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I J.

CHRONOGRAMS

5000 and more in number

excerpted out of various authors
and collected at many places

By JAMES HILTON, F.SA.

nVgas NGN oMnIno IneiiVDItas
qVas In hoC LIbro InVenerIs

NE SPERNAS LeCtOR BENEVoLe.

TA^ saftu dofu into English,
THE qVaInT bVt not ALTOGETHER VnsChoLarLy

ConCeIts whICh thIs LIttLe book ContaIneth
DespIse not o CoVrteoVs reaDer.

tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt

LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK, Paternoster Row.

1882.

'Il»»»»ft<»

4 k

•9 ►

^j eXCeLLent neVV book

Chronograms
gathered together

NOVV SET FORTH

I. hILton, F.S.A.

. C/-.

HE word Chronogram, derived from the Greek
')(p6vo<i tinUy and ypd/Afia a writing has been
defined as an inscription in which a certain date
or epoch is expressed by numerical letters, as in
the motto of a medal to Gustavus Adolphus —
ChrIstVs DVX ergo trIVMphVs.^
The total sum of the figures represented by the large capital letters
gives the date 1632, The words Chronograph, Chronicon, Chrono-
sticbon, Eteostichon, Eteomenehemerodistichon, and some other
kindred words, are synonymous, and are used indiscriminately by
early writers. The word Chronogram is said to have been first used
in some verses addressed to the King of Poland in 1575.

I cannot find that there exists any essay on this subject beyond
what may be found in brief articles in English cyclopaedias, and in

* Sec page 187.

vi PREFACE.

German and French * conversations-lexicons ;' and it maybe asserted
that no general collection of chronograms has ever been published,
if indeed such has ever been made. The present work is put forth
to fill a void in this field of literature, and to present to observant
readers a very curious subject ; also to preserve the result of many
years' work in collecting, and of special research in attempting to
elucidate the subject. The words composing a chronogram ought to
convey a pertinent allusion to the event which it commemorates, the
sentence should be concise, and should contain no more numerical
letters than are necessary to form the date. A more extended
application of the chronogram writing will be noticed ; for instance
a long poem, or even a whole book, has been so composed, repre-
senting continuously one particular date.

Chronograms, although generally composed in Latin, are not
confined to that language ; they are to be met with in most parts of
Europe, in Germany, Holland, Belgium, Hungary; rarely in England
and France, and scarcely at all in Italy.^ They occur also in some
Oriental countries, and especially where the Arabic language is or
has been in use. They were written in the Hebrew language as
early as the year 1208 ; we find them in Arabic (see p. 537 of this
volume) representing the year 1318 ; they were used in Europe some-
what later in the same century,' and were much in fashion in the
sixteenth and seventeenth, and part of the eighteenth centuries.
There is no satisfactory evidence of their use or composition in
Europe, at least in any of the Western languages, earlier than about
the middle of the fourteenth century, and although some chrono-
grams express earlier dates, it is almost certain that such were made
in times when the fashion prevailed, in fact that they were composed
retrospectively.' It has been said that the Romans used chronograms
in their later works, but after extensive research I have not met with
any, and writers who have given currency to the affirmation have not

^ I have not met with chronograms belonging to countries not mentioned in sub-
sequent pages. ' See page 12, infra.
' Some are particularly referred to in the Appendix, page 547.

PREFACE, vii

supported it by examples. Many instances of retrospective chro-
nograms are pointed out in the pages of this volume, and where
any reason exists for supposing that others are the work of more
modem writers, the reader's attention is accordingly directed to the
probability.

Chronograms may be seen (very rarely, however, in England)
inscribed on buildings and monuments to record the date of con-
struction or restoration, on tombs, and in other situations; and
when once the observer is familiar with their appearance and the
mixed array of short and tall letters,^ they are easily recognised,
though it is difficult sometimes to read them in consequence of
local obstructions, decay, or insufficient light. They occur also as
inscriptions on modern medals ; epochs of European history are
illustrated by thousands of these works of art, struck to com-
memorate the birth, coronation, career, or death of princes and
potentates; battles, sieges, and wars which their subjects have
fought and endured for them, as well as the treaties made and
alliances formed on the establishment of peace; social and local
events, the founding of universities and the like, — all have been illus-
trated by medals bearing chronogrammatic inscriptions, by which
alone the date of the event commemorated by the medal is
indicated. Current coins of a country, however, are seldom chrono-
graphic; those of the free city of Nurembeig are a prominent though
rare example of that mode of dating coins, which has now entirely
passed out of use, at least in Europe.

Books, which, however, it is no easy matter to find out, contain
a great many chronograms. Some books require a most careful
inspection in order to detect and regain the treasures which at one
time delighted their readers, but which are now hardly within the

^ This featare is alluded to in the mock epic of the 'Scribleriad/ Book 2, line 157,
written in 1742 by Richard O. Cambridge, and published in 1751 —

Not thus the looser chronograms prepare.
Careless their troops, undisciplined to war ;
With rank irregular confus'd they stand,
The chieftains mingling with the vulgar band.

viii PREFACE,

knowledge of the modern student or 'bookworm.' Many books
bear a chronogram on the title-page, or even on the back of it, in
the place of figures, to tell the date of the publication ; occasionally
the title as well as the date is jointly expressed in that manner ;
some books again are full of chronograms from beginning to end,
expressing the date over and over again, repeating it many
hundreds of times in continual variety of words ; entire odes and
poems are thus composed, thoroughly fulfilling the strict rules of
Latin versification, while cramped by the employment of words
containing the needful date-letters. This is but an outline of the
formerly extensive application of chronograms.

As the purpose of a chron(^ram is to express a date correctly,
it is obvious that it should contain the requisite numerical letters
and no more : no such letters may be passed over to suit the con-
venience of the composer ; surplus letters would assert too much and
carry the date beyond its limits. It is essential to a good chrono-
gram that every numerical letter in the sentence must be counted.
There is, however, a deviation from this principle, which seems to
have originated, or at least to have been followed as a rule, in the
Netherlands or Flanders. It consists in the neglect of the letter D
(=5500) as a numeral, and the reason for this is the alleged usage of
the Romans in not representing the number 500 by that letter, but
using instead thereof the symbol 1 3 in their inscriptions. It is
further maintained that the numeral D was a corruption of 13, and
therefore it had no place amongst the Roman numerals.^ Whatever
may have been the old Roman use, that symbol was extensively

^ As to the use of the numeral D, I find in Grater's ' Inscriptiones antique ' (Monu-
menta Christianorum) the following dates to short epitaphs —

Litoris . famvlvs . dei . vixit . annos . plus . minus . Lxxv . reqvievit . in . pace ix .
kalend . ivl . era . d.xlviii . A . xp. w.

^if^M^— mortws . est . era . D.cxini.

i4fi^/^— reqvievit . in . pace . D.iii . id. martias . era . d.lxxxii.

^if^M«r— reqvievit . in . pace . domini . ix . kal . novembris . era . DCXXii.

^ntf/A^— consumatum . oc . opvs . era . Dccxx.

Anothtr—tt^ . in . pace . kal . decb . era . dciiii.

In these initances the last letter D, unless it is to be read ' era Domini/ must mean the
numeral D s 500.

PREFACE. ix

employed on the title-pages of books and otherwise, when time had
so far advanced as to require the notation of 500 in a date of 1500
years, or beyond. The Flemish chronogram-makers treated the
letter D as nil^ and thus gained the advantage of more freedom in
the use of words in a sentence without making too high a number.
The occasional use by them of the numeral D shows that the method
was arbitrary at the pleasure of the writer, and it is obvious that
chronograms so written are not to be taken as models of correctness.
It is otherwise with the letter Ma 1000, and the other numerical
letters ; they are always to be counted at their value, and any excep-
tion is a manifest error.

The numerical letters in a chronogram are usually capitals made
taller or larger than the others, or distinguished by being marked
with gilding, or differing in colour, red for instance, though I have
sometimes met with chron(^rams printed entirely in small letters
without any distinguishing mark for the numerals. These must have
been either a puzzle designed by the author or a blunder committed
by the printer. The inequality of the letters, whether in inscriptions
or in print, has often been regarded by persons not knowing their
purport as a piece of carelessness or eccentricity. Much real careless-
ness is met with in foreign-printed chronograms, as in the omission to
use large capitals for numerals, or in the insertion of other large
capitals which have no numerical meaning.

The invention of chronograms cannot yet be clearly traced to any
source, either as to date or country. The Romans, as before observed,
are said but not shown to have made them. It has been suggested
that mediaeval scholars, or * monks' (for they were the scholars), were
their originators, and used them as a sort of memoria technica^ but alL
are too complex ever to have served for any purpose of artificial
memory. As I have said above, I have found none in the Western
languages that can be regarded as authentic, earlier than the 14th
century. On turning to the Oriental languages we find that literature
was much cultivated in Persia from the ninth to the thirteenth cen-
turies. Persian chronogrrams in the Arabic language of equal or
greater antiquity than European examples, and still earlier ones in

X PREFACE.

the Hebrew language, are given in the last chapter (p. 537) of this
book, and I there venture to surest that it is among the early
writings of the people using one or other of these languages that
the origin of chronograms will be found. It is highly probable
that European scholars derived the art from their Oriental, or their
Hebrew predecessors.

Chronograms, after having enjoyed great popularity in Ger-
many and the Netherlands for at least two centuries, among
men of classical learning and high academical position,^ and having
received much Court patronage and perhaps reward also, began
to lose favour, and towards the conclusion of the eighteenth cen-
tury or a trifle later men ceased to cut them on stone, print them
on paper, engrave them on copper, or stamp them on medals ; and
even the books rich in chronog^rams stored on the shelves of
valued libraries were gradually forgotten, or at least were dis-
regarded by all except a few students and others, whom we
may call friends of literary curiosities. Whilst they were still held
in high estimation some deprecatory voices were raised, and among
them was heard that of a well-known contributor to the Spectator
of 170 years ago, Joseph Addison. He wrote his * Dialogues on
Medals ' whilst residing at Vienna in 1702 ; and from the particular
point of view taken by him as an admirer of the Roman and other
ancient medals, he thus speaks (after ' giving some examples of con-
cise inscriptions on Roman coins), ' Before we quit the legends of
medals, I cannot but take notice of a kind of wit that flourishes very
much on many of the modem medals, especially those of Germany,
when we represent in the inscription the year in which they were
coined. The laborious German wits will turn over a whole dictionary
for one of those ingenious devices ; you would fancy, perhaps, that
they were searching after an apt classical term, but instead of that
they are looking out for a word with an M or a D in it When,
therefore, you see any of these inscriptions, you are not so much to
look in them for the thought as for the year of our Lord. There are

^ The members of several of the Jesuit colleges were prominent as chronogram-makers.

PREFACE. xi

foreign universities where this kind of wit is so much in vogue, that
as you praise a man in England for being an excellent philosopher
or poet, it is an ordinary character among them to be a great chrono-
grammatist' Again, in the Spectator^ No. 60, for 9th May 171 1,
Addison wrote concerning chronograms ; he calls them ' false wit * —
'A near relation to anagrams and acrostics — the results of monkish
ignorance — tricks in writing requiring much time and little capacity.'*
These are hard words to apply to matters of historic interest; perhaps
Addison, being a little fastidious, was worried with the fuss made
about the subject by the men with whom he associated during his
sojourn in Germany, and probably he never saw a collection of chrono-
grams, at least such as is presented in the pages of this volume.
His comparison was between the inscription consisting of but three
or four words, and the chronogram which was sometimes a whole
sentence of history, and perhaps composed in hexameter verse.
Addison did not, and indeed it is hardly possible for any one to
estimate the amount of time well used or misused, and ingenuity
expended on these compositions by the old writers, though we may
regret that they were occasionally constrained, by chronographic
necessity, to use inelegant Latin, and a conventional or trivial manner
of expression.

The translations offered in the following pages will hardly im-
prove the originals (which sometimes need some improvement) ; they
are intended to help the general reader, and to enliven a somewhat
dull subject. In this part of the work I have had the assistance of a
learned friend.* The result of our joint endeavours, it must be con-
fessed, is not altogether satisfactory, and perhaps a less close render-
ing of the original would have been preferable, at all events more
agreeable to read. In some cases translations are not given, either
because the originals are too easy or too obscure ; and, it may be

^ A few more deprecatory remarks may be seen in a small book of eighty-eight pages,
a Critical Essay on Medals, ascribed to J. Coningham, published in 1704; hut they are
unimportant. The writer complains that so much trouble was taken to indicate a date
which could be accomplished more clearly by figures. Perhaps Addison was of the same
opinion. So far both would be right.

« The Rev. Thomas Prescott, M.A.

xii PREFACE.

added, some are too long. Indeed the discovery of new and interest-
ing material in large quantity during the progress of this work,
rendered it necessary to abandon the original intention of translating
all chronograms, in order to keep the book within the limits of
reasonable thickness.

The arrangement or classification of chronograms according to
any one method would seem to be impossible, their extremely varied
character forbidding the chronological or an alphabetical order ; and
it is clear that neither a territorial nor a dynastic method could be
strictly followed, considering the changeable and ever changing
nature of the landmarks and boundaries of governments, which
history and the chronograms themselves tell us have occurred in the
last two centuries. It must be remembered also that chronographic
history is not continuous, and that a large amount of material not
within the limits of national history also belong^ to the subject.
The general groups of chronograms in the subsequent pages are thus
by necessity of a mixed character, but they seem to be the best that
could be adopted. Some of the books which I have brought to the
reader's notice are replete with chronograms from beginning to end,
and so remarkable that I was almost induced to reprint them in full ;
but as this could not be accomplished within the space of this
one volume, I decided to give extracts only, enough to show the
character of the books, while the references mentioned will tell the
student where he may find the originals.

It is curious to observe how ingeniously the chronogfram writers
have made the very words of ancient authors to serve their purpose.
Passages from Ovid, Virgil, Horace, or Statius, from mediaeval
hymns, and even from the Bible, are made to give out the dates of
modern events in a manner almost prophetic, and in some instances
quite so, if all that has been said on the subject is to be taken
seriously."*

Chronograms are not- mere puzzles, and although they have been
classed as such, and have been associated with anagrams, acrostics,

^ See page 221.

PREFACE. xiii

palindromes,^ etc., they deserve a more important position. I desire
to constitute them into a separate class, and to assert for the best
examples, an equality with epigram compositions which have always
been held in high estimation, and with which they have been exten-
sively associated ; and I hope that this collection may gain for them
that distinction. A special high position may be taken for them if
viewed in relation to the service they can render to history ; they are
to some extent a memento of history written in its own locality, when
found engraved on buildings, monuments, and medals; or inscribed in
local archives ; the date of an inscription may be obliterated, but a
chronogram as an inscription has an equal if not a better chance of
remaining legible than a date expressed by four figures, and thus it
certainly has a value peculiar to itself.

This collection is very far from being complete ; a great many
more chronograms are yet to be collected from books latent on the
shelves of great libraries, and from inscriptions in and about the
churches and other public buildings, especially on the elaborately
ornamented public fountains of small towns' and villages on the con-
tinent of Europe, where the restorer or decorator is every year
carrying on his work to destroy, and where decay also is slowly
but surely at work to obliterate chronograms. The tourist may,
if he will take the trouble (for it is a trouble), derive much enter-
tainment and occupation by observing carefully, and copying in his
note-book, everything of the sort he sees, before the destroyer's
hand intervenes. 0= loo

How to use or prove a chronogram. For example take ^= '

that from the beginning of this introductory essay, ChrIstVs j)^ -^^

DVX ERGO TrIVMphVs ; arrange the numeral letters V= 5

in a column with the equivalent figures and ascertain the ^^ '®

total ; or shorten the process by writing the figures only and v= 5

save the trouble of writing the letters; or use the still M= 1000

shorter process of mental addition. ^— r-^
1632

* Manj of these conceits may be traced by consulting the index.

xiv • PREFACE.

The reader is reminded here (in the margin) of the I = i
Roman numerals and their equivalent figures, used in the ^ ^ ^
formation of chronograms. In the Latin language the letter l -. j©
W has no existence; when a chronogram in that Ian- C = loo
guage requires the use of the letter, as for instance in a i^Zjqqq
name, it is usually printed as W, and counted as=io.
German and Dutch chronograms mostly have the same application
of the letter, and so in English chronograms when the date requires
such a use of it. The letter U is also usually printed as V=S. The
letter Y in Flemish and Dutch chronograms is generally read as II,
and counted as = 2, in conformity with the use of those languages.
^ An Appendix of Bibliography is given, mentioning the titles of
books from which chronograms have been extracted and dispersed
through the pages of this volume, and they are referred to by the
italic letters which accompany the dates placed in the margin of the
text ; the mark * indicates the chronograms collected by myself at
the places mentioned ; a list is also given of references to other similar
books, the titles of which* are more particularly mentioned in the text.
These constitute the authority for all that are printed in this collection.

No one can tell even approximately the number of chronograms
in existence. The following pages comprise more than 5100; this
number might be increased to 10,760 by making full extracts from
'Some remarkable books' noticed at and after page 434 in this
volume. The reader is referred to the conclusion of the Appendix,
where it will be seen that a further addition of some hundreds might
be made from books printed at the city of Ghent alone. I may say
with truth that we shall never find out all that have been written.
Great care has been taken to test and prove each chronogram,
to see that it makes the date placed against it in the margin ;
many an error in original print has by this means been corrected.
The same attention has been devoted to other matters and to verify
the dates quoted or referred to, in humble endeavour to avoid
inaccuracies. The short prefaces to each group will further elucidate
the subject, and afford the reader occasional information which I
myself was so much in want of on commencing my researches.

PREFACE. XV

The illustrations are selected to show some of the methods of
using chronograms in printed pages and book engravings ; they are
facsimile copies the exact size of the originals, except the three at
page 471, which are reduced by one-third. The medals are also
represented of the actual size, and are mostly taken from originals in
the British Museum. The head and tail pieces are selected in con-
siderable variety, from good seventeenth century examples, and the
'flourish' ornaments used from page 433 to the end of the volume
are woodcuts prepared expressly for this work from German seven-
teenth century originals, copied from books more or less connected
with chronog^ms ; they are quaint and I believe uncommon.

I thank my friends for all help rendered during my researches,
and for assistance experienced at the British Museum, the Bodleian,
and the Lambeth Palace Libraries, and at the Imperial Library at
Vienna; and if my readers feel inclined to promote the subject,
and to contribute chronograms or remarks thereon, I hope that they
will not refrain from communicating them to me direct, or through
the publisher. j jx

60 Montagu Square, London,
June 1882.

CONTENTS.

rACB

Chronograms in and concerning England, .

The Duke of Marlborough's Campaigns, .

Holland — Local Chronograms,

Belgium — Local Chronograms,

Germany — Rhine Country — Local Chronograms,

Germany — Bavaria, Saxony, Austria, Hungary, etc. — Local Chronograms,

Holland and the Netherlands — Historical and other Chronograms,

Germany, Hungary, Charles VL and Maria Theresa,

Prague and St John Nepomucen, ......

Poland, Sweden, Denmark, and Russia^Historical and other Chronograms,

France— Historical, Local, and other Chronograms,

Miscellaneous Chronograms, German, Belgian — ^Arithmetical — ^The Last

Day — ^The Augsburg Confession — Predictions — Sermons — Proverbs

— Spanish Armada — Don Carlos, etc., .....

German Monasteries, .......

Brabant and Flanders Monasteries, ......

The Sacrament Robbery and Miracle, at Brussels, ....

Books with Chronograms Dates, Titles, and Dedications,

Books by Jesuit Authors, with Chronogram dates,

Poemata Varia, by German writers, ......

Panegyric on a Duke of Brunswick, and other Chronogrammatic Poetry,

by German writers, .......

The Reformers — Huss, Zwingli, Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, and others, •
Distinguished Men, ........

Applause and Lamentations concerning some German Sovereigns and

other persons, ........ 382

Netherlands Pageants and Panegyrics, ..... 409

120

170

183

194

212
235
250
263
284
298
309

333
349

CONTENTS.

xvii

Some Remarkable Books — De Spiritali Imitatione Christi — Decas

Mariani Marianorum — Ziickwolfius, Chronographia Sacra — Zodiacus

Ecclesiae— Confusio Disposita — Conceptus Chronographicus — ^Annus

Sexagesimus — Porta Pacis — Genius Belgicus Consolatur— Funebris

Memoria— Conflagration at Antwerp, .

Franconia Plaudens, the Bishops of Wiirzburg and Bamberg,

Franconia Lugens, the Bishops of Wiirzburg and Bamberg,

Fulda Plaudens et Plangens, the Abbots and Bishops of Fulda,

Oriental Chronograms, Arabic and Persian,

Hebrew Chronograms, .....

434
473
497
SOS
S37
S42

A Synopsis of Early and Retrospect!
Bibliography of Chronograms,
General Index,

Index of some Distinguished Men,
Index of some Chronograms,

APPENDIX.

ive Chronograms,

547

SS9
S67
568

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Portrait, with Chronogram, ..... Frontispiece

Headpiece representing Time writing Chronograms, Preface

Medals with Chronograms. Plate i, . . . . to face page 103

Do. Plate 2, „ 155

Medal of a siege of Breisach, with Chronograms, „ 130

Cross on Prague Bridge — ^woodcut, .... 170

Statue of St John Nepomucen at Prague, . to face page \^o

Portrait of Neander, with Chronogram, .... 319

Medal, with Chronogram of Zwingli — ^woodcut, . 334
The engraved Frontispiece and printed Title-page of De Spiritali

Imitatione Christi, ...... 43^

Ztickwolfius' Bible History, facsimile of a page, . . 450
Conceptus Chronographicus, facsimile of the engraved Fronti-
spiece, ........ to face page \i%

Funebris Memoria of Maria Amalia. Facsimile of Plates, with

Chronogram Inscriptions — three plates, . to face page 471
Head and Tail Pieces, woodcuts from German seventeenth

century originals, ...... ^y^ to end

The other Headpieces, etc., are chiefly from seventeenth century

originals ; and exhibit much variety of design, passim

My Printer contributes this —

IaCobVs hILtonVs feCIt,

ANNO

VICtorIae
qVaDragesIMo qVInto

anno domini
1882.

ERRATA.

EMENDATIONS AND NOTES.

IN times gone by authors were accustomed to address their readers in
pleasant words, craving pardon for all errors in the book before pro-
ceeding to specify them. The following are characteristic and quaint
examples ; they express in effect what I would say to my readers for my own
shortcomings, and for the printer in accomplishing an unusual and difficult
piece of typography. The first is taken, verbatim et literatim^ from a single
page of a book ' Imprinted at London,' probably early in the seventeenth
century, which I found in the * Bagford Collection' (Printers, etc. 8®) in the
British Museum ; the other is from ' Ludus Fortunae,' a book by Joannes
Sturmius, printed at Louvain in 1633, and mentioned at page 323 of this
volume : —

Benevole Lector^ hie etiam
errores sunt^ quos sic emendare
dignaberis : Quod si forti
alios incurid nostrd omissos
repereriSf diligentue tua cor-
rigendos committimus. Vale.

Gentle Reader^ I shall most
hartely desire thee that if in
the reading of this work other
faults you finde then heer is
noted^ not rashly to condemne
the Author^ for assure your
self that by his wil none should
hatie escaped^ and though the
Printer be neuer so careful,
yet in the printing some wil
escape. Vale.

Page 13, line 20, read authentic one appertaining to England. It is by no
means conclusive that the manuscript is not of the fourteenth century.
P^c 45) line 22^ for 1254 read 1245.
Page 52, line i6,y^r Skipton read Skippon ; same at p. 82.
P^&re 53, line 28, for Rumboldus read Rumoldus.
Page 61, line i6,y&r Kreuzburg read Kreuzberg.
Page 93, line ^ifor when read where* (The meaning is obscure.)
Page 95, line 24, CHIRON. See note at p. 414.
Page 109, line 4 from bottom, delete the letter a over the date.
Page 118, last line, a^(/.^. in heaven or the heavenly regions).

XX ERRATA.— EMENDATIONS AND [NOTES.

Page 121^ second chronogram, after the translation, r^^PRi^SEPES, a constella-
tion in the sign Cancer.

Page 124, line 10, delete the word Emperor.
Page 142, line 12^ for imperial family read Empire.

Page 165. The third chronogram may be explained by reference to the
remarks on Jewish chronology at page 545 infra. The year 3761 accordingly is
the Jewish equivalent of the customary mundane year 4004. Add the date of the
preceding chronogram, A.D. 1744, and we obtain the Jewish year 5521, then add
244, the difference between the Jewish and the customary reckoning, we get (for
the sake of comparison) the mundane year of the latter, 5749 = 1744. This will be
seen by the following figures : —

The Jewish A.M. . 3761 = 4004, the customary a.m. year.

The date of the event, A.D. 1744 « 1744
The difference, 244

5749 5748

The discrepancy consists of the accumulated fractions of days in either case.

Page 168, line 9. Possibly HeI BELgraDI is an original misprint for heV
BBLgraDII, which would make the chrongram correct for 1689.

Page 175, lines 10 and 11 from bottom. This chronogram probably alludes to
S. Bonaventure, and the translation should be 'O seraphic patriarch,' etc. He
has been designated as the great light and ornament of the Order of St. Francis,
for his extraordinary devotion and eminent skill in sacred learning, and he was
known as the ' seraphic Doctor.' He was bom in 122 1, and died 1274. Canonized
in 1482. He acquired the name Bonaventure in his childhood after a dangerous
illness, from an exclamation of St. Francis of Assisi * uttered in prophetic rapture,'
' O buona ventura,' t.e. Good luck to the child in his future career ! His parents
were John of Fidenza and Mary Ritelli. He was christened John.

Page 175, line 4 from bottom, after order read (of Saint Francis).

Page 177, line 6 from bottom, after Coeligalenus read (J, e. the heavenly Galen ;
they were both physicians ; St. Damian was also a martyr about the year 310). j

Page 223, line 27, /^r third read second. In the last chrono^am but one, the
word aVgVsto should be in a line by itself, to correspond with the last word
perpetVo. The second line will then be an hexameter, conmiencing with
AVoVSTiE, as on the medal which represents the ceremony of presenting the
Augsburg confession to the Emperor. Omit the full stop after sVa.

Page 268, line 21. Legends say that the words were spoken to the saint by
our Lord himself.

Page 272, line 1 1 from bottom. This chronofH'ain was intended to be read as
1635 ; the initial letter J, although a large capital, was not to be counted as a
numeral.

Page 321, headline, read VkVlia,

Page 323, line Ay for Strumio r^a^Sturmio ; and at page 408, line \yfor Strumii
read Sturmii.

Page 335y line 9 from bottom,^^ Zisca readZi^^

ENGLAND.

^HRONOGRAMS are not to be met with in England

inscribed on public buildings so frequently as they are

seen in many parts of the continent of Europe ; they

were, however, occasionally used in epitaphs ; some

of which no doubt have disappeared through decay

or destruction, and notwithstanding extensive inquiry and much

research, but few have come under my notice. Old books and

manuscripts have supplied a fair quantity, but they seem to be

suggestions derived from foreign examples, imitations rather than

originals ; indeed some particularly relating to England are the work

of a foreigner. Historic medals, so productive in some countries,

scarcely afford any, and although some of the Brunswick and Dutch

medals, bearing chronograms, relate to the Kings of England who

were personally of foreign family and birth, they do not belong so

strictly to English as to Continental history.

A comparison of this group with those contained in subsequent
pages will show that a large field is open in England for the employ-
infiat_QLj||||^chrono^raphic talent. Suggestions will also be

XX ERRATA,— EMENDATIONS AND [NOTES.

Page 121^ second chronogram, after the translation, r^^w/PRiESEPES, a constella-
tion in the sign Cancer.

Page 124, line 10, deleU the word Emperor.
Page 142, line I2,y^r imperial family read Empire.

The Jewish A.M. 3761 = 4004, the customary A.M. year.

The date of the event, A.D. 1744 = 1744
The difference, . 244

5749 5748

The discrepancy consists of the accumulated fractions of days in either case.

Page 168, line 9. Possibly HeI BELgraDI is an original misprint for heV
BELgraDII, which would make the chrongram correct for 1689.

P^e 175, lines 10 and 11 from bottom. This chronogram probably alludes to
S. Bonaventure, and the translation should be 'O seraphic patriarch,' etc. He
has been designated as the great light and ornament of the Order of St. Francis,
for his extraordinary devotion and eminent skill in sacred learning, and he was
known as the ' seraphic Doctor.' He was bom in 1 221, and died 1274. Canonized
in 1482. He acquired the name Bonaventure in his childhood after a dangerous
illness, from an exclamation of St Francis of Assisi ' uttered in prophetic rapture,'
' O buona ventura,' i>. Good luck to the child in his future career ! His parents
were John of Fidenza and Mary Ritelli. He was christened John.

Page 175, line 4 from bottom, after order read (of Saint Francis).

Page 177, line 6 from bottom, after Coeligalenus read{i,e, the heavenly Galen ;
they were both physicians ; St. Damian was also a martyr about the year 310). i

Page 223, line 27 ^ far third read second. In the last chronogram but one, the
word aVgVsto should be in a line by itself, to correspond with the last word
perpetVo. The second line will then be an hexameter, commencing with
aVgVst<£, as on the medal which represents the ceremony of presenting the
Augsburg confession to the Emperor. Omit the full stop after sVa.

Page 268, line 21. Legends say that the words were spoken to the saint by
our Lord himself.

Page 272, line 1 1 from bottom. This chronoj^ram was intended to be read as
1635 ; the initial letter J, although a large capital, was not to be counted as a
numeral.

Page 321, headline, readVAXOA.

Page 323, line Ay for Strumio r^<i^ Sturmio ; and at page 408, line i,/(7r Strumii
readStarnm.

Page 335, line 9 from bottom,y^ Zisca read Ziska.

ENGLAND.

^HRONOGRAMS are not to be met with in England

inscribed on public buildings so frequently as they are

seen in many parts of the continent of Europe ; they

were, however, occasionally used in epitaphs ; some

of which no doubt have disappefu'ed through decay

or destruction, and notwithstanding extensive inquiry and much

research, but few have come under my notice. Old books and

manuscripts have supplied a fair quantity, but they seem to be

suggestions derived from foreign examples, imitations rather than

originals ; indeed some particularly relating to England are the work

of a foreigner. Historic medals, so productive in some countries,

scarcely afford any, and although some of the Brunswick and Dutch

medals, bearing chronograms, relate to the Kings of England who

ivere personally of foreign family and birth, they do not belong so

Jtrictly to English as to Continental history.

A comparison of this group with those contained in subsequent
)ages will show that a large field is open in England for the employ-
nent of native chronographic talent. Suggestions will also be

— '1 r II III mil

XX ERRATA.— EMENDATIONS AND [NOTES.

Page 121, second chronogram, after the translation, r^rrt^PRiESEPES, a consteUa-
tion in the sign Cancer.

Page 124, line 10, delete the word Emperor.
Page 142, line 12^ for imperial family read Empire.

Page 165. The third chronogram may be explained by reference to the
remarks on Jewish chronology at page 545 infra. The year 3761 accordingly is
the Jewish equivalent of the customary mundane year 4004. Add the date of the
preceding chronogram, A.D. 1744, and we obtain the Jewish year 5521, then add
244, the difference between the Jewish and the customary reckoning, we get (for
the sake of comparison) the mundane year of the latter, 5749 — 1744. This will be
seen by the following figures : —

The Jewish a.m. 3761 = 4004, the customary A.M. year.

The date of the event, A.D. 1744 » 1744
The difference, 244

5749 5748

The discrepancy consists of the accumulated fractions of days in either case.

Page 168, line 9. Possibly HeI BeLgraDI is an original misprint for heV
BELgraDII, which would make the chrongram correct for 1689.

Page 175, lines 10 and 11 from bottom. This chronogram probably alludes to
S. Bonaventure, and the translation should be 'O seraphic patriarch,' etc. He
has been designated as the great light and ornament of the Order of St. Francis,
for his extraordinary devotion and eminent skill in sacred learning, and he was
known as the ' seraphic Doctor.' He was bom in 1221, and died 1274. Canonized
in 1482. He acquired the name Bonaventure in his childhood after a dangerous
illness, from an exclamation of St Francis of Assisi ' uttered in prophetic rapture,'
' O buona ventura,' i.e. Good luck to the child in his future career ! His parents
were John of Fidenza and Mary Ritelli. He was christened John.

Page 175, line 4 from bottom, after order read (of Saint Francis).

Page 177, line 6 from bottom, after Coeligalenus read{i.e. the heavenly Galen ;
they were both physicians ; St. Damian was also a martyr about the year 310). j

Page 223, line 27^ for third read second. In the last chronogram but one, the
word aVgVsto should be in a line by itself, to correspond with the last word
perpetVo. The second line will then be an hexameter, commencing with
AVGVSTiE, as on the medal which represents the ceremony of presenting the
Augsburg confession to the Emperor. Omit the ftiU stop after sVa.

Page 268, line 21. Legends say that the words were spoken to the samt by
our Lord himself.

Page 272, line 1 1 from bottom. This chronogram was intended to be read as
1635 ; the initial letter J, although a large capital, was not to be counted as a
numeral.

Page 321, headline, readVxRiA.

Page 323, line Ay for Strumio r^a^Sturmio ; and at page 408, line i,/<?r Strumii
read Stiumii.

Page 335, line 9 from bottom,y2;r Zisca r^^Ziska.

ENGLAND.

^ HRONOGRAMS are not to be met with in England
inscribed on public buildings so frequently as they are
seen in many parts of the continent of Europe ; they
were, however, occasionally used in epitaphs ; some
of which no doubt have disappeared through decay
or destruction, and notwithstanding extensive inquiry and much
research, but few have come under my notice. Old books and
manuscripts have supplied a fair quantity, but they seem to be
suggestions derived from foreign examples, imitations rather than
originals ; indeed some particularly relating to England are the work
of a foreigner. Historic medals, so productive in some countries,
scarcely afford any, and although some of the Brunswick and Dutch
medals, bearing chronograms, relate to the Kings of England who
were personally of foreign family and birth, they do not belong so
strictly to English as to Continental history.

A comparison of this group with those contained in subsequent
pages will show that a large field is open in England for the employ-
ment of native chronographic talent. Suggestions will also be

XX ERRATA.— EMENDATIONS AND [NOTES.

Page 121, second chronogram, after the translation, r^^plt£S£P£S, a constella-
tion in the sign Cancer.

Page 124, line 10, delete the word Emperor.
Page 142, line 12^ for imperial family read Empire.

The Jewish a.m. . 3761 = 4004, the customary A.M. year.

The date of the event, A.D. 1744 = 1744
The difference, . 244

5749 5748

The discrepancy consists of the accumulated fractions of days in either case.

Page 168, line 9. Possibly HeI beLgraDI is an original misprint for heV
BELgraDII, which would make the chrongram correct for 1689.

Page 175, lines 10 and 11 from bottom. This chronogram probably alludes to
S. Bonaventure, and the translation should be 'O seraphic patriarch,' etc. He
has been designated as the great light and ornament of the Order of St. Francis,
for his extraordinary devotion and eminent skill in sacred lecu-ning, and he was
known as the * seraphic Doctor.' He was bom in 122 1, and died 1274. Canonized
in 1482. He acquired the name Bonaventure in his childhood after a dangerous
illness, from an exclamation of St Francis of Assisi ' uttered in prophetic rapture,'
' O buona ventura,' i.e. Good luck to the child in his future career ! His parents
were John of Fidenza and Mary Ritelli. He was christened John.

Page 17s, line 4 from bottom, after order read (of Saint Francis).

Page 177, line 6 from bottom, after Coeligalenus read {i.e, the heavenly Galen ;
they were both physicians ; St. Damian was also a martyr about the year 310). i

Page 223, line 27, for third read second. In the last chronogram but one, the
word aVgVsto should be in a line by itself, to correspond with the last word
PERPEtVo. The second line will then be an hexameter, commencing with
aVgVsta, as on the medal which represents the ceremony of presenting the
Augsburg confession to the Emperor. Omit the ftill stop after sVa.

Page 268, line 21. Legends say that the words were spoken to the saint by
our Lord himself.

Page 272, line 1 1 from bottom. This chrono|^am was intended to be read as
1635 ; the initial letter J, although a large capital, was not to be counted as a

— i^—

ERRATA.

Page 271, line 11 from top, read hInC e saCrarIo a perfIDo jUDa-

readt\it date as 1735, and dele the footnote.
Page 272, line 12 from bottom, commences with a small j.
line 10 from bottom, read reconCILIata.
',', line 8 from bottom, /^r 1635 read i73S-
Page 273, line 18 from top,>r qUe read q\Jm.
Page 27s, line 1 1, after tU, insert es.

line 5 from bottom,/<7r h/eresIs read hebrveIs.
" line 3 from bottom,^' CaLVInarIo read CaLVInIano.

ENGLAND.

A comparison of this group with those contained in subsequent
pages will show that a large field is open in England for the employ-
ment of native chronographic talent. Suggestions will also be
found for what might be done in the way of commemorating
historic and local events, and some of the examples will serve as good
models for that purpose.

The simple chronogram, combined with the quaint epitaph
prevalent in the seventeenth century, is exemplified in the three or
four pages next following.

Sir John Doddridge, Chief Justice of the Court of King's-bench for
seventeen years, died in 1628, aged 73, and was buried in Exeter Cathedral

2 ENGLAND.

It is related in Prince's Worthies of Devon^ written in 1701, that within the
library of the cathedral there is a very sumptuous monument to him and his
lady ; the epitaph is written in letters of gold, " which time hath well-nigh
washed away." The following chronograms form part of the inscription : —

nVnC obIIt DoDerIgVs jVDeX.

i.e. At this time Judge Doderige died, = 1628

Learning aDIeU for DoDerIge Is gone

TO fIXe His earthIe to the heaVenLIe throne. = 1628

The epitaph concludes thus, expressing his age and the date —
Quoto setatis ? Quoto salutis decessit ?

EN ! Ipse Letho eXtIngVItVr. =73

DoDerIgIVs IVDeX CarVs. = 1628

ue. Behold^ he is extinguished by death. The dear judge Doderige.

From Fuller's Worthies of England.
Iohannes prIDeaVXVs epIsCopVs WIgornI^ MortWs est. = 1650
ue. John Frideaux bishop of Worcester is dead.

This prelate was one of the most eminent of his period He

died of fever on 20th July 1650. The chronogram occurs in some

Latin verses made on the occasion of his funeral

In SL Mary's Church, Taunton. (On the authority of the History
of Taunton^ by J. Toulmin, ed. 1822, p. 144.) Epitaph on Elizabedi
and Hannah, daughters of John Gardner, interred together August
i8th 1665.

Here lie two plants twisted by death in one,
When that was dead could this survive alone ?
They were heaVn ripe, and therefore gone, we find
Ripe fruit fall off while raw doth stick behind.
They are not lost, but in those joys remain.
Where friends may see and joy in them again.
Their age.

1. here Learn to DIe betIMes Least happILIe,^ = 1654

2. ERE yee begIn to LIVe ye CoMe to Dye. = 1657

These lines give the dates of their birth, and make their respec-
tive ages to be eleven and eight years.

1 he following is communicated by the Rev. Augustus Orlebar,
Vicar of Willington, near Bedford. In the parish church, and attached
to the chancel, is the mortuary chapel of Sir John Gostwick, master-
of-the-horse to Henry viii., and on the north wall is a mural monu-
mait, bearing on the upper part the date 1541, probably that of the
building of 5ie chapeL The inscriptions on the monmnent are so
quaint and singular that I give them entire, the chronograms forming
but a small portion. These are the inscriptions : —

* This word, in the authority quoted, is spelt 'happillie' (a manifest error somewhere).
It would make the chronogram 1707, a date at variance with the epitaph. During a
recent visit to Taunton I was unable to find the epitaph.

ENGLAND. 3

* To the memories of Sir Edward Gostwyke, Kn*. and Baronet,

* and Dame Anna his wife, eldest daughter of John Wentworth of

* Gosfield in Essex, Esq'., by whom he had issue 3 sonnes & 5
' daughters. (They lived vertuously & died religiously.) Shee in

* her widowhood like a true Turtle never joying after his departure
' till her d)ringe Day.'

Beneath the kneeling figures of Sir Edward and his Lady and
their children, is the following inscription —

In obitum D"^ Edwardi Gostwyk Equitis et Baronetti.
Chronogramma. eDVarDVs gostVVyk DefVnCtVs est. = 1630

20"* Die Septembris, Ann. Dom. mdcxxx. -^tat 42.

In obitum selectissimae D"*. Chronogramma.
aDproperatqVe VIro ConIVngIer VXor aMato. = 1633

6** Die Julii Ann: Dom. mdcxxxiii. -^tat 42.

Epitaphium.

' Eximium fidei exemplum et socialis amoris

Gostwyki inscriptum nomine marmor habet,
Vixerunt pietate pares nuUisque secundi

Alter in alterius totus amore fuit
Ille prior fato cessit, ne cederet ilia

Nee tamen ilia suo cessit amore viro.
Ille ubi sex annos numer&rat terque quaterque

Anna, meos vixi dixit et occubuit
Ilia ubi compl^rat dilecti conjugis annos,

Vixi Edvarde meos dixit et occubuit.
Sic animis vixere pares cum conjuge conjux

Sic vit^ atque animis occubuere pares.'

Translation of the foregoing Inscription.

On the death of Sir Edward Gostwyk, Knight and Baronet.

Chronogram, — Edward Gostwyk died, 20th September 1630.
Aged 42.

On the death of the most select Lady.

Chronogram, — ^And the wife hastens to join her beloved husband,
6th July 1633. Aged 42,

As a bright example of fidelity and social love, this marble is
inscribed with the name of Gostwyk. They lived equal in piety and
second to none. The one was quite wrapt up in the love of the
other. He first yielded to fate, that she might not yield. She,
however, was not a whit behind her husband in love. He, when he
bad numbered both thrice and four times six years (42), said, 'O
Anna, I have lived out my da)rs,' and fell asleep. She, when she
had completed the ^ars of her beloved husband, said, ' O, Edward,
I have lived out mme,' and fell asleep. Thus they lived alike in
mind, husband with wife ; thus in life and in years alike they died.

4 ENGLAND.

I n Westminster Abbey. — * A very rich and stately monument ' stands
in the southern side of the central aisle of Henry vii.'s Chapel, to the
memory of Ludovic Stuart, Duke of RichmoiKi and Lennox, cousin
to King James i. He died at the age of 49. The inscription con-
tains this chronogram to mark the date : —

2 Sam. 3. 38.
AN IgnoratIs qVIa prInCeps et VIr MagnVs obIIt hoDIe. = 1623
i,e. Are ye ignorant that a prince and a great man has died to-day f

The verSe above alluded to is, 'And the king said unto his
servants, Know ye not that there is a prince and a great man fallen
this day in Israel?'

This monument and inscription is described in StoVs Survey of
London^ etc., and in Dean Stanle)r's Memorials of Westminster Abbey^
p. 233. It is a remarkable instance of the adaptation of the words of
Scripture (in the Latin language) to express the date of a modem event

At Sherborne. — In Hutchings's History of the County of Dorset^
it is mentioned ^in vol. iv. p. 138), that the Free Grammar School
house was erected in the reign of Charles 11., and that over the outer
door, below the king's arms, is this verse —
TECTA Draco gustos Leo vinDeX fLos Decus auctor

REX PIUS H-«C SERVAT, PROTEGIT, ORNAT, aLiT. = * 1670

i,e. A guardian Dragon^ an avenging Lion^ a beauteous flowery a pious
king as author y protects y adorns^ supports this roof

The words allude to the armorial bearings. The chronogram
is very faulty, because i6 numeral letters, making the further quantity
of 634, are not counted.

In Winchester Cathedral, inscribed in the centre of the tower
ceiling, indicating the date of its construction. The tower was originally
intended to serve as a lantern, but it was ceiled over in the reign of
Charles i., whose portrait and that of Henrietta Maria accompany
the inscription —

pII reges nVtrItII REolNiE nVtrICes pI^ sInt DoMVs ^
hVIVs. = 163s

i,e. May pious kings be the nursing fcUhers^ and pious queens the nursing
mothers of this house (or cathedral).

An adaptation of Isaiah xlix. v. 23 : 'And kings shall be thy
nursing fathers, and queens thy nursing mothers.'

This is from Green's Tourisfs Guide to Wells. In Wells Cathedral,
on the tomb of Bishop Berkeley, who died in 1581, is this verse —
spIrItVs erVpto saLWs gILberte noVeMbre

CarCere prInCIpIo en iETHERE barkLe Crepat. = 1581

Annum dant ista salutis.

Translation by * Mr. Parker, junr., of Oxford.'

Behold thy soul^ Gilbert Barkley, now scfe, having broken its prison
bonds in the beginning of November , speaks from the sky above. These
words give the year of his deliverance.

ENGLAND,
The centre inscription runs thus, but it has been damaged —

VI XI VIDETE (s) PILfiMIVM.
LV XI REDVX QVIESCASCIBVS
PRO CAPTVAGENDO PRiESVLIS
SEPTEM PER ANNOS TRIPLICES.

(?)

The words vixi lvxi give
the years of his age, if placed
thus and added toj^ether —
vi= o

XI=II

Lv=55

XI=II

The first and last line may be translated ; but the remainder is
hardly intelligible. The most probable meaning is —
I have livedo see my reward^
I have shone^ returning ta my rest^
Having held the office of Bishops
For thrice seven years.

In the disused and dilapidated parish church of Albury, near
Guildford, on the monument of George Duncumb^ who died 21st
March 1646. :^

resVrgent eX Isto pVLVere qVI IbI sepVLtI DorMIVnt. = 1646
' My Body pawned to Earth doth here remaine,
As surety for the soule's returne againe/
i.e, 77uy shall rise again from this dust^ who sleep buried here.

At Clifton-on-Teme, Worcestershire, to indicate the re-casting of
the great bell in 1668, probably inscribed on the bell itself.
henrICVs Jeffreyes keneLMo DeVoVIt. = 1668

i,e. Henry Jeffreyes dedicates to Kenelm,

Saint Kenelm, king and martyr (in the Calendar, 17th July), was
King of Mercia, was murdered, and secretly buried in a wood in the
year 820, at Clent in Worcestershire ; many churches were dedicated
to him. The Jefireys family had possessions at Clifton in 1668.

On the title-page of a sermon on the funeral of Lady Mary
Farewell, at High Bishops, near Taunton, printed in the year 1661,
are these hexameter and pentameter verses expressing the date of
her death and her age.

D : FAREWELL obIIt MarIa saLVtIs In anno. = 1660

Hos ANNOS posItos VIXIt et Ipsa VaLe. = 74

i,e. The I/idy Mary Farewell died in the year of salvation 1660, She
lived these years appointed^ and Farewell to her.

1 hese are from Notes and Queries^ Series 5, vol. ix. — An epitaph
(the locality not mentioned) to the memory of Thomas Chafe,
gentleman, who died 25th November 1648. Y

eXUVIas sVas eXUIt MeDICUs. = 1648

i.e. The physician puts off his * mortal coiL'

6 ENGLAND,

Hpitaph at Tawstock in Devonshire, to the Earl of Bath, 1623
(a careless mixture of Latin and old French). Y

eXIIt en bon teMps nVnCq' VIenDra patet. = 1623

Epitaph at Ilsington, Devonshire, to Thomas Ford, 1658. Y

DorMIo et ut spero CIneres sIne Labe resVrgent. = 1658

i>. Isleefy and as I hope, my remains will rise again without blemish,

Epitaph at Widdecombe-in-the-Moor, Devonshire, in memory of
Maiy Elford, who died at the age of 25, which is thus expre^ed
together with the date —

A^ iETAT : VIXIt obIIt sVperIs. = 25

MarIa gaLe IohannIs eLforD VXor tertIa heV oBIIt Y

pVerperIo. = 1632

i.e. In this {2$th) year of her age, she lived, she went above, Mary
Gale, the third wife of John Elford, alas I died in childbirth.

TN Stow's Survey of London there are preserved many curious
X epitaphs in the old churches, some of which were destroyed by
the great fire in 1666. Among them are the following chronograms : —
In St. Lawrence- Jewry Church, to the memory of Richard Pyott,
alderman, and Margery, his < most faithful and religious ' wife, their
respective deaths are thus marked —

' Christi quibus obierunt Anni isthinc numerantur/
Apocalyps: Cap. 14, v. 13.
beatI qVI In DoMIno qVIesCVnt. as 1620

Prima ad Corinth: Cap. 14, v. 27.
Deo sIt gratIa qVI trIbVIt nobIs (fatI) VICtorIaM. = 1624

This is the Bible translation of the above-quoted texts —
* Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth.^
' But thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory,*

In old St Paul's Cathedral, John King, bishop of London, was
buried, and this simple epitaph was placed over him according to his
will, viz., the word ' resurCam.' A further inscription was also on a
tablet placed near the tomb : —

'Johannis King episcopi Londinensis, quicquid mortale est in
hoc pulvere componitur.' [Then follow about ninety Latin lines,
concluding with the following anagram and chronogram : —

Anagram : nominis et chronog : setatis 62 currentis.
JOANNES KiNGUS PRiELATUS (i.e. John King, bishop),
EN apertVs Jonas angLIkVs {i.e. Behold an evident En^ish Jonas). = 62

Chronogramma Anno Domini 162 1.
eCCe CVpIo DIssoLVI, aC ChrIsto aDgLVtInarL = 1621

Philip. I, V. 23.

ENGLAND, 7

The translation is given by the words of the English version,
* Having a desire to depart^ and to be with Christ,^

Then come six more Latin lines, ahd this chronogram —
seqVentVr qVI nonDVM preCessere. = 1621

/.ft Th^ will follow who have not yet gone before.

The letters of the first line of the anagram will transpose to make
the second.

The original inscription was probably destroyed by the great fire
in 1666.

In Allhallows Church, Bread Street, London. — Part of the epitaph
of *That worthy and faithful minister of Christ, Master Richard
Stocke,' who died April 20, 1626 —

Hie situs exanimis Stocki sub pulvere Truncus,
Quern quondam agnovit pastorem ecclesia fidum :
Ista suum nunc Sancta tenant Habitacula sanctum,
QUO MagnVs pan DVCit oVes oViVmque magIstros.* = 1626

i,e. Here is placed under the earth the dead trunk of Stocky whom once
the Church acknowledged as a faithful shepherd ; those sacred habitations
now hold him sacred^ whither the Grec^ Fan leads the sheep and the
shepherds of sheep.

The first line is a pun on the Stock or trunk of a tree ; last line is
explained in the note. The chronogram is very faulty ; six numeral
letters, equal to 2012, are not counted.

THE seven following have been contributed by Mr. C. W. Wilshere
of the Frythe, Welwyn, Hertfordshire, who composed them.
On a new church-clock put up by Lady Waldegrave at Chewton
Mendip, Somersetshire.

SONAT MORA sonabIt tVba ILLaM sIC agas Vt hanC LaetVs
aVDIas. = 1874

ue. The hour sounds^ the trumpet will sound, so spend the former that
you may hear the latter gladly.

On an Oratory at Welwyn, Hertfordshire.
serVos sVos beneDICat DeVs beneDICtIone CoeLesti. = 1869
i,e. May God bless his servants with a heavenly benediction.

Over a doorway to a large balcony, commanding a view of the
garden.

paraDIsVM aspICIens respICe eXVL prospICe haeres. = 1875
i,e. Beholding this Paradise {garden), look back, thou exile (from the
paradise of Eden), look forward, thou heir {to the paradise of the blessed),

^ The words of thb chronogram are ouoted, with but slight alteration, from Virgil,
EcL iii. V. 33, and are thus translated by Dryden : * Fan loves the shepherds, and their
flocks he feeds.*

8 ENGLAND,

At Welwyn, Hertfordshire, within a large hall which was built in
1878 by Mr. Wilshere near his residence, under the circumstances
indicated by the chronogram.

sCHoLffi . eCCLesI-« . -«DIs . VsV . ECCLEsIiE . DefensorIbVs .
NEGATO . spatIosIor . ileC . neCnon . ornatIor . sVrgIt. = 1878
ue. Tfu use of the Church sc?iool-hou5e having been denied to the defenders
of the Churdi<i this one both more ornamental and more roomy arises.

This inscription has been put up by Mr. Wilshere on some farm
cottages built by him.

TERRAE . FRVCtVs . LaRGIaT . PECORA . PROTEGAT . ET . NOS . In .

VIa . paCIs . serVet . DoMInVs . praepotens. = 1880

i.e. May the mighty God bestow bountifully the fruits of the earthy protect
ourflocksy and keep us in the paths of peace.

Two more inscriptions: the first composed for a convent; the
second (which alludes to the parable of the husbandman who would pull
down his bams, and build greater) for a farmhouse near S. Alban's.

tVa . DeLICta . pLora . ora . et . Labora.

qVIa . tVa . noVIssIMa . CIto . VenIt . hora. = 1881

DoMVs . Vestra . terrestrIs . perItVra , noLIte . Vobis .
hIC . thesaVros . CoLLIgere . =1881

ue. Bewail yourfaults^ pray and work^ because your last hour quickly
Cometh.
Your earthly house shall perish, lay not up for yourselves treasures here.

The following was not sent to me by Mr. Wilshere. It is carved
on the two gables of the * Fry the Chapel,* built as a south aisle to the
chour of Welwyn Church, when the church was restored in i868-7a
sIbI et paroChIanIs haeC ChorI aLa De sVo 5|c

CVra CaroLI wILLes wILshere ConDIta est. = 1869

i.e. This aisle of the choir was built through the care and at the expense
of Charles WUles Wilshere, for himself and for the parishioners.

XHE following has been written by the architect, who has restored '
the ancient cross in front of St Nicholas Chiu:ch at Brighton,
nscribed on the octagonal shaft, a word on each face thereof.^

PER iEVA LONGA rVInATA

CrVX eCCe tanDeM renoVata. = 188 1

And thus quaintly translated by him for the benefit of my readers,

FOR Many a Long year rVInate

oVr Cross Was set Vp fresh of Late

Look here & yoV Can see the Date. == 1881

And I venture to add,

V? ARCHITECT . J . T . MICKLETHWAITE.

^ Owing to unexpected opposition, the intended restoration has not yet (Nov. 1881)
been carried out.

ENGLAND, 9

Some critics have objected to the word ruinata, that it is not
classical Latih, a fact nevertheless well known to the writer of the
chronogram. The original cross having been erected in the * mediaeval'
period, it was thought that its restoration would be aptly expressed in
quaint contemporary Latin. The verb ruinare is familiar to readers
of mediaeval chronicles, and it is well illustrated in Du Cange's
Glossarium media et infima LaHnitatis^ by the elegant (?) quotation :
' Flumen Lambri per pluviam subito creverat et pontem ruinaverat/
enough to satisfy the most exacting critic. The word ruinati also
occurs on a Hungarian historical medal of 170 1.

1 he following has often been quoted as an example of a clever
chronogram on the death of Queen Elizabeth. It really is a very bad
one, for although it gives the year 1603, it can also be made to give a
variety of dates up to 4204, by using the superfluous numeral letters
which represent the extra quantity 2601 —

My Day Closed Is In Immortality. = 1603

The pretext it has for appearing as a chronogram is that only the
initial letters of the words are counted, and they come in natural
sequence to fo^m the date 1603, expressed by the Roman numerals

ICDCIIL

iV book published at London, Hugo Grotius^ Ais SomphopaneaSy or
Joseph a IVagedy^ with annotations by

franCIs goLDsMIth. = 1652

has no date on the title-page beyond that whith is thtis chtonographi-
cally expressed. The subject is a drama about Joseph and his
brethren; the title means Joseph =:Saphenath Faneah, <a man to
whom secrets are revealed.'

In the same volume (the British Museum copy) is bound up a
short tract, ^ Hugo Grotius his consolatory oration to his father^
translated by F. G. ; with some irrelevant epit^^hs at the end. One of
them is to ' Mr. Thomas Walters, late schoolmaster of Christ-Church,'
consisting of eight lines, and ending thus —

' His life he with the yeere did €nd,

' A loving husband, mkster, friend.

•the Last nIght of DeCeMber = 1651

'HE rested froM aLL His Labors. = 1651

This is particularly curious. The first chronogram line expresses the
day of the month and marks the year ; the second quaintly expresses
his death and marks also the year.

A volume in the Lambeth Palace Library (and also in the British
Museum) of various * Fast Sermons,' one being that by George Gipps,
published in 1695, and having on its title-page this printed chronogram,
of the date at which it was preached before the members of the House
of Commons.

lo ENGLAND,

' At a publicke Fast Novemb. 27, in the yeare GoD Is oVr refVge,
oVr strength ; A heLpe In troVbLes, VerIe abVnDant We
fInDe.' = 1644

James Howel, the historian, has used the following chron<^;ram
in his books, The Parly of Beasts and Ho-diana^ slightly modified to
suit the dates of the various editions ; this one will suffice —

gloria laus Deo SitCVLoRuM in SiEcuLA sunto. = 1655

* A Doxological Chronogram, including this present year mdclv.,
' and hath numeral letters enough to extend to the year 1927, if it
' please God the world should last so long.'
A very poor excuse for a very bad chronogram.

1 he Gentlemaiis Magazine for 1735, p. 431, has some poetical
compositions, in response to an offer of a ^50 prize, on the subject
of Life, Death, Judgment, Heaven, and Hell ; among them are these
hexameters by an English author living at Hildesheim in Germany —
arbiter eX faCtIs In VIta et Morte peraCtIs
Hos PCENA, Hos VlTiE DabIt Iste perIte VenIte. = 173s

Christophorus Caroll . Hildesii fecit .1735
I offer this translation, — The arbiter of our deeds done in life and
deathy will assign these to punishment and those to life, to these he will
say perish, to those he wUl say come.

At page 673 the following is an answer to a supposed corre-
spondent, on the same subject

* To satisfy Eliza let kit caroll see.
There are as laborious fools in England as in Saxony.'
Then some verses follow, which conclude thus —
thVs sIngeth yoVr ChrIstopher a ChrIstMas CaroLL
In hopes of voVr aCtIons that then voVLL be Ware aLL. = 1735

The following is from another competitor for the prize above
mentioned — 1 a t

AS peopLe live and Dye, In CoMe and go,

XsT gIVes these joy, and sInks those Into Woe. = 1735

Two letters d are not counted

Explanation,

1. Life. 4. Heaven.

2. Death. 5. HelL

3. Judgment

CADDINGTON Church in Bedfordshire was restored in 1876
from subscriptions obtained for the purpose. The event is
thus recorded on the sills of the three windows of the south aisle.
ANO: o . CaDDIngtonIenses . pII , eCCLesIa . Vestra . VobIs .
restaVrata . est . gaVDete. = 1876

i.e. In this year, O pious people of Caddington, your church is restored
for you, rejoice.

ENGLAND— AMUSING CHRONOGRAMS, ii

At the middle window is this verse, to connect the chronograms —
hiec . iedes . si . vis . qvo . restaurata . sit . anno .
discere; quicunque. es; disce . chronographice, 1876,
ue. If you wish to learn in what year this church was restored^ whoever
thou arty learn it chronographically.

At the third window —

HiECCE . eCCLesIA . RESTAVrATA . EST . THO . PRESCOTTO .

VICarIo : — Dno . Deo . gLorIa . In . eXCeLsIs. = 1876

i.e. This church was restored, Thomas Prescott being the vicar. Glory
to the Lord God in the highest.

The following were composed to commemorate the same circum-
stance, by a young aspirant to the art of chronography, whilst in the
pursuit of learning at Marlborough College—

ANNO Vno et qVInqVe MensIbVs HiEC eCCLesIa perennI
nItore reDIntegrata est. =s 1876

HiEC TnsCrIptIo DICet VobIs qVo anno hmC mDiss restItVta
sIt sI sCrIpta ChronographICa poterItIs reCte Legere. = 1877
i.e. In one year and five months this church was restored with enduring
splendour.

This inscription will tell you in what year this building was restored,
if you are able to read aright chronographic writings.

On a naughty dog named 'Floss' that was punished for its conduct
somewhere in Bedfordshire —

In thIs year CaCoCanIne fLoss Met a Watery enD, ah !
grIeVoVs eVent. heIgho 1 = 1880

Notes and Queries bears on its title-pages, as a motto, the
favourite expression of Captain Cuttle — 'when found make a note
of,' (see Dickens's novel of Dombey and Son). The fourth series of
this publication was commenced in 1868, and this chronogram was
oflfered by the Rev. William Sparrow Simpson, D.D., as a happy omen.
It is in vol. 6.
WHEN foVnD Make a note of . CaptaIn CVttLe .

Long LIVe It. = 1868

1 he spring and summer of 1879 was remarkable for bad weather,
some ladies at a pleasant country house in Essex made this chronogram
on 25th August of that year.
thIs year We haVe a LIVIng reCoLLeCtIon of MVDl = 1879

1 he following jocose correspondence took place on the election of
some one into a Learned Society.

NoW YoV May sIgn WIth f . s . a . ^

When e*re that Is yoVr WILL;
bVt Dont forget oYr fees to pay,
\ KnoW YoY'LL get the bILL ^ i88jc

ENGLAND— EARLIEST CHRONOGRAM.

Reply.

THE FEES I'LL PAY, LIKE AN F.S.A.

WILLING THE PROPER TO Do,
THE honor's great! — FOR A LOFTY STATE

I aM thankfVL qVIte to yoV. = 1881

Earliest Chrondgram,

THE following is substantially derived from a book Documents
illustrating the history of S. Faufs Cathedral. Edited by W.
Sparrow Simpson, D.D., etc. Printed for the Camden Society, 1880.
The manuscript in the British Museum, No. 22142, is a small 8vo
of ten leaves, on vellum ; it is a chronicle of certain events (partly
relating to St. Paul's Cathedral in London) down to the year 1399.
On folio 9 the following lines are written in small letters : —

A. Post Donstanum post sompnum meridianum.
C. Cuculum vixi terrae motum sic tibi dixi.

The second line has been judged to contain a chronogram ; the
whole may be thus literally translated —

A. After St. Dunstan's day, after the mid-day sleep.

C. I lived in a hood thus have I told you the earthquake.

We read in Stow's Annals that in 1382 a great earthquake
happened in England, on the 21st May at 9 o'clock in the morning,
doing much damage especially in the county of Kent In that year
the Dominical letter was E ; then the letter F would belong to St
Dunstan's day the 19th of May, and the letter A would belong to the
2 1 St May, the date of the earthquake. The 'sompnum meridianum'
is the hour of rest allowed to the monks after their earlier hours of
prayer ; it might not have been the mid-day or npon,^ and it is an open
question what is the exact meaning of the words 'nona hora,' in the
chronicle from which Stow derives his information leading him to
specify the hour of 9 o'clock j the criticism is interesting and is fully
set forth in the work quoted.

The particular point which concerns my * collection' is the chrono-
gram, because it has been regarded as, the earliest known example,
and therefore it would be satisfactory if the date of its composition
could be fixed..

The translation aboye offered may be. thus paraphrased-^? After
' St Dunstan's day (the 19th May), and in the year when A was the
' letter of a day,^ when I was living in a hood, or, as a monk, th/ere ^9S
' an earthquake — there now ! I have told you its date, find out my riddle.'

The Latin words at best are mere nonsense, and the translation
scarcely advances them a degree higher. The particular words,
C . CVCVLVM^ VIXI, are the chronogram, and make the date

^ The word ' cuculum/ really means cuckoo. It must be taken as an intentional mis-
spelling of ' cucullum/ a hood, for the sake of the numerical resijjt..

ENGLAND— JAMES FIRST. 13

1382, the precise date mentioned by Stow ; the letter C is simply
alliterative, without any meaning further than to give the neec&ul
quantity of 100. Let us consider the riddle as answered, and try to
find out when it was made.

I have inspected the manuscript The writing of the chronicle is
faded and somewhat damaged; it appears to be the work of one
hand, and to have been written all at one time. The lines in ques-
tion are written at the foot of folio 9 in a different hand, where a
blank space had been left, and rather as a memorandum to preserve
a good joke, or an amusing riddle, than as an integral part of the
chronicle. A very competent judge of mediaeval manuscripts says
that the writing of the document belonga to th& period 1420 to 1450,
and not earlier. It is possible that the lines were composed prior to
the time of writing the manuscript, or of the last date mentioned
therein, viz. 1399. It is more reasonable to assume that the chrono-
gram was made at or soon after the event, when its effect was vividly
impressed on men's memory, rather tha^n even tei\ years later ; and it
is quite reasonable, having^ regard to the foregoing brief remarks, to
treat it as contemporary with the event in 1382, and as a very early
example, if not th^ earliest authentic one.^

A SMALL but curious book, of thirty-eight leaves and no pagination,
bears this title — ' An^ammata et Chron-anagrammata Regia,
' nunc primum in Idc formi in lucem emissa.

XAAEIIA TA KAAA,

LondinL Excudebat Gulielmus Stansby. Anno 1613.'

The author's name afterwards appears to be William Cheeke. The
contents of the book are chronograms and anagrams, chiefly concern-
ing Prince Henry Frederick Stuart, son of James i. of England, mixed
with other quaint conceits, in the Latin language, with the same in
Greek, on opposite pages. The allusions are far-fetched, and the
exigency of the chiron-anagrams has led the author into such
obscurity of expression that translation is w;ell-nigh impossible ; and
even those in English do not commend themselves to our acceptance
on any other grounds than the rarity of dironpgram in our own
language.

The first.is on 'James i. of England, vl of Scotland, Ann: 1602' —

Jacobus ex Dei gratia rex Angliae, Franciae, Hiberniae
primus, Scotiae sextus.

* The work above quoted contains, at page 59, and in the Appendix, page 219, much
curious discussion of this siibject, as well as some various readings of the particular words.^
wldch do not seem however to disturb that which its author has adopted.

14 ENGLAND— PRINCE HENRY.

The same letters compose exactly the following hexameter and
pentameter chronogram —

aXe sVb aLgentI, reX hIC IaCobVs In aXe est

IMPERII, eIa saCra fortIa regna DeVs.^

/>. Under the cold sky this King James is on the summit of power^ O

God make his Kingdom strong.

The next is a chron-anagram on the death of Prince Henry
Frederick, son of James i., each making the amount of the date of his
death — 1612, his age — 18, the day of November — 6, and the hour — 6,
total 1642 —

heInrICVs frIeDerICVs steVarDe sCotIae-WaLLIae
prInCeps, totIVs regnI brItannICI haeres. = 1642

n„; /^K;;f o«T,;e Salut: J 161 2 ") Die Novemb:) 6.
Qmobutannis^^^^^j 18 fHor: diei. J" 6.

The same letters compose also the following lines —

strenVVs, hInC ferrI DeCVs, Is tIbI, ChrIste parantIs
DeLICIae, heV 1 PATRIAE ENS, gLorIa, CVra IoVae. = 1642

Another anagram-chronogram —

Henricvs Walliae princeps obit sex Die No: aetatis

Dec-octo. Incarnationis christi. (1612.)

Echo inclusive.

oCCIDIt . ANNE DeCVs . phoenIX . SPES . VIta . brItannIs.
sCILICet . LaVro . ( ) EN HONOR artIs . aI . aI. = 1636

The chronogram is not an exact anagram
of the words which precede it, there is a
variation of about six letters. The meaning
of the parenthesis is obscure. Anne is the
queen, — Anne of Denmark.

The date of his death, 1 6 1 2
The day of November, 6
His age, ... 18

1636

* A chronogram in anagram ' on
* TV vntimely death of that thrice great-good prince

henrIe freDDerIC steVVarDe, = 16 12

Carm: ) Deere frIenDe, Wars CreDIt, = 1612

Heroic: J rICh VERTVes, reaDI DefenDer. = 1612

Ah I gone
Sleepe, sweetest Prince, on softest Earth,.
Whose Gem thou wert, whilom thy Breath.
Blest Soule ! from Earth to Heaven who Parts.

^ This chronogram is correct with the original print, but wrongs in d^te (making all
allowance for the printer's errors) ; it gives 1904. It is an example of an impossible date
arising fr6m surplus numerical letters.

ENGLAND— PRINCE HENRY. 15

Deere frIenDe, Wars CkeX^It^ just spender^ s= 1612

rICh VertVes reaDI DefenDer. = 1612

deere friende of all-best-parts, harts, arts. ech, eck

The next is called anagram-chronogram. The portion which now
immediately follows is an exact anagram of the succeeding words ; we
need not stop to analyse the meaning of the allusions to England, etc.,
with the symbols and scriptural references. The lines which sub-
sequently follow are but little more than an echo of the words * trina
corona defertur.'

Hennerico Friderico Stvavrto.
(Anagram)
ohe!
Ar^. ^^ cvi FERTVR, I /V/. 5. 4 '^ G/or.

Scot. ^^ TRINA CORONA 2 Ttm. ^^ Just.

Hib. ^^ DEIS. Jac. I. 12 ^^ Vita.

TRINA CORONA UUi Divis DEFERTVR Utrfsq !

TRINA parata Patre, trina relata Patre.
Chronog.
fertVr trIna (oh)e DoMInante Corona ter Vno, = 1612

DebIta trIna soLo, Vera resVMta poLo. = 161 2

We now come to the following : —

henricus.
Chron :
Is PRioR DVCVM. = 16 1 2

Ante— ChrIstVs DeMorItVr. = 1612

Epigram.
Vera (heu) sanguines praedixit flammifer iEthrse

Vultus, Fata Ducum : hinc Ilias orta Mali :
Sors mala nos miseri 6 ! irato sidere, sidus

Occidit, heu ! peccant membra, luitque caput
Anne inamoene peri, Lupe, Faux, Crux, Festa nefasta,
qVo Magnas, prInCeps, enDVperator obIt. = 161 2
henricvs fredericvs.
Chron:
VICtorIaM aDeptVs. = 161 2

* Then follow six lines of epigram ; and afterwards these chrono-
grams addressed to the prince, each also with six lines of epigram
(omitted here).

J DVlCIssIMVs, (the letter L is not counted). = 16 12

"I MeLLeVs VerIs aDonIs. =1612

MaCte VerIor fortItVDo. = 161 2

^ The words 'just spender* must be taken to mean the man who disburses your house-
hold expenses, — 'just steward,' i.e. Stuart. The earliest member of this re^ family whom
we find on record is said to be Walter, son of Alan, who was Steward or Dapifer of Scot>
land in the i«ign of David I. and Malcolm iv., in the first half of the 12th century.

i6 ENGLAND— JAMES FIRST,

SANG VINE, CorDe, MeNTE VI R. = l6l2

EN ChorIs DIWM. = 1612

tItVs IMperator DeCorVs. = 16 12

VIVIt CanDor — aMor. = 161 2

eCCe CLara LaVs, fLos LILIoLVM. = 1612

Then this Epigram follows : —

DeLI spLenDIDUs pVer. = 161 2

Tyro Clari mird coelebs virtute serenus

Cursu dum medio candidus urget equos :
Sorde licet res, spes radioriim iPulvis obumbret,

Laus superat vivax funere major erit :
Inscribetque Pius pario breve tfiarmore carmen,

heroVM, Cor, harIC-arChI-CoroLLa, CapVt. = 1612

T^ien follow six pages of Latin anagram, acrostic, and other muta-
tions of the words, some arranged in squares, relating to the same
prince, accompanied by a Greek version of the same, all very intricate,
evolving his name, the date, day, and hour of his death, his age, and
other allusions in both languages. This chronogram is at the com-
mencement—

heV MoRxV-fi DELlTlaL«. = 16 12

and after some acrostic lines, this obscure chronogram concludes the
direct allusions to the prince —

DE I

AW AW J *»cf paMphILo - BONO - sVaVIs Leo = 161 2

AB 1 ^^ " ^^^^ " CharIs graDIWs, &c = 1612

Then follow the names of the daughter of James i. and her hus-
band, used chronographically, and arranged as * ParallelL* Here they
are in simple arrangement

CassIMIrVs steVarDaea. = 16 12

CasIMIrr steWarD. = 1612

DVke freDerIIc ) ^baVeer (/>. Bavaria). ) __ ,

LaDy eL-sabeth / °^ Briten {i.e. Britain). J "" ^°"

CarIssIMVs ) ( Caesar sIM, . , «.^a/««\ — r^,^

DeaaretVsa/ iviRTVsDEi^ {each making) = 1612

sIr DVKe mi trV SARA, (for K rea/i C=: 100.) = 1612

braVe kIrke — Defender. ") ^

bLIth, bLest ayDer— eVa J ^
And so the first portion of the book terminates.

Then follows a fresh title-page to a set of epigrams on the death
of the Kings of England from the union of the ' Roses ' down to the
then reigning King James i., in Latin, and the same in Greek, each
preceded by one of these chronograms. The first of the following lines

1612

ENGLAND— VARIOUS KINGS. 17

gives the date of the death of the above-mentioned son of James i.,

the second the date of the book now being quoted.

IaM faVstIter DeCVrso, = 161 2

O PROTEGAT ChrIstVs DoMInVs iETERNlXER. = 1613

i.e. Having now favourably run his course^ may Christ the Lord protect
him for ever.

The amount of each of the following chronograms is composed of
the year of coming to the throne and the number of years the king
reigned.

Henricus Septimus.
Is DAT RosiA VnIoneM . An : I J^^' { ^^^^ \ = 1508

Henricus octavus.
reX, sVb aXe arX, aDIWaMen. | ^^oQ I ^ ,546

Edouardus sextus

ferI NGN MILES DeL I ^^^ \ = 1553

{■'1}

Maria.
Lis aMara DVra pIIs.

Elisabetha.
HiSC regIMIne Dea.

Jacobus rex
sVos MiTis DVClT.

Anna regina (Anne of Denmark, wife of James i.).

HiEC nIMpha, fons DIVInVs, = 1613

Carolus Stuartus (Son of James i.).

arthVrg seDIbVs ILLe IMperator. = 1613

Carolus Walliae princeps. (The same).

ANNON hIC . D . optI . MaXI. = 16 1 3

The book now approaches its conclusion, by the following address

to the reader, containing the chronogram dates, and the author's
name. Also a chronogram addressed —

aD CanDIDos seVerIores VIros. = 1613
Prospera nos habeant Satrapoin nos ora serenent.

Spreta abeant Satyrwn aspera IVDICIVM. = 16 13

VILLMVs ChIICC . C . C.^ = 16 13
Anno ter prsehotata

Dono prInCIPIbVs gratarl ne InflMa-flnls. = 16 13

' %.€. The author's name, William Cheeke, in Latin ; altered to meet the necessity of the
chronogram. The repetition of the letters C. C. can only be explained in the same manner.

1 8 ENGLAND— PRINCE HENRY, ETC,

EXTRACTS from a tract in the Bodleian Library, Oxford:

* Luctus posthumus, sive Erga defunctum principem Henricum

Walliae' (by Members of Magdalen College), Oxford, 1612.

The following relates to the marriage of Elizabeth, daughter of
James the First, to the Elector Palatine Frederic Casimir.
Anagram (the word * nos ' is not used).
Fredericus Casimirus Elisabeta Stuarta
Istis (nos) terris facimus durare beata secula.

By I. Richards, Art : Bac ; New Coll.
Chronogramma Magdalenensium. In obitum Henrici principis.
Anno Dom. 161 2.

Then follow some acrostic Latin lines on Prince Henry Frederick,
son of James i., in which the word EXCIDIM occurs twice, and
EXCIDIMus, once; the meaning is obscure beyond expressing by
chronogram the year of his death, = 161 2

At another page is the following chronogram —
freDerICVs Morte i»erIt, ast honor sVperstat. = i6i2

ue. Frederick is dead but honour survives.

The tract concludes thus, Finis, Anno quo
tV Tibl LVges MagDaLena. = 161 2

i,e. Magdalen (College) thou moumest to thyself.

Another tract is in the same volume with the foregoing one, having
this title : ' Melemata in honores nuptiales nobilissimi Frederici et
augustissimse Elizabethan,

Quae Veneris formam^ mores Junonis kabendo
Sola est coelesti digna reperta tori.

London 16 13. Typis E. Stainsby.'
The following * Anni 1613 Chronographium ' occurs —
kobILIs est Consors LeCtI freDerICVs eLIz-s

hIC LVCtVs nobIs erIpVItqVe graVes.
feCerVnt trIstes heV nVper fVnera fratrIs

L«TA AT NOS LaTOS SLISi^ETHA FaCIs.

And in the margin: *Vivat io vivat princeps coelestis et olim
mortuus, e tumulo fulmen jaculetur in hostes.'

A VOLUME of tracts in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, * Carmen
£\^ lugubre' (verses, etc.), by JoL Sictor. Leyden, 1626. One is
' Epigramma de obitu duorum heroum nostri seculi incomparabilium
— ^unius pace florentissimi, alterius marte felicissimL'

The first on the death of King James i. of England —
sCotIgenas angLIs qVI et Vna IVnXIt hIbernos,

VnIVs Vt sCeptrI sInt trIa regna saCrI; % _ ,

qVo pIa paX VIgVIt, Magna atqVe brItannIa, seXto, j "" ^^

aprILIs seXtA reX IaCobVs obIt.
i,e. He who joined the Scotch and Irish to the English, that three king-
doms might be one under one sacred sceptre, King fames the Sixth, by wham
pious peau as well as Great Britain grew, died on the sixth of April,

I-

•I-

1613

ENGLAND^GUNPOWDER PLOT, 19

The second is on the death of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of
Orange —

qVI totIes beLgIs VIrtVte repressIt Iberos, )

aVrIaCVs prInCeps obIIt MaVrICIVs herds > = 1625

LVCe qVater senA, absqVe Vna, VernantIs aprILIs. j

i.e. The hero Maurice^ Prince of Orange^ who so often by his valour

repelled the Belgian-Spaniards^ died on the four times seventh watting

one (27M) day of the blooming April,

Jr FIND in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, in the Ashmolean Manu-
1^ script, No. 36, fol. 276, the following * Chronogramma de quinta
le Novembris [ex Psalmo 124] publico Statuto Anglis solemni,
mirabile j^-ff/ Providentid detect® per Pyrium pulverem conjurationis
in Regem, Liberos Regios, et Proceres Regni Comitiales, Anno tertio
Jacobi Magnas Britanniae Monarch®; Praesentis verb seculi 1605.'

qVInta noVeMbrIs erat fataLIs pVLYere nItrI, \

reX, proCeres regnI qVA non perI&re brItannI: > = 1605

PRO taLI aVspICIo est soLennIs gLorIa ChrIsto. )

Le, TTie fifth of November was dangerous with gunpowder^ by which the

King and the leading men of the kingdom perished not; for such an

auspice there is solemn {or religious) glory to Christ.

[The chronogram has this appendage] —

LiETO, fIt
Lat^ sIt
aVspICIo est taLI soLennIs gLorIa ChrIsto.

h. Nativitate ver6 Dominica hujus seculi

supra millesimum sexcentesimum

quinto.

The addition to the chronogram is explained on referring to a similar
one at page 25 infra,

A VOLUME of tracts in the British Museum (C. 28, g. 2-3), Poems
/\ in honour of Charles i., etc The third tract has this title,
dated only by chronograms : ' Anagrammata regia in honorem maximi
mansuetissimi regis CaroH conscripta,' etc. (and dated thus) —

LonDInI regIo prIVILegIo eXaratVM. = 1626

and on the last page is this chronogram (the publisher's name) —

eXtant Ista In iEDIfiVs gVLIeLMI stansbIe. = 1626

le. At London, produced under royal privilege. These are at the house
of William Stansbie.

In the same volume, the fifth tract — ' Euphemia vota et soteria
Carolo principij' etc.„ per M. Gulielmi, In M"» T^^, ... At page 67,

20 ENGLAND— CHARLES FIRST.

an epigrammatic poem is preceded by * Chronograrama duplex, disticho
codclusum, in annum serenissimo regi Carolo salutiferum mdcxxxii.'
BVLLiE Vt sVbsIDVnt NAXiE eX antheMate regIs. = 1632

eMergVnt, et VIX visa repentI: CaDVnt. = 1632

i.e. As bubbles subside arising from the anathemas of tfu King. 27uy
arise, and scarcely are they seen when they suddenly fall.

ON George Villiers, first Duke of Buckingham, the most intimate
friend of Charles the First, murdered at Portsmouth by Felton,
23d August 1628 —

GEORGIVs DVX BVCKlNGHAMIiE. = 1 628

A CURIOUS and rare tract, of only twenty-two pages (Brit. Mus.,
C. 39, e.), is best explained by giving its title-page in full,
together with some extracts, to show the purpose of the chronograms,
and if possible to explain their meaning. The allusions are to King
James i. of England and Prince Charles his son, afterwards Charles
the First, who married the Infanta of Spain —

' Pax Vobis, or wit*is changes turned in a Latine hexameter of
* Peace. Whereof the numeral tetters present the yeare of our
' Lord ; and the verse itself (consisting only of nine words) ad-
' mitteth 1623 several changes or transpositions, remaining still a
' true verse ; to the great wonder of common understanding.

*With a congratulatorie poem thereupon, and some other
chronograms expressing both the yeare of our Lord and the yeare
of the king's reigne.

'Composed in celebration of this yeare's entrance of his
Majestie into the xxi yeare of his blessed reigne.

* By Ro: Tisdale of Graies Inn Gent. — London 1623.*

[Page I.] * Greatest of Caesars, peace-maker of kings,

^ * James of Great Britaine, whom all muses sings,

! makCTs^** * ^" stately panegyricks, styling thee
• Sabbath.' * The prince of peace that now with sabbaths^ three
' Of Halcyon yeares/ eta

* Thy trine of sabbaths,'^ etc.

[Page 3.] — — * behold, and see

* One thousand and six hundred twenty three,

* In this nine-worded line ; a salutation,
.* Or Ave Caesar, at his coronation.'

paX tIbI, reX saLeM,2 per te gens fLorIDa regnat. = 1623

* Reade and observe it well ! There shall you finde.

* The yeare of Christ,'

^ Alluding to the Sabbatical year, or three times 7 :^ 21 years of the king's reigo.
■ * Our Jerusalem' is expressed elsewhere in the poem.

ENGLAND— CHARLES FIRST. 21

[Page 4.] — ^Then follow 66 lines of changes (or transpositions) on
the words of the chronogram, with a marginal note, ' The changes after
this order are above 1623/ (Each line of course making that date.)
[Page 8.] — * This yeare the one and twentieth of our peace,

And thy third Sabbath since aU warres did cease
To cloud the day, or thunder, like to feare.
With sword, and fire, our royall hemisphere.*
IaMes by the graCe of goD, Is a kIng noW neVer Vnhappy.= 1623
Whose three seaVns of yeres, Is a reIqn, In a xrInItIe

SABBATH. == 21

* By thee great Caesar have we now attain'd
The flowrie times of peace ; ' —
[Page 18.] — ' Our royall prince has cut a passage through the sea.'
The poet eulogises the prince Charles on his going to Spain to woo
the Infanta, and the prince is supposed to say, —

VVIDVM WQ\ i.e. I have overcome the sea. = 1623

(All the letters being numerals.) This is followed by some verses,
each line commencing with these letters in succession. The prince
arrives in Spain. He meets the King of Spain, who entertains him
nobly. The poet prays that he may return, having accomplished a
marriage between love and peace !

* That love and peace, still shining in his glory,.
To make this journall an etemall story
To after-ages, of his princely cariage,
And the felicity of a royall manage !
And so take to him two attributes of state,

MICVI.DVXI,andbothfortunate.{j;j«^^^«J^^^X} = '^'^
* Whereof receive this chronogram —

shIne honors heros. Make thy brIDe thy sphere!

FOR We In her eXpeCt a happy yeare. = 1623

[Conclusion.]
' And so I rest, faithfuU, and still the same ;
Wishing I could my service fitly frame
To all occasions, as this verse doth raise
His changes forty thousand sev'ral) wayes.
Lex mihi Lux ; sic rex, ceu Sol, dans lumina. Jus sit.
obseqVIo, non fIDe MVLtIpLeX. Ro. Tisdale.' = 1623

[This match was broken off, and Charles on his way home met
with Henrietta Maria at Paris, daughter of Hetuy iv. of France, whom
he afterwards married, as we are told in the epithalamium next
following.]

A VOLUME in the Brit. Mus. 837, h. 16. — ' Epithalamia Oxoniensia,'
addressed to Charles First on his marriage with Henrietta
Mana, daughter of Henry iv. of France. — Oxoniae 1625. By various
members of the university. There are among them a few chronograms.

Multiplex aad
semper idem
40020,. wayes.

22 ENGLAND— CHARLES FIRST.

The following is adapted from Ovid, i. Metamorph. It is necessary
to quote the whole, that the right eflfect may be given to the chrono-
gram.

Carolus est Phoebus, radios difiundit Amoris,

Unus et in nostro Sol velut orbe micat
Tu Maria es Daphne, viridi dignissima lauro,

Quoquo respectu conspiciaris, eris.
FHCEbVs aMat, VISiEQVE (InIIt) ConnVbIa Daphnes; = 1625
Qualia vult sperat, qualia sperat habet.
Le, Charles is PhabuSy he pours forth the rays oflove^ and as one pin he
shines in our sphere. Thou Maria art Daphne^ thou wilt be most
worthy of the green laurel^ and wilt be regarded with respect. Phoebus
laves and he has concluded the desired wedlock of Daphne^ — the things he
desires he hopes for^ and those which he hopes for he possesses.

The lines are No. 49a in the original, and run thus —
Phoebus amat ; visaeque cupit connubia Daphnes ;
Quaeque cupit, sperat : suaque ilium oracula fallunt

Another from the same tract, * Chronogram.'
gaLLICa nIMpha feret CaLathIs tIbI LILIa pLenIs

reX InVICte = 1625

Lilia mixta Rosis ; Regales Lilia flores
Regalesq; Rosae : CaLathIs en LILIa pLenIs

gaLLICa nIMpha feret tIbI (reX InVICte) rosasq; = 1625

llli tute dabis ; sic florum jungere Reges ;
Sic Regum flores decuit ; Caroloque Mariam.
Floreat aetemlim Caroli Rosa, pulchra Mariae
In casto Dominae seruent se Lilia, vultu,
Mixta Rosis ; et Lili-Rosas haec mixtio donet

i^e. O unconquered king^ the French nymph shall bring to thee lilies in
loaded baskets. Lilies mixed with RoseSy Royal Lily flowers and Royal
Roses; Behold^ O unconquered king^ the French maiden shall bring to
thee baskets full of Lilies and Roses ^ etc. etc.

In the same volume is a tract, 'Voces votivae. Ab Academicis
Cantabrigiensibus.' Cambridge, 1640. Verses on the birth of a son
to Charles i. and Henrietta Maria. The subject of one poem is thus
expressed — * Ad eundem regium infantem.
' Natales decorent dim multi Annosque Diesque,

eCCe hInC eXIMIVs tWs hIC CognosCItVr annVs. ai 1640

i.e. Whilst many birthdays may adorn the years and days^ Behold I
henceforth this thy distinguished year is recognised.

A manuscript in the British Museum, 12. a. lx., consisting of about
forty pages of Latin and Greek verses presented to King
Charles the First on his visit to Winchester in 1636, composed by the
scholars of the college there. Its titl^ is 'Musae tripudiantes, in

ENGLAND— CHARLES FIRST. 23

optatissimo adventu Illustrissimi Regis Caroli, ad Wintoniam.' Among
.Uie contents are these anagrams and chronograms —

( Carolus Stewarte Angliae Rex, (w=uu).
nagramraa. | ^^ ^^^ Caesar ave lux regni sola

Chronograma —

ET qVe WIntonIaM fVIt 6 tIbI CaVsa tVenDI. = 1636

i,e. And what cause was tJure to thee for protecting Winchester,

( Carolus Britafitiae Rex.

^^^*^™™* \ Lux orbis aeterna carl

f Carolus Stevartvs.
Anagramma. -|^ j^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^

Chronograms addressed to him —
MorIbVs, aVt VIrtVte IpsI Is pIetate seCVnDVs. = 1636

i.e. He is second only to himself in manners^ virtue, and piety.

VItIs VtI arborIbVs tV DeCVs oMne VIrIs. = 1636

i.e. As the vine is the glory to trees ^ so thou art all glory to mankind.

T T TRITTEN on the fly-leaf of a copy of the EUton Basilike, dated

Y Y 1648, and probably contemporary with the event ; the ink has

faded to a pale yellow colour. The volume is in the British Museum.

Chronostichon anni 1648.
reX pIVs atqVe bonVs greX ConDeMnantVr InIqVe. t= 1648

and followed by this translation written in pencil, ' A pious king and a
good people are condemned unjustly.' On the same page is this line —
reX pIVs et greX VerVs ConDeMnantVr InIqVe. = 1648

On another fly-leaf of the same volume the following chronogram
is written in pale faded ink —

Chronostichon decollationis Caroli Regis etc: tricessimo die
Jan : Anno a creatione mundi ut inter nos computatur 5684.
trIstIa perCharI DepLoro fVnera regIs. =

Inferna Ingrata Detestor MVnera pLebIs. =:

reX DeCoLLatVr serVIs; qVIs taLIa VerbIs =

eXpLICet, aVt possIt LaChryMIs aqVare Labores; =

hIC| pIetatIs honos? sIC regeM In sCeptra reponVnt. =

5684

i.e. A Chronostichon of the beheading of Charles^ J^ing, etc.^ on the $oth
day of January y in the year from the creation of the worlds as it is
calculated by us, 5684. I deplore tke sad death of our very dear king,
I detest the ifrfemal acts of the ungrateful multitude. The king is
beheaded by his servants ; who could explain such things by words, or

ENGLAND— CHARLES FIRST.

who could equal these sorrows by tears,
thus they restore a king to his throne 1

Is this the duty of affection^

THE next is from Notes and Queries,
At Brockthorp, Gloucestershire, carved roughly on an oak
timber in the church porch. It is also in a Collection of Poems and
Songs^ 1639 to 1661, and in a Collection of LoycU Songs printed in 1731.
' Chronostichon Decollationis Caroli regis tricessimo die Januarii,
secunda hora pomeridiana Anno Dom. mdcxlviii.'* See Aubrey's
Miscellanies. Ed. 1857, page 7.

TER Deng JanI: Labens reX soLe CaDente. Y

CaroLVs eXVtVs soLIo sCeptroqVe seCVre. = 1648

le. ' Ere thirtieth January's setting sun^

* The axe on Royal Charles its work had done^

* His throne and sceptre losty his short race run*

' Sole cadente ' is allusive to Charles as England's sun, and may
be translated ' in the afternoon.'

I find in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, among the Ashmolean
manuscripts, two other versions of the foregoing chronogram. The
extracts are from the ms. Ashmole. 36, fol. 279.

* Epigramma de Termino Hilarii in Anglia Juridico, Anno Domini
1649.'^ (Then follow eight hexameter and pentameter Latin verses
on Uie execution of Charles i., and continuing thus)— * Eteostichon
executionis Regalis, Anno Dn : 1649, die 30 Januarii.'

TER DenA IanI reX LVCe, aC soLe CaDente,

eXVtVs soLIo CaroLVs ense rVIt. = 1649

Then follow eight more verses, with this conclusion —
TER Deng IanI Labens reX soLe CaDente,
CaroLVs EXVtVs sgLIg sCeptrgqVe seCVrI.

= 1649

A REMARKABLE anagram on Charles i. is in a book in the British
jt\^ Museum, Lusus Anagrammatico-poeticuSy by J. H. Zemik, 1706.
Press mark 837, h. 45. It does not appear that it was written before
his execution; the anagram is perfect, the letters of the first line
exactly compose the words of the second.
Carolus Stuartus, Angliae, Scotiae, et Hiberniae Rex :
Aula, Statu, Regno exufiris, ac hostili arte necaberis.

^ There is here an apparent confusion of dates. The execution of Charles i. is represented
by these three chronograms to have taken place in 1648 and 1649, or, as it is sometimes
expressed, 164I. When double dates are given, the first denotes the English legal year
ending 24th March, the second denotes the Julian year ending 31st December. The 30th
of January might thus be put into either year.

ENGLAND'-CIVIL WAR, ETC. 25

/>. Charles Stuart, King of Englandy Scotland and Ireland, thou shalt
be deprived of palace, state, and kingdom, and shalt be killed through
hostile cunning.

4 TRACT in Lambeth Palace Library:, IH. D. 3, Nuncius propheticus
sive syllabus selectorum vaticinatorum, etc, London 1642, (? by
im Burton, or by Seth Ward, or by T. B.)
Opposite the title-page is a summary of vaticinations of misfortune
to England, with this chronogram at the foot of the page; all the
numeral letters are printed red.

paX nobIs faXIt DeVs

AT beLLVM eXeat orbe. = 1642

i,e. May God make peace for us, and may war yet depart from the
world.

A VERY rare tract of 12 pages 4to, lent to me by Rev. W. Begley.
r\, Chronometra memorabilium rerum, etc.^ relating to the civil wars
m England, printed at Cambridge, 1646.

The following ' Tetrastichon chronologicon, unk cum voto Chris-
tiano pro auspicio anni 1646,' is on the title-p^ge, and dates the
publication of the book.

nVnC agItVr qVartVs beLLIs CIVILIbVs annVs,

sVIsqVe VIrIbVs rVIt brItannIa:
ChrIste, saLVtares Da paCe resVrgere soLes,

eCCLesIjE TViE VIgebIt CLarItas. = 1646

ue. Now the fourth year of the civil war is passing, and Britain is
falling by its own force : O Christ, grant that the days may arise again
in peace, and the beauty of thy church will flourish.

On the destruction of the Spanish fleet in the English Channel,
2Sth July {the Spanish Armada).
VICeno aC qVIno IVLI, regIna VIrago

hesperII regIs CLasseM pIa VICIt eLIza. = 1588

i.e. On the 25M day of July our pious maiden Queen Elizabeth conquered
the fleet of the western king.

On the providential discovery of 'Gunpowder Plot' on sth
November in the third year of King James the First.
qVInta noVeMbrIs erat fataLIs pVLVere nItrI,
reX, proCeres regnI qVA non perI^re brItannI :
PRO taLI aVspICIo LatI; sIt gLorIa ChrIsto. = 1605

i.e. The fifth day of November was dangerous with gunpowder, on
which day the king and the nobles of Britain did not perish: for such
a favour may Christ be glorified far and wide. The last line of this
chronogram differs from a similar one at page 19, supra.

26 ENGLAND— CIVIL WAR.

On the solemn covenant between England, Scotland, and Ireland,
for the uniformity of orthodox religion. 2Sth September.
VICenA qVIntA septeMbrIs LVCe, lEHoViE

PRO reCto CVLtV saCra Vota InII:re brItannI. = 1643

i.e. On the 2^th day of September the Britons formed a sacred resolve
for the right worship of Jehovah.

This chronogram is signed * Joh. Sictor Rokytsanus exul Bohemus.'
This Bohemian exile, John Sictor, was the author of the book ; no
author's name is otherwise mentioned therein.

Then follows ' Chronologicon generaliorum praeliorum et precipu-
* arum expugnationum, civili et intestino bello Anglicano, inter regem
^ et summura regni senatum, in quartum annum productum.'

On the battle of Kineton (Edge-hill), in Warwickshire, on ajd
October —

VICeno terno oCtober DeferbVIt ortV,

CLaDe CrVentarVnt CIVILI rVra brItannI. = 1642

i.e. The twenty-third sun of October arose when the Britons made the
fields red with civil slaughter.

On the battle of Devizes, in Wiltshire, in which the king's forces
were victorious, j^h July —

qVIntILIs qVInto, phcebo rVtILante CaLore,

robore reX poLLens paLMA VICtrICe potItVs. = 1643

ue. On the fifth of July y the sun shining brightly j the king being the more
powerful gained the victory.

On the first battle of Newbury, in Berkshire* 20th September —
soLe qVater qVIno septeMbrIs In orbe CorVsCc^
ConfLIXIre aCIe, patrIoqVe CrVore brItannI. = 1643

Le. TTie twentieth sun qf September shining in the worlds the Britons
contended in battle^ with slaughter of their kinsmen.

On the battle of Nantwich, in Cheshire, when the royalists were
defeated on 25 th February —

VICeno aC qVInto febrWs respLenDVIt Ignb,
regIa CLaDe Cohors rVIt In CestrensIbVs agrIs, = 1644

ie. The twentyfifth sun of February arose when the forces of the king
are defeated in the plains of Cheshire.

On the battle of Marston-Moor, in Yorkshire, in which the parlia-
mentary army was victorious, on 2d July —
regaLes fVsI qVIntILIs LVCe seCVnDA,

VIrIbVs attrItIs, eboraCo CLaDe propInqVA. = 1644

i.e. On the second day of July the royalists were scattered^ the forces being
broken in the defeat near York.

ENGLAND— CIVIL WAR. 27

The first battle in Cornwall, all the supplies of the enemy being
intercepted, they were compelled to surrender, and the ro3ralists took
possession of nearly all the western portion of the kingdom —
InCIpIente poLo VIIbrIs LVCe sVb Vna

CornVbIa In bIMarI CessIt VICtorIa regI. = 1644

/>. The first day of September having dawned^ the victory in Cornwall
betwun the two seas^ fell to the king.

On the taking by storm of Newcastle by the Scotch army —
aXe noVenDeno oCtobrIs, phceboqVe CaDente,

VI sVnt CasteLLI Castra sVbaCta no VI. =s 1644

t.e. On the nineteenth day of October^ at the set of sun^ the camp of
Newcastle is subdued by force.

On the second battle of Newbury, which was interrupted by the
darkness of night, 27 th October —
oCtobrIs noVIes ternA faCe pVgna reVIXIt:

noCte seD obsCVrA regaLes CLaDe fVgantVr. = 1644

i.e. On the thrice ninth day of October the battle was renewed^ but^ night
intervening, the royal forces are put toflighi with slaughter.

On the occupation of Shrewsbury by stratagem, 2 2d February —
aXe bIs VnDeno febrVIqVe, saLopIa, CLaVo,

Capta fVIt CaVt^: noCte sILente DoLo. = 1645

i.e. On th^ twice eleventh day of February, Shrewsbury was taken by a
night stratagem.

On the battle of Naseby, in Northamptonshire, by which the
king's forces were totally defeated, 14th June-—
Bis SEPTENA DIes JVnI LVX ConsCU CLaDIs,
InfaVsta iLfiC regI, regnI VICtore senatV. = 1645

i.e. The twice seventh day of June was witness to an overthrow, the day
was fatal to the king, the parliament was victorious^

On the battle of Langport, in Somersetshire, at which the parlia-
mentary army was victorious, loth July —
Dena DIes JVLJ noVa protVLIt Vrbe TROPHiEA»
orDInIbVs regnI, patrIbVs patrL^qVe probatIs* = 1645

i.e. The tenih day of July brought new trophies from the city, for the
estates of the realm and for the senators of their country.

On die battle of Bridge water, in Somersetshire, 2 ad July-*
orbe bIs VnDeno qVIntILIs, Mense sereno,

eXfVgnatVs erat pons refLVentIs aqV^. ss 1645

i.e. On the twice eleventh day of July, a serene month, the Bridge-of
refluent-water was overcome. (Bridgewater),

On the capture of Sherborne Castle, in Dorsetshire, isth August —
aVgVstI DeCIMo qVInto tItane reVerso,

ARX FERA SHERBORNiE PER SVa FATA RVIt« == 1 645

i.e. On the fifteenth of August, in the afternoon, the wild stronghold of
Sherborne falls through its own destiny.

28 ENGLAND— CIVIL WAR,

On the taking by storm, and the surrender, of Bristol to the parlia-
mentary forces —
brIstoLIa VnDeno VIIbrIs soLe nItente,

eXpVgnata fVIt DeDItIone breVI. = 1645

i.e. Bristol was taken by storm on the eleventh day of September^ the
surrender being short.

On the defeat inflicted on Montrose^ the leader in Scotland, 13th
September —

septenA et seXtA VIIbrIs LVCe CorVsCA,

MoNTROsIVs CeLebrI per sCotos strage fVgatVs. = 1645

Le, On the thirteenth day of Septetnber, Montrose was put to flight by the
Scots with decisive slaughter.

On the slaughter inflicted on the royal forces in Cheshire on 24th
September —

soLe qVater skno VIIbrIs, CLaDe CrVentA,

regIa VICta Cohors IntensIs eXCIDIt aVsIs. = 1645

Le, On the four times sixth day of September^ in a bloody defeat^ the
royal forces, being conquered, desisted from their excessive daring.

On the occupation of Winchester castle by surrender —
oCtobrIs seXtA qVoqVe VIntonense troph^on.

arthVrI regIs Mensa rotVnDa fVIt. = 1645

ie. On the sixth also of October, the round table of Arthur was a trophy
at Winchester, [Cromwell's soldiers used * King Arthur's round table'
as a target for their bullets.]

On the taking of Basing-house, in Hampshire, 14th October —
OCTOBER qVatVorDeno respLenDVIt arCV,

oCCVbVIt VItIo CeLsa basInga sVo. = 1645

i,e. The fourteenth of October shone when proud Basing fell, through
its own fault.

On the battle of Sherbum, in Yorkshire, when the royalists were
defeated —

qVInDenA oCtobrIs reVoLVtA LVCe sVpernIs,
regaLes fVerVnt VICtores CLaDe repressI. = 1645

i,e. On the fifteenth of October the victorious royal forces were driven
back with slaughter.

On the taking of the city of Hereford by stratagem in the time of
intense frost, on i8th December —
bIs nono LVCente hereforDIa, soLe XbrIs,

Capta DoLo eX strICto ContInVoqVe geLV. = 1645

i,e. On the twice ninth day of December, Hereford was taken by a
clever stratagem, and through a long time of frost.

ENGLAND— CIVIL WAR, 29

Another concerning the same, the new Troy of Britain —
troIa DoLo et WLtV est herekorDIa faCta brItannIs,

CIVILI In beLLo, bIs nonA LVCe XbrIs. = 1645

Le, As Troy was taken by stratagem^ so Hereford was taken by Britons
in civil war^ on the twice ninth day of December,

On the taking of Dartmouth in Devonshire, on the i8th and 19th
of January —
DartMoVthI portVs, IanI bIs In orbe nqVeno,

atqVe seqVente ortV, robore VICtVs erat. = 1646

i,e, Dartmouth port^ on the twice ninth day of January and the day fol-
lowing^ was suidued by force.

On the surrender of Chester on certain conditions —
fVLget Vt k CceLq terno febrVarIVs arCV,

obsIDIone graVI aC DIVtVrnA CestrIa Capta. = 1646

i,e. When the third day of February shone in the sky^ Chester was taken
{rfter a stubborn and continuous siege.

On the night battle and taking of Torrington in Devonshire —
LVCe bIs oCtaVA febrVI, LVnaqVe rVbentI,

regaLes fVerVnt DIspersI CLaDe reCentI. = 1646

i,e. On the twice eighth day of February and at full moon the royal
forces were scattered with fresh slaughter,

Abingdon taken by stratagem and afterwards recovered by force —
MartIVs ILLVXIt trVCVLentVs et aLter ab ortV,

fortIs abIngton erat Capta reCepta CIt6. =s 1646

i,e, JTu second day of fierce March month arose^ and brave Abingdon
was taken and quickly recovered.

The second affair of Cornwall about the spring equinox in the
month of March, the royal forces reduced to the utmost straits,
surrendered to parliament on fair conditions —
LVCe sVb -«qVaLI VernA, pIt Marte reCepta
CornVbIa In CornV regnI, VInCente senatV. = 1646

i,e. At the spring equinox Cornwall^ the horn of the kingdom^ is recovered
by war^ parliament being victorious.

Defeat inflicted on the royal forces on the confines of Gloucester-
shire—

VICenA aC VnA fVLsIt faCe MartIVs aLtA,

regIa Castra NoViE fVerant sVbIeCta rVIn^ = 1646

i,e, March shone with its one and twentieth torch on high^ the royal
camp was subjected to afresh defeat.

The surrender of Exeter on mutual fair conditions —
VnDeno et bIno DefLante aprILe proCeLLIs,

eXonIa eX fLWIo CLara reCepta fVIt. = 1646

Le, The eleven and second (isth) of April weeping with storms^ noble
Exeter on the river Exe was retaken.

30 ENGLAND— CIVIL WAR, ETC.

Concerning the clandestine departure of the king from Oxford
when the siege was imminent, early in May —
reX Inter sCotos oCCVLxfe In Castra reOessIt,
oXonIo, rVrI MaIo fLoraqVe faVente. = 1646

ix. The king secretly returned to the camp of the Scots from Oxford,
when May and Flora were favouring the country.

The surrender of Newark, the best fortified town in Nottingham-
shire, when the king was there present and consenting —
ConsensV eX regIs, MaII sVb LVCe no Vena,

InCLyta erant operIs Castra sVbaCta noVI. = 1646

le. With consent of the king on the ^th of May the famous castle of
Newark was reduced to submission.

The surrender of the city and University of Oxford where the king
had his Court during the civil war for three years and a half —
ter IVnI oCtaVA, CIVILIs teMpore beLLI,

oXonIa Vrbs reLIqVIs regnI est aCCensa tropileIs. = 1646

ue. On the thrice eighth (24M) day of June Oxford eity was reckoned
among the rest of the trophies of the kingdom.

The surrender of Worcester on 23d of July —
VICeno aC terno IVLI, CanIs arDet In aXe,
obsIDIone soLVta VIgornIa paCe qVIesCIt. = 1646

i,e. On the three and twentieth of July, the dog^tar rulings Worcester,
delivered from its siege, rests in peace.

Two epigrams in Latin^ but not chronographic, terminate this
curious tract

T FIND in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, in the Ashmolean manu-
J[ script, No. 180, fol. 121, the following lines —
CaroLVs seCVnDVs* reDVX, ANGLIiE, sCotIa, franCIa et
hIbernI^ reX, etC: VIgeat, VIVat. s= i66a

i.e, Charles the Second, who has been brought back. King of England^
Scotland, France, and Ireland, etc, may he flourish, may he live.
'I much rejoice that my dread Soueraigne

King Charles the Second is restored againe.

Long may hee live, Secundous^ be his raigne^

And let dl plots against him be in vaine,

His birth day and his blest retume Let not,

Or his Amnesty ever be forgott,^

May all his yeares be happy ten tymes ten,

Let all Create Brittaine say Amen, Amen.*

THE next is again from Notes and Queries,
At Nantwich in Cheshire. On the upper border of a sun-dial,

^ Observe the pun, ' Secundus ' in Latin, means second, and propitious.
' Referring to the Act of free gencial pardon,, indemnity, and oblivion for all treasons,
etc., which was passed in 1660.

ENGLAND— CHARLES II,, ETC. 31

formerly at the west end of the church, and removed about the year
1800. See Plotfs History of Nantwich, Y

HONOR DoMIno pro paCe popVLo sVo parta. = 166 1

i,c. Honour be to the Lord for the peace procured for his people.

(Remark) — *Now, seeing that Nantwich was, during the civil
dissensions which culminated in the murder of Charles i., a rampant
hot-bed of anarchy and rebellion, we should hardly be prepared for
such a complete repudiation of those principles, as is conveyed in this
line, did we not know that the same anxiety to get rid of the " Bare-
bones " incubus universally prevailed.' The date 1661, the year of the
coronation of Charles 11., is probably the year in which the dial was
erected.

Lond

MEDAL to General Monk commemorating his bringing back
__ King Charles ii. from Breda in Holland. The king entered
ndon on his birthday, 29th May 1660.

GEORGiVs MonCe DVx de aumarLe. = 1660

EGO REGEM REDUXI, AN?. SA : MDCLW.

i.e. George Monk, Duke of Albemarle; I brought back the king in
the year of salvation 1660.

The chronogram line is also an anagram; the same letters compose
the line which follows it The chronogram, however, is a very bad
one, because five letters, making the further amount of 15 16, are not
counted, and the necessity of the date and the anagram require the
substitution of the letters Ce for k.

GEORGE WITHERS the poet wrote this, on the expected
engagement between the English and Dutch fleets, commanded
respectively by the Duke of Albemarle and Admiral De Ruyter — Y

Lord haVe MerCIe Vpon Vs. = 1666

The fight lasted four days, and ended in favour of the English,
both fleets returning to their harbours. Both admirals were dis-
satisfied with this result ; the Dutch fleet renewed the attack at the
mouth of the Thames, and was defeated there on the 9th July 1666.

A VOLUME of tracts in the Lambeth Palace Library (IIL D. la)
/^ contains an ode, *Ad Jacobum, Caroli secundi fratrem— et
Manam Beatricem Mutinensum Ducis sororem.' London 1673. ^^
the end is this * chronicon * —

o LeX aMorIs 1 DVo estIs In Carne Vna. = 1673

i.e. O Law of love I ye two are in one flesh.

The ode is in honour of the (second) marriage of James, Duke of
York (afterwards King James 11.) with Mary of Modena, whose family
name was Este. The word ' estis ' in the chronogram may be under-
stood as a pun on that name.

32 ENGLAND.

IN Warner's Modem History of Bath^ it is related that in the year
1687, Mary the Queen of James 11. having heard of the wonder-
working power of the Bath waters in cases of barrenness, tried their
effects. In commemoration of this, the Earl of Melfort erected an
ornamental structure composed of three Corinthian columns, in the
centre of the bath. It was taken down in 1783, having become insecure
through the action of the water. It bore the following inscription —

' In perpetuam Mariae Reginse memoriam, quam, coelo in Batho-
nienses thermas irradiente, spiiitus Domini, qui fertur super aquas,
trium regnorum hseredis gehetricem effecit Utrique parenti, natoque
principi absit gloriari, nisi in Cruce Domini nostri Jesus Christi ; ut
plenius hauriant

aqVas CVM gaVDIo eX fontIbVs saLVatorIs. = 1688

Deo trino et uni, tribus digitis orbem appendenti, ac per crucem
redimenti, hoc tricolumnare trophaeum vovet dicatque Johannes
Comes de Melfort.'

[This reminds us of the Trinity columns and fountains to be seen
in many German towns, erected by the several reigning emperors ;
indeed it is almost in imitation of them.]

Le, That they may drink more fully with joy the waters from the foun-
tains of salvation^ etc.

The prince who was bom after this circumstance was the ' Pre-
tender' who was acknowledged by France as King James the Third.*
The words of the chronogram are irrelevant to the particular event,
and might be applied to any person, but for the long inscription of
which £ey form a part

A TRACT in the British Museum, 837. h. 4-1 1. 'Epigrammata in
A\ honorem — Georgii Ludovici magna Britanniae — regis, etc.,
dievotissime conscripta A. Gasp. Abelo.' Halberstadii, 17 14.
^ f Georgius Ludovicus.

"^^^^^ * I Gregi suo diu oculus.
(Page 4) Prognosticon regni.

Ex Ovid : Lib : XL Metamorph : v. 270.
hIC regnVM sIne VI, sIne CaeDe tenebat. = 17 14

/./. Repossessed his kingdom without force^ without slaughter.
po diflferent from the fortunes of most of the sovereigns of Euroi)e,
George the First peaceably succeeded to the throne.]

A MANUSCRIPT in the British Museum (in a volume of miscellaneous
papers. No. 7017) has the following, which, though not strictly
a chronogram, so much resembles one as to deserve a place here.
This is the title—

* See Chronograms in Italy, infra.

ENGLAND— THOMAS BODLEY, 33

P Ax ChrIste orbi temPoRE da Car A siT pIe parvO.
Christe Orbi da teMPOre SIT car A Jax piE paRvo.
siT pie cHriste Orbi CaRa parVo teMPorE da pax.
pAx CARA : Da parvQ pie teMpore christe sit orbi.

teMpore Da Oara Ohriste orbi paX sIt pIe parvo. = 17 12

The large capital letters are to be read thus : ' Paci precatio com-
posita per Tho. Crumpe A : Dom. mdccxii.

i,c. A prayer for peace composed by Thomas Crumpe in the year of our
Lord 1712,

Observe that the Roman numerals in the last line, represented by
capitals, follow in natural sequence to form the date mdccxii.

The rest of the manuscript is very curious. It consists of 26 pages
filled with 2240 closely and neatly written lines in double columns,
each line consisting of the same words varied by transposition, and of
course all bearing the same meaning. The words of the above line
giving the date are the same as those in the lines which precede it,
and correspond also with those of the 2240 lines which follow it ; there
is, however, no further chronographic purpose in the composition.

A book by Puteanus, Fietatis thaumata^ Antwerp, 161 7, contains a
similar transposition of the words,

* Tot tibi sunt dotes, Virgo quot sidera coelo,'
amounting to 1020 lines of changes.

A VOLUME of miscellaneous tracts in the Bodleian Library, Oxford,
£\ contains a series of University poems, etc., in commemoration
of Sir Thomas Bodley, coDected by Tho. Singleton, Principal of Braze-
nose College, intituled ' Justa funebria Ptolomaei Oxoniensis Thomse
Bodleii equitis aurati celebrata in Academia Oxoniensi mensis martii,
1 613, Oxoniss.' Among them are a few anagrams and chronograms.
Page 26. — On the building of the library —

j Thomas Bodlaeus miles. 1
nagram. -j g^g^i-^g jjj^ j^^^g Domos. j

Then follow six lines of epigram, concluding thus —
Has sedes, haec tecta, Domos has tile beatus
Condidit, hsec Matri reddidit ille suae.
C. W. Joannensis.
Moerens ponebat inchoante Anno quo
thoMas boDLeIVs reLIqVIt terras. = 1613

Page 27. — In obitum clariss : Tho : Bodleii Anno 1612.
Chronogramma.
LIqVIt boDLeiVs^ terraM : forte requiris = 161 2

Annum, fata dabant quem tria verba notant.
i,e. Bodley left the earth : perchance you may want to know the year^ the
Fates gave that which the three words indicate,

^ Sir Thomas Bodley died in 161 2. This chronogram makes 161 2, one letter I is not
counted. The discrepancy with the foregoing may be explained by the note at page 24, supra.

ENGLAND— WILLIAM CAMDEN

n>««« .AT A«o^nT« / Thomas Bodleius \
[Page 36.] Anagram. I Qj^ ^^.^ ^^^^ ^^j^^ |

Oh bis musa dolet sacro astra petente patrono.
Bis, duo sint oculi cannina, Musa dolet
Chronogram. — aCaDeMIa oXonIensIs. = 1613

Anno Dom. mdcxiii.
Maxima quse subiit Bodleii funere damna,
Tempus eam fas est commemorare necis.

In the same volume is a tract, — *Oxoniensis academiae funebre
officium, etc. [in honour of Queen Elizabeth], Oxonias, 1603', by
various members of the university. At page 98 is * Chronogramma
in annum Christi in quo juxta communem computationem Anglias
serenissima princeps Elisabetha moriebatur.'

MorIens Deo fLoret eLIsa. = 1602

Then follows a page of verse in which again occurs the chronogram.

WILLIAM CAMDEN, the English antiquary, Clarencieux king-
at-arms, author of Britannia^ etc., does not appear to have
puDlisHed any chjonograms, although he went very near to the subject
in the collection of anagrams, etc. etc., in his Remaines concerning
Britain, In the Lambeth Palace Library is the original print of a tract
(bound up in a volume, press-mark III. d. 10.), intituled Camdeni
Insignia^ Oxoniss, 1624, small 4% no pagination. It contains, inter
alia^ a Latin ode, * Nuncius chronogrammaticus de obitu V. C. Gul:
Camdeni, Clarentii,' etc. The following is the eighth line : —

CaMDenVs HlsTORliE patronVs, heV ! fVIt. == 1623

and this follows shortly afterwards,

CaMDenVs fVIt ? heV ! patron Vs ille

noster, hIstorLeq: Lux Britannas. - = 1623

Camdenus fuit ? o sinistra, scaeva, etc. etc.

At the conclusion of the ode is this — ' Aliud chronostichon, diem
indicans et annum quo obiit Camdenus, viz., ix° Novemb: ciddcxxiii.'

HlsTORliE eCCe IVbar LVX et prsCLara VetVst^*

CLarentIVs, VItA seneX

NONO noVeMbrIs eXIIt.
i,e. Behold the sunshine and thi distinguished light of ancient history^
Clarencieux^ old in life. He died on the i)th of November.

Another * chronogramma ' in the same tract —
CaMDenVs pIVs seneX obIIt.
and another,

CaMDenVs eXIIt k VIta.

= 1623

= 1623
= 1623

^ The word in the original is ' Britannae/ a manifest error, as it would make the daie
1614. I have adopted the word * Vetusta* from another version of the same chronogram
in the book lastly above quoted ; the word makes the right date.

ENGLAND^LORD MA YOR OF LONDON, 35

Camden founded the professorship of ancient history at the Uni-
versity of Oxford in the year 1622; the foregoing chronograms are
repeated in the preface to a book published in 1691 — Camdeni et
Ulustrium virorum epistolce^ where the following is also to be found,
marking the circumstance —

ANNO HlsTORliE VItaM sI qVIs DonaVerIt hIC est. = 1622
i.e. In ihisyear^ if any one shall have given life to history y it is he.

He died at the age of seventy-two. The prebend of Ilfracombe,
belonging to the Cathedral of Salisbury, was given to him though a
layman. He was head-master of Westminster School in 1592, and
Clarencieux king-at-arms in 1597.

Printed broadsides in British Museum (C. 20. f.).

FUNERAL elegy on the death of that worthy Mayor [of London]
Edward Grey. A set of Latin verses ending thus —

strenWs et eXpertVs MaIor grey CaDIt et eXpIraVIt. = 1644
i.e. The active and experienced Mayor Grey fallsy and has breathed his
last.

C^hronicum Epitaphium (British Museum, C. 20. f.) on Robert
Devereux, Earl of Essex, who died 14th September 1646, commences
thus —

VIIbrIs qVatVorDenA faCe soLe CaDente,

oCCVfeViT CeLebrIs, PRiESTANS esseXIVs heros. = 1646

(Signed) Joh: Sictor.
i.e. On i/^h September ^ in the afternoon^ the illustrious hero Essex died.

JcLpitaphium Honorabilis et prudentissimi viri, Domini Johannis
Wameri, etc., Lord Mayor of London, who died 27th October 1648.
This chronogram follows after ten Latin verses —

MortWs hoC anno Warner Vs ConsVL In Vrbe,

LVCe qVater septenA oCtobrIs noCte prIore. = 1648

iEvietemi monumenti loco moerens posuit

Joh: Sictor, Exul Bohemus.
i.e. Warner^ the Lord Mayor^ died this year in the city on the night
before the 2Sth day of October. J. Sidor^ a Bohemian exile^ puts this
with grief in the place of an eternal monument.

This is followed, on the next sheet, by ' An elegy on the timely
death of John Warner, late Lord Mayor of the citie of London,' It
consists of about 170 lines of low abuse against him, and is signed
John Warner, junior, Nov^u 17, 1648. The funeral seems to have
been on the previous day.

THE following I obtained from the Bodleian Library, Ashmole
MS. 36, foL 278 — ' Chronogramma generosi et egregii infantis,

36 ENGLAND-^LILLY THE ASTROLOGER.

Robert! Wallope Armigeri, nati Farlese in agro Southantoniensi,
Anno Dn. 1652, die 20 Febniarii, hori 10 ante meridiem.

VICeno febrVI natVs VVaLLope robebtVs

eXCeLLens PATRliE fLore CoLVMna sVa = 1653

ue, Robert Wallope^ bom on the 20th of February^ a pillar qf his
country y distinguished by the ornament of its capital.

The date should be written i6sf. See note to the Charles i.
chronograms, page 24, supra,

THE following was sent to me from the Bodleian Library; it
occurs in ms. Bodl. 73, foL 189 b, in an epitaph ^on Jacobus
Hoorwer, Carmelite prior —
nVnC IaCIo hIC CherMeL dVX ego qVI VIgVI. = 149 1

John Bale adds : ' Iste versus comprehendit annum mortis ejus.'
\scil, 1480.] The epitaph was doubtless contemporary.

There is some discrepancy here: the chronogram does indeed
comprise the date of his death 1480, but it gives a further date of
eleven years. The letter d is not counted

1650
1650

T FIND the following in the Bodleian, ms. Ashmole 240. fol. 211,
J^ a volume of astrological calculations and letters relating to
William Lilly the astrologer —

Chronogrammata in annum Sesquimillesimum sesquicentesimum
Astronomo peritissimo GULIELMO LILLY zxoico meo intimo.
Utitur his sapiens, sanctus dominabitur astris^
Pronus et intentus sensibus, his patitur.

The wise make use of Starrs, Saintes over-ruel,
Tis sensuall fooles that feeles just influence cruell.

Me Do CeL6. Aliud. Mens Deo Ccetera Letho. < ^

Chronograrama purum.

VI VIYI ILLIMI VIXI, DIXL « 1650

Aliud. VI VIVI VIDI, VICI, MI VIXL ^ 1650

Then follow three lines in the Hebrew language which are desig-
nated Xpovoypafifiara Bcmi. The first is from Proverbs xxvi. 17;
the second from Job xxxviiL 31; the third i Chron. xxix. i. With
a further ' Rabbinica,' having somewhat this meaning : * For it is no
praise that they call thee wise, the work is not thine, saith God.' The
BIS.* concludes with the writer's name thus —

Dante CaroLo geDDeo. = 1650

Done by CharLes CEDDk. == 1650

It is to be remarked that the ' Chronogramma purura' is so
designated because all the letters are counted ; it is a jingling sdlitera-
tion of words, an evident sacrifice of sense to chronographic require-
ment It may, however, be thus translated : By the unadulterated
power of the living (God) I have lived, I have spoken. By that living
power I have conquered, I have lived to myself

ENGLAND. 37

N,B, — My learned translator has evidently been severely exer-
cised by his tasky and he affects to know of more in the manuscript
than any one else has seen ; for he adds —

HAS NOT ChARLeS GEDDk DONE? = 165©

HOPE ChARLES GEDDk HAS DONE I = 1650

HAS CharLes GEDDk Done? = 1650

MY friend, Rev. Walter Begley, found the following in a volume
of various laudatory verses on the accession of King James
the First—

regeM Dat sCotIa brItannIs. = 1603

ue, Scotland gives a king to Britain.

I conclude this group of English chronograms with one involving
the date of this present year. It was sent to me by Mr. C. W.
Wilshere, having been composed by him for a hunting-lodge in
process of erectioa in one of the shires.

aVbte . aMICI .

eDIte . bIbIte .

hILares . VIVIte . }• = 1882

In . paCe . VenIte .

In . paCe . abIte .
i.€. Welcome O friends^ eat^ drinky live merrily^. Come inpeace^ and in
pe^te depart

MARLBOROUGH'S CAMPAIGNS.

HE early career of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough,
is marked by some historians as one of insincerity and
treachery towards his employers James li. and William
of Orange. The latter especially held him in suspicion,
and treated him with determination and caution ; he
nevertheless recommended Marlborough as the most capable man to
lead the arms and direct the councils of his successor Queen Anne,
who appointed him to the command of the allied forces in the
war of the Spanish Succession. The military operations conducted
by Marlborough compelled the French to retreat from the Dutch
territory and frontier. He afterwards, in 1704, boldly marched into
Germany at the head of the English troops, and formed a junction
with the Imperialists on the Danube, where, with Prince Eugene of
Savoy, he gained the battle of Blenheim. In 1706 he gained the
battle of Ramilies, and set free the whole of Spanish Flanders. In
1708 the enemy attempted to regain that territory, which led to the
complete defeat of the French forces at Oudenarde. Campaigns
were carried on during the next three years with final success against
the French. The events of the period were commemorated by
numerous medals, from which a few chronograms are gathered, and
a few more are obtained from other sources, indicating the victories
gained by him and Prince Eugene in the Netherlands and Germany.

A medal on the capitulation of Bonn, besieged by the Duke of
Marlborough and the allied forces, bears this chronogram date : —
sIC loNE DoMata feroCI. = 1703

MARLBOROUGH'S CAMPAIGNS, 39

And this hexameter and pentameter verse —

UT TONUS EVERTIT TUBARUM MOENIA QUONDAM
SICQ: TONANS COEHORN, MOENIA BONNA TUA.

i,e. Thus is the town tamed by fierce fire^

As the sound of trumpets once threw down walls \i,e, Jericho] thus also

the thundering coehorn overthrew thy walls^ O Bonn,

General Coehorn commanded the Dutch troops, and the expres-
sion * tonans coehorn ' alludes to a piece of artillery invented by him,
and named after him.

A medal on the victory of 'Hochstet' (or Blenheim) on 13th
August, gained by Marlborough, Eugene, and Lewis William of Baden;
Tillard, the Marshal of France, with many officers and 10,000 soldiers,
was taken prisoner — the French and Bavarians were totally defeated.
Defensa fortIter Contra gaLLos et boIoarIos gerManIa. = 1704
Le, Germany valiantly defended against the French and Bavarians,

Another medal on the same victory —
Der sItzet an Der hoChsten statt, hats feInDes LIst

GETILgeT. 16. AUG. =s 1704

i,e. He who is seated in the highest place has frustrated the stratagem of
the enemy.

Another on the battle of * Hochstadt * —

FERREA FERRE FEROX TaLLarD ! nVnC VInCVLA DIsCaS ;

VInCant VLtores angLVs et eVgenIVsI = 1704

Le, O Tallard^ fierce to wield weapons I now mayest thou experience the
fetters; may England and Eugene the avengers conquer thee.

The portrait of Prince Eugene, engraved by Peter Schenck, has
around it these legends —

eVgenIVs sabaVDIVs tVrInVM eX gaLLIae serVItVte
LIberat . MDCcvi. = 1706

InsVLaM FLANDRliE CapIt. mdccviii. = 1708

i,e, Eugene of Savoy liberates 7\trin from the dominion of France, He
takes Lille in Flanders,

Portrait of Marlborough, also engraved by Schenck, has around it
this inscription —

gaLLosqVe tIMIDos repeLLIt . mdccviii. = 1708

i,e. He also drives back the timid Frenchmen,

A medal bearing on obverse the bust of Queen Anne, on the
victory over the French at Oudenarde, gained by Marlborough,
Eugene, and Overkirk, The latter commanded the Dutch troops, and
died of hardships and old age during this campaign — A

HiEC feCerVnt hI tres arMIpotentes DeI. 2. SAM : 23. = 1708
Le, These things did these three mighty men of God, — 2 Samuel^ chapter 23
i^see verses 8 /(^ 16).

40 MARLBOROUGirS CAMPAIGNS.

Verses composed to the Duke of Marlborough at Nuremberg, on
his way to Vienna in 1705, are thus dated — Ra,

DUX De MarLLborVCh. = 1705

victoria venit a soLo Deo et MarLborVCho. s= 1705

ue. The Duke of Marlborough. Victory comes by God alone^ and
Marlborough,

A medal on the victory of Oudenarde and capture of Lille, and
the defeat of the French. The citadel did not surrender until the
9th of December — A

In gaLLos VarIas DabIt aDenarDa Coronas. = 1708

rUOIENTIBVS ex VATICINIO GALLIS victoria PARTA.il . JVL. 1708.

i>. Oudenarde will give various crowns {wreaths or garlatids) against
the French, According to a prophecy a victory gained by the flight of the
French^ 2d July 1708.

On the reverse is a representation pf the citadel of Lille (Ryssel
in the Flemish language), and this inscription —
In oDenarDer sIeg besteht, Dass rysseL fort noCh VIeL A

WEGGEHT. ^5 2^} 1708 = 1708

i,e. The victory of Oudenarde brings with it the capture of Lille,

And on the edge of the same medal is — A

eVgenIe et MarLbroI DeLetIs foenora gaLLI. = 1708

i,e, Eugene and Marlborough^ you deprive France of her conquests,

A medal bearing the portrait of Louis xiv. of France seems to have
been struck more in satire than compliment to him, represents a lily
plant, the emblem of France being struck on the other side by
lightning. It alludes to the battle of Tasniers in Flanders, in which
the French were completely defeated on nth September 1709. It
bears this chronogram, a remarkable one because every letter is a
numeral — A

LILICIDIVM.1 = 1709

i,e. The slaughter of the lily.

A further inscription follows, meaning, *The French fled at
Tasniers in the year above named, on i ith September.'

On the taking of Lille, alluding to the armorial badge of the city ;
attributed to the Marshal de Villars — Sc.

LILIVM CaDIt. i.e, LiUe falls. = 1708

On the taking of Toumay (the v counts as 11) — Sc.

toUrnaY CaDeDIs est DonC prIs. = 1708

^ Lilicidium {see Index\ This word is also the title of an epic poem mentiooed at a
subsequent page.

MARLBOROUGirS CAMPAIGNS,

A German medal referring to Queen Anne of England, and the
war against Louis xiv. of France. — 24th March — G

ANNA terIt peLago phVI granDeM CLasse brItanna = 1708

Le, See haw Anne thr<ishes the great \Louis le grand?] by the British
navy at sea.

A medal (see Plate i) on the alliance of Queen Anne of England
with Germany, in the war with France. The reverse bears a harp,
and this inscription to give the date —
DVLCe MeLos VnIta sonat. = 171 1

A book, Histoire des MkdaiUes (relating to the campaigns of 1708
and 1709), by Nicolas Chevalier, Utrecht 17 11. A small 4to. vol.
pp. 115. At the end of the volume is the following— ^

Chaos votivum quod serenissimae et potentissimse principi Annoe
Magnse Britannias, Franciae et Hibemiae Regince^ Inter tot millium
applausus sacrum esse gestit Regise majestatis suae humillissimus
servus Christoporus Augustus Laemmermann, Noric : Anno quo
perDoMItVs beLLo LILIger hostIs erat. = 1709

i.e. The lily bearing enemy {France) was vanquished by war.

Cabbala.
Da Themis ac mundi dominans vigor Anna rotundi.

abcdefghik

'■34 567 89 xo

Clavis naturalis est.
lmnopqr s

90 30 40 50 60 70 80 go

T V W X Y Z.

zoo aoo 300 400 500 600.

Demonstratio.

D 4

T 100

A I

M 30

D 4

v 200

A I

R 80

A I

H 8

c 3

v 200

0 50

I 9

N 40

0 50

E S

n 40

M 30

G 7

N 40

T TOO

M 30

D 4

I 9

0 50

A I

v 200

I 9

N 40

R 80

N 40

s 90

A I

N 40

s 90

D 4

I 9

Summa 5

242

283

264

346

483

242

Ex additis hisce

283

264

346

nur

neris conficitur

483

An 1709 nus.

42 MARLBOROUGirS CAMPAIGNS,

THEMIDI ATqVe BELLONiE BRlTANNliB SaCeR. = 1709

i,e. Sacred to the statesman and warrior of Britain.

Exegesis.

AUrea nunc Mundo rursus se Secula produnt,

Ex Pax Europae sape petita redit I
Nam quibus emicuit Galli, mox occidit, Undis

Sol, Radiosque minus spargit in Orbe suos,
Ac, Debellatio cum strage pericla minatus,

Impositum reliquis jam subit ipse Jugum
Jungere quae Regnis sine Caede et Sanguine Regna

Noverat, et placidis nectere Sceptra mod is ;
ANNA simul didicit Gentes frenare superbas,

Et Sociis tandem reddere rapta suis.
Haec EADEM SEMPER Communia Jura tuetur ;

Bellona est, Themis est, mille Trophaea locat.
Maturate fugam Galli, concedite Laurum,

In Vos ne Coeli Poena luenda mat :
Sit Ludo Victus Ludovicus ; fortiter Ipsum

Lux^ domet AnglorUm, Gloria^ Robur^ Idem I

atqVe Ita Verb, DeMpta IpsI VbIqVe fInI, VIVat, VIgeat,
Vegetet, VInCat, VaLeat. = 1709

Almum Numinis Naturaeque Artificium !

* Anagramma illustrissimi Tituli.

DUX ET MYLORD MARLEBOROUG.

typIs traJectI DesCrIptVM. = 1709

The above verses are printed as in the original; the capital letters are certainly not
Roman numerals, nor do they seem to have any numerical value with reference to the
cabbala. The words in italics will not work as an anagram with those of ' Dux et myloid
Marieboroug.' The whole is indeed a ' chaos.'

HOLLAND.

OCAL circumstances have been but sparingly commem-
orated by chronograms inscribed on pubh'c buildings
in the territory of Holland, as it is now represented on
the map of Europe. The few which I have collected
in that country, and some others of a miscellaneous
character, are comprised in the following group.

The historical chronograms relating to Holland are so much
associated with those of the Netherlands generally, that I have placed
them in another group, comprising a more extended recognition of
an eventful period both in local and European history, on which
chronogram^maker3 have exercised their ingenuity.

Taking first the chief city, Amsterdam, I find on the front of a
well-known book-shop, Muller's * Bibliopolium,' No. lo Kalverstraat —

*
DVM terItVr Cos LIteratIs VsYI et LIterIs prosIt bonIs.= 1728
/>. Whilst the whetstone is wearing away^ ii may he of use to learned
men and good learning.

Perhaps an allusion to Horace, De artepoetic&y verse 304 : — * There-
fore I will serve instead of a whetstone, which, though not able of itself
to cut, can make steel sharp.'

The Athenceum for 15th January 1881, announces — < Antiquaries
and students of Dutch history will regret to learn that Mr. Frederick
Muller of Amsterdam, publisher, bookseller, and author of a large and
elaborate catalogue of Dutch historical engravings, to illustrate the
history of his country by means of the prints which are contemporary
with the events they describe, died on the 4th instant at Amsterdam,
aged 63. Mr. Muller was well known in London, Paris, Brussels,
Berlin, and at home. He had a great knowledge of the literature of
geographical discovery.'

44 HOLLAND— LEYDEN,

Epitaph on the Dutch poet Vondel, in the New Church at
Amsterdam. A.

VIr phoebo et MVsIs gratVs VonDeLIVs hIC est. = 1679

ue. Here lies Vondel^ a man dear to Apollo and the Muses,

John Hudde, mathematician, and magistrate of Amsterdam. Ra.

CoNsVL aqVIs pVrIs ornaVIt hVDenIVs VrbeM. = 1689

ue. The magistrate Hudde has provided the city with pure water.

Medal to Nicolas Tulp. A

n.tVLp aMsterD: Cos: IIII. senator annIs qVInqVagInta. =s 167a
i.e. Nicolas Tulp, four times burgomaster of Amsterdam^ and senator fifty

years.

Medal to another burgomaster of Amsterdam. A

konraDVs beVnIngIVs seXtVM ConsVL. = 1687

i,e, Conrad van Beuningen^ burgomaster for the sixth time.

The following hexameter verse was copied by Mr. Henry Camp-
kin a few years ago from the front of a church at Amsterdam : —

qUae fUIt a saeCLIs sUb sIgno MoYsIs et aaron
STAT saLVatorI renoVata ILLUstrIor aeDes. = 1838

Le, The house which was for a long period under the standard of Moses
and Aaron, now stands more illustrious^ restored to the service of the
Saviour, The y counts as 11 = 2.

The following is over the entrance door of the Town Hall at
Leyden.

NA 'zWarte hVngersnoot

gebraCht had tot de doot

bInaest zes d'VIzent MensChen,

aLs 't god den heer Verdroot

GAF hI Vns VVeder BROOT, 5|C

zo VeeL WICVnsten VVensChen. =5 1574

i.e. When the black famine had brought to death nearly six th^ousafid
persons^ then God the Lord repented of it^ and gave us bread again as
much as we could wish.

This inscription refers to the siege of Leyden by the Spaniards in
1574. It consists of 131 letters indicating the number of days the
siege lasted. All the letters d, seven in number, are not counted in
the date.

I n the great church, Haarlem, may be seen this concluding part
of an epitaph to the memory of the wife of Mr. .

HOLLAND— INUNDATIONS, 45

qVa ferVs InnoCVos IVgVLarat LVCe pVeLLos 5|<:

reX, heV fataLIs LVXIt et Ipsa MIhL = 1572

i>. On what day the savage king had slaughtered innocent babes^ alas
also that very day dawned fatal to me.

Alluding to the murder of the Innocents on the 28th of
December, in the Calendar. The inscription contains no date in
figures.

in the great church at Haarlem is the following : —
sooD HONGER sLe Chsgeen shIIdaen bood, :i|c

LIChttspaens ChgeVVeLd Van haerLeM VLood. = 1573

This is painted on the back of a screen containing the ten com-
mandments, and put up in the place originally occupied by the high
altar. I am told that it is difficult to translate. Observe the date
1573 is that of the revolt against Spain. The chronogram is faulty,
because all the letters d, five in number, are not counted.

In the great church at Gouda, part of the inscription on a large
mural monument — 5|c

anno: bInsVeLtInVs eqVes beVorVM fILIa ConIV^ = 1245

beverningiadvm nomen et arli^a dabant,

The meaning of these lines is obscure ; it woul^ seetn that the
deceased knight derived his name and arms through his wife, dating
from 1245. A further inscription in Dutch contains also the date
1590, the probable date of the monument.

At Delft, on the front of the town-haU— ^

DeLphensIVM CVrIa reparata, =s 1662

i,e. The house of assembly of the people of Delft was repaired.

At Moerdyk over the door of a recently erected church — 5|c

sVb pathoCInIo s: stephanI Deo aLtIssIMo ConseCror, = i860
i,e. Under the patronage of St. Stephen, to the mo^t high God I am
consecrated,

A terrible inundation in Holland towards the end of the year
1570, has been commemorated by the following chronogram taken
from Bizot's *Histoire,' etc., edition 1690.
trIstIa proh ! serI LVgebVnt fata nepotes. Aa

TERRA FERk MeDIo VISA NATARE FRETO. =s 1570

Likewise the following : —
Nos neVeVX, Ie CroI, pLeVreront,
LoRsqV'VN IoVr on LIra nos trsItes DestIn^s.

NOS TERRES SERONT INOND^ES, Aa

VoILa qUeLs bIens, heLasI aLors ILs troUVeront. = 1570

i,e, Alas^ our remote posterity will bewail the sad fate. The land is seen
abnosi to float in the middle of the ocean.

Our posterity y I think, will weep when some day they will read of
our sad history ; our lands will be flooded, what possessions, aicts / will
they then find?

46 HOLLAND— INUNDATIOJSIS.

This very destructive inundation is described in Motley's '.History of
the Rise of the Dutch Republic/ part 3, chapter 3, with these conclud-
ing words, * It was estimated that at least twenty thousand persons
were destroyed in the province of Friesland alone. Throughout the
Netherlands one hundred thousand persons perished. The damage
done to property, the number of animals engulphed in tlie sea, were
almost incalculable.'

Disaster, through decay and flood, is recorded in a book, 'Theatrum
sive HoUandise comitatus et urbium nova descriptio.' By Marcus
Zuerius Boxhomius. Amsterdam, 1632, 4*. At page 15, the town of
Verona (Latin) vulgo Vroonen, in Friesland, is mentioned as having
been the principal locality for trade, but *now in its tomb,' —

* scarcely a mound exists of that which was the mother of Friesland.*
The event was noted by this chronogram of the date, probably made
many years subsequently thereto.

eCCe CadIt Mater FRlsIiS. = 1303

ue. Behold the metropolis of Friesland falls.

The D is not counted. The old map shows the position of the
town on a lake eastward of Alcmar. In the first half of the 13th
century great inundations took place, and the Zuider Zee came into
existence ; the fall or destruction of Vroonen may be attributed to
some natural causes consequent on that event

It is further related, at page to8 of the same book, that a terrible
inundation happened in 142 1, on the day of St. Elizabeth, in the
locality of Dordrecht, by which seventy-two villages with most of their
inhabitants were destroyed.^ The cause of the disaster seems to have
been — that a diploma or licence was granted for the formation of a

* canal,' and through neglect of needful precaution about the works, and
the occurrence qf a sievere storm, the sea broke through the barriers
and deluged the country, which, like inost parts of Holland, was below
the sea level. In memory and execration of the * Diploma' these
verses were afterwards made : —

* Perdidit hoc diploma homines, armenta, gregesque,
S^ptuaginta duos pagos et florida rura,'
Also this qh^onostichon (the d is not counted) —
WIeLdreCht MaCh Water beCLagen. = 142 1

The historian finds also this verse in the vernacular —
tWee entseVentICh dorpen synderMet sneLder spoet

ONTRENT DORDReChT ONDER GHEGAEN DOOR DE HOOChTE DES
VLOET. = 142 1

There is also this Latin chronogram verse —
dVrdreChto InCVbVIt Vis atroX InCIta VentIs
Vrb.s qVa dIssILVIt pjiotInVs haVsta MarI. = 1421

i,e. Fierce force impelled by the winds fell on Dordrecht^ by which the
city burst asunder straightway engulphed in the sea.

In neither of the foregoing chronograms are the letters d counted.

1 The names of all the villages are afterwards given, with a statement that more than
one hundred thousand persons perished.

HOLLAND— INVENTION OF PRINTING. 47

At page 155 of the same book is an ode in praise of Haarlem, and on
the invention of printing by Lawrence Coster, containing these lines towards
the end —

Harlemense Nemus doceat, doceantque Napaeae,
Et Fagutali numina sacra Jovi,
hIC fago eXsCVLptas LaVrentI CVspIde forMas. = 1428

£t primiim natos h)c simul esse typos.
Le, Let the grove of Haarlem teach, let the dell-nymphs teach, and the
deities sacred to Jupiter Fagutalis, that here letters were first engraved
on beech-wood by the tool of Lcnvrence, and that this was the birthplace
of printing.

Then follow some verses and remarks on the invention of printing,
concluding with this: * chronostichon anni mccccxx, circa quem artem
Typographicam primum excogitatum fuisse, vero nobis fit simile/

ARS typographICa

LaVrentIo Costero = 1420

CIVe harLeMensI
InVenta
est.

/>. The typographic art was discovered by Lawrence Coster, a citizen
of Haarlem,

It is to be gathered from the Narrative in the book quoted, that
Coster discovered the method of printing from letters and figures
made of wood blocks thus : — While reposing one day in a wood near
Haarlem, he, in the mere idleness of the moment, cut some letters
backwards on a bit of beech-wood, when it occurred to him to take
off the impression in some way as from a seal, for the amusement of
his daughter's children. Improving on the idea, he afterwards, with
the help of Thomas Peterson, their father, succeeded in forming a
thick glutinous kind of ink, and with these materials was accustomed
to make them little books containing pictures and their explanations.
Thus he seems to have carried the invention as far as the making of
block-books. There has been, and ever will be, much dispute about
the invention ; it has been fairly attributed to Coster.

In the appendix is the epitaph of Peter Hogerbetius, in a monas-
tery at Alcmar, containing this verse to mark the date —

CondItor aLte MIChI da LatI prospera CceLI. = 1455

Le, O Almighty Maker I give me favourable hope in the wide-spread
heavens.

A BOOK, by I* van der Bosch, * Tooneel des Oorlogs — in de
Nededanden,' * Amsterdam 1675, mentions the following
chronograms among the public decorations of the city of Utrecht,
on the conclusion of a peace in 1673, at a time when the fortune of

* The Theatre of War in the Netherlands.

48 HOLLAND— UTRECHT,

war was favourable to the French, and to Romish influences ; a suc-
cess, however, of but short duration. The first was on the front of a
wine-merchant's house, in St. James Kerk-hof, combined with the
arms of France and gilded eagles : —

Id LVDoVICVs trIVMphat. = 1673

ue. Hurrah I Louis XIV, triumphs.

The next were on the front of a hotel called Walvisch, in the
Lynmarkt, with a representation of Christ on the cross.
In MvsterIo InsangVIneo hoDIe reCoLItVr passIo. = 1667

i.e. In the bloodless mystery to-day is renewed the Passion.

It was accompanied by these verses —

O Salutaris Hostia i.e. O saving Victim, in whom France

In qua confidit Francia trusts, the only hope of the faithful,

Spes unica fidelium give us thy power, preserve the Lily

Da Robur, serva Lilium. [France].

No reason is given for the date made by the chronogram. It is
possibly an error, but so in the original.

VotIVa soLeMnItas InVIDIa obstInatos frangIt HiERETlCos. = 1673

InVItI pLaVDIte nVMInI HiERExICI. = 1673

The meaning is obsciure, beyond an expression of bitter feeling
towards certain heretics.

BELGIUM.

HIS group consists of chronograms collected at the several
places, or derived from printed authority, and partaking
more of the local than the historical character. They
belong to the country now known as Belgium, or at an
earlier period the Netherlands. The marks over the

marginal dates are explained by reference to the ' Bibliography ' in

another part of this volume.

In the Grande Place at Brussels, on the fronts of two of the guild-houses

which had been rebuilt after a conflagration. The inscription is partly

damaged.

qVas fUror hostILIs sUbVerterat IgnIbUs icDES sartor ... 5|c

restaUrat PRiEsIDIfiUs qUe DICat. = 1697

uc. The house which hostile rage destroyed by fire, the tailor [name

obliterated] restores and dedicates to the presidents [of the guild].

On the other house, at its summit —
CoMbUsta InsIgnIor resUrreXI eXpensIs . U . lANiE if.
GUILDiE. = 1697

i,e. Being burnt I have arisen more distinguished, at the expense of
the . . . guild.

The house is surmounted by a phoenix. The inscription is difficult
to read.

1 he Maison du Roi in the Grande Place was restored, and a statue
of the Virgin was put up by the Infanta Isabella, with the following
inscription, which, however, has disappeared through the present
rebuilding of the house : —

50 . BELGIUM— ANTWERP.

A peste fame et bello libera nos Maria pacis.

hIC VotVM paCIs pVbLICae eLIsabeth ConseCraVIt. = 1625

ue. From pestilence Jamine and war^ O Mary of Peace^ deliver us. Here
Elisabeth {Isabella) has consecrated a vow of public peace.

Over the door of a modern chapel, in the Boulevard de Waterloo — *
eXCeLso DeVoVeor ConseCratUM. = 1875

ue. Consecrated^ lam dedicated to the Most High.

On some damask napkins, mentioned in ' Notes and Queries ' as
having been procured at Brussels, this inscription is interwoven with
the pattern — Y

sIgnUM paCIs DatUr LoRlC-ffi. = 1763

i.e. The signal of peace is given to the warrior.

It relates to the peace proclaimed between England and France
in 1763. The napkins were probably a gift on the occasion to some
public functionary*

Church of St. Carlo Borromeo at Antwerp. On the woodwork
over the west door : the church had been partly destroyed by fire — 5|c

MARliE DICata eX CInere restItVor. = 1719

i.e. Dedicctted to Mary : lam restored from the ashes.

Under a statue, on the right side of the west portal — 5|<:

sanCtI CaroLI prIstInVs DeCor reDDItVs. = 1865

i.e. The pristine elegance of Saint Charles restored.

Under a statue, on the left side of same portal — 9f:

sanCte CaroLe BORRoMiEE tIbI fIDeLes. = 1803

i.e. O Saint Charles Borromeo^ to theCy faithful.

On a stone tablet in the centre of the west front —
ChrIsto Deo VIrgInI DElPARiE beato IgnatIo LoIoI..^
soCIetatIs aVthorI senatVs popVLVsqVe antVerpIensIs 5|c
pVbLICo et prIVato jere ponere VoLVIt. 162 i

i.e. To Christ Gody to the God-bearing virgin^ to the blessed Ignatius of
the Society of Loyola the author^ the senate and people of Antwerp^ by public
and private money ^ has decreed this to be put up.

At the comer of a street at Antwerp, inscribed under a figure of
the Virgin affixed to a house — if

MarIe La gLoIre De Cette nobLe Clxt = 1853

i.e. Mary, the glory of this noble city.

iVt the bottom of a large stained glass window in the nave of
Antwerp Cathedral, put up by a brewer whose name, etc., is inscribed
on the glass, together with this chronogram —

BELGIUM— ANTWERP. 5/

^ D. O. M. regIn^ CceLI CceLIs gaVDentIbVs regIo sVo *
soLIo IMposIXiE. = 1873

i,e. To the queen ofheavefty the heavens themselves rejoicings placed upon
her royal throne.

The date 1873 is also added.

In the Church of St. Andrew, on the pedestal of a statue of St.
Peter—

D. O. M. et Beato Petro Apostolo. -^

reCorDantI VerbI et aMare fLentI = 1658

ac pise memorise Petri Suboth [&c.] obiit 7 Julii anno
predicto, &c. &c.

i.e. To the omnipotent great God^ and the blessed Peter the apostle recollect-
ing the word and weeping bitterly ^ and to the pious memory of Peter
Subothy etCy who died Tth/uly in the year aforesaid^ etc.
Meaning the year expressed by the chronogram.

In the same church, over an altar in the north aisle —
DIVa sIt nobIs perpetVa VIrgo MarIa patroCInIo et >|«:
VICtorI/e. = 1729

i,e. May the divine perpetual Virgin Mary be to us protection and
victoty.

In St Jacques Church, Antwerp, part of the inscription on a
tombstone, in the floor of the north aisle of choir — >|c

geLeIt Voor De saLIge geDaChtensIs Der zIeLen. = 1759

i.e. Put for the blessed memory of the souls of etc. etc,

Jean Ferdinand de Beuchem, bishop of Antwerp, died 1699, and
was buried in the cathedral, where his epitaph was put up containing
these words —

' Gregi suo et omnibus charus, ut verus pastor, cura
DUXiT, charitate juvit, opere luxit, qui vivens de se
humiliter tacuit, loquatur mortuus £b

CVM DVXI IWI LVXL' = 1699

i,e. Dear to his own flock and to all^ as a true pastor^ by care he led^ by
charity he helped^ by work he shone ; who whilst living was humbly
silent about himself nfiw being dead he saysy When lied, Ihelpedy I shone.
Observe that ail the letters of the chronogram are numerals.

John MirsBUs, fourth Bishop of Antwerp, died 161 1, and was
buried in the cathedral; his epitaph is said to contain these chrono-
grams— Be
NON ConfVnDar In aternVM. Psalm 30. = 161 1
sic abeVnDVM. = 16 11
DoMInVs VoCat. = 161 1

5 2 BEL GIUM^INUNDA TIONS.

inundation at Antwerp on St Elizabeth's day 1320 — Be

ELISABETH SiEViT, Mare CreVIt hoLLandIa fLeVIt.* = 1320

i>. Elizabeth was angry, the water increased^ Holland wept.

The letter d is not counted.

Another in 1462 — Be

sChaLda CresCIt, ager et rVs oMne paVesCIt.^ = 1462

i.e. The Scheld increases, the land and all the country becomes alarmed
The letter d is not counted.

The damage suffered by the people of Antwerp in 1532 is dated
by this hexameter and pentameter verse —

qVot CLades peCorI, VICIs, MortaLIbVs atro Be

soLa parat peLago Vis, parIt Vna dIes.^ = 1532

i.e. How much destruction to cattle, villages, and mortals, the sole power

of dark water produces, and one day brings forth.
The two letters d are not counted..

i he traveller Philip Skipton saw at Antwerp m 1663 the usual
annual procession of the bishop, clergy, monks, all the trades, etc.
etc. Many emblematical decorations were carried by them, the first
a great ship, on one side whereof was inscribed this verse —

VInCVLa QViE IMposVIt sCaLDI beLLona reLaXat
paX, IgItVr prorIs CVrrIte, et Ite rates..
And on the other side — ► = 3218

rVrsVs eX oCCasV eX ORTV PROPERATE CARlNiS

sCaLDIs et aqVatIC/e portVs apertVs erIt.
i.e. Peace relaxes the chains which the war had imposed on the Scheld,
therefore run with your prows, O ye ships. Hasten again ye ships from
the west and from the east; the port of the watery Scheld will be opened.

* The chronograms make 32J8, which is guesaed to be the year of
the world when the giant was killed that infested this place.' This
was followed by other strange devices, and then by the giant himself
on a chariot drawn by four horses, and then by eight young giants,
four men, and four women.^

The traveller visited *the village of Lausdun, near the Hague,
famous for the burial of a Countess of Holland and her 365 children,
bom at one birth ; in the church were preserved the two brass basons

^ These might be regarded as chronograms composed at early dates, were it not that
J. B. Grammage, the learned author of AntiquitcUes Belgka (where I find them), says that
they are his own compositions. He was an. ecclesiastic of high rank, and his book was
published in 1708.

' In one of the Belgian Museums [at Bruges ?J is presented an immense stuffed figure
of a giant, formerly used in a similar annual procossioq..

BELGIUM— MALINES.

they were baptized in, and under them a Dutch and Latin inscription
printed in Hegemtius his itinerary,' and some verses commencing —
Femina adulterii rea dicta a principe partu,

And concluding —

Henricus Miroulaeus pharmacopaeus Frankenthalensis
haec cecinit et scripsit,
Magne DeVs peLLe hostes tVos \ivherefore this date i\
Le, Great Gody drive out thine enemies.

^ 1610

IN the Cathedral at Malines, over an altar in the south transept
containing the Vandyke picture —

DIViE ANNiE VIrgInIs genItrICI VIgesIMa X^ IULII ara *
posIta fUIt. = 1699

Le. To the sacred Anna^ the mother of the Virgin^ this altar was erected
the 10th July 1699.

Over the same altar are cherubs holding these date inscriptions —

sanCta anna genItrIX DsIPARiE, sis aVXILIatrIX nobIs *
oMnIbVs. =?= 1699

i.e. Saint Annay mother of the God-bearer^ mayest thou he the helper to
us all.

In the same cathedral over an altar in the north transept,, are
these date verses —
frenDet VIpra fVrens genItrIX sIne Labe trIVMphat if.

In genIto VIta est gLorIa Vera saLVs. = 1699

i,e. The raging serpent will gnash its teeth^ the mother without a stain
triumphs. In the horn one there is life^ true glory ^ and salvation.

In the samd cathedral is the simple inscription over the high
altar, the name of the saint to whom the cathedral is dedicated — ^

sanCtUs rUMboLDUs. = 1665

In the san)e cathedral (according to a folio volume of history ij>
1734), Archbishop Andrew Creusen constructed the high altar in 1665,
and the statue of St Rombaud, with these inscriptions on the pedestal —

sanCtVs rVMoLDVs. = 1661;

rVMoLDo CrVsenVs. =5^ 1665

i.e, Creusen dedicates to Rumold.
Below this is a dedication to St. Rumold, bishop, apostle, and
martyr, patron of the church and city ; he was buried in the cathedral •

Also in the cathedral, on a scroll on the summit of the monument
of the Comte. de Soye, brother to the Archbishop — Be

InsIgnIs ConCorDIa fratrVM. = 17(^9.

i,e. The renowned concord of the brothers.

54 BELGIUM— GHENT,

In the Church of the Jesuits, which, according to the same history,
was built by Archbishop Creusen — Be

ANDREiE PRi??sVLIs MVnIfICentIa. = 1664

Le. By the generosity of Archbishop Andrew.

in the Parish Church of Notre Dame, the same history mentions
the monument of Peter Scheppers, thus inscribed —

BREVIs VlT-ffi DIES MoRTALIbVs CoNSTItVtVs QVI PRiETERlRl Be

neqVIt. = 1694

i,e. The short day of life is appointed to mortals which cannot be exceeded.

In the same church, on the front of a carved oak pulpit — *

FiLIUs MeUs DILeCtUs. = 17 18

VoCeM ILLIUs aUDIte. = 17 18
i,e. He is my beloved Son, hear ye his voice.

Jean Huachin, the second archbishop of Mechlin, died 1589, and
was interred in the cathedral. His epitaph concludes with Latin
verses, intituled, * Nemo sacrum turbet cinerem.' Lower down is this
chronogram —

PRiEsVL loANNES IaCet haC haVChInVs In Vrna Bb

CiETERA sCIre qVeVnt IpsI etIaM antipodes. = 1589

i.e. The bishop John Huachin lies in this tomby even the antipodes can
know the rest. The letter d is not counted.

JMathias Hovius, the third archbishop of Mechlin, died at the
Abbey of Affligem, and was interred in the Cathedral at Mechlin,
where his epitaph was put up, containing this chronogram — Bb

VIrtVte fVLgens, DesIIt affLIgeMI. =. 1620

i.e. Eminent in virtue he died at Affligem.

His heart was buried in the chapel of St. Croix at Affligem.

T N the Church of St. Nicholas, at Ghent, over the large picture at
I the high altar, the subject of which is the Call of St Nicholas to
the Episcopate —

UnItatIs fontI Deo Vero VIrgInI MarI^e et b. nICoLao *
offertUr. = 1678

i.e. This is presented to the true God the fountain of unity ^ to the blessed
Virgin Mary^ and to the blessed Nicolas.

In the Cathedral, Ghent, this inscription and hexameter chrono-
gram is on the frame of a picture. The Adoration of the Immaculate
Lamb, a work of great celebrity, by John and Hubert Van Eyck—

Pictor Hubertus ab Eyck, major quo nemo repetus

BELGIUM— GHENT— BR UGES.

55-

incepit : pondusque Johannes arte secundus frater per-
fecit Isetus, Judoci Vyd prece fretus. .

VersU seXta MaI Vos CoLLoCat aCta tUerI. = 1432

Le, Hubert van Eyck, a painter^ than whom a greater was never founds
began this picture, and his brother, John, next to him in art, joyfully
finished the heavy work of it^ relying on the request of Judocus Vyd.
In this verse the sixth of May places you to behold the work done.

The picture was painted in 1432. The portraits of Judocus Vyd
and his wife are on the outside of the folding panels of this celebrated
picture.

Oonceming Ghent On the cutting of a canal to the sea in 1562,
when the dike was dug through,, the fresh water flowed out above the
sea water, which remained for a time underneath, in consequence of
its greater specific gravity, whence this chronogram * from the Vulgate.' Be
dVLCIa ConCVLCant saLsedIneM. = 1562

/>. The sweet water overpowers the salt.
The letters d are not counted. The text alluded to is James iii.
ver. 1 1 and 12:* Doth a fountain send forth at the same place sweet
water and bitter? — so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh.*

AT Bruges, over the door of the old building used by the Academy
of Art— ^

Ut phcenIX eX CInere sUo brUgensIUM Dong reVIVIsCo. = 1755
i.e. As the Phoenix from its ashes, I live again through the liberality of
the people of Bruges.

The building is of the 14th century, it was restored after a fire in
175s, and then devoted to the use of the Academy.

1 he Emperor Maximilian i., notwithstanding his title to the
sovereignty of the Netherlands, was made a prisoner on 5th February
1488, at Bruges, by the citizens, together with several of the councillors,
in a house on the market-place. He had been recognised as governor
during the minority of his son, Flanders alone objecting. A treaty
was at length made, granting certain privileges, and he was liberated
after sixteen weeks* confinement. Political intrigue and treachery was
the rule in those days, and he afterwards paid but little attention to
the terms he had agreed to. This chronogram, adapted from St Mark
xvi. 6, was placed on the prison door. F

reX NGN est hIC : eCCe LgCVs VbI posVerVnt IpsVM. = 1488
i.e. The king is not here: behold the place where they put him.

S6 BELGIUM— LOUVAIN—LlkGE.

IN the Church of St. Peter, Louvain, in allusion to the death in
1606 of the celebrated antiquary, Juste Lipse, also to the destruc-
tion by fire in 1458 of the towers of the church, and by storm in 1604
of the wooden structure which replaced them. Y

oMnIa CaDVnt. = 1606

ue. All things fall.

In the same church at an altar in the nave —
DebIte VenererIs InsIgnes reLLIqUIas aLbertI MartyrIs 5|c
In oCtobrI transLatas. = 1820

Le, Mayest thou duly worship the illustrious remains of Albert the Martyr^
translated in October 1820.

In the same church, over an altar — >K

SANCTiE DeI genItrICIs MatrI saCra, = 1805

ue. Sacred to the holy mother of the mother of God?-

In the same church, on the railing before a beautiful tabernacle
or sacrament-house of carved stone— 5|c

IesU Deo-hoMInI sUb speCIe panIs hIC reaLIter LatentI. = 1818
/>. To Jesus the God-man here really hidden under the appearance of
bread.

In the same church at an altar under the statuette of a saint — ^

proteCtorI sanCto JULIano DICatUM. = 1864

i.e. Dedicated to the protector Saint Julian.

In the same church over an altar — ^

aLtare DIVo sebastIano perpetUo saCrUM. = 161 7

i.e. The altar for ever sacred to the holy Sebastian,

In the Church of St Gertrude, Louvain, on the front of the organ
gallery— *

beneDICtUs sIt DeUs In ChorDIs et organo. = 17 14

i.e. Blessed be God upon strings and upon the organ.

On the front of a house in the Grande Place, Ix)uvain — 5|c

qUIbUsDaM InVItIs gLorIosIor eX CInere ConsUrgo. = 1787
i.e. Certain persons being unwilling, I rise more glorious from the ashes.

The house had been burnt, and rebuilt in 1787, probably against
the will of certain persons.

CHURCH of Sl Bartholomew, Lifege, at the west end of the
nave, south side —
six paX UWens DatorI pIo, et ConstrUCtorI paVIMentI ^
naVIs = 1747

i.e. May peace be to Uwens, the pious donor and builder of the pavement
of the nave.

At the west end of the nave, north side — 5|c

eX MUnIfICentIa DeCanI UWens fIt stratUra In naVI. = 1747
i.e. By the munificence of Dean Uwens the floor in the nave is made.

* Meaning Saint Anna, the mother of the blessed Virgin Mary.

BELGIUM— LlkGE. 57

In the same church —
MarIs sIne Labe CoNCEPTiE hoCCe LeVe pIetatIs pIgnUs
ereXIt basILICa faUste prorsUs InstaUrata Joannes gloVens ^
paroChUs. = 1805

ue. To Mary conceived without a stain^John Glovens^ churchwarden\}\
has erected this slight token of piety ^ upon the ocaision of the church being
happily and thoroughly restored.

The initial letters of the name Glovens in the original are com-
bined as a monogram so as to exclude the letter L from the chrono-
gram; it would otherwise make the date T855, the real date being
probably 1805, though no date is given in figures.

oaint Lambert's Cathedral, Libge. This church no longer exists ;
it was utterly destroyed by the French revolutionists at the end of the
1 8th century. Some of the epitaphs are to be found in books of
history ; the following are from Vita et res gesta Pontificum JRoman-
oruMy by Alphonse Ciaconi. Rome 1667.

On the tomb of Cardinal-bishop Herardus de la Mark, who
'having death before his eyes caused it to be built whilst living.'
si NEGET InfLeCtI LaChesIs VeL honore, VeL aVro

LegI IMVs testIs pr-«sVL herardVs erIt. = 1538

qVod neC honos neC opes, neC gLorIa Vertere CVrsVs

ASTRORVM POSSIt, PRiEsVL HERARDE VIdeS. = 1538

t.e. If Ijuhesis refuses to be moved by honour or to be chosen [?] by wealth,
Herardus the bishop will be the eminent witness. Because neither honour
nor riches nor glory can change the course of the stars^ O bishop Herardus,
thou seest.

These lines are mere fragments of a long eulogistic epitaph. The
letters d are not counted.

On the tomb of Cardinal-bishop Gerardus Grousbroeck —
LegIa CVr CeLebrIs sIC LVges noMen erardI

hIC tIbI gerardVs nonne, et erardVs erIt? = 1578

i*e. Why, O celebrated Li}ge, dost thou bewail this name of Erard here,
wHl not Gerard also be to thee Erard 9

Alluding to his renowned predecesspr in the foregoing epitaph.
The letters d are not counted.

On the tomb of Cardinal de Givry, Episcopus Metensis —
LaVs pIa pVrpVreI CcetVs CLaVstrIqVe CoLVMna

ANNO hIC eXpRESSO gIVrIVs ASTRA PETIt. = l6l2

i,e, Gvorius, the affectionate praise of the illustrious assembly, a/nd the
pillar of the cloister {or monastery) in the year, here expressed, seeks the
heavens.

On the tomb of Bishop George (from Koehler's Muntz-behistigung,
voL 17, p. 63).

S8 BELGIUM— LikGE.

MaII qVInta aderat LVX, soLe Cadente sVb Vndas F

oCCIdIt, AT deVs hVIC det frVIer reqVIe. = 1558

/>. The fifth day of May was present^ when the sun was setting beneath

the waters^ he diedy and may God grant him to enjoy rest.
The letters d are not counted.

In the present cathedral at Libge, on a pillar at the west end of the
nave about 4 J feet above the level of the floor, to mark the depth of
the water of the river Meuse in the cathedral when inundating the
town. 5|c

1643 . aLtIVs . eXpanso . fLVMIne DVXIt aqVas = 1643

i>. The river overflowing led its waters to this height

On the same pillar, about 4 feet above the floor, et . 1 740 . ,

the thick line indicating the depth of water. And lower down, about
3 feet above the floor— *

1571. aLto Mosa LoCo CrisCens h VC appVLIt VsqVe . — . = 1 5 7 1
ue. The Meuse increasing in depth came thus far.

And on the same water-line is this further inscription —

AQViE . 1856.

These chronograms are cut in the stone pillar, and being disfigured
by paint are somewhat difl^cult to make out.

GERMANY-RHINE COUNTRY.

' ERE chronograms become more abundant ; they may
be looked for at every church and ecclesiastical build-
ing in towns and villages, and even at the wayside,
with fair expectation of success ; disappointment, how-
ever, may have to be endured where decay, or, what
is quite as bad, the restorer and whitewasher have had their own
way. Occasionally in testing a chronogram the letter D is not to be
counted, as explained in the preface.

In the cathedral at Aix-la-Chapelle, on a monumental tablet in the
chapel adjoining the octagon, to the memory of Canon Schrick, the inscrip-
tion proceeds thus —

*Anima ejus Deum Divosque precare, ad chronographicum

adverte et vale.'

CosVInVs sChrICk b. MARliE VIrgInIs aqVIsgranI CanonICVs, 5|c

ARCHIPRESBITER CaNTOR. = 1 63 4

[And lower down on the tablet] —
PRO FESTO . s . paVLInI . FESTO B . aLoysI, tertIa poMerIDIana, *
pIe PRfiPARAxVs eXpIraVIt. = 1634

ANNO . CIO . ID . CXXXIIIIIIX. = 1634

i,e, Cosuinus Schrick^ canauy archipresbiter^ singer {pr precentor) of this
church of the Blessed Virgin Mary^ at Aix4a'C?iapelle^ on the festival
of St. Paul. And the third afternoon of that of St. Aloys he died fully
prepared.

The word archipresbiter is not counted in the chronogram.

6o GERMANY— AIX'LA' CHAPELLE.

On the pedestal of a crucifix against a wall in a street —
o IesV kreVz, o eInzIg heIL, hILf Vnser kreVz Vns tragen
VVIrD Vns DIe bahn gar hart gar steIL Lass Vns DoCh 5|c
nFe Verzagen. = 1859

CRUX MISSIONIS . A.0 . I 792.^
i,e. O Jesus Cross^ O only siiivaium^ assist us in bearing our Cross. If
the way becomes for us too hard^ too steeps never let us be disheartened.
Mission Cross^ 1792.

On a stone slab over the door of the Baptistery ; the inscription
is damaged, and the building has been suffered to fall into decay. ^

saCrVM paroChIaLe DIVI johannIs BAPXlsTiE. = 1765

i.e. The sacred parish (font) of St, John the Baptist

The inscription continues so far as it can be read —
Regalis Basilica Ecclesiae . . , B . M . Virginis
Baptisterium — anno renovat ... — . . 42.

In the church of St Michael, Aix-la-Chapelle, in front of the

west gallery. 5|c

sVM pIa CIVItatIs LIberaLItate renoVata DeCorata. = 1821

i,e. I am restored and decorated by the pious liberality ofihe State. y

eCCe MIChaeLIs aeDes. = 1852

i.e. Behold the house of Michael,

On the pedestal of a crucifix against the chutch of St. Peter.
gLorIa In eXCeLsIs Deo et In terra paX hoMInIbVs bon/b ^
VoL VntatIs. = 1792

/>. Glory to Gi>d in the highest^ and on earth the peace of good-will to
men.

A T Bonn on the Rhine ; inscribed over the doorway leading down
J;\^ to the chapel beneath the choir in the minster church. 5|c

CapItVLVM patronIs pIe DICaVIt. ' =1770

i.e. The Chapter has piously dedicated to the patron saints.

On the base of a crucifix outside the minster, on the north side.
gLorIfICate et portate DeVM In Corpore Vestro. i Cor. 5|c
6.20. s= 1763

i.e. Glorify and bear God in your body.

* The cross was probably put up in 1792, and repaired in 1859.

GERMANY— BONN, ETC. 6i

At Poppelsdorf, near Bonn, inscribed on the front of a small :+:
church.

paroChIaLIs teMpLI rVInIs iEDlFlCABAR. = 1812

i.e. 1 was built out of the ruins cf the parish church.

At Schwarz-Rheindorf, nearly opposite to Bonn ; in the curious
double churchy is a tombstone slab much footworn and slightly
damaged, inscribed thus—

ARNoLDo antIstItI et eLeCtorI CoLonIensIs CapItVLI
nostrI fVnDatorI ter gratIoso In IbI sepVLto LapIs hIC ^
NoWs posItVs. = 1747

LapIs aVgVsta gratIa CLeMentIs aVgVstI patronI nostrI 5|c
perpetVo DonatVr. = 1736

ue. To Amoldy Bishop and Elector of Cologne^ the founder of our chapter ,
thrice gracious y here buried^ this stone is placed.

A stonCy by the august grace of the august Clement our patron, is gkfen
forever.

At Kreuzburg, near Bonn, on the front of the church —
saCra IesV pro nobIs passI a CLeMente aVgVsto eLeCtore
ET antIstIte CoLonIensI pIe aVgte pretIose eXstrVCta et jK
fInIta. = 1696

i,e. This church of Jesus, who suffered for us, was raised andfinisfied by
Clement our august Elector and Archbishop of Cologne, piously, magnifi-
cently and preciously.

On a votive structure at the road-side about half a mile from the
church, carved on a sculptured representation of the Crucifixion ; the
whole has been shamefully damaged and neglected — ^

propItIVs VenIaM Da pIe ChrIste reIs. = 161 6

i,e. Be propitious, Grant pardon to the accused, O righteous Christ

IN Cologne Cathedral, on a beam in a chapel south of the choir.
[From Notes and Queries'] — Y

pIa VIrgInIs MarIa soDaLItas anno saCVLarI renoVat. = 1722
i.e. In the secular year the pious brotherhood of the Virgin Mary
renewed it

iVledal on the ordination of Clement, Elector of Cologne. He
had been elected Bishop of Freisingen and Ratisbon at the age of 14,
Elector of Cologne three years after, and eventually Bishop of Li^ge.
He had deferred taking holy orders till 1706; on Christmas day of
that vear, at Lille, there was a magnificent ceremony, when the priest-
hood was conferred on him, and he administered the communion for

62 GEjRMANY— COLOGNE.

the first time in the presence of his brother the Elector of Bavaria,
who received it from his hand. Medals were scattered on the
occasion, representing a chalice beneath two joined hands, to signify
the union of the two brothers, and these chronograms — A

pIa ConCorDIa fratrVM. = 1707

ue. The pious concord of the brothers, A

IosephVs CLeMens Deo LItans, = 1707

Insulis, calend : Januar : in eccl : p.p.s. Jesu.
i.e, Joseph — Clement sacrificing to God at Lille on 1st January in the
church of the Fathers of the Jesuits,

Another medal bearing this chronogram, the words are from a
h3rmn chanted on the occasion —

ConseCratIo CLeMentIs A

arChIepIsCopI CoLonIensIs. = 1707

Le. The consecration of Clement^ Archbishop of Cologne.
On the reverse is * Veni dator munerum.'

On a house near the west end of the Cathedral, is affixed a tablet
to indicate the position of one of the old Roman gates of the city, the
arch known as the Pfaffenthor, which was removed in 1826 to a spot
near the museum where it now stands ; the tablet is thus inscribed —
PORTA hIC stabat roMana DICta agrIppInensIbVs hVC 5|C
VsqVe paphIA. = 1826

Le, Here stood a gate ccUled the Roman^ and by the people of Cologne the
Paphian gate.

In the church of St. Andrew against a pillar of the choir, is the
monument of Mathseus Hohenousien, rector, with no other date but
this Hexameter and Pentameter verse: the meaning is somewhat
equivocal —
fataLIs Mather tIbI noX aLtera aprILIs ^

fLVXerat, at CLerI LVX fVIt^eCCe nItens. = 1653

i,e. The second night of April was the fatal night to thee, O Matthew^
but lo it was a bright day to the clergy.

In the same church a picture hangs in a chapel in the north aisle,
with an inscription on the frame that Peter Quentel placed it there
whilst living, in the year 155 1, and beneath it is an old wooden tablet,
having painted thereon ten quaint Latin verses indicating the burial
of John Drolshagen, with no date but this chronogram —
CondIt Ioannes drosLshagIVs ossa sepVLChro ^

HoC aVgVstI qVarto Mens CoLIt astrIgenas. = 1581

i.e, John Drolshagen lays his bones in this tomb^ on the 4M of August
his soul greets the inhabitants of heaven.

The letters d are not counted.

COLOGNE, 63

1 he church dedicated to St. Gereon and the Theban legion of
6000 martyrs (slain on the spot during the persecution of Diocletian)
was founded by the Empress Helena, and built at various periods
from 1066 to 12 1 2. In the vestibule, over a doorway, is this modem-
looking inscription —

Deo teMpLIqVe patronIs heLena annonI ChrIstophoro, ^
gereonI eIVsqVe soCIIs. = 1823

L,e. Helen dedicates it to God and the patrons of the churchy Anni-
anus (/), Christopher^ Gereon and his companions.

I find a small book in the Lambeth Palace Library [72. K. 10],
with this title : * An Historical Dissertation upon the Theban Legion,
plainly proving it to be fabulous. By M. A., Chaplain to the Duke
of Schomberg and Leinster, and one of the ministers of the French
church in the Savoy. London 1696.' Some information, on the
other hand, is given in the periodical *The Monthly Packet' for
November 1880, No. 179, vol. 30,. page 434.

In the vestibule of the same church (St. Gereon) is a handsome
mural monument of black marble, to the memory of Johannes de
Verdugo, who died 6th April 1658 ; the epitaph begins with Hexameter
and Pentameter verse —
FORTE feroX arIes phcebo pVIt hospes ab aXe *

faX tVa VerDVgo Morte neCante rVIt. = 1658

i.e. By chance it was that the fierce Aries was guest to the sun^ thy torch^
O VerdugOy fcUlSy death slaying thee.

Meaning, about the 19th March, when the sum enters the Zodiac
sign Aries.

In the same church are two other chronographic inscriptions to
St Gereon, but sadly damaged, and to that extent illegible.

in the church of St. Cunibert at Colc^e. A monumental tablet
affixed to a column in the nave, to the memory of Johannes Holtze-
nius, commences with a chronogram in the form of * Siste Viator,' but
so covered by some gasfittings as to be otherwise illegible. The
epitaph then proceeds — 5|c

Et ex eis luculenta dote illustravit aVror^e DILVC VLVM = 1 7 2 1
abi viator et pro eo preces ac ei laudes offer, etc.
CapItVLVM .GRATA VoLVntate aDornabat. R.I.P. =s 172 1

In the same church are various chests and cases containing bones
of saints and martyrs, which were repaired by a pious individual who
has inscribed on them one or other of these chronograms, and his
name.
reLIqVIarIVM In Deo sanCtIs sIC restaVraVIt IVbILarIVs. if

HORN PC, =s 1840

pVLVIs ILLorVM VeneranDVs : spIrItVs In CoeLo beatVs. 5|c

WERNER HORNPC. =s 1840

i,e. This reliquary to the saints in God^ Hompc has thus restored joy-
fully. Their dust is venerable^ their blessed spirit is in heaven.

64 RHINE,

L/hurch of St. Severin, Cologne. An epitaph without date, in
the south aisle, concludes thus — if

Is VIXIt aC MortWs est Deo. = 1628

ue. He lived and died in God.

(church of the Holy Apostles, Cologne, on the pulpit canopy.
ESTOTE faCtores VerbI et non aVDItores tantVM Ita In ^
epIstoLa sVa InqVIt s. IaCobVs. = 1788

ue. Be ye doers of the word and not hearers only, as saith St. Janus in
his epistle.

And on the front of a confessional.
fIDeLIs est et IVstVs Vt reMIttat VobIs peCCata Vestra. :+:
I Joann : i . v. 9. = 1780

i.e. He is faithful and just to forgive you your sins.

AT Konigswinter on the Rhine, incised on one stone over the prin-
cipal door of the chiu-ch.
ES 1st keInes MensChen WohnUng sonDern eIn herrLIChes Y
haVs Vnseres gottes = 1779

VnI sanCtIssIMo Deo patrI atqVe fILIo spIrItVIqVe Y
sanCto. = 1779

erIgor sVb MaX : frIDerICo k;onIgsego antIstIte CoLonIensI Y
pIe gVbernante. = 1779

i.e. This is no dwelling of many but the glorious house of our God.
To the most holy one God the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy
Ghost.

I am erected under Max: Frederic Konigsegg Bishop of Cologne,
governing piously.

At the base of a crucifix at the north end of the village. Y

In VnIVs VerI aC InCarnatI DeI honoreM posVere. = 1726
Joannes Petrus MtUnrer et Maria Gengers, conjuges
2. da. Septembris.

Le. John Peter Mumrer and Maria Gengers, the married pair, on the 2d
September have placed this in honour of one true and incarnate God.

At Niederbachen, Rhine, from * Sketches of Continental Ecclesio-
logy,* by Rev. B. Webb, over the door of the church of St. Gereon,
are these hexameter lines —
sVpreMo saCrata Deo sto Lapsa resVrgo

Vis pVgna sathan gereon enI ense tVetVr 5b= 1682

I have not seen this obscure inscription, it admits of this interpretation :
/ stand consecrated to the supreme God, having fallen I arise. May
the power of Satan be defeated, and may the sword of Saint Gereon
defend me.

GERMANY— FRANKFORT, 65

And this inscription at Burgau, in the church —
MarLe et LeonarDI honorIbVs patronI et pLebIs eXpensIs
sVrgg . basILIa bVrgoVIensIs. (Sic,) = 169a

It may be thus interpreted : Tl^is chapel of Burgau has risen at the
expense of patron and people in honour of Mary and Saint Leonard,

At Coblenz, round the arch of the west door of the church of

SL Castor.

DIro MarIa IVngfraV reIn Y

Las CobLenz anbefohLen seIn. = 1765

To Mary the Virgin^ thepure^ Let Coblenz be recommended.

At the cathedral of Frankfort-on-the-Main, within the north door ;
epitaph on a mural tablet to a prince of Thum and Taxis. It is
chronographic throughout ; I have inserted the bars to mark the set
of words which give the date 1708, eleven times repeated.
sIsTE VIator et ILLaChryManDo parenta [| 5|C

Philippe Lamoraldo serenissimorum principum Alex-
andri Eugenii principis de la Tour et Tassis et Augustae
Hohaenloheianae DVLCIssIMiE proLI || heV! fato PRiECoCE
ANTE DIeM obIIt II SPES TASsIC^ stIrpIs LaMoraLDVs II natVM
CaLenDIs aprILIs || eX fonte saLVtIs aD sVPERNiE VoLVp-
tatIs torrenteM LeVaVIt aVgVstVs || DeCIMa nona annI
CVrrentIs II I VIATOR ! seD LiETloR absterge LaChryMas II
ASTRA Inter non hIC Me qVere DeInCeps || IbI qVos In terra
parCa aDeo parCe DeDere || MVLtIpLICabo DIes. || Job 29,
v. 18.

Another epitaph to a prince of the same family repeats the date,
1 71 1, seventeen times (except in the fifth set of words, which by some
error in the original, makes 1703). ^

aD pIos MagnI phcenICIs CIneres stas VIator : || VIDe InsIgnIa
RsC tIbI hohenLoheanos Monstrant Leones II NON phcenICeM
qVID hoC? abIIt obIIt, || nIDo In CceLIs gLorIosIVs fIrMato ||
PERENNAT sVb hoC phcenICe aDVMbrata EST || Anna Augusta.
Ex illm^ comitib', Ludovico Gustavo de Hohenlohe
ex Barbara de Schonbom nata 1675 11 gbris a
ser~^ S.R.LP. Eugenic Alexandra de Latour et Tassis,
In thorI ConsorteM aDsCIta || 21 Qbris tres proLes C(£Lo
genVIt DeVota Mater || InnoCVA DefVnCtas oMnes atate, ||
aVgVstaM VIrtVtes praDICarVnt qVIbVs VnasoLIs VIXIt, ||
Constante erga DeVM sanCtosqVe pIetate, jj fIDe In
ConIVgeM, LIberaLItate In egenos, || Verbo De CceLo
soLoqVe bene MerIta, || MerItIs sVIs CoronanDa a ChrIsto
obIIt. II I VIator! seD hInC sI abIs reDI aD Cor, || hoC
VnVM SiEPE reCogItanDo, II ET Nos sVCCeDIMVs II NEC tarDo

PEDS In VnO pVnCtO aD iETERNA.

66 GERMANY— FRANKFORT,

Several other tablets are at the same spot. One in bad condition
is placed too high to allow of more than the concluding lines to be
read ; it contains the date 17 14 in figures, and the chronogram, which
shows that date twice. H^

VIta breVIs seD proba, pIa Mors CoronIs et Corona. = 17 14
DICIte qVonIaM hVIC bene • Isaise 3, v. 10. = 1714

ue, A short but honest life^ O pious deaths crown him with crowns^ say
ye that it shall be well with him.

Another, also placed too high \ it concludes thus — 5|c

Is hIC In DoMIno pife reqVIesCat. = 171 1

Le, Let him rest here piously in the Lord.

Another, to Philippa, Princess of Thum and Taxis —
I nunc viator et quidem in lacrymis quia vixi ante diem :+:
oCCVMbenDo. = 1705

ue. Go noWy traveller^ and indeed in tears, because I have lived by dying
before my time.

Another, to a prince of Thum and Taxis, concludes with the
date thus expressed — 5|c

InsIgne DeCVs prInCIpVM. =1714

i,e. He was the distinguished ornament of princes.

Another tablet placed too high, in bad condition, and partly
illegible ; this is all I could make out —

Anno nativitatis suae nonagesimo a tertia Julii inchoato,
aVgVstI pLaCIDo DVoDena fVnCtVs agone — [The next line is
illegible, then towards the end it proceeds]— natus MDCLXXXVIII,
celeberrimo conductu funebri Diexiv Augusti mdcclxxvii.

SepultUS PRoXIMe ante CLAXHRASARiE DElPARiE VtI PETIIt *

qVIesCIt . R . I . s . p. = 1777

i.e. In the 90/A year of his birth that began from the ^d of July, on t/te
1 2th of August he ended his placid life. Bom 1688, buried by a
splendidly conducted funeral, he rests, as he had requested, in front of the
* Clathrasara* of the Virgin Mary.

LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.

GERMANY, BAVARIA, SAXONY, AUSTRIA, HUNGARY, ETC.

HE central part of Europe is rich in chronograms; locally
they are plentiful as inscriptions, monumental and other-
wise. A large number of those in the following group
were collected by myself at the places named, and may
still be seen if destructive agencies have not already
commenced work among them. Another group in this volume
comprises those inscribed on historical medals, and many which were
used on the occasion of religious festivals and processions. A further
group will give an insight into a class of literature relating to some
of the localities herein mentioned, in which the chronogrammatic
feature is especially prominent.^

The general character of the chronograms calls for no special
remark, further than the recognition of the numerical value of the
letter D (=500) as distinguished from some of the foregoing groups.

In Munich Cathedral, in a recess on the south side, a memorial inscrip-
tion to several members of one family concludes thus — 5|c
LVX perpetVa LVCeat eIs DoMIne, 1727. = 1727
i,e. May eternal light shine on them, O Lord.

Outside the cathedral, over a fountain against the north wall, are
these hexameter and pentameter verses — .

O SPES ET SPLenDoR, TERRiE PROTeCtOR HABERIsI _ ^g

BENNOPOTENS NECnON VrbIs ET ORBIs aMOR, J '^

eCCe bIbIte aD fonteM saLVtIs. = 1758

i.e, O Benno the powerful^ our hope and splendour, thou art regarded cu
the protector of our land, also the love of our city and of the world.
Behold, drink ye at the fountain of salvation.

This must be the fountain of Saint Benno (Bishop in Bavaria, 1 106),
as a sepulchral stone on the wall close by records the burial of an
ecclesiastic * ad fontem Benno.'

* See the groups headed ' Franconia plaudens,' etc. etc.

68 MUNICH, SALZBURG, AUGSBURG.

A mural tablet outside the east end of the cathedral is thus dated—
VlTA breVIs qVID nIsI aVra LeVIsj *

rerVM qVoqVe fInIs pVLVIs et CInIs. = 1761

t\e. What is a short life but a light breath ; the end also of things is dust
and ashes.

On the front of Trinity Church, over the door — 5|<:

Deo trIno ConDIDere Voto tres boICIstatVs . mdccxiv. = 17 14
i.e. The three estates of Bavaria built this to the triune God by a vaiv.

In the Munich Museum, on a tablet of pottery-ware, hanging by
a window in a top-floor room ; some lines of old German, with much
ornamental flourish, ending with this chronogram — 5|c

VIVe In ChrIsto eXI e MVnDo. == 1629

i,e. Live in Christ, escape from the world.

Also in the museum, on a stone tablet formerly on a building to
commemorate its foundation ; alluding to a time of famine — 5|c

DIebVs faMIs preVaLes CentIs In CIVItate. = 177 1

Also in the museum, on a stone tablet —
lOHANNES henrICVs DaCk natVs oestInghVsII CoLonIensIs:
hVIVs eCCLesI/e CoLLegIat^ sanCtI IohannIs baptIst^
CanonICVs, atqVe senIor.annIs septVagenIs senIs pIe pro- 5|c
VeCtVs, pIe qVoqVe obIIt qVarta XbrIs, = 1799

ie. J. H. Back, bom at Oestinghusium Coloniense, Canon of this Col-
legiate Church of St. John the Baptist, and Senior ; having lived piously
for i6 years, he died also piously on the 4M of December.

1 he following chronogram was composed by Mr. C W. Wilshere,
and is placed in the new telegraph office at Munich —
LVDoVICo seCVnDo boIarIae rege regnante ConDIta. [scilicet
aedes.] = 1866

i.e. This house was built, Louis the second, King of Bavaria reigning.

PART of the inscription over the tunnel road beneath the Monchs-
burg, at Salzburg — -^

sIgIsMVnDI arChIepIsCopI saLzbVrgIensIs. = 1 768

i.e. The work qfSigismund, Archbishop of Salzburg.

Over a fountain in the Cathedral Platz at Salzburg — ^

Leopold Vs prInCeps Me eXtrVXIt. = 1732

i.e. Leopold the prince built me.

IN Augsburg Cathedral, the epitaph of Anna Eleonora, daughter of
George Count Konigseck, and great-niece of St. Charles Borro-
meo, is thus dated — -^

In paCe Vt IstI DorMIas et reqVIesCas. = 17 15

i.e. Mayest thou sleep in peace as do those (alluding to those persons
named in the preceding portion of the inscnption).

Another, a small red marble tablet on the south wall of the nave,
to the memory of a bishop, has this date and melancholy reminiscence
at the tenth line —

AUGSBURG. 69

OBlIt beLLo DepressVs, paCeM sperans quam mundus *

dare non potuit Deus dedit. 2 7 Sep. anno aetatis lvii. = 17 07
i,€. He died depressed by war^ hoping for the pecue which the world could
notgive^ God gave it.

In Holy-Cross Church, under a painting of the Crucifixion, on
the ceiling — if

CrVCIfIXo reDeMptorI. = 17 18

On the front of a charitable institution, formerly a convent, on
the Kesselmarkt at Augsburg (communicated by F. H. Amedroz) —
VIrgIneVs tenVIt ChorVs il«C VbI teCta saCrata ) _

MartIno prosVnt nVnC ea paVperIbVs. j "" ^^^^

nVMIne propItIo strVCtVras fVnDItVs Istas _ ^

et patrLe patres hVC posVere noVas. j ~" ^'^^

i.e. When the virgin choir held the sacred buildings^ they were good for
St, Martin J now they are good for the poor. By the blessing of the Deify
the fathers of the country have taken the foundations of that structure^
and have erected new ones,

A thaler, or medal, representing the last prince-bishop of Augs-
burg and other important persons, made of the silver from chiu-ch
plate, bears this inscription —

eX VasIs argenteIs In VsVM patrI^e sIne CensIbVs DatIs a La
CLero et prIVatIs. = 1794

ie. Made of the silver vessels given to the use of their country without
reckoning the cost^ by the clergy and private persons.

A. book, ' Epitaphia Augustana Vindelica,' &c., labore Danielis
Fraschii, 1624. — Brit Mus. press-mark, 1330, d. 7. being a large col-
lection of Epitaphs at Augsburg existmg at the time of the date. The
preface contains many epigrams addressed to the author, and this
* Eteostichon operis editi annum complectens' —
rIte reCorDerIs qV6 LethI (6 res bona) LeCtor,

eCCe InsIgne tIbI prasChIVs eDIt op Vs. = 1624

i,e, O reader^ that thou mayest rightly remember death {which is a
good thing)y Lo / Fraschius publishes this remarkable work.

There are, however, but two chronograms in the whole collection
of epitaphs. The first commences thus —

In DoMIno IesV sIta spes est Vera saLVtIs. = 1570

t.e. In the Lord Jesus is placed the true hope of salvation. On the tomb
of the Hainzelius family, patricians of Augsburg.

The other is on the tomb of Huldric Lingk. It is part of the
epitaph concerning the deceased —
hVnC ChrIstVs prIMa VoLfgangI noCte VoCaVIt

natVs Vt est annos seX trIa LVstra qVater. = 15 11

i.e, Christ called this man, in the beginning of the night of Saint
Wolfgang (31st October), when lie was 66 years old.

70 DIOCESE OF AUGSBURG.

* 1~X AS Bisthum Augsbuig,' a periodical by Anton Stichele, com-
I J mencing in 1861 (Brit Mus. press-mark 10260. dd.),
supplies a good collection of chronograms, scattered through a large
extent of historital and statistical information concerning the churches
and benefices of the diocese. I take the places in succession as
mentioned.

ochlipsheim, on a cross put up in 1787 — L

ChrIstVM aspICIte, erIt VobIs fortItVDo, VIrtVs, saLVs. = 1787
Le, Look to Christy it will be your strength^ virtue^ and salvation,

KLobel, over an entrance to the Loreto Chapel — Z

VerI refVgII LoCVs DoMVs LaVretana. = 1728

/>. Tlu house 0/ Loreto is a place of true refuge; alluding to the Santa
Casa at Loreto in Italy, which was imitated in some of the German
monasteries.

On the Rath-haus —
naCh IesV ChrIstI gebVrt IM Iahr L

Vnser rathaVs hIer WIeDer erbaVet War. = 1752

ie. In this year after the birth of Jesus Christ our town-hall was here
rebuilt.

Lechsgemiind, at the church of St. Vitus, inscribed under a
picture of Christ driving out the dealers from the temple ; the chiu-ch
was rebuilt in the year thus indicated —

MeIn haVs soLL heIssen eIn betthaVs, nIt aber seIn eIn L
kaVff oDer eIn sChWatzhaVs. = 1737

ue. My house shall be caUed a house of prayer^ but it shall not be a place
of merchandise or gossip.

oiglohe, chapel of St Sebastian, under a picture of the monastery
and Virgin of Einsiedeln in Switzerland —

o pIa VIrgo VIrgInVM, InVIoLata DeI genItrIX, esto
PATRONA praenobILIs et InsIgnIs aLoIsIT arCo eIVsqVe L
possessIonIs sIgLoe. = 1861

i,e, O pious Virgin of Vir^ns^ the inviolate mother cf Godj be thou the
very able and very distinguished patroness of Aloysius * Ano' and of
his possession Si^he,

W^orscheim parish church, on one of the bells —

sIt Deo LaVs et gLorIa sVa In CIIMbaLIs bene sonan- Z

tIbVs. s= 1772

fVsa fVI sVb D. CaroLo heMerLe pLebano hVIate. s= 1772

ue. Be praise and glory to God in the wdlsounding cymbals. I was
cast under Mr, Charles Hemerle^ an inhabitant of this place.

DIOCESE OF A UGSJBURG. 7 1

ochefstall parish church, inscribed on a bell —
sanCtVs aLeXanDer papa et MartIIr patronVs noster serVet Z
Nos In pIetate. = 1679

i.e. St, Alexander^ pope and martyr^ our patron^ preserve us in piety.

JKenhartshofen parish church, on two of the bells —
I St. Et verbum caro factum est i.n.r.i. anDreas L
BraVn paroChVs rennertzho VII reCtor teMpLI. = 1768

2d. A fulgure et tempestate libera nos Domine Jesu
Christe. hasCe nos oMnes IosephVs arnoLDt eXIstere
feCIt. = 1768

/>. And the Word was made fleshy i.n.r.i. Andrew Braun,
^parochus of Rennertzho^ the seventh rector of the church. From light-
ning afid tempest deliver us, O Lord Jesus Christ, Joseph Arnold has
made us all (the bells) to exist,

Stettbcrg parish church, on a bell, a representation of the cruci-
fixion, with these inscriptions —

Et verbum caro factum est. Mater DeI aVXILIare peC- Z
CatorIbVs. Durch hitz des feurs bin ich geflossen. = 1774
Franz Antoni Weingarten in Lauingen hat mich durch
Gottes hilf gossen. CaroLVs phILIppVs L . b . a serVI
DoMInVs steppergae. = 1774

i.e. And the Word was made flesh, O mother of God, help the sinners.
Through the heat of the fire am I come. F, A. Weingarten in Lauingen,
by God's help, cast me. Charles Philip, etc, etc.

On the second bell, a representation of Saints Michael and Francis
Xavier inscribed — Z

s.s.MIChaeL et XaVerIVs DebeLLatores InfernI. = 1774

A fulgure et tempestate libera nos domine Jesu Christe. Z
antonIVs WIrth paroChVs et DIreCtor teMpLI. = 1774

i,e. Saints Michael and Xavier, conquerors of hell. From lightning and
tempest, O Lord Jesu Christ, deliver us, A. Werth, *parochus' and
director of the church.

On the third bell, a representation of St. Anthony inscribed — Z

s.antonI paDVane a CVnCtIs MaLIs erIpe serYos tVos = 1774
antonIVs WeIngarten De LaVIngen nos oMnes Con- Z
feCIt. = 1774

i,e, O Saint Anthony of Fadua, nscue thy servants from all evils,
Anthony Weingarten of Lauingen made us all (the bells).

Also at Stettberg, Rudensheim, on the exterior of the church tower,
under a representation of the saint —

sanCte stephane ora pro nobIs et sIs nobIs tVrrIs fortIs Z
proteCtIonIs In rIeDeLsheIM. = 1765

i,e. Saint Stephen pray for us^ and mayest thou be to us a strong tower
of protection in Rudensheim,

72 DIOCESE OF AUGSBURG,

otrass parish church, over a door —
soLI Deo aC sIne Labe beatIss. V. MARliE honorI et 'Z
gLorI-*. = 1 761

/>. To the only Gody and to the most blessed Virgin Mary^ without spot^
to their honour and glory,

U bersfeld parish church of St. Gallus, over a door — L

eIVs sVb DIVI seCVre qVIesCItIs VMbra. = 1736

qVIs VerVM hIC DIVVs nonnIsI gaLLVs erIt? = 1736

ue. You rest securely under the shadow of that saint. Truly who will
this saint be but Gallus f

And on one of the bells in the Bride-tower —
s. MarIa ConsoLatrIX gLorIa VbersfeLDae. = 1768

i.e. Saint Mary^ the consoler ^ the glory of Ubersfeld,

Altheim and Schreizheim, the parish church of St Vitus, inscrip-
tion over the door to indicate its rebuilding in the year thus expressed — L
aDoLesCentI MartIrI saCra. = i753

i,e. Sacred to the youthful martyr.

The * Pfarrliche ' of Schreizheim, on the middle bell —
sVb gLorIoso regIMIne regIs nostrI LVDoVICI pIIqVe Z
antIstItIs nostrI petrI rICharzII. = 1837

i.e. Under the glorious rule of our king Lewis atid of our pious bishop
Peter Richarz,

Uilingen Castle ; the date of the adaptation of a portion of the
building to contain the archives of the bishopric was indicated by
this inscription —

arChIVI arCana In arCe DILIngana aLIbI LatentIa hVC
transferrI IVssIt IosephVs epIsCopVs aVgVstanVs LanD- Z
graVIVs hassI^. = 1765

i>. The archives and private papers elsewhere lying in the citadel of
DUingen^ Joseph the bishop of Augsburg^ the Landgrave of Hesse^
ordered to be transferred hither.

ochabringen, the building of the parish church of Saint iEgidius
in 1778, is marked thus over a door —

oLoRliE saLVatorIs DeI atqVe beatI aegIDII LaVDIbVs Z
saCra. = 1778

i.e. Sacred to the glory of God the Sainour^ and to the praises of St,
^gidius,

Dinkelshiibel parish church, on the sixth, the tolling bell —
pro beata agonIa LegaVI Ioannes franCIsCVs bozenharDt Z
paroChVs aC DeCanVs LoCI. = 1725

ue. For the blessed agony {of Christ)^ /, John Francis Bozenardt^
^parochus^ and dean oftheplaUy have bequeathed this.

DIOCESE OF A UGSBURG. 73

Over the door of the chapel of the three kings —
saCeLLVM hoC sanCtIs regIbVs sVb benefICIato sChVrer L
pLVres restaVraVerVnt benefaCtores. = 1794

i,e. This chapel^ to the {three) holy kingSy many benefactors have restored
under the incumbent Schurer.

Uonauworth Holy Cross Church, Here is the tomb of Maria,
Duchess of Bavaria, daughter of the Duke of Brabant, who died in
1256. This inscription was placed on the adjoining pillar when the
chapel was repaired in 1829 by Prince von Oettingen-Wallerstein.
(Without this explanation it would seem to be an instance of a very
early chronogram) — L

IsthIC gLorIose IaCet MarIa brabantIna. = 1256

i.e. Here lies gloriously Mary of Brabant.

JKeimlingen parish church of St. George, above a door where a
black cross is seen on the wall — L

sanCta CrVX Mea DVX. = 1730

i,e. The sacred cross is my guide,

r ussen parish church, over the door of the chapel of the Holy
Sepulchre, built in 1735 —

eXorto NoViE aetatIs phosphoro resVrgentI, gLorIose L
saLVatorI nostro DICatVM. = 1735

i^. Dedicated to our gloriously-risen Saviour, the light of our new age
again appearing.

And over another door —
sVrgentI nostrae saLVtIs aVrorae neo-nato In terrIs L
DIVInI patrIs fILIo saCrVM. = 1735

i>. Consecrated to the Son of the divine Father, the newly-risen light of
our salvation in the earths

oeeg parish church of St Udalrich, over the high altar — Z

DIVo VDaLrICo a paroChIanIs pIe renoVata seDes. = 1770

ix. A throne for the divine Udalric, piously restored by the parishioners.

The chapel of St. Anna, over the door — L

CVM proLe tVa o sanCta anna Da prospera. = 1760

ue. With thy offspring, O Saint Anna, give prosperity,

iLell, over the triumphal arch —
A pHs benefaCtorIbVs renoVata seDes MarIa aVXILIa- Z
trICIs. = 1783

i.e. The throne of Mary, our helper, restored by pious benefiutors,

A narrative of the ruin of a monasfery of St. Udalrich at Augsburg
contains this line, giving the date of the event — Z

petrVs VdaLrICI ConCVssIt CasIbVs edeM. = 1474

The letters d are not counted.

74 BAMBERG— WURZB URG,

ST. MICHAEL Church at Bamberg ^ contains ten or twelve rather
stately monuments of Bishops of Bamberg, removed from the
Cathedral at its restoration in 1838. The circumstance is indicated
by this inscription on the wall, where the monuments now stand —
sIsTE VIATOR, epItaphIa hIC reposIta sVnt: Corpora Ver6 5|c
In sVMX iEDE qVIesCVnt. = 1838

Le, Stopy traveller^ the monuments are placed here, but the bodies rest in
the cathedral.

Over the door of a small house in the little dilapidated quadrangle
of St. James's Church at Bamberg, formerly inhabited by the clergy of
the church, but now by poor people, with a weedy little garden in the
centre, is an inscription much decayed, originally done in paint.
Some of the letters are nearly obliterated, or appear only in a faint
trace. I was able to make out that Bishop Carolus Sigismundus
repaired the building at the date indicated by the concluding chrono-
graphic line. The building is now sadly in want of repair, and is
likely to be * improved away' along with the chronogram — 5|c

iEDES CapItVLI Labentes prIMVs restaVrat. = 17 18

i.e. The bishop' restores the falling Iwuses of the chapter.

Over the door of the slaughter-house by the river, beneath the
figure of a full-sized recumbent ox, are these quaint verses and chrono-
gram—

Omnia habent ortus suaque incrementa sed ecce,
Quein cemis nunquam bos fuit hie vitulus. ^

sVB HVIatIS FABRlCiE EXXRA-ORDlNARliE IMpENSIs eXsTRVCtA. = 1 742

The same verse is over the slaughter-house at Nuremberg, but
without the chronogram.

A FOUNTAIN in the main street at Wiirzburg,i having an obelisk
surmounted by a statue, has this painted on it —
LabefaCtatVs InIVrIa beLLI pr^sIDe hpoLiCI sVperiorIs
senatVs L.B. AB heVsLeIn ST. CanonICo Cap & cantore neCnon
raC C. p. n. Cons. Int. restaVrat Vr. — Renov. 1868.

As tKe inscription stands it makes 1695, but if the three letters
1, i, c, which are small, are counted, the date would be 1797. All
the chronogram capital letters in the original are painted red. On the
opposite side is this further inscription —

aMpLIfICanDo CIVItatIs ornatVI. sub P.R, PeriLL : ac
pergm crat: Dfio. phiL ant christoph Ern l.b. de GUtten-
berg EccLrm imp. etc etc. (various titles) haec pyramis
surrexit. — Renov. 1868.

The first three words make 1766. The rest is a mixture of capital
letters having the appearance of chronogram, but really of no such use.
Both inscriptions are unsatisfactory and disappointing, and are pro-
minent examples of misleading chronography.

^ It is surprising now to find so few chronograms in these places, when so many have
emanated from them. See Index ' Franconia, plaudens/ etc.

WURZB(/RG— NUREMBERG. 75

St Colonatus, St. Kilianus a bishop of Wiirzburg, and St. Tolanus,
whose martyrdoms are celebrated at Wiirzburg on 8th July. A medal
thereon has this chronogram date — G

haC Magna trIaDe patroCInante. = 1702

i>. This great triad being our patron.

AN old engraving representing the Rathstube, or sessions-
chamber in the Rath-haus at Nuremberg, bears this chrono-
gram date —

Wen DIe gereChten DIe oberhanD haben so gehets gereCht
zV. — Prov. 28. V. 12. =1717

t.e. When the righteous have the upper hand then things go right.

On the Carls-bridge at Nuremberg are two obelisks, memorials
of the visit of the Emperor Charles vi. ; one is thus inscribed —
CaroLo seXto aVgVsto pIo aC feLICI ponteM hVnC Con- 5|c
seCrabat. s . p . q . n. = 1 728

/>. JTie senate and people of Nuremberg consecrated this bridge to the
Emperor Charles the Sixths the pious and happy.

In the museum at Nuremberg is a commemoration medal repre-
senting the bridge, with the same Ascription, also a larger medal
representing a bridge and imperial devices, with this inscription — jJ:

gLorIa Deo eXCeLso paX hoMInIbVs. = 1728

Also a medal to Charles vi. repres4|99ig a display of fireworks —
LiETA norIs CaroLo fIDeI DBDIt IgnIbVs Ignes. Die H<
homagii xvi. Januarii. =s 1 7 1 2

Also a square silver medal, probably a charm or ornament, having
this inscription, with an armorial shield — >|c

EST VbI DVX IesVs paX VICto Marte gVbernat. = 1648

And a medal with a device of justice and plenty — if

Des frIeDen Lobs geDenCken. = 1651

i.e. A memorial of the praise of Peaa.

All these medals being shut up in a glass case and in bad light,
only one side can be seen.

1 he Church of St iEgidius was burnt down in 1696, and rebuilt
1711-1718. The altar picture is by Van Dyck, the dead Christ in the
arms of the Virgin Mary. Beneath it are these lines —
seIn LeIb VnD bLVt 5|c

MeIn hoeChstes gVt. = 17 18

i.e. His body and blood my highest good.

Over the chancel arch is this date — 5|c

gLorIa Deo eXCeLso In iETERNVM. = 1717

There is also a dedication chronogram on the principal front of
the church, but only partially legible.

76 NUREMBERG COINS,

MONEY of the free state of Nurembeig. A florin of Ferdinand
having the date of 1615, believed to be made for new year's
gifts, bears this hexameter chronogram —

VIVat aVIs, rota CresCat, oVet Leo, pIsCe-LeoqVe Fa.

fLoreat, aC MaVrVs, tVrrIs qVoqVe faXIt 16 Va, = 162 1

i.e. May the bird live^ may the wheel increase^ may the lion rejoice^ and
may the fish-lion flourish^ likewise the Moor^ and may Jehovah also
become the tower.

This sounds like a riddle; the allusions are probably to the armorial
bearings of one of the citizens.

1 he new issue of coinage at Nuremberg (thalers and ducats) in
the year 1628 and afterwards, bear chronogram mottoes, mostly in
hexameter verse, to mark their date — F

CanDIDa paX reDeat paX regnet In orbe et In Vrbe. = 1628
i.e. May beautiful peace return^ may peace reign in the world and in the
city. F

VenI aVt sVbVenI tVIs o ChrIste reDeMptor. = 1629

i.e. Come to^ or aid thine OTtm, O Christy Redeemer. F

paX bona nVnC reDeat Mars pereatqVe feroX. = 1630

i,e. May good peace now return and may fierce Mars perish. F

nVrInberga DIV ChrIstI sIt tVta sVb VMbra. = 1630

i.e. May Nuremburg long be safe under tht shadow of Christ. F

VIVIDa paX ChrIstI serVet nos teMpore trIstI. = 1631

i.e. May the lively peace of Christ help us in the time of sorrow. F

six paX In terrIs tanDeM et patIentIa VICtrIX. c= 1632

i.e. May peace and victorious forbearance be at length in the land. F

paX aDsIt beLLVM fVgIat pestIsqVe seVera. = 1633

i.e. May peace be present j may war flee away^ and horrible pestilence. F

sVbVenIat fInIs IVDICIVMqVe pIIs. = 1633

i.e. May the end and judgment be a help to the pious. F

restaVret paCeM IesVs DVX orbIs In Vrbe. = 1633

i.e. May Jesus the guide of the world restore peace in the city. F

arX esto hVIC VrbI DeVs et fortIssIMa tVrrIs. = 1635

i.e. O God^ be thou a citadel and a very strong tower to this city. F

paX noVa nVnC reDeat Mars pereatqVe feroX. = 1635

i.e. May new peace now return and may fierce Mars perish. F

sIt DeVs aVXILIVM tVta sIt Ipse saLVs. = 1640

i.e. May God be our help and may he be our sure salvation. F

VIVat paX ChrIstI sIt DVX sVb teMpore trIstI. = 1646

i.e. May the peace of Christ live, may it be our guide in time of sorrow. F

qVI reX IVstItIa IVDICIVMqVe VenI. = 1648

i.e. Come thou, who art the king, justice and judgment. Fa

Magnas ferte Deo grates pro paCe reLata. = 1650

i.e. Render great thanks to God for peace restored. F

eXpeCtata reDI paX paX sVperVM aVrea proLes. = 1696

i.e. Return expected pecue, peace the golden offspring of heaven.

NUREMBERG— RATISBON. 77

F
kXoptata DIV paX CoeLI eX MVnere VenIt. = 1698

Le, The long-wished-for peace of heaven comes out from our service; or,
Th€ iong-desired peace has come from th^ gift of heaven.

teMpora nostra pater Donata paCe Corona. = 1700

i.e. Crown our times^ O Father^ by giving peace.

Inscription on the reverse translates, ' The republic of Nur-
emberg celebrates the new century/ This is taken from
Kelly's Universal Cambist^ vol. ii. p. 214. F

aVgVsto DoMIno tVta aC seCVra parente est. = 1721

i.e» She is safe and sefure^ the Emperor being her lord and parent.

A coin of Charles vi. for Nuremberg. Fa

gLorIa In eXCeLsIs Deo atqVe In terra paX hoMInIbVs. = 1736
i.e. Glory to God in the highest^ and on earth peace to man.

Inscription on a medal —
ConserVetVr a Deo norIberga Vt CiESARl et IMperIo porro
proVt antea InserVIre possIt. = 1732

i.e. May Nuremberg be preserved^ that it may be able to serve the
empire and emperor henceforth as before.

THREE chronograms made on the death of Hieron3rmus William
Ebner, privy councillor, keeper of the crown-jewels in Nurem-
berg.
Vt reCtIs sVbnIXa qVaDrIs sIC fIrMIter aeqVo F

sIstIt se VIrtVs ebnerIana sIbI. = 1752

i.e. As resting upon four upright pillars^ so firmly does the virtue of
Ebner stand injustice.

Ita VIrtVs ebnerIana fIrMIter aeqVo ConstabIt eXaLta- F
bItqVe In VIa reCtItVDInIs. i =1752

i.e. Thus the virtue cf Ebner will consist firmly of justice^ and will show
itself in the way of righteousness.

EN eVge VIrtVs, IVstItIa et fIDes ebnerIanI peCtorIs In
VIa reCtI et probI tenorIs aeqVo fIrMIter egregIeqVe F
stabIt. = 1752

i.e. Lo virtue^ justice^ and fidelity of the heart of Ebner will stand firmly
and illustriously in equity, in the way of right, and of an even course.

AT Regensburg (Ratisbon), on a tablet in the cathedral
cloisters —
sIste VIator DeposIta hIC est rar® sapIentI^ eXaCt-* >|«:
IVsTlTliE, InsIgnIs pIetatIs et IntegrItatIs norMa. [Joseph=i737
Franc: de Paula Bader, prince bishop of Ratisbon.]
DeVotIs tVIs oratIonIbVs anIM-« eIVs sVCCVrre etabI. = 1737
i.e. Stop J traveller, here is deposited the model of rare wisdom, perfect
justice, marvellous piety and integrity, (name) by thy devout prayers
succour his soul, and depart.

78 RATISBON.

In the cathedral cloisters, by an entrance door in an obscure comer
close to the ground, a tablet to the memory of a Rev. Vicar of the
cathedral; the pious request expressed in the chronogram which dates
the epitaph is much obscured by dust and dirt j thousands of devotees
who pass to the smartly-painted chapel adjoining are in ignorance of
its existence, and no requiem is uttered —

SiSTE VIATOR qVICVnqVe TRANSIs, DICqVe, QViESO, H^

reqVIeM. =1741

/>. Siop^ irwuelkr^ whoever thou art that passest hy^ and say, I pray
you^ a requiem.

In the Nieder-miinster church, over an altar — jf:

MarIa sIne Labe ConCepta InterCeDe pro nobIs. = 1854

/>. Maryy conceived without stain, intercede for us,

jAit the Ober-miinster church, an epitaph in the vestibule is dated
thus —

TO VIATOR reCorDatVs qVIa Card sVnt : spIrItVs VaDens et 5|c
NON reDIens. Psalm Ixxvii. v. 39. = 1735

(This quotation must be incorrect.)

In St James's Church, Ratisbon, formerly called the Scotch Church,
the epitaph of Peter Montmedy, of Luxemburg, concludes with this
hexameter and pentameter chronogram —
LVX bIs qVInta fVIt, fVIt et septena DeCeMbrIs 5|c

qVa petro fIt noX et sIne fIne qVIes. = 1709

i.e. It was the 17/A day of December which was night to Peter, atid may
it he also rest without end.

An epitaph to a lady contains this date ; the quotation, however,
must be wrong — 5|c

fLens sVspeXIt aD CceLVM. Daniel 13, v. 35. = 17 21

i.e. Weeping, she looked up to heaven.

In St. Emmeram Church, in the vestibule, there are many epitaphs.
These are the last lines of one of them —

Hoc ergo illi gratulare apprecare ac De parI gLorIA *
tIbI MatVre ConsVLe. = 17 14

Another ends thus —
Tu viator precare : LVX perpetVa LVCeat eIs DoMIne In ^K
VIsIoNE perpetVa! = 1740

i.e. Do thou, O traveller, pray that perpetual l^ht may shine on them in
the Lord, in perpetual vision I

The adjoining epitaph to an eminent lawyer and judge ends thus —
Tu viator ! qui spectator accessisti, orator recede, et pre-
care ut pIVs et IVstVs IVDeX trIno CapItI tres IVsTlTliE 5|c
Coronas IMponat. = 1745

i>. Do thou, O traveller, who hc^t approached as a spectator, go away as
one who prays, that the pious and just judge may place upon his three-
fold head the three crowns of justice (?).

RATISBON—PASSAU. 79

The next epitaph is dated by these words — jf:

Et sic eXaCte DIsCe MorI. = 1712

i.e. And thus learn to die perfectly.

A long epitaph in the church (St. Emmeram) containing a date
1725 ends thus —

abI VIator trIstIs LenIetVr DoLor, sI patrI pIo preCaberIs 5|c
reqVIeM, = 1725

i,e. Depart^ O sorrowful travellery thy grief shall be assuaged if thou pray
for rest for my pious fat/ur.

Another long epitaph to a bishop is thus dated — 5|c

VnVs CoMpenDIo VIrtVtIs eXpLet VnI Versa. = 1694

Another long epitaph, without other date, concludes thus — -^

eCCe sVIs Deest et MorItVr die 27 Oct: aetatis 81. =1712

t,e, Beholdj he is wanting to his friends, and he died on 2'jth day of
October, aged Si,

The final words are — 5|c

DefVnCto preCare reqVIeM et abI. = 171 2

i.e. Pray for rest for the dead, and depart.

jVledals on the cessation of the plague at Ratisbon —
Deo opItVLante ContagIone fInIta ItInerIs LIbertas 5|c
reDDIta. = 1 7 14

i.e. God helping us, the plague being ended, liberty of travelling was
restored. 5|c

aDIVtore aLtIssIMo a peste LIberta seCVra. = 17 14

i.e. The Most High helping, the city was rendered secure from the plague.

AT Passau, in Bavaria, on the outside wall of the Cathedral, north
side, are many mural tablets. Some of them are beautiful
works in low relief on a fine-grained cream-coloured limestone. I
gathered three chronograms there.

Epitaph to one Schwarzhuher, who died 2 2d May 1768, aged 78,
ends thus —

ornaVerat His PARENTIS eX VIVIs gratVs ET DeVotVs fILIVs 5^
aVgVstInVs CarMeLIta. = 1768

Another tablet in a comer, placed high up, partly concealed by a
water-pipe and obscured by whitewash. It contains an epitaph
addressed by parents to their deceased children, and is thus dated —
qVIesCIte ergo proLes MoRTViE VIVatIs Deo atqVe oretIs H<
PRO parentIbVs. = 1786

i.e. Rest, therefore, our dead children, and may ye live to God and pray
for your parents.

Another gives the date thus — jf:

oCtobrIs DIe VICesIMa qVarta; decessit. = 1714

i.e. On the 24th day of October he died.

8o LINZ,

AT Linz, on the Danube. In the Ursuline Church, over the prin-
cipal door —
sVb eXCeLso aC VICtorIoso trIVMphantIs angeLICI prIn- 5|c
CIpatVs patroCInIo. =1740

ue. Under the illustrious and victorious patronage of the triumphant and
angelic powers.

In the Carmelite Church, over the chancel arch —
IesV MarIa Ioseph Vos feratIs lis aVXILIa A qVIbVs :^
eCCLesIa obtInVIt sVbsIDIa. = 1859

ue.Jesus^ Maria^ Joseph^ may ye bear help to those from whom this
church has obtained help.

In the vestibule of the same church,^ inscribed over the chapel of
St John Nepomucene. The date is given twice by dividing the
chronogram as marked by the bars —

CapeLLa Coronate VIrtVtIs thronIqVe honorIs sanCto if
IoannI nepoMVCeno ConseCrata, || hIC est InsIgnIs FAMiE = 1726
patronVs qVI sIbI pIos non sInIt ConfVnDI. = 1726

ue. The chapel of crowned virtue and throne of honour^ has been
consecrated to Saint John Nepomucene. He {God) is the patron of
illustrious fame who does not suffer his pious ones to be confounded.

In Linz parish church, over an altar of St John Nepomucene —
beatVs Ioannes nepoMVCenVs InVoCantI In angVstIIs 5^
aDIVtor. = 1737

i.e. The blessed John Nepomucene^ the helper of those who invoke him in
their difficulties.

Outside the same church, at the east end, a tablet to commemorate
certain public benefits conferred by Abbot Alexander is thus dated — if.
CVI gratIas DICIMVs InfInItas. = 17 17

i.e. To whom we c^cord infinite thanks.

Over the gateway of a building opposite the north side of the
same church, beneath the statue of the Virgin Mary — if

HAS ^Des DeCanaLes gLorIosa VIrgo tVerI DIgnetVr. = 17 19
i>. May the glorious Virgin condescend to protect this decanal house.

In the building adjoining the Minorite Church,^ formerly the
monastery, now the municipal offices, over a doorway adjoining the
great hall — if

CiESARl ET statIbVs In DeCoreM = 1708

Chak£ Ver6 posterItatI reCorDatIoneM. = 1708

i.e. In honour of the Emperor and the States, and as a memorial to our
dear posterity.

^ There is another chapel in the vestibule with a long chronogiaphic inscription, which I
was unable to copy for want of sufficient light.

' There are some chronograms in the Minorite Church which I was prevented from
copying. Also one over the altar picture in the Capudn Church, which I could not copy
on account of the bad light, although I went three times for the purpose.

LINZr-VIENNA, 8i

A statue stands on a pedestal outside a church, supported by
two children, naked and chubby, one of whom holds a cross, and
looks up to tiie principal figure, the other points to a page of an open
book, on which are inscribed these words — 5|c

VsqVe In afiCVLVM non DeLebItVr. Eccl: 39. v. 12. = 1727

i,e. He shall not be destroyed for ever.

At the Pilgrimage Church of Postlingberg, on the hill overlook-
ing Linz ; on the chancel arch — 5|c
ARA BKAT^ LVgentIs neCeM fILII qVotIDIe prIVILegIata.= 1774
ue. The privileged altar of the blessed one mourning the death of her son
daily.

IN the Cathedral of Vienna (St Stephen's Church), on a tablet
against a column in the nave — >K

obIIt IDIbVs MensIs IVLII CceLebs et pIVs. iEtatis lxiii. = 1724
i,e. He died on i$thjuly unmarried and pious.

A tablet against another column is thus dated — H^

cui precare viator bonI sVperI ConCeDant reqVIeM. s= 17 13
i.e. For whom O traveller pray^ may the powers above grant rest.

Over an altar against the same column — H^

Coram Deo qVIs hIC erIt. = 1708

i.e. Who will be here before Godf

In St. Peter's Church, on a red marble tablet in an obscure

place, part of a long inscription has this date — *

A regIo C^fiSARE LeopoLDo. I. ET Magno. = 17^2

The inscription concludes thus —

cui se, et sua cum suis hunc lapidem ponendo, Integro *

CorDe DeDICaVIt et anno post septima idus Junias = 1708

In sanCta paCe pIe obDorMIVIt. = 1709

On the Trinity-column in the Graben, the inscription records the
intention of the emperor Leopold i. to protect the religion he pro-
fessed, and concludes thus — 5f
Ita VoVI anno DoMInI saLVatorIs nostrI IesV ChrIstL = 1679
i.e. So I vowed in the year of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.

On the St Mary column, which is surmoimted by a statue of
the Viigin —

In perpetuam rei memoriam statVaM hanC eX Voto ponIt :^
fernanDVs III aVgVstVs.die. 17 mail = 1644

.!>. In perpetual memory of the event Ferdinand in. the august^ placed
this statue in pursuance of a vow.

At Schonbrunn, near Vienna, on the pedestal of a column to the
Virgin Mary, opposite the church —

82 VIENNA— DRESDEN— PRESSBURG.

honorIbVs steLLIs CoRONATiE DElPARiE VIrgInIs pyraMIs 1^
IsTA restItVta fVIt. = 1730

ue. This column of the Virgin mother^ crowned with honours and siars^
wcLS restored.

1 he traveller Philip Skipton, in 1663, relates that the * discalceat
Augustins steeple at Vienna hath these inscriptions on it ' —

1. testaMento aperto CLANGENDiE pIetatIs. = 1652

2. ornaMento LIbero aDept^ paCIs. = 1652

3. OSTENTO APTO CoMPLENDiE ANNOSItATIs. = 1 65 2

i,e. As an open testimony of clanging^ or far-sounding piety (alluding
probably to the church bells). As a free ornament of peace obtained.
As an apt sign of length of days to be fulfilled,

SAXONY has the repute of having been the land of chronogram-
makers, and I exjpected to find some good evidence of their work
in public places or buildings in the capital city ; my search, however,
was fruitless, except as to this one example now in the ' Green Vaults '
museum. A curious wood-carving, about 5 by 3 inches, represents a
sheet of paper creased by folding at right angles, having on it, in raised
letters, twelve rhyming lines in German, a sort of begging-letter
addressed to the Elector John George of Saxony in 1665, t>y a certain
sculptor. It is dated only by this chrongram at its conclusion — *

patrI PATRlfi CeLsIssIMo offert sUbDItUs. = 1665

Tobi . VopaeL". Zittaw.
i,e. The undermentioned offers this to the most high father of the country.
Tobias Vopel of Zdttau,

ON the front of a large building facing the Danube, at Press-
burg—
HAS iEDES popVLVs strVXIt CVrante sknatV VsIbVs Vt if
PATRliE MILItIs esse qVeant. =1761

ix. The people built this house under the care of the senate^ that it might
be for the use of the soldiery of the country,

yJn the front of a large dilapidated, desolate-looking palatial
building in * Batthyanyi Plaz ' at Pressburg —

CVrIa arChIepIsCopaLIs peCVLIo CarDInaLIs IosephI De *
batthIan eXCItata. = 1781

i,e. This archiepiscopal palace wets built at the private expense of
Cardinal Joseph de Batthian,

Outside the Rathhaus at Pressburg, on a red marble tablet, is this
hexameter and pentameter verse; the building, however, is much
older than the date thus indicated —
Vrbs strVXIt teXIt reX Ipse at IWIt IoVa. if

protegIt Vt CaroLVs fert DeVs VrbIs opeM. = 1733

i,e. The city built it^ the king roofed it in^ Jehovah himself helped it,
Charles protects^ and God brings help to the city.

HUNGAR Y-^PRESSBVRG—BUDA-PESTH. 83

Outside a house, painted on a small tablet attached to the wall ;
the letters are very slender, and the words all run together, and are
difficult to make out —

iEDES HAS VItIatas franCIsCVs IosephVs rbX apostoLICVs
aVItIs LIberaLItatIs VestIgIIs InsIstens InsIgnI hoCCe if
spLenDore nItere feCIt. =» i860

i.€, Francis Joseph^ the apostolical kingy treading in the steps of his ances-
tor^ generosity y has made this decayed building to shine with this remark-
able splendour, (He in fact restored an old historical house.)

On the four sides of the pedestal of a monumental pillar near the
Kohl Market, in honour of the Virgin Mary, are the following inscrip-
tions, of which the first only is chronographic —

Apoc: Cap. 12. v. i. aMICta soLe et LVna sVb peDIbVs *
eIVs. = 1723

i.e. Clothed with the sun^ and the moon under her feet
Apoc: 12. V. I. Signum magnum appaniit in coelo.
Luc: I. V. 48, Respexit humilitatem ancillae suae.
Apoc: 12. V. I. In capite ejus corona stellarum duo-
decim.

On the summit of the pillar is a statue of the Virgin crowned with
stars.

OVER the doorway of a building at the Royal Chateau at Buda — *
CaroLVs seXtVs Me fVnDo eLeVabat. = 1730

i.e. Charles VL raised me from the foundation.

Over the chancel arch of a church at Pesth — if

In LoCo Isto DIMItte peCCata serVIs. = i860

i,e. In this place forgive the sins of thy servants,

ot Anna Church at Buda, over the principal door — if

hanC iEDEM pII CLIentes ann^ posVere. = 1758

St. Elizabeth (of Hungary) Church at Buda, over the door.
Copied with difficulty, the words are much run together and crowded;
the inscription makes two hexameter lines, and gives two different
dates, which I am unable to verify — if

His CapVt eXorDIs (sic) fVIt VnICa gratIa MatrIs, = 1731

traXIt In eXCVrsVs sanCtI Mens proVIDa patrIs. = 1740

On a tablet over the door of an old house within the fortress at
Buda—

ifiVo nobIs . CasV tIbI bVDa nefanDo LVX eXtInCta if
reDIt. = 1795

i.e. In our day^ O Buda^ the light which was extinguished by wicked
chance y has come to thee.

84 TIROL, INNSBRUCK.

The meaning of this is obscure ; another modem tablet is affixed
to the house stating in the Hungarian language the names and dates
of many celebrated persons who have occupied it

Jr N the centre of the principal street at Innsbruck, stands a white
L iHarble column, the monument of St. Anna, to commemorate the
efeat of the French and Bavarians on St Anna's day, the 26th July,
1703. The pedestal exhibits much sculptured ornament, with inscrip-
tions on its four sides ; those which are chronograms have the date
letters marked with gilding, and there are also many Bible quotations
which are applicable to the subject, though not needful to elucidate it

The first inscription, not a chronogram, is as follows —
Mariae virginis matri immaculatae filiae Divae Annae, ob if
hostes tarn Bavarium quam Galium anno mdcciii Tyro-
Ham invadentes, utrinque tamen et CEnioponto quidem
in festo S : Annae Tridento autem in nativitate b . m . v .
depulsos Tyrolensis provincia in perpetuam debitae grati-
tudinis tesseram praesens monumentum-ex voto posuit
Le. To the Divine Anna, mother of the Virgin Mary, her immaculate
daughter, the province of the Tyrol has erected this monument by a decree,
as a perpetual mark of merited gratitude, on account of the enemies both
Bavarian and French invading the Tyrol in the year 1703, but repelled
on both sides at Innsbruck on the feast of St. Anna, and at Trent on
the nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

The second inscription —
hVC VsqVe perVenerat hostIs; at non pLVs VLtra, qVare?
qVIa In CassVM Laborat LVpVs VbI eXCVbat brIXIensIs *
PASTOR beatVs CassIanVs. = 1703

i.e. So far has the enemy come, but no further. Why f Because the
wolf strives in vain where watches the blessed shepherd Cassianus, bishop
of Brixen.

The third inscription —
VenIt Leo, VIDIt gaLLVs, non VICIt fVgIt VERb, erVpIt,
eVasIt VterqVe. CVr Ita. VnVs eXterrVIt fVgaVItqVe
eqVes nobILIs CappaDoX hVIVs patrI^ patron Vs sIngVLarIs ^
georgIVs. = 1703

i.e. The lion came, the cock (the Gaul) saw, he did not conquer but fled,
he ran away, he escaped both of them. Why so f One noble knight,
the Cappadocian {? Saint) George, the illustrious patron of this country,
terrified and routed them.

The fourth inscription —
QVlETfe DorMIs fILIa athesIs Inter nepasj qVIa pro te 5|c
VIgILat tWs pIVs pater VIgILIVs. = 1703

i.e. Thou steepest quietly, my daughter Athesis [the river Adige\ among
scorpions ; because thy careful father (Saint) Vigilius watches for thee.
[See Ezekiel 2. v. 6,"

TIROL, INNSBRUCK, BOTZEN, ETC. 85

On the front of an old house at Innsbruck —
restaVror post horrenDos ContInVo and VLtra perpessos :+:
TERRJE MotVs— ANNO 1 5cx>— RestauratUHi tertio 1782. = 1671
ie, lam restored after dreadful earthquakes endured for more than a
year.

The house was probably built in 1500. Restored after the earth-
quakes in 167T ; and again restored in 1782.

In the little church of St John Nepomuc at Innsbruck, over an
altar in the nave —

honorI DIVI ChrIstI MartyrIs fLorICInI IgnIs noXII pro- 5|c
pVLsorIs. = 1834

ue. To the honour of the martyr for Christ, the holy Eloricinus, the
averter of noxious fire.

In the little cloistered cemetery of St Nicholas Church at Inns-
bruck, on a marble tablet against the church wall —

DoLete + pLorate

hIC

pIe IaCet

IaCobVs antonInVs porrogger

eCCLesIa sanCtI nIChoLaI

epIsCopI benefICIatVs 5|C

CVratVs. = 1738

i,e. Grieve, lament. Here lies James Anionine Porrogger, the ben^ced
curate of this church of Saint Nicholas, bishop.

The inscription contains also the date 1738 in figures.

ON a marble tablet outside the Kaiser Krone Inn at Botzen — :>|c

haeC DoMVs pLaCebat aVgVsto. 1765

ue. This house was satisfactory to the emperor.

Probably Joseph 11., son of the Emperor of Germany Francis i.
and of Maria Theresa. He succeeded to the throne in 1765.

Over the entrance-door of the same inn (communicated by Dr.
Brushfield, who copied it in 1876) —

franCIsCVs I Caesar et LoDoVICa ConIVX In hIs aeDIbVs
pernoCtabant. XXVII oCtobrIs. = 18 15

i.e. The emperor Francis \., and Lodovica his wife, passed the night in
this house. 27 October.

This alludes to another Emperor, Francis i. of Austria. He became
Francis 11. of Germany in 1792, and Emperor of Austria only in 1804.
He died in 1835.

Inscribed under a figure of the saint inside a small chapel at
Botzen, near a bridge — 5|c

DIVo IoannI nepoMVCeno proteCtorI. = 17 14

i.e. To the holy John of Nepomuk, the protector.

For particulars concerning this saint, see index, ' Nepomuk.'

86 TIROL.

In the church of Atzwang, a village about ten miles from Botzen,
on scrolls, among the carved wood ornament of the pulpit
VoX CLaMantIs agIte Veros DIgnos qVe frVCtVs pcenI- 5|c
tentIa =s 1790

ue. The voice of one crying out, bring {or perform) fruits true and worthy
of repentance. See Matt. 3. v. 3.

On the west front of the church at Gries, near Botzen —
In honoreM sanCtI patrIs aVgVstInI CLarI ECCLESliE 5|c
CATHoLICiE propVgnatorIs. = 1774

ue. In honour of the holy father, the renowned Augustinus, defender of
the Catholic Church.

On the upper part of the church tower at the village of Tasens,
Tirol— ?K

regI SiECVLoRVM Ita DIVo LaVrentIo LaVs et gLorIa, = 1830
i>. to the king of ages, so to the holy Laurence, be praise and glory.

On the front of a chapel at Ried, Tirol, is a fresco painting j the
Madonna is represented descending from the clouds bearing the
model of a building ; and this inscription — ^

prIMI a«CVLI rIeDensIs Corona. = 1 760

The meaning is obscure, but it will bear this simple translation — Of the
first age, or century, the crown of Ried.

At Toblach in Tirol, on the ceiling of the parish church, which
is ornamented with good fresco painting, is this inscription —
DIVI IoanIs atqVe sebastIanI honorIbVs pIa ferVensqVe ^
ComVnItas eXstrVXIt hoC op Vs. = 1770

i.€. A pious and earnest community has raised this work to the honour of
Saint John and Saint Sebastian.

Observe the mark of contraction in order to avoid the extra letter
M in the word * communitas,' which would have added 1000 years to
the date.

At Innichen in Tirol, over the door of Saint Michael's church — :^
sanCte MIChaeLI tIbI DeVotIs assIste. = 1760

i.e. Holy Michcul! assist those devoted to thee.

And inside, over the chancel arch —
reparatIo LVCIferI, VICtorI DeIparjE DefensorI, eCCLesI^ if.
hVIatIs tItVLarI, sIngVLa eX /eqVo trVtInantI, saCrata. = 1760
i.e. The restoration work of ^ Lucifer^ consecrated to the victorious
defender of the Virgin, the titular saint of this church, who weighs all
things justly.

This interpretation is perhaps questionable.

Niederdorf church, on a monumental slab in the graveyard, is an
epitaph to various members of a family, concluding thus —

TIROI^CONSTANCE. 87

SIE RUHEN IN FRIDEN . ZU EINER CHRISTLICHEN
GEDECHTNUS . 1st DIse gegenWertIge DenCkhshrIfft *
aVfgesteLLet WorDen. = 1729

i>. Tk^ rest in peace. As a Christian memorial this present monument
has been erected.

In the parish church of Gossnass, on the Brenner road, Tirol,
under a fresco painting on the ceiling, representing Christ driving the
dealers out of the temple. Probably it marks &e date of all the
ceiling decoration — , 5|«:

CcepIt peLLere De teMpLo. • ' =1751

i>. He began to drive them out of the temple.

1 he following were procured from a rural parish by Doctor
Oskar Frankfurter. Chronograms are abundant in the Tirol to mark
local events ; the appointment of a new pastor, and even his age, or a
village festival, are circumstances worthy to be so commemorated.
Their composition, however, is frequently careless, little regard being
paid to the necessity of avoiding superfluous letters. These, full of
such faults, are inscribed on a rifle target at . . .
sCharf avf die sCheIb in deM tIrolerLand

sCharf avf dIe feInd am Donaustrand. = 1854

i.e. Hit on the target in Tirol^ hit on the enemy at the Danube.
Die feLsenbvrg die gott Vns gab
bewaChen Vnsere waffen
Vnd will der feInd eIn kvhLes grab

tIroL wirds ihM versChaffen. = 1868

i.e. Our arms guard the rocky fortress that God gave us^ and if the
enemy desires a silent tomb, Tirol will procure it for him.

DOCH NIMMER TRiEGT DER FREIe MaNN
zVM BLOSSEN SPIEL DIE WEHRE

eIn tropf der sIe niCht bravChen kann

fVr freIheit, reCht, Vnd ehre. = 1869

i.e. Never does the free man wear the weapon for mere play ; he is a
duffer who cannot use it for freedom, justicCy and honour.

IN St Stephen's Church, Constance, over the vestry door — :<«:

VoLVntarIe saCrIfICabo tIbI DoMIne IesV. = 1772
i.e. I will sacrifice to thee willingly j O Lord Jesus.

And over another door — H^

fIat saCrIfICIVM LaVDIs et IVstItLe. = 1773
Le. Let the sacrifice of praise and justice be done.

V ery few chronograms are to be met with in Italy. During
several tours, extending generally all over the land, and observing
carefully some thousands of inscriptions, I have collected only these
two.

88 ITALY.

In the church of S. Maria degli Angeli at Rome, there is inserted
among the marble of the inlaid floor, close to the wall, in the dextral
section of the church, a small slab of coloured marble, with a border
oval in shape, and about i6 by lo inches in size, containing an inscrip-
tion thus — 5|c
IaCobVs . Ill . D . g . Magnae . brItannIae . et . C . reX . = 1721
The word rex is on the front of a crown which surmounts the oval ;
and inside the oval is felix temporvm reparatio (not a chrono-
gram).

/.«. James the Thirds by the grace of God^ of Great Britain^ etc,^ king.
The happy reparation of the times.

This alludes to some event in the career of the * Pretender,' the son
of James the Second of England. He led a dissipated life at Rome.
He was acknowledged by Louis xiv. as King James the Third in
1 701. He married Princess Maria Clementina of Poland in 17 19 ; his
first son was bom 31st December 1720, his second son in 1725.
Separation from his wife afterwards took place. He died in 1765,
and was buried at Rome, but not in this church. The chronogram
date, 1721, probably alludes to the birth of his son, the young
Pretender.

The inscription * Felix temporum reparatio ' (translated ' L'heureux
renouvellement des temps ') occurs on a Dutch medal to commemo-
rate the peace of 1697. And 'Felicium temporum reparatio' is on
medals of Constantine and his sons Constantius and Constans. An-
other form of the inscription is on a German medal of 1705.

At Siena, in Italy, over one of the gates of the city, the Porta
Camollia, this inscription was put in 1604 to commemorate the visit
of the Grand Duke of Tuscany —

Cor MagIs tIbI sena panDIt. = 1604

i.e. Siena opens her heart more completely to thee.

CONCERNING THE HISTORY OF
HOLLAND AND THE NETHERLANDS.

VENTS in the history of these countries have been
marked by chronograms, from the time when the
dominion of Spain over them was becoming weak, and
Holland had commenced the revolt which resulted in
the establishment of its independence ; and when also
the Netherlands Provinces were a mixed possession of Spain and the
Imperial house of Austria. Foreign influences, Spanish, German,
French, English, were exercised with varying success and failure in
this extensive field of political and social change ; hard times and
cruel wars were endured by the inhabitants while the events were in
progress. The historian gives us the consecutive narration of them,
and the chronogram-maker goes over the ground, marking those suit-
able for his purpose to use as illustrations. The following is a group
of chronograms arising out of such history; there are however others,
which for convenience' sake I have placed elsewhere in this volume,
such as the allusions to Flemish monasteries, and the pageants held
on the arrival of some of the Spanish and Austrian governors.

A special feature in this group of Flemish chronograms is the
. prevalence of the hexameter and pentameter verse and the epigram-
matic style of composition. It is needful also to observe that the
letter D (= 500) is seldom counted. To the later ones, where the D
is counted, German authorship may be attributed.

i he destruction committed by the iconoclasts in the churches of
Flanders, especially at Valenciennes, is thus dated by Opmeerus —
adVersVs regeM qVod frVstra eXtoLLerIs aVdaX, Bi

VaLLenCena doCet dVra rVIna, CaVe. = 1567

U€. Because thau^ O bold one^ raisest up thyself against the King^ Valen-
ciennes a stem ruin tecuhes thee^ beware I

90 NETHERLANDS HISTOR V.

The Spaniards carried on the war in Holland with great cruelty ;
a certain poet and theologian, Cornelius Musius, was ^martyred'
barbarously at Delft on * 4 Idus ' (loth) December 1572 ; the following
lines were written thereon by Amoldus Sasbourius, formerly the
president of the secret council of the King of Spain —

^ Martyris egregii meruit qui sanguine nomen,
Unus tu, Musi, dicier ille potes.'
Moreover Joannes Bollius, a priest of Louvain, made this ' pleasant '
chronogram on the circumstance —

MVsIVs ESt FATO heV fVnCtVs : bed non sIne fato Bi

qVI In ChrIsto hIC VIXIt, nVnC VIVIt non sIne ChrIsto. = 1572
t.e. One who by his blood has deserved the name of a distinguished
martyr^ thoUy O Musius^ art able to be called thai one.

Alas t Musius has been disposed of byfate^ and yet not without a fatty
for he who has lived here in Christy now lives with Christ.

JMedal to Antony de Strale, 'Dominus de Merxem et Dam-
brugge/ II Aug. 1568. Executed, having been first tortured, by
order of the Spanish governor, the Duke of Alva —
antonIVs a straLe ConsVL antWerpIensIs InIVsta aLbanI
gVbernatorIs sententIa pro IVre PAXRliE VILVorDLe a
DeCoLLatVs fVIt. = 1568

i.e. Antoine de Strah^ Burgomaster ofAntwerp^ was beheaded at Vilvorde
for the liberties of his country ^ by the unjust sentence of Alva the governor.
Vilvorde, in Brabant, was sJso the scene of the martyrdom of William
Tyndale, the English reformer, and translator of the Bible.

At Alcmar, in North Holland, the following hexameter line is
inscribed in the great church, near the roof in the south transept It
alludes to the defeat of the Spaniards, who besieged the town in 1573,
the general insurrection in Holland against Spain having commenced
the year before — jjc

CLareat oCtobrIs LVX oCtaVa aLCMarIanIs. = 1573

i.e. Let the eighth day of October be illustrious to the people of Alcmar.

A medal of Westfnesland, on the victory of the Dutch over the
Spanish navy commanded by the Count of Bossu, on i ith October

1573—

door LoVter gheWeLt, Van MenICh heLt

DER VrIIe WestVrIesChe natIe
Werd bossoV geVeLt: dIt hIer geseLt, F

TOT LOFTEKEN VaN GOTS GRATIe. = 1 5 73

i.e. By the mere force of many a hero of the Westfrisian nation^ was
Bossu conquered ; this is represented here as a sign of praise for God*s
mercy. The letters d are not counted. •

The treaty for the surrender of Groningen in 1594, by Spain, when
it became a member of the United Provinces under William the Silent,
of Nassau, is described in a book, * Historia Belgica nostri, etc,' by
A. K Meteranus, 1598, and this chronogram marks the date —

NETHERLANDS HISTORY. 9 1

qVIntILI In patrIVM foeDVs gronInga re Versa est,

ET noVa nassoVIs parta TROPa«A VIrIs. 23. ivLii. s= 1594

uc, Groningen returned into the national confederation^ and new trophies
were gained for the men of Nassau on 2idjuly.

Antwerp was besieged by the Spaniards under the Duke of Alva
and taken in 1576. Dreadful slaughter, with the perpetration of
shocking cruelties, ensued. The events are described in Motley's
history. He says — 'The Spaniards seemed to cast off even the
vizard of humanity. Hell seemed emptied of its fiends, etc etc' —
qVarta heVI LVCe rVIt antVerpIa VICta noVeMbrIs •SV

CIVe orbata, eXVta Lare, aC eXVta nItore. = 1576

ie. Antwerp fallsy conquered on the fourth of November^ deprived of
citizens^ of household gods^ and splendour.

The Emperor of Germany sent a live elephant to the Netherlands
for the entertainment of his subjects. A gigantic model of it formed
a part of the decorations of the city of Antwerp on the occasion of the
arrival of the Archduke Ernest as governor in 1594, and it is described
by Bochius^ somewhat in these words, accompanied with a large en-
graving of it: — 'Presently in proceeding to the old fish-market an
elephant of vast size presented itself in the way of the Archduke,
which sort of animal, because it was so seldom seen by the Belgians
or by the rest of Europeans, the people of Antwerp produce in their
annual pageant ; one had been sent by Emanuel, King of Portugal,
to the Emperor Ferdinand, in the year indicated by these words * —

brabantInI VIDerVnt eLephanteM. = 1563

ie. The people of Brabatit have sun the elephant.

On the same occasion, the arrival of Archduke Ernest, the fol-
lowing was inscribed on a triumphal arch (the letters d are not
counted) —

saLVe, dVX anIMI PRiESTANS, CVI dIVIte CornV \
affVndVnt sVa VIrtVtes praLVstrIa dona : ( _

aspICe fronte hILarI, terra, 6 optate poLoqVe, j "" '^^^

GENS hIspana tVo dIgn^ qVa ponIt honorI. )

On a severe winter, when horses and carriages traversed the
Scheld (stated to be) from 14th November 1564 to i8th February
1564-5. There must be something wrong in the original, the chrono-
gram makes 1477. The letters d are not counted —
ConCVrrVnt Modo sChaLda geLV ad nataLIa XrI (jiV).

On the prevention of hostilities between the people of Louvain
and Mechlin. The letters d are not counted —

Vt sIt Charta DEO pIetas LaVs CLara LoVanII B

tertIa septeMbrIs CondoCet orta dIes. = 1572

^ Descriptio publicae gratulationU in adventu principis Ernesti, omnia a Joanne Bochio
oonscripta. Antverpix, 1695.

92 NETHERLANDS HISTOR K

The following is taken from * Historia Belgicorum tumultuum,' by
R Eremundus : Amsterdam, 1641, 12**. The Duke of Alva closely
besieged the city of Mechlin, and as there was no prospect of relief
from without, the defenders made a sally and were defeated. The
town was taken and sacked, the wretched inhabitants were slaughtered
without distinction of persons or sex, and with great cruelty. * In
perpetual memory of the event this chronographic verse was made ' —
hIspanIs, beLgIs, MeChLInIa beLLa seCVndo B

heV doLor, oCtobrIs aspera pr«da fVIt. = 1572

Le, Alas grief! beautiful Mechlin was on the second of October a bitter
prey to the Spaniards and to the Belgians. The letters d are not
counted.

The following indicates the complaint of the oppression of the
Belgians by their Spanish rulers. Observe the pun on the word
•abiit'—
betICa gens abIIt, CVr pLoras beLgICa? dICaM,

Respondent I £

A qVod In O non est LIttera Versa qVeror. ) = 1577

i.e. The Betic race {the Spaniards) is gone^ why dost thou lament^ O
Belgian ? I will say, I complain because the letter A is not changed
into O. {That is to say abiit into obiit, gone but not dead,) This pro-
bably alludes to the evacuation of Antwerp by the foreign troops.

On the establishment of peaceful government by the Austrians in
Brabant —
paCe bona beat aVstrIades te beLga sed Ipse B

faC tIbI CVM ChrIsto paX sIt et ICte sape. = 1577

Le, The Austrian blesses thee^ O Be^uni^ with happy peace^ but do thou
makepeace for thyself let there be peace with Christy and having been
smitten do thou be wise.

On the arrival of the Austrian governor at Brussels and the estab-
lishment of peace.
te beat aVstrIades MaII brVXeLLa CaLendIs \ Bi

Cedant beLLa togIs, pIgnora paCIs habes. > = 1577

i.e. Brussels blesses thee^ thou son of Austria^ on the calends of May.
Let war give place to the robCy thou hast the pledges of pecue.
beLgICa paX redIIt VIrIdI CIngaMVr oLIVa 7 Bi

aVstrIaCVs VIVat, VIVat et aVrIaCVs. j = 1577

i.e. The Belgian peace has returned^ let us be bound with the green olive
branchy long live the Austrian^ and long live Orange,

On the death of Vigilius, President of the Council of Holland, on
8th May 1577 —

VIgILIVs oCtaVA (fLet trIstIs frIsIa) MaI^e B

asCendIt L^tI spLendIda teCta poLI. = 1577

i.e, Friesland weepSy Vigilius on the Sth May ascends to the spletidid
dwellings above. The letters d are not counted.

NETHERLANDS HISTORY.

On the inauguration of Ernest Bauer as Bishop of Li^ge —
EN VbI "IMarCeLLI soLennIs CIrCVLVs Instat, B

PASTOR oVes Latans tentat adIre sVas. = 1 58 1

ue. Behold! when the solemn * Circulus MarullV is at hand the joyful
shepherd strives to approach his flock.

On the surrender of Bonn. * Charles was captured by his own
soldiers, Ernest the prince-bishop giving him up. Hence Bonn, it is
said, was taken on the day sacred to Charles the Great, unde, carmen
hoc chronicum accipe ' —

Magne tIbI CVnCtI gratantVr CaroLe, bonna, B

pontIfICI preCIbVs, serVIt aperta tVIs. = 1584

ix. O great Charles, all people congratulate thee, Bonn (the rest is
obscure).

The city of Bedberg being besieged, the garrison surrendered, and
were allowed to depart without arms, promising not to fight against
Ernest the prince-bishop for six months. The narrative proceeds —
Atque hora quarta post meridiem beDbergI fVrIas sVperaVIt

nonA MartI, et

hesperIas nono MartI fVgIente sVb VnDas ) B

soLe fVrens baVaro bebber aperta fVIt. ) = 1584

i,e. On the gth March at 4 p.m. he overcame the fury of Bedberg,

and On the gth March, the sun setting below the western waters,

the furious Bedberg was open to the Bavarians, (There must be some-
thing wrong in the original, the first chronogram makes 15 19, and it
shoiSd be 1584.)

Concerning Ghent in 1584* The people beheaded their consul
Hembis, and exposed the body to public ignominy in a period of dis-
order and anarchy, ' thus the enemies of the king fought among them-
selves, as the king would have done against his own enemies ; hence
in the words of Psalm 10 ' — B

iEQVlTATEM VIDIt WLtVs eIVs; and of Psalm 20, = 1584

DoMIne In VIrtVte tVa LetabItVr reX. = 1584

i.e. His countenance has seen justice, O Lord, the king shall rejoice in
thy power,

Antwerp suffered greatly when besieged by the French, who were
at length repulsed with great slaughter, and little damage to the
citizens. The event was commemorated by this inscription put on
the gate : * quam Kipdorpicam vocant incolae.' Bi

aVXILIVM sVIs DeVs. = 1583

le, God {brings) help to his own.

Turbulent proceedings at Ghent, in which one Embisius was
implicated, and suffered by the loss of his head, in this year —
tV CaLVInIstIs fVeras CapVt 6 eMbIsI, Bi

parCere sed CapItI non dIdICere tVo. = 1584

i,e. Thou, O Embisius, wert the head of the Calvinists, but they learned
not to spare thy head.

94 NETHERLANDS HISTOR V.

On the recovery of the town of Lier and the preservation of the
inhabitants from the dangers of the war, * Prid. Id. Oct cio lo xcv.'
heV deCIMA qVartA oCtobrIs, sed fata tVLerVnt Bi

hostIbVs eXpVLsIs Capta, reCepta LIra. = 1595

Albert, Archduke of Austria, Cardinal, Governor of the Nether-
lands, comes to Brussels, and Philippus Numannus, an 'actuarius'
there, made this chronogram on the event —

Vndenos febrVo dVM soL ConCLVderet ortVs, Bi

brVXeLL^ aLbertVs regIa teCta tenet. = 1596

i.€. When the sun was finishing his eleventh course in February^ Albert
occupies the royal dwelling at Brussels.

Concerning the war, and the city of Neuss, in Westphalia —
nVssIa de nIhILo Vang sIC ngMIne dICta B

nVnC Vero nIhIL est, nILqVe deCorIs habet. = 1585

i,e, Neuss called from nothing with an empty name, now indeed if is
nothing, and has no beauty. The allusions are obscure. The letters
D are not counted.

An old engraving representing Neuss suffering the effects of siege
and fire, with this epigram, very much resembling the foregoing one.
The letters d are not counted —
nVssIa de nIhILg Vang CogngMIne dICta

nVssea sic nVLLa, es, nVssea nVHa. = 1586

The city was captured by the Duke of Parma, and great atrocities
were committed ; it is related that soldiers, robbers, all the people
were slain, the town was sacked, and a senator was hung at the window
of his own house on 26th July,

ngVesIgn saCro reseraVIt Marte IaCgbVs^ B

VICta CrVentaVIt fgrtIgr anna^ LoCa. = 1586

ue.James^ has unlocked Neuss by a holy war^ Anna"^ the braver has
ensanguined the conquered places.

The capture of Neuss was also thus indicated —
nVssIa, feCerVnt, qVod Capta, IaCgbVs^ et anna,^ B

gLgrIa sgLa deg, LaVs tIbI parMa dVCI. = 1586

ue. James and Anne ^ have so acted that Neuss is taken^ glory alone to
God^ praise be to thee^ 0 Duke of Parma. The letters d are not counted.

On the proclamation of a peace with Spain the populace cried out
* Long live the King of Spain.' A medal thus inscribed gives the
date— B

franCICa CVM beLgIs CgnCVrrVnt fcedera neXV. = 1582

i.e. The alliance of France with Flanders is affirmed by a mutual knot.
And after three years it was sarcastically said — B

franCICa CVM beLgIs, nVnC VIX, sInt fcedera IVnCta. = 1585
i.e. Let the French treaties with the BelgianSy which are now hardly so^
become firfny or. Let there be a treaty between France and Belgium^ which
at present is hardly the case. The letters d are not counted.

' I^ is not explained who these people were.

NETHERLANDS HISTORY. 95

On the submission of Antwerp, after a distressing siege, to Alex-
ander Famese, Duke of Parma, the Spanish commander in Belgium ;
the allusion is obscure —

VIrgo LegIt spICas antWerpIa CoLLa potentIs, B

sVbIICIt hIspanI prInCIpIs IMperIo. = 1585

i.€. The Virgin gathers thorns (^) (or harvest f ) and Antwerp bows her
neck to the empire of the powetful Spanish prince {Philip IL),

The united provinces of Holland having solicited aid from England,
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, was sent by Queen Elizabeth to the
Hague, to be Governor of the Netherlands. Public rejoicings took
place on 4th January, and a triumphal arch was decorated with a
painting of a rose, surrounded by burning candles, and inscribed,
not ' Live the King of Spain/ but ' Vivat Regina,' and underneath was
this chronogram —

fLoreat ileC seMper rosa, CVIVs honore reVIXIt, B

beLgIa LangVesCens, regIna saCra potentI. = 1586

i.e. May this rose^ sacred to a powetful queen^ flourish for ever^ by the
honour of whom languishing Belgium has revived.

Concerning Berchem. Frederic, Duke of Saxony, died at the seat
of war, of a fever, from drinking too much new wine on nth Decem-
ber, and was buried with much pomp in Cologne Cathedral on 8th
January following.

beLLIpotens ChrIsto freDerICVs saXo VoCatVs, B

sIDera, te ChIron, soLe VIgente, tenet. = 1586

{sic.)

The church of St James, the tutelar saint of Spain, at Bonn, built
by the Empress St. Helena, was destroyed by lightning in 1590.
ADES qVaM CeLebrIs BONNiE ConstrVXIt heLena, Bi

IaCobI festo fVLgVre taCta rVIt. = 1590

ue. The church which the renowned Helena built at Bonn falls struck by
lightning on the feast day of Saint James,

On the death in 1603 of Frederic Spinola, the admiral of the
Spanish fleet employed on the coast of Holland. [By Max. Vrientius.]
CoRDE IthaCVs, deXtrA aaCIdes, paLInVrVs In VndA Bi

spInoLa, sVLPHVREiE fVLMIne gLandIs obIt. = 1603

i,e. Spinola an Ithacan at hearty a son ofASacus in mighty a Palinurus
on the sea^ dies by the explosion of a bomb.

On the termination of the siege of Bois-le-duc. [By M. Vrientius] —
saCra IoVI sILVa est, MILVI proCVL este bataVI, Bi

aVstrIaCIs aqVILIs non nIsI sILVa patet. = 1603

i,e. The wood is sacred to Jove^ ye Batavian kites keep away^ the
wood is open only to the Austrian ea^es. {Silva^ i.e, Silvchducis^ Bois-
le-duc.)

Maurice Buquoy, a military officer employed at the taking of
Wachtendonck. The historian introduces this under the date 1605 ;
the chronogram makes 1560.

96 NETHERLANDS HISTORY.

bVqVoII VIrtVs dVbIIs qVId possIt In arMIs, Bi

WaChtendonCka graVI CLade sVbaCta doLes.
1.^. What can the valour of Buquoy do in doubtful arms^ Wachtendonck^
thou grievest being subdued with heavy slaughter.

Anno 1605. Bergenopzoom was besieged, and the inhabitants
were deficient in bravery in the defence. Max. Vrientius made this
jocose chronogram —

neC berga hesperIIs, neC CessIt geLdra bataVIs Bi

eXCLVsVs PRiEDA MILWs VterqVe sVa est. = 1605

i.e. Neither has Bergenopzoom yielded to the Westerns {the Spaniards)^
nor has Gelders yielded to the Batavians^ either of them as a bird of
preyy is excluded from his booty.

The Marquis Ambrose Spinola, the Spanish commander, on the
arrival of the Archduke at Brussels as Governor, departed to Spain,
making his journey through France. Max. Vrientius made this
chronogram thereupon —

VenIt, VICIt, abIt, tWs ILLe 6 beLgICa VIndeX Bi

spInVLa, spIna abIens, et rosa pVLCra Manens. = 1605

Le, Spinola came^ conquered^ and departed^ he thy vindicator^ O Belgium^
the thorn departing and the fair rose remaining, (Observe the play on
the words Spinula and Spina,)

On the establishment of peace in Belgium, * many verses were
written, Judocus de Weerdt was the principd composer ;* * this is one
of them' —

beLgIa dIV dIsCors fVIt eXItIaLIbVs arMIs, Bi

nVnC eXpers LVCtVs fcedera paCIs habet. = 1609

i,e, Belgium was for a long time at war with destructive arms^ now
being free from grief it has a treaty of peace.

On the siege of Ostende, begun in 1601, finished in 1604. The
name, it was said, is an omen of peace — ^ C

ostenDe nobIs paCeM. = 1601

ostenDaM InItIa paCIs. = 1604

i,e. Show to us peace, — I will show the beginning of peace,

A medal representing the siege of Ostende — Aa

Itane fLanDrIaM LIberas Iber? = 1604

XPY2EA XAAKEION.
i,e. Is it thusy 0 Spaniard, that thou deliverest Flanders f and that from
gold you turn it to copper 1 (i,e, from prosperity into poverty).

On the surrender of Ostende, part of a sentence and a play on the
name of Spinola — Bi

ostenDa erasIt fataLIs spInoLa spInaM. = 1604

i,e. Spinola extracted the thorn {spinam)from the fated Ostende,

The peace which followed was commemorated by a medal, with
this simple inscription — quiesco , cId . Idc . ix. i,e, I rest^ 1609.

^ It is related in 'Les dellces des Pays-bas,' by J. B. Christyn, ed. 1720, that this siege
lasted 3 years, 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days, and 3 hours ; the city was taken on 12th Sep-
tember 1604, by Ambrose Spinola, the general of the army of the Archduke.

NETHERLANDS IIISTOR V. 97

Medal on the peace between Philip iii. of Spain and the United
Provinces — A

reqVIes post tot DIsCrIMIna. = 1609

i.e. Rest after so many dangers.

Medal on an event in the war of the period, on which Le Clerc
makes this remark, ' Spain finding she could not reduce the United
Provinces, and that even the inundations fought against her, tried to
parley for peace, and to treat them as a free and independent nation ;
to what fatal extremities was proud Spain reduced/ Aa

NON teMere faLLItVr non fIDens. = 1607

ue. You do not easily deceive him who is suspicious.

Medal on the negotiation for peace between the commanders
Prince Maurice and the Marquis de Spinola — Aa

et DoMInVs perfICIet pro eIs.9.april. = 1609

i,e. And the Lord will ctccompiish it for them,

A medal referring to the siege and capture of Jiilich on the
frontier of Netherlands and Lower Rhine, by Prince Maurice of
Nassau, has this date — F

eXpVgnat IVLIiE robVr VI MaVrItIVs DVX. = 1610

i,e, Maurice the general takes by storm the strength ofjuliers.

At Utrecht. The epitaph of Joachimus Hamconius, a distinguished
priest, contains this verse —

LaVrea qVId soPHliE ? qVId saCra LICentIa, et ordo ? Bg

pVLpIta qVId? VeLoX transVoLat oMne deCVs. = 1607

i.e. What is the laurel of wisdom 9 IVhat is the sacred liberty and
order ? What is the pulpit f All glory quickly passes away.

At Bommel in Gelderland. The tower of the church was burnt
in 1 538, this chronogram was afterwards put thereon —
haC habVIt tVrrIs fastIgIa, fVLMIne fLagrans Bg

CorrVIt, aC toto VertICe nVda stetIt. = 1538

Le. This tower had pinnacles^ set on fire by lightning itfell^ and stands
deprived of its whole summit.

At Zierikzee in Zeeland. The history mentions the burning of
the church by lightning in 1466. This chronogram was afterwards
put up in allusion to the words of an introit, * Terribilis est locus iste,'
taken from Genesis xxviii. verse 17, which had been usually sung at
the annual dedication festival, and it may be inferred from the
chronogram that the disaster happened on its eve — Bg

Cras Cane terrIbILIs: non possVM; CVr? CadIt IgnIs. = 1466
i.e. To-morrow sing terribilis : /cannot; Why? Fire falls.

Breda is described by Grammaye the historian (who published his
book in 1708) as a splendid and important city; the following two
chronograms appear to have been made by him, respectively 250
and 1 70 years after the events which they indicate — Be

aLta BREDiB tVrrIs MarCeLLI noCte Cadebat. = 14s 7

i.e. The high tower of Saint Marcellus at Breda fell in the night.

98 NETHERLANDS HISTORY,

The other consists of the concluding words of a chapter, * Bredanae
fortune vicissitudines carmine expressas libet subjurigere ' —
AN tIbI LaVs fronsberChe erat InVICtA Vrbe paCIsCI? Be

hostI neMpe anno hoC est breda prada tVo. = 1527

ue. Was it any praise to theCy O Fronsberg^ to covenant with a conquered
city f Indeed in this year Breda is a prey to thy enemy. This Frons-
berg, a German military commander, died in 1536.

Breda seems to have been unfortunate in the matter of its towers ;
a description of Breda by T. E. van Goor, Hague, 1744, thus
mentions a disaster, ' Anno milleno centeno bis duodeno, castrum de
Breda cum turn corruit alta' (ix, in 11 24). And a large engravmg
of the church of Saint Marcellus shows the present condition of the
tower, and (by a folding addition) its height before the fire, which is
alluded to by some verses concluding with this chronogram —
Van't bLIXIM VIer VerVonkt, InVaLLen en VerbranDen. = 1699
/.^. By a flash of lightning it was caughtyfeil down^ and burnt,

A book, ' Obsidio Bredana armis Philippi iv. auspiciis Isabellas,
ductu Ambr: Spinola perfecta.' By Herman Hugo, Antwerp, 1626,
folio (Lambeth Palace Library, 18. c 15). It contains the three
following chronograms —

' Programma chronicum portu Hagensi afiixum.'
phILIppVs HlsPANliE reX gVbernante Isabella CLara eVgenIa
obsIDente spInoLa hostIbVs frVstra In sVppetIas ConIVran-
tIbVs breDa VICTOR potItVr. = 1625

i,e, Philipy king of Spain, when Isabella Clara Eugenia was governing^
Spinola besieging, the enemies in vain combining towards the relief gains
Breda as conqueror,

aMbrosI spInoL^ VIgILantIa breDa eXpVgnata. = 1625

ie, Breda captured by the skill cf Ambrose Spinola,

reX breDaM CepIt qVInta IVnII. = 1625

i,e. The king took Breda on the ^th of June.

Breda was besieged by the Spaniards in 1625, for eleven months ;
the following chronograms, somewhat varied from the foregoing ones,
further illustrate the occasion — Ba

arte InVasa prIVs, DeIn Marte sVbaCta fVIstL = 1625

anno reX saCro breDaM sIbI IVngIt IberVs. = 1625

phILIppVs reX hIspanLe, gVbernante IsabeLLA CLarAJ
eVgenIA InfantA, spInoLa obsIDente, qVaternIs regIbVs >= 1625
frVstra ConIVrantIbVs breDA VICtor potItVr, j

i,e. Invaded first by skilly thou wert then subdued by force. In the sacred
year the Spanish king unites Breda to himself, Isabella Clara Eugenia
the Infanta being regent, Spinola besieging, four kings combining in vain,
Philip the king of Spain gains Breda as conqueror.

The destruction of the town of Balliolum by fire in 12 13 has been
thus marked — {sic,) C

baLLIoLVM InCendItVr. = 1263

i,e, Balliolum [Berchem? or Bailleulf or Belle?] is burnt. This
chronogram was probably made four centuries later.

NETHERLANDS HISTOR V. 99

Teruana sive Morinum (the province of Boulogne); the destruction
of a town and cathedral by the soldiers of Charles v. was thus
marked — C

DeLetI MorInI. = 1553

t.e. The things of Morinum are destroyed.

On the building of the town of Bois-le-duc in 1 184, this chronogram
was probably made by J. B. Grammaye, circa 1700, about 680 years
after the event — Be

godefrIdVs dVX e sILVa feCIt oppIdVM. = 11 84

i>. Duke Godfrey out of a wood made a town.

At Dendermonde, the epitaph on the wife of Jacobus Sexagius
commences with this double chronogram and anagram. The same
letters compose each line — Be

MarIa De sestICh = 1602

aCh/ MIta DeserIs. = 1602

Qu6 properas mea Vita ? Nimis properasse dolebis,
Hue ubi soUicitos ventilat uma reos.
Cur MIta DeserIs ? aCh ! Quis te malus abstulit error.
i.e. Why dost thou desert nte? Ah! what unfortunate error has taken Be
thee away? =: 1602

A medal struck in Holland by order of the Senate to commemo-
rate the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot (which endangered James i.
of England and the Parliament then assembled). The obverse repre-
sents a snake gliding amongst lilies and roses, inscribed detectvs
QVi LATViT. s. a On the reverse is the radiate name of Jehovah
within crown of thorns, inscribed — Aa

NON DorMItastI antIstes IaCobI. = 1605

i.e. Thou hast not slept, thou protector of James.

Medal relating to the peace between Holland and Spain by the
treaty of Westphdia, when the independence of Holland was recog-
nised by Europe — A
gaVDIa brVXeLLaM paX eXortata reVIsIt. = 1648
i.e. Joy, the wishedf or peace has returned to Brussels.

Another medal on the same treaty, signed by the Emperor of
Germany and the kings of France and Sweden — Aa

CiESARlS ET REGVM IVnXIt PAX aVrEA DeXtRAS. 24. SBRIS.= 1648

i.e. Golden peace has joined the right hands of the emperor and the kings.
24M September.

Medal to Albert and Isabella of Austria and Spain. The obverse
is inscribed, ViglHis faustoque labore. i.e. By vigilance and
happy labour. The reverse has A

fIDeLIs reVoLVtIonVM eXItVs. = 1634

i.e. The sure end of revolutions.

Epitaph of Prince Frederic Henry of Orange, Count of Nassau.
He was Stadtholder from 1625 to 1647—

loo NETHERLANDS HISTORY.

hIer rVst prIns freDerIk De bataVIer en heLt, ) Aa

DIe spanIe tIIt en Wet Van Vree en VrIIhIIt steLt. | = 1647
hIer rVst oranIes prIns, WIen DeLft sIIn VIIeg en graf. I Aa
EN krIIgs-eer, een LaVrIer, en goD zIIn VreDe gaf. j = 1647
i.e. Here lies Prince Frederic of Holland^ this brave man, this herOy
has given to Spain a period of love^ peace^ and liberty. Here lies the
Prince of Orange, who has at Delft his cradle and his tomb. He has
for the Iwnaur of war a laurel, and God gives him His peace.

Medal on the relief of the garrison of Schenk in the Netherlands,

represents the prophet Elijah being fed by ravens — A

Vt paVIt eDaX VateM CorWs. =1636

t,e. As the devouring raven fed the prophet, A

fortVna reDVX VersVra VICeM. = 1636
i,e. The turn of fortune causes a favourable change.

Medal on a peace between France and Holland — A

DabIt popVLIs paCeM . anno . mdclvii. = 1657

i,e. It will give pecue to the people.

Medal to John of Austria, son of Philip iv. of Spain, governor of
the Netherlands, represents a military tent surmounted by three
coronets, and containing ' La chasse,' that is, a shrine or reliquary
chest, and this chronogram — A

MIraCVLoso festo aDora. = 1656

i.e. Observe this miraculous festival.

The medal alludes to his defeat of the French. His success was
commemorated in the next year by another medal struck at Antwerp,
having the portrait of the King of Spain and this inscription — ^Valen-
cianam liberasti, Condatumque recuperasti; i.e. You have saved
Valenciennes and recovered Cond^e. On the reverse is a view of
Valenciennes and this inscription —
MIraCVLoso Deo. hostem fugasti. 1657.
i,e. To God the author of miracles. Thou hast put the enemy to flight,
1657. (The chronogram makes 1656.)

Medal to Leopold, Archduke of Austria, Viceroy of the Nether-
lands, by the Magistrates of Brussels — A

LeopoLDo proregI beLgarVM. = 1656

i,e. To Leopold, Viceroy of Flanders.

Mars De Voto e Lare paCIs, = 1656

fIDeLI MILItIa et LegatIone. = 1656

i,e. May Mars be far from our household of peace, through the fidelity of
our army and our embcusy. The words Mars and Lare compose in
the motto of the family of William Frederic de Marslaer, a magistrate
of Brussels. (sic,)

Medal to that same magistrate — A

Mars, ferrI DeCVs, e Lare. = 1656

i,e. May Mars, the glory of arms, be far from our house. The chrono-
gram is also an anagram on his name, Frederic Marselare {sid).

NETHERLANDS HISTORY. loi

A medal relating to a bloody battle of the period, in Dutch history,
has the single word — A

haCeLDaMa. = 1650

ue. The field of blood.

On a medal relating to the deliverance of the town of Cambray by
the Prince Condd on 30th May —

ConDeo VrbeM LIberantI. = 1657

i.e. To CondSj delivering the town.

A British Museum manuscript, No. 32,953, page 219, contains
Latin verses by J. Westerbaen, addressed to Prince William
Henry of Holland, concluding thus —

prIns WILheM henrIIks soon begon Van eersten steen
Van Iaeren Iongh, Van harte groot, Van hanDen kLeen. = 1636
i.e. The son of Prince William Henry began from the first stone, young
of years, great of heart, small of hands.

Also verses, ' Ad celsitudinem suam [the Prince of Orange] novi
anni auspicium chronographicum,' consisting of six lines. The second,
a pentameter, is this —

en DoMVI feLIX annVs ARAVslACiE. = 1678

i.e. Behold a happy year to the house of Orange.

In the same volume is a large printed sheet of verses on the birth
of Joseph, afterwards the Emperor Joseph, comparing him to the two
Josephs of the Old and the New Testaments, himself being the third
in celebrity. The verses are both in Latin and Dutch, and this
chronogram indicates the date —

o partVs feLIX AVsTRlACiE DoMVI ! = 1678

i.e. O happy birth to the house of Austria !

British Museum manuscript, No. 22,953. A volume of letters of
eminent Dutchmen has some verses in Latin by Conrad Schenck,
addressed to Peter Moutz on his marriage, * cum lectissimd et castis-
simi virgine Anna Van Lom Segeri filii, at Venloo, 4 Non: Febr:
163 1.' This is the last line —

FOeDeRE CONIVgII IVnXIt SE MOETZIVs, ANNiE. = 1 63 1

i.e. Moetz has joined himself to Anna by the compact 0^ wedlock. Other
verses on the death of the same Peter Moutz in the following year,
7 Kalend: Febr: 1632, conclude with this verse —
postrIDIe paVLI petrVs MoVtz raptVs ab orbe

VeRGIt In iETHEREl REGNA BEATA POLI. = 1 63 2

i.e. The day after St. Paul, Peter Moutz, taken from the world, moves to
the blessed kingdoms of the heavenly skies.

In the same volume, at page 267, is a long Latin elegy to Philip iv.
of Spain, King of the Netherlands, on the death of his son Prince
Balthasar Carolus, dated 1646 ; the 33d and 34th verses are these —

LVX NONA oCTOBRIs LVX DIrA est: oCCVbAT HiERES,

SPES DeCor, heVs! soLII baLthasar hesperII. = 1646

i.e. The ninth day of October is a terrible day ; the heir dies, alas
Balthasar the life and glory of the western throne.

102 NETHERLANDS HISTOR K

The last two lines, after several pages of verse, are these — .
heV ! SPES regnI,- IDVs oCtobrIs septIMo, IberI

pVbes qVI VotIs VIVeret orbIs, obIt. = 1646

i.e, Alas, the hope of the Iberian kingdom dies on the seventh day before
the ides of October, the youth who would live by the prayers of the whole
world. ^__^_^__^_______

A BOOK, * De Historie van Belgis oft chronycke der NederUmdsche
ondtheyt* By Marcus van Vaemewyck, Antwerp, 1665, 4°.
pubUshed by Reynier Sleghers, and dedicated by him to Servantius
Vaes, an ecclesiastic of high position in the Praemonstratensian order,
and bishop of Everbode. These chronograms follow after the title-

P^^ Dobbel Jaer-schrift

De opDraCht aen heer serVaes Vaes preLaet tot eVerboDe. = 1665

loNT MInneLIICk Vwen VrIenDt. = 1665

Noch een enckel.
MINT goDts Last: VerbLIIt, en bLIIft stant Vast. = 1665

The second chronogram is faulty because two letters V= 10 are
not counted.

At page 439 are some verses in old Flemish language, with
occasional letters printed large, making the dates 1537 and 1540, and
another at page 448, all very faulty indeed ; every line contains many
numerical letters which are not counted. They are intended as
chronograms, but cannot be accepted as such.

MEDAL (see Plate IL) to Philip iv. of Spain and Netherlands,
on peace with France after war in the Netherlands —
phILIppo qVarto Magno pIo paCIs DatorL = 1660

i.e. To Philip the Fourth, the great,, the pious giver of peace. The
sentiment implied by this inscription is scarcely supported by history.
He was unfortunate in war with the Dutch and French; he lost
Portugal through insurrection in 1640, he was obliged to recognise
the independence of the Provinces by the peace of Westphalia, in
1648 ; the long war with France was terminated by the peace of the
Pyrenees in 1659, and the loss of territory. He died in 1665, and
was succeeded by his son Charles 11., then only three years old.

Medals on the marriage of Charles 11. of Spain and Netherlands,
the last of the Austrian line — A

CaroLVs reX HlsPANliE DVXIt annaM neobVrgI^e. = 1689

i,e, Charles, king of Spain, has married Anne of Neuburg.

Another medal represents his portrait — A

MagnVs reX CaroLVs eVrop^ VInDeX. = 1691

Also her portrait inscribed —
orIatVr eX te Infans aVgVstVs DELICIiE generIs

hVManL = 1 69 1

i>. King Charles, the great defender of Europe. — May there proceed
from thee an august infant the delight of the human race.

MEDALS WITH CHRONOGRAMS.

PIl.

NETHERLANDS HISTORY, 103

Another with this hexameter and pentameter verse —
faVsta DIes regI qVa IVngItVr anna MarIa, A

qVIppe feret soLes ileC tIbI Ibere noVos. = 1689

ue,. Happy day^ in which Anna Maria is married to the king^ indeed
may it bring new sunshine to thee^ O Spaniard.

Another with this hexameter — A

DIV VIVIte InCoLVMes reX atqVe regIna. = 1690

i,e. May ye live long in safety^ O king and queen,

Charles reigned from 1665 to 1700, during which time Spain was
reduced to the most miserable condition at home by bad administra-
tion, and abroad by reverses sustained by her arms. Three successive
wars with France ended only in the treaties of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1668,
Nime^en, 1679, and Ryswick, 1697, all of which were extremely
humiliating to Spain. On his death without issue, the thirteen years'
war of the succession took place.

These inscriptions were placed over a throne on the inauguration
of Charles 11. of Spain as Count of Flanders at Ghent, on 2d May — £b
regIs CVM popVLo foeDVs. == 1666

popVLI CVM rege foeDVs. = 1666

i,e. The compact of the king with the people. The compact of the people
with the king.

Medal to him represents a plan of the new fortress of Charleroi,
inscribed — A

propVgnaCVLVM PATRliE Dat nobIs. = 1667

ue. He gives us this d^ence to our country.

The name of the place was Chamoy, a mere village; it was
changed in honour of the king, who raised it into importance.

Medal to him representing the fortifications of Ostende, is
inscribed — A

neptVno id frenVM CaroLVs apposVIt. = 1672

i.e. Charles has placed this bridle on Neptune,

A LARGE medal (see Plate I.) represents a fleet of warships, and a
£\^ fierce lion with cannon and weapons on the foreground shore,
and this hexameter inscription — Aa

sic fInes nostros Leges tVtaMVr et VnDas. = 1667

i.e. Thus we protect our territory^ our laws^ and our waters. The
medal was decreed by the senate of Amsterdam after peace esta-
blished with Spain and England.

A jetton struck at Brussels bears an allegorical representation of
St. Michael, the tutelar saint of the city — A

DIWs MIChaeL In peste patron Vs. = 1668

i.e. Saint Michael^ our protector in the plague.

Medal on the occasion of some military and religious demonstra-
tions ; the obverse is thus described : — * La chasse dans laquelle on

I04 NETHERLANDS HISTORY.

garde encore a Bruxelles trois de ces Hosties,^ entour^e de ce chrono-
graphe tir^ du Psalmiste 76. v. 14.' A

tV es DeVs qVI faCIs MIrabILIa. = 1670

Le, Thou art the God that doest wonders.

The reverse bears the same chasse, which is described as con-
taining a cross of gold and the three hosts in its centre, under a
canopy richly embroidered with pearls and precious stones, valued
at 6000 golden ducats, presented by the Archduchess Isabella, and
this hexameter chronogram — A

PERFOSsVs DoMInVs treCentIs IVbILat annIs. = 1670

Another medal on the same occasion, bearing a similar device,
is thus inscribed — A

Deo sVo IVbILantI MVnIfICa. = 1670

i,e. Liberal towards her God on the occasion of the Jubilee,

A jetton for the use of the treasury of Brussels at the time of the
siege is inscribed — A

DeproMens In propVgnaCVLa thesaVros serVo. = 167 1

i.e, I preserve my treasures by spending them in my defence,

A jetton of Brussels represents a sailing vessel — A

Vrbs fLoret brVXeLLa per VnDaM. = 1675

i,e. The city of Brussels Nourishes by its navigation,

A jetton represents a ship tossed by a storm, meaning the vessel
of the State in danger, the Netherlands at war with France, with this
legend, domine salva nos. The reverse bears this chronogram — A

ooDt VVIL DIt sChIp beVVarren Van Der noot. = 1678

i,e, God will guard this ship from danger.

Another jetton with a similar device is thus inscribed— A

DoMIne saLVa serVos tVos qVI InVoCant te. = 1678

O JLord, save thy servants who call upon thee,

A medal representing the populace in the form of wild beasts,
savagely tearing to pieces the brothers Cornelius and John de Witt,
who were falsely accused of conspiring against the Stadtholder,
William in., at the Hague, 20th August 1672, bears this hexameter
verse — Aa

nobILe par fratrVM SiEVo fVrore trVCIDat. xx. avgvsti. = 1672
i,e, A noble pair of brothers by cruel rage it masscures,

A medal of William Prince of Orange and Stadtholder, struck at
Amsterdam in memory of peace with England, representing a dove
flying over the waters with an olive branch, bears this verse — Aa

a DoMIno VenIt paX et VICtorIa L^ta. = 1674

i,e. From the Lord has come peaa and joyful victory,

A medal in memory of peace with France, has this verse — Aa

A DoMIno VenIens popVLIs paX L^eta refVLget. = 1678

i,e. Joyful peace coming from the Lord shines on the people,

^ These probably allude to the circumstance of the theft and recovery of the Sacred
Hosts at Brussels, described at a subsequent page of this volume.

NETHERLANDS HISTOR V. 105

Medal on the peace between Holland and France, represents the
town of Cambray, which was taken and annexed by the French in
1677. A

DVLCIVs VIVeMVs cambrav. = 1677

t\e. We shall live more pleasantly in Cambray^

A Dutch medal to William of Holland, as King William in. of
England,
gVILIeLM : prInCeps aVrIaCVs ANcLIiE, sCoxIiE, FRANCIiC Aa
ET hIbernLe reX CoronatVr. = 1689

ue. William^ Prince of Orange^ is crowned King of England^ Scotland^
France and Ireland,

A Dutch medal represents the bust of William in., his gorget
inscribed with the name Jehovah in Hebrew letters, and this legend — A
WILheLMVs tertIVs ANoLIiE VInDeX. = 1689

And on the reverse dec judice.
f>. William the Thirds liberator of England, God being the judge.

This medal is an expression of the feeling of the Whig party, that
William delivered the country from the thraldom of the rule of the
Stuarts.

Medal to William in. of England on the assembly of the princes
of the chief States of Germany, held at the Hague, William presiding,
to arrange plans for resisting France. On the edge is this hexameter
verse —

reX regVM ConsVLta DeVs fortVnet VbIqVe. = 1691

ie. May God the King of kings prosper all their designs.

Medal to William in. on the complete victory over the French,
29th May 1692 —
ConCastIgatVs gaLLorVM fastVs et astVs

fLVCtIbVs et pVgna fraCtVs atroCe fragor. = 1692

i.e. The pride and artifice of the French punished and pulled down by a
bloody naval fight.

Another Dutch medal intended to extol William ; it commemo-
rates the surrender of Casale in Italy to the Duke of Savoy, in Sep-
tember 1695, whose army, in addition to his own forces, consisted of
some Imperial, Dutch, and Spanish troops. The demolition of the
fortifications was one of the conditions of the capitulation, and Italy
was set free from the military domination of the French.
ItaLLe CVra gaLLVs prohIbetVr aVarVs ; A

CLarIVs et nVnC est forte CasaLe MInVs. = 1695

i,e. The protection of Italy is forbidden to the covetous Frenchman^ and
Casale increases her renown by losing her defences.

Medal on the restoration of the Province of Namur to Spanish
Flanders by William in. —

erIpItVr gaLLIs Vrbs aC CasteLLa naMVrCI A

HoC reX angLs-potens tV qVoqVe boIepotens. = 1695

le. The city and citadel of Namur is taken from the French by the
valiant King of England and the valiant Elector of Bavaria,

io6 NETHERLANDS HISTORY.

Another medal on the same subject, to William iii. and Maxi-
milian Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, designating them as ' Propug-
natores orbis,' ue. Protectors of the world. And as if to show that
this is no court-flattery, these words are added, 'Testantur facta
triumphi,' ue. Their triumphs are proofs of their deeds. On the rim
is this hexameter line — A

reX angLVs fVso gaVDent baVarVsqVe naMVrCo. = 1695

uc The King of Englafid and the Elector of Bavaria rejoice^ Natnur
being subdued.

The siege of Namur was the subject of many other medals which
do not bear chronograms. One of them has this pun, —
CONAMUR, i,e. We endeavour.

iy ft EDAL to Maximilian Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, perpetual
xS\, governor of the Spanish Netherlands — A

eManVeL BAVARliE DVX beLgII LVX. = 1693

On the reverse is this flattering allusion, Tu Marcellus eris.*
ue, Emanuel, Duke of Bavaria, the light of Flanders, thou shall be our
Marcellus, There were several distinguished Romans of that name.

Another medal to him — A

DVX eManVeL VI Vat VIgeat VInCat. = 1693

i,e. May the Duke Emanuel live, flourish, and conquer.

Another medal to him and his wife on their marriage —
aVreVs e tantIs proCeDe parentIbVs Infans A

ET tVta eVropa paX orIare sIMVL. = 1695

i.e. Golden offspring come forth from such illustrious parents, and at the
same time arise O sure peace for Europe,

Medal to Philip v.. King of Spain, grandson of Louis xiv., who,
by his claim to the sovereignty of the Netherlands, occasioned the
war of the Spanish succession, which was not terminated until the
Treaty of Utrecht in 17 13. The medal is thus inscribed — A

ganDa regIs CeLebrat thaLaMos. = 1701

i,e. The city of Ghent celebrates the marriage.

Also the portrait of his wife Maria Ludovica Gabriela, inscribed —
stIrpeM ConCeDe. = 1701

f>. Grant an offspring.

Medal of square shape, on the siege of Toumay, represents the
temple of peace, surrounded with palm-trees, on the summit of a

* These words arc from VirgU, iEn. vi. 882 : —

Heu, miserande puer ! si qua Fata aspera nimpas,
Tu Marcellus ezis.

And thus translated by Dryden : —

Ah, couldst thou break through fate's secure decree,
A new Marcellus shall arise to thee.

Alludlne probably to M. Claudius Marcellus, who was five times Consul during the Com-
monwetuth of Rome.

1709

NETHERLANDS HISTORY. 107

mountain, the base of which is covered with thorn-trees, and this
legend, Die bahn zum sieg und fried ist Dornich; i,e. The road
which leads to victory and peace is thorny. This is a play on the
Flemish name of the place 'Doomick,' which means thorns. The
reverse represents thorn-trees bearing grapes, and this chrono-
gram—

hILfft gott, so KAN Man Iezt beI Dornen frIsChe traVben a
Leesen. =

ue. If God gives us His help^ we can now gather fresh grapes from
thorns,

A siege-piece, struck by M. de Surville and the leading citizens — A
Moneta In obsIDIone tornaenCI CVsa. =s 1709

i.e. Money struck at Touniay during the siege,

Charles vi.. Emperor of Germany, bom in 1685. A medal, struck
at Courtray, indicates the joining of the imperial crown to that of the
monarchy of Spain, and his title to the territory of the Netherlands. A
The obverse is inscribed — DeVs MVLtIpLICat. = 17 12

i,e, God multiplies, or augments.

The reverse exhibits the arms of the empire, Spain, Flanders, and
Courtray, inscribed —

CaROLO aVgVsTO, PRInCIpI PLANDRliE qVInTO, HlSPANliE regI

tertIo, CiESARl seXto, pIa Vota Donat senatVs popVLVsqVe a
CortraCenCIs. = 171a

i,e. The setiate and people of Courtray present their loyal vows to the
august Charles i the fifth Count of Flanders, the third king of Spain, and
the sixth emperor of that name.

Another medal to him on his coronation as Count of Flanders, and
the relief of the sieg6 of Cordona (Courtray) by General Staremburg — A
Vno DIe Corona Data et CorDona serVata. = 171 1

i,e. On the same day a crown is given, and Cordona preserved,

A beautifully designed key, 14 inches in length, made of gold,
was presented to the city of Louvain by the States-generai at
Brussels, by order of Charles iii. of Spain (Charles vi. of Germany), on
the occasion indicated by this chronographic inscription engraved
thereon — A

A CaroLo tertIo s.p.q.L. In sIgnVM fIDeI. = 17 10

i.e. From Charles the Thirds to the senate and people of Louvain^ in
testimony of their fidelity.

Medal (see Plate I.) struck in Germany represents the city of
Utrecht under a rainbow, the symbol of peace, with this verse — A

si IVbet anna nIMIs, non fIDIt beLga CoLorI 12. jan. = 17 12
i.e. If Queen Anne of England persists, the Hollanders will not trust
to the deceptive colours.

Alluding to the evanescent rainbow, and the refusal of Charles vi.,
who was then in the possession of the Netherlands, to concur in the
treaty of Utrecht. The reverse has a satirical device against France,
inscribed —

io8 NETHERLANDS HISTORY^

A
IMbeLLes frVstra sVaDent beLLa = 171 1

rIgIDVs non MItIs paCIfICator. = 171 1

Le, In vain the cowards exhort to war ; The inflexible not the meek is
the peacemaker.

Medal to Charles vi., on the capture of Quesnoy in Flanders,
represents a town, with a shattered oak tree in the foreground, and
inscribed — A

DoMat fortIs ConstantIa qVerCVs. = 171 2

i,e. Strong perseverance overcomes the oak trees,

QUERCETO occuPATO. uc, Quesnoy taken, — an allusion to the Latin
' quercetum,* an oak forest, and the "Latin form of the name of the
town.

A medal (see Plate I.) represents on the obverse the shields of the
imperial and civic arms, supported by figures of Justice and Peace,
inscribed —

CortraCense terrItorIUM gaUDet. = 171 2

ArCeS DoMUs AUSTRlACiE. = 1711

i,e. The territory of Courtrai rejoices. The fortresses of the house of
Austria,

On the reverse is seen a man receiving the crown and sword
brought to him from the gods above by an eagle. The inscription
means, This honour of virtue is sent from the high heaven.

THE chronograms which follow concerning Charles vi. of
Germany and his Netherlands dominions are taken from ' Dis-
sertation sur les chronogrammes etc' ^ The object of that brochure
was to point out how vague in style and meaning were most of the
chronograms made on the events of 17 17, when compared with a few
which the author puts in contrast with them —
CaroLVs seXtVs seMper aVgVstVs InaVgVratVs DVX Sc

BRABANTliE. = 1 7 17

i,e. Charles VI, always august inaugurated as Duke of Brabant,

There is something wrong in the following which I transcribe as I
find it; the chronogram should make 17 17, or double that date; it
does neither. It was inscribed on some public decoration —
CaroLo aVstrIaCo, Ci«SARl seXto, regI HlsPANliE tertIo
DVCI BRABANTliE qVarto soLeMnIter InaVgVrato, patrI Sc

PATRliE, BRABANTliE ORDInES POSVeRE. r=

i.e. To Charles^ Austrian emperor the sixth,^ king of Spain the third^
duke of Brabant the fourth^ solemnly inaugurated^ the father of his
country ^ the people of Brabant have put up this,

CaROLO, CiESARl, REGI, sVo BRABANTliE DVCI RECeNS InaVg- Sc

Vrato appLaVDIt senatVs popVLVsqVe brVXeLLensIs. = 17 17
i.e. The senate and people of Brussels applaud Charles the emperor^ the
king, its own duke of Brabant recently inaugurated,

* See Appendix, Bibliography, reference Sc

* Meaning the sixth, third, fourth of that name.

NETHERLANDS HISTOR K 109

The author of the ' Dissertation' condemns many of the chrono-
grams which were applied to Charles vi., because they neither contain
anything to connect him with the sentiment they express, nor any
allusion that is especially applicable to him, but on the contrary, they
are intelligible equally whether applied to him, or to other persons, or
to no one. However just the criticism may be, we are able now to
recognise the ingenuity displayed in the selection of the quotations
from ancient writers which conveyed to him many a flattering com-
pliment. The same writer further objects to this class of chrono-
grams, that the writers of some passages quoted, — David, St John,
Horace, for instance, — could not have intended to express the future
date of 1 7 17, an assertion we need not stop to controvert — ^
In hoC sIgno VIkCes, fIDeI eCCLesI-«qVe CAXHoLICiE Sc
Defensor. =s 17 17

/>. In this sign thou shcUt conquer ^ O defender of the faith and of the
Catholic Church, Sc

ConfregIt DeVs potentIas arCVVM. Psalm 76. 3. =1717

abIerVnt retrorsVM et CeCIDerVnt. John 18. 6. = 17 17

i,e, God has broken the power of their bows; they went backward and
fell. Alluding to the Turks and other belligerents against Germany. Sc
CVnCta DoMat VIrtVs obstantIa. = 17 17

ue. Valour overcomes all obstacles. Sc

InDVIt sIbI CiESAR PRO thoraCe IVstItIaM. = 171 7

i.e. The emperor hcLs put on justice for a breastplate, Sc

reLLIgIo pIetasqVe tIbI sVper oMnIa CorDI. = 17 17

ie. Religion and piety in thy heart above all things, Sc

totVs ILLabatVr orbIs, CoeptVM non Deseret. = 17 17

i.e. Let the whole world fall ^ he will not give up what he has begun.
This is adapted from Horace, Book in. Ode 3 : ' Si fractus illabatur
orbis, impavidum ferient ruinae.' If a crushed world should fall upon
him (the 'justum et tenacem propositi virum'), the ruins would strike
him undismayed. Sc

IntonVI, MoDo CVnCta pa Vent. = 1717

i,e, I have thundered^ now all things tremble. Sc

patrI teLa LVbenter CVDIMVs. = 1717

/>. We have willingly forged weapons for our father. Sc

eDaX CLaM rIngere LIVor. ^ 1717

i.e. Consuming envy, thou grindest thy teeth in secret.

IN a folio volume describing the inauguration of Charles vi. at
Ghent on i8th October 17 17, the emblematical frontispiece is
thus inscribed — A

patrIa IUre IUranDo CoMItI CiESARl regI. = 17 17

CaroLo sUo fIDeLItateM VoVet. = 17 17

i.e. The country by its oath vows allegiance to the Court, the Emperor,
the King, (and) vows fidelity to its own Charles.

' See also Index, ' Dissertation,' etc.

1 10 NETHERLANDS HISTOR V.

At page 1 8 the display of fireworks is described, one device show-
ing the name of his Majesty, and this inscription — A
InaUgUratIonI fLanDro-beLgII CoMItIs. = 17 17
t\e. To the inauguration of the Count of Flanders,

Prince Leopold, son of Charles vi., bom 13th April 1716 — A

naMVra nasCentI LeopoLDo VoVet. = 17 16
i,e. The town of Namur promises solemnly to the nascent Leopold,

CaroLo regI appLaVDVnt naMVranI. = 171 7
i,e. The people of Namur applaud Charles the King,

Another medal giving his titles, Emperor, Duke of Brabant, Count

of Flanders, etc. etc — A

LffiTANTER InaVgVrATVR CoMeS FLANDRliE. = 1717

Le. The Count of Flanders is inaugurated with joy, A

DeDICaT VoVeTQVe GANDa CiESARl. = 171 7

i,e. The town of Ghent dedicates and promises solemnly to the Emperor, A

eX te DeLICIVM beLgII. = 17 19
i,e. From thee is the delight of Flanders.

Medal to William Charles Henry, Prince of Nassau, etc. etc. — A
paCatI en pIgnVs teMporIs VsqVe DeCVs ! =1723
i,e. Behold the pledge of peaceful time^ even to glory /

Medal of Charles vi., on a treaty of peace with Spain, inscribed — A

paX ConCorDat UtrUMqUe. = 1725
i,e. Peace harmonises both sides,

A medal represents the device of the United Provinces, a rampant

lion within a hedge, and this hexameter line — A

AH ! NGN Mars seD ConCors paX qVoqVe VIget In orbI. = 1728
i.e. Ah ! fwt Marsy hut soothing peace flourishes also in the world.

Among the numerous medals to Elizabeth Maria of Austria,
governess of the Netherlands, are the following which bear chrono-
grams without any other indication of date : — A
gVbernatrIX beLgII DeLICIVM. = 1725
i,e. The governess^ the delight of the Netherlands, A
gVbernatrIX beLgII nostrI DeLICIVM. = 1726
i,e. The governess, the delight of our Netherlands, A
eLIsabetha a? seCVnDo beLgarVM gVbernatrIX. = 1727
Le, Elizabeth in the second year, governess of the Netherlands,
ELISABETHS gVbernatrICI erVDItIoneM sVa LargItate a
nVtrIentI. = 1728
i,e. To Elizabeth the governess encouraging learning by her bounty, A
MarIa eLIsabetha arChIDVX aVstrIs beLgas gVbernans. = 1729
i,e, Maria Elizabeth, Archduchess of Austria governing the Netherlands, A
eLIsabetha gUbernatrIX patrIjE fIDeIqUe CoLUMen. = 1730
i,e, Elizabeth the governess, the support of our country and our faith, A
eLIsabetha seXto beLgII aUstrIaCI MoDeratrIX = 1731
i,e, Elizabeth in the sixth year the governess of the Austrian Nether-
lands,

NETHERLANDS HISTOR Y. 1 1 1

A
eLIsabetha gUbernatrIX In perICULIs IMpaVIDa. = 1732

Le» Elizabeth the governess fearless in dangers, A

SERENlssIMiC gUbernatrICI noXIa UbIqUe eraDICantI. = 1733
i,e. To the most serene governess^ everywhere abolishing hurtful things, A

brUXeLLarUM tranqUILLItatIs stUDIosa. = 1734

ue. She is careful of the peace of Brussels, A

Vero AViTiE pIetatIs eXeMpLo sUbDItIs pr^eLUCens. = 1735

i,e. Shining as a true example of ancestral piety to her subjects,
eLIsabetha beLgarUM In beLLo qUIetIs stUDIosa A
gUbernatrIX. = 1736

i,e. Elizabeth^ governess of the Netherlands^ studious of rest even in the
time of war, A

MarIa eLIsabetha arChIDUX benIgna beLgII gUbernatrIX. = 1737
i,e, Maria Elizabeth^ Archduchess^ the betuvolent governess of the
Netherlands, A

eLIsabetha arChIDUX beLgarUM gUbernatrIX. = 1738

i,e, Elizctbeth^ Archduchess^ the governess of the Netherlands, A

beLgarUM gUbernatrIX parthenII CULtUs stUDIosa. = 1739
i,e. The governess of the Netherlands fond of literary pursuits, A

eLIsabetha InDefessa CharItate paUperUM aUXILIatrIX.= 1741
i,e, Elizabeth^ the helper untiring in charity to the poor,
eLIsabetha beLgarUM gUbernatrIX saCrata aUgUstae A
VIrgInIs aeDe. = 1740

i,e, Elizabeth^ governess of the Netherlands, when the church of the
august Virgin was consecrated.

This Maria Elizabeth presented a silver lamp, 670 ounces in
weight, to a statue of the Virgin Mary in the Pilgrimage Church of
Notre Dame de Montaigu at Sichem in the Netherlands, with this
inscription —

VIrgInI asprICoLLensI MarIa eLIsabetha LVCIa beLgII
aVstrIaCI gVbernatrIX seqVe sVaqVe eX sIngVLarI A
pIetatIs Voto obtVLIt. = 1738

i,e, Maria Elizabeth Lucia, governess of the Austrian Netherlands, to
the Virgin of Montaigu, offered herself and her property, according to her
particular vow of piety,

Maria Theresa, Empress of Germany and Queen of Hungary,
wife of Francis of Lorraine, Duke of Tuscany, Duchess of Brabant
This double chronogram gives 3482, or twice 1741, the year of her
inauguration —

MarIa theresIa, BOHEMIiE et nVNGARliE regIna, DVCIs
btrVrIa ConIVX, brVXeLLIs Vt brabantIa DVCIssa Sc
InaVgVratVr. = 3482

i,e. Maria Theresa, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary, wife of the Duke
of Tuscany, is inaugurated at Brussels as Duchess of Brabant,
MarIa theresIa brabantI^ DVCIssa brVXeLLIs InaVgV- Sc
ratVr. = 1741

i,e, Maria Theresa is inaugurated Duchess of Brabant at Brussels,

1 1 2 NETHERLANDS HISTOR V.

A medal to her is inscribed —
regInae hVngarIae faVeant sVperI sVbDItIqVe VoVent A
beLgae feLICItateM. = 1742

t\e. May the powers above favour the Queen of Hungary ^ and her Belgian
subjects wish her happiness.

Medal relating to ecclesiastical events, represents a pair of scales
suspended from the clouds, weighing various emblems, the word
TEKEL appearing in the cloud ; and this chronogram —
neCesse ConsIDerare tIbI qVae sInt, qVae fVerInt, qVae A
MoX VentVra. = 1745

With the device of the Dutch Lion protecting an object placed on an
altar.

i,e. It is necessary for thee to consider the things which are^ the things
which have been^ the things which sliortly shall come to pass.

A Netherlands war medal contains this chronogram, and the date
1746—
beLLo nVLLa saLVs aCIes Cessare CrVentae A

aVrea paX peDIbVs DIsIICe teLa tVIs. = 1746

ie. There is no safety in war, bloody armies have ceased^ O golden
peace, scatter the weapons with thy feet.

A medal on the birth of a Prince of Orange has this bilingual
chronogram —
feLICI genIo fIs CoMpos araVsIo VotI A

eXVLtes prInCeps nasCItVr eCCe tVVs. = 1748

oranIe! 's heMeLs gUnst VerVULt U bee In zeegen,
nU gij ter goeDer UUr een erf-prIns hebt VerCreegen. = 1748
i.e. Orange / the favour of heaven is fulfilled, thou art a blessing now
that you have received, at a lucky hour, a crown-prince.

A small Netherlands medal has this inscription, ' Da pacem
Domine in diebus nostris,' and this hexameter chronogram — A

Mars sis eXVL atroX DIsCors sis eXVL erInnYs. = 1746

i.e. Cruel Mars, mayest thou be an exile, discordant Erinnys mayest
thou also be an exile. The letter y counts as 11.

A Netherlands medal represents a church with a reference to
Isaiah xlvi. 3, 4. And on the reverse are inscriptions in Dutch,
and this 'chronodistichon' —

De zuIL Der waare kerk A

VerLICht DIt heILryk werk. = 1759

i.e. The pillar of the true church enlightens this wholesome work.

Medal to William v. of Holland — A

feLICIter prInCeps! BElxjICiE hepterIs aCCIpe CLaWM. = 1766
i.e. Blessings upon thee, O Prince, take the helm of the Belgian galley of
seven banks of oars (the seven united provinces).

Medal on the birth of a son to William v. and Wilhelmina his
wife — A

frIDerICa LoVIsa WILheLMIna. = 1770

i.e. Friderica Louisa Wilhelmina. 2Sth Nov. 1770.

EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC 113

THE group of Netherlands history will conclude with extracts
from a book ^British Museum, press-mark 11 408. aaa.),
' Maxaemyliani Vrientii, Gandavensis,^ Epigrammatum Libri ix.'
Antwerp, 1603. 8*. The contents are Latin epigrams on persons
and events in Flanders during a time of political intrigue, local tumult,
and national war. Some of the translations offered may seem dull
and unsatisfactory, but it is difficult to revive the colour of antique
wit and to restore the point of epigram, so long after the subj.ect of it
has ceased to be one of notoriety and interest A few of the epigrams
are composed as chronograms, and those only are presented in the
succeeding pages.

llie first in order consists of ten lines, ' In Jubilssum et Laureum,*
addressed to Peter Blacquer, Doctor of Theology, probably on the
occasion of some university honours. It concludes thus —

aLgIde^ ter SENAS dVM spargIs febrVe LVCes,

IVbILa, Id, et LaVrI ConCeLebratVr honos. = 1586

ue. O ^AlgiduSf* whilst thou scatterest thrice six days in February^
Refoice / the honour of the laurel is celebrated. The letters d are not
counted.'

Epigram to Petrvs iEliias commences with this anagram on
his name — Tu aliis praees, i,e. Thou art before others; and con-
cludes thus —
dIgna petro LaVrVs ConfertVr Vrbe dVaCo,

bIs deCIMA aVgVstI LVCe nItente poLo. = 1595

ue. The laurel worthy of Peter is bestowed by the city of Douay^ the
twice tenth day of August shining in the sky.

On the birth of Charles v. (Emperor of Germany), at Ghent, in
1501. It is supposed to be addressed to the potentates of Europe
and the Sultan of Turkey, then carrying on political strife and warfare
in Europe —
reX, papa, tVrCa, dVCes, InfLatos ponIte WLtVs :

NEsCIo qVod fVLMen gaIIa* ganda parIt. = 1501

/>. King^ PopCj Turky Leaders, lay cuide your proud looks ; I know not
what thunderbolt the town of Ghent brings forth.

Another on his death, alluding to the same political strifes —
reX, papa, tVrCa, dVCes, VarII: eXsVLtate, doLete:

eXstInCtVS CiESAR TERROR ET ORBIs aMoR. = 1558

£.e. King, Pope, Turk, Leaders, variously exult and lament : the Emperor,
the terror and affection of the world, is dead.

On the death of John of Austria, Governor of Flanders—
tVrCarVM, heV, CLades ConCIdIt aVstrIaCVs. = 1578

i.e. The Austrian has fallen, the destroyer of the Turks.^

1 Le. Maximilian Vrient (or Vrientius) of Ghent. It contains 230 pages.
* The meaning of this word is obscure.

' The letter D is seldom connted in this gronp of chronograms, according to the Flemish
method. * See page 119, infra.

114 EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC.

On the death of Archduke Ernest, (Governor of Flanders —
VenIt, reXIt, obIt DVX aVstrIVs, IngeMe beLga. = 1595

i,€. The Austrian Duke came, reigned, and died; groan, O Netherlands,

On the death of Alexander Famese, Duke of Parma, General and
Governor of Flanders —

eheV, Yje., beLgIs, PARMiE DVX eXspIraVIt. = 1593

i,e, Alas, woe to the Netherlands, the Duke of Pamia has breathed his
last.

On the death of the Marquis Robert de Melun —
Mars beLga, heV, CadIt, heV, faCe, gVrgIte, ponte CarInA

CaVsSA sVbEST TANTiE NON SATIs VnA NECI. = 1585

i.e. The Belgian Mars alas falls, alas with torch, with whirlpool, with
bridge, with ship, there is not sufficient cause for so great a death. This
probably alludes to the destruction of the bridge made across the
Scheld for the siege of Antwerp by the Duke of Parma, by fire-ships
and explosions. The city capitulated on 17 th August 1585.

On the marriage of Archduke Albert of Austria and Isabella ^ of
Spain, he was made governor of Flanders —
aVstrIaCa aVstrIaCo, gerMano nVbIt Ibera, \

REGIa progenies CiESAREO generI, f =8

aLberto Isabella, datVr dos beLgIa: feLIX i — 159°

hesperLe et mobIs donet Id esse deVs. /

i.e. A Spaniard of Austria is married to a man of Germany, a royal
progeny to an imperial race, Isabella a Belgian dowry is given to Albert:
may God grant that this be fortunate for the West and for us.

On the capture of Calais from the French by the Archduke
Albert—
aVstrIaCa VIrtVte IaCent Vrbs arXqVe CaLetI,

angLs treMIs, pLoras gaLLe, bataVe perIs. = 1596

i.e. The city and dtadd of Calais lie low by Austrian valour, O
Englishman thou dost tremble, O Frenchman thou dost weep, O Hol-
lander thou dost perish.
VIrtVte aVstrIaCA LVget prostrata CaLetIs:

LaVs sVperIs, regI LaVrea, paLMa dVCI. = 1596

i.e. Through Austrian valour prostrate Calais mourns; praise be to the
powers above, a laurel to the king, a palm to the leader.

On the capture of Ardres * —
aVspICIIs dVCIs aVstrIaCI doMIta ardrea sVppLeX

tradIdIt hesperIo CoLLa terenda IVgo. = 1596

i.e. Through the auspices of the Austrian leader suppliant Ardres being
subdued, offered her neck to belled by the Spanish yoke.

^ See Index, Albert and Isabella. Pax vobis.

' A contemporary author, Opmeems, remarks on this epigram, ' Igitor mense Maio, ut
breviter et deganter chronicos cednit idem Max. Vrientius.'

EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC 115

kXpVgnata ardra est, CVr pLoras gaLLe? reseCtIs

testIbVs InCIpIaM qV6d noWs Ire Capo. = 1596

U€. Ardres is vanquished, wherefore do you weep, O Frenchman f (and
some obscure cUlusion to a capon).

On the capture of * Bichium ' and Hulst —
aLbertVs sVperat, CVstodIt bIChIVs hVLstVM :

fLandrIa seCVrIs oCIa rebVs agat. = 1596

i.e. Albert overcomes, Bichius guards Hulst: May Flanders live at ease^
her affairs being safe.

On the taking of Cambray {sic) —
VIrtVtI aVstrIaC-*: ConCessIt saMarobrIana :

baLaIgnIe, fVrens nVnC VbI CrIsta tVa est? = 1594

i>. Amiens has yielded to Austrian valour; Balagnie, mad, now where
is thy crest 1

On the capture of Amiens —
SPARGE nVCes pVerIs LeVIs et sIne pondere gaLLe;

eXCIdIs aMbIanoj stVLte, reLInqVe nVCes. = 1597

ue. Scatter nuts to the boys thou Frenchman^ fickle and without weight;
thou fallest from Amiens ; fool, relinquish thy nuts.

On the peace between Philip 11. of Spain and Henry iv. of
France ; the three following chronograms —
septIMa LVX IVnI, eXoptatA fLorIda paCe,

aVstrIaCas aqVILas, LILIa gaLLa beat. = 1598

i,e. The seventh day of June is bright with the wishedfor peace, it
blesses the Austrian eagles and the French lilies,
paX CoIt henrICo regI aVstrIaCoqVe phILIppo,

hInC aVrES BATAViE MATTlACiEQVE PaVeNT. = 1598

i.e. Peace is agreed upon by Henry the king and Philip of Austria, hence
the ears of Holland and cf Nassau tremble,
aYkea paX gaLLos regI ConIVngIt Iberos:

angLe proCaX CaVdIs dIsCe tIMere tVIs. = 1598

i.e. Golden peace joins the Spaniards to the French king, O forward
Englishman learn to fear for thy tails.

On the death of Philip ii. cff Spain and Netherlands ^^ —
oCCIdIt aC sVperest nato doMInante phILIppVs :

sIC CVbat atqVe orItVr phcebVs In orbe noWs. = 1598

i,e, Philip dies, and survives in his son now reigning, ITius he sets,
and rises as a new sun in the sky.

On the imprisonment of those desiring peace at Ghent —

TER qVInO MaIVs TERRiE PRiESVLSERAT ORTV.

qVo nos paCIfICos CarCer opaCVs habet. = 1584

i,e. May month had shone on the earth on the fifteenth day ; on which a
dark prison holds us inclined for pecue,

^ It was remarked of him by Boldonius, who qnoted from a contemporary writer, ' The
ruler only receded from us, but not entirely ; for he left us his children, in whom we ought
to recognise him, and in whom we discern and see him.'

ii6 EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC

On peace being restored to the commonwealth of Ghent —
nVnC est bIbendVM, nVnC pede LIbero

pLangenda teLLVs, fLandrICa paX redIt. = 1584

U€. Now lei us drink, now let us strike the earth with lively foot, the
peace of Flanders returns.

On the surrender of Ghent to the King of Spain —

POST LONGAS STRAGES, dVrIqVe PERICVLa BeLLI,

CessIt aLeXandro ganda sVbaCta faMe. = 1584

i.e. After long slaughter and the dangers of stem war, Ghent, subdued
by hunger, yields to Alexander.^

On the surrender of Antwerp* —
esVrIes, Mars beLLIpotens, pons, CLassIs, et ^estVs

ADiECTiE sVbdVnt CoLLa sVperba IVgo. s= 1585

i.e. Famine, Mars powerful in war, a bridge, a fleet, and thirst, being
combined, subdued their proud necks to the yoke.

On the assassination and death of the Stadtholder, William the
Silent, Prince of Orange —
CorrVIt IratI DenA prostratVs IVLI

LethIfero DeLphIs sCLopetI WLnere prInCeps. = 1584

i.e. The prince falls prostrate on the tenth day of angry July at Delft,
through the deadly wound of a bullet.

On the death of Mary Queen of Scots —
sCotorVM, heI, regIna perIt perCVssa seCVrI.

CaVssa fVIt tanta IesabeL Vna neCIs. = 1587

i.e. Alas, the Scottish queen perishes, struck with the axe. The one cause
of such a death was Jezabel {Elizabeth).

On the assassination and death of Henry in. (of Valois), King
of France, by Jacques Clement, a Dominican friar, on 27th August
1589-
reX CadIt henrICVs, non est LeX dIgnIor VLLa,

quaM neCIs artIfICes arte perIre parI. = 1589

i.e. The King Henry falls, there is no worthier law than that the con-
trivers of death should perish by their own art.

Concerning the Hollanders. Silva-ducis (Bois-Ie-duc) attacked
to no purpose —
haVd sILVaM CiEDls, trepIdVs sed CedIs, et aVCtVs

ConspICVo naso, bataVe geVse* fVgIs. = 1601

i.e. Thou dost not cut down the wood, but thou dost cut and run, with
thy big nose made bigger thoufleest, thou Batavian beggar.^

* i.e. The Duke of Parma, governor of Flanders. • See third chronogram at page 1 14.

' The word 'gueux' (beggars) was the title oflfensively given to, and then adopted by
the league of nobles of Flanders, Holland, and Friesland in 1565, who were opposed to the
Spanish rule. The word was reproachfully used towards the German princes by Marie
Ajitoiiiette in 1791, in her secret correspondence with her adviser Fersen. It has been
translated 'scoundrels' in this instance.

EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC 117

On the tower of St. Bavon (the cathedral), at Ghent, being burnt
by lightning —
fLandrorVM prInCeps tVrrIs, pr-ssente IsabeLLa^j

prInCIpe, gandaVo prInCIpe In Vrbe fLagrat, ( __ .

AST 6 dI patrI^, nobIs prohIbete sInIstra r*

aVgVrIa, atqVe hostes taLIa sIgna petant. J
i.e. The principal tower of Flanders is on fire, Isabella the princess being
present, in this the principal city of Ghent, but, O gods of our country,
ward off from us sinister auguries, and let such signs strike our enemies.

Another member is added to the four ecclesiastical divisions of
Flanders —
eCCe reCens IVnCta est fLandr*; rota qVInta qVadrIg-s,

dI trIbVant CVrsV deXterIore Meet. = 1596

i,e. Behold recently a fifth wheel is joined to the Flanders four-wheeled
chariot ; may the gods grant it may go in a better course I

On the third consulship of Gerardus Blaserus of Ghent —
VIrIbVs, InsIdIIs aMbIVIt Caesar honores

CoNsVLIs, hIC VLtro ter tIbI CLaret honos. = 1587

/>. With force, with stratagem, Casar won the honours of Consul, this
honour shines thrice upon thee of its otvn accord.

On the consulship of Philip Triest —
tVrbIda Cedat etIs, reMeat paX aVrea trIesto

ConsVLe, pLebs, PRiETOR, CVrIa, CLerVs, oVant. = 1594

i.e. Turbulent Etis retreats, golden peace returns, Triest being consul, the
people, the prator, the senate, the clergy greet him.

On the death of Maria van Royen, wife of the above Philip
Triest—
IVLI oCtaVa dIes LVCeM tIbI, roYIa, CLaVsIt :

L^tIor In sVpero sIt tIbI VIta poLo. = 1595

i.e. The eighth day of July closed thy light, O Royia ; may thy light be
more joyful in the heaven above 1 The v counts as 11= 2.

On the death of the same Philip Triest —
sIngVLa trIstItIA resonent LoCa, trIestIVs, heV, heV,

oCCVbat, et nIgrVM ConsVL InIVIt Iter. = i6oi

i,e. Let all places resound with sadness t Triest alas, cUas, is dead, the
consul has entered upon his dark journey.

On the death of William Damasus, the second bishop of Ghent —
LVXIt Vt, 6 LVCtVs, aVrora seCVnda noVeMbrIs,
prssVLe sVrrepto LVXIt qVoqVe ganda seCVndo. =; 1588

ue. IVhen, oh sorrow, the second morrow of November shone, the second
bishop being taken away Ghent did also moan.

On the death of Jacobus Boghardus, knight, president of the
Council of Flanders —
CoNsILII fLandrI generosVs deperIt hortVs.

HoC LeX faCta eXLeX et theMIs Ipsa doLet. s= 1597

t.e. A noble garden of the council of Flanders perishes, by this event Law
was made Outlaw, and the goddess of Justice herself grieves.

ii8 EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC.

On the death of Abraham Ortelius, the royal geographer.^ (This
chronogram makes 1594, Ortelius died in 1598) —
fIne tVo, IVnI, fataLIs, noXIe IVnI,

orteLIVM CoeLo CoLLoCat VkanIe.
i>. At thy end O June, O fatal noxious June, Urania places Ortelius in
heaven.

On the death of Antoniola Vrientius, probably a daughter of the
author of these epigrams —
MartIs erat seXtVs, VIXiE annVs seXtVs, et hora

seXta, fVgaX VlTiE DIffVgIt aVra xViE. = 1590

i.e. It was the sixth day of March, the sixth year of life, and the sixth
hour, the fluting breath of thy life fled.

On the birth of the son of the ' quaestor/ John Baptist Meyne
Oliver, and Isabella Lautia his wife —
MeYne pater, genItrIX LaVta est IsabeLLVLa IanVs

nVnCVpor, In CanCro soLe natante seror. = 1592

T7u translation is questionable. The Y counts as 11=2.

On the birth of Daniel, the son of John and Anna Stoppelard —
IndIgetor danIeL, stoppLardA e gente Ioanne \

PATRE, PARENTE ANNA, STIrPE PARENTE SATA, ( __ ^

NAsCoR gandaVI, MaIo regnante, qVId VLtra ? J — '59

Cetera sCIt, qVI sCIt fata fVtVra deVs. )
i.e. I am addressed as Daniel, of the race of Stoppelard, John being my
father, Anna my mother, sprung from an ancient race, I was bom at
Ghent in the month of May, what further why prate f God knows the
rest, He knows my future fate.

On the marriage of the lawyer, Antony de Vuldere, and Jodoca
Prostia —
LiETA PATET CoeLo, patet, EN LVX seXta noVeMbrIs

ConsCIa WLderI PROSTloLiEQ: torI. = 1598

i,e. The joyful sixth day of November is manifest in heaven, conscious of
the marriage of Vulder and little Prostia.

On the marriage of Florentus Eechout and Adriana Ryme —
dIVa faVe CatharIna, tVa par nobILe LVCe

IVngItVr eeChoVto rYMIa LeCta VIro. = 1599

i,e. Oh Catherine look on us with favour, on thy day is united a noble
pair, the chosen Ryme is united to Eechout her husband. The y counts
as 11=2.

On the death of Baron Philip de Langlee Heyne —
LangLeo fataLIs erat LVX seXta noVeMbrIs,

feLIX In patrIo nVnC CoLIt Ipse poLo. = 1602

i.e. The sixth day of November was fatal to Langlee, he is now happy
and worships in his Father's sky.

^ For other chronograms concerning him, see Index < Ortelius.'

EPIGRAMS CONCERNING FLANDERS, ETC 119

Here ends the series of chronographic epigrams. The book is
licensed to be printed by the Episcopal censor, as containing nothing
contrary to orthodox faith or pious morals.

A T the end of a volume by G. Bnisch ^ are several poetical
£\^ addresses to the author's friends. This, the last one, expresses
the year of the marriage of a certain Lady Florence Weza —
WEZANiE stIrpIs fLorentIa nVpsIt heLI^

rabensteInero qVI patre natVs erat:
ConIVgII serVator eIs foeLICIa Donet

seCLa, Det et sponsIs prospera fata bonIs. = 1550

ue, Florence of the race of Weza was married to Helios, who was son
of Rabenstein : may the Saviour give to them happy years of wedlock, and
may He give prosperity to good husbands !

BALDWIN TAYERT, the third consul of the city of Courtray, to
whom the Emperor Ferdinand iii. presented a medal bearing
nis portrait, whereupon the learned and reverend doctor Peter
Wullius made this verse, * mirum ! ipso consule nesciente.'
CVr sIbI sVb terrIs faCIt IMa paLatIa ConsVL? C

aVrea ne eXtoLLat prInCIpIs effIgIes. = 1641

i,e. Why does the consul make for himself his ultimate palace under-
ground f Zest the golden portrait of the prinu should exalt him.

JULIEN WAUDRE alias Wauldret of Hainault wrote this epigram
on the cessation of the pestilence (brought by a woman on the
iSth June 1615 from Wesel), which had desolated the town of Mons
for thirteen months — Db

fcengre Dat LiETOS MatVrg JVLIVs agros, = 161 7

Ctim gravis afflictd cessat in urbe lues.

JOHN OF AUSTRIA, natural son of the Emperor, Charles v., dis-
tinguished himself at the battle of Lepanto gained over the
Turks, to the great relief of the Christians. See page 113, supra.
ad grates properate oMnes, res fortIter aCta est Bi

nonIs oCtobrIs VICtIs ad LeVCada tVrCIs. = 1571

i.e. Hasten all of you to your thanksgivings, the TUrks being conquered
at Lepanto on the nones of October.

^ Chronologia Monasteriorum Germanise. British Moseum, press-mark, 4661. b.

■^-^#1^^

GERMAN HISTORY.

*N this group are placed chronograms relating to the
history of the States and Principalities which at the
present time are included in the Empires of Germany
and Austria, as well as of some others still independent
whose affairs have been mainly associated with both
the Empires, viz., Saxony, Bavaria, and semi-independent Hungary.
The circumstances represented by the chronograms are such frag-
ments of history, that it is not possible to place them with effect in
strict chronological order, or keep them within territorial boundaries ;
the arrangement, therefore, is of a very mixed character.

Poland, once an independent kingdom, but now the entire pos-
session of neither Empire, has sufficient individuality in the history of
Europe to occupy a group to itself, and it will accordingly appear,
chronographically, at a future page.

The chronograms relating to the festival processions at the
German monasteries, as well as the panegyrics addressed to German
potentates, are placed, for the sake of convenient arrangement, in a
later part of this volume.

The hexameter and pentameter verse is frequently used in these
German Latin chronograms.

A LIST of some Emperors of Germany will be an apt commence-
ment, even though the few particulars concerning them are
expressed in a kind of jargon, and the astronomical allusions to
denote the period of the year are obscure and difficult of explana-
tion. They are represented in the following verses at the commence-

GERMAN HISTORY— EMPERORS. 121

ment of a rare little octavo volume belonging to my friend the
Rev. W. Begley, and I know of no other copy of it This is the
title, ' Carmina Caesarum, Regum, et Archiducum aliquot ex familia
Austriaca natales et obitus numeris indicantia, Authore Jos: a Pinu.
P06: coronato. M.D.LXXII.' It consists of thirty-five leaves, without
pagination, or printer's name and place.

Annus mortis Rvdolphi, Imper. 1291.^
soLVerVnt Isto te Corpore fata rVDoLphe,

QVaTTVOR Vt IVLII PRfiTERlERK DIeS. = 1 29 1

Le. The fates loosened thu from this body^ O Rudolph^ when four days
of July had passed

Abolphi, Imperat 1298.
aDVerso beLLo VIta est eXVtVs aDoLphVs,

PRfiSEPES SERO Lapsa VbI soLe fVIt. = 1298

ue. Adolphus is freed from life by unfortunate war {towards the evening f).

Alberti I. Imper. 1308.
InfIDa aLbertVs LethatVr fraVDe nepotIs,

per bIs qVInqVe annos VIX VbI sCeptra tVLIt. = 1308

ie. Albert is slain through the infamous deceit of his nephews when he
had borne the sceptre scarce twice five years.

Alberti IL Imper. 1439.
aLberte es CiESAR sVbLatVs, noCte Vt oborta,

eXCepIt DorIs syDVs hyantIs aqVIs. = 1439

i,e. O Imperial Albert^ thou art taken at the beginning of the nighty
when Doris drew out from the waters the star of Hyas {the time of the
rising of this particular star).

Friderici III. Imper. 1493.
VItaLes aVras C-fiSAR frIDerICe reLInqVIs,

soL seXto erIgones CcepIt VbI esse graDV. = 1493

i>. O Emperor Frederick^ thou didst quit the vital breath when the sun
began to enter the sixth degree of the sign Virgo^

Maximiliani I. Imp. 15 19.
phcebVs VbI rVtILans IWenILI CVrrIt In astro,

qVInte tWs MorIetVr CaroLe CiCSAR aWs. = 15x9

ue. When the ruddy sun runs into the juvenile star{f)^ thy imperial
grandfather^ O fifth Charles^ dies.

Philippi, Maximiliani filii, 1506.
reX aDIt hIspanVs CceLestIa teCta phILIppVs

annIs aDIeCIt LVstra VbI qVInqVe trIbVs. = 1506

i.e. The Spanish king entered the celestial abode when he had added five
Lustra to three y ear s.^

* It must not be supposed that any of these chronograms are older than the year 1572^
or a little prior thereto.

* Philip I., King of Spain (the Handsome), died in 1506, aged 28.

122 GERMAN HISTOR Y— EMPERORS.

Caroli V. Imp. natalis 1500.
eXCIpIt Vt rapIDVs pIsCes hyperIon iEgVosos,

ganDaVo est CiESAR CaroLVs Vrbe satVs. = 1500

i.e. When the swift sun drew out the watery fishes (scU. the Zodiac sign)^
the Emperor Charles is horn at the city of Ghent*

Ferdinandi Imp. nati 1503.
aeDItVs est VbI reX LVCIs fernanDVs In aVras

soL CeLer HELLiEiE sIgna reVIsIt oVIs. = 1503

i.e. When King Ferdinand was ushered into the realms of lights the swift
sun revisited the sign of the sheep {or ram).

Dicessus ejusdem 1564.
ortVs ICarIVs CanIs Vt proDVXerat aXe,

fernanDVs Caesar LVCe soLVtVs obIt. 8= 1564

i,e. When the Icarian dog lengthened his course in the sky, the Emperor
Ferdinand quits this mortal state.

ANNiE conjugis Ferdin. 1547.
fernanDI oCCVbVIt Consors pIa, LVCe VbI pVLsa

PHCEBO GRATA nIgR£ ROSTRA VIDeNTVr aVIS. = 1547

ue. The pious consort of Ferdinand died when the black bird pleasing to
Fhcebus is seen at the driven-out light {the constellation Aquila in the
evening {?)= the black eagie if Austria).

Ferdinandi filii FerdL Imp. (natalis) 1529 {sic).
frVgIferIs AiDiT f^inanDe VbI te aVstrIa terrIs^

CiELESTES LVCes CanCer In orbe trahIt. «= 1528

i.e. When Austria, O Ferdinand, produced thee to the fruitful earth, the
Crab draws the celestial lights in the heavens {the sun was in the sign
Cancer when he was bom{f) ).

Annus nativitatis Maximiliaki IL Impeiatoris 1527.
aVstrIaCVs prInCeps regnator nasCItVr orbIs,

preCLarI proa VI nobILe noMen habens. = 1527

le. The Austrian prince, the leader of the world, is bom, having the name
of a very renowned ancestor.

Here endeth the list of the Emperors. At a later page this, the
last chronogram, occurs —

S. Maria matris salvat 3947.
seXta DIes IDVs septeMbrIs VIDIt ab ortV,

ChrIstI CVM pVra est Creta pVeLLa parens. =s 3947

i.e. The sixth day saw the ides of September from its rise {the morning
of Sth Sept,), when the pure maiden the mother of Christ was bom.

The rest of the book is filled with epigrams and poems relating to
various distinguished persons, but as there are no more chronograms
I close it, saying that it is a very curious one. There is another work
by the same author, quoted by the title * Eteostichon liber,' I have
searched at the British Museum and at some foreign libraries without
finding a copy. I find many chronograms quoted therefi'om in other
old books.

GERMAN HISTOR Y— MAXIMILIAN L II 1 23

PHILIP I., King of Spam, the son of the Emperor of Germany,
Maximilian i., and the beautiful Mary, Duchess of Burgundy,
was bom at Bruges on the 23d June 1478. The Emperor had
obtained, in right of his wife, dominion over the Netherlands pro-
vinces ; on her death in 1482 his Flemish subjects revolted against
his authority,^ which they never recognised except as guardian of his
son Philip, whom they looked upon as their ruler. It was probably
on this event that the following chronogram was made. As for the
chronogram itself, it gives the date 1473. ^^ ^^ intended, according
to my authority, to give that of the birth of Philip, 1478, his parents
having been married in 1477. The historian whom I quote, however,
remarks, 'Voici un assez mauvais vers qui marque mal Fannie de
cette naissance' — £b

oMnIbVs aCCeptVs regnat bonVs eCCe phIUppVs. = 1473

ue. Behold the good Philip reigns accepted by all. Another historian
thus notices this faulty chronogram, ' Ejus natalem hoc nidi metro
numeralibus litteris quidam expressit'

On the death of the Emperor Maximilian i. —
aqVILa CeCIdIt, Leo doLore preMItVr, LILIa rIdent, rosa
Inter spInas Latet. =1519

ue. The eagle fell^ the lion is oppressed with grief y the lily Uudghs^ the rose
lurks among the thorns. The letters d are not counted. This alludes
to the political situation in Europe, and the jealousies and intrigues
of Germany, Hollaad, France^ and England.

On the coronation of Ferdinand i. of Bohemia, 28th Feb. 1527 —
senA LVCe qVater febrVA spLenDente reVeCtA, K

fernanDVs PRAGiE regIa sCeptra CapIt. = 1527

ue. On the bright 28M day cf February^ Ferdinand takes the royal
sceptres at Prague,

JVLaximilian il en^>eror, from a book ' In felicem inaugurationem
sereniss: Regis MaximyHani et reginae Marias, etc. etc. Pragae, 1562.'

On his coronation, xii kalendas Octobris 1562 —
CeLsa paLes sVrgIt, CLaro reDeVnte toparCha Rd

fItqVe feraX fVnDVs, pLantaqVe qVaeqVe feraX. = 1562

Le, A lofty (pahs fj^ rises, the illustrious governor returning, the ground
becomes fertile and every plant fruitful.
LaVta CeLebretIs, proCeres, ConVIVIa regnI: Rd

reX saLWs VIVens aeMILIanVs oVat. = 1562

le, O nobles, may ye celebrate the rich banquet of the kingdom, King
{Max)imilian triumphs alive and safe,
sVsCIpIt aCCeptos soLII reX IVstVs honores Rd

qVI VenIt aVstrIaCIs aeMILIanVs aVIs. = 1562

i,e. The just king receives the usual honours of the throne, {Max)imilian
who comes from an Austrian ancestry.

^ Maximilian was imprisoned at Bruges by his rebel sabjects. See p. 55^ ante.

' Sicp but query meaning Palaestes = a wrestler ; or Pales, the godaess of husbandry.

124 MAXIMILIAN II— RUDOLPH IL— MATTHIAS.

Two chronograms on the death of the * good ' Emperor Maxi-
milian II. in 1576. He was succeeded by his son Rudolph 11. —

aLtA qVIeS PRiELVSTRE CapVt, qVoD PRiEFVIx orbI F

sVbrVIt; eXCeLLens VIX tegIt Vrna DeCVs. = 1576

Le. Profound rest overwhelms the illustrious head which ruled the world ;
the tomb scaruly covers his surpassing glory.
arCe ratIsbona profeCtVs In -sthera CiESAR, F

CiESAR aIt: fILI, DIVe rVDoLphe, VaLe. = 1576

i.e. The Emperor havifig departed from the citadel of RcUisbon into heavcfi^
says^ thou divine Emperor Rudolph my son^ farewell The Emperor
died at Ratisbon.

Jxudolph II. of Austria. Crowned 1576. Died 20th January
1 61 2. Age 36. Both events are thus marked — /

rVDoLphVs IMperator aVgVstVs. = 1576

DVX aC LVX gentIs fabIanI heV LVCe roDoLphVs /

CiESARlo genItVs sangVIne CiESAR obIt. = l6l2

i,e. Alas! on the day of Fabian^ Rudolph the leader and light of the
nation^ bom of the blood of the emperors^ diescu emperor. Saint Fabian's
day, 2oth January new style, or according to a contemporary history,
on the zoth January (old style), between 6 and 7 in the morning.

Ajn old engraving in the British Museum (press-mark 565. f. i),
dated isth February i6ii, representing the town of Passau being
destroyed by war and fire, is thus inscribed —
ANNO, rVDoLphVs et MatthIas Laborant. = 161 1

Another engraving represents the Emperor Rudolph ii. dead,
lying in state with a wreath round his head —
Itane MorerIs rVDoLphe LaVreate? = 1612

Another engraving represents the coronation of Matthias, who
succeeded his brother Rudolph, and is thus dated —
MathIa VIVas a Deo Coronate. = 161 2

On the death of Albert Count-Palatine, Duke of Bavaria, on
24th October 1579. Extract, sent to me from the Imperial Library,
Vienna, from a little book, ' Poemata Joannis Engerdi, Ingolstadii,
1582. 8^'

seX qVater oCtobrIs soLes tangebat apoLLo,

Vt pater aLbertVs CoeLI MIgraret In arCes. = • 1579

f>. The sun (ApolloS had arrived at six times four days in October^
when our father Aloert passed to the fortress of heaven.

weIn Monats VIer VnD zweIntzIgst tag

fVhrt Vnsers fVrsten grosse kLag. = 1579

Weep^ on the four-and-twentieth day of the month our prince caused
great lamentation.

LEWIS VL ELECTOR-PALATINE— GERMAN HISTORY. 125

i-#ewis VI., Elector-Palatine, bom 1539, died 12th October 1583
at Heidelberg. He is the subject of the seven following chrono-
grams— /
LVDoVICVs prInCeps paLatInVs eLeCtor DefVnCtVs = 1583
ue. Prince Lewis^ Elector-Palatine^ is dead,

ISTE PATER PATRliE PRInCePS OBIIt LVDoVICVs /

CVI CorDI IntegrItas reLLIgIonIs erat. = 1583

i,e. This father of his country^ Prince Lewis ^ is deady he had at heart the
unity of religion,
ISTE paLatIn^ LoDoVICVs gLorIa gentIs /

oCCVbat oCtobrIs qVarta ter ItqVe DIes. = 1583

Le, Lewis the glory^of the Palatinate falls j on the thrive fourth day of
October he departs.
In CIneres PAXRliE pater, heV heV trIstIa fata, /

bIs seXta oCtobrIs LVCe CaDente CaDIt, = 1583

i,e. The father of his country falls into asheSy alas sadfate^ on the twice
sixth of October at the close of the day.
LVX VbI fVLsIsset bIs seXta oCtobrIs In aXe, /

eLeCtor rhenI DVX LVDoVICVs obIt. = 1583

i,e. When the twice sixth of October had shone in the skieSy
Duke Lems Elector (f the Rhine country dies,
EN paLatInVs erat qVI DVX LVDoVICVs In aVLA /

nVnC VIVIt ChrIsto perfrVItVrqVe poLo. = 1583

i,e, Beholdy he who was Duke Palatine in the palace^ now lives with
Christ happily in heaven,
Intereant CasV ^ona VeL MaLa CVnCta repent^ /

ET VERk CONSTANS nIL VagVs ORBIs HABET. = 1583

i,e, (obscure) All good or bad things may suddenly perish by chance^ and
truly this wandering world has nothing constant.

JVledal on a Duke of Bavaria — A

baVarI^ DVCls Mors. =: 1612

PRfisVLIs ernestI LaVDes post fata Manent. = 16 12

i,e. The death of the Duke of Bavaria, — The Praises of the ruler Ernest
remain after his death.

Medal to John George, Duke of Saxony, 2Sth September 1620,
represents a view of Bautzen besieged and burnt, thus inscribed — A

bVDIssIna CiESARl regIqVe sVo reDDIta. = 1620

i.e. Bautzen restored to the emperor and its king.

A folio volume in Lambeth Palace Library (press-mark 13. cio),
*Ehren Gedechnus dess Durchleuchtigen Hochgebomen Fursten —
Ludwigen Landgraven zu Hessen. Marpurg 1626.' Curious en-
gravings of die funeral of Ludwig of Hesse, with addresses, poems,
sermons, etc., thereon, and to his memory.

126 GERMAN HISTORY— HESSE. AUSTRIA— BOHEMIA.

A funeral sennon by Martin Helvicus, anno: —
heVI passIM VLtrICI terret beLLona fLageLLo,

Nos patroCInIo ChrIste tVere tVo ! = 1626

Le. In the year; Alas! Bellona everywhere terrifies us with an avenging
whip^ do thou^ O Christy defend us with thy patronage.

The aecond part of the volume is dated 12th November 1626, and
has also this chronogram —

DIspergat reX VIrtVtIs nostros InIMICos^ = 1626

i.e. May the king qf valour scatter our enemies !

Among the poems of ^ Grief and Groans' one concludes with this
* Eteostichon,' expressing the date of Ludwig's death, i6th July 1626,
and his funeral, nth September 1626 —
JVLIVs EN noVIes ter CeLso Vt LVXerat aXe,

prInCeps LVDVICVs LiExVs aD astra VenIt. = 1626

bIs noVIesqVe VbI LVX septeMbrIs fVLserat, eCCe

prInCIpIs eXWIas, heI, CapIt Vrna LeVIs. = 1626

i.e. When July had thrice nine times sfume in the lofty sky y Prince Lewis
joyfully went to heaven. When the light of September had shone twice
and nine times ^ behold the slight urn receives the mortal remains of the
prince.

A tract in the British Museum (press-mark 327. g. 9), ' Carmina
lugubria de infelici casu et prematuro obitu ex naufiagio V J&nuarii
die Anni hujus 1629,' etc., by Johannes Sictor. It concerns the
death by 'shipwreck' of Prince. Frederic Henry, son of Frederic,
King of Bohemia, at the age of fifteen years. The qircumstance
occurred on the river Y, near Amsterdam, in a dense fog, between
four and five in the evening of V January, when several distinguished
persons also perished. Among various Latin epigrams and lamenta-
tions are these chronograms —

natVs eras IanI, frIDerICe henrICe, CaLenDIs
arChI-paLatIno regIa steLLa thoro. = 16 14

septIMa te IanI ter qVIno sVstVLIt anno,

naVfragIo patrI-«, frIgore pLena DIes. = 1629

i.e. Thou wert born, O Frederic Henry ^ on the calends of January^ a
royal star of the Elector-palatine family. The seventh of January took
thee away in thy thrice fifth year (15M) by shipwreck^ a day full of
horror to thy country.

On a beautiful large medal, representing the portiaits —

ELEONORiE AVSTRlACiE ET CaROLo •LoTHARIngICO FLVIT eX O

astrIs oMnIs feLICItas. = 1628

ie. To Eleanor of Austria and Charles of Lorraifu all happiness comes
from above.

Medal, or Thaler, to Julius Sigismund, Duke of Juliusburg, was
struck by his two brodiers ; it bears four inscriptions — xsty denoting

GERMAN HISTOR K SAXONY. 127

his birth ; 26^ his marriage with Anna Sophia of Mecklenburg ; 3d, the
birth of a son ; 4th, pro^bly his death — F

feLICI tempore eDIto. d. 18. aug. = 1653

ie. Bom in a happy time. 18M of August

VetVsTA STIrpIs HENETiE ANNA SOPHIa MeCLeNBVrGENSIS F

IpsI traDItVr. d. s. apr. = 1677

ue. Of an ancient ^Heneta* family ^ Anna Sophia of Mecklenburg is
given to him. ^th April.

sVrCVLVs eXDsMpto prognatVs stIpIte regnet. d. ii. F

MART. = 1682

i.e. May the branch rdgn^ comifig from the stock that has been taken
away. 11th March. F

eXVsta est arbor sic eXIt gLorIa MVnDL d. xv. octob. == 1684
i.e. The tree is burnt up^ thus passes the glory of the world.

/^^N the death of Elizabeth, wife of George Duke of Saxony —
\J In ChrIsto oCCVbVIt VERiE pIetatIs aMatrIX Mb

rIphceo teLLVs Lang Vet Vt Vsta geLV. = 1557

i.e. A lover of true piety died in Christy how the land languishes con-
sumed by Riphoeanfrost !

Medal to Frederic Grand Duke of Sachsen-Altenburg —
pVgnanDo MorItVr proprIa hIC VIrtVtIs arena est. = 1625
ix. He died fightings this is the proper arena of valour.

Medal to John George Elector Duke of Saxony —
saLVator gentIs Manet anChora fIDa repressIs. s= 1658

i.e. The saviour of the nation remains a faithful atuhor to the oppressed.

Medal to WUliam Duke of Saxony —
sIC BENE WILheLMVs feCIt faCIetqVe bene VLtra

Vt rata VerIfLVo est eLLogIo genItrIX. = 1658

i.e. Thus did William well and will do well hereafter as his mother
imagined with a true saying.

See the medal following next but one.

Medal to John George 11. Duke of Saxony, on the building of a
church at Moritzburg. It bears a quotation in German from Psalm
26, V. 8. * Lord, I have loved the habitation of thy house,' etc., and
WeIhVng Der MorItzbVrger CapeL. d. 24. ivn. = 1672

i.e. The consecration of the chapel at Moritzburg^ 2 ^h June.

A memorial Thaler referring to the consecration of the Court-
church at Weimar by Duke William of Weimar on 28th May, bears
this inscription —

sic BENE WILheLMVs feCIt faCIetqVe bene VLtra, F

Vt rata VerIfLVo est eLogIo genItrIX. = 1608

This strange motto is said to be due to the mother of William,
Dorothea Maria, a Princess of Anhalt, who on her deathbed said, ' If
Fritz keeps himself like a prince he will remain one, and William also
will be all right' The interpretation is obscure. See the foregoing

128 GERMAN HISTOR Y— WEIMAR. SAXONY.

medal next but one ; the date of this' medal differs fifty years from
that, by the omission of one l from the word ' elogio.' This may be
an error, and the two medals may refer to one and the same person.

Another Thaler of the same Duke William of Weimar, said to
indicate the peace at Osnaburg and Miinster, which ended the Thirty
Years' War. It bears these chronograms marking the commencement
and termination — E

Iehovah paX esto serVate fIDeM respICIte gentes. = 1619

i.e. O Jehavahf be thou our peaa^ preserve the faith^ look upon the
nations. E

CeDaNT ARMa TOGiE TOTO TOGA fLoREAT ORBE. = 1650

i,e. Let arms yield topeace^ may peace flourish over the whole world.

The first line is faulty, because a letter v is not used, and the
second line is too wordy.

Medal to Frederic Duke of Saxony and Westphalia on the
inauguration of the foundling hospital at Altenburg, 6th Dec 1705 —
orbIs seCtantes te prInCeps sI Dare posset G

His ET PAR TOTO NOMeN In ORBE FORET. = 1 705

Another on the same occasion, to the benefactors and the ladies
of the city — G

seCLo per Matres est reparanDa saLVs. =• 1705

Another medal to Duke Frederic on founding an orphan asylum
chiurch at Gotha — G

frIDerICo optIMo orphanotrophII strVCtore. = 1710

i.e. To Erederick the mostgood^ the founder of the orphanage.

Medal on the death of Christina of Baden, widow of Frederic
Duke of Saxe-Gotha, represents the sun between the signs Capricorn
and Sagittarius, with this inscription — G

Finito cursu altius. baDensIs sIC estChrIstInareMIssa. = 1705
Dec : XX. sole imminente signo Capricomi.
i.e. Thy course being ended^ ascend! Thus is Christina of Baden setfree^
on 20th December^ the sun approaching the sign of Capricorn.

Medal on the death of John William, Duke of Saxony, on isth
August, has a long inscription ending thus —

Flebilis omnibus, flebilior nuUi Caro qVaM fratrI G
freDerICo. = 1707

i.e. Mourned by aU^ mourned by none more than his dear brother
Erederic.

Another after his death, which happened at the siege of Toulon — G
DantVr praeMIa CLarI poLL = 1708

i.e. Great rewards are given in heaven.

Medal to Frederic, Duke of Saxony, bearing emblems of friend-
ship with neighbouring provinces; ' Frudentis nexu amoris ]' the name
* Jdiovah ;• and this verse —

SAXONY, GERMAN HISTORY— B RE ISA CH. 1 29

Vt Coeant et aMor sVaVe et prVDentIa neXV G

stetqVe pater patriae fLoret IehoVa I Wet. = 1709

i,e. May lave and prudence in agreeable union meet together, and may the
father of his country stand andflourishy may Jehovah help /

iVledal on the birth of Prince Immanuel of Saxe-Gotha, repre-
sents the parenu and their children, and above them a vision of
'Immanuel/ also this hexameter chronogram adapted from Psalm
cxxiix=[i28. V. 4] — Q

sic proaVIta Manet seros beneDICtIo natos. = 1709

ue. Thus the ancestral benediction awaits late posterity.

Medal on the birthday of Friderica Elizabeth, wife of the Duke
of Saxe-Weissenfels, represents the same device as described in the
Denmark medals, about the pearl,i and inscribed * solo perficitur sole,'
Le. It is accomplished by the sun alone — G

VIgeat seMper frIDerICa eLIsabetha Laeta. =s 1709

i,e. May tlu joyful Friderica Elizabeth always flourish !

JVledal to John George, Duke of Saxony —
VIVat Iohannes georgIVs DVX saXo qVerfVrtensIs pater
patrL« pIVs feLIX sapIens aVgVstVs MVLtos In annos eX G
Voto. d. 13. juLii, = 1709

i.e. May John George y Duke of Saxony Queffurt, live the father of his
country, piousy happy, wise, august for many years, according to our
wishes 1 I ith July,

Medal of John George, Duke of Saxony, intended as a prize at a
shooting with cross-bows, on the occasion of the christening of Prince
Augustus his son — F

In gLaDIIs fLoret rVta Ita aMoena sVIs. = 1615

Medal on the death of Christian Ernest the pious, Duke of Saxe-
Coburg-Selfeld—

ChrIstIanVs ernestVs pIVs In sangVIne serVatorIs sVI et F
In bona paCe obDorMIVIt. = 1745

i,e. The pious Christian Ernest fell asleep in the blood of his Saviour
and in happy peace.

MEDAL on the taking of Breisach by the Duke of Weimar has
this hexameter and pentameter verse —
InVICto fortIs CeCIDIt BRiElSiCls aChILLI

IVngItVr et tanto DIgna pVeLLa VIro. = 1638

i.e» The strong Breisach fell before the unconquered Achilles, and the
worthy girl is united to the illustrious man.

This is a play on a presumed Latin form of the name of Breisach,
and an allusion to Weimar as representing Achilles in the classical

* See Index, Denmark Chronograms.
R

130 GERMAN HISTOR Y—BREISACH, RHETNFELS.

story of Briseis and Achilles. The fortress of Breisach was held by the
Emperor of Germany, and being besieged by the Duke of Saxe-
Weimar, then in alliance with Louis xiii. of France, was forced to
surrender through famine in 1638. Louis wished to annex Breisach to
France, but failed to induce Weimar to give it up, who held it to annoy
Austria, gallantly replying to the French minister when pressed to
explain his conduct, * To part with my conquest would be to sacrifice ,
my honour ; ask a virgin to deliver up her chastity !' Weimar died
in 1639, at the early age of 35, and, as it was asserted by poison,
through the jealousy of Cardinal Richelieu. Breisach, now a decayed
town, was once a frontier fortress and the key to Germany.

iVLedal struck at Strasburg (Argentoratum) on the peace of
Nimegen ; it represents Noah's ark, and the dove approaching with
an olive branch —

aVrea paX potIVs tIbI o argentIna tVIsqVe A

MVnVs diving sVbVoLat aVXILIo. = 1679

Le, O Strasburgy may golden peace be to ihee^ and may the gift be felt as
by Divine assistance.

JVLedal on the raising of the siege of Rheinfels on 2d January
1693. The fortress was held successfully by the Landgrave of Hesse
against the French army, commanded by Marshal Tallard, who pro-
mised it to his master, Louis xiv., as a New Year's gift, but was imable
to fulfil his word.

arX rheInfeLs hassorVM VIrtVte fVgIente taLLarDg A
serVatVr. = 1693

i.e. The fortress of Rheinfels is preserved through the valour of the
Hessians and the flight of Tallard,

Medal to Louis William, Margrave of Baden, on his taking com-
mand of the army on the Rhine against the French, has this verse —
aVXILIVM eXpeCtans hergIs ab ense baDensIs F

PRiESAGiT RHENVs FATA BENIgNA sIbI. = 1 693

i,e. The Rhine expecting help from the sword of the hero of Baden^
augurs favourable results to him.

T riENNA was besieged by the insurgent Hungarians and the Turks,
y aided by the intrigues of Louis xiv., and was reduced to great
distress and danger, when John in.. King of Poland, in alliance with
the Princes of Germany, came to the relief, defeated the assailants,
and saved the city. The following medal commemorates the event —
arCVs fortIVM sVperatVs est, et DebILes affVsI sVnt

ROBORE. I. REG. 3. s= 1 683

i,e. The bo7v of the mighty men has been broken^ and the weak have been
filled with strength, i Samuel 2. v. 4.

A MEDAL WITH CHRONOGRAM,
ON THE CAPTURE OF BRYSAC BY BERNHARD DUKE OF SAXE-WEIMAR IN 1636.

BERNHARDUS O.G. SAX. lULCLIV. T MONT DUX. LANDGR THURING.
MARCH. MISN. COMES. MARC. ET RAVENSB. DOM. RAVENST

brIsIaCo Capto, CoeLIs VICtorIa VenIt.^
bernharDo tVUt eX hoste troph/ea DUCI.j

«i63a

SIEGE OF VIENNA. 131

LeopoLDo Caesare, Ioanne rege poLonIae, baVarIae et
saXonIae eLeCtorIbVs, DVCe LotharIngIae, eXterIsqVe pro
VIrIbVs pVgnantIbVs, VIenna obsessa LIberatVr. = 1683

i>. By Leopold the Emperor^ John King of Poland^ by the Electors of
Bavaria and Saxony ^ by the Duke ofLorraine^ and the foreigners fight-
ing in aid, besieged Vienna is relieved.

Another medal on the relief of Vienna is inscribed Die y Sep.
1683—

eX InsIgnI hoC portItVDInIs et persIstentIae eXeMpLo. = 1683
i.e. This is through the splendid example of bravery and perseverance,

OPPVGNATA bona est NON eXpVGNATA VIENNA I

NAM CaeLo perDens hostIbVs hostIs erat. = 1683

i,e, Vienna is well attacked but not beaten i for the enemy was ruined by
his enemies in heaven. A representation of a battle, the sun rising and
the moon (the crescent) entering the clouds. *Hoc oriente fugit'
' Die V Sep. 1683.'

There is another version of the foregoing medal, with this chrono-
gram—

gVbernIo generaLIs ernestI a stareMberg VIenna a tVrCIs
InsIDIata serVatVr. = 1683

i.e. Through the management of General Ernest von Staremberg,
besieged Vienna was saved from the Turks,

Medal to the Emperor is inscribed leopoldo: i. consil: indus-
tria ; with this chronogram —
anno DVX aLtIssIMVs WIennae proteCtor; die 14.

MENSIS JULI: OBSIDIO INCEPTA. die 12. MENSIS SEPTEMB: AUTEM

finita. = 1683

i,e. In this year. The most exalted leader the Protector of Vienna, The
siege commenced on 14M of July, but was put an end to on 12th of
September.

Another medal gives the date of the siege —

VIENNA aVsTRIaE -^ IVLII AB aChMetE II OBSESSA ^ SEPT. eX

Insperato ab eo Deserta est. = 1683

i.e, Vienna of Austria^ besieged 14th July by Ackmet the Second, is
unexpectedly abandoned by him on 12th September,

Medal to Pope Alexander viii., who was created 6th October
1689. His family name was Ottoboni. He helped Leopold against
the Turks. It bears these inscriptions — * Nomine deposito
Petrus incipit esse, sedendo Ottobonus toto corde, sit
ergo bonus.'

eVenIVnt VenetIs VegetIs IaM prospera, qV/e VIr
ID satIs Ipse reCens papa LatIne probas. s= 1689

A single printed sheet, published at Nuremberg in 1683 (British
Museum, press-mark 1750. c 2-19.), representing a cross decorated

132 GERMAN HISTORY— LEIPZIG.

with various mystic emblems and German inscriptions ; bears the
date of the siege of Vienna thus — Im Jahr darinnen es heisset —
tVrCa feroX fVgIt en ! pressa 6 IaM pLaVDe VIenna ! =1683
i,e. Behold the fierce Turk flies, rejoice now, O hard-pressed Vienna.

A German medal to the new Pope, Clement xi., who had_disputes
with Austria about the rights of the Church — G

roMae sanCtae DeCor. = ^7oo

i,e. The ornament of sacred Rome.

Medal on the coronation of Frederic iii. of Prussia. It repre-
sents the shields and arms of eight cotemporary Electors. The date
is twice given in this short sentence — G
Da paCeM ChrIste = 1701
ET ConCorDIaM. = 1 701
i,e. Give peace and concord^ O Christ,

Medal to commemorate the adoption at Leipzig, in December
1702, of certain street lamps, which were used also at London,
Amsterdam, Vienna, Berlin, etc. It represents one of fantastic
design, with this hexameter line — G

Laternas Don at roMano LIpsIa Conso: = 1702

Le Leipzig gives lamps through the Imperial magistrate.

Medal relating to the Botanic Garden at Leipzig, and to^the
planting there of the aloe and pine-apple — * G

MVnDI sic transit gLorIa LenIs. = 17 10

Le, The slight glory of the world thus passes. Alluding to the aloe,
which perishes after it has flowered, and so pointing a moral reflection
on the fall of the pride of self-satisfaction.

Medal on the marriage of the Emperor Leopold i. and Eleanora
bears his portrait —

CoNsILIo ET InDVstrIa — ^VIrtVte atqVe MaIestate. = 1676

i.e. By skill and diligence. By valour and majesty.

Medal on the birth of their son, (afterwards) Emperor Joseph i. —
IosephVs aVstrIaCae DoMVs feLIX haeres. = 1678

natVs VIennae VII kaL aVg : hora seCVnDa Mane. = 1678

ie. Joseph the happy heir of the house of Austria. Bom at Vienna 26th
July, at two d clock in the morning.

A book, * Germania Austriaca, seu Topographia, etc. eta, studio
et labore cujusdam societatis Jesu,' Vienna, 1701, narrates that the
Emperor Leopold and Eleanora, returning to Vienna after their mar-
riage, rested at the monastery of Gottwieh ; they made this triple
chronogram, and the Emperor wrote it with his own hand on the wall
of their bed-chamber —

Leopold Vs IMperator, et eLeanora eIVs VXor, = 1677

peraCtIs passaVII nVptIIs LiETl VIennaM reDeVntes = 1677

GERMAN HrSTOR Y— LEOPOLD L JOSEPH L 133

In gottVICensIas CeterIo DIVI beneDICtI reLIgIonI saCro
HoC sCrIpserVnt. = ;677

ue. The Emperor Leopold and Eleanora his wifey their nuptials having
been celebrated at Passau, returning joyfully to Vienna wrote this in the
monastery of Gbttweih^ sacred to Saint Benedict and to religion.

This monastery, conspicuous near the Danube above Viennai was
founded in 1072 ; the present structure dates from 17 19.

A medal ^see Plate II.) bears the portrait of Leopold i., Emperor
of Germany, mscribed —
hIC VIr hIC est CiESAR pIetate InsIgnIs et arMIs

Fornax CVIVs LaVrea sanCta CapVt. = 1694

i.e. Here is the man, he is the emperor renowtudfor piety and warfare^
whose head the scured laurel adorns.

Medal to the Emperor Leopold and his son Joseph —
annVs saCVLarIs XVII a nato IesV ChrIsto, CVI gLorIa
sIt DICenDa In SweCVLa, = 1700

i,e. The seventeenth century from the birth of Christy to whom be glory
forever. __^__^__^^_^^

TV /r EDAL representing the town of Breslau, and above it Hebrew
IVa words meaning, * under the shadow of the Almighty/ also

this chronogram, both l^ing adaptations from Psalm 91. v. i — G

seMper Defensa beLLo et paCe. = C700

i,e. Always our defence in war and peace.

On the reverse is an altar with two hearts on it, inscribed s p Q w

(=Senatus populusque Wratislaviensis), and this chronogram —

aMbo ConCorDes, = 1700

i,e. These two hearts ^ or concords.

Above it are Hebrew words meaning ' O Lord our shield/ from

Psalm 59. V. II.

JVLedal to the Emperor Joseph i. This chronogram is not con-
structed with Roman numerals, but with special letters, as indicated
by the key on the medal, a system known by the term Caballa or
Cabbala. The obverse bears this chronographic inscription, every
letter being counted —

lOSEPHUS IMPERATOR REGNAT AMORE ET TIMORE. G
(facit mdccv.) = 1705

On the reverse is— cab all* clavis.

The six words of
the inscription com-
pose the numbers
512,415, 233, 166,
105, and 274, and
their total is 1705,
agreeing with the
concluding words
* facit mdccv.*

A=i

K= 10

T = 100

B=2

L = 20

U = 200

C = 3
D = 4

E = S
F = 6

M=30
N = 40
0 = 50
P =60

V=3oo
X = 40o
Y = 5oo
Z = 600

G=7
H=8

Q=7o
R = 8o

I =9

S = 90

134 GERMAN HISTOR Y— JOSEPH I. SIEGES OF LAND A U.

In the margin, Sit inefiabilis sit innumerabilis Austriae
gloria.

Le. The Emperor Joseph reigns hy love and fear. {Makes 1705.) May
the glory of Austria be unspeakcAUy innumerable !

Medal to Joseph i. bears this glorifpng inscription, adapted from
the Book of Genesis — G

CresCet Vt aD fonteM. gen: 49. v. 22. =1705

i,e. He shall increase as at a fountain.

THE following chronograms relate to the siege of Landau in
Rhenish Prussia, and principally concern the Emperor Joseph i.
The place became a possession of the French in the seventeenth cen-
tury, and was fortified by Vauban, who considered it to be impreg-
nable, and placed over one of its gates a vainglorious inscription that
it never would be forced. This chronogram was subsequently made
out of his words —

haeC neMInI CeDet. = 1702

i.e. It will yield to no one. It was captured from the French in that
year by Joseph i., Emperor of Germany, and a medal was struck on
the occasion, inscribed thus —

InVICtVs GERMANliE reX IosephVs I. LanDaVII eXpVgnator= 1702
i.e. The invincible King of Germany y Joseph /, the conqueror of Landau.

Another medal has this further chronogram —
CeDIt taMen CiESARl. s= 1702

i.e. It yields nevertheless to the Emperor.

And another medal tells us —
CessIt LeopoLDo Magno et Iosepho. = 1702

i.e. It yielded to Leopold the Greats and to Joseph.

posthaC CeDet neMInI. = 1702

i.e. Henaforth it will yield to no one.

Another medal represents the fortress, and is inscribed —
CiESAREO aVspICIo, regIs VIrtVte, baDensIs feLICI DVCtV,
gaLLo est eX VngVe retraCta, = 1702

ie. Drawn back from the claw of the cock (Erance) under the auspices of
the Emperor y by the valour of the kingy and the happy leading of the
Margrave of Baden.

The place again fell into the hands of its enemy, as marked in the
next line, taken from a poetic historical narrative —

opIMa gaLLIs praeDa CessI. = 1703

i,e. I yielded a rich booty to the French,

It was retaken by Joseph i. on 25 th November 1704, as com-
memorated by a medal thus inscribed —

bIs CessIt LeopoLDo Magno et regI Iosepho. = 1704

ie. It has yielded twice to Leopold the Great and King Joseph.

SIEGES OF LANDA U. GERMAN HISTORY -JOSEPH L 135

And yet another medal takes up the history —
CeDIt bIs CiESARls arMIs. = 1704

Le, It yields twice to the arms of the Emperor.

reX IosephVs LanDaVIVM Iterata VICe strenVe
eXpVgnat. = 1704

ie. King Joseph promptly subdues Landau a second time.

The following aspiration, taken from a poetic narrative,^ points to
the end of the troubles —

o si InterrIta posthaC CeDere tenear neMInI 1 = 1705

i.e. Oh that I may be held in future undaunted to yield to no one I

After all this boasting and fighting, Landau was ceded by the
Treaty of Baden in 1814 to the French, who held it until 181 5. It
has been an object of contest in almost every European war, and at
present it is included in the Empire of Germany.

On the occasion of a conference for peace after one of the sieges
of Landau, the narrative now quoted tells us — 'This act was com-
pleted to the music of trumpets and drums, and with the singing of
this ariviKiov* —
gLorIa parta sIet tota tIbI treMenDe poLarCha !

MIra patrastI anno hoC s^epe CanenDa pIIs. = 1704

[It is said that Landau was besieged and taken seven times in the
Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648.]

MEDAL to Joseph i., who ' now takes the reins of the empire
under happy auspices,' in the year 1705 —

HOSTES IMPERII PORRO DePELLe IoSEPHE ; ET A

PROSPER PERGENS HOSTICa REGNA PETE. = 1705

i.e. Drive to a distance the enemies of the empire^ O Joseph^ and success-
fully pursuing, qftack them in their own hostile land. This is followed
by ' Felicium temporum reparatio.' See chronogram to James iii.,the
Pretender.* There are many complementary medals to this Joseph,
one of which extols him as ' salvator orbis.' Flattery cannot go
further I _^.-^^^-^.^_«

T VERSES on the death of the Emperor, Leopold i.,' commence

V with this

Anagram.

Leopoldus imperator Germanicus.

Sparge lucem astrorum in polo Dei.
And further on is this ' Eteostichon anni fatalis mdccv.' —
qVI tVrCas VICIt, LeopoLD, gaLLosqVe fVgaVIt Ra

IngreDItVr bene VICtor oVans fastIgIa CceLI. = 1705

ie. (The anagram) Leopold the German Emperor. Spread the light of
the stars in GocPs heaven. — Leopold, who conquered the Tidrhs and put
the Gauls to flight, enters in triumph the heights of heaven.

^ See ' Nova Literaria Germanbe/ vol. for 1705. ' See p. 88, ante.

* See ' Nova Literaria Germanise/ British Mnsearn, 896. h. 10-14.

136 DEATH OF LEOPOLD L

LeopoLDo CiESARE MortVo, = 1705

losEPH IMperator DeI gratIa sCeptra CapIt. = 1705

Anagram,
losephus imperator Romanus
Oh ! tarn pius es, porro eris Numa-
Le. The Emperor Leopold being dead^Joseph^ the Emperor by the grace
of Gody takes the sceptre, Joseph^ Emperor of the Romans^ Oh so pious
thou arty thou wilt henceforth be a Numa,

A year having elapsed since the death of Leopold, sermons^ were
preached at Vienna (in May 1 706) ; in one of them were these ex-
pressions—
* Annus emortualis his inclusis verbis visitur,*

CiBSAR CVM Deo peLLo CVM Deo. = 1705

and, aD soLeM CVrro pLaneta. = 1705

and, CVM soLo soLe Deo. = 1705

PiX Gratz, in Styria, a commemoration was held in 1706, when
these inscriptions were used on a * mausoleum ' put up there by the
University,* anno —

qVo IosephVs I. HiEREDlTARlo IVre, et C-«sareIs VIrtVtIbVs
InsIgnIs ter feLIX regIMen InIt. = 1705

Le, In the year when Joseph /, in his own hereditary rights and dis-
tinguished for imperial virtues^ thrice happy undertakes the government.

LeopoLDo I. CiESARl pIIssIMo, = 1705

GRiECENsIs IesV soCIetas ET VnIVersItas eX obLIgatIone
In eIVs parent aLIbVs hanC araM I.Vgentes ConseCrarVnt,= 1705

ANNO qVo Is eXpLetIs SeXagInTA qVatVoR iETATiS SV-fi

annIs pIe DeCessIt qVInta MaIL = 1705

Siste viator — memento — quod certe nunc es% dum
LeopoLDI neCI orbIs IngeMIt. = 1705

i,e. To Leopold /, the most pious emperor, the Society of the Jesuits of
Gratz and the University , as in duty bound, in commemoration of his
funeral, have mournfully consecrated this altar, in the year in which he
died, having lived sixty four years, he died piously on the fifth of May,
Stop traveller — remember— that now the world groans for the death of
Leopold,

Medal on the death of Leopold and succession of Joseph —
VIVIs ereptVs patriae pater DIWs LeopoLDVs In Iosepho
FiLIo reDIVIWs. = 1 70s

i,e, Leopold, the godlike father of his country, being snatched away from
among the living, lives again in his son Joseph,

THE obsequies in honour of the funeral of Leopold i. held
at Cologne, extracted from *Nova Literaria Germanise' for
November 1705. Many chronograms are mixed up with the text

* Sec *Nova Literaria Germaniae,* British Museum, 896. h. 10-14, * ^^*d.

DEATH OF LEOPOLD L 137

of the narrative, which is written by one Peter Theodore Hilden, and

commences thus —

* Schema parentalis pompae gloriosissimo ac invictissimo Leopoldo i.

Rom: Imp: — ^a mcereniti s. p. q. Colonensi — In regaLI MAONiE

DElPARiE CapItoLIo, offero tibi,' etc = 1705

i,e. In the regal Capitol {church) of the great mother of God at Cologne ,

I offer to thee (this funeral pomp).

He chooses the church of St. Mary, in Capitolio, because the
Roman temple stood there, and in allusion thereto this chronogram is
addressed to Leopold —

tV eanDeM Cape aC sape, = 1705

Lege CoMprehenDe et LVge, = 1705

In the centre of the church was an emblematical group of the
empire with eagles on either side, alluded to in these hexameter and
pentameter verses —

PRO TERNA -fiTERNA MVtAT SaCrA DoNA CoRONA, = 1705

granDIa sCeptra soLI fInIt aMore poLI. = 1705

sIstIt In iETHEREO MoDo CiESARls orbIta Centro, = 1705

In soLIs soLIo CanDIDIore seDet. == 1705

On a pyramid, with eagles and a symbolical phoenix, was this
chronogram —

reparant HiEC bVsta CaDenteM. = 1705
On the right side of the pyramid —

LeopoLDVM speCtas. = 1705

In poMo reperIstI raDICes, In oCeano pontes, = 1705

In CoMpenDIo sanCtItatIs stIrpes, = 1705

arMatos pro CceLo rVDoLphos, = 1705

aMabILItate aLbertos, TROPHiEls frIDerICos. = 1705

In PRfiLIIs CaroLos, aDoreIs ferDInanDos. ^ =1705

nIL In LeopoLDo nIsI aMabILe, = 1705

nIL speCtas nIsI aDMIrabILe. = 1705

On the other side of the pyramid —

AN Ingens IrasCI posset IMperator CreDI non poterat = 1705

Certe id neMInI ContIgIt. = 1705

MaIestas CiESARls ConDIta bonItate patrIs = 1705

CceLestIs soLIs raDIos IMItata = 1705

non DIsparI oMnes aspICIebat faCIe = 1705

TOTO ORBE EaDeM CorVsCaBAT. = 1705

Among the further ornaments was an eagle flying to the sun, a
palm-tree, a sphere, and the badge of the Order of the Golden Fleece,
with this epigraph —
neC noDIs an neC nIDIs DetInet orbIs. = 1705

The orb of the sun answers in these three words —

aD hoC CentrVM. = 1705

Another pyramid bearing the cross of Hungary composed of
stars —

MoDo steLLea, QViE ante feLLea. = 170S

On a third pyramid referring to Bohemia — under the arms of

138 DEATH OF LEOPOLD L

Bohemia the lion of Samson lies dead, a swarm of bees issuing from
its mouth flies to the serene air, with this motto—

DeLetVs Leo, non MeLLa. (sic,) = 1705

On the northern side of it, a setting sun casting a shadow, and

this motto — oCCVMbens reDeo. = 1705

Another ornament, a hand stretched out from the clouds holding
a balance in equilibrium, in one scale a heart and a fulgent crown, in
the other the double cross of Hungary, with this emphatic motto-
NEC MoLes DVpLa trahebat. = 1705

Another ornament, a lion surveying itself in a broken mirror, with

this motto— aVgent ET fraCta DeCoreM. = 1705

In the choir were tablets with these inscriptions —

oLIM orbI soLIs orIens LeopoLDe, = 1705

qVInqVegesIMVs eX orDIne fVtVrVs CiESAR ) _

PROH qVaNTA AFFEREBAS IVBlLiEA. J ' ^

seD ah! aCerba fatorVM Catastrophe I = 1705

oCCIDIstI orbIs anIMa, = 1705

IMPERII soL ET LatItIa LeopoLDe. = 1705

sCepTRA QViE ROTABAS, MaGNE LeOPOLDE, = 1705

aMceno spLenDebant oCVLo, = 1705

ne ante DeCerneres, qVaM Cerneres. = 1705

naM perfeCta CiGSARls sapIentIa non est granDIor potentIa = 1 705

HoC In CarDInb gyrastI regna et IMperIa. = 1705

IIL

feLICItatIs ILIaDeM = 1705

negabas te postIDere, nIsI et orbI post fata ) _ ,, -

[sic.) reLICtaM Legares, j" — '/^S

et ne eaM sepVLChro DeLeres, = 1705

InfInItos DeLenDo hostes ConsoLIDastI. = 1705

HOSTES DICo, seD non nIsI DeI aC patriae. = 1705

arboreM granDIs pLantAstI feLICItatIs, = 1705

De qVa posthaC Carpant et poMa nepotes. = 1705

And on the other sidcr-

HORRENDiE MoRTI NE IpSA InNOCeNTIa EST InNOCenS = 1705

AN In terrIs InnoCentIor IMperatore LeopoLDo? = 1705

CanDore pareM angeI^ saLVtastes ; = 1705

IMo Ipsa CreDI poterat InnoCentIa, = 1705

seD o portentosa InfeLICItas, Ita et MorI posse angeLos I = 1705

II.

eheV CLaVso VnIVersI oCVLo, oMnes ) _ ^

VbICVnqVe pLorate popVLI et oCVLI \ ] - 1705

MortVo CiESAREO CorDe, = 1705

DesoLata eheV DoLete CorDa ! =1705

MARRIAGE OF MARIA, ARCHDUCHESS. 139

CeDente IngentIs CorporIs Ingente anIMa, = 1705

pLangIte fIDeLes et fILIaLes anIMaI = 1705

terrItI orbIs trepIDate peDes CaDente CapIte! = 1705

IngentI CLaDI aDsIt par Ingens DoLor I = 1705

III.
O crudelis Maja in Majestatem
Voci imposuisti caput, sed vitae finem
Rectius convenerunt Majestas et aestas :
Haec illius terminans vocem inchoavit vitam.

Apertius loquar,
hoDIerna prIMo et feLICIano soLennIs = 1705

oLIM orIentIs LeopoLDI nataLIs, = 1705

Ei primordia vitae dedit et felicitatis,
I nunc Maja, et aleo rubore erubesce, quam florum ?

Here the chronograms come to an end. The narrative concludes
with this remarkable specimen of adulation concerning the deceased
emperor —

*Tu lector hunc adde epilogum; Leopoldvs Caesar in terris
primus non potest non esse in coelis secundus, quia vivit sicut in coelis
primus.'

And this is all about a man who has been designated in history as
the meanest of all Austria's monarchs.

ADDRESS on the marriage of Maria Anna, Archduchess of
Austria, with John v., King of Portugal, at Lisbon, on 27th
October 1708. Extracted from ' Nova Literaria Germaniae ' for March
1709. The sets of words forming the repeated chronograms of 1708
are marked off in the original by stars. Austria is supposed to be
speaking to her — Ra

MarLe ANNiE arChIDVCI, 5|c 5|c VoCante Deo aVspICe, aD = 1708
aVgVstas PORxVoALLIiE Coronas eX aVstrIa profICIsCentI = 1708
feLIX Iter 1 >|c 5|c qVoD regIIs AFFVSiE peDIbVs proVIn- \
CliE aVstrIaCe, VaLe ILX,I faCIentes, sInCerIs VotIs>=: 1708
preCabantVr VIENNA * 5|c Deferente InfIMo eIVs CapeL- j
Lano ** A . s . s . I . (Printed at Vienna) Continentur hoc = 1708
scripto quinque vota, Austriae nimirum, Styriae Carinthiae, Camiolse
et Viennae, meris constantia chronostichis, ita tamen ut singulis votis
chronographicis subjiciatur aliud votum Cabalisticum, itidem anni
1708 numerum reddens. En tibi, Lector, integrum Austriae votum.

DoLeaMne aVstrIa? bonI CceLItes 1 ^jc * InDVLgeaMne = 1708

COR LiETlTliE? 5|C5|C MarIa ANNA ARChIDVX aYSTRIwE, ABIt, = 1708

Vt aVgVsta AVoVsTiE PRfislT LVsIxANliE regIna. 5(c if. abItVs = 1708
IsTE Largas CIet eX oCVLIs LaCrYMas,^ L«tos qVoqVe

> Y counts as 11=2.

I40 CHARLES VL EMPEROR.

Great In WLtV rIsVs. 5fc>|c ILLI affLICta aVstrIa = 1708
IVbeor sortI ILLaCrYMarI,^ hVIC eXVLtans IVbeor for-
TVNiE gratVLarL ** pLangere Cogor, qVIa perDo = 1708

fILIaM. 5(C5|C GEStIrE, qVIa REGIa AVGVsTiE REGlNiE fIo = 1708

Mater, atqVe, VtI aVgVror, regII aLIqVanDo aVIa estI-

CIar nepotIs. ^:>|c geMere Cogor abLata aLtera De = 1708

trIbVs gratIIs. 5|c>|c gestIre IVbeor, qVIa gratIa IVnge- = 1708
tVr gratI^ MarIa anna IoannI, gratIoso gratIosa, haVD

sIne feLICI aVgVrIo regnI bIs fortVnatI. if:^ CVr Itaq: = 1708

pLango, perDens fILIaM, 5|c5|c perDens LVCrI taM LargI = 1708

gratIa? if:^ qVIn eIa sIt! profICIsCere, qVo IVbent = 1708
CceLItes, fILIa, qVoqVe InVItat gratIa Ioannes, gratIa

feLICIbVs aVIbVs DIsCeDe:* ** aVIbVs neMpe tVIs, = 17 13

aVItIs AVSTRliE aLaVDIs, iESTVoSA, VaSTAQVe iEQVORA TRA-

IICe. 5|c5|c IsTiE LiETA tIbI aDsonent CeLeVsMata, ** = 1708
argVtoqVe gVttVre. soLentVr naVIganteM, aVferentqVe

iESTVs TiEDiA AVoVSTiE OSCInES. 5|C 5|c DONEC eXsVpERATIs = I708

nereI fVrentIs VnDIs, In ConCVpItos oLYssIponIs^ portVs
pLenIs feLIX CarbasIs appeLLas. 5(c5|c eXInDe Vero = 1708
ConIVX regIa regIos sponsI tVI ferarIs In aMpLeXVs. 5|c 5|c = 1708
ID tIbI Charge fILI^e sViE Mater, nVtrIXqVe aVstrIa
VoVet. VIVe, ** =1708

A VOLUME of Poemata varia (British Musuem, press-mark 837, h. 4.)
contains a tract, * Epigrammata votiva Domini clementissimi
nostri Caroli Tertii nunc Sexti Rom. Imp. etc. humillime consecrata
A Casp. Abelo . Halbertstadii 1711.'

At page 2 the vowel monogram a e i o u, sometimes met with in
German books, is explained in a note to these lines, which are
addressed to the emperor —

Fatales habet hie in nomine quinque vocales,
Quem fatum Europae postulat Austriacum :

(The note.) Garolus tertius continet in se quinque vocales a e i o u,
quod antiquissimum Austriacorum symbolum varie, et ita quoque
exponi solet : Austriacorum Est Imperare Orbi Universo . & Austria
Erit In Orbe Ultima.

At page 4 the sixth poem concludes with these chronograms—
GaroLVs IMperator Defensor pIetatIs et reLIgIonIs, = 1711
Deo, DeIqVe fILIo GhrIsto, fIDeLIs, = 171 1

paGeM reDVGet gentIbVs, = 17 11

aG EGGLEsIiE GhrIstI aVrea prIM^e seCLa GharItatIs. = 1711
VIVat 1 VIgeat ! VIreat ! fLoreat ! VInGat ! natosqVe natorVM
eX Voto VIDeat! fIat. = 17 n

^ V counts as 11=2.

• This line makes $ years too much. • Le, Lisbon.

GERMAN HISTORY— AUSTRIA, CHARLES VL 141

/>. Charles the emperor^ defender of faith^ piety ^ and religion, — Faithful
to God^ and Christ the Son of God, — He will restore peace to the
nations, — And golden times of primaval love to the church of Christ, —
May he live I thrive ! be strong! flourish t conquer I — And may it come
to pass that he may see his sons^ sons in consequence of his vow.

Some further interpretations of the five vowels, from * Thesaurus
numismaticus ' {see Bibliography). A medal to Charles iii. (?) of Spain
is inscribed Aller Ehren 1st Oesterreich VolL, i,e, Austria muneribus
plena Jeova tuis, where the letters a e i o v are the initials of the
words ; they may also represent —

Austriaci Erunt Imperatores Orbis Ultimi, or Aquila Electa luste
Omnia Vincit. And at the beginning of the great war in 1702, this
was added —

Austriae Expectatis Injuste Oppressa Vindicabitur.
Whatever might be the result of that sentiment, it was suggested
that the following would probably be right —

Austriae Est Imperare Orbi Universo.
The same in German —

Alles Erdreich 1st Oesterreich Vnterthan.
And the following are from * Historischer Munzbelustigung ' (see
Bibliography), vol. 3. p. 426 —

Augustus Est lustitiae Optimus Vindex.
Artes Extollit Imperator Optimus Universas.
Archiduce Exhilarabit Imperatrix Orbem Universam.
All these, however, are not chronograms.

MEDAL of Charles vi. on the birth of the Archduke Leopold
in 1716— Oc

frVCtVM paCIs DonaVerat aether. = 17 16

i,e. Heaven had given the fruits of peace.

The device represents the infant in his cradle on a high tree; under
it is the Turkish army in flight ; a woman, emblematic of the arch-
duchess, with the shield of Austria, protects the infant; the inscription,

* Luna sub pedibus ejus.' The portrait of the Empress Elizabeth,

and Oc

aVstrIa progenies CoeLIs DeMIttItVr aLtIs, = 17 16

Another medal on the same occasion — Oc

sVrgentI sCeptrVM tot Dat natVra Coronas. = 17 16

and * Leopold, Archd: Austr: Princ: Austriae. N. xiii. Apr.'

Another represents the rising sun, and an eagle flying upwards,

* Nascor ad alta,' and below — Oc
nVnC tanDeM Cantare I Wat. = 17 16

Another on the same event —
De CiESARE roMano reX nasCItVr. = 1 7 16

i,e. From the Emperor of the Romans {of Austria, etc) a king is bom.

142 CHARLES VL GERMAN HISTORY— PRUSSIA,

Another medal on the event —
InItIo VerIs CoeLo DeMIttItVr aLto = 1716

EN aVrato CVM VeLLere Iason aDest. = 17 16

soL oCVLVs MVnDI tangebat v. 23° 56' Die xiii. Aprilis h: vii.
M. 30 p. MER. =1716

i,e. In the beginning of spring it descends from the lofty heavens. Lo /
Jason with the golden fleece is present. The sun, the eye of the worlds
attained the altitude of 23° 56' on the i^th of April at 7.30 in the
evening.

The inscription, apart from the device on the medal, is hardly
intelligible. The cfolden Fleece is one of the chief decorations of the
imperial family of Austria.

FREDERICK I., King of Prussia, began to reign 1701— Ra

NYSfKT \ VIVat ! lo VIVat frIDerICVs, saLoMo noWs != 1 701
£s Lebe konIg saLoMo, Der gereChte 1 = 1 701

i.e. Long live Frederick^ the new Solomon, Long live the king^ Solomon,
the just, [See i Kings, i. v. 39.]

A chapter of history, ' Diplomatarium Mecklenburgicum,' narrates
various circumstances, the dates of which are given in words conspicu-
ously printed in the text, as in the following disconnected, passages —
D. O. M. benedicente, frIDerICo gVLheLMo duce Megalopolensi Mb
regnante. s= 1707

Quid super est? soLI sanCto Deo sIt gLorIa sVpreMaI = 1708
Salus autem ampla frIDerICo gVLheLMo. = 1707

eCCe VIas DoMInI; = 1708

In memoriam nostri ducis frIDerICI gVLheLMI. = 1709

ie. The almighty God blessing the reigning Duke of Mecklenburg^ Frederic
William, What else remains f Glory be to the holy supreme God^ and
health abundant to Frederic William, Behold the ways of the Lord,
In memory of our duke^ Frederic William,

JVledals to Frederic William of Prussia on his career at college,
at Francfurt on the Oder, and on other occasions — G

ConCeDente nVMIne. i,e, God willing, = 1706

aCaDeMIa franCfVrt. i,e. At the College of Francfort, = 1706

DeVs haeC ConfIrMet. i.e. May God rc^fy this. = 1706

Another medal alluding to his marriage — G

te DVCe InCreMenta. = 1706

i,e. Thou being his leader^ prosperity to him.

Medal to Frederic of Prussia and his wife Sophia inscribed
Innumerabilibus potior — G

PRAEPONo ILLaM regnIs aC seDIbVs. = 1708

i,e. Infinitely preferable (and an adaptation from Wisdom of Solomon,
7. V, 8), * I preferred her before sceptres and thrones, and esteemed riches
nothing in comparison of her,^

GERMAN HISTORY. PRUSSIA. KONIGSBERG. 143

Medal on the birth of a son to Frederic-William i. of Prussia and
his wife Sophia, represents her on a bed of state holding up her infant,
and this legend taken from the Song of Solomon, chap. i. v. 16,
* Thalamus noster floreat,' and this hexameter and pentameter on the
rim of the medal, imitated from the Song of Solomon, chap. 4. v. 16 —
eXsVrgat BOREAS, eXsVLtet aD InsVper aVster, a

hortVs qVo nobIs stILLet aroMa freqVens. = 1708

i,e. Arise north wind^ spring up south wind on our garden^ from which
comes much sweet odour.

JVledal to Joseph of Germany, on the establishment of peace in
Italy, represents the arms of Pope Clement xi., the Emperor of Ger-
many, and the King of Spain ; a star, the armorial badge of Clement,
whose name was Albani, shining above, with this hexameter line — A

aLbanI In fratres se fLeCtIt sIDVs aMore. = 1709

i.e. The star of Albani turns itself in love towards the two brothers.

Medal to John William, Count Palatine of the Rhine, etc.,
represents Atlas and Hercules upholding the globe, and inscribed — A
His tVto ConCreDere possVM. = 17 11

i.e. I can intrust it to them with safety.

JVledal to Frederic i. of Prussia, on his proclamation at Konigsberg
on i8th January 1701, when he placed the crown on his own head
and on the head of his wife ; and on the same day instituted the Order
of the Black Eagle. The device represents the fortress, and an eagle
flying downwards with the crown, an inscription meaning, * He who is
king certainly can have no king,' and this chronogram — G

e regIo Monte a Deo haeC Corona. = 1701

i.e. The crown comes from God out of Konigsberg.

Medals to Frederic 11. of Prussia on the establishment of the
fortress of Konigsberg ; the first gives the date when the city was
founded by the Teutonic knights —
ENSE feros sVperas reX o Care borVssos He

aVspICIIsqVe tVIs arX noVa Monte stetIt. = 1255

i.e. O dear king^ thou overcomest the fierce Borussi with the sword^ and
undfr thy auspices a new citadel stands on the mountain. The second
commemorates the anniversary of 500 years afterwards —
saeCVLa qVInqVe VIget faVsto Mons-regIVs astro Be

aeternoqVe VoVet IVbILa grata Deo. = 1755

i.e. Konigsberg flourishes for five centuries with a fortunate star^ and
vows gratrful thanks to the eternal God.

Inscribed on an engraving of a female figure holding a portrait of
Frederick William i. of Prussia, in the Hope collection at Oxford —
frIDerICVs VVILheLMVs reX BORVssIiE. = 1739

Inscriptions to Frederick i. of Prussia — Hb

frIDerICVs reX LVstrat sVaVI VI sILesIaM. = 1741

i.e. Frederick the king surveys Silesia with gentle force.

144 PRUSSIA— FREDERICK L FREDERICK 11.

VnIVersa sILesIa InferIor regI prVssICo VRATlsLAVIiE Hh

fIDeM IVrat. = 1 74 1

i.e, Tfu whole of lower Silesia swears fealty to the Prussian king at
Breslau,

On his accession — Hb

lol VIVat frIDerICVs reX et prInCeps borVssorVM. = 1740
i,e. Long life to Frederick the king and prince of the Prussians.

The last line of some verses composed on the king's visit to
Liegnitz, on 22d February 1741 —

VnD Lass Vns aVCh VergnVgt DIs gVte LanD be- Hh
WoHNEN. = 1 741

i.e. And let us also enjoy this good land contentedly.

On a triumphal arch erected for a festival commemorating the
submission of Breslau, in the form of question and answer —
qVIs post karoLI obItVM regnabIt In terrIs sILEsIiE? Hb
frIDerICVs reX BORVssIiE. = 1 741

qVID gratI offer Vnt regI CIVes Inopes eXhaVstI? CorDa
DeVota. = 1 741

qVID Vero reX sperare IVbet VratIsLaVIenses ? feLICI-
tateM. = 1 741

ie. Who after the death of Charles will reign in the land of Silesia 1
Frederick the king of Prussia. — What good can poor and exhausted
citizens offer to their king f Devoted hearts. — What does the king bid
the people of Breslau to hope for f Happiness.

Other inscriptions on his accession to throne and territory —
CiESAR obIt, reX prVssVs aDest, frIDerICVs aVIto IVre, Hb
pIasteo (sic) ET fceDere parta tenet. = 1 741

i.e. The emperor diesy Frederick the king of Prussia is present^ and holds
what he has gotten by ancestral right and by treaty.
QViE grata eXhaVstVs fortI DabIt InCoLa regI?

Ipsa DIIs satIs est InVIoLata fIDes. = 1741

i.e. What good things can an exhausted subject give to a brave kingf
Inviolate good faith is enough even for the gods themselves.
pLaVDIte nVnC PATRliE tIbI prospera seCVLa CVrrVnt.

sIC reDIIt prIsCVs reIXIgIonIs honos. = 1741

i.e. Shout now^ the prosperous times for thy country hasten on. So has
returned the ancient honour of religion.

frIDerIChs konIgs Von preVssen VnD ChVrfVrstens zV
branDenbVrg InsIgnIa. = 1741

i.e. The insignia of Frederick the king of Prussia and elector of Branden-
burg.

A poem by Hieronymus Areonatus, addressed to Nicolas
Haunold, published at Vienna in 1591 ; the following quotation com-
mences at line 31, and seems to predict the destruction of all things,
and mentions large cities, Vienna, Breslau, and others, as included in
the doom in 1741 —

GERMAN HISTORY. 145

*. . . Nicolae
Candidissime, vinculoque amoris
Conjuncte k pueris mihi, venusta
Vratislavia sic peribit, altrix
Quondam nostra, aliae civitates
Insignes, validae, et metu carentes :
Nil hie perpetuum est, sed assequuntur.
Finem cuncta suum, superstes una
Virtus durat, in omne tempus sevi,' etc.
The following are the prophetic words of the poem —
'VenVsta VratIsLaVIa sIC perIbIt, aLtrIX qVonDaM

NOSTRA,* = 1 741

ue. Beautiful Breslau once our mother^ shall perish. It cannot be said
that the prophecy was fulfilled, when the king (as represented by the
preceding chronograms) was restoring peace to this portion of his
dominions. __^_^_^__^^^_

IN memory of John William, Duke of Saxe Gotha, some emble-
matical figures were designed by * Wenzelius' at the University
of Altenburg, with the following inscriptions, which are all quotations,
marking the date of the occasion — Ra

1. Horologium cum epigraphe, taCItos absConDIt Mot Vs. = 1707
Lotich,* lib. i. Eleg. 2. — /.^. // hides silent motions,

2. Procella maris quam et fluctus et tempestas aeris reddunt terribilem,

cum lemmate, nIL pLaCIDVM. = 1707

Lotich,^ lib. i Eleg. 6. — />. Nothing is smooth,

3. Sol in meridie cum perigraphe, ConspeCtV In MeDIo. = 1707
Virgil iEn. lib. 2. 67. — i,e. In the midst of the view,

4. Ignis coelo deciduus, additis verbis, seD MInVs ILLe noCens. = 1707
Ovid, I. Met. Eleg. 7. — i,e. But he is less hurtful.

5. Ponus in quem naves appellunt cum hac inscriptione, seDere
CarIn^ oMnes iNNoCViE. = 1707
Virgil -^n. lib. 16. 301. — i,e. All the ships there stood unhurt.

6. Silva, in qui arbor ramum ferens aureum, cui adscriptum,
fronDesCIt VIrga MetaLLo. = 1707
Virgil iEn. 6. 144. — ie. The twig blooms with gold.

How these quotations apply to the deceased duke is not explained.

A M[ EDALS on the peace of Rastadt— A

iVA paCeM rastadt BADENiE sVbsCrIpsIt. VII. SEP. = 1 7 14
i,e. He sigiud the peace of Rastadt in BcuUn ^th September. The treaty
was agreed to on 6th March 17 14 by Marshal Villars on the part
of Louis XIV., and by Prince Eugene on the part of Charles vi. of
Germany. One letter d is not counted.

1 Peter Lotich, Gennan Latin poet, 1528-1560,
T

146 GERMAN HISTORY,

Another medal — A

DAT paCeM rastatt, patrI-« est Vrbs ILLa qVIetIs. = 17 14

i,e, Rastadt gives peace^ it is the city of rest to the country.

Medal relating to Maximilian Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, with
emblems and inscriptions on the defeat of the French at Augsburg
and Ulm, and the return of Bavaria to obedience to the Emperor ;
also this chronogram —

baVarIa sVppLeX atqVe DeVota aVgVstI C^sarIs gratIaM A
eXperta. = 1704

i.e. Bavaria suppliant as well as devoted obtains the favour of the
Mtnperor.

Another medal to him — A

L/BSA LIbertatIs gerManICa Defensor. = 1703

i.d The defetider of injured German liberty.

Medals to the Empress Elizabeth Christina — Fa

DVabVs CoronIs Vna Corona IMponItVr = 1723
and, Rege coronato dabit alma Bohemia natum.

i,e. One crown is placed upon two heads. Fa

LaetIor en praga Dans feLIX gerManIa frVCtV. ^ = 1723

and, Vivant Carolus vi. et Elisabetha Christina imperatrix. Vivant

ille Rex ! Reginaque. Fa

eXhILarans aDsIt sertatIs MasCVLVs haeres. = 1723
i.e. May the male heir give joy to the crowned heads.

Elisabetha Christina Romanorum Imperatrix Fa

VI Ve Coronata In pVerIs speM Da atqVe Corona. = 1723
i.e. Live crowned lady^ and give hope to the crown through thy sons.

Medal of Charles vi. on the birth of a daughter — Oc

tertIa DVM sVrgVnt InVICto sCeptra parentI. = 1724

eXIt ab aVgVsta CoeLo DIgnIssIMa proLes. = 1724

and the device of a crowned eagle flying towards the sun with its eaglet
i.e. Whilst three sceptres rise to the invincible parent^ an offspring most
worthy of heaven proceeds from the Empress.

A medal. Fredericus 11. Post palmas in Lusatia et Misnia.
Venit vidit vicit On the reverse — •

frIDerICVs MarIa theresIa et aVgVstVs noVa paCe
IVngVntVr. = 174s

i.e. Frederick, Maria Theresa, and the emperor are joined by a new peace.

Medal of Maria Theresa represents her portrait, and on the
reverse the Cumean Sibyl writing this chronogram on a scroll —
aVDIt In eXCeIsIs nVMen pIa Vota noVoqVe pIgnore te A
beat aVstrIa LiETA. = 1746

Sibylla Cumana Austriaca. Austriaca gentis incrementa.
i.e. The Deity on high hears our pious prayers, and joyful Austria
blesses thee with a new pledge. The Austrian Cumean Sibyl. The
increase cf the Austrian nation.

GERMAN HISTOR V. 147

A book in Lambeth Palace Library, * Acta Historico^cclesiastica,'
vol. vi pp. 514-1744, describes some sermons, etc., and gives this
chronogram by way of a text —

I Reg. I. 39.
VIVat CaroLVs DeI gratIa ^VI nostrI saLoMo! VIVat
VIgeat. = 1742

t\e. Long live Charles^ by the grace of God^ the Solomon of our time!
May he livey may he prosper I

This relates to the Elector of Bavaria, who was chosen Emperor
of Germany under the title of Charles vii. in 1742 ; his claim was
supported by France, and that of Maria Theresa by England; his
death, in 1745, gave rise to an almost general war to settle the succes-
sion to the imperial throne. The passage above indicated, i Kings
ch. I. V. 39, is, ' And Zadok the priest took a horn of oil out of the
tabernacle, and anointed Solomon : and they blew the trumpet ;
and all the people said, God save king Solomon.'

jVledal to Ernst Ludwigs of Hesse-Darmstad^ marking the year
of his birth, and the fiftieth anniversary of his coming to reign — F

LVCIs Dena qVaternIs Vt post aDDerat hassos = 1667

LVsTRA VnVM et trIa ter regIt ernestVs LVDoVICVs. = 1738
i,e, {The first line is obscure^ the second reads\ Ernst Ludovicus reigns
one and thru times three lustra (or 9 times 5 years and five years more^
which are equal to fifty).

The following relate to the same event — F

ERNESTO LVDoVICo HASSiE IV-«: opt: MaX: saLVs et VIta. = 1738
VIVat ernestVs LVDoVICVs annos pLVrIMos. = 1738

Le. To Ernst Ludovick of Hesse be health and life from the mighty
Jehovah^ may he live many years,

Ia Wann sIe sChon alt WerDen, WerDen sIe DennoCh F
grVnen. = 1738

i,e. Verily if th^ grow old they will flourish nevertheless. — Psalm xciL
V, 14. Faulty because the l is not counted

HERR ERNST LVDWIg LanDgraf zV hessen begehet DIe F
hoCheste feIr seIner fVnfzIgIahrIgen regIerVng. = 1738

i,e, Herr Ernst Ludwigs Landgrave of Hesse^ celebrates the highest festival
of his reign of fifty years.

ernestI LVDoVICI, serenIssIMI HASsIiE nestorIs et fortIs F
HERoIs, annVs regnI IVbILeVs. = 1738

i.e. The year of the jubilee of the reign of Ernst Ludovick^ the most
serene Nestor cf Hessey and a bold hero.

M edals to Prince Louis of Hesse on the jubilee of the College of G
Giessen — gIssaCae gaVDet CaMoenaeI. = 1707

Another— ANNO seCVLarI aLMae gIssenae notanDo. = 1707

148 GERMAN HISTORY— MA YENCE, JOSEPH 11.

A BOOK, with engraved title, published in 1636 at Mayence (British
Museum, press-mark 11408. c), ' Casimirus emblematico
anagrammaticus reverendissimo D. Anselroo Casimiro sacrae sedis
Moguntinae archiepiscopo, &c.' Dicatus a Joanne R. Marx, is thus
dated —

ANNO qVo sVeonIbVs erepta sVo prInCIpI reDIt Vrbs
MogVntIa. = 1636

There are about sixty pages of congratulatory Latin verses, and
some anagrams on the name Casimir. Some lines, 'Ad momum,'
conclude with this chronogram —

NONVs AB iETHEREO IanVS tItANE RESVrgIt

EN sVeones abeunt tV CasIMIre reDIs. = 1636

ue. The year in which Mayence^ rescued from the Swedes, returns to its
own prince. The ninth of January appears again by the heavenly sun^
when behold the Swedes depart, and thou, O Casimir, retumest.

Chronodistichon duplex anni et mensis —
IanVs erat geLIDVs, reDIt arX, reDIt Vrbs tIbI PRfisVL:= 1636

IVnIVs est gbMInIs nVnC Is et Ipse reDVX. = 1636

i,e. It was cold January, the citadel returns, the city also returns to thee,
O Bishop, /une is in the (Zodiac sign) twins, tww he himself is brought
back.

A medal relating to the Electorate of Mainz (Mayence), repre-
sents two shining stars, each containing a portrait inscribed, * Lux
haec Francisci.' — *Nova lux est ipsa Philippi.' Mogunt. — Herbip.
(Mayence — Wiirzburg) — Hd

IngentI MagnI patrVI De LVCe refVLsIt. = 1720

In ConseCratIone nepotIs qVarto IDVs noVeMbrIs. = 1720

i.e. He shone from the huge light of his great-uncle. On the consecration
of his grandson [f\ on the 4th before the ides of November.

On the taking of Mayence in 1462, from ' Fugger Ehrenspiegel,
Niimberg, 1668 ' (chronogram contributed from the Imperial Library,
Vienna) —

eCCe LVIt fato MogVntIa Capta seCreto. = 1462

i.e. Behold, captured Mayence paid its debt to secret fate. This was pro-
bably made by the author of the book above quoted.

ON the peace of Hubertsberg, the termination of the seven years'
war between Germany and Austria —
aspera beLLa sILent: reDIIt bona gratIa paCIs,

o si parta foret seMper In orbe qVIes 1 = 1763

i.e. Fierce wars have ceased, the blessing of peace has returned. Oh that
rest were always forthcoming in the world/

jMedal to Joseph 11. of Austria, son of Maria Theresa, on his
marriage with Elizabeth of Parma, 6th October —

Hos LeCtos hyMeneos paX Donata Coronet. = 1760

ie. May the peace that has been protumnced crown this chosen married pair.

GERMAN HISTORY— JOSEPH II. 149

Medal on the election and coronation of Joseph 11. as King of the
Romans and Emperor, bears his portrait, and —
IosephVs arChIDVX aVstrIae reX gerManIae eX Vno Voto
CreatVs. 27 Mart. = 1764

i,e, Joseph^ Archduke of Ausiriay created king of the Romans by universal
vote.

Medal to the Emperor Joseph 11., a very late example of the
historical series of chronograms —

IMperator IosephVs steLLa LVCIDa generIs sVI aVgVstI.= 1781
i.e. The Emperor Joseph^ the bright star of his celebrated tifne.

Medal of Joseph 11., Emperor of Germany and King of Hungary,
represents the surface works of a mine, and a melting furnace ; the
metals, gold and silver, are under the obsolete expression of Sol and
Luna —

Magna transILVanIa soLe et LVna potens, ast DIgna soCIa
Venere potentIor. = 1770

i.e. Great Transylvania^ rich in gold and silver^ but more powerful in
having Venus as an ally.

A large medal in the Vienna Museum, inscribed around * Fran-
cisco Theresiae Josepho Austriae stirpi devotissimus Ludovicus viii.
D. G. Hassiae Landgrav: ' The chronogram occupies the centre, and
gives the date 1 764 twice — 5|c

ITA DeCoratVs aMICI tItVLo || In Deo sI VeLIt = 1764
CoNSTANS reqVIesCaM. = 1 7 64

i.e. So decorated with the title of friend ^ may I continually rest in God^
if God will.

A large silver medal in the Vienna Museum represents two
courtiers bowing to the king.; above them an eagle holds a scroll
thus inscribed —

qVanta CiCSARls qVanta regIs In seneCtaM spLenDet 5|c
gratIa. = 1764

And a female holding a shield inscribed ' Posteritati ' — ^

sic LVDoVICo reDIbat DIana. = 1764

i.e. How much does the favour of the emperor^ how much does the favour
of the king shine in old age. The exergue is inscribed, * Ad Franc-
furtum [on the Oder] die xxix Martii.'

JMedal on the accession of George Frederic Carl, Markgraf of
Brandenburg-Culmbach. It represents a woman watching the signs
of the zodiac, with this inscription, * Quaerunt tua lumina gentes,'
i.e. The nations seek for thy lights ; and this chronogram —
soLstItIo brVMaLI optatVs prInCIpIs aDVentVs. d. 22,
DEC = 1726

i.e. At the winter solstice the wishedf or coming of the prince. 22
December.

ISO GERMAN HISTOR Y— BRUNSWICK MEDALS.

Medal to Frederic iv. of Brandenburg, on the foundation of the
University of Erlangen in Franconia, 4th November 1 743 —
VnIVersItas frIDerICIana erLangensIs II II noVeMbrIs
LaetorI tV InaVgVrata. =s 1743

{sic)

The following are in the catalogue of Brunswick medals, although
they do not all belong to that province.

A THALER coined on the burial of the Duke Augustus the younger
of Brunswick-Lunenburg, representing a leafless tree, at the
root of which is a skull, is thus inscribed — Ha

qVe Laeta fronDe VIrebaM nVnC, == 1666

rIgVI sIC transit gLorIa MVnDI. = 1666

oMnIa non nIsI proVIDo et Vegeto ConsILIo. = 1666

/>. / who was flourishing with joyful foliage am now withered^ so
passes the glory of the world. Nothing without provident and sound
counsel

Medal of Dukes Rudolf Augustus and Anton Ulrich — Ha

DVX,Ce est fratres habItare In VnVM. = 1667

ue. It is pleasant for brothers to dwell in unity.

Medal to the same Dukes, bearing a long biographical inscrip-
tion, a portion of which thus marks the year of Ulrich's death and
the departure of the survivor to the peace congress at Rastadt — Ha

Postea solvs vsqve In CVrsVM paCIs rastaDtIensIs et = 17 14
ampliss : congres : Brvnswig :

/>. Afterwards the survivor {proceeds) alone to the course of the peace of
Rcutadty etc. etc.

Medal to Duke Ludwig Rudolf, represents a building inscribed
S.R.I, pantheon ; i,e. The pantheon of the holy Roman empire,
and this quotation from Statins — Ha

Vna L^tantVr seDe LoCatVM, = 17 15

i.e. They go joyfully to place them in one abode.

Another medal to the same duke, struck by Count von Eyb,
bears a long inscription, which ends thus — * In perpetuum obse-
quii testimonium hVMILIs aC fIDeLIs serVI sincerae= 1715
mentis ardor consecrat hoc gratitudinis mnemosynon.'
The perpetual testimony of his humble and faithful servant^ etc. etc.

Another to him is thus inscribed — Ha

ES Lebe LVDeVVIg rVDoLph hertzog. z. br. VnD LVnerb : = 1731
i.e. May Ludwig Rudolph^ Duke of Brunswick and Luneberg^ live.
gIbt gott Was DIese hanD LiCST Lesen

so sInD VVIr VoeLLIg Ia genesen. = 1731

i.c If God gives what this hand permits to be recui^ then we are indeed
completely recovered. This alludes to a poem written by a certain
clergyman in praise pf the duk^,

GERMAN IIISTOR Y— BRUNSWICK MEDALS. 151

Medal to the eldest daughter of the same Duke, Elizabeth Chris-
tina, wife of Charles iii. of Spain, who was afterwards Charles vi. of
Germany — Ha

tVta reDIt ConstantI et reDDItVr arC-« e. catalonia. = 17 13
i.e. She returns safe to her constant one^ and is restored to the ark from
Catalonia.

Another medal to her as Empress —
VIVe Coronata In pVerIs speM Da atqVe Corona, prag Ha
8. Sept = 1723

i,e. Live crowned among thy children^ give hope and crown them. Prague^
Sth September.

Another medal to the same Charles and Elizabeth — Ha

DVabVs CoronIs Vna Corona IMponItVr. = 1723

i.e. One crown is picued upon two crowns or heads {namelyy those of
Spain and Germany).

Medal on the birth of Prince Leopold, son of the same Charles
and Elizabeth, on 13th April — Ha

gaVDete eLIsabetha ChrIstIna peperIt fILIVM. = 17 16

i.e. Rejoice I Elizabeth Christina has brought forth a son.

Another medal on the same event — Ha

aVstrIa progenies CoeLIs DeMIttItVr aLtIs. = 17 16

i.e. Austria / a progeny is sent down from the high heavens.

And another. It represents an aloe plant —
IngentIs strIpIs CVnCtanDo restItVIt reM. = 1716

i.e. By delay he has restored the affairs of a mighty rcue.

Ajid another. It bears a sort of astronomical inscription —

DIE . 13 . APRILIS . H . 7 . M . 30 . P . MER . O . SOL oCVLVs MVnDI.

tangebat Y 23° 56'. = 1 7 16

i.e. On the i^th day of Aprils at 7.30 in the evening, the sun, the eye of
the worldy was touching the Zodiac sign Aries, at 23 degrees 15 minutes.
The reverse represents two angels and this verse —

InItIo VerIs CoeLo DeMIttItVr aLto; = 17 16

EN aVrato CVM VeLLere Iason aDest. = 1 7 16

i.e. In the beginning of spring he is sent down from the high heaven.
Lo / Jason is present with a golden fleece. A double allusion to the
Golden Fleece of Spain and the animal which yields a fleece of wool.
And another. It is inscribed —

TRINUM PERFECTUM. — CaROLVs eLIsABETHA ET I^EOPOLDVs

PATRliE feLICIs Cor et DeLICI/c = 17 16

i.e. A perfect trio. — Charles, Elizabeth, and Leopold, the heart and
delight of the happy country.

And another medal —
sVrgentI sCeptrVM tot Dat natVra Coronas. = 17 16

Leopoldus • archid • avstr . princ . astvr . N . 13 . apr :
i.e. Nature gives so many crowns to him who rises to the sceptre.

And yet another —

HESPERliE sVrGENS CRESCeT GENS aVrEA MVnDo. = 1716

i.e. The golden race if the west arises and shall increcue in the world.

IS2 GERMAN HISTORY— BRUNSWICK MEDALS.

The last medal relating to the same event — Ha

frVCtVM paCIs DonaVerat ^ther. = 1716
/>. Heaven had given the fruit of peace.

Medal to the same Empress on the birth of a daughter — Ha

ArChIDVCISSaM PEPERIt aVgVsTA . a . v. VIENNiE . NAT . D .

5 . APR, = 1718

i.e. The Empress brought forth an archduchess at Vienna on the $th of
April. Probably this infant was the future Empress Maria Theresa,
who, according to book history, was bom in 17 17.

Medal to Antonia Amalia, wife of Duke Ferdinand Albert of
Brunswick — F

LiETARE, SPONSE, SVPER SPONSA DVCISSA ANTONETTA aMaLIa. = I712

i.e. Rejoice husband, over thy bride the Duchess Antonia Amalicu
(Adapted from Isaiali Ixii. v. 5.)

Medal on the birth of their son, Charles Duke of Brunswick — Ha

noVa PROGENIES CoeLo DeMIttItVr aLto. = 1 713

soLAMEN PATRiiE suBsiDiUMQUE DOMUS. i.e. A new progeny is sefit
down from high heaven^ the consolation of his country and the prop of
his house.

Medal of Duke Augustus Wilhelm, inscribed, Haec tema aetemat
Wilhelmum ; and this hexameter — Ha

CeDent e Voto BENE qV^ faCIt oMnIa IVsto. = 1 718

i.e. AH things will go well accordiftg to his wishy to him who acts justly.

A medal on the death of Charlotte Sophia of Brunswick, wife of
Prince Alex. Petr. of Russia, has this inscription (among others)— Ha

CVrsVs CanDore sVpreMo. = 17 15

i.e. A course of surpassing brightfuss.

Another medal on the same event, and on the erection of a
memorial to her — Ha

fVnera CHARLoTTiE pIetas DoLor atqVe parentVM. = 17 16

i.e. The funeral of Charlotte, the love and grief of her parents.

Medal on the accession of the Duke of Brunswick to the throne
of England as George the First It bears his portrait and this hexa-
meter line, and the horse of Brunswick running across the north-west
of Europe — Ha

aCCeDens DIgnVs DI Vises orbe brItannos. = 17 14

And below — unus non sufficit orbis.

i.e. Worthy to accede to the throne of the Britons divided from the world.
— One world does not suffice.

Another medal to him on his declaration on the 12th August, and
coronation on 31st October, bears this verse and inscription, with the
device of a Phoenix —

ConspICItVr RENO Vans seCLVM post fVnera phoenIX Ha

hInCqVe no VI seCLI LVX tIbI brItto patet. = 17 14

Ex cineribus Elisabethae anno 1613, Friderico v. Elect: Pal in matri-
monium datse.

ie. After death the Phoenix is beheld renewing its life^ and hence to
thee O Britons the light of a new era appears.

GERMAN HISTOR Y— BRUNSWICK MEDALS. 153

Medal on the marriage of his daughter Sophia Dorothea with
Frederick William i. of Prussia — Ha

ConCeDente nVMIne. = 1706

i.e. God being willing.

Medal on his death at Osnaburg, on uth June 1727 — F

osnabVrgI, VbI natVs fVIt, praeCIpItI Morte CaDIt. = 1727
Le. At Osnaburg where he was bom, he /alls by sudden death.

Medal on George 11. of England, on his visit to Germany — Ha

georgIVs seCVnDVs prIMo brVnsVICenses terras repetIt. = 1729
i.e. George the Second for the first time returns to the land 0/ Bruns-
wick.

The next has been classed with the Brunswick series of medals ; it
relates to Charles vi. of Germany and George i. of England. It
represents a fleet of war-ships, and bears these inscriptions and hexa-
meter chronogram —

Vetant foedari foedera. Sic motos fas est componere fluctus.
hIspanorVM CLassIs a IoVe et neptVno DeLeta. = 17 18

i.e. They forbid to defile treaties. Thus it is right to sHU tempestuous
waves. The Spanish fleet destroyed by Jehovah and Neptune,

.^,^.^,^,^,|,|„|,,^|.|.,|,||,,|,,|.,|.,|..|,,|,,|,,|,,|,,|,^,,|,.^|,,|,,|,,|,,|,,|,,|.,|,

CHRONOGRAPHICALLY speaking, we have nothing to do with
the history of Hungary prior to iS'26, the period when it fell
under the dominion of Austria. The Emperor Leopold i. carried on
the war commenced by his predecessors, and was at length successful
in expelling the Turks, who had been in possession of the country for
150 years. He took from them the fortress of Buda in -1686, and
counteracted the French influence, by which they had of late been
aided ; and his successor subsequently recovered from them all other
Hungarian territory, though peace was not Anally established with
Turkey until the treaty of Belgrade in 1 739. The Emperor Charles vi.,
in 1722, by the Pragmatic Sanction, secured the crown of Hungary to
the female descendants of the House of Hapsburg, and his daughter-
Maria Theresa became Queen on his death in 1740. She was suc-
ceeded by Joseph 11., her son, in 1780. The chronograms, however,
do not take us beyond the commencement of the reign of Maria
Theresa, when the aflairs of Hungary and Germany began to move in
a less inseparable course than heretofore.

This group concludes with a curious sarcastic dialogue between
Bellona and Germany, which I discovered just before sending these
pages to the press. It points to the war in Himgary, and the posi-
tion of aflairs there in the year 1689.

The local chronograms collected in Hungary are arranged at an
earlier page, among those of Germany.

Pi. folio volume in the British Museum (press-mark 590. i. 21)
informs us in a quaint manner about the early dukes and kings of

Huncsrr;. ajrtMmr in anmcos. w-ri_ ive ^"^^"^^^^"^^ jj die
:n«iiu ccwn 3: rie Geraiari :iinc€rcr r^m^au^ ^^ ^^anss y^ni^s^

<p«cm - -ir ^••. "KT «« /a-r r^^r r -'-^ ^rwc^r-^ _— ^

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154 HUNGARY.

Hungary, forty-four in number, with five engravings representing

them, down to the German Emperor Ferdinand iv. The next in the

line of succession is Leopold i. The book is by Francis Nadasd,

and was printed at Nuremberg at the date indicated by the chrono- {

gram which follows. This is the abbreviated title, 'Mausoleum |

Regni apostolici Regum Ungariae Jt pIo et IVsto PAXRliE DoLore i

ereCtVM.' = 1663

/>. The mausoleum of the kings if the apostolic kingdom of Hungary ^

erected by the pious and just grief of the country, [The mausoleum is

but a structure in the authors own imagination.]

The dedication is to the Emperor of Germany and King of Hun-
gary then reigning, and concludes thus —

LeopoLDVS I. IMperator gLorIosVs. = 1663 I

i,e, Leopold the Firsts the glorious emperor. The book throughout is a
collection of supposed epitaphs in praise of forty-four dukes and kings

of Hungary. The last two only contain chronograms ; this to FerdS- i

nand 11. of Austria, the forty-second king, marking the year of his |

death — 1

ferDInanDVs II. Deo sVIsQVf:, pIe et sanCte VIXIt. = 1637

ue, Ferdinand the Second lived piously and holily to God and his people.
And this to Ferdinand rv. of Austria, the foity-foiirth king, marking
the year of his death —

aMabILIs Deo In terrIs Cmskr, = 1654

i,e. The Emperor is beloved of God in the earth,

"TV yr EDAL on the victory over the Turks and capture of Belgrade,

XVX represents a crown between two stars, the letter r beneath
signifying the Emperor Rudolph — Oc

IaVrInVM (sic) erIpItVr VIVIt VIrtVte rVDoLphI. = 1598

i,e, Belgrade is taken by force and lives^ through the valour of Rudolph.

A square-shaped medal of Rudolph on a victory over the Turks
bears on the obverse a throne, and ' ;6o2 Stulweis en Burg Albar^alis.'
The reverse has four shields, and O

regIa ter Magno pert aLba troph.«a roDoLpho. = 1 60 1

i.e. Alba regalis {the town of Stuhl-weissenhurg) offers trophies to the
thrice great Rudolph.

The battle * ad Lavenzam,* the victory of the Christians over the
Turks under General Souchesius ; from < Historia regni Hungarici,' by
*Nicolo Histhuanffio.' Cologne, 1724. The first chronide, liber xlii.
anno 1664, at page 555 —
PROSPERA De soVChes CrVX est en nItrIa parta,

fVsI hostes; seDerat LVXqVe LoCVsqVe CrVCIs.
CrVX fVIt heroI sorte seCVnDa seCVnDa:

paX bona pro LVnIs pLantet VbIqVe CrVCes.
Probably a naval battle off the island of Levanzo, at Sicily.

Medal on the victory over the Turks at Gran and the capture of
Neuhausel or Ujvar on -^ August 1685, represents Pallas at a hunt

= 1664
= 1664

MEDALS WITH CHRONOGRAMS.

Pin.

HUNGARY. 155

holding a shield which bears on it the double eagle, and * Vivat et
floreat Josephus divini gratis in regem Hungariae coronatus' —
aqVILa aVgVstI Mense aVgVsto oppVgnatIone et aCIe
VICtrIX LVpos tVrCICos gLorIosa VenatrIX Vertebat In Oc
Lefores. = 1685

t,e. In the month of August the eagle of Augustus [the Empcror\ was the
conqueror in assault and battle; the glorious huntress turned the Turkish
wolves into hares.

Medal representing a view of Neuhausel, and the siege —
neVheVseL IMperatorI LeopoLDo asserItVr Ignb Oc

ET ensIbVs fortIter : hostIs perIIt tVrpIter. = 1685

ue. Neuhausel is vigorously attacked by the Emperor Leopold with fire
and sword; the enemy has perished with shame.

Medal representing a view of Neuhausel — Oc

ManDat Caesar: et aLta arX eXpVgnatVr: oVate. = . 1685

i.e. The Emperor comntandsy and the lofty fortress is conquered; be ye
triumphafii.

Medal on the capture of the same place — Oc

Vt MoX frVstra reLVCtans bVDa seqVare. = 1685

i,e. As recently uselessly reluctant^ mayest thou soon follow, O Buda,

Medal on further victory, and the submission of Buda —
IbIt faVore DIVIno LeopoLDI InDVstrIa baVarI VI et (9^
LotharIngI. = 1686

aVstrIaCIs bVDa Vrbs aqVILIs sVbsternItVr arMIs. = 1686

i,e. Through Divine favour it will give wc^ by the assiduity of Leopold,
and the force of Bavaria and of Lorraine. T7u city cf Buda is strewn
with the eagles and arms of Austria.

Medal (see Plate IL) of Leopold l, represents the town of Stuhl-
weissenburg, with the radiant sun over it, and the crescent moon
(the Turks) setting behind the hills, inscribed—* Luna sub umbras, ' 0
and eXItIVM tVrCIs annotat aLba reDVX =1688

* Alba-regalis recuperata ^^ May 1688/
The reverse represents the Emperor bearing a sceptre, with his son
Joseph, also sceptre-bearing, in a chariot drawn by two eagles over
the field, covered with prostrate Turks, Victory flying along with them,
crowned with seven stars, holding a serpent circle in the right hand, a
symbol of eternity, and a laurel wreath in the left ; inscribed with this
hexameter —

eX Voto hVngarIaM sVbIgIs LeopoLDe LeVasqVe. = 1688

i.e. Stuhl'Weissenburg returning, denotes departure to the Turks. — O
Leopold, thou bringest Hungary into subjection andraisest it up, according
to thy vow.

Medal on his coronation bears the portrait of Joseph i., inscribed,
* Die Segen kommen auf das Haupt Josephs. Gen. 49.' Two angels
offer to him a sceptre and three crowns, a spear, laurel, etc. Inscrip-

156 HUNGARY.

tion, 'Do Josepho partem quam tuli de manu hostis in gladio.
Gen. 48 ;' and —

Joseph Vs prIMVs In InferIorI atqVe sVperIorI hVngarIa Oc
reX pIVs aVgVstVs arChIDVX aVstrIae. = 1687

Le. Joseph the Firsts in Lower and Upper Hungary the pious and august
kingy and archduke of Austria. Leopold i., the Emperor^ is repre-
sented holding the crown of Hungary, and placing it on the head of
his son Joseph. A view of Pressburg and Buda in the distance, with
this inscription taken from the history of Joseph in the Bible, ' Dabo
Josepho et semini ejus terram hanc in possessionem sempitemam.
Gen. 48.'

Medal to Joseph i. bears his portrait,, inscribed — Oc

VIVat IosephVs ! teVtonIae reX. et DeLICIVM. = 1690

On the reverse is the young king, and figures representing Germany,
Hungary, and Bohemia, inscribed, ' In prolem transcurrit gloria
patrum.' * Inaugur. Augustae Vindelic. D. 26 Jan.

MDCXC' and—

IosephVs gerManIae et hVngarIae reX aVgVsta LeopjoLDI

SPES ET Vera gLorIa. = 1690

Medal to Leopold on an armistice with the Turks in 16919, repre-
sents Jupiter on a flying eagle destroying enemies with, lightning, and
this inscription — Oc

paX VIVaX MItI LeopoLDI eX ore refVLget. = 1699

i.e. A living pecue shines from the countenance of the mild Leopold.

Medal on the siege of Belgrade and its capture from the Turks — La
beLgraDVM sVbIto baVarVs CapIt IgneVs aV&V. = 1688

i.e. The Bavarian^ fiery in his darings suddenly takes Belgrade.

Medal representing the fortress of Belgrade, inscribed, * 1st in
Turkische Gewalt gerathen 1521.' * Von den Christen mit sturmender
Hand erobert 1688. 6 Sep.' — Oc

IMbeLLes tVrCos CrVX atqVe eCCLesIa VInCVnt. = 1688

i.e. The Cross and the Church conquer the unwarlike Turks. Also a
female bearing on her breast the sun, the double cross of Hungary in
her right hand, with this motto, ' In hoc signo ostentat Sultano attonito
prostratoque,' and —

beLgraDI eXVperat MVros baVarICa VIrtVs. = 1688

i.e. The Bavarian valour overcomes the walls of Belgrade.

Medal representing the fortress of Kanisdia and the Turks' depart-
ing with their baggage ; a starved dog is carrying in its mouth to the'
young king Joseph Uie keys of the fortress, and this inscription, * Hoc
genus non expellitur nisi in jejunio,' and [observe the pun ovLcanisY—
CanIsa Iosepho I VngarIae regI sIne VI et sangVIne soLa Oc
faMe eXpVgnata reDIIt. =3 1690

ue. This kind [of animal] is not turned out except in famine, Kanischa
hc^ returned to Joseph /., King of Hungary ^ without the use offptrce or
bloody overcome by famine only.

1
}.

HUNGARYr-CHARLES VL 157

CHARLES III. of Spain, in his position as. Gharies^vi., Emperor
of Germany and King of Hungary; the father of Maria
Theresa, whose succession to some of his dominions was secured by
the 'Pragmatic Sanction/ from whence sprung the desolating wars of
the Spanish succession.

A medal expresses thus the date of his birth — Hb

CaroLVs seXtVs MVnDo et EVROPiE natVs. =s 1685

i,e. Charles the Sixth was born to the world and to Europe,

The introduction to an epigram concerning him as king of Spain,
and hist victory over Philip of Anjou, nephew of Louis xiv., who had
been named successor by the will of Charles 11. —

CaroLVs tertIVs, "V «

DeI GRATIa REX HlSPANliE, f ^ \.^

pIYs fortIs aVgVstVs, f ^'^^

trIVMphator.
MDCCIHv
CeDe phILIppe, throno CaroLVs

reX VInCat IberVs — 7

eX stIrpe aVstrIaCa prognatVs I CeDe ( "" ''^

phILIppe !
i,e, Charles the Third by the grace of God king of Spain^ the pumsp the
strongs the august^ triumphant 1703.. Quit the throne^ O Philips let
Charles the Spanish king prevail^ descended, from the Austrian race !
Quit, O Philip.

In the original print the epigram verses follow the above
chronogram.

Medal (see Plate II.) on his marriage with Elizabeth Christina of
Brunswick, twice gives the date by these verses ; the medal is not
otherwise dated. The obverse bears their portraits, and A

eLIsabetha In sposaM DatVr CaroLo regL = 1708

The reverse bears their shields of arms, and
ganDa regIIs CongratVLans thaLaMIs. = 1708

Le, Elizabeth is given in marriage to King Charles, The town of
Ghent congratulates its sovereigns on their marriage,

A medal to commemorate a successful campaign bears this
verse — G

Mars pereat DeCor et Constans paX offerat qra. = 17 10

ix. May Mars perish, may beauty and constant peace overspread our
coasts.

Medal on his coronation as Emperor of Germany — Hb

sCeptrVM CiESARls aDeptVs. = /711

i,e. Attaining the impericU sceptre.

And on his coronation as king of Hungary — Hh

THRONVM HVNGARliE CoNSCenDIt. = 1712

i,e. He ascends the throne of Hungary,

Medal with portrait of Charley vi. ,and these, words from Virgil — Oc

XK HABET ILLa SECVnDVM.. — 17IX.

158 HUNGARY-'CHARLES VI.

The words occur in the 2d Eclogue,^ line 38 \ the whole passage is
thus translated by Dryden —

* ... a mellow pipe I have,
Which with his dying breath DamcBtas gave,
And said, " This, Corydon, I leave to thee ;
For only thou desert/ St it after «r^." '
Alluding to Charles succeeding his brother Joseph in 17 11.

Medals in the National Museum at Buda-Pesth relating to
Charles vi.

On his coronation at. Pressbuig as King of Hungary, alluding to
the ceremony of flourishing the sword towards the four winds — jJc

ferrVMqVe tenebat hoC Ipse -«aCIDes. ovid. met. = 171 2

i.e. The son of ^acus himself had this sword.

Another medal on his coronation represents the letter C in radi-
ance surrounded by crowns, with this chronogram, giving the same
date twice — ^

NON oCCIDIt VsqVaM ,. CIrCVMfVso penDebat In aere.= j 1712

OVID. MET. = I 1712

ue. He has not died. He was suspended in the circumambient air.

Another medal to Charles vi. represents an open pom^ranate
with the seeds and crimson-coloured juice exposed to view, with this
motto, ' Coronatio in regem Hungariae 1 7 1 2,' and this chronogram — ^
regnanDo reCreat sIstIqVe CrVoreM. = 171 2

A book, *Scriptores rerum Hungaricarum,' etc., cura et studio
Joannis Georgii SchwandterL Vienna, 1746. 3 vols, folio; with
curious engraved emblematical initial letters to the chapters throughout
the volumes. In vol ii. p. 518 is described, Solemnitas inaugura-
tionis D. Caroli vi. Romanor. Imperat Augusti et tertii hujus nom-
inis Hungariae regis. Celebrata Pisonii \i,e. ^ Fressburg] xL Kalend.
Junii 1712.

Among the decorations used on the occasion, this inscription was

displayed on a picture of Jason aixd the golden fleece — Ob

saCra YeLLerIs hesperIDVM = 1712

LargI Dant MVnera VIna CanaLes^ = 1712

aCCIpe DVM VenIt = 17 12

DonVM CornV CopIiE regLe,. = 171 2

Iasone arChIDVCVM = 17 12

CaroLo Magno, Donata feJjIX \ _ ^

pannonIa.. j — 1 712

^ A medal to commemorate the fortress of ' Alba' (Stuhlweissenburg)

is inscribed — O

ANNO qVo generaLIs erat CoMenDans In transILVanIa, = 17 14
with a further inscription commencing * Alba condita,' etc.

Medal on the foundation of the citadel of * Stuhlweissen,' in Tran-
sylvania, bears these inscriptions-^

HUNGARY— CHARLES VL 159

LVCe saCra CaroLI sIMILes aLba aCCIpIt ortVs. = 1715

InsoLIDa prIMVs ponItVr arCe LapIs. = 1715

IVLIa nata fVI, CaroLVs VIM robVr et aVXIt. > _

IVLlA siN LiBEAT nVnC CaroLIna VoCer. / - 1 715

Below are represented the seven castles of Transylvania. Also there
is a view of the citadel of Alba Carolina, Le. Siuhlweissenburgj and
the inscription, 'Tutissima quies.'

Medal to Charles vl on a victory over the Turks, inscribed —
' Caesis et fug: Turc: cc. mill. castri« occupat: 5 Aug:'
and ' Virtute Eugenii/ ^

CiESAR aD saWM victor. = 1 7 16

i,e. The Emperor ^ conqueror at the river Save,

Another relating to his victory at Temesvar — 5|c

aD saWM C^sar tVrCas prosternIt. die aug. = 17 16

eVgenIo prInCIpe teMesVarIa C^esarI reDIt. d. xii. oct. = 17 16
i,e. The Emperor scatters the Turks at the river Save. Eugene being
the chief, Temesvar returns to the Emperor.

Another on a similar occasion. The genezal offers to the £mperor
the spoils and the standard of the Turks— 5|c

PRlMIxIiE DeVICtIs tVrCIs. 5.AVG. = 17 16

ie. The first fruits, the Turks being conquered.

Another relating to the victory at Temesvar, represents a sword
issuing from the clouds, a key hanging thereto, which goes to open
(or lock up ?) the temple of Janus — O

VICtorI eVgenIo CeDIte teMesIL = 17 16

ue. Ye people of Temesvar, yield to Eugene tJie conqueror.

The reverse represents lightning, and two men's heads on the
ground, * Non sine strage venit' He comes not without slaughter.

Medal of Charles vi. on the recovery of Temesvar — Oc

transyLVanIa Mei'V aC InsIDIIs LIberata. = 17 16

i,e, Transylvania delivered from fear and plots.

Another on the same — ' Tamesvaria Turcis erepta' — Oc

arMIs ConstantIa et fortItVDIne CaesarIs ab eVgenIo. = 17 16

Another medal — A

De tVrCIs Capto teMesWaro. = 17 16

ue, Temesvar being taken from the TurJ^,

Another medal relating to the same victory, represents Eugene as
a warrior on horseback in front of a town having an Oriental aspect
(probably Belgrade) — O

NON EST heIC aLIVD nIsI gLaDIVs gIDeonIs. jud, vii. = 171 7
i,e. This is none other but the sword of Gideon,

Another, bearing emblems of peace, and inscribed, ' Che Belgrado
da Belgrado,' and this chronogram — O

tVrCo battVto aL granD eVgenIo sIrenDe beLgraDo. = 17 17
i,e. The Turk being beaten, BdgrcuU surrenders to the renowned Eugene.

Another medal represents a warrior, a river, and beyond it a forti-
fied city on a hill, inscribed, * Biduo post victoriam xviii. Aug.' — O
aLter graDIVI beLLVsgraDVs beLgraDo obtento. = 171 7

i6o HUNGARY— CHARLES VL

A chapter in ' Historia regni Hungarici' contains these chrono-
grams on the capture of Belgrade —

eVgenIVs CeDIt tVrCaM. = 1717

ET beLLgraDVM VI CapItVr = 17 17

DeCIMa oCtaVa aVgVstI. = 171 7

U€, Eugene defeats the Turks, And Belgrade is taken-by foru on the iSth
of August.

Belgrade becomes prosperous after the expulsion of the Turks,
under the auspices thus expressed —
IesV ChrIsto generaLIssIMo Coronante, CaroLo C.£Sare

REGNANTE ET eVgENIo PRInCIpE CoOPERANTE. = I717

ue, Jesus Christ being generalissimo ^ving the crowny Charles the
emperor reigning^ Prince Eugene co-operating.

A medal representing the fortress of Belgrade is inscribed — A

CaroLo sVbIgItVr beLgraDVM. = 1717

DeCIMa oCtaVa aVgVstI. = 1717

i.e. Belgrade is subdued by Charles on the iSth of August. The second
line is remarkable because the words signifying the day of the month
contain also chronographically the year date.

Another medal is inscribed, ' Turcis fusis, castris occupatis, Bel-
grado recepto,' and this arrogant chronogram, adapted from Judges
viL verse 18 — A

gLaDIVs DeI, CaroLI et gIDeonIs eVgenIL = 17 17

i,e. The sword of Gody of CharleSy and of Gideon — Eugene.

See also the medal at p. 159, ante.

MedaL Carolus vi. Rom: Imp: —
tVrCarVM De gente VICtorI. = 1717

i.e. To the conqueror of the nation of the Turks.

Medal of Charles vi. represents two Roman soldiers with emblems
of conquest ; beneath is the head of a wild boar transfixed with an
arrow, as if to signify the subjugation of Servia, and

CeCIDIt VtrVMqVe. = 1717

An eagle is seen casting lightning as much on Belgrade as on the
camp of the Turks.

Medal bearing the portrait of Charles vi. and the view of Bel-
grade—

VICtorIa paCeM taVrVnea DabIt. = 1718

i.e. The Belgrade victory will give peace.

Medal on the peace of Passarowitz, by which the Turks were
deprived of their last possessions in Hungary, represents the Emperor
on his throne with three Turkish legates kneeling to him, and ' Sic
redit ad dominum, quod fuit ante suum.' ' Pax sancta

HUNGARY— CHARLES VL i6i

Passarowiz xxi Jul MDCCXVIIi/ and the names of rivers and

fortresses, and this chronogram — Oc

DabIMVs CaesarI qVae sVnt CaesarIs. = 17 18

And below, * Pax petita/

ue. We will give to Ccesar the thirds which are Ccesar's.^-Peace sued

for.

A singular medal, of which this is an abbreviated description, on
the victory of Passarowitz, bears the portrait of Charles vi., and
' Victor non alio subscribit pacta colore/ i.e. The conqueror
signs with no other colour {i.e. blood). The Emperor is represented
signing with Turk's blood a tablet which is presented to him by
Mercury, and inscribed — Oc

InDVCIae CVM hostIbVs. = 17 18

i,e. The truce with the enemy.

Below is ' Mortarium bellicosum,' in which lies the head of a
Turk, also a small vessel which contains the blood for ink ; and close
by are two Turks kneeling ; below all is this inscription —
In paCIs InDVCIas DebeLLato sVppLICI hostI gLorIose
ConCessas. = 1 718

i,e. In memory of a truce granted to the suppliant enemy gloriously van-
quished.

Whilst these affairs were prospering, Philip v. of Spain invades
and recovers Sardinia from Charles vi., to whom the island was given
by treaty in 17 14; a medal thus inscribed, representing the persecu-
tion of the Christians by Saul (Acts ix. 5), marks the occasion —
sIhe saVL DV VerfoLgest MICh. = 17 17

i,e. Behold, Saul, thou persecutest me.

An address to Charles vi. in Latin verse (from ' Fasti Universitatis
Altorfianae,* Altorf, 17 19), has a preface commencing —
CiEsIs ottoMannIs et beLLograDo eXpVgnato = 1717

i,e. The Ottomans being conquered^ and Belgrade being taken by storm,

' Hymnus saecularis Deo optimo maximo,' on the same occasion is
accompanied by this line, Psalm 89. 15 —

bene popVLo InCIDentI In teMpora TVbILaeI ! =1717

i,e, * Blessed is the people that know the joyful sound,^

Medal on the naval victory gained by the assistance of England,
and Sicily recovered, anno 17 18, represents portrait of Charles vi.,
and a very elaborate political, religious, and warlike device — Oc

Date qVae sVnt CaesarIs CaesarI: qVae DeI Deo. = 1718

InDe sICILIa LegItIMo regI sVo restItVta. = 17 18

i,e. Give to Ccesar the things which are Ccesar' s ; and to God those which
are Gods, — Hence Sicily is restored to its rightful king.

On a fountain near the Church of S. Francesco de Paolo in Palermo.
An inscription indicating its erection when Charles vi. was Emperor,

1 62 HUNGARY— CHARLES VI.

the Duke of Parma Viceroy, and the Count *de Wallis' (Joveraor of
the city, and concluding with this chronogram — Y

Vt aCtIonIbVs nostrIs IVste proCeDaMVs. = 1724

/>. .S^ may we proceed justly with our actions,

iVn Austrian poet discovered in the following lines from Viigil,
i£n. vii. 50, an augury applicable to the prospects of the family of
Charles vi., continuing the succession to the throne through Maria
Theresa —

Filius huic, fato Divdm, prolesque virilis
Nulla fuit : primaque oriens erepta juventa est.
Sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes,
Jam matura viro, jam plenis nubUis annis.
£t sequens formavit augurium —

patrI sVperstes fILIa MarIa theresIa aVgVstas aVstrIaCas Ob
seDes soLa serVabIt. = 1732

Dryden translates Virgil thus —

But this old peaceful prince, as heav'n decreed,
Was bless'd with no male issue to succeed :
His sons in blooming youth were snatch'd by fate :
One only daughter heir'd the royal state.
The augury runs thus in English —

The daughter Maria Theresa surviving her father^ will alone preserve
the august Austrian throne,

JMedals relating to Charles vi. —
gLorIa sIt Deo ! feLICItas aVgVsto et In terra paX F
hoMInIbVs = 1732

i.e. Glory be to God^ happiness to the Emperor^ and peace on earth to man.
paX et fortVna EVROPiE eX sanCtIone pragMatICa penDent.= 1732
i,e. The peace and fortune of Europe depend on the Pragmatic Sanctiott,

A medal to Charles vi. bears this quotation —

. • . Invenit virtu te viam. Claud : Hb

aDVenIt eXCeLsas VIrtVs sVbLIMIs In aVras. = 1740

i,e. He finds the way by virtue. Virtue arises aloft to the heavens.

Another on his journey to Spain and back, this quotation from
Ovid alludes to its purpose and gives the date —

. . . reX VICTOR Aff VnDa Hb

OPTATo reDIIt VeLLere DIVes oVIs. = 1740

i.e. The victorious king has returned from the sea rich with the wished-
for fleece of the sheep if he golden fleece).

Various medals on his death.

One of them represents two genii ; one inquires of the other — Hb

qVIs ten VI, QViERls, tVMVLo CLaVDatVr In Isto? = 1740

i,e. Do you ask who can be hidden in this narrow tomb f

The other replies —
aVgVstVs, Casar, reX, DVX, CoMes. = 1740

i,e. The august emperor, king, duke^ count I

HUNGARY— CHARLES VL 163

Other medals — Hb

Magno sILesLe sViE DoLore eXtInCtVs . VIXIt. = 1740

i>. Dead^ to the great grief of his Silesia^ he lived (in memory),
SiEVlENS aVtVMnVs stIrpIs AVsTRliE frVCtVs DeCerpsIt. = 1740
i,e. The cruel autumn plucked the fruits of the tree of Austria,
InVIDa heV oCtobrIs noX EVROPiE soLeM obnVbILaVIt. = 1740
Le, Alas I the envious night of October has beclouded the sun of Europe.

The following, at page 533, indicates the death of Charles vi. and
other potentates: — *Natalis Europae universss annus, de quo Musa
haud mediocris ingenii triste cecinit'

papa . R . reX BORVssIiE, CiESAR IMperII, \ Ob

Vt et > = 1740

ANNA RVssIiE VnO ANNO CeDVnT. j

£t hoc imprimis nomine fatalis inquam, erat, quod Carolum vi.
Dom. Imperat. gloriosissimum, Hungarise patrem desideratissimum,
magno suorum luctu, extremum vita diem, morte inopina, conficere
voluerit.

i,e. The Pope^ the King of Prussia^ the Emperor [Ccesar] of the empire,
also Anna (f Russia, die all in one year. These sovereigns are. Pope
Clement xii., Frederick William il of Prussia, Charles vi. of Ger-
many, etc, and Anne, the reigning Empress of Russia.

FROM a funeral oration pronounced at Bruchsal on the death of
Charles vi. (Communicated from the Imperial Library at
Vienna) —

fataLIs aVstrIaCI soLIs eCLIpsIs VIsa VIgesIMa oCtobrIs
In obItV CiESARls CaroLI VL = 1740

i.tf. The fatcU eclipse of the Austrian sun^ observed on the 20th of October
in the death of the emperor Charles VI,

hIC qVIesCIt CiESAR Carol Vs VI sVCCIsa arbor sIne raMIs
VIrILIbVs. = 1740

i,e. Here rests the emperor Charles VL, a tree cut down without male
branches, (He left no surviving son.)

Great ingenuity is shown in these two chronograms on the death
of Charles vi. in 1740, the wars consequent on the Pragmatic Sanction,
and the disputed succession to various dominions in Europe. The
first is from the German version of the Book of Lamentations, c. 5.
verse 16. (From Wolf's Conversations-Lexicon) —
DIe Crone Vnsers haVptes 1st abgefaLLen

o Wehe! Dass WIr so gesVInDIget haben! = 1740

i,e, {According to the English version) The crown is fallen from our
head: woe unto us that we have sinned I

This is followed by a remarkable adaptation of a passage from
Virgil, ifin. iil verse 138, without the alteration or omission of any
word, except the substitution of ac for et.

i64 HUNGARY— MARIA THERESA.

. . . MIseranDaqVe VenIt
arborIbVsqVe satIsqVe LVes aC LethIfer annVs. = 1740

t\e, A destructive pestilence and a deadly time come upon our people and
our crops.

Medal referring to a memorial erected to him —
CargLx) seXto IMperatorI aVgVsto DeVota sILesIa Hb
ereXIt. = 1 740

i>. The demoted province of Silesia erected it to the august Emperor
Charles the Sixth.

A medal with an appropriate device, and this quotation from a
classical writer (?), relates to him —

... In ASTRA Hb

LaVrIgeras DVCent aqVILas paX atqVe trIVMphI. = 1740

i,e. Peace and triumphs will bear the laurel-covered eagles to the stars.

A LARGE medal, ' Homagium prsestitum/ 1741, bears the portrait
of Maria Theresa, and

* Coelo numen habes, terras regina tuetur,
Sic coelo terris Hungare tutus eris.'
Also the device of a triumphal arch, on which, under the eye of
Providence, is erected the double cross of Hungary ; on the right the
Virgin Mary sits on a cloud; on the left is Maria Theresa, whose
crown is placed on the ground while she adores the divine Providence.
Inscription, 'Sub cruce jam gemina; gemina est patrona Maria.'
Below this, at the entrance of a doorway, giving the view of a temple,
repose a lion and sheep, with this motto, * Nee saevos metuent
armenta leones.' On the reverse is the portrait of Maria Theresa, and

REGNANTI MARliE THERESliE Vt PRInCIpI SViE Oc

VotIs se IVratI obstrInXere DaCI. = 1741

i.e. To Maria Theresa^ when the Dacians swore allegiance with vows to
her as their quern.

The coronation of Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary, on 25th
June 1 741, was celebrated with much public rejoicing; among
decorations of the city of Pressburg was a symbolical picture of
Clemency and Justice, with some epigrammatic lines, concluding with
this chronogram —
His regIna nItes, qVonIaM VIrtVtIbVs; ohe! Ob

es popVLo et CeLso grata fVtVra Deo! = 1741

i.e. Since, O queen, thou shinest with these virtues; oh, thou wilt be
pleasing to the people and to the most high God.

Another device was a lion, with this chronogram —
Vos ORNAT LaVto nVtV CLeMentIa ; Vestras

DItabIt terras aVrea IVstItIa. = 1741

i.e. Clemency adorns you with its proud approval; golden Justice will
enrich your lands.

MARIA THERESA, HUNGARY, 165

The history now being quoted mentions certain documents con-
nected with the coronation, and at the conclusion of them the author
inscribes to her this augury of the year 1743 —
MarIae . theresIae . pIae . aC . IVstae . prInCIpI . beLLona .
VICtorIae . hIIgIaea , fLorentIs . VItae . posterItas . Ob
gLorIae . VeCtIgaLIa . soLVent. = 1 743

i.e. Posterity will pay the tribute of glory to Maria Theresa the pious
and just princess^ the Bellona of victory^ and the HyguEa of a flourishing
life.

Medal relating to the Jews. It represents Maria Theresa on a
throne, and a distant view of the city of Prague. Inscribed, ' Exilk)
minato. xiii. Thebeth. xviii. Decemb.' i.e, * Exile being threatened,'
and this chronogram —
ne sVspICetVr regIna VersVs serVos sVos res hVIVsCe A

MoDI. I. REG. 22. V. 15. =a 1744

i.e. Let not the Queen impute things of this kind to her servants,
I Samuel 22, v. 15.

On the reverse is a representation of stately buildings, the Jews'
temple with a large assemblage of people ; the arms of Hungary and
Bohemia, and this inscription, * Decreto abolito . xiii. war. xv.
MAIL* i,e. The decree revoked 15th May. Also this chronogram —
IstI sVnt DIes qVos nVLLa VMqVaM DeLebIt obLIVIo et
per sIngVLas generatIones CVnCtae In toto orbe proVIn- A
CIae CeLebrabVnt. Esther 9. v. 28. = 3761

i.e. Those are the days which no oblivion will ever blot outy and through
successive generations all provinces in the whole world jshall celebrate
them. See Esther 9. v. 28.

The date made by the chronogram is according to a system of
chronology not explained

' Anti-Rakociana medal.'
A large medal ; the obverse represents a man in armour driving
away the Rakocian Vestals from an altar on which fire is burning,
with this inscription around — O

perfIDa CeDe trIas proprIVs CaDat IgnIs ab ara. = 17 10

MartI IVre pIo DIsCe saCrars trIas. = 17 10

A scroll is inscribed * Inde pavor patriae,* and in the exergue is
De InIMICIs victor. = 17 10

Reverse represents a tree with extended branches, and a country, which
is Transylvania, with its principal cities marked in very small letters,
citadels, rivers, etc., and this inscription around —
Vera saLVS PATRliE sponDetVr ab arborIs VMbra,

sVb qVa paX reqVIes Ipsa seCVra VIrent. = 1710

and beneath it, InCoLIs nobILe PRiEsIDIVM. = 17 10

p, f Obverse, InDe paVor patrIwE. )

ergue | Reverse, Manet hInC proteCtIo regnI /

= 1710

i66 DIALOGUE— BELLONA AND GERMANY.

A secular medal of the blacksmiths' or ironworkers' society
(societatis ferriariae) dedicated to Charles vi. ; it bears his portrait, and
DVM pLVra seqVentVr saeCVLa, = 1725

sVCCessVs nVnqVaM DeerVnt. = 1725

ue. While many ages follow in succession^ success will ever be present
With a representation of iron mines, forges, and manufacture of arms.

4 CURIOUS tract, British Museum (press-mark 8010. b. 1-27)
catalogued under * Great Britain and Ireland' (76. part 16),
liam and Mary, King and Queen,* — * Discours que sa Majesty fit,
etc.' (a speech to Parliament). It has apparently no connection with
the dialogue which immediately follows,^ viz. : —

Chronographica lxvii.

Bellona

Dialogic^ excitat inclytam

Germaniam.

Ad justissimum Augustissimi Caesaris Bellum contra s. r. i. hostes

prosequendum. ^

Germanus. Anagram, Remagnus.

■ ♦

Bellona ad Germanum,

re MagnVs, VIrtVte potens, et notVs In orbe ) _ 1680

es teVto, Ver^ DIgnVs honore CoLI J ~" ^

gerMane, en (sVperI!) terIVstVs VbIqVe CoaCtVs ) _ ,«

nVnC Contra gaLLos prsLIa CiESAR aget. / ^

VICIstI tVrCaM pro aVgVsto hoC C/Esare pVgnans ) _ ,g

si gaLLos sVperes aVrea SiECLA patent. j "" ^

sVrge, en VICTOR erIs, nVnC te VoCat aLtera paLMa, ) _ ,g

tVrbator paCIs CceLItVs ergo rVat. j ^

Respondit.

Germanus. Anagram, Surgamne?

nVnC Ibo rVrsVs LassVs? sVrgaMne qVIesCens? ) _ ,g

TOT, CernIs? tVrbas gaLLICa Castra tenent. j ^

Nos paVCI, hI pLVres, tIMeo PATRliEQVE rVInas, ) _ r^

nI DeVs assIstat patrIa tota rVIt. j ^

Bellona.
NON DeVs has strages VLtra heV ! patIetVr InVLtVs, ) _ ,«

PRiELlA PRO iETHEREO NOMInE FAVSTA GERENS. j ^ ^

^ The whole tract is supposed to have been printed at the Hague. The entry in the
British Museum Catalogue observes [* Followed by Latin elegiac verses on the events of
the day. Hague? 1689. 4**.'] The king's speech alludes to the intention to declare war
against France; at this period France was in league with the Turks, who were being
driven out of Eastern Europe by the Emperor Leopold, with the assistance of other European
forces. The chronograms bear upon the events of this war.

DIALOGUE'-BELLONA AND GERMANY.

167

EST saCra MaIestas (sors DVra 1) In Vasa per hostes

TERRA eXhaVsta eIVs, rege VoLente, perIt.
DVM pIVs aVgVstVs peragIt pIa PRiELlA ChrIstI

EN STRAGE ATTRItA ET PATRIa TOTA rVIt.

stragIs fInIs erIt (testantI CreDIte VatI)
VIDIt ea ASTRA regens LentVs ab aXe DeVs.

Ipse est proteCtor IVrIs DeVs; arbIter orbIs
hInC CiESAR VInCet ^CVI noLVs^ ILLe rVet.

Germanus. Anagram, En surgam.

DIXIstI %KI\%\eN sVrGaM\ pro CiESARE IVSTO

FAS EST Ire, pIa et pr^LIa IVsta seqVar.

Bellona.
nobIs proMItto trIbVet VICtorIa LaVros,

Ipse et pVgnabIt qVI regIt astra DeVs.
saLVare In paVCIs iEQVE aC In pLVrIbVs ILLI est,

CasareI proCeres ergo STAT Ire sIMVL.

Germanus. Anagram, Regnamus.
ergo hoste eXpVLso \regnaMVs\ In orbe beatI,

STAT FORTVnatVs CiRSAR In ORBE DIV.

Bellona.
heM IWat 6 proCeres ConIVnCtIs VIrIbVs Ire,
Infestos gaLLos peLLIte, LVna IaCet.

= 1689

Magnus Sultanus

prope Adrianopolina

Plangit amissionem Regni Hungariae

ad pacem suspirans.

Peccator videbit et irascetur, dentibus suis fremet, et tabescet

Psalm 112. V. 10.

VIrIbVs enerVor, Me hInC perVoLat VnDIqVe ferVor, = 1689

qVID traX2 parCa foVes? qVo MIhI fILa VoVes? = 1689

eXtat ab ore fVror MoDICIs VeLVt IgnIbVs Vror = 1689

VlTA enIXa saLIt Mens rVDe VVLnVs aLIt = 1689

IVs qVoqVe DICetVr soLIMan qVIs honore frVetVr? = 1689

qVI MoDo sCeptra gerIs reX aVIs eXVL erIs. = 1689

qVaM LVo ConVICtVs pLenVs ConfLICtIbVs ICtVs; = 1689

sIC, VIVI, eLVDor, Vah fVrIbVnDe pVDor! = 1689

gens VbI DeLetVr, nVLLVs MIhI IVra tVetVr, = 1689

VnDIqVe CLaDe graVor : DI ! qVIs VbIqVe paVor ! =1689

LVDIMVr Vt stVLtI, GERiE {sic) sVperantVr InVLtI = 1689

LeX sIbI DIVa perIt, qVIs MIhI IVnCtVs erIt? = 1689

heV, pIa qVeIs CVrIs sVLtanVM bVDa per VrIs I =1689

Ipsa eXpVLsa tVIs VI MaLa bVDa LVIs ! =1689

* Anagram on * LuDOicus,' King of France.

■ {JSic) perhaps intended for trux parca, stem fate. The reader will observe the * Leonine*
composition of the hexameter and pentameter lines throughout this Lament.

i68 DIALOGUE— BELLONA AND GERMANY.

Me VarII tangVnt, popVLIqVe MeDVLLItVs angVnt,^

qVA VI bVDa rVIt IaMqVe CrVore fLVIt? = 1689

ViE tIbI bVDa^ bonIs hVMVs est eXVta CoLonIs, = 1689

VIX DoMVs est IbI, aret pVLVere, VIte Caret. = 1689

qVID CrVor It fVsVs? MaLesanVs Is ensIs abVsVs ! = 1689

qVIs pLVto heV DIros sIC Mo Vet VsqVe VIros? = 1689

oMnIa VertVntVr, WLCanI In DIte ferVntVr, = 1689

VnDIqVe sIt fLetVs VIs qVIa CaVsa MetVs. = 1689

InfeLIX bVDa, heI ! beLgraDP en WLnera nVDa, = 1684

VnDIqVe LITE tVIs trVX MaLa fata LVIs. = 1689
teCLI^ VIr feLLIs CaVsastI o tanta rebeLLIs, ) ^

VerbI est VICta, VIDes, neC tVa Vera fIDes. j

hVngarIA e totA DepVLsVs In ^thera Vota ) _ 50

ET tIbI MeCha^ gero, VanaqVe Vota fero. j ' ^
esVrIe affLIget nVnC Caesar MenIa sIgeth^ \

hInC VeL frVstra fVIt, CceLItVs ILLa rVIt. J

AH ! heI Me hAC spIssA PRiESTO estrVIt Vra kanIssa^ I — /;»

ET VVarDIna « rVIs, non nIsI fata LVIs. J ~ '^^^

Inter totqVe nIVes neqVeVnt se opponere CIVes, 1—68

ViEl ViE! Despero; non ego MILes ero. j "" ' ^

VertVntVr CantVs post baCChInaLIa pLanCtVs, I = 68

PRO CantV ore Meo (trIstIa Vota!) fLeo. j ^ ^

heI nIMIIs DIVI fLagrIs VeXantVr aChIVI, = 1689

CVI sVMVs In fLagrIs paX noVa DetVr agrIs. = 1689

CiEDIs ATRoX faX sIt, sors, ET SPES VLtIMa paX sIt, = 1689

paX MIhI, paX LenI DVCta faVore VenI. = 1689

fVnestA LVnA pereVnte perIbIMVs VnA, ) _ 50

non tronVs ah stabIt, fata neCesqVe DabIt. j — ^ 9

fVnebrI pLagA CeCIDIt VIsIrIVs® aga, ) =68

hInC noster zeLVs DICItVr esse sCeLVs. j ^ ^

non VLtra bassm^ VaLVere ah aMpLIVs asse, ) =68

sl NON pVgnabVnt non nIsI fata DabVnt. j — I 9

nostra eX parte reA fVIt Ingens VICta Morea, ) =68

eheV ! sl STABO fVnera pLVra Dabo. j "■ ' ^
DVros VXores LVNiE LenIte fVrores, K

IpsI forMosas spargIte gViEso rosas. j

LVna sVas DIras pLorate Vt MItIget Iras, ) _ 50

Vota fero heI gratIs LVgVbrIs Ipse satIs. j — ^ 9

eXIVI heV sero, MeDICos In WLnera gViERO. = 1689

DVX qVIppe InfLatVr Mars CVpIt Ire satVr. = 1689

^ This line makes 2689 for no apparent reason.

' Buda in Hungary had been in possession of the Turks.

■ Belgrade. * Tekeli the Hungarian, chief of malcontents.

* These lines make 1694 ; they are sic in the original, but probably wrong.

* Names of places not identified. ' Kaniscba in Hungary.

* Sic, Perhaps intended for * vi Sirius 5 * or is it the Latinised form of * Vizier' ?

* These lines make 1639 ; it is W^ in the original print, and without explanation.

DIALOGUE— BELLONA AND GERMANY, 169

eheV I InsanIs ConstantInopoLItanIs, \ _ ar

paX qVanDo fIes IMperIoqVe qVIes. j - 1059

AH/ nobIs gaLLVs IVngatVr aMore VasaLLVs, \ - #;«

^^7- In noCte ta Get/ L Vna s Vba Cta Ia Get. ] — iO»9

Dilexit maledictionem, et veniet ei : et noluit benedictionera, et
elongabitur ab eo. Psalm 109. v. 17.

Concliisio}

sVLtanVs fLeVIt, qVaM InfeLIX fceDera spreVIt. = 1689

qVI MoDo fIt stVLtVs proprIaqVe In pVLte sepVLtVs. = 1689

BASSA^ IaCet DIrVs, qVaM est LapsVs ab aXe VIsItVs. = 1689

haVD sIt paX IpsIs, nIMIs InsVrreXIt eCLIpsIs. = 1689

IaMqVe aLCoranVs terrIs rVIt VnDIqVe Van Vs. = 1689

i = 1689
} =1689

Appendix.

De Teckelio,* Phaetonte, et Icaro.
sIDera IaM phaeton fVgeret sI VIVeret, et qVos,

OPTARAT stVLtVs tangere noLLet eqVos.
sic teCLI * hVngarI^ VItaret CVLMIna regnI,

qVI satIs ANGVsTi nVnC IsCet aLta petens.
sic eXCeLsa poLI VoLItans sVper aea (sic) pennIs ) _ ,«

ICarVs ICarIas noMIne feCIt aqVas. J — 1009

hIC qVoqVe teCkeLIVs^ IaCet orbI fabVLa faCtVs ) __ ^^g

ILLIVs PENNiE nIL nIsI straMen erant. j ^

^ The Leonine composition of the verses continues to the end.

' The name of a place.

• Tekeli the Hungarian, chief of the malcontents.

PRAGUE AND ST. JOHN NEPOMUCEN.

HE river Moldau flows through the city of Prague in
Bohemia. It is crossed by a massive stone bridge of
sixteen arches, called the * Carlsbriicke/ begun in the
reign of Charles IV., Emperor of Germany and King
of Bohemia, in 1357, and not completely finished
until the year 1503. The bridge is ornamented on either side by
thirty colossal statues, all of stone, standing on the piers of the
arches, except one representing St. John of Nepomuk, made of
bronze, and occupying a pier near the central arch. In front of this
statue, and fixed to the pedestal, are five lamps in the shape of stars,
of polished brass, with rays and centre made of red glass. On the
top of the parapet wall, at the adjoining arch, that from which the
saint IS said to have been thrown in 1383, is fixed a square slab of
red marble, inlaid with a small bronze cross with five stars, repre-
sented in the above woodcut. People as they pass along draw their
hand over it, the effect is to rub the stone and metal into a depres-
sion, and maintain both in a state of high polish. A bronze tablet in
the centre of the pedestal bears this inscription —

PEA G UE—ST. JOHN NEPOMUCEN. 1 7 1

Divo Joanni Nepomuceno A. mccclxxxiii ex hoc
ponte dejecto erexit Matthias L. B. de Wunschwitz

A. MDCLXXXIII.

ue. To the holy John of Nepomuk, thrown from this bridge in 1383,

Matthias f free-baron of Wunschwitz^ erected this statue in 1683.

A medal commemorates the erection of this statue. It bears
this inscription from Psalm 148, v. 13, and the chronogram —

Exaltatum est nomen ejus.
statVa iEREA s. IgannIs nepoMVCenI anno a. sanCta aC
gLorIosa eIVs neCe ter Centeno PRAGiE In ponte erIgI
CVratVr: * = 1683

A Matthia Libero Barone de Wunschwitz.
i.e. His name is exalted. — The bronze statue of St. John of Nepomuk
erected on the bridge of Prague in the third centenary year of his sacred
and glorious assassination : By Matthias^ free-baron of Wunchswitz {in
1683).

His grandson, Baron Johann Anton. Cajetan, erected in a church
a copy of the statue in fulfilment of a promise made by the grand-
father, with this inscription —

DeVgta statVa VWnsChVVItzIana IgannIs nepgMVCenI. =s 1745
Ioanne antgnIg CaIetang bargne De WVnsChVVItz bgheMg
eX Vgtg pgsIta. =5 1745

;>. The promised Wunschwitzian statue of John of Nepomuk. — Placed
here according to vow by John Cajetan^ baron of Wunschwitz in BohemicL

Of the subject of this medal and statue there are various stories
extant. The first is .briefly as follows: That John of Pomuk, or
Nepomuk, in Bohemia, was a priest, who, according to legend and
popular belief, was thrown from the bridge of Prague into the river
Moldau and drowned, in the year 1383, by order of King Winceslaus
(or Wenzel) iv., because he refused to betray the secrets of the
queen, the king's wife, confided to him in confession. The spot
whence he was cast into the river is marked by the small bronze cross
with five stars, in imitation of the miraculous appearance of fire in the
form of stars, which was seen flickering over the place where his body
lay under the water ; the stars continued until the river was dragged
and his body recovered.

In after times, in the sixteenth century, the legend was raised to the
rank of historical fact, and a long list of miracles wrought by, or under
the influence of his remains, was collected and published ] eventually,
on the 19th of March 1729, he was canonized by Pope Innocent xiii.,
at the instigation of the Jesuits, and adopted by them as the champion
of the confessional, and as their second patron saint Churches,
statues, altars, and shrines,^ were erected and dedicated to him, and

^ The silver shrine in Prague cathedral is said to contain li tons of that metal ; it was
executed in 1736, and is of no aitbtic value.

172 PRAGUE— ST. JOHN NEPOMUCEN.

he was regarded throughout Bohemia and Austria as the patron of
bridges and running streams.

On the suppression of the Jesuits in Bohemia in the year 1773,
other stories concerning him were freely asserted and discussed ; the
points were mainly these : That John of Nepomuk, although he was
a priest, was occupied in the management of legal and secular affairs,
principally as agent of the Archbishop of Prague, John of Jenstein,
with whom the king had a great quarrel in 1384; John, who sup-
ported his employer's interests, incurred the king's displeasure, was
sent to prison, punished, and even wantonly tortured by the king him-
self, and then by his orders drowned in the river Moldau, because he
could not survive the injuries so done to him. It is asserted that he
was not the queen's confessor, and therefore he could not be a martyr
for the cause alleged in the legend, much less could he have been the
champion of the confessional. Even the story of his drowning has
been discredited, for it appears that John of Pomuk or Nepomuk was
entered on the books of the University of Prague in the Faculty of
Law in 1381. In 1389 he was exercising some clerical duty, and
was appointed General-vicar in spiriiualibus ; he held that office
as late as 1393, when he was still an active man of business. The
story of his drowning in 1383 is not consistent with the foregoing
dates.

The ' Bohemian Chronicle,' written by Hajek, and published in
1 541 (universally admitted to be full of fiction and falsehood), mixes
up the two individuals named * John ' into one and the same person,
regardless of dates and inconsistent events, and so sets up a romantic
story of John of Nepomuk, the confessor, champion, and martyr. In
the early part of the eighteenth century, the Jesuits, then in high power,
forced on the canonisation of * John of Nepomuk,' supporting it by
the fabulous story in the * Chronicle,' and so procured a position in
the Roman Calendar for either the wrong man, or of a mere myth of a
mediaeval romance.

The abov« particulars are extracted from a book, * The Legend
and Canonisation of St. John Nepomucen,' by A. H. Wratislaw :
London, 1873. The author supports the objections to the legend
by documents of unquestionable authority in the Museum Library at
Prague, and enforces his conclusions by quoting the words of a
learned Bohemian writer in 1872, * In my judgment. Saint John
Nepomucen belongs to legend, in no wise to Bohemian history.'

The foregoing explanation of a subject of local notoriety is a
necessary introduction to the following chronograms; the Saint is
completely identified with the city of Prague, and I take the oppor-
tunity of grouping together all other chronograms I was able to
collect in, and relating to that city.

Medal to John of Nepomuk and Pope Clement xi., who died in
1 72 1. The allusion is to the armorial device of Clement, a single
star, and to the more distinguished mark of John, a group of five

PRAGUEST, JOHN NEPOMUCEN, 173

stars. The medal represents the bridge of Prague, with these
inscriptions —

Sidere non uno Joannes fulsit in undis.

InsIgnIs asyLVs perICLItantIbVs De sVa faMa. = 1721

Vno Is CLeMentIs sVb sIDere fVLsIt In arIs. = 172 1

RoMiE InDVLta sanCtI VIrI festIVa transLatIone. = 1721

uc, John shone in the water not by one star only, — (He is) a distin-
guished asylum to those in peril for their reputation. — He shone under the
one star of Clement upon the altars. — Indulgence at Pome on the festive
translation of the holy man,

A statue was somewhere put up with this inscription —
DIVVs Ioannes nepoMVCenVs arChIpatronVs noster pro-
tegIt nos. = 1729

i,e. The holy John of Nepomuk^ our chief patron^ protects us.

A marble statue of him was put up in the * Professions-house ' of
the Jesuits at Antwerp, inscribed —

DIVVs Ioannes nepoMVCenVs soCIetatIs IesV patron Vs. = 1735
i,e. Saint John Nepomucen^ patron of the Society of Jesus,

It is said that this was done in honour of the special favour shown
to the order by the Pope, in granting to it the privilege of taking St
John of Nepomuk as its patron saint and protector against all their
' blasphemous and false accusers.'

JVLany books have been written concerning his life, miracles, and
canonisation ; two of them aiford chronograms.
*Vita S. Joannis Nepomuceni sigilli sacramentalis protomartyris,*
by A. P. B. Balbinus, published at Augsburg, 1730. anno quo
beatVs nepoMVCenVs festo IosephI saCra apotheosI
DonatVs fVIt. = 1729

i.e. At the festival of Joseph^ the blessed Nepomucen was presented with
a sacred apotheosis.

This is followed by an engraved frontispiece representing nine
saints bearing the name of John, in the centre of whom is John
Nepomucen, inscribed, * Joannes est nomen ejus.' Luc. i. 65. And
beneath all is a scroll thus inscribed —

soL In noVo pareLIo DIWs Ioannes nepoMVCenVs. = 1729

i.e. The sun in a new parhelion, the holy John Nepomucen.
At the end of the volume is an engraving, representing the ceremony
of his canonisation, with a tablet inscribed —

beatVs Ioannes nepoMVCenVs festo sanCtI IosephI
sanCtIfICatVr In eCCLesIa LateranensI. = 1729

i.e. The blessed John Nepomucen is sanctified on the feast of St. Joseph^
in the church of the Lateran.

The next book is * Protomartyr poenitentise ejifsque sigilli custos
semper iidelis Joannes Nepomucenus,' by J. T. A. Berghauer, pub-
lished at Augsburg, 1737, being a history of the town of Nepomuk,

174 FRAGUE-^ST. JOHN NEPOMUCEN,

the Saint, and his miracles, in two folio volumes. It describes a statue

in the Metropolitan Church at Prague, with this inscription —

tVteLarI patrono sVo b. IoannI nepoMVCeno opVs IstVD

eX Voto posVerat. = 1699

i.e. \Some one] placed this work in pursuance of his vow to his tutelary

patron^ John of Nepomuk.

A poem concerning him is described, ending thus, * Ita Augus-
tissimse domus Austriacae Die Martyrii Joannis decimi sexti Maii
vovet Capitulum Ecclesiae Pragensis ad d. Vitum. hI qVI oDerVnt
TE, InDVantVr ConfVsIone, et LVDIbrIc' = 1686

i,e. Let those who hate thee be clothed with confusion and mockery.

A church is mentioned, near Prague, having an altar in-
scribed—

EN ET STELLiE De sILentIarII MerItIs LoqWntVr. = 1 72 1

i.e. Behold^ the stars cUso speak concerning the merits of the silent one
(John Nepomucene),

A document, dated 1672, is mentioned — ' Duo hujus aevi insignia
prasclarorum testium documenta Joanneam sanctitatem exomant,
unum Patrium, alterum exterum, Patrium dat: Gloria Universitatis
Carolo Ferdinandeae Pragensis, trIgInta trIbUs enCoMIIs orbI
DIVULgata. = 1672

At page 105, vol. 2, certain gifts to his shrine in Prague
Cathedral are described; some one presented, on ist January 1730, a
lamp, bearing these inscriptions, which repeat the date four times;
one side is inscribed —

* Amove infamiam. Protege innocentiam.'
aCCensUM DUra I i.e. Hard to kindle as

Ut asbeston a natUra, > = 1730 asbestos is by nature^ but
perenne perfUtUra. j lasting for ever.

CanonIzato \ ie. Devoted and grateful

IoannI nepoMUCeno ( __ friends.s.s. have devoted

DeVotI et gratI I *'^° this to the canonised John

sUperposUerUnt . s . s. ) Nepomucene.

The other side represents a heart and a lamp —

Cor pro LaMpaDe, ^ i.e. Let a heart for a

LUX PRO HONORE, f _ lamp^ light for honour^

STENT sUb tUo faVore J '^ stand kindled under thy

aCCensa. ) favour.

Utpote pro DeVoto | i.e. As an affectionate

XenIo prIMa IanUarII > = 1730 offering, the first of Janu-

E . E. j ary. e.b.

Another gift among many others, a silver heart inscribed —
VotIVa et VI Va benefICIorUM reCorDatIo. = 1730

i.e. A votive af id lively remembrance of kindnesses.

Another gift, described as * Tabella argentei cisti exomata cum
effigie S. Joannis Nepomuceni, et infirma in lecto, et flectente mascu-
lini sexus,' and thus inscribed —

PRAGUE— ST. JOHN NEPOMUCEN, 175

orbIs MeDICUs Ioannes peteChIas eXtInXIt. = 1731

t,e, John^ the physician of the worlds has extinguished the petechia (a
pesiiUni fevef).

Another gift in 1734, a golden heart 8^ inches in size, inscribed
on one side —

DIVo IgannI nepoMUCeno InsIgnI proteCtorI patronoqVe
sUo sUppetIas ferentI. = 1734

i,e. To the holy John Nepomucen the illustrious protector and patron
bringing help.

And on the other side —
eX IUstIs affeCtIbUs eXhIbet CoMes anDreas. = 1734

i,e. Count Andrew presents it from a right feeling.

Some monks at Messina, in Sicily, are mentioned as having put
up a statue, inscribed —
DIVo IoannI nepoMVCeno eXtrVCta. =3 1728

Certain ceremonies prior to his canonisation took place by autho-
rity of the Pope, and a long inscription is set forth alluding to the
universal fame of the martyr \ it contains these chronograms —
Die IV nonas Julii, Anno a pIo D. IoannIs obItV sVpra
treCentos nono atqVe trICesIMo. = 1721

i,e. The 4M of July in the year the nine-and-thirtieth and three hundred^
after the death of the holy John.

aDeste regnI iNCoIii, ACCoLiE, CoNVENiE atqVe ratIfICatos
ab Vrbe honores sanCto IoannI Deferte! = 1721

i,e. Be present ye inhabitants of the kingdom, sojourners, strangers, and
bear to holy John the honours that have been ratified by the city.

Another inscription which declares his apotheosis or canoniza-
tion, is thus dated at the end —

Anno apotheoseos qVaM haCtenVs DeVotI; sVspIrabat
orbIs ChrIstIanVs. =1729

i.e. In the year of his apotheosis, how devotedly has the Christian world
hitherto sighed for this I

OUTSIDE a church, at the comer of Porsditscher Street in Prague,
some statues have these inscriptions on the pedestals — ^

fatrIarCha seraphICe ora pro nobIs DeVM. = 1708

i.e. O Patriarch Seraphicus pray God for us.

Another, St. John Nepomuk — ^

HoC synCerVs aMor strVXIt tIbI DIVe Ioannes. = 1730

i.e. Sincere love has raised this to the Divine John.

Another statue of a saint — ^

+ HiEC ChrIstI stIgMata orDInIs InsIgnIa. = 1708

i.e. These marks of Christ are the insignia of the order.

Another statue of a saint — ^

f et In hoCCe sIgno orDo trIVMphat. = 1708

i.e. And in this sign the order triumphs.

176

PRAGUE— ST. JOHN NEFOMUCEN.

iVt the front of the church next to the Carlsbriick the statue of
John Nepomucen is inscribed — if

Magno ATHLETiE pIo aDVoCato sanCto IoannI. = 1758

i.e. To the great athlete the pious advocate St, John,

The statue of the Virgin Mary has this inscription — 5|c

MaTRI DeI PARTHENliE ABSQVe LaBE CONCEPTiE. = 1 758

i.e. To the Virgin Mother of God conceived without stain.

Outside the cathedral of Prague, on the south, is a statuary
group of the dead John of Nepomuk reposing in the lap of an angel,
the pedestal has this inscription — ^

DIVo IoannI nepoMVCeno Laborata et saCrata« = 1763

i.e. To the holy John^ wrought and consecrated.

Outside Trinity Church, on the pedestal of his statue — if

DICent Igannes aVe nepgMVCenI faVe. = 1718

i.e. The inhabitants of Nepomuk will say, Hail John ! favour us.

Outside St. Heinrich Church, on the pedestal of his statue —
gLorIgso FAMiE patrgng pragensI CanonICo sanCto IoannI *
eCCLesIastICa pIetas ponIt . die . xiii . julii. = 1709

In the neighbourhood of the Reichs Thor and the Strahow
Monastery, stands the statue of the saint on a tall pedestal, bearing
this device —

CLaM DICIt

sIC Data MerCes gLorI/k

PRAGUE BRIDGE,

177

It must be read thus — ^

Clam dicit i,e. He speaks privately, = 1752

Ecce silendo martir. ue. Behold a martyr for keeping ^

silence, = 1752

Gloriam praedicant stellae. i.e. The stars proclaim his glory, = 1752

Sis precor medela sancte Joanne& i,e, I pray^ mayest thou be my if,

hecUer^ Saint John, = 1752

Sic data merces gloriae. i,e. Thus wets given the reward of ^

glory, = 1752

THE statues on the bridge of Prague which bear chronogram
inscriptions.

Three in one group— :>|<:

sanCto DoMInICo aVthorI. = 1708

sanCto THoMiE aqVInatI DoCtorI. = 1708

pLanta PRiEDICATORVM reLIgIo. = 1708

i,e. To Saint Dominic the author. To Saint Thames Aquinas the
teacher. Religion is the plant of preachers.

Another statue^ — ^

hIC STAT qVo ferente opeM ChrIstIana In fIDe orbIs. = 17 11

STAT. GRED. XIII. BVLL: EX. SEDi£.

The statue of St Anthony of Padua —

iTALIiE PRODIgIoSE APOSTOLe REGNA IoSEPHI CiESARlS PROTEGE if

aMore. = 1707

Deo InCarnato. sanCto antonIo De paDVa. = 1707

erIgebat et DICabat. C. M. V. = 1707

i,e. O prodigious apostle of Italy ^ protect the kingdoms of the Emperor
Joseph Toith thy love, — To the incarnate God, To the holy Saint
Anthony of Padua, — C, M, V, erected and dedicated this, if

DeI gLorIa zeLotes hostes IosephI CjesarIs ferI tIMore. = 1707

On the pedestal of another statue of a saint — if

De Voto ChrIstI aMICo. = 1708

i,e. According to a vow^ by a friend of Christ,

On the pedestal of the statue of St Augustine — if

DoCtorVM prInCIpL =1708

i,e. To the prince {or chief) of teachers.

On the pedestal of a group of statues of Saints Cosmas and
Damian, patron saints of Bohemia — if

Inter DIVos hIppoCratI CosM^ = 1709

IesV ChrIsto orbIs MeDICo. = 1709

pIoqVe fratrI CoeLIgaLeno DaMIano, = 1709

i,e. To Cosmas^ Hippocrates amongst the divines. To Jesus Christy
the physician of the world. And to t^ pious brother Damian Coeligalenus,

A group of people praying to a saint for aid —
LIberata ContagIone patrIa, et ConCLVsa CVM gaLLIs :+:
paCe. = 1 7 14

i.e. The country being delivered from contagion^ and peace being concluded
with the French.

178 PRAGUE,

On the pedestal of a statue are these inscriptions ; they seem to
have been damaged or altered, and the resulting dates are very
doubtful. They are, however, carefully copied. The first line makes
1873, the second 336.

MarCVs De REGliE ANTlqViE CoNsV pVbLICo.
IoaneLLI VrbIs pragena— LarIs CVLtVI eXposVIt.

The statue of St Nicholas de Tolentino— *

fIDeLIVM ConsoLatorI. = 1709

/.«. To the consoler of ihefcUthfuL

A T the angle of a house near the cathedral of Prague, inscribed
r\, under a statue of St Wenzel, whose shrine is in the cathedral
Pie was murdered by his brother, a.d. 936) — *

DIVo VenCesLao MartyrI. = 1662

ue. To the holy Wenzel the martyr.

The church of St Egidius. In the interior, on the western wall
of the south aisle of nave, is a fresco painting, an angel holding a
scroll, inscribed —

HoC VersetVr In CorDe, qVoD profertVr In ore. \ *

And above it is a clock-face with these words — > = 1734

six SONO PAR InDeX. )

le. Let that be in the heart which comes out of the mouth. Let the hand
be in keeping with the tone.

In a corresponding position in the north aisle is another painting
of an angel holding a heart, a clock-face is above, and a scroll is thus
inscribed —

NGN sVffICIt aD eXtra. ^ \ ^

And beneath is this further inscription — > = 1734

oMnIs gLorIa eIVs fILI^e regIs ab IntVs. )

Psalm 45. V. 13.
i.e. Outside work is not sufficient. — The kin^s daughter is all glorious
within.

In the same church, on the ceiling of the interior of the entrance,
is a fresco decoration of cherubs holding scrolls of ribbon waving
about in all directions, thus inscribed to mark its date —
gLorIa patrI — gLorIa fILIo — et spIrItVI sanCto — sICVt if.
ERAT In prInCIpIo — et nVnC et seMper et In seCVLa. = 1734
i.e. Glory to the Father^ glory to the Son^ and to the Holy Ghost^ as it
was in the banning, it is now, and always and for ever.

In the Franciscan Church, on a black marble tablet —
Chard sVo patrI, gratVs natVs, IosephVs ) *

CanonICVs, DfiVoTk eX CorDe VoVet, atqVe, > =1770

preCatVr -J-ff reqVIesCat In beata paCe. j

PRAGUE. 179

[Then follow the name and qualities of the deceased at some length,

concluding thus] —

OBiiT DIE 16 novemb: AG! UT SUPRA. (No Other date.)

i,e, A grateful softy * Joseph CanonicuSy pays his devotions^ with all his

hearty to his dearfathery and prays thai he may rest in blessed peace.

He died 16th November in the above year.

In a church at Prague the epitaph to a priest thus commences — ^

SISTE VIATOR ET LeGE hIC DeLatVM. =s 1706

ue. !^opy travellery and read what is here recorded. (There is a corre-
sponding date in figures.)

Over the principal door of the Ursuline Church —
honorI et DeVotIonI SANCXiE VRsVLiE VIrgInIs et MartyrIs *

PliE In eXItV VlTiE NOSTRiE PATRONiE. = 170I

i,e. To the honour and devotion of St. Ursulay virgin and pious martyr,
our patroness in the exit from life.^

Over an altar in the Teynkirche —
D. o. M. In honorem S. S. Crispini et Crispiani. if

hanC araM erIgI feCIt DeVota trIbVs. = 1714

i.e. To the Almighty God. In honour of Saints Crispin and Crispiany
a devoted band caused this altar to be erected.

There are other chronograms at altars in this church, illegible
through bad light and decaying paint

On the front of a church in the Kleinseite, Prague —
DIVo losEPHO InCarnatI VerbI nVtrItIo oLoRlos-figVE *
VIrgInIs sponso posItVM. = 1692

i.e. Erected to the divine Josephy the nourisher of the Incarnate Wordy
and the husband of the glorious Virgin.

1 he statue of a female saint stands against the wall of a house
opposite the Bohemian Western Railway ; the pedestal is thus in-
scribed—

Honori Sanctae Ayae S : Hildulphni duels Laubenensis
conjugi virgineae potent! in causis forensibus periclitan-
tium adjutrici.

A CoLLegIo CLeMentIno soCIetatIs IesV sInCero affeCtV *
nVper ereCta. = 1 77 1

i.e. The statuCy etCy erected by the Clementine College of the Society of
Jesusy with sincere affection.

At the Capucin Monastery (the Loreto Church), over the door
leading out of the cloister into a passage ; beneath an old faded fresco

^ A school is attached to this church ; Saint Ursula was patroness of education.

i8o PRAGUE.

painting of a black virgin, this hexameter and pentameter rhyming
verse may be read with some difficulty — ^

saLVe nos De Ira saLVes IntaCta MarIa, = 17 13

eXIMe nos fLentes, arDentI A peste CLIentes. = 17 13

Le. Hail! preserve us from wrath^ thou immaculate Mary^ deliver us
thy weeping worshippers from the burning pestilence.

On the front of the church there is a chronogram in allusion to
the copy of the Santa Casa of Loreto in Italy, which stands in the
quadrangle of the cloister ; it is high placed and somewhat decayed ;
it seems to read thus, and mark the year 1722 —
VeneretVr DoMVs Vera q?. In Card faCtI (incomplete).

On the front of a large church in the Park (formerly the cattle
market) ; the church has been recently repaired \ the inscription is in
bright gilt letters close to the roof— *

MaIorI DeI oLoRliE sanCtI IgnazII honorI pIetas ereXIt. = 167 1
i,e. Piety has erected this {church) to the greater glory of God^ to the
honour of holy Ignatius.

On the pedestal of a statue outside Trinity Church is this inscrip-
tion, difficult to make out through dirt, damage, and decayed paint; it
seems to read thus — if

hIC STAT DesperantVM VerVs et VnICVs patron Vs, = 1732

Le. Here stands the true and only patron of people in despair.

Ot Nicholas, the Jesuits' Church in the Kleinseite, Prague, was
built in 1722 ; these chronograms probably date the particular fresco
decorations on which they are inscribed ; the first inscription is on the
chancel arch — ^

nICoLao antIstItI DICatVM. = 1760

i.e. Dedicated to St. Nicholas^ bishop.

The next is in a chapel of St Anna, close to the principal door — ^
SANCTiE DeI fILII AVIiE honorIbVs saCrVM. = 1771

i,e. Sacred to the honours of the holy grandmother of the Son of God.

Opposite to the same church stands the Trinity-Column, erected
by Charles vi., with these inscriptions — jjc

sIt gLorIa Deo patrI, Deo fILIo, Deo spIrItVI sanCto= 1713
sub gloriosiss: auspiciis augustiss: et invictiss: Roman-
orum Imperatoris Caroli vi., etc. etc,

S.S. trIaDI minor Vrbs pragena Vota ConseCrat. = 1713

i.e. Glory be to God the Father, to God the Son, to God the Holy
Ghost, under the auspices of the most glorious, most august, and un-
conquered emperor, Charles VI., the city of Little Prague dedicates its
vows to the sacred Trinity.

Beneath it is this further inscription, to indicate a further dedica-
tion by the city of Prague in 1869 —

PRAGUE. i8i

InfInIta gLorIa atqVe IVbILatIo tIbI patrI fILIoqVe
pneVMatIqVb sanCto eX hoC nVnC atqVe In CVnCta ^
saeCVLa. = 1869

Le. Endless glory and rejoicing he to thu^ Father^ and Son^ and Holy
Ghosty now and henceforth for ever.

At one side — _

sIt Deo genItorI genItoq: sanCto proCeDbntI ab Vtroq: ^
trInIs par aDoratIo. = 17 13

ue. Glory be to the Father^ and to the Son^ and to the Holy Ghost, pro-
ceeding from both, equal adoration to the three.
Beneath is a lion's head for a water-spout, and ' fons salutis.'

At the other side — _

CreatorI reDeMptorI spIratoq: LargItorI honor et i^
IVbILatIo. =1713

i,e. To the Creator , to the Redeemer, and to the bountiful Spirit be honour
and rejoicing.
Beneath is a lion's head for a water-spout, and ' fons vit».'

In the National Museum at Prague is a porcelain 'breakfast'
cup,^ painted all over with a view of Carlsbad ; underneath outside is
a lion rampant for the Bohemian pottery mark, and at the bottom
inside is painted a horse, whose bridle is held by the hand of
Providence issuing from a cloud, with the motto 'Ad nutum Dei.'
These chronograms are painted outside and inside the brim — ^

VoVet toto eX CorDe terra boheMa eLIsabetrs proLes. = 1721
hoCCe poCVLo therMas CaroLInas feLICIter bIbIt
eLIsabet aVgVsta. = 1721

i,e. The land of Bohemia, the children of Elizabeth, express attachment
with their whole heart; with this cup Elizabeth Augusta drank success-
fully the Carlsbad waters.
Probably Elizabeth Augusta Maria, Electress of Bavaria at this date.

Extracts from ' Acta Litteraria Bohemise et Moraviae,' by Adacutus
Voigt Prague,. 1774. In vol. i, p. 62, a book is mentioned, 'Pauli
Gisbice, Pragensis, periculorum poeticorum partes tres, anno
DoMInICo.' [The date of the book.] =1602

An epigram is mentioned. Ad Georg. Carolidem, on his appoint-
ment as Poet Laureate at Prague, ' In fine epigrammatis adjectum est
chronostichon, annum et diem impositse laureae indicans ' —
LVX VbI septeMbrIs bIs sena est VIsa, poeta
CiGSARlA LeCtVs CaroLVs arCe fVIt. = 1596

i.e. Whefi the 14/^ day of September was seen, the imperial poet Charles
was elected in the fortress [of Prague, the residence of the sovereign].

In vol. 2, p. 119, another book, published at Prague, 1672, by
Georg Weis, is mentioned, the title of which expresses its date.

^ The director of the Museam kindly took this cup out of the case for me, to copy the
inscriptions, 8th October 1880. It is probably unique.

i82 PRAGUE.

'Gloria Universitatis Carola-Ferdinandeae Pragensis trIgInta
trIbVs enCoMIIs orbI DIWLgata.' = 1672

u€. 77u glory of the Charles-Ferdinand university of Prague^ published
to the world in thirty-three encomiums,

A manuscript volume in the British Museum, No. 19998, ' Sigilla
Imperatorum, etc., ex archivis civitatis ^Egrse in Bohemia.' At the
end a small engraving is inserted representing the seal of S. ApoUinaris
College at Prague, inscribed —

VoX CLaMantIs In Deserto propItIatIonIs. = 167 1

i.e. The voice of the propitiation crying in the wilderness.

I stop the printing-press to insert an anecdote which has just fallen under
my notice, in *The Monthly Packet' for January 1882, page 94, where it is
mentioned that the religion of the people of the Tirol is so intensely local
that the saints become realised as home friends, some of them as fellow-
countrymen. This feeling actuated a servant at Carlsbad, in Bohemia, who
was asked what the services were on the festival of St John Baptist, and
answered thus: 'Johann the Baptizer we Catholics do not think much of,
St Johann Nepomuk him we reverence.' The local saint of Prague had
entirely eclipsed the Baptist in her mind.

POLAND. SWEDEN. DENMARK. RUSSIA.

POLAND.

HE history of Poland in the seventeenth century presents
a scene of anarchy, intrigue, war, and confusion. The
monarchy became elective in 1572, and so continued
down to 1791. John Casimir, who reigned from 1648
to 1668, was engaged jfirst in quelling religious contests
among his own subjects, and then in repelling Swedes, Muscovites,
Cossacks, Tartars, and Turks, all of whom had been, in turn, invited
by one or other of the contending parties to assist their particular
interests. He abdicated in 1669, and died as a monk in France in
1672. Michael, Prince Wisniowicski, a weak young man, was pro-
claimed king in 1669, and in his reign the Cossacks and Turks
together ravaged Poland. On his death in 1674, John Sobieski was
nominated by the Diet, and elected king under the title of John ill.,
and it required all his brilliant talents to prevent the kingdom from
falling to pieces. He defeated the invading Turks on 14th October
1676, and again in Austria on nth September 1683. His endea-
vours to regenerate his own country failed in their object ; he was
always thwarted by the factious opposition of some of the nobles.
He died in 1696. Under his successors Poland fell more and more
under the power of Russia, while the internal government was
becoming totally disoiganised. At length came the spoliation.
John Casimir had foretold to the Diet how, by whom, and why
Poland would one day be partitioned ; the first partition, planned by
Frederick II. of Prussia, was in 1772, the second in 1793, the final
in 1795. Russia, Prussia, and Austria, took their respective shares,
and Poland was erased from the list of independent States.

1 84 POLAND.

The chronograms, taken from medals and other sources, are
not numerous. They relate to events within the period above
alluded to.

Lithuania became part of Poland in 1385. Nicolas Radzivil,
Duke of Lithuania, died 12th October 1565 —

oCCIDIs o Croe raDIVILe gLorIa terra /

HEROs IngenIo non CIto taLIs erIt. = 1565

ue, Tkou diesty O Croatian Radzivil^ the glory cf the earthy not soon
will there be such a hero in talent

Stephen Bathory was ' inaugurated ' as king of Poland in 1576 — Bi
regaLI gaVDet stephanVs reX MagnVs honore. = 1576

i,e, Stephen the great king rejoices in the regal honour,

Stephen gained a victory over the people of Danzig, 'ejusdem
victorias memoria hocce chronico texitur.' Bi

Vera pVto regIs LaVs est DoMVIsse sVperbos. = 1577

i,e, I think it is the true glory of a king to have conquered the
proud,

A medal to him on taking the town of Polozk —
bIs Dena aVgVstI nonaqVe poLoCIa Capta est F

LVCe, DoLent hostes Castra rapIt stephanVs. = 1579

i,e. On the twice ten and ninth (29/A) day of August Polozk is taken^
the enemy grieves^ Stephen seizes the fortress.

On the death of the same king, 'Annus s&tatis, regiminis, et obitus
ejus' —

VIX noVIes seX, bIs qVInos reX VIDerat annos,
bIs senI bIs SENA haVsIt noX anXLi MensIs. b= 1586

This makes him 54 years of age and his reign 10 years^ the
rest is obscure, {He was bom in 1532, died in 1586, elected king in
1575.)

A medal in the time of John Casimir (John 11.), King of Poland,
has these inscriptions —

* Numinis atque aquilae Gedanum munimine tutum '
DantIsCI CoeLo ConCorDIa teCta Coronet, = 1653

i,e. Danzig safe in the protection of God and the eagle of Poland. — May
concord crown the dwellings of the people of Danzig in heaven.

The public school of Danzig was founded in 1558, a commemo-
rative medal was struck in 1658, one hundred years after, thus
inscribed —
ANNO gyMnasIo geDanensI seCVLarI. postridie pentacostes

XIII. JUNII. = 1658

i,e. In the centenary year of the school of Danzig^ the day after Pente-
cost^ i^th/une,

A splendid medal, struck 100 years later, relating to the same school
or university, bears these inscriptions, ' Quae Gedani studiis bis centum
claruit annos protege Sancte Deus secula plura domum.'

POLAND, 1 8s

Deo fortVnante athenaeI geDanensIs VotIVa soLennIa
ANNO sVo bIs seCVLarI IDIbVs IVnIIs eXhIbIta. = 1758

Le, By the favour of Gody the solemn offerings of the college of Danzig
(have been) exhibited in its two hundredth year on the Ides of June,

And on the reverse —
GRATA VenIt geDano LVX IVnIa IVnIVs IDVs

gIgnIt athenaeo post DVo seCLa noVas. = 1758

i.e. The pleasant light of June comes to Danzig^ attd June gives birth to -
new Ides after 200 years.

Also the representation of a garden in which a gardener is at work —
' Coeli rorent hominesque laborent sed germina florent.

1758. 13 Jun.'

Another medal to John Casimir (John 11.), represents the globe
encircled with the olive branch of peace, and showing the countries
of France, Sweden, and Poland, with this legend —

CeDant arMa oLeare paX regna serenat et agros. = 1660

i,e. Let arms yield to the olive, and pecue gladden our kingdoms and
lands, [This legend has been applied to the restoration of Charles 11.
of England.]

Medal in honour of John Sobieski (John iii.), King of Poland,
and Maria Casimir his wife, struck ten years after their coronation,
which took place in 1676, bears his portrait and chronogram —
VIVat Iohannes tertIVs reX poLonI^ ChrIstIanorVM
Defensor. = 1686

t,e. Long live John the Third, King of Poland, the defetider of Christian
people.

And her portrait and chronogram —
MarIa regIna poLonIae VIVat proteCtrIX DIVtVrna. = 1686

CORONATI . 2 . FEBR: 1 67 6.

i,e, Maria Queen of Poland, may she long live our protectress. They
were crowned 2d February 1676.

There are many other coronation medals of John iii. not contain-
ing chronograms ; all bear testimony to the great esteem in which he
was held, by inscriptions such as these — ' Coronatur quia protexit.' —
* Tegit et protegit.' — * Virebit.' — * Aurea post lauream/
i,e. The crown of gold after the laurel crown.

Medal to Frederick Augustus i., King of Poland (and Elector of
Saxony as Frederick Augustus 11.) —

eXpetItVr, qVeM Vota DeCent reX saXo poLonIs. = 1697

i.e. The Saxon king of Poland whom our prayers approve of is desired.

Also, NEC ME LABOR ILLE GRAVABIT. — HERCULI SAXONICO. ic, NOT

will thai toil burthen me, — To the Saxon Hercules.

On the death of the heroic John Sobieski, the throne of Poland
was thrown open to the ambition of all candidates, and after much
intrigue this Elector of Saxony succeeded in establishing himself, and
he was crowned at Cracow at the date indicated by the following
medal —

2 A

1 86 POLAND.

EN VICIt DenIqVe DIgnVs, CVIVs pileCInXIt CeLsa Corona
CapVt. = 1697

ue. Lo^ at last one who is worthy has conquered^ whose head a noble
crown has encircled.

Various reverses in war with the Swedes, led by Charles xn.,
resulted in the abdication of Frederick Augustus i., and the election
of Stanislaus Leczinski as King of Poland in 1704. The overthrow
of the power of Sweden at the battle of Fultowa,^ recalled Frederick
Augustus to the throne; a medal with this inscription records the
date of his restoration —

nVbILa sarMatI^ sic sIDera Laeta serenant. = 1709

Le, Thus do the joyful stars dear away the clouds of Sarmaiia,

Stanislaus, instead of offering resistance, fled to Turkey to nego-
tiate peace with Charles xii., who was there also as a refugee, one
condition of which was his own abdication. On the death of
Frederick Augustus i., in 1733, Stanislaus was again elected king;
but, through the influence of Austria and Russia, Frederick Augustus 11.
(son of the first Frederick Augustus) was elected and put on the throne.
I have met with only three chronograms relating to this period of
confusion. Two are on medals of the city of Danzig —
aVgVstI II. regIs PoLoNliE optIMI prInCIpIs eternItatI.
D. L febr. LVgens Vrbs geDanensIs. = 1733

aVgVstI seCVnDI regIs poLonIae patrIs patrIae Mors
InopIna LVgetVr. = 1733

And this on a medal dated 12th September 1733 —
sIChts DoCh Ia reCht aVs aLs ob In poLen aLLes WoLLt
Dass teVfeLs kVkVk hohLen. = 1733

The two following carry us on twenty years further, and have
some relation to the events which terminated, after another twenty
years, in the dismemberment of this unhappy country.

The allusion is to a circumstance 300 years prior to the date indi-
cated by the chronogram.

' Prussici foederis executio per fecialem denunciata Mariaeburgi,
6 Feb. 1454.' (The date when the inhabitants of the Prussian pro-
vinces, weary of the oppression of the Teutonic order, declared them-
selves subjects of Poland)
TER CentVM ante annos CrVCIata thorVnIa noCte

eXCVsso eXVLtat LIbera faCta IVgo. = 1754

GrVX eqVItVM eXCrVCIat prVssos: prVtena poLona

hanC aqVILae eXCVtIVnt reXqVe saLVsqVe regant = 1754

^ See chronograms telating to Russia, p. 193, infra.

SWEDEN--GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, 187

SWEDEN.

THIS group of chronograms relates to events in the reigns of
Gustavus Adolphus and Charles xii., both of whom carried
war into almost every country in northern and central Europe.

Gustavus Adolphus had the appellation of * Lion of the North,'
and was regarded as the bulwark of the Protestants during the Thirty
Years' War. He fell in the battle of Liitzen, struck by a bullet from
behind ; a strong suspicion of assassination rests upon his cousin,
the Duke of Saxe Lauenberg.

Charles xii. was called the * Lion of Sweden,' also the ' Madman
of the North,' on account of his rashness and impetuosity.

Cxustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, a medal commemorating
one of his victories is thus inscribed —
rIga DeVICta VICTORIA VenIt ab aXe

LaVrV VbI gVstaVI CInXIt raDIante CapILLos. = 1621

i.e. Riga being conquered, Victory descends from above, and binds with
a rcuiiant laurel wreath the hair of Gustavus.

A medal to Gustavus was struck after some of his victories, bear-
ing this chronogram —

ChrIstVs DVX ergo trIVMphVs. = 1632

i.e. Christ a guide, therefore a triumph.

Gustavus Adolphus fell at the battle of Liitzen, i6th November
1632. Wallenstein, his opponent, the leader of the Imperial (German)
forces, believed in astrological predictions, and, acting in accordance
thereto, announced that the fortunes of Gustavus would decline in
November of that year.

His death is marked by this chronogram, which I find only in the
German albums, British Museum mss.. No. 15845 —

saLVator PATRliE MorItVr gVstaWs aDoLphVs. = 1632

i.e. Gustavus Adolphus the saviour of his country is dead.

1 he following extracts, relating chiefly to Gustavus Adolphus, are
from a volume of political and satirical engravings (British Museum,
press-mark 789. g. 24), lettered on the back * German Balkds, Prints,
etc., published during the Thirty Years' War,' i.e. from 16 18 to 1648.
Some of the sheets are dated by chronograms which are curious,
although of no particular merit.

No. 2. A portrait of Gustavus Adolphus, is dated —
eXoptatVs aDest ChrIsto pVgnante trIVMphVs. = 1632

And beneath is the following : —
DVrCh gott Der sChWaChen ChrIstenheIt ") =6

ICh frIsCh beIsprIng zVr trVben zeIt. j "~ '^^

No. 4 commences m do xix

frIDerICVs I. reX hyeMIs • =1619

XX. XXI. XXII. XXIII. XXIV. XXV. XXVI.

ET ^statIs : fIt : six : & erIt : Ingens : BOHEliE : In annos :

XXVII. XXVIII. XXIX. XXX.

nestorIs : satIs : benIgn^ : serIos. [This I cannot explain.]

i88 SWEDEN— G USTA VUS ADOLPHUS,

Then follow some German lines about Frederick the First \ and
his portrait appears in an oval frame surrounded with roses Rowing
on the stem twining up the dexter side, whilst on the sinister side the
stem is without flowers, and leafless, indicating sununer and winter.

No. 14 shows a large medal to Gustavus Adolphus. The obverse
represents the king in triumph, the reverse him dead on the ground ;
below are some descriptive verses in five languages, and this date —
ANNO : gVstaVVs Is geVeLt, Maer sVeDen staet In 't
VeLt. s= 1632

No. 37 bears this motto, but no other date —

DeVs eXerCItWM pVgnat pro nobIs. = 1632

No. 39 is an engraving crowded with satirical devices of politi-
cal and religious controversy, with mottoes running in all directions.
The title is—

MartInVs LVtherVs ss. THEoLocIiE D. =1617

Redivivus . h . e.
Antitypus orthodoxiae religionis christiano-Lutheranse et Idolomaniae
Pontificiae, etc. etc. Among the mottoes, this one is inscribed on a
descending ray of light —

soLa gratIa fIDeqVe saLVaMVr. Rom. 5. v. 2. = 16 17

And at the foot of the sheet. Anno 161 7- 16 18 —
Last Vns IaVhzen DeM gott Vnsers heILs. = 161 7

IVbILeMVs Deo saLVtarI nostro. Ps. 95. v. i. = 1618

No. 54, dated 1632, represents a military procession concerning
Gustavus Adolphus. At foot of the sheet is —
gVstaWs aDoLphVs MIt gott erWehLter konIg. = 1632

No. 55 represents the city of Augsburg, and the King of Sweden
on horseback \ and at foot of the sheet —

aVgspVrg DIe Werthe gottes staDt \ _ ^

spVret nVn gottes reIChe gnaD. j ^

No. 70 represents the city of Magdeburg on fire, etc. At foot of
the sheet, Im Jahr —
heVr VVIrd MagDebVrg VnVerhofft geroChen. = 1636

No. 78 also relates to Magdeburg, dated loth May 163 1, and at
foot of the sheet. Anno —

so DIr beVWst 1st gottes Lehr, \ =16^1

bLeIb DV DarbeI sIe nIt Verkehr. j ^

No. 89 is headed, * Die fressende Ratte,' and at foot is —
Desz tILLI VVVten WIrD Ietzt eIn enDe seIn. = 1631

General Tilly barbarously sacked Magdeburg on loth May 1631.

MEDAL to Charles xii. of Sweden, inscribed * Heros Christianus,*
represents the burning bush on Horeb, the name Jehovah,
and *Electus quis erit juvenis.' 'Jeremiah 50. v. 44.' Also this
chronogram —

SWEDEN— CHARLES XIL 189

ConCorDI fIrMVs ab Igne. — Exodus iil = 1708

ue. Strong from the friendly fire. The allusions are to his campaigns
in Silesia.

A medal alluding to the same campaigns represents a figure of
Religion seated on a rock exposed to storms, a star shining above,
and ' Hoc redemptore,' with this chronogram — G

Dat PRESSiE totIes sLEsIiE pIa steLLa saLVteM. = 1708

/>. The pious star gives safety to Silesia so often oppressed.

Another medal of Charles xii. represents the town of Ohlau, and
bears these chronograms — G

nVnCIat ILLe DIeM. = 1708

InnoCVo ore preCes MorDens res astra fatIgant. = 1707

sLesIa rege saCro CaroLo preparata per ora 1

InfantVM CoeLo fert CeLebrata preCes. j = 1707

The next medal relates to Charles xii., and the device seems to
represent some religious movement in Silesia, and indicates him by
the title Lion of Swedea The device shows Noah's ark, as the type
and symbol of the Church, floating in the distance, groups of boys
and girls on ' Mount Fiscali' in the attitude of prayer, and a flight of
doves with olive branches; inscribed, Multiplicatio columbae
spiritu vaticinantur pueri puellaeque ante diem Domini
insignem ; Gen. viii. 1 1. Num. xi. 26. Joel iii. The
reverse has this chronogram only — G

serMo Leone DeI sVeCo sLesIvE stat In orA. = 1708

Translation suggested: The multiplication of the dove, boys and girls
prophesy through the spirit before the great day of the Lord (Genesis ,
Numbers, Joel). The Word of God stands in the country of Silesia,
thanks to the Lion of Sweden,

Medal to Charles xii. on his return from refuge in Turkish terri-
tory, after his unsuccessful campaigns against Peter of Russia,
inscribed, Aus orient stellt sich der held der frevervdig
macht die nordische weld, per CaroLVM tIbI reDIbIt G
saLVs. = 1 7 14

i.e. From the East comes the hero who makes joyous the northern world.
Through Charles safety will return,

Charles was born 17th June 1682, died 30th November 1718, at
the age of 36. He showed from his earliest yo^ith great self-will and
obstinacy, with an excessive fondness for military exercises. A marble
pyramid was erected to his memory at the town of Friedrichshall,
where he was killed by a cannon-shot, with these inscriptions — F

MortIfero gLobo ICtVs hoC LoCo et hoC anno oCCVbVIt; = 17 18
et sibi mortem, suis fugam, quas nobis destinabat, ipse
maturavit bellicosissimus Sueciae rex, Carolus xii., qui
iterato fnistra impetu, munimenti hujus et regni, abhInC
ANTE bIennIVM NGN sIne hostIs CiEDfi oppVgnatI proprius= 1 7 16

I90 SWEDEN^CHARLES XI L

avitisque vestigiis non deterritus oppugnator divino hie

fato cecidit, et propugnatorum imperterritae fortitudini

propriam adhuc et perpetuam reliquit victoriam, quam

DehInC post bIennIVM InseCVta fVIt pax victo hosti= 1720

extorta victrici patriae vindicata, felici auspicio et moder-

amine victoris et pacificatoris invictissimi Daniae et

Norwagiae, regis Friderici quarti, cui Dominus adjutor !*

(He invaded Norway in 17 16 and again in 17 18.) The foregoing

chronograms may be thus translated —

He fell struck by a deadly ball at this place and in this year^ i.e. 1718.

T^o years before he attacked not without slaughter of the enemy,

i.e. 1 7 16.

Ikuo years afterwards peace followed, i,e. 1720.

Frederick i. (Landgrave of Hesse Cassel) succeeded to the throne
in the year indicated thus on a medal — Hd

VIVat frIDerICVs prIMVs reX sVeCIa, = 1740

i.e. Long live Frederick Firsts King of Sweden,

DENMARK.

PEACE and goodwill seem to have prevailed in this country
during the chronogrammatic period, a contrast indeed with
the preceding group concerning the neighbouring Sweden.

A book, < Rerum Danicarum historia, etc. Studio et opera Gas-
paris Lorchiensis. Francfort, 1593.' Some State ceremonies are
mentioned, with a large engraving of an assembly, subscribed with
this chronogram —

Pax Stettini inter Danos, Suecos, et Lubecenses facta.
steDtInI CiESAR reX gaLLVs saXo poIx)nVs,

paCe DanIs sWeCos LVna IVnXere noVenbrI {sic). = 1570

i.e. The peace of Stettin made between the Danes and the people of
Lubeck, At Stettin the Emperor^ the King of France, and the Saxo-
Polish king joined the Danes and Swedes in peace in the month of
November,

Frederick 11., King of Denmark, died 4th April 1588, in the
thirtieth year of his reign. The chronogram, and the very curious
enigma in hexameter and pentameter verse which foUows, both
express the date —
rege hInC abrepto frIDerICo DanIa LVget, /

VIX ILLI posthaC par habItVra CapVt. t= 1588

i.e. Denmark mourns, Frederick the king being taken hence, scarcely
hereafter to have a head like to him.

DENMARK. 191

Enigma continens annum obitus.

Quo Deus explevit coelum terramque diebus, = 6

Anni quot vixit tempora primum Adam, = 930

Quot periere rubri cumis Pharaonis in unda, = 600

Quot genuit Jacob pignora mascla thori, = 12

Quot Sinai Dominus leges in vertice sanxit, = 10

Quot Samson rigido perdidit ense viros. = 30

Annos innumerum tot collige, lector, habebis

Quo mortem Danias rex Fridericus obit. =s 1588

i.e. Enigma containing the year of his death.

The days in which God created the heavens and the earth, =s 6

The niunber of years Adam lived, = 930

How many chariots of Pharaoh were lost in the Red Sea, = 600

How many sons were bom to Jacob, =: 12

How many laws God ordained on Sinai, = 10

How many men Samson slew, = 30

Reader, you will thus gather the number of the year in which

Frederick, King of Denmark, died. = 1588

Medal on his death at Arcton —
aprILIs qVarto soL trIstIs In athere LVget, Mb

CVr? CaDIt arCtoo reX frIDerICVs agro. = 1588

ue. The sad sun in the sky mourns on the fourth day of Aprils Why f
The King Frederick falls on the field of Arcton,

Medal to Louisa, Queen of Denmark and Norway, wife of
Frederick iv., represents her portrait, and on the reverse a shell on
the sea-6hore containing a precious pearl, on which the sun is shining,
in allusion to the belief that pearls are so produced. The chrono-
gram gives the year of her birth. The medal was struck after her
death in 1767 — G

ET SPES ET GEMlNifi DeCVs CORONifi. r= 1706

i,e. Both the hope and the ornament of the twin crotvns.

Medal to Frederick iv. (on his return from Italy), Frederick
Augustus I., King of Poland, and Frederick of Prussia — G

ConIVngIt aMor frIDerICos. = 1709

i>. Love unites the Fredericks,

Medal represents the heads of the same three Fredericks, arranged
in a triangle, with this hexameter — G

sic BENE responDet nVMero perfeCtIo trInI. = 1709

i,e. Thus perfection well answers to the number three.

Medal to Frederick iv. on the birth of the hereditary prince
Frederick, son of Christian, on 31st March 1723, and who subsequently
reigned as Frederick v. —

prInCeps freDerICVs aVo patrIqVe a Deo DatVs. = 1723

i,e. Prince Frederick is given by God to his ancestor and to his country.

Medal to Frederick iv. on the birth of the same prince. Around
the margin is this key to the chronogram, which is not composed of
the Roman numerals —

192

DENMARK,

A=i. B=2. C=3. D=4. E=s. F=:6. G=7. H=8. 1=9. L=io.
M=2o. N=30. 0=40. P=5o. Q=6o. R=7o. S=8o. T=9o. V=ioo.
W=2oo. X=3oo. Y=4oo. Z=5oo. And in the centre is this chronogram,
of which all the letters must be used, by adding each word into a total The
large letters in the first word Vl VE, signify 4=:Frederick the Fourth.

Le, Mayest thou Ivve^ Frederick IV.
O father, O guardian^ and safety of
thy country.

Medal to Christian vi. of Denmark, on the occasion of his journey
about the country. It represents the king riding in a chariot through
a mountainous region, and the inhabitants observing him —
eXCIpe nVnC borea sVbIto tVa gaVDIa regeM. = 1733

/>. Receive at once the king, thy joy, O northern region I

VIVE

= 214

FRIDERICE !

= l8l

0 PATER

= 256

0 PATRIAE

= 266

CVRA

= 174

SALVSQVE

= 436

TVAEl

= 196

NATAL. LIX, OCT.

XI. 1723

RUSSIA.

T T TAR again is foremost and alone in the chronograms relating
V y to this country. The military successes of Peter the Great
are the only subject of them.

Medals relating to Peter the Great of Russia, on the establishment
of a naval force in the Baltic, a view of St. Petersburg, on one
side —

haeC fortIa MoenIa ConDIt. = 1703

Le, He builds these strong walls.

And on the other side, Neptune with his trident—
fInna eCCe trIDenteM. = 1702

i,e, Finland, behold the trident.

Another, * Novum Castrum.'
sic MagnIs CeDIt. Ovid. = 1703

Le, Thus it yields to the great.

Another, Torpatum in fidem recept 14 Jul. s.v.
aCCIpIt In MeDIo. Ovid. = 1704

On the capture of Narva in Livonia —
CeCIDere ab orIgIne prIMa . narva vi capta . 9. avg. s.v. = 1704
i.e. ITiey have fallen from their first origin, Narva taken by storm
<^ih August, old style {stylo vetere).

RUSSIA. 193

Another on the same event — Hd

torMento ponDerIs aCtI praeCIpItat. Virgil, iEn. ii. 316. = 1704
Le. It falls as if by the stroke of an engine.

On the siege of Leesno. Peter on a galloping horse — Hd

reDIt e CertaMIne VICtor. = 1708

i,e. The conqueror has returned from the conflict.

gLorIosa VICtorIa aD LeesnaM. 28 . Sep. s. v. = 1708

i.e. The glorious victory of Leesno. iSth September, old style.

On the battle of Pultowa in Russia, where Charles xii. of Sweden
was utterly defeated on 27 th June, old style —

poLtaVa MIra CLaDe InsIgnIs. = 1709

i.e. Pultawa remarkable for its amazing slaughter.

On the capture of Riga on 8th July, old style —
rIga reDIt rVssIs apto CertaMIne CastrIs. = 1710

i.e, Riga returns to the Russian's camp after a stout contest.

On the capture of Dunamunde, 15th August, old style —
CessItIs parIter bene MosChIs ostIa DVNiE. = 1710

/>. Dunamunde^ thou hast yielded well to the Russians.

On the capture of Kexholme, 8th September, old style —
IMperIo LaetI paret CareLa graDIVI. = 17 10

i.e, Kexholm obeys the rule of the joyful Gradivus^ or warrior.

On the capture of Revel, 1 4th June, old style, * Rectius i o. Octob.' —
pr^DoMInante PETRI soLIo reVeLIa CessIt. = 1 7 10

i.e. The throne of Peter being predominant, Revel has yielded.

On the capture of Elbingen, loth February, old style —
eLbInga MartIaLI InDVstrIa Capta. = 17 10

i.e, Elbingen taken by military skill.

Another medal, *Pernavium capt 21. Aug. s.v.,' and this quota-
tion from the poet Silius, reMeante DIe VICtrICIa sIgna. == 17 10

Another medal, *Sueci in Pelkinum amnem victi 6. Oct. s.v.,'
and this quotation from Claudian, sVb te CeCIDere trIVMphIs. = 17 13

On a naval victory near Aland, 27 th July, old style —
VICtorIa naVaLIs prope aLanDIaM. = 17 14

Medal relating to events at Petersburg or Stockholm, to peace-
making or an inundation (?) —
NBOPoLI post belli In septenbrIone DILVVIVM. = 1721

Some Latin verses, on the setting free of about 1300 people of

Moscow, who were concerned in some political troubles, have this
title— Ra

pLaVDentes MosChI LIberatI. = 1708

2 b

FRANCE.

^ OMPARED with Germany and Belgium, this coutitiy is
not celebrated for chronograms, for throughout the
length and breadth of the land I have not observed
one inscribed on either building or monument. This
group is gathered entirely from books, and many of
the examples may be accepted as of French authorship, while others
are undoubtedly Flemish, those for instance relating to the Dukes of
Burgundy, and where the letter D is not counted as a numeral. A
few belonging to the latter part of the fourteenth century are interest-
ing, as being contemporaneous in composition with the dates they
represent, and (so far as these examples can be taken as conclusive)
showing that chronograms were used in France at an earlier period
than in any other part of Europe. Some of the political chrono-
grams may be of German authorship.

FROM * Messager des sciences historiques des arts et de la Biblio-
graphie de Belgique,' a periodical published at Ghent,^ vol. for
1851, p. 78. An old writer, Jean Taillefier, dit Flerus, is quoted for
some old epigrams, ' but what pleased him most was chronograms, and
here are some belonging to a period when they were not common.'
Charles VII. of France was crowned at Rheims on 17th July 1429,
when the Duke of Burgimdy held independent territory in the eastern
parts of France and in Flanders, and was in alliance with England.
At this time disaster befell the English forces ; and Henry vi. of
England lost all his possessions in France except Calais. The French
were aroused into activity by Joan of Arc, who achieved her great
success on 13th June 1429 —

^ This work will be quoted again at a later page in this volume.

FRANCE— DUKES OF BURGUNDY, 195

reMIs saCratVr karoLVs franCIe

ERGO frVstratVr henrICVs angLIe. = 1429

i,e. Charles of France is consecrated at Rheims, therefore Henry of
England is frustrated.

On the destruction of Dinant —
CeCIdIt dInant totalis destrVCtIo Magna. = 1360

The author remarks ' that here is a mistake, a word is omitted :
Dinant was destroyed in 1466.'

On the assassination of the Duke of Orleans on the 25th of
November, St. Clement's day —
Le dVC d'orLeans trepassa

Le saInt CLeMent poInt ne passa. = 1407

i,e. The Duke of Orleans died ere Saint Clemenfs day hcul passed away.
The letters d are not counted.

This one alludes probably to the conspiracy of Pierre Andricas,
which, as the Li^ge historians say, occurred in 1331 ; there is, however,
a slight discrepancy between the alleged date and that given by this
chronogram —
CernItVr LeodII sedItIo spInosa

qVInta janVarII nIMIs perICVLosa. = 1332

i,e, A thorny {or irritating) sedition is discovered at Liige on, the exceed-
ingly dangerous ^th day of January, The letter d is not counted. The
antiquity of this chronogram is not asserted ; the character of the
composition is rather that of a century or two later.

A BOOK, * Les Bigarrures du Seigneur Des Accords,' Paris, 1662,
J^\^ contains a curious collection of verbal eccentricities and some
chronograms ; the following relate to the last four Dukes of Burgundy,
and the author says they are the oldest he has met with.^

The first, on Philip the Bold—
aVdaCes Mors CiECA neCat. = 1405

i,e. Blind death slays the bold. The letter D is not counted.

The second, on John the Fearless, who was assassinated at Mon-
tereau in the presence of the Dauphin —

toLLe toLLe CrVCIfIge eVM sI Vis. = 1419

i,e. Take him away^ crucify him if ye will.

The third, on Philip the Good^ his son, the most powerful Duke
in the world —

CeCIdIt IbI LVCerna prInCIpVM. = 1466

/>. The light of princes there fell. The D is not counted,

Another —
eCCb obsCVratVs est soL prInCIpVM. =: 1467

i.e. Lol the sun of princes is obscured,

^ The date, however, must be set down as 1476, that of the last of the series.

196 FRANCE— DUKES OF BURGUND K

The fourth, on Charles the Bold, killed at the battle of Nancy on
4th January 1477, <>r> according to the old French method of reckon-
ing, 1476. (It is elsewhere given as the last line of the inscription on
his tomb at Nancy) —
noCte regVM sVCCVbVIt CaroLVs. ^ =1476

The author of the 'Nanc^ide' says, ^luibasti ainsi cet hexametre
forc^ et avec peu de sens' —
CaroLVs hIC IanI qVInta sis VInCo regnatVM.

The author's remark is correct ; he might also have observed that
this makes only 1376 ; the battle was fought in 1476.

The battle of Gravelines, in which the rebels of Ghent were de-
feated by the Duke * Phillippes,* 2d July 1453, is expressed by 'this
old numeral verse ' —

peChIA sans ConsCIenCe est La Mort des gantoIs. = 1453

i.e. Transgression without conscience is death to the people of Ghent.
The D is not counted.

The battle of Montlh^ry, |^th July 1465, between Louis xi. and
the Duke Charles of Burgundy, is well marked by this war-cry —
a CheVaL, a CheVaL, gendarMes, a CheVaL. = 1465

i,e. To horse, to horse^ soldiers^ to horse. The letter d is not counted.

On the coronation of Francis i. of France in 1517 —
tIbI CherVbIn et seraphIn InCessabILI VoCe proCLa-
Mant. = 1517

i.e. To thee cherubim and seraphim with incessant voice cry out, [He
came to the throne in 1515.]

A merry song, * lodelle,' in a masquerade at Paris to King Henry 11.
on the recovery of Calais from the English, 7th January 1558, con-
tained this line —

Magna tIbI Capto ConCessIt CVra CaLeto. = 1558

i>. Care has conceded to thee grecU things, Calais being tctken.

On the entry of the Duke de Mayenne into Dijon, this hexameter
and pentameter verse was put over a grand gateway. The chrono-
gram gives the year, the second line expresses the month —
CaroLVs eXCIpItVr prInCeps Mente eCCe benIgna, = 1574

PRESAGIT FAUSTUM JULIUS IMPERIUM.

i,e, Pritue Charles is received, lot with a benignant mind ; July foretells
a happy empire.

On a young soldier named Patrice, who was drowned while bath-
ing in the Garonne at Toulouse. I suppose the body was washed
ashore —
AH perIt et CeLerI fLagrans patrICIVs aMnI ;

ILLVdens Ipse reddIdIt ossa LoCo. = 1569

i.e. Illustrious Patrice, alas, perishes in the swift river ; which, mocking,
returns the bones to the place. The letters d are not counted.

On the author's companion at Carcassonne, named Pierre Moret,
when he took his degree —

FRANCE.

197

Vt faVeant ASTRiCA tIbI phoebVsqVe benIgnVs,

heVs tVa VIrtVtIs seMIna qVIsqVe VIDet. = 1568

/>. Astrcta and kind Phosbus how they favoured thee ; ho then I every
one sees thy seeds of virtue.

On the birth of a son to M. le Vicomte de Tavannes, by the author
of * Les Bigamires ' —

Mense sVb aprILI taVanVs nasCItVr Infans \

qVI proaVos ataVosqVe refert, faLLentIa neC sVnt f _ o

QViE DEA FATIdICo PRiESAOlA PR/ETVLIt ORE, T "" 'S^I

I qVo fata trahVnt pVer o generose paterna. )

t.e. In the month of April Tavanus the infant is born who bears the
stamp of his ancestry^ nor are the presages false which the goddess
uttered with prophetic fpouth : go, O noble bey, whither thy paternal
fates draw thee. The letters d are not counted.

Some verses written by the same author on having heard a play
recited on the history of Judith, which, for some reason not clearly
explained, make the date 1570 —

GESTA bona IVdIth doCtIs Ita VersIbVs ornas, ]

Hos Vt qVI reLeget, toto VIdIsse pVtarIt > =1570

hanC ConIVranteM In CapVt eXItIaLe tIrannI. )
Le. The good Jeeds of Judith thou dost celebrate in learned verses, so that
he who reads them shall think he has seen her, etc. etc. The letters d
are not counted.

On the death of Madeleine of Nassau, Countess of Namur, who
died, as the author states, * mil v c . lxvii.' (1567 ?) —
hIC VbI MagdaLena IaCet nassoVIa, Candor ) _ 4:0

Cana fIdes et honos, IntegrItasq: IaCent. j — 'S^o

i.e. Here where lies Magdalena of Nassau, there also lie uprightness,
ancient faith, honour, and integrity. The letters d are not counted.

The same in French, and described as somewhat 'rude,' and
* therefore an example to be avoided ' —

Le CerCVeIL oU MagdeLene repose

IntegrIt^ IoInt La foY tIent en CLose.^

} = 1568

' It is written in the annals of France,' that on bringing to baptism
the infant Charles viii. of France, on entering the church the priests
chanted some verses containing the following chronographic words,
adapted from Psalm 65. v. 11, which were regarded as a good
omen. They give the date of his birth, 1469, while history gives it
as 1470 \ the discrepancy arises probably from the old French method
of reckoning the year to commence at the March quarter —
In stILLICIDIIs eIVs LiETABlTVR, et beneDICes Corona. = 1469
The verse in the English translation is, * Thou crownest the year with
thy goodness; and thy paths drop fatness.^

* The letter v in this line counts as li = 2.

198 FRANCE,

At Paris, at the * hostel/ over a chamber of the Counts, this was
Written in letters of blue —
aV teMps dV roI CharLes Lk hVIt

CestVI hosteL fVt ConstrVIt. = 1484

Le. In the time of Charles VIIL the king^ this house was built. The
letter d is not counted.

A CERTAIN old traveller, whose name is not mentioned,^ saw at
Jr\^ the town of Chiers (or Chieri), in Piedmont, over the door of
the town-hall, the arms of France and these lines, indicating that
Charles viii. lodged there in 1494, and that Louis xi. also lodged
there in 1454 (or i453?)—

CY HERBERGEA ChARLeS PREU ROY DES GAULX, ) _

La datte Y faY par Lettres nUMeraULX. • / ^^^

PAR Ces deUX Vers dessoUbz tU peUsCoMprendre ) _

qUand roY LoYs son pere Y VoULt desCendre. ] ^^^

The letters y count as i. The letters d are not counted.

THE three following are from ' Les Bigarrures/ already quoted.
Francis i., King of France, was taken by the Emperor
Charles v. at the battle of Pavia, on the 24th February 1^5, and
remained a prisoner at Madrid imtil the year following. These three
lines date the event ; the first gives the year and day —
oCCVbVere aqVILa trIa LILIa LVCe MATHliE. = 1525

i,e. The thru lilies fell before the eagle on Saint Mathia^s day.

The other two lines mark the year only ; the apparent discrepancy
of date is explscined by the old French custom of reckoning the year
from Easter —

aqVILa ConCVLCaVIt LILIVM. = 1524

Le, The eagle trod down the lily,

CeCIdIt Corona nostra: Vah qVIa peCCaVIMVs. = 1524

/>. Our crown fell: alasy because we have sinned. The letter d is not
counted. This is adapted from the Book of Lamentations, c. 5.
V. 16.

The following also alludes to the same event —
regIa sVCCVMbVnt pVgnaCIs LILIa gaLLL = 1525

i,e. The royal lilies of the pugnacious cock surrender.

An old engraving, a portrait of Henry iii. of France, bears this
allusion to his assassination by Jacques Clement, a friar, on ist
August 1589—

< Distichon arithmeticum quod annum mensem et diem quo rex
Gallise Henricus tertius a monacho quodam Jacobino trucidatus est,
complectitur.'

^ Quoted from ' Dissertation sur les chronogiammes. '

FRANCE. 199

CLaVIgerI C^ebrat qVa LVCe eCCLesIa CEPHiE

VInCLa CVCVLLIgerI hIC sCeptIger ense IaCet. = 1589

Le, On the day when the church celebrates the chains of the key-bearing
Cephcu^ this bearer of the sceptre fcUls under the sword of the wearer of
a hood. The day here defined is that of St. Peter in chains, the ist
August

The author of * Les Bigarrures' says that this is on the bell of the

* clock tower of the Tuileries,' giving the date of its manufacture —
CharLes roI VoLt en Ce CLoCher )

Cette nobLe CLoChe a CroCher > =1372

faItte poVr sonner ChaCVne heVr. )
' La date esdits trois vers d'asseur,

* Par Jean Jouvenet fut montfe,

* Qui de cet art ot renommfe.'

i>. Charles the king wished in this tower this noble bell to hang^ made
to strike each hour. This chronogram seems to be one of a genuine
early date ; that is, if it was really inscribed on the bell.

THE following are from ' Notes and Queries/ as extracts from a
French newspaper of 1876, where it is remarked that the art
of chronogram-making is nearly lost. In the last century some work-
men of Lille practised it, and these simple specimens were preserved
by tradition in the family of their employers.

On the occasion of the repair of a workshop —
grand DIeV r^panDez Vos graCes sVr Ce LIeV. = 1722

i.e. Great Gody spread thy grace upon this place.

On the death of a workman —
prIons poVr nICoLas Ioseph DereVX D]feCAD£. = 1773

i.e. Let us pray for Nicolas Joseph Dereux^ deceased.

On the repair of some apparatus of the workshop —
VoILa L'ann^e D*Vn fonD neVf poVr La petIte CHAVDIkRE.= 1778
i.e. See the year of a new bottom to the little copper.

The reader may truly say here are but three steps from the sublime
to the ridiculous.

THE following sixteen chronograms are quoted from * Nouvelle
Encyclopedic Thtologique,' by L'AbW Migne, 1852, vols.
XXX. and xxxl (British Museum, press-mark 2013). And from
' Thesaurus Epitaphiorum Veterum,' by P. Labb^. Paris, 1668. 8°.
(British Museum, press-mark 14405. bb.) It is by no means certain
that these * epitaphs' were really engraved on the tombs of these
distinguished persons, or that they are of strictly P'rench authorship.

Catharine Brantone died 13th May 1636, age 80. Epitaph —
LVsTRA bIs oCto eXpLens CatharIs barantonIa MaII

Vno aC bIsseXto soLe reCepta poLo est. = 1636

i.e. Catharine Brantone having lived twice eight lustra, was received
into the skies on the i$th day of May.

200 FRANCE.

Christopher de Thou, first President of the French Parliament,
died 1582 —

fatIs ConCessIt qVA noCte thVanVs, opaCo;
TROS pVer k CceLo Mane rVebat aqVas. = 1582

Ferminus Durius (no particulars about him) —
TE bIsseptenA MartI rapIt atropos orbI,

IVsTA BEAT, DVrI, te tVa VIta poLIs. =3 1578

qVatorze IoVes en Mars DoVrI tV trepassas,

ET Vn pesant regres A TON paIs Lessas. = 1578

Le. On the 14M day of Marchy Atropos snatches thee from the worlds
O DurtuSy thy just life makes thee happy in the heavens.

Michael Violaeus, Abbot of St Euartius, at Orleans —
hICCe dIe MaII bIssepteno VIoLiEVs

sIdera ConsCendIt, CVI dIVtVrna qVIes. = 1591

t,e. Here Vicious, on the i/^h of May, ascends the heavens. May he
rest for ever / The letters d are not counted.

Pierre Pithou, French jurist and author, died 1596 —
si dIVas LVgere pLaCet, LVcete CAMcENiE:

pIthceVs Vester pIthIVs oCCVbVIt. = 1596

i.e. If it is permitted to the gods to mourn, mourn ye muses, Pithou your
Fittheus ^ is dead. The d is not counted.

Remigius Bellicus (no particulars about him) —
rosTERA LVX seXta est MartI, tIbI, beLLaqVe Vates
qVa faCIVnt soCIo LVCtIbVs eXeqVIas. = 1577

Petrus Monavius, German physician, said to have died 12th May
1588. His epitaph concludes with this verse, giving the year, month,
and day —
trIstI orIt CeLso LUX SEXTiE oCtobrIs ab aXe,

MonaVIo Ut CeLerIs stat ne CIs hora pIo. = 1603

There is something wrong here. The chronogram gives fifteen
years more than the date in the earlier part of the inscription ; at
least it is all sic in the authority from which I transcribe it.

Pieter van Forest, a physician (no particulars about him)—
eVICtVs fato CVbat haC sVb MoLe forestVs,

hIppoCrates bataVIs sI fVIt, ILLe fVIt. = 1597

i.e. ForestuSy conquered by fate, lies under this mound. A Dutch Hippo-
crates, if ever there wcu one, he was.

Femelius, probably Jean Francois Femel, French physician and
author, who died in 1558 —
ConIVge ferneLIVs rapta perCVLsVs, Vt aVL^e,

Vt LVCIs satVr Vt noMInIs InterIIt. = 1558

i.e. Fernel, overwhelmed with the loss of his wife, perished as one replete
with court, and light, and fame.

^ King of Trcezene, in Argolis, famous for his learning and wisdom.

FRANCE, 20I

Louis XIII., King of France and Navarre, chronogram by P. Jean
Henry Aubry,^ giving the day, month, and year of birth, 27th Septem-
ber 1 60 1 —
nasCerIs o ! qVantIs regno eXoptate tot annos, ^

reX VotIs patrIas dIgnVs obIre VICeIs. ( _ 5 •

septeMberqVe tVos LodoICe sIbI arrogat, ortVs X —10

fVLsIt eI Vt VICIes terqVe qVaterqVe dIes. )
i,e. Thou artbortiy oh for how many years wished for by the kingdom^
worthy as a king to wield thy country s sceptre. September claims thy
birth^ when the day twentieth^ three and four {i,e. the 27M) shines. The
letters d are not counted.

Louis Bourbon, Duke of Enghien, bom on the day of the nativity
of the Virgin Mary, the 8th September 162 1—
erIgcnes orerIs sIgno LodoICe, dIeqVe

qVa sortIta ortVs Iessea VIrgo sVos. \ = 16 i

pr6 ! soCIIs orerIs slNiE qVI VIrgInIs astrIs — 2

haC geMInA prInCeps aVspICe qVantVs erIs I
t,e, O Louis^ thou art bom under the sign of the virgin (Erigone), and
on the day on which the Blessed Virgin was bom, Ahy thou who art
born under the friendly stars of the two virgins^ how great a prince wilt
thou be with these double auspices ! The letter d is not counted.

Armand Bourbon, Prince of Cond^, was born on Thursday, nth
October 1629, at five o'clock in the morning —
oCtobrI VndeCIes soL ora ostenderat : hora \

qVInta erat: atqVe IoVI rIt^ statVta dIes. f _ ^.

enIXa iETHEREAS VenIt genItrICe sVb aVras I ^

ContIVs henrICo MargarItaqVe satVs. )

i,e. The eleventh sun hath shown his face to October; it was -the fifth
hour; and the day was that properly dedicated to Jove ; when Condi,
the son of Henry and Margaret ^ came into the world. The letters d are
not counted.

Anne Bourbon, Duchess of Longueville, bom 27 th August 1619-

aVgVsTE Ol QVaNTO DECoRARIs HONORE, VICENiE
SEPTENiEQVE dIeS Vt nItVeRE tIbI,

borbonIdVM dea regaLI de sangVIne nata 1 _ ^^

eXORItVR, dIo QViE PRiElT ORE DEAS t ^

thraX, pater, aLCIdes, phcebVs pro VIrgIne Certant I
frVstrA . Ipso sponsa est dIgnIor Vna IoVe. /

i,e. O august one^ with what honour art thou decorated when the 21th
day shone on thee; * a goddess born of the royal blood of the Bourbons
arises, etc, etc. The letters d are not counted.

The following were formerly to be seen at Paris (from * Nouvelle
Encyclop^die,' already quoted), over the door of the H6tel de
Dauphin^, near the streets des Boucheries et des Quatre-vents —

^ He is said to have written the four chronograms which follow.

2 C

ii 1019 —

202 FRANCE— PARIS, LOUIS XIV,

Meta De^ CARNiE saCra esto paXqVe sIt Intra. = 1717

i,e. Let this boundary be consecrated to the * Dea Camay and let there
be peace within. The numerals here come in natural order.

Sur la maison attenant, appel^e TEp^e royale, also m natural order —
OS MaDeat baCCho: thoraX eXhaVrIat Ignes. = 1727

i.e. Let the mouth be moist with wine; let the throat drink down fires.

Dans rintdrieur du susdit hotel —
eX Mutata Domus CandesCit piX VelutI niX. = 1736

This chronogram is very faulty.

At the street des Quatre-vents, also in natural order —
oMnes porta DeCet: neC obeX eXasperat atroX. = 1730

LA ROCHELLE, the well-known seaport on the west coast of
France, the stronghold of the Protestant party, was taken after
a siege of thirteen months by CardinaV Richelieu in the time of
Louis XIII., who thus destroyed the political influence of theCalvinists
in France. The following chronograms are from a book, * P. Bertii de
aggeribus et pontibus, hactenus ad mare exstructis : Paris, 1629;' to
be seen in the Lambeth Palace Library. On the title-page is a medal
representing a plan of Rochelle, and ' Rupella capta,' and these words
of the prophet Ezekiei, pronounced against the city of Tyre —
oMnes qVI te VIDent e gentIbVs obstVpesCent sVper te.

EZECH. 28. = 1628

i.e. (in the words of the English translation of verse 19), All they that
know thee among the people shall be astonished at thee.

The next has allusion to the island de Rd, in the vicinity, used by
the English fleet aiding the defence —
tV DIVIsIstI In stVpore CapIta potentIVM. = 1627

The author remarks that the prophet Ezekiei could not have fore-
seen the application of his words to this event in French history, and
(as to the second) the prophet Habakkuk, and not have desired to
foretell that 'Angli piratae in insula Rheacensi' would there meet
with their punishment.

On the birth of Louis xiv. of France, sth September 1638, made
by Claude Gaudart The allusion is astrological, and marks the day
when the star Aquila (the Eagle) was in conjunction with the star
Cor Leonis —

eXorIens DeLphIn AQVILiE CorDIsqVe LeonIs
CongressV gaLLos spe L^etItIaqVe refeCIt. = 1638

le. The Dauphin, arising at the conjunction of the eagle and the lion's
hearty hcu revived the French people with hope and joy.

This sentiment does not meet with an echo at a later date in
history ; a Dutch medal bearing his portrait is inscribed —
LVDoVICVs MagnVs XIIII. = 1685

The word Ludovicus gives the number of the beast in the book
of Revelation, 666, and the remainder of the line gives the further

FRANCE— JOHN LA W, LOUIS XVL 203

quantity 1019 to make up the date 1685. The reverse of the medal
represents a broken pillar, inscribed, Romain ou Rebelle, and
below it, Edictum Nantesium Nimesiumque abrogatum
est mense Octob: 1685.

Le. Louis the Greats the Fourteenth, — Roman or RebeL — The edict of
Nantes and Nismes revoked in the month of October 1685.

Cjerman medals satirically commemorating the celebrated John
Law, who became counsellor to the king and controller of the finances
of France. He started a bank, and inaugurated the Mississippi
scheme, by which unbounded wealth was to be secured, but they both
terminated in entire loss and disaster to his dupes and to himself.
The several medals bear these chronograms —

rrDDenDa eX aCtIs LaVs LaVso. = 172 1

i.e. Praise (Laus) to Mr. LaWy according to his deeds.
koMt seht Das frantz, VoLCk an herr LaW thVt grose

THATEN. =1720

i.e. Come and see the French people for whom Mr. Law does great

things,

en Magnas Dat opes CeLeber LaW foenere qVestVs. = 1720

i.e. Lo! the celebrated Law gives great riches by the employ metit of

money.

Henry "IV. was assassinated at Paris, by Ravaillac, on 14th May,
in the year thus expressed by a contemporaneous historian — Bi

gaLLICI Corona regnI CoronanDo heV CeCIDIt. = 1610

i,e. The crown of the Gallic kingdom^ alas^ has fallen from the hecul of
him who was crowned (f).

The following was made by Max. Vrientius — Bi

oCCIdIt a sICA Mars gaLLVs, LILIa paLLent. = 1610

i.e. The Gallic Mars fell by the dagger^ the Lilies grow pale. This
without doubt is a Flemish chronogram.

The following is sent by Dr. Alfred Goldlin de Tiefenau, of the
Imperial Library at Vienna, quoted from the Vienna journals —

LVDoVICVs XVI InnoCens MortWs. = 1793

LVDoVICVs XVI reX gaLLIae Monstrat = 1793

qVaLIter sIt faLsa breVIs transItorIa et faLLaX gLorIa
hVIVs MVnDI. =1793

i.e. Louis XVL, innocent, is dead. Louis XVL, King of Fratue, shows
how false, brief, transitory, and deceptive is the glory of the world.

On the battle of Austerlitz, gained by Napoleon i. on 2d
December 1805, against Austria and Russia —
aqVILa fVLMInans VenIt, VIDIt, VICIt aVstrI^e RVssIiEgVE
aqVILas. = 1805

i.e. The lightning-hurling eagle came^ saw, and conquered the eagles of
Austria and Russia.

204 NAPOLEON L

On the peace given by Napoleon in 1806 —
Dat nVnC paCeM gaLLIs. = 1806

Le. He now gives peace to the French people.

On the interview, on 25th June 1807, at Tilsit, of Napoleon i.
with the Czar and the King of Prussia, and peace signed on 7th
July-

napoLeo L, aLeXanDer I., et frIDerICVs III., \
In Vrbe tILLsIt ConVenIVnt Lis sIstIt; > = 1807

Lis ! siT tILLsIt VtILIs ILLIs. j

i,e. Napoleon /, Alexander /, and Frederick IILy meet ai the city of
Tilsit^ the strife ceases ; strife indeed! Tilsit may be useful to them.

Inscription on the new Jesuits* school at Lille —
ChrIsto Deo regI regVM, IVVentVtI patrIae, eCCLesIae. = 1876
i.e. To Christy God the King of KingSy to the youth of the country ^ and
to the Church {dedicated).

THE following chronograms are extracted from a rare little book,
* Dissertation Critique et Analytique sur les Chronogrammes,
pubWe en 17 18.' Nouvelle Edition. Bruxelles, 1741. 62 pages 8**.
They are a miscellaneous residue from the book, after sorting away those
which have a direct bearing on history, into their more proper gmups
in this collection. The anonymous author having expressed his
opinion as to the principles on which a chronogram should be com-
posed, puts forward these and some others, as examples where such
principles have been disregarded ; if he is not altogether fair in con-
demning them, he is at least amusing, and I believe it is the only
book which discourses on the subject. Some other remarks by the
author of the ' Dissertation ' have been noticed at page 108, anie^ with
the extracts relating to Charles vi.

As the book is written in the French language, I attach this to
the foregoing group of French chronograms.

The author says, here is a military one, out of Pliny —
DIMICabItVr pro frVtICe. =1714

It means that they would scramble for apples in 1 7 14, but it implies
no application to a real event

Some person found these words in a book, ' L'homme de cour de
Balthasar Gracian' —

La V^rIt^ est Une DeMoIseLLe VoIL^e. = 17 18

i,e. TYuih is a veiled lady in 1718 ; and he added —

Le teMps seUL peUt La DeCoUVrIr, = 1771

and would mean that the truth would be discovered in 1771, which is
very useful to know ; so says the author of the * Dissertation,' who
wrote in 1741. He goes on to say, that *I never shall finish the folio
of my curious friend, but I will first show him that I can also make
this sort of chronograms, which I have fitted to the year 17 18,

DISSERTATION SUR LES CHRONOGRAMMES. 205

having no reference to any event Here is a sentence taken from
Martial '1—

stULtUM est DIffICILes habere nUgas. = 17 18

i,e. It is foolish to have difficult trifles, 'Turpe est difficiles habere
nugas.' I only change one word, and instead of 'turpe' use
'stultum/ and write the verse in chronographic characters, and
further I say —

stULtUM est fUIt et erIt DIffICILes eXstrUere nUgas,= 1740
by which I show that there is nothing more foolish than to be occu-
pied with such trifles in 1718 ; but that is not enough, because that
is true at all times, it was further extended to 1740 with the greatest
ease thus ; and again it might be to ninety years more, viz. 1 830, by
using ConstrUere for ' exstruere ;* but for what purpose ? they are
only examples of bad chronograms.

On the occasion of a nun taking the veil : it would do for any
event at the same place and period. The y counts as 11 —
A brUXeLLes Le I^*^ joUr De MaY Uan. ^ 1724

AU the letters are counted in the following words on a personage
not mentioned by name —
LVX DVCVM. ue. The light or model of leaders. = 1675

At a monastery in Guelderland a door has painted on it a monk
on each side, with these words proceeding from the mouth. One of
them, the Prior, says —
CLaVDe portaM frater. i,e. Brother^ shut the door. =•• 1655

The monk replies — |

CLaVDaM pater. Le, Father^ I will shut it = 1655 !

This seems to mark no event, except probably the date of the work. |

Some one is said to have found this sentence in Cicero, and kept \

it for some friend who might be ennobled in that year — I

VIrtVte DVCe CoMIte fortVna. =1722 j

He presented the following to an illustrious assembly by way of ;

flattery—

Dll estIs et fILII eXCeLsI oMnes. Psalm 82. 6. =1717

Le, Ye are gods ; and all of you are children of the most high. The
judges who were members of the assembly knew well the application
of the words, but no one of them imagined that it meant also the year
17 1 7, which much surprised those venerable magistrates. The same
person presented to two other magistrates, who had a dissension
prejudicial to the public good, this passage taken out of Tacitus —
oDIa pVBLICiE VtILItatI reMIttIte. = 171 7

Le, Sacrifice your private resentment to the public weal. He gave to
each a well-written copy, but although it makes the year 1717, he
failed to reconcile them.

^ The passage is from Book 2. epigram 86, Ad classicum {i.e, poetam) —
Turpe est difficiles habere nugas
£t stultus est labor ineptiarum.
The Latin poet would no doubt have addressed these words to the makers of chrono-
grams had they existed at his time, about the year 90 (Anno Domini).

2o6 DISSERTATION SUR LES CHRONOGRAMMES.

An epigram is addressed to the (anonymous) author of the
' Dissertation' under the designation k. k. Each line commences
with one of the letters of this date, MDCCvyuii3=i7i7, accompanied
by this dedication —

aU sIeUr k. k. premier DoCteUr en ChronographIe, = 1718
And concluding with the pseudonym of the epigrammatist —
aLeXIUs phILosCoMatIaDes. =1718

The fastidious author of the ' Dissertation' remarks, But why
confine this talent in k. k. to 17 18? You may see in Brussels, over
the door of the weighing-house, a statue of Justice, and —
reCte ponDerat ILLa ManUs, = 1706

and in the church of St. Gudule, below the tabernacle, behind the
altar of the choir —
aMor ChrIstI absConDItI. = 1704

One can think nothing more of these chronograms by the numeral
letters than that they were made in 1706 and 1704, for they express
truths which are strong and permanent It would be impertinence
as to one, and blasphemy as to the other, to restrain the expression
to any one year.

This relates to Spain at the period of the War of Succession —
hIspanLe MonarCha ConDebat. = 1702

This is on a medal representing the 'St Sacrament des Mira-
cles ' —

tV es DeVs qVI faCIs MIrabILIa: = 1670

and this on a medal bearing the portrait of Pope Clement xi. —

RoMiE SANCXiE DeCOR, = 1700

both good as inscriptions, but the author thinks that plain figures
would have been better.^

Our author mentions a few more as open to various objec-
tions—

aMICta soLe LVna sVb peDIbVs, = 17 17

is good, but why this year only ?

This was placed under a representation of St Cecilia at an
academy of music —

Vera ACADsMIiE proteCtrIX, = 17 17

but why confine it to this year ? If the saint should continue to exist,
a further chronogram must be supplied, for instance, this one ; but it
must be kept for eighty-six years. It is good because it dedicates to
her —
aCaDeMI^e proteCtrICI. =s 1803

The following, he says, was put on a building ; but it signifies no
event ; it has no permanent value. Its chief merit is in the natural

* This remark is hardly fair, because the device on the medals gives point to the mottoes,
and renders them perfectly intelligible. They would indeed be vague if they stood alone.
Many ingenious chronograms might in like manner be shown up as trifles or nonsense ;
indeed this captious though amusing writer has been at some pains to do so in the foregoing
extracts, and in those relating to Charles vi. at page 109 of this present volume.

FRANCE— AIRE'EN'ARTOIS. 207

sequence of the letters in making the date mdccxvii. Beyond
that it is worthless as a chronogram, and not worth the trouble of
making —

MoDo neCte Coronas thraX prorsVs perIIt. = 17 17

The next three are given with no special remark —

noMIne BRVXELLiE DICans. = 1 717

eX CorDe affeCtVosIssIMo. = 17 17

tV DoMIne sVCCVrre eI§. = 171 7

A PAMPHLET of eighteen pages, *Des Chronogrammes, Recueil
de ceux qui ont ^t^ composes dans la ville d'Aire,' etc., by
Fran9ois Morand. Boulogne, 1865. The author commences with a
short dissertation about chronograms, and alludes to two or three
examples as early as the eleventh century, believing them to have
been composed late in the fifteenth or early in the sixteenth century,
and gives his reason for saying that the existence of numerical verses
cannot with certainty be placed earlier than the commencement of
the fifteenth. In the course of his remarks he mentions the following
as an early French example, from a medal of the period of Charles vii.
( 1 451), in the cabinet of the 'Imperial' Library at Paris. On one
side are found these verses (not numerical) —

D'or fin suis extrait de ducas

£t fu fait trois caras

En Pan que verras moi toumant

Les lettres de nombre prenant
On the other side are these numerical verses ^ —

qVant Ie fVs faIt sans dIferanCe "V

aV prVdent roI aMI de dIeV f = c

ON obeIssoIt partoVt en franCe I — 145'

fors a CaLaIs qVI est fqrt LIeV. )
I offer this translation : I am fine gold extracted from ducats^ and
I was made weighing three carats^ in the yearwhich^ turning me^ you
shall seey by taking the numeral letters.

When I was made they obeyed without difference everywhere in France
the prudent kingj the friend of God^ except at Calais^ which is a strong
place.

Artois was anciently one of the seventeen provinces of the Nether-
lands, and became a possession of France in 1676;^ it is therefore quite
possible that, if judged only by dates, the following chronograms are
of French composition, although it is probable that strong Flemish
predilections lingered in the province and influenced the writers of
them. The chronograms which follow are remarkably simple, and
the letter d is counted as a numeral.

* The letters 0=500 are not counted.

' A technical expression to signify the proportion of alloy to fine gold.

' See chronogram at p. 209, infra.

2o8 FRANCE— AIRE-EN'ARTOIS.

X he two following are pronounced by the author to be retro-
spective chronograms, because the appellation Panetifere was not
historically in use in 12 13, the earliest known document in which
Notre-Dame-Panetifere is mentioned bears the date 1309. This
' La croix au pain,' * the Bread-cross ' at Aire, was inscribed with the
chronograms probably at a much later period —

tVentI saCrant MARliE CIVes. = 1213

ChrIstI genItrICI arIensIVM panarI/e. = 1213

i,e. The citizens dedicate to Mary the Protector, — To the mother of Christ
{Notre-Dame) of the bread-basket.

On the occasion of depositing the bones of King Pepin and his
queen Bertha in the crypt of the collegiate church at Aire —
InCLIta pIpInI aC BERXHiE hIC reCVbant sIMVL ossa- = 15 17
i.e. Here repose together the boftes of the renowned Pepin and of Bertha,

In the epitaph of a Dean of Notre-Dame de Boulogne, 28th
February 17 11 —

oCCIDIt Ipso febrVarII terMIno. = 171 1

i.e. He died on the very last day of February,

Inscribed over the door of the Jesuits' College at Aire —

gIMnasII iEDES CIVItas ereXIt. = 1621

i,e. The community erected this school-house.

The town of Aire, being in the possession of the King of Spain,
was besieged by the French, and taken on i6th July 1641, Saint
Anne's day. The Spaniards retook the town on 4th December, Saint
Barbara's day. The chronograms are portions of Latin verses made
on these events —

A gaLLIs VI Capta fVI gaLLoqVe fVgato ) = i6iii

arCte VaLLaVIt MeqVe reCepIt Iber. j ^

ANNA arIaM Vt IVnXIt DIsIVnXIt Barbara gaLLo. = 1641

perDIta QViE fVerat IaM VICtrIX arIa VI Vet. = 1641

i,e, I was taken by force by the French ; the French being put to flighty
the Spaniard closely encompassed and retook me, — When Anna united
Aire to the French, Barbara separated them, — May Aire, which was
lost, now live {or continue) as conqueress I

The following was engraved on a votive silver lamp given to
* Notre-Dame-Panetifere' at Aire, on deliverance from the pesti-
lence—

MARliE VIrgInI PANARliE PESTE eXpVI^SA SENATVs POPVLVsqVe

arIensIs appenDerVnt. = 1652

i,e. The senate and people of Aire have offered this to the Virgin Mary
' Panetilre,^ on the plague being forced away.

The Chapter of the Collegiate Church substituted for a silver arm,
in which a relic of St. Adrian had been preserved, a silver bust for
the same purpose, on which was engraved this chronogram —
hIC transLata sVnt o^sa aDrIanI MartIrIs. = 1660

i.e. The bones of Adrian the martyr have been transferred hither,

Charles 11. of Spain caused the demolition of the church of St

FRANCE— AIRE'EN-ARTOIS. 209

Martin-lez-Aire, and used the materials to build three gates of the
town called after Notre-Dame, and he put up a statue, inscribed —

Deo tVtorI kt MarI^ CaroLVs reX. = '1672

i,e. King Charles (dedicates) to God the defender and to Mary.
The town of Aire was besieged by the French on i8th July 1676,
St. Arnold's day, and was taken on 31st of the same month, the day
of St Ignatius. This chronogram is taken from the Chapter register —

ARNoLDVs CInXIt traDIDIt IgnatIVs. = 1676

i,e. Arnold beset the place^ Ignatius gave it up.
The construction of the Jesuits' Church was greatly aided by a
legacy from a lady named in this chronogram —

MarIa De CaVereL eXtrVXIt. = 1682

ue, Mary de Caverel built it.
Each of these chronograms makes the date of the destruction of
the church of Cappellebrouck on 5 th April, St Vincent's day ; they
may be read in the Canon's register —

LVX VInCentII DestrVXIt oMnIa. = 1690

eX Vento VaLIDo VInCentIVs oMnIa VertIt. = 1690

i.e. The day of Vincent destroyed all. — Vincent by a powerful wind over-
threw all.

The interior of the Collegiate Church was whitewashed, and the
fact was recorded over the great door, and in the register, in these
words —

CanDor MICat. r= 1 701

i.e. The whiteness sparkles.
The fall of the roof was thus recorded in the register —

teCtVM CaDebat. = 1705

i.e. The roof fell
The town of Aire was besieged by Prince Eugene and the Duke
of Marlborough. It was taken on 9th November 17 10. It had
belonged to France since Louis xiv. took possession of it in 1676,
and it was restored to him definitively by the Treaty of Rastadt,
6th March 17 14 —

DeIeCIt gaULos arIa ter trIna noVeMbrIs. = 17 10

i.e. Aire drove out the French on the gth of November.
* But you see by the inscription how she exults in having driven out
the French, that the old sentiments of joy which had burst forth on
learning the defeat of Francis i. and all his army at Pavia, still
animated her.' The chronogram is extracted from the archives of the
Chapter.

The next was inscribed on the front of a house at Aire —

tertIVs proLe De CanLers ereXIt Me. = 17 17

i.e. The third in the family of De Canlers built me.
This was on the front of a chapel near Aire, destroyed in 1844 —

M. V. ChrIsto DICans renoVaVIt. = 17 18

The following was written at the time in a book belonging to the
archives of the college. It presages the election of Joseph 11. to be
Emperor of the Romans, which afterwards took place in 1764 —

2 D

2IO FRANCE— AIRE'EN-ARTOIS.

Joseph Vs seCVnDVs fVtVrVs Caesar roManVs natVs, = 1741

i.e. Joseph the Second^ to be hereafter King of the Romans^ is bom.

It was the custom at Aire to give ' billets de pdques ' (Easter cards
or tickets) to persons who duly attended the rites of the Church, con-
fession and communion, which cards were afterwards collected from
house to house by a person appointed for the purpose. The author
gives some curious particulars, and states the benefits and disadvantages
of the custom. These cards were sometimes dated by chronograms.
Here are some examples —

VULt ChrIstVs ManDUCate. = 177 1

i,e. Eat ye, Christ wills it,
DULCe ConVIVIUM pIe sItIentIbUs. = 1781

ie. A sweet banquet for those who thirst for it piously,
eCCe DoMInUs saLVator Vester sUrreXIt. = 1782

i,e. Lo I your Lord the Saviour has arisen,
eCCe reX cLoRliE aDVenIt VobIs MANsUExUa = 1783

i,e* Lo I the mild King of Glory has come unto you.
sUrreXIt nobIs ChrIstUs DoMInUs aLLeLUIa. = 1785

i,e, Christ the Lord has arisen for us, Alleluia !
seMet eCCe DeUs eXInanIt Ut Vos eXaLtet. = 1787

i,e, Lo I God hath emptied himself that he may exalt you.
DULCe fIat VobIs esUrIentIbUs ConVIVIUM. = 1791

i,e. Let there be made a sweet banquet for you who hunger.

Chronograms were composed and inscribed on the fountain ^ in
the * grande place ' at Aire, to indicate the commencement of boring
the well, and the construction and improvement of the foimtain. It
was finished on St. Michael's day —

Vos nUnC haUrIetIs aqUas CUM gaUDIo eX hIs fontIbUs.= 1750
MagIstratUs popULo sUo faVens ILLos DeCorat. = 1772

i,e. Now ye shall drink with joy the waters from these fountains. The
friendly magistracy beautifies them for its people.

DIes MIChaeLI saCrata aqUas trIbUIt senatUs arIensIs = 1772
pLebI sUiE sUbVenIens hUnC fonteM DeCorat. = 1772

i,e. The day sacred to Michael hcu bestowed the waters^ the Senate of Aire
assisting beautifies this fountain for its people.

aD fonteM aCCeLerate. = 1750

senatUs pLebI sUiE faVens ILLUM DeCorat. = 1772
i,e. Hasten ye to the fountain, the friendly Senate beautifies it for its awn
people,

eX DIe MIChaeLIs fLUUnt VobIs AgUiE VIViE senatUs = 1750
pLebI sUiE sUbVenIens hUnC fonteM DeCorat. = 1772

i,e. From the day of St. Michael living waters flow for you, the Senate
assisting beautifies these fountains for its people.

^ This seems to be a supply of water obtained by boring an ' Artesian ' well. The first
well of the kind was made at Lillers, in Artois, in the twelfth century.

FRANCE— AIRE-EN-ARTOIS. 2 1 1

eX DIe MIChaeLIs.Vero fLUUnt VobIs AgUiE VIViE. = 1750

senatUs pLebI sUbVenIens hUnC fonteM DeCorat. = 1772

Le. From the day of St, Michael truly the living waters flow for you^ the
Senate assisting beautifies this fountain for the people,

arChangeLo DeCoreM. = 1750

ue. Ascribe the beauty to the Archangel,
hanC fUnDaVI CoMpLeVIqVe. = 1772

i.e, I have founded and filled this fountain also,
hanC senatUs fUnDaVIt et CoMpLeVIt. = 1772

i,e. The senate founded and finished it,

hUC fUnDaVI et CoMpLeVI. = 1772

ue, I founded and finished it thus far,
MUnICIpaLItas arIensIs perforaVIt et DeCoraVIt. = 177 1
i,e. The municipality of Aire bored and beautified it,

fUnDaVIt aqUas sanCtUs MIChaeL. = 1772

i,e. Saint Michael secured the water,
aD AQUiG fLUMen CUrrIte CIVes. = 1772

i,e. Run ye citizens to the flow of water,
A line in the epitaph of the chaplain of a church at Aire —

sepVLtVrVs sepVLChrVM DIreXIt. = 1737

i,e. Having to be buried he arranged his tomb.
On the accession to the throne of Napoleon i., this was inscribed
in the grand hall of the H6tel-de-Ville at Aire —

ILLe Defensor OALLIiE ILLe IMperator. = 1804

i,e. He the defender, he the Emperor of France,
On the re-establishment of public worship, they gave the name of
the Chapel of the Agony to the ancient chapel of Notre-Dame-
Panetifere in the church of Aire. The Abb^ D^plantay made this
chronogram, and inscribed it there—

ChrIsto fILIo CeDIt LIbens Mater. = 1805

i,e. The mother willingly gives place to Christ her Son.
The following, composed by the same Abb^, was inscribed above
the altar in the same chapel, erected by an old bdguine named
Fideline Duvivier —

aLtare ChrIsto agonIsantI Dong DICat fIDeLIna. = 1806
i,e, Fidelina dedicates as a gift the altar to Christ in agony.
On the accession of Louis Philippe i., the * citizen king,' this was
put up in the place of one which had commemorated his predecessors
the Eourbons, and was in its turn suppressed on the establishment of
the empire —

saLVe reX CIVILIs patrI^ paLLaDIVM. = 1830

i,e. Welcome I citizen king, the Palladium of the country.

MISCELLANEOUS CHRONOGRAMS.

ROM * Lindenbrogii scriptores rerum Germanicarum
septentrionales,' Hamburg, 1706. Folio. In St
Peter's church, an ecclesiastic, Johannes Trajectanus,
who died cio loxxciv (1584?), his friends erected a
monument to him, and recorded thereon its date by
this chronogram —
NGN obIt, AST abIens DorMIt : Crab regnat et orat.
i,e. He is not dead^ but having gone away he sleeps: to-morrow he reigns
andprays.

In the cathedral, the epitaph of Joachim Westphalus contains this —
haC IaCet heV fIXa IoaChIMVs WestphaLVs VrnA,

qVI, reX ChrIste, tVI pastor oVILIs erat. =

i.e. Joachim Westphalus^ alas! lies deposited in this tomb^ whoy O King
Christy was the shepherd of thy fold.

Medal on the cessation of the plague at Hamburg —
seDet sVb proteCtIone et tVteLa aLtIssIMI. =

i.e. The town rests now under the protection and guardianship of the
Most High.

Epitaph in the burial-ground at Leipzig, as related in an Itinerary
by Fynes Moryson, folio, 161 7. The author adds : Here I found this
epitaph, and the like are ordinarily found through Germany —
foeLIX qVI In DoMIno nIXVs ab orbe fVgIt.
i.e. Happy is he whoy resting on the Lord^ flies from the world.

Inscribed on the great cask at Heidelberg, to indicate the date of
its repair —

STAT baCChI renoVata DoMVs VIngqVe sVperbIt. =

i.e. The House of Bacchus stands restored^ and is proud of its wine.

Medal on the inauguration in 1735 of the new mansion-house in
the free city of Halle in Suabia. There had been a destructive fire in
1728. The Latin chronogram only is on the medal The German
version of it, which follows, is ciuious, because the same numeral
letters are used as in the Latin, although not in the same order —
CVrIa noVa VrbIs IMperIaLIs DfiVoTiE sVeVo-HALANiE. =
i.e. The new court-house of the imperial city of faithful Halle in Suabia.

= 1603

1574

Hb
1714

= 1591

F
1728

1735

MISCELLANEO US— GERMAN. 2 1 3

Der kaysersstaDt haLL In sChWaben neVes rath-haVs so F
In zeIt Von Drey Iahren erbaVet 1st. = 1735

i.e. The new mansian-kouse of the city of Halle in Suabia^ which was
erected in three years,

Jr ublications of the Society for the Preservation of Ancient Monu-
ments in the Duchy of Luxembourg. Part 15, for 1859, contains a
memoir of Mr. Bourggra£f, a member of the society, who died 24th
March of that year ; it concludes thus —

MVsA sILet . CoeLo sanCtas CeCInere Choreas angeLICae
CItharae. = 1859

i.e. Let the Muse be silent. The angelic lutes have sounded scared strains
in heaven.

Part a I, for 1865, gives this inscription on a bell —
popVLVs paroChIanVs proprIo sVo iERE Me refVnDI
CVraVIt. = 1789

i.e. T?u people of the parish at their own cost have caused me to be recent.

i\. manuscript volume in the British Museum, No. 17064,
'Theatrum Familiae Lambergianse.' The dedication is thus sub-
scribed by the author, F. Calin of Marienburg : Viennae, 1678 —
DeVotIssIMVs serWs atqVe CLIens. = 1678

Dominus Franciscus Calin.

The volume is a folio, written in imitation of printing.

JcLpitaphs at Bautzen, in Saxony, from a book printed there in 1696,
'Epitaphia Budissinensia' (British Museum, press-mark 614. d. i.)
That of Johannes Agricola, pastor, concludes thus, ' Multa tulit, fecit-
que, incommoda passus. Lustra super menses quinaque sexque dies —
seXtILIs tanDeM trIbVIt trIgena qVIete

QViE In terrIs aberat, prosperIore frVL' =: 1590

i.e. He endured and did many things^ having undergone trials, etc. At
length the y>th August gave him to enjoy that better rest which was
wanting on earth.

Johannes Francus, physician ; his epitaph ends thus —
Obiit anno aDIVtor MeVs ChrIstVs est. = 1617

A book, ' Syntagma Epitaphiorum quae in inclyta Septemviratus
Saxonici Metropoli Witteberga, etc.,' by Balthasar Mentz: Magdeburg,
1604, 8° (British Museum, press-mark 614. d. i). It mentions an
epitaph in the parish church cemetery, dated 27 men sis Mail, anni —
VenI 6 IesV, VenI Vt LIberes nos eX DaMnIs. = 1585

i.e. Come, O Jesus, come that thou mayest deliver us from misfortunes.

Another runs thus, * Christo Immanueli scriptum * —
natVs erat qVI ter septena LVCe noVeMbrIs ) = e6

hICCe pVer beLLVs post sVa fata CVbat. j "" ^^^

Cui pater Emanuel Person tam munere vitse

Functus adhuc patriam nomen habere dabat,
Quique dehinc matri Ruhelino sangume natse,
Solamen vidui dulce doloris erat.

2 1 4 MIS CELL A NE O US— GERMAN.

AST FEBRE OPPRESSVs GRASSANTE POTItVr oLyMpO ) -. /:

IVnIVs Vt qVInos tVrbat ab aXe DIes. / - lOoo

i,e. This beautiful hoy^ who was bom on list November^ lies here after
his death. To whom hisfather^ Emanuel Person, hainng so fulfilled the
office of life, gave the family name, etc. etc. But seized with a fever he
{the boy) died on the $th of June.

JN ear the end of the 155 1 edition of Reussner is this chronogram
relating to Miinster, in Westphalia. I am unable to say what trouble-
some circumstance it alludes to. ' Tempus captivitatis urbis Monas-
teiiensis ' —

regIs CarnIfICIs, VatIs, sartorIs, In Vno la

CIVe MonasterII WestaphaLe faCta Lege. = 1535

In the year 1642, 'Pius Emestus ex diruto et infausto Grimmen-
steinio fecit Friedensteinium suum optabile nomen ' — Mc

qYje fVror eVertIt qVonDaM paX saXa refeCIt: = 1642

CorDatA reparans robora Lapsa ManV. = 1655

i.e. Ernestf out of the destroyed and unfortunate Grimmensteih [stone
of strife), made Friedenstein (stone of peace) his more desirable name.
The stones which were thrown down peace has restored ; repairing the
fallen strength with a friendly hand.

Concerning the University of Breslau. This applies in some way
to the period of its foundation, and to the inauguration of Alexius
Heinsch as rector in 1702 —

Mense, die, horisque ante et post merid. consuetis
eIVs annI, qVI prIMVs VnIVersItatIs LEOPoLDlNiE VratIs-
LaVIensIs. = 1696

i.e. The month, day, and accustomed hours of the fore- and after-noon of
that year which was the first qf the Leopoldine University of Breslau.

In the presbytery of the Pilgrimage Church of Luschariberg in
Carinthia —

In hoC Ix)Co Mater ChrIstI InVenta stetIt. = 1360

i.e. In this place the mother of Christ stood found {or appeared). (This
was contributed from the Imperial Library, Vienna. I do not think
it belongs to the early date it represents, but more likely to a period
three centuries later, circa 1660, when pilgrimages were much in vogue.)

A book, * Description historique de T^glise de Notre Dame k
Bruges.' By Beaucourt de Noortvelde. Bruges, 1773. 4°. (British
Museum, press-mark 205. d. i.) It is dedicated to the bishop of
Bruges, whose portrait, taken in 1741, is thus inscribed —

lOANNES VanDeR STRIChT GANDeNSIs PRiEPOSlTVS DIViE VIr-

gInIs In CIVItate brVgensI. = 1742

i,e. [The portrait of] John Vander Stricht of Ghent, bishop of [the church
of] the ffoly Virgin in the city of Bruges. The engraving is signed

I-

MISCELLANEO US— BELGIUM. 2 1 5

and dated, *F. Pilsen pinx: et sculp: Gandavi 1741.' The bishop was
then 41 years old. (See Illustration, Frontispiece.)

At page 225 it is related, that on the appointment of Jean Vander
Stricht as the forty-second bishop of Bruges, he made a solemn entry
into the city on loth October 1742, amidst much ceremony and
festivity. Many chronograms are said to have been made, but only
this one, in the Flemish language, is given —

In't Jaer tVVee-en VIertIg Doet
Joannes VanDer strICht sYnen Intre,

oUD tWee-en VeertIg Jaeren, ^= 1742

aLs tWee-en-VeertIgsten proost
Van onse VroUWe kerke.

The letter y counts as 2. I fear that the * many chronograms '
cannot be recovered.

At page 58, it is mentioned that in this church are the reliques of
St Boniface, St. Hilary, and St. Cyrobalde, with this ancient chrono-
gram, ' Nous donne a connoltre ' —

oCCIDebant gLorIosI: In frIsIa. = 755

i,e. They died gloriously in Friesland, They are stated to have been
martyrs for the faith in the year 755.

The church seems to have been founded about 1091-1116. It
is very improbable therefore that the chronogram was placed there in
755. It is more likely to be the work of a writer in the sixteenth
century or thereabouts.

At page 89, the church of St Martin is mentioned, where the year
of the arrival of St. Boniface, 745, is indicated by this chronogram,
but no circumstance is mentioned to lead to the conclusion that
it is anything but a comparatively modern composition —
VIr zeLosVs VarIas eXtrVXIt eCCLesIas, CcenobIta, aC
saCeLLa. = 745

ue. A zealous man^ he built several churches^ monasteries^ and chapels.

IN the * Dictionnaire de la Conversation,' and in other short
treatises, it is remarked that the following is a most ancient
chronogram, denoting the foundation of fourteen prebends by
Baldwin v.. Count of Flanders ; it was most probably composed in
the fifteenth or even the sixteenth century —

bIs septeM prebendas tV baLdVIne dedIstI. = 1064

i.e. THvice seven prebends thou Baldwin hast given. The four letters d
are not counted.

The Bull of Pope Paul iii., by which, on the petition of Charles v.,
the abbey of St. Bavon at Ghent was secularised, and the name and
tide of the order of St Benedict and dignity of the abbey restored,
was pointed at in this chronogram —
VInCVLa sVnt petro MonaCho gViE VInCVLa toLLVnt. = 1537

From Ziegelbauer's * Historia rei Literarise Ordinis S. Benedicti,'
vol. iv. p. 599.

Saint MichaeFs Church, Ghent, inscribed on an engraving of a
picture of the high altar hanging in the sacristy —

2i6 MISCELLANEOUS— BELGIUM.

fIgVra InsIgnIs aLtarIs MIChaeLIs ganDaVI. = 17 18

In St Nicolas* Church, on a statue of the saint —
VerItatIs fontI Deo Vero, VIrgInI MARliE et b? nICoLao
offertVr. = 1678

And on the tomb of a canon of the church (the words are adapted
from Job xiv. 2) —
breVes sVnt dies hoMInIs, qVI qVasI fLos ConterItVr. = 168 1

The following are extracted from a book, 'Epigraphica — sive
elogia inscriptionesque,' by Octavius Boldonius (Bishop of Tours),
J 660. Folio (British Museum, press-mark 584. 1. 6). At p. 693 are
some curious Cabala inscriptions, and changes on transposed words.
At pp. 690-695 are the following (the author quotes Franciscus
Swertius as his authority) : —

'Ac primiim inter Brabantina legitur Louvanii in Area castri,
incisum lapidi hoc distichon.'
e terr« VANiE EST VeCtVs LapIs Iste rVInIs
CVIVs qVInte qVIdeM, CaroLe VICtor eras. =1553

Epitaph of Duke William at Diisseldorf, in which his praises are
to be read, and the date of his death —
qVInta renasCentIs CVM LVX affVLserat annI

CLIVensIs prInCeps regna beata petIt. = 1592

An epitaph at Cologne ' de Comelio Schultzing ' —
Vt LVX aXe poLI fortIs CasVra georgI

CceLItVs a Chara Morte VoCatVs abest. = 1604

Et mox obiit an: mdciv. xx. April.

On a tomb at Cologne, the conclusion of an epitaph —
fLos egreDItVr, et fVgIt VeLVt VMbra. = 1627

i,e. He cometh forth like a flowery and is cut down, Hefleeth also as a
shadow, and continueth not. Job xiv. 2.

Epitaph of 'Johannes Godscalcanus ad Bogardos ' —
qVaLIs hoMo tV nVnC, ego tVnC, at qVaLIs ego nVnC

taLIs tV tVnC, et sI BENk, dIVes erIs. = 1601

ue. Such a man as thou art now I then was, but such as I now am thou
shall then be, if thou hast donewell, rich thou shcUt be.

iVn earthquake happened at Mons, in Hainault, on the morning
of the 4th April 1640, as appears by the following extract from a
curious little book, * Liber Monostichorum,* by Julianus Wadrseus,
Francfurti, 1645. i^^- (British Museum, press-mark 11 408. a.). At
page 134, Chronographicum de anno, mense, die, et hori motus terrae
percepti a poeta Montibus Hannonise anno miUesimo sexcentesimo
quadragesimo in crepusculo matutino quartse diei Aprilis —
qVarta DIes aprILIs erat, qVA terra treMebat,

AVRORiE fLaVIs aXe rVbente rotIs. = 1640

i,e. It was the fourth day of April when the earth trembled, the heavens
being red with the glowing wheels of Aurora.

GOLD AND SILVER MINES, COMET. 217

Pl medal on the opening of a gold mine at Fiume di Nisi in
Sicily— Y

eX VIsCerIbVs MeIs HicC fVnDItVr. = 1734

i>. Out of my bowels was this formed.

Medal on the silver mines near Strasburg, inscribed — G

MoNS-STRATiE Dat OPES ConCors VenIs IbI sIt res. = 1709

/,«. MonS'Strata gives riches^ come readily where the treasure is. This
chronogram is remarkable, because the numeral letters of the year
MDCCViiii follow in their proper order.

Medal on the comet of 161 8 — A

CoMeta VentVrI DeI VIrga. 25. avg. = 1618

i,e. The comet is the rod of God about to come, 2$th August,

Medal on the comet of 18th December 1680 to January 1681 —
der stern droht boese sachen : A

traV nVrI gott WIrDs WoL MaChen. = 1681

i,e. This star threatens misfortunes j but trust/ God will order things
aright,

Jrrankenthal in Bavaria was formerly a royal manufactory of
porcelain. This chronogram is on a porcelain plate, having in the
centre the initials of the Elector Carl Theodor, with a star in gold,
from which thirty divisions radiate, and on the border are thirty
more, all painted with bouquets in all the various colours and shades
used in the manufactory —

VarIantIbVs . fLosCVLIs . DIVersI . CoLores . fabrICwE . sVb .
reVIVIsCentIs . soLIs . hVIVs . raDIIs . eXVLtantIs . In .
frankenthaL. = 1775

i,e. In varying little flowers the different colours of the manufactory
under the reviving rays of this rejoicing sun in FrankenthaL

1 he following are from the Transactions of the Ziirich Archaeo-
logical Society, vol. xx. page 179, for 1880. The meaning is obscure.
They represent the date 1576 —

Carmen numerale.
orIza est tIgVro argentInaM traCta et ab oLLa
LVCe Vna heLVetIIs, aethere rIte CaLens. = 1576

Auss Zurich im hafen warm und weiss
Strassburgk Im scheissen hat ain reiss.

Ich hab vergebens g'macht die meuss
£s wahr ain hirtz vnd nit ain reiss.

Carmen numerale, non
inventum milium tale.
oLLa argentInae est MILIo repLeta, perItI:

LVCe Vna tIgVro Lata CaLens sVbIt6. = 1576

Ains tags von Zurich ain hafen haiss
Mit hirtz gehn Strassburgk hat sein raiss.
2 e

2i8 THE REFORMATION OF THE CALENDAR.

THE correction of the calendar took place in 1582, but the * New
Style' was not generally adopted at that time ; thus, in France,
Holland, Denmark, Italy, Spain, etc, it was adopted in 1582 ; German
and Swiss Roman Catholic States, 1584 ; Poland, 1586 ; German and
Swiss Protestants, 17 10; England, 1751, by the Act 24 Geo. 11.;
Sweden, 1753; Netherlands, 1700; Russia, not yet A medal on a
peace established in 1700 and of the adoption of the New Style, bears
these chronograms — A

Magnas ferte Deo grates pro paCe reCepta. = 1700

i>. Render thanks to God for peace recovered,

gereChtes Lobopffer DenkMahL. = 1700

ue. Monument of a just recognition.

Also these, denoting the acceptance in the Low Countries of the
reformed calendar — A

gebnDertn CaLenDers DenkzahL. = 1700

anno qvo mendie correcxie ipsaq: calendie = 170o

Fastorum a Christo nato sum cusus et isto.
i,e, I was struck in the year after the birth of Christ in which the
calendar was amended. The two last words are not counted in the
chronogram.

Another medal on the same subject, with emblems having a
political significance to Germany, England, and Holland, and this
chronogram — A

ConCorDes Manent. = 1700

i,e. They continue in harmony,

A BOOK, * Anagrammatographia,' by N. Reussner, Jena, 1602
A\ (British Museum, press-mark 12305, aaa. 20), contains no less
than sixty anagrams on the author's name, and down to page 662 the
book is full of anagrams. At page 663 are the following chronograms
and verses, and we are given to uaderstand by the concluding remark
that the year 1662 (that of the book itself) will be found by treating
the numerical quantities according to the five rules of arithmetic. The
numbers given in the margin do not appear in the original ; an astute
friend has worked out from them the subjoined explanation —

' M. Thomse Sagittarii Eteometra arithmetica.'

I. Additionts.

non est CVIVsVIs sIC IVre Capessere sCeptra: = 424

SiEPiVs eVentVs Ccepta, DeVsqVe negante = 626

LARGk IgItVr preCIbVs VotIsqVe IehoVa VoCetVr, = 290

Vt grato aVspICIo sCeptra saLana beet. = 262

2. SubtroLctionis.
osanCtaM DefenDe sChoLaM, DefenDe MonarCha, = 5350

qVILIbet o DiGNt qVA tVa IVssa tenent. = 574

ARITHMETICAL. 219

sVnt artes tVa Dona DeVs, sVnt MVnera MVnVs = 3035

IVre, DeVs, LaVDes bVCCInet VsqVe tVas. = 1287

3. Multiplicationis.

CVrIa perfICIat nVnC Cceptos Vasta Labores, = 468

Vt partes LiETO ROBORE qVIsqVe gerat. = 66

HONOR six O PATER tIbI. = 3

4. Divisionts.

Da pater o nobIs paCIs pIa Dona qVIete = 1109

A nostrIs MaVors sepIbVs absIt atroX. = 1023

o PRiBSENS hostes optato sVpprIMe Marte = 2006

atqVe ManV LiETA teMpLa sChoLasqVe foVe. = 2270

sInt per te nostrIs fata benIgna forIs. = 4

5. Regula de trL

AFFERE rItE BONAS ARTES, ARTESQVe PROFESSOS. = 6

NOSTRA BEATA pIIS IgnIbVs OSSA REGE. = 9

hInC tIbI VIVentI trIbVet pIa CantICa VersV. = 333

qVIsqVe, et LIngVa Deo IVbILa VbIqVe Canet. = 735

Here follow some verses, commencing —

Accipe quos numero numeros, Rusnere, bonique (sic)

Consule. Non Musas evexit ad aurea Juno

Saepius, et paucos benfe dives honestat Apollo.

Magni magna dabunt : sed parvi parva. Triumph©

Si mens grata valet si quid pia carmina possunt,

REVSNERVM toto resonabunt flumine ripse.
^ Pro nummis numeros dedimus. -Nil possumus ultrk.

NON SVPRA VIRES FACILE QVID NVMINA POSCVNT.

Jense faciebam anno, qui ex supra datis hypothesibus
Arithmetic^ procedendo emerget, m.dcii.

Addition.
424
626
290
262

1602 1602 i6q2

Explanation.

Subtractioa

Multiplication.

5350

468

574

59»4

303s

534

1287

4322

220 ARITHMETICAL— PERPETUAL MOTION.

Division.

(Explanation continued,)

Rule of three.

1 109

333

1023
2006

735

2270

1068

4)6408
6)9612

1602 1602

MEDALS on the 'Jubilee year/ 1700, commemorating the inven-
tion of perpetual motion. One of them contains the name
inventor, LILDVLD, supposed to have some occult meaning ;
all the letters are numerals, and express 1 156 ; also this chronogram —
LILDVLD Der eWeIgen beWegVng Itz WahrafftIger G
InVentor. = 1700

ie, Lilduidf of perpetual motion ftow the genuine inventor.

Another, resembling the foregoing, is thus described, ' ad jubilan-
dum, exsultandum, et plaudendum ei, cui soli, summa debitur gloria f
it bears this chronogram —

IaVzt, sIngt, ehret, IVbILIert, DeM so eWIgs L»ob gebOrt, G
eIntzIg eVVIg VVeL regIert. = 1700

i,e. Cheer J sing, honour, shout to him to whom is due eternal praise, who
only and for all eternity reigns well.

Another, on the same subject, bears cabalistic signs signifying the
year 1700, and this chronogram —

LaVs et honor sIt perpetWs Deo, Vno, iEXERNO, sapIentI,
benIgno, toto ab opere sVo et nostro, nVnC seMperqVe, G
VbIqVe. = 1700

Le, Let perpetual praise and honour he to the one eternal wise and kind •
God, from all His work and ours, now, everywhere, and for ever.

There are several other cabalistic medals, but not chronographic.
One, however, has the following, which differs slightly from the fore-
going one —
HONOR perpetWs Deo, et LaVs VnI iETERNO sapIentI benIgno

TOTO ab opere sVo ET NOSTRO, SEMpER PROVt nVnC PERSONAT

ORA VbIqVe. = 1700

i,e. Let perpetual praise and honour be to the one eternal wise and kind
God, f ram all His work and ours, always as now it resounds.

The Last Day.

The time the world would endure, according to the once popular
belief, was six thousand years from the assigned period of the creation,

THE LAST DAY. 221

or the year 1996 Anno Domini. Another date, the year 1645, was
predicted by inference from the following text, Matthew xxiv. 22,

* And except those ^z.y^ should be shortened, there should no flesh
be saved : but for the elect's sake those days shall be shortened.' The
Vulgate version is, * Et nisi breviati fuissent dies illi, non fieret salva
omnis caro ; sed propter electos breviabuntur dies illi.' The words
were thus interpreted :— ' Adventus Domini,' the coming of the Lordy
express the number 2012; from which subtract 517, expressed by

* Dies breviabuntur,' the days shall be shortened, the remainder will be
1495; to which add 150, expressed by 'Propter electos,' because of
the electy so the fatal year was indicated, according to the following
formula —

aDVentVs DoMInI = 2012
DIes breVIabVntVr = 517

1495

PROPTER eLeCtOS = 150

1645 The fatal year.

The following anecdote is extracted from a pleasant little book by
H. B. Wheatley : Hertford, 1862 : — Michael Stifelius, a Lutheran
minister at Wurtemberg, foretold that on 3d October 1533, at ten
o'clock in the morning, the world would come to an end. The
pasage from which he elicited this wonderful but incorrect prediction
is John xix. 37, ' They shall look on him whom they pierced I ^
VIDebVnt In qVeM transfIXerVnt. = 1533

But the month, day, and hour seemed only to have existed in his
imaginatioa On the day that he thus predicted the end of the world,
a very violent storm arose while he was preaching to his congregation,
who believed his prophecy was coming to pass, when lo ! suddenly the
clouds disappeared, the sky became clear, and all was calm except the
people, whose indignation was aroused, and they dragged the prophet
from his pulpit, and beat him sorely for thus disappointing them.

The next is extracted from * Speculum Mundi,' by John Swan.
Ed. 1643, pp. 19, 20. The author says, 'Sundry other persons have
their tricks and devices in arithmeticall numbers, whereby they can
directly calculate the time, and make the superstitious multitude
admire them, and lend a more than greedie eare to their feared predic-
tions. Such a one was he, who, out of the words '* Conflagratio
Mundi," which signifie The burning of the world, hath set down the
time when the world must end, namely, in the yeare of our Lord 1657;
and that for two reasons — First, because as the yeare of the world 1657
was a fatall yeare in regard of the universall flood, in like manner the
yeare of Christ 1657 shall also be a fatall yeare, in regard that then
shall be the end of the world by fire ; for is it not said in Matthew,
" As it was m the dayes of Noah, so shall also the coming of the

222 THE LAST DAY— ST. LIB ORIUS— MASSACRES.

Sonne of Man be.*' Secondly, take these two words, and you shall
find in them as many numerall letters as will make 1657.

ConfLagratIo MVnDI. = 1657

Thus is this prediction grounded ; which that it is altogether idle may
easily appear.'

(concerning the German Anabaptists, 1531 to 1535. It is related
that 'Joannes Bueceldus, sartor, simulato enthusiasmo nudus per
urbem discurrens, identidem proclamabat ; " Rex Sion venit," " Rex
justitiae hujus mundi ;" and he was guilty of many other extravagant
and fanatic acts. ' Lusit quidam non illepid^ hoc chronico disticho
in hunc monarchum ad sartores ' (op. cit. vol i. p. 474) —
toLLIte nVnC anIMos sartores toLLIte CrIstas Bi

ordInIbVs VestrIs regIa VIta VenIt. = 1435

ut, Raise now your spirits^ yc tailors^ raise your crests, a royal life has
come for your Order. This chronogram makes 1435, a century less
than the intended date. The point of the epigram is, the tailor
Bueceldus having run about the town in a state of nudity, proclaiming
with religious enthusiasm the approach of the King of Sion, etc., the
whole fraternity of tailors is felicitated on the acquisition of this
monarch who despises or dispenses with garments.' [This reminds
us of the fanatic ' prophet ' Solomon Eagle, who went about London
in 1665 denouncing the wickedness of the city, and foretelling the
punishment ; the great fire happened in the following year.]

MEDAL to commemorate the nine hundredth anniversary of
bringing to Paderbom the corpse of Liborius, Bishop of Mans ;
represents a sarcophagus supported in the clouds by angels, inscribed,
Reliquiae, s. Liborii. — Ossa ipsius post mortem pro-
phetaverunt. Eccl: 49.
annVs eX qVo aDVenere sanCtI LIborII LIpsana nona-

GENTESlMVS. = 1736

i.e. The remains of Saint Liborius. — Jlis bones have prophesied after
death: Ecclesictsticus 49. v. 10. — The nine hundredth year since the
relics of Saint Liborius arrived.

THE massacre of the Huguenots in Paris, on the eve of St. Bar-
tholomew, 24th August —
LVtetIa Mater natos sVos DeVoraVIt. = 1572

i,e. FariSy the mother, has devoured her own children.

The date of the Sicilian Vespers, the massacre of the French at
Palermo, on 30th March, is thus given in hexameter verse, composed
probably three or four centuries later —

franCorVM VrbIs sICVLVs fert fVnera Vesper. = 1282

i.e. The Sicilian vesper of this city brings the death of the Fnfuh.

THE REAL PRESENCE— AUGSBURG CONFESSION. 223

A BOOK, 'Antwerpiae Antiquitates,' Brussels, 16 10, describes the
monastery of Osterwick, a place much resorted to by pilgrims,
and quotes a Latin poem concerning a miraculous relic there, of our
Lord's blood, the verity of which was attested by authority in the
time of Pope Urban vii., 1590. At the end of the poem are these
* Eteosticha duo ;' there is nothing to show that they are contempo-
raneous; they were probably made in the sixteenth century, circa 1590—
effVsVs Crater Late pIa LIntea tIngIt ) = «

sangVIneIs MaCVLIs: ora rIgate pII, / ~" '^^

EN arCana deI VIVI MysterIa fVLgent ) _ ,,

LIntea sangVIneI sIgna CoLorIs habent. / — ^379

Le, The cup being pourtd outy it stains the holy linen cloth all over with
fpots of blood: bedew your mouths^ ye pious men, behold / the mysteries
of the living God shine forth, the linen cloths bear marks of the colour of
blood. The letter d is not counted.

We are reminded by this narrative of the * Miracle of Bolsena,' in
Italy, where a priest who was somewhat sceptical as to the doctrine
of transubstantiation, was convinced of its truth by seeing drops of
blood issue from the wafer on to the corporal upon which it was
placed. In commemoration of this, Pope Urban iv. mstituted the feast
of Corpus Christi about the year 1261-1265. The blood-stained
chalice cloth is still preserved in the cathedral of Orvieto, where it
was deposited in a magnificent silver reliquary in the year 1338, and
a long inscription in Latin, engraved on a large slab of red marble,
sets forth that the Pope investigated the evidence in support of the
miracle ; — ^but it contains no chronogram.

M£DAL on the third centenary of the Augsburg Confession,
the profession and rule of faith of the Lutheran Church,
compiled by Melanchthon, Luther, and others, signed by the Protestant
princes, and presented to the Emperor Charles the Fifth, on 25th
June 1530—

PETRA DIVInae VerItatIs hostIbVs Infense petIta ManebIt a
nobIs InConCVssa. = 1730

i,e. The rock of divine truth violently attacked by our enemies will remain
to us unshaken.

Jubilee medal, 1730, on the Augsburg Confession —
aVgVsto aVgVstae proLata fIDes aVgVsta reLVXIt
sICqVe reLVCebIt LVCIDa LVCe sVa. ^ = 1730

perpetVo.
i.e. In August the august faith of Augsburg continues to shine, and so
will it always shine bright with its own light.

A beautiful medal on the jubilee, in 171 7, to commemorate the
Reformation, which was established in Germany in 1517, bears these
inscriptions — Hd

frVstra qVos offenDIt sCeLestVs IMpLorat. = 17 17

1 =

224 THE AUGSBURG CONFESSION— REFORMATION,

peCCaVI aDIVVa Me. =171

eIVLat ILLe . Magna DIsparItas . IVbILat Iste. = 171

VnDIqVe proCeLLa preMItVr. = 171

In gaLLIa rIDetVr IMpIa ConstItVtIo. = 171

hIspanIa nIhILI DVCIt fVLMIna. = 171

sICILIa LVsIt InDIgna prorsVs MonIta. = 171

Caesar proVoCatVs DIra MInatVr, = 171

ET LVtheranorVM DoCt: IVbILat. = 171

Le, In vain does the wicked man implore those whom he has injured, —
Help me f I have sinned, — One cries outy the other rejoices^ great disparity,
— On all sides the storm gathers, — In France a wicked assembly laughs, —
Spain thinks the lightning is nothing, — Sicily plays unworthily with
these monitions, — Tlu emperor being provoked threatens terrible things.
— And the teacher {9) of the Lutherans rejoices,

A medal relating to Hungary, in the Buda-Festh Museum, bearing
the portrait of Jesus Christ, and inscribed — if

LaVDetVr IesVs ChrIstVs sVb gLorIa iETERNA aMen. = 1728
i.e. May Jesus Christ be praised with eternal glory. Amen,

1 he following is quoted as being in a book, ' De Numeratione
Multiplici,' by Heneschius : Paris, 1605. I have searched the book
mentioned, but without finding the chronogram. It is a passage from
the Te Deum of the Romish Missal, and gives the date of the Refor-
mation in Germany —

tIbI CherVbIn et seraphIn InCessabILI VoCe proCLaMant. = 15 17
i,e. To thee Cherubin and Seraphin with unceasing voice do cry out.

The next is remarkable, because the words are those which were
affixed to the cross of Christ, and they were made to express the
* religious peace ' of Nuremburg at the date of its occurrence —
IesVs nazarenVs reX IVDaeorVM. = 1532

A British Museum ms. volume of miscellaneous papers (press-
mark, Sloane 4459.) at fol. 107 a small tract is inserted,
indorsed on the back, * Astrologicall passages to happen in the yeare
1656,' the printed title being, *Remarques Astrologiques sur Tan
MDCLVi.:' by Matthieu Quester, Professor of Astrology at Paris. He
died in 1655, having predicted his own death and that of Madame
de Guise, and the predictions afterwards put into print were found in
his pocket after his death ; then follow four pages of prophetic utter-
ances, nearly eighty in number, about domestic and foreign affairs.
The page which next follows, and it is the last, I extract in full —

CHRONICA, ANNO MDCLVI

o gaLLe MaLe aDVenIs. = 1656

OBFEssVM sic DepLora. {sic) s= 1656

sChaLDIs ponteM fVge = 1656

nVnC DoLe MasarIne; = 1656

ASTROLOGICAL PREDICTIONS, 225

franCLg regnVM DepLora = 1656

Vere LaChrIManDo = 1656

MVtastI gaLLe DoLos = 1656

CantanDVM est beLgIs. = 1656

ChrIsto IesV, aVstrIaCoqVe prInCIpI eXCeLLentIssIMo ) _ , ,

eXIstat LaVs sItqVe gLorIa. J ^ ^

seD gaLLe Lege reqVIeM. = 1656

aVstrIa Longe CoMenDat. = 1656

aDIt LoCVM = 1656

DereLICtVM = 1656

MoDo VALENCENiE nItent = 1656

gaLLVs iETloPEM DeaLbat. = 1656

noLVIt paCeM Dare. = 1656

AN MoDo VeLLent, beLgI. = 1656

aVstrIaCo beLgo Da honoreM. = 1656

saCra reLIgIo MIra tIbI DabIt, = 1656

MIranDa LVCe. = 1656

ALLUSION,

bIen ICI (en fIn) saLaIr de MasarIn, ") _ ^ ,

DuYSENT ses hondert {^, printing imperfed), j ^ ^

nV 1st De Leste fransChe kerMes, = 1656

NotcL — Daer In begrepen Dat te VaLenCen gheDaen es = 1656
I. D. G. Fecit I. VELiiEVs, Civis Tenensis.^ 17 Julii 1656.

A book, under the pseudonym * Abraham \ Sancta Clara ' [Ulrich
Megerle]. (British Museum, press-mark 4423. ddd. 5.) The
title-page is, * Geistlicher Kramer-Laden, voUer apostolischer Wahren
und Wahrheiten, etc' Printed at Wiirzburg, anno 1725, etc Three
volumes of German Sermons, etc, in which many chronograms are
dispersed through, and are to be read along with, the subject of the
writings, giving their dates.

In vol. I. p. 144, there is a discourse about Saint Joseph, delivered
at the date 1675 ; it concludes with, ' Elogium in Gloriosissimura
Josephum Christi nutritorem et Christianorum protectorem,' in which
these lines occur (alluding to an Imperial Joseph ?) —

GRAtVLaMInI VobIs IpsIs REOliE ET HiEREDlTARliE PR0VInCLe.= 1675

Deo faVente, et IMperIo VoVente feLICIter enItetVr. = 1675
A IosephI ManV CVstoDIrI VoLVIt. = 1675

Josephus celestis faber,
tIbI ORNATlssIMfe tornatVrVs aC DoLatVrVs sIt. = 1675

lo DIWs IosephVs IaM est eLeCtVs, pater patrI^e. = 1675

Hoc lilium Josephus est, qui omnes sperare et ad
se venire jubet,

* These four lines and the author's designation 'Tenensis/ which I would translate
'Citizen of Dendennonde,' induce me to attribute the whole prediction to Flemish authorship.

2 F

i685
1685

226 CHRONOGRAMS IN SERMONS.

qVos MISERliE, VeL trIstes aLII DoLores tangVnt et

ANGVnT. =e 1675

losEPHE SE tIbI pIa aVstrIa CorDIaLIter sVbMIttIt et
sVbsternIt. = 1675

In volume 2. Saints Achatius, Hermagoras, Fortunatus, and

others, are the subjects of a discourse. At pp. 25, 27, 34, 40 —

aChatIVs Maneat CARNliE Defensor. == 1707

herMagoras CVstoDIet CARNliE partes. = 1707

TOTA pLebs DICat fortVnato gLorIaM. = 1707

aMbo sVnt LapIDes eLeCtI. = 1707

oMnes sVnt LapIDes seLeCtI. = 1707

gLorIa seMper Deo et iNCLIlTiE natIonIs patronIs. = 1707

In volume 2. p. 119, is this dedicatory conclusion to a dis-
coiurse —
honorI DeDICat DeVota natIo styrIaCa. = 1709

At p. 210, a discourse about St. Antony of Padua concludes —
In ILLo beneDICentVr oMnes. = 1708

aLLen 1st Von DIeseM reICher seegen. = 1708

At p. 354, a discourse about St Bernard contains —
bernarDVs pife pasCItVr k MarI^e Vbere et "
nVtrItVr a IesV Latere.
bernarDVs fIt nIVeVs et rVbeVs, A LaCte
MatrIs et natI sangVIne.

At p. 414, a discourse about St. Berthold contains-
beatVs berthoLDVs proDIgIosVs VtrIVsqVe aVstrIa
beneDICtVs. = 1695

In volume 3. p. 152, a discourse about St. Leopold^ con-
tains—

eCCe sanCtVs Leopold Vs IVXta Cor DeI eLeCtVs est. = 1682
saLVe seCVnDVs In VIrtVte MagnVs. = 1682

Leopold Vs MItIs In hIs IpsIs VI Va LeX erat. = 1682

DeVs VbIqVe hVMILes In spIrItV respICIt. = 1682

erat VerI: VIrtVosVs MILes et CorDe pVrVs. = 1682

si IVstI pik CLaMaVerInt Ipse eXaVDIet nos. = 1682

At p. 681, in a discourse about St. Norbert, Bishop of Magdeburg,
there is this allusion to a clock, on the face of which was a repre-
sentation of the saint. He indicated the hour by pointing to it with
his crozier —

DIVo norberto PATRlARCHiE Vestro sanCtIssIMo. = 1 7 14

horoLogIVM hoC pLAGiE^ In aVstrIA appenDI. = 1714

And at p. 715, in another discourse about St. Norbert, the follow-
ing occurs —

si fIDVs aMICVs proteCtIo fortIs, = 17 15

DIgnIssIMVs CERTk taLI tItVLo = 1715

^ Saint Leopold, called the Pious, was Markgiaf of Austria. He died in 113a He
was canonised in 1485. His day is isth November. See Butler *s ' Lives of the Saints,'
vol. i. p. 872.

' Plagense coenobium = SchldgI, a Prsemonstratensian monastery in Upper Austria.

CHRONOGRAMS IN SERMONS— PROVERBS.

227

frIDerICVs kraL MonasterII pLagensIs^

professvs,
Infra oCtaVaM DIVI PATRlARCHiE norbertI
sVb pr«Lato sIarDo prIMItIas sVas pik

CeLebrans.

} = 171S

= 1715

I = 171S

A BOOK in the British Museum (press-mark 1070. i. 10), 'Symbo-
r\, ^ logia Heroica Hexaglottos/ etc. etc By Henricus Kitsch.
Leipzig, 1608. This chronogram date is on the title-page, Anno
salutiferi partus,

Can Dor In terrIs res Inter MortVa PiENk = 1608

i,e. In this year after the birth of the Saviour ^ Candour in the earth
is a thing almost among the dead.

The dedication to several people of distinction is dated —
Anno CeDenDo DIVes satIs erIs. = 1608

i,e. You will be sufficiently rich by yielding.

A second section of the book has a title-page thus dated — 'Sub
auspicium ineuntis anni post incamationem Christi,'

probIs CeDVnt oMnIa rItI:. = 1608

i,e. Under the auspice of the coming year of our Lord^ all things move
well^ to the honest.

A third section of the book has this title-page, * Centuria Symbo-
lorum Chronologicorum serotinorum, Epoches Christianse m.dcvii.
cujus tessera —

CeDens teMporI sapIens habetVr. = 1607

i.e. A time-server is considered wise.

Then follows this alphabetical series of one hundred proverbs and
sayings, without any note or comment. All of them express the date
of the book, viz., 1607 —

aVrora aMICa DeIphobo. v

A Deo VICTORIA Mea. '

aVspICe Deo trIno eMergo.
aMICVs DItat.

assere Me a LIngVa DoLosIore.
aVfer a Me LabIa DoLosIora.
aDsIt ChrIstVs Mea spes. each line

aVDentIor Contra Ito gerMane. ) = 1607

anChora fIrMIor DeVs.
aDhere Deo DatorI VnICe.
aVersante Deo Labor oMnIs perItat LoNok.
arMa InfortVnato DoCtrIna.
aVLa LargIenDo beatIor Manet.
aVLa IMpLoranDo serenIor.
benIgna ore sonat, AST peCtore DaMnosIora reponVnt.

' See second note on preceding page.

228

PROVERBS,

bLanDa, ore LoqVentes, anIMo reprobrIora.
beneDIC InsVper Magno.

CanDore oMnes VfiNERES habItIores.
CVM bonIs BENk agenDI sors optata.

CONGREGANS In MeSSE PrVDeNS ERIt.

Casta DeVs Mens est In terrIs.

CONSTANTE tVeRE fIDeM RATIoNE.

CVraM In Deo repone sospItatore.
ConanDo oMnIa sVstIneo.
ChrIstVs nostra reDeMptIo.

CeRTE fata FERENDa iEQVANlMlTER.

ConstantIa DIgna faVore Manet.

DIsCe MorI VerL

DeVs est MIserICors.

DItat serVata DeCenter fIDes.

DVM spIro spero, sperans spe ChrIste retentor.

DeLatores pestes aVLa IMpIgr*.

DeVs oMnIa CernIt.

est profeCto DeVs MIserator presIs.

fIDe Deo Vero CorDe pIo.

fIrMIter, pVRt ET DeCore.

fIrMat DeVs Cor pIetate.

faCtVra In tIMore Doteros (sic).

faMa qVo serIor, e6 DeCentIor.

FATA VIaM DeCernent bonIs.

fatIs seCVnDIs Meto.

fortVnaM ConsIDerata ratIone sperne.

gratIa gratIaM DeCenter foVet.

gratIa DeCens artIVM ansa.

hoDIe MIhI, Cras tIbI, sortIs ratIo est.

In tIMore DeI, ConfortatIo sapIentIs Inest.

iNTEMPESTlVk Data noCent.

In DoMIno Cor roboratVr.

In MoLestIa gaVDeo LentL

InItIo MeDerI non fInI satIs Constat.

IoCVnDa possessIo hoMo.

Ipsa sVI MerCes aDorea.

In DoMIno sperare non erVbesCo.

LiETlTiA In DoMIno LIbertas pretIosIor.
Labor IMprobVs DItat Lent!:.
Labor et DoLor In VIta Manent.
Mens sana In Corpore sano DIV.
MoLLIa VItanDa.
MarCet sIne aDVersarIo honestas.
MeDICVs patIenter perferat sortes.
MoDestIa IngenII soLertIs LiErlTlA.

each line
= 1607

PROVERBS.

229

neMo ConfIDat rebVs prosperIs.
neMo Desperat In rebVs arCtIs.
NoLI aLtVM sapere InDIgnL xiV=i6o8.

obseqVere Deo In tIMore Constans. t
oMne graVe fatIsCIt DetRepente.
oMnIa tentanDo ConstantIa sVpero.
obseqVere MagnIs DeCente ratIone.
obseCVnDo DanDo DIgnare senIores. 51^ = 2107.
optatIora MagIs ConseqVenDo parabo.

portIo Mea ChrIstVs Dator.

PRiEEVNTE ChrIsTO DoMINO.

PRicMlA In aVLa pro Labore Derooata.
pife, IVsxfe, DeCenter, teMperanter.
proDesse oMnIbVs, noCere absIt.

PORTANT sVa PRiEMlA ARTES DeCeNTIoRES.

perfeCtIo non DatVr In Mora.

qVoD Do hoC orbIs tenuentI (sic) partes Da.

REGE Me DeVs In CceptIs. •
reperIt noCentIoreM DeVs. I each line

RES Inter MortVa Can Dor In terra. ) = 1607

ratIo ratIoneM DebILItat, eLIsIone hostIs.

sl DeVs pro nobIs, neMo Contra nos.
SPES pretIo eMpta VanesCIt De-repente.
seMper CaVte agenDo In terrIs.
seMper DeVs Constat sIbI.

SANCtA fIDeS ORBEM REGIt PERPETVb.

spartaM orna IngenII DeCentIorIs benIgnItate.
ser6 MeDICIna paratVr.
sapIens sat DICtVM habet.
sVspICIo Magna portenDens.
spernI ab Inerte DeCorVM.

transit teMpVs osCItanDo.
toLeranDo patIenter sVstIne MaLa.

VICtorIa a Deo Magno.

VeLLe MerIto DIgnor.

Vtere partIs MoDICfe.

Vna SERENA DIes MeLIora sperare Laborat.

VenIre In tempore DeCet.

Vtere MeDICIna. /

The rest of the book does not concern the subject of chronograms.
The volume concludes with another treatise bjr the same author,
' Auctarium Symbologise/ which is thus dated on its title-page by one
of the foregoing proverbs —

anno, sI DeVs pro nobIs, neMo Contra nos. = 1607

i.e. If God be with us, no one is against us.

230 SECRET WRITING AND SHORTHAND.

A CURIOUS work on secret writing, cyphers, and shorthand.
(British Museum, press-mark 6i6. 1. 9.) The title-page begins
' Gustavi Seleni Cryptomenytices et Cr3rptographi3e, Libri ix. etc.,'
folio, 1624. ^

The book is dedicated to Ferdinand 11., Emperor of Germany,
etc., and the author subscribes himself thus, ' Tuae Csesariae Majes-
tatis, Vasallus subjectissimus, obsequentissiinus, ac fidelissimus, dura
spiro, Gustavus de Selenici stirpe oriundus.' This, however, is a
pseudonym for Augustus 11., Duke of Brunswick-Liineburg.

There are several pages of epigrams, etc, addressed to the author,
and the following * eteostichon,' referring to this particular edition —
eDIDIt (InsIgnI phcebo aspIrante LaborI) ) _ ^^

DIVInA PRiESTANS ARTE SELENVS OPVs. J ^

Also two chronogram lines printed in the form of squares, wherein
the lines maybe read many times over in various directions; they are
too complex to reprint ; these are the lines —

Magna seLene probIs Das, o VIr LapsVs ab aXe. == 1622

o BENk! tV MVLtos VIVe seLene DIes. = 1622

At page 161 an example is given of th^ application of a method
of secret writing, and the key to it ; the author is supposed to have
written it to his brother, and he signs it (thus put in plain words),
Tuus fidelis frater Augustus Germanus, manu me& subscripsi,
Hoc est: p. gregorIVs DeCIMVs qVIntVs, = 1623

nomine, complectitur Annum Ch. m.dc.xxiii.

The book consists of 493 pages on this very curious subject, but
there are no more chronograms.

A book on the art of writing, by C. F. Gessner : Leipzig, 1743, V
£\^ (British Museum, press-mark 11899. bb. 4.), contains towards
the end of the volume an amusing poem on the subject, dated, Anno
Christi,

HERRN ABRAHAM SEILBRN bIbeI \

AN LeIbssrrafft IesVs benDeI, > = 1624

seInen berVff zV treIben freI. )

A British Museum ms. volume of miscellaneous papers (Sloane
£\^ 2764) contains some chronograms written on small pieces
of paper in various contemporary (?) handwritings ; they occur in the
following order : — *

At folio 10, by Suberin, concerning the Spanish fleet, Le. the
Armada, destroyed in 1588 —

^ With but four exceptions the letters d axe not counted; this is according to the method
of the Flemish chronogram makers. I have not met with any of this group in print.

THE SPANISH ARMADA— PRINCE MA URICE. 23 1

} = 1588

I ■

aqVore se IngentI IaCtat reX CLasse phILIppVs:
ILLa sed angLorVM robore VICta perIt.

At folio 60 (the date letters not distinguished by mark or
size) —

aMerICI VICtrIX ORBIs gens BiEXlCA, Vt ANGLoS ) _ oo

CLasse parat regno IVngere, pVLsa perIt. ] — iS<>o

At folio 61, by Suberin, on the death of William (the Silent) of
Nassau, Prince of Orange ; he was assassinated at Delft —
aVrIaCVs deCIMa sCLopo traIeCtVs IVLII deLphIs obIt
bataVI-«. = 1584

phcebIgeno deCIes prodIbat IVLIVs Igne 1 _ o

sCLoppETTO deLphIs dVM CadIt aVrIaCVs. J " 'So4

At folio 64, on a small slip of paper all written in small letters, the
date letters being red. In the original it makes 1593, although it
seems to allude to the Spanish Armada, destroyed in 1588 ; by abbre-
viating one of the terminations * que ' (as is frequently done), the latter
date is obtained The correction is accordingly made in the last
line —

hesperII eCCe, potens eoIqVe arbIter orbIs

InVadIt ratIbVs dIVIsos orbe brItannos: V — «r

dIVIte sed CLasse eXVItVr perdIqVe VIdere est f "" ^^
arMa, VIres, tabVLas, hIspanaq: Castra per Vndas.

At folio 65, on a small slip of paper, ' Suberini epigramma in illud :
Romanus sedendo vincit Carmen numerale ' —
grassantes beLLo gentes, sVperasse sedendo
soLIs roManIs LaVs ea soLa data est. , _ 00

ANOLiE NGN CERTk EST LaVs VILIoR HEROlNiE : ( "" 'S^^

LiETA SEDENS, VIRES FRANGIt IbERE tVaS.

At folio 92, concerning the death of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of
Orange, the German warrior, in 1625 —

oCCIdIt aCh prInCeps, o fata InIMICa bataVIs 1 soL beLgII,
nassoVIVs. = 1625

nassoVIVs prInCeps o fata InIMICa bataVIs soL Ipse
BELoICiE, oCCIdIt. = 1625

VICesIMa ATQVe TERTIa dIe APRILIs SOL OCCIdIt TERRiE
BATAVICiE, PRInCeP& = 1625

heV sCeLerata dIes VICesIMa tertIa aprILIs qVa beLgII

soL oCCIdIt. = 1625

ILLVstrIs CceLIs MaVrItIVs eCCe LoCatVr. = 1625

obIIt BATAVIiE DeCVs MaVrItIVs. = 1625

DeCVs BATAVIiE InterIt MaVrItIVs. = 1625

MaVrICIo henrICVs sVCCessor LeCtVs aprILL = 1625

MaVrICIVs fratrI henrICo sVa CessIt aprILI, nato brItanIas

IaCobe CaroLo. = 1625

MaVrItIVs abIt, henrICVs aDVenIt. = 1625

232 JOHN OF A USTRIA, ETC,

Obsessis Batavis vis est mille arcivm in illo ;
Hostibus obsessis nil vis mille arcivm in illis.
angLe perIsCeLIdIs federICo tradIs honores > — a

reX CarLe CarLbtonIs at tVI ManV. J - '^^7

VeXaVIt aVDaX rosseMI reX battaVos. = 1642

[No explanation is given of the two last chronograms.]

At folio 186 (written on a piece of paper, all in small letters), In
dicessum Hispanorum. Carmen Chronicum.

{By) Theodorus Berty—
Vt VenIens beLgIs tenebras hIspana tVLIstI ) _

sIC abIens LVCeM pLebs sCeLerata refers. / — ^577

{By) Maximilianus Micault —
MartIa LVX aLbo sIgnanda VICena LapILLo ) _

haC pLebs ad patrIos tendIt Ibera Lares. j "" '5''

In adventum illustrissimi Dfii: Joan: Austriaci.^
{By) Ludovicus Micault-

brVXeLLIs MaII, phcebo spLendente, CaLendIs. ) _

aVstrIades sanCt^ gLorIa paCIs adest. f '577

brVXeLLIs MaII, pil«-CLaro soLe, CaLendIs, ) _

HisPANiE aVstrIades gentIs abaCtor adest. j ■" '577
{By) Maximilianus Micault —

dIVe phILIppe tVa brVXeLLa McenIa LVCe \ _ ^ ^

sedVLVs aVstrIaCVs LaVta sVbIVIt eqVes. j "" '577

JL^A^ JL^A^ jL^tS^ jL^lS^ JL^{S^ JL^

T)d^HAPS no chronogram has been more quoted than this line
JL froni Ovid,2 * Filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos.' Le.
The son pretnaturdy makes inquiry into the years^ or age, of his father.
One writer quotes from another, sometimes with the misleading
remark that it relates to Charles v.,* or says that it relates to a per-
sonage variously designated Prince Charles, son of Philip 11.,^ the
Infanta of Spain, or Don Carlos, but without any further explanation.
It really refers to Charles, the eldest son of Philip, King of Spain, and
to a circumstance which, whether true or false, has been the subject of
much suspicion and dispute. Fuller^ introduces the chronogram,
and an English version of it, in the following quaint words (in remark-

^ John of Austria, GoYernor of the Netherlands. See chronogiam, p. 119, ante,
' Ovid, Metamorph, i. 148.

* Presumably Charles v.. Emperor of Germany, who died in 1558.
^ See chronogram on Philip 11., at p. 115, ante,

• • The Holy SUte,' by Thomas Fuller, B.D., Prebendary of Sarum, folio edition, 1663.
Book I chap. 14.

Opmerus was the author
thereof: Famianus de
hello Belgico, Lib. 7.
pag. 432.

FILIUS ANTE DIEM: DON CARLOS—LOUIS L 233

ing about the moral state of an ' elder brother '), < He rather desires
his Other's Life than his Living. This was one of the principal
reasons (but God knows how true) why Philip the Second, King of
Spain, caused, in the year 1568, Charles, his eldest son, to be executed
for plotting his father's death, as was pre-
tended. And a wit in such difficult toyes
accommodated the numerical letters in Ovid's
verse to the year wherein the prince suffered —
fILIVs ante DIeM patrIos InqVIrIt In annos. = 1568

BEFORE THE tIMe, THE OVeR HASTY SONNE ) _ ,^

SEEKS FORTH HOW NEAR THE FATHER'S LIfE Is DoNE. / "* ^^

But if they had no better evidence against him but this poetical
synchronisme, we might count him a martyr/

It has been often remarked, how curious it is that the words of
Ovid should contain the date of an event in modem history. The
story is briefly this : — Charles, the firstborn son of Philip 11., was bom
in 1545 j at the age of seventeen he sustained an accident, — he
recovered, but was thenceforth subject to periodical insanity. Not
liking the discipline put upon him by his father, he endeavoured to
escape to the Netherlands, where he hoped to rule at pleasure. His
plan was frustrated. His conduct to every one for some years was
mtolerable ; he hated his father, who would not allow him to interfere
with public afG&irs. At length, being discovered in a further attempt
to fly to the Netherlands, to place himself at the head of the
insurgents, the king, under the advice of his best counsellors, on the
19th January 1568, confided him to the care of six gentlemen, who
were always to be with him, night and day. His conduct became more
strange, and a malignant fever was the consequence ; being at . the
point of death, he asked his father's pardon, and had his blessing ; he
received the last Sacraments, and died on 24th July 1568. It was
asserted that Philip was the rival of his son in the affections of a
German princess, who loved the latter and detested the king, and that
jealousy forced the king to the most tyrannical treatment of the youth.
It was said also that Charles was persecuted by the Inquisition, and
was at length poisoned by order of his father. Such tales are said to
be without the shadow of foundation in contemporary writers of Spain,
or ' even in common sense,' and the fact remains that the youth,
always headstrong and obstinate, became insane, and his father
behaved towards him with much moderation.

^The same line fix>m Ovid has been borrowed to make the
following chronogram to mark the year of the death of Louis i. of
Spain, at the early age of seventeen, after a reign of only a few
months — F

fILIVs ante DIeM sVa patrIa regna LVCratVs. = 1724

prIVatVr LVCro fILIVs ante DIeM. = 1724

i,e. The son before his time gains his paternal kingdoms ; the son be/ore
his time is deprived of his gain,

2 G

234 CHARLES F.

Epitaph on Charles v. (of Spain), Emperor of Germany, made by
Franciscus Swertius, author of ' Epitaphia joco-seria.' Quoted from
Pettigrew's ' Chronicles of the Tombs ' —
CaroLVs est IntVs reCVbans hoC noMIne qVIntVs
eX rebVs gestIs reLIqVa haVt nesCIre potestIs. = 1557

t.e, Charles the Fifth by that name lies within^ from his deeds ye can by
no means be ignorant of the rest. This date is incorrect ; he died on
2 1 St September 1558.

The following is extracted from ' Annales de la Soci^t^ d'6mula-
tion/ S6rie 3"^. Vol. 8. Bruges, 1872.

Some relics of St. Martin of Tours were translated to the church
at Lophem, near Bruges in Flanders, on 2d October 1768 ; a chest
was provided to receive them by Thomas de Schietere. These
chronograms relate to the event (the letters v count as 11 = 2).

VIVaT PRiECLARlssIMUS CAPSiB DONATOR, = 1 768

ROEPT aL geLYCk VIVat Den heer Van LopheM. = 1768

Dat Lang LeVe Den LUYster Van De sChIeters. = 1768

Contributed by the Rev. Walter Begley : — Daniel, Archbishop of
Mayence, died in 1563; hisr son erected a monument shortly after-
wards, with an inscription containing this chronogram —
si tIbI neC VlTiE, neC fatI teMpora Constant
CoLLIge perLongIs arte notata notIs. = 1563

GERMAN MONASTERIES.

' IX folio volumes are devoted to the history or chronicles
of the monasteries of Germany (a somewhat uncertain
geographical expression) down to an early period in
the seventeenth century. A list of the abbots, priors,
benefactors, and other eminent personages, from the
time of the foundation of the several establishments, together with
a large amount of interesting information, is given, all in the Latin
language. A few chronograms adorn the pages, and serve to
vary the monotony of the narratives. The work alluded to has
(briefly) this title, ' Collectio Scriptorum ' (concerning the monasteries,
etc., of Germany) Curante P. R. D. Michaele Kuen. Ulmae, 1755.
The British Museum copy is contained in two thick volumes, press-
mark 488. i. I. The pagination is in sections, not consecutive through
the volumes.

THE monastery at Awense. In the epitaph of Joannes Baptista
Dantzer —
CoenobII saCra qVI sVrgeret hVIVs In icDE,

baptIstA potIor neMo Ioanne fVIt. = 1734

Le. Whoever might arise in the sacred house of this monastery^ no one
was better than John Baptist

THE monastery at Beyberg. This verse, inscribed at the
entrance to die refectory, shows the names of the founders
and their date —

236

GERMAN MONASTERIES,

aVthor eras otto, ConraDe, eberharDe beate

BEVRBERGiG FRATRES VOS TENET VrNA PIoS.^ = 1 121

U. Thou wast the author of Beyberg, O Otto, O Conrad, O blessed
Eberherdf the tomb holds you pious brethren. This is followed
by the biography of several abbots; the historian says, 'However,
before proceeding to that, it has pleased the most reverend D. D. Paul
Steinheir to introduce the chronicle intituled, Chronologium Laco-
nium regularis Canonicae Beybergensis,' stato hospes et aVDI, hoC
ANNO a partV VIrgInIs ego beIIberga Deo sponsa fIo.^ = 1122
i>. O stranger^ stand and hear, in this year after the Virgin giving
birth, I Bey berg became the spouse of God.

The chronicle then follows, concluding thus —

Conservet munificentissimus Deus, ita precantur

bonI,

eXterI,

nobILes,

nostrI,

oMnes

zeLo

AVRELlANiE

InCensIs

sanCtItatIs

beneVoLentIas

eXhIbentes

regVLarIbVs

gregIbVs

eLeCtorIsqVe

reLIgIosIs.

On Henry, the first abbot

t,e. May the most bounti-
ful God preserve it, so
pray all of us. The good,
the strangers, the noble,
our people, all men, ex-
hibiting the benevolence of
sanctity with the secU oj
) =1717 Aureliana, to those who

are zealous to the r/gu-
lars, to their flocks, and
to the religious Electors.
[No date is mentioned.
Probably in this year,
171 7, a religious festival
was held.]

The chronogram was probably made

by the historian now being quoted —
henrICVs yrIngensIbVs baronIbVs parentIs Instar CharVs
VIrtVte, asCesI, reLIgIone VIgILantIa, PRfiPOSlTVs beVr-
BERGiE nVLLIs seCVnDVs qVIaI. obIIt. = 1184

i.e. Henry, Abbot of Beyberg, as a parent dear to the Barons of Iringsberg,
second to none in virtue, in self -denial, in piety, in vigilance, died [i 184].

Martinus Curtius, abbot, died 1582 —
zeaLatorI, propagatorI reLIgIonIs CANONlCiE, VIrtVte,
prVDentIa, DIgnItate ConspICVo, PATRliE patrI, antIstItI
sVo beVrber* ereXbrVnt posterI, Ita VIVIt In fVnere
sapIens. = 1582

i.e. To the zealous propagator of the canonical religion, conspicuous for
virtue, prudence, and dignity, the father of his country, their own presi"
dent of Beyberg, posterity have erected this monument, so lives a wise
man in his death, (This seems to have been part of a funeral oration
which was extant tempore authoris,)

^ The earlv dates expressed by these and some other chronograms mnst not be taken
as evidence of such early use or composition.

GERMAN MONASTERIES. 237

G^oigius Scriba, thirty-first abbot, died 1600. This is on his tomb-
stone—

gsorgIVs sCrIba pr^posItVs reLLIgIone, sCIentIa, honorI-
bVs, Corpore MagnVs, InsCrIptVs parVo saXo Latet. = 1600

Le, George Scribe^ abbot, great in religion^ science^ honours, and body,
ties hid recorded by a small stone,

Eberhardus Mayr, thirty-fifth abbot, died 1634. His epitaph con-
sists of six hexameter and pentameter lines, concluding thus —
Nusquam mortis ab insidiis Eberharde, nee unquam

tVtVs es, eXCVbIas tV tIbI pone DoMI. = 1634

Le. Thou art nowhere safe, O Eberhard, from the sfiares of death, nor
at any time ; do thou keep watch for thyself at home,

Simon Bauhofer, thirty-sixth abbot, died 1653. This is on his
tombstone —

hIC sIMon DeLItet. ' = 1653

/>. Here Simon lies hid; followed by a column of Latin verses in the
metre of the second ode of Horace, concluding thus —

Semper hinc vemos sine nube soles
Manibus Simonis ab axe poscis
Hospes, accedat tua lux perennis

DICIs oLIMpo. = 1653

Christophorus Sedelmayer, thirty-seventh abbot, died 1659. This
is on his tombstone —

ChrIsTOPHORVs SEDeLMaIr, ore, HONORE, ^ETATE PRiESTANS

obHt. = 1659

i,e, Christopher Sedelmayer, excellent in eloquence, honour, and in age.

Paulus Steinherr, thirty-ninth abbot, died 1696. This is on his
tombstone, thus (the initial letters being large, but not having any
special meaning) —
Quos Vigil Inter Eram, Solus Credo Inde, Tacendo

SIC

Passim Alios Varie Ludere Vita Solet.
paLLas sILet VIrtVs IaCet ChorVs taCet LaChrIMatVr
beVrberga In fVnere sponsI paVLI steInherr antIstItIs. = 1696
ue, (As to the chronogram) — Pallas is silent, virtue is defected, the
choir is dumb, Beyberg weeps at the funeral of her husband, Paul
Steinherr the abbot,

Patricius Bartl, fortieth abbot, died 17 13. The historian wrote
this epitaph —

patrItIVs BiERTL senIo VenerabILIs professIone, saCerDotIo,
IVBlLiEVs gratIa pr^sVL BEVRBEROiE, In paCe eLeCtVs, In
beLLo ereCtVs, hIC IaCet abIeCta pr^LatVra LIber abIIt. = 17 13
i.e, Patricius Bartl, venerable by his age, by his profession, by his
priesthood, surpassing in grace. Abbot of Beyberg, elect in peace, erect in
war; he lies here having laid aside his prelacy ; he departed a free man.

238 GERMAN MONASTERIES,

THE Monastery at Hildesheim. The epitaph of the most
reverend John Fiinffleuthner commences thus —
hVnC LapIDeM, etc etc. = 1656

Le. This stone, a grateful posterity has set up, etc, etc. The rest is not
chronographic

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

THE Monastery at Rottenbach, in Bavaria, a place of much
repute. Michael Piscator, thirty-fourth abbot, died 1663.
This verse is on his tombstone —
trIpLICe fVnICVLo bene tentVs PRiEsVLIs arCVs

soLVItVr, Vt ferIat fIXa sagItta sCopVM. = 1663

i,e. The bow of the Abbot being tuell stretched with a triple cord, is let go,
that the fixed arrow may hit the mark.

THE Monastery at Unterstorf. Augustinus Liebhardus Michl,
thuty-ninth abbot, died 1751, aged 90, This is on his tomb-
stone—
DoCtor MIChL, requiescat in pace. = 1751

3"^HE Monastery at Ulm (?). Georgius Boner, twenty-ninth abbot,
died 1635, aged seventy-three. His epitaph ends thus —
thereo in coetu fulget, victurus in annos
iEternos vitae et proemia mortis habet,
VfgIt fata seneX, fregIt taMen atropos aUra

fILa: senI Dones ergo saLVtIs aVe. = 1635

i.e. He shines in the heavenly assembly, about to live for ever, he has the
rewards of life and of death; the old man fled from hisfcUe^yet Atropos
broke the threads of life : you may therefore give Jo the old man a greeting
of salvation.

Another inscription to him *in the church before its restoration' —
pVLCher In i^STHEREA antIstes boner arCe nItebIt
PER CVIVs IVssA HiEC teMpLa saCrata nItent. = 1627

ue. The Abbot Boner will shine gloriously in the heavenly citadel,
through whose commands these sacred temples shine,

'T^HE monastery of Roggenburg. Concerning two abbots, John
X £tnd Stephen, ' Poeta quid^ inter Joannem de Nefra et
Stephanum n., comparationem instituens ita canit'

GERMAN MONASTERIES, 239

POST ERAT antIstes MICheL De nefra Ioannes. = 1653

Ter dignus praeses rexit fana atque profana. "j

FANA, PROFANA REGIt STEPHANVS DeXtERRIMVS ABBAS V =1745

saCratVs PRfisVL LVsTRA nIVata tIbI. J

/>. After Michael de Nefra^ Joannes was the thrice worthy abbot; he
ruled all things sacred and profane. Things sacred and profane Stephen
a right clear abbot rules^ as consecrated president may he live many years /

The text of the history does not mention dates to confirm the
chronogram.

On the occasion, in 1726, of a religious festival procession in
honour of St. Venatius ; he was represented in an emblematical group,
the seventh in the order of march, and this chronogram was com-
posed by a * clever genius ' of Roggenburg —
POST HiEC seX MartIIrI VenatIo Vestros ConfIDIte

ANNOS. =1726

Le. After these six, intrust thy ^ years ' to Venatius Martyr,

Then followed in procession a triumphal car containing this curi-
ous assemblage, viz., a representation of the Flesh, the World, and
the Devil, also Ambition; likewise a group of St Venatius with
Faith, Hope, and Charity, ' quarum sub pedibus jacebat Tyrannus
cum sacrificulis, coronatus cum hac scriptura,
His VICto Iosa {sic) Vos DebeLLaVIt VenatII Mors.' == 1726

Then followed the sacred body of St. Venatius, and the procession
arrived at an arch put up by the philosophers of Roggenburg, thus
inscribed —

PHlLosoPHliE PALiBSTRA Dat Ista roggenbVrgo reVIVIsCentI
MVnera. = 1726

i,e. The contest of philosophy * presents gifts to reviving Roggenimrg,

Another arch was inscribed with these chronograms addressed
to St. Venatius —

VenatI MagneI VerI: tIbI serVIre CVpIentes ne DespICe. = 1726
IngreDIentI Coronato VenatIo DeVot^ appLaVDVnt
phILosophI. = 1726

i,e, O great Venatius! disdain not those desiring to serve thee truly. The
philosophers ^ devotedly applaud the crowned Venatius now entering,

A triumphal arch at the entrance to the church was thus inscribed —
sIt Deo patrI fVtVrI afiCVLI seMpIterna LaVs et
gratIa. = 1726

i,e. Be eternal praise and grace to God the Father, of eiierlasting ages.

The restoration of the church was thus recorded on an angle
thereof—

ANNO A natIVItate DeI hoMInIs IesV ChrIstI saLVatorIs
nostrI, et pastorIs bonI fLVente. = 1732

i,e. In the year after the nativity of God-man, Jesus Christ our Saviour
and good Sheplierd,

^ The students of philosophy at the neighbouring college.

240 GERMAN MONASTERIES.

and that the Abbot Dominicus —

Hoc edificium e fVnDaMento reCens eXstrVI CVraVIt,

ETC Exa = 1732

Le. recently caused this building to be restored from the foundation^ and

laid the first stone 27M May 1732.

The history proceeds to give the names of distinguished persons
present at the festival, with this chronogram —
saLVete bonI, pII posterI et nobIs In ^ternItate
VersantIbVs aLIqVanDo Pik PRiECAMlNl. = 1752

i,e, Haily ye good and pious posterity^ pray piously for us who shall one
day be in eternity.

The obsequies of the Abbot Dominicus are described, when an
emblem was used of a pelican feeding its young with its own blood,
in allusion to his liberality to the monastery, inscribed thus —
ET tV LVX oCVLIs hoDIerna noVIssIMa nostrIs. = 1735

i,e. And thou the light of this day, which is the newest day to our eyes.
From Ovid, Heroid. Epist 9.

The Abbot Caspar is praised for his domestic and public manage-
ment, and his building of a chapel there is thus dated—
paX hVIC DoMVI eXstrVI CiEPXiE anno natI nobIs
serVatorIs. = 1746

faVentIbVs Ver6 sVperIs sVb pIIs E). IoannIs nep: atqVe
IsIDorI patroCInIIs aD Vota PERFECXiE. = 1747

ie. Peace to this house, which began to be built in the year from the
nativity of our Saviour 1 746, and the powers above favouring our
prayers, was brought to a happy conclusion, under the pious auspices of
St. John of Nepomuk and St. Isidore.

And tiiis further inscription —
In LoCo Isxo Dabo paCeM. = 1752

i.e. In this place will I give pecue. Haggai ii. 10.

The history describes the laying of the foundation of a church at
Roggenburg, when these chronograms were conspicuous among the
decorations — •

DVX PRO noVa /eDe roggenbVrgana DeVs CrVCIfIXVs esxo. = 1752
i.e. May the crucified God be the leader of the new church of Roggenburg 1
DoNo Isxo gLorIosa Maxer fLorens fLoresCax. = 1752

i.e. May the glorious excellent mother grow into repute by this gift I

On the foundation-stone, on the right side —
gLorIa DoMIno CresCax. = 1752

And on the left side —
Candida CanonIa spLenDeax. = 1752

On either side of the stone — lo ! eCCe LapIDeM. = 1752

six aD eCCLesIaM. = 1752

i.e. Rejoice, behold the stone, may it become a church!

And below, in the centre —
soLI Deo gLorIa, Casparo fLora Maneax. = 1752

i.e. May glory be to God^ and may {the church) continue blooming to
{the Abbot) Caspar,

GERMAN MONASTERIES. 241

Another inscription' —
MatrI sViE propItI-* fILII se sIstVnt sVbDItI aggratVLantes
noVa eXorta festa hILarIa, atqVe soLennIa« = 1752

/>. The sons place themselves in subordination to their propitious mother^
glad on account of this new, happy, and solemn festvvaL

Another, Sub ipso summo angulari lapide Christi Jesu (Eph. ii. 20),
and below it —

heM pLebs De bIberaCo soCIata. = 1752

i,e, O associated people of Biberach (in Wiirtemberg, who were as-
sembled on the occasion).

An image of the crucifixion was thus inscribed —
qVI faCtVs est In CapVt angVLI propItIVs hIC eXIstat

RElNiEDlFlCAND-* ECCLESliE ROGGENBVrGENSI. = 1752

Le, He who was made the head of the comer, let him here be propitious
for the restoration of the church of Roggenburg.

Another inscription —
Cerne hIC LapIDeM. = 1752

/>. Here behold the stone.

On the tombstone of Norbertus Thausean —
CasparVs CoLLegII roggenbVrgensIs abbas, . aC s . r . I .
PRiELATVs fILIo sVo perCharo preCatVr reqVIeM. = 1737

ue. Caspar, abbot of the College of Roggenburg, and prelate of the Holy
Roman Empire, prays rest for his very dear son,

LUTZELBURG Benedictine Monastery; the seventh abbot,
Johannes Harderus, died 1549. At his funeral all the nobility
of the state were present, and the historian, who wrote in the year
1682, proceeds to say, 'de quo talia ego lusi epigrammata, quibus
annus per litteras numerum significantes insertus est;* — another
instance of a chronogram being made a long time after the date it
represents. Then follow these verses —
CaroLe DIVe, gVbernator tWs InCLItVs ILLe M

LVtzeLbVrgenses ConVoCat eCCe statVs. = 1449

Aliter.
In LVtzeLbVrgo CoIt orDo totVs eqVestrIs

ConVoCat hVnC qVIntVs CaroLVs eCCe Leo. = 1449

i.e. O sacred Charles, behold that renowned governor of thine calls
together the States of Lutzelburg; the whole of the equestrian order comes
together at Lutzelburg, lof the Lion, Charles the Fifth calls them together.

4i4i4i*4i#4i4i4H|i«#4i4i«*4i#**4i«i4i*«4i4.«4i*«**4>****4>

PETERSHAUS, or Domus Petri, Benedictine monastery at Con-
stanz, was burnt by the Spanish soldiers in 1548, when the
Bishop of ... ? was in refuge there. He was killed on the bridge

2 H

242 GERMAN MONASTERIES.

by a bullet, 'Sclopetae ictu occubuit/ the event was thus chrono-
graphed by his learned secretary Andreas Mazius —

PRiEsVLIs eXeqVIIs tVMVLo ConstantIa t^edas M

EN dabat aCCendIt sangVIne tInCtVs Iber. = 1548

The letters d are not counted.

RUBDORF, or Regii Fontis, a Benedictine Monastery, was
founded in 1302 by Albert, Archduke of Austria, and Elizabeth
his 3¥ife. The historian amused himself on the occasion of a jubilee
c{irca 1680) by making this epigram, nearly 400 years after the event —
regIVs hIC fons est, aLberte a rege potente \ j^

a DVCe ConstrVCtVs, pannona terra, tVo, f _

IpsIVs et generosa et honesta ConIVge eLysa: j ^°

iETERNi QViE sVnT CORPORA HONESTA POLI. )

i.e. Here is the ^ Royal fountain^ constructed by thy duke^ O land of
Pannofiiay and by Elizabeth^ his noble and honourable wife; and who
are honourable denizens of the eternal sky.

' QPAINSHARTUM' Monastery, in the diocese of Ratisbon.
»^ The death of John of Eglosstein, on i6th May 1539, is
expressed in his epitaph —

rVra sVas VIoLas, teLLVs habet aVrea fLores M

CVM SPANHARTENsI reCtor InarCerVIt. (j^)= 1539

/ e. The country had its violets^ the golden land had its flowers when the
Abbot of Spansharten was buried (i.e. in the springtime).

' T TSPERGUM' Monastery was founded] in 1125 by Wemher,
\^ Count of Schwabeck, in Sweden. The historian made some

verses thereon (circa 1680), about SS^ X^^s after the event; the

verses conclude thus —

eX qVo Vsperga fIt a Wernhero eXtrVCta CeLebrI M

In sVeVIs, rVDIs aC parVa tabeLLa CaVet. = 1125

i.e. After these events Usperga was built by Werner^ renowned in

Sweden^ a rude and small tablet records this.

ON the occasion of a festival at Salzburg, on the consecration of
the new cathedral, triumphal arches were put up in the line of
a procession, inscribed to patron saints, and with chronogram dates.

GERMAN MONASTERIES: SALZBURG. 243

Arch to Saints Rupert and Virgilius, and to the Holy Trinity —
gLorIa patrI et fILIo, et spIrItVI sanCto, sICVt erat In F
prInCIpIo et nVnC et seMper et per seCVLa. = 1682

i>. Glory be to the Father ^ the Son, and the Holy Ghost ^ as it was in
the beginnings is now, and always^ and for ever.

PORTA SANCTlSSlMiE TRIaDI ET BEATIs rVpERTO ET VIrgILIo,

tVtorIbVs, InItIata. = 1682

i.e. An arch put up to the most Holy Trinity ^ and to the blessed protect-
ing saintSy Rupert and Virgilius.

On the arch to St. Martin —
sanCto PRiEsVLI MartIno a CapItVLo saLIsbVrgensI HiEC
portICVs ereCta fVIt. = 1682

i.e. This arch was erected by the Chapter of Salzburg to the bishop
Saint Martin.

On the arch to Saints Rupert, Vitalis, and Amand —
sanCtIs rVperto, VItaLI, aManDo, IVgIter et pIe
tVtantIbVs. =r 1682

i.e. Tb Saints Rupert^ Vitalis^ and Amandy continually and piously
defending us.

On the arch to Saint Erentrude —
hanC portaM pro VeneratIone BEATiE VIrgInIs erentrVDIs

POSVErVnT FiLIiE. c= 1682

i.€. For respect to the blessed virgin Erentrude^ her daughters have
erected this arch.

On the arch to Saint Vincent —
D. Vincentio, athletse Christi fortissimo, equulei,
craticulae, tormentorumque victori, anno seculari DICant
ET eXstrWnt MVs/e saLIsbVrgenses. = 1682

i.e. To Vincent^ a most strong soldier of Christy the conqueror over the
rack and tortures y in this centenary year, the Muses of Salzburg dedicate
and erect this.

On the arch to Saint Hermes —
DIVI herMetIs honorIbVs Ita statVerVnt proVInCIaLes. = 1682
i.e. The people of the province have erected this in honour of Saint
Hermes.

On the arch to Saints Chrysanthus and Dana —
porta honorIs b. Chrysantho et DARliE VXorI a MagIstratV F
saLIsbVrgI posIta. = 1682

i.e. This gate of honour hcu been put up by the magistracy of Salzburg
to the blessed Chrysanthus and Daria his wife.

MONASTERY AT OLMUTZ.

RARE book, probably a very rare book in this country,
lent to me by Rev. Walter Begley ; it is of folio size,
without date (in figures) or pagination, printed at
Olmiitz, in Moravia. It describes in the Latin language
certain ceremonies, preachings, and demonstrations in
the year 1732, at the Praemonstratensian Monastery^ near Olmutz,
to the glorification of the Virgin Mary, and the centenary of the
inauguration of the miracle-working statue of her, brought there
or discovered through some angelic or miraculous agency.

The Latin narrative is followed by an essay having a similar
purpose, in German, and by another in the old Bohemian language.
The title occupies the first three pages, and is printed in long and
short lines, after the fashion of some monumental inscriptions, in
various and conspicuous type. It is as follows, as far as the first
chronogram, which is towards the end of the first page —

Enthronisticum Parthenium, sive gloria et honor neo-
inauguratae augustissimae coelorum reginae Mariae in thaumaturga
effigie sua, portentoso angelorum famulatu allata, toto orbe Germano
celeberrimae ; prope Metropolim Olomucensem in Marchionatu
Moravias Integra sasculi serie in monte sancto sue miraculose prae-
monstrato, gratiis, prodigiisque clarissimae :

qVm ConfIrMata est Contkstante Deo, sIgnIs et portentIs,
ET VarIIs VIrtVtIbVs. — ^Ad Hebr. 2. v. 4. = 1733

/>. JVhich is confirmedy God bearing witness by signs and wonders and
divers virtues. This chronogram gives the date of the book 1733.

The title then sets forth the authority and approval of the Pope,
and the presence on the occasion of many ecclesiastical dignitaries
and people of rank in the land. The book is replete with curious

OLMUTZ MONASTERY. 245

reading concerning the monastery, and particulars of the miracles
said to have been wrought there ; but my business is with the chrono-
grams, and with just si^cient mention of other matters necessary to
explain them.

Processions and triumphal arches are first described, with decora-
tions and chronographic inscriptions, thus —
saLVe sanCta parens, enIXa pVerpera regeM.

STRATOS aD pLaNTAS PROTEGE VIrGO TVoS. = 1732

Mater ChrIstI, VIrgo VeneranDa, Vas spIrItVaLe, Vas
honorabILe, ora pro nobIs. =1732

VIrgo potens, VIrgo fIDeLIs, speCVLVM IVsTlTliE. = 1732

A representation of certain saints, inscribed —
QViE VsqVe In SiECVLVM non DeLebItVr. = 1732

eXorItVr SiECVLVM HVPERDVLIiE. = 1732

A SiECVLo tV es, WLtVs VarIetate MIranDa. = 1732

After this follow one hundred chapters describing the same number
of miracles wrought there, and the triumphal arches adorned with
pictures of the miracles, with appropriate mottoes, and some chrono-
graphic inscriptions.

Miracle 5. A woman was delivered firom spell and incantation,
' Platanus serpentes et vespertiliones arcens. Procul ab umbra.'
EN patVLa VERiE pLatanI haVD reqVIesCo «Vb VMbra, = 1732
qVaM eXto sVbsIDIo Casta pVeLLa tVo. = 1732

Miracle 9. Facit sterilem in domo, Matrem filiorum Isetantem. —
Psal. 112. v. 9.

PATRONiE effIgIes parIentIs VIrga pVtatVr;
E pLanta haC fLos est, VIrgIne Matre DeVs. = 1732

Miracle 10. The device, 'Palladis effigies, Trojae praesidium' —
VIrga DIV DVCIs IsaCIDes InsVeta patraVIt, = 1732

eXerCetqVe eX hoC teMpore VIrgo DeI. = 1732

A triumphal arch was erected at the foot of the mountain with a
profusion of inscriptions, the first concerning the meeting of the Virgin
and Elisabeth —

eXVrgens MarIa, fceDerIs arCa, abIIt

festInanter, et saLVtaVIt eLIsabeth. = 1732

foeCVnDa Verbo VIrgo Montes i .-o^^^Jt —

graVata fcetV CerVa pontes |appetit. - 1732

Then follow several epigrams, and
atoLLIte portas Vestras, et IntroIbIt DeXterA natVM

baIVLans regIna oLoRliE. = 1732

QViE EST IsTA REgInA oLORliE ? REGInA EST ANGELOrVM,

pVra et sanCta, DeI genItrIX. = 1732

MoNs Dabo Cor Constans, noX* eXpers eXperIerIs. = 1732

MoNs DoCet hoC eX se: paX ero neXa pIIs. = 1732

Miracle 47. A person is cured of the smallpox and mortal phrensy.
The narrative makes a playful use of the word ' macula,' the spot of
the disease and of moral sin, and of Mmmacula' as signifying the
miracle-working virgin ; and there is this chronogram —

246 OLMUTZ MONASTER K

DVM speCVLI fVLgor VIbrata Venena retorqVet, = 1732

MoX basILICe tVo WLnere DVra feres. = 1752

The elaborate religious services on the occasion, with processions
and preachings, are described, together with an image of the "Virgin
crowned, made of white wax, bearing this chronogram —
OFFERT In Ipsa DIe CoronatIonIs senatVs, et popVLVs
IVLIo-HontanVs. = 1732

The number of devotees who were assembled may be inferred
from the statement that the total number of communicants in the one
week was 96,926.^

Alter this follows a sort of ode occupying ten pages, and serving
as a title to this section of the book ; the seven following chronograms,
which are scattered through the composition, give the date 1733. It
begins thus —

' Corona sacro-montana, sive Constellatio coeli Mariani, nocte
super media gloriosissimas coronationis augustissimse coelorum impera-
tricis Maris thaumaturgae statuse, ab angelis allatse, in
horizonte mentis Fraemonstrati ad Olomucium, Die 21 Septembris

MDCCXXXII.'

Some of the lines of this composition are quotations from Scripture
formed into chronograms; they unavoidably lose some of their
significance by being removed from their place in the text —
RORATE CceLI DesVper, ET nVbes pLVant IVstVM ; aperIatVr
TERRA. Isaiah 46. v. 8. = 1733

DoneC egreDIatVr, Vt spLenDor, IVstVs eIVs, et saLVator:
Isaiah 62. v. i. = 1733

DVXIt Me reX In CeLLarIa sVa. Canticles. = 1733

QViE ConfIrMata est Contestante Deo sIgnIs, et portentIs,
ET VarIIs VIrtVtIbVs. Hebrews 2. v. 4. = 1733

QViE aVDIstIs, et VIDIstIs? qVIa CifiCI VIDent. Luke 7.
V. 22. = 1733

Vt aVXILIVM CLaVDI. « 1733

ET VnVs eX ILLIs NGN CaDet sVper terraM sIne patre
Vestro. Matthew 10. v. 29. = 1733

Then follow 'Allusiones qusedam in litteram C, seu primum
Sseculum Marianum,' being a set of epigrams on the crescent shape
of the rising sun and the new moon, and the significance of the letter
C to the hundredth anniversary or centenary then being celebrated ;
concluding with the following * coronis* or flourish, in which the
initial letters of the words produce the first year of the second
*Marianic' century, viz. 1733. The allusions are to the Pope
Clement xii., Charles v., Emperor, and Wolfgang, Prince-bishop of
Olmiitz. (The chronogram must not be regarded as faulty from the

^ Another part of the narrative states that a multitude of 6,503,425 persons came to the

Srocessions, of whom 2,302,174 were communicants ! more than the population of a king-
om in those days.

OLMUTZ MONASTER K 247

rejection of so many letters that might be read as numerals. The last

line is a proper chronogram) —

Candida Conjugat Cunctorum Corda ClientAm,

Cujus Circumdat Cara Corona Caput
Claves dementis Constanter Coelica Clavis \ = i733

Conservet. Caroli Vita Valeto Vigens,
VVolffgango Vires, Incrementum Insuper Indat,

ET sIbI perpetWM CaVset VbIqVe DeCVs. =1733

An ' Elogium ' to Cardinal Hannibal Albani contains this —
VoCeM eIVs aVDIVnt, et proprIas oVes VoCat. John 10.

V. 3- = 1733

An * Elogium ' to Bishop Wolffgang contains these —

' Romano in coUegio Divi ApoUinaris.'

FATA VI aM InVenIVnt, aDstatqVe VoCatVs apoLLo. Virgil. = 1733

VeL qVanta eXeMpLo prVDente e prInCIpe Vis est! = 1733

aVra Vt CIrCVMfert sYDera, reXqVe greges. = 1733

PRATA rIgat fLVVIVs nILVs, seD peCtora VerbVM. = 1733

' Ade6 : ut virtus aliena/

nVLLa qVeat MoDVLIs iEQVIVALERE tVIs. Ovid. = 1733

Vt Deo VIVaM, ChrIsto ConfIXVs. Galatians 2. v. 19. = 1733

VERi: anIMVs CresCIt, sangVIs qVoq robVr aDaVget. = 1733

sIqVIDeM eX frVCtV arbor agnosCItVr. Matt. 12. v. 33. = 1733

THE German section of the book commences ' Rubus ardens
incombustus.' Exod. cap. 3. It describes a preaching at
the Jubilee, having allegorical allusion to the burning bush on
Mount Horeb, and to a wonderful burning yet unconsumed thorn-
bush, on the holy mountain of the Praemonstratensian monastery near
Olmiitz, dedicated to the Virjgin Mary ; the narrative contains various
praises addressed to her, which are made chronographic of the year
1732—

VIrgo sIne eXeMpLo, VIrgo sIne parI, speCIaLe opVs
DeI. = 1732

qVIbVs te LaVDIbVs efferaM, nesCIo 1 fLos VIrgInItatIs. = 1732
rVbVs natVrA anIMatVs InCorrVpta et fceCVnDa. = 1732

soLa rVbVs arDens InCoMbVstVs VenVstas sIne Labe. = 1732
sanCta DeI genItrIX I sanCta VIrgo VIrgInVM 1 ora pro
nobIsI = 1732

Also a discourse on the text of a woman fleeing to the mountains
with eagle's win^s (Revelation xii. 14), otherwise, the arrival of the
miraculous statue brought by angels to the Praemonstratensian mona-
stery in the mountains near Olmiitz —

Da grosses IVbeL, VnD hVnDert Iahr sChon VerfLossen
Waren. = 1732

i,€. At the great Jubilee^ a hundred years already passed away.

248 OLMUTZ MONASTER K

Another chapter concerning the miraculous statue has this
chronogram at the head of its title —

neV-aVffgegangene gLVkseeLIgkeIt Vber Vnser aLtes
VatterLanD MAhren. = 1732

t,e. The newly arisen blessedness^ over our old fatherland of Moravia.

This also occurs in the narrative —
VIVat MarIa! regIna IVbILata, DiGNk eXvLtata, eI est
Corona pr^parata. = 1732

ue. Lwe^ Mary ! queen greeted by joyful shoutings worthily exalted^ a
crown is prepared for her.

Another chapter concerning Noah's ark, otherwise *■ Maria,' resting
on the mountain ; meaning the one on the mountain in Armenia, and
the other on the mountain of the monastery near Olmiitz, where the
miraculous statue rested. The discourse is on the text Genesis viii. 4.
Allusion is made to St. Norbert, the founder of the Praemonstra-
tensian Order,^ comparing him with Noah, followed by this chrono-
gram—

norbertVs aLter JVstVs nob InVenIt gratIaM In oCVLIs
DsIPARiE. = 1732

i,e, Norbert^ another righteous Noah^ found grace in the eyes of the
mother of God,

It concludes with this —
BEATA VIrgo aLtera arCa nobtICa reqVIesCIt Integro
SiECVLo sVper CanDIDos VertICes. = 1732

i,e. The Blessed Virgin^ the other ark of Noahy rests for a whole age
{one hundred years) upon the white mountain tops.

A chapter in the old Bohemian language thus commences —
krALoWna angeLskA bVDe VCzInIenA MoraVVskA = 1732

SKRZE poCzestnA kAzanI na Den neysstIastnIegssIho
korVnoWAnI neybLahosLaVVenIegssI MarIe panny, = 1733

NA sWat£ hore preMonsstratenks^ sLaVVn^ho
kanoVVnICzk^ho kLAsstera hraDIska = 1732

Prednessen6 od Matjebe Jozeffa Stjawa, ten czas Fardre
V Matky Bozi w Krdlowsk6m Hlawnjm m6ste Holo-
maucy. Dne 2 1 Zarj Roku z wrchu poznamenandho.

Translated by Mr. John T Naakk of the British Museum :—The
angelic princess will be made Moravian {princess) by means of the edify-
ing sermon on the day of the most happy crowning of the most blessed
Mary the Virgin^ — Delivered on the most holy PrcemonsircUensian
mountain of the celebrated monastery Hradiska^ by Matthew Joseph
Stiawa^ at that time parson in the mother of God at the royal chief
town Olmuz; on the 21st September in the year stated above, {i.e. by
the chronograms, 1732.)

See Index—* Norbert.'

• J

OLMUTZ MONASTERY.

249

The book* affords one more chronogram towards the end of the
sermon —

MVnDVs CrVCIfIXVs. = 1732

LeChkoMIsLn^ sWIet, na krIzI oD gezIsse krIsta

VKRizoWANf. =1732

ut. The crucified world, — The frivolous world crucified on the cross by
Jesus Christ

MEDAL to Wolffgang von Schrattembach, Bishop of Olmiitz,
bom 1660, elected Cardinal 1721, contains a list of the lead-
ing events of his life and this chronogram —

VIta et aCta WoLffgangI De ChrattenbaCh epIsCopI aC
CarDInaLIs. = 1 7 2 1

i,e. The life and deeds of Wolffgang of Crattefibach^ Bishop and Cardinal.
He is mentioned in the foregoing chronograms relating to the
monastery.

2 I

THE MONASTERIES OF BRABANT AND
FLANDERS.

HIS group IS composed of extracts from several learned
histories in Latin, of the monasteries in the Nether-
lands provinces, the titles of which will be found in the
Appendix of Bibliography, indicated by the occasional
marginal letters of reference placed over the dates.
Monastic and conventual institutions were formerly extremely
numerous in these provinces. Contrary to the usual character of
Flemish chronograms, the letter D = 500 is, with very few excep-
tions, counted as a numeral. Many of the chronograms, giving
dates as early as the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, were made
in the seventeenth ; the historian sometimes candidly says so.

THE Abbey of Grimberg. On the tomb of Prior Strael are some
verses, concluding thus —

Et moritur ? moritur subscripto corpus in anno Bh

bVstVM eXtra gaVDet, spIrItVs astra tenet. = 1532

i,e. And does he die ^ the body dies in the year written below. His
sepulchre outwardly delights us, his spirit attaints immortality.

On the inauguration of Prior C. F. de Velasco —
LVX, ET soL CoMItes, VIrtVs et gLorIa fVLgent Bh

VtqVe ea CLara soLo, fVLget honor a poLo. = 1648

In the same abbey, at the summit of a handsome monument to
the memory of an ecclesiastic and others of his family-*

CoMpVtresCent seD resVrgent. = 17 10

i,e. They shall wholly decay, but they shall rise again.
In the cloisters the stained glass windows exhibit events in the life
of Saint Norbert, the founder of the order of Praemonstratensians \
the pictures are described by Latin verses, and some of them were

BRABANT MONASTERIES. 25 1

dated by chronograms. It is there narrated that it had been foretold
to Saint Norbert's mother before his birth that he would become an
archbishop.^ His conversion to a religious life is thus indicated —
' Instar Sauli fulmine prostemetur et corrigitur/ with a picture and
this chronogram —
qVo DeIeCtVs eqVo paVLVs ConVersVs ab Igne

eXCItVs hoC aLter paVLVs ab Igne sapIt. = 1115

/.f. By what fire Paul was cast from his horse and changed (converted)^
by that fire another Paul is aroused and becomes wise,^

He is accused of fanaticism by the council of Fritzlar, and
acquitted —
ConCILII saCro frItesLarIensIs In orbe

aCCVsatores sVb peDe fortIs habet. = 11 18

i,e. In the sacred circle of the council of Fritzlar the strong man has his
accusers under his feet

It is then narrated that he restored the sight of a blind woman at
Herbipolis (Wiirzburg). Afterwards he is taken away reluctantly,
* rapitur invitus/ to the archiepiscopate of Magdeburg —

HOC CLeRO ACCEPTiE PRiEFERTVR HONORE TiARiE,

qVI PAStORALI VertICe DIgnVs erat. = 1 1 25

i,e. This is put before the dergy in honour of the excepted tiara^ by him
who wets thought worthy of the pastoral crown.

Other circumstances are described, but they are not marked by
chronograms. We therefore pass on to the final event The narra-
tive informs us that Norbert dies, and his soul is carried away to
heaven, his body remains unburied in the middle of summer, without
decay, and is subsequently removed with much pomp from Magdeburg
to Prague in Bohemia — ®
progenies patrIo IVste transLata sepVLChro

ossA patrIs CVLtV CanDIDIore CoLIt. = 1627

i,e. Posterity reverences the bones of the father rightly transferred to the
paternal sepulchre with a more conspicuous worship.

THE Abbey Jettensis (Diligem). The fountain in the cloister
was thus inscribed — ^^

In DIebVs eIVs sCatVrIVerVnt fontes aqVarVM. = 1639

/>. In his days the fountains of water gushed out.

* He became archbishop of Magdeburg from 1125 to 11 34. See the chronogram
next but one.

■ He was of noble birth, and so he easily obtained ordination to holy orders ; he never-
theless was addicted to idle and dissipated habits. One day, whilst riding to a party of
pleasure, a flash of lightning fell close to him, and he was thrown to the ground senseless.
On recovery it is related that, like another Saul, he cried out in bitter compunction of his
heart, * Lord, what wouldst thou have me to do?' and became on the spot a smcere peni-
tent See Butler's ' Lives of the Saints.'

■ He was finally buried at the monastery of Strahow, at Prague.

252 BRABANT MONASTERIES.

Over the door, an address to the Virgin —
aVe pIa feLIX porta, e qVa MVnDo LVX est orta. = 1642

U€, Haiiy thou happy pious portal^ whence light is risen to the world.

On the inauguration of the Abbot M. Heckius —
VIVat Deo MartInVs heCqVIVs abbas IettensIs
InaVgVratVs. s= 1646

i.e. May Martin Hecquius live to God^ the inangurated Abbot of Diligem.

On the installation of Abbot Henry Croekaert —
sIt beneDICtVs Croekaert VenIens In noMIne IesV, = 1721
i>. May Croekaert be blessed coming in the name of Jesus. The next is
the concluding line of some verses on his death —

In Deo sIbI, sVIsqVe regIMIne bIno frVCtIfICet. = 1724

i,e. May he bear fruit in God for his two years^ government both to him-
self and to his people /

Inscribed on the building, indicating its date —
regI saeCVLorVM InVIsIbILI Deo. = 1721

ie. To the Kingof Ages^ to the invisible God.

Inscribed on the bell-tower —
IpsIqVe HiEC soLI tVrrIs DILIgeMIa sVrgIt. = 1723

i.e. To Him alone this tower of Diligem rises.

THE Abbey of Tungerloo, to which the Abbot Godfrey was trans-
lated at the date thus indicated —
eX ILbenstaDt WETTERAVLfi VenIt tVngerLoaM Bh

BRABANTliC:. = 1 639

i.e. He comes from Ilbenstadt * Wetteravice' to Tungerloo in Brabant.

The following are from * Notes and Queries,' Series $. vol. 9. p. 69.

From a Latin poem addressed by the Carmelite convent at
Louvain to Godefridus Hermans, Abbas Tongerloensis (4^ Louvain) — Y
sic enIXe VoVet antIstItI DoMVs pLaCetana. = 1780

From a poem addressed to him on his installation — Y

sic VoVet, Ita appLaVDIt abbatI goDefrIDo ConVentVs.= 1780

THE monastery Laca Partheniae. Laca or Laka was so called
from its marshy situation ; the modem name is AnderlechL
It was celebrated for wonderful events caused by the intervention of
the Blessed Virgin Mary. Among them are some relating to Saint Guy
or Guido,* who lived and died there. I select those only which are
marked by chronograms. A statue of him in the church had on its
base these verses, indicating a date according to tradition, but not
found in history — Bh

iEtherias seDes, gVIDo beate, sVbIs. = 1012

i.e. O happy GuidOy thou dost enter the heavenly abodes.

* A sketch of the career of this good man will be found in Butler's ' Lives of the Saints.

BRABANT MONASTERIES, ^ 253

ossaqVe Lota pIo More LeVata nItent. = 10 12

i.e. And thy hones^ washed according to pious custom, shine 7vhen
lifted up:
These chronograms were probably made six centuries later.

This hexameter line dates a statue made to him from the wood of
a tree grown from his walking-staff, which he stuck into the ground — Bh
NOTA pII propria fe qVerCV gVIDonIs IMago. = 1621

i.e. The well-known image of the pious Guido made from his own oak.
Some Latin lines follow, which may be read thus, ' A dry staff planted
by the hands of Guido flourished for 600 years as a tree, now becomes
an image.'

The foundation of the monastery is attributed to the Virgin having
prevented the departure of Guido from the place so unattractive as a
residence, at the date thus indicated in verse, composed probably in
the seventeenth century —

serVIt In hoC tIbI VIrgo LoCo seX qVInqVe per annos Bh

gVIDo saCrI CVstos, stIrpe brabantVs erat. = 1004

i,e, O Virgin, Guido the keeper of this sacred place serves thee thirty
years; he was a Brabanter by origin.

THE Monastery Viridis Vallis, Groenendael, near Brussels. The
date of its foundation is thus given ; the chronogram was pro-
bably made in the seventeenth century —

^eDes saCrat^e Verna tVnC VaLLe LoCantVr, Be

sILVa VbI pr«CeLsIs qVerCVbVs antefVIt. = 1304

i,e. The sacred building is then placed in a Green Valley, where was
formerly a forest of very lofty oaks.

The monastery was burnt and restored in the year thus indicated —
aprILIs Vt fInIs erat, VIs IMproba VertIt Bh

In CIneres teCta HiEC, Igne Vorante, LeVes. = 1435

i.e. When it was the end of April a destructive power turned these
buildings into light ashes by means of devouring fire.

On laying the foundation of the Loreto Chapel there —
ATERNO Deo et b. MARliE VIrgInI LAVRETANiE eLIsabetha Bh
Infans posVIt. = 1622

i.e. To the eternal God and the blessed Virgin of Loreto, Elizabeth the
Infanta erects this.

'T^HE Monasteiy Rubeae Vallis, Roosendael. On the building of
J[ the cloister in 1366 ; the chronogram was probably made long
after this date — Bh

Cantate o MVSiE, RVBEiE EST ereCtIo CLVSiE. = 1366

i.e. Sing, O Muses, there is the erection of a cloister at Roosendael.

254 BRABANT MONASTERIES.

On the completion of the cloister —
spLenDet opVs RVBEiE VaLLIs

FIT aD iETHKRA CaLLIs. = 1 368

i,e. The work of Roosendad is glorious^ there is made the path to heaven,

THE monastery of the Seven Fountains at Alsemberg. The new
prior, Anthony Cuyerman, introduced great improvements in
the conduct of the establishment as well as in the condition of the
buildings ; the words of its patron saint are used, with much truth, to
commemorate the circumstance — Bh

EGO VoX CLaMantIs In Deserto. = 1667

i,e, lam the voice of one crying in the desert.

THE monastery of Corssendonck. These verses conclude the
epitaph of the prior, Hubert Dyestraet —
o pIetas! yueC prIsCa fIdes antVerpIa CeLsa est? Bh

HOC IaM FRATERNiE RELLIgIonIs OP Vs ? =1568

i.e. O piety, is this the pristine faith, is this the lofty Antwerp 9 Is this
now the work of brotherly religion f The letter, d is not counted. The
allusion of this chronogram is probably to the destruction of churches
and monasteries during the political and religious disturbances.

IN the parish church of Herenthals in Brabant, an epitaph com-
mences—
NoX sILet In noCtV MedIo, tVnC toLLor VbI
nVnC qVIndeCIes et bIs febrWs ortVs erat. = 1607

i.e. Night is silent, at midnight then I am taken, when had commenced
the 17/// of February. The letters d are not counted.

THE abbey Vallis Liliorum, vulgo Leliendael. Inscribed on the
building under the figure of a saint — Bh

VaLLIs LILIorVM pr^esIDL = 1715

i.e. To the protector (or PcUron Saini) of Leliendael.

THE abbey of St. Bernard at Scaldim, on the occasion of a jubilee
festival and procession —
Psallentes simvl omnes et dicentes IVbILeMVs Deo Bh
saLVatorI nostro. = 161 8

i.e. All singing together and saying. Let us rejoice in God our Saviour.

BRABANT MONASTERIES, 255

AT Tirlemont, in the church of St Germain, on the monument of
Maria Vander Strepen, formerly attendant on the Queen of
Hungary, who died in 1704. After a number of Latin verses is this
* chronostichon ' —

Vt rVtILVs phoebVs tropICI per CornVa CanCrI Be

fVLget, Verstrepen Mors trVCVLenta Vorat. = 1704

uc. When the ruddy sun shines through the horns of the sign Cancer^
truculent death devours Verstrepen. (Indicating the latter part of
June.)

FROM the Carmen panegyricum addressed to Gisbertus Halloint,
Averbodiensis Abbas, on his jubilee year —
optIMo patrI, et PRiELATO sVo IVbILantI offICIaLes Y
aVerboDIenses. = 1773

The date 1773 is expressed in each of the following verses — Y

DIffLVe ConDIgno L-«ta aVerboDIa pLaVsV : =1773

IVbILa enIM CeLebrat spLenDor honorqVe tWs. = 1773

VoTA et MVLta patrI Defer: sI ConVenIt VLLo, = 1773

taM festo bXoLVas ConVenIt ILLa DIe. = 1773

haLLonIDes VIVat CVMiEOS pr^esVL In annos, = 1773

aDDat aDhVC pLenIs IVbILa pLena VoVe. =1773

From a poem addressed to Franciscus Dominicus Hermans
(4^ Antwerp)— Y

geLVkX-WensChInge aen DoMInICVs. = 1783

From a congratulatory poem addressed to Antonio van Gils, of the
College of Louvain (4**. Louvain) —

Ita aCCInIt CongregatIo MaIoratana sVo In saCra
theoLogIa LoVanII LICentIato antonIo Van gILs Y
tILbVrgensI. = 1785

From a congratulatory address to Lucas de Vandemesse, Abbas
Averbodiensis, on the fiftieth anniversary of his entering on the reli-
gious life (4'. Louvain) — Y
eX Vero CorDe LVC^ VoVet aMbrosIVs. = 1786

From a poem addressed to Martin Lamal ^4**. Antwerp). The
letter y must be taken as=ii, as is usual in Flemish chronograms —
VVY WensChen D'heer MartIno VoLLe IVbILIaeren. = 1786

TH£ monastery Vallis Sancti Martini, Louvain ; the epitaph of the
first prior, iEgidius Walram, who died in 1459, concludes with
these verses —

tV LeCtor MortIs sIC astans CoLLIgIs annos; Bh

Ternd luce sui Junius abstulit hunc. = 1459

i,e. Thou reader standing by dost thus collect the date ; June took him
away on its own third day.

256 BRABANT MONASTERIES.

The Minorite monastery, Louvain, to commemorate some religious
disputes in which the authority of Saint John k Capistrano was put
forward — Bh

trIVMphVs DIVI CapIstranI pVrIor reLVXIt. = 1692

Le, The triumph of the holy Capistrano has shone the brighter.

THE abbey of St Salvator at Antwerp. A certain Doctor
Bernard was made Abbot in 1653, ^^^ ^^ opportunity ¥ras
then taken to celebrate the five hundredth anniversary of the death of
his namesake Saint Bernard (who died in 1153), by processions with
emblematic representations of events in his career. The following
chronograms, all making the year 1653, ^^^ mixed up in the Latin
narrative in prose and verse, with frequent play upon the name
Bemardus (nardus = a precious ointment), and widi the epithets
' learned' and ' mellifluous ' applied to the Abbot Bernard Indeed
it is dif&cult to decide to which Bernard the greatest praise is given.
A representation of Saint Bernard is inscribed — Bh

aMpLIfICatorI bernarDo. = 1653

ue. To Bernard the amplifier.

The narrative proceeds, * Emblemate ubi lactantur ubere B. Mariae
Virginis' —

BERNARDO LaCtE DIgnIssIMo. = 1653

ue. To Bernard most worthy of her milk.

' Emblemate proposito in favo mellis ' [= honeycomb] —
MeL InDefICIens. = 1653

i>. Honey unfailing.

Followed by an emblem of the figure of the wounded and crucified
Jesus bending down to embrace him —

DILeCtIone eMInens. = 1653

i,e. Eminent in love.

Followed by the emblem signifying the Doctor Bernard converting
a certain WDliam ; and these worc^ adapted from Daniel iv. 36 —
gLorIa DeCorIs MeL = 1653

i.e. The glory of my brightness.

Then follow some quaint verses in Latin about the mellifluous
Doctor, and by way of a flourish (pro coronide) the jubilee is indicated
by this hexameter —

QUINGENTOS BERNARDe PATER, COMPLECTERIS ANNOS. = 50O

Le. Thouy O father Bernard^ dost attain ^oo years.
Observe that the letter d represents the 500.

THE Augustine Monastery at Antwerp. The epitaph of an
eminent man who died in 16 11 commences thus — Bh

hVC tenDIMVs. = 161 1

i,e. We incline hither {to the tomb).

BRABANT MONASTERIES. 257

1 he Jesuits' Monastery at Antwerp. The brethren of the order
were buried under the shady trees, where was also an image of the
Virgin, with this hexameter line (the historian mentions the * convicti,*
the messmates of the society) — Bh

In DIViE, IWenes, reqVIesCIte VIrgInIs VMbra. = 1638

Le. Rest, O y(mths\the messmates]^ wider the shadow of the Holy Virgin,

A chapel was built, and dated by this inscription —
VIrgInIs o IWenes, gratos Intrate reCessVs;
gaVDIa pVra DabIt, sVperos DabIt Ipsa faVores. = 1649

i,e, O youths, enter the pleasant recesses of the Virgin ; she will give
pure joy Sy she will give the favours of lieaven.

Over the door of a building dedicated to Saint Aloysius, the
patron —

B. ALOYSIO CASTlMONliE PRiESlDI. = 1655

THE Monastery of the Minorites at Antwerp was destroyed
during the religious disturbances; the 'iconoclastic year' is
expressed by these words taken from i Maccabees iii. 51 — Bh

sanCta tVa ConCVLCata sVnt et ContaMInata. = 1566

/>. Thy sanctuary is trodden dawn and prof aned.

And again thus —
ConCVLCant FVRliE CrVCeM. = 1566

ue. Madness tramples on the cross.

This was inscribed on the front of the restored church —
ILLlBATiE, AFFLICTiEQVE VIrgInI, franCIsCo paVperI Bh
antonIo saCrVM. = 1579

i,e. Sacred to the pure and afflicted Virgin, to Francis the poor, to Antony,

A distinguished member of the monastery, Arnold Hoyns, suffered
with many others in the disturbances ; he died in 1588 ; the historian
composed this to him and the sisters (probably some nuns) who died
in exile —

VenerabILIs f.p. arnoLDVs hoIIns ConfessarIVs sororIbVs
eXVLantIbVs fIDeLIs In eXILIo treVIrIs eXVL pIe In
paCe obIIt. = 1588

i.e. The Venerctble {fraterpius f) Arnold Hoyns the faithful confessor of
the exiled sisters, died piously in peace as an exile, in exile at Treves,

Another distinguished member, Joseph de Bergaigne, died 1647,
at Miinster, in Westphalia ; his body was removed to Antwerp. The
historian, aiter giving his epitaph, adds, * Cui ad astemam memoriam
hoc pono chronicon ' —

IosephVs a berganIa MInorIta, LegatVs, epIsCopVs prInCeps
obIIt In terra non sVa post ANTVERpIiE (VbI genItVs) In
paCe faCtVs est LoCVs eIVs. = 1664

i,e, Joseph de Bergaigne, a Minorite, Legate, Prince Bishop, died not in
his own land. His place {or tomb) was made in peace aftenvards at
Antwerp, where he wcu bom,

2 K

2s8 BRABANT MONASTERIES.

Another, distinguished for his acts of peace-making, died in Spain
in 1612. The historian writes, 'Subscribo viro pads chronicon' —
paX IoanneM DeCorabIt. = 1612

i,e. Peace will distinguish him.

The occasion of showing to the assembled people the relics and
a piece of the true cross, preserved in the treasury of the church,
* Tempus designatur hoc inscripto chronico ' —

eCCe partICVLaM CrVCIs ChrIstI saLVatorIs. = 1720

i,e. Behold a piece of the cross of Christ the Saviour.

IN the Augustine convent at Antwerp. Epitaph to one William
Lancelott— Be

ILLI MoX seqWtVre faVstVs aDsIs. = 1638

/>. Mayest thou who art about to follow be favourably present.

Another to Philip van Elich ; no other date is given —
hInC abIIt trIgesIMo DIe IVLII. Anno aetatis xli. = 1664

L.e He departed hence on zoth/uly^ aged 41.

In the church of the Grand Hopital, Antwerp, on the monument
of Barbara Isabella, Baroness of . . . who died 9th October 1720,
aged 83, is the imaginary conversation —

Mortua mortalem alloquitur. Be

1. POST FATA erIt IVDICIVM gLorIa VeL poena. = 1720

2. PRffiDICTA eVenere MIhI.Cras eVentVra tIbI. = 1720

3. Crebro MeDItare HiEC, VIXI obII. =1720

4. tVnC DIsCes pIe VIVere, pIe MorI. = 1720

5. VIator VaLe, et spIrItVIIMeo e totIs VIsCerIbVs )
appreCare, Vt reqVIesCat In paCe LVX perpetVa LVCeat. j ' ' '^
i,e. The deceased spec^ to the mortal. After death will be the judgment^
glory or punishment. Things foretold have happened to me, to-morrow

they will happen to thee. Meditate upon these things frequently, I have
lived, I have died. Then thou wilt learn to live piously, to die piously.
Traveller, farewell, and pray for my spirit with all thy heart, that it
may rest in peace, and shine a perpetual light.

THE church of the Carmelites at Brussels. A grand festival was
held in 1 65 1 in the city, and especially in the choir of the
church, where the history of Saint Scapularis was illustrated with much
splendour, and where * that ' which was received from the hands of the
saint in 1 25 1 was kept, and where also on the right side of the altar
the figure of an angel displayed this chronogram (an instance of a
chronogram made 400 years subsequent to the circumstance it com-
memorates)—

HiEC CarMeLI soror« = 1 25 1

i,e. This is a sister of the Carmelite order.

BRABANT MONASTERIES. 259

Saint Scapularis, who belonged to this order, is represented under
the protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary —

sic proteXIt, ILLVstraVIt, eXornaVIt, serVos sVos Bh
MarIa. = 1 25 1

/>. Mary has thus protected^ enlightened^ and adorned her servants.

The year of the festival was thus indicated — Bh

Dos CarMeLI. = 1 65 1

i.e. The gift of Carmel.

It is explained by the historian, that the first chronogram, ' Hsec
Carmeli soror,' alludes to the words of the abbot Trithemius, in
which he extols the affectionate love among all members of the order,
and that the Carmelites could have no more fit appellation* than
' Fratres Genitricis Dei Marise.' It seems that on the feast of St.
Dorothea, in the winter season (6th February), flowers were wont to
blossom at the monastery spontaneously. A certain Joannes Baptista
Masius, principal of the college, witnessed it ; and in a Latin poem
describes and names the flowers, in the year thus indicated —
IsTOs tIbI fLores, Dorothea, CarpIt MasIVs. = 1660

i.e. O Dorothea^ Masius gcUhers these flowers for thee.

An image of the Viigin, called the Neapolitan, Is described in the
history now being quoted, with this chronogram —

CarMeLI DIVlTliE. = 1659

i.e. The riches of Carmel.

And a further inscription, meaning, ' Let others care for other
riches, the Carmelite, O Virgin Mary, regards thy love as riches.'

PiX the monastery of the Minorites at Brussels, an inscription
indicating the building of the sacred house of Loreto— Bh

Exacta representatio saCr^ DoMVs s. LAVRETANiE, = 1660
in qua verbum caro factum est

i.e. An exact representation of the sacred house of Loreto^ in which the
Word was made flesh.

And this, probably the date of some repairs —
DoMVNCVLiE LaVretana = 1715

i*e. The little house of Loreto.

THE following extracts from ' Antiquitates Belgicae,' by J. B.
Grammaye, 1708, must stand here without explanation. They
seem to allude to some legend connected with a monastery in Brabant,
and the chronograms are probably sixteenth century compositions.
Chapter iv. commences, ' Et jam tempus erit casus extollere tristes,
quos Vulcanus edax aquarum rector, et ira Junonis peperit.' — * Vul-

cani memoria secundo ab hinc seculo splendida
est annis decimo nono et sexagesimo tertio supra
quadringentesimum millesimum, experimente eam
versu chronologico.'

i.e. 1400 IJfiO
19 63

1419 U63

26o BRABANT MONASTERIES,

Be
MVLCIberI pICeas sILVa deVsta Canet. = 141 9

Haitc altero.
tInCtor aCCendIt LVMen In bVsCo. = 1463

The letters d are not counted.

A list of distinguished men connected with the monastery of
' Taxandria' (Tumhout) is then mentioned, to whom this chronogram
is applied, * Teste chronico vetere,' in the fifty-fifth year of the estab-
lishment and in a.d. 1292 — Be
In bVsCo strVItVr PRiECoNVM LVX Veneranda. = 1292
The letter d is not counted.

Chapter xv. has this heading, ' Urbs ab hoste tentata ssepius
nunquam occupata.' After describing some military operations it
proceeds, ' Quod autem proditione Jo. Gemert lignarii intromissus in
urbem Philippus Comes de Hoenlo, civium virtute ejectus, in fugam
versus et pluribus militum caesis, versu triviali expressum pueri tenent
annum 1585, 19 Januarii (undevigesimo) litteris numeralibus indi-
cante — Be

eCCe deVs serVat bVsCVM, est ConfVsVs heLaCVs.' = 1585
The letter d is not coimted.

Concerning the foundation of the Cistercian monastery at ' Tax-
andria' (Tumhout) there is this remarkable literal application of
Psalm Ixv. 1 1 —

benedICes CoRONiE annI benIgnItatIs xViE, et CaMpI tVI
repLerebVntVr Vbertate. = 1382

These are the words of the Vulgate version, and this is the English
Bible version, ' Thou erownest the year with thy goodness ; and thy
paths drop fatness* The chronogram was probably made long after
the date. The letter d is not counted.

AT the church of St. Joest ter Hagen, Brussels, on the monument
of Jean Bochius, secretary of the city of Antwerp —
MartIVs en CLarI CernIt pIa fVnera VatIs Be

qVI totIes VoLVIt PATRliE sVCCVrrere Lapsa. = 1599

ue. Behold/ the month of March sees the pious funeral of an illustrious
^ prophet^ who so often meditated to help his fallen country.

The abbey of Fumes. Abbot John van Schore died 1554. This
was the conclusion of his epitaph —

VICtVs Joannes sCoRicVs LVCe noVeMbrIs Be

seXta est LethIferIs rICtIbVs Ipse sVIs. = 1554

/>. On the sixth day of November^ fohn Schore was cfvercome by his own
deadly spasms.

At St Welburg's, Furnes, Abbot de Melun died 1521—
franCIsCVs MeLVn fVrnIs obIIt festo CECILIiE. = 1521

i,e. Francis de Melun died at Furnes on the feast of St. Cecilia.

.FLANDERS MONASTERIES. 261

At Tournay. Epitaph of Bishop Gilbert d'Oignies, who died
1574. These are the last of ten lines —

CortraCI fatVM, tornaCI IVra sepVLChrI Be

ConseqVor, et bona spes ossa sopora tenet. = 1574

/>. I reach fate at Courtray and my right of sepulture at Tournay y and
blessed hope sustains my sleeping hones.

The church of St. Walberg at Oudenarde. Hexameter on the
tomb of one of five priests who suffered martyrdom for their faith at
*Gensis.' They are described as being stripped of their clothing,
bound hand and foot, and drowned in the Scheld, on 4th October

IS73— ^^

franCIsCVs sChaLDa InVnDat saCra Corpora qVInqVe. = 1573
ue, Franciscus drowns five sacred bodies in the Scheld,

St. Nicholas Church, Ghent The Bishop, Nicholas French, died
1678; the conclusion of his epitaph, verfe fuit

anIMo pontIfeX, Verbo angeLVs, VIta saCerDos. = 1678

i,e. Truly he was in mind a pontiffs in word an angel^ in life a priest,

1 he Augustine monastery at Ghent was destroyed during some
religious disturbances about 1566, and was restored in 1589, imder
the auspices of the magistrates. Vrientius made this chronogram to
mark the date —
DIVe iEOES aVgVstIne, tIbI noVa teMpLa strVVntVr,

heLLInI et bLasorI ConsVLIs aVspICIIs.
i.e. Holy Augustin^ to thee new temples are built through the auspices of
Hdlinus and Blasorus the magistrates.

By counting only one letter d, the first line gives 1589, but the
chronographic value of the second is not intelligible. Vrientius has
made many better chronograms.

THE monastery of St. Bertin, at St Omer, was at one time the
noblest Gothic monument in Flanders ; it was suppressed in
1830, and reduced to a state of ruin. The first stone of a new
church was laid on 2d November 1854, with this chronogram on it —
ab aLtIpontanIs, MARliE sIne Labe CoNCEPTiE et Deo E
obLata. =s 1854

/.«. Offered by the people of St. Omer to Mary conceived without spot^
and to God,

During the period of its earlier history, the incumbency was vacant
in consequence of war and the siege of St. Omer; the town was
delivered from its troubles on the i6th July in the year indicated by
this chronogram, which relates especially to the church —
eCCLesIa sanCta aLDegVnDIs, a franCIs oppVgnatVr, neC E
eXpVgnatVr. = 1638

i.e. The sacred church of ^Aldegunde' is attacked by the French^ but not
taken.

263 FLANDERS MONASTERIES: ST. OMER.

The canonisation of St Francis de Boigia ^ was commemorated
there by the Jesuits; the processions are described in a very rare
programme, wherein is this chronogram — E

borgIa tertIVs De soCIetate IesVs generaLIs trIVMphat. = 167 1
ue, Borgia^ the third general of the Society of Jesus j triumphs.

The chapel of the hospital of St. John was restored in 1682 by
the Abbot Benedict de Bethune des Flancques ; this was inscribed on
the firontr— E

beneDICtVs DespLanqVes De bethVne strVXIt. = 1682

i.e. Benedict Deplanques de Bethune built it.

The rebuilding of the chapel of Notre Dame des Miracles at St
Omer was thus dated on its front — E

VIrtVtIbVs DElPARiE A MIraCVLIs eXtrVItVr. = 1696

On 31st December 1705 the spire of the church of St Denis felU
destroying part of the church ; it is thus noted —

DeCeMbre CorrVoI = 1705

i.e. I fall in December.

The library of the abbey was built by the eightieth Abbot, Benoit
Petit-Pas ; the librarian thus wrote the date —

BENEDICT Vs petItpas, sCIentIarVM patron Vs ereXIt. = 1730

i.e. B. Petitpas^ the patron of science^ built it.

Louis XIV. died in 1 715. A funeral oration was delivered at the
abbey by one of the clergy, who also wrote this — E

LVDoVICI REGis fIneM pLangIte. = 1715

ix. Mourn ye for the end of King Louis.

St Omer having been in possession of the Spaniards for 161
years, was taken by the King of France on 2 2d April — E

aVDoMaropoLIs a franCIs eXpVgnatVr. = 1677

i.e. St. Omer is taken by the French.

' He was a Spanish noble and courtier, and general of the Jesuits, bom 1510^ died
1572.

THE SACRAMENT ROBBERY AND
MIRACLE AT BRUSSELS.

HE volume for 1851 of a periodical published at Ghent,
' Messager des Sciences Historiques— de Belgique/
mentions * an old writer/ Jehan Taillefier, who was an
admirer of chronograms, and quotes from him some
examples belonging to an epoch when they were not
common ; it is not mentioned that such examples were contempo-
raneous with the events or persons whose dates they mark, indeed
nothing less than the finding of a questionable chronogram in its
contemporary manuscript or print would fix the age of its composition.
The following one, however, from the ' old writer,' may be regarded
as old, but perhaps not quite so old as the year 1383. I am unable
to find any book by the 'old writer,' or to mention the date of his
existence. This hexameter is the particular chronogram which
demands our notice, and its meaning will presently appear —

fVr saCraMenta tVLIt brVXeLLe CorrVIt Igne. = 1383

i.€, A thief took away the sacraments^ Brussels sinks to the ground by
fire.

The periodical now being quoted sa)rs, that the history of Brussels
by Heme and Wouters, L 139, states that in 1383, according to some
chronicles, a second robbery of the Host was committed in the church
of St. Gudule by a man named Clement, but ' we find no account of
this event.' The expression about the burning of Brussels may be a
mere figure of speech.

On further search into this subject, I find in a book, ' Les delices
des Pays-bas,' by J. B. Chrystin, ed. Paris, 1720; at page 27, an

264 ^^^ SA CRAMENT ROBBERY.

account of a sacrilegious robbery antecedent to that above mentioned. It
is briefly this : After describing the magnificent golden altar in the
church of St Gudule at Brussels, * L'autel du S. Sacrament des mira-
cles/ it relates that in the time of Winceslas, Duke of Brabant, in
1369, a Jew who had become a Christian, being bribed by a rich Jew,
named Jonathas d'Anghien, to bring to him some consecrated Hosts,
that the Jew entered a certain church through a window, broke open the
ciborium, and with the assistance of his wife and others of his family,
took the Hosts, sixteen in number, and brought them to the syn-
agogue, placing them on a table before Jonathas and other Jews
assembled there, who ignominiously stabbed three of them with
knives, whereupon blood flowed visibly from the wounds so inflicted,
and the Jews were stricken down by some unseen power. Those
same Hosts were afterwards recovered, and preserved in the golden
altar in the cathedral church of St Gudule at Brussels, and were only
exhibited on special occasions ; they were carried annually in a pro-
cession, and on one occasion the Archduke Albert and Isabella were
present The Jew Jonathas was afterwards killed in* his own garden
by an unknown hand, the other offenders were punished by the Duke
Winceslas. They were paraded about the town, and then burnt alive
before the great tower, about the beginning of the year 1370.

A whole folio volume, and I believe a rare one, now claims
our special attention.^ It is a veritable treasure for a chronogram
hunter, and perhaps the finest specimen of illustrated narrative of
the class to which it appertains. The title-page commences thus,
HOOGHWEERDIGHE HISTORIE VAN HET ALDER-
HE YLIGHSTE SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL, etc
etc. [By Petrus de Oafmeyer, priest and canon of ^ the collegiate
church of SS. Michael and .Gudula at Brussels.] ' Published at
Brussels, 1735. On an ornamental scroll is this chronogram, giving
the date of the first of the festivals described in the book —

o saLUtarIs hostIa, qUiE CceLI panDIs ostIUM. = 1720
i,e. O saving Host that openest the gates of heaven.

The subject of the book is a description, in the Dutch or Flemish
language, of a ceremonial jubilee held at Brussels in 1720, and again
in 173s, to commemorate the recovery of the Sacred Hosts from the
Jews, who, according to the foregoing narrative, had stolen them from
a church in the year 1370. Processions of the church dignitaries and
the trade-guilds are described, and twenty-three engravings represent
the stately triumphal arches, displaying admirable architectural
features, with statues and pictorial decorations; inscriptions were
placed in every conspicuous position on the structures, 284 of them
being chronograms, and helping to show the importance attached to
the occasion ; they are, however, mere fragments in comparison with

^ The book belongs to my friend, the Rev. Walter B^ley, who has kindly lent it for
my present use. I believe there is no copy of it in the British Museum or Bodleian
Libraries. A Bne copy is in the library of the Society of Antiquaries, London.

H, SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 265

all other inscriptions recorded in the book.^ A series of fine en-
gravings by the Flemish artists, Francis Harrewyn and J. L. Kraffl,
represent the leading events, the alleged miraculous occurrences, and
the fatal end of the offenders.

The first section of the volume, forty-eight pages, contains the
narrative and the engravings by Harrewyn. The second section
contains the description of the triumphal arches and the engravings •
of them, with the chronogram inscriptions ; also a large folding plate
of the splendid altar, ^ Altare sanctissiroi sacramenti miraculosi in
insigni ecclesia principali SS. Michaelis et Gudilse in urbe Bruxel-

lensL' surrounded bv twelve gmgll nirtnrpg nf th<> PVAntc, Tn thi'fi

To face page 264.

Owing to a misprint in the copy of the Dutch edition of 1735 of the
work quoted at page 264, a mis-statement has been made regarding it.
The author's name is Cafmeyer, not Oafmeyer, as it is distinctly mis-
printed; a search for the name Oafmeyer in the British Museum Catalogue,
of course, led to no discovery of this or any other edition of the work ;
but under the name Cafmeyer the work will be found in the Library [press-
mark 9917. k.], and at the Bodleian. The author's name is correctly
printed in the contemporary edition of the narrative in the French
language.

eUCharIstIa a DoMo aUstrIaCa Innata pIetate honoratUr. = 1720

PRiEClPUI DoMUs AUsTRliE prInCIpes. = 1720

besonDerste frInCen Van 't hUYs^ en staM Van

gosternrYCk.' = 1720

SANCxIssIMiE eUCharIstI-« PERPExUb DeVotI. = 1720

aLtYt Waere eerDers Van 't heYLIgh^ saCraMent, = 1720

* Th« want of space compels me to omit translations.

* It is stated in Murray s 'Handbook for Belgium/ that this triumph of faith, as it is
called, is commemorated every year on the Sunday following the 15th of July, by the
solemn procession of the clergy, and by the exhibition of the identical miraculous wafers.

* The letters Y count as 11 = 2. And so throughout

* AUnding to the punishment of the offending Jews by burning !

2 L

266

H, SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

Here follows a list of the Archdukes and Emperors of the House
of Austria, from 1273 to the then reigning Emperor Charles vi.

The first triumphal arch bore these inscriptions —

eX TEMpLo CATHARlNiE JOHANNES DeI HOSTIaS ABSTULIt. = 1720

His proDIgIIs brUXeLLa eMICat. = 1720

,sUb hostIIs eCCe trIUMphUs fIDeL = 1720

qUI absConDItUs MIre In soLe refULsIt. = 1720

Another arch, the second, was thus inscribed —

0 saLUtarIs hostIa, QUiE CceLI panDIs ostIUM ! = 1720
beLLa Instant hostILIa, Da opeM et aUXILIa. = 1720

HoC tUta Manet brUXeLLa Deo. = 1720

hInC gaUDIUM CIVItatIs. = 1720

Dant tUa VULnera LUCeM. = 1720

frUstra InVIDente blsresI, Constat saCraMentI VerItas. = 1720

Another arch, the third, was adorned with pictures representing,

1 St, Moses causing water to flow from the rock, inscribed —

eX InCreDULItate MIrabILIa. = 1720

2d, Cain killing his brother Abel, inscribed —

eCCe pretIUM sangUInIs fIt pr^eDa fUrorIs. =

fIgUratUr ChrIstICIDIUM.1 =

3d, A picture of Samson holding up the jaw-bone, from which water
spouts forth (a slain Philistine at his feet), inscribed —

De MaXILLa sItIens fortIfICatUr.
4th, A picture of Jews stabbing the Consecrated Host, some of
whom are miraculously struck down whilst in the act, inscribed —

hostIarUM ConfossIo JUDiEls ConfUsIo. = 1720

DefICIentIbUs VIatICUM. = 1720

1 he next arch had at the top this inscription —

DeCor brUXeLLarUM. = 1720
and pictures,' Manna in the vrildemess, and of the Holy Eucharist,
inscribed —

Manna DesertI tYpUs^ eUCharIstICUs. = 1720

paneM proposItIonIs DetUrbat eUCharIstICUs. = 1720

aDMIrabILe VenerabILe hIC fIgUratUr. = 1720
Statues on the cornice, with shields bearing these inscriptions —

JUBlLiEUs DeI MIraCULosI = 1720

annI, DILapso ter SiECULo, qUInqUagesIMI. = 1720

CULtU LaUDeMUs = 1720

UnDeqUaqUe saCro-sanCtUM. = 1720

CUM respeCtU aD eXtra = 1720

ET affeCtU eX CorDe honoreMUs. = 1720

1720
1720

= 1720

" Beneath this was a picture of the Jews stabbing the Hosts.
* The letter Y counts as 11 = 2.

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 267

The angel feeding Elijah —

In haC fortItUDIne aMbULans eLIas, fIgUra. = 1720
Abraham about to sacrifice Isaac —

hostIa IsaaCI hIC aDUMbratUr JesUs. = 1720

reLIqUIas VeneranDI MIraCULI. = 1720

UsqUe CoLLaUDeMUs. = 1720

1 he next scene of the decorations of Brussels is the well-known
fountain of the Mannikin. The bronze figure is dressed up in festive
costume, spouting water as usual, supported on either side by
emblematical statues, and the street people pass by admiring the
arrangement The chronogram-maker also has passed it over. He,
however, put this inscription on the sixth arch —

JesU-ChrIsto DUCI Vestro FpRxIssIMo. = . 1720

1 he seventh arch bore a picture of a saint in a triumphal chariot,
whose name in Dutch is St Gueiricx —
proDIgIoso In hostIIs Deo, faroChIa DIVI gaUgerICL = 1720
A figure of peace is inscribed —
Deo paCIfICo trIUMphUs erIgItUr. =1720

A figure of a raving maniac, a heretic, is inscribed —
InfrenDentIbUs neqUICqUaM HiERExICIs. = 1720

beneDICant UnI Versa noMInI sanCto eJUs. = 1720

And many other inscriptions, short scriptural quotations, but not
chronograms.

1 he eighth arch was dedicated by this inscription—
Deo Vero In trIna hostIa eUCharIstICa XROPiEUM, = 1720

aLUMnI DIVI nICoLaI posUere. = 1720

1 he ninth arch, put up by the brethren of the abbey of Grimbeig,
was very elaborate; its principal ornament was a picture of Saint
Norbert, with many chronogram inscriptions ; this arch was 70 feet
high and 30 feet wide —

EUCHARlSTliE De HiGRETlCIS TRIUMphUS. = 172O

QUOT HiERESiS FiECUNDA ERRORIbUS, ) =1720

TOT fIDes DIgna CoronIs. / — 7

ConterantUr InIMICI tUI, DeUs. =: 1720

seXto InstItUtIonIs sU-« eLapso SiECULo JUbILant "J

norbertInI, JUbILante brUXeLLa De saCrIs hostIIs, f _

a JUD-fils transfIXIs, IbIqUe annIs qUInqUagInta [ '

sUpra treCentos, perseVerantIbUs IntegrIs. j

agnUs DeI JUge saCrIfICIUM. = 1720

QUI oCCIsUs est ab orIgIne MUnDI. = 1720
Verbo Deo, Vere, reaLIter, et sUbstantIaLIter In saCra-

Mento pr/ssentI. s= 1720

nIsI sIgna, et proDIgIa VIDerItIs, q[3m feCI, non

CreDetIs. =a 1720

faCta sUnt, non fIDeLIbUs, seD InfIDeLIbUs. = 1720

268 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

CoMeDIte qUIa ChrIstUs panIs VIXiE est. = 1720

CreDIte qUIa Veritas ILLUMInans est. = 1720

QUI CoMeDerIt JUstIfICatUs est. = 1720

QUI NON CreDIDerIt JUDICatUs est. = 1720

DIVInItas InCoMprehensIbILIs In VenerabILL = 1720

nIsI CreDIDerItIs, qUIa Ipse est DeUs non InteLLegItIs. = 1720

CreDIMUs, qUIa IbI est ChrIstUs. = 1720

anatheMa a ChrIsto JesU, qUIsqUIs non CreDIt. = 1720

erIt CreDentIbUs In resUrreCtIoneM VIt/e. = 1720

InCreDULIs In rUInaM saLUtIs. = 1720

CoMeDent paUperes, aC satUrabUntUr. = 17*0

fILII rebeLLes Deo hUMILIabUntUr. = 1720

eCCe DeUs VerUs De Deo Vero. = 172^

ChrIstUs JesUs noVI testaMentI saCerDos et hostIa. = 1720
fILIo DeI In saCrIs hostIIs Vere gLorIoso grIMberga

posUIt. = 1720

The tenth arch bore a picture of St. Thomas Aquinas in a
triumphal chariot accompanied by allegorical and angelic personages,
and a great many polemical inscriptions ; rays of light from above are
descending on the saint (who in his day was called Doctor Thomas),
with the words * benfe de me scripsisti,' which are repeated in the most
prominent chronogram —

VICtorIa thoM« DoCtorIs eXhIbIta. = 1720

EUCHARlsrliE IMpUgnatores DeVICIt. = 1720

ChrIstI prssentIaM eX sCrIptUra osTENDIr. = 1720

hUJUs offICIUM DesCrIpsIt. = 1720

VenerabILe LoqUItUr : BENk De Me sCrIpsIstL = 1720

CaLVInI argUMenta Ipse DIssoLVIt. = 1720

hIC eXIstIt CorpUs DoMInI. = 1720

sILeat tt«RRETlCI DUM Ipse LoqUItUr. = 1720

ACCIDENTIA Manent absqUe sUbstantIa VInI. = 1720

BRUXELLiE saCraMento gaUDent. = 1720

Vere LIgnUM VlTiE CiELESTis paraDIsI. = 1720

Isaac VICtIMa VIVa DeI. = 1720

saCerDotIUM ChrIstI JesU prcsIgnatUr. = 1720

panIs VlTiE De C-fiLIs hoMInIbUs obLatUs. = 1720

arCa VIVa MoDo ChrIstIanIs proponItUr. = 1720

paneM proposItIonIs nUnC sIngULIs eDere LUbet. = 1720

aMbULat eLIas fortItUDIne ILLIUs. = 1720

bIbant hIC sIngULI UnDaM saLUtIs. = 1720

agnUs nobIs oCCIsUs ab orIgIne MUnDI. = 1720

Ipse qUI septeM DIssoLVIt sIgnaCULa. = 1720

hostIa paCIfICa hUJUs MUnDI. = 1720

The twenty- two following lines are adapted from the hymn
' Lauda Sion,' by that 'angelic teacher/ Thomas Aquinas —

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 269

LaUDa sIon saLVatoreM In tVbIs et In ChorIs. = 1720

LiETis soLeMnIIs JUnCta sUnt gaUDIa. = 1720

DIES soLennIs agItUr, Mors JesU reCoLItUr. = 1720

LaUDIs theMa speCIaLIs VobIs proponItUr. = 1720

reCeDant Vetera, noVa sInt oMnIa VIta et CcxjItatIo. = 1720

ChrIstUs traDItUr In C^na noVIssIMa. = 1720

ChrIstUs DICItUr agnUs et azYMa. = 1720

Data fUIt Manna patrIbUs, Caro ChrIstI fratrIbUs. = 1720

fatetUr ChrIstIanUs qUoD In CarneM transIt panIs. = 1720

chrIstUs fIt panIs non MIttenDUs CanIbUs. = 1720

panIs angeLICUs DatUr soLIs hoMInIbUs. = 1720

panIs C-fiLESTis hUMILIbUs traDItUr. = 1720

faCIUnt presbYterI Ut sUMant et Dent CiETERls. = 1720

NON CapIs? non VIDes? VIVa DoCebIt fIDes. = 1720

si sCInDatUr, sIgnI tantUM fIt fraCtUra. = 1720

ManDUCat hoC paUper serVUs. = 1720

JUstI aD VItaM aCCIpIUnt. = 1720

sl MaLe eDant eXItIaLIs CIbUs. = 1720

DeDIt fragILIbUs De poCULo sangUInIs. = 1720

IstUD aCCIpIte, oMnes eX eo bIbIte. = 1720

fIDes sUffICIt qUanDo sensUs DefICIt. = 1720

DatUr In CiENA noCtIs fIgUrIs terMInUs. = 1720

Here the description of this particular jubilee procession ter-
minates, and it is followed by a similar one on the 28th July 1720.
The triumphal arch (the eleventh in the volume) is represented in an
especially fine engravmg. It bore a profusion of chronogram inscrip-
tions and allegorical ornament In the centre is a representation of
the Emperor Charles vi., and this quotation (?) made into a chrono-
gram—

. . . CONSTANS UtRAMqUe tUeBOR : 1 _ Tfoft

neUtra CaDet. ; ^ ''^°

and on every available place were the following inscriptions —

perCUssIstI, DeUs InIMICos tUos, = 1720

DeUs qUI faCIs MIrabILIa soLUs! = 1720

aDoro te DeVote, Latens DeItas: ) _

sUb fIgUra panIs, ChrIste LatItas. j '

JesU-ChrIsto pIo, MUnDI Conservator! = 1720

NEC MInUs JUsto JUDICI. = 1720

eCCe DeI natUs, patIens, qUIa MItIs et agnUs. = 1720

neqUItI«qUe potens aC forMIDabILIs ULtor. = 1720

trIUMpho eUCharIstICo senatUs BRABANTliE DestInabat. =s 1720

saCra lux De soLe sUpreMo. = 1720

sIC ILLe VIDetUr In UMbrIs, = 1720

There is an inscription, also, in Hebrew, a quotation from
Zechariah xiL 10, ' And they shall look upon me, whom they have

270 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

pierced,' referring also to St John xix. 37, which quotes the same
words. Now resuming the chronograms —

UtI reLIgIo MIraCULo ostenDItUr, = 1720

sic JUstItIa noXIos ConDeMnat. = 1720

Ita septIMa CLaUDUnt — JUbILa brabantI. = 1720

On an adjoining structure were these inscriptions —

CrUX erebUM DebeLLat. = 1720

and thereon was a portrait of Charles vi., inscribed —
CaroLo CiESARl, seMper aUgUsto, fortI, ConstantIqUe
ECCLEsI-ffi proteCtorI. =1720

qUatUor CaroLI BRABANTliE totIDeM JUbILantes. = 1720

Referring to the four Dukes of Brabant, Charles the son of
Charlemagne, Charles the Bold, Charles v. of Spain and Austria, and
Charles vi. the reigning sovereign.

totUs, ChrIste, tIbI sUbMIttIt CorDa senatUs, = 1720

qUeM VI Vo pIetas CreDIt Inesse CIbo. = 1720

6 Da JUstItIaM, serVent H-fiC JUbILa beLgas, = 1720

tE brUXeLLa, DeCens arDor aD astra Vehat. = 1720

1 he twelfth arch has a picture of the wounded Lamb —

JesU ChrIsto a JUDiEls IterUM Cfisp. =1720

trIbUs SiECULIs ET MeDIo JUbILat, = 1720

saCeLLUM sanguinis DIVInI. = 1720

1 he next structure was a highly decorated arcade of twenty-
three compartments, the central one being surmounted by a picture of
Peter attempting to walk on the water, and inscribed, ' Modicas fidei,
quare dubitasti?' — Matt xiv. 31. All the others bore chronogram
inscriptions referring to the rivers of the country, heathen marine
deities, and fishes ; there were some other mythological inscriptions ;
all made to illustrate the dogmatic theology which was so prominent
throughout the festival

1. JesU absConDIto JUbILante fLUMIna. = 1720

2. qUIa VentI aC Mare obeDIUnt ILLI. = 1720

3. saLVatoreM In trIbUs hostIIs LaUDate pIsCes. = 1720

4. UnanIMes festIs In aqUIs DUCIte Choreas; = 1720

5. pLaUDIte pInnIs, pLaUDIte CaUDIs. = 1720

6. erIgIte CapIta, CUM VenIt pontI DeUs. = 1720

7. aLVeo nItIDIorI, fLUMIneqUe Casto. = 1720

8. CUrrat senna,^ CanatqUe trIton nUMInIs proDIgIa:= 1720

9. qUaLIa CerULea non VIDIt aMphItrIte: = 1720

10. aUt sCeptro trICUspIDe patraVIt In MarI, = 1720

1 1. proCeLLosI DoMItor aqUorIs fraterqUe JoVIs [Neptune.] = 1 720

12. CUMqUe profUnDo oCeano proteUs. = 1720

13. TRiNiE HOSTliE seXagInta DeCeM LUstrIs gLorIos/s. = 1720

^ Th« river Senne at Brussels.

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 271

14. rUbentIbUs fLUMen CoraLIIs spargIte nereIDes, = 1720

15. DUM ConChIs genItrIX ornabIt rIpas, = 1720

16. ET nereUs genItor MeDIo VortICe CaptabIt UnIones. = 1720

17. senna^ trIUMpha aUro DIVIte paCtoLo nobILIor: = 1720

18. tIbI DILIa,! tIbIqUe sCaLDIs^ InVIDebIt; = 1720

19. qUoD patrIIs aMnIbUs soLUs feLICIor = 1720

20. MIraCULoso tot annIs Deo In Urbe JUbILes. = 1720

21. NON ILLUD rhaDano, DanUbIo, eUphratI ContIgIt: = 1720

22. tU soLUs nUMInIs proDIgIa CeLebrabIs. = 1720
There were also these further chronograms —

ChrIstUs hInC saCrarIo perfIDo a JUDa abLatUs. = 1370

JaM septIes In Lueto JUbILo DUCtUS. = 1720

6 JesU fUnDItUs DeCIDat JerICho. = 1720

hostIas saCras, a treCentIs qUInqUagInta annIs,>^
InstIgante tYranno InfernaLI, haC In eCCLesIa |

sUrREPTAS, iNVISiEQUE GENTI HEBRAlCiE, SaCrILeGE I

ILLas traCtantI, sangUInIs effUsIone CognItas atqUe V= 1720
horrIbILes, rUrsUs hUC reVertentes eXornatIone j

pIa pIeTATEQUe InsIgnI SANCTiE CATHARlNiE PAROChIanI I

VenerantUr. J

1 he fourteenth arch bore this one chronogram —

hostIIs eX teMpLo DIV^e CATHARlNiE abLatIs, = 1720

JUDiEORUM saCrILegIo VIoLatIs, = 1720

pLUs trIbUs SiECULIs et MeDIo IntegrIs: = 1720

reI NAlJTlCiE DIreCtores Deo proDIgIoso posUerUnt. = 1720

On the fifteenth arch were numerous emblems, statues of the
Virgin Mary, St Anna, St. Joseph, St Carlo Borromeo, and St Philip
Neri, also a picture of a triumphal progress, all denoting the triumph
of Christianity, with these inscriptions —

A fInIbUs terrarUM psaLLIte fIDeLes popULI. = 1720

ChrIstIanUs De heretICIs trIUMphUs. = 1720

CrUor eXCItat MIsterIa fIDeL = 1720

CaroLUs LaUDat VerItatIs MYsterIa. = 1720

D^tUr In JUge saCrIfICIUM. = 1720

aLDUs JUbILeerDt De paroChIe Van FiNls-TERRiE. = 1720

qUIs sICUt DoMInUs nobIs CohabItans? = 1720

1 his brings the festivals of 1720 to a conclusion. The volume
then contains a further narrative of another and similar festival held
in 1735 ^^ Brussels. Some of the arches used on former occasions
were again set up, together with new ones of great architectural and
decorative quality, with an abundance of chronograms. Passing over
seven engravings by Harrewyn and Krafft, and twenty-three pages of
description of the procession, we arrive at the first triumphal arch,

^ Rivers— the Senne, the Dyle, and the Scheldt.

272 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

which bore these inscriptions, telling us how Brussels agam 'lifted up
its heart' —

rUrsUs brUXeLLa sUrsUM CorDa. = 1735

Dat brUXeLLa JUbILUM RESXAURATiE reLIgIonIs. = 173s

saCrILegUs aLter, VenDItor DeI, JUDas resUrreXIt. = 1735

qUot VULtIs MIhI Dare? InqUIebat fUr sCeLestUs. = 1735

paCtUM InIIt, traDUXIt CIto fUratUs. = 1735

HoC rUrsUs a JUDa ChrIstUs JUDiEls traDItUr. = 1735

The second arch, put up by the College of Jesuits, bore many
inscriptions, and these chronograms —

paCI, fIDeI, hostIIs restItUtIs trIpLeX JUbILeUM. = 1735

stUDIosI brUXeLLenses gYMnasII soCIetatIs JesU
erIgebant. = 1 735

1 he third arch, the same which was so used in the first festival,
had these inscriptions —

aDoro te DeVote fULgens DeItas, ) _

QUiE sUb hIsCe fIgUrIs Vere LatItas. / — '735

FONS AQUiE VlTiE absConDItUs MIrabILIter eXaLtatUr. = 173s
o Vera hostIa beLLa preMUnt hostILIa Da robUr fer
aUXILIa. = 173s

eX angeLo CeLI Vera In eXtreMIs sUbsIDIa. = 1735

qUoD NGN CapIs et NGN VIDes, Vera JesU probat fIDes,
et sI sensUs CorrUant. = 1735

De CaptIVItate VICtrIX trIUMphUs. =s 1735

On the fourth arch, the same as in the first festival —
eXtItIt In CrassIs qUonDaM brUXeLLa tenebrIs: = 1735

ILLIs DepULsIs, LUXqUe fIDesqUe reDIt. = 1735

On the fifth, a new arch, was this dedication —
Deo In eUCharIstIa qrUXeLLensIUM serVatorI. s= 1735

1 he sixth, also a new arch, was thus inscribed —
JesU absConDIto a CentUM et qUInqUagIntIs annIs
prIstIno honorI pIe restItUto.^

Deo regIqUe sUo reConsILIata feLICIter CIVItate: In
fIDeI REsrlxUTiE gratIas pro patrIa Voto ereXIt senatUs
popULUsqUe brUXeLLensIs. This chronogram makes 1635

1 he seventh arch, surmounted by a figure of the bishop Saint
Nicolas, bore this inscription —

Deo In trInIs hostIIs LatItantI fIDeIqUe CATHoLICiE
RESTlxUTiE CLIentes sanCtI nICoLaI posUerUnt, = 1735

1 he eighth arch, the same as the ninth in the first jubilee, was
again covered with chronograms suitable to the advanced date, and
again alluding to St Norbert —

^ Thus in the original, hut the chronogram makes 1736.

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 273

sUCCUbUIt LlNoUiE tanCh'LInI antVerpIa: at eCCe
norbertI MonItIs hostIa^saCra stetIt. = 1735

VerbI DeI fraCo eXIMIUs sanCtUs norbertUs Intonat. = 1735
CaptIVate Cor, et sensUs Vestros In obseqUIUM Ver«
fIDeI, = 173s

DeUs Vester In eUCharIstIa sUb speCIebUs aDest : VenIte,
aDorate. = 1735

JesUs VerUs agnUs oCCIsUs ab orIgIne MUnDL = 1735

ChrIstUs DoMInUs obLatUs est, qUIa Ipse VoLUIt. = 1735

qUI eDent eX Carne ChrIstI VIVent In .«ternUM. = 1735

QUI NGN ManDUCaVerInt eX ILLA InterIbUnt. = 1735

sXUrgat DeUs et peLLantUr InIMICI eJUs: = 1735

aUfUgIant, qUI oDerUnt ILLUM a faCIe eJUs. = 1735

sXtIrpentUr JUD^I, erUbesCantqUe saCraMentarII. = 1735
naM qUoD IstI CULtro, hI LIngUA transfIXerUnt. = 1735

aDorent eUM angeLI eJUs, serVIant eI fopULI et trIbUs
In saCrIs hostIIs. = 1735

aDoro te eX CorDe Latens DeItas, qUe sUb hIs fIgUrIs
Vere LatItas. = 173s

CIbaVIt sUos ChrIstUs eX aDIpe frUMentI. = 1735

In DIebUs faMIs satUrabUntUr, qUIa peCCatores
perIbUnt. = 173s

qUoD norbertUs PRfiDICAViT, aDrIanUs CrUore sIgnaVIt.= 1735
DoCtrInaM patrIs sangUIne sUo eXornaVIt JaCobUs. = 1735
DatUr nobIs panIs angeLICUs, oMnIqUe sUaVItate
pLenUs. = 173s

Vere CreDentIbUs saLUs, aLIIs eXItIUM. = 1735

ChrIsto Deo sUb hostIA LatentI sUppLeX grIMberga
ereXIt. =s 173s

Eight statues of the evangelists and saints adorned the arch,
with quotations from their writings —
S. Matrsus. Hoc est Coitus meum.
S. Marcus. Hie est Sanguis mens.
S. Lucas. Hoc facite in meam commemorationem.
S. Joannes. Caro . • . mea ver^ est Cibus.

S. Gregorius. Panem . . • manente proprii specie in camem . . .
convertit

S. Ambrosius. De pane fit Caro Christi.

S. Augustinus. Nemo . . . illam Camem manducat, nisi prius ador-
averit

S. Hieronymus. Dominus Jesus . . . ipse, comedens, et qui coroe-
ditur.

Figures of angeb with inscriptions complete the decorations of
the arch —

JUbILeMUs Deo In VoCe eXULtatIonIs. = 1735

xXULtatb Deo aDJUtorI Vestro, JUbILate Deo JaCor = 1735
bUCCInate In neoMenIa tUba In annIVersarIo DIe
fsstIVItatIs Vestr*. = ^735

2 M

274 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

6 Vera UnaqUe saLUtIs hostIa, qU« CisLI panDIs ostIUM.= 1735
beLLa Urgent hostILIa, Da robUr, sis aUXILIUM. = 1735

1 he ninth arch as described must have been a very elaborate
affair ; it had a profusion of chronogram inscriptions relating to theo-
logical polemics and the doctrines of Luther and Calvin —
CaLVInUs sILeat, DUM JUgIs fatUr aqUInas; = 1735

eXhaUstUs LUther aC DogMata faLsa rUUnt : = 1735

ChrIstUM eX sCrIptUra sIne pane eXIstere traDIt, = 1735

ID ConfIrMaVIt: VICtUs UterqUe fUIt. = 1735

CUM eUCharIstIa et VIrgIne VaDIt sUper aqUas. = 1735

VIatICUM CaptIVIs Deferens sUspensUs fUIt. = 1735

HOSTliE PRoDlGloSiE brUXeLLIs ManUs eVaserUnt

HiBRETlCAS. = 173s

JUbILant brUXeLLenses oMnes sIngULarI gaUDIo. = 1735

brUXeLLenses aDhUC thesaUrUM serVant. = 1735

LIgnUM InsIgne, qUoD protULIt frUCtUs VIt^. = 1735

saCerDotIUM JesU VIVaCIter PRfiFlGURAxUR. = 173S

IesUs Ut IsaaC VICtIMa VIVa Deo offertUr. = 1735

panIs VIVUs CaLItUs hoMInIbUs DeLatUs. = 1735

IesUs Vere VIVa arCa feDerIs In saLUteM popULI. = 1735

panIs proposItIonIs nUnC qUIbUsCUMqUe DatUr. •= 1735
aMbULaVIt eLIas In fortItUDIne panIs et VInL*

agnUs CrUCIfIXUs ab orIgIne MUnDI. = 1735

VerUs Ipse agnUs, qUI septeM DIssoLVIt sIgnaCULa. = 1735

qUICUMqUe bIbIt eX haC UnDa non sItIet. = 1735

NGN VoLUIt, Ut DetUr panIs fILIorUM CanIbUs, = 1735

UterqUe DIgnoVIt ChrIstUM eX fraCtIone panIs. = 1735

The foregoing narrative (at page 38) is thus officially approved of :
' Ick heb gelezen met groot voldoeninge seker Schrift liabbende voor
tytel : Vervolgh van de Hooghweerdige Historie van het Alder-
heylighste Sacrament van Mirakel, etc., ende oordeele, dat het selve
sal mogen gedrukt worden, etc. etc. — ^Actum Mechlinise, 9 Julii
i73S« (Signed) h.stbvart. Ecdesis Metropolitana S. Rumoldi
Canonicus Grad. et Decanus, Ezaminator et Judex Synod. Censor
Librorum ordinarius.'
gLorIa In eXCeLsIs Deo paX Vera hoMInIbUs. = 1735

DeUs eXerCItUUM qUI pro IsraeL praLIaberIs, = '735

eXUrge aUgUsto Cje&kbI eMerIto eUCharIstLb DefensorI. = 1735

A NOTHER festival was held at Brussels in the same year (1735).
jr\ The piocession and die decorations are fully described in the
concluding pages of the volume. A display of the statues of Minerva
and the Muses, with allegorical and personal allusions, is preceded
by these chronograms —

' Thus in the original, but the chronogram makes only 1628.

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

275

gratIas agIte et JUbILatr Deo reLIgIone A CentUM et

qUInqUagInta annIs restItUta. = 1735

eXULtate et JUbILate Deo sCIentIarUM aUtorI. = 1735
Deo sUb fIgUra panIs absConDIto eX trabIs reCessU pro-

DeUntI. (i>. hidden^ and taken from the hole in the beam,) = 1 735

stUDIosI gYMnasII brUXeLLensIs soCIetatIs JesU. = 1735

Among a profusion of statues and decorations, and triumphal
archesy all more or less appropriate to the occasion, the following
inscriptions prominently appeared : —

qUasItUs est In LatebrIs DILeCtUs MeUs et InVentUs. = 1735
VERk tU DeUs absConDItUs DeUs IsraeL saLVator Ita

IsaIas. (c. 45.) s 1735

eXULtate Deo aDJUtorI Vestro JUbILate Deo jACoa = 1735

aLeXanDro^ reLIgIoneM brUXeLLIs restItUentI. s= 1735

restItUta brUXeLLensIUM fIDeI ConserVatorL* » 1735

sIngULarI eXeMpLo EUCHARlsTliE PERPETU6 DeVotL* = 173s

Isabella InfantI trIna eX aUro Corona DeUM eXornantI. = 1 735
JUbILat popULUs JUbILant angeLI, abIIt HiEREsIs trIUMphat

fIDES. as 1735

CaROLUS SEXtUs IMpERATOR, RELIgIonIs et JUSTlTliE

InsIgnIs Defensor. = 1735
eUCharIstICo De rsresI trIUMpho senatUs brabantLb eX

VoTO. = 173s
aDoro te DeVote Latens DeItas, qUa sUb ILLa fIgUra

VIVens LatItas. e= 1735

JesU Deo VIVo pIo peCCatorUM eXpIatorI. = 1735

JesU JUsto faCtorUM JUDICI VentUro. ca 1735

sic CIt6 VIDerUnt In qUeM transfIXerUnt.* s= 1735

qUI InDUratI brUXeLLIs sUnt CreMatL = 1735

JUbILaUM ornaVIt arChIDUX eLIsabeta. := 1735

fraternIs arChIDUX eMICans VIrtUtIbUs. as 1735

QUiE Latet In parVa DeItas oCCULta fIgUra ) _ ., -

abDIta CeLata est In trabe CLaUsa CaVa. j — ^735

soLe sUb aUstrIaCo tUta tU reDDIte seDI ) _ .. -

PER TE Bis LatItANS AGNB SENATUs oVaT. / "^ ^'^^

JUD^orUM poLLUIt rabIes, aUstrIaCa eXornat pIetas. *= 1735
De sUrreptIs saCrIs hostIIs DoLUIt eCCLesIa )

sanCta CatharIna eXaLtatIs JUbILat. ) "" ''35

JesU ChrIsto sUb panIs speCIe saCrILeg^ hInC>
abLato ab InIqUIs haresIs transfIXo aC sangUInIs
effUsIone transfIXorIbUs, sUIs fUnesto A sesqUI !
seCLo CaLVInarIo fUrorI seX annIs absConso sUb f "* ^'^5
ILLa Ipsa panIs speCIe hUC reVertentI, - SANCTiE
CatharIna paroChIanI posUere. {See remark an next page.) ^

^ Alexander Farnese, the Spanish Govenior of the Netherlands.

* Philip ii« King of Spain, sovereign of the Netherlands. ' The Prince of Austria,

* Accompanied by a pictnre of the Jews stabbing the Hosts; the punishment inflicted
on them is ailnded to in the next line.

2^6 ff. SACRAMENT VAN MJRAKEL.

CLerUs et popULUs Deo sUa MUnbra VoVent. « 1735

Deo eUCharIstICo paCe et reLIgIone feLICIter )
restItUtA reI NAUxICiE DIreCtore sposUerUnt. j '^5

Xhe inmates of the monastery of Affligem put up an arch,
inscribed —

PRiEPosIxUs ConVentVsqVe affLIgeMIenses JUbILanDo
posUere. = 173s

J/he Augustines put up a decoration, inscribed —
OB profanatIonIs perICULUM seX annIs LatUIt DeUs = 1735
proDIgIosIs hostIIs ereXIt CcenobIUM sanCtI aUgUstInI. = 1735

The procession having traversed very many streets, which are
mentioned by their names, the festival came to its conclusion.

WE have now to go back fifty years, to notice the ceremonies
which were held at Brussels in 1685, the centenary year of
the re-establishment of public worship after the iconoclasts had done
so much mischief in the province. The miraculous consecrated
wafers had been concealed for safety in a beam of wood in the
church from 1579 to 1585, when they were again exhibited to the
public with great rejoicings. There are several troublesome mis-
prints in the original, which cause hesitation in accepting some of the
chronogram dates which are not explained in the text The discre-
pancies which I am unable to correct are alluded to in foot-notes ;
and a few explanations are added by the same means.

i\. tract in the Dutch or Flemish language (British Museum,
press-mark 106. g. 55-1), ^Cort Verhael van de Feeste van het
Hondert-jarigh Jubil^, Over de herstellinghe van het Alderheylighste
Sacrament van Mirakel,' etc It describes the festival held at Bnusels
in 1685, with the decorations of the church of St Gudule and of the
city, among which were the following chronpgrammatic inscriptions —
fIDes CathoLICa brVXeLLa restItVta haresIn eXCeDere
CogIt. s= 1585

Dan WIrt ghY brVsseL qUYt Den groVen geUsen hoop.^
aLs UW MIChaeLs CraCht heLpt' tVUYL gespVYs »
OP L6p. /

De DeUren Der heL Connen oYnt UW VastIgheYt
beWegen.* Matth. 17. 18.

'k Wete Voorseker; ghY zYt ChrIstUs, soon Van Den
LeVenDen goDt. Matth. 16. v. 16. as 1685

^ This makes 1085. It is withoat espbuiation.

' This makes 1690^ probably an error, and should make 1685.

1585

H. SACRAMENT VAN MJRAKEL. 277

OB IstVD eXaLtatIonIs eVCharIstIa aWM. = 1685

VICInIa eXVLtabVnDa tropheVM erIgIt. = 1685
sIet ChrIstI Waere VLeesCh hIer Door De Jo6n

BEGECkEN.^ as 1370

EN zYn aenbIDDers nV tot IUbIL VreUghDen WeCken. = 1685

JUbIL-arCke. \

aen ChrIsto IesU op-gereCht Van De v = 1685
goDtVrUChtIghe Canter-steensChe ghebUerte. )

trIVMphVs fIDeI eXpVLsa haresI restItVt-*:.* = 1585

trIa sVnt oMnIa In CceLIs, VbIqVe VnVs DeVs. = 1685

VenIte Laborantes, Vos Vero DIVInoqVe potV refICIaM.= 1685

haVrIetIs aqVas* CVM gaVDIo it fontIbVs saLVatorIs. = 1685

antIqVItUs ManDUCaVerVnt spIrItVaLIter. = 1685

CaroLVs* reX MVnDo aVgVstVs. = 1685

Dat anthonIo* agVrto gVbernatorI feLIX aVspICIVM. = 1685

sVper eXaLtat brVXeLLa DeVM. = 1685

IVDeI LiETANTER ChrIstVM pVgIonIbVs pVngVnt. = 1685

effLVXIt sang Vis, perfIDI fVgaM CapIVnt, = 1685

DeVs In eVCharIstIa aVXILIVM. = 1685

VsnerabILIS eVCharIstIa ab oMnIbVs Ut DeUs honoretUr.= 1685

fraternItas DIViB MARliB, VenerabILe honoratVra hoC

opVs ereXIt. ss 1685

reDVX GirMeLVs oVat, hIs trIbVs In hostIIs. = 1685

Id est :

CarMeLUs VerheUght U oVer 't VVeDerkeeren. = 1685

Da robVr, fer aVXILIVM CIVItatI. = 1685

6gY MIraCULeUse hostIen, WIe 't staDt beWaeren. = 1685

CIVIbVs IVbILanDVM est, HOSTliE serVata sVnt. = 1685
DIb DrY hostIen Waeren In brUsseL, beWaert Van

'tsChenDen. = 1685

Verheft en Vereert nU't honDert JarIgh JUbILA ) ^^

oM beters VVILLe. ] ^ ^^*S

sIet oM beters VVILLe Wort DIt JUbILA gegeVen. = 1685

qVI fVerat VInDeX MIChaeL stetIt Ipse patron Vs. =s 1685

MIChaeL InterpretatVs, qVIs Vt DeVs serVaVIt hostIas ? = 1685

De serVato pretIosIssIMo thesaVro, brVXeLLa IVbILat. = 1685

hostIa roboratVs aLbIgenses eXpVgnaVIt DoMInICVs* =5: 1685

FF . PRiEDICATORES A saCVLo brVXeLLas ) _ gg

reDVCes hostIIs ConseCrant et aqVInatI. / "" ' ^

VIWs fIDeLIVM CIbVs et VIta. = 1685

trInVs et VnVs MIraCVLosVs In hostIIs DeVs, = 1685

seXennIo qVI DefVerat CentVM annIs IUbILat. =s 1685

^ The year when the Hosts were stolen and stabbed.

* The year of the restoration of worship^ and the suppression of heresy.
' The chronogram at p. 33 ante seems to be in imitation of this.

* Charles IL of Spain. * {Su) mentioned as Governor of the Netherlands.

278 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

A TRACT (British Museum, press-mark io6. g. 55-2), • Tweede Ded
Vande Feeste van het hondert jarich Jubile Over de herstellinge
van het Alderheylichste Sacrament van Mirakel,' etc etc. (It de-
scribes the festival at Brussels, 15th to 29th July 1685, and the pro-
cessions, triumphal cars, and cavalcade, with the decorations of the
streets, the inscriptions, chronograms, etc., used on the occasion.)
Published at Brussels 1685, and consists of 34 pages.^

The chronograms are as follows —
eX tb ortVs est soL IVstItL* ChrIstVs DoMInVs. * = 1685
sVb speCIe panIs IVbILat VeraX DoMInVs. = 1685

trIno VnIqVe Deo LatIs brVXeLLa trIVMphIs. = 1685

aenbIDt In DrY WonDerbaere hostIen UWen sChepper
EN VerLosser. = 1685

Followed by some poetry, with this at the end —
WiEERE EN stantVastIghe geLooVIge Vereert goDt Int
onbegrYpbaer aUtaers saCraMent. = 1685

hoUVVaerDt VerborgDen brUsseLs Waeren sCilet.*
Desen IUbIL^ Is oVer goDts eYgen VLeesCh en bLoeDt.^
LUter In Dese hostIen Is Den WaeraChtIgen eeUWIgen
goDt. = 1685

CaLVIn aenbIDt hIer VrY UWen goDt en behoeDer.*
WY IUbILeren Voor 't WeerDIgste saCraMent. «= 1685
ghY Waere ChrIstenen hoUDt U Dan by 't oUDt geLooVe.'= 1685
De haresIe eXpVLsa trIVMphat eVCharIstIa VerItas. = 1685
Vrbs speraVIt In VenerabILI, non ConfVnDetVr In
aternVM. = 1685

paX et fIDes VenerabILIs brVXeLLIs reDDIta. = 1685

hoDIe IVbILeVM VrbIs brVXeLLbnsIs. ss 1685

qVIs LoqVItVr potentIas DoMInI? Psal. 105, ) ,

brVXeLLa narrabIt. j

host1« reperta sVnt brVXeLLIs ; VnDe IVbILaMVs.^
IVbILaje Deo oMnes popVLI, serVIte Verb sxLVatorI
Vestro. = 1685

aDoraMVs te IesV qVI hIC sVb fIgVrIs Verb Lates. = 1685
VenIte eXVLtate DoMIno IVbILantes saLVatorI nostro. = 1685
serVator IVbILat sVb speCIebVs panIs: VenIte
aDoreMVs. ss 1685

A CentVM annIs, pIo DeI faVore eXpVLsa fVIt h^resIs. = 1685
brVXeLLa DethesaVro PRiESTANTlssIMo InVento IVbILat. = 1685
IVbILant eXInDe oMnes pII brVXeLLenses. := 1685

VIrI qVoqVb MeLCstratenses VenerantVr DIVInas
hostIas. = 1685

DeVs trInVs et VnVs IVbILat In InVento saCraMento.= 1685

^ See the remarks at p. 276, anU, * This makes 1 185, not explained,

' This makes 177O1 it most be an error. ^ This makes 1680.

' This makes 1683. • This makes |636,
* This makes 1689.

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 279

1685

fIXa CaVsat gaVDIa festVM IVbILeL = 1685

bIs qVInta MartII Vrbs brVXeLLa DeLIberatVr. = 1685

gLorIa patrI et fILIo et spIrItVI sanCto sICVt In

prInCIpIo et nVnC et erIt In seMpIterna &«CVLa.

fVgatIs hostIbVs gVDVLa trIVMphat ob restItVtas

saCras hostIas. }•= 1685

In fIDe brVXeLLa trIVMphat noVo JUbILeo.
angeLVs DIVo BONAVENTlJRiE trIbVIt eVCharIstIaM. = 1685

CHRONICUM JUBILARE
Venerabile k Miraculis Sacratnentum k furore iconoclastarum divinitus
servatum fuit Anno Christi 1585.

ChrIstVs trIbVs sVb hostIIs A JVDeIs transfIXVs, seX \
OB H-fiRETlCos ANNlSy hIC LatVIt, hICqVe aDoratVr hIC \ = 1685
IVbILatVr. )

DIE AEN 't krUYs Is ghestorVen heeft MIrakULeUseLYk ) _ g«
aLhIer In bethanIen gherUst. / ^

't ghene De ongheLooVIghe JoDen hebben DoorWont
VYoRT Van ChrIstenen hIer ghe-eert.^
IVbILeVM DebetVr In bethanIa eX sangVIne
kattenbroeCk. = 1685

Dobbel Jaer-schrift.
Vereert Dese DrY Doorsteken hostIen, De WeLCkeI
Van JoUffroUWe Joanna baerts In Desen baLCk ses> *
Jaeren Yn beWaert. )

honorabILI eVCharIstIa DIVInItVs restItVta

trIVMphantL = 1685

Hoc est enim Corpus meum.
Hic est enim Calyx Sanguinis mei novi et aeterni
Testament! Misterium Fidei qui pro vobis et pro multis
efFundetur in remissionem peccatorum.

Anagramma}
Ecce continuum hic est miraculum.
Judei impiissime confoderunt tres Hostias.
Non sine pretio effluxit Sanguis per terram.
Mementote vobisque Jesum intimae imprimite.

^ This makes 1684.

* This is carefully compared with the original; it makes 2859. It is intended for double
the date 1685 = 3370 ; or for double the dates 1579 or 1585. It will fit neither, nor can it
be divided equally into any year date. The word ' balck ' is the ' beam of wood * in which
the Hosts were hidden for safety.

* This anagram consists of 138 letters in the first sentence, and 139 in the second; by
marking off the letter Y in the first against two of the letters i in the second, all are used,
and the anagram will be found to be perfect. It is an example of great ingenuity and
patience, but who can tell of the amount of time consumed in composing it ! Nevertheless it
IS excelled by the anagram-chronograms at a subsequent page of this volume where the
' Decas Mariana' is described.

28o H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

A chronogrammatic Hymn.

De CceLo IesVs orIens, DIVIna VIVens DeXtera = 1685

opVs saLVtIs terMInans eXCeDIt VIta In Vespere. = 1685

6 IesVs eXCeLsa hostIa, qVa VIt« panDIs ostIVM. = 1685

teLa vibrant hostILIa, Da robVr fer aVXILIVM. = 1685

VnI trInoqVe DoMIno eX aqVo IVnCta gLorIa. = 1685

qVI sVIs absqVe terMIno, VIVere Det In &«CVLa. = 1685

VIta, DeCor, LaVrVs, VIrtVsqVe sIt oMnIpotentI. == 1685

DICIto LVX VIVat sIt VenrranDa DIes. = 1685

In qVa LatItIa gaVDet brVXeLLa trIVMphIs. = 1685

qVoD IVbILVM In trInIs Vota preCesqVe foVet. = 1685

VIVat CaroLVs HlsPANliE et InDIarVM reX. = 1685

MIraCVLoso In hostIIs Deo reX et senatVs brabantLs

posVerVnt. = 1685

DeVs trInVs et VnVs hIC IVbILans trIVMphat. = 1685

sangVInIs Vera effVsIo, est IVDeorVM pLena ConfVsIo. = 1685
In trIbVs transfIXIs hostIIs MIrabILIs nosCItVr DeVs. = 1685
eCCe, Vero et ContInVo MIraCVLo sangVIne* hostI« hIC

ConserVantVr. ss 1685

DoMVs regaLIs aVstrI-a tVtrIX eVCharIstLr = 1685

qVIs est qVI fIDeM protegIt VtI reX CaroLVs? = 1685

siT popVLo IjetantI, In aVXILIVM DeVs. = 1685

Sacramentum Miraculosum.

Anagramma.
Sacrum ac immortale Munus.
roraVIt Manna DesVper Vt gens IsraeLItICa esVrIens

satVraretVr. = 1685

DeVs In trabIs LIgno sVb saCraMento annIs seX pik

asserVatVr. = 1685

ab InIqVa RfiREsI DeVs LIberaVIt brVXeLLaM. := 1685

panIs DIVInVs CceLItVs MIssVs Vt nos saLVaret. = 1685

IVbILantIbVs In terrIs trIbVs hostIIs zeLosI appLaVDVnt

MInores. s= 1685

VaLe reX, tIbI sInt tVa MVnera QViE DespICIo. == 1685

thesaVrVs MeVs est IesVs ChrIstVs DeI fILIVs. = 1685

Verhooght In DrY hostIen het WoorDt VLeesCh

gheVVorDen. = 1684

stanVastIge ChrIstenen aenbIDt DIt brooDt Van 't

eeXJVVIgh LeVen. = 1685

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

WE now go forward 135 years, and find in the nineteenth cen-
tury that chronograms were still in use, though in less profu-
sion. I have not met with any later than 1821 for the jubilee festivals.
A book (British Museum, press-mark 11555, ee. i. the 5th tract),

H, SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL, 281

* Negenvondigen Jubel-galm, of zegenrykegeheugenisse, dat het heylig
sacrament van mirakel, in der Hoofd-stad van Braband, het princelyk
Brusser (on the occasion of the four hundred and fiftiedi anniversary).
Published at Antwerp, and dated —

appLaUDIMUs saCrosanCt^ JUbILatIonI. = 1820

On the back of the title-page are these chronograms —

VenIstI teMpUs aCCeptabILe, DIes saLUtarIs I = 1820

beLgIs DILUCULUM reLIgIonIs ! ^ = 1820

ALUs LUCIDULUM LetItLe ! = 1820

Observe the two entire words of numeral letters. The book con-
sists of twenty pages of poetry, in the Flemish language, headed,
' Mirabilia Opera Altissimi,' with copious footnotes, which contain Uie
following chronograms —

P. 5. reCorDatIo MagnIfICa ILLUXIt! = 1820

P. 4, beneDICet In sUa CLeMentIa popULIs sUIs = 1820

P. 5. eXtoLLaMUs BELGiE DUCES APOSToLos! = 1820

P. 12. HoC JUBlLiEUM DeCor Ingens popULI nostrI. = 1820

ILLUstrI JUbILatIone DeLeCtaMUr. = 1820

P. 17. eCCe Vere-MIrIfICUs IbI DeUs. = 1820

Concessit DeUs beLgIo sUo JUbILatIoneM. = 1820

P. 18. DIES CLEMENTliE beLgIs ILLUXIt. = 1820

P. 19. eXUnDante peCCato MULta fLagra. = 1820

P. 20. o saLUtarIs hostIa ! \

beLgas fIDeLes reCrea: > = 1820

pIos DoLentes aDJUVa. j
The tract concludes with these words —

eCCe DeCUs VERk-VESTRUM. = 1820

AiAiiiii^^^*^^*^^^^^^V^^^J

THE next tract, No. 6 in the last-mentioned volume, has this title,
*Triumphus Veritatis et Religionis, sive Annus quadringen-
tesimus quinquagesimus, quo tres Miraculosae Hostiae, adhuc integrse,
apud Bruxellenses, in aede D : D : Michaelis et Gudulae, publicse
Adorationi etiamnum expositas, adservantur, et in processione
solemni, i6** et 30™ Julii, anni currentis 1820, ad Fidelium consola-
tionem circumducentur.'

aDorate peCULIarI VeneratIone MIraCULosas hostIas. = 1820
(Published at Antwerp.)
This chronogram is in large letters on the back of the title-page —

eXCeLsUM |
Con La U Date i

el820

2 N

282 H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL.

Then follow six pages, of a sort of oration in Latin, printed in
lines of irregular length, in the manner of an inscription, on the
subject of the Sacrament-Miracle in 1370, commencing thus —
Non indiget elato Oratorum stylo
tale iantumquejubiktum :
agitur Memoria, omni exceptione major,

MIRACULI MIRACULORUM, ETC. ETC.

Occasionally a line is chronogrammatic, thus —

ET eCCe eVentUs InsIgnIs MIraCULI ! = 1370

HoC saCraMento gaUDeant brUXeLLenses ! = 1820

ILLa soLennItas peCULIare petIt gaUDIUM, = 1820

SUCCINATE tUba In DeVotIone MagnIfICa! = 1820

sBssasasaaaa

A tract (British Museum, press-mark 11555. ee. i. No. 4), *Twee-
honderd-vyftig-jaerig Jubil^, Over de roemweSrdige Geheuge-
nisse, dat de Turken geslaegen en verdre^ven zyn gewe^st met hunne
talryke Vlodte, te Lepante, do<5r de vereenigde Christene Princen,
onder het vo<5rzigtig Beleyd van den kloekmodigen Zee-Admirael
Joannes van Oostenryk :' etc, etc. Published at Antwerp, and
dated —

aDVenIt teMpUs aCCeptabILe JUbILatIonIs. = 1821

Xhe subject relates to the battle of Lepanto and its results to
Christians in the East ; and to the services then rendered by John of
Austria, the natural son of the Emperor Charles v., and who ?ra8
subsequently made Governor of the Netherlands. A description is
given of a religious festival held to commemorate the event, and of
the decorations put up on the occasion, with numerous appropriate
inscriptions and chronogiams. The latter are as follows, leaving out
the narrative and description, which is all in the Flemish language —
ContrIVIt VIrgo MagnI CapUt Ista DraConIs. = 1821

regIna sanCtIssIMI rosarII De VICtorIa ) = i8ai

erIgebat antIqUa ConfraternItas. j

aCCeDatIs VIrgIneM sInCero IntUItU. = 1821

ConfIDaMUs VIrtUtI saCrosanCtI rosarIL = 182 1

fLoreat tUrCICIDII JUbIL^eUM ! := 1821

DIVo pIo pontIfICI, saCraVIMUs Confratres. = 182 1

sanCto patrI DoMInICo parI eXULtatb LatItIA. ss 182 i

VeneranDI rosarII festUM nobIs ILLUCesCIt. = 1821

VenIstIs In CoMpUnCtIone CorDIs VestrI. = 182 1

pLaCate eXCeLsUM DeVotIone. = 182 1

LaUDate eXCeLsUM sanCtItate, = 1821

JUbILatIoneM CoLIte DeVotIonIs affeCtU. = 1821

reDIbItIs cum frUCtIbUs paCIs Interna = 1821

H. SACRAMENT VAN MIRAKEL. 283

IjetaMUr tUrCICIDII JUsILiEo! = 1821

saLVe DILUCULUM soLenne! = 18^1

eXaLtetUr festUM Deo aCCeptabILe. = 182 1

InVoCate PRiEsIDIUM affLICtI popULI. = 182 1

CongaUDebIMUs In peCULIarI LiBxIxIA. = 182 1

annUnCIabItIs VICtorIaM De tUrCIs. = 182 1

HoC soLeMnI JUBlLiEo JUnCta sInt gaUDIa. = 182 1

JUbILeMUs eCCLesIa DeI In VerItate. = 1821

VenIte aD JUBlLiEUM In sanCta speI ConsoLatIone. = 1821

pIIs CIVIbUs ConDeCorabItUr MarIa. = 1821

VIrgInI ConserVatrICI DICaMUs. = 1821

eXtoLLIte saCrosanCta DIVIna MYsterIa. = 1821

affLICtIs MIserIsqUe faVe DILeCta VIrago. = 1821

DILeCtIs, VIrgo VeneranDa, CLIentIbUs aDsIs. = 182 1

ConfIDaMUs, CIVes, InVentrICI gratLe. = 1821

soLennItateM aCCeDIte InsIgnI eXULtatIoneI = 1821

CceLUM eXaUDIeT CONLiETANTES ! = 1 82 1

MIserICorDIa VIrgInIs eXCeLLet 1 = 182 1

saCro rosarIo ConfUnDantUr InIMICI VestrI. = 1821

VIrgInI CLeMentI aC fIDeLI posUerUnt. = 1821

eCCe VIrtUtUM DeCUs. =s 1821

eXULteMUs ConCorDIter BELGiS! = 1821

eX Vera ConfratrUM ConCorDIa. = 182 1

tUrCICIDIUM VerIfICatIs. = 1821

1 he narrative and history of the fortgoing subject may be read in two
books, to be seen in the British Museum, ' Description de kt cavalcade — qui
sera ex^ut^ par les ^coliers du college de la compagnie de J^sus — k
Bruxelles,' 1770, 4°, with en^vings. Press-mark 9930. f. And'Histoire
des Hosties Miraculeuses— qui se conserve k Bruxelles depuis Tan 1370, etc.*
Bruxelles, 1760, 8®, with many engravings. Press-mark 4327. c

M'm^m^m.

BOOKS WITH CHRONOGRAM TITLES,
DATES, ANID DEDICATIONS.

;OME few books are remarkable for having their title-
pages composed in chronogram, which gives the sub-
ject of the work as well as the date of publication ;
other books, and they are more numerous, have the
title-page printed in the ordinary manner, with the
addition of a sentence or motto in chronogram to express the date ;
occasionally the chronogram date is to be found in the dedication or
on the back of the title-page. # A book dated in this manner (and
there is usually an absence of figures) is in danger of being catalogued
as * no date.'

This group contains many examples of such methods of dating,
and others are placed elsewhere in this volume, when the subject has
rendered a special arrangement of them desirable, the Index, under
the head ' Book dates, etc,' will show where they are noticed.^ The
books alluded to have emanated principally from the German press ;
a search for them among the publications of either England, France,
or Italy, would be well-nigh fruitless; as an instance, a careful
examination of the * Bagford ' collection of title-pages in the British
Museum, perhaps ten thousand in number, resulted in the finding of
only two with chronogram dates, and they were of German print and
of no special interest, a very large proportion of the whole being

* The reader's attention is particularly called to the books by Jesuit authors, in the
group which follows next after this one, at page 298.

DATE OF BOOKS. 285

of English print, and of the period which may be called chrono-
grammatic

It is not too late for English authors and printers to adopt old
conceits and numerical mottoes to vary the monotony of modem
title-pages. The present volume is an attempt in that direction ; the
title-page on either side, as well as the colophon, contain the composi-
tions of my friends J. T. M. and C. W. W., and (I venture to add)
they show successfully how a book may be adorned and improved
by the introduction of chronograms, and much more will be seen
in what follows.

The first example is an entire title in chronogram ; the commence-
ment is to be read in plain words thus —

' Chronologia sacra ex clans sententiis, solis textibus divini codicis.'
Augsburg, 1801, no author's name. This book is mentioned in
Kayser, * Index librorum ;' and in Graesse, ' Tr^r de livres rares
et pr^cieux.' The tide is thus printed in chronogram, thrice repeating
the year of publication —

ChronoLogIa saCra eXCerpta eX CLarIs sententIIs soLIs
teXtIbVs DIVInI CoDICIs. = 1801

assIgnans VarIas serIes, annVa spatIa, obVIas teXtVras,
annosqVe InItos saeCVLI DeCIMI nonI. = 1801

serVIens DIVersIs oCCasIonIbVs, InsCrIptIonIbVs
ConCIonIbVs, operIbVs VeL pVbLICIs VeL prIVatIs pro
CVIVsCVnqVe seV genIo seV IngenIo aC pLaCIto. = 1801

i,e. Sacred chronology chosen from conspicuous sentences^ in single texts cf
the Holy Volume^ marking various series^ annual periods y ohnous con-
structionsy and years at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Serving
for divers occasions^ inscriptions^ preachings^ and works^ both public atul
private^ of any sort^ whether for good taste^ or for wit and pleasantry.

A notification of this book has also been sent to me by Dr. A.
Goldlin de Tiefenau of the Imperial Library at Vienna. He says, ' Je
n'ai jamais pu voir ce livre singulier et trbs-rare. II en est fait men-
tion dans le Bulletin du bibliophile public par J. Techner xii"?* s^rie,
1856, p. 591, oil vous trouverez une description de rouviage.' On
reference to that work, I find some further remarks on the curious
features of the book ; the writer says, ' Very rare. This sacred chro-
nolo^ is one of the most singular books that have been composed in
the nmeteenth century ; you recognise there the German patience and
tenacity ; what time must have been lost in submitting ten thousand
verses of Holy Scripture to so bizarre a transformation 1 However,
the reader ought to think himself happy that the wars of the period,
and the expenses of printing, have compelled the author to put forth
two thousand five hundred verses instead of the ten thousand which
he had prepared. Each year of the nineteenth century, inscribed in

286 DATE OF BOOKS.

small capitals, is accompanied by twenty-five versesi forming twenty-
five numerical anagrams ^ of the year under which they are placed.
The title of the book, divided into three paragraphs, furnishes
three numerical anagrams^ of the year 1801. To what use can this
volume be put ? What is the end the author proposes ? We reply to
these questions by referring to the last paragraph of the title, which
seems to say, '' My friend, make whatever use you please of this collec-
tion." Some persons, profiting by the right thus conceded to them
by the author, have perceived in this '' chronologia sacra" a series
of prophecies I At this hypothesis we smile.'

I cannot trace a copy of this rare book in the catalogues of either
the British Museum or the Bodleian Libraries.

X he two following are in the ' Bagford ' collection of title-pages
before referred to.

A leaf of a small book bears an engraved dedication without any
other date, ' Serenissimse regiae ac egregise Dominae Claras Eu^eniae
Isabellae Infanti Hispanianim Belgarum Burgundiorum, etc, Prmcipi
Opt Max. Magdalena Passaea Crispini Filia Caslatrix Colonial, Dedic :
Anno

six tIbI VIta DoMIna IsabeLLa.' = 161 1

A congratulation on the marriage of Gabriel, a prince of the Roman
empire, etc etc, with Catharine, a princess of Brandenburg, etc etc,
published at Francfurt, is dated. Anno
Vera Corona sVo est VXor Donata MarIto. Prov. xiL 3. = i6a6

A book printed at Helmstadt in 1703, with this title —

eCho In MeDICIna. = 1703

Continentur eo scita qua&dam apophthegmata singula, anni 1703
numerum referentia ; et ita quidem ut, quae ab hac paginas parte corn-
parent, sint ut inscriptio superius apposita indicant,

MeDICIna, CorporIs; s= 1703

quae ab ilia, MeDICIna peCtorIs. Prima ex iis 5= 1703

ilia sunt; Caro et panIs est MeDICIna prosano; ss 1703

e regione : CharItas est MeDICIna pro bono; ss 1703

Penultima ista : InteMperantIa Certos parIt DoLores-pLores ! ss 1 703

e regione : teMperantIa LenIt et toLIJt DoLores ores ! = 1703

ultima verb haec : ergo ne Ipse MeDICo traCterIs : = 1 703

e regione; MoDICe te Ipse traCtabIs. = 1703

These ' shrewd maxims ' aU give the date of publication.

A book on geography, published at Agram (Zagrab) in Croatia,
17 14, has this title, which gives also the date of publication (thrice,
as here divided by bars)—

1 Probably meaning ' chronograms ; ' the paragraphs of the title are ctrtainly not
anagrams.

DATE OF BOOKS. 287

Ob
VeterIs et noVae geographIae CoMpenDIosa CongerIes ||= 17 14
(SEU,) CoMpenDIosa eXposItIo geographICa || eVropae, asIae,= 1714
afrICae, aMerICaeqVe tIpo Data || dum in almo Societatis== 17 14
Jesu, Gymnasio Zagrabiensi, etc., perdoctus Dn : Nicolaus Merzliak
Croata Libnicensis, Preside K P. Jacobo Pfiaczevich e. Soc. Jesu
editutn.^

i.e. A compendium of ancient and modem geography^ otherwise a concise
geographiccU eo^sition of Europe^ Asia^ Afria^ and America^ given in
printy etc. etc.

A small book (editio princeps et rara), ' Viridarium Lusitanum '
(British Museum, press-mark 450. a. 31), (describing the medicinal
qualities of the different trees and plants growing in the neighbour-
hood of Lisbon and the river Tagus), by Gabriel Grisley, has its
date indicated at the foot of the title-page ^ by this hexameter line —
ANNOSAS stIrpes panChrestVs Lege MeDetVr s= 161 1

i.e. The sovereign remedy heals aged trunks {fir persons) by its law {or
power).

A Book, ' De anulorum origine,' etc. (British Museum, press-mark
787. h. 18), published at Leipzig, * Recensente Henrico Kitschio,' is
thus dated, 'Anno serse Christinas' —
anVLos pretIosos aMorIs LVDIbrIa reor. ^ = 1614

The dedication is to several members of a distinguished family,
* ex antiquissima Beringorum stirpe,' and it ends thus, ' Devotissim^
nuncupat et paratissim^ ofTert author chronogrizans.'
annI InItIVM FAVsrk proCeDat opto. = 1614

i>. In the year of the Christian era (16 14) /suppose precious rings
to be the playthings of love. — The chronogrizing author most devotedly
mentions by name^ and most readily presents this^ J pray that the begin-
ing of the year may proceed auspiciously.

There is no pagination throughout the book; on leaf 13 there are
some curious Latin verses, commencing —

VInCIt tanDeM Veritas. = 16 13

i.e. Truth cU length conquers.

A tract in British Museum, 7 19, g. 27. ' Magia arcana Celestis, sive
Cabalisticus novus — De Gog et Magog — ^per Joannem Faulhaberum,
Nuremberg. Anno reparatse per Christum salutis, mdcxiii.' It
contains a long folding table of mystical figures and letters, intituled,
' Tabula magia, etc. etc.^ Anno redemptionis Christi salutifer»

VerItatIs tanDeM erIt VICtorIa.' = 161 5

i.e. At length wiU be the victory of truth. (It is also dated '1615 '). It
seems to be an attempt to foretell, by the rule of magic, coming events,
probably those which culminated in the Thirty Yeats' War.

^ I cannot find this book in the British Museum Library.

* This British Museum copy has the signature ' Jos. Banks ' at the back of the title-page.

288 DATE OF BOOKS.

A book IS mentioned in * Nova Literaria Germaniae,' Hamburg,
vol for 1705, and described as a book of prayers used by those who
acknowledged the Augsburg Confession ; that it was known in Austria
is shown by a copperplate engraving on the back of the title-page
representing Daniel Hitzler, with an inscription by him^ and this
chronogram —

hmC pVIt hIzLero faCIes, qVa terqVe qVaterqVe
sVeVICa ConspeXIt, qVa aVstrIa LVstra seMeL* = 1616

Signatum Linzi, 12 Julii 16 19.

le. This was the countenance of Hizler^ with which he beheld the Baltic
Sea three or four times and Austria once \f\ Signified at Linz [in
Austria]^ 12th July 1619. The date of the book is given as 1617.
I am unable to find a copy of it

]N orbert de St Julienne of Brussels and Malines wrote and
published works with these titles —

beLgICA paCe restItVtA sVb aVspICIIs MarIa theresI/e
aVstrIaCa HVNGARliE regIna, CaroLIqVe LotharI Db
gVbernatorIs generaLIs. Antwerp, 1749. = 1749

ue. The Belgian peace restored under the auspices of Maria Theresa^
the Quern cf Austrian Hungary ^ and of Charles Lorraine the governor-
general. 2>^

Labores MsrCeDe CoronatI injubilseo = 1751

R. P. Romani k sancti Elisabethd, £xprovincialis provincise Flandro-
Belgicae. Antwerp, 1751. (In hexameter verse.)
i,e. Labours crowned with reward^ on the occasion of a jubilee^ etc.

JN icolas Thomae of Aresdorff, a village in Luxembourg, wrote and
published works with these titles — Db

M.DCCIX. quo anno Galli caesi, LILICIDIVM,^ chionicum; seu = 1709
Eugenii Principis Victoria; Carmen Epicum. Coloniae, 1709.

aCaDeMIa InCarnatI VerbI aperta. Ratisbonae, 1709. = 1709

arChIDVCVM fata; seu Vaticinium Europae sub Carlo in. = 17 11
Hispaniarum rege. Coloniae, 17 11.

tVrCICIDIVM orIentIs phosphorI. Ratisbon, 171 6. = 1716

DILVCVLVM Orientis Solis Austriaci. Ratisbon, 1716. = 17 16

(On the birth of the Archduke, the son of the Emperor Charles vi.)

^ This word occurs on a medal. See Index.

DATE OF BOOKS--P. KIRSTENVS. 289

Albert Ignace d'Hanins, poet, wrote and published the following
works : —

Epithalamium to Charles 11. of Spain and Maiy of Neuburg, with
this chronogram — Dh

ConnVbIVM feLDC parIter DonetVr VtrIqVe. = 1689

i>. A happy marriage shall be given equally to both.

Another on the marriage of Maximilian Emanuel, Count-Palatine,
and Theresa, daughter of Prince John Sobieski of Poland, with this
date —

ConIVgIVM VotIs feLIX DonetVr VtrIqVe. = 1695

ue. A happy marriage shall be given by vows to both.

And a work with this title, which expresses also the date; it
relates to the peace between Charles 11. of Spain and Louis xiv. of
France —

eXpVLso belli IVgo, paX MVnDo eXorta, etc. eta = 1697

i,e. The yoke of war being removed^ peace has sprung up in the world.

l^ubert Hautschilt of Bruges, an ecclesiastic of high rank, died in
141 7. He wrote and left a manuscript on parchment, ' Prediction des
malheurs de la Flandre,' illustrated by a drawing of a woman, the
symbol of the province, having the letter G on her forehead, and at
her four extremities the letters Y • B . I • D, meaning the towns of
Ghent, Ypres, Bruges, Insula or Lille, and Douay ; many inscriptions
in < bad verse ' accompany the figure, and among them is the following
Leonine hexameter chronogram — Db

forMa CeCas CLaVIs, hInC bona sVrget aVIs. = 1468

Hostibus introitus hse villse sunt prohibentes :
Sed nequeunt fort^, majorem traditione.

Another verse follows, with an explanation —
GYB fiet ex GYBiD, chm deca decas ibit.
Meaning that in one hundred years the towns of Lille and Douay
would separate from Flanders, which they say was fulfilled in 1568
by the civil war, when they joined themselves to the provinces of
Artois and Hainault (This is quoted from the work indicated in the
* Bibliography' by the mark Db.) It is sdso to be seen in a work by
Beaucourt de Noortvelde, noticed at page 215 of this volume.

Several books by Petrus Kirstenus, doctor of philosophy and
medicine, rector of die University of Breslau, aro dated by chrono-
grams only j these have come under my notice (I give the leading
words of the title-pages) —
* Vitae Evangelistorum quatuor,' etc., anno, MeDICI VerI. = 1608

In the same volume is included an Arabic grammar, dated
anno, DoMIne ChrIste VenI. = ^1608

2 o

290 DATE OF BOOKS— P. KIRSTENUS.

Also twelve pages ' Tria specimina charactenim Arabicorum,' dated

ANNO, GERManI ARABliE STVDIa CaPTENT. = 1608

i.e. In they ear y of a true physician, — In the year, Come^ O Lord Christ,
— In they ear y may the Germans take to the studies of Arabia.

* Not« in evangelium S. Matthai/ dated

ANNO In QVO NOTiE hIsTORLE SANCtI MATTHiEl EDIXiE. = 1611

ie. In the year when the notes of the history of Saint Matthew were put
forth.

* Epistolae S. Judae,' dated,

ANNO, IMpRESSIs BRESLufi hIs NOTIS EPiSTOLiE IVDiE. = 161I

i.e. These notes of the Epistle ofjude beir^ printed at Breslau in the year
(1611).

'Decas sacra canticorum et canninum Arabicorum, etc., dated,
ORTA X TE nobIs serVes IDIoMata ChrIste. = 1609

Le. Mayest thou, O Christ, preserve to us the idioms (or peculiarities of
language) which have sprung from thee.

* Liber de vero usu et abusu medicinse,' dated

ANNO EST MeA CVraDeVs. = 161O

* Orationes Duae,' etc., has the date 1610 on the title-page ; it con-
tains the orations delivered by Kirstenus on the 5th August, as rector
of the University at Breslau, and several sets of congratulatory verses
in Latin and Greek addressed to him ; the fourth of them com-
mences—

Doctor Petrus Kirsteinius

Anagrammatismus

Sit : curet pueros doctrinis.

Sic Vratislaviae dispensans jura senatus

Inspirante Deo pectora laetus ait ;
Sit : curet pueros Doctor Kirsteinius aptis
Doctrinis ; fructum muldjugemque ferat
Annus Rectoratus MItIs DoCtor kIrsteInI Vs. = 1610
Another congratulation, on the seventh page from the end of the
book, is dated thus- chronodistichon.

tVnC, LVX aVgVstI sI qVInta est fVLserat orbI,
teCta noWs reCtor gaVDet aDIre sCnoLiE. = 1610

i.e. Then, the day if it was on the ^th of August, shone on the world, the
new rector rejoices to approach the house of the university.

A. small book, Historia bibliothecss reip : Noribergensis. Authore
J. Sauberto. Nuremberg, 1643. i^*** (British Museum, press-mark
619. a. 12.) The dedication, addressed to a friend, concludes with
these complimentary verses, which express also the date —
LiETA paCe VIrI ConsVLta IehoVa gVbernet,

qVI paCeM CVnCtIs optat In orbe VIrIs. = 1643

i.e. May Jehovah guide by joyful peace the undertakings of the man who
wishe^peace to all men in the world /

DATE OF BOOKS. 291

A book, 'Georgii Fabricii Chemnicensis Renim Germanise magnse
et Saxonise — libri duo — k Jacobo Fabricio — 1609,' folio (British
Museum, press-mark 9365. f ). At page 314 occurs a passage allud-
ing to certain metallic veins, with an allusion to religious felicity
dwelling in the region, put in the form ol a chronogram, followed by
an extract from the Latin poet Ovid, pointing out the uncertainty of
mining operations, a truth which indeed nobody in these days can
deny ; each chronogram gives the date of the birth of the writer of
the book. This is the entire sentence —

•Venae metallicae in valle loachimici C; Schilliecorum florere inci-
piunt, juxta illud tritum dictum, quo numerus annorum continetur ;
eCCe fLorent VaLLes CVM eVangeLIc' = 15 16

ue. Behold the valleys flourish with the gospel,

*Eodem anno Georgius Fabricius, historicus Saxonus Chemnicii
nasdtur, quem annum hoc hemistichon continet, nVsqVaM tVta
fIDes.' = 15 16

i.e. Their security was never to he depended on (scil. the mines.)

A book, folio, 'Georgii Fabricii Chemnicensis. Saxoniae illus-
tratae libri novem. Leipsic, 1606.' Edited by his son, Jacobus
Fabricius. The dedication, addressed to a whole pageful of dis-
tinguished men, is thus dated, Fegaviae, Cal. Septembris, anno
natI ChrIstI DoMInI nostrI. = 1606

The title-page of * libri duo posteriores,' in the same volume, is thus
dated with the year of the world according to a system of chronology
not mentioned, and the year (Anno Domini) of printing the book —
ANNO .orbIs terrarVM, ab IMMenso et ter optIMo Deo,
neCnon CVnCtIpotente ConDItore, k nIhILo CreatI, = 5568
ET natI ChrIstI DoMInI nostrI. = 1606

i.e. In the year of the worlds created out of nothing by the infinite and
infinitely good God^ also the omnipotent founder, and of his Son Jesus
Christ our Lord.

A. volume of • miscellaneous theological tracts' in the Lambeth
Palace Library (78. c. 16). One of them, 'Disputatio theologica de
luce primigenia,' between J. Meisner and Georgius Meier, on 20th
March 1662, has this line at the end to mark the subject, and to give
the date—

Tantum!
Deo prIMIgenIa LVCIs patrI et satorI sIt honor ! = 1662

i.e. Only let honour de to God the Father and Creator of primaval
light.

A book in the Lambeth Palace Library, • Sanctissimi patris Fran-
cisci Ordinis Minorum fundatoris genealogia,' by F. A de Witte,
genealogist: Brussels, 1627 (18. b. 10. folio). This chronogram,
addressed to the author, is on the last page —
Magna DoCes; eX Vno te, noVa VIta beatIs. = 1627

292 DATE OF BOOKS— MANUSCRIPT.

A collection of Elegiac poems addressed to various people
(British Museum, press-mark 11403, aa.). The title is, 'Bartolomsi
Bilovii curarum Libri v.* — Elbingae, anno LIberatorIs fIDeLIVM. = 1 609

A Latin elegy is dated, Ex arce Regiomontani xi. Novemb.
ChrIstI MeDIatorIs. =: 1604

Another, Ex arce Intrepolitan^ 20 Aug. anno ChrIstI MeDIatorIs
nostrI. = 1605

Another, Tapiaviae 13 Dec. ChrIstVs reDbMptIo orbIs. = 1608

Another, Ex arce Tapaviensi 5 Januar. anno regnantIs VERiE
MIserICorDLe. = 1609

Another, Vanniae 19 Novemb. stilo novo anno reDeMtIonIs
ChrIstI ANiE. s= 1604

And another, Intrepoli 3 Junii ipso die obitus, anno ChrIstI pII
MeDIatorIs nostrL = 1607

i3ritish Museum Manuscript, No. 22961. A volume (tf original
letters of Dutch and German divines addressed to S. Lubbertus, a
Professor at the University of Franecker, in Holland. One of them
from a student, B. Lydius, contains some chronograms towards the
end, and they are mingled with the text thus —

' Vorstianorum DVCIMVr, expressit mihi insomnem noctems 161 1
agenti hunc versum spondiacum, in qua ecclesiae HoUandicas alio-
quuntur Vorstium, intrantem ut vulpem —

seDVCesne gregeM VenIes? || nos CUstoDIMUr. i^ ^^"

I =s 1611

In quo h duplex numerale, quale etiam exculpitur ex verbis.

VenIt seDVCens GfeEGEM et verbis s= 161 1

CUstoDIaM Vos. Vide melancholias meas, quas tuae declani-=s 161 1

tiones causa et ut videas transmitto, etc etc — Dordraicii Ao. 161 1.

Novemb. 17.'

The student seems to have worried himself throughout a sleepless

night about some religious disputes, and in making chronograms

thereon to signify one particular date.

In a book (British Museum, press-mark 837. h. 6) is a tract,
* Gulielmi Rolandi Palingenii, Vigomiensis Angli poematum Liber : '
Paris, 1650, mostly on religious controversial subjects, and containing
verses on the death of David Camerarius, a learned Calvinist
theologian in Scotland, who died at the age of 114, anno Domini —
Vm MIhI nIsI eVangeLIzaVero LaVDes IesV eXpIrantIs In
transversa arbors. I Cor. 9. 16 and i. 23 (st^), ss 1649

/./• Alas me / unless I shall have preached the praises of Christ
dying an the cross. There is a marginal reference to Rev. xviii.
V. 2, 3i 7i 8, 9.

DATE OF BOOKS. 293

A very curious book (British Museum, press-mark 837. h. 45),
quattOy 16 pages only, ' Lusus Anagrammatico-poeticus in honorem,
etc./ by J. H. Zemik. It is full of anagrams on the names of the
author's friends, of illustrious people, and places. The title-page is
thas dated —
Anno, in quo suspiramus: non DeLeCtabILe teMpVs. = 1706

Ex iterata editione
Livori nihil hie, sed honori, quicquid Amori I

Published * Thoninii * {ue, at Thom^ in Prussia).

At the last page is a series of anagrams on the name of this place,
commencing thus, ' Thorunicensis civitatis variationes desumptas ex
Fatis Anni mdcciii. quo toties dulcis haec patria ingemuit, CastIganDo
CastIgastI Me ! sistimus sequentibua' = 1703

The titles of books, communicated by Dr. Alfred Goldlin von
Tiefenau, scriptor der K.-K. Hofbibliothek, Vienna.

A book bearing this title, which also gives its date —
herCVLes Contra DVos, seV sanCtVs LaDIsLaVs pannonIae
reX bInIs apostoLICI regnI et aVItae reLIgIonIs
InVasorIbVs sVperIor — in principe D. Steph: Protom: Basilica. = 171 9
— Panegyrico celebratus, etc etc. Deferente Mathia Daniele Miiller
oratore Joan. Georgio Haan Austriaco. Viennae. Typ. Ign. Domin.
Voigt. fo. pp. 5.

Another book —
' VInCVLa seXCentIs (eheV I) gerIt aMpLIVs horIs

OB saCrae LargVs reLLIgIonIs opVs.' ... = ^S9^

Explanation — Nicolas Largus, a Lutheran theologian, imprisoned on
account of his religion in 1598, composed the poem during his
captivity, and it was printed at Wittemberg in quarto in 1599, under
the title Aco-fton^/jia, with the above chronogram.

Another book, on the noble art of book-printing, ' Augsburgische
Kinder reden von der edlen Buchdrucker Kunst ' (on the occasion of
a printer's jubilee), by Andreas Gra£ Augsburg, 1740. 8°. The
dedication is preceded by this chronogram —
aVgVstIssIMo VrbIs aVgVstae proteCtore Deo, patrIbVs
PATRIAE gratIosIs artI faVentIbVs, fLoreant, VIreant,
VIgeantqVe typographI aVgVstanI VnIVersI. = 1740

i.e. The whole of the printers of Augsburg present this to the most august
God^ the protector of the city of Augsburg ; and to the fathers of the
country graciously encouraging the art of printings may they flourish^
may th^ be strong and vigorous. [Observe the play on the words
augustissimOj auguste, and Augustani.}

Another book, on the same subject, ' Kurtze Nachricht,' etc, of
the three hundredth jubilee year of the invention of printing, celebrated
at Gotha> nth July 1740, contains these chronograms —

2^4

DATE OF BOOKS— ON PRINTING.

typographIa ars oMnIbVs saLVtarIs, fLorVIt eX Voto, aC
PORRO DVrabIt. = 1740

reyherVs, nobIs DIVIna qVI arte typorVM

profVIt, Vt LaetVs fLoreat, opto, preCor. = 1740

i,e. The art of printings beneficial to all men, hasfiaurished according to
its promise, and will henceforth endure,

Reyher, who benefited us by the divine art of printing, I wish and pray
that he may continue to be distinguished {Andrew Reyher, the rector
of three universities, wets the first printer at Gotha,)

Another small book on the same subject, intituled, ' Das Gottes
Giitigkeit das dritte Jubelfeste der kunst Buchdnickerei/ etc. etc. (the
author being H. G. Zunkel), is adorned with engravings and chrono-
grams here mentioned —

ILLo eXIstente

CLarVItqVe

reIpVbLICae

Ifere is the
portrait

Jacobus de

Goudc^

the first printer

at Ratisbon.

prIMo fLorVIt
typographIa
ratIsbonensIs. =

1490

i,e. lie coming forth, flourished and became distinguished in the art of
printing in the republic of Ratisbon.

nVnC

tVa eX InVentIone

artIs typographICae CVLtores

ratIsbonenses

seMper

fLorebVnt = 1440

Le. Now by thine own inven-
tion the inhabitants of RaHsbon
will always prosper.

In LaVDeM
IoannIs gVttenbergII

InVentorIs
artIs typographICae

eIVs tertII IVbILaeI
= 1740

ue. In praise of John Guttenberg,
the inventor of the art of printing;
and of his third jubilee.

Portrait

<>f

John
Guttenberg,

A book, the history of German monasteries, by G. Brusch, is
dedicated to the Archduke of Austria by a long Latin poem, each line
commencing with a word having for its initial letter the same as those
required in succession to spell lus names, Josephus, JacobuS; Ignatius,
Johannes, Antonius, Eustachius, Augusti Caesaris proles. The last
four lines are the following, and their initial letters are part of the
word * proles ' —

DATE OF BOOKS. 295

O Dominus Dominiimy rex regum, crescere regem

Long^ setate jube nostrum, fac Oesaris arma

H cunctis fausta, ut pereant hostilia ! Perstet !

Stet gens aVstrIa DVM Vegeta et per saCVLa VIVat I = 1682
U€, O Lord of Lords, O King of Kings^ grant that our king may live a
long life, make the arms of Ccesar prosperous in all things, so that
hostility may perish. May he endure. May the Austrian race flourish
and may it live for ever.

A. book, 'Plausus SymboUcus,' with very curious engravings,
printed at Ingolstadt by the Society of Jesuits, 1623 (Lambeth
Palace Library, c. 20. 17), is dedicated to Maximilian the Great, Duke
and first Elector of Bavaria, at the back of the title-page in large
letters, thus —

boIorVM

D V C I

V I TA

FORT V N A.- .«.

le. To the Duke of Bavaria be life and prosperity.

A book, * Epinicia ob ingressum in urbem et castellum Guelpher-
bythum,* the author. Doctor Gosky, thus concludes the dedication —
gLorIa In nVbIbVs Deo, paX sIt In terrIs hoMInIbVs bona
VoLVntas. = 1643

i.e. Glory to God in the clouds {heaven), may peace be upon earth, and
good-will among men. ______

Sl Francis de Sales,^ Bishop of Geneva 1602 to 1622, is eulogised
thus in a copy of his book (according to ' Notes and Queries '), * Intro-
ductio ad Vitam devotam : Lovanii, 1668,' each line indicating that
year — ^^___

1 Bom at the castle of Sales, in Savoy, on 21st August 1567. Died 28th December 1622.

/= i668

296 DATE OF BOOK&^ST. FRANCIS.

1. Dk saLes saLes orbIs LVMen VnIVersI.

2. saLesIVs, Vt soL Vrens, In teMpLo DeL

3. aMore IesV InCensVs, arDet saLesIVs.

4. orbI saLesIVs faX est et DuCtor aMorIs.

5. tVba DeI, aC norMa VIta saLesIVs. ^each line

6. aD IesVM VoCans PRfisIx saLesIVs.

7. pIos ManV DVCIt saLesIVs.

8. VIt^ pVrItateM DoCet saLesIVs.

9. sVaVIter DoCens trahIt oMnes saLesIVs.
10. ViR DVLCIssIMVs.
i>. I. De Saies^ the wit^ the light of the whole world.

2. Sales^ as a burning sun in the temple of God.

3. Sales bumsy inflamed with the love of Jesus.

4. SeUes is a torch to the world and the leader of lave.

5. ScUes is the trumpet of God^ and the rule of life.

6. Let Sales rule^ calling to Jesus.

7. Scdes leads the pious by the hand.

8. Sales teaches purity of life.

9. Sales sweetly teaching attracts aU.
10. A most delightful man.

i he title of a rare political brochure on the peace of Prague in
1636, in the Palatine (Imperial) Library at Vienna, sent to me by Dr.
Alfred Goldlin von Tiefenau, 'Vindiciae secundum libertatem Ger-
manise contra pacificationem Pragensem ;' it goes on thus by transla-
tion,— * This is the preservation of the old German freedom against
the shameful and disgraceful discord of the peace of Prague, thus
a feithftd Saxon patnot is put forth in print; answered through
a loyal German patriot. Composed at the conclusion of the
year'
aLs Vnser herr ChVrfVrst zV saChsen aVs MeCkLenbVrg

GEGEN HAVeLbERCh fLoHE. r= 1 635

i.e. When our lordy the Elector of Saxony^ fled out of Mecklenburg
towards Havelburg. — * But now given in print in the year^
Da ChVrfVrstLIChe DVrChLaVChtIgkeIt beI WItstoCk
stosse krIegte. = 1636

i.e. When His Serene Highness the Elector carried on the war at
Witstock.

Another, in the same library, the title is thus by translation, *The
true-hearted and well-meant exhortation of an old German Lands-
knecht on the need and present danger of the universally beloved
fatherland much afflicted. Printed in the year'
Da Das reICht nVn In haVffen geWorffen; zV frIeDb
Ibtzt geneIget War. = 1640

i.e. When the kingdom^ now thrown into coftfusum^ was yet inclined for
peace.

DATE OF BOOKS. 297

A tract, *Dissertatio juris publici de Turbatis S. R. Imperii
CirculiSy auctore Ernesto de Sommerield prodiit Subnexa sunt
gratulationes amicorum votivae, quas inter eteostichon Rud: Frid:
Schlutt, consiliarii Hasso-Darmstad isthoc habetur' —
CIrCVLI o imperii, Vos rVrsVs Vt VnIo IVngat

ConCors, sat tVrbans Cessett erIsqVe, preCor. = 1703

ue. O Circles of the empire, thai union may again unite you^ etc. etc,
{obscure).

Extracted from 'Nova Literaria Germanise ' for 1703, p. 269.

A. tract (British Museum, press-mark 1 1555.ee. i. No. 7) is intituled,
'Epigrammata sexaginta in laudem Pii Septimi, pontificis Maximi,
etc,* by J. A. F. Pauwels. Published at Antwerp, and thus dated —
pontIfICIs pII VII ConstantIaM PRiEDICATE. = 18 14

The epigrams conclude at page 15 with this line, and the tract has
no date in figures —
pIUs septIMUs beneDICtIone CresCat. = 18 14

In the same volume with the foregoing is a tract, ' De schoole van
zeden-leer, etc etc.,' by J. A. F. Pauwels (on the subject of St John
the Evangelist). Published at Antwerp, and dated —
AMICUS DeI CharUs InVoCantI. = 181 9

It contains about forty pages of poetry in the Flemish language,
but no other chronogram.

A tract (British Museum, press-mark 837. m. 1-18). The title-
page begins, 'Parnassus augustianus applaudens admodum —
reverendo— Joanni Schweitzer* (on the coi^erring of an university
degree)— LaVreA DoCtorVM. = 1660

etc, etc. etc.

Anno

saLVtIfero ChrIstI DoMInI. = 1660

[Printed at Cologne, 1660, folio.]

Apollo exhorts the nine muses to speak in praise of the Laureate

Doctor. This is done in ten Latin poems, in various metre. At the

end is this Chronostichon

Mensis — et — Annu
TE DoCtoraLI LaVrV VeLaVIt apoLLo \ ^ tm

spLenDVIt Vt pVLChro taVrVs In aXe poLI. / "" '^^°
Ita eXIMIo regentI atqVe InaVgVrato DoCtorI I _ ,^
IWentVtIs aVgVstIanI. / - '^^®

MuscB acdnebant

QtUB

Vt MagIstraLIs aDorea eI profICIat = 1660

unanimiter precantur.
2 p

BOOKS BY JESUIT AUTHORS. WITH
CHRONOGRAM DATES.

HE Jesuits were great chronogram makers, especially
those who were established in the Netherlands and in
Germany. The following is a list of some^ of their
works with chronogram title-pages or mottoes, extracted
from that great work of reference, ' Biblioth^que des
ecrivains de la compagnie de Jesus,' by Augustin De Backer,* which
gives, in about seven thousand closely printed columns, a catalogue
of works by learned and eminent members of the 'Society of Jesus ;*
not exhaustive, however, for some of the works issued by Jesuit
Colleges, which have afforded extremely curious matter for this
present volume, are not mentioned in the work now quoted. The
list is a valuable guide to books or tracts which are likely to contain
more chronograms than those which appear on the title-pages f and I
regret that I cannot offer more than the suggestion, not having seen
any one of them, or been able to trace them in the catalogues of the
British Museum Library.* The titles here given are more or less
abbreviated. The authors' names follow alphabetically, or, if a work is
anonymous, the place of publication is mentioned in the same order.

AIX'LA-CHAPELLE, published at.

Marcus et Marcellianus fratres nobiles Romani Martyrio affecti a

1 Many others will be found by reference to the index ' Franconia.'

• The edition, 3 vols, folio. Paris, 1869.

• Particularly those published at Bamberg, Mayence, and Wiirzburff.

• I do not allude here to many of the Netherlands pageants whi(£ were composed by
Jesuit writers, noticed at a later part of this volume.

DA TES OF BOOKS--JESUIT A UTHORS. 299

Fabiano Praetore sub Diocletiano Imperatore, etc (folio) — Chrono-
graphicum, perpetVo noMen stVDIo prensare IWentVs, qViE
pr^eVnt fVLVI sIgna LeonIs habes. =^ 1650

Aliud: nonne Coronato Maneant Dona Leone. = 1650

LaciypQae Conjugales et parentales symbolis adambratae, in funere
Celsissimi Frincipis Salmensis, Godefridae Maris Annae Ignatiae,
e quinario Carissimorum fonte pie manantes, moerentium totidem
cordium indices,

ab aMore et DoLore eXeqVIIs SACRATiE, = 1667

a coUegio Soc. Jesu Aquisgranensi, etc. etc., folio.

Tolluntur in altum ut lapsu graviori ruant Horat. Ludus ambitionis
sen Antoninus Caracalla, sanguinaria tyrannide infelix Imperator. — In
solemni praemiorum distributione anno 1687, votum juventutis ad
Praemiatorem Integer aC sanVs feLIX, hILarIsqVe DeCanVs
LVCeat orbe soLI, sCanDat In astra poLL = 1687

ANVERS (ANTWERP), published at.

Klaegende dicht over het onverwacht en schriekelyck verbranden
van den overschoonen en vennaerden tempel Godts van het Huys
der Professen van der Societeyt Jesu, binnen Antwerpen den 18 Juli
Door t* sneL bLIXeM-VIer gesChIet, = 1708

T Antwerpen — by J. P. Robyns, 4°, no date in figures.

Another book by the Jesuits, with a Flemish title, is dated at the
end, opgeDragen UYt sUYVere genegentheYt DoorUWen
broeDer Ioannes franCIsCVs. = 1743

On the title-page the date 31st July 1743 is mentioned.

LIefD'-en-zIeL Verbont Van JoVffroV theresIa beeCkMans
IesUs brUYt haer vereenighende met haeren Bruydegom, in = 1737
't H. Sacrament, etc. etc. (In the Professions-house of the Jesuits at
Antwerp, 27 th June 1737.)

BARTOLTy Jacques, of Lithuania.

Corona decennii explicationi Theologiae moralis utriusque lectionis
impensi, seu practica ratio agendi in arcano colloquio Confessarii
docti et Doctoris cum pcenitente, presertim nidi, etc. etc. Anno
Domini quo Mores DoCeas Corona noXas eXtVrbat ratIone.
8^, pp. 322. = 1726

BAMBERG, published at.

Pallas Ottoniana, sive Sapientia Domus — Frincipis episcopi
Bambergensis — ^academiae fundatoris, etc Die i""" mensis Septembris
CVM babebergIaCIs prInCeps In fasCIbVs eXpLesset seXtI
soLe abeVnte vices. Folio (no date in figures). = 1647

BELGIQUE, published at.

Serenissimi Frincipis Marias Elizabethae Archiduci Belgii Austriaci
gubematrici — Bruxellas solenniter ingredient! Gratulabunda Frovincia
Flandro-Belgica Societatis Jesu, etc., and thus dated at the end —

brVXeLLaM IngreDIentI soCIetas IesV. = 1725

300 DA TES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS.

BERCHMANSy Jean, of Malines. Two works by him in the
Flemish language are thus dated —

JUICht beLgen, Joannes berChMans IszaLIg VerkLaarD. = 1865
Posthumously published, 'II morut saintement 15 Aug. 1624.'

BERGy Hyacinthe. Examen laterculi Jacobi Gothofredi Indie-
tionum xxiv edit Coloniae, 1 744, 4'. Contre les pr^dents ; Neller
r^pondit encore k cet Examen par un dernier Exercitium juridicum,
Augustae Trevirorum, 1744. 4'.

tVrpe LVgVbre neLLerICIDIVM, = 1773

sive Nellerus in Concilio Musarum profligatus, Coloniae, 1773.

BISCHOFF^ Engelbert, an eminent man, tutor to the Arch-
duchesses.

Laureatus Mars Austriacus. Grsecii (Gratz), 1 686, (no chronogram).

Entheatus Triumphi Austrise dies, anno quo CiESAR In fILIo,
VIENNA In gaVDIIs trIVMphos egIt VtrIVsqVe. = 1690

(No other date.)

Regium Majestatis et Amoris epithalamium, etc. etc. (on the recent
marriage of the Emperor Joseph i. with Wilhelmina Amalia of
Hannover), Anno quo acclamare libet et licet : VIVant aVgVstI
IosephVs aMaLIa sponsI Inter proLIferos, aVrIfVLVosqVe
DIes. (No other date.) = 1704

GenethliacoD, Anno quo Archiducale hoc genethliacon LeopoLDo
DeDICo. (No other date). = 1701

BRUXELLESy published at

Mera DeLIratIo IesVItaLIs, eene II Tragi-comedie = 16 10
geintituleerd den salighen Ignatius de Loyola, oft Anti-Luther, etc
(See Coster, infra.)

CALLENBERG, Caspar. Divus Stanislaus Kotska s. j. Variis
iconismis depictus inscriptus chronica ilia e Statio epigraphe :^ Ipse
oLIM In terrIs : CceLo VestIgIa DVrant. Authore quodam = 1716
e Societate Jesu Sacerdote: per secuturse apotheosis prodromum,
Hagiophilo Philomuso oblatus. Anno ereCta VnIVersItatIs
paDIbgrnensIs CentesIMo. Neuhausii — 17 16. = 17 16

CASSOVIA {pr KASCHAU), a Jesuit College in Hungary,
founded by Ferdinand 11.

Columnse Herculis christiani amplius et satis. — (Or the reverses
and prosperings of F. Xavier the apostle of the Indies, published by
the above-named college.) septIMo IDVs IVLII ConferVntVr= 1675
neo-baccalaureis. Impressum Cassoviae. (No other date.)

COLENDALLy Henri, a Jesuit of eminence at Osnabriick, Diissel-
dorf, and Cologne. Sol occidens in meridie, in occasu meridie
splendior(along title in German follows, dated), den 7 Julii anno quo

IOSEPHVs PRfiMATVRO FATO ConCeDeBAT. = 171I

^ Quotation from Statius.

DATES OF BOOKS-JESUIT AUTHORS. 301

Im Jahr als Joseph Der erste Den Lebens LaVff VoLLenDet. = 171 1
Osnabriick, gedruckt bey Gottfried Kissling, fol. pp. 60. \The
Emperor of Germany^ Joseph /, died in the year thus indicated^

COLOGNE, published at.

Leo Bambergicus Symbolicis principum virorum Leonibus adum-
bratus, etc (address by the Jesuits of Bamberg to the Bishop), in
faustae gratulationis debitique significationem obsequii dicatus conse-
cratus anno qVo franCIsCVs prInCeps herbIpoLensIs antIstes
baMbergensIs pVbLICe renVnCIatVr. = 1633

theses eX VnIVersa theoLogIa qVas DIVo thoMa faVente
tVerI ConabItVr. P. Lambertus Casteau Societatis Jesu in = 1700
celeberrimo iil coronarum gymnasio Coloniae die — Septembris ab
hora 7 usque ad 9 ante, et a i ad 3 post meridiem. 4*. pp. i6. (No
other date.*)

Parentis vitium est filiorum exitium. S. ChrysoL sive CVLpa
PROTASII, CVLpa sVppLICIoqVe MIChaeLIs In Iapone
pLeXa. Perillustri, etc., Juventute tricoronati gymnasii Societatis = 1688
Jesu, etc. Anno 1688.

Colonia Agrippina ob invictam orthodoxia, etc. (a long title is
thus dated), esto pIa, et sVperIs In VIta et Morte fIDeLIs
IVngetVrqVe trIbVs qVarta Corona tVIs. = 1699

Augurium litterarium ex ipso Nomine et Cognomine descriptum
lusu poetico varie elucidatum^-quo — Arnoldus Mylius s. j., etc. etc.
PRoMoTO s. s. theoLogI-« DoCtorI. = 1652

Questiones symposiacae, quas ad Doctorales epulas recens, etc.
etc. Gratulantes plurimum omnibus jam promotis Doctoribus
imprimis patruo suo DoCtorI MyLIo. = 1652

COSTER^ Fran9ois, of Malines, author of many works, No. 58
on the list is Disputatie over het fondement alder Ketleryen t' sy oude,
t'sy niewe, etc., is thus dated, Mera DeLIratIo IesVItaLIs, = 1610
Published at Antwerp, 16 10. (See Bruxelles, supra,)

DOUAI, published at

Perillustri ac reverendo — Franc Isidoro de Haynin (a congratula-
tion by the College of Jesuits, 1633, with an engraving of an obelisk
erected on the occasion of his inauguration, inscribed), obeLIsCVs
franCIsCo IsIDoro De haYnIn CcENOBlARCHi^e saCer. =s 1663

DUSSELDORF, published at

£pulae geniales serenissimis neo-gamis Philippo Wilhelmino Comiti
Palatmo et Elisabeth® Amaliae — ediibita a Coll. Soc. Jesu Dussel-
dorpiensi

eXternIs LVXIsse pLaCet ConnVbIa terrIs \ _ ^

saLVteM epVLas LarIbVs Carpe phILIppe tVIs. j ^^

(No date in figures.)

^ The date of publication is said to be 1650, but the chronogram is clearly 1700.

302 DA TES OF BOOKS-^JESUIT A UTHORS.

Nuptise Pelei et Thetidos renovatse, hoc est, auspicatissimum
Leopold! I. Rom. Imp. — ^serenissimae Eleonorse Magdalenae Theresiae.
— Connubium symbolicis Deonim numeribus honoratum a tribus Soc.
Jesu Coll. Dusseldorpiensi — Anno quo LeopoLDVs seCVnDVs
aVspICIIs et praLIIs reCepIt a gaLLIs phILIppopoLIn. = 1676
(No other date.)

GAND (GHENT), published at.
pLaVsVs DoMestICVs in palatio Episcopal! cujus argumentum = 1666
LVna D'aLLaMontIa eVgenII antIstItIs cui iUustrissimo, = 1666
piissimo, clementissimo, libendissimo, vigilantissimo, mansuetissimo,
et ad altiora nato. Infulas Gandavenses gymnasium Socletatis Jesu
gratulabatur. Vario emblemate, Flausu privato aliquando in publicam
eamque Ampliorem scenam prodituro. — Gandavi, 1666. 4°.

CudL Dixi: Vidi. VicL eX IprensI ganDensIs epIsCopVs
ILLVstrIssIMVs, Reverendissimus Dominus D. Joannes Baptista= 1732
de Smet, Antistes Gandensium quatuor decimus — ^Territorii S. Bavo-
nis, etc — patrIotIs aDVenIstI, CVnCtIs eXoptatIssIMVs = 1732
Gandavi, typis Michaelis de Goesin, e regione Curiae sub Viridi Cruce.
4°. 1732-

MaeCkt IVbeL. Croonen sonDer Weerga voor, Petrus Dupuis=: 1766
Jubilerende van meer als't sestig jaeren, etc. etc., in het Collegie der
Eerweirdige Paters der Societeyt Jesu, binnen Gend. Gend, Jan
Meyer, 1766, fol. (Poime en acrostiches).

GRUMSELy Gerard. MIrabILIs DeVs In sanCtIs sVIs.= 1666
Ps. 67. Mechlina illustrata luce miraculorum S. Francisci Xavieri —
Chronicis distichis evulgata anno 1666. Auctore Gerardo Grumsel
Soc. Jesu, etc.

Chronica gratulatio, pace inter utramque coronam conclusa anno
ManIbVs Date LILIa pLenIs. Antwerp, 1660. 4*. pp. 52. = 1659
This was published on the occasion of the peace of the Pyrenees
between France and Spain in 1659; ^^ contains 6 elegies of 672
verses, each distich giving by chronogram the date 1659. * Les vers
sont assez coulants et ne paraissent pas trop tortures.'

Another work equally remarkable, by the same author, is noticed
at a subsequent page in this collection. See Index.

HACKIy Jean Fran9ois, of Danzig —

Scrutinium veritatis fidei — ^per J. F. Hacki, Soc Jesu theologum.
Anno postquam Vera LVX MVnDI (Jaann, 8. 12) et Cara
VerItas E terra orta est {Ps. 84. 12). Typis monasterii= 1682
Olivensis, etc. (no other date).

HANNOTELy Philippe, of Douay, Exercitium amoris Dei — per
quemdam P. Soc Jesu, haVrIte aqVas CVM gaVDIo s
fontIbVs serVatorIs.* Douai, 1634. 24°. = 1634

^ See p. 32, anU, where a somewhat similar chronogram is used.

DA TES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS. 303

Another work by the same author is said to be dated haVrIetIs
aqVas CVM gaVDIo e fontIbVs serVatorIs.^ = 1635

Douay, 1635. 24°

HEIDELBERGy published.at.

De montibus altissimis gloria consummata, etc. (a congratulation
when Rev. P. Letharius Helling was inaugurated as Professor at the
University). Anno quo MontIbVs e VarIIs orto spLenDore
reLVXIt, eX nostrIs VenIt gLorIa pLena IVgIs (no other = 1754
date).

INNSPRUCK, published at

Mundus novus Christus, Serenissima Sueciae regina in sinum
ecclesise catholicas Romanse CEniponti recepta et a serenissimo
principe Ferdinando Carolo Austrio Archiduce ibidem recepta anno
quam ipsamet exhibet ChrIstIna aDMIrabILIs oeniponti = 1655
nomine coUegii Soc. Jesu.— 4** pp. 30.

KERENSy Henri Jean, of Maestricht. Chronica, Emblemata aliae-
que inscriptiones, etc. (put up on the line of procession on the inaugu-
ration of the Bishop of Ruremonde and Gelders, and thus dated),
tYpIs DIonYsII.MaCkaY tYpographI aUstrIaCo geLrI. 4^ = 1770

KOCHANSKIy Adam Adamand, mathematician at Wurzburg and
Mayence. Analecta mathematica ; plausus festus Austriaco nomini
sacer, et a geniis universae matheseos, ad Amussim Ferdinandicam
festive et genialiter exactus. Anno quo In fernanDea fLorebat
sChottVs aMVssI (alluding to the writings of P. G. Schott). = 1662

LILLEy published at

Excellentissimo — D. Philippo Hippolyto Carolo Spinolae, etc. (an
address to him as commander of the king's army in Belgium, on his
entry into Lille). Rosarium rosa et spina nobile offerunt Collegium
Societatis Jesu Insulense. Chron. Dabo paCeM popVLo. 4^ pp. 14. = 1655

Admodum reverendo patri ac Domino D. Hugoni Beeckman
monasterii Cysoniensis presuM recens inaugurato applaudit ColL Soc.
Jesu Insulis, Anno ac die per chronicon designato hVgonIs
beeCkMannI abbatIs InaVgVratIo aLtera a LVCIa LVCe
CeLebratVr. mdcxxxvi. = 1636

MALINES, published at
LILIa Dant LiETlTlAM Syncharma dipnicon super secundis = 1654
mensis perillustri — Domino Joanni van Wachtendonck ex ecclesiae
metropolitanse D. Rumoldi Decano. Dandum a juventute Gymnasii
societatis Jesu. (No other date.)

MACHER^ Jean, of Carinthia. Many curious titles of his works
are mentioned ; the ninth on the list is Dank-Predig in solennen Te
Deum laudamus so aus gnadigst ergangenen Befelch Ihro Rom.

^ See note on page 302.

304 DATES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS.

Kays. Majest Leopold!, etc — Anno qVo IosephVs GERMANliE
hVngarI^qVe reX LanD a VIo victor potIebatVr. Printed = 1701
at Linz. This relates to one of the victories at Landau. See Index.

MANNHEIM, published at.

Mors serenissimi Principis Friderici Michaelis, etc. (verses Mn
Pamasso poetico/ P. P. Soc. Jesu Manheimii, and dated), mense
Januario anni sequentis quo serenIssIMVs prInCbps frIDerICVs
obIIt, fLete. = 1767

MA URISPERG, Antoine, of Styria. Several works by him, Nos.
10, 12, and 14 should be noticed The title of No. i commences,
saCer MARlANiE sxlRliE zoDIaCVs, seu celebriores, gratiis et = 1709
prodigiis clarae Beatissimse Virginis. No date in figures.

MA YENCE, published at.

Gryphus aureus Moguntius quern bono Generis, Genii, Ingenii
Auspicio, Hieroglyphicis in. illustrium virtutum monumentis, et
avitae Greiflfenclawiorum famili» insignibus exomatum. — By the Soc
Jesu — Anno quo oeorgIVs frIDerICVs fIt MogVntInVs
antIstes. 4^ (No date in figures.) = 1626

Janus Bifirons sive solium Eminentise atque honoris (a gratulation
to John Philip, the joint bishop of Mayence and Wurzburg, from the
College of Jesuits) — Anno quo Igannes phILIppVs a sChonborn,
CLero Legente, totoqVe popVLo sVffragante, fIt
arChIepIsCgpVs MgoVntInVs. (No- date in figures.) = 1642

Aqua justa doloris a Petra percussa saliens sive Lessus CoUegii
Moguntii Soc. Jesu in praematuro funere (of Bishop Hartard) —
Chronodistichon in tempus mortis, quas accidit in Adventu Domini-^
TERRA petIt, rVpto LabatVr ab athere IVstVs ; ) _ g g

iETHER, HARTARDVs sCanDaT aD ASTRA, PETIT. J "" '

(Folio. No other date.)

Gedeon redivivus coelestium charismatum rorem stillans in
condiam et Architiaras Moguntianae Unionem progenerans ex perve-
tusta — familia Conchyliata Mettemichorum— (addressed to Carolus
Henricus, Bishop of Mayence and Worms, by the College of Jesuits^ —
Anno quo saLVs hVIC DoMVI eXtItIt. (Folio. No other date.)= 1679

MITTERDORFFER, Sebastian. The title-page com-
mences—

VIENNA aVstrI-« sanCto nepoMVCeno DeVota : IstIVsqVe ) ^

MVnIfICIs benefICIIs DItata. A gratulation offered to/"" 344<>
certain dignitaries of the University of Vienna by Mitterdorffer. It
has been attributed to S. Prembsel. The intended date, 1723, is
given twice in the sum of the chronognun.

MJJNSTER^ in Westphalia, published by the Coll. Soc Jesu—

VaLeDaMVs spectator. Per drama Tragico-Comicum, etc = 1660

A rhetorICa wesphaLI-« DIe (17) MensIs eVntIs. || . In = 1660

oratorIo paVLIno gyMnaDos soCIetatIs. (No other date.) = 1660

DATES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS. 305

Certaroen Palladium in explicando Torkianae gentis numero
gentilitio a Paulina Soc Jesu Pallade susceptum (on the occasion of
some ceremonial by Bishop Johannes Rpgerus a' Torek of Aesbeck
and Vorhelm, explained by the chronogram) — Anno
qVo VnICVs hIC et soLVs eX ILLVstrI torCkIano )

GBNERE eX ASBECk ET VoRHELM SVpERSTES HiERES > = 1 67 5

InItIatVs fVIt presbyterIo. Printed at Munster. Folio, j

Praxis divini sacrificii et convivii pie obeundi pro fidelibus
defimctis olim per Laurentium Chifletium s . j . occasione anni
Jubilsei concinnata, nunc eadem ex causa ad promovendam communi-
onem generalem strenuas loco IterVM reCVsa pro soDaLIbVs
B. VIrgInIs. Anno Domini mdclxxv. 12°, pp. 39. = 1675

MOLSffEIM{QT HOLSHEIMf), published at.

Postuisti in capite ejus Coronam de Lapide pretioso (describing a
tiara presented to the bishop of Augsburg, Francis Egon, a Count
of Fiirstenberg, etc., by the College of Jesuits at Holsheim)—
Anno quo nova DoMVI rVRSXENBERoICiE gLorIa orta est. = 1663
Folio. On back of title-page is date, 19 Jany. 1663.

NEUBOURG, on the Danube, published at

Sertum nuptiale (on marriage of Leopold with Eleanora, daughter
of the Count Palatine, addressed by the College of Jesuits) — Anno
quo, aVstrIa DVM VItIs In oLIVa fLoret paLatIna || et = 1676
roManIs aqVILIs paLatInI aDIVngVntVr Leones. = 1676

Folio. Printed at Ingolstadt, pp. 22.

ORBANy Ferdinand. apotheosIs LbopoLDI prIMI
CiESARls des volkommensten original aller Stand-Tugenden. =s 1705
Published at Diisseldorf.

PADERBORNy in Westphalia, published at.

Munera nuptialia (i>. of Frederic of Fiirstenberg, married to Anna
Maria k Kempen ; an address from the College of Jesuits) — ^Anno
frIDerICVs et anna MarIa. (No other date.) = 1608

Domus sapientiae columnis septem (concerning some scholastic
exercises at the university at the date thus given) —
trVX qVanDo natos Mars VoLVerat orbe paVores, 1 _. ^
VersaqVe grassatos IgnIs per teCta fVrores. / ^'^^

Typicus Hieropolitarcha in Antitypo expressa anno Christi eodem
quo theoDorVs paDerbornensIs antIstes xx^civ a sVIs rIte
InaVgVratVs Ista sVa eXhIbebat InsIgnIa (addresses by = 1050
the College of Jesuits, and others, on the inauguration of the Bishop
Theodore Adolphus, dated)^Anno Christi eodem quo spes at res
patrise apparebat L^tIor abs theoDoro aDoLpho paDerbornensI
antIstIte. = 1604

The meaning seems to be that the Bishop Theodore of 1604 is
made the antitype of Theodore of 1050. No date in figures is
mentioned.

2 Q

3o6 DA TES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS.

Apollo, Sol, Citharsedus, Pastor, Symbolice explicatus, etc (a
gratulation by the Jesuits to the Prince-bishop Francis Arnold, and
dated) Anno DoMlNlCiE InCarnatIonIs. = 1705

Castor et Pollux felicissimorum siderum divisa immortalitas, sive
Clementis Augusti et Philippi Mauritii fratnim Serenissimonim virtutis
et glorise siderum duplicata felicitas, etc. etc., — in sacros ejusdem
honores Unanhni omnium voto succedere, die qVa MerItIs sanCtI
pLaVDebat LiETA rVpertI — etc. etc. (No other date.) = 1719

Deo et Deiparae Virgini sanCto IoannI eVangeLIsta, benIg-

nIssIMO VnIVeRSITATIs THEODORlANiE PATRONO, || SANCtO = 167S

LIborIo epIsCopo, eCCLesI-«, VrbIs et totIVs DI^CIs
paDerbornensIs tVteLarI, || sanCtIssIMIs In VIrtVtIs et = 1675

SAPlENTliE PALeSTRA PRiESlDlBVs || HAS eX PHILoSOPHIa sVa = 1675

assertIones offer Vnt MetaphysICI paDerbornenses. = 1675

ue. Of the Society of the Jesuits. The date mdclxxv. is also given,
and the chronogram (as I have divided it by bars) gives that date
four times over.

Reliqu« philosophies bienniales philosophise ChrIsto IesV
saLVatorI eIVsqVe DIViE parentI MARliE II sanCto Iosepho = 1682

ET ANGELo CVSTODI SANCtIs IgNATIo et XaVerIo DICATiE

ConseCrat-«qVe, etc. = 1682

In aula academica majore 15 et 16 Septembris anno mdclxxxii.

PLOCHINGERj Christopher. Der allerheiligtsen Gottlichen
Dreyfaltigkeit, etc, etc. — Anno quo Casarea PROTECTIoNE^
epIsCopaLI ConsensV, proVInCIa aVspICIIs InCIpIt InsIgnIs \^ ^
ConfraternItas sVb tItVLo saCro-sanCta trInItatIs Inj—*''®
eCCLesIa paroChIaLI LInCensI. (Printed at Linz. No other J
date.)

PORRENTRUY, PRUNTRUT, a smaU town in the Canton
of Berne, where was once a College of Jesuits Among the panegyrics
pronounced there is one intituled, eLoqVentIa pIetatIs In
CoMpenDIo sodalibus majoris congregationis b. v. m . annunciatse = 1660
Bruntruti in Xenium oblata anno quo Maximam Dei Matrem ex illis
jam notis Encomiis Ave Filia Dei Patris, ac rite salutabant

eIa aVe MarIa DeI Chara fILIa. = 1660

eIa aVe DeI fILII Casta Mater. = 1660

eIa benIgna pneVMatIs DILeCta sponsa. = 1660

eIa ss. trIaDIs nobILe saCrarIVM. = 1660

eIa aVe saCra DeI patrIs fILIa Mater sponsa. = 1660

Printed at Pruntrut, 1660.

PR A G UE\ published at —The « Clementine ' College.

Sertum Majale quod dd Baccalaureorum honori dum sub initium
Maii in aula universitatis primum philosophicae dignitatis gradum con-
scanderent, texuit Poesis Academia Pragensis. Anno quo aLeXanDer
septIMVs pontIfeX VnIVersaLIs pastor InaVgVratVr. = 1655

Printed at Prague.

DA TES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS, 307

epInICIa ChronographICa De feLICI VICtorIa sUDiE
A ChrIstIanIs eXpVgnata. Ad augustissimum Imperatorem = 1686
Leopoldum. 4*. Printed at the Clementine College, 1686. Alluding
to the defeat and expulsion of the Turks.

SCHMUKERy Mathias, a preacher in Bohemia.

Stella coeli Archiatrica sive Recipe et Amuletum Mariano-
Parthenium, adversus pestiferam luem, etc. — ^anno qVo IratI patrIs .
ManVs, VIrgA sVA, InobeDIentes fILIos CastIgat. = 1679

Printed at Nissa. No other date.

SCHUMACHER, Henri, of Miinster. The title of a work
begins —

Mors frIDerICI ChrIstIanI MonasterIensIs DIceCesIs \
epIsCopI prInCIpIs aC DoMInI nostrI, CLero et M^ESTiE pLebI > =8530
DUra sors Mcerore pUbLICo DepLorata. lUis parabolas j
Evangelic^ verbis Luc. 19, etc. The amount of the chronogram is
the (correct) date, 1706, five times repeated.

Another work by him with this title — IVsta fVnebrIa
losEPHo I. aVgVstIssIMo C-«sarI LVCtV pVbLICo, pIo
affeCtV, rItVqVe soLennI saCra. Das 1st LeIChbegangnVs
IosephI DIeses nahMens ersten In gottseeLIgsten kaysers,=: 3923
etc. etc. (a long title continues, with the date in figures, 171 1.
There is something wrong in the authority firom which I take this
chronogram; it is intended to make the date 171 1 twice over, but
there is a deficiency of the further quantity of 501. An extra d and i
would make it right.)

STEGMAN, Antoine, of Paderbom. CaroLVs seXtVs
absoLVta VIrtVtIs et IMperantIs IDea = 1740

(Then follows a long descriptive title in German. The chronogram
seems to be the subject of a preaching on the 14th December at
Miinster. Charles vi. died on 17th October 1740.)

STEIGER, Winceslas, of Tischnow and Olmiitz, a Jesuit,
wrote —

Immortalis gloria Gandiae sive S. Franciscus Borgia e iv. Duce
Gandise, Societ. Jesu in. Generalis. faVente nVper sVpreMa
atqVe apostoLICa seDe oLorIosIs DIVorVM fastIs
InsCrIptVs In aCCeptata ab Ipso sanCto franCIsCo
VnIVersItate oLoMVCensI, etc. etc (to the honour of the = 5013
crowned philosophers of the University of Olmiitz.)

In eLogIIs Vt IMagIne speCtanDVs proposItVs || aC Datos = 1671
Inter tVbarVM festos appLaVsVs. = 1671

There is also a cabala date of 167 1. The amount of the first
chronogram is the date 1671, three times repeated.

WAGNER, Andr^, of Pfaffenhoren, in Suabia. Nachfolgendes
Gesprech, Vber einen vom evangelio abgefallen, etc — Im Jahr,
o Pll estote patIentes, In fIne VIDebIMVs CVIVs sIt tonI.= 1630

Printed at Leipzig, 1630.

3o8 DATES OF BOOKS— JESUIT A UTHORS

WOELKERy Francis, of Prague. Summa posthumas gloriae in
Augustalium virtutum triade orbi proposita, etc. — (Here follow the
grand titles of the Emperor. On the occasion of the funeral obsequies
of Leopold I., * in templo salvatoris,' at Prague on 27th August)
qVo aVgVstVs CiESARVM soL DIsparVIt (sic) In terrIs Vt
Inter astra eXoreretVr. = 1705

WURZBURG, published at.

Oliva Lauro suaviter et justb sociata quam juxta veterem illam
Curilae Gnomen, Herbipolis solo judicat ense et stolo, etc. (on the
accession of John Godefrid, Prince-bishop of Wurzburg) anno qVo
saCra CVrrebat LVX thoMa pr-«sVLIs angLI ConseCrata
ROSA est nobILIs herbIpoLI. = 1686

Printed by the College of Jesuits, 1686. Folio, pp. 38, in verse.

Orationes vel Hortationes Marianas, ad Almam, Antiquissi-
mam congregationem Majorem Academicam sub titulo Beatissimae
Virginis Marias ab Angelo Salutatae, in Alma, Ducali, et Episcopali
universitate Herbipolensi, pro congressibus publicis Academico-
Marianorum dd. sodalium habitae Strena annI InCarnatIonIs
DoMlNlCiE. MDCcvi. = 1706

POEMATA VARIA.

HIS is a group of miscellaneous poems and other
versified compositions, comprising political events,
birthday and marriage congratulations, elegies, com-
plimentary addresses, and some singular retrograde
verses of a prophetic character, in all of which chrono-
grams are ingeniously applied to the various circumstances and
subjects. They were all published in Germany in the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries.

A QUARTO VOLUME in the British Museum (press-mark 837. h. 15.
1-32.), labelled, *Poemata varia 1616-1741/ containing thirty-
two separate tracts. Tract No. 3 is, Speculum Martyrii Budoveciani^
ex disputatione paulb ante ipsam executionem, etc. — Constantiae,
anno ultimas patientias sanctorum 1625. — In lucem emittit Gratianus
Liberius, Veromundanus.^

It relates to some executions* (* butcheries ') at Prague. On the
back of the title-page are the following chronograms —
' Numerale anni Lanienae Pragensis.'

EN TER SEPTENO IVnI PRAGiE IrIs OBORTA EST !

TRES noVIes proCeres ferro ferDnanDVs aDegIt. = 1 62 1

i.e,Lo/ on the 21st June the * Iris* of Prague arose. Ferdinand
brought twenty-seven nobles to the sword,
Aliud memoriale.
TER IVnI septeno: ferDnanDIana tyrannIs

TRES noVIes regnI neCat ense et fVne Dvnastas. = 1 62 1

Le, On the 2 1st June the Ferdinandean tyrant slew twenty-seven nobles
of the kingdom with the sword and rope,

^ The town of Budweis. * Picardy, the author's native land.

* Executions for politi(»l or religious offences by authority of the Emperor, Ferdinand
the Second.

3IO POEMATA VARIA.

Aliud eteostichon ejusdem execudonis Caesarianx, secundum
Processum Hispanicum institutae.

TER BENk SEPTENO IVnI rVbET IrIs OBORTA,

TRES noVIes toLLIt praga boheMa Deos. = 1621

i,e. On the 21st June the risen ^ Iris' was red, and Prague raises up
twenty-seven gods.

The tract contains {inter alia) a supposed dialogue in hexameter
verse between 'Jesuitae' and 'Budovecius/ commencing, 'Cum
generose Baro, etc. etc.,' and at the end is 'Epitaphium Budove-
cianum/ commencing —

Hoc jacet in tumulo Budoveci flebile corpus
A ferreo caesum modemo C?esare, etc etc

Tract Na 5. 'Epithalamia et votivae acclamationes,' — on the
marriage of Conrad Balthasar Pichtel and Christiana Adelheid
Pfreund. Marpurg, iv. cal. Maii 1634 —

XPONOAlXTIXON crco/xi^n/ftcpovo/iaXoyiicov.
taDas eCCe petVnt pIChteLIVs atqVe aDeLheta;

LVCes, qV-« restent, tres Vt aprILIs habet. = 1634

i.e, Behold Pichtel and Adelaide seek a wedding when three days yet
remain which belong to April [the iSth April, or iv. calends of May,']

The last poem in the tract concludes thus —
In thaLaMo sponsIs IoVa paX tVta potenter

fLoreat, atqVe totos prosperet Ipse DeVs. = 1634

i.e. Maythe^afe peace of Jehovah powerfully prevail in their married
state, and may God himself prosper them entirely f

1 ract Na 12, in the same volume. ' Miraculum poeticum hoc
est Unicus versus miris modis variatus continens votum ad Deum ut
aiuream pacem, hactenus k Germania, proh dolor ! exultantem, nunc
tandem illi postliminio cum novo anno propitius restituat, etc
Editum sub finem anni
aVspICIo DoMInI qVo paX hIs orta sVb orIs. = 1631

£t sub initium anni
qVo bonVs oppressos reX regVM VInDICet opto. = 1632

Authore M. Johanne Steinio, Rostoch.'
i^e. Written at the end of the year, when through the auspices of the Lord
peace has arisen within this country. And at the beginning of the year,
in which God the King of kings will I hope vindicate the oppressed; by
John Stein of Rostock.

Then follows an address to the scholars of the University of
Rostock, concluding thus, 'Dabam Rostock, ex musaeo meo ipsius
Calendis Januar. sub exorsum anni quo in haec vota erumpo
o paCeM nobIs IoVa reX tVa DeXtrera PRiEsxEX.' = 1632

Then follows the subject of the tract, an assemblage of hexameter
lines, commencing —

' Pacem nunc tandem Jova det tua gratia nobis,' each line is

POEMATA VAR/A.

composed of the same words, the position of one word in each line
is changed, so as to make 792 changes, occupying 24 page&

Afterwards follow several sets of verses addressed to the author's
friend Justus Frideric Dillenius; the sixth set is in German, and
concludes thus —

Das Lorbeer reIs WIrD jobVs DarzV sChItten mdclxxiii. =
This singular tract ends thus (addressed to Dillenius) —
Incluto viro Dn. Dillenio Cabalisticon
Aha ! jam hie
Dignus laude labor pariet tibi nomen et honor.

1673

A = I

d = 4 1 = 20

t =ioo

e= S

h =s 8

1 = 9 a = I

1 = 9

t =100

a = I

g= 7 b = 2

b= 2

PROBA.

n = 40 1 0 = 50

I = 9

h=; 8

J = 9

u =200

r = 80

0 = 50

580

a = I

s = 90

n = 40

n s= 40

408

m = 30

p = 60

0 = 50

»85

h = 8
i = 9

1 = 20

fX — • T

a = I

m= 30

e = 5
n ^ 40

r = 80

333

u = 200 ' i = 9

Annus currens

c = 3

d= 4'e= 5
e = 5 t =ioo

1676

580 408

285

333

[The following is the key to the Cabala, which I present to my readers :
abcdefghijk 1 mn q p q r s t uetc
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 ^ 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200]

1 ract No.

^ ^

17, in the same volume, 'Applausus genethliaco-
votivus, anno salutis 1678, 25*™" et inter 26*™ Julii diem aurora
consurgente Deo dante, fausto omine, atque in non exiguum Sac:
Rom: Germanici imperii orbisque christiani jubilum ac solamen
Neonato serenissimo principi Josepho Jacobo Ignatio Joanni Antonio
Eustachio archiduci Austrian, eta' — Coloniae Agrippinas mdclxxviii.
The subject is an ode in praise of the genealogy and birth of Joseph,
son of the Emperor Leopold, in 1678. He succeeded to the imperial
throne in 1705.

Chronograms are scattered throughout the composition at irregular
intervals, and they form part of the subject It is needless, however,
to extract more than the chronograms ; they all give the date of his
birth.

In the margin of the page following the title is this reference to
Job, chapter 11, v. 17 and seqq.^ and then follows —
ASSVrGAT Vt aVrORA, pVbLICo GERMANliE BONO & DIV. =

VIVat DVLCIssIMVs pVer, =

1678
1678

312 POEMATA VAEIA.

VI Vat aVstrIaDes fVLCrVM gentIs, = 1678

VI Vat paLatIna Corona, gaVDIVMqVe, = 1678

VIVat IMperI DeCVs, saLVsqVe, = 1678

fLoreatqVe DoMVs hoC, et seqVentIbVs perpetVIs annIs. = 1678

Et Josephus quondam,
nVtrItIVs IesVs ChrIstI DoMInI saLVatorIs, = 1678

Sac. Rom. Imperii, et Austrias patronus recens assumptus, etc. ;
and after a few lines —

LiETO oMIne arChIDVX VIVe, = 1678

VbI soL VIrtVte sVa septenDIo LeoneM perLVstrasset. = 1678

£t anno.
1678 ter 8 DIES transIVIssent, et JULIVs IMpLeVIsset,
[This line makes only 1627, but it is so in the original.]
A marginal note in the original says, * Septenanus enim numerus
mysteriosus et omnino perfectissimus est, quia continet duo triades et
unum monadem.'

After an interval of two or three pages, it proceeds —
In religionis et regionis progressu existes
Hujus nominis imperatorum primus.
hInC IterVM appLaVDens VoVeo: In augVsto = 1678

aVgVstIor sIt, fIat Instet LeopoLDVs LIberIs et trIVMphIs= 1678
IMpIa ConsILIa DIssIpans, seqVente sIgno eJVsqVe VerA= 1678
et IngentIA VIrtVte, pIetate, ConsILIo et InDVstrIA hostes
oMnes sVperans. = 1678

After some verses, it proceeds —
£t nate natorum, et qui nascentur ab illis,

Itaque, Gen. 9. v. i.

MVLtIpLICentVr C. InfInIta In s^eCVLa. | J^^cant } = '^^^

Then follow some long fanciful allusions to the Emperor and
Empress, Leopold and Eleanora, and others of the imperial family.
The ode proceeds —

Beato
faVstIore aVgVrIo prIMI, et feLICIs DIe eIVsq: = 1678

beatIs regnIs, In qVIbVs pIetas, et aVIta reLIgIoI _. , «

sCeptra MoDeratVr, j '

Ita sInt fortVnata teMpora, qVIbVs pr^esVnt) _ ^ g

LeopoLDVs et eLeanora: j '

lo Hi VIVant, trIVMphent, orbIs et mWI DELICIiC ;= 1678

And further on —

Quoniam
JVstVs Deo, VtI paLMa et LaVrVs fLorebIt. s= 1678

Then after two lines —

Praeter innumeras alias
HAS tVa proMerVIt Veras VICtorIa LaVDes. *= 1678

After another page of verses it proceeds —
eX — In — & -«TERNiE Nos oMnes fcedere paCIs ) _ ^ «

aLtIpotens foVeat, perpetVoqVe beet. j '

POEM ATA VARIA. 313

After five more pages, the last is reached, containing a sort of
parting gratulation —

' . . . tribus foliis, terque 8 columnis constantum Candidum hoc,
Mystici Hujus Anni Numeri, Nominis, Ominis, Oraculi
1678. VotVM ter.eterna,! ID est 24**aVgVstI LVCe.

The author here signs his name —

Henr. Ant. Oom. ab Oesterstein, Eques Ord. de christo.

1 ract No. 22, in the same volume, has this title-page, ' Europa
Revalescens id est oratio panegyrica metrica qui De Pace inter
foederatos et Gallos initd, Totius Europas votis ambitH et postmodum
plausibus celebrati, Europse gestienti Prid. Idus Januarii, Anno quo
qVos ferrI rabIes pIngVI MaCeraVIt In agro
paX aLIt et DVro saXo seges orta sagInat. • = 1698

(by) Christianus Albertus Hake. Bremse. (No date in figures.)

The dedication follows, then some gratulation verses ; these lines
are at the conclusion —
' Impletum est omen nostri votumque poetse
Dum nunc-elapso laetus sic lusit in anno ;
qVo pater iETHEREVs nostrIs bonVs annVet aVsIs

atqVe gregI eXILI MoLLIa fata DabIt.*
(and at the end of the page, and of the verses) —
p.p. ix. Jan. Dom. i. post Epiph. Anni mdcxcviii. Dider. Sagit-
tarius. P.P.

A VOLUME of ' Poemata varia in Germ : edita ' (British Museum,
press-mark 837. h. 3.), a collection of tracts —
Tract No. 10. * Epicedium,' on the death of the pious matron
Ursula, wife of Revd. Virid: M. Neglinus, Pastor, concludes thus —
ConIVnX negLInI IaCet haC teLLVre sepVLta

spIrItVs eXIgWs VaDIt aD astra bona. = 1563

Le. The wife qf Neglinus lies buried in this ground^ her slender spirit
goes to the good stars (heaven).

1 ract No. 2 1. ' Epithalamium, — on the marriage of a certain lady,
Barbara Bemssaw — Dusseldorf, 1563' —
aLa prVInoso \sic\ gLaCIaLIs In aXe deCeMbrIs

SiEViT Vt h-«C pLaVsV Vota sVbIre I Wat. = 1563

The letter d is not counted.

^ This chronogram is uncertain in consequence of a defect in the original printing ; as
it stands, it makes only 1677.

' This chronogram makes only 1697 ; it should make 1698.

2 R

314 POEMATA VARIA.

1 ract Na 22. ' Genethliacon — per Joannem Onrennn,' ad-
dressed to John William, son of (a certain German noble of many
titles and) Maria, daughter of the Emperor Ferdinand of Hungary. —
Diisseldor^ 1562. This is on the back of the title-page —

' Annus et tempus quo natus est,
MagnVs It eX aqVILa. CretVs IoVIs aLIte pVLLVs

adVersas aqVILa soLe seCante VIas.* = 1562

The letter d is not counted.

iract No. 2S. 'Epicedion — De obitu Henrici L. Glareani,
patricii Claronensis — a Judoco Castnexo. Basle, 1563.'

Numerale distichon continens nativitatis annum,
heLVetICo natVs CLaret gLareanVs Vt agro
astern Vs MVsIs sVrgere CoepIt honos. = 1488

Annus obitus.
brIssIaCIs Casar terrIs qVo CessIt In anno,
ILLo Mors paLLens te gLareane rapIt. = 1563

Annus »tatis et obitus.
CeLsa VbI In astra pIVs VoLItat gLareanV^ oLtMpI,

qVInqVe seneX VIt^ LVstra ter aCta tVLIt. = 1563

ijc. Glareanus shines forth when, bam in Switzerland^ eternal honour
begins to rise among the Muses. — In the year when the emperor died in
the country of Breisachy in that same year paU death snatches thee away^
O Glareanus. — When the pious Glareanus flies away towards the lofty
stars of heaven^ the old man bore five lustra ofhisltfe thrice completed

> m^^ <

1 ract No. 41. ' Triumphus academicus schoke Giessenas, — ^seu
carmina — etc,' on conferring the privileges of the university on Lewis
Landgrave of Hesse. — ^anno uxC est Diss aMcena JshoV^ = 1607
(Printed) anno noVa aCaDeMLs gIssena. = 1607

At another page a poem is recited to him —

ANNO, CaNTATE DoMInO lEHOViE. * ss 1607

1 ract Na 46. * Nuptial verses to Theodore Hultzscher and
Elizabeth Henning, on 27th May. Marpuig, 1594.' One set of
verses ends—' ETEOSTIXON '
MaIVs Vt affVLget terr« ter LVCe no Vena

EN Casta est hVLtser IVnCta pVeLLa tIbI. ■= 1594

i.e. When May shines to the earth with the thria ninth day^ Lo! the
chaste girl is joined to thee^ O Hultser.

This is followed by — 'Alia Elegia gratulatoria continens simul
annum mensem ac diem [ ? ] nuptiarum,' commencing thus —
annVs erat zephYrVs qVo soLe tepentIbVs agrIs
spIrat, et IrrIgVo DesVper IMbre rVIt. = 1549

The letter v counts as 11=2.

POEMATA VARIA. 315

The last poem to them concludes thus —
sIt thaLaMVs feLIX sponsI spONSiEgVE IVgaLIs,

ET CresCet soboLes sICVt oLIVa pIIs. = 1594

i,e. May the married state he happy to the husband atid wifey and may
offspring increase to the pious couple like olive braftches,
ter ssptena tIbI LVX MaII sVrgIt In aXe,

ET SENA: OPTO, torI fceDera sponsVs InI. {sic.) = 1594

i,e. The thrice seventh day of May rises in the sky^ to thee and seven
more^ etc. etc, (about the marriage).

1 lact No. 50. Epithalamium verses dated thus, at Rostock —
oCtaVa Vt CceLI sVrgIt LVX CLara noVeMbrIs

IVnCta est, en, sponso, sponsa petIta, tIbI. = 1597

i.e. When the eighth dear light of heaven [day] of November rises^ Lo t
the desired wife is joined to thee^ the husband.

Tract No. s i- Verses on a marriage at Gripeswolda (Greifswald) —
VLtIMa nVnC IanI LVX orta, probante IehoVa

IVnCta est hIC CLaro sponsa petIta VIro. = 1598

i,e. Now the last day of January has arrived, with Gods approval, the
devoted wtfe is here joined to the illustrious man.

A voLTJME of 'Poemata Varia' (British Museum, press-mark 837.
jfA h. 12. 1-36), various tracts printed at Marpurg in thesixteenUi
and seventeenth centuries, being elegies, epithalamia, and congratula-
tory verses ; it contains the following chronograms : —

Tract No 2. On the death of the son of Johannes Vultejus, com-
mencing thus, giving the day, month, and year of his death —
prastantIs bInos regnaret sIrIVs ardens. = 9

In ChrIsto obDorMIt spes generosa patrIs. = 1604

The first line must be taken to mean, the 9th day of the month
under the influence of the dog-star ; the letter d in ' ardens ' is not
counted ; the second line is the date of the year, which is again given
in those here following —
teMpore phoebo raDIans qVo IVLIVs VssIt,

trIstIVs Vt fVnVs, trIstIor hora VenIt. = 1604

This indicates the month of July.

Tract No 3. Marriage verses; the title-page is dated, anno
aDDVCta DEiB, a sort of compliment to the lady. = 1605

»► •■^»

Tract No. 10 of the same vol. Verses on the marriage of Justus
Ungel and Gertrude Hober, printed at Marpurg —
ANNO losT VnreL gertraw Den VnkeLIn ehMan. = 16 1 3

3i6 POEMATA VARIA.

Among the verses is a ' Cento-Virgilianus ' of i6 lines; the tract
concludes with this ' chronodistichon ' of the month, day, and year of
the marriage (no other date is given) —
Vt qVater oCtobrIs septeM LVX fVLget ab aXe,

tVnC sponso VnkeLeo beLLa pVeLLa VenIt. = 1612

/>. When the 2%ih day of October sh(me ctlnme^ ihm t?u lovely ^rl comes
to her espoused Unkel.

1 ract No. 15 of the same vol. A collection of verses on the
marriage of Peter Ellas Schrotter and Anna Catharina Vigel, on i6th
October 1615, ^^ Marpurg; the last poem is addressed to them —
Anno . paX reCreans nostros .aterno teMpore sponsos

PROTEGAT, ORTA DeVs FATA REGAT . . . STATA. = 1615

[The print of the last word but one is illegible.]

The poem concludes —
Anno . aVspICe IesV Deo Rlxk fortIssIMo. = 1615

Numerate, nomen votum numerumque anni 16 15 continens —
VIgeLIa, oCtobrI, sChrotero heIC IVngItVr, aCtV,

Mense; noVIs IVstVs sIt noWs hICqVe thorVs. «= 1615

ue, Vigel is really joined to this Schrotter in the month of October; megy
this new couch be a just one to this new couple.
HoC ANNOy oCtobrI, CeLebrat sChroterVs eLIas

petrVs PEitCoNSTANS IntIMa festa thorI. = 1615

i.e. This year in October^ the most constant Elias Peter Schrotter
celebrates the marriage festival,

1 ract No. 24. The title-page of some marriage verses is dated —
ANNO, NOBlsCVM pLaVDIte MVs^ 7 Octob., Marpuig, 1616.
i.e. Rejoice with us, ye muses. The invocation is pleasant, but the
chronogram is wrong.

1 ract No. 26 of the same vol. On the marriage of George Heis
and Barbara Catharine Tellor at Marpuig, 2d September 1616;
at the conclusion is this verse to give the day, month, and year
of the marriage —
prIMa faCIs NONiE LVX CVrrV Vt VertItVr aXe

CLaro, L^ta VIro barba CatrIna VenIt. = 1616

ie. When the first day of the ninth month had departed, the joyful
Barbara Catharine comes to her husband.

1 ract No. 31 of the same vol. Some marriage verses conclude
with this motto —
DeVs sIt VobIsCVM.
i.e. May God be with you, = 1617

POEMATA VARIA. 317

1 ract No. 32. The following is on the title-page of verses on the
marriage of Jolm Strake and Anna Dexbach, daughter of a citizen of
Marpurg, xiix. Kal. Januar. —

ANNO, 6 trIVMpha CLIVIaCI soLI fLos, et parentis gLorIa
straCCee! = 161 7

Nam quina ter sponsam Decembris lux thalamo tibi jungit Annam.
Le. In this year^ thou flower of the soil of Cieeve {in Westphaiia) and
giory of thy father O Strake^ do thou become triumphant t for the \$th
of December unites thee to Anna as thy bride.

A BOOK, consisting of about 28 pages 4*", printed on vellum (British
£\^ Museum, press-mark c 29. € 3.), ' Epithalamium genealogicum
Cressio-Colerianum,' by D. Wagner: Nuremburg, 1615, being a descrip-
tion in hexameter verse of the genealogy and marriage of Gulielmus
Cressius and Sussanna Colerus on 14th March 1615, with two fine
engravings, portraits, and people in costume of the period. Towards
the end is an acrostic on their names and this chronogram —
EN MartIs LVX Dena et qVarta nItebat In /&e

IVra* torI Vt sponsVs sponsa VenVsta petVnt. = 16 15

i.e. Behold the 14th day of March shone in the sky^ when the betrothed
pair seek the rightful joys of marriage.

&et8g&K8»S3ee

On the marriage of J. £m with Christina, daughter of Prince
William of Hesse, on isth May 1598 —

LVX phoebI oeMInos Vt ChrIstVs faVtor et aVtor Mc

ConnVbII HiEC neCtIt peCtora bIna petIt. = 1598

The word ' Geminos' is the Zodiac sign of the month of May.

In the year 1588 the same J. Em 'arcem Martsula exstruxit,' and
caused these words to be cut on a stone there — Mc

VIt^ faVtor DeVs aVXILIator MeVs. = 1588

i.e. God is the cherisher of my life^ and my help.

A BOOK, mentioned in Nova Literaria Gerroaniae, vol. for 1705,
£\ ' Epigrammatum libri quatuor,' by Carolus \ Skop, dedicated
to the King of Prussia, contains an epigram describing Berlin, com-
mencing thus —
orbI LVMen erIt pr^stans Vrbs, arX qVoqVe pr.«stans

E VIrtVte tVa reX frIDerICe pIe. ^ 1711

i>. The city will be a prominent light of the world, and the fortress also
eminent, from thy virtue, O pious King Frederick.

Another book, probably by the same author (British Museum,
press-mark 1x409. f.), ' Podchorecensia, seu fragmenta varia,* \

3i8 POEMATA VARIA.

Georgio Carolo Skop. Leopoli, 1754. (This tide alludes to some
place in Croatia, and to Lembeig, the place of publicatioa) The
author is stated to have been bom in Poland^ educated in Britain,
and at this date to be 84 years old A poem addressed to the Arch-
bishop of Lemberg, * Thesera justorum crux,' has this chronogram at
the foot of the first page, as if to constitute its date —
tsMpora nostra DeVs ConstantI paCe gVberna

sVb qVaVIs VlTiE soRTE statVqVe IWa. = 1754

i.e, O Godj do thou rule our times with constant peaa^ and give hdp
under every condition of life.

Some verses about Lemberg (Leopolis) commence thus —
Non fhistra nomen fert urbs hasc clara Leonis
Praesidium nee non gloria Sarmatiae.
And they thus conclude^
IVsTA trIbVs IVDA Leo fIrMet Castra LeonIs

In qVaVIs faVeat parte VIaqVe sVIs. = i7S4

Here is some play on the wordsy the Lion of Judah^ and Qutra-
Zeonis=Leopolis=i Lemberg.

A BOOK in the Lambeth Palace Library (press-mark 96. f. 6)
contains some curious examples of the custom which prevailed
m uermany two or three centuries ago, for the admiring friends of an
author to eulogise him by verses, epigrams, acrostics, ana^ms, and
chronograms, all included in the volume of his own chief literary
work. The title-page is *■ Theologia Christiana, S. Scripture patrum
Graecorum Graecis, et Latinorum Latinis, h Fontibus ipsorum, et
tandem Theandri Lutheri dictis et testimoniis illustrata et exposita.
Pio Studio Michaelis Neandri Soraviensis.* Lipsiae, md.vc. [1595.]
There is a portrait of the author, Michael Neander, having around it
an inscription which forms the text of a laudatory acrostic; the
verses underneath tell us that although his likeness may be depicted
no one can portray his mind ; the chronogram at the conclusion is a
memorial of his death on 26th April 1595 —
RESTABANT qVatVor VIX Ignes LVCIferI aprILI, ) _

ILFELDifi In ChrIsto Vt, CLare neanDer obIs. j ^^^

i.e. Scarcely four days remained to the light-bringing Aprils when^ O
renowned Neander y thou diest at Llfeld.

The preface then follows, and after it there are many pages of
poems and verses both in Latin and Greek, addressed to Neander,
also the hexameter lines at page 320 in his praise ; the initial letters of
each word when read down the columns form five acrostics on these
words adapted from the title-page, ' MLCHAEL NEANDER PIO
STUDIO THEOLOGIAM CHRISTIANAM EDIDITJ

POEMATA VARIA—NEANDER.

219

r r M ET O MNIA

BgigimpingnntioBimaffii^ ^EAND^y
^tnttm qiupettritptBgere»nttBu0erit,

ScripuViriUmthdnepinpitmMgnij^UitrtU
Quot stasomnit eutbet4e^le£tt*

If BUM O Mr*

The above iUastratton b an actual size facsimile of the original, taken by the kind
permission of His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury.

320

POEM AT A VARIA—NEANDER.

In Theologian! christianam Dn: Neandri

AKPOmXIS.

Georgii Heyderi ecclesise Heringensis Diaconus, grati animi ergb

R M. Augusta

Dtt donit Dei
vitiia et Ingrati-
tudine Mundi,

Stadium.

Munera
Immemor
Cselesti,
Hospitium htc
Mundi AethereL
Ebrietasque
Luciaque,

Mancipiis Mundi Miranda Malignis

Irarum, Impertit Iova, lustidamque

Christus Crucifixus Culmine Confert.

Habitans Homohabetque, Hinc haeres Honoris

Ast alios Argent! Agit ardor Avarus,

Enormisy Edaxque Eris, Exitiosa

Livorisque Lues, Latinasque Libido

BowficiaDei
in dfltefendis
Mronous*

Namque

Expetit,

Abstrahity

Nunc nigra

Dogmata,

Eriget

Restituetque

Nugas, nsevos,

Electos

Anulsosque

Ne noceant,

Detexit

Eloquio

Regs

Nocituraque
Errore
Ardenti
Niveo

DOMINUS

Errantem,
Ruituros

Noscere

Ei&enis

Astringit

Nudata

Dulcisque

Exhilarabit

Robore

Nullus

Erynnjrs

Avemo.

Nitore,

Deinceps

Egenum,

Recto.

De autore PubUca,

jju^^tudii. i^g^^i^^

Officio

Posthabitis Privatis Plurima Praestat

Instituet luvenes, Industrius, Instans

Ordinis Observans, Odit ociasque, Orat

Sacraque
Tendiculas
Ut vigeant
Dogma Dei
Inversum,
Ortu optato

Scrutatur

Tectas,

Veterum

Depravatum,

Infectumque,

Oriturque

Semper:

Tentamina

Veneranda

Duce

Iterum,

Opus omatque

Sathanseque

Tetraque,

Volumina

Dsemone

Indulgente

Optimus

Superbi

Tollit.

Vatum.

Diro,

Iehovah,

Omnis.

iilS5t3L.Teutomci

acriptonun HSSreSlS

Lutberi. Excidioque

Omnibus
Lutherum,
Optimaque
iiSSS^iii«?a«dia
ChrisdanaB. Intrepide
Adversosy

Hunc Herebi,

Eris

Oppugnare

Laudem

Opprobriis

Grata geres

Insidias

Animo

Magnisonasque Minas,

Thesaurum

Horrendumque

Emeritum

Opibusque ovat,

Leetum,

Odiisque opera

Germen

Inimici,

Audaci

Morsus.

Tueare

Honor hosticus

Expetit

Obterere

Lsetumque

Obruit

Genio

Irasque,

Attentabis

Mala nostraque

Theandri,

Horret

Extirpare,

Optans

Labonim

Osor.

Generosum,

Jocosque

Adire,

MOMI.

POEM ATA VARI—NEANDER.

321

Credentes

Christe 6

Confortans,

Contere

Cunctos

Votum ad Chris-

Hostes,

Horriferas,

Humilesque

Holophantis

Habenas.

tum pro incolami-
Ute Autoris, et

Regnaque -

Respicias,

Rex Regum,

Rite

Redemta.

Sareptae Ilfel-
diacsB.

Interea

Innocuos,

IVDEX

lustissime

Iesu,

Suscipe

Servandos,

Sanum

Salvumque

Scholarcham

Turbinibus

Tutum,

Tuearis,

Tempore

Tristi.

Insuper

Ilfeldam

Illustrem

lUsesam,

Incolumemque

Adsere,

Apollineis

Arcem

Artibus

Armipotentem

Nobile

Namque Nonus, Nomen,

Notumque

Neander

Addidit,

Artibus

Addictos

Amat, auget,

Aluminos,

Munificam

Moderans

Mandram

Musaque

Modestas.

Edidit

Eximiani,

Epitomen,

Etenim

Egregiamque

Dogma

Dei dextrum,

Doctorum

Dulcia

Dicta.

Imbuit

Ingenuos

Invenies

Idem

Inque peritos

DOCTRINA

Donante

Decus,

Divinaque

Dona

Ignibus

Insplra

Infirmos,

Iesu inclyte,

Jure

Timpana

Tunc tanget

Tua turba

Tonantia

Tandem.

Anno Christi, Conditi Mundi
et Aetatis Authoris, qui patet
ex subjectis Chronodistichis.

bIbLIa saCra, patresqVe theanDrI CLara LVtherI

Verba, qVID hIs IVnCtIs sanCtIVs esse VaLet?
HiEC qVIa ConIVnXIt CeLebrI pIetate neanDer

posterItas CLarIs LaVDIbVs Ista Vehet.
In pIetate fIDes, ChrIstI CVLtVraqVe, CanDor,

sIngVLa sVnt reLIqVIs, taLIa soLVs habet.
hIC MVLtIs proDesse DeVM qVoqVe Cernere pVrVs

peCtore, DVM stVDVIt, CVrVa seneCta sVbIt. /
terrene Interea VIt^ satVr, atqVe LaborIs. =

SiEPiVs In VotIs, terra VaLeto sonat. =

fInE pIo eXOPTANS SPERAT QVI LiETA, perhenne =

trIstIa POST, fcenVs, fVnera LiETVs AalT. =

The above lines, carefully transcribed, are intended to give the year
of our Lord and the year of the world dates of the book, and the age
of Neander, the figures of each chronogram being placed in the
margin. There appear, however, two errors \ the first couplet makes
1664 instead of 1594, and the fourth couplet makes 5614 instead of
5564, according to the marginal figures in the original print.

There are two anagrams ; this one is on the wordis inscribed on
the oval ornamental margin of the portrait —

MICHAEL NEANDER, SORAVIENSIS. 5.

Anagram

HERCULES, AN SJMSON ES, IN ARA DEI1

2 s

1 594
1594

68
68
68
68

322

FOEMATA VARIA—NEANDER.

A poem of twenty-two verses follows ; these are the concluding
lines ; the last comprises the words of the anagram —

Ex his, per vestrum liceat nunc quserere Nomen
Hercules an Simson es in ara, docte, Dei^ vir?
The epigrams and other poetical encomiums on Neander ter-
minate widi an acrostic in hexameter verse on the words which sur-
round his portrait (taken from Ecclesiastes L 2, 'Vanity of vanities,
all is vanity'), made by Eboanus Bertramus Sondershusinus in 1594,
as follows —

Venatur

Amens,

Nobilius

Ingenium

Tempora,

Ausibus,

Saepe studet

Vaniloquens,

Augur

Nonnunquam

Imminet

Tetrica

Attulit

Turbat

Vita viret

Mortalis,

Exercent :
Tristitiae,

Vanitas vanitatum et omnia vanitas.

Variis

Vitiis

Vanissima

Vulgus

Ardua amans,

Ardenti

Affectat

Amore

Nomen,

Neglecto

Numine

Nugis

Impendit :

luvenis

luvenilia

lactat

Tantaleisque

Tener

Temeraria

Tentat

Atque in

Achilleis

Apprenditur

Armis.

Stultius

Sensu

Superare

Sybillas

Verum

Vanas

Venabitur

Vmbras*

Aberrat,

Aristorideque

Astutior

Argo

Naufragatur,

Nocume

Nitaque

Nactus ;

Interitus

leiuno

Incertus

larpoi

Tisiphone

Trux torva,

Tremendaque

Terns

Angores

Ab aquis

Acherontis

Acerbos,

Terribili

Torquetque

Tyrannide

Turbam.

Veluti

Violse,

Vanescit ut

Vmbra

Morbique

Mali

Mortalia

Membra

Ecquisnam

Extabit et

Extitit

Expers

Turpis

Technse,

Trepidique

Timoris ?

Omnimod^

Miranturque

NonnuUi

lugera

Affluit,

Oblectant Oculos

Magis Monstrosa

Nmnerant Nummos,

lumenti luga :

Argentumque Abscondit

Opulentia Opesque :

Matseaque Mundus :

Nemorosa Notantes

Inexaturabilis Inde

Avarus in Area,

Vniversa Videt Vesper Vanissima Vana

Auricomans Ab aquis, Aurora Adspexit, Adorta.

Nemo non Nudas Nugas Nimiumque Nocivas

Inda^s Inhonesta Imitatur Inaniter, Immo.

Turpia Tutatur, Temnit Theologica Tandem

Anxius Accurans Abdomen Ada&quat Abronem:

Sic studuisse Solent Semper Stultissima Stulti.

^^8S^8^^8P^8Ng8^|g8NI$

POEM ATA VARIA—LUDUS FORTUNE, 323

A VERY curious book (British Museum, press-mark 8610. b.) has
/T^ this title, * Ludus Fortuna, ad recreandam societatem Latinis
versibus omnibus in contrario sensu Retrogradis exhibitus et in tres
libras distributus. Authore Joanne Stramio. Lovanii, 1633/

I pass on at once to the end of the book, where at page 171
occurs the first chronogram, among the verses ascribed to the seven
wise men of Greece. Bion is supposed to write, concerning the
question of absorbing interest in 1633 and 1632, peace or war in
Europe —

Agricolis favet, hand fructus hie proximus annus

Aufert ; est oriens Pax, neque negligitur.
DefICIet, neqVe paX VenIens hIs proDerIt annVs

PRiETERlT HOS, NGN EST DaNS BONA TERRIgENIs.

Convenient, neqVe paX gentes has rIserIt: anno

fIt PRiESENTE InIenS, HaVD PATRliE GRDO DeEST.

(The remainder is in plain verse.)

}= 1633
I = 1632

terrIgenIs MaLa, non Donans est frVgIfera annVs ) _ ,
EST noVa proIICIenDa hIC sors, non DIXero fIet ) ,

Pittacus is supposed to write, at p. 177 —
Negligitur, neque Pax oriens est : auferet annus

Proximus hinc fructus haud favet agricolis.
terrIgenIs bona Dans est, non hos proteret annVs : ) _ .

proDerIt His VenIens paX, neqVe DefICIet. j ^

DeEST ORDo PATRliE, HAVD InIeNS PRiESENTE fIt ANNO: ) _ .

rIserIt has geni-es paX, neqVe Convenient. j ^

Periander is supposed to write and vaticinate, at page 188 —
rrIgenIs MaLa, non Donans est frVgIfei
LiESERiT has gentes paX, neqVe fIet lis.
5T noVa proIICIenDa hIC sors, non DIXe]
ILICb paX : anCeps est, neq : CLara sat est.
lis fIet, neqVe paX gentes has rIserIt : annVs ) __ ^

VtILIa est Donans, non MaLa terrIgenIs. / ^^

The last couplet is a * retrograde ' of the first cduplet, with a change
of two of the words.

At page 189 we reach a most remarkable composition. The first
sixteen lines, it will be seen, are ordinary chronograms in hexameter
and pentameter verse, and if the writer had gone no further his per-
formance would call for no special remark ; but when the next sixteen
lines are carefully observed, the very words of the first sixteen lines,
with a very few small alterations, can be read in fairly good metre
in reversed order. They are printed as chronograms in the original,
but that need not be repeated here. The sense of the words, the
writer tells us, are just the opposite of the first set of verses. The
second set of lines are printed here in the ordinary manner. The
subject is concerning peace or war in Europe at the dates made by
chronograms.

324 POEM ATA VARIA— RETROGRADE VERSES,

VATICINIUM

SEU

CARMEN CHRONOG: DE PACE,
In oppositu sensu Retrogradum, pro anno 1633.

Opinio loquitur^ tdinam vera !

VatICInor bona, non beLLans hIC LabItVr annVs :

paCIfer est VenIens, non MaLa ContrIbVIt.
proVenIet atqVe paX gentes hIC rIserIt: anno

fIt pr«sente InIens, haVD PATRliE orDo Deest.
paX rata, neC fera faX assat pLena horrea: Cessant

tYMpana,^ neC CantVs fLat tVba terrICrepos.
terrIgenIs bona Dans est, non hos proterIt annVs :

proDerIt His VenIens paX, neqVe DefICIet.
agrICoLIs faVet, haVD frVCtVs hIs DestrVet annVs :

VoLVItVr hVC popVLIs paX, neqVe reIICItVr.
lis fIet neqVe paX gentes has DeserIt : annVs

frVgIfer It Labens, non MaL^ terrIgenIs.
EST sat CLara; neqVe est anCeps paX: ILIC6 fIet

DIXero, non sors hInC proIICIenDa retr6 est.
ContrIbVIt bona, non beLLans hIC LabItVr annVs :

paCIfer est VenIens, non MaLa VatICInor,

Suspicio respondety utinam falsa !
Vaticinor mala, non veniens est pacifer: annus

Labitnr hie bellans, non bona contribuit
Est retrb projicienda hinc sors, non dixero, fiet

Ilicb : Pax anceps est, neque clara sat est.
Terrigenis mal^, non labens it frugifer annus :

Deserit has gentes Pax, neque fiet lis.
Rejicitur, neque Pax populis hue volvitur : annus

Destruit his fructus, haud favet agricolis.
Deficiet, neque Pax veniens his proderit : annus

Proterit hos, non est dans bona terrigenis.
Terricrepos tuba flat cantus, nee tympana cessant :

Horrea plena assat fax fera, non rata Pax.
Deest ordo patriae, haud iniens praesente fit anno :

Riserat hie gentes Pax, neque proveniet.
Contribuit mala, non veniens est paeifer annus :

Labitur hie bellans, non bona vaticinor.

1633

'633

. =

1633

• =

1633

'633

> =

1633

. =

1633

* The letter v counts as 11 = 2.

* These two lines make only 1233, but it is so in the original.

A PANEGYRIC ON A DUKE OF BRUNSWICK
AND OTHER POETRY.

By JOHANNES REMPEN.

jOHN REMPEN was a professor of philosophy and
theology at the University ('Julia Academia') of
Helmstadt He has left for our admiration some
remarkable specimens of Latin verse in the metre of the
second Ode of Horace, with the first and second line
of each stanza in rhyme, and so likewise the third and fourth, and
all in chronogram ; the following are taken from * Nova Literaria
Germaniae,* a periodical published at Hamburg, vols, for 1706 and
1709. I am unable to find any separate work by Rempen in the
library of the British Museum. The panegyric ode is in honour of
Antonius Ulric, Duke of Brunswick, and is introduced to the reader
by the following line —

* En ver6 carmen integrum, benevole lector, hic redditum.'
Ipse sI pLeCtro Crepitans ebVrno
phcebVs eXCeLso saLIat CothVrno
NON erIt CantV, fIDIbVsqVe VIso

PAR PARaDISO.

atrII tersos VIrIDIs nItores,
et paVIMentI rVtILI VIrores
HORRET InCessV paVItante pressVs

strIngere oressVs
InDe se Vasta statIone LIbrat,

FRONTE PERT fVLgVR, RaDIoSQVe VIbRAT

portICVs, pVLChra CaVItate, fossIs

fVLta CoLossIs,

= 1704

1704

= 1704

326 ODE BY J, REMPEN,

eXCVbant ILLIC habItV VenVstI,
ET graVI ferro Crepitant onVstI
MartIs heroes, aLaCrIqVe fortes

ense Cohortes.
hInC In aVgVstos Iter est penates:
VersIbVs, nesCIt sVperare Vates, , _

spLenDeat qVaLI speCIe trabaLIs 1 ~ '^^^

aVLa DVCaLIs )

si sVa fornix faCIe patesCIt,
paLLas phcebI ChorVs obstVpesCIt,
HiGRET eLIngVIs, fVgIente Vena,

brVta CaMoena.
astabrI qVIDqVID, VeL ab arte rarI,
aVt peregrInI, pretIoqVe CLarI , __

FERT PATENS TERRiE gLobVS, hIC CORVsCaT, (" ~ '^^"^

astraqVe fVsCat,
rasILI spLenDent speCIosa tergo,
aVreI fLaVent LaterIs parergo,
ET JVbar fVnDVnt CaVa teCta pVrIs ( "~ '^^^

sCVLpta fIgVrTs.
ILLa qVIs sCIret CeLebrare DIgne
teCta qV-« sparso fLVItant In Igne, , _

aVt InaVratas rVtILo VenVstas ('"" ''^"^

ponDere CrVstas?
VItreo LVsV speCVLI JoCantIs

atqVe CrystaLLI Mare fLVCtVantIs ^ _

Innatat VIsV spatIante tota j "^ '^^"^

TRANS ASAROTA. I

atqVe sVb teCto reporItVr ILLo, \

qVIDqVID aptato sIbI penICILLo (_

ARS, ET InspersVs Labor, In tabeLLIs { ^*^^

pInXIt apeLLIs.
artIfeX qVIDqVID FABRlCiC perItVs,

ET styLo pICtor CeLebrI poLItVs ^_

tIngIt, ET pIngIt, poLIt, atqVe TORNAT, J ''°^

sCVLpIt ET ORNAT.

teXItVr qVIDqVID phrygIo Labors,
aVt fIgVratVr tyrIo CoLore,

hIC REPRiCSENTAT, SPECIe SERENA

aVLICa sCena.

pVgNA NATVRiE PATET hIC ET ARTIs,

LaVrVs est anCeps VtrIVsqVe partIs,

ET flagrant, pVra faCe, pVLChra MItIs j ^ ^

PRiELlA LItIs.

CeLsa sI VeLLet fVgItVrVs astra \

JVpIter CoeLI VarIare Castra, • (^__

atqVe natIVas raDIo DeCoras ( * ^

1-
}■

f
L

(

i
I
f

= 1704

!■

LInqVeret oras,

)

ODE BY J. REMPEN.

327

seDIbVs CceLI CVperet reLICtIs
aVreo LVXV, raDIIsqVe pICtIs,
HOSPBS In terrIs habItare taLI

In penetraLI.
Crypta, QViE tophIs rIget arCVata,
FossILIs neXV LapIDIs CaVata,
sVrgIt eLato LoCVpLes nItore,

DIgna stVpore.
hIC sVb aLgentI CaVItate LentI
sIbILant aLa reCreante VentI \
aC spVIt fonteM satIata VIVIs

fIstVLa rIVIs.
sl penetrantI faCe phcebVs VrIt,
hIC sVsVrrantI strepItV sCatVrIt
LyMpha, qV/e frangIt trVCVLentIores

SPARSA CaLoRES.

hIC tVbI rIVo saLIente rorant,
LVsIbVs raVCIs oCVLos soporant,
ET ferIt LyMph^e fLVItantIs aLtVs

ABRA SALtVs.

ET sVb ILLIVs Latebra pyL^eI
teMperat frIgVs LatICes LYiEl,
Vt sVb eXCIsa sapIant CaVerna

VIna faLekna.
haVsta sI fIbras CoqVIt hIppoCrene,
LIngVa VeL pLeCtrVM resonare pLene
AREAS fLeXV sInVante tortI

nesCIet hortI :
sVb CoLoratIs IbI pes VIretIs,
atqVe baCCatIs Meat arboretIS)
sVb qVIbVs pr-«bet genIaLe VeLLVs,

fLorea teLLVs.
hortVs haC non est regIone taLIs,
aVreIs tVrget generosa MaLIs,
frVCtIbVs fLaVens speCIeqVe gILVa

CItrIna syLVa.
CLara non taLI tVMVIt VIreto:
aVreIs etsI foLIIs repLeto
frVCtIbVs GLEBiE LoCVpLetIs Vsa

HESPERTH Vsa.
hortVs est VastVs spatIo patentI:
FONS IbI CLaret sCatebra reCentI,
atqVe peLLVCet VItreI profVnDa

VortICIs VnDa ;
hIC gerIt gLaVCa faCIe sVpInVs.
sCeptra neptVnVs, MarIs InqVILInVs,

TERGA BALiEN/E SPATIOSA LaSSANS,

LoraqVe qVassans;

= 1704

'= 1704

1704

= 1704

328

ODE BY J. REMPEN.

ET sVpra pIsCIs LatVs aDstrepentIs
torqVet aVsteros apICes trIDentIs,
ET TONAT, faVCIs saLIente rVCtV

bestIa fLVCtV.
sVrgIt eXCeLsa speCIosa fronte
InqVe sVffIXo reLeVata Monte
sCena parnassI, sCatebrIsqVe pronIs

fons heLIConIs;
In theatraLI soLIo NoVENiE,
aVreIs prostant CItharIs CaMcenjC,
ORBE QViE sVaVI sVa Castra CIngVnt ;

pLeCtraqVe strIngVnt;
eMInet phcebVs sCopVLosqVe strICtVs,
PEGAsI qVassat VoLItantIs ICtVs,
eLICIt saltans generosIores

VngVLa rores.
est In hortensI spatIo reCessVs
Inter angVstas Latebras repressVs,
atqVe fVnesta DoMVs, atra taXo,

ASPERA saXo:
Lar foCo sqVaLLet ten VI, speCVsqVe
horret e trophIs, hIeronyMVsqVe
CernItVr pLanCtV resonante LaVos

TERGERE NiEVoS :

TERROR hIC tVrbat : PRoCVL hInC soDaLIs,
HOSPES hIC nVLLVs, neqVe CongregaLIs;
EST Leo soLVs VIgIL, et CVplTiE

asteCLa VIt^. (sic.)

AST EGO qVaRE REFERO MInVtA ?

parVa CVr Canto ten VI CICVta ?
NON potest pLene CeLebrare tersVs

sIngVLa VersVs.
fILa sI phcebVs tereret LyrIsta,
NON satIs CLare CeLebrabIt Ista :
NAM sVVs pVnCto nItor est CVIqVe,

fVLgor VbIqVe,
pVLCher est AVLiE DeCor, atqVe gratVs,
ARTE pr/estantI patet apparatVs ;
pVLChrIor DVX est; rVtILantIore

CLaret honore.
sICVt eoI VIror VnIonIs
aVreIs aVget JVbar In CoronIs,
sIC ab VLrICo CapIt aMpLIores,

aVLa nItores.
si LatVs CLarI DVCIs aVLa CIngIt,
LenIs OS DVLCoR, graVItasqVe pIngIt:
OBVIiE frontIs rapIt IntVentes

gratIa gentes.

= • 1704

= 1704

• = 1704

= 1704

'= 1704

= 1704

ODE BY J. REMPEN.

3^9

proVehIt gressVs graVItas CatonIs,
Cor VIgor repLet sapIens pLatonIs,
estqVe JVs sCrVtans oCVLVs soLonIs

OS saLoMonIs.
GRATA MaIestas ferIt, obrVItqVe,
LenItas LlNoViE trahIt, abrIpItqVe:
spIrat In WLtV bonItas benIgna,

ET IoVe DIgna:
soL sVas Cristas phaLerat pyropIs,
LVCe qVas pVra satVrat sInopIs
NON taMen VInCIt, neqVe sVaVIore

aLLICIt ore.
soL es ANTONly VIbrat Vt DIana
pVLChra VIrtVtIs faCe IVLIana :
eXerIt strICtI raDIos nItorIs

HOLSATA ChLORIs.

aLba sors fVLsIt faCe nVptIaLI,
aC erat prasens thaLaMo JVgaLI,
Vos VbI teCto soCIaVIt Vno

pronVba JVno.
Instar aVror« sVbIt h^C DVCIssa,
neCte QViE pVLsa kebVLaqVe spIssa,
PER ROSAS pVLChrIs agItVr CabaLLIs,

CInCta CoraLLIs.
hanC BEAT VIrtVs, generIsqVe Dona:
eXtat e Larga soboLIs Corona,
et sVo frVCtV VIbrat, Vt DeCora

CoRPORE fLora.
qVotqVot hanC aVLaM proCeres honestant
gLorIa CLarent tItVLIsqVe prastant;
gentIs ILLVstrIs fLagrat In serenIs

pVrpVra VenIs.
ILLe graDIVI patrI«qVb fLos est,
fortIs In CVnCtIs habILIsqVe Dos est,
qVos honoratIs stVpet In paLa:strIs;

CIrCVs eqVestrIs:
qVo JVbAS FRfiNO properante gyrant,
strenVos aVsVs anIMosqVe spIrant:
DIVes ornatV resonat rotato

bVLLa LVpato:
LaVreas qVaMVIs tVLbrIt genIstas
JaCtItans heCtor rVbeasqVe CrIstas,
TERsIVs nesCIt phaLerIs sonora

VoLVerb Lora.
Inter hos AVLiE proCeres, serenos
eXerVnt VVLtVs, CharItVMqVe pLenos,
prInCIpes bInI, sIne Labe, totI

neCtare LotI :

= 1704

1704

= 1704

}■

= 1704

}■
I-

330 ODE BY J. REMPEN.

Cor eIs ferVet roseo VIgore,

bVLLIVnt Vena Vegeto CrVore; ._

fVLgVrant Inter proCerVM Coronas ( ' ^

CORPORE PRONASy

C-fiRVLI sICVt faCVLas theatrI

steLLa poLLVCIs soCIata fratrI . _

LVsTRAT, eX aVro raDIIsqVe faCta ^ ' ^

In CataphraCta.
Vos DVCes Charos sVperI foVete; \

ASTRA, NE CeSSET SOBOLeS, CaVeTE, ( _

NE It oCCasV neqVe sorte DVra, f

stIrps rVItVra. )

sIt faVens ather; VenIant nepotes,

qVos a VI VIrtVs beet atqVe Dotes, . _

In qVIbVs perstet CeLebrIs propago, ( ' ^

patrIs IMago:

IsTA stIrps nVLLa CaDat a rVIna

VeL seCVtVrI spatII rapIna: . _

In DeI fVLCro, VeLVt eLeVante ( '^

perstet atLante.

ANOTHER work by John Rempen is mentioned in 'Nova Literaria
Germanise ' for 1709, having this title —
' Oratio inauguralis de vera christiani hominis philosophia ad Dei
honorem et obsequium serenissimasque Domus Brunsuico-Lunebeiigics
gloriam,' etc. etc., recited by Johannes Rempen at the Julian Academy
at Helmstadt, on the i8th April, in the year thus indicated by hexa-
meter and pentameter verse —
ANNO qVo IVro sVb DogMate VIVere pVro,

optataqVe fVga spVrCa reLInqVo IVga. = 1709

Le. The year in which I swear io live under pure doctrine^ and with the
wished-for escape I abandon the foul yoke.

A LSO in the same volume is mentioned a publication by him, in
£\^ reference to the religious disputes of the period. * Programma
lectionibus philosophicis prsemissum.' It is dated by this verse —
anno qVo Vane styX fVnDIt fVLgVr Inane,

papatVsqVe Latrat, stVLtItIaMqVe patrat. = 1709

i^ The year when the river Styx vainly hurls an empty thunderbolt^
and the papacy barks and perpetrates folly .
Then follows this ode —
qVanDo sVb pAPiE IaCVI Catena,

HiERESiS SPVRCiE DoCVI Venena : . _

peste papaLI qVIa taCtVs VrsI, ( ' ^

toXICa sparsI.

}■

ODE, ETC., BY J, REMPEN.

331

AST IVgo papa MIsero soLVtVs,
spIrItVs sanCtI IVbar InseCVtVs,
HAREsIs trIta VoLo faLsa CVnCta

SPERNERE pVnCtA.

PAPA VentosIs satVrat CHlMifiRls;
fabVLIs nVLLa ratIone VerIs:
ChrIstVs est; CVIVs qVIa Verba Cerno

Cetera spbrno.
nVMInIs Leges qVIa sanCtIore
pVLsVs attaCtV profItebor ore,
eXeo papa proCVL eX ferIna

CarnIfICIna.
NON VoLo VanI speCVLator entIs,
In sChoLIs aVreM satVrare VentIs,
InqVb CentaVros et In hIrCoCerVos

strIngere nerVos.
Veritas posthaC erIt Vna CVra : ,

faLsItas Cessst proCVL hInC fVtVra,
nata qV/s sVrgIt stygII parentis

eX eLeMentIs.
sCIrb sI qVarIs, DeVs est perIta
paLLaDIs reCtor, fLWIVsqVe VIta :
sl Cor et fIbras saCbr IgnIs VrIt,

IsTE sCatVrIt.
hVnC VbI nbsCIs, Labor est InanIs:
arte LassarIs stVDIIsqVe VanIs:
ILLa DIsparent fVLgItVra, nVLLa,

nIL nIsI bVLLa.
CLara faX soLVs DeVs est, CorVsCa
LVCe sCIntILLans, VbI noCte fVsCa
HAREsIs sqVaLLbt, tenebratqVb terror,

orCVs et error.
LbX DeI LVX est; ea fLagrat Vna,
CLara pr/s steLLIs nIVeaqVe LVna:
ILLa CreDbntes praIt In petIt/s

atrIa VIta.
ChrIstb tV pVLChra CynosVra LVCIs,
noCte qVI CaCos VenIente DVCIs,
proqVe peCCato LVIs Ipse nostro

• sangVInIs ostro.

MsntIs obtrV&a Chaos IntVere :
Da tVI fVLgVr IVbarIs nItere:
InqVb papatVs tenebrIs stVpentes

InstrVe gentes.
Ad Deum hoc habet epiphonema ;

qVo fVngar MVnVs fortVnet trInVs et VnVs:
sl DeVs Ipse faVet, nIL Cor ab hoste paVet.

= 1709

.= 1709

= 1709

'= 1709

1709

332 ODE, ETC., BY J. REMPEN.

Ad serenissiraum Domum Brunsvico Luneburgicam ;

CVM LaVro VIVIs stIrps ILLVstretVr oLIVIs:
neC sCIat VLLa patI fata, VeL hoste qVatL
Ad Principum Aulas Ministros ;

Vos MIhI faVIstIs, tVteLaqVe fIXo fVIstIs:
obskqVIosVs ero, Cor sIne fraVDe gbro.
Ad academias Pro-Rectorem ;

fers tItVLos Veros soLIDIs VIrtVtIbVs heros :
£s VInDeX LegIs, sIDVs honosqVe gregIs.
Ad CoUegas ;

si paX nos VnIt, IVnCto gViB fceDere MVnIt;
frVstra tVrbo ferIt : IVLIa tVrrIs erIt.
Ad cives Academicos ;

VIVIte Vos fLoresI gViBRlT Mens fLorea rores
IVLIa rIWs erIt, qVI VaDa pVra gerIt.
Ad Sonnemannum et alios in Papatu obtrectatores ;
PER DIVos IVro, non Vestra tonItrVa CVro
eXososqve Mares, VosqVb, stygIsqVe Lares.
Observe the change of metre in the last seven couplets, which may
be classed as ' Rithmid retrogradi,' one of the conceits of the Middle-
age writers. The ancient Latin poets did not use rhyma Rempen
has added that feature to metre of Horace which he has imitated in
the foregoing odes, thus giving an agreeable flow to his words.

A PUBLICATION is mentioned in the volume for 1709 of *Nova
Literaria Germanise,' as edited by John Rempen, ' Theatrum
evangelicae veritatis,' apparently devoted to disputations respecting
the papacy and subtleties of theology; with an engraving of the
author's portrait thus inscribed, 'Johannes Rempen ex persecutore
veritatis evangelicae sanioris doctrinae in academia Julia Helmstadii
professor.
papatVs noX est; IbI PAPiB non nIsI VoX est;

faX nItet orta MeI LbX speCIosa DeI. = 1708

Le, Hu papacy is night; nothing is there but the voice of the Pope; a
light has arisen and shines, the beautiful law of my God.

1709

THE REFORMERS.

HE Reformation is the name generally given to the great
schism which took place in the Western Church in the
first half of the sixteenth century, and by which, as it
is said, one-fourth of the population of Europe has
become separated from the Church of Rome. The
movement may be traced so far back as the time of Charlemagne
(A.D. 742-814), when Paulinus, bishop of Aquileia, employed his voice
and pen to accomplish a reformation of the Church ; but the principal
eras of the Reformation were — In England (Wickliffe), 1360;
Bohemia (Huss), 14OS ; Germany (Luther), 1517; Switzerland
(Zwingli), 1519; Denmark, 1521; Prussia, 1527; France (Calvin),
1529, when the appellation 'Protestants' was first used; Sweden
(Petri), 1530; England (Henry vill., Cranmer, Bucer, etc.), 1547;
Ireland (Archbishop G. Browne), 1535; Scotland (Knox), 1560;
Netherlands, 1562. Other celebrated names rank among the principal
reformers, but, so far as chronograms have been used to illustrate
this period of European history, our view of it is directed to the
names of Huss, Zwingli, Luther, and Calvin, and some others who
promoted the Reformation without acquiring with them equal
historical notoriety.

John Huss, the reformer, was bom at Hussinatz, in Bohemia,
about 1370 ; he was burnt as a heretic at Constance on 7th July 1415.
This chronogram was made by Joseph k Pinu about 1590^ /

IgnIs Corpora saCra saCrI ConsVMpskrat hVssII. = 1415

POST hVssVM CceCo CICnVs In orbb CanIt. = 1518

t\e. 77u fire had consumed the sacred body of the sacred Huss. — After
Huss a swan sings in a blind world.

This is in allusion to the historical narrative which says that whilst
he was buming he exclaimed, 'To^y you are burning a goose
(Huss), a hundred years hence a swan will come, which you will not
be able to roast ;' a sort of pun on the word ' cygnus,' qucui Cinglius, a

334 THE REFORMERS— HUSS, ZWINGLL

Latin form of the name Zwingli, who was not burnt, but killed in
battle, as a chronogram will presently indicate. At the date of the
second line, 1518, Zwingli was eminent and bold in his preaching,
and so likewise was Luther, to whom the prediction has been sup-
posed to apply; it may therefore allude to both, though the pun makes
it more pertinent ta Zwingli.

Another relating to Huss — la

Bis qVarta ILLVXIt MensIs qVIntILIs, Vt hVssVs I

ConstantI Constans VstVs In Vrbe pkrIt. j ^ ^

ue. The month of July broke on its eighth day^ when the constant Huss
perishes by burning at the city of Constance.

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

IJlrich Zuingll, the Swiss reformer; a medal represents his
portrait, inscribed, ' Imago Huldrichi Zuinglii setatis ejus 45,' and this
chronogram —
HELVExIiE zuIngLI DoCtor pastorqVe CeLebrIs /

VnDena oCtobrIs passVs In .«thra VoLas. = 1531

i>. O Zwingky thou celebrated doctor and pastor of Switzerland^ having
suffered on the eleventh day of October^ thoufliest to heaven.

He was killed at the battle of Cappel, near Zurich, and the next
day his body was found under the heaps of the slain ; the circum-
stance is expressed in this chronogram, made by Joseph k Pinu, circa

1590—

oCCVbVIt patrIo beLLator CIngLIVs ense, /

ET PRESSA EST ARMIs GENS POPVLoSA sVIs. = 1531

i,e. The warrior Zwingle died by his country s sword^ and the mob
pressed upon him with its otvn arms.

A medal, bearing his portrait, struck on the occasion of a com-
memorative religious festival, is thus dated —
MagIster hVLDrICVs zVIngLI. = 17 19

The reverse bears this inscription only —

Luce evangelii duob: ssecul: pure conservata vota publica
Christo decreta. Tig: Cal. laa mdccxix.
i,e. The light of the Gospel having been preserved purely for two centuries
this public offering to Christ is decreed at Zurich^ \st January 17 19.

BUCER, ERASMUS, MELANCHTHON, ZISKA. 335

Martin Bucer, the German reformer; he came to England
and occupied a prominent position in theology ; he died at Cambridge
in February 1551, and was buried in St Mary's Church there. His
remains were dug up and burnt by the Romanizing party in 1556.
His condemnation was reversed in 1560. Chronogram by Joseph k
Pinu—

CVrrIt Vt obLIqVo per pIsCes traMIte phcebVs la

bVCerVs feLIX regna sVperna CapIt. = 1551

Le, When Phcdms runs through the oblique path of the sign Pisces
{February), the happy Bucer reaches the realms above.

Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam, died 1536, age 71—
LVsTRA peraCta VbI bIs septena reCenset erasMVs,

LVCIfera e terrIs CessIt In astra seneX. = 1536

i.e. When Erasmus reckons up twice seven lustra, the old man departed
from earth to the bright stars.

Another, made by Lewin Goethals, alias Lse^us Panagathus of
Ghent—

orbIs gLorIa totIVs, deCVsqVe, hoC qVIesCIt erasMVs In Db
sepVLChro. = 1536

i.e. The glory and ornament of the whole world, Erasmus, reposes in
this tomb. The d is not counted.

Philip Melanchthon, or Melanthon, died in 1560; he was
associated with Luther in drawing up the Augsburg Confession —
pVbLICa res VIrtVtIs hongs, eCCLesIa VIVaX I

LVget In InterItV, Magne phILIppe tVo. 5= 1560

i.e. The state, morals, religion, lament thy death, O renowned Philip.

Johann Trocznov Ziska, bom 1360, died 1424. In a
volume of tracts in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, is one with this
title, ' Lacrumae Bohemicss, etc.,' of the Academia Carolina at Prague,
concerning the Hussite reformation movement, and Zisca the military
leader in the religious wars which at the time desolated Bohemia ; he
continued his victorious career till his death in 1424. The struggle of
the leading factions continued until the final defeat of the puritanical
forces on the 8th November 1620, at the White-hill, in the vicinity of
Prague. Ziska was a true enthusiast in the cause, and worked under
singular difficulties, being blind, through accident. The title to the
tract states, ' Auctore Samuele Martino, Bohemo. (Pastor) Franekrse,
1625.'

336 THE REFORMERS— ZISCA, HILTENIVS.

* Annus obitus sui hoc chronodisticho comprehenditur ' —
zIsCa potens beLLo heros aCer, et hostIbVs horror,
NON aCIe fVsVs, peste pereMptVs obIt. = 1424

— ^VEL. —

peste pereMptVs obIt, non atro VICtVs ab hoste,

zIsCa potens beLLo fortIs et aCer eqVes. = 1424

ut. Zisca^ powerful in war^ a brave hero^ and the terror of the enemy y
not slain in battle; he died cut off by pestilence.

Cut off by pestilence^ he died unconquered by the malicious enemy ^
Zisca the powerful in war^ the brave soldier.

Johannes Hiltenius is mentioned in a book (British Museum,
press-mark 173 d. 8), ' C. F. Paullini rerum et antiquitatum Germani-
carum syntagma.' Frankfort, 1698. 4^ < Annales Icenacenses/ ^ a
memoir, states that he was a Franciscan monk, author of works on the
prophecies of Daniel, the Apocalypse, and the Augsburg Confession,
and was imprisoned for somethinjg he had done, said, or written,
obnoxious to the existing authorities. He died, * circa exodum
sseculi XV.'' He foretold, saying, ' But another will come in 15 16, who
will destroy them, and ye will be unable to resist him.'* 'In the
year 15 16 will be the reformation of the cle^; and in thirty years
after will be the reign of Christ, — in a short time will be a change of
religion by which the preceding one will be abolished. In 15 16 a hero
will come who will attack you monks fiercely, and against whom ye
will not dare to open your mouths.' * In i6oq the Turks will prevail
in Germany and Italy, etc. That his monastery and the cemetery in
which he should be buried would become a green garden,* He fore-
told Luther also under the allegorical figure of a lion.

A monument was put up to his memory about 1698, or a little
earlier, and the rector 'scholae nostrse ' wrote the following verses and
inscription —

Johanni Hiltenio monacho Franciscano, propter confessionem evan-
gelical et refutationem pontificise religionis a fratribus A"" mccccxcvi.
in carcerem conjecto, in eoque vita defuncto.

Duo vaticinia Johannis Hiltenii ; unum,
Exsurget heros, qui vos monachos adorietur acriter, contra quem ne
hiscere quidem audebitis.

Alterum — Anno mdc mundus verberabitur gladio Mahometico
vehementer.

Cenotaphium.
Hiltenii patris Monachi simul atque prophetas
Non procul hie recubant ossa sepulta loco.

^ Eisnach, where Luther studied. See last chronogram on next page.
' He died, as appears by the inscription, in 1496, in prison.
' That is, Luther, and the Reformation.

THE REFORMERS^HILTENIUS, LUTHER. 337

Qui ciim voce Dei, Fratrum taxiiat abusus,

Pectore contendens vivere justa fide.
Careens enectus tandem squallore fameque,

Moesta Prophetarum praemia more tulit
Sed prius appellans ad Christi voce tribunal,

C&m peragenda, Deo Judice, causa foret
teMpora prInCIpII CeCInIt tVnC pLana LVtherI = 1517

Signaque supremum dans praeitura diem.
ItaI^ regna statIM VICtorI et teVtona xVRCiE ) _ ,

sVCCVbItVra, pIIs VatICInatVs, aIt: / - ^^^^

Prima quod evenit prs&dictio vera, fateris ;
Altera ne fiat vera, precare Deum.
/>. (As to the chronograms) He sung then of the distinct times of the prin-
ciples of Luiher^ atid giving signs that should precede the last day. He says^
prophesying to thepious^ the Italian and Teutonic kingdoms shall presently
fall beneath the victorious Turk,^ You will confess that the first predic-
tion has truly came to pass; that the other may not become true^ pray God,

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Martin Luther the German reformer was bom at Eisleben in
Saxony, loth November 1483, and died there 17th February 1546.

A medal commemorating his birth, and also the one concerning
his death which will be found towards the end of the series, liken him
to the prophet Elijah — ^

LVtherVs theoLogVs In saXonIa, VIr pIVs, et eLIas, VLtIMI Ab
seCVLI, natVs est IsLebII, VIVaX et fortIs. = 1483

i,e, Luthery theologian in Sctxony^ a pious man^ and the Elijah of the
latter days^ was bom at Eisleben^ energetic and powerful.

The year of his birth —
natVs es IsLebII DIVIne propheta LVthere: la

reLLIgIo fVLget te DVCe, papa IaCet. = 1483

i>. Thou art bom O prophet Luther at Eisleben : religion flourishes
thou being the leader^ the Pope lies low.

The year in which he first devoted himself to learning at Magdeburg —
MoX pVer ausonIo nVtrIrI CcepIt In antro, /

hIC VbI VIrgIneos CIrCVIt aLbIs agros. = 1497

i,e. By and by he began to be nourished in the Ausonian cave^ here where
the river Elbe surrounds the virgin {f) fields.

The year in which he studied at Eisnach —
reCtIVs In stVDIIs IsenaCI peroIt honestIs, /

eXCItVs InsIgnI DeXterItate sChoLa. =s 1498

i,e. He proceeds further in knowledge ^ in honourable studies at Eisnach^
stimulated by the remarkable ability of the school,

I The Turks held part of Hungary for 150 years, until expelled through the conquest of
Charles vi. in 171 7. See pp. 159-162, ante.

' See third dironogram on p. 339, and fifth on p. 340, infra,

2 U

338 THE REFORMERS— LUTHER.

The year in which he betook himself to Erfurt —
TRANSIT erfVrto VIVas heLIConIs aD VnDas, /

Vt noVa LeVCorea sVrgIt In Vrbe sChoLa. = 1501

ue. He passes to the living waters of Helicon at Effurt^ as the new
school rises in the city of Wittenburg.

The year of his degree of Master of Philosophy —
erfVrtI IWenIs tItVLos CapIt Vrbe MagIstrI; la

LVSTRA sViE iETATiS QVaTTVoR aCtA CoLeNS. = 1503

i.e. As a young man he takes his degree of Master at Effurt^ hearing
passed four lustra (20 years) of his age.

The year he became a monk —
Vana sVperstItIo CorpVs IWenILe CVCVLLo la

ornat: id ante tIbI fraVDI age papa fVIt. = 1504

Le, Vain superstition^ he adorns his youthful body with a cowl; come
now O Pope^ all this wcu a cheett on thee.

The year of his profession at Wittenberg —
MIttItVr aLbIorIn, ChrIsto aVXILIante, LVtherVs; la

qVantVs erat Vates, gLorIa qVanta sCHoLfi. = 1508

i,e. Luther is sent to ^ Albiorin^ by the help of Christ; whai a prophet
he was, how great was the glory of that school.

The year of his degree of Doctor, and going to Rome —
staVpItI est IVssV tItVLos DoCtorIs aDeptVs; la

Vt trVCIs ItaLI^ VenIt ab Vrbe LVpI. = 1511

i.e. By the command of Staupitz he took the title of doctor; when he
came from the city of the fierce wolf of Italy (Rome). Johann Staupits
was dean of the faculty of theology at Wittenberg.

The year of his installation in religion —
reLLIgIonIs opVs Cceno eXtrahIs, aVspICe ChrIsto; la

VeraX o DeXtro nIXe LVthere Deo. = 15 17

i.e. Thou rescuest the work of religion from the mire, Christ being thy
guide; O true Luther relying upon God at thy right hand. %

The year of his confession before Cardinal Cajetan —
aVgVsta ChrIstVM profItetVr In Vrbe LVtherVs; la

NGN CVrans WLtVs, PRiEsVL aCerbb, tVos. =5 15x8

le. Luther professes Christ in the city of Strasburg; not caring^ O bitjler
bishop, for thy hostile looks.

The year of his disputations at Leipzig —
eCCIVs est IVstI VICtVs VIrtVte LVtherI; la

DIspVtat Vt IVLII, LIpsIa In Vrbe, DIe. * 1519

i.e. Ecchius was foiled by the valour of the just Luther, when diluting
on a day in July at the city of Leipzig.

The year of the burning of the canon4aw— ^
IgnIbVs InfestIs DeCreta papIstICa toLLbns, /

pontIpICI qVa sIt p(ena parata DoCet. » 1520

i.e. Taking away the papal decrees with hostUe fires, he teaches whai
punishment is prepared for the Pope.

The year of his confession at the city of Worms. A medal is
inscribed, 'beatus venter qui te portavit ;' and—

THE REFORMERSr-LUTHER, 339

CiESARlS ANTE PEDeS, PROCeRES STETIt ANTE POTENTES la

aCCoLa qVA rhenI VangIo LIttVs aDIt. =s 152 i

i.e. Before the feet of the emperor^ before powerful princes he stood^ where
the city of Worms is neighbour to the shore of the Rhine,

Luther was declared to be excommunicated^ and in 152 1 was
sentenced to be imprisoned by the Diet of Worms, through liie influ-
ence of the Emperor Charles v. The edict, however, could not be
enforced ; he returned to Wittenberg as the acknowledged leader of
the Reformation, to allay by his presence the popular fanaticism. A
medal commemorates the movement, and bears this inscription,
'Doctor Martinus Lutherus reversus ex Pathmo/ i,e. Doctor M.
Luther returned from Patmos (meaning a place of exile) ; and the
date is expressed by this chronogram verse —
A RHENO properans CapItVr BENE ConsCIa pathMI, Ab

teCta papa fVgIens retIa strVCta petIt. = 1521

ix. Hastening from the Rhine he is taken^ he seeks the friendly roof of
FatmoSy escaping the spread nets of the Pope.

The year of his exile at * Patmos.' A book by C. F. Paullinus,
already quoted at page 336, mentions that certain repairs were done
to a building at Wartburg, where Luther had been concealed in refuge ;
and, 'hos versus inscribi curavit M. Nicol: Rebhan, antistes Isna-
censis ' —
Tertius Elias en ! Teutoniaeque, propheta

Lutenis, quondam Vangionum urbe redux.
Pontifids propter minas, et Csesaris iram.

Hie velut in Pathmo conditur exffl inops.
CarLstaDII OB fVrIas aD saXona teCta reCVrrIt,

faVCIbVs eX SiEVIs rVrsVs oVesqVe rapIt. = 1522

Vile licet, claret meritb tamen hospite tanto,

Claustrum hoc, quod Isetus, Lector amice, vide.
ue. Behold the third Elijah^ and the prophet of Germany ^ Luther^ once
having returned from the city of Worms. On account of the Pop^s
threats and the Emperor^ s wrath^ he is here, as it were in Patmos, con-
cealed as a poor exile. On account of the furies of Carls tadt he returns
to a Saxon dwelling, and again snatches the sheep from the savage jaws.
Although this be a vile prison, yet it is rendered illustrious by such a
guest^ which^ O friendly reader, do thou behold with joy.

Luther was there from 4th May 1521 to 6th March 1552.
The year of his marriage, and the sedition of the peasants —
BbDItIo AORlCoLiB ferro est restInCta potentI; Ja

fceDera ConIVgII Casta LVtherVs InIt. =£ 1525

ie. The sedition of the peasants wasputdovm by the powerful sword ;
Luther enters into the pure bond of matrimony.

The year of Assembly of reformers at Marburg —
MarpVrgI Ccena ChrIstI ferIt aCrIter hostes; la

STABAT Vt a SiEVIs CInCtA VIENNA GETIs. = 1529

i,e. The supper ^the Sacrament^ at Marburg strikes fiercely the enemies
cf Christ; when Vienna stood surrounded by the fierce * Geta!

340 THE REFORMERS— LUTHER.

The year of the Confession presented at Augsburg, in the time of
Charles v., Emperor —

AVoVsTiE statIbVs fIDeI proposIta CVnCtIs la

CoNFESsIo est; ChrIstI gLorIa L^tta reDIt. = 1530

%.e. The Confession of Faith is presented to all the states at Augsburg;
the joyful glory of Christ returns.

The year of his being at Smalcald —
VICInVs MortI ChrIsto reparante, resVrgIt, /

hIC VbI prInCIpIbVs paCta stetere pIIs. = 153?

i,e. Being near to deaths Christ restoring him^ here where a compact was
made by pious princes^ alluding to the treaty of Smalcald between the
Protestant Princes of Germany, 31st December 1530. The Emperor
Charles v. having delayed his adhesion thereto, and then fearing that
the Kings of France and England would join this league, signed the
treaty at Niimberg in July 1532, allowing liberty of conscience.

Medal on the death of Luther, bears his portrait, and is thus
dated —
eCCe nVnC MorItVr IVstVs In paCe ChrIstI eXItV tVto Ab

ET BEATO. = 1546

i,e. Behold now a just man dies in the peace of Christy with a sirfe and
happy end.

Another medal has this verse date —
NONA bIs obsCVro LVX febrVa: ConsItIt ortV Ab

In patrIo Vt MorerIs CLare LVthere soLo, = 1546

i,e. Twice the ninth day of February had barely dawned^ as^ O illustri-
ous Luther, thou diest on thy native soU/ fiid this further inscription —
' In manus tuas commendo spiritum meum, redimisti me Deus
veritatis.'

On the death of Luther, by Joan: Stigelius —
fortIs et eXtreM^ VeraX .statIs heLIIas la

CeLsa pIVs CceLI teCta LVtherVs habet. = 1546

i.e. The bold and true Elijah of this latter day^ the pious Luther, has
gained the lofty abode of heaven.

Another, by Adam Siber —
qVa genVIt, rapVIt te sanCte IsLeba LVthere; la

CceLo anIMVs frVItVr; LeVCorIs ossa tenet. = 1546

i.e. Eisleben which produced thee, has taken thee away, O holy Luther;
thy soul enjoys heaven; Wittenberg holds thy bones.

Medal on a Jubilee Festival, exhibits Luther's portrait; he holds a
book on his breast marked v . d . m . i . ^ . meaning, Verbum Domini
manet in aetemum, and this chronogram — He

MartInVs LVtherVs theoLogI^ DoCtor. = 17 17

i,e. Martin Luther, doctor of theology. -^The word of the Lord endureth
for ever.

GOTT VerMehr zV seIner ehr, DoCtor LVthers reIne He
Lehr. = 1717

i.e. May God increcKe,for his honour's sake, the pure teaching of Doctor
Luther.

THE REFORMERS— LUTHER, 341

Another, represents a palm-tree growing by a river —
FoLIVM eIVs neC DefLVbt . in mem : jvb . ev . sec . d . 31 . He
OCT. = 1717

i,e. His leaf also shall not wither. Psalm i. 3.

' In memoriam juHlai evangelici secundi, 3 1 Oct!

Medal on the jubilee at Goslar — Hd

Vt gosen qVonDaM parIter gosLarIa LVCet. = 171 7

nVn DanCket gott Das bIs anher geDaVret hat LVtherI

Lehr. = 1717

Le. As once Goshen so now Goslar shines.

Now thank God that so far the doctrine of Luther has continued.

Another represents a tower with a beacon, a ship in the distance,
and these inscriptions — He

Vt tVrrIs LVMen Das toto regIa CoeLo. = 171 7

i,e. As a royal tower thou givest light to the entire heavens,
IobILaeo LVtheranorVM seCVnDo . d . 31 . got. = 17 17

i.e. To the second Jubilee of the Lutherans^ ^ist October,

A medal represents a view of Eisleben, inscribed — A

eCCe sVper te orIetVr DoMInVs. = 1717

aLter post eMenData saCra annVs IVBlLiEVs. = 1 71 7

i,e, Beholdy the Lord shaU arise over thee, — The second jubilee after the
emendation of the sacred rites,

A jubilee medal is inscribed — Hd

MartInVs LVtherVs THEoLooIiE DoCtor = 17 1 7

aeternVM Verbo ChrIstI DeCVs. = 1717

i,e. The eternal ornament to the word of Christ,

Another medal to Luther bears the device, a Bible and a candle
on a table, with the name Jehovah in radiance above —
DeIn gottLIChs Wort Das heLLe LICht He

Las Ia beI Vns aVsLosChen nICht. £= 1726

i,e. Thy divine word^ this bright l^hty do not thou permit to be extin-
guished in us,

A medal to commemorate an event which it does not explain,
having reference to Luther ; this a translation of one inscription, * So
put me, O God, at the place where Luther before published his word.'
The other inscription is — G

seIt getrost ICh Der herr bIn MIt eVCh. = 1709

i,e. Be comforted^ I the Lord am with you.

John Calvin, bom 1509, died 1564. I have not met with any
medals to commemorate him, nor any chronograms to celebrate his
fame, but in another sense the chronogram makers have not forgotten
him, as will appear from what follows.

A rare book (British Museum, press-mark 1213. h. 13), 'Posthuma
Calvini stigma in tria Lilia, sive tres libros dispertitum. A rhetoribus
CoUegii Societatis Jesu Bruxellis, Anno 161 1.' 8^

342 THE REFORMERS— CALVIN.

* Cum consensu Superiorum.'
On the opposite fly-leaf this note is written in pencil — * A collec-
tion of most bitter and violent poems against the celebrated reformer
Calvia They were penned by the Jesuits of Brussels, and it is not a
little curious to observe the various ways and methods they have
taken to defame their great opponent'

I have selected only the du'onograms, omitting all the other parts
of the subject ; this of necessity breaks the continuity of the compo-
sition and its general efifect and purport. The chronograms make
1611, the date of the book.

Passing over one hundred pages of Latin poetry in the first Book,
and sixty-seven pages of poetry, logogryphs, acrostics, echo-verses,
etc, in the second Book, we reach the first chronogram at page 168 —

De Calvino Triplex chronicon.^
MorDaC CVnCto DIstrIngI CarMIn CaLW ) 16 11

Is, TBS > 1611

eXCItat n tanto et DoCb Ips DoLo ) 1611

= 4333
At page 172 —

Nunc in Junto Calvinus stigma habebit.
Duplex chronicon.

CanCer Inoffenso CaLVInI Dorsa notabIt ) 16 11

stIgMate; LICtorIs sCVrra preCatVr opeM. / 161 1

= 3222
The third Book pursues the line of satire and invective in the
same, and if possible greater, variety of fona At page 196 are some
verses about the ' Supper of Calvin,' concluding with this

Chronicon duplex in Ccenam Calvini.
spVrCa per aMbages Dant Vrbe reportIa pestes; =» 1611

Mensa Venenatas ContInet Vsta Dapes. » i6ii

At page 201, some echo-verses on the same subject terminate with
this • Chronicon ' —

VnDe Ccena VerMInosa? as 161 1

Anagramma.^
Epulum Calvinianum
Nam cani vulpem alui ?
At page 210 the Jesuits continue to indulge in the most un-
becoming language, seeming to emulate each other in coarseness

^ This is a soit of puzxle, called a Lo^ogryph. a net of words, and it is the only instance
I know of its combination with dironogrun ; it is also a hexameter and pentameter vene ;
the letters of the intermediate line are Uie terminations of the words immediately above and
below them. The letter I in the middle line^ must also be counted in the first and third
to make up the total of the chronogram.

s This anagram is imperfect as to one letter « in the first line, and one a fai tlie second.
The allusion is obscure.

THR REFORMBRSr^CALVIN. 343

of expression, and (to quote the words on the title-page) with the
consent of the Superiors of their Order. The following chronograms
are but a mild specimen of their language ; each one is signed with
the name of its composer :-^

Variae quae Calvino attribuuntur Chronica anni x6ii, sine
metro fere omnia.

IMperator hceDVs faCtVs est. = 1611

IMpVrVs sCortator aDest, || Vt Capra IMpVDens. s= | ^^"

o DeVs! MVtata peLLIs! =s 161 i

porCorVM InDVperator. = 161 1

Dat ManVs, hIrCVs. = 161 1

hIC neqVaM hceDVs est. s= 161 i

aDsVM hIrCVs. = 161 1

XSignei) Henricus Fourier Hubertensis.

sVs B(eotICa aDsVM. =» 161 1

heVs CVr te DeMentIa tenet? = i6ii

hoeDVs VIres Cernat Meas. s= 161 i

CorVe asInVM roDes? a 161 1

hIC MorDaX. = 161 1

hIC MenDaX. =5 t6ii

CorpVs DoMant, qVIa || bVboneM DIsCerpVnt. = | J^JJ

fraVDVM fabricator. =5 161 1

orCVs MVnDL = 161 1

loannes de Bast Hallensis.

MVrCIDVs. =s 161 1

CaWIn DRoMa =c 161 1

heVs asInorVM DoCtor. = 161 1

fraVDes aMat hIrCVs. = 161 1

hIC DeI InfestIssIMVs hostIs. =: 161 1

DeCeptor oVIVM. as i6n

Henricus Fourier Hubertensis.

pVrVLenta idea CaLVInVM eDoMat. / J^JJ

ss 3222

o qVanta VerMIbVs sagIma Manet t en DeCoCta pVTREDa | J^"

ss 322a

sVs pICeM DboVstat. = 16 11

Petrus Spoumeus Fontensis.

heI spVrCat hceDVs orbeM I » 161 1

ET fceDVs hIrCVs orbeMI =s 161 1

DaMnat, poLLVItqVe = 161 1

NON taCta fana DIWM. =1611

344 THE REFORMERS— CALVIN.

CaWIn DogMa, II stygeMqVe reCVnDIt. = { leii
Calvinus vult dici magnus Propheta.

Vis dici vates, Diviim vis dicier Orpheus ;
Plaude ; tui poteris voce movere stygem.
Chronicon.

Vt asInVs aD CytharaM, = 1611

rVDIt, rsfbrt aseLLVM. = 161 1

tVrbIDVM Chaos. = 161 1

DaMnosa IVra CVrat. = 161 1
EFFERA roDentes CVpIt heV fera roDere Dentes = 161 1

6 qVaM Dens proprIo neC bene sanVs hero! = 161 1

DoRSO efferato en VLMeas gerIt svLVas: = 161 1

syLVa sbD In pcenas posthVMa Lora feret. = 161 1

MIrMILLo noCWs, pVDenDVs orbe.

haVD paCeM VnIVersa terra Vehet, seD pICeM. = 161 1

Carol Werpaeus Leodius.

ConDet qVDrata rotVnDIs. = 161 1

hIC sVs seMper gaVDet. = 161 1

EN CcenaM roDIt VstVs. = i6n

peCVDVM genItor. = 161 1

Phillippus de Bucq Louvainensis.

Caper tVMIDVs. = t6ii

porCa sVbat, tetraqVe sVes; spIraMen aDharet: ) 161 1

SPARSA VENENATQ TERRA MaDORE IaCeT. j l6ll

= 3222

Lucas vander Hagen BruxelL
At pp. 212-2 1 6 the same bad language abounds, but not in the
form of chronogram; then follow some verses having this title,
' Ranae e limo sine pedibus enascuntur; Calvini fratres sine bonis
operibus \ voluptate generantur/ concluding at page 217 with this —

Chronicon.

VI nIgra CVDVntVr CaLVInI LILIa tergo, I _ ^

VIrgInIs Vt phcebVs Castra pVDICa sVbIt. / - ion
Carolus Werpaeus Leodius.
Chronicon duplex.
phcebVs anheLantes taDA persorbet aMores; ) 161 1

PRO Veneris Dono stIgMata CaLWs hab^t. j 1611

= 3222

Chronicon.
FHgbbVs IneXhaVstas VenerIs sVbVertIt habenas ; ) ^

pro Dono VenerIs stIgMata WLtVr agIt. j "" '°^'

Johannes Matthsei Sonegiensis.

THE REFORMER&-^CALVIN. 345

In Calvinum aegnim.

Omnes Calvinum quondam invis^re propolse :

O stulti morbum creditis ? ipsa gula est

Chronicon.

CaVpo goMorrileVs reDIt. = 161 1

Aliud.
FoLLIs tartatorVM DVrat. = 161 1

Chronicon.
DoRso tVo, Dorso tVo ) — 6

PCENA granDIs Consonet. j "" '

Lambertus k Tilia Leodius.
AHud.
MIseranDe Verna te CVras? = 161 1

Aliud.
CERxk tV pneVMa DeI tenes. = i6n

Aliud.
neMpe hIC sVDat Vates. = 161 1

Servatius la Fosse Leodius.
At page 221 is the following —

Chronographica.
E DIte oLLa VaporVM natat. = 161 1

LVrIDa Lerna probrorVM. = 161 1

aCheronta MVnDo VehIt. = 161 1

hIrCVMVenDo; = 161 1

seD qVIs hVnC eMet? = 161 1

Followed by some lines, with the titles — * Culina Calvin/
and * De venere Calvini et stigmata/ and signed—

Ludbvictts Peneranda Coloniensis.
At page 224 is the following— Dialogismus inter Calvinum,
et tortorem per Chronographica Anni 161 1.

torMenta CarnIfeX, aDfert. s= 161 i

CaWIn MoDeste se habet; = 161 1

DoCtor In VenereM propensVs. = 161 1

Tortor.
aDhVC tV MorarIs? = 161 1

CrVDa MererIs Verbera, = 161 1

Calvinus.
sVM GRAVIS DoCtor. = 161 1

Tortor.
qVID DoCtor? raptor horrenDVs. = i6ii

Calvinus.
DaMnor, Verberor, torqVeor, InnoCens. = 161 1

Tortor.
DaMnatVs tV InnoCens? = 16 11

qVID neqVaM? noCens es. =1611

2 X

346 THE REFORMERS— CALVIN.

Calviniis.

qVID Vsrberor? torMenta Cessknt. = 1611

Tortor.

EN CaWIn tabo MaDet, " = 161 1

DoCtorVM antesIgnanVs : =1611

ET DIWM reCtor. = 161 1

ISTA CRVMENiE TViE EST DoS, = 161I

tV DoteM paVesCIs? = 1611

aVLI VLMea DoRSAy = 161 1

VIrgA CrVentA DoMans. = x6ii

Antonius Witte Bruxellensis.

bVbo aD epIsCopatVM? = 161 1

I loANNES: HABES arMa IVDiE IsCarIotIs. = 1 61 1

TORTOR PRO Dote VIrgaM CVret. » 16 ii

DoCtor raptVs aMore fVrIt, = 161 1
Joannes de Bast Hallensis.
At page 239. Bellum civile et intestina Seditio Calvinum,
ejusque femoralia populatur. After a set of satirical verses is
this 'chronographicum' —

Vah non hoMo, seD Caro pVtrIs. = 161 1

Aliud.
OHE paLVDaMenta reLInqVo prases! = 161 1

Aliud.
pasCVntVr paDore MorbL = 161 1

Petrus Spoumseus Fontensis.
At page 240. Miraris Calvinum instabilem ? After some
satirical epigrams is this ' chronicon duplex' —

aDeste porCorVM greges ) 1611

VI DVCtor trIVMphat. j 1611

= 3222
Philippus de Witte Bnixell :
At page 241. Tortor gaude, lilio tuo dorsum Calvini
foecundius factum est ; the verses end with * chronicon' —

DIrVM nefas peCtore Versat. = 1611

Joannes de Bast Hallensis.
At page 249. Iterata Calvini querela, and more than forty
short lines of bitter abuse and coarse epithets, followed by this

Chronicon.
aboMInanDVs sCarabeVs est = 161 1

iLfiC neX Mer^ horrIDa. = 161 1

Servatius la Fosse Leodinus.
At page 267 is the following chronogrammatic composition without
any introductory verses, by which the Jesuits, in the usual unbecoming
style, settle the matters of the controversy unfavourably to Calvin,
and bring him into the presence of Death.

THE REFORMERS^CALVIN.

347

Inter Calvinum, et mortem, fratres in Christo,
variata Chronographicis lucta,

Calvin. heV CERxfe Mors es aVara proDIgo! • = 1611

Mors. 1Mb, aVaros aVara CorroDo. = 161 1

Calv: tV Me De hoC errore argVIs?* = 161 1

Mors. tVa faCta aboMInanDa argVo? = 161 1

Calv: CVr aD Versa oMnIa? = 161 1

Mors. ILLVD soRS Mea qVaret. = 1611

Calv: eheV MIserere DoCtoratVs! = 161 1

Mors. M0D6 In orCo VertatVr. = 161 1

VeCorDIaM argVo. = 161 1

Calv: AST DoCVMenta seVI. = 161 1

Mors. heVs VaDe; segetes MaLI Leges. = 161 1

Calv: iLfiCNk Vestra sVnt reforMatorIs Dona? = i6n

Mors^ nVnC In tartaro reforManDVs es. =1611

Calv: DVra, CrVenta reforMatIo! = 161 1

seMper IneXoranDa faCtaI = 1611

DatVr fLebILe fatVM. = 161 j

VoLVar, LsDaRi opprIMar! = 161 1

Mors. VIDEO torMenta CVsa, = i6n

seD paVCa: graVIora Manent. = 1611

Calv: In Me aVDes noCVa? = 161 1

Mors. In te seD noCWM: = 161 1

DoRSO paLaM VapVLabIs, = 161 1

VIrgA DVCe, et MEGiERA. = 161 1

Calv: VIrgA DorsVM non Caret. = 16 n

Mors. aDes; neC rVrsVM egebIt. = 161 1

fataLb teLVM InDVo. = 161 1

I MoRERE, rVe, rVe, CaDe. = 161 1

eVgb DeposItVM reposCo. = 161 1

Calv: eheV fVI ! non ero: Me terra ConDet. = 161 1

eheV, eheV MorIor, CaDo! = 161 1

VaLe DIV Mea soboLes. =1611

Vos Vos CERTk sapItb DaMno nostro. = 161 1

heI VaLbtb, VaLete postreMa Data. b 1611

Deos, DeosI fratres In ChrIsto sVpreMVM r 1611

Vos aLLoqVor. \ 1611

= 3222

hoDIb MIhI ; VtI Cras tIbI. = 1611

aCtVM est De VItA? = 161 1

348 THE REFORMERS— CALVIN.

[The ' Fratres in Christo ' reply thus to his invocation.]

1. heV DoCtor eMorItVrI = 1611

2. qVantVs IMperator CaDet ! =1611

3. VaLe, VaLe, DIteM pertranseas ! =s 1611

4. prjeDa DVra, prsDa &fiVA ! Cara stygI ! = 1611

5. aMen: heV VaDe In paCe. = 161 1
Mors. seD satIVs tIbI erIt In pICeM: aMen. = 2611

Signed, Carolus Werpseus Leodius.

Having thus consigned Calvin to perdition, the last line intimates
that his place will be where there is [? burning] pitch. There is a
bitter pun in the last two lines ; the brethren tell him to depart in
peace (pace). Death intervenes, and declares that he will go into
pitch (picem). The chronogram in the last line makes 261 1 ; it may
mean that Calvin is consigned to ' pitch ' for 1000 years of purgatory,
until 261 1, or by not counting the letter M in the word aMen, the
date will stand as 161 1, as in all the foregoing lines.

At this point the chronograms come to an end. The book con-
cludes with some Echo-verses about Calvin's ghost, entituled, ' Calvini
umbra orbi post mortem apparens, leformatorum fratrum, et suum
deplorat exitium.' At page 271 is Calvin's last bewailing exclama-
tion—

Heul Heu! Heu !
iEtemitas iEtemitas iEtemitas iEtemitas !

SOME DISTINGUISHED MEN.

' ERE is an assemblage of the names of one hundred and
seventy-six men who have left some mark in the annals
of their time, although few of them have taken any
leading part in the government of a country, or in war
against one, and none of them have worn a crown.
The pursuits of science, the services of religion, and the promotion of
the general benefit of mankind was their occupation. The period
of their career was for the most part the seventeenth century, and
Germany or the Netherlands was the land of their celebrity. The
chronograms have been extracted from many different authorities ;
in some instances the names of the writers of them are mentioned, as
Max: Vrientius, Judocus de Weert, Jacobus Ramphilius, and Joseph
k Pinu, the latter more frequently than the other three ; the chrono-
grams by him are written in hexameter and pentameter verse, and
certain phrases and words are so much identified with his style, that
many others with similar characteristics in this group, as well as in
some preceding pages in this volume, which appear as anonymous
compositions, may be attributed to him.

The title at the head of this group applies to men who are not
especially prominent in history, but who have nevertheless been
called * viri illustres^ in the biographies from which the chronograms
have been transcribed. Perhaps it may be said that some are not of
sufficient importance to merit such notice, but we in this present
day, after a lapse of two or three centuries, may accept a man as

3SO DISTINGUISHED MEN.

'distinguished,' when he has been made the subject of a chrono-
gram. Even the last name in this group may be adduced as an
example.

Greroldus, a learned and religious monk at Corvey in Westphalia,
*in the monastery crypt there these verses may be seen.' — (From
'C. F. Paullini, theatrum illustrium virorum Corbeiae Saxonicas.'
Jena, 1686) —

InCLItVs est IstIC posItVs LeVIta geroLDVs. = 876

Le, The illustrious levita Geroldus was there deposited.

Without better evidence than can be gathered from the book here
quoted, this chronogram cannot be regarded as contemporary with the
date it represents. It was probably put up by the occupants of the
monastery some time in the sixteenth or seventeenth century, not
later, however, than 1686. The word * levita' may be translated
' levite,' meaning an inferior clerical grade.

The two following chronograms were probably made a century or
two later than the date they represent They relate to —

Wunrich von Kniperode, a Hochmeister of Prussia, elected
in 135 1, and died in 1382, according to the first chronogram — F

VInCLa sVbIt MortIs WInrICVs noCte IoannIs. = 1382

Le. Wunrich submits to the chains of death on the night of St, John,

The second gives the number of years he held office —
qVI VIVens fortIs In tantIs reX erat annIs. = 31

i,e. Who when living was a strong king for so many years,

Xxenricus Stolo, professor and theologian at Heidelberg, died

iSS7> age ^S- Epitaph —

bIs seX Vt LVstrIs stoLo IaM ConIVnXerat annos /

bIs qVatVor LfixVs CoeLICa regna petIt. = 1557

i,e. When Stolo had already added twice four years to twiu six lustra,
he joyfully seeks the celestial regions,

L^onardus Rubenus, abbas Abdinckofensis, wrote a book
with this date on the tide-page. (Extracted from Ziegelbauer's ' His-
toria rei literariae ordinis S. Benedicti,' vol iiL p. 368^
rVbenVs Leges beneDICtI CepIt ab aLto

IVLIo Vt VnDeCIes LVX erat orta poLo.

} = 1596

Andreas Pancratius, theologian, died 1576—
oCtobrIs qVInto panCratI DoCte kaLenDas /

Ibas FVNESTiE sVb IVga fraCta neCIs. = 1576

le. On the fifth day before the calends of October, thou, O Doctor Pan-
cratius, didst undergo the yoke of fatal death.

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 351

Henricus Rentzius of Wiirtemberg, theologian and pastor,
died 1 60 1. Verses thereon commence thus —

aLtera LVX VbI skpteMbrIs LVgenda refVLsIt. /

oCCVbVIt Letho rentzIVs ILLe pater, = 1601

i>. When the mournful second day of September shone that illustrious
father Rentzius died. The letter d is not counted

Johannes Streitbergerus, theologian, Wittenberg, died 1602.
DoCtrInA eXCeLsVs IanVs streItberger et aVCtVs I

katVr« Vt soLVIt DebIta, Id, astra CoLIt. = 1602

Le.John Streitberger^ renowned and full of learnings when he pays the
debt of nature^ ohjoy^ he inhabits the heavens,

Franciscus Junius of France, Heidelberg, etc., died of the
plague 25d October 1602, age 57. Epitaph —

oCtobrIs ter SENA DIes et qVIna refYLget \ J

senaqVe LeyDensI bIs sonat hora soLo ( —a

orbIs VbI tItan franCIsCVs IVnIVs atrA ( "^ ^^°*

TACtVS PESTE .iETHERA REGNA BEATA PETIt. /

Le. The day of October thrice six and five shines^ and the hour twice six
strikes in the land of Leyden, when that giant of the worlds Franciscus
Junius^ struck with the black pestilence, seeks the blessed abodes above,

^acharias Schilterus, theologian, Leipzig, died 1608*-
sChILterVs MerItIs ChrIstI ConfIsVs obIVIt, /

heV QViE IaCtVra hInC eXorItVra pIIs, = 1608

i>. Trusting in the mercies of Christ, Schilter died^ alcu^ what a loss
will hence befal the pious /

Stephanus Theodoricus, of Leipzig, died 9th January 1606,
age 72. 'Carmen sepulchrale a filio scriptum, Epitaphium' —
soL noVIter nonVs Iano Vt LVCerat ab aXe /

en theoDorICe sVbIs VInCVLa DVra neCIs. = 1606

i,e. When the ninth sun in January shone anew from the sky, lo ! thou
undergoest the hard imprisonment of deaths O Theodoric,

Johannes RhumeUus, theologian, died 1606. He was once a
monk ; these verses allude to his marriage —

HoC ANNO rVMeL ConnVbIa L-flETA CeLebrat /

aprILIs regbret ter qVater atqVe poLo. = 1573

ue. In this year Rumel celebrates his happy mcfrriage on the seventh (f)
day of April,

Matthias Detschelius^ theologian of Leipzig and Pegavia,^
died 17th September 1607. Some verses on him conclude thus —
bIs seXto et qVInto septeMber fVLsIt ab aXe /

pegaVLe pastor DIgnVs Vt VrbIs obIt. = 1607

i,e. The day twice six and five of September (17M) shone from the sky
when the worthy pcuUr of the city of Pegavia dies,

^ Peggau, a monastery near Magdeburg.

3S«

DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Pantaleon Candidus, bom 1540—
pantaLeon genItVs CLaras est LVCIs In oras /

CanDIDVs Vt ferVens soLIbVs iESxVs erat. = 1540

i.e. Pantaleon was bom into the illustrious regions of lights Candidus
was a burning heat to the suns.

Johannes Pappus, theologian, pastor, died 16 10— /

aD fIneM sI qVIs se parat, ILLe sapIt. = 1610

i.e. If any one prepares himself for his end^ he is wise.

Johannes Forsterus of Leipzig, etc., died 1613 — /

DoCtor Iohannes forsterVs pIe MorItVr. = 16 13

i.e. Doctor John Forster dies piously,

Joannes Forster (another), Hebrew scholar, theologian, at
Augsburg, died 1556, age 61 —

reLLIqVIt VlTiE eXtInCtVs forsterVs Vt aVras; la

aCronICo Castor sVrgIt aD astra graDV. = 1556

Stfficiently obscure. The second line is an c^tronomical allusion to the
period of the year.

Ludovicus Episcopus (Lewis Bischoflf) of Ulm, an ecclesi-
astic, died 1650, age 78, of paralysis; his son-in-law thus expresses
the date— /

beLLVM DeVs VertIt; qVIes Vero VI Va eXIstIt. = 1650

i.e. God turns away war; ifideed living rest prevails.

David Schrammius, theologian at Nordlingen, etc., died
1615. This motto gives the date — /

o nobIs DeXtraM porrIge ChrIste pIIs. = 1615

i.e. Stretch out thy right hand to us thy pious people^ 0 Christ.

Georgius Weinrichius, theologian, pastpr, etc, in Saxony,
died 27th January 161 7 —

WeInrIChIVs MorIens VbI CceLICa teCta sVbIVIt /

IanVs ter nonVs fVLsIt In aXe poLI. = 1617

i.e. When Weinrich dying enier^d the celestial abodes^ the day tkria nine
(rf January shone in the sky.

Jacobus Setlerus of Wittenberg, pastor, died ist November
1617 —
oMnIbVs Vt sanCtIs fVLget LVX festa IaCobVs /

sItLerVs ChrIstI eX sangVInb sanCtVs obIt. = 161 7

i.e. When the festive light of All-saints day shines^ Setter dies sanctified
with the blood of Christ.

Johannes Nesenisof Rothenburg, etc., theologian, pastor, died
95th August 1 62 1. There are several anagrams on his name, also
this eteostichon, by Jacobus Rhaupius —

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 353

ANTE gregIs ChrIstI PASTOR IaM pasCItVr Ipse /

sIgnIferI CapIens pasCVa CLara poLI. = 1621

i,e. He who was aforetime the feeder of Chrisfsflock^ now himself feeds
upon the illustrious pastures of the starry sl^.

Bemhardus Albertus of Augsburg died 1636—
M. bernharDVs aLbertVs senIor aVgVstanVs, theoLogVs /
InsIgnIs proh! obIIt. = 1636

i,e. M. Bemhard Albert^ the eider, qf Augslmrgy renowned theologian^
alas ! is dead,

Johannes Fabritius of Nuremberg, pastor for forty-nine
years, died 1637. Epitaph —

eCCe sVb hoC saXo pastorIs In iEDE sebaLDI /

loHANN fabrICII pVLVerea ossa CVbant. = 1637

i>e, Loy under this stone in the church of St Sebald lie the dust-bones of
John Fabritius the pastor,

Johannes Perca of Leipzig, pastor, died isth March 1637.
He was minister for fifty years —

MartIa LVX ter qVInta rapIt te ^etate senILI /

o sVperIntenDens, heV pater orbIs eras. = 1637

Le. The day thrice five of March snatches thee away^ O superintendent,
in thine old age, alcu thou wast father of the world/

Georgius Nudingus of Weissenburg, theologian, pastor, died
8th August 1624. ' Arithmologia obitus et sepulturae' — j

aVgVsto LVX NONA Vago sVper aXe resVrgIt, ) _ ,

Vt Mens nVDIngI regna sVperna sVbIt. j ^

VnDeCIes Vt LVX aVgVsto LVXIt ab aXe ) - .62^

CaVt*: nVDIngI Corpora teCta soLo. J "*

i.e. The ninth light of August rises in the changing sky^ when the soul of
Nuding enters the realms above. The eleventh light of August shone
from above, when carefully the body of Nuding was covered with the earth,

i^acharias Theobaldus of Nuremberg, pastor. He was made ^
Professor of Mathematics at Altorf, and died in 1627, before he got
there —
te perIMIt theobaLDe sagaX, Vis febrVa, IVXta /

at genIVs VegetVs VI Vet In aXe 2o</>«3v. = 1627

i,e, O wise Theobald, an attack of fever destroys thee, but for ever thy
lively genius shall live in the world of the wise,

Paulus Wagnenis of Amberg, pastor, died 1627 —

si, QViE PRiETERllT, fVeRAT MIhI fVNERIs HORA, /

ISTA hoDIerna, tIbI CrastIna forsan erIt. = 1627

i,e. If the day of my funeral had been that hour of to-day that is past,
perhaps it will be thine to-morrow,

2 Y

354 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Ulrich Schmidius of Ulm, professor, died 1633— ^

sChMIDIVs abIVIt a nobIs agItqVe In sVperIs beatVs. = 1633
ue, Schmid departed from us atid became happy above.

Valerius Herbergerus of Silesia, pastor, died i8th May 1627,
age 66 — /

VaLerIVs herbergerVs MVnDo LIberatVr- = 1627

VaLerIVs herbergerVs MVnDo aIt VaLe. = 1627

VaLerIVs herbergerVs (his age). = 66

ue. V. H.is liberated from the world.
V. H, says good-bye to the world.
spIrItVs eCCe VaLerI herbergerII InVoLat astrIs,

Bis NoVlES MaI LVX Vt CoLLVXIt In aXe. = 1627

i.e. Behold^ the spirit of V. H. flies to the stars when the twice ninth day
of May has shone in the sky.

Vicentius Schmuckius of Leipzig, philosopher, died 1628 —
sChMVCCIVs hIC rVtILI senIor sVbIt atrIa CoeLL = 1628

i.e. The elder Schmuck here enters the courts of the ruddy sky.

Johannes Wlderus, a learned man of Jena, Wittenberg, and
Nureraberg, died of arthritis, 1630, age 47 — /

aVgVstana ConfessIo In norIbergA sIt et DVret In ^WM. = 1630
i.e. May the Augsburg Confession be in Nuremberg^ and may it last
for ever.

Caspar Finck, theologian in Saxony, died 163 1 —

CERTk CoNSTANTES AVoVSTiE CoNFESSIonIS DoCtORES iETERNA /

VIta beneDICtIonIbVs CoronantVr. = 1631

i.e. Certainly the steadfast doctors of the Augsburg Confession are
crowned with the benedictions of eternal life.

Johannes MeelfUrer of Wittenberg, Nuremberg, etc., theo-
logian, died 1640, age 70—
oCCVbVIt MeeLfVrerVs ! eCCLesIa pLange /

ET LVge tantI fVnera grata VIrI. = 1640

ie. Meelfurer is dead^ wail and mourn O church a lamentation worthy
of so great a man.

Samuel Meelfurer of Ansbach, pastor, president of the college,
died 1663 — /

absIstIs MeeLfVrerVs soLator onoLDI. = 1663

ue. 77um goest away ; Meelfurer the comforter of Ansbach.
Der herr ChrIstoff MeeLfVrer rVhet Itzt In gott. as 1663
i.e. Mr. C. Meelfurer now rests in God.

The following lines are an anagram (slightly imperfect) on the
chronogram lines which follow them —

Si agit mors lucrum est 1 h spe re fhior.
Chiiste migro 1 salute fruor ! spe re sum.
Emigro ! Christus spes I fruor ; laetamur.

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 355

}

1663

(Anno.)

HiEC MEiE CaVsA est RATA PASSIOnIs,

orbIs InIVstI Vt sCeLera eXpIentVr,
greX et abs orCo et neCe LIberetVr,

atqVe beetVr.
The anagram is but a series of exclamations which may be rendered
thus — If death comes it is gain ! through hope I enjoy in reality^ O
Christ I depart/ I enjoy salvation ! /really am in hope, J migrate /
Christ is my hope / I enjoy, I am joyful.

The chronogram may be translated thus — This is considered to be
the cause of my sufferings that the crimes of an unjust world may be
expiated^ that the flock may be libercUed from hell and death and be made
happy.

pjicodemus Lappius, theologian at Jena, pastor at Armstadt
forty-four years, died 1663, age 81 — /

LappIVs e terrA aD sanCtos trans astra MIgraVIt. = 1663

Mens ceu lampas erat, pes et ceu moenia rectis ;

nVnC seD apVD patres soLIs aDInstar erIt. = 1663

f>. Lappius has migrated from the earth to the blessed abodes beyond the
stars. His mind wcu as a lampy his foot was as walls to the righteous ;
but now amongst the fathers he will shine like the sun,

Petrus Huberus, theologian at Ulm, died 1641 —
MagIster petrVs hVberVs pVIt senIor et pr«ses eCCLesIastICI /
ConVentVs praCLarVs. = 1641

i,e. Master Peter Huber was the eminent senior and president of the
assembly of the Church,

Christophorus Reichterus of Nuremberg, philosopher,
died 8th December 1644—
spLenDet VbI CeLso LVX CceLo oCtaVa XbrIs I

reIChterVs fato transIt aD astra bono. = 1644

i,e. When the eighth day of December shines in the lofty sky Reichter
passes to the stars by a happy death,

Matthias Hoe, theologian, on his election to places of honour
at Prague in 161 2 and Dresden in 16 13 — /

ANNO MaTThIas CiESAR DIgnVS ET PATER BONVs fIt. = 1613

Georg : Fridericus Blintzigus of Altorf, etc., philosopher,
theologian, pastor, bom at Halle, died 25th August 1645 —
aVgVstI qVInto VIgeno georo frIDerICVs /

bLIntzIg faX HALLiE CceLICa aD astra CIt6 It. = 1645

i,e. On the 25/* August G, F, Blintzig the * torch ' oflfalle, goes quidkly
to the stars, (Observe the pun on the first syllable of his name, which
signifies 'light,' and the appellation of 'torch' ascending to the
heavens.)

3S6 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Cornelius Maxci of Altorf and pastor of Nuremberg, died 1646 —

OB HERR CoRNELIVS AN DeN GABEN

. In nVrnberg WerD seIns gLeIChen haben /

kVnfftIg, Lasset sIChs nVn noCh WoL fragen. = 1646

ue. Whether Master Cornelius will in the future find his eqwU in
endowments in Nuremberg may well be a question.

CorneLIVs MarCI, patrIA qVI InsIgnIs In Vrbe /

preCo, abIt eX VItA hAC, astraqVe CeLsa petIt. = 1646

i.e. Cornelius Mara\ who was an illustrious preacher in his native ciiy^
departs from this life and seeks the lofty stars.

Fridericus Glaserus, theologian, etc., superintendent of the
church at Gera, died nth May 16 15 — /

MortIs hora absConDIta gentIbVs unIVersIs; = 161 5

gLaserVs LVCet MaII bIs qVInCtVs et VnVs ) — a r

LIqVIt VbI arVa soLI, VeCtVs In astra poLI. / "" '^^^

bIs qVIntVs MaIVs fVLgens VnVsqVe geranVs ) _ ^

en sVperIntenDens heV sVa fata sVbIt. j ^

i.e. The hour of death is hidden from all people ; Glaserus left the earth
when the day twice five and one of May shone^ being carried to the stars
of heaven, — When the day twice five and one of May shone, the superinten-
dent of Gera, alas, meets his fate.

Johannes Saubertus of Altorf and Nurembei^g, philosopher,
theologian, and author, died 1646^
saVbertVs perIIt probVs, ast bona faMa perIre /

haVD potVIt, CERxfe VIVa sVperstes erIt. = 1646

i.e. The upright Saubert has perished, but his good fame has never been
able to perish, certainly it will live for ever.
saVbertVs Vnser aVg, eIn reIner gottes-Mann,

1st zWar annVn DahIn, seIn Lob nIe faVLen kan. = 1646
i.e. Saubert our eye, a pure man of God cUcls is now dead, his praise can
never decay.

Anagramma chronodisticho insertum.^
VoCe tVA viva pIe MI saVberte tonabas,

en nobIs sVrDIs Vt noha serVs abIs. = 1646

i.e. Thou didst piously thunder with thy living voice my Saubert, lo thou
leavest us deaf, as Noah, too late (f).

Georgius Hauffius of Nordlmgen, pastor, died 1660, age 72— /
ANNO qVo oMnIa horrenDa et LVCtVosa. s= 1 66 1

i.e. The year when all things were Horrible and lamentable.
HERR haVff War Vnser aVus, eIn Werther gottes Mann,
1st zWar annVn DahIn, seIn Lob nIe faVLen kan. = 1660

i>. Mr. Hauffwas our ancestor, a worthy man of God alas is now dead,
his praise can never decay.

* Sic in original ; but none of these three couplets will work as an anagram.

DISTINGUISHED MEN, 357

Augustinus Faschius of * Hauteroda,' philosopher at Witten-
berg, the year of his marriage — /
MagIster aVgVstInVs fasChIVs haVteroDensIs. = 1629

Johann Conradus Hedenus of Altorf, theologian, died
1665— /

IM Iahr Da LaVff seIner hIrten beraVbt bItter aChzete.= 1665
ue. In theyear in which Laufen deprived of its pastor groaned bitterly.

Adamus Weinheimerus of Marpurg, theologian, died 1666— I
NON Mea ConfVnDet Verbo spes fVLta benIgno. = 1666

/>. My hope that rests on the divine word will not be confounded,

. Johannes Conradus Dannhauerus of Strasburg, theolo-
gian, professor, pastor, died 1666 —
lOHANNES CVnraDVs DannahaWerVs LVX ILLa /

theoLogICa heV eXtInCta IaCet In VrnA. = 1666

i,e,J. C. Dannhaur that light of theology alas lies extinguished in this
tomb.

George Albrecht, theologian, pastor, superintendent at Nord-
lingen, died 1647 —

georgIVs aLbertVs, pastor et sVperIntenDens neroLIngensIs, I
^ortWs, en I VIVIt VItA iEXERNA. = 1647

i.e. G. Albert^ pastor and superintendent of Nordlingen^ being dead^ lo I
he lives in eternal life.
aLbertVs nItVIt CLarIs qVI DotIbVs, VrnA

ConDItVr hAC: LVCens soL fVIt, ARiE et honor. = 1647

i.e. Albert^ who shone with illustrious gifts, is contained in this tomb.
He was a bright sun and honour to the altar.

J oh: Henricus Blendinger of Nuremberg, philosopher, died
1648—
qVIs non eXoptet, qVo bLenDIngerVs InIVIt I

TEMPORE GRATA BREVI REGNA sVbIrE POLI. = 1 648

i.e. What man would not wish when Blendinger entered the pleasant
kingdom of heaven^ that he himself in a short time should go there.

Johannes Weberus of Altorf and Nuremberg, pastor, died
after long illness and paralysis, 1653 —
IanVs qVI patrIA InsIgnIs fVIt Vrbe WeberVs /

FRiECo abIt e VItA MIserA, petIt atrIa DIa. = 1653

i.e. John JVeber, who wets an illustrious preacher in his native city,
depattsfrom miserable life and seeks the divine abodes.

Christophorus Scheiblerus of Dortmund, scholar— I

ANNO DVCebaMVs. i.e. TTie year when we were married. = 1610

His wife's name was Ursula. Her death in 1632 is mentioned in
the next line.

3S8 DISTINGUISHED MEN,

VXoR AB VngareA Mea LiEDlTVR VrseLa febrI. = 1632

ue. My wife Ursula dies of the Hungarian fever. He married again ;
and died 1653, but neither event is chronographed.

Georgius Konig, on his being made Doctor of Theology at
Marburg; the chronogram alludes to the reward for his learning and
virtue — /

hVIVs et ILLIVs pIetas Dat prceMIa VIXiE. = 1626

i.e. Piety gives the rewards of this and that life.

Philippus HoUius of Wittenberg, theologian; this motto on
the occasion of his death, is either a poor compliment to him, or
merely a pious ejaculation — /

o DeVs liberator noster LIbera nos a MALa^ = 1657

i.e. O God our deliverer^ deliver us from evil.

The next is better, and quite intelligible —
HERR phILIp hoLL eIn aLt-erLebter ChrIst

In GOiT aLs raMpffer reCht ent-sCLaffen Ist.^ = 1656

i.e. Mr. Philip Holly an old Christian, has died in God as a champion
brave.

Salomo Glassius of Jena, professor, theologian, died 1656 —
nostrI qVI CeCIDIt CapItIs CeLebranDa Corona I

gLassIVs? Is sVpero VIWs In aXe VIret. = 1656

i.e. Glassius, the celebrated crown of our head, is he fallen f No, he lives
and flourishes in the world above.

Hieronymus Hollius of Nuremberg, theologian, professor at

Hall, in Sweden, died 1658 — /

Itane CIta Mors fIDeLIbVs est bona sors? = 1659

o DoLoR hIeronyMVs hoLL obIIt, = 1658

haLensIs DIceCeseos eCCLesIastes et DeCanVs CeLebre = 1658

DoCTRlNiE et SAPlENTliE LVMeN/ = 1 658

i.e. Is a quick death a happy lot to the faithfuU O grief, H. Holl is
dead, an ecclesiastic of the diocese of Hall and dean, an illustrious light of
learning and wisdom.

Johannes Micraelius, professor, theologian, etc., at Stettin,
the year of his death is expressed by his name — /

Iohannes MICRiELIVs, D. (doctor^ = 1658

Epitaph — MiCRiELivs quasi Mticpos ^Atos :
fLaWs In hoC bVsto pVLVIs tegIt ossa MICRiELI;

parVVs at Vt soL, sIC gLorIa LaVsqVe nItent. = 1658

i.e. Micrelius, meaning a smaU sun. The yellow dust in this tomb covers
the bones of Micrcelius; but as a small sun, so his glory and praise
shine.

* These two chronograms agree not together in date, bat they are thus in the original.

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 359

Johannes Georgius Dorschaeus of Jena and Wittenberg,
professor, theologian, died 1659 —

ANNO, lOAN GEORG DoRSChE PROFESSOR THEOLOOl-fi PRIMa- I

rIVs. = 1659

ue. In the year, J. G. Dorsche chief prof essor cf theology.

Johannes Henricus UrsinusofRatisbon, pastor, bom 1608,
died 1667, expressed thus — /

MIhI nIhIL habentI nIhIL DeerIt. = 1608

MIhI habentI et CVpIentI nIL DefVIt. = 1667

f>. To me having nothing, nothing will be wanting. To me having and
desiring, nothing was wanting,

John Henry Hottinger of Heidelberg, professor, theologian,
drowned with all on board while proceeding to Leyden in Holland — I
hottIngerVs LeIDaM VoCatVr. s 1667

AST LeIDaM VoCatVs aqVa perIt; = 1667

quippe quern, sVffoCarVnt LIMagI VNDiE. = 1667

ie. Hottinger is called to Leyden. But being called to Leyden he perishes
by water,forsooth the waters of the river Limmat drowned him.

Michael Weber of Nuremberg, pastor, etc He held some
particular office, Mispositor,' at St. Sebald's Church there. Died
1668— I

MIChaeL Weber Vs DIsposItor. = 1668

Johannes Michael Dilhemis of Jena, Nuremberg, etc., a
learned librarian, bom 1604, died 1669, sigc 65 — I

DILherrVs VIr Certe MagnVs obIIt. = 1669

DILherr norIMberga Certo eXspIraVIt. s= 1669

EFFERT InsIgnI se proLe theMara DILhero = 1604

Iena Ipso feLIX ex pIa* norIs erat. = 65

t,e. Dilherr, certainly a great man, is dead. Dilherr certainly died at
Nuremberg, Themara prides herself upon her illustrious offspring.
Jena wets happy and affectionate towards Mm, you know.

John Wolfgangus Weidnerus, pastor at Halle, died 1669.
'Suspirium Christianum J. G. Wihelii conrectoris 1669,' composed
probably in the following year by his colleague, contains Uiese chrono-
grams, whidi have no special allusion to the deceased — /
VenI et libera tVos o DoMIns IesV ChrIstb: = 1670
VenI sVbIto noLI tarDare, et bea, oMnes Ver^ ChrIstI-
ANOS : =s 1670
IrrVat aVteM IVstItIa DeI £ C-«Lo: = 1670
IMpII CrVDeLIter pVnIantVr: =s 1670
L^Tk reDIMantVr probI rVbro ChrIstI sangVIne. s= 1670

36o DISTINGUISHED MEN.

t.e. Come and deliver thy people^ O Lord Jesu Christ: Come suddenly^
tarry fioty and bless all true Christians: may the justice of God come
down from heaven: may the wicked be cruelly punished: may the righteous
bejo^ully redeemed by the red blood of Christ,

Johannes Maukischius of Leipzig, pastor, died 1669— /

DorMIo, at eVIgILabo VoCe IesV. = 1669

IesVs 1st MeInes gLaVbens VnD Lebens zeIL. = 1669

ANNO QUO MaVkIsIVs obIbat pLaCIDVs. = 1669
i,e. I sleeps but I shall awake at the voice of Jesus, Jesus is the goal of
my faith and life. The year when Maukisius died quietly,

Nicolas Statmann of Nuremberg, an eminent lawyer, died
2d August 1607 —
Vt LVX aVgVsto bIs fVLget ab arCe sVpremA /

statManVs CVLtVs teCta beata CapIt. = 1607

i.e. As the second day of August shines from the sky, the learned Stat-
mann seeks the happy abodes.

Faulty because a letter m is not counted.

Peter Lehmann, lawyer, magistrate, died i6i8 — ^
qVI VIXIt ConsVL nVnC fIt LaChryMabILe fVnVs, /

fVnVs non IsthIC, ast graVe fcenVs erIt. = 16 18

i,e. He who lived as magistrate now makes a mournful funeral, this tvill
not be to him a funeral only, but a great reward,

Dionysius Gothofredus of Heidelberg, eminent lawyer, died
7th September 1622 —
tertIVs et qVartVs septeMbrIs In athere LVXIt /

heV! heV! IVrIs apeX, qVo gotofreDVs obIt. = 1622

i.e. The day three-andfourth of September shone in the sfy, when alas I
the head of the law, Gotofrid, dies.

Bemhard von Polnitz, lawyer, died 1628—
poLnItIVM LVget non frVstra saXonIs orDo, /

bernharD VoM poLnIta VIVIt sVper athera LiExVs. = 1628
i,e. The ^ order* of Saxony bewails not Polnitius in vain, Bernard of
Polnitz lives joyfully above the skies.

Johannes Rugerus of Saxony, lawyer, died 27th July 1632—
anno qVo pLaCens Deo faCtVs est DILeCtVs, et VersatVs
Inter peCCatores ereptVs est. Wisdom of Solomon iv. 10, = 1632
The verse quoted is, ^ He pleased God and was beloved of him : so that
living among sinners he was translated.*
DoCtor Iohannes CeLestI seDe LoCatVs

CLaVsIt qVIntILIs ter nonA heI fata rVgerVs. = 1632

i.e. Doctor J. Ruger being placed on the heavenly * bench,' closed his career,
alas, on the thrice ninth day of July,

]hen, J

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 361

J ohn James Tetzel of Nuremberg, senator, medical professor,
died 1646 —
Ian IaCob tetzeL LVX est eXtInCta senatVs, * /

norICos CIVes protege ChrIste ManV. = 1646

le, J. /. Tetzel the light of the senate is extinguished, O Christ protect
the cities of Noricum {Bavaria) fy thy hand.
Verharr beI Vns herr IesV ChrIst,

Der WeIsheIt kron VMgWorffen 1st. = 1646

Le. Remain with us^ Lord Jesus Christ, the crown of wisdom is thrown
over.
MagnVs tetzeLIVs trIstI nos Vrbe reLInqVIt,

HERoIs proh! qVID trIstIVs InterItV. - = 1646

ie. The great Tetzel leaves us in a sorrowing city, alas what is more sad
than the death of a hero !
Wann grosse tetzeL VVeIChen,

ERFAHRNE HERRN ERBLeIChEN, y _ g .g

aCh, aCh, Der sChWehren LeIChen, ' "~ '^

so nIChts nICht zV VergLeIChen.

i,e. When great Tetzel passes away, wise men become pale, alas / alas I
to this heavy corpse thus nothing is in any way to be compared.

He possessed three estates of lands (praedia), from which he was
accustomed to entitle himself, viz. Kirchensittembach, Vorrha, and
Artelshos. When, in 1626, he purchased the last-named land, a
local prophecy was fulfilled, and it was thus chronographically
commemorated —

arteLshoVIVM tetzeLIo DIVInItVs parebIt. s= 1626

i.e. Artelshos will submit to Tetzel according to prophecy.

Justinus Herdesianus of Nuremberg, eminent lawyer, died
1646 ; the date and his age are thus expressed — /

IVstInVs tantVM ah I DeCIes seX VIXIt In annos. = 1646

i.e. Alcu, Justin lived but sixty years.

George Philip Harsdorfer of Nuremberg, senator, died
2 2d September 1658, age 51. Anagram on his name; and a
panegyric expressing the date by each line —
K { Georgius Philippus Haarsdoerfferus.

^ ( Ah pergas ! sidus populi ! frugifer heros.
harsDorfferVs obIt Letho: hInC o patrIa Mcerb! = 1664

MiRi DoCtVs erat, fLos pIetatIs erat. =s 1664

ERGO terra abIens CobLo IaM gaVDet In orbe, = 1664

Mente pIa CceLo SB qVIa rIt& Dabat. = 1664

IaCet gLorIa MVnDI. = 1664

DeLICIVM norIbergense. = 1664

DeLICIVM PATRliE = 1664

MIrarIs? DesIne sVnt fata a CceLo. = 1664

pIa Mens ; obIIt ILLb? non ; abIIt, ergo DoLor absIt absIt I= 1664

2 z

362 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

IaM est In iETHERE SENATOR, gLorIa, DeCVS. = 1 664

IaM CorDe IVbILat. = 1664

IaM est •In paCe iETERNA, pLaVDIt. = 1664

rIDet, trIVMphat In CceLo. = 1664

VaCat DoLore, Mcerore, trIstItIA. = 1664

NON sentIt DaMna, LIber est CVrIs. = 1664

ERGO NE LVgeas rogo : In ChrIsto DorMIt! = 1664

postreMo DIe nobILI Cert^ sVrget BEATi. = 1664

i.e. Harsdorfer died^ hence O country weep! He was wondeffully
leamedy he was the flower of piety. Therefore departing from earth he
now rejoices in heaven^ became in the world he rightly gave himself to
heaven with a pious mind.

Here lies the glory of the world. The delight of Nuremberg. The
delight of his country. Do you wonder 1 Cease! the fates are from
lieaven. A pious soul; did he die f No; he departed^ t!ieref ore let grief
be totally absent / Now the senator is in lieaven^ ^ory and honour are
his. He rejoices in his heart. Now in eternal peace fie sings. He
laughsy he triumplis in fieaven. - He is free from pain^ sorrow^ and sadness.
He does not fed losses^ he is free from cares. Therefore I ask tJiat you
do not mourn over him : he sleeps in Christ ! Lastly lie will surely rise
in luippiness in the great day.

Georgius ImhofF, senator, died 1659. Epitaph —
hIer LIgt herr georg IMhoff begraben, /

o sChaD fVr seIne hohe gaben. ss 1659

i.e. Here Mr. George Imhoffis buried^ alas ! for his high gifts.

Jodocus Christophorus Kressius, minister to Frederic,
Elector and King of Bohemia, senator, died 1663 — /

CrESSIVs iETHEREAS LiETVs TRANSMIGRAT In ^eDeS. = 1 663

le. Kressius joyfully passes into the heavenly dwelling.

Tobias Oelhafius, politician, died 1666— /

DoCtor tobIas oLhafen MortWs Vernat. = 1666

faMA DoCtor oLhafen sVa VIVet. = 1666

i.e. Doctor T. Olhafen flourishes when dead. Doctor Olhafen will live
by his own fame.

Theophrastus Paracelsus, medical professor, died 24th
September 1541, age 48. C Manlius sic de eo —

ASTRA qVater senA septeMbrIs LVCe sYbIVIt, /

ossA SALIsBVRGiE nVnC CIneresqVe IaCent. = 1 541

i.e. He entered the stars on twenty fourth of September^ mm his bofies and
his asfus lie at Salzburg.

Joachimus Vadianus, medical professor, died 1551 —
CLaVDItVr hAC terrA sapIens VaDIanVs, kt aLget /

QVI CeLeBRIs PATRliE LVX ERAT ATQVE PATER. «= 1 55 1

i.e. The wise Vadian lies in this ground^ and he is cold who was the
celebrated light andfatlier of his country.

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 363

Petrus Capitaneus, medical professor. This gives the year,
month, day, and hour of his death —

oCCVbVIt fatIs CapItaneVs, aLta MICaret 7

IanI seXta VbI LVX, horaqVe nona foret. = 1557

ue. Capitamus succumbed to the fates when the sixth day 0/ January
shone htgh^ and when it was the ninth hour,

Johannes Aicholtz, medical professor and botanist at Vienna,
died 1588. Hexameter and pentameter epitaph —
IanVs In hAC fragILI IaCet Vrna aIChoLgIVs, Is qVI I

artIs APoLLlNEiE gLorIa Magna fVIt. = 1588

i.e. J. Aicholtz lies in this frail urti^ he who wcu the great glory of the
art of Apollo {the god of medicine).

Cjeorgius Noslerus of Saxony, medical professor, died
1650—

qVo paX teVtonIbVs gViEslTA est InCLIta et aLta /

hVIVs e6 Lapsa est Longa CoLVMna sCHoLiE. ss 1650

(Jaspar Peucer, medical doctor and mathematician. Saxony,
died 25th September 1602, as the dock finished striking eleven. He
was imprisoned for some theological writings, which he himself
expresses in this distich —
spretVs et abIeCtVs CVnCtIs nVnC serVIo soLI /

Intent Vs preCIbVs speqVe fIDeqVe Deo. = 1602

/>. Spumed and rejected by all^ I now serve God alone^ intent upon my
prayerSy my hope and my faith in God.

Matthias Lobelius, botanist in Holland, died in London
3d May 16 16, age 78 ; buried in the church of St Dionysius, where
it is said verses were put up by his grandchildren to his memory, con-
cluding thus —
tertIa LVX MaI VernVsqVe Instabat apoLLo /

Vt noWs In CceLIs InCoLa faCtVs aWs. = i6i6

ie. The third day of May , and the vernal Apollo was at handy when our
grandfather was made a new denizen of the heavens.

Dominicus Lampsonius of Bruges, artist and poet, died
* senex' 1599. Epitaph put up in 1603 —

sic ERAT HOC LATfe NOTVs LaMpSONIVs ANNO, I

IpsA defVnCtVs qVA sanCtVs aLeXIVs horA. = 1599

Le. So was Lampsonius well known in theyear^ having died in the same
hour in which the holy Alexis died.
The D is not counted.

John William Mannagetta, medical professor at Vienna,
died 1666, age 78. 'Compendium chronographicum ' —
Mannagetta fVIt DoCtVs gaLenVs. = 1666

MeDICVs et bonVs astroLogVs. = 1666

364 DISTINGUISHED MEN,

phILosophVs, theoLogVs et IVrIsperItVs, oCtIes reCtor
MagnIfICVs, septVagInta et oCto annos natVs, BENk obIens
LatatVr et Vt spero bene et gLorIose VI Vet. = 1666

si Vero, qVoD non spero pcenas pVrgatorII sVstIneret,
ORATOR eX Voto preCatVr reqVIeM, Vt ben^ et beatI: VIVat. = 1666
i,e. Mannagetta was a learned disciple of GaUn^ a physician and a good
astrologer^ philosopher^ theologian^ and lawyer^ eight times rector {of his
college)^ seventy-eight years of age he rejoices in a good deaths and as I
hope he will live in glory. But if as I do not hope^ he may suffer the
pains of purgatory J let him who prays vow to him a requiem^ that he
may live well and happily,

Philip James Sachs of Saxony, medical and scientific, died of
stone ' 5ij ponderis/ 7th January 167 1, age 45. ' Epitaphium chrono-
logicum/ put up in 1672 —

phILIppo IaCobo saChsIo WratIsLaVIensI CaroLVs sponIVs
aMICo Integro sVaVIqVe LUgens ponIt eX Voto. = 1672

Le, Charles Spon mournings puts up this to his exemplary and kind
friend^ P. J, Sachs of Breslau^ in consequence of a vow.

Baptista Mantuanus, learned ecclesiastic, Hebrew scholar,
poet, bom 1444. ' Carmelitani ordinis Princeps et Antistes Mantuse
ex Hispanioli gente honesta, sed thoro illegitimo natus est.' Epitaph
thus expresses the above date, and alludes to a prediction of his future
celebrity —
nasCItVr In terras MonaChVs baptIsta sVosqVe

VatICInA VersVs e genItrICe bIbIt. = 1444

i.e. The monk Baptista was bom into the worlds and he imbibes his
poetry from his prophetic mother.

Johannes Gravius of Nuremberg, scholar, poet, rector of the

Gymnasium iEgidianum, died 1644 —

y, { Johannes Gravius.

Anagram | ^^ ^^^^j^ j^ ^^^^

lOHANNES GRAVIVs POETA LaVrEATVs CiESAREVs ET GYMnASII

norICI reCtor obIIt In spe pIA abIItqVe In regna C(eLICa.= 1644
gyMnasII iEGlDlANi reCtor Johannes graVIVs sVaVIter et
BEATk eXpIraVIt. = 1644

tV ASTRA sVbIs, graVI trIstI nos orbe reLInqVIs;

te I Wat aLMa qVIes, nos tenet atra DIes. = 1644

i.e. Gravius^ poet^ imperial laureate, and rector of the University of
Noricum, died in pious hope and went to the heavenly kingdoms.—/.
Gravius, rector of the jEgidian gymnasium, expired calmly and happily.
Thou Gravius reackest the stars, thou leavest us in this scut serious
world; calm rest delights thee, the dark day detains us.

Nicholas Copernicus, astronomer, died 1543. Eteostichon
by Joseph k Pinu —

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 365

eX hoC bXCessIt trIstI CopernICVs xSo I

IngenIo astrorVM et CogItatIone potens. = 1543

ue. From this sad life Copernicus departed^ powerful in talent and in
knowledge of the stars.

Petrus Ramus, the French philosopher and mathematician,
was killed at Paris in the massacre of St. Bartholomew; it is said
that he never was in bed all his life, but was accustomed to sleep on
the straw, ' stramine tantum dormire ' — /

BARToLoMiEVs fLet qVIa gaLLICVs oCCVbat atLas. = 1572

Le, Bartholomew weeps because the French Atlas is dead.

Xycho Brahe, astronomer, died 24th October 1601 —
oCtobrIs visa Vt LVX est VICesIMa qVarta /

aVLa sVbIt CceLI te, generose tyCho. = 1601

i,e. When the twenty-fourth day of October was seen, the palace of heaven
receives theCf O noble Tycho.

Michael Piccartus, learned in history, logic, and metaphysics,
died of apoplexy, 1620; he wrote a commentary on Aristotle's politics ;
the chronogram expressing this date and work is also a very ingenious
anagram on the following sentence —
Michael Piccartus organicus Aristotelicus professor.
ORO, sILe; hIC soMnVs fragILes res oCCVpat, artVs
pICCartI. = 1620

i.e. I pray thee be silent; this sleep seizes frail things, the limbs of Pic-
cartus.

Martinus Zeilerus, historian, died at Ulm, 1661—
MorItVr DoCtVs zeyLer. = 1661

ie. Learned Zeyler is dead.

JMatthias Zellius of Kaiserberg, in Alsace, pastor at Stras-
burg, died 1548 —
oCCVbVIt CeLebrIs feLICI sorte MatthIas,

VIX tantVs nostra presbIter Vrbe fVIt. = 1548

i.e. The celebrated Matthias died a happy death, scarcely was there so
great a priest in our city.

phcebVs VbI rVtILans CaprICornI sIgna reLIqVIt,
' zeLLI Chare, qVIes Mors tIbI VIsa fVIt. s= 1548

i.e. When ruddy Phoebus left the sign Capricorn, O dear Zellius, death
seemed to be rest to thee.

rluldrick Zase of Switzerland, Jurisconsult, died 1535 —
aetherIs Vt sVPERiE sVCCessIt zasIVs arCI;

BOS arMIgerI ConspICIt astra IoVIs. = 1535

Le. When Zase succeeded to the citadel above, Eds (the morning) beholds
the star of the warlike Jove. (Jupiter the morning star — an indication
of the month of the year.)

366 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

FVrIs honoratI zasIVs CeLeberrIMVs aVCtok,

A neCe CorreptVs, terra VaLeto sonat. » XS3S

It. Z/osty the most cdelnraied author of jurisprudence^ being snatched aiwi^
by deaths exclaims^ Earthy farewell.

Fetrus StrataegUS, alias Capitaneus dictus, probably Capitein
the Dutch physician, who died in 1557. Epitaph in the church
' D. Virginis ' at Middelburg —

oCCVbVIt fatIs CapItaneVs, aLta MICaret Mb

IanI seXta VbI LVX, horaqVe nona foret. = 1557

i.e, Capitein yielded to his fate when the sixth day of January shone^ and
it was the ninth hour.

James Comarius, medical professor at Rostock University —
eXCeLLens phoebI CornarI VIrIbVs artIs, Mb

eXWIas soLVIt parCa MaLIgna tVas. = 1558

le, O Comarius^ excelling in the powers of the art of Phoebus^ malignant
fate strips thee of thy mortal taberfiade.

jVlartin Hamoen, poet and astronomer. Epitaph from a book,
'Funebria aliquot poemata/ per Matth»um Collinum. Pragae,

ISS3—

saXonIo reCVbat MartInI CorpVs In arVo

spIrItVs In CoeLIs rVra qVIeta CoLIt. = 1550

i.e. The body of Martin reposes in Saxon ground^ his spirit inhabits the
peaceful fidds in heaven.

rleobanus Hessus, alias Eboan Hesse, poet Chronogram
on his birth —

CCEPERAT Vt OLaVCI NATO AFPARERE CaBaLLVs Sc

eDItVs est Vates hessI Dos ora tWs. = 1488

Chronogram on his death —
LVCe MInVs qVInta oCtobrIs sVa fata peregIt, Sc

PHOEBO HESSVS GRATVs CaSTALIoqVe CHORa as 1540

i,e. He ended his life on the $th of October^ Hessus dear to Phoebus and
the Castalian choir.

This chronogram seems to be erroneous ; he died in 1540 —
DICIte thespIaDbs fLetVs, eLegeIa LVge; la

• HoC hessVs saXo gLorIa Vbstra IaCet. sa 1536

le. Utter your waHings^ ye sons of Thespis^ weep your numrt^ dirge i
Hessus your glory lies under this stone.

Ouillaume Bud4 French hellenist and author. The drcum*
stance of his death in 1540 is not explained —

oCCVbVIt CLarVs fato sVDiEVs InIqVo, la

ASTR£/s In Casta soLe seDente sInV. bs 1540

i.e. The illustrious Budk died an unjust deaths the sun setting in the
bosom of the chaste Astraa (indicating the period of the jrear).

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 367

Simon Grynaeus, hellenist and theologian, born in Sweden,
1493 ; died of the plague at Basle, 1541 —

GRYNiCS ES DVro resoLVtVs CarCers CarnIs; la

Vrbs rhenI IVnCta est qVA basILea VaDIs. = 1541

ue, O Grynaus^ thou art freed from the prison of the flesh ; where Basle
city is jolted to the passage of the Rhine.

Janus Comarius, medical, died at Jena, 1558—
eXCeLLens phqbibI CornarI VIrIbVs artIs, la

eXWIas soLVIt parCa MaLIgna tVas. = 1558

ue. O Comarius^ excelling in the art ofPhmhus {medicine\ malignant fate
has loosened thy tenement. (By Joseph k Pinu.)

Andreas Geraldus Hyperius, theologian, died 1564.
Epitaph — la

fLanDrIa qVeM genVIt, hassIa nostra tegIt. 3= 1564

i.e. He whom Flanders gave birth to^ our Hesse now covers.

AlbertUS Magnus> bishop of Ratisbon, died ia8o, age 87.
This might be taken as an instance of the use of chronograms at
an early period were it not for the mention of the name of the
author, Joseph \ Pinu, who 'made most of the chronograms in
the book from which it is taken, about the time of the publication,

1590—

aLberte es fato propbrantI Magne soLVtVs; la

tangIs VbI atatIs LVstra bIs oCto tVa = 1280

i.e. O Albert the great^ thou art free from untimely fate; when thou
touchest twice eight lustra of thine age. He nevertheless attained the
age of 87.

Xvudolph Agricola of Groningen, a man of learning, died at
Heidelbeig, 1485. This chronogram was also made by Joseph k
Pinu—

qVA ter CLara IaCet trIbVs heyDeLberga DeabVs, la

rVrICoLa k terrA raptVs In astra fVIt. = 1485

i.e. Where the thrice illustrious Heidelberg lies to the three goddesses {f)
' Ruricola ' was snatched away from earth to the stars.

Ulrich von Hutten, a German theologian, orator, and Latin
poet, died 1533. Chronogram also made by Joseph k Pinu, circa

1590—

IgnIfer In tepIDo fVLsIt soL sIDsre LIbr^ la

hVttene, Vt CdKLI teCta beata CafIs. « 1534

i.e. The fiery sun shone in the warm constellation cf Idbra^ O Hutten^
when thou dost reach the happy abodes of heaven. (Indicating the
month of September.)

368 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Wilibald Pirchaimer of Nurembeig, historian, died 1531.
Chronogram also by Joseph \ Pinu —

CoNSILIo Vt pyrghayMerVs bonVs kXIt ab orbs; la

soL PROPk ContaCto pIsCe peregIt Iter. = 1531

U€. When Pirchainur gpod in counsel departs from the worlds the sun
finished his course almost in contact with the s^ Pisces, (Indicating
the month of February.)

J ohn Stofler, Switzerland, mathematician ; these chronograms
also by Joseph k Pinu — ^

ConDItVr hIC fato fVnCtVs stofLerVs aCerbo, ) _

TERRESTRIs GNARVs, SiDEREiEQVE PLAGiE. j *" ^534

pIsCIbVs It raDIans DeVs InsIgnIta per astra, ) — e

stofLere InIeCIt parCa VbI VInCLa tIbI. / "" ^^34

i»e. Here lies Stofler^ being met by a bitter fate^ skilled in both earthly
and heavenly knowledge. The radiant god {the sun) proceeds through
the brilliant stars in the sign Pisces {February)^ when^ O Stofler^ fate
cast his claims upon thee.

(jaspar Cruciger of Leipzig, theologian, died 1548. Chrono-
gram also by Joseph k Pinu — j
fertVr In aeMonIo Latona fILIVs arCV: ) _ j.
Vt CrVCIger fatI noXU teLa tVLIt. / - ^54»

Vitus Theodorus, ecclesiastic of Nuremberg, died 1549; he
argued in the controversy at Ratisbon. Chronogram by Joseph k
Pinu—

haC trIstI est CLaVsVs VItVs theoDorICVs In VrnA; la

NORlCIDiE popVLI pastor, et VrbIs honos. = 1549

i.e. Vitus Theodore is shut up in this sad tomb; the pastor of the people
of Nuremberg^ and the honour of the city.

George Major of Nuremberg, theologian, bom 1502, died at
the age of 72, on the 28th November. Chronogram by Joseph k
Pinu—

feLICI Vt oenVIt MaIor te Vrbs norICa LVCe, la

PES tWs orIon Vespere LiEWs obIt. = 1502

i.e. When the city of Nuremberg gave thee birth^ O Major ^ on the happy
day^ thy leftfoot^ Orion^ goes down in the evening. (The time of die
setting of that constellation thus marks the peri(x] of the year.)

Oirolamo Savonarola of Florence, Dominican preacher.
At pa^e 22 of the British Museum copy of 'Reussner,' this chrono-
gram IS written, to mark the date of the death of this celebrated man,
which, however, took place on 23d May 1498 —

sInCera taXat CVLtVs VbI VoCe baaLIs, la

InterIt IgnI VoMIs saVonaroLa regIs. = 1499

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 369

Paul Fagius, Lutheran preacher^ and promoter of the Refor-
mation, died at Cambridge *mdl,* 1550. (By Joseph \ Pinu) —
soLe orto VoLVCrVM regIna LeVatVr In ortV; la

fagIVs Vt sensIt teLa CrVenta neCIs. = 1550

u€. The sun being risen^ the queen of birds rises in the east when Fagius
felt the cruel darts of death. (The relative position of the sun and the
constellation Favo marks the period of the year.)

Caspar Hedio, theologian, died 1552. Chronogram by Joseph
kPinu—

eXtVLIt ora seqVens oCtobrIs LVCIfer IDVs: la

heDIo VbI PARCiE Lege soLVtVs abIt. = 1552

Sebastian Munster, geographer, died of the plague —
qVIntILIs fVerant LVCes Vt qVInqVe PERACXiE; la

MVnstere fe VIVIs TE CIta parCa rapIt. ' = 1553

ue. When five days of July were ended^ swift fate switches thee from the
livings O Munster. (By Joseph k Pinu.)

Justus Jonas, theologian, died 1555. Chronogram by Joseph
kPinu—
IVstVs VbI oCCVbVIt perCVLsVs fVnere Ionas, la

FRONS CVM SoLe NEPiE TETHYOS InTRAT AQVaS. = I $55

ue. When Justus Jonas succumbed struck by deaths the sun beifig in
Scorpio {October month)^ his form enters the waters of Tethys.

1 hese chronogrtuns are written on an inserted leaf, in the

volume from which many of the foregoing have been extracted — la

29 Julii quo InIMICI DeI InterIbVnt. = 1612

17 Xbris. anno tanDeM patIentIa VICtrIX. = 161 9

J ohn Daniel Mine is distinguished in a book, 'Album Sere-
nissimorum, etc, Darmstadt, 1664, k Johanne Vietore ;* one of several
small works bound up with a volume by Reussner [British Museum,
press-mark 1213. c 12], this one being a collection of curious anagrams.
At page 36 is the following combined chronogram and anagram con-
cerning him; the meaning is obscure, the anagram, however, is
perfect —
Ioannes DanIeL MInC pastor goeraVIanVs. = 1664

Anagramma.
VaDe Insons, aC LaVtI: agnI ponerIs In arMo, ^ 1664

i.e.John Daniel MinCy pastor of ... Go innocent one^ and thou wilt be
entertained sumptuously on a shoulder of lamb.

Henricus Wittemius wrote a 'Carmen congratulatorium' on
the peace made by Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, Spanish
Commander in the Netherlands, with the citizens of Antwerp, on
Saint Bernard's day, the 20th August 1585 ; with this chronogram — Ba
LVX pIa bernarDI MaVortIa sIgna fVgaVIt. = 1585

i.e. 77ie pious day of Saint Bernard put to flight the standards of Mars.

3 A

370 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Johannes Gya of Flanders, theologiani died at Paris, 1557, ^ut
patet ex hoc chronographico' —

CasLetVM genVIt, rapVIt tb gaLLIa, gIa, £a

neXIbVs eXVtVs Corporis, astra CoLIs. = 1557

i.e. CcUais bare thety Gaul took thee away^ O Gya^ strip of the bonds of
the body^ thou dost inhabit the heavens.

Jacobus Blasaeus of Bruges, an ecclesiastic, spoke a funeral
oration on Philip 11. of Spain and the Netherlands in 1598, on which
Judocus de Weerde, syndic of Antwerp, wrote this chronogram —
ortVs et oCCasVs, borbas et CarVLVs aVster, Ba

pLanXerVnt CIneres Magne phILIppe tVos. cs 1598

i.e. 27te sunrise and the sunset^ the north wind and the asure south wind^
have bemoaned thy ashes^ O great Philip.

Marius Joannes Gotscalcanus of Antwerp, theologian, died
at Brussels, where this epitaph was put up —

qVaLIs hoMo tV nVnC, ego tVnC, at qVaLIs ego nVnC Ba

taLIs tV tVnC, et' sI bene dIVes erIs. as 1601

ue. Such a man as you are I was then^ but what lam now such you
will be then^ and if you have lived well you will be rich. The letter D
is not counted

Geoi^us Macropedius, the celebrated Dutch poet and
philologist, whose real name was Lanckvelt A monument was
erected Co him in the convent of the Hieronomites at Bois-le-Duc in
Brabant, with inscription dated by this chronogram —
IVLIVs eXpIrans sILViEDVCIs oCCVpat artVs Be

MaCropedI tenVes, spIrItVs astra tenet. = 1558

i.e. At the end of July ^ Bois4e-Duc takes possession of the slender Umbs of
Macropedius^ his spirit occupies the heavens. The letters d are not
counted.
IVLIVs /estIVo CoLLVstrans nVbILa phoebo, Ba

MaCropedI eXtInCtos VsXIt ad astra dIes. s 1558

le. July brightening the clouds with the summer sun^ carried to the
heavens the extinct days cf Macropedius^ The letters d are not counted.

Arnold Alostanus, ' a sua familia dictus M^mannus,' bom at
Alost in Flanders. Order of St. Francis, etc, a vehement preacher
against the Iconoclasts in 1566, 'ut docent haec chrongraphicat' from
which we may infer that he composed them — Ba

sanCta tVa Contra MInata et ConCVLCata sVnt. = 1566

Le. Thy sanctuaries are threatened and trodden under foot i Macca-
bees iii. 51.

De geVsen hebben Den DWeL In. sb 1566

i.e. The Gueux (' beggars^) have the devil in them.

Gunerus Petnis, bom in Zealand, became the first bishop of
Leuwarden in Friesland, died at Cologne, 25th February 1580, where

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 371

some years afterwards a memorial was put up by G. Gaukema, who is
the subject of the chronogram next following this —
Gauco Gaukema Frisius canon. Aquisgranen ponebat, Ba
InItIo annI VnDeCIML r . i . p . =1611

ue. G. Gaukema^ the Frisian canon of Aix-la-Chapelle^ erected this in
the beginning of the eleventh year.

Oauko Gaukema, mentioned in the preceding chronogram,
canon of Aix-la-Chapelle, bom in Friesland, 1568, educated under
Bishop Cunerus Peter, and became a distinguished theolofl[ian.
Whilst living, and being mindful of death, he wrote this epitaph on
himself at Aix-la-Chapelle, which exists (in 1628), 'adB. Mariam in
sacello D. Nicolai.' The epitaph bears the reiterated chronographic
date of 16 13, which, however, is not stated to be diat of his death,
though it may be assumed as such ; the blank left for it at the end of
the epitaph was not afterwards filled up. Ba

sVpreMo IVDICI. = 1613

Abimus nee redimus.
Quicquid crescit humi, vanescit imagine fumi ;

Ut pelago navis, quae volat instar avis.
Gauko Gaukema Frisius, quondam indignus percelebris
hujus templi canonicus ;

o IgnosCe, o serVa, DoMIne IesV: = 16 13

o IesV ChrIste, o DeVs MIserers. = 1613

Lector, Hoc Epitaphium ille miser

VIVens sIbIMet ConDebat. = 16 13

Cui bono. — Ut haereret memoriae,

Qu6d Vita brevis, Qu6d Occasio praeceps,

Qu6d Exitus ineluctabilis, Qu6d Successus aetemus.

DIXI aMICe,
tV parIter DICta rVMIna,
aternItateM anXIJ^ ConsIDera.
CreDIta et ratIones eXaMIna. I each line

DIgna pro MerItIs eXpeCta, et I = 1613

In ^ternVM DeVs tIbI parCat.
qVeM sskJo pro te, pro DenatIs InVoCa:
FORTASsIs IDeM Crab Iter aggressVrVs.

Lector.
faVe MonItIs, et VaDe In paCe. = 1613

Ipsi sui, prout es, nunc sum, quod tu quoque fies
Adae progenies, horrida congeries.
Obiit anno 00 . , . . /btat . . mens • 4 * die . . .
i.e. (As to the chronograms) Pardon me^ preserve me^ O Lord Jesus: O
Jesu Christ J O God^ pity me. Reader I This epitaph he^ miserable

372 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

man^ composed it for himself while living; for what goodf Thai it
might be borne in mind that life is shorty that opportunity is sudden,
that the end cannot be escaped, that success is eternal I said, O my
friend, Do thou in like manner meditate upon these sayings. Do thou
consider eternity anxiously. Examine thy beliefs and the reckons thereof.
Expect a worthy reward for thy good deeds, and may God spare thee for
ever. Whom do thou anxiously invoke for thyself and for those who
are departed. Reader t foster these precepts, and go in peace.

K^uardus Tapper, a learned man of Louvain, died in 1559 —
AD sVperos abIens MaVortIs LVCe seCVnda Bi

VLtro paVperIbVs sVa dat bona CVnCta rVardVs. = 1559

i.e. Ruardus departing to the dwellings above on the second day of March,
gave voluntarily to the poor all his possessions. The letters d are not
counted

Balthasar Aiala, a jurist, died in 1584 at the early age of
thirty-six ; this chronogram was made by Judocus de Weert, a syndic
of Antwerp—
feLIX IngenIo, rhetor graVIs, arte dIsertVs,

LIngVIsqVe, et CLarVs IVre perItVs erat: I «.

regIVs In beLLo IVdeX, desCrIpsIt et ILLa ■

beLLICa, QViE iEQVALI IVra bILanCe dabat.
prInCIpIbVsqVe VIrIs gratVs deCoratVs honore,

OFFICIO, SEROS OCCIdIt ANTE dIeS.

i.e. Fortunate in genius, an influential orator, skilled in the art of
languages, and an illustrious jurist A royal judge in warlike affairs,
he also set forth those principles of war which administer even-handed
justice. He was dear to the great ones of his country, and died while yet
a young man, graced with rank and honour. The letters D are not
counted.

iVbraham Ortell, or Ortelius, Flemish geographer and author,
died in 1598; the following chronogram, however, makes 1599 —
sCrIpserat orteLIVs terras, freta; sIdera, et Vrbes, ^ «.

haVd potIs ardorI ponerb frena sVo. '

■

1584

VIdIt, at InVIdIt TANTiS parCa aspera sortI: et J "" ^599

orteLII dVrA staMIna faLCe seCat.
i.e. Ortelius had described lands, seas, stars, and cities, it was not possible
to put a check to his ardour. Rude fate saw and envied such a lot, and
cut off with her cruel knife the threads of his existence. The letters D
are not counted.

Another by Judocus de Weert, a syndic of Antwerp — j^ .

orteLIVs tenet hIC eXangVes CorporIs artVs, \ _ ^^^

IVngItVr et sVperIs Mens bona CceLICoLIs. ) " 'S9<>

i.e. Ortelius holds here the limbs of his bloodless body, his illustrious mind
is joined to the denizens of heaven.

DISTINGUISHED MEN, 373

Christopher Plantin, the celebrated printer at Antwerp, * Kal.
quinctilibus cio . id . xxcix, aged seventy-five. Rubens designed some
of the grand title-pa^es of his folio volumes. This chronogram was
was made by his son-m-law (gener), Francis Raphelengius — ^ .

PLaNTInVM, AVRORiE LVCe APPARENTE, CALENDiE \ == eg

qVInCtILes terrIs rapVere, poLoqVe dederVnt. ) "" ^5^9

Le, In the mornings the Calends {the First) of July removed the renowned
Planting and gave him to the heavens. The letters d are not counted.

Francis Fagel, keeper of the archives. A medal to him — A

profVIt HiEC bataVIs DenIs faX LVMIne LVstrIs. = 1735

/>. This torch profited the Batavians by its light for fifty years. Observe
the pun on his name — Fagel=Fackel=Fax=A torch.

rlenricus Velse. A medal dating his birth and death —
henrICVs VeLsIVs VerbI DIVInI MInIster . natvs vii . id . A
SEPT. = 1683

i,e. Henry Velse ^ minister of the Divine word^ born 24M September.
gaVDent eXWIae tVMVLo spIrItVs arCe poLI . ob , in. jan.= 1744
i.e. His remains rejoice in the tomb^ his spirit in the citadel of heaven.
' Lux et decus ecclesiae fuit'

i\. F. Kromayerus, a clergyman of Erfurt Congratulatory
verse to him on his birthday—
LVSTRA nItENS SENIor DVoDeNA per iETHERA VIXIt,

ANNOS TOT PROSPER VIVaT aDhVC VoVeO I ss 1705

i.e. He has lived for twelve lustra {sixty years) as a celebrated man, may
he live as many years to come, in happiness.

Kpitaph on a certain poet —
prInCeps poetarVM DeCessIt, mdccvii. = 1707

i.e. The prince of poets is dead.

Tobias Jacopo Reinhart, elected professor of the University
of Erfurt in 1729. A medal bears this inscription —
eLeCtorb . BONO . TENET . hVIVs . sCeptra . LvCeI.
reInhartVs . DoCtor . sIt . VoCo . DoCtVs . erat. = 1729

John Frideric Breithaupt, a learned man, patronized by the
Duke of Saxony. He translated the works which are mentioned
in this inscription on a medal struck to his memory —
EN . gorIon IaDen et rasChI sCrIpta notata

roMano breIthaVpt noster ab ore refert. = 1 7 10

Le. Lo I our Breithaupt translates from the Latin tongue the well-known
writings of Gorion, Jadem, and Rasch.

Lucas von Bostel, poet, etc., of Hambuig, born 1649, ^^cl
1 716. A medal is inscribed —

LVCas Von bosteL haMbVrgensIs D: =1716

i.e, Lucas von Bostel of Hamburg, died (Denatus).

374 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

John Joachim Hahn, Bishop of ... A medal represents a
poultry code on the summit of a rock, against which leans a bishop's
crozier, and the inscription, ' Lustrat et cantat/ in allusion to his
activity and vigilance. The device is a pun on his name —
s/EPE DIES VenIat IoChIMVs honors VoCatVs. = 1724

Le. May the day often happen when Joachim is called in honour.

D. Rivinus of the University of Leipzig. A medal to him is
inscribed — G

aCaDeMIa phILvrea IVbILat. = 1709

reCtore rIVIno MeDICIna professore. = 1709

f>. The Unroersity cf Leipzig rejoices^ Rivinus^ the prof essor of medicine^
being now the rector.

Another medal to the same —
forMet sors aeDes ConCors VrbI sIt IrIne. s= 1709

i.e. May fortune relate the house^ may concord and peace he to the city.
Fix phILVres aVgVst: qVIrIn: rIVInVs In Vrbe,

reCtor fIt qVater et teMporIs orDo noWs. = 1709

ie. O people of Leipzig^ Rivinus becomes < August Quirinus* in the dty^
he is made rector for the fourth time^ and there is a new order of time.

Another medal to the same —
IVbILat aLMa LIpsIa L^eta Deo. = 1709

i.e. Fair joyful Leizpig shouts with joy to God.

Philip William, Count of Boineberg, a medal to him
represents a town and a figure of Mmerva, inscribed with hexameter
cluronograms — G

eIa erfort tanto CoMIte et prInCIpb oaVDe. » 1709

Ipsa etenIM paLLas ileC sIgna tbnenDo sVperbIt. ass 1709

i.e. Hurrah^ Erfurt rejoices in such a count and such a prince^ for
Minetva herself rejoias in holding these signs.

The University of Halle, near Magdeburg, was established
in 1694; the succession of its ' Pro-rectors ' was thus commemorated
in verse a few years afterwards —
ANNO qVo stVDIIs statIo noVa qVerItVr HALiB, Ra

pVrpVra reCtorIs baIerI prIMa nItebat. = 1694

ie. The year when a new station was sought for studies at Halie^ the
purple of the rector Baier was the first that shone.
eXCeLLens strykIVs posthaC CapIt InCLyta sCeptra,

VIr tanto assVetVs non raro MVnere fVngL = 1695

i.e. The excellent Stryk after this takes the illustrious sceptre^ a man not
seldom accustomed to discharge so great an office.
tertIVs hoffManVs proreCtor In orDIne VehIt,

sVb qVo nostra saLVs erat Integra; prospera qVaVIs. a= 1696
Le. Hoffmann the third in order comes as pro-rector^ under whom our con-
dition was sound; everything prosperous.

DISTINGUISHED MEN— HALLE UNIVERSITY. 375

POST MVsAS reXIt CLarVs CeLLarIVs Iste,

tVLLIVs aLter, et Ipse ^eVI nostrI aLter apoLLq. = 1697

i,e. Afterwards the illustrious Cellarius governed the tnuses^ a secofid
ThlliuSy and himself a second Apollo of our age.
hInC pIa sCeptra CapIt CapVt hoC VeneranDIVs arte

theIoLoga, breIthaVpt, qVI Lata LaVDe VIretqVe. = 1698
i.e. Afterwards Breithaupt (broadhead) a hecul most venerable in theology
takes the sceptre^ and flourishes with extended praise.
DetreCtantb aLIo, post InCIpIt Ista boDInVs,

ConsVLtVs saCrIs IVrIs, IVrIsqVe CIVILIs. = 1699

Le. Some one disparaging him^ Bodinus cfterwards makes a beginnings
skilled in sacred and civil jurisprudence.
Veste, MaChaonIa bene stahL eXpertVs In arte,

pVrpVrea InDVtVs, VIr spartas egregIe ornat. = 1700

ue. Stahl^ well versed in the art of medicine^ was clad with thepurple^ a
man who el^ntly adorns the robe of office.
nVnCqVe bonIs aVIbVs CessIt bVDDee, tIbI sors,

eLeCtVsqVe VICes gerIs heIC pro prInCIpe regIs. = 1701

Le. Budceus ! the lot with its favouring auspices fell upon thee^ and being .
elected thou rulest here in place of the prince.
paVLVs et antonIVs seqVItVr, qVI ob noMIna sanCta

Latos sVCCessVs CVRiE feLICIs habebIt, = 1702

i.e. Paul and Antony follow^ who on account of the sacred names will
have joyful success in the happy charge.
eXCIpIt hVnC strykIVs, CeLebratI patrIs IMago,

paCatosqVe gerens VIrtVte sVb aVspICe fasCes. = 1703

i.e. Stryk follows him, the image of a celebrated father^ and carrying a
peaceful rod under the auspices of virtue.

Pietro Paolo Vergerio, Italian bishop of Capo d'Istria in
niyria, controversialist^ died in exile at Tubingen, 1565 — '
VergerIVs, fVerat qVI CLarVs epIsCopVs oLIM Mb

eX IVstInopoLI VIVat In arCe poLI. =s 1565

i.e. Vergerio^ who had formerly been an illustrious bishop of Capo
d^Istria^ may he live in the citadel of heaven.

Friedrich Christian, Bishop of MUnster. Inscriptions
placed on a monument to him — p

MORS frIDerICI ChrIstIanI, ss 1706

DIceCesIs MonasterIensIs epIsCopI, ss 1706

prInCIpIs aC DoMInI nostrI; = 1706

CLeRO et MCESTiB pLebI DVrA sors, s: 1706

McERORE pVbLICo DepLorata. = 1706

i.e. The death of Frideridi Christian^ Bishop of the diocese of MUmter^
our prince and lord; a hard condition for the clergy and sorrowful
people^ deplored by public mourning.

John Heinrich Horbinus, a clergyman of the church of St
Nicholas at Hamburg, who was prosecuted by some of his colleagues

376 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

until the period of his death, in the year denoted by this hexameter
line on a medal to him — F

F£LIX IVSTA fIDeS qVeM sic SVpER iETHERA VeXIt. = 1 695

u€, Happy is he wham righteous faith has thus carried above the sky.

I^yola. A medal commemorating the centenary of the presen-
tation by him of the institutes of the Jesuits to Pope Paul iii. in 1539
is inscribed —

ADSPICIS? EN CENTUM LOYOLa AMPLECTITUR ANNOS. = lOO

eXVLtate, eXVLtate IVstI In DoMIno. = 1639

eXVLtaVIt spIrItVs MeVs In Deo saLVatore. = 1639

i,e. Do you see f Behold^ Loyola embraces a hundred years. Be glad in
the Lord^ and rejoice^ ye righteous (Psalm xxxiL 2), and my spirit hath
rejoiced in God my Saviour (Luke i. 47).

Bemhard VI., Count of Lippe, a brave soldier, who distin-
guished himself in the war in Westphalia. His territory of Lippe was
abolished by this ^ar in 1447. The following are said to refer to him —
noLIte fIerI sICVt eqWs et MVLVs, In qVIbVs non est F
InteLLeCtVs. = 1447

ie. Be ye not as the horse or as the mule which have no understanding.
From Psalm xxxiL 9.

Ein Dekel aus der Taschen Cl3= 1000 ) F

Vier ort an der Flaschen CCCC= 400 > = 1447

Ein X ein L und sieben I XLIIIIIII= 47 j

Da waren die Bohmen hie.
i.e, A cover out of the pocket

Four marks on the bottle

An Xanh and seven I,

There the Bohemians were here.

The meaning is very obscure ; the chronogram is probably con-
temporary with the date, and the people of the period perhaps com-
prehended the joke.

CxOunt Philip Ludwig. A memorial was put up in the
Reformed Church at Hanau to him, inscribed with two hexameter
lines, 'one expressing his year and natal day, the other his year and
mortal day * — ^ F

VIta ortVs tIbI erat FLVIDiE* bIs nona noVeMbrIs. = 1576

NONA ssD aVgVstI Constanter prIMa beat^ = 161 2

i.e. The banning of life to thee was the iSth day of damp November.
But on the ^th ^ August was the first of perpetual blessedness.

Johann Heraclides Despota of Moldau, a Greek, bom in
1523. He came to Germany, studied at Rostock, was in the wars of
Charles v., became Prince of Moldau, and was killed in battle in
1563. A medal to him bears this chronogram — F

Despota sVb nonas hostILI obIt ense noVeMbres. = 1563

i,e. Despota dies by the sword of the enemy on the nones of November.

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 377

William vii., Count of Henneberg. A coin is inscribed
with the date of his death, thus — j?

gratIa saLVatI estIs per fIDeM. = 1559

Lt, By grace ye are saved through faith. Ephesians iL 8.
fVrChte DICh nICht, ICh habe DICh erLoset. = 1559

/>. Fear not^for I have redeemed thee, Isaiah xliiL i.

George Ernest, the last Count Henneberg, died 22A De-
cember 1583. His coat-of-arms and seal were buried with him in
1584, and Sparenburg made these chronograms to mark the occasion —
abIeCtVs est CLypeVs fortIVM, CLypeVs saVL aC sI non F
fVIsset. r= 1584

ue. The shield of the brave is cast away^ the shield of Saul as if it had
not been, (See 2 Samuel i, 21.)

qVI perseVerabIt VsqVe aD fIneM saLWs erIt. = 1584

i,e. He who shall persevere to the end shall be saved.

Wer bIs an seIn enDe beharret WIrD seLIg WerDen.= 1584
i.e. Same meaning as the foregoing.

The same Count restored the school at Schleusingen, and Sparen-
biurg also made this chronogram thereon —

ER HAT Vnser VoLCk LIeb VnD DIese sChVLe hat er aVCh
sChon gebaVt. = 1582

i.e. He likes our people^ and this school he has already built,

Francis Anthony, Count of Sporck, diedatLissa, 1738.
A memorial was erected, with an inscription describing him as a very
benevolent man, with this hexameter and pentameter chronogram —
sporCkIVs hoC sItVs est bVsto, LaCrIMare VIator F

nVnC LVgent CharItes reLLIgIo pIetas. = 1738

Le, Sporck is put in this tomb; weep^ O traveller^ religion and piety now
mourn his graces,

Heinrich Witzendorff, a burgomaster of Liineburg, is said to
have written a book about chronograms, epigrams, etc, entitled,
'Eccomidia,' etc. etc, in 1618. I am unable to find or hear of a
copy of it This obscure chronogram was written in praise of him.
It makes him forty years old —

' Eteomenehemerodistichon.
VnDena phcebes VIgena et nona VIgebat F

faX, VbI bVLeVtes aDIIt VVItzDorffIVs VInas. = 1618

Nicholas von Flue, bom in the Canton Unterwalden, 1417,
died 1487. It was owing to his patriotic exertion that in 1481
Freiburg and Solothum joined the Swiss confederation. He was
canonized in 1699. A medal relating to him is thus inscribed —
eXposItVs a Ioanne baptIsta De barnIs arChIep: eDess:
nVntIo apostoL: aD heLVetIos. = 1732

The date assigned to the medal is 1732. See Catalogue of Swiss
Coins in the South Kensmgton Museum, by R. S. Poole, 1878.

378 DISTINGUISHED MEN.

L, F. Krauss, bishop of Augsburg, is commemorated by a
medal bearing his portrait —

patrI post DeCeM LVstra offICII LIberI generI atqVe La
nVrVs pII et gratI. = 1830

Le. The children^ the sons, and the pious and grateful som4n4aw and
daughters-in-law [dedicate thisi to the father after fifty year^ service,

Frederic de Popp, an eminent judge in Bavaria, was honoured
by a medal bearing this date —

nestorI IVDICVM bIs qVInqVe LVstrIs PAXRliE gLorIose La
saCratIs. = 1834

i>. To the Nestor of judges^ for fifty years gloriously devoted to his
country,

A book, 'Variorum in Europa itinerum deliciae,' k Nath.
Churraeo. Paris, 1606. 8^ (Lambeth Palace Library, 75. F.
21), contains this eteostichon, said to be in the cemetery of St
Severin —
nVnCne LeVes postqVaM LICVIt shonberoIVs aVras,

CernIs, Vt eXtIngVI gLorIa nostra soLet? = 1557

i,e. After Shonberg has left the worlds dost thou not perceive how our
glory fades 1

Adrien Turnebe, philologist. A book, * Viri clariss: Adriani
Tumebi regise quondam Lutetiae professoris opera.' Argentorati
MDC. (Lambeth Palace Library, ^.6. F. 10.) The end of the volume
contains his biography, and many laudatory poems in Latin and
Greek concerning him ; one of them concludes with this ' Distichon
numerale,' giving the year of his death —
qWM soL iESTlVI LVsTRAT CanCrI IgneVs ortVs,

tVrnebVs eXhaVsto Corpore fraCtVs obIt. = 1565

i.e. When the fiery sun surveys the risings of the summer sign Cancer^
Thmebe^ exhausted and broken in body^ dies.

Juste Lipse, philologist, antiquary, etc., of Belgium, died 1606.
Epitaph made by Max: Vrientius. (The letters d are not counted) —
LiPSIVs heV, perIIt. qVId fIet? sCILICet ILLVd Pa

Lege noVA V^ dIsCas tV qVoqVe phoebe MorI. = 1606

ie, Lipse alas is dead^ what shall be done 9 Forsooth read this^ that
even thou^ O Phoebus^ may learn to die according to a new law,
LIpsIVs hIC sItVs est, fLos beLgICa et orbIs oCeLLVs,

ManIbVs eXoptet qVIsqVe qVIeta pIIs. s= 1606

i,e, Lipse is placed herCy the flower of Belgium and the darling of the
worlds may ecuh one wish rest for his soul,

Nicolas Claude Fabri de Peiresc, French philologist,
antiquary, and astronomer, died 23d June 1637 —

DISTINGUISHED MEN. 379

tertIa LVX qVA se CanCro faX eXtVLIt orbIs, Pa

peIresCVM seXtIs ContVmVLaVIt aqVIs. = 1637

i,e. The third day on which the torch of the world {the sun) came forth
in {the sign) Cancer^ it cdso buried Peiresc ctt Aix. Faulty because one
letter m is not counted. This is said to be in the cathedral at Aix
in France ; it correctly indicates the day of the month.

John Christopher de Tarnau, senator, died sth April 1708.
The following was part of a panegyric on the occasion —
taVsenD sIebenhVnDert aChte, D^ fVnften aprIL, stIrbt
herr Von tarnaV, eIn geWIssenhaffter rathherr, Ihr Ea
bVroer beWeInt Ihn : = 1708

Quo justior alter
I<fec pietate fuit^ patriae nee major amicus.
i.e. A thousand seven hundred and eighty on the fifth of Aprils dies Herr
von Tarnau^ a conscientious senator; bewail him, ye citizens. Than
whom none wets more true in piety, or a greater friend to his country,

J. Franciscus Bonhomius, bishop of Vercelli in Sardinia,
renowned in religion and science, died on 25th February 1587.
These verses were composed by a bishop of Li^ge, to his memory —
Cessarat Vt febrVo qVIna aC VICena, IoannIs B

franCIsCI, Moerens LegIa fVnVs habet. =; 1587

Plangite Vercellae, periit pars optima vestri,

Quae populis, fidei lumen in orbe dabat.
Justitise columen mirata est Belgica tellus,

Moestaque deflevit, orba parente suo.
ue. When the five-and-twentieth day of February hctd ended, Li^e
solemnly celebrates the funeral of John Francis. Weep Vercelli, the best
part of you hcts perished which gave to the people of the world the light
of faith. The Belgian land admired him as their pillar of justice, and
weeps sadly as one bereaved of its parent.

Ferry de Locre, alias Ferreolus Locrius, author and ecclesiastic
in the Netherlands, died 22d August 1614 — Db

LoCrIVs oCCIdIt, heI 1 DoCXiE LVgete CaMoen-e. = 1614

i.e. Locre alas falls, mourn ye learned Muses. The letters d are not
counted.

Nicolas Stochius of Leyden, rector of the public gymnasium
or college. His epitaph in St Peter's Church, Leyden, is dated by
numeral letters, cid . id . xciii, and chronogram —

tertIVs Vt LIbraM soL aqVo VIserat orbe, Db

ConCessIt fatIs stoChIVs, CceLosqVe petIVIt. 5? 1593

i.L When the third sun, or day, had beheld 'Libra* in the open sky,
Stochius yielded to the Fates, and betook himself to the heavens [about
the 2Sth September].

38o DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Gilbert Fuchs of Limbouig, died at Li^ge, 8th February 1567 ;
* some one made this verse ' —

seXto IdVs febrVI, MedICVs gILbertVs, In arte Dh

aLtVs et eXCeLLens, fVnere VICtVs obIt. = 1567

ue. On the sixth ides of February the physician Gilbert high and
excellent in arty falls conquered by death. The letters d are not
counted

K.emacle Fuchs, botanist, also of Limbourg, brother of the
last mentioned, died at Li^e, 21st December 1587. ' Some one ' also
made this chronogram —

JanI bIs send VItA, reMaCLe, CaLendas Db

eXCVterIs, fratrIs CLarVs et arte VIgens. = 1587

i.e» On the twice seven (14/^) calends of January thou easiest off thy life
O Remacle^ renowned and highly reputed in thy brother's art. The d is
not counted.

Lambert Helm, alicu Lambertus Ludolphi Pithopseus, died in
1596; he was an author in Netherlands. He commemorated the
death of his father, who died at Deventer the day before the calends
of July (prid : Cal : Quinctil : ), by this numeral distich —
LVDoLfI IaCet haC pIthopaI CorpVs In VrnA, Db

aspeCtV frVItVr spIrItVs Ipse DeI. = 1545

And he made this to mark the date of the death of his mother,
Luberte van Baerle, * in patria postrid : non : Januarii ' —
LVDoLfI hIC ConIVnX plTHOPiEl ConDItVr VrnA, Db

In VerA Constans qVa pIetate fVIt. = 1554

i.e. I. The body of Ludolf Pithopceus lies in this tomb, his spirit rejoices
in seeing God. — 2. The wife of Ludolf Pithopceus is here hidden in the
tomby she who was constant in true piety.

Jean Baptiste Victor Schuttelaere, his epitaph ends thus—

HIC JACET Db

LVX aCaDeMIa eXspIraVIt. = 1683

i,e. The light of the University lies here, he has breathed his Icut.

Cornelius Schulting, a Netherlands ecclesiastic, who died on
St. George's day, 23d April 1604. His epitaph concludes thus —
Vt LVX aXe poLI fortIs CasVra georgI, Db

CoeLItVs a CharA Morte VoCatVs abest. = 1604

The author of the book now being quoted, remarks, * Ce n'est pas
la beauts de ces vers, qui m'engage k les reporter.'

Henri von dem Himmel, alias Henricus Uranius, of the
town of Rees in Cleves, philosopher and theologian, rector of the
College, died at an advanced age, 7th December 1578. His epitaph
ends with this date (observe the play on his name, Anglid ' Heaven') —

DISTINGUISHED MEN, 381

reCtor It VranIVs : nICoLaI festa peregIt ; Db

sIt, bene pr^sago eX noMIne, CceLICoLa. = 1578

Joannes Warderholt gratitudinis ergo posuit
ue. The rector Himtnel departs: he finished on the festival of St. NicholaSy
let him be {I presage well by the name) an inhabitant of heaven,

Jean Francis Herthals, philosopher, of Louvain. His epitaph
in St Quintin Church thus concludes —

Natus erat annos tantum eheu ! L. Obiit viii. Id: Decern. Quid,
obiit? Dormit, et resurrectionem pro sua pietate felicem expectat :
immo — Db

VIVIt non MorIens In DeCretaLIbVs herthaLs. = 1720

Franjois Winchant of Mons, scholar and author. His
epitaph is thus dated, from Matth. xxxiv. 44 —

ESTOTE paratI, nesCItIs qVA horA DoMInVs Vester Db
VentVrVs sIt. = 163 s

ue. Be ye ready y ye know not in what hour your Lord will come,

Franfois Fabricius, an eminent scholar, a native of Boland
in Limbourg, died 23d February 1573 —

SEPTENAS VoLVens beLLI CIta LVna CaLenDas, Db

FATO fabrICII trIstIa sIgna Dabat. = 1573

i,e. The swift moon bringing with her, seven caknds of war \i.e. of
Mars = the month of March\ gave sad warnings to the destiny of
Fabricius. The day vil ante Calendas Martis of tiie Roman Calendar
is equivalent to the 23d of February.

Antoine Ghenart died on ist March 1595 ; some verses on
the event conclude thus —

oCCIdIs, antonI, MartI Vt Venerande CaLendIs, Db

TE InCLIta fLet VIrtVs heV pIetatIs apeX. = 1595

Various readings were suggested by learned commentators of the
period to remedy an apparent obscurity ; Vt Ventre CaLendIs,
InCLIta; er, Vt Ventre CALENDiE, te InCLYta. The letters
D are not counted This translation will express the meaning : Thou
diesty O Antoine^ when the calends of March arrived^ alas thou highest
ornament ofpieiy^ even the most illustrious virtue weeps for thee /

Johannes Stosselius was known in Saxony as a professor and
theologian, and he became a * distinguished man ' when he died in
1576, by this hexameter chronogram (said to be his epitaph) — /

stosseLIVs DVbItat MIserJ; atqVe Ita sentIt obItqVe. = 1576
i.e. Stossel doubts miserably ^ and so thinking he dies also.

APPLAUSE AND LAMENTATIONS.

LATTERY is the leading feature of the chronograms
in this group. In addition to compositions of a similar
character in other pages of this volume, here are some
birthday and marriage odes, and applauding addresses
to imperial personages, as well as lamentations on the
occasion of their funerals ; all composed in a fanciful and elaborate
style, which it is to be hoped brought an adequate reward to the
writers of them. Other persons of local renown who in a similar
manner, though in a lesser degree, have been commemorated by
chronogram, are included in the group.

THE visit of the Emperor Leopold i. and his son Joseph to Au^
burg in 1689 is the subject of a volume, a copy of which is
in the library of the Society of Antiquaries, London, bearing this
title, * Kronen zur Zierd und Schutz des Heiligen Romischen Reichs,
auf dessen Kayserin und Konigs Eleonora und Josephi, etc
Nuremberg, 1690.' 4^, 27 plates. Accompanpng the narratives
are some exceedingly curious chronogrammatic compositions and
odes in honour of the Emperor, and among them is an imitation of
the Te Deum laudamus^ also an imitation of the Benedicite omnia
opera ; and thirdly, the Emperor, Empress, and Joseph are extolled in
an ode as the ' Trinity of the world ; the first of these compositions,
at p. 27, is thus introduced —

Applausus Augustanus, ex Divino H3rmno SS. Ambrossii et
Augustini, Te Deum laudamus, concinnatus felicissimo adventu
Augustissimi Romanorum Imperatoris Leopoldi i. et Augustissimse

LEOPOLD L

383

Imperatricisy nee non serenissimi principis Josephi, regis Hungariae,
Vienna Austrise Augustum Vindelicorum intrantis.

Die 31 Augusti. Anno mdclxxxix.
TE nVMen LaVDare IWat sVpeilethera regnans

NOBIs tV ASTRA REGENS CONFItEARIs HERVs.
TE PATER oMnIpOTENS TELLVs VeNERATVr, ET iETHER,

A qVo STAT aXes, sIDereIqVe gLobI.
spIrItVs angeLICI tIbI, CceLI, et qVaqVe potestas
CVM CherVbIn, seraphIn Lata TROPiLfiA CanVnt.

SANCtVS lol SABAOTH DeVs, ANTE EST SiSCVLA SANCtVs,

LaVDe Id ! et sterna In saCVLa sanCtVs erIt.
reX MaIestatIs sVnt pontVs, trrra poLVsqVe,

gLorIa et ATERNiE, SIDeRA pLeNA TViE,

sanCtVs apostoLICVs gaVDens ChorVs, iETHERE paVstVs,

ILLe InCessanter, te CanIt ore, DeVs.
TE LaVDant Vates, seV sanCta prophetICa tVrba,

VoCe et DIVInA CantICa saCra ferVnt.
MartyrIo affbCtVs saCer, aC eXerCItVs Ingens,

lot CiELESTi psaLLIt In aXe tIbI.
ET tVa sponsa patens, genItrIX eCCLesIa LVCens,

teqVe patreM CceLI sanCta fatetVr oVans.
aC VeneratVr oVans te, ante oMnIa saCVLa nata,

eX CceLIs proLes VnICa sanCta patrIs.
eX patre, et agnato proCessIt spIrItVs aLMVs,

A SE ABS /ETERNO TRInVs, ET VnVs aDeST.

gLorIa, honor, VIrtVs, tIbI sIt reX ChrIste reDeMptor,

qVI bonItate POTENS jETHERA, nosqVe regIs.
VerVs ab aterno tV patrIs fILIVs aVo,

tV gnate atheree es, spes Mea, ChrIste DeVs 1
sCILICet, Vt soLVas aterno CarCere CLaVsos,

tV terra abs Vtero es VIrgIneo ortVs hoMo.
In CrVCIs heI 1 LIgno CrVDeLI fVnere VInCIs,

In te CreDentI tV referasqYe poLos.
CreDerIs esse soLo VentVrVs ab athere IVDeX,

InDb Instans terrIs fInIs et orbIs erIt.
ChrIste reDeMIstI pretIoso sangVIne serVos,

qVaso hIs sVbVenIas LargIter ergo tVIs.
pLaVsV Inter sanCtos faCIas nVMerarIer ILLos,

gLorIa In iETERNA sCILICet aXe frVI.
tV CeLse eX CceLo beneDIC hareDIbVs oro,

saLVos faC serVos, ChrIste benIgne, tVos,
qVotIDIb beneDICtVs erIs DeVs, arbIter orbIs,

perpetVo In nostro LaVs sIt In ore tVa.
KT LaVDare IWat IesV VenerabILe noMen,

TOTA, A qVo, terra EST ORTA nItORB SALVS.

nos sIne peCCatIs LVCe haC DIgnare tVerI,
DIVe ea pVrIfICa sangVIne ChrIste TVa

1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689

3^4

LEOPOLD L

tV nostrI miserere DeVs pIetate sVpernA,

sVsCIpe saLVator tV bone pastor oVes,
InfInIte DeVs VeLVtI speraVIMVs In te,

NOS sVpER YUbC pIeTAS fIaT ABiETH'RE PATEN&

In te ConfIDo, nVLLo ConfVnDar In iEVo,
SPE ChrIstI InnIXVs, sCILICet astra peto.

♦*♦ .

CasareIs iEQVILIs fortVna aVgVsta nItesCIt,
C/esarIs IntroItVM ConCeLebrantqVe poLI.

> ^•m <

{sk) U

Ex sancto Cantico Trium Puerorum. Dan : 3.
Benedicite omnia opera Domini Domino.
VoCe CreatorI beneDICIte CVnCta Creata,

eXVLtate Deo, qVI est sVpbr astra regens,
aLIgerI pLaVsV beneDICIte CVnCtIpotentI,

perpetVAqVe poLI DICIte VoCe bene.
ET beneDICIte aqV-®, qVx, sVnt sVper abra C<£LI,

CVnCta et VIrtVtes ore DeCente Canant.
appLaVsV beneDICIte soL, et LVna IehoV-*,

ET steLLa CiELI LVCe VoVete Deo.
rIte eXVLtantes, sVperIs beneDICIte nIMbVs,

ET Ros In terra, et spIrItVs /ethereI.
IgnIs, et /estVs eI et beneDICIte, frIgVs et ^bstas,

VnVs, qVI oMnIpotens, soLVs et astra regIt.

ET DICaNT RORES, MATVTiNiEQVE PRVIn^

frIgVs, et ore geLV per sVa Vota bene.
ET gLaCIes, saCrIsqVe nIVes beneDICIte VotIs,

NoX, ET IVre DIes CantICa saCra ferant.
aVrea LVX phcebI, et tenebr« beneDICIte noCtIs,

aC nVbes sanCto, et fVLgVra CeLsa, Deo.
et VIrtVte pIA beneDICat terra perenne

ET sVper eXVLtet, nVMen In orbe potens.
Vos CanIte et Montes, sVperIsqVe Io psaLLIte CoLLes,

qVotqVot et eXCresCens arbor, et herba soLo.
eXCeLso In CgbLIs terra beneDICIte pontes,

DICIte et oCeanI, Vos fLWIIqVe bene.
Vestro faCtorI beneDICIte granDIa Cete,

pLaVsVs CiELESTEs en VoLVCresqVe ferVnt.
bestIa Io et peCora, et qV^VIs anIMaLIa CLangant,

Vos qVoqVe fILII eVa CantICa ferte saCra.
IVre Io ! VotIs beneDICat IsraeL IpsVM :

perpetVo regnans, qVI fVIt, est erIt.
VosqVe saCerDotes saCrA beneDICIte VoCe,

serVIqVe ILLIVs psaLLIte L>etItIIs.
spIrItVs aterno IVstI sanCtIqVe pVsILLI.

CantICa Cantantes saCra hVMILesqVe ferant.

f =

1689
1688
1689

= 1689

1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689^
1689
1689
1689
1689
1689

LEOPOLD L

ananIa, azarIa et MIsaeL, be^eDICIte patrI
perpetVo abs Ipso VIVItVr VsqVe patre.

TE beneDICaMVs pater, ft fILI, te et spIrItVs ore,
InfInIto iEVo trInVs et VnVs erat.

et beneDICtVs IoI LaVDabILIs, ore beato,
eXtoLLatVr per SiBCVLA CVnCta regens.

eLeonora tIbI rVtILans bene DIXIt oLyMpVs,
ET tVa posterItas STAT sIne fIne VIrens.

CHRONO'PROGRAMMA.
aVgVsta aVgVstI' LeopoLDI a LVMIne VIVat.

CHRONO'ANAGRAMMA.
a IoVe MILLe pLVIt Vates noVa gaVDIa gVstV.i

CHRONO'ACROSTICON ad Regent Hunganae.
'-^LLVXIt phcebVs video post nVbILa per qVe g
WX CceLIs VenIVnt Vere aVgVstIssIMa Don>
WVnt pLaVsVs MVnDo, Io feLIX IVbILat /ethe »

GIVaTQVe eXCLaMaNT IoSEPhVs AB -fiTHERE DIV 1-^

^IC pIVs eX VotIs VIDeat reX teMpora Long^

CHRONO-PROGRAMMA.
VIVat IosbphVs neo LVX De LVMIne soLIs."
CHRONO'ANAGRAMMA.
eXVLtans hoDIe LVsV VI VenIs oLIMpo.
(The auihof's signature) —

VoVebat aVgVstInVs CasIMIrVs reDeLIVs.

}-
}=

These chronograms also occur separately —
aVgVsta, aVgVsto pro rege eLeCtVs Iqseph

aVgVsto Ipse Deo pr«erIt IMperIo.
Iosephe reX et arChIDVX, In orbe feLIX IMpera!

The following ode (?) is printed in a column of short lines and
single words —

Leopold Vs MagnVs* pIVs IVstVs et gLorIosVs VIrebIt! =
ConsILIo et InDVstrIa IMperator eX sVo nostroqVe ) _
VoTO beatVr! j

aqVILa et Leo VIgebVnt, perennIqVe IMperIo robVste ) _
fLorentes gaVDebVnt. j ^

eLeonora MagDaLena theresIa* VnIonIbVs aVroqVe ) _
AVoVsT-fi RiTk ET oLoRlosk ornatVr 1 / ""

IosephVs^ a fortI fortIs faVente Deo, eLIgItVr* et *
CoronatVr'^ reX roManVs.

38s

1689
1689
1689

1689

1689
168^
1689
1689
1689

1689

1690
1690

1690

^ There is one letter E too many in this line, otherwise the chrono-anagram is perfect.
* There are two redundant letters, E, s, in this line, otherwise the anagram is perfect.
' Bom 9th July 1640. * Bom 6th January 1655.

' Bom 26th June 1678 ; he succeeded Leopold as Emperor in 1705.
' 24th January 1687. ' 20th January.

386

LEOPOLD L

DeLICIa imperii eXoptato gratIa anno et perennIter
VIVant, VIreant, VIgeant. =

LeopoLDVs MagnVs IVpIter IoVIaLes IVXta ! =

eLeCtor MogVntInVs,^ nestorea DonatVs sapIentIA, eX ) _

REGIonIs sViE VOTO REGET I j

eLeCtor treVIrensIs sVos VIrtVtVM raDIos aVgVsta ) _

spargIt ! j

IosephVs CLeMens^ agrIppInense sIDVs, perennIter ) _

ornabIt sVos et ab eIs, pik et rIt^ eXornabItVr I /

IMperatorIs^ gener, eLeCtor baVarLe fortVna

I Wante, aVDentIor VsqVe perget !

Iohannes georgIYs III.^ eLeCtor, saXonVM herds

fortItVDIne perennIter VIgebIt I

eLeCtor branDenbVrgensIs,* MagnI parentIs et heroIs

natVs, VestIgIIs InsIstIt par fYtYrVs !

phILIppVs* gVILheLMVs nerobVrgensIs nestor, foVente ') _

Deo, natabVs et natabIs ter beatVs ! /

1690
1690

1690
1690
1690
1690
1690
1690
1690

This is followed by five pages of eulogy on Leopold, Eleonora,
and Joseph, and some of the Princes of Germany, printed in
irregular lines, and composed in chronogram. The words are as
follows (and there is no stint of flattery)^-

LeopoLDo qVoVsqVe MILItant sVperI frVstra A

sInIstra fortVna tentatVr.

eX VotIs LeopoLDe tIbI qVIa MILItat aether .

PROSPERA TE QViERiT SORS, ET InIqVa PERIt. /

Auf Ihro ElayserL Majestat.
I.
LeopoLDVs aVgVstVs trIVMphator gLorIosVs In terrIs )

EVROPiElS. /

DeVotIs LeopoLDe tIbI pVgnabItVr astrIs, Vt
IoVe propItIo praLIa DIVa geras.

LeopoLDVs trIVMphantIbVs aqVILIs sVos sVbIVgat") _

HOSTES >

esto trIVMphator, toto LeopoLDVs In orbeI
hostIs erVnt aqVILa terror VbIqVe sVa

1690
1690

^ Anaelmns Franciscus, Elector of Mayence.

* Joseph Clement, Archbishop of Cologne.

' Maximilian Emanuel, bom 1662, Elector of Bavaria, 1679-1726.
^ John George in., bom 1647, Elector of Saxony, 1680-1691.

ft Frederick in., bom 1657, Elector of Brandenburg and Dnke of Prussia. He was
crowned King of Prassia in 1701.

* Philip wilhelm von Neubuig, Elector- Palatine, died 1690.

LEOPOLD L 387

Auf Ihro Majestat die Kayserin.
eLeonora, aVstrLe aVrora, gratIa DeI aVgVsta
IMperatrIX CoromatVr. = 1690

VIVa eLeonora IMperante aVgVsta !

VIVa regIa Casa D'aVstrIa I

I = 1690

1690

Auf den neuen Romischen Konig.

IosephVs, reX VngarI^ faVore DeI pro rege roMano
eLIgItVr, et CoronatVr. = 1690

aVgVsta, aVgVsto pro rege eLeCtVs Ioseph )

aVgVsto Ipse Deo prcerIt IMperIo. j

11.
sVaDentIbVs astrIs eLIgente oCtoVIratV Ioseph reX est
roManVs = 1690

Magna patratVrVs tenerIs pr/eLVDIt ab annIs ) _ ^

aVstrIaCo Ioseph, reX patre rege satVs. j ^ ^

Auf alle Drey.
I.
LeopoLDVs pater, eLeanora Mater, reX IosephVs gnatVs,
aVgVsta et regIa trInItas orbIs.^ = 1690

tV LeopoLDe pater, Mater Leonora IosephVs ) _ .

gnatVs, reX orbIs regIa VIVe trIas.^ / "" ' "°

11.
soL ET LVna CceLo LeopoLDVs, eLeonora, IosephVs VeLVt

ASTRA, trIna pIa VIta LVCe terrIs spLenDent. = 1690

soL aC LVna poLIs : LeopoLD, Leonora IosephVs ) _ >;^

LVCent VIVa VeLVt sIDera trIna soLo. / "" ^^^^
Auf Ih. Churf. Gnaden zu Mayntz.

anseLMVs franCIsCVs Coronat CoronatI regIs VngarI^

CapVt CoronA aVgVsta teVtonIa = 1690

REGE CORONATO aVgVSTO, tVa REGIa DeXtRA ) _ ^

anseLMe, InsIgnI prorsVs honone VIret. j '^

Auf Ih. Churf. Durchl. zu CoUn.
L

CLeMens raDIante VIrtVtIs nItore rheno Vt phoebVs
eXorItVr. = 1690

aVreVs arrIDet CLeMens VIrtVtIs ab astro 1=6

phcebVs rheanI spesqVe SERENA sInVs. j ~ ^ ^®

IL
CLeMentIa aVrora baVara rhenI eXortas sInV proDIgIoso
benIgnItatIs astro IntVentes attrahIt. = 1690

stIrpe satVs baVarA CLeMens VIrtVte serenVs ) _ .

PRiEPARET Vt nobIs, arDet In ASTRA VIas. j "" ^^^

^ Observe the flattering words, ' trinity of the world,' etc

388 LEOPOLD L

Auf Ih. Churf. Gnaden zu Trier.

hVgo ab aDVerso VALDfe VeXatVs, ferebat aspera, prVDenter

ET CoNSTANTER. = 1690

serVs honos LaVs Larga tIbI DebetVr ab orbe, ) __ ,

hVgo, qVA prVDens atqVe fIDeLIs agIs. j ^

11.
hVgoneM sInIstra sors aCrIter VeXare potVIt, haVD
VIoLare. = 1690

hVgo par aVro, VeL Vt aVrI ponDVs ab Igne ) _ ,

sanCta sVI, DIrA sorte, probata fIDes. / ^

Auf Ih. Churf. Durchl. in Bayem.
L
eManVeL DVX BAVARlfiy qVo In praLIo non generosIor
aLIVs. = 1690

DVX BOl-fi FORTES oppVgnat fortIbVs hostes, 1 _ ,

aVgVsta est belli gLorIa MartIs honos. > ^ "^

IL
Leo baVarVs IMpaVIDVs barbaros hostIs InsVLtVs
eLVsIt. = 1690

DentatI aVffVgere Canes, rVgIente Leone J ^

tVrpIor abstraXIt rostra sVperba tIMor. j "" ^ ^°

Auf Ih. Chur£ Durchl. zu Sachsen*
L
georgIVs saXo DVX, et MILes, nVLLI InferIor* =: 1690

fortIter ense CaLet tVa DeXtera Magne georgI, ) _ ^

PRO IoVe pVgnastI, teVtonL^qVe bono. j "" '^°

IL
Magne georgI oLIVa rVt^ sponsata, ense ConneXa serta
saXonIa reDIntegraVIt. = 1690

fLorebIt seMper tVa gLorIa saXo georgI / • \ I _ g

ENSE qVo aDVernat rVta et oLIVa tIbI. ^^ j "■ ^^^

Auf Ih. Chur£ Durchl zu Brandenburg.
L
frIDerICVs per arMa IneXpVgnabILIa eXpVgnat. = 1690

fortIa prosternIs QViEVIs frIDerICe, VaLore ) _ ^

Mars Vt In ense VIges, IVpIter Igne tonas. j "" ^^°

IL
frIDerICVs Marte feLIX, et qVo VIX fortIor. = 1690

ferreVs oppVgnat, frIDerICVs, et IgneVs hostes, ) _ ,

gLorIa qVA pVgnat, MaIor an esse qVeat. / "" ^^°

Auf Ih. Churfiirstl. Durchl. zu Pfalte.
L
phILIppVs WILheLMVs paLatInVs, prInCeps eLeCtor,
gestIs et ConsILIIs gLorIosVs. = 1690

rIDeat aVgVsto WILheLMVs pLenVs honore

ASTRA SERENA sIbI FRONTE FaVeNTE nItENT.

> = 1690

LEOPOLD L— JOSEPH L 389

II.

HORTI PALatInI VIrKNT, aVgVstIs ET REGIIs, AVSTRliE ET

hIspanIa pLantIs, apparatV MaIestatIs fLorIDI. = 1690

fLora paLatInIs, aVgVstIs VIVIDa pLaittIs, ) _ ^

MaIestate VIget, prosperItate VIret. / "" '^9°

Schlusz-Rcde.

teVtonIa trIVMphat GLoRlosi Contra aDVersarIos

qVoVsqVe VnIta est. = 1690

Magnates Inter DeVota est VnIo, feLIX ) _ ^

fLoreat aVoVsta gLorIa teVtonIa j "" ^^^^

•►•^»

JOSEPHUS PRIMUS,
Rex Romanorum, novissime electus atque
Augustae Vind: Coronatus, natusque
Rex vngarorvm
Archidvx Avstriae,
Dvx bvrgvndiae, et
Comes tirolis

ANAGRAMMA
METEICO-ETEOLOGJCUM.
Ergo tvis heros, ac rex, avgvste, coronis

Ipsi addant palmas, marsqve minerva novas !
Maxime nvnc vivas dvx ! vi hosti terror vtriqve I

o VnVs regVM LVX, Vt et orbe DeCVs I = 1690

Eegia sva Majestati^
Dicat Humillitnus
(Signid) Marcus Christophorus Merer.

1 here are some engravings of medals relating to Leopold and
Joseph, with German translations of the Latin inscriptions, some of
which are in chronogram. I extract the following —
Joseph Vs LI gerManIa reX DIV VIVat aC gVbernet. = 1690
gLVCkLICh VnD Lang Lebe Von nVn an IosephVs Der 51
konIg Vnsrer teVtsChen reIChe.^ &= 1690

IosephVs I. feLIX IMperIo gaVDeat aVgVst^ CoronatVs
26. Jan: = 1690

Ioseph I. Der DIe kron In aVgspVrg trVg Da Von, )

brfreV sICh Lang ob Vnsern teVtsChen thron.* {sic.) j "° ^'^^

^ This is a singular chronogram. The letters Li must be counted with the other
numeral letters ( =51) to make the date 1690. Joseph was the fifty-first king in succession,
reckoning from Charlemagne.

* There is a discrepancy of 100 years between the Latin inscription and the German
translation.

}"■

1690

390 LEOPOLD L— JOSEPH L

Oder:

ES freV sICh Lang ob Vnsern teVtsChen thron^
losEPH I. Der DIb kron («f) > = 1790

In aVospVro trVg Da Von. 26 Jan:^ )

IosephVs LeopoLDVs kt eLeonora trIVMphent aVgVstI
VIVant sortIs honore pares. • = 1690

kaIser sohn VnD kaIserIn

sIsG bLeIb eVrer kron gsWInn !

Ia es heb eVCh Das gesChICk

reIff an ehren, gLeICh an gLVCk !

A BIRTHDAY poem addressed to the infant Arch-Duke of Austria,
jr\ Leopold, the son of the Emperor Leopold l, a thin volume of
large folio size (British Museum, press-mark 603. 1. 23). It consists of
only twenty pages and seven beautiful copperplate engravings, or rather
mezzotints. The title-page is printed all in capital letters, of various
sizes, and is as follows —

Genethliacon serenissimo neo-nato Archiduci Austriae Leopoldo,
augustissimi Romanorum Imperatoris Leopoldi primi, ac magni
magno nepoti, augusti Germania^ Hungariaeque regis Josephi primi
primo-genito, veteris ac novi saeculi Jano, profundissima submissione
adomatum, et symb6lis exomatum k P. Engelberto BischofiT &
Societate Jesu. Anno quo Archi-ducale hoc genethliacon

LeopoLDo DfiDICa = 1701

(Printed at Vienna.)
Leopold I. is complimented as the modem Janus, who closes the door
of the past and opens that of the then present century, the year 1701,
alluding probably to his being able to settle the peace of Europe. A
large portion of the subject is composed in chronogram, and to that
portion the excerpts will, as far as possible, be restricted.

At p. 3 is ' Prolusio ad Genethliacum hunc applausum,' in which
Leopold is applauded in high-flown Latin phrases, and a playful use
of jingling words ; he is the Janus of the period, the maker of peace
or war, and he is congratulated on the birth of a son, the young arch-
duke. These words bring the * prolusio ' to a conclusion —

Ut compendio Genethliacum hoc proloquium absolvam
Chronologicum duntaxat votum Serenissimo Jano persolvam
CresCat neo-genItVs arChIDVX LeopoLDVs ) ^

VeterIs aC noVI SiECVLI IanVs! / "" '^^^

sic NoVo Iano preCatVr ^

sVbIeCtIssIMVs In ChrIsto serWs f

( The author's signature)— J " ' ' °^

engeLbertVs bIsChoff soCIetatIs IesV. )

' There is a discrepancy of 100 years between the Latin inscription and the German
translation.

GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD L 391

The author then proceeds with his dedication; these lines occur
in it —

VIVat sIt sanVs, MoDb LapsVs ab iETHERE IanVs! 1 _

VItaqVe Longa fLVat, non nIsI ser6 rVatI f '

fIes MonarCha LEOPoLDBy = 1701

erIs soL Mente, Leo CorDe. = 1701

aDneCto hIC Meas = 1701

CoMpenDIo preCes. = 1701

{Signed) Prostratissimus Author.

At p. 7 is a long poem containing frequent play upon the name
Leopold, such as * Mitis erit et fortis ; Agnus et Leo ; Agnus in sub-
ditos Leo in hostes.^ Flattery is unbounded ; it concludes with this
'ominous' anagram on his name [omen on nomen] —
Programma. Leopoldus.

Anagramma, PuUos \ j

At page 8 the author introduces the following —

VOTUM CABALISTICUM AD
LeoneM De pIo Cesare Leone: = 1701

Adolescat Magni Leonis Nepos!

24 3 24

I 4 2 I

I 3

ColUdio numerorutn.

1421

243

Supputatio facit annum, 1701

C LA VIS CABALjE.

A. E. I, O. V.

I. 2. 3. 4. S.

Programma. Leonis NepOS.
Anagramma. Leones Ponis.

EXPLICATIO EPIGRAMMATICA.

Nate \ao ponis Geticos, Stemisque Leones^
Annon, dum cresces omnia monstra premes?

De Leone CarMen LeonInL^ = 1701

gaVDet Casar aWs, saLIt Inter gaVDIa DraWs," 1 _ ^
TOTA SONO sVaVI perstrepIt ora saVL^ ) '

^ The ' Leonine verses ' are here used as conveying a plav on the name of Leopold.
The]|r usually consist of Latin hexameters and pentameters, m rhyme ; the most common is
that in whidi the csesura in the fifth syUable rhymes with the end of the line, as in the above
verses. Other metres are, however, used in the Leonine hymns of the Roman Catholic
Church. The name is said to have been derived from Leoninus, a monk of the twelfth
century. He may very possibly have revived the use of these rhymes, but they are found
composed as far back as the third century.

' The names of rivers in Eastern Europe, the scene of Leopold's success in war.

392

GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD L

CIVes gratantVr LItVIsqVe, tVbIsqVe IoCantVr,

aC sCLopeta sonant, fVLMIne VaLLa tonant.
ISTE aWs est DIgnVs, CVI sIt taM nobILe pIgnVs,

astraqVe, sorsqVe fa Vent, Barbara regna pa Vent.
mInC patrIa aVgesCet; DVX hIC VbI pVsIo CresCet,

aLter erIt gnaVo par LeopoLDVs aVo.
attrahIt Ingentes a taLI CiCSARE Mentes,

DVX orbI natVs qVI VenIt aXe satVs.
InnVIt en WLtVs, qVanDo regnabIt aDVLtVs,

rVgIet Iste Leo pro patrIa, atqVe Deo.

At page 9 the author proceeds to extol the mother of young
Leopold, the Empress Eleonora —

eXaVDIta fVIt preCatIo tVa fortVnata aVIa 1 _

IMperatrIX eLeonoraI j

MererIs De CceLo eLeonora =

LeopoLDos Cernere geMInos; =

sIC steLLa'speM Dat, =
Ad quam symbola Tua navis stat

fortVnante Deo, patrIIsqVe faVentIbVs aVstrIs
seCVro naVIs traMIte tVa VoLaI
naVIgII CLaVo DeVs assIDet Ipse, VehetqVe.
aD fortVnatos aVra sVperna sInVs.

VOTUM CABALISTICUM.

Vivat ! perennet Aviae Magnae Nepos !

31 2221 312 I 12 2 4

I70I

■ —

I70I

•=

I70I

■=

1 701

' ~

1 701

I70I

I70I
I70I
I70I

1 701
1 701

Demonstratio
CabalisHca.

Vivat! 31

Peremiet. 22%
Aviae. 13 12
Magnae, 112
Nepos. 24

N.B.—In Aac Cabala, V,
nuiiibi VocaHs ^t

In hac summa confidtur annus 1701

Frogramma. Augusta Eleonora,
Anagramma. O Nate Lauros auge !

EXPLICATIO EPIGRAMMATICA.

Augustam Austriadum gentem Leopoldulus auxit;

Lauros augebit, duro Leopoldus erit.

Programma secundum. Foitunante Deo.

Anagramma secundum. O Foituna tende.

Then an epigram is followed by these lines —

eIa DoCTiE CAMcENiE

aMceno De parnassI CoLLe
ELEONORiE nepoi^eM DIONk CeLebrate !

I70I
I70I
I7QI

GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD L 393

eLeonoraI DatVs DVX est In gaVDIa natVs, ) _ ^

pIgnVs sVaVe poLI, spes pretIosa soLI. j '

pLaVsV IVCVnDo, te partV IVno seCVnDo, )

ILLeCebrIsqVe beat, IVbILa Lata Great. J '

TE DeVs ornaVIt, pVLChrA te Dote beaVIt, ) _ ^

teqVe aVXIt DonIs, -fiTHERElsgVE bonIs. / '

= 1 701

'= 1701
= 1701

DIVIte thesaVro, pVro est qVoqVe CharIor aVro

IsTE NEPOS, MatrIs LVsVs, honorqVe patrIs.
VIVe DIV LiETfe, tetrA sIne nVbe, qVIetI;!

nVMen, sorsqVe faVe, fata sInIstra CaVe.
IsTE NEPOS Vernet, pLaVDat faVstVsqVe gVbernet !

In soLIo VIbret, IVra sVpreMa LIbret.^
At page II the author proceeds to extol the Emperor Joseph, and
concludes his verses with these lines —

HAC PALMA HiEREDE L-fiTARE lOSEPHE ! = 170I

aMata Deo, Chara CiESARl, = 1701

seMper De CaLo fLorebIt; = 1701

aVgVstoqVe, AVoVsT-figVE

CresCet patrI, CresCet MatrI, . _ j^^j

AVSTRliEQVE, PATRliKQVE, ' '

totI CresCet LatIo.

ALLUSIO CABALISTICA.

Austria Palmarum Humus.

IS 31 I I 5 5 5

ColUdio horum numerorum, 1531 Clatis Cabala,

IIS A, E. I. o. u.

55 I- 2. 3. 4. 5.

Summa facit annum, 1 70 1

ProgramnuL Palma.
Anagramma. Ampla.

EXPLICATIO EPIGRAMMATICA.

Virga fuere, modb feriunt quse Sydera, Palmas
Ampla, erit et nobis, quae mod6 Palma datur.
Ut poeticis sua fides fidibus sit,
Sequentia vates chronographus non tarn dicit qukm praedicit.
fILIVs optatVs taLI DVX sangVIne natVs^
LaVrVM fronte feret, regIa sIgna geret.
EST aqVILa fcetVs trans ^thera tenDere sVetVs,

VnqVIbVs Ista CaVIs arMa rotabIt aVIs.
sVnt AQVILiE nVLLI nIsI CeLso peCtore pVLLI,

qVIqVe sCIant natI fVLMIna VIsa patI.
fers AQVILiE Mores, Iosephe, paresqVe VIgores,
trans fVLgVr nVbIs fVLgIDVs astra sVbIs.

^ Observe the ' Leonine ' composition of these verses.
3I>

1 701

• =

I70I

> s

I70I

• =

I70I

394

GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD L

eX aqVILa natVs pVer oMnI est Dote beatVs,
sangVInIs est rarI, fVLgor honorqVe LarI.
In renItente sago, sI fVLgeat Ista propago,

DVX aqVILInVs erIt, qVI VIgIL arMa gerIt.
nVbIbVs InsVrget, Venas VIgor IgneVs Vrget,
LVnaM fVsCabIt, safe troph.£A DabIt.
At page 13 the author extols the royal family, and particularly the
Empress Amalia, 'augusta Romanorum regina' —
Mater DeCora sanCta speL
Nunc etiam optima Patriae mater ! etc. etc
GRATULATIO CABAUSTICA.
Gratulemur Parenti Charam Prolem !

^ S^ S

I 2

I I

4«

Exposito superiarum
Numerorum,

1525
123

Clavis Cabaia.

A. E. I. a V.

I. 2. 3. 4^ S

Summa despot annum, 1701

Programma, Regina Mater.
Anagramma. Regna Merita,

EXFLICATIO EPIGEAMMATICA.
Dum mater regina paris, merita aurea E^gna es,
Quae Regem Regnis pluribus una dabas.
De hoC MetrICL
eX astrIs, pLenIs VenIVnt tVa gaVDIa VeLIs;^

regIa Mater oVa proLe beata noVA!
FAsCIoLIs strICtVs IaCVLatVr LVMIne nICtVs,

Vt ROSA qVm gLabro pVrpVrat orta Labro.
neC taM pVLCheLLIs VenVs aVrea VIbrat oCeLLIs,

troIanVsqVe parIs fronte VenVsta CharIs.
OS CharItes fIngVnt, aC sVaVI neCtare tIngVnt,

VnDe fLVVnt L^tIs osCVLa DVCta fretIs.
est DeCVs InsontI, nIXqVe h^ret ebVrnea frontI

sVnt Labra forMosIs eXsatVrata rosIs.
pVrpVra IVCVnDIs sVper os LeVe fLVCtVat VnDIs,

aC roseo pLenas CIrCInat Igne genas.
hIC neo-reX patrIs LVX est, faX Ignea MatrIs,
hanC repLet Iste IoCo, CorqVe VaLente foCo.

NATO NON VnO BEET aVLaM PRONVbA IVnO,

DIIqVe VoLent iEQVI pIgnora pLVra seqVI.
At page 15, a poem concludes thus —

MagnA Dote PRiECsLLENS Infans,
Atque olim adultior utriusque imperium

1701
1 701
1701

= 1 701

1 701
1701

1701

1 701

1701

= 1 701

> Observe the ' Leonine ' verses here and two following pages.

GENETHLIACON—LEOPOLb I.

395

MoNENTE Deo, aCCIpe, =

Capesse, possIDe, aC DefenDe. =

interim verb ■"

noMen granDe CresCat orbI, =

oMen granDe CresCat PAXRliE, =

aDoLesCaT fLOS GERMANliEl =

OMEN CABALISTICUM,
De utriusque Orhis Imperio,

Et adorabunt hunc regnantem in omnes gentes.
21415 5 2 12 14 222

CoUecHo horum nutnerorum.

1701
1701

1701
1701
1701

rum. 2

1415
5

dams cabala.

312

A. K. L 0. V

I. a. 3- 4. 5-

Summa confidt annuum.

1701

Programma, Virtute reget
Anagramma. Tut6 Vir geret.

EXPLICATIO EPIGRAMMATICA.

Parvus cum picto ludit, nee luditur, orbe,
Nam tuii^ vir ubi factus, utrumque reget
Stibscribit Chronodisticha Poesis.
LVbrICa sors MVtat tItVLos, Vaga sCeptra VoLVtat,

si PER pernICes VertItVr aCta VICes.
seD sI sCeptra gerIt pIetas, VbI sIDera qVarIt,

NON peDe nIXa Levi stant fVgItIVa breVI.
VIrtVs sVbstantIs LeopoLDo erIt Instar atLantIs,

Vt nVnqVaM pronVs prorVat Iste thronVs.
sVntqVe Deo grates: soLIDI VIrtVte penates

aVstrIaCI stabVnt, IVsqVe perenne DabVnt.
InqVb basI fIXa LeopoLDI est gLorIa nIXa,

ET neqVIt Igne ferI MartIs, et VnqVe terL
stIrps tVa spe MVLtA stat te, IosephVLe, fVLta ;

faVstos VIVe DIes sItqVe serena qVIes !
MagnaqVe regna GERES DVX parWLe sangVInIs hares,

hVngarICosqVe thronos, stIrpIs et orbIs honos.
sCeptra fer, et fLore proaVorVM VIVe tenore,

VIrtVtIsqVe pIA sIDera gViERE VIA.

Ten epigrams follow on the glorious name of Leopold, and then
follows

'Horoscopus serenissimo neo-nato Archiduci Leopoldo con-
structus,' in which the supposed astrologer addresses both the

1701
1701
1701
1701
1701
1701
1701
1701

396 GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD L

Leopolds in the jargon of his profession, mingled with the language
of Court flattery. This chronogram occurs in it —

lo VIVat LeopoLDVs seCVnDVs rkCens natVs prInCeps 1 ^ ,

paCIs, pater fVtVrI s^CVLI I | - 1701

At page 19 is another flattering eflusion, wherein the larks are
made to sing the praises of Leopold and his son. It commences with
a pun on the Latin name of the bird, thus —

A laude nomen sortitse Alaudae
Quid Tibi Neo-nate Princeps adferunt? nisi laudes,
Quibus ad sidera evehans.
etc. etc etc.
And it thus concludes —

aVrea progenies, faVsta noWs InCoLa LVCIs, J — ^

DVLCe CoronatI patrIs, aVIqVe DeCVs! / ^ "^'
Tu verb Austria Leopoldum lauda,
Cui cantu applaudat Alauda i

Alauda i. Meg CorDe CongregerIs, = 1701

Meg CorDe reCreerIs, = 1701

Meo CorDe CoronerIs =s 1701

LeopoLDe Chare MI ! = 1701

Alauda 2. fLos DILeCte Deo Date, = 1701

CresCe terrIs aDaMate, = 1701

aD CoronaM ConsIgnate = 1701

LeopoLDe Chare Ml ! = 1701

Alauda 3. MIro pLene fLos DeCore, = 1701

sis CanDore, aC aMore, = 1701

Magno CeLebrIs spLenDore = 1701

LeopoLDe Chare MI ! =1701

Alauda 4. CresCb Infans DeaMate, = 1701

aD speM orbIs CceLo Late = 1701

Charo Deo DeDICate = 1701

LeopoLDe Chare MI! = 1701

Alauda 5. sIC aMgenA DeCantabo = 1701

te CaMcenA PRiEDICABO, = 1 70 1

Dona Dabo, Cor DICabo = 1701

LeopoLDe Chare MI! = 1701

ADHORTATIO CABALISTICA AD AUSTRIAM.
Adesto! Cor offer Austria!

I 2 4

442 15 31

CollaHo Numerorum,

124

4 Clavis cabala.

42 A. e. I. 0. V.

1531 I. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Supputatio exprimit annum

1701

Programma.

Cor demus Jano

Anagramma.

Adi! Coronemus.

GENETHLIACON— LEOPOLD I.

397

EXPLICATIO EPIGRAMMATICA.

Orbis adi ! nato pronusque advolveri Jano 1

His Tua nam Cunis maxima cura jacet,
Corde coronemus 1 quid enim pretiosius Orbi ?
Nulla potest melior Corde corona dari
Nunc auctor actor esse desinat 1
Ipsa siquidem Austria Serenissimis Cunis
Accinam, et aCCIDaM.

CoMponIt beLLos CVbItVrVs pVsIo oCeLLos,

GRATA loCo LenI noXqVe, soporqVe VenI.
VosqVe VoLate De/e, CVnasqVe foVete napaa,

In soMnos pronVs sVbstrepat aVre sonVs.
sVaVes DVLCores, CyprIos qVoqVe sternIte fLores,

^VaVIter ILLe CVbet, sIC Dea fLora IVbet.
Lento ContaCtV, tenero CVnabVLa traCtV,

aVstrIa LiBTA MoVe, parVaqVe CrVra foVe.
MIte ferant VeLLVs CIVes, sVbIeCtaqVe teLLVs,

si CoR Lene ferVnt VeLLerIs Instar erVnt.
CharIor est CanA, IosephVLe, CVLCItra LanA,

sVaVIs pVLVInVs pLenVs aMore sInVs.
hIC reX InCLIna, reX beLLVLe, teq: sVpIna,

Cor aMor hIC VrIt, nIL IbI trIste fVrIt.
hIC IVs eXerCe, sVbstrataqVe CorDa CoerCe,

hIC feLIX Deges, sVaVIter Ista reges.
sVaVe Cor es gentIs, LVX ILLeCebrosA parentIs,

fLosCVLVs es, MlRk perge, VIgesCe, VIre.
fLos pVLCher Verna, gere sCeptrVM, CresCb gVberna,

et LiETOS soLes VIVe qVoVsqVe VoLes.

Finem scribendi, non plaudendi facio ;

Hinc calamum plura conantem depono,

£t totius hujus Genethliaci

CoronIDeM Corono.

I70I
I70I
1701
I70I
I70I
I70I
I70I
I70I
I70I
I70I
I70I

= 1701

♦►•^»

The engravings are very fine and elaborate ; the subject of them
can only be indicated partially here, to elucidate the chronograms
which embellish them.^

The first has a figure dad in Roman costume, with the date mdcc.
on his girdle, taking leave of an old man, above whom is the motto,
* clauditque vetus,' and pointing to a winged child sitting by the ro3ial
cradle, with the inscription, ' Aperuitque novum.' Above, in the air,

^ The engrayings are by artists of repute, and are signed Petrus Schubert v, Ehrenberg
Del:— Elias Christophorus Heiss. Sculp.

398 GENETHLTACON— LEOPOLD L

is Mercury, bearing a bust of Janus and a crown. Below is this

chronogram —

neogenIto arChIDVCI aVstrIaCo LeopoLDo Iosepho VeterIs

aC noVI eXorIentIs s^eCVLI noVo Iano. = 1701

The second exhibits two Genii supporting the portrait of Leopold i.,
and a crowned lion viewing himself in a mirror, with the words, ' Caesar
avus similem sibi spectat amatque nepotem/ and below is —

LeopoLDo Magno CiESARl. = 1 70 1

The third represents the portrait of Leopold among elaborate
emblems of palm-trees, etc These words are on a scroll —

roMano regI ConDeCorat. = 1701

Josephus ut Palma florebit.
The fourth is a royal cradle, in what may be a hall in the palace ;
underneath is, ' His cunis sese substemunt subdita corda,' and above
all is —

offerenDa LeopoLDo Iosepho CorDa. ^ 1701

The fifth represents the royal infant playing with two terrestrial
spheres under celestial protection, with this chronogram —

LeopoLDo Iosepho DECANXANDa = 1701

The sixth is highly emblematical, and relates to the £mpress
Amalia, the infant's mother. It is inscribed —

aMaLI^ CharA proLe Donat^^ s 17 01

The seventh and last represents a ship in full sail, and a large
guiding-star above. ^This chronogram b below it —

SaCR£ eLeONORS MagDaLeNA THERESliE. = 170I

A VOLUME, folio size (British Museum, press-mark 10795. ^) ^^ a
jr-^ collection of tracts in Latin and German, principally gratulatory
addresses to royal personages in Germany ; some of them are rich in
chronograms.

iract No. i. 'Vota Academica' (an address to Maria Anna,
Archduchess of Austria, by Joannes Miiller of the Clementine Col-
lege at Prague), Anno, et die, quo Archi-Dioecesis Pragensis
CoLIt ss. apostoLos per oMnes terras DIVIsos. = 1708

The title-page contains no other date.

1 ract No. 4. ' Applausus genethliacus quo serenissimas Cunas
Neo-nati Archi-ducis Austriae Caroli Francisci (and six more names),
submissime venerata est,' etc. etc. [*A birthday applause, wherein the
most serene earliest childhood of the new-bom Archduke of Austria,
Charles Francis Joseph Winceslas Balthasar John Antony Ignatius,
is most humbly venerated by the College of the Jesuits at Prague, 1685,
when the day was celebrated by bonfires, and happiness and long life
supplicated for him.'] This Archduke became Emperor of Germany,
as Charles vl, in 17 11.

A triumphal structure was put up in the Church of S. Salvator,

LEOPOLD L— JOSEPH /. 399

covered with decorative emblems and inscriptions, and among them
the following chronograms —

CaroLo, franCIsCo, Iosepho, VVenCesLao, baLthasarI IoannI,
antonIo, IgnatIo soCIetas VoVet perpetVItateM. = 1685

CaroLVs aVstrIb arChIDVX CzeChIa Cor, totIVs orbIs
DeCor* = 1685

CaroLVs VrbIs et orbIs VnIVersI gaVDIVM. = 1685

nasCerIs astrea In sIgno DVX CaroLe LlBRiE, ) _ ^^g

iEQVo Vt Constanter ponDere CVnCta LIbres. J ^

In libra CapIs aVgVsta prIMorDIa VIXiE, ) _ ^g

IVSTlxIiE PREFERS SIGNA BEATA tV^

1 ract No. 5. ' Imago Caesaris Leopoldi Magni ultimi rerum linei
per Umbram Mortis transumpta e tempore' — (on the occasion of the
funeral obsequies of the £mperor Leopold i. performed during three
days in the Metropolitan Church of Prague) —
Anno InCarnatIonIs DoMInIC^ k die Mensis JuliL = 1705

A 'mausoleum' was put up with many inscriptions, some
cabalistic, making the date 1705, and only this one chronogram over
a copy of the Emperor's portrait —

CopIa IMagInIs LEOPoLDlNiC = 1705

Tract No, 6. This is the title-page, Plenitudo Dierum Majestatis,
et Glorias in Augustissimo aetatis flore ; dum

IMpLeta pLenItVDIne ^tatIs ChrIstI. = 171 1

Per maturam setemitati virtutem, plurimo seculorum miraculo con-
summatus in brevi explevit tempora multa Augustissimus occidentis
monarchia josephus i. Prsepropero fato Regnis, atque Imperio, cum
omnium universim Provinciarum, ac peculiariter

boheMIa LVCtV et DoLore = 171 1

Ereptus quas
DoLorVM VeCtIgaL = 171 1

persolutura In Pragensi Metropolitana Diviti Basilica, per continuas
Triduum Exequias Pompa funebri Justa persolvit, Anno
A DoLoRE atqVb LaCrvMIs sVppresso.
(Printed at Prague at the Jesuits' College, 171 1.)

The funeral obsequies of the Emperor Joseph i. performed at
Prague are described, and allegiance to his successor, Charles vi., is
declared ; and the whole subject is profusely adorned by the chrono-
grams which here follow. A 'mausoleum' and other public decora-
tions were put up with a great variety of inscriptions. These chrono-
grams were among them —

INSCRIPTIO DEDTCATORIA.
losEPHO oCCIDentIs IMperatorI et regI sVo = 1711

Quam potest Immortalitatem
Moerens Merenti contribuit

400 JOSEPH L— CHARLES VI.

CorDIVM affeCtV = 171 1

VotorVM ConCorDIA, = 1711

DesoLata LVCtV boheMIa, = 1711

Invitatoria ex veteri Indictivorum

Funerum Formula :
aDeste speCtatVM ol CIVesI = 17 11

Augustum in Vere : Saeculorum fnictus
In Augustissimo Majestatis Flore :

gIx)rLe pLenItVDIneM \ _

In FATO PRfiCIPlTE. j ""

VoLate aD CorpVs roMana aLItes! =
Aut, si Magnam Augustissimi Csesaris Animam insequi vultis

a3CeM ConsCenDIte, =

CceLorVM sIDera transVoLate. =

hVC aDVoLa et Leo boheMIa, =

aD InVICtIssIMI CiESARlS TROPHiEA; =:

aDhVC Cesar trIVMphat. =

The Lion of Bohemia is depicted in the midst of a grove watch-
ing the royal tomb, sVper LeCtVM DoLorIs (Psalm xL 4.)=
cujus argumentum expressit fideli proposito

neC DIVeLLar ab VMbra. =

ostenDent sCeptrIs hVnC tantVM fata ; (Virg. iEn : 6 . 869.}=

Sed quem

In pLenItVDIne MaIestatIs, aC gLorIa =

Manent ATERNiE s^eCVLa LaVDIs. (Juvenal) =

MVnDI oCeLLVs 1 =

arChIDVCVM spes! =

This title precedes some verses —

IosephIna DeVotIonI enCoMIastICon. =s

Another — regIa In paVperes MIsERlCoRDIiE epanetICon. =

VIX VenIt, VIDIt, VICIt, trIVMphaVIt ) ^

1711

aVgVsta IosephI gLorIa.

Another title to some verses referring to the conquest of the
fortress of Landau —

Magno fortIVDIne C-ssarI epInICIon. = 171 1
Another title to some verses —

MoNARCHiE VItA DefVnCto, et =1711

pIo prInCIpI epICeDIVM. = 17 11

Then follows an allegory, divided into twelve sections, with repre-
sentations of the twelve signs of the Zodiac, conveying praises to the
Emperor through extracts from ancient history; the last has this
chronogram —

nVnC teMpVs taCenDI. = 17 11

The narrative then proceeds to describe the mausoleum; it ex-
hibited these chronograms —
perfeCta iETAS EST, DVM VIta perfeCta est, = 17x1

CHARLES VL 401

JOSEPHUS.

In aMabILI GENEXHLlACiE DIeI aVrora = 171 1

MVnDo C^sareo In Voto, aC spe. = 171 1

In nataLIs orIente orbIs DeLICIVM. = 171 1

abIt reLICto orbe In McerorIs DeLIqVIo. Claud i. in Ruf.= 171 1

JOSEPHUS,
In oLoRliE MerIDIe EVROP-fi peLICItas. = 171 1

JOSEPHUS.
oCCIDente VItA orbI In DesIDerIo. = 171 1

soL aC LVna aDMIrantVr, = 1711

steLL^:qVe VnDeCIM. = 171 1

aVstrIaCa IosephI steLLa (Gen. i.) I _ ^

In sIgna, et teMpora, DIes et annos. j "" ;^^

spLenDebIt VICInIssIMa soLI. = 171 1

aDorabVnt STELLiE CiESARls astrVM. = 17 1 1

The seven foregoing lines were associated with emblems of con-
stellations and stars, typical of the glory of the Emperor, and a
* Genius ' of the stars stood forward pointing to this inscription —

aDorabVnt STELL-ffl CiESARls astrVM. = 171 1

Itaque Genius Antelucani sideris lucebat Ei cum jucunditate,
Baruch iiL 35.

MANi: A DILVCVLo = 17 11

Porrb
DVCe steLLa MatVtIna ^ 171 1

Genius stelke serotinae ferebat tesseram ;

sVb oCCIDenteM hesperVs. = 171 1

Genius constellationis Austrinse cum epigraphe ;
Ipso In MerIDIe ConsteLLatIo aVstrI. = 17 11

arCtVrVs noCte MeDIa« = 171 1

Finally appeared these chronograms and Cabalas —

pife DeCbssIt anno YItm trICesIMo tertIo. = 17 11

aDeptA SiECVLoRVM gLorIA = 171 1

CIrCVMDatVs. = 1 71 1

SUPREMA APOSTROPHE,
Repl^sti Austriacis o ! Caesar saecula factis.

369 583 50 180 320 209 = 1711

En jam tarn brevibus pereunt ingentia fatis.^
45 40 131 588 490 211 206 = 1711

Pro mentis Ccelum tantis Auguste dederunt
Cit6 DL Mart. 1. 5. Ep. 65.
per spLenDoreM LVCIs PERPExViE. = 17 1 1

^ These last four words are marked as a quotation from Claudian 2. in Ruf. The two
lines are a Cabala, and are thus printed in the original without any explanation. The key
given at page 311, anU^ will fit the puzzle; the numbers come out as above, and when
added together the date 1711 is the result.

403

JOSEPH L—EMFRESS ELEONORA.

1 ract No. 7. The title-page begins, Sidus publicse Isetitiae.
Novi glorias accessione Austriam, etc. (on the marriage of the Ardi-
duke Joseph i., the son of Leopold i., with Wilheknina Amalia of
Hanover), Ominantis Patriae voce, Paci, fortunae, securitati publicae,
imperaturis, D. MAxnliE annVA festaqVe LVCk, prospsras, et
fortVnatas sortes aVgVstIs nVptIIs aVgVrante. = 1699

[A gratulation from the city of Olmiitz, on 24th February 1699. J
There are about ten chronograms mixed up with the descriptive
narrative, which would require long extracts to render them interesting
or intelligible. They appear as auguries drawn from the * Eagle ' (in
the armorial bearings) of various cities in the dominions of Austria in
Eastern Europe.

!■

1 ract No. 9 is a lamentation on the death of the Empress

Eleonora, from the Abbey of Gradisca in Hungary. Printed at Oliniitz.

The title-page is, ' Cum Augustissima Eleonora Magdalena Theresia,

oCCIDentIs IMperatrIX In aVge et iETAXE bona. =

oCCIDWM IVbar e terrIs astra petIIt. =s

[Here is represented a funeral bier.]

hVIC graDICensIs abbas

MoestVs, et gratVs InferIas

FEREBAT.'

The next page presents the following ' Chronostica Epigrammatica
ad nominis Eleonorae Litterarum numerum cum Beatitudinibus
Symbolizantem adaptata, concinnata' —

1. aMoDo CeCatVr fVrVo prostrata' sVb antro, =

Tellus, luce carens Eleonora tul

2. MagDaLena CeLer, fVerat qVa fota sVb aVstro. =

Celsa petit, merus Spiritus ilia fuit.

3. Mente Deo aCCensA qVA ferVor FORxk foVetVr? =

Flamma Theresini pectoris, alta petit

4. oMne DeCet Cor fVnVs Vt ornet, thVra sabaa, =

Aspergat Loculo vixit odore bono.

5. Metra Date aCCantVs, noWs hospes Vestra penetrat,=

Atria Coelicolae, qualia amabat, avet

6. Magna DeCora, CoronA eX terra par erat aXes, =

Ut peteres superdm, semper eras humilis.

7. noMen aD oCCasVs terras proper*: VsqVe feratVr, =

Efl^sum Nomen, percolat omne solum.

8. Mors te DeCoLLet, Vernans rVbeVsqVe perennat, =

In nostro Dominae pectore vivet amor.
The ' mausoleum ' is next described ; and three pages of epigrams,
concluding with ' Apostrophe ad pientissimb defunctam Imperatricem.'

POMpa, DeCoR, CiETVs, HONOR : EN tVa FATA SEQVntVr.

Haec sunt virtutis praemia Diva Dedm.

[No date whatever is given in figures.]

1730
1730

1720

1720
1720
1720
1720
1720
1720
1720
1720

= 1720

LIECHTENSTEIN, ETC 403

1 ract Na 1 1 is in the Bohemian language. The title-page begins,
' Polestna Zalost, a Zalostna Bolest nad Smrti, etc. etc' (A funeral
sermon by Antonin Jozeff Dreser. Kolomancy, 1738.) It has this
chronogram at the end of the last page —
faVe DeVs, Vt pater noster reqVIesCat In paCe, et > _ g

FRVatVr VItA. iETERNA, aMeN. ) "" ^'^

Tract Na 12. The title-page begins, * Wolverdiente Ewigkeit
— dess — Furstens — Antonii Floriani — Regiers dess Hauses
Liechtenstein von Nicolspurg, etc. etc' By Leopold Grimm of the
Society of Jesuits. Olmiitz, 172 1. The first part is a funeral sermon
in German Ifrom John xi. 26. — ^The second part is a funeral
panegyric, and a Latin inscription, commencing with this chrono-
gram—

antonIVs pLorIanVs

stIrpe et DoMo LIChtensteInIVs = 172 1

DoMI prInCIpaLIs ter feLIX gVbernIo, = 1721

prInCsps fIDe Integra sVbIeCtVs nVMInI = 1721

DVX seMper CharVs CiESARl, = 1721

aMorb, et paternIs In sVos gratIIs aCCeptVs sVbDItIs ^ 1721

VnDeCIMa oCtobrIs e VIVIs abIIt, = 1721

In CorDIbVs aManter obstrICtIs VIVIt. = 1721

1 ract No. 13. The title-page is entirely in German, and at the
end the author's name is put in the form of a chronogram; it
commences — Der Gute von Adel in Gebliit und Gemiith : das ist
Lob-Leich- und Ehren-Predig unter dem Grund-Sprach Luc xix. 12.
Bey drey Tagig gehaltenen exequien des . . . Herm —
Iohann IoaChIM reIChs-graffen VnD herren Von
zlEROTlN. etc eta etc = ^7^<*

Unterthanig dediciret
VoN anDrea antonIo rIChter, DIeser zeIt seeLsorgern In

gVLDensteIn, ^. .^ =1716

etc, etc

[Printed at Troppau at the date thus indicated.]

The next tract, No. 14, is a sermon on John i. 47, by the same

author, and contains these two chronograms (after quoting that on the

foregoing title-page, Johann Joachim, etc) —

wIb offt! zV tILLowVItz, VnD MeserItz eInen gVtten

Versehenen tIsCh. =s 1 73 1

ATQVe ItA ZASCHoVLs fVnDaTOR pIVs PATRVM SANCTiE

trInItatIs erat. = 1731

1 ract No. 15. * Trauer-Biihne welche bey denen Exequiep, oder
Leich-Begangnuss des . . • Herm F. L. Graffen von Zierotin . • .
ist auffgesteUet worden. Troppau, 1734.' The ceremony observed

I-

I73I

404 COUNT ZEROTIN—PEGNESIS, A VON BIRKEN

at the funeral of Count Zierotin in the Church of the Trinity at
Zaschau on 21st August 1731. There is a large folding engraving of
the cenotaph put up, which was thus inscribed —

Subsiste Viator Leo trino fiilcitus Monte Unica dejectus Morte
Franciscus dinasta Zierotin.

ROSNoWII faLCenberg^ et In tILoVVItz ) _

DoMInVs / "■

CRESCeNTE iETATE

DVCatVs opoLIensIs aC ratIborIensIs
IVDICII proVInCIaLIs
assessor.
Then follows a biographical notice of him, printed in irregular
lines, dter the fashion of an inscription, in which occurs this further
chronogram —

— In Montibus Basilicam erexit
atqVe Ita zasChoVLe fVnDator pIVs patrVM ) _

sanCt-s trInItatIs. / '^

etc. etc
Some family legend about lions forms the main point in the
narrative, and it was illustrated by pictures of events related in the
Bible, in which lions were conspicuous, and these pictures were
arranged as decorations of the cenotaph, of which there is a large
engraving in the tract

A rare book, * Die Betriibte Pegnesis^ den Leben, kunst und '
Tugend-Wandel des Seelig-Edlen Floridans H. Sigm: von Birken,
Niimberg, 1684,' contains memoirs and eulogies on a man of local
renown named Birken (Anglick Mr. Birch), with twenty-five pretty
emblematic plates of birch and other trees, etc etc, widi allegoric^
prose and poetry relating to him, also a sermon with hymns to his
memory. The chronograms (wMch here follow) are extracted from
the book.

At page 17. This was over the door of a building covered with
agreeable and pretty plants, appropriated by Herr Birken to the
purposes of literature and art —

aptVs Vt hIC LVCVs sIt MVsIs VsqVe saCratVs, ) _ ,^a
faXIt IoVa IWans, CorCLa benIgna IoVes ! / "" ^^^^

i.e. May Jehovah by his help cause this suitable grove to be devoted con-
tinually to the muses, and mayest thou, O kind ' Corcla^ assist
Also the same in Anacreontic metre —

IoVes, benIgna CorCLa,

IWans IoVa faXIt,

saCratVs VsqVe MVsIs

siT LVCVs HiC Vt aptVs.

1678

^ ' The sad Pegnesis, the life and works of that noble " Floridan," Siglsmund von Birken,
etc.' The scene of his career was at Pegnitz, in Franconia. The river Pcgnitz flows
through l>f urembeig.

FEGNESIS, S. VON BTRKEN. 405

Also these luaes —

ES STEHE GOTTES hVLf DeN NORIs-GOTTERN BEII ) _ , g

Dass DI5SER LVsT-FORST Lang fVr frIIe kVnst seII. f '

ue. May God assist the Norican-Deities \f\ and may this delightful
forest be long dedicated to the liberal arts.

At page 44. The date of a circumstance in his early career —
Me beet et DeCoret bona neX, et faX bona VIt^I = 1626

Le. May a good death and the good torch of life adorn and bias me !

To which a friend added this —
gVter gott Lass MIr eIn ehren-Leben \ _ ,^

eInen seIn-VnD VVehrten hIntrIt geben! j

/>. Gracious God^ let me live a noble lifcy and save me at the hour of
death/

At page 327. This memorial line occurs at the end of the sermon,
on 17th June 1681 —

Vnser gott WIrDs WohL aVsMaChenI Amen! Amen! = 1681
i,e. Our God will certainly bring it topcLss /

At page 391. In a part of the ' forest/ which is described, the
admiring friends of the deceased Mr. Birch put up a tablet with lliese
lines —
betVLa gentIs honor LaVs VIta ContInet annos ) _

CiESARls ET CceLI PRfiCo CoMesqVe fVI. j

ue, Betula {Birch), the honour of the nation^ the glory of life contains the
years {the date), I was the herald and companion of the Emperor and
of heaven,
krebsgangIg WIrD DIe sonn, zVgLeICh aLL Vnser "^

1681

LIeCht f _

sprICht norIs, aLs hInab, Ins grab herr bIrken f

krIeCht. j

i,e. The sun, at the same time all our light, becomes retrograde, says
Noricum, when Mr, Birch creeps into his grwve.

At page 394. At the same spot these lines were put up, signifying
the period of the death of some one ; the first line gives the year of
his birth, the second of his age, the total the year of his death —
MVsAS offICIIs gratIs pegnesIDas ornas. =

IsTA tegI tenebrIs gLorIa seXte NEGAT. s

i,e. Thou providest the muses of Fegnitz with pleasing duties. This """^

glory, O Sextus, refuses to be covered with darkness,

Der Vns so treVLICh hat geDIent ") _ ^

hIer stats In ehr VnD segen grVnt. J '^

ue. He who luis served us so truly, is here ever-green in honour and
blessing.

A tract (British Museum, press-mark 1213. L 16.-2), 4^ 'Trophsea
Parallela. Sive Veterum Boicae gentis heroum, qui ante Christum
natum claruerunt, etc. etc. — k ColL Soc Jesu. Monacensi, 1623.'

4o6 APFLA USE OF MAXIMILIAN OF BA VARIA.

[Parallel trophies or memorials of victory, apd the illustrious deeds of
the ancient heroes of Bavaria who flourished before Christ, compared
with the triumphs of Maximilian Count-Palatine, Duke of Bavaria,.etc.,
on the occasion of his inauguration as ' Septemvir ' of the Holy Roman
£mpire by the Emperor Ferdinand ii., offered by the College of
Jesuits at Munich, 1623.] It commences with an address to Maxi-
milian, and proceeds to narrate events in the ancient history of
Bavaria, and to bring them into comparison with the events of his
life and time, arranged in a series of chapters attributing to him
certain noble qualities and virtues. The last page contains a list of
real or supposed statues representing those virtues by name, each
inscribed \rith an appropriate motto, which is a chronogram of the
date of the inauguration of Maximilian. The page is as follows : —

Chronostichides duodecim statuis triumphalibus subscriptae indices
anni Christiani, quo Sereniss : Boiorum Princeps, etc, Maximilianus
septemvir Imperii inauguratus est.
Sud Statua,

Religtonts. Deo, VIrtVtI, reLIgIonI MILItaVI. = 1623

PrudenticB. Vera prVDentIa CaVsa trIVMphI. = 1623

JustitUB. IVs perDItVM reVoCaVI. = 1623

Temperantiae. teMperantIa DVX VICTORl-fi. = 1623

Fortitudinis, arDVa agere, et ferre ChrIstIanVM

pVtaVI. = 1623

VigilantuB. eXCVbIIs fIDeM tVeor. = 1623

MagnificentuB. MagnIfICentI^e sVasV thesaVros effVnDo. = 1623
PolituB. poLItIa LAPSiE DeXteraM porreXI. = 1623

Occasionis. VenI, VIDI, VICI, teMporI InsIstens. = 1623

Pacts. PaCeM PATRliE ET IVrA REDVXI. = 1 623

FortufUB. fortVnA Dante CaVsa IVstIor trIVMphat. = 1623

BellofUB. BELLoNiE fVrores IVstA VI DoMVI. = 1623

Pi. book, ' Vox laeta acclamans, amans ; ac devota vota, etc. etc.'
[An address to the most reverend Joseph Anselm Francis Werbrouck,
the tenth Bishop of Ruremonde, and Primate of Gelders, on his
departure from Ypres] —

Hie meritissimo ac perenni observantia colendissimo prseambulum,
Nuper qua&rebam, quis erit quoque quando petebam

Prsesul ? narrabat fama, metrumque dabat :
HoC NOSTER LVCens apparet epIsCopVs anno. \

Nomina quaerenti, respondit voce sequenti : > = 1743

IosephVs anseLMVs franCIsCVs WerbroUCk. j

Nomina quas dederat, carmen et annus erat
Ideo vivat ! Geldria canat, ac te Deum laudamus.

VAmO US A PPL A USE, 407

VIrtVs eXaLtat Ioseph WerbroVCk aD InfVLaM = 1743

Hunc ita plaudo, laudo, clamore, amore, more, ore, re.

[From * Le Bibliophile Beige.' Brussels, 1845. VoL i. p. 256.]

A tract, *Applausus metricus, chronometro, ac metro-achrostico
congratulatorius illustrissimo ac reverendissimo Domino Felici-Guli-
elmo Breoart, ex-senatori regis Mechliniae, et coUegiatae ecclesias
Lyris decano xvii. Bnigensium episcopo, perpetuo ac hereditario
Flandriae cancellario, etc.— cathedram solemniter adeunti a fratrIbVs
CapVCInIs, qVI De faMILIa brVgensI reverenter exhibitus.= 1777
brVgIs Me PRiELo Dabat Van praet, sUb sCVto aVstrIaCo. = 1 777
The tract is S"*, pp. 18. 'Toujours des chronogrammes, des
anagrammes, et des acrostiches ; mais parmi ces demiers quelques-uns
de trfes remarquables. [From * Le Bibliophile Beige.' Brussels, 1845.
Vol. L p. 256].

A tract, 'Carmen congratulatorium in adventu excellentissimi,
etc. Joannis Batistae Josephi Ignacii Antonii Oswaldi Christiani
S. R. I. comitis de Berg, etc. etc. (seven lines of titles, mostly of
Flemish localities), etc. etc' Printed at Brussels, 1747. 4*. pp. 16.
The subject consists of complimentary verses by the curd of Boxmeer
to the Count de Berg on his marriage with the Comtesse de Lodrqn,
in which is a quintuple acrostic on this chronogram —
DIV VIVat, VoVeo, Ioannes batIsta CoMes bergensIs noVIter
IVnCtVs. =1747

At the end of this chef-d^csuvre is the author's 'signature' in
chronogram —
Vers nVptIaLes qVe VoVs offre aVssI Le C Vr£ De boXMeer. = 1 747

[Extracted from 'Le Bibliophile Beige.' Brussels, 1845. Vol. i.
p. 258.]

A book, 'Proteus poeticus palindromus, quem sub metro
Xpoi^ooTtKb), rite-salutari et vera pro pace, priorum sexcenties repetita
et ultra, denuo sic prosequi suspiria spe fidei fecit Wamerus Oporinus,
anno — hIs In qVo tanDeM nos LIberet Ipse IehoVa eX
trIbVLatIonIbVs.' (Psalm xxxviL 37, 38.) = 1638

The following verse is printed in 670 different ways, by transposing
and changing the places of the words ^ —

IesV, DVX VlTiE, FER tV noVa teMpora paCIs. = 1638

The book was prmted in 1638. [Extracted from 'Le Bibliophile
Beige.' Brussels, 1845. Vol. L p. 146.]

* See • Pad precatio,' by T. Crumpe, at pp. 32, 33, ante.

4o8 VARIOUS APPLA USE.

A tract, ' Joannis Strumii precatio pro pace, per versum proteum
et numeralem pro anno 1640/ Small 8% pp. 30. The following verse
is printed in upwards of 500 different ways by transposing the
words ^ —

Dent hIs MoX sanCtI regIonIbVs Vt VenIat paX. = 1640
[Extracted from the same vol. p. 255.]

i\ book, ' Metamorphosis Angelica Mariana in ter mille figuras
transformata qVaM brVoIs eXhIbVIt JVLeVs De Cesar XI
aVgVstL' = 17 1 1

Remarks translated from the French : < Here is a prodigious thing ;
and here we might say is a cheap miracle ! One must use it to believe
it The letters which compose this phrase, the angelic salutation " Ave
Maria gratia plena Dominus tecum," are anagrammatized,^ changed
about in 3300 different ways, presenting always a meaning applicable
to the Virgin Mary 1 £ach page contains 31 anagrams in 31 lines, of
which the first letters form in acrostic the anagrammatized words
"Ave Maria," etc. It is the work of one Dom: Luc de Vriese, abb6
des Dunes k Bruges ; and it was published from his manuscript by a
physician named Pierre Smidts, in homage to its author in 171 1.'
Small 8*, pp. 100. [Extracted from * Bibliophile Beige.' Brussels,
1845. VoL i. p. 200/]

At page 145 of the same volume another very remarkable book is
mentioned, 'Poemata, chronometra, anagrammata, epigrammata, et
alia his affinita. In Monte Pamasso. Typis musicis.' No date
or place. 8% pp. 292. It is by a monk of Ninove, by name Van
Halen, and it was printed at Alost in 1 784. It describes a jubilee
festival. There are chronograms in Dutch and Latin many pages
long, requiring the avoidance of the high numeral letters m. d. c. l.
in order to compose chronograms of such length.

' Sec * Pad precatio/ by T. Cmmpe, at pp. 32, 33, ante,

' See ' Conceptus chronognphicus/ also * Sancta Familia,* later on in this volume.

NETHERLANDS PAGEANTS AND
PANEGYRICS.

HE arrival of the Spanish-Austrian Governors in that
portion of the Netherlands provinces which remained
to Spain after the general revolt against the Spanish
rule, at the latter part of the sixteenth century, was
usually celebrated at the principal cities and towns by
pageants and processions of the civic and ecclesiastical dignitaries
and the trade guilds, accompanied by allegorical groups and scenic
decorations ; triumphal arches were erected of a costly and imposing
character, and although but temporary, they had the appearance of
solid architecture, and were not, in the fashion of this present time,
a mere framework covered with evergreens and paper flowers.
Elaborate odes, addresses, and panegyrics were written, and chrono-
grams were used in every possible manner, artists^ and scholars
spared no pains to give effect to the public congratulations. Ecclesi-
astical pageants' were at other times held on the festival days of the
patron saints of certain of the cities, even down to the first quarter of
the nineteenth century. And in Holland I find instances of con-
gratulations offered to the Princes of Orange by pageants of a
similar though of less elaborate character. These proceedings are
described in some remarkable books with beautifully engraved illus-
trations, portraying the admirable quality of the structures and their
decorations, and the chronograms which gave to them so peculiar a
finish have been fortunately preserved in like manner.

^ Rubens himself designed many of the structures and famished the pictorial emblematic
decorations. ' See also pp. 239, 262, ante,

410 PAGEANT— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

The first in order of date relates to Albert, Archduke of Austria,
and Isabella,^ his wife (Isabella Clara Eugenia), the daughter of
Philip II. of Spain.* This Albert was the son of the Emperor
Maximilian XL, and was Cardinal-Archbishop of Toledo. On his
intended marriage with Isabella he resigned his Cardinalship, and
Philip, shortly before his death, by a solemn act, on the 6th of May
1598, ceded to them the sovereignty of Burgundy and the Nether-
lands, and settled some important matters for the government of the
country. They were to have the joint title of * Archdukes,' and in
case of having no children to inherit, the possessions were to revert
to Spain.' Albert was solemnly inaugurated at Brussels on 22d
August 1598, and the marriage took place on i8th April 1599,

A BOOK, 'Historica narratio profectionis et inaugurationis —
principum Alberti et Isabellse Austriae archiducum, — et eorum
optatissimi in Belgium adventus, etc' 'Auctore Joanne Bochio.
Antwerp, 1602.' Folio. (British Museum, press-mark 807. i. 2.)
It describes the inauguration and congratulatory ceremonies and
pageants at Antwerp and other places in Flanders, with numerous
engravings. Some of the public decorations bore chronogram inscrip-
tions in praise of the royal family and their military achievements,
^ubject to a few exceptions, the letters d are not counted, as usual in
Flemish chronograms. J

A triumphal arch represented Philip 11. of Spain, and date of his
birth--

VIVe phILIppe dIV neC debeLLare rebeLLes
OESPERA, doneC MILItet Vma fIdes. = 1527

Another arch represented the arrival of the ' Cardinal' Albert —
eCCe paLVdatVs beLLo, paCIqVe togatVs,
qVod VIs VeLLe, tVIs pendet ab IMperIIs. = 1596

An ode addressed to Albert and Isabella concludes thus —
LVX Isabella tIbI BRVXELLiE aLberte refVLsIt
qVInto septeMbrIs, beLgICa L^etItIa. = 1599

The following lines accompany some verses of congratulation —
aLbertVs ende Isabella zeer WIIs en pLaIIsant

aLs hertoghe ende hertogInne nV Weert ghepresen, . _
onIfIngen te LoVen hex oVdt Landt Van brabant ( -^^^

DEN XXV. daCh Van noVeMber VVIItge Lesen.

m —

^ At Petworth House, in Sussex, there is a portmit of Isabella, representing her as a
very VJ^^J woman, magnificently dressed in the costume of the period.

' There are illustrated books describing pageants of a similar character and earlier dates,
such as those of Philip 11. by Cornelius Graphseus aiias Scribonius or Sckryotr ; and others
of later times; but not adorned with chronograms.

* There were no children, and Flanders consequently reverted to Spain.

PAGEANT— ALBERT AND ISABELLA. 41 1

I-

i.e, (Literally), Albert and Jsabdla very prudent and agreeable^ are mm
praised as duke and duchess^ commence to praise this old country of
Brabant; the 2$tk of November outrecul.
soLe sagIttIferI CeLsIs ardente sVb astrIs,

eCCe dIes SANCTiE CostIdIs ILLa fVIt: . _

qVa dVCIs aVstrIaCo ConCessa tIara brabantI est ( "" ^^99

LoVanII aLberto, aC CLara IsabeLLa tIbI.
uCn The sun of the archer [the month cf November] shining in the high
heavens, lo/ the day was that of the holy Costis ; in which the crown of
the Dtdte of Brabant is yielded to thee the Austrian Albert at Louvain,
and to thee the beautiful Isabella,

A great model of the interior of a theatre was constructed at
Antwerp, with spectators sitting on most uncomfortable tiers of
benches, representing heathen deities and allegorical figures. 'In
appenso theatro tabella legebatur hoc carmen chronographicum cum
anagrammate et duplici acrostichide.'^

ALBERTVS et ISABELLA AVSTRIACI CONrVGE&

Anagramtna.
avrea saturni belgis cito secvla labl
aVrea satVrnI beLgIs CIto seCVLa LabI
LiBTAQVE ConspICIes renoVarI In gaVdIa fLetVs
beLgIa gradIWs Vadens ad Barbara regma
eXtorresqVe fVgIt gentes regIonIs et aChab ^_

rVrICoLas; abeVnt fVrLe, fraVs, Ira, fVrorqVe / ^^^^

tVca qVIes restaVrat agros, astraa trIbVnaL
Vera fIdes aras, VIrtVs redIt haCtenVs eXVL
sic BEAT aVstrIaCVs beLgas torVs et noVa tada,

A description is given of some statues of metal, made at the mint,
with this inscription—
VIX sVrgVnt geMInI, Vt traDVnt hI arVa aVrea soLe& = 1599

1 here was a pageant at Ghent ; this chronogram was in allusion
to the death of Philip 11. of Spain and his revival personified in his
royal successors in Brabant —

oCCIdIt aC sVperest nato doMInante phILIppVs,
sic CVbat atqVe orItVr phoebVs In orbe noWs.* = 1598

A device represented Albert and Isabella supported by figures of
all the virtues, with those of the contrary vices under their feet ; and
this chronogram on their happy marriage. [The same as in another
page of this collection. See Index, ' Austriaca austriaco.'J

rThere was a pageant at Lille ; a triumphal arch with a column,
'est electa cum lilio in festigio et cnicis signo aeneo his notis
asscriptis * —

^ The anagram is contained in the two first lines ; the chronogram in the eight follow-
ing ; the acrostic in the initial letters of the eight lines meaning albertvs ; and the final
letters Isabella. The chronogram is slightly difierent from similar lines at page 416.

' See the epigram at p. 115, ante.

}■

1599

412 PAGEANT— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

DE Iksse ChrIstVs fLos VIrens spInas Vt Inter LILIVM,
CVstodIIt sic Integras VobIs fIdeLIs InsVLas.^ = 1600

Then follow some verses concerning Maximilian i. and his wife
Mary of Burgundy, in which occur these lines —
hanC hILarIs VIdI CaroLVsq: et VterqVe phILIppVs
aspICIent et Vos CVrrIte MIte genVs. = 1600

And some verses concerning the Emperor Charles v. of Germany,
concluding with these lines —

Delude Insulas Caesar sic alloquitur :

teLLVre soLVI gaLLICa
paCIqVe et arMIs karoLVs
Vt IVgIter nepotIbVs
ESSET VIdenda libera.
'Nor was Philip 11. absent;' he is shown sitting with Indian
people about him, with some verses, and, ' In tabula permagna haec
carmina numeralia lectorem curiosum diutius morabuntur'^ —
n ConspICIor geMInIs fVLgentIbVs ^dItVs, X te o

qVInte C^sar CaroLe. = 1527

flB AN NON VICtOREM CanCeR SPECtaVIt ad ORAM*

Cedente rege aLgerI^ = 1563

a sVCCVbVIt pVgnaX graVeLIngIs terMInVs eCCe Id

torrIdVs VIdIt Leo. = iSS^

flR franCIsCVs eXVtVs CastrIs reX soMona VICtVs,

Isabella nata In VIrgIne est. = 1557

^ pInon InaCCesso A MaVrIs, InCoLLe reCepI tropilea

LIBRA InsIgnIa ss 1564

m tVrCICa de CIpro redIens qVa terrVIt orbeM

DEPRESSA CLassIs sCorpIo. = 157 1

tsi angLIa papaLes Leges ChIrone reCepIt CoaCta non X

MarIA. * = ISS4

V? aCCIpIVnt proCeres, sVbIgata LIsboa In eLVa regeM

LVbenter sVb Capro. = 1580

-H CernIte Iane bIfrons Consors Isabella phILIppo est

Mater IsabeLLs prInCIpIs. = 1560

K oMnIa faVsta patrI pIsCes, beLgIsqVe tVLere edICta

paCIs pVbLICa = 1577

(yt sCande arIes CceLos, IaM nasCItVr VnICVs hares

hIspanIa aC orbIs noVI. = 1578

« paX CceLo deLapsa redVX; et franCICa ConIVX

desponsa, nVM taVre Id VIdes? = 1559

Then followed a representation of Philip the Good, Duke of Bur-
gundy, and some verses containing these words —

^ Lilinm =s Insula, the Latin name of L'Isle or Lille.

' The application of the signs of the Zodiac b not explained; the name of each ocean
in its adjoining chronogram, and may signify a period of the year.

* The second chrono^[ram is bad because one letter M is not counted. These chronograms
relate generally to the military and political events and victories in the reigns of Charles V.
and Philip 11.

PAGEANT— ALBERT AND ISABELLA. 413

aC deCVs heroVM statVens ego danda phILIppVs
nobILIbVs CondIgna TROPHiSA. =s 1430

The description of the proceedings at Lille concludes thus —

eXCIpIt arChIdVCes ileC InsVLa Lata trIVMphIs
qVInta bIe LaVbanda febrVarII. ss 1600

1 here was also a pageant at Arras, in Artois (Atrebatum Artesiae
metropolim), which is described at great length, but with this chrono-
gram only at the conclusion, ' A populo dedamatum, sparsa missilia,
ac in solemnem inaugurationem hoc carmen evulgatum ' —
ConspICVa ARTHEsIiE trIpLeX il«C orDo theatra
prInCIpIbVs strVXIt statVenDI pIgnora paCtI. = 1600

Then follows an allegorical pastoral ode having this title and com-
mencement, ' In faustissimum adventum serenissimorum archiducum
Alberti et Isabellas Clarse Eugeniae felicissimorum Belgii principum

DD. NN. —

SILVA

EN Late aVstrIaCo proCeDIt ab others sIDVs:

VaLLICoLa InfLVXVs ter Venerare noVos.
qVIs nIVeas nIVIbVs LVCes aDsCrIbat? ab ortIs

YueC nIVea aVstrIaDIs sbCVLa beLgIs habet.
IaM prope ItVra trVCes VaLLIs Cygnea sVb Vndas

Vestra, dIosCVrI, speCtat Vt ora LVbens?
qVaLe poLo deCVs est fratrIs proCVL orbe dIana

taLe soLo aVstrIaden IVXta IsabeLLa sVVM.
aVstrIaCI adVenIVnt, Lstare VaLentIa, pennIs

eXCIpIt aC nIVeI VeCtat oLorIs aMor.
febrVe, Vesper adest bIs nonVs et VnVs: at eCCb

VaLLICoLIs fVndVnt aVstrIaCa astra dIeM.
The four pages of verse which follow are thus subscribed, * Felicis-
simis prindpibus patriasque dulcissime canebat Emeritus Phoebi miles
Henr: D'Oultremannus/

1 here was a pageant also at Valenciennes, ' apud Valentianos.'
The first chronogram which appears is on the death of Philip 11. of
Spain and the Netherlands, and is incorporated with the narrative,
'Quorum prius chronographicum ex pluribus imum, quae hoc argumento
composui, sed huic loco maximb conveniens, regis optimi discessus
annum ingredientibus aperiebat ;

NGN fatI VIs dIra noCet, sVper ASTRA phILIppVM ) _ ^

hInC deVs eXCIpIens, ad noVa sCeptra VoCat.' / "" ^^

^The proceedings in the province of Hainault *ad montes
Hannoniae' are described, and especially at the town of Binche
(Binsium), which was visited by Albert and Isabella, the inhabitants
came out to meet them redting verses ; this was inscribed over the
portal of the * palace ' —

414 PAGEANT— ALBERT AND ISABELLA,

bInsanos Isabella sVbIt CVM ConIVge fInss,

BN PHABTONT^Vs tIbI LVCet pIsCIbVs aXIs. = 1600

ue, Isabella visits tht country of Binche with her husband^ Lo/ the
chariot of Phaeton {the sun) shines on thee in the sign Pisces; that is
somewhere late in February or early in March ; tilie narrative says
that the visit took place ' quinto calendas Martias.'

I HERE is an appendix to the foregoing narratives, with verses in
commemoratiOD of the departure of the enemy from Bois-le-Duc
iducis) in Brabant, on the 7th of November 1601, * the sun being
in the fifth degree of the sign Sagittarius/ the author being Judocus
de Weerdt of Antwerp, as follows —
LVCebat ChIron, et qVInto phoebVs ab ortV
Vrbs CVM sILVadVCIs LIbera faCta fVIt.^
Another —
sILVa dVCIs bataVIs septa, ICtaqVe s^pe sagIttIs,*
InVICta arChIdVCIs, tVtaqVe MansIt ope. s= 1601

Another —
SEPSERAT aVrIaCVs' sILVas dVCIs, atqVe Cohortes
aVstrIaCas Cernens, MoX InhonorVs abIt. ss 1601

Another —
ante tVbas dIsCedIt, abIt, fVgIt oCIor eVrIs
MaVrICIVs,* sIINm, teCta dVCIs qVatIens. = 1601

Another —
NIL tIbI CVM sILVIs pontI InCoLa, es aptVs . In VndIs
battaVe, sed sILVa CVLtor IneptVs eras. = 1601

Another —
qVod sVnt tVta dVCIs nVnC MoenIa, teCtaqVe sILVa
ILLa grobendonqVI est, gLorIa LaVs et honor. = 1601

Retrogradum.

Silvaducis sua nunc miratur mcenia, multo

Milite cingebat quse modo Nassovius.^

Verte.

Nassovius modb quae cingebat milite multo
Mcenia, miratur nunc sua Silvaducis.^
ie. Now Bois-le-Duc admires her own walls^ which recently the Prince of
Nassau had surrounded with many soldiers,

1 This line is so in the original ; something is wrong ; it gives the impossiUe date of
1 701. Chiron is the centaur, and the zodiac sign Sagittarios.
' A slight pan on the Hollanders being struck by Sagittarius.
' Auriacus, Mauridus, is Prince Maurice of Nassau and Orange, the general
^ The words of the two first lines are the same as those of the next two, read backwards ;
each of them scans well and fulfils the rules for makinc; Latin hexameter and pentameter
verses. This sort of composition is called ' retrograde," and is allied to the ' palindrome '
in which the words themselves can be read the same, both forward and back, r~
Lewd did I live & evU I did dweL
Madam, I'm Adam.

In girum imus noctu, non ut consumimur ignl.
JSl\po¥ dvofiijfAa fii/j fjjbwoM 6\f/tP.
See also the retrograde verses, pp. 323, 324, an/^

PANEG YRJC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA. 415

Exstant et D. Joannis Clarii in annum afflictionis ac liberationis
ejusdem urbis hujusmodi epigrammata —

fVgIVnt rebeLLes bataVI

tenebrIsqVe CiECIs abdItI i _ ^

OBSESSA LInqWnt MoenIa ^

bVsCodVCensIs opIdI.
IterVM sVperbos bataVos

fregIstIs, o fortes VIrI » — ,/:,^

bVsCodVCenses, nobILIs ^ " *^®'

InVICta CLaVstra bsLgII.
Composuit haud dissimili hoc est chronographico argumento
carmen Maxsemilianus Vrientius, Senatui populoquo Gandavensi a
secretis —

haVd sILVaM CadIs, trepIdVs sed CbdIs et aVCtVs
ConspICVo naso battaVe geVsb fVgIs,* = 1601

Here the chronograms end, and the book soon after reaches its

* FINIS.'

A German engraving (British Museum, press-mark 1750. c. — 20)
emblematical of peace in the Netherlands, Albert and Isabella pro-
minently represented, contains some Latin verses, with this chrono-
graphic motto and signature —

* ANNO aVrea MeDIoCrItas. Gulielmus Salsman.' = 1607

Le. The golden mean. The phrase is derived from Horace, Lib. 2.
Ode X. 5.

^,|^.|„|,|,|,.|,.|,,|,.|,.|.,|>.|.,^ •

A BOOK, a thin small folio volume of about sixty pages, has this
title, * Concordia Belgicse Panegyricus Pamassicus, a Jodoco
de Weerdt urbis Antwerpiae syndico decantatus.' Antwerp, 1609.

Abstract of the book.

Dedication to Albert^ and Isabella Clara £ugenia. Archduke of
Austria, Count of Flanders, and his wife, the restorers of public peace
and rest, etc ' Serene princes, behold this Pamassic panegyric on
the Belgian treaty, and see therein a variety of chronograms and
acrostics in that same evidence of peace,' etc. etc.

An address to the reader alludes to the antiquity of acrostics and
anagrams, and, by examples given, justifies the omission of one or
two letters for the sake of elegance and anagrammatic meaning.
(He does not say as much for chronograms ; though it will be seen
throughout the following extiacts that the letter 0=500, is not
counted.)

Prologue, — acrostic verses to Albert and Isabella, the lines com-
mencing with the initial letters of Albertus and ending with those of
Isabella.

A poem of seven pages addressed * Potentissimis principibus
patriae patribus.' — * Psallit Phoebus.'

^ See the same epigram at p. 116, ante, ' See note, p. 411, infra.

4i6 PANEG YRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

Phoebus^ consequently sings 182 lines of Latin hexameter verse,
every word commencing with his own initial p, and then in three
similarly constructed lines he addresses the Nine Muses, and sets
forth the plan of the panegyric, in which the three Fates by prophetic
presages, and the Muses by their poetic song, declare the praises of
Uie Archduke, and extol the establishment of peace.^

Throughout the composition, anagpuns, acrostics, and chronograms
are scattered with marvellous liberality. I confine myself, however,
to the chronograms and a few of the anagrams, with sufficient of the
author's remarks to link them together and indicate their meaning.

It is needful to give the prophecies, and first that of the three
Fates jointly—

Aurea satumi Belgis scito secula labi.

Second, that of Clotho,
Ille beat cestus, raras cane Belgia laudes.

Third, that of AtropOS,
Christe cubile beans, tedas cumto jugales.

Fourth, that of Lachesis,
Belgica vera salus, cseli es Diana BrabantL

Polymneia explains the prophecies of the Fates as relating to
Albert and Isabella, and adduces this anagram to interpret the first —
Albertvs, Isabella, Avstriaci, conivges.

Anagrammct.
Avrea satvmi Belgis scito secvla labL

Polymneia, by a double acrostic chronogram on the year 1609,
alludes to the first prophecy —
aVrea satVrnI beLgIs CIto saeCVLa LabI
LjetaqVe nVnC VIdeas renoVarI In gaVdIa fLetVs
beLgICa; gradIVYs properans ad Barbara regna
eXtorresqVe fVgIt gentes, regIonIs et aChab % _ ,

rVrICoLas, fVgIVnt FVRliE, fraVs, Ira, fVrorqVe. /"" ^ ^^

tVta qVIes restaVrat agros, astr«a trIbVnaL,
Vera fIdes aras; VIrtVs redIt haCtenVs eXVL:
sIC BEAT aVstrIaCVs beLgas torVs, et noVa teda.

Melpomene declares an anagram upon the prophecy of Clotho—
Albertus et Isabella Clara Egenia Dvces.

Anagram,
Ille beat cestvs raras cane Belgia lavdes.

> Phoebns, the god of poetry, eloquence, etc., received from Jupiter the power of
knowing futurity. His oracles were in general repute over the world.

* The use ot the initial letter P is attempted in this sentence. The reader may refer to a
conspicuous use of the same letter in ' Pugna porcorum ' to be found in ' Specimens of
Macaronic poetry,' edited by W. S. Sandys, 1831.

PANEG YRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA. 41 7

Melpomene also explains by chronogram the year of the

marriage of the Archduke, 1599 —

CInthIVs heLLsI MIgrans db VeLLerIs aXe,

Ibat ad EVROPiE VeCtorIs LVCIda taVrI. = 1599

Sidera, ciim Archiduces raro connubia ritu
Concelebrant, variis omant quae numina donis.

And so on for twenty-five more lines of mythological allegory.

Calliope then declares an anagram upon the prophecy of
Atropos —

Albertvs, Isabela, archidvces et conivges.

Anagram.
Christe cvbile beans, tedas cvrato ivgales.
And she explains the prophecy by an elaborate acrostic on the names ^
Albert and Isabella.

Thalia then declares an anagram upon the prophecy of
Lachesis —

Isabella Clara Evgenia dyci^sa Brabanti^

Afu^am.
Belgica vera salvs, caeli ^. Diima Br^b^nti.
And also explains the prophecy by a chronogram on the year 1609.
rbgIs fernandI Consors Isabella VIrago, "^

heroIna sVI saCLI deCVs eXtItIt, atqVb
hesperII tVteLa soLI, qVando hostIs abIVIt
Vrbe granatana^ Capta : tV CLara IsabeLLAi
Vt nVbes dIana fVgans CIVILIa ^eLLa,
beLgICa Vera saLVs, CaLI es cJaka brabantL

Clio then follows with six chronographic presages on the new
Belgian treaty, addressed to Albert and Isabella —

L
aVspICIIs aLberte tVIs nVnC beLLa resIdVnt:
paX, et LeX VenIant, IVstItIa, aLMa Ceres. = 1609

IL
CedVnt eVMenIdes CoCItI ad stagna, bIfrontIs
dVX senIs aVstrIaCVs fanaqVe CLaVdIt oVans, ^ 1608

IIL
arChIdVCes beLLIqVe abIgVnt odIIqVe MInIstros,
Vt soL eXorIens nVbILa LVCe fVgat. ^ i6q9

IV.
aXIs erIt gLadIVs, faLX CVspIs, CassIs aratrVM s
qVa fVIt In beLLIs LanCea, VerrJt agros. =:; 1609

V.
LaVs ILLa aLbertI, qVI beLLVM sVstVLIt, AitjVE
dIsIVnCtos IVnXIt, fcedere, paCe, fIde. 5? 1609

^ The citj of Granada. The Moors were expelled from Spain in 1609.

► = 1609

4i8 PANEGYRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

VI.

VIVant, eXVLtent dVCe et Isto prInCIpe beLg^
aVspICe qVo belli tIMpana VbIqVe sILent. = 1609

Terpsichore then offers five chronograms upon the treaty of
peace (de induciis) of Albert and Isabella, 1609 —

L
IaM noWs eXorItVr IanVs, bona gaVdIa CVnCtIs
nVnCIat, IndICbns aVrea saCLa darI. = 1609

IL
sIderIs aspeCtV MeLIorI hIC VertItVr ather,
eCCe redVX paX est, sanCtaqVe IVstItIa. = 1609

III.
eXILIo reVoCata VenIt paXj eXVLat et Mars,
ET CLaVdVs faber, et beLLICa persephone. = 1609

IV.
LVCIferVM seqVItVr soL, nVbes CLarIor aXIs;
FCEDERA sic pIa paX, trIstIa beLLa qVIes. = 1609

V.
faX belli eXtInCta est; LVCent In tVrrIbVs Ignes:
Hos dedIt et paX, et paCIs aMICa qVIes. = 1609

Themis then comes with two prophecies hitherto occult, and the
rest of the muses follow with a complete labyrinth of verse and anagram
m explanation of prophecy made to apply to Ambrose Marquis Spinola,
the Spanish General in the Netherlands, and an acrostic poem on the
words 'Ambrosivs Spinola Marchio Venafri dvx sanseverianvs,' the
letters of these words being the initial letters, in succession, of each
line. This is followed by a poetical address to him in Latin
on the taking of Ostende by the Austrian-Spanish forces under his
command ; and by a chronographic effusion emanating from the muses,
on the death of Philip 11. the Catholic, in 1598. It is preceded by
his motto —

Nec spe nee metu.

L
CoNSTANS VIta fVIt, Constans Mors, gLorIa Constans;
Vt sVpero Constans tV deVs aXe CVbas. = 1598

IL
dVM CLarIs soCIandVs aVIs reX astra phILIppVs
ConspICIt, erIgone soL tWs hospes erat. = 1598

IIL
phoebVs CiELICoLiE perLVstrans VIrgInIs IgneM,
ConspeXIt LVgens bVsta phILIppe tVa. = 1598

IV.
spIrItVs aLta petIt, sVnt CorporIs eXta sepVLCro
CLaVsa, tVIs sCeptrIs tbrMInVs orbIs erat. = 1598

PANEG YRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA. 419

V.
ortVs kt oCCasVs, boreas et CerVLVs aVster
pLanXerVnt CIneres Magne phILIppe tVos. = 1598

VI.
ItaLVs, IndVs, afrI, LVsItanVs, beLgICa, IberVs,
MaVsoLaa tIbI CLara preCesqVe dabVnt. = 1598

VII.
Vrna tegIt CIneres, C^LI ConVeXa tVetVr
spIrItVs, hIC sCeptrI faMa sVperstes erIt. = 1598

VIII.
CVnCta phILIppe tIbI CessIt reX regna phILIppVs
MortWs, Vt sVperIs regna parata CoLat. = 1598

And these two chronograms, the first making the year 1598, the
year in which the provinces were ceded to Albert —
dVX aLberte taMen dItIo tIbI beLgICa Cedet,
VXorIs CLar£ dosqVe erIt ILLa tVa. = 1598

The second designates the year 1596, in which Calais, Ardres,
and Hulst succumbed to Duke Albert —
ICCIa sed prIVs Vrbs septa et deVICta CaLetI,
ardeaqVe, atqVe hVLstVM LaVrsa serta dabIt. ss 1596

Tiresias^ the prophet sees Morpheus' approaching, and sub-
mits a Cabalistic arrangement of the words of the subjoined chrono-
gram, on the taking of Ostende in 1604, viz. —
osTENDiE frangIs LIMosas spInoLa spInas. = 1604

Then the nine muses supply chronograms on the victories which
followed in consequence of the taking of Ostende —

Urania sings of the ineffectual attempts of the enemy against
Antwerp —

LVX iifiC qV^ bataVas VIdet adVentare CarInas
adVatICaM,^ CiEsos VIdIt et h^C bataVos. = 1605

Melpomene congratulates the Marquis on arriving at Antwerp,
and presages the Schelde being spread across by planks —
fLandrICVs aLCIdes, dVX spInoLa fortIs adIbIt
adVatICaM,* et fLWIVs ponte LIgandVs erIt. r= 1605

Thalia Lingensis castri expeditionem posteritati consecrat —
TE VICtrIX hIspana phaLanX dVCe VadIt In oras
ET popVLVM frIsIa, LIngICa septa CapIt. = 1605

Clio Oldenselam occupatam extollit —
oLdenseLa tVIs CerVICes fasCIbVs VLtr6
sVbIICIt, IMperIIs seqVe sVosqVe tVIs. = 1605

^ Tiresias was endowed by Jupiter with the gift of propheqr ; his oradcs were infallible.
' Morpheas among the gods had the power to imitate the words and gestnres of mankind.
* Adnatica =s Antwerp.

420 PANEGYRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

Erato ; Wachtendoncum oppidum et Cracoviae castrum eodem
duce extinguata profeit Erato —
WaChtendonCa rVIs, fortIbqVe CraCoVIa^ spInIs

InVIa Magne tVIs spInoLa nVLLa VIa est. = 1605

Terpsichore applauds the recovery of Grolle and its deliverance
from siege —

groLLa reCepta fVIt, MoX eXpYgna^a; bed hostIs
perCVLsVs CeCIpIt, te VenIente fVgIt. =s 1606

Euterpe, the town of Berchem, stitHig by nature and by art,
yields to the general Spinola —

berCa seCVnda ostbnda LICbt foret, eXtItIt aVsIs
eXpVgnata taMen, VICta, sVbaCta tVIs. = 1606

Polymneia prognosticates favourably to the States of Holland
concerning Spinola, on the matter of public security, and by chrono-
gram giv^s tfie year —
spInoLa paCator bataVas VbI pergIt In Vrbes,

oMIne ter faVsto nIX fVgIt atqVe geLV: f _ ^^^^g

sic gradIVe feroX, teqVe 6 beLLona fVgabIt

foedVs, et eX Ipsa paCe reVIsa qVIes.
And by this the day and month is expressed —
ortV septeno phoebo apparente sVb Vrna

frIgora deCedVnt, soLVItVr aCre geLV:
ortV septeno phoebo apparente sVb Vrna

LegatVs paCIs spInoLa VadIt oVans. \_ ^^

feLIX aVgVrIo, VentVr« prssCIa sortIs, / ^

ILLa dIes aLbo dIgna CoLore fVIt, | <

Vt frIgVs, nIX aLba, geLV sb sKparat astV; I

FCEDERE SiC aCtO, BELLICVS HORROR ABIt.* ^

Calliope presages the coming of the Atarquis to Antwerp to pro-
mote peace, by this double chronogram —

I.
CLara serenato LVX peLLIt ab aere nVbes,
CVM ANTWERPiE portVs dVX spInoLa paCIfer Intrat. = 1609

11.

aVgVrIVM adVatICIs feLIX, sIC be1.La re^dVnt ) .

ftEDERE, tVTA qVIeS bX PACtA PACe REDlelT.^ J ^

Calliope sings on the assistance of l^inok in making the Belgian
peace inviolate —

spInoLa te foLIIs CIngIt VICtorIa LaVrI,

paX IterVM et dVpLeX LaVde Corona datVr. 5= 1609

' These chronogramB are thus in the origixud ; they should make 1608.

}■
I

PANEG YRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA, 42 1

II.
feLIX MartIs opVs, fVIt et VICtorIa, feLIX^
paX patroCInIo, InCepta, peraCta tVo.*

HI.
Vt Caret InterItV VIVaX tVa gLorIa beLLI,
sic eXpers CasVs^oMIne paCIs erIs. = 1609

Morpheus and the Fates confirm all these sayings.

The European Sibyl appears with five prophecies hitherto
unknown, through which a certain Joannes Eichardotius, president
of council, is brought under notice, together with acrostic verses,
each line commencing with the letters of his name in succession,
and the three Graces pronounce these presages concerning him —

Thalia, about the peace with France —
pLaVsVs VbIqVe fVIt beLgIs, tIbI LaVs, VbI paCeM
sIgnarVnt reges, franCICVs, fiEsPERlCVs. = 1609

Aglaia, about the peace with England —
CondVpLICant pLaVsVs qV-s Magna brItannIa sanXCIt

FCEDERA ET eX ILLIs LaVs tIbI bInA DATVr. s= 1609

Huphrosyne, about the Belgian peace —
eXpeCtata dIV, IaM tertIa paX VenIt, ILLa
LaVdesqVe, et CVnCtIs gaVdIa perfICIet. = 1609

Urania utters the second prophecy of the European Sibyl, intro-
ducing Joannes Mancicidorus, a herald of the peace, by an anagram
and acrostic verses on his name, and a triple chronogram to him as
secretary to Duke Albert —

I.
aCCIpe pIerIos X paCIs fcedere fLores,
ManCICIdor hongs nobILIs hesperIae. = 1609

11.
CIVICa te eXornat paX LaVro, aVroqVe phILIppVs,
qVI tenet hesperICI sCeptra tIMenda soLI. = 1609

III.
dILIget aLbertVs prInCeps te, beLgICa honore
pLaCata attoLLet, noMen ad astra fbret. = 1609

Urania unfolds the third prophecy of the European Sibyl by
naming Joannes Nei, the commissary-general, the paianymph of the
seraphic order of peace ; and by acrostic verses on his name showing
the state of Belgium flourishing, fallen, and at length restored through
the care of John Nei; together with these three chronographic
presages concerning him and the Belgian peace —

I.
TE CeLebreM faCIVnt prVdentIa, praXIs^ et VsVs,

ET nVnC QViE eX FACtA FCEDERA PaCe VIgENT. = 1609

^ This chronogram makes only 1559.

422 PANEG YRIC— ALBERT AND ISABELLA.

11.
tV foedVs, beLLa eXosVs CIVILIa, regI
sVasIstI, arChIdVCI, bt beLgIadYM popVLo. = 1609

III.
hIC CarIes, VeL LIVor edaX obLIVIa faMa
nVLLa xViE IndVCent; VIVa, perennIs erIt. = 1609

Urania adduces the fourth prophecy of the European Sibyl, and
an anagram on the name of Lodovicus Vereicen (who closed the
doors of the temple of Janus three times), with acrostic verses thefeon ;
and illustrates it by this triple chronogram —

I.
o VIr VIVe dIV tbr CLaVdens ostIa IanI
CLarIVs, eXternIs aCCVMVLate bonIs. = 1609

II.
VoVIt Ita dVrIs eX bbLLI eXeMpta perICLIs
ET feLIX trIna beLgICa paCe frVens. = 1609

III.
franCIa te eXornat, LaVroqVe brItannIa, L.«ta
' beLgICa, CVM stVdIIs paX fVIt ICta tVIs. = 1609

Erato pronounces five chronograms concerning the Belgian
peace, to the country and its people —

I.
beLgIa dIV dIsCors fVIt eXItIaLIbVs arMIs,
nVnC fXpers LVCtVs f(edera paCIs habet. = 1609

II.
InfeLIX VIdIt CIVILes beLgIa MotVs,
QViE pVLCro feLIX fcedere paCIs oVat. = 1609

III.
fVnVs erIt BELLI, eX CeLo paX beLLa redIbIt,
LaVretI foLIIs paX redIMIta CapVt. = 1609

IV.
nVLLa saLVs beLLI tIbI beLgIa pLVrIMa paCIs:
eXpeCtata IgItVr paX Veneranda VenI. = 1609

V.
VIVIte paCIfICI Vos IaM ConCordIa beLg^e
ConIVnXIt neXV et fcedere perpetVo. = 1609

Phoebus undertakes the last prophecy of the European Sibyl,
and declares it to be deservedly applicable to Baltasar de Robiano,
the Archducal Quaestor-general, by an anagram on his name, and by
singing an allegorical Latin ode to him declaring his services in the
matter of the peace ; and furthermore Phoebus, by three chronograms,
tells of Antwerp having returned to Neptune and Mercury ^ tfajrough
the care of the same Baltasar —

^ The gods who presided over navigation and commerce.

FERDINAND— CONGRA TULA TION AT BR USSELS, 423

I.
VInCVLa qVje IMposVIt sChaLdI beLLona, reLaXat
paX; IgItVr prorIs CVrrIte, et Ite rates. = 1606

11.

rVrsVM eX oCCasV, eX ORTV PROPERATE CARlNiE;

sChaLdIs, et adVatIC^ portVs apertVs erIt. = 1609

III.
eXI faMa LoqVaXj popVLIs sVb VtroqVe reLICtIs

Igne poLI, beLgas dICIto paCe frVI. = 1609

Phoebus pronounces this ' retrograde' ^ about the Belgian peace,
a set of verses in which the words of one couplet are to be read the
reverse way in good metre in the next couplet —

I.
Austriacum genus hsec Belgis dat tempora pads :
Condito mucronem Mars fere sanguineum.

Ita verte.
Sanguineum fere Mars mucronem condito : pacis
Tempora dat Belgis haec genus Austriacum.

II.
Letitiae bona pax Belgis dat gaudia, veram
Ferree cedent! Mars tibi tristitiam.

Verte.
Tristitiam tibi Mars cedenti ferree veram,
Gaudia dat Belgis pax bona letitiae.

* FINIS.'

And so endeth this fanciful panegyric.

Achronographic congratulation by the Society of Jesuits at
Brussels, to Ferdinand, Infanta of Spain, on his arrival in the
Netherlands as governor. It is dedicated to St Michael, the tutelar
saint of that city. The opening line has been quoted and requoted,
with a puzzling mistake in spelling, so as to render it unintelliygible,
an4 with a remark that the whole composition is a ' most extraordinary'
one.^ The book is probably very rare in England. I believe that
there is no copy of it in the British Museum Library j it is a notable
example, among many, of the skill of the Jesuits as chronogram
makers. The date 1634 is repeated throughout in one hundred
hexameter verses. The following transcript is from the copy in the
Bodleian Library, Oxford, where it is catalogued under ' Ferdinandus,
etc' This is the title-page,* * Chronographica Gratulatio in Felicissi-

^ See retrograde verses at pp. 323, 324, ante,

' The most extraordinary tliat I have met with is a book containing 2068 hexameter
chronogram lines. See Index, ' Annus sexagesimos.' The reader will see it described later
bn in this volume.

* All printed in Roman capital letters.

424 FERDINAND— CONGRATULATION AT BRUSSELS.

mum Adventum Serenissimi Cardinalis Ferdinandi Hispaniarum
Infantis a CoUegio Soc. Jesu Bruxellse publico Belgarum gaudio
exhibita; Antverpise, ex officina Plantiniana Balthasaris Moreti.
MDCXxxiv.' [Dedication.^] 'S. MichaeU Angelorum omnium Arch-
angelo, annorum et astrorum omnium Moderator!, exercituum
omnium coelo terraque imperatori, principuro omnium principi,
Urbium principis Bruxelte et sedis Soc. Jesu in eadem urbe principi
tutelari, ob indultam serenissimo semper principi Ferdinando His-
paniarum Infanti S. R. E. Cardinali Post victoriam Nortlinganam, In
Belgium suum adventanti inauditam saeculis, toto autumno aeris
serenitatem, Ex quo ipsa S. Michaelis Festa Luce coelo serenissimo
Bruxelte triumphatum est sereno semper et propitio Temporum
Temperator Tempori attemperatum Votum, Chronographicorum
Centuria adomatum.'

angeLe* CceLIVagI MIChabL, LVX VnICa C(EtVs, = 1634

PRO nVtV sVCCInCta tVo CVI CVnCta MInIstrant = 1634

sIDera qVIqVe poLo gaVDentIa sIDera VoLWnt; = 1634

qVIqVe IVbent fInes et VIXiE teMpora DVCVnt; = 1634

VeLIVoLasqVe regVnt an IMas, et segnIbVs VnDIs = 1634

ET ratIbVs sVa IVra CIent; MItesqVe refVnDVnt, ss 1634

trIstesVe InVergVnt aVras, te IVDICe rerVM : = 1634

aVspICIIs* pr6 qVanta tVIs eDVXerat arMa = 1634

C^;sAR, et InneXIs eX fceDere reX Iber arMIs, = 1634

IMpaVIDos aVsV &«Vo fVrIIsqVe rebeLLes, = 1634

VIrIbVs eXVtos DIro MersIsse sVb orCo I = 1634

oLLI* reX gnatVs, DVX IstI frater In hosteM, = 1634

aCrIs VterqVe anIMI, atqVe ostro DIgnatVs VterqVe; = 1634
aLter teVtonIDVM VI nIXVs et aLter IberA, = 1634

HiERETlC^ eXItIVM gentIs fernanDVs VterqVe. = 1634

pVgnatVr, freMItVr, baLIsta eXpLoDItVr* Ingens = 1634

torMento eXILIIt gLobVs, atroX, fceDaqVe pestIs = 1634

granDI (heV!) fLagItIo sVpereVoLat, Inter VtrVMqVe = 1634
traVoLat heroeM, et VaLIDo trVX IrrVIt Igne; = 1634

MoX CapVt aDstantIs qVatIens spargensqVe trIbVnI, = 1634
FATA DVCVM reVeretVr, abIt sIne VIrIbVs horror. = 1634

STAT* CoLLIs; BELLI hVC MoLes ConVoLVItVr: hVIVs = 1634
VtrIMqVe Intererat: granDes ter qVInqVe sVb ICtVs = 1634
horrIbILI DVrans InsVLtV, TVRpfe fVgatVM, = 1634

VIrIbVs et rabIe eXhaVstVM Dare terga CobgIt = 1634

^ All printed in Roman capital letters.

* Michael r^ens omnes angelos, per eos et sidera regit, et volvit coelos, agitqne
tempestates.

" PrBelium Nortlingarum. [The defeat of the Swedes at Nordlingen, 27th Aug. 1634.]

* Serenissimi rex Hungarise pro Patre, et Cazxlinalis Infans pro Fratre exerdtns
dncont.

* Globus tormento ab hoste excussus inter utriusqne Principis humeros innoxius
adstantem discerpit

* Conatur hostis oollem occupare in quo victorise momentum erat ; eum nostri insederant,
et 15, irruptionibus fatigatum, ipsi integn in fiigam stragemqne compellunt

FERDINAND— CONGRATULATION AT BRUSSELS. 425

hosteM victor eqVes . paVIDVs rVIt In sVa septa, = 1634

eLabI VaLIDVs . seD Vah fVgIentIbVs aVDens = 1634

OBSTAT Iber, VastatqVe aCIes, VnDante VIrVM VI = 1634

DIWLsAS LanIare feroX.heV teVtonIs arMIs = 1634

IVnCtVs Iber (VoX^ hostIs erat) qWm DaMna propInat! = 1634

QViE PROBRA R«C 1 QViE MONSTRA ! aVt rVpIbVs aVt STYGIIs DIs = 1 634

CertatVrI trVX rIDet Iber, satIs VnVs In oMnes = 1634

stare LVtheranos, IVgVLIsqVe InterrItVs VnDaM = 1634

sangVIneo DVCIt rIVo; MoX hoste potItVr. = 1634

paLMa VenIt; sVbItVs ferIt aVrea sIDera pLaVsVs. = 1634

POST, VbI festIVos CastrIs DVXere trIVMphos, = 1634

VICTOR oVans VIrIDI neXVs per teMpora serto, = 1634

VnDIqVe speCtanDos eDIXerat VrbIbVs Ignes. = 1634

saCra tIbI, bone spIrItWM DVX, hoste fVgato, = 1634

saCraS fVIt tVnC DICta DIes; brVXeLLa CorVsCIs = 1634

pVLChra foCIs, pVLChro CoLLVXIt In astra trIVMpho, = 1634

totaqVe beLgIaDVM soboLes . noX IgnIbVs VnIs = 1634

oMnIs aDVLatVr; IgneoqVe nItentIa WLtV = 1634

ASTRA reDVCIt oVans .«stIVo MItIa neXV, == 1634

ConCILIatqVe Choros pLaCIDI DVX aVrea CoetVs. = 1634

Interea* fLVIt aVtVMnVs; geLIDasqVe prVInas s= 1634

Vrget hIeMs, nebVLasqVe sInV VaLIDosqVe trIones s= 1634

eXCIpIt; an fraCtI In LVCtVs sVCCVMbere BELOiis = 1634

CogIMVr? aVt CiECos sIne prInCIpb VoLVere fLVCtVs? = 1634

DVX aLberVs VbI est? VbI MartIa regnat eLIsa? = 1634

CceLVM habitant . VbI nVnC VICtor? sVCCVrrere beLgIs==s 1634

qVI poterIt fernanDVs Iber, CVM noXIa nVbes = 1634

obVoLVet CceLos MIXtIs CaVa nVbILa fLoCCIs = 1634

LaXabVnt pLWIos iNAMiCNA granDIne rIVos, = 1634

DensabVntqVe LVtVM pLateIs? VenIt eVge. nItentI = 1634

angeLe panDe VIaM : LatI noVa faX VenIt -fiVI, = 1634

soL NoWs oCCIDVIs PRoCVL aDVoLat InCLytVs orIs. = 1634

panDe VIaM, LaXa VIoLas, et hIantIbVs arVa = 1634

SPARGE Rosis VernIsqVe soLVM tege fLorIbVs > InDeX s= T634

L^TlTliE LVX Vna VenIt; nItet hebDoMas Vna. = 1634

sic* IVbet e CiELIs MIChaAL arChangeLVs : eXLeX = 1634

annVs eat: prIMI DVX frIgorIs aXe rebeLLes = 1634

sCorpIVs aMoVeat fVrIas; stet pVrIVs VDIs = 1634

eXVtVs septIs: geLIDVsqVe MInantIa teLa t= 1634

teMperet arCItenens, InnoXIVs VnDIqVe s^eVas = 1634

absqVe geLV, nIVIbVs, pLWIA ManDare sagIttas. = 1634

^ Homitts captivus, Hispanos milites rapium et ferri instar inexpugnabiles stetisse,
questos. ^

* Festo S. Michadis BrnxelUe (urbe S. Michaeli sacr&) et tota BrabantUi ignes trinmphales
erecti sunt victorise Nortlinganse ; codo turn serenissimow

' Belgae serenitatem aeris celeri adTentui Prindpis orant.

* Indpit indulgere S. MichaeL
' Imperat omnem serenitatem.

426 FERDINAND— CONGRATULA TION AT BRUSSELS.

ERGO FERoX VarIo DVM sCorpIVs IngrVIt anno, =3 1634

aVt qVatIt eXposIto sVa DaMna sagIttIfer arCV, = 1634

nVLLVs aDest IMber, VenIVnt In Vota faVonI; = 1634

tVrbIDVs oCtober MaIo ter sVaVIor eXIt, = 1634

atqVe aVDbt fLeVIsse rosIs VIoLIsqVe noVeMber. » 1634

Hos ERGO WLtVs faMVLantIbVs InDVIt astrIs; = 1634

ET QV-fiCVMgVE DatVr patrIos VIa VIsere fInes, s= 1634

CVrat Iter, fernanDe, tIbI . Ver VnDIqVb fVnDVnt =3 1634

In nVtVs eLeMenta tVos ; tIbI sVbdIta LVDVnt = 1634

DeVIa terrarVM ; non* hIs eXerCItVs arVIs = 1634

horret Iter . pLaVDant zephyrI ; VIX MVLta pVtantI s=s 1634

s^eCVLa soL VoLVCres sIC LVCIDVs Issb qVaDrIgas = 1634

CreDItVr, oCCIDVo nVLLVs CVI sCorpIVs anno = 1634

taM ferVs InVIsA VIX tInoeret ahra CaVDJL sa 1634

LabItVr IntereA tarDI LVX qVarta noVbMbrISi = 1634

VerIs opes aMpLeXa sInV : seD* nVbILa IVssa, s= 1634

soLe orIente noVo, VeterIs sIbI sVbDerb WLtVM; = 1634

nVbILa, seD pLWIos tenVIt reVerbntIa MotVs. = 1634

qVantVs aDes beLgIs I MoX LiETis qVantVs IbbrIs I = 1634

ore,' genIs; WLtV, spe sangVInIs VnDIqVe beLgaM ts 1634

ConCLaMant: VIVaX oCVLIs, VI peCtorIs aCer = 1634

VIVat Iber: eXpLbbIt aVos, spes aLtera MVnDI, = 1634

MIXtVs Iber beLg^ seV bbLga VIDetVr Ibero. a 1634

ILLe* VbI beLLa MarI CresCVnt, nIXVsqVb proCeLLA as 1634

battaWs InfreMVIt ratIbVs fretaqVe horrIDa CVrrens=s 1634

baCChatVr ; VInCet, pLaCIDasqVb hIs fLVCtIbVs VnDas = 1634

bXCVtIet. CiECo stabIt faX CIVICa CaMpo; = 1634

ConCVrrentqVe aCIes, VMbrIsqVe eXCIta CoaCtIs =s 1634

trVX hyDra prorVMpet spInIs, tVrbasqVb CIebIt? = 1634

eXIget has fVrIas, hos frons bLanDIssIMa WLtVs. ss 1634

sIC sVbIgIt CVnCtos arChangeLVs ILLe tVMVLtVs, = 1634

qVI tVa Castra regens, tIbI teMpVs bt astra reDVXIt. = 1634
Vota Cano: hjeC LeVIbVs qVaMVIs nVnC InCLvte

prInCeps s= 1634

VersICVLIs InCLVsa, fLVent In saCVLa CbntVM. = 1634

[Here follows the approval, and licence to print the gnttulation.]

ANOTHER congratulation to the Infimta Ferdinand as Governor
of the Netherlands is intituled, ' Emblematica Gratulatio
serenissimo principi Cardinal! Ferdinando, etc,' by the Society of
Jesuits at Mechlin, mdcxxxv. It consists of 44 pages. The following

' Exerdtus regius universas toto itinere mirft serenitate est usns.

* Adveniante Principe totus dies inter oinnes alios serenos nnbilos fuit, quasi noTum
Solem orbi proferret nullA tamen plavift.

' Vota et faustse acclamationes i>opaIL

^ Optant eddem fadUtate et leoitate voltns et formi animi et corporis rebelles tomoltiis
man terr&qae sedari, eft ope S. Michaelis Archangdi, qaft nunc serenam hiemi anxmm et
fiunem dediL

FERDINAND— CONGRATULATIONS AT MECHLIN, ETC. 427

chronograms are extracted from the copy in the Bodleian Library,
Oxford, where it is catalogued under ' Ferdinandus.' The dedication
ends thus —

ferDInanDo hIspano aVstrIaCo In beLLIs InVICto, In ) _ , .

VICtorIIs feLICI VIta et gLorIa. / *" ^^^S

The joy at his arrival is indicated by many public inscriptions,
etc Among them are these chronograms —

aVgVstIssIMe prInCeps tIbI beLgICI CaLI noVo soLI ) __ ^

TOTA CongratVLatVr patrIa. j "■ '^S

Id prInCeps tVa tIbI VICtorI MeChLInIa faVsta ) , ^

feLICIaqVe preCatVr. / - ^^35

beLgarVM noWs hesperIIs soL eXIIt VnDIs. = 1635

ferDInanDo aVstrIaCo regIs fratrI pIo, sapIentI, IVsto, \

beLLICoso LIberaLI soCIbtas IesV Irgrata ne esset>= 1635
ponI CVrabat. I

lo VIVat VIVat Id DoMVs aVstrIaCa. = 1635

NORxLlNGiE aVXILIVM sVIs DeVs.i = 1634

ferDInanDI fortItVDInI aVXILIatI sVnt angeLI.^ = 1634

aVXILIVM sVIs In beLgIo DeVs. = 1635

IaCobVs hIspanIa patronVs tIbI patrIa eX astrIs erIt ) ,^^

PRAsIDIVM. /- '^35

ferDInanDVs DVX fortIter pVgnans VICIt.^ = 1634

prInCIpI fortI aC beLLICoso VICtorI VnI eX MILLIbVs.= 1635

A NOTHER book, also in the Bodleian Library, is intituled, *
jf\ 'Serenissimo Ferdinando, Hispaniarum Infanti, S. R. E.
Cardinali, pro Philippo iv., Belgicse et Burgundis gubematori Militiae
Regise archistratego Gandse vota. Antverpiae, mdcxxxv.'

At page 23 his arrival at Ghent is extolled in an elegiac poem,
with this *chronicon* —
ERGO VenIstI MIhIqVb eXpeCtata tVbrI ora DatVr? = 1635

At page 27 is another poem and this ' chronicon' —

VICiT Iter DVrVM VIrtVs tVa, = 1634

These chronograms occiur also in a bookj ' Serenissimi Hispani-
arum principis, etc' By Gulielmus Becanus. Antwerp, 1636.
(British Museum, press-mark 564. L 8.)

^^^^^^^^

A book entitled, 'Triumphael Incomst Doorleichtichsten Prince
£\^ Cardinael Ferdinandus Infant van Hisp. Binnen Antwerpen
den 17 April 1635.' Printed at Antwerp, 1635. 4° (British Museum,
press-mark 811. d. 48.) It is in the Flemish language, and consists
of about 44 pages of narrative and laudatory verses, with some
chronograms both in Latin and Flemish, concerning the pageant
held on the arrival at Antwerp of Prince-Cardinal Ferdinand the

^ The date of the battle of Nordlingen, the defeat of the Swedes.

428 FERDINAND— PAGEANT AT ANWERP.

Infant of Spain (son of Philip iii.), as governor of the Nether-
lands—

t extract only the chronograms which were inscribed on triumphal
arches and other temporary decorations along the line of procession —
ferDInanDo aVstrIaCo In regnIs CssarIs sororIo, HlsPANliC
fratrI VnICo, PANNONlfi LeVIro, beLgICa gVbernatorI
ponItVr.^

Dat is te seggen.
ter eeren Van ferDInanDVs Int keyseryCk sChoonsoon \
Int spaens-ryCk broer, Int hongers-ryCk sWager, Int > = 1635
neerLants-ryCk goVerneVr, gesteLt. j

The meaning is : A dedication to Ferdinand^ who is variously rdated as
son, son-in-law, brother-in-law, etc., to the royal families of Austria,
Spain, and Hungary, and is also governor of the Netherlands.
Charo hIspanI<« sIDerI, antVerpIa horIsonteM, \^ ^^

faVste InfantI VoVetVr perennIs prosperItas. / ^^

Dat is te seggen.
AEN het nIeV spansCh steerLICht Dat hIer bInnen]
antWerpen VersChynenDe Is, by aLLegeLVCk en > = 1635
voorspoet. )

i.e. To the dear star of Spain, the Infant, happily appearing on the
horizon of Antwerp, perpetual prosperity is consecrated.

Inscribed on a triumphal structure put up by the Carmelite Friars,
adorned with emblems alluding to the prophet Elijah, and the
mysterious scenes which took place on Mount Carmel —
VenIat In te Infans nlsPANliS spIrItVs DVpLeX MagnI
patrIs eLLa. = 1635

HEERE geest tTIer Des DobbeLen geest Van VWen heLIas
AEN Den Infant Van hIspanIen. &= 1635

ie. May the double spirit of the great prophet Elijah come to thee, O
Infant of SpairL [See 2 Kings iL 9.]

VbIqVe zeLabItVr zeLVM DeI sVI Vt thesbIta, =s 1635

HY saL Waer't sy In aLLe pLaetsen en aLLb tyDen]
geLyCk heLIas thesbIta Was VIerICh Voor goDts > = 1635

EERE SYN. j

ie. Everywhere jealousy for his God shall be shortm by him, as by the
Tishbite. [See i Kings xix. 10, and 14.]

InIMICos DeI, regIs sVosqVe sVperans sVperatVrVs est s= 1635
oVer aL saL hII oVerhant hebben Van De WeDerspannIghe
VIIanDen. = 163s

i,e. Destined to overcome the erumies of God whilst subduing those of the
king and of himself

» Thb chronogram makes 154a The Flemish version of it makes 1635, and is probably
the date intended for both.

MARIA THERESA— INAUGURATION AT GHENT. 4^9

Ita tIbI ferDInanDb In aDVentV ANxVERPliE VoVent fILII
heLIs. =5 1635

SOO VVeNsChEN AEN V FERDInANDVs WII XHESBlXiE

kInDeren. = 163s

le. ThuSy O Ferdinand^ on thine advent to Antwerp^ do the sons of
Elijah {the CarmdiU Friars) devote themselves to thee. [See 2 Kings
ii. 16, etc.]

Inscribed on a grand triumphal arch leading to the mint, adorned
with figures and emblems relatmg to metals and coinage —
soL ET LVna operantVr hIspanIarVM regI, Deo faVente,
aVrI et argentI thesaVros. = 1635

SON EN Maen, brenghen AEN Den Vorst Van hIspanIen
phILIppVs goVt en sILVer Voorts. = 1635

i,e. By the favour of God the sun and moon bestow on the King of Spain
treasures of gold and silver. [The sun and moon were the names given
by the aldiemists to those metals.]

aVreo prInCIpI,
aVrea perV, argentIfer potosI ab aVrI, argentI et arIs
MonetarIIs DefertVr. =1635

PRINS, V TER EERENy HE6BBN Wy MVnTERS 'T ANTWERPEN

hIer DIt geberghte potosI gestICht. = 1635

ue. To the golden Prince is brought the golden Peru^ and the silver-
bearing Potosi^ by the coiners of gpld^ stiver^ and copper money at
Antwerp.

argentIfer potosI ^erarIVM thesaVrI perpbtVI nerWs
beLLo DatVr. = 1635

De goVt en sILVeryCke sChatkIste Vant perVaens potosI
Is Den spaensen konInCks Legers CraCht. = 1625

i.e. The sUver-bearing Potosi^ the bank of perpetual treasure^ the sinew of
war is given to thee. The Flemish chronogram makes only 1625, an
error which I am unable to correct

"O ELATION de inauguration solemnelle de sa sacr^e Majesty
XX Marie Therese, etc. (Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, as
Countess of Flanders, celebrated at Ghent on 27th April 1744),
published at Ghent Folio. The book is in the Library of the
Society of Antiquaries, London. It describes the ceremonies, and
contains two engravings.

The frontispiece is subscribed with this chronogram —
aUgUsta theresIa regIna, eXULtante fLanDrIa InaUgU-
ratUr CoMes. r= 1744

A very large folding engraving represents the chief structure put up
for the ceremony; the above chronogram is among the decorations on
a scroll held by ' two Seraphins,' and this one is over the throne —
MARliE theresIje CaroLI seXtI FlLIiE VoTA sUa renoVantIbUs
sUbDItIs. = 1744

430 ST. MACAIRE— PAGEANT AI GHENT.

A BOOK in the library of the Society of Antiquaries, London.
' Description du Jubild de sept cent ans do S. Macaire ;
patron particulier contre la peste, qui sera c^l^r^ d^ns la Ville de
Gandy Capitale de Flandre, etc. (commencing 30th May to isth
June 1767, with the ceremonies, cavalcades, and processions), pub-
lished at Gand. 4°. Illustrated bv sixteen coloured engravings of
the triumphal chariots, groups of (model) wild beasts and animals*
the four seasons, etc. etc., composing the procession and the other
decorations.^ The whole is described in prose and poetry, in which
115 chronograms occur. A few extracts must suffice ; I have not space
for all, while several would be devoid of meaning apart from the text
and the engravings —

MaCarII LaUDes eXtoLLo. «= tlSf

sic septIngentIs can Da MaCarIUs annIs JUbILat. = 1767

septeM tUbIs, qUIbUs sUa JUbILa kXULterUnt Vetbres,

pr«DICatUr festIVItas. = 1767

bUCCInate, InsIgnI DIe soLeMnItatIs Vestrs. Psalm 8a = 1767

LaUDate CYMbaIJs JUbILatIonIs. Psalm isa = 1767

eXULtate Deo psaLLIte MaCarIo. Ps. 97. = 1767

JUbILate eI In ConspeCtV regIs DoMInI. Ps. 97. = 1767

LaUDate noMen eJUs In Choro aC tUba. Ps. 149. ^ 1767

sanCto MaCarIo senatUs et popULUs ganDensIs. = 1767

ganDenses CIVes, taM sanCto prasULe, tUtI. 5= 1767

aUXILIo est VIrgo ganDensIs tUta LeonIs,
EST qUoqUe MaCarIUs tUtor, et UsqUe fUIt.

}= 1767

A triumphal car contained a group of St. Macaire sacrificing his
life for the preservation of the city from the pestilence, with this
allusion to the pelican —
Ut VIVant, refoVet peLICanUs sangUIne pULLos, \ _

loia

1067
1767

hIC perIt, Ut VIVat LIbera ganDa LUe.*

The next alludes to the exhibition of the relics of the saint by Eling
Philip I. of France on 9th May 1067 —

patronI nostrI reLIqUIa, aDstantIbUs hIs prInCIpIbUs, ) _
pUbLICo CULtUI popULo eXposIta fUerUnt.* / ""

reLIqUIarUM tantI patronI nos ganDa partICIpesI _
feCIt. j ""

The next alludes to King Philip the Good, who, as the twenty-
eighth Count of Flanders, instituted the order of the Golden Fleece —
hIC reX phILIppUs fortIssIMUs eXtItIt ULtor \ .^r^

JUsTlTliE, AC aCer beLLIger UsqUe fUIt.« j "" '5^7

^ The Jesuits and the Augustins arranged and managed the proceedings.

' ' Retrospective ' chronograms made 755, 70Q, and 20Q jtim after the dates.

ST. RUMOLD— PAGEANT AT MECHLIN. 431

The next is Charles il of Spain, as the thirty-seventh Count of |

Flanders — 1

reX CaroLUs, sUb qUo feLIX hIspanIa teLLUs ) _ g^g-^ j

seXta CeLebraVIt JUbILa MaCarIo. / ^ '^^^ j

DUX CaroLUs LotharUs, prInCeps non CharIor ULLUs I _ -^- i

DELICIiB popULI, tUtor UbIqUe sUI. / " '^^^ I

CaroLUs LotharUs pro Magna theresLi fLanDrLa I

gUbernator. = 1767 j

PERPETU6 fLorbsCat pIa DoMUs aUstrIaCa. = 1767
A swan is inscribed — ^eXpIrams taM DULCe CanIt. =1767

Deo, UrbIsqUe proteCtorI MaCarIo sIt sIne gLorIa. = 1767

senatUs et popULUs ganDensIs sanCto MaCarIo. = 1767

PRAEL-TREYN, etc., a description of a jubilee held at Mechlin
in honour of the patron saint Rumold, the processions and
emblematical groups of figures in triumphal chariots, with many fine
engravings of them, typical of the abolition of pa,ganism and the
establishment of Christianity. Published at Mechlin, no date. 4^.
pp. 33. The book is in the Library of the Society of Antiquaries,
London. The chronograms are less numerous than usuat only
twenty-diree. Here are a few of the characteristic ones, extracted
from among the inscriptions and poetry in the Latin and Flemish
(or Dutch) languages —

CanIte tUbIs benesonantIbUs hoC granDe JUbILeUM, = 1775
bLaest Met bLYtsChap UYt hex DUYzent-JaerIg JUbIL4.s= 1775
PRfisULI sUo DeVota JUbILat MeChLInIa, = 1775

. . . qUaLIs CanDor In ore \

perManet I ET VIres aUgentUr et aCrIor Ipsa est. > = 1775

(Ex Ovid.) )
At page 31 we find the last chronogram printed thus in prominent
type ; flie date letters are ornamented —

sanCto rIFMoIiDo apostoIio

PATRONOqIFe sIFo OBTlFIlERXf NT

PRiENOfiJIlJs ET PrIFDeNS SENAtU S

ET POpIFLUs MeChIiInIeNsI

XFt gIiorJfJCetIFr DeXFs Jn

sanCto sXFo MartYre.

I-
I-

I-

»77S

177s

43a WILLIAM IV. OF HOLLAND— INSTALLATION.

The latest instance I have met with of the use of chronograms in
a public festival is in 1825, in a book bearing this tiUe, *Prael-treyn
pl^tigheden, vreugde-feesten en vercieringen van het vyftig-jaerig
Jubil^ den martelie van den Heyligen Rumoldus,' etc., ue. a jubUee
festival held at Mechlin in honour of the patron saint of that city in
1825. The history of St Rumold is given in the Dutch language,
with a description of the festival There are only these four chrono-
grams. The first relates to misfortunes of war in 882, and again
on 2d October 1572, when the city was besieged and taken by the
Spanish army and cruelly plundered —

MeChLen zaL ten eeWIghten daghen )

DEN tWeeden daCh oCtobrIs beCLagen, j ^572

i.e. Mechlin shall in all coming time bewail the second day of October.
(The city was again plundered on 9th April 1580.)

eCCe rUMoLDUs eXULtaT. = 1825

FESTlVIs aDMIXtUs CceLICoLIs. = 1825

senatUs popULUsqUe rUMoLDo ConseCrant. = 1825

^i»«4m|h|i««««4h|i«*

WILLIAM IV. was the last Stadtholder of Holland; he succeeded
to that dignity in 1751, and the event was celebrated by
ceremony and pageant A book bears this title, * Inhuldigeng van —
Willem Karel Hendrik Friso, prins van Oranje,' etc. (The installation
of the Prince of Orange as governor, celebrated at Flushing on 5th
June 1 75 1.) Amsterdam, 1753. Folio. The book is in the library
of the Society of Antiquaries, London. It is in the Dutch language,
with many engravings. There are only these chronograms; the
letters d are not counted in the first and second —
aVrIaCVs prInCeps, hIspanI fraVde tyrannI «v. I — , ,.

oCCVMbIt, VInCI non aLIter potVIt. w.j-- 1590

oCh den boVrgonsChen beVL Van de tyran Van spanIgbn, 1 _ «

HEEFT eLLeNDICh VerMoORT DEN PRInCe VaN ORAIgNEN. ) ^^^

gratVs aDes, prInCeps, tIbI prospera tota preCatVr 1 _
Vrbs nostra eX anIMo; VIVe, faVeqVe, frIsoI J "" ^'^^

WEES^ weLkoM, Vorst; Vw bVrgerII, \

wensCht^ V Van harten zegen; f

Leef, frIso, en toon V Daar bII r 75'

ONS VWrIg toegenegen I )

1 hen follows the installation of the prince as Margrave of Vier,
on ist June 1751, with only these chronograms —
Wat* heILzon rIIst ons op I WII* zIen Vorst frIso\

naDeren; f

EN Vere erLangt hII aLs het erfDeeL Van zIInj '^

VaDeren. /

^ These letters w do not count ' These letters w count as w = la

WILLIAM IV. OF HOLLAND—INSTALLATION. 433

This was inscribed on an* arch decorated with green foliage erected
at the Sandsdyke gate of Vere —

rII In, DoorLVgtIg Vorst I De VeersChe bVrgerII )

VerheVgt, ontsLVIt Dees poort heVr' prInse, en't hert >= 1751
hIer bIL )

And these were over another similar arch —
nV zIen WII frIso, aLs Den zeVenDe' onzer heren, ) _
Van't nassaVs heLDenhVIs, In VoLLen Vre^ regeren. j '^

InDIen het zeVentaL VoLMaakt en heILIg zII, ) _

zo Wagt* hIer VIt het heIL Voor Vorst en bVrgerII. j '^

This was at the Stadthouse —
prIns frIso, IngehaaLt tot Markgraaf Van ter Veer, |
zWeert* VeersChe raaDt, en't VoLk getroVWheIt* aan >= 175 1
zIIn' heer. I

' These letters w count as vv = 10.

SOME REMARKABLE BOOKS.

iMAZEMENT should and probably would possess the
reader, when for the first time he might have the
advantage of inspecting the books, the extracts from
which will occupy many of the remaining pages of this
volume. My feeling was of that nature, when either
through the help of friends or by independent research and discovery,
I became acquainted with the books and their contents, even after
considerable experience among the peculiarities of chronogrammatic
literature, when curiosity, and perhaps interest also in the subject,
had become a little weary by prolonged attention to it Want of
space for the multitude of chronograms thus acquired compelled me
to shorten the transcripts as well as to abandon translations, and
merely to direct my readers where to find some thousands more
which I have not space enough here to put into print The books
themselves are described as we proceed, some of them are of a
devotional or religious character and others might have been put
into one or other of the historical groups in foregoing pages ; the
difficulty of making any precise arrangement of such a diversity of
material as this volume contains has been sufficiently embarrassing,^
and I found it best to remand this most interesting assemblage to
the separate place of distinction here assigned to it

AVERY rare little book (British Museum, press-mark 11409. aa.),
a chroDOgraphic imitation of Thomas i Kempis's Imitation of
cnnst, written by Antonio Vanden Stock, a Jesuit, and published at

DE SPIRITALI IMJTATIONE CHRISTL 435

Ruermonde in Belgium in 1658. Each line throughout the book,
from the title-page down to page 87, with the exception of the prefece,
is a succession of chronograms giving the date 1658. The preface
tells us that the author desires by this curious method to impart to
his readers much moral instruction, and he proceeds to do so in Latin
verse commencing at page 15, dividing his subject into 25 chapters
of many stanzas each. The number of chronograms is about 1525 ;
the following excerpts will serve to show the character of this singular
work, without unduly increasing the bulk of my volume.

It is remarked of this book in < Bibliothbque des dcrivains de la
Compagnie de J&us/by A. de Backer, ed. 1869, vol. iii. column 591,
* Que de patience et d'intelligence il a fallu pour produire ces nt^x
difficiks!'

The frontispiece (of which a facsimile is on the following page)
contains this chronogram —
ChrIsto aDh.£rens NGN aMbVLat In tenebrIs. = 1658

The title-page (of which a facsimile is also given) is as follows ; it
bears no date in figures —

De spIrItaLI IMItatIone ChrIstI. = 1658

aDMonItIones saCr£ et VtILes. = 1658

Plls In LVCeM DATiE. = 1658

a R. P. Antonio Vanden Stock societatis lesu. Rurae-
mundae, Apud Gasparem du Pree.

Then follows this dedication of the work to Jesus Christ, some-
what fancifully printed —

DILeCtO, et PRfiPOTENTi regVM regI.

orbIs DoMIno CiELIgVE.

Verbo patrIs CgLenDIssIMo.

Deo Verg hoMInI sanCto et gLgrIoso.

saLVatorI et reDeMptorI ChrIsto

IesV per oMnIa DILeCto:

regI DVLCIssIMo.

MIserICgrDI et beneVgLo.

DVCtgrI aMabILI.

Verb sanCto et aDMIrabILI.

sVIs aD C^Los Iter MgnstrantI.

MILItes aD se VoCantI.

aD seqVeLaM InCItantI.

CiELVM lis sponDentI.

Cui servire, regnare :
Cui adhaerere setemum vivere :
Quern sequi, non errare
Quern amare deliciosum :
Quern imitari, gloriosum :
Cui placere necessarium.

each line
\= 1658

DE SPIRITALI IMITATIONE CHRIST!.

De spIrItaLI IMItatIone ChrIstI.

saCras et VtILes has aDMonItIones,

IesV aD gLorIaM sCrIptas :

pIIs In LVCeM Datas,

IesV DICatas et obLatas DesIDerat.

Jesu Societatis Filius indignissimus.

ANTONIVS VANDEN STOCK.

The next three pages contain the following verses —
hortatIo aD seqVeLaM ChrIstI.

aD seqVeLaM, ChrIstIanI,

DVLCIs regIs: Mente sanI,

LiETl, sanCtI, non MVnDanI,

LIMItato CorDe VanI.
InDIt LVCeM tenebrosIs,

DVLCIs Is est non MorosIs,

qVI DeCenter MILItare

ChrIsto DILIgVnt: aMare
DIsCent IstI, aMbVLare,

MagIs VIas DeCLInare

MaLeDICtas VIatorI,

MALk VIsAs ConDItorL

[Here the first four lines are repeated]
ChrIstVs oMnes DILIgentes

DVCIt, reDDIt et LIbentes.

CVrrant oMnes DILIgentI

peDe, fIrMo, VI pLaCentI.
DVLCIs erIt Mors et pIa,

nI DeCLInet Mens a VIA:

nI seqVarIs MaLeDICtos

DeLInqVentI et aDDICtos.
ConDIt LegeM VerItatIs,,

DoCet VIaM LenItatIs,

CiEDlt LegeM VanItatIs

DVLCIs aMor pIetatIs.
LenIs aMor sIt DVCtorIs,

LenIs MVnDI CreatorIs;

LeVIs aMor ConDItorIs,

LeVIs sanCtI reDeMptorIs.

[Here the first four lines are again repeated.]
ISTO DVCe MILItantes,

ChrIstI LaVDIs et aMantes,

sInt In DVCeM hI fLagrantes

nVnC In DoMIno LItantes.
eo DVCe MILItatIs,

sl DIreCt^ aMbVLatIs,

sl DeLICtVM horreatIs,

sl DoLoreM sVsCItatIs.

437

each line
= 1658

1 each line
/= 1658

438

DE SPIRITALI IMITATIONE CHRISTI.

f ea(

oMnes VanI, DeLICatI,
aD seqVeLaM InCItatI,
sVnt DILeCtI, et aMatI
CoeLo DIgnI, hVMo natI.
[Here the first four lines are again repeated, and the * hortatio'
comes to an end]

The preface before alluded to here foUows, and after it the first
chapter of the work begins. Here it is in full —
De spIrItaLI IMItatIone ChrIstI. =

aDMonItIones SACRiE ET VtILes. =

Capvt. I.
De imitatione Christi, et contemptu omnium Vanitatum mundl

§!•

ChrIsto adherens non aMbVLat In tenebrIs. \

ChrIstI Mores attenDe, et seqVI Labora,

ET iNTERNk SENTIeS LVMeN CorDIs.

freqVenter MeDItare ChrIstI Labores :

§2.
IesV DoCtrInA LoNGE oMnES PRiSlT;

In ea DVLCIora MannA reperIes.
Verba DoMInI pLen^ CapIes,

si lis stVDeas te pLan^ ConforMare.
neC proDest aLta De trInItate DIspVtare;

sl non es hVMILIs CorDe,
MagIs Ita DIspLICebIs trInItatI.
aLta sapIentIs Verba, sanCtItateM non aDferent

VIta pIa, reDDet nob DILeCtos.

qVID est bIbLIaM Capere,

ET phILosophorVM DICta retInere,
absqVe flagranti DeI aMorb aC gratIa?
oMnIa VanItas, sI Deo non pLaCes.
Vera sapIentIa est, aD CoeLestIa Dona tenDere,

Vana oMnIa nbgLIgere et DespICere.

§3-
VanItas aMare DeLICIas:
VanItas teMporaLIa ADEb seCtarI :
VanItas se attoLLere, et non soLIDa aMbIrsj
VanItas CarnaLIa arDenter DesIDerare;
VanItas LongIore teMpore hIC Degere,
ET De- bonItate soLICItVM non esse :
VanItas prssentIa soLa hIC Magnopere attenDere,
ET a Morte seqVentIa negLIgenter ConsIDerare.

§4.
sapIentIs DICtVM Lege:
satIetateM non DabIs oCVLIs,
ET DICto non IMpLebIs aVres.

each line
1658

1658
1658

I each line
/ = 1658

DE SPIRITALI IMITATIONE CHRIST/, 439

1658

stVDe Cor ab aMore sensIbILI abstrahere,
ET aD pIa et CaLestIa te statIM Vertere.
sensVaLItateM seCtantes orbant se DeI gratIA. I , ,.

Ym hoMInI DeLICato ! ^ ^^" "°^

Wm DeLICIas aMantI !
ViE teMporaLIa non DEBlxfe seCtantI I
ViE speM In terrenIs, non Deo LoCantI !

The twenty-fifth chapter terminates at page 83, and is followed by
four pages of verse bearing this title —

PARfiNEsIs aD ChrIstI seqVeLaM. = 1658

Then follows an index of the titles to all the chapters, and this
final chronogram —

oMnIs ChrIsto DetVr gLorIa. = 1658

The last page contains the Episcopal approbation of the book,
declaring that it is not contrary to right faith and good morals, and
giving permission to print it.

A BOOK, small 8% of 879 pages. Title-page, ' Sancta familia, seu
chronicum 1690 anagrammatum, super ly {sic) Salvator,
Genitrix, Josephus, vel Joseph. Concinnb fabricatum, et in
tres libros divisum genita in terris hujus Triadis, Turcarum Victricis,
etc. etc. Authore R. P. F. Andrea de Solre. S. ordinis F. F. Prae-
dicatorum conventiis Bruxellensis Filio. Antverpise, 1686.' On the
back of the title-page is an engraving of this Trinity, viz., Jesus,
Joseph, and Maria. (Jesus represented as a child led by his parents.)
The book commences with a series of anagrams and threefold acrostics,
preface, etc. The substance of the book is in Latin hexameter and
pentameter verse, in sections of ten or twelve lines, on tiie subject of
this Trinity or ' Triad,' each headed by the names, and an anagram
on them, with a numerical sentence resembling a chronogram com-
posed on a quotation from the Bible, and indicating the number of
each section in regular order from No. i down to No. 1690 ; so that
there are as many separate and different anagrams on the words
' Salvator, Genitrix, Joseph,' and the same number of chronograms.^
The following extracts will suffice to illustrate the particular features

* I use thi» word here for convenience, not implying that a nnmerical line is strictly 1
chronogram.

440 SANCTA FAMILIA.

of this singular volume, viz., the Program, the Anagram,^ and the

Chronogram* —

No. I. Salvator, Genitrix, Joseph =0 ! triplex gratia nos vise.

In tx sperabo. Psalm boi 14. si

No. 6. Salvator, Genitrix, Josephus=Pios lux vegetans iis rorat

ERG qVasI rob. Hosea xiv. 5. =6

No. 30. Salvator, Genitrix, JosephussNos pax terris, ast levi jugo.

paX, paX, et NGN ERAT paX. Jeremiah vL 14. =30

No. 34. Salvator, Genitrix, Josephus=Hi ergo portus salutis in axe.

qVIa egg VI Vg, et Vgs VIVetIs. John xiv. 19. =34

Na 100. Salvator, Genitrix, Josephus^Laus personis ita exuigito 1

REGNA terr/e Cantatb. Psalm IxviL 4. =: 100

No. 149. Genitrix, Salvator, Josephus=In isto pavore, gratis lux est.

ngLIte InebrIarI VIng, In qVo est LVXVrIa. Ephes.v. 18. ) _

AT erIt Iste paX Micah v. 5. J" . 49

No. 250. Salvator, Genitrix, Josephus=Just& lege pro anxiis ortus.

CoNTERET sCeLestgs. Psalm xiv. ^ s= 250

No. 408. Salvator, Genitrix, Josephus= Ortus, ex privilegio astans.

eCCe VIrgg CgnCIpIet. Isaiah viL 14. s= 408

I omit the anagrams from the remaining extracts.
No. 432. LVCerna Corporis tVI est gCVLVs tWs. Matthew

vL 22. s= 432

No. 689. VgX tVa DVLCIs. Cantic. ii. 14. ) _ ^g

sIgn qVasI ager arabItVr. Jeremiah xxvL 18. j ^

No. 698. Db qVa saLVte eXqVIsIerVnt, atqVe sCrVtatI sVnt

PRGPHETifi. =s 698

No. 1004. sInb InterMIssIgne grate, i Thess. v. 17. ss 1004

No. 1013. NGN EST paX IMpIIs. Isaiah Ivii. 21. s 1013

No. 1047. VIr IraCVnDVs prgVgCat rIXas. Prov. xv. 18. )

qVIa CaptVs est In peCCatIs ngstrIs. j ^^^'

No. 1290. qVIppe CgrrVptI sVnt, et abgMInabILes. |

Psalm liii. > s= 1290

faCtI sVnt In InIqVItatIbVs. )

Na 132 1. regnabVntIn seCVLa seCVLgrVM. ApocxxiLs. = 1321

No. 1558. InIqVItates Meas DeLe. Psalm IL 9. =s 1558

No. 1690. ItaqVe aD IpsaM CVrrIt IVstVs et eXaLta- ) .

bItVr. Proverbs xviii 10. j "" ' ^

From Nos. 1677 to 1690, there is a series of acrostics, triplex,
quadruplex, and quintuplex, some of them being also anagrams and
other ingenious conceits. At page 872 is a poem, headed ' Plausus'
Predicatorum,' in 100 hexameter lines, every word commencing with
the letter p, with this chronogram leading on from the hundredth
line, giving the date of the year on the title-page —

^ The anagrams are sometimes slightly imperfect; the letter H must be dropped, not-
withstanding the obloqny that nsnaUy follows such a lapse.

' I use this word here for convenience, not implyug that a numerical line is strictly a
chronogram. * See note, page 416, ante.

DECAS MARIANA.

441

InqVIens: IVstVs aVteM qVasI Leo ConfIDens absqVe
TERRORS erIt. Provcrbs xxviii. i.

At page 876 is an arrangement of letters in a square, with the
letter V in the centre, from which point may be read, in four directions,
this sentence—* Vivat is sol ros et pax regni,' the words
being (a slightly imperfect) anagram on the * Triad,' 'Salvator
genitrix Josephus/ There is not space enough here to follow
and describe all Uie quaint conceits in this volume ; the author truly
undertook and surmounted extreme difficulties. The volume from
which I have quoted belongs to my friend the Rev. Walter Begley ;
it is of considerable rarity, and I believe that there is no copy of it in
the British Musetmi.

= 1686

A BOOK, of small quarto size, and I believe a rare one, consisting
of 2S leaves, title-page, an engraved frontispiece, and ten
engravings of Madonnas, with chronograms and anagrams throughout
The title is, ' Decas Mariana Marianorum anagrammatum e Marianis
programmatis, utpote Marianis hymnis, textibusque Marianis metric^
elaboratum. Cum Licentia superiorum. Vetero-Pragae, 1673.'

On the back of the title-page is the dedication to the Emperor

Leopold I., * Arduo labore, et raro artificio contexta Duplex Cabala

chronologica. Ad Martias in Domum Austriacam hoc anno conci-

tatus tempestates alludens :' followed by this chronogram and cabala —

NE nVta ; faLIX rIte, 6 LeopoLDe trIVMpha I =

pr^LIa pro DIVIs, beLLaqVe fVsa MoVes. =

1673
1673

Proba primae Cabalse. Summa.

its=4o'N = 40

F = 6

R = 80

0 = SO

L = ao

T =100

K= 5

u =300

A = I

I = 9

E = s

R = 80

34»

T =100

E = S

T =100

0 = so

I = 9

341

A s I

L = ao

E = S

p = 60

u =200

194

I = 9

0 = 50

M= 30

X =300

L = 30
D = 4
E = S

P = 60
H = 8
A = I

ai4

488

45 341

341

194

214

488

1673

442

DECAS MARIANA.

Pioba secundse Cabalae.

Summa.

p a 60

= 60

D = 4

B = 2

- 6

= 30

176

R a: 80

= 80

1 = 9

E = S

SS300

= SO

190

A = I

= SO

V =200

L = 30

= 90

=300

312

E = 5

I = 9

L s= 30

= I

= S

323

L =: 30

s = 90

A =s I

= 90

297

I = 9

Q = 70

375

A = I

u =200

B = S

176

190

312

323

297

375 i

1673

Key to the Cabala.

ABC D*E FGHIKLM NOPQRS T UV X

I 33 4 56 7 ^ 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300

It will be seen that each of the above chronogram lines, by using
only the Roman numeral letters, makes the date of the book, viz.,
1673 ; and that the same lines, by using every letter according to the
above ' Cabala' explained by its key, also msJce the same date, 1673.
* Cabala' may be taken to mean a combmation of letters, words,
and nimibers, having a special or hidden significance. The key pre-
sents the usual arrangement of the letters of the alphabet, and their
equivalent figures, each in their natural sequence; the method of
composing a chronogram is tolerably simple, but a great difficulty
has to be encountered in constructing a sentence combining both the
features, cabala and chronogram, which shall represent one and the
same date by the same words, and in addition satisfy all the strict
rules of Latin hexameter and pentameter verse ; and yet sudi com-
positions abound in the book now under notice, and they consist in
most instances of many more lines than the foregoing couplet Indeed
the author remarks in a subsequent page ^in Latin), * such a thing
was never done before.* Now, to proceed with the book —

The next page is the engraved fix>ntispiece, exhibiting a laurel tree
bearing ten oval-shaped pendants, containing miniature representa-
tions of the engravings of Madonnas before alluded to, disposed about
the upper branches, and about the lower branches are sixteen heart-
shaped pendants, bearing henddic devices and initial letters of names
of the ' Seniors.' At the base of the tree is a shield supported by a
woman seated, and a lion couchant crowned. On a ribbon along the
top of the tree is this hexameter chronogram —
DIVa Vna In MVLtIs grato speCtatVr honore.
Beneath the branches on another ribbon —
kX Ista VerA STAT DepenDentIa DVLCIs.
And beneath the whole design —
DeXtra Corona VIge senIorVM, fLors perennI,
E DIVa, InstaVret penDVLa CorDa VIoor.

= 1673

DECAS MARIANA.

443

V each line
/= 1673

The next page contains this ' Metrica aggratulatio ' addressed to
Leopold I. * Cujus singula metra chronologum exhibent' (Hexa-
meter and pentameter lines) —

GAVDIa LffiTA FOVeT PRAGA, aVgVstIssIMe CiESAR ; \

eX te Intensa CapIt LVMIna; phcebVs aDes.

PHCEBE Diy LVCe PRAGA, aVgVstIssIMe PHOEBE ;

fVMea DIspeLLIs nVbILa? phcebVs oVa.
nVbILa DIspeLLe, eXofto, MaVortIa phcebb;

regnIs CeDe tVIs LVMIna; phcebVs oVa.
boIeMIs LeopoLDe tVIs reX fLoree Vbrna,

boIeMIsqVe pLagIs reX LeopoLDe faVe
hostILes fInes DsXtRO ConfVnDe graDIVo :

InspeCtent, DeXtra fVLMIna Inesse tVa
VICtorI sVbstrata tVo stet paLMa graDIVo;

PRoMPTk aDsIt CapItI LaVrea teXta tVo.
IMperIo LeopoLDe tVo paX LaVrea spIret^

IMperIo spIret LVX LeopoLDe tVa.
aVstrIe sponse thoro feLIX LeopoLDe trIVMpha,

h«reDetqVe pII MasCVLVs aVsa patrIs I
prIMe tVIs regnIs faVstVs LeopoLDe refVLge I

fILIVs i prIMo patre seCVnDVs oVet !

Then follows an address to the magnates of Prague, in a page of
hexameter and pentameter verses, followed by another page of
chronogram lines, thirteen in number, making the year 1673. The
first line is this —
DoMInIs senIorIbVs reIpVbLICe In Vrbe neo-pragensL = 1673

Then an address to other persons of importance at Prague, com-
mencing with this chronogram —

DIVa Vna In MVLtIs grato speCtatVr honore; = 1673

Vos MVLtos speCtat sospIta DIVa sInV, = 1673

and then proceeding to explain the subject of the book, and parti-
cularly the emblematical frontispiece. Dated from the CoU^e of
Prague, % Feb. 1673. {Signei) P. Laurentius Baptista S.

Then follows a hynon in twenty-eight lines in short metre, used in
the Vespers to the Virgin, and here called the 'progrkmma,' from
which are worked out the three ^Marian' anagrams which follow
(' quod antehac nimquam factum ') ; they are very curious, but some-
what beyond the puipose of this collection. The first anagram con-
sists of twenty chronogram lines, each making 1673, ^^ twelve more
lines headed by this chronogram —
sVaVIs, et DeCora VtI IerVsaLeM. Cantic vL 4. = 1673

The accompanying engraving of a Madonna is inscribed—
DIV2E sVper nos DepLVnt beneDICtIo sVperna. = 1673

The second anagram in twelve verses addressed to the Virgin, is
headed by this chronogram —
PER qVaM saLVs Ipsa CreDsntIbVs apparVIt. = 1673

444 DECAS MARIANA.

And an engraving of the Madonna, inscribed, * Effigies SS. Dei
Matris Pilsns ^ ad S. Bartholomseum e saxo mire formata, et miraculo
facta.' * Ad Divam Pilnensem * e saxo effigiatam/ with these lines —
CVM proLe IesV saXea DeI parens notarIs; = 1673

tV DIVa nobIs Cerea, MeL et faWs probarIs. = 1673

The third anagram consists of twenty-six chronogram lines,
followed by another of fourteen lines, headed by this chronogram —
InnIXa sVper DILeCtVM. Cantic. viii. 5, = 1673

with a special Cabala from which the same date, 1673, ™^y ^
evolved.

The next * programma,' No. 4, is a hymn of sixteen lines, from
which is made an anagram of twenty chronogram lines, each giving
the date 1673 3 followed by another anagram of ten Ime's, headed by
this chronogram —

qV/e est Ista asCenDens De Deserto, VtI VIrgVLa? = 1673

Cantic. iiL 6, and Cantic. viii. 5, with a special Cabala, from
which the same date, 1673, ^^7 ^^ evolved.

The next * programma,' No. 5, is a poem of six lines, followed by
the anagram thereon of twenty chronogram lines, each line makirig
the date 1673 ; then follows another poem of six lines headed by this
chronogram —

gLorIosa DICta sVnt De te, eX toto pVra DeIpara. = 1673

Psalm Ixxxvi 3, with a special Cabala as before.

The next ' programma,' Na 6, is an address to the Virgin in Latin
prose, followed by the anagram thereon, consisting of nineteen
chronogram lines, each line making the date 1673; then follows
another address, in nine verse lines, headed by this chronogram —
sVaVIs In DeLICIIs tVIs es nobIs MarIa, = 1673

with a special Cabala as before.

The next * programma,' No. 7, is an address to the Virgin of four
lines, followed by the anagram thereon, consisting of sixteen chrono-
gram lines, each line making the date 1673 > ^^^^ follows another in
tiiree verse lines, headed by this chronogram —

aVe et gaVDe VIrgo gLorIo^a sVper oMnes speCIosa, = 1673
with a special Cabala as before.

The next 'programma,' No. 8, is a prayer in four lines, com-
mencing, 'Ave Maria grati4 plena,' — ^followed by the anagram of thirty-
three chronogram lines, each line making the date 1673 ; then follows
another in five verse lines, headed by this chronogram —
DIffVsa est gratIa In LabIIs tVIs; propterea beneDICIt
TE DeVs. Psalm xliv. 3, = 1673

with a special Cabala as before. The accompanying engraving of
a Madonna is inscribed —

aMICta soLe REGlfe tV DIVa pVrpVrata es : =: 1673

CaLestIs IgneM REGliE eX aXe Da: beata es. s= 1673

^ The church of St. Bartholomew at Pilsen, in Bohemia.

DECAS MARIANA.

445

And another engraving of a Madonna, inscribed —
sVper nos a DIVa DesCenDat gratLb pLWIa.

The next 'programma,* No. 9, is the salutation *Ave Maria
gratis plena, Dominus tecum,' followed by the anagram of
twenty-one lines, each line making the date 1673, and this chronogram —
o pVra MarIa! DepreCabILIs esto sVper serVos tVos,
Psalm Ixxxix. 13.

This further anagram on the words of the salutation is added,
Una veni Arnica, grata Rosa, Templum Dei. {Jamb.). The
accompan3ring engraving of the Madonna and dead Christ is inscribed,
*SS. Mater dolorosa Vetero Pragas ad S. Jacobum.' ' In illud fasciculus
myrrhae dilectus meus.' — Cantic. i. 13 ; and with these lines —
VIrgo nItes DoLorIbVs, VenVsta fasCe Myrrheo: =

tVIs trahar s?LenDorIbVs, traharqVe IesV MeLLeo I =5

The next anagram, No. 10, is also on the words of the salutation
(see No. 9), consists of seventeen chronogram lines, each line making
the date 1673, ^^^ ^^^ chronogram —

eX toto pVra MarIa, In IaCob InhabIta, st In IsraeL
ilereDItare. Ecclesiasticus xxiv. 12. er

This further hexameter anagram on the words of the salutation is
added —

Almfe te puram, diva, aio carmine gnatus.
(Alma, id est serenb, pulchrb.) And this chronogram —
IesV, et eIVs VIrgInes parentIs MIserICorDIA pLena est
TERRA* Psalm xxxiii. 5.

= 1673

A . M . D . G.

i.€. Ad fnagni Deiglortam.

1673
1673

1673

= 1673

Among the contents of the latter part of the volume are the follow-
ing cabala verses representing the figures of the date 1673 —
Cabala duplex

sacratissimae Virginis Deiparse sine omni labe conceptas sacrata.
Casta paris (purfe en renites sine labe) Virago ; = 1673

Pulchra, illata astris, visa Virago, micas. = 1673

Proha nrimflft CahaljR. Siimma. 1

c= 3

p=:6o

p = 60

r = 80

S 8:90

ls20

V— 300

19s

ass I

a= I

U SS200

Q=40

e = s

1 = 9

a= I

1= 9

240

s= 90

r=8o

r ss 80

n S3 40

n SS40

b= 2

rss 80

345

tsslOO

1= 9

e = S

1 = 9

e = 5

e= s

as I

ass I

s=90

t =100
e = 5

S ss 90

g= 7

0=s 50

329

144

347

19s

240

345

329

144

347

1673

446

DECAS MARIANA.

Proba secundse Cabalse.

Summa.

p = 60

i = 9

a s= I

V s 200

V = 200

372

u s= 200

1 = 30

8 ss 90

I = 9

1 =

151

1 = 30

1 s 30

t — 100

s = 90

r = 80

C SB

370

c = 3

a =s I

r = 80

a =s I

a = I

a =:

300

h = 8

t ss 100

I = 9

g = 7

S s=

347

r s 80

a s= I

s = 90

0 = so

133

a = I

372

151

370

300

347

133

1673

Key to the Cabala. ' Valor litteraninL'
abcdefghiklmnopqrs t u x y z
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500

Cabala chionologica duplex. A congratulatory address to the
nobles and men of distinction at Prague, which gives first the date
1673 ^y u^S o°^y ^^ Roman numeral letters, and the same date by
using all the letters according to the above key —

ARTE orbIs faeLIX, senIorVM Dege CaterVaI =s 1673

tVM FAVsrk Es foeLIX, arte nItesCe DeI I s 1673

Pioba prinue Cabalas chronologicse. Summa.

as I

0 = so

f = 6

s = 90 1 d = 4 1

c = 3

186

r = 80

9. — I

e = s

e = 5

as I

231

t = 100

b = 3

e = S

n ss 40

g = 7

t as 100

341

e = s

1 = 9

1 = 20

1 = 9

e = 5

e = S

504

S s 90

I = 9

0 «= 50

r = 80

X s 300

r = 80
u = 200
m=s 30

V ss: 200
a s= I

390

186

231

341

504

390

1673

Proba secundse Cabalse chionologicse. Summa.

t =100

f s 6

e= 5

f = 6

a = I

n B 40

d= 4

330

u =200

a = I

8=90

0 = 50

r s 80

1 = 9

e = s

402

mss 30

U SS300

e = 5

t =100

i = 9

s = 90

1 s 20

e = S

390

t BIOO

i = 9

S ss 90

186

e = s

X =3300

c = 3
e = 5

252
18

330

402

390

186

352

1673

Clausula chronologica festivb et faust^ acclamans —
Dege Cater Va NoViB senIorVM LatIor VrbIs I
proVeCtVM VIt^b Dege senILe IVbarI

= 1673
= 1673

DECAS MARIANA.

447

The book concludes with the following fifty chronograms, and the
quaint reason for their production —

' Ne pagina hsec poneretur vacua, adjecta sunt Decades quinque
chronologorum e sacra scriptura, textibusque sacris desumptorum, pro
anno 1673.'

i.€. Rather than leave this last page vacant^ I throw in five decades cf
chronograms composed on texts from Scripture^for the year 1673.

Ad Deum et de Deo.
ConVerte nos DeVs saLVtarIs noster, et aVerte IraM a\
nobIs, ad initium completoriL

DeVs satIabor, CVM apparVerIt gLorIatVa. Psalm xvii. 15.
InCLIna aVres, et eXaVDI Me. Psalm Ixxzvi. i.
eXaLtare qVI IVDICas terraM. Psalm xciv. 2.
In astrIs eXCeLsVs DoMInVs. Psalm cxxxviiL 6.
VIDIt, CVM trIbVLarentVr. Psalm cvL 44.
VInCVLa eorVM DIsrVpIt. Psahn cviL 14.
eXVLtaVIt Cor In DoMIno. i Kings (i Samuel) ii. i.
In IeIVnIIs hVMILIate CapIta Vestra Deo. Ecclesiastes.
qVonIaM tV VoLens beneDICes IVsto. Psalm.
IVDICIa tVa abyssVs MVLta. Psalm xxxvi. 6.
MeVs est totVs orbIs terr®, aC pLenItVDo eFVs.
Psalm 1. 12.

DeVs ne obLIVIsCarIs paVperVM. Psalm x. 12.
benefaC DoMIne bonIs; paX V£r6 sVper IsraeL. Psalm
cxxv. 4, 5.

Ad Deum de hostibus DomAs Austiiacae.
hostes VeLVtI fVMVs DefICIent. Psalm xxxviL 20.
DeVs ! tanqVaM Vas fIgVLI ConfrInges eos. Psalm ii. 9.

Ad Jesum, et de Jesu.
IesV tV es gLorIa nostra, tV es sVsCeptor noster
DoMIne. Psalm iii.

In terra fortItVDo, atqVe LaVs Mea ChrIstVs. Psalm
cxviii. 14.

pik IesV eX te, qVanDo ConsoLaberIs Me ? Psalm cxix. 82.
eX te Ipso, ChrIste, sVper nIVeM DeaLbabor. Psalm Ii. 7.
eX angVsto statVIstI LoCo spatIoso peDes Meos. Psalm
xxxi. 8.

parthenIe IesV, seDes tVa In s^CVLVM. Psalm xlv. 6.
Large MeDItabor In IVstIfICatIonIbVs tVIs. Psalm
cxix. 117.

o saLVator pIe IesV I tV es saCerDos In ^ternVM.
Psalm ex. 4.

IesVs eXaLtat te, Vt ilsreDItate CapIas terraM.
Psalm.

IVstI In terrIs repLetI sVnt MIserICorDIa tVa. Psalmi
Ixxxix. 13, /

each line
= 1673

448

DECAS MARIANA.

ChrIstVs pro nobIs est pIa obLatIo, et hostIa In\

oDoreM sVaVItatIs. Ephes. v. 2.

IesVs non DereLInqVet sanCtos sVos In ^ternVM.

Psalm xxzvii. 28.

pIe IesV LVnaM et steLLas tV fVnDAstL Psalm viiL 3.

posthaC pIb eXVLtabo In Deo IesV Meo. Habakkuk iiL 18.

In terra ChrIste aDIWa a Me, et saLWs ero. Psalm.

eXIn LaVDent noMen eIVs In Choro. Psalm cxlix. 3.

Ad S.S. Dei matrem et de ea.
DeIpara eDVCes De trIbVLatIonb nos.^ Psalm cxliiL 11.
Lfixfe, ET pife eXVLto In Deo saLVtarI Meo. Luke i. 47.
VIrgo DeIpara ! sICVtI L^tantIVM habItatIo est In te.
Psahn IxxxvL
o DIVa ! sVb arbore MaLo sVsCItaVI te. Cantic ^ii. 5.

PARTHENliB PARENTI pIe INTONATE: BENEDICtA TV In

MVLIerIbVs. Luke L 28.

nItet MarIa qVasI CeDrVs eXaLtata. Ecclesiasticus

xxiv. 13.

e ChrIstIpara totI MVnDo LVX est orta. EccL in adventu.

MarIa parthenIa VoX DVLCIs. Cantic. ii. 14.

pik ET IVsTk InVoCa Me In DIe trIbVLatIonIs. Psalm.

VIrgInea parens, o pIa MarIaI a nobIs Vt qVID

reCessIstI Longe? Psalm x. i.

CLaMaVI aD te o VenVsta VIrco et pIa parens!

Psalm Ixxxvi. 3.

VenI De LIbano, VenI parthenIa sponsa Mea, VenI Jn

astrIs CoronaberIs. Cantic iv. 8.

Varia.
eratIs tenebra, nVnC LVX In DoMIno. Ephes. v. 8.
DVM IeI VnatIs, noLIte fIerI VtI hypoCrIta Matth.
vi. 16.

LIbenter, et pIe CogItaVI DIes antIqVos et annos
^TERNOS In Mente habVI. Psalm Ixxvi. 5.
eLoqVIVM CVstoDIVI. Psalm cxix. 67.
nobIs aVXILIVM De sanCto. Psalm. .

VbI neqVe /ErVgo, neC tInea DeMoLItVr. Matth. vL iQ.y

A . M . D . G . & B . V . M . H .

[i>. Ad niajorem Deigloriam &* Beata Virginis Maria honorem,'\

And so endeth this astonishing booL It contains altogether 306
chronograms of the year 1673, including the foregoing selection. Few
people in die present day would take the trouble to verify the quota-
tionsi to prove the dates, or to puzzle out and compare the anagrams

each line
1673

* This chronogram makes 1663 only ; it is so m the original, and probably is a slip of the
author.

ZUCKWOLFIUS, BIBLE HISTORY. 449

and the cabalistic dates which are evolved from them ; but all readers
of the book must recognise the patience and ingenuity of its composer,
and the difficulties he had to overcome in accomplishing the task he
had undertaken; and that without adding blame for wasting his
time. The copy of the book which I have used belongs to the
Rev. Walter Begley, who kindly lends it to me, and it seems that
there is no copy of it in the British Museum.

A VERY remarkable book, ' Chronographiae sacrse utriusque testa-
jf\ menti historias continentis Libri v. Auctore M. Jacobo
Ziickwolfio Hailbrunnensis Ecclesiae ministro poeta coronato, etc etc.
Francofurti M.D.via' [/.ft IS94-1 (British Museum, press-mark
3149. h.) Also in the Bodleian Library.

The book is chronographic throughout ; it consists of a series of
references to passages selected from the Bible, pointing to the history
there narrated, each being accompanied by a chroQographic explana-
tion giving the date. The book contains 167 pages, with occasional
woodcuts. The first nine pages are occupied with preface and verses
addressed to the author; the subject commences at page 10, of which
the accompanying illustration is a facsimile ; it is a fair example of
the character of the woodcuts and print, both somewhat rough. There
is a defect in the head of the figure; at first I supposed that it was
accidental in the British Museum copy, but finding it also in the
Bodleian Library copy, I conclude that the original wood block was
defaced to that extent by accident or by intention. There are 1081
chronograms, mostly in hexameter and pentameter verse, an astonish-
ing instance of ingenuity and patience. It will suffice if only a few
extracts are given, to show the method of the book. This is the first
in the series ; the dates reckon the years before the deluge —

Rerum omnium creatio. Gren. L
CVnCta DeVs qVa sVnt Verbo DICente CreaVIt.

E CasV, patVLo, VIVIt, In orbe nIhIL. = 1657

Homo ad Dei imaginem creatus. Gen. i.
VIr prIor et VIrgo sVnt regIs IMago CreamtIs,

DVX VIta Veras fert bonVs aVthor opes. = 1657

Cain primus ex muliere natus. Gren. iv.
eX gravida CaIn Matre est prIor ortVs In aVras,

JL IoVa eXVrget Vera propago toro. = 1655

i6jr^

to
ADAMVS SEV CRRO-

NOGKAPHliE

Liber I.

/'^iiCuDftysqViesVmVcirbcBtCeiitcCtcaYIti
^ ^Ga5V,patYLo,VIVJ[tIoorbcnIhIL.

VIr ndor &VXrgo sYncreg^c IMago Croatls,
O VX yiMe VenttictlbonVsaVthorqpes.

%jimmMbmmmiar^* Goto*
Qrnax ADae VIVb corpVs ^IraMlne loVa,
.^BjchereopVrVs^IcItVsaXc Venli.

SJhMYLa iltenltcnt (eX loYa operante'DIebTs*
^toLVZaVdiotlfepiIMafcflasVo,

tMkf^trit/^ Gm,p
YoCe&rl£^yoCe«reCr«tt DcYs IpHssYblioito^
CVIYQXVcja,pII»frV3^,UlcDoCbt.

FaaimiU taken, fy permission, from the book, ' Chronograpkia sacra*
in the Bodleian Library.

ZUCKWOLFIUS, BIBLE HISTORY. 45'

Abel natus. Gen. iv.
natVs abeL VanI rIsVs fIt VanI orbIs
In MVnDo Vt reprobIs, fabVLa IVstVs erIt. = 1654

Abel protomartyr. Gen. iv.
IVstVs at InfeLIX abeL apto rVre neCatVr,
IMpIa pLebs, ChrIstI tVrba CrVenta Choro. = iS97

[Here the dates begin to reckon from the creation of the world]
Diluvio pereunt omnia. Gen. viL
eLWIo perIt oMne genVs, qVoD VIXIt In orbe,

PCENA VoLans praVos terrItat orta VIros. = 1657

Abraham nascitur. Gen. xi.
nasCItVr abraMVs xVRBiE Vt CreDentIs orIgo
ConserVaret tVos CVra IehoVa tVa est. = i949

Isaacus oblatus. Gen. xxiL
ABRA Deo paret CreDens: offertVr et IsaC,

SANA fIDeS CLaRET SiEPE PROBATA CrVCe. = 2o62

Moses moritur. DeuL xxxiv.
Verba DeI repetens Moses aD fVnera raptVs
Vis Contra PARCiE VInCVLa nVLLa Vaga. = 2493

David secundus rex eligitur. i Sam. xvi.
IsaIDes DaVID DIVa reX VoCe CreatVr,
ConVeXa VIVIs reX pIVs itDE VenIt. « 2883

Maria mater Jesu Christi nata.
nasCItVr In MVnDVM genItrIX genItorIs InIqWM,
et fata et CaVsas nesCIt InIqVa Cohors. «= 39^5

Joannes natus. Luc. i.
nasCItVr e sterILI proMIssVs Matre Ioannes,
en parent Magno CVnCta Creata Deo. = 397^

Christus homo natus. Luc. xl
nasCItVr In bethLeM MagnI fabricator oLyMpI,
In ChrIsto nobIs proDIIt orta saLVs. = 397^

Crucifixio Christi. Matth. xxvii.
sVb LIgnIs ChrIstVs LIgnI MaLa DebIta soLVIt,
saLWs hoMo eX ChrIstI Morte, beatVs oVat. = 4004

Paulus venit Romam. Act xxviii.
qVI VIXIt RoMiE greX obVIVs agMIne paVLo,

Mente DeI CVnCtos greX IWat eCCe pIos. = \o2%

Here the book concludes with the word

* FINIS.'

4S2 ZODIAC OF THE CHURCH.

'npHE Zodiac of illustrious Stars of the Church. A rare book bears
X a long title in large and varied print, occupying two pages,
and commencing thus, *Zodiacus illustrium ecclesiae siderum seu
Virtutes infulatse clarissimorum duodecim orbis Christian! Antistitum,
etc' (A congratulation to John Frideric de Waldstein, the Prince-
archbishop of Prague, on his accession to the dignity, by the Society
of the Jesuits at the Clementine College of Prague in 1676.) Anno
salutis M.DCLXXVI. Folio.^

The first feature in the book which attracts attention is the great
variety and beauty of the printing, and next the subject and the
method thereo£ It is a laudation of twelve Bishops and Fathers of
the Church, arranged under the twelve signs of the 2^iac, composed
in the form of Odes, Epigrams, Anagrams, Logogiyphs, Chronograms,
and Cabala; besides other quaint and surprising conceits, all in Latin.
Each of the laudations is made the vehicle of a particular laudation of
the Archbishop of Prague, representing him as the centre of all the
mitred virtues (^ Virtutes infulatse') for which the Bishops and Fathers
were so celebrated. Their names and the places assigned to them in
the Zodiac are as follows : —

1. ARIES. The heavenly Golden Fleece : Beneficence and pity
towards the poor — St John Eleemosynarius, Patriarch of Alexandria.

2. TAURUS. The heavenly Bull: Patience and endurance of
labour — St Athanasius, Bi^op of Alexandria, who is lauded by a
chronogram ode in rhyme.

3. GEMINI Charity or love — St Carlo Borromeo, Archbishop
of Milan.

4. CANCER. Humility— St Gregonr, Pope, to whom is allotted
a chronogram, printed in the supposed fashion of the devious crawling
of a crab.

5. LEO. T^sl and severity — St John Chrysostom, Patriarch of
Constantinople.

6. VIRGO. Gentleness and affability— St Martin, Bishop of Tours.

7. LIBRA. Justice and authority — St Ambrose, Bishop of
Milan, to whom is allotted a chronogram, printed in a * protean' or
many-sided fashion.

8. SCORPIO. Vigilance and activity against heredcs — St
Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers.

9. SAGITTARIUS. Religion and piety--«t Adalbert, Bishop
of league, to whom is allotted a cabala.

10. CAFRICORNUS. Steadfastness and magnanimity— St Leo,
Pope.

11. AQUARIUS. Wisdom — St Augustine, Bishop of Hippo in
Africa.

12. PISCES. Hope and faith — St Clement, martyr and Pope.
Nothing less than a transcript of the whole volume would suffice

to explain its varied contents ; there is, however, only space here for

^ I believe there iB not a copy, in the British Mnseum.

ZODIAC OF THE CHURCH.

453

the chronograms, and some even of them are too complex to be
printed exactly as they appear in the original

Na 3, above alluded to, is as follows : — ' Taiu'o cs&lesti D. Atha-
nasio Alexandrino in circensi certamine de Arii canibus victori lo
Triumphale Acrosticho-Chronosticho-Rhythmicum.
Lyra faVete prasIDes

PARNASSIa SORORESy

noVen^e aVete VIrgInes
apoLLInIsq: aMorss.

'A:

lDestte, grato pangIte

VeRSV NOVOS LA90RES,

DiGNk fIDes hIC tangIte,
phcebI patent faVores.

X aCe CLIens apoLLInIs
hIC perseI Labores
hIC sIste Vena fLVMInIs
In theseI faVores.

H
A

InC herCVLes et sCaVoLa
Vestras habetb sortes;

neC faMa terras perVoLa,
Vanos taCeto fortes.

Dest In orbe, persed
qVI fortIor prIore;

et qVI Merens pLVs theseo
phcebI CanatVr ore.

oWs seD orbe perssVs
FORS eXpetes qVIs aVDIt?

PETES qVIs orbe thesbVs
FELIX 'VbIqVe pLaVDIt?

.VgVstVs est ATHANASlVSy

VIrtVte fortIs aVDIt,
et De sInIstrIs sanIVs
FELIX VbIqVe pLaVDIt.

^I F0R8 IaCIs ConVItIa,
taCens taCebIt ILLe,
prjbterqVb Verba MItIa
nIL ore sparget ILLe.

= 1676

1676

= 1676

^ Obserre that the large initial letten of each stanza fonn the name * Athanasiiu^'

454 ZODIAC OF THE CHURCH.

.ONES LeVentVr athere,

FERT ILLe CorDe PRC

ON fontIs ILLos peLL]
eXposCIt ILLe Dono.

FERT ILLe CorDe prono, f _

NON fontIs ILLos peLLere X

nDIs DoLorIs aqVora

Sl SiEVlANT PARATA,

fortIs reportat peCtora
In DVra roborata.

^ILe ergo PHCEBE sCiEVoLAS,

sILe heCtorIs fVrores

si REGNA FAMa PERVoLaS,

sILe herCVLIs Labores.

}■
I-

1676

No. 4, above alluded to, is as follows: HumiUtatis Gregoriana
Iter retrogradum et cancrinum^ Disticho Soliamhchranosticho expressum.

These are the chronogram lines, hexameter and pentameter —
gregorIVs CastIs Vt CLareat aLtIor astrIs, ) _ , ,

hInC stabILIs CanCrI gressIbVs IMa petIt. j '

The words are printed in a square, divided into 1296 small squares,
a single letter in each. By reading from left to right, and then entirely
down any column, or partly down and then again to the right, or
downwards again at any point, the words will be found in due suc-
cession, the date letters being printed as capitals. The lines may
thus be read a great many times over, and in this fashion they may be
said to resemble the devious progress of a crab, ' Iter cancrinum.'

No. 7, above alluded to, is styled * Proteus poeticus.' It is the
following chronogram line printed in a square set comer-ways, and
divided into 207 smaller squares, each containing one word —
SPES paX LaVs fons faX LVX DVX reX optIMVs es tV. = 1676

The word spes is in the centre square, and commencing there the
line can be read to the end in four directions ; or by turning oflf at
any word so being read, and then read upwards or down, the line can
be followed to its conclusion. This can be repeated in the four
quarters of the square, making eighty-four times in aU. This is
appropriately called Protean, or many-shaped

No. 9, above alluded to, partakes so much of the nature of a
chronogram, as to be entitled to a place here. It is founded on the
hexameter and pentameter lines (printed below), every letter of which
counts in making the date, according to the value assigned to it in the
' Proba' or key to the Cabala ; the difficulty of composing such lines
is obvious. The title proceeds thus, ' Sagittarii cdelestis sagitta aurea,
acus magnetica, sive Religiosas in Deum pietatis, S. Adalberti episcopi
ignitum suspirium, metro duplici cabalistico expressum.'

ZODIAC OF THE CHURCH.

455

Dispereant coeli decora, amplus deflagret orcus ;
Si regnes, satis est, Numen, ut ante, colam.

Proba.
abcdefghiklronopqrs t u x y z
I 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 9 lo 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500

Cabalse majoris.

Cabalse minoris.

d- 4

c=3

s=90

r=8o's= 9oe= 5

n B= 4ous:20o

c=3

I = 9

0=50

e= 5'm= 3oe= 51= 80

1= 9

e=^ 5;a= is= 90

u =2oot = 100

o«5o

s= 90

e= 5

c= 3p= 6of== 6c= 3

0-501 - 20I = 20Us=20Q

r=8ou=20o;a= i;s«= 90

g= 7t«=ioot»ioo

m= 30

1 =20

p= 60

1=20

n=4oi= 9J

e = 5

a= I

a = I

""^^ o^

i= 9

e= Ss= 90^

n = 40

n= 40

m=3o

r= 80

a= I

s = 9oa= 7

s=9o

t=IOO

e= 5

r= 80

e= 5

a = I

e= 5

n= 40

t =100

394

143

401

228

423

227J 290

195

315

446

104

Summa summarum conficit a.i>. 1676.

Summa summarum coniicit a.d. 1676.

394
87

99
227

143

290

401
228
423

19s
3»S
446

104

1676

A BOOK belonging to my friend the Rev. Walter Begley, 8* size,
/\ dated by chronogram only at the foot of the title-page [Augs-
burg, 1725 ; there is no date in figures anywhere in the book]. The
subject is a series of moral essays in Latin, with engraved plates of
emblems, seventy-five in number, each one exposing some particular .

4S6 CONFUSIO DISPOSITA.

evil and displaying its corresponding good The writer has been at
great pains to introduce into every page and emblem some ingenious
play upon words ; indeed, he seems to have selected his words in
order to facilitate the use of puns to enforce his moral precepts.

As the book is of considerable rarity, I transcribe the full title-
page as follows —

* CoNFUSio DISPOSITA Rosis Rhctoricb-Poeticis firagrana Sive

quatuor Lusus satyrico Morales. Qui septuaginta quinque sententiosis

Iconibus exhibit!, in totidem Diaereses, & paraeneticas Scenas dis-

tributi, nee non festivis Germanicb-Latinis versibus ; lepidisque prsemiis

venustati :

Miram erudito Lectori delectationem :

Multam studiosae Juventuti eruditionem :
Magnam cuivis Curioso diversionem
parient.
Quorum comprehendit Lusus.
I. Filium bene imbutum.
II. Pueram male educatum.

III. Inversum hujus mundi Cursum.

IV. Fallacem Mundorum eventum.

Authore Josepho Melchiore Francisco k Glariis. Dicto Tschudi
de Greplang, &a'

*aVgVst^ VInDeLICorVM. typIs LabhartIL' = 1725

ue. At Augsburg, From the press ofLabhart,
In the preface the audior addresses the reader in these words,
adapted from the book of Revelation, x. 9 —

Accipe, si placeat, librum et devora ilium.

ue. If it please thee, take the book and eat it up.

A few chronograms occur in the book, all making 1725, the year

of its publication, though with but little bearing upon the subject of

it The dedication to the author's distinguished patrons, t)f noble

and ecclesiastical rank, serves as a preface, and is thus dated —

AVoVsTiE VInDeLICorVM In aprILL = 1725

ie. At Augsburg^ in April 1725.
A list of their names, with anagrams thereon, in words alluding
to spiritual or exalted Light, concludes with this chronogram —
sVpra CanDeLabrVM fVLgentes aVete faVete. = 1725

i>. Oye shining as above a candlestick^ fare ye weU^ befriend me.

The engraved frontispiece facing the title-page represents Confu-
sion, and Confusion set in order, in three divisions : i. The rebellion
of the angels in heaven, and their expulsion ; 2. The temptation of
Adam and Eve, and the adoration of Christ by the shepherds;
3. War and battle, and Peace and Justice embracing, with this
chronogram on the top—

IDEA ConfVsIonIs DIsposIta aDIVngItVr ILLI pagIna = 1725
i.e. The idea of Confusion set in order is adjoined to that page (sciL the
title-page).

CONFUSIO DISPOSITA. 457

A prologue 'ad lectores' has an emblematical engraving, with this
chronogram on the top—

proLogVs ConfVsIonIs DIsposIta aD bLanDos aVtorIs
faVtores. = 1725

ue. The prologue of Confusion set in order (addressed to) the authof^s
charming patrons.

And at the conclusion is this —
typIs ManData qVInto IstIVs s/eCVLI LVstro. = 1725

/>. Committed to the press in the fifth lustrum of this century.

The 'index scenarum' has this at its conclusion —
IesVs MarIa Iosepu Vana CorDa pVrgent pVrIfICent. = 1725
i,e. Mayjesus^ Mary^ and Joseph cleanse and purify vain hearts.
The title-page of the first division ^ (at page i) is thus dated —
typographo
sVb sVpreMo CapIte beneDICto XIIL = 1725

ue. The printing being under the supreme head {of the Church\ Benedict
the Thirteenth.

The second^ (at page 90) is thus dated —
typIs Inserta
aVreA RoMiE IanVA fIDeLIbVs reCLVsA. = 1725

i>. The type being set up^ the golden (or attractive) door of Rome being
thrown open to the faithful.

The third ^ (at page 143) is thus dated —

typIs LargIta
CaroLo seXto IMperatore aVgVsto nobIs prasIDente. = 1725
ue. The type bountifully bestowed^ when Charles the Sixths the august
Emperor J was ruling over us.

The fourth^ (at page 232) is thus dated —
typIs anno qVo
bqVes MELIXiB beneDICto pILeo fVIt honoratVs. = 1725
ie. Printed in the year when the Knight of Malta was honoured by
Pope Benedict with a (t cardinal s) hat^

The subject of the book (at page 311) thus concludes —
DeVs preCIbVs gbnItrICIs sViE sVos erIgat ! aMen. = 1725
ie. May God raise up his people through the prayers of his Mother/
Amen,

The ' register' of the names of places, the titles of nobility, men-
tioned in the book, concludes thus —

De His aLIIsqVe GENEALoGliB, qVas sCrIbaM seqVentVr. = 1725
i,e. The genealogies concerning these^ and others which I shall write^ will
follow. [They are not in the book now being quoted]

The ' index of matters ' concludes with this chronogram, the last
line in the book —

soLI Deo LaVs, DeCVsqVe DeIpara VIrgInI. = 1725

i.e. To God alone be praise^ and to the Virgin Mother of God be honour.

^ See the title-page of the book now being quoted.

' The final name on the dedication list of the author's patrons is Antonins Manoel de
Vilhena, Knight of St. John of Jerusalem, Grand-Master of Malta.

4S8 CONCEPTUS CHRONOGRAPHICUS.

CONCEPTUS CHRONOGRAPHICUS, de con-
cepta sacra Deipara, eta etc, per Josephum Zoller Ord. S.
Benedicti.i Augustas Vindelicorum, 1712.

This is the title of a remarkable folio volume published at Augs-
burg. It commences with an engraved frontispiece ' representing the
Virgin Mary in an aureole, surrounded by seven angels holding shields,
each containing a chronogram. At the base is the red dragon sup-
porting a scroll with a chronogram, the same as that with which the
title-page commences. The whole design is intended to illustrate
verses i to 4 of the 12th chapter of the book of the Revelation of St.
John the Divme.

The title-page is printed in great letters, black and red, and the
first words are chronogrammatia The book contains altogether 713
chronograms on one and the same subject, and repeating the one
date, 17 1 2. I intended to have printed all of them, and had accord-
ingly extracted the whole for that purpose. It has, however, appeared
to me that they would lose much of their meaning by being separated
from the somewhat long explanations which accompany them in the
original, and that many would rather assume the character of sentences
composed at random, devoid of special application to the main subject
of the book, and so prove a tedious and uninteresting feature in this
collection. I therefore subjoin enough only to show the nature of the
chronograms, and refer the reader to the book itself, and proceed to
allude briefly to some other of its leading features.

In the ' licence to print,' the book is styled, * liber ingeniosissime
et preclarissime conceptus.' Its purpose is the assertion and exaltation
of the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. It is altogether in
the Latin language. It is divided into 100 chapters or groups (Con-
ceptus), and each of them into seven sections in a set order, forming
a remarkable collection of Fable, Legend, History, Divinity, Doctrine,
and Dogma. Each section is preceded by an appropriate chrono-
gram ; each seventh section concludes with an hexameter anagram on
the words of the * Ave,' the angelic salutation ' Ave Maria^grotid
pletuiy Dominus tecum* having, however, no chronographic signifi-
cation, yet showing that the author overcame one hundred additional
difiiculties in completing his work.

An emblematical engraving accompanies the 'S3rmbolum/ or fifth
section, of each ^ conceptus,' which is explained by verses and reference
to Scripture texts.

The engraved frontispiece before alluded to contains these
chronograms —

^ Zeigdbauer, in his Historia rei literarise Ord. S. Benedicti, speaks of Zoller as
' Author in Chronographicis mirific^ exceUens.'

' The accompanyii:qg^ illustration is a facsimile of this sumptuous frontispiece, the actual
size, taken from the original, belonging to the Rev. Dr. W. Sparrow Simpson, Canon, etc.*
of St Paul's Cathedral, London, ih^o kindly lent it for this purpose. The British Museum
copy of the book is without an original engraved firontispieoe.

CONCEPTUS CHRONOGRAPHICUS, 459

antIqVItas InDICabIt ILLIbataM. = 17 12

peCCatVM DeIpara negabVnt ratIones. = 17 12

pVraM sCrIptVra DoCebIt. = 1712

neC DeerVnt CentVM HlsTORli®. = 1712

ANGELICA saLVtatIo ostenDet pVraM. = 1712

pLVra aLLVDent sIJMboLa. ' =1712

aCCeDeNT VarI^ PATRVM SENTENTliE. = 1712

i,e. Antiquity wiil declare the spotless Ofie. The reasons will deny sin to
the Mother of God The Scriptures will teach thai she is pure. Nor
wiil a hundred histories be wanting. The angelic salutation will show
her purity. Many symbols will refer to it. Various sayings of the
Fathers will support it (alluding to the several sections already men-
tioned of each Conceptus).

The scroll carried by the dragon bears this chronogram, taken
from Rev. xiL 4 —

DraCo rVfVs aD peDbs ILLlBATiC. = 171 2

i,e. The red dragon before the spotless one.

The printed title-page commences thus —
ConCeptVs ChronographICVs De ConCepta saCra DeIpara.= 1712
i.e. A chronographic collection concerning the sacred conception of the
Mother of God.

The dedication is addressed to the queen of heaven in most
high-flown language, in which occur these words —
CIrCVMData VarIetate omnigenarum gratiarum. = 17 12

The preface addressed to the reader, contains this chronogram,
MERixb MVLtIpLICanDVs=i7i2, also these further words, which
have only the appearance of a chronogram, * nescio CVI potius ?
an nimiriim Conceptae Virgini Immaculatae, in Carolo
VI. vel Carolo VI. in Concepts Virgine Immaculati?'

These words are not intended to make any date ; they are a playful
alliterative application of the letters in the word CVI (C. VI.) meaning
the emperor Charles vi. of Germany, then reigning, and who is highly
extolled throughout the preface.

The volume consists of 353 pages; my extracts with remarks
comprise 34 out of the 7 13 chronograms, also the first ' Conceptus,' the
fiftieth, and the last

De concept^ sacrd Deipard
Conceptus. i'.

§ I. Scriptura. pVra DeIpara, ob aqVas Congregatas,
MarIa appeLLata. Genesis i. 10. =1712

§ 2. Authoritas. s . aLbertVs MagnVs, DElPARiE sIne Labe
proteCtor. = 1 71 2

§3. Ratio. VeLLe DeI, est IpsVM faCere. = 1712

With a discourse commencing with a quotation from Aristotle,
* Amare velle bonum,' sed Deus amavit Mariam quam omnes reliquas
creaturas, ut alibi patebit, ergo plus ei voluit bonum, etc. —

46o CONCEPTUS CHRONOGRAPHICUS.

§ 4. Historia, CbLbbrItas festIVa sJne Labs ConCept^ A
sanCto nICoLao bLsIno abbatI ManIfbstata. s= 171 2

With a nanative about Elsinus, Abbot of Rheims in 11 49.

§ 5. Symbolum. DeIpar/£ sIne Labe prInCIpIVM soLenne
In gratIA. , = 1712

With reference to Rev. i. 9, Ego sum Alpha et Omega. And an
engraving representing a preaching before an august assembly.

§ 6. Antiquitas. LIbbr, proprIA IVLII CifiSARls ManV
ConsCrIptVs, eIVs porrbCto eX aqVIs braChIo, ab ImterItV
saLVatVs. = 1 7 12

With a narrative characteristic of Julius Cesar.

§ 7. Anagramma, aVe pVra A Labe, aMantI DILsCtaI = 1712
Ave pura regina, summo amanti dilecta I

Versio Htteralis.
Ave Maria, gradi plena, Dominus tecum.

The letters composing the first line, will by transposition compose
also the words of the angelic salutation, the 'versio litteralis.' And
so throughout the ninety-nine subsequent anagrams, or as it is ex-
pressed in the index of the anagrams, 'Eandem sine omni labe
conceptam toti^ quotibs resalutat'

Conceptus 50.

§344. Scriptura. fons parWs, CresCens In fLWIVM,
pVra genItrIX, In sVA ConCeptIone peCCatI bXpers.= 1712
Esther x. 6.

§ 345. Auiharitas. b. haIJMonIs, De VIrgInb ConCbptA,
opInIo. ^ ^ =s 1712

Reference to Homil: in Epist: de assumpt: Marise.

§ 346. Ratio. DebItorI Vestes sVnt ConCeDenDjb. = 171 2

With a discourse on this sentiment, and reference, inter alia^ to
Isaiah liiL 4, Vere languores nostros ipse tulit, eta

§ 347. Historia. THoMiE aqVInatIs, De ConCeptIone

SENTENTIa, et PROPRIa InTERPRETATIo. r= 17 12

§348. Symbolum. CVrrens aD fonteM, Instar CerVI. = 17 12
With reference to Psalm xliL i, and an engraving of a hart running
towards a cascade.

§ 349. Antiquitas. arChIMeDes, ab Vno pVnCto fortIs. == 17x2
§ 35a Anagramma. ConCepta, In prIMo InstantI, InVIa
prsDonI. = 17 1 2

Age casta, altum Mare, invium praedoni I

Versio litteralis.
Ave Maria, gradi plena, Dominus tecum.

Conceptus 100.

§694. Scriptura. IerVsaLeM noVa, CosLbstIs, A DEa s 17 r 2
Rev. xxL 2.

§ 659. Authoritas. s. VInCentII ferrsrII, De ILLIbatA
Mens. s 1712

Followed by extracts from the saint's sermons.

CONCEPTUS CHRONOGRAPHICUS.

461
1713

§ 396. Ratio. opVs artIfICbM LaVDare soLet. =

Followed by a discourse concerning ' Vulgare hodie axioma est ; opus
laudat suum artificem.'

§ 697. Histaria. tbMporb ConCILII basILeensIs, Con-
CeptIo reCepta, aC pestIs aVsrsa. = 1712

With a narrative of the circumstance, and the dates of the decrees of
the council 1439 ^^^ ^45 7*

§ 698. Symbolunu eXCeLsa In CIVItate strVCtVra,
absqVe VLLo InfortVnIo, In sVbLIMe eVeCta, et absoLVta.=s 171 2
With an engraving representing a walled town, and reference to
Psalm Ixvil 10, Tu vero perfecisti eam.

§ 699. Antiquitas. Vrbs roMana, VIDens trbs soLes, In
CceLo. = 1712

An event said to have happened in the time of Augustus Caesar.

§ 700. Anagramnuu VIrgo MVnDa A peCCato? Ita. = 17 12
En ! virgo semper munda k maculi ita ita.

Versio lateralis.
Ave Msuia, gratilL plena, Dominus tecum*
The last page I give entire ; it is a sort of ' flourish,' to conclude
the book —

Dat fIneM tabVLa saCVLarIs. = 17 12

Appendices loco annexa, ac centum litteras continens,
in qui
Si k primo I, per diversissimas lic^t vias progrediaris, ssepissimb
legenda oculis obversabitur, et in O terminabitur —

462 ANNUS SEXAGESIMUS.

Ubi per primam litteram I, intelligere poteris
primum instans Conceptionis ;
per ultimum vero litteram O
Singularem hanc marle prserogatitum, ab a&terno inchoatam,

ac per ssecula sine termino duraturam.
Si denique principium et finem I & O, conjungere lubeat,

Quid aliud resonabit, nisi iucundissimum lO !

gratulabunda ilia acclamatio,

ob gloriosissmam, ac saeculis inauditam

Virginis de serpente antique

Victoriam ?

Veruntamen in omnibus

Me sVbIICIo-SeDI PONTlFlCIiE: = 17 12

Ut in omnibus glorificetur deus. Reg. S. Ben. c. 57.

A MARVELLOUS book by a Jesuit writer, Gerard Grumsel, contains
two thousand and sixty-eight hexameter and pentameter lines
composed entirely in chronogram. A copy is in the British Museum
(press-mark 837. k. 13). 4°. The following is a transcript of the
t\^t'^B%Qi—'ANNUS SEXAGESIMUS HUJUS S/ECULI,
sive res memorabiles inter Regna et monarchias eo anno gestae, et
chronicis distichis evulgatae.

aVCtore gerarDo grVMseI* s, l' = 1660

The dedication is to Pope Alexander vil, in Latin, and near the
conclusion it proceeds thus —

Admitte has igitur sub umbeM tui camcenas, sive traDent aC
LoqVentVr arMa; sive traDent et LoqVentVr paCeM. = 1660

The subject is treated in ten poems, called Elegies, on historical
events of the century 1600, in chronogram verses, each couplet giving
the particular date, with a plain version on opposite pages throughout
the book. A French writer has remarked on the quality of the
composition, ' Les vers sont assez coulants et ne paraissent pas trop
tortur^.' The elegies vary in length from 128 to 220 lines, all too
long to transcribe. It would weary both my readers and myself to
give more than an extract or two as an example of the rest

The seventh elegy, at page 96, relates to Kling Charles 11. of
England, and I select it rather Uian any of the odiers relating to
foreign events or personages. Here are the first twenty lines, and
they may be taken as a specimen of the whole work. There are alto-
gether 202 lines in this elegy —

ANNUS SEXAGESIMUS.

463

Elegeia Septima.
Ad Carolum Secundum Anglise regem, post miram fortunse meta-
morphosim tripliciter hoc anno coronatum.

Exilium Regis.
qVIsqVIs es hIC gestos qVI Vis eXpenDere CasVs;

hVC aDes, hoC rVrsVs perLege LeCtor opVs.
qVaLe neC eX prIsCIs aLIbI sCrIptorIbVs VsqVaM,

qVaLe neC eX fastIs, hIstorIIsqVe Leges.
InVenIes ChronICIs hoC apta VoLVMIne; qV^qVe,

faCta LICet, fIerI VIX potVIsse pVtes.
qV^ neqVe ConspeXIt, qVI ConspICIt oMnIa, tItan :

QViE neqVe ConspICIet serIVs VLLVs agI.
CoMICVs aCtor erVnt Vno tragICVsqVe theatro;

InqVe vices VersVs SiEPt CothVrnVs erIt.
De grege reX faCtVs, popVLI CrVDVsqVe LanIsta,

IgnaV/e referet sVCCVbVIsse neCI.
eXVL et 'VnDenIs fVerat qVI MensIbVs heres,

In sVa saLtantI regna VehetVr eqVo.
hVnC preMet; hVnC trIpLICI regno fortVna reponet:

sXItVs hInC feLIX, hInC qVoqVe trIstIs erIt.
qVaLIs et Is fVerIt ; qViE sors, CasVsVe seC VtI ;

FERT anIMVs ChronICIs VersIbVs hIsCe LoqVI.
prabVsras patrLe IaM CoLLa stVarte bIpennI :

rbX qVoqVe nVnC trVnCo VertICe trVnCVs eras.

etc etc

Plain version of the foregoing lines.
Quisquis es htc gestos qui vis expendere casus ;

Hue ades, hoc rursus perlege lector opus.
Quale nee ex priscis alibi Scriptoribus usquam,

Quale nee ex fastis, historiisque leges.
Invenies chronicis hoc apta volumine ; quseque.

Facta licet, fieri vix potuisse putes.
Quae neque conspexit, qui conspicit omnia, Titan :

Quae neque conspiciet serihs uUus agL
Comicus actor erunt uno Tragicusque theatro ;

Inque vices versus ssepe cothurnus erit
De grege Rex factus, populi crudusque lanista,

Ignavae referet succubuisse neci.
Exul et undenis fiierat qui mensibus haeres,

In sua saltanti regna vehetur equo.
Hunc premet ; hunc triplici regno fortuna reponet :

Exitus hinc felix, hinc quoque tristis erit.
Qualis et is fuerit ; quae sors, casusve secuti ;

Fert animus chronicis versibus hisce loqui.
Praebueras patriae jam coUa STUARTE bipenni :

Rex quoque nunc trunco vertice truncus eras,
etc etc

1660
1660
1660
1660
1660
1660
1660
1660
1660
1660

464 PORTA PACIS.

Then follows a further elegy concerning the history of Charles n.,
consisting of i88 lines. Here are the first four lines and the con-
cluding couplet, as a specimen, and a plain version of them—

Elegeia octava.
Restauratio regni.
AT tV toLLe CapVt reX CaroLe : sCorpIVs aLtbr ) ^ g^

qVI seqVItVr, Vanos hIC parIt Vrbe MetVs. j

ILLe neC iNDoCxiB pLebIs satIs ora refrInget ; ) _ ^^

NEC PATRliE SERPENS CaLLIDItATIs ERIt. J *

sic tIbI reX annos faVeant et SiECVLA DIVI ; 1 _ ^^^

CaroLVs et Vera VoCe seCVnDVs oVes. / "" '^^

Plain version.
At tu toUe caput Rex Carole : Scorpius alter^

Qui sequitur, vanos hie parit urbe metus.
Ille nee indoctse plebis satis ora refiringet ;

Nee patriae serpens calliditatis erit.

Sic tibi Rex annos faveant et ssecula Divi ;
CAROLVS et veri voce SECVNDVS oves.
[The book ends with pp. 148-149.]

A TRACT in the British Museum (press-mark 837. m. 1-15.)) by
£\ J. Bartschius, is intituled * Porta pacis.' It is a congratulatory
address to Frideric, King of Bohemia, Elector-Palatine, etc, on his
entry into Prague in the year 1620. Printed at Breslau. The title-
page begins—^

o reX Magne, haVe aC faVens aDesto, = 1620

etc etc
Porta Pacis et Gloriae Mathematico-Poetica ; Divo Friderico r^
etc (and it ends thus) —

Anni
eIa! frIDerICVs In VrbeM VenIt. = 1620

LfiTARE bresLa: naM reX tVVs aDest. =s 1620

GOTT Lob, Vnser fVrst VnD konIg In bohMen ) _ ^
1st In bresseL eIngezogen. J *

* A marginal note in the original explains, ' Ridiardus Ciomnel, filius Oliuerii.'
' Frideric was elected King of Bohemia in 1619, the war which was the consequence of
thb circumstance ended in his defeat at Prague on 9th November 1620. He took refuge in
Holland, having lost all his dominions, a rc^t not antidpated bj the writer of the ' Forta
pads.'

l620

1620

PORTA PACIS. 46s

The dedication follows, concluding thus —

DIWs frIDerICVs aDsIt nobIs. = 1620

A page of verses, intituled, 'Apollo Pamasseus in porta pacis
Vratislav,' concludes thus —

o nostrIs MVsIs faVeat frIDerICVs In orbe. = 1620

Vnsern freIen kVnsten Lobesan bLeIbe Der I _

konIg In bohMen VnstIg. J ""

After this is a large folding sheet, in which the words are printed

in a form to represent a gateway of a town with three openings, and

two windows above them, and they are marked out by words in red

letters. There are several chronograms intermixed; this one is in

a circle crowning the summit of the ' Porta' —

GOTT GEBE VnserM konIge eIne gVte frIeDreIChe ) _
regIerVng. / ""

Then follows an astrological scheme relating to the king, occupy-
ing two pages, and followed by —
o reX Magne, Deo reCtore bono astra faVebVnt. = 1620

Thematis Astronomici !

^ per Uraniam et Calliopen in Pamasso facta Explicatib. |

This title indicates the character of the verses which follow. This 1

chronogram is in the margin — 1

ASTRA regVnt hoMInes, regIt InDe HiEC IoVa benIgnVs. = 1620 1

VIr probVs aC sapIens astrIs DoMInatVr In orbe. = 1620 I

Then follow three pages of verses, interspersed with chronograms, '

the totals of which are to be worked by the common rules of arith- I

metic to make the date 1620. There is no space here for the verses ;

these are the arithmetical chronograms —

Eteometra Arithmetica juxta quintuplicem vulgarem operandi in
Arithmet mod. versibus chronicis inclusa.

(On the year of the coronation of Frideric).

Additio.

reX noster eLIgItVr Magno DIe nataLI. = 16 19

reX boheMIa rIte CoronatVr DIe ottonIs. = 16 19

Vnser konIg frIeDrICh zV prag an seInbM gebVrtstage

erkohren. = 1619

WIrt preChtIg DaraVffhIer gekronet aM tage ottonIe.= 1619

nataLIs regIs, regI est fataLIs honorVM ) =1610

IsTA DIES : rsgI nostro faVet orbIs et Ipse. j ^

eta eta eta

VIVIt: Io feLIX VI Vat reX fortIs In Vrbe. = 102

pragensI regnetqVe DIV per teMpora faVsta. = 1517

Heidelberg, from whence Frideric came to Bohemia. = 1619

Subtractto.

prInCeps noster ab Vrbe pragaM abIIt annVente ) =60

ET IVbente Deo. j ' ^^

regI et DoMIno nostro nasCItVr ileres eX regIna. = 1619

frIDerICVs fIt reX BOHEMIiS et pater PRAGiE. = 161 9

466 PORTA PACIS.

Vnser gnIDIgster fVrst zeVot WeoaVs pfaLtz Von Vns, ) _ ^
WIrD konIg VnD eIn Vater zV prag. / ^

}■

etc etc. etc.
osoR hIC atqVe VLtor sCeLerIs, VIrtVtIs aMator,
frIDrICos IMItatVr aVos, fortIssIMVs herds: v _ ^

aC est eVsebIen propter, CharItesqVe benIgnas ' ^'

OB theMIn £t sophIan CVnCto notIssIMVs orbs.

Ergo.
regnat: Io feLIX frIDerICVs hIC aWM, )

prInCeps-eLeCtor, DVX saCer ILLe hoMInVM, / 7^^^

1619

At Bninn, the capital of MoravUi where homage was done to
the king by all ranks of people —

. Multiplicatio.

brVnnaM faVstIter InIt frIDerICVs. = 1620

nVn 1st konIg frIeDrICh; zV brVnn In MIhren = 1620

Ipse brVnnA VratIsLaVIaM sLesIa abIt bono Deo. = 1620

Vnser gneDIgster Margraff WIL In bresseL eInzIehen. = 1620

etc. etc etc
. . . summos et honores
Multiplices, — simul atque humili sic pectore fatur;

o reX Irenes IVstVs nostros fVgbt hostes! = 27

regI IgItVr fortI gLorIa, perpes honor = 60

Nos frIDerICe DIV, nos tege IoVa DIV. = 1620
Wratislavia (Breslau) does homage —

Divisio.

DIVo regI sVo bresLa Vrbs sILesIa portaM erIgIt. = 1620
eIne frIeDens-ehren-port haVet Itzt aVffn pLatz brbssLa

VIreM konIge. = 1620

frIDerICVs faVst^ transIt portaM VrbIs et forI. = 1620
Vnser oberster hertzog VnD konIg reItet DVrCh DIe 1 ^

feIn gezIerte ehrenport. j IB^

en pater hIC patrIa MagnVs, DVX sLesIDos, VrbIs = 2179

Is DoMInVs nostr«, toto gratIssIMVs orbe, = 2514

MVnIfICVs faVtor MVsarVM, CVLtor et Ipse = 3283

SOPHROSYNES CVSTOS A IoVA IVrIs ET iEQVI. = 1 24

Ergo. 5)8100

Nos et nostra beet, protegat et foVeat = 1620

Budissina (Bautzen) Marchionatus Lusatise superioris Metropolis,
does homage —

Regula de Tri.

MarChIo noster In bVDIssIna VIVet. = 1620

In LVsatLe PATRliE NOSTRA MetropoLI reX aDerIt. s= 1620

Vnser gnIDIgster Margraff 1st aVs bresseL Itzt In I ^

LaVssnItz oezogen. j "~ '"*®

PORTA PACIS. 467

rVjmIstI konIg frIbDrICh nahe beI Der haVptstaDt

baVtzen. = 1620

o InVICte heros, stIrpe aLta nobILIs VrbI, = 216

CLaMItat oMnIs HoMOy DICens IaM VoCe sonantI. = 4860

VIVe, VaLe, rege nos faVstIter et tege nos. = 72

4860 X 72 -f 2t6 = 1620
Concluding lines —

Lauba Lusatiae Urbs patria nostra,

o reX et MarChIo noster aDsIt nobIs benIgn^ In Vrbe.=: 1620
Vnser konIg VnD herr seI Vns In Der statt aLLI.t^

GNsDIa = 1620

LiETARE LaVba patrIa *. reX tIbI seMper aDerIt BENlGNk= 1620

The next page begins with —

reX aC foeDVs nostrorVM. = 1620

[The confederation of Hungary, Austria, Bohemia, and the pro-
vinces of Moravia, Silesia, and Lusatia, is indicated by a sort of
geometrical diagram placed in the centre of the following chrono-
grams]—

perpetVo nostrVM foeDVs Constat sVper orbe. = 1620

rVnseIn seChs VnD i bVnDnItz Der konIge

VIer In eIneM I konIgreIChe VnD

begrIffen. = 1620 JL proVIntzen. = 1620

VnVM sVnt et V-/ VnDIqVe erVnt

qVatVor et seX, I pVta regIones Ist-* 1091

LegIbVs. = 1091 I VnIta=S29 529

= 1620

HoC fceDVs neMo tVrbet sVpbr orbe nefastVs. = 1620

followed by a page of verses concluding with —

Namque unum unitum semper tegit unus lovah,
neC fceDVs nostrVM tVrbetVr ab orbe NEFASTa = 1620

Then follows a geometric square signifying another condition of
the same confederation, made indissoluble in 1619, accompanied by
verses and these chronoragms —

VnIo proVInCIarVM In terra nostra a Deo. = 1619

frIeD VnD eInIgkeIt ernehret,
VnsrIeD aber aLLes Verzehret.
o fIat! fIat!
DesVper o nobIs ConfIrMet Vota IehoVa.
This line also occurs —
Vnser gnaDIgster konIg VnD herr Lebe VnD

= 1620
ss 1620

} -

regIere eIne Lange zeIt. / ^

A little prayer for peace, taken from a church canticle, brings this
singular effusion to a termination ; after giving the ten verses, it pro-
ceeds thus —

^ In these places the original print is imperiect

468

GENIUS BELGICUS CONSOLATUR.

Breviter.
o reX jetherIs potens, Da paCeM regI nostro nobIsqVe In
terrIs. = i6ao

< Chronodisticha Germanica super annum praesentem,'
Vnser gnaDIgster fVrst 1st VnD heIst frIeDreICh. = i6ao

= 1620

frIeDreICh 1st Itzt VnD bLeIbt aVCh aLLezeIt )
bILLICheIn gott LlEa /

* Votum devotissitnum omnium pioram.'

heIL seI Itzt VnD aLzeIt VnsereM konIge Von gott. = i6ao

DIWs frIDerICVs aDerIt benIgnL = i6ao

A SINGLE printed sheet in a large volume of German engravings
(British Museum, press-mark 1750. c 2. Na 18). A lamenta-
tion in hexameter and pentameter verse on the death of a Princess of
Austria, the daughter of Leopold and his wife Margaret. Each line
makes 1693, the date of the event The author's name and place of
publication appear at the end. The following is a transcript of the
entire sheet : —

Genius Belgicus consolatur moestissimas, Bavariae et Austriae
nymphas plorantes, ac lamentantes super immaturam luctuosissi-
mamque mortem, serenissimss principis electricis Maria Antgnia,
natse archiducissae Austriae, Leopoldi i. Rom. Imper. £x Margaretha,
Philippi IV. Hispaniarum regis catholici gnati, dilectissimae filiae,
serenissimique principis Maximiliani Emanuelis, utriusque Bavariae,
nee non Sup. PaL Ducis, comitis Palat Rheni, s. r. i. Archidap. &
Electoris, Lantgravii Leuchtenbergensis, etc. etc Amantissimae
Conjugis, Dominae, Dominae pientissimae memorias.^
VIta VeLVt fLos egreDItVr, et fVgIt VeLVt VMbra. =
Nos Ver6 sICVt aqVa DILabIMVr, gViE non reVerVntVr.=

nVntIVs aVstrIaCa VenIo fVnestVs ab aVLa
AH I nIMIs aD boIos trIstIa fata ferens.

PROH ! ObIt eLeCtrIX ! pLanCtV ATRO fLeTE CAMENiC,

aVstrIaCVs, baVarVs beLgaqVe fata fLeat.

1693
1693

= 1693
= 1693

^ ue* The Genius of Belgium consoles the exceedingly sorrowful Nymphs of Bavaria
and Austria, deploring and grieving over the premature and most lamentable death of the
most serene Princess-Electress Maria Anton i a (the daughter of the Emperor Leopold i.
and Margaret his wife, etc. et&), a high lady of most pious memory.

GENIUS BELGICUS CONSOLATUR.

liATlTliE ItE PROCVL, CVTHAItffiQVE, xVBiEQVE TACeTE,

VbrsICVLIs resonet fLebILIs Vrna MeIs.
FER trIstes LVCtVs eLegIa WLsa CapILLIs,

MarIa antonIa ah ! spes baVarI oCCVbVIt !
PROH I qVaLI pLanCtV brVXeLLIs beLga oeMIsCes,

aCCIpIbns bIVs trIstIa fata stVpens I
qVanta tIbI, eLbCtor, LatItans est CaVsa DoLorIs,

ANTE CVI eLeCtrIX gaVDIa tanta tVLIt !
ante pVerperIo reCreata baVarICa teLLVs,

LVCens MasCVLeA eX proLe beata VenIt,
eLeCtrICe sVA nVnC heV spoLIata benIgnA,

LatItIa In geMItVs VertItVr eCCe noVos.
aVLa, statVs patrLs, fLet eqVester, et orDo togatVs,

MARliB ANTONliE LVgVbRE fVnVs HABENS.

pLanCtVs Inest aVL« LeopoLDI C/bsarIs Ingens,

faCta VeLVt VIDVa est boICa terra sIbI.
VoCe Pit qVerVLA LaCryMabILIs assonat eCho,

trIstItLe Is aVrVs CVrrere CogIt aqVas.
bheV CVr preCIbVs non fIt reVoCabILIs VLLIs,

soL patrLe eLeCtrIX, taM pIa nostra parens !
fata Vbtant : LeX est, et IneXorabILe fatYM,-

(Verba poeta tIbI heI, non sInIt Ire DoLor I)
HiEC VbI pLangebaM, VenIens sopor obrVIt artVs,

VatI a trIstItIa noX erat orta DIV.
ANTE oCVLos NOSTROS genIVs qVasI MIssVs ab astrIs

VIsVs aDesse fVIt : sIste poeta pife,
HiEC eLeCtrICIs pIa fVnera pLangerb qVestV,

DIXIT, EN eLeCtrIX non obIt ILLa, Deo
VIVIt, QViE pIetate sVA MatVra tonantI,

TANTA ASTRIs NEQVIIt STELLa LATERE DIV,

eLeCtrIX paVCIs eXpLeVIt teMpora pLVra,
hInCCe Inter sanCtos stat sIne fIne VIrens.

hIsCe eXperreCtVs CcpI soLarIer; orbI
noLLet IbI eLeCtrIX aMpLIVs esse sVper.

ergo absInt qVestVs LeopoLDe eManVeL absInt

TRiSTlTiE, EST sVpERIS VeRA VIrAGO VIrENS.

Ipsa eXorabIt pro VobIs nVMen In astrIs
(appLaVDent sVperI) prInCIpe proqVe sVo.

VIgesIMo qVarto -ctatIs sV^ anno In
VIgILIA natIVItatIs ChrIstI Deo

SVo NATA EST.

f =

faLLaX gratIa, et Vana est pVLChrItVDo,
bLeCtrICIs pIetas Ipsa LaVDabItVr.

hIC

469

1693

'693
1693

= 1693

-s 1

= 1693

= ^693

= 1693

= 1693
= 1693
=s S

1693

^ These lines make only 1688. They are so in the original, and are probably erroneous.
' These lines make 169S. They are so in the original, but probably erroneous, as the
sheet was published in 1693.

* This line accords with the original ; it makes only 1692.

470

GENIUS BELGICUS CONSOLATUR.

eXtInCta est LVX

EN LVMen VlTiE DeXtrA
haC eXtIngVItVr atrA.

Here is a figure

of Death draped

in blacky exttn-

guishing a l^hied

candle held in the

right hand.

et gaVDIVM
Top line = 176 K 5
Bottom lines=isi7 j ^'''
Middle lines=i693.

baVarLe

eVanVIt VIrtVosa

VIta qVasI rVbICVnDa rosa
EST . MoX Vespere LangVet.
Htre is a figure
of Death draped
in blacky holding
in the right hand
a rose from which
the leaves arefcdl-
ingy and in the
left hand an hour
glass.
pVLChrItVDo bVarorVM.

Top line = 22 ) ^
Bottom line =1671 j ^^'
Middle lines^ 1693.

EPITAPHIUM.

In saXo LICeat sCVLpantVr CarMIna VatIs,
bAVarIa hIC pIetas rara sepVLta IaCet.

NE TE eIVS TENERiE MIsERESCaNT FATA VIaTOR,

fLore IWentVtIs syDera InIVIt oVans.

GRATA ROSA aVgVsTO LeOPOLDo NATA, BENIgNA

eManVeLI VXor, baVarIqVe parens,
tanta ROSA In faCIe pIetatIs LVCe rVbesCens,

eXtInCta est, CeCIDIt, DeserVItqVe sVos.
DIsCe hInC, InstabILIs nIhILI esse habItaCVLa VIta

fLos soLe egreDItVr ConterItVrqVe breVL

MARliE ANTONliE VIrtVtES QVanDo SEQVerIs,

Certe astrIs feLIX (perge VIator) arIs.

LVX perpetVa ILLVXIt pik Deo MortVa.

1693
1693

1693
1693
1693

1693
1693

Ita DeVoVebat sVb eXeqVIIs pro ConsoLatIone

trIstIssIMa baVarI^

August: Casimirus Redelius, Cler:

Belga Mechlin. S. C Maj. L. P.

1693

Jffa . ScJutlffUf . ^M

Jjmjrn^i'l^ St ^^Im^ ■>

^ Jjr, j/ ig/alhrt.^ d*l

it* w ,*» iuit.7murUt Sc -M^irLx^/u/^ . ||

J3ECJH.4. INSCRIPTIO

i'j|,Ai) Obchestras supra Pohtam Majohem Eccij:,aLt DfMlli

I HEJDIO COLLOCATA, ChbONCKKTICO INT£K BTNA
Id Mortis SimuIacjia obitum beplorarat Sum r

Mys, Fbincipis , maxihis

> 1 okissjua: £/NC ohus

aMaLIa AgVs'eO

p/foPvTIs VeLVt aLt£.eaM)1th1Jv^
R JgLokIa genttIs sV^ In VItajI/
%\ fVIt

Ufe^^^v^ e,heV/ oeJIt.

„ DECIMA JKSCRI^TIO ,.

aLgler^ B^xU-o Orc/us tra m Aquida _

^^i^Hasza. Sa^nxmmlLs ^ qua ^jrun "
\ turnXux Junl f mwnri in mjrlj d^

• trtwttrt tn mjrtd de:

i Simjlr^ Orc/tAStn^ in

merits S\

raJa StJnp^ ^^^^^ijsa ad mcrUtn. n

^M Ll3CV^

s^^lXHO^N^

v^-

'J^v

^f^:

7ji^'^

DXCIMA TERTIA INSCRIPTIO

PULPITD CONCIONATOBIO INHj^RENS / IN A :
QUILA ERGA SOLEW VOLANTE EXPLICABAT,:
qjJAM E«lELICA\tEBI DlVINI rUERITAaOUSOA

'VX TRAHIT

Ar)

'«&;-

■^^h!^*/^

- Hoc TlBi Ltnt SEJOEii Afl^aJ^ \^ ^

FUNEBRIS MEMORIA MARINE AMALIyE. 47 ^

A BOOK, folio size, with a boldly printed title-page, commencing,
'Fimebris Memoria Marias Amaliae,' etc. etc [A funeral
remembrance of Maria Amalia the august Empress, widow of the
Elector of Bavaria, Count Palatine, Prince of Hungary, Archduke of
Austria, etc. etc., solemnly performed by command of Maximilian
Joseph in the Theatine Church^ at Munich, on nth December 1756
and .17th January 1757.] The work is dedicated by (its author?)
Josephus Adamus Rockh the Praepositus, to Maximilian Joseph, the
reigning Duke of Bavaria, the son of the deceased fwho was the
widow of the late Elector of Bavaria^), and gives a aescription of
the funeral obsequies, accompanied by twenty-three finely executed
engravings of the principal decorations and inscriptions, with three
chronograms, and <A the pictures emblematical of the virtues of the
deceased.

The first chronogram^ appears in plate 3 (page 3), inscribed on
a representation of a heart, at the altar of St Cajetan (who was the
second General of the order) ; see the annexed facsimile —
aMaLIa sanCto CaIetano THlsKiCO Integro genIo aDh/esIt.= 1756

The second is in plate 4 (page 5) ; see the annexed fiicsimile—
aMaLIa pIa DElPARiC anCILLa perstItIt.= = 1756

The third is in plate 11 (page 19), among many other inscriptions ;
see the annexed facsimile —

aMaLIa aVgVsta, fortIs VeLVt aLtera IVDIth, gLorIa
gsntIs sViE In VIta fVIt, eheV! obIIt. = 1756

I only acquired the book a few days before this page was printed ;
I cannot find a copy of it in the British Museum Library.

-♦►♦*4«-

THE two following relate to the royal family of the House of
Brunswick, and are extracted from two tracts in the British
Museum Library.

1 he first has this title,^ ' Iter parallelum Phoebi occidentis et
orientis Joannis Friderici Emesti Augusti Ducum Germanorum
Brunsvico-Lunenburgicorum, ex itinere in Italiam, reducum, Ipsi
orienti serenissimo principi Ernesto-Augusto Domino suo clementis-
simo cum is occidente Joanni Friderico serenissimo parentaret.
Oblatum a Societate Jesu Osnaburgensi — -

KT CaDIt et sVrgIt fataLI tempore phoebVs I _

NON ergo penItVs fata IWare neges. J —

1680

* ' In Electorali Templo Clericomm regnlarium vulgo Tbeatinorum.' The church of
the Theadnes (so called from Theate, the see of Bishop Caraffa, one of the founders of the
Order), was the Court church of Munich. Beneath it are the burial vaults of the royal
family. It was built in 1675, in the debased Italian style, with a dome ; the interior is
spacious and imposing, though much overladen by stucco decoration.

' See Charles vii. at p. 147, a$iU.

' I have carefully searched this church for chronogram inscriptions without success.

^ British Museum, press-mark 591. g. 23.

472

CONFLAGRATION AT ANTWERP.

The second has this title,^ * Antiquum illud lo I Feliciterl Invic-
tissimo, etc, regi Britannise, Gallise, et Hibemise defensori fidei, etc,
Georgio Ludovico/ etc [George the First of England, on his depar-
ture from Brunswick to assume the sceptre of Britain. An oration in
' Schola Clausthaliensis/ by J. J. Fahsius, pp. 8.] On the last page is,
badly printed, this * chronodistichon ' —

partV gVeLfIa De regaLI nate georgI, \ _

aD brIttos ten Dens sCeptra parata tene. j

1714

THE following is the only example I have met with of a chrono-
gram made of the initial letters only, of the lines which
describe the subject of it. The extract is from a small tract (British
Museum, press-mark 698. b. a. — 4), by C. Graphaeus, alias Scribonius
or Schryver, which describes a conflagration which happened at the
(cathedral?) church at Antwerp, on sth October 1533, in twenty-nine
pages of Latin hexameter verse. The tract bears the following tide
and date, and has this chronogrammatic introduction marking the year
of the conflagration —

' Memorablis conflagratio templi Divse Mariae Antwerpiefty heroico
versu velut ob oculos posita. Authore Comelio Graphea'
Quisquis es, hsec legito, horrendo sic omnia versu
Ardent, ut coram cemere cuncta putes.
Anno. M.D.xxxiiii.

Annus huius Conflagrationis Uteris capitalibus comprehensus.
Maxima ab exiguo sunt saepe incendia casu,
Comprobat Andouerpaei hoc teterrima templi
Clades, Octobri quae facta est mense, nigranti
Cum nox jam medium faceret caligine cursum,
Cum nonarum isset lux tertia, magnus erat turn
Cum socero consul^ populique, urbisque magister
Vrsulus ille, animo excelso usque ad sydera notus
Vulcanus primum Gommari invaserat aram,
Vnam illam Turri quae proxima scilicet, inde
Vi multa elapsus suiiuni ad fastigia tecti
Vssit atrox quaecunque sibi facta obruta, densi
Vndique erant ignes, frimi, stridorque, fragorquCi
Infandique aestus, stragesque gravesque ruinae,
Intactam tamen k peste hac, turrimque chorumque
Ille, Jovis jussu, flamma cedente, reliquit

The fifteen initial letters are equal to 1533.

* British Moseuniy press-mark 1054. h. 2.--^,

I.. Ursnlos
G. Ljm

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS, 473

A THICK folio volume in the British Museum (press-mark 4885. f. i.)
It is a truly surprising volume,^ and probably unique ; it consists
of forty-eight tracts of various dates, some of them probably of great
rarity, forming a collection of congratulatory odes, orations, and
addresses to the Bishops of Bamberg and Wiirzburg in Franconia,
on their accession to dignity and office, expressed in an extraordinary
variety of ingenious conceits, such as cabalas, logogryphs, chronograms,
etc. They mostly emanate from the Society of the Jesuits at those
and other places.

The following extracts will give some idea of the fanciful character
of the effusions. The volume is lettered on the back ' Franconia
plaudens ' —

Tract No. i is intituled 'MUNDUS AARONICUS, etc,'
congratulatory verses to Francis Prince-bishop of Wiirzburg, by the
college of the Jesuits at Cologne — ^Anno quo
VrbeVbIa* DVX franConVM fIt presbyter. = 1632

The set of verses to him, and alluding to Moses and Aaron, and
to himself as ' Neo-mysta Princeps ' concludes with this * Eteologi-
cum ' —

DVX franCIsCe, DeI, stes Iras Inter, et aras: ) __ ^^

eCCLesIa es pLebIsqVe sICVt aaron. / ^

Aliud.
franCIsCe, es prInCeps, es DVX, es presbyter.

Ergo \ = 1632

VnICa te CIDarIs strIngat, epIsCopVs es.

Aliud

frVMento et VIno, DVX, franCIs tVrget eo^ =1632

esto tV DIVIs gratVs, VtrVMqVe saCran^ = 1632

Another set of verses concludes thus, styling him a ^Duke' of
Franconia —

FRANCoNl-fi DVX ES, parIter, franCIsCe saCerDos : ) _ jg

RESTANT nVnC, prInCeps, Vna tIara tIbI. J ^

Again another set of verses concludes with this ' chronodistichon ' —

EPHoD VestItVs VentVra prophetat aaron: ) __ ^

VentVra te fIDes DoCet. ) ^
Aliud

VIrgIne nasCente, es natVs franCIsCe saCerDos : ) _ .

franCIsCI festo festIVVs sVrgIs aD aras. / ^
Another set of verses concludes with this chronicum —

IVDICat ense, stoLA franCIsCVs . Is haCtenVs Vno ) _ ^

ENSE regIt . DeInCeps ense, stoLAqVe regIt. j ^

^ The discovery of this V9lume led to that of two others, which are described at a sub-
sequent page.

' Ubia-urbs or Ubiopolis, is the city of Cologne.

' The German bookbinder has cropped off the ends of these lines.

474 FRANC ONIA PLAUDENS.

Another ends with this ^chronometra' —

Reverendissimus prsesul natus anno mdxcvi, die sexto infra ^
Octavum Natae Deiparse, ipsis Magnse Matris feriis natalibus
Sacerdotio inauguratur.
TE Mysten IVssIt VIrgo nata esse . sVI ortVs • ) _ ^

TE NASCI SENG IVSSERAT ANTE DIe. J ^

The next ' chronographicum ' is imperfect ; the careless German
bookbinder has cropped the last words of three chronograms.

On the colophon is this dedicatory chronogram —
franCIsCo herbIpoLensI^ prssVLI, saCerDotI noVo, ) _ .
soCIetas IesV agrIppInensIs* DICaVIt. ] " ^^

•♦♦♦♦♦#♦♦♦♦♦<»<»♦♦♦♦*

1 he next in order. No. 2 in the volume, is a series of eulogistic
poems and epigrams in Latin, and a few in Greek, accompanied by
portraits of some of the dignitaries mentioned, with emblematical
accessories. The title-page begins, ' DOM US SAPIENTIAS,
felicibus auspiciis fundata, etc. etc' (on the occasion of a jubilee on
the foundation of the University of Wiirzburg, and mainly addressed
to Julius, Prince-bishop of Wiirzburg, and Peter Philip, Prince-bishop
of Bamberg, by the College of the Jesuits), mdclxxxii.

The emblematical frontispiece is subscribed thus —
appLaVDe : IVbILaVM est VnIVersItatIs herbIpoLensIs.^ = 1682

On the back of the title-page this appears in conspicuous print —
Porta aurea ad domum sapientia reserata ex solenni
ritujubilai. (Epigr. chronoL)

IVbILa fert annVs ; DIVIn^ paLLaDIs aDes ) _. ^^^

VIsere fas ngbIs ; aVrea porta patet. j

At page 2, the Promulgatio jubilsei contains these words, ^Ad
j^dsn ^ Cels" Principem Petrum Philippum Conservatorem, cujus
sVb sIgng trICorDe IVBlLiEVM agIt VnIVersItas.' = 1682

And at the conclusion, 'Adeste, Jubilasum, agite quibus hoc anno
saeculari

TER FELIX CVDItVr aWM.' = 1682

The subject is continued to page 52, but without any more chrono-
grams.

Passing over some tracts on similar subjects, but without chrono-
grams, No. 6 is reached, with the title beginning thus — * CURRUS
HONORIS griphis* et aenigmatogriphis^ poeticis pictus et scriptus,' —
addressed to the Prince-bishop John Philip by the College of Jesuits
at Wiirzburg — Qumto nonas Februarii, Anno cid . idc . ic The versies
at page 5 are introduced thus —

^ Wiirzburg. ' Cologne. ' Alluding to the Bishop's name.

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 475

Fama ex Choro Summa i£dis clangit tubd sui solenne.
VIVat Ioannes phILIppVs LIber baro De greIffenCLaw )
epIsCopVs herbIpoLensIs,! s . r . I . prInCeps, FRANCIiE > = 1699
orIentaLIs« DVX! j

Mus» et Genii respondent Famae
Vivat lo Vivat ille
Quern petebant vota mille,
Vota mille subditorum
Vota mille filiorum
Vive PRINCEPS, Vive.PRiESEs,
Vive Phoebe Franciee !
etc. etc. etc
Concludmg, after a profusion of fanciful verses, at page 28, and no
more chronograms.

The next tract, No. 7, is intituled, ^ SOL NOV US nuper
Eoo-frandco coelo invectus, nunc ad supremam augen i^sic) evectus,'
etc etc (when John Philip, Bishop of Wiirzburg, assumed the
mitre). Adumbratus a CoUegio Societatis Jesu HerbipolensL Anno
CIO . IDC . ic . Ill . Non. Jul. (1.^. 3 Non :/uly 1699^.

On the reverse of the title-page is an engraving of the armorial
bearings of the bishop, with these chronograms —

arMa peDo soCIata Cerne. = 1701

regaM peDo et aCInaCe. = 1701

There are ten pages of gratulatory poems, etc., concluding at
page 12 with this verse —

si WLtVs aVrora noVos roseosqVe reVeLat, ) _ ^^

VentVrI soLIs proDroMa sIgna tene. f ^^

And at page 24 the last poem, bearing this title, ' Prognosticon .
Aurese felicitatis a novo Sole invehenda,' terminates with the, follow-
ing chronogram —
soL sIMILIs soLI, qVI fVLget ab aXe, phILIppVs ;

fVLgeat Iste soLo, LVCet Vt ILLe poLo I
spICVLa qVot IaCtas noVe soL, tot SiECVLA Cernas,

DIgnVs perpetVas aXe VIDerb faCes.
DVM IVnCtIs properabIt eqVIs soL, prona faVebVnt
ASTRA tIbI, VotIs obseqVIosa tVIs.

TOT faVe sands noVe soL per annos, \

ASTRA qVot steLLas, qVot aqVa proCeLLas, ( ^

qVot saLVM stILLas, qVot habet faVILLas J ^^

^TNA, PHILIpPE. /

Tract Na 8 bears this title, 'JERUSALEM NOVA quasi
sponsa omata viro suo Sacro Epithalamio Celebrata, quando Christo
filio Dei unigenito, paranymphia regina virginum Maria, favente
apostolico duodecim-virorum Collegio, Assistentibus,' etc etc. (when

* Wiirzburg. ' Franconia.

1699
1699
1699

476 FRANCONIA FLAUDENS.

John Philip was consecrated and invested with the mitre as Bishop
of Wiirzburg) —

Anno, Mense, et DIb ConseCratIonIs. = 1703

Printed at Wiirzburg, 1703.
The subject occupies 34 folio pages, gratulatory verses, epigrams,
odes, etc., addressed to the Bishop, but without chronograms. A
large folding frontispiece engraving represents the church of the
University of Wiirzburg, with emblematical figures, and several
chronograms on scrolls and ribbons to explain the meaning; a group
in the clouds represents the Three Persons of the Trinity with some
^nts. inscribed- p^tronI aCaUeMICL = 1703

On one side of the church, in mid air, a winged child bears a little
flag, on which is the name Oulius, i,e. Julius^ and inscribed above —
HoC IsIgne DoCet. ^

On the other side another bears a scroll, inscribed, ^lippus, ( _.
and inscribed above — I ' ^

noMen reperatorIs. . )

The church is borne up in the air by two stout winged women at
either side, and the heraldic eagle with a crozier in the centre. Winged
children bear scrolls, inscribed —

I.ConDIt. ) ^_^

p. DeDICat.i i 7 ^7®^

Beneath the eagle, which holds a sort of wheel in its left claw, is
a scroll, inscribed —

STAT SACRiE FORTVnA DoMVS ROTA TANTA sVb VngVe ) _

qVo sVffVLta stetIt patrIa tVta VIget. / ' ^

Beneath all this are two winged children, at last on terra firma^
bearing two wheels, an armorial shield also shows two wheels ; these
words appear on scrolls —

fIt ACADEMICiE-ROTA SUA SORTIS. = 1703

I have been at some trouble to make out this fine emblematical
engraving; it presents a -curious application of chronogram dates. It
is signed thus in the comers, Wolfgang Hogler del Joann Saiver. Sc
Herbip. 1703.

1 he next tract, No. 9, is addressed to another Bishop of Wiirz-
burg, Christopher Francis, by the College of the Jesuits; the gratulations
are very fancifully treated in a series of poems, having descriptive
headings with chronograms ; I must confine my extracts to the latter.
The title-page begins thus, VOX FOFULI VOX DEI, etc. (when
the Bishop was elected) ; the date is expressed thus —

PER VoCeM popVLI DeI atqVe PATRliE eLIgebatVr. = 1724

The Bishop's family name seems to have been Hutten, and the
first poem has this heading —
propVLsIo geneaLogICa PERANrlgViE DoMVs HVTTENlANiE. = 1724

"^ Le, Julius builds, Philip dedicates the church.

FRANCONIA FLAUDENS. 477

At page 6 is Pars prima. Vox Dei.

VoX DoMInI ConCVtIentIs. Psal. xxix. 8. =1724

At page 7. Vox Ecclesiae.

VoX DILeCtI MeI pVLsantIs. Cantic v. 2. =1724

At page 8. Vox Frdnconiae.
ChrIstopuore esto MIhI parens DVX et epIsCopVs. Judith
XV. 10. =3 1724

At page 10. Vox Dei.

sis DVX popVLI MeI eLeCtI. = 1724

At page II commence three poems (Vox Franconiae), with
separate headings and chronograms —
(i.) IVbILate Deo oMnIs terra, eXVLtate et psaLLIte.

Psalm xcvi. =: 1724

sVrge a DoLore tVo atVqe ILLVMInare herbIpoLIs. = 1724
NGN aVDIetVr porro fLetVs, et CLaMor In terrIs

VestrIs. b= 1724

At page 14. Genius Franconiae.
aVrIbVs perCIpIte et aVDIte VoCeM. Isa. xxviii. 23. = 1724

eXsVrgIte psaLterIa et tVba, eDIte MeLos CiTHARiE. = 1724

At page 18 is Pars secunda. Jubilus quadripartitus.
ChrIstophgro franCIsCg ab hVtten In stgLzenberg \
reCens eLeCtg epIsCgpg s . r . I . prInCIpI herbIpgLensI, > = 1724

ET FRANCIiE GrIeNTALIs DVCI SaCeR. j

At page 19, Jubilus primus ecclesise cathedralis Herbipolensis —
ChrIstgphgrI franCIsCI a pgLg, CLerg, et pLebe eLeCtI )
s . R . I . prInCIpIs epIsCgpI herbIpgLensIs FRANCIiE > = 1724

GRIeNTALIs DVCIS PATRIS PATRliE. )

Religionem et pietatem in superos commendat —
VIn' n6sse, VnDe MeIs sgrs InfLVat InCLyta rebVs? = 1724
♦ ♦ ♦

hgC sI DVX pIetas, atqVe MagIstra, sCIes. =1724

This is followed by a Latin ode in his praise.

At page 20, Jubilus secundus civitatis Herbipolensis, quse
In ChrIstophgro franCIsCo ab hVtten In stgLzhenberg \
rsCens eLeCto epIsCopg herbIpgLensI s . r . I . prInCIpe, >= 1724
franCLe grIentaLIs DVCe aC patre patrI^e. j

iEquitas in Judiciis.
IVDICaVIt CaVsaM paVperIs. Jerem. xxil 16. = 1724

At page 21, Comitas in negotiis —
LeneM te AFFLICTiE ge^jVIt natVra, DabItqVe VrbI. = 1724

At page 21, Prudentia in condliis —
ChrIstgphgrVs sapIens In Verbg prgDVCet se IpsVM.
Ecclus. XX. 29. s= 1724

At page 23, Jubilus tertius, with chronogram as in Jubilus
secundus.

478 FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

At page 25, Jubilus quartus patriae universse, etc. —
Aureique Sseculi Vindicem decantat.

. . . TE VInDICe fessas
BT trIstes sVbIto CerneMVs sVrgere gentes. Claudian. de
ConsuL 4. Hon. = 1724

Followed by an ode to him, in which the above quotation is intro-
daced, and concluding with these lines —

VoX PATRIAE franCIsCo DEVoxIssIMiE. = 1724

♦ ♦ ♦

InnVMeros franCIsCe DIes VIVe atqVb sersnos. = 1724

♦ ♦ ♦

VIVIto, neC tVrbent tetrICa Vota DIeM. = 1724

The whole concludes with some epigrams, and these &rewell
chronograms —

VoX DeVotIssIMa CoLLbgII. = 1724

ChrIstophorVs franCIsCVs Io tot s^CVLa VIVat ) _

ARTA VnI InCoLVMIs, qVot feLIX VIXerat annos. ) "" ^'^

In the next tract, No. 10, the same Bishop Christopher Francis
(Hutten) is abundantly praised in a series of odes composed with
reference to various precious stones, the names of which are placed at
the head of the introductory words. , The arrangement of the odes is
divided into four ' contemplations.' The chronograms at the end of
the odes are mostly in the form of epigrams. The whole subject is
fancifuUy treated. The title-page commences with chronograms thus

^^™°8ed- MoNs

pretIosIs LapIDIbVs CLarVs

€t

pIe sVperbVs.
sive
epIsCopaLIs DVCaLIs, et
PRINCIPALIS CeLsItVDo .

sIngVLarIbVs VIrtVtIbVs VarIIsqVe ("" '"*S

prarogatIVIs eXornata.
In reverendissimo et celsissimo principe Domino Domino
Christophoro Francisco, etc etc (here follow his titles), given under
the symbol of a gem-bearing mountain, by the religious Muses of the
convent of St Benedict and St. Stephen at Wurzburg —

Anno et Die
qVo DIgnIssIMVs antIstes ConsbCratVs fVIt. = 1725

(No date whatever is mentioned in figures.)

On the reverse of the title-page is this motto, *OmniS
Lapis pretiosus operimentum tuum : Sardius, Topazius
et Jaspis, Chrysolithus et Onyx et Beryllus, Sapphirus
et Carbunculus et Smaragdus. Ezekiel xxviii. 13.

I-

1735

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 479

At page 2, the ' Prolusio invitatoria' ends with this date; observe
the rhyme ^ —

oCtaVa ! aLba dies, De Voto pronVba fIes, )

aLbIs et totIs perpetVanDa notIs. ' J — ^7*5

At page 7, Contemplatio prima gemmiferi montis Hutteniani, etc.
etc. Followed by a fiancifully printed eulogium to him.

At page 89 Gemma prima lASFIS. At the end is this
Epigramma.
hVttenos Canos IaspIs DesIgnat, et annos \ _

qVos gens aLta stetIt, qVa bona pLVra DeDIt. j ^'^^

At page 10, Gemma secunda, SAFFHIRUSj with ode and
epigram —

sapphIrVs beLLIs non tot CoLLVCet oCeLLIs, )

qVot Censet MIros tanta propago VIros. j "" '^*5

At page II, Gemma tertia, SMARAGDUS^ with ode and
epigram —

sIC nItet ILLVstrIs Vernante VIrore sMaragDVs, =s 172?

♦ * *

nI VI Vat pastor DIVIno ChrIsMate taCtVs? = 1725

At page 13, Contemplatio secunda, with eulogium as before, and
Gemma quarta, SARDIUS^ with ode and epigram —
sarDIVs InsIgnes toLerat De pVrpVrA et Ignes, ) _

sic zeLo CresCIt prInCeps, hoC Igne nItesCIt. j "" *'^S

At page 15, Gemma quinta, CARBUNCVLUS^ with ode and
epigram —
aVXIt se beLLIs CarbVnCVLVs VnDIqVe steLLIs, \ _

LVX, qVa CorDe Latet, prorVIt, atqVe patet. / "" '7*5

At page 17, Gemma sexta, ACHATES^ with ode and epigram —

qVI VarIIs forMIs DIVes reCreatVr aChates, = 1725

* * * ' •*

DeMonstrat VarIos et VIVos prInCIpIs aCtVs. = 1725

At page 19, Contemplatio tertia, with eulogium as before, and
Gemma septima, ADAMAS^ with ode and epigram —
NON Vrgent DVRfi sVb DIgno prInCIpe CVr«, ) _

ET fortIs Deget, prosper et Ipse reget. j "" '^^S

At page 21, Gemma octava, CHRYSOLITHUS^ with ode and
epigram —

RECTfe LIbrabIt LanCes, sIC franCIa stabIt \ _

MVLtIpLICata : rIgor ros erIt atqVe VIgor. j ''^5

At page 23, Gemma nona, MAGNES^ with ode and epigram —
EST VIs MagnetIs, soCIat sIbI ponDera ferrI, I _

VIta tVos post se reLLIgIosa trahIt. J "" ^^*S

At page 24, Contemplatio quarta, with eulogium as before, and
Gemma decima, ENYDROSy with ode and epigram —
ChrIstophorVs pLenIs est MVnIfICentIa VenIs, ) _

franCICa gens totIs hoC Lege, sCrIbe notIs. / "" ''^5

^ The same kind of rhyme (Leonine verse) occurs in most of these epigrams.

48o FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

At page 27, Gemma undecima TOPAZIUS^ with ode and
epigram —

saCrato LaCtIs vivos e peCtore rIVos )

ChrIstophorVs Manat, franCIa Lata Canat. j '' ^

At page 28, Gemma duodecima, BERYLLUS^ with ode and
epigram—
-«ternA prInCeps VIVet bonItate DeInCeps, I _ .i, -

PROSPERA ET aVa TERAT, qVI BONA MAGNA FERAT. J '*^

After this follow two pages of short stanzas in verse, by means of
which the muse declares the praises of the bishop in the form of
question and answer. The whole concludes with this farewell chrono-
gram—
ChrIstophorVs Canos patrIa foVeatVr In annos, ) _

PROSPERET ET DeGAT, qVI sInE MoRTE REGAT. ) ''^^

1 he subject of the next tract, No. 11, commences with this
chronogrammatic title-page —

LotterIa

sIVe

In forMa sCrVtInII

PER eXtraCtas sortes / ''*9

rIte ET CanonICe faCta
eLeCtIo.
(When the most reverend and exalted Prince of the Holy Roman
Empire [s.r.i.], Fridericus Carolus became Bishop of Bamberg,
at the date given as follows) —

sVb festo sT feLICIs DIe XVIII. MaII anno Labente. = 1729
LotterIaM sic InstrVente et sVb seqVente orDIne ) _

PER SORTES eXpLaNANTE J "" ^'^^

Thoma Josepho Kahles, Jud. Civ. Assess. Advoc et Procur.

Ordinario Herbipolensi.

[No date is mentioned otherwise than by chronogram.]

The preface concludes with this chronogram —
tV DeVs oMnIpotens CceptIs nVnC InnVe VotIs! s= 1729

.... tVqVe o DVbIIs neC DefICe rebVs DIVa parens. = 1729
Virg. Mneid. vL 196, 197.

It is impossible to explain here the ' Lotteries,' without transcrib-
ing and translating the whole of the fifty-seven pages ; the schemes or
calculations represented are very complex and extremely curious;
they are intermixed with the laudatory odes, and accompanied
with cabalas, epigrams, anagrams, logogryphs, and other quaint con-
ceits in the most ingenious manner, and a good many chronograms,
which would lose much of their point by separation from the
text Some of the chronograms are remarkable for being put in the
form of logogryphs. The task of explaining the contents of this tract
would be second only to the labour of composing it ; I am obliged

FRANCONIA FLAUDENS.

therefore to give extracts only, and abandon any attempt to explain
them.

At page 14, an ode about the Bishop Frideric and the Lion of
Judah concludes with this hexameter logogryph chronogram —

481

VeL

VIgILanDo sat VngV fo

E VebIs

ET DVLCIOR FA

Id M

SA
ARTE GATVs.

lo In

saLM
Leo onIs

aVt saMs sVaVI

At page 16 is another —
L Leo pL

ornatV aVrI aVDe

qVe Leo g

At page i9i after an ode in German and Latin alternate lines

ASTRiKA N IV GR

atVs sta DeX CaroLe egIs.
A neMesI opt VIn L

At page 20, alluding to Justice and Law —
DabIs Deo, QViE DeI sVnt, atqVe C/£SarI, qVa CiESARls sVnt.=

At page 24, after a curiously composed page of Latin —
VnVs qVI nobIs CVnCtanDo restItVIs reM.

Virg. /Efuid. vL 846.
phoenIX InMVLtos CaroLe VIVe DIes.

At page 31 an address in hexameter verse is followed by —

CHORUS.

frIDerICe qVI tV prInCeps \

V
V
V-

1729

= 1729
= 1729

qVIqVe nostra LVX DeInCeps
nobIs natVs sVrgIs phcebVs
aVthor gratVs ferens rebVs

sVos WLtVs sVos CVLtVs,
NoWs soL eXorerIs.
qVI tV CceLI Inter astra
Leo syDVs ponens Castra
LargIores spargIs rores
atqVe LVCIs Dans faVores

noVo aVsV noVo pLaVsV
spIrItVs resVsCItas:
qVI tV rIWs Vt VIrtVtIs
frIDerICe fons saLVtIs
Inter sIrIos CaLores
PER sVDoRES aC Labores

artVs fessos CVrIs pressos
aqVA VIt^ refICIs
qVI tV VeLVt pastor bonVs
VeLVt tVtor et patronVs
peLLIs LVpos hostes gregIs
epIsCopaLI peDo regIs

ET qVIetA sVb DliETA

reCreas oVICVLas:

>=i

frIDerICe qVI atLantIs
fortIs VICes, qVI gIgantIs
traCtas onVs soLVs VnVs
ET LabentIs CaVes fVnVs
Vt proteCtor sICVt heCtor

FRANCICiE PROVlNCIiE.

ChLorIs nostra qVas rVInas'
DeCoqVentes per prVInas
PASSA sVb fVrente aVstro
frIDerICe IVgI pLaVstro

VI teneLLI tV fLabeLLI
zephYrVs^ restItVIs.
lo noVo soLe nIte
pLVs In anno apoLLo rIDe
Id fons saLVtIs saLIs
pastor bonA spe nos aLIs

atLas stabIs zephYr^ fLabIs
frIDerICe CaroLe.
o TER sanCta faXIt trIas
s-fiPE IVbIL^Vs fIas

NESTOR ANNOS AGE SANVs

feLIX /eVo phcenIX CanVs

lo REGAS lO LeGAS

SiECVLoRVM SiECVLA.

^ The letter Y counts as il = 2.
3P

483 FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

At page 51 are some verses in German with this heading —
AS COLIT ASTRA,
and an engraving of a six-pointed star, having in the centre a large
letter O, enclosing a sort of heraldic lion carrymg a flag ; along the
margins of each point of the star are the words of a prayer, twelve
lines in all, to which the O serves as the initial letter \ each point of
the star is formed by the letter A, which serves as the final letter of
each line of the prayer. At the foot of the engraving is this Leonine
hexameter and pentameter chronogram —

VeXILLo eXCVLtVs, qVoqVe trIno Vt VertICb fVLtVs )
tenDas victor e6 sCanDe sVb astra Leo. ] ^'^^

This tract concludes at pages 56 and 57, with a compliment to the
bishop, expressed in two Latin lines, on which are founded a Cabala
of the year; the author appends his signature, etc., in the words at
die foot of the title-page alread> transcribed (at page 480), but here
they form a double chronogram —

DeVotIssIMVs serWs et CLIens tho IosephVs kahLes: = 1729
IVD . CIV . assessor aDVo . et proCVrator orDInarIVs. = 1729

1 ract Na 12 is a panegyric on Bishop Lotharius Franciscus of
Mentz, of the noble family of Schonbom-Bucheim, by the College of
the Jesuits at Mentz (Mayence). The title-page commences, * VERA
NOBILITAS illustrissimse domus sacri Romani imperii comitum
de Schonbom-Buchem sermone panegyrico celebrata, et lapidibus
gentilitiis incisa,' etc. etc.

A memoir occupies thirty-six pages, then commences a series of
odes addressed to Bishops Lotharius Francis and Frideric Charles,
under the subjoined headings, commencing and ending with chrono-
grams, which are mostly quotations from the Bible, or from classic
writers. There is no pagination to this portion of the tract I must
omit the eulogistic odes, as well as their literal headings.

Pars prima. Lapidis I. Inscriptio I. On the good name of the
illustrious family, Schonbom —
FONS aqVarVM, CVIVs non DefICIent AQViE. Isai. IviiL 11. = 1728

At the end, Chrono-Distichon —
CLarIs CLara nItent, et pVLChro fonte rIgarI > _ g

pVLChrVM est, sI properIs ILLe perennet aqVIs. J -'

Lapidis I. Inscriptio II. Qn the antiquity of the family —
qVasI CeDrVs eXaLtata sVM In LIbano. Ecclus. xxiv. 13. = 1728

At the end, Chrono-Distichon —
CresCe per aLta CeDrVs, sVpernat ast nVbILa fronDes \ __ «

SCHONBORNiE StIrpIs, NEC CapVt ASTRA TEGVnT. J '

Lapidis I. Inscriptio III. The family is renowned, 'togi et
sago insignis ' —

VIrtVtIs est DoMare, qVa CVnCtI paVent. Seneca in Here,
fur. ss 1728

lyaS

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. ^^^

These chronogram lines appear at intervals in the ode —
CaDenteM eXCepI foVIqVe sInV. Stat Sylv. JL i. Ode 2. = 1728
hILarI per Castra tVMVLtV VaDIt oVans. StaL Theb. Z. 8. = 1728
Inter LaVrIgeros aLVerVnt Castra trIVMphos arDVa.
Claudian. . = 1728

And at the end, Chrono-Distichon —
prIsCa fIDes et prIsCVs hongs heroICa res est, ) «

aC preCII ponDVs VIVa seneCta faCIt. J '

Pars secunda. Lapidis II. Inscriptio I. On the deeds done by
he bishop for the glory of God —

qVIa oMnes gentes VenIent, et aDorabVnt In ConspeCtV 1 ^ g
tVo. / '

At the end, Chrono-Distichon —
tres LapIDes trInasVe petras CVr sIgna LotharI ) _ ^ g

pIngVnt? hIs peDIbVs stabat aperta fIDes. J '

Lapidis II. Inscriptio II. His deeds done for the Empire—
CVnCta VIDebIs MItIa, sI VIres fregerIt Ira sVas. )
Ovid. Z. I. Trist EL i. J

At the end, Chrono-Distichon —
Casareos InterqVe tVos sChoneborna propago ) _ j^^g

MVtWs egIt honos . fers : Data et Iste refert. j '

Lapidis 11. Inscriptio III. His deeds done for his country —
qVonIaM DeXtera sVa teget eos et In braChIo sanCto
sVo. =1728

This line occurs in the ode —
InCVstoDItVM raptat oVILe LVpVs. Ovid. L. i. Trist El. 5.= 1728
And further on are these lines —

Cesset nunc Venusinas Vates querulas voces vendere :
VastaqVe, gV-fi neMo VInDICet, arVa IaCent. = 1728

Ovid. JL i.de Fonto, El. 15.

Lotharius Francisctis. Sol illustrisstmus.

And at the end, Chrono-Distichon —
aXe beante botros, orIens franCIsCe beAstI ) ^ «

InDIgenas, MaIor sors orItVre tVIs. / '

Pars tertia consists of panegyrical odes addressed to Bishop
Frideric Charles.

Lapidis III. Inscriptio I. His auspices —
nVnqVID eLeVabIs In nebVLa VoCeM? Job zxzviii. 34. = 1728

These lines occur at intervals —

Fridericus Carolus.
Sanguine, fortuni
et prima nVLLI VIrtVte seCVnDVs. = 1728

OlTendere nullibi poterat. Quia Ducem habebant virtutem,

ET A seDVCtorIbVs tVtaVIt ILLVM. Wisdom x. 12. = 1728
Last line —
CVIVs partICIpatIo eIVs In IDIpsVM. Ps. cxxi. 3. =1728

484 FRANCO NIA PLAUDENS.

Chrono-Distichon*
obstVpeo! CVr LIngVa CoLat tot CaroLe LIngVas?

ET Verbo aC faCto non minor esse potes. = 1728

Lapidis III. Inscripdo II. An encomium —
qVonIaM DIgnos se Ipsa CIrCVIt qV^rens et In VIIs. = 1728

This line occurs —
pars a Me VIX DICItVr VLLa. Ovid. Heroic Ep. 16. = 1728

At the end, Chrono-Distichon —

ARA PARAT, SVpPONIt HONOS, SAPIeNTIa IVngIt ) _ g

franCIsCo CaroLVM : sIC BENfe IVnCta pLaCent. ) '

Lapidis III. Inscriptio III. 'Epinicion, sive plausus gratula-
tonus.'

tVnC aCCeptabIs saCrIfICIVM IVstItIa obLatIones et ) ^ g

hoLoCaVsta. Ps. li. 19. J

This applause concludes the subject, and the tract terminates
thus —

Chrono-Distichon.

sChonborno nVnC agnVs aMas habItare LeonI: ) _ ^ g

hVnC parIter saCro ConseCrat VngVe Leo. / '

Votum Chrono-Logicum.

CaroLe LongInqVos In sIDera tenDe per annos : ) ^ ^ g

SANO, qVo patrWs, tV peDe perge nepos. j '

Tract No. 13 bears this title —

aVtVMnVs LiETVs ) _

Deo faVente franConIs affLVens. / '^

Sive
herbIpoLIs trIVMphans aDVenIente patre sVo

Lata Canens: }»= 1731

VIVe pater patrIa.
e
fertILI VIta CaroLI VInDeMIa Was bonas ) _

asserVans,^ etc etc. / '^

(A congratulation, under the figure of a vintage, addressed to the
before-mentioned Prince-bishop Charles Frideric, etc. etc., and dated) —
ANNO qVo nVLLI tVrbabant paCIs oDores ) _

gVstaVI, et pIetas DeDerat pIetatIs honores. J '^

There is also a beautifully engraved frontispiece, crowded with
devices, representing chiefly the glorification of the ^ Corpus Christi'
at a jubilee in 1730, at the Cadiedral of Wiirzbuig. The dedication
concludes thus, Dei cedat gloriam. Lege et Vive —
ET qVI nVnC prInCeps sensVs pIA Vota VIDentI est, Is ) ,^^
Maneat. Virg. / "" ^'^^

^ This line is cropped by the bookbinder.

FRANCONICA PLAUDENS.

48s

frVCtVosIs CbLsa CLIVIs,
reCVrsIqVe LeCta rIVIs
IrrIgVIs sic L^TA, LaVrIs,
DIssonIsqVe Chara CaVrIs
EN sCena VIVIt aVrea.

RORAT aVra nVnC FAVoRES,

InfLat VentVs nVnC Lepores,
CIVILIbVs In theatrIs
VInea, CaMpIsqVe stratIs
sVrgIt nVnC VIta aVrea.
CharItes et hVC sorores,
atqVe VIVI Vos VIrores,
RHEA hVC VosqVe faVnI belli
oDIosA nVnC reVeLLI
L^tIVs Debent trIstIbVs.

Applausus
Vive Pater Patria.

VenI CharIs pater VIneIs
M serI fatI VIVe tIneIs
;2 SECVRfe, qVI DeInCeps
•^ CharIs VIVes DIVes prInCeps
ORE, WLtV aC gestIbVs. j

neC ^oLVs posthaC LIqVesCetN
„ bLanDe ^ther hIC nItesCet

ORIeNTVr NEOSTELLiE

reLVCebVnt sorte beLLb
noCtIs atr^ nesCIa.
VIVe prInCeps VIVe DIgne
M ILLInC sortes nIgras LInqVe.
= [2 VIneas nVnC VIsIstI Latas
^ *atqVe rVra nVnC DIatas

— t>»

- -5 to

v=: to

. — to

tIbI QV-fiRE sIngVLas. J

After this are several compositions, from l to vi., each under the
heading ' Terminus VindemiaUs,' not containing chronograms. They
are nevertheless exceedingly quaint and eccentric, and incapable of
being sufficiently describ^. Passing on we arrive at some curious
logogryph chronograms, under the title of—

Terminus Vindemialis vii.
sive
Populus universus Patri Familias suo, Reverendissimo et celsissimo
Prindpi Domino, Domino suo clementissimo Friderico Carolo praster
optatissima vitae gaudia, prosperitatemque, annorum seriem Longis-
simam affectu humillimo ac Devotissimo apprecatur.
CaroLeIo t CoLo LVCe ren

aLI IbI sVaVJ: atVM, J^= 1731

sic genIo aqV te Canto be

« « «

Vepres aC D febres De Corp V

Vras. ore eLLas. )-= 1 73 1

neCnon has C tranqVILLo eXpeCt p

« « «

VIrga Iess noVIter pro M VIr

E£ orb esCas. }*= 1 73 1

ET IerIChVnt Verno ROSA oD sen

« « «

CoLLesqVb art DeIn Lata ttiIp fL

aVnI VDIa eCtant. \^ 1731

syLVICqLa f . VenatICa ga n

♦ ♦ ♦
LVstra IthaCea r stabILIs tV Con s

EGAS sCIa ortIs \^ 1 73 1

saCVLa Cana L fVrtIVa ne M

♦ ♦ ♦

486

NON £

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

soLa

Car

MiNA VXI.

Leth rIVo

EO
rIVo AST PHCEB FESTI pIa

« « «

Cum acclamatione
beneDICant rores et prVIna, geLV et frIgVs, I _

gLaCIes et nIVes, noCtes et DIes, VaLLes et CoLLes. ]
♦ ♦ ♦

sIMVL aVe et faVe reDVX CaroLe. =

« « ♦

[The author's name.]
DIXI loANNES georgIVs konIg, CLIens InfIM^i
regIs: InarVIs, Log. herb.

The title-page of tract No. i6 commences, ^ SIDUS JULIUM
post saeculi integri decurstun in ccelo Franconico sub cruce Ingelheim-
iana gloriosissime denuo refiilgens, quando,' etc. etc [When Ansel-
mus Franciscus of the ancient family of echter. Counts of Ingelheim,
was made Bishop of Wiirzburg.] And it is thus dated — ^Anno quo
franConICo Labaro pVLCHRk CrVX aDDItVr ; hostes I _
VInCet In hoC sIgno patrIa tVta sVos. J

Eulogistic addresses and odes by the College of the Jesuits at
WUrzbuig. Towards the end this one occurs, Inscriptio epidictica et
prognostica e principis Ansebni Francisci vita; and this chronogram
at its conclusion —
DIV ConserVent te faVentes patrLs sVpbrI, a qVIbVs I _

TERFAVsTiE FRANCIDI DatVS ES. J

teqVe fIDeLes tVI franCones, qVTbVs a sVperIs DatVs \ _
ES, VsqVe DILIgant. j

Votum urbis etpatria.

i73»

1731
1731

1731

1746

TER FELIX

fortVnata franConIa!

HoC sVb DVCe, et Chard

prInCIpe,

reDeVnt aVrea tIbI

SiECVLA

fortVnato

IVLII eChterI

ortV

A fortVna sVperIsqVe*

anseLMVs nobIs sponDebatVr j

obIt Iste'
MerItIs DIVes; a nepotb

POSTEA ILLVstrIor.
fortVnata IgItVr oMnIa '
poLLICearIs tIbI patrIa!
sCILICet

VIrtVtIs IVLII HARES

franCIsCVs est.

Castor

si nobIs IVLIVs erat,

POLLVX

est nVnC franCon1«

anseLMVs franCIsCVs.

>= t^

^ An abbreviatioii for 'infimus.'

* Julius Episcopus natus die 21 April, festo S. AnsdmL

* Indicat annum 161 7, quo pi^ obut Julius Episcopus.

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

487

BENE IgItVr sentIt herbIpoLIs^ \

eX tot fratrIbVs ( _

prIMogenIto DebetVr X

Corona. )

Corona seneCtVtIs, gLorIa, S

QViE I

In peDo pastoraLI et DVCaLI ! "§.

franCIsCo [pILeo X S*

eX VrbIs et patrLe Voto I

obtIgIt. /

Cape ergo peDVM pr-«sVL,

In qVo VnIonIs Instar ' ^-

fVLgebIt

VIrtVs tVa.

HOC ^

pasCe oVes tVas, pIos sVbDItos

tVos,

neqVe tanto sVb pastore

ab hostIbVs qVIs tIMebIt.

eCCe CrVCeM sCVtI tVI :

VnIVersos hostes tVos nostros-

qVe
In hoC sIgno VInCes.
I ergo faMa
et eX franConIa aVspICata

EVROPiE VnIVeRSA

gaVDIa annVntIa.

LiETARE GERManIa

trIVMphet eCCLesIa

QViE

fortI sVper fVLCro

neo-epIsCopo nostro

TVTk atqVe SECVRi

reqVIesCIt.

LiETETVR ChARA FRANConIa, \

CVIVs proVInCIas
anseLMVs franCIsCVs >=
VERifc pater patrLe
gVbernat.

tV Ver6 CoeLI TERRiEQVE ReCtOR'^

DeVs!

CVnCto popVLo tVo

prInCIpI nostro proVIDebIs.

serVa PRiEsVLEM DIV

CVIVs sortI

InnIXa STAT patrIa saLVs.

1-?

DVX ET prInCeps
VIrIbVs et aVXILIo

POTENS.

LaboraVIt In VInea sVa \

PRO gLorIa tVa I

*^ DIgna IgItVr tanto operarIo \

X; MerCes j

obVenIat I

VITA PROSPERA, et ANNIs VCi.Y'BXtK.J

HoC VoVet CLerVs.

HoC preCatVr CIVes,

VotoqVe VnanIMI

soLICItat patrIa.

1-^

VIVat

anseLMVs franCIsCVs

epIsCopVs

eCCLesI^ VVIrCebVrgensIs.

Thus the adulation ceases, and the tract ends.

= 1746

1 he next tract. No. 17, has a title-page in German; the book-
binder has cropped off the leading words of it The subject is an
address, etc. etc., to the same Bishop Franciscus Anselmus, to whom
the foregoing tract. No. 16, applies, and it contams the following
chronograms concerning him, which were inscribed on a triumphal

* Denotat annum 1683, quo natus est ceUassimos. Piinceps noster inter norem Fratres
nattt major, et in Ecdes. Cath. Wiroeb. Canon. Jubibens.

488

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS,

Structure put up in a garden, and represented in a large folding

engraving —

lo VIVat anseLMVs franCIsCVs, orIentaLIs franCI-« \ _

prInCeps aC epIsCopVs, VrbIs et totIVs patrI« pater 1 J

IVLIVs reDIVIWs ^ternVM nobIs VIVat aC fLoreat I

IVLIVs eX eChterIana prosapIa natVs prInCeps In

anseLMo franCIsCo ab eChtera parIter stIrpe prognato

reVIVIsCens.

eXsVperans VnVs VestIgIa prIsCa sVorVM sCakDIt ) ^

honorIs Iter. j

MVLta FlLIiE CongregaVerVnt DIVItIas, tV sVpergressa

Es VnIVersas. Proverbiorum xxxL 29.

pInXIt honor, DeVoVIt aMor, LatosqVe CoLores VIrtVs

InVenIt. =

qVI VIDet hVnC, VIDet ora DVCIs sVaVIsqVe parentIs, =

HiEC VoVet herbIpoLIs, popVLVs, VoVItq : senatVs

HoC saCra franCIsCo MVnere franCIs erIt.
qVas aVtVMnVs opes totI CongresserIt VrbI,

ET QViE PER PATRliE FRANCIDoS ARVa VIgENT :

RfiC Vt prIMItIas 'prInCeps franCIsCe teneto,
pLVs nIhIL eXIgIto : Cor qVoqVe CIVIs habes.

MVLt/e SiEPE CrVCes aLIenA LVCe nItesCant;
IsTA EST CrVX pretIo nobILIs Vna sVo.

E trIbVs trIpLeX neXVs DIffICILe rVMpItVr,

VERi: eXtat SiECVLVM IVLII reDIVIVI.

qVot tIbI DeVotIs gratans Vrbs IgnIbVs arsIt,
VoTA tot VrbIs habes MVLtIpLICata tIbI.

The next tract, No. 18, is intituled, ^ IGNES FESTIVIttv^x^A-
issimo ac celsissimo Sacri Romani Imperii Prmcipi ac Domino
Domino Anselmo Francisco episcopo Herbipolensi,' etc. etc. (name
and titles as in No. 16, on his most fortunate election on the 29th of
August), Anno

testIfICata pIos qVo festIs IgnIbVs Ignes ) _

VMbras herbIpoLIs DIspVLIt aXe sVo. /

Ab hospitalis julio-principalis devotissimo amore accensL
A descriptive catalogue is given of the public decorations displayed
on the occasion ; among them are these chronograms —
IVLIVs faVsto pareLIo In anseLMo franCIsCo
ConsentIentIbVs sVffragIIs eLeCto prInCIpe noVo

REPRiESENTATVs.

VIVat, Io! anseLMVs faVstos franCIsCVs In annos,
eLeCtVs prInCeps, franConLeqVe CapVt.
The remainder of the tract is laudatory but not chronogrammatic.

1746
1746

1746

= 1746

1746
1746

1746
1746
1746

1746

1746
1746

1746

a= 1746
= 1746

«♦«♦♦«♦♦♦♦♦♦♦««♦«♦«

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 489

1 he next tract. No 19, has a finely engraved portrait of the same
last-mentioned Bishop, and bears this title, ' CRUXETANNULUS
illustrissimae familiae Ingelhemianse pretiosa dos,' etc. etc. (addresses,
etc., relating to the same Bishop Anselmus Franciscus, by the College
of the Jesuits at Wiirzburg) — ^Anno quo
anseLMo IVnXIt se sponsa eCCLesIaj sanCtI ConnVbII> _

SPONSA CrVX VenIt ARRHA SACRiE. J"" '^^7

Dominic^ Festum S. Bartholomaei insequente, quse fuit vigesima
septima AugustL

There are several pages of epigrams and odes, but no further
chronograms.

The title of the next tract, No. 20, commences * FELICITAS
FRANCONIA;* it relates to Bishop Carolus Philippus Henricus of
Wiirzburg, one of the ancient family of Greiffenclau, and bears date.
Anno quo
franConIA gaVDente noWs DabIt aVrea PRiEsVL

s/eCVLa greIffCLaVIa s-fiCVLA VeCta rotA, = 1749

Applaudentibus musis devotissimi CoUegii S.J. Wirceburgi.

It is not otherwise dated. The contents are very simUar to those
of No. 19, and are without chronograms. The date indicated by the
above cluronogram is confirmed by an epigram on the last page,
addressed to the Bishop ' In annum electionis, 1749.'

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

1 he next tract. No. 21, is addressed to the last-mentioned bishop,
and is intituled —
prIMVLje Vern^ eX horto bon^ VoLVntatIs gratVLantIs \

PARVo FASCICVLo CoLLECXiE ET PRiESENXAXiE. QUANDO, > == 1 749

etc. etc )

(When he was elected by unanimous vote.) A servorum infimo et
devotissimo Jacobo Wolff No other date is mentioned.

A poetic composition is addressed to him with this heading —
Epos intercipit oratorem.
sVrgax nesxoreos xer ab aXs phILIppVs In annos ) __

EX beneDICaxVr sVb xeMpora pVra LeVaxVs. j '^^

And the last page (12) concludes thus —
aLas nVLLa xVas nIgrenx faxa aVree gryphe ) _

iEDlBVs In sVperIs LVX xVa seMper eax. j '^^

Tract No. 22 is a further congratulation to the same bishop on
his consecration. The title is, VIRTUS RADIIS SIBI CON-
GENITIS LOCUPLETA : non uni semuU soli varios per polos

490 FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

versata : etc etc. Accinentibus Musis Krenzerianis diu sospitis, nunc
vehementii gaudii rursus excitatis Anno quo —

GRYPHS, REGNANS PATRliE DVX, MOESTO pVLVeRE TERSO, 1 _ xiJLtk
LiETlxIiE PONTES eXCItAT VngVe POTENS. ] *^^

There are several odes and epigrams on the subject of various
virtues,* among which the following chronograms occur —
CaroLVs phILIppVs henrICVs DeI gratIA epIsCopVsI
herbIpoLensIs, s. r- I. prInCeps, DVX franCI^ orIentaLIs > = i749

ET PATER PATRLe. j

VIVat qVI erIt DVX MagnVs In popVLo sVo eLeCto. = 1749
aVgebVntVr oDores VngVentorVM eX CIVItate ab herbIs
speCIosA. = 1749

Loquitur Jupiter per duo Chronosticha :
DeCVs, qVoD VarIIs eX CaVsIs DIffertVr, non aVffertVr.= 1749
tV Long/eWs reges popVLVM DeI In perpetVA paCe, ) _

SVaVItATE ET iEQVlTATE. j '^^

Motto. — Spiritus vitse erat in rotis. Ecclesiasticus L 21.
Epigramma.
Verte rotas fortVna! DeI sI spIrItVs Vrget; I _

aD D^Vs eXtoLLes regnaqVe faVsta gryphes. j '^^

Motto. — Jiu-ejurando dedit illi gloriam in gente sui. Ecclus. xliv. 22.

Epigramma.
ornaVI qVatVor^ faVstas sI qVanDo Coronas ) __

bIs seX gestArVnt, pLVs Dea Larga DabIt. ^ j '^^

Motto. — Leo et ovis simul morabuntur. Isaiah xi 6.
Epigramma.
pennatVs Leo DVX est, roborIs eXVLet horror: J _

LenI MotV Iras aLa benIgna fVgat. j '^^

Motto — Adorabunt vestigia pedum tuorum omnes, qui detiahe-
bant tibi. Isaiah xl. 14.

Epigramma.

POSTHVMVs eXtAT oDoR. GRVPHS per VeSTIgIa PRiESENS 1 _

herbIpoLIqVe faVet, perpetVoqVe pLaCet, j '^^

Repra&sentabat rursus Gryphem coroni redimitum, utpote summura
patriae Caput : Cor verb suum gestabat patulum subditis.
Motto — Dulcis et rectus Dominus. Psalm xxv. 8.

Epigramma.
Proponens Patriae dubium, num Gryphs Carolinus Caput potius
Ducat^s, qukm Cor appellandum sit

gryphs CapVt, ANNE CoR EST? statVes VIX patrIa Lata. ) _
DVLCIs reCtVsqVe est. InDeCor et CapVt est. / "" '^^

Motto — Quis mihi tribuat, lit ego moriar pro te ? 2 Sam. xviiL 33.
Epigramma.
His VItIs eXtIngVo sItIM. fera parCa qVIesCe 1 I ^ *

non obsIt nostro DeXtera s-cVe gryphI. / ^'^^

^ And playfiil allusions to his name Griefenbuvigr, and Griphus s= a net, or enigma.
> Two of Uie family were archbishops, and two others were bishops.

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 491

Votum finale.

ESSE tWs serWs sors est Mea tota phILIppe. I

Die Vno Verbo: sIt. VoLo. faVstVs ero. J " ^'^^

1 ract No. 25. ^ EPIPHANIA in novo anno nova, ter gloriosa,
Franconise felicitatis prodroma, quando, eta etc. (When Adamus
Fridericus Josephus Maria, of the ancient ^unily of Seinsheim, was
unanimously elected Bishop of Wiirzburg.) Anno quo,
faVsta apparItIoI qVa franCIDos aXe noVato ) _

seInsheMII trIpLeX gLorIa VIsa fVIt. J ^'55

Applaudentibus devotissimis Musis CoUegii S. J. Wirceburgi The
subject, occupying 52 pages, is a series of chronogram-epigrams, each
followed by an ode in praise of the Bishop, which I omit

Epigramma in gloriam Adami Fridenci- ab antiquitate generis sui
mirb lUustrati —

aVget sI pretIVM generI eXqVIsIta VetVstas; 1 _

PRiE frIDerICo qVIs speCIosVs erIt? J '^^

Epigramma in gloriam Neo-Principis a virtute majorum suorum
quam in se repraesentat, exomati —

reX aLes pVLLos, CatVLosqVe Leo eDVCat iEgVos: 1 _
LeCtA stIrpe satVs qVIs frIDerICVs erIt. | '^^

Epigramma in gloriam Neo-Principis magno ab illustrissimis
parentibus spiritu imbuti —

CaVsa DVpLeX perfeCta noVI Chara ora frIDerICI T_^
prInCIpIs effInXIt: prasVL hIC ergo bonVs. J '^^

Epigramma in virtutem Neo-Principis a tenera setate efflorescen-
tem, boni regiminis prodromum —

reCtVs es In tenerA, noVe DVX eLeCte, IWenta! > _
sic reCtVs franCIs reCtor aDVLtVs erIs. j "" ^'^^

Epigramma in triplicem Neo-Principis probitatem tribus aigenteis
palis designatam, et praesagam auspicati regiminis —
franCIDos EGA feLIX statVs VsqVe perennat: 1 _

serVat eaM trIpLeX non rVItVra basIs, ) '^^

Epigramma in virtutem Adami Friderici semper ulterius pro-
gtedientem —

VLterIVs VIrtVs tenDebat PRiEsVLIs VsqVe : 1= t^cc

eX iEQVo Ioseph^ noMen hIC ergo tenet. > '55

Epigramma in virtutem Adami Friderici patriae felicitatem in
dignitatibus politicis suffulcientis et gloriam illustrantis —
patrIa terra! tIbI qVIs DVX, en I VenIt ab aXe! 1

IsTE tIbI basIs est, franCIDos atqVe DeCVs. f '^^

Joseph, quod est tertittm reverendissimi ac celsissimi Neo-Principis nomen, idem est
ac argumentum sive cresoens.

492 FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

Epigrararoa in gloriam Adami Friderici variis ante Episcopatum
dignitatibus ecclesiasticis ornati —

gLorIa VIrtVtIs soCIa est: VIrtVte nItentI I

seInsheMIo aVreoLas gratVs aDaVXIt honos. j '^^

Epigramma in dignitates episcopalem et ducalem Adami Friderici^
et earundem omen —

VtRAQVE Vis TOTA EST FRIDerICI : Is PASTOR egentes J ^

pasCet: Is IgnarIs DVX qVoqVe fIDVs erIt. [ "" '^^

The laudation of the Bishop is wound up by the following : —
*Sylloge ter gloriosae epiphaniae. Triplex gloria Adami Friderici
Josephi Mariae triplex Franconia felicitatis fundamentum —

SiSTE

EOA franCIa;
qVje noVa In noVo anno epIphanI-« CeLebras festa,

qVaNTA CaVsA LiETlTiA . _

NOVa ET TER gLorIoSA ' '"

i?AmlM ESSE Debeat
epIphanIa,
aLtIVs nonnIhIL, LstansqVe ConsIDera I
Ecce !
Novi luce apparet tibi Gloriosissimus,
Qui semper Gloriosus apparuit:
Oritur designatus in festo Virginis sine labe conceptas,
Ut EA Auspice Princeps conceptus videatur, etc. etc.
It continues in a vein of extravagant flattery, and thus con-
cludes—

trIpVDIa ItaqVe, et eXVLta,

TER fortVnata franConIa !

In noVo tIbI apparente festo )►= 1755

sIngVLarIter

trIVMpha I

Nam inter plausus et jubila

epIphanIa seInsheIMIa ]

EST V= I7SS

ConCeLebranDa. )

Preces simul et vota jungantur :
ADAM US FRIDERICUS JOSEPHUS MARIA
Episcopus Herbipolensis et Franciae Orientalis Dux

feLICI franCIDIs oMIne. = 1755

Neo-electus vivat
I)VX NoWs apparens patrIIs frIDerICVs In orIs )

VIVat, Io! Canos et sIne nVbe DIes ! | — »755

Tract No. 28 is intituled VIRGA AARONIS, is an address to
the same Bishop Adamus Fridericus, dated only by this chronogram
on the back of the title-page —

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 493

sensheMII aVgentVr, VIrIDIs propagIne VlROiE I _

paLI : qVos pVLCher tons VegetaVIt aqVIs. J ^'^^

At page 25 a paragraph thus commences —

CresCe aD MVLtos = 1755

annos acclamamus 1
And at page 64 we arrive at the conclusion without meeting with
any further chronograms.

1 ract No. 29 continues the praises of the same Bishop Adamus
Fridericus ; it is intituled, TRIUMPHUS HONORIS a Virtute et
scientia in perpetuum glorise ac laudis immortalis monumentum
adomatus quando, etc. etc. (when he was consecrated with solemn
pomp). It bears this date — Anno quo

bIs trIbVs a fVLCrIs, Vt sInt proCVL VsqVe perICLa* I
pIXa fVIt MoLes, franCICa terra ! tIbL J '^^

A triumphal arch bore this inscription —
frIDerICo epIsCopo neo-InItIato prInCIpI WIrCe-]
bVrgensI franCI-« orIentaLIs DVCI VNlVsRSiE patrLe>=s 1755
patrI fortIqVe atLantI. j

Other decorative structures were placed in the streets, with statues,
inscribed —
Prudence.

frIDerICVs, QViE faCta prIVs, VentVraqVe CernIt, 1
hInC tIbI DVLCIs erIt, franCIa faVstaI saLVs. / "" ^'55
Justice.

ASTRiEiE CVLtOR PRInCePS BENE sIngVLa LanCe, )

et popVLo trIbVet IVs CVICVnqVe sVVM. / ^ ^'55

Temperance.

qVaM feLIX frIDrICVs erIt noVa fr«na gVbernans ? 1
His Iras LeVIor qVI regIt Ipse sVas. j *^ ^'55

Fortitude.

IMPERII popVLIqVe sVI, patrI/eqVe frIDrICVs 1

atLas VsqVe fVIt, par erIt atqVe nepos. / "" ''^S

The description of the rest of the decorations concludes thus —
IVLIa gens arCVM tIbI DesIgnaVIt honorIs; )

aXIs oVatVro IVsta braVIa Lsget. j — »755

Tract No. 30, DIES DESPONSATIONIS et laetitia cordis
(Canticles iii. 11) quando (when the same Bishop received the insignia
of office in the cathedral of Wiirzburg), is dated Die 15 Junii
qVa sponsVM frIDerICe sIbI tVa sponsa petIVIt, J

neXaqVe VIrgo Pit franCIs eoa fVIt. J '^5

* This word comes at the end of a line, and has been cropped dose by the German
bookbinder.

494

FRAN com A PLAUDENS.

kt")

And this is on the back of the title-page —
tVLIt IgItVr oLeVM, et fVnDens sVper CapVt eIVs VnXIt. =
Leviticus viii. 12.

The dedication by the authors is thus subscribed —
In eXoptatA tVa ConseCratIonIs DIe VoVet
gratVLantVr DeVota tIbI eCCLesIa CoLLegIata
haVgIs.

The church of Haugen was decorated on the outside with statues,
eta, and chronogram inscriptions were used —
frIDerICVs pater aC DVX franConI^e In IanVarIo
CreatVs, epIsCopVs In IVnIo ConseCratV&
OS pII nostrI MeLChIseDeChI.

This was inscribed on a column —
VIVente frIDerICo antIstIte, Vt InnIXa basI xVTiE
franConVM prosperItas fVtVra est perennIs.
VeLVtI CoLVMna sVffVLta saXIs stabIt, aC VIgebIt
feLICItas, et saLVs FRANCIiE orIentaLIs.

On a statue of Vigilance, with quotation from 2 Tim, iv. 5—
noCte DIeqVe VIgIL, pIVs eXtas argVs oVILI
A SiEVIsqVE ferIs protegIs Ipse gregeM.

On a statue of Fortitude, with quotation from i Sam. xviL 35 —
fortIter eXVrgens Vrsos, VIVosqVe Leones
arCebIs gregIbVs PRiEsVL aDaMe tVIs.

A statue of Zeal, with quotation from i Peter v. 2 —
qVIppe greges, qVI forMa gregIs, CVstoDIt In agrIs
eXqVIrIt gregIbVs pasCVa grata sVIs.

A statue of Prudence, with quotation from i Kings iv. 29 —
regIs Verba probat popVLVs, probat atqVe statVta;
Verba frIDerICI VoX saLoMonIs erVnt.

Many of the statues had no chronogram inscriptions ; the tract
ends widi these words —

Hoc posuit monumentum ecclesia coUegiata in Haugis —

tempore ConseCratIonIs (Numbers vL) \

et
DIe L«TlTliE.

(Canticles iii.

• ".)/

»7S5
I7SS

I7S5

I7SS

I7SS
I7S3
I7SS
I7SS

= 1755

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦«♦♦♦♦♦«•»♦

rThe next, No. 31, is in Gennan, and addressed to the same
Bishop; has this chronogram only at the end, refemng to Psalm
xliv. 5— [?]

FROSPERfe PROCeDaT ET REGNET PER SACVLA aMbN. =: 1 755

Xhe next, No. 33, is also in German; the title commences,
DAS ALT-UBLICHE FREYE FISCHERSTECHEN. It
relates to the same Bishop's consecration, and bears this date —
aLs Der franCken Mayn^ eInen fIsCher-streIt 1 ^

seInes crossen hertzogs ehr hat bereIt. / '^^

* Tbe river of that name which flows throngh Wttnbnig.

FRANCONIA PLAUDENS. 49S

On the back of the title-page are the following —
In DIr fVrst frIDrICh 1st eIn hertzogs-hVth VnD'^
bIsChoffs-staab, f

zV Vnsrer bItt geWahr Von gott eIn haVffIg j '^^

SBEGENS-GAAa )

This is followed by an engraving, which represents some sports
(a mock sea-fight) on the water, and a procession of important people
along the shore. After some poetry comes this chronogram —

HERTZOG FRIDrICh LaNG LeBE, ) _

GOTT IhM ohn zIeL Iahr gebe! j '^^

1 he next, No. 33, is also in German, and addressed to the same
Bishop Adam Frideric ; the title-page commences —
Der zVr WInters-zeIt In VoLLer pLVhe VWnDerbahr )
fLorIenDe Von gott Vorgesehene, etc etc.^ / "" ^'^^

The author's name is J. M. Genser. There is no other date. There
are a few pages of verses, with these accompanying chronograms —
Der segen Des herrn VereVVIget sICh Vber IenIge,*^
so GOTT forChten, VVIe Das VVahre Wort gottes>= 1755

SAGT. )

rVDoLphVs eIn GRAF VoN bVrgVnD 1st Iene estereI _
VWrtzeL Vnseres knaDIgsten reIChs-fVrsten. j ''^^

ER HAT seIn eWIges Wort In Ihren MVnD gegeben, ) _
Ihn aLs gefVrsteten Vatter Vbers VoLCk zV setzen. X '^^

so rVfft eIn frohes VoLCk, so rVfft'eIn VVerthe staDt, 1 ^
DIeVVeIL sIe nVn Ietzt In DIr eIn neVen hIrten hat. j '^^

A wood-cut ends the tract, an angel flying through the clouds
blowing a trumpet from which proceed the words —

* Vivat ! vivat I vivat ! Adamus Fridericus Josephus Maria 1 '

1 ract No. 36 is remarkable for verses fancifully composed as to
the arrangement of the words difficult to describe; music; 'cubic'
arrangements of the letters of words ; cabalas of a complex character ;
a carmen geometricum astrologicum ; and a complex horoscope, — ^all
relating to the same Bishop Adam Frideric

The title-page commences, Verus pater patriae modulis Apollineis
decantatus, etc etc, when the Bishop's ' Festum onomasticum ' was
celebrated, anno

trVX patrIIs qVo pVLsa orIs penVrIa CessIt \^ ,

DatqVe bonas rVrsVs Mater eLeVsIs opes. J '^

^ The print in the original is obscure, and difficult to make out

496 FRANCONIA PLAUDENS.

The next, No. 37, is an address by the College of the Jesuits
at Bamberg when the same Bishop of Wiiizburg, Adam Frederic,
resigned the bishopric of the former place, and accepted the latter ;
it is dated, Anno quo

frIDerICI CaroLI bIs Magno ornata nepote pr«sens) __
effIgIes te, babeberga! beat. j '^'

On the back of the title-page is an epigram containing these
lines —

Inclyte Sol crescas ! sunt haec conjuncta Tuorum
Vota: Manent patrIas fLorIDa SisCLA pLagas. = 1757

A long address in Latin and a long ode follow; in the latter this
line occurs —

Da PATRliE affLICta patreM, tV sanCta patrona! = 1757

And at the end is, * Votum chronometricum ' —

TOT RATA LVSTRA fLVaNT, SaLWs TOT VI Ve PER ANNOS ) _

qVot baMberga foVet sVbDIta Vota: VaLe. j '^'

After many pages of odes and epigrams the last page, 55, concludes
thus —
VI Vat aDaMVs PRfisVL neo-eLeCtVs, VNlVERSiE patrI-* )

sIbIqVe In seros annos VIVat. j '57

1 ract No. 38 is also addressed to the same bishop ; the title
commences —

prInCeps DeI b Dono, bonoqVe abrar* respLenDesCens . = 1757
QUANDO, etc etc. (soil, the bishop), per unanima rr . dd . Cathedralium
ibidem 21 mi Apnlis coruscare coepit
aCCLaMante per DeVoto babebergensI presbItero. = 1757

No other date is mentioned. At the fourth page an ode thus
terminates, and the tract also concludes —
VIVat frIDerICVsI pyLIos VbI VIVIt In annos )

nobIs, et sIbI erIt faVstVs Vt aLter abraM. ) '^'

Tract No. 44 contains some curious conceits ; the title-page com-
mences— sapIentIa et IVstItIa, bIna eX CoeLIs Dona, kt J
Laeta terrIs LVMIna. (When Franciscus Ludovicus, Duke/ ^^'^
of Franconia, was consecrated Bishop of Bamberg and Wiirzburg.)
By Joseph Strecker. No other date mentioned. A long ode follows,
on the eighth page of which these lines occur —
DVX ET Chare pater MerItos fLoresCe per annos ) _

prosperItate tVa, prosperItate tVIs! / "" ^^^^

Plura canam ? sileo ; — seriem Sapientia longam

Annorum in dextra jam Tua nota tenet — Prov. iiL 16.

FRAN com A LUG ENS, 497

o prInCbps! attInge xViE bona Vera saLVtIs! ) =1770

gLorIa et InnVMero six tIbI Larga DIe ! J ' '^

H\c convincor ; habet Sapientia mira sinistra

Jam Tua divitias, gloriam, et omne bonum. — Prov. iii. 16.
&/:r terras nostras I faVsta sVb paCIs oLIVa, ) =1770

qVo peDe CcepIstI, tV bene seMper eas! J — 779

Page 12 is a very curious set of verses, in which the words are so
arranged that the names and titles of the Bishop and the arch-
chancellor can be read cross-ways in four lines transverse to the
principal lines ; it is preceded by this chronogram —
PoLLVX et Castor fraternI ob fgeDVs aMorIs J =1770

In Vasto renItent astra serena poLo. J ' '^

On page 15 are chronograms which it would be very difficult to
reprint as they stand ; first, the following line printed transversely to
other lines, at every intersection of them a letter is common to the
particular words at the exact point of crossing; the transverse line only
is the chronogram —

prostrato ante tVas MItras pIa proCIDat arCV, et ) _
LIbItIna tIbI non potIs esse fero ^ (The cross must be j ' '^

counted as x = 10.)

Below this is a chronogram so printed as to represent a Bishop's
crozier, and transversely to it are two other chronogram lines, to which
the first and last letters belong in common ; by this arrangement a
(St Andrew's) cross is formed, and at the point of intersection the
letters are common to the words at the exact point of crossing. These
are the chronograms —

pasCetVos agnos* et^eorVM DIrIge gressVs, IVstVs et") _
HoC sapIens Lege beante potest. X ''^

.MVCrone nefas Ce^Dens VIrtVtIs aperTq 1 _ j^-

^NTRO HORRET LegIs^ VeRBERA TrIsTE sV- j ''"

There are no more chronograms in this remarkable volume.

A THICK folio volume in the British Museum (press-mark 4885,
f. 3.). This volume is not less surprising than that described
at page 473, which in appearance it somewhat resembles. It con-
sists of twenty tracts of various dates, bewailing the death of some
of the bishops of Bamberg and Wiirzburg, emanating mostly from the
Society of the Jesuits at those places. Some of the tracts abound

* The four letters thus marked are the points of intersection of the lines.

498 FRANCONIA LUGENS,

in chronograms, others are not so embellished, and all are full of
exaggerated expressions of laudation and lament The volume is
lettered on the back, < Franconia lugens.'

Tract No. 6. The title commences, MAUSOLEUM GER-
MANIjE PRINCIPUM {i.e. of the family of Hutten in Stoltzenberg,
and particularly of Christophorus Franciscus, Bishop of Wiirzburg,
who died 25th March 1729). By the College of Jesuits at Wiirzburg.
On the back of the title-page is this chronogram, beneath the bishop's
armorial bearings, which display a device of a beam of wood —
TRABS fVIt HiEC FAVsTiE BAsIs haCtenVs InCLyta teril«, 1 _
hanC nVnC In CoeLo CoLLoCat, eCCk DeVs. J '^

The exterior of the ' mausoleum' is described in two pages of verse,
followed by some family pedigrees. Then the interior. The first
'monument' is mentioned in these incredible words, unless the
structure was but a trumpery imitation, — * Moles marmorea est, qualem
olim Augustus et Hadrianus sibi in Mausoleis suis erexeiant,' etc.

The monuments to members of the family, princes, and bishops
are described, with their names, emblems, ornaments, and inscriptions,
including chronograms, which are curious as being quotations from
Scriptural and heathen writings, used to express modem dates. They
are mixed up with epigrams, etc etc., which I must omit —
erVnt, sICVt faVILLa, qVaM tVrbo DIspergIt. Job xxL i8.=5 1729
VIVIfICabIt nos post DVos DIes, DIe tertIA sVsCItabIt
Nos. Hosea vi. 2. = 1729

eCCs hI sVnt DII, qVos IVsserat beatIs pro se IVpIter
IMperare terrIs. Statius, IL 4. O. 3. = 1729

VICIt aMor: sVperA DeVs hIC bene notVs In Vrbe est.
Ovid. Met lib. 10. = 1729

1 ract No 7 relates to the death of Anselmus Frandscus, Arch-
bishop-Elector of Mayence, <in ccelum translatus die xxx. Martii,
Anno, quo Poeta alludens ad Crucem scuti gentilitii canebat'
InterIt In Verno CrVX arIete : sCILICet aVra \ _ ^

MaRTIa PAClFERiE NGN fVIt APTA CrVCL J "" ^^

Motto. — Ex Viig. Mil lib. L 24a

eaDeM fortVna VIrgs tot CasIbVs aCtos InseqVItVr. = 1729

CrVX VbI PRfiCEDlT, non Me VestIgIa terrent. = 1729

gsaqVe VICInA ConDIta teXIt hVMo. Ovid. 1. 3. de Ponta= 1729

. . • FATA DeDeRE 1 _ ,^_ _

His VlTiE Can^eqVe DeCVs VIrtVtIs. Statius, L 5. J " '^

FATA VIaM InVenIent, aDerItqVe VgCatVs apgLLo.

Viig. iEn. iii. 395. =1729

. . . sIne frgnDIbVs arbgs )
nVDa rIget, roDVnt arentIa saXa CapeLLa > =s 1729

Ovid, Met 13, j
DenIqVe perpetVIs stabVnt effVLta CgLVMnIs atrIa.=s 1729
Claudian. in Ruf., etc

FRANCONIA LUGENS. 499

serVare CIVes MaIor est VIrtVs DVCIs. Seneca, Thyes.,= 1729

aVrea Iam Vestras naVIs perVenIt In oras >

haC DVCe. Statius, L 6. ]■= ^729

PRoCVL o! PRoCVL Ite^ profanI, )

ConCLaMat, Vates: totoqVe absIstIte LVCo. >= 1729

Virg. iEn. vi. 258. j
Vt .«ternVM VICInaqVe sIDera VInCat. Virg. &vl 9. (w.)= 1729
IntrepIDo WLtV soLeM eXCIpIt. Statius, 1. 4. = 1729

. . . VIresqVe resVMIt
In nVDA teLLVre IaCens. Luc. Bell. Phars. 1. 3. =1729

The tract concludes with two Latin odes, and these words —

* Vive, Vale, requiesce Princeps in pace sancdL'

Tract Na 9. MONUMENTUM GLORIA posthuraa ad
immortalem meritonim memoriam erectum (when Fridericus Carolus
Schonbom was buried in the cathedral church at Wiirzburg), Anno
qVo LaCrIMIs pontes sICCatos patrIa repLet, ) __ ^

QViERls, CVr? CaroLVs LVgVbre fVnVs agIt. / "" ''^^

Printed at Wiirzburg. No other date mentioned.
After twenty-one pages of ' oration,' the deceased bishop is extolled
in epigrams and other compositions, arranged after the fashion of
inscriptions in short irregular lines ; the first, at page 25, commences
thus —

I fama ! coelo inscribe :
frIDerICVs CaroLVs

aVreVs FRANCIiE EO-« PH<EBVs y^ _ ^

LVCtVoso heV fato" t"" ''^^

nobIs oCCIDIt.
etc. etc. eta
At page 31 another composition contains these lines on the birth
of the bishop —

FRIDERICUS CAROLUS

faVstIssIMo partV ) _ .

DatVs est orbIs LVCL / ^ ^^^^

.etc etc etc
haC Vt L^tVs potIretVr, \

ViGESlMA qVIntA IVLII
obIIt

aD sVperos abIIt.
etc. etc etc.

* The word in Virgil is * cstc*

}■

)^= 1746

Soo FRANCONIA LUGENS.

The tract ends with an epigram concluding thus —

si DoLoR eXsICCat fLktVs; qVI LaCte fLVkbat,

nVnC DabIt et trIstes fons speCIosVs aqVas.

}= 1746

Tract Na 10. SEPULCHRUM GLORIOSVM atcma vir-
tutum memoria adomatum (when the funeral rites of the same Bishop
Fridericus Carolus were performed at Bamberg), Lugentibus Musis
Collegii Bambergensis S. J. Anno quo

IVLIVs hIspanos eXterret fVnere regIs, ) _ ^

sponsaqVe DeLphInVM, fata seCVta patrIs. J *^

After many pages of elejgy and ode in Latin verse, an epitaph to
him is given at page 27, with chronograms setting forth the various
steps in his career, and commencing thus —

Sta Viator 1 Lege et luge : Hac in tumba jacet, etr.
(i) VItaLes aVras brIM6 CarpsIt festo kVnegVnDIs. = 1674

(2) CoaDIVtor epIsCopI BAMBERCiC : Tum = 1708

(3) ECCLssIiE CatheDraLIs herbIpoLensIs praposItVs Vno et
ConCorDI Voto eLIgebatVr : Hand multo post ss 1727

(4) epIsCopVs arChaDIopoLItanVs, gaVDente rheko]
parIter et regnIsIo ConseCratVs, a LotharIo > = 1728
franCIsCo : quo pientissim^ defuncto, j

(5) sVCCessIt eI babebergensI In epIsCopatV, patrVo nepos, \
nobILIs MItra aC paLLII, nobILIor Cognate pIetatIs ( _
HiERES. Eodem anno addita dignitas meritis, non merita f ' ^
dignitati, dum )

(6) herbIpoLensIs InfVLa aC pILeI DVCaLIs honore, )
gratVLante franCIA orIentaLI DeCoratVs est. j '*^

The epitaph thus concludes — ^Abi nunc viator !

I pIo et IVsto prInCIpI benI; preCatVs
reqVIesCat In paCe,

respIret nVnC In eXoptata soCIetate sanCtorVM,

nVM. )

1746

1 ract 13. EPICEDIUM a lugente patria principis dementis,
etc. (on the occasion of the funeral of Anselm Francis, bishop of
Wiirzburg, by the College of Jesuits there). Anno
qVo fato sVbIto, patrIA trIstante, fVrorIs ( _

PRiEDA tVI, anseLMVs, trVX LIbItIna ! IaCet. f "" ''^^

(1) The date of birth, 3d March 1674.

(*) Elected coadjutor of Bamberg, I3lh December 170&

(■) Elected Bishop of Wiirzburg, 28th June 1727,

(*) Elected Bishop-archadiop: of Mayence, 28th Tune 1728.

(*) Succeeded to the episcopacy of Bamberg, 20th January 1729.

(*) Elected Bishop of Wiirzburg, 1 8th May 1729.

FRANC ON I A LUG ENS.

501

After several pages of Ode and Threnody, the ' Mausoleum ' is
described, and the following chronograms occur, mixed with epigrams,
etc., without any date in figures —

sIt feLIX reqVIes ILLI, MerCesqVe LaborIs ; ) _

HoC patrLa, hoC CIVIs Vota preCesqVb petVnt. /

LVgeto franCIa I

franCIsCVs anseLMVs

pIVs prInCeps et epIsCopVs

tIbI graVI fVnere prostratVs IaCet.

DVX nobIs ereptVs est,

prInCIpeM fata tVLerVnt

Latet, VbI posVerVnt ?

Transcribe sed atro calculo !

qVo LVX tVa anseLMVs

DIro eXtInCtVs fato obIIt.

I Hi interim quos orphanos mortali reliquisti in vita,

pastorI sVo sVaVIssIMo

LVCtV atqVb DoLore

ENlXfe parentabVnt.

pLorans pLora patrIa !
epIsCopVs WIrCebVrgensIs, CLeMens ILLe pater tWs,
tIbI LVCTVosi obIIt,

Sta viator, et Ducis nostri Elogium lege 1

hIC IaCet anseLMVs franCIsCVs franCI^ prInCeps,

sangVIne, VIrtVte,

ET aLIIs, et notVs tIbI, IgnotVs sIbL

Lege ac luge, dum

anseLMVs franCIsCVs WIrCebVrgensIs epIsCopVs

FRANCIiC orIentaLIs prInCeps

VIta ereptVs est.

NON enIM VIVIs ereptVs est DVX aC epIsCopVs tWs

VIDe VIator,

ET MagnI epIsCopI fato eXtInCtI eXWIIs

Parenta ! Luge planctu magno cum lugente PatriA.

I ! nunc viator 1 te ultra non moror, sed precare prius,
Vt anseLMI franCIsCI pII, aC zeLosI pr«sVLIs trIstI
fVnsre eXtInCtI Labores In beata VItA reqVIes sterna
Coronet.

angVsta Vrna MagnI DVCIs, et patrI^ patrIs CIneres
tegIt, qVI non sIne craVI totIVs PATRliE sensV InterIIt.

Lege ista, qui transis viator! et cum devoti patri4
gloriosis tanti Ducis Manibus precare,
Vt CLeMens DVX et patrIje pater a IaborIbVs sVIs 1 ^
reqVIs frVatVr aternJL /

1749
1749

1749

- 1749

= 1749
= 1749

- 1749

= 1749

= 1749
= 1749

1749
1749

1749

Soa FRANCONIA LUGENS.

STA ET Lege
orIentaLIs franCIa ! arCana tegIt fVnebrIs sCena,

NAM ._

saCras tegIt eXVVIas ''"" '^^

prInCIpIs
trIstI fato eXtInCtI.

reqVIesCat In LatA paCe franCIsCVs anseLMVs, J ^^^^

LVXqVe perpetVa LVCeat eI. / "" ^^^^

Txact No. i6. SOL OBSCURATUS in saglttario (on the
occasion in November of the funeral of Philippus Carolus, Bishop of
Wurzbuxg, and the construction of a magnificent ' mausoleum/ by the
College of Jesuits there), Anno quo

IVnCta sagIttIfero VenatrIX pe^sIMa, phoebo J _

eXtInXIt raDIos, franCIs eoa ! TVa J ' ^^

On the back of the title-page is this epigram —

Obscuratus est Sol. Apocalyp. ix. 2.
franConICo aXe graVes CVr InCVbVere tenebr*? )

PHOEBO NoX oCVLos ConDIDIt aLta sVos. / '^^

There are fifty pages of odes and epigrams ; the subject is in four
divisions, viz. : i. Sol in ortu. — 2. Sol in progressu. — ^3. Sol in occasu.
—4. Sol de novo oriens. There is space here only for the epigrams,
and they are composed as chronograms.

In gloriosum Philippi Caroli in Ducatu Franconico exortum.
LVX Carolina reCentI ortV sIC pLena refVLsIt. ) _

hanC stVDVIt VIgILans ante poLIre DIV. j "" ^'54

In exortum Philippi Caroli patriae gratiosissimum.
CVr nVper pLaCIDo franCIs VVLtV eXCIta rIsIt? )
arrIsIt bLanDo CaroLVs Igne prIVs. / '^^

In scientiarum amorem — z, notatione nominis PhilippL (Philippus
a ^Xcoi et rirst>s, idem est ac amans equL Pegasus est equus elatus,
qui ciim in Heliconem evoldsset unguli sui Hippocrenen fluvium
Musarum excitavit)

noMen hVIC soLI DVbItas Verb esse phILIppI? 1=.

qVo gaVIsVs eqVo est, pegasVs Iste fVIt. j ^'^^

In principalem Philippi Caroli liberalitatem et amorem subditorum
plan^ singularem a notatione nominis CarolL (Carolus per anagramma
idem est ac, Cura Sol !

franCones aVDIVIt soL Is sIbI DICere: CVra ) ^^^

soL I popVLIqVe saLVs VnICa CVra fVIt. / "" ^'54

In ardentissimum Philippi Caroli zelum et virtutes promovendi
studium —
faXsoLIs DVX est, aCCenDIt, et aera pVrgat: ) _

FRANCONlAt IL«C CaROLVS FECeRAT aXe pIVs. j '^^

FRANCO NI A LUG ENS. 503

In gloriam Philippi Caroli pleni luce refulgentis —
rRANCIDos, EN I pVLChra CaroLVs soL arserat aVge: ) _
HoC retVLIt VIrtVs a JoVe VtroqVe DeCVs. r '^^

In obitura Philippi Caroli in Novembri factum. (Thebana idem
est ac Hercules, quia Hercules Thebis fuit oriundus, de quo pro-
verbium, * Ne Hercules quidem contra duos ') —
Mors atqVe arCItenens teLo fert WLnVs VterqVe: ) _
thebana Ipsa neqVIt Vis sVperare DVos. J *^^

In pium ac gloriosum Philippi Caroli obitum vitae pis ac gloriosae
conformem —

PR^EsVL TER faVstVs tota LVCe oCCIDIt: aqVa ) _

LVCe ortVs, CaroLVs progreDIensqVe fVIt. / '^^

In obitum Philippi Caroli toto Franconise luctuosis»mum —
VberIbVs gVttIs pIa patrIa tIngrre! phcebVs ) _

hInC fVgIens saLsIs est tVMVLanDVs aqVIs, j "" '^^

The verses following, contained in the fourth part (above alluded
to), were inscribed on Uie mausoleum, and are mentioned under the
term ' Epigraph/ not Epigram.

This was inscribed under a portrait of the bishop—

patrIa eheV, DVbItas, Ista qVIs In IConb VI Vat? )

CaroLVs oCCIDWs LVCe reCente nItet. j "" '^^

faVstVs In oCCasV ! franCIs eXtInCtVs In orIs ) _

soL, MeLIore nItet pVLCher In aXe poLI. J '^^

sCILICet est restans kmC LaVs VIrtVtIs: In VMbra )

qV^ Latet hIC VIrtVs, heV CaroLIna fVIt. j "" '54

The following appear among a variety of other inscriptions —

prInCeps eX .«qVo partI DIVIsIt VtrIqVe. I _

NON DVbItes ergo DICere: IVstVs erat. f '^^

FAX soLIs PHCEBiE IVbar IMpertItVr In aXe; i _

In terra CaroLVs sVbDIta tVrba tIbL / '^^

PHCEBE MICas, CaVsans VersVaVe, In VeLLere PRiEsVL )

CaroLVs In saCro VeLLere sVaVIs erat.^ j "^ "54

CeDIte Degeneres, gens non proba, CeDIte noster )

PASTOR FERRE POTEST PRfiTER HONESTA nIhIL.* / '^4

sic est: qVI nostro soL taLIter oCCIDIt aXe, 1 _^

DIWs nVnC sVperIs pLVs rVbet ILLe pLagIs. f "" ^'54

Ergo triste caput Gryphs et Franconia toUe I
Cura soli est Carolo, sit licet ille polo.

HiEC ph(ebo est VIrtVs : refoVet LICet ILLe reMotVs )
taLIs ab eXCeLso CaroLVs aXe fa Vet. j ^ '^^

^ Alluding to the bishop in his robes, as thus explained, Sol in signo Arietis vel Velleris
ver indttcens Imago Episcopi sacro Vellere vel Pallio ornati gregem suum suaviter regentis.
' Odi profannm vnJgus, et& With a device of the san rising and the bats flying away.

504 FRANCONIA LUGENS.

Epigram.
In ultimam Philippi Carol! placid^ exspirantis imaginem —
EN ! phcebVs CeCIDIt, patrIaM qVI qVInqVe beabat ) _ xtKA

annIs: sVaVe IVbar fVnebrIs Vrna teoIt J '^^

Hue propera laniata genas, tantoque parenta

Occiduo soli ! Francis Eoa geme 1
AST tIbI, non soLI, eX nebVLIs qVI pVLChrIor eXIt, I

nVnC DoLeas! sIbI non, oCCIDIt ILLe tIbL j "" '^^

Uma tegit corpus : sed spiritus obdnet axem :

Virtus clara solo, est digna nitere polo.
Vt nIteat, VoVeas, qVIsqVIs LegIs Ista VIatorI I _ x^ka.

E CceLIs faVstVs, qVad DeDIt ante, DabIt. j ' ^^

SiSTE VIaTOR

LsgIto aC LVgeto I
faCta sVnt sIgna
In
CceLo franConICo: ._ ,^^,

soL >=* '754

obsCVratVs est,
oCCIDiT

TRIstI ET FVnESTO TOTI PATRlilS fato

CaroLVs phILIppVs.
etc. 'etc. etc.
I nVnC VIator, atqVe pIo affeCtV eI preCarb J

Vt His ereptVs terrIs soL pVLChrIor >=s 1754

aternVM fVLgeat In CceLIs. I

Tract Na 19. The title-page begins, IN FUNERE Adami
Friderici, etc (Bishop of Bamberg). It describes a * monument ' put
up by the inhabitants, on the occasion of his funeral, on nth March
1779, in forty-two pages, including the lamentations; it is followed
by two sheets, numbered 20 and 21, and they appear to be an
inscription for the aforesaid monument, one in German, the other
in Latin, and both composed in chronogram.* I transcribe sheet
No. 21 only, as follows —

pIo nVper orbata

PATRE, . _

aeqVIs sVffVsa LaChryMIs, trIstes Intona nobnIas, { ''^

DIoeCesIs babebergensIs !
DIE XIXno febrVarII
trIstIorI CaMpanae noCtVrnae aere perterrIta, ^'sa 1779
qVasI tonItrV qVassa, breVI eXangVIs stetIstI.

I-
I'

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS. 505

1779

aCerbe fLens VoCIferabatVr qVIVIs : \

PROH f

aDaMVs I '"^

PATRIAE PATER, /

eheVI

frIDerICVs

IntegrItate pVra nItens

epIsCopVs baMbergensIs et herbIpoLensIs,

ah!

seInsheIM ^=s 1779

InsIgnIs totIVs CoGNATiE franCIa orIentaLIs DVX,

Eo Ipso teMpore, qVo te InVIsere proponebat, ) _ ^

herI herbIpoLI eXspIrans CeCIDIt. / ''^

o! saeVo DVC ora fLetV! qVerere! neMo InfICIabItVr. = 1779

LVge; naM
epIsCopVs, prInCeps, DVX, pater }• = 1779

obIIt,
qVI VIWs I

PER XXIL ANNOS te Ita DILeXIt, Vt pro tessera reLIqVerIt > = 1779

Cor sWM, )

Cor I = 1770

tIbI reLIqVIt, Vt ratIonaLI trIstItIa LaXe reDaMares. J *'^

ergo:
IVXta eXeMpLar hoC DoLe ratIonabILIter, = 1779

LVge et DeVote ora,

anIMa EiVs ^"^ '^79

reqVIes ^ Cat ^i^ In •!< paCe.

I-

R. =

I-

A NOTHER thick folio volume in the British Museum (press-mark
r\^ 4885, £ a.) combines the characters of the two other volumes
already described at pages 473-497, and in some respects is even
more remarkable. It consists of twenty-five tracts of various dates
expressive of rejoicings at the election of some of the Abbots of
Fulda, and lamentations on their death. During the period thus
celebrated, Fulda was raised to the dignity of a bishopric, and Abbot
Amandus was made the first bishop in 1753. The chronograms

5o6 FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS.

here extracted are 208 in number; the want of space (and other
reasons more particularly adverted to in loco) compel the omission of
at least 460 more, which are contained in some of the tracts* The
volume is lettered on the back, ' Fulda plaudens et plangens.'

Tract No. i. INCLYTjE ECCLESIjE Fuldensis incre-
mentum in pitfiFECTVRA fIsChbergensI^ reDeMptA = 1 707

a reverendissimo et celsissimo principe, ac Domino^ D. Adalberto
inclytas ejusdem ecclesiae Fuldensis Abbate, s . R . i . Piincipe, D.
Augustae archi-cancellario, per Germaniam et Galliam primatse, etc.
Domino nostro clementissimo, Histonco-metric^ propositum et
celebratum a Collegio PP. Societatis Jesu.

The subject is intended to extol the said Adalbert and all that
he did, and consists of an introductory epigram, and a 'Schema
Prolusionum' in Latin verse, with an occasional chronogram, from
which I extract the following —

popVLos et praLIa DICaM. Virgil, Geor. iv. 5. = 17^7

aMor sVCCessIt habenDI. Virgil, -^n. viiL 327. = 17^7

Magno posCItVr ILLe Deo. Ovid, L i. de Ponta = 1707

Cpigramma
reDDere ConfInes terras, DeCorare, tVerI, = 1707

CreDere Me, fas est peCtorIs esse tVI. Ovid, L 5. Trist = 1707

Tract No. 2. CURRUS TRIUMPHALIS paeana inter et
plausus ad Arcem Principalem aurigante Constantia a Geniis Virtutum
Suavitate, Prudentia Fortitudine et dementia vectus reverendissimo
— Principi ac Domino Constantino adomatus (on the occasion of his
election to the dignity of Abbot, with the congratulation of the College
of Jesuits at Fulda), Anno quo

gaLLIa paCe frVI gestIt, gbrManIa gaVDet. = 17 14

The subject is treated in a fanciful manner, in odes and epigrams,
with chronograms, mostly quotations from Latin classics, scattered
throughout, but they must stand here unsupported by their descriptive
text, which could not successfully be abbreviated —

neC sI forte VeLIs, DIssIMVLare potes. Ovid, 3 Trist eL 6. = 17 14
Constantino prInCIpe trIVMphabVnDa = 1714

neC MIhI pars noCVIt De gVrgIte. Ovid, 2 Trist. ad Aug. = 17 14
IaM reDI£:re VICes, ConnVbIa pensat. Claud, denupt Hon.= 17 14

et mor.
VI Vat ConstantInVs De bVttLar s.r. I. prInCeps et)

eCCLesIa fVLDensIs abbas VI Vat perpetVA VIrtVte>= 17 14

VICTOR. j

Alluding to his family-name^ Buttlar,

^ Fischbcrg, a castle. See Sadler, Univ. Lex. 9. 992.

FULDA FLA UDENS ET FLANGENS. 507

Then follows an ode in Sapphic metre, accompanied by six chrono-
grams. Afterwards are the following lines —
ConstantIne pater patrI«I nVnC strInge qVaDrIgaM: = 17 14

ISTOS VICtorI Confero fIrMa graDVs = 17 14

neC Vero HiE sIne sorte -DATiE, sIne IVDICe seDes^ = 1 7 14

qVas non ConfVnDIt sors peraMICa tIbI. = 17 14

The chronograms are so intermixed with the subject, and are so
pointless away from it, that I abandon any further extracts. There
are about thirty-three more, and they would occupy space to no pur-
pose ; the concluding one at page 24 is —
Vivat ConstantInVs prInCeps prVDens kt MItIs. = 171^

1 he next tract. No. 3, is a laudation by the Friars Minor of
Fulda, of the same Prince and Abbot Constantine, and of the
whole family of Buttlar renowned in £ngland, Ireland, Scotland,
Italy, Poland, Germany, etc. It is dated 17 14, and the title-page
thus commences (it is very long) —

perennIs DIgnItatVM CornVCopIa: = 17 14

ContInens transacts VIta DIarIVM. = 17 14

etc etc. etc.
Anno
qVo ConstantInVs, genVInVs ab aXe qVIrInVs, "> _

fVLDaM RiTk regIt, VIrqVe nItore tegIt.* j * ^

Superiorum permissu.
Here I meet with such a profusion of chronograms, occupying
thirty-one folio pages, that I am at a loss to know what to do ; I have
no space for them, and yet they bear such an attractive appearance.
Odes and poems mostly in Sapphic metre * crowd the pages, and they
are accompanied by epigrams and mottoes, entirely in chronogram,
repeating the date 17 14. Cabalistic verses of a curiously complex
character, with explanatory numerical keys to them, are thrown in
by way of variety, with an occasional ornamental anagram. I feel
constrained, however, to omit all this, and for the rest I must refer
the reader to the British Museum Library, where this reference will
procure a sight of the book itself. ' Fulda. Monastery of the Friars
minor. Perennis dignitatum, etc. 4885. f. 2. — 3.'

The last words of this tract (alluding to the defunct Prince), on
page 34, are- Epigramma.

IVstItIa LVXIt, qVA SE sVpER iETHERA DVXIT, )

proMptVs ET iEQVARl reLLIgIone parI. J * ^

CarMIna qVID fabor: LVsIt et Ista Labor.^ = 17 14

finis.
There are altogether 363 chronograms in the tract Truly amazing I

* This line is from Virgil, iEn. vL 431, ■ Observe the Leonine verses.

' Some good examples of Sapphic metre chronograms will be found at an earlier page
(325-331) in this volume, and at p. 512.

So8 FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS.

The next tract, No. 4, relates also to the same Reverend Prince
CoNSTANTiNE, now deceased. Chronograms are prominent on the
title-page, which thus commences —

raCheL ^

pLorans fILIos, et noLens ConsoLarI: ( _ ,^«#;

seV f= '7*^

pLorans bVChonIa ConstantInVM, qVIa non est. )

\Hen is represented a coat-of-arms,'\
Reverendissimi — Principis, ac Domini Constantini — Indytae et
exempts Ecclesise Fuldensis Abbatis, etc. — Domini sui clementissimi
Die 13 Martii —

eX ILLVstrIssIMA LIb. bar. A bVtLar prosapIA DenatL ss 1736
Piissimis Manibus
In VtraqVe LIngVA MaternA et LatInA pro DebIta ) ^

pIetatIs CensV /"■ '

Parentabat
Duodeno pro-& Epigrammate Chronico.
Per Eberhardum Franciscum Scheffer, reverendissimi ac celsis-
simi Principis Fuldensis Parochum in oppido Briickenau — ^Anno quo

ConstantInVs abIt, DIC: fVnVs MortIs abIVIt = 1726

pIgnora VI sCeptrI fVLDensIs aDoLphVs aDIVIt, = 1726
The whole tract consists of only six pages, and therefore I am
enabled to find space for the chronograms. The title-page tells us
there are twelve epigrams ; each one is preceded by a ' Programma '
and a chronogrammatic motto, which (with some of the epigrams)
are as follows —

1. In S3rmbolum Principis, Consilio et Constantia.

H^C sVnt, atqVe fVere sV^ bona syMboLa LaVDIs. = 1726

2. In causam mortis.

qVare CeCIDIstI ! qVI Man*: orIebarIs, Vt sVRGEREsf = 1726

3. In locum mortis, seu Arcem Principalem vulgb in EichenzelL
aVgVstVs In arCIs, et MortIs angVstIIs CaDIt. = 1726

4. In annum Mortis currentem 1726.

loANNES OTTO frIDerICVs ConstantInVs sVbIto MorIetVr.= 1726

5. In annum iEtatis quadrigesimum septimum inchoatum.
ConstantInVs annos qVaDragInta septeM ^tatIs, et VlTiE

sV^ non perfICIet. = 1726

EpigrammsC

ANTE obItVM qVIsqVIs sic DIVInasset, aCerba == 1726

ILLI Is DIXIssET nVnCIa, Vera taMen. s= 1726

naMqVe prIVs DICtos VlTiE qVIn perfICIt annos, = 1726

EST VIrtVte sVA MortWs eCCe Deo? = 1726

6. In mensem Mortis seu Martium.

ConstantInVs In MartIo eXangVIs beLLI et fatI prsDa.^ 1726

7. In tempus Mortis, seu feriam quartam quatuor temporum.
ConstantInVs In qVatVor teMporIbVs pik DIsCessIt. = 1726

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS. 5^9

8. In diem Mortis, et quae fuit decima tertia MartiL

In DeCIMA tertIA LVnA LVIt VIta, aVt fatI pcenas. = 1726

£pigraniina.

Si vis scire diem mortis, tantum inspice Nomen,

Litt'ra vocalis earn quadruplicata notat.

CONSTANTINUS.

4 13s

'3
Disjuncto aut numero poteris mysteria nosse,

Qu» sub conjuncto prodigiosa latent.
Unica tfwrsf triplicii^TS&SA gaudere volebat,

Post JMatrenty ac Aviam^ es tertia Nate^ Nepos.

9. In diem hebdomadis, quae fuit Mercurii.

AH? prInCeps, DIe MerCVrII VIXIt. =1 1726

Epigramma.
Inquiris causam ? cur faaec lamenta cientur ?

aVDI? responsVM nVnC saCra Verba ferVnt: •= 1726

Adventum mortis quasi Furis biblia narrant

Mercurio Furi quin ? sacra quando dies ?
Mors, VeL fVr VIta fVLDensIs prInCIpIs argI e= 1726

MerCVrII fVrIs strICtIVs estqVe DIe. = 1726

10. In diem eandem Hebdomadis, sive Mediam.

ConstantInVs In MeDIo VIrtVtIs ConsIstens beatVs. = 1726

11. In horam mortis decimam Matutinam.

ConstantInVs horA DeCIMA obIIt, eXspIraVIt. = 1726

12. In Labra^ Scuti GentilitiL

A bVt-Ler neDVM sCrIbe, aVt sVbsannare LVbet. = 1726

On the last page is the following —

perennatVra BVCHONliE* DeVot^ \

VOTA SEV > = 1726

heCathoMbe. j

qVIsqVIs erIt prInCeps, anIMo VoVet, ore DeInCeps, = 1726
siT tIbI VIVa qVIes, LVCeat aLMa DIes.» = 1726

ConstantInVs
prInCeps bVChonI^*
reqVIesCat In paCe, /•= 1726

ConsortIo ET sanCtorVM. -

JUlSJf.

)

Tract No. 5. The title-page begins, ARBOR NO VA Buchoniae*
duplicis radids valli simul et monti, divinitus implantata (on the

> Labrum, a bathing tub, a device in his coat-of-arms on the title-page.
* Bnchonia is Buchau or Buchen. See Zedler, Univ. Lex. 4. 1749.
' I^eonine verse.

5 lo FULDA PLA UDENS ET PLANGENS.

occasion of Adolphus, Princeps S.R.I., etc, of the iUustriotis family of
Dalberg, being consecrated as abbot, etc, successor of Constantine,
and thus dated) —

paX nostra fIt: sIC VnIVersa ) _^ 1726

FERT patrIa beneDICtIoneM. j ^

On the back of the title-page are these chronograms —

ITA sCItote: )_. ^ ^^

si sonItVs CornV* sonVerIt, se DabVnt MontI* / '

Exodus xix. 13.
Hoc est ;

si pIVs obIVerIt ConstantInVs, eLIgent ( »t»i5

aDoLphVM. /"" '

The opening address contains these chronograms —
Te dico arborem \ sed non illam. Luc. iiL 9.

eIVs raDICI Mcesta est InfIXa seCVrIs. = jj^S

Arborem te dico; sed non istam, a salvatore nostro maledictam.
Matt. xxi. 19.

VnIs QViE FoLIIs DIVes, MALk CreVIt In horto. = 17^6
Neque earn, Luc. xiii. 6.

QViERiT IbI DoMInVs frVCtVs, non reperIt ILLos. ^ = 17*6
Hanc te nominare arborem quisquis temerarib audet anathema sit
Reverendissime et celsissime Princeps I Tu arbor ilia es. Jerem. id. 16.
QViE VIrIDIs, forMosa, saCrIs stat frVCtIbVs Ingens. = 1726
Tu arbor es ilia. Daniel iv. 7-12.
aLta, Ingens, fortIs, beneDICta et fertILIs arbor ) _. .-^^

A qVA paVper honos, MVnera faVsta trahIt. / '

Tu denique es arbor ilia. Psalm L 3.

QViE Certos DabIt iEQVA sVo PRO teMpore frVCtVs. = 1726

etc etc etc
Ita vovet, subditomm infimus
martinus henckel. Ludi-Magister Spalensis.
Then follows Part i, a kind of allegory in Latin hexameter and
pentameter verse, alluding to the sudden death of Abbot Constantine
as a rushing wind among the trees, introductory to a series of supposed
dreams and their interpretations, and concluding with Epitaphium
Constantini programma, in Latin verse, preceded by —
Anagramma. (Sic,)
Jacet, fide, spe, charitate sopitus.
Nimc autem :
A MaIore eX ILLIs, Corona Data est VIt^ IVstL = 1726
Hinc Lemma
In Memorii aetemi erit Justus. Psalm cxi 7.
Part 2 relates to the election of the Rev. Prince-Abbot Adolphus,
and commences with an allegorical poem intituled^ Buchonia (Biichen)
being exhausted by the heat of desolation at the death of Constantine,

' Ex insignibtts Constantini.

* Posterior pars nominis Dalbexg.

FULDA PLA UDENS ET FLANGENS. 5 » i

seeks an agreeable tree, under whose shade she may breathe. The tree
is found, Ecce arbor ! Daniel iv. 10, and presently there appear ten
celestial messengers, who point it out in a succession of verses com-
posed as chronograms, having direct reference to Biblical texts. The
tree is the new Abbot Adolphus. I have space here for no more
than to mention that the date 1726 is thus repeated eighteen times.
The next 16 pages are devoted to the praises of him in poems and
epigrams.

Part 4 is a gratulatory oration, ' Confirmatur Adolphus Princeps
et Abbas Fuldensis. Anno

qVo ConstantInVM, rapVIt ConstantIa DVrI ) ^

frIgorIs, et borea / '

DIE:
qVo natA In terrIs, noVIores arbor aDoLphI, ) _ ^

VIrgIne, fert fLores, atqVe beata CoMas.' f ''*

After several pages of extravagant flattery, the tract is brought to
a conclusion.

1 ract No. 6 is a very complex composition ; some of the poems
are printed in the form of columns, showing pedestal, shaft, and
capital; it is another laudation of the same Abbot Adolphus, by
Jacobus Wentz of Mayence ; the title-page begins —

DoMVs LILIfera )

gLorIosIs PRfiROGATlVIs eXaLtata* / ^'^

Architectrice virtute
qVaternIs CoLVMnIs rVrsVs InsIgnIter soLIData. = 1726
eta etc etc.
(When Adolphus was elected)
ConCorDIbVs VotIs, VnItIsqVe anIMIs = 1726

Fuldds.
Anno quo
trIstIs fVLDa, pIIs noVIter renoVata CoLVMnIs, = 1726
Dat nVnC InnVMeros VoCe VoVente sonos. =s 1726

On the back of the title-page is the dedication, to which the author
subscribes his name in this quaint fashion —

Ita
eX IntIMIs CorDIs VIsCerIbVs = 1726

Submissttni vovet etfavet
Jacobus Wentz, PresbyL Mog.

Then follows 'Prolusio Elogica,' wherein the Genius of the
reverend Chapter of the Cathedral of Fulda stands at the doors and
proclaims to the people the consecration of Adolphus —

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS.

)-
!-

Hoc Chronometro
MIXTA IWbnta VIrIs IgItVr Des IVbILa gyrIs »
sVaVIa, poenas gVttVre qVIsqVe Canas.
Hnc dum percipit Urbis Fuldensia genius, obstupuit 1
Nescius,
QViB hoVa nVnC faCIes? CVr L«Tk pLaVsIbVs oMnIs
eXVLtbt popVLVs? CVr Iterata no Vet
IVbILa?
etc. etc etc
Siquidem
DeVs VIrtVtVM sCrVtans Cor et renes. Psalm vii 9. =

quique
Omnia in pondere et mensuri Disponit suaviter. Prov. vL xi.'

atqVe sVCCessVs nVtV DeterMInat; =

novum totius Buchonise dedit
Frincipem.
etc etc etc
Then appear the poems, printed in the form of four columns,
denominated Piety, Clemency, Fortitude, and Exemplary life, fol-
lowed by— Anathema Epidicticum

ad Musas Buchonicas et Virtutem Architectricem.
MVsA nVnC affer LItVos Canoros,
PANGE tV VersVs CItharA sonoros;
eXCIta festos heLIConIs aVsVs,

eXIge pLaVsVs.

NOSTER et abbas, IbI STANS In ARA,

ET peDo fVLgens renItet tIarA;
sic saCer pr£sVL neo-ConseCratVr

ConDeCoratVr.
hIC VIrI qVantVs patet apparatVs,
sorts VIrtVtVM CeLebrI notatVs!
qVIsqVIs has CernIt taCItVs stVpesCIt,

totVs habesCIt.
sVb noVo tanto patrI^ parente,
prospero fato bene protegente,
roborant rarA popVLos abVnD^

ARTE CoLVMN^.

In CrVCIs fVLCrIs qVatVor CorVsCant:
qVIn bases sortes oDIosa fVsCant:
VnDe sat TVTb BONA IVra stabVnt,

QViEQVE BEABVnT.

Ipsa sI VIrtVs genVIna pIngI
posset, aVt VLLA parItate fIngI;
VIVIDa eX WLtV peteret patere,

pVra Manere.

1726

1726
1726

1736

1726

^ Leonine verses.

' Sic, but more likely Prov. zi. i.

1726

JFULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS. 513

NON hIC InfLatVs (LICet InfVLatVs)

spIrItV VIt^, nIhIL eLeVatVs; ( ^^

STAT sVb ILLVstrI qVoqVe Cor honore ' '

absqVe tVMore.
fVLDa ConCorDI genIo preCare,
prInCIpI Charo bene gratVLare :

PERGE L-ffiTANTER PIETATE FOTA,

SOLVERE VoTA.
PRiESVLIS SACrI RENOVetVr iETAS,

nestorIs VInCat generosa Metas;
pro bono LECTiE patrI^ nItesCat,

ROBORE CrESCAT.
ERGO POST VlTiE TENEBRAS PROBATVs,

In Deo eXVLtans, MerItIs IVbatVs; ( _ ^

terreIs pVrVs, fVgIensqVe CastrIs, ^ '

VIVat In astrIs.
On the last page, ' Musa serpentino-genethliaca allusiva '
Adckranicutn sacrati Nataks &» Chranicum faustis volans alts.
VICenA nonA MaII qVaDrageno oCtaVo ^tatIs,

DIVIno spIrItV affLante a Deo abbas fVLD-« eLeVatVs.

orbI natVs. = 1678 = 1726

Then follow the curious serpentine verses, with this chronogram
at the end —

' Pericope Leonino-chrono-metrica, cordis sigillo signalizata.'
VIt^ nataLIs, perstet feLICIbVs aLIs ) ^^

aDoLphVs fLaVDat, CceLICa sCeptra gerat. j '

* Reverendissimse, et celsissimae eminentiae vestrae etc. etc'
' Infimus et submissimus Cliens, ac Servus, etc'
The German bookbinder has cropped off the next line, a chronogram.

Tract No. 7. The title occupies three pages; the first words '
are printed in large bold capitals of uniform size^ and occupy the first
page; they are as follows, the date letters being red —

LVX aLba CanDorIs faX rVbra aMorIs. = 1732

(A public congratulation to the same Adolphus at Fulda on the 3d of
June) Anno quo facta est

eXaLtatIo sIgnI VlTiE^ et saLVtIs In MeDIo J

terra BVCHONiE. j '^

The author is Frideric de Ketschau.

An engraving of his armorial bearings follows, with the motto
* Candore et Amore.' Also two representations of the cross of the
Benedictines at Fulda, to be worn suspended by a ribbon, and below
is this chronogram in black and red letters —

m:C CrVX MIhI DVX. = 1732

The rest of the tract requires no attention here.

^ Reference to Geneds ii. 9.
3T

S 14 FULDA FLA UDENS ET FLANGENS.

1 ract No. 8 carries on the praises of the same Abbot Adolphus.
The title-page begins, « CLASSICA AMIGA ET GLORIOSA
Palladis sacrae ac togatae Valles inter et Montes Buchoniae,' etc etc
(Some imaginary journey by Adolphus is made the occasion of lauda-
tions addressed to him by the Jesuits at Fulda), Anno
qVo trepIDos Inter MotVs, beLLIqVe FRAcdkES \ _ ^

sVb ferro et Voto spes noVa paCIs erat. j '^^

The subject is treated in Latin verse of various metre, among
which are these few chronograms —

PATrIa TER SOSPES SVb TE fLORESCeT, aDoLpHE, ) _ T7«A

qV^ trahet eX annIs oMIna faVsta tVIs. j '^^

qVot LapIDes phcebI tenet arX, tot regnet aDoLphVs \^

ANNOs: HoC PATRlfi DebIta Vota petVnt ! j *^^

seMper honos, aDoLphe, tWs perLVstra perennst! ) ti^a,

pr«stItVs hoC phcebo IVre reqVIrIt honor. J '^^

paX VIgeat! seros aCaDeMIa bVChona In annos )

STET FAVsTA, et PATRIA FESTA TROPHiEA VeHAT, j '^^

The title-page of tract No. 9 begins, * CHRISTI BONUS
ODOR (2 Cor. iL) sive Lilium Dalbergiomi Montes inter et Valles
Buchonise nuper fato tristissimo exspirans,' etc etc (an oration, etc,
on the occasion of the funeral of the same Adolphus, by M. Antonius
Winter, of the College of Jesuits at Fulda, dated 30th January
1738, in which it appears that the deceased had founded an academy
there. A large engraving represents the building, and his portrait
also his armorial bearings (white lilies and black crosses), with several
emblematical figures proclaiming his praises. Beneadi all is this
chronogram —

CanDIDa bVChonICo VernantIa nVper In horto ) _ ^

LILlA sVb nIgra sVnt nIgrefaCta CrVCe. j "~ ''^^

EN nIVeVs perIIt CanDor (Dos proprIa patrIs) I «

LVgeI non LVge patrIa! VIVIt oDor. | — »73»

The oration which follows, and the odes, in which the sweet-
smelling lily is a constant theme, call for no furdier description \ these
are the two concluding lines of the tract —

In DIo ^ternIs pasCatVr oDorIbVs horto ) __ ^

prInCeps, qVI VIt^ paVIt oDors sVos. / ''^

Tract No. 10, the tide-page begins, SPONSIS CANDORIS
ETAMORISKAol^YiMS immortalitati desponsatus, coronatus, pegmate
glorioso exomatus, etc etc (on the occasion of the Prince-Abbot
Amandus celebrating the funeral of his predecessor Adolphus at
Fulda), on 22 Jan. Anno quo

IVsTA strVIt IVsto VerVs sVCCessor aManDVs = 1738

eXeqVIasqVe parat: CVr? qVIa DVCIt aMor. = 1738

Ecce ! quomodo amabat eum. John zi. 36.

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS, 515

. Then follows an elegy, concluding with this epigram in Leonine
verse on his death, which happened on 3d November 1737 —
fLos erat et LVXIt, Mors e teLLVre reDVXIt; = 1737

nVnC eX aMne DeI, LVX bona fVLget eI. Apoc. ) ,^^^

xxiLi,s. /= '^^^

eXIIt e VIVIs CVM tenDat In /ethera CIVIs; = 1737

fVLDa qVID VsqVe DoLes, gViE pIa pLVra VoLes? = 1737
JaM CanIt Is DIWs, sic post pIa fVnera VIWs; = 1737

Cessat MonsqVe soLI, DVXqVe stat aXe poLI. =1737

Then comes a large engraving of the cenotaph erected in the
church, covered with emblematical pictures, with chronogrammatic
and other inscriptions ; followed by a particular description of all the
symbolic decorations, from which I extract the chronograms only,
though they may lose some of their point by the omission of the
details.

strVCtVra CanDorIs, aMorIs, honorIs, VIrtVtIbVs heroInIs
In fVnere parentans. = 1738

aManDVs prInCeps, epIsCopVs, abbas eXstrVXIt. = 1738

sponsVs CanDorIs, aMorIs eXtInCtVs obIIt et eX orbe
abIIt. =5 1737

eXaCVerVnt, Vt gLaDIVM, LIngVasl Psalm Ixiv. 3. = 1737

aDoLphVs abbas fIDVs prasVL gregIs; LVX fIDeI et
reLIgIonIs. = 1737

aDoLphVs noVItIVs Deo, patrIqVe beneDICto trIbVs se
VotIs obstrInXIt. = 1698

(Alluding to the date of his profession.)
fLVXerVnt Montes a faCIe agnI, noWs qVanDo presbyter
TRANS VbstantIaVIt In arIs. = 1701

(Alluding to the date of his admission to the priesthood.)
aDoLphVs prInCeps, ConDICtVs pIVs, aC paCIfICVs; soL

PATRliE, SVaqVe PROSAPLfi. = 1 737

AB InCrepatIone tVA fVgIent, A VoCe tonItrVI tVI
forMIDabVnt. Psalm civ. 7. =1737

aDoLphVs sponsVs ab ortV qVasI LILIVM. = 1678

(The year of his birth.)
aDoLphI parthenIa pIetas praLatVrA MarIanA zeLLensI
ornatVr. =5 1715

(The year of his promotion ' CoUationis praepositurse Zellensis.')
aDoLphVs prInCeps, abbas, pater PATRliE, heVI MortWs,
heV! sepVLtVs. orate, offerte. = 1737

In ore stVLtI VIrga sVpERBliE, LabIa sapIentVM
CVstoDIVnt eos. Prov. xiv. 3. = 1737

aDoLphVs FVLDiE prInCeps, NoViE^ VnIVersItatIs
fVnDator. = 1734

(The date of his founding the University at Fulda.)
eXVLtarVnt CoLLes, Vt arIetes, sIDVs VbI CapItVLare
aDoLphVs CorVsCabat. = 1704

(The year of his reception into the Chapter.)

S i6 FULDA PLA UDENS ET PLANGENS.

aDoLphVs InfVLA, peDoqVe saCratVr, aDornatVr. = 1726

(The year of his election.)
Vt, qVI NGN VIDent, VIDeant, et qVI VIDent, CceCI
fIant. John ix. 39. = 1737

aDoLphVs, eXoptabILIs benefaCtor, et VerVs pater
paVperVM. = 1737

LILIa DaLbergICa nVnC effLorVerVnt, CrVCes eIVs
sIDerIbVs ILLATiE. =s 1737

(The year of the death of the Lily of Dalberg ; see the title-page.)
In CanDorIs aC aMorIs VIrtVte reXIt annIs bIs seX. = 1737

(Alluding to the number of years he reigned, i.e. 12.)
SPONSVS totVs CanDIDVs, atqVe rVbICVnDVs. Cant v. ia= 1737
Vt VItIs frVCtIfICaVI sVaVItateM oDorIs. Eccles. ii 13.= 1737
aDoLphVs prInCeps, et abbas, genVInVs sanCtI patrIs T __
beneDICtI fILIVs, reqVIesCat In paCe CreatorIs nostrI. j "" ''37
aDoLpho pro VIgILantIA pastoraLI sIt LVX, et reMVneratIo
^eVIterna. = 1737

qVonIaM pLaCVerVnt serVIs tVIs LapIDes eIVs. Ps dL 14. = 1735
(The year of his building the palace of Hammelbuig.)
aDoLphVs prInCeps pIVs, aC paCIfICVs fVLgeat, et
CongaVDeat CoronA IVstItIa iETERNA. 2 Tim. iv. 8. = 1737

aDoLpho InterVenIente paranIIMpho, IVstItIa, et paX
osCVLata sVnt. Psalm Ixxxv. la =1737

Os justi meditabitur sapientiam, et LIngVa eIVs LoqVetVr
IVDICIVM. Psahn xxxvii- 30. = 1735

(Alluding to the university founded by him.)
sapIentIa ^DIfICans Ver& DILeXIt, ereXIt pro Deo, et
popVLo. Prov. i» II. = i737

aDoLpho VnIVersItatIs fVnDatorI et ConfgeDeratorI paX,

HONOR ET gLORIa iEVlTERNA. = 1737

Vt In oMnIbVs, InqVe sIngVLIs gLorIfICetVr DeVs. = 1737

(From the Rules of the Order of St Benedict, c. 57.)
stIpate fLorIbVs, qVIa aDoLphI pr^sVLIs eXpIrantIs
aMore LangVeo. Cant ii 5. = 1737

eX tVnC MIserICorDIa, et VerItas obVIabVnt sIbI.=s 1737
Psalm Ixxxiv. (sic)

Here end the well-deserved praises of this worthy man, so far as
the chronograms help to perpetuate them.

^♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦^'♦♦♦♦♦♦'^

Tract No. 12. The tide-page begins, FILIA SIONy sive, etc.
(a congratulation to Prince-Abbot .^andus of Fulda from the
College of Jesuits there, on 20th September), Anno quo
bVChona MILLe sIon eXaCtIs IVbILat annIs, V _

PER qVos tVta stetIt gLorIa saCra CrVCIs. J "" ^'^

There is no further chronogram until page 56, where the subject
is thus concluded —

FULDA FLA UDENS ET FLANGENS. 5 1 7

Epigramma finale chronostichoa
NON Bis qVIna tVas CLaVserVnt SiECVLA Dotes, ) _

saCra sIon ! DeInCeps SiECVLA pLVra faVent. / ' ^^

He afterwards became the first Bishop of Fulda, as appears from
the next tract

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

Tract No. 13. The title-page begins, AMANDUS ecclesiae
Fuldensis, Ordinis S. Benedicti, a Benedicto xiv. pontifice maximo
in cathedralem erectae Primus Episcopus, etc. etc. (a salutation by
the Jesuits at Fulda on 6th February), Anno

prIMVs honore noVo, qVo regnat epIsCopVs Inter ) _

appLaVsVs rVLDiE, faVsta VoVente grege. j ^'53

On the back of the title-page is this * epigramma ' —
DVX arIes, prInCeps renoVato VeLLere DIgnVs )

nostrIs Ver terrIs IVge VIrere DabIt. j '"^

Followed by his armorial device of rams' heads, a long Latin
oration, and then an elegy, * Roma Fuldae,' followed by an elegy

* Responsoria ecclesias Fuldensis,' which ends thus —

hIsCe, peDIqVe noVos, MlTRiEgVE keCentIs honores, ) _

qVos trIbVIs, Veneror: VIVe, VIrago potensI / "" ''S3

Then follows a list in hexameter verse of the Abbots of Fulda from

the year 744 down to 1738, when Abbot Amandus, the eighty-first in

succession, was made the first bishop, and which proceeds thus —

Nunc
Deo et apostoLICA seDe Largas gratIas et )

Dona LargIente j "" ''S3

primus episcopus amandus.
Epigramma in glorianu

MeLChIseDeCh II. = 1753

Primus erat Salem Princeps, magnusque Sacerdos
Melchisedech ; alter, Buchonia terra ! tuus.
Many applauding odes follow, and among them are two chrono-
grams (the first is part of a sentence) —

et PRIMA CatheDrA epIsCopaLI, hoc tempore erectft, etc. = 1753
The other is at the end of an ode —
Vt fVLD-« pyLIos PRfisVL serVetVr In annos, ) _

VsqVe patrI VoVeo: pastor aMateI VaLe. j — ''S3

• The tract concludes with ' Applausus finalis,' entirely in chrono-
gram, printed in the fashion of an inscription, in lines of irregular
length. Such an arrangement would occupy too much space here,
therefore I condense it into the chronogram sentences, thus —

aManDe epIsCope L nobIs eLeCte. s= i753-

Deo, patrI^, et nobIs DILeCte, (sic. This makes 1153.)

AARON A MaGNO LegIsLaTORE ELECTiG GENTI TRADItE, =s 1753

pII MeLChIseDeCh, = 1753

saCerDotIs et regIs saLeM stoLA gLorLe ornate, = 1753

saCerDos aLtIssIMI Cohonbstate! =1753

5i8

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS.

* qVos DIgnos honorIs CoLossos arDet DeVota patrIa \
VIrtVtI tVa pIo Labors VsqVe In astra erIgerb, non > =
potest; VoVere potest: j

VIVat, Io ! aManDVs eX prosapIa bVseCkIana, hVIatIs i __
VrbIs epIsCopVs /

prIMVs VIVat, et peDo pastoraLI, serIs annIs, oVes sVas \ ^
pasCat bonVs pastor, pater patr1«, IVstVs VrbIs atLas
aVspICe beneDICto XIV. rbCens BENsDICTiE soL VerVs \ ^_
ECCLESIiC, Ver IVge beatItatIs aggressVs
ATmcsM raDIIs oLoRliE fVLgeat, prIMVs epIsCopVs
VIVat— VIVat— VIVat.

reVerenDIssIMIs, et perILLVstrIbVs PRiEPOslTis IX.

patronIs sVIs et faVtorIbVs benbfICIs

CLarIssIMIs fortVnat^ et qVaVIs eX parte LastIVs

eXornata patrLe sIDerIbVs,

pontIfICaLes MerIt6 DeCores =

CoLLatos, InsIgnes MItrs spLenDores, =

annVLosqVe Vero faVore, et noVo honore aDDItos eA, ) _

qVA ConVenIt, DeVotIone gratVLatVr /

eaDeM soCIetas L^ttIfICata =

ET beneDIGtIoneM CceLI =

perenneM lis CorDe et ore preCarI,^

Voto DeVoto aVrIfLVos VoVere annos nVnqVaM

obLIVIsCetVr, =

reVerenDIssIMI patres, perILLVstres VIrI, saCratIorIs, ]

YIta prototypa, ter qVaterqVe beatI, serIs annIs > =

VIVant. j

D. beneDICtI patrIarCha orDo fLoreat! =

beneDICta, CLara et Chara eCCLesIa CatheDraLIs, =
RoMANiE seDIs fILIa, reCens Coronata, s=

VeLVtI sponsa VIro sVo ornata, VeLVtI LVna pLena In

DIebVs sVIs nItIDa et aDornata,
faVentIbVs astrIs, aspIrantI nVMInIs DIVInI gratIA,
fVLgeat et LVCe sVA nIteat In perpetVas /eternItates.

17S3

1753
I7S3
»753
I7S3

= 1753
= 1 753

1 753
I7S3

1753

1753
^753

1753

I75J

1753
1753
^753

nss

«7S3

1 ract No. 15 is one that, in the space now at my disposal, it is
impossible to treat in a satisfkctory manner. It consists of thiity-six
pages of Latin odes and epigrams, in which the chronogrammatic
feature is strikingly prominent It would be necessary to transcribe
a very large portion of the contents ; a mere abstract or explanation
would fail to render the chronograms intelligible ; they are com-
pletely intermixed with, and their very words are a part of the

^ This makes 1703, a wroi^ date ; it is so in origioal.

PULDA PLAVDENS ET PLANGENS. 519

subject, and would lose all point and meaning by a separation of one
from the other. I therefore reluctantly confUie this page to a mere
reference to the contents of the tract.

The title-page begins, ' Phcenix ex glorioso S. Bonifacii Germanias
apostoli sepulchro redivivus. Sive applausus votivus/ etc. etc. (On
the death of Bishop Amandus. The offering of the Augustine
monastery at Erfurt) Anno 1753.

A beautifully engraved frontispiece, a structure composed of
columns, enclosing a sarcopha^, on the top of which a fire is burn-
ing; and the phcenix is seen flying off above the smoke with the rays
of the sun shining on it. Emblematical pictures with inscriptions are
hung all over the structiure. Above, a winged child flies bearing the
crozier, and holding the mitre over the phoenix, whilst below on the
steps another winged chUd with a woful countenance, and wearing a
mitre, sits with a cross-staff in one hand, and a sword piercing through
a book in the other; the steps at his feet are inscribed —
* Sepulchrum ejus gloriosum.'

Beneath all is this chronogram —
eCCe bonIfaCII CInIs hIC reqVIesCIt In VrnA )

qVI prIVs antIstes Mogono LVX fVLserat orbI. j '^^

nVnC hAC sVrreXIt phcenIX neo-VIWs aManDVs. = 1753

There are about 94 chronograms and cabalas in this tract Here
is only one more, supposed to represent the shouts and exclamations
at his enthronement —

VIVat )

aManDVs neO-ConstItVtVs epIsCopVs>= 1753

sanVs faVstVs bbatVs. j

Tract Na 18. 'MONUMENTUM MORTIS— AxnxadV
(when Adalbert, the bishop-el.ect of Fulda, celebrated the funeral
obsequies of Axnandus). The title-pap^e has no date.

A cenotaph of very elaborate design was erected, decorated with
a profusion of emblematic pictures and chronogram inscriptions.
The whole is represented in a large engraving, and minutely described.
These are the chronograms ; nearly all quoted from Scripture —

sepVLChrVM eIVs erIt In gLorIa, et VIrtVs IpsIVs ) _
POST fVnera reDVX. j

strVXIt aDaLbertVs pIVs IsthoC LVoVbre peoMa, ) _

Vt stet VIrtVtI posterItatIs honos. j

Labente anno
aC
qVarto DeCeMbrIs.
1756.
Cor eIVs fIDbLx CoraM te. 2 Esdras ix. 8. = 7757

I-

1757

I7S7
1756

S20 FULDA FLA VDENS ET FLANGENS.

CorDb, sIMVL et ore, et opere prInCeps. == i757

aManDVs eCCLesLg NOSTRfi antIstes. = 1757

bVLLa apostoLICa a beneDICto XIV seXto febrVarII ) __ j^-.
reCens ereCtI epIsCopatVs fVLDensIs (6 Feb. 1753). /
Ipse qVasI VItIs frVCtIfICaVIt, et qVasI terebInthVs \

eXtenDIt raMos honorIs GRAxIiE ET honestatIs. Ecdus. > = 1753

Zxiv. 22, 23. )

bonVs MInIster ChrIstI IesV enVtrItVs VerbIs fIDeI. )

I Tim. iv. 6. V = 1757

pontIfeX IVstVs et InnoCens. Heb. il 17. )

beatVs qVIa s. REcVLiE I VgVM portaVIt ab aDoLesCentIa )

sVa. Thr. 3. 27. (sic.) V = 1757

annIs qVInqVagInta et Vno. )

Dat Lenes et IVsto aptas CLeMentIa Leges. = i757

feCIstI opera tVa pLena CoraM Deo, Apoa iil 2. = i757

IVstItIa pLena fVerat DeXtera eIVs: Psalm xlviii 10. ) _ i^c?

LegeMqVe reqVIrebant eX ore ILLIVs. MalachiiL 7. j '^

DIVa aVgVsta erIt IpsI Corona oLoRliE et sertVM ) _

eXVLtatIonIs. Isa- xxviiL 5. In VerItate et IVstItIa. / '^'

HoC epIsCopo, aC abbate, prInCIpe et patrLe patre\

IVstItIa et paX osCVLATiE sVnt, VerItas De terra (

ORTA EST, ET IVstItIa De C<eLo prospeXIt. Psalm ( '^'

Ixxxiv. 10, II. )

qVasI qVI VInDeMIat repLeVIt torCVLar. EccL xxjdiL ) _ 17^7

16. Wis honestatIs IVstItLe et VerItatIs. J *^'

fVLDa prIMo epIsCopo sanCte parentat. = i7S7

aManDo reCtore patrLe saLVs et proteCtIo. = 1757

fortIor Morte DILeCtIo prInCIpIs nostrL Cant viiL 6. = 1757

aManDVs pro IVrIbVs patrI^ VeLVtI herCVLes stetIt, ) _

ea propVgnaVIt, serVaVIt. / *"

proteCtor noster In teMpore trIbVLatIonIs. Ps. xxxviL 39. j

ET VIsItatIonIs NOSTRfi In VIrga. Ps. Ixxxix 32. J- = i7S7

InDVtVs VIrtVte eX aLto. Luc xxiv. 49. j

tVnC stabat In VerItate IVstVs In Magna ConstantIa )

aDVersVs EOS, qVI se angVstIaVerVnt. Sap. (Wisdom) v. i. j '^ '

HoC ABBATE fVLDa stetIt annos MILLe. = 1 75 7

In eo bene CoMpLaCVIt Deo. Matt, xvil s- = ^757

aManDVs sobrIe, IVste et pIe VIXIt. Titus il 12. Vere ) __

CreatVs In IVstItIa et sanCtItate VerItatIs. Eph.iv. 24. j '^'

VIas VIt^ et VerItatIs tV^e eLegI, IVDICIa IVstItI-® ) _

TViE NON sVM obLItVs. Ps. 3cv.11; cxviiL 7, 30. {sic.) ] '^'

CorpVs In serVItVteM reDIgo. i Cor. ix. 27. Vt]

InhabItet In eo VIrtVs ChrIstI. 2 Cor. xiL 9. etVt>= 1757

Ipse VIVat In eo non ego. GaL il 20. )

POTENS TRANSGREDI NON EST TRANSGRESSVs, FACeRE MaLa )

ET NON FECIt. ECCIUS. XXXI. lO. ( '^'

VIXIt ! et e VI Vis prInCepsqVe paterqVe reCessIt 1 \_

heV! PATRliE pater, ET totVs aManDVs abest. j '^'

FULDA PLAUDENS ET PLANGENS. 5*1

faLLor ! NON obIIt : sVperest post fVnera VIrtVs : )

haC VIVa, nobIs VIWs aManDVs erIt. / = ^'57

On a scroll beneath his coat-of-arms —
pIIs et reCtIs CorDe erIt LiExIrlA seMpIterna. Ps.=a 1757
xcvi II. {siCj but ? xvi. 11.)

Tract No. 19. • CIV IT AS SUPRA MONTEM tisXntoA'mm^,
et Lucema supra candelabrum aureum posita/ etc. etc (In praise of
the two brothers, princes of the Holy Roman empire, John Philip von
Wallderdorff, and Adalbert, the Archbishop of Treves and the Bishop
of Fulda.) Auctore Eudoxo Romano Catholico Genii Nathanaelis
Amico. [Confluentiae 1757.I

The contents are printed in a fanciful manner. On the back of
the title-page is a star full of their praises, and on the next two pages
is an ' Eucharistic ode,' in forty-six lines, having a large capital letter
to every word, which of themselves form a set of words distinct from
those to which they belong, making congratulation within the ode in
praise of Adalbert

Another poem terminates with these lines —
qVoD VoVI hoC fIet: VI Vet, CresCetqVe phILIppVs, )
atqVe CVpressI Instar toLLet aDLata CapVt.^ j '5'

VIVet aDaLbertVs, qVI sICVt oLIVa VIresCIt ) ^

aC paCIs frVCtVs arbor aDaVCta feret. j "* '57

His fVLDa aVgVstIs treVIrIsqVe ornata CoLVMnIs, )
stabVnt Vt tVrres, qVas tenet Ipsa sIon.* / '^'

Cum Daniele Librum signo tempusque statutum,
Quas pro nunc desunt, Numine dante feret.

(Here ends the tract.)

Tract No. 21. * SID US NOVUM quot radiis coronatum
tot gloriosis vaticiniis ecclesiae et patriae bene ominosum in coelo
Buchoniae exortum,' etc. (A gratulation from the Society of the
Jesuits at Fulda, when Adolphus, by the authority of the Holy See,
consecrated Stephen a Free Baron of * Clodh ex Hennen,' as Bishop
of Fulda, on 12th March), anno
qVo stephanVs nostrIs In terrIs prIMVs aDoLpho )

a PATRliE PATRE ET PRInCIpE, PRfiSVL ERAT. ... J ' '

There are many odes and other poetical compositions in this tract,
arranged in nine groups termed *the rays of the New Star,' The
ninth is an address, printed in irregular lines in the fashion of an
inscription, and contains the following chronograms —

> Ecdenasticos L li. * Daniel xii. 4.

522 FULDA FLA UDENS ET FLANGENS,

sIDVs

^"^ >= 1727

stephanVs ' ' '

LIber-baro De CLoDh natVs eX hbnmen.

noVa noVo oMIne

soCIetas bVChona . _

sVb stephano ' ' '

gaVDe !

I-

Votum.
aD MVLtos annos neo-VIVat epIsCopVs ! annos ) ^

nestorIs, In terrIs; et sIne fIne poLoI j ' '

Epigramma vottvum.
LoNGiBVos patrLe pater annos VIVat aDoLphVs ; ) __
ANNOS, prIMI annI prInCIpe sorte pares ! I 7 7

Tract No. 22. 'FLANCTUS MAGNUS super Stephanum,'
informs us that Bishop Stephen died in the same year, that of his con-
secration, 1727 ; happily ! there were no chronograms on the occasion.

Three more tracts in praise of other

Bishops of Fulda

conclude

this very unique volume.

GERMAN ALBUMS.

» N the manuscript department of the British Museum is
a collection of German albums, comprising about five
hundred volumes, and extending over a period from
the middle of the sixteenth to late in the eighteenth
century. They were used mostly by men of literary
and scholastic occupation, to receive the autograph contributions of
their friends, which consist generally of original compositions, pro-
verbs, and extracts from Latin and Greek writers, and conclude with
expressions in flattering language, dedicating the contribution to the
learned and worthy possessor of the volume. Some of the contribu-
tions are dated by chronograms. I carefully examined the whole
collection, and made the following extracts, about 150 in number,
probably Exhausting the chronographic element as represented in
these curious manuscripts.

The volumes are also interesting for their varied contents, such
as drawings, heraldry, music, etc, together with writing in German,
French, English, and other European languages, Latin and Greek,
Hebrew, Ethiopic, and some other Oriental languages. The auto-
graphs and signatures of men eminent in rank and learning are to be
found in most of the volumes, whilst the specimens of the bookbinder's
art, whether they be in the original condition or are from necessity
the modern substitute for original work, are equally attractive and
worthy of particular notice.

The catalogue of the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum,
printed in 1808, long before the volumes under notice became a part
of our great national collection, playfully describes one German
album thus : * A paper book in 8vo, bound long-wise, being one of

524 GERMAN ALBUMS.

those which Germans call albums, and are much used by the young
travellers of that nation, who commonly ask a new acquaintance
(even at their first meeting) to write some sentence therein with a
compliment to the owner's learning, good sense, etc, which done, the
names so gotten are laid before the next new face ; and the young
man upon all occasions, especially at his return, by these hands
demonstrates what good company he has kept' I am informed that
the fashion of keeping such albums still prevails in Germany, and
that the young ladies of that empire are doing their best to support it.

The following two extracts show the usual form of the contribu-
tion, and its dedication to the owner of the album ; but as there is
much similarity throughout the whole series of albums, the dedica-
tion will afterwards be omitted unless needed to exemplify the
chronograms.

The numbers cited are those in the British Museum Catalogue
of the albums.

[1220.] Album of Johannes Opsimathes, Moravi, ue, of Mahren in

Austria, 1595 to 1620.

DoMIne IesU ChrIste pr>esto sis nobIs. 16 10. Then follow

a contribution in French, and one in Latin, with this dedication,

'Gratae recordationis et observantia ergb scribebat in Fatria, Paulo

Makowicz C. Hunnobroden. Sis Patritius. Anno DoMInI IesU

ChrIstI. 22. Mart Le. O Lord Jesu Christy he thou near us, 1610.

— In the year of our Lord Jesus Christy 2 2d March. = 1 6 1 o

Also this contribution — ^Vince teipsum, Caetera vinces ; Nosce
teipsum, Caetera nosces. — ^Viro politissimo, elegantissimo Dn: Job:
Opzimati Moravo, amoris eigo inscribam Genevse Allobrogum Joh:
Weidnerus, Sil: Medicinae D. mense Octobri, anno seD LIbera
Nos A MaLo. i.e. In the year^ But deliver us from eviL = 1601

Also a contribution thus dated — ^Anno In te gnate DeI spes
EST MIserere preCantIs. Le. In thee, O Son of God, is hope; pity
thy suppliant. = 1604

[1274.] Album of Hieron3rmus Steyrcex of Nuremberg; this contri-
bution is by the pastor of a church there —

Roman: viii. 33. Nemo accusabit electos Dei — Nam, Mediatoris
Christi vulnera abluunt peccata. i Joh: i. 7. In fIne VIDebIMVs
C VIVs tonI. ie. In the end we shall see of what tone {or value) each
man is, = 1626

[1268.1 Album of Johannes Schweber; a contribution is dated, Die
29 Juiii . ANNO ChrIstVs DIrIgat VIas Meas VbIs. i.e. May
Christ direct my ways where he wills. = 1626

GERMAN ALBUMS. 5«S

[1x94.] Album of John de Thau; a contribution dated, viiL id*
Septembris, Anno quo nostra aCaDeMIa IensIs fLorebat.
i.e. In the year in which our University of Jena was flourishing, = 1653

Another — In DoMIno, nostra ConsIstIt gLorIa.. le.Inthe
Lord consists our glory, = 1655

Another— Hanc tabulam affiget — ^pereximii et praestantissimi
Domini possessoris, fautoris, et amici sui CoLenDIssIMI. 29 Nov.
Paulus Rinelius Phil: Stud: i>. Paul JRind places this tablet— of tJu
most distinguished and most excellent gentleman the possessor of this
alburn^ his patron and most-to-be-cultivated friend, = 1653

Another is thus dedicated and dated — Faucis hisce pereximio et
docdssimo Dn: possessori fautori amico et ejusdem mensae socio per-
quam MIhI DILeCto memoriam mei commendo Kal. Xbris.
i,e. In these few words I commend the memory of myself to my very
excellent and learned master^ the owner of the album^ patron^ friend^
and companion of the same tabhy and much beloved by me. The
calends rf December, = 1653

[1573.] Album of Tobias Oelhafen of Nuremberg; a contribution
dated, Tiibingen 3. Octob: anno DeVs CoMes tWs portVnet
Iter. i,e. May God thy companion prosper thy Journey, = 162 1

[1275.] Album of Mich. Conr. Ernest. 1624 to 1631 —
sIt VerI ERNESTO, VerbVM CVstoDIa lOHViE. Ex Malach,
cap. iii. 7. i,e. May the word in tJu custody of the true Jehovah be to
Ernest, =s 1629

Another, dated Altdorf Die 3. Julii anno VerbVM Conserves
6 DeVs atqVe tVos. i,e, O God^ mayest thou preserve thy word and
thy people, = 1630

[1202.] Album commencing 1584 contains these dates —
MIhI DeVs VnVs pIe LVXIstI. i,e. O one God, thou hast piously
shone on me. = 1585

CrVX DoMInI. t,e. The cross of the Lord. = 1617

[1245.] Album Tobiae Taufreri. Med Doct. Argentorati, Die xiii Julii
ANNO IesV NATE DeI, sIt tIbI CVra MeI. i,e. At Strasburg
i^thjuly in the year, OJesu Son of God may the care of me be thine,rs, 1616

Another — IesVs ChrIstVs reDeMptor noster. le. Jesus
Christ our Redeemer, =s 1612

Another — ai^o. InDVperante MatthIa Caesare, Ungaro

REGE.

i,e, Matthicu the ruling Emperor {of Germany), King of Hungary, = 1 6 1 a

[1235.] fIDIMVs ChrIsto. i.e. We trust in Christ. = 1608

[1283.] Album of Matth: Luther of Nuremberg. A contribution by

Nicolaus Molitor, Deacon of St Lawrence Church, Nuremberg —

Nil magis nocet in ecclesia quam versuta simulatia — ^aVXILIVM

E zIIoN reDIIt sVper Israel. 15. Martii.

i.e. Nothing is more hurtful in the church than crafty deceit. Help has

returned over Israel from Zion, 15M March. = 1632

526 GERMAN ALBUMS.

Another — Da paCeM IesU : bona paX sIt In orbs
qUIbUsVIs.

Le. Givepeace^ O Jesus : may good peace be in the world to all nun. = 1^35
[17487.1 Album of Geo: Frid: Behaim. This chronogram gives the
name of the contributor, and marks the date —
IVstInIanVs ernestVs DoMInVs a WeLz LIber baro In
ebersteIn. ue. Justinian Ernest^ Lord of Welz, fru Baron o/Eber-
stein, [The same is in two other albums.] =s 1637

Another — ^The date is given by this hexameter verse —
Londini Britannorum ; 4^ Id' Aprilis Anno salutis humanse,
qVo tanDeM terrIs IVs aC paX fIXa resVrgat.
i.e. Written at London in Britain the 28M April in the year of human
salvation^ In which at length right, and settled peace, may rise again
upon earth. =s 1638

[17083.1 Album of Thomas Cuming has this contribution —
DIVItIIs praCeLLIt honos aC VIVIDa VIrtVs,

VIrtVtI ChrIstVs, reX tIbI ChrIste nIhIL.
i.e. Honour cuid lively virtue excel riches, Christ excels virtue, the king is
nothing to thee, O Christ = 1616

[28633.] Album of J. Gheselius M.D. 161 1 to 1650.

The following chronographic lines in the form of an epitaph to a
certain ' distinguished man in Germany/ are on a fragment of printed
paper inserted at the end of the volume —
sCIens terra Vanas res esse nIhIL qVe,

hIC nVnC IaCeo trIstIs et VMbra nIhIL.
.e. As knowing the things of the earth to be vain and nothing, here I
now Ite sad and a shadow — nothing. = 15^9

In the same volume a contribution is thus dated ; the first line is
according to the new style calendar which was then in use in Germany,
the second is according to the old style which was used in England
until 1751, the third is again according to the old style —
ANNO. en CVpIs aternVM VIVere? VI Ve Deo. = 1633

£t stylo Anglicano.
ChrIstVs hoMo natVs, DeVs est, et VbIqVe gVbernat. = 163 a

£t rursus Ao : 1633.
ChrIstVs hoMo patItVr, DeVs est, et VbIqVe gVbernat. = 1633
i.e. Lol desirest thou to live for ever f Live to God. Christ bom man,
is God, and everywhere governs. Christ man suffered, he is God, and
everywhere governs.

[1279.] Album of Matth: Paul Fetzer of Nuremberg has this verse —
DoneC erVnt CoeLo steLLa ConCorDIa VIVet,

ETSi tVrBA PAPiE LITE REFERTA fVIt !

i.e. So long as there shall be stars in heaven, concord shall Itve, although

the mob of the Pope be stuffed with strife. =3 1630

Another hexameter —
AotVotivo, aVrea paX patrIjE Da IoVaVe McenIa CIngat.
i,e. In the votive year, grant, O Jehovah, that golden peace may encircle
the walls of our country = 1629

GERMAN ALBUMS, 527

1227.] A contribution is dated, 12 August : Anno,
"Ver gott nICht Mix Vns DIse zeIt.
i,e. If God were fwt ivith us this time. = 1619

[19066.] ANNO, DeVs six nobIsCVM.

f>. In the year ^ may God be with us, =1612

ANNO QUO, IesVs preCes Meas aVDIex.

i,e. In the year, may Jesus hear my prayers. = 16 12

[15735.] si DeVs pro nobIs erIxne Conxra nos hoMo.

i,e. If God be with us, man will be against us, = 1608

ANNO, MeDIoCrIa xVxa sInx.

i,e. Let moderate things be safe, = 1608

[15660.] ANNO, IesVs nobIsCVM DeVs. i.e. Jesus God with us.=: 1617

[1272.] DeVs VIWs sxax nobIsCVM.

i,e. The /iving God stands with us, = 1627

[1222.] Another album — In MeDIo ConsIstIx VIrxVs.
i,e. Valour consists in a middle course, = 161 5

[147 1.] Album of Hieronymus Pius Mair.
MoRXE DeCor, neC non ferxVr sVb fVnere fVnVs
heV qVoxVs oppressVs posxerIxaxIs obIx.
Memento Dei mortis mel
i.e, (Doubtful) TTiere is beauty in death, also funeral after funeral is
borne along. Alas / how many an oppressed one of posterity dies, =r 1748
MINOR EGO DeVs I benefICIIs xVIs LargIs. Genesis xxxii. 10.
Anno ut supra. = 1666

i.e. The verse referred to is, * 7 am not worthy of the least of all the
mercies, which thou hast shewed unto thy servant ;* in the year 1666.
[27310.] A contribution is thus neatly dated by the name of the place
where written — franCfVrxI seCVs VIaDrVM.

i.e. At Francfurt on the Oder, = 1722

[1420.] Album of Christian Frideric Rasca of Nuremberg.
eXVLxabo ex Laexabor In MIserICorDIa xVa. Psalm xxxi. 7.
i.e, I will be glad and rejoice in thy mercy, = 1 724

A contribution is thus dedicated to him —
ChrIsxIanVs frIDerICVs rasCa sanCx^ xheoLogIa aC
PHILOSOPHISE sxVDIosVs, E franCIs. Altdorfi Die xiiL Octob.
i.e. Christian Frideric Fasca, student of sacred philosophy from
France [or Franconia ?]. rs 1 7 29

[1598.] Album of Geo: Clausner. A contribution by a medical
Student, is thus signed and dated —

loANNES heInrICVs sChVssenIVs MeD. ss. Altdorfi Die 5
Aprilis. S3 1719

[1385.] Album of John Hagen, student at law ; a contribution is thus
dated and signed —

Coloniae Agripp. Die x 5 mensis MaiiloANNSS ruMoLDVs LeVCken. = 1 7 1 1
Medic. D. i.e. At Cologne, 15M May ijii, John Rumold Leuken,
Physician, [Faulty because the letter u is not counted]

598 GERMAN ALBUMS.

tijoj.] Album of Martin Siger Pfintzing of Nuremberg. A contri-
ution of German poetry is followed by these two chronographic
lines —

HERRM pfInzIngk ICh nVn FORT In gottes sChVz eInsChLIsse
Von cott naCh sInnes VWnsCh IhM notIgs rVh erfLIsse.
i.e. I commend to the mercy of God Mr, Pfinzingk^ and pray for him
irfter the wish of God^ that His needful peau may flow out on him. s 1 645

[1426.] Album of Job. Frid. Durr. This hexameter, dated Altdorf,

November 1731, expresses the good wishes of the writer towards

him —

DVrr fLoreat VIVat, MVLtos CVrratqVe per annos.

/.^ May Durr flourish^ live, and run through many years. = 1631

[17815.] Album Emerani Lerchenfelderi. A handsome volume con-
taining much heraldry and many autographs. A contribution of seven
Latin hexameter and pentameter verses concerning him, of which
the lines 59 and 60 are these, alluding to his birth —
et ter septenos soLes ostenDerat orbI

IanVs Vt es natVs grate eMerane patrI. =s 1568

And lines 97 and 98, alluding to his death —
Mors InopIna pares anno praDatVr In Vno,

atqVe tegVnt parIter LenIa bVsta pares. = 1580

Le. January had shown twia seven suns to the worlds when thou wert
bom^ O Emeranus, dear to thy father. — Utiexpected death devours these
equals in one year ^ and a modest tomb equally covers equals.

SI 409.] Album, von Welser, a contribution is thus signed and dated,
rom Jena — g. bVChnerVs rVDersDorffIo-eIsbnbergensIs

PHlLOSOPHliG ET THEOLOGliE STVDIosVs.

i.e. G. Buchner of Eudersdorff-Eisenburgy student of philosophy and
theology at Jena. = 173 s

Another— saMVeL gottLeb XenoDoChIVs. Jenae, 26 Jun.
i.e. Samuel Gottleb^ one who offers hospitality. " =s 1721

^ Album of Gea Sigf. Raspius. A contribution from Veldt-

fs dedicated and dated chronographically —
HoC DoMIno raspIo sInCerVs serWs pro sIgno XenII.
i.e. This, to Master Raspy his sincere servant offers as a mark of
hospitality. = 1731

1389.] A contribution is thus neatly signed and dated —

'IChaeL bernharD VaLentInI. Giessen, 30 Decemb. = 1708

[1438.] Album of Baier. A contribution written at Altdorf is

thus dated —

IVD-fio, aC MVLIere, nIhIL In orbe peIVs eXIstIt. = 1733

i.e. ITiere is nothing in the world worse than a Jew and a woman.

No explanation is given of the writer's motive for expressing this

bitter sentiment The next extract is from a man of a (Afferent turn

of mind.

GERMAN ALBUMS, 529

[1590.] Album of C. C. S. Holkschuher ab Anspach. A contribution

by one Sebastianus Balbus is thus dated —

ANNO qVo feLICI: DVXIt theresIaM LotharIngVs : Ita

seqVere. Dabam Vinnae in Austria, Die 6 Martii 1736. ue. The

happy year in which the man of Lorraine married Theresa: do thou

alsofollaw} = 1736

[1583.] A contribution by a friend is dated Altdorf, loth March 17 17,

but without a chronogram ; it is, however, followed by a chronogram

written by a different hand in pale ink —

renoVabaM sic parIsIIs IDIbVs oCtobrIs. = 17 17

i.e, I renewed our friendship thus at Paris on the ides of October.

[1338.] A long contribution in German thus concludes —

Mix DIesen Worten trostet sICh seLbst. = 1663

i>. With these words he consoles himself (Signed,) Jacob Sturm.

[1345-] Album of Justus Jac. Miiller, has a contribution, dated, anno,

DIe LVstIge VnD CrItIsIrenDe katze. = 1665

i>. The gay and criticising cat. The joke is not explained.

[15845.] Album of Geo. Chr. Hochmann. A contribution of a

* column * of German verses is dated and dedicated —

anno, ."nVn herr hoChMann seIn haVs hat VIeL

aVsgestanDen. = 1672

Viro nobilissimo praestantissimo, juxta ac doctissimo Domino Georgio

Christophoro Hochmanno (et non Hoffmanno injusto) hanc honoris

et amoris columnam erexit Gambrivae | anno ut supra (and signed)

Johannes Schinckelius, Bemborg.

i,e. The year in which now the house of Mr, Hochmann has suffered

muchy 1th July 1672. This Hochmann seems to have suffered wrong

at the hands of a certain dishonest Hoffmann, and thus the sympathy

of his friend Schinckel is excited.

[1355,] Album of Geo. Jac. Lang of Nuremberg, has a beautifully

written contribution in Latin and German, dated by this hexameter —

VIrtVtIs staDIo VenIet tIbI CVLMen honorIs. = 1677

The same in German—
DVrCh gefVhrten tVgenD LaVff

steIgt DIe ehre hoher aVff. = 1677

i,e. By the path of virtue thou wilt reach thepinncule of honour.
Another — bLeIbe bey Vns Denn es WILL abenD WerDen, = 1677
i,e. Remain with us, for it is towards evening. Adapted from Luke
xxiv. 29.

[1190.] A dedication is thus dated by allusion to the ruling signs of
the Zodiac — Scribebat tempore hie assignato, soL transIt geMInos,
CanCrI qVoqVe sIgna rVbesCVnt, h^eC VbI sCrIpta fero.
i,e. The sun is passing through Gemini^ the signs also of Cancer are red
when I offer these things written, = 1 58 1

' ■ ■ ■ < ■ ■ t —

' MariA Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, married
Francis of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, in 1736.

S30 GERMAN ALBUMS.

[1540.] Album of Tobias Fabricius of Nuremberg. Anno recuperatae
salutis humanse, quo Deo supplicavimus Da nobIs paCeM. =5 1601

Another date — ^wer sChMIret Der fehrt. ue. He who takes the
trouble to grease his wheels drives well. = 1 60 1

Also these obscurely expressed chronograms on the death of Gustavus
Adolphus of Sweden— Im jahr de abgeschafil I geDuLD VerstrYb
gVstaWs aDoLphVs. i.e. In the Resent year was abolished^ and
with patience expired^ Gustavus Adolphus. [But he was killed at the
battle of Liitzen, i6th November 1632.] = 1631

MIuLLer thranen Verstarb gVstaphVs aDoLphVs. i.e. Midler
in tears y Gustavus Adolphus is dead. [Not the date of his death.] = 167 1

[^5^45*] On the death of Gustavus Adolphus, this hexameter verse —

saLVator patrIa MorItVr gVstaWs aDoLphVs.

i.e. Gustavus Adolphus^ the saviour of his country^ is dead. = 1632

^1289.] Nurembergae xiv. Cal. Augusti, anno quo omnes boni opta-
lant [hexameter line borrowed from a medal] —
Mars pereat frenDens, aC nos paX LiETA reVIsat. ue. On
the igth 0/ August, in the year which all good nien desired, may raging
war perish and may joyful peace revisit us. =1 666

[11 88.] Album of Gregorius Forberger of Nuremberg —

VerVs DeVs reX et saLVator MeVs.

i.e. My true God, King, atid Saviour. = 1585

Another — Mense Aprili Anno a Deo VenIt aVXILIVM.

ue. In the month of April and year. From Godcometh help. = 1578

Another contribution containing a date by hexameter and pentameter

verse : — 'Juris precepta tria sunt : honeste vivere : neminem Isedere :

jus suum cuique tribuere —

gangoLphVs VersV gaLaCeVs optat In hoCCe

Vt pyLaDIs Cernas nestorIs atqVe DIes.
Gangolphus Galeaceus juris utriusque candidatus scribebat hsec, etc.
etc, 17 Augusti, anno 1584.'

ue. The ndes of right are thru : to live honestly: to hurt nobody : to
give every one his due. Gangolphus Galeaceus wishes in this verse that
you may see the days of Pylades and Nestor. = 1 584

Gangolphus Galecueus, candidate in Laws, wrote this i ith August 1584.
{At Luneburg University).

[1489.] Album of Johannes David Schoepf—

aegrotI aVXILIo, MeDICe ! raresCant tVo.

Frater carissime ! Sit tibi amoris mei quam maximb monumentum.

ue. The sick become scarce, O physician, by thy assistance I O dearest

brother ! may this be to thee the greatest memorial of my love. = ^ 7 74

115852.] Album of John Frederic Wagner, a contribution of thirteen
ines of Latin verse addressed to him, the last line of which gives the
date thus —

Ch^Iste tIbI Vero DoMIno VeroqVe lEHoViE.
i.e. O Christ to thee, the true Lord and true Jehovah. = 1625

GERMAN ALBUMS. 53 1

[1385.] IesVs Coronat DIMICantes. 20 Aug.

i,e, Jesus crowns the combatants, = 1 708

[1222.] ANNO, hoDIe MIhI, Cras erIt tIbI.

i,e, Tchday to me, to-morrow it will be for thee, = 1606

ANNO, SPES Mea CeRTA DeVs.

i,e. God is my sure hope, = 1605

agenDVM siNCERk. i,e. We must act sincerely, s= t6o6

[1396.] Album of Joh. Jac Carbach has these dates —

heV. In. hoC. aVo. res. Inter. MortVa. Can Dor.

i,e, Alas, in this age candour is a dead thing, = 1 7 1 7

aVro postponI non Debet CertVs aMICVs.

i,e, A sure friend ought not to be esteemed less than gold, = 1 7 1 7

[1265.] A contribution dated at Nuremberg —

ANNO, pIe ChrIste, Instat rVIna MVnDI serVa pIos.

i,e. Righteous Christ ! the destruction of the world is at hand, preserve the

righteous, s= 162 1

[1207.] ANNO, qVI Vero perseVeraVerIt VsqVe aD fInsM,

saLVVs erIt.

i,e. He who shall persettere to the end shall be saved. = 1 594

[17342.] Album of Chr. Oelhafn contains these dates — Altorfi 20
Martii Annoque rerVM VICIssItVDo Instat. i,e. The change of
all things is at hand, = 161 9

ANNO, LIBERA NOS tV DeVs A fVtVrO MaLO.

i,e. Do thou, O God, deliver us from future evil, = 162 1

ANNO, DoMIne IesV faC sIt nobIs paX In terrIs.

i,e, O Lord Jesus, bring it topers that peace may be to us on earth, = 162 1

[17343-] 'Album amicorum pro familia Girbertorum,' 1579 to

1 73 1, vellum pages throughout, and much heraldry, has these two

hexameter dates —

ANNO QUO, VIVIDa paX ChrIstI serVet nos tempore trIstI.

i,e. May the Irving pecue of Christ preserve us in the time of sorraiv, = 1631

anno, Det paCeM IesUs nobIs VIVentIbUs UnUs !

i,e. May the one Jesus give pecue to us living, = 1634

[19066.] Album has a contribution dated by these two lines —

perpes es, pater oMnIpotens, sis DVCtor eVentI, = 16 13

prIMa ChrIstI aDVentVs. = 16 13

i,e. Thou art perpetual, O Almighty Fatlur, be thou ruler of tlie eifent,

— The first coming of Christ, [Same album at p. 527, ante,"]

[1547.] Another album has this date —

ANNO, NON PROCVL EST eXtREMa DIeS.

ie. The last day is not far off, = 1666

Another — ^anno, MVnDVs stVLtItI^e pLenVs.

i,e. The world is full of folly, = 1622

[19067.] Another — ^te eXpeCto MI IesV, abVenIens VenI, et

NE tarDarIs.

i,e. I expect thee, my Jesus, come and do not tarry, = 1630

532 GERMAN ALBUMS,

[i9477'] ^^^^^^ — DIsCe MorI. i.e. Learn to dU, = 1602

[1248.] Album of Joh. Steuber ; a contribution is dated —
ANNO, MVnDVs est bVLLa. i.e. The world is a bubble. = 161 3

Another— ANNO, IVDICabIMVr. i.e. We shall be judged. = 16 13

[15719.] Album of J. J. Breittinger. A contribution is thus signed —
Burkhardus Lemoigne Tigherinus, verbi Dei in patria minister, haec
scripsit mense Martii. Anno Virginis partus 1593. ^Etatis suae 6^^
[and in another handwriting] obiit Afio: 161 3. Ad encoenia Tig:
IVDICIVM 1 i.e. He died at the dedication festival at Tergernsee (/)
Judgment I [This single word occurs in two other albums.] = 1613

It is not explained why this word should be shouted after him.
[1272.] Album of Erasmus Topler of Nuremberg. A contribution from
Juvenal, Satire 8, v. i, * Stemmata quid faciunt,' etc., down to * unica
virtus,' and dated —

ANNO, ESTOTE pII et sobrII, qVIa IVDICIVM Vere prope est.
i.e. What signify your coats of arms^ etc. ; Be ye pious and sober j because
judgment truly is near. = 1628

Another is dated, paX aVt IVDICIVM.

i.e. Peace or judgment. = 1628

[1240.] Album of Andreas Cnospius has these dates —
8 Janu: anni ChrIstVs est noster MeDIator. = 1607

Die 4 Octob: anno quo, popVLVs IesV VaLDe preMItVr.
i.e. In the year in which the people of Jesus is greatly oppressed. = 1627

4 Julii AO: MeDIatorIs ChrIstI pIIs benIgne assIstentIs. = 1609
i.e. In the year of Christ the Mediator kindly assisting the pious people.

And this contribution : * Hilarius ' — Hoc habet proprium ecclesia ;
dum patitur floret : dum opprimitur crescit : dum contemnitur proficit :
dum Iseditur vincit : dum arguitur intelligit :

tVnC STAT qWM sVperarI VIDetVr.
i.e. The church hath this property ; while it suffers it flourishes ; while
it is oppressed it increases ; while it is despised it advances ; whUe it is
hurt it overcomes ; while it is convicted it understands; Then it stands
when it seems to be overcome. = 1632

Another is dated — D. 9. Novemb: anno quo beLLOna InIqva et
ATRoX VastaVIt et DIrIpVIt IenaM. = 1632

i.e. The ^th November in the year when wicked and fierce Bellona
plufidered and laid waste the town of Jena. [There are two faults in
the original : the v in 'iniqua' is small, and probably not intended to
be counted ; and the following word is ac, which would cany the date
100 years too far j I have therefore substituted et.]
[1227.] Album with this contribution and date —

Mergitur uter sed non submergitur; Sic,

Premitur ecclesia sed non supprimitur.
Anno. tVrba rVet pap-*: : Da pLaVsVM gens LVtherana.
i.e. The bottle sinks but is not drowned; Thus, the church is oppressed
but not suppressed. The mob of the Pope may rush; applaud, O
Lutheran people. [See No. 1279 at P^g^ S^^f ««/^] = 1625

GERMAN ALBUMS. 533

ti230.] Album of Andr. Ludov. Schopper, of Nuremberg. A contri-
lution in Hebrew and Latin is dated —
ANNO — DILIgaMVs fontes Israel.
ue. We will love thy fountains^ O Israel = 1608

At page 184 is this elaborate and characteristic dedication, followed
by an hexameter line alluding to some pestilence. — Pauca hsec
humanissimo et doctissimo viro juveni Dn: M. Andrea Ludovico
Schoppero L.L. studiosissimo amico suo plurimum honorendo in sui
memoriam Altedorffi Noricorura ponebat Johannes Vogelius Noriber-
gensis Cal: Nov: Anno quo,
TER faMosa LVes aLtDorfI InVaserat oras.

/>. The thrice famous pestilence has invaded the borders of Altdotf. = 16 12
Another is dated — DeVs a tVIs pesteM peLLe BENlcNk.
i,e. O Gody kindly drive the plague from thy people. = 161 2

[1183.] Album of Jacobus Biichmer of Halle, 1562 to 1575 —
Annus mortis Sigismundi Episcopi Magdeburgensis,

VIta sIgIsMVnDI Longa perIt PAXRliE. = 1566

Tonsio barbarum in tota ditione episcopatiis.

Longa sIgIsMVnDo barba IVbente perIt. = 1564

i,e. The year of the death of Sigismund^ Bishop of Magdeburg, The
long life of Sigismund perishes to his country. — The shaving of beards
in the whole jurisdiction of the bishop. The long beard perishes at the
command of Sigismutid. = 1564

This seems to be a joke, associating the long life of the bishop
with long beards, and the chronogram a record of his abolishing the
beards of his clergy; while it is on record that he died on the 14th of
September 1566, at the early age of twenty-eight years.

Another hexameter records a bad hailstorm. The play on the
words, however, is not bad —

frIbergas LapIDes VenIebant granDIne granDe.
i.e. The stones came grandly in hail at Friberg. = 1559

[1342.] A quotation from Cicero, 7 Fam. Ep. 12, contains the date
of the contribution ; < Budessinae . 23 Feb. Ao. 1664.*
forMVLa FlDVCIiE; Inter bongs bene agIer oportet.
i.e. A rule of fidelity; amongst the good, deeds shotild be good. Bautzen,
i^d February. = 1664

Another j these words occur in the dedication to the owner of the
album—* Cui, ad loca clariora abeunti seCVnDIssIMa QViELlBET.'
/. e. To whom departing to a hig?ier position, we wish the greatest blessings. = 1663
[15851.] Album of John Vander Waeyden. A contribution signed
by the minister of the church at Ziirich, and dated —
In solemnitate sacrae Eccl: Helvet: Refor: Die xxiv Maii, anno
pLaCeat Deo thUregUM.

i.e. May Zurich be pleasing to God. = 1660

[1267.] Album of Mich: Ortegel. A contribution is dated — Altdorfi,
anno eX aCaDeMIa VnIVersItas.

i.e. At Altdorf in the year {a man cliosen) out of the whole university.^ 1623
The same occurs twice in album No. 1262.

534 GERMAN ALBUMS.

[1325.] Album of Christopher Rosner, Nurembeigy a oontribation
dated D.S.Jul: anni quo vovemus six abVnDantIa paCIs In
MoenIbVs VrbIs hVIVs, qVIn et In orbe VnIVbrso-
i.e. May there be abundance of peace within the walls cftJkiscityf nay

even in the whole world. = i^S^

[1262.] Hexameter date at page 136. The writing is very pale and

almost rubbed out—

norIca qVot eLIVs opVLenta nVMIsmata cuDIt.

i.e. In Norica^ Elius struck so many splendid medals. = 1624

The chronogram is very faulty, because four letters, making 1205,
are not counted.

[125 1.] Album of Geo. Wolf has this contribution, Anno
D\OC transyLVanVs DIVInA sorte notatVr

reX noVVs VNGARliE : DIgnaqVe rege gerIt.
i.e. The Duke of Transylvania by divine choice is named King of
Hungry; and he bears matters worthy of king. = 1620

Another — Omnia mea mecum porta Scripsit anno—
ViB, atqVe ViE tIbI o aVstrIa : ViE atqVe

ViB, qVIa IaM VaLeDIXIt tIbI hVngarIa.

1 1 Junii Anno ut supra.
Le. WoCj and woe to thee^ O Austria^ Woe and woe because Hungary Aas
fww taken leave of thee. = ^^^^

[1296.] Album of Frid: Michaelis of Nuremberg. A contribution of
Latin verses, alluding to the state of war then existing with Turkey,
concludes with this hexameter and pentameter * Eteostichon * —
eLatI gaLLI rabIeM, bone ChrIste, CokrCe.

trUXqVe rUat tUrC^ te CohIbente fUror. = '^^

ie, O good Christy check the rage of the proud Gaul; and may the force
fury of the TUrkfall under thy restraint.

Another, dated from Nuremberg —
VnICa, ChrIste, saLVs, LVX, DVX, spes VIta DeCVsqVe

Hos, AGE, VeXatos paCe VeL aXe beaI = '^J^

ue. Christy thou only salvation^ light, guide^ hope^ life and glory^ come^
bless with peace or with heaven those who are harassed.

[1567.] Album of lo: Frid: Bauder of Altdorf. This hexameter marks
the date of a contribution, and of an event in history ; Anno quo

REGlNiE THERESliE PaCeM TEVtONIbVs DaRE pLaCeBAT.

ie. The year in which it pleased Maria Theresa to give peace to t/u
Germans. = i7^J

[15845] Album at page 529, ante — ^a contribution is thus dated —

Im Jare, Was betrVbstV DICh MeIne seeLe.

i,e. What worries thee, O my soulf Adapted from Psalm xlii. 11. = 1672

[1227.] Album at page 532, ante — This contribution contains its own

date —

saVL saVL qVID Me perseqVerIs. — Acts ix. 4.

ie. Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? = 162^

GERMAN ALBUMS. 535

[178 15.] Album at page 528, ante^z. dedication, dated 23d June
1 612, concludes thus —

aqVa egrana

BONA ET SANA,

EST In <«grIs
MeDICIna InsIgnIs.
Le. The water of Kgtr is good and healthy^ a remarkable ntedidne in
sickness. = 1612

£ger is a watering-place in the neighbourhood of Carlsbad.
Wallenstein was assassinated there.

Another dedication is thus dated —
ANNO De eXorCIsMo. 14 Januarii.

i,e. In the year from the expelling of the devil {that is, the birth of
Christ). = i6ii

The dates of contributions in variouis other albums —
VIr pIVs est patIens pIa DenIqVe CaVsa trIVMphat.
i.e. Afiaus man is patient; the pious cause at length triumphs. = 1635

anno; DoMIno nostro LaVs sIt et gLorIa.

i.e. To our Lord be praise and glory. = 1608

anno ChrIstI MeDIatorIs. '
i.e. In the year of Christ the Mediator. = 1 604

ANNO quo, RARA EST RES fIDVs aMICVs.

i.e. A faithful friend is a rare thing. = 1 6 1 2

ANNO DVC Me tV Chre.

i.e. Do thouy O Christ, lead me. =51710

NE VerIs et genVInIs aMICIs ope sVa DesIt.

i.e. May he fwt be wanting to his true and genuine friends with his

help. = 162 1

ANNO, Ut DesInt VIres Ipsa est LaUDanDa VoLUntas.

i.e. Though power be wanting, goodwill itself is to be praised. = 1628

ANNO. DILIge ChrIstVM. i.e. Love Christ. = 1658

ANNO QUO, sInt sIne DoLo CoMItIa !

Le. May the assemblies be without deceit. = 1654

ANNO MIserICorDIa. = 1603

DeI WLnera Me beant. [? A retrospective chronogram.]

Le. The wounds of Christ are a blessing to me. = 1 561

De CoeLo nobIs aVXILIVM VenIet.

Le. Help will come to us from heaven. =1729

ChrIstIanVM esse non DICI beat,

Le. To be a Christian, not to be called one, is a blessing. = 1709

nVMIna CorDa probant. i.e. God proves the heart. = 1606

RATA sInt optata reDeMptor effICb.

Le. Grant, O Redeemer, that our wishes be gratified. * = 1602

[1351.] ANNO qVo paDoVa LaVreaM aCqVIsIVerat.

Le. The year in which Padua ( University) had gained a laurel. = 1677

536

GERMAN ALBUMS,

[1363.] At page 10, 17 Junii Anno —

VIX aLIa heI ! NoVI, stabILIqVe Lege perennent (?)

Vna MIhI nota est gratIa grata DeI.

This couplet is obscurely written in the original, and its interpreta-
tion is not easy. It makes the date 1690.

[1270.] Album of Caspar Minderlein, 1625 to 1632, contains the only
chronogram set to music that I have met with. In the original the
date letters are all red.
Fuga in hypodia-pente —

-#-P ^

~g7"

qVI frenDent gentes, CVM nos fVeatVr IesVs. (j^.)= 1627
In signum amicitias scribebat haec paucula Domino p>ossessori

Giovan. Ludovici, CaL Jan. Anno quo —

gaVDe, naM ChrIstVs natVs serVator IesVs. = 1627

i,e, RejoicCyfor Christ Jesus our Saviour is born.

Some of the chronograms in these albums are

short pious ejaculations,

and

aspirations for peace,

suggested to the writers by the great event

of the period

the Thirty Years' War

which desolated all Central Europe

from

1618 to 1648.

ORIENTAL CHRONOGRAMS.

ARABIC AND PERSIAN.

HE use of chronograms by Oriental writers can be traced
back to a period contemporary at least with that when
first we find them in the languages proper to Europe,
viz., the latter part of the 14th century ;^ excluding, of
course, from this comparison that class of chronograms
which have been designated as retrospective.^ It is probable, how-
ever, that they were in use at an earlier period, and it may be inferred
from the examples which follow that as one Oriental poet prior to
the year 1389* was familiar with chronograms, a much earlier use, or
perhaps origin, may be established for them, when more ancient
Arabic manuscripts and sculptured inscriptions have been investi-
gated in this particular direction. For the present, apparently the
most ancient Arabic example which has been brought to my notice
(the first mentioned in the following page), represents the date A.D.
1318 ; and one in the Hebrew language (mentioned at page 543), and
which must be regarded as contemporaneous with its date, gives A.D.
1208. This takes us back to a rude time for literature, when printing
had no existence to preserve what careful men wrote, and we may
suppose that the earliest written chronograms are still unknown,
or have been lost through decay or destruction. I propose to give a
few examples to introduce this branch of my subject to students who

^ See p, 12, arUf, * See p. 208, ante. ' See pp. 540-541, infra,

3 V

538 ARABIC AND PERSIAN CHRON^OGRAMS.

have the advantage of acquaintance with Oriental languages. It
must be observed that the construction of chronograms in the Eastcin
languages is different in one respect from that in others which we
have hitherto had under our notice. Every letter of an Oriental
alphabet possesses a numerical value, and therefore unless all the
letters in a sentence were intended to be read as numerals, it is
especially needful to distinguish the date letters by writing them
large, so as to pass over all the small ones which it is not intended
to count as numerals in reading off the date. And, moreover, the
date is sometimes expressed by one particular word in a sentence,
distinguished in some way from all the others.

Several chronograms are mentioned in a work, ' Chronological
Retrospect of Mohammedan History, from the death of the great
legislator to the accession of the Emperor Akbar and the establish-
ment of the Mogul Empire in Hindustan.* By David Price. London,
1811. 3 vols. 4^ (British Museum, press-mark 581. h. 10.) They
are not given in the Oriental characters, but transliterated into the
European ; but it is not stated that all the letters are to be counted
as numerals or otherwise. The equivalent dates of the Christian era
are quoted from the book.^

Vol. li. p. 647. On the death of Vizir Reshid-ud-dein. The letters of the
Arabic sentence, Tau-ba-serrehu, give the year 718 of the Hegira=
A.D. 1 3 18. />. May he rest in peace.

VoL iii. p. 5^9- When the intelligence of the death of Sultan Ahmed was
conveyed to Shah Rokh in Khorassan, that prince desired a distinguished
poet, who had passed many years under the protection of the Sultan, to
compose something in memory of his unfortunate patron. He imroediatei/
wrote a stanza of four lines, concluding with the words, Kusd-e-Tebrei2=
813 of the Hegira. Le. The design or attempt on Tabreiz. The death
occurred at the siege of this place in August 1410. The translation of tbt
Averse run thus —

Reader, wouldst thou know the era of his fate,

Kusd-e-Tebrei2 exactly marks the date.

^ It is usually supposed that dates calculated from the Hegira, (he flight of Mahomet,
'M'hich took place A.D. 622, can be converted into the year of the Christian em by adding
that number to the Hegira date. That is not the case, and a continually incxeasng
variation of very n^any years would be the result The method and the reason for it are
given in that most useful ' Handy Book of Rules and Tables for verifying Dates with the
Christian Era,* by John Bond : ed. 1869, p. 231.—* Multiply the years of the H^p
elapsed by the decimals '970203, and add 622*^0000, the wkoU numhers in the result will
then represent the year required, and the deamals will give the day of the year. ' — The
years of the Hegira are lunar years, each of which has nearly eleven days less than the
solar year.

ARABIC AND PERSIAN CHRONOGRAMS. 539

Vol iii p. 512. On the death of Prince Mirza Baysungur, son of Shah Rokh,
at the age of 37. The Persian characters of the sentence, Bauda be jahaun
OMAR DRAuz E PUDDERUM, gives the date 837 of the Hegira=sA.D. 1433.
/>. Long on this earth be the life of my father.

Vol. iii. p. 557. On the evening of the third day of the month Shabaun, the
son of Shahzadah Alla-ud-doulah was born ; it is curious that the letters of the
sentence, Shub-e-seium-uz-Shabaun, i.e. The evening of the third of Shabaun^
should give the date of the year 843 of the Hegira=A.D. 1440.

Vol. iii. p. 575. A prince named Abbas assassinated his fatlier; the Persian
letters of the words Abbas kosht, i.e. Abbas killed^ give the date 853 of the
Hegira=A.D. 1450.

Vol. iiL p. 659. The Sultan, Abu Saeid Mirza, perished in the year 873 of
the Hegira in retaliation for an alleged murder ; the precise year of his death
is given by the Persian characters of the sentence, Mukuttel-e-Sultan Abu
Saeid, i>. The place of slaughter of Sultan Abu Saeid.= a,d. 1469.

Vol. iii. p. 698. The date of an important victory, in the year 933 of the
Hegira, is given by the Persian characters of this sentence, Futtah-Padshah-
ISSLAUM, i,e. The monarch of the true faith triumphant.^ K.Ti, 1527,

VoL iii. p. 714. A new town was founded on the river Jumna, in the year
940 of the Hegira, on which was bestowed the name Deinpunnah, or * the
bulwark of the faith ;' that date is given by the Persian characters of this
sentence, Sheher-e-Padshah-e-Deinpunnah, ue. The city of the great king^
the cuylum of the faith. =iKT>. 1532.

Vol. iiL p. 726. The castle of Surat was founded at the date given by the
letters of this sentence, which was formerly over the entrance, Sedd bud ber
SEiNAH wo jaun-e-Ferenghi ein binna, i.e. Against the bosom and lives^
the ambition and rapacity of the Portuguese^ be this fabric an effectual bulwark.
=937 of the Hegira=A.D. 1530.

Vol. iiL p. 751. The Sultan perished in a sea-fight with the Portuguese in
the year indicated by the Persian characters of this sentence, Ferenghian
Bahauder kosh, i.e. PortuguesCy butchers of the hero Bahauder.^^^/^^ of the
Hegira=A.D. 1537.

VoL iii. p. 824. At the siege of Runtempour the Shah was severely burnt by
an explosion of gunpowder, and died immediately after the announcement of
the victory of his forces against the place. The Persian letters of this
sentence give the exact date, Z'autesh murd, i.e. He died by fire.^^$2 of the
Hegira=A.D, 1545.

S40 ARABIC AND PERSIAN CHRON^OGHAMS.

A BOOK, * Hafiz of Shiraz, selections from his Poems : translated fifom tk
j\ Persian by Herman Bicknell : London, 1875 ' (British Museum, press-
mane 757. h. 38), — ^mentions chronograms of unquestionably early date

Ha^ was a celebrated Persian poet He was bom at Shiraz about the
beginning of the eighth century of the Mohammedan era, which coireq)OQds
to the fourteenth of ours. He appears to have remained In his native town
the greater part of his life, and died about the year A.r>. 1339. The book
gives examples in the Arabic character, of the chronograms which he intro-
duced into some of his poems to denote their date ; the translations in
English verse show the poet's method of introducing them. The dates
here given are quoted from the book above mentioned.

[p. xvi.] A magnificent monument was erected over the tomb of Hafiz ;
on one comer of the gravestone is an extract from one ai his poems ; this
is a translation —

Musalla was his home : a mournful date to gain.

Thrice take thou from MosaLLa's earth Its rIChest graIn.
The Arabic words are KhAki MusallA, Le. Earth ofMusa/Ia. When added
together according to their numerical value in Arabic, they give the jrcar of
the Hegira 791, the date of the poet's death=A.D. 1389.

Explanation, MosaLLa, gives . • . • iioo

Its richest graIn, gives . , 103

Multiply by 3, and deduct, .... 3 309

[p. 202.1 The next is a modem adaptation of a line from one of the poems
of Hafiz, selected as a chronogram on the death of the poet Yamini, and
inscribed on his tomb ; and thus translated by Mr. Bicknell —
A voice from heaven exclaimed his date to sum :
I haIL thee, haIL thee: Into gLory CoMe.=i254.
The words in Arabic give the year of the Hegira I254=a.d. 1839.
[p. 286.] Lines written by Hafiz recording a friend's death ; the Arabic
words MiVAHi BAHiSHTi, />. Paradisiacal fruit^ give the year of the Hegira
779=A.D. 1377. The lines are thus translated —

To him who asks the date of this, in answer let these words be known,
sVVeet frVIt of paradise's ChoICest boWer of bLIss.=779-

.] The last lines of a short poem on the death of a person named
thejust^ are thus translated —

aDIL with VIrtVe rICh, JVst Unto aLL,
Shows when he quitted this terrestrial ball.
The Persian words Khaliu Adili, Le. An Adil^ or just^ friend^ give ^t
date 785 of the Hegira = a. d. 1383.

[p. 288.] A short poem is thus translated ; the Arabic words of the la5t
line give the year of the Hegira 78s=a.d. 1383 —

God, lover of us all, who never knoweth change.

Seeing a prince whom virtue had made great,

Galled him to His own love, and made his date

GoD LoVer of Vs aLL Who neVer knoWeth Ghange,= 785

[p. 287.]
^dil, ue. the

ARABIC AND PERSIAN CHRONOGRAMS. 541

[p. 289.] The last lines of a short poem on the death of a friend are thus
translated —

His quest was truth, sWeet heaVen for WhIch Long sIgheD
THAT soVL so trVLy, tells thee when he died. = 787.
The date is in the Persian words, Maili Bahisht, t\e. Inclination for
heaven^ which give the year of the Hegira 787=a.d. 1385,

[p. 290.] The last lines of a short poem on the death of , one of the

true faith, are thus translated —

Read then in mem'ry of his last adieu,

CLOSENESS TO GoD VVe VVIn by serVICe trVe. = 782.
The Persian words Kurbi ta' at, i.e. Closeness gained by devotion^ furnish
the date 782 of the Hegira=A.D. 1380.

[p. 291.] The last lines of a short poem on the death of ^ one

learned in tne law, are thus translated —

In God he trusted : count, to mark his year,
A perfect trVst In goD ConsoLes thee here. = 756,
The Persian words Rahmati Hakk, i,e, Mercy of Gody give the date 756
of the Hegira=sA.D. 1355.

[p. 292.] The last lines of a short poem on the death of a Vizir, a friend
of the poet, are thus translated —

From life's arena to the tomb he sank,

No largess hoping, read his date ; 'tis plain :

Can a World's hope hIs LIberaL gIfts regaIn?=764.
The Persian words Umizi jud, i,e. Hope of Liberality^ give the date 764 of
the Hegira =:A.D. 1362.

THE 'Oriental Miscellany,' Calcutta 1798, mentions a tombstone at
Dalmow, on the Ganges, with an inscription containing near the end
the word dagh, i,e, A wound, part of a sentence which declares that the
death of the person to whose memory it is erected is a * burning wound* to
his surviving relatives. The letters of the word give the date 1005 of the
Hegira=A.D. 1596.

SULTAN NADIR-SHAH usurped the throne of Persia, and called an
assemblage of the governors of the provinces, and required them to
proceed to the election of a king ; the result was his own election in the
year 1148 of the Hegira. The words on the reverse side of the money
coined by him were selected to express the date by chronogram. The
letters represent these figures — i, 30, 600, 10, 200, 80, 10, 40, i, 6, icro,
7o=ii48=A.D. 1736. [From * Numismata Orientalia Illustrata ;' by W.
Marsden. 1823. VoL L p. 472.]

Another example of a Persian chronogram in the present century I take
from Eastwick's translation of * The Bagh-o-Bahar,' which is not an original
work, but a translation into the Urdu language, by Mir Amman, of the Persian

S4a ARABIC AND PERSIAN CHRONOGRAMS.

romance called * The Story of the Four Darweshes,' composed by the cek-
brated poet Amir Khursan of Delhi about five hundred years ago. Mii
Amman came into notice in 1801, and began his translation; fiie name
which he chose for his translation of the romance is simply a chronologkai
one, to denote the year in which he concluded his labours. According to
the Arabic system the words bagh-o-bahar, meaning T'Ac Garden and the
Springs give the year a.h. i2I7=a.d. 1802.

1 he subject may be further pursued by consulting the catalogue of
Persian manuscripts in the British Museum, by Dr. Rieu, published in 1881.
2 vols. These references are taken from its pages —

Vol. i, p. 174. The date 828 a.h. is expressed by a sentence =* It was com-
posed in Shiraz.'

In vol iL these chronogram dates are mentioned — p. 617, 1014 a.h.;
p. 620, 732 A.H. ; p. 639, 842 A.H. j and p. 687, 1063 a.h.

The earliest of these dates corresponds with a.d. 1425, and the latest
with A.D. 1653.

The Arabic numeral letters can be seen in the grammars of that language.

HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS.

T AM not able through my own independent research to say anything about
J^ chronograms in the Hebrew language ; my attention was directed to
the subject by that able and well-known scholar Dr. Ginsbuig, whost
acquaintance with Hebrew Biblical manuscripts and printed books is very
extensive, and he has kindly supplied me with a few notes to the foUowing
effect :—

Chronograms were used somewhat sparingly in Biblical manuscripts and
other works of the earlier Hebrew writers. The former, when dated at all,
are mostly so done in letters representing numerals, or in words expressing
numerals. Some manuscripts, however, are dated by chronograms, and they
are the earliest examples, as compared with that method of signifying a
date either in a Western or an Oriental language, that I have been able to

HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS. 543

bring to the reader's notice. Thus, for instance, the ' Codex Kennicott 89,'
which was written by Jacob Ha-Levi, has the subscription in the year
iTinn Le, The Ztfw=A.D. 1208.^ So again the 'Codex De Rossi, 826,' is
dated xh\lh ^Kliin, ue. The Redeemer for ever^Ji.iy. 1280.1

The copy of the Pentateuch, by R. Meier, which is bound up with
the celebrated Ayin Ha-Kore of R. Jekuthiel (Additional ms. 19,776.
British Museum), has the chronogram date on folio 117a as follows —
npma n^aen man DDSWDa jVX nve^ in the year Zion shall be redeemed with
judgment^ and her converts with righteousness (Isa. i. 27)= 156, or a.d. 1396.

The Five Megilloth and the Perecopes, which form the second part of this
manuscript, has the following chronogram on folio 169 3 —

^n ^re^n ttk5> t<a m ova ,Dnro nr e^in ,tnxh r\^ ,|>n^ vh ^f» htob^ ,pTnrui prn

^iaaiDH D7D, Be of good courage, Simcha Levi shall not be hurt. He formed
it in the era this Pentateuch was written, ' Thou shall compass me about
with songs of deliverance^ (Ps. xxxii. 7). In this chronogram, the two letters
Nun and He of the triliteral HP, he formed, gives the date, i.e. 55 =
1295 A.D.

After the invention of printing (circa 1440), and as the use of printing
advanced, chronogrammatic dating became more frequent Thus the edition
of Proverbs with the Chaldee paraphrase and the commentaries of L^vi b.
Gershon and Menachem Meieri, which appeared at Lierre in Flanders in
1492, is dated, n3T!l P''^ ^^^ ^^% '"<^- ^^ the year 'And they shall come to
Zion with songs* (Isaiah xxxv. 10) =1492. So also the Prophets Isaiah and
Jeremiah, with the commentary of Kimchi, which appeared at Lisbon in the
same year, is dated T\Y\1 ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ '•^- ^^ the year ' He shall doubtless
come again with rejoicing* (Ps. cxxvi. 6)= 1492.

As time went on, the practice of thus dating Hebrew printed books
increased, and came to be extensively adopted, especially by the Dutch
printers. The following are some examples—

Buxtorf's Bible, Basle, 1618-19, is dated lt>0 if)"©^ pT^ J'Tl (Isa. xxxii. i),
i,e. Behold, a king shall reign in righteousness.

Bible, Amsterdam, 1676-78, is dated i>iaa ^H (Deut xxxii. 2). i.e. Shall
distil as the dew.

Bible, Amsterdam, 1687, is dated t|D1 ^vrh nnKlaTl (Deut. xxxiii. 16),
i.e. Let it come upon the head of Joseph.

The Pentateuch, with the Chaldee paraphrase and ' Rashi,' Dykenfurth,

1784, is dated •pnV ^B^K minn ^D 7J^ (Deut, xvii. 11), i.e. According to the
sentence of the law which they shall tecuh thee.

Chronograms in the Hebrew language attained a high state of develop-
ment, and acquired a very extensive use which has been maintained down to

* It will have been seen in some of the foregoing pages {e.g. Preface, — ^and pp. 12, 13,
208, ante) that I do not recognise in the Western languages of Europe, chronograms
representing early dates as genuine, until about a century later than these dates. Hebrew
chronograms of all dates were extensively written in Europe, and they must not be included
in the application of this remark ; and when they occur in MS. or in print, to signify the
date of the document or book, they are to be accepted as genuine and contemporaneous.

544 HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS.

the present time when they are forgotten or abandoned by authors and
printers of books in other languages used in Europe. Moreover they present
to us many remarkable peculiarities. Thus for instance when the letters, as
simple letters, of the Hebrew alphabet are used to express a date, com-
binations are avoided which produce words suggesting an unpleasant meaning,
such as njn «'//=275, or Bna jAa»i^=3o8, or other words which would signify
a curse or an imprecation, or the mention of any member of the body not
usually spoken of.

The more elaborate form however was preferred, that of the true chrono-
gram or date sentence, and in this certain peculiarities are found which arc
absent from the chronograms in the Latin or other Western languages. The
earlier Hebrew chronograms consisted generally of one or two words selected
for their agreeable suggestions, or their joyous import. Thus the words
n^*), ni^a, \:s\ to rejoice^ occur frequently in the Venetian printed books of
the sixteenth century. Later on, the chronogram expanded into a whole
sentence from the Bible, of which some of the foregoing dates are examples.

As a further illustration, and as exhibiting a singularly elaborate fonn,
may be noticed the date given by Samuel Schotten of his work entitled
Kos Ha-yeshuoth, which appeared at Frankfort-on-the-Main in 171 1, as
follows : —

vrm naa ^bwi t|5>Ka ,ntf1B^* "P^ ,nwi>oD 0^3 pn^ ,nKnan ruB^ yyh nvnm

nnf^a ub^ D^enri mb^ D"^a ,r\Tyo pKi> ni>K h^ wa anpo D^ennin ,rtjnjn onm

nWIB^^n Dtt *^BD xh^tf^ ,n]naw aiD ^a d^dpb ^3B^ u ^diob^ wai ^Tjn^n

Le. Whoso desireih to know the year of creation let him pour out the fulness of
the cup \i,e. let him remove the * Vau pkne^ and count the numerical value of
the word D13 'cup' as D3=8o) and let him seek for help (n]nB^=39i, together
471) in the sixth thousandth year. So many revolutions has the sun made^ or
according to the modems the earth has maide them. On Shebat ig the pi^es
were fully printed ; and on the day of the week respecting which it is twice said
* It is good^* the book Kos Ha-yeshuoth was printed off. Accordingly the work
was finished on Tuesday, Shebat 19, 47i=a.d. 171 i. This book is a
commentary on several treatises on the Talmud. The copy in the British
Museum has the press-mark 1915. c. 10. The foregoing Hebrew sentence
forms part of the title to the book, and at the same time contains the words
which compose the date.

It is to be remarked that instead of giving the names of the days of the
week by numbers, ie. First day, second day, third day, etc, it is frequently
given in abbreviations, viz. : — for Friday, BHp TOXf T\i p'W, the day of pre-
paration for the holy Sabbath; for Tuesday, the day on which it is twice said
*good* (compare Gen. i. 10, 12). According to very ancient custom,
and in recognition of the solemn import of this particular use of the word
*good,' authors were careful to begin and finish their works on Tuesday,
which day they held to be especially lucky, because it was twice pronounced
good, and being influenced also by the same respect for the word ' good,'
they avoided Monday, because the phrase * and it was good,' is not used with
regard to it.

HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS. S45

As a modem instance, the following example may be taken. The title-
page in English is, ' Service for the first nights of Passover, by the Rev. A. P.
Mendes. London. Printed and published, 5622 — 1862.'

The Hebrew title-page bears the following chronogram date : —

In the year * Who can utter the mighty acts of the Lord* (Ps. cvi. 2).
The copy in the British Museum has the press-mark 1974. b. 20.

The foregoing Hebrew chronograms have been interpreted into their
equivalent dates of the Christian era.

The following explanation of Hebrew chronology is adapted from Dr.
Ginsburg's Life of Levita,^ page 3 : —

' To understand the dates mentioned, it is necessary to remark that the
Israelites reckon from the creation of the world, and that their chronology is
about 244 years shorter than ours. Thus, for instance, whilst the year 1822 a.d.
is with us 5886 A.M., it is with the Jews 5643 a.m. Moreover, it is to be
noted that in Hebrew mss., as well as in printed books, two modes are
adopted of expressing the date. The one is by writing the full numbering :
that is, 5643 A.M. = 1882 A.D., which is called the great or full era (^n:i DID) ;
and the other is by omitting the thousands, and leaving them to be under-
stood, as 643, instead of 5643, which is called the short era (}0p tD"»Bi>,
abbreviated p"B^), and which is more generally used for the sake of brevity.'

The reader will find information on Hebrew chronology in the Handy
Book quoted at p. 538, ante; also in a work, 'Essays on Indian Antiquities,
etc, by the late James Princep, edited by Edward Thomas, 2 vols. 1858.'
At vol. ii. second part, p. 138, it is observed, 'The Jews date from the
Creation, which they consider to have been 3760 years and 3 months before
the commencement of our era. Their year is luni-solar, consisting of either
12 or 13 months, and each month of 29 or 30 days. To reduce the Jewish
time to ours, subtract 3761, and the remainder will show the year.' Some
remarks on the occasional occurrence of chronogram words in the text of
the Hebrew Scriptures, will be found in a work, 'Ancient Biblical Chrono-
grams ; or, a Discovery of the Chronological use of the Majuscular Letters
occurring in the text of the Hebrew Scriptures.' By W. H. Black. London,
1864 (British Museum, press-mark 3149. cc). This gives further illustration
of the very early use of Hebrew chronograms.

The conclusion to be drawn from the foregoing examples is, that Hebrew
manuscripts contain the earliest genuine use of chronograms with which we
are acquainted, and that in Hebrew printed books with chronograms on
their title-pages we have the most recent instances of publications so dated,
a method which exists in a continuous succession from the time of its
adoption down to the present day,

^ Massoreih Ha-Massoreth of Elias Levita, Hebrew, with an English translation and
critical notes, by Christian D. Ginsburg, LL.D. Longmans, etc., 1867.

546

ADDITIONAL CHRONOGRAMS.

The following has been brought to my notice in a little book
printed at Milan, bearing this title : —

Poesis To. Aloysii Cerchiarii, Vincentinl Mediolani, 1659 (British
Museum, press-mark 4425. a. — 2), 24^. At p. 49 are the following epigrams
concerning Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden : —

De Hseresi profliganda Anno mdcxxxii.
Vaticinia in Augustalibus CoUegii Clementini
LuDis Edita.
Quo anno Gustavus Adolphus occisus est.
Vaticinium primuro.
InVenta est fortIs MVLIer : nVnC VIrgo LabantIs
HiEREsIs eCCe potens Conteret Ipsa CapVt.
Vaticinium secundum.
DVM petIs, o VIrgo, festIVIs astra TROPHiCls
ante perIt gressVs HiEREsIs aCta tVos.
Vaticinium tertium.
ASTRA petIs VIrgo : h-«retICas hInC peLLk Cater Vas
saCra VIget terrIs te DVCe tVta fIDes.
Vaticinium quartum.
CVr Ita festIVIs pLaVDIt ConCentIbVs iETHER?
AN CceLos strato VIrgo DraCone petIt?
Vaticinium quintum.
VIX IaCet HiERETlCI prostrata potentIa regIs
CceLestes tranat CVM-saCra VIrgo pLagas;
Vaticinium sextum.
tV aD petIs CceLos, CceLestIs VIrgo, sVPERBiE
HiEREsIs InVICto tV peDe CoLLa terIs.
This occurs among a series of epigrams, etc., containing frequent
to the Virgin Mary.

= 1632

= 1632
allusions

547

APPENDIX.

SYNOPSIS of some early chronograms made contem-
poraneously with their dates ; of some retrospective
chronograms made after their dates; and of some
recent chronograms; concluding with one giving a
date a thousand years in advance of the time when it
was composed

The first column gives the page in this volume, the second con-
tains the leading words of the chronogram, and the third gives the
date. The remarks are made in connection with what is mentioned
in the text

EARLY CHRONOGRAMS-

Pagt,

538 Arabic chronogram.

540 Arabic chronograms.
541

543 Hebrew chronogram.

12 C. Cuculum vixi.
199 Charles le roi.

Doit.

13 18 It is not clear when this was made,
but it may be regarded as contem-
poraneous.

1383 i Contemporaneous; written by the

1385 > Persian poet Hafiz at these dates.

1380)

1208 The earliest chronogram mentioned in
this volume; it is the date of a
manuscript

1382 The earliest contemporaneous chrono-
gram appertaining to England.

1372 Said to be on a bell at Paris ; if the
bell be contemporaneous, the
chronogram must likewise be so.

RETROSPECTIVE CHRONOGRAMS,
45 Binsveltinus eques. 1245

Made at the date of the monument,
1590.

548

SYNOPSIS OF CHRONOGRAMS.

Page,

46 Ecce cadit mater.

52 Elisabeth saevit.
„ Schalda crescit

55 Versu sexta Mai.

69 Virgineustenuit chorus. 1551

73 Isthic gloriose jacet

97 Alta Bredae.

98 Balliolum incenditur.

99 Godefridus dux.
113 Rex Papa Turca.

121 Solverunt isto.
143 Ense feros superas.
148 Ecce luit fato.

195 Cecidit Dinant.

1360

195 Cemitur Leodii.

1332

195 Audaces mors caeca.

1405

208 Tuehti sacrant.
214 In hoc loco.

1213
1360

215 Occidebant gloriosi.
„ Vir zelosus.

DaU.

1303 Probably made at the date of the
book containing it, 1632.

1320 ) Grammayei the learned author of the

1462 J history quoted, says he made these
circa 1708.

1432 The original inscription has the appear-
ance of being painted a century and
more after the date.
Retrospective ; made at the same time
as the chronogram with which it is
associated, giving the date 1746.

1256 Retrospective ; it was put up when the
chapel was repaired in 1829.

1457 Probably made by the historian quoted,
in the eighteenth century.

1 263 Same remark. This city was destroyed
many times by fire. The chronogram
was probably made by the latest of
the historians, Sanderus, in 1735.

1 184 Probably made by the learned Gram-
maye, the author quoted, circa r7oo.

1 501 Retrospective. This and the five suc-
ceeding pages made by Vrientius
in or about 1603.

1 29 1 Retrospective. This and others follow-
ing made by Joseph k Pinu in 1572.

1255 Retrospective; it is inscribed on a
medal struck in 1 755.

1462 Most probably contemporaneous with
the book whence it is extracted,
dated 1668.
This chronogram is a mistake for

1466.
Of doubtful age ; associated with

chronograms of a later period.
This and others on the Dukes of Bur-
gundy, probably made in 1476, or
later.
Belongs to a much later period.
Most likely made at a period much
later, when the church was decorated;
as was so much the custom, in the
seventeenth century.
755 ) Said to be 'ancient' by the historian
745 / quoted, but probably of sixteenth or
seventeenth century authorship.

SYNOPSIS OF CHRONOGRAMS.

549

Pagg.

215 Bis septem prebendas.

Date.
1064

222 Francorum urbis.

223 EfTusus crater.

236 Author eras Otto.
Stato hospes et audi.
Henricus.
Zelatori propagatori.

241 Carole dive.

242 Regius hie.

242 Ex quo Usperga.
25 1 Quo dejectus.
,, Concilii sacra

252 Sedes Guido.

253 Ossaque lota.
„ Servit in hoc

1282
1380

II2I\

1122 (

1 184 I
1582;

1449 I
1302/

1125

1115I

1118J

IOI2]
IOI2
1004 J

253 i£des sacrats.
„ Aprilis ut finis.

253 Cantate O Musae.

254 Splendet opus.

255 Tu lector mortis.

256 Quingentos Bernardc.

1304 I
1435/
1366 J
1368/

HS9
500

The author quoted says this is a most
ancient chronogram, and on his
authority its fame has gone forth
into some books. Another French
author and a careful antiquary,
Francois Morand, says it is retro-
spective; it was inscribed on the
wall in the choir of St. Peter's
Church at Aire in Artois, by the
Canons who reconstructed the
church at a later period.

Probably made in sixteenth or seven-
teenth century.

The Latin poem concerning the cir-
cumstance quotes the date 1590.
The chronograms cannot be earUer ;
they form part of the poem, and
occur at the end of it

All made by the author mentioned, who
wrote in 171 7, describing the events
of the monastery.

The author quoted, writing in 1682,
says he amused himself in making
these.

Retrospective ; also made by him.

Both probably made not earlier than
1627, the date of the last event in
this series of painted glass concerning
the history of St. Norbert.

Associated with chronograms and other
inscriptions made in 1621, illus-
trating the life of St Guido. The
historian quoted probably wrote
them; he says that the dates are
not supported b^ history, and he
uses the expression ' teste chronico
vetere,' meaning an old chronicle,
not chronogram.

Retrospective; probably made at the
time of the restorations in 1622.

There is nothing to support a contem-
poraneous authorship ; they are pro-
bably of the seventeenth century, a
time when much restoration was
done to the Brabant monasteries.

Probably contemporaneous.

Without doubt made in 1635.

5SO

SYNOPSIS OF CHRONOGRAMS.

Pmgt, DaU.

258 Haec Carmeli soror. 1251 )

259 Sic protexit. 1251 j

260 Mulciberi piceas. 1419 \
„ In busco. 1292 \
,» Benedices coronx. 1382 J

263 Fur sacramenta. 1383

282 Et ecce eventus. 1370

305 Theodoras Paderbor- 11 50

nensis.
336 Zisca potens bello. ) 1424

„ Peste peremptus. f
350 Inclitus est 876

350 Vincla subit
364 Nascitur in terras.

1382
1444

365 Ex hoc excessit.

367 Alberte es fato.
„ Qua ter clara.

„ Ignifer in tepido.

368 Consilio ut (and others).

IS43^
1280
1485
1524

That these were made at the time
of the festival in 1651 cansot be
doubted.

Retrospective; probably made by the
author quoted, circa 170a

' Made by an old writer/ probably at
the time of the conmiemoiation
festival in 1583.

Made on a similar occasion in 1820.

Retrospective; made in 1604.

No doubt made m 1625 ; the author
lived and wrote at that period.

Retrospective; probably made about
the date of the book, 1686, or
earlier.

Retrospective ; probably of the seven-
teenth century.

Said to be in the person's epitaph ; if
so, it was made many years later
than this, the year of his birth.

All retrospective; made by Joseph \
Pinu circa 1572-1590.

RECENT CHRONOGRAMS.

1 1 Haecce ecclesia.

1876 This and two others are contempor-
aneous.

Avete amici. i882\

Others on thetitle-page,
front and back, the
list of illustrations,
and the colophon. 1882^
45 Sub patrocinio. i860

50 Excelso devoveor. 1875
204 Christo, Deo, regi. 1876
449 A series of 1 801 chrono-
grams, commencing i
with the year of the
world One.
348 Sed satius tibi. 2jSi I

►The most recent in this volume.

}

Recent in Holland.

Recent in Belgium.

Recent in France.

From the year of the creation of the

world to the year 4028 of that era;

all made drca a.d. 1594.

Here is a prospective chronogram
made in 161 1, dating a thousand
vears in advance.

SSI

BIBLIOGRAPHY.

The titles of the books from which chronograms have been
excerpted and dispersed about in this volume ; some are indicated by
the marginal reference letters in the text corresponding with the
letters prefixed to the titles, others are referred to by the number of
the page,

A. — Histoire Metallique des xvii Provinces. By G. Van Loon. 5 vols. Folio.

Hague, 1732, and 10 supplemental parts, 182 1 to 1869.
Aa: — L'Histoire de la Republique de Hollande, by Bizot Amsterdam and

Paris, 1690. Historic and political medals.
Ab, — Histori de Nederlandsch, etc By F. Van Mieres. Hague, 1732. Folio.

Description of medals in the Dutch language.
Ac. — Histoire des Provinces Unies. By J. Le Clerc. Amsterdam, 1737.

Folio. Medals.
B. — Novus ad Hispaniae et Hungarige reges termaximos, De Leone Belgico

ejusque topographica atque historica descriptione liber — 1559 to

1587. By Michael Aitsinger (or Aicing or Eyzinger). 1588.
Ba, — Athenae Belgicae (Notes on German and other writers). By Franciscus

Sweertius. Antwerp, 1628.
^^.— Trophies tant sacr^s du Duch^ de Brabant. By C. Butkens. Hague,

1726. 4 vols. Folio.
Be, — Antiquitates Belgicse. By L. B. Grammaye. Folio. Louvain, 1708.
Bd, — Historia episcopatum foederati Belgii, etc. Antwerp, 1755. 2 vols.

Folio. Latin and Dutch.
Be, — Le grand Theatre sacr^ du Duch^ de Brabant. 2 large vols. Folio.

A description of the monasteries, etc. Hague, 1734.
Concordiae Belgicae? Panegyricus Pamassicus. By Judocus de Weerdt.

Antwerp, 1609. (^p. 415.)
Bg. — Historia episcopatum foederati Belgii, etc etc. 2 vols. Folio. In

Latin and Dutch. Antwerp, 1755.
Bh, — Chorographia Sacra Brabantiae. By A ntonius Sanderus. Hague, 1726.
BL — Opus Chronographicum orbis universi a mundo exordio usque ad

annum MDCxi. Auctore Petro Opmeero. Antwerp, 161 1. Folio.
C — Flandria illustrata. By Antonius Sanderus. 3 vols. Folio. Hague, 1735.
Historica narratio profectionis et inaugurationis — ^Alberti et Isabellas.

Auctore Joanne Bochio. Antwerp, 1602. Folio. iJSee p. 410.)

552 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Relation de Tlnauguration— de S. Majesty (Charles vi.) comme

Comte de Flandres. Ghent, 1719. (.Sr^ p. 109.)
Dh. — Memoires pour servir k Thistoire litteraire des 17 provinces des Pays-

Bas. Louvain, 1765. 3 vols. Folia (A valuable book of reference,

giving the titles of the works of the persons noticed.)
^.— I^es Abb^s de Saint-Bertin. By Henri de Laplace. St. Omer, 1854.
R — Historischer Munz-Belustigung (a periodical conducted by A. D. Kodiler).

29 vols. 4". Nuremberg, 1729, etc.
/ii.— Beschreibung der Silber-Muntzen. By J. G. F. Hagen. Nuremberg, 1769.
G, — ^Thesaurus numismatum modemorum hujus sseculi : Le. ab anno 1700,

Latine et Germanica explicata. Nuremberg, 2 vols. Folia
Histoire des Medailles, by N. Chevalier; relating to the campaigns of

1708-9. Utrecht, 1 71 1. (.Sflf p. 41.)
H, — Sylloge Numismatorum quae diversi Impp: r^es, principes, comites,

reipublicae, etc., ab anno 1500 ad 1600 cudi fecerunt By }. S.

Luckius. Augsburg, 1620.
Ha. — Vollstsendiges Braunschweig-Limenburgisches Munz-und-Medaillcn

cabinet Helmstadt, 1737. (Medals relating to the Brunswick

royal family.)
Hb, — Die Heimschungen Gottes zom und gaude uber das Herzogthum

Schlesien in Muntzen. Leipzig, 1742.
He, — Museum Mazzuchellianum seu Numismata virorum, etc. Venice, 1761.
Hd, — Betrag, or Beytrag, zur meuem Munz und MedaiUen geschiete, etc

Dresden, 1806. 8".
/. — ^Theatrum virorum eruditione clariorum. Nuremberg, 1688. a vols.

Folio. By D. Paul Freher.
la, — Icones sive Imagines virorum Uteris illustrium. By Nicolas Reusner.

Augsburg, 1590. * Liber valde rams ' written in an old hand
Vita S. Joannis NepomucenL By R Balbinus. Augsburg, 1737. {^

P- 173)
Protomartyr poenitentiae ejusque sigilli custos semper fidelis Joannes

Nepomucenus. By J. T. A. Berghauer. Augsburg, 1737. (&^p. i73-)

K. — Epitome historica rerum Bohemicarum. By R Balbinus. Prague, 167 7.

Epigram matum Libri ix. Maximyliani VrientL Antwerp, 1603. {Sa

p. 113)
Symbolica heroica hexaglottus. By Henricus Kitsch. Leipzig, 160&

(Sec^. 227.)
Z. — Das Bisthum Augsburg historisch & statisisch. By Anton Steichele.

1861, etc. (See p. 70.)
La, — Jahrs-Bericht des historischen-vereins. Augsburg, 1835, etc (Reports

of the Historical Society.)
M, — Chronologia Monasteriorum Germaniae prsecipuorum ac maxime illus-

trorum. Authore Gaspare Bruschia Sulzbaci, 1682. 4".
Collectio scriptorum (concerning the monasteries of Germany).

Curante P. R. D. Michaele Kuen. Ulm, 1755. (•So' p. 235.)
Mb, — Monumenta inedita rerum Germanicarum precipue Cimbriacaram et

Megapolensium. By Ernest Joachim de WestphaleiL Leipzig, 1739*

Folio.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. 553

Mc, — C F. PauUini rerum et antiquitatum Germanicarum Syntagma-
Frankfort, 1698. 4^ Annales Icenacenses.
Enthronisticum Parthenium. A narrative concerning the Praemonstra-
tensian monastery, near Olmuz, in the year 1732. Folio. In Latin,
German, and Bohemian languages. (.Sl;^ p. 244.)
0.— -Tabulae nummorum Hungariae. A thick 4° volume of plates only. By

Joseph Weszerle. University of Pesth.
Ob, — Scriptores rerum Hungaricum, etc., cura et studio Johannis Georgii

Schwandteri. Vienna, 1746. 3 vols. Folio.
Oc, — Catalogus nummorum Hungariae ac Transylvaniae instituti nationals
Szechenyani. Pesth, 1807.
N.B, — ^The extracts are furnished by Dr. Alfred Goldlin von Tie-
fenau, of the k. Ic Hof-Bibliothek, Vienna, the work not being in
the British Museum.
Casimirus emblematico anagrammaticus reverendissimo D. Anselmo
Casimiro sacrae sedis Moguntinae archiepiscopo, etc Dicatus a
Joanne R. Marx. Mayence, 1636. {See p. 148.)
Pa. — Thesaurus epitaphiorum veterum et recentiura. By P. Labbe. Paris,
1666. {See p. 199.)
Nouvelle encyclop^die th^ologique. By L'Abb^ Migne. 1852. Vols.

30 and 31. Dictionnaire d'Epigraphie — Chronogramme.
Meyer's German Conversations-lexicon. 1845.
D ictionnaire de la conversation.
Wolfs Conversations-lexicon.

Ehren Gedechtnus dess Durchleuchtigen Hochgebomen Fursten —
Ludwigen Landgraven zu Hessen. Marpurg, 1626. {See p. 125.)
Ra. — Nova Literaria Germaniae anno 1703 (and following years). A
monthly periodical published at Hamburg, 1703, eta
Symbologia heroica hexaglottos, etc. etc. By Henric. Kitsch. Leipzig,

1608. (^p. 227.)
De anulorum origine. By Henricus Kitsch. Leipzig, 16 14. {See p.
287.)
Rd, — In felicem inaugurationem sereniss. Regis Maximyliani et reginae
Mariae phorus Davidicus, per Thomam Mitem, instructus. In
eandem aliquot gratulatoria poemata Pragensis inclytae universitatis
alumnorum. Pragae, 1562. 8". (Communicated from the Imperial
Library, Vienna.)
De numeratione multiplici, vetere et recenti. By Georgius Henisch.

Augsburg, 1605. {Su^. 224.)
Petrus Kirstenus. Various treatises on the Arabic language. Wratislau,
circa 1602. And versions of the Gospels in Arabic. (^See p. 289.)
S, — German Albums. British Museum, * Additional Manuscripts,' sixteenth

to eighteenth centuries. About 500 vols.
Sa, — Les Bigamires et touches, du Seigneur * Des Accords' (pseudonym of
G. Peignot). Paris, 1662. {See pp. 195, 198.)
Amusements philologiques, etc. Par G. P. Philomneste. Paris, 1808.
Another edition. Dijon, 1842, [Pseudonym for G. Peignot.] A
curious collection of anagrams, verses, lippograms, chronograms, etc.

4 A

554 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Dissertation critique et analytique sur les chronogrammes public en

1 718. Nouvelle edition. Brussels, 174 1. (6^ p. 204.)
Sd. — Anagrammata et Chron-anagrammata regia nunc primum in hac

form& in lucem emissa. By William Cheeke. London, 1613.
Chronometra memorabilium rerum certis annis et mensium diebus,

prsecipue bello civili in Anglia. A very rare tract of 12 pages, 4*.

By Joh Sictor, Rokytsanus, exul Bohemus. Cambridge, 1646. (&

P- 25-)
Pax vobis, or wit's changes turned in a Latine hexameter of peace

(relating to James the First). By Ro. Tisdale. London, 1623. (Sk

p. 20.)
Survey of London and Westminster. By John Stow. Enlarged by

John Strype. London, 1720. 2 vols. Folio. (See p. 6.)
Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain. By Gough.
A collection of voyages and travels. 6 vols. Folia 1732. The

journey in the Low Countries, etc, by Philip Skippon in 1663.
Decas Mariana Marianorum Anagrammatum, etc. Prague, 1673. Cum

licentia superiorum. No author's name. (See p 441.)
Sancta iamilia, seu chronicum 1690. Anagrammatum, etc Auctore,

R. P. F. Andrea de Solre. Antwerp, 1686. {See p. 439.)
De spiritali imitatione Christi. By Antonio Vanden Stock. Ruermonde,

1658. (^p. 43S-) . ,.

Chronographia Sacra utnusque testamenti histonas contmentis Libn v.
By M. J. Ziickwolfius. Franckfort, 1594. (See p. 449.)
K — Notes and Queries. Various volumes, under the index reference
* Chronograms.'
Conceptus chronogiaphicus de concepta Sacra Deipara, etc By Josephus
Zoller Ord: S. Benedicti. Augsburg, 17 12. Folio. (&>f p. 45^)
if — Chronograms collected by the author at the places mentioned

The short titles of books from which chronograms have been
extracted, and which are more particularly mentioned in this volume
at the pages here indicated : —

A volume of tracts, addresses to royal personages in Germany, 398.

Abel, A. C, Epigrammata, 32, 140.

Abraham k Sancta Clara, sermons, etc., 225.

Acta Historico-ecclesiastica, 147.

Applausus genethliacus, archiducis Caroli, 398.

Applausus genethliaco votivus, to Joseph of Austria, 311.

Applausus metricus — ^address to a Senator of Mechlin, 407.

Backer, A. de, Bibliotheque (of Jesuit authors), 298.

Bartschius, J., Porta pacis, an address to Frideric, King of Bohemia, 464-

Berghauer, J. T. A., Protomartyr poenitentiae (Nepomuk), 173.

Bertius, P. De, Aggeribus et pontibus, 202.

Bilovius, B., Elegiac poems, 292.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. 555

BischofT, K, Genethliacon serenissimo neo-nato Leopoldo, 390.

Bochius, J., Historica narratio profectionis principum Albert! et Isabella 410.

Boldonius, O., Epigraphica sive inscriptiones, 216.

Brusch, G., Chronologia monasteriorum Germaniae, 119.

„ History of German monasteries, 294.

Camden, W., Remaines, etc., 34,
Cheeke, W., Anagrammata, etc., 13.

Chronographica gratulatio in adventum Ferdinandi, 100. Verses, 423.
Chronologia sacra, 285.
Cum Augustissima Eleonora Magdalena Theresia occidentis imperatrix — a

tract on her death, 402.
Cort Verhael (about the sacrament miracle at Brussels), 276.
Tweededeel vande Feeste, Do., 278.
Negenvondigen Jubel-galm, Do., 281.
Triumphus veritatis et religionis, Do., 281.
Twee-honderd-vyftig-jaerig Jubil^, Do., 282.
Decas Mariana Marianorum anagrammatum e Marianis programmatis elabor-

atum, 44 T.
Des Accords, Les Bigarrures, etc., 195.

Description du Jubil^ — describing a festival to St Macaire at Ghent, 430.
Die Betriibte Pegnesis, memoir and eulogies on Herr Birken, with plates of

emblems, 404.
Echo in medicina, 286.
Engerd, J., Poemata, 124.
Eiithronisticum Parthenium, 244.
Epitaphia Budissiensia, 213.

Eremundus, E., Historia Belgicorum tumultuum, 92.
Fabricius, G., Rerum Germanise, etc., 291. {And see p. 291.)
Faulhaberus, J., Magia arcana celestis — De Gog et Magog, 287.
Franciscus, J. M., Confusio disposita, 456.

&XSij£8»^ 5,5.1 rf "4 "' *■, *'", "* «'"'' '■ ""

X uiua piauuciio ^t p oiigc o, ^ ;,. ^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^ extrcmcly cunous.
Fraschius, D., Epitaphia Augustana Vindelica, 69.
Fuller's Worthies of England, '2.

„ Holy State, 232.
Germania Austriaca, seu topographia, etc., 132.
Gipps, G., Sermon, 9.
Goldsmith, F., Hugo Grotius, eta, 9.
Goor, T. E. Van, Description of Breda, 98.
Gosky, Epinicia ob ingressum, 295.

Graphaeus, C. (alias Scribonius), Memorabilis conflagratio, 472.
Green's Tourist Guide to Wells, 4.

Grimm, L., Wolverdiente Ewigkeit, etc, a Funeral Sermon, 403.
Grisley, G., Viridarium Lusitanum, 287.
Grumsel, G., books by, 302.

„ Annus sexagesimus hujus saeculi, 462.

5S6 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Hake, C. A., Europa revalescens — on peace with France, 1698, 313.

Hugo, H., Obsidio Bredana, 98.

Hutchings' History of Dorsetshire, 4.

Imago Caesaris Leopoldi magni, on the occasion of his funeral, 399.

Inhuldigeng van Willem Karel, prins van Orange, 432.

Iter parallelum Phoebi occidentis, concerning a Duke of Brunswick, 471.

Kirstenus, Peter — various works, 289.

Kitsch, H., Symbologia heroica and proverbs, 227.

Kitsch, H., De anulorum origine, 287.

Kockh, J. A., Funebris memoria Mariae Amaliae, 471.

Kronen zur Zierd und Schultz — (Leopold i. and his son Joseph), 382.

Labbe, P., Thesaurus epitaphiorum, 199.

Liberius, G., Speculum martyrii Budoveciani (The executions at Prague), 309.

Marx, J. R., Casimirus emblematico anagrammaticus, etc., 148.

Mausoleum — regum Hungarias, 154.

Meisner, Disputatio theologica, 291.

Mentz, B., Syntagma epitaphiorum, 213.

Metamorphosis angelica Mariana in ter mille figuras transformata, 408.

Meteranus, A. E., Historia Belgica, 90.

Migne, Nouvelle encyclopedie theologique, 199.

Miraculum poeticum, eta, 310.

Morand, F., Chronogrammes — dans la ville d'Aire, 207.

Muller, J., Vota academica, Address to Maria, Archduchess of Austria, 398.

Neander, M., Theologia sacra, etc., 318.

Noortvelde, B. de, Description de Teglise k Bruges, 214.

Norbert de St. Julienne, Works by him, 288.

Oporinus, W., Proteus poeticus palindromus, 670 changes on a chronogram

line, 407.
Pauwels, J. A. F., Epigrammata, 297.
Pinu, Joseph k, Carmina Caesarum regum, etc., ex familia Austriaca, 121.

„ Eteostichon liber, 122.

Plausus symbolicus by the Jesuits at Ingolstadt, 295.
Plenitudo dierum, a tract on the funeral of Joseph i. of Austria, 399.
Posthuma Calvini stigma, by the College of Jesuits at Brussels, 341.
Redelius, A. C, Genius Belgicus consolatur, on the death of Princess Maria

Antonia, 468.
Relation de I'inauguration (of Maria Theresa at Ghent), 429.
Reussner, N., Anagrammatographia, 218.
Rolandi, G., Poemata, 292.

Saubertus, J., Historia bibliothecae Noribergensis, 290.
Schenck, C, Verses by, loi.

Selenus, G. (pseudonym for a Duke of Brunswick), Cryptographia, etc, 230.
Sictor, J., Various works, 18, 26, 127.

Sidus publicae laetitiae — Tract on the marriage of Joseph i., 402.
Simpson, W. S., History of St Paul's Cathedral, 9.
Skop, Carolus k. Epigrams by, 317, 318.
Solre, A. de, Sancta familia, 439.
Stichele, A., Das Bisthum Augsburg, 70.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. 557

Stock, A. Vanden, De spiritali imitatione Christi, 434.

Stow, J., Survey of London, 6.

Sturmius, J., Ludus Fortunae ad recreandara societatem — versibus in contrario
sensu, etc., 323.
„ precatio pro pace, 408.

Thoma, N., works by him, 288.

Tisdale, R., Pax vobis, 20.

Toulmin, J., History of Taunton, 2.

Triumphael Incomst — on the arrival of Ferdinand, Governor of the Nether-
lands, 427.

Trophaea parallela — the triumphs of Maximilian, Count-Palatine, 406.

Vaemewyck, M. van, De Historic van Belgis, 102.

Vox laeta acclamans, amans ; an address to a bishop of Ruremonde, 406.

Warner, History of Bath, 32.

Weerdt, J. de, Concordiae Belgicae panegyricus Pamassicus — an applause to
Albert and Isabella, 415.

Westerbaen, J., Verses to Prince William of Holland, 10 1.

Wheatley, H. B., on Anagrams, etc. etc., 221.

Wratislaw, A. H., on St. John of Neponiuk, 172.

Zemik, J. H., Lusus Anagrammatico-poeticus, 293.

Zodiacus illustrium ecclesiae siderum seu virtu tes infulatae, 452.

ZoUer, J., Conceplus Chronographicus, 458.

Ziickwolfius, J., Chronographia sacra, a rare book, containing 1081 chrono-
grams, commencing with the Creation, 449.

Frid. Vanderhaegen, ' Bibliographie Gantoise, Reserches sur la vie et les
travaux des imprimeurs de Gand, 1483-1850 :' Gand, 1858, etc. (with supple-
ment, etc.), 7 vols. (British Museum, press-mark 11901. f.). At the following
references to the volume and page the reader will find the titles of books
which are either expressed in chronogram, or bear a simple chronogram date,
about 280 in number, commencing with the year 1585, and extending down
to a somewhat recent period, but most numerous in the eighteenth century.

Another book might be filled with the chronograms indicated by this
list, were it possible to find the books all in one library. That, however,
is impossible in England, and probably so elsewhere. Very few of them are
in the British Museum, and it is unlikely that any one possesses any large
assemblage of them. The works and the chronograms mentioned and
referred to are mostly in the Flemish language.
Vol. L — 311.
Vol. ii. — 79, 154, 176, 198, 214 containing many chronograms, 223 two^

315*322, 331-
Vol. iii. — 34, 35, 37, 42, 50, 66, 96, 96 les chronogrammes y sont fort nom-
breux, loi, 121 description en 37 chronogrammes, 122 along chrono-
gram title, 152 a long chronogram title, 165, 203, 205, 206, 213 an
almanack, 215, 221 un grand nombre de chronogrammes, 222, 228, 230,
231,232 three, 211 four, 234, 235, 236, 237, 2^^ two, 2 7^^ two, 240
twj, 241 two, 242 three, 243 two, 244, 245, 246 inscription chrono-
grams and Latin verses on a Jubilee, 247 three, 248, 249 three, 250

5S8 BIBLIOGRAPHY.

two^ 251 six^ 253 twOy 254, 2SsJivf, 256 Mat^, 257 /ze*^, 259, 2601,261
to<7, 262, 263, 264 yft/^, No. 3242 Pi^ce eri 36 vers, chaque vers foimc
le chronogramme de 1769, 265 /Ar^, 266 fwo^ 267 /imir, 268, 270/^
271 two, 273, 274, 275, 2^6 /our, 277 /z«/^, 280, 341, 344 two^ Na
3772 specimen typographique curieux, recueil de chronogrammes fonnant
divers omements, 346 S^rie d'un grand nombre de chronogrammes et
autre diflficult^s, 349, 351 two, 353, 359, 374 No. 3967 Emblhnes ai
distiques latins, chronogrammes et anagrammes, 375 No. 3974 with
chronograms, 381, 394 anagrams and acrostics, 423 vers latins rim^et
chronogrammes, 347 Pofeme flamand, avec un grand nombre de chrono-
grammes.

Vol. iv. — 7, 12, 19, 21 two, 50 No. 5093 contains chronograms, 51 M«e,Na
5097 Acrostiches, embl^mes, chronogrammes, anagrammes, vers brises,
etc.. No. 5098 contains chronograms, 52 two, 53, 54 tAr^, 55 six, 56 /av,
57 three, 58 seven, 59 /our, 60 two, 61 ^ve, 63 two, 64 /Aree, Na 5225
contains 64 verses chronograms of the year 1777, 66 three, 68 Mra;
69, 71 /our, Ti^/our, 77 three, 78 two, 80 three, 81 two, 84, 85 No. 5474
curious printing, labyrinth verses, etc., 90, 92, loi fyiw, 103, 105, 109,
123, 134, 135 two, No. 5888 is mentioned as very curious, 186, 237 two,
249 No. 6769 has this date, VI JULII LeopoLDUs CoMes InaUgU-
ratUs fUIt. = i79i, 349.

Vol. V. — 2, No. 8086 Fac^tie adress^ au fabricants de chandelles, date 1808,
64 Pibce en vers, 1830, 349, 354 No. 11029 each line in the book
mentioned is a chronogram, 356, 360 three, 361 three, 363 Na 11094
is a long series of chronograms, date 1765, 365, 379.

Vol. vi. — Supplement — 89 Recueil d'un nombre considerable de chrono-
grammes, 113 in verse, the chronograms give the date 1673, 160, 173
ode latine avec un grand nombre de chronogrammes, 176, 179/av, 180,
188 two, both containing numerous chronograms, 189 /our, 190, 191
^0, 193, 196 two, 207, 210, 212, 213, 233, 287.

Vol. vii. — 8 three, 9, 10, 11 two. No. 147 17 hexambtres et distiques latins,
anagrammes, chronogrammes, acrostiches, et autres difficult^ laborieuses.

GENERAL INDEX

OF PLACES, NAMES, AND THINGS.

Special Indices of the names of some distinguished men^ and of the initial words
of some remarkable chronograms^ will be found next after this Index.

Abiit and obiit, pun, 93.
Abingdon taken, 29.
Accipe, si placeat, libnini, 456.
Acrostics about Neander, 390-

322.

A. E. I. O. U., 140, 141, 391-396.

Aire in Artois. 207.

Aix-Ia-chapelle, 59, 60.

Albani, Pope Clement XI. . 143.

Albert, German emperor, 131.

Albert, Governor of Nether-
lands, 94, 99 ; epigram, 114.

Albert and Isabella, governors
of the Netherlands, pageants,
410-433.

Albertus Magnus, 367.

Albums, German, 533-536,

Albury church, 5.

Alcmar, 90.

Alexander Famese, Duke of
Parma, 114.

Alexander VI 11., Pope, 131.

Aloe and pine-apple planted,

13a.
Altenburg, inscriptions in

memory of Duke of Saxe-

Gotha, 145.
Altheim, 73.

Amalia (Maria Amalia), 471.
Amand Bourbon, his birth, 301.
Amiens taken, epigram, 115.
Amsterdam, 43, 44.
Amusing chronograms, 11.
Anabaptists, extravagant ac-
tions of, 333.
Anagrams —

Joannes Kingns, 6.

Book by W. Cheeke, 13-17.

on Charles I. of England, 33,
34.

on Thomas Bodley, 35.

on General Monk, 31.

on Marslaer, 100.

on George i. of England. 33.

Anagrams —
on Petrus iSliias, 113.
on Leopold i.. Emperor. 135.
on Joseph I., Emperor, 136.
on Germanus, 166, 167.
on the Miraculous Host, a
remarkable one, 279, 380.
on Petrus Kirstenus, 390.
by Zernik. a numerous collec-
tion, not chronograms, 393.
on Neander, 331.
on Calvin, 343.
on S. Meelfurer, 354, 355.
on J. Saubert, 356.
on U. P. Haarsdderiferus,36i.
on T. Gravius, 364.
on M. Piccart, 365.
on D. Mine, 369.
on Leopold, 391, 393.
on Salvator, Genitrix, Joseph,

440.
Decas Mariana, 441-448.
on Albert and Isabella. 41 z.
on Ave Maria, etc., 458.

Anna, St.. column at Inns-
bruck, 84.

Anne Bourbon, her birth, 301.

Anne, Queen of England, 41,
107.

Annus sexagesimus hujus sae-
culi, 3068 hexameter chrono-
grams, 462.

Antwerp, 50, 51 ; besieged,
91, 93, 95 ; epigram on sur-
render of. Z16 ; peace made
with Spain, 369 ; conflagra-
tion at, 472 ; monastery of
St. Salvator, 256 ; Augustine
Monastery, 256, 258 ; Jesuits'
and Minorites' Monasteries,
257 ; processions, 52.

Applause and lamentations re-
lating to emperors and per-
sons of renown, 382.

Arabic chronograms, 537.
Ardres taken, epigram, 114.
Arithmetical chronograms, 218,

465-467.
Armada, the Spanish, 25, 331.
Artois and Aire, chronograms

at, 207.
Assassination of William the
Silent, 116. 231.

of Henry ill. of France, n6,

198. 199-

of Duke of Orleans, 195.

of Henry iv. of France, 203.
Astrological chronograms

about Frideric, King of

Bohemia, 465.
Astrological predictions about

France, 334.
Atzwang, 86.
Augsburg, 68, 69.
Augsburg, diocese of, 70-73.
Augsburg Confession, 323.
Austerlitz battle, 203.
Author's name in chronogram.

9, 403, 407, 482, 486.

Backer, A. D., Bibliotheque
of Jesuit authors, 298.

Bad weather, 11.

Bagford collection of title-
pages, 284, 286.

Baldwin, Count of Flanders,

Balliolum, the town of, 98.
Balthasar Charles. Prince, his

death, loi.
Baltic, victories of Peter the

Great, 192.
Bamberg, 74 ; various bishops

^ of, 473-505- ^
Bartholomew, St., massacre,

222, 365.
Basing-nouse, 28.
Bath, chronogram at, 33.

S6o

Bautzen, 135, 213.

Beards abolished by a bishop,

Bedberg, siege of, 93.
Begley, Rev. W., books be-
longing to, 35, 131, 344« 364,

439.441.455-
Belgium, local chronograms,

49.

Belgrade, siege, capture, etc.,
154, 156, 159, 160, 161.

Bellicus, R.. epitaph, aoa

Bellona and Germany, a curi-
ous tract in chronogramroatic
verse, 166.

Bells» chronograms on, 5, 70.
71, 73, 199. a»s.

Benedicite omnia opera. 384.

Benno, Saint, 67.

Berchem. death of Duke of
Saxony at. 95.

Bergenopzoom besieged, 96.

Berkeley, Bishop, epitaph, 4, 5.

Bernard, Saint, playful chrono-
grams on, 356.

Berlin, St., church of, 361.

Beybeig monastery, 235.

Bible, curious application of
certain niunbers taken from,

lOI.

Bible history in chronogram,
440.

Birch, Mr., or Herr Birken,
eulogies on, 404.

Birthday verses to Joseph of
Austna, 311 ; to Leopold,
390-398 ; to Charles, Arch-
duke, 398.

Birthday verse, simple and
good, 373.

Blaserus, Consul of Ghent,
epigram, 117.

Blenheim battle, 39.

Blood, treaty of peace repre-
sented as signed with, 161.

Bodleian Library, 18, 18, 19,

24. 30. 33. 35. 36.

Bodley, Thomas, 33.

Boghardus, President of Coun-
cil, 117.

Bohemian language chrono-
grams, 348.

Boiler, repairing a, 199.

Bois-le-Duc, building of the
town, 99 ; siege of, 95. iz6 ;
on the departure of the
enemy from, 414.

Bommel church burnt, 97.

Bonn, 60, 61, 95 ; siege of, 38,

» 39. 93-
Books>-
some, with chronogram dates,
titles, dedications, 384, 385,
386. 387, 393, 398, 318.
by Jesuit authors, with
chronogram dates and

GENERAL INDEX.

Books—

titles, alphabetical list, 398.
308.

published at Ghent vnth
chronogram titles, 557.558.

some remarkable, 434.
Bossu, Admiral, defeated, 9a
Botanic garden at Leip^c. 133.
Botzen, 85.

Brabant monasteries, 350, 363.
Brahe, Tycho. astronomer, 365.
Brantone, Catharine, epitaph,

199.
Breda, the town of. ^, 98 ;

tower fell, 97 ; siege of. 98.
Breisach. siege of, 139, 13a
Breslau. medal relating to. 133 ;

submits to Frederic ]., 144;

its destruction predicted, 145 ;

University, 3x4.
Bridgewater battle, 37.
Brighton, cross at, 8.
Briseis and Achilles, Z30.
Bristol, siege of, 38.
British Museum Library; books

and manuscripts quoted,

passim.
Broadsides, British Museum, 35.
Brockthorp church. 34.
Bruges, 55.

Brunswick, Dukes of, various
medals. 150, 153, 335.

Duke of, his journey into
Italy, 471.
Bnishfield, Dr., chronograms

procured by him, 85.
Brussels, 49, 50 ; St. Michael.

tutelar saint of. 103, 433 ;

siege-money and jettons,

104; Carmelite monastery,

358 ; various others, 360 ;

sacrament robbery and

miracle, 363.
Bucer the reformer, 335.
Buckingham, Duke of, 30.
Buda-Pesth, 83 ; submission to

Austria, 155.
Buquoy, M., military officer,

95.96-

Burgau, 65.

Burgomaster, beheaded un-
justly, 90.

Burgundy, Dukes of, 195.

Buttlar, the English family
name of. an Abbot of Fulda,
506. 507.

Cabala, 41, 133, 193. 316, 311,

391-396, 401, 441. 443, 445.

446, 455-
Caddington church restored.

10, II.
Calais taken, epigram, 114, 196.
Calendar, correction of, 318.
Calvin, scurrilous chronograms

on, 341-348.

Cambray. siege and capbic d.

zoz. 115 ; peace at. 103.
Camden. William. 34.
Carlos, Don, son of Phiiip::

of Spain. 233.
Carlsbad waters drank by tbe

Electress of Bavam. 181.
Carmel. playful cfarooognss

on the name. 359.
Carmen panegyricnm on Abbot

Halloint, 355.
Caroll, Christ<^>her. dstK>

gram by. la
Casale. surrender of. 105.
Cask at Heidelberg. i\x
Cassimir Scewaxd. id
Cat. the gay and critictsi:{.

Chafe. T.. epitaph. 5.

Chaos votivum. 41.

Charleroy, the fortress of,
103.

Charles L of England. 19, x:
and Winchester School 22.
33 ; execution of, 23. 24.

Charles IL of England. 30. 31.
46a, 464.

Charles it. of Spain and Nether-
lands, marriage and c«bc
events. loa, 103.

Charles in. of Spain. 5«
Charles vi. of GcrmaDjr.

Charles v. . epigram on his birti,
113 ; and on his death, 113.

Charles vi. Emperor of Ger-
manv presents a golden key
to the citizens of Louvaa.
107 ; a group of chronograms
relating to him. 108, 109;
medals on peace with Spain.
no; votive epigrams, 140 •
birth of his son Leopold. 141 •
birth of a daughter, 146 ; u
king of Hungary. 157-1^:
his birth, 157 ; his marriage,
157; coronation as emperor.
1^7 ; coronation as King of
Hungary, 158; treaty signed
with 'blood,' 161; loses
Sardinia, 161 ; on bis death,
163, 163 ; birthday verses 10
him. 398-401 ; curious book
dedication to him, 459 '• ^
accession, 399-401.

Charles vii., emperor, i47-

Charles viii. of France, bap-
tism, 197 ; lodged at Chicrs,
198.

Charles xii. of Sweden, iS/'iS?-

Charles the Bold, Z96.

Cheeke, W., anagrams by, 13-
17-

Cherubin et seraphin. 196, 224.

Chester surrendered, 39.

Christ driving the dealers out
of the temple, 70, 87.

GENERAL INDEX.

S6i

Chronograms, references to.

See the list following after

this Index.
Chronograms in large letters,

281. 295, 397. 431.
Chronograms made for this

book. See Title-pa^e, front

and back. Illustrations list,

and Colophon.
Chronologia sacra, title-page

all in chronogram, 285.
Chronometra memorabilium

rerum, 25.
Church pLate coined into

money, 69.
Church, the, stability of, 532.
Civil war in England, 25.
Clement, Elector and Bishop

of Cologne, 61, 61.
Clement xi., Pope, 152, 143,

206.
Qifton-on-Teme, bells, 5.
Clock, chronogram on, 7, 145,

178, 226.
Coblenz, 65.

Co&Iebs et pius, at Vienna, 8z.
Cologne, 61-64.
Cologne, obsequies to Emperor

Leopold I., 137.
Comet, 217.
Compendium chronographi-

cum, 363.
Conceptus chronographicus, a

rare book, 458.
Confederation of Hungary,

Austria, Bohemia, and Pro-
vinces, 467.
Confessional, chronogram in-
scription, 64.
Conflagration at Antwerp, a

singular chronogram, 472.
Confusio disposita, a rare

book, 456.
Constance, 87.
Copernicus, astronomer, 364.
Coster, inventor of printing,

47-

Courtray, medal to Charles V. ,
107 ; medal on peace at, 108.

Creation of the world in chro-
nogram, 449 ; and facsimile
of the original print, 450.

Cross, the figure of, counted as
10 in a chronogram, 497.

Crozier, chronogram in shape
of, 497.

Cruehies by the Spaniards in
the Netherlands 90-92, 94.

Crumpe, T., remarkable lines,

33-
Cuttle, Captain, his favourite
remark, 11.

Danzig, school at, 184, 185.
Dartmouth taken, 29.
Day, the last, 22a

De Imitatione Christi, a very
rare book, entirely in chrono-
gram, 434-439 : and facsimile
of title-page, 436.

Decas Mariana, a rare book,
441.

Delft, 45.

Dendermonde, epitaph at, 99.

Denmark, historical medals,
190-192.

Devizes, battle of, 26.

Dialogue between Bellonaand
Germany, 166.

Dialogue, epitaph chrono-
grams, 258 ; scurrilous, on
the death of Calvin, 347.

Diligem Abbey, chronograms
at, 251, 252.

Dilingen, 72.

Dinant, the town destroyed.

195-

Dinkelshabel, 72.

Dissertation on the chrono-
grams of 1717, 108, 109, 204.

Distinguished men, 176 ; chro-
nograms on, 349-381. See
the alphabetical list following
next after this Index.

Doddridge, Sir John, 2.

Dog, chronogram on, 11.

Dog, a starved, the emblem of
the starved fortress Kanis-
cha, 156.

Donauw5rth, 73.

Doubts and death of Stdssel,
381.

Dresden, 82.

Duncumb. epitaph, 5.

Early chronograms, remarks
on, 12, 194, 195, 547. See
also Oriental and Hebrew
chronograms, 537, 542.

Earthquake, 12, 85, 2x6.

Easter cards, 2x0.

Ebner, H. W., keeper of the
crown jewels at Nuremberg,

Echo in medicina. a book, 286.

Eger in Bohemia. 182 ; medi-
cinal waters at, 535.

Eikon Basilikd, 23.

Eleonora of Austria married to
Charles of Lorraine, 126.

Eleonora Magdalena Theresia,
Empress, lamentation on her
death. 402.

Elephant in Brabant, 91.

Elford, Mary, epitaph, 6.

Elijah the prophet, 100.

Elizabeth, Queen of England,
9, 17 ; sends Earl of Dudley
to the Hague, 95.

Elizabeth Maria of Austria,
Governess of the Nether-
lands, numerous medals, iia
4B

Elizabeth Christina, Empress,
146.

Erabisius beheaded, 93.

England, chronograms in, i ;
kings of, 17 ; civil war, 25.

Enigma on the date of death of
Frederic II. of Denmark, 191.

Epicedion on H. L. Glareanus,
314 ; on a bishop of Wflrz-
burg, 50a

Epigrams frequent throughout
the book.

Epigrams on Prince Henry
Frederick, 16 ; about a
bishop of Wtirzburg, 491 ;
on an abbot of Fulda. 508 ;
concerning Flanders, events
and persons, 1x3-1x9.

Epithalamia Oxoniensia,

Charles I. and Henrietta
Maria, 2X.

Epithalamium and epigram on
marriage of Peter Moutz and
his death, loi ; on A. de
Vuldere, 118 ; on F. Echout.
118 ; on Lady Florence
Weza, 119 ; on Charles 11. of
Spain, 289 ; on Maximilian
Emanuel, Count Palatine,
289 : on C. B. Pichtel, 310 ;
on Barbara Bemssaw, 313 ;
on Theodore Hultzscher,
314 ; and others, 315-317.

Erasmus the reformer, 335.

Ernest, Archduke, Governor of
the Netherlands, epigram,
114.

Eugene, Prince, 39.

Exeter, chronograms at, 2 ;
surrender of, 29.

Eyck the painter, 54.

Farewell, Lady M., chrono-
gram, 5.

Felix temporum reparatio, 88.

Ferdinand, Infanta of Spain,
congratulation on his arrival
as Governor of the Nether-
lands, in 100 chronogram
lines, and others. 423-429.

Ferdinand i. of Bohemia, X23.

Femelius, epitaph, 200.

Filius ante diem, chronograms
with these words from Ovid,
232.

Fireworks, display of, xia

Flattery addressed to Leopold
I. and others, 135, 382, 386,

387. 390. 396. , ,
Flowers, supernatural blossom-
ing of, 259.
Flebilis onmibus flebilior, 128.
Ford, T., epitaph, 6.
Forest, P. van, epitaph, 20a
Foundation-stone inscription,
240, 241.

562

GENERAL INDEX.

Fountain at Aire in Artois, 207,
2za

France, chronograms, 194.

Fkancis i. stops at the inn at
Botzen. 85.

Francis i. of France. 196, 198.

Franconia plaudens, 473.

Franconia lugens, 4^.

Frankenthal porcelain, 217.

Frankfort-on-Main, 65.

Frankfurter, Dr., du'onograms
procured by, 87.

Frederic i. of Prussia, 142 ;
his career at college, 142 ;
birth of his son, 143 ; pro-
claimed at KOnigsbei^, 143 ;
various medals, 143, 144 ;
questions and answers at
Breslau, T44.

Frederic ii. of Denmark,
medals, and curious applica-
tion of numbers extracted
from the Bible, 191.

Frederic IV. of Denmark, 191.

Frederic Henry, Prince of
Orange. Ste Orange.

Frederic Henry, Prince of
Bohemia, drowned, 126.

Frederics, * the three,* 191.

Frideric, King of Bohemia,
congratulations on entering
Prague, 'PortA pacis,' 464-
468.

Fulda plaudens ctplangens, 505.

Fulda, the abbots and bishops
of, 505-522,

Funebris memoria, etc. 471.

Funeral obsequies of Leopold i. ,
^37* 399 ; of Joseph i. and
accession of Charles vi.,
399-401 ; of Maria Amalia,
471.

Funeral sermon, chronogram
on the last page of, and
others, 403 ; sermon on A.
Florian, 403 ; on Ludwig, 125.

Fussen, 73.

Gaukema, G., prepared his
own tomb and epitaph, 371.

Genethliacon to Joseph I., 311 ;
by J. Corverus, 314 ; to
Leopold, son of Leopold I.
and Eleanora, 390-398 ; to
Charles, Archdiuce of Aus-
tria, afterwards Charles vi.,
398.

Genius Belgicus consolatur, a
lamentation in verse, 468.

Gentleman's Magazine, 10.

Geography, book on, with
chronogram title, 286, 287.

George i. of England, 152, 153,
472.

George 11. of England dies at
Osnabuig, 153.

Gereon, Saint, 63.

German albums, 523-536.

German history, etc. laa

German emperors, epigram
dates by Joseph k Pinu, xar.

German monasteries, several,
235.

Germany (various) local chrono-
grams, S9. ^•

Geux, the beggars, 116, 370.

Ghent, atrocities and turbu-
lence, 93.
chronograms at, 54, 55.
epigrams concerning, 115,

1x6.
processions and pageants,

429.430-
cathedral burnt, 117 ; con-
suls of, epigrams, 117 ;
Damasus, bishop of, 117 ;
church of St. Bavon, 215 ;
church of St. Michael, 216 ;
church of St. Nidiolas,
261 : Augustine monastery
destroved, 261.
Gideon, the sword of, 159,

i6a
Gloria patri, gloria Filio, etc.,

178.
Gold and silver mines, 217 ; of

Potosi, 420-429.
Golden fleece, the order of,

151. 158.

Goldsmith, F., his book, 9.

Gossnass in Tirol, 87.

Gostwick epitaph, 2, 3.

G5ttwieh monastery, Leopold i.
and Eleanora stop there and
make a chronogram, 132.

Gouda, 45.

Gravelines txittle, 196. .

Grey, Lord Mayor, 35.

Gries, near Botzen, 86.

Grimberg monastery, 250, 267.

Grimmenstein made Frieden-
stein, 214.

Groenendael monastery, 253.

Groningen surrendered, 90.

Grotius, Hugo, 9.

Grousbroeck, bishop, epitaph,
57-

Gustavus Adolphus, Preface,
187, 188, 530. 546.

Guido or Guy, Saint, super-
natural growth of his stick,
252, 253.

Gunpowder Plot, 19, 25, 99.

G. Y.B. I.D.,a prediction,

Haarlem, 44, 45, 47.
Hafiz, the Persian poet, 540.
Hailstorm, 533.
Halle University, list of rectors',

374-
Halle, town-hall built at, 219.

Hambui]g, chroDogmos at,

2X2.

Hebrew chronograms. 543.
Hebrew chronology, nik to
convert into the Chhsbaa

era. 545-
Hegira, era of. ruk to cooTcn

into the Christian, 53S.
HeiddbecK. great cask ai. 212.
Henrietta Maria, queen, si, 21
Henry iii. of France zistss-

nated, xi6.
Henry iv. of FYanoe assass-

nated, 203.
Henry iv. of England defeated

in France, 194, 19$.
Henry Fredenck, PHdoc 14

18.
Hereford taken, 28, 29.
Hesse. Ludwig, Duke of. his
funeral, 125, 126.

Ernest Ludwig, Duke of. 147.
Heyne. Baron P. de, his date.

118.
Hiltenius, a reformer, 336.
Hiruler, D., a book with his

portrait. 288.
Hochmann. Mr., his miifcr-

tunes, 599.
Hochstadt battle, 39.
Holland, local chronogFams^j

historical chronQgrams, 8^
Horse and mule, which haw

no understanding, 376.
Howel, James, la
Hudde,!., matheniatidaii.44^
Hulst taken, XX5.
Hungary, historical and othff

chronograms, 153-169.
Huss, John, the refonner, ^

ICONCXXASTS in Flanders, Sg.
' If it please thee take the book

and eat it up. '456.
Ilsington churdi, 6.
Initial letters, singular chrono.

gram composed of, 473.
Innichen, 86.
Innsbruck. 84.
Inscriptions, various, tx Bol-

donio, 2x6.
Inundations in HoUaod, 45>

46: at Antwerp, S^I ^

Li^e, 58.
Italy, very few chronograms,

87.

James First of England, 14.

x6, 17, 18, 90, 37.
James Second of England. 3I'

32.
James Third of England, y,

88.
Jesuit authors, some books with

chronogram dates and titles,

298.

GENERAL INDEX.

563

Jesus of Nazareth in chrono-
gram, 324.

Jews in Hungary relieved, 165.

Jocose correspondence, iz.

John of Austria, zoo ; epigram
on his death, ZZ3 ; at battle
of Lepanto, ZZ9, 28a ; bis
arrival as governor, 232.

John George, Duke of Saxony,
Z25. Set also Saxony, Dukes
of.

Joseph I., Emperor, his birth,
Z32 ; cabala to him, Z33 ;
medal, Z34 ; siege of Laudau,
Z34 ; medal on his accession,
Z35 ; anagram, Z36 ; victories
in Hungary, Z55 ; coronation
in Hungary, Z56 ; birthday
verses to, 31 z ; funeral ob-
sequies at Prague, 399.

Joseph I. and Wlhelmina
Aroalia, marriage of, 402.

Joseph II., Emperor, marries
Elizabeth of Parma, 148 ;
his coronation, Z49 ; medals
concerning him, Z49; chrono-
gram prophetic of his birth,

209, 2ZO.

Juliers or Julich, capture of,

97-
Julius Sigismund, Duke of

Juliusburg, marriage of, Z27.

Kanischa fortress, Z56.
Key, a golden, presented to

tne city of Louvain, Z07.
Kineton, battle of, 26.
King. Bishop, epitaph, 6.
Kings of England, Z7.
Kirstenus, his works dated by

chronograms,. 289.
KobeU 70.
Konigsberg, 143.
K6nigswinter, 64.
Kreuzberg, near Bonn, 6z.

Laca or Laka monastery, 252.

Lamberg family, a book, 2Z3.

Lambeth Palace Library, 9, 25,
3Z, 63, 98, Z2S, Z47, 291,
395. 318. 378. 378.

Lamps for streets, Z32.

Landau, sieges of, Z34.

Langport battle, 27.

Larks sing the praises of Leo-
pold, 396.

Last day, 220.

Lavenza, victory over the Turks
at, Z54.

Law, John, the speculator, 303.

Learned Society, correspond-
ence with member of, zz.

Lechsgemlind, 70.

Leipzig, Z32, 2Z2.

Leonine verses, Z67, 391, 393,
394» 397. 48a, 507. 5".

Leopold I. and Eleonora, Z32,

^ 382-^89, 39Z.

Leopold I., Emperor, marries
Eleonora, Z32 ; birth of a
son, Z32 ; they stop at Gott-
wich monastery, Z32 ; vari-
ous medals, Z33; anagram,
Z3s; obsequies at GrStz, Z36 ;
obsequies at Cologne, Z36;
epilogue of adulation, Z39 ;
victories in Hungary, Z5^,
Z56 ; applause on his visit
to Augsburg, 382-389; a
tract on his funeial, 399 ; me-
trica agglutinatio addressed
to him, 443.

Leopold, Archduke, son of
Leopold I. and Eleonora, a
birthday address to, 390.

Leopold, son of Charles vi.,
on his birth, zzo ; medals
on his birth, Z4Z, Z42.

Leopold, governor of Flanders,
zoo.

Lepanto, battle of, ZZ9, 282.

Lewis VI. , Elector- Palatine,
seven chronograms on his
death, 125.

Leyden, 44.

Liborius, Saint, removal of
his remains, 222.

Li^ge. 56, 57, 58.

Lier or Lirre preserved from
siege, 94.

Life, death, etc., 10.

Lightning, churches biunt by,

95. 97. 97. 98. 117.
Lightning, invocation against,

Lilduld, perpetual motion, 220.

Lilicidium, Z4, 288.

Lille, chronograms at, Z99,
204 ; capture of, 40.

Lilly, W., the astrologer, 36.

Linz, 80.

Lobelius the botanist buried in
London, 363.

Logogryph chronograms, 342,
481, 485.

London chronograms, 6, 7.
Lord Mayor of, 35.

Lotteries and calculations about
a bishop of WUrzburg, 48a

Louis XIII. of France, his birth,
20Z.

Louis XIV. of France, his birth,
etc., 202 ; his death, 203.

Louis Philippe, 2zz.

Louis, Duke d'Enghien, 20Z.

Louvain, 56, Z07, 255, 256.

Louvain and Mechlin hostili-
ties, 9z.

Ludus fortunae, retrograde and
contrary verses, 323.

Ludwig. Duke of Hesse, fun-
eral, Z25, Z26.

Luschariberg, chrono. at, 2Z4.

Luther, biographical chrono-
grams, 337-341.

Luxembourg, society for pre-
serving ancient monuments,
2Z3.

Macaire, Saint, festival and
processions at Ghent, 430.

Magdeburg, z88.

Magdeburg, Bishop of, abo-
lishes long beards, 533.

Malines, chrongrams at, 53,
54 ; besieged, 92, 43Z.

Mannikin statue at Brussels,
267.

Manuscripts, British Museum,
22, 32, zoz, 224, 230, 293,

523-
Manuscripts, Bodleian library,

Z9, 24, 30, 35, 36.
Marcellus, the name, 93, 97,

98, Z06.
Maria, Archduchess of Austria,

marries John v. of Portugal,

139.

Maria Amalla, Empress, her
funeral obsequies, 47Z.

Maria Antonia, Princess of
Austria, lamentation on her
death, 468.

Maria Theresa as sovereign of
the Netherlands and Queen
of Hungary, zzz ; her coro-
nation, Z64 ; friendly to
the Jews in Hungary, Z65 ;
a peace medal to her, Z46;
her inauguration at Ghent,
429 ; lines from Virgil ap-
plied to her, Z62 ; her mar-
riage. 529.

Mark, Bishop, erects his tomb,
57-

Marlborough, Duke of, 38,

39-
Marriage address to Maria of

Austria, Z39.
Marriage verses to a Count de

Berg, by the Cur<5 of Box-

meer, 407, and see Epithala-

mia.
Marslaer, a magistrate of Brus-
sels, anagram on his name,

zoo.
Marston-moor, battle of, 26.
Martin, St., of Tours, 234.
Mary Queen of Scots, zz6.
Massacre on the eve of St.
Bartholomew, 222, 365.

the Sicilian Vespers, 222.
Matthias, Emperor, Z24.
Maurice, Prince of Nassau and

Orange, Z9, 23Z.
Maximilian I., Emperor, 55,

Z2Z, Z23.

5^4

GENERAL INDEX.

Maximilian II., Emperor, 122.
123, 124.

Maximilian Emanuel of Ba-
varia, governor of the Nether- j
lands, and his marriage. 106 ; \
medal on defeat of the
French, 146.

Maximilian, Count - Palatine, '
Duke of Bavaria, his tri-
umphs and inauguration as
Septemvir, 406.

Mayence rescued from the
Swedes, and some medals,
148.

Mayence, Daniel. Archbishop
of. 234.

Mechlin, procession and page-
ant. 431. Ste nlso Malines.

Melanchthon, 335.

Melun, Robert, Duke of, epi-
gram, 114.

Metamorphosis angelica Mari-
ana, a book containing 3300
anagrams, 408.

Michael, Saint, is addressed in
congratulation to Ferdinand.
424.

Micklethwaite, J. T., makes
chronograms. 8, zi, 12, 285,
and back of title-page.

Murp^t ^JX«OJ, Micraehus, 358.

Mines of gold and silver, 217,
429 : uncertainty of, 291.

Miscellaneous chronograms,

204, 2X2.

Moerdyk, 45.

Monasteries, German, 235-

243-
at Olmutz, 244-249.
of Brabant and Flanders,
250-262.
Monavius, P., epitaph, 200.
Money with chronogram in-
scriptions, 76.
Monk, General, 4i.
Montaigu Church, lamp given

to. III.

Montlh^y, battle of, 196.
Mud, a recollection of, 11.
Munich, 67, 68.
Muses, the nine, praise Albert

and Isabella. 416.
Music, chronogram set to, 536.

Namur, given up to Spain,
105, 106.

medal to Leopold, son of
Charles v., no.
Nantwich, 26, 30.
Napoleon I. gains Austerlitz.

203 ; at Tilsit, 204 ; on his

accession, 211.
Naseby battle, 27.
Neander, Michael, portrait

with chronogram, acrostic,

etc, 318.

Nepomuc, Sk. John of. or St
John Nepomucene, 80, 85 ;
History of, and chronograms
at Prague, 170-189; coro-
rared with St. John the
Baptist. 182.

Netherlands historical chrono-
grams. 89.
pageants and panegyrics. 409.

Neuhausel siege, etc., 155.

Neuss besieged, 94.

Newbury, battle of, 26, 27.

Newcastle battle, 27.

Niederbachen, 64.

Niederdorf in Tirol, 86.

Nimegen, the peace of, 13a

4x4.
Norbert, Saint, 248 ; at Grim-
berg monastery, 251 ; likened
to Saul or Paul, 251 ; finally
entombed at Prague, 251.
AW«5 and Queries, chronogram

for, II.

Nun taking the veil, 205.

I Nunc and tunc, 2x6. 370.

I Nuncius propheticus, 25.

I Nuremberg, 75, 76, 77.

Nuremberg money, 76.

i Odes by J. Rempen, 325-332.
' Olmlits monastery, 244.
Omer, St. chronograms at,

261, 262.
Orange, Prince Henry FVederic,
epitaph, 99, loa
William Charles Henry, no.
William, verses, etc., to, loi.
William ill. , and de Wilt, 104.
William the Silent, 116, 231.
a prince of, bilingual chrono-
gram medal, 112.
Organ ^lery, chronogram in-
scription, 56.
Oriertal chronograms, 537.
Oriel ius the geographer, 118,

37a-
Ostende, fortress of, 103 ; siege

of, 96.
Oudenarde battle, ^9. 4a
epiuph on one of five priests,
martyrs, 261.
Oxford, siege of, 30.

Pageants and panegyrics in
the Netherlands, 409.

Panegyric on Abbot Halloint,
225.

Panegyric on Duke of Bruns-
wick, 325.

Papacy, verses against, by
Rempen, 330-332.

Paris, chronograms at. 198, 202.

Parnassus augustianus, 297.

Passau, 79 ; destroyed, 124.

Patrice drowned at Tolouse, 196.

Paul's. St., cathedral. 6. ir
Pax vobis, or wii*s changes, e.
Peace between France and
Spain. 94. 96, 105. 289.

between Spain and HoHaod.
97, 99. loa

between Spain and Engknd,
a large medal, 103.

of Nimegen. 13a

of Rastadt, 145, 146.

of Httberts^ierg, 148.

of E^LSsarowits. i6a

of Prafn>c. brochure on, n
the Vienna Library. 996.
Pegnesis. a book of enJogr on

Herr Birken. 404.
Perpetual motion. 22a
Persian chronograms, 537.
Philip ]. of Spain, 121. 123.
Philip II. of Spain, peace with

Ftance, epigrams, 1x5; bis

death. Z15, 370.
F*hilip IV. of Spain and Ncihw-

lands. I02.
Philip V. of Spain, his marriage,

106.
Phoebus and the muses, sing

the praises of Albert a&i

Isabella, 4x6-423.
Physician, compliment to, 530.
Pinu, Joseph &. chronograms on

the German emperors, mi;

others, 364. 367, 368. 368.

3^.369.
Pithon, Peter, epitaph, 20a
Plague and pestilence, 79. 103.

X19,* at Hambuig. axa; al

Leyden. 351.
Planiin, C, celebrated printer,

373.
Poemata chronometra, contains

many pages of chronQgnun^

408.
Poemata varia, 140, 309.
Poet, simple chronogram on.

Poland, historical notes, 183:
chronograms on medals of
the kings, etc. etc., i8f

Poppelsdorf, 6z.

Porcelain cup at Ptaguc Mu-
seum, 181.
plate at Frankenthal. 2x7.

Porta pacis, chronograms. 464-

Portraits mentioned, of Prince
Eugene, 39; of Duke of
Marlborough, 39 ; of Hirtxlcr.
288 ; of Vander Stricht, ai4j
and Frontispiece ; of Michacf
Neander, 318.

Pragmatic Sanction alluded to.
163.

Prague, chronograms there;
also concerning St. John of
Nepomuc, 170-182 ; siaiucs
on the bridge, 177.

GENERAL INDEX.

565

Prague-
executions at, ^09.
Archbishop of, congratula-
tion to (Zodiacus ecclcsis),

45a-

Precatio pro pace, 33, 408.

Precious stones, chronographic
representations of a bishop
of Wllrtburg, 478.

Pressburg in Hungary, 82, 83.

Pretender, the, 32, 88.

Prideaux, Bishop of Worcester,
2.

Printing, invention of, 47.
books and chronograms on
the invention of, 293. 294.
Christopher Plantin. the cele-
brated printer, 373.

Prisoners, the peace-party at
Ghent, 1x5.
Francis I. of France, 198.
Maximillian I., 55.

Processions, Antwerp, 52 ; and
other places, 409-433. Su
also 264, 283.

Prophecies and predictions,
144, 145. Su VirgiL On birth
of Joseph II., 210: last day,
21 X ; on the disturbances in
Flanders, 289 ; in retrograde
verse, 324 ; of the Refomaa-
tion, by J. Hiltenius, 336;
of the purchase of lands by
Tetzel, 361.

Proverbs, one hundred, 227.

Pulpit, chronogram inscrip-
tions, 54, 64, 86.

Pultowa battle, 193.

Pun on ' abiit obiit,* 92.

QuESNOY taken by siege, 108.

Racociana (Hungarian)

medal, 165.

Rastadt, peace of, 145, 146.

Ratisbon, 77, 78, 79.

Real presence, the, 223. Set
also 'Sacrament miracle' at
Brussels.

Reformation and the Refor-
mers, 223, 333, 369.

Regensburg. See Ratisbon.

Reimlingen, 73.

Religious peace, 224.

Rempen, J. , Sapphic verses by,

„ 335-332. ^

Renhartshofen, 71.

Retrograde verses, 323, 324,
414, 423.

Rheinfels, siege of, 130.

Rhine Country, local chrono-
grams. 59.

Richmond and Lennox, chrono-
gram, 4.

Ried in Tirol, 86.

Rifle-shooting target, 87.

Rings, a book on, 287.
Rochelle and the English fleet,

202.
Roggenburg monastery, 239.
Rome, 88.

Roosendael monastery, 253.
Rudolph II., Emperor, 124.
Ruroold, Saint. 53 ; festival

and procession at Mechlin.

431-
Ruremonde, address to Bishop

of, 406.
Russia, Peter the Great, his

conquests, 192.

Sacrament Robbery and
Miracle at Brussels. 263.

Sales, Francis de, twelve com-
plimentary chronograms,
296.

Salt water and fresh, 55.

Salzburg, 68, 243.

Sancta familia, a rare book,

439-
Sapphic verses, 325, 331, 512.
Sardinia taken from Charles

VI., x6i ,' and restored with

Sicily, 161.
Saul, Saul, 534. See Norbert.
Savonarola the Dominican

preacher, 368.
Saxony, various Dukes of, 125,

127, 128, 129. 185.
Schabringen, 72.
Schefstall. 71.

Schenk, garrison relieved, 100.
Schlipsheim, 70.
Schonberg, epitaph on, 378.
Sch5nbrunn, 8x, 82.
Schwarz-Rheindorf, 61.
Scurrilous chronograms on

Calvin, 341-348.
Secret writing and shorthand,

a book on, 230.
Seeg, 73.
Sermons at a public fast, 9, 10.

on Lady Farewell, 5.

on Leopold i., Emperor,
136, 226.

various, 225.
Seven wise men of Greece, 323.
Sherborne school, 4; battle,

27.
Sherburn battle, 28.
Shoulder of mutton, allusion

to, 369.
Shrewsbury battle. 27.
Shut the door, 205.
Sictor, J., chronograms by, i8,

25-30. 35-
Siena. 88.
Siglohe, 70.
Simpson. Dr. W. S., on St.

Paul's Cathedral, 12.
Skippon, P., his travels, 52, 82.
Slaughter-bouseinscription, 74.

Sleepless nights. 292.
Sobieski. See also Poland

medals, 185.
Solomon, the new, Frederic of

Prussia. 142 ; also Charles

VII., 147.
Song of the three children,

384-
Sp>anish armada, 25, 23X.
Spinola, A., military com

mander. 96. 420.
Spinola, F., admiral, death of,

95-

Stainsby, F. , chronograms pub-
lished by, x8, 19.

Stettburg, 71.

Stocke, R., epitaph, 7.

Stoppelard. wife, and son, 118.

St5ssel doubts miserably, 381.

Strale, A. de, executed, 90.

Strass parish church, 72.

Street lamps adopted, 132.

Stuhlweissenburg, siege, etc.,

155-
Style, old and new, 2x8.
Suberinus, chronograms by,

230, 231.
Sun-dial at Nantwich, 30, 31.
Sweden, historical note, X87.

Tailors without clothes, 22a.
Tasens in Tirol, 86.
Target for rifle, 87.
Tasniers battle, 40.
Taunton, chronogram on two

children, 2.
Tavannes' son bom, 197.
Tawstock. epitaph at, 6.
Tayert, P., epigram on the

Emperor presenting a medal

to him, X19.
Te Deum, imitation of, 383.
Temesvar, the Turks defeated

at. 159.
Terribilis est locus, 97.
Theatine order, and their

church at Munich. 471.
Theban legion and St. Gereon,

63.

Thurn and Taxis, epitaphs,
65.66.

Tiefenau, Dr., of Vienna, con-
tributes chronograms, 124,
148, 203, 285. 293. 296, 553.

Tilsit, curious chronogram,
204, 293. 296. •

Tirol, 84-87.

Tisdale. R., chronograms by,
20.

Title-page chronograms, 5, X9,
285. See also Jesuit authors
and Hebrew chronograms.

Toblach in Tirol, 86.

Torrington taken. 29.

Tournay, 40, 26X ; siege of,
106, 107.

566

GENERAL INDEX.

Towers, various, burnt and

fallen, ^6, 97, 07, 98, 36a.
Transposition of words, tracts

containing, 33, 33, 3i6, 407,

408.
Triest, P., consul of Ghent,

epigrams, 117.
Trifles, chronogramsabout,30S.
Trinity column, 81 ; at Prague,

i8a
Triumphs of Maximilian,

Count-Palatine, 406.
Tulp, N.. magistrate, 44.
Tunc and nunc, 316, 370.
Tungerloo Abbey, 353.
Turks defeated at Vienna, 130-

133 ; defeated in Hungary.

154-156, 159 ; at Lepanto,

119, 383; at Lavenza, 154:

by I>eopold, 135.

Univeksity of Breslau, 314 ;
of Rostock, 310 ; of Giessen,
314 ; of Halle, 374 ; Erlangen,

I50-
Utrecht, 47.
medal on the peace of, 107.

Vaes, S., Bishop of Everbode,

I03.

Vander Stricht, portrait of,

with chronogram, 3x4.
Vaticinium in retrograde verse,
324>
about Gustavus Adolphus,
546.
Venatius, Saint, 339.
Vienna, 81 ; siege and relief of.

130. i3i» 132.
Vienna Imperial Library, some
book titles from, 393, 396 ;
and see Tiefenau.

Vigilius, death of, 93.

Vilvorde in Brabant. 9a

Vintage, figurative chrono-
grams about a bishop of,
484.

Violaeus. M., epitaph, sea

Virgil, lines applied to Charles
VI. and Maria Theresa, 163 ;
other quotations, passim.

Virgin Mary, miraculous statue
of, 344.

Viri illustres, 349-381.

Viridarium Lusitanum, a rare
book, 387.

Virtues, statues of, with chro-
nogram inscriptions, 406.

494-

Vondel, Dutch poet, 44.

Vrientius, M., chronograms by,
95, 96, 361, 415 ; epigrams by,
113-118 ; daughter of, 118.

Wallope, R., chronogram

on, 36.
Walters, Thomas, epitaph, 9.
Warner, Lord Mayor, 35.
Weimar, Dukes of, 137, 139,

VeUs'(

Wells Cathedral, 4.

Welwyn church, 8 ; the Frythe,
near, 7, 8.

Wenzel, Saint, at Prague, 178.

Westminster Abbey, 4.

Widdecombe church, 6.

William iii. of England, 105.

William iv., the last Sudt-
holder of Holland, congratu-
lations at various places on
his installation, 433.

William v. of Holland, iia.

William the Silent assassi-
nated, 116, 331.

William Charles Henry, Prince

of Orange and Nissan,

no.
Willi ngfton church, 3.
Wilshcre, Mr*, diroDO^n^ms

'^y* 7. 8. ^, 68, 570 ; alluded

to, 285. See also Welwyn.
Winchester Cathedral, 4 .

castle surrendered. 23 ;

school, 23, 23.
Withers the poet, chronogram

by. 31-
Witt, C. and J. de, accused

conspi rators against William,

Prince of Orange, 104.
Wittenberg, epitaphs at, 213.
Worcester surrendered, 3a
World full of folly, 531 ; is a

bubble, 532.
Worscheini, 70.
Wratislaw, A. H., on St John

of Nepomuk, quoted, 172.
Wttriburg, 74. 74, 484; vwious

bishops of. 473-505-

Zeix, 73.

Zierikzee church burnt, 97.

Ziska. J. T.. death of. 335.

Zittaw. 83.

Zodiac of illustrious stars of
the Church, 452.

Zodiac, signs of, to agnify the
date of events indicated by
chronograms, 412.

Zerotin. Count, funeral sermon.
404.

ZOckwolfius, Bible hisiory
chronograms. 449.

Zurich, dbronograms in Arch-
aeological Society's transac-
tions. 2x7.

Zwingli, the Reformer. 534.

INDEX OF NAMES OF DISTINGUISHED MEN

ON PAGES 349 TO 381.

Aghicola, R., scholar, 367.
Aiala, B., jurist, 372.
Aicholtz, J., medical, 363.
Albertus, B., 353.
Albertus Magnus, bishop, 367.
Albrecht, G., theologian, 357.
Alostanus, A, preacner. 370.

BernHard vi. of Lippe, a

curious chronogram, 376.
Bischoff, L., ecclesiastic, 353.
Blendingcr, J. H., philosopher,

357-
Bhntzig, G. F., philosopher,

Bomeberg, Count, ^74.
Bonomius, J. C, bishop, 379.
Bostel, L., poet, 373.
Brahe, Tycho, astronomer, 365.
Breiihaupt, J. F., scholar, 373.
Bud^, G., author, 366.

Candidus, p., 352.
Capitaneus, P., medical, 362.
Copernicus, astronomer, 364.
Cornarius, j. , medical, 367.
Cornarius, J., professor, 366.
Cruciger, G., theologian, 368.
Cunerus, P., bishop, 370.

Dannhauer, J. *C., theolo-

a Greek ad-

^gian, 357.
3ta, J. H.,

Despota,

venturer' 376.
Detschel, M., theologian, 351.
Dilherrus, J. M., librarian, 359.
Dorschaeus, J. G., professor,

359.

Fabricius, F., scholar, 381.
Fabritius, J., pastor, 353.
Fagel, F., 373.

Fagius, P., preacher and re-
former, 369.
Fasch, A., philosopher, 357.
Finck, C, theologian, 354.
Flue, N. , Swiss patriot, 377.
Forster, J., theologian, 352.
Forsterus, J., doctor, 352.

Fuchs, G., physician, 380.
Fuchs, R., botanist, 380.

Gaukema, G., 371.
Geroldus, learned monk, 350.
Ghenart, A., 381.
Glaser, F., theologian, 356.
Glassius, S., professor, 358.
Gothofredus, D., lawyer, 360.
Gotscaleanus, M. J., theo-
logian, 370.
Gravius, J., poet, 364.
Grynaeus, S., theologian, 367.
Gya, J., theologian, 370.

Haarsdoerfferus, G. p.,

senator, 361.
Hamoen, M., astronomer, 366.
Hauffius, G., pastor. 356.
Heden, j. C, theologian, 357.
Hedio, G., theologian, 369.
Helm, L., author, 380.
Henneberg, Count, 377, 377.
Herberger, V., pastor, 354.
Herdesianus, j. , lawyer, 361.
Herthals, J. "F., philosopher,

381.
Hesse, E., poet, 366.
Himmel, H., epitaph, a play

on the word ' heaven,' 380.
Hoe, M., theologian, 355.
HoUius, P., theologian, 358.
Horbinus, J. H., a persecuted

clergyman, 375.
Hottinger, J. H., professor,

359.
Huber, P., theologian, 355.
Hutten,U.von, theologian, 367.
Hyperius, A G., theologian,

367-

IMHOFF, G.. senator, 362.

JUNIUS, F.,3Si.
ustus Jonas, theologian, 369.

Kniperode, W., 350.
K5nig, G., doctor of theology,
358.

Krauss, L. F., bishop, 378.
Kressius, T. C, minister to

King of Bohemia, 362.
Kromayerus, A. F. , clergyman,

373-

Lampsonius. D., artist, 363.
Lappius, N., theologian. 355.
Lehmann, P., lawyer, 360.
Lipse, J., philologist. 378.
Lobellus, M., botanist, 363.
Locre, F.. author, 379.
Loyola, the Jesuit, 376.
Ludwig, Count of Hanau, 376.

Macropedius, G. , poet, 370.
Major, G., theologian, 368.
Mannagetta, J. W., 363.
Mantuanus, B., Hebrew

scholar, 364.
Marci, C, pastor, 356.
Maukischius, J., pastor, 360.
Meelfurer, J. and S., 354.
Micraelius, J. , professor. 358.
Mine. J. D., a chronogram and

anagram, 369.
Munster, S., geographer, 369.

Neserus, J., 352.
Nbslerus, G., medical, 363.
Nudingus, G., theologian, 353.

Oelhafius. politician, 362.
Ortell, A. , or Ortelius, geogra-
pher, 372.

Pancratius, a., theologian,

350.
Pappus. J. , theologian, 352.
Paracelsus, T., medical, 362.
Peiresc, N. C. F. de, philolo-
^ gist, 378.
Perca,J., pastor, 353.
Peucer, C, medical, 363.
Piccart, M., professor, 365.
Pirchaimer, W.. historian, 368.
Plantin. C, printer, 373.
Polnitz, B. , lawyer, 360.
Popp, F., judge, 378.

568

NAMES OF DISTINGUISHED MEN.

Ramus, P., mathematician.

365.
Reichtcr, C,

Inhart,

T. J

philosopher,
, professor,

Reinl

373-

Rentcius, H., theologian, 351.
Rhumelius, J., theologian, 351.
Rivinus, D., 374.
Rubenus, L., abbot, 350.
Ruger, J. , lawyer, 360.

Sachs, P. J., medical, 364.
Saubert, J., philosopher, 356.
Savonarola, G., preacher, 368.
Scheibler, C., scholar, 357.
Schilterus, Z., theologian, 351.
Schmid, U., professor, 354.
Schrouck, V., philosopher, 354.
Schrammius, D. , theologian,

Schulting, C, ecclesiastic, 376.

Schuttelaere, J. B. V., 380.

Setler, J., pastor, 353.

Sporck, Count, 377.

Statmann, N., lawyer, 360.

Stochius, N., of Leyden, 379.

Stofler, J., mathematician,
368.

StolOy H.. theologian, 35a

Stosselius, J., a doubting pro-
fessor, 381.

Stratsegus, P. , physician, 366.

Streitborger, J., theologian,

SSI-
TAPPER, R., scholar, 37a.

Tamau, J. C, senator, 379.

Tetrel, j. J., senator, 361.

Theobaldus, Z., pastor, 353.

Theodoricus, S., 351.

Theodonis, V. , ecclesiastic,
368.

Turnebe, A., philologist, 378.

Ursinus. J. H., pastor, 359.

Vadianus, J., medical, 361.

Velse, H., 373.

Vergerio, P. P., bishop, 37s

Wagn£R, P., pastor, 353.
Weber, J., pastor, 357.
Weber, M., pastor, 359.
Weidner. J. W., pastor, 359.
Wdnheimer, A., theologian.

357.
Weinrich, G., theologian, 352.
Widerus, J.. 354.
Winchant, F., scholar, 381.
WitxendorfT. H.. bur^gomasief.

and author of chronograms,

377-

Zase, H. , jurisconsult, 365.
Zeiler, M., historian, 365.
Zellius, M. pastor, 365.

INDEX OF THE INITIAL WORDS OF SOME OF
THE CHRONOGRAMS.

a cheval a cheval, 1 96.
Adestespectatum o gives,

400.

Advemtus Domini, 221.
An ignoratis, 4.
Angelec(£livagi Michael,

424.
Anna terit pelaoo, 41.
Anulos pretiosos, 287.
Aqua Egrana, 535.
Astra regunt homines,

465.

AUREA MEDIOCRITAS, 415.

Aureus e tantis, 106.

AVETE AMICI, 37.

Bis septem prebendas, 215.
Boiorum duci vita, 295.
Brabantini viderunt ele-

phantem, 91.
Breves sunt dies, 216.

BULLiE SUBSIDUNT, 2a

C. CuCULUM VIXI, 12.
CaNISA JOSEPHO Ungarj/e,

156.

Carolus est intus, 234.

CaROLUS SECUNDUS REDUX,

30.

Celsa pales surgit, 123.
Christus dux, Prefacty and

187.

Chronologia sacra ex-

CERPTA, 285.
ClRCULI O imperii, 297.

Claude portam, 205.
Conculcant furi/b cru-

cem, 257.
conjugium votis, 289.

CONNUBIUM FELIX, 289.

Cras cane terribilis, 97.
Cur sibi sub terris, 119.

De Sales sales orbisj 296.

DiLUCULUM, 288, 283.

Divus Michael, 103.

DORMIO ET UT SPERO, 6.
DULCE EST FRATRES, 15a
DUM TERITUR COS, 43.

ECCE FLORENT VALLES, 29 1.

ECCE PARTICULAM CROCIS,
258.

Echo in medicina, 286.

EfFUSUS CRATER, 223.
ESTOTE FACTORES VERBI, 64.
ESTOTE PARATI, 38 1.
Ex VISCERIBUS MEIS, 217-
Ex VOTO HUNGARIANO, ISS-
EXITIUM TURCIS ANNOTAT,

155.
EXORIENS DELPHIN, 202.
EXUVIAS SUAS, 5.

FiLlUS ANTE DIEM, 233-

For many a long year, 8.
Francia cum Bslgis, 94-
Francis Goldsmith, 9*

Gallica nimpha, 21.
Gloria laus Deo, 10.
Gloria patri, 178.
God is our refuge, la

Haceldama, ioi.
Here learn to die, 2.
Heu spes regni, 102.

INITIAL WORDS OF SOME CHRONOGRAMS,

569

Hic via EST CiCSAR, 133.

HODIE MIHI CRAS TIBI, 53I.
Hue TENDIMUS, 156.

In hoc loco, 214.
insigne decus principum,
66.

{ACOBUS III., S8.
ames by the grace of
God, 21.
Judicium, 532.

Kralowna angelska, 248.

Laternas donat, 132.

LAUREA quid SOPHIiE, 97.
LiLICIDIUM, 40, 288.

Lord have mercy, 31.
ludovicus magnus, 202.

Lux DUCUM, 205.

luxit ut o luctus, 1 1 7.

Magnus Pan ducit, 7.
Mars pereat, 530.
Medici veri, 289.
Medicina corporis, 286.
Miraculoso Deo, 100

MiSERICORDIA, 535.

Mundi ocellus, 400.
My day closed, 9.

Napoleo I., Alexander

I.y 204*

Neptuno id frenum, 103.

NOBILE par FRATRUM, IO4.

NoBiLis est consors, 18.

NOLITE FIERI SICUT EQUUS,
376.

Non dormitasti, 99.
non temere fallitur, 97.

Now YOU MAY SIGN, II.
NOX SILET IN NOCTU, 254.

Nunc B5T BiBENDUM, 116.

Nunc obiit, 2.
Nunc tempus tacendi,
400.

OCCIDEBANT GLORIOSE, 21$.
OCCIDIT AC SUPEREST, II 5.

Octobris die vicesima, 79.
Omnia cadunt, 56.
Omnibus acceptus, 123.
Oriza est Tiguro, 217.
Ortus et occasus, 370.
ostende nobis pacem,

96.

Paradisum aspiciens, 7.
Pax Christe, 33.
Pax tibi rex, 20.
Per iBVA LONGA ruinata,
8.

PeRFIDA cede TRIAS, 165.
PlI REGES, 4.

Princeps poetarum de-

CESSIT, 373.

Propugnaculum patri^,
103.

QuALis homotu nunc, 2 1 6,

370.

quarta dies aprilis, 2 1 6.
Quinta Novembris erat,

19, 25-

Regis cum populo, 103,
Requies post tot discri-

MINA, 97.

Resurgent ex isto, 5.
Rex non f^t hic, 55.
Rex papa Turca, 113.
Rex PIUS atque, 23.

Salve rex civilis, 211.
Saul Saul, 534.

SCHOLiE ECCLESIiG, 8.

Scotigenas Anglis, 1 8.

SCRIPSERAT OrTELIUS, 372.

Si jubet Anna, 107.
Si tibi NEC viTiB, 234.
Sic bene Wilhelmus, 127.
Sic fines nostros, 103.
Sonat hora« 7.
Spiritus erupto, 4.
Stat Bacchi renovata,

212.
Stosselius dubitat, 381.
Stultum est, 205,

Tecta draco, 4.
Ter deno Jani, 24.
The last night, 9.

TOLLE TOLLE CRUCIFIGE,

195-

TURCICIDIUM, 288, 282.

I Ut Phcenix, 55.

' Utere medicina, 229.

Vi« ATQUE V^ tibi, 534.
ViC MIHI NISI, 292.

Variantibus flosculis,

217.
Venit rexit obit, 1 14.
Venit Vicit abut, 96.
Vi, Vivi, etc., 36.

ViDEBUNT in QUEM, 221.
ViR PIUS ET PATIENS, 535.
ViR PROBUS AC SAPIENS,

465.

ViR ZELOSUS, 215.

Virgo legit spicas, 95.
' Vita brevis, 66, 68,

ViVAT VIVAT 10 VIVAT, I42.

Vive in Christo, 68.
vix venit vidit vicit, 4oo.
Vox clamantis, 86, 182,

254.

When found make a

NOTE, II.

4 c

ffiiiMiiiiMiia^^

3 2044 038 434 643

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