08902 .09227
17 07293 .07595 .07904 .08230 .08542 .08880
18 06967 .07271 .07582 .07899 .08224 .08555
19 06676 .06981 .07294 .07614 .G7941 .08275
20 06415 .06722 .07036 .07358 .07688 .08024
21 06179 .06487 .06804 .07128 .07460 .07810
22 05965 .06275 .06593 .06930 .07255 .07597
23 05780 .06081 .06402 .06731 .07068 .07414
24 05591 .05905 .06227 .06559 .06899 .07247
25 05428 .05743 .06067 .06401 .06744 .07095
26 05277 .05594 .05921 .06257 .06602 .06956
27 05138 .05456 .05785 .06124 .06472 .06829
28 05009 .05329 .05660 .06001 .06352 .06712
29 04889 .05211 .05545 .05888 .06241 .06605
30 04778 .05102 .05437 .05783 .06139 .06505
31 04674 .05010 .05337 .05686 .06044 .06413
32 04577 .04905 .05244 .05595 .05956 .06328
33 04486 .04816 .05157 .05510 .05874 .06249
34 04401 .04732 .05076 .05431 .05798 .06176
35 04321 .04654 .05010 .05358 .05727 .06107
36 04245 .04580 .04928 .05289 .05661 .06043
37 04174 .04511 .04861 .05224 .05598 .05984
38 04107 .04446 .04798 .05163 .05540 .05928
39 03044 .04384 .04739 .05106 .05486 .05876
40 > 03984 .04326 .04683 .05052 .05434 .05828
41 03927 .04271 .04640 .05002 .05386 .05782
42 03873 .04219 .04590 .04954 .05341 .05739
43 03822 .04180 .04533 .04909 .05298 .05699
44 03773 .04123 .04488 .64866 .05258 .0-"662
45 03727 .04079 .04445 .04826 .05220 .05626
4G .. .. .03683 .04036 .04405 .04788 .05184 .05593
47 03641 .03996 .04367 .04752 .05151 .05561
48 03601 .03958 .04331 .04718 .05119 .05532
49 03562 .03921 .04296 .04686 .05089 .05504
50 03526 .03887 .04263 .04655 .05060 .05478
55... 03365 .03735 .04121 .04523 .04939 .05367
60 .. ,. .03225 .03613 .04009 .04420 .04845 .05283
65 03128 .03515 .03919 .04339 .04773 .05219
70 03040 .03434 .03846 .04275 .04717 .05170
75 02965 .03367 .03787 .04223 .04672 .05132
80 02903 .03311 .03738 .04181 .04637 .05103
14.62099
14.73678
14.84602
14.94907
15.04630
15.13802
15.22454
15.30617
15.38318
15.45583
15.52437
15.58903
15.65003
15.70757
15.76186
15.99054
16.16143
16.28912
16.38454
16.45585
16.50913
16.54805
1.06000
.54544
.37411
.28859
.23740
.20336
.17914
.16104
.14702
.13587
.12679
.11928
.11296
.10758
.10296
.09895
.09544
.09326
.08962
.08718
.08500
.08305
.08128
.07968
.07823
.07690
.07570
.07459
.07358
.07265
.07179
.07100
.07027
.06920
.06786
.06736
.06689
.06645
.06606
.06568
.06533
.06501
.06470
.06441
.06415
.06390
.06366
.06344
.06254
.06188
.06139
.06103
.06077
.06057
FASTEST TRIPS AROUND THE WORLD.
Made by John Henry Mears in 191335 days 21 , Made by Henry Frederick in 190354 days 7
hours 36 minutes. hours 20 minutes.
Made by Andre Jaeger^Schmidt in 191139 days Made by Nellie Ely (Mrs. Nellie Seaman) in
42 minutes 38 seconds. I 1889 72 days 6 hours 11 minutes.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
41
LIFE INSURANCE IN THE UNITED STATES.
YEAR.
ORDINARY.
INDUSTRIAL.
TOTAL.
Policies.
Amount.
Policies.
Amount.
Policies.
Amount.
1850
i
900
910
914
29,407
fO.OOO
839,226
679.690
1.319.561
3.176,051
6.954.119
9.045,081
$68,614.189
180.000.000
2.262.847.0(10
1.564. 183.532
3.620.057.4:^
7.093, 152.380
13,227,213. 1H8
17.425.501.137
236.674
ll.219.2M
23,034,463
30,537,592
""$20'.533,469
429.521,128
1.4f 58.936.366
3.177.047 874
4,140,151,191
5,203,090
14,395.347
29.988,582
39.582.673
ti,584,7i7',66i
4.049.578.567
8.562,138,746
16,404,261.042
21,565,652,328
Total
income.
poH^hoWers. Assets.
Liabilities.
Surplus.
L890
1900
1910
L914
J196.938.069
400.257.6fti
781.011.249
9*5.037,362
$90.007,820 $770,972,061
168,687,601 1,742.414,173
387,302.073 3,875,877.059
509.455.142 4.935,252,793
$678,681.309
1.493.378,709
3.325.878.366
4.364.563.505
$92.290,752
249.OiS5.464
549.998.H93
570,689,288
FERE AND MARINE INSURANCE.
CASUALTY AND MISCELLANEOUS INSURANCE.
I
890
L900
1910
1914
Corn-
pa- Incc
nies.
PAYMENTS TO POLICY-
me HOLDERS.
YEAR.
Com-
panies.
Payments
Income, to policy-
holders.
Losses.
Dividends
Total.
$80,768.012
116,753.281
187.499.024
240.812.150
580 $157,8
493 198,3
597 381.5
596 430.8
57,983 $75,334.517
12.577 108.307,171
45,814 166,789.763
73.256 224.639.583
$5,334,495
8,446.110
20,709.261
16.172,567
1890
34
62
177
188
$9.758,413 $2,933,306
32,309.619 10,166.796
111.041.748 41,465.472
1 62.029 86 71.341.1-61
1900
1910
1914
PORK PACKING STATISTICS.
Season from Nov. 1 to March 1.
CITY.
1914-15
19] 3-14
1912-13
1911-12
1910-11
1909-10
1908-09
1907-08
1906-07
No. hogs
2,403,739
226.988
M0.486
1,135,931
69.381
453,463
687.274
656.636
Chicago
No. hogs
2.871.328
225,673
684.247
1,100.581
24.763
765.820
789.423
771.990
No. hogs
2,349,614
187,547
519,188
991.624
54,452
513.556
814.451
720.368
No. hogs
2.364.363
212,072
571.773
1,099.985
50.692
513.637
809.443
890.850
No. hogs
2,638.044
262.249
629.208
1,393.875
70,100
551.619
949.232
1,021,198
No. hogs
2.067.995
206.562
418.743
919,932
58,190
415.191
574.619
720,596
No. hogs
2,063.544
196.471
469.081
985.118
69.853
365.823
531.049
705.368
No. hogs
2,640.765
245.323
703.235
1,520.481
96,606
583.338
700.772
884.937
No. hogs
2,570,475
297,472
747,074
1,365,221
83.647
684.060
742.734
706.029
Cincinnati .
Indianapolis
KansasClty
Louisville
'Milwaukee
Omaha
St. Louis
'Includes Cudahy.
NEWSPAPERS IN THE UNITED STATES (1916.)
[From
Ayer's
America)
State or territorv.
Daily. Weekly.
Total.
Alabama
... 26
178
232
Alaska
15
28
Arizona
, 18
57
81
Arkansas
... 31
250
308
California
... 166
593
967
Colorado
... 46
312
398
Connecticut
... 36
85
151
Delaware
4
27
35
District of Columbia
7
22
82
Florida
... 31
158
207
Georgia
... 26
255
356
Hawaii
6
16
35
Idaho
... 11
138
163
Illinois
... 173
1,040
1,770
Indiana
... 148
495
743
Iowa
... 64
751
941
Kansas
... 66
627
734
Kentucky
... 28
212
305
Louisiana
... 19
153
212
Maine
... 12
97
136
Marvland
Massachusetts
17
... 88
113
395
180
677
Michigan
... 78
521
715
... 48
648
815
Mississippi
... 16
183
227
Missouri
... 87
730
977
Montana
... 20
217
255
Nebraska
... 28
557
649
Nevada
... 10
28
41
Total.
232
State or territory.
New Hampshire
Daily.
13
28
New Jersey
. 47
81
7
308
207
967
North Carolina
29
398
North Dakota
10
151
Ohio
178
35
Oklahoma
.. .. 51
82
36
207
356
Pennsylvania
214
. . 19
35
Porto Rico
11
163
1 770
Rhode Island ^..
13
. . 16
743
17
941
17
734
Texas
103
305
Utah
7
212
9
136
Virginia
31
180
Washington
38
677
West Virginia
... . 30
715
63
815
7
227
977
Total in 1916
2 494
255
649
Total in 1915
.. 2,661
41
Canada. 1916...
.. 152
Weekly. Total.
76
107
270
368
103
121
1,062
2,121
198
301
347
371
666
1,104
498
589
222
305
807
1,335
8
40
9
25
21
52
110
170
366
406
228
312
830
1,043
78
114
Ufl
168
p
254
310
408
159
204
530
681
75
9.1
16,091 23,024
17,380 >.4,724
1,065 1M9
42
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
UNITED STATES LIFE TABLES.
[Computed by the bureau of the census.]
Based on the estimated population July 1, 1910,
of the original registration states and on the
reported deaths in 1909, 1910 and 1911. Original
registration states include Maine, New Hamp-
BOTH SEXES, ONE YEAR INTERVALS.
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Indiana and
Michigan and the District of Columbia.
Age
interval
Years.
0-1
.* No.
living, t
...100 000
No.
dying.*
11,462
2,446
1,062
666
477
390
327
274
234
204
187
180
182
193
210
232
256
285
315
344
375
398
412
418
425
432
440
451
465
479
493
511
530
550
568
588
i:
No.
dying, t
4,377
1,131
943
801
Exp't'n
of life.
Years.
51.49
57.11
57.72
57.44
56.89
56.21
55.47
54.69
53.87
53.02
52.15
51.26
50.37
49.49
48.60
47.73
46.86
46.01
45.17
44.34
43.53
42.73
41.94
41.16
40.38
39.60
38.81
38.03
37.25
36.48
35.70
34.93
34.17
33.41
32.66
31.90
sFANT
Exp't'a
of life.
Years.
51.49
53.76
54.32
54.78
Age
interval
Years.
36-37
* No.
living.f
7 -> 539
No.
dying.t
605
617
631
644
658
674
693
716
74C
766
795
821
846
873
897
929
970
1,025
1,084
1,153
1,225
1,289
1,346
1,404
1,462
1,521
1,587
1,656
1,718
1.773
1,826
1,877
1,928
1.974
2,013
2,044
IE MO
No.
dying.t
705
635
579
533
Exp't'n
of life.
Years.
31.16
30.42
29.68
28.94
28.20
27.46
26.73
25.99
25.26
24.54
23.82
23.10
22.39
21.69
2098
20.28
19.58
18.89
18.21
17.55
16.90
16.26
15.64
15.03
14.42
13.83
13.26
12.69
12.14
11.60
11.08
10.57
10.07
9.58
9.11
8.66
NTH IIS
Exp't'n
of life.
Years.
55.17
55.51
55.81
56.08
Age
interval.*
Years. 1
72-73..
No.
ving.t
29,759
27,694
2i>,622
23,552
21,495
19,467
17,486
15,566
13,712
11,926
10,230
8,665
7,256
6,001
4,898
3,944
3,128
2,439
1,868
1,402
1,031
742
523
361
244
161
104
65
40
24
14
8
4
2
1
No.
livingt
90,296
89,804
89,348
88.927
Exp't'n
No. of life.
dying.t Years.
2,065 8.22
2,072 7.79
2,070 7.38
2,057 6.99
2,028 6.61
1,981 6.25
1,920 5.90
1,854 5.56
1,786 5.25
1.696 4.96
1,565 4.70
1,409 4.45
1,255 4.22
1,103 4.00
954 3.79
816 3.58
689 3.39
571 3.20
466 3.03
371 2.87
289 2.73
219 2.59
162 2.47
117 2.35
83 2.24
57 2.14
39 2.04
25 1.95
16 1.85
10 1.76
6 1.67
4 1.59
2 1.50
1 1.41
1 1.33
Exp't'n
No. of life. 5
dying.t Years.
492 56.33
456 56.56
421 56.76
389 56.95
1-2
88 538
37-38....
38-39....
39-40
... 71,924
. .. 71,317
70 686
73-74
74-75
75-76
2-3
86 092
3-4
85 030
4-5
8' 364
40-41
.. 70,042
76-77
77-78...
78-79
5-6
6-7
.. 83,887
83 497
41-42....
42-43....
43-44....
44-45
... 69,384
... 68,710
. .. 68,017
... 67,301
7-8
.. 83 170
79-80
80-81
81-82
82-83
83-84
84-85
85-86
8-9
82 896
9-10
82 66?
45-46.
66 561
10-11....
.. 82,458
46-47....
47-48 . .
... 65,795
. 65,060
11-12
82 271
12-13
82 091
48-49....
... 64,179
13-14
81 909
49-50
50-51....
51-52....
52-53
... 63,333
... 62,460
... 61,563
... 60.634
14-15
81 716
86-87
15-16. .
. . 81 506
87-88
16-17
81 274
88-89
89-90
17-18....
18-19
.. 81,018
80 733
53-54....
54-55....
... 59,664
... 58,639
90-91
19-20....
20-21....
21-22....
22-23
23 24
.. 80.418
... 80,074
... 79,699
... 79,301
78 889
55-56....
56-57...
57-58....
58-59....
59-60....
... 57,555
... 56,402
... 55,177
... 53,888
... 52,542
91-92
92-93.
93-94
94-95 . . .
95-96
96-97
24-25...
25-26
.. 78,471
78 046
60-61
51 138
61-62....
62-63
... 49.676
48 155
97-98
98-99
26-27....
27-28....
... 77,614
.. 77,174
63-64....
64-65...
65-66 . . .
... 46,568
... 44,912
... 43 194
99-100
100-101
101-102
102-103
103-104
104-105
105-106
106-107
TERVALS.
Age
interval.*
Mouths.
8-9
9-10
28-29....
29-30....
30-31....
31-32
... 76,723
... 76.258
... 75,779
75 286
66-67....
67-68
... 41,421
... 39,595
32-33....
33-34
... 74,775
74 245
68-69
37 718
69-70...
... 35,790
34-35
73 695
70-71...
... 33,816
35-36
73 127
71-72...
... 31,803
^ITY, OJ
* No.
livingt
... 92,748
Age
interval
Months.
0-1
.* No.
livingt
100 600
MORTAI
Age
interval
Months.
4-5
1-2
95 623
5-6
6-7
... 92,043
91 408
2-3
94 492
10-11
11-12...
3-4...
.. 93.549
7-8...
.. 90.829
EXPECTATION OF LIFE BY SEX.
Age
int'val
Years.
0-1 . .
White ^
* males.
Years
50.23
fVhite fe-
t males t
. Years.
53.62
58.69
59.24
58.92
58.35
57.67
56.93
56.14
55.31
54.45
53.57
52.68
51.79
50 89
5000
49.12
48.25
47.39
46.54
45.71
44.88
44.07
43.26
42.47
41.67
40 88
40.09
Age
int'val
Years.
27-28..
28-29..
29-30. .
30-31...
31-3?
White 1
.* males.
Years
... 37.21
... 36.43
... 35.65
... 34.87
34.10
^hite fe-
t males, t
. Years.
39.31
38.52
37.74
36.96
36.18
35.40
34.63
33.86
33.09
32.33
31.56
30.80
30.03
29.26
28.50
27.73
26.97
26.21
25.45
24.70
23.96
23.21
22.48
21.74
21.02
20.29
19.58
Age
int'val
Years.
54-55..
55-56..
56-57..
57-58..
58-59..
59-60..
60-61..
61-62..
62-63..
63-64..
64-65..
65-66..
6-67..
67-68..
R8-69...
69-70..
70-71..
71-72...
72-73..
73-74..
74-75..
75-76..
76-77..
77-78..
78-79. .
79-80. .
80-81..
White White fe-
.* males.tmales.t
Years. Years.
... 17.68 18.87
... 17.03 18.18
... 16.39 17.50
... 15.77 16.84
... 15.16 16.19
... 14.57 15; 55
... 13.98 14.92
... 13.41 14.31
... 12.85 13.70
... 12.31 13.11
... 11.77 12.53
... 11.25 11.97
... 10.75 11.42
... 10.25 10.89
... 9.77 1037
... 9.29 9.86
... 8.83 938
... 8.39 891
... 7.95 8.46
... 7.53 8.03
... 7.13 7.61
... 6.75 7.20
... 6.38 6.80
... 6.04 6.41
... 5.71 604
... 5.39 5.69
... 5.09 5.35
Age
int'val.
Years.
81-82. .
82-83. .
83-84. .
84-85. .
85-86. .
86-87. .
87-88. .
88-89. .
89-90. .
90-91. .
91-92. .
92-93. .
93-94. .
94-95. .
95-96. .
96-97. .
97-98...
98-99...
99-100..
100-101.
101-102.
102-103.
103-104.
104-105.
105-106.
106-107.
White White fe-
* males.tmales.t
Years. Years.
.. 4.81 5.05
.. 4.56 4.78
.. 4.32 4.53
.. 4.10 4.29
.. 3.88 4.06
.. 3.68 3.83
.. 3.49 3.61
.. 3.31 3.40
.. 3.15 3.19
.. 2.99 3.00
.. 2.84 2.83
.. 2.70 2.67
.. 2.57 2.52
.. 2.44 2.39
.. 2.31 2.27
.. 2.19 2.15
.. 2.06 2.0E
.. 1.93 1.94
.. 1.80 1.84
.. 1.68 1.74
.. 1.56 1.65
.. 1.45 1.55
.. 1.34 1.46
. . 1.25 1.37
.. 1.15 1.29
1.21
1-2
56 26
2-3
3-4
... 56.88
56.60
4-5.. .
56.05
5-6
55.37
32-33...
33-34..
34-35..
35-36..
36-37..
37-38...
38-39..
39-40..
40-41..
41-4?
... 33.33
... 32.58
... 31.82
... 31.08
... 30.34
... 29.61
... 28.88
... 28.16
... 27.43
26 71
6-7
54 63
7-8
53 85
8-9
9-10....
10-11...
11-12...
12-13...
13-14...
14-15...
15-16...
16-17...
17-18...
18-19...
19-20...
20-21..
21-22..
22-23..
23-24..
24-25..
25-26..
26-27..
... 53.03
... 52.19
... 51.32
... 50.44
... 49.56
... 48.67
... 47.79
... 46.91
... 46.04
... 45.18
... 44.34
... 43.52
... 42.71
... 41.92
... 41.13
... 40 36
... 39.57
... 38.79
... 38.00
42-43..
43-44..
44-45..
45-46..
46-47..
47-48..
48-49..
49-50..
50-51..
51-52..
52-53..
53-54..
... 25.99
... 25.27
... 24.56
... 23.86
... 23.16
... 22.46
... 21.77
... 21.08
... 20.39
... 19.70
... 19.02
... 18.35
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
43
Age
int'val.t
Years.
0-1
Males.!
Years.
. 34.05
. 42.63
44 55
emales.
Years.
37.67
45.15
46.95
47.12
46.87
46.42
45.81
45.13
44.39
43.62
42.84
42.06
41.29
40.56
39.85
39.13
38.55
37.95
37.35
36.75
36.14
35.53
34.90
34.27
33.63
32.97
32.29
31.61
NEGRO I
Age
int'val.t Males.*
Years. Years.
28-29 28 RS
3XPECT
'emales.
Years.
30.94
30.27
29.61
28.96
28.33
27.70
27.07
26.44
25.81
25.18
24.56
23.94
23.34
22.75
22.16
21.58
21.00
20.43
19.86
19.30
18.75
18.20
17.65
17.10
16.55
16.61
15.48
14.98
A.TION
Age
int'val
Years.
56-57.
OF LJF
t Males.I
Years.
13 36
E.
^emales.
Years.
14.50
14.05
13.62
13.20
12,78
12.37
11.96
11.56
11.18
10.82
10.49
10.17
9.86
9.54
9.22
8.89
8.55
8.21
7.88
7.55
7.22
6.91
6.61
6.32
6.05
5.81
5.59
Age
int'val.t
Years.
83-84
Males.I
Years.
4 84
"emales.
Years.
5.40
5.23
5.09
4.97
4.86
4.76
4.64
4.50
4.34
4.14
3.92
3.69
3.45
3.22
2.99
2.78
2.58
2.39
2.21
2.05
1.89
1.73
1.59
1.43
1.32
1.20
1.08
1-2
2-3
29-30. .
... 27.94
57-58..
58-59
... 12.93
12 bO
84-85....
85-86....
86-87....
. 4.64
. 4.48
. 4 36
30-31
27 33
3-4
. 45 01
31-32..
32-33..
33-34..
34-35..
35-36
.... 26.74
.... 26.16
.... 25.58
.... 25.00
24 42
59-60.
. . 12.08
4-5
. 44. 7S
60-61...
... 11.67
87-88....
88-89....
89-90....
90-91
. 4.26
. 4.18
. 4.10
. 4 01
5-6
6-7
. 44.25
. 43 62
61-62. .
. . li 27
62-63...
63-64
... 10.88
10 49
7-8
4 9 94
8-9
42 20
36-37..
37-38..
.... 23.84
.... 23.26
64-65...
65-66...
... 10.11
... 9.74
91-92....
92-93....
93-94....
94-95....
95-96....
96-97....
97-98....
98-99....
99-100. . .
100-101..
101-102..
102-103..
103-104 . .
104-105..
105-108..
106-107..
107-108..
108-109
. 3.89
. 3.75
. 3.57
. 3.27
. 3.15
. 2.93
. 2.72
. 2.51
. 2.32
. 2.14
. 1.97
. 1.81
. 1.66
. 1.53
. 1.40
. 1.27
. 1.16
9-10
. 41.44
10-11
11-12
12-13
. 40.65
. 39.85
39 05
38-39..
39-40..
40-41
.... 22.69
.... 22.12
21 57
66-67
9 38
67-68
9 02
68-69...
69-70. . .
70-71
... 8.67
... 8.33
8 00
13-14
14-15
. 38.27
37 51
41-42..
. . . . 21 02
4'M3
20 48
15-16
36 77
43-44..
44-45..
45-46
.... 19.94
.... 19.39
18 85
71-72. .
.. 7 69
16-17
. 36 05
72-73...
... 7.39
17-18
35 37
73-74...
74-75...
75-76...
76-77...
77-78..
78-79...
79-80...
80-81...
... 7.11
... 6.84
... 6.58
... 6.35
... .15
... 5.96
... 5.76
... 5.53
18-19
19-20
. 34.71
34 08
46-47..
47-48
.... 18.30
17 75
20-21
21-22
22-23
. 33.46
. 32.86
32 26
48-49
. 17 22
49-50..
50-51
.... 16.71
16 21
23-24. .
31 67
51-52..
52-53..
.... 15.7?,
.... 15.23
24-25
25-26
. 31.06
30 44
53-54
14 75
81-82...
82-83...
... 5.29
... 5.<ri
26-27
27-28
. 29.81
. 29.18
54-55..
55-56..
.... 14.28
.... 13.82
109-110..
born alive dying in age interval. Ayerage
length of life remaining to each one alive at
beginning of age interval.
AMERICAN TABLE OF MORTALITY.
Used by insurance companies in computing expectation of life.
Period of lifetime between two exact ages.
tNumber of 100,000 persons born alive living at
beginning of age interval. JNumber of 100,000
Age.
No.
living.
. 100 000
No. Exp't'n
dying, of life.
749 48.72
746 48.08
743 47.45
740 46.80
737 46.16
735 45.50
732 44.85
729 44.19
727 43.53
725 42.87
723 42.20
722 41.53
721 40.85
720 40.17
719 39.49
718 38.81
718 38.12
718 37.43
718 36. V3
719 36.03
720 35.33
721 34.63
723 33.92
726 33.21
729 32.50
732 31.78
737 31.07
742 30.35
749 29.62
Age.
39
40
No.
living.
... 78,862
78 106
No.
dying.
756
765
774
Exp't'n
of life.
28.90
28.18
27.45
Age.
No.
living.
. 43 133
No.
dying.
2,243
2,321
2,391
2.448
2,487
2,505
2,501
2,476
2,431
2,369
2,291
2,196
2,091
1,964
1,816
1,648
1,470
1,292
1,114
933
744
555
385
246
137
58
18
3
Exp't'n
of life.
9.47
8.91
8.4S
8.00
7.55-
7.11
6.6&
6.27
5.88
6.49
5.11
4.74
4.39
4.05
3.71
3.39
3.08
2.77
2.47
2.18
1.91
1.6<5
1.42
1.19
.98
.80
.64
.50
11
99 251
69....
70...
40,890
38,569
12
98 505
41
. . . 77,341
13
14
... 97,762
97 022
42
43
44
... 76,567
. . . 75,782
74 985
785
797
812
828
848
870
896
927
962
1,001
1,044
1,091
1,143
1,199
1,200
1,325
1,394
1,468
1,546
1,628
1,713
1,800
1,889
1,980
2,070
2,158
26.72
26.00
25.27
24.54
23.81
23.03
22.36
21.63
20.91
20.20
19.49
18.79
18.09
17.40
16.72
16.05
15.39
14.74
14.10
13.47
12.86
12.26
11.67
11.10
10.54
10.00
71 ..
. 36 178
72
33 730
15
96 285
73
31 243
16
17
18
... 95,550
... 94,818
94,089
45
74,173
74
. 28 738
'46
47
48
49
. . . 73,345
.... 72,497
.... 71,627
... 70,731
26,237
76....
77
23,761
21 330
19
20
... 93,362
... 92,637
78....
18,961
21
91 914
50
51
52
.... 69,804
.... 68,842
.... 67,841
79....
80....
81....
16,670
14,474
12 383
22
23
... 91,192
... 90,471
24
... 89 751
53
54
.... 66,797
65 706
82....
83
10,419
8 603
25
26
. . . 89,032
... 88 314
65
66
.... 64,563
.. . 63,364
84
6.955
27
87 596
85 ....
86
5,485
4 193
28
29
30
... 86,878
... 86,160
85 441
57
58
.... 62,104
60,779
87
3,079
59
60
.... 59,385
57 917
88....
89
2,146
1 402
31
32
. . . 84,721
84 000
61
62
63
.... 56,371
.... 54,743
. 53 030
90..,.
91
847
462
33
34..
... 83,277
82 551
92....
93....
94
216
79
21
35
36
... 81,822
. . 81 090
64
65
66
.... 51,230
.... 49.341
. 47 361
37
38
... 80,353
... 79,611
95 ....
3
67
... 45,291
LINCOLN MEMORIAL COMMISSION.
Chairman William Howard Taft, New Haven,
Conn.
Joseph G. Cannon, Danville, 111.
George P. Wetmore, Newport, R. I.
Samuel W. McCall, Winchester, Mass.
Speaker Champ Clark, Washington, D. C.
Senator Thomas S. Martin, Washington. D. C.
Joseph C. S. Blackburn, Versailles, Ky.
Special Resident Commissioner Joseph C. S.
Blackburn.
Secretary Henry A. Vale, 2415 20th street,
Washington, D. C.
Executive and Disbursing Officer Col. William
W. Harts, U. S. A.
The Lincoln memorial commission was created
by an act of congress approved Feb. 9, 1911, to
aevise and construct a memorial of Abraham
Lincoln in the city of Washington, D. C. A de-
sign submitted by Henry Bacon, a New York
architect, was formally accepted by congress
Feb. 9, 1913. The memorial, which will stand in
Potomac park, is to be a colonnaded edifice
containing a statue of Abraham Lincoln, a me-
morial of the Gettysburg speech, a memorial of
the second inaugural address and a symbol of
the union of the states. Its cost is limited to
$2.000,000. Ground was broken Feb. 12, 1914. The
salary of the special resident commissioner is
$5,000 a year.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
WEATHER FORECASTS AND SIGNALS.
The operations of the weather bureau of the
department of agriculture are based on observa-
tions of the weather taken at about 200 observa-
tories throughout the United States at the same
moment of time and telegraphed daily to Wash-
ington, D. C., and to other important cities.
These observations, comprising barometric pres-
sure, temperature, precipitation, winds and
clouds, are entered upon outline charts of the
United States by means of symbols, forming the
"daily weather map," from which the forecasts
are made. These forecasts are issued every day
for every state in the union, and whenever nec-
essary special warnings are sent -out of storms.
frosts, cold waves, heavy snows and floods. In
addition to the main office in Washington, there
are subordinate forecast centers in Chicago, New
Orleans, Denver, San Francisco and Portland,
Ore. Weather forecasts for a week in advance
are now sent out from Washington.
The forecasts are first telegraphed to about
2,300 principal distributing points, whence they
are further disseminated by telegraph, telephone
and through the mail by means of forecast cards,
rural free delivery slips and newspapers.
It is estimated that the total number of per-
sons in the United States to whom the weather
forecasts are available is more than 4.000,000.
No. 1.
White flag.
P
Clear or
fair weather.
No. 2.
Blue flag.
BLUE
Rain or snow.
No. 3
White and blue
flag.
No. 4. No. 5.
Black triangu- White flag with black
lar flag. square in center.
Local rain or
snow.
WEATHER FLAGS.
Temperature.
Cold wave.
When No. 4 is placed above No. 1. 2 or 3 it
indicates warmer; when below, colder: when not
displayed, the temperature is expected to remain
about stationary. During the late spring and
early fall the cold-wave flag is used to indicate
anticipated frosts.
Small craft. Northwest winds. Suuthwest winds. Northeast winds. Southeast winds. "Hurricane" signal.
STORM-WARNING FLAGS.
Small craft warning A red pennant indicates
that moderately strong winds are expected.
Storm warnings A red flag with a black cen-
ter indicates that a storm of marked violence is
expected. The pennants displayed with the flags
indicate the direction of the wind: Red, east-
erly; white, westerly (from southwest to north).
The pennant above the flag indicates that the
wind is expected to blow from the northerly
quadrants; below, from southerly quadrants.
By night a red light indicates easterly winds and
a white light above a red light westerly winds.
Two red flags, with black centers, displayed
one above the other, indicate the expected ap-
proach of tropical hurricanes, and also of those
extremely severe and dangerous storms which
occasionally move across the lakes and northern
Atlantic coast. Hurricane warnings are not dis-
played at night.
ABBREVIATIONS OF TITLES, DEGREES, ETC.
Following is a list of some of the more com-
mon abbreviations used after the names of per-
sons to designate title, rank, degree, member-
ship in societies, orders or public bodies, etc.:
A. R. A. Associate of the Royal Academy.
B. A. Bachelor of Arts.
Bart. Baronet.
B. D. Bachelor of Divinity.
B. S. Bachelor of Science.
C. B. Companion of the Bath.
g. E. Civil Engineer.
. I. E. Companion of Order of Indian Empire.
C. J. Chief Justice.
C. M. G. Companion of Order of St. Michael
and St. George.
C V O. Companion of Victorian Order.
D. D. Doctor of Divinity.
D. Sc. Doctor of Science.
D g O. Distinguished Service Order.
F. R. G. S. Fellow of the Royal Geographical
Society.
F. R. S. Fellow of the Royal Society.
J. P. Justice of the Peace.
K. C.- King's Counsel.
K. C B. Knight Commander of the Bath.
K. C. M. G. Knight Commander of Order of St.
Michael and St. George.
K. C. V. O. Knight Commander of the Vic-
torian Order.
K. G. Knight of the Garter.
L. H. D. Doctor of Humanities.
LL. B. Bachelor of Laws.
LL. D. Doctor of Laws.
Litt. D. Doctor of Literature.
M. A. Master of Arts.
M. C. Member of Congress.
M. D. Doctor of Medicine.
M. P. Member of Parliament.
M V: O. Member of the Victorian Order.
N. A. National Academician.
O. M. Order of Merit.
P. C. Privy Councilor.
Ph. D. Doctor of Philosophy.
R. A. Roval Academician.
S. J. Society of Jesus.
S. T. D. Doctor of Sacred Theology.
U. S. A. United States Army.
U. S. N. United States Navy.
V C. Victoria Cross.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
45
THERMOMETERS COMPARED.
There are three kinds of thermometers, with
varying scales, in general use throughout the
world the Fahrenheit. Reaumur and centigrade.
The freezing and boiling points on their scales
compare as follows:
Thermometer. Freezing pt. Boiling pt.
Fahrenheit 32 degrees 2] 2 degrees
Reaumur zero 80 degrees
Centigrade zero 100 degrees
The degrees on one scale are reduced to their
equivalents on another by these formulas:
Fahrenheit to Reaumur Subtract 32, multiply
by four-ninths.
Fahrenheit to Centigrade Subtract 32, multiply
by five-ninths.
Reaumur to
fourths, add 32
Reaumur to
fourths.
Fahrenheit -Multiply by nine-
Centigrade Multiply by five-
Centigrade to Fahrenheit Multiply by nine-
fifths, add 32.
Centigrade to Reaumur Multiply by four-
fifths.
COMPARATIVE SCALES.
Cen
C. F.
30 equals 22.(
29 equals 20.5
28 equals 18.^
27 equals 16. (
26 equals 14.5
25 equals 13. (
24 equals 11.:
23 equals 9.4
22 equals 7 (
21 equals 5.J
20 equals 4.(
19 equals 2.5
18 equals 0."
17 equals 1.4
16 equals 3.5
15 equals 5.(
14 equals 6.J
13 equals 8.(
12 equals 10.4
11 equals 12.5
10 equals 14.C
RAIL]
Time
I mile. Miles
Mia. Sec. per hour.
0:36 100.00
0:37 97.30
0:38 94.74
0:39 92.31
0:40 90.00
0:41 87.80
0:42 85.71
0:43 83.72
0:44 81.82
0:45 80.00
0"46 78 26
tigrade to Fahrei
0. F.
9 equals 15.8
8 equals 17.6
7 equals 19.4
> 6 equals 21.2
5 equals 23.0
4 equals 24.8
3 equals 26.6
2 equals 28.4
1 equals 30.2
equals 32.0
1 equals 33.8
2 equals 35.6
3 equals 37.4
4 equals 39.2
5 equals 41.0
) 6 equals 42.8
7 equals 44.6
8 equals 46.4
9 equals 48.2
10 equals 50.0
11 equals 51.8
ElOAD TRAIN !
Time
1 mile. Miles
in.Sec. per hour.
:ll 60.70
:12 50.00
:13 49.31
:14 48.65
:15 48.00
:16 47.37
:17 46.74
:18 46.15
:19 45.57
:20 45.00
:21 44.44
:22 43.90
:23 43.37
:24 42.86
:25 42.35
:26 41.86
:27 41.38
:28 40.91
:29 40.45
:30 40.00
:31 39.56
:32 39.13
:33 38.71
iheit.
U. F.
12 equals 53.6
13 equals 55.4
14 equals 57.2
15 equals 59.0
16 equals 60.8
17 equals 62. 1
18 equals 64.4
19 equals 66.2
20 equals 68.0
21 equals 69.8
22 equals 71.6
23 equals 73.4
24 equals 75.2
25 equals 77.0
26 equals 78.8
27 equals 80.6
28 equals 82.4
29 equals 84.2
30 equals 86.0
50 equals 122.0
100 equals 212.0
Ream
R. F.
30 equals 35.5
29 equals 33.2
28 equals 31.0
27 equals 28.7
26 equals 26.5
25 equals 24.2
24 equals 22.0
23 equals 19.7
22 equals 17.5
21 equals 15.2
20 equals 13.0
19 equals 10.7
18 equals 8.5
17 equals 6.2
16 equals 4.0
15 equals 1.7
14 equals 0.5
13 equals 2.7
12 equals 5.0
11 equals 7.2
10 equals 9.5
nur to Fahrenbe
R. F.
9 equals 11.7
8 equals 14.0
7 equals 16.25
6 equals 18.5
5 equals 20.7
4 equals 23.0
3 equals 25.2
2 equals 27.5
1 equals 29.7
equals 32.0
1 equals 34.2
2 equals 36.5
3 equals 38.7
4 equals 41.0
5 equals 43.2
6 equals 45.5
7 equals 47.7
8 equals 50.0
9 equals 52.2
10 equals 54.5
11 equals 56.7
it.
R. F.
12 equals 59.0
13 equals 61.2
14 equals 63.5
15 equals 65.7
16 equals 68.0
17 equals 70.2
18 equals 72.5
19 equals 74.7
20 equals 77.0
21 equals 79.2
22 equals 81.5
23 equals 83.7
24 equals 86.0
25 equals 88.2
26 equals 90.5
27 equals 92.7
28 equals 95.0
29 equals 97.2
30 equals 99.5
50 equals 144.5
100 equals 257.0
SPEED.
Time
1 mile. Mile*
Min.Sec. per hour
1:46 33.96
MULTIPLICATION AND DIVISION TABLE
1 23466789 10
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
3 6 9 12 15 18 21
4 8 12 16 20 24 28
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
6 12 18 24 30 36 42
7 14 21 28 35 42 49
8 16 24 32 40 48 56
9 18 27 36 45 54 63
10 20 30 40 60 60 70
11 22 33 44 55 66 77
12 24 36 48 60 72 84
13 26 39 52 65 78 91
14 28 42 56 70 84 98
15 30 45 60 75 90 105
16 32 48 64 80 96 112
17 34 51 68 85 102 119
18 36 54 72 90 108 126
19 38 57 76 95 114 133
20 40 60 80 100 120 140
21 42 63 84 105 126 147
22 44 66 88 110 132 154
23 46 69 92 115 138 161
24 48 72 96 120 144 168
25 50 75 100 125 150 175
26 52 78 104 130 156 182
27 54 81 108 135 162 189
28 56 84 112 140 168 196
29 58 87 116 145 174 203
30 60 90 120 150 180 210
31 62 93 124 155 186 217
32 64 96 128 160 192 224
33 66 99 132 165 198 231
34 68 102 136 170 204 238
35 70 105 140 175 210 245
36 72 108 144 180 216 252
37 74 111 148 185 222 259
38 76 114 152 190 228 266
39 78 117 156 195 234 273
40 80 120 160 200 240 280
41 82 123 164 205' 246 287
42 84 126 168 210 252 294
43 86 129 172 215 258 301
44 88 132 176 220 264 308
45 90 135 180 225 270 315
46 92 138 184 230 276 322
47 94 141 188 235 282 329
48 96 144 192 240 288 336
49 98 147 196 245 294 343
50 100 150 200 250 300 350
16 18 20
24 27 30
32 36 40
40 45 50
48 54 60
66 63 70
64 72 80
72 81 90
80 90 100
88 99 110
96 108 120
104 117 130
112 126 140
120 135 150
128 144 160
136 153 170
144 162 180
152 171 190
160 180 200
168 189 210
176 198 220
184 207 230
192 216 240
200 225 250
208 234 260
216 243 270
224 252 280
232 261 290
240 270 300
248 279 310
256 288 320
264 297 330
272 306 340
280 315 350
288 324 360
296 333 370
304 342 380
312 351 390
320 360 400
328 369 410
336 378 420
344 387 430
352 396 440
360 405 450
368 414 460
376 423 470
384 432 480
392 441 490
400 450 500
1:47 33.64
1:48 33.33
1:49 33.03
1:50 32.73
1:51 32.43
1:52 32.14
1:53 31.86
1:54 31.58
1:55 31.30
1:56 31.03
1:57 30.77
1:58 30.51
1:59 30.25
2:00 30.00
0:47 76.59
0:48 75.00
0:49 73.47
0:50... . 72 00
0-51 70 59
2:01 29.75
2:02 29.52
2:03 29.27
2:04 29.03
2:05 28.80
2:06 28.57
2:07 28.34
2-08 28.12
0:52 69.23
0'53 . . 67 92
0:54 66.66
0:55 65.45
0:56 64.29
0'57 63 16
0:58 62 07
0:59 61.02
1:00 60.00
1:01 59 02
:34 38.29
:35 37.89
:36 37.50
2-09 27.91
2:10 27.69
2-11 27.48
02 58 06
;37 37.11
2:12 27.27
2-13 27 09
03 57 14
38 36 73
:04 56.25
:05 55.38
:39 36.36
:40 36.00
:41 35.64
:42 35.29
:43 34.95
1:44 34.61
1:45 34.29
2:14 26.87
2:15 26.67
2:16 26.47
2:17 26.28
2:18 26.06
2:19 25.90
2:20 25.72
:06 54.55
:07 53.73
:08 52.94
:09 52-. 17
:10 51.43
WEDDING ANNIVERSARIES.
First Cotton. Fifteenth Crystal.
Second Paper. Twentieth China.
Third Leather. Twenty-fifth Silver.
Fifth Wooden. Thirtieth Pearl.
Seventh Woolen. Fortieth Ruby.
Tenth Tin. Fiftieth Golden.
Twelfth Silk and fine Seventy-fifth Diamond
linen.
40
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOB 1917.
TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS OF THE UNITED STATES.
[From reports of federal census bureau.]
The figures are for the year ending Dec. 31,
1912, and cover commercial operating companies
only.
LAND TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS.
Number of companies or svstems 22
Miles of pole line .' *247,528
Miles of single wire owned and leased tl,814,196
Number of messages $103,536,418
Number of telegraph offices 30,781
Income, total $56,293,469
Telegraph traffic $52.337,211
All other sources $3,956,258
Net income for the year $3,431,044
Expenses, total $52,862,425
General operation and maintenance.. $39,067,011
Interest and taxes $2,740,827
All other expenses $11,054,587
Assets, total $191,516,700
Construction and equipment $143,910.631
Stocks and bonds $17.122,592
Cash and current assets $29.672.528
Profit and loss deficit $810.949
Liabilities, total $191,516.700
Capital stock $104.274.435
Funded debt $34.741.000
Reserves $5,254.329
Accounts payable $12,175,438
Dividends, taxes and interest $1.460,733
Sundries $23.447.146
Profit and loss surplus $10,163.619
Net surplus $9,352,670
Capitalization Stock outstanding, par
value $104,274.435
Dividends on stock $3.139.861
Funded debt $34,741.000
Average number employes 35,639
Salaries and wages $23,797,980
*Exclusive of pole line who!ly used by rail-
roads. tDoes not include 22,816 nautical miles of
ocean cable operated by one land telegraph com-
pany. Exclusive also of 314,329 miles of wire
wholly owned and operated by railway com-
panies for their own business. tDoes not include
land messages sent over its 207 miles of leased
land wire by a wireless company, nor ocean cable
messages. Exclusive of ocean cable messages.
WIRELESS TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS.
Number of companies or systems 4
Number of messages... *285.091
Number of tower stations 74
Income, total $669.158
Net income $4.738
Expenses, total $664,420
General operations and maintenance.. $588,712
Interest and taxes $7.826
All other expenses $67,882
Assets, total $10,377.197
Construction and equipment $1,205,770
Cash and current assets $9,171,427
Liabilities, total $10.377.197
Capital stock $9,602,570
Floating debt and mortgages $18.483
Accounts payable $583,160
Profit and loss surplus $172,984
Capitalization Stock outstanding, par
value $9,602,570
Average number employes 958
Salaries and wages $393,606
Includes 5,013 laud messages sent over a leased
land wire by a wireless company doing land
telegraph business also.
OCEAN CABLE SYSTEMS (U. S.).
Number of companies or systems*
Nautical miles of ocean cable* 67,676
Number of messages* 15,841,280
Income, total $8.469.374
Telegraph traffic $8,065,798
All other sources $403.576
Net income $2,952,847
Expenses, total $5.516,527
General operation $4.008.218
Interest and taxes $1.214.554
All other expenses $293.755
Assets, total $107,583,155
Construction and equipment $78.136.115
Stocks and bonds, treasury stock, etc. $16,811,087
Cash and current assets $12,635.953
Liabilities, total $107.583.155
Capital stock $55.489.400
Funded debt and reserves $43.549.451
Accounts payable $1,459,797
Dividends due and sundries $587,229
Profit and loss surplus $6.497.278
Capitalization Stock outstanding, par
value $55.489.400
Dividends on stock $3.040,200
Average number employes 1,656
Salaries and wages $1,167,014
*Includes returns for Western Union Telegraph
company, but no segregation could be made of
financial statistics or employes for the cable
business of this company. tNumber for one com-
pany estimated by company reporting.
UNITED STATES TELEGRAPH STATISTICS (WESTERN UNION).
YEAB.
Miles of
wires.
Offices.
Messages.
Receipts.
Expenses.
Profits.
*Toll.
Cents.
*Cost.
Cents.
1900
t!53
22900
63167783
$24 758 570
$18 593 206
$6165364
30 8
25.1
1001
766
23238
65657 049
26 354 151
19668903
6685248
30 9
25.1
1902
984
t567
69 374 883
28 073 095
20780766
7 292,329
31.0
25.7
1903
1 089212
120
69 790 866
29 167 687
20 953 215
8 214 472
31 4
25 6
1904
1 155 405
23 458
67*903973
29 249 390
21 361 915
7*887 475
31 7
26 1
1905
1 184 557
23 814
67 477 320
29*033 635
21 '845*570
7 188065
31 6
27.3
1906
1 256 147
24 323
71 487 082
30675655
23*605 072
7070583
31 6
27 6
1907
1 821 199
24760
74 804551
32856406
26 532 196
6 324 210
33.7
30.2
1908
1 359,430
23853
62 371 287
28 582 212
25 179 215
3 402997
33.7
34.3
1909 ..
1,382,500
24 321
68053439
30 541 073
t 193 966
7,347,107
34.1
28 5
1910 ...
1,429,049
24825
75135,405
33889.202
614,302
7,274.900
35.2
30.2
1915
1.553.593
25.142
52.475.721
972.511
11,503,180
*Average per message.
HIGHEST AND LOWEST CONTINENTAL ALTITUDES,
In order to compare the elevations in the I ures, showing feet above and below sea level,
United States with those in foreign countries must be considered as approximate only:
the following list is given, but many of the fig- I
Above sea Below sea
Continent. Highest point. level (ft.). Lowest point. level (ft.).
North America... Mount McKinley, Alaska 20,300.. Death Valley, California 276
South America ... Mount Aconcagua, Chile-Argentina.. 23, 080.. Sea level
Europe Mont Blanc, France 15,782.. Caspian sea, Russia 86
Asia Mount Everest, India-China 29,002.. Dead sea, Palestine 1,290
Africa Kibo Peak, German East Africa.... 19, 320.. Desert of Sahara 150
Australia Mount Kosciusko, New South Wales 7,328.. Lake Torrens, South Australia... 25
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
47
UNITED STATES TELEPHONE STATISTICS.
[Government census report 1 *
Miles
Year. wire.Telephones. Messages.*
Bell system... 1912 15,133,186 5.087.027 9.133.226.836
1907 8,9*7,266 3.132,063 6.401,044.799
1902 3,387.924 1.317.178 3,074.530,060
Other systems.1912 5,115,140 3,642.565 4,602.431,409
1907 4.052.098 2,986,515 3.999.3S9.159
1902 1.512.527 1,053.866 1,996.024.493
U't'd States. 1912 20,248.326 8.729,592 t!3.735, 658.245
1907 12.999.364 6.118.578 tlO.400.433,958
1902 4,900,451 2,371.044 5,070.554.553
*The number of messages reported by the Bell
telephone system includes only completed calls,
while the figures for all other companies may
Include some original calls not necessarily com-
pleted: such as calls that the operator reports
as "Line busy" or "Does not answer." tEx-
clusive of companies with an annual income of
less than $5.000.
MAIL, TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE.
The following figures compare the telephone
traffic with messages sent by mail or by tele-
graph in Europe and the United States in 1912.
By mail is meant pieces of first class matter and
by telephone the number of conversations:
, Europe. N , United States. N
Message. Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
Mail 17,775,000,000 71.210,212.000,000 39.4
Telegrams .... 388.000,000 1.5 113.000.000 .4
Telephone 6,809.000,000 27.3 15,600.000.000 60.2
Total
.24,972,000.000 100.0 25,925.000.000 100.0
BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM STATISTICS.
[From annual report for years ending Dec. 31.
1914 and 1915.]
1914. 1915.
Total miles pole lines 326,168 330,602
Miles underground wire 9,760,165 10,536,837
Miles submarine wire 35,809 36,314
Miles aerial wire 7,679,620 7,932,394
Total miles wire 17,475,594 18,505,545
Total exchange circuits 2,972,901
Number central offices 5,289
Number Bell stations 5,763,008
3,174,271
5,300
6,155,900
1914.
Number connected stations.... 2,885,985
Total stations 8,648,993
Employes 142,527
1915.
2,995,321
9,151,221
156,294
Exchange connections daily. ..27, 049^225 25183!?
Toll connections daily 798,949
COMBINED BALANCE SHEETS.
1907.
Contracts and licenses. $9,078,000
Telephone plant 502,987,900
Supplies, tools, etc 17,165,200
Receivables 29,584,500
Cash 24,869,600
Stocks and bonds 29,448,300
Total assets 613,133,500
Liabilities Capital stock. $291,095,400
Funded debts 196,113,700
Bills payable 45,175,700
Accounts payable 19,436,600
1915.
$880,068,520
15,951,582
43,518.625
45,716,330
72,652,646
1,057,907,703
Total 551,821,400
Employes' benefit fund
Surplus and reserves... 61,312,100
Total assets 613,133,500 1,057,907,703
EEVEXrES AND EXPENSES.
1907. 1915.
Gross revenue $128, 579, 800 $239, 909, 649
Expenses Operation 45,894,900 84,550,665
Current maintenance ) ,. ..,,. ... ( 31,171,272
Depreciation <J6,6-6,700 ( 4 4 i888> 7 2
Taxes 4,873,400 13,117,253
Total expenses 87,395,000 173,727,892
Net revenue , 41,184,800
Deduct interest 10,508, 500
Balance net income
Deduct dividends paid
18,151,700
66,181,757
18,095,643
48,086,114
32,897,065
Balance for surplus 12,524.600 15,189,049
GREAT AMERICAN INVENTIONS IN LAST FIFTY YEARS.
[Compiled by Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the interior.]
Invention, inventor and date.
Telephone Bell, 1876.
Typewriter Sholes. 1878.
Cash register Patterson, 1883.
Incandescent lamp Edison, 1880.
Talking machine Edison, 1878.
Electric furnace reduction Cowles. 1885.
Electrolytic alkali production Castner, 1890.
Transparent photograph film Eastman, 1888.
Motion picture machine Edison, 1893.
Buttonhole sewing machine Reece, 1881.
Carborundum Acheson, 1891.
Calcium Carbide Willson, 1888.
Artificial graphite Acheson, 1896.
Split phase induction motor Tesla, 1887.
Air brake Westinghouse, 1869.
Electric welding Thomson, 1S89.
Type bar casting Mergenthaler, 1885.
Chainstitch shoe sewing machine French &
Meyers, 1881.
Single type composing machine Lanston, 18S7.
Continuous process match machine Beecher, 1888.
Chrome tanning Schulz, 1884.
Disk plows (modern type) Hardy, 1896.
Welt machine Goodyear, 1871.
Electric lamp Brush, 1879.
Recording adding machine Burroughs 1888.
Celluloid Hyatt, 1870.
Automatic knot tying harvester machine Apple-
by, 1880.
Water gas Lowe, 1875.
Machine for making barbed wire Glidden, 1875.
Rotary converter Bradley, 1877.
Automatic car coupler Janney, 1873.
High speed steel Taylor & White, 1901.
Dry air process for blast furnace Gayley, 1894.
Block signals for railways Robinson, 1872.
Trolley car Van Depoele & Sprague, 1884-1887.
Harveyized armor plate Harvey, 1891.
Aeroplane Wright brothers, 1903-1908.
IMPORTANT FOREIGN INVENTIONS.
Electric steel Heroult, France, 1900.
Dynamite Nobel, Sweden, 1867.
Artificial alizarene (dye) Grabe and Lieberman,
Germany, 1869.
Siphon recorder Thompson, England, 1874.
Gas engine, Otto cycle Otto, Germany, 1877.
Wireless telegraphy Marconi, Italy, 1900.
Smokeless powder Vielle, France, 1886.
Diesel oil motor Diesel, Germany, 1900.
Centrifugal creamer De Laval, Sweden, 1880.
Manganese steel Hadfield, England, 1884.
Electric transformer Gaulard and Gibbs, Eng-
land. 1883.
Cyanide process for extracting metal Arthur
and De Forrest. 1888.
Mantle burner Welsbach. Austria, 1890.
By-product coke oven Hoffman, Austria, 1893.
X-rays Roentgen, Germany, 1896.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR
SHIPPING MEASURE.
One register ton=lOO cubic feet.
One United States shipping ton=40 cubic feet or
32.14 United States bushels or 31.16 imperial
bushels.
SHIPPING DATA,
[Compiled by Charles H. Hughes.]
From the table, average American coal stows
43 cubic feet per ton of 2,240 pounds, so
jLeoooo^igg tons the number she would carry.
NOTE The following table is based on a ton
of 2,240 pounds. If the cubic feet per ton of
One British shipping tc
imperial bushels or 33.
MARINER'S
6 feet=l fathom.
120 fathoms=l cable len
5,280 feet=l statute or
6,080 feet=l knot or na
3 knots=l league.
CIRCULAR
60 seconds=l minute.
60 minutes=l degree.
90 degrees=l quadrant.
4 quadrants or 360 degr
SHIPPING
16 ounces=l pound.
112 pound*=One hundre
20 hundredweight or 2,2-
WEIGHTS OF MATER
CUBIC
Material. Weight.
Metals-
Wrought iron 480
Cast iron 451
n=42 cubic feet or 32.72
75 United States bushels.
MEASURE.
gth.
land mile,
utical mile.
MEASURE.
ees=l circumference.
WEIGHT
dweight.
10 pounds=l ton.
IALS IN POUNDS PER
FOOT.
Material. Weight.
Juniper 35
2,000 pounds is require
given by .892:
Cub. ft.
Material. per ton.
Apples in boxes 90
Asphplt 17
d, multiply the figures
*Cub. ft.
Material. per ton.
Maize in bags 50
Bulk ... 49
Ballast, sand 19
Barley in bulk 47
Bags 59
Marble 14
Meat Beef, packed
and frozen 93
Hung in quarters 125
Mutton . 110
Beans in bags 68
Beer in hogsheads. 54
Bottles and cases 80
Bran in bags 110
Millet in bags . . 50
Molasses in bulk... 25
Oats in bags 78
Bulk 60
Compressed, bales 80
Brandy in casks 80
Bottled in cases.. 55
Buckwheat in bags 65
Butter in cases or
Oatmeal in sacks... 65
Oil Lubricating, in
casks 6ft
Oranges in boxes... 90"
Paper in rolls..".... 120
Peas in bags . 50
Cement in casks... 46
Coal (American, av-
erage) . 43
Potatoes in bags... 55
Barrels 68
Coffee in bags 61
Rice in bags 48
Cotton, pressed, in
bales 130
Sago 55
Linden 37
Salt in barrels .... 52
Cast steel 490
Nickel steel 491
Locust 46
Mahogany 51
Iced 60
Sugar in casks 60
Brass 520
Manganese bronze 535
Copper 550
Aluminum 160
Lead .. . . 710
Maple 42
Oak (live) 69
Oak (white) 48
Poplar 30
Spruce . 28
Flour in barrels 60
Bags 47
Fuel oil 39
Granite 14
Tar in barrels 54
Tea in chests 100
Ties, railroad 50
Water, fresh 36
Gold (pure) 1,200
Magnesium 109
Mercury 846
Nickel 548
Sycamore 37
Teak 51
White Pine 35
Yellow Pine 38
Gravel 23
Hay, compressed... 110
Hams in barrels 70
Hemp, American,
in bales 105
Herrings, in barrels 60
Hides in bales 120
Salt 35
Wheat in bags 52
Bulk 47
Woods Sawn into
planks
Ash 39
Beech 51
Platinum 1,347
Silver 655
Tin . ..458
Walnut 36
Willow 34
Miscellaneous
Zinc 436
Woods Apple 47
Ash 45
Common brick 113
Cement 78
Cellulose 7.5
Ice 39
Iron, pig 10
Corrugated sheets 36
Kegs of nails.... 20
Jute, bale 58
Elm 60
Fir 65
Mahogany 34
Oak 39
Beech 46
Birch 41
Concrete 130
Granite 170
Wool in bales 100
*Ton of 2,240 pounds.
[TIONS.
lount of water displaced
is floating in equilibrium
it of the water she dis-
it of the vessel herself
i.
bic feet when floating in
5 (36 if in fresh water)
f a ship and her cargo
of salt water weighs one
of fresh water the same
steel vessel is calculated
is, to the outside of the
e is made as a rule for
sll plating. For wooden
s, lighters, etc.) the dis-
to the outside of the
rying capacity of a ves-
3 of cargo and coal,
ent is the measurement
pounds occupying 100,
measurement in register
icity of the entire ship,
surement in register tons
nade, and is the volume
>r cargo and passengers,
ratio of the volume of
rolume of a block having
and draft as the vessel.
>ck coefficients ranging
fast passenger steamers
about .65.
Box 70
Cedar 39
Gypsum 140
Pipes, diff't sizes 12
DEFIN
Displacement is the an
by a vessel. If a vessel
in still water, the weigl
places equals the weigt
with everything on boar
The displacement in cu
salt water divided by 3
gives the total weight o
in tons, as 35 cubic feet
ton (2,240 pounds) and 36
amount.
The displacement of a
to the molded lines (that
frames) and no allowanc
the thickness of the sh
vessels (motor boats, tug
placement is calculated
planking.
Dead weight is the cai
sel and includes the ton
Register ton measurem
based on a ton of 2,24
cubic feet.
Gross tonnage is the
tons of the interior caps
Net tonnage is the mea
upon which payment is i
of the space available f<
Block coefficient is the
the displacement to the ^
the same length, breadth
Cargo vessels have bl<
from .75 to .85. while
have block coefficients o
Cherry 41
Marble 170
Chestnut 35
Sand 110
Cork 15
Cypress 33
Sandstone . 145
Stone . . 180
Dogwood 47
Soapstone 170
Ebony 76
Soft coal 55
Elm 38
Hard coal 60
Fir 37
Ice . . 56
Hackmatack 37
Hemlock 24
Fresh water 62.5
Salt water 64
Hickory .... 48
Crude oil average 63.5
US WEIGHTS.
Material and unit. Lbs.
Oats 32
Holly . . 47
MISCELLANEO
Material and unit. Lbs.
One keg nails 100
One barrel flour. . . 196
Pork or beef 200
Salt 280
Potatoes 60
Rye . . 56
Timothy seed.... 45
Wheat 60
One gallon mo-
lasses 12
One bushel oysters 80
Clams 100
Barley ... 48
Beans 60
Seven bags of
sugar 2 240
Buckwheat 48
Castor beans 50
Clover seed 60
Corn (shelled).... 56
Corn (on cob)... 70
Malt 34
Eleven bags of
potatoes .... 2 240
One bag of flour... 140
One gallon of crude
oil . . 8%
JUIRED FOR DIFFER-
CERIALS.
las a capacity of 180,000
coal. How many tons
STORAGE SPACE REC
ENT MA'
Example A steamer I
cubic feet for carrying
will she carry?
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 19 J 7.
If the length, width and draft of a vessel are
multiplied by the block coefficient and tals pro..
uct divided by the weight of water per ton (36
cubic feet for fresh and 35 for salt water per ton
ol 2,240 pounds) the displacement of the vessel
will be obtained.
SHIPPING TERMS.
f. o. b. steamer (free on board steamer); goods
to be delivered on board steamer by seller at no
extra charge to purchaser.
f. a. s. steamer (free at side steamer); goods
to be delivered at side of steamer by seller.
f. f. a. steamer (free from alongside steamer);
the seller pays lighterage charges in the port of
destination from the steamer.
c. i. f. (cost, insurance and freight); the goods
are delivered to the purchaser with the insur-
ance and freight paid by the seller.
c. f. (cost and freight); the goods are deliv-
ered to the purchaser with the freight paid by
the seller, but no insurance.
f. o. (free over side); the goods are delivered
over the side of a vessel; that is, to a lighter or
on to a pier, without any extra charge to the
purchaser.
Bill of lading (b. 1.) is a receipt for goods de-
livered to a carrier for transportation. The bills
of lading of some steamship companies contain
the following clause: "Freight is to be consid-
ered earned at time of receipt of shipment and is
to be paid whether vessel or goods are lost or
not." In foreign trade bills of lading are gen-
erally made out in triplicate, one for the shipper,
one for the consignee and one for the captain of
the vessel.
"With exchange" on a draft means that the
party on whom the draft is drawn is to pay the
cost of collection.
Demurrage A charge for delay in loading or
unloading a vessel.
Lay days are the days agreed upon by the
shipper and captain or agent of a vessel for
loading and discharging a cargo, beyond which a
demurrage will be paid to the owners of the ves-
sel. Sundays and legal holidays do not count un-
less the term "running days" is inserted, in
which case all days are included.
Manifest A document signed by the captain- of
a vessel containing a list of the goods and mer-
chandise on board with their destination, for the
use of the custom nouse officials. Bv United
States Revised Statutes 2807 it is required to
contain the names of the ports of loading and
destination, a description of the vessel and her
port, names of owners and master, names of con-
signees and of passengers and lists of the pas-
senger's baggage and of the sea stores.
Clearance papers When ready for sea the cus-
tom officials must be provided with a detail
manifest of the ship's cargo. If the port charges
have been paid and her cargo is properly account-
ed for, then the collector of the port will fur-
nish the captaia with clearance papers, without
which the vessel must not leave port.
Drawbip.'c A refund of duties paid on imported
material that is used in the manufacture of goods
that are exported. The United States govern-
ment allows the exporter the import duty paid,
less 1 p-3r cent.
Salvage The reward granted by law for saving
life and property at sea.
Jettison The throwing overboard of a part of
(he cargo or any article on board of a ship for
the purpose of lightening the ship in case of
necessity.
Bill of health A certificate stating that the
vessel comes from a port where no contagious
disease prevails, and that none of the passengers
(if carried) nor the crew at the time of depar-
ture was infected with any disease.
MARINE INSURANCE.
A contract of marine insurance is a contract of
indemnity whereby the insurer undertakes to
indemnify the insured in the manner and to the
extent agreed against marine losses; i. e., the
losses incident to marine adventure.
Unless specially mentioned in the policy, goods
are not insured until they are on board of the
vessel which is to carry them. Below are brief
outlines of clauses and terms occurring in poli-
cies.
General average Suppose a vessel springs a leak
and to save her from sinking the captain throws
overboard a portion of her cargo. The last ship-
ment loaded on board is generally the first to
come out.
If the shipment is fjilly insured the underwrit-
ers will pay the amount assessed against the
goods, but whether the goods are insured or not
the general average will make good to the owner
the value of the goods which were jettisoned less
the assessment which the owner is called upon
to pay. It is safe to figure that all policies of
insurance on goods cover and protect the mer-
chant against assessments in general average.
Thus a merchant can suffer considerable loss
by reason of assessment levied against his goods
in general average, although the goods arrive at
their destination in a perfectly sound condition
but such losses can be fully covered by insurance.
Free of particular average (f. p. a.) Under
American e-ontlitions it is understood that no
claim for partial loss or damage will be allowed
by the underwriters unless the loss or damage is
caused by the vessel's having been burned,
stranded, sunk or in collision.
With average (w. a.) This means that no
claim will be made on the underwriters for par-
tial loss oaused by sea perils unless the damage
amounts to 5 per cent or more of the value of
the shipment.
Free of all average (f. a. a.) This, as the
clause signifies, means free of all average.
Collision or ruling or running down clause (r.
d. c.) This is a clause in which the underwrit-
ers take a burden of a proportion, usually three-
quarters, of the damage inflicted on other vessels
by collision for which the insured vessel is held
to blame. Sometimes this clause is extended to
cover the whole of the assured's liabilities aris-
ing out of the damage done to property by the
collision of the insured vessel with another and
the clause is then known as the "four-fourths
running down clause."
Incharmee clause This clause covers loss of
or damage to hull and machinery through the
negligence of master, mariners, engineers and pi-
lots, or through explosions, bursting of boilers,
breakage of shafts or through any latent defect
in the machinery or hull, provided such loss or
damage has not resulted from want of due dili-
gence by the owners of the ship or by the man-
ager.
FATAL THEATER FIRES
Theater or hall and date. Lives lost.
Banquet theater, Oporto. March 21, 1888 200
Earnsley, England (hall), Jan. 11. 1908 16
Barraque theater, Belgium, Dec. 22, 1912 12
Bologoe, Russia, March 6, 1911 120
Cauonsburg, Pa., opera house, Aug. 26, 1911... 26
Carlsruhe theater, St. Petersburg, 1847 200
Central theater, Philadelphia, April 28, 1892... 6
Conway's theater, Brooklyn. Dec. 5, 1876 295
Exeter theater. England, Sept. 5, 1887 200
Flores theater, Acapulco, Mex., Feb. 14, 1909.. 250
Front Street theater, Baltimore. Dec. 8, 1895.. 23
AND PANICS SINCE 1811.
Theater or hall and date. Lives lost.
Houston Street theater, New York, N. Y.,
Feb. 2, 1913 2
Iroquois, Chicago, Dec. 30, 1903 575
Italian hall. Calumet, Mich.. Dec. 24, 1913.... 72
Lehman's theater, Petrograd, 1836 700
Opera Comique. Paris, May 25, 1887 75
Rhode'sopera house, Boyertown, Pa., Jan. 13. 1908. 170
Richmond (Va.) theater, Lec. 26, 1811 70
Ring theater, Vienna, Dec. 8, 1881 640
Surabaya theater, Java, Jan. 26, 1914 75
Vervins, France. March 9, 1913 10
Villareal theater, Spain, May 27, 1912 80
50
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
MERCHANT MARINE OF THE UNITED STATES.
[From the reports of the bureau of navigation.]
YEAR.
Ix FOREIGN
TKADE.
IN COASTWISE
TRADE.
WHALE
FISHERIES
Cod and
Mackerel
Fish-
eries.
Total.
Annual
inc. (+)
or
dec.( )
Steam.
Total.
Steam.
Total.
Steam.
Total.
Tons.
97.296
192,544
146,604
192,705
337.356
538.468
582,186
616.053
667.896
720.609
1,346.164
Tons.
2,379,396
1.448.846
1,314,402
928.062
816,795
782,517
863,495
923,225
1,019.165
1,066,288
1,862.714
Tons.
770,641
882,551
1.064.954
1,661.458
2,289,825
4.330,8!*;
4,505.567
4,543,276
4.646,741
4,688,240
4,578.567
Tons.
2.644.867
2,638.247
2,637,686
3.409.435
4.286.516
6.668,966
6,720.313
6,737,046
6.817.013
6,818,863
6,486,384
Tons.
'"4.925
3.986
3,509
3.544
3.653
3,252
4.265
3,682
Tons.
166.841
67,954
38,408
18,633
9.899
9,308
9,176
8,876
8.611
9,864
8,829
Tons.
162,764
91.460
77,538
68,367
51.629
47.291
45,806
45,036
15,573
26,700
15,39?
Tons.
5.368,868
4.246.507
4.068,034
4,424,497
5.164.839
7.508,082
7.638,790
7.714,183
7,886,551
7,928,688
8,389,429
P 1
cent.
-4.06
r2.4l
- 2.43
-2.71
-6.18
- 1.61
- 1.74
-0.99
- 2.23
-2.23
- 5.49
I MY)
1880
1QOfl
1900
1910
191 1
1912
1913
1914
1915
VESSELS BUILT IN THE UNITED STATES.
YEAR.
New
England
coast.
On entire
seaboard.
Mississippi
and tribu-
taries.
On great
lakes.
Total.
Sail.
Steam.
1890....
1900. . . .
No.
208
199
111
94
95
95
79
89
Tons.
78,577
72.179
23,442
23,653
23,052
27,131
21,934
18.551
No.
756
1,107
887
1.004
1,076
1,022
887
777
Tons.
169,091
249.006
167,829
190,612
136485
247.318
251,683
184.605
No.
104
215
193
202
205
234
133
144
Tons.
16,506
14.173
5,488
6,398
5,286
7,930
8,018
5.499
No.
191
125
281
216
224
219
131
147
Tons
108,526
130,611
168,751
94,157
90,898
90.907
56.049
16,467
No.
1.051
1,447
1,361
1.422
1,505
1,475
1,151
1.157
Tons.
294.123
393,790
342.068
291,162
232.669
346.155
316.250
225,122
No.
505
504
127
82
95
72
51
51
Tons.
102,873
116.460
19,358
10,092
21,221
28.610
13.749
8,021
No.
410
422
936
969
1,051
1,004
778
751
Tons.
159,045
202,528
257.993
227,231
153.493
243.408
224.225
154,990
1910
1913
1915'.;!!'.'.;;;
WORLD'S SHIPS, RAILWAYS, TELEGRAPHS AND CABLES.
[Report of the bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C.]
Development by decades of carrying power, commerce and means of communication from 1800 to 1914.
YEAR.
Popu-
lation.
COMMERCE.
VESSEL TONNAGE.
Rail-
ways.
Tele-
graphs
Cables
Total.
Per
capita.
Sail.
Steam.
Total.
Mil-
lions.
640
780
847
950
1,075
1,205
1,310
1.439
1,488
1,500
1,616
1,661
Mil-
lionsof
dollars
1,479
1,659
1,981
2,789
4,049
7,246
10,663
14,761
17,519
20,105
33,634
37,760
Dol-
lars.
2.31
2.13
2.34
2.93
3.76
6.01
8.14
10.26
11.80
13.33
20.81
22.73
Thou-
sand
tons.
4,026
6.814
7,100
9,012
11,470
14,890
12.900
14,400
12,640
8,119
4,366
3,686
Thou-
sand
tons.
Thou-
sand
tons.
4 02(5
Thou-
sand
miles.
Thou-
sand
miles.
Thou-
sand
miles.
20
111
368
864
1,710
3,040
5.880
8,295
27J88
5,834
7,211
9,380
12,334
16,600
15,940
20,280
20,935
21,975
28.298
31.074
0.2
5.4
24.0
67.4
139.9
224.9
390.0
500.0
637.0
703.5
1850
5
100
281
440
768
1.180
1.307
1,489
1^6
I"
49
132
200
291
335
1860
IKfifl
IRQO
1*400
1910
1914
MERCHANT SHIPBUILDING, 1912 TO
[From Lloyd's Register.]
1916.
Where built. No.
United kingdom .................... 712
British colonies .................... 84
Austria-Hungary ................... 12
Denmark ........................... 22
France ............................. 80
Germany ............................ 165
Italy ................................ 27
Japan ............................... 168
Netherlands ........................ 112
Norway ............................. 89
Sweden ............................. 22
United States:
Coast ............................. 144
Great Lakes ...................... . 30
Other countries ..................... 52
-1912 ,
Tons.
1,738,514
34,790
38,821
26,103
110,734
375,317
25,196
57,755
50,255
13,968
194,273
89,950
No.
688
91
17
31
152
95
74
25
Tons.
1,932,153
48,339
61,757
40,932
176,095
465,226
50,356
64,664
104,296
50,637
18,524
228,232
48,216
43,455
1914 , ,
No.
Tons.
No.
656
1,683,553
327
80
47,534
31
11
*34,335
t
25
32,815
23
33
114,052
6
89
*387,192
t
47
42,981
30
32
85,861
26
130
118,153
120
61
54,204
59
26
15,163
.27
84
162,937
76
10
37,825
8
35
*36,148
10
Total ............................. 1,719 2,901,769 1,750 3,332,882 1,319 *2,852,753 743 *1,201,638
*Returns not complete. fReturns not available. European war would last three years led to an
Late in 1915 and early in 1916 belief that the exceptional development of shipbuilding by the
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
51
maritime powers not actively engaged in war.
In the first six months of 1916 the United States
launched and put into operation 192 ships of
228,016 gross tons (each over 100 tons) more
than the entire year's output for 1914 or 1915.
On July 1, 1916, private American shipyards
were building or had on order 385 steel merchant
ships of 1,225,784 gross tons, indicating a total
output by the United States for the twelve
months of 351 steel ships of 672,106 gross tons.
DISASTERS TO SHIPPING.
On and near the coasts and on the rivers of the United States and American vessels at sea and
on the coasts of foreign countries.
YEAR.
Wrecks*
Lives
lost.
Loss on
vessels.
Loss on
cargoes.
YEAR.
Wrecks*
Lives
lost.
Loss on
vessels.
Loss on
cargoes.
1895....
1,496
704
$7,530,540
$1,944,810
1906....
1,326
499
$10.089,610
$2,245,305
1896
1 392
3li9
6 485 595
2018.140
1907
1 670
624
13 709 915
3062 110
1897
1 206
299
6 442 175
1,731,766
1908
1 341
374
9555825
2 152,155
1898.
1 191
743
10 728 250
1,740,515
1909
1 317
403
9491 635
3 330,825
1899..
1,574
742
8,932.835
2,451,905
1910....
1493
403
11 058,840
2,565,580
im.:.: ::
1,234
252
7,186.990
3.350,500
1911 . . .
1,227
262
9.565,995
1,694,630
1901....
1.313
452
7.094.345
2,147,675
1912....
1,447
195
8,213,375
1,941,010
1902...
1,359
531
8,S2;>.920
2,309,335
1913
1,265
283
8,338,935
1,549,285
1903
1 704
3 7 6
7 Oil 775
1 722 210
1914
1 210
421
11 437 3oO
2 509 405
1904
1 182
1454
; e;28 556
1 634 615
1915
1088
277
10 199560
4013083
iS.::::::
1.209
267
8,187.500
2,263,795
*Total or part
al.
PRINCIPAL SEAPORTS OF THE WORLD.
[From statistical abstract of the United States.]
NET VESSEL TONNAGE IN FOREIGN TRADE.
Port. Year. Entered. Cleared.
Adelaide, Australia 1913 608,000 379,000
Aden Arabia 1914 3 925 000 3 919 000
Port. Year. Entered. Cleared.
Liverpool, England 1914 11,959,000 10,813,000
London England 1914 13,006,000 10,453,000
Alexandria Egypt 1913 2 641 000 1 856 000
Marseilles France 1312 8 382 000 S 492 000
Antwerp, Belgium 1912 13,*757,'oOO 13*722*000
Baltimore Aid 1915 2 043 000 2 163 000
Melbourne, Australia 1913 718,000 244,000
Moji Japan . . 1914 5 084 000 5 006 000
Barcelona,' Spain 1913 2,641,000 1,856,000
Montevideo, Uruguay 1912 8,598,000 8,593,000
Montreal, Canada .1915 2,000,000 2,031,000
Nagasaki, Japan 1914 2 705 000 2 717 000
Bilbao, Spain 1913 2,015,000 1,940,000
Bombay, India 1913 2,174,000 1,695,000
Bordeaux, France 1912 2,118,000 2,258,000
Boston Mass 1915 2 464 000 1 660 000
Naples Italy .... 1914 5 120 000 5 033 0(K)
New Orleans, La 1915 3064000 3093000
Boulogne, France 1912 2,940,000 2,938,000
Bremen, Germany 1113 1,511,000 1,506,000
Bremerhaven, Germanr-.1913 2,038,000 1,945,000
Buenos Aires, Argentina. 1912 7,962,000 6,285,000
Calcutta, India 1913 2,003,000 1,997,000
Cape Town, U. of S. A.. 1313 2,542,000 2,226,000
Cardiff Wales 1914 7 285 000 8 933 000
New York, N. Y 1915 12,579,000 12,162,000
Odessa, Russia 1913 1570000 1471000
Petrograd, Russia 1913 2,441000 2500000
Philadelphia, Pa 1915 1,909,000 1,756,000
Piraeus, Greece 1914 4 067 000 4 055 000
Port Natal, U. of S. A.. 1913 2,693,000 2,725,000
Puget Sound Wash 1915 2 921 000 3 046 000
Cherbourg, France 1912 4,139,000 4,140,000
Colombo, Ceylon 1913 7,714,000 7,658,000
Constantinople, Turkey.. 1913 14,319,000
Copenhagen, Denmark.. ..1912 3,441,000 3,484.000
Cork Ireland 1914 3 120 000 2,954,000
Riga, Russia 1913 1670000 l'702*000
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil... 1914 6,420,000 6,426,000
Rotterdam, Holland 1913 12,308,000 12,261,900
Sun Francisco, Cal 1915 1,228,000 1,359,000
Santos, Brazil ... 1914 4341000 4353000
Dunquerque, France 1912 1,979,000 2,001,000
Fiume, Austria-Hungary. 1912 2,125,000 2,144,000
Fren:antle, Australia 1913 934,000 844,000
Galveston Tex 1915 1 562 000 1,958,000
Shanghai, China 1914 9 398 000 9 553 000
Singapore, Straits Sets.. 1913 8,636,000 8,618,000
Southampton, England. ..1914 4,652,000 4,655,000
Sydney Australia 1913 1 093 000 1 073 000
Genoa, Italy 1014 5,336,000 5,119,000
Gibraltar 1913 6 315 000 6,161,000
Tampico, Mexico 1912 1,521,000 l,'516,'oOO
Trieste, Austria-Hiingnrvl913 3.466,000 3,460,000
Tyne Ports, England 1914 5,999,000 7,242,000
\ alencia Soain 1913 1 705 000 1 5^3 oOO
Glasgow Scotland 1914 3,012,000 3,987,000
Hamburg, Germany 1913 12,997,000 13,192,000
Havana, Cuba 1914 3,378,000 3,375,000
ValetCa, Malta 1914 S^e'oOO s'^'OQO
Vancouver, Canada 1^15 1 892 000 1 700 000
Havre France 1912 4 444 000 4,584,000
Hongkong-Victoria 1913 11,484,000 11,455,000
Hull, England 1912 3,964,583 3,496,000
Vera Cruz, Mexico 1912 l,*447,'oOO 1,'427*000
Victoria, Canada 1915 2,011,000 2,097,000
Vladivostok, Russia 1913 955,000 941,000
Yokohama. Janan... 1014 3 QQ9 nnn Q sn^ nnn
Kobe, Japan 1914 6,447,000 6,367,000
Lisbon Portugal 1913 10 389 000 10 470,000
CRUDE PETROLEUM PRODUC
Year. Gallons. Year. Gallons.
1900 2,661,233,568 1909 7.649.639,508
1903. . 4219376154 1910 8,801,354.016
ED IN THE UNITED STATES.
, *Barrels ,
State. 1914. 1915.
Kentucky 502 441 437 274
1904 4.916,663682 1911 9.258.874.422
1905 5.658,138,360 1912 9.328.755,156
Louisiana . 14 309*435 18 191*539
New York '938*974 '887*778
1906 5,312.745,312 1913 10,434,741,660
1907 6.976.004.070 1914 11,162,026,470
Ohio 8536*352 7825*326
1908 7,498148910 1915... . 16806372368
Pennsylvania 8'l70*335 7*838*705
Texas 20 068 184 24 942 701
PRODUCTION BY STATES IN 1914 AND 1915.
, *Barrels <.
State. ^ 1914. 1915.
West Virginia 9*680,'o33 9,*264,'798
Wyoming ... 3 560 375 4 9 45 525
Other states ' 7*792 ' 14*265
California 99,775,327 86,591,535
Colorado 2?? 773 208 475
Total 265,762^535 281,104,104
Illinois 21919*749 19 041 '695
Indiana 1335456 '875*758
Kansas . 3.103*585 2.823*487
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
UNITED STATES COAST GUARD.
ADMINISTRATION, 1916-1917.
Captain commandant Ellsworth P. Bertholf,
General superintendent Sumner I. Kimball
Chief of division of operations Oliver H. Maxan..
Assistant chief of division of operations Henry
L. Gosling.
Chief of division of material George H. Slay-
baugh.
Assistant chief of division of material Kendall
J. Minot.
Superintendent of construction and repair Senior
Captain Howard Emery.
Engineer in chief Charles A. McAllister.
Inspector Senior Captain Daniel P. Foley.
OPERATIONS IN 1915.*
Lives saved 1,507
Persons on board vessels assisted 10,952
Persons in distress cared for
Vessels boarded and papers examined 24,817
Vessels seized or reported for viola-
tion of law 772
Fines and penalties incurred by ves-
sels reported $220,500
Regnttas and marine parades patrolled
Derelicts removed or destroyed
Vessels to which assistance was given 1,504
Value of vessels assisted $10,927,730.00
Value of derelicts recovered 161,000.00
Appropriation for 1915 5,089,241.61
Expended for maintenance and repairs 5,027,752.71
*Fiscal year ended June 30.
FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES.
Under an act of congress approved Jan. 28,
1915, it was provided that in lieu of the then
existing revenue cutter service and life saving
service there should be established an organiza-
tion to be known as the coast guard which was
to constitute a part of the military forces of
the United States, operating under the secretary
of the navy in time of war and under the treas-
ury department in time of peace. The revenue
cutter service had existed since 1790, while the
life saving service had its beginning in 1848,
although it was not made into a separate es-
tablishment until June 18, 1878. The consolida-
tion of the two services was completed in 1915.
The coast guard being a part of the military
forces of the government, the military system of
the former revenue cutter service was utilized as
a basis for the organization of the coast guard.
The transfer of the personnel of the former life
saving service to the coast guard was accom-
plished by issuing appointments as commissioned
officers, warrant officers and petty officers to the
district superintendents, keepers and No. 1 surf-
men, respectively, and regularly enlisting the
surfmen. The total authorized complement of
warrant officers, petty officers and men is 3,886.
The pay of the commissioned personnel, except
for the grade of district superintendent, corre-
sponds with the pay and allowances of like rank
in the army. The pay of warrant officers and
enlisted men remains the same as before the
consolidation of the services. Warrant officers
are appointed by the secretary of the treasury
and hold their appointments during good be-
havior. Petty officers and other men are en-
listed for periods of one year. Warrant and
petty officers receive 10 per cent increase for
every five years of service, not to exceed 40 per
cent in all. Enlisted men receive an increase
for each three years of continuous service up to
and including fifteen years.
The authorized commissioned personnel of the
coast guard is 255, divided into the following
grades : One captain commandant, 6 senior cap-
tains, 31 captains, 37 first lieutenants, 42 second
lieutenants, 42 third lieutenants, 1 engineer in
chief, 6 captains of engineers, 28 first lieutenants
of engineers, 22 second lieutenants of engineers,
24 third lieutenants of engineers, 2 constructors
with rank of first lieutenant, 1 district super-
intendent with relative rank of captain, 3 dis-
trict superintendents with relative rank of first
lieutenant, 4 district superintendents with rela
ive rank of second lieutenant, and 5 district
superintendents with relative rank of third lieu-
:enant. A coast guard academy is maintained
n New London, Conn. June 30, 1915, there were
seven cadets of the line and six cadets engineers
it the academy. The school course extends over
hree years and embraces instruction in profes-
sional and academic subjects. Admission is by
competitive examination and candidates must be
not less than 18 nor more than 24 years of age.
Candidates for the engineer corps must be not
ess than 21 nor more than 26 years of age.
By law the officers of the revenue cutter Bery-
ce rank as follows:
Captain commandant, -with colonel in army and
captain in navy.
Senior captain and engineer in chief, with lieu-
tenant-colonel in army and commander in the
navy.
Captain and captain of engineers, with major in
army and lieutenant-commander in navy.
First lieutenant and first lieutenant of engi-
neers, with captain in army and senior lieu-
tenant in navy.
Second lieutenant and second lieutenant of engi-
neers, with first lieutenant in army and junior
lieutenant in navy.
Third lieutenant and third lieutenant of engi-
neers, with second lieutenant in army and en-
sign in navy.
DUTIES OF COAST GUARD.
In general the duties of the coast guard may
be classified as follows:
1. Rendering assistance to vessels in distress
and saving life and property.
2. Destruction or removal of wrecks, dere-
licts and other floating dangers to navigation.
3. Extending medical aid to United States
vessels engaged in deep sea fisheries.
4. Protection of the customs revenue.
5. Operating as a part of the navy in time
of war or when the president shall direct.
6. Enforcement of law and regulations govern-
ing anchorage of vessels in navigable waters.
7. Enforcement of law relative to quarantine
and neutrality.
8. Suppression of mutinies on merchant vessels.
9. Enforcement of navigation and other laws
governing merchant vessels and motor boats.
10. Enforcement of law to provide for safety
of life on navigable waters during regattas and
marine parades.
11. Protection of game and the seal and other
fisheries in Alaska, etc.
12. Enforcement of sponge fishing law.
In addition to the foregoing the services of
the coast guard include many other things, such
as warning vessels running into danger, medical
and surgical aid to the sick and injured, recovery
and burial of bodies cast up by the waters,
extinguishing fires, maintenance of public order,
acting as pilots in emergencies and furnishing
transportation to other branches of the public
service.
EQUIPMENT.
The equipment of the coast guard consists of
twenty-four cruising cutters, eighteen harbor cut-
ters and 279 coast stations. The stations are dis-
tributed as follows: First district (Maine and
New Hampshire), 15; second district (Massachu-
setts), 32; third district (Rhode Island and
Fishers island), 10; fourth district (Long
island), 30; fifth district (New Jersey), 41;
sixth district (coast between Delaware and
Chesapeake bays), 19; seventh district (Virginia
south of Chesapeake bay), 34; eighth district
(South Csirolina, Georgia and east coast of Flori-
da), 9; ninth district (coast of United States on
Gulf of Mexico), 8; tenth district (Lakes Erie and
Ontario and Louisville, Ky. ), 12; eleventh dis-
trict (Lakes Huron and Superior), 19; twelfth
district (Lake Michigan), 31; thirteenth district
(California, Oregon, Washington and Nome,
Alaska), 19.
Following are the names, dates of construction
(in parentheses), chief dimensions, tonnage, arma-
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
53
tnent, speed and headquarters of the vessels of
the coast guard:
CRUISING CUTTEBS.
Acushnet (1908) Length, 152 feet; beam. 29 feet:
draft, 13 feet 9 inches; displacement, 800 tons;
two one-pounder guns; speed, 12% knots; Woods
Hole, Mass.
Algonquin (1898) Length, 205 feet 6 inches; beam,
32 feet; draft, 13% feet; displacement, 1,181
tons; four six-pounder guns; speed, 16 knots;
San Juan. P. It.
Androscoggin (1908) Length, 210 feet; beam, 35
feet 2 inches; draft, 17% feet; displacement,
1,600 tons ; four six-pounder guns ; Portland, Me.
Apache (1891) Length. 188 feet; beam, 29 feet;
draft, 9 feet 3 inches; displacement, 700 tons;
three three-pounder guns; Baltimore, Md.
Bear (1874) Length, 198 feet; beam 28% feet;
draft. 18 feet 2 inches; displacement 1,700 tons;
speed, 8 knots; three six-pounder guns; San
Diego, Cal.
Gresham (1897) Length, 205% feet; beam, 32
feet; draft, 12% feet; displacement, 1,090 tons;
speed, 17 knots; four six-pounder guns; Bos-
ton, Mass.
Itasca (1893) Length, 189% feet; beam, 32 feet;
draft, 13 feet 10 inches; displacement, 980 tons;
speed, 14% knots; four six-pounder guns; prac-
tice ship.
McCulloch (1897) Length. 219 feet; beam, 32 feet
6 inches; draft. 15 feet 11 inches; displace-
ment, 1,400 tons; four six-pounder guns; San
Francisco, Cal.
Manning (1897) Length, 205 feet; beam, 32 feet;
draft, 13 feet 9 inches; displacement, 1.15C
tons; speed, 17 knots; four six-pounder guns;
Astoria, Ore.- .
Miami (1912) Length, 190 feet; beam, 32% feet;
draft, 14 feet 1 inch; displacement, 1,300 tons;
three six-pounder guns; speed, 12% knots; Key
West, Fla.
Mohawk (1902) Length, 205% feet; beam, 32 feet;
draft. 12 feet 7 inches; displacement, 1,150
tons; four six-pounder guns; New York, N. Y.
Morrill (1889) Length 145 feet- 3 inches; beam, 24
feet; draft. 9% feet; displacement, 420 tons;
one three-pounder gun; Detroit, Mich.
Onondaga (1898) Length, 205% feet; beam, 32
feet; draft. 13 feet 2 inches; displacement,
1,190 tons; four six-pounder guns; Norfolk, Va.
Ossipee (1915) Length, 165 feet 10 inches; beam,
32 feet ; draft, 11 feet 6 inches ; displacement,
908 tons ; four rapid-fire six-pounder guns ; speed
12% knots; Portland, Me.
Pamlico (1907) Length, 158 feet; beam, 30 feet;
draft, 5 feet 8 inches; displacement, 450 tons;
two three-pounder guns: Newbern, N. C.
St-minole (1900) Length, 188 feet; beam, 29% feet;
draft, 11 feet 8 inches; displacement, 845 tons;
nominal speed, 16% knots; four six-pounder
guns; Wilmington, N. C.
Seneca (1908) Length, 204 feet; beam, 34 feet;
draft, 17 feet 3 inches; displacement, 1,445 tons;
speed, 12% knots; four six-pounder guns; used
exclusively as a derelict destroyer; New York,
AREAS OF OCEANS
Oceans Sq. miles.
Antarctic .... 5,731.350
Arctic 4,781,000
Atlantic 34.801.400
Indian 17,084,000
Pacific 67.699.630
Lakes Baikal... 13,000
Chad 50,000
Erie 9,960
Great Bear .. 10,000
Great Slave... 12,008
Snohomish (1907) Length. 152 feet; beam, 29 feet;
draft, 15 feet 5 inches; displacement. 880 tons;
two one-pounder guns; used chiefly for life sav-
ing purposes on north Pacific coast; Port An-
geles. Wash.
Tallapoosa (1915) Length, 165 feet 10 inches;
beam, 32 feet ; draft, 11 feet 6 inches ; displace-
ment, 912 tons ; speed, 12% knots ; oil burner ;
four rapid-fire six-pounders ; Mobile, Ala.
Thetis (1881) Length, 188% feet; beam, 29 feet;
draft, 17 feet 10 inches; displacement, 1,250
tons; three three-pounders; Honolulu, H. I.
Tuscarora (1902) Length, 178 feet; beam, 30 feet;
draft, 10 feet 11 inches; displacement, 740
tons; one three-pounder gun; Milwaukee, Wis.
Unalga (1912) Length, 190 feet; beam. 32% feet;
draft, 14 feet 1 inch; displacement, 1,180 tons;
speed, 12% knots ; three six-pounder guns ;
Seattle, Wash.
Windom (1896) Length, 170 feet 8 inches; beam,
27 feet; draft, 9% feet; displacement, 670 tons;
three three-pounder guns; Galveston, Tex.
Yamacraw (1909) Length, 191 feet 8 inches;
beam, 32%\ feet; draft, 1? feet; displacement,
1,080 tons; four six-pounders; Savannah, Ga.
HARBOR CUTTERS AND LAUNCHES.
Alert (1907) Launch ; length, 61% feet; Mobile,
Ala.
Arcata (1903) Tug; length, 85 feet: displace-
ment, 140 tons; Port Townsend, Wash.
Calumet (1894) Harbor boat; length, 94V 2 feet;
displacement, 170 tons; New York, N. Y.
Davey (1908) Harbor vessel; length, 92% feet;
displacement, 180 tons; New Orleans, La.
Golden Gate (1896) Harbor vessel; length, 110
feet; displacement, 240 tons; San Francisco,
Cal.
Guard (1914) Harbor craft; length, 67% feet;
Mare Island navy yard.
Guide (1907) Motor boat; length, 70 feet; New
York, N. Y.
Guthrie (1895) Harbor vessel; length. 88 feet;
displacement, 150 tons; Baltimore, Md.
Hartley (1875) Harbor vessel; length, 64% feet;
displacement, 65 tons; San Francisco, Cal.
Hudson (1893) Harbor vessel; length, 96% feet;
displacement, 180 tons; New York, N. Y.
Mackinac (1903) Harbor vessel; Jength, 110 feet;
displacement, 240 tons; Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.
Manhattan (1873) Harbor vessel: length, 102 feet;
displacement, 145 tons; New York, N. Y.
Penrose (1883) Launch; length. 67- feet; Pensa-
cola, Fla.
Seout (1896) Steam launch; length, 63 feet;
Seattle, Wash.
Vigilant (1910) Motor launch; length, 45 feet;
Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.
Winnisimmet (1903) Harbor vessel: length, 96%
feet; displacement, 180 tons; Boston. Mass.
Wissahickon (1904) Harbor vessel; length, 96%
feet; displacement, 195 tons; Philadelphia, Pa.
STATION SHIP.
Coif ax Length, 179 feet 5 inches; beam. 25 feet;
draft, 10 feet; displacement, 486 tons; used as
station ship at service depot, Arundel Cove. Md.
AND GREAT LAKES
Sq. miles..
Huron . 23 800
AVERAGE DEPTH 01
Feet.
Antarctic 10 800
' OCEANS AND SEAS,
Feet.
Caribbean 7,614
Michigan 2 450
Arctic 5 160
China 402
Nyassa 12 000
Atlantic 12 200
Japan 7 320
Ontario '. '. 7 240
Indian 11,136
Mediterranean .... 4.560
Superior . 31 200
Pacific 12,960
Mexico, Gulf of... 4.632
Tanganyika 15 000
Baltic 122
North 300
Okhotsk 5 040
za 26,500
Winnipeg .... 9.00C
The mean depth of al
estimated to be from 2
the oceans and seas Is
bo 2% miles.
MONEY SPENT FOR CHEWING GUM.
In the last ten years, according to figures
compiled by the department of commerce, the
United States has spent for the chicle used in
the manufacture of chewing gum nearly $35,000,-
000. The normal annual imports of chicle amount
to 7,000,090 pounds, costing about $2,500,000, to
which are to be added American customs duties of
some $750,000. Chicle is the dried milky juice
of the sapodilla tree and it is imported chiefly
from Mexico, British Honduras, Venezuela and
the Central American republics. That imported
from Canada comes from British possessions in
the tropics.
54
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
THE PANAMA CANAL.
CANAL STATISTICS (OFFICIAL).
Length from deep water to deep water 50.5 miles.
Length on laud 40.5 miles.
Length at summit level 31.7 miles.
Bottom width of channel Maximum. 1,000 feet:
minimum (in Culebra cut), 300 feet.
Depth Minimum. 41 feet; maximum. 45 feet.
Summit level 85 feet above mean tide.
Locks in pairs 12.
Locks, usable length 1.000 feet.
Locks, usable width 110 feet.
Gatun lake, area 164 square miles.
Gatun lake, channel depth 85 to 45 feet.
Concrete required 5,000,000 cubic yards.
Time of transit through canal 10 to 12 hours.
Time of passage through locks 3 hours.
Length of relocated Panama railroad 46.2 miles.
Canal Zone area About 448 square miles.
Canal Zone area owned by United States About
322 square miles.
French buildings acquired 2.150.
French buildings used 1.537.
Value of utilized French equipment $1.000.000.
Canal force, average at work About 39.000.
Estimated total cost of canal $375.000.000.
PANAMA CANAL OFFICIALS.*
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.
Governor Maj. -Gon. G. W. Goethals. U. S. A.
Executive Secretary C. A. Mcllvaine.
Chief Division of Civil Affairs Crede II. Cal-
houn.
Chief Division of Police and Fire Capt. Harry
D. Mitchell, U. S. A.
District Attorney Charles R. Williams.
Department Headquarters Balboa Heights, Canal
Zone.
DEPARTMENT OP OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.
Engineer of Maintenance Lieut.-Col. Chester
Harding, U. S. A.
Assistant to Engineer of Maintenance Lieut.-Col.
Jay J. Morrow, U. S. A.
Marine Superintendent Comdr. H. I. Cone, U.
S. N.
Resident Engineer, Division of Dredging W. G.
Comber.
Superintendent Mechanical Division D. C. Nut-
ting, Jr.. U. S. N.
Resident Engineer Building Division George M.
Wells.
Assistant Engineer Division of Fortifications
Lieut. Creswell Garlington.
SUPPLY DEPARTMENT.
Chief Quartermaster Maj. W. R. Grove, U. S. A.
Assistant Chief Quartermaster Capt. F, H.
Smith.
Headquarters Balboa Heights.
ACCOUNTING DEPARTMENT.
Auditor H. A. A. Smith.
Paymaster John H. McLean.
Headquarters Balboa Heights.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
Chief Health Officer Lieut. Col. Deane C.
Howard, U. S. A.
Superintendent Maj. A. E. Truby, U. S. A.
General Inspector Maj. Elbert E. Persons, U.
S. A.
Headquarters Balboa Heights.
WASHINGTON OFFICE.
General Purchasing Officer and Chief of Office
M-n. Earl I. Brown.
Assistant to Chief of Office Ray L. Smith.
COURTS.
District Judge William H. Jackson.
Marshal W. H. May.
Headquarters Ancon.
*Tlio Panama cnrnl commission went out of
existence April 1, 1914, and was succeeded by the
permanent organisation, with departments and
officers as outlined above.
CHRONOLOGY.
First exploration of route 1527.
Advocated by Haraholdt 1803.
Panama railroad built 1850-1855.
Panama canal compauy formed by DeLesseps 1879
Work on canal begun Feb. 24. 1881.
Canal company failed Dec. 11. 1888.
De Lesseps and others sentenced to prison for
fraud Feb. 9. 1893.
New French canal company formed October, 1894.
De Lesseps died De. 7. 1894.
Hay-Pauncefote treaty superseding the Clayton-
Bulwer treaty signed Nov. 18. 1901: ratified by
senate Dec. 16: ratified by Great Britain Jan.
20. 1902.
Canal property offered to the United States for
$40,000.000 Jan. 9. 1902: accepted Feb. 16. 1903.
Bill authorizing construction of canal passed by
house of representatives Jan. 9. 1902; passed by
senate June 19, 1902; approved June 28. 1902.
Canal treaty with Colombia signed Jan. 22, 1903;
ratified by Senate March 17. 1903: rejected by
Colombia Aug. 12. 1903.
Revolution in Panama Nov. 3, 1903.
.
Canal treaty with Panama negotiated Nov. 18.
1903: ratified by republic of Panama Dec. 2. 1903-
ratified by United States senate Feb. 23. 1904!
Canal commissioners appointed Feb. 29. 1904.
Papers transferring canal to the United States
signed in Paris April 22. 1904.
Bill for government of Canal Zone passed by
the senate April 15. 1904; passed by the house
April 21: approved April 26.
Canal property at Panama formally turned over
to the United States commissioners May 4. 1904.
Work begun by Americans May 4, 1904.
President outlines rules for the government of
the Canal Zone and war department takes
charge of the work May 9. 1904.
Gen. George W. Davis appointed first governor
of Canal Zone May 9. 1904.
John F. Wallace appointed chief engineer May
10. 1904: resigned June 29. 1905.
Republic of Panama paid $10.000.000 May 21. 1904.
First payment on $40.000,000 to French canal com-
pany made May 24. 1904.
Lorin C. Collins appointed Supreme court judge
for Canal Zone Juno 17. 1905.
New commission with Theodore P. Shonts as
chairman named April 3. 1905; Shonts resigned
March 4. 1907.
John F. Stevens appointed chief engineer June
29, 1905: resigned Feb. 26. 1907.
Lieut.-Col. Goorge W. Goethals appointed chief
engineer Feb. 26. 1907.
Gatun dam finished. June 14. 1913.
Dry excavation completed. Sept. 10, 1913.
First vessel lifted through Gatun locks. Sept.
26. 1913.
Garaboa dike blown up. Oct. 10. 1913.
First vessels pass through Miraflores locks. Oct.
Permanent organization of canal administration
in effect April 1. 1914: Col. George W. Goe-
thals first governor ; existence of isthmian ca-
nal commission ended.
First freight barges go through canal from ocean
to ocean May 14. 1914.
First steamship (the Cristobal) passes through
canal Aug. 13, 1914.
Canal opened for general traffic Aug. lo, 1914.
Canal blocked by slides, September, 1915, to
April, 1916.
DESCRIPTION OF CANAL.
The entire length of the Panama canal from
deep water in the Atlantic to deep water in the
Pacific is 50.5 miles. Its length on land is 40.5
miles. In passing through the canal from the
Atlantic to the Pacific a vessel enters a channel
with a bottom width of 500 feet in Limon bay
and follows this for about seven miles to Gatun.
where it enters a series of three locks in flight
and is lifted eighty-five feet to the level of the
Gatun lake. It sails at full ocean speed through
this lake, in a channel varying from 1.000
to oOO feet in width, for a distance of about
twenty-four miles, to Bas Obispo, where it en-
ters the Culebra cut, which on April 28, 1915, was
by executive order named tlie Gaillard cut in
honor of Col. D. D. Gaillard, who died from
disease contracted while a member of the isthmi-
an canal commission. It sails through the cut
distance of about nine miles, in a channel
with a iKJttom width of 300 feet, to Pedro Mi-
guel. There it enters a lock and is lowered 30%
feet to a small lake at an elevation of- 54%
feet above sea level, and sails through this for
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
55
about 1% miles to Miraflores. There it enters
two locks in series and is lowered to sea level,
passing out into the Pacific through a channel
8% miles in length, with a bottom width of 500
feet. The depth of the approach channel on the
Atlantic side, where the tidal oscillation does
not exceed 1% feet, is 41 feet at mean tide,
and on the Pacific side, where the maximum
oscillation is 23 feet, the depth is 45 feet at
mean tide.
GATUN DAM.
The Gatun dam. which forms Gatun lake by
impounding the waters of the Chagres river and
other streams, is nearly 1% miles long measured
on its crest, nearly half a mile wide at its base,
about 4UO feet wide at the water surface, about
100 feet wide at the top and its crest is at an
elevation of 115 feet above mean sea level, or
30 feet above the normal level of the lake. The
top and upstream slope are riprapped. The
spillway is a concrete lined opening 1.200 feet
long and 300 feet wide, cut through a hill of
rock nearly in the center of the dam. the bot-
tom of the opening being ten feet above sea
level. It is fitted with gates and machinery for
regulating the water level of the lake.
The water level of Gatun lake, extending
through the Gaillard cut, is maintained at the
south end by an earth dam connecting the locks
at Pedro Miguel with the high ground to the
westward, about 1.700 feet long, with its crest
at an elevation of 105 feet above mean tide. A
small lake between the locks at Pedro Miguel
and Mirallores is formed by dams connecting the
walls of Miraflores locks with the high ground
on either side. The dam to the westward is of
earth, about 2.700 feet long, having its crest
about 15 feet above the water in Miraflorea lake.
The east dam is of concrete, about 500 feet long,
and forms a spillway for Miraflores lake, with
crest gates similar to those at the spillway of
the Gatun dam.
GATUN LAKE.
Gatun lake covers an area of 164 square miles,
with a depth in the ship channel varying from
85 to 45 feet. Throughout the first 16 miles from
Gatun the width of the channel is 1.000 feet:
then for 4 miles it is 800 feet and for 4 miles
more 500 feet, when the entrance to Culebrs
cut, at Bas Obispo, is reached. The water level
in the cut is that of the lake and the bottom
width of the channel is 300 feet.
THE LOCKS.
There are twelve locks in the canal, all in du-
plicate: throe pairs in flight at Gatun. with a
combined lift of 85 feet: one pair at Pedro Mi-
guel, with a lift of 30% feet, and two pairs at
Miraflores. with a combined lift of 54% feet at
mean tide. The dimensions of all are the same
a usable length of 1.000 feet and a usable width
of 110 feet. Each lock is a chamber, with walls
and floors of concrete and water tight gates at
each end.
RULES FOR VESSELS.
Prior to sending a vessel through the Panama
canal its owner or agent must make a deposit
with the government to cover its canal expenses.
Usually this deposit is made with an assistant
United States treasurer. When the ship enters
the harbor at either terminal port it is boarded
by officers who examine its bill of health and
clearance, see that its certificate of canal meas-
urement is properly made out and ascertain what
it needs in matters of fuel, supplies, extra men
to handle the lines during the passage of the
locks, etc. In all stages of its transit of the
canal the vessel must have on board a govern-
ment pilot. There is no charge for this service.
As soon as the vessel starts on its transit of
the canal the fact is telephoned to all the sta-
tions along the course so that there is exact
knowledge at each station all the time of the
status of the traffic. The course is equipped with
all requisite signals and facilities for mooring,
like sidings.
The transit of the canal requires about ten
hours, of which approximately three hours are
spent in the locks. In the sea level channels
and the Gaillard cut the speed is limited to six
knots; through Gatun lake vessels may make
ten, twelve and fifteen knots, according to the
width of the channel. In the locks the vessels
are under control of the lock-operating force.
They are towed through the lock chambers by
electric locomotives operating on tracks on the
side walls. Six locomotives are used for the
larger vessels, three on each wall. Two keep
forward of the vessel, pulling and holding her
head to the center of the chamber; two aft, hold-
ing the vessel in check, and two slightly for-
ward of amidships, which do most of the tow-
ing. Except in the locks towing is not re-
quired and vessels proceed under their power.
Tug service for sailing ships is at the rate of
$15 per hour.
TOLLS.
On merchant vessels carrying passengers or
cargo, $1.20 per net vessel ton each 100 cubic
feet of actual earning capacity.
On vessels in ballast without passengers or
cargo, 40 per cent less than the rate of tolls for
vessels with passengers or cargo.
Upon naval vessels other than transports, col-
liers, hospital ships and supply ships, 50 cents
per displacement ton.
Upon army and navy transports, colliers, hos-
pital ships and supply ships, $1.20 per net ton
the vessels to be measured by the same rules
as are employed in determining the net tonnage
of merchant vessels.
LABOR FORCE.
June 21, 1916, the actual working force of the
Panama canal was 19,527; of the Panama rail-
road, 3,621, and of contractors, 314, a total ef-
fective working force of 23,462; of these 19.97ft
were silver and 3,492 gold employes, the latter
being composed almost exclusively of white
Americans.
CANAL EXCAVATION TO JUNE 1. 1916.
Cubic yards.
By French companies 78,146.960
French excavation useful to canal 29.908,000
By Americans
Dry excavation 130,378,364
Dredges 118,141,979
Total 248,520,343
May to Dec. 31. 1904 243.472
Jan. to Dec. 31. 1905 1.799.227
Jan^ to Dec. 31, 1906 4.948.497
Jan. to Dec. 31. 1907 15.765.290
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1908 37.116.735
Jan. to Dec. 31. 1909 35.096.166
Jan. to Dec. 31. 1910 31.437.671
Jan. to Dec. 31. 1911 31.603.899
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31. 1912 30.269.349
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31. 1913 27.177.960
Jan. 1 to July 31. 1914. 8.616.660
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1914 13,640,501
Jan. 1 to Dec. 31. 1915 13,222,373
Jan. 1 to May 31, 1916 6,199,197
CANAL APPROPRIATIONS.
Act of congress. Appropriation. Deficiency.
June 28. 1902 *$40. 000. 000.00
April 28. 1904 tlO.000.000.00
June 28. 1902 10.000.000.00
Dec. 21. 1905 11.000.000.00
Feb. 27. 1906 $5.990.78a
June 30. 1906 25.456.415.08
March 4. 1907 27.161.367.50
Feb. 15. 1908 12,178.900
May 27, 1908 29.187.000.00
Ma'rch4. 1909 33.638.000.00 5.4?8.00fr
Feb. 25. 1910 76,000
June 25. 19K> 37,855.000.00
Special acts 21.411.56
March 4. 1911 45.560.000.00
Aug. 24. 1912 28.980.000.00
June 23. 1913 16.265.393.00
Aug. 1. 1914 20,718.000.00 2.724.350
MarchS. 1915 16,940,000.00
July 1, 1916 16,800,000.00
Total 369,582,527.14
Deficiency
Grand total 396,010,563.14
56
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
FORTIFICATIONS.
March 4. 1911 $3,000,000
Aug. 24, 1912 2.806,950
June 23. 1913 4.870.000
June 30, 1914 1,124,475
March 3, 1915 2,639,048
July 1, 1916 4,535,000
Total .18,975,473
TRAFFIC STATISTICS.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
*Per
1915. 1916. cent.
Number of vessels 1,088 787 72.3
Net tonnage 3,843,035 2,479,761 64.5
Tons of cargo... 4,969,792 3,140,046 63.4
Tolls $4,343,383 $2,399,830 55.3
*Per cent 1916 of 1915.
The canal was closed from the middle of Sep-
tember, 1915, to the middle , of April, 1916, by
slides. There were thus only five months of
the fiscal year 1916 in which the canal was in
normal operation.
During the fiscal year ending with the close
of business on June 30, 1916, the total receipts
from vessels passing through the canal were
$2,399.830.42. The total amount expended for the
operation and maintenance of the canal during
the same time was $6,999,750.15. This left a
deficit in the account of $4,599,919.73. In other
words, for every $1 spent by the government for
maintenance and operation it received back in
tolls 34.28 cents. During the preceding fiscal
year the tolls had exceeded the expenses by
$276,656.38, which represented a profit of .67 per
cent en the expenditure for operation for
maintenance alone, not counting anything for
interest on the money invested or for deprecia-
tion of plant.
It is to be noted that more than half of the
total spent for operation and maintenance in
the fiscal year 1916 was for dredging in the Gail-
lard (formerly Culebra) cut, the sum spent for
this purpose being $3,513,350.06. The increased
cost in this matter was due to the slides on
both banks of the canal north of Gold and
Contractors' hills, which caused the suspension
of traffic and a great falling off in the tolls
collected for the year.
The total toll collections from the beginning
until July 1, 1916, amounted to $6,787,832.79; by
months the tolls collected in the fiscal year 1916
were: July, $573,365.67; August, $496,792.03; Sep-
tember, $349,498.30; October and November, noth-
ing; December, $10,826; January, $654.39; Febru-
ary, $834; March, $418.80; April, $235,618.44; May,
$368,023.79; June, $363,799.
The vessels passing through the canal in each
direction during the fiscal year 1916 were dis-
tributed over the principal trade routes as
follows:
ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC.
Net Tons
Vessels, tonnage, cargo.
United States coastwise.... 50 183,372 227,103
U. S. to South and Central
America 56 189,594 265,659
U. S. to far east and Aus-
tralia 99 437,333 706,896
Atlantic terminus to South
and Central America 73 121,845 75,351
Europe to west coast North
America 20 70,938 51,645
Europe to west coast South
America 14 45,826 45,070
Miscellaneous 14 40,456 62,512
Ballast 85 227,866
Total 411 1. 308.230 1.434,236
In 1915 530 1,884,728 2,125,735
PACIFIC TO ATLANTIC.
United States coastwise.... 41 167,594 217,285
South and Central America
to U. S 115 400,219 709,049
Far east and Australia to
U. S 20 76,136 109,213
S. and C. America to At-
lantic terminus 78 137,746 109,911
West coast S. America to
Europe 48 173,732 309,436
West coast N. America to
Europe 34 113,957 178,807
Miscellaneous 15 56,099 72,109
Ballast 25 46,048
Total 376 1,171,531 1,705,810
In 1915 558 1,958,307 2,844,057
CHARGES FOR OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.
Items. 1916. 1915.
Admeasurement of vessels. $7,905.40 $9,926.54
Local inspection 4,075.36 3,926.98
Aids to navigation 58,848.34 48.059.59
Pilotage 41,342.29 61,513.50
Harbor tugs balance 42,720.58 2,491.77
Total marine division.... 154,891.97 125,918.38
Lock operation Gatun locks 252,245.64 230,214.68
Gatun spillway 17,132.45 12,112.20
Pedro Miguel lock 146,640.41 167,199.07
Pedro Miguel dam 91.59 42.00
Miraflores locks, etc 202,700.49 218,047.00
Miraflores dams, etc 3,482.43 10,052.62
Total locks, etc 622,293.01 637,667.57
Dredging 3,560,016.04 1,769,475.59
Total operation, etc.* 4,550,159.33 2,742,722.56
Proportion overhead expeAse2.449.590. 82 1,380,405.53
Grand total .6,999,750.15 4,123,128.09
Tolls .2,399,830.42 4,343,383.69
Tolls in excess of ex-
penses 220,255,60
Expenses in excess of
tolls 4,599,919.73
*Includes miscellaneous expenses.
NATIONALITY OF VESSELS USING CANAL.
The number of vessels of various nations pass-
ing through the canal from Aug. 15, 1914, to July
1, 1916, was as follows: From the Atlantic to
the Pacific American, 347 ; British, 418 ; Chilean,
32 ; Danish, 21 ; Dutch, 16 ; French, 2 ; Honduran,
3 ; Italian, 2 ; Japanese, 23 ; Nicaraguan, 1 ; Nor-
wegian, 35 ; Panamanian, 6 ; Peruvian, 17 ; Rus-
sian, 6 ; Swedish, 12 ; total, 941. From the Pa-
cific to the Atlantic American, 362; British, 404;
Chilean, 36 ; Danish, 21 ; Dutch, 6 ; French, 2 ;
Honduran, 3 : Italian, 1 ; Japanese, 7 ; Nicaraguan,
1 ; Norwegian, 51 ; Panamanian, 3 ; Peruvian, 16 ;
Russian 1 ; Swedish, 19 ; Argentinan, 1 ; total, 934 ;
the grand total of vessels passing through the
canal in that period was 1,875.
CANAL ZONE.
The Canal Zone contains about 448 sauare
miles. It begins at a point three marine miles
from mean low water mark in each ocean and
extends for five miles on each side of the center
line of the route of the canal. It includes the
group of islands in the Bay of Panama, named
Perico. Naos. Culebra and Flamenco. The cities
of Panama and Colon are excluded from the
zone, but the United States has the right to en-
force sanitary ordinances and maintain public
order there in case the republic of Panama
should not be able to do so.
PANAMA RAILROAD.
The Panama railroad and the steamships run
in connection with it between New York and
Colon are owned and operated by the United
States government. It practically parallels the
canal nearly the whole distance. It is 46% miles
long and runs between the cities of Colon and
Panama.
NUMBER OF THE STARS.
According to the best astronomers the number I through the telescope has been estimated by
of stars that can be seen by a person of average J. E. Gore at 70,000,000 and by Profs. Newcomb
eyesight is only about 7,000. The number visible '.and Young at 100,000,000.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
57
MINERAL PRODUCTS OF THE UNITED STATES.
[Prepared by the United States geological survey. Calendar years.J
MINERALS.
Unit of
measure.
1912.
1913.
1914.
Quantity
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
Quantity.
Value.
Aluminum
Asbestos
Pounds
Short tons. ..
Short tons. ..
Short tons. ..
liongtons.. ..
Bounds
barrels
Short tons. ..
jOng tons. ..
Short tons. ..
Bounds
Shorttons. ..
Shorttons. ..
Short tons. ..
Shorttons
Short tons
Troy ounces..
Pounds
65,607,000
4,408
449,510
37.478
159,865
42,315
83.351,191
'75,322,855
450.104,982
,243,268,720
992
86,572
116.545
32.715
4,182
4.520.717
3.543,771
$11,907,000
87.959
4,620.731
153,313
768,932
1,127,813
67,461,513
172.811.275
177.622.626
517,983.445
205,139.338
6,652
520,562
769,163
305,522
137,8()0
93,451.500
187,689
916,339
6,563,908
125,446
420.563.388
37,385.550
13,970,114
15.723
19.942
282,823
49,073
10.069.588
6.615,671
84,563,957
232.218
163.802.334
11,675,774
45,778
319.722
86,687
1.334,259
191.685
1.053,941
9.402.772
39.197,500
6,043.318
78.193,220
5,256.422
1.050,693
124.800
44,699,166
2.243.630.326
72,379,000
1,100
529.190
45.298
210.241
58,051
92.949,102
"8Y.718',686
478.523,203
1,224,484,098
957
120,955
115.580
38,594
5,308
4,299,784
5,064,727
113,845.000
11,000
' 156^275
997,698
1,491,530
93.001,169
181.289.132
195.181,127
565.307.658
189,795.035
4,785
776.551
736.286
369,750
183,422
88.884,400
254.328
855,627
6,774.822
285,821
458.342.345
38.405.840
14.648,362
40,480
75.104
353.517
82,543
9,543,306
5,631.391
87,846.677
207,352
237,121.388
11,796,231
46.530
319,454
55,408
1,286,084
668,011
813,171
10.123.139
40.348,100
6.175.476
83.732.995
5.479.849
1,119,597
36,970
37.772,224
2,445.805.017
79,129,000
1,247
438,271
51,547
219,318
62.400
87,287,552
''81,690.631
422,703,970
1,150.137,192
485
135,419
95,116
40*981
4,231
8.5?2,976
5,220,539
$14,522.700
18,965
3,647,592
153,715
1,069,194
1,464,400
80.533.203
164,986.983
188,181,399
493.309,244
152,968,246
2,425
629,873
570,041
403,646
145,510
94.531.800
285:368
1189,344
6.895,989
252,327
298.777,429
39.997,932
13,247,676
27.377
218,497
278,540
51,416
10,451,746
4.892,328
94.115,524
167,948
214.125,215
9,608,041
280,885
124,651
59,172
1,283.346
360,502
811,680
10,271,358
40,067,700
^5,706.787
1,'043;801
35.028.'636
2,114.946.024
Asphaltum
Barytes (crude)
Bauxite
Borax
Cement
Clay products .
Coal, anthracite. .. .
Coal, bituminous
Feldspar
Fluorspar
Fuller'searth
Garnet (abrasive)
Gold (coining value)
Graphite (crystalline).. ..
Grindstones. .
Short t^ina
2.500,757
2,599,508
2,476,465
Infusorial earth.
Iron (pig)
Lead
Long tons
Short tons
Short tons
..ong tons
jOng tons....
Bounds
Shorttons.. .
Shorttons.. .
Gals. sold..
30.180,969
415.395
3,529,462
1.164
51.517
845,483
3,226
181.154
62.281,201
30.388,935
436.430
3,595,390
4.048
1,700,677
59,403
5,322
173,168
57,867,399
' 248,446,230
3,111,221
1,034
22,263,263
512,794
3,380.928
2.635
98,265
556,933
3,730
173,557
54.358,466
Lime
Manganese ore
Manganif erous ore
Mica, sheet
Mica, scrap
Mineral paints
Mineral waters. . .
Natural gas . . .
Oilstones
Petroleum ,
Jarrels
..ongtons... .
Troy ounces .
222,113,218
2,973.332
1,005
265.762,535
2,734,043
6!324
Phosphate rock
Platinum
Precious stones
Pumice. ..
Shorttons.. .
_iOng tons . . .
Shorttons.. .
Flasks
27,146
350,928
97,874
25,064
33.324,808
63,766,800
24,563
341. H38
204,759
20,213
34.399.298
66,801,500
27,591
336,662
153.401
16,548
34.804,683
72,455,100
Pyrite ..
artz (silica)..
icksilver..
It
ver (commercial value) .
ite
Troy ounces.
Stone
Sulphur
short tons .
303,472
92,403
260,000
323.90?
311,590
94,128
327.634
86,221
20,000
243,418
Talc, soapstone
Shorttons
Bounds
Shorttons
Tin
Zinc
Total* ..
337,252
"Includes minerals not specified in list.
COAL PRODUCTION BY STATES (1914).
In tons of 2,240 pounds. Calendar year.
ANTHRACITE.
State. Tons.
State. Tons.
Pennsylvania. 81,090,631
New Mexico.. 3,462,222
North Dakota. 452,397
Ohio 16,824,210
BITL-MI
XOCS.
Oklahoma .... 3,561,262
Alabama . .
. 13,922,698
Oregon 40,034
Arkansas ..
. 1,639,768
Pennsylvania .132,127,941
California .
12,477
South Dakota. 10.5SO
Colorado . .
. 7,295,142
Tennessee .... 5.306,480
Georgia
148,659
Texas . ... 2 074,797
Illinois ....
. 51,418,926
Utah 2,770,568
Indiana
. 14,858,154
Virginia 7,106,728
Iowa
. 6,652,698
Washington .. 2,736,446
Kansas
. 6,125,882
West Virginia. 64,024,666
Kentucky ..
Maryland .
. 18,198,896
. 3,690,667
Wyoming 5,781,512
Michigan .
. 1,145,562
Total bitu-
Missouri
. 3.514,268
minous . . .377,414,259
Montana . .
. 2,504,619
Grand total.458,504,890
COAL PRODUCTION BY CALENDAR YEARS.
Tons of 2,240 pounds.
Year. Anthracite. Bituminous.
1880.... 25 580 189 38 9 42 641
1890. 41*489*858 99 377*073
1900 51 309 214 189 480 097
1905... .. 69.405.958 281.239.252
Year.
Anthracite. Bituminous.
1906 63.698,803 306,084,481
1907 76,487,860 352,408,054
1908 74,384,297 296,903,826
1909 72,443,624 338,987,997
1910 75,514,296 372,339,703
1911 80,859,489 362,195,125
1912 75,398,369 401,803,934
1913 81,780,067 427.190.573
1914 81,090,631 377,414,259'
PIGJ IRON PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED
STATES.
In tons of 2,240 pounds. Calendar year 1915.
State. Tons.
Alabama 2,049,453
Colorado 271,921
Connecticut .. 7,802
Illinois 2,447,2i'0
Kentucky 291,040
Maryland 251,548
Michigan 1,986,778
New Jersey.... 2.104.7S
State. Tons.
Ohio 6,912,962
Pennsylvania ..12,790,668
Tennessee 177,729
Virginia 251.345
Wisconsin 372,966
Total 29,916,213
Total, 1914... 23,332,244
NOTE In the foregoing table Colorado includes
Missouri, Washington, California and Oregon;
Connecticut includes Massachusetts; Kentucky
includes Mississippi and West Virginia; Georgia
includes Texas; Michigan includes Indiana; New-
Jersey includes New York, and Wisconsin in-
cludes Minnesota.
58
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
MINES AND QUARRIES ]
[From reports of census
In 1909 in the United States, exclusive of
Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico and other outlying
noncontiguous territory, 23,682 operators conduct-
ed 27,240 mines and quarries and 166,448 petrole-
um and natural gas wells. Of the operators 3,749
were engaged solely in development work upon
which, in 1909, the sum of $31,548,736 was ex-
pended. In Alaska in 1909 there were 673 opera-
tors, who employed 8,025 persons, in the mining
industry. The total expenses of these operators
amounted to $13, 220, 200, while the capital invested
was reported as $47,749,164. The total value of
products was $16,933,427, of which amount $16,-
327,752 consisted of gold and silver. In Hawaii
and Porto Rico the total value of product for
the eighteen operators reported was only $26,414.
The total number of persons engaged in connec-
tion with producing mines, quarries and wells,
as reported on Dec. 15, 1909, or nearest repre-
sentative day, was 1,139,332, of whom wage earn-
ers numbered 1,065,283, proprietors and firm mem-
bers 29,922 and salaried employes 44,127. In
mines, quarries and wells for which development
work only was carried on there was a total of
27,616 persons, of whom 21,499 were wage earners.
Of the total number of persons, 1,166,948, em-
ployed in productive and nonproductive mines.
1,158,775 were men 16 years of age and over, and
8,173 were boys under 16 years of age. Distrib-
uted by sex, 1,162,840 were male and 4,108 female,
the latter being employed in supervisory and
clerical capacities.
The total capital invested in all mining enter-
prises on Dec. 31, 1909, as reported, was $3.662,-
627,064, of which $3,380,525,841 was invested in
productive enterprises and $282,001,223 in those in
which development work only was carried on.
SUMMARY BY INDUSTRIES.
Industry. Mines. Value Persons
Fuels etc. Expenses, products, engaged.
Coal, anth.... 423 $139,324,467 $149.180.471 178.004
Coal, bitum..6,013 395,907,026 427,962,464 592,677
Petrol' m and
nat. gas 166,320 135,638,644 185,416,684 62,172
Peat 10 96 034 109 047 203
N THE UNITED STATES,
bureau, 1912 and 1913.]
Industry. Mines, Value Persona
Monazite and etc. Expenses, products, engaged,
zicron 4 $50.909 $64,472 34
Oil, scythe and
whet stones 45 99,259 206,028 232
P-hosphate
rock 153 7,421,430 10,781,192 8,573
Prec'us stones 27 195,908 315,464 145
Pumice 4 6 087 30 097 25
Pyrite 12 734355 676*984 1160
Quartz 14 155418 231*025 *208
Sulphur 4 4,538,*389 4,432*. 066 460
Talc and soap-
stone 46 1036371 1174516 1452
Tripoli . 7 42 493 66 557 ' 73
Tungsten 116 365,780 563*. 457 227
All other in-
dustries* .. 27 740,874 778.938 560
Total 1,042,642,6931,238,410,3221,139.332
*Includes enterprises as follows: Antimony, 1;
bismuth, 1; borax, 2; chromite, 2; manganiferous
iron, 2; nickel and cobalt, 1; tin, 1.
SUMMARY BY STATES. Value
State. Mines. Wells. Expenses. product.
Maine ......... 102 $1,876,341 $2,056,063
N. Hampshire. 53 . 1 204 966 1 308 597
Vermont 182 6*795*268 8*221*323
Massachusetts. 147 2 987 175 3 467 888
Rhode Island. 27 ... 673 877 '897*606
Connecticut .. 75 1,158*, 491 1,375*765
New York . 752 11,342 9,987,768 13,334,975
New Jersey... 151 4,507,940 8,347.501
Pennsylvania .3,000 59,780 300,977,955 349,059,786
Ohio 964 35067 53852530 6376711
Indiana 480 10*373 20*312*752 21*934'201
Illinois .. 759 10*918 68*718*121 76*658*974
Michigan 173 ' 21 5l',819*,838 67*,714',479
Wisconsin 286 5,508,751 7,459,404
Minnesota .... 250 38,574,180 58,664,852
Iowa 431 13,694,714 13,877,781
North Dakota. ' 53 6 *570*,140 *564*,812
South Dakota. 43 3 5,154,263 6,432,417
Nebraska . 20 260 049 322 517
Kansas 582 3,402 15,831*787 18722*634
Metals-
Iron 483 74 071 830 106 947 082 55 176
Delaware 9 .... 508 937 *516 213
Maryland 173 5.006,157 5,782*,045
Virginia 244 8,863,954 8,795,646
West Virginia 718 15,146 71,347,631 76,287,889
North Carolina 130 1416075 1358617
Copper 368 107*679*212 134*616*987 55,258
Precious metals
Deep mines... 2, 845 68,764,692 83,885,928 37,755
Placer mines. 880 6,810,482 10,237,252 5,436
Lead and zincl,142 24,453,299 31,363,094 24,397
Quicksilver... 12 718,861 868,458 640
Manganese.... 8 21,725 20,435 65
Building stone-
Limestone ...1,916 23,875,507 29,832,492 41,029
Granite .... 826 16192138 18997976 22,211
South Carolina 32 1034823 1252*792
Georgia 109 2,064,*236 2*.874*.595
Florida 96 5 909 532 8 846 665
Kentucky ... 442 1,109 ll',721J22 12*,100*,075
Tennessee ... 365 1 11,969,257 12,692,547
Alabama .... 302 22,442,278 24,350,667
Arkansas .... 146 62 4,309,211 4,603,845
Louisiana ... 2 246 6,641,555 6,547,050
Oklahoma ... 212 12,113 21,071,609 25,637,892
Texas 92 2279 8177783 10742150
Sandstone ... 677 6,626,438 7,702,423 11,025
Marble 108 4 842 835 6 239 120 6 649
Slate 219 5*831*256 6*054 174 10 121
Traprock .... 220 5,090,538 5,578,317 6,748
Bluestone .... 637 1,182,873 1,588,406 3,020
Miscellaneous
Asbestos .... 20 72,747 65,140 88
Asph'lt'mand
bitum. rock 19 301,673 466,461 241
Barytes 42 176,967 224,766 372
Bauxite 10 316,221 670,829 726
Buhr and mill
stones 14 18,354 34,441 79
Clay 336 2 289 198 2 945 948 4 351
Montana 543 46,520,545 54*991*961
Idaho 370 7,198,763 8,649,342
Wyoming 95 21 9,053,467 10,572,188
Colorado 1,575 76 38630288 45680135
New Mexico... 285 5,553,423 5*.587*,744
Arizona 251 28,608,216 34,217,651
Utah 235 16,606,028 22,083,282
Nevada 374 14,415,728 23,271,597
Washington .. 170 7 800 722 10 537 556
Oregon 161 1,223,468 l,*19l!512
California .... 1,279 4,316 52,565,278 63,382,454
Geographic divisions
New England. 586 14,696,118 17,327,242
Mid. Atlantic. 3,903 71,122 315,473,663 370,742,262
East N.Central 2,662 56,379 200,211,992 237,534,170
WestN. Centra; 2,603 3,450 101,600,234 130,252,533
South Atlantic 1,652 15,146 96,151,345 105,714,462
EastS.Ceutral 1,109 1,110 46,133,257 49,143,289
WestS.Central 452 14,700 40,200,158 47,530,937
Mountain 3,728 97 166,586,458 205,053,900
Pacific 1,610, 4,316 61,589,468 75,111,522
Corundum and
emerv 6 7 459 18 185 19
Feldspar 28 238,896 271,437 363
Fluorspar ... 15 319,426 288,509 376
Fuller's earth 21 274,776 315,762 380
Garnet 4 98,206 101,920 120
Graphite 20 328,690 344,130 436
Grindstones... 25 339,261 413,296 430
Gypsum 222 4 905 662 5 812 810 4 215
Infusorial
earth 16 61,083 75,503 99
Magnesite ... 13 62,444 68,463 84
Marl 3 17 812 13 307 38
Total U. S.. 18,164 166,320 1,042,642,693 1,283,410,322
The states leading in the number of persons
engaged in mining, quarrying, etc., were: Penn-
sylvania, 405,685; Illinois," 86,389; West Virginia,
82,808; Ohio, 62,874; Michigan, 42.133; Alabama.
32,643; Missouri, 32,462; Indiana, 31 292.
Mica ... 78 182 828 206 794 608
Mineral pig-
ments 26 115,860 151.015 246
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
DISTRIBUTION OF M
Figures, by leading states, for each of the
nine leading mineral industries in 1909:
ANTHRACITE COAL. p er
State. Operators. Employes. Product, cent.
Pennsylvania ..' 1S9 173,263 $148,957,894 99.9
BITUMINOUS COAL.
Pennsylvania .. 6S9 184.408 147,466,417 34.5
Illinois 470 74 445 53 030 545 12 4
INING INDUSTRIES.
IRON.
State. Operators. Employes. Product.
Minnesota ... 20 16,218 $57.076.135
Michigan 24 16,125 32,168,133
Alabama 25 5,666 4,939,149
New York .... 14 2,542 3,095,023
Wisconsin .... 6 1,455 2,972,584
PRECIOUS METALS DEEP MINES.
Colorado 439 7 586 27,147,937
Per
cent
53.4
30.1
4.6
2.9
2.8
32.4
21.2
11.6
10.2
9.4
7.3
85.5
71.9
6.3
3.4
2.2
15.9
13.3
12.1
11.3
8.9
6.8
14.9
11.5
9.3
8.0
7.5
6.3
78.7
12.9
8.0
'ropro-
tion.t
S.
1914.
33
1.015
4,658
men
West Virginia.. 307 69,666 46,929,592 11.0
Ohio 441 44 405 27 353 663 6 4
Nevada 218 3*818 17,807.945
California .... 395 6,622 9,690,956
Utah 108 3,905 8,541,522
Alabama 112 23,479 18,459,433 4.3
Colorado 86 15 461 15 782 197 3 7
Idaho 60 3 077 7 926,602
Indiana 223 2 7 357 15 018*123 3 5
South Dakota. 13 3,466 6,120,970
PRECIOUS METALS PLACER MINES.
California 392 3,073 8,751,032
LEAD AND ZINC.
Missouri ... 617 16319 22,565,528
Iowa 258 17*623 12*682*106 30
Kentucky 240 19,655 10*003*481 2.3
Kansas 118 12 791 9 835 614 2 3
Wyoming 35 7,839 9,'721,*134 2.3
Washington .. 32 6,155 9,226,793 2.2
Tennessee .... 85 11,154 6,688,454 1.6
Oklahoma .... 56 8,814 6,185,078 1.4
Missouri 173 9,526 5,881,034 1.4
Montana 48 4,612 6,117.444 1.2
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS.
Pennsylvania . 3,030 7,397 39,197,475 21.1
Wisconsin 88 1,753 1,989,907
Kansas 189 848 1,059,540
Oklahoma 47 724 695,235
LIMESTONE.
Pennsylvania . 311 7,179 4,733,819
Illinois 81 3 276 3,977,359
Indiana 126 3,724 3,616,696
Ohio 144 3,746 3,363,149
California .... 339 7,007 29,310,335 15.8
West Virginia 442 7,093 28,188,087 15.2
Illinois 323 4,059 18,895,815 10.2
Oklahoma .... 711 3.066 17,685,092 9.5
Kansas 217 1,302 6,681,780 3.6
Texas 163 1 405 6 391 313 3 4
New York ... 127 3,104 2,656,142
Missouri 144 2,437 2,027,902
GRANITE.
Vermont 51 2,035 2,829,522
Massachusetts. 82 2,278 2,185,986
Maine 85 2,132 1,761,801
California .... 62 1,318 1,518,916
Wisconsin 21 1,448 1,433,105
N. Hampshire. 40 1,305 1,205,811
PHOSPHATE ROCK.
Florida 26 5 105 8 488 801
COPPER.
Montana 35 13,697 45,960,517 34.1
Arizona 43 11,394 31,614,116 23.5
Michigan 7 19,022 30,165,443 22.4
California .._.. 2,510 10.104.373 7.5
Tennessee 23 1,725 1,395,942
South Carolina 5 1,307 862,409
FARRIES AND SMELTERS.
mines, interior department. 1
FATALITIES IN METAL MINES.
Propro- I
Year.* No. tion.t Year.* No.
1911 695 1913 683
ACCIDENTS IN MINES, QI
[From reports of bureau of
FATALITIES IN COAL MINES.
Propor- Proper -
Year.* No. tion.t Year.* No. tion.t
1902 1,724 3.38 19^9 2,642 3.96
1903 1.926 3.48 1910 2,821 389
1904 1,995 3.48 s L 2.656 3.65
1905 2,232 3.63 1912 2,419 335
ACCIDENTS AT SMELTING PLANT
1913.
Killed 47
1906 2138 3.39 1913 2785 373
1907 3 9 42 4 81 1914 2 454 3 22
1908 2 445 3 60
Seriously injured 746
FATALITIES IN QUARRIES.
1911 188 1.69 1913 183 1.72
1912 213 1.88 1914 . 180 2.05
Slightlv injured ... 3,507
'Calendar years. Dumber killed per l.OC
employed.
MINERAL PRODUCTION OF ALASKA.
The mineral production of Alaska in 1915
amounted in value to $32,854,229, or $13,788,563
more than in 1914 and far more than that of
any previous annual output in the thirty-six
years that mining has been carried on in the
territory. The statistics for the year 1915 show
that the value of the gold produced was $16,702,-
144, copper $15,139,129 and silver $543,393. Tin,
lead, antimony, marble, gypsum and a small
amount of petroleum and coal brought the total
value of the mineral products to $32,854,229.
Since 1880 the territory has produced gold, sil-
ver, copper, tin and other minerals to the
value of $300,953,751. The gold production alone
to the close of 1915 amounted to $260,858,943, of
which $186,192,992 came from the .placers and the
remainder from lode deposits.
THE WORLD'S MOST FAMOUS DIAMONDS.
Name. Carats.
Cullinan 3,025
D'Angleterre (blue) 44%
Etoile Polaire 40
Etoile du Sud 124
Grand Due de Toscane. 133.16
Great Mogul 279 3-15
Name. Carats.
Imperatrice Eugenie ... 51
Kohinoor (1st cutting).. 279
Kohinoor (2d cutting).. 106 1-16
Loterie d'Angleterre ... 49
Nassak 78%
Orloff 194%
Name. Carats.
Pacha d'Egypt 40
Regent 136%
Sancy 53^
Shah 86
Tiffany 969
Tiffany (yellow) 125
PRODUCTION OF IRON AND
year. Iron. Steel. Total.
1900 1,592 2,271,108 2,272,700
1905 871 2,283,840 2,284,711
1910 3,023,845 3,023,845
1911 230 3,635,801 3,636,031
STEEL RAILS IN THE UNITED STATES.
Tons.
Year.
1912
1913
1914
1915
Iron.
234
Steel.
2,822,556
3,327,915
3,502,780
1,945,095
Total.
2,822,790
3,327,915
3,502,780
1,945,095
CO
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
COPYRIGHT LAWS OF
The act to amend and consolidate the acts re-
specting copyright, in force July 1, 1909, as
amended by the act approved Aug. 24, 1912, pro-
vides that any person entitled thereto, upon
complying with the provisions of the law, shall
have the exclusive right (a) to print, reprint,
publish, copy and vend the copyrighted work; (l>)
to translate the copyrighted work or make any
other version of it if it be a literary work; to
dramatize it if it be a noiidrainatic work; to
convert it into a novel or other nondramatic
work if it be a drama; to arrange or adapt it if
it be a musical work; to finish it if it be a
model or design for a work of art ; (c) to deliver
or authorize the delivery of the copyrighted work
if it be a lecture, sermon, address or similar pro-
duction; (d) to perform the copyrighted work
publicly if it be a drama or, if it be a dramatic
work and not reproduced in copies for sale, to
vend the manuscript or any record thereof; to
make or to procure the making of any transcrip-
tion or record thereof by which it may in any
manner be exhibited, performed or produced, and
to exhibit, perform or produce it in any manner
whatsoever; (e) to perform the copyrighted work
publicly for profit if it be a musical composition
and for the purpose of public performance for
profit and to make any arrangement or setting of
it in any system of notation or any form of
record in which the thought of an author may
be read or reproduced.
So far as it secures copyright controlling the
parts of instruments serving to reproduce me-
chanically the musical work the law Includes
only compositions published after the act went
into effect; it does not include the works of a
foreign author or composer unless the country of
which he is a citizen or subject grants similar
rights to American citizens. Whenever the owner
of a musical copyright has used or permitted the
use of the copyrighted work upon the part of in-
struments serving to reproduce mechanically the
musical work, any other person may make a sim-
ilar use of the work upon the payment to the
owner of a royalty of 2 cents on each such part
manufactured. The reproduction or rendition of
a musical composition by or upon coin-operated
machines shall not be deemed a public perform-
ance for profit unless a fee is charged for ad-
mission to the place where the reproduction
occurs.
The works for which copyright may be secured
include all the writings of an author.
The application for registration shall specify
to which of the following classes the work in
which copyright is claimed belongs:
(a) Books, including composite and cyclopedic
works, directories, gazetteers and other compila-
tions.
fb) Periodicals, including newspapers.
(c) Lectures, sermons, addresses, prepared for
oral delivery.
(d) Dramatic or dramatic-musical compositions.
(e) Musical compositions.
(Q "
Maps.
(g) Works of art ; models or designs for works
of art.
(h) Reproductions of a work of art.
(i) Drawings or plastic works of a scientific
or technical character.
(1) Photographs.
(k) Prints and pictorial illustrations.
(1) Motion picture photo plays.
(m) Motion pictures other than photo plays.
These specifications do not, however, limit the
subject matter of copyright as defined in the law
nor does any error in classification invalidate the
copyright protection secured.
Copyright extends to the work of a foreign
author or proprietor only in case he is domiciled
In the United States at the time of the first pub-
lication of his work or if the country of which
he is a citizen grants similar copyright protec-
tion to citizens of the United States.
Any person entitled thereto by the law may
secure copyright for his work by publication
thereof with the notice of copyright required by
the act, and such notice shall be affixed to each
copy published or offered for sale in the United
THE UNITED STATES.
States. Such person may obtain registration of
his claim to copyright by complying with the
provisions of the act, including the deposit of
copies, whereupon the register of copyrights shall
issue to him a certificate as provided for in the
law. Copyright may also be had of the works of
an author of which copies are not reproduced for
srJe by the deposit with claim of copyright of
one complete copy, if it be a lecture or similar
production, or a dramatic or musical composi-
tion; of a title and description, with one print
taken from each scene or act. if the work be a
motion picture photo play; of a photographic
print if it be a photograph; of a title and de-
scription, with not less than two prints taken
from different sections of a complete motion pic-
ture, if the work be a motion picture other than
a photo play, or of a photograph or other iden-
tifying reproduction thereof if it be a work
of art or a plastic work or drawing.
After copyright has been secured there must
be deposited in the copyright oflice in Washing,
ton, D. C., two complete copies of the best edi-
tion thereof, which copies, if the work be a book
or periodical, shall have been produced in ac-
cordance with the manufacturing provisions of
the act, or if such work be a contribution to a
periodical for which contribution special regis-
tration is requested one copy of the issue or
issues containing such contribution. Failure to
deposit the copies within a given time after
notice from the register of copyrights makes the
proprietor of the copyright liable to a fine of
$100 and twice the retail price of the work, and
the copyright becomes void.
The text of all books and periodicals specified
in paragraphs (a) and (b) above, except the orig-
inal text of a book of foreign origin in a lan-
guage other than English, must in order to secure
protection be printed from type set within the
limits of the United States, either by hand, ma-
chinery or other process, and the printing of the
text and the binding of the books must also be
done within the United States. An affidavit of
such manufacture is required.
The notice of copyright required consists either
of the word "copyright" or the abbreviation
"copr.," accompanied by the name of the copy-
right proprietor, and if the work be a printed
literary, musical or dramatic work, the notice
must also include the year in which the copy-
right was secured by publication. In the case,
however, of copies of works specified in para-
graphs (f) to (k) inclusive (given above) the no-
tice may consist of the letter C inclosed within
a circle, accompanied by the initials, monogram,
mark or symbol of the copyright proprietor, pro-
vided his name appears elsewhere on the copies.
In the case of a book or other printed publica-
tion the notice shall be applied on the title page
or on the page immediately following, or if a
periodical either upon the title page or upon the
first page of text of each separate number or un-
der the title heading; or if a musical work upou
its title page or the first page of music.
Where the copyright proprietor has sought to
comply with the law with respect to notice, the
omission of such notice by mistake from a par-
ticular copy or copies shall not invalidate the
copyright or prevent recovery for infringement
against any person who, after actual notice of
the copyright, begins an undertaking to infringe
it, but shall prevent the recovery of damages
against an innocent infringer who has been mis-
led by the omission of the notice.
In the case of a book in English published
abroad before publication in this country, the
deposit in the copyright office within thirty days
of one copy of the foreign edition, with a re-
quest for the reservation of the copyright, se-
cures for the author or owner an ad interim
copyright for thirty days after such deposit is
made.
The copyright secured by the act endures for
twenty-eight years from the date of the first
publication. In the case of any posthumous
work, periodical, encyclopedic or other composite
work upon which the copyright was originally
secured by the proprietor thereof, or of any work
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
61
copyrighted by a corporate body, or by an em-
ployer for whom such work is made for hire, the
proprietor of such copyright shall be entitled to
? renewal of the copyright in such work for the
urther term of twenty-eight years when appli-
cation for such renewal shall have been made
within one year prior to the expiration of the
original term. In the case of any other copy-
righted work, including a contribution by an in-
dividual author to a periodical or to a cyclopedic
or other composite work when such contribution
has been separately copyrighted, the author of
such work, if living, or the heirs, executors or
next of kin, if the author be dead, shall be en-
titled to a renewal of the copyright for a fur-
ther term of twenty-eight years. In default of
such application for renewal the copyright in
any work shall end at the expiration of twenty-
eight years.
If any person shall infringe the copyright in
any work protected under the copyright laws of
the United States, such person shall be liable:
(a) To an injunction restraining such infringe-
ment.
(b) To pay to the copyright proprietor such
damages as the copyright proprietor may have
suffered due to the infringement, as well as all
the profits which the infringer shall have made
from such infringement, and in proving profits
the plaintiff shall be required to prove sales only
and the defendant shall be required to prove
every element of cost which he claims, or in
lieu "of actual damages or profits such damages
as to the court shall appear to be just, and in
assessing such damages the court may, in its
discretion, allow the amounts as hereinafter
stated (in numbered paragraphs), but in the case
of a newspaper reproduction of a copyrighted
photograph such damages shall not exceed the
sum of $200 nor be less than $50, and such dam-
ages shall in no other case exceed the sum of
$250 and shall not be regarded as a penalty. In
the case of the infringement of an undramatized
or nondramatic work by means of motion pic-
tures, where the infringer shows that he was
not aware that he was infringing, the damages
shall not exceed $100; in the case of the in-
fringement under like circumstances of a copy-
righted dramatic or dramatico-musical work the
entire sum recoverable shall not exceed $5,000
nor be less than $250.
1. In the case of a painting, statue or sculp-
ture, $10 for every infringing copy made or sold
by or found in the possession of the infringer or
his agents or employes.
2. In the case of any work enumerated in the
list (given above) of works for which copyright
may be asked, except a painting, statue or sculp-
ture, $1 for every infringing copy.
3. In the case of a lecture, sermon or address,
$50 for every infringing delivery.
4. In the case of dramatic or dramatico-musi-
eal or a choral or orchestral composition. $100 for
the first and $50 for every subsequent infringing
performance; in the case of other musical com-
positions, $10 for every infringing performance.
(c) To deliver up on oath all articles alleged
to infringe a copyright.
(d) To deliver up on oath for destruction all
the infringing copies or devices, as well as all
plates, molds, matrices or other means for mak-
ing such infringing copies, as the court may
order.
(e) Whenever the owner of a musical copy-
right has used or permitted the use of the copy-
righted work upon the parts of musical instru-
ments serving to reproduce mechanically the
musical work, then in case of infringement by
the unauthorized manufacture, use or sale of in-
terchangeable parts, such as disks, rolls, bands
or cylinders for use in mechanical music-produc-
ing machines, no criminal action shall be
brought, but in a civil action an injunction may
be granted upon .such terms as the court may
impose and the plaintiff shall be entitled to re-
cover in lieu of profits and damages a royalty
as provided in the act.
Any person who shall willfully and for profit
infringe any copyright, or willfully aid or abet
such infringement, shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall
bo punished by imprisonment for not exceeding
one year or by a fine of not less than $100 nor
more than $1,000, or both, in the discretion of
the court. It is provided, however, that nothing
in the act shall prevent the performance of re-
ligious or secular works, such as oratorios, can-
tatas, masses or octavo choruses by public
schools, church choirs or vocal societies, pro-
vided the performance is for charitable or edu-
cational purposes and not for profit.
Any person who shall fraudulently place a
copyright notice upon any uncopyrighted article,
or shall fraudulently remove or alter the notice
upon any copyrighted article, shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject to
a fine of not less than $100 nor more than $1.000.
Any person who shall knowingly sell or issue any
article bearing a notice of United States copy-
right which has not been copyrighted in this
country, or who shall knowinglv import any arti-
cle bearing such notice, shall be liable to a fine
of $100.
. During the existence of the American copyright
in any book the importation of any piratical
copies thereof or of any copies not produced in
accordance with the manufacturing provisions of
the copyright law, or of any plates of the same
not made from type set in this country, or any
copies produced by lithographic or photo-engrav-
ing process not performed within the United
States, is prohibited. Except as to piratical
copies this does not apply:
(a) To works in raised characters for the
blind ;
(b) To a foreign newspaper or magazine, al-
though containing matter copyrighted in the
United States printed or reprinted by authority
of the copyright owner, unless such newspaper or
magazine contains also copyright matter printed
without such authorization;
(c) To the authorized edition of a book in a
foreign language of which only a translation into
English has been copyrighted in this country;
(d) To any book published abroad with the au-
thorization of the author or copyright proprietor
under the following circumstances:
1. When imported, not more than one copy at
a time, for individual use and not for sale, but
such privilege of importation shall not extend to
a foreign reprint of a book by an American
author copyrighted in the United States;
2. When imported by or for the use of the
United States;
3. When imported for use and not for sale,
not more than one copy of any such book in any
one invoice, in good faith, by or for any society
or institution incorporated for educational, lit-
erary, philosophical, scientific or religious pur-
poses, or for the encouragement of the fine arts,
or for any college, academy, school or seminary
of learning, or for any state school, college, uni-
versity or free public library in the United
States:
4. When such books form parts of libraries or
collections purchased en bloc for the use of so-
cieties, institutions or libraries, or form parts of
the library or -personal baggage belonging to per-
sons or families arriving from foreign countries
and are not intended for sale.
No criminal actions shall be maintained under
the copyright law unless the same be begun
within three years after the cause of action
arose.
Copyright may be assigned, mortgaged or be-
queathed by will.
There shall be appointed by the librarian of
congress a register of copyrights at a salary of
$4,000 a year and an assistant register at $3,000
a year.
These with their subordinate assistants shall
perform all the duties relating to the registration
of copyrights. The register of copyrights shall
keep such record books in the copyright office as
are required to carry out the provisions of the
law, and whenever deposit has been made in the
copyright office of a copy of any work under the
provisions of the act he shall make entry thereof.
In the case of each entry the person recorded
as the claimant of the copyright shall be en-
titled to a certificate of registration under seal
of the copyright office.
62
ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
The register of copyrights shall receive and the
persons to whom the services designated are ren-
dered shall pay the following fees: For the reg-
istration of any work subject to copyright, $1,
which sum is to include a certificate of registra-
tion under seal: Provided, That in the case of
photographs the fee shall be 50 cents where a
certificate is not demanded. For every additional
certificate of registration made, 50 cents. For
recording and certifying any instrument of writ-
ing for the assignment of copyright or license,
or for any copy of such certificate or license,
duly certified, if not over 300 words in length.
$1; if more than 300 and less than 1,000, $2; if
more than 1,000 words in length. $1 additional
for each 1,000 words or fraction thereof over 300
words. For recording the notice of user or ac-
quiescence specified in the act, 25 cents for each
notice of not over fifty words and an additional
25 cents for each additional 100 words. For com-
paring any copy of an assignment with the rec-
ord of such document in the copyright office and
certifying the same under seal, $1. For record-
ing the extension or renewal of copyright, 50
cents. For recording the transfer of the pro-
prietorship of copyrighted articles. 10 cents for
each title of a book or other article in addition
to the fee for recording the instrument of as-
signment. For any requested search of copyright
office records, indexes or deposits, 50 cents for
each full hour consumed in making such search.
Only one registration at one fee shall be required
in the case of several volumes of the same book
deposited at the same time.
For copyright blanks and additional informa-
tion as to copyright regulations address the reg-
ister of copyrights, library of congress, Wash-
ington. D. C.
PASTEURIZATION OF MILK,
The term "pasteurization," as applied to milk,
should mean a process of heating to 145 degrees
Fahrenheit and holding at that temperature for
30 minutes, but as applied under commercial
conditions it is the process of heating for a
short or long period, as the different methods
demand, at temperatures usually between 140
and 185 degrees. The process is followed by
rapiJ cooling. The term originated from the
experiments of Louis Pasteur in France with
wine and beer when, by means of heating, he
prevented abnormal fermentation and souring.
When the process of pasteurization is properly
performed it affords protection from disease
breeding bacteria such as the tuberculosis, ty-
phoid, diphtheria and dysentery bacillus. Such
bacteria when heated at 140 degrees for 20 min-
utes or more lose their ability to produce dis-
ease. Pasteurization of milk is also reported
to be a preventive of septic sore throat, scarlet
fever and the foot and mouth disease.
There are three processes of pasteurization of
milk used in the United States. The first is known
as the flash or continuous process ; the second as
the holder or holding process, and the third as
pasteurization in the bottle. The flash process
consists in heating rapidly to the pasteurization
temperature, then cooling quickly. The milk is
heated from 30 seconds to 1 minute, usually at
a temperature of 160 degrees or more. In the
holder process the milk is heated rapidly to
temperatures of 140 to 150 degrees and held for
approximately 30 minutes, after which it is
rapidly cooled.
Pasteurization in bottles may be done in two
ways. One method is to put the raw milk into
bottles with water tight seal caps, then im-
mersing them in hot water until heated to 145
degrees and holding them at that temperaure
for 20 or 30 minutes. The cooling is accomplished
by lowering the temperature of the water until
that of the milk reaches 50 degrees. The second
method is the same except that instead of water
tight caps devices are used which fit over the
tops and necks of the bottles, thereby protecting
the ordinary paper caps from the water which
is sprayed on the bottles for the purpose of heat-
ing or cooling. A modification of the present
holder process is that of bottling hot pasteurized
milk. The milk is heated to 145 degrees for
30 minutes and put into bottles which have been
steamed and heated for 2 minutes immediately
before filling. After filling and capping with
ordinary caps the bottles may be cooled at once
by any of the systems in which the caps are
protected. Low temperature pasteurization is
declared to be the best from bacteriological,
chemical and economical standpoints.
The cost of pasteurizing milk has been found
to average three-tenths of a cent ($0.00313) a
gallon. Pasteurization is of value from a com-
mercial standpoint, as it increases the keeping
quality of milk and prevents financial loss by
souring. It does not prevent the ultimate sour-
ing of milk, but it does delay the process.
The foregoing facts are taken from a profes-
sional paper written by S. Henry Ayers, bacteriol-
ogist, dairy division, United States department
of agriculture. It is entitled "The Present
Status of the Pasteurization of Milk" and was
published as bulletin No. 342 of the department
Jan. 8, 1916.
DAYLIGHT SAVING SYSTEM ADOPTED.
The so called daylight saving plan by which
the clocks are set forward one hour during the
long days of summer was adopted by most of the
countries in the north of Europe in 1916. The
nations in which the system was put into ef-
fect included Britain, France, Germany, Italy,
Holland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark. In
England the law was operative from May 21 to
Sept. 30; in France, from June 14 to Oct. 1;
in Sweden, from May 15 to Sept. 30; Norway,
from May 22 to Oct. 1 ; Germany, May 1 to
Sept. 30, and in Italy from June 4 to Sept. 30.
In general the laws provide that factories,
banks, stores, trains, theaters, restaurants and
other industrial, financial and trade establish-
ments shall conform to the new schedule, be-
ginning and closing their activities one hour
earlier in the day than under the old system,
though by the clock the time is the same. In
the large cities in the united kingdom the parks
were obliged to keep open one hour later than
usual to give the people the benefit of more
fresh air.
In the United States the daylight saving plan
was adopted in some oases by individual firms
and by a few municipalities, but chiefly on ac-
count of the great inconvenience it would cause
to the railroads it was not generally favored.
There was no national or state legislation on
the subject.
FUEL BRIQUET INDUSTRY IN 1915.
More than $1,000,000 worth of briquets were
made out of waste coal dust in 1915, the exact
production being 221,537 short tons, valued at
$1,035,716. This was the largest output in the
United States for any year with the exception
of 1914. The manufacture of this type of fuel is,
however, still in its infancy, and, according to
C. E. Lesher of the United States geological
survey, a good many years will probably elapse
before the briquet industry assumes very large
proportions. The work of briquetting this low
grade material and converting it into fuel suit-
able for higher uses is, however, practicable con-
servation and as such deserves far more atten-
tion than it now receives in this country.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS.
[Condensed from Rules of Practice in the United States patent office.]
A patent may be obtained by any person who
has invented or discovered any new and useful
art, machine, manufacture or composition of mat-
ter, or any new and useful improvement thereof
not previously patented or described in this or
any other country, for more than two years prior
to his application, unless the same is proved to
have been abandoned. A patent may also be ob-
tained for any new design for a manufacture,
bust, statue, alto-relievo or bas-relief; for the
printing of woolen, silk or other fabrics; for any
new impression, ornament, pattern, print or pic-
ture to be placed on or woven into any article
of manufacture; and for any new, useful and
original shape or configuration of any article of
manufacture, upon payment of fees and taking
the other necessary steps.
Applications for patents mnst be in writing, in
the English language and signed by the inventor
if alive. The application must include the first
fee of $15, petition, specification and oath, and
drawings, model or specimen when required. The
petition must be addressed to the commissioner
of patents and must give the name and full ad-
dress of the applicant, must designate by -title
the invention sought to be patented, must con-
tain a reference to the specification for a full
disclosure of such invention and must be signed
by the applicant.
The specification must contain the following in
the order named: Name and residence of the ap-
plicant with title of invention; a general state-
ment of the object and nature of the invention-
a brief description of the several views of the
drawings (if the invention admits of such illus-
tration) ; a detailed description; claim or claims;
signature of inventor and signatures of two wit-
nesses. Claims for a machine and its product
and claims for a machine and the process in the
performance of which the machine is used must
be presented in separate applications, but claims
for a process and its product may be presented
in the same application.
The applicant, if the inventor, must make oath
or affirmation that he believes himself to be the
first inventor or discoverer of that which he
seeks to have patented. The oath or affirmation
must also state of what country he is a citizen
and where he resides. In every original applica-
tion the applicant must swear or affirm that the
invention has not been patented to himself or to
others with his knowledge or consent in this or
any foreign country for more than two years
prior to his application, or on an application for
a patent filed in any foreign country by himself
or his legal representatives or assigns more than
Beven months prior to his application. If appli-
cation has been made in any foreign country, full
and explicit details must be given. The oath or
affirmation may be made before any one who is
authorized by the laws of his country to admin-
ister oaths.
Drawings must be on white paper with india
ink and the sheets must be exactly 10x15 inches
in size, with a margin of one inch. They must
show all details clearly and without the use of
superfluous lines.
Applications for reissues must state why the
original patent is believed to be defective and
tell precisely how the errors were made. These
applications must be accompanied by the original
patent and an offer to surrender the same; or. if
the original be lost, by an affidavit to that effect
and certified copy of the patent. Every appli-
cant whose claims have been twice rejected for
the same reasons may appeal from the primary
examiners to the examiners in chief upon the
payment of a fee of $10.
The duration of patents is for seventeen years
except in the case of design patents, which may
be for three and a half, seven or fourteen years,
as the inventor may elect.
Schedule of fees and prices:
Original application $15.00
On issue of patent 20.00
Design patent (Z l / 2 years) 10.00
Design patent (7 years) 15.00
Design patent (14 years) 30.00
Caveat 10.00
Reissue 30.00
First appeal 10.00
Second appeal 20.00
For certified copies of printed patents:
Specifications and drawing, per copy $0.05
Certificate 25.
Grant BO
For manuscript copies of records, per 100
words 1ft
If certified, for certificate 25.
Blue prints of drawings, 10x15, per copy... .25.
Blue prints of drawings, 7x11. per copy 15.
Blue prints of drawings. 5x8, per copy 05
For searching records of titles, per hour... .50
For the Official Gazette, per year, in United
States 5.00
PATENT OFFICE STATISTICS.
Yr. Applications. Issues.
1904.
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
52.143
,. 54,971
. 56,482
. 57,679
. 60,142
. 64,408
30,934
30,399
31,965
36,620
33,682
37.42JL
Yr. Applications. Issues.
1910..
1911....
1912....
1913....
1914....
1915....
63,293
67,370
70,976
. 70,367
. 70,404
35,930
34,084
37,731
35,78*
41,850
44,934-
REGISTRATION OF TRADE-MARKS.
Under the law passed by congress Feb. 20, 1905,
and effective April 1, 1905, citizens of the United
States, or foreigners living in countries affording
similar privileges to citizens of the United
States, may obtain registration of trade-marks
used in commerce with foreign nations, or among
the several states, or with Indian tribes, by
complying with the following requirements':
First, by filing in the patent office an applica-
tion therefor in writing, addressed to the com-
missioner of patents, signed by the applicant,
specifying his name, domicile, location and cit-
izenship; the class of merchandise and the par-
ticular description of goods comprised in such
class to which the trade-mark is appropriated;
a statement of the mode in which the same is
applied and affixed to goods, and the length of
time during which the trade-mark has been
used. With this statement shall be filed a
drawing of the trade-mark, signed by the appli-
cant or his attorney, and such number of speci-
mens of the trade-mark as may be required by
the commissioner of patents. Second, by paying
into the treasury of the United States the sum
of $10 and otherwise complying with the require-
ments of the law and such regulations as may
be prescribed by the commissioner of patents.
The application must be accompanied by a
written declaration to the effect that the applicant
believes himself to be the owner of the trade-
mark sought to be registered and that no other-
person or corporation has the right to use it;
that such trade-mark is in use and that the de~
scription and drawing presented are correct.
Trade-marks consisting of or comprising immoral
or scandalous matter, the coat of arms, flag or
other insignia of the United States or of any
state or foreign nation cannot be registered.
Fees for renewal of trade-marks and for filing
opposition to registration are $10 each; for ap-
peals from examiners to the commissioner of
patents. $15 each.
the
Further information may be had by applying to
commissioner of patents, Washington, D. O.
TRADE-MARKS ISSUED.
1910 4,239 I 1913
1911 4,205 1914
1912 5,020 I 1915
5,065
6,817
6,292
64
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
UNITED STATES CIVIL SERVICE.
Civil service act approved Jan. 16, 1883.
Officers Three commissioners are appointed by i limitations in the more important branches of
the president to assist him in classifying the | the public service are: Postotfice, 18 to 45 years;
government offices and positions, formulating
rules and enforcing the law. Their office is in
Washington, D. C. The chief examiner is ap-
pointed by the commissioners to secure accuracy,
uniformity and justice in the proceedings of the
examining boards. The secretary to the com-
mission is appointed by the president.
General Rules The fundamental rules govern-
ing appointments to government positions are
found in the civil service act itself. Based upor>
these are 'many other regulations formulated by
the commission and promulgated by the president
from time to time as new contingencies arise.
The present rules were approved March 20, 1903,
and went into effect April 15, 1903. In a general
way they require that there must be free, open
examinations of applicants for positions in the
public service; that appointments shall be made
from those graded highest in the examinations;
that appointments to the service in Washington
shall be apportioned among the states and terri-
tories according to population; that there shall
be a period (six months) of probation before any
absolute appointment is made; that no person in
the public service is for that reason obliged to
contribute to any political fund or is subject to
dismissal for refusing to so contribute; that no
person in the public service has any right to use
his official authority or influence to coerce the
political action of any person. Applicants for
positions shall not be questioned as to their
political or religious beliefs and no discrimina-
tion shall be exercised against or in favor of any
applicant or employe on account of his religion
oy<
In
or politics. The classified civil service
elude all officers and employes in the executive
civil service of the United States except laborers
and persons whose appointments are subject to
confirmation by the senate.
Examinations These are conducted by boards
of examiners chosen from among persons in gov-
ernment employ and are held twice a year in all
the states and territories at convenient places.
In Illinois, for example, they are usually held
at Cairo, Chicago and Peoria. The dates are an-
nounced through the newspapers or by other
means. They can always be learned by applying
to the commission or to the nearest postoffice or
custom house. Those who desire to take exami-
nations are advised to write to the commission
in Washington for the "Manual of Examina-
tions," which is sent free to all applicants. It
is revised semiannually to Jan. 1 and July 1.
The January edition contains a schedule of the
spring examinations and the July edition con-
tains a schedule of the fall examinations. Full
information is given as to the methods and rules
governing examinations, manner of making appli-
cation, qualifications required, regulations for
rating examination papers, certification for and
chances of appointment, and
far as possible
it outlines the scope of the different subjects of
general and technical examinations. These are
practical in character and are designed to test
the relative capacity and fitness to discharge the
duties to be performed. It is necessary to obtain
an average percentage of 70 to be eligible for
appointment, except that applicants entitled to
preference because of honorable discharge from
the military or naval service for disability re-
sulting from wounds or sickness incurred in the
line of duty need obtain but 65 per cent. The
period of eligibility is one year.
Qualifications of Applicants No person will be
examined who is not a citizen of the United
{States; who is not within the age limitations
prescribed; who is physically disqualified for the
service which he sreks; who has been guilty of
criminal, infamous, dishonest or disgraceful con-
duct; who has been dismissed from the public
service for delinquency and misconduct or has
failed to receive absolute appointment after pro-
bation; who is addicted to the habitual use of
intoxicating liquors to excess, or who has made
a false statement in his application. The age
rural letter carriers, 17 to 55; internal re,e iluc ,
21 years and over; railway mail, 18 to 35; light-
house, 18 to 50; life saving, 18 to 45; general de-
partmental, 20 and over. These age limitations
are subject to change by the commission. They
do not apply to applicants of the preferred class.
Applicants for the position of railway mail clerk
must be at least 5 feet 6 inches in height, ex-
clusive of boots or shoes, and weigh not less than
135 pounds in ordinary clothing and have no
physical delects. Applicants for certain other
positions have to come up to similar physical re-
quirements.
Method of Appointment Whenever a vacancy
exists the appointing officer makes requisition
upon the civil service commission for a certifica-
tion of names to fill the vacancy, specifying the
kind of position vacant, the sex desired and the
salary. The commission thereupon takes from
the proper register of eligibles the names of
three persons standing highest of the sex called
for and certifies them to the appointing officer,
who is required to make the selection. He may
choose any one of the three names, returning the
other two to the register to await further certifi-
cation. The time of examination is not consid-
ered, as the highest in average percentage on the
register must be certified first. If after a pro-
bationary period of six months the name of the
appointee is continued on the roll of the depart-
ment in which he serves the appointment is con-
sidered absolute.
Removals No person can be removed from a
competitive position except for such cause as will
promote the efficiency of the
for reasons given in writing.
public service and
No examination of
witnesses nor any trial shall be required except
in the discretion of the officer making the re-
moval.
Salaries Entrance to the department service is
usually in the lowest grades, the higher grades
being generally filled by promotion. The usual
entrance grade is about $900, but the applicant
may be appointed at $840, $760 or even $600.
EMPLOYES IN THE FEDERAL CIVIL
SERVICE.
June 30, 1915.
IN WASHINGTON.
White house 37
State department 280
Treasury department 8.244
W T ar department 2.264
Navy department.
1,176
Postoffice department 1.538
Interior department 5,879
Department of justice 1.442
Department of agriculture 4.480
Department of commerce 2,8'"
Department of labor
Interstate commerce commission.
Civil service commission
Smithsonian institution.
105
883
221
792
212
154
3,875
Total 34,430
OrTSIDE "WASHINGTON.
State, war and navy department building..
Panama canal
Government printing office
Treasury department
5,203
Janitor service, etc.
Mint and assay service..
Subtreasury service 409
Public health service 3.424
Customs service 6.735
Internal revenue service 4,805
Miscellaneous 432
War department
Quartermaster's corps 8,732
Ordnance department 4,931
Engineer department 15.832
Miscellaneous 2,373
Navy department
Trade and labor positions 20,000
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
65
Exclusive of trade and labor positions... 2,978
Postofflce department
Inspection service 520
Postoffice service 182,367
Fourth class postmasters 47,616
Rural carrier service 43,721
Railway mail service 21,769
Interior department
Land service 1,335
Pension agency service 4,556
Indian service 7,588
Reclamation service 3,176
Miscellaneous '.... 827
Department of justice 2,595
Department of agriculture 14,321
Department of commerce
'Lighthouse service 6,610
Immigration service 1,773
Steamboat inspection service 320
Miscellaneous 3,079
Interstate commerce commission 1,128
Civil service commission 37
Panama canal service 1,003
Total . 421,259
Grand total* 476,363
*Includes 20,674 unclassified employes of isth-
mian canal commission.
EARTHQUAKES AND ERUPTIONS IN RECENT TIMES.
ST. PIERRE, MARTINIQUE.
(Eruption of Mont Pelee.)
Date May 8, 1902.
Lives lost 30,000.
Property destroyed (uot estimated).
MOUNT VESUVIUS.
(Eruption.)
Date April 8-11, 1906.
Lives lost About 200.
Towns suffering damage Torre del Greco, Torre
Annunziata, Boscotrecase, Ottajano, San Giu-
seppe, Portici, Caserta, Nola and San Giorgio.
SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
(Earthquake and fire.)
Date April 18, 1906.
Lives lost 452.
Persons injured 1,500.
Persons made homeless 265,000.
Property loss $350,000,000 (estimated).
Loss of insurance companies $132,823,067.21.
Buildings destroyed 6,000.
Blocks or squares burned 453.
Area of burned district 3.96 square miles.
Relief appropriation by congress $2,500,000.
Relief subscription $11,000.000.
VALPARAISO, CHILE.
(Earthquake.)
Date Aug. 16, 1906.
Lives lost 1.500.
Property loss $100,000,000.
KINGSTON, JAMAICA.
(Earthquake.)
Date Jan. 14, 1907.
Lives lost 1,100.
Persons injured 2,000.
Property loss $25,000,000.
Buildings destroyed 6,000.
Area of ruined district 50 acres.
Area affected by earthquake 300 acres.
Duration of first shock 38 seconds.
Duration of fire after earthquake 40 hours.
SICILY AND CALABRIA.
(Earthquake.)
Date Dec. 28, 1908.
Day of week Monday.
Hour 5:23 a. m.
Duration of shock 35 seconds.
Lives lost 76,483.
Persons injured 95,470.
Persons made homeless 1,100,000.
Property destroyed (No estimate attempted).
Region affected Northeastern Sicily and south-
western Calabria.
Chief cities and towns destroyed or damaged
In Sicily: Messina. Faro, Santa Teresa, Scalleta.
Iu Calabria: Reggio, Gallico, San Giovanni. San
Eufemia, Pellaro, Palmi, Caunitello.
CARTAGO. COSTA RICA.
(Earthquake.)
Date May 5, 1910.
Hour 7 p. m.
Lives lost 1,500.
TURKEY.
(Earthquake.)
Date Aug. 9, 1912.
Lives lost 3,000.
Persons injured 6,000.
Persons homeless 40,000.
SAKURA, JAPAN.
(Eruption and earthquakes.)
Date-^Jan. 12, 1914.
Lives lost 43.
Houses destroyed 855.
Persons made destitute 20,000.
Property loss (not estimated).
SICILY.
(Earthquake.)
Date May 8-9, 1914.
Lives lost 200.
Persons injured 1,000.
CENTRAL ITALY.
(Earthquake.)
Date Jan. 13, 1915.
Hour 7:55 a. m.
Duration of shock 30 seconds.
Lives lost 29,978.
Provinces affected Aquila, Caserta and Rome.
Communes damaged 372.
Largest city destroyed Avezzano.
HISTORY OF COLLAR AND SHIRT INDUSTRY.
[From department of commerce report.]
nection with the manufacture of shirts or as
separate industry. The sewing machine was
Separate collars for men's shirts are said to
have been first made about 1825 by the wife of
a blacksmith in Troy, N. Y. This woman did
the family washing and ironing and realized that
shirts with separate collars would not have to
be washed as often as did shirts with collars
attached. She applied the idea not only by mak-
ing separate collars for her husband's shirts, but
by making them
for sale. This innovation
attracted the attention of the Rev. Ebenezer
Brown, a retired Methodist minister, who kept
a small dry goods store in Troy. With the aid
of the woman members of his own family, the
Rev. Mr. Brown, about 1829, began offering
"string collars" for Kale and soon developed
a profitable new branch of his business. The
demand for "store" collars increased and during
the thirties and forties several companies were
formed to carry on the manufacture of separate
collars, cuffs and shirt bosoms, either in con-
introduced into the collar industry in 1852 and
steam power in 1855. Electric cutting machines
were introduced about 1870, buttonholing ma-
chines about 1880 and button sewing machines
about ten years later. The collar and cuff in-
dustry has been centered in Troy from the first.
In 1909 80.46 per cent of the collars and cuffs
manufactured in the whole country was manu-
factured in that city.
The manufacture of shirts was founded as a
systematic industry in 1832 in New York, and in
1909 that city manufactured 27.74 per cent of the
total output of the country. Troy and Albany
produced 8.85 per cent, Philadelphia
per cent,
Baltimore 8.53 per cent and St. Louis 4.07 per
cent. New York state and Pennsylvania pro-
duced more than half the shirts made in the
country.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 191T.
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From report of federal census bureau.]
MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE STATISTICS BY STATES.
STATE OB TERRITORY.
MARRIAGES.
DIVORCES.
Number,
1887-1906.
Annual average
1898 to 1902.
Annual average
1888 to 1892.
Number
1887
to
1906.
Annual averaget
per 100.000 pop-
ulation.
Number
Per
10,000
Pop.
Number
Per
10,000
Pop.
1900.
1890.
1880.
870
372,525
310.767
189,539
98.877
136.984
25,374
50,244
114,486
401.266
23,380
861,717
493.890
67.412
366.350
275,062
359,783
243,881
86.592
195,875
468,267
424,096
242,147
313,500
579,807
36.3(52
170,820
7,073
77.764
335,809
25,625
1,205,615
313.725
44,022
727,408
45,415
67,475
89(5,533
72,836
20,227
16.902
9.561
5.457
7,034
1.322
3,114
6,176 *
21,640
1,359
44,858
26,451
4,847
19.298
14,112
19,526
13,421
5,519
10,740
24.117
23,008
13.118
17,574
30,340
2,188
'527
3,916
15,042
1,307
63,082
17,142
2,454
37,979
3,326
3.499
48,088
3,726
Ill
129
64
101
77
72
112
117
98
8
105
124
86
96
91
97
79
90
86
95
75
113
88
124
95
80
67
87
P
91
as
85
76
87
15,727
13,217
7,167
4.261
6.216
983
1,512
4.314
16,541
705
38,421
22,453
736
16,474
12,795
I0il50
5,726
7,916
21,031
18,726
10.275
11,778
25,700
1,294
8.337
238
3.720
15,740
1,018
49,584
13,074
1.339
32.984
2.801
39,059
104
117
59
103
83
58
66
110
90
80
100
102
41
86
90
83
91
87
76
94
fl
91
96
91
78
50
99
109
64
83
81
70
90
44
88
74
93
22.807
29,541
25,170
15,844
9,224
887
2.325
7,586
10,401
3.205
82,209
60.721
6,751
34,874
28,904
30.641
9,785
14,194
7,920
22.940
42.371
15,646
19,993
54,766
6,454
16.711
1,045
8,617
7,441
2,437
29,125
7,047
4,317
63,982
7.669
10,145
39.686
6,953
69
136
108
158
50
16
58
79
26
S
142
113
93
109
84
41
117
40
47
104
55
74
103
167
82
111
112
23
73
23
24
88
91
129
134
33
47
54
90
84
197
66
18
34
57
24
93
75
104
33
67
84
88
24
32
72
41
48
71
139
71
97
100
18
46
|
47
64
46
108
21
33
27
53
61
10
31
53
g
68
70
10
24
52
60
84
10
67
51
69
District of Columbia
Florida
Idaho
Illinois
Indian Territory
Iowa
60
44
35
10
78
12
30
72
27
9
125
43
106
85
13
12
1
46
48
"92"
13
30
1
8
28
6
61
12
25
47
21
12
29
1
99
53
9
1
16
3
"sf
"80
8
25
Kansas
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey ...
New Mexico .
New York.
North Carolina
North Dakota.. .
Ohio
Oklahoma
Rhode Island
South Dakota
54,782
396.990
620,445
51,259
58,472-
295,377
87,182
170,810
337,583
13,509
3.094
20,975
34,965
2,789
2,977
16,386
7,747
9.532
16
77
104
115
101
87
88
92
99
8
2,128
17,432
23.834
2,127
2,807
12,818
2,975
6,692
16,009
426
61
99
107
V
77
83
88
95
68
7,108
30,447
62,655
4,670
4,740
12.129
16,219
10,308
22,867
1,772
95
89
131
92
75
38
184
64
65
118
65
62
82
74
49
22
109
41
51
86
48
38
49
114
47
11
75
25
41
111
21
62
50
6
S
38
99
Tennessee
Utah
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
12,832.044
945.625
*No record kept. tFor the five years of which the year stated is the median year.
NOTE See also "Population by Marital Condition" this volume.
FIRE AND EXPLOSION
Fire resulting in the explosion of munitions
caused the loss of six or more lives and the
destruction of property valued at nearly $20,-
000,000 in and near the National Dock and Stor-
age company's plant on Black Tom island or
peninsula, Jersey City, N. J., early on Sunday
morning, July 30, 1916. How the fire originated
could not be ascertained with any degree of cer-
tainty. It seems to have started soon after
midnight either among some freight cars of the
Lehigh Valley railroad or on a barge contain-
ing explosives to be shipped to the allies. It
continued to burn until it got beyond the con-
trol of the railroad employes and the Jersey City
fire department was called upon for assistance.
There followed a series of explosions, the first
and most violent of which occurred at 2:08 a. m.
It caused a shock felt all over the metropolitan
district of New York and was even noticed as
far away as Philadelphia. It shattered plate
and other glass in Jersey City and New York
to the value of approximately $1,000,000.
AT JERSEY CITY, N. J.
Black Tom island is really a peninsula which
extends out from the Jersey shore toward Bed-
loe's island, in New York bay. The peninsula
was utilized for the warehouses of the National
Dock and Storage company, for a grain elevator
belonging to the Lehigh Valley line and for a
number of piers reached by railroad tracks.
There were many cars loaded with explosives
on the peninsula and at the piers were a con-
siderable number of barges loaded with the same
kind of freight.
In detail the losses occasioned by the fire and
explosion were estimated as follows:
National Dock and Storage company... $12,000,000
Lehigh Valley railroad 1,000,000
Central Railroad of New Jersey 50,000
Ammunition in cars and barges 5,000,000
Other barges 260,000
Plate and other glass 1,000,000
Damage to buildings, etc 335,000
Total 19,645,000
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
67
CAUSES FOR DIVORCE.
Summary of the laws in effect in the various states.
STATE OR TKRRI-
TOKY.
Residence
required.
Consan-
guinity.
tA
|
Drunken-
ness.
Fraud or
force.
Imprison-
ment.
>,
A
Insanity.
1
Wunt of
Age.
Adultery.
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
ItoSy.
2yrs...
1 yr.. . .
Void.
Void.
No...
Void.
Void.
Void.
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
2 yrs.
2 yrs.
lyr-
lyr..
lyr..
lyr.
3 yrs.
2 yrs.
Hab'l-
Yes::::
1 yr....
HE::::
Yes....
2 yrs...
Yes
Void...
Yes....
Yes....
Void . .
Yes....
Void . .
Yes....
2 yrs
Felony-
felony. .
Yes
Felony..
Felony-
Yes
2 yrs
fS:::
Yes....
Yes
Yes
Yes....
No
Void . .
Yes....
No... No...
No... lyr..
No... No...
Yes.. No...
Yes.. Yes-
Yes.. I Yes-
Void. No...
Yes....
Void...
Yes....
Yes....
Void . .
No
Yes....
Yes....
Yes'.'
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia.
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
lyr....
[yr....
lyr....
3yrs...
2yrs...
3 yrs.
2yrs...
lyr....
2yrs...
6mos-
lyr....
2yrs...
Yes..
Yes..
Void.
Void.
Void.
No...
No...
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..'
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes .
Yes..
Yes-
Yes. .
lyr..
3 yrs.
lyr..
lyr-
2 yrs.
2 yrs.
2 yrs.
lyr..
lyr..
Yes-
3 yrs.
3 yrs.
3 yrs.
2 yrs.
lyr..
2 yrs.
1 yr.
Hab'l..
Yes....
Yes- .
lyr....
2 yrs...
Yes....
Yes....
Yes....
fe.:
Yes....
Yes'.:::
Yes....
lyr....
Yes....
1 yr
Yes..'::
Yes.:::
Yes....
No
Yes....
Yes....
Yes- .
NO.::::
void*::
Void . .
Yes....
Yes'.:::
7 yrs
Felony. .
Felony-
Felony..
Felony. .
Felony-
Felony .
Felony-
Yes
Felony
Yes....
Yes....
Void . .
Yes.:::
Yes. ..
Void . .
Yes....
Yes....
Yes-
Void.
Yes..
NO'.::
Void.
No...
No...
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
2yrs
Yes..
No-
Yes.
Yes
void : :
Yes....
Void"'
Void . .
Void . .
No
"Yes."
Yes.
Yes.
'Yes."
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana .
lyr....
lyr....
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York*
lyr....
2yrs...
3to5y.
lyr....
lyr....
2 yrs...
lyr....
lyr....
lyr....
bmos..
lyr....
lyr....
lyr....
Actual
Yes..
Void.
Yes..
Yes..
Void.
Yes! !
Yes..
Void.
Void.
Yes. ..
Yes
No...
Yes-
Yes.
Yes.
No
Yes.
3yrs
Yes
Felony-
Yes
Yes....
Yes....
Yes.
Yes. .
No...
Yes-
Yes.
No-
Yes....
Void . .
No....
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
"Yes"
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes....
No...
Yes- No
lyr..
2 yrs.
1 yr..
3 yrs.
Yes-
Yes-
iffi:::
Yes....
3 yrs...
Yes....
Hab'l..
Yes....
Void . .
Yes....
Yes....
No
Yes
3 yrs
Felony. .
lyr
Felony-
Felony-
Yes...
Yes....
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes-
Yes-
Yes. .
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-..
Yes...
Yes....
Yes....
Void.
No...
No...
No...
gorth Carolina
orth Dakota
Ohio
2 yrs...
lyr....
1 yr
Void.
Yes,.
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
io'y'rs
lyr..
3 yrs.
lyr-
lyr..
2 yrs.
5 yrs.
No
No.
No
Yes.
No...
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes. .
Void.
Void.
Yes...
No
Void.
No....
Void.
lyr....
3 yrs...
Yes....
lyr-..
No
Hab'L.
Void . .
Yes..':'
Yes..:
Yes...
Yes...
Felony-
Yes
Felony-
Felon v-
2 yrs....
Felony. .
Void.
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
No...
No...
NO...
No...
Yes-
Yes-
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
fiode Island
lyr....
iyr.:::
2 yrs...
No...
No...
Yes..
Yes..
nth Carolina!
uth Dakota
nnessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
lyr....
2 yrs...
6mos..
lyr....
2 yrs...
lyr....
lyr...
lyr....
2 yrs. . .
lyr....
No...
No.'!!
Yes..
No...
Yes'.'.
No...
Void.
Yes-
Yes..
Yea..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
lyr..
2 yrs.
lyr..
lyr..
3 yrs.
3 yrs.
lyr..
3 yrs.
lyr..
lyr-
lyr. ..
Hab'l..
Hab'L.
Yes....
No
No
Hab'L.
Yes....
lyr...-.
Hab'L.
Void.
Felony-
Felony..
Felony-
Felony..
3 yrs
Felony-
Felony. .
Felony. .
3 yrs
Felony. .
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
Yes...
No....
Void.
Yes...
No...
No...
Yes-
Void.
Yes.
Yes.
'Yes'."
Yes.
Yes.
'Yes."
Yes.
Yes..
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
No...
No...
Void
Yes. .
Yes-
Yes..
No...
Yes:.'
Yes..
Yes..
NO'.:::
Yes...
Yes...
Yes."
No-..
Void.
No....
Yes.::
No....
Void.
Marriages may be annulled for causes making them void from the beginning.
tNo divorce allowed, but marriages may be annulled.
NOTE The above table presents only the princi- absolutely void for the cause named, that it may
pal causes for divorce in the various states.
The words "Yes" and "No" are not always to
be taken without qualification, but as being
be voidable or that it may be annulled by court
proceedings. Bigamy, it may be added, is ft
cause for divorce or annulment of marriage in
applicable under certain conditions. The word I practically all of the states.
"Void" may indicate that a marriage may be |
NOTABLE NEW YORK BUILDINGS.
Height in stories and feet.
Stories. Ft.
Hyde 20 288
Maiden Lane ...25 315
Manhattan Life.. 7 348
Masonic 19 292
Met'politan Life. 50 700
Municipal 24 560
Park Row 29 382
Pulitzer 22 375
FOREST FIRES IN ONTARIO, CANADA.
Stories. Ft.
Stories. Ft.
American Surety. 23 306
Clarendon 20 263
American Tract.. 23 306
Com'ercial Cable. 21 255
Ashland 20 266
Empire 20 293
Atlantic Mutual.. 18 242
Equitable 37 485
Bankers' Trust.. 39 539
Evening Post -32 385
Bank of Com'ce..20 270
Flatiron 20 286
Bowling Green... 19 272
Germania Life .20 281
Broad Exchange. 20 276
Heidelberg 30 410
Hotel McAlpin. .25 307
Singer
Stories.
41
Ft.
612
308
419
280
273
388
St. Paul
Times
Trinity
U. S. Rubber Co
Walker*
.26
.28
.21
.20
.17
Washington Life. 19 273
Wool worth 51 785
Forest fires in the northern part of the prov-
ince of Ontario, Canada, caused the loss of about
400 lives July 29-31, 1916. Several small towns
were entirely destroyed and many of the in-
habitants burned to death. Fifty-seven perished
in Mushka, a French-Canadian settlement ; thir-
ty-four at Matheson ; eighteen at Cochrane ;
fifteen at Iroquois Falls, and fifteen at Ramore.
The others were lost in various smaller places
scattered through the forests. Hundreds of
square miles of bush and farm lands were
burned over.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
SUMMARY OF MARRIAGE LAWS.
STATE OR TERRITORY.
License re-
quired.
MARRIAGE PROHIBITED
BETWEEN
MINIMUM
AGE.
tPAR'NT'L
CONSENT
1.
II
s
It
02
1
"P.
,2
"S.
J
1~
5
1
No...
No...
No...
No
1
c
J_
H
18
14
1
is
t
14
15
J
16
16
14
15
12
12
18
16
15
18
t
16
16
16
13
* 5
18-
14
15
16
15
16
21
i,
15
i,
14
18
12
1
5
C
o>
21
it
21
21
1"
21
21
1,
18
18
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
21
is
21
21
21
21
18
18
21
21
is
21
21
21
21
21
21
18
21
16
21
21
21
21
11
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
Yes-
No...
?!
No...
Yes..
Yes-
Yes .
Yes..
Yes-
Yes-
No...
No...
No...
No...
No...
No...
No...
NO...
No...
No...
No...
11
18
17
18
21
21
16
?r
18
is
18
16
17
14
14
21
Is
11
i 8
18
18
14
is
18
16
18
18
18
18
21
is
18
5,
16
21
14
18
1
18
21
18
18
18
16
18
18
18
18
21
18
16
18
18
15
18
18
ii
JI
ii
is
18
18
a-
18
18
16
18
18
18
21
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
IS:
IS:
Yes-
Yes..
Yes .
Yes
No...
No...
No...
No...
No,..
Yes..
No...
No.
Yes-
Yes-
No...
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes..
No
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
No
Yes..
No...
Yes..
..4..
No...
No...
No...
t
Yes-
No...
Yes..
NO*::
No...
No...
t
Yes..
&.:
Yet'.
No...
NO*::
Yes.
Ye&.
No...
IS:
Georgia
Hawaii v
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes. .
Yes..
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes-
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes. .
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
No-
Yes.
No...
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes. .
Yes-
Yes..
No...
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
Yes-
No...
No-
No-
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
No...
No...
Yes-
Yes..
No...
Yes-
No...
No...
Yes..
No ..
Yes-
No...
No...
Yes..
Yes
Yes..
No...
No..
Fo...
Yes-
Yes. .
No
No-.
NO...
Yes-
No...
Yes-
No...
No-.
No...
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes..
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri . ,
Montana
Nebraska
Nev ada
New Hampshire ,
New Jersey .
No...
Yes..
No...
$:::
f|:
NO.::
No...
Yes..
Yes-
No...
Yes..
Yes .
No...
No...
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes-
Yes..
No...
Yes-
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes..
No...
Yes-
Yes.'.
No...
No ..
Yes-
Yes-
No..
No ..
Yes..
No?".'
No..
Yes-
Yes.
Yes-
No...
Yes..
No...
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
i:
NO^::
No...
Yet-
No...
Yes'.'.
Yes-
No...
Yes-
Yes-
No...
No...
Yes.
Ye!.
i
Yes-
No...
No...
NO:::
Ye*s.:
No...
vA:
Yes-
No...
No...
Yes.
Yes-
No...
No. . .
Yes
wfc
Yes.
N 8::
Ye*,
No-
Ye*,
No-
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes.
Yes,
Yes.
Yes
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
No-':
Yes-
Ye*s::
No...
Yes-
Yel
?fe
Utah
Vermont '.
Virginia
Wash ington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming :.".'.:"'
Yea..
Yes-
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
Yes..
No...
No...
Yes-
No...
Yes..
No...
No...
...t..
No...
No-.
NO-
18
18
18
16
15
16
18
21
21
16
18
21
*At which marriage is legal. fAge below which
parental consent is necessary. JNo specific provi-
sion; common law usually applies. Prohibited
when either of parties is incapable of entering
into a civil contract.
AMERICAN HALL OF FAME.
"The Hall of Fame for Great Americans" is
Eli Whitney.
Edgar Allan Poe.
the name of a building on University Heights in
New York city, in which are inscribed on bronze
tablets the names of famous American men ajid
women. Nominations for the honor are made bv
the public and are submitted to a committee of
John J. Audubon.
William E. Channing.
Gilbert Stuart
Asa Gray.
Roger Williams.*
James Fenimore Cooper
Phillips Brooks.
William Cullen Bryant.
Frances E. Wiliard.
100 eminent citizens. In the case of men fiftv-
CHOSEN IN 1905.
Andrew Jackson.
one votes are required a
forty-seven. The first
October, 1900. when the
George Washington.
Abraham Lincoln.
Daniel Webster.
Benjamin Franklin.
Ulysses S. Grant.
John Marshall.
nrt in the case of women
balloting took place in
following were chosen:
James Kent.
Joseph Story.
John Adams.
Washington Irving.
Jonathan Edwards.
Samuel F. B. Morse.
John Quincy Adams.
James Russell Lowell.
William T. Sherman.
James Madison.
John G. Whittier.
Alexander Hamilton.
Louis Agasslz.
John Paul Jones.*
George Bancroft.
John Lothrop Motley.
CHOSEN IN 1915.
Francis Parkman.
Mark Hopkins.
Elias Howe.
Joseph Henry.
Thomas Jefferson.
Raloh W. Emerson.
H. W. Longfellow.
David G. Farragut.
Henry Clay.
Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Emma Wiliard.
Maria Mitchell.
Rufus Choate.
Daniel Boone.
Robert Fulton.
George Peabody.
CHOSEN IN 1910.
*Reconsidered under a
Horace Mann.
Robert E. Lee.
Harriet Beecher Stowe.
new rule and failed of
Henry W. Beecher.
Peter Cooper.
Oliver Wendell Holmes.
re-election.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
NATIONAL PARKS IN THE UNITED STATES.
.Under supervision of the secretary of the interior.
Name. Location. Created. Acres.
Abraham Lincoln Homestead* Kentucky July 17, 1916 137
Antietam Maryland Aug. 20, 1890 43
Casa Grande Ruin Arizona June 2i', 1892 480
Chickainauga and Chattanooga Georgia and Tennessee Aug. 18, 1890 6,195
Crater Lake Oregon May 22, 1902 159,360
General Grant California Oct. 1, 1890 2,560
Gettysburg Pennsylvania Feb. 11, 1895 877
Glacier Montana May 11, 1910 981,681
Hawaii .Hawaii Aug. 1, 1916 74,935
Hot Springs Reservation Arkansas June 16, 1880 912
Lassen Volcanic California Aug. 9, 1916 82880
Mesa Verde Colorado June 29, 1906 42,376
Mount Rainier Washington May 22, 1899... . 207,360
Platt Oklahoma June 29, 1906 848
Rock Creek District of Columbia Sept. 27, 1890.... 1606
Rocky Mountain Colorado Jan. 26, 1915 230,000
Sequoia California Oct. 1, 1890 160,000
Shiloh Tennessee Dec. 27, 1894 3000
Sully's Hill North Dakota June 4, 1904 *960
Vicksburg
Wind Cai
Yellowstone
nrg Mississippi
Cave ...South Dakota
Feb. 21, 1899
Jan.
.Wyoming, Montana and Idaho Mar.
9, 1903 ,
1. 1872
Yosemite California Oct.
Zoological District of Columbia Mar. 2, 1889
*In charge of secretary of war.
NOTES ON NATIONAL PARKS.
Abraham Lincoln Homestead Farm near Hodg-
enville, Ky., with log cabin in which Abraham
Lincoln was born.
1,233
, . 10,522
,.2,142,720
.. 967,680
170
Antietam Battle field of the civil war in Wash-
ington county, Maryland.
Casa Grande Ruin Remains of a large prehis-
toric building near Florence. Ariz.
Chickamauga and Chattanooga Battle fields of
the civil war in the vicinity of Chattanooga,
Tenn.
Crater Lake Park contains remarkable moun-
tain, lake and fine scenery in the Cascade
range, Klamath county, Oregon; may be reached
from Klamath Falls or from. Medford on the
Southern Pacific road.
General Grant In Fresno and Tulare counties,
California: forest and mountain scenery;
reached from Sanger on the Southern Pacific
road.
Gettysburg Battle field of the civil war in
southeastern Pennsylvania.
Glacier Tract of mountainous country in north-
ern Montana with glaciers, lakes, forests and
peaks.
Hawaii Includes celebrated volcanoes Kilauea,
Mauna Loa and Haleakala ; main feature is
Lava lake at Kilauea.
Hot Springs Reservation Tract of land in Gar-
land county, Arkansas, noted for its springs
of warm mineral waters.
Lassen Volcanic Contains volcanic and other
peaks, hot springs, mud geysers, ice caves,
lakes of volcanic glass, canyons and forests.
Mesa Verde In the extreme southwestern part
of Colorado; contains pueblo and other ruins;
reached from Mancc
ern road.
on the Rio Grande South-
Mount Rainier Mountain district in southern
Washington; reached from Ashford on the Ta-
coma Eastern railroad and from Fairfax on
the Northern Pacific road.
Platt Tract of land containing sulphur springs
in Murray count y, Oklahoma; reached by Santa
Fe and St. Louis & San Francisco railroads.
Rock Creek Park in outskirts of Washington,
D. C.
Rocky Mountain Tract of mountainous land of
great scenic beauty in Grand, Boulder and
Larimer counties, Colorado; contains forests,
lakes and peaks; reached by Union Pacific and
other roads.
Sequoia Mountain tract in Tulare county, Cali-
fornia, containing forest of big trees; reached
from Visalia.
Shiloh Battle field of civil war in Hardin coun-
ty, southern Tennessee.
Sully's Hill On the shore of Devil's lake. North
Dakota; contains elevation on which Gen.
Alfred Sully with a few men withstood a
band of Indians for several days in 1863;
reached from Devil's Lake, Narrows and Tokio
stations on the Great Northern road.
Vicksburg Battle field of civil war near city
of same name in Mississippi.
Wind Cave Canyon and extensive cave in Custer
county, South Dakota, twelve miles from Hot
Springs, on the Northwestern and Burlington
roads; in Black Hills region.
Yellowstone Famous park in Wyoming, Montana
and Idaho, containing geysers and many other
natural phenomena as well as beautiful moun-
tain, lake and river scenery; reached from
stations on the Northern Pacific, Burlington
and Oregon Short Line roads.
Yosemite Splendid valley in the Sierras in Mari-
posa county, California; reached from Merced
on the Santa Fe and Southern Pacific roads
by way of the Yosemite Valley railroad.
Zoological Park in Washington, D. C., devoted
to the zoological collection of the government:
adjoins Rock Creek park.
PRESERVATION OF AMERICAN ANTIQUI-
TIES.
By law approved June 8, 1906, entitled "An
act for the preservation of American antiqui-
ties," the president of the United States is au-
thorized, in bis discretion, to declare by procla-
mation historic landmarks, historic and prehis-
toric structures and other objects of historic or
scientific interest that are situated upon lands
owned or controlled by the United States, to be
national monuments. Under such authority the
following monuments have been created:
Name and state,
Big Hole battle field, Mont 1910
Year. Acres.
Cabrillo, Cal.
Chaco canyon, N. M.
Cinder cone,* Cal. ...
Colorado, Col.
Dev
tower, Wyo.
1913
1907
1907
1911
1906
1.5
20,629
5.120
Devil postpile,* Cal. 1911
El Morro, N. M 1906
Gila cliff dwellings.* N. M 1907
Gran Quivira, N. M 1909
Grand canyon,* Ariz.
Jewel cave.* S. D.
1,152
160
160
.1908 806,400
.1908 1,280
Lassen peak,* Cal 1907
Lewis and Clark cavern, Mont 1908 160-
Montezuma castle, Ariz 1906 160
Mount Olympus,* Wash 1909 608,640
..1908
Muir Woods, Cal.
Mukuntuweap, Utah
Natural bridges, Utah 1909
Navajo. Ariz.
Oregon caves,* Ore.
Petrified forest, Ariz 1906
.1909
.1909
295
15,840
2,740
600
480
25,625^
70
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Name and state. Year. Acres.
Shoshone cavern. Wyo 1909 210
Sitka, Alaska 1910 57
Tonto,* Ariz : 1907 640
Tumacacori, Ariz 1908 10
Wheeler.* Col 1908 300
*Administered by department of agriculture;
others by interior department, except the Big
Hole battle field, which is under the war de-
partment.
NOTES ON NATIONAL MONUMENTS.
Big Hole battle field Scene of fight at Big Hole
pass on Big Hole or Wisdom river. Aug. 9.
1877. between Nez Perce Indians under Chief
Joseph and a small force of soldiers com-
manded by Col. John Gibbon; in Silver Bow
county, Montana; reached from Melrose.
Cabrillo statue At Point Loma, Cal. ; land first
sighted by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, discoverer
of California, when he approached San Diego
bay, Sept. 28, 1542; site of about 1% acres
set aside for heroic statue of Cabrillo.
Chaco canyon Located in San Juan and McKin-
ley counties, New Mexico ; contains extensive
prehistoric communal or pueblo ruins.
Cinder cone An elevation in Lassen county in
northern California; is of importance as illus-
trating volcanic activity in the vicinity 200
years ago.
Colorado Extraordinary examples of erosion in
Mesa county, western Colorado; reached from
Grand Junction.
Devil postpile Natural formations, including
Rainbow waterfalls, within the Sierra national
forest in California; area set aside is on
middle fork of San Joaquin river.
Devil's tower A lofty and isolated rock in
Crook cotinty, Wyoming: is an extraordinary
example of the effect of erosion in the higher
mountains.
El Morro An elevation near Wingate station on
the Santa Fe railroad in New Mexico: con-
tains prehistoric ruins and Interesting rock
inscriptions.
Gila cliff dwellings In the Mogollon mountains.
New Mexico; known also as the Gila Hot
Springs cliff houses: are among the best pre-
served remains of the cliff dwellers of the
southwest.
Gran Quivira Ruined town not far from Manzano
in the central part of New Mexico; remains
of large cathedral and chapel and of many
houses thought to date from prehistoric times.
Grand canyon In northwestern Arizona; great-
est eroded canyon within the United States.
Jewel cave A natural formation of scientific
interest within the Black Hills national for-
est in Custer county. South Dakota.
Lassen peak In natural forest of same name in
Shasta county, northern California; marks the
southern terminus of the long line of extinct
volcanoes in the Cascade range, from which
one of the greatest volcanic fields in the
world extends.
Lewis and Clark cavern An extraordinary lime-
stone cavern near Limespur, Jefferson county,
Montana.
Montezuma castle Large prehistoric ruin or cliff
dwelling on Beaver creek. Arizona.
Mount Olympus Mountain in the state of Wash-
ington; has extensive glaciers and on its slopes
are the breeding grounds of the Olympic elk.
Muir woods In Marin county, California: an ex-
- tensive growth of redwood trees of great age
and size; land presented to the government
by William Kent of Chicago.
Mukuntuweap Canyon in southwestern Utah
through which flows the north fork of the Rio
Virgin or Zion river; an extraordinary example
of canyon, erosion.
Natural bridges Rock formations in southeastern
Utah extending over streams or chasms; have
loftier heights and greater spans than any
other similar formations known; reserved as
extraordinary examples of stream erosion.
Navajo^Within the Navajo Indian reservation
in Arizona; includes a number of prehistoric
cliff dwellings and pueblo ruins new to science.
Oregon caves Within the Siskiyou national for-
est in Oregon; caves are of natural formation
and of unusual scientific interest and impor-
tance.
Petrified forest Deposits of fossilized or mineral-
ized wood in Gila and Apache counties, Arizona.
Pinnacles A series of natural formations of
rock with a number of caves underlying them;
located within Pinnacles national forest in
California.
Rainbow bridge An extraordinary natural bridge
in southeastern Utah, having an arch which
in form and appearance is much like a rain-
bow; is 309 feet high and 278 feet span; of
scientific interest as an example of eccentric
stream erosion.
Shoshone cavern A cave in Big Horn county,
Wyoming, of unknown extent, but of many
windings and ramifications and containing
vaulted chambers of large size, magnificently
decorated with sparkling crystals and beauti-
ful stalactites, and containing pits of un-
known depth.
Sitka Tract of about fifty-seven acres within
public park, near Sitka. Alaska; battle ground
of Russian conquest of Alaska in 1804; site of
former village of Kiki-Siti tribe, the most
warlike of Alaska Indians ; contains numer-
ous totem poles constructed by the Indians,
recording the genealogical history of their sev-
eral clans.
Tonto Comprises two prehistoric ruins of ancient
cliff dwellings in Gila county, Arizona.
Tumacacori Ruin of an ancient Spanish mission
of brick, cement and mortar in Santa Cruz
county, Arizona.
Wheeler Volcanic formations illustrating erratic
erosion; in Rio Grande and Cochetopa national
forests in southwestern Colorado.
MEMBERS OF THE FRENCH ACADEMY.
Name. Elected.
Haussonville.Comtede.b. 1843. 1888
Freycinet, Charles de.b.1828.1890
Loti-Viaud, Pierre, b. 1850
Lavisse, Ernest, b. 1842
Bourget, Paul, b. 1852
France, Anatole. b. 1844...
Hanotaux. Gabriel, b. 1853
Lavedan, Henri, b. 1859
Deschanel, Paul. b. 1856...
Hervieu, Paul. b. 1857
Rostand, Edmond, b. 1868.
Bazin. R
Masson, Frederick, b. 1847...
ene. b. 1853
cieu.
3.1888
i^ame. nil
Lamy. Etienne. b. 1845....
ecieu.
..1905
8.1890
Ribot. Alexandre. b. 1842.
..1905
.1891
Barres, Maurice, b. 1862..
..1906
.1892
Donnay, Maurice, b. 1866.
..1907
.1894
Charmes* Francis, b. 1848
..1908
.1896
Richepin, Jean, b. 1849....
..1908
.1897
Doumic, Rene, b. 1860
..1909
.1898
Prevost, Marcel, b. 1862..
..1909
.1899
Aicard, Jean. b. 1848
..1909
.1899
Brieux. Eugene, b. 1858...
..1909
.1901
Poincare. Raymond, b. 18E
0.1909
.1903
Duchesne, Mgr., 3). 1848..
..1910
..1903
Regnier, Henri de, b. 186
..1911
Name. Elected.
Cochin, Denys. b. 1851 1911
Lyautey. Louis, b. 1854.. -....1912
Boutroux, Emile. b. 1845.... 1912
Bergson, Henri L., b. 1859.. 1914
Capus, Alfred, b. 1858 1914
Gorce, Pierre de la. b. 1846.. 1914
The Academic Francaise. or
French academy, was instituted
in 1635. It is a part of the In-
stitute of France and its par-
ticular function is to conserve
the French language, foster lit-
erature and encourage genius.
HIGHEST MOUNTAINS IN THE WORLD.
Mountain. Feet.
Asia Mt. Everest. 29. 002
Godwin-Austen ..28,280
Kunchinginga ...28,156
Gusherbrum . . . .26,378
Dhawalagiri ....26,826
Kutha Kangir ..24,740
Mountain. Feet.
Nanda Devi 25,600
Mustaghata 24,400
Chumalari 23,946
South America-
Aconcagua 23,080
Mercedario 22.315
Mountain.
Huascaran
Anconhuma
Illampu ...
Huandoy . .
Illimani ...
Pamiri ....
Feet.
...22.188
21,490
21,192
20,847
21,030
20,735
Mountain. Feet. .
Chimborazo 20,498
Tupungato 20,286
Haina 20.171
San Jose 20,020
North America
McKinley 20,300
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
71
GOVERNMENT RECLAMATION PROJECTS.
June 30, 1915.
[Source: The reclamation service, department of the interior.]
Location. Project.
Arizona Salt River
Arizona-California Yuma ,
California Orland
Colorado Grand valley
Colorado Uncompahgre valley..
Idaho Boise
Idaho Minidoka
Jackson la
ike.
Idaho
Kansas Garden City
Montana Blackfeet (Indian )
Montana Flathead (Indian)
Montana Fort Peck (Indian)
Montana Huntley
Montana Milk river
Montana Sun river
Montana-North Dakota Lower Yellowstone
Nebraska- Wyoming North Platte
Nevada Truckee-Carson
New Mexico Carlsbad
New Mexico Hondo
New Mexico-Texas Rio Grande
North Dakota North Dakota pumping
Oklahoma Lawton
Oregon Umatilla
Oregon-California Klamath
South Dakota Belle Fourche
Utah Strawberry valley
Washington .... Yakiina
Washington * . . Okanogan
Wyoming Shpshone
Total
*The amounts in this column include the total
amounts paid out for construction and operation
and maintenance without deducting amounts that
have been collected for services rendered, opera-
tion and maintenance assessments, etc. tThe
percentages noted in this column represent the
approximate ratio which costs of construction to
date bear to present estimate of total construc-
tion cost.
UNITED STATES IRRIGATION STATISTICS.
[From census bureau report.!
State. Farms. Acres.
Arizona 4.841
California 39.352
Colorado 25.857
Idaho 16.439
Kansas 1.006
Montana 8.970
Nebraska 1,852
Nevada 2,406
New Mexico 12.795
North Dakota 69
Oklahoma 137
Oregon 6.669
South Dakota 500
Texas 4.150
Utah 19.709
Washington 7.G64
Wyoming 6,297
Acres.
191,754
127,257
20,320
53,000
140,000
255,000
120,100
Expendi- fPer ct.
tures. compl'd.
10,677
122,500
152,000
152,000
32,877
219,557
174,025
60,116
229,684
206,000
24,796
10,000
155,000
26,314
2,500
36,300
144,430
97,916
50,000
144,429
10,099
149,360
114,150,000
8,740,000
965,000
3,044,000
6,445,000
12,544,000
6,498,000
949,000
386,700
1,000,000
1,930,000
515,000
1,641,000
4,842,000
3,246,000
3,372,000
8,080,000
6,513,000
1,242,500
378,600
7,562,000
1,063,000
47,900
2,379,000
9,437,000
3,762,000
3,202,000
9,437,000
949,000
100
70
97
68
70
95
08
40
30
10
82
60
40
97
60
70
95
100
50
50
30
95
75
100
55
320.051
2.664.104
2.792.032
1.430.848
37.479
1.679.084
255.950
701.833
461.718
10.248
4.38S
686.129
63.248
164,283
999.410
334.378
1.133.302
Cost.
$17.677.966
72.580.030
56.636.443
40.977.688
1.365.563
22.970.958
^.798.310
6,721,924
9.154.897
836.482
47.200
12.760.214
3.043.140
7.346.708
14.028.717
16.219.149
17.700.980
Total 158.713 13.738.485 307.866.369
NOTE The above figures are for arid land alone
and do not include rice land. The statistics of
number of farms and the acreage irrigated are
for 1909; the cost is to July 1, 1910.
The total length of ditches used for irrigation
in 1910 was 125,591 miles and there were 6.812
reservoirs having a combined capacity of 12,581.129
acre-feet. The number of pumping plants re-
ported was 13,906 and the acreage supplied by
them 477,625. The relative importance of the
several classes of irrigation enterprises is shown
by the following percentages of acreage irrigated
in 1909: Percent.
United States reclamation service 2.9
United States Indian service 1.3
Carey act enterprises 2.1
Irrigation districts 3.8
Co-operative enterprises 33.8
Individual and nartnership enterprises 45.5
Commercial enterprises 10.6
3,118,011 122,872,200
Classified by source of water supply, the acre-
age irrigated was as follows: From streams bv
gravity. 12.763,797; by pumping. 157.775: from
wells, by flowing. 144.400; by pumping. 307.496:
from reservoirs. 98.193: from lakes, b.v gravity.
58,284; by pumping, 12,354; from springs, 196,186.
CEOPS ON IRKIGATED LAND (1909).
State. Acreage.
Arizona 171.302
California 1.196.767
Colorado 1.650.356
Idaho 772.684
Kansas 22.118
Montana 909.342
Nebraska 137.211
Nevada 356.079
New Mexico 230.034
North Dakota 3.273
Oklahoma 2.806
Oregon 368.911
South Dakota 38.438
Texas 58.227
Utah 579.744
Washington 160.483
Wyoming 583.786
Value.
$4.718.100
52.057.007
39.478.994
16.582.213
477.025
14.535.960
1.973.860
5.339.475
5.705.922
56.215
51.995
7.489.255
505.684
2.645.385
14.642.792
7.994.531
7.362.983
acre.
$27.54
43.50
23.92
21.46
21.57
15.99
14.39
15.00
24.80
17.18
18.53
20.30
13.16
45.43
25.26
12.61
Total 7,241,561 181,617,396 25.08
The percentages of the total acreage devoted
to important crops on irrigated lands were: Al-
falfa, 30.6; wild grasses, 21.1; oats. 10.2; wheat.
7.6; barley, 3.3; orchard fruits, 3.3; other tame
or cultivated grasses, 3; grains cut green. 2.9:
timothy alone, 2.8: sugar beets. 2.5; timothy and
clover mixed, 2.5: potatoes. 2.3: corn. 1.8: trop-
ical and subtropical fruits. 1.4. Crops grown on
irrigated land show an excess yield of 28.6 per
cent over those grown on unirrigated land.
IRRIGATION FOR RICE GROWING.
The total acreage irrigated for rice growing In
Louisiana. Texas and Arkansas in 1909 was 694.-
800, of which 54.7 per cent was in Louisiana. 41.3
per cent in Texas and 4 per cent in Arkansas.
The enterprises which were completed or under
way in 1910 were reported as capable of irrigat-
ing 950,706 acres in that year and of serving
ultimately a total of 1.134.322 acres. The total
cost of rice irrigation enterprises to July 1. 1910.
was $13.587,639.
72
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
NATIONAL DEBTS, REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES.
[From report of bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C. I
COUNTRY.
0)
k
Total debt
in United
States
currency.
Rates!
of
inter-
est.
Per ct.
Interest
and other
annual
charges
(budeet
estimate).
Revenue.
Expendi-
ture.
PEH CAPITA OF
J
a
i
1
S
a
6
I
11
W
1915
1915
1914
1915
1915
1915
1915
1914
1914
1914
1915
1915
1914
1915
1914
1914
1914
1915
1914
1914
1915
1914
1915
1916
1915
1916
19i4
1914
1914
1913
1911
1915
1914
1914
1915
1914
1915
1915
1916
1916
$761.284,000
181,979.000
1,142,564.1)00
486,942.000
1. 043.675,0;*)
1,515.871.000
1,338,348.000
825,518.000
54,741,000
19,369.000
1,026,312,000
2-23,056,000
240,830.000
16,488.000
16,336,000
123,691.000
13,787,000
290,000
11,157,000
228,416.000
969,189,000
21,419.000
69,204,000
105.226.000
20,508.000
458.437.000
6,347.540.000
34,787,000
68.936,000
47,461.000
59.?^ .000
1,172.339,000
3,854.795,000
32.410,000
258,219.000
30.373.000
1,479.361,000
2,921,153,000
1,248,173,000
4 -
3H-4
3 -4
3 -4
3 -5
3 -4
3 -4K
2J^-3
3 -4
3 -10
4 -6
4^-6
2j|-4
4 -5
4 -8
5 -10
6
$36,737.000
3.089.000
56.C91.000
14,947.000
47,960.000
63.851.000
64,263.000
41,978.000
1,490,000
1.698,000
40,121,000
14,851,000
14,493.000
727,000
208.000
152,000
1,115,000
$136,947,000
78,097,000
230.035,000
60,597,000
160,487,000
702.581,000
459,624,000
155.812,000
5.8r7,000
8,392,000
189,375,000
53.148,000
163.174,000
3.517.000
2,987,000
2.103.000
3,822.000
5.311,000
4.970,000
51,466.000
97,163,000
16.939,000
41,829,000
35,517,000
10,161,000
72,939.000
1,001,511.000
33,073.000
12.228,000
29,444,000
26,413,000
899,635.000
1,551,493.000
14,297,000
50.451,000
6.282,000
890.081,000
548.804,000
309,253.000
20,790,000
29,163.000
535,000
4,004,000
72,687.000
1,900,000
86,91.S,000
124,806.000
2,972,000
45,831.000
5,280,000
19,105,000
90,062.000
17,186000
$136,797,000
154,191,000
226.594,000
60.240.000
160.487,000
70^.527,000
459.612,000
155.704,000
12,174.000
9,589.000
131,057.000
53,146,000
127.384.000
3,750,000
1,835,000
2,103,000
3.286.000
5,823,000
6,034,000
61,041,000
97.163,000
19.192,000
40.263,000
34,759,000
10.161,000
78,594,000
1,001,987,000
33.066.000
12,157,000
29,444,000
25,313.000
3,283,907.000
1,532.714,000
35.375,000
81,612,000
8, 127,1)00
403,423,000
552,600.000
293,970,000
20.790.000
29.163,000
535,000
4,642,000
75.798,000
2,455,000
101.744.000
136.053,000
3.496.000
49.422,000
5.348.000
19.105,000
WJ.021.0UO
17.186.000
91,877,000
1,649,284.001
33,342,001
4,491,OOC
41.364.001
25.454. OU
282,754.001
103,133.00
19,2H8.0U
201,461,001
89.155,001
2,727.544.001
) 137.156.00!
) 1,065.088.001
1 13.074,001
J| 33.030,001
1 10.000.001
\ i~i\nmn(KL
$r.79
36.8o
4.Y2
.63
17.59
15.81
F17.57
31.21
Australian Commonvr'th
448.79
20.26
48.97
63.64
107.80
2.74
7.08
42.22
46.93
67.42
40.12
7.71
220 09
22.98
.86
9.10
61.31
2.88
4.22
28.03
37.92
13.67
40.62
159.89
6.25
35.74
2.79
2.36
17.29
56.85
2.64
53.56
12.15
4.69
82.06
23.24
"i.'93
1.14
8.04
14.36
2.80
83.47
'ssiao
15.38
7.61
157.52
"42. is
26.0b
9.75
17.99
27.31
3.74
89.23
2'..59
19. 2o
) 39.6
) 97.20
) 122. 2 j
) 5.61
) 10.7
J 1.3
) 114.9
J 12. 3t
13.78
.93
2.06
3.06
5.48
.07
.67
1.65
3.12
1.80
L ,7
10
.27
1.86
i*2^
3^15
.10
.59
1.81
1.19
1.87
2.01
6.35
.75
1.5J
!OS
.88
2.50
.2(
l'.19
.16
3.54
1.15
".'is
.I!
i!a
.14
2.50
"Ii93
1.4
.09
5.1
' 2.'34
1.30
.43
2.50
1.9
.1
4.0
1.61
3*J
8.bC
2.
'.2
M
7.2t
.6
55.85
3.12
2>.6i
21.86
20.35
.29
3.33
7.79
11.18
20.21
8.56
1.41
3.74
6.37
15.76
4.05
14.49
.29
3.34
16.94
12.80
6.77
6.46
25.23
5.94
6.34
i:ol
13.27
22.88
1.16
10.46
2.51
1.24
15.42
5.76
5.76
1.88
.36
VR
4.37
13.99
3.28
19.8
18.62
6.60
3.29
15.12
L8
12.53
19. 2S
10. 2^
6. It)
8.9
3.1
13.8
18. 2<
l&
13. &
23.7'
3.7(
>r 9.9(
i 1.4
3 26. 9 1
L 3.6,
55.53
3.12
22.69
21.86
20.33
.61
3.80
5.39
11.18
15.78
9.12
.87
3.74
6.38
17.28
18!03
.29
3.78
16.31
12.53
6.77
6.96
25.24
6.94
6.30
1.73
1.00
48.43
22.60
2.88
16. 93
3.25
1.28
15.52
5.47
5.76
1.88
17!88
5J64
16.38
3.58
23.31
20.07
6.69
3.29
14.44
1.85
12.24
9.47
10.43
6.19
8.95
3.12
89.23
18.29
5.04
9.47
14.10
58.77
) 3.29
) 10.47
' 1.51
) 26.94
5 3.63
Austria-Hungary
Hungary
Belgian Kongo
Bolivia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Central Amer.-CostaKica
Salvador
2 -6
4*6-5
4-5
3 -6
4?-6
3 -4
4 -10
3 -4
2^-3
3X
3 -3^2
!*!*
3 -4
3 -4
2H-5"
2^-5
3 -3V$
Si
1,509,000
11.175,000
33,696,000
2,975,000
4.458,000
3,315.000
2.810,000
22,730.000
252,171,000
4,004.000
2,989,000
2,153.000
2.335,000
59.360,000
169,859.000
2.506,000
10.942,000
2,984,000
49,471.000
126.028,000
61,624,000
Chile
China
Co'ombia
Denmark
Algeria
Tunis
Indo-China
Colonies, other
German empire
States
Colonies....
Haiti
India, British
Italy
Japan
191t
1914
1915
1915
1914
1915
1915
29,888.666
1,710,000
2.091.000
221,773.000
1,218,000
518,625,000
6 1*
3^
3 -5
2^-3
1,939,000
198.000
359.000
15,531,000
61.000
15,515.000
Liberia
Mexico . .
Montenegro
Netherlands.
191o
Norway
191o
1914
1915
191o
1914
95.782,000
12.30:1000
44,112.000
938,484,000
13*
1 -6
3 -5
4,747.000
1,133.000
542.000
30,695,000
Paraguay
Peru
Portugal
i9!5
191
191
191
191
191
191
191
191
191
191
191
UH
191
191
191
191
316,693.000
4,536.'j:>i l .ittn
31,288.000
13,043,000
126.^2,000
30.4-52.000
1,816,301.000
166,846,000
73,739.000
843.28ti.00l
614,621.001
5,673.374. OOt
213,828,001
1,090.148,001
I2.000.00l
140,933. 00(
34.1/57,001
A.K RVJ 1 C-J (VI
4 -5
3 -6
3f4
2 -5
<4*
3 -4
3 -3fc
l*:j
1*4*
2 -4
) 4
!*!
i
17.582,000
226.449,00*.
1,452.00C
1,810.001
8,873,OOC
1,411.001
81,546.00t
9,037.001
1,941. OU
71,913.001
22,754,0(1
110,318,001
11,620.001
22,903,00*
713,001
8,900.001
1,685.00
1 QTll 4S7 (4 i
94,062.000
1,617,962,000
32,894.000
4,485,000
41,364.001
25,454.00C
247.143.00t
103.133.00C
14,763.001
10,,311,0(X
87.442,00!
1, 103,207 .00!
141,343.001
1.007,646.001
)! 12.736.OU
J 33,OS6,00(
J 10.000.00(
ili9fKn 17.1 m
Russia
Finland I
Santo Domingo.. . .
Serbia
Siam
Spain
Switzerland
Turkey .
Union of South Africa. . .
United kingdom
Colonies ( n. e. s.)
United 8tates
Philippines
Venezuela
ORDER OF PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION.
In case of the removal, death, resignation or
disability of both the president and vice-presi-
dent, then the secretary of state shall act as
president until the disability of the president or
vice-president is removed or a president is elect-
ed. The rest of the order of succession is:
Secretary of the treasury, secretary of war, at-
torney-general, postmaster-general, secretary of
the navy, secretary of the interior, secretary of
agriculture and secretary of commerce. The
acting president, in case congress Is not in ses
sion. must call a special session, giving twenty
days' notice.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
73
NATIONAL RAILWAY, TELEGRAPH AND POSTAL STATISTICS,
[From report compiled by bureau of statistics, Washington, D. C.]
COUNTRY.
cS
0>
>
Rail-
ways.
Tele-
graphs.
Post-
offices.
Postal
routes.
Postal
service
performed.
Val. domes-
tic money
and postal
orders sent.
Value for-
eign mon-
ey orders
sent.
1915
1914
1915
1914
1914
1914
1914
1913
1915
1914
1914
1915
1915
1915
1913
1913
1914
1913
1913
1913
1913
1915
1913
1913
1914
1914
1914
1914
1914
1914
1914
1913
Miles.*
21,150
20.3S3
2,945
15.739
13,589
5,451
16,194
1.537
30,795
438
613
240
200
298
264
3.958
6,123
621
2,331
2.455
652
3,707
31.958
2,793
1,173
1,282
1,948
39.600
2,866
1.396
Miles.*
49,244
51,969
13.434
30.616
16,396
5,206
1,622
3.811
36,199
3,201
36.604
tl.521
t4,045
t4.281
t3,637
"'2,409'
22.384
36,350
11.721
5.065
2.995
4,370
9.603
120,738
9,665
2.874
8,915
18,522
148.192
6.527
6.748
319
124
84.124
35,033
24.996
615
4.353
441
22.452
t528
5,032
12.348
No.
3,300
8.522
2,396
10.909
6.610
1,708
50
293
3.857
433
14,178
204
380
278
161
96
117
1,036
6,816
655
574
1,713
151
2.067
15,391
686
445
316
699
51,573
220
1,342
30
88
19,848
11,363
7,983
152
515
138
2,911
21
1,537
1.711
17
3,562
385
158
774
4,266
855
3.087
18.050
2.316
Miles.
50,107
137,314
Miles.
26,634.686
41.097.076
$ 10,341 .944
47.160,512
13,723,251
339.331.671
263.780.-905
93,924,457
413.692
60?,761
45,013.437
6.298,729
52.568.433
188,397
$613.938
4,677,232
2,607 ,6?4
76.981,340
57.834,624
12,333.540
944,252
2.2oY.696
3,749.220
31,497,459
Austral ian Commonwealth
New Zealand
138,314
50,921
5.828
13.919
13,867
92,312
12,689
91,344,H03
57,768.029
74,307,186
961,764
708.932
Belgian Kongo
Bolivia
Brazil
6,238,342
52,065,274
Central America Costa Rica..
321
68,566
1,085
Salvador... .
1.848
32.712
133,000
36,601
8,861,979
3,636
274,603
Chile ...
7,749.679
2,948.337
281,010
China .
Cuba
5,324
6,539
2,545,828
10,606,187
64,281,954
3.826,141
Egypt
7,016
81,792
9.010
6,675
22,429
45.928
91,276
6.353,067
166,598.520
8,465,563
3,161,194
7.098,283
4,704,565
27,185,662
635.339.114
106.254.0tif)
6.010.396
4.327.382
7.870,456
2,044.009.394
26.299.106
3.236.816
652,613
2,930,769
24,082,140
625.542
3,128,093
2.173.408
3,106.990
57,694,974
Algeria
Tunis. . ..
Indo-China
Colonies (n.e.s.)
German empire
453,198
39,299
Crete
Haiti
1913
1914
1914
1914
1914
19)5
1914
1913
1909
1914
1914
1913
1914
1915
1913
1913
1913
1913
1913
1913
1913
1913
1914
1915
1913
1914
1914
1914
1913
1915
1913
1915
1915
1913
1913
1914
140
34.656
11,105
6.594
312
993
326
16,088
11
2,054
1,722
117
1,967
255
34
1,719
1,854
1.069
2,328
46,586
2,338
400
977
895
9,538
8,933
3.562
4.576
8,833
23.701
7,770
263,547
733
340
1,639
588
107,079
112.239,942
88.039,734
83,315.845
India, British
Italy
156.838
47.570
65.779
7,746
19.698
709
51.679
147,108.552
571.397,170
136,626.551
6.555.627
9.418.797
6,355.480
24,218,667
2,582.903
8.435 015
395,331
12,578
43,252
9,074.885
4,558,442
Japan
Formosa
8,398,505
1,037,185
23.121.371
Netherlands
East Indies
West Indies etc
10.078
9,287
22,510.098
6.045,809
19,763.193
14,494.536
168.174
17,882,496
3,988,601
1,260.078
669,889
2,876,552
Norway
-7,238
2,485
6,312
9,321
5,566
6.657
5,401
143,090
48,047
15,464,636
Paraguay.. . .
Persia
9,966
17,984
24,290
60,391
66.786
223,546
1.924,861
2,045.692
15.212,791
3,143,430
20,527,813
99,652,579
1,257
122,098
564,464
401,518
5,973.739
12,920,147
11,674,120
Peru
540,575
13,800,970
506,058
410,482
1,278.526,671
10,397,266
Portugal
Colonies
Roumania ....
Russia
Finland .
Santo Domingo
1.269
2.729
4,527
27,680
6,664
2.179
23,093
14,517
80.982
30.165
240,231
4,773
590
5,344
4,902
105
1,556
243
7,135
4,187
4.384
850
2.802
24,589
2,392
56,380
665
89
995
284
Serbia
2.121
4,954
58.491
42.804
8.015
24,195
8,621
869,707
474.088
''"'29,380,665
23,395,531
6.129,816
16,406.960
7,080,257
369,716
13.271 .652
99.277,509
129,657,470
20.933.643
9.02B.8K2
488,592,392
647.989
44,124
'" 4",345,8i3
17,879.243
172,313
4,816,779
19,449.007
Siam
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Union of South Africa. . . .
United kingdom
United States
433,334
616,460,122
656,139.135
7,440,004
60,772,074
1,902,357
Philippines..^
Porto Rico
Uruguay
24,448
3,056.360
2,587.242
19,597
Affr A-U\ 971
Venezuela
*Miles
of line.
tMUes
of wire.
The library of congress was established in 1800
in the city of Washington, D. C. It was burned
in 1814, and in 1851 lost 35,000 volumes by fire.
The present library building, which cost $6.347,000.
was opened to the public in November. 1897. It
is located a short distance east of the capitol
and is the largest and tinest building of its kind
in the world.
June 30, 1915, the library contained 2,363,873
books .and pamphlets, 147,553 maps, 727,808 pieces
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.
of. music and 385,757 photographs, prints, engrav-
ings and lithographs. The copyright office is a
distinct division of the library with its own force
of employes. The total number of employes in
the library is 552 and the annual cost of main-
tenance is now about $850,000, including $200,000
for printing and binding.
The librarian of congress is Herbert Putnam,
salary, $6,500; chief assistant librarian, Appleton
P. C. Griffin, $4,000.
74
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
HOLIDAYS IN THE UNITED STATES,
GENERALLY OR LOCALLY OBSERVED.
Arbor Day Usually fixed by governor.
Benuington Battle Day Aug. 16.
Christmas Day Dec. 25.
Columbus Day Oct. 12.
Confederate Memorial Day See Decoration day.
Davis, Jefferson, Birthday June 3.
Decoration Day Federal, May 30; confederate.
April 26 (Alabama, Georgia. Florida. Missis-
sippi) and May 10 (North and South Carolina).
Election Days See Election Calendar.
Fire Prevention Day Oct. 9.
Flag Day June 14; designated by governor.
Georgia Day Feb. 12.
Independence Day July 4.
Jefferson's Birthday April 13.
Labor Day First Monday In September.
Landing Day July 25 (Porto Rico).
Lee's Birthday Jan. 19.
Lincoln's Birthday Feb. 12.
Maine (Battle .Ship) Day Feb. 15.
Mardi Gras February (New Orleans).
McKinley Day Jan. 29.
Mecklenburg Independence Declaration May 20.
Memorial Day See Decoration day.
Mothers' Day Second Sunday in May.
New Orleans, Battle of Jan. 8.
New Year's Day Jan. 1.
Patriots' Day April 19 (Maine, Massachusetts).
Pioneers' Day July 15 (Idaho), July 24 (Utah).
Texas Independence Day March 2.
Thanksgiving Day Last Thursday in November.
Washington's Birthday Feb. 22.
HOLIDAYS IN THE VARIOUS STATES.
Alabama Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday); Feb.
22; Mardi Gras (the day before Ash Wednes-
day, first day of Lent) ; Good Friday (the Fri-
day before Easter); April 26 (Confederate Me-
morial day); June 3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday);
July 4; Labor day (first Monday in September);
Thanksgiving day (last Thursday in Novem-
ber); Dec. 25.
Alaska Jan. l; Feb. 22; May 30 (Memorial day);
July 4; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Arizona Jan. 1; Arbor day (first Monday in Feb-
ruary); Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; general elec-
tion day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Arkansas Jan. 1; Feb. 22; July 4; Thanksgiving
day; Oct. 12 (Columbus day); Dec. 25.
California Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4;
Sept. 9 (Admission day); Labor day (first Mon-
day in September); Oct. 12; general election
day in November; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Colorado Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Arbor and School day
(third Friday in April); May 30; July 4; first
Monday in September; general election day;
Oct. 12; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25; -every Sat-
urday afternoon from June 1 to Aug. 31 in the
city of Denver.
Connecticut Jan. 1; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birth-
day); Feb. 22; Good Friday; May 30; July 4;
Labor day (first Monday in September);
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Delaware Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4; first Monday in September; Oct. 12;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
District of Columbia Jan. 1; Feb. 22; March 4
(Inauguration day) ; May 30; July 4; first Mon-
day in September; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Florida Jan. l; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday); Arbor
day (first Friday in February); Feb. 22; April
26 (Confederate Memorial day); June 3 (Jeffer-
son Davis' birthday); July 4; first Monday in
September; Thanksgiving day; general election
day; Dec. 25.
Georgia Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday); Feb.
22; April 26 (Confederate Memorial day); June
3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday); July 4; first
Monday in September; Thanksgiving day; Ar-
bor day (first Friday in December); Dec. 25.
Idaho Jan. 1 ; Feb. 22 ; Arbor day (first Friday
after May 1); July 4; first Monday in Septem-
ber; Oct. 12; general election day; Thanksgiv-
ing day; Dec. 25.
Illinois Jan. 1; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birthday);
Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; Labor day (first Mon-
day in September); Oct. 12 (Columbus day);
general, state, county and city election days;
Saturday afternoons; Thanksgiving day; Dec..
25; Arbor, Bird, Flag and Mothers' days are
appointed by the governor, but are not legal,
holidays. Like McKiuley day (Jan. 29), "Re-
member the Maine" day (Feb. 15), Douglas day
(April 23). they are observed by special exer-
cises, flag displays, etc. ; banks are not closed.
Arbor and Bird days usually come on the third
Friday of April in the northern part of the
state and the fourth Friday of October in the
southern part. Flag day is June 14 and Moth-
ers' day the second Sunday in May.
Indiana Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; first
Monday in September; Oct. 12; general election
day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Iowa Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; first
Monday in September; general election day;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Kansas The only holidays by statute are Feb.
12; Feb. 22; May 30; Labor day (first Mon-
day in September) and Arbor day; Oct. 12; but
the days commonly observed in other states
are holidays by general consent.
Kentucky Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; first Mon-
day in September: Oct. 12; Thanksgiving day;
general election day; Dec. 25.
Louisiana Jan. 1; Jan. 8 (anniversary of the bat-
tle of New Orleans); Feb. 22; Mardi Gras (day
before Ash Wednesday); Good Friday (Friday
before Easter); April 26 (Confederate Memorial
day); July 4; Nov. 1 (All Saints' day); general
election day; fourth Saturday in November (La-
bor day, in the parish of New Orleans only) ;.
Dec. 25; every Saturday afternoon in New Or-
leans.
Maine Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Good Friday; May 30;
July 4; Labor day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Maryland Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 80; July 4;
first Monday in September; Sept. 12 (Defend-
ers' day); Oct. 12; general election day; Dec.
25; every Saturday afternoon.
Massachusetts Jan. 1; Feb. 22; April 19 (Pa*
triots' day) ; May 30 ; July 4 ; first Monday in
September; Oct. 12; Thanksgiving day; Dec.
Michigan Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Oct. 12; general elec-
tion day; May 30; July 4; first Monday in Sep-
tember; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Minnesota Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; Good Fri-
day (Friday before Easter); May 30; July 4;
first Monday in September; Thanksgiving day;
general election day; Dec. 25; Arbor day (as
appointed by the governor).
Mississippi First Monday in September; by com-
mon consent July 4, Thanksgiving day and
Dec. 25 are observed as holidays.
Missouri-Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; La-
bor day; Oct. 12; general election day; Thanks-
giving day; Dec. 25; every Saturday afternoon
in cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants.
Montana Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Arbor day (third
Tuesday in April); May 30; July 4; first Mon-
day in September; Oct. 12; general election
day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25; any day ap-
pointed by the governor as a fast day.
Nebraska Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Arbor day (April
22); May 30; July 4; first Monday in Septem-
ber; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 28.
Nevada Jan. l; Feb. 22; July 4; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
New Hampshire Feb. 22; fast day appointed by
the governor: May 30; July 4; first Monday in
September; Thanksgiving .day; general election
day; Dec. 25.
New Jersey Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4: first Monday in September; Oct. 12;
general election day; Thanksgiving and fast
days, and every Saturday afternoon.
New Mexico Jan. 1; July 4; Thanksgiving and
fast days; Dec. 25; Decoration, Labor and Ar-
bor days appointed by the governor.
New York Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22: May 30;
July 4; first Monday in September; Oct. 12;
general election day; Thanksgiving and fast
days; Dec. 25; every Saturday afternoon.
North Carolina-Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birth-
day): May 10 (Confederate Memorial day); May
20 (anniversary of the signing of the Mecklen-
burg declaration of independence): July 4; state-
election day in August; first Thursday in Seo-
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
tember (Labor day); Thanksgiving day; Dec.
25; every Saturday afternoon.
North Dakota Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May
30; July 4; Arbor day (when appointed by the
governor); general election day; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
Ohio Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30: July 4; first
Monday in September; Oct. 12; general election
day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25; every Satur-
day afternoon in cities of 50,000 or more inhab-
itants.
Oklahoma Jan. 1: Feb. 22; May 30; July 4;
Oct. 12; general election day; Thanksgiving
day; Dec. 25.
Oregon Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; first Saturday
in June; July 4; first Monday in September;
general election day; Thanksgiving day; public
fast day; Dec. 25.
Pennsylvania Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
Good Friday: July 4; first Monday in Septem-
ber; Oct. 12; general election day; Thanksgiv-
ing day; Dec. 25; every Saturday afternoon.
Philippines Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Thursday and Fri-
day of Holy week; July 4: Aug. 13; Thanks-
giving day; Dec. 25; Dec. 30.
Porto Rico Jan. 1; Feb. 22; Good Friday; May
30; July 4; July 25 (Landing day); Thanks-
giving day; Dec. 25.
Rhode Island Jan. 1: Feb. 22; second Friday in
May (Arbor day); May 30; July 4; first Monday
in September; Oct. 12; general election day;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
South Carolina Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday);
Feb. 22; May 10 (Confederate Memorial day);
June 3 (Jefferson Davis' birthday): general
election day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25, 26, 27.
South Dakota Same as in North Dakota.
Tennessee Jan. 1; Good Friday; May 30: July 4:
first Monday in September; general election
day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25; every Satur-
day afternoon.
Texas Jan. 1; Feb. 22 (Arbor day); March 2
(anniversary of Texas independence): April 21
(anniversary of battle of San Jacinto); July 4;
first Monday in September; Oct. 12; general
election day; appointed fast days; Thanksgiv-
ing day; Dec. 25.
Utah Jan. 1; Feb. 22; April 15 (Arbor day):
May 30; July 4; July 24 (Pioneer day); first
Monday in September: Thanksgiving day and
appointed fast days; Dec. 25.
Termont^Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; Ao*.
16 (Bennington Battle day); Labor day; Oct.
12; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Virginia Jan. 1; Jan. 19 (Lee's birthday): Feb.
22; July 4; first Monday in September; Thanks-
giving and appointed fast days; Dec. 25; every
Saturday afternoon.
Washington Jan. 1; Feb. 12 (Lincoln's birth-
day): Feb. 22; May 30; July 4; first Monday
in September; Oct. 12; general election day;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
West Virginia Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May
30; July 4; Labor day; general election day;
Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Wisconsin Jan. 1; Feb. 22; May SO; July 4;
first Monday in September; general election
day; Thanksgiving day; Dec. 25.
Wyoming Jan. 1; Feb. 12; Feb. 22; May 30;
July 4; first Monday in September; general
election day; Dec. 25.
The national holidays, such as July 4, New
Year's, etc., are such by general custom and ob-
servance and not because of congressional legis-
lation. Congress has passed no laws establishing
holidays for the whole country. It has made La-
bor day a holiday in the District of Columbia,
but the law is of no effect elsewhere. It has
also designated the second Sunday in May as
Mothers' day.
PRINTING AND PUBLISHING INDUSTRY.
[From U. S. census bureau report.]
Establishments. 1914.
Book and job ................................................................ 12,115
1909. Pet. Inc.
Music
Newspapers and periodicals.
Total
180
19,317
10,708
178
18,871
31,612
VALUE OF PRODUCTS.
Publications Newspapers and periodicals $419,531,172
Subscriptions and sales . 163,577,090
Advertising 255,954,082
Newspapers .' 283,588,966
Subscriptions and sales 99,541,860
Advertising 184,047,106
Periodicals other than newspapers 135,942,206
Subscriptions and sales 64,035,230
Advertising 71,906,976
Ready prints (patent insides and outsides) 1,965,210
Books and pamphlets
Published or printed and published 68,266,697
Printed for publication by others 19,049,651
Sheet music and books of music
Published or printed and published 6,803,491
Printed for publication by others 822,585
Other products for sale and in execution of orders:
Job printing
Machine composition for others
Bookbinding and blank books
Electrotyping, engraving, lithographing, etc
All other products
Total
A minus sign ( ) denotes decrease. *Not reported.
NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS.
Pet.
Period of issue. 1914. 1909. inc.
Daily Number 2,580 2,600 0.8
249.730,932
5,682,098
15.097,109
9,698,641
13,860.525
810,508,111
29,757
$337,596,288
135,063,043
202,533,245
232,993,094
84,438,702
148,554,392
104,603,194
50,624,341
53,97^,853
2,293,077
62,930,394
10,209,509
5,510,698
1,000,966
204,154,096
18,810,392
8,201,398
11.885,141
662,591,959
13.1
1.1
2.4
^6.2
24.3
21.1
26.4
21.7
17.9
23.9
30.0
26.5
33.2
14.3
8.5
23.5
17.8
22.3
19.'8
18.3
16.6
22.3
Aggregate circulation. .28,436,030 24,211,977 17.4
Sunday Number 570 320 9.6
Aggregate circulation. 16, 445,820 13,347,282 23.2
Triweekly Number 84 73 15.1
Aggregate circulation.. 549,495 335,389 63.8
Semiweekly Number . . . 583 635 8.2
Aggregate circulation. 2,483,629 2,312,919 7.4
Weekly Number 15,166 15,097 0.5
Period of issue. 1914.
Aggregate circulation. 50, 454, 738
Monthly Number
2,820
1909.
3,822,965
2,491
Aggregate circulation. 79, 190, 838 63,280,535
Quarterly Number 500 361
Aggregate circulation.. 18,852,401 16,058,099
All other Number 442 364
Aggregate circulation.. 8,946,567 4,093,874 118.5
Pet.
inc.
23.6
13.2
25.1
38.5
17.4
21.4
Total number 22,745
22,141 2.7
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 3917.
PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS.
PRESIDENT AND V
ICE-PRESIDENT. Secretary of state. Secy, of treasury.
Secretary of war.
*George W ashington . .
1789
. . 1789
T. Jefferson 1789 Alex. Hamilton.. 17
E. Randolph 174jOliver Wolcott . .1795
T. Pickering 1795|
Henry Knox...l789
T. Pickering... 1795
Jas. McHenry.,1796
John Adams
...1797
T. Pickering 1797
John Marshall.. .1800
Oliver Wolcott.. .1797
Samuel Dexter.. 1801
Jas. McHenry.. 1797
John Marshal 1.1800
Sam'l Dexter.. 1800
R. Griswold....l801
.1797
'Thomas Jefferson
. .1801
1801
James Madison . . 1801
Samuel Dexter.. 1801
Albert Gallatin. .1801
H. Dearborn... 1801
'George Clinton
1805
'James Madison
1809
...1809
Robert Smith.... 1809
James Monroe... 1811
Albert Gallatin. .1809
G.W.Campbell.. 1814
A.J.Dallas 1814
W. H. Crawford. 1816
Wm. Eustis....l809
J. Armstrong. .1813
Tames Monroe. 1814
W.H.Crawford 1815
Elbridge Gerry
1813
*James Monroe
'Daniel D Tompkins
1817
1817
J.Q. Adams 1817
W.H. Crawford. 1817
Isaac Shelby... 1817
Geo. Graham.. 1817
J. C. Calhoun.. 1817
...1825
Henry Clay 1825
Richard Rush.... 1825
Jas. Barbour... 1825
Peter B.Porter.1828
'John C'. Calhoun
1825
'Andrew Jackson
...1829
...1829
M. Van Buren.... 1829
E.Livingston.... 1831
Louis McLane... .1833
John Forsyth. . . .1834
Sam.D. Ingham.1829
Louis McLane 1831
W. J.Duane 1833
Roger B. Taney.,1833
Levi Woodbury.,1834
lohn H.Eaton. 1829
Lewis Cass 1831
B. F. Butler.... 1837
1833
Martin Van Buren
Richard M. Johnson. . .
1837
1837
John Forsyth... 1837
Levi Woodbury.. 1837
Joel R.Poinsettl83?
t-William H. Harrison
John Tyler
1841
1841
Daniel Webster.. 1841
Thos. Ewing 1841
rohn Bell. 1841
John Tyler
1*41
Daniel Webster.. 1841
Hugh S. Legare.,1843
AbelP.Upshur..l843
John C. Calhoun.1844
Thos. Ewing 1841
Walter Forward. 1841
John C. Spencer..l843
Geo.M. Bibb 1844
John Bell 1841
John McLean.. 1841
J.C. Spencer... 1841
Jas.M. Porter.. 1843
Wm. Wilkins..l844
James K. Polk
George M. Dallas
1845
1845
James Buchananl845
Robt. J. Walker. 1845
Win. L.Marcy. 1845
tZachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
1849
1849
John M. Clayton.1849
Wm.M.Meredithl849
G.W.Crawford.1849
Millard Fillmore
1850
Daniel Webster..l850
Edward Everett..l852
Thomas Corwin.,1850
C. M. Conrad. . .1850
Franklin Pierce
tWiiliam R. King
1853
1853
W. L.Marcy 1853
James Guthrie. ..1853
Jefferson Davis 1853
James Buchanan
jQfea C. Breckinridge.. .
1857
18o7
Lewis Cass 1857
J. S. Black 1860
Howell Cobb 1857
Philip F.Thomas.1860
John A. Dix 1861
John B.Floyd.. 1857
Joseph Holt.... 1861
*t Abraham Lincoln
1861
1861
W.H. Seward....lSt>l
Salmon P. Chase.1861
W. P. Fessenden.1864
Hugh McCulloch.1865
S.Cameron... .1861
E.M.Stanton..l862
Andrew Johnson
1865
Andrew Johnson
1865
W. H.Se ward.... 1865
HughMcCunoeh.1865
E. M.Stan ton.. 1865
U.S. Grant 1867
L. Thomas 1868
J. M.Schofleld.1868
*Ulysses S. Grant
1869
1869
E. B. Washburne.1869
Hamilton Fish.. .1869
Geo.S.Boutwell 1865}
W.A.Richardson.1873
Benj. H. Bristow.1874
Lot M. Morrill. . .1876
J. A. Rawlins..l869
W.T.Sherman. 1869
W.W. Belknap.1869
Alphonso Taft. 1876
T. D. Cameron. 1876
fHenry Wilson
1873
Rutherlord B. Hayes..
William A. Wheeler...
1877
1877
W. M. Evarts 1877 John Sherman. . .1877
G.W. McCrary.1877
Alex. Ramsey.. 1879
tJames A Garfleld
1881
James G. Bla.me.lobl Wm. Windom....l881
R. T. Lincoln. .1881
Chester A. Arthur
1881
Chester A. Arthur
1881
F. T. Frelinghuy-
sen 1881
Chas. J. Folger...l881
W. Q. Gresham . .1884
HughMcCulloch.1884
R.T.Lincoln... 1881
1885
!Thos. F. Bayard. 1SS5 Daniel Manning. 1885
IChas.S.Fairchild 188"
W.C. Endicott.1885
tThos. A. Hendricks..
1885
Benjamin Harrison...
Levi P. Morton
1889 James G.Blaine. 1889 Wm.Windom.... 188
1889 John W.Foster.. 1892 Charles Foster... 1891
R. Proctor 1889
S. B. Blkins....LS91
Grover Cleveland
Adlai E. Stevenson. . . .
1893 W. Q. Gresham.,1893 JohnG. Carlisle..l89;
1893 Richard Olnev. ..l*95i
D. S. Lamont...lS9S
*tWilliam McKinley..
1897
1897
John Sherman. . . lyv
Wm.R. Day 1897
John Hay 1898
Ly man J. Gage ..189"
R. A. Alger Ibtf
Elihu Root ISiXJ
Theodore Roosevelt . .
1901
Theodore Roosevelt. .
Charles W. Fairbanks
1901
1905
|john Hayt 1901
ElihuRoot 190=
Robert Bacon 190J
Ly man J. Gage.. 190 Elihu Root 1901
Leslie M. Shaw. .1902 Wm. H. Taft.. . 1-J04
G. B.Cortelyou.. 1907 Luke E.Wrightl908
William H. Taft
tJames 8. Sherman. . .
190S
1909
P.C. Knox 190i
F. MacVeagh 1909
J.M. Dickinson. 1SO9
H. L. Stimson..l911
Woodrow Wilson
lyii 1
Wm. J. Bryan.... 19K
! Robert Lansing.,191,
J W. G. McAdoo...l91i
>
L. M. Garrison. 19i:->
N. D. Baker.... 191ti
Thomas R. Marshall. .
191;
Elected two consecutive terms. fDied wkile in office. ^Resigned.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
77
PRESIDENTS AND THEIR CABINETS. CONTINUED.
Secretary of navy.
Secretary of interior.*
Postmaster-general .t
Attorney-general .
Sec. agriculture.*
Samuel Osgood....l789
Timothy Pickeringl791
Jos. Habersham....l795
E. Randolph 1789
Wm. Brad ford... 1794
Charles Lee 1795
Benj. Stoddert 179s
Jos. Habersham.... 1797
Charles Lee 1797
Theo. Parsons. . .1801
Benj. 8tocldert....l801
Robert Smith 180J
J. Crowniushield...l80c
Jos. Habersham.. .1801
Gideon Granger... 1801
Levi Lincoln 1801
Robt. Smith .1805
John Breck-
inridge 1805
C.A.Rodney 1807
Paul Hamilton.... 18&
William Jones 1812
B.W.Crowninshield.'U
Gideon Granger... 1809
R.J.Meigs.Jr 1814
C.A.Rodney 1809
Wm. Pinckney...l811
William Rush.. ..1814
B.W.Crowninshield.'17
Smith Thompson. .181
S.L. Southard 182?
R. J.Meigs, Jr 1817
J ohn McLean 1823
William Rush.... 1817
William Wirt.... 1817
S. L. Southard 182f
John McLean 1825
William Wirt.... 1825
John Branch 12SJ
LeviWoodburv....l831
Mahlon Dickefson.1834
Wm. T.Barry 1829
Amos Kendall 1835
John M.Berrien. 1829
Roger B.Taney. .1831
B.F.Butler 1833
Mahlon Dickerson.1837
Amos Kendall .... 1837
JohnM.Niles 1840
B. F. Butler 1837
Felix Grundy....l838
H. D. Gilpin 1840
George E. Badger.. 1841
Francis Granger. ..1841
J. J. Crittendeu.1841
George E. Badger.. 1841
AbelP.Upshur.. .1841
David Henshaw...l843
Thomas W.Gilmer.1844
John Y. Mason. ...1844
Francis Granger.. .1841
C. A. Wicklifle 1841
J. J. Crittenden.1841
Hugh S.Legare..l841
John Nelson 1843
George Bancroft... 1845
John T. Mason 1846
Cave Johnson 1845
John Y. Mason.. 1845
Nathan Clifford.. 184fi
Isaac Toucey 1848
William B.Preston. 1849
Thomas Ewing 1849
Jacob Collamer 1849
Reverdy Johnson 1849
William A.Graham.'SOThomae A.Pearce..l850
John P. Kennedy.. 1852i T - M - T - McKernonl850
A. H.H.Stuart.... 1850
Nathan K. Hall.. ..1850
Sain D.Hubbard... 1852
J. J. Crittenden.,1850
James C. Dobbin... 1853 Robt. McClelland.. 1853
James Campbell. . .1853
Caleb Cushing...l853i
Isaac Toucey 1857
Jacob Thompson.. 1857
Aaron V. Brown. .1857
Joseph Holt 1859
J.S. Black 1857
Edw. M. Stanton.1860
Gideon Welles 1861
Caleb B. Smith 1861 Montgomery Blair.1861
John P. Usher 1863 William Dennison.1864
Edward Bates... 1861
Titian J. Cotfey. .186i
James Speed 1864
Gideon Welles 1865
John P. Usher 1865 William Dennison.1865
Jamea Harlan 1865 A. W. Randall 1866
O. H. Browning. . . .1866
James Speed 1865
Henry Stanbery .1866
Wm.M. Evarts...l868
Adolph E. Borie.. .1869 1 Jacob D. Cox 1881)
George M.Iiobesonl869;Columbus Delano..l870i
Zach Chandler 1875
J. A.J.Creswell...l869
Jas. W.Marshall.. .1874
MarshallJewell...l874
James N. Tyner...l876
E. R. Hoar 186J
A. T. Ackerman.,1870
Geo. H.Williams. 1871
Edw. Pierrepont.1875
Alphonso Taft...l876
R. W. Thompson.. 1877
Nathan Goff. Jr.... 1881
Carl Schurz 1877
David M. Key 1877
Horace Maynard.,1880
Chas.Devens 1877
W. H. Hunt 1881
S. J.Kirkwood 1881
T.L. James 1881
W. Mac Veagh.... 1881
W.E. Chandler.... 1881
Henry M.Teiler.... 188)
T.O.Howe 1881
W. Q. Gresham 1883
Frank Hatton 1884
B.H.Brewster...l881
W. C. Whitney 1885
L. Q. C. Lamar 1885
Win. F. Vilas 1888
Wm. F. Vilas 1885
D.M.Dickinson 1888
A.H. Gar land.... 1885
N. J. Colman.1889
Benj. F.Tracy 1889
John W. Noble 1889
J. Wanamaker 1889
VV.H.H. Miller.. 1889
J.M. Rusk ..1889
Hilary A. Uerbertl893
Hoke Smith 1893
D.R.Francis 1896
W. S. Bissell 1893
W.L. Wilson 1895
R.Olney 1898
J. Harmon 1895
J.S. Morton. 1893
John D Long 1897
C. N. Bliss 1897
E.A.Hitchcock 1899
James A.Gary 1897
Chas.E. Smith 1898
J. McKenna... . 1897
J. W. Griggs 1897
P.C. Knox 1901
J. Wilson 1897
John D. Loner 1901
Wm. H. Moody 1902
Paul Morton 1904
C. J. Bonaparte. . . .1905
Victor H. Metcalf.1907
T.H. Newberry...l908
E.A.Hitchcock 1901
J. R. Garfield 1907
Chas.E. Smith 1901
Henry C.Payne. . . .1902
Robt. J.Wynne 1904
G.B.Cortelyou 1905
G. v.L.Meyer 1907
P.C. Knox 1901
W.H. Moody.. ..1904
C.J.Bonaparte ..1907
J.Wilson 1901
G. von L. Meyer. . .1909
R. A. Ballinger. . . .1909
W.L. Fisher 1911
F. H. Hitchcock... .1909
G.W.Wickersh'ml909
J.Wilson 1909
Josephus Daniels. 1913
F.K.Lane 1913
A. S.Burleson 1913
J.C.McReynolds.1913
Thos. W.Gregory. 1914
D.F.Houston.1913
Secretary of commerce and labor (department established Feb. 14, 1903) George B. Cortelyou.
1903; Victor H. Metcalf , 1904-1906; Oscar 8. Straus, 1907-1909; Charles Nagel, 1909. Secretary of Commerce,
Wm. C. Redfleld. 1913. Secretary of labor (dept. established March 4, 1913) William B. Wilson,_1913.
*This department was established by an act of congress M
1829. ^Established Feb. 11,1889.
,Uiiut:u jncuVU * loio; TT ii.ii4ii.ia jj. VY iiovu, *VM***
congress March 3, 1849. fNot a cabinet officer until
78
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
IMPORTS OF MERCHANDISE.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
Articles imported. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities.
Aluminum, crude Ibs. 15,964042 $2,707,172 13,765,172 $2,346,287 8,200,o28
Manufactures of 1.441.253 653,015
1 - >
Values.
$1,826,632
150,408
Animals
Antimony Ore Ibs.
2.664.425
9,633,639
24,712,111
145,917
526,324
"2, 123', 968
13,968,513
22,279,081
83,435
1,337,339
"9", 012] 895
23,611,206
18,649,079
948,769
7.091.423
Art works
35,010,449
18,475,577
Asbestos, unmanufact'd, tons
76*524
1,678,736
68,086
1,513,630
98,970
2,625,003
Asphaltum and bitumen.. tons
180,689
918,387
83,123
491,251
130.234
Beads and bead ornaments...
2,185,941
1,075,981
Bones, etc., unmanufactured..
1,061,466
911,473
Brass for remanufacture, Ibs.
7,241,670
773,443
7,172,637
663,070
34.705,604
Breadstuffs
Bristles Ibs.
'3,437,'i55
36,821,646
3,196,469
'4',662,"060
20,256,791
3,613,084
"S. 613', 084
3,627.042
Bronze, manufactures of
682 083
456,178
Brushes, dusters, hair pencils.
2.180,853
1,644,189
Buttons and parts of
2,082,029
1,004,794
788,902
Cars. etc. Automobiles No.
300
620,493
322
525.303
1,474
801,911
Parts of
812,083
847,109
Cement
364,141
160,737
347,334
132,764
19,997
9,182
Chemicals, drugs, dyes
88,039.120
79,249,970
109,106,634
Argols Ibs.
Quinia, sulphate of oz.
29,793,011
2,879,460
3,228,674
624,125
28,624,554
1,829,732
3,094,380
452,348
i;79l!738
5,306,246
1,118,056
Colors or dyes
7,241,406
5,851,887
3,340,592
Creosote oil gals.
Tanning extracts Ibs.
Glycerin Ibs.
Gums
60,900,435
102.139,127
36.409,619
3,839,062
2.850,236
4,486,415
12,741,609
87,828,646
126.641,515
17,620,509
2,593,681
3,879,424
2,186,755
11,842.654
40,498,392
86,973,203
10,621,403
3,206,780
5,815,348
2,232,494
14.826,537
Indigo Ibs.
Nitrate of soda tons
8.125,211
564,019
1,093,226
17,950,786
7,975,709
577,122
1,596,978
16,355,701
6.599,583
1,071,728
8,235,670
32,129,397
Clays or earth tons
345,419
2,246,807
306,054
1,983,812
2SS.235
l,70o,995
Clocks and parts of
905,421
705,555
234,796
Watches and parts of
3,386.738
3,039,651
^
3,362,728
Coal, bituminous tons
1,358,002
3,685,008
1.429.608
4,150,785
1,618,539
4,841,157
Cocoa or cacao (crude).... Ibs.
176.267,646
20,797.790
192,306,634
22,893,241
243.231.9K9
35,143,865
Prepared : Ibs.
3,096,445
706,193
2.427,561
584.915
2,347,162
660,377
Coffee Ibs.
1,001,528,317
110,725,392 1
,118,690.524
106,765,644
1,201,104
115,485,970
Copper Ore tons
444,907
10,137,244
339,564
8,548.401
448,211
15,959,269
Matte and regulus tons
Pigs, ingots, bars, etc.. Ibs.
Cork, unmanufactured
33,772
281,536,836
3.559,740
40,624,598
3,851,794
30,033
152,443,247
2,680,140
20,358,174
2,762,895
75.237
272,539,570
3,304,674
52,851,055
3,134,884
Manufactures of
2,647,838
2,024,059
941,243
Cotton, unmanufactured, Ibs.
123.346,899
19,456,588
185,204,579
23,208,960
232,801,062
40,150,342
Manufactures of
70,704,828
46,205.123
^
47,511,870
Diamonds, uncut
7.519,688
3,358,180
11.443,129
Cut. but not set
17,795,099
8,452,117
20,567,222
Total diamonds, precious
stones, etc
33.375,181
15,134,496
/7.
45,101,936
Drewoods tons
37,725
486.992
68,420
939,356
159,221
3,906,367
Earthen, stone and chinaware
10,629.178
8,681.472
5,837,206
Eggs doz.
5,832,592
1,059,592
3,046,631
438,760
732,566
110,638
Electric lamps
653,765
585,995
711,005
Explosives
857,337
492,060
1,320,738
Feathers, natural and artificial.
8.825,176
5,566,276
4,831,467
Fertilizers
23,150,146
10,348,006
6,327,495
Fibers, unmanufact'd tons
418.432
54,349,995
357,079
40,420,017
482.216
59,460,062
Manufactures of
82,404,239
61,567,669
68,444,735
Fish
18,758,143
18,398,249
17,455,266
Fruits and nuts
i.3,421,258
43,901,195
44,446,307
Furs, undressed
8 840,321
7,768,348
16,891,699
Manufactures of
5,652,973
2,758,140
3,208,183
Gelatin, unmanufactured, Ibs.
2,441,317
738,731
2,714,229
816,521
1,600,235
501,509
Glass and glassware
8.191,833
4,592,359
2,249,001
22,714,877
1,805,543
8,705,147
824,136
3,008,485
217,033
Gold and silver, manuf's of..
1,541,980
1,098,737
1,746.585
Grease and oils Ibs.
22,422,492
1,251,997
30,293,657
1,596,582
25,118,033
1.544,021
Hair, unmanufactured Ibs.
15,167,746
3,369.978
12,225,325
2,550,937
16.847,261
3,451,058
Hats, bonnets, and materials
for
12,102,245
10,127,429
11,175,490
Hay tons
170,786
1,634,390
20,187
28,906
43,184
679,412
Hides and skins Ibs.
561,070,686
120,289,781
538,317,733
104,177,106
743,669,860
158,861,376
Hide cuttings, raw glue stock
2,158,514
1,510,608
972,106
Hops Ibs.
5,382,025
2.790,516
11,651,332
2,778,735
675.704
144,627
Household goods, etc
5,244,088
6,956,376
5,719,869
India rubber, unmanufactured.
76,162,220
87,124,679
159,858,096
Manufactures of...
1,559,812
802,122
455,895
Iron Ore tons
2,167,662
6,984,577
1,193,114
3,823,843
1,425,717
4,618,601
Iron and steel, manufs. of..
31,790,851
22,712,660
23,393,250
Ivory, animal and vegetable..
2,221,998
1,179,856
2,130,136
Lead and manufactures of, Ibs.
60,423,419
1,996,627
83.269,140
2,601,548
86.832,575
3,736,010
Leather and manufactures of..
25,087,196
20,171,196
19,019,526
Manganese ore and oxide, tons
288,706
1,841,451
206,859
1,494,985
492,860
5,358,093
Matting and mats sq. yds.
25,370,152
2,097,009
18,949,582
1,574,404
14,008,198
- 1,326,571
Meat and dairy products
38,760,989
43,046,850
24,757,512
Metals nnd manuf's of n. e. s.
7,153,053
3,965,471
2,809,933
Musical instruments
2,076,734
1,262,140
566,315
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
79
Articles imported.
Nickel ore and matte tons
Oilcloths . . sq vds
, 1!
Quantities.
'4',e64,'37<
)14 , , 1915 v
Values. Quantities. Values.
$6,109,547 $5,074,783
I 1,829,596 2,648,148 1,199,662
47.020,573 35,725,051
2,325,222 1,959,108
8,571,207 4,817,583
27,563,840 25,818,920
11,075,659 670,101,061 13,119,912
$2,309,027 $2,473,144
2,626,268 1,768,483
1,472,871 1354397
, 1916 N
Quantities. Values.
56.987 $9,520.705
1.077,465 529,969
48,091.993
2,009.166
4,954,566
25.924.089
Oils of all kinds
Paper stock, crude
Paper and manufactures of
1'rintiu^ paper 'hs.
562,858,717
878,913,722
16,794,159
3,105,906
1.420,310
1,371,162
3.686.348
4.256,519
4,298,530
33,571.697
2,229.842
124,833,655
31,911,856
3,102,089
614,1:03
8,946,622
1,456,893
7,321.569
7,996,894
640,183
1.500,283
3.775,894
208,769,399
7,121,614
2,849,553
20,599,857
50,876,901
17,372,126
4,950,667
3,217,044
10.811,393
64.559,815
16,867,850
142,420,734
15,657,537
10,425,111
522,709
Photographic films and plates.
Pipes and smokers' articles...
Plants, trees and shrubs
Platinum and manuf's of
3,597,008
3,975,572
3,748,666
1,630,602
24,868
1,846,126
20,084.184
17,068
1,387,873
23 084,820
31,047
Seeds .
Shells, unmanufactured
1,822,885
100,930,025
1,328,673
83,130,557
Manufactures of
35,454,786
25.042,670
4 081 830
3,587,170
749,387
5,926,972
1.587,398
5,570,322
6,247,183
720.316
1 670 358
820,613
5,595,509
2,967,029
7,263,848
10 116 669
Spice . . . Ibs.
56.574.499
7,177,233
4,160,843
60,084,644
3,35], 104
3,289,737
82,880,337
2,612,735
3,953,499
Spirits Milted liquors. . .gals.
Distili-vl spirits gals.
1,000,005
577,735
2 303 789
51,410,271
5.066,S21,873
832,134
1,744,719
101,649,373
3,695,335
1,566 001
70.8S9.623
5,420,981.867
844,659
1.963,505
173,992.603
4,107.249
1 343 066
85,716,673
5.633,161,749
1,375,041
Sulphur ore tons
Tanning materials
Tea . . Ibs
91,130,815
100,177,962
60,107.512
16,735,302
39,422.479
35,029.055
5,357,806
9,084,019
96,987,942
94,864,623
45,764,728
17,512,619
30,777,617
27,156,665
4,501,511
8,085,363
109,865,935
143.984,269
42,943,027
Tin Ibs
Tobacco Leaf Ibs.
Manufactures of
Tovs
Vegetables
15,133 535
62,433,039
17,023,338
53,190,767
34,294,204
251.479
364,472
9 329 732
Wood and manufactures of...
Vos'.sVo
247,648,869
""l8, 280
""587.9?2
308,083,429
"'79,'8i4
60,734,755
19.881,111
68.242,568
29,791,356
1,818,140
272,672
'"507,645
534,828,022
'"29i,'2'6'4
Wool, unmanufacttired Ibs.
Manufactures of
Zinc Ore and calamine, tons
In blocks and manuf's of....
Total value mdse..|^^
1,127,502,699
766,422,958
1,033,526,675
640,643,065
1,492,663,786
705,219,724
Total value imports.* 1,893,925,657 1,674,169,740
Including articles not specified In above table.
2.197.883.510
EXPORTS OF DOMESTIC MERCHANDISE.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
Articles exported. ^Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values.
Abrasives $2,114,632 $1,802,248
Agricultural implements 31,965,789 10,304,978
Aluminum and manufa's of 1 101 990 3.245.799
Quantities. Values.
$3,333,338
17,611,297
5,644,349
21,666 2,583,765
22,048 238,718
357,553 73.531,146
111,915 22,946,312
52.278 231.535
Animals Cattle No
18,376
10,122
22,776
4,883
152.000
647,288
133,751
3,388,819
690,974
534,543
5.484
7,799
289,340
65,788
47.213
702,847
93,037
64,046,534
12,726,143
182.278
Horses No.
Mules ... No
Sheep No.
Total animals, including
fowls
Art works
5,803,659
1 415 302
77,953,686
298,321
535,027
616,240
400,154
576,442
20,544,549
18,184,079
702,509
39,339,064
1,923,214
2,406.068
57,479,964
14,733,409
333,552,226
94,869,343
99,662,813
404,529
1,019,083
830.946
510,290
720.728
164.876.044
20,663.532
787,567
30.780.887
1,601.258
1.885,622
47,993.096
15.374,499
215,532.681
87.347.805
435,696,629
7,002.005
97.464.381
22.536.485
24,119,536
2,541,479
3.369.613
Asbestos manufactures of
687,073
1,131,086
362,347
783,120
7,472,476
4,253,129
728,447
7,008,028
1,185,891
569.204
757,527
1,555,012
87,953,456
54.454,175
Asphaltum, unmanufact'd, tons
49,831
28,553
42,754
Athletic and sporting goods
26',754,'522
11,687,452
48,786,291
470,503-
68,034,978
97,169,551
12,544.888
259,642,533
16,182,765
27',473,'i66
11,433.410
38,217,012
419.979
54,748,747
95,921.620
14.532.437
173,274.015
15.520.669
BreadstufFs Barley . . . bu.
6,644,747
, 12.645,551
9,380,855
336,241
15,998,286
1,859,949
2,222.734
92,393,775
Bread and biscuit Ibs..
Cornmeal brls.
Oatmeal . . . lb?.
Oats . . bu
Rve bu
Wheat bu.
Wheat flour brls.
11,821,461.
Total breadstuffs (all
kinds) . .
165,302,385
226,149
26,574,574
6,624,232
7,409,558
3.768,208
1.234.194
573,823,676
1 541 446
Cars, etc. Aeroplanes and
parts of
Automobiles No.
29,090
37,836
'"s'.iee
60,254,635
7,853.183
1,707,830
1,705,965
1.494.176
77,496
" " iV. 500
Parts of
Steam railroad cars
Other railroad cars
Motorcycles . ...No.
6,410
80
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Articles exported.
Wagons No.
, 1914
Quantities.
18,883
Values.
$1,121,389
, 1915
Quantities.
9,056
Values. <
$1,118,868
19K
Quantities.
11,153
'> v
Values.
$1,018,290
Total cars, etc. (all
85 108 341
167,742,608
Celluloid and manuf's of
Cement, hydraulic brls.
Chemicals
' 2',39i,'453
1,387,541
3,382,282
27,079,092
'^sei.'is'i
722.830
3,241,686
46,380,986
' 2',746,'596
2,328,142
3,780,564
124.362,167
Clocks and watches
Coal tons
19,664,080
3,013,149
59,921,013
18,095,183
55,906,140
22,632,867
65,958.275
Coke tons
742,476
$2, 789, 814
602,473
$2,304,475
976,398
3,779.445
336 940
1,901.166
1,668,657
Coffee Green or raw Ibs.
Roasted or prepared Ibs.
Confectionery
52,649,233
1,815,835
77 416
8,850,642
427,009
1,329,147
3 257 089
49,177,146
2,421,664
'"16447
6,841,575
461.030
1,222,794
220,147
35.421,530
1,851,100
'"91, '201
5,369.753
378,268
1,904,101
603.878
1 3 9 7 037
3 319 230
173,946,226
Cotton, unmanufactured, bales
9,165,300
610,475,301
51 467 - '33
8,426,297
376,217,972
71,973,497
5,955,834
374,186,247
112,053,127
Dental goods
Earthen, stone and chinaware
16",i48!849
2,679,170
4,353,241
3,734,087
20', 784 i 424
1,382,928
2,764,438
5.003,764
26,396! 206
2.055,629
3.607,824
6.134,441
Electrical machinery
Explosives Cartridges
Dvnamite Ibs.
14.464,601
25,060.844
3,521,533
1,587,184
"7',7i2;999
19,771,757
17,714,205
924,079
20,104,864
30,254.02ft
37.083.488
3.893.67S
Gunpowder . . Ibs.
989,385
247,200
7,686,480
5,091.542
212,821,076
173.736.374
All other
916,280
17,746,362
252,368,391
Total explosives
Fertilizers tons
1 539 472
6,272,197
11 978 738
.. ..*
358 588
41.476,188
3 870 887
421,981
467,081,928
5.343,497
Fibers
12,575,470
12,268,556
21,377,276
Fish
12,842,173
31 850 392
12,870,790
34 9''3 117
36,965.328
Furs and fur skins
Glass and glassware
14.969.371
3 729 6 -) 3
3.794,459
5 558 717
9,288,786
12,321,338
Glucose and grape sugar, Ibs.
Jewelry
199,530,874
4,565,919
1 005 9 85
158,462,508
3,885,233
634 387
186,386,182
4,734,961
329.818
Grease, lubricating
Soap stock and other
Hair and manufactures of
Hay tons
50 isi
2,394,918
5,046,959
1,429,794
827 9 05
"ios'do's
2,384,395
4,266,097
1.579,041
'" 178 336
3,994,436
3.156,568
2.458.328
3,267,028
Hides and skins other than
furs . . . Ibs
19 S67 135
2 807 253
4 9 9 3 180
4 685 724
7 122 019
3 875 251
24 262 896
6*953' 529
16 210 443
3 848 0''0
22 409 818
4 383 999
Household and personal effects
India rubber, manuf's of
7,919,925
12,441,220
1 760 861
4,292,504
14,767,513
2 431 088
4.190,875
35,180,096
5 868 155
1 004 547
3 401 156
407 057
1 277 563
94 9
2 796 606
Iron and steel and manufac-
tures of
251,480.677
3 442 297
225,888.358
9 474 947
621,209,453
18 065 485
Lamps, chandeliers, etc
2,806,034
2 222 747
3 155.444
Lead manufactures of
2 610 207
1 117 875
13 787 774
Leather and manufactures of
Meat and dairy products
3 464 733
57,566,261
461 901
75 274 608
120,727,156
11 974 673
50 416 690
146,613,815
9 353 450
Beef fresh Ibs
6 394 404
788 793
170 440 934
21 731 633
231 215 075
28 886 115
Beef' cured Ibs.
23,265,974
2 289*516
31 874 743
3 382 670
38 060 68'
4 034 195
Oleo oil Ibs.
97 017 065
10 156 665
80 481 946
9 341 188
10 9 645 914
12 519 115
2 532 821
263 453
5 252 183
617 035
5 4 9 6 221
640 480
Tallow Ibs.
15,812,831
1 002 Oil
20 239 988
1 386 445
16 288 743
1 326 472
Bacon . .. Ibs.
193 964 252
25 879 056
346 718 227
47 305 129
579 808 786
78 615 616
165 881 791
23 767 447
203 701 114
29 049 931
2go 208 611
40 803 022
Lard Ibs.
481 457,792
54,402 911
475 531 908
52 440 132
427 Oil 338
47,634,376
Neutral lard Ibs.
29,323 786
3 270 236
26 021 054
3 0" 321
34 426 590
4 050,397
3 074 303
49'' 8 9 2
4 644 418
745*928
9 610 732
1 815 586
Pork pickled Ibs
45 543 085
4 896*574
45 655 574
4 911*307
63 460 713
6 752 356
Pork fresh Ibs.
2,668,020
359 181
3 908 193
473 801
63 005 524
7 5 9 3,408
58 303 564
5 489 139
69 980 614
6 045 752
52 483 311
5 147 434
Mutton . Ibs
4 685 498
523 023
3 877 413
448 221
5 552 918
696 882
913 63 9
1 561 398
Sausage canned Ibs.
1 446 582
202 120
1 821 958
307 726
6 823 085
1 269,866
All other . Ibs
4 562 983
755 794
5*183 525
845 661
8 590 236
1 73 9 231
30 092 206
4 077 882
30 818 551
4 859 815
14 708 893
2 867 681
Stearin
2*724 181
34 121
12 750 907
1 308 66*
13 06 9 247
1 461 661
Butter Ibs.
3,693 597
877 453
9 850 704
2 39 9 480
13,503 279
3 592 415
Cheese ... . . Ibs
2 427 577
414 124
54 069 917
8 247 174
44 394 251
7 430 089
Milk, condensed Ibs.
16,209,082
1,341,140
37,235,627
3,066,642
155,734,322
12,404,384
Total meat and dairy
products
Motor boats . . . . No.
400
146,227,780
519 584
164
220,052,990
273 516
264
291,057,602
800 9 31
Musical instruments
Naval stores (rosin, tar, etc.).
3,358,'631
19,882,165
2,048.715
11,127,239
3,454,064
13 503 607
Nickel, oxide and matte, Ibs.
Oil cake and meal Ibs.
Oils Animal .. gals.
28,895,242
1.530,358,450
1 450 600
9.403,709
21,667,672
822 233
29,599,612
2,057,786,452
832 096
11,110,699
28,879,051
547 074
25,649,995
1,746,710.630
1 9 22 199
9.876,403
28,541.304
871 017
2 281 611 065
152 174 056
2 187 340 610
133 G93 275
2 443 478 083
"166 4 9 3 230
Vegetable
Paints, pigments and colors..
16,251,486
7,256,318
25,831,745
7,387.609
27,167,220
11,417,814
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
81
Articles exported.
19
H ^
19
15 ^
, 19
16 x
Papr stock (except wood '
pulp) Ibs.
Quantities.
40,646,323
Values. <
$740,294
Quantities.
26.398,801
Values.
$440,290
Quantities.
24.155,376
Values.
$454,113
Paper and manufactures of...
Paraffin and paraffin wax, Ibs.
186,357,728
20,663,634
6,516,338
330.374,056
19,848.358
10,589.843
360,650,114
29,111,004
12.873,250
Perfumeries, cosmetics, etc..
1,620,872
1.715,059
2,903,063
Phonographs, etc
2,512,320
1,563,109
2,138,437
Photographic goods
,...,
9,431,800
8,276,291
15,986.066
1,029,127
880,944
1,552.535
gait Ibs.
149,123,465
542,783
165,619,366
616,132
165,627,801
600,648
3,190,745
3,861,064
3.538,508
2,307,605
2,745,396
5,204.813
4,939,002
4,858,299
6,319,758
Spirits Malt liquors
Distilled gals.
1,783,918
941,357
1,485,176
2,275.832
373,412
1,592,798
819,310
1,082.112
1,982,019
332,369
26,283,904
1,133,274
1,064,627
11,062.386
450,598
Starch Iks.
76,713,779
1,825,230
107,036,638
2,939,453
210,185,192
5,576,914
Stone, including marble
Sugar, etc. Molasses gals.
Sirup gal*.
Su^ar refined Ibs.
1,002,441
11.630,258
50,895,726
2,146,758
175,498
1,491,639
1,839,983
1,148,741
11,439,133
549,007,405
1,265.516
145,274
1,653,495
25,615,016
'V, 387', 369
10,031,693
1,630,150,863
1,439,044
524,861
2,107,068
79,390,147
Surgical appliances
Tin. manufactures of
Tobacco, unmanufactured.. Ibs.
Manufactures of
449.749,982
1,228.467
1,477,584
53,963,670
7,489,811
809,120
348,346,091
4,418,303
1,786,038
44,493,829
6,468,688
929,864
441,569,581
3,166.718
3,088,873
53,163,595
6.944,147
2.030,089
Vegetables
Wood and manufactures of..
Wool, manufactures of
6,936,400
103,179,640
4,790,087
406,208
10,813 151
49,943,537
27,327,451
21,243,935
15,952,412
60,707,229
53,983,655
45,867,156
' Total value exports of
domestic mdse.*
2,329,684,025
2,716,178,465
4,272.397.774
Total value exports of
foreign mdrfe
34.895,123
52,410,875
61,261,091
Total value exports, ex-
cept gold and silver...
2,364,579,148^
2,768,589,340
4,333,658,865
SUMMARY Or IMPORTS ? .
IMPORTS.
Free of duty Crude materials for use in
LND EXPORTS OF MERCHANDISE,
ars ended June 30.
, 1914. . , 1915. x , 1916. v
Per ct. Per ct. Per ct.
$549,061,406 48.70 $506,611,830 49.02 $846,653,276 56.72
201,868,045 17.90 196,762,824 19.04 217,246,847 14.56
' 37,201,700 3.30 51,073,388 4.94 35,821,684 2.40
200,925,040 17.82 161,780,841 15.65 258,096,935 17.29
127,508,163 11.31 106,875,997 10.34 123,458,696 8.27
10,938,345 .97 10,421,795 1.01 11,386,348 .76
Foodstuffs in crude condition and food
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured.
Manufactures ready for consumption
1,127,502,699 100.00
83.8W.454 10.93
46,079,576 6.01
190,442,629 24.85
118,350,448 15.44
321,810,051 41.99
5,935,800 .78
1,033,526,675 100.00
68,745,314 10.73
27,166,740 4,23
234,651,703 36,63
75,395.681 11.77
229,000.631 35,75
5,682,996 .89
1,492,663.786 100.00
97,451.952 13.82
34,586,947 4.90
273,887,033 38.84
101,344.566 14.37
191,894,938 27.21
6,054,288 .88
Dutiable Crude materials for use in rnanu-
Foodstuffs in crude condition and food
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Manufactures for further use in mfg
Manufactures ready for consumption
766,422,958 100.00
632,865,860 33.42
247,947,621 13.09
227,644,329 12.02
319,275,488 16.86
449.318,214 23.72
16,874,145 .89
640,643,065 100.00
575,357,144 34.38
223,929.564 13.38
285,725,091 17.07
237,176,522 14.17
335,876,628 20.04
16,104,791 .96
705,219,724 100.00
944.105,228 42.96-
251,833,794 11.46
309.708,717 14.0
359,441,501 16.35
315,353,634 14.35
17.440,636 .79
Freeand dutiable Crude materials for use
Foodstuffs in crude condition and food
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Manufactures for further use in mfg
Manufactures ready for consumption
1,893,925,657 100.00
59.53
1,674,169,740 100.00
61.70
2,197,883,510 100.00
67.91
Duties collected from customs
Average ad valorem rate of duty, based on
292,128,528
15 32
209,268,109
I 9 69
211,866,222
9.72
Remaining in warehouse at the end or t
mODth EXPORTS.
Domestic Crude material for use in mfg..
Foodstuffs in crude condition and food
792,716,109 34.03
137.495,121 5.90
293,218,336 12.59
374,224,210 16.06
724,908,000 31.11
7,122,249 .31
510,455,540 18.80
507,003,179 18.66
454,565,404 16.73
355,862.329 13.10
807,465,511 29.73
80,826,502 2.98
536,189,752 12.55
380.799,902 8.91
596,071,882 13.95
662,549,838 15.51
1,996,367,492 46.73:
100,418,908 2.35.
Foodstuffs partly or wholly manufactured
Manufactures for further use in mfg
Manufactures ready for consumption
2,329,684,025 100.00
34,895,123
2,364,579.148
470,653,491
4,238,504,805
2,716,178,465 100.00
52,410,875
2,768,589,340
1,094,419.600
4,442,759,080
4,272.397,774 100.00
61,261,091
4,333, 6-"8.865
2.135,775,355
6.531,542,375
Total foreign
Total exports
Excess of exports
Total imports and exports
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS INTO AND FROM THE UNITED STATES.
From Oct. 1, 1790, to June 30. 1915.
FISCAL YEAR.*
MERCHANDISE.
SPECIE.
IDSE. AND SPECIE COMBINED.
Imports.
Exports.
'xcess of im-
ports (rom.j
or export*
(italics).
Imports,
gold and
silver.
Exports,
gold and
silver.
Total
imports.
Total
exports.
Excess of im-
ports (roman)
or export*
(italics).
1790
$23,000.000
29,200,000
31,500,000
31.100,000
34.600,000
69,756,268
81.436,164
75,379,406
68.5?1.700
79,069,148
91,252,768
111,363,511
76,33*^33
64,066,666
85,000,000
120.600,000
129.410.000
138.500,000
56.990.000
59,400,000
85.400.000.
53,400,000
77.030.000
22,005.000
12,965.000
113,041,274
147.103.000
99.250.ooo
121.750,000
87.125,000
74.450.000
54.520,834
79,871.695
7'* 481 371
$20,205,156
19.012.041
20.753,098
26.109,572
33.043,725
47,989.872
53.574.625
51.294,710
61,327,411
78,665,522
70.971,780
93.020.513
71,957.144
55.800.033
77.699.074
95.566.021
101.536,963
108.3i3.150
22,430.960
52.203,233
66.757.970
61.316.832
38.5-27.2ii6
27,856.017
6,927.441
52.557.7W
81,920,052
87,671.569
93.281.133
70.142,521
69.691,669
51,596.323
61.350,101
68.326.043
68,972.105
90.738.333
72.890.789
74,309.947
64.021.210
67.434.651
71.670.735
72,295.652
81.520.603
87.528.732
102.260,215
115,215,802
124.338.704
111.443,127
104.978.570
112.251.673
123,668,932
111.817.471
99,877.995
82.825,689
105,745.832
106.040,111
109.583.248
15ti.741.598
138.190.515
140,351.172
144.375.72b
188,915.259
166.984 .231
203,489,282
237.043.764
218.909,503
281.219.423
293.823.760
272.011.274
292.90J.051
333.576.057
219.553.833
190.670.501
203.9ti4.447
158.837.988
166,029,303
348.859.52L
294.506.141
281. 952.891)
28ti.117.697
392.771,768
442.820.178
444.177.586
$2,794.84 1
10.187 ,95i;
10.74ti.90-'
4.990,428
1,556,275
21.766.396
22.3til.539
24.084.69t;
7,224,289
403.626
20.280.988
18.342.998
4.376.189
8.866.633
7.300,921'.
25.033.979
27,873.037
38.156,850
34,559,041'
7.193,767
18.642.030
7.916.832
38.502.764
5.851,017
6.037,559
60.483,521
65.182.948
11.578.431
28.468,867
16,982.479
4,758,331
75,489
18.521.594
4,155,328
3,197,067
649,023
5.202.722
2.977,009
16,998,873
345,736
8.949,779
23.589.527
13.601.158
13.519,211
6.349,485
21.548,493
52.240.450
19,029,676
9.W/8.2K2
44.245.285
25.410,226
11.140.073
3.802.924
40.392.225
3.141,226
7.144,211
8,330,817
34.317.249
10,448.129
855.027
29.133.800
21.856,170
40,456.167
60.287.983
60.760.030
38.899.205
29.212,887
54.604.582
8,672,62(1
38.431.29C
20.040.062
69.756.709
1.313.284
39.371.368
L57.609.29i
72.716.277
85.952.544
101.254.95c
75,483.541
131.388.685
43,186.641
77.403,50t
182.417.491
$23,000.000
29,200.000
31.500,000
31100,090
34,600,000
69,756.268
81,436.164
75.379.406
68,551,700
79.069.148
91.252.768
111,363,611
76.333,333
64.666.606
85.000.000
120.600.000
129,410000
138.500.000
66,990.000
69,400.000
85.400.000
53.400.000
77.030.000
22.005.000
12.965.000
113,041.274
147,103.000
99.250.000
121 750 000
$20.205.156
19.012.041
20,7513,098
26,109.572
33.043.725
47.989.872
58,574.625
51,294.710
61.327,411
78,665,022
70.971.780
93.020,513
71.957,144
55.800,033
77.699.074
95.566.021
101.536,963
108.343.150
22.430,960
52.203.233
66.757.970
61.316,832
38.527.236
27.856.017
6,927.441
62,557.763
81.920.052
87.671.569
93.281.133
70.142.521
69.691.669
65.074,382
72,160.281
74.699.030
75.986,657
99,535.388
77,595.352
82.324.827
72,204,686
72,358.671
73.849.508
81.310,583
87,176.943
90.140.433
104,336.973
121.693,577
128,663,040
117.419.376
108.486,616
121.028,416
132.085.946
121.851.803
104.691.534
84.346.480
111.200.046
114.646,606
113,488.516
158.648.622
154.032,131
145,755,820
151.898.720
218.388.011
209,658.366
230,976,157
278,325.268
275. 156.846
326.964.908
3ti2.960.68--
324.644.421
356.789,462
400.122.21H
249.344,913
227.558,14
268.121.058
264,234.529
2:3.672.529
434.903.593
355.374.5W
375.737.00
343.256,07-
450.927.434
541.262.16t
524,055.12C
$2.794,844
10,187,959
10,746,902
4,990,428
1.556.275
21.766,396
22.861,539
24,084,696
7224.289
403,626
20,280.988
18,342.998
4.376,189
8,866.633
7,300.926
25.033,979
27.873,037
30,156,850
34.559.040
7.196,767
18.642,030
7.916.832
38.502,764
5.851.017
6.037,559
60.483.521
65,182.948
11.578.431
28.468.867
16,982,479
4,758.331
2.488,658
11.081.260
2.880.237
4,561.485
3.195,3i3
7,379,125
2.840,759
16.245,1:38
2,133.858
2,972,588
21,880.541
13.852,323
17.977.878
22,184,359
28,202,165
61.316.995
23,569.841
6.230,788
41,063,716
24.944,427
6.094,374
4,529.447
19.592.681
2,765.011
2.607.958
8.203.281
12,102.984
966.797
2,101.619
26.239,598
2,163,079
3.287,076
37.002,490
26.237.113
13.6S8.326
12.324,966
2,070,541
42.031,271
In. 02 1,332
37,956,042
86.305.240
21,786.412
15.201,138
65.328.368
14.883.123
10,608.565
62.457.058
4.112,193
94.058.178
11,450.153
231.542
116.283,646
1791
1792
U93 ...
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799 ...
1800
1801
1802
Specie inc
mercnam
to If
uded "with
Use prior
1803
1804
1805 .
1806 . .
1807 ...
1808....
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814...,
1815....
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820 :.. .
87.125.000
74.450.000
62.585,724
83.241.541
77.579.267
80,548.142
96.340.0,5
84.974.477
79,484.068
88.509,824
74.492.527
70.876.920
103,191,124
101,029,266
108,118,311
126,521.332
149,895.742
189.980,035
140.989.217
113,717,404
162.092.132
107.141.519
127.946.177
100.162.087
64,753.799
108.435.035
117.254.564
121.691,797
146,545.638
154.998.928
147,857.439
178.138.318
216.224.932
212.945.442
267,978,647
304,562.381
261,468.520
314,639,942
3t 50,890.141
282,613.1.50
338,768,130
362.ltk5.254
335,650,153
205.771,729
252.919,920
329.5ti2.895
248.555.652
445,512,158
417.831.571
371,624,808
437.314,255
462.377,587
541.4a3.708
640.338.76fc
1821...
$8.064.890
3,369.846
5,097.896
8,378,970
6.150,765
6,8804*6
8.151,130
7,489.741
7.403,612
8,155.964
7,305,945
5,907,504
7,070,368
17,911,632
13.131,447
13.400.881
10.516.414
17.747,116
5,595,176
8.882,813
4.988.633
4.087.016
22.320.335
5,830.429
4.070.242
3,777,732
24,121.289
6,360.284
6,651.240
4.628.792
5.453,503
5.505,044
4,201,382
6,758,587
3,659.812
4,207,632
12.461.799
19.274,496
7,434.789
8.550.135
46.339.611
16.415,052
9,584,105
13.115.612
9,810,072
10.700,092
22.070,475
14.188.368
19,807.876
26.419.179
21,270,024
13.743.689
$10.478,059
10,810.180
6.372.187
7.014.552
8.797.055
4,704,563
8,014,880
8.243,476
4,924.020
2,178.775
9,014.981
5,656.340
2,611,701
2,076,758
6.477,775
4,324.336
5,976,249
3.508,046
8,776,743
8.417,014
10,034,332
4.813.539
1,520,791
5,454.214
8,606,495
3.905.268
1.907,024
15,841,616
5,404,648
7.522,994
29.472,752
42,674.135
27.486.875
41.281,504
56,247,343
45,745,485
69.136.922
62.633.14-
63,887.411
66.546,239
29.791.080
36,887.640
64,156,61
105.396.54
67.643.226
86,044.07
60.868,372
93.784,10'
57.138.3SC
58,155,661
98,441,986
79,877,534
1822
1823
1824
72.169.172
90,189,310
78,093.511
71.332.938
81.020.083
67,088.915
62.720,956
95.885.1TO
95.121.762
101,047,943
108.609,700
136.764.295
176,579,154
130.472.803
95,970.288
156.41)0,956
98.258.706
1?2,957.544
96.075,071
42,433,464
182H
1827
1828 . .
1829....
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836 ...
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843....
1844
102.604.606
113,184,322
117.914.065
122,424.349
148.638.644
141,206.199
173.509,526
210,771.429
207.440.398
2-W.777.265
297.803.794
257,808,708
310,432.310
34S.428.342
263^38,654
331,333,341
353.616.119
289.310.542
189,356.677
243.335.815
316.447.283
238,745.580
434.812.06b
395,761,01)6
357.436.440
417,506,379
435.958,408
520^28,684
626,595.077
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849....
1850 ...
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
185*5 ..
1857
1858
1859
I860
1861
1862....
1863
1864
1865
1866.. .
1867 "...
1868
1869
1870
1871..
1872
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
TOTAL VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS.-CONTINUED.
FISCAL YEAR.
MERCHANDISE.
SPECIE.
MDSE. AND SPECIE COMBINED.
Imports.
Exports.
Excess of im-
potts (rom.)
or exports
(italics).
Imports,
gold and
silver.
Exports,
gold and
silver.
Total
imports.
Total
exports.
Excess of im-
ports (roman)
or exports
(italics).
1873..
$642,136.210
567,406.342
533.005,436
460,741,190
451.323,126
437.051.532
445.777.775
667.954,746
642.664.628
724.639,574
723.180.914
667.697.693
577,527.329
635.436,136
692.319,768
723,957,114
745.131,652
789.310,409
844.916,196
827,402,462
866,400,822
654.994,622
731.969,965
779,724,674
764,730.412
C.16,049.654
697.148,489
849,941,184
823,172.165
903,320,948
1,023.719,237
991.037.371
1,117,513,071
.226,563,843
1,434,421,425
,194,341,792
1,311,920.224
1.556.947.430
1.527.226, 105
.653,354.934
.812.978,234
.893,925.657
.674.169,740
2,197.883.510
$522,479,922
586,283.040
513,442,711
540,384.671
602.475,220
694,865,766
710,439,441
835,638,658
902,377,346
750.542,257
823,839,402
740,513,609
742,189.755
679.524,830
716.183,211
695,954.507
742,401.375
857,828,684
884,480,810
1,030.278,148
847.665.194
892,140.572
807,538.165
'882.606.938
1,050,993.556
1,231.482.330
1,227,023.302
1.394,483.082
1,487,764.991
1, 3-4.719.401
1,420.141.679
1,460.827.271
1,518.561,666
1.743,864.500
1,880.853,078
1.860,773,346
1.663.011,104
1.744.984,720
2,049,320.199
2,204,322,409
2.465,884,149
2.364.579,148
2,768.589.340
4.333.658,865
$119.656.288
18.876.698
19.562.725
79.643.481
151.152.094
257.814.234
264.661.666
167,683.912
259.712.718
25.902.683
100.658.488
72.815,916
164.6G?.42C
44.088.694
23.863.443
28.002.607
2.730.277
68,518.275
39,564.614
202.875.686
18.735.728
237.145.950
75.568,200
102.882.264
286.263.144
615.432.676
529.874,813
544,541,898
664.592.826
478,398.453
394,422.442
469,739,900
401.048.595
517,300.657
446,429.653
666.431,554
351,090,880
188.037.290
522.094.094
550,967,475
652,905,915
470.653,491
1,094.419,6001
2.135,775.355
$21,480,937
28.454,906
2fl.900.717
15.936.681
40.774.414
29.821,314
20.296,000
93.034,310
110.575.497
42,472.390
28.489.391
37,426,262
242.323
593.656
170,792
59.337,986
28.963.073
33.976,326
36,259,447
69,654.540
44.367,633
85.735,671
56.595.939
62,302.251
115.548,007
151.319.455
119,629,659
79.829.486
102.437.708
80,253.508
69,145.518
126,824,182
81,133,826
140.664,270
157,456,873
192.995,418
87.958,799
88,557.099
119.544.262
95.986,719
110.462,541
96.865,263
200,679,078
528.163,676
$84,(W8.574
66,630.405
92,132.142
56.5W5.302
56,162.237
33,740,125
24.997,441
17,142,919
19,406,847
49,417.479
31,820,333
67,133.383
42.231.525
72.463.41U
35,991 ,691
46,414,183
96,641.533
52.148,420
108.953,642
83,005,886
149,418.163
127,429,326
113,763,767
172,951.617
102.308,218
70.511,630
93.841,141
104.979.034
117,470.357
98,301.340
91,340.854
130,932,688
141.442,836
103,442,654
108,138.249
130,354,126
147.214,610
173.850,076
87.259,611
122,219,013
149.376,933
167,003.552
197.166,335
150,041.071
$663,617,147
595,861.248
553,906.153
476,677.871
492.097,540
466.872.846
466,073,775
760.989,056
753,240.125
767.111.964
751,670.305
705,123.955
620.769.652
674,029,792
752,490.51)0
783,295,100
774,094,725
823,286,735
881,175,643
897,057,002
910,768.555
740,730.293
788,565.904
842.026.925
880.278.419
767.369.109
816,778,148
929.770.670
925,609.873
983,574,456
1,094,864.755
1,117,911,553
1.198,646,897
1,367,228.113
1,591,878.298
1,387,337.210
1,399,879,023
1,645,504,529
1.646,770.367
1,749.341,653
1,923.440,775
1,990.790,920
1.874.848,818
2.726,047.186
$607,088,496
652,913,445
605.574,853
596.890,973
658,637.457
728,605,891
735.436,882
852,781,577
921.784,193
799,956,736
855,659.735
807.646.992
784,421,280
751,988,240
752.180.902
742.368.690
839,042,908
909.977,104
993.434.452
1,113.284.034
997,083.357
1.019.569.898
921,301,932
1.055.558.555
1,153.301.774
1.301.993.960
1.320.864.443
1,499.462,116
1,605,235,348
1,480.020,741
1.520,482,533
1.591.759.959
1.660,004,502
1,847.307,154
1,988,989,327
1,991,127,472
1.810.225.714
1.918.734,796
2,136,579,810
2.326,541.422
2,615.261,082
2.531,582,700
2,965,755.675
4,483,699,93b
$56,528,651
57,052.197
51,668.700
120.213,102
166.539.9n
261,733,049
269,363,107
91,792.521
168.544.068
32.847.772
103,989.430
102,523.037
163,651,628
77.958,448
309.658
40,926,410
64.948.183
86.690.369
112.258,809
216,227.032
86,314.802
278.839,605
132,736.028
213,531.630
273,023.355
534.624.851
504,086,295
669.691,446
679,625,475
496,436.285
425,617,778
473,848.406
I461.357.60S
520.079.041
397,111.0*9
603.790,662
410,346,691
273.230367
489.809.443
.377,199.769
691.820.307
540.791.780
1.090.906.857
1.757,652.750
1874....
1875
1876
1877
1878.. .
1879 ...
1880
1881
JQOQ
1884
1885 . .
1886...
1887
1888....
1889
1890
1892 . .
1894
1895
1896
1897 ::.
1898
1899
1900
1901 ..
1902. . . .
1903....
1904...
1905. . . .
1906....
1907 :::.
1908
1909
1910.
1911...
1912...
1913....
1914
1915
1916
Fiscal year ended Sept. 30 prior to 1843; since that date ended June 30.
NOTE Merchandise and specie are combined in I showing the total inward and outward movement
the columns at right of table for the purpose of I of values by years.
GOLD AND SILVER.
Metal. 1914. 1915. 19
Gold Imports ..$66,538,659 $171,568,755 $494,
Exports 112,038,529 146,224,148 90,
Silver Imports.. 30,326,604 29.110,323 34,
Exports 54,965,023 50,942,187 59,
VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXI
Fiscal -
16. V
009,301 Ent
249,548 St
154,375 i Clef
791,523 ! St
'ORTS OF
years ended
TONNA
3ssels. 1914.
ered Sailing ... 2,443,4
earn 50 945 1
GE.
1915. 1916.
77 2,348.851 2,906,647
10 44,361,615 48,657,320
45 2,486,440 3,053,218
64 44,398,648 49,379,083
COUNTRIES.
ired Sailing 2,455,3
earn 50,728,0
MERCHANDISE BY
June 30.
Countries.
Europe Austria-Hungary
Azores and Madeira islands.
Belgium
1914.
$20,110,834
537,181
41,035,532
308,840
3,269,735
116,876
141,446,252
189,919,136
15,110
3,866,594
86,813
56,407,671
18,813
36,294,010
9,197,265
6,165,065
489,620
20,831,184
1,949,835
24,658,867
11,590,107
25,329,699
8,296,525
1915.
$9,794.418
531,538
10,222,860
280,845
3,160,699
143,491
77,158,740
91,372,710
3,774
4,226,003
83,866
54,973,726
21,237
32,518,890
10,668,864
5,121,939
97,881
2,512,381
411,423
18,027,492
11,661,337
19,335,483
5,673,373
1916.
$1,431,570
792,814
1,478,579
95,395
3,421,921
36,838
102,077,620
13,945,743
7,045
9,138,934
56,273
57,432,436
64,695
38,534,509
6,851,714
7,171,295
20,079
3,613,986
50
27,864,130
11,846,881
21,775,413
151,606
1914.
$22,718,258
240,723
61,219,894
326,734
15,670,135
3,902,940
159,818,924
344,794,276
773,038
1,123,511
15,855
74,235,012
266,067
112,215,673
9,066,610
5,223,048
2,306,377
30,088,643
9,462
30,387,569
14,644,226
1,019,602
2,160,289
1915.
81,238,669
91,812
20,662,315
12,490
79,824,478
329,030
369,397,170
28,863,354
3,499,975
23,499,646
183,140
184,819,688
1,258,857
143,267,019
39,074,701
5,080,037
391,001
37,474,380
909,195
38,112,969
78,273,818
2,735,788
646,201
1916.
$152,929
317,977
21,844,638
44,223
55,662,411
420,493
630,672,504
288,851
4,333,292
31,024,363
251,447
270,489,922
1,335,647
99,232,930
53,678,126
14,721,874
111,537
183,259,605
385,995
52,771,652
51,939,182
8,156,147
41,421
Bulgaria ..
France
Gibraltar ....
Iceland and Faroe islands..
Italy
Malta Gozo etc
Norway
Portugal
Serbia, Montenegro, Albania
Spain
Turkey in Europe
84 ALMANAC AND YEAR-
BOOK FOR 1917.
United kingdom England
Scotland . . .
1914.
$218,089,913
27,758,358
17,813,033
1915.
$214,801,285
23,214,941
18,335,449
1916.
$261,883,661
26,448,964
20,110,598
1914.
$548,641,399
33,950,947
11,679,517
1915. 1916.
$835,588,279$1,409,199,584
53,612,156 66,037,362
22,594,519 42,809,317
Ireland
Total united kingdom
293,661,304
256,351,675
308,443,223
594,271,863
911,794,954
1,518,046,263
2,999,183,429
Total Europe
North America Bermuda
British Honduras
Canada
Central American states-
Costa Rica
895,602,868
695,419
2,099,275
160,689,709
3,570,364
4,078,612
3,130,328
1,395,248
4,509,719
1.158.320
17,842.591
40,920
92,690.566
' i^3'i5i279
259,715
6,701.913
6.875.104
1,714,127
614.354,645
500,912
1,343,300
159,571,712
3,545,167
6,558.546
2,593,524
2,201,910
4,388,136
1,947,382
21,234,665
91,340
77,612,691
55
1,391,668
386,743
5,561,585
5,535,558
1,768,476
616,252,749
708,680
1,246,957
204,018,227
4,335,415
8,724,728
2,978,473
2,394,824
5,336,299
2,129,868
1.486,498,729
1,613,816
1,699,438
344,716,981
3,501,386
3,601,813
4,873,512
2,629,034
22,678,234
2,155,138
1,971,434,687
1,485,950
1,382,596
300,686,812
2,413,318
2,789,270
5,004,443
2,087,678
19,209,053
2,101,966
2,232,935
1,486,450
466,884,415
3,512,849
3,847,101
4,607,423
3,138,595
23,602,598
3,043,515
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Panama
Salvador
Total Central American
states
25,899,607
82,750
97,676,544
39,439,117
33,585,728
41,752,081
2,203
48,308,542
125,255
7,217,997
1,645,592
6,563,761
4,407,108
5,213,612
Greenland
Mexico ...
38,748,793
111,318
5,735,026
1,412,934
5,254,124
3,465,610
3,224,342
13,357,010
68,884,428
890,966
4,917,201
906,540
2,083,623
5,540,705
34,164,447
72,065
5,352,628
1,281,700
4,564,703
3,257,188
2,776,000
Miquelon, Langley, etc
Newfoundland and Labrador..
British West Indies-
Barbados
1,866,688
395,318
4,767,025
7,009,834
2,232,577
Trinidad and Tobago....
Other British
Total British West Indies.
Cuba
15,550,859
131,303.794
29,374
3,876,834
512,959
59,968
691,807
13,252,362
185,706,901
350,822
9,826.397
598.972
55,163
1,542,836
14,404,754
228,977,567
63,496
13,456,653
844,784
88,496
2,560,340
11,879,591
75,530,382
703,354
5,680,299
1,110,588
2,256,669
3,184,618
17,830,068
127,040,067
898,541
7,581,358
1,594,055
3,500,494
6,435,567
Danish West Indies
Dominican Republic
Dutch West Indies . ...
French West Indies
Haiti
Total West Indies
152,025,595
211,333,453
260,396,090
96,580,473
528,644,962
45,179,089
1,145,555
29,963,914
17,432,392
6,786,153
2,967,759
776
1,700,360
711,482
295,334
173,191
7,141,252
5,641,266
5,401,386
100,345,501
164,880,110
Total North America
427,399,354
45,123,988
70
101,329,073
25,722,128
16,051,120
3,595,456
473,079,796
73,776,258
290
99,178,728
27,689,780
18,953,023
4,478,757
1
353,397
686,509
28,159
28,126
12.596,648
10,492,649
13,227,238
591,895,543
112,512,420
204,904
132,663,984
64,154,859
21,458,029
5,848,290
95
261,290
607.681
52,514
53,337
24,326,689
14,475,478
14,942,448
477,075,727
32,549,606
550,600
25,629,555
11,377,181
6,675,564
2,845,913
668
1,841,037
583,092
421,297
40,205
5,873,474
5,171,323
5,764,442
732,890,028
65,993,611
1,367,891
41,202,277
24,289,652
11,125,232
3,462,040
100
2,183,535
718,307
493,584
73,452
10,173,176
10,274,426
8,999,272
South America Argentina . . .
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile . . .
Guiina British
110,603
1,026,050
Dutch
64,651
12,175,723
7,715,144
9,763,069
Venezuela
Total South America
222,677,075
1,747,810
39,382,978
261,489,563
1,190,205
40,156,139
391,562.018
2,600,559
71,655,045
124,539,909
1,226,262
24,698,734
4,047
166,114
3,850
1,473,339
99,323,957
1,587,676
16,402,475
180,356,555
1,210,140
25,120,896
25,731
375,420
115,867
720.337
Asia Aden ....
China
China, leased territory
British
638,473
229.889
316,547
221,685
451,886
41,187
709.046
Japanese
821,776
Total China
40,311,340
8,121
73,630,880
26,307,860
11,964,787
40,829,710
8,753
51,982,703
24,989,878
10.204.656
72,405,278
64,487
71,745,626
82,114,598
23,563.122
26,346,084
1,266,263
10,854,591
4,184.674
585,930
17,540,798
1,188,444
11,606,094
3,845.765
438.875
15,980,734
2,771,779
18,911
26,358,251
675,449
19,298,150
4,583,318
814,567
East Indies:
British British India
Straits Settlements
Other British
Total British
111,903,527
5,334,361
87,177,237
9,245,784
177,423,346
27,716,589
60,030
15,625,195
3.676,895
161,234
24,696,035
7,396.282
16,904
137
12,005,610
75,098,188
13.495
130,255.759
741,430
748
1,800
Dutch East Indies
French East Indies
3,085,840
107,355.897
1,948.038
2,488.973
146.545
12,546,552
75,482
2.044,589
98,882,638
641,081
881,659
242,391
6,555,334
70,722
5,401,174
147.644,228
583,456
2,302,858
237,250
712,879
29.330
10,696,214
51,265.520
2,343
1,214,506
836,870
1,168,230
8,185,315
41,517,780
1,352,279
23,353.151
619.707
353,919
Persia . .
Turkev in Asia
Other Asia
Total Asia
Oceania:
British Oceania Australia . .
New Zealand
286,952,486
17,088,534
5,125.036
204,692
247,770,103
23,705,010
3,539.029
263,989
437,181,464
54,174,324
10,379,117
648,530
113,425,616
45,775,216
8,950,124
261.295
114,470,493
43,620.676
8,365.973
225,193
278,470,228
59,245,084
15,219,024
215,149
Other British
Total British...
22.418.262
27.508.028
65.201.971
54.986.635
52.211.842
74.679,257
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Conn tries.
1914.
$1 549 53
or s
mP 1915.'
$938,968
55,387
24,020,169
1916.
$2,346,263
445,508
28,232,249
1914.
$1,057,303
219.892
27,304,587
1915.
$676,180
121.383
24,755,320
1916.
$996,586
139,703
23,426,009
German Oceania
Philippine islands
14.301
18,162,312
42 144 398
52,522,552
157
130,524
394,751
4,947,311
748,795
96,225,991
83,568,417
77,764,725
99,241,555
252
41,625
4,549,7-40
21,186,891
2.604,317
Africa Abyssinia
Belgian Kongo
3
34 666
72,859
6,439,412
19,823.862
496,696
103,132
3,607,869
14,834,974
517,927
289,471
2,924.575
14,727,964
618.546
British Africa West
633 111
South
2 469 849
East
...... 853,621
Total British
3 956 581
6,090,857
116,227
17.371,992
652,253
26,759,970
130,631
33,254,943
2,011,222
18,960.770
728,673
1,930,016
2,754,228
593,935
6,479
110,171
25,795
89,256
2,587,472
11.588
18,271,085
985,411
2,879.241
2,490,264
103,662
121,344
152,648
57,269
69.732
3,089,460
10,224
28,340,948
819,949
7.791,421
2,393,527
44,340
155,137
84,677
394,869
348.980
3,084,186
17,159
43,517,070
,333,658,865
177 356
Bgvpt
13 311 233
844 808
German Africa
134 959
Italian Africa . .
. . . . " 80 9 90
66,651
37.178
45,733
60,674
380,835
169,192
89,900
104,566
313,666
1,856,341
2,455
64.765.745
Liberia
6 287
Madagascar
13 095
Morocco ...
149 776
440 42?
Spanish Africa
Total Africa
19,149,476
24,953,081 "
27.901.515
28,519,751
Grand total
1,893,925,657
1,674,169,740 2,197,883,510 2,364,579,148 2,768,589,340 4
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN MERCHANDISE BY CONTINENTS.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
EXPORTS.
No
Year. Europe.
1910 $1,135,914,551
1911 1,308,275,778
1912 1,341,732,789
1913 1,479,074,761
1914 1,486,498:729
1915 1.971.434,687
1916 2,999,183,429
1910... ...$806,270,280
1911 768,167,760
1912 819,585,326
1913 892,866.384
1914 895,602,868
1915 614,354.645
1916 ; 616,252,749
North South
America. America.
$385,520,069 $93.246,820
457,059,179 108.894,894
516,837,597 132,310,451
617,413,013 146,147,993
528,644,962 124,539,909
477,075,727 99,323.957
752,890,028 180,356,555
IMPORTS.
$306,767,486 $196,164,786
305,496.793 182,623,750
334,072,039 215,089,316
361,943.659 217,734,629
427,399.354 222,677,075
473,079.796 261,489,563
591,895,543 391,562,018
Asia and
Oceania.
$111,751,900
151,483,241
189,398,148
194,159,465
196,994,033
192,235,218
377.7U.783
$230,255,139
243,724,182
261,932,365
314,038,218
329.096,884
300,292.655
533,407,455
Africa.
$18,551,380
23,607,107
24,043,424
29,088,917
27,901,515
28,519,751
43,517,070
$17,489,739
27,213,620
22,585,888
Total.
$1,744,984,720
2,049,320,199
2,204,322,409
2,465.884,149
2,364,579,148
2,768.589.340
4,333,658.865
$1,556.947,430
1,527,226.105
1,653,264,934
26,425,344
19.149,476
24,953,081
64,765,745
1,813,008.234
1,893,925.657
1,674.169.740
2,197,883,510
On principal articles or
Articles. 1913.
Animals $1,892,993
Breadstuffs 3,785,021
Chemicals 7,542,728
Cotton* 34,153,263
Earthenware 9,827,837
Fibers* 24,405,068
Fish 2,254,880
Fruits and nuts.... 7,867,730
Furs* 2,024,801
Glass* 3,051,764
Iron and steel 10.067.527
Leather* 4,993,795
Malt liquors 2,07,961
Meat, dairy products 3.326,772
Oils 3,028,646
DUTIES COLLECTED ON IMPORTS.
groups of articles imported into the United States for consumption.
1914.
$766,693
4,852,602
7,839.974
31,103,067
5,564,859
15,270,118
1.390,412
7,132,519
1,599,229
2,776,678
6,001,111
4.070,880
1,915,609
2,911,562
2,675,827
1915.
$100,205
1,861,528
6.568,498
19,946,728
. 4,152,336
10,454,561
955,100
5,569,199
772,345
1,360,753
3,392,414
2,743,541
962,766
1.943,066
2,520,013
Articles.
Paints
1913.
$634 ?55
1914.
$397,159
2,982,890
16,703,693
1915.
$281,316
1,992,959
11 26"> 067
Paper*
Silk*
... 3,784,696
...13,988,110
Spirts, distilled.
Sugar
...10,470,377
.53 480 864
10,780,058 7,637,196
61,861.426 49.525,673
26,892,273 24,875,246
3,181,815 2,764,388
2.577,982 1,551.902
6,509^450 4,505,088
1,793,378 729,318
2,589,235 217,441
14,387,241 9,701,772
tUnmanufactured.
Tobacco*
...26.748,125
Toys
. . . 2 773 362
Vegetables
Wines
... 3.159,681
6 283 978
Wood* . .
4 750 715
Woolt
13 519 982
Wool$
...15 031.313
'Including manufactures of.
^Manufactured.
DESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN BERGEN, NORWAY.
The most destructive fire that ever occurred in
Bergen, Norway, broke out Jan. 15, 1916. Prac-
tically the whole of the principal retail business
district was burned, including stores of all kinds,
business offices, hotels, telephone exchange,
schools and dwelling houses. In all, 369 build-
ings were destroyed. The total loss was esti-
mated at $22,400,000. The insurance value of
buildings burned, the value fixed by government
authority beyond which buildings may not be
insured, was $3,200,000. About 3,000 persons were
made homeless by the fire.
MOLDE PARTLY DESTROYED.
Two days after the great fire in Bergen,
another Norwegian city, Molde, was visited by
a conflagration which swept away about 100
business houses, manufactories and dwellings,
causing a loss of approximately $1,000,000.
ROMAN AND ARABIC NUMERALS.
II
3
VI
III
3
VII
IV .
VIII ..
IX
100
D
II
MCMX !
MCMXVII 1917
. 500
.1000
.1910
86
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
UNITED STATI
[United States censi
Alabama 2.348,273
Arizona 259.666
Arkansas .. . 1.753,033
California .. . 2.983,843
Colorado .... 975.190
Connecticut . 1.254.926
Delaware .... 214.270
Dist. of Col. 366.631
Florida 904.839
STATISTICS 01
]S JAN. 1. 1917.
is bureau estimate.]
Nevada 108.736
New Hampshire 443.467
New Jersey... 2,981.105
New Mexico... 416.966
New York 10.366.778
North Carolina 2.418.559
North Dakota. 752.260
Ohio 5,181,220
Oklahoma 2,245,968
' POPULATION.
eluded in the above ta
tion by Color or Race.".
COLORED POPUU
Estimated as <
Atlanta. Ga 60,187
Baltimore, Md.... 88,314
Birmingham, Ala. 65,512
Boston, Mass 16,293
Chicago, 111 50,627
Cincinnati, O 21,720
Columbus. 14,428
Indianapolis, Ind. 24,281
Kansas City. Mo. 26,904
Los Angeles, Cal. 19,101
NOTE The foregoing
largest cities having a
ulation. The census bu
for such cities as Alban:
Cleveland, O., Omaha, N
Milwaukee, Wis., and Si
comparatively small negr
population of all large <
in this volume.
METROPOLITAN DIST1
STATE:
Statistics have been cc
the census showing the
cities of the United St
suburbs, comprising whal
politan districts." A d
is defined as consisting (
the urban portion of th
ten miles of the city lim
shows the metropolitan
a population of 200.000 01
Metr
City. dif
New York 6
sle. (See also "Popula*
LTION OP CITIES.
>f July 1, 1.114.
Memphis, Tenn... 57,372
Nashville, Tenn.. 38,034
New Orleans, La. 95,52
New York, N. Y. 109,337
Philadelphia, Pa. 91,652
Pittsburgh, Pa... 27,39
Richmond, Va.... 49,4ia
St. Louis, Mo.... 47,029
San Francisco, Cal. 18, ITS
Washington, D.C.101,339-
list includes only the
considerable colored pop-
reau made no estimates
-, N. Y., Buffalo, N. Y.
eb., Minneapolis, Minn..
. Paul, Minn., having a
o population. The negro
cities is given elsewhere
UCTS IN THE UNITED
s (1910).
mpiled by the bureau of
population of the chief
ites together with their
. may be termed "metro-
strict of this character
>f the city together with
e territory lying within
its. The following table-
Jistricts of cities having-
more in 1910:
opolitan City
strict, proper. Outside.
474,568 4,766,883 1,707.685
446,921 2,185,283 261,638
972,342 1,549.008 423,334
520,470 670,585 849,885.
042.855 533.905 508,950
828,733 687,029 141,704
686.873 416,912 119.787
150 174
Georgia 2.875.953
Idaho 436.881
Illinois 6.193.626
Indiana 2,826,1^4
Oregon 848,866
Pennsylvania.. 8,591,029
Rhode Island.. 620.090
South Carolina 1,634,340
South Dakota.. 707.740
Tennessee ... 2,296,316
Texas . 4,472,494
*Iowa . . 2 224 771
Kansas 1,840,707
Kentucky . 2 386,866
Louisiana 1.843.042
Maine .... 774.914
Utah ... 438,974
Vermont . 364,322
Maryland 1,368.240
Massachusetts. 3,747.564
Michigan 3,074,560
Minnesota .... 2.296.024
Mississippi ... 1,964,122
Missouri 3,420.143
Montana 466.214
Nebraska .... 1,277,750
NOTE Estimates of po
marily for use in the
lating death rates and
years other than the
called arithmetical meth
n";ng these estimates,
as been shown by es
in accuracy in the maj<
other formula. It rests
the increase in populati
enumeration is equal to 1
1900 to 1910.
UNITED STATES A
[United States census
Jan. 1.
Continental United Stat
Alaska
Virginia .. 2,202.522
Washington .. 1.565,810
West Virginia 1,399,320
Wisconsin .... 2.513,758
Wyoming 182.264
Total 102.826.309
April 15, 1910.
.ulation are required pri-
census bureau in calcu-
per capita averages for
census year. The so-
od was adopted for corn-
It is the simplest and
perience to come nearer
>rity of cases than any
on the assumption that
on each year since the
he annual increase from
,ND POSSESSIONS,
bureau estimate as of
1917.]
es... 102.826,309
Chicago .
Philadelphia 1
Boston 1
Pittsburgh 1
Sc Louis
San Francisco-Oakland
Oakland
Baltimore
658.715 558.485 100,230
613,270 560,663 52,607
563,804 363,591 200,213
526,256 301,408 10.104
214,744
500,982 465,766 35,216
488,661 ' 423,715 64,946
438,226 319,198 119.028
427,175 373,857 53.31&
395,972 224,326 171.646
367,869 331.069 36.800
348.109 339,075 9,034
340,446 248,381 9,374
82 331
64.873
Cleveland
Guam
12 866
Cincinnati
Hawaii
217 660
Minneapolis-St. Paul...
St. Paul
Detroit .
Panama Canal Zone
31 048
Philippine islands
8 879 999
Porto Rico
1 223 981
Buffalo
Samoa
7 426
Los Angeles
Total
113 3<1Q 9SZ
Providence
WHITE AND COLORED POPULATION.
[Estimated as of July 1, 1914.]
State. White. Colored.
Alabama 1.304.612 965.333
Arizona . ... 20ft ssa ss 4?n
Washington . .
New Orleans
Kansas City (Mo. and
Kas.)
Kansas Citv, Kas
Louisville
Rochester
286.158 223,928 62.230
248,512 218,149 30,363:
239,269 237.194 2.075
237,783 233,650 4,133
219,314 213,"-S1 5,933
215.048 207.314 7.834
RICAN CITIES.
1 as of July 1, 1915.
Washington, D.
C 358 67&
Arkansas
California
1,211,505 474,975
. 2 621 161 136 734
Indianapolis
Denver
Portland. Ore
Delaware
177,440 32.377
Georgia .
499,922 348,189
1,523.661 1,201,834
LARGEST AME
Population estirnate<
New York, N.Y.. 5,468,190
Chicago, 111 2,447,045
Philadelp'a, Pa.1,683,664
St. Louis, Mo... 745,983
Boston, Mass... 745,139
Cleveland, O.... 656,975
Baltimore, Md.. 584,605
Pittsburgh, Pa.. 571.984
Detroit, Mich... 554,717
Los Ang'l's, Cal. 465,367
San Francisco,
Cal *44S,502
Illinois
5,868 259 118,522
Indiana
2,716,779 62 688
Kansas
1,725,156 59 741
Kentucky
Louisiana
2,081,819 268,912
1,007,614 765,868
Minneapolis,
Minn 353.460
Seattle. Wash.. 330,834
Jersey City,
N. J 300,133
Kansas City,
Mo 289 879
Maryland
1,100,153 240,922
Mississippi
831,940 1,069,942
Missouri
3.210,657 162,229
New Jersey
2,714,371 101.292
9 740 332 159 4'9
1 591 077 748 375
Ohio
4 908 559 118 333
Portland, Ore... 272,83*
Indianapolis,
Ind 265,57*
1 766 516 260 018
Pennsylvania
8,033.610 212,357
South Carolina
712,601 877.414
1 766 238 488 516
Milwaukee. Wis. 428,062
Cincinnati, O.... 406.706
Newark, N. J... 399,000
New Orleins,
La 366 484
Denver, Colo.... 253,161
Rochester, N.Y. 250,747
Providence, R.I. 250.025
St. Paul, Minn. 241,99*
Louisville, Ky.. 237.012
Columbus, O.... 209,722.
estimate made.
3 502 022 755 SS 9
Virginia
...1.449.401 700.60S
West Virginia 1,262,721 70,189
Only states having 50,000 or more, or at least
10 per cent of their population colored, are in-
Muly 1, 1914; no later
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR* 1917.
87
POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS (1850-1910).
[From the reports of the superintendents of the census.]
STATE OR
TEHRITOKY.
1910.
1900.
1890. 1880.
1870.
1860.
1850.
Alabama
Arkansas
California
18
25
12
i
44
S
1
9
15
22
14
24
34
27
6
1
7
40
29
4t>
39
11
1
16
37
4
2.138 -93
1,574,449
2,377.549
799.024
1,114.756
202.322
752.619
2,609.121
325.594
5,638.591
2.700.876
2.224.771
1.690,949
2.289.1)05
1,656388
742.371
1,295.346
3.366.416
2.810.173
2.075,708
1.797.114
3.293.335
376,053
1,192.214
81.875
430.572
2.537.167
9.113.614
2.206.287
577,056
4 767 121
18
25
21
31
29
42
32
11
43
10
22
12
23
30
26
7
9
19
20
5
41
S
3(5
it;
i
15
39
4
1.828.6-97
i.:m,54
1,485.053
639,700
908.420
184,735
528,542
2.216,331
161.772
4,821,550
2.516.462
2.231.853
1,470,495
2.147,174
1,381.625
694,466
1.188.044
2.805.346
2.420,982
1,751.394
1,551.270
3.106,665
243.329
1,066.300
4-^.335
411,588
1,883,669
7.268.894
1,893.810
319,146
4,157.545
ir
24
22
31
29
41
32
12
43
10
19
11
25
30
27
6
9
20
21
5
42
20
45
33
'?
16
39
4
1,513.017
1,128.179
1,208,130
412,198
746,258
168.493
391,422
1,337.353
84,385
3.826.351
2,192.404
1.911,896
1.427.096
1,858.635
1,118.587
661.086
1.042,390
2,238.943
2.093.889
1.301.826
1,289.600
2,679,184
132.159
1,058.910
45,761
376,530
1,444,933
5.997,853
1,617,947
182,719
3,672,316
17
25
1
28
37
34
13
1.22.505
802,525
864,694
194,327
622,700
146.608
269.493
1,542,180
16
2;
24
25'
34
13
12
996,992
484,471
560,247
39,864
537,454
125.0151
187.748
1,184,109
13
2(5
24'
32
31
11
964.201
435.450
379.9941
34.277!
460.147
112,216
140,424
1.057.286
12
2<;
29
}i'
3<J
31
9
771.623
209.897
92,597
"370,792
91,532
87.445
906,186
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida ....
Idaho
4
6
10
20
8
22
27
23
7
9
26
18
5
30'
38
31
19
1
15
'3'
3.077,871
1,978.301
1.624.615
996.096
I,648.'i90
939.946
648.936
934,943
1,783.085
1,636,937
780.773
1.131.597
2,168,380
4
6
11
29
8
21
23
20
13
28
18
5
2,539.89^
1.680.637i
1,194.020
364.399 (
1,321,011
726,915
626.915
780.894
1,457,351
1,184.059
ss
1,721,295
4
6
20
33
i?
22
IS
16
30
14
8
1.711.951
1,350.428
674.913
107,206
1,155.684
708,002
628.279
687.049
1,231.066
749.113
172,023
791,305
1.182,012
11
7
'8
18
1(5
IT
6
20
38
15
13
851.470
988,416
192,214
982.405
517.762
583,169
533.034
994.514
397.654
6,077
606,526
682,044
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts...
Michigan . ..
Minnesota
Mississippi
Montana
452.402
62.266
346,991
1,131.116
5.082.871
1,399,750
35
37
31
'i
14
122,993
42,491
318.300
906,096
4.382.759
1,671,361
35
36
27
21
1
12
28,841
6.857
326,073
672.035
3,880.735
992,622
22'
19
1
10
"317,976
489,556
3,097,394
869,039
Nevada
New Hampshire.
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina...
North Dakota....
Ohio
3,198,062
3
2,665,260
3
2,339.511
3
1,980,329
1657 155
1
38
26
3*5
17
i
20
30
28
13
45
T
'672,765
7,665.111
542,610
1.515,400
583,888
2,184,78i
'373!351
355,956
2061 612
3 1
34
24
37
13
6
40
38
17
33
28
14
44
413,536
6.302,115
428.556
1,340,316
401,570
2.020.616
3.048,710
276,749
343,641
1,854,184
518,103
958,800
2,069,042
92,53
38
2
35
23
37
f
40
36
15
34
28
14
44
313,767
5,258.014
345.506
1,151,149
328.808
1,767.518
2,235.523
207.905
332.422
1,655,980
349.3!*)
762,794
1,636,880
60.705
36
1
12
11
32
14
174,768
4,282.891
276.531
995.577
1.542.359
1,591,749
3(5
I
22
'9
19
90.923
3,521,951
217,353
705,606
34
2
29
18
52,465
2,90*5.215
174,620
703,708
32
2
28
14
13.294
2,311,786
147,545
668,507
Pennsylvania..
Rhode Island
South Carolina..
South Dakota....
Tennessee
1,258.520
818,579
10
23
1,109.801
604,215
5
25
1,002.717
212,593
Utah..
332,286
1,512,565
so
10
330.551
1.225.163
28
5
315.098
1,59(5,318
23
4
314,120
1,421,661
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia...
Wisconsin
Wyoming
The states
Alaska
1,141.990
1.221,119
2,333,860
145,965
9U09.542
64,35
204,354
29
16
618.45"
1,315,49"
27
15
442,014
1,054,670
15
775,881
24
305,391
23,067,262
7
6
74,610,523
63.592
122,93
62.116,811
49.371,340
38.155,505
31,218,021
...
4
59,620
6
3
1
40,440
135,177
177,624
8
7
1
9.658
14,181
131,700
Dakota
1
4,837
75,080
- 2
'"5i',687
Dist. of Columbia
Hawaii
i
4
331,06
191,901
I
278,71
154,00
1
230,392
Idaho
8
32,610
Indian Territory
Montana
2
392.06C
6
"5
2
14,999
7
4
39.159
119,565
New Mexico 1 2
Oklahoma
327,30
4
1
19:>.31
398,33
91,71
2
3
153.593
61.834
20.595
91,874
1
93.516
1
61,547
Inaerv. U.S. sta-
tioned abroad
55,60*
Utah
Washington
Wyoming '...
2
5
143.iH5d
75.116
2078SJ
3
4
(>
86,7*
23,955
9 118
3
4
40.273
11,594
3
11,380
Porto Rfco
-
1 118 015
The territories
United States.
Percent of gain
2,292,60 t
1,604,94
505.439
784,44
402,866
..
225,301
124,614
1
93,402,15
76,303,38
62,622,250
50.155,78,
38.588,371
....131,443,32
... 23,191,876
20.9 21
24.9 30.08
22.C.5
35.58 35.86
NOTE The narrow column under each census I tories when arranged according to magnitude of
year shows the order of the states and terri- I population.
CENSUS OF 1910 AND 1900.
The thirteenth census of the United States was )
taken by the bureau of the census as of April
15, 1910. It included continental United States,
the territories of Alaska and Hawaii and Porto
Rico; also persons in the military and naval
service who were stationed abroad. The popu-
lation according to this division, compared with
that in 1900, was:
1910. 1900.
Alaska 64.356 63.592
Hawaii 191,909 154,001
1910.
Porto Rico 1,118,012
Soldiers and sailors abroad.... 55,608
1900.
'953.243
91.219
Noncontiguous territory 1,429,885 1,262,055
Continental United States 91.972.266 75.994.575
United States (area of enu-
meration) 93.402,151 t77,256.630
*Census of 1899. tlncludes 953,243 persons enu-
merated in Porto Rico in 1899.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES AT EACH CENSUS (1790-1840).
[From the reports of the superintendents of the census.]
STATE OR TERRITORY.
1840. 1830.
1820.
1810.
1800.
1790.
Alabama
12
25
59u,7o6
97,574
g
buy,OZ7
30;3S8
19
25
127,9U1
14,273
Connecticut
20
88
27
9
309,978
78,085
54,477
691,392
16
I!
10
297,675
76,748
34,730
516,823
y
275.248
72,749
9
n
261,942
72,674
8
17
251,002
64,273
8
11
237,964
59,096
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
11
340,989
11
252,433
12
162,686
13
82,548
Idaho
Illinois
14
10
28
476,183
685,866
43,112
20
13
157.445
343,031
24
18
55,211
147,178
23
n
12,282
24;520
'
5.641
Kansas
Kentucky
is
13
15
8
23
779,828
352,411
501,793
470,019
737.699
212,267
6
19
12
11
2!
687,917
215,739
399,455
447,040
610,408
31,639
1?
10
26
564,317
153,407
298,335
407.350
523,287
8,765
7
IS
14
8
5
24
406,511
76,556
228.705
380,546
472,040
4,762
9
220,955
14
73,677
Maine
14
7
5
151,719
341,548
422,845
11
6
4
319]728
378,787
17
16
375.651
383,702
22
21
136,621
140,455
21
23
75,448
66,586
20
22
40,352
20345
19
8,850
Nevada
22
18
1
7
284,574
373,306
2,428,921
753,419
18
14
1
5
269,328
320.82J
ttS
15
13
1
4
244,161
277,575
1,372,812
; 638,829
H
U
2
4
214,460
245,562
959,049
555,500
11
10
3
4
183,858
211,149
589,051
478,103
10
9
5
3
141.885
184.139
340,120
393,751
New York
North Carolina
3
1,519,467
4
937,903
5
581,434
13
230,760
18
45,366
Pennsylvania.. ..
2
24
11
1,724.033
108,830
594,398
2
23
9
1,348,233
97,199
581,185
3
20
8
1,049,458
83,059
502,741
3
17
6
810,091
76,931
415,115
3
16
6
602,365
69,122
345,591
2
15
7
434,373
68,825
249,073
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
5
829,210
7
681,904
9
422,823
10
261,727
15
105,602
17
35,691
Texas
Vermont ....
21
4
,sss
17
3
280,652
1,211,405
16
2
235,966
1,065,366
15
235,981
974,600
13
1
154,465
880,200
'!
85,425
747,610
Virginia.. . .
West Virginia
29
30,945
The states
Alaska
17,019,641
12,820.868
9,600,783
7,215,858
5,294,390
Arizona
Dakota
District of Columbia
1
43,712
1
39,834
1
33,039
1
24,023
1
14,093
Idaho
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Utah
The territories
43,712
39.834
33,039
24,023
14,093
On public ships in service of
United States
6,100
5,318,'....
United States...
17.069,453]....
I2,866,02o|....
9,638,453
7,239,881
... .
5,308,483
3,929,214
Per cent of gain
3267
33.55 | 3306
36 38
&5.10
NOTE The narrow column under each census I tories when arranged according to magnitude of
year shows the order of the states and terri- I population.
DISTRIBUTION BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS.
Per cent of total population of continental United States in each of the nine geographic divisions:
Including the population of the Philippines and
other possessions, the population living under the
American flag in 1910 was as follows:
United States 93,402.151
Philippines (1903) 7,635.426
Guam, estimated 9,000
Samoa, estimated 6,100
Panama Canal Zone, estimated 50.00*
Division.
New England
Middle Atlantic
1910.
.... 7.4
.... 21.0
1900.
7.4
20.3
1890.
7.5
20 2
1850.
11.8
25 4
East North Central..
West North Central
.... 19.8
1' 7
21.0
13 6
21.4
14 9
19.5
3 8
South Atlantic
13 3
13 7
14 1
20 2
East South Central..
West South Central..
Mountain
.. . 9.1
9.6
i 2 9
9.9
8.6
2 2
10.2
7.5
1 9
14.5
4.1
3
Pacific
... . 4.6
3.2
3.0
0.5
United States
....100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Total 101,102,677
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
GROWTH OF POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES.
States and territories. 1910.
Alabama 2,138,093
Arizona 204,354
Arkansas 1,574,449
California .. 2,377,549
Colorado 799,024
Connecticut 1,114,756
Delaware 202,322
District of Columbia 321.069
Florida 752,619
Georgia 2,609,121
Idaho 325,594
Illinois .....5,638,591
Indiana 2,700,876
Iowa 2,224,771
Kansas 7,600,949
Kentucky 2,289,905
Louisiana 1,656,388
Maine 742,371
Maryland 1,295,346
Massachusetts 3,366,416
Michigan ;. 2,810,173
Minnesota 2,075,708
Mississippi 1,797,114
Missouri 3,293,335
Montana 376,053
Nebraska 1,192,214
Nevada 81.875
New Hampshire 430,572
New Jerses- 2,537,167
New Mexico 327,301
New York 9,113,614
North Carolina 2,206,287
North Dakota 577,056
Ohio 4,767,121
Oklahoma 1,657,155
Oregon 672,765
Pennsylvania 7,665,111
Rhode Island 542,610
South Carolina 1,515,400
South Dakota 583,888
Tennessee 2.184,789
Texas .... 3.896,542
Utah ;.. 373,351
Vermont 355.956
Virginia 2.061,612
Washington 1,141,990
West Virginia 1,221.119
Wisconsin 2,333.860
Wyominsr 145.965
Continental U. S 91,972,266
Alaska 64,356
Hawaii 191,909
Porto Rico 1.118.012
JTotal United States.... 93,346,543
, Increase ,.
1900 to 1910. 1890 to 1900. ^
-Rank
1800.
1890.
Number. ]
Per ct.
Number. P
er ct.l
910. li
JOO.
1,828,697
1,513,401
309.398
16.9
315,290
20.8
18
18
122,931
88,243
81,423
66.2
34,688
39.8
46
47
1,311,564
1,128,211
262,*85
20.0
1S3.353
16.3
25
25
1,485,053
1,213,398
892,496
60.1
271,655
22.4
12
21
539,700
413.249
259 324
48.0
126,451
30.6
32
32
908,420
746,25s
206,336
22.7
162,162
21.7
31
29
184,735
168,493
17,587
9.5
16,242
9.6
47
45
273,718
230,392
1.2,351
18.8
48,326
21.0
43
41
528,542
391,422
224,077
42.4
137,120
35.0
33
33
2,216,331
1,837,353
392,790
17.7
378,978
20.6
10
11
161,772
. 88,548
163,822
101.3
73,224
82.7
45
46
4,821.550
3,826,352
817,041
16.9
995,198
26.0
3
3
2,516,462
2,192,404
184,414
7.3
324,058
14.8
9
8
2,231,853
], 912,297
7,082
*0.3
319,556
16.7
15
10
1,470,495
1,428,108
220,454
15.0
42,387
3.0
22
22
2,147,174
1,858,635
142,731
6.6
288,539
15.5
14
12
1,381,625
1,118,5.'S
274,763
19.9
203,037
23.5
24
23
694,466
661,086
47,905
6.9
33,380
5.0
34
31
1,188,044
1,042,390
107,302
9.0
145,654
14.0
27
26
2,805,346
2,238,947
561,070
20.0
566,399
25.3
6
7
2,420,982
2,093,890
389,191
le'.i
327,092
15.6
8
9
1,751,394
1,310,283
324.U4
18.5
441,111
33.7
19
19
1,551,270
1,289,600
245,844
15.8
261,670
20.3
21
20
3,106,665
2,679,185
186,670
6.0
427,480
16.0
7
5
243,329
142.924
132,724
54.5
100,405
70.3
40
43
1,066,300
1,062,656
125,914
11.8
3,644
0.3
29
27
42,335
47,355
39,540
93.4
f5,020
flO.6
49
49
411,588
376,530
18.984
4.fi
35,058
9.3
39
37
1,883,669
1,144.933
653,498
34.7
438,736
30.4
11
16
195,310
160,282
131,991
67.6
35,028
21.9
44
44
7,268,894
6,003,174
1,844,720
25.4
1,265,720
21.1
1
1
1,893,810
1,617,949
312,477
16.5
275,861
17.1
16
15
319,146
190,983
257,910
80.8
128,163
67.1
37
40
4.157,545
3,672,329
609.576
14.7
485,216
13.2
4
4
790,391
258,657
866,764
109.7
531,734
205.6
23
30
413,536
317,704
259,229
62.7
95.832
30.2
35
36
6,302,115
5.258,113
1,362,996
21.6
1,044,002
19.9
2
2
428,556
345,506
114,054
26.6
83.050
24.0
38
35
1,340,316
1,151,149
175,084
13.1
189,167
16.4
26
24
401.570
348,600
182.318
45.4
52,970
15.2
36
33
2,020,616
1,767,518
164,173
8.1
253.098
14.3
17
14
3.048.710
2,225,527
847,832
27.8
813,183
3fi.4
5
6
276,749
210,779
96,602
34.9
65,970
31.3
41
42
343,641
332,422
12,315
3.6
11.219
3.4
42
39
1,854,184
1,655,980
207,428
11.2
198,204
12.0
20
17
518,103
357.232
GL3.887
120.4
160,871
45.0
30
34
958,800
762.794
262.319
27.4
196,006
25.7
28
28
2,069.042
1,693,330
264,818
12.8
375,712
22.2
13
13
92.531
62,553
53,434
57.7
29,976
47.9
48
48
75,994,576
62,947,714
15,917,691
21,0
13,046,861
20.7
..
63,592
32,052
764
1.2
31.540
98.4
154,001
89,990
37.908
24.6
64.011
71.1
J
t953,769
164,769
17.3
77,165,937
63.069,756
16,151,132
20.9
13,142,412
22.7
..
*Decrease. \\u 1899. JDoes not include .soldiers and sailors stationed abroad.
DECENNIAL INCREASE OF POPULATION.
Continental United States.
Census. Population. Increase. Percent.
1910 91,972,266 15,977,691 21.0
1900 75.994575 13,046,861 20.7
1890 62,947.714 12,791,931 25.5
1880 50,155,783 11,597,412 30.1
1870 38,558.371 7,115,050 22.6
I860 31,443,321 8,251,445 35.6
1850 23,191,876 6,122.423 35.9
1S40 17.069.453 4.203,433 32.7
1830 12.866.020 3,227.567 33.5
1820 9.638,453 2.398,572 33.1
181C 7,239,881 1,931,398 36.4
Census. Population. Increase. Percent.
1800 5,308.483 1,379,269 35.1
1790 3,929,214
Division. INCREASE (1900-1910). No. Perct.
New England 960,664 17.2
Middle Atlantic 3,861,214 25.0
East North Central 2,265.040 14.2
West North Central 1,290,498 12.5
South Atlantic 1,751,415 16.8
East South Central 862,144 11.4
Wost South Central 2.252.244 34.5
Mountain 9-8.860 57.3
Pacific 1,775,612 73.5
CENTER OF POPULATION AND MEDIAN LINES.
The center of population, according to the
bnreau of the census, may be said to represent
the center of the gravity of the population. If
the surface of the United States be considered as
a rigid plane without weight, capable of sustain-
ing the population distributed thereon, individu-
als being assumed to be of equal weight, and
each, therefore, to exert a pressure on any sup-
porting pivotal point directly proportional to his
distance from the point, the pivotal point on
which the plane balances would, of course, be
its center of gravity, and this is the point re-
ferred to by the term "center of population" as
used by the census bureau in its reports.
The median point, which may be described as
the numerical center of population, is in no
sense a center of gravity. .In determining the
median point distance is not taken into account,
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
CENTER OF POPULATION
AT EACH CENSUS
1790 TO 1910
MEDIAN POINT
1880 TO 1910
and the location of the units of population is
considered only in relation to the intersecting
median lines as being north or south of the me-
dian parallel and east and west of the meridian.
The position of the center of population and its
movement during each decade since 1790 are
shown in the following table:
Censi
year.
1790.
1800.
1810.
1820.
1830.
1840.
1850.
1860.
1870.
issg.
1890.
1900.
1910.
North
is latitude.
D. M. 8.
.39 16 30
.39 16 6
.39 11 30
.39 5 42
.38 57 54
.39 2
.38 59
.39 24
.39 12
.39 4 8
.39 11 56
.39 9 36
.39 10 12
West
longitude.
D. M. 8.
76 11 12
76 56 30
77 37 12
78 33
79 16 54
80 18
81 19
82 48 48
83 35 42
84 39 40
85 32 53
85 48 54
86 32 20
*West
Approximate location by important towns.
.23 miles east of Baltimore, Md
Movement in miles duricg
, preceding decade. ,
Direct West- North- South-
line. ward. ward, ward.
.18 miles west of Baltimore Md . ...
40.6 40.6 ., 0.5
36.9 36.5 .... 5.3
50.5 50.1 .... 6.7
40.4 39.4 .... 9.0
55.0 54.8 4.7 ....
54.8 54.7 .... 3.5
80.6 80.6 1.6 ....
44.1 42.1 13.3 ....
58.1 57.4 .... 9.1
48 6 47 7 90
.40 miles northwest by west of Washington, D. C.
.16 miles north of Woodstock, Va
.19 miles west-southwest of Moorefield, W. Va.*.
.16 miles south of Clarksburg, W. Va.*
.23 miles southeast of Parkersburg, W. Va.*
.20 miles south of CMllicothe O
.48 miles east by north of Cincinnati, O
.8 miles west by south of Cincinnati, O
.20 miles east of Columbus, Ind
..6 miles southeast of Columbus, Ind
In the city of Bloomington. Ind
14.6 34.4 .... 2.8
39.0 38.9 0.8 ....
Virginia formed part of Virginia until 1863.
MEDIAN LINES.
In connection with the definition of the median
point another method of presenting facts with
regard to the geographical distribution of the
population has been noted, involving the location
of median lines. A parallel of latitude is deter-
mined which evenly divides tee population so
that the population north of that parallel is the
same as that south. Similarly, a meridian of
longitude is determined which divides the popu-
lation evenly as between east and west. In cal-
culating these median lines it is necessary, in
the case of the square degrees of latitude and
longitude which are traversed by the lines them-
selves, to assume tnat tne population is evenly
aistributed througb these square degrees or to
make an estimated adjustment where this is ob-
viously not the case.
The eastern terminus of the median parallel,
according to the census of 1910. is on the New
jersey coast near Seagirt, in its course west
this line passes through central New Jersey,
leaving the state near Burlington and entering
Pennsylvania a few miles north of Philadelphia,
toence passing tnrough .Norristown and continu-
ing through southern Pennsylvania and across
the northern extremity of West Virginia, leaving
the latter state at a point a few miles north of
Wheeling. It nearly bisects Ohio. Indiana and
Illinois, crossing about ten miles north of Colum-
bus, O. ; twenty-five miles north of Indianapolis,
ind., and about twenty miles north of Spring-
field, 111. Through Missouri it runs about thirty
miles south of the Iowa and Missouri line,
tnence passing through Nebraska about ten miles
north of its southern boundary, and across the
northern part of Colorado, passing about five
miles north of Boulder City. Its location in Utah
is about forty-five miles south of Salt Lake City.
There are no large towns near its course across
the northern part of Nevada and California. The
western terminus of the median parallel is on
tne Pacific coast, in Humboldt county. California,
about five miles north of Point Delgada and
twenty miles south of Cape Mendocino. the point
of continental United States extending farthest
west.
The median meridian starts at Whitefish point,
on the northern peninsula of Michigan, near the
eastern end of Lake Superior, thence passing
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
91
south about twenty-five miles west of Lansing
and through Indiana about ten miles west of the
Indiana-Ohio boundary and twenty-five miles west
of Cincinnati. South of the Ohio river it bisects
Kentucky, crosses eastern Tennessee and leaves
that state twenty miles east of Chattanooga.
Through Georgia it passes close to the Georgia-
Alabama line, about two miles west of Colum-
bus, Ga., leaving the state near the intersection
of the Alabama, Georgia and Florida boundary
lines. It tnen crosses tne northwestern part of
Florida and terminates in the Gulf of Mexico at
the city of Apalachicola. The following table
snows the movement of the median lines from
1880 to 1910, inclusive:
Median me- MoTemeBt , n mile8-
ndian.WeSt Median Median
longitude, parallel, meridian,
Tear D- M. S. D. M. S. north'rU. westward
1880.. ' 39 57 00 84 7 12
1890 40 2 51 84 40 1 6.6 27.0
1900.!..'! 40 4 22 84 51 29 2.4 10.8
1910 40 6 24 84 59 59 2.3 7.5
MEDIAN POINT.
The exact location of the median point is In-
dicated by the median lines already shown: in
the following table its approximate location with
reference to certain towns is described:
APPBOXIMATE LOCATION BY IMPORTANT TOWNS.
1880 16 miles nearly due west of Springfield, O.
1890 5 miles southwest of Greenville, 0.
1900.... In Spartanburg, Ind.
1910.... 3 miles south of Winchester. Ind.
Median par-
allel,
Census north latitude.
POPULATION BY COLOE OR RACE.
GENERAL SUMMARY.
Color or race. 1910. 1900.
White .. 81,731,957 66,809,196
Negro 9,827,763 8,833,994
Indipn 265,683 237,196
Chinese 71,531 89,863
Japanese 72,157 24,326
All other 3,175
Total 91,972,266 75,994,575
BY STATES (1910)
State. White.
Alabama 1,228,832
Arizona 171,468
Arkansas 1,131.026
California 2,259,672
Colorado 783,415
Connecticut 1,098,897
Delaware 171,102
District of Columbia 236,128
Florida 443,634
Georgia 1,431, 802
Idaho 319,221
Illinois 5,526,962
Indiana 2.639,961
Iowa 2,209,191
Kansas .1,634,352
Kentucky 2,027,951
Louisiana 941,086
Maine 739,995
Maryland 1,062,639
Massachusetts 3,324.926
Michigan 2,785,247
Minnesota 2,059,227
Mississippi 786,111
Missouri 3,134,932
Montana 360,580
Nebraska :i,180.293
Nevada 74,276
New Hampshire 429,906
New Jersey 2,445.894
New Mexico 304,594
New York 8. 966, 845
North Carolina 1,500,511
North Dakota 569,865
Ohio 4,654,867
Oklahoma 1,444,131
Oregon 655,090
Negro. Indian.
908,282
2,009
442,891
21,645
11,453
15,174
31,181
94,446
1,176,987
651
109,049
60,320
14,973
54,030
713,874
1,363
232,250
38,055
17,115
7,084
1,009,487
157,452
1,834
7,689
513
564
89,760
1,628
134,191
697,843
617
111,452
137.612
1,492
909
29,201
460
16,371
1,482
152
5
68
74
95
3,483
188
279
471
2,444
234
780
892
55
688
7,519
9,053
1,253
313
10,745
3,502
5,240
34
168
20,573
6,046
7,851
6,846
127
74,825
State. White.
Pennsylvania 7,467,713
Khode Island 532,492
South Carolina 679,161
South Dakota 563771
Tennessee 1,711,432
Texas 3,204,848
Ltah 366,583
Vermont 354,298
Virginia 1,389,809
Washington 1,109,111
West Virginia 1,156,817
Wisconsin 2,320,555
Wyoming 140,318
Negro.
193,919
9,529
835,843
817
473,088
690.049
1,144
1,621
671,096
6,058
64,173
2,900
2,235
Total 81,731,957 9,827,763
Indian.
1,503
284
331
19,137
216
702
3,123
26
539
10,997
36
10,142
1,486
265,683
Chinese. Japanese. Other.
Alabama 62 4
Arizona 1,305 371
Arkansas 62 9 1
California 36,248 41,356 2,257
Colorado 373 2,300 1
Connecticut 462 71
Delaware 30 4
District of Columbia 369 47 11
Florida 191 50 1
Georgia 233 4
Idaho 859 1,363 12
Illinois 2,103 285 4
Indiana 276 38 2
Iowa 97 36 3
Kansas 16 107
Kentucky 52 . 12
Louisiana 507 31 110
Maine 108 13 .....
Maryland 378 24
Massachusetts 2,582 151 14
Michigan 241 49
Minnesota 275 67
Mississippi 257 2 4
Missouri 535 99 4
Montana 1,285 1,585 24
Nebraska 112 590 28
Nevada 927 864 55
New Hampshire 67 1
New Jersey 1.139 206
New Mexico 248 258 19
New York 5,266 1,247 19
North Carolina 80 2
North Dakota 39 59
Ohio 569 76
Oklahoma 139 48
Oregon 7,363 3,418 312
Pennsylvania 1,784 190 2
Rnode Island 272 33
South Carolina 57 8
South Dakota 121 42
Tennessee 43 8 2
Texas 595 340 8
Utah 371 2,110 20
Vermont 8 3
Virginia X 154 14
Washington 2,709 12,929 186
West Virginia 90 3
Wisconsin 226 34 3
Wyoming 246 1,596 84
Total 71,531 72,157 3,175
NEGROES IN LARGE CITIES. Pct .
City. 1910. 1900. 1910*.
Albany, N. Y 1,037 1,178 1.0
Atlanta, Ga 51,902 35,727 33.3
Baltimore, Md 84,749 79.258 15.2
Birmingham, Ala 52305 16,575 39.4
Boston, Mass 13,564 11.591 2.0
Bridgeport, Conn 1,332 1,149 1.3
Buffalo, N. Y 1,773 1,698 0.4
Cambridge. Mass 4,707 3,888 4.5
Chicago, 111 44,103 30,150 2.0
Cincinnati, 19,639 14,482 5.4
Cleveland, 8,448 5,988 1.5
Columbus, 12,739 8,201 7.0
Dayton, 4,842 3,387 4.2
Denver, Col 5,426 3,923 2.5
Detroit, Mich 6,741 4,111 1.2
Fall River, Mass 355 324 0.3
92
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
City. 1910. 1900.
Grand Rapids, Mich 665 604
Indianapolis, Ind 21,816 15.931
Jersey City, N. J 5,960 3.704
Kansas City, Mo 23,566 17,567
Los Angeles, Ctal 7,599 2,131
Louisville, Ky 40,522 39.139
Lowell, Mass 133 136
Memphis, Tenn 52,441 49,910
Milwaukee. Wis 980 862
Minneapolis, Miiiu 2.592 1,548
Nashville, Tenn 36,523 30,044
New Haven, Conn 3,561 2,887
New Orleans, La 89,262 77,714
New York, N. Y.. 91,709 60,666
Newark, N. J 9,475 6,694
Oakland, Gal 3,055 1,026
Omah-a, Neb'. 4,426 3,443
Paterson, N. J 1,539 1,182
Philadelphia, Pa 84,459 62,613
Pittsburgh, Pa 25,623 20,355
Portland, Ore 1,045 775
Providence, R. 1 5,316 4,817
Richmond, Va 46,733 32,230
Rochester, N. Y 879 601
St. Louis, Mo 43,960 35,516
St. Paul, Minn 3,144 2,263
San Francisco, Cal 1,642 1.654
Scranton, Pa 567 521
Seattle, Wash 2,296 406
Spokane, W T ash 723 376
Syracuse, N. Y 1,241 1,104
Pet.
1910.
0.6
9.3
9.'5
2.4
18.1
0.1
40.0
0.3
0.9
33.1
2.7
26.3
1.9
2.7
2.0
3.6
1.2
5.5
4.8
0.5
2.4
36.6
0.4
6.4
1.5
0.1
0.4
1.0
0.7
0.9
Pet.
City. 1910. 1900. 1910.
Toledo, O , 1,124 1.034 0.8
Washington, D. C 94,446 86.702 28.5
Worcester, Mass 1,877 1,710 1.1
NEGRO POPULATION BY CENSUS YEARS.
1840 2,873,648
1830 2,328,642
1820 1,771,656
1810 1,377,808
1800 1,002,037
1790 757,206
1910 9,828,294
1900 8,840,789
1890 7,488,788
1880 6,580,793
1870 4,880,009
1860 4,441,830
1850 .^,638.808
PER CENT INCREASE BY COLOR OR RACE
(1900-1910).
Division. White.Negro.*Other.
New England 17.3 12.2 t 0.5
Middle Atlantic , 24.9 28.2 -1.8
East North Central 14.1 16.7 25.3
West North Central 12.8 2.0 0.1
South Atlantic 20.4 10.3 28.5
East South Central 14.1 6.1 1.3
West South Central 40.9 17.1 17.1
Mountain 59. 5 37.7 15.6
Pacific 75.4 99.1 28.4
United States 22.3 11.2 17.4
"Includes Indian, Chinese, . Japanese and all
other, f^liuus sign ( ) denotes decrease.
CLASSIFICATION OF POPULATION BY SEX.
GENERAL SUMMARY
Class. Male.
White 42,178,245 3
1910.
Female. *Ratio.
9,553,712 106.6
4,941,882 98.9
130,550 103.5
4,675 1,430.1
9,087 694.1
83
3,731,955 102.7
4,255,357 104.0
6,459.518 100.0
3,013,080 98.5
5,821,757 129.2
4,639,989 106.0
BY STA1
State.
Minnesota 1
Mississippi ...
Missouri 1
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
NewHampshire
New Jersey... 1
New Mexico..
New York '
North Carolina 1
North Dakota.
Ohio 2
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania. . J
Rhode Island..
South Carolina
South Dakota.
Tennessee .... "
Texas 2
BY PRINCIPAL
City.
Denver, Col
Detroit, Mich...
Fall River, Mass
Gr. Rapids, Mich
Indianapolis, Ind
Jersey City, N.J
Kansas City, Mo.
Los Angeles, Cal
Louisville, Ky.
Lowell, Mass...
Memphis, Tenn
Milwaukee, Wis
Minneap's.Minu
BY CENSUS YEARS.
Year. Male. Female. *Ratio.
1910 . 47.332 277 44 639 989 106
Negro 4 885 881
1900 38 SIR 448 37178197 1044
Indian 135,133
1890
.... 32,237,101 30,710,613 105.0
.... 25,518,820 24,636,963 103.6
19 493 s5 iq nfu sn ins 9.
Chinese 66,856
1880.
1870
All other 3,092
1860 16,085.204 15,358,117 104.7
1850 11,837,660 11,354,216 104.3
1840 . 8 688 532 8 380 921 103 7
Native white 34654,457 3
Native parentage... 25,229, 218 2
Foreign parentage. 6,456,793
Mixed parentage... 2,968,446
Foreign born 7 523 788
1830 6,532,489 6,333,531 103.1
1820 4.896.605 4.741.848 103 9.
*Males to 100
ES (1910).
Male. Female.
,108,511 967.197
905,761 891.353
,687,838 1.605,497
226,866 149,187
627,782 564,432
52,551 29,324
216,290 214. 2S2
,286,463 1,250.704
175.245 152.056
,584,581 4,529.033
,098,471 1,107,816
317,554 259,502
,434.765 2,332,356
881.573 775,582
384.255 288.510
,942,137 3.722.974
270.251 272. 25L
751,842 763.558
317,101 266,787
,103,491 1,081.298
,017,612 1,878,930
, CITIES (1910).
Male. Female.
107,395 105,986
240,354 225.412
57,627 61.668
55,539 57.032
116,069 117.581
137,457 130.322
126,414 121,967
162,669 156.529
108,548 115,380
51,525 54,769
66,270 64.835
189,488 184.369
157,345 144.063
females.
State. Male. Female.
Utah 196,857 176.494
Vermont 182,568 173,388
Virginia 1,035.348 1,026.264
Washington .. 658,650 483.340
West Virginia 644,044 577.075
Wisconsin .... 1,208,541 1,125,319
Wyoming 91,666 54.299
Total population 47,332,277 4
State. Male. Female.
Alabama 1,074.209 1,063.884
Arizona 1.8.5&2 85.772
Arkansas 810,025 764,424
California 1,322,973 1,054,576
Colorado 430,697 368.327
Connecticut .. 563,641 551.115
Delaware 103,435 98,887
Dist. Columbia 158,050 173,019
Florida 394,166 358,453
Georgia 1,305,019 1,304,102
Total 47,332,122 44,640.144
BY GEOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS.
New England... 3,265.137 S.2&7.544
Middle Atlantic.9,813,181 9,502.711
East North Cent. 9,393, 792 8,857.829
West North Cent. 6, 092,869 5,545,052
South Atlantic.. 6,134,600 6,060,295
East South Cent. 4, 245, 170 4,164,731
WestSouthCent.,4,544,485 4,2,40,049
Mountain 1,478,010 1,155.507
Pacific 2 365 878 1 826 426
Idaho 185 546 140 048
Illinois 2,911.653 2,726,938
Indiana 1,383,299 1,317,577
Iowa 1.148,171 1.076.600
Kansas 885 912 805 037
Kentucky .. .. 1,161.709 1,128.196
Louisiana 835,275 821,113
Maine 377,053 365.318
Maryland 644.225 651.121
Massachusetts. 1.655.226 1.711.190
Michigan 1,454.534 1.355.639
Citv. Male. Female.
Albany, N. Y... 48,270 51.983
Atlanta, Ga 74,501 80.338
Baltimore, Md.. 268,195 290.290
Birmingham, Ala. 67,268 65,417
Boston, Mass... 329,703 340.882
Bridgeport, Conn. 52,549 49,505
Buif-ilo, N. Y... 212,502 211,213
Cambridge, Mass. 50,161 54.678
Chicago, 111 1,125.764 1,059.519
Cincinnati, O... 177.511 186,080
Cleveland, O.... 289,262 271,401
Columbus, O 91,4r,2 90,059
Dayton, 58,848 57,729
City. Male. Female.
Nashville, Tenn. 52,155 58.209
NewHa\'n,Conn. 66,695 66.910
Now Orleans, La. 163,239 175,836
New York, N.Y. 2,382,482 2.384.401
Newark, N. J.. 173.389 174.080
Oakland, Cal... 78,222 71,952
Omaha, Neb 64.802 59,294
Paterson, N. J. 62,439 63,161
Philartelphia.Pa. 760,463 788,545
Pittsburgh, Pa.. 273,589 260,316
Portland, Ore... 118.868 88.346
Providence, R.I. 110,288 114.038
Richmond, Va... 60,905 66,723
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
City.
Rochester, N.Y.
St. Louie, Mo..
St. Paul, Minn.
S.Francisco, Cal.
Male. Female.
108,352 109.797
346,068 340.961
111,809 102,935
236,901 180.011
City.
Scran ton. Pa
Seattle, Wash..
Spokane, Wash.
Syracuse, N. Y.
Male. Female.
65,591 64.27R
136,773 100.421
57,513 46.889
68.806 68.443
City.
Toledo, O
Washingt'n.D.C.
Worcester, Mass.
Male. Female.
84,691 83.800
158,050 173,019
73.424 72.562
BY
STATES.
State. 'Total. White.
Alabama 513,111 298,943
Arizona 74,051 65,097
Arkansas 395,824 284,301
California 920,397 846,207
Colorado 271,648 264,603
Connecticut 347,692 342,392
Delaware 61,887 52,804
District of Columbia. 103,761 75,765
Florida 214,195 124,311
Georgia 620,616 353,569
Idaho 110,863 107,469
Illinois 1,743,182 1,701,042
Indiana 822,434 801,431
Iowa 663,672 657,914
Kansas 508,529 490,225
Kentucky 603,454 527,661
Louisiana 414,919 240,001
Maine 235,727 234,855
Maryland 367,908 303,561
Massachusetts 1,021,669 1,006.431
Michigan 870,876 862,222
Minnesota 642,669 636,903
Mississippi 426,953 192,741
Missouri 973,062 919,480
Montana 155,017 148,733
Nebraska 353.626 348,915
New Hampshire 136,668 136,393
Nevada 40,026 36,632
New Jersey 774,702 744,843
New Mexico 94,637 88,733
New York 2,836,773 2,783,371
North Carolina 506,134 357,611
North Dakota 173,890 171,941
Ohio 1,484.265 1,444,477
Oklahoma 447,266 395,377
Oregon 257,188 245,343
Pennsylvania 2,309,026 2,242,597
Rhode Island 163,834 160,412
South Carolina 335,046 165,769
South Dakota 178,189 172,722
Tennessee 552,668 433.431
Texas 1,003.357 835,962
Utah 104,115 100,436
Vermont 113,506 112,513
Virginia 523.532 363.659
Washington 441,294 422,679
West Virginia 338.349 315,498
Wisconsin 683,743 679,841
Wyoming 63,201 59,698
MEN OF VOTING AGE 21 YEAES AND OVER.
Negro.
213.923
764
111,365
8,143
4,283
4,765
9,050
27,621
266,814
328
39,983
20,651
5,443
17,588
75,694
174,211
476
63,963
12,591
6,266
3,390
233,701
52,921
851
3,225
200
229
28,601
644
45,877
146,752
311
36,841
766
64,272
3.067
169,155
341
White. Negro.
City. 'Total.
Milwaukee, Wis 113,106
Minneapolis, Minn 105,305
Nashville, Tenn 30,774
New Haven, Conn 40,510
New Orleans, La 96,997
New York, N. Y 1,433,749
Newark, N. J 103,234
Oakland, Cal 53,967
Omaha, Neb 43,216
Patersou, N. J 36,873
Philadelphia, Pa 468,813
Pittsburgh, Pa 166,424
Portland, Ore 88,908
Providence, R. 1 68,983
Richmond, Va 37,204
Rochester, N. Y 69.564
St. Louis, Mo 221,913
St. Paul, Minn 72,073
San Francisco, Cal 175,951
Scranton, Pa 37,059
Seattle, Wash 101,685
Spokane, Wash 40,254
Syracuse, N. Y: 44,713
Toledo. 52,748
Washington, D. C 103,761
Worcester, Mass 45,601
'Includes Indian. Chinese, etc.
NOTE Of the native white males 21 years of
age and over in 1910, 13,211.731. or 48.9 per cent,
were of native parentage, and 4,498,966. or 16.7
per cent, were of foreign or mixed parentage
The foreign born whites 21 years of age and over
numbered 6,646,817. or 24.6 per cent.
CITIZENSHIP OF FOREIGN BORN WHITE
MALKS (1910).
Twenty-one years of age and over.
BY STATES.
State. Naturalized. 1st papers.
112,651
,396
103.961
1,227
28,023
9,713
39,233
1,191
71.387
25,269
1,397,766
30,855
99,998
3,015
49,163
1,238
41,263
1,885
36,343
453
439,654
28.120
156,818
9,362
81,921
525
66,948
1,765
23,911
13,279
69,217
305
205,065
16,381
70,439
1,573
164,127
831
36,837
216
85,052
1,204
39,439
305
44,261
437
51,990
719
75,765
27,621
45,147
384
568
975
159.593
3,170
22,757
1.082
1,325
United States 26,999,151 24,357,514 2,458,873
Includes 62.967 Indians, 60,421 Chinese and
66,638 Japanese.
BY PRINCIPAL CITIES.
City. "Total. White. Negro.
Albany, N. Y 32,000 31,586
Atlanta, Ga 44.510 30,577
Baltimore, Md 163.554 137,025
Birmingham, Ala 40,699 24,248
Boston, Mass 208,321 202,105
Bridgeport, Conn 32.991 32,461
Buffalo, N. Y 128,133 127,300
Cambridge, Mass 30.262 28,777
Chicago, 111 700,590 680,950
Cincinnati, 113,919 106,508
Cleveland, 177,386 173,847
Columbus. 60,892 55,821
Dayton, 38,236 36,432
Denver, Col 71.990 69,256
Detroit, Mich 150,017 147,737
Fall River. Mass 31,647 31,441
Grand Ranirls, Mich 34,295 34,008
Indianapolis, Ind 76,743 69,141
Jersey City, N. J 80,866 78,617
Kansas City, Mo 87,457 78,269
Los Angeles. Cal 114,889 107.633
Louisville, Ky 67,676 53,980
Lowell. Mass 31,300 31.206
Memphis, Tenn 44,309 27,031
Alabama 4,841
Arizona 5,912
e ! Arkansas 5,284
California 137,274
Colorado 35,245
Connecticut 60,608
Delaware : 3,707
District of Columbia.. 6,474
Florida 5,959
Georgia 4,023
Idaho 12,817
Illinois 317,339
Indiana 42,533
Iowa 90,573
Kansas 39,145
Kentucky 13,225
Louisiana 10,024
379 Maine 14,994
13,865 I Maryland 24,256
26,214 I Massachusetts 189,126
16,441 Michigan 167,304
5,070 Minnesota 179,187
471 Mississippi 2,445
740 Missouri 65,612
1,384 I Montana 27,635
17,845 I Nebraska 57,270
T.,387 Nevada 5.606
3,298 i New Hampshire 16,415
5.028 [ New Jersey , 128,438
1.7S1 New Mexico. 4,267
1,199 New York 502,083
2,224 North Carolina 1,439
133 North Dakota 46.686
264 Ohio 142,465
7.556 I Oklahoma 12,074
2,104 i Oregon 29,675
9,101 I Pennsylvania 248,827
2.571 i Rhode Island 32,040
13,687 South Carolina 1,602
44 South Dakota 32,495
17,238 "-Tennessee 5,444
684
1,113
595
27,768
6,536
9,103
658
1,058
783
625
2,478
43,482
13,320
6,654
6.173
815
1,166
1,490
3,278
30,016
26,235
26,222
257
10,117
6,749
9,924
1,282
1,421
24,511
709
131,085
194
9,824
17,509
1.477
7,591
46,416
5,314
184
8,020
464
Alien.
2,793
14,574
1,388
99,940
19,615
69,431
3.1S9
2.304
7,411
1,846
6.215
174,581
18.354
20,275
12,247
2,754
9,151
23,672
13,573
212,033
76.550
58,132
1,233
25,835
16,937
12,347
4.479
19,377
122.076
6,048
475,259
827
10,965
113.856
4,449
17.430
367.766
739
4,376
1,867
ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
State. Naturalized. 1st papers
Texas 43 383 6 833
. Alien.
37,865
9,626
9,652
4,693
43,202
22,545
42,937
8,125
2,266.535
34.1
11.7 per
s of age
. Alien.
1,661
565
9,559
839
40,516
8,136
16,255
5,866
124.553
6,250
40,221
2.349
2,964
3,801
28,733
10,594
3,301
1,795
14,404
2,564
8,662
1,152
9,897
808
14,435
10,305
170
7,693
3,703
339,473
19,204
5.968
2,868
6,029
City. Natui
Philadelphia Pa
alized. 1st papers. Alien.
69,415 15,533 63,156
28,797 5,355 28,439
11,251 3,058 7,097
12,988 2,815 14,910
943 123 503
13,003 2,947 8,361
33,081 7,049 15,918
17,071 2,586 5,576
36,375 10,681 21,872
7,930 964 6,801
16,438 3,068 11,474
5,495 1,374 3,451
7,036 862 4,715
8,752 724 4,308
6,474 1,058 2,304
9,126 1,514 11,184
AGE AND OVER (1910).
State. Number.
New York 2,757,521
North Carolina 519,575
North Dakota.. 122,406
Ohio 1,398,341
Utah .. . 15351 2415
Pittsburgh, Pa
Vermont . 10 811 1 t64
Portland, Ore
Virginia 6,411 859
Providence, R. I
Richmond Va
Washington 68 895 15 258
West Virginia 7,263 1,353
Wisconsin 142 848 47 708
Rochester, N. Y
St. Louis Mo
Wyoming 6 837 1 937
St Paul Minn
San Francisco, Cal
Scranton, Pa
Seattle Wash
Total 3 034 117 570 772
Per cent 45.6 8.6
NOTE The citizenship of 775,393, or
cent, of the foreign born males 21 year
and over was not reported.
BY PRINCIPAL CITIES.
City. Naturalized. 1st papers
Albany NY 4 827 462
Spokane, Wash
Syracuse, N. Y
Toledo
Washington, D. C
Worcester, Mass
WOMEN 21 YEARS OF
State. Number.
Alabama 501,959
Arizona 43,891
Arkansas 351,994
California 671,386
Atlanta Ga. ... .... 1011 193
Baltimore Md 16 643 2 664
Birmingham, Ala 1,179 186
Boston Mass . . . . 47 791 10 438
Bridgeport Conn . 6563 1038
Buffalo, N. Y 29,409 4,413
Cambridge Mass 7162 ' 1189
Chicago, 111 190,693 31,585
Cincinnati O 17 253 1 733
Colorado 213,425
Connecticut ... 335,131
Delaware 58,442
Dist. Columbia. 116,148
Florida 178,685
Oklahoma 356, 194
Oregon 168,323
Pennsylvania... 2,114,008
Rhode Island.. 166.391
South Carolina 343,958
South Dakota.. 134,187
Tennessee 542,408
Cleveland 'o 40*482 7 8 6
Columbus O . 4 453 414
Dayton, O 3*451 396
Denver, Col 10,959 2,102
Idaho 69,818
Fall River, Mass 8,368 732
Grand Rapids, Mich 7,758 1,016
Indianapolis Ind .. 6 088 1 189
Illinois 1,567,491
Indiana 770,658
Iowa 603.644
Kansas 438,934
Kentucky ..... 579,756
Louisiana 395,354
Maine 225 73-i
Texas 884,218
Utah 85,729
Vermont 1P6.S83
Virginia 518,473
Washington ... 277,727
West Virginia. 284,969
Wisconsin 611,157
Jersey City N J 16*556 3 067
Kansas City, Mo '. 6,953 890
Los Angeles, Oal 14,097 2,730
Louisville Ky 5704 380
Maryland 373,819
Massachusetts.. 1,074.485
Michigan 786,033
Minnesota .*.... 512,411
Mississippi .... 412,941
Missouri 896,152
Montana 81,741
Nebraska 298,040
Nevada 18,140
New Hampshire 135,372
New Jersey 736,659
New Mexico 73,152
Foreign or mixed pa
Lowell Mass . . 7 028 427
Unit'd States. 24,555,754
White 22 059 236
Memphis, Tenn 1,664 197
Milwaukee Wis 26155 9887
Minneapolis Minn . . 23 462 5 427
Native par-
entage 12,484,481
Foreign par-
entage* ... 4,567,647
Foreign born.. 5,007,108
Negro 2,427,742
Indian 60,169
Other 8,607
Nashville, Tenn 951 80
New Haven Conn 8628 1426
New Orleans La 6 138 595
New York N Y 318 091 106 525
Newark N J 21427 4982
Oakland Cal 10237 2004
Omaha Neb 7 079 2 103
Paterson N J 9,817 1387
rentage.
MALES OF MILITIA AGE 18 TO 44 YEARS (1910).
State.
Number.
401,145
58,962
311,792
665,522
203,982
257,996
44,634
78,349
171,688
497,095
86,384
1,330,556
580,557
475.829
State.
Number.
370,227
457,493
338,343
151,325
271.373
760,324
616,729
491,113
345,745
721,166
123,232
267,497
29,383
90.357
State.
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota..
Ohio
Number.
. 597,513
73,097
. 2,156,361
. 392,192
. 145,628
. 1,076,928
. 357,933
190 553
State. Number.
Texas 804 980
Arizona
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine . . .
Utah 84 449
Arkansas
Vermont . 73 685
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Dist. Columbia.
Florida
Virginia 398 728
Maryland
Massachusetts...
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
Washington .... 340,872
West Virginia.. 275,048
Wisconsin 497,922
Wyoming 54,654
United States. 20,473,684
Total in 1900.. 16,182,702
Per cent 1910* 22.3
Per cent 1900* 21.3
ulation.
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania, ..
Rhode Island..
South Carolina.
South Dakota..
Tennessee
*Per cent of
. 1,788,619
. 125,213
. 276,788
. 140,635
. 423,088
total POD
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa ..
POPULATION BY AGE PERIODS.
Age period. Total.
Under 5 years 10,631,364
Under 1 year 2,217,342
5 to 9 years 9,760,632
10 to 14 years 9,107,140
15 to 19 years 9,063,603
20 to 24 years 9,056,984
25 to 29 years 8,180.003
30 to 34 years 6,972,185
35 to 39 years 6,396,100
40 to 44 years 5,261,587
45 to 48 years 4,469,197
50 to 54 years 3,900,791
Male.
5,380,596
1,123,409
4,924,123
4,601,753
4,527,282
4,580,290
Female.
5,250,768
1,093,933
4,836,509
4,505,387
4,536,321
4 476,694
Age period.
55 to 59 years
60 to 64 years
65 to 69 years
70 to 74 years
75 to 79 years
80 to 84 years
Total.
.. 2,786,951
.. 2,267,150
.. 1,679.503
.. 1,113,728
.. 667,3v,2
.. 321,754
. 122 818
Male.
1,488,437
1,185,966
863,994
561,644
331,286
153,745
56 335
Female.
1.298,514
1,081,184
815,509
552,084
336,022
168,009
66 483
4,244,348
3,656,768
3,367,016
2 786 350
3,935,655
3,315.417
3,029,084
2 475 237
90 to 94 years
95 to 99 years
100 years and over.
33,473
7,391
3,555
169 055
14,553
3,045
1,380
114 443
18,920
4,346
2,175
54 612
2 378 916
2,110,013
1,790,718
All ages...
.91.972,266
47.332.277
44.639.989
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
URBAN AND RURAL, POPULATION BY AGE
U910).
Population. Pet. of total.
Age period. Urban. Rural. Urban. Rural.
Under 5 years. . 4.200,291 6,431,073 9.9 13,0
5 to 9 years... . 3,773,917 5,986,715 8.9 12.1
10 to 14 years. . 3,627,408 5,479,732 8.5 11.1
15 to 19 years. . 4,003,271 5,060,332 9.4 10.3
20 to 24 years. . 4,570,558 4,486,426 10.7 9.1
25 to 29 years. . 4,338,392 3,841,611 10.2 7.8
30 to 34 years. . 3,697,202 3,274,983 8.7 6.6
35 to 44 years. , 6,133,259 5,524,428 14.4 11.2
45 to 54 years. . 4,185,722 4,184,266 9.8 8.5
55 to 64 years. . 2,302,142 2,751,959 5.4 5.C
65 years ando\er. 1,693,010 2,256,514 4.0 4.6
T to 14 years.. . 7,401,325 11,466,447 1T~A 28.2
15 to 24 years. . 8,573,829 9,546,758 20.1 19.3
25 to 44 years. .14,168,853 12,641,022 33.2 25.6
45 to 64 years. . 6,487,864 6,936,225 15.2 14.1
All ages 42 623 383 49 348 883 46 3 53 7
Age period. White. Negro. Indian.
Under 5 years 9,322,914 ,263,288 40,384
5 to 9 years 8,475,173 ,246,553 36,541
10 to 14 years 7,918,408 ,155,266 31,39i
15 to 19 years 7,968,391 ,060,416 28,486-
20 to 24 years 7,986,411 ,030,795 21,844
25 to 29 years 7,257,136 881,227 18,137
30 to 34 years 6267276 668089 15,24$
35 to 39 years 5 731 845 633 449 14 834
40 to 44 years 4,780,272 455,413 11,961
45 to 49 years 4,061,062 385,909 9,887
50 to 54 years 3.555,313 326,070 9,345
55 to 59 years 2 564 206 209 622 7 171
60 to 64 years 2 069 323 186 502 6 524
65 to 69 years 1,549,954 123,550 4,482
70 to 74 years 1,030,884 78,839 3,382
75 to 79 years 620,992 44,018 2,105
80 to 84 years.. .. 294555 25579 1 56S
85 to 89 years 110,936 11,166 691
90 to 94 years 27,161 5,850 45S
95 to 99 years 4 757 2 447 187
AGE'PERIODS BY COLOR (1910).
Age period. White. Negro. Indian.
Under 1 year 1,955605 252386 8216
100 years and over.. 764 2,675 116-
Age unknown . . 134 224 31 040 949<
All ages 81 731 957 9 827 763 265 68&
POPULATION BY MARI
UNITED STATES AS A WHOLE ALL AGES.
Male. Female.
Condition. Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
TAL CONDITION (1910).
Di-
Single. Married. Widowed, vorced.
45 to 64 Male... 722,701 5,771,630 598,642 58.177
Female 499,564 4,383,497 1,324,838 47,134
Single 27,455,607 58.0 23,522,121 52.7
65 and over Male 123,322 1,303,768 539,058 13,075
Married 18,093,498 38.2 17,688,169 39.6
MARITAL CONDITION BY NATIVITY AND
COLOR.
POPULATION 15 YEARS OF AGE AND OVEB.
Wid- Di-
State and sex. Single. Married, owed. vorced.
Native white Nat.
par'ntage Male.6,185,324 9,144,099 728,883 87,456
Female 4 644 1 9 2 9 219 385 1 523 560 100 053
Widowed 1471472 31 3176426 71
Divorced 156,176 0.3 185,101 0.4
Not reported 155 524 03 68 172 2
POPULATION 15 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER.
Male. Female.
Condition. Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
Single 12550,129 387 8,933,170 29.7
Married . . . . 18 092 600 55 8 17 684 687 58 9
Widowed 1 471 390 45 3 176 228 10 6
Native white For-
eign or mixed par-
entageMale ..2.906,042 2,677,706 160,779 24.688
Female 2 453 017 3 008 623 382 318 30 206
Divorced 156,162 05 185068 0.6
Not reported 155 524 05 68 172 2
MARITAL CONDITION BY AGE PERIODS.
Di-
Age period. Single. Married. Widowed. vorced.
15 to 19 Male... 4, 448,067 51,877 1,110 347
Female 3,985,764 513,239 10,261 3,650
20 to 24 Male... 3,432,161 1,100,093 18,815 6,732
Female 2,163683 2225362 55354 20370
Foreign born white
Male 2 268 916 4 432 135 384 726 23 059
Female 994*110 3 624 003 800 112 20 542
Negro Male 1 083*472 1,749*228 189,970 20,146
Female 823,996 1,775,949 459,831 33.286
Indian Male 27,391 46,154 5,319 679
Female 16324 49,095 10,071 959
25 to 34 Male... 2,767,957 4,964,769 110,431 34,571
Female 1 516 726 5 443 894 224 327 57 262
Chinese Male ... 34,330 26,449 1,139 45
Female 680 2,016 229 5
35 to 44 Male... 1,026,502 4,873,153 198*701 42,688
Female . . 628 516 4 410 310 411 896 49 269
Japanese Male .. 42,688 15,918 495 86
Fpmalp 908 5.581 96 17
FOREIGN BORN POPULATIO
TOTAL FOREIGN BORN. *Pct. in-
Country of birth. 1910. 1900. crease.
Northwestern Europe.... 6,740,400 7,016,311 3.9
Great Britain 1,221,283 1,167,623 4.6
England 877 719 840 513 4 4
N OF THE UNITED STATES,
Pet. In-
Country of birth. 1910. 1900. crease.
Balkan peninsula 220,946
Roumania 65,923 15,032 338.6
Bulgaria 11498
Scotland 261 076 233 524 11 8
Wales 82 488 93 586 11 9
Ireland 1 352*251 1 615*459 16 3
Greece 101,282 8,515 1089.5
Germany 2.501,333 2,813,628 11.1
Turkey in Europe 32,230 9,910
Scandinavian countries.. 1,250.733 1,072,092 16.7
Norwav 403,877 336,388 20.1
Europe 11,791,841 8,871,780 32.9
China .... 56,756 81,534 30.4
Sweden 665,207 582,014 14.3
Denmark 181,649 153,690 18.2
Japan 67,744 24,788 173.3
India 4,664 2,031 12*.6
Belgium 49,400 29,757 66.0
Luxemburg 3,071 3,031 1.3
Turkey in Asia 59,729
Other Asiatic 2,591 11,895 78.2
France 117,418 104,197 12.7
Switzerland . . 124.848 115 593 8
Asia 191,484 120,248 69.2
Canada Newfoundland . 1,209,717 1,179,922 2.5
Canada French 385,083 395,126 2.5
Southern and Eastern Eu-
rope 5048583 1,832894 175.4
Canada Other 819 554 784 796 4 4
Portugal 59 360 30 608 93 9
West Indies 47 635 25 435 87 3
Spain . 22 108 7 050 213 6
Cuba 15 133 11 081 36 6
Italy 1343125 484,027 177.5
Other West Indies 32,502 14,354 126.4
Mexico 221,915 108,393 114.6
Russia and Finland 1,732,462 640,743 170.4
Finland 129,680 67,039 107.0
Austria-Hungary 1 670 582 637 009 162.3
Central America 1,736 3,897 55.5
South America 8,228 4,733 73.8
Austria 1,174,973 491,295 139.2
Hungary .. . 495.609 145.714 240.1
America 1,489,231 1,317,380 13.0
Africa 3,992 2,538 ff7.3
1)6
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
*Pct. in-
Oountry of birth. 1910. 1900. crease.
Australia 9,035 6807 32.7
POPULATION OF FOREIGN BIRTH OR PAR-
ENTAGE BY STATES (1910).
Parentage.
Foreign t -Mixed
State. born. *Foreign. foreign.
Alabama . 19 286 32 417 2 8 9 9
Atlantic islands.... 18274 9768 871
Pacific islands.... 2 415 2 013 20
Country not specified.... 2,687 2,546 5.5
Born at sea 6,927 8,196 15.5
Arizona 48*765 42*176 2,*206
Total foreign born 13,515,886 10,341,276 30.7
*Minus sign ( ) denotes decrease.
NOTE Tlie figures for Europe include 2,858
from countries not specified in 1910 and 22,575 in
1900. Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro were in-
cluded under "country not specified" in 1900.
Turkey in Europe and Turkey in Asia were com-
bined in the 1900 census. Newfoundland was in-
cluded with Canada in 1900 census.
POPULATION OF FOREIGN BIRTH OR PAR-
ENTAGE (1910). Bo th One
Foreign parents parent
Country of origin. born. foreign, foreign.
Austria 1 174 924 709 070 117 565
Arkansas 17,046 36,608 2,414
California 586 432 635 889 61 244
Colorado 129*587 181*428 14*683
Connecticut 329 574 374 489 20 720
Delaware 17 492 25*873 1*666
District of Columbia. 24J902 45*066 3*031
Florida 40 633 35 825 2 861
Georgia . . 15 477 25*672 1*698
Illinois 1205*314 1723*847 99*659
Indiana . 159 663 350*551 14*293
Kansas 135*450 292*105 17*433
Kentucky 40 162 124*704 5*597
Louisiana 52*766 112^717 8*146
Maine 110562 134955 6*101
Belgium ... ' 49*397 26*448 13*419
Maryland 104944 191*838 7*994
Bulgaria* 21*451 948 286
Massachusetts 1,059,245 1,170,447 80,901
Michigan 597 550 964 882 69 997
Canada French 385*083 330,976 216,179
Canada Other 810,987 859,204 704,099
Denmark . .. 181 621 147 648 70 795
Missouri 229*799 518*.20l 27*483
Montana 94 713 106 809 9 137
England 876*455 592*285 853*702
France . 117*236 78*937 96*216
Nebraska 176*662 362*353 19*177
Germany . . 2 501*181 3 911 847 1 869 590
Nevada 19 691 20 951 2 256
Greece '101*264 ' 5*524 ' 2877
New Hampshire 96,667 103,117 4*328
New Jersey 660,788 777,797 52,982
New Mexico ... 23 146 26 331 1 351
Hungary 495 600 191 059 13 568
Ireland 1 352*155 2 141 577 1 010 628
New York 2 748 Oil 3 007*248 204*767
Mexico . '219*802 107*866 54*333
North Carolina ,... ' e'o92 ' 8*851 *416
North Dakota 156654 251236 16429
Netherlands 120 053 116 331 57 190
Ohio . .. 598374 1024*393 53*139
Portugal 57 623 41 680 11 819
Oklahoma 40*442 ' 94*044 5* 9 93
Roumania 65*920 20*707 1 094
Oregon . ... ... 113 136 135 238 12*323
Russia Finland ... 1 732 421 949 1516 70 938
Pennsylvania 1,442*,374 l,80e!267 104*,223
Rhode Island 179141 194646 12688
Scotland 261 034 175 391 223 238
Spain 21977 4387 6770
South Carolina , 6,179 11,137 *592
South Dakota 100790 217491 12577
Sweden 665183 546788 152244
Switzerland 124 834 90 669 86 147
Tennessee 18607 38367 2456
Turkey in Asia 59,702 17,480 1,449
Turkey in Europe 32,221 2,560 533
Wales S 9 479 84 934 81 534
Texas . 241938 361*914 13*143
Utah 65 822 131*527 16*675
Vermont 49*921 75*055 3*235
Other for. countries.. 88,014 31,362 40,919
Virginia . .. 27657 37*943 2*262
Total 13 345 545 12 916 311 5 981 526
Wisconsin 512*.865 1,044*761 50*297
*Includes Serbia and Montenegro,
f Parents born in different foreign countries.
NOTE The above table includes white residents
of the United States born abroad (foreign born),
those having both parents born in the country
specified (both parents foreign) and those having
one parent born in the country specified and the
other in the United States (one parent foreign).
FOREIGN BORN POPUlI
CLASSIFIED BY CO1
Cana
State. Austria. Belgium. 'Bulgaria. French.
Alabama 904 45 106 96
Arizona . 1 483 50 371 177
Total 13 515 886 18 897 837 1 177 092
*Native white persons having both parents
born in same country, or one parent born in
foreign country and the other in the United
States. fNative whites whose parents were born
in different foreign countries.
[riON BY STATES (1910).
JNTRY OF ORIGIN.
da. 1
Other. China. tCuba.Denm'rk.Engrnd.Finl'nd.
737 44 230 197 2,365 38
1,650 1,016 37 884 3,500 560
955 44 27 178 1,519 15
41,568 27,764 854 14,209 48.703 6,159
8,792 320 99 2,756 12,928 1,239
7,868 385 341 2,724 22,463 776
441 29 34 52 1,558 9
1.052 270 243 176 3,638 21
1,577 156 17,050 295 3,078 89
731 174 226 112 1,671 49
4,575 773 13 2,254 4,983 652
3S.311 1,560 551 17,369 60.363 2,390
5,049 196 82 900 9,783 215
10,675 76 76 17,961 16,788 140
6,101 16 74 2,760 11,262 49
972 34 42 78 2,619 18
941 346 630 239 2,086 118
41,210 65 80 929 5,651 831
1,320 299 453 237 5,211 47
162.710 1,873 2,287 3,405 92,658 10,744
144,780 187 150 6,315 42,737 31,144
30,059 249 112 16,137 12,139 26,637
7,290 452 272 1,729 13,760 120
10,968 1,098 39 1,943 8,981 4,111
Arkansas 1,268 111 17 119
California 17,165 1,464 880 3,109
Colorado 13.043 375 609 789
Connecticut .... 23.642 330 59 18,889
Delaware 992 8 1 63
Dist. Columbia. 459 41 10 - 109
Florida 228 50 14 151
Georgia 349 27 6 70
Idaho 1,561 94 576 796
Illinois 163,025 9,399 1,875 7,440.
Indiana .... 11 831 2 298 576 789
Iowa 15,967 929 63i 944
Kansas 12,094 1,703 118 1,087
Kentucky 1,032 73 77 98
Louisiana . 1 597 292 25 250
Maine 831 30 32 35,013
Maryland v 8 254 59 31 110
Massachusetts . 35,455 1,745 169 134.659
Michigan 31,034 5,683 375 28,083
Minnesota 37.121 1,557 2,421 11,062
Missouri 16,222 1,000 451 779
Montana 8,350 235 2,155 2,874
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
State.
Nebraska 24,362
Nevada 822
New Hampshire 2,438
New Jersey 56,779
New Mexico 1,233
New York 245,004
North Carolina.. 139
North Dakota... 5,149
Ohio 72,887
Oklahoma 3,889
Oregon 5,241
Pennsylvania ..251,774
Rhode Island.... 6,130
South Carolina.
South Dakota...
Tennessee
Texas
Utah 1,870
Vermont 1,087
Virginia 1,281
Washington .... 12,745
West Virginia.. 8,360
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Austria. Belgium.
222
5,372
637
20,570
.... 38,692
491
26
175
1,867
44
3,484
5
229
1,525
191
573
5,250
959
97
237
27
328
74
25
48
1,228
800
4,020
, Canada.
'Bulgaria. French. Other.
183
178
21
122
167
1,033
2
115
1,095
1,407
50
1
501
11
240
346
2
10
1,647
100
393
331
674
272
40,865
1,203
111
24,563
29
2,376
2,310
320
1.146
l,24n
34,087
39
998
91
356
114
14,643
104
3,711
88
7,992
143
China. fCuba.Denm'rk.Engl'nd.Flnl'nd.
State.
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut ....
Delaware
Dist. Columbia.
Florida
Iucluding Serbia and Montenegro. fAnd other West Indies.
13,674
616
131
5.059
116
12,544
36
5,355
1,837
550
3,215
3,034
328
51
6,294
163
1,289
8,300
172
240
7,804
67
16,454
962
France. Germany. Greece. Hungary. Ireland.
592
17,407
1,374
2,619
170
511
285
Georgia 224
Idaho 333
Illinois 7,972
Indiana 2,388
Iowa 1,618
Kansas 2,657
Kentucky 645
Louisiana 5,345
Maine 290
Maryland 552
Massachusetts.. 5,926
Michigan 2,421
Minnesota 1,460
Missouri 2,794
Montana 639
Nebraska 639
Nevada 653
New Hampshire 169
New Jersey 6,240
New Mexico 326
New York 23,472
North Carolina. 114
North Dakota... ' 265
Ohio 4,838
Oklahoma 749
Oregon 1,159
Pennsylvania .. 10,003
Rhode Island.... 1,711
South Carolina.. 70
South Dakota... 252
Tennessee 305
Texas 1,821
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington ...
West Virginia..
Wisconsin
Wyoming
303
219
300
2,340
535
1,396
316
3,603
1,846
5,815
76,307
17,071
31,127
2,573
5,179
2,446
3,029
5,049
319,199
62,179
98,759
34,508
19,351
8,926
1,282
36,657
30,555
131,586
109,628
88,226
8,669
57,302
1,916
2,046
122,880
1,746
436,911
1,074
16,572
175,095
10,090
17,958
195,202
4,459
1,744
21.544
3,903
44,929
3.963
798
4,228
29,388
6,327
233,384
2,638
633
10
179
372
2,272
1,074
34
342
886
941
1,843
10,031
1,370
3,356
1,410
273
237
579
463
11,413
1,196
1,660
2,790
1,905
3,459
1,051
2,634
1,575
167
10,097
174
1,083
2,555
590
3,555
4,221
951
282
231
374
756
4,039
113
721
4,187
787
2,764
1,915
22
285
799
1,632
13,855
247
155
79
230
202
39,859
14,370
1,178
1,078
725
397
157
2,089
1,996
11,597
5,582
11,532
1,486
1.453
44
66
47,610
209
37
2,855
85,881
348
1,160
123.498
294
40
594
376
926
171
539
1,784
1,160
5,939
10,554
437
State. Portugal.]
Alabama 4
Arizona 29
Arkansas 1
California 22,539
Colorado 43
Joumnni
108
16
38
1,120
334
718
39
41
323
85
19
4,306
a. Russia.
1,531
311
760
16,610
13,618
54,121
3,429
3,393
547
3,224
743
149,016
Scotland.
1,120
576
442
13,695
4.269
6,750
344
705
606
527
1,282
20,755
Connecticut . . .
Delaware
Dist. Columbia.
Florida
707
1
2
30
23
49
291
Georgia
Idaho ..
Illinois
1,167
1,159
1,079
44,476
8,710
58,458
3,985
5,347
1.069
1,655
1,782
93,455
11,266
17,756
8,100
5,914
3,757
7,890
9,705
222,867
20,434
15,859
23,297
9,469
8,124
1,702
10,613
82,758
644
367,889
306
2,498
40,062
1,801
4,995
165,109
29,718
676
2,980
2.296
5,357
1,657
4,940
2,450
10,180
2,292
14,049
1,359
Italy.
2,696
699
1,699
22,777
14,375
56.954
2,893
2,761
4,538
545
2,067
72,163
6,911
5,845
3,520
1,316
20,333
3,468
6,969
85,056
16,861
9,669
12,984
6,592
3,799
2.831
2,071
115,446
1.959
472,201
521
1,262
41,620
2,564
5,538
196,122
27,287
316
1,158
2,034
7,190
3,117
4,594
2,449
13,121
17.292
9,273
1,961
Japan.
284
9
10,264
2,245
65
4
44
46
5
1,330
274
41
33
111
11
30
12
23
150
56
67
100
1,566
583
254
1,163
2
58
70
47
3,277
181
30
7
38
8
316
2,050
3
14
12,177
4
34
1,575
Mexico.
81
14,172
132
8.086
2,602
19
2
26
145
25
133
672
47
28
10
71
86
52
1,413
67
290
732
6
97
11,918
555
10
2,744
199
153
8
2
15
45
125,016
166
6
12
145
10
39
188
8,009
1,793
4,862
50,375
1,101
146,870
940
3.070
43,347
2.981
7,998
109,115
27,834
517
4,024
2,045
8,498
18,083
2,464
3.687
19,430
3,511
13,959
2,985
Nether-
lands.
127
23
145
1,015
710
64
85
52
261
14,402
2,131
11,337
906
140
113
27
203
1,597
33,471
3,542
988
1,054
872
44
48
12,698
86
12,652
28
709
2,278
230
618
1,231
143
19
2,656
78
424
1,392
25
99
2,157
60
7,379
79
79
174
1,198
1,640
26
8,760
18
1,186
3,988
18
4,734
2,413
297
42
1,38}
160
1,012
293
50
8,709
127
5,705
1,380
Nor-
way.
266
123
76
5,060
1,787
1,265
38
149
304
145
2,566
32,913
531
21,924
1,294
53
295
580
363
5,432
7,638
105,303
660
7,170
2,750
255
491
5,351
151
25,013
39
45,937
1,110
351
6,843
2,320
578
82
20,918
89
1,785
2,305
102
311
12,177
38
57,000
623
Turkey Turkey
Spain. Sweden. Switzerland. (Asia). (Europe). Wales.
74
857
9
4,229
177
92
5
51
4,199
91
1,647
364
753
845
385
26,212
12,446
18,208
332
359
729
289
4,985
115,424
213
314
804
14,521
1,767
1,806
78
281
146
169
1,319
8,661
389
128
169
3,709
333
1,738
. 10
139
291
376
73
2,690
128
44
45
812
217
696
9
41
744
99
129
2,453
230
210
148
2,416
1 989
6
34
87
63
89
722
4,091
98
ALMANAC
AND YEAR-BOOK FOR
1917.
State. Portugal
.Roumania. Russia. Scotland. Spain. Sweden.!
709 9,599 3,419 40 5,081
384 6,310 5,162 40 26,763
67 15,311 3,591 282 13,309
100 3,222 641 24 190
111 1,805 455 719 344
20 4,752 2,389 111 2,203
220 27,537 1,955 84 421
858 117,261 28,416 549 39,562
510 37,978 9,952 53 26,374
2,008 17,541 4,373 53 122,428
1,522 21,402 3,651 266 6,654
266 2,228 3,373 49 6,412
295 13,020 2,242 21 23,219
8 135 469 778 708
26 4,345 1,979 17 2,068
2,208 93,567 17,512 495 10,547
6 228 509 100 365
34,443 558,956 39,437 3,766 53,705
7 711 435 8 112
1,070 31,910 1,696 13 12,160
3,974 48,756 10,705 . -, 123 5,522
27 5,807 1,218" '~ 47 1,028
258 5,321 3,387 462 10,099
7,752 240,985 32,046 354 23,467
415 9,765 6,272 40 7,405
9 786 239 14 95
55 13,189 1,102 5 9,998
77 2,484 561 26 363
259 6,739 2,038 848 4,706
18 568 2,853 24 7,227
17 2,455 2,615 351 1,331
' 72 4,379 1,246 69 368
211 10,961 7,101 385 32,199
259 5,143 1,088 464 279
446 29,644 3,885 34 25,739
57 763 1,812 120 2,497
BOEN IN CITIES OF 250,000 OE MORE
Gin- Cleve-
>. Boston. Buffalo. Chicago, clnnati. land.
2,413 9,284 132,063 1,638 42,059
682 37 2,665 24 90
36 10 515 184 46
3,098 566 4,633 73 571
47,802 16,868 26,688 887 8,794
819 57 1,335 16 155
1,070 45 393 40 71
1,031 200 11,484 79 448
13,671 7,070 27,912 1,872 11,420
455 58 1,191 10 499
1,081 684 3,036 665 494
8,701 43,815 182,289 28,426 41,408
1,497 220 6,564 180 275
426 2,742 28,938 6,344 31,503
66,041 9.423 65,965 6,224 11,316
31,380 11,399 45,169 2,245 10,836
61 12 220 6 15
24 20 188 15 18
486 314 9,632 322 1,076
1,914 253 24,186 37 512
1,296 12 50 83
373 106 3,344 454 761
41,892 11,349 121,786 4,999 25,477
5,062 1,978 10,308 458 2,880
268 24 243 20 28
7,123 1,021 63,035 114 1,657
415 639 3,494 696 1.373
2,088 207 1,175 245 497
623 97 711 280 251
315 217 1,818 177 1,298
1,222 262 2,400 121 339
Turkey Turkey
Switzerland. (Asia) . (Europe)
2,765 809 2,274
3,675 600 479
2,853 287 287
1,653 369 55
421 949 196
56 744 721
452 80 44
1,341 12,546 3,592
2,780 1,567 342
2,992 698 528
6,141 1,084 1,000
988 201 491
2,150 572 247
468 25 15
78 891 1,965
7,549 2,396 389
172 123 17
16,315 9,478 5,004
68 402 107
560 392 270
10,988 2,031 1,935
770 376 135
3,853 197 553
7,484 4,486 2,754
221 3,132 658
36 263 43
800 246 238
800 159 20
1,773 1,125 237
1,691 215 146
214 189 31
246 484 144
3,447 423 728
600 726 420
8,036 791 397
251 151 262
INHABITANTS (1910).
Jersey Los
Detroit. City. Angeles
14,160 4,978 2,510
2,237 173 213
65 7 116
4,166 107 592
38,648 1,010 7,686
24 132 1,481
58 212 119
411 346 1,096
9,038 4,632 7,581
59 681 261
636 596 1,916
44,675 16,131 9,684
585 179 361
5,935 1,084 820
5,584 16,124 3,878
5,724 12,060 3,802
28 5 3,931
27 14 5,632
584 243 408
225 1,360 1,003
5 25 128
313 196 297
16,644 13,667 4,758
3,320 1,668 1,589
18 72 384
601 1,280 3,414
595 553 828
561 103 385
125 38 120
170 139 414
311 172 726
.Wales.
1,498
2,434
1,615
222
82
204
583
1,513
786
1,023
1,219
884
824
168
68
1,202
93
7,464
35
222
9,377
365
585
29,255
268
11
503
252
301
1,672
1,043
225
1,976
880
2,507
419
Milwau-
. kee.
11,553
86
64
218
1,671
39
31
619
2,086
110
251
64,816
1,104
5,571
1,966
3,374
Iowa 8
Kansas .... 9
Louisiana 73
Maine 82
Maryland 37
Massachusetts.. 26,437
Michigan .... 20
Minnesota 16
Missouri 44
Montana 31
Nevada 305
New Hampshire 110
New Jersey 145
New Mexico 10
New York 660
North Carolina. 20
North Dakota.. 3
Ohio 182
Oklahoma . 19
Oregon 174
Pennsylvania .. 225
Rhode Island.... 6,501
South Carolina.. 3
South Dakota... 2
Tennessee 2
Texas 89
Utah . . 8
Virginia 85
Washington .... 179
West Virginia. 3
Wisconsin 9
Wyoming 50
FOREIGN
Balti
Country of birth. mor<
Austria . 6 540
Belgium 28
Bulgaria* 14
Canada French 45
Canada Other 752
China 245
Cubaf 355
Denmark 132
England 2,698
Finland 36
France 357
Germany 26 024
Greece 347
Hungary 1 358
Ireland 6,806
Italy 5 043
Japan 12
Mexico . 6
12
615
2,144
1
267
11,992
647
21
787
ssa
78
147
231
195
Netherlands .... 106
Norway 199
Portugal 26
Roumania 216
Russia 24,803
Scotland 518
Spain 49
Sweden . . . . 237
Switzerland .... 228
Turkey (Asia)... 50
Turkey (Europe) 24
Wales . . 99
All other 309
Total 77,662
Country of birth.
Austria ..
243,365
Minne-
apolis.
6,075
118,689
New
Orleans.
645
91
5
101
387
219
468
117
1,356
34
3.671
6.122
783,428
New
York.
190,246
2,260
540
2,844
23,476
3,936
16,415
7,997
78,483
7,410
18,293
278.137
56,859
Newark.
12,963
70
10
199
1,126
194
183
360
6,698
69
697
22.177
196,170
Phila-
delphia.
19,860
478
100
301
3,735
1.529
1,119
36,564
226
2,659
61,480
157,534
Pitts-
burgh.
21,400
100
71
1.741
197
124
110
9,528
70
885
29,438
77,987
St.
Louis.
11,171
353
165
260
2,256
351
141
441
5,226
46
1.218
47,766
66,133
S. Fran-
cisco.
9,641
448
160
474
5,701
6,914
291
3,119
9,821
1,846
6,252
24,137
111,529
Wash.,
D. C.
459
41
10
109
1,052
270
243
176
2,638
21
611
6,179
Belgium
63
Bulgaria*
.. 235
. 1,637
.. 5,905
92
24
. 2 030
Canada French
Canada Other
China
Cubaf
Denmark
2 799
Finland
.. 875
293
France
Germany ..
.. 8.650
including Serbia and Montenegro. tAnd other West Indies.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Minne-
Couutry of birth. apolis.
Greece 4fi9
New
Orleans.
175
90
2,996
8,066
20
289
43
181
36
93
1,254
257
453
160
247
192
46
20
499
New
York.
8,038
76,627
252,672
340,770
957
426
4,193
22,281
431
33,586
484,193
23,123
3,359
34,952
10,452
6,160
3.69J
1,779
6,626
Newark.
297
6,029
11,225
20,494
10
10
202
190
8
1,160
21,912
2,547
54
782
779
127
48
106
281
Phila-
delphia.
589
12.495
83.196
45,308
87
59
349
1,144
54
4,413
90,697
9,177
200
2,429
2,013
973
525
1,033
1,049
Pitts-
burgh.
773
6,576
18,873
14,120
27
17
109
117
2
1,521
26,391
3,283
23
1,355
1,007
452
79
2,159
290
St. S. Fran
Louis. Cisco.
1,312 2,275
8,759 1,247
14,272 23,153
7,594. 16,919
43 4,191
180 1,792
422 500
204 3,769
14 593
1,055 583
15,481 4,643
1,313 3,669
227 1,177
1,129 6,970
2,653 2,587
730 320
838 402
197 402
406 3,302
- Wash..
D. C.
342
155
5,347
2,761
44
2ft
64
145
2
41
3,393
705
51
359
281
139
41
87
206
Hungary
. 1,176
. 2,867
. 653
33
14
209
16,402
Ireland
Italy
Mexico
Norway
Portugal . .
1,412
5,654
. 1,060
21
, 26,478
299
219
61
, 213
187
Russia
Scotland
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey ( \sia)
Turkey (Europe)
All other
Total
FOREIGN
City.
Albany, N. Y...
Atlanta, Ga
Birming'm,Ala.
Bridgep't.Conn.
Camb'ge.Mass..
Columbus, O
Dayton, O
BORN
Total.
18,218
4,501
5,730
36,264
35,328
16,363
13,892
39,749
50.95&
28,387
19,842
25,466
17.473
43,494
6,520
3,017
42,989
40,846
27,179
45,485
50,312
76.999
4,136
59,076
56,657
35,122
67,456
21.820
30,848
32,144
48,597
. 86,099 28,333 1,944,357 111,007 384,707 140,924
IN CITIES OF 100,000 TO 250,000 INHABITANTS
Austria.Canada.*England.Germany.Hungary.Ireland.
5S6 959 1,682 4,620 67 4,545
113 256 595 729 92 302
134 239 1,343 706 78 309
3,858 1,277 3,901 2,811 6,975 5,085
156 10,172 2,851 728 102 10,637
818 696 1,935 5,722 970 1,809
660 407 620 5,817 2,761 976
1,698 3,492 5,920 6,636 465 3,965
2,614 16,260 11,964 234 3 5,194
549 3,221 1,148 4,546 209 871
1,227 848 1,628 7,518 852 3,255
571 1,760 2,927 5,354 332 3,267
316 371 938 8,471 441 2,700
1,948 16,342 5,751 205 24 9,983
261 337 691 1,429 71 803
91 135 366 554 177 572
1,109 1,335 2,663 4,115 473 9,004
1.267 3,150 5,304 5,546 248 4.160
3,414 1,218 1,989 4,861 554 1,849
883 487 7,791 5,741" 483 4,971
2,548 5,211 5,363 7,490 584 2,267
1,574 8,835 12.676 2,076 126 15,801
118 122 652 892 36 405
1,688 9,718 5,979 14,624 415 5,230
3,900 4,435 2,879 14,025 1,989 4,184
3,184 301 7.716 4,325 1,214 5,302
2,025 10,708 8,553 6,176 345 3,177
712 4,450 2,898 2,755 126 1,021
1,265 3,257 2,942 6,903 212 4,877
879 3,180 2,052 15,308 2,927 1,971
362 8,415 4,012 580 20 10,535
126,223
(1910).
Italy.
2,205
95
1,360
5,022
1,545
1,619
356
2,664
1,025
319
658
2,579
654
259
1,140
91
13,159
3,800
2.361
9,317
2,557
17,305
511
10,638
1,995
3,549
3,547
1,545
4,756
270
2,889
142,298 24,902
tScandi-
havia. ^Russia.
188 2,460
102 1,342
183 592
2,200 4,142
2,131 3,735
168 1,534
80 1,527
6,029 5,627
189 2,182
1,366 3,622
436 1,255
2,666 3,431
137 2,014
772 1,886
205 956
46 596
1,919 8,049
4,794 1,118
6,860 2,614
243 6,867
8,723 4,892
4,058 7,518
67 829
607 7,187
16,810 4,432
142 8,571
17,749 3,877
5,786 877
200 5,278
323 3,345
8,599 10,219
Denver, Col
FallRiver.Mass.
G.Rapids.Mich..
Indianap's.Ind..
Kansasdty.Mo.
Louisville, Ky..
Lowell, Mass...
Memphis, Tenn.
Nashville, Tenn.
N. Haven, Conn..
Oakland, Cal...
Omaha, Neb
Paterson, N. J.
Portland, Ore..
Providence, R.I.
Richmond, Va..
Rochester, N.Y.
St. Paul, Minn..
Scranton, Pa...
Seattle, Wash..
Spokane, Wash.
Syracuse, N.Y'...
Toledo, O
Worces'r.Mass. .
Includes Scotland and Wales. tCornprises Norway, Sweden and Denmark. ^Includes Finland.
PERCENTAGES OF
Total
State. population
Alabama 2,138,093
Arizona 204,354
Arkansas 1,574,449
California 2,377,549
Colorado 799,024
Connecticut 1,114,756
Delaware . 202,322
District of Columbia 331,069
Florida 752,619
Georgia 2,609.121
Idaho 325,594
Illinois 5,638,591
Indiana 2,700,876
Iowa 2,224,771
Kansas 1,690.949
Kentucky 2,289,905
Louisiana 1,656,388
Maine 742,371
Maryland 1.295,346
Massachusetts 3,366,416
Michigan 2,810,173
Minnesota 2,075,708
Mississippi 1,797.114
Missouri 3,293,335
Montana 376.053
Nebraska 1,192,214
Nevada 81,875
New Hampshire 430,572
NATIVE AND FOREIGN BORN (1910). Born Bornin For-
Total in other eign
State. population, state, states, born.
New Jersey 2,537,167 53.0 20.7 26.0
New Mexico 327,301 56.4 36.0 7.1
New York 9,113,614 62.0 7.5 30.2
North Carolina 2,206,237 94.7 4.9 0.3
North Dakota 577,056 34.3 37.6 27.1
Ohio 4,767,121 74.4 12.7 12.6
Oklahoma 1,657,155 81.1 65.9 2.4
Oregon 672,765 33.5 49.0 16.8
Pennsylvania 7,665,111 73.6 7.4 18.8
Rhode Island 542,610 49.2 17.5 33.0
South Carolina 1,515,400 94.4 5.1 0.4
South Dakota 583,888 38.6 43.6 17.3
Tennessee 2,184,789 85.7 13.1 0.9
Texas 3,896,542 70.1 23.3 6.2
Utah 373,351 65.1 16.2 17.6
Vermont 255,956 70.4 14.7 140
Virginia 2,061,612 89.4 9.2 1.3
Washington 1,141,990 23.0 53.3 22.4
West Virginia 1,221,119 76.2 18.8 4.7
Wisconsin 2,333,860 66.8 11.0 22.0
Wyoming 145.965 21.8 57.7 19.9
United States 91,972.266 66.5 18.4 'l4~7if
NOTK The total population includes persons
born in the United States, state of birth not re-
ported, persons born in outlying possessions, or
at seji under the United States flag, and Ameri-
can citizens born abroad. Their combined num-
ber was only 360,961, or 0.4 per cent of the total
population.
torn
Bornin
For-
in
other
eign
bate.
states.
born.
86.9
12.0
0.9
38.6
36.6
23.9
67.1
31.4
1.1
38.0
36.3
24.7
29.2
53.8
16.2
54.5
15.7
29.6
67.8
23.4
8.6
42.1
49.7
7.5
61.5
32.5
5.4
90.6
8.5
0.1
27.7
58.4
13.1
60.4
17.7
21.4
75.2
18.6
5.9
63.7
23.6
12.3
48.7
42.8
8.0
88.7
9.4
1.8
84.9
11.5
3.2
78.0
6.7
14.9
79.2
12.5
8.1
55.3
12.9
31.5
62.7
15.5
21.3
54.0
19.4
26.2
87.0
12.2
0.5
67.5
25.0
7.0
26.4
47.3
25.2
50.0
34.7
14.8
26.4
48.5
24.1
57.7
19.2
22.5
100
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
MOTHER TONGUE OF FOREIGN WHITE STOCK (1910).
In the following tables, prepared by the federal
census bureau, the foreign white stock referred
to is the aggregate white population of the
United States which is foreign either by birth
or by parentage. It embraces all foreign born
whites and all native whites having one or both
parents foreign born. It must be remembered
that the foreign stock as here defined only in-
cludes the first and second generations immi-
grants and native children of immigrants and
does not include the grandchildren or great-
grandchildren of immigrants. In other words,
the figures do not include the exact relative im-
portance of the several ethnic stocks in the
total population.
The eight major mother-tongue stocks in the
United States, arranged in the order of their
importance, are shown in the following table:
Mother tongue.
English and Celtic* 10,037,420
German 8,817,271
Number. tPer cent.
31.1
27.3
Italian 2,151,422
P9lish i, 707,640
Yiddish and Hebrew 1,676,762
Swedish 1,445,869
French 1.357,169
Norwegian 1,009,854
6.7
5.3
5.2
4.5
4.2
3.1
87.5
12.5
Total eight mother tongues. ..28,203,407
Other mother tongues 4,039,975
All mother tongues ..32,243,382 100.0
*Includes persons reporting Irish, Scotch or
Welsh. tPer cent of distribution.
(Millions.)
4
-English-Celtic...
German
Italian
Polish
Yiddish-Hebrew.
Swedish
French
Norwegian
Diagram showing foreign white stock in the
United States in 1910, by principal native or
mother tongues.
FOREIGN STOCK IN DETAIL.
Mother tongue. Total.
English and Celtic.... 10,037,420
Germanic 9,187,007
German 8,817,271
Dutch 324,930
Flemish 44,806
Scandinavian 2,902,196
Swedish 1,445,869
Norwegian 1,009,854
Danish 446,473
Latin and Greek 4,279,560
Italian 2,151,422
French 1,357,169
Spanish 448,198
Portuguese 141,268
Roumanian 51,124
Greek 130,379
Slavic and Lettic 3,240,467
Polish 1,707,640
Bohemian 539,392
Slovak 284,444
Russian 95,137
Ruthenian 35,359
Slovenian 183, 431
BT7ILDING AND
State. Number. Members,
Arkansas 40 21,635
California 93 39,485
Connecticut 16 7,111
District of Columbia... 20 36,165
Illinois 608 203,669
Indiana 341 164,620
Iowa 49 26,233
Kansas 61 51,654
Kentucky 116 56,278
Louisiana 66 45,492
Maine 37 12,113
Massachusetts 174 204,249
Michigan 64 58,655
Minnesota 65 16,629
Missouri 145 37,464
Montana 13 1,963
Nebraska 72 75,354
New Hampshire 19 9,169
Foreign
born.
3 363 792
Native
born.
6 673 628
Foreign Native
Mother tongue. Total. born. born.
Croatian 93 036 74 036 19 000
2,910,857
6,276,150
Dalmatian 5,505 4,344 1,161
2,759,032
6,058,239
Serbian ... 26 752 23 403 3 349
126,045
25,780
1,272,150
683,218
198,885
10.026
1,630,046
762,651
Montenegrin 3,961 3,886 75
Bulgarian ....,- 19,380 18,341 1,039
Slavic, other 35,195 21,012 14,183
Lithuanian 211,235 140963 70272
402,587
186 345
607,267
260 128
Yiddish and Hebrew.. 1,676,762 1,051,767 624,995
Magyar 320 893 229 094 91 799
2,385,388
1 365 110
1,894,172
786 312
Finnish 200,688 120,086 80,602
Armenian 30 021 23 938 6 083
528,842
258 131
828,327
190 067
Syrian and Arabic.... 46,727 32",868 13^859
Turkish 5 441 4 709 732
72 649
68 619
Albanian 2 366 2 312 54
42 277
8 847
AH other 790 646 144
118 379
12 000
Unknown 313 044 116 272 196 772
943,781
228,738
166,474
57,926
25,131
123,631
763,859
310,654
117,970
37,211
10,228
59,800
All mother tongues. 32,243,382 13.345,545 18,897,837
NOTE In the above table Celtic includes Irish,
Scotch and Welsh; Dutch includes Frisian; Bo-
hemian includes Moravian; Lithuanian includes
Lettish; Serbo-Croatian includes Dalmatian and
Montenegrin, and Syrian includes Arabic.
LOAN ASSOCIATIONS (JAN. 1, 1915.)
State.
Assets.
$9,627,893
29,519,763
3,581,778
20,130,152
90,572,343
56,427,549
7,367,345
18,525,023
21,799,935
21,062,792
5,558,269
90,781,470
25,739,835
7,176,472
18,055,859
1,332,450
37,138,413
2,505,085
New Jersey 707
New Mexico 13
New York ~ 245
North Carolina 138
North Dakota 9
Ohio 656
Oklahoma 33
Pennsylvania 1,765
Rhode Island 6
Tennessee 14
Texas 19
Vermont 4
Washington 22
... 41
... 70
Other states 875
Total 6,616 3,103,935 1,357,707,900
West Virginia
Wisconsin
[embers.
Assets.
265,509
$132,605,897
3,828
1,585,513
172,247
68,476,499
33,375
12,703,354
5,700
2,807,475
611,467
240,930,785
6,233
1,940,571
545,624
255,106,280
9,112
4,786,746
4,412
3,108,081
3,222
974,852
456
186,161
24,617
7,877,567
16,000
6,738,369
31,554
12,290,882
302,641
138,690,542
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
101
URBAN AND RU3
The census bureau classifies as urban popula-
tion that residing in cities and other incorpo-
rated places of 2,500 inhabitants or more. The
proportion of the total population of continental
United States living in urban and rural territory
iAL POPULATION.
Per cent.
State. Urban. Rural. Urban. Rural.
South Dakota 76,673 507,215 13.1 86.9
Nebraska 310,852 881,362 26.1 73.9
Kansas 493 790 1 197 159 29 2 70 &
at the censuses of 1910 and 1900 was as follows:
, 1910. -^ , 1900. ^
Delaware 97*085 105,'237 48.0 52.0
Maryland . . 658 192 637 154 50 8 49 2
Population. Pr.ct. Population. Pr.ct.
Urban 42,623,383 46.3 30,797,185 40.5
Dist. of Columbia.. 331,069 100.0 ....
Virginia 476 529 1 585 083 23 1 76 9
Rural 49 348 883 53.7 45,197,390 59.5
Total 91,972,266 100.0 75,994,575 100.0
In 1890 the per cent of urban population was
86.1 and of the rural 63.9; in 1880 the urban was
North Carolina 318,474 1,887.813 14.4 85.6
South Carolina 224,832 1,290;568 14.8 85.2
Georgia 538,650 2,070,471 20.6 79.4
Florida 219 080 533 539 29 1 70 9
29.5 and the rural 70.5.
Kentucky 555*442 1 734*463 24 3 75 7
By geographic divisions the per cent of urban
and rural population in 1910 was as follows:
Tennessee 441*, 045 l'.743*,744 20.2 79.8
Alabama 370 431 1 767 662 17 3 82 7
Division. Total. Urban. Rural.
Kew England 7 1 12.8 2.2
Mississippi 207,311 1*589*803 llis Ssis
Middle \tlantic 21.0 32.2 11.3
Louisiana 496*516 1*159*872 3o'o 7o'o
East \orth Central .. 19.8 22.6 17.5
Oklahoma 320*155 1*337*000 19 3 80 7
West \orth Central 12 7 91 15.7
South Atlantic 13.3 7.3 18.4
Montana .. 133*420 *242*633 3s's 64*5
East South Central . 9.1 3.7 13.9
Idaho 69*898 255*696 21 5 78*5
\yo^t South Central 96 46 13.8
Mountain 2.9 2.2 3.4
Colorado 408*840 394*184 5o'? 49*3
pacific ... 4 6 5.6 3.7
Arizona 63*260 141*094 310 69*0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Utah 172 934 200*417 46*3 53*7
By states the urban and rural population in
1910 was as follows: Percent.
State Urban. Rural. Urban. Rural.
Nevada 13*367 68*508 16.3 83.'7
Washington 605,530 536,460 53.0 47.0
Oregon . 307 060 365 705 45 6 54 4
Maine 381 443 360 928 51.4 48.6
New Hampshire 255 099 175 473 59.2 40 8
Vermont 168*943 187,013 47.5 52.5
United States 42 623 383 49 348 883 46 3 53 7
Massachusetts 3,125,367 241,049 92.8 7.2
Rhode Island 524,654 17,956 96.7 3.3
Connecticut 999,839 114,917 89.7 10.3
New York 7,185,494 1,928,120 78.8 21.2
New Jersey 1,907,210 629,957 75.2 24.8
Pennsylvania 4,630,669 3,034,442 60.4 39.C
Ohio 2,665,143 2,101,978 55.9 44.1
INCBEASE IN URBAN AND BUBAL POPULATION.
Comparing the rate of growth in urban and
rural communities, it is shown by the census
bureau that during the period between the cen-
sus of 1900 and that of 1910 the increase in urban
population in continental United States was 11.-
Indiana . 1 143 835 1,557,041 42.4 57.6
uo, < oo, \JL d-t.o pei ceii L, vv iintj me increase in
Illinois 3,476,929 2,161,662 61.7 38.3
Michigan 1,327,044 1,483,129 47.2 52.8
Wisconsin 1,004,320 1,329,540 43.0 57.0
Minnesota 850,294 1,225,414 41.0 59.0
j owa 680,054 1,544,717 30.6 69.4
been an actual decrease in rural population
These states were: New Hampshire. 5.4 per
cent' Vermont 4 2 per cent' Ohio 1 3 per cent*
Missouri 1 398 817 1 894 518 42.5 57 5
North Dakota 63,236 513,820 11.0 89.0
POPULATION 01
BY RECORDER'S DISTRICTS.
souri, 5.1 per cent.
ALASKA (1910).
District. Population. District. Population.
Nulato .- . . 785 St. Lawrence island 295
District. Population. District. Population.
Ophir 562 St. Michael 2.255
Otter 1 234 Tanana . . 43ft
Bristol bay 4 502 Hiamna . . . 271
Port Clarence 1.001 Unga peninsula.... 1.302
Cape Nome. 3.9il< Juneau 5.854
Prince William Valdez 4.815
sound 210 Wrangell l 652
Sitka 2.210 Total, 1910 64,356
Skagway 1 980 i Total, 1900 63,592
Cordova 1.779 Kodiak ' 2J4S
Council City 686 Kougarok 308
Ea^le 543 Kuskokwirn 2 71 1
Cordova 1,152 Nome 2,600
Pair hanks 7675 Kovukuk 455
Douglas 1,722 Treadwell 1,222
Fairhaven 643 Mount McKinlev.. 232
Fairbanks 3.541 Valdez 810
Juneau 1 644 Wrangell 743
Fortvmile 341 Noatak-Kobtik .... 2.262
Ketchikan 1,613
POPULATION
1910. 1S99.
F PORTO RICO.
1910. 1899.
Caguas city 10 354 5 450
Sin Juan city 48 716 3 9 048
Arecibo city 9,612 8,003
Ponce city 35 027 27 952
Guayama city 8 321 5 334
Mayauez citv 16591 15187
POPULATION OF
County. Population.
Hawiii ST 382
HAWAII (1910).
Population.
Honolulu 82 9 8
Kalawao 785
Kauai . 23 952
CITIES
Maui 29.762
Hilo 6 745
Total, 1910... ...191,909
Honolulu . .. 52.183
102
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
POPULATION OF THE WORLD,
[Based upon the Statesman's Year-Book for 1916 and publications of the bureau of the census.]
United States! (1916) ..102,638,251
Windward islands (1914) 170,000
BY GRAND DIVISIONS.
Africa ............... 129,726,122
Asia .................... 934,940,135
Europe ................. 497,583,669
North America ......... 140, 491, 337
Oceania ................ 65,073,428
South America ......... 55,511,236
Total ............... 1,823,325,927
AFRICA.
Abyssinia (est. 1916)... 8,000,000
Angl^Egyptian
French Africa (1914) .. .25,681.243
German Africa (est.l913)ll,406,024
Italian Africa (est. 1913) 1,378,176
Belgian Kongo (est.l913)15,000,000
Liberia (1913) ........... 2,100,000
Morocco (1913) .......... 5,000,000
Portuguese Africa (1916) 8,248.897
Spanish Africa (1913) . 444,629
Total 129,726,122
ASIA.
Afghanistan (est. 1915) 6,000,000
Bhutan (1915) 250,000
British colonies, etc.
/1916) 8,866,000
China (1914) 441,983,000
French Indo-China*
(1913) 14,773,000
India, British (1914) . . -315,156,000
Japan (1914) 75 - 8 % 9
Kiaochow (1913) 168,900
Nepal (1914) 5,000.000
Oman (1914) 500,000
Persia (1916) 9,500,000
Portuguese Asia (1916.) 895,789
Russia in Asia (1914).. 28,451,200
Siam (1910) 8,149,487
Turkey in Asia (1911). 19.382.900
Total 934,940,135
including French India.
EUROPE.
Albania (1914) 1,000.000
Andorra (1913) 5,231
Austria-Hungary (1910) 49,211,427
Belgium (1912) 7.571,387
Bulgaria (1914) 4.752.997
Denmark (1911) 2.775.076
France (1911) 39.601.509
Germany (1914) 67,812,000
Greece (1914) 4,821,300
Iceland (1911) 85,188
Italy (1915) 36,120,118
Luxemburg (1910) 259,891
Monaco (1913) 22.956
Montenegro (1914) 516.000
Netherlands (1914) 6,339,705
Norway (1910) 2,391,782
Portugal (1911) 5,957,985
Roumania (1914) 7,508.009
Russia ( 1914 ) 178, 378, 800
San Marino (1915) 11,513
Serbia (1914) 4,547,992
Spain (1913) 20,355,986
Sweden (1914) 5,679,607
Switzerland (1913) 3,877,210
Turkey (1914) 1,891.000
United kingdom (1915) . 46,089,000
Total 497,583,669
NORTH AMERICA.
Bahamas (1915) 56.000
Bermuda (1915) 20,000
Canada (1915) 8,075,000
Costa Rica (1914) 420,179
Cuba (1914) 2,471,531
Curacao (1914) 56,725
Danish West Indies
(1911) 27,086
French islands (1913).. 450,900
Greenland (1911) 13,517
Guatemala (1914) 2,003,579
Haiti (1914) 2,500.000
Honduras (1914) 662,000
Honduras, British (1915) 42,000
Jamaica (1915) 883,000
Leeward islands (1915) 128,000
Mexico (1912) 15,501,684
Newfoundland* (1915) . 252,000
Nicaragua (1910) 703,540
Panama (1912) 398,021
Porto Rico ( 1914 ) 1, 184,489
Salvador (1914) 1,225.835
Santo Domingo (1913).. 708,000
Total 140,491,337
including Labrador, tlnclud-
ing Alaska (1915).
OCEANIA.
Australian Federation
(1915) 4,951,000
Borneo and Sarawak,
British (1915) 740,000
Dutch East Indies (1913) 48,000,000
Fiji islands (1914) 155,000
Guam (1914) 12,240
Hawaii (1913) 211,582
New Caledonia* (1914) . 81,100
New Guinea, Germanf
(1913) 634,579
New Zealand (1915)... 1,096,000
Papua (1914) 252,000
Philippine islands (1915) 8,734.927
Solomon islands* (1914) 205,000
Total 65,073,428
including other French de-
pendencies, tlncluding Samoan
and other former German
islands in the Pacific. Jlnclud-
ing Gilbert and Tonga island*.
SOUTH AMERICA.
Argentine Republic
(est. 1914;
Bolivia (1915)
Brazil (1913)
Chile (1914)
Colombia (1912)
Ecuador (1910)
Falkland islands (1912)
Guiana, British (191o).
Guiana, French (1913).
Guiana, Dutch (1915)..
Paraguay (1912)
Peru (1908)
Trinidad (1914)
Uruguay (1915)
Venezuela (1915)
Total 55,511,236
AREA OF THE UNITED STATES IIT SQUARE MILES (1910).
Arranged according to rank in gross area.
State.
Rank.
Gross.
Land. Water.*
Texas
.... 1
265,896
262,398
3,498
California
.... 2
158,297
155,652
2,645
Montana
.... 3
146,997
146,201
796
New Mexico
4
122,634
122,503
131
Arizona
5
113,956
113,810
146
Nevada
.. 6
110,690
109,821
869
Colorado
7
103,948
103,658
290
Wyoming
.... 8
97,914
97,594
320
Oregon
.... 9
96,699
95,607
1,092
Utah
10
84,990
82,184
2,806
Minnesota
...11
84,682
80,858
3,824
Idaho
....12
83,888
83,354
534
Kansas
..13
82,158
81,774
384
South Dakota
14
77,615
76,868
747
Nebraska
15
77,520
76,808
712
North Dakota
70,837
70,183
654
Oklahoma
"*17
70,057
69,414
643
Missouri
18
69,420
68,727
693
Washington
....19
69,127
66,836
2,291
Florida
20
,...21
59,265
58,666
58,725
54,861
540
3,805
Michigan
....22
57,980
57,480
500
Illinois
....23
56,665
56,043
622
Iowa
..24
56,147
55,586
561
Wisconsin
25
56,066
55,256
810
Arkansas
, 26
53,335
52,525
810.
North Carolina
27
52,426
48,740
3,686
Rank.
Alabama 28
New York 29
Louisiana 30
Mississippi 31
Pennsylvania 32
Virginia 33
Tennessee 34
Ohio 35
Kentucky 36
Indiana 37
Maine 38
South Carolina 39
West Virginia 40
Maryland 41
Vermont 42
New Hampshire 43
Massachusetts 44
New Jersey 45
Connecticut 46
Delaware 47
Rhode Island 48
District of Columbia. 49
Total 3,026,789 2,973,890 52,899
*Does not include water surface of oceans, the
Gulf of Mexico or the great lakes lying within
the jurisdiction of the United States.
Gross.
Land. Water.*
51,998
51,279
719
49,204
47,654
1,550
48,506
45,409
3,097
46,865
46,362
503
45,126
44,832
294
42,627
40,262
2,365
42,022
41,687
335
41,040
40,740
300
40,598
40,181
417
36,354
36,045
309
33,040
29,895
3,145
30,989
30,495
494
24,170
24.022
148
12,327
9,941
2,386
9,564
9,124
440
9,341
9,031
310
8,266
8,039
227
8.224
7.514
710
4,965
4,820
145
2,370
1,965
405
1,248
1,067
180
70
60
10
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOE 1917.
103
AREA (SQUARE MILES) BY CENSUS YEARS.
Continental United States.
Year. Gross. Land. Water.
1910 3,026,789 2,973,890 52,899
State. 1
Washington ]
310. 1900. 1890. 1880.
7.1 7.8 5.3 1.1
0.8 39.9 31.8 25.7
12.2 37.4 30.6 23.8
1.5 0.9 0.6 0.2
!0.9 25.6 21.2 1O
area of 590.884 square
f 0.1 per square mile;
s, 29.8 per square mile,
quare miles, 325.5 per
>pulation is obtained by
each state and of con-
its total laud area in
sus.
r. 0.9. tOklahoma and
. JLess than one-tenth.
JUARE MILE LAND
A.
Inited States. persq.
ulation. Land area. mile.
972,266 *2,973,890 30.9
994,575 2,974,159 25.6
947,714 2,973,965 21.2
155,783 2,973,965 16.9
558,371 2,973,965 13.0
443,321 2,973,965 10.6
191,876 2,944,337 7.9
069,453 1,753,588 9.7
866,020 1,753,588 7.3
638,453 1,753,588 5.5
239,881 1,685,865 4.3
308,483 867,980 6.1
929,214 867.980 4.5
quare miles of land due
swamps in Illinois and
3 of land), the building
guna reservoirs and the
> river into the Salton
lare miles of water sur-
INHABITANT.
nited States. Perinhab-
cion. Acres land, itant.
266 1.903.289.600 20.7
575 1.903.461,760 25.0
714 1.903.337.600 30.2
DIVISIONS (1910).
State and div. Acres.
West Virginia 12.6
North Carolina 14.1
South Carolina 12.9
Gooreia 14.4
West Virginia E
Wisconsin
1890 3,026,789 2,973965 52,824
United States ;
1880 3 026 789 2 973 965 52 824
1870 . 3 026 789 2 973 965 5 9 824
Alaska with a gross
miles has a population o
Hawaii, 6,449 square mile
and Porto Rico, 3,435 s
square mile.
NOTE The density of p<
dividing the population of
tinental United States bj
square miles at ea^h cen
*North Dakota territor
Indian territory combined
POPULATION PER S(
ARE
Census Continental t
year. Pop
1910 91
1860 3,026,789 2,973,965 52,824
1850 ; 2 997 119 2 944 337 52 78
1840 1,792223 1,753,588 3S 633
1830 1 792 223 1 753 588 38 635
1820 . 1 792 223 1 753 588 38 635
1810 . 1 720 122 1 685 865 34 257
1800 . 892 135 867 980 24 155
The water area does not include the surface
of the oceans, the Gulf of Mexico or the great
lakes lying within the jurisdiction of the United
States.
INCREASE IN AREA OF THE UNITED
STATES.
Gross area in square miles.
Accession. Area. Accession. Area
Area in 1790 892.135 Alaska. 1867 590.884
Louisiana pur- Hawaii, 1898 6.449
chase, 1803.... 827.987 Philippines. 1899 115.026
Florida. 1819.... 58.663 Porto Rico. 1899 3,435
Treaty with Guam, 1899 210
1900 75,
1890 62,
1880 50,
Spain. 1819.... 13.433 Samoa, 1900 77
L870 38,
I860 31,
Oregon. 1846 286.541 zone, 1904 436
1850 . . 23
1840 17
sion. 1848 529.18D Total outlying 716.517
Gadsden pur-
chase. 1853.... 29,670 Grand total Unit-
ed States 3 713 30fi
1S30 12,
1820 9
1810 7
1800 5
Total cont'l... 3.026,789
POPULATION PER SQUARE MILE BY
STATES.
State. 1910. 1900. 1890. 1880.
Alabama .. 41 7 35 7 29 5 24.6
1790 3
*Net reduction of 269 s
to drainage of lakes and
Indiana (201 square mile
of the Roosevelt and La
overflow of the Colorad(
sea in California (470 sqi
face).
ACRES PER
Census Continental U
year. Popula
1910 91.972
1900 75,994
Arizona 18 11 08 04
Arkansas 30.0 25.0 21.5 15.3
California .153 9.5 7.8 5.5
Colorado 77 52 40 19
Connecticut 231.3 188.5 154.8 129.2
Delaware 103.0 .94.0 85.7 74.6
District of Columbia.... 5517.8 4645.3 3972.3.3062.5
Georgia 44 4 37 7 31 3 26 3
1890 62.947
Idaho 39 19 11 04
BY STATES AND
State and div. Acres.
Maine 25.3
Illinois 100 6 86 1 68 3 55
Indiana 749 701 611 55.1
Iowa -. 40.0 40.2 34.4 29.2
Kansas 20.7 18.0 17.5 12.2
Kentucky 57.0 53.4 46.3 41.0
New Hampshire 13.4
Louisiana 36.5 30.4 24.6 20.7
Maine 24 8 23 2 22 1 21 7
Massachusetts 1.5
Maryland 130.3 119.5 104.9 94.0
Massachusetts . 418 8 349 278 5 221 8
Connecticut 2.8
New England 6.1
New York 3.3
New .Tersev 1.9
South Atlantic... 14.1
Kentucky 11 2
Michigan 48 9 4 9 1 36 4 28 5
Minnesota 25.7 21.7 16.2 9.7
Mississippi 38 8 33 5 27 8 24 4
Tennessee 12.2
Missouri 47 9 45 2 39 31 6
Pennsylvania 3.7
Mississippi 16.5
East South Central 13.7
Arkansas 21.4
Louisiana 17.5
Montana 26 1.7 1.0 0.3
Middle Atlantic.. 3.3
Ohio 5.5
Indiana 8.5
Nebraska 15.5 13.9 13.8 5.9
Nevada 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.6
New Hampshire 47.7 45.6 41.7 38.4
New Jersey 337.7 250.7 192.3 150.5
New Mexico 2.7 1.6 1.3 1.0
New York 191.2 152.5 126.0 106.7
North Carolina 45.3 38.9 32.2 28.7
North Dakota 8.2 4.5 2.7 *
Illinois 6.4
Michisan 13.1
Wisconsin 15.2
East North Central 8.6
Minnesota 24 9
Texas 43.1
WestSouthCentral 31.3
Montana 248.8
Idaho 163.8
Ohio 117.0 102.1 90.1 78.5
Oklahoma 23.9 fH-4 t3.7 i
Oregon 7.0 4.3 3.3 1.8
Pennsylvania 171.0 140.6 117.3 95.5
Iowa 16.9
Missouri 13.4
North Dakota 77.8
South Dakota 84.3
Colorado 83.0
New Mexico 239.5
Arizona 356.4
Utah 140 3
Rhode Island 508.5 401.6 328.8 259.2
South Carolina 49.7 44.0 37.7 32.6
NohrasV.a 41.?
Kansas 31.0
WestNorthCentral 28.1
Nevada 858.4
Mountain 208.8
Tennessee 52.4 48.5 42.4 37.0
Washington 37.5
Utah .45 34 26 18
Delaware 6.2
Maryland 4 9
California 41.9
Pacific 48 6
Vermont 39 37 7 36 4 36 4
Dist. of Columbia. 0.1
Virginia .. .. 12.5
Vinrinia .. . 51.2 46.1 41.1 37.6
Continental U.S.. 20.7
104
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
AMERICA
[Estimate
ALABAMA.
Birmingham ... lJ 4 .l,f
Mobile ...' 56,536
Montgomery . . . *6,o6i
ARKANSAS.
Fort Smith 27,887
Little Rock 55,158
CALIFORNIA.
Alameda 27,031
LN CITIES WITH 25,
ARRANGED
d by the United States
Davenport .. 47,127
Des Moines 99,144
500 OR MORE INHAB
BY STATES,
census bureau as of July
NEBRASKA.
Lincoln 46,028
ITANTS.
1, 1915.]
PENNSYLVANIA.
Allen town .. 61,901
Altoona 57,606
Butler (borough) 26,587
Chester 40,935
Easton . 30 '>06
Sioux City 55,588
South Omaha... 26.394
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Manchester 76,959
Nashua 27,114
Waterloo 34 131
KANSAS.
Kansas City 96,854
Erie 73 798
Harrisburg 70,754
Hazleton 28,001
Wichita 67 847
NEW JERSEY.
Atlantic City... 55,806
Bavonne 67,582
Camden 104,349
KENTUCKY.
Covington 56,520
Johnstown 66,585
Lancaster 50,269
McKeesport 46,743
New Castle 40,351
Norristown (bor-
ough) 30 833
Rprkelev 54,879
Fresno 30,978
Long Beach 26,012
Los Angeles 465,367
Louisville 237,012
East Orange.... 41,155
Elizabeth 84,550
Newport 31,722
Pasadena 43,859
LOUISIANA.
New Orleans.... 366,484
Shreveport 34,068
Hoboken 76,104
Jersey City 300,133
Montclair (town) 25,550
Newark 399 000
Philadelphia ...1,683.664
Pittsburgh 571,984
Reading 107,594
Sacramento 64,806
San Diego 51,115
San Francisco... *448,502
San Jose 37,994
MAINE.
Bangor 26,360
Lewiston 27 557
New Brunswick 25,169
Orange 32,524
Passaic 69.010
Scranton 144,081
Shenandoah (bor-
ough) 28.649
Wilkesbarre ... 75.21S
Williamsport .. 33,495
York 50 543
Stockton 34,508
*July 1, 1914.
COLORADO.
Colorado Springs 32.344
Portland 63 014
Paterson 136,374
MARYLAND.
Baltimore 584,605
Perth Amboy... 39.725
Trenton 109.212
W. Hoboken (town)41,893
NEW YORK.
Albany 103,580
Amsterdam 36,163
Auburn 36,947
Binghamton 53,082
Buffalo 461 335
RHODE ISLAND.
Central Falls... 25,171
Cranston 25,201
Pueblo .. 52.840
Cumberland 25,564
Hagerstown .... 25,223
MASSACHUSETTS.
Boston 745,139
CONNECTICUT.
Bridgeport 118,434
Newport 29 631
Pawtucket .... 58,156
Providence 250,025
Warwick (town) 29,431
Woonsocket 43.355
SOUTH CAKOLINA.
Charleston 60,427
Columbia 34,058
TENNESSEE.
Chattanooga . . . 58,576
Hartford 108,969
Meriden 28,829
New Britain.... 52,203
New Haven 147,095
Brockton 65,746
Brookline (town) 31,934
Cambridge 111,669
Chelsea *32,452
Cohoes 25,130
Norwalk 26,466
Stamford 29,958
Waterbury 84,745
DELAWARE.
Wilmington .... 93,161
DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA.
Washington 358.679
FLORIDA.
Jacksonville .... 73,137
Pensacola 25,742
Chicopee 28,688
p:verett 38,307
Jamestown 35,729
Kingston 26 632
Fall River 126,904
Fitchburg 41,144
Haverhill 47,774
Holyoke . 64 069
Mount Vernon.. 36,028
New Rochelle... 36,326
New York 5,468.190
Lawrence 98,197
Lowell 112,124
Bronx (b'r'gh) 552,537
Br'klvn <b'gh)l,881,065
M'hat'n (b'gh)2,585,470
Queens (bor'gh) 353,156
Richmond (b'gh) 95.962
Newburgh 29,313
Niagara Falls.. 36.240
Poughkeepsie .. 29,994
Rochester 250,747
Memphis 146,113
Nashville 115,978
Maiden 50 067
TEXAS.
Austin 34,016
Beaumont 26,572
Medford 25.737
New Bedford. 114 694
Tampa 51,521
GEORGIA.
Newton 43,085
Pittsfield 37,580
Dallas 118,482
El Paso 51,936
Augusta 49,848
Quincy 37,251
Salem 47,778
Somerville 85,460
Springfield 103,216
Schenectady ... 95,265
Galveston 41,076
Houston 108,172
San Antonio.... 119,447
Waco 32.756
UTAH.
Ogden 30,466
Macon 45,415
Savannah 68,361
IDAHO.
Boise 31,741
Trov 77,738
Utica 83,876
Waltham 30,129
Watertown 29,384
ILLINOIS.
Aurora 33,613
Worcester 160,523
*In 1910. Decrease
since then.
MICHIGAN.
Battle Creek... 28,801
Bay City 47,494
Detroit 554,717
Flint 52.159
Grand Rapids. 125,759
Jackson 34,730
NORTH CAROLINA.
Charlotte 38,887
Salt Lake City. 113,567
VIRGINIA.
Lynchburg 32,385
Norfolk 88,076
Petersburg 25,347
Portsmouth 38,610
Richmond 154,674
Roanoke 41,929
Bloomington 27,054
Chicago 2,447,045
Danville 31 554
Wilmington .... 29,384
OHIO.
Decatur 38,526
East St. Louis. 72,105
Elgin 27,844
Evanstoii 28,312
Joliet 37 472
Canton 59,139
Cleveland 656.975
Cincinnati .... 406,706
Moline 26.927
Oak Park (village) 25.492
Peoria 70,732
Quincv 36 764
Kalamazoo .... 47.364 Davton .. . 125!S09
*f nsm S 39.005 Hamilton 39,655
sSaw D ^ Lima 34 ' 644
WASHINGTON.
Bellingham .... 31,609
Everett 33,767
Rockford 53,761
Rook Island 27.961
Springfield 59 468
MINNESOTA.
Duluth 91 913
Loram 35,662
Newark 28.953
Portsmouth 28,126
Springfield 50,801
Steubenville ... 26,631
Toledo 187.840
Youmrstown 104.-1S9
Zanesville 30,406
OKLAHOMA.
Muskosree 41,263
Oklahoma City. 88,158
Tulsa *28.240
Exclusive of 1,985 on
Indian lands.
OREGON.
Portland .. ,. 272.833
Spokane 112,990
Tacoma 108 094
WEST VIRGINIA.
Charleston 28,822
Huntington .... 43,572
Wheeling 43,097
INDIANA.
East Chicago.... 27,200
Evansville 72.125
Fort Wayne 74,352
Hammond 25 326
Minneapolis 353,460
St. Paul 241999
MISSOURI.
Joplin 33,032
Kansas Citv.... 289,879
St. Joseph 83,974
St Louis 745 9S8
WISCONSIN.
Green Bav 28,689
Kenosha 30,319
La Crosse 31,522
Madison 30,084
Indianapolis .... 265,578
Munoie 25,195
South Bend ... 67.030
Terre Haute 64,806
IOWA.
Cedar Rapids... 36.583
Clinton 27.094
Council Bluffs... 31,131
Springfield 39,513
MISSISSIPPI.
Jackson .... 28 372
Milwaukee .... 428.062
Oshkosh 35.581
Racine 45.507
Sheboygan .... 28,211
Superior 45.285
MONTANA.
Butte ., . 42.918
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
101
POPTTLATIC
PLACES WITH MORE THAN 10
City. 1910.
New York N . . . . .' 4 TBB RR s
)N OF /
0,000 INH
1900.
,437,202
,698,575
,293,697
575,238
560,892
381,768
508,957
451,512
285,704
352,387
342,7*2
285,315
325,902
246.07C
287,104
278,718
102,479
202.718
206,433
163,752
80,671
169,164
175.597
204,731
162,608
163.065
133,859
90,426 -
125,560
131,822
89,672
66,960
118,421
108,374
108,027
38,415
102,320
102,026
85,050
105,171
102,555
104,863
85,333
87,565
80,865
94,969
91,886
36,848
70.996
94,151
NEW Y
1890.
1,441,216
88.908
838,547
P CITIES
3
iMEBJCAN CITIES.
ABITANTS IN 1910 BY CENSUS
1890. 1880. 1870.
1,515,301 1,206,299 942,292
1,099,850 503,298 298,977
1,046,964 847,170 674,022
451,770 350,518 310,864
448,477 362,839 250,526
261,353 160,146 92,829
434,439 332,313 267,354
343,904 156,389 86,076
205,876 116,340 79,577
255,664 155,134 117,714
298,997 233,959 149,473
20-1,463 115,587 71,440
296,908 255,139 216,239
181,83) 136,508 105,059
242,039 216,090 191,418
230,392 147,293 109,199
50,395 11,183 5,728
164,738 46,887 13,066
163,003 120,722 82,546
132,716 55,785 32,260
42,837 3,533 1,107
105,436 75,056 48,244
132,146 104,857 68,904 .
161,129 123,758 100,753
133,890 89,366 62,386
133.155 41,473 20,030
106 713 35 639 4 759 .
YEARS.
1860. 1850.
805,651 515,547
108,206 29,963
565,529 121,376
160,773 77,860
177,812 136,881
43,417 17,034
212,418 169,054
49,217 46,601
45,619 21,019
81,129 42,261
56,802 34,776
45,246 20,061
161,044 115,435
71,914 38,894
168,675 116,375
61,120 40.001
4,385 1,610
2 564
Chicago, 111
2,185,283 1
Philadelphia, Pa....
1,549,008 1
687 029
Boston Mass
C70 585
Cleveland O
560 663
Baltimore Md
558 485
Pittsburgh, Pa
533 905
Detroit MicU .
465 766
Buffalo N Y..
423 715
San Francisco, Cal-.
416 912
Milwaukee Wis
373 857
Cincinnati O
363 591
Newark N J
347 469
New Orleans, La....
339 075
Washington D C..
331 069
Los Angeles Cal
. . ' . . 319 li>8
301 408
Jersey City, N J...
267 779
29,226 6,856
4 418
Kansas City Mo
248 381
Seattle, Wash
Indianapolis, Iii.l
Providence R. I....
237,194
233,650
224 326
18,611 8,091
50,666 41,513
68,033 43,194
48,204 36,403
10,401 1,112
Louisville Ky
223 928
Rochester N Y
218 149
St Paul Minn
214 744
Denver Col
213 381
Portland Ore
207*214
46,385 17,577 8,293
88,150 51,647 31,274
81,434 50.137 30,972
66,533 37,409 21,789
48,682 34,555 10,500
84,655 58.291 41,105
83,143 51,792 43,051
81,294 62.882 50,840
26 178 3 086
2,874 821
18,554 17,882
13,768 3.829
9,554 2,572
1,543
24,960 17,049
28,119 22,271
39,267 20,345
Columbus, O
Toledo, O
........ 181,511
168 497
Atlanta Ga
154 839
Oakland Cal
150 174
Worcester, Mass....
145 986
Syracuse N Y ....
137 249
New Haven, Conn..
Birmingham 41a
133,605
132 683
Memphis, Tenu
131 105
64,495 33,592 40,226
75,215 45,850 Ji5,092
81,383 63,600 51,038
78,347 51,031 33,579
140,452 30,518 16,083
74,393 48,961 26,766
61.223 38,678 30,473
60,278 32,016 16,507
76,163 43,350 25,865
77,696 59,475 40,298
70,028 52,669 18,547
19,922 350
22,623 8,841
9,223
37,910 27,570
19,586 11,334
1 883
Scranton Pa . .
.... 129 867
Richmond Va
127 628
Paterson, N J
125 600
Omaha, Neb
124 096
Fall River Mass
119 295
14,026 11,524
20,081 10,977
8,085 2,686
16,948 10,165
36,827 33,383
26,060 15,215
Dayton O
116 577
Grand Rapids, Mich
Nashville Tenn
112 571
... 110364
Lowell, Mass
106 294
Cambridge Mass....
104 839
Spokane Wash .
104 402
102 054
48,866 27,643 18,969
94,923 90,758 69,658
ORK CITY BY BOROUGHS.
1910.
Richmond borough 85,969
Queens borough 284,041
13,299 7,560
62,367 50,763
1900. 1890.
67,021 51,693
152,999 87,050
Albany N Y
100 253
Manhattan borough.
Bronx borough
POPULATION OF
1910. 1900.
...2,331,542 1,850,093
. . . 430,980 200,507
Brooklyn borough . . .
DECENJ
City.
New York, N. Y...
Chicago 111
. 1,634,351 1,166,582
HAL INCREASE O]
Total New York city. 4,766,883
WITH MORE THAN 100,000 IN
1900 to 1910 1890 to 1900
\~umber.Pr.ct. Number.Pr.ct.
,329,681 38.7 1,921.901 126.8
486,708 28.7 598,725 54.4
255,?.ll 19.7 246,733 23.6
IH, 791 19.4 123,468 27.3
109,693 19.6 112,415 25.1
178.895 46.9 120,415 46.1
49,528 9.7 74.518 17.2
82.393 18.2 82,999 34.8
180,062 63.0 79,828 38.8
71,328 20.2 96,723 37.8
74,130 21.6 43,785 14.6
88.542 31.0 80,847 39.5
37.CS9 11.8 28.994 9.8
101.399 41.2 64.240 35.3
51.971 18.1 45,065 18.6
53,351 18.8 48,326 21.0
216,719 211.5 52,084 103.4
98,690 48.6 37.980 23.1
61.346 29.7 43.430 26.6
84,752 51.7 31.036 23.4
156.523 194.0 37.834 88.3
64.486 .38.1 63.728 60.4
3,437,202 2,507,414
1910.
1880 to 1890
Number.Pr.ct.
309,002 25.6
596.665 118.6
199,794 23.6
101,252 28.9
85,638 23.6
101,207 63.2
102,126 30.7
82,228 52.6
89,536 77.0
100,530 64.8
65,038 27.8
88,881 76.9
41.769 16.4
45.322 33.2
25,949 12.0
52,768 29.7
39.212 350.6
117.851 251.4
42,281 35.0
76.931 137.9
39.304 1112.5
30.380 40.5
Philadelphia Pa
St Louis Mo
Boston, Mass
Cleveland O
Baltimore Md
Pittsburgh Pi
Detroit, Mich
Buffalo, N. Y
San Francisco, Cnl..
Milwaukee Wis
Cincinnati, O
Newark. N. J
New Orleans La
Washington P C
Los Angeles Cal....
Minneapolis, Minn...
Jersev Cirv N" J
Kansas CItv Mo
Seattle Wash
Indiananolis. Ind. ..
106
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
1900 to 1910. 1890 to 1900. 1880 to 1890.
City.
Number..
L'r.ct.
Number.
Pr.ct.
Number. 1
J r.ct.
Providence, R. I
48,729
27.8
43,451
39.9
27,289
26.0
Louisville, Ky
19,197
9.4
43,602
27.1
37,371
30.2
Rochester, N. Y
55,541
34.2
28,712
21.4
44,530
49.8
St. Paul, Minn
51,679
31.7
29,909
22.5
91,683
221.1
Denver, Col
79,522
59.4
27,146
25.4
71,084
199.5
Portland, Ore
116,788
140.2
44,041
94.9
28,808
163.9
Columbus,
55,951
44.6
37,410
42.4
36,503
70.7
Toledo, O
36,675
27.8
50,388
61.9
31,297
62.4
Atlanta, Ga
64,967
72.3
24,339
37.1
28,124
75.2
Oakland, Cal
83,214
124.3
18,278
37.5
14,127
40.9
Worcester, Mass
27,565
23.3
33.766
39.9
26,364
45.2
Syracuse, N. Y
., 28,875
26.6
20,231
23.0
36,351
70.2
New Haven, Conn
' 25,578
23.6
26,729
32.9
18,416
29.3
Birmingham, Ala
94,270
245.4
12,237
46.7
23,092
748.3
Memphis, Tenn
28,785
28.1
37,825
58.6
30,903
92.0
Scranton, Pa
Richmond, Va
27,841
85,050
27.3
50.1
26,811
3,662
35.6
4.5
29,365
17,788
64.0
28.0
Paterson, N. J
20,429
19.4
26,824
34.2
27,316
53.5
Omaha, Neb
21,541
21.0
37,897
27.0
109,934
360.2
Fall River, Mass
14,432
13.8
26,824
34.2
27,316
53.5
Dayton, O
31,244
36.6
24,113
39.4
22,542
58.3
Grand Rapids, Mich
25,006
28.5
27,287
45.3
28,262
88.3
Nashville, Tern:
29,499
36.5
4,697
6.2
32,818
75.7
Lowell, Mass
11,325
11.9
17,273
22.2
18,221
30.6
Cambridge, Mass
12,953
14.1
21,858
31.2
17,359
33.0
Spokane, Wash
67 554
183 3
19 572
530 6
Bridgeport, Conn
Albany, N. Y
31,058
6,102
43.7
6.5
22,130
*772
45.3
0.8
21,223
4,165
76.8
4.6
Decrease.
AMERICAN CITIES WITH POPULATION OF 25,000 TO
Pr. ct.
Population. 1900-
City. 1910. 1900. 1890. 1910.
Akron, 69,067 42,728 27,601 61.6
Allentown, Pa 51913 35,416 25,228 46.6
Altoona, Pa 52^127 38,973 30,337 33.8
Amsterdam, N. Y... 31,267 20,929 17,336 49.4
Atlantic City, N. J. 46,150 27.838 13,055 65.8
Auburn, N. Y 34,668 30,345 25,858 14.2
Augusta, Ga 41,040 39,441 33,300 4.1
Aurora, 111 29,807 24,147 19,688 23.4
Austin, Tex 29,860 22,258 14,575 34.2
Battle Creek, Mich. 25.267 18,563 33,197 36.1
Bay City, Mich 45,166 27,628 27,839 63.5
Bayonne, N. J 55,545 32,722 19,033 69.7
Berkeley, Cal 40,434 13,214 5,101206.0
Binghamton, N. Y.. 48,443 39,647 35,005 22.2
Bloomington, 111.... 25,768 23,286 20,484 10.7
Brockton, Mass 56,878 40,063 27,294 42.0
Brookline, Mass-... 27,792 19,935 12,103 39.4
Butte, Mont 39,165 30,470 10,723 28.5
Camdeu, N. J 94,538 75,935 58,313 24.5
Canton, 50,217 30,667 26,189 63.7
Cedar Rapids, Iowa 32,811 25,656 18,020 27.9
Charleston, S. C.... 58,833 55,807 4,955 5.4
Charlotte, N. C 34,014 18,091 11,557 88.0
Chattanooga, Tenn. 44,604 30,154 29,100 47.9
Chelsea, Mass 32,452 34,072 27,909 *4.8
Chester, Pa 38,537 33,988 20,226 13.4
Chicopee, Mass 25,401 19,167 14,050 32.5
Clinton, Iowa 25,577 22,698 13,619 12.7
Colorado Sprgs..Col. 29,078 21,085 11,140 37.9
Columbia. S. C 26,319 21,108 15,353 24.7
Council Bluffs. Iowa 29,292 25,802 21,474 13.5
Covington, Ky 53,270 42,938 37,371 24.1
Dallas, Tex 92,104 42,638 38,067 116.0
Danville, 111 27,871 16,354 11,491 70.4
Davenport, Iowa.... 43,028 35,254 26,872 22.1
31,140 20,754 16,841 50.0
Decatiir, 111
Des Moines, Iowa..
50,093 39.0
Dubuque, Iowa 38,494 36,297 30,311 6.1
Duluth, Minn 78,466 52,969 33,115 48.1
Easlon, P:\ 28,523 ?5,238 14,481 13.0
East Orange. N. J.. 31.371 21,506 13,282 53.8
East St. Louis, 111. 58. r ,47 29,655 15,169 97.4
El Paso, Tex 39.279 15,006 10,338146.9
Elarin, 111 25,976 22,433 17,823 15.8
Elizabeth, N. J 73.409 52,130 37,764 40.8
Elmira, N. Y 37.176 35,672 30,893 4.2
Erie, Pa 66,525 52,733 40,634 26.2
Evansville. Ind 69.647 59,007 50,756 18.0
Everett, Mass 33.484 24,336 11.068 37.6
Fitchburg, Mass 37,826 31,531 22,037 20.0
' " ' 38,550 13,103
Flint, Mich
Fort Wayne, Ir.d.,
Fort Worth, Tex.
9.803 194.2
63 933 -15,115 35,393 41,7
73,312 26,688 23,076 174.7
inc.
1890-
1900.
54.8
40.4
28.5
20.7
11.3.2
17.4
18.4
22.6
52. 7
40.7
*0.8
71.9
159.0
13.3
13.7
46.8
64.7
184.2
30.2
17.1
42.4
1.6
56.5
3.6
22.1
68.0
36.4
66.7
89.3
37.5
20.2
14.9
12.0
42.3
31.2
23.2
24.0
19.7
60.0
74.3
61.9
95.5
53.9
25.9
38.0
15.5
29.8
16.3
119.9
43.1
33.7
27.5
15.7
City.
Galveston, Tex
Green Bay, Wis....
Hamilton, O
Harrisburg, Pa
Hartford, Conn
Haverhill, Mass....
Hazleton, Pa
Hoboken, N. J
Hoiyoke, Mass
Houston, Tex
Huntington. W. Va.
Jackson, Mich
Jacksonville, Fla...
Jamestown, N. Y...
Johnstown, Pa
Joliet, 111
Joplin, Mo
Kalamazoo, Mich . . .
Kansas City, Kas...
Kingston, N. Y
Knoxville, Tenn ....
LaCrosse. Wis
Lancaster, Pa
Lansirig, Mich
Lawrence, Mass
Lewis ton, Me
Lexington, Ky
Lima, O
Lincoln, Neb
Little Rock, Ark....
Lorain, O ...
Lynchburg, Va
Lynn, Mass
Macon, Ga
McKeespcrt, Pa....
Madison, Wis
Maiden, Mass
Manchester, N. H..
Meriden, Conn
Mobile. Ala
Montgomery, Aln
Mount Vernon, N.Y.
Muskogee, OUla
Nashua, N. H
Newark. O .
New Bedford, Mass.
New Britain, Conn.
Newburgh, N. Y....
Newcastle. Pa
Newport, Ky
Newport, R. I
Now Rochelle, N.Y.
Newton, Mass
100,000 IN 1910.
Pr. ct. inc.
Population. 1900- 1890-
1910. 1900. 1890. 1910. 1900.
36,981 37,789 29,084 *2.1 29.9
25,236 18,684 9,069 35.1 106.0
35,279 23,914 17,565 47.5 36.1
64,186 50,167 39,385 27.9 27.4
98,915 79,850 53,230 23.9 50.0
44,115 37,175 27,412 18.7 35.6
25,452 14,230 11,872 78.9 19.9
70,324 59,364 43,648 18.5 36.0
57,730 45,712 35,637 26.3 28.3
78.800 44,633 27,557 76.6 62.0
31,161 11,923 10,108 161.4 18.0
31, 433 25,180 20,798 24.8 21.1
57,699 28,429 17,201 103.0 65.3
31,297 22,892 16,038 36.7 42.7
55,482 35,936 21,805 54.4 64.8
34,670 29,353 23,264 18.1 26.2
32,073 26,023 9,943 23.2 161.7
39,437 24,404 17,853 61.6 36.7
82,331 51,418 38,316
25,908 24,535 21,261
36,346 32,637 2,535 11.4 44.8
30,417 28,895 25,090 5.3 15.2
47,227 41,459 32,011 13.9 29.5
31,229 16,485 13,102 89.4 25.8
85,892 62,559 44,654 37.3 40.1
26.247 23.761 21,701 10.5 9.5
35,099 26.369 21.567 33.1 22.3
30.508 21,723 15,981 40.4 35.9
43,973 40,169 55,154 9.5 *27.2
45,941 38,307 25,874 19.9 48.1
28,883 16.C28 4.S63 80.2 229.0
29,494 18,891 19,709 56.1 *4.2
89.336 68,513 55,727 30.4 22.9
40,665 23,272 22.746 74.7 2.3
42,694 34,227 20,741 24-7 65.0
25. [-31 19.164 13.426 3b.2 42.7
44,404 33,664 23,031 31.9 46.2
70,063 56,987 44.126 22.9 29.1
3.1 34.2
5.6 15.4
27.265 24,296 21.C52
51,521 38,469 31,076 339 23.8
38,136 30,346 21,883 25.7 38.7
30,919 21,i'28 10,830 45.7 96.0
25,278 4,254 f 494.2 ....
26,005 23,898 19,311 8.8 23.8
25,404 18.157 14,270 39.9 27.2
96.652 62,442 40,733 54.8 53.3
43,916 25,998 16,519 68.9 57.4
27,805 24.943 23.0S7 11.5 8.9
36,280 28,33i> 11,600 28.0 144.3
30,509 28.301. 24,918 7.1 13.6
27,149 22,441 19.457 21.0 15.3
28,867 14,720 9,057 96.1 62.5
39-SOA 32,587 24,379 18.5 37.8
ALMANAC AMD YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
107
City.
Niagara Falls, N.Y.
Norfolk, Va
Norristown, Pa
Ogdeu, Utah
Oklahoma City.Okla.
Orange, N. J
Oshkosh, Wis
Pasadena, Cal
Passaic, N. J
Pawtucket, R. I....
Pooria, 111
Perth Ainboy, N. J.
Pittsfield, Mass
Portlaud, Me
Portsmouth, Va
Poughkeepsie, N. Y
Pueblo, Col
Quincy, 111
Quincy, Mass
Racine, Wis
Reading, Pa
Roanoko, Va
Kockfnrd, 111
Sacramento, Cal
Saginaw, Mich
t. Joseph, Mo
alem, Mass
Salt Lake City. Utah
San Antonio, Tex . .
isnn Die^o, Cal
San Jose", Cal
Savannah, Ga
Scheuectady, N. Y..
Sheboygan, Wis
Shenandoah, Pa
Shreveport, La
Sioux City, Iowa....
Somerville, Mass...
South Bond, Ind
South Omaha, Neb.
Springfield, 111
Springfield, Mass....
Springfield, Mo
Springfield, O
Stamford, Conn. ...
Superior, Wis
Tacoraa, Wash
Tampa, Fla
Taunton, Mass
Terre Haute, In<l ..
Pr. ct. inc.
Population. 1900- 1890-
1910. 1900. 1890. 1910. 1900.
30,445 19,457 t 56.5 ....
67,452 46,624 34,871 44.7 33.7
27,8'.5 22,265 19,791 25.2 12.5
25,580 16,313 14,889 56.8 9.6
64,205 10,037 4,151 539.7 141.8
29,630 24,141 18,844 22.7 28.1
33,062 28.284 22,836 16.9 23.9
30,291 9,117 4,882 232.2 8C.7
54.773 27,777 13,028 97.2 113.2
51,622 39,231 27,633 31.5 42.0
66,950 56,100 41,024 19.3 36.7
32,121 17,699 9,512 81.5 86.1
32,121 21,766 17,281 47.6 26.0
58,571 50,145 36,425 16.8 37.7
33,190 17,427 13,268 90.5 31.3
27,93u 24,029 22,206 16.3 8.2
44.395 28.157 24,558 57.7 14.7
36,587 36,252 31,494 0.9 15.1
32,642 23,899 16,723 36.6 42.9
38,002 29.102 21,014 30.6 38.5
96.071 78.961 58.661 21.7 34.6
34,874 21,495 16,159 G2.2 33.0
45 401 31,051 23.584 46.2 31.7
44.690 29.282 26,386 52.6 11.0
50.510 42,345 46,322 19.3 *8.6
77,403 102,979 52,324 *24.8 96.8
43,697 35.956 30,801 21.5 16.7
92.777 53,5?1 44,843 73.3 19.4
96,614 53,?21 37,673 SI. 2 41.5
39,578 17,700 16,159 123.6 9.5
28,946 21.500 18,060 34.6 19.0
65,064 54,244 43,189 19.9 25.6
72.S26 31,682 19,902 129.9 59.2
26,398 22,f-62 16,359 15.0 40.4
25.774 20,321 15,944 26.8 27.5
8.015 16,013 11,979 75.0 33.7
47,828 33,111 37,806 44.4 *12.4
77,2r,6 61,643 40,152 25.3 53.5
53,684 35,999 21,819 49.1 65.0
26,259 26.001 8,062 1.0 222.5
51,678 34,159 24,963 51.3 36.8
88.926 62,059 44,179 43.3 40.5
35,201 23.267 21,850 51.3 6.5
46,f>21 38,253 31,895 22.7 19.9
25,138 15,997 t 67.1 ....
40,384 31,091 11,983 29.9 159.5
83,743 37,714 36,006 122.0 4.7
37,782 15,839 5,532 138.5 186.3
34,259 31,036 25,448 10.4 22.0
58,157 36,673 30,217 52.6 21.4
Pr. ct. inc.
Population. 1900- 1890-
Clty. 1910. 1900. 1890. 1910. 1900.
Topeka, Kas 43,684 33,608 31,007 30.0 8.4
Trenton, N. J 96,815 73,307 57,458 32.1 27.6
Troy, N. Y 76,813 60.G51 60,956 26.6 *O.B
Utica, N. Y 74,419 56,383 44,007 32.0 28.1
Waco, Tex 26,425 20,686 14,445 27.7 43.2
Waltham, Mass 27,834 23,481 18.707 18.5 25.5
Warwick. R, 1 26,629 21,316 17,761 24.9 20.0
Watcrbury, Conn... 73,141 45,859 28,646 69.5 60.1
Waterloo, Iowa 26,693 12,580 6,674112.2 88. r .
Watertown. N. Y... 26,730 21,696 14,725 23.2 47.3
West Hoboken, N.J. 35,403 23,094 11,665 53.3 98.0
Wheeling. W. Va... 41,641 38,878 34,522 7.1 12.4
Wichita, Kas 52,450 24,671 23,853 112.6 3.6
Wilkes-Barre, Pa... 67,105 51,721 37,718 29.7 37.1
Williamsport, Pa... 31.860 28,757 27,132 10.8 6.0
Wilmington, Del 87,411 76,508 61,431 14.3 24.5
Wilmington, N. C.. 25,748 20,976 20,056 2.7 4.6
Woonsocket, R. I... 38,125 28,204 20,830 38.7 35.4
Yonkers, N. Y 79,803 47,931 32,033 66.5 49.6
York, Pa 44,750 33.708 20,793 32.8 62.1
Youngstown, 79,066 44,885 33.220 76.2 35.1
ZanesYille, 28,026 22,238 21,009 19.1 12.0
Decrease, tlncorporated since 1890.
CITIES OF FASTEST GROWTH, 1900 TO 1910.
Pop.. Pet. inc.
Rank. City. 1910. 1900-1910,
1. Oklahoma City, Okla 64,205 539.7
2. Mr.skogee, Oklu 25,278 494.2
3. Birmingham, Ala 132,685 245.4
4. Pasadena, Cal 30.291 232.2
5. Los Angeles, Cal 319,198 211.5
6. Berkeley, Cal 40,434 206.0
7. Flint, Mich 38,550 194.2
8. Seattle, Wash 237.194 194.0
9. Spokane, Wash 104.402 183.8
10. Fort Worth, Tex 73,312 174.7
11. Huntington, W. Va 31.161 161.4
12. El Paso, Tex 39,279 146.9
13. Tampa, Fla 37,782 138.5
14. Scheuectady, N. Y 72,826 129.9
15. Portland, Ore 207,214 129.2
16. Oakland, Cal 150,174 T24.3
17. San Diego, Cal 39,578 123-ft
18. Tacoma, Wash 83,743 122.0
19. Dallas, Tex 92,104 116.0
20. Wichita, Kas 52,450 112.6
21. Waterloo, Iowa 26,693 112.2
22. Jacksonville, Fla 57,699 103.0
DWELLINGS AND FAMILIES IN THE UNITED STATES (1910).
In census usage a "dwelling" is any building
in which one or more persons reside. A mere
cabin, or room in a warehouse, occupied by a
single person, is a census dwelling, while, on the
other hand, an apartment house containing many
families constitutes only one dwelling. Only oc-
cupied dwellings are included in the following
tables. The term "family" as used in census
reports means a household or group of persons,
whether related by blood or not, who share a
common abode, usually also sharing the same
table. If one person lives alone he constitutes a
family, while, on the other hand, those who dwell
in a hotel or institution in which many people
live are also treated as forming a single family.
There is, however, no considerable difference be-
tween the average size of all families under the ,
census usage and the average size of what are i
commonly termed families or households in popu-
lar speech. In 1900 the difference for the United
States as a whole was only 0.1 per cent.
At ach census from 1850 to 1910 a decrease
was shown in the average number of persons per
dwelling and the average number per family.
The decrease in the average number per dwell-
ing has been due to the decrease in the average
per family, the influence of which has been
partly offset by the increased construction of
tenements and other dwellings containing more
than one family.
In 1910 there were 7,254,242 dwellings and 9,499,-
765 families in urban communities, while there
were 10,551,603 dwellings and 10,755,790 families
in rural communities. For urban communities the
number of persons to a dwelling averaged 5.9-
and to a family 4.5; for rural communities the
number of persons to a dwelling averaged 4.7
and to a family 4.6.
BY STATES.
Dwell-
* Per-
Fam- f
Per-
State.
ings.
sons.
ilies. s
ons.
Alabama
441,249
5.0
454,767
4.7
Arizona
45,386
4.5
47,927
4.3
Arkansas
327,625
4.8
333.368
4.7
California
513,481
4.6
563,636
4.2
Colorado
183,874
4.3
194,467
4.1
Connecticut
181,911
6.1
246,659
4.5
Delaware
43,183
4.7
44,951
4.5
District of Columbia
58,513
5.7
71,339
4.6
Florida '.
165,818
4.5
171,422
4.4
Georgia
530,631
4.9
553.264
4.7
Idaho
71,830
4.5
73,669
4.4
Illinois
1,006,848
5.6
1,264,717
4.5
Indiana
631,554
4.3
654,891
4.1
Iowa
498,943
4.5
512,515
4.3
Kansas
385,672
4.4
395,771
4.3
Kentucky
469,669
4.9
494.788
4.6
Louisiana
331,220
5.0
344,144
4.8
Maine
159,437
4.7
177,960
4.2
Maryland
253,805
5.1
274,824
4.7
Massachusetts
511,926
6.6
734,013
4.6
Michigan
618,222
4.5
657,418
4.3
Minnesota
380,809
5.5
416.452
5.0
Mississippi
376,420
4.8
384,724
4.7
108
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Dwell- *Per- Fam- tPer-
State. ings. sons. ilies. sons.
Missouri 677196 4.9 749,812 4.4
Dwell- *Per- Fam- fPer-
City. ings. sons. ilies. sons.
Chicago, 111 246744 89 473141 46
Montana 82811 45 86,602 4.3
Cincinnati O . 49 525 7 3 87 541 4 2
Nebraska 258 967 4 6 265 549 4 5
Cleveland O 90 465 6 2 124 822 4 5
Nevada 23 044 36 23 677 35
Columbus O 39*580 4 6 42*645 4 3
New Hampshire 88,871 4.8 103,156 4.2
New Jersey 407295 6.2 558,202 4.5
Dayton, 26*692 44 28370 41
Denver Col 44 736 48 51 339 4 2
New Mexico 75,888 4.3 78,883 4.1
New York 1 178 686 77 2 046 845 4 5
Detroit Mich 83 124 5 6 100 356 4 6
Fall River. Mass 10*,962 10.9 24*,378 4.9
Grand Rapids, Mich... 23,432 4.8 26,925 4.2
Indianapolis, Ind 53,359 4.3 58,645 4.0
Jersey City, N. J 27,805 9.6 56,790 4.7
Los Angeles, Cal 69,061 4.6 78,678 4.1
Louisville Ky . . . . 41 686 54 52 155 4 3
North Carolina '430,570 5.1 440,334 5.0
North Dakota 118,757 4.9 120,910 4.8
Ohio 1 024 800 47 1 138 165 4.2
Oklahoma 342 488 4 8 351 167 4 7
Oregon 144.832 4.6 151,858 4.4
Pennsylvania 1,507,483 5.1 1,630,628 4.7
Rhode Island 79 725 6 8 117 976 4 6
Lowell. Mass 15,056 7.1 21*932 4.8
Memphis, Tenn 26,710 4.9 31,154 4.2
Milwaukee, Wis 60,724 6.2 80,566 4.6
Minneapolis, Minn 46,903 6.4 63,241 4.8
Nashville Tenn 22 118 50 26 077 4 2
South Carolina 302,842 5.0 315,204 4.8
South Dakota 127739 46 131,060 4.5
Tennessee . . . 444 814 4 9 462 553 4.7
Texas 779 177 5 798 426 4 9
New Haven, Conn 17*466 7.6 29*271 4.6
New Orleans, La 67,192 5.0 73,377 4.6
New York, N. Y 305,698 15.6 1,020,827 4.7
Newark N J 38 693 90 77 039 4 5
Utah 72649 51 77,339 4.8
Vermont 77466 46 85,178 4.2
Virginia . 400 445 5 1 419 452 4 9
Washington ." 238,822 4.8 254,692 4.5
Oakland Cal 31*740 4 7 36*723 41
West Virginia 239128 5.1 248,840 4.9
Omaha Neb 23 657 52 26 359 4 7
Wisconsin 462,355 5.0 499,629 4.7
Paterson N. J 15812 79 27978 45
Wvoming 30 969 47 32 092 4 5
United States . ...17805842 5.2 20255555 4.5
Pittsburgh, Pa 86,942 6.1 110*457 4.8
Portland, Ore 37.436 5.5 42,029 4.9
Providence, R. 1 28,705 7.8 49,129 4.6
Richmond Va 22 205 57 26 914 4 7
*n 1900 14.430,145 5.3 16,187,715 4.7
In 1890 11,483,318 5.5 12,690,152 4.9
*Persons to a dwelling. fPersons to a family.
BY PRINCIPAL CITIES.
Dwell- *Per- Fam- fPer-
City. ings. sons. ilies. sons.
Albany, N. Y 15,437 6.5 24,069 4.2
Atlanta Ga 30 308 51 35 813 4 3
Rochester, N. Y 38,860 5.6 46,787 4.7
St Louis Mo 105 650 6 5 155 555 4 4
St. Paul, Minn 32,616 6.6 41548 52
San Francisco, Cal.... 65,025 6.4 86,414 4.8
Scranton Pa 22 143 59 26 312 4 9
Seattle, Wash 43,559 5.4 51 ', 042 4.6
Baltimore, Mrt 101^905 5.5 118*851 4.7
Birmingham, Ala 26,989 4.9 31,050 4.3
Spokane, Wash 20.282 5.1 22,676 4.6
Syracuse, N. Y 23,200 5.9 31,551 4.4
Toledo O . 35 888 47 39 677 4 2
Boston, Mass 73,919 9.1 139,700 4.8
Bridgeport. Conn 14,934 6.8 21,689 4.7
Washington, D. C 58,513 5.7 71.339 4.6
Worcester Mass. . 15 109 97 30 743 4 7
Cambridge, Mass 14,577 7.2 22,765 4.6
*Persons to a dwelling. fPersons to a family.
STATE NICKNAMES I
State. Nickname. Flower.
Alabama Cotton state Goldenrod
LND STATE FLOWERS.
State. Nickname. Flower.
New Jersey Jersey Blue state.Sugar maple(tree)
New York . ..Empire state. Rose
Arizona . . . Sequoia cactus
Arkansas Bear state Apple blossom
California Golden state Poppy
Colorado Centennial state.. Columbine
Connecticut Nutmeg state Mountain laurel
Delaware Blue Hen state Peach blossom
North Carolina .Old North state.
North Dakota. . . Flickertai 1 state Goldenrod
Ohio Buckeye state.
Oregon Beaver state Oregon grape
Pennsylvania... Keystone state.
Rhode Island Little Rhody.. . Violet
Florida Peninsula state.
Georgia Cracker state Cherokee rose
Idaho Syringa
South Carolina.. Palmetto state.
South Dakota... Sunshine state. .Pasqueflower (ane-
mone patens) with
motto "I Lead."
Tennessee Big Bend state
Illinoi s* . Sucker state Violet
Indianat Hoosierstate . .. Carnation
Iowa. . . '. Hawkeye state Wild rose
Kansas Sunflower state Sunflower
Kentucky Blue Grass state Blue grass
Louisiana Pelican state Magnolia
Maine Pine Tree state Pine cone
Texas . ... Lone Star state Bluebonnet
Utah Seto Illy
Vermont Green Mountain state. ..lied clover
Maryland Old Line state.
Massachusetts.. Buy state.
Michigan Wolverine state Apple blossom
Minnesota Gopher state Moccasin
Mississippi Bavou state Magnolia
Virginia The Old Dominion.
Washington Evergreen state Rhododendron
West Virginia... The Panhandle Rhododendron
Wisconsin Badger state Violet
NOTE Only nicknames that are well known
and "state flowers" officially adopted or com-
monly accepted are given in the foregoing list.
*Native state tree, the native oak. tOfficial
state song, "On the Banks of the Wabash."
Montana Stub Toe state Bitter root
Missouri... Goldenrod
Nebraska Goldenrod
Nevada Silver state
NewHampshireGranite state.
BURIAL PLACES OF
George Washington Mount Vernon, Va.
John Adams Quincy, Mass.
Thomas Jefferson Monticello, Va.
James Madison Montpelier, Va.
James Monroe Richmond, Va.
John Quincy Adams Quincy, Mass.
Andrew Jackson Hermitage, Nashville, Tenn.
Martin Van Buren Kinderhook, N. Y.
William Henry Harrison North Bend, O.
John Tyler Richmond, Va.
James Knox Polk Nashville, Tenn.
Zachary Taylor Springfield, Ky.
AMERICAN PRESIDENTS.
.Millard Fillmbre Buffalo, N. Y.
Franklin Pierce Concord, N. H.
James Buchanan Lancaster, Pa.
Abraham Lincoln Springfield, 111.
Ulysses S. Grant New York, N. Y.
Rutherford B. Hayes Fremont, O.
James A. Garfield Cleveland, O.
Chester A. Arthur Albany, N. Y.
Benjamin Harrison Indianapolis, Ind.
William McKinley Canton, O.
Grover Cleveland Princeton, N. J.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
109
PAUPERS ENUMERATED IN
[United States
State. Total. Male.Female
Alabama 739 365 374
ALMSHOUSES JAN, 1, 1910.
census report.]
PAUPERS ADMITTED TO ALMSHOUSES IN
1910.
Total 88 313 NPSTA R Km
Arizona 271 247 24
Arkansas 534 284 250
Male 67 195
Male 4 612
California 4646 3952 694
Female 21,118
White 81,185
Male 62 262
Female 2 195
Colorado 510 434 76
Indian 130
Other colored 241
ERS IN ALMSHOUSES.
ADMITTED IN 1910.
Born in No.
Austria-Hungary . 1,666
Canada (English) . 1.837
Canada (French). . 505
England and Walts 2,945
France 402
Germany 5,531
Ireland 11, 90S
Italy 1.139
Poland 979
Connecticut 2 ?44 1571 673
Delaware 366 227 139
Female 18^873
FOREIGN-BORN PAUP
ENUMERATED JAN. 1, 1910.
Born in No.
Austria-Hungary.. 1,052
Canada (English).. 1,300
Canada (French)... 528
England and Wales 2,922
France 458
Germany 7.373
Ireland 14.177
Italy 427
Poland . 613
District of Columbia . . 276 163 113
Florida 207 161 46
Georgia 813 351 462
Idaho 97 85 12
Illinois 5421 4021 1400
Indiana 3*114 2*122 *992
Iowa 1*779 1*198 581
Kansas '735 '502 233
Kentucky . 1 522 871 651
Louisiana *187 112 75
Maine 945 529 416
Maryland 1,681 1,149 532
Massachusetts 6,555 4,418 2.137
Michigan 2,970 2,157 813
Minnesota 687 550 137
Mississippi 436 182 254
Missouri 2,388 1,533 855
Montana 415 383 32
Nebraska 551 449 102
Nevada 159 145 14
Russia 431
Scandinavia .. 1.891
Scotland 817
Switzerland 513
Other countries... 623
Of the foreign-born
almshouses in 1910 26,470
States twenty-six years
three had been in the co
DEFECTIVE PAUPEE
ENUMERATED JAN. 1, 1910.
Total number 53.619
Male 34 650
Russia 1.315
Scandinavia 1.947
Scotland 995
Switzerland 430
Other countries... 1.755
paupers enumerated in
had lived in the United
or more. Only thirty-
untry less than one year.
>S IN ALMSHOUSES.
ADMITTED IN 1910.
Total number.. ..32,519
Male 24 098
New Hampshire 991 557 434
New Jersey 2135 1407 728
New York 12031 8035 3996
North Carolina 1389 596 793
North Dakota ... 81 59 22
Ohio 8078 5638 2440
Oklahoma 48 39 9
Oregon 352 328 24
Pennsylvania .... ... 9606 6623 2983
Rhode Island 768 401 *367
South Carolina 478 219 259
Female 18,969
Insane 2,857
Feeble-minded ... 9,813
Female 8,421
Insane 1,681
Feeble-minded .. 3,601
Epileptic 646
South Dakota 145 109 36
Tennessee ... 1 569 776 793
Texas ' 861 560 301
Utah 181 121 60
Vermont 383 222 161
Blind 2 427
Blind 835
Virginia 1,688 883 805
Crippled 10 823
Crippled 9 033
Washington 564 493 71
Old and infirm.... 14. 066
Old and infirm 9*772
Bedridden 4 960
West Virginia 808 462 346
Wisconsin 1,775 1343 432
Two or more de-
fects 1 839
Wyoming 19 17 2
Two or more de-
fects 6,811
IN ALMSHOUSES.
ADMITTED IN 1910.
Under 5 years.. 3,459
5 to 14 years... 2,651
15 to 24 years. . 7.350
25 to 28 years. . 4.835
30 to 34 years. . 4,850
35 to 39 years. . 5.656
40 to 44 years. . 5,883
45 to 49 years. . 6.579
50 to" 54 years. . 7.953
55 to 59 years. 7.691
60 to 64 years. 8.484
65 to 69 years. 7.446
70 to 74 years. 6.202
75 to 79 years. 3,986
80 years or more 3.365
Age unknown... 1.923
garnet; February, am-
April, sapphire ; May.
r agate; June, emerald;
lelian; September, chrys-
ine or beryl; November,
zed by the American Jew-
January, garnet ; Febru-
aquamarine, bloodstone ;
emerald ; June, pearl,
August, moonstone, peri-
re ; October, opal, tour-
z ; December, turquoise,
PAUPERS BY COLOR AND SEX.
White Total 77,734 Male 3,763
Male 53149 Female 2518
AGE OF PAUPERS
ENUMERATED JAN. 1, 1910.
Under 5 years . 1,186
5 to 14 years. . 1.184
15 to 24 years. . 2,514
25 to 29 years. . 2,058
30 to 34 years. . 2,396
35 to 39 years. . 3,337
40 to 44 years. . 4.203
45 to 49 years. . 5.188
50 to 54 years. . 7,113
55 to 59 years. .. 8,312
60 to 64 years. ..10,089
65 to 69 years. ..10.357
70 to 74 years. ... 9,743
75 to 79 years. ... 7.720
80 or more years.. 8,123
Age unknown 675
YMBOLS OF MONTHS
months are: January,
ethyst; March, jasper;
chalcedony, carnelian o
July, onyx; August, can
olite; October, aquamar
topaz; December, ruby.
The birth stones author]
elers' association are:
ary, amethyst; March,
April, diamond ; May,
moonstone ; July, ruby ;
dot ; September, sapphi
maline; November, topa
lapis lazuli.
Female 24585 Indian 74
Negro Total 6281 Other colored 109
WHITE PAUPERS BY NATIVITY AND PAR-
ENTAGE.
Native Total 44 254 Male 7 512
Male 28,321 Female 2,565
Female 15933 Par'tage unknown 1,719
Native parentage. 32. 458 Foreign born 33,125
Male 19.817 Male 24 6U5
Female 12 641 Female 8 520
Foreign parentage. 10, 077 Nativity unknown *355
FLOWER AND GEM S
Month. Flower. Gem.
February. . . .Primrose. Amethyst
March Violet Bloodstone.
April Daisy Diamond.
Mav. . . Hawthorn Emerald
July Water lily ^. . . Rnbv
August Poppy Sardonyx.
October Hops Aquamarine.
November. . . Chrysanthemum Topaz
December Holly Turquoise.
The above gem symbols are those of Polish
tradition. The Jewish gem symbols of the
110
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
INSANE ENUMERATED II
[From United Sta
State. ' Total. Male.Female
Alabama 9 rwa aci i nuo
r HOSPITALS JAN, 1,
tes census report.]
ADMITTEl
Born in Number.
Austria-Hungary... 1,402
Canada (English).. 1.030
Canada (French)... 266
England and Wales 1,148
France 146
1910.
) IN 1910.
Born in Number.
Italy 863
Arizona ...
Arkansas
i Poland 429
California
6,652 4,115 2,537
1,199 687 512
Russia 1.518
Scandinavia 1,587
Scotland 297
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
441 237 204
Germany 3.105
Ireland 2,833
INSANE IN HOSI
ENUMERATED JAN. 1, 1910.
Under 15 years.... 341
15 to 19 years 2.312
20 to 24 years 7.801
25 to 29 years 14,083
30 to 34 years 19,091
35 to 39 years 22,856
40 to 44 years 23,321
45 to 49 years 22.874
50 to 54 jears 20.885
55 to 59 years 16.383
60 to 64 years 12.729
65 years or more.. 21, 881
Switzerland 1H6
Other countries... 703
ITALS BY AGES.
20 to 24 years 21,432
25 to 29 years 27,195
30 to 34 years 26.655
35 to 39 years 24,225
40 to 44 years 1.TC4
45 to 49 years 14,784
50 to 54 years 11.167
bo to 59 years 6.922
60 to 64 years 5.239
65 years or more.. 8.316
Age oiiknovni 13911
*Age of insane enu-
merated in hospitals
Jan. 1, 1910, when first-
admitted to any hospi-
tal.
RESIDENCE PRIOR TO
ADMISSION^.
In places having a pop-
ulation of
Lss than 2. 500.. 20,442
2,500 to 10,000.. 5,942
10,000 to 25,000.. 4,239
25,000 to 50,000.. 3,515
50,000 to 100,000.. 3,228
100,000 to 500,000.. 7,901
500,000 or more.... 11,829
NOTE These figures re-
fer to residence prior
to admission of insane
In hospitals enumerated
Jan. 1. 1910.
ITAL, CONDITION.
JAN. 1, 1910.
Female Total 89,096
Sinule 3" 115
District of Columbia
Florida
... . 849 446 403
Georgia
Idaho
388 256 132
Illinois
12 839 6 846 5 993
Indiana
4 527 2 35 2 292
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky ...
Louisiana
2 158 1 070 1 088
Maine
1 258 693 565
Maryland
3 220 1 569 1 651
Massachusetts .
Michigan ....
Minnesota ....
4,744 2,755 1,989
Mississippi
Missouri
6 168 3 231 2 937
Montana
697 531 166
ADMITTED IN 1910.
Under 15 years.... 327
15 to 19 years 2,539
20 to 24 years 5,701
25 to 29 years 7.027
30 to 34 years 7.295
35 to 39 years 7.495
40 to 44 years 6,469
45 to 49 years 5,681
50 to 64 years 4,877
55 to 59 vears 3,368
60 to 64 years 2.872
65 years or more.. 6,161
Age unknown 957
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
. . . . 909 463 446
New Jersey
New Mexico
........ 219 128 91
31 280 14 955 16 3 9 5
New York
North Carolina
2 522 1 032 1 490
North Dakota .
628 407 22 1
Ohio
10 594 5 615 4 979
Oklahoma
Oregon
1 565 1 088 477
Pennsylvania
15 058 7 919 7 139
Rhode Island :
1,243 '650 '593
South Carolina
South Dakota
1,541 708 833
WHEN FIRST ADMITTED.*
Under 15 years.... 1,079
15 to 19 years 8 10 9
Tennessee
2,204 1,057 1,147
Utah
4,053 2,087 1,966
342 171 171
INSANE BY MAlT
ENUMERATED
Male Total 98,695
Single 62,68.",
Married 26 047
Vermont
990 528 46 9
Virginia ....
3 635 1 779 1 816
Washington
1 987 1 325 66 9
West Virginia
1,722 900 822
Wisconsin
Married 35.975
Widowed 12.672
Divorced ... 1 368
Wyoming
162 105 67
Widowed 5.405
Divorced 1,040
Unknown 3.520
INSANE BY
Insane at least 10 year 1
hospitals, J
Literate Total ..142,315
-Male 75.642
Female 66.673
United States ..
187 7Q1 QS fiQS BQ AQC
Unknown 1,966
"LITERACY.
3 of age enumerated in
an. 1. 1910.
Native Literate.. 94,896
Illiterate 16.669
Foreign *Literate 40,452
Illiterate 10 224
INSANE BY RACE, NATIVITY AND SEX.
ENUMERATED IN HOSPITALS, JAN. 1. 1910.
Total. Male.Female
White 174994 O1 C17 B9 Cft7
Native
Native parentage
115,402 60,644 54,758
67 531 35 238 32 ?93
Foreign parentage
... 28 186 15 415 12 771
Illiterate Total.. 35,959
Male 17 896
Foreign-born
54 096 28 415 25 681
*Foreign-born.
DEATHS IN 1910.
DIED.
White Total 16.868
Male 9.939
Nativity unknown
4 726 2 558 2 168
Female 18,063
Negro
12 910 6 536 6 374
DISCHARGES ANE
DISCHABGED.
White Total 27,614
Male 15.261
Female 12.3n2
Colored Total 1,690
Male 932
Indian
166 90 76
Other colored.
4Q1 459 QQ
INSANE ADMITTED TO HOSPITALS IN 1910.
White Total
Female 6.929
Native
39 629 22 190 17 439
Colored Total ... 2,056
Male 1 106
Female 758
Female /. ... 950
INSTITUTIONS JAN. 1.
0.
es census report.!
Total. Male.Female.
8=14 47tt 284
Foreign-born
15,523 8 838 6 685
FEEBLE MINDED IN
191
[From United Stal
State.
California
Nativity unknown
1 030 618 412
Negro
4 384 2 304 2 OSO
Indian
51 32 19
Other colored
152 134 18
FOREIGN-BORN IXsI
ENUMKRATEI
Born in Number.
Austria-Hungary... 3.477
Canada (English). 2,777
Canada (French). 972
England and Wales 3.706
INE IN HOSPITALS.
> JAN. 1, 1910.
Born in Number.
Italy 1 829
Colorado 64 39 25
Connecticut 294 156 138
Illinois 1 2fiS 71 s 547
... 1,135 518 617
... 1,189 619 570
... 420 237 183
983 IK? ite
Poland l 312
Iowa
Russia 3,121
Scandinavia 6.442
Scotland 849
Switzerland 752
Other countries... 1,554
Kansas
Maine 62 49 13
Maryland 310 151 159
Ireland .. ...13.174
Massachusetts 1,464 879 585
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Ill
State.
Michigan
Total.
986
Male.!
518
628
233
30
235
70
296
1,685
79
810
1,598
48
emile
468
566
279
21
211
74
344
1,736
66
716
1,107
State.
Total.
47
19
Male. Female
25 22
9 10
45
29 31
116 98
468 561
Minnesota
1 194
Texas ...
Missouri
512
Utah
45
Montana
51
Virginia
60
Nebraska
446
West Virginia
214
New Hampshire
144
. 1 029
640
United States
New York
3 421
20 731
11,015
10,849
162
4
2,227
9,716
9,592
118
6
1.598
North Dakota
145
White
20 441
Ohio
1 526
280
2 705
10
Rhode Island
. .. 48
\dmitted in 1910
3 825
PRISONERS IN THE UNITED STATES.
Enumerated Jan. 1, 1910. [From report of United States census bureau.]
Total.
.State.
Alabama ..................... .
Arizona ....................... 692
Arkansas ..................... 1,361
California .................... 4,900
Colorado ...................... 1,662
Connecticut .................. 2,218
Delaware ..................... 391
District of Columbia ........ 1,196
Florida ....................... 1,934
Georgia ....................... 5,078
Idaho ......................... 287
Illinois ....................... 7,025
Indiana ....................... 3,969
Iowa .......................... 1,920
Kansas ........................ 1,971
Kentucky .................... 3,564
Louisiana .................... 2,514
Maine ........................ 1,073
Maryland ..................... 3,328
Massachusetts ............... 8,212
Michigan ..................... 3,747
Minnesota .................... 2,005
Mississippi ................... 2,283
Montana ...................... 1,050
Nebraska ..................... 789
Nevada ........... . ........... 289
New Hampshire ............. 707
New Jersey .................. 3,837
New Mexico ................... 425
New York .................... 16,082
North Carolina .............. 1,420
North Dakota ................ 419
Ohio ......................... 5,979
Oklahoma ................... 1,668
Oregon ........................ 737
Pennsylvania ................. 10,313
Rhode Island ................. 1,088
South Carolina ................ 1,691
South Dakota ................. 382
Tennessee .................... 2,713
Texas ......................... 4,412
Utah .......................... 692
Vermont ...................... 568
Virginia ...................... 3,619
Washington .................. 1,884
West Virginia ................ 1,816
Wisconsin .................... 2,281
Male. Female
3,674 184
682 10
1,308 53
4,740 160
1,513 149
1,844 374
344 47
1,014 182
1,850 84
4,854 224
286 1
6,173 852
3,465 504
1,687 233
1,725 246
3,299 265
2,401 113
878 195
2,946 382
7,193 1,019
3,308 439
1,858 147
2,194 89
1,032 18
720 69
285 4
612 95
3,444 393
415 10
14,254 1,828
1,331 89
410 9
5,190 789
1,630 38
729 8
9,315 998
962 126
1,613 78
343 39
2,581 132
4,312 100
682 10
499 69
3,385 234
1,796 88
1,689 127
1.982 299
State. Total. Male.Female
Wyoming . . . 287 286 1
United States prisons 1,904 1,904
United States
...136,472 124,424 12.048
NOTE Prisoners in abc
delinquents.
PRISONERS BY RACE,
WHITE.
Total 93 841
ve table include juvenile
NATIVITY AND SEX.
Male IS. 450
Female . . 1 520
Male 85,218
Nativity unknown. 1,030
NEGHO.
Total 41 729
Female 8 623
Native Total 71, 841
Male 64 807
Male 38 346
Female 7,034
Foreign Total . . .20,970
JUVENILE Dl
Total 24 974
Female 2.383
Other colored 902
ELJNQUENTS.
White . 21 044
Male 19,062
Female 5 912
Negro 3,853
Other colored 75
[FIED BY CRIMES.
Larceny 27 817
PRISONERS CLASS
Grave homicide .. 6,904
Lesser homicide .. 7,412
Major assaults. .. 7,172
Minor assaults. .. 2,870
Robbery 4 937
Fraud 1 518
Forgery 3 3 1 7
Drunk, disorderly. 13, 914
Vagrancy . 6 956
Burglary 18,307
NOTE Prisoners inclm
only principal offenses a
PRISONERS CLASSiF
Sentenced to
Death 143
le juvenile delinquents;
re given.
IED BY SENTENCES.
Sentenced to
6 years 1.408
Life imprisonment 6.444
20 years or more.. 3,841
15 to 19 years 2.593
10 to 14 years 5,752
9 years 471
5 years 6.460
4 years 3.054
3 years 5,606
2 years 8 240
1 year 8,783
Less than 1 year.. 23. 449
Indeterminate ....27,487
MITTED IN 1910.
White 381,498
8 yars 1,274
7 years 1 909
PRISONERS COM
Total 493 934
Male 445 431
Colored 112,436
PAROLED IN 1910.
White 365 010
Female 48.503
DISCHARGED OR
Totil 46S 277
Male 422 258
Colored . . .103 267
Female .. .. 46.019
STATE
Alabama Wetumpka.
Alaska Sitka (U. S. jail).
Arizona Florence.
Arkansas Little Rock.
California Folsom.
San Quentin.
Colorado Canon City.
Connecticut Weathersfleld.
Delaware Wilm'srton(w'khouse).
District of Columbia U. S. jail.
Florida Tallahassee (commis-
sion).
Georgia Atlanta (commission).
Illinois Joliet, Chester.
Idaho Boise.
Indiana Michigan City.
Indianapolis (women).
Icwa Fort Madison, Anamosa.
Kansas Lansing.
Kentucky Frankfort.
Eddyv'ille (branch).
Louisiana Baton Rouge.
Maine Thomaston.
Maryland Baltimore.
PRISONS IN THE UNITED
Massachusetts Charlestown.
Bridgewater.
South Framingham (women).
Michigan Jackson.
Marquette (branch).
Minnesota Stillwater.
Mississippi Jackson(comm'sion).
Missouri Jefferson City.
Montana Deer Lodge.
Nebraska Lincoln.
Nevada Carson City.
New Hampshire Concord.
New Mexico Santa Fe.
New Jc rsey Trenton.
New York Auburn.
Dannemora (Clinton).
Sing Sing (Ossining).
North Carolina Raleigh.
North Dakota Bismarck.
Ohio Columbus.
Oklahoma McAlester.
Oregon Salem.
Pennsylvania Philadelphia.
Allegheny (Pittsburgh).
STATES.
Rhode Island Howard.
South Carolina Columbia.
South Dakota Sioux Falls.
Tennessee Nashville.
Petros (branch).
Texas Huntsville. .
Rusk.
Utah Salt Lake City.
Ver mon t Wi n d sor.
Virginia Richmond.
Washington Walla Walla.
West Virginia Moundsville.
Wisconsin Waupun.
Wyoming Rawlins.
TTKITED STATES PEISONS.
Atlanta, Ga. Penitentiary.
Fort Leavenworth, Kas. Peni-
tentiary.
McNeil's Island. Wash. Peni-
tentiary.
Mare Island, Cal. Naval prison.
Boston, Mass. Naval prison.
Portsmouth, N.H. Naval prison.
112
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
ILLITERACY IN THE T
The following statistics, except where other-
wise specified, relate only to persons 10 years of
age or over. The bureau of the census classifies
as illiterate all persons 10 years of age or over
who are unable to write, regardless of their
ability to read.
PERCENTAGE OF ILLITERACY.
The following table shows the total population
10 years of age and over and the number and
percentage of Illiterate by color or race, nativity
and parentage:
Class. Population. Illiterate. Pet.
White 63933870 3,184,633 5.0
7NITED STATES
State.
Idaho
(1910).
, 1910.
Number.
5,453
. 168 294
Pet. Number. Pet.
2.2 5,505 4.6
3.7 157,958 4.2
3.1 90,539 4.6
1.7 40,172 2.3
2.2 32,513 2.9
12.1 262,954 16.5
29.0 381,145 38.5
4.1 29.060 5.1
7.2 101,947 11.1
5.2 134,043 5.9
3.3 80,482 4.2
3.0 52,946 4.1
22.4 251,461 32.0
4.3 152.844 6.4
4.8 11,075 6.1
1.9 17,997 2.3
6.7 4,645 13.3
4.6 21,075 6.2
5.6 86,658 5.9
20.2 46,971 33.2
5.5 318,100 5.5
18.5 386,251 28.7
3.1 12.719 5.6
3.2 131,541 4.0
5.6 67,826 12.1
1.9 10,686 3.3
5.9 299,376 6.1
7.7 29,004 8.4
25.7 338,659 35.9
2.9 14,832 5.0
13.6 306,930 20.7
9.9 314,018 14.5
2.5 6,141 3.1
3.7 16,247 5.8
15.2 312,120 22.9
2.0 12,740 3.1
8.3 80.105 11.4
3.2 73,779 4.7
3.3 2,878 4.0
7.7 6,180,069 10.7
? CITIES.
population in 1910.
Pet. Number. Pet.
3.2 2,181 2.8
8.6 11,406 15.8
4.4 29.148 7.2
10.4 5,986 19.1
4.4 23,320 5.1
5.4 2,999 5.3
3.7 13,152 4.8
3.0 3,388 4.6
4.5 51,142 3.9
3.1 8,848 3.4
4.6 14,091 4.7
2.9 3.290 3.2
2.3 1,797 2.6
2.1 1,979 1.3
5.0 9,062 4.1
13.2 12,110 14.9
2.5 2,136 3.1
3.0 6,004 4.3
5.6 7,171 4.5
2.3 5,258 3.9
1.9 1,956 2.3
5.3 14,567 .8.3
6.0 6,843 8.8
8.0 14,989 18.3
3.6 8,243 3.8
2.4 2.977 1.8
8.8 9,460 14.4
7.0 4,875 5.6
6.9 30,820 13.6
6.7 181,835 6.8
6.0 11,715 6.1
3.0 1,614 2.9
2.7 1,662 2.0
6.9 5,191 6.3
4.6 45.546 4.4
6.2 20,402 5.8
1.2 3,925 5.1
7.7 10.029 7.0
8.2 9.501 13.7
Illinois . . .
Indiana
66 213
Iowa
29 889
Kansas
.. 28,968
.. 208,084
352 179
Kentucky
Maine
24 554
Maryland
73 397
Massachusetts
.. 141,541
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
.. 74,800
.. 49.336
.. 290,235
.. 111,116
14 457
Native 50 989 341 1 534 272 3.0
Native parentage.... 37, 081,278 1,378,884 3.7
Foreign or mixed par-
entage 13,908,063 155,388 1.1
Nebraska
Foreign born 12,944,529 1,650,361 12.7
4 702
Negro 7 317 922 2 227 731 30 4
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
.. 16,386
.. 113,502
.. 48,697
.. 406,020
Indian 188 758 85 445 45 3
Chinese 68*924 10,891 15.8
Japanese 67661 6213 9.2
New York
North Carolina
All other 3,135 1,250 39.9
United States 71,580,270 5,516,163 7.7
North Dakota ....
13 070
Ohio
The corresponding percentages of illiterates at
three previous censuses were: 1880, 17.0; 1890,
13.3; 1900, 10.7.
ILLITERACY BY SEX.
, Male. x f Female. \
Class. Illiterate. Pet. Illiterate. Pet.
White 1,662,505 5.0 1,522,128 4.9
Oklahoma
67,567
Oregon
10 504
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
.. 354,290
33 854
South Carolina....
South Dakota
.. 276.980
12 750
Tennessee
.. 221,071
. 282 904
Native 796.055 3.1 738,217 2.9
Native parentage 715,926 3.8 662,958 3.7
Foreign or mixed
parentage 80,129 1.2 75,259 1.1
Foreign born 866,450 11.8 783,911 13.9
Negro 1,096,000 30.1 1,131,731 30.7
Utah
Vermont
6,821
10,806
Virginia
.. 232,911
18 416
Washington
West Virginia.. ,
Wisconsin
, 74,866
, 57.769
Chinese 9,849 15.0 1,042 30.2
Japanese 5 247 86 966 14 1
Wyoming 3,874
United States 5,516,163
ILLITERATES B"
Cities of 100.000 or more
f 1910
City. Number.
Albany NY.. - 2 7fi5
All other . 1 245 40 5 5
United States.... 2,814,950 7.6 2,701,213 7.8
URBAN AND RURAL ILLITERACY
(PER CENT).
Class. Total. Urban. Rural.
White 5.0 4.2 5.8
Atlanta, Ga
.. 10,813
Native 30 08 48
Baltimore, Md
.. 20,325
Native parentage 3.7 0.9 5.4
Birmingham, Ala.
Boston, Mass
Bridgeport, Conn..
Buffalo, N Y
.. 11,026
.. 24,468
4,440
12,745
For. or mixed parentage.. 1.1 0.7 1.9
Foreign born. .. . 127 126 13.2
Negro .... 30 4 17 6 36 1
All other 31 6 11 40 1
Cambridge, Mass..
Chicago, III
Cincinnati, O
2,540
.. 79,911
9,576
PERCENTAGE ILLITERATES BY SECTIONS.
Section. 1910. 1900.
New England 53 60
Cleveland O
.. 20,676
4 442
Columbus, O
Middle Atlantic 57 58
Davton, O
2,224
3,841
East North Central '34 43
Denver, Col
West North Central 29 41
Detroit, Mich
18.731
South Atlantic 16 23 9
Fall River. Mass.... 12,276
Grand Rapids, Mich. 2,271
Indianapolis, Ind 5,874
Jersey City, N. J.... 11,797
Kansas City, Mo 4,937
Los Angeles, Cal 5,258
Louisville. Ky 9,866
Lowell. Mass 5,172
Memphis, Tenn 8,855
East South Central 174 249
West South Central . 13 2 20 5
Mountain 69 9.6
Pacific ... 30 42
Northern states 43 50
Southern states 15 6 23 3
Western states 4.4 6.3
United States 7.7 10.7
ILLITERATES BY STATES.
, 1910. N , 1900. x
State. Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
Alabama 352,710 229 443590 340
Milwaukee, Wis 10,765
Minneapolis, Minn.. ' 6,139
Nashville, Tenn 7,947
New Haven. Conn... 7,502
New Orleans, La. ... 18,987
New York, N. Y 254,208
Newark N J i SR3
Arizona 32 953 20 9 27 304 29
Arkansas 142,954 12.6 190,655 20.4
California . 74 902 37 58 959 4 8
Oakland, Cal
Omaha, Neb
Paterson, N. J....
3,863
2,798
6,927
Colorado 23,780 3.7 17,779 4.2
Connecticut 53,665 6.0 42,973 5.9
Delaware 13 240 81 17 531 12
Philadelphia, Pa..
Pittsburgh Pa
.. 57,700
26 627
District of Columbia 13,812 4.9 20,028 8.6
Florida 77,816 13.8 84,285 21.9
Georgia .. ,. 389.775 20.7 480.420 30.5
Portland. Ore
Providence, R. I..
Richmond. Va...
2,145
.. 14,236
8.641
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR J917.
113
City.
1910. N , 1900. v
Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
Rochester, N. Y
St. Louis, Mo
St. Paul, Minn
San Francisco, Cal...
Scranton, Pa <
Seattle, Wash
6,916
21.123
3.7nl
7,697
8,933
2,217
3.8
3.7
2.1
2.1
8.9
1.1
20,359
3.956
6,814
901
City.
Spokane, Wash
Syracuse, N. Y
Toledo. O
Washington, D. C...
Worcester, Mass....
, - 1910. - v - 1900. - ^
Number. Pet. Number. Pet.
1,123
5,629
3.809
13.812
5,977
1.3
4.9
2.8
4.9
5.0
554
2,800
3,865
20,028
4,580
1.8
3.2
3.7
8.6
4.9
BLIND POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES (1910).
Per
State. Number. 100,000
Alabama 1,572 73.5
Arizona 196 95.9
Arkansas 1,201 76.3
California 1,329 55.9
Colorado 378 47.3
Connecticut 553 49.6
Delaware 131 64.7
District of Columbia 223 67.4
Florida 402 53.4
Georgia 1,701 65.2
Idaho 158 48.5
Illinois 2,975 52.8
Indiana 2.121 78.5
Iowa 1,388 62.4
Kansas 1.069 63.2
Kentucky 2,153 94.0
Louisiana 1,107 66.8
Maine 585 78.8
Maryland 802 61.9
Massachusetts 2,016 60.8
Michigan 1,574 56.0
State. Number.
Minnesota 881
Mississippi 1,338
Missouri 2,442
Montana 168
Nebraska 464
Nevada 97
New Hampshire 291
New Jersey 1,127
New Mexico 554
New York 4,692
North Carolina 1,563
North Dakota 167
Ohio 3,740
Oklahoma 874
Oregon 297
Pennsylvania 4,182
Rhode Island 314
South Carolina 1.011
South Dakota 268
Tennessee 1,956
*Per
Per
100,000
State. Number.
100,000
42.4
Texas 2 439
62.6
74.5
Utah 188
50.4
74.1
Vermont . . 301
84.6
44.7
Virginia 1,649
80.0
38.9
Washington . . .. 439
38.4
118.5
West Virginia 797
65.3
67.6
Wisconsin 1,321
56.6
44.4
Wyoming 48
32.9
169.3
51.5
70.8
United States 57,272
62.3
28.9
*Per 100,000 of general
popu-
78.5
lation.
52.7
Number of blind per
100.000
44.1
general population of th
B same
54.6
race and nativitv in 1900:
White,
57.9
58.2; native white, 55;
foreign
66.7
born white. 74.5; colorer
. 94.6;
45.9
negro, 90; Indian, 302.6; C
hinese,
89.5
Japanese, etc., 23.2.
Some of the foreign countries
in which the number of blind
per 100,000 of general popula-
tion is high are:
Bahamas (1901) 251.2
Danish Antilles (1901) 278.4
Jamaica (1911) 209.3
St. Lucia (1901) 244.6
Cyprus (1901) 730.3
Malta and Gozo 201.2
Russia (European, 1897).... 201.6
Formosa (1905) 515.7
Philippines (1903) 226.3
BLIND IN OTHER COUNTRIES.
Egypt (1907) 1,325.1
Uganda (1911) 317.7
Number of blind in the lead-
ing countries of Europe per
100,000 of general population:
Austria (1910) 69.4
Belgium (1910) 43.5
Bulgaria (1905) 132.4
Denmark (1911) 52.7
England-Wales (1911) 73.0
Finland (1900) 119.0
France (1901) 70.6
Germany (1900) 60.9
Hungary (1900) 100.6
Ireland (1911) 98.2
Italy (1901) 117.5
Netherlands (1909) 46.3
Norway (1910) 92.6
Portugal (1911) 132.8
Roumania (1899) 83.4
Russia (1897) 201.6
Scotland (1911) 69.7
Serbia (1900) 94.1
Sweden (1900) 66.4
Switzerland (1896) 72.2
DEAF AND DUMB IN THE UNITED STATES (1910).
[From census bureau report, 1915.]
Total.
317
16
336
299
State.
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado ..................... 109
Connecticut .................. 181
Delaware .................... 19
District of Columbia ....... 56
Florida ...................... 86
Georgia ...................... 348
Idaho ........................ 41
[llinois ....................... 1,310
[ndiana ...................... 634
Iowa ......................... 436
Kansas ...................... 470
Kentucky .................... 664
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota . . .
Mississippi
254
166
499
296
Missouri" 872
Montana 48
Nebraska 280
Nevada 7
New Hampshire 99
New Jersey 324
New Mexico 59
Male. Female.
172
10
168
161
68
102
10
31
22
720
351
249
264
350
143
95
209
306
358
273
167
478
25
155
4
53
le.
145
6
168
138
41
79
9
25
38
163
19
590
283
187
206
314
111
71
179
260
302
226
129
394
23
125
3
46
136
23
State.
New York . .
Total. Male.Female.
.... 2,348 1,346 1,002
504 278 226
North Dakota
101 54 47
Ohio . .
. . 1 154 601 553
304 166 138
Oregon
. . . 130 66 64
1 461 795 666
Rhode Island
113 58 55
South Carolina
245 129 116
South Dakota
109 59 50
Tennessee
588 315 273
719 372 347
Utah
58 31 27
62 40 22
Vircinia
376 205 171
152 87 65
West Virginia
304 162 142
Wisconsin
572 332 240
14 7 7
United States
19 154 1ft 5ft4 S fiSfl
Of the deaf and dumb population 18,017 were
white and 1,137 colored. Of the white 16,179 were
native born and 1,838 foreign born.
NOTE The total number of deaf and dumb
reported in 1910 was 44,708, but satisfactory
schedules giving details were returned by only
19,154. The figures relate only to those who are
botlj deaf and dumb.
114
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
DISTANCES BETWEEN AMERICAN CITIES.
By the shortest usually traveled railroad routes. Compiled from the war department's official table
of distances.
FROM 23T"
New York.
Chicago.
Phila-
delphia.
St. Louis.
Boston.
Baltimore
Cleveland
Buffalo.
k
?!
i
a
' tf
u 3
?' Q
l!
g
Milwau-
kee.
s
II
Washing-
ton.
Minneap-
oils. ||
To
Albany.
Mis.
145
Mis.
832
"&
Mis.
1 028
Mis.
202
Mis.
333
Mis.
480
Mis.
297
Mis.
3 106
Mis.
567
Mis.
724
Mis.
Mis.
1 r >17
Mis.
1 14 9
Mis.
1 252
Atlanta
87(5
733
785
611
1 106
688
736
919
2 805
805
492
010
*446
648
1 158
Baltimore
Boston
188
211
802
1,034
97
321
934
1230
418
"'ii8
474
682
398
499
3.076
3,308
334
674
593
926
887
1 119
1.184
1 602
40
458
i;#2
1 454
Buffalo
44~>
T5
416
731
499
398
183
2 799
270
497
1 256
438
945
Chicago
912
8?1
284
1,034
802
525
2,274
468
298
85
'912
790
420
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Columbus. O
Denver.
Detroit
757
584
637
1,934
693
298
357
314
SP
666
493
546^
1,843
669
341
548
428
916
488
926
682
820
2,05b
750
593
474
511
1,850
649
""138
1,379
173
427
183
321
1.537
251
2.572
2.631
2,588
1371
2,546
313
135
193
1,490
""244
116
1,257
263
383
442
399
1,107
357
829
1,073
9o5
1,347
1 092
553
437
471
1.810
655
718
777
734
884
692
Duluth
1 391
479
1 30C
7^
1 513
1 281
701
1 004
2 238
947
777
422
1 447
1 2K9
163
El Paso
talveston
2.310
1 792
1.4(55
1 144
2.219
1 691
1,245
800
2.414
2012
2J79
1 f>94
1,703
1,408
1.915
1 591
1.287
2 157
1,866
1 481
1,586
1 157
1,550
1 229
1,1
410
2.139
1 554
1.521
1 340
rand Rapids.Mich
elena
Indianapolis
Jacksonville, Fla...
Kansas City
Los Angeles
821
2.452
825
983
1,342
3 149
178
1,540
188
1,097
458
2 265
815
2,361
734
892
1,251
3 058
462
'58
8?
2084
878
2,574
965
1,213
1.466
3273
796
2,342
704
795
1.211
3018
332
1,897
283
1,085
755
2 "62
379
2.065
466
1,193
967
2 774
2.452
1.250
2.457
3.098
1,981
475
462
2,008
381
1,057
898
o 705
308
1,838
111
841
618
245
'203
1,455
268
1,182
543
2 350
1.090
2,15:.'
888
616
880
2 (HI?
764
2.320
664
755
1.171
2 978
'5H8
1.119
(03
1.517
573
2 301
Louisville ....
871
304
780
274
1 040
'703
358
541
2 468
'427
114
'389
663
724
Memphis
1,157
527
1 066
311
1 387
969
738
921
2 439
807
494
612
3%
929
897
Milwaukee
Minneapolis
997
1.332
85
420
90t
1.241
369
58C
1,119
1 454
887
1,222
442
777
610
945
2,359
2 096
553
888
383
718
*335
997
1 285
875
1,210
335
Mobile
1.231
3
1,140
647
1 461
1,043
1,029
1,212
2,623
1 098
785
1 014
141
1,003
1 233
Montreal
386
841
477
1 051
330
574
623
434
3 115
704
826
'926
1 655
614
1125
Newark, N. J
New Haven
New Orleans
New York
9
76
1,372
2 4'Vi
903
980
lil
1444
82
>f
2 315
1.056
1.141
699
1,065
1 414
226
140
1,602
217
2528
179
264
1,184
188
2 296
575
628
1,073
584
1 851
405
445
1,256
442
20'9
3J77
3,254
2,482
3,186
780
435
520
1,142
444
1 %"2
748
833
829
757
1 792
988
1,065
997
997
1 574
1,363
1,448
T.372
1 841
219
304
1,144
228
2284
L323
1,400
1,285
1,333
1 316
Omaha
Philadelphia
1.405
91
493
8?1
U14
413
974
1,527
Vl
1,295
1,750
493
1^018
416
1,781
3,095
961
353
791
666
'578
906
1,080
1 281
1,283
137
381
1,241
Pittsburgh
Portland, Me .
444
468
1 149
353
436
621
1 345
674
115
W
135
797
270
614
2.. 42
3 423
"789
313
1041
553
1 234
1.142
1 717
302
573
888
1 56
Portland, Ore
Providence
Quebec
3,204
190
530
2,292
1,034
1,013
S 'M?
621
2,212
1,230
1343
3,326
402
3,094
378
718
2,649
682
795
2,817
499
612
772
3,308
3 287
2,760
634
876
2,590
926
1039
2',378
?'S8
2 1746
1.5t;2
1 827
3,082
418
786
2,04*
1,454
1 438
Richmond, Va
Rochester, N. Y
St. Joseph, Mo
St. Louis
343
373
1.3H2
1 0*io
879
603
47(
284
252
361
1,301
974
918
799
327
573
430
1,474
1 230
155
354
1,261
934
553
251
875
548
553
68
1,058
731
3,153
2.877
1,867
2 194
417
338
948
621
681
495
668
341
964
688
555
1,046
1.324
941
699
115
894
1,221
844
1.298
1,023
485
580
St. Paul
1 322
410
1 231
576
1 444
1,212
767
935
2 086
878
708
SOP
1 275
1 200
10
San Antonio
San Francisco
Seattle
1.943
3,186
3 151
1,204
2,274
2 '?34
1.852
3.095
3 060
920
2,194
., .,.,.
2.150
3,308
3273
1,755
3.076
2941
1,468
2.631
2 596
1,651
2,799
2 7t>4
1,911
'457
1.541
2.742
2 707
1.217
2,572
2 537
1,289
2,359
2 154
571
2.482
2 Wl
1.715
3.064
3 Q3H
1.320
2,09tt
1 818
Spokane
Springfield. Mass...
Tampa. Fla
2,812
139
1,195
1,900
935
1,309
2,721
230
1.104
uses
1,131
1,187
B
1,425
2.702
327
1,007
2,257
583
1,297
2^25
400
1,405
1,205
3,209
3,310
2,368
583
1,269
2,198
827
1,053
1,815
1,020
1 394
2.535
1,511
828
2,690
367
967
479
1,355
1,725)
Toledo.
705
244
615
437
795
595
113
296
2 518
261
203
of*)
1 032;
695
1 664
Washington
2281
TM
137
894
458
40
437
438
3.064
302
553
875
I.'l44l
1,31
DISTANCES BETWEEN GREAT SEAPORTS.
TO PRINCIPAL EUROPEAN PORTS.
Distances in nautical miles traversed by full
powered steamships in traveling from Boston,
New York, Philadelphia 'and Baltimore to Lon-
don, Liverpool, Glasgow, Antwerp, Hamburg and
Havre by northern and southern routes. Com-
puted by United States hydrographic office.
From North- South-
Boston (Boston lightship) to ern. ern.
London 3,139 3.258
Liverpool 2,896 3,033
Glasgow 2,815 2,987
Antwerp 3,184 3,303
Hamburg 3,446 3,565
Havre 2,990 3,109
New York (the Battery) to London 3,313 3,423
Liverpool 3,070 3,198
Glasgow 2.989 3,152
Antwerp 3,358 3,468
Hamburg 3,620 3,730
Havre 3.164 3.274
Philadelphia (Market street wharf) to
London 3,456 8,566
Liverpool 3,213 3,341
Glasgow 3,132 3,295
Antwerp 3,501 3,611
Hamburg 3,763 3.S73
Havre 3,307 8,417
North-
From
Baltimore (the basin) to ern.
London 3,606
Liverpool 3,363
Glasgow 3,282
Antwerp 3,651
Hamburg 3,913
Havre 3,457
TBOM OTHEB EUROPEAN PORTS.
North-
Glasgow (Greenock) to ern.
Montreal by south of Cape Race 2,864
St. John, New Brunswick 2,673
Boston (navy yard) 2,776
New York (the Battery) 2,951
Philadelphia 3,104
Baltimore 3,258
Newport Xews 3,135
N'ew Orleans 4.486
Galveston 4,662
Southampton to Montreal 3,059
St. John, New Brunswick 2,817
Boston (navy yard) 2,920
New York (the Battery) 3.095
Philadelphia 3,248
Baltimore 3,402
South-
ern.
3,716
3,491
3,445
3,7.31
4,023
3,567
South
ern.
2,864
2,830
2,934
3,099
3,252
3,406
3,283
4,532
4.70S
3,059
2,923
3.027
3,192
3,345
3 ; 499
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 19r
115
From North-
Southampton to era.
Newport News . ... 3 279
South-
ern.
3,376
4,625
4,801
3,534
3,398
3,502
3,667
3,820
3,974
3,851
5,100
5,276
3.293
3,157
3,261
3,426
3,579
3,733
3,610
4,859
5,035
3,834
3,698
3,802
3,967
4,120
4,274
4,151
5,400
5,576
3,873
3,620
3,724
3,889
4,042
4,040
3,787
3,891
4,056
leans,
ortest
all -water routes. [Fr
and Systems of the V
the bureau of statist!
New
Port. York.
Aden . . - R32
om "Trai
Forld," b
cs, Wash
New
Orleans.
7,870
4,853
11,598
9,536
4,458
6,318
11,239
10,142
7,374
10.146
1,380
4.576
5,243
ti97
4,760
12,892
13.719
4,553
12,946
5,266
12.933
5,562
'i.741
16,249
6.760
3,969
6,509
14,298
7,340
1,427
5,218
13.539
6.223
1,539
11.560
14,841
13.750
J812
8.733
17.445
11,773
fApprox
rn end.
isportation
y O. P. Au
ington, D. (
San Pt
Francisco.
11.500
13,671
7,800
9,780
13,209
7,511
8,990
4,012
10.454
8,900
3,324
12.734
13,998
12.800
13,307
6,086
2.097
13,503
6,289
13,324
7.040
13,699
13.539
13,089
2.705
14.897
9,439
12,810
775
6,199
3,277
8,339
Routea
itin of
3.]
Town-
send.
11,300
14,446
7,600
9,580
13,984
8,286
8,896
4,769
11,229
8,700
*4,090
13,509
14,773
13,675
14,082
5,886
2,370
14,278
5,993
14,099
7,311
14,474
14,298
13.849
2,351
15,672
10,214
12,610
~6'958
4,052
9,114
775
tlS.TSO
12,974
7,206
732
5,290
12.964
5,902
4,357
6.415
4.240
astern
New Orleans
.4,620
.4,796
Bremen to
Montreal
.3,534
Antwerp
.. 3,358
St. John, New Brunswick
3,292
.3,395
3,570
.3,723
.3,877
.3,754
.5,095
.5,271
.3,293
3,051
.3,154
3,329
Batavia
Bombay
..10,182
.. 8.120
New York (the Battery)
Brest
Buenos Aires.
Calcutta
. 2.954
.. 5.868
.. 9.830
Philadelphia
Baltimore .. ...
Newport News
Callao
Cape Town
Colombo
Colon
Gibraltar
9.603
.. 6.815
. . 8.610
. 1.981
. 3.207
Rotterdam to
St. John, New Brunswick
Hamburg
.. 3,620
.< 1,227
Boston (navv yard)
New York (the Battery)
Hongkong
. 11.610
3,636
3,513
4,854
5,030
3,834
3,592
3,695
3,870
4.023
4,177
4,054
5.395
5,571
3,873
3,605
3.708
3,883
4,036
Honolulu
Liverpool
Manila
Marseilles ...
..13.269
.. 3,070
..11,556
.. 3,876
Newport News
Galveston
Copenhagen (via English channel) to
Montreal .
Naples
New Orleans . .
New York
. 4.172
.. 1.741
St. John, New Brunswick
Nome
15 840
New York (the Batterv)
Odessa
Pernambuco ..
Port Said... .
. . 5.370
.. 3.696
. . K 1 22
Philadelphia .. .
Port Townsend. 13. 848
Punta Arenas... 6.890
Panama *2,028
Rio de Janeiro. 4,778
San Francisco.. 13. 089
St. Petersburg.. 4.632
San Juan, P. R 1.428
Singapore 10,170
Sitka 14,391
Marseilles to
St John New Brunswick
t!4.960
12,199
7,502
1,302
5.550
H2.189
5.140
4.706
5,909
4.536
mately. $E
New York (the Battery)
Philadelphia
Genoa to Montreal
St John New Brunswick
4,040
3,772
3,875
4,050
ew Or
by sh
Shanghai
Tehuantepec .
Valparaiso . . .
Vladivostok ..
Wellington ...
Yokohama ....
12.360
42,036
. 8,460
..17.036
.11.500
IJWest'e
New York (the Battery)
GENERAL TABLE.
Nautical miles from New York, N
San Francisco and Port Townsend
HIGHEST POINT IN EACH STATE.
[From table compiled by the United States geological survey.]
State and place. Elevation.
Alabama. Che-aw-ha mountain 2,4u7
Alaska, Mount McKinley 20,300
Arizona, San Francisco peak 12.611
Arkansas, Magazine and Blue mount'ns 2,800
California. Mount Whitney 14.501
Colorado, Mounts Elbert and Massive 14,402
Connecticut. Bear mountain 2,3o
Delaware, Centerville 440
District of Columbia, Tenley 420
Florida, Mount Pleasant \
Georgia, Brasstown Bald mountain 4.ib3
Idaho. Hyndman peak 12.078
Illinois, Charles mound, Jo Daviess county. 1,241
Indiana, Carlos, Randolph county 1,210
Iowa, five miles southeast of Sibley 1.6.0
Kansas, west boundary no. of Arkansas river 4,135
Kentucky, Big Black m't'n, Hurlan county. 4,100
Louisiana, summits In western parishes
Maine, Mount Katahdin (west) 5,273
Maryland, Backbone mountain o,340
Massachusetts, Mount Greylqck 3.50*1
Michigan, Porcupine mountain 2,023
Minnesota, Mosabi range, St. Louis Co 1,920
Mississippi, Holly Springs 600
Missouri, Tom Sauk mountain 1,750
Montana, Granite peak 12,850
Nebraska, Banner county 5,350
Nevada, Wheeler peak 13,058
New Hampshire, Mount Washington 6,293
New Jersey, High Point 1.TO9
New Mexico, North Tmchas peak 13,306
New York, Mount Marcy 5.344
North Carolina, Mount Mitchell 6.711
. State and place. Elevation.
North Dakota, south part of Bowman county 3,500
Ohio, Campbell's hill, Logan county 1,550
Oklahoma, West End Cimarron county 4,750
Oregon, Mount Hood 11,225
Pennsylvania. Blue Knob 3,136
Rhode Island. Durfee hill 805
South Carolina. Sassafras mountain 3,548
South Dakota, Harney peak 7,242
Tennessee, Mount Guyot 6,636
Texas, El Capitan, Guadaloupe mountain.... 9,020
Utah, King's peak 12,493
Vermont, Mount Mansfield 4,364
Virginia. Mount Rogers 5,719
Washington, Mount Rainier 14,408
West Virginia. Spruce Knob 4.860
Wisconsin, Rib hill, Marathon county 1,940
Wyoming. Mount Gannett 13,785
Guam, Mt. Jummulong Mangloc 1,274
Hawaii, Manna Kea 13.823
Philippines, Mount Apo 9,610
Porto Rico, Luquillo mountains 3.532
LONGEST RIVERS IN THE WORLD.
River. Miles.
Mississippi-Mo 4,194
Nile 3.670
Amazon 3,300
Ob 3,235
Yangtze 3.000
La Plata 2,950
Lena 2,860
Kongo 2,800
Amur 2,700
River. Miles.
Mekong 2,600
Niger 2,600
Yenesei 2,500
Volga 2.325
Hwangho 2,30n
Yukon 2.050
Colorado 2,000
Indus 2,000
116
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
[Populat
City. Year
Aachen . -iio
LA
on accon
Pop.
156.143
153,503
192,429
185,449
215,835
103,580
250,000
332,246
172,397
171,697
172,628
114,000
152,756
609,084
161.000
312,884
162,482
167.479
184,873
102,487
225.000
290.000
584,605
189,485
628,675
587,411
129.462
109,218
169,214
137,000
138,551
150,000
200,000
386.449
203,804
3,709,000
525,833
174,108
136,931
121.257
189,770
180,851
745,139
979,445
261,678
288,458
247.437
512,105
118.434
131,237
143,514
357. 04$
131,800
143.552
110,000
663.647
345.628
880,371
1,598,571
454,112
654.476
1,122,313
111,669
104,349
900.000
182.259
134.331
102,542
153.196
217,389
178.557
250.000
305,978
287.807
2,550,000
184.000
241,834
598,000
191.655
406.706
656,975
516.527 i
213,396
209,722
1.200.000 i
RGEST CITIES OF TI
[ing to latest census rep
City. Year.
Copenhagen* 1911
IE WOI
orts or
Pop.
559.398
135,000
106,349
171,000
129,406
169,551
108,551
111,986
250,000
170,337
125,509
232,837
245,523
123.410
554,717
214,226
548,308
403,030
229,483
165,004
358.728
110,912
320,318
170.195
111,463
294,653
126,904
102,550
242,147
414,576
624,000
169,513
136,700
300,139
167.477
784,496
104,582
181,500
125,759
156,500
118,799
101.553
180,843
101,703
931.035
350,000
826,000
302,375
108.969
355.870
136.159
153,672
159,000
366,145
107,821
277,991
500,623
265,578
168.498
137.098
300,133
237,220
100.651
127,267
289,879
151,903
194,246
249,698
211.627
626,313
128,209
440,766
245,994
119,060
508.068
228,687
100,097
106,382
445,550
227.222
589,850
212,000
170,634
217,807
143.500
ILD.
official estimates.]
City.
Lisbon
Year.
Pop.
435,359
746.421
108,585
7,251.258
465,367
235.114
112,124
259,798
523,796
518,660
599,807
134,130
279.629
110.634
136,265
108,004
714.333
138,299
234.409
193,902
550,619
116,227
600.160
146,113
150,000
470,659
663.059
428,062
353,460
116.700
378,446
470,480
1,817,100
158,132
112.5SO
596.467
125.057
160,450
447,951
101,415
119.949
267.000
170.535
697,917
115.978
237.289
399,000
114.694
266.603
147,095
366,484
5,468.190
142.940
103,491
350,000
111,600
121.478
259.904
333,142
190.803
631.040
147.483
135.455
194.009
123, D86
100.130
1,3S7.36&
105.135
345.891
2.888,110
136,374
136.153
692,500
150.000
2,133.000
1,683,664
146.000
571.984
121.272
112.030
158.856
100.000
100.000
156.691
272.833
Aberdeen
..1911
Cordoba, Arg. Rep.tl915
Coventry 1911
Liverpool
1911
Adelaide*
..1911
1915
Agra
..1911
Cracowf
...1914
London. Greater.
Los Angeles
Louisville
..1911
..1915
..1914
Ahmedabad
Albany .
..1911
..1915
Crefeld ...
1910
Croydon
1911
1912
1911
Lowell
Alexandria
Alger
..1907
..1911
Dallas
...1914
...1912
Lucknow
..1911
..1911
Damascusf .. ..
Allahabad
Altoua
..1911
1910
Danzig
1910
Dayton .
1915
Madrid
..1912
Delhi
...1911
Madura
..1911
Denver ....
1914
Amsterdam
..1914
Derby, England
Detroit
...1911
1915
Mainz
1910
1911
..1912
Dortmund
...1910
Malmo
1914
. .1913
Dresden
1910
Manchester, Eng..
Mandalay
Manila
..1911
..1911
..1910
1910
1907
Dublin
191f
1915
1910
..1910
Dundee
...1911
...1910
Mannheim
..1912
1911
Dusseldorf
Marseilles
1911
Bahiat
Dvinsk
...1910
Meerut
1911
1915
Edinburgh
..1911
1910
Melbourne
1911
1911
Elberf eld . . .
Memphis
..1915
Bangkok
.1910
1910
Erfurt
. 1910
.1915
Essen ..
1910
Mexico City
1910
Fall River
1915
Milan
1915
Bari
1915
Ferrara
...1915
Milwaukee
1915
1910
Florence
.. 1915
Minneapolis .
1915
Basel
1913
Frankfort
1910
Minsk
1913
1905
Fuchowt
..1912
Montevideo
. 1916
Beirutt
.1912
1911
Gelsenkirchen . .
Geneva . .
...1910
1913
Montreal
1911
Moscow . .
.1915
1911
Belfast
1911
. 1915
Mukden ..
1911
Ghent
1912
Mulheim
Munich ..
.1910
.1910
1910
Berlin
1913
1911
Birmingham, Eng
Birmingham, Ala.
Bochurn
.1911
.1915
.1910
1913
Murcia . .
Goteborg
1914
1913
Grand Rapids ....
..1915
Nagova . .
1913
.1912
Grazf
. .1914
1911
.1915
Guadalajara
..1910
Vancv
1911
Bolton
.1911
.1915
Halifax, England
3alle ......
Harnborn Germa
..1911
..1910
ay!910
1910
Nankingf
.1912
.1911
.1915
1915
Boston
Vantes
1911
Naples
1911
Nashville
Bradford
.1911
1910
Hangchowt
..1912
Neukolln
Newark N J
.1910
1915
Hankowf
. 1912
1910
Hanover
1910
1915
Bridgeport, Conn..
Brighton, England
Brisbane*
.1915
.1911
.1911
1915
1911
Havana
..1914
s'ew Haven
1915
Havre
1911
.1915
1915
Bristol. England..
Brunnf
.1911
.1914
1911
New York
Hiroshima
..1913
Nice
1911
.1910
1912
Hongkong
Huddersfield
Hull
..1911
..1911
1911
s'ikalaveo
1911
Vingpof
.1912
.1913
.1911
.1911
.1910
1915
1912
Nislmi-Novgorod ..
Norwich, England.
Nottingham
Bucharest
.1914
Hvderabad
1911
Budapest
.1910
1916
ndianapolis
..1915
1910
Buffalo
1914
aipur
Jersey Citv. . .
..1911
1915
Oakland
Cairo, Egypt
Calcutta*
Cambridge, Mass..
.1907
1911
.1915
1915
Odessa . .
1912
r ohannesburg ....
..1911
1911
Oldham
1911
1915
Kanazawa
..1913
..1915
..1911
Oporto
1911
1911
1912
1911
vansas City
Karachi
Oran
Cardiff
Orenburg
.1913
Carlsruhe
.1910
1910
Kazan
..1913
..1913
Osaka
.1913
Kharkov
Padua ...
1915
Kiel
1910
:*alermo
.1915
1911
1915
Kiev
1913
.1911
.1912
.1910
.1910
.1916
1912
Kishinev
1913
Paterson . .
1915
Changshaf
Charlottenburg ...
Chemnitz
1913
1911
.1912
.1911
.1914
.1915
1912
vonigsberg
Kure
..1910
..1913
Pekin
'ernambucof
1913
Chinklangf
Lahore
La Pazt ..
..1911
1915
Philadelphia
Christiania
.1910
1912
Pinsrvangt
La Plata
1912
Pittsburgh
1915
1910
.1911
1911
1912
1911
1910
1915
1911
Leeds
..1911
Plauen
Cincinnati
.1915
.1915
1911
'lymouth. England
oon
3 ort au Prince...
'or to Alegret
Posen
Cleveland
Leipsic
..1910
1910
Lembergt
..1914
Colombo
.1911
Liege
Lille
..1912
1911
Columbus
Constantinople! . .
.1915
.1912
Lima .
..1913
Portland, Ore
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1:*17.
117
City.
Portsmouth. Eng
Praguef
Year.
...1911
. ..1914
Pop.
231.141
541,500
117.088
250.025
101,214
179,600
293.316
107,594
115.178
154.674
558.000
128.637
250,747
590,960
234,009
204,725
472,520
122,723
124.987
105.089
148.656
745,988
241,999
231,357
160,000
113.567
143,800
119,447
448,502
397,941
450,000
235,300
172,823
144.081
330.834
278.958
155.366
651.000
454.632
303.321
fEstin
City.
Year.
. 1912
Pop.
375.000
150.198
118.378
102.812
119,012
108,647
142,990
103.216
126,344
236.113
386,270
108,682
234,534
178,891
286,218
500,000
151.159
114.863
114,663
636,353
149,353
118,328
200,000
108.094
280,000
312,430
800,000
2,033,320
187.840
376,538
104,582
149.576
109,212
122.028
246,500
100,817
139,700
277,083
451,994
103.485
name offic
City.
Utrecht
Year.
. .. .1914
Pop.
127,086
233.348
187,240
100,401
168,038
2.031.498
203,940
108,234
358,679
100.000
289,030
109,002
109.716
136,035
160.523
122,000
119,167
220,446
396,101
111.704
205,000
ARGEST
pulation.
7.251,358
5,468,190
3.709.000
2.888.110
2.550.QQQ
2,i3s;ooo~
2,033,320
2 031 498
Soerabaya
..1905
1905
1910
1911
1914
1915
Sofia
1910
1911
Puebla
Puket
...1910
1910
Southampton
South Shields.. .
..1911
. 1911
1915
Vienna
1910
Rangoon
..1911
Spokane
Springfield, Mass.
Srinagar
..1915
..1915
..1911
Vilna .
1913
Reading, Pa
Vitebsk
1913
Reims
. . 1911
1915
1915
Stettin
..1910
1912
Riga
...1913
Stockholm
Stockport
..1914
..1911
West Ham ...
Wiesbaden
....1911
1910
Rio de Janeiro .
Rochester. N. Y.
...1911 I
...1915
1915
Stoke-on-Trent ...
Strassburg
..1911
..1910
Wilmersdorf . .
1910
Winnipeg
Worcester, Mas
Wuhuf
1911
s.... 1915
1912
...1915
Stuttgart
Suchowf
..1910
..1912
Rostov-on-Don ..
Rotterdam
...1913
...1914
Sunderland
Surat
..1911
..1911
1911
Yaroslav
1913
1911
Yekaterinoslav
....1912
1913
1911
Swansea
Saarbrucken
St. Etienne
St Louis
...1910
...1911
1915
Sydney. N. S. W.
Syracuse
.'.1914
. .1910
1913
Zaragoza
1910
Zurich
1913
Szeged
Tabrizf
St Paul
1915
RANK OF FIFTEEN L
CITIES.
City. Rank.Po
London - - 1
Sal ford
1911
Tacoma
..1915
Salonikif
Salt Lake City..
Samara
...1912
...1915
...1913
1915
Teheranf
..1913
The Hague
Tientsin!
Tokvo
..1913
..1912
..1913
New York
Berlin
2
3
1914
Toledo
..1915
Paris
4
Santiago, Chile.
...1914
1911
Toronto
..1911
5
Toulon
..1911
Petrogradt . . .
Tokyo
6
7
...1913
1910
Toulouse
..1911
Trenton
..1915
..1911
Vienna
g
1915
Trichinopoly
Moscow
9
1,817,100
1.683,664
1,598,571
1,387,366
1,200,000
1.128.637
1.122.313
Seattle
1915
Triestef
..1914
Philadelphia ..
Buenos Aires.
Osaka
10
11
19!
Seoul
1912
Tsaritsyn
..1910
Seville
1910
Tula
..1913
...1912
. .1911
Tunisf
..1911
Constantinople 13
Rio de Janeiro 14
Calcutta 15
ially changed in 1914.
Sheffield
Turin
Ufa .
..1915
191ft
1911
*With
suburbs.
lated. JSt. Petersburg:
DEATHS PER 1,000 OF POPULATION IN THE
REGISTRATION AREA.
UNITED STATES MORTALITY STATISTICS.
[Bureau of the census report.]
State. 1908.1909.1910.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
Pennsylvania ...15.1 14.7 15.6 14.2 14.0 14.6 13.9 13.8
Rhode Island.... 15.9 15.6 17.1 15.5 15.2 15.0 14.7 14.8
Utah 10.810.3 9.911.010.1 9.9
Vermont 15.9 15.7 16.0 15.8 15.2 15.8 15.0 14.7
Virginia 13.9 14.0 14.2
Washington 9.3 9.8 10.0 8.9 7.9 8.5 8.1 8.1
Wisconsin 11.7 11.8 12.0 11.5 11.3 11.5 11.1 10.8
Annual average.
1906-10.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
Registration area 15.1 14.2 13.9 14.1 13.6 13.5
Registration states 15.0 13.9 13.6 13.9 13.4 ....
Cities in registration
states 16.3 15.1 14.7 15.0 14.5 ....
Rural part of registra-
tion states 13.4 12.7 12.4 12.7 12.3 ....
The registration area includes twenty-five
states, the District of Columbia and thirty-two
cities in nonregistration states, containing 66.8
per cent of the total estimated population of con-
tinental United States. The total number of
deaths reported in this area in 1915 was 823,938.
The estimated population of the area was 67,-
336,992 and the death rate was consequently 13.5
per 1,000 of population.
IN REGISTRATION STATES.
Death rates per 1,000 population.
State. 1908.1909.1910.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
California 14.1 13.4 13.5 13.7 14.2 14.5 13.6 13.7
Colorado 14.5 14.2 13.8 12.9 11.6 11.5 11.2 11.3
Connecticut 14.8 15.0 15.6 15.4 14.9 15.0 15.1 14.9
Dist. of Col 19 1 19.0 19.6 18.7 18.3 17.3 16.6 ....
Indiana 12.8 ^2.9 13.5 12.9 13.0 13.3 12.9 12.7
Kansas 9.810.1
Kentucky 13.2 12.9 13.1 12.9 12.3
Maine 15.7 15.6 17.1 16.1 15.5 15.3 15.1 15.6
Maryland 15.8 15.5 16.0 15.8 15.5 16.2 15.9 15.8
Massachusetts .15.9 15.4 16.1 15.3 15.0 15.0 14.7 14.5
Michigan 13.4 13.1 14.1 13.2 13.4 13.9 13.4 13.4
Minnesota 10.9 10.5 9.5 10.4 10.6 10.1
Missouri 13.1 12.6 12.4 12.3 12.1
Montana 10.6 10.2 10.1 12.0 11.2 11.4
New Hampshire.16.8 16.9 17.3 17.1 16.4 17.1 16.3 16.1
New Jersey 14.8 14.7 15.5 14.7 14.1 14.3 14.2 13.8
New York 15.9 15.7 16.1 15.5 15.0 15.0 14.7 14.6
North Carolina 18.7 18.3 17.3 16.8 19.0 17.3
Ohio 12.9 13.7 13.1 13.4 13.8 13.0 13.1
All reg. states.14.7 14.2 14.7 13.9 14.6 14.7 13.4 13.3
Blanks indicate that the states concerned were
not registration states in the years specified.
DEATH RATES IN AMERICAN CITIES.
Annual average per 1,000 of population.
City. 1906-10. 1911. 1912. 1913. 1914.1915.
Albany, N. Y 18.6 20.4 20.1 19.8 19.4 20.0
Atlanta, Ga.* 19.4 19.8 18.0 17.4 16.5 15.1
Baltimore, Md.* 19.5 18.4 18.2 18.5 18.1 17.1
Birmingham, Ala.* 18.2 17.4 17.4 17.5 15.6
Boston, Mass 17.9 17.1 16.4 16.4 16.1 16.1
Bridgeport. Conn 15.5 13.9 13.9 14.9 15.0 15.4
Buffalo. N. Y 16.014.514.815.815.514.9
Cambridge, Mass 15.1 15.2 13.0 13.5 13.2 13.1
Chicago, 111 14.9 14.5 14.8 15.1 14.2 14.3
Cincinnati, 18.1 16.5 16.6 16.9 16.0 15.6
Cleveland, 14.1 13.8 13.7 14.2 12.8 13.4
Columbus, 15.1 14.3 14.4 15.3 14.8 14.0
Dayton, 15.5 13.7 15.1 16.0 13.8 13.6
Denver, Col 17.5 15.5 14.2 13.7 13.2 13.3
Detroit, Mich 14.8 14.4 15.5 17.3 15.6 15.7
Fall River, Mass 19.717.416.217.217.315.9
Grand Rapids, Mich 13.313.613.013.312.912.5
Indianapolis, Ind 15.2 14.7 15.0 15.7 15.9 14.7
Jersey City, N. J 17.715.814.014.613.814.5
Kansas City, Mo 14.615.415.214.814.014.7
Los Angeles, Cal 14.814.514.715.012.912.3
Louisville, Ky.* 17.4 16.1 16.4 16.2 16.5 15.0
Lowell, Mass 19.4 17.7 17.4 15.9 15.9 16.2
Memphis, Tenn.* 20.6 21.3 21.7 20.8 20.7 19.8
Milwaukee. Wis 13.7 11.9 13.0 12.7 11.8 11.4
Minneapolis, Minn 11.0 11.5 10.4 11.6 12.0 11.5
118
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
City. 1906-10. 1911. 1912. 1913.1914. 1915.
Nashville, Tenn.* 19.3 20.5 19.3 17.8 18.4 17.2
Newark, N. J 17.2 14.8 14.3 14.4 14.5 13.1
New Haven, Conn 17.3 16.7 16.5 15.9 16.1 15.7
New Orleans. La.* 21.7 20.4 20.1 19.9 20.5 21.2
New York, N. Y 16.915.214.514.314.113.9
Oakland, Gal 15.4 12.7 12.8 12.5 11.6 11.4
Omaha, Neb 13.8 14.3 13.2 13.9 13.8 12.2
Paterson. N. J 15.7 14.6 14.0 13.5 13.5 13.2
Philadelphia, Pa 17.7 16.8 15.3 15.7 16.1 15.6
Pittsburgh, Pa 18.0 14.9 15.9 17.1 15.7 15.3
Portland, Ore 10.310.9 9.5 9.5 9.1 8.4
Providence, R. 1 17.6 15.6 15.8 15.2 15.2 14.6
Richmond, Va.* 22.5 21.0 20.7 20.4 19.7 18.9
DEATHS FROM CERTAIN
CAUSES (1914)
Number in registration area and
Propor-
Age. Number, tion.
25 to 29 years 35 707 39 8
rate per 100,000 population.
Cause. Number. Rate.
Typhoid fever 10185 15.4
30 to 34 years 36,090 40.2
35 to 39 years 40,309 44.9
40 to 44 years 40 919 45 6
Malaria 1 477 2 2
45 to 49 years 43 062 48
Smallpox 212 .3
50 to 54 years 49,103 54.7
Mgasles 4 461 6.8
55 to 59 years 49 902 55.6
Scarlet fever 4,340 6.6
60 to 64 years 55,530 61.8
Whooping cough 6,816 10.3
Diphtheria croup 11 786 17 9
65 to 69 years 59,803 66.6
70 to 74 years . . 61 869 68 9
Influenza 6 014 9 1
75 to 79 years 53,775 59.9
Epidemic diseases... 6,128 9.3
Tuberculosis, lungs. .84,366 127.8
Tuberculosis, other. 12,537 19.0
Cancer 52,420 79.4
80 to 84 years 39,669 44.2
85 to 89 years 21,047 23.4
90 to 94 years 7,294 8.1
95 to 99 years 1,711 1.9
Diabetes 10.666 16.2
100 years and more 467 .5
Nervous diseases... 87.614 132.8
Unknown 1,327 1.5
Respiratory dise's.. 104,086 157.7
Digestive diseases.. 99,673 151.1
Genito-urinary dis. 78,023 118.2
Suicide .... 10 933 16 6
Aggregate 890,848 1,000
DEATHS BY COLOR AND
Accident 51 770 78 5
Homicide 4,847 7.3
Number and proportion per 1,000.
Other causes 125804 190.6
Proper-
All causes 898 059 1 360 9
Number, tion.
White ' 824 319 917 9
Colored 73 740 82 1
DEATHS BY SEX (1914).
Number and proportion per 1,000.
Native white 605,349 674.1
Foreign white 205,104 230.8
Unknown 11 698 13
Negro 70 429 78.4
Male 491 416 547
Indian 1,369 1.5
Female .406643 4528
Chinese, Japanese. 1,942 2.2
DEATHS BY AGE (1914).
Number and proportion per 1,000.
Propor-
Age. Number, tion.
Under 1 year 155,075 172.7
DEATH RATES IN FOREIGN
COUNTRIES.
Per 1,000 inhabitants.
Country. Rate.
Australia 10.5
1 year 30 619 34 1
Austria 21.9
2 years 13 527 15 1
Belgium 15 2
Bulgaria 26 4
t years 6359 7.1
Chile 311
Under 5 vears . 214 120 238 4
Costa Rica 261
5 to 9 years 19 302 21 5
Cuba . 11 2
10 to 14 years 12 873 14 3
15 to 19 years 21.256 23.7
20 to 24 years 32.924 36.7
England and Wales (1912) ...14.2
France .. ...19.6
City. 1906-10.1911.1912.1913.1914.1915.
Rochester, N. Y 14.714.414.614.614.313.9
St. Louis, Mo 15.6 15.4 14.9 14.9 15.0 13.8
St. Paul, Minn 11.0 10.9 10.2 11.0 11.4 10.7
San Francisco, Cal 16.1 15.2 15.6 15.9 15.5 15.9
Scranton, Pa 16.3 14.8 14.6 14.8 15.8 14.7
Seattle, Wash 9.8 8.8 8.1 8.4 8.1 7.4
Spokane, Wash 12.811.6 8.4 8.9 8.6 8.1
Syracuse, N. Y 15.2 14.3 15.2 15.7 14. 13.2
Toledo, 14.9 14.9 15.8 16.2 15.5 15.4
Washington, D. C.* 19.6 18.7 18.3 17.3 16.6 18.1
Worcester, Mass 17.1 15.7 16.2 16.4 15.7 15.4
*Cities in which 10 per cent or more of the
population in 1910 were colored.
Country. Rate.
Germany 16.2
Hungary 24.9
Italy 21.4
Japan 21.9
Netherlands (1912) 14.5
New Zealand (1912) 9.5
Norway 13.2
Russia, Europe 29.8
Serbia 22.4
Spain 23.7
Sweden 13.8
Switzerland 15.1
DEATH RATES IN FOREIGN
CITIES.
City. Per 1,000 1912. 1911.
Amsterdam 11.2 12.4
Belfast 18.1 17.2
Berlin 14.4 15.6
Breslau 18.4 19.5
Brussels 13.5 13.9
Budapest 18.5 19.4
Christiauia 13.4 13.5
Copenhagen 14.1 14.8
Dresden 13.1 14.6
Dublin 20.5 21.4
Edinburgh 15.7 16.0
Glasgow 17.6 17.7
Hamburg 13.6 14.7
London 13.6 15.0
Melbourne 14.0 12.$
Milan 15.8 20.1
Montreal 20.0 21.4
Moscow 24.3 27.2
Munich 14.7 15.8
Paris 16.3 17.2
Petrograd 21.9 20.8
Prague 15.8 16.3
Rio de Janeiro 21.3 20.4
Rotterdam 11.3 12.1
Stockholm 14.2 12.7
Sydney 11.4 10.9
The Hague 10.9 12.7
Toronto 12.6
Trieste 21.1 24.0
Turin ... 12.9 14.2
Venice 20.9 22.8
Vienna 15.4 16.4
DEATH OF JAMES J. HILL.
James J. Hill, builder of the Great Northern
railroad, capitalist and one of the most widely
known men in the United States, died at his
home in St. Paul, Minn., May 29, 1916. Born
near Guelph, Ont., Sept. 16, 1838, he was not
quite 78 at the time of his death. He estab-
lished himself in St. Paul in 1856 and engaged
in the fuel and transportation business. Mr. Hill
secured control of the St. Paul & Pacific railroad,
reorganized it as the St. Paul, Minneapolis &
Manitoba line and became its general manager
and subsequently its president. The road became
part of the Great Northern system which Mr.
Hill built up until it reached Puget sound, with
branches extending into Canada and steamers
running to Japan and China. It was in large
part due to his efforts that the northern part
of the United States from Lake Superior to the
Pacific coast was quickly settled and made pro-
ductive. Mr. Hill was an able speaker and
writer and on subjects dealing with finance,
agriculture and industry in general he was re-
garded as an authority. His fortune at the time
of his death was estimated at well above $10C,-
000,000.
John Dryden, 1670-1689.
Thomas 'Shadwell, 1689-1692.
Nahum Tate, 1692-1715.
Nicholas Rowe, 1715-1718.
Laurence Eusden, 1718-1730.
POETS LAUREATE OF ENGLAND.
Colley Cibber. 1730-1757. William Wordsworth, 1843-1850.
William Whitohead, 1758-1785. Alfred Tennyson. 1850-1892.
Thomas Warton, 1785-1790. Alfred Austin, 1896-1913.
Henry James Pye. 1790-1813. Robert Bridges, 1913.
Robert Southey, 1813-1843.
ALMANAC AND TEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
119
NATIONAL WEALTH OF THE UNITED STATES.
The national wealth of the United States Is
estimated by the United States census bureau at
$187,739.000,000, or $1.965 for each man, woman
and child in the country. The total includes
the value of all kinds of real, personal and other
property, taxable and exempt, in the United
States exclusive of Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico
and the Philippines. Omitting the value of
property exempt from taxation for the reason
that it was not included in the figures for 1850,
1860 and 1870, the wealth for the several census
years is as follows: Total. Per cap.
1912 $175,426,000,000 $1.836
1904 100,273,000,000 1.234
1900 82,305,000,000 1,083
Year. Total. Per cap,
1890 '. $61,204,000,000 $971
1880 41,642,000,000 830
1870 24,055,000,000 624
I860 16,160,000,000 514
1850 7,136,000,000 308
Including exempt and all other classes of prop-
erty the estimated national wealth in each of the
census years, 1880 to 1912, was:
Year. Total. Per cap.
1912 $187,739,000,000 $1,965
1904 107,104,000,000 1,318
1900 88,517,000,000 1,165
1890 65,037,000,000 1,036
18SO 43,642.000,000 870
VALUE OF SPECIFIED CLASSES OF PROPERTY (1912).
Geographic divi-
sion and state.
Real prop-
erty and
improve-
ments.
Live
stock.
Farm im-
plements
and ma-
chinery.
Manufac.
machin'y,
tools and
implmts.
Gold and
silver coin
and
bullion.
Railroads
and their
equipment.
Street rail-
ways, ship-
ping, water-
works, etc.
New England
Maine
New Hampshire
$7,24S.043,478
$53.648.227
$766.480.256
$168.386,104
$501.391.191
$667.812,193
77.912.060
31,072.620
20,642.085
348.842,372
53,771.682
135,571,374
2,792.249,523
485,858.919
335.212,237
255.994.278
4,118,215,738
600,747,009
1,452,015,297
30.315,701,320
32,745,172
16.015.159
30.651,098
43,148,947
6,874,870
22,976,457
519,253.198
15.fi28.09fi
6,020.570
10.694.726
12,110,883
1,883,634
7,310,318
177,725,806
69.941.215
38,5(51,611
19.089.082
377,873,043
93.8fW.055
167,155,250
1,994,416.371
14.779.215
8,023,193
6,499 412
101.876,063
13.603,256
23,604,965
899.203.161
149.19(5.850
76,619.613
66.338,921
135,123,384
12,483,737
61.628,686
1,500.820.231
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
Middle Atlantic
16,910.262,952
3.856,914,601
9,548,523,767
23.748.446.047
263.577,707
45.847,959
209,827,532
1,301,591,448
89.172.586
13.865,402
74,687,818
289,229,016
813.601.441
303,596,418
877,218,512
1,415.243,372
632.554,526
54.897,349
211,751,286
488,763.883
553.314.487
165.778.631
781.727,113
3.079,251.197
1,787.201.570
302.215,110
702,832,843
2,035,016.810
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
East North Central...
Ohio
5.173708,410
2.957,867.352
10.046.319.512
3.067,378,894
2,503,171,879
18,690.288.308
273,611,491
227,006.381
386,701.265
184,782,900
229,489,411
1,838,987,471
54,181.255
43,733,375
79,473,427
54.140,466
57,700,493
403,249,087
423,068,286
178,384,997
451.299.068
199.266,379
163,224.642
363,455,087
112,275,002
57,444,477
205,185,274
63.658.411
50,200,719
285,898,127
607.038,239
480,251 .3(52
926.403.787
5S4.8H4 .648
480,673,161
3.313.505,472
584,792,833
286.5(56,614
748,713,023
268.201.502
146,742,838
843,052,977
Illinois
Michigan
West North Central..
3,391.615,408
5,111,230,343
3.264,058,859
1,261,388,140
639,<K1.792
2,316^,464
2,705,483,302
7.536.324,781
217.832,281
491,613,546
808,100,681
125,614,381
145.815,404
265,473.943.
284,537,235
485,664,137
56.775,152
102.981.406
55,328,257
49.878,002
38.100,632
48,111.560
52,074,078
107,212.399
83,647.680
58,520,370
125.037.985
5,244.543
6,043.576
5,084,497
49,876,436
545,733.504
51,531,987
49,56(5.432
93,140,304
12.453.723
12,334,760
30,453,382
36,417.539
226.711.255
564,652,082
635.6'...-). 172
613.54';.4C.'.i
277,870.640
258.641.210
884.4S2.I ri;>
578,665,874
1.976.695.855
231.846.178
133.831,854
267.556,780
17,051.547
25,801,674
79,476.484
87,488,460
680,270.319
North Dakota
South Dakota
South Atlantic ...
Delaware
Maryland
District of Columbia
Virginia
172.148,377
1,345.4^.'.'-.'-:!
902.023.891
1,176.103.685
1.399.1S9.713
700.300,022
50t5.607.276
904,983.602
429,484,293
3,381.631,974
8.794.481
45.903,766
1.794,926
85.954.360
55.993.204
85.068,318
61,304,088
106.429,447
34.421.547
439.418.056
3.417,202
12,509,481
83.608
19.756,852
7,405,732
20.315,423
15,604,670
21^,176.865
4,942,566
80.653.752
16,693,931
85,042,692
13,785,676
66,657,021
60,271,939
85,119,631
98,942,660
90,428,881
28,791,073
222,238,538
3,936,059
28,722.913
8.778,789
37.836,727
23,590,424
37,626.636
25.507.035
45.6-J3.056
15,089,626
149,234,864
20,908,048
91,591.546
19,468.338
296,128,318
232,878.472
326,771,879
220.932,828
4(55,990.385
302,026.041
1,137.275,275
20,411.455
165.625,265
64.167,592
103.841,555
67,305,992
44,410.575
55,766.258
129,508.626
29,233.001
304,130.933
West Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Florida
East South Central. . .
1,139,433,836
831.914.027
933.601.266
476,622,845
8,666,784.508
136,524,104
126,175.142
8(5.921,130
89,797,680
722.172.650
21,961.843
22.504,071
17,812.825
18,375,013
128.079,443
41.218.821
50,649.681
85,250,311
35,119.725
250,665.542
41.650.223
39,068,353
38.211,885
30.304,403
175.407.024
247.266.327
253.394.762
352,614.162
284,000,024
2.107.781,380
91.799,742
118,787,097
65.2<i8.571
28,275,523
346.620,452
93,'342J72
48.415.760
171,954:298
564.515,334
Alabama
Mississippi
West South Central..
Arkansas
890,976.538
l,028,Hv\ '.;."
3,138.7.V,.^
3;60S,063,739
2,799,845.3%
88,301,395
64.772.977
174.193.995
394,904,283
460.554,283
18,487,026
17,065.106
30.404,140
62.123,171
55.554,446
30,524.632
88,307.350
21,965.234
109,868,326
163,747,325
27.064,086
32,739070
34,258.132
81,345,736
69.651.582
333.824,378
390.186,948
383,688,745
1,000,081,309
1.499.071,030
Louisiana
Oklahoma
Texas
Mountain
Montana
Idaho
450,271.730
143,201,061
90.280.515
1,223.51 i. 598
147.056.630
183.408.911
376,008.261
186,106,640
8,289.267,259
91.707.546
58.398,555
54,434.914
88,059.546
65,003.870
43,997,536
39.301.735
29,650,581
318.336.039
11,913.204
11.912.252
4,128,753
14,400.570
4,716,452
1,992.308
4.777.304
1,713.603
72.872,372
6,199,272
18.598,415
3,043.914
91.353.941
3.664,788
12.609.832
24,491,'45
3,786,018
369,471,279
11.119,466
7,757.979
3,593.443
23,696,056
6.644.604
4.729.163
9.580.423
2,530.448
153.386,734
275.535,572
159,755,166
103.078.595
360,238,739
187,646.905
130,657,476
329,582,931
143,575,646
1.032,742,871
106,010.526
95,201.419
26,723,620
197,641.592
18,070,248
37.982,596
57,963,901
24,921,432
1,339,186,922
227,341,952
145.746,770
966,098,200
Colorado
New Mexico
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Pacific
Washington
1,888.850.453
1.163.584,445
5,236.82-2.361
68.242.8li5
74.363,095
175.731.579
18,797.487
14.545,429
89.529,456
111,048,892
38,107,957
220,314,430
35.7W.788
25.139,773
92,447,173
351,546,678
179,916.887
501,279.308
California
United States
110,676.333,071
6.238.388,985
1.368224.548
6.091.451.274
2.616.642,734
16,148.532,502
10,265.207.321
NOTE Total for street railways, shipping, water- 1 000,000, value of privately owned water supply
works, etc., includes $402.351,858, value of ships systems, not distributed by states,
belonging to the United States navy, and $290,- '
120
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
WEALTH BY GEOGRAPHIC E
Geographic divi-
sion and state. Total. Taxable.
New England $11 805 422 012 $10 922 179 117
IVISIONS AND STATES (1912).
r- Per capita 1912-^,-Per capita 1904-^
Tax- Ex- Tax- Ex-
Exempt. Total, able. empt.Total. able.empt.
$883,242,895 $1,744 $1,614 $131 $1,498 $1,389 $110
Maine 1,069,594,027 1,030,366,547
39,227,480 1,420 1,368 52 1,096 1,058 38
35,878,897 1,493 1,411 83 1,214 1,159 55
30,325,811 1,470 1,385 85 1,035 981 54
567,758,277 1,805 1,642 163 1,672 1,529 143
78,109,215 1,709 1,571 137 1,702 1,585 117
131,943,215 1,969 1,855 114 1,453 1,353 101
4,799,847,938 2,290 2,052 238 1,763 1,631 132
New Hampshire.... 649,320,469 613,441,572
Vermont 527,261,775 496,935,964
Massachusetts 6,302,988,392 5,735,230,115
Rhode Island 970 802 690 892 693 475
Connecticut 2,285,454,659 2,153,511,444
Middle Atlantic 46,211,667,778 41,411,819,840
New York f 25 Oil 105 223 21 91** 629 507
3,098,475,716 2,626 2,300 325 1,868 1,700 168
381,114,856 2,140 1,998 142 1,547 1,445 102
1,320,257,366 1,939 1,774 166 1,707 1.609 98
1,951,177,219 2 106 2 002 104 1 416 1 363 52
New Jersev 5,743,032.278 5,361,917,422
Pennsylvania 15,457,530,277 14,137,272,911
East North Central. 39 502 313 584 37,551,136 3455
Ohio 8 908 432 943 8 552 130 667
356,302,276 1,817 1,744 73 1,367 1.308 58
243,621,010 1.894 1,806 89 1,174 1,131 43
887,983,145 2,660 2,507 153 1,689 1,635 54
258.000,069 1,873 1,784 89 1,297 1,245 53
205,270,719 1,875 1,790 86 1,292 1,244 , 48
1,590,581,739 2,617 2,483 133 1,546 1,490 55
Indiana 5,194,682.500 4,951,061,490
Illinois ... 15484450,232 14,596,467,087
Michigan 5,427,022,651 5,169,022,582
Wisconsin 4 487 725 258 4 282 454 539
West North Central. 31,208,417,942 29.617,836,203
Minnesota .. 5,547,327,017 5,266,950,787
280,376,230 2,582 2,452 131 1,729 1,665 64
431,359,377 3,539 3,345 194 1,828 1,781 48
295,523,906 1,752 1,663 89 1,147 1.098 49
104,000,937 3,374 3,210 164 1,771 1,692 79
67.880,008 2,239 2,130 109 1,530 1,414 115
189,852.951 3.110 2.954 156 1,882 1,825 57
221,588,330 2,652 2,525 127 1,468 1,424 44
1,066,071,383 1,179 1,094 85 716 654 62
Iowa . 7 868 454 211 7 437 094 834
Missouri 5 842 017 009 5 546 493 103
North Dakota 2,141,626,961 2,037,626.024
South Dakota 1398573425 1330693,417
Nebraska .... 3 794 986 781 3 605 133 830
Kansas 4 615 432 538 4 393 844 208
Sooth Atlantic....... 14,843,963,211 13,777,891,828
Delaware 307948613 293,721,979
14,226,634 1,493 1,424 69 1,204 1,157 47
175,742,144 1,651 1,518 133 1,213 1,137 76
406,540,161 3,425 2,239 1,186 3,491 2.165 1,325
115,228,594 1,086 1,032 55 666 639 21
124,043,570 1,800 1,703 97 810 785 25
62,340,084 794 767 27 420 405 15
49,993,768 869 837 32 414 400 14
83,403,276 883 853 31 493 474 19
34,553,152 1,307 1,264 43 729 697 32
317,188,517 890 854 37 536 515 21
Maryland . 2 177 958 864 2 002 216 720
Dist. of Columbia. 1,173,857,112 767,316,951
Virginia 2289913,786 2,174,685,192
West Virginia .... 2,303,571,209 2,179,527,639
North Carolina.... 1,807,573,780 1,745,233,696
South Carolina.... 1,351,400,753 1,301,406,985
Georgia 2,382600866 2299,197,590
Florida 1049138228 1014585,076
East South Central. 7,660,040,736 7,342,852,219
Kentucky 2 267 777 525 2 152 097 565
115,679,960 977 927 50 675 641 34
85,993,334 864 826 39 520 499 22
77,040,163 964 929 35 494 478 15
38,475,060 726 705 21 416 407 8
747,461,944 1,662 1,581 80 796 718 78
Tennessee 1,920348,261 1,834,354,927
Alabama 2127054930 2050014767
Mississippi 1,344,860,020 1.306,384,960
West South Central. 15,434,960,541 14,687,498,597
Arkansas 1,829,521,736 1,757,533,669
71,988,067 1,120 1,076 44 580 564 17
107,865.400 1,260 1,197 63 694 6o9 35
259,941,500 2,475 2,335 140 *1,092 *706 *386
307,666,977 1,679 1,604 75 841 811 29
252,696,992 2,371 2,282 89 2,228 1,989 239
Louisiana 2,164,437,746 2,056,572,346
Oklahoma 4,581,091,918 4,321,150,418
Texas 6 859 909 141 6 55 9 242 164
Mountain 6 753 014 065 6 500 317 073
Montana . 1 149 732 986 1 113 008 146
36,724,840 2,834 2,743 91 2,633 2,244 388
17,231,315 1,680 1,632 48 1,795 1,449 346
9,010.015 2,241 2,184 57 3,297 2,559 738
100,444,806 2,785 2,668 117 2,046 1,865 181
12,105,602 1,440 1,406 34 1,587 1,170 417
14,752,821 2,255 2.189 66 2,239 1,649 590
46,801,510 1,979 1,860 119 1,609 1,342 267
15,626,083 5,038 4,865 172 5,214 3,299 1,915
705,250,875 2,969 2,816 154 2,290 2,143 147
Idaho 608 305 157 591 073 842
Wyoming 353,844,827 344,834.812
Colorado 2,386 923,583 2 286 478,777
New Mexico 513,733,026 501,627,424
Arizona 501 852 186 487 099 365
Utah 781 613 390 734 811 880
Nevada 457,008,910 441 382 827
Pacific 13 626 919 363 12 921 668 488
Washington 3,218,360,623 3,054,690,780
Oregon . 1 944 354 463 1 843 542 127
163,669.843 2,511 2,384 128 1,806 1.693 112
100,812,336 2,661 2,523 138 1,886 1,695 191
440,768,696 3,284 3.113 171 2,582 2,435 147
California 8 464 204 277 8 023 435 581
The United States.. 187,739,071,090 175,425,551,588
NOTE The totals at the head of the first two
columns include $402,351,858, value of ships be-
longing to the United States navy, and $290,000,-
000, value of privately owned water supply sys-
tems, not distributed by states.
*Includes Indian territory.
CLASSIFICATION OF WEALTH (1912).
Real property and improvements
taxed . .. $98,362,813,569
12,313,519,502 1,965 1,836 129 1,318 1,234 84
Real property and improvements
exempt 12 313 519 502
Live stock. 6^38388985
Farm implements and machinery.. 1,368,224,548
Manufacturing machinery, tools and
implements 6 091 451 274
Gold and silver coin and bullion.. 2,616,642,734
Railroads and their equipment... . 16.148.532.502
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
121
Street railways, etc:
and published in the New Dictionary of Statistics
Street railways 4,596,563,292
for 1911:
Telegraph systems 223,252,516
Country. Amount.
Telephone systems 1,081,433,227
Pullman and cars not owned by
United States (1904) *$107,104,192,410
British empire (190,1) * 108, 279, 625, 000
railroads 123,362,701
United kingdom *72,997,500,000
Shipping and canals 1,491,117,193
Canada '6,569,775,000
Irrigation enterprises , . . 360,865,270
Australasia *5,353,150,000
Privately owned waterworks 290,000,000
India *14,599,500,000
Privately owned central electric
South Africa '2,919,900,000
light and power stations 2,098,613,122
Rest of empire '5,839,800,000
All other:
France ("recently") t46,798,500,000
Agricultural products 5,240,019,651
Manufactured products 14,693,861,489
Denmark (1900.) '1,946.600,000
Germany (1908) '77,864,000,000
Imported merchandise 826,632,467
Australia (1903) t4,5. 8,903,000
Mining products 815,552,233
New Zealand (1905) '1.605,945,000
Clothing and personal adorn-
Cape of Good Hope (1907) 428,939,492
ments 4,295,008,593
Furniture, carriages and kindred
*Total wealth. fPrivate wealth. JFixed prop-
property 8,463,216,222
erty.
The census bureau also quotes the following
Total 187,739,071,090
figures from Dr. Karl Helfferich's "Germany's
Economic Progress and Economic Wealth":
COMPARATIVE WEALTH OF NATIONS.
Country. Total wealth.
In its report on the national wealth of the
German empire (1910-1911) $68,020,000,000
United States in 1912 the census bureau quotes
to 76,160,000,000
the following statement concerning the wealth
France (1308) 55,391,000,000
of the principal nations as given by Augustus D.
England (not stated) 54,740,000,000
Webb, fellow of the Royal Statistical society,
United States (not stated) 119,000,000,000
VALUE OF PUBLIC PROP!
:RTIES OF STATES (ms).
[Bureau of the
census report.]
States.* Total. Statehouses.f
Armories. Hospitals.* Homes.lt Schools. Prisons.
Alabama $9,791,182 $1,500,000
$330,000 $1,000,000 $5,505,182 $1,406,000
Arizona 2,147,200 180,000
340,000 933,200 500,000
Arkansas 7,041,571 2,850,000
1,600,000 $200,000 1,837,500 554,071
California 53,829,469 5,102,712
165,121 8,274,762 16,159,781 3.829,844
Colorado 12,716,500 2,572,000
17,500 1,515,000 5,515,000 2,830,000
Connecticut 12,826,612 5,297,103
1,514,000 2,766,770 134,120 1,150,175 1,239,444
Delaware 465,000 380,000
25,000 60,000
Florida 2,471,769 575,000
741,050 1,112,719
Georgia 4,719,900 1,000,000
150,000 3,429,900 40,000
Idaho 4,691,680 1,800,500
661,615 1,571,974 553,764
Illinois 44,215,230 6,570,000
177,700 290,748 12,982,812 5,787,377 5,828,252
Indiana 23,157,960 4,425,000
8,137,077 1,221,486 5,012,096 2,697,466
Iowa 20,545,223 3,618,000
4,976,895 1,421,307 6,781,307 2,467,621
Kansas 18,242,808 5,350,589
3,500,000 4,692,219 4,100,000
Kentucky 9,848,583 2,665,000
25,000 1,997,583 1,526,000 3,635,000
Louisiana 5,701,698 500,000
1,540,000 2,081,198 1,350,000
Maine 4,762,076 1,523,905
82,562 1,933,043 770,145 390,472
Maryland 8,867,296 1,240,000
580,000 2,698,000 '1,941,000 2,024,000
Massachusetts 51,358,057 7,906,507
3,864,638 12,689,881 4,295,907 3,950,978 ?,479,949
Michigan 20,732,097 2,500,000
123,757 5,537,601 8,930,989 5,540,030
Minnesota 22,454,023 4,993,443
198,345 6,521,585 6,195,820 3,964,830
Mississippi 12,543,528 2,972,662
600,000 1,301,338 4,732,521 2,377,000
Missouri 11,750,515 125,000
3,750,000 5,500,000 2,375,515
Montana 4,859,461 1,454,856
573,000 273,243 2,035,780 497,582
Nebraska 8,786.615 844,514
250,000 2,448,695 4,111,406 832,000
Nevada 1,755,250 534,250
14,000 235,000 85,000 626,000 185,000
New Hampshire 3,879,000 1,200,000
133,000 115,000 1,050,000 892,000 375,000
New Jersey 16,872,594 2,500,000
1,442,806 6,896,096 505,551 1,704,784 3,740,857
New Mexico 2,148,450 270,000
120,000 311,000 :00,000 70,000 224,000
New York 105,959,252 24,575,477
7,379,979 33,961,556 9,061,399 7,099.665 14,826,618
North Carolina 11,648,163 3,390,000
7,500 53,000 2,597,000 3,575,663 2,025,000
North Dakota 4,818,492 538,156
42,994 1,084,793 2,446,067 690,432
Ohio 48,606,806 2,860,000
438,500 12,208,025 2,533,972 9,752,843 5,331,466
Oklahoma ' 10,890,371 3,156,761
458,000 5,585,000 1,690,000
Oregon 7,670,633 420.000
160,000 715,397 2,160,000 3,131,554 843,682
Rhode Island 7,173,995 3,959,400
265,850 643,235 67,000 732,500 1,464,210
South Carolina 9,659.000 2,500,000
15,000 1,713,000 5,006,000 375,000
South Dakota 8,544,802 1,045,872
864,715 1,427,987 206,228
Tennessee 4,635,246 1,500,000
1,272,411 80,000 779.160 963,675
Texas 13,675,000 7,500,000
50,000 2,500,000 400,000 1.800,000 1,000.000
Utah 3,659,375
620,272 2,198,714 774,089
Vermont 2,200,934 894.243
82,300 478,810 58,820 74,821 555,655
Virginia 12,342,862 5,000,000
413,000 1,594,537 4,565,325 725,000
Wffehinirton 16.739,943 550,794
739,580 1,693,889 114,554 11.920,100 1,376,235
West Virginia 9,227,000 1,517,000
15,000 320,000 2,525,000 3,150,000 1,700.000
Wisconsin 18,968,466 4,682,300
43,293 1,876.528 1,079,458 6,916,184 2,010,717
Wyoming 897,500 325,000
190,000 75,000 250,000 57,500
Total 695,499,187 136,866,051
17,688,329 106,097,687 83,302,218 175,953,734 93,654,114
*Pennsylvanla was omitted from table as no
NOTE Included in the totals are the following:
figures were available. tStatehouses include de-
Art galleries and museums, $3,462,909: fair
partmental libraries. JGeneral, insane and con-
f rounds, parks and monuments, 312,720,076: lands,
tagious. liSoldiers', orphans' and other charitable
institutions. Educational institutions.
uildlngs and equipment of public service nter-
prises, $52,919,057; miscellaneous, $12,835,012.
122
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Occupation. Total.
Actors 28,297
Agents, general 50,785
Agents, insurance 88,463
Agents, railway station 24,138
Agents, real estate 125,862
Architects 16.613
Artists 34.104
Authors 4,368
Baggagemen i. 12,273
Bakers 89.531
Bankers 56,059
Barbers, hairdressers... 195,275
Bartenders 101,234
Blacksmiths 240.519
Boarding house keepers 165,452
Boilermakers 44.761
Bookkeepers 486,700
Brakemen 92.572
Brokers, commercial.... 24.009
Brokers, stock 13,729
Builders 174,422
Butchers 124,048
Cabinetmakers 41.892
Candymakers 30,943
Canvassers 18.595
Carpenters 817,120
Carriage drivers 35.375
Chambermaids 39,789
Chauffeurs 45,785
Chemists 16.273
Cigarmakers 151.519
Clay, stone, workers.... 88.628
Clergymen 118.018
Clerks, store 387.183
Other 720.498
Collectors 35.747
Cooks 450.440
Commercial travelers... 163.620
Compositors 127.589
Conductors, steam rys. 65,604
Conductors, street rys. 56.932
Coopers 25.299
Dairy farmers 61,816
Delivery men 229.619
Dentists 39,997
Designers 11.788
Detectives, m'rsh'ls.etc. 23,599
Domestics, general 1,038.000
Draftsmen 33,314
Dressmakers 449,342
Druggists 67,575
Dyers 14.050
Electricians 135.519
Electrotprs.. stereotprs. 4.368
Elevator tendors 25.035
Engineers, civil 52,033
Locomotive 96,229
Mining 6,930
Stationary 231,041
Engravers 13.967
Express messengers 6,781
Farmers 5,865.003
Filers, grinders 49.525
Firemen, fire dept 35,606
Locomotive 76,381
Stationary 111,248
Fishermen 68,275
Foremen, mfg 175,098
Foresters 4,332
Furnacemen 36.251
Gardeners, florists 139.255
Glassblowers 15,564
Hatmakers (felt) 26.575
Hostlers 63.388
Hotelkeepers 64.504
Housekeepers, stewards 189.273
Janitors 113.081
Jewelers 32,574
Laborers, domestic 53,480
Farm 5.975,057
Garden 133,927
General 934.909
Public service 67,234
Railroad 570,975
Store 102,333
Launderers (not in laun-
dry) 533,697
Laundry operatives 111.879
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From census report for 1910.1
Men.
16.305
Women.
11.992
Occupation. Total. Men. Women.
Lawyers, judges 114704 114146 558
48,495
2,290
Lithographers 8138 7661 477
85,926
2,537
Longshoremen 62857 62813 44
22.930
1.208
Lumbermen 161 268 161 191 77
122.935
2,927
Machinists 488*049 487*955 93
16.311
302
Mail carriers 80678 79667 1011
18,675
2.310
12.273
84,752
54.387
172,977
15.429
2.058
""4.'779
1.672
22,298
Mail clerks, railway... 15,240 15.240
Managers, mfg 104.210 102,748 1462
Manufacturers 255,591 251.892 4,609
Masons, brick, stone... 169.402 169.387 15
Merchants, retail 1.195,029 1.127.926 67.103
Wholesale 51 048 50 123 925
100.984
240.488
23.052
250
31
142.400
Millers, grain, etc 23.152 23.093 59
Milliners 127,906 5,459 122,447
Miners 964 824 963 730 1 094
44.761
Molders. founders 120 900 120 783 117
299,545
187.155
Motormen 59 005 59 005
92 572
Musicians 139 310 54 832 84 478
23.690
13.522
173.573
122.757
319
207
849
1.291
Nurses, not trained.... 125.838 15.926 110.912
Trained 82327 5,819 76.508
Office boys and girls... 97.169 92.474 4.695
Officials, city 52254 49668 2586
41.884
8
State and US 52 926 43 389 9 537
13.608
17.335
Painters glaziers . 337 355 334 814 2 541
13.980
817.082
35.339
187
45.752
4,615
38
37
39.602
33
Paperhangers 25,577 24,780 '797
Patternmakers 23.559 23.006 553
Photographers 31,775 26.811 4.964
Physicians, surgeons... 151.132 142,117 9.015
Plasterers 47682 47676 6
15.694
579
Plumbers 148,304 148304
79.947
71.572
Policemen 61980 61980 .
79.167
117.333
275,589
597.833
33,850
117.004
9.461
685
111.594
122.665
1.897
333.436
Porters (not store) 84.128 84.055 73
Pressmen, printing 20,084 19.892 102
Professors, college 15.668 12.710 2,958
Reporters, editors 34.382 30.201 4.181
Restaurant keepers 60.382 50316 10.516
Roofers 14 078 14 078
161.027
113.538
65 604
2,593
14.051
Sailors 46.510 46.498 12
Sales men and women. 921,130 663.410 257,720
56 932
Sawyers 43 276 43 257 19
22.292
7
Sewers factory 291 209 60 003 231 206
59.240
229.469
2.576
150
Shoemakers (not factory) 69,570 68.788 782
Showmen 20 096 18 988 1 10S
38.743
9.211
23 219
1.254
2.577
380
Soldiers, sailors 77,153 77.153
Stenographers 316,693 53.378 263.315
Stock herders 62 975 62 090 885
102 151
935 849
Stonecutters 35 731 35 726 5
32 923
391
1.582
65.414
447.760
2,161
Switchmen, yardmen... 85.147 85.095 52
Tailors 204, 608 163,795 40. 813
13 396
654
Teachers 599 237 121 210 478 027
135 427
92
Teamsters 408,469 408.396 73
4.268
25.010
52 028
100
25
5
Telegraph operators.... 69.953 61.734 8,219
Telephone operators 97.893 9.631 88.262
Tinsmiths 59,833 59.809 24
96.229
6 930
Undertakers 20.734 19.921 813
Upholsterers 20221 18928 1293
231 031
io
Waiters 188 293 102 495 85 798
13.429
6.778
5.607.297
46,679
35 606
538
3
257.706
2,846
BY GRAND DIVISIONS.
In 1910 there were 38,167.336 persons 10 years of
age and over engaged in gainful occupations in
continental' United States. Of these 30,091,564
76.381
111 248
67.799
155,358
4.332
36.226
131.421
15.474
22,377
63,382
50.269
15.940
91,629
30,037
13.693
4.460.634
126.453
919.031
66.505
567,522
98.169
13.693
35.899
""476
19.740
25
7,834
90
4,198
6
14,235
173.333
21.452
2.537
520.004
1,514.423
7.474
15.878
729
3.453
4.164
520.004
73.980
by grand divisions were as follows:
Agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry
Total. 12.659.203: men, 10.851.702; women. 1,807.501.
Extraction of minerals Total. 964.824; men.
963.730: women. 1.094.
Manufacturing and mechanical industries To-
tal. 10.658.881: men. 8.837.901; women. 1.820.980.
Transportation Total, 2,63-7,671: men. 2,531.075:
women. 106.596.
Trade Total, 3,614,670; men, 3,146,582; women,
468.088.
Public service Total. 459.291: men. 445,733:
women. 13,558.
Professional service Total. 1.663.569: men. 929.-
684; women, 733.885.
Domestic and personal service Total. 3,772.174:
men. 1,241.328: women, 2.530.846.
GAINFUL WORKERS BY AGE AND SEX (1910).
Age. Male. Per cent. Female. Pet.
10 to 13 years... 609.030 16.6 286.946 8.0
14 to 15 ve.irs... 744.109 41.4 350.140 19.8
16 to 20 years... 3.615,623 72.2 1,847,600 39.9
21 to 44 years... 17, 262.209 96.7 4.302.969 26.3
45 and over 7.860.593 85.9 1.288.117 15.7
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
123
OCCUPATIONAL STATUS BY LEADING INDUSTRIES (1909).
Industry. Total.
Agricultural implements 60,229
Automobiles 85,359
Boots and shoes 215,923
Brass and bronze products 45,441
Bread, bakery products 144,322
Butter, cheese, condensed milk 31,506
Canning and preserving 71,972
Carriages and wagons 82,944
Cars, shop construction, etc 301.273
Cars, steam railroad ; 47,094
Chemicals '.. . 27,791
Clothing, men's 271,437
Clothing, women's 179,021
Confectionery 54,854
Copper, tin, sheet iron.' 86,934
Cotton goods 387,771
Electrical machinery 105,600
Flour and grist mill products 66,054
Foundry, machine shop products 615,485
Furniture, refrigerators 144,140
Gas. illuminating, heating 51,007
Hosiery, knit goods 136,130
Iron and steel, blast furnaces 43,061
Steel works and rolling mills 260,762
Leather goods 43,525
Leather, tanned, curried, etc .' 67,100
Liquors, distilled 8,328
Liquors, malt 66,725
Lumber, timber .. 784,989
Marble and stone 77,275
Oil, cotton seed, cake 21,273
Paint and varnish 21,896
Paper and wood pulp 81,473
Patent medicines, etc 41,101
Petroleum, refining 16,640
Printing, publishing 388,466
Silk and silk goods 105,238
Slaughtering, packing 108,716
Smelting, refining, copper 16,832
Smelting, refining, lead 8,059
Sugar, molasses 15.658
Tobacco manufactures 197,637
Woolen, worsted, felt goods 175,176
All other industries 1,916,361
Total 7,678,578
includes salaried officers of corporations, superintendents and managers.
PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING (1909).
[Summary prepared by census bureau, 1912, showing distribution by class,
Class. Total.
Proprietors and firm members 273,265
Salaried officers of corporations 80,735
Superintendents and managers 133,173
Total proprietors and officials 487,173
Clerks 576,359
Wage earners (average number) .6.615,046
Total all classes .7,678,578
Sixteen years of age and over 6,452,800
Under 16 years of age 162,246
J (1909).
Wage
wners.*
Clerks.
earners.
2,489
7,189
50,551
2,564
7,074
75,721
5,752
11,874
198,297
2,160
2,663
40,618
29,136
14,970
100,216
10.480
2,595
18,431
6,920
5,084
59,968
8,844
4,172
69,928
6,974
12,125
282,174
1,041
2,967
43,086
1,086
2,991
23,714
12,041
19,700
239,696
9,281
15,997
153,743
3,362
6,854
44,638
7,269
6,050
73,615
4,461
4,430
378,880
4,121
14,223
87,256
18,763
7,838
39,453
31,605
52,869
531,011
7,281
8,407
128,452
2,986
10,806
37,215
3,308
3,547
129,275
1,119
3,513
38,429
4,286
16,400
240,076
4,209
4,409
34,907
2,331
2,567
62,202
1,111
787
6,430
4,362
7,784
54,579
68,165
21,805
695,019
8,453
3,219
65,603
2,167
2.035
17,071
2,016
5,640
14,240
2,298
3,197
75,978
5,647
12,559
22,895
671
2,040
13,929
49,332
80,700
258,434
2,236
3,965
99,037
3,514
15,474
89,728
275
929
15,628
132
503
7,424
789
1,343
13,526
21,012
9,815
3,192
3,262
16',<22
117,932
149,988
1.648,441
487,173
576,359
6,615,046
sex and
Male.
263,265
78,937
130,304
age.]
Female.
9,592
1,798
2,869
472,914
437,056
5,252,293
14,259
139,303
1,362,753
6,162,263
5,162,547
89,746
1,516,315
1,290,258
72,500
WEIGHTS OF DIAMONDS
The weight of diamonds and other precious
stones is expressed in metric cara-ts. The unit
is the international carat of 200 milligrams,
which has been officially adopted by the United
States and most of the countries in Europe.
Until July 1, 1913, there were three different
standards in use in the United States, although
the one generally accepted was 205.3 milligrams.
This was usually subdivided on the binary sys-
tem, the smallest subdivision being 1-64 of the
carat. The new carat is subdivided on the deci-
mal system.
Equivalents of old carats in new metric carats:
AND FINENESS OF GOLD.
New metric.
410.60
513.25
Equivalents of new metric carats in old carats :
Old carat. New metric.
1-64 0.02
1-32 0.03
1-16 0.06
% 0.13
14 0.26
% 0.51
1 1.03
2 2.05
3 3.08
4 4.11
5 5.13
Old carat. New metric.
6 6.16
7 7.19
8 8.21
9 9.24
10 10.26
25 25.66
50 51.32
75 76.99
100 102.65
200 205.30
300 307.95
Old carat.
400
Old carat. New metric.
1,000 ............... 1,026.50
New carat. Old carat.
62-64
1 61-64
i3
4 56-64
5 54-64
6 52-64
7 51-64
8 49-64
9 47-64
15 1439-64
The fineness of gold is also expressed in car-
ats. Pure gold is said to be twentv-four carats
fine. If it contains eight parts of a baser metal
or alloy it is only sixteen carats fine. The
carats therefore indicate the proportion of pure
gold to alloy. Most of the gold used by jewel-
ers is about fourteen carats fine, having ten
parts of alloy.
New carat. Old carat.
20 1931-64
25 2423-64
50 4845-64
75 73 4-64
100 9727-64
200 19454-64
300 29216-64
400 38943-64
500 487 6-64
1,000 974 12-64
124
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
IMMIGRATION INTO THE UNITED STATES.
Fiscal years ended June 30.
1907.
5,235
2,644
13,554
27,174
770
1908.
4,626
3,299
10,164
18,246
1,263
20,472
3,323
3,747
9,526
1,710
49,056
6,746
African (black)..
Armenian
Bohemian*
Bulgarian!
Chinese
Croatian}: 47,826
Cuban 5,475
Dalmatian 7,393
Dutch and Flem.. 12,467
East Indian 1,072
English 51,126
Finnish 14,860
French 9,392 12,881
German 92,936 73,038
Greek 46,283
Hebrew 149,182
Irish 38,706
Italian (north).. 51,564
Italian (south).. 242,497
Japanese 30,824
Korean 39
Lithuanian 25,884
Magyar 60,071
Mexican 91
Pacific Islander.. 3
Polish 138,033
Portuguese 9,648
Roumanian 19,200
Russian 16,807
Ruthenian 24,081
Scandinavian 53,425
Scotch 20,516
Slovak 42,041
Spanish 9,495
Spanish-Am 1,060
Syrian 5,880
Turkish 1,902
Welsh 2,754
West Indianll.... 1,381
Other peoples .... 2,058
Total 1,285,349 782,870 751,786
Includes Moravian. flncludes Serbian and
Montenegrin. Jlncludes Slovenian. Includes
Bosnian and Herzegovinian. HExcept Cuban.
IMMIGRATION BY MONTHS.
Fiscal year 1916.
February 24,740
March 27,586
18,784
12
71,446
7,469
5,311
18,721
17,724
45,859
25,625
21,415
1,153
5,444
918
,248
1,141
3,323
878,587
8,329
22,558
21,965
31,601
20,293
25,281
9,070
1,342
5,525
1,336
2,239
1,132
3,660
1913.
6,634
9,353
11,091
9,087
2,022
42,499
3,099
4,520
14,507
188
55,522
12,756
20,652
80,865
38,644
101,330
37,023
42,534
231,613
8,302
64
24,647
30,610
10,954
11
174,365
13,566
13,451
51,472
30,588
38,737
21,293
27,234
9,042
1,363
9,210
2,015
2,820
1,171
3,038
1914.
8,447
7,785
9,928
15,084
2,354
37,284
3,539
5,149
12,566
172
51,746
12,805
18,166
79,871
45,881
138,051
44,802
251,612
8,941
152
21,584
44,538
13,089
1
122,657
9,647
24,070
44,957
36,727
36,053
18,997
25,819
11,064
1,544
9,023
2,693
2,558
1,396
3.830
1915.
1,651
3,506
2,469
1,942
3,402
305
6,675
82
38,746
12,805
12,636
20,729
15,187
26,497
23,503
10,660
46,557
8,609
146
2,638
3,604
1916.
4,576
964
642
3,146
2,239
791
3,442
114
6,443
80
36,168
5,649
19,518
11,555
26,792
15,108
6
9,065
4,376
1,200
4,459
2,933
24,263
14,310
2,069
5,705
1,667
1,767
273
1,390
823
1,877
326,700
4,905
33,909
8,711
154
599
981
17,198
5
4,502
12,208
953
4,858
1,365
19.172
13,515
577
9,259
1,881
676
216
983
948
July .............. 21,504
August ........... 21,940
September ....... 24,513
October .......... 25,450
November ........ 24,545
December ........ 18,901
January .......... 17,293 Total
DEPORTATION OF ALIENS.
The following table shows the deportation of
aliens from the United States after entry by
fiscal years:
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908 ...... ..2.069
1909 ........ 2.124
238
263
199
269
1900 356
1901 363
1897.
1898.
1902.
1878.
1879.
1881.
1882.
1884.
1885.
1890.
465
April 30,560
May 31,021
June 30,764
547
779
845
676
995
1910 2.695
1911 2.788
1912 2.450
1913 3.461
1914 4,737
1915 2,670
1916 2,781
IMMIGRATION SINCE 187!
Years ended June 30.
138.469
177.826
457,257
788.992
603.322
518.592
395.346
334.203
490.109
444.42?
455.302
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903...
560.319
623.084
502.917
285.631
258.536
343.267
230.832
229.299
311.715
448.572
487.918
648.743
857.046
1904....
1905....
1906....
1907....
1908....
1909....
1910....
1911....
1912....
1913....
1914....
1915....
1916...
815.361
1.026.499
1,100.735
1,285.349
782.870
751.786
1,041.570
878.587
838.172
1.1.)7,892
1.218.480
326,700
298.826
The total recorded immigration into the United
States since the organization of the government
is 32,652,950 persons.
838,172 1,197,892 1,218,
DESTINATION OF IMMIGRANTS (1916).
Alabama 235
Alaska 550
Arizona 3,501
Arkansas 110
California 17,101
Colorado 1,119
Connecticut 6,788
Delaware 182
Dist. of Columbia 728
Florida 3,634
Georgia 225
Hawaii 3,194
Idaho 1,012
Illinois 12,104
Indiana 1,866
Iowa 2,264
Kansas 696
Kentucky 129
Louisiana 913
Maine 6,766
Maryland 790
Massachusetts ... 30,814
Michigan 26,591
Minnesota 7,619
Mississippi 103
Missouri 1,746
Montana 4,123
Nebraska 921
Nevada ...........
New Hampshire..
New Jersey .......
New Mexico .......
New York ........
North Carolina...
North Dakota .....
Ohio ..............
Oklahoma ........
Oregon ...........
Pennsylvania ____
Philippine Islands
Porto Rico ........
Rhode Island .....
South Carolina...
South Dakota .....
Tennessee ........
Texas ............
Utah .............
402
3,737
8,369
418
79,968
175
2,413
8,796
281
1,882
17,369
20
763
4,589
73
786
146
13,288
1,168
Vermont ......... 2,247
Virginia .......... 1,003
Washington ...... 9,978
West Virginia.... 2,168
Wisconsin ....... 2,592
Wyoming ......... 371
Total 298,826
INWARD PASSENGER MOVEMENT (1916).
Nonimmigrant Immigrant U.S.
Sex.
Male 182,229
Female 116,597
Total 298,826
alie
44,338
23.584
debarred. Total.
78,481 12,689 317,737
43,449 6,178
67,922 121,930 18,867 507,545
OUTWARD PASSENGER MOVEMENT (1916).
Emigrant Noncmigrant U.
Male 106,625
Female 23,140
aii. ns. citizens. Total.
74,350 69,553 250,528
36,692 41,180 101,012
Total 129,765 111,042 110,733 351,540
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
123
GOVERNMENT OF LAR
[From U. S. cer
* , Mayor N , Aldermen .,
City. Term.* Pay.f No. Term.* Pay.t
Albany NY 2 $4 000 20 2 $500
GE AMERICAN CITIES.
sus report, 1916.]
City. No. Term.* Pay.t
Trenton N. J 5 4 3,000-3500
Washington DC 33 5 000
Atlanta, Ga 2 4,000 10 2 300
*Term in years. fWhere two amounts are given
the larger is the pay of the presiding officer.
Note The commissioners in Washington, D. O.,
and Nashville, Tenn., are appointed; all the
others are elected. The term of the presiding
officer in San Diego is two years. The term
of the presiding officer in Reading, Pa., is four
years. Denver abandoned the commission form
of government in 1916.
Baltimore Md 4 6 000 94 1 000
Boston, Mass 4 10,000 9 3 1,500
Bridgeport, Conn 2 3.000 24 2 %
Buffalo, N. Y 4 5,000 9 4 1,000
Cambridge, Mass 1 3,500 11 1 t
Camden, N. J 3 4,000 26 2 500
Charleston, S. C 4 3,500 24 4 %
Chicago 111 4 18,000 70 2 3,000
Cincinnati O 2 10 000 32 2 1 150
Cleveland" 2 10^000 26 2 1,200
POLICE DEPARTMENTS OF LARGE CITIES
(1915).
[From U. S. census report.]
Patrol- Detec-
City. Total.* Officers, men. tives.
Albany, N. Y 211 33 137 8
Columbus, 2 5,000 19 2 650
Detroit, Mich 2 5,000 42 2 1,200
Fall River, Mass 2 3,000 27 2 200
Fort Wayne, Ind 4 3,000 15 4 200
Grand Rapids, Mich. 2 2,000 24 2 350
Hartford, Conn 2 3,500 24 2 %
Indianapolis, Ind 4 7,500 9 4 600
Kansas City, Mo 2 5,000 16 4 5
Los Angeles, Cal 2 4,500 9 2 4,500
Louisville, Ky 4 5,000 12 2 *
Milwaukee, Wis 2 4,000 37 || 1,000
Minneapolis, Minn... 2 6,000 26 4 1,500
Newark N J 2 10 000 32 2 500
Atlanta Ga 280 33 182 32
Baltimore, Md 1,126 190 753 29
Birmingham, Ala ... 186 16 139 22
Boston, Mass 1,709 161 1,308 46
Bridgeport, Conn. ... 177 27 123 _ 6
Buffalo NY .. 830 112 614 53
Cambridge, Mass ... 166 20 112 6
Camden, N. J 162 18 113 9
Charleston, S. C.... 127 15 91 7
Chicago, 111 4676 419 2109 612
New Bedford, Mass.. 1 5,000 6 1 100
New Haven, Conn... 2 3,500 62 t
New York, N. Y 4 15,000 73 2 2,000
Paterson, N. J 2 2,000 11 2 400
Cincinnati, 709 74 528 37
Cleveland O 803 86 504 54
Peoria 111 . 23 500 16 2 3
Columbus, 234 12 159 28
Dallas, Tex 164 8 127 16
Philadelphia, Pa 4 12,000 48 4 $
Pittsburgh, Pa 4 10,000 9 4 6,500
Dayton O 145 14 100 12
Providence, R. 1 2 5,000 10 2 750
Richmond, Va 4 5,000 12 4 %
Denver, Col 253 15 191 22
Detroit Mich 1 163 101 829 80
Rochester NY 2 5 000 13 2 500
Duluth, Minn 87 12 55 5
Fall River, Mass... 164 20 115 7
Fort Wayne, Ind 63 6 35 6
Grand Rapids, Mich. 157 8 120 8
Hartford, Conn 182 19 142 5
Houston, Tex 138 11 91 19
Indianapolis, Ind.... 386 36 276 32
Jersey City, N. J... 542 80 401 15
Kansas City, Mo... 445 57 257 37
Lincoln, Neb 28 4 20 2
St Louis Mo.. . . 4 10,000 29 4 1,800
San Antonio, Tex.... 2 5,000 12 2 10
San Francisco, Cal... 4 6,000 18 4 2,400
Schenectady, N. Y... 2 3,500 14 2 500
Scranton, Pa 4 5,000 5 4 2,000
Seattle, Wash 2 7,500 9 3 3,000
Springfield, Mass 2 4,000 82 %
Syracuse, N. Y 2 4,000 20 2 750
Toledo O 24 000 19 2 550
Troy NY 2 4000 18 2 500
Los Angeles, Cal... 549 64 341 43
Louisville, Ky 435 44 296 23
Lowell, Mass 154 12 113 6
Memphis, Tenn 180 14 140 13
Wilmington, Del 2 2,000 13 2 240
Worcester, Mass 1 4,000 11 1 t
Youngstown, 2 4,500 13 2 250
*Years. fPer year unless otherwise specified.
JNone. Per meeting. HTwelve elected for four
years ; twenty-five for two years.
LARGE CITIES GOVERNED BY COMMIS-
SIONS (1915).
[From U. S. census report.]
City. No. Term.* Pay.f
Birmingham, Ala 3 3 $7,000
Milwaukee, Wis 581 41 528 36
Minneapolis, Minn... 331 49 204 30
Nashville, Tenn 150 14 101 19
Newark N. J 740 105 503 43
New Bedford, Mass.. 160 22 121 3
New Haven, Conn... 215 29 146 13
New Orleans, La.... 402 48 215 28
New York, N. Y.... 10,912 1,233 8,004 649
Oakland, Cal 219 32 138 18
Omaha Neb . . . 154 13 91 16
Paterson N J 165 ''O 99 13
Dallas, Tex 5 2 $3,000-4,000
Dayton O 541 200- 1 800
Philadelphia, Pa.... 3,844 369 2,834 30
Pittsburgh, Pa 901 97 594 57
Portland, Ore 301 22 194 32
Providence, R. I .... 421 43 320 18
Denver Col 5 4 5000
Des Moines, la 5 2 3,000-3,500
Duluth Minn . ... 5 4 4,000
Galveston, Tex 5 2 1,200-2,000
Houston, Tex 5 2 2,400-4,000
Jersey City, N. J 5 4 5,000-5,500
Lincoln, Neb 5 2 2,000-2,500
Rochester, N. Y 409 36 265 33
Memphis, Tenn 5 4 3,000-6,000
Mobile Ala 33 5 000
St. Paul, Minn 306 27 198
Salt Lake City, Utah 98 10 63 5
San Antonio, Tex.... 172 8 130 14
San Francisco, Cal.. 972 143 614 26
Schenectady, N. Y... 101 15 70 5
Scranton Pa 130 130 91 7
Nashville, Tenn 5 2 5,000-6,000
New Orleans La 546 000-10 000
Oakland, Cal 5 4 3,600-4,200
Omaha, Neb 7 3 4,500-5,000
Portland, Ore 5 4 5000-6,000
Seattle Wash 414 43 235 36
Reading Pa 523 000
Spokane, Wash 107 13 63 10
Springfield 111 55 4 42
Sacramento Cal 5 5 3 600
St Paul Minn 7 24 500- 5 000
Springfield, Mass.... 209 36 159 11
Syracuse, N. Y 211 15 148 13
Tacoma, Wash 94 10 56 2
Toledo O 9 22 21 91 28
Salt Lake City, IKah 5 4 3,600-4,200
San Diego, Cal 6 4 2,000-2,400
Spokane, Wash 5 4 5,000
Springfield 111 543 500- 4 000
Trenton, N. J 141 15 110 5
Troy. N. Y... 149 30 104 5
Tacoma, Wash... .5 4 3,600-4,000
126
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
Police- Detec-
City. Total.* Officers, men. tives.
Washington, D. C.... 796 73 520 36
Wilmington, Del 118 19 84
Worcester, Mass.... 256 18 195 9
Youngstown, 117 12
License City
City. Saloons.* paid.f license.*
Denver Col . 495 625 600
Detroit Mich 1 377 500 250
Duluth.' Minn 170 1,000 9SO
Fall River, Mass 78 1,500 1,125
Fort Wayne, Ind 192 500 300
Grand Rapids, Mich 161 500 250
Hartford, Conn 175 450 405
Houston Tex 135 750
*A11 employes.
POLICEWOMEN IN AMERICAN CITIES (1915).
[From U. S. census report.]
City. Number. Pay.
Chicago 111 . 21 $900
Indianapolis, Ind... , 645 700 500
Jersey City N J .. . . 917 500 500 -
Baltimore Md 5 1,000
Pittsburgh Pa . 4 900
San Francisco, Cal. 3 1,200
Los Angeles, Cal 1 1,080
Lowell Mass 63 1 300 975
Los Angeles, Cal 4 900
Alilwaukee Wis 2 018 200 200
Minneapolis, Minn 2 900
Seattle, Wash 1 1,200
Newark N J 1 386 500 500
Seattle Wash 4 1,080
New Bedford, Mass 73 1,100 825
Portland Ore 1 1,860
Portland Ore 1 1,320
[ 500 200
Portland, Ore 1 960
Denver Col.. .. I 1,080
LI, 600 1,600
\ 150 150
New York NY 10 357 \ to to
Rochester, N. Y * ' 1,080
St. Paul, Minn 3 *900
Syracuse NY I 780
1 1,200 1,200
Omaha, Neb 1 900
Dayton, 2 900
San Antonio, Tex , I 780
Tacoma Wash . 1 900
Youngstown, 1 960
South Bend, Ind 1 900
Wichita Kas ... 1 900
Providence, R. 1 350 800 600
San Diego, Cal 1 1,020
Topeka, Kas 2' 900
Racine Wis I 840
Rochester* N. Y 537 *750 375
St. Louis, Mo 2,300 800 500
Jamestown, N. Y 1 780
Aurora, 111 1 900
Colorado Springs, Col 1 960
Salt Lake City, Utah.... 136 1,500 1,500
Bellingham Wash 1 900
*Not paid from police appropriation.
LIQUOR TRAFFIC IN AMERICAN CITIES
(1915).
[From U. S. census report.]
License City
City. Saloons.* paid.f license.*
Albany, N. Y 329 $750 $375
San Francisco, Cal 2073 500 500
Schenectady, N. Y. 256 750 375
Scranton Pa 278 1 100 900
Seattle, Wash 329 1*000 900
Spokane Wash 183 1*000 900
Springfield, 111 220 '500 500
Springfield Mass 43 1 500 1 125
Syracuse N Y 377 '750
Baltimore, Md 1,203 1,000 750
Birmingham, Ala 58 3,000 1,950
Boston, Mass 573 1,200 900
Toledo O 390 1*000
Bridgeport, Conn 175 450 405
Buffalo, N. Y 1,653 750 375
Chicago, 111 7 152 1 000 1 000
Cincinnati, 1,880 1,000 700
Cleveland, 1,258 1000 700
*Retail liquor. tTot'ai of city, state and coun-
ty. Jin a few cases the rate is that of the
state or county.
AND POPULATION (1915.)
State. Acres. Pop.
Oregon i 208 804 6 481
Columbus O 382 1 000 500
Dayton O . 244 1 000 500
INDIAN RESERVATIONS
State. Acres. Pop.
Arizona 16343,588 42,336
California 430,136 15,034
South Dakota '630*895 2l'o8 <)
Colorado 396,143 890
Texas '702
Florida 23,542 578
Utah 1 506 960 1 794
Idaho 54 841 4 200
Iowa 3,251 364
Kansas 1,375
Wvomin op 608*637 1*705
Michigan 803 7.514
Miscellaneous '. ... 7*612
Minnesota 546,932 11,723
Montana 4,312,452 11,329
Total, 1915 33,324,261 *324,878
Nebraska 6,159 3,917
Nevada 686,219 7,819
New Mexico 3 870 517 2? 007
Total, 1900 77,865,373 270,544
Total, 1890 104,314.349 243,524
New York 87,677 5,825
North Carolina 63 211 2 211
Total, 1880 154,741,554 256,127
*Does not include states in which the Indian
office has no representative and which in 1910
had an Indian population of 8,132.
AMOUS STRUCTURES.
Structure. Feet. I Structure. Feet.
J Milan cathedral 360 St. Peter's, Rome.... 433
North Dakota 100.000 8.710
Oklahoma 6 206 118 358
HEIGHT OF SOME F
Structure. Feet. Structure. Feet
Amiens cathedral 383 Cologne cathedral 51
Bunker Hill mon't....221
Capitol , Washington . . 288
City hall, Phila 535
Eiffel tower 984 Pyramid, Great 451 Strassburg cathedral.. 465
Florence cathedral.... 387 Rouen cathedral 464 St. Stephen's, Vienna.470
Fribourg cathedral.... 386! St. Paul's, London... 404lWashington mon'm't.B5
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
127
The government of the United States of
America and the government of Nicaragua,
being animated by the desire to strengthen their
ancient and cordial friendship by the most sin-
cere co-operation for all purposes of mutual
advantage and interest and to provide for the
possible future construction of an interoceanic
ship canal by way of the San Juan river and
the Great Lake of Nicaragua, or by any route
over Nicaraguan territory whenever the con-
struction of such canal shall be deemed by the
government of the United States conducive to
the interests of both countries, and the govern-
ment of Nicaragua wishing to facilitate in
every way possible the successful maintenance
and operation of the Panama canal, the two
governments have resolved to conclude a con-
vention to these ends and have accordingly ap-
pointed as their plenipotentiaries:
The president of the United States, the Hon.
William Jennings Bryan, secretary of state, and
The president of Nicaragua, Senor Gen. Don
Emiliano Chamorro, envoy extraordinary and
minister plenipotentiary of Nicaragua to the
United States.
Whereas, Having exhibited to each other their
respective full powers, found to be in good and
due form, have agreed upon' and concluded the
following articles:
Article I. The government of Nicaragua grants
in perpetuity to the government of the United
States, forever free from all taxation or other
public charge, the uucumbered exclusive rights
necessary and convenient to the construction,
operation and maintenance of an interoceanic
canal by way of the San Juan river and the
Great Lake of Nicaragua or by way of any
other route over Nicaraguan territory, the de-
tails of the terms upon which such canal shall
be constructed, operated and maintained to be
fixed by mutual consultation between the two
governments whenever the construction of such
canal shall be decided upon.
Art. II. To enable the government of the
United States to protect the Panama canal and
the proprietary rights granted to the govern-
ment of the United States by the foregoing arti-
cle, and also to enable the government of the
United States to take any measure necessary to
the ends contemplated herein, the government
of Nicaragua hereby leases for a term of ninety-
nine years to the government of the United
States the islands in the Caribbean sea known
as Great Corn island and Little Corn island ;
and the government of Nicaragua further grants
to the government of the United States for a
like period of ninety-nine years the right to
establish, operate and maintain a naval base
at such place on the territory of Nicaragua bor-
dering on the Gulf of Fonseca as the govern-
ment of the United States may select. The
government of the United States may have the
option of renewing for a further term of ninety-
NICARAGUA CANAL TREATY.
Ratified by United States senate Feb. 18, 1916.
nine years the above leases and grants upon
the expiration of their respective terms, it being
expressly agreed that the territory hereby leased
and the naval base which may be maintained
under the grant aforesaid shall be subject ex-
clusively to the laws and sovereign authority of
the United States during the terms of such
lease and grant and of any renewal or renewals
thereof.
Art. III. In consideration of the foregoing
stipulations and for the purposes contemplated
by this convention and for the purposes of re-
ducing the present indebtedness of Nicaragua,
the government of the United States shall, on
the date of the exchange of ratification of this
convention, pay for the benefit of the republic
of Nicaragua the sum of $3,000,000 United States
gold coin, of the present weight and fineness,
to be deposited to the order of the government
of Nicaragua in such bank or banks or with
such banking corporation as the government
of the United States may determine, to be ap-
plied by Nicaragua upon its indebtedness or
other public purposes for the advancement of
the welfare of Nicaragua in a manner to be
determined by the two high contracting parties,
all such disbursements to be made by orders
drawn by the minister of finance of the republic
of Nicaragua and approved by the secretary of
state of the United States or by such person
as he may designate.
Art. IV. This convention shall be ratified by
the high contracting parties in accordance with
their respective laws and the ratifications
thereof shall be exchanged at Washington as
soon as possible.
In witness whereof the respective plenipoten-
tiaries have signed the present treaty and have
affixed thereunto their seals.
Done at Washington, in duplicate, in the
English and the Spanish languages, on the 5th
day of August, in the year 1914.
WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN (seal).
EMILIANO CHAMORRO (seal).
AMERICAN SENATE AMENDMENT.
That, whereas Costa Rica, Salvador and Hon-
duras have protested against the ratification
of said convention in the fear or belief that
said convention might in some respect impair
existing rights of said states; therefore, it is
declared by the senate that in advising and
consenting to the ratification of the said con-
vention, as amended, such advice and consent
are given with the understanding, to be ex-
pressed as a part of the instrument of ratifica-
tion, that nothing in said convention is intended
to affect any existing right of any of the said
named states.
RATIFIED BY NICARAGUA.
The state department in Washington was noti-
fied April 8 that the treaty had been unanimous-*
ly ratified by the Nicaraguan senate.
FASTEST VOYAGES ACEOSS THE ATLANTIC,
Queenstown to New York, Raunt's Rock to
Ambrose channel lightship (short course), 4 days
10 hours 48 minutes, by the Mauretania, Sept. 11-
15, 1910; long course (2,891 miles), 4 days 17 hours
6 minutes, Mauretania, Feb. 13-18, 1909.
New York to Queenstown, 4 days 13 hours 41
minutes, by the Mauretania. Sept. 15-20, 1909.
Hamburg to New York, 5 days 11 hours 54
minutes, by the Deutschland. Sept. 2-8. 1903.
Cherbourg to New York, 5 days 11 hours 9
minutes, by the Kronprinzessin Cecilie, Aug. 19-
25 1908
New York to Cherbourg, 5 days 16 hours, by
the T vaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, Jan. 4-10. 1900.
hampton to New York. 5 days 20 hours, by
'iser Wilhelm der Grosse. March 30- April
^vre to New York. 6 days 1 hour 12 minutes,
.,v- La Provence. Sept. 6-13. 1907.
New York to Southampton. 5 days 17 hours 8
minutes, by the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse,
Nov. 23-29, 1897.
New York to Havre. 6 days 2 hours 48 min-
utes, by La Provence. May 31-Juue 6. 1906.
New York to Plymouth (short course), 2,962
miles. 5 days 7 hours 28 minutes, by the Deutsch-
land, Sept. 5-10, 1900: (long course). 3,080 miles.
5 days 9 hours 55 minutes. Kaiser Wilhelm II..
Aug. 18-24. 1908.
Plymouth to New York, 5 days 15 hours 46
minutes, by the Deutschland, July 7-12, 1900.
Moville. Ireland, to Cape Race. N. F., 4 days
10 hours, by the Virginian (turbine). June 9-13.
The best day's run by any steamer was 676
knots, made by the Mauretania, January, 1911.
Distances: New York to Southampton, 3,100
miles: to Plymouth, 2,962 miles: to Queenstown,
2,800 miles; to Cherbourg. 3,047 miles: to Havre.
3,170 miles; to Hamburg. 3,820 miles.
128
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOJl 1017.
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS.
WHEAT CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1909-1915).
COUNTRT.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
United States
Bushels.
683,350,000
395,000
16,26->.000
52;706.000
85,197,000
9.579.000
2.05,000
Bushels.
635,121,000
371.000
17.805.000
41,159.000
81.139.000
6,593,000
2,923,000
Bushels.
621,338,000
283,000
19,787.000
62,689,000
109,075.000
36/>02,OUO
2,488,000
Bushels.
730,267.000
236,000
17,421.000
63,017.000
106.960,000
34,803.000
2,222.000
Bushels.
763,380,000
269.000
19,851.000;
63,8S1.000j
121,559,000!
34.372,000!
2,335,000
Bushels.
891,017,000
234.000
17,658.000
38,605.000
73.494.000
28.859,000
2.430,01 K)
Bushels.
,011,505,000
301,000
28,797,000
84,282.000
171,146.000
48.772.000
2.960,000
Canada:
New Brunswick
Ontario
Alberta ..
Other
Total Canada
166,744,000
10.000.000
149,990,000
11,976,000
230,924,000
12,000,000
224,159,000
12.000.000
231,717,000 161,280,000
4,000,000 4.389,000
336,258,000
4.000,000
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
8(30,094,000
156.162 000
17.743,000
8,595,000
797,087,000
131.010,000
19,743,0)0
7,750,000
864,262,000
145,981,000
18.184,000
6.009,000
966,426.000
166,190,000
22,468.000
8,757,000
999,097,0001,056,686.000
187,391,000 113,904,000
23.575.000 lti.403,000
5.461.000 5,887,000
,351,763,000
178,221,000
19.002.000
3.417.000
Chile
Uruguay
Total South America
Austria-Hungary :
Austria
182,500,000
58,468,000
113,352,000
11,61.2,000
2.594.000
158,503,000
57,589,000
169,700,000
11,434,000
2,671,000
170,174,000
58,865,000
174.889.000
15,188.000
2,941,000
197,415,000
69,712,000
173.328.0UO
11,314,000
2,993.000
216,427,000
60,109.000
151.348.000
16,899.000
3,837,000
136.194,000
55,000,000
105,237.000
7,716:000
2,500,000
200,640,000
60.000.000
152.934.000
15.000.000
3,000.000
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Total Austria-Hungary..
Belgium
186,076,000
14.603,000
32.071,000
3
356,193,000
138.000.000
7,000,000
189,959,000
200,000
4,158,000
313,000
8,000,000
56,751,000
586,819,000
21,194,000
103.465.000
241,394,000
12,449,000
42,217,000
4,547.000
125.000
257,667,000
141,884,000
7,000.000
153.168.000
200.000
4,371,000
294.UOO
9,000.(XK
110,761,000
552.067,000
22,757.000
124,589.000
251,883.000
15.745,000
48,295,000
4,466,000
125.000
315,126.000
149.411.000
8,000.000
192,395.000
200,000
5,511,000
271,000
11,850,00(
93,724,000
346,372,000
24.129.000
76,537,000
257,047,000
15,348,000
45,000.000
3,604.000
130,000
336.284.000
160,224.000
7,000,000
165,720.000
200,000
5,604,000
332.000
7,500.000
88,924,000
472,390.000
24,626000
126,746.000
232.193.000
14,769.000
40,000,000
6,692,000
130,000
821.000,000
171,075,000
7,000.000
214,405.000
200,000
5.164,000
325.000
9,186,000
83,236,000
170,453,000
13,973,000
29,654,000
5,785,000
130.000
282.689,000
145.944.010
7,000,000
169,442.000
200.000
5,779.000
269,000
10,000.000
49,270,000
230.934,000
8,000.000
46,212,000
7,975.000
130.000
258.102.000
160,000.000
6.000,000
170,541,000
200.000
6,143,000
9BJUHJKU
Bulgaria
Finland
Italy
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Ron mania
Russia:
Poland
Northern Caucasia
Total Russia (European)
Serbia . . . .'
711,478,000
13,392,000
144,105.000
6,978,000
3,568,000
20,000,000
60.121,000
2,111.001
1,147,000
1 ,809,000
699,413,000
12,000,000
137,448,000
7,450.000
2,756,000
19,462,000
53,464,000
2,020.000
1,122.000
1,716,000
447,038,000
15,312,000
148,495.000
7,945,(XX
3,524,000
20,000,000
60,729,000
1,118,000
2,786.000
1,655,000
623,762,000
16.351.0CO
109,783.000
7.832.000
3.178,000
18,000,OOC
54,004,000
1,123.00(1
2.471,000
1,564,000
838,776,000
10.524,000
112,401 .000
9.330,<H>0
3,546,000
18,000,000
63,736.000
1.075.000
2,335,000
1.295.000
746,873,000
9,000.000
116,089,000
8,472,000
3,277.000
18,000,000
59.217.000
1,082.000
2,642,000
1,415,000
833,965,000
10.000.000
139.2iW.000
9,000.000
3.880.000
18,000,000
68,652.000
1,415.000
3,053,000
3.238.000
2,080,819,000
383.376.000
2,000.000
23,669,000
200.000
Spain
Sweden
United kingdom
England .
Scotland
Wales
Ireland
Total united kingdom
65,188,000
1,962,566,000
284,361,000
1,912,000
22,966.000
200,000
58,322,000
1,927,106,000
358,049,000
2,238,000
24,487,000
200,000
66,289,000
1,805,605,000
375,629.000
2,394,000
25,645.000
138.000
59,162,000
1,931,285,000
370,515,000
2,071,000
26.514,000
140.00C
58,441,000
2,156,393,000
362.693,000
2,100,000
26,757,000
160,000
64,356,000
1,856,655,000
312.032,000
2,500,000
22,975,000
195.000
British India
Cyprus.
Formosa
Total Japanese empire... .
Persia
23,166,000
16,000,000
26,429,000
45,269,000
94,000
24,687,000
16,000,000
24,009,000
52,140,000
133,000
25,783,000
16,000,000
19,830,000
41,783,000
102,000
26,654,000
16,000,000
36,977.000
59,198,000
105,000
26,917,000
16,000,000
23,170,000
14,000,000
23,869.000
16,000,000
Russia:
Central Asia
Siberia
Tran scaucasia
Total Russia (Asiatic)
Turkey (Asia Minor)
71,792,000
35,000.000
76,282,000
35.000,000
61,715,000
35,000.000
96,280,000
35,000.000
*121,042,000
35.000,000
179,960,000
35,000,000
35,000.000
460,245,000
34,654,000
39,148,000
11.023,000
6,034.000
90.859.000
Total Asia
Algeria
432,231,000
34.769,000
30.000.000
6,430.000
2,500,000
513,792,000
35,722.000
32,623,000
5,512,000
2.500,000
516,521,001
35.874,000
38.046,000
8,635,000
6.034,000
546,521,000
27.172,000
30.903.00C
4,225,OOC
6,034,001
563,752,000
36,848,000
38,426.000
5,511,000
6,034,000
386,702,000
30,000,000
32,831.000
2,205.000
6,034,OOC
Egypt
Tunis...
Onion of South Africa
Total Africa
73.699,000
76.357.000
88.589,000
68.334,001
86,819.0001 71,070,001
'Includes 10 governments of Asiatic Russia.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
WHEAT CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1909-1915) -CONTINUED.
COUNTRY.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
Australia:
Queensland
Bushels.
1.241,000
15,971,000
24,081.000
20.009,000
2,538.000
723.000
Bushels.
1,621,000
29,431,000
29.087.000
25,926.000
5.779.000
819,000
Bushels.
1,055,000
28.793,000
35.910,000
25.112.000
6.0S3.000
. 1,156.000
Bushels.
294.000
25.879.000
21.550.000
20,994,000
4.49*>,000
681,000
Bushels.
2,038.000
35,511,000
27,050,000
22,174.000
9,457,000
(550.000
Bushels.
1,825,000
39,219,000
33,974.000
17.470.000
13.751,000
3t; 1,000
Bushels.
1,635,000
13,187,000
4,065,000
3,639.000
2,704,000
39(5,000
25.ti26.000
6,864.000
New South Wales
Victoria...
South Australia
Western Australia
Tasmania
Total commonwealth
New Zealand
64,563,000
9.049.000
93.263,000
9.008.000
98,109.000
8,335,000
73.894.000
8.000.000
94.880.000
5.343.000
106,600,000
5.559,000
Total Australasia
Grand total
73,012,0001 102,271,000) 106,644.000
1581,519,00013,575,055,00013.551.795,000
81,894,000
3.791,875.000
100.223,000
1,128.711.000
112,159,000
3,619,466,000
32,480,000
4,216.806,000
CORN CROP OF COUNTRIES NAMED (1909-1915).
COUNTRY.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
United States
Bushels.
,552.190.000
19,258,000
170.000.000
Bushels.
,886,260.000
18,913.000
190,766,000
Bushels.
,531,488.000
19.185,000
190.000,000
Bushels.
,124,746.000
16,950.000
190,000.000
Bushels.
2,446,998,000
16,773,000
190,000,000
2,653,761,000
196,642,000
1,647,000
5,343,000
Bushels.
,672,804,000
13,924.000
78.443.0110
Bushels.
3,054,535,000
14,594,000
60,000.000
Canada..
Mexico
Total North America
Argentina
,741,448.000
177,155.000
1,178,000
6,671,000
,095,739,000
175,187,000
1,878,000
6,509,000
,740,673,000
27,675,000
1.221,000
3,643.000
3,331,696,000
295,849,000
1,527.000
8,000,000
,765,171,000
263,135,000
1,505.000
7,142,000
3.129,129,000
338,235,000
1,822,000
11,495,000
Chile
Uruguay
Total South America
Austri a- Hungary :
Austria
185,004,000
16,102,000
161,858,000
21,752,000
10,972,000
183,565,000
17,388,000
187.733,000
25,589.000
10,051,000
32,539,000
11,856,000
137,423.000
24.006,000
8,416,000
305,376,000
15,053,000
176,694.000
24,166,000
8,555.000
203,632,000
13,286.000
182,069,000
28,955.000
7.559,000
271,782,000
12,000,000
172,308,000
25,000,000
7,000.000
351,552,000
12.000,000
^ 180,550,000
Croatia-Slavonia
Bosnia-Herzegovina
*
Total Austria-Hungary. . . .
Bulgaria
210,684,000
20.472.000
26,075.000
99.239.000
15,000,000
70,138.000
29.223.000
10,375,000
240,761,000
28,360,000
23.399,000
101,722,000
15,000,000
103,665,000
63,089.000
14,093,000
181,701,000
30,589,000
Iti.S'iO.OOO
93,680.000
15.000.000
110,712,000
67.842,000
14.087,000
224,468,000
30,000,000
23,733,000
98.668,000
15,000.000
103,921,000
62.904,000
16,704,000
231,869,000
32,000,000
21,455,000
108.388.000
15.000.000
114.662.000
59,798.000
12,995,000
216,308,000
30.901.000
22.SiO.000
105,006.000
15,000,000
105,552,000
*
35,000,000
14.000,000
118,103.000
15.000.000
110,230,000
France
Italy
Portugal
Roumania
Russia Russia proper
Northern Caucasia
Total Russia
Servia.
39,598,000
34,453,000
26.433.000
77,182,000
33,204.000
27.366,000
81,929,000
26,531,000
28,730,000
79,608,000
22,833,000
25,069,000
72,793,000
23,621.000
25,140.000
80,608,000
20.000,000
30,325,000
74,806,000
"25,327,666
Spain..
Total Europe
India
541,699,000
650,094,000
585,732,000
623,300,000
644,928,000
87.240,000
3,559,000
9,235,000
626,230,000
64,800.000
3,753.000
13.336,000
y 3,749,666
japan
Philippines
5.293.000
7,810.000
Total Asia
100,034.000
394,000
57,044.000
t30.830,OOC
81,889,000
350,000
78,253,000
t30.830,000
Algeria
807.00C
65,000.000
20,000.00(]
556,000
70,294,000
20.000.000
554,000
67,903,000
so.amco
374.000
60,857,000
t30.830.00;)
Egypt ..
t30,830,665
Union of South Africa
Total Africa
85,807,000
8,908,000
736,000
90,850,000
11,113,000
750,000
99,287,000
13,455,000
478,000
92.061,000
9,221.000
278,000
9,199.000
1.369.742.000
88,268,000
8,619.000
222.00U
109,433,000
9,462,000
312,000
Australian commonwealth....
New Zealand
Total Australasia
Grand total
9,644,000
3.557,150.000
11,863.000
4,026.967.000
13,933,00(
3,481.700.000
8.841 ,OOC
3,613.213,00(
9,774,000
3,864,279.(XX
*No official estimates. tCensus of 1911.
OATS (1915).
Country. Bushels.
U't'd States 1,540,362,000
Canada ... 481,035,000
Mexico .... 17,000
OTHER CROPS ]
Country. Bushels.
Roumania .. 29,054,000
Russia 1,006,983,000
Serbia 4,000,000
Spain 36,949,000
3Y COUNTRIES.
Country. Bushels.
Aus. -Him 136,186,000
Belgium .... 4,000,000
Bulgaria 17,670,000
Denmark ... 25,898,000
Country. Bushels.
Cyprus 2,000,000
Japan 93,4-17,000
Africa 52,707,000
Australasia.. 1,816,000
Argentina 63,392,000
Finland ...- 5000,000
Chile .. .. 7*105000
Sweden 70,000,000
T^ni- IHnfrrlrtm 1 Q^ IRQ Aflfi
France . 36*248', 000
Total 1,542,972,000
Uruguay . 1,040,000
Aus.-Hun . 234,925,000
unc. Kingdom iyo,iby,uuu
Cyprus 400,000
Africa 28,188,000
Germany ... 15oioOO,'oOO
Italy 11,050,000
RYE (1915).
Belgium .. 40,000,000
Bulgaria .. 9,545,000
Australasia . . 16,' 797*, 000
Netherlands. 3,233,000
Norway .... 2,591,000
U't'd States. 49,190,000
Canada 2,478,000
Denmark . 42,874,000
Finland ... 22,000,000
France ... 243,531,000
Germany . 650,000,000
Italy 31,443,000
Netherlands. 19,644,000
Norway 9,325,000
Total 4,783,778,000
BARLEY (1915).
U't'd States. 237,009,000
Canada 50,868.000
Mexico 10,000,000
S. America.. 11,787,000
Roumania .. 28,688,000
Russia 475,109,000
Serbia 2,250,000
Spain 82,763,000
Sweden 14,000,000
Utd. kingdom 48,682,000
India 40,000,000
Mexico .... ' 70,000
S. America.. 1,962,000
Aus.-Hun.... 154,075,000
Belgium .... 18,000,000
Bulgaria ... 7,622,000
Denmark ... 12,939,000
Finland 10,000,000
130
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Country . Bushels.
Country. Pounds.
Java t!34,143,000
HOPS (1914).
Country. Pounds.
U't'd States 43,415,352
Canada .... 1,208,000
Aus.-Hun... 23,314,733
Belgium ... 7,560,000
France .... 7,034,000
Germany .. 55,227,408
Russia 14,083,992
England .... 56,812,896
Australasia.. 2,109,932
BEANS (1914).*
Bushels.
U. States (1911) 11,145,000
Canada 797,000
Chile 1,377.000
Austria *8,725,000
Denmark ... 250,000
France 9,354,000
Italy 16,997,000
Netherlands 1,946,000
Roumania . 5,783,000
Spain 12,527,000
Sweden .... 75,000
Utd kingdom 8,961,000
*In 1913.
PEAS (1914-).*
U. States (1912)7,111,000
Canada 3,362,000
Chile 373,000
Country. *Tons.
Java tl 541 000
Snany .... 475000,000
NetLrlands.. 13,727,000
Norway 1,045,000
Serbia .".'.'.".' 'sOoioOO
, 28,664,000
Sumatra ... *45,024,000
Formosa *959,477
Japan 115,741 500
Philippines ... 1408,000
Africa 590 000
Oceania .... 353" 000
Philippines.. 103,024,183
Russia (Asia).*31,462,230
Africa *40,727,680
*Long tons, fin 1913-14.
Beet. *Tons.
United States.. 722,054
Canada 13,773
Austria-Hung.. 1,766,232
Belgium '>?4 437
Total A
In 1913. tin 1912.
FLAXSEED (1914).
Bushels.
U't'd States. 13,749,000
Canada 7,175,000
Mexico 150,000
Argentina .. 39,171,000
Uruguay . . . 963,000
Aus.-Hun.... *801,000
Belgium ... *387,000
Bulgaria . . . *8,000
France 336,000
Italy 323,000
Netherlands.. 212,000
Roumania .. 165,000
Russia (Eu.) *24,447,000
British India 15,440,000
Russia (Asia) *1,927,000
Algeria 15,000
ISen"::::. 25:000,000
Utd. kingdom 1,700,000
Australasia.. 120,000
Total 1,711,158^000
POTATOES (1914) .
U't'd States 409,921,000
Canada 85672000
Chile 9,169,000
Aus.-Hun.... 195.266,000
Denmark ... 37,335.000
France 440,652,000
Germany ,..1,674,377,000
Itily 61,104,000
Denmark 168*652
France 333.953
Germany 2,755,750
Italy 183 753
Netherlands ... 263^852
Roumania 36 ?97
Russia 1,681,247
Spain 110,946
Sweden 169,644
Switzerland ... 3,208
*Short tons, tin 1913-14.
COTTON (1914).*
t Bales.
United States.. 16,134,930
Porto Rico 693
West Indies 4,883
Brazil 385 000
Luxemburg.. 5,288,000
Netherlands. 120,780,000
Norway 27,548,000
Roumania .. 2,634,000
Russia 965,310,000
Spain 76,657,000
Sweden .... 63,209,000
Switzerland.. 22,046,000
Utd. kingdom 279,121,000
Japan 25,002,000
Australasia... 21,549,000
Peru 105 617
Malta 411
British India.. 4,238,494
Russia (Asia). 1,177,595
British Africa. 39,859
Egypt 1,450508
Total *131,549,000
*In 1913.
BICE (1914).
Pounds.
U't'd States 656,917,000
Hawaii *25, 820,000
Guatemala . . t3,501, 000
Salvador ... 12,344,000
Mexico .... 33,921,000
Brazil 116,416,000
Dut. Guiana t5,463,000
Peru t!08,869,000
Bulgaria . . t7,716,000
France .... *1.257,000
Italy .. . 741,263,000
France 1.116,000
Italy 3,638,000
Netherlands ... 1,871,000
Roumauia 869.000
Russia 18,326,000
*Data incomplete.
fBales. of 500 pounds
gross or 478 pounds net.
HAW SILK (1914).
Pounds.
Italy 8 995 000
Spain 11,016,000
Sweden .. .. 717,000
Total ,...,...
TOBACCO (1914) .
Pounds.
U't'd States.1,034,679,000
Canada U, 000,000
Cuba ... 72,585,000
Utd. kingdom.. 2,993,000
New Zealand... 453,000
*Incomplete returns.
SUGAR (1914-1915).
Cane. *Tons.
United States.. 247,000
Hawaii t612,000
Porto Rico t364,000
Mexico 121,000
France . 893 000
Spain 154,000
Austria-Hung.. 672,000
Anatolia 794,000
Syria-Cyprus .. 926.000
Turkey (Eu.).. 132,000
Turkey (other) 242,000
Balkan states. 231,000
Greece . . 331 000
Mexico 34,711,000
Brazil 59,481,096
Chile 6,282,228
Uruguay .... 1,737,805
Aus.-Hun... *173,349,242
Belgium *19,702,290
Bulgaria ... "13,227,600
France *35,763,021
Germany ... *56,962,951
Spain 336,925,000
Brit. India.62,638,912,000
Jamaica 17.000
Trinidad 62,000
Cuba 2 980 000
Caucasus 772,000
Chos'n(Kor.) 3,678,878,000
Formosa ..tl,610,461,000
Japan 17,827,240,000
Java-Mad'a t7,951,049.000
Philippines. 1,403,516,000
Russia (A.) f512,3S3,000
Egypt 81,229,000
*In 1912. tin 1913.
Dan. W. Indies 5,000
Fr. W. Indies. 88,000
Dom. rep 119,000
Persia *463,000
Turkestan *496,000
China 12,489,000
Italy 20,943,700
Roumania .. 16,970,129
Russia (Eu.) *201, 988,930
Sweden *1,646,836
Switzerland . . 815,702
South America. 965,000
Spain ... 8,000
British India.. 66,000
Indo-China ... 22,000
British India.. 2,651,000
Formosa 222,000
Japan 60.000
Total 48 214,000
*In 1913.
GRAIN CROPS OF THE CANADIAN NORTHWEST.
Bushels produced in 1914 and 1915.
PROVINCE.
WHEAT.
OATS.
BARLEY.
Manitoba
1914.
38.605,000
73.494.0^0
28.859.000
s^
171,146.000
48.772.000
1914.
31,951,000
61,816,000
57.076.000
1915.
65,263,000
142.121,000
98,296,000
1914.
9.828.000
4.901TOOO
4,806,000
1915.
16.543.000
9,948.000
6.542.000
Saskatchewan
Alberta
Total
140.958.000
304.200.000
150.843.000
305.080.000
19,535.000
33.030.000
PRINCIPAL FAKM CROPS OF THE UNITED STATES BY YEARS.
YEAR
CORN.
WHEAT.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
Acres.
Bushels.
Value.
1905 ..
94 Oil 369
2 707 993 540
$1,116,696.738
47.854.079
6St2.979.489
1518.372,727
1906. .
96 737 581
2 927 416 091
1,166.626,479
47.305.829
735.260.970
490.332,760
1907...,
99 9;il 000
2592 320 OuO
1.336,901,000
45,211.000
634.087.000
554.437.000
1908....
101 7SS 000
2 668 651,000
1,616.145,000
47.557.000
664.602.000
616,826,000
1909
98 383 000
2 552 1% 000
44.261.000
683,350,000
1910. . . .
104.035.000
2.8-^.260.000
1 ,384,817.COO
45.631.000
635,121.000
56"i,051 .000
1911
105 825 000
2 531 4$8 000
1 565 258.000
49.543,000
621,338.000
543.063.000
1912
10 r 083 ooo
3 124 746000
1 520,454.000
45.814.000
730,267,000
555.280.000
1913
105 g-?o 000
2 446 9^8 000
1.692.092.000
50,184.000
763.380.000
610.122.000
1914 ..
103 435000
2 672 804 000
1.722.070.000
t 54 1.000
891.017.000
878.680.000
1915
108.321.000
3.054.535.000
1,755.859.000
898,000
1.011.505,000
930.302,000
ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOR 1917.
131
YEAH.
OATS.
RYE.
1905
Acres.
2S.046.T 46
Bushels.
953.216.197
Value.
$277.047,537
Acres.
1.662.508
Bushels.
27,61':.045
Value.
$16.754.657
1906....
30.5158,768
964.904.522
306.292.973
2.001.904
3!) 374.833
19.671.24S
1907....
31.837.000
754,443.000
334.568.000
1.926,000
31.W.6.000
23.063,000
1908
32 344 000
807 156.000
381,171.000
1,948.000
31,851 000
23 455,000
1909
35 157000
1 007 129.000
2.196,000
29520 000
1910
37 548 000
1.186,341.000
403.388.000
2,185.000
34 897.000
24.il53.000
191 1 .
37.763.000
922.29S.OOO
414.ti63.000
2.127.000
33.119.000
27.557.000
1912
37,917.000
1.418.337,000
452,469.000
2,117.000
35.664.000
23.63:.000
1913....
38.399.000
1,121.768.000
439.59ti.000
2.557.000
41.381.000
22.220.000
1914....
38.442.000
1,141.060.000
499.431.000
2.541.000
42.779,000
37.018.000
1915
40.780.000
1.540.362.000
555.569.00U
2.856.000
49,190.000
41.295.000
BARLEY.
1
3UCKWHEA1
1905
5 095 528
136.651.020
J5o.047.16t>
760.118
14.585.1 >S2
$3.565.499
1906
6.323,757
178.916.484
74.2:55.997
789.208
14.641.937
8.727.443
1907
6 448.000
153.597.000
102.290.000
800.000
14.290.000
".975.000
1908...
6.646.000
166.756.000
92.442,000
803.000
15.874.000
12,004,000
1MB
7 6% 000
173 321 0(iO
878000
14849 000
1910....
7.743.000
173.832.000
100,426,666
860. (XX)
17.598,000
11.636.000
1911...
7.627.000
160.240.000
139.182.000
833.000
17.549.000
12.735.000
1912
7 530 000
223 824 000
112.957.000
841.000
19.249 000
12,720 000
1913
7 499000
178 189 000
95.731.000
805.000
13.833.000
10 445 000
1914
7 565000
194 953,000
105.903.000
792.000
16.881.000
12 892.000
1915
7.395.000
237.009.000
122.4W.OOO
806.000
15.769.000
12.408.000
POTATOES
HAY.
1905...
Acres.
2 496 757
Bushels.
260 741 294
Value.
$160 821 080
Acres.
39361 960
Tons.
60531 611
Value.
$519 9o9 784
1906
3 013 150
308038382
157,547 392
42 476 224
57 145 959
592 539 671
1907....
3 424 00(1
297942000
183.880000
44028000
63677 000
743 507 000
1908. . . .
3 257 000
278 985 000
197,039,000
46.486.000
70 798 000
fi35 423 000
1909
3 66') 000
389 1 ( *5 000
4T 744 000
64 938 000
689 '345 000
1910
3 - 72o'oOO
349032000
104566000
45 091 000
60478 000
747 769 000
1911
3 619 000
292*737 000
233778 000
43 017 000
47 444 000
641 570 000
1912
3711 000
420647 000
212 550000
49530000
72 391 000
836 695 Ol)0
1913 ...
3 668 000
331 525000
227 403 000
48 454 0(X)
64 116 000
797 (fi7 OflO
1914....
3711 000
409921 000
499 460 (XX.
49 145 000
70 071 000
779068000
1915
3.761.000
359.103.000
221.104,001.
50.872.000
85.225.000
912.S20.000
TOBACCO.
COTTON.
1905. . . .
Acres.
776 112
Pounds.
633033719
Value.
$48 674 118
Acres.
30 053 739
Bales.
13 438 012
Value.
$561 100 386
1906
796099
682 428 530
68,232 647
32 049,000
13 273 809
640 311 538
1907
820800
698.12tj.000
71.411.000
31,311.000
11 107 179
613 630436
1908
875 4''5
718 061 380
74 130 185
32 444 000
13 241 799
588 814 828
1909
1 9 < r > 000
1 055 765 000
30938000
10 0J4 449
688 350 000
1910.
I 366 000
1 103 415 000
102 142 000
y 403 000
11 608 616
g->|) '.J')Q Q00
1911...
1 013 0<JO
905 109000
85210 000
36 045 000
16 -) 50 9 7t>
859 840 000
1912....
i y } n ooo
462 855000
104 063 OJO
34 283 000
13 703 000
742'240'(KX)
1913
1 216000
953 734 000
122481 000
37 081* 000
14 116 000
887 160 (XX)
1914
1 9 ''4 000
1 034 679 000
101 411 000
36 832 000
16 134 980
541 130 000
l'J15
i.mo4C
1.060.000.000
96.041,000
30.957.000
11.161.000
602.393.000
AVERAGE FARM VALUE OF CROPS.
DEC.
l.
1904..
1905..
1906..
1907..
1908..
1909..
Wh't
Cts.
92.4
74.8
66.7
87.4
92.4
^9.0
Oats.
Corn
"OtT
44.1
41.2
39.9
51.6
60.6
59.6
Rye.
Cts.
68.8
61.1
59
73.1
73.6
73.9
Bar-
ley.
Cts.
42.0
40.3
41.5
66.6
55.4
55.2
B'k-
wh't.
Pota
toes.
-CTT
45.3
61.7
51.1
61.7
70.6
54. U
Hay,
ton.
T-
Wh't
Oats.
Corn
Rye.
Bar-
ley.
-cTT
57.8
86.9
50.4
53.7
54.3
51.7
B'k
Wh't
"ctsT
65.7
72.6
66.1
75.5
76.4
78.7
Pota-
toes.
Hay.
ton.
DolsT
12.26
14.64
11.79
12.43
11.12
10.70
Cts.
31.3
29.1
31.7
44.3
47.2
40.5
Cta.
6-2.2
58.7
59.6
69.8
75.6
69.9
Dais.
8.72
8.52
10.37
11.08
8.98
10.62
1910..
1911..
1912.
1913. .
1914..
1915. .
Cts.
88.3
87.4
76.0
79.9
9S.6
92.0
Cts.
34.1
45.0
31.9
39.2
43.8
36.1
Cts.
48.0
61.8
48.7
69.1
84.4
57.5
Cts.
72.2
83.2
66.3
63.4
86.5
83.9
Cts.
55.7
79.9
50.5
68.7
48.7
61.6
BEET AND CANE SUGAR AND MOLASSES
*PERIOD.
CANE SUGAR.
Beet
sugar.
*MOLASSES.
Louisiana
Other |
southern I Total,
states. !
1
Louisiana
Other
southern
states.
Total.
r907
Pounds.
515,200,000
761,600,000
795,200.000
728.000.000
685,440.000
705,747,840
307,146,560
585,394.880
Pounds.
29.120,000
26,880.000
33.600.000
22,400,000
24,640,000
16,000.320
18,000.640
15.680.000
*7.840,000
*2,240.000
Pounds.
544,320.000
788.460.000
828.800.000
750.400.000
710.080.000
721.748.160
325. 147.200
601.074.880
493,239.040
275,240,000
Pounds.
Gallons.
17,579.877
22,532,774
31,111,650
32,082.050
33.842,600
26,120.100
20,297,500
24,194,750
13,630,343
Gallons,
3,628,860
4.717,518
7,360,000
9.568.000
10.716.160
8.000,000
9.200.000
12.107,000
14,000,000
Gallons.
21.208,737
27.250.292
38.471.650
41.650,050
44,558,600
34,120,100
29,497,500
37.301.750
27,630,000
1908
9t57.224.000
927,256:430
851,768,000
1,024,938,000
1.020.344.000
1.199.000.000
1.385. 112.000
1.444,108,000
1909.-
1910
1911.
I'.Hv: .
1913-. . ....
l'.H4. .
1915. .
1916
'Louisiana only.
132
ALMANAC AND YEAR BOOK FOR 1937.
BEET SUGAR PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From reports to U. S. department of agriculture.]
STATE, AND YEAR OP
BEET CROP.
Fac-
tor-
ies.
No.
Av.
length
of
cam-
paign.
Days.
Sugar
made.
Tons.*
BEETS USED FOR SUGAR.
ANALYSIS OF
BEETS.
Per-
c'tage
av. ex-
tract'n
of
sugar.
Area.
Acres.
Quantity worked.
Av.
price
per
ton.
Per-
c'tage
su-
crose .+
Per ct
purity
coeffi-
cient.:}:
Tons.*
Av.
yield
per ac.
California
Colorado
11
14
4
15
4
8
11
97
104
100
78
80
96
84
195,343
273,780
51.225
129,997
33,472
85,014
105.389
122,737
171.222
35,068
122,000
25,684
56.226
78,364
1,249,111
1.888,860
339,859
997,972
279,427
629.204
765.860
10.2
11.0
9.r
8.2
10.9
11.2
9.8
$5.86
5.88
5.08
5.91
5.29
4.91
5.67
H.82
16.53
17.85
15.45
14.19
16.43
16.38
82.65
84.84
87.14
84.08
81.99
85.06
84.24
15.64
14.49
15.07
13.03
11.98
13.51
13.76
Idaho
Michigan
Ohio
Utah
Other states
United States, 1915
Total, 1914 ...
67
60
71
73
66
92
85
85
86
94
874,220
722,054
733.401
692.55fi
599.500
611,301
483,400
580.006
5.55,300
473.877
6,150,293
5.288,500
5,f)59,462
5.224.377
5.062,333
10.1
10.9
9.76
9.41
10. (.8
5.67
5.45
5.69
5.82
5.50
16.49
16.38
15.78
16.31
15.89
84.38
83.89
83.22
84.49
14.21
13.65
12.96
13.26
11.84
Total 1913
Total 1912
Total, 1911
*Tons of 2.000 pounds,
.solids of the beets.
tBased upon weight of beets. ^Percentage of pure sugar in the total soluble
CENSUS REPORT OF BEET SUGAR MANU-
FACTURED.
1914. 1909.
Total acreage of beets planted 532,421 415,964
Total quantity of beets
treated (tons of 2,000 Ibs.) 5,639,103 3.965,356
Sugar Quantity (tons of
2,000 pounds) 743,473 501,682
State. Acres.Yield.bu.Bushels. Value.
Iowa ....... 10,100,000 30.0 303,000,000 $154,530,000
Missouri... 7,100,000 29.5 209,450,000 119,386,000
N. Dakota. 700.000 14.0 9,800,000 6,566,000
S. Dakota. 3,250,000 29.0 94,250,000 46,182,000
Nebraska.. 7,100,000 30.0 213,000,000 100,110,000
Kansas.... 5,550,000 31.0 172,050,000 87746000
Kentucky.. 3,800,000 30.O 114,000,000 63'840'000
Valu^ . . . $58 590 465 $45 937 6 9 9
Tennessee. 3,500,000 27.0 94 500 000 54 810 000
Granulated Quantity (tons
of 2,000 pounds) 739,233 496,807
Value $58,351,323 $45,645810
Alabama... 3.900,000 17.0 66,800,000 45,747*,000
Mississippi. 3,650,000 19.0 69,350,000 45,078,000
.Louisiana.. 2,200,000 20.5 45,100,000 28,864,000
Raw Quantity (tons of
2,000 pounds) 4,240 4,875
Value $239 142 $291 819
Texas 7,450,000 23.5 175,075,000 101,544,000
Oklahoma. 4,200,000 29.5 123,900,000 56 991 000
Arkansas.. 2,700,000 23.0 62,100,000 39)744*000
Molasses Quantity (gallons
of 12 2 pounds) 26 461 291 20 812 747
Montana.. 70000 28.0 1,960,000 1,352,000
Wyoming.. 25,000 25.0 625,000 419,000
Value . $1,536,192 $1,129,905
Colorado... 470,000 24.0 11,280,000 6204000
Pulp . $2 094 863 $795 900
N. Mexico 105,000 26.0 2,730,000 1,993,000
All other products $383689 $58 949
Arizona.... 20,000 30.0 600,000 690,000
Utah 13000 34.0 442,000 354000
Total value of products... $62,605,209 $48,122,383
MAPLE SUGAR AND SIRUP MADE IN VER-
MONT.
[Figures for 1909 are from the thirteenth
Nevada.... 1,000 35.0 35,000 33,000
Idaho 22,000 35.0 770,000 500000
Washington 39,000 27.0 1,053,000 811,000
Oregon 33,000 35.0 1,155,000 947,000
California... 64,000 41.0 2,624.000 2,309,000
United States census; those for 1912, 1914 and
1915 are reported by the Vermont state com-
missioner of agriculture.]
Trees Pounds Gallons
Year. tapped. sugar. sirup.
1909 5 585 632 7 726 817 409 953
U. S 108,321,000 28.23,054,535,0001.755,859,000
WINTER WHEAT.
New York 390,000 25.0 9,750,000 $9,848,000
New Jersey.. 78,000 20.0 1,560,000 1.654,000
1912 5 076 375 6 682 063 455 403
1914 5190461 7117671 433750
1915 5 294 933 7 311 334 605 373
CROPS OF 1915 BY STATES.
CORN.
State. Acres. Yield, bu. Bushels. Value.
Maine 16,000 41.0 656,000 $558000
W. Virginia.. 300 000 15.0 4,500,000 4,860,000
N. Carolina.. 950,000 10.9 10,355,000 12.426,000
S. Carolina.. 225,000 10.8 2,430,000 3,353000
Georgia 325,000 11.0 3,575,000 4,612)000
Ohio 1 980 000 20.3 40 194 000 41 802 000
N. Hamp.. 22,000 45.0 990,000 752)000
Vermont .. 47,000 46.0 2,256,000 1,895,000
Massachu'ts 48,000 47.0 2,304,000 1,843,000
R. Island.. 12,000 43.0 516,000 516,000
Connecticut. 65 000 50.0 3,250,000 2,762,000
New York. 605)000 40.0 24,200,000 18 876,000
Indiana 2,750,000 17.2 47,300,000 48,246,000
Illinois 2,800,000 19.0 53,200,000 53,200,000
Michigan .... 960,000 21.3 20.448.000 20.652,000
Wisconsin.... 100,000 23.0 2,300,000 2,185,000
Minnesota 60000 19.5 1,170,000 1,053,000
Iowa . . CIO 000 21 5 10 965 000 9 540 000
New Jersey 285 000 38.0 10,830,000 8,122,000
Pennsvlv'ia 1,520'.000 38.5 58,520,000 40,964,000
Delaware... 210,000 31.5 6,615,000 4,101,000
Maryland... 710,000 35.0 23,850,000 15,158,000
Virginia .. 2,125,000 28.5 60,562,000 42,999,000
W. Virginia 800.000 31.5 25,200,000 18,648,000
N. Carolina 3,050.000 21.0 64.050,000 49,318000
S. Carolina 2,155,000 16.5 35,558,000 30,9351000
Georgia 4 330 000 15 64 950 000 50 661 000
Missouri .... 2,773,000 12.3 34,108,000 33,426,000
S. Dakota... 125,000 20.5 2,562,000 2,203,000
Nebraska .... 3,601,000 18.5 66,618,000 55,959,000
Kansas 8,475,000 12.5 105,938,000 94,285.000
Kentucky ... 900000 11.0 9,900.000 10,395,000
Tennessee ... 860,'000 10.5 9,030,000 9,752,000
Alabama .... 100,000 12.0 1,200,000 1,500,000
Mississippi .. 5,000 20.0 100,000 105,000
Texas 1 475 000 15 5 2 9 862 000 24 462 000
Florida.... 800.000 15.0 12,000,000 8,760.000
Ohio .. 3760000 41.5 156040,000 87382,000
Oklahoma .. 3,150,000 11.6 36.540,000 32',521.000
Arkansas ... 2 9 000 12.5 2750.000 2778,000
Indiana.... 5.025,000 38.0 190,950,000 97)384,000
Illinois.... 10,449.000 36.0 376,164,000 203.129,000
Michigan .. 1,750,000 32.0 56,000,000 38,080,000
Wisconsin.. 1,775,000 23.0 40,825,000 27.761,000
Minnes-ota.. 2,700,000 23.0 62,100,000 38,502,000
Montana .... 675,000 27.0 18,225,000 14,216,000
Wyoming ... 60.000 26.0 1,560,000 1,217,000
Colorado .... 310,000 26.0 8,060.000 6.448000
N. Mexico... 52,000 22.0 1,144,000 1,030,000
Arizona 39,000 28.0 1,092,000 1,256,000
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
133
State.
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington..
Oregon
California
Acres. Yield, bu. Bushels.
245,000 25.0
22,000
390,000
1,110,000
G75 000
26.0
29.0
27.6
24.0
440,000 16.0
6,125,000
572,000
11,310,000
30,636,000
16,200,000
7,040,000
Value.
$5,268,000
543,000
9,048,000
25,122,000
13,608.000
U. States... 40, 453,000 16.2 655,045,000 622,012,000
SPRING WHEAT.
Maine
Vermont
Wisconsin . . .
Minnesota
Iowa
N. Dakota..
S. Dakota...
Nebraska ...
Kansas
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
N. Mexico...
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington...
Oregon
4,000
1,000
105,000
4,250,000
. 275,000
8,350,000
3,600,000
346,000
50,000
28.0
65,000
250,000
45000
75,000
34,000
280,000
890,000
225,000
112,000
30,000
2,362,000
72,250,000
4,592,000
18.2 151,970,000
17.0 61.200,000
16.0 5,536 000
600,'000
15,600,000
1,755,000
5,250,000
1,012,000
2,100,000
1,088,000
7,420,000
19 758,000
3,"825,000
22.5
17.0
16.7
12.0
26.0
27.0
21.0
22.5
28.0
32.0
26.5
22.2
17.0
U. States.. 19,445,000 18.3 356,460", 000 308,290,000
Maine"
N. Hamps're
Vermont
Massachusetts
R. Island
Connecticut..
New York....
New Jersey . .
Pennsylvania.
Delaware . . .
Maryland
Virginia
W. Virginia..
N. Carolina...
S. Carolina..
Georgia
Florida
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri
N. Dakota...
S. Dakota...
Nebraska . . .
Kansas
Kentucky ....
Tennessee . . .
Alabama
Mississippi
Louisiana . . .
Texas
Oklahoma . . .
Arkansas ...".
Montana
Wyoming
Colvrado
N. Mexico...
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington...
Oregon
California . . .
152,000
12,000
81000
9,000
2,000
13,000
1,340,000
70,000
1,140,000
4,000
45,000
225,000
120,000
350,000
525,000
905,000
61,000
1,683,000
1,638,000
4,343,000
1,530,000
2,150,000
3,125,000
4,950,000
1,225,000
2,450,OCO
1,725,000
2,200,000
1,650,000
210,000
357,000
000.000
250,000
120,000
1,250,000
1,400,000
375,000
227,000
60,000
9,000
100,000
13,000
335,000
275,000
211,000
40.0
38.0
43.0
36.0
33.0
32.5
40.5
32.5
38.0
33.5
34.0
25.0
29.0
23.0
19.0
19.5
20.0
41.0
40.0
45.0
42.0
46.5
43.0
40.0
26.0
40.0
42.0
32.0
26.5
26.0
24.5
19.0
21.5
25.0
35.5
27.0
27.0
52.0
42.0
39.0
36.0
37.0
47.0
45.0
47.0
50.0
44.0
33.0
456,000
3,483,000
324,000
66,000
422,000
54,270,000
2 275,000
43,"320,000
134,000
1,530,000
5,625,000
3,480,000
8,050,000
9.975,000
17,648,000
1,220,000
$2,736,000
246,000
1,846,000
165,000
33,000
232,000
24,422,000
1,092,000
19,061,000
68,000
750,000
65,520,000
195,435,000
64,260,000
99,975,000
134,375,000
198,000,000
31,850,000
98,000,000
72,450,000
70,400,000
43,725,000
5,460,000
8,746,000
11,400,000
5,375,000
3,000,000
44,375,000
37,800,000
10,125,000
31,200,000
9,534,000
11,700,000
2,160,000
333,000
4,700,000
585,000
15,745,000
13,750,000
16,060.000
6.963,000
1,775,000
4,991,000
6,683 000
11,6481000
854,000
24.841,000
22.277,000
68,402,000
22.491,000
35,991,000
43,000,000
63,360,000
12,103,000
26,460,000
20,286,000
21,824,000
16,178.000
2,621,000
4,373,000
7,182,000
3,225,000
1,650,000
18,638,000
13,230,000
5,265,000
9,984,000
4,100,000
4,797,000
1,080,000
213,000
2,115,000
322,000
5,353,000
U. States.. 40,780,000 37.81540,362,000 555,569,000
Vermont
Massachusetts...
Connecticut
1,000 17.0
3,000 20.0
7,000 21.5
17,000
60,000
150,000
$14,000
61,000
153,000
State.
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania .
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
W. Virginia....
N. Carolina....
S. Carolina
Georgia
Ohio
Indiana ,
Illinois
Michigan ,
Wisconsin
Minnesota
Iowa
Missouri
N. Dakota.....
S. Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Kentucky
Tennessee
Alabama
Texas
Oklahoma
Arkansas
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
Utah
Idaho
Washington . . ,
Oregon
California .
Acres. Yield, bu
150,000 18.7
, 71.000 20.0
274,000 18.0
1,000 15.5
, 24,000 16.5
, 70,000 14.5
, 16,000 14.0
50,000 11.5
3,000 10.0
, 13,000 9.2
, 100,000 17 r 5
. 150,000 16.0
49,000 18.5
. 390,000 15.5
, 420,000 18.5
. 300,000 19.5
60,000 18.5
. 25,000 13.5
, 180,000 15.0
. 90,000 19.5
. 200,000 17.5
. 50,000 16.0
12.0
United States. 2,856.000 17.2 49,190,000 41,295,000
Maine
N. Hampshire
Vermont
New York
Pennsylvania...
Maryland
Virginia
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Wisconsin ...
Minnesota ...1
Iowa
Missouri
N. Dakota 1
S. Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Kentucky
Tennessee
Texas
Oklahoma ....
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico...
Arizona
Utah
Nevada
Idaho
Washington ...
Oregon
California ....1
26.5
30.0
5.000
1,000
12,000 ?5.0
85,000 32.0
8,000 34.0
5,000 34.0
12,000 29.0
30,000 31.0
8,000 28.0
54,000 34.0
85,000 29.5
656,000 35.5
,350,000 30.5
353,000 31.0-
5,000 25.0
,400,000 32.0
750,000 32.0
105,000 31.0
270,000 31.0
6,000 30.0
6,000 24.0
9,000 28.0
8,000 26.5
80,000 34.0
17,000 36.0
130,000 36.0
8,000 33.0
35,000 37.0
34,000 42.5
12,000 48.0
191,000 40.5
175,000 41.5
130,000 36.0
.360,000 29.0
132,000
30,000
420,000
2,720,000
170,000
170,000
348,000
930,000
224,000
1,836,000
2,508,000
23,288,000
41,175,000
10,943,000
125,000
44,800,000
24,000,000
3,255,000
8,370,000
180,000
144,000
252,000
212,000
2,720,000
612,000
4,680,000
264,000
1,295,000
1,445,000
576,000
7,736,000
7,263,000
4,680,000
39,440,000
U. States.... 7,395,000 32.0 237,009,000
BUCKWHEAT.
Maine 13,000 26.0 338,000
N. Hampshire.... 1,000 30,0 30,000
Vermont 8,000 27.0 216,000
Massachusetts 2,000 16.0 32,000
Connecticut 3,000 20.0 60,000
New York 280.000 19.0 5,320,000
New Jersey 10,000 21.0 210,000
5,754,000
21.0
Pennsylvania ....274,000 21.0
$99,000
24,000
315,000
2,040,00i)
119,000-
119,000
261,000
502,000
146,000
1,047,000
1,555,000
13,041,000
20,176,000
5,362,000
79,003
19,712,000
11,040,000
1,367,000
3,515,000
139,000
108,000
171,000
106,000
1,306,000
337,000
2,246,000
185,000
725,000
751,000
403,000
4,023,000
4,067,000
2,902,000
24.453,000
122,499,000
$237,000
24,000
177,000
30,000
58,000
4,256,000
174,000
4,488,000
134
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
State. Acres. Yield.bu. Bushels. Value.
Delaware 3,000 18.5 56,000 42,000
Maryland 11,000 20.0 220,000 158,000
State.
Vermont
Yield,
Acres bu.
24,000 108
26,000 120
5,000 110
24,000 95
355,000 62
93.000 130
280,000 72
11,000 95
44,000 97
140,000 125
50,000 117
35,000 90
11,000 80
16,000 65
12,000 80
153,000 82
75,000 95
126,000 110
355,000 59
298,000 87
285,000 106
148,000 105
90,000 98
80,000 90
68,000 115
110,000 105
71,000 83
51,000 126
36,000 88
20,000 80
13,000 90
28,000 51
42,000 65
35,000 85
28,000 90
39,000 155
16,000 150
53.000 135
8,000 100
1,000 95
20,000 125
13,000 172
28.000 125
61,000 135
48,000 115
78,000 130
Bushels.
2,592,000
3,120,000
550.000
2.280,000
22,010,000
12,090,000
20,160,000
1,045,000
4,268,000
17,500,000
5,850,000
3,150,000
880,000
1,040,000
960,000
12,546,000
7,125.000
13,860,000
20,945,000
25,926.000
30,210,000
15.540,000
8,820,000
7,200,000
7,820,000
11.550,000
5,893,000
6,426,000
3,168,000
1.660,000
1,170,000
1,428,000
2,730,000
2,975,000
2,520,000
6,045,000
2,400,000
7,155,000
800,000
95,000
2,500,000
2,236,000
3,500,000
8,235,000
5,520,000
10,140,000
Value.
$2,100,000
2,933.000
506,000
2,189,000
18,048,000
9.06S..OOO
15,120,000
784,000
2,646,000
10,675,000
3,802,000
2,300,000
1,012,000
1,030,000
1,104,000
8,872,000
3,990,000
8,177,000
11,729,000
11,667,000
11.782.000
8.392.000
5,292,000
2,952.000
2.737,000
4,851,000
4,361,000
3,534,000
1,996,000
1,440,000
983,000
1,357,000
2,866,000
2,499.000
1.915,000
3.022,000
1.440,000
3,935,000
760,000
95,000
1,575,000
1,565,000
1,960,000
4,365,000
3,312,000
7,605,000
Virginia 26,000 20.0 520,000 416,000
W Virginia ... 38,000 22.0 836,000 669,000
Massachusetts
Rhode Island..
Connecticut .
New York
New Jersey..
Pennsylvania..
Delaware
Maryland . . .
Virginia
W. Virginia.
N. Carolina..
S. Carolina..
Georgia
Florida
Ohio
Indiana
N Carolina 10 000 17.5 175,000 144 000
Ohio 18.000 23.0 414,000 319,000
Indiana 5 000 14.0 70,000 56,000
Illinois 4,00 17.0 68,000 61,000
Michigan 6.000 14.5 870,000 626,000
Wisconsin .. 18,000 13.0 234,000 194,000
Minnesota 7,000 17.5 122,000 92,000
Iowa 7,000 13.0 91,000 73,000
Missouri 3 000 15.0 45 000 40,000
Nebraska 1,000 20.0 20,000 19,000
Kansas 1 000 14.0 14,000 14,000
Tennessee 3,000 18.0 54,000 41,000
U. States 806,000 19.6 15,769,000 12,408,000
HAY.
State. Acres. Yield.tons. Tons. Value.
Maine .. 1,215,000 1.15 1,397,000 $20,815,000
Illinois
Michigan "...
Wisconsin . . .
Minnesota . . .
N Hampshire 504,000 1.00 504,000 8,770,000
Vermont .... 970000 1.35 1,310,000 20,305,000
Massachusetts. 470,'000 1.50 705,000 15,510,000
R. Island 57,000 1.24 71,000 1,598,000
Connecticut ., 365,000 1.35 493,000 9,860,000
New York 4,500,000 1.30 5,850,000 91,845,000
New Jersey... 361,000 1.45 523,000 9,937,000
Pennsylvania.. 3,100,000 1.40 4,340.000 67,704,000
Delaware .... 70,000 1.20 84,000 1,428,000
Maryland .... 390,000 1.20 468,000 7,582,000
Virginia 700,000 1.35 945,000 14,836,000
W. Virginia... 730,000 1.50 1,095,000 16,425,000
N. Carolina... 350.000 1.85 648,000 10,692,000
S." Carolina.... 220,000 1.30 286,000 4462,000
Georgia 300,000 1.15 345,000 5,210,000
Florida 51 000 1.20 61,000 976.000
Missouri
N. Dakota...
S. Dakota
Nebraska
Kansas
Kentucky . . .
Tennessee . . .
Alabama
Mississippi . .
Louisiana ...
Texas
Oklahoma . . .
Arkansas
Montana
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico...
Arizona
Utah
Nevada . .
Ohio 2,812,000 1.44 4,049,000 51,422,000
Indiana 2,020000 1.50 3,030,000 33,330,000
Illinois 2 400,' 000 1.54 3,696,000 39,917,000
Michigan 2,470,000 1.40 3,458,000 42,188,000
Wisconsin ....2,576,000 1.75 4,508000 44,629,000
Minnesota .... 1.680,000 1.91 3.209,'000 20,538,000
Iowa . ... 3,098,000 l.SO 5,576,000 48.511,000
Missouri .. .. 3,050,000 1.52 4,636,000 39,406,000
N Dakota 440.000 1.50 660,000 3,762,000
S. Dakota 610,000 2.00 1,220,000 6,466,000
Nebraska .. 1,650.000 2.60 4,290,000 24,882.000
Kansas . 1 766 000 2.30 4,062.000 22.747,000
Washington .
Oregon
California . . .
U. States....
New Jersey...
Pennsylvania
Delaware
3,761,000 95.5
SWEET POTAT
.... 23,000 155
.... 1,000 105
.... 5,000 135
559,103,000
OES.
3,565,000
105,000
675,000
1,040,000
2.740.000
220,000
8,925,000
6,825,000
8,075.000
2,576,000
95,000
104,000
880,000
285,000
700,000
440,000
1,050,000
2,835,000
7,200.000
7,700,000
5,980,000
5,880,000
690.000
3,900,000
810,000
221,104,000
$2,496,000
79,000
418,000
728,000
2,431,000
202,000
4,998,000
4.436,000
4.926.000
1,752.000
93,000
94,000
722.000
308,000
574,000
440,000
735,000
1,673,000
4,104,000
4,235,000
2,990,000
4,116,000
504,000
2,379,000
648,000
Kentucky .... 875,000 1.40 1,225,000 15,312,000
Tennessee ., , 950,000 1.47 1,396,000 19,404,000
Alabama 250,000 1.45 362,000 4,489,000
Mississippi ... 250,000 1.40 350,000 3,850,000
Louisiana 250,000 1.75 438,000 4,511.000
Texas 450 000 1.70 765,000 6,044,000
Maryland
Virginia
W. Virginia ..
N. Carolina...
S. Carolina...
Georgia
Florida
Ohio
.... 8,000 130
.... 34.000 110
.... 2,000 110
.... 85,000 105
. ... 65,000 105
.... 95,000 85
. ... 23.000 112
.... 1,000 95
Oklahoma . . 460,000 2.30 1,058.000 5,925,000
Arkansas .... boO.OOO 1.60 560.000 5,768,000
Montana . . 775,000 2.00 1,550,000 11,625,000
Wyoming . . E50,000 2.20 1.210.000 9,438,000
Colorado 970.000 2.20 2,134,000 16,218,000
N. Mexico.... 210.000 2.20 442.000 3,890,000
Utah ...V 394'.000 2.50 985.000 7,880,000
Indiana
.... 1,000 104
Nevada 225,000 3.00 675,000 5,062,000
Idaho 677 000 2 70 1 8 9 8 000 14 076 000
Illinois
Iowa
, . , , 8,000 110
.... 3.000 95
.... 7,000 100
Washington .. 812.000 2.30 1,868,000 20,174,000
Oregon 850.000 2.20 1.870.000 17,765,000
California .-. .. 2.511.000 1.80 4.520.000 50.624.000
Missouri
Kansas
Kentucky
.... 4,000 110
.... 10,000 105
U. States... 50,872, 000 1.68 85,225,000 912,320,000
HAY CROP BY KINDS IN 1915.
Tons. Per ct.
Timothy 19 054 000 22.3
Alabama
.... 80,000 90
70 000 110
Louisiana
Texas
.... 65,000 92
60 000 98
Timothy and clover mixed 18,713,000 21.9
Clovor alone 12527,000 14.7
Oklahoma
Arkansas
.... 6.000 115
. ... 30,000 130
Alfnlfi 18 562 000 21.8
California ....
United Stat
State.
Virginia
.... 6,000 135
Millet and Hungarian grass 3.230,000 3.8
Grains cut greon for hay 6,962,000 8.2
es.. 719,000 103.
COTTON.
Yield
Acres, bales
36,000 212
1,250,000 270
.2,400,000 231
4,700,000 193
198,000 121
5 74,295,000
Bales.
16.000
708,000
1,160,000
1,900,000
50,000
46,081,000
Value.
$870.000
37,800,000
62,578,000
103,513.000
3,559,000
Other tame Inv 6 205 000 7 3
Total tame hay 85,225,000 100.0
Wild, salt and prairie hay 21,491,000
POTATOES.
Yield,
State. Acres. bu. Bushels. Value.
Maine 142,000 155 22,010.000 $15,407,000
N. Hampshire 16,000 95 1,520,000 1.444.000
N. Carolina...
S. Carolina..
Georgia
Florida
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR J917.
135
State.
Alabama . . .
Mississippi
Louisiana . .
Vexas
Yield,
Acres. bali-s. Bales. Value.
.. 3,400,000 148 1,050,000 $55,734,000
6uO 000 170 940 000 51 758 000
State. Acrrs. Yield, bu. Bushels. Value.
Wisconsin ^ 000 IS 36 000 220 000
Total 17,700 25.8 457,000 2,845,000
.. 1,090,000 158 360,000 19,289,000
..10,^00,000 14-J 5,175,000 168,812,000
SHEEP (1916) AND WOOL (1915).
Sheep. Fleeces. Raw wool.
State. Jan. 1. Number. Pounds.
Maine 162 000 148 000 93 9 000
Arkansas ..
Tennessee . .
Missouri ...
Oklahoma ..
California .
All other....
.. 2,150,000 175 785,000 43,590,000
.. 780,000 181 295,000 15,957,000
, 102,000 244 52,000 2,740,000
.. 1,950,000 155 630,000 34,050,000
34 000 479 34,000 1.822,000
17,000 ... 6.000 321,000
New Hampshire.... 37.000 31,000 195,000
Vermont 100,000 83,000 589,000
Massachusetts 28.000 20,000 128,000
Rhode Island 6,000 5,000 25,000
U. States... 30,957,000 172.5 11,161,000 602,393,000
TOBACCO.
State. Acres. Yield,lbs. Pounds. Value.
N. Hamp... 100,0001,400 140,000 $17,000
Vermont ... 100.0001,300 130,000 14.000
Massachusetts 7,300.000 1,100 8,030,000 1,164,000
Connecticut 22,200,000 1,350 29,970.000 5,095,000
New York.. 4.400,0001,200 5,280,000 502,000
Pennsylvania 31,400,000 1,350 42.390,000 3,900,000
Maryland .. 22.000,000 740 16,280,000 1,384,000
Virginia ... 192,500,000 750 144,375,00013,571,000
W. Virginia 11.300.000 870 9,?31,000 983,000
N. Carolina. 320,000.000 620 198,400,000 22,221,000
S. Carolina. 65,000,000 580 37,700,000 2,639,000
Georgia .... 1,700,000 880 1.496,'OOft 344.000
Florida 3,900,000 910 3,549,000 816,000
Ohio 93,700,000 900 84,330,000 7,590,000
Connecticut 18,000 15,000 82,000
New York 849 000 535 000 3 47S 000
New Jersey 29,000 17,000 95,000
Pennsylvania 856,000 650,000 4,030,000
Delaware 8,000 5,000 28,000
Maryland 223 000 127 000 749 000
Virginia 734,000 439,000 2,063,000
West Virginia 796,000 681,000 3,405,000
North Carolina 170.000 145,000 566,000
South Carolina 30,000 29,000 116,000
Georgia 161,000 200,000 520,000
Florida 119 000 107 000 332 000
Ohio 3 067 000 2 110 000 14 350 000
Indiana 1 058 000 725 000 4 920 000
Illinois 907 000 530 000 3 975 000
Michigan 1,931,000 1,170,000 8073,000
Wisconsin 664 000 550 000 3 960 000
Minnesota 536,000 420,000 2,940,000
Indiana
Illinois ....
Wisconsin ..
Missouri ...
Kentucky ..
Tennessee . .
Alabama ...
Louisiana ..
Texas
Arkansas ...
U. States.
State.
N. Carolina
S. Carolina
Georgia ......
Florida
13,500,000 840 11.340,000 828,000
700,000 850 595,000 54,000
41,000,000 900 36,900,000 2,214,000
3,500.000 900 3,150,000 378,000
'440,000.000 810 356,400,000 27,799,000
92,900,000 750 69,675,000 4,390,000
200,000 500 100,000 22.000
300,000 420 126,000 38,000
200,000 500 100,000 27,000
500.000 600 300,000 51,000
Missouri 1,416,000 1,050,000 7,035,000
North Dakota 250 000 225 000 1 620 000
South Dakota 604,000 500,000 3.500,000
\ebraska 374 000 240 000 1 776 000
Kansas 341000 205000 1456003
Kentucky 1 155 000 725 000 3 552 009
Tennessee 6G1 000 435 000 1 914 000
\labama 119 000 106 000 * 403*000
Mississippi 208,000 155,000 527,000
Louisiana 185,000 145,000 536 000
1,368,400,000 775.1 1,060,587,000 96.041,000
RICE.
Acres. Yield. bu. Bushels. Value.
200,000 21.0 4,000 $3 000
.. 3,700,000 24.3 90,000 81,000
900,000 29.3 26,000 23,000
Texas . . 2 156 000 1 600 000 9 280 000
Oklahoma 95,000 70,000 490,000
Arkansas 1 9 4 000 90 000 406 000
Montana 3,941,000 3,725,000 28,682,000
Wvoming 4,338000 3,630,000 29,010000
Colorado 1,839,000 1,250,000 7,500,000
New Mexico 3,410,00) 3,325,000 18,620,000
Arizona 1,849,000 950,000 5,985000
Missouri . .
Alabama . .
Mississippi
Louisiana .
Texas
200,000 50.0 10,000 10,000
300,000 25.0 8,000 6,000
.. 1,800,000 25.0 45,000 40,000
..401,000,000 34.2 13,714,000 12,343,000
..260,000,000 30.5 7,930,000 7,058,000
Utah 2,08^ 000 1800000 13320000
Nevada . 1 532 000 765 000 5 890 000
Idaho 3102000 1935000 15,286,'GOO
Washington 5-38000 *460 O'X) 3818000
Oregon 2,563,000 1,950.000 15,600,000
Arkansas .
California ..
U. States.
State.
Wisconsin . .
..100,000.000 48.4 4,840,000 4,598,000
.. 34,000,000 66.7 2,268,000 2,041,000
California 2,450,000 1,900,000 11,590,000
United States 49 16? 000 36 698 000 288 777 000
..802,600,000 36.1 28,947,000 26,212,000
FLAXSEED.
Acres. Yield, bu. Bushels. Value.
7,000 13.5 108000 $169000
In 1915 .. .49956000 296175000
APPLE PRODUCTION IN 1915.
State. *Barrels. State. *Barrels.
Maine 720,000 South Dakota.. 100,000
New Hampshire 353,000 Nebraska 1,267,000
Vermont 324,000 Kansas 2,125,000
Minnesota .
Iowa
.... 300,000 10.5 2,930,000 5,544,000
.... 18,000 9.0 190,000 243,000
N. Dakota..
S. Dakota..
Nebraska ...
Kansas ....
660,000 9.9 6,972,000 11,531,003
.... 150.000 11.0 2,400,000 2,756,000
7,000 11.0 49,000 113,000
.... 36,000 5.7 270,000 297,000
Massachusetts. 885,000 Kentucky 4,170,000
Rhode Island.. 59.000 Tennessee 2,025,000
Connecticut 511,000 Alabama 532000
New York 8,528,000 Mississippi ... 141,000
Montana . . .
Wyoming . . .
Colorado . . .
.... 180,000 10.5 2,560,000 3,213.000
2,000 130 38000
Pennsylvania ..5,085,000 Texas 187,000
Delaware 122,000 Oklahoma ..... 780.000
Marvland ... 800,000 Arkansas 1,183,000
Virginia 4,393,000 Montana 347,000
West Virginia. 2,513,000 Wyoming
North Carolina 1,972,000 Colorado 693,000
South Carolina 221,000 New Mexico.... 273,000
Georgia 6*>5 000 Arizona 40,000
1,000 9.4 16.000 11,000
United States. 1,367,000 10.1 15,559,000 24,080,000
DRY BEANS.
State. Acres. Yield, bu. Bushels. Value.
New York.... 130, 000 9.6 1,250,000 $4,362,000
Michigan ....506,000 8.4 4,250,000 12,792,000
California ...225,000 17.0 3,825,000 10,404,000
Ohio 5984000 Utah 142,000
Indiana 3,883,000 Nevada 40,000
Total 861.000 10.8 9,325,000 27,558,000
CRANBERRIES.
State. Acres. Yield, bu. Bushels. Value.
Massachusetts ...10.000 25 250,000 $1,625,000
JJew Jersey 5,700 30 171,000 1,000,000
Illinois 4,716,000 Idaho 57,5,000
Michigan 3,150,000 Washington ... 2,433,000
Wisconsin .... 1473,000 Oregon 1,043,000
Minnesota .... 412.000 California 1.563.000
Iowa 3 220,000 fj States 76 670 000
Missouri 6,287,000 *6f three bushels. '
136
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1!)17.
PERCENTAGE
Kind.
AND PRICE OP
VARIETIES.
Pet. *Price.
Ben Davis ............................... 14.5
Baldwin ................................ 10.9
Winesap ................... , ............ 7.3
Jonathan ............................... 5.9
Greenings .............................. 4.7
Rome Beauty ........................... 4.6
Wealthy ................................ 4.3
Grimes Golden .......................... 3.8
Northern Spy ........................... 3.8
York Imperial .......................... 3.2
Oldenburg ........................... ... 2.9
Cano .................................... 2.4
Stayman Winesap ...................... 2.3
Limbertwig ............................ 2.0
Yellow Newtown (Pippin) ............ 1.7
Fameuse (Snow) ....................... 1.3
Tompkins King ......................... 1.3
Yellow Bellflower ....................... 1.2
Golden Russet .......................... 1.2
Wagener
1.1
Mclntosh .............................. 1.0
Gravenstein ............ -. ................ 9
Others ................................ 17.7
Total ................................. 100.0
*F. o. b. harvest price per barrel.
1.78
COTTON STATISTICS OF UNITED STATES.
Production. Consumption. Exports.
Year. Bales.* Bales.* Bales.*
1790 3,138 11.000 379
1800 73.222 18.829 41.822
1810 177.824 35.656 124,116
1820 334.728 100,000 249.787
1830 732,218 129,938 553960
1840 1,347.640 245.045 1.060i408
1850 2.136,083 422,626 1,854.474
1860 3,841.416 841,975 615.032
1870 4,024.527 1,026,583 2922.757
1880 6,356,998 1,865,922 4,453495
1890 8.562.089 2.604.491 5.850.'219
1900 10,266,527 3,603,516 6,806,572
1910 12,005,688 4,516,779 8,025.991
1911 16.250,276 5,181,826 11,081,332
1912 13,703,421 5,630,835 9,199.093
1913 14.156,486 5,702.639 9,256.028
1914 16,134,930 5,832,592 8,931,253
1915 11,161,000
Equivalent 500 pound bales.
CROPS OF 1916.
[Department of agriculture, Sept. 8.]
1916.
13.8
12.0
24.9
Yield per acre.
1915.
16.2
18.3
16.9
28.2
37.8
32.0
17.2
19.6
95.5
103.3
775.1
10.1
Crop. Bushels.
Winter wheat 455,000.000
Spring wheat 156.000.000
All wheat 611.000,000
Corn 2,710.000,000
Oats 1,231,000.000
Barley 184,000,000
Rye 41,900.000
Buckwheat 15.800.000
Potatoes, white 318.000.000
Potatoes, sweet 69,300,000
Tobacco, Ibs ...1,224.000.000
Flax 14,900,000
Rice 32.800.000
Hay, tame, tons 86,200.000 1.6 1.6
Cotton, bales 11,800,000 158.5 170.3
Apples, brls 67.700.000
Peaches 36,900,000
ESTIMATES BY STATES.
Corn. *Wheat. Oats.
State. Bushejs. Bushels. Bushels.
Alabama 52,703,000
Arkansas 43.474,000
Georgia 64.680,000
Illinois 336.740,000 169,258,000
Indiana 185,784,000 55,412.000
Iowa 372,690,000 184,036,000
23.8
15.3
19.3
87.7
94.2
875.0
9.4
36.0
1.6
158.5
29.180.000
Corn. * Wheat.
State. Bushels. Bushels.
Kansas 56,002,000
Kentucky 114.345,000
Louisiana 45,710,000
Michigan 47.838,000
Minnesota 78.994,000
Mississippi 52.38J.OOO
Missouri 149.085.000
Nebraska 198,601,000
New York
North Caiolina... 55,418,000
North Dakota
..120.221.000
.. 61.104,000
57,908.000
9.M46.000
Oats.
Bushels.
42,223,000
41,494.000
89,504,000
So'. 891 1666
77,216,000
31,621.000
Ohio
Oklahoma . . .
Pennsylvania
South Dakota
Tennessee 89,158,000
Texas 145.049,000
Virginia 58,808,000
Washington 18,443,000
Wisconsin 59,108,000
*Spring wheat.
58,039.000
51,201,000
22,183,000 54,276,000
74,628,000
NUMBER AND VALUE OF LIVE STOCK (1916).
Farm animals. Number. Av.price. Total value.
Horses ...-......* 21,166,000 $101.60 $2,150,468,000
Mules 4,565,000 113.87 519,824,000
Milch cows 21,988,000 53.90 1,185.119,000
Other cattle 39,453,000 33.49 1,321,135,000
Sheep 49,162,000 5.17 254,348,000
Swine 68,047,000 8.40 571,890,000
The states having the largest number of farm
animals of each of the above kinds Jan. 1,
1916, were :
Horses Iowa, 1,584,000: Illinois, 1,452,000; Texas,
1,180,000; Kansas. 1,109.000; Missouri, 1.094.000;
Nebraska, 1,028,000; Ohio, 901,000; Minnesota,
872,000; Indiana. 854,000; North Dakota, 801.000;
South Dakota. 759.000; Oklahoma, 743,000; Wis-
consin, 712,000; Michigan, 680,000; New York,
609,000; Pennsylvania, 602,000.
Mules Texas, 768.000; Missouri. 329,000; Georgia,
315,000; Mississippi, 292.000; Oklahoma, 282,000;
Alabama, 281,000 ; Tennessee. 272,000 ; Kansas,
245,000; Arkansas, 240,000; Kentucky, 229,000.
Milch cows Wisconsin, 1,675,000; New York,
1,530,000; Iowa, 1,391,000; Minnesota, 1,210,000;
Texas, 1,119,000; Illinois, 1,047,000; Pennsylvania,
971,000; Ohio, 922.000; Michigan, 847.000; Mis-
souri. 837,000; Kansas, 762,000; Indiana, 672,000;
Nebraska, 650,000; California, 568,000.
Cattle (other than milch cows) Texas, 5,121,000;
Iowa, 2,737,000; Nebraska. 2,237,000; Kansas,
1,945,000 ; Missouri, 1,555,000 ; California, 1,554,-
000; Wisconsin. 1,313,000; Illinois, 1,239,000; Min-
nesota, 1,232.000; Oklahoma, 1.186.000; Colorado,
1,096,000; New Mexico, 1.090,000; South Dakota,
1.064,000: New York, 939.000 \ Montana, 894,000:
Ohio, 872.000; Arizona, 838.000: Florida, 772,000;
Indiana, 723,000; Georgia, 686,000; Pennsylvania,
657,000.
Sheep Wyoming, 4,338,000: Montana. 3,941,000;
New Mexico, 3,440.000; Idaho. 3,102,000; Ohio,
3.067.000; Oregon. 2,563,000; California, 2,450.000;
Texas. 2,156.000; Utah, 2,089.000; Arizona, 1,849,.
000; Colorado. 1.839,000; Nevada, 1,532,000; Mis-
souri, 1,416,000: Iowa, 1,274,000; Indiana, 1,058,-
000: Illinois. 907.000: Pennsylvania, 856,000; New
York. 849.000; West Virginia, 796,000; Virginia,
734,000; Wisconsin, 664,000.
Swine Iowa, 9.069.000; Missouri, 4,505,000; Illi-
nois. 4.489.000; Nebraska. 4.266.000; Indiana,
4,167,000; Ohio, 3,713,000; Texas, 3,197,000; Kan-
sas, 2.815.000: Georgia, 2.348,000: Wisconsin,
2.142,000; Minnesota, 1,716,000; Alabama, 1.715,-
000; Kentucky, 1,709.000; Mississippi. 1,615.000;
North Carolina. 1,601.000; Arkansas, 1,589.000;
Louisiana. 1.553.000; Tennessee, 1,531.000; Okla-
homa, 1.491.000; Michigan, 1,462,000; South Da-
kota, 1,314,000 : Pennsylvania, 1,210,000 ; West
Virginia, 1,027,000.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
131
PROPORTION OF IMPORTANT CROPS PRODUCED IN THE LEADING FIVE STATES, 1915.
[From department of agriculture report, 1916.]
caw* maieasm^^^^mMf^^smitm^=^r^ j
vfff, s- ^^^ ^ /we*. ^^|^Q
"'"
*"*
*""
""* "" '"*'
corro/v
&.C-. **.*.
*"
AVERAGE VALUE PER HEAD OF FARM ANIMALS.
1916.
On Jan. 1 of years indicated.
1915. 1914. 1913.
1911. 1910. 1900-9. 1890-9. 1880-9. 1870-9.
Horses $101.60 $103.33 $109.32 $110.77 $105.94 $111.67 $108.19 $71.99' $48.24 $67.78 $62.07
Mules 113.87
Milch cows 53.90
Other cattle 33.49
Sheep 5.00
Swine 8.40
112.36
53.33
33.38
4.50
9.87
123.85
53.94
31.13
4.04
10.40
124.31
45.02
3.94
9.85
120.51
39.39
21.20
3.46
125.62
40.49
20.85
3.73
9.35
119.84
35.79
19.41
4.08
9.14
30.12
1809
3.13
6.46
58.79 76.63 75.65
23.35 26.65 27.27
16.53 1977 17.54
2.23 2.21 2.32
4.81 5.18 4.76
January Australia. New Zealand, Chile. Argen-
tine Republic.
February and March Upper Egypt. India.
A^ril Lower Egypt. India. "Syria, Cyprus.
Persia, Asia Minor, Mexico. Cuba
May Texas, Algeria, Central ' Asia, China,
Japan. Morocco.
June California. Oregon. Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennes-
see. Virginia. Kentucky. Kansas. Arkansas. Utah.
Colorado. Missouri, Turkey, Greece, Italy, Spain,
Portugal, south of France.
July New England, New York, Pennsylvania.
WHEAT HARVEST CALENDAR.
Ohio. Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Iowa, Wiscon-
sin, southern Minnesota. Nebraska, upper Can-
ada. Roumania. Bulgaria. Austria. Hungary,
south of Russia, Germany, Switzerland, south of
England.
August Central and northern Minnesota, Da-
kotas. Manitoba, lower Canada. British Colum-
bia, Belgium, Holland, Great Britain, Denmark,
Poland, central Russia.
September and October Scotland, Sweden, Nor-
way, north of Russia.
November Peru, South Africa.
December Burma. New South Wales.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS.
WHEAT.
Exports Bushels.
Argentina .... 36,028,000
Australia .... 52,878.000
British India. 26,130 000
Canada 70.302,000
Chile 149.000
Netherlands... 37,433.000
Russia 88,533,000
United States. 173,862,000
Imports
Brazil 14.047.000
Brit. S. Africa 3.7S2.000
Denmark .... 2.942,000
France 60,882,000
Italy 37.327,000
Netherlands... 51.366.000
Spain 15.52S.OCO
Sweden 4,432.000
Switzerland., lfi.200.000
Utd. kingdom. 192, 725.000
WHEAT FLOUR.
Exports Barrels.
Argentina 757.000
Australia 1.778.000
British India.. 683.000
Canada 4.671.000
Chile ."4.000
Netherlands.... 115,000
Figures are chiefly for calendar year 1914.
Exports Barrels.
Russia 947,000
United States.12,768,000
Imports
Brazil 1,503 000
Imports Bushels.
'Netherlands ..25,512,000
Norway 1,609,000
Russia 413,000
Spain 7 960 000
Imports Gallons.
Brazil 383,000
Canada 4,079,000
Egypt 74,000
Ita'ly 702,000
Brit. S. Africa 706,000
Denmark 552,000
France 1 047 000
Sweden 2,173,000
Switzerland .. 3,068,000
Utd. kingdom..75, 499.000
COTTON.
Exports Biles.
Brazil 140 000
Norway 1,881,000
Utd. kingdom. 6,193,000
OIL CAKE AND MEAL.
Exports Pounds.
Argentina . 38.967.000
Brit. India . 334.141.000
Canada .... 35,567,000
China 190.672.000
Egypt 176.3S9.000
Italy 120.607.000
Russia .... 935,683.000
Un. kingdom 73.295.000
tin. States.. 1,579,171,000
Imports Pounds.
Canada 15.625.000
Italy 2.471,000
Norwav 83.044.000
Un. kingdom.. 731. 264.000
rXMAXUFACTrRED
TOBACCO.
Exports
Brazil . . 59 481 000
^talv 17 000
Netherlands.... 1,598,000
Spain 10000
Sweden 102.000
Utd. kingdom. 5,622,000
COBN.
Exports Bushels.
Argentina ....139,461.000
Brit. S. Africa 4,778,000
Netherlands... 4,337,000
Russia 11.251.000
United States 17,022,000
Uruguay 3,000
Imports
Brit. S. Africa 6.000
Canada 8,347000
1 British India.. 2,791,000
China 184,000
Egypt 1,225.000
Peru 79 000
United States. 6,873,000
Imports Bales
/Canada 152000
Italv 879 000
Russia 647.000
Spain . 389 000
Utd. kingdom. 3,447.003
United States. 332,000
COTTON SEED OIL.
Exports Gallons.
Egypt ... 491 000
Cuba 2.890,000
Denmark 10,346.000
Egypt 687,000
France 16,321,000
Italy . .. 3.308.000
Utd. kingdom. 8.213.000
United States. 28.841. 000
British India. 23.349,000
138
ALMANAC AND YEAH-BOOK FOR 1917.
Exports Pounds.
Cuba 36,868,000
Imports Pounds.
Br. S. Africa 48,883.000
Canada .... 691,166,000
Chile 185,425,000
China 810,731,000
Egypt 27,964,000
Italy 10.774,000
Norway .... 129.582,000
Un. tcingd'm3,761,740,000
Un. States.. 5,417, 995, 000
TEA.
Exports-
British Imlia.292,607,000
China 199 440 000
Imports Pounds.
Exports Pounds.
Italy 9,310,000
Norway 2,152,000
Russia 116,139,000
United States. 3,688,000
Imports
Brazil . . . 2 364 000
Philippines .. 28,848,000
Russia 9,678,000
Un. States.... 347, 295, 000
Imoorts
Argentina .... 2.221,000
British India. 5,914.000
Canada 16,934,000
China ... 15 781 000
Norway 5', 709^000
Russia 62,728,000
Spain 645,000
Un. kingdom 154,655,000
TURPENTINE.
Exports Gallons.
Russia 1,439,000
Spain 1,052,000
United States. 11,118,000
Imports
Argentina .... 488,000
Canada 1,152,000
Chile 140,000
Brit. S. Africa 3,924,000
Canada 7,250,000
Egypt 1,945,000
Russia 2,095,000
Egypt 17,'077,'000
Italy 41,425,000
Norway 4,639,000
Spain 35,677,000
Un. kingdom.. 154,437.000
Un. States... 57,407,000
RICH.
Exports
Brit. India.. 4,520,152,000
France 59,389000
Un. kingdom.. 436,019,000
CHEESE.
Exports
Formosa 22,936,000
Imports
Argentina ... 3,103,000
British India. 8,816,000
Brit. S. Africa 6,374,000
Canada 39 035 000
igg_ && Italy 65.409.000
Un. kingdom.. 5,031,000
RUBBER.
Exports
Bolivia 9,887,000
Brazil 73,924,000
Peru 5 009 000
United States. 3,797,000
Imports
Argentina .... 8,453,000
Brazil 3,288,000
Netherlands. 501,507,000
Imports-
Brazil 14,407,000
Chile 2 787 000
China 22,684,000
Russia 159,992,000
Brit. S. Africa 5,300,000
Cuba 4,229,000
British India. 331, 065, 000
China . . 903 235 000
Utd. kingdom. 317. 664,000
United States. 97,816,000
COFFEE
Exports Pounds.
Brazil .-. 1,490,715,000
British India 39,973,000
Colombia ... 136.500,000
Costa Rica.. 39,059,000
Nicaragua .. 22,817,000
Salvador ... 76,425,000
Un. 'States.. 48,179,000
Venezuela .. 121,000,000
Imports
Argentina .. 30,925,000
B. S. Africa. 25,820,000
Cuba 17,672,000
Venezuela ' 252^000
Imports
Canada 5,108,000
Egypt 5,953,000
Italy 9,836,000
Russia 4,048,000
Spain 5,150,000
Cuba 254*150000
Egypt 110,9331000
France 591,380,000
Netherlands. . .774,456,000
Philippines ..213,673,000
Un . k i ngdom . . 756 , 144 , 000
Un. States.... 225.064, 000
HOPS
Exports
Russia 253,000
Utd. kingdom.. 1,117,000
United States.11,056,000
Imports
British India.. 118,000
Brit. S. Africa 442,000
Canada 1,613,000
Russia 228,000
Utd. kingdom.. 9,362,000
United States. 7,483,000
SUGAR.
Exports
Argentina .. 142.616,000
Brazil 70.239,000
Brit. India . 43,207,000
China 19.040.000
Cuba 5,574.683,000
Egypt 29,398,000
Peru 389,488.000 1
Philippines . 521,385,000
Russia 257,484.000
Un. kingd'm 33,975,000
Imports
Argentina .. 14,468,000
Brit. India.. 1,211,769,000!
I
Year.
1897
Russia 25,026,000
Un. kingdom.. 41,596,000
United States.143,065,000
WOOD PULP.
Exports
Canada 849,766,000
Norway 1,390,451,000
Russia 6 500 000
Un. kingdom.. 266,591,000
United States. 55,477,000
WOOL.
Exports
Argentina ....258,533,000
Australia 414,286,000
Brit. India.... 44,705,000
Br. S. Africa.152,851,000
Chile 27 043 000
Un. States.. 24,674,000
Imports
Argentina .. 51,441,000
Italy 193,943,000
Russia 62,800,000
Spain 87,233,000
Un. kingdom2,201, 302,000
Un. States.. 1,351,130, 000
BUTTER.
Exports
Argentina .... 7,676,000
Australia 56,163000
China 44,821,000
Peru 10 665 000
Russia 16,431,000
Egypt 13,116,000
Italy 62,176,000
Norway 25,665,000
Russia 18,214,000
Spain 30,280,000
Un. kingdom 28,846,000
Un. States.. 1,011,072,000
ROSIN.
Exports-
Russia 41,494,000
Spain 19,148,000
Un. kingdom.. 38,848,000
Uruguay 98 298 000
Imports
Brit. India.... 22,749,000
Canada 9,51f,000
Russia 64,172,000
Un. kingdom.. 498,192,000
United States. 260,193,000
[PORTS BY YEARS.
1910 $871 158 425
Canada . . . . 2 500 000
"AGRICULTURAL EJ
1901 $951 628 331
United States.489,580,000
Imports
Argentina .... 35,463,000
1902 857,113.533
1903 878,480,557
1904 859,160.264
1911 . 1,030,794.402
1912 1.050,627.131
1913 1,123.021.469
British India. 3,535,000
Canada 22,883,000
Chile 4,515,000
1906 976,047.104
1907 1,054,405,416
1908 1 017 396 404
1915 1,470,000,000-
'Domestic, from the
United States.
f Animals and %
animal products.
Value. JPct.
$1,441,739,093 36.4
1,579,376,282 36.4
1,718,365,561 36.4
1,817,653,243 36.3
1,916,940,925 36.2
2,016,228,607 36.0
2,115,516,288 35.9
2,140,102,135 35.0
2,261,344,604 36.0
2,501,076,070 37.0
2,726,876,783 36.4
2,792,332,973 35.4
3,071,000,000 35.9
3,551,017,194 39.3
3,257,116,809 36.9
3,500,569,700 37.5
3,716,753,549 37.7
3,783,276,511 38.2
3,849,397,741 36.7
Cuba 4,239,000
1909 $903.238.122
STIMATED VALUE C
Total.
.. $3.960.821.685
IF FARM PRODUCTS.
, Crops. N
Value. JPct.
$2,519,082,592 63.6
2,759,569,547 63.6
2,998,704,412 63.6
3,191,941,763 63.7
3,385,179,114 63.8
3,578,416,465 64.0
3,771,653,816 64.1
3,981.675,866 65.0
4,012,652,758 64.0
4,263,134,353 63.0
4,761,111,839 63.6
5,098,292,549 64.6
5,487,161,223 64.1
5,486,373,550 60.7
5,562,058,150 63.1
5,842,220,449 62.5
6,132,758,962 62.3
6,111,684,020 61.8
6,652,288,634 63.3
. ^Percentage of whole.
1898. 4 338 945 829
1899* . .. .. 4,717,069,973
1900. . 5 009 595 006
1901 5,302,120,039
190'' K M4 R45 (\79.
1903
5.887,170,104
fi 121 778 001
1904
1905 6,273,997,362
1906 . .. fi 7fi4 ?10 4?2
19Q7
190S
1909 5
7,487,988,622
7,890,625,522
8,558,161,223
, 9.037.390.744
1910
19 1 ! 8 819 174 9^9
191i> 9,342,790,149
19:3 9,849,512,511
1914 9 894 960 531
1915-f .. 10501686375
*Census. fPreliminary
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
139
ESTIMATED VALUE PER
, Plow lands, 1916 x
Av.for Av.for Av.for
State and division. poor. good. all.
Maine . *21 nn $4^ nn $99 nn
ACRE OF FARM LAND.
Without improvements. With improvements.
1916. 1915. 1912. 1916. 1915. 1912
$17.00 $15.00 $15.00 $37.00 $36.00 $36.00-
18.00 15.00 15.00 38.00 37.00 34.00
23.00 21.00 15.00 40.00 37.00 34.00-
36.00 32.00 26.00 75.00 72.00 66.00
50.00 50.00 39.00 100.00 95.00 60.00-
33.00 31.00 28.00 62.00 60.00 55.00
42.00 39.00 36.00 67.00 63.00 65.00
55.00 50.00 E6..DO 100.00 90.00 93.00
41.00 37.00 35.00 65.00 64.00 53.00
New Hampshire . . .
... 24.00 50 00 37 00
Vermont .
9g 00 57 00 41 00
Massachusetts
34.00 91 00 6** 00
Rhode Island
41 00 80 00 60 00
Connecticut
34.00 70.00 49.00
New York
. ... 34.00 68.00 53.00
.... 43.00 89.00 65.00
.... 32.00 66.00 50.00
Pennsylvania
North Atlantic ....
.. 32.12 66.41 50.17
.... 33.00 68.00 50.00
. . . 28.00 57.00' 46.00
22 00 46 00 34 00
36.71 33.48 31.25 64.30 61.41 57.97
43.00 38.00 37.00 64.00 63.00 60.00
40.00 35.00 27.00 60.00 56.00 42.00
28.00 23.00 22.00 42.00 34.00 34.00
27.00 22.00 21.00 39.00 34.00 32.00
23.00 20.00 17.00 37.00 33.00 28.00
21.00 18.00 20.00 32.00 30.00 34.00
18.00 15.00 16.00 28.00 24.00 26.00
23.00 18.00 21.00 52.00 40.00 45.00
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia
North Carolina
. ... 22.00 49.00 36.00
21 00 42 00 31 00
South Carolina
Georgia
. ... 20.00 42.00 31.00
16 00 32 00 24 00
Florida
.. . 19.00 35.00 26.00
South Atlantic ..
. ... 19.95 40.81 30.52
23.79 30.00 19.36 38.02 33.06 32.16
67.00 63.00 56.00 91.00 86.00 77.00
78.00 72.00 64.00 98.00 90.00 82.00
106.00 100.00 96.00 130.00 126.00 119.00
42.00 35.00 31.00 65.00 61.00 54.00
62.00 52.00 43.00 90-00 80.00 63.00
Ohio
52.00 95 00 75 00
.... 57.00 106.00 84.00
. ... 80.00 139.00 115.00
32 00 64 00 51 00
Illinois
Wisconsin
N. C. E. Miss. R..,
Minnesota
. ... 51.00 92.00 74.00
.. 59.56 107.33 86.84
45 00 73 00 61 00
74.95 68.48 62.27 100.67 94.89 85.92
54.00 50.00 41.00 75.00 70.00 56.00
125.00 108.00 83.00 153.00 134,00 106.00
50.00 43.00 37.00 65.00 59.00 54.00
29.00 26.00 24.00 37.00 34.00 30.00
47.00 45.00 37.00 60.00 58.00 48.00
62.00 56..00 58.00 76.00 71.00 74.00
45.00 40.00 39.00 58.00 53.00 53.00
....101.00 156.00 135.00
42 00 74 00 59 00
North Dakota
. .. 22.00 36.00 30.00
South Dakota
. ... 40.00 61.00 53.00
49 00 85 00 72 00
36 00 6 00 51 00
N. C. W Miss R..
. 49 91 81 38 68 68
59.68 53.14 46.54 78.21 71.12 62.67
29.00 26.00 23.00 41.00 38.00 33.00
29.00 25.00 20.00 42.00 38.00 33.00
13.00 12.00 12.00 20.00 20.00 19.00
14.00 11.00 12.00 23.00 20.00 20.00
19.00 19.00 20.00 27.00 30.00 35.00
28.00 26.00 22.00 39.00 39.00 36.00
23.00 20.00 20.00 31.00 29.00 29.00
16.00 12.00 12.00 27.00 24.00 24.00
Kentucky
22 00 47 00 35 00
Tennessee
... 22 00 53.00 ' 37 00
Alabama
12 00 21 00 16 00
Mississippi
. . . 12.00 26.00 18.00
15 00 31 00 24 00
Louisiana
Texas
2'* 00 45 00 34 00
Oklahoma . .
17 00 36 00 27 00
Arkansas
... 14.00 31.00 22 00
S. Central
. .. 17.92 37.93 28 04
24.09 21.68 19.34 33.38 31.83 29.96
24.00 22.00 21.00 34.00 35.00 36.00
22.00 20.00 18.00 33.00 35.00 32.00
42.00 35.00 40.00 60.00 65.00 66.00
30.00 27.00 23.00 45.00 50.00 48.00
60.00 55.00 50.00 80.00 90.00 80.00
65.00 60.00 45.00 90.00 85.00 80.00
55.00 40.00 31.00 85.00 85.00 70.00
49.00 44.00 45.00 64.00 66.00 66.00
64.00 58.00 50.00 102.00 99.00 100.00
48.00 45.00 46.00 70.00 75.00 75.00
110.00 100.00 70.00 180.00 175.00 107.00
58.40 52.55 43.61 102.58 102.00 80.92
45.55 40.85 36.23 69.45 64.82 57.89
[TIES OF THE UNITED STATES.
report for 1910.]
Per Per
Counties. acre, capita.
LaSalle Co., 111. . . . $17 $113
Montana i
17 00 40 00 29 00
Wyoming
.... 18.00 34.00 27.00
Colorado
27.00 68 00 50 00
20 00 42 00 31 00
Arizona
Utah
... 50.00 100.00 80.00
38 00 80 00 60 00
Nevada
Idaho
. ... 32.00 80.00 60.00
34 00 68 00 53 00
Washington
. . . 45.00 110.00 75.00
36 00 80 00 60 00
California
Far Western
... 50.00 135.00 95.00
. . . 36.78 89.72 64 44
United States '.....
BANNER
Counties.
Los Angeles Co., Cal..
... 40.08 72.79 58.39
AGRICULTURAL COUL
[From government
Rank. Val. products.
1 $14,720.900
Lancaster Co., Pa
.. 2 13,059,600
McLean Co., til
3 12 811 500
Aroostook Co., Me '. 23 138
*City of Los Angeles with population of 320.-
000 accounts for low per capita rate.
PRINCIPAL CROPS RAISED.
Los Angeles Co.. Cal. Fruits, hay, live stock,
dairy products, vegetables.
Lancaster Co., Pa. Corn, wheat, oats, live
stock, dairy products.
McLean Co., 111. Corn, wheat, oats, cereals.
Whitman Co., Wash. Corn, wheat, oats, cereals.
Livingston Co., 111. Corn, wheat, oats, cereals.
Iroquois Co., 111. Corn, wheat, oats, cereals.
LaSalle Co., 111. Corn, wheat, oats, cerpnls.
Arcostook Co., Me. Potatoes and other vege-
tables.
Whitman Co Wash
4 12 540 700
Livingston Co.. 111. ..
Iroquois Co., Ill
LaSalle Co.. Ill
Aroostook Co. , Me
5 11.377.300
6 10,607,800
7 10.222.200
8 10 151 000
VALUE PER ACRE
Counties.
Los Angeles Co Cal
AND PER CAPITA.
Per Per
acre, capita.
$35 *$9
Lancaster Co.. Pa
McLean Co 111
28 78
18 188
Whitman Co., Wash. .
Livingston Co., Ill
14 377
18 188
Iroquois Co., 111.
. 16 293
140
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017.
FARMS AND FARM PROPERTY IN THE UNITED
[From census bureau report.]
SUMMARY I
Population
Urban population!
Rural population:!
Number of all farms
Land area of the country, acres
Land in farms, acres
Improved laud in farms, acres
Average icreage per farm
Average improved acreage per farm
Per cent of total land area in farms
Per cent of land in farms improved
Per cent of total land area improved
Value of farm property, total
Land 28,475,674,169
Buildings
Implements and machinery
Domestic animals, poultry- and bees
Average value of all property per farm
Av. value of all property per acre of laud in farms
Average value of laud per acre
STATES.
R 1910 AND
1900.
Increase,
*
1910 (Apr. 15).
1900 (June 1).
Amount.
i'r. ct.
91,972,266
75,994,575
15,977,691
21.0
42,623,383
31,609,645
11.013,738
34.8
49,348,883
44,384,930
4,963.953
11.2
6,361,502
5,737,372
624,130
10.9
1,903,289,600
1,903,461,760
172.160
878,798,325
838,591,774
40,206,551
' 4!s
478,451,750
414,498,487
63,953,263
15.4
138.1
146.2
8.1
5.5
75.2
72.2
3.0
4.2
46.2
44.1
54.4
49.4
25 1
21.8
$40,991,449,090
$20,439,901,164
$20,551,547,926
100.5
28,475,674,169
13,058,007,995
15,417,666,174
118.1
6,325,451,528
3,556,639,496
2,768,812,032
77.8
1,265,149,783
749,775,970
515,373,813
68.7
4,925,173,610
3,075,477,703
1,849,695,907
60.1
6,444
3,563
2,881
80.9
46.64
24.37
22.27
91.4
32.40
15.57
16.83
108.1
*A minus sign ( ) denotes decrease. fPopula-
tion of incorporated places having, in 1910, 2,500
or more inhabitants. The figure for 1900 does not
represent the urban population according to that
FARMS, FARM LAND AND FARM PROPERTY (1870
1910. 1900. 1890.
Population 91,972,266 75,994,575 62,947,714
Number of all farms 6,361,502 5,737,372 4,564,641
Land area of the country, acres 1,903,289,600 1,903,461,760 1,903,337,600
Laud in farms, acres 878,798,325 838,591,774 623,218,619
Improved land in farms, acres 478,451,750 414,498,487 357,616,755
Average acreage per farm 138.1 146.2 136.5
Average improved acreage per farm 75.2 72.2 78.3
Fer cent of total land area in farms 46.2 44.1 32.7
Per cent of land in farms improved. 54.4 49.4 57.4
Per cent of total land area improved 25.1 21.8 18.8
Value of farm property, total $40,991,449,090 $20,439, 901, 164$16, 082,267,689
Land and buildings , 34,801,125,69* 16,614,647,49113,279,252,649
Implements and machinery 1,265,149,783 749,775,970 494,247,467
Domestic animals.poultry and bees 4,925.173,610 3,075,477,703 2,308,767,573
A v. value of all property per farm... 6,444 3,563 3,523
Average value of all property per acre
of land in farms 46.64 24.37 25.81
Average value of land and buildings
per acre 39.60 19.81 21.31
AGRICULTURAL INCREASE SINCE 1850.
census, but is the population in that year of the
territory classified as urban in 1910. JTotal, ex-
clusive of urban.
TO 1900).
1880.
50,155,783
4,008,907
1,903,337,600
536,081,835
284,771,042
133.7
71.0
28.2
E3.1
15.0
$12,180,501,538
10,157,096,776
406,526,055
1,576,884,707
3,038
22.72
19.02
1870.
38,558,371
2,659,985
1,903,337,600
407,735,041
188,921,099
153.3
71.0
21.4
46.3
9.9
$8,944,857,749
7,444,054,462
270,913,678
1,229,889,609
3,363
21.94
18.26
Period. Population.
1900-1910 15,977.691
1890-1900 13,046,861
1880-1890 12,791,931
1870-1880 11,597,412
1860-1870 7,115,050
1850-1860 8,251,445
1880-1910 Amount 41,816,483
Per cent 83.4
1850-1880 Amount 26,963,907
Per cent 116.3
1850-1910 Amount
Per cent
Farms.
624,130
1,172,731
555,734
1,248,922
615,908
595,004
2,352,595
58.7
2,559,834
176.6
Acres.*
40,206,551
215,373.155
87,136,784
128,346,794
522,503
113,651,924
342,716,490
63.9
242,521,221
82.6
Improved. f
63,953,263
56,881,732
72,845,713
95,849,943
25,810,379
50,078,106
Value.t
$20,551,547,926
4,357,633,475
3,901,766,151
3,235,643,789
964,364.686
4,013,149,483
193,680,708
68.0
171,738,428
151.9
28,810,947,552
236.5
8,213,157,958
207.0
4,912,429 585,237,711 365,419,136
296.6 339.0 199.4 323.3
'In farms, t Improved land in farms. JOf farm property.
Division.
New England
NUMBER OF FARM
Total. Owners.
188,802 168,408
OPERATORS (1910).
Total number farm
managers, 58.104; negro
owners, 678,118 tenants E
WHITE FARMER
Born in Number.
United States.. 4.763.25C
Austria 33.336
Hungary 3.827
England 39.72.S
Ireland 33.180
Scotland 10.220
Wales 4.110
France 5.832
Germany 221 800
tenants, 2.354,676; farm
farmers, 920,883 (241,221
ud 1,544 managers).
S BY NATIVITY.
Born in Number.
Poland 7 228
Middle Atlantic
. .. 468 379 355, Oo6
East North Control
1 123 489 809.044
West North Central
South Atlantic
1,109,948 758.946
1 111 881 593 154
East South Central
1 042 480 510 452
West South Central
943,186 440,905
Denmark 28 375
Mountain
183,446 160,844
Norway 59.742
Sweden 67.543
Switzerland .... 14.333
Other European 17.689
Canada 61.873
Pacific
189,891 151,933
United States
6 361 502 3,948,722
The North
. 2 890 618 2 091,434
The South
3 097 547 1 544 511
All other 10.333
Not reported 7.807
Total 5.440.619
The West
373 337 312 777
East of Mississippi river..
West of MississlDDl rivor.
3,935,031 2,436,094
...2.426.471 1,512.628
Holland 13.790
Italy .. 10.614
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR J917.
141
State.
Alabama
Arizona
Arkansas
California
White. Colored.
. 152,458 110.443
6.024 3.203
. 151.085 63.593
72,542 3,078
FARMERS BY
State.
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts .
Michigan
Minnesota
STATES (1910).
White. Colored.
. 59,987 29
. 42,551 6,372
. 36.793 12-1
. 206,014 946
Inn 844 293
State.
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania .
Rhode Island..
South Carolina.
South Dakota..
Tennessee
White. Colored.
. 169,521 20,671
. 44,875 627
. 218,749 546
5,251 41
. 70,636 96,798
. 74,836 2.808
. 207,704 33.308
Colorado
Connecticut . . .
Delaware
Dist. Columbia
Florida
. 45.596 574
26.702 113
9.914 U22
205 12
. 35.295 14,721
168 468 122 559
Mississippi 109,645 164,737
Missouri 273,578 3,666
Montana 25,018 1,196
Nebraska 129.216 462
Nevada 2,528 161
New "Hampshire 27,038 15
New Jersey 33,011 476
New Mexico 33,528 2,148
New York 214 ?; Q?Q
Texas
Utah
. 347.852 69.918
21 400 276
Vermont
. 32,689 20
Idaho .
. 30,402 405
Virginia
Washington . .
West Virginia.
. 135.904 48,114
. 55,067 1,125
. 95,977 708
176 536 591
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
. 250,447 1,425
. 214,680 805
. 216,843 201
. 176,150 1.691
North Carolina.
North Dakota..
Ohio
. 188,069 65,656
. 73,617 743
270 095 1 950
Wyoming
Tntnl
. 10,922 65
Louisiana 65.667 54.879
NOTE Colored farmers include
760 Chinese and 2,502 Japanese. 1
her of Indian farmers were fou
(7.459). Arizona (3.159). South Dal
K 440 R19 99(1 882
24,251 Indians,
"he largest ntim-
id in Oklahoma
wta (2.740). New
Mexico (2.087). North Carolina (1.987) Montana
(1.146), New York (635) Washington (673). Cali-
fornia (628) and Wisconsin (541). There were 512
Chinese and 1,816 Japanese farmers in California.
CROPS OF THE UNITED STATES IN 1909.
[Officially reported by the bureau of the census.]
179,733
7,129,294
19,415,816
19,512,765
6,671,348
Later and detailed figures on the principal
crops are given elsewhere in this volume.
Crop. Production. Value.
Cereals, bu 4,512,564,465 $2,665,539,714
1,438,553,919
414,697,422
657,656,801
92,458,571
9,330,592
20,421,812
10,816,940
5,584,050
16,019,607
97,536,085
21,771,482
241,060
10,963,739
18,271,515
28,970,554
768,625
15,137,683
1,411,013
824,004,877
104,302,856
703,619,303
121,076,984
61,648,942
19,880,724
10,174,457
26,415,952
5.177,809
18,068,658
5,134,434
412,699
7,844.745
4,676,780
418,110.154
166,423,910
35,429,176
216,257,068
222,024,216
29,974,431
17,913,926
3,909,831
5,132,277
1,755,613
Corn, bu 2,552,189,630
Oats, bu 1,007,142,980
Wheat, bu 683,379,259
Barley, bu 173,344,212
Buckwheat, bu 14,849,332
Rye, bu 29,520,457
Kafir corn, bu 17,597,305
Emmer, spelt, bu 12,702,710
Rough rice, bu 21,838,580
Other grains, seeds
Dry edible beans, bu... 11,251,160
Other beans, bu
Dry peas, bu
Peanuts, bu
Flaxseed, bu
Miscellaneous seeds
Grass seed, bu
Flower, vegetable seeds
Hay and forage, tons 97,453,735
Tobacco, Ibs 1,055,764,806
Cotton, bales 10,649,268
Cotton seed, tons 5,324,634
Sugar crops
Sugar beets, tons 3,392,857
Sorghum cane, tons 1,647,262
Sugar cane, tons 6,240,260
Maple sugar and sirup
Minor crops
Broom corn, Ibs 78,959,958
Hemp, Ibs 7,483,295
Hops, Ibs 40,718,748
All other
Vegetables
Potatoes, bu 389,194.965
Sweet potatoes, bu 59,232,070
Other vegetables
Fruits and nuts
Small fruits, qts 426,565,863
Strawberries, qts 255,702,035
Blackberries, qts 55,343,570
Raspberries, qts 60,918,196
Cranberries, qts 38,243.060
All other, qts 16,359,002
Apples, bu 147,522.318
Peaches, bu 35,470,276
Pears, bu 8,840,733
Plums, prunes, bu 15,480,170
Cherries, bu 4,126.099
Apricots, bu 4,150,263
All other, bu 493,836
Grapes, Ibs 2,571,065,205
Tropical fruits.
Crop. Production. Value.
Pineapples, crates 778,651 $734,090
Olives. Ibs 16,405,493 404.574
All other 143,467
Nuts, Ibs 62,328,010 4,447,674
Almonds, Ibs 6,673,539 711,970
Pecans, Ibs 9,890,769 971,596
Walnuts, Ibs 22,026,524 2,297,336
All other, Ibs 23,617,178 466,772
Flowers, plants 34,872,329
Nursery products 21,050,822
Forest farm products 195,306.283
Total all crops 5,487,161,223
Total, 1899 2,998,704,412
KAFIR CORN AND MILO MAIZE
State. Acres. Bushels.
Arkansas 1.294
California 44,
Colorado 11.971
Kansas 388,495
Missouri 15,543
Nebraska 2,016
New Mexico 63,570
Oklahoma 532,515
Texas 573,384
15,284
938,049
139,234
5,115,415
228,386
20,212
543.350
4,658,752
__5, 860, 444
177597,305
5,169,113
Value.
$12,074
725,704
94,486
3,046,799
152,246
15,712
392,393
2,531,036
3.785,453
10,816,940
1,367,040
United States 1,635,153
Total, 1899 266,513
"Kafir corn and milo maize are cereals belong-
ing to the millet family and used in this country
mainly as feed for live stock. They are making
headway as dry
light rainfall.
farming crops in sections of
LARGEST YIELD PER ACRE OF VARIOUS
CROPS.
[Reported by United States department of
agriculture. ]
(The figures are for 1915 and are in each case
only for areas of from one to fifty acres.)
Wheat 117 bushels, Island county, Wash. ; sec-
ond largest, 108 bushels, Twin Falls county,
Oats 183.7 bushels, Skagit county, Wash. ; sec-
ond, 166 bushels, Logan county, Col.
Barley 122.5 bushels. Twin Falls county, Idaho;
second. 116 bushels, same county.
Oranges, boxes
Lemons, lx>xes
Grapefruit, boxes.
Figs, Ibs.
19.487,481
2,770,313
1,189,250
35.060.395
Orchard fruits, bu 216,083,695
1,262,834 ' Flaxseed 30 bushels, Fergus and Teton counties,
83.231,492 Mont. ; second, 29 bushels, Potter county, S. D.,
28,781,078 and Ottertail county, Minn.
7,910,600 White potatoes 790 bushels, Eldorado county,
10,299,495 Cal. ; second, 743 bushels, Yakima county,
7,231,160 Wash.
2,884,119 'Sweet potatoes 600 bushels, Roane county,
529,403 Tenn. ; second, 575 bushels, Williamsburg coun-
22,027,961 ty, S. C.
24,706,753 Tobacco 3,000 pounds, Effingham county, Ga. ;
17,566,464 second 2,500 pounds, Jefferson county, Ind.
2,993,738 Cotton 6.000 pounds, Toombs county, Ga. ; sec-
2,060,610 ond, 5,000 pounds, Fannin county, Tex.
803.810 Rye 54 bushels, Lincoln county, Neb. ; second,
$140,867,347 47 bushels, Roseau county, Minn.
142
ALM1NAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 3917.
HISTORY OF THE COMMISSION FORM OF GOVERNMENT.
[From census bureau report.]
Washington, D. C., which came under the com-
mission plan on June 11, 1878, by act of con-
gress, was the first city in the United States to
adopt permanently this form of government. The
application of the commission plan to the capi-
tal of the United States grew out of the relation
of the national government to the federal city,
and the capital was not at that time considered
an example to other municipalities. The real
beginning of the movement toward commission
government in American cities was made in Gal-
veston, Tex., in 1901. A destructive storm hav-
ing overwhelmed the city in 1900, leaving it
prostrate financially, the government was placed
in the hands of a commission in the following
year. The experience of Galveston under the
commission plan was such that in 1905 it was
adopted by Houston, Tex. Three more cities
adopted the commission form in the calendar
year 1907, two in
eight in 1909, seven in
1910. fourteen in 1911, fourteen in 1912, twenty
in 1913. seven in 1914 and three in the early part
of 1915. According to the latest information
available six more such cities recently have
adopted the plan by popular vote, and in four
it alrea
of them
Iready has gone into effect. Thus
there are eighty-five cities of more than 30,000 in-
lia"bitants which are governed by commissions at
this time (Feb. 1, 1916). These cities vary
in population from 32,800 inhabitants in Boise,
Idaho, to 465,000 in Buffalo, N. Y., and are
scattered throughout twenty-seven states, in ad-
dition to the District of Columbia, ranging from
Massachusetts to Washington and from South
Carolina to California. Five of them are in New
England, thirty in other northern states east
of the Mississippi, sixteen in northern states
between the Mississippi river and the Pacific
coast states, nine in the Pacific coast states and
twenty-five in the south.
The total population of the eighty-five com-
mission cities on Feb. 1, 1916, is estimated at
7,677,000, or 41 per cent of the aggregate popu-
lation of the 195 cities of 30,000 to 500,000 inhabi-
tants which were covered by the bureau's latest
inquiry. Confining the figures to cities of 30,000
to 300,000 inhabitants, there are now operating
under the commission form eighty-two such
cities, with a total population of 6,480,000, or 45
per cent of the aggregate population of the 184
cities within these size limits. During the last
ten years the commission plan also has been
adopted by many cities of fewer than 30,000 in-
habitants.
COMMISSION-MANAGER CITIES.
Corrected to April 1, 1916.
Popu- Date in.
City. . iation. operation.
nmter, S. C 8,109 Jan., 1913
Hickory, N. C 3,706 May, 1913
Morganton, N. C 2,712 May, 1913
Dayton, 116,577 Jan., 1914
Springfield, 46,921 Jan., 1914
Phoenix, Ariz 11,134 Jan., 1914
La Grande. Ore 4,843 Jan., 1914
Amarillo, Tex 9.957 Jan., 1914
Cadillac, Mich 8,375 Jan., 1914
Manistee, Mich 12,381 April, 1914
Montrose, Col 3,252 Jan., 1914
Taylor, Tex 5,314 April, 1914
Denton, Tex 4,732 May, 1914
Collinsville, Okla 1,324 Sept., 1914
Lakeland, Fla 3,719 May, 1914
Big Rapids. Mich 4,519 1914
Jackson, Mich 31,433 Jan., 1915
Sherman, Tex 12,412 April, 1915
Bakersfield, Cal 12,727 April, 1915
Beaufort, S. C 2,486 April, 1915
Tyler. Tex 10,400 April, 1915
Newburgh, N. Y 27,805 Jan., 1916
Sandusky, 19,989 Jan., 1916
AshtrJmla, 18,266 Jan. 1. 1916
Niagara Fails, N. Y 30.445 Jan., 1916
Wheeling, W. Va 41,641 Jan., 1917
Alpena, Mich 12,706 April, 1916
Popu- Date in
Iation. operation.
Santa Barbara, Cal 11,659 Jan. 1, 1916
10,321 April, 1916
5,494 April, 1915
.,vom,,i t , v 1,903 Jan. 1, 1916
Elizabeth City, N. C 8,412 1915
Webster City, Iowa 5,208 Jan. 1, 1916
San Jose, Cal 28,946 July 1, 1916
26,730 Jan. 1, 1917
33,190
5,1
City.
San Angelo, Tex
St. Augustine, Fla
Westerville,
Watertown, N. Y.
Portsmouth, Va.
Jan. 1. 1916
Jan. 1, 1916
Albion, Mich
Brownsville, Tex 10,517
In addition there are officers called managers
in the following towns, which do not have com-
mission-manager charters or lack some of the
fundamental features of the plan ; Staunton and
Fredericksburg, Va. ; Norwood, Mass. ; Inglewood
and San Diego, Cal. ; Glencoe and River Forest,
111. ; Grove City and Titusville, Pa. ; Morris,
Minn. ; Clarinda and Iowa Falls, Iowa ; Clark,
R. D. ; Tucson, Ariz.; Roswell, N. M. ; Terrell,
Tex. ; Grand Haven, Mich. ; Alhambra, Cal. In
Canada: Port Arthur, Ont., and Mailsonneuve,
P. Q.
There are statewide laws permitting cities to
adopt this plan in Massachusetts, New York,
Virginia, Ohio and Iowa.
Salaries of city managers range from $1,500 to
$12,500 a year, H. M. Waite of Dayton, O., re-
ceiving the latter sum.
FOTJRTH OF JULY CASUALTIES.
[Journal of the American Medical Association. 1
1911. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1916.
Deaths Tetanus ... 10 6 3 3 1
Other causes 47 35 29 37 29 30
Total
One eye lost
Loss of legs, arms
and hands
Loss of fingers
Other injuries 1,339
Total injured 1.546
852 1,051 1.367 1,081 777
947 1,131 1,466 1,135 820
Total casualties.. 1.603 988 1,163 1,506 1,165 850
Total casualties in 1903. 4,449: in 1904, 4.169: in
1905, 5.176; in 1906. 5.466: in 1907, 4,412; in 1908,
5,623; in 1909, 5,307; in 1910, 2,923.
THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.
Acreage of unreserved and unappropriated lands
remaining in the public domain of the United
States in 1916. Approximately 92,000,000 acres are
unsurveyed.
State. Acres.
Montana 16,649.725
146.256
Acres.
42.680
State.
Alabama . . .
Arizona ...
Arkansas .
California .
Colorado 14,908.12
23,597,219
402.219
Florida
Idaho
Kansas
Louisiana
Michigan
.Minnesota
Mississippi ...
Missouri
135,237
15,510,561
56.018
44.804
90.540
793.804
30.374
952
Nebraska
Nevada
55.375.077
New Mexico... 26,338.379
North Dakota. 381,199
Oklahoma .... 55,250
Oregon 15,337.809
South Dakota. 2.382.588
Utah 32.968.837
Washington .. 1.132.571
Wisconsin .... 5.872
Wyoming 28.528.492
Total .254,945,589
MICHIGAN COPPER PRODUCTION IN 1915.
[From U. S. geological survey report.]
The total refined copper produced amounted to
238, 9.16, 410 pounds, as compared with 158,009,748
pounds in 1914 and with 231,112.228 pounds in
1912, the record production previous to 1915. At
an average price of 17.5 cents per pound the
copper output of Michigan had a value of about
$41. 800,000 for 1915. The copper mines produced
5S:>,933 ounces of silver in 1915, valued at $297,068.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
143
STATISTICS OF EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES.
[From bureau of education reports.]
STATE COMMON SCHOOLS (1913-1914).
-Children.
-, / Teachers. s
State.
*Number.]
Enrolled, t^
Attendance.
$Days
.Men. '
Women.
Total.
Salaries. 1
Dotal cost.
Alabama
720,707
473,150
292,540
124.7
3,007
7,205
10,212
$3,451,183
$4,840,614
Arizona
57,491
44,303
29,912
156.0
154
942
1,096
7G5.662
2,135,5-19
Arkansas
529,386
439,624
298,597
129.7
4,560
5,801
10,361
3,287,793
4,360,985
California
536,135
480,002
374,493
174.1
2,368
13,250
15,618
16,314,791
26,579,804
Colorado
212,842
178,392
118,972
171.0
944
5,127
6,071
4,105,927
6,602,130
Connecticut
275.975
211,975
168,060
184.7
333
5,434
5,867
4,180,269
8,108,003
Delaware
51,888
35,950
22,560
170.0
115
830
945
" 415,000
610,000
Dist. of Columbia
70,322
56,563
46,591
174.0
222
1,520
1,742
1,863,716
2,695,035
Florida
234,493
177,154
126,565
122.9
1,074
3,808
4,882
1,644,481
2,769,335
Georgia
886,818
615,044
401,713
140.0
2,969
10,958
13,927
4,161,256
5,505,295
Idaho
113,348
92,437
69,398
152,0
665
2,479
3,144
2,067,943
3,821,138
Illinois
1,473,347
1,043,227
908,906
161.0
5,889
26,064
31,953
21,476,465
39,007,314
Indiana
694,311
548,497
441,168
156.2
5,811
12,638
18,449
11,137,478
19,946,938
Iowa
583,655
517,559
384,000
174.0
2,704
24,378
27,082
10,508,556
16,442,528
Kansas
471,927
392,662
310,803
172.0
2,782
12,062
14,844
7,933,519
12,210,174
Kentucky
690,880
532,196
294,550
139.5
4,084
7,752
11,836
3,994,745
6,746,302
Louisiana
555,455
284,136
195,670
130.2
1,362
5,466
6,828
3,157,094
4,829,234
Mains
163,602
144,620
113,056
167.5
743
6,328
7,071
2,197,244
3,874,858
Maryland
351,760
245,258
160,281
178.0
905
5,091
5,996
3,271,251
5,522,609
Massachusetts
801,752
576,510
486,869
184.0
1,773
15,607
17,380
14,400,001
25,492,292
Michigan
732,103
572,201
440,595
172.0
2,857
1C, 643
19,500
10,541,129
18,782,138
Minnesota
599,529
457,041
354,339
160.0
1,901
15,019
16,920
9,795,093
18,452,425
Mississippi
619,062
492,756
301.922
123.0
2,924
8,029
10,953
2,173,717
2,806,562
Missouri
880,323
706,364
515,233
162.9
4,441
14,207
18,648
11,251,295
17,501,867
Montana
99,099
85,782
63,686
163.3
526
3,252
3,778
1,647,574
4,110,417
Nebraska
338,130
287,566
214,152
170.0
1,449
10,565
12,018
5,916,259
10,095,680
Nevada
16,201
11,710
8,552
160.0
96
48ft
576
417,272
659,660
New Hampshire . . .
97,339
63,004
50,000
171.7
207
2,716
2,923
1,070,830
1,853,160
New Jersey
675,477
496,899
382,218
183.0
2,082
13.003
15,085
11,430,720
23,284,096
New Mexico
111,191
67,147
49,823
135.0
581
1,222
1,803'
825,640
1,336,764
New York
2,251,206
1,532,151
1,233,074
189.9
5,236
43,817
49,143
44,359,192
65,936,380
North Carolina
761,900
599,647
408,464
122.0
3,059
10,196
13,255
3,191,726
5,069,351
North Dakota
193,312
148,021
102,490
159.0
1,300
6,611
7,911
3,443,060
6,605,653
Ohio
1,188,359
895,167
720,442
169.0
8,18i
22,173
30,358
17,833,325
35,172,950
Oklahoma
622,741
496,908
322,117
136.0
3,771
8,105
11,876
5,257,046
7,879,906
Oregon
171,921
133,819
129,869
155.3
1,101
4,650
5,751
3,631,211
5,954,405
Pennsylvania
2,054,894
1,401,325
1,124,951
172.0
8,350
31,246
39,596
23,834,408
52,544,036
Rhode Island
136,807
86,505
68,183
193.6
-217
2,369
2,586
1,307,051
2,868,854
South Carolina
520,747
378,669
250,163
104.3
1,554
6,119
7,673
2,095,789
2,914,638
South Dakota....
183,192
130,078
99,078
150.0
1,048
5,813
6,861
2,795,862
4,538,026
Tennessee
677.102
593,437
431,053
121.5
4,076
8,502
12,578
4,035,068
5,867,450
Texas
1,334,411
830,642
560,173
132.0
6,455
15,588
22,043
9,815,018
14,497,750
Utah
120,376
96,678
70,173
162.5
719
2,040
2,759
1,845,271
4,174,781
Vermont
84,089
65,137
51,324
173.2
224
3,122
3,346
1,089,027
1,964,529
Virginia
652,958
427,937
281,976
136.3
1,953
9,383
11,336
3,474,692
5,577,874
Washington
308,463
238,663
180,225
176.5
1,711
6,928
8,639
7,077,754
12,515,225
West Virginia
385,744
299,135
208,004
137.0
4,180
5,640
9,820
3,431,873
5,399,382
Wisconsin
671,634
440,103
323,471
168.0
1,692
13,839
15,531
8,517,866
13,829,203
Wyoming
34,827
29,301
24,000
139.4
213
1,275
1,488
748,773
1,153,847
Total
20,002,153
19,153,786
14,216,459
158.7
114,662
465,396
580,058
323,610,915
555,077,146
Divisions.
North Atlantic....
6,544,063
4,578,126
3,677,735
181.6
19,255
123,742
142,997
104,291,742
185,926.208
North Central
8,009,822
6,139,220
4,814,682
165.6
40,059
180,016
220,075
121,149,907
212,584,896
South Atlantic...
3,916,630
2,835,357
1,906,317
133.8
16,031
53,545
69,576
23,549,784
36,053,519
South Central....
5,749,744
4,142,849
2,696,622
129.4
30,239
66,448
96,687
35,171,664
51,468,803
Western
1,751,894
1,458,234
1,121,103
166.2
9,078
41,645
50,723
39.447,818
69,043,720
*School year 1913-1914; children 5 to 18 years
number of
days the schools were kept in the
of age. tAveragi
daily attendance.
JAverage
year.
COMMON SCHOOL STATISTICS BY YEARS.
Year. .
1870
, Children. N
*Number. Enrolled, t Attendance.
12 055 443 6 871 522 4 077 347
, Teachers. ^
Men. Women. Total. ^Salaries. Total cost.
77,529 122,926 200,515 $37,832,566 $63,393,666
122,795 163,798 286,593 55,942,972 78,094,687
125,525 238,397 363,922 91,836,484 140,506,715
126,588 296,474 423,062 137,687,746 214,964,618
110,481 412,729 523,210 253,915,470 426,250,434
110,328 423,278 533,606 266,678,471 446,726,929
114,559 432,730 547,289 284,945,162 482,886,793
113,342 451,118 564.460 303,537,849 534,058,580
114,662 465,396 580,058 323,610,915 555,077,146
y attendance. JOf superintendents and teachers.
1880
1890
1900... .
.... 15,065,767 9,867,505 6,144,143
.... 18,543,201 12,722,581 8,153.635
. ... 21,404,322 15,503,110 10632772
1910
24 360 888 17 813 852 12 8^7 307
1911
igi^
.... 24,745,562 18,035,118 12,871,980
25 167 445 18 18 937 13 30 303
1913
1914
*Ch
Year.
1900....
1901...
Iclreu 5
Per
capita.
. . .$2.82
.. 2 93
.... 2.". 499.928 18,523,558 13,510,643
.... 26,002,153 19,153,786 14,216.459
to 18 years of age. tAverage dail
COST PER CAPITA
Per Per Per
pupil. Year. capita. pupil.
$20.29 1904 $3.36 $24.14
''1 23 1905 3 53 25 40
AND PER PUPIL.
Per Per
Year. capita. pupil.
1908 $4.27 $30.55
1909 -.. 4.45 31.65
1910 4.64 33.33
1911 4.76 34.71
Per Per
Year. capita. pupil.
1912 $5.05 $36.30
1913 5.37 38.31
1902....
1903....
... 3.03
... 3.15
21.53 1906 3.66 26.27
' 22.75 1907 3.90 28.25
1914 5.62 29.04
144
ALMANAC AND YEARBOOK FOR 1917.
PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS (1915).
Schools 11,6741 Students Boys.. ..601, 44!
Teachers Men.... 26.950 Students Girls. ...727,540
Teachers Women 35,569 I
PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOLS (1915).
Schools 2,248 I Students Boys ...73.20R
Teachers Men ... 5,776 Students Girls .. .51,836
Teachers Women. 8,250 I
NORMAL SCHOOLS (1915).
PUBLIC.
Schools 2.2
Teachers Men ... 1,573
Teachers Women. 2,916
Students Men ...18,358
Students Women 75,942
PRIVATE.
Schools
Teachers Men . . .
Teachers Women .
Students Men . . .
Students Women.
41
165
249
1,620
4,405
UNIVERSITIES, COLLEGES AND TECHNO-
LOGICAL SCHOOLS (1915).
Institutions 563
Instructors Men 26,636
Instructors Women 5,931
Preparatory students Men 31,596
Preparatory students Women 16,444
Collegiate students Men 14 1 , 679
Collegiate students Women 79,763
Colleges for men 145
Undergraduate students 40,905
Colleges for women 84
Undergraduate students 19,179
Coeducational colleges 334
Undergraduate students Men 100,774
Undergraduate students Women 60.584
Total students 161,358
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS (1915).
Theology Schools 164
Students 10,r>88
Law Schools 120
Students 21,885
Medicine Schools. 93
Students 13,083
Dentistry Schools. 50
Students 9 647
Pharmacy Schools 76
Students 6,191
Veterinary Schools 21
Students 2,266
SCHOOLS FOR BT.IND DEAF FEEBLE
MINDED (1915).
Public schools for blind . R9
Pupils ".."'.'. ' o2.'3
State schools for deaf. . ' 6S
Pupils !..."." '.'11459
Public schools for -deaf. 64
Pupils '.'..'.'.'.'. '. 2,109
Private schools for deaf is
Pupils 512
Schools for feeble minded:
State Number . 37
Pupils
Private Number
Pupils
Public Day
Pupils
72
12,795
OTHER SCHOOLS (1915).
Training nurses.. 1,509
Students 46,147
Commercial 843
Students 183.286
Manual 240
Students 61,244
Reform 112
Students 56,857
Agricultural (1914^ 69
Students 115,044
Summer (1914)... 704
Students 218,794
PERSONS OF SCHOOL AGE AND SCHOOL ATTENDANCE (1910).
6 to 20 years inclusive. [From census bureau report.]
BY STATES AND DIVISIONS.
Attend'g school.
New England Total. Number.
Maine 195,197 132,082
New Hampshire 111,634 73,487
Vermont 94,701 66,845
Massachusetts 881,024 588,029
Rhode Island 148.102 90,328
Connecticut 298,454 192,497
Middle Atlantic-
New York 2,454.428 1,563,374
New Jersey 708,525 440,903
East North Central-
Pennsylvania 2,194.303 1,366,542
Ohio 1,313,809 868.578
Indiana 777.889 513.623
Illinois 1,615,914 1.025,053
Michigan 796,887 539.739
Wisconsin 732,544 484,629
West North Central-
Minnesota 648.775 443.761
Iowa 675,222 469.778
Missouri 993,998 646.866
North Dakota 183.336 117.453
South Dakota 183.979 122,640
Nebraska 373,868 261.219
Kansas 515,156 363,695
South Atlantic-
Delaware 57,932 35,304
Maryland 388,456 227,024
District of Columbia... 79,249 50,859
Virginia 697,649 392.498
West Virginia 396. 813 259,971
North Carolina 785,583 481.450
South Carolina 564.260 291.307
Georgia 925.865 480.378
Florida 243,917 128,659
East South Central
Kentucky 755,709 461,195
Tennessee 738,478 438,547
Alabama 750.357 385,449
Mississippi 644,805 388,072
West South Central-
Arkansas 551,672 324,035
Louisiana 575,866 248,420
Oklahoma 566.323 383,816
Texas 1,363,713 790,736
lool.
Pet.
67.7
65.8
70.6
66.7
61.0
64.5
63.7
62.2
62.3
66.1
66.0
63.4
67.7
66.2
68.4
69.6
65.1
64.1
66.7
69.9
70.6
60.9
58.4
64.2
56.3
65.5
61.3
51.6
51.9
52.7
61.0
59.4
51.4
60.2
58.7
43.1
67.8
58.0
Mountain-
Montana
Attend'g school.
Total. Number. Pet.
93,771 60,678 .7
96 819 66 779 69
Idaho
Wyoming
Colorado
New Mexico
Arizona ....
35,776 23,020 64.3
.. 215,940 147,626 68.4
.. 105,403 64,342 61.0
56 897 30 355 5a 4
Utah
121 016 85 006 70 2
Nevada. ......
16 132 10 141 62 9
Pacific-
Washington
293,478 195,259 66 5
Oregon
175 386 117 078 66 8
California
555 554 361 077 65
Geographic Division
New England
Middle Atlantic
s
.. 1,729,112 1,143,268 66.1
5 357 256 3 370 819 62 9
East North Central..
West North Central..
South Atlantic
East South Central..
West South Central..
Mountain
.. 5,237,043 3,431,622 65.5
.. 3,574,334 2,425,412 67.9
.. 4,139,759 2,347,450 56.7
.. 2.889,349 1,673,263 57.
.. 3,057,574 1,747,007 57.1
.. 741,754 487,947 65.8
1 024 418 673 414 65 7
Pacific
Total United States
. 27.750,599 17,300,202 62.3
BY PRINCIPAL CITIES.
Attend'g school.
City. Total. Number. Pet.
Albany, N Y 93 794 14 si RV i-
Atlanta, Ga
42,981 23,981 54.3
153,586 79,933 52.0'
36 939 20 135 54 5
lialtimore, Md
Birmingham, Ala . .
Boston, Mass.
169 116 115 210 68 1
Bridgeport, Conn
Buffalo, N. Y
Cambridge, Mass....
Chicago, 111
Hncinnati O ...
26,938 16,262 60.4
120,366 73,412 61.0
27,426 19,152 69.8
594,012 349.037 58.8
93 gig 55 474 59 3
Cleveland O
150 887 9 9 094 61 ^0-
Columbus, O
44 354 27 631 62 3
Dayton O
28 726 17 624 61 4
51 958 34 537 66 5
Detroit, Mich
Fall River. Mass
Grand Rapids, Mich..
122,979 69,808 56.8
36,235 /22,819 63.0-
30,138 19.141 63.&
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR W17.
145
Attend'g school.
City. Total. Number. Pet.
Indianapolis Ind 56 997 35 014 61 4
Attend'g school.
City. Total. Number. Pet.
Philadelphia, Pa 410,243 237,333 57.9
Pittsburgh, Pa 146,609 85,777 58.5
Portland, Ore 43,272 26,146 60.4
Providence, R. 1 57,559 35,309 61.3
Richmond, Va 35,271 17,986 51.0
Rochester, N. Y 54998 33752 614
Jersey Citv N J 78 300 47 198 60 3
Kansas City, Mo 57,467 34,220 59.5
Los Angeles, Cul. . 69036 44995 652
Louisville Ky Rft fi<f ^ 7K9 ^s'
Lowell, Mass
Memphis, Tenn
Milwaukee, Wi.s
Minneapolis, Mini,
Nashville, Tenn
New Haven, Conn
.. 28,570 17,603 61.6
.. 32,462 17,169 52.9
. 109,078 63,228 58.0
. 75,611 48,655 . 64.3
. 31,803 18,191 57.2
. 36,263 24,252 66.9
98,468 52,799 53.6
.1,334,357 828,720 62.1
97 544 61 916 63 5
St. Louis, Mo 181,402 101.320 55.9
St. Paul, Mini* 58,946 37,187 63.1
San Francisco, Cal 85.3G8 50.128 58.7
Scranton, Pa
... 39,397 22,964 58.3
... 49.294 31,099 63.1
24 150 15 259 63 2
Seattle, Wash
Spokane Wash
New Orleans, La
New York, N. Y
Syracuse, N. Y
Toledo O
... 34,171 21.131 61.8
... 45,314 28,198 62.2
.. 79,249 50,859 64.2
Newark N J
Oakland Cal
.. 34,153 22,253 65.2
31 9.81 9n ns^ RA 9
Washington, D. C
Omaha, Neb
Patersou, N J a 4^7 91*770 ^0*7
STU
Paris 17,556
, , ^ *
DENTS IN LEADING FOREIGN UNIVERSITIES.
[From Minerva for 1913-1914.]
Halle 2 982 Mqrhnr 9 (V79 Oonnn 41S
Berlin 14,178
Moscow 9 760
Cracow 2,960
Toulouse 2 869
Prague (German).. 2.053
Sendai 1,915
Jena 1 993
Aberdeen ,300
Cairo 9 540
Dorpat 2.684
Luttich 2 778
Poitiers 318
Erlangen 295
Vienna 8,784
Durham 1 64
Budapest 7 814
Athens 2 800
Lille 1 828
Brussels ,250
Melbourne 1,319
Lund 1 347
Glasgow 2 800
Bern . 2 015
St. Petersburg .. 7,455
Naples 6,600
Leipzig ' 6,143
Toronto . 5 903
Breslau 2 684
Konigsborg 744
Kiel 876
Louvain . . 2 630
Czerhowitz 1,194
Liverpool 1,312
Ghent 1,253
Freiburg 2,766
Strassburg 2,485
Bordeaux 2.548
Gottingen 2,668
Valencia 700
Manchester 691
Wales, Univ. of.. ,389
Padua 648
Madrid . 5 675
Grief swald 1 387
Lemberg 5,567
Tokyo (Imperial).. 5,354
Buenos Aires 5,054
Valladolid 4,600
Bonn 4,478
Prague (Bohemian) 4,406
London 4,047
Oxford . 4 025
Salamanca 1.200
Leiden . . 1 212
McGill (Montreal 2.213
Barcelona 2, 430
Heidelberg 2,466
Klausenburg 2,124
Odessa 2 0?3
Pa via 600
Palermo 669
Rennes 570
Wurzburg 456
Leeds 1,320
Pisa . . . 150
Amsterdam 215
Seville 100
Kingston (Canada) .548
Christiania ,500
Muenster (Germ'y) 2,368
Sofia 2 11G
Utrecht 096
Algiers . . 440
Copenhagen 4,000
Rome 3 919
Warsaw 2,257
Upsala 2 419
Giessen 426
Grenoble 746
Belgrade 167
Dijon 000
Cambridge 3.748
Helslngfors 3.532
Edinburgh 3,352
Turin 2 199
Zurich 481
Dublin 000
Granada 000
Rome ,070
Agram 045
Santiago (Chile).. ,000
Birmingham (Eng.) 1,000
Nancy 2 248
Gothenburg 021
Sydney 496
Montreal (Laval).. .624
Coimbra 1 350
Graz 2,151
Charkow 3, 342
Geneva 1,858
Bologna 2.000
Kasan 2,122
Bukharest 3,283
Lyons 3 084
Innsbruck 1 365
Kiev 3 000
Tubingen 2 016
l^aiisnnnp 1 9n4
[Fro
Institutions.
Universities and college
Schools of theology
GIFTS AND DEQUES
01 report of United Stat
1913. 1914.
=;.... $24,651.958 $26.670,017
. 2.33B 510 1.558 2S1
TS TO EDUCATION.
es commission of education.]
18S4 . $11 270 286 1901 $21 .155?. 400
1885 9,314,081
1886 5 976 168
1902 20,348,739
1903... 17 915 075
Schools of law 189,453 203,067
1887 7,512.910
1904 17261375
Schools of medicine 1,203096 1,495773
18S8 6 646 368
1905 21 S 9 ? 875
Public normal schools 413,580 607,431
Private normal schols -- 199 899 11fi 283
1889 6,942,058
1890 8,011,019
1891 8.519233
1906 23.347.070
1907 28 585 780
Private high schools
Total
GIFTS BT
1871 $8 593 740
657,383 706,546
1908 . 19 763 421
1892 8 71 90 9
1909 21 19 9 450
29,651,879 31,357,398
* YEARS.
1877 $3.015.256
1878 3,103,289
1893... . 8,207,690
1894 10,855.365
1910 24 755 663
1911 27.634,029
1912 30.061,310
1913 29.651,310
1914 31,357,398
1895 8.240.876
1896 11.677.048
1897 10.049.141
1872 10072540
1873 11,225,977
1874 6,053.804
1875 4 1 9 6 562
1879 . 5 9 49 810
1880 5 518 501
1898" 10 981 ?09
1881. 7 440 9 24
1899 25.332.792
1900 . . 15.066.561
Total 584,418,082
1876 4,691,845
1883 7 141 363
'
TIN PLATE AND TERNE PLATE PRODUCTION, 1914.
[From U. S. census report.]
Returns were received from thirty-one estab-
lishments engaged in the industry in 1914, whose
output of coated plates amounted to 2,039,566,144
pounds, valued at $66,270,345, comprising 1,901,-
331,895 pounds of tin plate, valued at $60,258,024,
and 138,234,249 pounds of terne plate (steel or
iron plates or sheets coated with an alloy of
tin and lead, known as terne mixture), valued
at $6.012.321. The tin plate product comprised
1,855,892,526 pounds of coke plate, valued at $58,-
450,853, and 45,439,369 pounds of charcoal plate
(steel and iron), valued at $1,807,171. The value
of all other products was $2,072,617, making a
total of $68,342,962 for the value of all products
in 1914.
Of the thirty-one establishments reported for
1914, thirteen were located in Pennsylvania, eight
in West Virginia, seven in Ohio and one each
in Illinois, Indiana and Maryland.
PRODUCTION BY CENSUS YEARS.
Tear.
1914
1909
Pounds.
2,039,566,144
1,343,103,266
Year. Pounds.
1904 1,032,940,706-
1899 850,004,495
146
AL:.IANAU AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES.
Nonsectarian and undenominational schools marked with an asterisk (*).
Instruc- Stu-
School, location and date of founding. President. tors. dents.
Adelphi college,* Brooklyn, N. Y. (1896) Frank D. Blodgett, A. M 39 515
Adrian college, Adrian, Mich. (1859) Aubrey F. Hess, Ph. D 18 215
Agnes Scott college, Decatur, Ga F. H. Gaines, D. D., LL. D 32 302
Ag. and Mech. Col. of Tex.,* Col. S., Tex. (1876). W. B. Bizzell, A. M., D. C. L.
Alabama Polytechnic Inst.,* Auburn, Ala. (1872). C. C. Thach, M. A., LL. D 76
Albany college, Albany, Ore. (lS&6) Wallace H. Lee, A. M., LL. D 17
Alcorn Ag. and Mech. Col.,* Alcorn, Miss. (1871). Levi J. Rowan 25
Albion college, Albion, Mich. (1861) Hon. Samuel Dickie, M. S., LL. D 26
Alfred university,* Alfred, N. Y. (1836) Boothe C. Davis, Ph. D., D. D 44
Allegheny college, Meadville, Pa. (1815) W. H. Crawford, D. D., LL. D 24
Alltrgllell^' CUUcgCj AVltfUU Vlllt:, JTo.. \JLQXStJ VV . JLI. V^la WjLUIU, JLJ. J-'.i AJAJ. J-/ **
Alma college, Alma, Mich. (1887) Harry Mears Crooks 20
American Inter. Col.,* Springfield, Mass. (1885).. C. Stowe McGowan (chancellor)
American university, Washington, D. C. (1913).. John W. Hamilton, LL. D., L. H. D.
Amherst college,* Amherst, Mass. (1825) Alexander Meikeljolm, A. M., Ph. D..
Antioch college,* Yellow Springs, O. (1852) S. D. Fess, LL. D
Arkansas college, Bateville, Ark. (1872) W. S. Lacy
Arkansas Cumberland col., Cumberl'd, Ark. (1891) J. L^ Spence, A. B.
Armour Inst. of Technology,* Chicagi
Asbury college, Wilmbre, Ky. (1890)
Atlanta university,* Atlanta, Ga. (1869)
Auburn Theological sem., Auburn, N. Y. (1819)
Augsburg seminary, Minneapolis, Minn. (1869) .
Augustana college, Rock Island, 111. (1860)
Austin college, Sherman, Tex. (1849)
Baker university, Baldwin. Kas. (1858)
Baldwin Wallace college, Berea, O. (1845)
Barnard college,* New York, N. Y. (1889)
Bates college,* Lewiston, Me. (1864)
100 1,485
820
128
541!
5:;5
442
406
2-24
172
41
429
250
84
258
Armour Inst. of Technology,* Chicago, 111. (1893) F. W. Gunsaulus, D. D., LL. D 62 1,285
Asbury college. Wilmbre. Ky. (1890) H. C. Morrison, D. D 20 350
Edward T. Ware, A. B , D. D 25 437
G. B. Stewart, D. D., LL. D 12 66
George Sverdrup, Jr., D. D 18 154
Gustav Andreen, Ph. D 40 647
T. S. Clyce, D. D., LL. D 10 147
Wilbur N. Mason, A. M., D. D 31 555
Arthur L. Breslich, A. B.. D. D., Ph. D. 53 790
N. M. Butler, LL. D., Litt. D .106 758
George C. Chase, A. M., D. D.. LL. D. 27 472
Baylor university, Waco, Tex. (1845) Samuel P. Brooks, A. M., LL. D 53 1,606
Bellevue college, Bellevue, Neb. (1880) Wm. E. Nicholl 14 142
Beloit college,* Beloit, Wis. (1846) E. D. Eaton, D. D., LL. D 37 388
Benedict college, Columbia, S. C. (1871) B. W. Valentine, A. M., D. D 35 700
Berea college,* Berea, Ky. (1855) W. Goodell Frost, Ph. D., D. D., LL. D. 96 1,811
Bethany college, Bethany, W. Va. (1840) T. E. Cramblet. A. M., LL. D 26 416
Bethany college, Lindsborg, Kas. (1881) Ernest P. Pihlblad, A. M 40 794
Bethel college, Russellville, Ky Harry G. Brownell, B. S., M. E 10 125
Bissell Col. of Photo-Engraving, Efflngham, 111.. L. H. Bissell 3 95
Blackburn college, Carlinville, 111. (1857) William M. Hudson, Ph. D., D. D 11 130
Boston college, Boston, Mass. (1863).... Very Rev. Charles W. Lyons, S. J 26 525
Boston university, Boston, Mass. (1869) Lemuel H. Murlin, D. D., LL. D 176 2,616
Bowdoin college, Brunswick, Me. (1794) William DeWitt Hyde, D. D., LL. D... 29 400
Bradley Polytechnic institute, Peoria, 111 Theodore C. Burgess, Ph. D 42 1,026
Bridgewater college, Bridgewater, Va. (1880).... John S. Flory, Ph. D., A. M 20 200
Brigham Young college, Logan, Utah (1877) C. N. Jensen, Ph. D 34 941
Brown university,* Providence, R. I. (1764) William H. P. Faunce, D. D., LL. D... 86 1,033
Bryn Mawr college,* Bryn Mawr, Pa. (1885) Miss M. C. Thomas, Ph. D., LL. D.... 64 445
Bucknell university, Lewisburg, Pa. (1846) John Howard Harris, LL. D 31 781
Butler college,* Indianapolis, Ind. (1850) Thomas C. Howe, Ph. D 20 622
Campion college, Prairie du Chien, Wis. (1880).. Rev. George R. Kister, S. J 32 385
Canisius college, Buffalo, N. Y. (1870) Rev. George J. Krim, S. J 25 493
Carleton college,* Northfield, Minn. (1866) Donald G. Cowling. D. D.. Ph. D 37 476
Carlisle Indian school,* Carlisle, Pa. (1879) Oscar H. Lipps (superintendent) 80 750
Carnegie Inst. Technology,* Pittsburgh, Pa. (1905) Arthur A. Hammerschlag, Sc. D.. LL. D.205 3,223
Carroll college, Waukesha, Wis. (1846) Wilbur O. Carrier, M. A., D. D 21 298
Carson & Neman col., Jefferson City, Tenn.(1851) J. M. Burnett, D. D 18 309
Carthage college, Carthage, 111. (1870) Henry D. Hoover, A. M., B. D., Ph. D. 20 200
Case Sch. Applied Science,* Cleveland, O. (1881) Charles S. Howe, Ph. D., D. Sc., LL. D. 54 550
Catawba college, Newton, N. C. (1851) J. D. Andrew, A. M 1? 146
Cathedral college, New York, N. Y. (1903) Wm. F. Hughes, D. D 27 450
Cath. Univ. of Am.. Washington, D. C (1889).. Thomas J. Shahan, D. D 83 1,619
Cedarville college, Cedarville, O. (1887) W. R. McChesney, Ph. D 13
Center college, Danville, Ky. (1819) W. A. Ganfleld, A. M., D. D 10
Central college, Fayette, Mo. (1857) Paul H. Linn, LL. B., D. D 12
Central Wesleyan college, Warrenton, Mo. (18S4) Otto E. Kriege, D. D., A. B 26
Chicago Theological seminary, Chicago, HI. (1854) Ozora S. Davis, Ph. D., D. D 8
Christian university, Canton, Mo. (1853) Earl M. Todd, LL. D 33
Claflin university, Orangeburg, S. C. (1869) Lewis M. Dunton, A. M., D. D 37
209
100
252
Clark college,* Worcester, Mass. (1902)
Clark university, Atlanta, Ga. (1870)
Clark university,* Worcester, Mass. (1889)
Clarkson College Tech.,* Potsdam, N. Y. (1896).
Clemson Ag. col.,* Clemson College, S. C. (1896)
Coe college, Cedar Rapids, Iowa (1881)
Colby college, Waterville, Me. (1820)
Colgate university,* Hamilton, N. Y. (1819)
College of Emporia, Emporia, Kas. (1882)
College of the Pacific, San Jose, Cal. (1851)
College of Wooster, Wooster, O. (1868)
Colorado Agr. college,* Ft. Collins, Col. (1871).
Colorado college,* Colorado Springs, Col. (1874).
Colorado School of Mines,* Golden, Col. (1874)...
Columbia university,* New York, N. Y. (1754)...
Edmund C. Sanford, Ph. D., LL. D.... 28
Henry A. King, D. D 10
G. Stanley Hall, Ph. D., LL. D 23
John P. Brooks. M. S 14
W. M. Riggs, E. M. E.. LL. D 116
John A. Marquis, D. D., LL. D 55
Arthur J. Roberts, A. M 30
Elmer B. Bryan, LL. D., L. H. D 52 601
Henry C. Culbertson, D. D 19 192
John L. Seaton, LL. D., Ph. D 32 411
J. Campbell White, M. A., LL. D 47 737
Charles A. Lory, LL. D 76 1,100
William F. Slocum, D. D., LL. D 75 776
Wm. B. Phillips, Ph. D 25 171
Nicholas M. Butler, Ph.D.,LL.D.,Litt.D.981 7,652
AI-MANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917. 147
Instruc- Stu-
School. location and date of founding:. President. tors. dents.
Concordia college, Bronxviile, X. Y. (1881) H. Feth. D. D 7 115
Concordia college, Fort Wayne, Ind. (1839) Rev. Martin Luecke 12 260
Concordia college, Milwaukee, Wis. (1881) M. .1. F. Albrecht, D. D 10 201
Concordia college, St. Paul, Minn. (1893) Theodore Buenger 8 137
Connecticut Agr. college,* Storrs. Conn. (1881 )... Charles L. Beachy, B. S 34 200
Connecticut college. New London, Conn. (1915).. Frederick H. Sykes, Ph. D 25 150
Converse college,* Spartanburg, S. C. (IS'JO) Robert P. Pell, Litt. D 25 289
Cooper college, Sterling. Kas. (1887) R. T. Campbell, D. D 17 216
Cornell college, Mount Vernon, Iowa (18:,3i Charles Wesley Flint. D. D 43 888
Cornell university,* Ithaca, N. Y. (1868) Jacob G. Schurman, D. Sc., LL. D 750 5,650
Cotner university. Bethany, Neb. (18S9) William Oeschger, LL. D 25 257
Creighton university. Omaha, Neb. (1879) F. X. McMenamy, S. J 148 1,200
Cumberland university, Lebanon. Tenn. (1842).... Homer A. Hill, A. M. (acting) 24 416
Dakota Wesleyan univ., Mitchell, S. D. (1883)... William G. Seaman 29 369
Dartmouth college,* Hanover, N. H. (1769) Ernest M. Hopkins 95 1,470
Davidson college, Davidson, N. C. (1837) William J. Martin. M. A.. M. D.. Ph.D. 13 357
Decatur college, Decatur, 111. (1901) George E. Fellows, Ph. D.. LL. D 63 970
Defiance college, Defiance, O. (1902) P. W. McReynolds, A. M 26 660
Delaware college,* Newark, Del. (1833) S. C. Mitchell, Ph. D 40 226
Denison university, Granville, O. (1831) Clark W. Chamberlain. Ph. D 51 843
De Paul university, Chicago, 111..'. Very Rev. F. X. McCabe, C. M., LL. D.120 1,125
De Pauw university, Greencastle, Ind. (1837).... George R. Grose 40 1,038
Des Moines college, Des Moines, Iowa (1865) John A. Earl, D. D 30 500
Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa. (1783) James H. Morgan, LL. D 18 350
Doane college. Crete, Neb. (1872) William O. Allen, Ph. D 21 178
Drake university, Des Moines. Iowa (1881) Hill M. Bell, A. M 100 1,531
Drew Theological seminary, Madison. N. J. (1866) Ezra S. Tipple, D. D., LL. D 16 176
Drury college, Springfield, Mo. (1873) Jas. G. McMnrtry. A. M.. Ph. D 20 350
Dubuque college, Dubuque, la. (1873) Daniel M. Gorman, LL. D 36 501
Earlham college. Richmond, Ind. (1847) Robert L. Kelly, LL. D 33 400
Eastern college,* Manassas, Va. (1900) Hervin U. Roop, Ph. D., LL. D 21 200
Elrnira college, Elmira, N. Y. (1855) John B. Shaw, D. D., S. T. D., LL. D.32 276
Elon college, Elon College, N. C. (1890) W. A. Harper, M. A., Litt. D 26 400
Emory and Henry college, Emory, Va. (1838).... Charles C. Weaver, A. M., Ph. D 13 238
Emory college, Oxford, Ga. (1836) Edgar H. Johnson (dean) 16 244
Erskine college, Due West. S. C. (1839) James S. Moffat, D. D 9 126
Eureka college, Eureka, 111. (1855) H. O. Pritchard, A. M., B. D., LL. D.. 20 256
Fairmount college, Wichita, Kas. (1895) W. H. Rollins. D. D 22 422
Fargo college, Fargo, N. D. (1888) John W. Hanzel 35 563
Findlay college, Findlay, O. (1882) William Harris Guyer, A. M., D. D... 19 446
Fisk university, Nashville. Tenn. (1866) Fayette A. McKenzie, Ph. D 52 519
Fordham university, New York, N. Y. (1841) Rev. Joseph A. Mulry, S. J 151 1,733
Frances Shinier school, Mt. Carroll, 111. (1853).. Wm. P. McKee, A. M., B. D. (dean).. 19 130
Franklin & Marshall college, Lancaster. Pa.(1887) Henry H. Apple, D. D., LL. D 17 291
Franklin college, Franklin, Ind. (1834). Elijah A. Hanley, A. M., D. D 15 262
Franklin college.* New Athens, O. (1825) G. E. Henderson, D. D. (acting) 8 86
Friends university, Wichita. Kas. (1898) Edmund Stanley. A. M.. LL. D 20 300
Furman university, Greenville, S. C. (1851) Edwin McNeil Poteat, LL. D 11 284
Gallaudet college, Washington, D. C. (1864) Percival Hall, M. A., Litt. D 17 119
General Theological sera., New York, N. Y. (1817) Herbert M. Denslow, D. D. (dean) 14 143
George Peabody college, Nashville, Tenn Bruce B. Payne, A. M., Ph. D 25 110
Georgetown college, Georgetown, Ky. (1829) M. B. Adams, D. D 27 372
Georgetown university, Washington, D. C. (1789) Rev. Alphonsus J. Donlon, S. J 210 1.325
Georgia School of Technology, Atlanta, Ga. (1888) Kenneth G. Matheson, A. M., LL. D.... 83 1,117
Goucher college, Baltimore, Md. (1888) William W. Guth 42 510
Graceland college,* Lainoni, la. (1895).... T George N. Briggs 12 160
Grand Island college, Grand Island, Neb. (1892).. George W. Taft 19 424
Greenville college, Greenville, 111. (1892) Eldon G. Burritt, A. M 20 325
Grinnell college, Grinnell, Iowa (1847) J. H. T. Main, Ph. D., LL. D .-.50 756
Grove City college,* Grove City, Pa. (1876) Weir C. Kettler 27 400
Guilford college, Guilford College, N. C. (1888).. Thomas Newlin, D. D., LL. D 15 235
Gustavus Adolphus college, St. Peter. Minu.(18G2) O. J. Johnson, B. D 24 371
Hamilton college,* Clinton, N. Y. (1812) M. W T oolsey Stryker, D. D., LL. D 21 185
Hamline university, St. Paul, Minn. (1854) Samuel F. Kerfoot, D. D 26 420
Hampden-Sidney col., Hampden-Sidney. Va. (1776) Harry T. Graham, A. B., D. D 10 118
Hampton institute,* Hampton, Va. (lS68i Hollis B. Frissell, D. D., LL. D 138 1,839
Hanover college, Hanover, Ind. (1832)....! William A. Millis, LL. D 25 S04
Harvard university,* Cambridge, Mass. (1636).... Abbott L. Lowell, M. A., LL.D., Ph.D.. 892 6,306
Hastings college, Hastings, Neb. (1882) R. B. Crone 20 296
Haverford college, Haverford, Pa. (1833) Isaac Sharpless. Sc. D., LL. D 23 186
Hedding college, Abingdon. 111. (1856) Walter D. Agnew, D. D 15 200
Heidelberg university, Tiffin, O. (1850) Charles E. Miller, D. D.. LL. I) 32 685
Henderson-Brown col., Arkadelphia. Ark. (1890). J. M. Workman, A. B., LL. D 17 206
Hendrix college, Conway, Ark. (18S4) J. H. Reynolds 12 267
Henry Kendall college, Tulsa, Okla. (1895) Charles Evans, LL. D 20 344
Highland college, Highland, Kas. (1857)....: W. Gilbert James 8 95
Highland Park college, Des Moines, Iowa (1889).. George P. Magill, A. M., D. D 77 1,800
Hillsdale college, Hillsdale, Mich. (1855) Joseph W. Mauck, A. M., LL. D 24 326
Hiram college, Hiram, O. (1850) Miner Lee Bates, A. M., LL. D 23 280
Hiwasse college,* Sweetwater. Tenn. (1849) J. E. Lowry, A. M 8 178
Hobart college,* Geneva, N. Y. (1822) Lyman P. Powell, D. D., LL. D 22 138
Holy Cross college, Worcester, Mass. (1843) Rev. Joseph N. Dinand, S. J 34 590
Hope college, Holland, Mich. (1866) Arne Vennema, D. D * 22 450
Howard college, Birmingham, Ala. (1S89) James M. Shelburne 13 277
Howard Payne college, Brownwood, Tex. (1890).. A. E. Baten, D. D 18 394
14 g ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Instrue- Stu-
School. location and date of founding. President. tors.deuts.
Howard university,* Washington, D. C. (1867)... Stephen M. Newman. A. M., D. D 120 1.500
Hunter college,* New York, N. Y. (1870) George S. Davis, LL. D 110 1.500
Huron college, Huron, S. D. (1883) Henry Morehouse Gage 23 472
Illinois college, Jacksonville, 111. (1829) C. H. Rammelkamp, Ph. D 25 421
Illinois College of Photography, Effingham, 111... L. H. Bissell 7 188
Illinois State Normal univ., Normal (1857) David Felmley, LL. D 78 2,132
Illinois Wesleyan univ., Bloomington, 111. (1850). Theodore Kemp. D. D., LL. D 40 542
Indiana university,* Bloomington, Ind. (1820) William Lowe Bryan, Ph. D., LL. D....186 2.672
Iowa State Col. of Ag. & Mech. Arts, Ames ('69) Raymond A. Pearson, LL. D 432 5,502
Iowa Wesleyan college, Mt. Pleasant, la. (1842).. Edwin A. Schell, A. M., D. I)., Ph. D. 31 436
Jamestown 'college, Jamestown, N. D. (1909) Barend H. Kroeze. A. M.. D. D 21 249
Jajies Milliken univ., Decatur, 111. (1901) George Emory Fellows, Ph. D., LL. D.. 58 970
John B. Stetson university,* DeLand, Fla. (1883) Lincoln Hulley. Ph. D., Litt. D., LL. D. 40 487
Johns Hopkins university,* Baltimore, Md. (1876). Frank J. Goodnow, LL. D 274 1,668
Judson college, Marion, Ala. (1838) Paul V. Bomar, A. B., D. D 27 223
Juniata college, Huntingdon, Pa. (1876) I. H. Brumbaugh, A. M 22 38T
Kalamazoo college, Kalamazoo, Mich. (1833) H. L. Stetson 15 253-
Kansas City university, Kansas City, Kas. (1886) J. H. Lucas, D. D., LL. D. (chancellor) 24 371
Kansas Wesleyan university, Salina, Kas. (1886) John F. Harmon, D. D 53 862
Kemper Hall, Kenosha, Wis. (1871) Mother superior. 21 125
Kentucky Wesleyan col., Winchester, Ky. (1866) J. L. Clark, D. D., LL. D 7 100
Kenyon college, Gambier, O. (1824) William F. Peirce, L. H. D., D. D 14 151
Keuka college,* Keuka Park, N. Y. (1892) Joseph A. Serena 16 104
Knox college, Galesburg, 111. (1837) Thomas McClelland, D. D., LL. D 38 668
Knoxville college, Knoxville, Tenn. (1875) R. W. McGranahan, D. D 29 474
Lafayette college, Easton. Pa. (1832) J. H. McCracken, Ph. D., LL. D 56 615
LaGrange college, LaGrange, Mo Daniel J. Scott 10 170
Lake Erie college,* Painesville, O. (1837) Miss Vivian Small, M. A..Litt.D.,LL.D. 25 136
Lake Forest college,* Lake Forest, 111. (1876} John S. Nollen, Ph. D., LL. D 19 200
Lander college, Greenwood, S. C. (1872) John O. Willson, D. D 23 247
Lane college, Jackson, Tenn J. F. Lane, A. M,. Ph. D 17 351
Lane Theological seminary, Cincinnati, O. (1832) William McKibbin, D. D., LL. D 6 60
LaSalle college, Philadelphia, Pa. (1867) Rev. Brother Edward, F. S. C 28 360
Lawrence university,* Appleton, Wis. (1847) Samuel Plantz, Ph. D., LL. D 46 799
Leander Clark college, Toledo, O. (1856) Marion R. Drury, A. M., D. D 21 243
Lebanon university,* Lebanon. O. (1855) H. O. Cunningham, M. A 38 548:
Lebanon Valley college, Annville, Pa. (1866).... G. O. Gossard, D. D 35 443
Lehigh university* Soxiih Bethlehem, Pa. (1866).. Henry S. Drinker, E. M.. LL. D 79 775
Leland Stanford, Jr., U.,* Stanford U., Cal.(1891) Ray L. Wilbur, A. M., M. D 291 2.212
Lenox college, Hopkinton, Iowa (1856) (Vacancy) 12 102
Lewis institute, Chicago, 111. (1865) George N. Carman (director) 150 3,500
Lincoln univ., Lincoln Univ., Pa. (1857) John B. Rendall, D. D 15 216
Lincoln college, Lincoln. 111. (1865) James H. McMurray, Ph. D 20 254
Livingstone college, Salisbury, N. C W. H. Goler, A. M., D. D 20 265
Lombard college,* Galesburg, 111. (1851) Joseph M. Tilden 19 204
Louisiana college, Pineville, Ala. (1906) C. Cottingham, M. A 19 197
Louisiana State univ.,* Baton Rouge. La. (I860).. Thomas D. Boyd, A. M., LL. D 98 1.312
Loyola university, Chicago, 111. (1869) John B. Furay, S. J 127 1,640
18 207
40 365
19 252
255
Luther college, Decorah, Iowa (1861) Rev. C. K. Preus
Macalester college, St. Paul. Minn. (18S4) T. Morey Hodgman. M. A., LL. D
Manhattan college, New York, N. Y. (1863) Rev. Brother Edward, F. S. C
Marietta college,* Marietta, O. (1835) George W. Hinman, Ph. D
Marquette university, Milwaukee, Wis. (1864)... Rev. Herbert C. Noonan, S. J
..246
36
Maryland State Col. of Agr., Col. Park, Md..(18;6) H. J. Patterson, D. Sc...,
Maryville college, Maryville, Tenn. (1819) Samuel T. Wilson, D. D 62 805
Massachusetts Agr. col.,* Amherst, Mass. (1863).. Kenyon L. Butterfield, A. M., LL. D.... 70 665
Mass. Inst. of Technology, Boston, Mass. (1861).. R. C. Maclaurin, A. M., LL. D., D. Sc..228 1,900
Meredith college, Raleigh, N. C. (1899) Charles E. Brewer, LL. D 18 274
Methodist Univ. of Okla., Guthrie, Okla. (1881).. Edward Hislop, D. D., S. T. B 15 210
Miami university. Oxford, O. (1809) R. M. Hughes, M. Sc 55 789
Michigan Agr. college. East Lansing, Mich. (1857) Frank S. Kedzie 180 1.993
Michigan Col. of Mines,* Houghton. Mich. (1884) F. W. McNair, B. S., D. Sc 25 108
Middlebury college,* Middlebury, Vt. (1800) John M. Thomas, D. D., LL. D 31 343
Midland college, Atchison, Kas. (1887) Rev. Rufus B. Peery, Ph. D., D. D 18 310
Milligan college, Milligan College. Tenn. (1882 .. Josephus Hopwood, A. M 14 150
Mills college,* Oakland, Cal. (1885) Aurelia H. Reinhardt, LL. D 31 153
Millsaps college, Jackson. Miss. (1892) A. F. Watkins, A. B., D. D 13 249
Milton college, Milton, Wis. (1867) Rev. W. C. Daland. M. A., D. D 15 135
Milton university,* Baltimore, Md. (1847) Wm. J. Heaps, Ph. D., LL. D 17 250
Milwaukee-Downer college, Milwaukee, Wis Miss Ellen C. Sabin, M. A., LL. D 33 337
Milwaukee-Downer seminary, Milwaukee, Wis Macy D. Rodman (dean) 12 161
Miss. A. & M. college, Agricultural College, Miss. George R. Hightower 83 1.218
Mississippi college, Clinton, Miss. (1826) J. W. Provine, D. D., LL. D 14 390
Missouri Valley college, Marshall, Mo. (1SS9).... W. H. Black, D. D.. LL. D 13 235
Missouri Wesleyan college, Cameron. Mo. (1SS7).. H. R. DeBra, A. M., D. D 26 314
Monmouth college, Monmouth, 111. (1857) T. H. McMichael, A. M., D. D 27 480
Montana State college.* Bozeman (1893) James M. Hamilton, M. S 66 979
Montana Wesleyan college, Helena (1889) Chas. L. Bovard, D. D 9 100
Moores Hill college. Moores Hill, Ind. (1807) Andrew J. Bigner (acting) 19 300
Morgan college, Baltimore, Md. (1867) John O. Spencer, Ph. D 24 260
Morningside college, Sioux City, Iowa (1894) Alfred E. Craig, D. D 31 886
Morris Brown university, Atlanta, Ga. (1885).... W. A. Fountain, D. D.. Ph. D 31 865
Mount Angel college, Mount Angel, Ore. (1887)... Basil Schieber. O. S. B 21 130
Mount Holyoke col.,* South Hadley. Mass. (1837) Miss M. E. Woolley.M.A.,Litt.D..L.H.D. 85 783
Mount St. Mary's college, Emmitsburg, Md. (1808) Very Rev. B. J. Bradley, A. M., LL. D. 40 402
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1017. 149
School, location and date of founding. President. tors. dents.
Mount Union college, Alliance, O. (1858) W. H. McMaster, A. M 37 626
Muhlenburg college, Allentown, Pa. (1867) John A. W. Haas. D. D., LL D .14 214
Municipal University of Akron, Akron, O. (1870) Parke R. Kolbe, Ph. D 26 305
Muskingum college, New Concord, O. (1837) J. K. Montgomery, D. D . . . . 30 760
McCormick Theological sem., Chicago, 111. (1829) James G. K. McClure, D. D., LL. D... 16 198
McKendree college, Lebanon, 111. (1828) Huber W. Hurt LL D . . ..22 300
JMcMinville college, McMinville, Ore. (1807 i Leonard W. Riley, D. D 15 223
Nebraska Christian univ., Bethany, Neb. (1888).. William Oeschger, LL. D 22 LT.7
Neb. Wesleyan univ., Univ. Place, Neb. (1888 1.. Clark A. Fulmer (chancellor) 38 900
Newberry college, New'^erry, S. C. (1856) J. Henry Harms, D. D 14 231
N. H. Col. of Agr. & Mech. Arts,* Durham (1S66) Kdward T. Fairchild, A. M.. LL. D.... 55 653
New Orleans university, New Orleans, La. (1873) Charles M. Melden, D. D., Ph. D 20 507
New Rochelle college, New Rochelle, N. Y M. C. O'Favrell, D. D 21 198
Newton Theo. inst., Newton Center, Mass. (1825) George F. Horr, D. D., LL. D 12 83
New York university,* New York, N. Y. (1830).. Elmer E. Brown, Ph. D., LL. D (c-han.)571 7,857
Niagara university, Niagara Falls, N. Y. (1806 1.. Very Rev. M. A. Drennan, C. M 20 250
N. C. Col. of Ag. &Me.Arts,*W.Raleisu,X.C.(18S9 D. H. Hill., LL. D., Litt. D 65 800
N. C. State Nor.& Ind.Col.,* Greensboro,N.C.(1892) Julius L. Foust, LL. D 77 702
N. Dakota Agricultural college.* Fargo (1890) Edwin F. Ladd, B. S., LL. D 46 1,105
Northwestern college, Naperville, 111. (1861) .Edward E. Rail, Ph. D 25 415
Northwestern Mil. & Nav.acad., Lake Geneva. Wis. Col. R. P. Davidson, A. M 14 120
Northwestern university, Evanston, 111. (1865) Thomas F. Holgate (dean) 452 5,293
Norwich university, Northfield, Vt. (1819) Charles H. Spooner, A. M., LL. D 16 145
Oberlin college,* Oberlin, O. (1833) Henry C. King, D. D., LL. D 113 1,749
Occidental college, Los Angeles, Cal. (1887) John Willis Baer, Litt. D., LL. D 24 333
Ohio Northern university, Ada, O. (1871t Albert E. Smith, D. D., Ph. D 42 1.763
Ohio State university,* Columbus, O. (1870) William O. Thompson, D. D., LL. D...481 5,822
Ohio university,* Athens, O. (1804) Alston Ellis, Ph. D., LL. D 95 4,962
Ohio Wesleyan university,* Delaware, O. (1842).. Helbert Welch, D. D., LL. D 73 1,256
Oklahoma Agr. & Mech. col.,* Stillwater (1891) J. W. Cantwell 1C9 1,690
Olivet college,* Olivet, Mich (1839) Thos. F. Kane, Ph. D 20 200
Oregon Agricultural college.* Corvallis, Ore.(1885) William J. Kerr, D. Sc 122 3.259
Oriental university,* Washington, D. C. (1903)... H. P. Holler, Ph. D., S. T. D 68 260
Ottawa university, Ottawa, Kas. (1865) Silas Eber Price, D. D 19 388
Otterbeiu university, Westerville, O. (1847) W. G. Clippinger, A. B.. D. D 28 385
Ouachlta college, Arkadelphia, Ark. (1886) Charles E. Dicken, D. D 48 300
Pacific university, Forest Grove. Ore. (1849 ) C. J. Bushnell 22 208
Paine college. Augusta. Ga. (18S2) Daniel E. Atkins, A. B 15 225
Park college,* Parkville, Mo. (1875).'. Frederick W. Hawley 22 444
Parker college, Winnebago, Minn. (1889) J. D. McCormick, A. M., B. D 14 136
Parsons college, Fairfield, Iowa (1875) Lowell M. McAfee, LL. D 18 318
Penn college, Oskaloosa, Iowa (1873) David M. Edwards. Ph. D 31 536
Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, Pa. (18321 W. A. Granville, Ph. D., LL. D 35 450
Pennsylvania Col. for Women.* Pitts., Pa. (1869). John C. Acheson 19 185
Pennsylvania Military col.,* Chester, Pa. (1858). Col. C. E. Hyatt, C. E., LL. D 16 100
Philander Smith college. Little Rock, Ark. (1887) Rev. James M. Cox, D. D 21 428
Polytechnic institute.* Brooklyn, N. Y. (1854) Fred W. Atkinson, Ph. D 43 758
Pomona college,* Claremont, Cal. (1887) James A. Blaisdell, D. D 45 567
Potomac university,* Washington, D. C. (1904).. Ernest W. Porter, Ph. D 15 350
Pratt institute.* Brooklyn, N. Y. (1887) Charles M. Pratt, A. M 201 3,671
Presbyterian Col. of S. C., Clinton. S. C. (1900).. Davison McD. Douglas, M. A., D. D... 11 150
Princeton Theological sem., Princeton, N.J. (1812) J. Ross Stevenson, D. D., LL. D 14 188
Princeton university.* Princeton, N. J. (1710)... John Grier Hibben. Ph. D., LL. D 213 1,615
Pritchett college,* Glasgow, Mo. (1868) U. S. Hall. A. B 9 80
Proseminar college, Elmhurst, 111. (1871) Rev. D. Irion, D. D 8 170
Purdue university,* Lafayette, Ind. (1874) W. E. Stone, Ph. D., LL. D 206 2,473
Radcliffe college,* Cambridge, Mass. (1879) LeBaron R. Briggs, A. M. LL.L).,Litt.D.131 683
Randolph-Macon Col. for Hen. Ashland, Va. (1830) Robert E. Blackwell, A. M., LL. D 17 184
Randolph-Macon Woman's col., Lynchburg,Va.(lS93) William A. Webb, Litt. D 50 624
Redneld college. Redfleld, S. D. (1887) Edward A. Fath, Ph. D 6 65
Rensselaer Polytechnic inst..* Troy, N. Y. (1824) Palmer C. Ricketts, C. S., E. D.. LL.D. 60 625
Rhode Island State col.,* Kingston. R. I. (1892i Howard Edwards, LL. D 35 313
Rice institute, Houston. Tex. (1912) Dr. Edgar O. Lovett, Ph. D., LL. D.... 41 386
Richmond college, Richmond. Va. (1S32) F. W. Boatright, M. A., LL. D 35 420
Rio Grande college, Rio Grande, O. (1876) Simeon II. Bing, A. M 12 408
Ripon college,* Ripon, Wis. (1800) Silas Evans, D. D., LL. D 24 306
Roanoke college, Salem, Va. (1853) J. A. Morehead, D. D 20 200
Rochester Mechanics inst., Rochester, N. Y.US85) T. E. Woodland, A. M. (acting) 75 2.150
Rochester Theological sem., Rochester, N. Y.(1S50) Clarence A. Barbour, D. D 14 152
Rockford College for Women.* Rockford, Ill.(1847) Julia H. Gulliver, Ph. D., LL. D 31 250
Rock Hill college. Ellicott City, Md. (1857) .Brother Dorotheus, F. S. C 12 120
Rollins college,* Winter Park, Fla. (1885) Geo. M. Ward, D. D., LL. D. (acting).. 20 100
Rose Polytechnic inst..* Terre Haute, Ind. (1883) Carl L. Mees, Ph. D 23 183
Rust college, Holly Springs, Miss. (1868) George Evans 16 262
Rutgers college, New Brunswick, N. J. (I766i W. H. S. Demarest, D. D., LL. D 55 1,210
St. Anselm's college, Manchester, N. H. (1899).. E. Helmsetter, D. D., O. S. B 23 145
St. Benedict's college, Atchison, Kas. (1858) Rt.-Rev. Innocent Wolf. O. S. B 24 265
St. Charles college, Catonsville. Md. (1848) Very Rev. M. F. Diuneon, D. D 15 175
St. John's college, Annapolis, Md. (17S4) Thomas Fell, Ph. D., LL. D.. D. C. L.. 13 165
St. John's college, Brooklyn, N. Y. (1870i Very Rev. John W. Moore, C. M 32 700
St. John's college, Washington, D. C. (1866) B. E. Alfred, F. S. C 17 200
St. John's college, Winfield, Kas A. W. Meyer 8 142
St. John's Military academy, Delafleld. Wis Sidney T. Smythe, Ph. D., D. D 17 225
St. John's university, Collegeville. Minn. (1857).. Rt.-Rev. Peter Engel, O. S. B., Ph. D.. 57 437
St. Joseph's college, Rensselaer, Ind. (1891) Rev. Hugh Lear, C. P., P. S 26 300
150 ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Instruc- Stu-
School. location and date of founding. President. tors.dents.
St. Joseph's seminary, Dunwoodie. N. Y. (1895).. John P. C. Chidwick. D. D., LL. D 13 246
St. Lawrence university, Canton, N. Y. (1858) E. L. Hulett (acting) 14 268
St. Louis university, St. Louis. Mo. (1818)...- Very Rev. Bernard J. Otting, S. J 231 1,544
St. Mary college, Dayton, O. (1878) Rev. Bernard P. O'Reilly, S. M 43 460
St. Mary's college, Oakland. Cal. (1863) Brother Vellesian 43 468
St. Mary's college, St. Mary's, Has. (1848) Rev. Wm. J. Wallace, S. J 20 410
St. Mary's college, St. Mary's, Ky. (1821) Rev. M. Jaglowicz, C. R 10 104
St. Meinrad col. & sem.. St. Meinrad. Ind. (1857) Rt.-Rev. A. Schmitt, O. S. B 20 180
St. Olaf college, Northfield, Minn. (1874) Rev. L. A. Vigness 37 600
St. Paul's college, Concorrlia, Mo J. H. C. Kaeppel 8 163
St. Stanislaus college, Chicago, 111. (1890) Rev. L. G. Zapala, C. R., A. M 16 250
St. Stephen's col., Annandale on Hud'n,N.Y.(1860) Rev. W. C. Rodgers, M. A., S. T. D.... 9 60
St. Viator college, Kankakee, 111. (1868) Rev. J. P. O'Mahoney 35 400
Scarritt Morrisville col., Morrisville. Mo. (1846).. C. A. Haskew 14 81
Scotia seminary, Concord, N. C. (1870) A. W. Verner, D. D 20 280
Seton Hall college, South Orange, N. J. (1856).... James F. Mooney, D. D., LL. D 18 287
Shaw university, Raleigh, N. C. (1865) Charles F. Meserve, LL. D 27 366
Shorter college, Rome, Ga. (1877) A. W. Van Hoose, A. M., LL. D 30 260
Shurtleff college, Alton, 111. (1827) George M. Potter, A. M 14 126
Simmons college,* Boston, Mass. (1899) Henry Lefavour, Ph. D., LL. D 117 1,083
Simpson college. Indianola, Iowa (1860) Jas. W. Campbell, Ph. D 33 639
Sioux Falls college, Sioux Falls, S. D Rolvix Harlan, Ph. D 12 201
Smith college,* Northampton, Mass. (1872) Marion Le Roy Burton, Ph. D., LL. D.146 1,725
S. Dakota State college,* Brookings (1871) E. C. Perisho 72 1,105
Southern Baptist Theo. sem., Louisville, Ky.(1859) Edgar Y. Mullins, D. D., LL. D 12 445
Southern Female college, LaGrange. Ga. (1874).. M. W. Hatton 13 125
Southern university, Greensboro, Ala. (1856) C. A. Rush. A. B., D. D 14 161
Southwestern college, Winfield, Kas. (1885) Frank E. Mossman, A. M 22 378
Southwestern Pres. univ., Clarksville, Tenn. (1875) J. R. Dobyns, M. A., LL. D. (chancellor) 9 151
Southwestern univ., Georgetown, Tex. (1873) Chas. McT. Bishop, A. M., D. D 26 719
Spelman seminary, Atlanta, Ga Miss Lucy Hale Tapley 50 738
Springhill college, Mobile, Ala. (1830) E. Cummings, S. J 29 233
State Col. of Washington,* Pullman, Wash. (1892) E. A. Bryan, A. M., LL. D 150 1,647
State University of Iowa,* Iowa City, la. (1847) Thomas H. Macbride, Ph. D.. LL. D....300 3,285
State university, Louisville, Ky William T. Amiger, A.M., D.D., LL. D. 15 225
State University of Montana,* Missoula (1895)... Frederick C. Schenck 60 1,023
Stevens Institute of Technology,* Hoboken, N. J. A. C. Humphreys, M. E., Sc. D., LL.D. 39 452
Suomi college, Hancock, Mich. (1896) J. K. Nikander, D. D 11 125
Susquehanna university, Sellinsgrove, Pa. (1869). Charles T. Aikens, D. D 22 365
Swarthmore college, Swarthmore, Pa. (1869) Joseph Swain, B. L., M. S., LL. D 48 451
Syracuse university,* Syracuse, N. Y. (1870) James R. Day, LL. D. (chancellor) 225 4,020
Tabor college. Tabor, Iowa (1866) . Nelson W. Wehrhan. Ph.B.. B.D. (acting) 12 66
Talladega college,* Talladega, Ala. (1867) John M. P. Metcalf, M. A 39 615
Tarkio college, Tarkio, Mo. (1883) Joseph A. Thompson, D. D 22 253
Taylor university, Upland, Ind. (1848) Monroe Vayhinger. D. D 25 342
Teachers college,* New York, N. Y. (1888) Jas. E. Russell, Ph. D., LL. D 202 3.941
Temple university.* Philadelphia, Pa. (1884) Russell H. Conwell, D. D., LL. D 290 3,696
Texas Christian univ., Fort Worth, Tex. (1873).. Frederick D. Kershner, M. A., LL. D.. 34 661
The Bonebrake Theo. Sem., Dayton, O. (1871) J. P. Landis, D. D., Ph. D 6 70
The Col. of the City of New York.* N. Y. (1*47) Sidney E. Mezes, LL. D 132 2.229
The Geo. Washington univ.,* Wash., D. C. (1821) Charles H. Stockton, LL. D 234 1,973
The Pennsylvania State Col.,* State Col.. Pa. (1855) Edwin Erie Sparks, Ph. D., LL. D 275 3,551
The Teachers' Col. of Indpls.,* Indpls., Ind.(1882) Mrs. Eliza A. Baker 42 800
The Tome School,* Port Deposit, Md Thomas S. Baker. Ph. D 24 225
The Univ. of Rochester, Rochester, N. Y. (1850). Rush Rhees, D. D., LL. D 45 530
The Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tenn. (1794). Brown Ayres, Ph. D., LL. D., D. C. L.200 4.535
Throop Col. of Technology,* Pasadena. Cal. (1S91) James A. B. Scherer, Ph. D., LL. D.... 22 129
Transylvania university, Lexington. Ky. (1798).. R. H. Crossfield, Ph. D., LL. D 26 258
Trinity college, Durham, N. C. (1838) William P. Few, A. M., Ph. D 55 539
Trinity college,* Hartford, Conn. (1823) Flavel S. Luther, Ph. D., LL. D 25 237
Trinity college, Washington, D. C. (1900) Sister Catherine Aloysius 32 224
Trinity university, Waxahachie, Tex. (1869) S. L. Hornbeak, LL. D 20 412
Tufts college, Tufts College, Mass. (1832) Hermon C. Bumpus, LL. D 249 1,541
Tulane university,* New Orleans, La. (1834) Robert Sharp, A. M., Ph. D 310 2.733
Tusculum college, Tusculum, Tenn. (1794) C. O. Gray. D. D 22 212
Tuskogee institute.* Tuskegee, Ala. 0881) Robert Russa Moton 194 1,564
Union Christian college. Merom, Ind. (I860).., C. B. Hershey 13 110
Union college, Barbourville, Ky Ezra T. Franklin, A. M 15 220
Union college, College View, Neb. (1891) Harry A. Morrison 26 350
Union college,* Schenectady, N. Y. (1795) Charles A. Richmond. D. D., LL. D... 40 494
Union Theological sem.. New York, N. Y. (1836).. -Francis Brown, Ph. D., D. D., LL. D. 33 301
Union university, Jackson, Tenn. (1848) G. M. Savage 16 268
U. S. Military academy,* West Point. N. Y.U802) Col. John Biddle, U. S. A. (supt.) 130 589
United States Naval acad..* Annapolis. Md.(lS45) Capt. E. W. Eberle, U. S.- N. (supt.).. ..131 918
University of Alabama,* Tuscaloosa (1831) George H. Denny. LL. D., D. C. L 105 1,509
University of Arizona," Tucson (1891) R. B. van Kleinsmid, LL. D 55 623
University of Arkansas,* Fayetteville (1871) John C. Futrall, M. A 80 814
University of Buffalo,* Buffalo, N. Y. (1846) Chas. P. Norton (chancellor) 205 950
University of California,* Berkeley (I860) Benjamin Ide Wheeler, LL. D 98811,650
Univ. of Chattanoofcl, Chattanoga, Tenn. (1867). Frederick W. Ilixson 22 431
University of Chicago.* Chicago, 111. (1892) Harry Pratt Judson, LL. D 401 8.510
University of Cincinnati.* Cincinnati. O. (1870).. Charles M. Dabney, Ph. D., LL. D 167 2.53$
University of Colorado,* Boulder (1877) Livingston Farrand, M.A.. M.D., LL.D. .126 2.453
University of Denver, Denver, Col. (1864) Henry A. Buchtel, D. D., LL. D 100 2,155
University of Detroit, Detroit, Mich. (1879) Wm. T. Doran, S. J 49 568
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917. 151
School, location and date of founding. President. "lor^dents
University of Florida, Gainesville (1905) A. H. Murphree, LL. D ..69 818
University of Georgia,* Athens (1785) David C. Barrow (chancellor) 57 701
University of Idaho,* Moscow (1892). Melvin A. Brannon, Ph. D 73 864
University of Illinois,* Urbana (1867) Edmund J. James, Ph. D., LL. D 821 6427
University of Kansas,* Lawrence (1866) Frank Strong, Ph. D., LL.D. (chancellories 2*959
University of Kentucky,* Lexington (1865) Henry S. Baker, LL. D 98 1*445
University of Maine,* Orono (1865) Robert J. Aley, Ph. D., LL b"! '"l54 1*269
University of Maryland,* Baltimore (1784) Thos. Fell, Ph.D., LL.D., D.C.L.<provost)293 1^324
University of Michigan,* Ann Arbor (1837) H. B. Hutchins, LL. D 589 7214
University of Minnesota,* Minneapolis (1868i George E. Vincent, LL. D !."600 4,500
University of Mississippi,* University (1848) J. X. Powers, LL. D. (chancellor) 47 626
University of Missouri,* Columbia (1839) Albert Ross Hill, LL. D '. ">72 4349
University of Nebraska,* Lincoln (1869) Samuel Avery, Ph.D., LL.D. (chancellor) 361 4826
University of Nevada, Reno (1886) Archer M. Hendrick, M. A... . 47 '441
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (1892).... David Ross Boyd, Ph. D...
University of North Carolina,* Chapel Hill (1789) Edward K. Graham, M. A Ph D "98 1695
University of North Dakota, Grand Forks (1883).. Frank L. McVey, Ph. D., LL. D. .' .'. 84 1330
Univ. of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Ind. (1849).. John Cavanaugh, C. S. C., D. D 75 1158
University of Oklahoma,* Norman (1892) Stratton D. Brooks, Ph. D., LL. D . .146 1987
University of Oregon,* Eugene (1878) Prince L. Campbell, A. B., LL. D.. ..146 1685
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (1740).. Edgar F. Smith, Ph.D., LL.D. (provost) 606 8,'o69
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. (1787).. S. B. McCormick, LL. D. (chancellor) ..336 3418
University of Porto Rico, Rio Piedras (1903) Paul G. Miller, LL. D 52 1 054
Univ. of Santa Clara, Santa Clara, Cal. (1851 1... Walter F. Thornton, S. J 47 400
Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles (1879). George F. Bovard, A. M., D. D LL D 281 3106
University of Southern Minnesota,* Austin (1896) Wm. W. Meiners, Ph. D., LL. D 36 1,047
University of South Carolina,* Columbia (1805)... W. S. Carrell 41 578
University of South Dakota,* Vermilion (1882)... Robert L. Slagle, M. A., Ph. D . ! 55 750
University of the South, Sewanee, Tenn. (1868).. Albion W. Knight, D. D. (chancellor)... 35 257
University of Tennessee,* Knoxville (1794) Brown Ayres, Ph. D., LL. D... ...201 3,189
University of Texas,* Austin (1883) Robert E. Vinson, D. D., LL. D . .. 201 4210
University of Utah,* Salt Lake City (1850) John A. Widtsoe, A. M., Ph. D 80 1,722
University of Vermont,* Burlington (1791) Guy P. Benton, D. D., Ph. D., LL. D..100 600
University of Virginia,* Charlottesville (1819).... Edwin A. Alderman, D. C. L., LL. D.. 78 1,056
University of Washington,* Seattle (1862) Henry Suzzalo, Ph. D 205 4055
University of Wisconsin,* Madison (1848) Charles R. Van Hise, Ph. D 727 7,624
University of Wyoming,* Lararnie (1886) C. A. Duniway, Ph. D., LL. D 50 600
Upper Iowa university, Fayette, Iowa (1858) R. Watson Cooper 17 458
Upsala college, Kenilworth, N. J. (1893) Rev. Peter Froeberg, B. D., Ph. D 12 100
Ursinus college, Collegeville, Pa. (1869) George L. Omwake, Ph. D 17 202
Utah Agricultural college,* Logan, Utah (1890).. E. G. Peterson, M. A., Ph. D 91 1,200
Valparaiso university, Valparaiso, Ind. (1873) He'nry P. Brown, A. M 220 5,000
Vauderbilt university, Nashville, Tenn. (1873).... J. H. Kirkland, LL. D. (chancellor) .. ..145 938
Vassar college,* Poughkeepsie, N. Y. (1861) Henry N. MacCracken, Ph. D., LL. D..135 1,125
Villanova college, Villanova, Pa Edward G. Dohau, A. M., O. S. A 42 400
Vincennes university,* Vincennes, Ind. (1806) Wm. Halnow, A. M., Ph. D 22 335
Virginia Christian college, Lynchburg, Va. (1903). J. T. T. Hundley 14 105
Virginia Military institute,* Lexington, Va.(l839) Gen. E. W. Nichols (superintendent)... 25 400
Virginia Polytechnic inst.,* Blackburg, Va. (1872) J. D. Eggleston, A. M 53 508
Virginia Union university, Richmond, Va George Rice Hovey, D. D 19 577
Wabash college,* Crawfordsville, Ind. (1832) George L. Mackintosh, D. D., LL. D 21 336
Wake Forest college, Wake Forest, N. C. (1834) Wm. L. Poteat 26 503
Walden university, Nashville, Tenn. (1866) (Vacancy) 14 145
Washburn college, Topeka, Kas. (1865) Parley P. Worner, D. D 68 850
Washington & Jefferson col.,* Wash., I'a. (1802). F. W. Hinitt, D. D., LL. D 20 440
Washington and Lee univ.,* Lexington, Va. (1749) Henry Louis Smith, M. A., Ph. D., LL. D. 33 513
Washington college, CUestertown, Md. (1782) James W. Cain, A. M., Ph. D., LL. D.. 10 114
Washington col.,* Washington College, Tenn. (1795) James T. Cooter 10 135
Washington university, St. Louis, Mo. (1853) D. F. Houston (chancellor) 218 1,871
Waynesburg college,* Waynesburg, Pa. (1850).... Herbert P. Houghton, Ph. D 23 258
Wellesley college,* Wellesley, Mass. (1875) Ellen F. Pendleton, M. A.. Litt. D....134 1,512
Wells college,* Aurora, N. Y. (1868) Kerr D. Macmillnn, S. T. D 33 202
Wesleyan university, Middletown, Conn. (1831).. William A. Shanklin, D. D., LL. D.... 41 504
Western College for Women,* Oxford, O. (1854).. W. M. Boyd, Ph. D 31 255
Western Maryland coK, Westminster, Md. (1867). Thos. H. Lewis, D. D., LL. D 24 230
Western Reserve university,* Cleveland, O. (1826) Charles F. Thwing, D. D., LL. D 259 1,970
Western Theological sem., Pittsburgh, Pa. (1825). James A. Kelso, Ph. D., D. D 10 76
Westminster college, New Wilmington, Pa. (1852) Robert McW. Russell, D. D., LL. D 25 250
West Virginia university, Morgantown (1867) Frank B. Trotter, LL. D 93 1,651
Wheaton college,* Norton, Mass. (1834) S. V. Cole, D. D., LL. D 25 200
Wheaton college, Wheaton, 111. (1860) Charles A. Blanchard, A. M., D. D.... 33 250
Whitman college,* Walla Walla, Wash. (1882).... S. B. L. Penrose, D. D 33 472
Whittier college, Whittier, Cal. (1901) A. Rosenberger, A. B., LL. D 14 134
Whitworth college, Spokane, Wash. (1883) Donald D. McKay, A. M., Ph. D 16 53
Wilberforce university, Wilberforce, O. (1856).... William S. Scarborough, Ph. D., LL. D. 38 455
Wiley university, Marshall, Tex. (1873) M. W. Dogan, A. M., Ph. D 25 450
Willamette university, Salem. Ore. (1844) Carl G. Doney, LL. D 32 378
William and Mary col.,* Williamsburg, Va. (1693) L. G. Tyler, M. A., LL. D 17 242
William and Vashti college, Aledo, 111. (1908) Ward L. Ray, A. M 14 200
William Jewell college, Liberty r Mo. (1849) John P. Greene, D. D., LL. D 40 469
Williams college,* Williamstown, Mass. (1793).... Harry A. Garfield, LL. D 56 508
William Smith college,* Geneva, N. Y. (1908).... Lyman P. Powell, D. D., LL. D 24 107
Wilson college, Chambersbnrsr, Pa. (18701 Anna Jane McKeag, Ph. D., 4 LL. D 22 198
Winthrop college,* Rook Hill, S. C. (1886) David B. Johnson, LL. D 100 976
Wittenberg college, Springfield. O. (1845) Charles G. Heckert, D. D 37 1,120
Wofford college, Spartanburg, S. C. (1854) Henry N. Snyder, M. A., Litt. D., LL. D. 13 328
152
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
School, location and c
Women's College of De
Worcester Poly, inst.,* A
Yale university,* New I
Yankton college, Yankto
York college, York, Neb.
LIQUORS
Barrels.
Fermented liq. 59.808,210
Dist. spirits. Gallons.
Whisky 44,552,490
!ate of founding,
laware,* Newark (1914)..
Vorcester, Mass.- (1865)..
laven Conn. (1701).
Instruc- Stu-
President. tors.deuts.
Ira N. Hollis 56 543
Arthur Twining Hadley, Ph. D., LL. D..494 3,267
Henry K. Warren, M. A., LL. D 27 458
M. O. McLaughlin, M. A., D. D 21 375
n S D (1881)
(1890)
AND SPIRITS PRODU
Year ended
Spirits,
State. gallons.
Kentucky .... 13,941,412
Louisiana .... 12.974.076
Maryland .... 2,602.767
Dist. Columbia 620,729
Massachusetts. 7,910,430
Michigan .... 1,902,013
Missouri 289 881
CED IN THE UNITEI
June 30, 1915.
Liquors,
State. barrels.
Ala. &Miss... 35,659
Alaska 5 912
) STATES.
Liquors,
State. barrels.
Missouri 3,567,763
Montana 241,642
Nebraska .... 425,919
Nevada 17,558
N. Hampshire 282.027
New Jersey... 3.219.685
New Mexico.. 9,168
New York 13.1S0.111
Ohio 4 6 9 2 581
Rum 2,844,313
Gin 3,636,285
Arizona 8,535
Arkansas 10.827
California .... 1,281,951
Colorado 326,138
Connecticut . . 760,502
Dist. Columbia 169.973
Delaware ..:. 125,599
Florida 29 983
Highwines ... 33,854
Alcohol 38.325,049
Coincl. alcohol 42,742,161
Fruit brandy.. 8,521,951
Mont., Id., Ut. 19, 191
Nebraska 1.659.946
N.H., Me.,~Vt. 4,693
New Jersey... 95,779
N. M. & Ariz. 555
New York.. . 10,717.299
N. Carolina. . 1,114
Ohio 7 487 799
Total 140,656,103
Oklahoma .... 13
Oregon 181 27^
BY STATES.
Spirits,
State. gallons.
Ala. & Miss. 81,891
Arkansas ... 31,348
Cal. and Nev 14,735,978
Col. & Wyo. 57
Connecticut . . 142, 8- r >3
Florida 142,389
Hawaii 18,666
Illinois 33,265,472
Indiana . . 19,073,089
Georgia 110 07"?
Hawaii 35.194
Idaho . . 9 3 796
Pennsylvania.. 7,166.300
Rhode Island. 621.977
S. Carolina... 3.767
South Dakota. 43,052
Tennessee ... 89,573
Texas 661.867
Utah 130.121
Virginia 164,517
Washington .. 876.962
Wisconsin .... 4,718,431
Wyoming .... 14.872
Illinois 6.269.757
Indiana 1,568.028
Iowa 472 764
Pennsylvania . 8,954,580
Rhode Island. 944
S. Carolina. . 836.259
Virginia .... 1,010,556
Wash. & Alas. 270
Wisconsin ... 2,133,977
Kentucky .... 763,112
Louisiana .... 502,811
Maine 590
Maryland .... 1,116,811
Massachusetts. 2,378,437
Michigan .... 1.929.472
Minnesota .. . 1.643.108
Total 140.656.103
WINES AND LIQUORS CONSUMED IN THE UNITED STATES.
YEAR.
WINES.
MALT LIQUORS.
DISTILLED SPIRITS
Total wines
and liquors.
Per
capita ot
all wines
and
liquors.
Consump-
tion.
Per
capita
Consumption
Per
capita
Consump-
tion.
Pei-
capita.
Pf . gls.
2.52
2.23
2.86
2.07
.27
5
.47
.58
.39
.32
.42
.46
.44
.50
.43
.25
1840....
1850
1860
1870
Gallons.
4,873.096
6,315,871
11,059,141
12 225 067
Gals.
.29
.27
.35
.32
.56
.46
.'53
.65
.58
.67
.65
.67
.58
.56
.52
.32
Gallons.
23.310.843
36.563,009
101,346.669
204,756,156
414.220,165
855,792.335
1,221,500.160
1.699.985,642
1,821,867.627
1,828.732,448
1.752,634.426
1,851.340.256
1,966.911.744
1,932,531.184
2.030,347.372
2.0^.407,108
1.855.524.284
Gals.
1.36
1.58
3.22
5.31
8.26
13.67
16.01
19.54
20.56
20.26
19.07
19.79
20.66
19.96
20.62
20.54
18.24
Pf . gallons.
43.OtW.884
51,833.473
89.968.651
79,895,708
63,526.694
87.82iU>W
97,248.382
127,754,544
140.0S4.436
125.379.314
121.130.036
133,538.684
138.585,989
139,496.331
147,745,628
143.447,227
127.1 59.098
Gallons.
71,244,823
94,712,353
202.374.461
296,876,931
506.076,400
972.57F.878
1,349. 176, 033
1.874.225.409
2.019.690,911
2.006.233,403
1.935.544,011
2,045.427,018
2.169.356,695
2.128.452.22H
2.233,420,461
2,25:3,27:2,760
2,015.595.291
Gallons,
4.17
4. OS
6.43
7.70
10.08
15.53
' 17.79
21.55
22.79
22.22
21.06
-32.19
22.79
21.98
22.63
22.50
19.80
1880
28.098,179
28.915,993
29,988,467
46,485.223
57.738.848
52,121,646
61,779,549
60.548.078
63,859,232
56,424,711
55,327,461
52,418,430
32.911.909
1890
1900
1906...,
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912"
1913
1914. .
1915
COFFEE AND TEA CONSUMED IN THE UNITED STATES.
YEAR ENDED
JUNE 30.
* COFFEE.
TEA.
Imports.
Price*
Per
capitat
Imports.
Price*
Per
capital
1830
Pounds.
51,488.248
94,996.095
145,272.657
202,144.738
2H5.256.574
446,850,727
499.159,120
787.99 1.911
873.983,689
878,322,468
887.747,747
866.053.699
1,006,362.294
1,120,041.691
Value.
$4.227,021
8.546,222
11,234,835
21.883,797
24.234.879
60.360,769
78,267.432
52.467,943
69.504.647
90.949,963
118,233.958
119.449,045
111,454,240
107,794.377
Cents.
8.3
8.8
7.6
10.8
10.3
13.5
16.0
7.5
7.9
10.3
13.3
13.8
11.1
9.6
Lbs.
2.98
5.06
5.60
5.79
6.00
8.78
7.83
9.81
9.33
9.27
9.23
8.85
10.06
10.52
Pounds.
8.609.415
20,006,886
29.872.654
31,696,657
47,408.481
72,162,936
83386,829
84,845,107
85.6-26.370
102,653,942
101,406,816
94,812,800
91,130,815
96.987,942
Value.
$2,425.018
5,427,010
4.719.232
8.915,327
13,863,273
19,782,931
12,317.493
10.558,110
13.671,946
17,613,569
18,207,141
17,433.688
16,735,302
17,512,619
Cents.
23.3
24.1
14.1
26.3
2-J.4
27.4
15.0
12.4
16.0
17.2
18.0
18.4
18.4
18.1
Lbs.
.53
.99
1.32
.84
.10
.39
.33
.09
.89
.04
1.05
.95
.1)0
.91
1840....
1850
1860
1870
1880 .
1890
1900
1910
1911..
1912...
1913....
1914....
1915
* Average import price per pound. tConsumption per capita based on net imports.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
153
THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST LAW.
Passed by the 51st congress and approved July 2, 1890.
Section 1. Every contract, combination in the
form of trust or otherwise or conspiracy in re-
straint of trade or commerce among the several
states or with foreign nations is hereby declared
to be illegal. Every person who shall make any
such contract or engage in any such combination
or conspiracy shall be deemed guilty of a misde-
meanor, and on conviction thereot shall be pun-
ished by tine not exceeding $5,000 or by imprison-
ment not exceeding one year, or by both said
punishments? in the discretion of the court.
Sec. 2. Every person who shall monopolize or
attempt to monopolize or combine or conspire
with any person or persons to monopolize any
part of the trade or commerce among the
several states or with foreign nations shall be
deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on con-
viction thereof shall be punished by fine not ex-
ceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment not exceed-
ing one year, or by both said punishments, in
the discretion of the court.
Sec.
Every contract, combination in form of
trust or otherwise or conspiracy in restraint of
trade or commerce in any territory of the United
States or of the District of Columbia, or in re-
straint of trade or commerce between any such
territory and another, or between any such
territory or territories and any state or states
or the District of Columbia or with foreign
nations, or between the District of Columbia
and any state or states or foreign nations, is
hereby declared illegal. Every person who shall
make any such contract or engage in any such
combination or conspiracy shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction
tnereof shall be punished by n'ne not exceeding
$5,000 or by imprisonment not exceeding one
year, or by both said punishments, in the dis-
cretion of "the court.
Sec. 4. The several Circuit courts of the
United States are hereby invested with juris-
diction to prevent or restrain violations of this
act: and it shall be the duty of the several
district attorneys of the United States, in their
respective districts, under the direction of the
attorney-general, to institute proceedings in
equity to prevent and restrain such violations.
Such proceedings may be by way of petition
THE MONROE AND
The "Monroe doctrine" was enunciated by
President Monroe in his message to congress
Dec. 2. 1823. Referring to steps taken to arrange
the respective rights of Russia, Great Britain
and the United States on the northwest coast
of this continent, the president went on to eay:
"In the discussions to which this interest has
given rise, and in the arrangements by which
they may terminate, the occasion has been
deemed proper for asserting, as a principle in
which the rights and interests of the United
States are involved, that the American conti-
nents, by the free and independent condition
which they have assumed and maintain, are
henceforth not to be considered as subjects for
future colonization by any European power.
* * * We owe it, therefore, to candor and to
the amicable relations existing between the
United States and those powers to declare that
we should consider any attempt on their part
to extend their system to any portion of this
hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety.
With the existing colonies or dependencies of
any European power we have not interfered
and shall not interfere. But with the govern-
ments who have declared their independence
and maintain it, and whose independence we
have, on great consideration and on just prin-
ciples, acknowledged, we could not view any
interposition for the purpose of oppressing them
or controlling in any other manner their destiny
by any European power in any other light than
as the manifestation of an unfriendly disposi-
tion toward the United States."
DRAGO DOCTRINE.
When in the winter of 1902-03 Germany,
Britain and Italy blockaded the ports of Yen-
setting forth the case and praying that such
violation shall be enjoined or otherwise pro-
hibited. When the parties complained of shall
have been duly notified of such petition the
court shall proceed as soon as may be to the
hearing and determination of the case; and
pending such petition and before final decree
the court may at any time make such temporary
restraining order or prohibition as shall be
deemed just in the premises.
Sec. 5. Whenever it shall appear to the court
before which any proceeding under section 4 of
this act may be pending that the ends of justice
require that other parties should be brought be-
fore the court, the court may cause them to be
summoned, whether they reside in the district
in which the court is held or not; and subpoenas
to that end may be served in any district by
the marshal thereof.
Any property owned under any con-
Sec.
tract or by any combination or pursuant to any
conspiracy (and being the subject thereof) men-
tioned in section 1 of this act and being in the
course of transportation from one state to an-
other or to a foreign country shall be forfeited
to the United States and may be seized and con-
demned by like proceedings as those provided
by law for the forfeiture, seizure and condem-
nation of property imported into the United
States contrary to law.
Sec. 7. Any person who shall be injured in
his business or property by any other person or
corporation by reason of anything forbidden or
declared unlawful by this act may sue therefor
in any Circuit court of the United States in
the district in which the defendant resides or
is found, without respect to the amount in con-
troversy, and shall recover threefold the damages
by him sustained and the cost of suit, including
a reasonable attorney's fee.
Sec. 8. That the word "person" or "persons"
wherever used in this act be deemed to include
corporations and associations existing under or
authorized by the laws of either the United
States, the lawa of any of the territories, the
laws of any state or the laws of any foreign
country.
DRAGO DOCTRINES.
ezuela in attempt to make the latter country
settle up its debts Dr. L. F. Drago. a noted
jurist of Argentina, maintained that force cannot
be used by one power to collect "money owing
to its citizens by another power. Prominence
was given to the contention by the fact that
it was officially upheld by Argentina and fa-
vored by other South American republics. The
principle embodied has become generally known
as the "Drago doctrine."
LODGE RESOLUTION.
In connection with the reported attempt of
Japan to obtain land for the establishment of a
naval base in Mngdalena bay, on the western
coast of Mexico, the senate of the United States
adopted the following resolution Aug. 2, 1912:
"Resolved, That when any harbor or other
place in the American continents is so situated
that the occupation thereof for naval or mili-
tary purposes might threaten the communica-
tions or the safety of the United States, the
government of the United States could not
sec without grave concern the possession of
such harbor or other place by any corporation
or association which has such relation to an-
other government, not American, as to give
that government practical power of control for
national purposes."
THE PTJLSE AT DIFFERENT AGES.
Now born infants, per minute 130 to 140
First year, per minute 115 to 130
Second year, per minute 95 to 110
Third year, per minute 85 to 95
Seventh to fourteenth year, per minute. 80 to 90
In adult age, per minute 70 to 75
In old age, per minute 60 to 75
154
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 11)17.
jForctgn obcrnments.
Rulers and cabinets of the leading countries, with the latest statistics of their area, population,
exports and imports. Revised to Dec. 11, 1916.
GREAT BRITAIN.
Government King. George V. ; heir-apparent. Ed-
ward Albert, prince of Wales.
Prime Minister *David Lloyd George.
Minister Without Portfolio * Arthur Henderson.
Lord Higb Chancellor Sir Robert B. Finlay.
Minister Without Portfolio *Lord Milner.
Lord President of the Council *Earl Curzon.
Chancellor of the Exchequer * Andrew Bonar
Law.
Foreign Affairs Secretary Arthur J. Balfour.
Home Affairs Secretary Sir George Cave.
Colonial Secretary Walter Hume Long.
Secretary for India Joseph Austen Chamberlain.
Secretary for War Earl of Derby.
Minister of Munitions Dr. Christopher Addison.
First Lord of the Admiralty Sir Edward Carson.
President of the Board of Trade Sir Albert
Stanley.
President of the Local Government Board Lord
Rhondda.
Postmaster-General Albert Illingworth.
Chief Secretary for Ireland Henry E. Duke.
Secretary for Scotland R. Munro.
President Board of Agriculture Rowland Proth-
ero.
First Commissioner of Works Sir Alfred M.
Mond.
Minister of Blockade Lord Robert Cecil.
Attorney-General Sir Frederick E. Smith.
Minister of Pensions George N. Barnes.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster Sir Fred-
erick Lawley.
Solicitor-GeneralGordon Hewart.
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Lord Wimborne.
Lord Advocate James A. Clyde.
Minister of Labor John Hodge.
Food Controller Lord Devonport.
Shipping Controller Sir Joseph P. Maclay.
President Board of Education Herbert A. L.
Fisher.
I are within the metropolitan police district, the
population of "Greater London" April 3, 1911.
I was- 7.251.358.
Population of the chief cities in Scotland in 1911:
Glasgow 784,455 Greenock 68.911
Edinburgh 320,315 Perth 36,995
Aberdeen 133.084 Kilmarnock 34.729
Dundee 165,006 Govan 89,725
Paisley 84.477 Partick 66.848
Leith 80,489 Coatbridge 43.287
The total population of Ireland in 1911 was
4.390.219. against a total of 4.458.775 in 1901.
Population of the chief cities of Ireland in 1911:
Dublin 309.272
Belfast 385.492
Cork
Limerick ....
Londonderry
Waterford ..
Galway .
76.632
38.403
40,799
27,430
Dundalk 13.128
Lurgan 12,135
Lisburn 12.172
Wexford 11.455
Sligo 11.163
Kilkenny 13,112
Kingstown 17,227
Portadown 11.727
Bally mena 11.376
Clonmel 10,277
Drogheda 12.425
Newry 12,456
Exports and Imports The total imports of the
British empire in 1915 were $6,893,360,500 ; of the
united kingdom, $4,372,724,000. Total exports of
the empire, $5,051,696,600; of the united king-
dom, $2,647,115,700. The total exports of the
united kingdom to the United States in 1916
were $308,443,223; imports, $1,518,046,203.
INDIA.
Government Governor-general, Baron Frederic
Chelmsford. Legislative authority vested in a
council of sixty-eight members, thirty-six being
official and thirty-two nonofficial.
Area and Population The total area of British
India is 1.773.088 square miles. The total popu-
lation according to the census of March 10,
1911. is 315.132.527. divided among the provinces
as follows:
'Members war cabinet
The British parliamen
legislative authority is
house of lords and the ]
Area and Population Tfr
Scotland, Ireland, Wai
the Channel islands is
total for the British e
miles. The total popu
1911 was 421.178,965.
united kingdom April
census was taken, w
Wales. 2.025.202; Scot
4.390.219: Isle of Man.
96.900. Total. 45.369.09C
The cities of England
than 100.000 population e
London 4 522 961
or council.
t, in which the
vested, consists
louse of commons.
e total area of Ei
es. the Isle of M
121,391 square mil
npire Is 11,498.825
lation of the emi
The population
3, 1911. when th
as: England. 34.(
land. 4,759.445; I
52.034; Channel i
.
and Wales bavin)
ach were in 1911:
Sunderland
Oldham
highest
of the
igland.
an and
3 s ; the
square
lire in
of the
e last
)45.290;
reland.
slands,
? more
151.162
147.495
133,064
131.250
116.928
123.433
119,039
112.042
121.493
130.832
117.113
101,556
106.337
104,787
108,693
108.649
106.377
107.825
114.673
London
alone,
which
Liverpool 746,566
Manchester . .. 714,427
Birmingham .. 525.960
Leeds 445,568
Sheffield 454.653
Bristol 357.059
West Ham.. .. 289.102
Bradford 288.505
Newcastle .. .. 266.671
Kingston-upon-
Hllll 278 024
Blackburn.
Brighton
Gateshead
Derby
Southampton....
Plymouth
Norwich
Birkenhead
Preston
Halifax
Burnlev
Nottingham .
Leicester ....
... 259.942
. 227.242
Middlesbrough. . .
Stockport
South Shields...
Coventry
Salford 231,380
Portsmouth 231.165
Stoke-on-Trent... 234.553
Cardiff 182 280
Huddersfield ....
Swansea
Bolton
... 180 885
Croydon
... 169.559
e above table for ]
listration district
of suburban towns
The figures
are for the i
Including the
given in th
nner or rej
outer belt
Ajmer-Marwara 501,395
Assam 34.018,527
Bengal 52,668,269
Bombay presi-
dency 19.672,642
Burma 12.115.217
Central prov-
inces 13.916.308
Coorg 174,976
Population of the large cities In 1911:
Madras 41.405.404
Northwest prov-
inces 2.196,933
United p r o v -
inces 47.182.044
Punjab 19.974.956
Baluchistan ... 414.412
Andamans 26,459
Calcutta 1.222,313
Bombay 979,445
Madras 518,660
Haidarabad 500.623
Lucknow 259.788
Rangoon 293.316
Benares 203.804
Delhi 232.837
Lahore 228,687
Cawnpore 178.557
Agra 185.449
Ahmedabad 215,835
Allahabad 171,697
Poona 158.856
Imports and Exports Imports in 1915, $589,368,-
700; exports, $653,278,900. Imports from the
United States, $19,298,150; exports, $71,745,626.
DOMINION OF CANADA.
Government The Canadian parliament consists of
eighty-seven life senators and a house of com-
mons of 221 members, there being one repre-
sentative for every 25,367 of population, based
upon the census of 1901. The governor-general
is the duke of Devonshire, appointed in 1916 ;
and the council is made up of the following:
Premier, Robert L. Borden ; minister of agri-
culture, Martin Burrell ; customs, John D.
Reid; finance, T. White; inland revenue. E.
L. Patewaud; interior, William J. Roche;
justice, C. J. Doherty; labor, T. W. Crothers;
marine, fisheries and naval service, J. D. Ha-
zen; militia (vacancy); postmaster-general (va-
cancy); public works, Robert Rogers; rail
ways and canals, Francis Cochrane; secretary
of state and minister of mines, Pierre
Blondin ; trade and commerce, George E. Fos-
ter ; ministers without portfolio, A. E. Kemp,
iXMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
J. A. Lougheed, Georj
ernor-general gets a &
the premier $12,000 a
$7,000 each.
Area and Population Tl
is 3.729,665 square mil
land area.
Area of provinces:'
Province. Sq. miles.
Alberta 255,285.00
Brit. Columbia 355,855.00
Nova Scotia.. 21,427.77
Ontariot 260.862.00
Prince Edward
island 2,184.36
QuebecJ 351.873.00
Manitoba* ... 73.731.72
*Area increased in 191$
flncreased in 1912 to 40
creased in 1912 to 706,834 f
in 1912 to 1.242,224 squar
The census taken June
lowing population by pr
Province. 1911.
Alberta 374.663
B'tish Columbia 392.480
Manitoba 455,614
New Brunswick 351,889
Nova Scotia.... 492,338
Ontario 2.523.274
Prince Edw.Isl. 93.728
Quebec 2.003,232
Saskatchewan... 492,432
Yukon 8,512
No'west territ's 18,481
je H. Perley. The gov-
alary of $50,000 a year,
nd the other ministers
ic total area of Canada
es, of which 3,603.910 is
Province. Sq. miles.
N. Brunswick 27,985.11
Saskatchewan 251,700 00
Yukon 207,076.00
Northwest ter-
ritories ...1,921.685.00
Nelson. B. C 4,476
New Glasgow. N.S. 6,383
New Westminster.
B C ... . 13 199
St. Thomas. Ont.. 14.054
Saruia, Out 9,947
Saskatoon, Sas 12,004
Sault Ste. Marie,
Ont 10 984
Niagara Falls. Out. 9,248
North Bay. Ont... 7.737
N'rthToronto.Ont. 5,362
North Sydney. N.S. 5.418
North Vancouver.
B C 8 306
Shawinigan Falls,
Out 4 265
Sherbrooke, Que.. 16,405
Smith's Falls, Ont. 6,370
Sorel Que 8 4?0
Orillia. Ont 6,828
Oshawa. Ont 7.436
Ottawa. Ont 87.062
Outremont. Que.. 4,820
Owen Sound. Ont. 12,558
Paris. Ont 4.098
Pembroke. Out... 5,626
Peterborough, Ont. 18,360
Portage La Prairie.
Man 5.892
Snriiighill. N. S.. 5.713
Stratford, Ont.... 12.946
Strathcona, Alb.. 5,579
Sudbury, Ont 4,150
Sydney. N. S 17.723
Total ... 3,729,664.96
Sydney Mines, N.S. 7,470
Thetford Mines.
Que 7 '61
to 251,832 square miles.
7,262 square miles. Jln-
quare miles. Decreased
e miles.
1. 1911, showed the fol-
>vinces: Pr. ct.
1901. Increase, incr.
73,022 301.641 413.08
178,657 213.823 119.68
255.211 200.403 78.52
331.120 20.769 6.27
459,574 32,764 7.13
2,182,947 340.261 15.58
103.259 *9,531 *9.23
1,648 898 354.434 21.46
91.279 401.153 439.48
27,219 *18,707 *68.73
20,129 *1.648 *8.19
Toronto Ont 376 53S
Trois-Rivieres.
Que 13.691
Port Arthur. Ont. 11,220
Port Hope, Ont... 5.092
Prince Albert. Sas. 6.254
Prince Rupert.
B C 4 184
Truro. N. S 6,107
Valley Field. Que. 9,449
Vancouver. B. C.. 100. 401
Verdun. Que 11.629
Quebec Que 78 190
Victoria. B. C.... 31.660
Waterloo On* 4.359
Welland, Out 5.318
Westmount. Que.. 14.579
Westville. N. B.. 4.417
Windsor. Ont 17.829
Winnipeg. Man. ..136,035
Woodstock. Ont.. 9.320
Yarmouth, N. S.. 6.609
Regina Sas. 30213
Revelstoke, B. C. 3.017
St. Boniface. Man. 7.483
St.Catherines.Ont. 12.484
St.Hvacinthe.Que. 9.797
St. Jean. Que 5.903
St. John, N. B... 42.511
Population by origin (1
British total 3,896,985
English 1,823.150
911):
Dutch 54,986
Total 7,206.643
5.371.315 1.833.212 34.13
per square mile in 1911:
Persq.
Female. Total. mile.
150,674 374,663 1.47
140.861 392.480 1.09
205.558 455,614 6.18
172.022 351.889 12.61
241.319 492.338 22.98
1.223.984 2.523.274 9.67
46,659 93,728 42.91
991.465 2.002.712 5.69
200,702 492.432 1.95
2,004 8,512
Finnish 15,497
'Decrease.
Population by sex and
Province. Male.
Alberta 223,989
B'tish Columbia 251,619
Manitoba 250,056
Scotch 997 880
Hindu 2.342
Welsh 24 848
Indian 105 492
Other 723
Italian 45 411
French 2.054.890
Japanese 9.021
German 393,320
Austro-Hung 129.103
Austrian 42,535
Bukovinian ... 9,960
Galician 35,158
Jewish 75.681
Negro 16.877
Polish 33 365
New Brunswick 179,867
Nova Scotia.... 251,019
Ontario 1.299.290
Prince Edw.Isl. 47,069
Quebec 1.011.247
Saskatchewan... 291.730
Yukon 6 508
Russian 43,142
Scandinavian ... 107.535
Swiss 6.625
Turkish 3 880
Hungarian 11,605
Ruthenian 29,845
Belgian 9 593
Various 18 310
Bulgarian-Rou-
manian 5.875
Chinese 27.774
Manufactures [From cei
for year 1910.1
Establishments
Unspecified 147,345
Total pop 7,206,643
isus taken in June. 1911.
1900. 1910.
14 fiSO 19 218
No'west territ's 8,530
Total 3.820.8S7
The rural population I
the urban population 3.2
population was 3,369,018 i
2.002.297. The increase o
ten years was therefore
1.278.147. or 16.48 per -cen
per cent for the urban.
The population of the
in 1911 was:
Amherst. N. S.... 8.973
Arn prior. Out 4,405
Barrie. Out 6.420
Belleville. Out.... 9.876
Berlin. Out 15.196
Brandon. Man.... 13.839
Brantford. Out.... 23.132
Brockville, Out... 9,374-
Calgary. Alb 43.704
8,421 16.951 ......
3,383.640 7.204.527 1.93
n 1911 was 3.924.083 and
80.444. In 1901 the rural
ind the urban population
f rural population in the
555,065 and of the urban
t for the rural and 63.83
jriucipal cities and towns
Glace Bay. N. S.. 12.562
Goderich, Ont 4,552
Granby, Que 4.750
Grand 'Mere. Que. 4,783
Guelph. Ont 15,175
Halifax, N. S 46.619
Hamilton. Out.... 81,969
Hawkesburv. Ont. 4,400
Hull. Que 18.222
Ingersoll. Ont 4.763
.Toilette. Que 6,346
Kamloops, B. C.. 3,772
Kaslo. B. C 3,146
Kenora, Ont 6,158
Kingston, Out.... 18.874
Lachine. Que 10.699
Leathbridge. Alb. 8.050
Levis. Que 7.452
Capital $446916487 $1247583609
Employes on salaries 30.691 44,077
Salaries *23 fi? 14 $43 77<t 71 s
Employes on wages
Wa ges
308.482 471.126
. $89.573.204 $197,228,701
.$266,527.858 $601.509.018
.$481,053,375 $1.165.975.639
groups (1910).
Wage Value
)ital. earners, products.
044,523 52,730 J245.669.321
787,407 72.672 135.902,441
561,319 48.558 113.640.610
889.715 110.049 .184,630.376
788.803 22,742 62,850,412
677,612 22,894 46,458.053
237,757 4,688 28.936,782
926,124 5,274 27.798,833
859.507 17,699 25.781.860
133.540 17.502 73.241.796
659.935 8,763 25.329.323
397,096 35,778 89.712,114
351,765 4,414 6.575.417
148.103 38,537 i04, 618,560
120.403 8,826 14.829,741
Raw materials
Value products
Industries by principal
Establish-
Groups. ments Caj
Food products 6,985 $133,
Textiles 1,444 108,
Iron and steel 824 123,
Timber, lumb'r 4.999 259,
Leather prod-
Charlottetown,
P. E 1 11.198
Chatham. N. B... 4,6(56
Chatham. Ont 10.770
Cobalt, Ont 5.638
Chi-contimi. Que.. 5.880
Coborg. Ont 5,074
Collingwood. Ont. 7.090
Cornwall, Ont.... 6.598
Dartmouth. N. S.. 5.058
Dawson, Yukon... 3.013
Dundas Ont 4 299
Paper.printing 773 62
Liquors 260 43.
Chemicals .... 178 26
Clay, ghiss.
stone prod'tn 771 45,
Metals other
than steel... 341 67,
Tobacco 173 21.
Lindsay, Ont 6,964
London. Ont 46.300
Mai.sonneuve. Que. 18.6S4
Medicine Hat, Alb. 5,608
Midland. Ont 4.663
Moncton. N B.... 11.345
Montreal. Que 470.480
Mooseiaw. Sas.... 13.823
Nanaimo. C... 8.306
Vessels 172 10
Miscellaneous 1,011 235,
Hand trades.. 423 11
Edmonton. Alb... 24,900
Fernie, B. C 3,146
Ft. William. Ont. 16.499
Fraserville. Que.. 6.774
Fredericton. N. B. 7.208
Gait. Ont 10.299
Total 19,218 1,247,583,609 471,126 1.165.975.639
Religions of Canada in 1911. Figures here
given are only for denominations having more
than 10,000 members:
156
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Ldventists
10,406
k-nglicans 1,043,017
382.666
10,012
16.773
14.562
11.329
10.493
10.595
Greek church... 88,507
Jews 74,564
Lutherans
Mennonites
229.864
44.611
Methodists 1,079.892
Mormons 15.971
Presbyterians ..1.115.324
Protestants .... 30.265
Roman Catholics2,833,041
Salvation Army 18.834
Baptists
Buddhists
Christians
Confucian
Congregati'alists 34.054
Discioles ...
Doukhobors
Evangelicals ... . ^ ~.. .,
Imports and Exports The total value of the im-
ports for the year endrd March 31, 1915, was
$629,444,894 ; exports, $490,808.877. Imports from
the United States (1916), $466,884,415; exports
to the United States, $204,018,227.
COMMONWEALTH OP AUSTRALIA.
July 9, 1900, the British parliament passed an
act empowering the six provinces of Australia to
form a federal union and Jan. 1, 1901. the new
commonwealth was proclaimed at Sydney, N. S.
W. Its first parliament was opened May 9. 1901,
by the prince of Wales (now George V.), heir-
apparent to the British throne, acting for his
father. King Edward VII. The capital at pres-
ent is in Melbourne.
Government The federal parliament is made up
of a senate of thirty-six members, six from
each original state, and a house of representa-
tives of seventy-five members, apportioned as
follows: New South Wales, 27; Victoria. 21;
Queensland. 10; South Australia, 7: Western
Australia, 5; Tasmania, 5. The king is repre-
sented by the governor-general. He and the
council of seven ministers exercise the execu-
tive power. The governor-general is paid a
salary of $50,000 a year. The governor-general
is Ronald C. Munro-Ferguson. The ministers
are: W. M. Hughes, prime minister and treas-
urer; F. G. Tudor, trade and customs; G. F.
Pearce, defense ; W. Webster, postmaster-gen-
eral ; Hugh Mahon, external affairs ; King
O'Malley, home affairs ; W. G. Higgs, treas-
urer ; J. A. Jensen, navy.
Area and Population The commonwealth has a
total area of 2,974.581 square miles, divided
among the states as follows:
New South Wales.310.372
Victoria 87.884
Queensland 670,500
North'rn Territ'y.523.620
West'n Australia 975.920
Tasmania 26,215
South Australia... 380.070 .
The total population of the commonwealth as
enumerated April 2. 1911. was 4,455.005. divided
among the states as follows:
Western Austra-
lia .............
Tasmania ......
282.114
191.211
New South Walesl. 648,448
Victoria 1,315.551
Queensland 605,813
South Australia. 408.558
North'n Terrify 3.310 Total 4.455.005
The population of Melbourne in 1911 was 600.160;
Sydney (1911). 636,353: Adelaide (1911). 192.429;
Wellington (1911). 70.729: Brisbane (1911), 143.514.
Exports and Imports The total exports of the
states in the commonwealth in 1915 were $333,-
001,500; total imports, $321,903,700. Australia
in 1916 exported merchandise valued at $54,174,-
324 to the United States and imported mer-
chandise worth $59,245,084.
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA.
Sept. 29. 1909. the British parliament passed an
act empowering the four serf-governing colonies
of South Africa Cape of Good Hope. Natal.
Transvaal and Orange Free State to form a
federal government to be known as the Union of
South Africa. This v,-as proclaimed May 31, 1910.
at Pretoria, the seat of government, other serv-
ices taking place at Cape Town, the seat of the
legislature.
The executive government is vested in the king,
represented by a governor-general, and an ex-
ecutive council and in ten ministers of state.
Legislative power is vested in a parliament con-
sisting of a senate and a house of assembly.
The senate contains forty members, eight of
whom are nominated by the governor-general in
council and thirty-two elected by the four prov-
inces, each of which is entitled to eight senators.
The assembly consists of 121 members, chosen in
electoral divisions as follows: The Cape of Good
Hope. 51: Natal. 17: Transvaal, 36: Orange Free
State. 17. Senators are elected for ten years and
assemblymen for five. The English and Dutch
languages are both official.
Imports and Exports The total imports of the
four states in 1915 were valued at $159,053,500
and the exports at $314,871,000. Exports to the
United States in 1915, $4,947,311; imports, $14,-
Gove'rnor-General Viscount Buxton of Newtini-
ber. Cabinet: Premier and minister of native
affairs. Gen. Louis Botha ; nuance, railways
and harbors, Henry Burton ; defense, J. C.
Smuts ; railways, Henry Burton ; justice, N. J.
de Wet ; education and mines, F. S. Malan ;
interior and public works, Sir T. Watt ; agri-
culture, H. C. Van Heerden ; lands, H. Mentz ;
posts and telegraphs, Sir Mairing Beck ; with-
out portfolio, J. A. C. Graaf.
Area in square miles and population in 1911:
Province. Area. Population.
Cape of Good Hope 276,995 2.564,965
Natal 35.290 1.194.043
Transvaal 110.426 1.686.212
Orange Free State 50.389 528.174
Total 473.100 5.973.394
ALBANIA.
Albania is an autonomous kingdom created at a
conference of ambassadors in London May 30,
1913. as a result of the Balkan wars. Its terri-
tory formerly comprised the Turkish provinces of
Scutari and Yanina. It has an area of 11.317
square miles and a population of nearly 1.000.000.
Until the outbreak of the European war in Au-
gust, 1914, it was governed by a king (mpret)
and an international commission. William I..
prince of Wied, was the first king, but he was
on the throne only half a year, an insurrection
compelling him to leave the capital. Durazzo.
Sept. 2, 1914. Since then the country has been
in a state of disorder. The Austrians captured
the greater part of it in the winter of 1915-1916.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.
Government Emperor of Austria and king of
Hungary, Charles I. (Charles Franc-is Joseph);
. heir-apparent, Archduke Francis Joseph Otto.
Joint or common ministry:
Foreign Affairs Count Czernin von Chudenitz.
War Gen. Krobatin.
Finance Baron Stefihan Burian.
Cabinet for Austria:
Premier Count Clarm-Martiniz.
Interior Ilerr von Handel.
Commerce Dr. Urban.
Finance Alexander Spitzmueller.
Railways Dr. Z. von Forstcr.
Instruct ion Baron Hussarek.
Agriculture Count Clarm-Martiniz.
Justice Herr von Schenck.
National Defense Gen. Friedrich Baron Georgl.
Labor Ilerr von Trnka.
Cabinet for Hungary:
Premier Count Stephan Tisza.
Interior Johann Sandor.
Finance Johann Teleszky.
Defense Samuel Hazay.
Justice Dr. Engen Balogh.
Commerce Baron John Harkanyi.
Agriculture Baron Emeric Ghillanyi.
Education Dr. Adalbert -Yaukovich.
Minister for Croatia and Slavonia Emmerich
von Hideghety.
The empire of Austria and the kingdom of
Hungary are sovereign states, each with its own
constitution, legislative bodies and system of
administration, co-ordinate in rank and mutually
independent within the domain of home affairs.
Foreign representation (embassies and consu-
lates), the army and navy, customs (import and
export duties) and the administration of the an-
nexed provinces (Bosnia and Herzegovina) are.
however, conducted in common. Legislation on
matters affecting the interests of the dual mon-
archy as a whole is intrusted to the delegations
two bodies of sixty members ench. chosen from
among members of the two legislative chambers
of Austria and Hungary respectively.
Area and Population Area of Austria. 115.903
square miles: of Hungary, 125.395 square miles.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1U17.
157
The population of Austria in 1910 was 28,324,940.
The population of Hungary in 1910 was 20.886,787.
Total population for both countries in 1910 was
49.211.727.
Largest cities of Austria in 1910:
Trieste
229 475
223.741
206.113
151.886
151.781
of Hung
880 371
Czernowitz
Pilseu
Liuz
Poia
ary in 1910:
87.128
80.343
67.817
58,081
78,223
72.555
66.834
63.166
62 445
Prague
Lemberg
Cracow (1909) . . .
Gratz
Largest cities
Budapest . .. .
Szeged
Szabadka .
..118.328
94 610
Temesvar
Debreczen ....
.. 92.729
Arad
Zagrab ..
.. 79.038
HodrnezoVas'rholv
Imports and Exports The value of the imports
into the Austro-Hungarian -customs territory in
1914 was $573,580,000; exports, $419,980,000. Chief
imports are cotton, coal, wool, maize, tobacco,
coffee and wines: principal exports lumber and
wool manufactures, sugar, eggs, barley, lignite,
malt, leather, gloves and shoes. Imports from
the United States in 1916, $152,929; exports to
United States, $1,431,570.
BELGIUM.
Government King, Albert I. Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of War Ch. de Broqueville.
Foreign Affairs Baron Beyens.
Interior Paul Berryer.
Finance M. Levie.
Justice H. Carton de Wiart.
Agriculture and Public Works G. Helleputte.
Industry and Labor M. A. Hubert.
Science and Arts E\ Poulet.
Colonies J. Reukin.
Railways A. Van de Vyvere.
Marine, Posts and Telegraphs P. Segers.
The legislative power is vested in the king,
senate and chamber of representatives. The sen-
ate has 120 members and the chamber 186, or one
for every 40,000 inhabitants.
Area and Population Total area, 11,373 square
miles. Total population, 1910, 7,423,784; estimated
population, 1912, 7,571,387. Population of the
largest cities Dec. 31. 1912:
Antwerp 312.884 i Liege 170,634
Brussels (capital). 663, 647 J Ghent 167.477
Imports and Exports The imports in the first
six months of 1914 amounted to $460,630,000 and
the exports to $370,795.000. The trade with the
United States in 1916 was: Imports, $21,844,-
638 ; exports, $1,478,579. Chief imports in normal
times are cereals, textiles and metal goods ;
chief exports, cereals, raw textiles, tissues,
iron, glass, hides, chemicals and machinery.
BULGARIA.
Government-King. Ferdinand. Legislation is en-
acted by the sobranje. a single chamber of 209
members elected for five years. Bulgaria in
1908 declared itself independent of Turkey, un-
der the suzerainty of which country it had
been an autonomous principality.
Premier M. Kadoslavoff.
Area and Population Area. 43,310 square miles.
Population in 1914. 4,752,997. Population of !
Sofia, the capital. 102.769
Imports and Exports Exports in 1914, $28,812,300 ;
imports, $44.58&,800. Exports to the United
States in 1916, $95,395 ; imports, $44,223. The
exports are mainly cereals and the imports
textiles.
DENMARK.
Government King. Christian X.: heir-apparent.
Prince Christian Frederick. Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of Justice Carl Theodor.
Finance Christopher Hage.
Foreign Affairs Erik Seavenius.
Home Affairs Ove Rode.
Agriculture Kr. Pederson.
Instruction Rev. K. Nielsen.
Commerce J. H. Juergensen.
Defense P. Munch.
Legislative authority is vested in the lands-
thing and folkething. The former, which is the
upper house, has 66 members, twelve of whom
are appointed for life, the remainder being
elected for terms of eight years. The folkethiug.
or lower house, has 114 niemuers, each elected
for three years.
Area aud Population Denmark's area is 15,582
square miles and total population in 1911,
2,775,076. Copenhagen, the capital, has a popu-
lation of 462,161 ; with suburbs, 637,453.
Imports and Exports Total exports in 1914, $240,-
957,200; imports, $220,913,300. The imports from
the United States in 1916 were $55,662,411; ex-
ports, $3,421,921. Leading articles of export are
butter, pork, eggs and lard ; of import, textiles,
cereals, wood, iron manufactures and coal.
FRANCE.
Government President. Raymond Poincare; term
expires 1920.
Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs
*Aristide Briand.
Justice Rene Viviani.
Public Instruction Prof. Paul Painleve.
Colonies Gaston Doumergue.
Finance *Alexandre Ribot.
War *Gen. Hubert L. Yautey.
Marine *Rear-Admiral Lacaze.
Munitions *Albert Thomas.
Interior Louis J. Malvy.
Public Works Marcel Sembat.
Commerce and Agriculture Etienne Clementel.
Labor and National Subsistence M. Herriot.
Without Portfolio Jules Guesde, Emil Combes,
Leon Bourgeois, Denys Cochin, M. de Frey-
cinet.
*Council of national defense.
Legislative authority is vested In the chamber
of deputies and the senate. The former has 602
members, each of whom is elected for four years.
The senate has aoo members, elected for nine
years. The presidential term is seven years.
Area and Population France has a total area of
207,054 square miles. The area of the French
colonies and dependencies throughout the world
is 4.367.746 square miles. Total population
(1911) of France proper. 39.601.509. Population
of the principal cities in 1911:
Paris 2,888,110
Marseilles 550,619
Lyons 523.796
Bordeaux 261.678
Lille 217,807
Nantes 170.535
Toulouse 149.576
St. Etienne 148,656
Nice 142,940
Havre 136.159
Imports and Exports The total imports in 1915
amounted to $1,614,905,000; exports, $604,460,000.
Exports to the United States in 1916, $102,077,-
620; imports from, $630,672,504. The chief ex-
ports are textiles, wine, raw silk, wool, small
wares and leather ; imports, wine, raw wool,
raw silk, timber and wood, leather, skins and
linen.
GERMANY.
Government Emperor and king of Prussia. Wil-
helin II.; heir-apparent. Prince Friedrich Wil-
helm. Cabinet officers:
Imperial Chancellor Dr. Theobald von Bethmaun-
Hollweg.
Foreign Affairs Dr. Alfred Zimmermann.
Interior Herr Dr. Carl Helfforich.
Navy Admiral Eduard von Capelle.
Justice Herr Dr. Lisco.
Colonies Herr Dr. Solf.
Treasury Count Siegfried von Roedcrn.
Postal Affairs Dr. Reinhold Kraetke.
Commerce Herr Reinhold Sydow.
President of Imperial Railway Administration
Herr von Breitenbach.
Railways Herr Wackerzapn.
Imperial Exchequer Herr von Magdeburg.
Imperial Bank Herr Havenstein.
The Prussian minister of war, Lieut.-Gen.
von Stein, while nominally having jurisdic-
tion over Prussian army affairs only, represents
the imperial government in the reichstag in mili-
tary matters and is, for all practical purposes,
German secretary of war. Of the various inde-
pendent states of Germany only the kingdoms of
Prussia. Saxony. Bavaria and Wurttemberg have
their own ministers of war.
Legislative authority is vested in a bundesrath.
or senate, of 61 members, and a reichstag. or
158
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
house, of 397 members. The latter are elected
for five year terms on a popular franchise and
the senators are appointed from the state gov-
ernments for each session.
Area and Population The area of the states in
the empire is 208,780 square miles: area of de-
pendencies about 1,027,820 square miles; grand
total. 1.236.600 square miles.
The last federal census was taken Dec. 1. 1910.
According to this the population of the empire
was 64.925,993. The estimated population of the
foreign dependencies is 13.946.200. State popula-
tion in 1910:
Prussia 40.165.219
Bavaria 6,887,291
Wurttemberg... 2,437,574
Baden 2,142.833
Saxony 4.806,661
Hesse 1,282.219
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin .... 639.958
Oldenburg 483.042
Brunswick 494.339
Saxony 417,149
Mecklenburg-
Strelitz 106,442
Hamburg 1,014,664
Reuss, elder
branch 72,769
Lubeck 116,599
Bremen 295,715
German cities having
itants in 1910 incl"d '1
Berlin 2,071,257
Hamburg 931,035
Munich 596.467
Leipzig 589,850
Dresden 548,308
Cologne 516,527
Breslau 512,105
Frankfort am.M. 414,576
Marine Admiral Danrianos.
War Gen. Drakos.
Interior M. Tselos
Communications M. Argyropoulos.
Finance M. Tf;anetculas.
Justice M. Hatzakos.
Legislative authority is vested in one chamber
the boule. consisting of 235 members, each of
whom is elected for four years.
Area and Population Total area. 41.923 square
miles. Population in 1914, 4,821,300. Athens in
1907 had 167,479 inhabitants ; Piraeu
Duesseldorf
358,728
Saxe-Meiningen 278,762
Anhalt 331 128
Patras, 37,724; Saloniki (1913), 160,000.'
Exports and Imports The total exports in 1914
Saxe-Coburg-
Gotha 257 177
amounted in value to $23,427,300 ; imports, $35 -
026,900. Exports to the United States in 1916
Saxe-Altenburg 216,128
Lippe 150,937
Schwarzburg-
Rud . 100 702
$9,138,934 ; imports from the United States, $31 -
024.363. The leading exports are currants, ores,
olive oil and figs; imports, foodstuffs, textiles,
coal and timber -
Schwarzburg-
Sond 89,917
Reuss, junior
branch 152 752
ITALY.
Government King. Victor Emmanuel III.: heir
to the crown, his son Humbert prince of
Schaumburg-
Lippe 46,652
Waldeck 61,707
Alsace-Lorraine 1,874,014
Total 64,925,293
more than 150,000 inuau-
the following:
Rixdorf 237,289
Piedmont, born Sept. 16, 1904.
President of Council, Sig. Paolo Boselli.
Foreign Affairs Baron Sonnino.
Grace and Justice Sig. Sacchi.
Treasury Sig. P. Carcano.
Finance Sig. Meda.
War Gen. Paolo Morrone.
Public Instruction Sig. Francesco Ruflini.
Public Works Sig Ciuffelli.
Stettin 236,113
Agriculture Sig. M. Raineri.
Duisburg 229.483
Dortmund 214.226
Posts and Telegraphs Sig. Fera.
( 'olonios Sig. Colosimo.
Kiel 211.627
Interior Affairs Sig. Vittorio Orlando
Mannheim 193,902
Halle-ou-Saale.. 180,843
Strassburg 17S.S01
Schoeneberg 172,823
Altona 172,628
Danzig 170,337
Elberfeld 170.195
Gelsenkirchen... 169.513
Barmen 169.214
Posen 156 691
Marino Vice-Admiral Camillo Corsi.
Industry and Commerce Sig. de Nava.
Legislative authority vests in the king and par
liii:::i :it. The latter consists of a senate of 410
members (in 1916) and a chamber of deputies of
508 members.
Area and Population The area of Italy is 110,632
square miles. According to the census of Jan.
1, 1915, the total population was 36,120,118.
Aachen 156 143
Population of the principal cities:
Cassel 153 196
Naples 697,917 Florence 242147
Milan 663,039 Catania 217389
Rome . . 590 960 Bologna 189 770
16 240 000 total imports,
Turin 451,994 Venice 168038
Palermo 345891 Messina 130000
began have been made
Genoa 300.139 Livorno 108.585
Nurnberg 333,142
Charlottenburg.. 305,978
Hanover 302,375
Essen 294,653
Chemnitz 287,807
Stuttgart 286,218
Magdeburg 279,629
Bremen 247,437
Koenigsberg ... 245,994
Exports and Imports'
months of 1914), $1,2
$1,346,570.000. No det
merce since the war
public.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1916, Ger-
many exported $13,945,743 worth of merchandise
to the United States and imported merchandise
valued at $288.851.
SOVEREIGNS OF STATES.
Anhalt Duke, Friedrich II.
Baden Grand duke. Friedrich II.
Bavaria King, Ludwig III.
Brunswick Duke. Ernst Augustus.
Hesse Grand duke. Ernst Ludwig.
Lippe Count. Leopold IV.
Mecklenburg-Schwerin Grand duke. Friedrich
Franz IV.
Mecklenburg-Strelitz Grand duke, Adolph Fried-
rich VI.
Oldenburg- Grand duke, Friedrich August.
Prussia King. Wilhelm II.
Reuss. Elder Branch Prince. Heinrich XXIV.
Reuss. Younger Branch Prince. Heinrich XXVII.
Saxe-Altenburg Duke. Ernst II.
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Duke, Charles Edward.
Saxe-Meiningen Duke, Bernhard.
Saxony (grand duchy) Grand duke. Wilhelm Ernst.
Saxony King, Friedrich August III.
Schaumburg-Lippe Prince. Adolf.
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt Prince, Gunther.
Waldeck Prince. Friedrich.
Wurttemberg King. Wilhelm II.
GREECE.
Government King. Constantine I.; heir-apparent.
Prince George, duke of Sparta. Cabinet:
President of the Council and Minister of Educa-
tion Prof. Spyridon Lambros.
Foreign Affairs M. Zalocostas.
Exports and Imports The value of merchandise
exported in 1914 was $443,580,000; imported, $576,-
410,000. The total value of exports to the United
States in 1916 was $57,432,436 : imports from the
United States, $270,489,922. Chief imports are
coal, cotton, grain, silk, wool, timber, ma-
chinery, sugar and oil: chief exports, silk, wine,
oil. coral, sulphur, hemp and flax.
MONTENEGRO.
King. Nicholas I. Area, 5,603 square miles:
population, 516.000: of the capital. Cetinje. 4.500.
Total exports in 1910, $498.200; imports. $1,701,300.
Montenegro has practically no trade with the
United States. Chief exports are sumac, smoked
sardines, cattle, sheep, goats, cheese, olive oil,
wine and tobacco. Imports include petroleum,
salt, maize, cottons, hardware, sugar, coffee and
rice.
NORWAY.
Government King, Haakon VII.: crown prince,
President of Council and Minister of Agriculture
Gunnar Knudsen.
Foreign Affairs M. Ihlen.
Justice Lars Abrahamsen.
Commerce C. Friis-Peterson.
Labor M. Omholt.
Finance M. Blehr.
Education and Worship M. Lovland.
Defense Gen. Holtfodt.
Legislative authority is vested in the storthing,
consisting of 123 members elected for three years
through universal suffrage by men and women.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
The storthing: consists of two houses, the odels-
thiug and the lagthing. The former is made up
of three-fourths of the members of the storthing
and the latter of one-fourth.
Area and Population The total area of Norway
is 124.130 square miles. Total population in De-
cember. 1910. 2.391.782. Christiania in 1910 had
a population of 241,834 and Bergen 76,867.
Imports and Exports The value of the imports in
1914 was 5141,819,175; exports, $98,597,500. Ex-
ports to the United States in 1916, $6,851,714;
imports, $53,678,126. The chief exports are tim-
ber and wood manufactures, wood pulp, malty
food, paper and minerals; imports, breadstuff's,
groceries, yarn, textiles, vessels and machinery.
PORTUGAL. .
Government President, Bernardina Machada.
Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of Colonies Dr. Almeida.
Foreign Affairs Senhor Auguste Scares.
Justice Seuhor M. de Curvalho.
Public Works Senhor Antonio M. Silva.
War Gen. Nortom de Mattos.
Marine Senhor Victor H. A. Coutinho.
Finance Dr. Affonso Costa.
Instruction Senhor Joaquim P. Martins.
Legislative authority is vested in a national
council of 164 members and an upper house of
71 members. The first elections were held May
28. 1911. and the assembly opened June 19.
Area and Population Total area, including Azores
and Madeira, 35,490 square miles. Area of pos-
sessions in Africa and Asia, 801,060 square
miles. The population of the home country
with the Azores and Madeira in 1911 was
5,957.985; of the colonies in Africa and Asia.
9.139,444. In 1910 Lisbon had a population of
356.009 and Oporto 167.955.
Imports and Exports Total imports in 1913, $89,-
939,590; total exports, $36,683,210. Imports from
the United States in 1916, $14,721,874 ; exports to
the United States, $7,171,295. The chief imports
are foodstuffs, cotton, sugar, fish, wool, leather,
coal and coffee; chief exports, wine, sardines,
copper ore. olives and figs.
ROTIMANIA.
Government King, Ferdinand.
Legislative authority- is vested In a senate of
120 members elected for eight years and a cham-
ber of deputies of 183 members elected for four
years.
Area and Population The total area is 53.689
square miles The population in 1899 was 5, 956. 690;
in 1914, 7,508.009. Population of the principal
towns (in 1912): Bukharest, 338,109; Jassy,
75.882; Galatz. 71.719: Braila, 64.730.
Exports and Imports The value of the exports In
1913 was $134,141,000 ; of the imports, $118,002,500.
The chief exports are cereals and the leading
imports are textiles. Exports to the United
States in 1916, $20,079; imports from, $111,537.
RUSSIA.
Government Czar. Nicholas II.: heir-apparent.
Grand Duke Alexis.
Premier Alexander Trepoff.
Minister of Foreign Affairs M. Pokrovsky.
Finance M. Bark.
Interim M. Piotopoff. .
Instruction Count Ignatieff.
Imperial House and Domains Gen. W. Free-
dericksz.
Justic M. Makaroff.
Agriculture M. Naumoff.
Commerce Prince Chakhovsky.
Railways (Vacancy.)
Controller M. Kharitonoff.
Procurator of the Holy Synod Alexander Volzin.
War Gen. Shuvayeff.
Navy Vice-Admiral Grigorovich.
Legislative authority is vested in the czar,
duma and council of the empire.
Area and Population Area, 8,764,586 square miles.
Total population in 1914, 178,378,800.
tion of the principal cities:
Petrograd (1914)2,133,100
Moscow (1915)
Warsaw (1915)..
Odessa (1912)...
Lodz (1910)
Riga (1913)
Kiev (1913)
1,817,100
789,289
631,040
415,604
558,000
626.313
Kharkov (1913).
Yekaterinoslav
(1912)
Saratov (1913)..
Vilna (1913)....
Kazan (1913)....
Popula-
249,698
220,446
235,300
203,940
194,246
Imports and Exports The total value of the im-
ports in 1915 was $557,000,000 ; of the -exports,
$198,600,000. The exports to the United States
in 1916 amounted in value to $3,613,986 ; imports
from the United States, $183,259,605. The chief
exports are foodstuffs, timber, oil, furs and
flax; imports, raw cotton, wool, metals, leather,
hides, skins and machinery.
FINLAND.
Grand Duke The emperor of Russia.
The grand duchy of Finland, though nominally
autonomous, is now practically a province of Rus-
sia. It has a parliament of 200 members chosen
by direct election. The right to vote is possessed
by men and women alike after they reach their
24th year. The area of Finland is 125,689 square
miles and the population Jan. 1, 1914, was 3,231,995.
SERBIA.
Government King, Peter I. (Karageorgevitch) ;
heir-apparent, Prince Alexander (second son) ;
premier, N. P. Pashitch. Legislative authority
is vested in a single chamber, called "skupsh-
tina," of 160 elected members.
Area and Population Area, 33,891 square miles.
Population in 1910, 2,911,701; in 1914, 4.547.990.
The capital, Belgrade, had 90,890 inhabitants
before the war with Austria. Nisu, the war
capital, had 24,949 inhabitants in 1911.
Exports and Imports Total value of exports in
1912, $18.595,000; imports, $14.705,000. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $50; imports, $385,-
995. The exports are mainly agricultural prod-
ucts and animals and the imports cotton and
woolen goods and metals.
SPAIN.
Government King, Alfonso XIII. ; heir-apparent,
Prince Alfonso. Cabinet:
Premier Conde de Romanones.
Foreign Affairs Don Amalio Gimeno.
Interior Senor Don Ruiz Jimenez.
Finance Don Santiago Alba.
War Gen. Augustin Luque.
Marine Admiral Miranda.
Public Works Don Rafael Gasset.
Public Instruction Don Julio Burell.
Justice Don Antonio Barroso.
Area and Population Total area. 194.783 square
miles. Total population of Spain Jan. 1, 1914,
20,355,986. Population of large cities (1910) :
Saragossa 105,788
Carthagena 96.983
Bilbao 92.514
Granada 77,425
Valladolid 67.742
Cadiz 67.174
Madrid 599,807
Barcelona 587,411
Valencia 233.348
Seville 155,366
Malaga 133.045
Murcia 124.985
Imports and Exports The exports of Spain in
1915 amounted to $252,736,000; imports, $241,-
863,675. Total exports to the United States in
1916, $27,864,130; imports, $52,771,652. Chief ex-
ports are wine, sugar, timber, animals, glass-
ware and pottery; imports, cotton and cotton
manufactures, machinery, drugs and chemical
products.
SWEDEN.
Government King. Gustaf V. ; crown prince, Gus-
taf Adolf
Minister of State and Minister of War Dr. K.
Hammarskjold.
Foreign Affairs K. A. Wallenberg.
Finance M. Vennersten. \
Marine M. Brostrom.
Education Dr. K. G. Westman.
Interior O. F. von Sydow.
Agriculture Baron Beck-Friis.
Justice B. F. Hasselrot.
Legislative authority is vested in a parliament
160
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 117.
of two chambers, the first of which has a mem-
bership of 150 and the second 230. Members of
the upper house are elected for nine years and
those of the lower for three years. The first
chamber is elected by municipal representatives.
To be eligible one must own real estate worth
at least 80.000 crowns or pay taxes on an income
of at least 4.UOO crowns. The second chamber
constituents must have an income of at least 800
crowns or own real estate worth at least 1.000
crowns.
Area and Population The total area of Sweden
is 172. S76 square miles. The population Dec. 31.
1913, was 5,522,403. The population of the prin-
cipal cities at the same time was:
Norkoping
Gaefle 35,736
llelsingborg 34,742
Stockholm 382,085
Gothenburg 178,030
Malmo 98,821 _ .,
Imports and Exports The total imports in 1914
were valued at $200.124,850 ; exports, $212,652,830.
Exports to the United States in 1916, $11,846,881 ;
imports, $51,939,182. The leading articles of ex-
port are timber and machinery ; of import, tex-
tile goods and foodstuffs.
SWITZERLAND.
Government President of federal council (1917)
Edmund Schultheiss.
Vice-President Herr Calender of Trina.
Legislative authority is vested in a state and
a national council, the former having 44 and
the latter 167 members. The national councilors
are elected directly by the people: the state
councilors are elected in some cantons by the
people and in others by the cantonal legislature.
The chief executive authority is vested in the
bundesrath. or federal council, one member of
which is the chief of one of the federal depart-
ments. Its decrees are enacted as a body. Its
members are elected president in rotation.
Switzerland owns its main railroads, its tele-
graph and telephone system and monopolizes the
manufacture and sale of alcohol.
Area and Population Total area. 15.976 square
miles. The population, according to the censiis
of July 1, 1913, was 3,877,210. Population of the
largest cities (1913):
Zurich 205,000 \ Bern 94,700
Basel 137,000 Lausanne 74,000
Geneva 136.700 I St. Gallen 40,000
Exports and Imports Total exports in 1914,
$227,374,000; imports, $292,327,700. Exports to the
United States in 1916, $21,775,413; imports,
$8,156,147. The articles chiefly exported are cot-
tons, silks, clocks and watches; imported, food-
stuffs, silk, minerals and metals, clothing and
animals.
THE NETHERLANDS.
Government Queen. Wilhelmina; prince consort.
Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ; heir, Princess
Juliana. Cabinet:
Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior-
Mr. P. W. A. Cort van der Linden.
Foreign Affairs Jonkheer Dr. J. Loudon.
Agriculture, Commerce. Industry and Labor Mr.
F. E. Posthuma.
War Maj.-Gen. N. Bosboom.
Navy Mr. J. J. Rambonne.
Justice Dr. B. Ort.
Finance Dr. Anton van Gijn.
Colonies Mr. Th. B. Pleyte.
Public Works Dr. C. Lely.
Legislative authority is vested in the states
general, composed of two chambers, the first hav-
ing 50 members and the second 100. The latter
are elected directly and the former by the pro-
vincial states.
Area and Population The area of Holland, or the
Netherlands, is 12.648 square miles. The total
population Dec. 31, 1914, was 6,339,705. That of
the chief cities Dec. 31, 1914, was:
Amsterdam 609,084
Rotterdam 472, 520
The Hague 312,430
Utrecht 127,086
Groningen 82,809
Haarlem 71,883
Arnhem 66,129
Leiden 59,560
Imports and Exports In 1913 Holland imported
$1,567,700,000 worth of merchandise and ex-
ported $1,233,200,000. In 1916 the exports to the
United States amounted to $32,518,800 and the
imports from the same country to $99,232,930.
Chief imports are iron and steel and their
manufactures, textiles, coal, cereals and flour;
exports, butter, sugar and cheese.
TURKEY.
Government Sultan, Mehmed V. Cabinet:
Grant! Vizier and Minister for Foreign Affairs-
Prince Said Halim Pasha.
President Council of State Ibrahim Bey.
Sheik-ul-Islam Mussa Kiazirn Effendi.
Minister of the Interior Talaat Bey.
Marine Mahmut Pasha.
Finance Djaved Bey.
Public Instruction Achmed Bey.
Public Works Abbas Halim Pasha.
War Gen. Enver Pasha.
Posts and Telegraphs Shukri Bey.
Commerce Ahmed Nessimi Bey.
A constitutional form of government was adopt-
ed July 24, 1908, with legislative authority vested
in a parliament.
Area and Population The area of Turkey in
Europe is 8,644; of whole empire, 710,224 square
miles. The total population of all parts of
the empire is 21,273.000. Constantinople has
about 1.203.000 inhabitants.
Exports and Imports The total exports in 1912
amounted in value to $172,871,605 and the im-
ports to $129.907.759. The exports to the United
States in 1916 amounted to $151,606 in value
and the imports to $41,221. The principal arti-
cles imported are cloth and clothing, sugar,
coffee, flour, rice and manufactures of iron;
exports, grapes, silk, grain, cocoons, wool, cot-
ton, carpets, hides and skins.
ASIA.
AFGHANISTAN.
Ameer, Habibullah Khan: population, about
6,000,000; area, 250.000 square miles. No statis-
tics as to imports and exports of Afghanistan
are available. The chief productions are pre-
served fruits, spices, wool. silk, cattle and to-
bacco.
BOKHARA.
Ameer, Sayid Mir Alim Khan; heir, Sayid Mir
Ibrahim. The area of Bokhara is about 83.000
square miles and the population 1,250,000. The
products are corn, tobacco, fruit, silk and hemp.
Since 1873 Bokhara has been a dependency of
Russia.
CHINA.
Government President, Li Yuan-hung; premier.
Tuan Chi-jui. The president and vice-presi-
dent are each elected for a term of five years.
Legislative power is nominally vested in a
single house assembly, but it is practically
only an advisory body. The president possesses
autocratic powers and China is a republic in
name only.
Area and Population Total area of China, with
dependencies. 3,913,560 square miles: estimated
population. 320.050.000.
Exports and Imports The total exports in 1914
amounted to $235,582,200 and the imports to
$372,821,400. During the fiscal year 1916 goods
to the value of $26,358,251 were imported from
the United States. The total exports in the
same period to the United States amounted to
$72,405,278. The articles imported from Amer-
ica consist mainly of flour, kerosene, sago.
india rubber, shoes, ginseng, quicksilver, white
shirting, drills and broad-cloth. Among the
leading exports are tea, furs, wool, mats. fans.
essential oils, straw braid, silks, hair, hides
and hemp.
Government Emperor. Yoshihito; crown prince.
Hirohito. Cabinet:
Premier and Minister of Finance Lieut. -Gen.
Count Seiki Terauchi.
Foreign Affairs Viscount Ichiro Motono.
Interior Baron Shimpei Goto.
Finance (Vacancy.)
War Lieut-Gen. Kenichi Oshima.
Navy Vice-Admiral Tomasaburo Kato.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
161
Justice Itasu Matsumuro.
Education Ryohei Okada.
Agriculture and Commerce Ren Nakashoji.
Communications Baron Kenjiro Den.
Legislative authority is vested in the emperor
and the imperial diet. This consists of the
house of peers and the house of representatives.
the former having about 375 and the latter 381
members.
Area and Population The total area of Japan
is 260,738 square miles. The population accord-
ing to the census of Dec. 31, 1915, was 54,282,898
exclusive of Formosa, the Pescadores and the
south half of Sakhalin. The total population,
including Korea, Formosa and Sakhalin, was
74,990,190 in 1915. Cities having more than
100,000 inhabitants are (1915) :
Tokyo 2,056,126
Osaka 1,395,823
Kyoto 509,380
397,574
Kobe
Nagasaki
Hiroshima
Kanazawa
442,167
161.174
167,130
129,804
128,141
Yokohama
Nagoya 452,043 Kure
Imports and Exports The total imports in 1915
amounted in value to $265,160,069 ; exports,
$352,736,884. In 1916 the imports from the United
States were valued at $75,098,188 and the ex-
ports to the same country at $147,644,228. The
chief exports are raw silk, cotton, yarn, cop-
per, coal and tea; imports, sugar, cotton, iron
and steel, machinery, petroleum and wool.
CHOSEN (KOREA).
Formerly an empire, but now a Japanese col-
ony. Estimated area, 86,000 square miles. Pop-
ulation in 1915, 17,405,645. Seoul, the capital,
has 302,686 inhabitants.
KHIVA.
Khan, Seyid Asfendiar Khan; heir-apparent,
Nasyr Tycuara: area. 24,000 square miles; popula-
tion. 646,000. Products are cotton and silk. Khiva
is a Russian vassal state.
PERSIA.
Shah or emperor. Sultan Ahmad Shah. Under
the constitution granted in 1906 legislative au-
thority was vested in a national council of 156
members and a senate of 60 members. The area
of Persia is about 628,000 square miles and the
population 9,500,000. Imports in 1915, $41,610,150;
exports, $33,004,800. Imports from the United
States in 1916, $13,495 ; exports to, $583,456.
Teheran, the capital, has a population of about
280,000. Chief among the products are silk, fruits,
wheat, barley and rice.
SIAM.
King. Chowfa Maha Vajirvudh. Area. 195.000
square miles; population (1910), 8,149,487. Bang-
kok, the capital, has 628,675 inhabitants. The im-
ports in 1915 were $30,044,850, and the exports
$38,914,950. Imports from the United States in
1916, $741,430 ; exports to, $237,250. Chief among
the exports are rice, teak and marine products;
imports, cotton goods and opium.
AFRICA.
ABYSSINIA.
Empress, Uizero Zeodita. Total area of Abys-
sinia 432,432 square miles; populations, 8,000,000.
The exports are coffee, hides and skins, gum,
wax, gold and ivory.
ALGERIA.
Algeria is a colony of France. Governor-gen-
eral. M. Lutaud. Area, 343,500 square miles: pop-
ulation in 1911, 5,563,828. Chief imports are cot-
ton, skins and furs and woodwork ; exports,
wine, sheep and cereals.
EGYPT.
Sultan, Hussein Kamil Pasha. Total area of
Egypt, 350.000 square miles; area of the Anglo-
Egyptian Sudan. 984,520 square miles. The pop-
ulation of Egypt proper in 1907 was 11.189.978; of
the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 3.000,000. Population
of Cairo. 654.476; Alexandria, 332.246. Great
Britain formally declared Egypt a protectorate
of the empire Dec. 17, 1914. The total exports in
1915 were valued at $135,234,300 and the imports
at $96,644,965. Imports from the United States
in 1916, $7,791,421 ; exports to, $33,254,943. The ex-
ports consist chiefly of cereals, raw cotton and
provisions ; imports, wool, coal, textiles and
metal manufactures.
BELGIAN KONGO.
Kongo was made a Belgian colony in 1908. The
estimated area is 909,654 square miles and the
negro population about 15,000,000. Europeans num-
bered 5,465 in January, 1912. Among the leading
articles of export are ivory, rubber, cocoa, palm
nuts, palm oil, copal gum and coffee. Total im-
ports in 1913, $11,523,700 ; exports, $16,692,950. Ex-
ports to the United States (1916), $72,859; im-
ports, $41,625. LIBERIA.
President. Daniel E. Howard: vice-president.
S. G. Harmon. Legislative power is vested in a
senate of nine members and a house of represent-
atives of fourteen Tnembers. The total area of
the republic is about 40,000 square miles and the
population 2,120,000. The exports in 1913 were
valued at $1,112,187 and the imports at $1,411,237.
Imports from the United States in 1916, $84,677 ;
exports to, $89,900.
MOROCCO.
Sultan. Mulai Youssef. Morocco is a French
protectorate. Area about 219,000 square miles;
population, 5,000,000. Total imports in 1914, $55,-
619,600; exports, $9.677,200. Imports from the
United States in 1916, $348,980; exports to, $313,-
MADAGASCAR.
Governor-general, Albert Picqie. Madagascar is
a French colony governed by a council of ad-
ministration. The area is 228,000 square mile."
and the population (1911) 3,153,511. The capital is
Antananarivo with a population of 63,115. Im-
ports in 1914, $9,471,300; exports, $9,286,600. Ex-
ports to United States (1916), $313,666; imports
from, $348,980. TUNIS
Bey, Sidi Mohammed Ben Nasr Bey; heir-pre-
sumptive. Sidi Mohammed Ben Mamoun Bey.
Tunis is under the protectorate of France and
that country is represented "by" a resident-gen-
eral. Total area, 50,000 square miles; population
in 1911, 1,780.527. Imports in 1914, $26,497,500; ex-
ports, $21,324,600.
MEXICO.
Government The republic of Mexico is divided
into twenty-seven states, three territories and
one federal district, each with a local govern-
ment, but all subject to the federal constitu-
tion. Representatives are elected for two years
each and are apportioned at the rate of one
for each 40.000 inhabitants: the senators, of
whom there are fifty-six, are elected "by the
people in the same manner as representatives.
The president holds office four years and may
be elected for several consecutive terms. (See
"Revolutions in Mexico" in this volume.)
Area and Population The total area, including
islands, is 785,881 square miles. The popula-
tion, according to the federal census of 1910.
is 15,063,207. The population of leading cities
of the republic follows: City of Mexico (capi-
tal). 470.659; Guadalajara, 118,799: Puebla.
101,214 ; Monterey, 81,006 ; San Luis Potosi, 82,946 ;
Pachuca, 38.620; Aguascalientes, 44.800; Zaca-
tecas, 25,905; Durango. 34.085: Toluca. 31,247;
Leon, 63.263: Merida, 61,999; Queretaro, 35.011;
Morelia, 39.116; Oaxaca. 37.469; Orizaba. 32,894;
Chihuahua. 39,061; Vera Cruz. 29.164.
Commerce The chief exports of Mexico are pre-
cious metals, coffee, tobacco, hemp, sisal, sugar,
dyewoods and cabinet woods, cattle and hides
and skins. In 1914 the total exports amounted
to 592.833,000; total imports for the same year
were $60,831,070. The trade of Mexico is chiefly
with the United States, Great Britain. France,
Germany and Spain. In 1916 the imports from
the United States were $48,308,542; exports to,
$97,676,544.
SOUTH AMERICAN REPUBLICS.
ARGENTINE REPUBLIC.
President, Hipolito Irogoyen ; capital, Buenos
Aires. Area, 1,153,119 square miles. Population
(1912), 7,467,878; Buenos Aires, 1,560,163 (Jan. 1,
1914). Total exports in 1915, $558,280,600; im-
ports, $226,892,700. Exports to the United States
in 1916, $112,512,420 ; imports, $65,993,611. Chief ex-
ports, sheeb. wool, cattle, hides, frozen meats
and wheat; imports, machinery, agricultural im-
plements, railway cars, engines and supplies and
manufactures of iron and steel.
162
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
BOLIVIA.
President, Gen. Ismael Monies; capital. Sucre.
Area, 514,155 square miles. Population (1915),
2,889,970. LaPaz, 100,097; Chocachamba, 31,014;
Sucre, 29,686. Total exports * in 1915, $33,951,300;
imports, $7,893,200; exports to the United States
in 1916, $204,904; imports, $1*367,891. Chief ex-
ports, silver, tin, copper, coffee, rubber ; imports,
provisions, clothing, hardware, spirits, silks and
woolens.
BRAZIL.
President. Wenceslau Braz; capital, Rio de Ja-
neiro. Area. 3.218.991 square miles. Population
(estimated 1913), 24,308.219: Rio de Janeiro (1911),
1.128,637: Sao Paulo (1911). 450,000; Bahia, 290,000;
Pernambuco, 150,000. Exports (1915), $264,850,000;
imports, $150,444,000. Exports to the United States
in 1916, $132,663.984 ; imports, $41,202,277. Chief ex-
ports, coffee, sugar, tobacco, cotton and rubber:
imports, cotton Roods, manufactures 'of iron and
steel, furniture, mineral oils, breadstuffs and pro-
visions. CHILE.
President, Juan Luis Sanfuente ; capital, Santi-
ago. Area, 292,580 square miles. Population in
1914, 3,596,541 ; Santiago, 397,941 ; Valparaiso, 187,-
240; Concepcion, 69,776. Total exports in 1914,
$112,378,250 ; imports, $101-,158,7oO. Exports to the
United States in 1916, $64,154,859; imports, $24,-
289,652. Chief exports, nitrate, wool, hides and
leather; imports, sugar, coal, cotton goods, cash-
meres, oil. galvanized iron.
COLOMBIA.
President, Dr. Jose Vicente Concha ; capital,
Bogota. Area, 440,846 square miles. Population
in 1912. 5.472,604; Bogota, 121.257. Total exports
(1914), $32,632,550; total imports, $20,979,230. Ex-
ports to the United States in 1916, $21,458,029;
imports, $11,125,232. Chief exports, gold, silver and
other minerals, coffee, cocoa, cattle, sugar, to-
bacco and rubber; imports, manufactures of iron
and steel, cotton goods.
ECUADOR.
President, Alfredo B. Moreno ; capital, Quito.
Area, 116,000 square miles. Population, 1.500.000;
Quito, 70,000; Guayaquil, 80,000 Total exports in
1914, $12,952,120; imports, $8,762,587. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $5,848,290; imports,
$3,462,040. Chief exports, coffee, cocoa, rice, su-
gar, rubber, cabinet woods, chemicals and min-
erals; imports, cotton, provisions, manufactures
of iron and steel, clothing and mineral oil.
PARAGUAY.
President, Dr. Emanuel Franco ; capital, Asun-
cion. Area, 171,770 square miles. Population (es-
timated 1912). 800.000: Asuncion (1912). 80,000. To-
tal exports in .1915, $5,409,950; imports, $2,340,500.
Exports to the United States in 1916, $53,337 ; im-
ports, $73,452. Chief exports, mate (or Paraguay
tea), tobacco, hides, timber, oranges; imports,
cotton goods, machinery and provisions.
PERU.
President, Don Jose Pardo; capital, Lima. Area,
722,461 square miles. Population estimated (1912)
at 4,500,000; Lima, 143,500; Callao, 34,346. Total
exports in 1914, $43,838,925; imports, $24,139,625.
Exports to the United States in 1916, $24,326,689;
imports, $10,173,176. Chief exports, cotton, coffee,
sugar, cinchona, imlia rubber, dyes and medicinal
plants: imports, woolens, cotton, machinery and
manufactures of iron.
URUGUAY.
President, Dr. Feliciano Viera; capital, Monte-
video. Area, 72,153 square miles. Population
(1914), 1,315,714; Montivideo (1916), 378,446. Total
exports in 1915, $83,290,900; imports, $34,979,600.
Exports to the United States in 1916, $14,475,478;
imports, $10,274,426. Chief exports, animal and
agricultural products ; imports, manufactured ar-
ticles. VENEZUELA.
President, Gen. Juan Vicente Gomez; capital,
Caracas. Area, 393,976 square miles. Population
(1915), 2,816,484; Caracas, 75,000. Total exports in
1915, $20,519,940; imports, $11,685,300. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $14,942,448; imports,
$8,999,272. Chief exports, coffee, hides, cabinet
woods, rubber and chemicals; imports, machin-
ery, manufactures of iron and steel, provisions,
furniture and mineral wools.
CENTRAL AMERICAN STATES.
COSTA RICA.
President, Don Alfredo Gonzalez; capital, San
Jose. Area, 23,000 square miles. Population
(1914), 420,179; San Jose, 34,784. Total exports
(1914), $11,176.350; imports, $7,770,465. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $4,335,415 ; imports,
$3,512,840. Chief exports, coffee and bnnanas ; im-
ports, cotton, machinery, iron and steel manufac-
tures, woolens and worsteds.
GUATEMALA.
President, Manuel E. Cabrera: capital, Guate-
mala de Nueva. Area. 48,290 square miles. Pop-
ulation (1914), 2,003,579; of the capital, 90,000.
Total exports (1915), $11,566,550; imports, $5,072,-
450. Exports to the United States in 1916, $8,724,-
728; imports, $3,847,101. Chief exports, coffee and
bananas ; imports, cotton and cereals.
HONDURAS.
President, Dr. Francisco Bertrand; capital. Te-
gucigalpa. Area, 44,275 square miles. Population
(1910). 553,446; Tegucigalpa. 22.137. Total exports
(1915), $3,858,000; imports, $5,875,000. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $2,978,473 ; imports,
$4,607,423. Chief exports, bananas, coffee, cattle,
cocoanuts and wood; chief import, cotton.
NICARAGUA.
President. Senor Adolfo Diaz; capital, Managua.
Area, 49,200 square miles. Population, (1914),
703,540; Managua, 34,872; Leon, 62,569. Total ex-
ports (1913), $7,712,000; imports, $5,770,000. Ex-
ports to the United States in 1916, $2,394,824 ; im-
ports, $3,138,595. Chief exports, cattle and coffee ;
imports, flour, wine, beer, barbed ivire, cotton
goods, sewing machines, kerosene, calico and tal-
low.
PANAMA.
President, Ramon Valdoz. Independence of
Panama declared Nov. 3, 1903; constitution
adopted Feb. 13, 1904. Legislative power is
vested in a national assembly composed of depu-
ties elected by the people. The ratio of repre-
sentation is one deputy for each 10,000 inhabi-
tants. The term of office is four years. The
area of the republic is 32,380 square miles and
the population (1912), 336,742; city of Panama
(1915), 60,028; Colon, 26,000. The exports to the
United States in the fiscal year ended June 30,
1916, amounted to $5,336,299, and the imports to
$23,602,598. The chief articles of export are
bananas, rubber, coffee and pearls.
SALVADOR.
President, Carlos Melendoz; capital, San Salva-
dor. Area, 7,225 square miles. Population (1914),
1,225,835; San Salvador, 66,800. Total exports
(1914), $9,716.945; imports, $4,958,614. Exports to
the United States in 1916, $2,129,868; imports,
$3,043,515. Chief exports, coffee, indigo, sugar, to-
bacco and balsams: imports, cotton, spirits, flour,
iron goods, silk and yarn.
CUBA.
Government President. Gen. Mario Menocal:
vice-president. Enrique Jose Varona: terms ex-
pire May 20. 1917.
Under the constitution the legislative power is
exercised by two elective bodies the house of
representatives and the senate, conjointly called
congress. The senate is composed of four senators
from each of the six provinces, elected for eight
years by the provincial councilmen, and by a
double number of electors, constituting together
an electoral board.
The house of representatives is composed of one
representative for each 25.000 inhabitants or
fraction thereof over 12,500. elected for four years
by direct vote. One-half of the members of the
house are elected every two years. The salary of
members of congress is $3.600 a year.
Organization of the Republic The organization of
the republic of Cuba, begun in 1900, was prac-
tically completed on the 20th of May, 1902, v/hen
the military occupation of the island by the
United .States came to an end and Gen. Tomas
Estrada Palma was inaugurated as first presi-
dent.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
163
Area and Population The total area of Cuba is
44,164 square miles. The population in 1914 was
2,471,531.
Population of provinces (1914):
Havana 651,266 i Matanzas 270,483
Santa Clara 507,277 I Pinar del Rio.. 257,893
Oriente 567,639 I Cumaguey 154,567
Population of principal cities in 1914:
Havana 350,906
Cienfuegos 80,305
Camaguey
76,581
Halyguin
Pinar del Rio..
Santa Clara . . .
85.232
51,915-
54,885
51,036
55,407
Matanzas 53.931 Guantanamo
Manzanillo 59,544 Saneti Spiritus.
.intiago 61,531
About 70 per cent of the population is white.
Imports and Exports The total imports in 1915
amounted to $138,132.000 and the exports to
$219,447,000. The imports from the United States
in 1916 were valued at $127,040,067 and the ex-
ports at $228,977,567. The principal articles of
export are sugar, tobacco and cigars, iron and
manganese ore, fruit, coffee, cocoa, molasses
and sponges: of import, animals, breadstuffs.
coal and coke, iron and steel, wood, liquor,
cotton, chemicals and vegetables.
HAITI.
President, Sudre Dartiguenave. The area of
Haiti is 10,204 square miles and the population
about 2,500,000. Coffee, cocoa and logwood are
the leading articles sold. Total exports (1912),
$17,285,485; imports (1914), $7,612,792. Exports
to the United States in 1916, $2,560,340 ; imports,
$6,435,567.
SANTO DOMINGO.
President, Federico H. Carvajal. The republic
has an area of 19,325 square miles and a popula-
tion (1913) of 708,000. Santo Domingo, the capital,
has 22,000 inhabitants. In 1913 the exports
amounted to $10,470,900 and the chief articles
shipped were coffee, cocoa and mahogany; im-
ports. $9,272,000. Exports to the United 'States
in 1916, $13,456,653; imports, $7,581,358.
TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND HAITI.
The following treaty, giving the United States
a large measure of control over the affairs of
the republic of Haiti, was negotiated in Septem-
ber, 3915, but was not made public until Febru-
ary, 1916, when it was ratified by the senate of
the United States:
ARTICLE 1. -
The government of the United States will, by
its good offices, aid the Haitian government in
the proper and efficient development of its agri-
cultural, mineral and commercial resources and
in the establishment of the finances of Haiti on
a firm and solid basis.
ARTICLE 2.
The president of Haiti shall appoint, upon
nomination by the president of the United States,
a general receiver and such aids and employes
as may be necessary, who shall collect, receive
and apply all customs duties on imports and
exports accruing at the several custom houses
and ports of entry of the republic of Haiti.
The president of Haiti shall appoint, upon
nomination by the president of the United States,
a financial adviser, who shall be an officer at-
tached to the ministry of finance, to give effect
to whose proposals and labors the minister will
lend efficient aid. The financial adviser shall
devise an adequate system of public accounting,
aid in increasing the revenues and adjusting
them to the expenses, inquire into the validity
of the debts of the republic, enlighten both gov-
ernments with reference to all eventual debts,
recommend improved methods of collecting .and
applying the revenues and make such other
recommendations to the minister of finance as
may be deemed necessary for the welfare and
prosperity of Haiti.
ARTICLE 3.
The government of the republic of Haiti will
provide by law or appropriate decrees for the
payment of all customs duties to the general
receiver and will extend to the receivership and
to the financial adviser all needful aid and full
protection in the execution, of the powers con-
ferred and duties imposed herein; and the United
States on its part will extend like aid and protec-
tion.
ARTICLE 4.
Upon the appointment of the financial adviser
the government of the republic of Haiti, in co-
operation with the financial adviser, shall collate,
classify, arrange and make full statement of all
the debts of the republic, the amounts, character,
maturity and condition thereof and the interest
accruing and the sinking fund requisite to their
final discharge.
ARTICLE 5.
All sums collected and received by the general
receiver shall be applied, first, to the payment
of the salaries and allowances of the general
receiver, his assistants and employes and ex-
penses of the receivership, including the salary
and expenses of the financial adviser, which sal-
aries will be determined by previous agreement ;
second, to the interest and sinking fund of the
public debt of the republic of Hajti ; and,, third,
to the maintenance of the constabulary referred
to in article 10, and then the remainder to the
Haitian government for purposes of current ex-
penses.
In making these applications the general re-
ceiver will proceed to pay salaries and allow-
ances monthly and expenses as they arise, and
on the 1st of each calendar month will set
aside in a separate fund the quantum of the
collection and receipts of the previous month.
ARTICLE 6.
The expenses of the receivership, including
salaries and allowances of the general receiver,
his assistants and employes and the salary and
expenses of the financial adviser shall not ex-
ceed 5 per centum of the collections and receipts
from customs duties, unless by agreement by
the two governments.
ARTICLE 7-
The general receiver shall make monthly- re-
ports of all collections, receipts and disburse-
ments to the appropriate officer of the republic
of Haiti and to the department of state of the
United States, which reports shall be open to
inspection and verification at all times by the
appropriate authorities of each of the said gov-
ernments.
ARTICLE 8.
The republic of Haiti shall not increase its
public debt except by previous agreement with
the president of the United States and shall
not contract any debt or assume any financial
obligation unless the ordinary revenues of the
republic available for that purpose, after de-
fraying the expenses of the government, shall be
adequate to pay the interest and provide a sink-
ing fund for the final discharge of such debt.
ARTICLE 9.
The republic of Haiti will not without a pre-
vious agreement with the president of the United
States modify the customs duties in a manner to
reduce the revenues therefrom ; and in order that
the revenues of the republic may be adequate
to meet the public debt and the expenses of the.
government, to preserve tranquillity and to pro-
mote material prosperity, the republic of Haiti
will co-operate "with the financial adviser in his
recommendations for improvement in the method
of collecting and disbursing the revenues and
for new sources of needed income.
ARTICLE 10.
The Haitian government obligates itself, for
the preservation of domestic peace, the security
of individual rights and full observance of the
164
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
provisions of this treaty, to create without
delay an efficient constabulary, urban and rural,
composed of native Haitians. This constabulary
shall be organized and officered by Americans
appointed by the president of Haiti upon nomina-
tion by the president of the United States. The
Haitian government shall clothe these officers
with the proper and necessary authority and up-
hold them in the performance of their functions.
These officers will be replaced by Haitians as
they, by examination conducted under direction
of a board to be selected by the senior Ameri-
can officer of this constabulary and in the pres-
ence of a representative of the Haitian govern-
ment, are found to be qualified to assume such
duties. The constabulary herein provided for
shall, under the direction of the Haitian gov-
ernment, have supervision and control of arms
and ammunition, military supplies and traffic
therein throughout the country. The high con-
tracting parties agree that the stipulations in
this article are necessary to prevent factional
strife and disturbances.
ARTICLE 11.
The government of Haiti agrees not to sur-
render any of the territory of the republic of
Haiti, by sale, lease or otherwise, or jurisdic-
tion over such territory to any foreign govern-
ment or power, nor to enter into any treaty or
contract with any foreign power or powers that
will impair or tend to impair the independence
of Haiti.
ARTICLE 12.
The Haitian government agrees to execute with
the United States a protocol for the settle-
ment, by arbitration or otherwise, of all pend-
ing pecuniary claims of foreign corporations,
companies, citizens or subjects against Haiti.
ARTICLE 13.
The republic of Haiti, being desirous to fur-
ther the development of its natural resources,
agrees to undertake and execute such measures
as in the opinion of the high contracting parties
DISTURBANCES IN
Factional differences led the senate of Santo
Domingo to begin impeachment proceedings
against Gen. Juan Jimenes, president of the
republic, May 2. The opposition party was led
"by Gen. Arias, who wished to overthrow the
government on the pretext that it had vio-
lated the constitution in drafting the budget.
To prevent disorder the American authorities
in Washington intervened and sent Rear-Admiral
Caperton to the scene with the cruiser Prairie.
May 5 fighting began in Santo Domingo city
and marines were landed from the Prairie to
protect the American legation. William W. Rus-
sell, the American minister, warned the factions
that armed intervention would result if hostili-
may be necessary for the sanitation and public
improvement of the republic, under the super-
vision and direction of an engineer or engi-
neers to be appointed by the president of Haiti
upon nomination by the president of the United
States and authorised for that purpose by the
government of Haiti.
ARTICLE 14.
The high contracting parties shall have author-
ity to take such steps as may be necessary to
insure the complete attainment of any of tin-
objects comprehended in this treaty ; and. should
the necessity occur, the United States will lend
an efficient aid for the preservation of Haitian
independence and the maintenance of a govern-
ment adequate for the protection of life, prop-
erty and individual liberty.
ARTICLE 15.
The present treaty shall be approved and rat-
ified by the high contracting parties in con-
formity with their respective laws and the ratifi-
cations thereof shall be exchanged in the city of
Washington as soon as may be possible.
ARTICLE 16.
The present treaty shall remain in full force
and virtue for the term of ten years, to be
counted from the day of exchange of ratifications,
and further for another term of ten years if,
for specific reasons presented by either of the
high contracting parties, the purpose of this
treaty has not been fully accomplished.
In faith whereof the respective plenipotentia-
ries have signed the present convention in dupli-
cate, in the English and French languages, and
have thereunto affixed their seals.
Done at Port au Prince, Haiti, the 16th day
of September in the year of our Lord one thou-
sand-nine hundred and fifteen.
ROBERT BE ALE DAVIS, JR.,
Charge d'Affaires of the United States.
LOUIS BORNO,
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Pub-
lic Instruction.
SANTO DOMINGO.
ties did not cease. On May 7 President Jimenes
resigned and Gen. Arias a few days later was
compelled to resign as secretary of war. May
15 American marines took possession of the city
to guarantee the free election by congress of a
provisional president. Subsequently Jacinto de
Castro was elected to that position.
In the latter part of May and in June some
clashes occurred between the marines under Ad-
miral Caperton and the rebels, in one of which
Capt. Herbert L. Hirshinger was killed. July 1
there was another encounter, in which twenty-
seven rebels were killed, the Americans having
one killed and eight wounded. After that the
situation was improved.
FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE ERADICATED.
The campaign against the foot and mouth dis-
ease came to an end in March, 1916. On the
31st of that moath the secretary of agriculture
issued an order removing all quarantines and
restrictions against the shipment and movement
of live stock. The order signed specifically re-
moved the quarantine from a small territory in
Christian county, Illinois, the last area which
was under suspicion. Along with the removal
of this local quarantine the various federal or-
ders restricting shipment of cattle were re-
.scinded. Upon notification that the United States
was free from the disease all foreign govern-
ments which placed embargoes on American
cattle removed those embargoes.
The magnitude of the work of eradication and
control carried on by farmers, shippers and the
state and federal governments is shown by the
fact that, before controlled, the disease had
gained a temporary footing in twenty-two states
and the District of Columbia. The disease ap-
peared and was controlled in 269 different coun-
ties.
AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS.
Detroit In Belle Isle park.
Chicago In Lincoln park.
Cincinnati Zoological park.
Milwaukee In West park.
New York In Bronx park.
New York In Central park.
Philadelphia Zoological park.
Pittsburgh In Schenley park.
San Francisco In Golden Gate
park.
Washington National Zoological
park.
EUROPEAN.
Amsterdam ' ' Artis. ' '
Antwerp Dierentuin.
Berlin Zoologischer garten.
Cologne Zoologischer garten.
Copenhagen Dyrehave.
Dublin Pho?nix park.
Hamburg Zoologischer garten.
Hamburg Hagenbeck collection.
Hanover Zoologischer garten.
London In Regent's park.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
165
REPUBLIC MAINTAINED IN CHINA.
The movement begun in August, 1915, to restore
the monarchical form of government in China
was defeated by the southern republicans in
1916 and President Yuan Shih-kai was compelled
to renounce his aspirations to become emperor.
Elections were held in October and November,
1815, to decide upon the proposed change and
the vote was unanimous in favor of a monarchy
but the suspicion was then entertained that the
whole proceeding was engineered by the president
and his friends, who organized the chou an hui,
or "peace party," and that no one dared to op-
pose them. Japan, supported by Great Britain,
informed China that the time for a change in
the form of ~ government was inopportune and
President Yuan Shih-kai and his cabinet an-
nounced that the formal restoration of the mon-
archy would be postponed.
Toward the close of December a revolution
was begun in Yunnan province under the lead-
ership of Tsai Ao, a former governor with mili-
tary training. The province declared its inde-
pendence and formed a republic. The govern-
ment sent an army of 30,000 men to quell the
uprising, but the force was defeated Jan. 16,
1916, in Szechwan province. Later many of
Yuan Shih-kai's troops joined the rebels. Jan.
21 it was announced in Pekin that the corona-
tion of Yuan Shih-kai as emperor had been post-
poned indefinitely on account of the rebellion in
southern China. Tung Chih-yao, military gov-
ernor, and Jen Kao-tseng, civil governor of the
"Republic of Yunnan," sent letters to the foreign
legations in Pekin Jan. 23 that the new republic
would respect all Chinese treaties, agreements
and obligations antedating the monarchical move-
ment but would repudiate all others. They re-
quested the powers to remain neutral and prom-
ised protection for foreigners. This promise was
kept.
Kweichow province joined in the rebellion and
its governor was forced to flee. The rebels
suffered some temporary checks in January and
February, especially in Szechwan province, where
most of the fighting took place. March 17 it was
announced that the province of Kwangsi had
declared its independence and joined in the
rebellion. The continued and rapid spread of
the revolt, which extended to six provinces, to-
gether with the failure of the government troops
to make any headway against the rebels, led
Yuan Shih-kai and his cabinet to issue a man-
date March 22 announcing the abandonment of
the monarchy and the resumption of the republic.
The document recited that the revolution proved
that the demand for a monarchy was not unan-
imous and therefore Yuan Shih-kai rejected the
emperorship and resumed the presidency. March
28 the state council rescinded all monarchical
legislation, restored all the laws affected by the
monarchical movement and then adjourned per-
manently.
While fighting continued in some places pend-
ing a settlement between the rebels and the
government, the action taken by the state coun-
cil tended to restore peace. Kwangsi province
canceled its declaration of independence early in
April. On the other hand the important Kwang-
tung province, of which Canton is the capital,
declared its independence April 6, after a con-
ference of military and naval oflicers and citi-
zens with the provincial governor, Lung CM-
kuang. The example of Kwangtung was fol-
lowed April 12 by the province of Chekiang,
which declared its independence at its capital,
Hangchow. April 13 the governor of Kiangsi
province announced his independence of the ad-
ministration of President Yuan Shih-kai.
DEATH OF YUAN SHIH-KAI.
Conditions in the republic failed to improve,
the government at Pekin being unable to subdue
the rebels. This was the situation when at 1
o'clock on the morning of June 6 it was an-
nounced that President Yuan Shih-kai was dead.
He passed away in his palace in Pekin after a
brief illness from stomach trouble, followed by
a nervous breakdown. There were rumors of
poisoning and also of suicide, but these were
denied. Yuan Shih-kai was provisional president
for eighteen months and was elected the first
president of the Chinese republic Oct. 13, 1913.
He was 57 years of age at the time of his death.
Li Yuan-hung, vice-president of the republic,
succeeded to the presidency immediately and
without any formality except taking the oath.
No disturbances followed the change of admin-
istration and on June 9 the provinces of
Szechwan, Hunan, Chekiang and Shensi rescind-
ed their declarations of independence and re-
asserted their loyalty to the Pekin government.
It was taken for granted that this was the end
of the revolution and that the movement for
the restoration of the monarchy had been def-
initely crushed.
In a mandate issued June 30 President Li Yuan-
hung proclaimed the restoration of the Nanki*
provisional constitution as demanded by the revo-
lutionists, and ordered the parliament disbanded 1
by Yuan Shih-kai in 1913 to be reconvened Aug-.
1. Tuan Chi-jui was appointed premier.
HIGH MOUNTAINS IN THE UNITED STATES.
State & mountain. Feet.
Alaska
Mt McKinley. .20 300
State & mountain. Feet.
Colorado
Mt. Elbert. ...14436
State & mountain. Feet.
Idaho
Hyndman peak . . 12; 078
State & mountain. Feet.
Gilbert peak.... 13,422
Mt. Lovenia 13,250
St. Elias 18,026
California
Blanca peak 14,390
Mt. Harvard.... 14,375
Gray's peak 14,341
Montana
Granite peak 12,850
Mt Wood 12 750
Toke wanna peak. 13, 200
Wilson peak 13,095
Mt. Whitney.... 14,501
M t. Williamson . . 14, 384
Mt. Shasta 14,380
Mt. Lincoln 14,297
Uncompahgre pk.14,289
Long's peak 14,271
Cold Mountain... 12,610
Mt. Villa 12,200
Mt. Hague 1,100
Mt. Rainier 14,363
Mt. Adams 12,470
Mt. Russell.. ..14,190
Mt. Langley.. ..14,042
Mt. Princeton ...14,196
Mt. Yale 14,187
Snobank Mt 12,000
Wyoming
Gannett peak 13,785
Mt. Muir 14,025
Mt. Tyndall 14,025
Mt. Barnard.. ..14,003
Pike's peak 14,108
Mt. of Holy Cross. 14, 006
Spanish peaks. ..13,620
Oregon Mt. Hood. 11, 225
Utah King's pk... 13,498
Mt. Ernmons 13,428
Grand Teton 13,747
Fremont peak. . .13,730
Cloud peak 13,165
EXPLOSION ON AMERICAN SUBMARINE E-2,
Four men were killed and ten others injured
by an explosion of gas on the United States
submarine E-2, Jan. 15, 1916, while the craft
was undergoing repairs in the drydock of the
Brooklyn navy yard. One of the men who lost
their lives was an enlisted electrician, while
the other three were civilian workmen. The
men were busy in the battery compartment
when the explosion occurred. Though the hull
Was not damaged all the delicate machinery of
the interior was completely wrecked. A board
of inquiry investigated the accident and sub-
mitted its findings to the navy department Jan.
18. The conclusion was that the explosion was
due to an excessive amount of gas, chiefly hy-
drogen, generated from the new Edison storage
batteries, forming with the air a highly explo-
sive mixture. Ignition was caused by a spark,
the origin of which was not determined.
166
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION.
THE SHACKLETON EXPEDITION.
Sir Ernest Shackleton's antarctic expedition,
the object of which was to cross the entire
south polar area from the Weddell sea to Ross
sea, proved a failure owing to a series of mis-
fortunes, the most serious of which was the
wrecking of the explorer's own ship, the Endur-
ance (formerly the Polaris). The plan in brief
was this: Shackletou was to enter the antarctic
regions by way of South Georgia and make a
landing on the coast of the Weddell sea. Then
with a limited number of men he was to aim
for the south pole and thence proceed over the
Scott or the Amundsen route or possibly by a new
route to Ross sea. In the meantime his ship,
the Endurance, was to return to the north. An-
other ship, the Aurora, was to start from Aus-
tralia and go to the great ice barrier in Ross
sea, where it was to land men and provisions
for the purpose of laying down depots to await
the coming of Shackleton and his men.
In Mar<ph, 1916, word was received by radio
from the Aurora that the ship had been damaged
by the ice and owing to the bad season was un-
able to accomplish its mission. It returned to
Port Chalmers, New Zealand, April 3. The
Aurora had made several attempts to find secure
winter quarters, but blizzards and ice conditions
prevented. In January, 1915, it passed Cape
Crozier and proceeded east along the barrier.
Jan. 24 a party of three men with dogs succeeded
in getting ashore and set out for the Bluff to lay
a depot, taking some stores with them for the
purpose. The next day Capt. Mackintosh and
two other members of the party left the ship
for a sledge trip with dogs. Jan. 31 six men
started on a journey to the south, but returned
safely in a few days and went aboard the ship.
Others also went ashore to do scientific work.
The ship was moored off Cape Evans, but could
find no safe place to remain in during the win-
ter and on May 6 a violent blizzard drove the
Aurora out into the ice pack, which carried her
north along the coast to Cape Adare and west
of the Balleny islands. When the ship was
ninety miles south of Coulman island she lost
her rudder and her hull was severely strained
by the ice pressure. This obliged her to make
her way back to the north as best she could.
When the Aurora was driven away by the
storm there were ten men ashore, including
Capt. A. E. Mackintosh, H. E. Wild, Ernest
Joyce, J. Cope, A. Stevens, A. Spencer Smith,
Victor Hayward and three others known as
Gaze. Richards and Jack. They were fairly well
provided with stores, but had insufficient cloth-
ing and fuel.
Having left South Georgia in December, 1914,
the Endurance proceeded south for about 1,000
miles through the waters obstructed by icebergs
until Jan. 10, 1915, Coats Land was sighted. A
little later a new land with 200 miles of coast
was discovered and vvas named Caird Coast by
Sir Ernest Shackleton, after one of the patrons
of the expedition. The weather turned very cold
and the ship became so tightly wedged into the
ice that she never got free. No lauding could
be made and those on board had to be content to
remain on the drifting vessel, doing such scien-
tific work as was possible. They discovered that
where New South Greenland was reputed to
be there was 1,900 fathoms of water. On Oct.
16 heavy pressure forced the ship right up on
the ice and Oct. 27 icebergs pierced the sides,
and in a few seconds the vessel was practically
destroyed, although it continued to float until
Nov. 20, when it sank.
Everybody on board the Endurance was com-
pelled to take to the ice and make a precarious
camp near the wreck. By cutting holes in the
sides of the ship before it sank the members
of the expedition got out about 100 cases of
food. Shackleton found that the expedition was
346 miles from Paulet island, and an effort was
made to reach it, but high pressure ridges and
the drift of the ice prevented. Some of the dog
teams had to be killed for food. April 12 the
party escaped to the open sea and in three open
boats finally reached Elephant island on the
15th after suffering severe privations. A cave
was hollowed out of the ice and this became the
temporary home of the shipwrecked men.
Shackleton decided that the only way to save
the lives of the party was to "go to South
Georgia, 750 miles away, and organize a relief
expedition. With five volunteers he set out
in an open boat, leaving the main party on
Elephant island, to await his return. The jour-
ney across the stormy sea was an extremely peril-
ous one. Starting April 24, the leader and his
comrades were out fourteen days before they
sighted, the shores of South Georgia. On May
9 and 10 they encountered snowstorms and winds
of hurricane force which prevented them from
approaching the land, but on the 18th Shackleton
and two men started across the island and on
May 20, after thirty-six hours of continuous
marching over glaciers, mountain ridges and
snowfields, they reached Stromness, a Norwegian
whaling station. Here a small whaler was ob-
tained and it started south May 26, but bad ice
conditions compelled it to return.
Sir Ernest then went to Port Stanley, Falk-
land islands, where he got into communication
with the Uruguayan government, which on June
8 sent the steamship Insituto Pesca to Port
Stanley, where it took Shackleton on board. This
effort also proved abortive on account of the
heavy ice conditions /and the ship returned to
Port Stanley June 27. The undaunted explorer
then went to Punta Arenas, Chile, where the
British resident provided and equipped for him-
the seventy-ton schooner Emma. On this he
started July 12 for Elephant island, but again
he failed to reach the marooned men owing to
gales and ice fields and was forced to return to
Port Stanley, where he arrived Aug. 4.
On Aug. 26 Shackleton left Punta Arenas on
the steamship Yelcho on his fourth attempt at
a rescue. This time he succeeded in reaching
and ^.rescuing the twenty-two men left by him
on Elephant island in charge of Frank Wild,
the second in command. He brought them all
safely back to Punta Arenas Sept. 3. The men
had suffered severely from exposure and insuf-
ficient rations, but they were all well when the
Yelcho took them off the island Aug. 30.
STEFANSSON EXPEDITION.
Tillijalmar Stefansson, commander of the Cana-
dian government expedition formed to explore
the arctic regions north of Alaska and British
Columbia, continued at work throughout 1916
without returning to civilization. It was his
purpose further to explore the new land dis-
covered by him in 1915 to the north of Prince
Patrick island, details of which were given in
the Almanac and Year-Book for 1916. The south-
ern party under Rudolph Anderson, Stefansson's
chief subordinate, who had been exploring and
charting the coast line bordering on the Union
and Dolphin straits and the Coronation gulf re-
gion, east of the Mackenzie river mouth, re-
turned to Nome, Alaska, Aug. 15, 1916, on the
power schooner Alaska. Daniel Blue, engineer,
died at Bailey island in May, 1915, but with
this exception all of the little party which left
611 the Alaska in July, 1913, returned in safety.
The working base of the southern party was in
Bernard harbor, Coronation gulf. The Alaska
brought about thirty tons of specimens gathered
in the arctic regions.
AMUNDSEN NORTH POLE EXPEDITION.
Capt. Roald Amundsen, discoverer of the north-
west passage and the first man to reach the
south pole, is planning an expedition to the
north pole. If the European war is ended in
1917 he will start for the arctic regions about
midsummer and enter the ice at the beginning of
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
167
September east of Bennett's land, north of Si-
beria and some 240 miles farther east than the
point where Nansen began his drift in the Fram.
Amundsen will use a smaller vessel than the
Fram, but specially constructed and of shallow
draft. He will not, according to his plans as
formulated in 1916, carry an aeroplane or a
wireless outfit. The expedition will have pro-
visions for six years, but the leader expects that
the return will be made in from throe to five
years. The vessel which is being constructed
for the voyage will be a schooner of about 300
tons with three masts and equipped with a motor
capable of driving it nine miles an hour without
the help of sails. The crew will be limited to
eight. Twelve dogs will be taken along to be
used for the return trip in case the schooner
is wrecked.
BORDEN-LANE EXPEDITION.
The Great Bear, a large gasoline schooner,
owned jointly by Capt. Louis L. Lane and John
Borden of Chicago, sailed from Seattle July 26,
1916, with the owners and a crew of thirty men
to hunt whale and big game in the arctic
regions and also, if possible, to take supplies
to Vilhjalmar Stefansson, the explorer. All went
well until Aug. 10, when the vessel, which had
been sailed by dead reckoning owing to fog, ran
on Pinnacle rock, twenty-five miles northwest of
Nome, Alaska, aud was wrecked. All on board
were able to get into boats and escape to St. Mat-
thew's island, about seven miles away. They
saved a considerable amount of provisions from
the wreck and suffered little hardship. They
were rescued by the United States coast guard
cutter McCulloch on the morning of Aug. 2o
and brought to Nome.
CROCKER LAND EXPEDITION.
Prof. Maurice C. Tanquary, zoologist of the
Crocker Land expedition under Dr. Donald Mac-
Millan, arrived in Copenhagen, Denmark, in the
latter part of May, 1916, and Ensign Fitzhugh
Green, U. S. N., another member of the party,
followed him a few weeks later. Both con-
firmed the news made known in 1915 that the
land which members of the Peary expedition
supposed they saw in 1906 and called Crocker
Land had no existence in fact, and that what
the explorers actually saw was merely a mirage.
The members of the expedition were all well
when Tanquary and Green left them at Parker
Snow bay, east of Etah. They reported having
received valuable assistance from the Danish ex-
plorer, Knud Rasmusseu, Peter Freuchen and
others. The Grenfell mission schooner George B.
Cluett, which went to the relief of the expedi-
tion in July, 1915, returned to Battle Harbor,
Labrador, Sept. 7, 1916, but did not bring Dr.
MacMillan, Dr. E. O. Hovey or other scientists
back, as they had decided to continue their ex-
plorations in northern Greenland and to return
later on by way Of Denmark.
THE POLAR RECORD.
Tear. Explorer. ARCTIC.
Deg.
80
1854 E. K. Kane.
1871 Capt. Hall ............
1876 Capt. Nares .......................... 83
1879 Lieut. De Long ....................... 77
1882 Lieut. Greely ......................... 83
1890 Lieut. Peary ......................... 83
1S91 Lieut. Peary
1895 Fridtjof Nansen
1900 Duke d'Abruzzi
1902 Lieut. Peary
1904 Anthony Fiala
1906 Commander Peary
1909 Commander Peary
ANTARCTIC.
1774 Capt. Cook ............................ 71
1823 Capt. Weddell ........................ 74
1S42 Capt. Ross ........................... 77
1895 Borchgrevink ........................ 74
1898 De Gerlache .......................... 71
1900 Borchgrevink ........................ 78
1902 Capt. Robert F. Scott .............. 82
1909 Lieut. Shackleton ................... 88
1911 Roald Amundsen .................... 90
1912 Capt. Robert F. Scott .............. 90
Min.
56
16
10
15
24
50
24
14
33
17
13
(Pole)
15
15
49
10
36
50
17
23
(Pole:
(Pole)
FLAG OF THE UNITED STATES.
EXECUTIVE ORDER.
The executive order of Oct. 29, 1912, is hereby
revoked and for it is substituted the following:
Whereas, "An act to establish the flag of the
United States," approved on the 4th of April,
1818, reading as follows:
"Section 1. Be it enacted, etc., That from
and after the 4th day of July next, the flag of
the United States be thirteen horizontal stripes,
alternate red and white; that the union be
twenty stars, white in a blue field.
"Section 2. And be it further enacted, That
on the admission of every new state into the
union, one star be added to the union of the
flag ; and that such addition shall take effect on
the 4th of July then next succeeding such admis-
sion," fails to establish proportions; and
Whereas, investigation shows some sixty-six
different sizes of national flags, and of varying
proportions, in use in the executive departments ;
It is hereby ordered that national flags and
union jacks for all departments of the govern-
ment, with the exception noted under (a), shall
conform to the following proportions:
Hoist (width) of flag, 1.
Fly (length) of flag, 1.9.
Hoist (width) of union, 7-13.
Fly (length) of union .76.
Width of each stripe, 1-13.
(a). Exception: The colors carried by troops
and camp colors shall be the sizes prescribed for
the military service (army and navy).
Limitation of the number of sizes: With the
exception of colors under note (a) the sizes of
flags manufactured or purchased for the govern-
ment departments will be limited to those with
the following hoists:
(1), 20 feet; (2), 19 feet (standard); (3),
14.35 feet; (4), 12.19 feet; (5), 10 feet; (6), 8.94
feet; (7), 5.14 feet; (8), 5 feet; (9), 3.52 feet;
(10), 2.90 feet; (11), 2.37 feet; (12), 1.31 feet.
Union jacks: The size of the jack shall be the
size of the union of the national flag with which
it is flown.
Position and size of stars: The position and
size of each star for the union of the flag shall
be as indicated on a plan which will be fur-
nished to the departments by the navy depart-
ment. From this plan can be determined the
location and size of stars for flags of any dimen-
sions. Extra blue prints of this plan will be
furnished upon application to the navy depart-
ment.
Order effective: All national flags and union
jacks now on hand or for which contracts have
been awarded shall be continued in use until un-
serviceable, but all those manufactured or pur-
chased for government use after the date of this
order shall conform strictly to the dimensions
and proportions herein prescribed.
WOODROW WILSON.
The White House, May 29, 1916.
The national flag of the United States now
consists of thirteen alternate red and white
stripes, representing the original thirteen states,
and a blue field on which are forty-eight white
stars arranged in six rows of eight stars each,
representing the forty-eight states now consti-
tuting the union. The last two stars were
added in 1912 when New Mexico and Arizona
were officially admitted as stites. June 14 is
generally observed as flag display day.
Laws are in force in some of the states for-
bidding the desecration or mutilation of the flag
or its use in any way for advertising purposes.
A federal law forbids the use of the national
flag on trade marks.
168
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
RAILROADS OF THE UNITED STATES.
OPERATING STATISTICS OF PRINCIPAL SYSTEMS.
Fiscal year ended June 30, 1916.
Mileage Operating Operating Operating
Railroad. operated. revenues. expenses. Taxes. income.
Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe 8,648 $112,625,273 $67,553,414 $5,327,652 $39,711,168
Atlantic Coast line 4,706 34,445,110 22,797,008 1,793,831 9,838,827
Baltimore & Ohio (system) 4,539 111,668,680 79,319,804 3,674,248 28,639,064
Boston & Maine 2,298 52,075,428 36,197,958 1,986,267 13,888,578
Central of Georgia 1,924 12.567/18 8,845,067 639,520 3,067,289
Central of New Jersey 684 33,462,929 21,129,895 1,826,514 10,505,758
Chesapeake & Ohio lines 2,386 48,239,012 31,789,179 1,587,407 14,842,218
Chicago '& Alton 1.052 16,325,288 11,601,794 566,839 4,147,140
Chicago & Eastern Illinois 1,136 16.698.404 12,680,319 703,457 3,309,647
Chicago & Northwestern 8,108 91,313,866 61,952,329 4,741,527 24,606,707
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy 9,368 102,358,893 61,713,161 4,449,291 36,186,894
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul 10,216 105,646,484 69,120,958 5,264,331 31,222,860
Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific 7,622 72,189,277 52,308,871 3,450,278 16,399,678
Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha... 1,753 19,522,563 12,958,838 1,022,053 5,535,335
Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton 622 10,561,749 8,113,865 378,857 2,066,038
Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis. 2,384 43,478,002 29,195,230 1,556,131 12,717,953
Delaware & Hudson 886 25,922,671 16,370,167 6o8,458 8,891,854
Delaware, Lacka wanna & Western 955 49,335,739 29,511,905 2,210,734 17,609,604
Denver & Rio Grande 2,577 24,890,084 14,739,410 1,091,461 9,057,705
Duluth, Messabe & Northern....- 411 11,470,003 4,824,084 629,565 6,016,954
Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic 628 3,506,792 2,482,149 251,683 772,711
El Paso & Southwestern 1,027 10,671,627 5,924,268 471,367 4,275,680
Elgin, Joliet & Eastern 800 13,353,457 7,620,248 458,783 5,273,556
Erie 1,988 65,115,459 42,638,484 2,104,882 20,333,154
Florida East Coast 745 7,204,482 3,995,586 326,855 2,881,418
Galveston, Harrisburg & San Antonio 1,351 12,831,389 9,315,071 596,447 2,912,587
Grand Rapids & Indiana 575 5,632,005 4,149,903 272,628 1,207,572
Grnd Trunk Western* 347 8,818,662 5,717,700 439,641 2,660,339
Great Northern 8,101 81,233,092 43,862,972 5,130,379 32,234,834
Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe 1,938 15,425,934 12,672,696 724,838 2,027,730
Houston & Texas Central 895 6,484,167 4,665,365 361,905 1,454,398
Illinois Central 4,767 69,077,343 51,173,728 3,724,021 14,155,087
International & Great Northern.... 1,159 9,420,291 7,339,224 418,677 1,660,408
Kansas City Southern 837 10,583,630 6,361,722 561,990 3,655,260
Lake Erie & Western 900 6.941,354 4,607,786 283,803 2,048,803
Lehigh Valley 1,444 47,382,569 33,092,978 1,706,093 12,574,714
Long Island 397 14,208,120 9,463,675 900,208 3,838,450
Louisville & Nashville 5,038 60,317,993 39,790,481 2,237,583 18,265,906
Maine Central 1,220 12,001,673 8,192,578 636,423 3,171.505
Michigan Central 1,803 41,884,593 27,845,935 1,633,936 12,398,101
Minneapolis & St. Louis 1,646 10,721,513 7,022,098 458,679 3,237,062
Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste Mariet- 4,228 35,010,064 19,081,068 1,537,712 14,391,284
Missouri, Kansas & Texas system 3,865 32,485,508 25,794,345 1,650,167 5,029,973
Missouri Pacific 3,931 31,589,056 28,844,131 1,293,988 5,422,237
Mobile & Ohio 1.122 11,868,028 8,553,737 406,384 2,925,200
Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis 1,231 12,670,688 9.439,033 325.251 2,903,144
New York Central 6,093 209.303,754 132,949,171 8,823,200 67,509,927
New York, Chicago & St. Louis 570 14.378.P.14 9,904,100 501,376 3,967,070
New York, New Haven & Hartford 2,005 76,311,567 25,233,295 2,856,255 22,371,280
New York, Ontario & Western 568 8,942,252 6,202,922 259,923 2,477,863
Norfolk & Western 2,086 57,304,586 32,181,346 2,065,000 23,054,786
Northern Pacific 6,508 75,939,231 40,366,412 5,073,415 30,493,190
Northwestern Pacific 507 4,319,598 2,752,955 204,818 1,361,361
Oregon Short line 2,259 24.982.959 12,810,594 1,615,864 10,551,561
Oregon-Washington R. R. & Navigation Co. 2,053 17,447,346 11,846,448 1,192,503 4,406,384
Pennsylvania company 1,758 71,255,665 46,447,373 3,403,105 21,402,493
Pennsylvania railroad 4,541 220,113,358 155,278,979 7,839,321 56,949,999
Pere Marquette 2,249 21,210,053 14,530,425 626,275 6,045,026
Philadelphia. Baltimore & Washington 717 23,680,869 17,192,213 668,780 5,816,899
Pittsburgh & Lake Erie 225 22,635,156 10,371,814 649,122 11,614,177
Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis 1,489 47,370,153 33,827,895 2,038,313 11,501,395
St. Louis & San Francisco 4,752 46,358,626 30,811,370 2,093,945 13,434,112
St. Louis, Iron Mountain & Southern 3,555 32,783,246 23,439,885 1,558,492 7,754,523
St. Louis Southwestern 943 8,040,227 4,624,543 387,775 3,025,405
St. Louis Southwestern of Texas 810 4,184,222 3,782,242 211,301 189,849
San Antonio & Aransas Pass 724 3,862,745 3,404,594 183,932 273,392
San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake 1,154 11,244,355 6,678,177 578,886 3,986,282
Seaboard 3.449 15,321,018 9,974,891 689,297 4,650,887
Southern 7,027 69,997,675 46,041,116 2,916,427 21,004,005
Southern Pacific 6,950 115,942,991 71,678,820 5,068,111 39,176,237
Texas & Pacific 1,944 19.156,856 13,815,976 920,438 4,410,636
Union Pacific 3,622 62,286,701 33,925,738 2,502,331 25,846,692
Vandalia 917 12,486,643 9,370,575 449,587 2,665,024
Wabash 2,519 34,704,887 23,749,880 1,027,943 9,920,396
Western Maryland 689 10,930,369 7,039,608 348,740 3,541,823
Westorn Pacific 941 7,466,004 4,787,892 349,174 2,327,406
Wheeling & Lake Erio 512 9.984.516 5,580.840 452,393 3,151,175
Yazoo & Mississippi Valley 1,382 13,552,431 8,928,039 629,588 3,992,186
*Total mileage of Grand Trunk rnilwny system, Canadian Pacific railway, 12,994; gross earn-
7,538; gross receipts year ended Dec. 31, 1915, ings year ende,d June 30, 1916, $129,481,885.74;
$40,136,620; working expenses, $31,914,484; net working expenses, $80,255,965; net earnings, $49,-
traflSc receipts, $8,222,136. tTotal mileage of 225,920.46.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
RAILROAD STATISTICS TO JUNE 30, 1915.
[From interstate commerce commission report.]
The statistics given herewith cover the fiscal
year ended June 30, 1915, and are summarized
from the annual reports of railroad companies
having operating revenues of more than $100,000
for the year and also of companies owning prop-
erty operated under lease or other agreement
by those carriers:
Miles of line operated 257,569
Miles of track operated 391,141
Second track 28,645
Third track 2,714
Fourth track 1,925
Yard track 99,910
Other track 378
Locomotives in service 65,099
Steam 64,835
Other 264
Cars in service 2,507.977
Passenger 55,705
Freight -. 2,356.338
Company service 95.934
Freight capacity, tons 92,225,541
Employes (class 1 and 2 roads) 1,409,342
Compensation for year $1,164,844.430
Capital outstanding $21,127,959,078
Dividends declared $328,477,938
Dividends, average per cent.
Passengers carried.
Passengers carried one mile
6.29
976,303,602
32,247,563
Tons freight carried 1,802,018,177
Tons carried one mile 276,830,302,723
OPERATING REVENUES.
Freight revenue $2,037,925,560
Passenger 646,475,045
Excess baggage 6,442,869
Sleeping car 2,552,405
Parlor and chair car 1,304.538
Mail 58,359,095
Express 70,124,795
Milk 14,436,319
Other passenger revenue 4,247,867
Switching 31,274,203
Special service train 1,673,958
Other freight trains 536,317
Water transfers Freight 547,800
"Water transfers Passenger 1,704,531
Water transfers Vehicle, etc 1,909,463
Water transfers Other 915,331
Water line transportation 13,867,737
Operations other than transportation 59,820,281
Joint facilities Dr 1,417,403
Joint facilities Cr 3,492,491
Total operating revenues 2,956,193,202
OPERATING EXPENSES.
Maintenance of way and structures.. $381,532,488
Maintenance of equipment 509,818,744
Traffic 60,92,687
Transportation Rail 1,032,442,821
Water line 8,688,803
Miscellaneous operations 23,157,637
Transportation for investment Cr.... 6,982,898
General 79,043,173
Total operating expenses ............ 2,088.682,956
INCOME AND PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNTS.
OPERATING BOADS.
Income Account.
Railway operating revenues ........... $2,956,193,202
Railway operating expenses .......... 2,088,682,956
Net revenue railway operations ...... 867,510,246
Railway tax accruals
Uncollectible railway revenues .......
Railway operating income .............
Revenues from miscellaneous opera-
tions ..................................
Expenses of miscellaneous operations
Net revenue from miscellaneous op-
erations ..............................
Taxes on miscellaneous operating
property ..............................
Miscellaneous operating income ......
137,775,259
38,527,886
33,678,467
4,849,419
1,940,221
2,909,198
Total operating income 731.978.207
Nonoperating Income.
Hire of freight cars Cr. balance..
Rent from locomotives
Rent from passenger train cars
Rent from floating equipment
Rent from work equipment
Joint facility rent income
Income from lease of road ............
Miscellaneous rent income ......... . ----
Miscellaneous nonoperating physical
property ..............................
Separately operated properties Profit
Dividend income ........... . ..........
Income from funded securities ........
Income from unfunded securities and
Income from sinking and other re-
serve funds ..........................
Release of premiums on funded debt
Contributions from other companies..
Miscellaneous income ..................
12.862,659
6,935,794
10,782,478
157,857
2,037,699
24,681,299
6,590,955
8,179,816
2,683,584
1,707,867
87,974,397
40,469,176
28,521,399
2,704,186
101,370
4,376,560
3,081,850
Total nonoperating income 243,848,946
Gross income 975,827,153
Deductions from Gross Income.
Hire of freight cars Dr. balance... 33,850,289
Rent for locomotives 6,875,247
Rent for passenger train cars 11,735,925
Rent for floating equipment 714,917
Rent for work equipment 461,496
Joint facility rents 38,612,810
Rent for leased roads 123,247,457
Miscellaneous rents 5,667,136
Miscellaneous tax accruals 2,033,249
Separately operated properties Loss. 3,056,046
Interest on funded debt 403,923,247
Interest on unfunded debt 31,022,495
Amortization of discount on funded
debt 3,226,145
Maintenance of investment organiza-
tion 283,831
Income transferred to other com-
panies 886,242
Miscellaneous income charges 1,852,054
Total deductions from gross income 667,448,586
Net income ........................... 308,378,567
Disposition of Net Income.
Income applied to sinking and re-
serve funds ............................
Dividend appropriations of income...
Income appropriated for investment..
Stock discount extinguished through
income
11,118,856
170,007,718
21,172,690
Miscellaneous appropriations of in-
22,608
come .................................. 3,697,491
Total appropriations of income...
Income balance transferred to profit
and loss
Profit and Loss Account.
Credit balance transferred from in-
come
Profit on road and equipment sold...
Delayed income credits
Unrefundable overcharges
Donations
Miscellaneous credits
Total credits
Debit balance transferred from in-
come
Surplus applied to sinking and re-
serve funds
Dividend appropriations of surplus...
Surplus for investment in physical
property
206,019,361
102,359,206
156,144,195
2,287,221
2,139,933
457,726
1,280,322
40.481.781
202,791,178
53,784,989
945,681
94,259,391
8,413,306
Stock discount extinguished through
surplus
Debt discount extinguished through
surplus 12,667,813
Miscellaneous appropriations of sur-
plus 1,808,425
170
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Loss on retired road and equipment. $24,563,044
Delayed income debits 4,010,829
Miscellaneous debits 64,894.771
Total debits during year 265,750,233
Net decrease during year $62,959,055
Balance at beginning of year 939,949,318
Balance at end of year 876,990,263
PULLMAN COMPANY STATISTICS.
118,248
[From interstate commerce commission's abstract
June 30,
Average mileage (single track) over
which operations were conducted
(miles)
BALANCE SHEET.
Cost of property and equipment $146,268,380
Securities owned 6,963,027
Lands owned 6,651
Cash 13,605,346
Bills receivable 513,320
Due from agents and conductors 320,752
Due from solvent companies aud in-
dividuals 1,911,041
Materials and supplies 3,963,802
Sinking, insurance and other funds 345,644
Sundries 75,248
Total 173,973,211
Capital stock 120,000,000
Audited vouchers and accounts 2,888,595
Wages and salaries 617,637
Dividends not called for 16,832
Miscellaneous ". 4,531,438
Dividends accrued on capital stock 1,583,123
Reserve accounts 38,543,970
Profit and loss 5,791,616
INCOME ACCOUNT.
Car operating revenues 38,722,660
Car operating expenses
Net car operating revenue 12,089,921
Auxiliary operations Revenues 649,532
Expenses
Net revenue from auxiliary operat's *2,328
Total net revenue from operation... 12,087,593
Taxes accrued 1,271,320
Operating income 10,816,273
Dividends declared on stocks owned or
controlled 96,431
Interest accrued on funded debt owned
or controlled 93,714
Interest on other securities, loans and
accounts 348,533
Total nonoperating income 538, 678
Gross income 11,354,951
Hire of equipment Debit balance 5,701
Interest 105.229
Total deductions from gross income. 110,993
Net corporate income 11,243,958
Dividends on stock declared from in-
come 9,493,967
Balance for year carried forward to
credit of profit and loss 1,749,991
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT.
Balance for year brought forward from
income 1,749,991
Miscellaneous credits during the year.. 2,216,544
Total credits during the year ,1, 966,535
Miscellaneous charges during the year. 3,474,736
Net increase in surplus during the
year 491,799
Credit balance at beginning of year 5,299,817
of statistics of common carriers for year ended
1915.]
OPERATING REVENUES.
Berth revenue $33,376,399
Seat revenue 6,595,991
Charter of cars 434,685
Miscellaneous revenue 72,281
Car mileage revenue 664,189
Association and contract revenue Dr.. 2,420,885
Total operating revenues 38,722,660
OPERATING EXPENSES.
Maintenance 13,775,49$
Conducting car operations 11,715,693
General expenses 1,141,550
Total operating expenses 26,632,739
Ratio of operating expenses to operat-
ing revenues (per cent) 68.78
EMPLOYES AND SALARIES.
Class. tNo. IPay.
Maintenance Mechanics, electricians,
seamstresses, repairmen, carpenters,
shop employes, etc 3,867 $2.34
Conducting car operations General of-
ficers and staff (superintendence). 113 4.06
District superintendents, agents and
staff 1,303 2.42
Conductors 2,294 3.06
Porters and maids 6,786 1.12
Train stenographers 5 2.28
Car cleaners 3,922 1.62
General expenses General ofiacers.... 29 20.78
Clerks and attendants 499 2.43
Auxiliary operations
Commissary (superintendence) 16 2.82
Agents awd staff, conductors, waiters,
cooks, etc 272 1.57
Balance at .end of year.
5,701,616
Total (including general officers).. 19,103 1.92
OPERATING STATISTICS.
Total number of revenue passengers
Berth 13,678,009
Total number of revenue passengers
Seat . . .* . . . .t 10,574,453
Average revenue per passenger Berth. $2.44
Average revenue per passenger Seat.. $0.62
Total number of car-miles 683,457,412
Total number of car-days 2,096,912
Average number of revenue passengers
per car per day
Operating revenues per car-mile (cents) 5.666
Operating revenues per car-day $18.46651
Operating expenses per car-mile (cents) 3.897
Operating expenses per car-day $12.70093
Net operating revenue per car-mile
(cents) 1.769
Net operating revenue per car-day $5.76558
Average number of car-miles per car-day 325.94
EQUIPMENT IN SERVICE ON JUNE 30, 1915.
Standard sleeping cars 5,200
Tourist sleeping cars 750
Parlor cars 1,086
Dining curs 14
Composite cars 115
Private cars 36
Total
*Deficit. vNumber June 30.
compensation.
7,201
{Average daily
MILK PRODUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES.
The production of milk in the United States in
1915 was estimated at 11,590,000,000 gallons, which
was equivalent to about 115 gallons per capita
population. At an average price of 20 cents a
gallon, the year's production of milk was valued
at about $2,320,000,000 to the producers.
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
171
ELECTRIC RAILWAYS IN THE UNITED STATES.
[Federel census bureau report.]
ELECTRIC RAILWAYS BY STATES (1912).
Miles Passengers Gross
income.
$4.344.668
360,288
1.891,949
34.845.771
6.630,480
14.457.064
17.318.667
,..2.203 1,395,2.34.949
211.469,425
109,450.938
41,312.262
132,217,034
117.037,478
53,184.598
259,978,572
974,688.684
371,396.806
249,490.524
12,849.267
575,813.719
17,430.364
82,867,589
7.720.595
3,894.371
55.899.544
16.142.075
7.452.454
2.944.154
6,155,248
6,901,751
3,593.617
37.490.704
17.864.692
9.685.158
910.390
21.240.533
1.065,597
3,618,337
State. line. carried.
Alabama 222 74.889.350
Arizona 54 5.802.885
Arkansas 95 28,168.102
California 1,766 683.326.934
Colorado 348 107.502.972
Connecticut 997 316.749.300
Delaware 74 21.881.379
District of Columbia... 112 153.887.045
Florida 141 34.041.372
Georgia 341 103.592.240
Idaho 129 54.646. j
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania 3,269 1.198,384.149
Rhode Island 435
South Dakota 22
Tennessee 259 122,188.294 6.151.953
Texas 597 160,005,067 8,514,403
Utah. 260
Vermont 97 8.761.648 631.241
Virginia 419 114,601.299 7.247,056
Washington 739 163.717.821 13.590,933
West Virginia 357 54.802.105 3,585,626
Wisconsin 582 175,993.201 8.648.124
Wyoming 23
NOTE In the above table Arizona includes New
Mexico; Connecticut includes Rhode Island: Del-
aware includes the gross income- of the roads in
the District of Columbia and Maryland; Idaho
includes passengers carried and gross income of
roads in Nevada. Utah and Wyoming; North Da-
kota includes passengers carried and gross in-
come of roads in South Dakota. The mileage
given for Connecticut, Idaho. Nevada. Rhode
2.038
. 642
. 395
. 357
. 199
. 486
. 419
.2.238
.1,140
. 329
. 107
. 579
. 82
. 150
. 11
. 217 26.651.471 1.250.391
. 897 452.964.664 18,321.483
.2,814 2,473,872.433 123.523,376
. 154 2^.500.960 2.348.715
4,827.242 238.587
814.481.364 40.706,038
25.491.981 1,449.278
101.194.838 7,856,471
56.194.047
. 19
.3,228
. 214
. 389
Island, South Dakota and Wyoming represent*
single track and not length of road.
GENERAL SUMMARY.
1912.
1,260
975
285
30,437.86
41,064.82
94,016
76.162
17,854
277
282.461
1902.
987
817
170
16,645.34
22.576.99
66.784
60,290
6,494
23,271
$259,190
140,769
7.128
133.641
3.665,051 1,349.211 171.6
Number companies..
Operating
Lessor
Miles line
Miles single trackf.
Cars, number
Passenger
All other
Electric locomotives
PersOHa employed..
Salaried
Wage earners
Power Horsepower,
total
Steam and gas en-
gines (including
turbines)
Number
Horsepower ...
Water wheels-
Number
Horsepower ...
Kilowatt capacity
of dynamos
Output of stations,
kilowatt hours.. 6.052,699,0082.261,484.397
Current purchased,
kilowatt hours.. 2.967.318,781 ()
Passengers carried.. 12, 135, 341, 716 5,836,615.296
Revenue 9,545,554,6674.774.211,904
Transfer 2,423,918,024 1,062.403,392
Free 165,869,025 ()
Car mileage 1.921.620,0741,144.430.466
Gross income $585,930.517 $250.504.627
Operating revenues $567,511.704
Transportation ... $520,184,773
NontransportationH $47,326.931
Income, other $18,418.813
Pet.
inc.*
27.7
19.3
67.6
82.9
81.9
40.8
26.3
174.9
ioo!?
226.5
93.9
2,312
3,193,744
471.307
2,508,066
2.351
1,300.058
159
49.153
1.7
145.7
140.9
858.9
898.362 179.2
107.9
99.9
128.1
'67'. 9
133.9
129.2
120.4
309.5
524.2
133.9
$247.553,999
$235,997.005
$11,556.994
$2,950.628
Operating expenses. $332,896.356 $142.312,597
Gross income less op-
erating expenses.. $253,034,161 $108,192.030 133.9
Taxes and fixed
charges $191,123,408 $77,595.053 146.3
Net income $61,910.753 $30,596.977 102.3
Dividends $51,650,117 $15.882,110 225.2
Surplus $10,260,636 $14,714.86730.3
*A minus sign ( ) denotes decrease, tlncludes
track lying outside the United States, namely.
1912. 31.91 miles, and 1902, 4.20 miles and exclu-
sive of track not operated. JNumber employed
Sept. 16, 1912. 1 SFigures not available. Hlncome
from sale of current included: In 1912, $36,500.030:
in 1907, $20,093,302; and in 1902, $7,703.574.
ACCIDENTS ON ELECTRIC RAILWAYS.
Passengers
Employes on duty 24
Employes not on duty 3
Other persons, not trespassing 191
Trespassers 103
1915. N , 1914.
Killed. Injured. Killed. Injured.
58 3,229
46
Total
356
4,215
168
523
568
34
1,085
139
ailed.
36
50
3
197
117
403
Injured.
3,041
548
4,608
, 1912. *
Killed. Injured.
35 2,862
46
1
118
439
100
659
128
4012
ACCIDENTS ON STEAM RAILWAYS.
For years ended June 30. [Reported by interstate commerce commission.]
CASUALTIES TO PASSENGERS AND EMPLOYES.
The total number of casualties to persons re-
ported for the year 1915 was 170,661. The killed
numbered 8,621 and the injured 162,040. The
total included 343 employes killed and 99,192 em-
ployes injured in "industrial accidents."
, 1915. , , 1914. N
In- In-
Killed.jurpd. Killed. jurcd.
89 4,648 85 7,001
133 7,462 180 8,120
Passengers :
In train accidents..
Other causes
Total
12,110 265 15,121
, 1915. x
( 1914. >
In-
In-
Employes on duty: Killed. jured.
In train accidents.. 221 3,371
Killed.jured.
452 4,823
In coupling accidents 90
1,993
171 2,692
Overhead obstruc-
tions, etc 45
1,083
89 1,490
Falling from cars.etc. 368
Other causes 870
10,748
20,865
497 14,563
1,314 27,273
Total .1,594
38,060
2,523 50,841
Total passengers &
employes on duty. 1,816
50,170
2,788 65,962
172
ALMANAC AND YEAR-BOOK FOR 1917.
Employes not on duty:
In train accidents...
In coupling accidents
Overhead obstruc-
tions, etc
5
72
1
10
287
470
5
3
54
265
327
9
1.298
117
2
370
603
Trespassers :
In train accidents
Other causes
... 88
. ..1 996
161
6,287
6,448
75
5,396
5,471
178
6,176
6,354
79,383
113,274
192,6f.2
Falling from cars.ete.
Other causes
Total
45
165
215 '
7
1,156
Total accidents in-
volving train op-
eration s 978
62,848
99,192
162,040
9,893
409
10,302
840
110
5,280
1,097
148
5,827
Other persons not
trespassing:
In train accidents...
Other causes
Total
Industrial accidents
Grand total
... 343
...8,621
1,163
5,390
1,307
5,975
DERAILMENTS AND COLLISIONS.
Classes.
Collisions:
Bear
Butting
Trains separating
Miscellaneous
Total
Derailments due to
Defects of roadway
Defects of equipment
Negligence of trainmen, s 
