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4»
Harvard College
Library
FROM THE FUND OF
HARRIET J. G. DENNY
OF BOSTON
tf.jMMMM
MMMHM*
CHRONOGRAMS CONTINUED
AND CONCLUDED.
Charles VI Emperor of Germany, and his infant son Leopold.
See page 183.
o
1°
1
CHRONOGRAMS
CONTINUED
and concluded
ft
more than 5000 in number
a Supplement- Volume to
'CHRONOGRAMS'
^jt) published in the year 1882
By JAMES HILTON, RS.A.
eCCe LeCtor beneVoLe
toMVs aLter
opVs sICVt potVI perfeCI
patroCInIo preCor faVe.
44444444*4*4*44**4****************************
LONDON : ELLIOT STOCK, Paternoster Row.
^1885.
fefeyfcjfeMfefeHMi^
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gSgjSKCTj^^Ks^s^KKKKB^K
s??????i
JUL 301886
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ,,
ANOTHER
QVlTE NEW BOOK
OF
rIght eXCeLLent
ChronograMs
IssVeD
BY
I. HILTON, F.S.A.
§
8:
•vvvvvvvyvvvvvvvvvvi
HEN the former volume of this work was published
(in the year 1882), it was thought that the subject
of chronograms was practically exhausted ; con-
tinued research, however, has proved otherwise, by
bringing to light much interesting material which
was previously hidden, and even unknown to the
modern bibliophile. It may now be said with confidence that the
present volume and its predecessor form a collection in its way
unique, but complete so far only as regards my own contribution to
the indication of this by-path of literature, which remains open to
others who may have time and inclination to pursue it. The experi-
ence of past research plainly teaches that more chronograms remain
to be discovered. The way to many of them is indicated in the chapter
on ' Books not accessible ' in the later pages of this volume, while it is
k » '
vi PREFACE.
certain that careful observers who may wander among the libraries
and buildings of Continental towns and rural districts, will be in the
way of commencing a new collection, by securing many yet unpub-
lished chronograms. My own experience, on but one occasion, is
related for an example, in a chapter at page 37, infra.
The present volume is devoted principally to the literature of
chronograms, and introduces the reader to many choice works not
noticed by bibliographers ; it shows generally that the art of compos-
ing chronograms attained its greatest development in the Flemish
provinces and in the central part of Germany, extending also into
Austria, Bohemia, and Hungary. As to other countries, Portugal is
represented by one remarkable example, ' The Rosary/ and it may
be assumed* that this work is not a solitary production. France
contributes comparatively few examples, and they apparently came
through Flemish or Burgundian channels. Italy seems never to have
produced or cultivated chronograms. England is imitative rather
than original in following the art once so popular on the Continent
Of Spain, and other countries not specially mentioned, I have met
with no chronogrammatic literature ; that field is yet to be explored.
Investigation has led to no fresh knowledge on the antiquity of
chronograms. In my former volume, at page 536, 1 give one in the
Hebrew language of the year 1208, the earliest of any that I have
yet encountered. There are questionable examples in Latin of the
year 12 10 (at page 571, infra) and of the year 1382 (at page 12 of
Chronograms), but it is not until about the middle of the fifteenth
century that we can feel safe in accepting any as genuine. Indeed,
none can be taken as contemporaneous with the event, without some
sort of evidence as to when they were first written or printed ; a great
many were composed long afterwards ; for instance, there is a book
mentioned at page 449 of my former volume, containing a series of
chronogram dates, from the creation of the world down to 4028
of that era (all in Latin !), but made about A.D. 1 594 ; others are
K
I
PREFACE. vii
specified at page 547, ibid.; one, for instance, of the dates 1004-
1012 composed as late as 1612. A genuine manuscript, or an early
printed book, is good evidence of its own antiquity, but it cannot
determine that of any chronograms it may contain ; all early ones
are otherwise questionable.
Anagrams and acrostics are found to be intimately associated
with chronograms, as may be seen in the chapters on the ' Angelic
Salutation,' the AVE MARIA, and that remarkable Portuguese work,
1 The Rosary,' already mentioned ; the chapter on the application
of chronogram numerals to the interpretation of the mystic number
666 brings together much curious illustrative matter; the chapter
on Hebrew chronograms (at page 599, infra) presents a notable
instance of the attempted use of the acrostic equally to support and
contradict a particular interpretation. All these instances point
to one result, namely, the insufficiency of the methods when used in
controversy ; at the same time they form a curious appendage to
the study of chronogrammatic literature.
The extent to which the number 666 has been trifled with in
chronogram may be seen also in the chapter devoted to a descrip*
tion of the works of that eccentric German writer Johannes Praetorius,
commencing at page 465, infra.
A glance at the table of ' Contents ' will afford some insight into
the exceedingly varied application of chronograms.
It remains for me now to draw attention to the curious fact,
that chronograms have been composed at great length by blind
authors. This is evidenced by two instances mentioned in the
present volume. . Bishop Sporck, whose works are mentioned at page
427, infra, was blind for many of his latter years, during which he
lived in retirement at Prague, where he died in January 1759; his
chronograms are of the date 1754, and he is believed to have com-
posed them as a pastime in the period of his blindness. The works
of Joannes Bapt. Agnensis, described at pp. 483-495, were certainly
viii PREFACE.
so composed, for he laments his calamity of blindness in pathetic
words, which must excite the sympathy of all who read them, at
page 483, infra. He is there said to have composed his work
through the power of memory alone; it certainly was a great
achievement to master the composition of chronograms, anagrams,
and acrostics, unaided by eyesight.
The expression of dates in a kind of doggerel Latin verse, which
was in use during a long period concurrently with chronograms, is
the subject of a chapter at the end of this volume.
I am much indebted to the Rev. Walter Begley for the loan of
many a rare 'old book/ not otherwise accessible to me, from his
library, as well as for information where others could be found, which
have added greatly to the varied contents of this volume, and, as I
hope, have increased its literary value. I am thankful also to Mr.
Wilshere for the chronograms on my title-page and colophon, and
for his other contributions, which the reader will find by consulting
the index.
It is not possible to reproduce chronograms here in the varied
and charming forms of the old type, as they appear in the original
books. I have consequently printed them, as in the former volume,
in type of uniform character. The illustrations consist of facsimile
copies of engraved frontispieces, title-pages, portraits, and devices,
belonging to ' old books/ selected to illustrate the special applications
of chronograms. Some are exceedingly curious. The head and tail
I = 1
V,U= 5
X = -10
L = 50
C = 100
D s 500
M =1000
pieces throughout this volume are selected from old
examples, many of them having been reproduced ex-
pressly for the occasion. The Roman numeral letters
used in the composition of chronograms are only those
which count up to 1000 (as in the margin) ; the charac-
ters for the higher numerals are not required for this ,
purpose. The other old Latin alphabetical numerals, which are
used in ' Cabala/ may be seen at page 289 (and at other pages by
PREFACE. ix
consulting index) ; they come from still older alphabets. The Greek
numeral letters may be seen at page 321, and the Hebrew at page
594, all in this volume.
The number of separate books and tracts from which the contents
of this volume are derived is about 240 ; and the chronograms now
brought into notice by my two volumes may be thus summed up —
The former volume contains 5,147
And the further number referred to, but not transcribed
from the books therein quoted, 5,614
The present volume contains 5,378
And the further number referred to in books herein quoted, 4,898
21,037
The chapter on books not generally accessible affords some clue
to many hundreds, while judicious imagination may estimate the
possible existence of thousands that are in store, to reward the
labour of future research. t j^
60 Montagu Square, London,
February 1885.
I
CONTENTS.
Chronograms in and concerning England. Epitaphs — Inscriptions — The
hollow tree at Hampstead— Oxford and Cambridge University
Gratulations, etc. — Charles I., verses, etc. — Cromwell— William in.
and Mary II., . . . . i
John Pell, Cromwell's agent in Switzerland, . .... 32
A journey in Germany in search of Chronograms, ... 37
Local Chronograms, in Germany, Netherlands, etc., ... 52
Governors of the Netherlands. Albert and Isabella— Ferdinand— Leopold
William — Maria Antonia — Charles Alexander— Maria and Albert, 64
Flemish Bishops and Church Dignitaries. Mechlin — Louvain — Ghent-
Antwerp — Liege, ........ 88
Miscellaneous Gratulations, etc., concerning Flanders and Holland. The
poems of Canisius — Grammont Monastery — Charles Alexander and
the Louvain Canal — Mr. Bex — Siege of Valenciennes— The Sacra-
ment Robbery — Lessus Gal licus— Philip the Handsome— Charles,
Prince of Orange, . . . .104
Various Chronicles. The Belgian Chronicle— The Saxon Chronicle— The
Bohemian — The A. B. C. Chronicle, . . . . .121
Emperors of Germany. Leopold 1.— Joseph 1. — Charles vi. — Leopold, son
of Charles vi., ........ 162
German Dukes and Landgraves. Ferdinand of Bavaria — Augustus ©f
Brunswick— Augustus William of Brunswick — Carl Theodor — Ludwig
of Hesse — George n. of Hesse— William n. of Hesse, 206
German Bishops. Clement Augustus of Cologne, etc.— Paderborn— Joseph
Clement of Cologne, etc. — Wolfgang of Olmutz— John Theodore of
Freising, etc. — Gebhardt of Cologne — Francis Arnold of Munster—
Diocese of Mayence, 230
Diocese and Bishops of Wurzburg and Bamberg. Chronicles by Ignacius
Gropp — Bishop Frederick — Ebrach Monastery— Bishop Julius —
Xll
CONTENTS.
Bishop Johannes Godefridus — Bishop Peter Philip— Various epitaphs
— The Emperor Joseph I. — Bishop John Philip Francis— Prince
Wenceslaus — The Devil and his mother — Bishop Christopher Francis
— Curious dialogue — Bishop Frederic Charles,
John, Bishop of Cracow, an applauding poem, by M. Glosowicz,
German monasteries. Amorbach — Berg — Ober-alt-Aich, .
German and other Universities. Wiirzburg, Domus sapientiae, Corollas
Majales, Novus annus, Olympias olim in Graecia — Mayence Univer-
sity, aula honoris — Altorf University — Witteberg — Halle — Dantzig —
Basle — Votum Chronologicum — Giessen, and George n. of Hesse —
Leipzig — Utrecht,. .......
Some distinguished persons, .......
Nuptial Verses, Funeral Orations, and Complimentary Poems. Palma
aetatis quaternae — A long acrostic — A Dutch jocose poem — A Dutch
congratulation, ........
Miscellaneous Chronograms concerning European wars. Siege of Vienna,
and complimentary verses to all the military leaders, and vituperative
chronograms on the enemy — City of Vienna and its improvements—
Thirty Years' War — Temesvar in Hungary— Expenses of the war —
The Spanish Succession War, ......
Poland. Apollo Heroicus et Lyricus. Applause and gratulation on the
peace of 1660, ......
A Calendar of 1726, by Michael Winepaher,
Bishop Sporck's work, Cancer Chronographice incedens, .
The Rosary, Jardim anagrammatico de divinas flores Lusitanas,
Saint Carlo Borromeo, history in chronogram,
The works of Joannes Praetorius. Anthropodemus Plutonicus — Ludicrum
chiromanticum — Bellerophon vulnerandorum — Alectryomantia—
Satyrus etymologicus, Riibenzahl — Gazophulaci gaudium,
The Angelic Salutation, etc., Militia Immaculatae Conceptionis — Acrostica
chronica, sive Litania Chronogrammatica— Apollinis spiritualis ora-
culum, by J. Pochet, . .
The works of Jacobus Pochetius, or Pochet. Apollo Spiritualis, etc., -
Events in the sixteenth century. Seculum vertens, by Johannes Avianius,
Some Netherlands affairs. Count de Daun, governor — Funeral Orations —
Creusen, Bishop of Malines — Crux Chronographica — Louvain and
Malines Canal — The Silver Spade— Various Dutch Chronograms-
Leopold 11. and the peace of 1790 — Epigrams by Vrientius — Saint
Rumold of Mechlin— Broadsheets — A Brussels Jubilee,
The Frankfort Chronicle of H. L. Lersner, .....
271
301
306
317
343
356
376
399
410
427
442
457
465
482
505
512
526
544
CONTENTS.
xni
Some curious books. The Discalceate Trinitarians — The Jansenists— Le
Mystere de la Croix — A Renunciation, .
Some other books containing chronograms. Astraea Judex — DacherSden—
Long words— The Order of the Garter — On dice and gaming— On
jubilations— Maria Virgo solis— A B C Poems— Theatrum Stultorum—
Daniel Schwenter — Frederick Augustus of Poland — Funeral Elegies—
Bohemian Artists — Various Chronograms, .
Some more Flemish Bishops and Church Events. Bishop van Gameren —
Bishop Wellens — Bishop Spinosa — Abbot Macarius Simeomo — The
thirty-six saints1 festival, .
Some Recent Chronograms in England,
Notes on Books not accessible,
Hebrew Chronograms,
The number 666,
Dates quaintly expressed in Latin verse,
Index, .....
Colophon chronogram,
547
554
572
585
589
593
601
612
623
632
ILLUSTRATIONS.
x Charles vi. and his infant son Leopold, .
Time writing Chronograms,
^ German Post- Office Couriers,
N The Emperor Leopold I. and his wife Margaret,
,/ Sol Oriens, Maximilian-Emmanuel,
j Duke of Hesse, funeral emblems and inscription,
• Silver altar-piece at Wurzburg, with Chronograms,
v Chronogram in a. circle (a facsimile),
V Portrait of a Persian Ambassador, with Chronogram,
A title-page to ' Palma aetatis ' (a facsimile),
y/ Emblematical title-page to views in Vienna,
A title-page to i Magna et usque ' (a facsimile), .
A title-page to ' Vere et insignis ' (an imitation), .
A title-page to ' Cancer Chronographice ' (an imitation),
« The Silver Spade. 2 Plates,
\fthe Belgian Peace Congress of 179 1,
Crux Chronographica (an imitation),
Astraea Judex, facsimile of a page of print,
\J Portrait of Bishop Gameren, with Chronogram, .
Head and Tail Pieces from Antique Originals, .
Frontispiece
Preface
to face page 182
„ 164
„ 206
226
„ 274
337
to face page 350
367
to face page 392
411,
419
430
at page 530
to face page 534
529
555
to face page 572
passim
ENGLAND.
fT the commencement of a book, it is held to be
good policy to engage the reader's attention by
an attractive sentence, in order to gain his favour-
able perusal of every page which is to follow, even
though that sentence be a voluntary tribute from
an independent writer. My previous work on
'Chronograms' published in 1882, was noticed
in several reviews, and among them the following appeared in the
quarterly periodical The Reliquary for October of that year : —
* We strongly recommend our readers to at once order this book
and to write within it ' —
thIs booke of ChronograMs.
WIth sharpest Learning fraVght,
thIs bVrIeD year of eLLIot stoCk
I boVght.
Another reviewer in Notes and Queries concluded his remarks at
the date 24th February 1883 with these words —
fareVVeLL hILton, ) =
May yoV fLoVrIsh eXCeeDIngLy. J
An appreciative reader having had a loan of the book, returned it
to his friend with a note, of which this is an exact copy ; the names
are genuine —
thank yoV Mr. gooDen
for the Loan
of
thIs reaLLy CLeVer
BOOK.
f. W. pIXLey.
1882.
A
1882
1883
1882
v 1
1
2 ENGLAND.
Here are three chronograms, and good ones, because they fulfil the
leading condition in the composition of chronograms, that of counting
every letter that can be used as a numeral, and because they express a
meaning appropriate to the subject and agreeable to the author of the
book.
And here I take the opportunity of informing all readers of this
present volume, that it is needful, and unavoidably so, to make
frequent reference to the previous work, when the subject under
notice will derive elucidation from a comparison of the two works.
Very few chronograms are to be found in English churches ; further
research has brought into notice only the five which follow: the
county of Devon has afforded the greatest number of examples.
In the church of Membury in Devonshire, there was a hatchment
on which was depicted the arms, Argent a saltire engrailed between
four roses gules leafed vert ; and beneath it, ' In memoriam Dominae
Annae uxoris Johannis Fry de Yearty Devoniensis armig: quae unica
fuit filia Roberti Naper de Puncknole Dorcestriensis armig: Obiit 25
die Martii, Anno Dom: 1683, aetat: 39.
Chron :
CceLVM VXorI pLb DeVs paraVIt. = 1683
Hie Annae corpus dilectae conditur Vrna\
Quae vivens laeta prole beata fuit,
Felices paucas natura ac nomine cernes,
Anna fuit nomen, Gratia signet idem.'
The memorial is to Ann, the wife of John Fry, Esq. of Yearty. The
chronogram and verses may be translated thus : — God hath prepared
heaven for this pious wife. In this tomb is hidden the body of the beloved
Anna, who, whilst living, was blessed with joyful offspring. You may
discern but few things auspicious both by nature and name. Anna was
the name, let Grace mark the same I
■
In the church of Faringdon in Devonshire, on a flat stone in the
floor. (Observe the pun conveyed by the last word of the chrono-
gram.) ' Here lye the bodies of William Bone, Gent: and Grace his
wife deceased Oct: 6th 1658, Feb: 18th 1653.
a Labore et MaLIs \ = 6 g
DeLIberantVr bonI. J 5
The broken bones that here lie scattered, shall
Unite and grow more strong when God doth calL*
In Shillingford church, Devonshire, a gravestone is inscribed,
'Here lyeth the body of John Bowridge, spnne of Mr. Thomas
Bowridge of this city (*.*. Exeter), marchant, whoe dyed ye 29th daye
of June anno dm: 1648 jETAtis sua
Iohannes boWreDge MortWs reVIXVrVs. = 1648
festo d1vi petri, mdcxlviii.'
i.e. Bowridge is dead, on the feast of St. Peter 1648, but to live again in
Christ.
ENGLAND. 3
See Polwhele's History of Devon, p. 116: 'As there is.no age
mentioned, I conjecture that the three i's with the points over them
point out the age, and that all this chronographic stuff is about a child
iii years old.'
In Wolborough church, Devon, the monument of Sir Richard
Reynel and Lady Lucy is described in Polwhele's History, iii 488.
The inscription is long, and contains some elaborate rhyming and
acrostic verses, accompanied by this chronogram —
for the reLIgeoVs LaDy LVCy (onLy VVIfe of ye WIse sIr
rICh: reyneL knIght) Who Left earth on yb resVreCtIon
Day. apl. 18. 1652. = 1652
The verses commence thus —
Friend you that read our Names that counsell take
Wch wee being dead our living Names doe speake.
Richard Lucie Reynell
Care lern live dye rich.
(This is intended for an anagram, but it is imperfect as to one letter
in each line.)
At Hinton church, Gloucestershire, four of the bells are in-
scribed—
Me renoVaVIt gV: CLark IVssVbVs ) 6
DaVId warrenI et pro VotIs j j 95
/a William Clark made me at t/ie commands and for the promise of
David Warren.
The chronogram is faulty because one letter d is not counted. In
1693 David Warren was lord of the manor. Extracted from the
Transactions of the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society, vol. iv.
series 2. Four similarly inscribed bells are said to be at Newbold
Pavey, Warwickshire.
At Barrow Gurney church, Somersetshire. My friend, Mr. Thomas
Kerslake of Bristol, sends this chronogram, which appeared, on good
authority, in a local newspaper (The Bristol Times and Mirror, 5th
August 1882). It is not in Collinson's topography of the county.
An oval monumental tablet to one of the Gore family is inscribed —
sapIens MorIenDo LVCratVr. = 1662
/.*. A wise man gains by dying.
The tower of Stanford-le-Hope church, in Essex, was pulled down
some years ago, and is now rebuilt ; the Rev. Ernest Geldart of little
Braxted rectory, near Witham, put together these quaint words to
mark the date —
eCCe tVrrIs oLIM strata \
Deo rVrsVs eXornata \ = 1883
resonantI VoCe grata. )
i.e. Behold this tower aforetime laid low.
To God again is well set up,
With joyful tone resounding.
4 ENGLAND.
In the parish church of Widdecombe-in-the-moor, Devonshire,
there is a monument to the memory of Mary Elford, whose maiden
name was Mary Gale. The rhyming inscription is of itself a good
specimen of epitaph used in the seventeenth century, and is especially
curious for containing an anagram on her name, and a chronogram of
the date, which also gives her age, and mentions the cause of her death.
I take it from a book, Things New and Old concerning tlie Parish of
lVidecombe~in-th*moor9 by Robert Dymond, F.S.A., 1876.
To the memorie of Mary the third wife of John Elford
of Shipstor, Esqr., was heer interred Feb. ye 16, A° 1642,
Having issue at a byrth Mary & Sarah.
Wed. poesie.
AS MARYES CHOYCE MADE JOHN REJOYCE below
Soe was her losse his heauie crosse most know
Yet lost she is not sure but found aboue
Death gaue her life t* imbrace A dearer loue
Anagr. < mary elford f < fear my lord. >
Then fear my lord whilst yet yu mou'st on mold
That so those armes that mee may thee infold
Neer twelue moneths day her maridge heer did pass
Her heauenly nuptiall consummated was
She fertile prou'd in soule and bodye both
In life good workes at death she twyns brought forth
And like A fruitful tree with bearing dy'd
Yet Phoenix like for one there two suruiu'd
Which shortly posted their deare mother after
Least sin's contagion their poore soules might slaughter
Then cease your sad laments I am but gone
To reape above what I belowe haue sowne.
A° aetat [ { VIXIt obIIt sVperIs = 25
MarIa gaLe IohanmI eLforD VXor tertIa 1
heV, obIIt eX pVerperIo > < Erectum fuit A° 1650. j s
At page 6 of Chronograms the authority of Notes and Queries
(Series 5, vol. ix. p. 337) is quoted for what I have given there ; but it
is incorrect, my authority omits the word eX, leaving the resulting
date as 1632. The translation is, In the 2$th year of her age she lived
and went above. Mary Gale the third wife to John Elfora\ alas, died
from childbirth^ 1642. [This monument] was erected in 1650.
The parish church at Welwyn, Hertfordshire; shortly after the
completion of the aisle (as mentioned in my book Chronograms,
page 8), Mr. C. W. Wilshere made a generous offer to restore the
whole church, principally at his own expense. The rector and par-
ishioners imprudently, as it was thought, declined the offer, to them
it was non placet, and nothing more was done in the matter. About
1642
ENGLAND. 5
the same time Mr. Wilshere was building a cottage at the roadside
boundary of the Frythe Park, and he placed over the doorway a stone
tablet inscribed with the following chronogram to mark the date of
that building by an allusion to the above-mentioned circumstance —
anno . qVo . >
eCCLesIae . paroChIaLIs .
aMpLIfICatIo . >= 1873
reCtorI . et popVLo .
non . pLaCVIt. j
i.e. (This cottage was built) in the year when the improvement of the
parish church was displeasing to the rector and the people.
The vicar of a parish well known to me (in Bedfordshire) was, in
the year 1883, appointed by the bishop to the office of rural dean.
In order to perform some of the duties thus imposed on him, he
arranged to hold meetings of the clergy three times a year at his own
house, and to offer such hospitality as would support them on their
journey back to their respective homes. The rural dean's son
explained these laudable plans after a manner consistent with his own
youthful proclivities, in these words —
the rVraL Dean Is a Man of great skILL. ) RR
We shaLL noW haVe a feast thrICe a year. / "" 3
The same youthful composer made this on the departure, in 1882,
of the occupants of an old inconvenient house in the city of London,
which was to be pulled down to allow of new ones to be built —
ea DoMVs angVsta et qVoqVe CasVra ) __
nos pLVs abhInC nesCIet. j ""
i.e. The house narrow and about to fall will from henceforth know us no
more.
A broadsheet (British Museum, press-mark 669. f. 17) contains a
well-executed engraving of a celebrated ancient hollow elm-tree
existing at Hampstead in Middlesex in 1653, the year when the
sheet was printed. The engraving is surrounded by sets of verses
accompanied by chronograms, written by various contributors, both
1882
Cornelius Balbus was a citizen of great renown in ancient Rome ;
he built a theatre there and many other structures to embellish the
city ; he did indeed build many a wall. An English clergyman has
the repute of following in some of the ways of Balbus by the erection
of tasteful structures, one of which required a wall for its protection.
His accomplished architect recorded the date by inscribing thereon
these words —
J. e. VaVX )
aLter ILLe baLbVs >= 1884
MVrI a soLo ConDItor. j
i.e. James Edward Faux, that second Balbus, is the builder of the wall
from the foundation (or ground).
P?r?*
6 ENGLAND.
in English and Latin, descriptive and commemorative of the tree. It
is curious that chronograms should be found in a place so unlikely as
a volume of about ninety separate sheets, chiefly political and legis-
lative, from the year 165 1 to 1654; a mere chance brought this
particular one, No. 17, to my notice. The title and some extracts
are as follows —
THE DIMENSION OF THE HOLLOW TREE OF
HAMPSTED. (Sic.)
aLto Deo, hospItI et aMICo. = 1653
for the LorD anD ChrIstIan frIenDs. = 1653
aLto DoMIno aC hospItI. = 1653
Deo ter optIMo aC hospItI LiETO. = 1653
Then follows the representation of the tree in full vigour of growth
and foliage, with a kind of * belvidere' on the summit and several
persons in it. The dimensions are thus given : — ' The bottom above
ground in compass is 28 foote. The breadth of the doore is 2 foote.
The compass of the turret on the top is 34 foote. The doore in
height to goe in is 6 foot 2 inches. The height to the turret is 33
foote. The lights into the tree is 16. The stepps to goe up is 40.
The seat above the stepps, six may sit on, and round about roorae
for fourteene more. All the way you goe up within the hollow tree.1
The verses which immediately follow, ' Upon the Hampsted Elme,'
are figurative and moral, with this concluding couplet —
o LorD ! o ChrIst! keep Me In thy rIght wayI = 1653
to Die to sIn, anD DweLL In LIght for aye ! = 1653
Some Latin verses, the last of the series, conclude with this chrono-
® ... esto saCrata Deo MIrabILIs arbor 1 = 1653
Parvis arrideto. Micans Scintilla fit Ignis.
The last line contains the name of the author of the verses, and of
two other sets, which are respectively signed ' Scintilla.' and ' Sci . . .
Mic . . .' A manuscript note indicates the name as ' Mic : Sparks.'
The date 1653 occurs several times. The imprint is, ' London,
printed by E. Cotes for M. S. at the Blue Bible in Green Arbour,
and are to be given or sold on the Hollow Tree at Hampsted.'
It is mentioned in the Transactions quoted below, that in the
library of the Deanery of Westminster is a contemporary portrait of
Queen Elizabeth. At the right-hand corner is this inscription —
VIVat VInCat regnet
eLIzabetha
ANGLIiE FRANCliE AC HlBERNliE
regIna ^= 1579
fIDeI DefensatrIX,
henrICI 8vi regIs f,
anno regnI sVI XXXVII0.
Nata vi. Eid. Sept A° $ 1533 Grone. I nit. Reg.
The word ' Grone' was probably intended for Greenwich, where
the Queen was born*
ENGLAND. 7
This picture, dated the thirty-seventh year of the Queen's reign,
professedly represented her when approaching the age of sixty, but
the countenance is that of a person of less than half those years. It
has been much repainted.
(Extracted from the Transactions of the London and Middlesex
Archaeological Society, vol. ii. p. 168, for the year 1864.)
As to the chronogram, it makes 1579 ; that year is the twenty-first
of the Queen's reign, showing something wrong in the inscription
itsel£ The thirty-seventh year of her reign is 1595.
Through the kindness and with the personal help of the Dean of
Westminster, I have inspected this picture. The inscription is in the
left-hand upper corner (looking at the picture). It is correctly tran-
scribed as above, except that the letter X in the fifth line has a mark
over it thus X, the meaning of which is not clear ; if it doubles the
numeral it does not rectify the date. The letter f in the next line
stands for 'filia.' There is a strong doubt whether the picture is
contemporary ; it is even thought to be a copy not a hundred years
old Perhaps the painter was ignorant in the matter of chrono-
grams, and did not observe the confusion of dates; or perhaps
the inscription was added by the hand of another person likewise
ignorant
A copy of Morgan's Sphere of Gentry \ folio 1661, belonging to
Mr. Tucker, Somerset Herald, contains a plate of the Royal arms (of
Charles 11.), with this inscription at the foot —
CaroLo DeI gratIa fIDeI DefensorI
anno restavrato. d.d.d.clvuiii. = l66o
The following is from Notes and Queries for 30th December 1882,
page 535 :—
' Mr. Hilton's recent work on chronograms having excited some
interest in this special branch of mental ingenuity, I would venture to
point out that my own name, in Latin form, includes the date of my
birth, thus —
gVILIeLMVs franCIsCVs prIDeaVXIVs. = 1840
Such a coincidence as this must be sufficiently rare as to merit a
corner in Notes and Queries.
Jaipur, Rajputana. W. F. Prideaux.'
The British Museum, 'Add: MS. 18044. f. 79,' contains this chro-
nogram—
MIhI DeVs LVX et saLVs. = 1627
The almanacs published by John Booker, during many years of the
first half of the seventeenth century, commonly bear this title: 'Celestiall
calculations, or an Ephemeris of the motions of the sun, moon, and
planets for the year of man's redemption by Jesus Christ ' [1658} —
And on the last page, ' And till the next yeare farewell. Thine, J. B.'
The title-page concludes occasionally with a chronogram motto of the
8 ENGLAND.
year ; an examination of a series of about thirty years has disclosed
the following : —
VIVo Deo sIt gLorIa, paX In terrIs, et
hoMInIbVs beneVoLentIa. amen. = 1638
VIrtVs DVM patItVr, VInCIt, paX postea regnet. = 1639
aMbVLent angLI DILIgenter. = 1658
There is a large collection of almanacs by Booker and others in
the Lambeth Palace Library, bound up into annual volumes, and so
issued by the Company of Stationers.
A Puritanical tract, * Zion's joy on her king coming to his glory/
By Finiens Canus Vove. Published at the time when some people
believed that the end of the world was at hand. This hexameter
chronogram is on the title-page —
MVnDo In reX ChrIstVs regnabIt VerVs et VnVs. = 1643
i.e. Christ will reign in the world, real and alone.
A broadsheet in the library of the Society of Antiquaries, London,
date 1645, No. 419, commences thus —
Papa Perstrictus. Echo— Ictus.
. . . Inutilis olim. . . . Ridentem reddere.
Ne videar vixisse. Vocem aggredior.
tV ChrIste, tV sis sVpreMVs. DVX In VIIs. = 1645
A poem in Latin verse follows, printed in black and red, showing a
clever play upon the termination of the Latin words by way of Echo,
the echo being printed in red ; signed at the end,
Tuissimus Alexander Ross.
The whole is aimed against the Pope and his arrogance.
About the middle of the seventeenth century a belief prevailed that
some catastrophe would happen, such as the end of the world, the fall
of monarchies, the manifestation of the mystic number 666. The
reader is referred to Chronograms, pp. 221, 222, and to the works of
Johannes Praetorius at a later page in this volume, and other places
further on. The following is from the ' Diaries and Letters of Philip
Henry, M.A., 1631-1696.' Edited by M. H. Lee. London, 1882.
8°:—
At page 193, totVs MVnDVs ConfLagrabIt. = 1666
i.e. The whole world will burn. The chronogram is in his diary for
8th September 1666, and therefore quite contemporary.
The following is at the foot of the title-page of 'Miscellanea
Marescalliana, being genealogical notes of the surname of Marshall,
collected by George William Marshal), LL.D.'
to aLL MarshaLLs aLL oVer the VVorLD ) _
I beqVeath thIs Work gratIs. J "" l8 3
I am glad that the accomplished genealogist has thus dated one of
his recent literary productions. There is no other date on the title-
page.
ENGLAND.
A little book setting forth the praises of a young lady in 1661
(British Museum, press-mark 1418. i. 32), bears the following title : —
' The virgin's pattern : in the Exemplary life, and lamented death of
Mrs. Susanna Perwich, daughter of Robert Perwich, who departed
this life, every way a rarely accomplished virgin, in the flower of her
age, at her father's house in Hackney, near London, in the county
of Middlesex, July 3, 1661. Published at the earnest request of
divers that knew her well, and for the use and benefit of others/ etc.,
1 661. The epistle dedicatory is signed by the author, John Batchiler.
She is described as being exceedingly accomplished at an early age,
very pious, and good. She died at the age of 25 years.
At page 107 there are some acrostics on her name, and at page
109 some verses, with indifferent anagrams on her name for their
subject
Anagram 1.
Susanna Perwich.
Sins wan chear up.
Anagram 2.
Susanna Perwich.
Purchase swan-in.
Susanna Perwiche.
Ah I c heav'n pure sun.
Ah/ 1c see now {late dim half moon)
Bright heaven's pure sun in 'ts glorious noon.
And at page 123 there is this very good example of an English
chronogram —
an eLegIe on that peerLess VIrgIn sVsanna
perWICh, paragon of aLL VertVe, the
fLoVrIshIng gLorv of her seXe,
Who LateLy DeCeaseD.
}■
1661
A chronogram occurs on page 209 of an 8° volume bearing this
title, ' Hrfovxui xptoriavov'; a Christian's acquiescence in all the pro-
ducts of Divine providence.' A sermon at the funeral, in 1674, of
Lady Elizabeth Langham, wife to Sir James Langham, knt. By
Simon Ford, D.D. Printed at London, 1665. At the latter part of
the book there are several sets of verses, epitaph, etc., by various
writers. At the head of an epigram of sixteen lines is this ' Chrono-
gramma —
eLIsabetha LanghaM nobIsabLata Deo VIVIt. = 1664
i.e. Elisabeth Langham, taken from us, lives with God.
There is a copy of the work in the Bodleian and British Museum
Libraries.
The following has been sent to me by Mr. G. Parker of the
Bodleian Library. The lines are a curious mixture of chronogram
B
io ENGLAND.
and enigma. The chronogram, however, is bad, because four of the
letters being numerals are not counted, a fault not unfrequent in
English examples. The extract, as follows, is from 'ms. RawL
Letters, i. fol. 104.' 'From a letter of John Anstis to Thomas
Hearne, dated Putney, 7 January 172^.' « If I am not mistaken, the
Harley Library ascribes a book in prose to Elmham, possibly a copy
of what I sent you ; but there is his History of Henry v. in the
Cotton Library — Jul. E. 4 — in verse, which you will find trouble to
explain. I give you an instance upon the treason of the Duke of York,
Henry Lord Scrope, and Thomas Greye, detected at Portsmouth —
(a) SCrVtVs Conspirat RiMatVr OLkuCia PLebi
lb) Rumpe Jugo COR Aiens Res Dabit Ultra Sonum,
lc) EJA Ruit GenS Avita Malis Opus Hoste Triumphat, etc
(a) The initial letters of the words in this verse make scrop, and the
numerals are CWCMVLCL. 1415. M CCC LL VVV.
(b) The initial letters of the first words are Richard, and Zorc (for
York frequently) by changing the letters in COR, and adding the
Jugum, that is Z.1
\c) The great initial letters, and other great letters in this verse set
together and read backwards make Thomas Graie.'
[Instead of adding to these explanations of the riddle, I append a
passage from English history. Henry v., who began his reign in 14 12,
finding that the affairs of France were in great confusion, made exor-
bitant demands of concessions, and certain conditions were offered to
him by France which he rejected At the same time he was making
preparations for war with that country, and assembled his forces at
the seaside for embarkation. The history of the year 141 5 then pro-
ceeds. ' But while Henry was meditating conquest upon his neigh-
bours, he unexpectedly found himself in danger from a conspiracy at
home, which was happily detected in its infancy. The Earl of Cam-
bridge, second son of the late Duke of York, having espoused the
sister of the Earl of Marche, had zealously embraced the interests of
that family, and had held some conferences with Lord Scrope of
Masham, and Sir Thomas Grey of Heton, about the means of recover-
ing to that nobleman his right to the crown of England. The con-
spirators, as soon as detected, acknowledged their guilt to the king,
and Henry proceeded without delay to their trial and condemnation.
The utmost that could be expected of the best king in those ages was
that he would so far observe the essentials of justice as not to make
an innocent person a victim to his severity ; but as to the formalities
of the law, which are often as material as the essentials themselves,
they were sacrificed without scruple to the least interest or conveni-
ence. A jury of commoners was summoned ; the three conspirators
1 Thus, the initials of the words are RICARDUS. Then change the second initial J
into Z, and change the place of the C, we get ZORC as it was • frequently written,' making
Ricardus York. The letter Z is called the 'Jugum ' by etymologists. Consult a modern
Latin dictionary.
ENGLAND. 11
were indicted before them ; the Constable of Southampton Castle
swore that they had separately confessed their guilt to him ; without
other evidence Sir Thomas Grey was condemned and executed ; but
as the Earl of Cambridge and Lord Scrope pleaded the privilege of
their peerage, Henry thought proper to summon a court of eighteen
barons, in which the Duke of Clarence presided. The evidence given
before the jury was read to them. The prisoners, though one of them
was a prince of the blood, were not examined nor produced in
Court, nor heard in their own defence, but received sentence of death
upon this proof, which was every way irregular and unsatisfactory, and
the sentence was soon after executed. The Earl of Marche was
accused of having given his approbation to the conspiracy, and
received a general pardon from the king. He was probably either
innocent of the crime imputed to him, or had made reparation by his
early repentance and discovery.,]
A Welsh Chronogram.
There are a great many editions in several languages of the ' Prac-
tise of Piety/ by Bishop Lewis Bayly. A copy in the British Museum,
in the Welsh language (press-mark 875. c. 74), to which the date
'1700?' is assigned, has this title, Yr Ymarier o Dduioldeb yn
cyfarwyddo dyn i rodio fel y rhyngo ef Fodd Duw. The last few
pages have been cropped by the binder, that one which would other-
wise be numbered 343 has, among some verses, this
Chronogramma.
arfer DUwIoLDeb a LafUrIaIs I, yn oeD IesIJ. = 1620
Neu 1620.
This is the only chronogram in the Welsh language that I have
met with. (See Bibliographer for Dec. 1883, No. 25, vol. v. p. 6.)
%SL«wB|<»3K**|^L»wfiLi»jBK*%jK»»jK
A small manuscript book in the British Museum (press-mark Ad.
mss. 15227.), labelled on the back * Miscell: Poems xvii. Cent: '
was probably the pocket companion of a wit of the period. It is
written in a small, very neat, but occasionally very cramped hand, and
the ink has become pale. It contains poetry, verses, epitaphs, epi-
grams, and jocose rhymes in English and Latin, with anagrams and
some chronograms. In my book Chronograms^ published in 1882,
at page 17, there are some on the Kings of England; the same are
written in the little book now being noticed, and these additional ones
on leaf 38, in very faded ink.
Chronogrammata.
1 In Henricum principem.'
(On the death of the Prince of Wales, Henry Frederick, the son of
James 1., on 6th November 161 2.)
Is prIor DVCVM. = 1612
ante-ChrIstVs DeMorItVr. = 161 2
MeLLeVs VerIs aDonIs. = 16 12
12 ENGLAND.
In Jacobum.
MorIbVs pIIs spLenDor aVL^. Afto . Dni 1602
Reg. n
In medicum morientem. — L?
heV MeDICVs fe VItA eXIIs = 1629
TERRESTRE NVPER eXVIt = 21
onVs. = s
The first set of the above chronograms relates to the Prince of
Wales, who died at the early age of 19. The allusion of the second
is obscure ; it may relate to James 1. The third tells us, I suppose,
that the physician died on the 21st of May 1629. None of them
deserve commendation, quite the contrary; but I desire to rescue
all from oblivion by placing them here.
In the same little book I find the following on leaf 41. The
chronogram is noticed in my book Chronograms, page 20. George
Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, the intimate friend of King Charles 1.,
was murdered at Portsmouth by Felton, 23d August 1628. I have
never met with the verses in print1 The writing is scarcely legible
in some places. The intial letters of the lines make the date 1628
in Roman numerals.
georgIVs DVX bVCkInghaMIa. = 1628
Malignant characters that did portend
Duke-murthering Fate & his untimely end,
Constraint to die, that would have hVd & fought
Xantippus like, but that fell Felton brought
Vncertaine projects to a certaine end.
Vaine are designes, where one doth of his friend,
Vsurpe too much, him fors doe countermine
In breife the world applaudes this last design e
It was his death, but now hee 's dead~& gone
111 having heard of many,/*// but one.
(Observe the play on the name Felton in the fourth and last lines.)
The death, by fever, of a most honest apothecary at Hadleigh, in
Essex, Edward Gale, is thus recorded on leaf 63 —
In obitum integerrimi Pharmacopolae
Hadleiensis, Edvardi Gale febre
extincti Carmen.
Chronogram: Ano: 1630
pharMaCIs VtI DeVs InIVnXIt. = 1630
An elegy follows, in twenty-two hexameter and pentameter lines.
1 Since writing this, the lines have been included in an exceedingly interesting ard
curious work, p. 182 of ' Humour, Wit, and Satire of the Seventeenth Century, collected
and illustrated by John Ashton.' London, 1883. We differ slightly in deciphering some
of the words.
ENGLAND.
13
A volume of ' Poemata varia* of the Universities of Oxford
and Cambridge (British Museum, press-mark 1213. 1. 9.) contains
fifteen tracts, only two of which afford any chronograms. Tract 6,
1 Bodleiomnema,' Oxford, 161 3, contains poems to the memory of
Thomas Bodley, the founder of the library, etc. The chronograms
therein are to be seen in my book Chronograms, p. 33, extracted
from a tract bearing a different title. One other tract, No. 7, with
chronograms, is entitled * Epithalamia, sive Lusus Palatini/ etc. —
(on the marriage of Prince Frederic, Count Palatine, and Elizabeth,
daughter of James 1., King of England), Oxford, 1613— by members
of the University of Oxford.
On sheet c 3, at the conclusion of some verses —
par InsIgne DVCVM te gratA sorte beare = 161 2
annos oro DeVs ChrIste per InnVMeros. = 1612
Joh: Glanville, h Coll: Bal: Sac: Theol: Bac:
In sheet n. In nuptias Frederici et Elizabethae chronogramma —
hIC CLarVs CLarje CoMes est paLatInVs ELIZ&, = 16 13
Millenus, sexcentus, decimo date trinum,
Aureus est annus, compensans damna prioris, etc. etc.
Sam: Randall. Coll: Exon:
On sheet p 2 there is a cento in Greek, of two pages, it is chrono-
grammatic, the totals of each verse are put in figures, right and left in
the margins.
A tract of poems by members of Exeter College, Oxford (British
Museum, press-mark 1 1,408. aaa.), on the death of Lord Petre of
Writtle, in the county of Essex. He was the son of Sir William
Petre, Knight, who filled many important offices in the reign of
Henry vn., Edward vi., and Queen Mary, to whom he was principal
Secretary of State. He obtained large grants of the dissolved
monasteries, by which he accumulated a vast estate. His son, Sir
John Petre, was created Lord Petre on 21st July 1603, and he is the
subject of the poems ' In obitum illustrissimi viri D. Johannis Petrei
Baronis de Writtle/ etc., Oxford, 161 3, 40 pp. 48.
At p. 43 is this, the only chronogram —
DoMInVs Iohannes PETRiBVs baro CessIt. = 16 13
i.e. Lord John, Baron Petre, died 16 13.
THE Universities of Oxford and Cambridge showed their loyalty
towards the House of Stuart by the publication of tracts and
volumes, mostly in Latin, of poetical addresses and congratulations to
King James the First and his successors, upon events in their career,
marriages, the birth of children or lamentations on their death, their
return from journeys to visit Scotland, and the like. These composi-
tions were by members of the various colleges, and extended from
mere couplets to two or three or more pages of print There is an
H ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS.
extensive collection of them in the library of the British Museum, as
well as in the universities themselves, bound up indiscriminately in
volumes or in single tracts, according to the tastes or opportunities of
collectors, and although my references are to volumes in the British
Museum, it is certain that copies of individual tracts are to be found
elsewhere. The compositions are in many respects curious for
features external to my subject, but what immediately concerns us
now is the example they afford of the limited extent of chronogram-
making in this country at the time when scholars on the Continent
were much devoted to the art, and carried it to such a state of excel-
lence as was never reached in the universities or elsewhere in England.
Our scholars seem never to have developed the art further than is
shown by these tracts, no efforts at chronogram extend beyond single
lines or couplets; the volumes now under notice contain many
hundreds of poems, with the names of the writers appended ; the
proportion of chronograms is but small, yet enough to show that they
must have been pretty generally known and appreciated at our centres
of learning.
These circumstances bring us to recognise a large amount of
poetical industry, combined with a limited amount of chronogram-
making ; whether this was for lack of taste or want of time for the
purpose, I cannot say, but such is the fact, the opposite of what is
found in similar works of Continental scholars of the seventeenth or
eighteenth centuries.
Verses on the death of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, son of
King James i., who died on the 6th November 1612, at the age of
eighteen or in his nineteenth year. A volume of tracts (British
Museum, press-mark 1213. 1. 13. 1-6). Tract t, ' Epicedium Canta-
brigiense in obitum immaturum semperque deflendum Uenrici illus-
trissimi principis Walliae.' Cambridge, 161 2, 40. pp. 112. At page 43
is the following chronogram —
nonVs InIt MensIs: LVX seXta: ter Ibat et astas ) _
seXennIs, CaroLo, henrICI LVX aCta, refeCta. J ~"
At page 52 there is a 'cento1 composed from Virgil, concluding
with ' Chronogramma in ann: Christ: quo mortuus est Pr: Henr:
qVIs taLIa fanDo ) 6
teMperet A fLetV?1 j "~ l012
Non ego, Guil: Bouswel. Art. m. Cant: Jesuanus.'
ie. Who, in the telling of such woes, can refrain from tears ?
I cannot, Wiliam Bouswel of Jesus College, Cambridge.
Tract 4. 'Justa Oxoniensium, 2 Reg: 3. 38.2 Num ignoratis
quoniam princeps et Maximus cecidit hodie in Israel ? — Londini, 161 2.
1 These exact words are from Virgil, JEn. ii. lines 6 and 8. They constitute a remark-
able example of quoted words appropriate to the required chronogram.
8 Or according to the English version, 2 Samuel iii. 38. This quotation (somewhat
varied) is on the Lennox monument in Westminster Abbey, to mark the date. See Chrono-
grams, p. 4.
1612
ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY LAMENTATIONS. 15
These poems are designated ' Lachrymse Oxonienses in tumulum . . •
principis Henrici.' On sheet L (there is no pagination) is this
anagram, and the verses containing two words printed as if for a
chronogram, which I give below, to show how imperfectly the author
or the printer has done his work, and in the hope that some one will
set it right The anagram on the name
Fredericus — Ferri decus,
occurs frequently in continental examples of earlier date; it is pro-
bably an imitation here: the words are used in the verses which
follow —
Henricus Fredericus Stuuartus VVallue Princeps.
Per Anagrammatismum.
Heu nunc surculus, scUus patrice, decUs ferri periit.
sVrCulVs, heu periIt magni de stirpe Jacobi,
Ille salus patriae, spes fuit ille suae.
Amorum ferrique decus, pacisque columna
Ecce quot hoc unum funera funus habet
On sheet o there is a short poem of six lines, preceded by the
name of the prince in Latin, containing nineteen letters. The first
line tells us that the prince lived as many years as there are letters in
the name. The chronogram gives the year of his death, after making
four corrections of errors in the original print —
Heinricus Fredericus,
Tot vixit noster princeps clarissimus annos,
Quot numeres hoc in nomine litterulas.
Annus cui vitse decimus nonus, Decus orbis
Heinricus nonus mense Novembris obit.
oCCVbVTt prInCeps heInrICVs, CaroLVs ILLI I ,
sVCCessIt, DeVs hVnC fratrIs VICe VIVere sInIt. j "" I012
Quod sit felicissime et diutissime votum
Thomse Carey. Exon: Coll:
ue. Henry Frederick, our renowned prince, lived as many years as you
may count letters in this name, whose year of life was the nineteenth yeary
this ornament of the world died in the Nones of the month of November.
Prince Henry is dead, Charles has succeeded him, may God permit him
to live in the place of his brother. That this may be is most happily,
and continually the wish of Thomas Carey of Exeter College.
Tract 5, entituled ' EidylHa/ is in continuation of the same sub-
ject ; the last page alone contains a chronogram, thus —
Finis. Anno
VI Vat DIVInIssIMVs brItannLe et ) = ,
hIbernLe reX Verje pIetatIs LVX regIa J I2
Et ut longum vivat
i.e. Long live the most divine King of Britain and Ireland, the royal
light of true piety. And that he may live long.
1 6 ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY LAMENT A TIONS.
Tract 6 is again in continuation of the same subject ; the title is
' Luctus posthumus.' Oxford, 1612. At page 54 is ' Chronogramma
in annum Christi quo obiit princeps 161 a.'
freDerICVs Morte perIt, ast honor sVperstat. = 1612
i.e. Frederick is dead but honour survives.
Some verses follow, and the tract concludes at page 62, thus —
Finis
Anno quo
tV tIbI LVges MagDaLena. = 161 2
i.e. Magdalen (College), thou mournest to thyself.
This tract is noticed at page 18 of Chronograms.
A volume (British Museum, press-mark 1070. 1. 6. 1-7) contains
x\ another tract on the same subject as the foregoing, viz., verses
on aeath of Prince Henry Frederick. It presents us with a greater
(though not an important) development of chronogram composition
than was reached by English writers. It is from the pen of a Dutch
writer, Professor Baudius of the University of Leyden ; and we here
meet with the feature almost peculiar to Dutch and Flemish chrono-
grams, the disuse of the letter D=5oo, as a numerical letter. The
tract is No. 3 in the volume. It bears the title ' Monumentum con-
secratum honori et memorise serenissimi Britannorum principis
Henrici Frederici. Authore Dominico Baudio I.C Historiarum
professore in Academia Leidensi. — Lugdunum Batavorum cid id cxii.'
(161 2.) 40. There is no pagination ; the only chronograms are on
sheet ciii. The following is the introduction to them ; and the quaint
warning not to count the letters D is printed in the margin —
Sequentia disticha singula continent annum quo
serenissimus princeps excessit e vita quaedam et
diem ipsum indicant
Hallucinantur qui D computant
inter litteras numerates.
eXorIens phcebVs VIrIdI sVb fLore IWenx*
oCCVbat, et seCVM gaVdIa CVnCta rapIt.
spes regnI oCCVbVIt VIrIdantI eXspIrat In mVo
deLICIVM popVLI, pVbLICVs orbIs honor.
LVget apeX, CrVdo sqVaLLesCIt regIa LVCtV, 'i ,
fILIVs heV regIs fVnere adeMtVs obIIt. * ~" x I2
OGGESSlT PATRliE TENEBRAS LVX SEXTA NOVeMbrIs,
LVCIfer oCCVbVIt CVra nItorqVe poLI.
oCCIdIt eXorIens soL seXta LVCe noVeMbrIs,
LVX fVIt hjeC orb! fVnere t\stra dIes,
1612
1612
1612
1612
ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY LAMENTATIONS. 17
proh faCInVs VIrIdI CadIt eXorIente IWenta ) ,
prInCeps, CVI nVLLVs par erat aVt sIMILIs. / " I012
henryC Vs prInCeps pVIt heV I VIX VLLa deInCeps J __ 6
ferre pareM qVIbVnt, non si aVrea s-*CLa redIbVnt. J ~~
Observe the Leonine construction of this last couplet.
i.e. The rising sun sinks beneath the fresh flower of youth, and carries
off with itself all joys.
The hope of the kingdom has fallen, it expires in green age, this
delight cf the people, this public honour of the world.
The royal head {of the country) mourns, the palace becomes squalid
with rough grief, alas / the king's son is gone, taken away by death.
The sixth light (or day) of November brought darkness to the
country ; Lucifer has set, the charge and lustre of the sky.
The sun rising on the sixth light (or day) of November has set, this
light was a sad day in death to the world.
Alas / what a calamity in the green rising youth-time, the prince
dies, no one was his equal or even like him.
Prince Henry, alas I is gone, scarcely will any succeeding age be able
to bring us his equal, no, not even should the golden age return.
££t££ttZ££tt££tt££££Z
A volume of tracts (British Museum, press-mark 1070. m. 5.),
tract No. 5 — 'Jacobi Ara Deo Reduci, ceu in Jacobi . . .
regis . . . reditum e Scotia in Angliam. Oxford, 1617. 4°, no
pagination. Academic Oxoniensis gratulatoria. Poems and verses
on the return of King James 1. from his journey to Scotland in 161 7.
On sheet b 2 are the following verses, with chronograms —
Is MVsIs DeCVs, patronVs. = 161 7
A quo regnorum sumpsit rex magnus habenas ;
Non annus, quo non plurima magna facit.
Is MVsIs DeCVs est patron Vs et optimus; illis = 161 7
Composuit lites, et pia jura dedit.
reX bonVs aDIt sCotIaM. = 161 7
reX bonVs, et multis regnis in commoda natus,
Ipsus aDIt sCotIaM, regia multa facit = 1617
Multo cum sumptu, studio, pietate, labore,
Ordinibus cunctis justa decora dedit
oXonLb MeDICVs. = 1 61 7
oXonLe MeDICVs, medicinae nempe Facultas ^= 161 7
Te reducem gestit ; sic quoque quseque Toga.
Et templo et regno, populo, gentique togatae
Qub bene tu facias (Optime) quoque diu ;
Sanos et multos annos (Rex maxime) votis
Exoptat summis oXonLe MeDICVs. = 161 7
Tho: Clayton. Med: D. et Profess: Regius.
c
18 ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS.
A tract (British Museum, press-mark 161. b. 46), 'Funebria
/\ sacra/ etc., on the death of Anne, wife of King James 1. of
England ; poems by various members of the University. Oxford, 16 19.
4°, no pagination. On sheet c is the following somewhat faulty chrono-
giammatic epitaph on the Queen, who died on 2 March 16 18 —
1 In obitum serenissimae reginae Annae
Epitaphium chronographicum.'
DoMIna regIna anna Inter VXores poLLkns = 16 18
eXpIrans MartII seCVnDo — 16 18
hIC DorMIt; regIs gnata, soror, VXor, parens. = 16 18
VXOR ERAT REGl ET DoMlNA GENT I CHARA. = l6l8
MartII erat mensis, martis crudelior omni, \
Anna qubd eXpIrat, mense dieve dies. > = 1618
Anne seCVnDa dies ? sit nomine, at omine nunquam )
Esse reor faustam quae mala tanta tulit.
Gnata, sororque, parens hIC DorMIt regIs et VXor = 16 18
regI VXor, gentI Charaq: erat DoMIna. = 1618
regIna hjrc poLLens VXores Inter, et anna ) _ l6lg
Haec DoMIna est generis gloria feminei. J
On sheet f 3 —
saCrVM trIstI sIC LVgens. )
ConseCrat sepVLChro. J
1618
On sheet m 2. In the year 16 19 the University expressed grief
on the premature death of the Queen, according to this chronogram —
LethVM regIn* DefLebItIs oXonIenses : = 1619
Paremus, modo sic placentur Numina flemus.
On sheet m 3 is this verse —
DesInIt In VIVIs esse optatIssIMa prInCeps. = 1618
Fatalis titulus fatalem terminat annum,
Qui vitam nobis terminat Anna tuam.
On sheet n 2 is this quotation (from Virgil ?), in chronogram —
. . . heV erIt VnqVaM ) .* Q
ILLeDIes? J" l6lS
Vidimus, ast iterum nunquamne videbimus Annam ?
non erIt heV VnqVaM, qui fuit ILLe DIes. = 16 18
Ric. Parsons. Nov. Coll. Soc.
On sheet p 3 is this chronogramma, and verses —
Ver rIDere negat, Mars s^eWs anheLat aprILIs *= 1618
fLet, tIbI eheV LVgens MensIs et annVs aDest. = 16 18
Quid lacrymas fundis ? quid tot suspiria ? frustra est,
Sat Mars singultus, sat dat Aprilis aquae.
Si Mars, defuncti, possit durissimus Anni,
Suspirare, nefas sit tibi nolle mori.
Quandoque inafluetos se solvit Aprilis in imbres,
Turpe est si non sis Anglia, tota palus.
1623
ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS. 19
A volume of tracts and congratulatory poems (British Museum,
press-mark 837. k. 9.), 40. Tract 4, only four leaves of Latin
verses, the title is ' Prosphonesis ad serenissimum et celebratissimum
regem Jacobura 1./ etc., k Petro Fradelio, Schemniceno. Anno
Cor regIs probI In ManV DeI est, fVIt et erIt. = 16 16
Londini. 16 16.
A thin 40 volume bound in crimson velvet (British Museum,
press-mark 1070. m. 10.), contains 42 pages of votive poems
addressed by the University of Oxford to King James 1., on the
arrival of his son Charles, Prince of Wales, in Spain, whither he went
to woo the king's daughter, the Infanta, and whom he did not even-
tually marry.1 It bears this title, 'Votiva, sive ad . . . Jacobum
Magnae Britanniae regem [on the arrival of Prince Charles in Spain]
. . • Pia et humilis Oxoniensium gratulatio/ London, 1623. On
the back of the title-page there is this
Chronogramma anni, quo Carolus
Princeps receptus est in Hispaniam.
gratVs brItannIae prInCIpIs
In hIspanIaM aDVentVs.
At page 20 some verses are preceded by this chronogram —
araM
IoVI tVteLarI
pro CaroLo saLVo et Vt sVos , ,
sospes reVIsat, thVre pVro et / 3
VotIVIs preCIbVs
ConseCrat oXonIa.
ANOTHER 40 volume, similar to the preceding one in size and
binding (British Museum, press-mark 1070. m. 6), intituled
• Carolus Redux/ contains poems on the return of Prince Charles
from Spain. There is no pagination. On sheet f is this
Chronogramma
haVD Ita te aMIsso LVget hIspanIa, \ ^
VtI repossesso pIa gestIt angLIa. /
Insolita Angligenas admittere gaudia mentes,
Hesperum moestos cogis inire modos.
Sidney Godolphin, Equitis Aurati filius, h Coll. Exon.
And this follows shortly afterwards on sheet f 3 —
prInCeps hesperIIs, tanDeM est regressVs ab orIs, 7 jg
OPTATlS PATRIjE TERR<EQVe POTItVr ARENlS. > 3
1 Another book, a strange eflusion on this subject, is noticed in my Chronograms,
page 20, where it is inadvertently remarked that Prince Charles married the Infanta of
Spain. See also pp. 19-24, ibid.
1623
2o ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRA TULA TIONS.
And these enigmatical verses, with the chronogram, are in the
same sheet —
El DVX IVIt CoMbs.
1623.
Quomodb, die, Princeps habeat comitemque Ducemque ;
Quum duo sint tantum ? Dux erat ille comes.
Joh: Tyringham. Equit: Aur: fil: h Coll: Magd:
On sheet 1 the commencement and termination of the prince's
journey are marked by chronograms, and epigram verses which repeat
the chronogram words —
De itinere principis inchoato, 1622
terminato verb anno, 1623.
DoMVs aVstrIaCa traXIt. = 1622
eXIIt aVstrIaCA DoMV. = 1623
Cum DoMVs aVstrIaCa attraXIt, currente caballo
Carolus, velo et praepetes Jussit Amor.
Quando Pater revocat, sancti memor Ille Parentis
Advolat feque DoMV hie eXIIt aVstrIaCA.
Qui sic observat Patrem, atque observat Amorem,
Huic Pater indulgens, sit quoque mollis Amor.
,XfiJ,XfiJ.XXmtJJ,m,
A tract (British Museum, press-mark 1070. m. 7), 40, no pagina-
tion, has this title, * Oxoniensis Academiae parentalia,' etc. (of
James, King of Great Britain), Oxford, 1625. Contains verses on the
subject of his death in 1625 by various members of the University.
On sheet b 2 is a good anagram on his name, and verses combining
the words of the same —
Anagram.
Iacobvs stewartvs.
Ita cvrsv svo beatvs.
i.e. James Stewart. — Thus blessed in his course.
On sheet c 2 is this chronogram preceding some verses, which
combine the words of the chronogram —
reX obIIt pIVs aCaDeMLe benIgnVs. = 1625
i.e. The king, kind to the university \ has died.
On sheet d is this chronogram of the year of his death, 1625, and
the years of his reign in England, 22, making the total of 1647 —
IaCobVs steVarDVs reX pIVs IVstIssIMVs obIIt. as 1647
i.e. James Stewart, a kind and most just king, has died.
On sheet d 2 is another good anagram —
Iacobus Stewart obiit.
I bo sicut beatus viator.
i.e. James Stewart has died. — / will go as a blessed traveller.
ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY LAMENTATIONS. 21
On sheet e 3 some verses on his death are preceded by this
chronogram—
IaCobVs Magna brItannIa reX, fIDeI propVgnator. = 1625
i.e. James, king of Great Britain, defender of the faith.
On sheet g are some verses with this chronogram —
patron Vs fIDeI MagnVs IaCobVs obIVIt. = 1625
i.e. fames, a great protector of the faith, has died.
The preface contains some verses, preceded by this chronogram,
taken from Virgil, Mn. vi. 341, giving the year of the king's death —
. . . qVTs te, paLInVre, DeorVM J = ,
erIpVIt LONGfe nobIs? ... J
ue. What god, O Palinurus, snatched you from us? — Or, according to
Dry dens translation —
' What envious pow'r, O friend,
Brought your lotfd life to this disastrous endV
The words of Virgil which here form the chronogram are applied
to the event of the death of the king of England. The poet relates
that iEneas, when he descended to the infernal regions, meets the
shade of his old pilot Palinurus, who had fallen overboard and was
drowned, and asks him (as above translated), 'Quis te, Palinure
deorum eripuit nobis ?' The word 'longfe' is inserted in the chrono-
gram because it contains the number 50 required to complete the date,
but it does not ^interfere with the meaning of the sentence. This
adaptation of VirgiPs words to a date in English history is remarkable.
A tract (British Museum, press-mark 837. h. 18) 40, pp. 84.
' Ducis Eboracensis Fasciae a Musis Cantabrigiensibus raptim
context®.' Cambridge, 1633. Verses and poems by various members
of the University on the birth of James, son of Charles 1. of England,
and Henrietta Maria his queen, on 14th October 1633. He was
Duke of York, and came to the throne on 6th February 1685 as
James 11. On page 27 some verses, ' Ad reginam,' commence —
Euge puerperio ter fausta Maria beato ;
(Hei mini, qubd nequeo dicere, fausta quater !) etc.
The concluding lines are addressed to the Duke of York, and are
followed by a poem on the planet Venus shining with great splendour
just before the birth of the prince,* which is alluded to in this chrono-
gram, the fifth hexameter line of the poem —
eCCe MICat noVa LVX, aC spes noVa nasCItVr angLIs. = 1633
t\e. Lot a new light shines, and a new hope is born to the English
people.
At page 36, a poem, 'De cometa, qui nasciturum principem
nupera luce predixit,' concludes with this chronogram —
sIC nostro eXorItVr syDVs In orbe noVVM. = 1633
ue. Concerning the comet which foretold by its recent light that a
prince was to be born. — Thus is a new star arisen to us in the world.
22 ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS.
At page 64, a poem, addressed to the infant Duke of York, con-
cludes thus —
Ut tamen innumeras grates des, Carole ; natos
InnVMeros VXor Det preCor VsqVe tIbI. = 1633
i.e. O Charles, I pray that thy wife may continually give thee count-
less children.
A volume in the British Museum Library (press-mark 1070. m. 40),
^f\ Poems on the Journey of Charles 1. into Scotland in 1633.
By various members of the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, and
Edinburgh. Comprised in five different tracts, affording but a few
chronograms.
Tract 1. 'Solis Britannia perigaeum. Sive itinerantis Caroli auspi-
cissima periodus.' Oxford, 1633.
Some verses by Th. Garland of Magdalen College have this title —
brItannIjE reX reDVX, ) = +
trIVMphos Cantate. J * 33
The next page of verses has this at the conclusion—
Chronogr: Anni mocxxxiii.
Io! VIDIstI Vt tIbI serVIat VLtIMa thVLe: = 1633
Quid dicam Fatis jam superesse tuis.
Hugo Barker. Art: Bac: Coll: Novi Socius.
Twelve verses by Thomas Clayton of Pembroke College are
preceded by this chronogram —
optIMa sVnt, qVm tVt6 IVCVNDfe breVI. = 1633
The next tract is ' EI20AIA Musarum Edinensium in Caroli regis,
Musarum Tutanti, ingressu in Scotiam.' Edinburgh, 1633. No pagina-
tion ; but counting to page 16, these lines are a passage in the poem —
Quo patriam remeat supremi cura Tonantis,
Atque saLVs popVLI reX, his mage gratus ocellis, ) fi
Intrat eDInbVrgVM ; si vera oracula vatum. J "" 33
THE following verses are very curious ; they are from tract No. 4
in the last-mentioned volume, and are intituled ' Rex Redux,
sive voti damnas De incolumitate et felici reditu regis Caroli post
receptam Coronam, Comitiaque peracta in Scotia.1 Cambridge, 1633.
They are hexameter and pentameter couplets, that can be read for-
wards and backwards without otherwise altering the position of the
words, the meaning one way being the opposite to that of the other —
Ad serenissimum Regem Carolum.
Carole, Progrederis ? Lege Distichon ordine recta
ANGLIjE
Deficio, bone Rex, animo : Non gaudia regno,
Carole, nunc praestas Tu tua sollicito.
AeiiroOvfxla
in exitu
Carole, Regrederis ? Cancros imitare legendo.
r
ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS.
23
ANGLLE
"Evdvfiia
In reditu
Regis.
Sollicito tua Tu praestas nunc, Carole, regno
Gaudia : Non animo, Rex bone, dencio.
Distich: Chrongramm:
MDCXXXIII.
haCtenVs angLorVM
Corona,
est : tIbI sIt soLI,
tVIs.
nVLLI ConCessa^
postgenItIsqVe
SCOTORVM
primo in
occursu
Regis.
"Rwfapia.
i.e. To the most serene King Charles.
Charles, art thou going forth 1 Read this distich straight forward.
Despondency
]
= 1633
of England at
the departure
of the king.
Art thou returning^ Charles t
Rejoicing
My mind fails me, O good king; Thou no longer,
Charles, affordest thy delights to thy anxious
kingdom.
Read it backwards crablike.
of England at
the return
of the king.
Greeting
of the Scotch
an the first
meeting
of the king.
Thou now affordest, Charles, joys to thy anxious
kingdom ; my mind fails me not, O good king.
Distich Chronogram.
Hitherto to none of the English has a crown been
granted (from Scotland); be it to thee alone and to
thy posterity.
A volume (British Museum, press-mark 837. g. 27.) contains three
J-\ tracts relating to the journeys of Charles 1. to Scotland ; and
therein are only five chronograms. Tract 1 bears this title —
Musarum Oxoniensium
Pro
Rege suo
Soteria.
Anagramma.
Carolus Britonum Rex.
Tu rex librum coronas.
Symbola sunt Almae Matris Liber atque Corona :
Jam verum est, Librum tu (rex invicte) coronas.
Oxoniae, 1633.
24 ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY GRATULATIONS.
There is no pagination ; the only chronogram is on sheet e, and
it stands as the title of some verses addressed to Charles i. —
VIVIt reX nobIs, absorpta est ) _ 6
Mors In VICtorIA, Deo gratIas. j "" J **
In the original, the words 'Rege suo Soteria' are printed in gold
letters, so likewise are the two anagram lines. The two hexameter
lines which follow next contain words (printed in italics) from the
anagram, and they are in direct allusion to the armorial device of the
University of Oxford, which is printed in the centre of the title-page,
viz., on a shield an open book between three crowns. The whole
will bear this translation —
A congratulation of the Oxford Muses for the deliverance of their
king. — Anagram, Charles, king of Britain. Thou, O king, crownest
the book — The book and the crown are the symbols of * Alma Mater' ;
that now is true, thou, O unconquered king, dost crown the book
—(Chronogram), The king lives for us, death is swallowed up in
victory, thanks be to God. (This sentiment is adapted from i Cor. xv.
55-57)
Tract 2, in the same volume, consists of verses addressed to the
king by members of the University of Cambridge, on his return from
Scotland ; it bears this title —
• Irenodia Cantabrigiensis :
Ob paciferum serenissimi regis Caroli h Scotia
reditum Mense Septembri 1641.
Et vocaberis instaurator rupture. Isa: 58. 12.
Posuit fines tuos pacem. Psalm 147. 14.
MDCXLL
Chronogramma bipartitum —
qVm DeVs ItX ConIVnXIt anatheMa sIt \= i6ai
qVIsqVIs separat. j 4
What goD hath thVs knIt together CVrseD be. he i _ ,
Who pVts asVnDer.' f "" I041
At this date the troubles of this unfortunate king were coming
thickly upon him ; his visit, to Scotland failed to turn fortune again
in his favour, and the aspirations of his Cambridge friends, as implied
by this singular title-page, were grievously disappointed. There are
no more chronograms.
Tract 3, in the same volume, is intituled, ' Eucharistica Oxoni-
ensia.' (Congratulations from the University of Oxford on the return
of Charles 1. from Scotland.) At the fifth page there are some verses,
preceded by this 'Chronogramma 1641 ' —
reX bonVs reDVX gLorIa saLVs regnorVM. as 1641
And on sheet c 3, other verses are preceded by this —
nobILIssIMVs reX saLWs reDIIt eX septentrIone. = 1641
i.e. The good king returned, the glory, the safety of the kingdoms. The
most noble king has returned safely from the north country.
ENGLAND— CHARLES THE FIRST. 25
A volume of miscellaneous tracts (British Museum, press-mark
e. 62). Tract 14 relates to the return of the queen, Henrietta
Maria, from Holland. ' Musarum Oxoniensium Ea-i/JaT^/ua serenissimae
reginarum Mariae ex Batavia feliciter reduci Publico voto d.d.d.
Oxford, 1643.' On sheet a there are some verses addressed to the
king and queen, preceded by this chronogram —
reX optIMVs, regIna nobILIs regIa proLes ) _ ^
tVtI DIV VIVant. J "" I043
Further on there is this anagram about the queen, and verses
which combine three of the words thereof. The anagram, however,
is faulty ; the first line contains two letters more than there are in the
second, viz., H and r.
Henriette Marie Roine d'Angle-Terre.
Anagram.
Ange en Terre, Je tien arm6 le Droit
Reculez vous fils de Noirceur, voila un Ange
Qui vous estonnera par sa lumiere estrange.
L'assailliez vous encore ? voila des Armes,
Abris de Droit, maulgre* d'Enfer les charmes.
T. TulUe. A.M. Coll: Reg.
A volume of single printed sheets concerning Charles 1., King of
England, in the British Museum (press-mark 669. f. 14). No. 75
contains twelve rhyming lines, giving the names of the leading rebels
in 1649 > anc* a chronogram of that year, with a rhyming explanation
that it is the date of the decollation of the king ; the last couplet of
which is a riddle on the name of Cromwell, pronounced like Crumb-
well. It is as follows : —
Monarchia transformata in Respublicam {sic)
deformatam :
OR
A yury of twelve impossibilities.
1. Give Generall Tom a common-souldier's wit ;
2. Cure frantick Mildmay of his whimsey fit :
3. Quench Peters tongue (which hel hath set on fire
4. Coole Nols ambitious thirst of soaring higher :
5. Make Bradshaw bashfull, and false Whit lock true ;
6. Un-atheist Lenthall, Cor bet too un-jew,
7. Pride's Sword, exchange for Slings \ let Ockey haste
8. Back to his Yeast-tub. Hewson to his Last
26 ENGLAND— CHARLES THE FIRST.
9. And Wild (with Law) Sweep treason from his bench
10. Hedge Martin (all in common) with one wench.
1 1. Pack a committee, without knaves. Let 's see
12. A Juncto (not of Rebels) and then we
For light in England's Chaos will yet hope :
For Char Is three Crowns, for Rebels, each a rope.
1 Numeral! letters are to be considered in these two following
lines' : —
CharLes the trVe pICtVre of ChrIst CrVCIfIDe, ) 6
great brIttans VIrtVoVs kIng noW gLorIfIDe. J **
These Numerall Letters, Altogether be
Just sixteene hundred, forty, and thrice three.
These Letters (twenty-six) five Cees, two Dees,
Two LLs, eight Vees, and Ies a treble trine,
Make up the number, just as it agrees,
One thousand and six hundred forty-nine.
That yeare, the first months thirtieth day, a blow
Laid Charles our King, and England s Honour low.
But, He is high, grac'd with a glorious Crowne,
And (by his Death) three Kingdomes are cast downe.
The Loaf is inside, and Circle of a Spring,
Was worst of Traitors to a Gracious King.1
Sep. 12. finis. 1649.
(Date added with ink in contemporaneous writing.)
T ~+~
In the same volume there is another sheet of verses relating to
Charles l (No. 24). The chronogram which precedes the verses has
been used elsewhere. See my former volume on Chronograms, page
24. As this is possibly the earliest use of it, I repeat it here with the
verses, which are a curious representation of the feeling of horror
running through the country after this lamentable event, this murder
of the king. All the words here printed in large italics, as well as the
chronogram date letters, are printed red in the original, and so doubt-
less they were intended for the colour of the king's blood. A deep
black border surrounds the whole print.
Chronostichon Decollations Caroli Regis, etc., tricesimo
die yanuarii, secunda hora Pomeridiana, Anno Dom. mdcxlviii.*
ter Deno IanI Labens reX soLe CaDente
CaroLVs eXVtVs soLIo sCeptroqVe seCVre.
1 This last couplet is the riddle meaning Crumb-well = Cromwell.
* i.e. the 30th day of January of the legal year ending 24th March 1648, a method of com-
putation in use at that period. The plain translation of the hexameter couplet is, King
Charles falling by the axe on the thrice tenth day of January, towards the setting of the
sun, is deprived of his throne and sceptre.
}= !648
ENGLAND— CHARLES THE FIRST. 27
Charls ! — ah forbeare, forbeare ! lest mortals prize
His name too dearly ; and Idolatrize.
His name ! Our Losse ! Thrice cursed and forlorne
Be that Black Night} which usher'd in this Morne !
Charls our Dread-Soveraigne— hold ! lest Out-Iaw'd Sense
Bribe, and seduce tame Reason to dispense
With those Celestial Powers ; and distrust
HeaVn can Beholde such Treason, and prove just
Charls our Dread-Soveraigris murtheSd ! Tremble ! and
View what Convulsions Shoulder-shake this Land.
Court, Cittie, Countrie, nay three Kingdoms runne
To their last Stage, and Set with Him their sunne.1
Charls our Dread-Soveraigti s murther'd at His* gate !
Fell fiends ! dire Hydra's of a stiff-neckt-State !
Strange Bodie-Politicke / whose Members spread,
And Monster-like, swell bigger then their Head.
Charls of Great Britaine I Hee who was the knowne
King of three Realms, lies murther'd in his Owne.
Hee ! Hee ! who hVd, and Faith's Defender stood,
Die'd here to re-Baptize it in His Blood.
No more, no more. Fame's Trumpe shall Eccho all
The rest in dreadful Thunder. Such a Fall
Great Christendome ne're Pattern'd ; and 'twas strange
Earth's Center reel'd not at this dismal change.
The Blow struck Britaine blinde, each well-set Limbe
By Dislocation was lop'd off in Him.
Though Shee yet lives, Shee lives but to condole
Three Bleeding Bodies left without a Senile.
Religion puts on Black. Sad Loyaltie
Blushes and Mourns to see bright- Majestie
Butcher d by such Assassinates; nay both
'Gainst God, 'gainst Law, Allegiance, and their Oath.
Farewell sad Isle I Farewell ! Thy fatal Glory
Is Summ'd, Cast up, and Cancell'd in this Story.
Aprill 30, 1649.
' Date added with ink in contemporaneous writing.
1 Observe the words * Sole Cadente * in the chronogram, ' at the setting of the sun.'
* The gate of the Palace of Whitehall where he was executed.
*8 ENGLAND— OLIVER CROMWELL.
I HE next in order of date is a volume of tracts (British Museum,
press-mark e. 740). One of them is devoted to the praises of
x Cromwell, by various members of the University of Oxford.
'Musarum Oxoniensium EAa«£o/na, sive ob foedera, Auspiciis
serenissimi Oliveri Reipub: Ang: Scot: et Hiber: Domini Protectoris,
inter Rempub: Britannicam et Ordines Foederatos Belgii faeliciter
stabilita, Gentis Togatae ad vada Isidis celeusma metricum. Oxoniae,
1654. Pp. 104.
ue. The bringing of the Olive-branch of the Oxford Muses, otherwise,
A metrical ' celeusma * (or call given by the chief oarsman to commence
rowing) of the gownsmen at the ford of the river Isis, on the treaty happily
established under the auspices of the most serene Oliver, the Lord Protector
of the Republic of England, Scotland, and Ireland, between the British
Republic and the confederated States of Holland.
There are many poems in Latin and some in Greek, and only one
chronogram, at p. 48.
Chronogramma triumphale.
qVarentI, ornaVIt qVIs tantA paCe brItannos? \
hoC DeCVs InsIgnIs, DIC, oLIVerVs habet. f _ -
attVLIt Is nobIs pergrata InsIgnIa honorIs t *4
PACIS ET OPTATjE GRATA TROPHiEA sIbI. )
J. F. Col: Oxon:
i.e. To him who inquires who adorned the Britons with so great a
peace t Say, thai Oliver has gained that distinguished glory. He brought
to us that very agreeable mark of honour, and to himself the joyful
trophies of the wished for peace.
A volume of congratulation poems, by members of the University of
Oxford, on the arrival in England of Catharine of Braganza, the
intended wife of King Charles 11., intituled, * Domiduca Oxoniensis :
sive Musae Academicse Gratulatio ob auspicatissimum serenissimae
Principis Catharinae Lusitanae, Regi suo desponsatae in Angliam
appulsum.' Oxonias, 1662. No pagination. (British Museum, press-
mark 1 2 13. 1. 38.)
On leaf 40, a set of acrostic verses on the name Catherina Steuart,
concludes with this chronogram —
DVrent sVa noMIna s^CLIs. = 1662
On leaf 53, a set of verses is preceded by this chronogram-
f^eLICIa ConnVbIa CaroLo brItannICo
et catharine braganzie omnes angli }► = 1662
OPTANT.
i-
On leaf 54, a Latin poem of twelve lines, signed by Moses
Pengry, A.B. e Coll: JEn. Nas:, is preceded by these chronograms on
the return of King Charles 11. from exile, and on the arrival of the
queen —
f
ENGLAND— WILLIAM THE THIRD. 29
In reditum Regis.
angLIa pLaVDe, reDVX reX, saLVos LVCe brItannos 1 ,,
angLICVs ILLVstrat soL orIente sVos. J ""
In adventum reginae.
appVLIt hVC feLIX regIna, eVge ! o, Dea sane ! ) _ ,,•
hoC renoVata tIbI, haC LVX DVpLICata fVIt. J "~ I002
Charles the Second and. Catharine of Braganza were married at
Portsmouth on 21st May 1662. She called herself Queen of Great
Britain from the time of the signature of the marriage-contract at
Lisbon.
The tract ends with leaf 68, and contains no more chronograms.
THE following relate to the victory gained by William in. in
* Ireland, and the defeat of the invasion led by James 11. ; the
passage of the river Boyne and the battle and the surrender of
Limerick. (From Zedler's Univ. Lex. lvi. 1040) —
traIeCto fLWIo Vno pene DIe hybernIaM sVperaVIt, ) ,
aVfVgo rege. ' f - l69°
VIVat VVILheLMVs aVrIaCVs VICtor aVgVstVs angLIje i 6
sCorl* hIbernLe gaLLLe reX. Anno setatis suae, xli. / x 91
i.e. The river being passed over almost in one day, he overcame
Ireland, the king {James 11.) having fled. Long live William of Orange,
the august conqueror, the king of England, Scotland, and Ireland. In
the 41st year of his age.
The events here alluded to by the German writer are these :
James n. of England finding himself nearly deserted by everybody
in the government of the country, and having sent over the queen
and the young prince to France, himself, in the night of the 12 th
December 1688, embarked with a single attendant in a boat at White-
hall Stairs, but was forced to land at Faversham, from whence he
returned to London on the 16th December. His son-in-law, William,
Prince of Orange, who had been invited by the heads of the parties
in the state, landed in England with a force of 14,000 men on the
5th November 1688, and on the 1 7th of December he came to London.
He desired James to leave the palace, who then proceeded to
Rochester, and on 23d December embarked on board a frigate, and
was conveyed to Ambleteuse in Brittany ; thence he repaired to St.
Germains, where Louis xiv. gave him the chateau for his residence,
and bestowed on him a small revenue. Meanwhile the English crown
was settled upon the Prince and Princess of Orange, as King
William in. and Queen Mary. In the beginning of March 1689 .
James sailed from Brest, landed at Kinsale, and immediately marched
to Dublin with a small force supplied by the French king. A few
weeks afterwards he laid siege to Londonderry, and was unsuccessful
there. After various military operations, his cause was finally ruined
by the defeat received from King William in person at the battle of
the Boyne, fought on the 1st July 169a William with his forces
30 ENGLAND— WILLIAM THE THIRD.
crossed the river Boyne, as mentioned in the chronogram, and James
again took refuge in France, and died there in 1701. After further
warfare, the terms of peace in Ireland were settled by treaty on the
surrender of Limerick, on 3d of October 1691.
• Among the numerous medals struck in commemoration of the
events in the history of the period of William's reign, a few only
bear chronogrammatic inscriptions. Some of them will be found at
pp. 105, 106 of Chronograms, and some of those are repeated
here for the sake of the improved version of the translation, together
with two additional medals, taken from some early sheets of the British
Museum Catalogue'of the whole series, now in course of preparation
by Dr. Herbert A. Grueber, who gives a careful description of every
feature of the medals, while my notice is confined to a few special
inscriptions only. This is inscribed on the edge of a coronation
medal of William 111. —
CaUsa DeI popULIqUe sUI DefenDItUr eXte. = 1689
i.e. The cause of God and of his people is defended by thee.
The reverse of another coronation medal is inscribed —
gVILIeLM . prInCeps . aVrIaCVs . angLI,* . sCotIa . i — 68
franCIjE et hIbernLe reX CoronatVr . d. 12 Apr. J 9
i.e. William, Prince of Orange, King of England, Scotland, France,
and Ireland, is crowned 21st April 1689.
On the congress of the allies, held at the Hague, to arrange plans
for resisting France, at which William presided. One medal has this
hexameter inscription on the edge —
reX regVM ConsVLta DeVs fortVnet VbIqVe. = 1691
i.e. May God, the King of kings, prosper everywhere their consultations.
Another congress medal, not hitherto published, is inscribed in the
exergue —
ILLVstrI sIInCretIsMo hagjB In febrVarIo eX Voto ) _ ,
poLI et orbIs feLICIter ConCLVso. / ~* .9I
i.e. Dedicated by the decree of the people and the world to the most illus-
trious alliance auspiciously concluded at the Hague in February 169 1.
On the battle of the Hague ; this hexameter and pentameter verse
is on the edge of the medal —
ConCastIgatVs gaLLorVM fastVs et astVs ) 6
fLVCtIbVs et pVgna fraCtVs atroCe fragor. j 9
i.e. The pride and cunning of the French on the seas chastised, and the
crash effected by a severe contest.
mmmimiuii
4 folio volume in the British Museum (press-mark 885. m. 8.
1-20), is a collection of single printed sheets, and is labelled,
taphs, Elegies, etc,' mostly relating to persons of celebrity in
England. All are more or less curious, and I gather four chrono-
grams. No. 8 in the collection is on the death, on 28th December
1694, of Queen Mary n. of England, wife of Wlliam hi. * Elegiacus
Ultramarinae Palladis Planctus in moestum et infandum obitum augustse
ENGLAND. 31
Maris Stuart regin* ter magni optiraique Gulielmi in. Magnae
Britanniae regis optimse ut ut (sic) dilectissimse consortis. . . . Tot
versus quot annos vixit, continens. In aeternam aeternae gratitudinis
gratitudinem mcestissimae Parlamenti utrique cameras jam sedenti
devotos ac oblatos Anno 1695.'
[Then follow the verses, explained below.]
Authore F. Colsoni Barroducaeo Gall: Ital: Hisp: ac Angl: Inter-
prete, Londinl Habitante non longe ab Excarabio regio, in vico
vulgb Lothbury dicto sub Falconis insigni Anno 1695.
Chronologicon.
Mors DoCet, heUs VULtU qUo sponsa reX aVet Urn*: I ) 6
Alget et Exequiis Februa Calva tumet ] ^
The above Latin title tells us that the queen lived as many years
as there are verses, meaning the thirty-three verses which immediately
follow, addressed * Ad Parlamentum.' Her age was 33. The others
are, eighteen verses 'Ad Populum/ and ten ' Epitaphium ;' these
numbers have no special significance, and the verses are not worth
transcribing. The author describes himself as of Bar-le-Duc, and
an interpreter of foreign languages, living not far from the Royal
Exchange, in the street commonly called Lothbury, at the sign of the
Falcon.
Sheet No. 17. Latin verses on the death of Gilbert Burnet, Bishop
of Salisbury, followed by ( Epitaphium ejusdem,' in which the follow-
ing bombastic verse occurs, the sublime and the purely local, a
climax and an anticlimax ; there is, however, no chronogram —
Mens superum, comitante Choro, pia scandit Olympum,
Quod Mortale fuit, clerkenwel in aede quiescit
i.e. His pious soul associating with the heavenly choir ^ climbs to Olympus;
what of him was mortal rests in CUrkenwell church.
He died on 17th March 1715, aged 73.
Sheet No. 20 is ' Octostichon Eucharistichon' (verses congratulat-
ing King George 1. on his arrival in England) ( ej usque nobile nomen
acrostichide Rotundante multoties exhibens.' The acrostic consists
of eight curious hexameter lines, of six words each, on the name
georgius. Then follow two chronograms giving the year in which
the king began to reign, and one intended to give his age at that
period —
'Eteostichon An: Dom: 17 14, quo R. g. regnare coepit Literis
numeralibus, denotans.'
regI CVnCtIpotens, proaVI Det teMpora regnI. = 17 14
Imo obnixfe rogamus ut
CVnCtIpotens, sophLe Det eI bona teMpora VItje. = 17 14
'Eteostichon alterum An: iEtatis G. r. sub regni initio Lit: Num:
Sc: liivi (54) exhibens. [*.*. 56 less 2.]
brIttanIs regnet, referat se serVs In aLtos.
This chronogram is wrong, it makes 58; George the First was
born on 28th May 1660, he was consequently 54 years old in 17 14.
JOHN PELL.
OHN PELL preserved the chronograms which accom-
pany these remarks. He was an English mathema-
tician, who resided a few years at Zurich and Geneva
as the agent of England appointed by the Protector
Oliver Cromwell, to assist in various ways the Pro-
testant Cantons of Switzerland. Five volumes of MSS. in the British
Museum ('Lansdowne 751-755 *), contain the ' Pell's Papers/ a great
variety of letters and documents relating to the affairs of the Swiss
Protestants, written in English, Latin, French, and Italian, wherein
he is addressed officially as 'Joannes Pell . . . Angliae . . . D.
Protectoris ablegatus ad . . . proceres Cantonum Helvetiae Evan-
gelicorum . . . etc.* — also, 'Jean Pell, agent en Suisse . . . envers
les Cantons evangeliques en Suisse/ Other papers are addressed to
him as ' Agent to the .Lord Protector at the Protestant Cantons/ A
document entitled ' Instructions unto Mr. Pell* (reference- mark, 752,
fol. 352), dated 20th July 1655, signed 'Oliver P/ Cromwell, instructs
Pell about the assistance he is to render to the Cantons, and to
engage the help of the Duke of Savoy in favour of his distressed and
persecuted subjects. One paper (754, fol. 400), signed Oliver P. in
a trembling hand, and dated 'Whitehall, May 6, 1658/ requires Pell
' to repaire homewards that we may receive from you the account of
your whole negociation/ It is addressed ' To our trusty and well-
beloved Mr. Pell, our resident with the Protestant Cantons of
r
PELL. 33
Switzerland' Another paper (754. fol. 470) is a command or request
to attend Cromwell's funeral on 23d November [1658], printed on a
small slip of paper, with his name in writing —
'Pell, Esq*.
' You are desired to attend the Funeral of the most Serene and
most renowned Oliver, late Lord Protector, from Somerset-House,
on Tuesday the 23th November instant, at Eight of the clock in the
morning at the furthest, and to bring with you this Ticket; and
that by Friday night next you send to the Herald's Office, near
Pauls, the Names of your Servants that are to attend in Mourning,
without which they are not to be admitted ; and also to take notice
that no coaches are to pass on that day in the streets between
Somerset-House and Westminster.9 (Seal.)
No. 3. . •
Another paper (754. fol. 467), signed by Pell, concerns the cloth
allowed to him for mourning —
' I doe hereby request, that the proportion of cloth allowed unto
me by the Right Honble the Council as mourning for his late High-
nesse the Lord Protector, may be delivered unto my Neighbour, Mr.
Samuel Hartlib the younger.
'Written with mine owne hand September 25. 1658. Gardiner's
Lane, neere Kings-Street. John Pell.'
Among the correspondents of Pell was one John Rudolph Stuki,
a man of some note in Switzerland ; his letters are in Latin and written
in a bold hand, and he was the means of preserving the chronograms
now among Pell's papers, for they are undoubtedly in his hand-
writing. A letter written at Zurich by him to Pell (751. fol. 334), is
thus dated — Dab: Tiguri 10 Jan. '656. paCe DeI L^etaMVr.
( = 1656.) Another in the same volume (fol. 344), written by him
to Pell at Geneva, concludes, 'Vale Illustriss: D. et patriae meas
laboranti favete perge — Dab: 12 Jan. '656, eLeCtos MI DeVs
protege. (=1656.) In the volume (756. foL 480), there is a paper,
partly illegible through water damage along the right margin, written
by Stuki to Pell, commencing, ' Illustrissime D. Residens,' and
concluding, ' Obitu Condaei His ... | ... | bus multum sine
dubio decedit: | Cairdinali quoque hie annus videtur fuisse | fatalis |
CarDInaLIs MazarInVs.
mdclviil
There is no other allusion to Cardinal Mazarin, and if this was
intended to be prophetic, or to express a secret wish, the fact that the
Cardinal did not die until 1661 shows how small was the influence of
either.
Two of the papers written by Stuki and preserved by Pell contain
thirty-seven chronograms. I give an entire transcript of these papers ;
they do not contain a single word of comment as to the precise pur-
E
34
PELL.
pose the chronograms were to serve, or who composed them ; two of
them are introduced into the above quoted letters, but they do not
stand in the place of dates, because the actual dates are likewise
given in figures. They all seem to be expressions of fraternity with
England and enmity towards the Pope, mixed with pious ejaculations
in accordance with the sentiments of the persons concerned with the
subject of the ' Pell's Papers.'
The first set of chronograms is in '751. foL 301.'
Eteosticha
in
Annum 1655.
DVn*I oMnIpotens fortVnet Capta JehoVa,
et IVngat paX, qVm rVpta fV£re prIVs.
}-
sChIsMa fVgate VIrI, heI, qVo pestIs DIrIor haVt est, ) _
tV strenVos JesV IWa pararIos. J
3-
angLVs et hbLVetIVs ConIVnCtIM sChIsMa fVgare =
tenent : paCIfICo non DeVs aVXILIo est ! ss
}=
}-
}■
pVLCra reforMatas protestantesqVe synaXes
eXtrVsIs rIXIs, ConneCtat CopVLa ChrIstI.
5-
sVnt NoXfi heroVM natI heV, gVstaVI Vt aDoLphI
PAPANA NOXA EST fILIa.
6.
annVs
sIt saCChI CeterIsqVe feraX, pIetasqVe saCrata
VbIqVe sCeptrVM eXerCeat.
The second set of chronograms is in ' 754. foL 73 ;' all of them,
except the first in group 6, are extremely simple, being composed of
the same six numeral letters, although not in the same order.
Omina Anni 1656.
1.
Omina Pie talis.
DeVM CoLIte. =
DeVM, o bonI CeLebrate. =
o bonI, pLaCeaMYs Deo, =
zeLo preCVM et fIDe. =
CoLVMna DeI nos regat. =
MI DeVs eLeCtos protege. *
**55
1665
2429
774
1*55
1^55
1656
1656
1656
1656
1656
1656
PELL. 35
2.
Omina Pacts.
LargIre DeVs paCeM. = 1656
DeLeCteMVr Irene. = 1656
paCe DeI LiETAMVR. = 1656
DVLCeM opto Irenen. = 1656
DVLCIa nos Maneant. = 1656
paCeM pIe LVDa. = 1656
qVIs paCeM L*Deret? = 1656
3-
Omina Pads Angluatue.
PROTEGE DeVS, ANGLIiE PROTBCtOREM. as 1656
senatVM ANGLIiE DeCora. = 1656
hosteM ANGLIiE ConfVnDe. = 1656
angLos oMnes CVstoDI. = 1656
nos CLeMens aVDI, et = 1656
proroga, DeVs, angLLe paCeM. = 1656
4i
Omina Pads Helvetica.
tVos, patrIa, foCos neMo L^Dat. s 1656
VInCe MaLos, Deo beante. = 1656
Da, pater, heLVetI^* paCeM. = 1656
CeDant arMa toga, L«tetVr patrIa tota. = 1656
ARM A CADANT, TOGA SVRGAT LjETIOR. =a 1656
5-
Omina Pafxe.
papa MaLeDICVs, =1656
papa MaLeDICtVs, = 1656
Labes obsCcena MVnDI, = 1656
CaDat MaLIs oppressVs. = 1656
6.
Omina Belli.
Late beLLa DeI geraMVs, = 1656
CjeDk MILes hostes, non fVge. = 1656
teLo trVCIDate hosteM, etc = 1656
^^♦•^ <
Very little is known of the history of the events connected with
Pell's residence in Switzerland ; when these papers come to be suffi-
ciently examined, many facts new to history will be brought to light,
and many interesting details will be found to increase the small store
of printed information which at present is accessible concerning him ;
the following are almost the only works which bear upon the subject —
1 Abrege de l'histoire de la Suisse ; Traduit de l'Allemand, par J.
Gaudin. Zurich, 181 7.' (British Museum, press-mark 1054. b. 23.
Catalogued under 'Switzerland.') Page 127 alludes to the troubles
36 PELL.
endured by the Reformers, the persecutions of the Vaudois in 1665,
and a war then existing between the Protestant and the Roman
Catholic Cantons.
* Histoire ancienne et moderne de la Republique de Geneve, — from
the year of the world 2833 before Christ, to the year a.d. 1779.
Geneva m.dcc.lxxi x.' (British Museum, press-mark 157. b. 21.)
Page 139, under the date 1655, mentions the war between the Can-
tons, the siege of Rapperswille, etc., and peace subsequently made.
1 Relation veritable de se qui s'est passl dans les persecutions et
massacres farts cette annle, aux eglises reform£es de Piemont, etc —
1655.'
The following particulars concerning John Pell are extracted from
the General Biographical Dictionary, by A. Chalmers, xxiv. 264.
John Pell, an eminent English mathematician, descended from an
ancient family in Lincolnshire, born 1st March 16 10. At the age of
thirteen he went to Trinity College, Cambridge, and took his degree
of B. A. in 1628, — the author of many works. He was so eminent in
mathematics that he became Professor at Amsterdam in 1643. He
afterwards removed to Breda, and returned to England in 1652. In
1654 he was sent by Oliver Cromwell as his agent to the Protestant
Cantons in Switzerland. His first speech in Latin to the deputies at
Zurich was on the 13th of June ; he continued in that city during most
of his employment in Switzerland, in which he had afterwards the
title of Resident. Being recalled by Cromwell, he took his leave of
the Cantons in a Latin speech at Zurich on 23d June 1658 ; but
returned to England so short a time before the usurper's death that
he had no opportunity of an audience from him. Why Cromwell
employed him does not appear, but it is thought that during his
residence abroad he contributed to the interests of Charles 11. and the
Church of England ; and it is certain that after the Restoration he
entered into holy orders, although at an unusually advanced period
of life. He was ordained deacon 31st March 1661, and priest in
June following, by Sanderson, bishop of Lincoln, and was instituted
to the rectory of Fobbing in Essex, given him by the king. He sub-
sequently acquired some celebrity, and endured much misfortune,
imtil he was confined in the King's Bench Prison for debt ; in 1682
his friends enabled him to go and live at the College of Physicians,
but he was obliged to leave soon after in bad health, and eventually
died in great poverty in 1685. He was interred, through the charity
of Dr. Busby, master of Westminster school, and Sharp, rector of St
Giles-in-the-Fields, in the rector's tomb in that church. Some of his
papers came into the possession of the Royal Society along with
others which were left by Dr. Busby ; the papers which I have made
use of for the chronograms were probably unknown to Pell's bio-
graphers, and they will no doubt, when properly examined, afford
many illustrations tohis singular career.
r
A JOURNEY
IN GERMANY IN
SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
iT so happened, that in the autumn of 1883 I travelled
ovef much ground new to me in Western Germany,
where, led by the interest I take in my subject, and
the excitement incident to its pursuit, I made it a part
of my occupation to search for chronograms, as I had
done in former years in other parts of Europe. I propose to relate
some of my experiences, hoping that other travellers may follow up
a similar path of research.
For this my purpose I visited every church to which access could
be gained by ordinary means, public buildings, castles, and libraries,
directing keen observation to every inscription, visible both inside
and outside of these and other buildings. The printed books within
my knowledge coming from this region, show that chronograms were
well known to former inhabitants ; the whole country has, in one
way and another, been famous in European history, and has called
into action a large amount of chronogram matic talent ; I therefore
set forth, with a fair prospect of success before me, commencing at
(let me fix on as a point) Frankfurt-on-the-Main. The towns and
localities I visited were Frankfurt, Homburg, Fulda, Marburg,
38 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
Cassel, Eisenach, Miinster, Osnabrlick, Luneburg, Hanover, Hildes-
heim, Brunswick, Hamburg, Lubeck, and on my way homewards
Brussels. All these are places of great antiquity, possessing many
exceedingly interesting churches and buildings, all I may say
destined to contain and conserve such inscriptions as I wanted. The
libraries, too, had an encouraging, almost a fascinating attraction for
me, and I have no doubt that if one were allowed to take down from
the shelves at pleasure, book after book, many interesting discoveries
would be made ; but I may say, once for all, that such a privilege is
not found to exist, nor can a personal search be made in the library
catalogues, as in those of the British Museum, Lambeth Palace, and
our university libraries, although a librarian generally does it willingly
for a visitor. In such of the foreign libraries as I visited, the titles of
the books are written on slips, and kept sorted in appropriate boxes,
only to be handled by the librarian, so that unless the visitor knows
the titles of the books wanted, he has but little chance of discovering
his desiderata in a catalogue, and no chance of making an accidental
' find ' on his way along.
The town-library at Frankfurt is an excellent one, and well looked
after. I met with polite attention there from the chief librarian,
and made, by means of his search, some very welcome discoveries,
and one in particular of a book that had been sought for without
success at the British Museum, at the libraries at Paris, Brussels,
Leyden, etc., and far and wide among booksellers at home and
abroad. The book may therefore be spoken of as ' most rare ;' it is
a bibliography of all writers on the dogma of the ' Immaculate Con-
ception ' at the time of publication ; the title is ' Militia Immaculatae
Conceptions/ etc., by Petrus de Alva y Astorga. Published at
Louvain in 1663. I devoted several days to transcribing from it,
and on leaving the neighbourhood I arranged to have other extensive
transcripts made of the great store of chronograms and anagrams to
be found therein, some of which my readers will find at a later page
in this present volume. I also obtained from two antiquarian book-
sellers at Frankfurt some other rare books, with chronograms, which
probably I should not otherwise have been able to procure, or even
to know of, and I am hopeful of obtaining still more such. I also
hope to hear of more through one or two librarians who may by
chance find something in books under their particular care. I visited
the cathedral at Frankfurt, and had I not been there before, and
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 39
obtained all the chronograms, which the reader will find printed in
my work Chronograms, pp. 65, 66, I should have affirmed that not a
single one existed in the building ; the builder and restorer were at
work there, and all inscriptions were covered up or obstructed by
scaffolding, whilst gaudy paint was being applied to every part of the
internal walls and columns ; these are fine times indeed for decorators
of this class in Germany — paint is one of the acts of restoration, and
German taste seems never to be satiated with it. It was fortunate
that I secured my chronograms some years ago.
I was allowed, by the courtesy of the librarian, to range about
with freedom of search among the shelves and presses of the small
town-library at Homburg, with full liberty to take down and replace
any of the books ; the result, however, was but trifling, although many
of the books there are curious. I made the acquaintance there of a
man of considerable scientific repute, Dr. Fried. Rolle, who kindly
lent me some topographical books relating to Gratz in Styria and
other places. I made many extracts, which will be found at a later
page in this volume. I had with me ready at a moment's notice for
production at libraries and book-shops, a list of about a dozen very
rare books on my subject, and not hitherto found in the British
Museum and some other large libraries ; I cannot say that I searched
for the books, but I made inquiry for them at Cassel, Hanover, and
Hamburg libraries, without success.
The town-library at Hamburg is said to contain about half-a-
million of books ; many of them were formerly the property of a
monastery,1 which fortunately escaped destruction by the conflagra-
tion which consumed a great part of the town and surrounded this
building, in the year 1842. I experienced much attention here to
my inquiries from the chief librarian, Dr. Francis Eyssenhardt, who,
in addition to other linguistic attainments, is, fortunately for me, a
complete master of the English language, and I am hopeful that I
shall hear more of the contents of his library to suit my purpose,
than the negative result I experienced on my visit. The inhabitants
of this large commercial city are not bibliophiles. I searched all the
churches, and met with only one chronogram, viz., in the church of
Saint Katharine, where there is a mural memorial painted on a large
1 It was plundered by the French General Davoust, of hated memory, and many of its
treasures were dispersed and sold.
40 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
wooden panel in remembrance of a clergyman, Joachim Westphalen,
commencing with the familiar line —
' Integer vita scelerisque purus."
and beneath are the following lines —
Doctrina pietate, gravis virtutibus arte
Judicio praestans, integritate fide
hAC IaCet heV fIXa IoChIMVs WestphaLVs Vrna, I
qVI, reX ChrIste, tVI pastor, oVILIs erat, f I*'*
Tres et triginta solvit feliciter annos
Eloquio scriptis, dogmata pura Dei
Lustra habuit vitse bis sex et quatuor annos
Cum placide subiit regna beata patris.
Anno 1576. Renov: 1725.
The chronogram alone is given at page 212 of my former work,
Chronograms, as having been in the cathedral; that building was
burnt by the great conflagration. I found no other chronograms in
that city.
The picturesque town of Eisenach is celebrated for having been
the place where Luther studied, and subsequently for his refuge at
the Wartburg Castle on the neighbouring mountain, which he called
his Patmos ; I observed the large stone-tablet fixed to the west front
of the church in the market-place to the memory of Johannes
Hiltenius, a supporter of Luther's reformation. One cold morning
before breakfast, when the market people were about, but not inter-
fering, I copied nearly the whole of the inscription, and chronograms,
and predictions, not altogether an easy task, because decay has
rendered some of the words doubtful and even illegible. The inscrip-
tion states that it was renewed in 1669 —
' ' RENOVATUM A& CID ID LX IX. Sumptibus I.M.'
The decay of the stone appears to be from natural causes, and
not from wilful injury, to which it might be liable in its present
accessible and exposed position. My readers may find the very
curious inscription at page 336 of Chronograms, as I obtained it from
the work there cited. The towns of Brunswick and Lubeck were
unproductive to me, but perhaps my search was not exhaustive, and
I may say as much for Marburg, which of all other towns seemed to
be the most hopeful, as it is most charmingly picturesque.
Fulda, as may be seen in my book Chronograms, pp. 505-522, has
been highly distinguished in chronogrammatic literature, and conse-
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 41
quently I expected to gather a rich harvest there, for which I made
a special journey to the town. It is true that there exists a vast
episcopal palace and gardens, and a great cathedral, both built in the
earlier part of the last century, at or about the time when Fulda was
raised from its dignity of a very ancient abbacy to that of a modern
bishopric, the abbot becoming a prince-bishop, retaining also his
previous title of abbot. There are likewise other great churches, and
in the vicinity there is a large pilgrimage church, seated conspicuously
on a hill, approached through an avenue of shade-giving trees, and
leading on to the c Calvary ' hill, composed of dark volcanic rock.
All this was very encouraging. I made but a poor collection of
chronograms, obtaining only two from the monuments of bishops in
the cathedral. Comparing this locality with other places, Prague for
instance, such a result was very disappointing. The town has the
appearance of the decay of past and gone princely splendour and
ecclesiastical dignity, while chronogrammatic spirit is almost totally
absent.
In following up this pursuit it is proper to bear in one's recollec-
tion that, besides the destruction committed by war, conflagrations,
and other inevitable agencies, the modern races of men do not as a
rule understand chronograms, and grieve not at their destruction, and
it must be clear to the observation of every one that the modern
restorer when left to the perpetration of his own devices, cares more
for his own work than that of his pious predecessors ; the modern
decorator too cares only for his paint, and the payment he may re-
ceive for the indiscriminate application of it It therefore behoves all
travellers and tourists to copy carefully all chronogrammatic inscrip-
tions, whether perfect or not, while they are yet to be found, so that
each man, woman, and Child, whilst pursuing an interesting occupa-
tion, may help to preserve some things that are otherwise doomed to
destruction and oblivion.
Having given some of my experiences, though to a greater length
than I intended, I now proceed to lay before my readers the actual
results of this, one of rambles.
In the parish church of Ober-Ursel, near Homburg in Hesse, a
mural tablet to a lady named Thornet, who died in 1746, contains
these chronograms, the words of which, in the original inscription, are
all run together in a very confused manner —
sIste tVos preCor hIC gressVs qVICVnqVe VIator \ ,
aD sVperos CaLIDas eIaCVLare preCes. J 74
ffff1
42
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
(Here follows the epitaph inscription.)
eXaVDIat IgItVr DeVota Ista DeVs Vota ) __
et reqVIesCas In paCe. J
Over the door of another church at Ober-Ursel, inscribed beneath
an image of a saint bearing the model of a building —
DIgnare nobIs MIserIs In agone ConstItVtIs patroCInIo
tVo assIstere.
Over the door of a small roadside chapel near the new railway
station (September 1883) of Ober-Ursel, in the avenue of chestnut-
trees ; the chapel was built, as it appears, by Adam Uhl and his wife
Elizabeth Uhlin, in 1741 —
saCros Istos Lares ;eterno beat*; VIrgInIs honorI eXstrVXIt
aDaM VhL II qVeIs CVM VXore sVa eLIsabetha VhLIn=
NATA BENDERlN pIjE PARENTl iETERNiE SE OFFERT. || =
This chronogram gives the date twice at the places where the bars ||
are inserted. The inscription, cut in the stone, is undergoing decay.
At the roadside near the cemetery of Ober-Ursel stands a stone
crucifix ; a slab of red sandstone in the pedestal has a votive inscrip-
tion in old German, comprising this chronogram, the letters of which
were formerly gilt, but now are almost illegible through decay. There
is no other date— aLsq bItet
MarIa VrsVLa VVaLLaVVIn
so DIes essaVff GESETZET.
In the parish church of Bommersheim, near Homburg, on a mural
tablet to the memory of Herr Henrich Schmitt, who died in 1 75 2 —
LVX henrICe tVI rapVIt te saCra patronI \ __
qVeM ConstrVXIstI, ConCIpe terra L0C0. j ~~
The remainder of the epitaph is in German.
I visited the neighbouring parish churches of Weissenkirch,
Gonzenheim, Kirdorf, and Weisskirchen, in further search of chrono-
grams, without finding any.
At Fulda I found only two chronograms, both in the Cathedral ;
the monument of Bishop Constantinus (who is described in the epi-
taph as Prince-Abbot, Baron de Buttelar1), is thus dated —
Vt VIrtVtIs honor VIgeat post fata sVperstes ) _
hoC ConstantIno ponIt aManDVs op Vs. J "~
A* MDCCXXXX.
The monument of another Prince-Abbot and bishop has this date.
qVos tV nVnC CIneres LaCryMIs Consperge VIator ) _
LVstrantesqVe IVVa sIC reLeVare rogos. j "~
At Luneburg, in the church of Saint John (a fine structure, the
interior is an important example of the German Gothic style), there
are (1883) some portraits in the north aisle; one represents the
1746
= 1720
}-
1741
1741
1739
1752
1740
1700
1 This bishop belonged to an English family,
died in 1726 ; the monument was erected in 1740.
See Chronograms, pp. 506-509. He
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 43
reformer Philip Melanchthon in full size, his hand points to an open
book showing this sentence, ' Heute bratet ihr ein Ganss iiber ioo
jahr wird ein weissen Schwan kofften den werdet ihr nicht todten
konnen,' and on the next page the finger points particularly to the
name of Huss in the chronogram —
VItaM heV ConstantI ConstantIa Vt abstVLIt hVsso ) _J
reLLIqVIIs VstI rhenVs VbIqVe VIget. f "" I415
And beneath this may be read, ' A?. 141 1. Hat M. Johafies Huss
angefangenzu predigen in der kirche Bethlehem zu Prag. A? 141 5
zu Costnitz verbrandt'
i.e. (the chronogram) When, alas I Constance took away the life of the
constant Huss, the Rhine Is everywhere alive with the relics of the burnt
martyr. Observe the play on the name ' Huss ' and the word * usti '
(burnt) ; he was burnt to death at Constance, and his ashes were
thrown into the Rhine, which, as it were, thus spread his doctrines
along its course through Germany to the sea. See also Chronograms,
P- 333-
At Osnabruck I found only one chronogram. In the Cathedral
a mural monument with elaborate ornamentation bearing the dust of
very many years, put up to perpetuate the memory of Bishop Boi-
donius, has an inscription now to be read with difficulty, which tells
us that he died in 161 1, aged 60, and concludes thus —
imeC sIbI pr*posItI, Magno piueCLarVs honore 1 = 6lI
ConfeCIt LaChesI pensa trahente ferA. J l
J At Hanover I found no chronograms in churches or public places, ^
and only one in the Museum on a medal. There is in the Museum
a large collection of the steel dies from which the medals and money
of the kingdom were struck, impressions of which in lead are deposited
in the usual sort of glass cases away from the good light, and well
obscured by dust The dies themselves are more conveniently
arranged for inspection, but that of the following medal is not among
them (October 1883), neither side of the medal. The device is some-
what intricate. The legend begins after three asterisks — * * *
oMnIa non nIsI proVIDo et Vegeto ConsILIo. = 1666
The next legend surrounds the device in two lines in this order —
qVm Lata fronDe VIrebaM * ) ,,*
nVnC /= l666
/// centre
a leafless
tree.
rIgVI ) ^
sIC transIt gLorIa MVnDI * J
The chronogram words thus read together make the date 1666 three
times repeated. The other side of the medal cannot be seen.
It is hardly possible to imagine a place more interesting to the
antiquary than Hildesheim : in the Cathedral there, near the north
1666
44 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
door, a Turkish military flag is suspended, apparently of silk, and dull
brown or dirty green in colour, and beneath it a wooden tablet with
this inscription in gilt letters on a black ground (which I copied on
6th October 1883)—
'trophjeVM fVgat\* LVnje'et CaptI beLgraDI. = 17 17
Ab augustissimo Imperatore nostro Carolo vi. serenissimo Electori
Coloniensi Josepho Clementi donatum, ab eodem principe et episcopo
nostro ad nos missum, et in hac cathedrali Hildesiensi de concensu
illustrissimi Capituli hujatis in perenne monumentum victoriae tarn
illustris erectum.1
i.e. A trophy of the Crescent (the Turks) put to flight and of Belgrade
taken. Presented by our most august emperor Charles VL to the most
serene Elector Joseph-Clement of Cologne ', and sent to us by the same,
our prince-bishop ; and in this cathedral, with the consent of the most
illustrious Chapter thereof, hung up as a perpetual memorial of so
renowned a victory. The defeat of the Turks and capture of Belgrade
by Charles vi. was in 17 17. See Chronograms, p. 159, etc
At Hildesheim, in the street 'Vorderer Bruhl,' there is a small
church with buildings attached, formerly belonging, as inscriptions
indicate, to the ' Capucin Convent in the garden of lights/ It is now
a school, etc., called the 'Priests' Seminary' (October 1883); the
interior corridors, cloister, and church, look cold, cheerless, and
whitewashy. Outside the building, on the front facing the street, is a
conspicuous decaying stone tablet, with the figure of the Virgin and
Child, heraldic shields beneath, probably the arms of the founder or
benefactor, and this inscription cut in relief —
Conventus Capucinorum in horto luminorum 1732.
soLI Deo honor atqVe gLorIa |
patrIjE paX benefaCtorIbVs >= 1732
retrIbVtIo seMpIterna. j
Over the door of the church is this inscription painted in black on
the stone, almost washed out and only partly legible ; over it is a
figure of the Virgin —
VIrgo DeI Mater sanCtVs ICon ( . . . illegible.) = 17 13
Over the side door, the entrance to the convent, is a stone carving
which represents the Virgin and Child, on either side is a candlestick
with two lighted candles standing in an enclosure or fence (of a
garden ?) made of basket work, and this inscription in hexameter and
pentameter leonine verse —
aVXILIIs ortI DIVInIs LVMInIs hortI I
serVIs VIrgo faVe, qVjeqVe sInIstra CaVe. / " I7°9
My careful search at Hildesheim was not rewarded by the dis-
covery of any more chronograms there.
Minister in Westphalia, a place celebrated for many stirring
events in history, none of which, however, did I find to be commemo-
rated in chronograms ; but these I did find and transcribe there —
f
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 45
In the Cathedral, the monument of Ferdinand, Free-Baron of
Plattenburg, Dean of the Cathedral, etc etc., has an inscription
which says that he was born in 1650, and died in 1712, an example
of all virtues ; concluding with these chronograms —
CVnCta MVnDI bona transIre. = 17 12
soLa CoeLestIa In jEternVM DVrare. = 1712
ne properes VIator sIste, DeVote Lege, ConteMpLare. = 1712
et pIe DefVnCto reqVIeM preCare. = 17 12
The monument consists of a fine group in white marble of Christ's
agony in the garden, and subscriptions are invited for putting it into
good order and repair.
Another monument, at present obstructed by scaffolding, and
covered with the dust of works of restoration now in progress in the
Cathedral, bears an inscription to the memory of one of the noble
family of Droste, and this chronogram, to be read with difficulty —
oCtobrIs seXtVs LVXIt soL ante CaLenDas ) =
qVo CeLeber Leto Droste potItVs obIt. J "" x594
The following are in the church of St Ludger, inscribed on the
brackets, which support statues of life size. That of St Barbara
bears —
s. Barbara eIne IVngfraV aVCh eIne MartIrIn In sterben
1st eIne patronIn VnD besChVtzerIn. = 1735
That of St John bears this, and the names of the donors —
praCVsorI DoMInI ILLIVsqVe baptIsta posVerVnt, = 1731
F. F. Wettendorff. M. C. W. Zumbrock. Conjuges.
That of St Joseph with the child Jesus, bears this —
VIro MarLe VIrgInIs et nVtrItIo IesV ChrIstI DICabant, = 1731
F. F. Wettendorff. M. C. W. Zumbrock. Conjuges.
There are some other statues without such inscriptions.
Over the door of a church attached to the ' Clemens Hospital,'
built by the bishop, Clement-Augustus — l
pro perennI Verm MIserICorDLe sIgno eXpensIs sVIs
erIgebat aVgVstVs baVarI^e prInCeps pater patrIm. = 1 75 1
And over the door inside the church is this verse —
aVgVstos aVgVsta DeCent nVnC ConCInIt orbIs \ _
ConVenIt aVgVsto hmC fabrICa DIgna sVo. j I7SI
i.e. For a perpetual sign of true pity \ and at his own expense, Augustus,
Prince of Bavaria, the father of his country, erected this church. — The
world now agrees that august things become august persons ; it is gener-
ally agreed that this building is worthy of its own Augustus.
** At Hesse-Cassel I found no chronograms in churches or other
public places, and in the Museum only I procured the following,
copying from the medals contained in glass cases, inconveniently
placed for my purpose. I must say, after some experience, that bad
light outside, and worse light inside the building, awkward glass
1 This bishop Clement- Augustas is mentioned at a later page in this volume. See index.
46 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
cases, hurry, custodians waiting about to shut up the museum after
the easy attendance of two hours, besides the constant influence of
beautiful and attractive objects all around, do not aid one's endeavours
to transcribe the minute legends stamped on medals, only one side of
which can be seen.
A medal to a Bishop of Wurzburg and Mayence—
Ioan: phILLIp. pranC. ep. herbIpoLIen: s.r.1. pr: fr: or.
DVX. PRiEPO. Moa =1771
Another medal, with device of the aloe plant (See also Chrono-
grams, p. 132.)— MVnDI sIC transIt gLorIa LenIs. = 1710
Another medal represents a woman in a triumphal chariot, one
hand supporting a shield with the badge of Mayence, a wheel, the
other hand holding a key, opposite to her a cock with outspread
wings, on one is the wheel of Mayence, on the other is a key;
inscribed —
proVIDentIa CVM sorte CLaVIs et rotje.1
Exergue—' Moguntiae. 8 Jvl. 1763 — Wormatiae 1. Mart
1763/
Another very large medal. In the centre a cartouche or shield
containing this double chronogram —
Ita DeCoratVs aMICI tItVL: = 1764
In Deo si VeLIt Constans reqVIesCaM. = 1764
and in the circumference, — * Ludovicus VIII. D.G. H assise
Landgravius s.r.i. princeps/ etc. ' Francisco Theresiae
Josepho Austria stirpi devotissimus.' And portrait
Another medal represents the sacrifice of a lamb on an altar, and
sVsCIpIens aonVM pro DeLICto. lev. xiv. 24. = 1763
and in the exergue —
Data sVnt ILLI InCensa MVLta. apoc. viii. 3. = 1763
Another medal, shield of heraldic arms, inscribed —
fIDes spes CharItas tres anChor* saLVtIs Mem. = 1758
Another medal, St Martin of Tours dividing his robe with a
beggar, inscribed —
sVb DeI VoLentIs et MartInI aVspICIIs sanVs fIt
IVBlLiEVs. ^ =s 1740
Exergue— Benedict, xiv. Pontifex Maximus.
Another medal represents St. Martin on horseback and the beggar
(the principal church in Cassel is dedicated to this saint)—
Deo, noVo GesarI; IMperIo aVstrLe et fratrIbVs sVIs
IVbILaVs IVbILat. = 1745
Another medal, a woman looking upwards at rays proceeding from
the sky, inscribed —
beneDICtIo CceLI sIt sVper Me. = 1759
1 This seems to be defective ; possibly other chronogrammatic words are on the other,
the invisible, side of the medal.
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 47
Another medal is inscribed —
annos . per . CentVM . DVrat . paX . Ista . VIgetqVe . ) = g
reLLIgIonIs . opVs . spargIte (in exergue) thVrapII. J I74
' Confirm : Aquisgran : (Aix-Ia-Chapette) MDCCXLVIII.,
The device is an altar with Christian emblems, on one side a female
figure of ' Faith/ and on the other side people kneeling. This relates
to the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle of 1748 between England, France,
Holland, Austria, Spain, Sardinia, and Modena, which terminated the
war respecting the succession of Maria Theresa to the Empire.
A large medaL View of a city fortified, in foreground two quarrel-
some birds holding a Maltese cross, above all a label inscribed, and
the chronogram — x
VICINA LIBERA CONCORS.
CrVX eqVItVM eXCrVCIat prVssos: prVtena poLona ) _
hanC AQVILiE eXCVtIVnt: reXqVe saLVsqVe regant. j I754
Another medal, on a Reformation festival, 15th October —
Iezt kan sICh regenspVrg Von neVn ) =
Des eDLen Worts VnD gLaVbens freVen. j "~ x'42
Another Reformation jubilee medal represents an angel in glory —
paX erIt en paLMas CaroLo Donante qVIetas. = 17 17
ALTERA SOLEMNlS IVBlLAEl eCCLesI^E EVANGELIC^.
CeLebratIo. = 17 1 7
Another medal on a Reformation jubilee, the device represents
the 'new Jerusalem.' It was in 15 17 that Luther began his opposi-
tion to the system of the Romish religion —
InsIgnIa DICta sVnt De te CIVItas DeI. ps. lxxxvii. 3. = 17 17
In exergue — DeVs In ea non MoVebItVr. ps. xlvi. 5. =1517
This last date is that of a prominent movement in Luther's career.
Another medal. Device, two arms with the hands joined above
a pedestal, with pax religiosa on a scroll, and
ILLo Dante hoC fIrMante. = 1702 ) =
In exergue — stabILIs erIt. = 53 / 7"
Another represents a town on either side of a river, and a bridge
between — d. xxviii. sept.
In reCorDatIoneM paCIs RELIdoSiE. = 1755
From a book lent to me by Dr. Friedr. Rolle at Homburgx describ-
ing the town of Marburg in Styria, I transcribed the following chrono-
grams. The book is entitled ' Marburger Taschenbuch fur geschichte
Landes-und Sagenkunde der Steirmark und der an dieselbe greuzen-
den Lander von I*. Rudolf Gustav Puff.'— Graz. 1854.
Page 59. On a crucifix in the chapel of St Wolfgang —
Hie reverenter salutetur Maria Mater Dei,
Caros Meos eXaVDIs CLIentes. = 1767
1 This medal is partly explained in Chronograms, p. 186. The date is when the
inhabitants of the Prussian provinces, weary of the oppression of the Teutonic Order,
declared themselves subjects of Poland.
48 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
Page 70. Inscribed on a newly-built parochial house —
HjeC jeDes In VsVM paroChI, VIrIbVs VnItIs fVerat
eXstr VXta. = 1 7 6 1
Page 95. Over the portal of a house of a Carthusian monastery —
noMen IesV ChrIstI beneDICat nos pIe Intrantes. = 1711
Page 130. In the parish church of Reifnigg, over the organ, to
commemorate the restoration of the church —
Deo VnI et trIno atqVe beato BARraoLoMiEO eXstrVIt )
popVLVs reIfnI Censes. J X'4Q
Page 150. At a country church at Draubung on Windischgratz,
over the principal door —
hoC tIbI sanCte petre oMnIs honor et DeCVs. = 1808
From another book lent to me by the same owner, entitled 'Gratz,'
by Dr. Gustav Shreiner, Gratz, 1843, descriptive of the natural history
and topography of the country round about that town ; with many
engravings.
Page 177. In the cathedral church, over the entrance door, is the
music gallery, and the arms of Count Dietrichstein, Cardinal-bishop of
Olmutz, the faithful councillor of Ferdinand 11. when he fought against
the Bohemian Protestants, and this inscription —
ferDInanDVs sVa benIgnItate ereXIt, ) = 6g,
LeopoLDVs gLorIose ornaVIt. j ~"
And this further inscription beneath —
eLapsIs DVCentIs annIs ferDInanDVs, ) g
Cesar gLorIose VIVens, ornarI IVssIt. J "~ 34
Page 182. The year of the death of the Emperor Ferdinand 11. —
ferDInanDVs seCVnDVs pIe VIXIt pIe obIIt. = 1637
Page 196. Bishop Count-Lamberg consecrated the church of the
Augustine monastery according to this inscription thereon —
ConseCrabat epIsCopVs LaMberg LVCe sanCto kILIano
sIbIqVe soLennI. = 1721
Page 201. At Gratz, over the door of the Ursuline nunnery —
Lares soCIarVM DIVae VrsVLae. sb 1722
Page 269. At Gratz, over the entrance door of a church —
sanCta Mater anna InterCeDe pro nobIs. = 1702
Page 284. At Gratz, the church of the Carmelite nuns was built,
and a statue of the Virgin was placed over the door, with this inscrip-
tion of the date —
VIrgInI DeIpar* et Casto sponso, atqVe seraphICe ) __ ^ ,
theresLe eXstrVCtVM. J " l*S°
Page 286. On the hill overlooking Gratz is the cemetery and the
Calvarienberg, where there is a chapel and three crosses with this
inscription —
hoC anno tres CrVCbs a parents ferDInanDo C0LL0- \ A~
Cat*. }- l6°6
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS. 49
This part of an inscription on the tomb of a benefactor gives the
date —
sepVLChrVM Vero GhrIstI fIerI feCItqVe posVItqVe ) _ A
fILII LIberaLItas oCtaVa IVnII. f - l054
And this gives the name and date of another benefactor—
IoannIs gabrIeLIs MasChWanDer. = 1664
Another benefactor is thus named and dated —
baronIs DepVtatI stYrIjE anno seCVnDo seD YItm sViE ) _ 6
qVInqVIes seXto terqVInato. J ~~ I 54
The three crosses having been injured by lightning in 1 763, were
repaired by the ' brotherhood ' in the year —
fVLMen DeIeCIt, CongregatIo reparaVIt. = 1764
At the back of the Calvary church an altar is inscribed —
gratIa pLena DeI Mater affLICtos reCrea. = 1803
Page 500. At the Carthusian monastery church, where Ottocar v.,
of the family of Traungauer, is buried —
hIC IaCet (sic) ottoCar MarChIo stYrLe, Ioanna 1 ,
kVnIgVnth ConIVnX, et ottoChar pIVs fILIVs. f ~ I097
Another book was lent to me by the same owner, from which I
gather the following. The title of the book is in German, to this
effect: CA new travel-book in Austria, Salzburg, and the Austrian
lakes. By Dr. Franz Sartori. Leipsic, 181 2.'
Vol. i. p. 36. At Gaden, in the vicinity of Vienna, to the memory
of a Venetian sculptor buried there —
Ioannes gIVLLIanII VenetVs sCVLptor InsIgnIssIMVs ) _
hIC LoCI In paCe qVIesCIt. J - *744
Also this to the memory of another Italian sculptor, whose works
are there —
VIator preCes sIbI aVet parVas MagnVs artIfeX )
pICtor prInCeps haC In sCrobe qVIesCIt In paCe. / ~~ 1745
Vol ii. "p. 135. A festival procession was held in 1756 by the
people at Judenburg, to commemorate a great conflagration at the
pilgrimage church near Renneveg in Carinthia ; this chronogram marks
the occasion (I find it thus) —
MarLb ob a Versa benIgne IgnIs perICVLa senatVs ) 6
popVLVsqVe IVDenbVrgknsIs fIerI IVssIt. / ~" I7^
At Brussels, when journeying homeward, I visited an ancient
building, the Port du Hal, which should be inspected by tourists at
every opportunity, together with the interesting collection of anti-
quities which it contains ; I took note of one thing at least that I
had never seen before, either there or in any other collection or
library, — it is in the second-floor room, and numbered 23. q, — an old
frame containing a large paper sheet printed (' a broadsheet'), with a
broad border of flowers in colour added, surrounding Latin verses,
fifty lines or more, with an introduction thus — ' Amplissimo clarissimo-
que viro Domino Christophoro Robert in alma universitate Lovan-
G
50 IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
ensi, Juris utriusque antecessori primario, augustae nationis Germanic©
protectori meritissimo electo die Martii mdccxlvii.' Then follow
the verses, concluding with this hexameter and pentameter ' Chrono-
distic' —
CLare forI prInCeps LVMenqVe saLVsqVe LYCeo, \ = 7
TEVtONIG* EXORERls STELLA BENlGNA tVm. J 747
Applaudit augusta natio Germanica.
The verses are complimentary to a German student, Christopher
Robert, who took a degree in law at Louvain University in 1747.
Observe that the letter Y counts = 2.
At Brussels the new church of St Catharine should be visited ;
it is vast, heavy, and peculiar in its style of architecture. I observed
therein hanging on the wall, at the right side of the western entrance,
a devotional picture, dark and obscure for want of proper cleaning ;
beneath it is the following chronogram in the Flemish language ; the
whole seems to have been removed from another and much older
building —
tTer s ChrIst aLs Ian Van LoVen hIer op Dese pLaetse, ) _ 6
De sesthIen heYLIghe hostIen heeft gestoLen. j ^ 9
i.e. The year of Christ when John of Louvain stole the sixteen holy
wafers.
This evidently denotes the robbery of the sacred hosts at Brussels
in the year 1370, particularly narrated in Chronograms, pp. 262-283,
and at a subsequent page of this present volume.
My own observations during the tour of 1883 end here; but my
friend the Rev. R. Milbum Blakiston was moving about over some of
the same ground with his eyes open, and observed at the town of
Ypres in Belgium, at the ancient monastery of St. John, now the free-
school, three cannon balls built into the wall ; upon each of these
three projectiles is painted one syllable of the chronogram, DeLetI
MorInI,
De Le tI Mo rI nI. = 1553
and underneath is inscribed —
reparant hoC teMpore seDes. = 1600
The monks of St. John had originally their monastery near
Thenmanne ; it was destroyed, with the town, in 1583, and later they
obtained authority to establish themselves at Ypres. (See Chrono-
grams, p. 99, and the index of this present volume, ' Deleti,' etc., for
explanations.)
On the same good authority I am enabled to give a correct
version of two chronograms at the Guild houses at Brussels, which
were partly illegible on a previous occasion when I tried to copy them ;
the first reads in hexameter and pentameter verse —
qVas fVror hostILIs sVbVerterat IgnIbVs jeDes ) fi
sartor restaVrat prjEsIDIbVs qVe DICat. J "" 97
i.e. The house which hostile rage destroyed by fire, the tailor restores and
dedicates to the presidents of the guild.
IN SEARCH OF CHRONOGRAMS.
On the other house, at its summit —
CoMbVsta
InsIgnIor resVrreXI
eXpensIs
SEBASTIANS GVLDiE.
i.e. Being burnt, I have arisen more distinguished at the expense of
Sebastian's guild.
Saint Sebastian was the patron-saint of archers.
The reader is referred to Chronograms, p. 49, for my first notice
of these two inscriptions, which may now be seen, and are easily
legible, on the front of the two guild-houses, commemorating the
rebuilding at the respective dates.
5i
= 1691
= 1 849
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
GERMANY, NETHERLANDS, Etc.
ONE of the following were collected by myself at the
places named ; I give them from the authorities quoted.
It is probable that some of them are now decayed, or
have been ' improved ' away.
At Bonn, on the Rhine, inscription on St. John's Hospital, com-
pleted in 1849. (Communicated by a friend from Bonn.)
fVnDaVIt pIetas
ereXIt ConCorDIa
perfeCIt fIDes
serVet paX et IVstItIa.
i.e. Piety founded it, Concord built it, Faith finished it, may peace and
justice preserve it.
At Vienna, a chapel on a bridge dedicated to St. John of
Nepomuk, was thus inscribed (Zedler, lvi.) —
DIVo IoannI gLorIoso seCLI thaVMatVrgo.
i.e. To the glorious Saint John, the miracle worker of this age,
Stade, near Hamburg. A destructive fire occurred here in 1659,
and again in 1682 ; on each occasion the spire of the church tower
was destroyed. Some one made the following chronogram thereon, a
play on ' Statu)/ the Latin name of the place, and other words forming
alliterations similar in sound or spelling. (Zedler, xxxix. 743) —
staDa stetIt stabILIs ) _
stanDo statIone seCVnDa. J
At Weimar a church was burnt ; it is mentioned in Zedler, vol.
lv. 1267, that an inscription containing this chronogram was put up to
commemorate the event, and the rebuilding by the Duke William iv. —
= 1720
1659
1 688
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 53
perDIDIt has jbDes faX saCras Igne nVper; = 1618
erIgIt at patrIa DVX gVILIeLMVs eas. = 1630
i.e. A torch lately destroyed this sacred building with fire ; but Duke
William builds it up for his country.
Tyrnau, in Hungary. It is related that in 1688 a citizen of
this place, named Nowaki, in revenge for some wrong, or neglect of
himself or his advice on some affairs, set fire to the town, and so
managed that while he himself was not injured the place was nearly
all destroyed. A certain poet marked the unlucky year by the follow-
ing verse (Zedler, xlv. 2218) —
qVo CLanDestIno WLCano nInIVe aD Instar ) =
CInCta, noVakIanas pLangIt tIrnaVIa teChnas. / ~"
i.e. Tyrnau, because surrounded by clandestine fire like unto Nineveh,
mourns for the artifices of Nowaki.
Trebnitz. Over the door of the church belonging to the
Nonnen-kloster at this place, there was this inscription. (See Zedler,
adv. 307)—
O . A . M . D . G.
HiEC ChrIstIna tIbI persoLVet LIMIna ChrIste. ) _ ,
faC Vt et aLbertI nos Cor VtrInqVe J Wet. J "" 9°
t\e. Christina will render these houses to thee, O Christ; Bring it to pass
that the heart of (Saint) Albert may aid us on all sides. (Christina
Catharina was abbess there from 1674 to 1699. The initial letters
preceding the chronogram stand for Omnipotenti ac magno Deo,
gloria)
At.Wolfenbiittel, in Brunswick, this was inscribed on one of
the public buildings to mark the date—
arX atqVe Vrbs gVeLphICa DeI aVXILIo et aVgVstI )
DVCIs ConsILIo post trIstIa et eXItIosa beLLa>= 1643:
restItVta atqVe restaVrata. j
ue. By the help of God, and through the wisdom of Duke Augustus, the
citadel and Guelphic city was re-established and restored after grievous
and destructive wars. (Zedler, lviii. 820.)
Zerbst, in North Germany, was once the seat of the princes of
Anhalt-Zerbst, who became extinct in 1793. The following couplet
denotes the death of one of them, who is mentioned in Zedler lxi.
159 1 as Carl Wilhelm, Furst zu Anhalt —
aVgVstVs MorItVr noster, terrasqVe reLInqVIt : ) _
CharVs anhaLtInVs DesInIt esse pater. j ~" x?42
i.e. Our Augustus is dead, he leaves the earth; the dear one of Anhalt
ceases to be our father.
The town of Zittau, in Saxony, was almost destroyed during
the Thirty Years' War, in the first half of the seventeenth century ; a
54 SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
long description of the rebuilding is given in Zedler's Universal
Lexicon, lxii., and, commencing at p. 1623, several chronograms are
recorded to commemorate some of the circumstances. This was put
up at the parish church, probably in connection with a clock or a sun-
dial, composed by the rector, * M. Christ Keimann ' —
Index horarum, campana, aevique fugacis
Per me te memorem mors jubet esse sui,
parta tVas paX zItta Lares et saXonIs VMbra ) g
et Verbo eDIo (sic) profLVa VIta beet. [ """ 49
The choir of the church at Zittau had been protected by an iron
grille in 1544, in remembrance whereof this couplet was inscribed on
a pillar adjoining the spot —
CLatratVs ChorVs est tVM Vrbano ConsVLe ferro ) _
ter soL aprILI et bIs qVater ortVs VbI est. / """ l***
i.e. The choir was guarded by an iron lattice when Urban was Consul;
the day three and twice four (the nth) of April was the time (of its
removal).
This couplet was composed by the rector Tobias Schnuren, and
put up in the parish church on the completion of some works of
repair, — 'Anno Domini 1563 renovatum est hoc templum,' etc
etc. —
est saCra pICtVrIs /eDes ornata sVperbIs, ) _ ,
soLa fIDes ornet peCtora sanCta preCor. — T. S. J — *5 4
i.e. This sacred edifice was adorned with superb paintings, I pray that
faith alone may adorn holy minds.
This was inscribed on the building of the public school, the
Gymnasium at Zittau, to mark the date of the repairs —
sChoLas tVerIs posterIs ) __ ,^
DeVs benIgno nVMIne. J ~ I0°9
The following wish was inscribed in the catalogue of the town-hall
library (' folgenden Wunsch dem catalogo einzuverlieben ') —
IoVa VeLIt porro phILaDeLphos MIttere nobIs. = 1665
After the siege of Zittau a tower was repaired and inscribed with
these verses —
McenIa DVX saXo qVatIens HiEC eXIgIt hostes, = 1644
rVrsVs DVX refICIt McenIa saXo sVIs; = 1644
saXona IoVa DVCeM zIttjEqVe tVere penates ) ,
et prohIbe a nobIs aspera qVoqVe rogo. J 44
i.e. The Saxon Duke shaking these walls drove out the enemies, again the
Saxon Duke repaired the walls for his own people ; I pray, O Jehovah,
do thou watch over Saxon affairs, the Duke, and the ' Penates * of Zittau,
and ward off calamities from us.
The period of the siege of Zittau was denoted by this distich to
have been in early summer time —
soLIs Vt iESTlFERO DeCVrrerat orbIta CanCro \ _ *
zIttaVLb sVperIs IaCLa parata CaDVnt. J ~" l032
An inscription was put up in the Church of the Holy Cross at
Zittau, recording its destruction in 1643, 'te restoration in 1651, and
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 55
its completion under the auspices of the magistrates of the town ; this
chronogram gives the final date —
PVX eXerCItWM zItanIs VsqVe faVkto. = 1653
Le. O Leader of armies, do thou constantly befriend the people of
Zittau.
Another church, according to an inscription, was built in 1510,
destroyed in 1643, rebuilt in 1651, and repaired in 171 2; the inscrip-
tion concluded with this aspiration for its future safety —
DoMInVs ConserVet In paCe. = 17 12
Le. May the Lord preserve it in peace.
It is mentioned of another church at Zittau that, after the termina-
tion of the Thirty Years1 War in 1648, it was generally repaired in
1 654-1655, and an ornamented gate was erected bearing this somewhat
obscure inscription —
C.S.
Una dies homines latet observentur ut
omnes proinde
Mors CLaDes aV! =1655
eitelkeit.
In the neighbourhood of Zittau rises the Oybin, a lofty wooded
sandstone rock, in shape resembling a bee-hive and crowned with the
highly picturesque ruins of a monastery and a castle curiously combined.
The castle, a robber's stronghold, was destroyed by the Emperor
Charles iv., who founded the monastery on its site in 1369. The
latter was deserted in 1545 by the Celestine Monks who had occupied
it, and was destroyed by 'fire in 1577 and 1681. The church of 1384
with its lofty gothic arches, some of which show remains of beautiful
tracery, is the best preserved part These particulars are taken from
Baedeker's handbook. It is related in Zedler, xxv. 2573, Art. * Oxbin,'
that a building at the monastery founded by Charles iv., bore the
following inscription ; supposing it to have been cut contemporaneously
with the date, it is an early example of chronogram. The letters d are
not counted, and that is suggestive of a Flemish origin for the inscrip-
tion and a later date for its being made.
CcenobIVM karoLVs hoC CondIdIt IndVperator. = 1369
i.e. The Emperor Charles built this monastery.
Stralsund, a seaport town in Pomerania, lies on the Straelsund, a
strait two miles wide which separates the island of Riigen from the
mainland. The town is entirely surrounded by water (formerly lakes
and marshes), being connected with the mainland by three bridges only ;
it was founded in 1209, and soon attained to such prosperity that in
the fourteenth century it was second in importance among the Han-
seatic towns on the Baltic. The citizens adopted the reformed faith
at an early period, and were therefore on the side of Sweden during
the Thirty Years' War. In 1628, aided by Swedish and Danish vessels,
they gallantly defended their town against Wallenstein, the general of the
imperial forces, who had sworn to take it ' though it had been attached
56
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
by chains to heaven,' but was compelled to abandon the siege after
sustaining a loss of above 12,000 men. By the peace of Westphalia
in 1648, the town, together with the province of Vor-Pomem and {he
island of Riigen, was ceded to Sweden, to which, notwithstanding its
capture by the Elector Frederick William of Brandenburg in 1678, and
by the Prussians, Danes, and Saxons in 17 15, it continued to belong
down to 181 5, when it became Prussian.
These particulars will help to explain what I find in one of the
twenty tracts contained in a volume in the British Museum, labelled
' Tractatus de rebus literariis.' (Press-mark 819. f. 26. Tract 2.) The
title is * Programma tertium ex doctis Westphalis Mindenses,' etc., by
Johannes Ludolphus Bimemann, 17 16; in which the writer, having
alluded to the events at Stralsund down to 1678, adds this note, con-
taining good chronograms of 1 7 1 5, and a somewhat obscure epigrammatic
anagram on the name of the place, in hexameter and pentameter verse —
Praeter carmen de Stralsunda nuperrima deditione impressum,
fingebam eodem tempore sequentia, quae eodem pertinent et tempus
deditionis ostendunt :
Ipso soLstItIo straLsVnDa arCtata regI borVssLe se
DeDebat. =
IM soLstItIo ergab sICh straLsVnD an preVssens konIg. =
stralsvnda, per anagr: dans lvstra.
o stralsvnda ut eras Sueco dans lvstra leoni
Sic et eris Prusso et Dano dans lvstra leoni.
svnda, per anagr: nvdas vndas danvs.
Num danvs nvdas circum te possidet vndas?
Urbem svnda tuam nomine danvs habet.
i.e. Besides the verses recently printed about the surrender of Stralsund,
I appended the following at the same time, which relate to the same
event and shoiu the period of the surrender:
At the summer solstice Stralsund being encompassed surrendered to
the King of Prussia.
(The German line has the same meaning.)
The anagram loses its effect by translation ; in fact, obscurity is the
result of any translation of a play upon words which are themselves
somewhat obscure.
1 Stralsund,9— by anagram, — 'giving marshes9 O 'Stralsund,' as you
were 'giving marshes9 to the Swedish lion, so also you will be 'giving
marshes 9 to the Danish lion.
1 The strait] — by anagram,— ' deserted waters Dane9 Does the
1 Dane9 possess the * deserted waters' around thee ? The 'Dane9 hath
thy city, ' Sunda 9 by name.
The allusions seem to be pointed at the marshy or watery position
of the town; the word 'Lustra' will bear this meaning. Lustrum,
i.e. a slough, bog, morass, a haunt of wild beasts, sciL of the Lion of
Sweden or of Denmark.) Observe how the words of the anagram are
dragged into the verses, which were no doubt much appreciated
1715
1715
i6oi
I";
I •
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 57
Mayence. In the Bodleian Library, several thick 40 volumes
(press-mark, Meerman 415.), ' Codex Diplomatics, sive anecdotorum
res Moguntianas Francicas Trevirenses Colonienses Finitimorumque
regionum, eta etc' By Valentinus Ferdinandus. Frankfort and
Leipsic, 1747. Vol. ii. p. 831, Inscriptions in Mayence Cathedral —
'Hie jacet Elector princeps Wolffgangus' (Archbishop of May-
ence), who reigned 3 lustra and 4 years, and died ' anno aetatis lxiii.,'
in the year indicated only by this chronogram —
prInCeps eLeCtor qVInto VVoLffgangVs aprILIs ) =
MortaLI eXVtVs Corpore In astra VoLat. j "*
Page 835. Epitaph of Damianus Hartardus von der Leyen,
Archbishop of Mayence, born 2d March 1624, elected 3d July 1675,
died 6th December 1678, concludes thus —
In Carne Ista VIDebo saLVatoreM, qVje Vna spes post • jj
fata sVperest. =1678
Page 848. Epitaph of Bemardus k Gablentz, archipresbyter,
who died at the age of 55, 'Cujus anima Deo vivat,' in the year thus
indicated — Ioannes bernarDVs obIt, nVnC eXtera feLIX
seCVLa De gabLenz InsIgnI stIrpe CapesCens. = 1592
Page 850. Epitaph of Henricus Ferdinandus (free-baron) von
der Leyen ; it is very long, and ends thus —
Mors eIVs pretIosa In ConspeCtV DeI. =1714 \ \
Page 857. Epitaph of Margareta of Bellersheim and Riedersheim •
concludes with these lines, giving the date of her death, 15th June : i
1653— i
si tIbI neC VItje, neC fatI teMpora Constant, ) __ , j
CoLLIge per LongIs arte notata notIs. / J5 3 j ,
Luces adde decern Juni septemque Calendis
Utque anima vivat, saepe precare Deo. i
Page 887. Epitaph of Gasparus Schmidternus of Aschaifenburg . !
thus eulogises the deceased and marks the date — Unum hominem
mors extinxit sed in uno homine multas virtutes, magnas laudes ccelo |
posteritati consecravit . . . Vixit annos 37 obit 1607, 13 Dec. — j
sIC VIXIt nostro gaspar sChMIternVs In orbe, ^ i
Vt fato eXtInCtVs VIVeret orbe aLIo. I = , j 1
oternat bona VIta, abeVnt bona Cetera : feLIX I J
post fata Vt pergas VIVere, VIVe bene. j ^
The epitaph of the Rev. Simon Bagen, secretary to the Arch-
bishop, ends thus, without any other date — Frater superstes amoris
ergo posuit
qVInta DIes IVnII perfregIt fILa sIMonIs. = 1562
ANNO iETATIS, 46.
Erfurt. In some of the towns of Germany and Austria there
are churches which are commonly called Scotch churches, a term that
is good as an indication of their origin. In the tenth and eleventh ,
centuries Scotch Benedictines, exiles from their own country, being ,
pious men and good teachers, were encouraged by the Princes of
1
58 SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
Germany, and convents were accordingly established by them at
Ratisbon, Wiirzburg, Vienna, Erfurt, and other places, and their
patron saint was usually St. James. The Scotch church at Ratisbon
is a building of great antiquity, and contains some chronogrammatic
inscriptions ;l and that at Erfurt has been distinguished by a medal,*
of which the Society of Antiquaries possess an original impression,
I do not know of any duplicate of it. The church, as we find from
independent authority, was founded in 1036, and attached to a
' cloister ' for Scotch Benedictine monks, by Count Walter Glitzberg ;
it was restored about 700 years after, when a new front was added.
On the obverse of the medal is seen this new west front, in the
4 Italian ' style of architecture, and this inscription — ecclesia jacobi
scotorum erfurti. The reverse has only this inscription —
^VaLtherVs gLItzberg pro sCotIs ConstrVIt jeDes I ^
enItet InsIgnIs ConIVgIs hIC pIetas. J °3
atqVe HiEC septIngentIs annIs eCCLesIa DVrat: hInC ) =
noVa fIt faCIes pVLChrIor InDe nItet. j 73°
i.e. Waiter Glitzberg built this church for the Scotch, the piety of his
wife shines conspicuously here. And that church lasted 700 years from
the time : the new front is made, and from this time forth it shines more
beautifully. It will be seen that by adding to the original date of
1036, the period of about 700 years for which the church had stood
(say 694 years), we get the date of the restoration, etc., 1730, found
in the second part of the chronogram ; the difference of 6 years was
probably occupied about the work.
Mechlin. Two volumes 40 (British Museum, press-mark 156
e. 12.) contain a collection of monumental and other inscriptions
in the churches of the city and province of Mechlin. The title is,
' Provincie, Stadt, ende District van Mechlen opgeheldert In haere
Kereken, Kloosters, Kapellen, Gods-huysen, Gilden, publieke
Plaetsen,' etc. etc. Brussels, 1770. The inscriptions are very
numerous and elaborately printed ; a small proportion of them contain
the chronograms following; a few others are omitted, as they are
given in my former book on this subject.
At page 84 of Volume i. In the Cathedral at Mechlin; the
whole inscription gives the year ; there are no figures but the day of
the month —
henrICVs CooLs, presbIter, \
UbI VIXIt prjEfeCtUs ChorI GereMonIIs, I
InIbI pIUs, soporatUr : >= 1629
tU VIator pIIs VotIs rIgato I
I, et Ita seqUere. j
15. 9BRIS.
i.e. Henry Cools, priest, prefect of the choral ceremonies while living,
now sleeps herein ; do thou weep, O traveller, and with pious vows depart,
and in like manner follow him.
1 See Chronograms, p. 78. * Size, li inch.
I-
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 59
At page 138. Also in the Cathedral, inscribed to commemorate
the visit of King Louis the Fifteenth of France, the date is contained
in the chronogram, but not expressed in figures —
Perenni memoriae
IDIbUs MaII
In tUrrIs hUJUs fastIgIo }= 1746
stetIt franCLe aC naVarr^e reX;
Sole sub occiduo, summo hoc in culmine Turris
Sol alter Maiis idibus exoritur
LUDOVICUS xv.
i.e. To perpetual memory. — On the ides of May (the 15M), Louis XV.,
King of France and Navarre, stood on the summit of this tower; the
sun being under the west (at sunset). Another sun arises at the summit
of this tower on the 15th of May.
At page 165, In the Collegiate Church at Mechlin, over an
altar —
aLtare DIVlNiE sYnaXI eXtrUCtUM. = 1690
At page 197. In the same church, the epitaph of -dEgidius de
Grauw, and of his son Franciscus, concludes thus, the only indication
of the date —
FEROX LlBlTlNA LUGENTE NATO \ _ ft
patreM e VIVIs sUstULIt IDIbUs IanUarII. f " I7°°
At page 193. The epitaph of Peter Scheppers concludes thus, the
only indication of the date —
breVIs VItjE DIes MortaLIbUs I = l6
ConstItUtUs, qUI prjEterIrI neqUIt. j 94
At page 395. In the parish church of Hanswyck, at Mechlin,1 the
epitaph of Peter Luytelaer concludes thus, without any other date —
Obiit Jubilarius 3. Martii
pIe IesU ConCeDe IpsI reqUIeM. = 17 15
At page 402. This is inscribed over a door of the cloister of Hans-
wyck Church, at Mechlin —
DoMUs hansWICana 1 6g
sUb beatI aUgUstInI regULa. j ^
ie. The house (monastery) of Hanswyck under the rule of the blessed
Saint Augustin.
At page 18 of vol. ii. Over an altar in the Minorite Church, to
mark the date of its dedication —
1 This church owed its existence to a statue of the Virgin, which is said to have floated
up the river against the stream by miraculous agency till it stopped and remained fixed at
the spot where the church, which was built in consequence, now stands. This was not the
only miracle performed by the image, for it obtained such a high repute for curing all kinds
of maladies, that the weak and devout made pilgrimages to it from far and near. The image
exists no longer, having been destroyed by sacrilegious hands when the army of the Con-
federates, under Oliver Temple, in 1580, took and pillaged the city.
60 SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
D . O . M .
ET
VIrgInI MatrI DoLoROSiE
plo affeCtU kXtrUXIt.
(Here follow the names, etc, of the benefactor.)
At page 82. In an oratory of the Jesuits —
I = 1691
ChrIsto Deo )
>n —
}■
1671
MortIs InfernIqUe >= 1716
VICtorI. )
At page 121. In the church of Saint Catherine in the Grand Begui-
nage at Mechlin,1 over an altar, to mark the date of its dedication —
Deo.
DeIpaile . DIVIs .
aLeXIo . CatharInjE .
ET . BEGGiE . ARA . POSlTA.
At page 158. Over the entrance-door of the little Beggyn-hof1
(Beguinage), indicating the one thousandth year from its foundation —
begInasIa J
MILLe annIs fUnData >= 1666
IUbILat. J
At page 227. Inscription at the church of Liliendael —
Op den dagh Augusti twintich twee
Meuter en steen zynde hier al ree :
gIsbertUs MUtsaert proost tot LeLIenDaeL. = 1662
Heeft van de niewe Kerck
Gheleyt den eersten steen.
Den tweeden leghden op dit pas
Die hier Vrouw Priorinne was
eLYsabeth Van beke, MeDe het Con Vent. = 1662
Een-iegelyck met eyghen hant
Heeft hier oock eenen steen geplant.
At page 228. Over an altar in the same church —
IbI VULnera, IbI 1 _ rhA
Ubera paCant DeUM. J "" I074
Inscribed under the statue of Saint Norbert, the patron saint of
the monastery. See book Chronograms, pp. 251, 254 —
VaLLIs LILIorUM PRiEsIDI. = 17 15
And in the cloister —
VreDe DaLe, oVer LeLIenDaLe. = 171 1
At page 234. Inscription at the Apostle's Church. The words
express the same date as do the chronogram letters —
1 A sisterhood so called from heggen% to beg, or from Saint Begga, who existed (or died)
a.d. 689. The former is probably the correct derivation, although the sisterhood is not now
one of the mendicant orders. These institutions are of very ancient foundation in some of
the Flemish towns.
r
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 61
UYtgaen Van oCtober seVenthIen honDert ) =
seVen en De£tIgh, Is't kerCk-hof geWeYDt. j ~~ I737
At page 312. An inscription at the library in memory of its
inauguration concludes thus to give the date —
DIDICI IUDICIa IUstItLb. = 1719
Psal. cxviii. 7 (Vulgate version).
At page 352. The chapel of the Virgin Mary at the monastery of
Affiigem is mentioned ; it was founded by Gaspar Estrix and his wife,
as appears by these inscriptions there, on the tombs which he prepared
j in his lifetime —
eX CorDe eXtrUCtUM. = 1730
and
erIgebant VIrgInI MarLe pII \
! ConJUges gaspar estrIX, et >= 1730
anna CatharIna branDts. j
; and
d . o . m .
Vivus hanc mihi domum paravi,
in qui quiesco mortuus,
sum etenim hujus Sacelli Fundator,
GASPAR ESTRIX,
et
ANNA CATHARINA BRANDTS.
Scis jam, Viator, qui sim potius fuerim ;
j te verb in tenebris noscere nequeo :
; te ipsum verb ut noscas, rogo.
R . I . P.
! At page 392. Inscribed on the pedestal of a crucifix—
j In CrUCe DoMInL = 1708
j At page 394. Inscribed over the door and on other parts of the
j barracks erected at the public expense —
j In eenDraCht VoLMaeCkt. = 1756
! iERE pUbLICo ConDebant Me. = 1756
i Moneta pUbLICa ConDIta. = 1757
! At page 437 two epitaphs are mentioned. One of Cornelius
Clynaerts, 3d September 17 13, concluding thus, giving the date of
that year twice —
MensCh WaeCkt t* Is tYD = 17 13
Want Moet In't Cort sCheYDen. = 17 13
bidt voor syn siele.
The other of Paulus de Schutter. The year of his birth is men-
tioned as 1685, that of his death is told by this chronogram —
precare lector
LUX perpetUa LUCeat I
eI JesU DoMIne. /"" I733
62 SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS.
At Binche, in Hainault From a tract, ' Essai historique et
descriptif sur des monuments du Hainault' By Leopold Devillers.
Mons, 1853. (British Museum, press-mark 10271. bb.) In the
church of St. Ursmar, at Binche, a monument in the chapel of the
saint is thus inscribed, ' d . o . m . Hoc sibi roonumentum posuit
reverendus admodum dominus Alexander Wolflfz hujus capituli
decanus et in supremis Hannoniae ordinibus deputatus VIta
DefUnCtUs ILLIbata prIDIe IDUs IUnII. r . i . p. = 1734
(No other date is given, it means 12th June.)
At Mons, in Hainault, extracted from 4 Memoire historique et
descriptif sur TEglise de Sainte Waudru, a Mons,' par Leopold
Devillers. Mons, 1857. (British Museum, press-mark 1732. a.)
At page 73, an altar dedicated to Saint Ghislain is inscribed —
aLtare \
sanCto ghIsLeno > = 1807
DICatUM. j
Saint Ghislain est particulierement invoque*, avec beaucoup de
confiance, par les femmes qui sont sur le point de mettre au monde.
On a aussi recours k lui pour les maladies des enfants.
It is related that, on 2d May' 145 1, the eighth chapter of the order
of the Golden Fleece was held at the church of Saint Waltrude (Sto
Waudru) at Mons, the Duke Philip the Good, of Burgundy, presid-
ing. Du Bossu relates, at page 148 of his History of Mons, that
Philip the next morning celebrated a solemn service in the chapel of
the Hotel Naast, for the rest of the souls of the deceased brethren of
the order, and a very considerable offering was made there for the
benefit of the church. Vinchant has preserved the following chrono-
grams on the event (the letters d=soo are not counted) —
dVX LIgat heroes aVrato torqVe phILIppVs ) _
hIC VbI Montanos eXCoLIt hanno Lares. j 45
WaLtrVdIs Veras dedIt has eCCLesIa poMpas ) _
Cernere VIrgIneo qVm VIget VsqVe Choro. j "~ I*$I
i.e. The Duke binds the heroes with the golden chain, here where
Hainault worships the household gods of Mons. — The church of Saint
Waltrude has afforded us a sight of this pomp, which church flourishes
continually with its virgin choir.
A monument in the same church, to George Aupatin, bears this
inscription —
DoMInVs georgIVs aVpatIn 1 , ,
ConsILIarIVs. J" i07°
Icy gist George Aupatin vivant conseiller
du roy en son conseil ordinaire a Mons
fils d'honorables personnes Pierre et DacUe Margte
Plovvier decede" le 20 7^
1676. Priez Dieu pour son ame.
r
SOME LOCAL CHRONOGRAMS. 6$
georgIVs aVpatIn bIs Dena ) = , ^
LVCe septeMbrIs obIVIt J '
os CVbat In geMItV DeVs ) = , ^
prqpItIVs es ab Igne LIbera. j" '
i.e. George Aupatin departed the 20th day of September, his bones lie in
sorrow. O God, thou art merciful, deliver him from the fire {pur-
gatory).
A tablet, on a pillar adjoining the seat of the preacher, in the same
church, bears a long inscription to the memory of a priest, who is
indicated by the opening lines and the concluding chronogram. No
date is otherwise given. (The letters 0=500 are not counted.)
Icy gist le corps d'un Docteur
En son temps bon predicateur, etc.
Chronicon.
hIC IaCet egregIVs doCtor CarMeLI Ioannes 1 _
ferreI qVando IanI LVX trIna dena fVIt. J 54
i.e. Here lies John, a renowned doctor of the Carmelites, when it was
the thirtieth day of the iron January.
Another epitaph is dated thus, in words from Proverbs x. 21 —
Chronicon mortis :
LabIa IVstI erVDIVnt pLVrIMos. = 1625
i.e. The lips of the righteous feed many.
Another tablet in the same church bears this inscription —
Chronographique.
MargarIs has fato terras VenIente reLIqVIt ) = ^
POSSET Vt iETHEREO DEGERE VIVa POLo. J
ergo Vos natI et Vos gaVDete nepotes ) = j £ Q
HjeC naM pons VobIs In pIetate fVIt. J
Autre £nigmatique
Margaris ecclesiam supra, quae floruit intra
Ut rosa, nunc infra rosa requirit opem.
Conjugis unius thalamos experta jugales
Millia natorum sex superesse dedit
i.e. Margery left these lands when death came, that she might be able to
live in the ethereal heaven. Therefore do you, O sons and O grandsons,
rejoice, for she in her piety was your bridge (to eternal life).
The concluding epigram is obscure.
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
HE Austrian governors of the Netherlands were naturally
greeted and applauded by the magistrates and eccle-
siastics of the country, on their arrival to take upon
themselves the duties intrusted to them, and chrono-
grams were largely used to give emphasis to the various
forms of literary approach to their Highnesses. Many notable
examples are given in my former volume of Chronograms ; those
which now follow will constitute an important addition to what I
have already published. The several books quoted are either rare, or
else it is very difficult to find them out, or even to ascertain that such
treasures exist.
Albert and Isabella
Governor and Governess of the Netherlands.
A quarto volume of 130 pages, in the library of the Rev. Walter
Begley, bears this title —
PARNASSI BICIPITIS1
de pace vaticinia, Chronographicis,
Retrogradis, Acrostichis et Anagraramatis explicate
Libro duo :
Quorum Prior est de Induciis Belgicis, Posterior de rebus tempore
Induciarum gestis : Auctore Jodoco de Weerdt urbis Antverpianae
syndico. Antverpiae, ex officina Plantiniana mdcxxvi.
The first part of the work is in fact a second edition of a book
which is described in my book on Chronograms, at pp. 415-423,
under the title ' Concordiae Belgicae Panegyricus Parnassicus,' Ant-
werp, 1609. The author, De Weerdt, became aware of his error in
the first edition, in neglecting to count the letter d in his chrono-
grams, as a numeral =5 00. He therefore recast his original chrono-
grams (with a few exceptions) restoring the letter d to its value, and
printed the whole series at a subsequent period (the year 1626), in the
1 I consider myself fortunate in having become the owner of a copy of this work.
r
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
work now under our notice, adding thereto a second part as a further
panegyric to Albert and Isabella, and introducing sundry events in
the history of their career. This is the only instance I have met with,
of amends being made for injury to the letter d. The author's
explanation is contained in his address to his readers at the beginning
of the second part, and I have extracted it verbatim, at page 69, infra,
for the benefit of my readers.
Only the chronograms which have been so amended are transcribed
in the following extracts, the same explanations which I gave in
Chronograms, pp. 415-423, will apply to them and need not be
repeated here ; I have underlined all the words which the author has
altered or substituted in order to restore the letter d, for the sake of
comparison with the first edition ; the marginal figures are references
to the pages where I first put them into print.
[417] heLLje! peCorIs fVgIbns A VeLLerIs aXe,
IbatIn eVropa VeCtorIs LVCIDa phoebVs
sIDera, etc. etc. [in margin mdxcix.]
65
)■
I.
[417] aVspICIIs aLberte tVIs fera beLLa qVIesCVnt,
paX et LeX VenIant, IVstItIa, aLMa Ceres.
II.
DeCVrrVnt fVrLs CoCItI In stagna bIfrontIs
DVX IanI aVstrIaCVs fanaqVe CLaVsa tenet.
III.
arChIDVCes beLLIqVe abIgVnt oDIIqVe tIIrannos,
eXorIens Vt soL nVbILa LVCe fVgat.
IV.
aXIs erIt gLaDIVs, faLX CVspIs; CassIDe aratVr ;
QViE fVIt In beLLIs LanCea, VerrIt agros.
V.
LaVs ILLa aLberto, qVI beLLa et sVstVLIt, atqVe
DIsIVnCtos IVnXIt paCe, qVIete, fIDe.
VI.
[418] eXVLtent Isto, VIVant et prInCIpe beLgjE,
aVspICe qVo MartIs bVCCIna VbIqVe sILet.
[418] eXorItVr IanVs noWs js bona gaVDIa CVnCtIs
nVnCIat, InDICens SiECLA qVIeta fore.
SlDERlIS ASPECtV LeVIqrI, CERNlTVR iETHER
eCCe reDVX ; paX est sanCtaqVe IVstItIa.
1
1 599
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
66
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
III.
eXILIo appeLLata VenIt paX, eXVLat et Mars
VVLCanVs faber, et beLLICa persephone.
IV.
LVCIferVM seqVItVr soL, nVbes CLarIor abr ;
rIXas sIC pIa paX, trIstIa beLLa qVIes.
V.
faX beLLI eXtInCta est ; aLtIs sVnt tVrrIbVs Ignes,
hos feCIt paX, et paCIs aMICa qVIes.
[418] Constans VIta fVIt, Constans Mors, gLorIa Constans;
Vt sVpero Constans tV bonVs aXe CVbas.
IL
Vt CLarIs soCIanDVs aVIs reX astra phILIppVs
ConspICIt, erIgone soL tWs hospes aDbst.
VI.
[419] ItaLVs, et sICVLVs, LVsItanVs, beLgICa, IberI
MaVsoLea parant bVsta, preCesqVe tIbI.
[419] *dVX aLberte tIbI InferIor bona beLgICa CeDet
VXorIs CLarjE DosqVe erIt ILLa tV*.
ICCIa seD prIVs arX, ICta et sVperata CaLetI,
arDeaqVe, Vrbs hVLstI, LaVrea serta ferrnt.
LVX HiEC QViE bataVas VIDet aDVentare CarInas,
antVerpjE oCCIsIs r*C oVat et bataVIs.
fLanDrICVs aLCIDes antVerpjE spInoLa portVs
Vt serVet, fLVVIVs ponte reCLVsVs erIt.
te VICtrIX hIspana phaLanX DVCe VaDIt In Vrbes
ET POPVLOS FRisliE, LlNGlCA SEPTA CAPlT.
oLDenseLa DatVr, CerVICes fasCIbVs VLtr6
sVbIICIt, et Votq seqVe sVosqVe tVo.
[420] VVaChtentonCa rVIs, fortIsqVe CraCoVIa: spInIs
InVIa Magne tVIs spInoLa nVLLa VIa est.
groLLa reCepta fVIt, rVrsVs VeXata; seD hostIs
perCVLsVs CeCIDIt, te VenIente fVgIt,
berCa, seCVnDa ostenDa LICet foret eXtItIt a te
eXpVgnata, aVsIs VICta sVbaCta tVIs.
L
[420] CLara DeCorato LVX peLLIt ab abre nVbes,
antWerpae Vt portVs DVX spInoLa paCIfer Intrat.
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1598
= 1598
= 1598
= iS9»
= 159^
= 1605
= 1605
= 1605
= 1605
= 1605
= 1606
3= 1606
}=
1609
1 Here, although the chronogram has been recast, the small D is retained in this word.
r
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
II.
aVgVrIo aDVatICae eX VotIs, sIC beLLa fVgata
beLgIC^ rara qVIes eX Ista paCe reDIbIt.
I.
spInoLa te foLIIs CIngIt VICtorIa LaVrI;
paX qVoqVe; Ita DVpLeX L^ta Corona DatVr.
II.
[421] feLIX Mars erat, et feLIX VICtorIa; feLIX
paX patroCInIIs Ccepta, peraCta tVIs.
ConDVpLICant pLaVsVs, qVm tota brItannIa sanXIt
fceDera, et eX ILLIs LaVs tIbI Cara VenIt.
eXpeCtata IgItVr VenIet paX tertIa et ILLa
LaVDesqVe, et CVnCtIs gaVDIa perfICIet,
aCCIpe pIerIos fLores a paCIs honor e,
ManCICItor honos nobILIs hesperIae.
II.
CIVICa paX eXornat LaVro, aVroqVe phILIppVs,
qVI tenet hesperICI MartIa sCeptra soLI.
III.
eLIgIt aLbertVs prInCeps te, beLgICa honore
pLaCata attoLLet noMen ad1 astra feret.
te CeLebrant CIVes, prVDentIa, praXIs et VsVs,
et nVnC qVm eX faCta fceDera paCe VIgent.
II.
[422] tV fceDVs, beLLa eXosVs tot pVnICa, regI
sVasIstI, arChIDVCI, et battaVITTs popVLIs.
III.
hIC CarIes, VeL LIVor eDaX obLIVIa gestae
nVLLa reI InDVCent, VIVa sVperstes erIt.
[422] o VIr, VIVe DIV, ter CLaVDens ostIa IanI ;
ConCors, et feLIX, hIC bene VIVe, VaLe.
67
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
=* 1609
= 1609
= 1609
1 Here, although the chronogram has been recast, the small D is retained in this word.
68
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
II.
VoVIt Ita VerIs eX beLLI eXeMpta perICLIs,
et feLIX trIna beLgICa paCe frVens.
III.
franCIa te eXornat LaVrIsqVe brItannIa, oLIVa
beLgICa; naM CVrIs paX fVIt aCta tVIs.
I.
beLgICa DIV DIsCors fVIt eXItIaLIbVs astrIs ;
qVjr LVCtVs eXpers, fcenora paCIs habEt.
II.
InfeLIX VIDIt CIVILes beLgICa tVrbas,
qVm LaVtjE feLIX fceDere paCIs oVat.
III.
fVnVs erIt beLLI, eX CceLIs paX Chara reDIbIt,
LaVretI foLIIs paX raDIata CapVt.
IV.
nVLLa saLVs beLLI tIbI beLgICa, pLVrIMa paCIs :
eXoptata IgItVr paX Venerata VenI.
V.
VIVIte paCIfICI, pIa Vos ConCorDIa beLg^e
ConIVnXIt neXV et fceDere perpetVo.
I.
[423] VInCVLa qVm InIeCIt sChaLDI beLLona, reLaXat
paX : IgItVr rVrsVs Ite, reDIte rates.
II.
eX ortV, eX oCCasV, aVstro proCVrrIte prorjE:
SCHALDIS, ET ADVATlCiE portVs apertVs erIt.
III.
CVrre LoqVaX CaLaMe, et gentI sVb VtroqVe reLICtjE
aXe refer, beLgas paCe, qVIete, frVI.
This last chronogram has been recast and a new error introduced ;
it makes 1659 both here and in the original, instead of the intended
date 1609.
> m*m <
THE second part of this elaborate panegyric now claims our atten-
tion ; the title-page is as follows :
PARNASSI BICIPITIS
De pace Vaticinia. Liber secundus,
de rebus tempore induciarum gestis.
The dedication, filling three pages conspicuously printed in capital
letters, is followed by the address to the reader, before alluded to (at
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
= 1609
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
page 65), explaining why the author recast the foregoing chronograms,
and for the like reason composed those which here follow, so that the
letter d should be counted at its numerical value of 500. These are
the author's own words —
Ad Lectorem.
Primus hujus Operis liber inscriptus ' Belgicae Concordia Pane-
gyricus Parnassicus,' olim in lucem prodiit laxiori pede, qui in hac
secunda editione est restrictior : in priori enim, non semper omnium
litterarum numerantium in chronographicis ad amussim habita fuit
ratio ; quippe secundum usitatum morem, in distichis chronographicis
littera d neglecta fuit, et saepius non numerata : sed in hoc, exactissima
ejus in omnibus observatio; exceptis chronographicis, quae tribus,
quatuor, aut pluribus constat versibus. Correctio libri prions, et
adjunctio secundi in eodem stili et argumenti genere, amaras diffi-
cillimi laboris habuit radices ; sed fructus earum dulciores, si placet,
Lector degusta, et boni consule.
Immediately following (at page 75) commences a Latin hexa-
meter panegyric filling six pages, in which twelve chronograms are
scattered and mingled. As I have before observed, it would be fruit-
less to extract any of them ; they relate to events within the dates 16 10
to 1619. At page 81 Phoebus appears to conduct the ' chronographic
congratulation ;' he invokes the muses, all of whom in turn take up
the theme, in praise of Isabella.
Phoebus.
CInthIa CastaLLe ConteXIte CarMIna CLaile.
Calliope.
IVno, VenVs, paLLas, sCeptro, WLtV, ore; DIana
arCV, et eo VICtrIX tV DeCVs artIs habes.
Clio.
IVnXIt opes IVnonIs aVIs, IoVIs aLes honores
aDDIt; nVnC VoLVCrIs regna CorVsCa tVLIt.
Erato.
regnI CLaret aVIs IaCtata CLara trophjeIs
CLara. nIhIL MIrI : est regIa progenIes.
Thalia.
seLeCtIs qVatItVr IaCVLIs qVm fIXa VoLVCrIs,
feMIneo nerVo SiEPlVs ICta rVIt.
Melpomene.
ARClTENENS MlRO REGlNA ORNATA TROPHjEO
taCta aC eIeCtjr CLara refVLget aVIs.
Terpsichore.
teLa qVIbVs VoLVCrIs agItata, CVpIDo refIgIt
CorDIbVs: hInC ortVs pLaVsVs In Vrbe fVIt.
Euterpe.
LVCe trIVMphatrIX brVXeLLa Vrbs tota refVLsIt
haC aVCta, et regnI Lata faVore no VI.
69
^
m
=
1615
}-
1615
}»
1615
}-
1615
}-
1615
}-
1615
}-
1615
\-
1615
7o
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
Polyhymnia,
VIVe D1V feLIX aLberte, et regIa ConIVnX
ConsortIs LeCtI, VIVe IsabeLLa DIV.
Urania.
sera trahant CLoto et LaChesIs tVa staMIna parCe, ) __
}-
}-
1615
1615
Arrlamatio
chrooogra-
phicaad
Keginam
anno 1615.
serIVs InfeCtans atropos Ista seCet.
Haec ita Calliope : confestim Phoebus et omnis
Castalidum chorus applaudens oracula metris
Haec predicta novis, citharas et plectra resumunt,
Comuaque et lituos, et quae meliora retractu
Instrumenta sonant calami. Vox omnibus una est,
Concors concentus ; VIVat regIna IsabeLLa, \
aLbertI ConIVnX IsabeLLa, et regIa proLes. f _ ,
beLgICa beLLa fVgans, VIVat regIna IsabeLLa. { 5
beLLa refert pInDI resonans In VaLLIbVs eCho. )
Pergit Calliope : Flammae Furialis Erynnis
Accendent aniraos ; Germanaque pectora ferrum
Corripiunt : petitur Matthias ; agmine facto
Boihemi patrant scelus ipsa* morte piandum.
Detumulm IaCtANT PRjECIpItES A MAGNl VERTlCE CASTRl
Boihemico PRiEciPv0s regnI proCeres : totoque clientes = 161 8
Caesaris ejiciunt Regno, Clerumque fidelem.
Hinc in foedifragos Caesar movet arma rebelles,
Sed fato praeventus obit. Successor habenas
De jerdi- Suscipis Imperii Rex Fernande, Corona
Store ^^TterrarVM tIbI traDetVr totIVs et orbIs. = 1 61 9
Sed tua vesanus regalia sceptra vasallus
Appetet : audaci nimium temerarius ausu
g«i^ed«ooREX freDerICVs erIt boIheMIs: attamen antfe = 1619
Boihemiae Quam Titan anni spatio lustrabit Olympi
ftS^&i Zodiacum, fugiet LVgens regno eXVL aDeMpto. = 1620
i6«>» Etc. etc etc
At page 86 commences a poem in hexameter verse, entitled,
4 Cursus Casimiri, seu Civitatis Coloniensis cathedralisque capituli cum
calvinistis conflictus carmine celebratus/ Three pages are filled with
the verses, every word of which begins with the letter c. The cir-
cumstances are matters of local rather than national history ; marginal
notes indicate that the devil disturbed the diocese of Cologne, and
brought about a Calvinistic schism, followed by the defection and
marriage of Archbishop Gebhardt, who at length takes flight to save
himself from the fury of the people of Cologne.1 The next poem
takes up the subject, the leading points being emphasized by marginal
notes and occasional chronogram verses, thus —
1 The marriage of Gebhardt in 1583 (who in the above verses is called Casimir) is men-
tioned at a later page in this volume ; see index, the name ' Gebhardt.'
f
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 71
Chronographicum anni mdlxxxiii,
de fuga Casimiri Palatini.
VT LlBR/S SPECIES TENEBRAS iEQVARAT EOlS, ) _ «
eCCe Verens VbIos hInC CasIMIrVs abIt. / "" 5 3
(De occupato Palatinatu per Marchionem Spinolam, 1621.)
. . . tua et insuper arva
Cuncta Palatinae ditionis miles habebit
Externus ; veteres ista regione colonos
et Magna reget arte, noVa et DVX spInoLa Lege. = 162 1
(De coronatione Frederici1 in agro stellato, 1619.)
eXtat ager steLLatVs, VbI te praga rebeLLans \
IndVperatorI eXCIpIet, totaqVe Corona j = 16 19
eXVLtante, dabVnt regnI tIbI sCeptra boheMI.2 )
(De ejus clade eodem loco, 1620.)
Sed Frederice tibi gravior cit6 luctus eodem
Campo, qVanDo tVos roMano baVarVs ense I ,
Conteret invalidos ausus ; etc. etc. j * °
The poem applauds the Emperor Ferdinand 11., who was then
peaceably acknowledged as King of Bohemia, according to the pre-
dictions of the Sibyls, which are set forth in chronogram, and to the
omen of a comet which had recently appeared.
Sibyllarum chronographica duodecim
de novo cometa
conspecto mense Decembri mdcxiix.
Sibyllae Persicae.
VenIt ab offenso PRiESENs hoC nVMIne sIDVs. = 1618
Sibyllas Lybicae.
IrraDIans eXtat toto IVbar orbe CoMetes. = 161 8
Sibyllae Erythraeae.
sIrMate ConspICItVr CceLo noVa steLLa reLVCens. = 16 18
Sibylla Cumarue.
terrsat apparens CrInItVM sIDVs ab aVstro. = 161 8
Sibyllae Phrygiae.
LVCet steLLa poLo CrVDeLIs nVntIa CLaDIs. = 16 18
Sibyllae Hellespontiacae.
steLLa DeI eXorta est, praVo terrore MInantIs. = 16 18
Sibyllae Samiae.
steLLa reCens ConspeCta erIt eXItIaLe fLageLLVM. = 161 8
Sibyllae Cumaae.
VLtor ConspICItVr sCeLerIs noVa steLLa CoMetes. = 1618
1 Frederic, King of Bohemia, Elector-Palatine, etc. See Chronograms, pp. 464-468.
He married the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of James 1. of England ; he lost both the
kingdom of Bohemia and his Palatinate.
" In this chronogram the author takes the liberty of neglecting to count two letters D=
1000, contrary to the principle asserted in the address to his readers.
72 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
Sibyllae Tiburtinae.
VIsVs erIt raDIo praVos terrente CoMeta. = 1618
Sibyllae Delphicae.
steLLa CorVsCa DeI CaVDato CrIne reCVrrIt. = 161 8
Sibyllae Herophilae.
sangVIneo apparet raDIo noWs Iste CoMeta. = 1618
Sibyllae Europaeae.
praVa paLatIno sIDVs fert pLVrIMa pragjE. = 1618
The Latin introduction to some further predictions is to this
effect :— The prophecies of the last-named Sibyl, by which she fore-
tells, in chronographic verse, the divinely obtained victory on the 8th
November 1620, against Frederic Count-Palatine and his allies at
the metropolitan city of Prague, and the surrender thereof. The first
four apply to Ferdinand Augustus, King of Bohemia —
I.
te Cesar CaptIs DeCorat VICtorIa sIgnIs ; I = 16
hoste reperCVsso, rapta Corona DatVr. / — 2°
II.
Gesareos fasCes, VICtrICIa sIgna, boheMos ) _ ,
CogItVr oppressos Cernere praga rVens. f
III.
Mars aqVILa nIVeI traDet rVbra sIgna LeonIs. = 1620
IV.
ARTE ET MARTE TVo, CiESAR, DatVr VRBS tVa PRAGA. = 1620
The next four apply to Maximilian, Duke of Bavaria —
VICtrICes aqVILas eXtoLLIt VICtor, et VrbeM I 6
eX hIs aVspICIIs baVarVs Intrat oVans. /
II.
baVarVs h^retICos prosCrIptos CjESARIs hostes ) __ 6 -
DebeLLat, trepIDos peLLIt, ab arCe fVgat. J l
III.
Magna DatVr baVaro steLLato eX aggere praga. = 1620
(This chronogram is also arranged in the complex form of the
comet which appeared in the year mdcxiix., i.e. 1620.)
IV.
arX et CastrVM DatVr praga. = 1620
(This chronogram is also arranged in the very complex form of a
star with eight rays.)
The next prophecy applies to Charles, Count of Bucquoy, the
victorious commander of the Imperial forces —
regnI erIt, et PRAGiE DoMItor bVqVoIVs arCIs. = 1620
(This chronogram is arranged in the extremely complex form of a
labyrinth square, * in which the diligent reader will find it more than
600 times repeated ;' these are the author's words) —
1 De quo sequens schema : in quo diligens lector plusquam sex-
centis vicibus idem carmen chronograph icum inveniet.'
■\
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 73
The Labyrinth mentioned in the opposite page ; read from the centre.
ARCIS. ARCIS.
SVIOVQVBROTIMODiEDOMITORBVQVO IVS
V IOVQVBROTIMODiEGiEDOMITORBVQVOIV
IOVQVBROT IMODiEGAGiEDOMI TORB VQVOI
OVQVBROT IMODiEGARAGiEDOMI TORB VQVO
VQVBROT IMODiEGARP RAGiEDOMI TORBVQV
QVBROT IMODiEGARPT PR AGiEDOM ITORBVQ
VBROT IMODiEGARPTET P RAGiEDOMI TORBV
BROT IMODiEGARPTETE T PRAG^EDOMI TORB
ROT IMODiEGARPTETI T ETPRAGiEDOM I TOR
OT IMODiEGARPTETIR I T ETPRAGiEDOMITO
TIMODiEGARPTET IRERITETP RAGGED OMIT
IMODiEGARPTET IREIER ITET P RAGiEDOMI
MODiEGARPTETI REINIERITET PRAGiEDOM
ODiEGARPTET IREINGNI ERITET PRAGiEDO
DiEGARPTET IREINGEGNIERI TETP RAGGED
jEGARPTETIRE INGEREGN I ERI TETPRAGiE
DIEGARPTET I R EI NGEGN I E R I TET PRAGiED
ODiEGARPTETI REINGNIERITETP RAGiEDO
MODiEGARPTETI REINIERI TETPRAGiEDOM
IMODiEGARPTETI RE IER I TETPRAGiEDOMI
TIMODiEGARPTET I RER I TETPRAGiEDOM IT
OTIMODiEGA RPTETIRITET PRAGiEDOMITO
ROT I MODiEGARPTETI TETPRAGiEDOM I TOR
BROT I MODiEGARPTETETPR AGiEDOM I TORB
VBROT I MODiEGARPTETP RAGiEDOMI TORBV
QVBROT IMODiEGARPTPRAGiEDOMITORBVQ
VQVBRO T IMODiEGARPRAGiEDOM I TORBVQV
OVQVBROTIMODiEGARAGiEDOMI TORBVQVO
IOVQVB ROT I MO DiEG AGiEDOM I TORBVQVO I
VIOVQVBROTIMODiEGiEDOMITO RB VQVO I V
SVIOVQVBROTI MODiEDOMI TORBVQVOIVS
ARCIS. ARCIS.
74 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
A four-sided obelisk, supposed to be erected at Prague, is next
represented, bearing chronogram inscriptions to the four last-named
personages, and the date cid.idc.xx. —
ferDInanDo CiESARl hVngarLb regI VICtorI feLICI hostk
PROSTRATO PRAGA RECONCILlATA P. C. = 1620
DVCI BAVARliE FlDEl CATHOLICiE ASSERTORl HiERESEOS OSORl
GesarIs proteCtorI LjETa praga p. =1619
CaroLo bVqVoLe CoMItI, prInCIpI CLaro, heroI fortI, ICta
regIa praga p. = 1620
freterICo paLatIno boheMIa regI Coronato VICto
ConfraCto fVgato LVbens praga p. = 1620
A column supposed to be erected at Prague to the Most Serene
Duke of Saxony is represented, thus inscribed —
S. DVCI SAXONlA IMPERII E. PRAGA G. E. P. = 162O
The same European Sibyl thus advises Frederick Count-Palatine —
non CapIas, tIbI neC DabItVr, freDerICe : tIara haC \ = ,
GesarIs est; ergo non erIt ILLa tVa. / 9
And the same Sibyl repeats her advice to him in 200 acrostics,
4 ducentena acrostichis,' which I forbear to transcribe.
Then a Latin poem is addressed to the Emperor Ferdinand 11.,
so composed that every word commences with the letter F ; the title
and first couplet are as follows —
Famae fortunae felicitatis Ferdinandi
fatum felix faustum favorabile.
fert ferDInanDI fasCes, fert foeDera faVstI \ _ 6
fastIgI fortVna faVens ; fert fulcra favoris, etc etc. ] ~" °
(The date of the victory of Prague.)
The alliterative poem contains no more chronograms. The Muses
now come forward, and—
1 Pergit Calliope legendo/
Haec ita dum Pragae ; Femandi exercitus hostes
Victore invadit gladio, superatque rebelles.
GesarIs obseqVIIs sese Ipsa MoraVIa sVbDIt.1 = 162 1
pVLsa reDVX pIetas et restaVratVs VbIqVe2 \
reLLIgIonIs honos, arIs reVerentIa, CVLtVs >= 1621
astrICoLIs, LaVs grata Deo, et LatrIa tonantL j
sVbDItVr et regIo aLsatIjE, atqVe sILesIa MaIor.8 = 1621
ET TENET ET VVLT SOLA PROCaCItER ARMa REBELLIs4
hVngarIa, aVstrIaCIs fato saCrata trophjeIs.
Haec dum Pannoniis peraguntur taliter oris,
beLLa paLatIno fortIs MoVet, aCrIa beLLa,6 | fi
spInoLa ; Castra CapIt VarIa, Vrbes : fcedera solvit, etc. etc. / ""
(There are no more chronogram lines.)
Marginal notes to the lines. 1 De Moravia redncta 162 1. * De restituta relligione 1621*
• De reductione Alsatiae 1621. 4 De bello Hungarico 1621.— {The chronogram is wrong*
it makes 1626.) 6 De victoriis Marchionis Spinolae in Palatinatn 1621.
1 = 1626
}-
1621
}-
1621
u
1621
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 75
Then follows a ' Chronographicum ' on the death of Philip m.,
King of Spain —
I.
regIs Ibera aDIens regna aC penetraLe phILIppI,
ante DIes senII neCat hVnC CresCentIbVs annIs.
II.
sIC reX DeCeDes: pIetas saCra reLLIgIoqVe,
PRO SCEPTRO, TlBl FERT iETERNiE REGNA CORONjB.
III.
et Caret InterItV tVa faMa, et gLorIa fIne,
CognIta tota soLo, In CceLo speCtata saLoqVe.
Then follows a 'Chronographicum' on the death of Charles,
Count of Bucquoy —
hInC partes petIt pVngarICas, VbI fortIter heros ]
bVqVoIVs, CVM beLLa par at, propeLLIt et Vrget >= 162 1
pannonIos, stratVs perIIt per WLnera bIs seX. )
And one on the death of the Archduke Albert (the Governor of
the Netherlands, the personage who is the subject of the present
panegyric) —
Nee satiata manus crudelis sanguine monstri,
Venit Brucellas ad magni Principis aulam,
aLbertI arChIDVCIs LaDens Cor: InterIt Ipse, ) ,
et fratrI astrIfera reg! soCIatVr In arCe, etc. etc ( ~~
(There are no more chronogram lines.)
Then follow 'Lessi sex elegiaci, etc.* The Latin title is to this
effect : Six lamentations, chronographic elegies on the death of the
Most Serene Prince Albert, Archduke of Austria, Duke of Brabant,
etc., and concerning the happy government of the Princess Isabella-
Clara-Eugenia, of the Belgic provinces —
I.
aVstrIaCVs prInCeps, sVpero eXtoLLenDVs In aXe,
DVX pIVs aLbertVs (beLgICa pLange) perIt.
II.
ConsILIIs fabIVs, Cato In ore, et sCIpIo gestIs,
Lege soLon, zeLo In reLLIgIone nVMa.
IIL
In CceLIs CVM sInt tVa sCeptra -sterna, Coronas
hInC orbIs fragILes spernere notVs eras.
IV.
non phcenIX CaDIt oCCasV, eXorItVrqVe faVILLIs ; \
neC, DVX aLbertVs, post sVa fata perIt. ~
V.
non perIt, In CceLIs hoC soLIs CLarIor Igne est;
et raDIat raDIIs, LVna IsabeLLa, sVIs.
VI.
LVna regens, spLenDens, aLberto soLe CaDente,
atqVe nItens rara LVCe, CoLore noVo.
}-
1621
}-
1621
}-
1621
H
1621
}-
1621
}-
1621
76 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
(This last chronogram relates to the government of the Arch-
duchess Isabella.) Then follows a semi-chronogrammatic poem
concerning the reign of Philip iv. of Spain and the Netherlands : — •
Laetitiae nova caussa datur : discedite luctus
Et lacrymae, tristes gemitus, quia nostra gubernat
Luna gubernatrix Belgas, et lumine lustrat
Et beat inflexu placido : qVIa regna phILIppVs }
aCCIpIt hesperLe, sCeptrVM reX atqVe tIaras \ >== ,
In popVLos, orIens qVos soL qVosqVe Ipse reVersVs f
CernIt : et Imperium tibi erit qua divite currit )
Amne Tagus, etc. etc. ; mentioning many rivers in the dominions of
King Philip. The poem concludes with the exclamation ' Vive o Rex,
vive Philippe,' and it is immediately followed by a ' Votura chrono-
graphicum' for his safety —
phILIppe reX Iber reLLIgIonIs petra Can^e jEtatIs Cernens
annos feLICIter sCeptrIs IMpera. = 162 1
The Muse Calliope continues her reading of the European Sibyl's
utterances, and here it must be acknowledged that she has to
encounter a serious difficulty under the title of a chronographic-
retrograde-elegiac-anagram ; the full title, etc., is as follows —
Ejusdem voti anagramma chronographicum retrogradum
elegiacum sibyllae Europaeae quo Philippo1 optimo regi catholico vitam
et incolumitatem apprecantur.
LanIfIOe tIbI sInt neCtentes staMIna Largo
poLLICe, reX, prInCeps strIpIs et hesperIje.
It reads backwards thus —
hesperLe et stIrpIs prInCeps, reX poLLICe Largo
staMIna neCtentes sInt tIbI LanIfICe.
A 'Votum chronographicum' for the safety of the King of the
Belgic provinces —
pVbLICa saCrIfICat tIbI reX VoVet atqVe saLVtIs
aDIVtrIX, fIat CorDIs aVIta saLVs.
A * Votum chronographicum' of the clergy, for the same —
hVMano GENEkl ChrIstVs LVX, spes qVooVe Certa,
sIt sCopVs hIC, VItjE reX CInosVra tVjE.
A 'Votum chronographicum' of the nobility —
eXeat InfeLIX LVCtVs, Labor eXVLet, atqVe
TABlFlCVs LANGVOR CORPORIS ATQVE ANlMiE.
A 'Votum chronographicum' of all adherents —
beLgICa fLoresCat tVa feLIX prInCIpe taLI:
VIVe phILIppe DIV, reX noVe VIVe DIV. J
A poem next follows relating to various events of the period and
the conclusion of war, but of no particular interest in the present day,
and several chronograms not requiring any special notice are mingled
with the poetry. At page 125 of the book we find that the Muse
Calliope has finished her task of reading, when Phoebus appears with
1 Philip iv. j he came to the throne of Spain in 162 1.
}-
1621
}-
1621
* the
}-
1621
}-
1621
}-
1621
u
1621
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 77
t 'final flourish' commencing in these words, concerning the Duke de
Spinola and the capture of the fortress and town of Breda —
Legerat haec dea Calliopea : coronidis addit
Haec oracla loco Phoebus memoranda per aevum :
Cespes fataLIs BREDiE : tV CespIte Capta es ; ) _ 6
CespIte et aggere DVX te CapIet soLIpan. J ~" $
This is the last chronogram, and in taking leave of the very
curious and, I believe, rare book, I call the reader's attention to the
last word of the chronogram, ' solipan.' It is explained in the poem
which fills the last three pages of the book that the word is an anagram
on the name ' spinola,9 and is a mystic word inscribed on a necklace
composed of seven precious stones, by virtue of which the Muse
Urania was enabled to know something of the * recondite secrets of
fate.1 Urania proceeds to describe the meaning of the precious stones
and their representative virtues, and attributes them all to the Duke
de Spinola. She then declares that Phoebus (who opened the pan-
egyric) forbids her to disclose any more secrets —
• Plura loqui, vel scire aevi secreta futuri,
Me vetuit Phoebus : fatalis clauditur ergo
Mnemosynes codex : omnes cum matre reducunt
Thespiades.' Etc etc.
The official licence to print the book is on the last page ; it is
worthy of notice, and is as follows —
Approbatio.
Haec Pamassi bicipitis de Pace Vaticinia, vario metri artificio
decantata a Clariss: Dom: Jodoco de Weerdt, Urbis Anturpiensis
Syndico, digna censeo, quae ob argument! raritatem, et metri varie-
tatem, typis committantur, et ad Reipub: Litterariae ornamentum
evulgentur. [Official signature.]
The Archduke Ferdinand.
A volume of tracts relating to Belgian history (British Museum,
press-mark 11 93. 1. 6.). Tract No. 3 bears this title,
« BRUXELLENSIUM TRIUMPHUS serenissimo principi
Hispaniorum Infanti, Ferdinando archiduci Austriae s.r.i. Cardinali
Belgium ingrediente erectus. Describebat Sebast. Tychonius, insignis
ecclesiae Colleg. D. Gudilae Sacellanus.' Brussels, 1635. 40. The
only chronogram in the volume is at page 46 of this tract ; it was an
inscription on a structure among the decorations of the streets in
1634, on the arrival of Ferdinand at Brussels —
prInCeps tIbI ferDInanDVs VenIt : ) _ ,
Io VIVe, Io gaVDe patrIa. / " I034
t\e. Prince Ferdinand comes to thee; Huzza long live, huzza rejoice O
country. In my book Chronograms^ pp. 424-429, will be found a
great many chronograms on the same event.
78 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
Leopold William.
A small book in paper covers (British Museum, press-mark 1157.
de.) ' CHRONOGRAPH/A SUPER latum et inopinatum
felicemque 1NTR0ITUM IN BELGIUM serenissimi archiducis
Austria Leopoldi Guilielmi pro rege Hispaniarum . . . supremi guber-
natoris, etc. etc Lovanii, 1648.'
The dedication of the book to the magistrates and leading men
of the city of Louvain, and the congratulation to Leopold which
next follows, are both in Latin ; the next and principal portion of the
book consists of various sets of verses in the Flemish language, with
anagrams on the name of Leopold and chronograms in both languages
on his acts, exploits, and victories over the French, mostly m the
year 1647, on behalf of the country of which he was appointed the
governor. The author's name is not mentioned ; it may be inferred,
however, that he was a notary, and that D. I. P. were the initial letters
of his name.
The first chronogram occurs at the end of the dedication, fLoreat
Io LoVanIVM et VnIVersItas In paCe Instante VtI Castor
et poLLVX ConCors perennet. = 1647
The following chronogram is printed in the conventional shape of
a heart giving the year of the world which according to the opinion of
learned men corresponds with the year of our Lord 1647, as explained
thus— Chronicon ab orbe condito l usque ad annum mdcxlvii. Hoc
chronographico reperies numerum 6847, juxta communem philoso-
phorum sententiam.
LeopoLDVs gVILIeLMVs aVstrIaCVs fratrIs sVI nVtV,
eX pII nostrI regIs Voto, beLgarVM appLaVsV: bataVo
Ver5 stVpente ; attonIto InIqVo Marte gaLLICo BRVXELLiE
horIzonteM feLICIter IntraVIt, faC o pIe DeVs Vt qVoqVe
Intra VerIt In peCtVs hVIVs DVpLeX spIrItVs patrIs eLLe.= 6847
Observe that in the anagrams which accompany the following
chronograms, mingle, the one with the other, and derive their explana-
tion from the latter. I transcribe them as they occur in the book,
leaving out the Flemish verses. The hexameter and pentameter
metre prevails, and the dates are ' Anno Domini'
Chronicon a partu Virginis Deiparae.
In aDVentV prInCIpIs LeopoLDI aVstrIaCI In beLgICas
terras IVstItIa et paX sese osCVLatjE. as 1647
Anagramma.
Leopoldus. = Duos polle.
Illud anagramma interpretatur hie subsequens versus chronographicus.
ense tVo eXpeLLas franCos; bataVos qVoqVe paCe; \ _ ,
VERk DVos poLLens sIC LeopoLDVs erIs. / 4*.
The next chronogram alludes to the motto of the Archduke Leopold.
1 i.e. From the creation of the world. I have tried several methods of mundane
chronology, but I am unable to say which one of them is here alluded to as adopted by the
common opinion of philosophers.
1 647
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 79
In virtute et timore Domini
In VIrtVte et tIMore DeI strenVVs Vt Leo VnIVersos
profLIgabIt hostes sVos. = 1647
Anagramma.
Leopoldus. = Polo ludes.
herCVLeos frVstra WLt orbes sCanDere gaLLVs. ) _ ^
at tV LVDe poLo prInCeps VIrtVte paternA. J "~ 47
Chronicon.
beneDICtVs qVI VenIt In noMIne regIs, et ab VngVe hostIs
Vrbes nostras tVeatVr. = 1647
Anagramma.
Leopoldus. = Duplo sole.
In te soL DVpLVs nItet en serenIssIMe, patrIs ) = *
In te est VIrtVtIs, IVsTlTliEQVs IVbar. J 47
Chronicon in honour of the august House of Austria.
VIVant IgItVr aVstrIaCI roMan^e seDIs propVgnatores ;
VIgeant hI In nestorIs aVa. = 1645
Anagramma.
Leopoldus. = Plus leo do.
si LVCes VIrtVte Leo, qVoqVe poLDVs oLore \
attrIbVes prInCeps sIC tIbI, pLVs Leo Do. J
Chronicon.
gaVDeaMVs In prInCIpIs IngressV qVI est paX nostra et
VIta noVa. = 1647
Chronogram made of nine words, the initial letters of which marked
in figures, are the nine letters composing the name.
1 * 3 4 5 6 789
LEOPOLDUS.
1234 5 6 78
LVX est, orDo PATRliE, oppressos LeVans DVX VerI:
9
sVbDItos. = 1647
Anagramma.
Leopoldus. = Pello duos.
In tVa LVCtantes VICIstI hIC fata neCeMqVe ) _ 6
gassIon1 et ranseaV,1 Long& tV peLLIs VtrosqVe. J x 47
Chronogram made on the arrival of the archduke Leopold, in
honour of the Flemish people —
gaDa tVos Cessa eXtraCtos LVgere Leones ) _ ,
fortIor eCCe tVIs noWs est perseVs LeopoLDVs. J "" l 47
Chronogram on the loss and recovery of the town of Courtray —
CortraCI IaCtVra InDeX fVIt ante saLVtIs ) _ ,
profLVet hoC fLanDrIs fonte rVIna, saLVs. j "" * 4'
The ' second part' of the book contains chronograms on the acts
and victories of Leopold William in Belgium, the first being one
1 The names of two Generals in the French army.
8o
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
which gives the year, month, and day when the town of Armentiferes
was captured from the French and restored to Flanders (on St
Petronilla's day, the 31st May) —
gaLLo sVperato prInCIpI nostro pIo Vt sIDerI aVstrIaCo
LeopoLDo faVIt petroneLLa VIrgo In ense VICtorI sVo. =
Chronogram on the contention1 before the besieged town of
Landrecies between Gassion the French General, and Leopold
William, on 2d July 1647 —
LanDraCo obsesso gassIon Ipso VIsItatIonIs DeIparjE festo
VIsItans Castra prInCIpIs nostrI aVstrIaCI, InopInata
saLVtatIone reCeptVs trIstIs abIIt. =
Chronogram on the same contest, continued on the following day —
et LVCe seqVentI VIsItare LeopoLDI VIres peCtore spIrans;
ConstantIA eIVs attonItVs eI VaLeDICIt. =
Chronogram of the year, month, and day in which Landrecies,
famous for its strength of position and for its proximity to foreign
nations, was overcome by Leopold William, and snatched from the
grasp of the French, and restored on the 16th July to its proper king,
as though it were the key to Hainault —
LVCe bIs oCtaVA IVLI LeopoLDVs abegIt
hostILes LanDraCenA eXVIt Vrbe brItannos.
VIVat Io Vrbs LanDraCI Vos gaVDete renates
hannonICI, gaLLo pVLso eVICto, atqVe reIeCto.
In aVstrIaCo hoC gaVDete LeopoLDo hannones
hIC Vos IaCentes traXIt eX gaLLI IVgo.
The Flemish verses which follow the above three chronograms
conclude with four others in the same language, and they again are
followed by these two in Latin concerning the burning and destruction
of the town of Wavre by the Hollander's soldiers —
qVm franCI patrare thenIs DanaI qVoqVe troI-* ) _
MaIora A bataVIs WaVrIA passa fVI. J ""
WaVrIa fIDeLIter pro bono beLgII fVrorI bataVI
resIstenDo nonA IVnII DIrVta est. =
These events terminated in peace, as indicated by this, the last
chronogram in the book —
fIat paX et saLVs pIe IesV beLgIs In DIebVs nostrIs
aVthore LeopoLDo aVstrIaCo prInCIpe paCIfICo.
The * censura,' on the last page, declares that the book contains
nothing contrary to the Catholic faith or Christian morals.
}-
}-
1647
1647
1647
1647
1647
1647
1648
1647
= 1647
Maria Antonia.
A tract of only four pages, and probably a rare one, in my pos-
session, the title beginning, ' Epicedion in obitum/ etc. (A
funeral dirge on the death of the Most Serene Princess and Duchess
1 Probably a meeting between the two leaders to discuss terms for surrender of the town.
1
f=
1692
}-
1692
}-
1693
}=
1693
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 81
Maria Antonia Josepha Benedicta Rosalia Petronilla, daughter of
Leopold, the Emperor of Germany, etc., and wife of Maximilian
Emmanuel, Duke of Bavaria, Count Palatine, etc., at Vienna, on
24th December 1692).
At the solemn * pomp' performed in the royal chapel at Brussels
in Brabant
eJVs fIebant eXeqVLe DeCIMa febrVarII ) = 6
assIstebatqVe Integra aVLa. j ^3
Pages 2 and 3 are occupied by the verses, and page 4 by what
follows here —
CHRONICON.
Loci, Anni, Mensis et Diei.
MarIa-antonIa VIgILIa natIVItatIs ChrIstI DeVote
VlENNiE eXpIrAT.
Aliud ; Anni, Mensis, et Diei.
prIDIe qVo DeIpara parIt absqVe DoLore, antonIa
LVgentIs beLgII gVbernatrIX pIe obIIt.
Aliud; Anni 1693.
pIe JesV ! propItIVs sis pIe MarLe-antonLe VXorI
PLANGENTlS DVCIS BOlARliE.
Aliud ; dicti Anni continens nomen autoris.
fkVatVr antonIa reqVIe perpetVa, hIs petIt
gVILIeLMVs VanDer sLooten presbIIter
Custodiae suae celsitudinis Capellanus.
This last chronogram deserves special notice, because it tells us
the name of the author, which does not appear on the title-page.
Without careful inspection of the original, and some knowledge of the
devices adopted by authors to hide their names, a catalogue-maker
would probably write against this production the word ' Anonymous/
The deceased was the Austrian Governess of the Netherlands.
Charles Alexander.
A tract in my possession contains, in twenty-four pages, a con-
f\ gratulation in Latin hexameter verse to Charles Alexander,
Duke of Lorraine, for Maria Theresia, Queen of Hungary and
Bohemia, the Supreme Governor of the Netherlands, on his return
into Belgium after a long absence, and on his entry into Brussels
with solemn pomp on 23d April 1749. Printed at Mechlin. The
author's name does not appear ; the ' Approbatio ' by the censor of
books thus indicates it — ' Conscripta k r.p.j.b.h.s.j.t. poeta
clarissimo, prselo luceque publick dignissimo censeo. Datum 19
Aprilis 1749.' This is another instance of the author hiding his
name. The last four pages describe the emblems and triumphal
arches which adorned the city of Louvain on the occasion of the
L
82 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
Governor's return to the country ; these chronogram inscriptions
appeared on different arches. The first was put up by the Jesuits in
the name of the Magistrates —
DUCI CaroLo LotharIngICo grUDIos : )
sUI prjESENtIa honorantI ConCors [• = 1749
senatUs popULUsqUe LoVanIensIs. )
The next was at the Carmelite Monastery, under a statue of
Maria Theresia —
Lotharo DUCI
feLICes theresLe AUsTRlACiE aqUILas
eXULtante beLga )■= 1749
reDUCentI
THERESlANiE LoVanII.
The next was on an arch ' ante portam mediam plates Thenensis,'
erected also by the Carmelites —
IN aDVeNtU gUbERNATORIs PATRliE ) _
CarMeLUs eXULtans ereXIt. / " *749
MerCUrIUs eXoptatUs annUntIat
eXorat^e paCIs gaUDIa.
}-
Maria-Christina and Albert-Casimir.
A rare little book, in my possession, concerning the arrival of
their Royal Highnesses Maria-Christina of Austria and her
husband Albert-Casimir of Saxony at the town of Herve, in the
Duchy of Limbourg, on 13th June 1791, on their way to Brussels as
Governors of the Austrian Netherlands, when the Emperor Leopold 11.
was their sovereign. It is a collection of the congratulatory odes and
verses in French composed for the occasion by various writers, and of
congratulatory chronograms inscribed on various buildings in the
town and neighbourhood, but without any circumstance or narrative
beyond what may be gathered from the verses and some scanty notes.
The book consists of 1 1 2 pages octavo, and is a curious specimen of
rough printing done at a small provincial town, Herve, where the
events took place. At the period in question the town was on the
highway to Lifege from the eastward, and not far from that city ; now
the route by railway takes another course, depriving Herve of what-
ever importance it might have derived from its position. A note at
page 13 mentions that the town was pillaged from the 7th to 9th
August 1790, and many of the inhabitants massacred by the rebel
1 patriotic' mob opposed to the Austrian government ; the movement
was eventually quelled by a regiment of Limbourg Volunteers, a
circumstance alluded to in the chronograms. The territory of Lim-
bourg is now included in the kingdom of Belgium.
There was a public reception of their Highnesses, with recitations
of odes, and other rejoicings, in which the Royal College took a
1749
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 83
leading part, displaying or expressing much sincere affection. The
chronograms commence at page 63 ; flattery and high-flown expres-
sions are conspicuous in them ; allowance, however, must be made
for the habitual extravagant language which was then considered due
to exalted personages, and for the popular joy at the deliverance from
the fury of the insurgents.
The title-page is, ' COLLECTION DES POESIES, embl6mes,
chronographes et autres inscriptions faites a Poccasion du passage de
leurs Altesses Royales par le Limbourg, et de leur entree triomphante
dans la ville de Herve, le 13 Juin 17 91. — Herve, chez F. J. Vieil-
levoye, imprimeur/
The remarks which accompany the following chronograms are
translations, or adaptations of those in the original.
This good chronogram, which was placed over the great gate of
the Royal College, has been very much praised. It recalls the culp-
able daring of the rebels in effacing the inscription which had been
the glory of the college, by giving to it the good and true name of
RoyaL The author of this distich and of the translation is the Abbe*
Van-der-linden, prefect of the said college, already known as the
author of several poems. His zeal induced him to place over the
said gate the words in letters of gold c collegium regium ' —
aUsU VesanI teMero fceData LeonIs, )
ChrIstIn^ obtUtU, LIttera fVLVa nItet. j '9
The French translation.
Lettres, que du Lion fouilla Paveugle effort,
Christine vous regarde, et vous devenez or.
Le. The letters which were defiled by the rash daring of the furious Lion,
become golden through the look {or gaze) of Christina.
This chronogram, not less admired than the preceding one, is by
the same author. It was placed over a door in the college, with some
other inscriptions —
nUper Dente feroX, aqUIL/b prossernItUr UngUI, )
et DoLet InfrenDens trIstIa faCta Leo. j ™
The French translation.
Ce Lion, dont la dent commit tant de forfeits,
L'Aigle Pabbat ; grince, et pleure ses exces.
/>. The Lion (of Belgium), recently so fierce, is beaten down by the talons
of the Eagle (of Austria), and, gnashing his teeth, bewails his evil deeds.
We wish to know who was the author of this good verse, which is
also a chronogram. He is, they say, a clergyman in the country.
Virgil and Horace, if they had made chronograms, could not have
composed a better —
aUspICIIs, LeopoLDe, tUIs paX aLMa reVIXIt. ^= 1791
i.e. Through thy auspices, O Leopold, gentle peace has revived.
This chronogram, which is one of beautiful simplicity, was put
over one of the windows of the house of M. Lys, official and cure* of
Herve, among other inscriptions. It rendered justice to the clergy of
84 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
Herve, who always prided themselves on their fidelity to their sove-
reign—
MARIA, ALBERTO VenIeNTIbUs, USQUE FlDELIS HERVIjE
CLerUs oVabat. = 1 791
i.e. The clergy of Herve, continuously faithful, exulted at the arrival of
Maria and Albert.
MarIe-ChrIstIne, aLbert goUVernoUrs g£n£raUX Des
paIs-bas aUtrIChIens. = 1791
i.e. Maria-Christina and Albert, governors-general of the Austrian
Netherlands.
The following chronograms are not without merit We owe them
to M. Dehousse, * mayeur ' of Soiron, a truly estimable man, who,
during the time of the • patriomaniac ' despotism, allowed to burst
forth even at the peril of his life, his intrepid attachment to the
august House of Austria —
soIron, Le granD, Le petIt-reChaIn VIennent offrIr LeUrs
hoMages et VceUX r£UnIs. = 1791
i.e. Soiron * the great,9 ' the little ' Rechain come to offer their homage and
united vows. /
VIVent MarIe-ChrIstIne, et aLbert De saXe, goUVerneUrs
si Ch£rIs ! =1791
i.e. Live, Maria-Christina and Albert of Saxony, our governors so
cherished!
This good chronogram, and the three which follow, we owe to the
zeal and talent of M. Bonnie, resident at Kelmes, near the wood of
Aix-la-Chapelle. They were placed on the fine arcade erected at
the entrance to the wood, where the province of Limbourg com-
mences—
VIVe, saLUs PATRliE, Cesar LeopoLDe ; fIDeLIs ) _
agrICoLjE pLaUsUs aCCIpe, QUiESO, VoLens. f ~~ 1^1
i.e. Live, O Emperor Leopold, the safety of thy country ; receive will-
ingly, I beseech, the applause of the faithful peasant.
VIVe L'eMpereUr-roI L£opoLD II., Ch£rI, aUgUste
soUVeraIn. = 1 79 1
i.e. Live, Leopold II., the emperor-king, our beloved august sovereign.
VIVat MarIa-ChrIstIna reDIens, ILLUstrIsqUe beLgII
gUbernatrIX.1
i.e. May Maria- Christina live, who has returned, the illustrious
governess of the Netherlands.
VIVe DIU, LeopoLDe, InDUperator aUgUste beLgIIqUe
prInCeps. = 179 1
i.e. Long live Leopold ! O great emperor and prince of the Netherlands.
This good chronogram, which has been deservedly acknowledged
to be extremely happy, is due to the Rev. Father Henri, Franciscan
friar at the monastery of Bolland. The next one is also by him —
1 This chronogram is erroneous ; it makes 1795.
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 85
aqUILa reDUX LeoneM eXosCULatUr. = 1791
i.e. The Eagle (of Austria) returning, embraces the Lion (of Belgium).
LUCet tIbI LUX VI Va, fIDeLIs seMper herVIa. = 1791
ue. Have, the always faithful town, shines as a living light to thee.
This chronogram, which is not one of the least, is by the Advocate
Denoel, Sheriff of the village of Clermont. It may be read on the top
of an arcade constructed at the bridge of the same name—
CLarUs-Mons eXUrgens eXULtat et appLaUDIt. = 1791
i.e. Clermont, elevating itself, exults and applauds.
This chronogram, and the four which follow, were composed by
M. Vieillevoye, the printer (of the book). They were placed on the
pretty arcade which he constructed along the road from Brattice,
opposite to his house in the country —
MarLe-ChrIstInjE-regIiE, sponsI qUoqUe feLIX hUC
aDVentUs. =1791
i.e. The happy arrival hither of Maria- Christina the royal and her
husband.
Leo beLgICUs InsUrreXerat, aqUILa trIUMphans re-
DIVIt. = 1 79 1
i.e. The Belgian Lion had revolted, the Eagle has returned in triumph.
oUI, CceUrs, Votre tIpographIe graVera noMs, VertUs,
bIenfaIts De LeUrs aLtesses roIaLes. = 1791
ue. Yes hearts/ your typography will engrave the names, virtues, bless-
ings of their royal highnesses.
tIpographIe n'aUra nULs CaraCteres qUI soIent DIgnes
De noUs peInDre Vos VertUs. =1791
i.e. Typography will have no characters worthy of painting for us
your virtues.
Les JUstes VceUX De La tIpographIe sUpLIante attenDent
LIberte De Vos benIgnes aLtesses. = 1791
ue. The just aspirations of suppliant typography wait for the permission
of your benign highnesses. [?]
This pretty chronogram is by Listray, jun., formerly an officer of
the Limbourg volunteers —
ChrIstInA aLbertoqUe VenIentIbUs; thUs tenerI CorDIs
aMbobUs UrebatUr. = 1791
ue. Christina and Albert having arrived, the incense of a tender heart
has been burnt for both of them.
This chronogram, which was put up at the Royal College, has been
much praised, as well as the three which follow. They are by M.
Poyart, formerly an officer of the Limbourg volunteers —
ChrIstIne aVeC aLbert, arrIVe Dans Ce LIeU, peUpLe
D'Un C<eUr zeLe faItes brILLer Le feU. = 1791
ue. Christina with Albert comes to this place, the people with one heart
light the bonfire. [?]
86 GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS.
arrIDent nobIs ChrIstIna, aLbertUs ; oVantes I _
pLaUDentI popULo gaUDIa qUanta ferUnt! j "" I7^'
Le. Christina and Albert smile upon us; how many joys they bring to
the applauding people I
ChrIstInA aLbertoqUe VenIentIbUs, VerUs aMor, VeLUt
soL IrraDIabat. = 1791
Le, Christina and Albert having tome, true love has shone like the sun.
prInCIpes optIMI, IstIUs DIeI proVInCLeqUe LUX estIs.= 1791
i.e. O best of Princes, ye are the light of this day and of thi province.
This chronogram is by Father Henri, Franciscan friar, of Bolland —
eXIstIt aMICa paX, ChrIstInA aLbertoqUe DUCIbUs.1
Li. Friendly peace is established, Christina and Albert being the leaders.
This and the three following chronograms are by M. Halleux,
* mayeur de chefs et Hauts-Bans de Herve ' —
VIVant MarTa-ChrIstIna aUstrIaCa, aLbertUs saXonIvE
reDeUntes. = 1 7 9 1
Le. Long live Maria-Christina of Austria and Albert of Saxony, who
have returned.
De LeopoLD LoUons toUs La granDeUr -, ) _
ses roIaLes VertUs proUVent notre bonheUr. j "" I791
Le. Let us all praise the grandeur of Leopold, his royal virtues prove our
happiness.
VIVe La JoIe qUe ChrIstIne, CasIMIr InspIrent aUJoUr-
D'hUI. = 1 791
Le. Blessed be the joy which Christina and (Albert-) Casimir inspire
to-day t
aLtesses roIaLes, regarDez ; VoICI Vos g£n£reUX gUerrIers
LIMboUrgeoIs. = 1 791
i.e. Behold, royal highnesses, see here your generous Limbourg warriors.
At page 74, among some 'omitted inscriptions/ the following
specimen occurs, of what is variously called a serpentine or network
verse, in hexameter metre, it is not a chronogram —
Qu t leth tr ir dol reple
os unc ifico ux a ore rat
H n laet 1 ist nit deco
In plain Latin it reads thus —
Quos tunc lethifico trux ira dolore replerat,
Hos nunc laetifico lux ista nitore decorat.
Le. Those whom barbarous fury had filled with deadly alarm, this day
now adorns with joyful splendour.
At page 77, a few omitted chronograms are preserved; they were
put up with other inscriptions at Herve —
nobIs, aMor CertUs DUX, gUbernatores Chara LUX. = 1791
Le. To us, love is a tme guide, our governors are a beloved light.
1 This chronogram is erroneous ; it makes 1891.
r
GOVERNORS OF THE NETHERLANDS. 87
Ut rIDet fatI feLIX aUrora beatI, i
herVIaCos anIMos reCreat atqUe foVet! / 79
i.e. When the happy dawn of blessed destiny smiles, may it refresh and
support the affections of the people of Herve t
qUanta LUX tIbI, herVa, fULgent DILeCtIssIMI gUber-
natores! = 1 79 1
i.e. How great is the light which thy most beloved governors shed on
thee, O Herve 1
The remaining pages contain the poems and verses by which
much genial flattery was addressed to the royal personages by the
inhabitants of Herve ; they are mentioned as follows —
A poem, ' Couplets/ sung by the officers of the Limbourg Volun-
teers at the repast given by them on 23d June 1791, on the occasion
of the arrival of their Royal Highnesses.
Sonnet by M. Prayon, a master-tailor at Herve, also a rondeau,
and an acrostic on the names Maria Albert, by him. A note remarks,
' What might we not have had if this gentleman had completed his
education ! '
A poem on the fete of the Emperor-King Leopold 11., ' Nayvet e
Rustique ou Chanson Wallone,' sung in the fine tent which the
people of Olne had prepared for the occasion. The poem is in the
Walloon language, followed by a French translation, and this
chronogram —
ChrIstIne, aLbert, £poUX bIen assortIs, VIVez Long-teMps
poUr Le bonheUr Des paIs-bas. = 1791
Le. Christina and Albert, well-matched spouses, may you live long to be
the happiness of the Netherlands.
An address by the town of Herve to Count Metternich-Winne-
burg, the Emperor's Minister-Plenipotentiary, on passing through
Herve on his way to Brussels, on 5 th July 1791.
Stanzas to the Countess, also to the Count, on the same occasion.
Ode to the Emperor Leopold on his coronation at Frankfurt, on
9th October 1790.
Extract from the Cologtie Gazette of 8th July 1791, describing the
reception of Count Metternich when he passed through Herve. He
arrived at 8 p.m. and departed at 10; the rain interfered with a most
elaborately arranged programme.
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS AND
CHURCH DIGNITARIES.
HE remarks at the commencement of the preceding
chapter will apply to the present one, which may be
taken as a supplement to what is contained in my
book Chronograms in the way of congratulations and
memorials to various Flemish Bishops.
A tract in my possession, printed at Louvain in 1655, contains in
24 pages the oration in Latin pronounced at the funeral of the
Most Reverend James Boonen, Archbishop of Mechlin and Primate
of Belgium, in the Cathedral church there on 3d August 1655. The
authors name is Godefridus Wreys. The next six pages, in continua-
tion of the event, contain this chronogrammatic lamentation and
eulogy —
ChrIstIano orbI DefLenDa DIes Ista.
stabILIssIMa fIDeI anChora
fIDIssIMa spes beLgI IaCet.
trIstIa IaCobI fata oMnes bonI DefLentes
antIstItI Dent LaChrIIMas.
beLgjE DoLeant LVMen
ET
CoLVMen Deesse.
hoC fatVM DepLorate:
beLgarVM DeCor,
a bono regIMIne ter prjeDICabILIs,
beLgII In honore prIMas, pIetate CanDor,
MaChLInIensIs seDIs antIstes,
More, ore, et CorDe prjEsVL,
aD Choros angeLorVM,
asCenDens fLos pastorVM,
CasVM DepLorante rege,
CVstoDeM fLente grege
DVLCeM
DVCEM anheLante
oCtogesIMo et bIno jEtatIs anno beLgIs deperIens
aD GeLos tenDens DenatVs est
profesto rVMoLDo saCro.
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1*55
1655
1655
1*55
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
1655
i6S5
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. 89
An Epicedium and other verses in Latin next follow, and on the
last page the author of those verses brings his own expressions of
sorrow to a conclusion in these words —
CHRONICON.
abCessIt IVnII ter DenA LVCe IaCobVs, 1 A
patrLe atLas, CVIVIs regVLa LVX fIDeI. f ~ I05S
Pangebat F. J. J. Canonicse
Martinianae Religiosus.
The chronograms will bear this translation, but without deriving
any improvement from the change of language^
This day is to be deplored in the Christian world. The firmest
anchor of faith, the truest hope of Belgium lies low. Let all good people
deploring the sad fate of James give tears to the Archbishop. Let them
grieve that the light and support of Belgium is gone. Bewail ye this
fatality: the ornament of the Belgians thrice worthy of praise for his
good government, the first in the honour of Belgium, a splendour in piety,
the chief in the See of Mechlin, in manner, countenance, and heart a
bishop, at the choir of angels the rising flower of pastors ; the king
deplores his end, his flock weeps for their keeper, sighing for their sweet
leader. In the eighty-second year of his age dying to the Belgians and
striving at heaven, he departed in the Festival sacred to Rumold [the
patron saint of Mechlin].
fames departed on the $oth day of June, the Atlas of his country, a
pattern and light of faith to every one.
A small quarto volume in my possession comprising 16 tracts in
140 pages, consists of gratulations and complimentary verses
in Latin addressed to various persons, on their elevation to eccle-
siastical dignity, or their acquiring academical distinction in Flanders,
printed at Lou vain and Antwerp, in various years from 1675 t0 *68o.
Chronograms are plentifully scattered throughout the compositions,
and many emblematical engravings illustrate the subjects. There is
no pagination. I give the titles somewhat abbreviated.
Tract No. 1. ' Trismegistus ^Egyptius, inscriptus Reverendo . . .
patri P. Michaeli Verdiere, Insulensi, . . . S. Theologise Laurea in
alma universitate Lovaniensi insignito, die 20 Novembris 1675.' The
poem is a figurative allusion to his armorial insignia, l Fundum rubrum
in tres partes divisum, tres Aviculas et Triangulum continentia/ and
alludes to the universal prevalence of the number three, commencing
thus, and continues in the same metre —
TRIA SUNT OMNIA.
Quid Trismegistus? Doctis, Ter Maximus Unus,
iEgyptiis notissimus.
M
go SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
The poem concludes thus —
Haec semel evacuent : Si nolint plura, recusent ;
Tria sunt, reponant, omnia.
Chronicon.
LiETARE ; reX, saCerDos, ) _ 6
sophVsqVe MagnVs es. j — i075
♦
Tract No. 2. ' Phosphorus, sive Stella matutina, dicata Reverendo
. . . Patri P. Gregorio van Goorlaecken, Mechlinensi sacrae Theologiae
professori, ejusdem in alma Lovaniensi academia Laurum reportanti.'
Allusion to his Insignia * quae Stellam cum Libis deauratis continent.'
The poem is in the same metre as the foregoing one, preceded by this
text, 'Dominus illuminatio meaet salus mea.' — Psalm xxvi. 1. It con-
cludes with this ' chronicon ' —
LVX et proteCtor MeVs, DeVs. = 1675
DIV VIVIte sanI et InCoLVMes. = 1675
Offtrebat Frofessaribus suis cokndissimis, Cursus
Theologicus Lovaniaisis.
Printed at Louvain, Anno 1675.
> — ♦ — <
Tract No. 3. Oratio funebris, of a priest of high rank in Flanders,
15th February 1675, contains no chronograms.
Tract No. 4. • Agnus Paschalis dicatus reverendo ... P. Philippo
Tax, ordinis Eremit, S. P. Augustini, Agnum eucharisticum modo
incruento et glorioso, in festis Paschalibus Deo Patri primum immo-
lantL Bruxellis ... 12 Aprilis 1676/ Printed at Louvain, 1676.
The poem, in hexameter and pentameter metre, has for its text the
word ' Echo/ and concludes with this ' chronicon ' —
phILIppVs DIVIs agnVM sIne Labe obtVLIt. = 1676
An acrostic next follows on his name ' Philippus ' in hexameter
metre, and after it this ' Chronicon ' —
Anni, mensis, et diei.
prIDIe IDVs aprILIs Vt saCerDos taX honorarIs. = 1676
After this is an Eucharistic Ode in short metre, and
* Chronicon.'
phILIppVs, saCerDos VIta sVperIs gratIssIMVs. = 1676
a VVnCVLo nepotes eX anIMo Donant. = 1676
1 ract No. 5. ' Eximio patri Domino ac Magistro nostro
Christiano Lupo, Iprensi, . . . Theologiae Doctori . . . studii
theologici regenti meritissimo, In Comitiis provincialibus Angiae 25.
Junii indictis, omnium suffragiis provinciali electo dignissimo/
Louvain, 1676. On the last page of the poem there is an hexameter
acrostic on his name ' Lupus, concluding with —
Chronicon.
LaVDetVr VIr profVnDe DoCtVs. = 1676
r
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
Tract No. 6. 'Tuba Cornea illustrissimi ac reverendissimi
Domini Francisci van Horenbeke Bruxellensis, . . . decimi Ganda-
vensium antistitis, etc., . . . per virtutem exaltata, poesi emblematica
illustrata a Juventute studiosi Gymnasii literarii M. P. Augustini
Lovanii.
Franciscus van Horenbe(k)e antistes.
Anagramma.
Habens cornu, canis natus, et ferves.'
Printed at Lou vain, 1677.
There are eight pages of poems in hexameter and pentameter
metre, each with a classical or Biblical sentence for its programme,
and followed by an emblematic poem, the latter concluding with an
allusive line in chronogram, which I proceed to transcribe separately.
The whole is a laudatory congratulation on Francis being made the
tenth bishop of Ghent—
qVIa faCIs, qVm DoCes, epIsCopaLe In VItA DeCVs
aCCIpIs =
eLoqVentIssIMVs VerbI DeI nItes, nItebIsqVe pr^bCo. =
ferVens sCeLerVM aVDIs eXtIrpator. =
DIVInIorI eX CceLo retI anIMas VenarIs. =
CLarIssIMVs DIVInI VerbI Interpres habetVr. =
CornV eIVs Lat4: eXtenDItVr per terraM. =
VIrtVte aD epIsCopatVM eLeVatVr. =
eX aLto CornV aVDIetVr MagIs. =
VIrtVtIs tIbI, saLVtIsqVe DabIt CopIaM. =
hoC prasVL, CornV CIVIVM peCCata CorrVent. =
strenWs fVLges CIVIVM Defensor. =
Van horenbeke CornV saLVtIs ganDaVensIVM. =
eXaLtatVM est CornV IpsIVs a Deo. =
FINIS.
9i
Tract No. 7. ' Stella Pastoritia lucens in tenebris, honori
Reverendi . . . Joannis Cobbelgiers Lovaniensis, ... ex Plebano
insignis ecclesise collegiatae D. Petri Lovanii optime merito, nunc
demum feliciter electi Decani . . . inscripta et dicata a Gymnasio
literario S. P. Augustini Lovanii.' Louvain, 1677. The poem con-
cludes with —
Chronicon.
es noWs DeCanVs LoVanIensIVM. =
MVsa aVgVstInIana noVo DeCano gratVLata est. =
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1677
1 ract No. 8. ' Epigrammata emblematica ad arma clypearia,
scitum, et virtutes Reverendi . . . Cobbelgiers, etc. (as in the fore-
going tract) ... by Ignatius Arnoldus Jansens.
In LIterarIo DIVI aVgVstInI gYMnasIo tIro poetICes/ =
Louvain, 1677.
1677
1677
1677
9* SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
There are three pages of emblematic poems, alluding to the star
in his armorial shield, and to his great virtues. Each poem concludes
with a ' Chronotaxis,' which, only, I transcribe —
sIDVs tWM sVb tenebrIs LVCet. = 1677
MVLtos tV paVperes hIC aDIWas. =1677
LoVanIensI In Vrbe DIsIVnCtas IVncIs Mentes. = 1677
eX CceLo VenIs orphanorVM aDIVtor. = 1677
paroChVs Das oVIbVs LVbenter VItaM. = 1677
eX pLebano DeCanVs IaM statVItVr. = 1677
VoVeo, aDhVC aLtIVs proMoVearIs. = 1677
Ignatius Artioldus Jansens, Poeta.
1 ract No. 9. ' Plausus . . . Reverendissimo . . . Auberto
Vanden Eeden Bruxellensi Juris utrique licentiato ex insignis ecclesiae
Cathedralis B. Mariae Virginis Antverpiae canonico, etc . . . nunc
demum . . . octavo Antverpiensium episcopo dignissimo datus
Gratulabunda juventute Gymnasii magni P. Augustini Antverpiae
1677/ On the back of the title-page there is an allusion to his armo-
rial device, and this anagram on his name, which are all frequently
quoted in the poem —
avbertvs.
Anagramma.
TV B E A R V S.
The poem is followed by these three chronograms —
aDes oCtaWs antVerpIensIVM pr*sVL. = 1677
IVre IVranDo In pr*LatVra antVerpIensI ConfIrMarIs. = 1677
prIDIe sIVe In VIgILIa sanCtorVM honoratVs. = 1677
1 ract No. 10. * Insignia . . . Auberti octavi Antverpiensium
episcopi emblematic^ illustrata,' etc There are eight pages of
emblematic poems founded on his armorial devices, addressed to
Bishop Aubert, of the foregoing tract, the eighth bishop of Antwerp.
These chronograms occur —
aVberte VIrtVtVM oDore epIsCopatV fLores. = 1677
aVberte VanDen eeDe fortItVDo es, aC saLVs antVerpLe. = 1677
aVbertVs prasVL pVrs MentIs CanDore VIget. = 1677
1 ract No. n. 'Reverendo . . . Anthonio Spanoge . . . mon-
asterii S. Bernardi ad Scaldim . . . inaugurate sacr&que infula
decorato gratulatur et applaudit Gymnasium S. Augustini Antverpiense
... die Aprilis.' The year date is only given by the chronograms
on the last page. The poem is entitled * Eccloga,' it is composed in
the classic style of Virgil's eclogues, with many playful allusions to
Spanoge and his armorial device on the occasion of his becoming
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS 93
abbot of Scaldim in the year thus indicated (the only chronograms in
the tract)—
IntenDIs VIrtVte tVa CLaVo optIMe faVtor = 1679
bernarDI, et CVLtor : preset tIbI MVnVs et aXIs. = 1679
lract No. 12. 'Allusio emblematica ad arma gentilitia . . .
Reverendi . . . Presulis D. Anthonii Spanoge,' the distinguished
person in the last-quoted tract There are five poems with engraved
emblems, alluding principally to his armorial devices (of which an
engraving is given in the preceding tract); four blackbirds and a
spread eagle are conspicuous in the quarterings. A motto and a
chronogram accompany each emblem. They are as follows —
Motto. — Sicut pastor gregem suum pascet. — Isaiah xl. 1 1.
Emblem. — A crook stick or staff growing in a woody landscape.
IntenDenDo1 peDo sInt pasCVa prospera1 prjesVL. ) = 6
prosper a1 svnt agnls prospera1 svntqve gregl. j * ™
Motto. — Erexit cornu salutis nobis. — Luke i. 69.
Emblem. — An ox running, with horns erect.
CornVa ManDantIs eVeXIt sIgna saLVtIs. = 1679
Motto. — In silentio et in spe erit fortitudo. — Isaiah xxx. 15.
Emblem. — A winter scene, three blackbirds in a tree.
ID MerVLuE repetVnt bene nos taCVIsse IWabIt. = 1679
Motto. — Cantabo, et psalmum dicam. — Psalm xxvL 6.
Emblem. — A summer scene, three blackbirds in a tree.
si sVperIs LaVDes CantaMVs pIngVIs aVena: = 1679
sVaVIs In hIs MERVLiE LaVDIbVs ora fLagrant. = 1679
Motto. — Esurientes implevit bonis. -^Luke i. 53.
Emblem. — An eagle has brought a tortoise to a mountain top as
food to her young.
Dona gregI piuesVL sVaVes Vt DIVIDIt esCas, = 1679
gratVs est oVIbVs VICtIMa bLanDa sVIs. = 1679
Motto. — Sicut aquila provocans ad volandum pullos suos. — Deut.
xxxii. 11.
Emblem. — An eagle followed by its young flying towards the sun.
nov sIne LaVDe probas pVLLos IoVIs arMIger aXe, = 1679
sIC qVoqVe Dat pRiEsVL gregIbVs pIa MVnera et astrI. = 1679
These final chronograms terminate the last page —
eXIgVos fobtVs abbas DIgnIssIMe CLaVo = 1679
panDIMVs IngentI, grato hos rogo sVsCIpe WLtV. = 1679
Tract No. 13. 'Vanitas aulse et Inconstantia fortunae exemplo
duorum fratrum Melianthi et Clelii confirmata,' etc. . . . Louvain,
1 His armorial nfctto is ' intende prosper e.'
94 SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
1679. — A short scholastic ' scene/ having some local allusion. There
are no chronograms.
•••
I ract No. 14. • Illustrissimo ac reverendissimo D. Joanni Ferdi-
nando van Beughem nono Antverpiensium episcopo, cum primhm in
cathedram suam solemniter induceretur. Applaudebat Gymnasium
Litterarium & P. Augustini Antverpi® mdclxxix/ The poem is in
hexameter verse, near the end this line occurs —
faVstVs aDes pilesVL, CanIMVs tIbI faVsta Ioannes. = 1679
And after the last line this chronogram follows —
Ioannes pastor DVLCIssIMVs InaVgVratVr. = 1679
1 ract No. 15. 'Allusio ad arma gentilitia . . . episcopi D. Joannis
Ferdinandi van Beughem.' (The same, the ninth bishop of Antwerp,
as mentioned in the foregoing tract.) There is an engraving of his
armorial shield, on which seven roses form the principal device ; and
there are seven engraved emblems in which those flowers or the plant
are the leading subject All these are within grandly composed borders
all of the same design, surmounted with the cardinal's hat and tassels,
and beneath the motto virtutb et constantiA. The poems are
in praise of the bishop, and are followed by these chronograms com-
plimentary to him independently of what the poems express.
fernanDVs Van beVgheM affabILIs VIgeat epIsCopVs. = 1679
Ioannes Van beVgheM, VIrtVte et ConstantIa1 DIgne
prjEsVL. = 1679
Ioannes fernanDVs natVs gratIosVs soLIs LVMIne PRiEsVL. = 1679
pastor sVaVIssIMo VIrtVtIs aDore CLarVs. = 1679
Ioannes DIV fVLgeat sVo gregJ faVste CanDIDVs. = 1679
qVIVIs perbLanDa IoannIs VoCe MoVetVr. = 1679
Van beVgheM CastItatIs oDore feLIX VIget. = 1679
prjesVL oVes pVngIt, qVI et agrIs MeDICVs est. = 1679
pr^sVL Van beVgheM In aDVersIs heroICa generosItate
gratVs. = 1679
fernanDVs sIt feLIX In iETERNVM epIsCopVs. = 1679
♦'•»♦
1 ract No. 16. i Reverendo in Christo patri P. Jacobo Baert,
grammatices magistro dulcissimo Jesu pabulo in primitiis saginato.
xix Kal. Febr. mdclxxx.' The poem, in hexameter and pentameter
verse, is preceded by this quotation—
Sicut unguentum in capite
Quod descendit in Barbam. — Psalm cxxxii. 2.
The allusions throughout are to the beard, as if the name ' Baert '
were a corruption of the Flemish word • Baard,' a beardy as in these
lines in the middle of the poem —
1 This chronogram includes the words of his motto.
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. 95
A capite in Barbam haec veniunt, a numine Christo
Qui caput, hie in Te Mysta raanere cupit
Es Barba, in Barbam descendit, dulciter unguens,
Et caput, et Barbam^ corque, fibrasque tuas. Etc. etc.
The allusion to the 'most sweet ointment' in the following
chronogram, which comes at the end of the poem, is thus rendered
intelligible —
faVste VngVento IesV DVLCIssIMo satIarIs. = 1680
Applaudebant Grammatici.
Thus concludes the volume of tracts.
hi
N exceedingly curious, and probably a rare book (British Museum,
press-mark 619. a. 14.), has this title, ' CARMELUS TRIUM-
PHANS seu sacra Panegyres sanctorum Carmelitarum ordine
alphabetico composite, cum nova et extraordinary methodo, Authore
R. P. Hermanno A. S. Barbara, Carmeliti Discalceato Leodensis.'
1688. 8°. Pp. 30 and 371. The author's dedication of the work to
John Lewis de Elderin, Prince and Bishop-elect of Liege, concludes
with these chronograms —
LaVs ebVronVM VIVat, DeCVs VrbIs et orbIs = 1688
LegIaDVMqVe pater, LVX pIa, VIta saLVs. = 1688
Ioannes LVDoVICVs ebVronVM, patrI^qVe phcebVs. = 1 688
VIVat noWs prInCeps LegIaDVMqVe patron Vs. = 1688
VIVat Ioannes LVDoVICVs ebVronVM pater. = 1688
Ioannes LVDoVICVs Vere erIt ebVronVM patron Vs. = 1688
Ioannes LVDoVICVs eX eLDeren ) _ ,ftft
prInCeps eLeCtVs aC CreatVs. " ) " I055
A complimentary address next follows, occupying three pages,
alliterative on the letter p, every word commencing with that letter.
It begins thus, 'Principi piissimo, presuli prsetantissimo pontifici
praeclarissimo. Princeps piissime, Patere, paternis provolvar pedibus,
perexiguas Panegyres praesentaturus, pro perenni pietatis pignore
posteritati propalandas:' etc etc. This is followed by some verses
to the ' novus princeps Joannes Elderin,' and these two chronograms —
prInCeps noWs gaVDIVM et eXVLtatIo nostra. = 1688
Ioannes LVDoVICVs ebVronVM phoenIX. = 1688
An address next follows, alliterative on the letter c ; and a set of
acrostic hexameter verses, five words in each having the same initial
letter, and each verse commencing with a letter of the following
sentence in regular succession, 'Vivat Joannes Ludovicus Baro ab
Elderen episcopus et princeps Leodiensis.' And some echo verses.
The author then approaches the main subject alluded to in the title-
page, and fills 371 pages with panegyrics in Latin prose, 34 in number,
on various saints, doctors, martyrs, and virgins, who had belonged to the
order of Carmelites ; each panegyric is alliterative on one of the letters
96 SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
of the alphabet from a to v. The author tells his readers that there
is 'nothing new under the sun ;' a remark that may be applied to his
own work, which is by no means the most remarkable of alliterative
compositions, yet it may take good rank among that curious and
laborious class of literary efforts. The work contains no more
chronograms.
A tract of 14 pages folio, in the library of the Rev. Walter Begley,
J-y^ is a congratulatory panegyric addressed to Carlo de Spinosa
Episcopus Tricalensis [Bishop-suffragan of Tricala=Calatabellota in
Sicily ?J and archbishop of Mechlin, bearing this title —
APPLAUSUS PANEGYRICUS
illustrissimo ac reverendissimo Domino Carolo de Spinosa ex ordine
Fratrum Minorum Capucinorum Dei et Apostolicse sedis gratia
Episcopo Tricalensi Archiepiscopatus Mechlinensis suffiraganeo, etc.
Duplex Chronicon. \i*x
InaUgUratUr trIgesIMa noVeMbrIs } ,72f
CaroLUs De spInosa. f — ^
DeI gratIA epIsCopUs trICaLensIs pIetate ornatUs. { 344
Mechiliniae 1723. J
On the back of this title-page is an engraving of the armorial
shield of this bishop, quarterly, first and/ourth argent, on a mount in
base a ' thorn ' tree supported by two wolves proper, a border charged
with eight estoilles or ; second and third sable, a fleur-de-lys argent hav-
ing two intermediate leaves or ; over all an escutcheon of pretence, the
coat as in the first and fourth quarters. The whole is surmounted by
a cardinal's hat with the crozier and mitre on either side, and beneath
is this motto, 'Securitas in timore.' Allusions are constantly made to
these devices, in the poems which constitute the subject of the tract,
and mottoes, both chronogrammatic and plain with similar allusions,
occur throughout the pages. The double chronogram, 'chronicon
duplex/ occurs very frequently, such as the number 3446, which is
twice the date 1723. The first set of verses, sixteen hexameter and
pentameter lines, follows immediately after the title alluding to the
coat of arms ; it has this heading —
Allusio, ad Insignia Gentilitia, et Lemma ; at the conclusion is this
chronogram repeating the words of the motto—
seCUrItas In tIMore saCro Vera parIt antIstItI gaUDIa.= 1723
The subject is arranged in ten divisions called * emblems ' with a
chronogram or chron-anagram for the theme of the accompanying
poems; the hexameter and pentameter metre is used in all. The
following extracts comprise all the chronograms.
The chief poem 'fills three pages and bears this introduction,
' Spiritus sanctus posuit Episcopos, regere Ecclesiam Dei, quam acqui-
sivit sanguine suo.1 — Acts xx. 28 (Vulgate Version).
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. 97
Chronicon.
VerI; te CostItUIt DeUs epIsCopUM. = 1723
Then follows a series of lesser poems, the first bears this title —
Chronicon.
De spInosa heroICIs UbIqVe MerItIs ILLUstrIs. = 1723
Plausus Emblematicus.
Illustrissimo ac reverendissimo Domino Carolo de Spinosa Tricalense.
epIsCopo, sUffraganeo oVIUM CUstoDI: = 17 13
Ad gentilitia insignia, Emblema I.
Spinas, et tribulos germinabit. — Genesis iii. 18.
It concludes with this chronicon —
De spInosa peCCatUM eXtIngUIt. = 1723
Emblema II
Et non ultra offendiculum amaritudinis, et spina dolorem inferens.
— Ezekiel xxviii. 24 (Vulgate Version).
The poem is entirely in chronogram, as follows, each couplet
making twice 1723=3446, a 'double chronogram '— •
herCULeos patItUr taM noCte, DIeqUe Labores. ) _ ,
LUX orItUr MessIs, raDlA Longa sUbIt. J 344
InDefessUs aDest, Messor sUDatqUe, VaCatqUe, I 6
InDULgetqUe operI Is, CertIfICata saLUs. J "" 344
DenIqUe post operas, post arDUa MeMbra qUIesCUnt \ _ ,
et CarpIt frUCtUs, fIt pIa CUra qUIes. J " 344°
prmsULIs offICIUM est LUCere, Monere, DoCere, I ,
hUJUs, et antIstes tU qUoqUe testIs aDes. / 344
sUnt CUr* spInm, sUnt spIn/e InCoMMoDa VIt^e. ) _ ,
In CrUCe non VItas, seD generosUs oVas. J ~" 344
aD sUperos CaLCanDa Manet VIa regIa CiELI. ) ,
IntrepIDUsqUe heros arDUa qILeqUe sUbIt. j ~~ 344
post LUCtUs, CUrasqUe graVes, post nVbILa phgebUs. ) ,
post MorteM Dono Vera Corona DatUr. j ~~ 344
Chronicon.
De spInosa pIetatIs faX argUe, obseCra, 2 Tim. iv. 2. ) __
InCrepa In oMnI patIentIA. j "" I'2$
Emblema III
Velociores Lupis vespertinis. — Habac. i. 8.
The poem concludes with this chronicon — .
CaroLUs De spInosa antIstes fUgat HjeresIs LUpUM. = 1723
Emblema IV.
Sicut Lilium inter Spinas. — Canticles ii. 2.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
VerI: A De spInosa LILIVM ConserVatUr. = 1723
Emblema V.
Ero quasi ros, Israel germinabit sicut Lilium. — Hosea xiv. 5.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
DoCtrIn*: pabULUM LargItUr sUIs. = 1723
N
98 SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
Entblema VI.
Flos crescens in campo, et Lilium in valle.
Ego Flos campi, et Lilium convallium. — Canticles ii. i.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
LILIUM iNTEGRiE pUDICItLe tYpUs. = 1723
Emblema VII.
Sicut Lilium inter spinas.— Canticles il 2.
Antistes inter spinas, et Lilia degens elevatis oculis ad
coelestem suspirat patriam.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
De spInosa LILIa tIbI VICtorIaM InnUUnt. = 1723
Emblema VIII.
Chrono-programma.
CaroLUs antIstes VIrtUtUM spLenDorr enItet.1 = 1723
Chron-anagramma.
De spInosa steLLa eMICet; rUUnt: tUtor nUtrIes.1 = 1723
Orietur stella ex Jacob. — Numbers xxiv. 1 7.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
fULgens sIDUs assIgnat VobIs CceLUM. = i723
Emblema IX.
Fulgebunt quasi splendor in firmamento, et qui ad
justitiam erudiunt multos quasi Stellas in perpetuas
aeternitates. — Daniel xii. 3.
LUX popULI prjEsUL popULo saCra DogMata panDIt.
DIVItIasqUe aperIt : sana patrare DeCet.2
InstrUCtUs VIrtUtUM aCIe VeLUt astra refULget.
antIstes MerItIs (perge Monere) sCates."
ILLI8 aD JUstItIas (perfUsI CoeLItUs iESTU)
erUDIUnt MULtos, hI pIetate MICant.2
et VeLUtI sUa CoKtra hostes DUX agMIna DUCIt;
SIC ETlAM PRiESUL perge praJre greges.2
ID faCIs eXeMpLIs, eXeMpLIs CorDa trahUntUr;
tangUnt Verba, gregIs peCtora, et ore trahIt.2
Chronicon.
PRiEsUL sUos bonIs pr«CeDIt eXeMpLIs. = 1723
Emblema X.
Quasi Stella matutina in medio nebulae. — Ecclesiasticus 1. 6.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
peCCatorIbUs JesU VIaM ostenDUnt. = 1723
1 Obsefve the anagram combined with the chronogram.
* These again are doable chronograms, making twice 1723. s Daniel xit 3.
}-
3446
1=
344«
}-
344^
}-
344^-
}-
3446
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. 99
Emblema XL
Species coeli gloria Stellarum, mundum illuminans in
excelsis Dominus. — Ecclesiasticus xliii. 10.
The poem concludes with this chronicon —
steLLa LUX Interne hoMInIbUs spLenDens. = 1723
Then follows a quintuple hexameter acrostic on the name, etc.,
of the bishop, 'Vivat Carolus De Spinosa Episcopus Tricalensis/
which is preceded by this chronicon —
CaroLUs De spInosA stIrpe erIt antIstes VIgILantIssIMUs. = 1723
After the acrostic the tract concludes thus —
Chronicon.
VIVat CaroLUs prjEsUL aMore DeI nItens = 1723
CaroLe antIstes hIs festIs eXULtanDo Mater Vestra = 1723
orDo CapUCInorUM tIbI VoVet = 1723
hIC, atqUe posthaC sUperna In^ternUM gaUDIa; = 1723
Carole tota Hbi est devincta Provincia-Flandro-Belgica,
quam meritis vis decorare tuis.
DAT GAUDIA VIRTUS.
A pamphlet in the collection of the Rev. Walter Begley affords a
conspicuous example of the late use of chronograms on the
occasion of a public festival/viz., in the year 181 7, when such use was
fading away from notoriety in all parts of Europe, even in the little
kingdom of Belgium, which at the time in question had just emerged
from the political dangers of the great European war. For the period
of six years preceding this date the archiepiscopal see of Malines had
been vacant, ' sans Titulaire,' when through the intervention of the
King of the Netherlands, and of Pope Pius vn., the Prince de M£an,
a prelate who had gained high reputation in another diocese, was
chosen to be the new Archbishop of Malines, to the great joy and
satisfaction of the inhabitants of that city. His solemn entry was
celebrated there on the 13th October 18 17, by a festival and proces-
sion such as the Belgians had been accustomed to in former days.
On this occasion the city was decorated with triumphal arches, and
upon them, as well as on the public buildings and private houses, an
unusual number of congratulatory and complimentary inscriptions
were exhibited, a large proportion of which were in chronogram. At
the conclusion of the festival they were of course removed, and all
would probably have been forgotten but for the enthusiastic care of
the anonymous producer of the pamphlet from which I make the
extracts. The size thereof is octavo, in 40 pages. The title-page is
as follows — *
1 This carries on the account of Netherlands pageants from my book on Chronograms >
P. 432-
100
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS.
1 COLLECTION
DES PRINCIPAUX
CHRONOGRAMMES,
emblemes, vers, et autres inscriptions qui ont decore* la ville de
Malines a Toccasion de Pen tree de S. A. le Prince de Mean, comme
ArchevSque de cette ville, le 13 Octobre 18 17.
Haec olim meminisse juvabit.
Virg. 1. iEneidos 203.
A Malines, chez P.-J. Hanicq, imprimeur de PArchev£che7
The chronogrammatic inscriptions were in three languages, some
in Flemish, others in classic Latin, and a few in French. The
descriptions of the decorations are in French. For the sake of
brevity I omit most of the Flemish, and some few of the others,
which, for us in the present day, do not possess much interest or
meaning. The whole number in the book (and they are only the
principal chronograms used on the occasion) is 140, from which I
extract 113.
An arch at the Porte de Louvain bore the following —
prjEsULI CIVItateM soLennIter IngreDIentI ereCta. = 181 7
And the statues of Abundance and Moderation were inscribed —
sponsUs aDest prjEsUL! MeChLInIa L^eta resULta. = 181 \
Is tIbI nUnC JaCIat seMIna saCra DIU. = 181 5
Another inscription thereon was —
feLICes popULI ! X CceLo DUCtore potItI ! ) _ , f 1813
QUI Dat CoMMIssIs pabULa Vera sIbI. j " 3 34 \ 181J
Another triumphal arch was inscribed —
La VILLe De MaLInes X son arCheVIqUe. = 18 15
The facade of the church of Hanswyck was inscribed —
prInCIpI De Mean arChIepIsCopo sUo IntrantI oVes. = 1813
eCCe saCerDos MagnUs gregI sUo gratUs Intrat. = 181;
gaUDeant nUnC oMnes CharI CIVes. = 181 1
And this was in the interior, on a statue of the Virgin Mary —
sanCta DeI genItrIX sis arChIepIsCopo pIa Mater. = 18 15
And these appeared in the Hanswyck street —
nUnC ConCUpItUM aDeptI. = 181 3
VIVat aCCeptUs prInCeps De M£an. = 1813
VerWILLekoMt aLLe Den aertsbIssChop. = 181 3
Among others this was on the house of a painter —
Den sChILDer WensCht Den prIns geLUk, = 181;
aLs bIssChop heM De VoLLe JUbeL-krUk. =1813
aLLe MYn VerVen, borsteLs, penCeeLen ) _ «
zYn tot zYnen DIenst. / ~~ l l*
The next one alluded to the patron saint of Malines, St. Rumold —
sis Constans aC patIens Ut aLter rUMoLDUs. = 181;
These were on private houses —
CIVes nobILI aC InsIgnI pr^esULI De M£an. = 18 13
C'est enfIn aUJoUrD'hUI, MonseIgneUr, qUe Vos oUaILLes
VoUs soUhaItent Le bIen-VenU. = 181 j
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. i o i
Le saCerDoCe D£sIre Le bonheUr De Votre arrIV^e: = 1817
JoUr reMarqUabLe qUe Le treIze oCtobre Dans Les
annaLes. = 181 7
Ita eX IntroItU eJUs totUs LiETATUR senatUs, totUsqUe
popULUs MeChLInIensIs abUnDe. = 181 7
Venez, oUI Venez, ILLUstre arCheV£qUe si DesIr£;
qUeLLe JoIe ICI, qUeL bonheUr poUr Les CItoYens De
La VILLe. = 1817
soYez aInsI Le bIen-VenU, DIgne pr£Lat, Dans Ce DIoCfesE. = 181 7
LoUi soIt L'arCheVIqUe franCoIs De M£an. = 181 7
On the front of a house —
eCCe nUnC teMpUs gaUDII. = 1817
VerbLYD U nU aLLe MeCheLaeren. = 18 17
hoDIe oCCUrrIte oMnes ILLUstrI antIstItI. = 181 7
On the Hotel de Ville—
speCtato PRiEsULI soLeMnIter IngreDIentI CIVItas. = 181 7
gratULaMUr fe CorDe arChIprjEsULI. = 1817
k*C antIstItI IntrantI DoMUs CIVICa. = 181 7
The Cathedral was adorned with many devices and inscriptions ;
these were among the chronograms —
Intrante franCIsCo antonIo, pontIfICe sUo, tanDeM
respIraVIt. = 1817
These were put up with wreaths of flowers and laurels —
tenUe DeVotI greg Is hoC aCCepta sertUM. = 181 7
haC nobILIorI LaUro sUbMIssos sIbI DeCorabIt. = 1817
And these with various appropriate devices —
De DIgno PRiEsULE sUo gaUDet eCCLesIa. == 181 7
DeCUs thronI tUI CresCet iETERNUM. = 1817
eLegIt eUM DeUs eCCLesLe sUje. = 181 7
oVes reCte aUDIent VoCeM pasCentIs, = 18 17
q\Jm CUrta seMIta aD oVILe CceLeste. = 181 7
gratI Deo, fILII paCIs geMInabUnt aLLeLUIa, = 1817
qUaM pULChra seDes EVANGELIsTiE paCIs ! = 1817
nUnC atroX DIsCorDIa CeDat. = 18 17
paX De CceLo nobIs, aMen, aLLeLUIa ! = 1817
Sur deux pyramides —
Intrat oVans MUros pr«sUL, Date CantICa LiETA. = 181 7
prasULe franCIsCo PERAMiENOS eDIte pLaUsUs. = 181 7
Sur deux autres, qui Itaient plac^es au Palais de Justice —
oMnIpotens DeUs sUCCUrrat epIsCopo. = 1817
Les boUrgeoIs a UarCheV^qUe prInCe De M£an. = 181 7
On the Archbishop's palace gate —
aCCeptUs pr«sUL LjetItIa DoMUs. = 181 7
At the gate of ' Le Seminaire Archtepiscopal ' —
CLerUs arChIprjesULI sUo De M^an. = 1817
DIgne PRiEsUL, aCCIpe Vota theoLogorUM. = 18 17
DIU prasIs oVILI, CeLsIssIMe prInCeps. = 18 17
festInat PRiEsUL CUnCtIs aDferre saLUteM. = 181 7
102 SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS
At a niche containing a statue of the Virgin —
eLeCta VIrgo CUstoDI prasULeM. = 1817
On the outside of the same building many emblems were put up,
with various inscriptions, including these hexameter and pentameter
chronograms —
1. eUok optatUs aDest pr^esUL MeChLInIa psaLLe. = 18 17
2. Ista DoMUs, franCIsCe, tUo L*tata resULtat = 181 7
aspeCtU, et MerItos ConspIrat fUnDere CantUs. = 18 17
3. prjEsUL aDest, CIVes h/erk Cantate trIUMphos. = 181 7
4. o prInCeps MItIs ! popULI tIbI CopIa pLaUDat, = 181 7
CUM tIbI sIt ChrIstI traDIta CUra gregIs. = 1817
5. CasIbUs aDVersIs tIbI sInt soLaMIna CceLI. = 1817
6. nos Contra VIgILanDo LUpos DefenDe VoraCes, = 181 7
soLLICItasqUe preCes VotaqUe reDDe Deo. = 1817
7. o PRiEsUL paCIs ! DeCorato teMpUs oLIVa. = 1817
8. gaUDIa Vos reCreent, pULsetIs CorDe DoLores, = 181 7
prjEsUL aDest CUnCto regULa fIrMa gregI. = 181 7
9. Mentes L^etIfICat VenIens aD oVILIa ChrIstI. = 181 7
10. prjeLatUs VenIt VIDUje gratIssIMUs UrbI, ) _ g
faUsta poLo CIVes soLVere Vota JUVet. / '
11. Vota pIo LjEtUs proMIt De peCtore CLerUs. = 1817
12. prjeLato, CeLebrI qUeM nobIs DUCtor ab Urbe = 1817
Ipse pIUs Donat, DeLeCta appLaUDo CaterVa 1 = 1817
13. fInIbUs absCeDat beLgarUM, PRitsULE Charo = 1817
franCIsCo, IMpIetas: VIVIto prIsCa fIDes. = 1817
14. VastI Hi«C CUra gregIs Labor est, o prjesUL aManDe ! = 1817
pergraVIs, ast LoqUerIs: non (CreDe) reCUso
Labor eM. = 1817
15. aLMas paX fIget, franCIsCo pr^bsULe, seDes = 181 7
In beLgIs: feLIX arrIDe DILIa sCaLDI. = 1817
16. ILLe poLos serUs VaDat posCaMUs In aLtos, = 1817
aC iEVo MULto pasCat oVILe DeI ! =-- 1817
17. nUnC Veteres PATRliE spLenDores MeChLa reVIset. = 1817
On the ' Petit S^minaire '—
CoLLegIUM VeneranDo sUo proteCtorI. = 181 7
franCIsCo-antonIo gaUDentes Vota CanaMUs. = 1817
At the ' College Municipal,' where much poetry and many chrono-
grams were exhibited, with emblems, etc. —
saCrato PRiEsULI, Meantano prInCIpI, VIt/e sanC-")
tItate CLarIssIMo saCrorUM aMore ConstantIa- ( _ ,g
qUe In sUos InsIgnI, sapIentI, aLUMnI CoLLegII j '
MeChLInIensIs Ut gratI ponI CUrarUnt. )
VIX LUX DIMICUI, VI LUI, LUXI.1 = 1817
1 This is a ' pure chronogram, ' every letter being counted. ^ _
r
SOME FLEMISH BISHOPS. 103
eMICet antIstes Constans! pLebs, LaUDe frUatUr, = 181 7
VI Vat In jeternUM Casta Corona, DeCor, = 181 7
o DeCUs, o eXtans CLerI fLorentIs aMator, = 181 7
sInCero faCto CeDe MInerVa sagaX. = 181 7
DoneC erIt pronUs phcebUs, bIs SjeCULa taLeM = 1817
HAUD FAMjE TRiBUENT, aIJREA SiECLA LICet. = 181 7
TlRONES CANTENT LaUDUM PRiECONlA pLUra = 18 1 7
atqUe DeCUs toLLant, noMIna saCra VIro. = 1817
gratUs aMor, paCata qUIes, ConCorDIa Vera, = 181 7
eXeMpLar, CastUs, gLorIa saCra DeI. = 181 7
artIbUs antIstes DoCtor faMAqUe CorUsCas = 1817
MorIbUs eXCeLLens, et pIetate DeCor. = 181 7
ConCorDI peragUnt festUM VenerabILe, fLore = 18 17
Vates, ContInUo VoCe CI£re MoDos. = 18 17
eXtoLLIMUs ConCorDIter. = 181 7
tUbA aC CantIbUs aDDIte DeCUs. = 181 7
qUID MiECENATE prjesULe CLarIUs ? = 1817
MUnUsCULa CorDIaLIa = 1817
Deferunt Studiosi Clarissirao Archiepiscopo.
On the front of the « Hopital Civil'—
epIsCopo sUo appLaUDUnt saCr>e MonIaLes, = 1817
MULtos paCatosqUe DIes PRiEsULI appreCantes. = 181 7
epIsCopUs, Monente paULo, hospItaLIs, hospItaLIa ) _ Qt„
DILIget. /- l817
arChIepIsCopaLe peDUM eLeVatUr. = 181 7
De M£an, aLter franCIsCUs, antonIUsqUe aLter, = 1817
hUMILItate, sanCtItate, VIgILantIA DoCtrInA. = 18 17
In Verbo, In ConVersatIone, In CharItate, In fIDe ) = «
gregeM pasCet. / '
sUper CanDeLabrUM Ipse LUCebIt. = 1817
The procession was accompanied by several emblems, among
them was a triumphal car representing the Church, inscribed —
SEDIS APOSTOLICiE ET REGIME MaJeSTATIs GRATIA LiETANTUR
CIVes. =1817
A ship representing the s Barque of Saint Peter,' inscribed —
JaCtent VesanA VI, haUD Mergent proCeLLjE. = 181 7
On board the ship were ' young sailors ' who chanted a long poem
with a recurring chorus, in the Flemish language. The last words of
the pamphlet are : May the epoch of the return of the peace and
happiness which our ancestqrs enjoyed in their good old times, date
from this festival, distinguished by its cordiality and its sincerity.
MISCELLANEOUS GRATULATIONS.
N this chapter I bring into notice many chronogram-
matic memorials of persons and events appertaining
to Flanders and Holland, extracted from books of
considerable variety, and not belonging particularly to
the subjects of the two preceding chapters.
A book in the British Museum Library (press-mark 11122. d. 5.-2),
J-\^ by F. H. Canisius, a priest at Bois-le-Duc, in Brabant, printed at
Louvain in 1661, containing poems and epigrams addressed to various
persons, enigmas, and logographs or word-puzzles, all in Latin, * for
the exercise of young people.' Several chronograms adorn the pages.
The title is, F. Henrici Canisii Sylvae-ducensis Ord. FF. Erem.
S. P. Augustini S. Th. Licentiati. Fasciculus Laureatus coin-
prehendens poemata LX. dignitati et honori diversorum inscripta,
Diversis pro diversis ab eo composita, nunc sub auctoris nomine simul
exposita: Quibus subjunguntur L. senigmata, et totidem logdgriphi
ad exercitium studiosae juventutis. Lovanii, 161 1. 8°. The following
are selected extracts —
Poem L, to John of Austria,1 on his arrival in Brabant as governor,
concludes with this duplex chronicon —
hIC aDest fLos heroVM. = 1656
beLLI fVLMen aDest. = 1656
Poem ii., to the same, concludes with —
VICtor beLgas MoDerare: = 1656
aC Da saLVteM patrIjE. = 1656
Sec Index to this, and former volume of Chronograms, John of Austria.
FLANDERS— MISCELLANEOUS GRATULATIONS. 105
Poem iv., to John Cruesen, on his being made archbishop of
Mechlin and primate of Belgium, concludes with—
DIgna es CoLVMna patrLe. = 1657
pIa saCerDotVM gLorIa. = 1657
DeLICIVM. = 1657
Poem vi., to John van Wachtendonck, bishop of Namur, con-
cludes with three chronograms, two being in the first verse, and one
in the second (the inserted bars divide the chronograms) — , ,
InCLIIta, Io, tanDeM || ConDIgnjB gLorIa MIlTRiE = < *;54
Donata est: pLan& CoMpetIt Ista tIbI. = 1654
Poem ix., to John Chrysostom vander Steere, abbot of the
Praemonstratensian monastery of St Michael at Antwerp —
spLenDe, o steLLa MIhI : || pater o ChrIIsostoMe i = 1652
spLenDk: • 1 ss 1652
Me CLaro, antIstes, raDIo || DIgnare CLIenteM. < ^ l^2
Poem xix., to F. Philip du Beyne, a reverend, pious, and wise
man, concludes with these allusions to his wisdom —
sapIens DeVM pLaCat. = 1656
sapIens MVnDo pLaCet. = 1656
Poem xx., to Jacobus Paludanus of the Praemonstratensian order.
The motto ' omnibus ' runs through the poem, which concludes thus —
MI JaCobe paLVDane ! =1657
oMnIbVs DonIs CLare, = 1657
profICIas aD saLVteM. = 1657
Poem xliii., to a learned physician, concludes with —
fLore In MeDICIna. = 1653
Poem xliv., to another learned physician, concludes with —
DoCtrIna per phILosophIaM, = 1653
gLorIa e MeDICIna = 1653
tIbI JaM CLARk Data. = 1653
Poem xlv., to another physician, concludes with —
arteM stVDIosI: CoLe. = 1656
X MeDICo saLVs. = 1656
I omit eighty other chronograms, because the sense and meaning
of them would be very obscure if separated from the verses with
which they are associated They consist of allusions to 'armorial
bearings, anagrams on names, repetitions of the words of mottoes
to poems, and of words interwoven with the lines of epigrams, etc.,
all of which would necessitate transcripts of long poems, curious
indeed when read from the book itself, but which would be uninterest-
ing as extracts even when enlivened by the chronograms.
The logogriphs alluded to in the title-page extend from p. 219 to
p. 263, and finish the volume. They do not afford any chronograms.
BoS^MlSES
io6
COLLEGE OF GRAMMONT
APPLAUSES BY MEMBERS OF THE COLLEGE
OF GRAMMONT.
A curious book, and probably a rare one both in England and on
the Continent, belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, contains
a great number of short devotional poems and couplets, all in Latin,
each having for its theme an anagram expressing some circumstance
or sentiment connected with Christianity, or the ceremonial of the
Romish Church. The second part of the work, in the same poetical
form as the first, has rather a biographical character ; the anagrams
and verses relate to persons either renowned in current European
history, or locally eminent The anagrams are the leading feature of
the work, and are exceedingly ingenious ; but as they do not belong
strictly to my subject, I omit them except where the words of which
they are composed are interwoven with chronograms; indeed the
chronograms, which are scattered through the book, seem to have
been used by the authors as occasional ornaments. The work was
put together by one, though written by fifty-one members (' rhetores ')
of the college of Saint Adrian at Monte Gerardi (Grammont) in
Flanders, and was published in 165 1. The title-page is as follows —
Rhetorum
Collegii S. Adriani
oppidi Gerardimontani in Flandria Poesis Anagrammatica sub
Quintino Duretio Insulensi monasterii ejusdem S. Adriani ordinis S.
P. Bencdicti presbytero reiigioso. Antverpiae, apud Petrum Bellerum
mdcli. Supenorum permissu. Pp. 389. 8°.
Page 25. A poem in iambic verse, on the crucifixion of Jesus
Christ, concludes with this chronogram —
IesV ChrIsto DeI VnIgenIto saLVatorI nostro affeCtV
Vero aC DeVoto noVa annI IVbILarIs strena Conse-
Crata. =
At page 45 this ' chronicon ' occurs —
QViE sVnt eX Verso bone IesV noMIne LaVDes, I __
sInt grata eXorans nostra thaLIa petIt. J
At page 76 commences a series of poems with special titles, all
under the head of ' Rosarium sanctae Virginis Matris.' The second
poem (each distich ending with the word 'ave') has this title,
* Preparation — 'Tot chronicis anni Jubilsei 1650, quot distichis
expressa.'
VIrgo parens ChrIstI parVo sVCCVrre CLIentI, 1
CarMIne qVI eXILI pangere gestIt aVe. J
faC preCor eXVrgat parnassI LYMpha * CabaLLI, I _
Conferat Vt VersVs Verba saLVtIs aVe. J ""
1650
1649
1650
1650
1 The letter Y counts as II = 2.
f
}=
COLLEGE OF GRAMMONT.
sCrIptVilbqVe saCro faC effLVat VnDa CanaLI,
Vt bene ConVenIens Det tIbI serVVs aVe.
sIC pIa Verba DeCent, fceLIX atqVe InCLYta1 VIrgo,
non aLIter pLaCeat qVoD tIbI fertVr aVe.
Vtpote sIDereIs eXtas VbI CInCta CoronIs,
non nIsI VoCe saCrA sVsCIpIs IstVD aVe.
qVoD tVLIt eX CceLo fceLICIs nVntIVs hor*:,
VsqVe CanIt repetens et DoCet aLes aVe.
angeLVs Iste tVI PRiECo est eXCeLsVs honorIs,
est eX CorDe Canens qVoD tIbI Cantat aVe.
qVje responsa tVo eXCepIt bernarDVs ab ore,
ferVIDVs Ista tIbI pangere gaVDet aVe.
atqVe tVas CceLI se CVrIa CVrVat aD aras,
eXVLtansqVe pIo peCtore DICIt aVe.
sIC rogo CceLItIbVs nostras ConIVngIto VoCes,
eXhIbItI Vt pLaCeat pIgnVs aMorIs aVe.
The next 160 pages contain no chronograms. At page 238 a
poem addressed to Jacobus Boonen, Archbishop of Mechlin and
Primate of Belgium, concludes with —
PRiEsVLIs aDVentVM pangIt LVX festI IoannIs.
At page 242 the poem addressed to Francis Vander-Burch, Arch-
bishop and Duke of ' Cameracensium/ when he administered the
sacrament of confirmation at Grammont, concludes thus —
nona patet IVnI CeLebrans ConVIVIa ChrIstI, )
Vt franCIsCe pater LIMIna nostra sVbIs. J ~"
At page 244 the poem to William Wits, President of the Council
of Flanders, concludes thus —
non VarIa eXhIbeo, ne sInt onerosa ferentI
Metra; soLent sensIbVs qVoDLIbet esse graVe.
At page 246 the poem to Benedict Haeften, president of the
monastery at Affligen, concludes thus —
si CceLeste DeCVs VaLeas In fIne tenere, )
CertIVs et TVrfe tVnC beneDICtVs erIs. j
At page 262 the poem to Christian Roelofs, on his inauguration
as President of the monastery of SS. Cornelius and Cyprian, near
Ninove, in Belgium —
Mens hILarIs potabIt aqVas De fonte saLVtIs,
VIrtVte abbatIs qVI referatVs erIt.
At page 287 the poem to Martin Gouffart, on his inauguration as
abbot of the monastery of S. Dionysius, near Mons in Hainault, con-
cludes thus — . .. ,
Afiagramma chrontco expluatumy
Martinus Gouffart Praelatus
Ornatus mitri supra affulget
ornatVs MItrA noWs Iste affVLgeat abbas,
ferVIDVs In sVperos pLVs pIetate nItet.
107
}-
1650
}-
1650
}-
1650
}-
1650
}-
1650
}-
1650
\-
1650
}-
}-
}=
161
= 163s
1635
1636
1636
1638
1646
1 The letter Y counts as II = a.
108 COLLEGE OF GRAMMONT.
At page 312 the poem to Antonius Lewaitte, on his inauguration
as abbot of the monastery l of Moulins, concludes thus —
Anagramma chronko explication.
Antonius Lewaitte.
Est ut inventa oliva.
eCCe InVenta DeI frVCtVs qVm Donat oLIVa, ) 6
Vt noWs Iste abbas CLaVstra saCrata regIt. j l *
At page 318 the poem to Martin le Brun, abbot of St Adrian,
contains this distich towards the end —
Vt phcebI eXorIens LVX VnICa PRiEVALET VMbrIs, ) _ ,
sIC VIrtVs VItII nVbILa CVnCta fVgat. / ~ It>35
At page 320 the poem to Charles Cuni, director of the reformed
Benedictine order in the monastery of St Adrian, concludes thus —
HjeC ego pro XenIo trIbVo VeneranDe saCerDos, ) = 6
et IanI aVspICIIs prospera CVnCta preCor. J 37
At page 324 the poem to John Baptist Daneels, of the supreme
Belgium Council at Mechlin, concludes thus —
ID tIbI Vt eVenIat, XenII Mea Vota preCantVr, ) 6
Vt sVperIs parIter sInt ea grata rogo. J "~ 49
At page 335 this anagram, explained by the chronogram, is
addressed to Antonius Francis de Gruter, a consul at Grammont —
Antonius Franciscus de Gruter
Anagram.
Terris decor, tu nunc fias agnus.
agnVs VtI In terrIs DeCor, et sis sVppLICo DIVIs ; 1 fi
hmC tIbI pro XenIo ConsVLe Vota LVbens. j "" $
And this, in like manner, to John Damman, a person of import-
ance— *
Joannes Damman
Anagram.
Mane doni amans.
qV* trIbVIs potIVs, tV DILIge Dona Ioannes, ) _ .
taLIbVs eX DonIs Ipse beatVs erIs. j "" $°
At page 336, and this to Livinus de Bruyne, a less important
person8 —
Livinus de Bruyne.
Anagram.
En uni urbi Delius.
en raDIans VIrtVte tVa LIVIne VIDerIs, \ __ fi
spargIs et In nostra DeLIVs Vrbe IVbar. J *" l6S°
1 Suppressed, and now used as an iron foundry.
2 In the margin he is designated as ' Primus Scab/ a functionary I am unable to identify,
probably a magistrate.
* This and the three following are designated in the margin as 'Scab' : probably a
magistrate or ' town-councillor.'
COLLEGE OF GRAMMONT. 109
And this to John Vanden Houte, another less important person —
Joannes vanden Houte.
Anagram.
Ann6 & Deo innovatus ?
opto tIbI eX toto grat* renoVata IVVentje ) = ,
Vt reDeVnt aqVIL* teMpora pLVra senL J ~" * *
And this to Martin van Yperselle, another less important person —
Martinus van Yperselle.
Anagram.
En superna meritus lilia.
Ipse VIgens VarIa IVstVs VIrtVte VIDerIs ; ) = ,
LILIa pro MerIto nonne sVperna feres? j l *°
And this to Giles Bess, another less important person —
Aegidius Besius.
Anagram.
Assidu§ vigebis.
jEgIDI assIDVa totVs VIrtVte VIgebIs, ) _ 6
si ChrIstI VERfe IVssa tenere stVDes. J 5
And this to James Dolislaegher, another less important person —
Jacobus Dolislaeger.
Anagram.
Sol Deo clarus, ibi age.
soL VeLVtI, CLarVsqVe Deo trIbVente CorVsCas, ) _ 6
CLarIor atqVe sVper sIDera phcebVs erIs. J ~" l *°
And this to John Roelofs, another magistrate designated as
yuaesor— Joannes Roelofs.
Anagram.
In eo flosne rosa?
FLOS PVRiE VlRTVs ANlMiE ROSA NONNE TENENDa ? ) = +
nIL VIrtVte tVa sVaVIVs esse potest. j *
And this to David Berens, a person worthy of notice, and desig-
nated Pensionarius and Graphiarius —
David Berens.
Anagram.
Ride beandus.
pLorantes VIVant qVIbVs est spes parVa saLVtIs, ) ,
tV rIDe berens, naMqVe beatVs erIs. j "" *
And this to Philip van Cromphaut, the last of the honoured
persons of Grammont, another ' Graphiarius ' —
Philippus van Crompaut.
Anagram.
Tu pius in pulchra pompl
tV pIVs et pVLChro VI Vis, regnasqVe trIVMpho, ) _ ,
CastrIs angeLICIs sIC soCIatVs erIs. j ~ 5°
no
COLLEGE OF GRAMMONT.
1638
1644
1638
At page 351, the poem to Hubert Meurant, a religious inmate of
the monastery of St Adrian, concludes thus—
Si RVBVS -fiTHEREO NON VRERlS IGNE SaCerDoS, ) =
VIrgInea MentIs sVnt pIa sIgna tV*. /
VIrgo MarIa fVIt Ver£ Isto CognIta sIgno, 1 _
VNA DeI PARlTER QViE fVIt atqVe parens. J
Hubertus Meurant
Anagram.
En rubet maturus.
presbYter InsIgnIs Certe est MatVrVs hVbertVs, ) _
Ipse estate VIret, seD pIetate rVbet. j
At page 382, the poem to Adrian Casier, another in the same
position, has this anagram and chronogram —
Adrianus Casier.
Anagram.
Acris es in ardua.
prosternenDo tVos sVb IesV fortIter hostes, ) _.
VICtor e6 VenIes, paX VbI Vera Manet. j
At page 385, the poem to Gregory Moulenbay, another religious
inmate of the monastery of St Adrian, thus compliments him —
Gregorius Moulenbay.
Anagram.
Ego vir moribus Angeli.
In ChrIsto LjetVs IVCVnDos ConCIpe pLaVsVs ) _ -
est IVbIL/eI annVs IjetItIaqVe DIes. j ~ I05°
This curious book finishes with the names of the fifty-one con-
tributors and composers of the poetry and anagrams; 'Nomina eorum
qui huic Poesi Anagrammaticae allaboraverunt.,
1650
THE DUKE CHARLES ALEXANDER CELEBRATES
THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE LOUVAIN CANAL.
XHE commencement of the construction of a canal from Louvain
to the Scheld, in the presence of the Duke Charles Alex-
r. Governor of the Netherlands, was celebrated by public
rejoicings, triumphal arches were put up in the streets, and among
other decorations the town-hall ('court-house') was handsomely
adorned and bore the following chronograms and many other appro-
priate inscriptions ; the whole is described in a rare tract of twelve
pages, belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, bearing this title,
4 Inscriptiones curiae Lovaniensis ; cum serenissimus princeps Carolus
Alexander Lotharingias et Barri Dux, etc etc, supremus Belgii guber-
nator, inter festivos civium applausus, Lovanii Primitias operis Novo
f
THE LOUVAIN CANAL. m
Canali in Scaldim, arrepto ligone, daret hac 9 Februarii 1750.' On
the back of the title-page is this very long chronogram —
k CCC. annIs CUrIa LoVanIensIs strUI CospIt; CUrIa\
JUrk sUo JUbILat ; CUrIAqUe JUbILante, CaroLUs I
LotharIngUs, beLgII gUbernator generaLIs (Inter >= 1750
festIVos appLaUsUs) Iter aperIt noVo CanaLI ; CUI j
gratULatUr senatUs popULUsqUe LoVanIensIs. J
ie. At 300 years after the court-house of Louvain began to be built?
the Court rejoices in its own right; and at the rejoicings of the Courts
Charles [Duke] of Lorraine > Governor-General of the Netherlands
(amongst festive applauses), opened the way by a new canal; him the
Senate and people of Louvain congratulate.
As if in contrast with the foregoing chronogram, containing 72
numeral letters, the same date, 1750, is made, in that which follows,
by the smallest possible number of such letters. On page 4 a picture
is described, representing a hand holding the diploma of the under-
taking, bearing the chronogram motto —
hoC tanDeM pLaCet. = 1750
i.e. This undertaking at length gives satisfaction.
The accompanying narrative mentions that on the preceding 25th
of January the city was freed from the French yoke, and on the 23d
of the next January (i.e. 1750), the Prince conceded the canal, and
gave the diploma ; both events are indicated by the following chrono-
grams, with marginal notes —
Note to the first line. — Hac die concessit dux Carolus canalem.
Note to the second line. — Inde laeti commissarii redierunt
Lovanium, 25.
XXV. JanUarII annI praterItI gaLLICUs hostIs abIIt\
LoVanIo: (
XXIIL JanUarII annI pr/esentIs, Urbs LoVanIensIs [ 1'*°
reCIpIebat A prInCIpe CanaLeM. )
i.e. On 2$th January of the past year the French enemy retired from
Louvain : on 2$d January of the present year the city of Louvain
received the canal from the prince.
Passing over several ordinary inscriptions, we reach, at page 6,
the mention of a representation of Duke Charles's chariot, with this
inscription, which tells us that the mounds and ditches, recently con-
structed for warlike purposes, are now useful for the new undertaking —
'eCCe LaboranDo remanent. = 1750
Aggeribus nuper Martis, vallisque fu€runt,
Nunc Grudiis apta, tempore pacis, erunt :
eCCe LaboranDo remanent; has cespite plenas = 1750
Ducite carrucas ; nee gravet iste labor.
Aspirat vestro Dux Carolus ipse labori,
Datque dabitque animos, qui patefecit iter/
1 The building of the beautiful H6tel de Ville at Louvain was commenced in the year
1450-
112
THE LOUVAIN CANAL.
1-
And at page 11, a ship described as sailing in a south wind,
* Austro flante/ with the motto ' Spirantibus Austris' (a play on the
word Austria), is associated with this long figurative chronogram in
hexameter and pentameter verse —
aUstrIaC* VoLUCres pansIs Dant Carbasa pennIs,
aUstrIa fLat; naVI VentUs et ILLe fa Vet.
anChora sIt CaroLUs, qUI CIYes proteoIt Istos.
feLIX, I feLIX, CUrre reCUrre ratIs I
i.e. The Austrian birds (eagles) provide fine Spanish linen sails by their
extended wings, ' Austria' (the wind from the south) blows, and that
wind is favourable to the ship. May Charles be the anchor which pro-
tects these citizens. Go, happy, fortunate ship, make speed and return.
Under a shield of the armorial device of Louvain—
eCCe MoDo fLorebo. =
fLorenDo CresCaM. =
The tract concludes on page 12. *Ci vitas Lovaniensis cernua
dextera* manu Cor inflammatum gerit, cum hoc Lemmate
CaroLo Do Cor aMans;
alteri chartam, cum hac inscriptione,
haC poeMata Do CaroLo.
Inferiiis legitur hoc chronicon,
ujbC Data poeMata pLaCeant.'
Then follow some verses complimentary to the Duke Charles.
i7So
i75°
i7So
= 1750
= I7SO
- 175°
MR. BEX IS EULOGIZED ALPHABETICALLY.
THE note-book of a friend supplies the following, which was
transcribed at the Royal Library of Brussels. It is an alpha-
betical eulogy on Henry Bex, a magistrate ('consul') at one of the
towns in Flanders, from which we learn that he was born in 1594, and
died on 13th March 1663. Each line begins with the letters of the
alphabet in proper succession. The title is as follows, — ' Elegia in
funere Domini D. Henrici Bex consulis tunc regentis omnium luctu
civium vita fundi.'
A poem of about 40 lines, hexameter and pentameter, is
followed by a chronicle, with the initial letters of each line following
in alphabetical order, thus—
Chronica per Alphabctum.
a Deo fVIt Mors ConsVLIs Ista =
beXII MoDICfe fLete. =
CanIte Vos gLorIaM VnI Deo. =s
DeLICIVM VrbIs =
eXpIrat DeCIMo tertIo soLe =
fLVentIs MartI DenasCItVr. =
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
MR. BEX IS EULOGIZED.
"S
genItVs fVerat fILIVs sVb InVerso MVnDo beX 1
hI aC k MeDIo LeX abstrahIt
Is paCeM DILeXIt
LatVs obDorMIVIt In paCe
Mors IVstI Deo pLaCVIt
nosCItIs "DeI VoLVntateM.
obIVIt a seCVnDa Morte LIber.
prjBSentIaM DeI ob oCVLos habVIt.
qVanta LaVDIs faMA sCItIs.
reXerIt, neC fIDeM LjESErIt.
seMper CogItaVerat trIbVnaL DeI.
tVI LaborIs MerCes, DeVs erIt.
VItA nVnC MeLIore DonabIt.
XenIa DabIt aC gLorIaM
zeLo DkI VNlCk MerItVs.
In the Royal library at Brussels, there is, as I learn from the note-
book of my friend the Rev. Walter Begley, a book containing more
than a hundred chronograms. The title is, ( Generate berzaemeling
van alle de jaerschrifter, verzen te Waer mede de stad Gend heeft
vercferd geweest op den 25 August 1793 ter onthaelinge van den zeer
geleerden Har Joannes Baptista Hellebaut ' — ' Prys. vier stuyvers.' A
general collection of all the chronograms, verses, etc., with which
the town of Ghent was adorned, on 25th August 1793, on the recep-
tion of the very learned Mr. John Baptist Hellebaut.
&H^\&jlJ*m*
1594
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
THE SIEGE OF VALENCIENNES.
A rare tract (pp. 12), belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, con-
tains a gratulation addressed to John of Austria, Governor of
the Netherlands, by the Jesuits at Brussels, on his victory over the
French at Valenciennes, and the capture of the town. The title-page
is, 'Serenissimo principi Joanni Austriaco Valencenarum vindici inter
ignes triumphales publicos laetitiae et obsequii testes cum veneratione
applaudit collegium Soc. Jesu Bruxellis 23 Julii mdclvi.' The 'fire-
works ' thus alluded to are not particularly mentioned. The poetry
describes in figurative language the triumph of the Austrian 'star
and sun,' and an engraving represents a night attack on the town
under the auspices of the ' Miraculous Hosts ' which were brought
there from Brussels.3 The Latin poem contains no chronogram ; but
at the conclusion thereof, on page n, are the following : —
1 Chrtmicon nata/is, the year of his birth.
9 See my book on Chronograms, p. 263, and at page 1 1 6, note, of present volume,
'The Sacrament Robbery and Miracle.'
P
ii4 THE SIEGE OF VALENCIENNES.
Chronica.
I VaLenCenas DoMa. = 1656
Sic nempe
VALENCENiK RlDENT HOSTeM. = 1656
Sed rei gloriosfe gestae,
aVstrIaCo paLMas Date. = 1656
Et io dicite,
prInCeps hosteM pVgnA DeLet; = 1656
Certo scilicet venerabilis, et Deiparae favore,
Haec enim auspicata Austriacis sidera :
kxJC sIDera LeoneM1 foVent. = 1656
hjeC hIspano soLa seMper aDsVnt. = 1656
HiEC Dant soLa trIVMphos. = 1656
Quia verb sacra venerabili prodigioso nox felix Austriacis pugnae
auspicium dedit, quidnt illi merito accinatur?
VenerabILe noCte Dat arMa. = 1656
hoC seMper aDest aqVILhE.2 = 1656
sVo hoC sponDet Magna LeonI. = 1656
Magna sVb hoC tentanDa LeonI.2 = 1656
Neque excidat hanc victoriam festis ignibus celebrari 23 Julii cun
jam sol signum leonis in zodiaco percurrit, quare leoni hispano
alludens cum plausu exclama,
Vt raDIas hoC Mense Leo! = 1656
Sua quoque Deiparae pars triumphi detur.
DeIpara VaLenCenas aMat. = 1656
seMper VaLenCenIs aDest. = 1656
aVstrIaCo soLa seMper aDest. = 1656
HiEC soLa sVo aDest aMantI. = 1656
soLa seMper aDest rebVs arCtIs. = 1656
Quare pro tanto beneficio utriusque sideris internum memor
hVnC soLeM hIspane aDora. = 1656
hanC LVnaM hIspane aDora. = 1656
Ad majorem Deigloriant.
THE SACRAMENT ROBBERY AT BRUSSELS
*TpHE reader will find, at page 263 of my book on Chronograms^ a
J^ notice of the * Sacrament Robbery and Miracle/ and a large
number of chronograms thereon. I have now to add the result of
some further researches into the subject. The several books and
editions of works to which I have had access, including condensed
narratives, are very puzzling. They are in both the Dutch and French
1 The Lion in the armorial shield of Spain and Austria.
* The Eagle of Austria and the lion of Spain.
!
THE SACRAMENT ROBBER K 115
languages, and of various dates. Some are probably reprints, with
new or later title-pages, of that which no doubt is the most important
one by Cafmeyer. The copy which I used, belonging to the Rev. W.
Begley, has on the title-page an error in the author's name, where it is
distinctly printed c Oafmeyer,' a small but a very misleading misprint.
The Dutch, and apparently the same edition in the library of the
Society of Antiquaries of London, has the name correctly and dis-
tinctly printed. I can only offer as an explanation that in the pro-
gress of printing the letter C had dropped out, or in some way failed
to make its mark in print in many of the title-pages, and that the
vacancy had been filled up by hand, stamping in the letter O instead
of C. It will easily be understood that the circumstance, however it
may have occurred, would mislead any one searching a library cata-
logue. My French edition of 1720, printed at Brussels, 'premiere
edition' (the volume also contains the second part, dated 1735), §Pves
the author's name correctly ; and so likewise does the British Museum
copy, which differs in some respects from the other editions.
A folio volume in the British Museum, press-mark 9917. k., com-
prises three separate works on this subject — 1st, a description in the
Dutch language, of the jubilee held in 1670 ; 2d, the jubilee festival
held in 1720, also in the Dutch language, by Cafmeyer ; 3d, the festival
held in 1735. The chronograms in the two last will be found in my
former book ; I proceed to notice the 1st, the jubilee of 1670, and all
the chronograms therein. w^^mm
The title-page begins, ' Brusselsche Eer-triumphen,' etc., anavs^
without author's name or date. The introduction is dated 31st July
1670, and signed Jaecques Stroobant. The engravings of the tri-
umphal arches are by G. Bouttats, and differ from those of the 1720
and 1735 festivals. The last page is 128. The chronograms are at
Page 81. IVraMVs CaroLo, gaVDete. = 1666
Meaning Charles //., Ring of Spain, as Duke of Burgundy, He came
to the throne in 1665.
VVY Doen kareL eeDt, zYt aL bLYDe. = 1666
(The letter y counts as 11=2.)
Page 83. LaVrVM DVCI. = 1666
Draeght Den hertogh De LaVWerIer Croon. = 1666
Page 99. On an arch, ChrIsto JesV, In trInIs hostIIs"\
VERfe proDIgIosIs, a JVDiEls IrrIso et sVbsannato, I
gLorIosIVs In tertIo SiECVLo JVbILantI hoC repa-> = 1670
ratIonIs honorIs opVs zeLosI Canter-steenenses i
POSVfeRE. J
ie. To Jesus Christy who in the three truly miraculous Hosts was
mocked by the Jews with derision and insult, the more gloriously in this
the third jubilant centenary of the reparation of his honour have the
zealous people of Canters teen raised this structure.
Page 101. Ionathas IVDjeVs In horto et A MaLIgnIs
neCatVr. = 1670
i.e. Jonathas the Jew is killed in his garden by malignant persons.
1 16 THE SA CRAMENT ROBBER Y.
Page 103. A triumphal arch bore these inscriptions —
hostIjG k barbarIs IVD^Is In Vrbe MaL& traCtantVr. = 1670
i.e. The hosts are maltreated by the barbarous {or foreign) Jews in the
city.
VICtIMa abeL proVt In hostIIs DatVr. = 1670
i.e. A victim like unto Abel is given in the hosts.
IVDjEorVM barbarIes In CaIn fLVIt. = 1670
i.e. The savageness of the Jews flows as in Cain.
tV er DeVs qVI faCIs MIrabILIa.1 = 1670
i.e. Thou art the God who doest hfonderful things.
Page 1 09. A triumphal arch bore these among other inscriptions —
trIVMphant De trIbVs seCVLIs trIsm hostIjE = 1670
IVDaIs MaLItIA sVA ConfVsIs. = 1670
i.e. The three hosts triumph for three centuries. — The Jews being con-
founded through their own wickedness.
IVLH bIs DeCIMa stVpante natVra. (sic.) = 1670
hostIarVM fIgVrje In reaLI speCIe DVrantes. = 1670
Page 113. Another arch, bearing pictures of the burning of the
accused Jews, bore also these chronograms, with many other inscrip-
tions, the dates of the several centenary festivals —
eVCharIstIaM VLCIsCItVr Igne. == 1370
i.e. (The Duke Winceslaus of Brabant) avenges the Eucharist with fire.
neC aMICos CognosCIt IVstItIjb LeX. = 1470
The circumstance alluded to is thus explained, ( Carolo audace,
Burgundiae Brabantiaeque duce, stupratae mulieris a. pnefecto Zelandiae,
quamvis sibi amicissimo, fortissimo judice, quod perfidiam in cineres
fortitudo redegerit, primoseculo jubilante.1
Page 115. DILeXIt IVstItIaM. = 1570
This explanation follows, ( Philippo secundo Hispaniarum
Indiarumque rege, Brabantiae duce, impiorum et hsereticorura con-
stantissimo, qua patet, orbis exstirpatore, ob confusam cruento
patientis, constantiae miraculo impietatem, secundo seculo jubilante.'
et est IVstItIa fVLCIMen seDIs tVm. = 1670
This explanation follows, * Carolo secundo Hispaniarum
Indiarumque rege, Brabantiae duce, integerrimfe avitae justitiae filio,
quod longaevum in pane corruptibili miraculum, ineunte quarto seculo,
conservet, tertio jubilante.' And lower down the page is, ' Flamma
combussit peccatores.' Psalm cv. 18 (Vulgate version).
Page 121. These inscriptions are mentioned —
MIraCVLosVs trInIs hostIIs DeVs. = 1670
ie. God miraculous in the thru hosts.
1 The success of the siege of Valenciennes (see page 113, ante) by Don John of Austria,
Governor of the Netherlands, in the name of Philip IV., is attributed to the three Hosts of
this miracle being carried there on 15th June 1650, when a great victory was gained over
the French army. The circumstance is mentioned in the French edition, page 32. See
also Chronograms, page 100, where a commemorative medal is quoted, bearing the date
1657, probably a mistake for 1656, by the maker of it, or by the engraver of a representa-
tion of it. Refer to index, 'John of Austria.'
X
THE SA CRAMENT ROBBER Y. 117
IVbILans DonaVIt et DeDICaVIt s. p. q. b. = 167*0
ue. The Senate and people of Brussels gave and dedicated this [statue
of Saint Michaely the titular saint of Brussels'],
There are ten engravings in this portion of the volume. There
should be twelve, including a frontispiece, as I find from the inspec-
tion of a copy, as a separate volume, No. 2283 in the catalogue of
the 'Beckford' library sale, July 1883, at Sotheby's.
The remainder of the British Museum volume now under notice
has been described in my former book on Chronograms,
The circumstances and narratives are alluded to in Notes and
QuerieSy series 2, vol. v., pp. 294, 406, 457, and 508, indexed under
* Host' There is no further mention of them in the succeeding
volumes down to the end of 1881 ; nor any mention of the chrono-
grams, which appear to have been overlooked by the contributor of
the * Notes.' Among the explanations it is stated that, after the circum-
stances of the robbery, etc., the Hosts were deposited in the chapel
of St. Gudule, where they remained in oblivion until 1405. One of the
engravings represents a devout young man praying, and a ray of light
shining towards him. This led to the re-discovery of the Hosts, and
they were thenceforth preserved in ostentatious notoriety. There seems
to have been a repetition of the robbery at several places, with much the
same results according to local legends. The engraving alluded to is in
the Dutch and French editions, and is attached to chapter xv. of the
latter.
LESSUS GALLICUS.
Apolitical brochure (British Museum, press-mark 161. b. 64.
catalogued under ' Austriacus'), 8°, relating to the retreat of
the French from their possession of the Netherlands, probably one of
the results of the treaty of peace signed at Aix-la-Chapelle between all
the leading powers of Europe in 1748. The full title-page is given
below ; it may be thus translated —
A French wailing for the departure' of the French from the Nether-
lands, re-echoed by a Frenchman at the Belgians. And a paraphrastic
dismemberment (?) of the same for the departure of the French from the
Netherlands, made straight at the French by a Belgian. To which are
added a Belgian jubilation and other verses. Published probably at
Brussels in 1748 (?). The Latin title is as follows —
Lessus Gallicus
in Gallorum e Belgio discessu
per Galium ad Belgas ingeminatus.
Ejusdemque in
Gallorum e Belgio discessu
Paraphrastica dimembratio (sic) per Belgam ad Gallos
directata ; quibus accedunt
Jubilatio Belgica, aliaque metrica.
}■
118 ZESSUS GALLICUS
The contents are about seventy sets of Latin verses, or epigram-
matic poems, full of allusions to the events of the war and politics,
which are obscure to the modern reader. A few chronograms are
associated with the verses. At page 25 is the following chrono-
iambicum —
aUferte gaLLos per fI Dos
sIC beLgICIs De fInIbUs; v g
Ut paCe prjEsIt beLgICIs ' 74
regIna VICtrIX gentIbVs.
And at the conclusion of some verses, c Ad Comitem Saxoniae,' is
this chronicon, in which almost every letter is a numeral —
erUpIt DUX, CIVIUM CrUX. = 1748
At page 27, at the end of the verses • Jubilatio Belgica ex allata
pace, Gallorumque discessu ' —
Chronodistichon.
6 paX beLLa fUga, satUros aC sangUIne gaLLos ) = g
ULtra saUroMatas peLLe, sCYthasqUe proCUL. J 74
At page 30, at the end of the verses 'Germanise plorantis ad
Imperii Romani principes elegus e exhortatorius ' —
Chronodistichon.
aUstrIaCos serVate Lares, proCeresqUe DUCesqUe, ) _ g
aUstrIa tUnC Vestros noCte DIeqUe CoLent. j *74
At page 32, at the end of the verses * Domus Austriacae firmitas
ad augustissimam imperatricem Hungarian reginam, Austrise archi-
ducem,' eta etc. —
Chronodistichon.
VIVe DIU /UstrIaGe spes aUgUstIssIMa gentIs, 1 g
JUgIter et beLgas, pLena faVore rege. J *74
And on the same page, at the end of the verses ' Augustissimo
Josepho imperatricis primogenito, Belgarum vota ' —
Chronodistichon.
feLIX parVe pUer ! DabIt InVIDa gaLLICa JUno ) ft
LaC tIbI: sIC beLgIs et VIa LaCtIs erIt. / - I?4*
The epilogue verses conclude thus —
VIVAT AUSTRIA.
PHILIP THE HANDSOME.
PHILIP I., King of Spain, called the Handsome, was the son of
the Emperor Maximilian 1. and Mary Duchess of Burgundy.
In my book Chronograms, published in 1882, at page 123, a faulty
chronogram, intended to mark the year of his birth, 1478, is given.
I am now enabled to give the right version of it, and so to correct an
PHILIP THE HANDSOME. 119
error that has caused some trouble to other writers. The faulty one
runs thus (in plain letters) —
* Omnibus acceptus regnat bonus ecce Philippus.'
When this is read with reference to an infant child, the epithet ' good'
might be questionable, he might not eventually deserve it, and he
had not as yet begun his reign ; the right version is as follows —
oMnIbVs aCCeptVs regnet noWs eCCe phILIppVs. = 1478
i.e. Lo / accepted by all, may this new Philip reign.
The epithet 'new,' instead of 'good/ is applicable to the newly-
born prince, and the aspiration that he may reign accepted by all the
dominions and dependencies of his father and mother, both the
German, the Spanish, and the Burgundian — (Austria, Spain, and
Flanders) — is entirely applicable to the discordant circumstances
which prevailed at the time.
HOLLAND.
WILLIAM CHARLES HENRY FRISO, Prince of Orange,
was elected the first Hereditary Stadtholder of Holland on
3d May 1747 \ tn€ following 'prodigious anagram'1 and chronogram
were composed on the occasion by Haarburg. (Zedler, lvi. 1479) —
Vivat
Gulielmus Carolus Henricus Friso
Praecelsus Arausiensis
atque ex antiquo illustrium Belgii Comitum
vel postea Principum Nassawio
Dietunsium stemmate
Princeps !
Per prodigiosum hoc purutn Anagramma ;
A septem unitis Belgii provinciis,
Communi omnium cum applausu
electus juratusque est
Vicarius Capitaneus Generalis, Admiralis,
hostes consilio fortique manu
rursus expellet.
* * *
Chronodistichon in diem electiones.
tertIa LVX MaII CrVCIs appeLLata repertte est ) _
a CrVCe qVI bataVos LIberet, haC orItVr. J """ I747
1 This anagram is imperfect as to the number of letters ; the first part contains 145, the
second 149. Many anagrams more 'prodigious' than this have been made, and some
truly marvellotts both for length and for being at the same time chronograms.
i2o HOLLAND.
The anagram may be thus translated ; it shows how the words
may be decomposed and rebuilt, so as to apply equally well to the
prince and to his high position in the seven united provinces. The
chronogram alludes to the day as known in the Roman Church
Calendar.
Long live William Charles Henry Friso, the most eminent Prince of
Orange, and of the ancient race of the illustrious Counts of Flanders,
who were afterwards Princes of Nassau /
By the seven united provinces of Holland he is, by the common
applause of all, elected and stvorn Vice- Commander-in-Chief and
Admiral. May he again defeat our enemies by his wisdom and his
strong hand.
On this third day of May, called the ' Finding of the Cross,9 he
arises who shall give freedom to the Hollanders, through the Cross.
On the 17th March 1734 he married the Princess-Royal of Eng-
land, Anne, the daughter of George il A medal was struck at
Amsterdam bearing this inscription to mark the date —
eVge eVge
WILheLMVs CaroLVs henrICVs frIso aVrIaCVs anna
brItannICa sponsVs atqVe sponsa ConnVbIo IVngItVr
fortVnato. = 1734
A medal struck at Amsterdam to commemorate the birth of their
son has this inscription —
prInCeps paCIs erIt, neo natI est anna brItanna,
Cara parens, regIs fILIa, paCIs aMans. % g
qVos patrIa optastI neo nato prInCIpe frVCtVs? ' "" *'4
paX erIt, et reqVIes, L*tItIa est et erIt.
Two different medals of Dutch origin represent a ship, and on the
reverses these inscriptions. (I take them from a ms. copy ; and see
Chronograms, p. 104) —
DoMIne saLVa serVos tVos qVI InVoCant te. = 1678
goDt VVIL DIt sC hIp beWaren Van Der noot. = 1678
In a small 8° volume, ' Lebens Beschreibung und gescheiten der
Printzen von Oranien,' etc. Frankfurt, 1692. At page 79 I find this
distich on the assassination of William the Silent. (The letter d is
not counted) —
aVrIaCVs prInCeps hIspanI fraVde tyrannI 1 _ Afl
oCCVMbIt, VInCI non aLIter poterat. J ~ I0*4
i.e. The Prince of Orange falls by Spanish deceit, he could not otherwise
be conquered.
VARIOUS CHRONICLES.
NOW present to the reader some extracts from certain
historical ' chronicles,' which are curious both for the
chronograms therein and for the remarks of the authors
thereof, tersely expressed in the Latin language. A
perusal of the books themselves is, however, needful, in
order to arrive at a due appreciation of those remarks ; I give a few
verbatim examples in what follows. The books are, I believe, rare,
and it is certain that they are very little known.
-►-•♦•--«-
THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE.
A book printed at Arras in 1614 may be conveniently mentioned
J~\ here as the Belgian Chronicle of Ferry de Locre ; a copy is in
the British Museum (press-mark 591. e. 8.). 40. The title is c Ferreoli
Locrii Paulinatis chronicon Belgicum, ab anno cclviii. ad annum
usque mdc. continuo productum Tomi tres. — Atrebati, mdcxvi.' The
book commences, according to a prevailing custom, with compli-
mentary verses addressed to the author by his friends, containing
some anagrams, and at the conclusion of one set of verses bemoaning
his death is this chronogram —
LoCrIVs oCCIdIt (heI !) boCtm LVgete CAM<ENiE.
(Signed) Gulielmus Riverius. G. T. F.
t\e. Locrius alas falls, mourn ye learned Muses.
The author was a priest at Arras, in the province of Artois, the
son of Philip Locre, as we are thus told, • Philippus Locrius, auctoris
parens.' In his time, the territory and places mentioned in the
chronicle were mostly under the dominion of the Dukes of Burgundy,
and known as Flanders, or by the more ancient name of Belgium ;
the history runs in the same direction, though the territory is now
divided between France as at present constituted and the modern
kingdom of Belgium.
Q
s= 1614
J
122 THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE.
Chronograms are scattered throughout the book, and are nearly
all of the author's own composition 1 (and when otherwise he says so).
Several at the end of the book have already appeared in my former
work on this subject, and are not repeated here. Observe that,
according to Flemish custom, the letter d = 500 is not counted. There
is only one exception. The following extracts comprise only the
events which are marked by chronograms.
In the year 11 89 Elizabeth, the wife of Philip Augustus, King of
France, died, after giving birth to twins. The author composed some
verses, concluding with this 'chronicon ' —
si Ita tIbI fVtVrVM erat, qVId neCesse fVIt ) g
tIbI thorVs, eLIzabetha? / 9
In the year 1206, Archbishop Guido of Rheims died at Ghent,
'Guido archiepiscopus Remorum Gandavi moritur, cui ad Sancti
Bavonis adjectum est hoc elogium.' (Evidently the Archbishop was
not a favourite, if the following verses be true) —
Grandis Gandavo debetur honor, quia Bavo
Sanctus prostravit ilium, quern nullus amavit
Hujus anni chronographicum.
Nonne ChronographICVM ? sat habes, est nosse potestas. = 1206
At page 388, and under the date of the year 1226, the death of
Louis via. of France is mentioned, in whom, and in his offspring, the
good qualities of Charlemagne were to be recognised, the author con-
cludes thus —
Non dimittamus Ludovicum sine chronographo,
Vt LoDoICe tIbI CresCIt H;eC, IstaqVe proLes ; 1=26
qVanta soLo, et CceLIs te generasse pVtas ? j — 1 2
In the year 1516 the Dominican prior at Arras died uttering
these words, which are a chronogram of the date —
DeVs MeVs es tV, et spero In te. =1516
At page 401 there is a list of the seven rightful Counts of Artois
prior to the cession of that territory to Count Robert by the King of
France at the date thus indicated —
artesLe qVjEres qVando sVVs est CoMes? aVdI : J
AB REGE HANC QVANDO FRATRE ROBERT Vs HABET. J * *'
At page 411 the death is mentioned of Count Robert, in the year
' 1249,' in the flower of his age, for he had scarcely attained his thirty-
sixth year, in battle against the barbarians at ' Manzora,' on the Nile.
The chronogram, however, makes 1239 —
qVo raperIs generose CoMes ? te proprIa qVarVnt : ) _
ne tVa barbarICo fVnera qV<*re IVgo. j ~~ 12*9
In the year 1329, it is mentioned that Joan ('Joanna iv. Artesiae
comes '), the widow of Philip, King of France and Navarre, came in
succession to the throne of Artois, and in the month of January 1330
1 This fact disposes of any question whether the chronograms of early dates were not
composed at those dates.
f
THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE. 123
was removed by poison, having reigned but a few days. The author
made this chronogram —
annVM Iane aperIs; aperIt sVa IannaqVe regna: ) __
Iane beatVs InIs, h^eC CIta fata CapIt. J 3 9
At page 463, Joan 11., Countess of Artois, wife of Eudo, or Odo,
or Otho, Duke of Burgundy, died in 1347, on whom the author wrote
the following —
CVr MIgras prInCeps Ioanna? en, Cerne; brItannVs ) _
frendentI nIXV per tVa rVra fVrIt. j I347
In the month of November 136 1 died Prince Philip, 'Philippus
princeps noster anno setatis xv., vix puber.1 The author made this
chronogram —
ater VbIqVe CoLor: nIVIs hos depone noVeMber: ) __ ,
In tantA aVdaXqVe es VIVere CLade dIV. J ~ I301
In the year 1382 died Margaret, Countess of Artois, widow of
Count Louis, * Ludovicus Nivernensis ' —
sat LVCtVs hIC fVdIstI, CastIssIMa tVrtVr : ) -
astrIs beere perennIter. j 3
In the year 1383 died Louis vui., 'Ludovicus Maleanus/ Count
of Flanders, Duke of Brabant, etc., and late in his life he had added
the titles of Artois and Burgundy. The author writes concerning him,
' Liberas illegitimos habuit non paucos.'
Distichon
Artesii et Flandrii dum sceptra priora redunant,
Mortis ad imperium, proh ! Lodoice cadis.
Epitaphium Chronographicum.
LODOVICVS MALEANVS FLANDRliE ET ARTESLfi )
prInCeps, abIIt e VIVIs. J
In the year 1404 died Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and
Count of Artois. 'Obitus sui habe hanc Prosopopceiam chrono-
graphicam ' —
fatIs LVXo qVIbVs? qVId gaLLICa sCeptra reVIso? 1
en, IbI ne MorIar, VIrgo beata Vetat. J 4 4
The battle of Agincourt, on St. Crispin's day, 25th October 1415,
was accompanied by great slaughter. The author says, Cladis
Azincurianse vidi tale chronographicum —
CrIspInI MVLtos gens destrVIt angLICa franCos. = 1413
In the year 14 19, on 10th September, Prince John of Burgundy
was slain by Charles the Dauphin of Vienna. The author describes
the event at page 500, and proceeds thus —
Quod tibi nomen apud tuos hie tragaedia parasti, Delphine ? Audi
chronicon, quod alibi me legisse memini,
Cadens bVrgVndVM, a gaLLIs deLphInVs Vt aVdIt? 1
feX, faX, neX, Latro, Lerna, tIrannVs, aper. j 4 9
at nos pariantes, chronographice pariter adlusimus,
1383
i24 THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE.
o! CoMes: o te te, CVI fIdIs? nonne pVeLLo? )
PRO PATRE NON GESTAT PECTORA FiDA PVER. J 4 9
Thus, it appears, the author remembers to have read the first, and
to have brought forth (or composed) the second chronogram.
At page 512 is the narrative of the peace made between Philip,
1 Philippus princeps noster,' and Charles vil, King of France. The
author concludes thus, 'De ista pace, in archivis Atrebatium hi
reperiuntur versus, ab istius aetatis imperitia non prorsus abhorrentes.'
The first line gives the date —
ILLVXIt nobIs CLarI paX LVCe MatthaI, = 1435
Pro qui Francisci debent cum laude laetari :
Atrebati primb sonat hsec vox, voce jocund! »
Christus laudetur, cui cuncti subjiciuntur.
In the year 1467, on the 17th calends of June, died the Duke of
Burgundy, Philip the Good, at the age of 71, and in the forty-ninth
year of his reign. The author wrote an epitaph that might be put on
his tomb, containing this chronogram —
qVIs sILet, InqVIrIs, sVb dIVIte MaVsoLjEO? 1 -
sVb CVIVs pedIbVs dIdICIt sVbdere gaLLVs. J ~" M '
At page 534 is mentioned the death of Duke Charles the Bold,
at the battle of Nancy. The author ' finds ' this chronogram concern-
ing him —
o MIhI si LICeat aLIqVando, renate, renasCI ! ) _
dItabor spoLIIs CaVtIor Ipse tVIs. / 477
At page 541 is mentioned the marriage of Mary, Duchess of
Burgundy, with Maximilian of Austria, on the 2 2d of August —
CLaMor faCtVs est; eCCe sponsVs VenIt: eXIte. = 1477
And the birth of their son Philip in the following year is thus men-
tioned,— ' Nono Kalendas Julii, hori tertii pomeridiani, Brugae filius
Maximiliano ex Maris nascitur, cui nomen inditum Philippus ; ejus
natalem hoc rudi metro, numeralibus Uteris quidam expressit,' l
oMnIbVs aCCeptVs regnat noVVs eCCe phILIppVs* = 1478
The death of this Duchess Mary in 1482 is thus commemorated
in chronogram composed by Petrus Magnus, a priest of Brussels,
-whom the author mentions as a poet 'mentb nominandus ' —
gestIt eqVo MarIa aLIpedes praVertere CerVos; ) = ~
VI CadIt, aC beLgIs fVnera fLenda parIt. ) 4
At page 550 it is mentioned that in 1484 the monastery Caricam-
pensis {sic) had John Le Franc for its president He erected a
beautiful cross at the principal door, and this chronogram was written
to mark the date thereof —
sVM sIC aVXILIIs Le franGJ eXsCVLpta IoannIs. = 1491
1 This is quoted in my former volume on Chronograms, page 123, where the 'faulty
chronogram1 which caused me much trouble may be set right by this one. See also
p. 1 19, ante.
r
THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE. 125
At page 564 is mentioned the death of John of Arragon (the only
son and heir of King Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain), of acute
fever, in the flower of his age, on the 4th of October 1497, having in
the year before married Margaret, whom he left ' sextam jam mensem
gravidam reliquit.' The death of her husband was a great shock to
her. The narrative proceeds, — Quae, auditi mariti morte, tanto
animi dolore perculsa fuit, ut ante diem infantem peperit, qui in ipso
vita limine statim occidit' Hinc —
IoannI LVCtVs VbI pVLLa hIspanIa fVdIt I
aVstrIaCI regnI fIt dIadeMa, dVCIs. J 1^i
At page 574 it is related that Prince Philip (of FJanders), having
overheated himself at a game of ball, partook of too much cold drink,
and thereby took a fever, and died at Burgos, in Castile, at the age
of 28. He was buried there in a sumptuous alabaster tomb, his heart
being sent to Bruges in Flanders. Ottho Egmondius wrote this
chronogram on the event —
dVM reX CasteLLa LVCtatVr fLore IVVentjB, ) _ 6
e sVbItA bVrgIs febre phILIppVs obIt. j ™" *5
On the same page is this memorial of the death of Christopher
Columbus, on 20th May 1506 —
Item Christophorus Columbus primus novarum terra partium et
insularum inventor in Hispaniis vita decedit Illi hoc chronographi-
cum dedi epitaphium ;
ChrIstophorVs CoLVMbVs, \
genVanVs
oCCIdVI orbIs InVentor V= 1506
e VIVIs
abIIt, non obIIt.
In the year 15 19, the Emperor Maximilian having died, Charles 1.,
the King of Spain (and Prince of Burgundy), resigned his crown ;
hence this chronogram —
sCeptra regenda tVo pIa fata dedere nepotI : )
Corpora Conde saCro MaXILIane soLo. j "" I5'9
At page 589 is mentioned the defeat of the army of Francis 1.,
King of France, at Ticino, in Italy, by the Austrians, on 25th
February, in the year 1525. Concerning the victory of the latter
this verse is extant —
arMa AQVILiE VInCVnt LILIa CeLsa trVCIs. = 1525
In the margin, * vel dVCIs.'
Also this ancient one —
aqVILa ConCVLCaVIt LILIVM. = 1524
A marginal note explains that this took place in the year 1524, before
Easter. According to the chronology used in France at this period,
the year was reckoned to commence at Easter.
126
THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE.
}-
IS27
1527
In the year 1527, on the 6th of May, Rome was taken by the
army of the Emperor Charles v., commanded by Charles Borbonius,1
who, whilst fighting before the walls, was killed by a leaden bullet
This chronogram expresses the event —
orbIs, roMa, CapVt, haC Vt tIbI fVnera borbo,
QVlD GELlDiE EFFICIENT EFFERA CORDA pLaGjG?
In the same year, at Valladolid, the future King of Spain, Philip 11.,
is born, the son of the Emperor Charles v. and Isabella. There
were great rejoicings on the occasion, and this chronogram is extant —
grata deo soboLes, generIs spes CLara phILIppVs, ) =
nasCItVr, aVstrIaCo LaVrea prIMa patrI. j
At page 603 the narrative alludes to the events of war, and
particularly to the misfortunes and defeats of the French in the
Burgundian territories. The year of the triumph of the victors is
marked thus by the words of Psalm lxxxvi. 2 —
eCCe aLIenIgeNjG, et tIrVs, et popVLVs, <*thIopVM, hI
fVerVnt ILLIC. = 1537
In the year 1539, calends of May, died Elizabeth [Isabella], the
wife of the Emperor Charles 8 —
posCIt fVnereas VbI GcsarIs aVLa CVpressVs ; )
pVLCher Vernantes abstrahe MaIe rosas. j '539
In the year 1547 the whole of Germany was subdued by the
Emperor Charles. Upon this ' Csesarean victory ' the author made
this chronogram —
CasarIas aqVILas Vt trVX gerManIa spernIt, )
CogItVr, at LenI, sVbdere CoLLa IVgo. J "~ l**'
In the year 1553, 'Teruanum,' the chief town of the ' Morini/ in
the province of Artois, was besieged and taken from the French. The
author remarks that it is incredible what a quantity of French blood
was shed there, as expressed in this couplet —
Nunc seges est, ubi erat Morinum, resecandaque falce
Luxuriat Franco sanguine pinguis humus.
And these chronograms give the date —
DeLetI MorInI. = 1553
IVnIVs eX MorInIs VICtrICIa sIgna potentI 1
dat CaroLo, franCVs VIdIt et IndoLVIt. j *553
CesarIs aqVILa proVoCans ad VoLandVM pVLLos I
sVos, et sVper eos VoLItans, eXpandet aLas. J ""
non In MVLtItVdIne eXerCItVs est VICtorIa ) _
sed eX CceLo VICtorIa est* j f553
1 Charles the Constable de Bourbon. The city of Rome was taken and plundered by
the troops in a shameful manner, and the Pope was made prisoner.
9 The exact words of the Vulgate Version lxxxvi 4, corresponding to lxxxvii. 4 of the
English Bible version.
* The Emperor Charles v. married Isabella in 1526. She was the mother of Philip the
husband of Mary Queen of England, and died in May 1539.
THE BELGIAN CHRONICLE, 127
In 1553 and 1554 the imperial forces besieged and took other
towns in the region about Artois. The author made these chrono-
| grams on one town destroyed and another one built —
CanChIades1 LaChrVMant Vt ad VrbIs saXa prIorIs, 1 =
SjEpIVs In LVCtVs IngenIosa sVos : J 5"
VndIs eXCItVs CanChIs1 CapVt: en noVa dIXIt I
1 McenIa, perpetVA respICIenda dIe. j 554
J In 1557, the French having broken the treaty of peace, the war
j recommenced, and they were defeated at Quintinopolis (St. Quentin)
j on St. Laurence's day, the 20th of August. The author made
this—
LVX saCra LaVrentI, gaLLorVM sangVIne sordet, ) _
sVb qVIntInopoLI Vt Castra phILIppVs habet. / "~ *"/
In the year 1558, on the 21st September, the Emperor Charles v.
died —
CaroLVs haC qVIntVs parVA retInetVr In VrnA,
}= '558
gerManIs, gaLLIs, ItaLIs, tVrCIsqVe seVerVs.
In 1562 died Franciscus de Glen, bishop of Henin-Lie'tard
(* Henniacensis '). His epitaph there concludes thus —
ILICet aVfVgIt, SjbVos eXosa tVMVLatVs ; ) _ ,
eXCIpIs hanC grato sed bone ChrIste sInV. j ""* *5 2
In 1565 the Scheldt river was frozen, denying the way to ships,
but affording it to horses and wagons. The author goes on
thus in sapphic verse —
Anno 1566. patrIa obdVCto tenebrosa soMno ^
NON POTEST ACRES COHlBERE BELGAS \ f __ , .
InferI doneC referet CrVenta f ~" J$ "
InnItor ora. )
Sic enim annum hunc ordior, exordium ad omnem futuris tempo-
ribus calamitatem. The narrative then adverts to the war and rebel-
lion which desolated the country, and introduces this chronogram, an
adaptation from 'Judas Maccabeus'2 —
sanCta tVa ConCVLCata sVnt et ContaMInata. = 1566
In the same year, on the 2 2d August, the infanta of Spain, Isabella
Clara Eugenia, was born, and the author makes this —
nasCerIs, o prInCeps ! ardet fera beLgICa beLLo, ) _ , .
at non sIC; Mod6 tV VenerIs Ipsa dea. j ~* XS66
Several of the chronograms contained in the next of the author's
pages have appeared in my former work, and need not be repeated
here. I pass on to
The assassination, in 1588, of Henry Duke of Guise and his
1 Canchis is La Canche or St. Quentin, in Flanders.
* See my former volume on Chronograms, p. 370, the sixth chronogram ; and see
I Maccabees iii. 51. These words of the chronogram are those of the Vulgate Version.
is alluded
}-
1588
}-
1588
128 THE SAXON CHRONICLE.
brother the Cardinal, by order of Henry iil of France,
to in these chronograms made by the author —
gVIsIVs a gaLLI ConfossVs MILIte, In atros
ConuersVs CIneres, Corpore VastVs obIt.
(sic)
heM dIVe heros pVrpVrate ! sVb hastIs, Vis
InIqVa tIbI, LatItat.
The assassination of Henry m. of France, on 27th August 1589,
is marked by this chronogram as a retribution for the foregoing one —
gestIt Vt henrICVs MaCtatI sangVIne gVIsI : I «
CceLItVs ILLatA Cede pVdenter obIt. J = 5 9
With this I bring to a conclusion my chronogrammatic extracts
from the chronicle of Ferry de Locre.
THE SAXON CHRONICLE.
A polio volume, the Saxon Chronicle, by David Chytraeus (British
Museum, press-mark 157. g. 9.), is contained in about 1250
pages. The title is, ' Davidis Chytrsei, Historici clarissimi saxonia,
ab anno Christi 1500, usque ad annum mdc, nunc tertium recognita '
(and continued down to 161 1, with indexes). Leipsic, 161 1.
There is a fine printer's device of St. Christopher on the title-page
and colophon. The chronograms occur mixed with, and forming part
of, the text of the chronicle, and they are sometimes the only means
used for giving the dates. Although the chronicle is a history of
events more or less concerning Saxony, the chronograms themselves
chiefly commemorate the affairs of Poland. To avoid misinterpreting
the author, I give extracts in his own words and quaint expressions,
correcting, however, many misprints which appear in his chrono-
grams.
Page 140. Under the date 1504, ( Ejusdem anni aestate, Stephanus
Wallachise Moldavia princeps, clarissimis rebus adversus Matthiam
regem Ungariae, Mahometem Turcicum Imp. Tattaros Precopitas, et
Joan Albertum Poloniae regem gestis celeberrimus, diem extremum
postridie Cal. Julii clausit, cui Bogdanus Alius successit, gLorIa obIt
stephanVs VaLaChorVM, qVI sVperaVIt hVnnos et LaChos,
te qVoqVe tVrCa potens.' = 1504
Page 213. Concerning war between Prussia and Poland, and sub-
sequent peace in 152 1, the king of Poland 'Sigismundus ad hanc
pacem ineundam e6 propensior erat, quod recens copiis ipsius pro-
fligatis, Tattarorum impressiones novas denub meruebat a tatarIs
GesI proh Magna strage poLonI In soCaLInIs oCCVbVIstIs
agrIs/ = 1519
f
THE SAXON CHRONICLE. 129
Page 242. Gustavus succeeded to the crown of Sweden in 1523,
but in consequence of the unsettled state of the country he was not •!
solemnly crowned until the 6th June 1528. 'Annum et diem elec- \
tionis Gostavi, Henricus Mollerus Hessus poeta, his versibus expressit ;' j
qVm VICIna tVas IVnI sVbIt optIMe nonas \ *]
In gothICIs perstet LVX ea saCra pLagIs. f _ g \
totIVs Ista tVLIt per Vota potentIa regnI r— x52 ►
gostaVo PATRlifi regIa frena patrI. )
Page 258. The author proceeds with the chronicle, saying, * Nunc '
ad chronicon anni 1523 redeo, cujus primi die, r
sVbDIt se getICo rhoDos ante InfraCta tIranno, ) _
ChrIste, ah nataLIs LVCe orIente tVL* j "" l*2*
Page 279. The chronicle for 1524 mentions, 'In Polonia, Turci,
per Walachiam, in Russiam Poloniae regi subjectam, impressionem
fecerunt ; Tattari verb Praecopenses, ingenti agmine reliquam Russiae
illius partem, et minorem Poloniam pervagati et depredati sunt,'
ET tVrCe ET TARTARl DIrA AFFLIXfeRE LATRONES i = e j
grassantes, terras, LaChIa, CLaDe tVas. J x524
Page 347. The year and day of the birth of Eric, King of Sweden,
is thus chronicled, Ericus 1111. Sueciae rex (son of Gustavus). ' Erici
Sueciae regis annum et diem natalem expressit Henricus Mollerus ;'
LVCIa sCeptIfero nataLeM portat erICo, (
qVI nItet In regno sVeCIa IVsta tVo. j x^33
Page 360. In the chronicle for the year 1535 a marriage is dated
by a chronogram making the year 1540. It is probably wrong, but
no date in figures is given ; ' Hedwigem, Julii ducis Brunsuicensis
conjugem : Elizabeth Magdalenam Lunaeburgensi duci nuptam : et
Sophiam, Wilhelmo domino a Rosenberg Boemo elocatam suscepit' ,
heDVIgI prInCeps hoC branDenbVrgICVs anno ) _
poLona LatIs IVngItVr aVspICIIs. / "" I54°
The death of Catharine, wife of Gustavus, King of Sweden, follows
next, ' Catharina, Gostavi Sueciae regis uxor, Erici xiv. biennio ante in i
lucem editi, mater : filia Magni ducis Saxoniae, Angariae et Westphaliae, \
rebus humanis exempta est ' {i.e. she died). j
sangVIne saXonICo, gostaVo ConIVge, erICo ) ;
InsIgnIs nato, IaM CatharIna IaCet. j 535 \
Page 379. Chronicle for 1537. Gustavus, King of Sweden, has !
a son born to him, who came to the throne in 1568 as John in.
'Annum et diem natalem, hoc Tetrasticho Numerali, expressit
Henricus Mollerus Hessus.' (*.*. On St. Thomas's day, the 21st
December 1535, as indicated by the chronogram) —
LVX Vt haberetVr (sic) thoMa saCrata, Ioannes,
nasCItVr In septIs arX stegeborga tVIs. >ss
fInnonIa prInCeps, gostaVI natVs et h^eres C **'
perpetVVs regnI sVeCIa tota tVI. )
Page 390. Chronicle for the year 1539 mentions the marriage of
Isabella, daughter of Sigismund, King of Poland, to John, King of
\
*3°
THE SAXON CHRONICLE.
Hungary, and the birth of her son, and a few days afterwards the
death by fever of the king, her husband, in 1540. — 'Eodem anno,
fortI anIMo prIsCas qVm eXCeLLVIt heroInas, pannonICo
regI nVpta IsabeLLa fVIt filia Sigismundi regis Poloniae, ex =
Bonae Sfortiae conjugio primogenita, Joanni Ungariae regi in matri-
monium data est, quae sequenti anno filium Stephanum, avo paterno
ofjLtowfiov, postea Joannem 11. dictum, enixa, maritum intra paucos
dies febri extinctum amisit'
Page 431. Chronicle for the year 1548 records that Sigismund i.,
King of Poland, died, aged 81, having reigned wisely and happily for
42 years. — ' In Polonia, rex Sigismundus 1., cum inter quatuor fratres,
Casimiri magni filios, minimus natu, ad regnum tandem pervenisset,
idq' 42 annos sapienter et feliciter rexisset, die Paschae, quae in
Calend' Aprilis incidit, anno aetatis 81 rebus humanis exemptus est;
post regnI patrII reX sIgIsMVnDVs honores, ) _
reX pIVs et fortIs, regna beata sVbIt ; J
relicto unico flilio Sigismundo Augusto,' etc. etc
Page 438. The chronicle for 1550-1552 mentions that Barbara
Radziwil, who had been married to Sigismund Augustus il, King of
Poland, was crowned Queen of Poland, and died soon after ; the
hexameter chronogram gives the date of her birth, the pentameter
that of her coronation, the next couplet her marriage and her death ;
. no dates in figures are mentioned. Sigismund, her husband, came
to the throne in 1548, on the death of his father, who is the subject
of the preceding chronogram. — ' In Polonia, Barbara Radevila, Sigis-
mundo Augusto regi aliquot annos nupta coronatur, et paulo post
extinguitur; de qua sequens distichon extat, cujus prior versus
Hexameter, annum nativitatis, Pentameter annum coronationis
continet —
ILLVstrI qVanqVaM CapVt esset CInCta Corona, =
barbara regales mceret adepta toros. =
^njSJu. VXor qVoD fVerIs aVgVstI Mcereo rVrsVs =
*££ BARBARA TE LfiTOR POST DATA REGNA MORL =
Page 457. The chronicle for 155 1 mentions the death of
Margaret, the second wife of Gustavus, King of Sweden, leaving three
sons and five daughters. (' She migrated to the heavenly kingdom.1
'She sought the stars/) — * Margarita Sueciae regina, Gostavi regis
altera conjunx, cum tres filios et filias quinque, marito reliquisset, in
cceleste regnum emigravit ;
regInas Inter pileCeLLens MargarIs aLtas
ConIVge, progenIe, fronte, Lepore, trIbV.
Vt tres gostaVo natos, natasq. tVLIsset
qVInq., sVas terras LInqVIt, et astra petIt.
Page 457. The chronicle for 1560. The year and day of the
death of Gustavus Vasa, King of Sweden, on Michaelmas day, at the
age of 70, is thus recorded—' Gostavus Sueciae rex, Sapiens, raag-
'539
1548
1523
1550
1547
i55i
i55i
.1
}-
THE SAXON CHRONICLE.
nanimus, fortis et felix , . . anno aetatis septuagesimo, die Michaelis,
rebus humanis erat exemptus. Annum et diem obitus, Henricus
Mollerus, vir et poeta optimus, hoc disticho expressit,'
at LVX angeLIGe fVLgerat saCra CohortI,
gostaWs sVeonVM reX VIgIL, ara, perIt.
Page 527. Chronicle for 1561. The coronation of Eric, King
of Sweden. 'In Suecia, Erici xiiii. regis coronationi, dies 29 Junii
destinata erat.' (He was the son of Gustavus Vasa, and was dethroned
and slain on 29th of June, the day of St. Peter and St. Paul, by his
brother John 111.)
IVnIVs Vt petrI et paVLI sVa festa sVbIret, ) _
VeLat erICe CapVt sVeCa Corona tVVM. J ~
Page 543. Chronicle for 1564. Alexander Despota, Prince in
Wallachia, having been expelled through the results of war in 1563, is
reinstated, ' sequenti anno Alexander tyrannus iterum in Wallachiam
Turcicis auxiliis restitutus est ;'
Despota Vt est CiEsVs, VIsnoVeCIVsqVe (sic) tyrannVs, )
rVrsVs aLeXanDer VLaChIa regna regIt. / ""
Page 558. Chronicle for 1 565. ' Nicolaus Radivilus Dux Olicae et
Nieswisensis . . . ingenio, virtu teetauthoritateexcellens,cui quid quid
nunc est pure religionis in Lithuania deberi adfirmant, die 28 Maii
extinct us est ;'
OCCIDIS ArCTOjE, RADIV1LE, O GLORIA TERRiB, ) =
heros IngenIo non CIt6 taLIs erIt. J
Page 563. Chronicle of the year 1566. The author now treats
of some of the bishops in Saxony, and here he mentions Bernhard,
Bishop of Minister, who resigned in consequence of the mandate of
Pope Pius v. against the licentious habits of the clergy. — * Nunc in
Dicecesibus aliquot Saxonise, Episcoporum successiones attexam.
Bernhardus enim Monasteriensis episcopus, Pii v. pontificis mandatum
de concubinis removendis, clero diceceseos suae in synodo praeponens,
canonicorum animis jam ante adversus se exacerbatis, et nunc magis
etiam, instinctu concubinarum, odiis inflammatis, post paucos dies
episcopatum resignat (et CVM sCorta VeLInt LVgens eLeCte
reCedIs.) Cui postridie resignationis, Joannes Comes ab Hoya =
episcopus Osnabrugensis, princeps ingeniosus, eruditus, eloquens et
rounificus, a Collegio substitutus est' (This chronogram is faulty,
because the letter 0=500 is not to be counted; it would otherwise
make the impossible year 2067. The chronogram indicates in what
way the bishop himself was the more faulty.)
Page 594. The chronicle for 1569 mentions the death of a witty
poet, celebrated in Lithuania and Poland, ' Nicolaus Reius, Polonus,
lingua patriae poeta ut primus.1
reIVs CessIt In astra ; saLes perIere IoCIqVe ; ) =
neC taLeM IngenIo LaChIa forte feret. J
Page 606. The chronicle for 157 1 mentions George Eabricius,
of Chemnitz, who was born in 1516 (see my former volume on
13*
1560
.*
^
1561
1564
1565
1567
1569
i3 J THE SAXON CHRONICLE.
Chronograms^ p. 291), and died in 1571 at the age of 56 ; he was
celebrated for his piety and learning. His family put up a monument
with an epitaph, including chronogram words of the date of his birth
and his age ; these are the verses containing the same —
nVsqVaM tVta fIDes: natalem continet annum = 1516
Fabricii : LVstrI vox, necis, una notat. = 56
Page 606. In the same year, 157 1, Petrus Caesar, a worthy man,
a military officer at Leipsic, was murdered on 1 2th June, at night, in
his bedroom at Carlsbad. The circumstance is thus narrated ; the
chronogram was made by his nephew — ' Hoc anno dum in thermis
Carolinis noctu decumbens, cuidam nobili familiariter noto, cubiculi
ostium improbrius pulsanti e lecto surgens aperit, ex insidiis ab illo
confossus est, 12 Junii, cujus nefandae caedis eteostichon a Christo-
phoro Csesare, fratris filio, scriptum extat ;'
tVnC qVanDo LVCet bIsseXto IVnIVs»ortV ) __
eXtInCtVs DIro VVLnere Cjesar obIt. J "" X571
Page 616. The chronicle for 1572 describes the massacre of the
Huguenots on the eve of Saint Bartholomew, the 24th of August,
at Paris and other parts of France, under the phrase 'Nuptise
Parisienses,' the festivities which were then being held on the marriage
of Henry iv. Bourbon, King of Navarre with Margaret of Valois,
daughter of Catherine de Medicis who was accused of being the
instigator of the plot The chronicle describes the slaughter of
hundreds of persons in their houses and beds, neither age nor sex
was spared. It describes the slaughter of Caspar Castilioneus l
Amiralius, and the horrible mutilation of his body ; and proceeds in
these words — ' Quod his ipsis verbis Gallicus scriptor commemorat
Mortui famam pontificii carminibus etiam probrosis lacerare conati
sunt, inter quae imprimis argutum est Jo Auratse epigramma. £
contrk Reformats Religionis viri docti, honorificentissimis eum elogiis
prosecuti sunt, ex quibus unicum epitaphium, in quo pietas et
amyralius colloquuntur, adscribo ;
P. — Iste Dei miles Amyrallius, armis
Omnibus invictus, victus ab insidiis.
Sic ego te video, dolor, 6 dolor I ergo jacentem ?
A. — Sic jaceo, non me, vera, jacente, jacent
P. — Ab quis erit, sanctum qui nunc propugnet ovile ?
A. — Ipse suum tutum Pastor ovile dabit.
Versus numeralis, annum et diem caedis nefandae indicans,
BARTHoI-^MiEVs fLet, qVIa franCIsCVs oCCVbat atLas sb 1572
Gallica nunc vere Punica facta fides/
1 This Admiral Gaspard de Coligny was one of the principal leaders of the Huguenot
party ; a proposal has just now been put forth (March 1884), calling upon all sympathizers
in the acts and sufferings of that party to contribute towards the expenses of erecting a
monument to his memory at Paris. Meetings are being held in England in support of the
movement, and the Times newspaper of 26th March gives, in a leading article, an epitome
of historical and other explanations.
THE SAXON CHRONICLE. 133
Here ends the narrative. The date of the massacre is given in
ray former book, pp. 222 and 365, where the above chronogram is
applied to another person.
Page 821. The chronicle for the year 1590 describes a very
protracted winter, so that the trees in the region of the Baltic were
scarcely in leaf in the month of May. Great heat and drought
followed in June, July, and August, the herbage was burnt up, and
rivers and springs became dry. 'De qui insolenti hujus aestatis
ariditate, eteostichon quidam composuit ;'
arbt hIVLCVs ager, CerVo sItIs ora perVrIt, )
aCCenso rhenVs fLVMIne anheLat aqVas. J "~ l^°
The remainder of the year was remarkable for bad weather.
Page 983. The chronicle discourses about the coronation of
Stephen, King of Poland, and the insignia of Poland and Lithuania,
and mentions a great emblematical figure of a knight in full armour
on horseback, 'Eques Cataphractus, magni Ducatus Lithuania
stemma, et Aquila Polonica, versibus artificiosis ornata, cujus
memoriam conservatum non indignam chronicon in fine anni 1579
testatur.' — * In ense, majoribus characteribus, significatur annus, quo
potentissimus Stephanus feliciter inauguratus est, 1576.' (The sword
was inscribed with this chronogram, giving the date of the coro-
nation)—
ense DbI Leges, te reX regnVMqVe tVebor. = 1576
The chronicle then proceeds, ' A pollice dextra equitis, per cas-
sidem, ejusdem artificii versus duo, pacis cum Gedanensibus composite
annum continet 1577,
VIrIbVs eXCeLLo, L*tVs qVoqVe serVIo regI : ) _
IVDICIoqVe sVo stoqVe CaDoqVe LVbens. / "" I577
Then follow other metrical lines, which are inscribed on other
parts of the ' Eques' and his horse, some in the form of acrostics, but
not in chronogram until we come to one on the bridle, which gives
the date of the slaughter in battle at Dantzic, ( In freno carmen in
Uteris majoribus cladem Gedanensium comprehendit;'
Vera pVto regIs LaVs est, DoMVIsse sVperbos. = 1577
(This chronogram is in my former book on Chronograms, p. 184.)
Then follow other regal emblems with verses ; and afterwards at page
984 the Royal Eagle is mentioned, with this among other explana-
tions, ' In diademate, seu corona Aquilae, versus inscriptus, anni 1576,
quo princeps amplissimus Stephanus in regem est coronatus, index
est;'
regaLI gaVDet stephanVs reX MagnVs honore. = 1576
The second part of the volume is the continuation of the
chronicle of Chytneus down to the year 161 1. The only chrono-
grams relate to two German universities, Giessen and Leipsic ; the
reader is referred to another page of the present volume, where those
places are mentioned.
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE
OF
PROCOPIUS LUPACIUS.
A book, said to be a rare one (British Museum, press-mark* 93 15*
aa. 2), 8°, bears this title, ( Rerum Bohemicarum Ephemeris,
sive Kalendarium historicum : ex reconditis veterum annalium monu-
mentis erutum. Authore M. Procopio Lupacio. Pragae, Anno 1574/
The dedication is signed Procopius Lupacius. This particular copy
is in pigskin binding, with clasps, and the initials of a former owner,
P. S. Z. Z. 1596, stamped on the outside. No pagination, but pro-
bably 600 or 700 pages. It is a chronicle of events in Bohemia,
arranged under months and days, and under each day are arranged
the events according to the successive years of their date. The
chronograms are not printed as such, with taller date letters, but only
in plain letters, and generally in italics.1 There is, indeed, no in-
dication that they are chronograms except a word, such as
* Eteostichon ' or ' Numerale,' preceding the couplets of hexameter
and pentameter verse, and but for that guide, they would not be
recognised by an unpractised reader. I have put them into due
form and tested the resulting dates by reckoning up the intended date
letters. Some of the chronograms, however, are wrong, if the dates
stated in the chronicle are correct In those instances where it is not
possible to introduce satisfactory emendations for the one, or to confirm
the other, I have alluded to the discrepancy as an incorrigible original
error. As the names of the writers of the chronograms are mentioned,
it is quite safe to say that the chronograms which express dates much
earlier than that of the book were made a long time after the dates
which they are designed to represent The names of those writers are
thus given —
Eteostichorum Scriptores.
Johannes Balbinus, Reginae Hradecenus.
David Crinitus, ab Hlawaczowa, Nepomucehus.
Bernhardus Sturmius Paczkovinus.
Johannes Rosinus Zatecenus.
And their initials are placed after each chronogram accordingly.
The words of many of the chronograms in this group are enigma-
tical, so far as they are designed to indicate the period of the year in
1 Chronograms printed in this manner are referred to in my work on Chronograms^
published in 1882, page be. I obtained about 50 examples from a rare work, • I cones sive
imagines virorum Uteris illustrium,' by Nicolas Reusner. Augsburg, 1590. (British
Museum, press-mark 611. d. 27.) There are other occasional examples. This Bohemian
chronicle affords about 118 more. I would suggest the term ' crypt o-chronogram ' for them,
because they conceal the contained date.
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
*35
which an event happened. That indication is frequently effected by
an allusion to the relative position of the sun and a particular star in
a constellation, or to the sun's place in one of the signs of the zodiac
on a particular day, facts well known to astronomers, while the general
reader is not enlightened by the astronomical allusion. Classical
phrases or names are sometimes used, such as Janus for January;
also the reckoning of time by lustrums or periods of five years. The
same fanciful method of indicating the particulars of a date may be
noticed in chronograms obtained from other sources. They are not
peculiar to this chronicle. The following examples will direct the
reader's attention to these points : —
Burianus completes 'quatuor lustra,' i.e. he died at twentvrfive
years of age.
Carolivicus, — Lachesis cuts his thread 'ubi quarta dies Jani
fulget,' i.e. he died on 4th January.
Maximilian died on a day indicated by ' Claviger,' i.e. the con-
stellation Hercules.
Praemyslus died in January, indicated by * bifrons Janus.'
Korland died (ubi lux Brigittae dilabitur/ when the day of
St. Bridget departed, it. the evening of the 1st February.
Maximilian died 'Februi lux nona bis orta,' i.e. the 18th of
February.
Mathias was born ' sex ubi ter Februi luces et quinque,' i.e. the
23d of February.
Charles v. was crowned ' octo ter Februa luce intente,' i.e. on 24th
February.
Michalovicius died when * lassus equos agiles per pisces Phoebus
agebat,' when tired Phoebus drove his swift horses through the fishes,
or when the sun was passing through the zodiac sign Pisces, the 6th
of March, in the evening.
Gregorius died * lux ubi currebat martis septena,' i.e. the evening
of the 7 th of March..
• Wenceslaus ' apneas satus est in auras, martius ut noni fulsit ab
axe vice/ or 'clauserat auroras ut ternas Martius et sex,' i.e. he is pro-
duced (or born) into the sunny air of day when March had shone
from the sky for the ninth turn ; or when March had closed three and
nine mornings. In plain English, he was bom on the 9th of March.
Ferdinand 1. is born when 'ubi aurea velligeri cornua Phoebus
adit,' when the golden. sun approached the horns of the fleece-bearer
(the zodiac sign Aries, the ram). This also points to the Golden
Fleece, the badge of the Spanish-Austrian family. The day is the
10th of March.
Albeit becomes Emperor on a date indicated by the same figure
of speech, c ubi sol lassabat vellera ovis,' when the sun had sunk to
the fleece of the sheep, the sun's place in the zodiac on the 20th of
March.
Glatovia is burnt when ' in Maio Titan ter quarto egit iter,' when
the sun had made his 12th journey in May, the 1 2th day of that month.
s<°/
136 THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
Maria of Austria is born 'Phoebus ubi aestivi tetigisset brachia
cancri,' when the sun had touched the arms of the summer-season
crab, or when the sun had just entered the zodiac sign Cancer, the
2 1 st of June.
Schounberg died on the 24th of June, St John the Baptist's day,
'agnifero lux sacra,' the day sacred to the bearer of the lamb, one of
the emblems of that saint.
Ferdinand died ' Jacobi lux ubi splendet,' when the day of St James
shone, the 25th of July.
Maximilian was crowned * lances Phoebus ab axe subit,' when the
sun went under the balance, i.e. into the zodiac sign Libra, as 20th
September.
Codicillus died ' Lux ubi Mauricio currebat sacra,' when the day
sacred to (Saint) Maurice was passing, the 2 2d September.
Ferdinand came to the throne * ut pugnax fulsit rutilanti scorpius
axe,' when the angry Scorpio shone in the ruddy sky, the 24th
October.
Ladislas died ' sol ubi Chironis tangebat signa biformis,' when the
sun touched the sign of the two-formed Centaur (as the zodiac sign
Sagittarius is represented), the 23d November. And as mentioned in
the preceding chronograms, 'sunt Ladislae tribus lustris annisque
duobus exactis,' there were to him three lustrums and two years,
meaning that he was 17 years of age.
The apparent position of the sun in the zodiac, as a means used
some centuries ago for indicating the day of the month, has in the
present day become useless, in consequence of the gradual changes in
the relative motions of the heavenly bodies. The old astronomers
who adopted that artificial arrangement called the signs of the zodiac,
made practical use of them, but now the positions of the signs are
considerably distant from the constellations which once agreed with
them. For instance, the sun now enters the constellation Aries at the
end of April, instead of the 19th of March. The following table is
that which was in use at and before the period when these chrono-
grams were made, i.e. about the sixteenth century. It shows the
times when the sun entered them, according to the observations of the
old astronomers —
The sun enters Aries *v March 19-21.
„ „ Taurus 8 April, about 20.
„ „ Gemini n May, about 20.
„ „ Cancer fl» June 20-22.
„ „ Leo £1 July, about 20.
>» » Virgo flJt August, about 20.
„ „ Libra ** September, 20-22.
„ „ Scorpio in October, about 20.
„ „ Sagittarius t November, about 20.
„ „ Capricorn ltf December, about 20-22.
„ „ Aquarius ~ January, about 20.
„ „ Pisces H February, about 20.
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
*37
}-
i5*9
580
The variations of two or three days of the sun entering the sign
arise from the Leap-year. It caused me much trouble to acquire this
tabular statement, simple as it may appear; elementary astronomical
treatises and encyclopaedia articles were searched in vain. I obtained
it at last from a friend who is well known among astronomers and
architects for his scientific attainments in each science.
Johannes Burianus, comes k Gutenstein, died 7th January
1574, at an early age, worthy of a longer life —
haC CoMes a rICzberg terrA bVrIane Ioannes, )
post qVatVor torpens LVstra peraCta IaCes. (i. r. z.) J "~ IS74
Christophorus Carolivicius, a knight of the empire, wise
and learned, died 8th January 1578—
CVstoDI bIs qVarta DIes VbI fVLget Iano, 1 g
fILa seCat LaChesIs ferrea ChrIstophoro. (b. s. p.) j 57
The Emperor Maximilian died 12th January 1519 —
CLaVIgerI ter qVarta patrIs LVX CVrrIt ab aXe
C/esar Vt e VIVIs ^MILIanVs abIt. (b. s. p.)
Caspar Cropacius of Pilsen, poet laureate, piously departed
from this life 12th January 1580, and was buried at Meissen —
soL fVsorIs aqVjB terna VICe repLet VbI astra, ) __
e patrIa CessIt Caspar, Vt astra CoLat. (i. r. z.) j ~~
This chronogram can only be explained by the supposition that
the author required the reader to supply the letter M to complete the
date to 1580.
Praemyslus, alias OttaganiS, second son of King Wladislaus
of Bohemia, died 15th January 1230 —
Vt reX e VIVIs prIMIsLaVs eXIIt aLto ) _
VIsVs erat fVLgens IanVs In aXe bIfrons. (d, c.) J
Wladislaus, the eldest son of Wladislaus 1., King of Bohemia ;
died 1 8th January 1176, or, according to other but less reliable
authorities, 11 74 or n 72 —
frena Vt septenIs WLaDsLaVs regaLIa LVstrIs
gesserIt; hVnC CLotho tetrICa sponte neCat. (d. a)
This chronogram makes 1185 when carefully compared with the
original. The discrepancy is not explained. _y
Anna, or, as she was baptized, Elizabeth, wife of Ferdinand,
King of Hungary and Bohemia, died 17th January 1547, at the age
of 44, after childbirth —
partV neCta CaDIt fern an DI regIa ConIVnX,
ter noVo Vt retVLIt IanVs In aLta CapVt. (b. s. p.)
This makes 1552. He either mentions a wrong date, or he has
composed a faulty chronogram. Observe the next one —
s
1230
i3»
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
}-
Another.
CLaVIgerI ter nona patrIs LVX orta nItebat,
fernanDI ConIVnX Vt CaDIt anna neCe. (b. s. p.)
Winceslaus Korland, Professor of Theology at Prague, died
at six in the evening, ist February 15 19, at the age of 95. Post ictum
horae sextse nocte vergente in sacrum Purificationis festura. Sepelietur
in sede D. Galli Pragae, honesto frequentique funere elatus,
LVX VbI brIgItta soLIto DILabItVr orbr, ) __
eXCLVDIt VlTiE, VenCesILaVs onVs. (b. s. p.) J ~"
Another.
artIbVs eXaCtIs CVranDa VerenDVs et annIs \ _.
nVnC VIVIt ChrIsto ; VIXerat ante LIbrIs. (b. s. p.) /
Franciscus, natione Moravus, nonnullis Borussus, Jureconsultus,
died 4th February 1541. He founded a Greek professorship at
Prague.
franCIsCVM rapIt hInC LVX febrVa qVarta: LegentI ) _
graCa ab eo praGjE pensIo grata VenIt. (1. R.2.) /
Johannes Sylvanus, of the province of Pannonia, died
('vitam suam clausit') 14th February 1572. He was learned, pious,
prudent, and renowned. He printed many works, 'Psalmos item
Penitentiales, ut vocant, sermone Boemico scriptos, in quibus mens
ejus spirat' The chronogram makes 1573, and there is no way of cor-
recting it The chronicle mentions that in the same year, i.e. 1572, a
contagious disorder raged at Prague —
bIs septena DIes It febrVa nata, Iohannes
svLVanVs terrIs MIgrat In astra plfc. (1. r. z.)
Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, was elected King of
Bohemia at Prague, on 18th February 1549 —
aVCtVs VbI es s£eptrI tItVLo, jeMyLIane, paternI, ) _
febrVI LVX CceLIs nona bIs, orta stetIt. (i. b.) j ""
Red Snow fell in Bohemia in 1416. The circumstance and the
evils attributed to its presence is thus described : ' (Is turn fuit dies
Dominicus post festum Divi Petri Cathredati ut vulgO vocant, hoc est
23 Februarii,) sub auroram, quibusdam in locis Boemiae pluit nive
sanguined, latericiique colons, qu& ad altitudinem unius digiti, terra
fuit adoperta : cruentum coeli, imb Dei judicium, tempestatum,
motuumque bellicorum, qui non multo post, maxima sanguinis
humani profusione, exundirunt in Boemia, plurimisque prope conti-
nenter durirunt annis. Czykani quoque, colluvies hominum malehca,
impura, furax, eodem anno pervagantur Boemiam : et pestilentia
simul eidem regno incumbente,' etc Hence the following chrono-
gram—
VentVrI CrVor est pr^nVnCIVs, ,*there fVsVs, ) _
qVo non trIta prIVs, nIX rVbefaCta, MaLI. (b. s. p.) J ~"
»S47
iS'9
is^
iS4i
1549
1416
r
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. 139
Mathias, Archduke of Austria, is born at Vienna on 23d
February 1557 —
prInCIpe MatthIA erat nato Vt gaVIsa VIenna, ) __
tVnC VeLoX LanCes CynthIVs aXe petIt. (d. c.) j ~~ XS57
Another.
seX VbI ter febrVVs LVCes, et qVInqVe, CIebat, ) __
MatthIjE CVnIs L«ta VIenna CanIt. (b. s. p.) j — i557
Charles V., the Emperor, etc., is born at Ghent, 'quae est
in Flandris urbs magnitudine Celebris/ on 24th February 1500. This
gives the year and the day —
sena qVater L«to febrVI LVX ConstItIt astro ) __
ganDaVI aD CVnas, CaroLe qVInte tVas. (i. b.) / " I5°°
Charles V., the Emperor, is crowned at Felsina (Bologna) by
the Pope, Clement vil, on 23d February 1530—
CaroL Vs IMperII, FELslNiE, InsIgnIa fortIs, )
oCto ter febrVa LVCe nItente tVLIt. (i. b.) J "" *529
Laurentius Span, doctor of medicine, died on 23d February
1575, at Zatecia (Saaz), about 10 miles from Prague. Several of his
works are mentioned, 'quae nos vidimus et legimus, aliaque non
pauca,' etc —
qVI CoLVIt LatII geMInas ben& apoLLInIs artes, ) =
pro CvtharIs, herbIs, en, spanVs astra CoLIt. (i. r. z.) J 575
The town of Brixia, in Bohemia, was burnt, with 400 of the
inhabitants, on 4th March 15 15. 'Bryxia sive Pons oppidum regni
Boemiae, tristi et acerbo damnosoque vastatum incendio conflagravit.
Incubuere eo momento civitati venti vehementes, quae grassantis
flammae incit&runt et adauxerunt vires, ut ilia non in aedes aedificiaque
modb, verhm in homines, tanto tamque inopinato malo ^ttonitos,
desaeviret: Quorum ultra 400 utriusque sexus extincte ferebantur.
Sensit illo ipso anno similem Lippa in Boemia : Nissa in Silesii :
Posonium in Ungarii, incendii calamitatem.'
egregIvE per teCta fVrIt faX noXIa brIX<e, )
LapsaqVe WLCano fVnera MVLta IaCent. (b. s.) J 5 5
Another.
brVXIa CorrIpItVr WLCano eXVsta seCVnD6, \
beLLonje qVarta fratrIs eVnte DIe. (i. r. z.) / 5 5
A comet appeared at nine at night on 3 Non. Mart 1556 —
LetaLIs CroCeo fVLget paLLore CoMetes : =1556
Ostentum petit hoc te, Leo, Roma, Caper.
Johannes Michalovicius, a pious man and learned in the
law, died on 6th March 1572 ; the first chronogram line implies that
it was in the evening —
LassVs eqVos agILes per pIsCes phcebVs agebat, )
spes patrIs, aC patrLe, MIChaeLIne, IaCes. / 57
140 THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
Gregorius de Gelenia, a noble and learned man, died 7th
March 15 14 —
LVX VbI CVrrebat MartIs septena: CrVento I
VICtVs LVgetVr fVnere geLenIVs. (b. s. p.) j "~ 5 4
Wenceslaus, Archduke of Austria, bom 9th March 1561—
aprICas satVs est, tVnC VenCesILaVs In aVras ( _ -
MartIVs Vt nonA fVLsIt ab aXe VICe. (d.c.) j " *5 '
Another.
CLaVserat aVroras Vt ternas MartIVs et seX, 1 ,
nasCItVr aVstrIaCIs VenCesILaVs aVIs. (b. s.) J ~ 5
Ferdinand 1., Archduke of Austria, is born 10th March
'503, at ' Modina,' in the kingdom of Castile —
Numerate anni.
hesperIA eoa gentI prognate MoDIna, etc. (m. c) = 1503
Eteostichon ejus sic habet.
reX VbI CastILLe fernanDVs nasCItVr orbI, ) =
aVrea VeLLIgerI CornVa phcebVs aDIt. j l* 3
The church of SS. Vitus and Adalbert, in the 'citadel'
of Prague, was restored and enlarged by Duke Spitignevus in 1060.
Cuthenus made these verses to indicate the several epochs in the
existence of this structure —
Fundatio. VenCesLaVs fVnDat LatIo hmC saCrarIa VIto. = 923
c^S2S*.QVi!E preCe, sanCte, pIA LiETVs, VVoLfange, DICastI. = 923
Amtutndo. spItIneVs profert LapsI poMcerIa fanI : s= 1060
Rt+aratio HOSTE FVRENTE VORAX qVm CVM VaSTaVeRAT iGNls, = 1 1 42
>r**r" GfiCVs Iohannes opVs hoC eXtrVXIt, et IpsVM =5 1343
Ormuur. CaroLVs eXCoLVIt VarIo reX MVnere et aVro : = 1347
*#£&. HiEC VIoLat postqVaM WLCanVs CVnCta seVerVs>= 1541
'L£SA reforMantVr, fernanDo regna tenente. = 1555
Qui de re apud Hagecum et in Chronicis uberius.
Albert, on the death of Sigismund, becomes Emperor, the second
of that name, on 20th March 1438 —
aVstrIa qVeIs, MVLtIs prIVata Carebat ab annIs, ) = g
aLberto rVrsVs prInCIpe sCeptra gerIt. (b. s. p.) J "" I43
Ferdinand, the son of Maximilian 11., the Emperor, is born at
' Zigdlis/ in Castile, in the year 1551 —
natVs qVI feLIX fVeras CognoMInIs HjEres, )
soL VbI Lassabat VeLLera pVLCher oVIs. (d.c.) J ~* I5SI
Maximilian I. was proclaimed at Aix-la-Chapelle on 27th March
i486. (Nonnulli diem designationis habent 16 Februarii, quod et
hoc eteosticho est expressum —
jeMILIanVs patrI soCIatVr honore, CoLorat ) _ 8fi
oCtaVo bIs VbI febrVVs orbe poLos. (b. s.) j i4
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. 141
Martinus Cuthenus died at Prague, 'Pie ex hac vita
emigravit/ 29th March 1564. He was renowned for his learning.
He was a historian, and a clever writer of epigrams (and of chrono-
grams). ' Scripsit complura epigrammata et epitaphia, quorum non-
nulla typis expressa extant ; multc- tamen major pars publicam lucem
nondum vident, lectu digna,' etc.
CVthenVs, CeLsI feLIX heLIConIs aLVMnVs, ) 6
In bVstIs frVItVr, praga qVIete tVIs. J l$ *
Georgius Podiebradius, ' magnificus dominus,' was born on
the 6th of April 1420, at 24 minutes past 5 in the afternoon, 'post
meridiem,' so says the chronicle —
reLLIgIone pIa poDebragI, CLare georgI, ) _
nasCerIs aprILIs seXta orIente DIe. J "" l*2°
Here observe that in the chronogram the name is modified so as
to suppress the second letter d. This, perhaps, is allowable, although
the German name is twice given in the Latin form ; indeed the plain
German name is not mentioned.
The University of Prague in 1347. It is thus recorded
under the* date 7th April : ' Universitas studii Pragensis, fundatur,
connrmaturque bull£ Karoli iv. Aurea, hoc ipso die scripta.
Numerale vetus.
eXCoLVIt CaVto karoLVs pragaM XenIo reX. = 1347
(D. Thadd. m. s.)
The town of Czaslavia was burnt on 15th April 1522. The
chronicle thus relates the circumstance : Czaslavia oppidum deflagrat
incendio, quod cum pisces in quodam casa suburbana frixissent, est
excitatum, et (ut habet Cuth. and Hag.) neglectum, valido insuper
venti flatu coorto, civitatem corripuit, totamque absumpsit
Concipiunt subitas neglecta incendia vires,
Et dare securis plurima damna solent,
Numerale in Hemistichio priore.
CzasLaVLe pVLChras CoMBVsTiE respICe tVrres, = 1522
flagrabakt martis paschatis ante, die.
The town of Brixia was again (and for the third time, as
appears by the chronogram) burnt on 6th May 1578. The circum-
stance is thus recorded : ' Brixia sive Brixa civitas Boiemisei terum
incendio insignem patitur cladem, et in cineres pene collabitur;'
Eteostichon. (This is almost the only instance in the book of a
chronogram being printed as such.)
brIXa rVIt VaLIDe VVLCanI eXVsta fVrore, ) g
InsIgnIs faCIbVs teCtaqVe RVpTiE CaDVnt. (r s.) J 57
Aliud.
orta VbI seXta fVIt LVX MaIo tVnC VICe ternA
tota fer£ In CIneres brVXIa pVLChra rVIt. (i. r. z.)
}- '578
142 THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
On the same day, in other years, events are thus quaintly men-
tioned. * 15 2 1. Turns arcis Pragensis, etc, vulgb Daliborka, etc, de
ccelo tacta, pinnaculum ejus, parsque tecti latericii dejecta.' . . . * 1539.
Flamma Comets per hos dies arsit Duravit usque ad Junium.
Secuta aestas siccissima, ade6 ut sylvae, a radiis solaribus accensae,
conflagrarint. Incendia crebra/ etc
The town of Glatovia (or Glatz, in Bohemia) was burnt on
1 2th May 1579 —
Eteostichon.
tota ferI: Vt rapIDo gLatoVIa sternItVr Igne ) __
In MaIo tItan ter qVater egIt Iter. (i. r. z.) J "~ '^
Aliud Monostichon.
PENfc absVMpta rVIt gLatoVIa fVnDItVs Igne. (i. r. z.) = 1579
Aliud.
In CeLeres abIIt gLatoVIa PiBNfe faVILLas \ =
per geMInos CVrrens soL VbI feCIt Iter. / ~~ l^79
(Caspar Cropacius.)
Cyprian Leovitius, a mathematician in Bohemia, died on 25th
May 1574; his printed works are the monument of his learning —
VrbanI spLenDente DIe (sIC parCa ferebat) )
CarpIt Iter LethI trIste LeoVICIVs. (b. s. p.) J !^*
The spelling of the name is altered to suit the chronogram, (C for
t), after the custom of old writers, when needed.
The town of Iglau was burnt on 30th May 15 13, occa-
sioned by drunken revels in the monastery, as would appear
from this quaint mention of the circumstance — ' Incendium Iglaviae
per incuriam excitatur, ignis prima flamma e ccenobio erumpente, a
qua 60 aedes in urbe, et in praeurbio 30 domus concremantur. Ita
de anno atque die chronicon Cutheni. B. verc^Sturmius habet annum
1523, et vii. Kalend. Junii, cujus ea de re eteostichon tale est ;
fceMIneo perIt IgLa LeVes CoLLapsa fVrore ) =
In CIneres : fVror hIC ebrIetatIs erat. f 5 *
Id nos discrimen lectori discutiendum relinquimus.'
Conflagration at Prague, on 2d June 1541, preceded by
eclipses of the sun and moon, a comet, and excessively hot weather,
the circumstance is thus quaintly mentioned — *a.d. 1451 (is fuit dies
sacram Pentecosten precedens) hora 19 ab ortu soiis, arx Pragensis
una cum aede sacra et dimidio Minoris urbis, Hradezanoque, prop^
trium horarum spacio tota conflagrat, tribus in locis coorto incendio.
Tam gravem atque luctuosam calamitatem, precesserunt eclipses Solis
et Lunae, an. 1541 et anno 1540 : insuper apparuit et Cometes an.
1539 fuitque aestas siccissima, atque calidissima.'
Numerale anni.
nobILe WLCanVs CastrVM pragense perVrens )
CorrIpIt, et sparsIs IgnIbVs aCta Vorat. (M. Cuthenus.) / is^r
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE, 143
Aliud anni et diei.
ConspICe : praga MInor fLagraVIt ab Igne VoraCI, ) =
LVX penteCostes ante ea qVrtaf VIt. (Vitus Traianus.) J l**1
Aliud.
WLCano CaDIt arX pragensIs, regIa seDes, 1
qVA non nobILIVs CzeChIa gestat opVs. (b. s. p.) J ~~ I**1
Joannes Balbinus, longiusculb recedens, quod mirum, in suo
eteosticho habet 12 Mail, minus rectb; et illud tamen in gratiam
lectoris adscribemus ;
InCLITA TVRRlGERjE CONFLAGRAT REGIa PRAGiE,
qVarta VbI ter MaIo ConstItIt orta poLo.
This chronogram makes 1473, tne chronicle does not explain why.
Ferdinand, the infant son of the Emperor Maximilian 11., died
at Vienna on 2d June 1552 —
VIX Infans fernanDVs, VbI sVperaVerat annVM, ) _
oppetIt, InsanIs Vt rosa pressa notIs. (b. s. p.) J ~* I552
Charles, Archduke of Austria, son of Ferdinand, is born
at Vienna 3d June 1540 ; the chronogram, however, makes 1539 —
faCta DIe terno IVno CanDente, sVperba est, ) _
CaroLe VagItV pVLChra VIenna tVo. (i. b.) J - *539
Ernest, the son of the Emperor Maximilian 11., is born on 15th
June, at Vienna, in 1553 —
Eteostichon.
DVX erneste, poLI LabentIs ConspICIs aVras, ) _
qVInqVe VbI soL trIpLICat IVnII In orbe DIes. (d. c.) J "" ISS3
Aliud.
DeDIta VbI VIto reCoLVntVr saCra VeLIno,
ernest Vs prInCeps nasCItVr aVstrIaCVs. (b. s. p.)
This chronogram agrees with the original, but it makes 1652.
Rudolph, son of the Emperor Maximilian n., was born 18th
June 1552. He succeeded his father on the throne —
Eteostichon.
IVre, rVDoLphe, sIbI LaVDes te IVLIVs orto, et ) __
posCIt In aVstrIaCIs pVLChra VIenna IgnIs. (d. c.) J "" '552
Aliud.
qVI DVbII CapVt est peLagI, terr^qVe, roDoLphVs, ) __
GesarIbVs CiESAR nasCItVr ortVs aVIs. (a s. p.) j "~ fS52
Maria, daughter of the Emperor Charles v., and wife of the
Emperor Maximilian 11., is born at Madrid, a city in Castile, on 21st
June 1528. ('Quidam assignant xi Junii, quod fortasse incuria typo-
graphorum mendum accidit.1)
Eteostichon.
phoebVs VbI ^estIVI tetIgIsset braChIa CanCrI, ) _
CastILIIs Infans est MarIa orta pLagIs. (d. c.) / "" 'S28
144
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
}-
}-
}-
1528
I550
'575
Aliud.
soL perVentIs VbI torrens per braChIa CanCrI,
LabItVr, InVICto nata MarIa patre est. (b. s. p.)
An accident at ' G la to via,' Klattau, in Bohemia. The fall
of the roof of the church without hurting any one, on 21st Juue 1550,
is thus related — 'Sabbato ante D. Joannis Baptists, tectum, seu
testudo chori in templo Glatoviensis ad summara aram, suapte sponte
corruit; sed non cuiquam hominum, Dei misericordis beneficio,
damnum ei ruina est illatum ;
CeLsa gLatoVInI pereVnt fastIgIa teMpLI, ) _
hVC VbI VeLoCI IVnIVs Ibat eqVo. (S. Ennius.) ) *~
Petrus k Schvanberg, a baron of Bohemia, a worthy man,
died 24th June 1575. Sepultus in Ronspergo suae ditionis oppido;
eXVtVs CVrIs petrVs shVanbergIVs astra ) —
CVM CoLIt, agnIfero LVX saCra Vate VIget. (i. r. 2.) J "
King Ladislaus resigned the crown on 28th June 1454; the
circumstance was publicly commemorated as thus described in the
chronicle — ' Duces circumjacentium et vicinarum provinciarum Pragae
in area fori Majoris urbis Pragensis a rege Ladislao, diademate regio
recens cincto, feudum acceperunt : exhibita turn et varia spectacula,
atque ludi equestres, quae barbari hastiludia et torneamenta appellant'
ante petro et paVLo saCra IVbILa, nate phILIppo
sortIre IMperII, karoLe, frena saCrI. (i. b.)
' Huic renunciationi interfuit nomine regis Boemiae, utpote Electoris
Romanorum Imperatoris, vir illustris Ladislaus k Sternbergk, Baro
Boemiae, etc.*
Ludovicus, son of Wladislas, King of Hungary and Bohemia,
is born on 1st July 1506, between the hours 15 and 16. There
appears to be a doubt as to the exact day — * Cuthenus annotat 24
Junii, sed de hoc die plures chronologi consentiunt.'
Hemistichum numerate anni.
ANTE DIEM NATVS. (M. C.) = 1506
Aliud anni et diei.
qVIntILIsqVe reCens LVDoVICVs et aCCIpIt ortVs,
hIC satVs In CVnIs CernItVr, ILLe poLo. (b. s. p.)
Ioannes Hus (sic), the martyr, was burnt at Constance, 6th July
HIS—
VItaM heV ConstantI ConstantIa Vt abstVLIt hVsso,
reLLIqVIIs VstI rhenVs VbIqVe VIget. (i. r. z.)
Observe the play on the words ' Hus' and ' ustus.' And see a
somewhat similar chronogram in Chronograms, page 334, and the
same is noticed at page 43, ante.
Wratislaus k Pernstein, a great and magnificent baron of
1506
1415
!
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. 145 j
Bohemia, Supreme Chancellor of the kingdom, and Knight of the
Golden Fleece, was born on oth July 1530 —
CLaresCente DIe nona qVIntILIs : In aVras ) —
InCLIta stIrps gentIs, VratIsLaVs aDest. (b. s. p.) J ~" *f53°
Joannes Gerson, Chancellor of the University of Paris, a
renowned theologian, died on nth July 1429, but *de die scriptores
variant'
LethaLIs ter qVarta DIes VbI spLenDet IVLI, ) —
gerson Iter propers CogItVr Ire neCIs. j ~~ I42^
The death of Bartolus in 1359 is thus mentioned— ' (Hunc
annum habet M. Beutherus : aetatis verb 46.) 6 (Oavaros) Perusii
Bartolus, Saxoferratensis Umber; princeps jureconsultorum sui
temporis ; qui Karolo iv. Caesare vixit, ab eoque insigni argumento,
donatus est leonis bicipiti cauda salientis. P. Massonus, B. Sturmius
notat obitus annum 1355. (Fortassis ex Bapt. Seve, et Tritemio.)'
Ejus eteostichon tale est.
bartoLVs e VIVIs eXIt: qVID restat In orbe? )
VIVIt honor; DoCtI sCrIpta perIta LegVnt. j I3"
Wratislaus, the first King of Bohemia, was crowned at Prague
on 15th July 1086, at 19 hours 17 minutes ' post meridiem.'
regIs erat Magno VVratsLaVs ornatVs honore,
Vt ter qVInta eos IVnII oborta fVIt. (d. c.)
This chronogram does not agree with the date mentioned, it
makes 1096.
Rudolph II., the Emperor, was born at Vienna on 18th July
1552-
IVre, roDoLphe, sIbI LaVDes, te, IVLIVs orto, et I
posCIt In aVstrIaCIs pVLChra VIenna IVgIs. (d.c) J ~~ 55
Another.
DVX LVCIs peragrat getVLI terga Leon Is
CretVs sVb VItm IVra, roDoLphe, CapIs. (b. s. p.)
This last chronogram agrees not with the preceding one, nor with
the date mentioned ; it makes 155 1.
Ferdinand, the Emperor, died at Vienna, at six in the after-
noon, on 25th July 1564, the day of Saint James, the apostle of
Spain. 'Vixit annos 61, menses 4, dies 14, horas 20. Imperavit
annos 6. Regnavit in Boemia 37, in Hungaria totidem annos.'
ILLVstrIs CVrIs graVIbVs, fernanDVs, et annIs, 1 ,
pVnCtVs, IaCobI LVX VbI spLenDet, obIt. (b.s.) / " I5?4
Defiincti, imperatoris pientis corpus deinceps Pragam inhumandum
deportatur, etc, qui de re alibi fusius.
Maria, daughter of the Emperor Maximilian 11., was born 27th
July 1555—
qVa genItrICIs habet CeLebrIs, VIrgVnCVLa noMen, )
EST SATA TER IVLII LVX VbI NONA NlTET. (r S.) j 555
T
0
i46 THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
Augustus, the august Duke of Saxony and Elector of the
Empire, was born on 31st July 1526 —
aVgVstVs prInCeps VbI nasCItVr, atrIa pLaVDVnt \ 6
aD CVnas VIrtVs, paX, pIetasqVe CanVnt. (b. s. p.) J 5
Another.
LVX VbI qVIntILIs rVtILat graVIs VLtIMa prInCeps 1 6
nasCItVr aVgVstVs fLos, VIgor, orbIs honor, (b. s. p.) J 5
Wenceslaus vi.f King of Bohemia, died of apoplexy on
1 6th August 141 9. The chronicle mentions 'apoplexii percussus cum
magno clamore et rugitu, quasi leonis, subitb est extinctus, in Novo
castro propfe Pragam, etc
bIs qVater aVgVstVs soLes DVpLICabat ab aXe, ) _
Vt reX aD sVperos VenCesILaVs abIt.' (d.c.) / ~ I419
Georgius Wabruschius died on 20th August 1565. He left
the income of a portion of his patrimony for the benefit of schools in
his country. He was buried at Vienna, in the church of St Stephen.
An epigram concerning him is followed by ' ejusdem eteostichon,'
WabrVsCI CorpVs parVA reqVIesCIt In VrnA, ) _ -
Mens pIa CceLestIs VIVIt In aXe poLI. { " I5°5
Aliud.
aVstrIaCo reCVbat VVabrVsChII CorpVs In VrVo
Mens tenet eXCVLtjE rVra qVIeta pLagje.
(Joan. Althomytteni.)
The second chronogram is wrong: it makes 1670, 105 years too
much. It could be corrected by taking out the letters v and c from
the name as it stands printed in the original.
Thomas Hussinecius, a physician, died at Prague on 21st
August 1582, when the pestilence was raging there, and most of the
inhabitants had fled from the place. His epitaph commenced thus —
Vir bonus et Medicus pnestans Husnecius ille
Thomas, Pragensi Doctor in urbe manet,
Dum reliqui vitant Pestem, curasque reliquunt
Unicus is medicd sudat, et arte juvat, etc.
And at the conclusion was this eteostichon —
orta sVb aVgVsto LVX ter septena, CeLebrIs 1 _ «
arte thoMas C0A,1 peste CaLente IaCet. (i. r.z.) j ~~ ^
John, the blind King of Bohemia, was killed in the battle
of Crecy whilst fighting. The chronicle says, ' ipse, tametsi privatus
luminibus, pro amicissimo rege, propria manu fortiter ac strenufe
dimicans, in acie occumbit,' on behalf of his friend the King of
France against the King of England, on the 28th August 1346, being
1 The island of Coos, where Hippocrates was born ; hence the epithet Coan is applied
to the medical art.
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. 147
70 years of age. The chronogram is faulty, because it makes 1396.
It requires the omission of the letter l=so.
reX, VbI tVrpe pVtas sVa Vertere terga boeMos,
pernICIes fVerant angLICa Castra tIbI. (d. c.)
He was cautioned by his friends, and replied, 'Aut ego hodie
victor evadam, aut letho insigni regife cadam.' 1
The battle of ? a town in Hungary, on the Danube.
The chronicle says ('Pugna Mogaciensis, Mogacium est ut ait
I. Sambucus, in Ungaria oppidum ad ripam Danubii situm), on 29th
August 1526, the day of the beheading of St John the Baptist. On
this occasion Louis, the young King of Hungary and Bohemia, was
killed whilst fighting for the Christians against the Turks —
beLLa tener LVDoVICVs aqVA CeLeranDo neCatVr. (m. c)= 1526
Another.
LVCe saCra pLeXI CoLLo, LVDoVICe, IohannIs, ) ,
tb spVrCA eXtInXIt tVrCa CrVentVs aqVA. (i. b.) / " I52°
Another.
reX, propVgnat VbI, LVDoVICVs, agrosqVe foCosqVe, ) _ ,
aVt fato, aVt DIrIs artIbVs oCCVbVIt. (b. s.) ] " I52°
Rudolph, son of Maximilian 11., was declared King of
Bohemia on 6th September 1575. This chronogram in Anacreontic
metre, was made by Th. M. Lym —
REX PRiEPOTENS rVDoLphVs ) =
roManVs, opto, nostras j "5
Res, Pannonas et ornet,
Regatque Deo juvante.
The town of Tabor, in Bohemia, was set on fire by some
wicked incendiaries on 7th September 1559, and continued burning
for two days —
Vrbs thabor InfeLIX, teCtIs eXtrVCta sVperbIs, ) =
nat2 MarLe sVbItIs Censa8 rVIt faCVLIs. (p. l.) j x"9
The town of Pesth, 8th September 1541. ' Pestum a Turcicis
copiis occupatum, hactenus Turcicae tyrannidi subjacet ' —
LVX oCtaVa pIgrI septeMbrIs ab orbe fLVebat,
tVrCa VbI pestanas oCCVpat aCer opes. (b.s.)
There is something wrong here. The chronogram agrees not with
the date mentioned ; it makes 1644. The chronicle was printed in
1584.
The town of Buda, on the 16th September 1526, was
1 Ich dien, ' I serve,' now the motto of the Prince of Wales, was first assumed by
Edward the Black Prince on this occasion. He took it from the King of Bohemia, who
was killed, serving as a volunteer, as it has been expressed.
1 The day of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
8 Censa pro sccensa..
148
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
occupied, through surrender, and devastated, by Solyman the Turkish
tyrant ; the Christian army under King Louis having shortly before
been defeated —
GRASSANTE VNGARlCAS tVrCa VICtORK PER ORAS, ( _
fIt preDa CceCIs regIa bVDa getIs. J
At the same time the noble library of Matthias Corvinus, King of
Hungary, containing an incomparable store of literature, was
destroyed, ' immaniter, proh dolor, incensa fcedfeque vastata est'
Maximilian II., Archduke of Austria, on the 20th September
1562, was crowned King of Bohemia, 'cingitur de more, ejusdem
regni Boemici diademate ' —
tVnC reX ornArVnt sCeptro, fVLVaqVe CoronA
te bceMI, LanCes phcebVs Vt aXe sVbIt. (d. c.)
Another.
SANCTA PlI PRAGiC CeLebrant VbI festa teLona,
sCeptra patrIs CapIens aMILIane, tenes. (i. r. z.)
}-
}=
1526
1562
1562
1576
1575
Rudolph II. was inaugurated King of Bohemia on 20th Sep-
tember 1575. 'Quidam sacerdos Aulicus tribus dictionibus, quas hi
Anacreontei Th. M. continent investigavit.'
Eteostichon.
rVDoLphVs IMperator ) _
aVgVstVs o paternas J
Opes gubernet haeres
Turcas ad edomandos.
Aliud.
CzeChIa te sCeptrI DeCorabat honore, roDoLphe, ) =
Vt soL bIs qVInto presserat aXe LIbras. (d. c.) j
As to the first chronogram, the 'Aulic priest' is one year in
advance; it makes 1576.
Charles V., Emperor, died in the monastery of St Justo in
Estremadura on 21st September 1558 —
CaroLVs aLeXanDro par aVsIs qVIntVs, agrosqVe 1 =
herCVLeo LATfe notVs aD VsqVe IaCet. (b. s.) /
Jacobus Codicillus died 2 2d September 1576. He was a
physician and a worthy citizen of Prague.
LVX VbI MaVrICIo CVrrebat saCra IaCobVs ) _
eXhaLat j VIrtVs est, graVItasqVe sVper. (b, s. p.) J
Maximilian, the son of Ferdinand, King of Hungary, married
Maria, daughter of the Emperor Charles v., on 23d September 1548 —
VIsa, DIes, fVIt oCtobrIs qVjb, nona CaLenDIs, 1 g
reX InVICte, tVo CLarVIt orta thoro. J 54
Mathias Lunaeus, a priest of renown at Nymburg in Bohemia,
died, cex hac vitA emigravit,' 26th September 1567 —
155*
1576
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. 149
NON OBlT, HOCCE AT ABlT, LVNiEVs AB ORBE MATHlAS,
AC CoLlT ^THERIjE REGNA BEATA PLAGiB. (P. L.)
This chronogram agrees not with the date mentioned : it makes
1565, which is wrong?
Johannes Orpheus a Choterina Zatacensis, a learned and
worthy man, Professor at the University of Prague, died whilst the
pestilence was raging there, on 1st October 1542. 'This is his
epitaph ' —
Conditur hie tumulo quondam Bohemius Orpheus
Qui Zatecena natus in urbe fuit
Huic artem livens invidit Apollo canendi,
Hinc ilium telo perculit ipse suo.
Christe, tuum vatem Sanctis adjunge poetis,
Ipsum cumque sua transfer ad astra lyra.
PRiEBVlT orpheozaCa CVnas, praga sepVLChrVM, I
CLarVs VbI Vates, atqVe professor erat. J 54
Hermannus Mestecenus, a priest, died 2d October 1573 —
oCtobrIs LVX per terras aLtera sparsa ) __
MesteCIVs CceLos, regna beata CepIt. (i. r. z.) J 573
The town of Tachau was burnt for the seventh time on 8th
October 1543 —
VIX teMpLIs atqVe arCe LeVes fVgIentIbVs Ignes, )
oCtaVo oCtobrIs taChoWa trIst^ rVIt. (s. s.) J 543
Maximilian, Archduke of Austria, son of the Emperor
Maximilian 11., was born on 12th October 1558 —
qVI patrIs atqVe aba VI noMen tenet, aVstrIaCa hVnC \
Vrbs, >= 1558
bIs seXtA oCtobrIs LVCe orIente, tVLIt. (d. c.) J
Maximilian II., Emperor, died on 12th October 1576, at the
age of 49. He had reigned twelve years, and .been King of Bohemia
twenty-seven years. He was succeeded by Rudolph n., ' whom we
pray that God may long prosper.'
aMILIanVs obIt Cesar; fLe, teVtona terra; ) _ 6
CjESar obIt; Leges, IVraqVe sanCta IaCent. (b. s.) J ~~ x"
Sulyman the Sultan of Turkey is repulsed at Vienna on 15th
October 1529, 'Suliemannus Turcicus Tyrannus, caesus et propulsatas
a Vienna ' —
IDIbVs oCtobrIs tVrCe fera sIgna tIrannI, ) =
faCta prIor beLLI CeDe, VIenna fVgat. (i. r) J x^29
Another.
gens aCrI CIngIt pharetrata Cohorte VIennaM ; ) =
sentIt at aVstrIaCos non CarVIsse VIrIs. (b. s. p.) J ^29
The Turks are said to have lost 80,000 men by cold and starva-
tion.
IS©
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
}-
}-
Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, was elected King of
Bohemia on 24th October 1526, at Prague, amidst much rejoicing and
the sound of bells and cannons —
Vt pVgnaX fVLsIt rVtILantI sCorpIVs aXe, )
tVnC reX eLeCtVs ferDInIanDVs erat. (d. c.) J
Venceslaus Melissaeus, of Saaz in Bohemia, ' olim saceilanus
Zatecensis, deinde Decanus Lunensis, postmodum pastor Bischitii et
Dubse,' etc., died on 26th October 1578. His epitaph commences
with these lines —
Tu quoque Zatecensem sequeris Vatslae Decanum,
Qui tibi progenitor spiritualis erat
And concludes with this eteostichon —
CLarVIt oCtobrIs LVX seXta VIgesIMa, frater
VatsLae abes, rVtILoqVe bonVs reqVIesCIs In aXe.
Erasmus of Rotterdam was born 28th October 1465-
oCtobrIs septena qVater LVX fVLget ab aXe,
orbIs VbI faCtVs CIVIs erasMVs, oVat. (b. s.)
Ferdinand, the recently elected Emperor, entered Prague with
much pomp on 8th November 1558. This chronogram marks both
that event and the death of Charles v. —
CaroLVs In CceLo, ferDnanDVs VIVIt In orbe ; | __
pLaVsIbILI frVItVr Cesar VterqVe, statV. j ""
Albert, Archduke of Austria, son of Maximilian 11., was born
at Neapolis (Neustadt), in Austria, 13th November 1559 —
DVX satVs eX aLto VIVIs, aLberte, CrVore,
soL ChIronIs aDIt sIgna VbI heLIaCI. (d. c)
Another.
eXCIpIt Vt ChIron, DVCIs In sVa teCta qVaDrIgas,
ponItVr aLbertVs nobILe VentrIs on Vs. (b. s.)
Radkowa died 19th November 1560. ' Emigravit ex hac vitA,
pife mortuus M. Adarous a Radkowa, patria Zatecensis, civis et archi-
grammateus Novae Urbis Pragensis/
raDkoVIVs tVVs hIC, noVa praga, qVIesCIt honestIs, ) _
CVI, fceCVnDa VIrIs, patrIa zaCa fVIt. (i. r. z.) J ~"
Sebastianus iErichalcus died in 1555, of the pestilence, at
Prague, ' in domo Caroli iv.,' commonly called the great college. He
was renowned for piety and learning, and proficiency in the Greek
language.
Eteostichon.
VIXIt: at hInC abIIt DoCtA graVIs arte sebastVs,
ConDItVr InqVe tVo, beLLICa praga, sInV. (b. s.)
Ladislaus, King of Hungary and Bohemia, died on 23d
November 1458, under mournful circumstances thus related : * Dum
}-
}-
1526
1578
1465
1558
1559
1559
1560
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE. i 5 i
Pragae maximis sumptibus apparantur nuptiae regales, dum in Galliam
pro sponsa legatio splendidissima mittitur; ecce tibi, Ladislaus
Ungariae et Boemiae rex, florentissimus aetate formaque juvenis, hoc
die (qui fuit d. Clementi sacer) hora 23 pestilentia correptus,;Pragae in
regia su&, e vita emigrat; cum regnaret in Boemia annos quatuor ;
aetatis anno, ut Hagecus notat, 17 et rectfc quidem. Est enim natus
anno Domini 1440. Ut Nauclerus et Cuspinianus 19 minus
rectfe.'
sVnt LaDIsLab trIbVs LVstrIs, annIsqVe DVobVs 1 «
eXaCtIs, VlTiE fILa reCIsa tVa. (d. c.) / " I45
Charles IV., Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia,
died at Prague, at the age of sixty-three, on 29th November
1378—
soL VbI ChIronIs tangebat sIgna bIforMIs, ) = g
abLatVs terrIs, CaroLVs astra sVbIt. (d. c.) J ~~ ^7
Simon Proxenus, a celebrated professor of law, died piously
at his own house at Prague, on 7th December 1576. He wrote many
works.
LVX IVrIs phcebIqVe DeCVs, patrIjEqVe VoLVptas ) = -
CceLICoLas gaVDens proXenVs Inter oVat. (b. s.) J l*'
Christophorus Carlovicius, l eques auratus ; sapientii, erudi-
tione, et dignitate clarus,' etc., was born on 14th December 1507 —
LVX CarLoVICIe gentIs, terr^qVe boheM^e ) =
VIVIt ChrIstophorVs nobILe natVs on Vs. (b. s.) / ~" l*0'
Jesus Christus was born 25th December, according to this
chronicle, ' a.d. a conditione mundi 3962 (sic) ; anno urbis conditae
753; anno imperii Julii Octaviani 29; anno Herodis e.n.i. alienigenae,
Judaeorum regis 36 ; Coss. Cosso Cornelio Lentulo, L. Calpurnio ;
assumpta humana natura, natus est Dominus et Salvator noster Jesus
Christus, Dei filius aeternus, ex Maria semper Virgine in oppido
Bethleem Judae : juxta Micheae propheta vaticinium.'
eXhaVrIt qVa LVCe syrVs VenerabILe teMpLVM, ) _ 6
faCtVs hoMo DeVs est, saLVa VIrago parens, (b. s.) j " 39 3
This date, 3963, differs forty-one years from that usually adopted
to express the Christian era, viz., 4004 anno mundi. It is in accord-
ance with one of the many systems of chronology or calculation of
that period for which there is no exact historical date.
Vitus Fayer, Sittavensis (of Zittau?), a renowned senator and
musician, died on 26th December 155 1. His epitaph commenced
thus, 'Quicquid fuit mortale Fayri, conditur in hoc sepulchro;
spiritus gaudet polo.' And concluded with this eteostichon —
soLertIs VItI teLLVs CapIt aLtera CorpVs: ) _
In ChrIstI VIVIt Mens bene nIXa sInV. (t. m.) j i551
*5*
THE BOHEMIAN CHRONICLE.
Jacobus Camenicenus, a celebrated preacher and author,
died at ' Mezercii,' on 30th December 1565, 'pife ex hac vit&
emigravit.'
arte IaCobe, potens, CaMenICene, gaLenI, > _ ^
MTERHM AC VoCIS, PVRE PROFESSOR, OBlT. (i. R. Z.) > 5 5
Finis Ephemeridum sive
Kalendarii historici.
LA US DEO.
•Das
DAS
A. B. C.
very curious octavo book in the British Museum (press-mark
_ 133 1. a. — i, 2.) ; there is also a copy in the Bodleian Library,
)as A. B. C. cum notis variorum Herausgegeben von einera, Dessen
Nahmen im A. B. C. stehet.' Leipzig and Dresden, 1703. In two
parts. Under each letter of the alphabet, in its turn, there is a col-
lection of allusions, alliterations, anagrams, chronograms, puzzles, and
other fanciful uses of the letters. The following extracts will give the
chronograms, and show some of the other curious features ; but a
transcript and translation of the whole book would be required to
display all of them. The book is badly printed, and blunders are too
common, at least I have found it so in the chronograms. The work
has very much the character of a chronicle. The chronograms relate
chiefly to events in the history of Hungary, and to the campaigns
which led to the expulsion of the Turks from that country.
The vowel letters, a e i o u, are sometimes found thus in old
German books, and are said to indicate some circumstances in Austrian
history (see my book on Chronogram, p. 141). The following
extract from the work now under notice will go far to exhaust this
particular puzzle. I have never before met with it : —
Austriae
Et
Imperii
Offensae
Volucres.
Augur
Ergo
Iste
Ostentum
Vesanum.
Abundantia
Ejus
Intestinorum
Ore
Vaticinat.
Aucupatur
Ex
Insidiis
Opinabilis
Visocaccus.
Ab
Extis
Inspiciendis
Obsidiatur
Veneficus.
Affectus
Eflectum
Impii
Optat
VaticiniL
Austria
Et
Imperium
Ominose
Velluntur.
Austriae
Etiam
Imperio
Oscitanter
Vaticinantur.
Austria
Effigies
Ingeniis
Ominosior
Vatum.
A. B. C
*53
Austria
Elata
Ingens
Oculis
Vatum. solum
Austriae.
Austria
Excipit
Infestos
Osculo
Vates. placabilis
Aurum
Examinatur
Ignis
Oracula
irss.
Veritas.
Antiqui
Examinatur
Impudens
Omen
VaniloquL
Austrologus
Excutitur
Impudenter Ominosus
Viennae.
Avertat
Execrabile
Juppiter
Omen
Vatidici.
Arioli
Experientia
Ineptum
Obruet
Vaticinium.
Aruspex
Exterminabitur
Inanibus
Oraculi
Verbis.
Auguralis
Eluctatur
Jovis
Optima
Volucris.
Aquila
Ex
Industria
Ominatores
Ulciscetur.
Alauda
Expertior
In
Omnibus
(Vaticen)
Vaticine.
Aquila
Evolat
In
Orbem ovanter Universum.
Alauda
Ex
Istro
Volat.
A ustria
/\ller
in* xtendetur
XL hren
Tn
1st
/^vrbem
V-/ sterreich
\ 7niversum.
VolL
The five vowels also occur in these words —
AcrOatErlUm. ApObAtErlUm. MOnAstErlUm. Also in the
name JEhOVAh.
At page 190 these chronograms appear ; the first is on the coro-
nation of the King of Hungary on 23d May 161 1 —
MatthIas seCVnDVs. = 161 1
Epigrams on the happy victory at Buda gained by the Christians
under the Emperor Leopold 1. ; the first is addressed, ' Ad augus-
tissimum Imperatorem Leopoldum,'
LaVrea fer LiETls VICtor LeopoLDe trophaIs ; )
eCCe sVbest aqVILIs bVDa reCepta tVIs. j "~
Another on the same event —
VIVe tIbI IVsto feLIX LeopoLDe trIVMpho =
VIVe aqVILIs superIt bVDa sIt VMbra tVIs. =
To the Most Serene Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria —
sIt preCIosa1 tVIs tVa gLorIa baVare gestIs
nobIs eVM est hostes te sVperante DeVs.
To Charles, Duke of Lorraine, by A. Gorlaeus —
CaroLe tV Cor habes VICIstI CaroLe tVrCas
LaVs sonat e gestIs non MorItVra tVIs.
To the victorious army, both living and dead—
victores et victoriis immortuos, —
VIVIte VICtores aLtos Mors DVXIt In astra
eX pVLChro heroVM sangVIne bVDa rVbet.
}-
}-
■'Ad reliquos
1686
1686
1686
1686
1686
1685
1686
1 preCIosa for pretIosa. The chronogram required this and other corrections of
misprints.
V
154 A. B. C
1 = 1686
On the vigil of the assumption of the Blessed Virgin the Turks
were defeated who attempted to enter Buda —
VIrgInIs AssVMPTiE VIgILI pIetate piubIbat ) 6g6
festa saCrata DIes ferIa qVarta fVIt. J ""
haC hostIs perIIt, qVI bVDaM Intrare parabat, ) _ ,g6
pro festIs VIgILat VIrgo benIgna sVIs.1 j
On the festival of the decollation of St John the Baptist the Turks
were again defeated —
eX DeCoLLatIs sVnt faVsta CeLebrIa tVrCIs, ) 6g6
qVm DeCoLLatI festa JohannIs erant. j "" f
Buda demum expugnatur anno post 1680. sexto s. ter secundo ;
the chronogram, however, makes one year too much.
feLICIs bVDje VICtorIa sCrIbItVr annI. I 6g
sCrIbIte! ter nobIs ILLe seCVnDVs brIt. f l '
Expugnatur mense Septembri die secunda,
si bIs ergo senas annI sVggressero partes
LVX In septeMbrI nonne seCVnDa fVIt?
Buda expugnatur feria secunda,
ferIa septenos Inter DIVrrsa pLanetas ) _ ^Q,
qVa bVDa erIpItVr nonne seCVnDa fVIt. / - lW0
Concluditur quod sit expugnatio ter felix,
ergo ter feLIX, qVIa ferIa MensIs et annVs ) _ 6gfi
In trIbVs optata sorte seCVnDa notant. j ""
Buda expugnatur die Lunae,
" " " " " }-
Buda die Lunae capitur armata manu,
Vis graVIs et pIetas tVrCas generosa sVbegIt. ) _ 6g6
estne DIes LVnjE ? non pVto, MartIs erat. j ""
Buda expugnatur pauculis horis post plenilunium.
ConfeCtVs fVerat LVna orbIs tVrCa LabasCe ( _ ,ft,
bVDa tIbI LVna DefICIente perIt. J - l68°
Aliud alludens ad illud ; ' Filius accrescens Joseph/ Gen. xlix. 22.
fILIVs aCCresCens soLI est tIbI LVna perIbIt.
hVnC pIa fata IVbent CresCere te MInVL*
Buda capitur eodem die Pontif. Rom. creat Cardinales,
pVrpVreIs patres ornabat papa gaLerIs ) __ ,ft
pVrpVra IaM BVDiB sangVIne tInCta nItet. / "" l68°
Capitur inspectante Vezirio Buda,
VezIrIo aDspeCtante oCVLIs est bVDa reCepta ) __ , -,
sVLtanI, testIs nonne oCVLatVs erIt? j "" l686
1 The original contains a misprint, Vest Is for festIs.
* This agrees with the original, but it makes 1786, and is manifestly wrong ; the words
quoted are from the Vulgate, and here they allude to the Archduke and future Emperor,
Joseph 1.
CLara DIes LVn«, qVa bVDa est Capta, Laborat i ma
protInVs eCLIpsI thraCIa LVna graVI. * - ,wo
1
A. B. C. 155
Eodem hie capitur die Buda, quo Solymannus earn intravit anno
1541. Regina Hungariae relegata,
Ista DIes nobIs qVIa bVDa reVertItVr aLba
et faVsta et festa et tota seCVnDa fVIt.1
Nostris insultu jam praevalentibus alba vexilla Turcae frustra
exponunt,
hostIs VbI nostros JaM VI VIDet Vrbe potIrI, ) = 6g,
sVppetIas paCIs sIgna per aLba petIt. J "~ *
JVra seD effVso tInXIt sIgna aLba CrVore,
ConCoLor aVstrIaCo DebVIt esse CoLor.2
Buda perdita perdit Sultanus caput Hungariae,
bVDa CapVt regnI est, CapIte hoC sIbI tVrCa negato ) = 6g6
CogItVr oppressVs pLangere qVoD sIt anCeps. J
Aug. Imperat. Boh. et Hung. Rex hab. 2 Regni Capita Praga et
Buda.
praga CapVt zeChLe est fIDo gLorIa regno
HVNGARliE bVDa hoC reX CapIt Ipse CapVt.8
est CapVt hIC et IbI a soLIo CapIt hoC et ab Isto
en CapIta ergo DVo reX LeopoLDVs erIt.4
Aliud alludens ad bicipites aquilas,
praga CapVt regnI, CapVt InDe hVngarIa bVDa
nVnC aqVILa hjeC poterIt CasarIs esse bICeps.
Aliud quod exprimit annum ab orbe condito,
regnI hInC praga CapVt, InDe est bVDa DVorVM.
sIC gregeM CapItVM te LeopoLDe probas.6
Vezirius Budi capt4 fugit,
pro Certo CeCInIt bVDa CLangente reCeptVs
torpens VezIrIVs qVID CanIt ergo ? fVgaI.
Veziri premium erit forte monile sericum, t.e. his reward will be to
be strangled with a silken bow-string.
VezIrIos sVLtane faVe sIC aCta reposCVnt
serICIo CoLLVM strIngere torqVe sIne.
S. Stephani templum Budae innocuum,
InnoCVa est bVDm stephanI speCtabILIs jeDes. ) = ^g^
hVIC non tVrCa fVrens neC noCVere rogI. /
sCILICet hVIC InsIgne tVI est LeopoLDe JosephI. ) = l6g(5
Vt stephanVs stephanI CIngat In jeDe CapVt. J
It is thus in the original, and it makes 1691, possibly wrong.
* This couplet makes 1691 ; it was probably intended to make the same date as its
companion. There are many printer's errors in the original, some of which baffle all
attempts to set them right.
* This couplet makes 1586. Another C in zeChLe would rectify it.
4 This couplet makes 1683. It must be wrong.
9 The date resulting from this couplet is a certain year of the era from the creation of
the world, according to one of the numerous systems of chronology, but not that usually
adopted of 4004 B.C.
|= 1687
}= SS35
}= 1687
be to
}= 1687
15*
A. B. C.
Budae reperta 400 tormenta {i.e. 400 cannons),
qVaDrIngenta tIbI torMenta erepta qVerarIs?
pLVra tIbI tortor sVb styge pLVto feret. (sic.)
Ex his maxima dicuntur iv. Evangelistic,
bVDa eVangeLIIs renoVabIs VosqVe qVaternIs
prasIgnante Deo te LeopoLDVs habet. (sic.)
Cadavera turcarum injiciuntur in Danubium,
oCCIsI BVDiE tVrGe IaCtantVr In Istro
sVLtanI Vt Capt/e nVnCIa natanDo ferant.
Injiciuntur.
PROSTRATOS BVDiE TlNGENDo HEBRjEVs In ISTRO
BAPTlZAT TVRCAS QViERlTVR AN VaLIDe?
esto aqVa baptIzans IntentI Verba VaLerent
baptIsMa esse nego CVr? qVIa VIta Deest.
Pontifici mittitur Comes Thuni. e. facere,
hoC erat In VotIs bVDa Vt CaptetVr; at eCCe
LiETloR In faCtIs bVDa reCepta fVIt.
hInC thVn pontIfICI feLICIa nVnCIa reDDIt
ne qVIs fICta pVtet faCta fVIsse probat.
Votum pro Augusto Caesare Leopoldo,
appreCor hoC faCtVM regaLIs Vt aLba seqVatVr.
sVbsIt et aVstrIaCIs thraCIa pLena thronIs.
Pro archiduce Josepho,
nVnC stephanI gLaDIVs, tIbI bVDa et sCeptra parantVr.
nVnC stephanI ornabIt saCra Corona CapVt.
Pro Carolo per anagr. sol arcu,
CaroLe VIVe tIbI tVa gLorIa CresCat et oLIM
soL arCV LVnjE regna sVperba ferI.
Ad Budam,
DeJICe stVLtIfIGe pIa bVDa opprobrIa LVna
erIge saLVIfIC* sIgna beata CrVCIs.
eXaLtata tVas CrVCIs oRnet gLorIa tVrres
pr«CIpItata per hanC thraCIa LVna MIgret.
sIgna CrVCIs nVnC ferre bonje sIt Vrba reCVsas (sic)
ergo MaLa poterIs probra sVbIre CrVCIs.
Applausus,
JVbILa saCra parIt post tetrICa nVbILa phcebVs )
gaVDIa post pLanCtVs bVDa reCepta Creat. j =
Here end the epigrams about the fortune of war at Buda. The
original is very badly and carelessly printed ; I have corrected several
manifest errors. Several more remain, for which the anonymous
author of the book is responsible. I cannot venture to correct
them.
= 1631
= 1690
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
= 1686
A. B. a 157
At page 195. When Sweden, having held possession of the part
of Prague called the Kleinseite, were defeated there, the Jesuits of
the place made this chronogram to mark the date —
VTCIt anaXagoras (JWrngSmarcf) proh DVX trVX MoenIa
PRAGUE. = 1648
In the year 1540 there was a great drought, and all lakes and
ponds were much reduced or dried up; thereupon this verse was
made —
eXCICCata LeVIs CVr fLVMIna CerVe reqVIrIs? = 1540
The year in which the town of Zittau was entirely burnt is thus
marked, InCenDIVM zIttm. = 1608
The year of the ' Spanish obedience' in the Netherlands is found
in these words —
saVLe qVID Me perseqVerIs? = 1567
See Chronograms, page 534, and Acts ix. 4.
At page 27, part 2 of the book now under our notice, it is
remarked that some persons have, by means of sundry letters of the
alphabet, assumed the power to prophesy when the Day of Judgment
would happen. The following is an example —
Wenn man wird schrieben diese Summ,
VenI VeLoX JUDICIUM, = 1684
aLsDenn Des Wahren Vaters sohn
aVszIehen WIrD In seIner Cron.
1 = 1684
At page 71 of part 2 commences an alliterative 'oration/ extend-
ing over seventeen pages, every word commencing with the letter P,
and entitled papa pariens ! Anno m.dc.xc. At page 76 this
passage occurs, ' paVLVs pontIfeX porCos proCreat papIstICos
popVLos prIMates pLebeIosqVe pLane perVertentes. = 1540
perinde : Putrida, proh, pomus producit putrida poma ! Propterea
princeps Palatinus prorsus piissimus praedictos progrunnientes porcos
papales,' etc. etc. The context refers to the Pope having elevated
low and improper persons to high dignities. This rather applies to
Paul iv., who reigned from 1555 to 1559. The date above men-
tioned, 1690, may be the year in which the scurrilous composition
was written. The chronogram date, 1540, comes within the reign of
Paul hi., 1534-1549, and the satire may have been intended for
him.
At page 264, amongst other anagrams, there is this one on the
Emperor Leopold, with verses and chronograms, as follows —
Leopoldus primus imperator semper augustus.
Anagram.
Sol es ! Pater gaudiorum plurium ! spes posterum !
Sol es leopoldus clarus,
Et spes alma posterum !
\
153 A. B. C.
Pater Leopolde, chains,
Gaudiorum plurium 1
Vive ! vive ! Triumphator !
Vive Libertalis Stator.
Pater pacis optimus,
Atque terror hostibus.
JosephVs LeopoLD. J. f. reX hVngarIae eLIgItVr reX
roManor. = 1690
Anagram-chronogram.
ah popVLo LVX, et o LeX gregI fIDo J aMor serenVs
rhenI rarI ! = 1690
At page 276 of part 2 these miscellaneous chronograms are
recorded —
'Von dem Brande zu Greiffenberg, aM pfIngstDIenstage
brandte1 greIffenberCk as.' = 1603
'Und von dem Brande zu Glogau, MeLzer zVnDet gLogaV an.= 1610
The year i6ti is also marked by these words—
non ConfVnDar In aternVM. = 161 1
sIC abeVnDVM. = 161 1
DoMInVs VoCat. = 161 1
The year 1643 *s marked by this, Mars angLICanVs VIDIt
VICIt VInXIt hIspanos. Thus it is in the original, but evidently
wrong; the chronogram makes 1788. The book now being quoted
was published in 1703. Perhaps the intended date was 1588, and the
event the destruction of the Spanish Armada in that year.
And these give the dates of various persons and circum-
stances—
rVDoLphVs, reX roManVs. = 1575
rVDoLphVs, IMperator aVgVstVs. = 1576
MatthIas InDVperator CoronatVs. = 161 2
noVa aCaDeMIa gIessena. [See Chronograms, p. 314.] = 1607
DanCkeLMann 1st Loss. = 1701
DanCkeLMann bLeIbt gefangen. = 1701
Some one having bought a bottle, or some such vessel, com-
memorated it by this inscription. He might have found something
more appropriate —
VIVIte feLICes DoMInI faVtores. = 1670
The disastrous inundations which happened in Europe in 1670
were marked by these chronograms. The first is taken from Psalm
lxxxvL 10—
tV es DeVs qVI faCIs MIrabILIa. = 1670
terrIbILIter MVnDVs hoC anno natabat In aqVIs. = 1670
1 This chronogram is faulty, because the letter D in this word is not counted.
A. B. C.
iS9
terrIbILIs erat hoC anno aqVarVM InVnDatIo. =
InsIgnIter MVnDVs hoC anno Laborat In aqVIs. =
At page 278 some further chronograms are given. The first
relates to the taking of Munster in Westphalia by the French, and
the second to the same event; the two dates, however, do not
correspond, and no explanation is given. Eboanus Hessus is said to
be the author —
VIVe MonasterIo Capta franCIsCe tVLIstI )
frIVoLa pannIfICI sVb jVga regIa opes. j ""
regIs CarnIfICIs, VatIs, sartorIs In Vno )
CIVe MonasterII VVestphaLa faCta Leges. J
The next refers to the peasant war in Germany, the most pro-
minent one of the period was in 1524. This chronogram makes
1625 ; and there is nothing in itself to point to any particular event
of war, but it probably gives the date of one of the wars which are so
designated in the histories of Germany —
et CIVes Ipsos ConfVnDere tentat et arCes ) __
rVstICa Vesana ConDItIonk Cohors. j ~~
On the Landgravine Sophia of Hesse. Surely there must be some-
thing wrong in this chronogram, which makes only 1248 —
hassLe opes sophIe patrIasqVe eXposCIt habenas,
posCere opes patrIas IVsqVe pIVMqVe sInVnt.
On Henry in., King of France, who was assassinated on 28th
August 1589 (see Chronograms, p. 116) —
CVLter CLaVstraLIs regI eXItIt eXItIaLIs, ) __
VeXetVr qVIsqVIs MonarChIs erIte iEQVVs InIqVIs. j ~~
The next chronogram is accompanied by this observation, ' the
Bavarian war is thus noticed by Sleidan the historian.'
CaptVs erat gaLLVs: CoeVnt CVM rVre Cohortes. =
This is given, but without any particular application. See Chrono-
grams, p. 529. The words are adapted from Luke xxiv. 29 —
bLeIb beI Vns Denn es WIL abenD WerDen. =
The following is said to mark the date when Frederic v. met with
some losses in battle at Prague. The precise events, however, are
not explained, and the chronogram points to none —
tIbI CherVbIn et seraphIn InCessabILI VoCe pro-
CLaMant.
The same chronogram is given in Chronograms, pp. 196, 224.
Any event of the year 15 17 might be marked by it.
At p. 141 of part 2 there is the following specimen of acrostic
hexameter verse on the name iesus, in the style occasionally to be
met with in books from the German press. The two concluding
hexameter and pentameter Leonine verses have no apparent connec-
1670
1670
iS4o
iS35
1625
1589
1525
1578
= 1517
\
160 A. B. C.
tion with them. They are said to relate to Frederic i., King of
Denmark, whose name is made by the conspicuous capital letters —
Inter cuncta micans lgniti sidera coell
llfxpellit tenebras tL toto Phoebus ut orbli
Oic caecas renovat lcbUb caliginis umbra o
Vivicansque simul Vero prsecordia motuv
Jolera justitiae oese probat esse beati^D
It. FREmit in mundo DEprimit alta profundo
RIgidum flectit CUSpis mucroque plectit.
i. e. As Phoebus, shining among all the stars of heaven, drives away dark-
ness from the whole world, so does JESUS repair the blind shadows of
darkness, and vivifying, at the same time, the heart with a true impulse,
proves himself to be the Sun of Righteousness to the blessed.
Frederic goes about, he rages, he brings down to the deep the lofty
things that are in the world ; the spear bends the stubborn one, the point
punishes him. These translations are offered with some hesitation,
especially the latter one. The degree of clearness which should be
present in an ordinary Latin composition is here sacrificed to the
necessity of the acrostic, and obscurity is the consequence.
Among other curious conceits in the book, there are examples of
the number of changes to be made by a certain set of words (at p. 210),
such as ' Lex, Grex, Rex, Res, Spes, Jus, Thus, Sal, Sol,
{bona) Lux, Laus, || Mars, Sors, Fraus, Fex, Styx, Nox,
Crux, Pus (mala), Vis, Lis.9 These are said to produce
39,916,800 changes. These words read as two hexameter lines, by
dividing them where the bars are inserted. The first is a catalogue
of good things, the second of bad.
A similar treatment of the alphabet is seen in another curious little
jt\^ book (British Museum, press-mark 12315. a. 21). 'Gepfliickte
Fincken, oder Studenten-Confect, auffgetragen in zwoen trachten,
Jede von 100 Gerichten,' eta etc. 'Abcdefghiklmnopqr
s ss t u w x y z. Im Jahr —
bezahL DV MICh nVn Itzt fVr baar.' =1667
Published at Franckenau. 120.
A. B. C.
161
There are no more chronograms. But the book contains much
curious matter, and occasionally some quaint verses, such as at —
P. 89. Qui bona vina bibunt vates bona carmina scribunt
P. 128. Dura bibo ego vinum loquitur mea lingua Latinum
Dum stippo (bibo) bis vel ter, sum qualibet arte magister.
P. 166. Si quis dat mannos, non quaere in dentibus annos.
P. 196. Alphabetum muliebre, in quo raalae mulieres perstringuntur.
Avidum animal.
Bestiale barathrum.
Concupiscentia carnis.
Damnosum duellum.
^Estuans aestus.
Falsa fides.
Garrulum guttur.
Hevinniis annosa (sic).
Invidiosus ignis.
Calamitatum chaos.
Lepida lues.
Naufragii nutrix.
Opifex odii
Prima peccatrix.
Quietis quassatio.
Ruina regnorum.
Silva superbiae.
Truculenta tyrannis.
Vanitas vanitatum.
Xanthia Xerxis.
Ymago idolorum.
Zelus zelotypum.
Monstrosum mendacium.
Qui capit uxorem, capit absque quiete laborem,
Longum languorem, Lachrymas, cum lite dolorem.
The engraved frontispiece represents a lady and three men seated
at a feast The book is catalogued by all the letters of the alphabet
as they occur at the foot of the title-page. There is no author's name.
The subject is a collection of students' pseudo-philosophical talk,
enigmas, equivoques, and puzzles, at a supposed festive table, in a
mixture of the German and Latin languages.
EMPERORS OF GERMANY.
|Y former work contains a large amount of chrono-
grammatic ' applause ' offered to some of the German
Emperors, enough, I imagined, to exhaust that part of
my subject Further research, however, has brought to
my notice so much more, that I am induced to think
there is yet more in existence worth searching for. The discovery
of all that I have already put into print was gradual and unexpected,
and obtained from books, etc., more or less scarce or hidden away in
libraries. It is so also with all that will form the present chapter ;
and it is only with the aid of a friend who loves old books that I am
enabled to make known much of what follows concerning the
German emperors.
I commence, in order of date, with the Emperor Leopold I. It
is evident from the chronograms that he was married three times, a
fact that I could not fully confirm by reference either to the leading
biographical dictionaries, some historical works, or to encyclopaedia
articles. This caused me some trouble. At length I found, at p. 463
of that huge volume, Anderson's Royal Genealogies^ among the com-
plex pedigrees and tables of genealogy, the following particulars,
which will be found useful to elucidate the chronograms : —
Leopold Ignacius, emperor, was born in 1640, elected emperor in
1658, died in 1705.
He married, first, Margaret Theresia, the Infanta of Spain, on
1 2th December 1666. She died on 12th March 1673, aged twenty-
two years.
LEOPOLD L EMPEROR. 163
He married, secondly, his cousin, Claudia Felicitas, on 15th
October 1673. She died on 8th April 1676, aged twenty-three years.
He married, thirdly, Eleanora Madelene Theresia, on 14th
December 1676. She died 19th January 1720, aged sixty-five years.
A volume which I met with in the town library of Frankfurt-on-
/\ Main (press-mark e. 199. — 40), lettered on the back 'J. A.
Pastorii Lauras Actorum publicorum/ is a collection of political
tracts on events in the east of Germany and Hungary in the seven-
teenth century. The only chronograms therein relate to the emperor
Leopold 1. and his election in 1658. They are contained in —
Tract No. 27, by Petrus k Streithagen, entitled, ' Electio Leopoldi
Austriaci,' etc. On the back of the title-page is this ' chronodistichon '
of the year of his election as emperor —
O BONA FATA ORBlS ! LATlAS LEOPOLDVs HABENAS ) _ , «
obtInet, et spreto prospera Marte parat. ] l *
Tract No. 30 (without author's name or imprint) contains these
chronograms, which are followed by a set of epigrams founded thereon.
The first set of chronograms forms the title of the tract.
DeLICIVM orbIs : = 1658
hoc est
soL IMperII Leo- ) ,. «
-poLDVs, f= l6*8
DeI gratIA eLeCtVs IMperator : =1658
freMente LICet InVIDo, = 1658
et invito
pseVDopoLItICIsMo, = 1658
Cesar Ver£ aDMIrabILIs : =1658
et
Vera IDea CaroLI MagnI : =3 1658
GbsarI, et oCto CjesarIs eLeCtorIbVs } This chronogram is sic
ConseCratVM. >in original. It makes
m.dc.lviii. J 1663, a manifest error.
On page 3. Epigramma in primum chronologicum —
DeLICIVM orbIs.1 a 1658
This phrase is combined several times with the words of the
epigram which follows it
On page 4. The second epigram has this title —
soL IMperII LeopoLDVs. = 1658
This phrase is in like manner combined with the epigram.
On page 5. The third epigram has this title and combinations —
DeI gratIa eLeCtVs IMperator. = 1658
1 Observe that this and the six following chronograms are the same as those which
compose the title-page to the tract The last one is not the same as the last one on that
page.
164
LEOPOLD I. EMPEROR.
On page 6. The fourth epigram has this title, etc —
freMbnte LICfeT InVIDo. = 1658
On page 6. The fifth epigram has this title, etc —
pseVDopoLItICIsMo. = 1658
On page 7. The sixth epigram has this title, etc —
Casar VERk aDMIrabILIs. = 1658
On page 8. The seventh epigram has this title, etc. —
Vera IDea CaroLI MagnI. = 1658
On page 8, and last, the tract concludes thus —
* Vaticinium chronologicum ' (on Psalm lxxi. 7, Vulgate Version.)
orIetVr In DIebVs hVTVs DIVI aVgVstI nostrI, ) 6 g
IVstItIa et abVnDantIa paCIs. J 5
The words of the Vulgate Version are, ' Orietur in diebus ejus
justitia et abundantia pacts donee auferatur luna.' The English Bible
version, lxxiL 7, is, l In his days shall the righteous flourish ; and abund-
ance of peace so long as the moon endureth.'
I obtained, in Germany, a broadsheet applauding the marriage of
the emperor Leopold 1. and Margaret of Spain in 1666. The
size, including the ornamental border, is 20 inches by 15 J. It is pro-
bably very rare. I therefore present the reader with the accompany-
ing facsimile (on a reduced scale), only a slight notice of the contents
is consequently needed. The emblematical engraving contains
several complimentary inscriptions, alluding to the defeat of the
Turks before Vienna and in Hungary. Two of them are chrono-
grams. There is also a chronogram in the printed heading, and one
at the foot, which is also a trifling anagram, hardly more than a trans-
position of words. They are as follows : —
anno DoMInI saLVatorIs IesV ChrIstI.
i.e. The festivities carried on at Vienna on December, in the year
of our Lord and Saviour fesus Christ. Observe that the day of the
month is omitted. The sheet must have been issued in anticipation
of the event, or my copy is, perhaps, an * early proof.'
saLVe aVstrIaCa DoMVs. =
Io aVe jEthbrIs fILIa DoMVs hIspanICa. =
i.e. Hail I O house of Austria.— Welcome I O Spanish daughter of the
heaven-descended house.
LeopoLDo LVX MargarIta = 1666
MARGARlTiE LVX LeOPOLDe. ss 1666
i.e. O Pearl (Margaret), a light to Leopold.
O Leopold, the light of the Pearl (Margaret).
= 1666
1666
1666
A boor (British Museum, press-mark 1315. k.), folio, has this title,
' Fiirsten-Spiegel, oder Monarchia dess hochloblichen Ertz-
hauses Oesterreich.' By Johann Jacob von Weingarten. Prague,
1673. The narrative is in German, an historical compendium of the
Epithalamif(§C# Emblema,
{£<ikii s§tor&>ftrt>t($ gogbcgiflcftm
( SfrBdlttli £U ^imit ill ©rfterrritfi Nn Decemhris anno DoM Inl saLVatorls Icf V ChrlftI )
b£q3frraiumfrJiiJjfl ftiMlflm Arm componiri mP iius Jtijf fftr a<*r«t<
* Of 0 0 O OOP 000 OOOOOQOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO'OOQQOOOOOQOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOO ,
r>oOOaOOOG000C0O00O0GO00OGO*5OOOOO0O0O000G00O00O0OOOOO0GOO0OOG
•tfffain* hcfe* aiffiin)«c*i4f t.
] tfrtrttii jylffrii.rf KUi^Lcf Ju^-rdn;
In ]m "!*■ nittJM,1 (iir ^rnWfn .irrtifru:
Mtfammi If tiri .^TfirD:Rf«l*rt
Anagramwa
Ofcr jwrfiifrr tf JtiRnifftTtaiKitalinQ hjttr
> IJirJifiii* »« iMNW™ i
LcopoLPo 1AX Ma^irlu
fi ■ * 0* f 3* btf&mf I $f ^utflcr cue v^rrrrt.
£-S Offtfircic&tprHfufc rim; wittr rrqiwffw
£3 Pnton *vii ?l*irot*r m* ffriifr km ftp An;
fcj Lfi^fnnn^ralftibrtnjjlJjjftEWT&Biinf;
!("'■.■ DanrrrdtiififrtWrinpfrEriii rrrhtfiPni/
£■* Vpn ff (nr he hoi '3>mfr .mfl 6 p Jiufcfrn Eanbrtt ;
^3 So tt(T ju^ fafci ■' rttf iHd>r uiNr^lrn^n /
^ £5 A A in )nMOi Cciim Btff JtVfinT ^
O R Jimr"* Stat fcah fir *<£ p*r1rro jui» bffttn,
L- 2 ( in J P tflft* fillip J^'fl ■ i*nP I'nw irfwfcflrr in jflftjl /
f " > i VirfilJ rfrf »n /i iimnrl/ Pffl w 4fdii P r^Ffrn :
g-'.f; RrflffTcttf'nn Ajpfr hin {k rftbrrH1 JOfli/
t j [^ Pim* Fulfill <« Tbrt« #efaflni 5
^:^
LEOPOLD L EMPEROR. 165
acts, etc., of the German emperors, kings of Bohemia, and other
potentates of the house of Austria. It is dedicated to the emperor
Leopold 1.
At page 31, the assassination of Wenceslaus in., king of Bohemia,
is narrated. His conduct had caused him to be hated by his subjects.
He was assassinated at Libyssa (Ghebseh) by Conrad de Possenstein
in 1306, and died without posterity, the last direct male descendant
of the dynasty of Prsemyslus. The date is thus given —
eheV! non sICCo sICarII ferro In VenCesLao III. )
LIbVssjeL e rVstICo posterL Inter qVos prInCIpes XXIIII. > = 1306
reges VH,Interreges XIII.erant. IIII. aVgVstI DesIerVnt. J
. At page 57 the 'blind Wenceslaus' is mentioned as having
founded a church, and various dates are given by the following
chronograms, which are not otherwise explained. They are possibly
the dates of events connected with the church, such as falling down,
destruction twice by fire, and its subsequent restorations —
VenCesLaVs fVnDat LatIo hmC saCrarIa VIto J ~
qVjr preCe, sanCte, pIa LjetVs WoLfgange DICastI1 = 11 28
spItIneVs profert LapsI poMerIa fanI = 1060
hoste fVrente VoraX qVm CVM VastaVerat IgnIs. = 1042
CceCVs Ioannes opVs hoC eXtrVXIt et IpsVM. = 1343
CaroLVs eXCoLVIt VarIo reX MVnere et aVro = 1347
haC VIoLat postqVaM WLCanVs CVnCta seVerVs, = 1541
Lasa reforM atVr fernanDo tenente. = 1555
At page 443, the death of Ferdinand in., as king of Bohemia,
Duke of Austria, and Emperor of Germany, is thus dated (Bohemia
having become united to Austria under this sovereign) —
ferDInanDVs III. APRIL. II. \
posItIs trIbVs CoronIs, et sCeptro totVpLICI,
non IngLorIVs,
qVIa
pIetate et IVstItIA,
CceLos IntraVIt.
i.e. Ferdinand the Third, on the second day of April, three crowns having
been put on him, and the like number of sceptres, gloriously, because by
his piety and justice, entered the heavens.
A complimentary inscription to his successor Leopold 1. con-
cludes thus —
Occidit quidem, sed oritur iterum
In LeopoLDo prIMo refVLgens = 1657
orbis universi
DeLICIVM. = 1657
He died indeed, but rises again in Leopold the First, the shining light of
the universal globe.
1 By counting again the words CceCVs which precedes the first line.
1657
166 LEOPOLD I. EMPEROR.
The second part of the volume has this title and dedication —
' Monarchic Austriacse pars altera,'
TER AVGVSTiE
CLaVDLb feLICItatI
LeopoLDI feLICIanI }*= 1673
SPONS-fi
saCra.
aVe CLaVDIa IMperatrIX = 1673
Archidux Austriae (etc.)
Augustissimae domus Austriacas felicitas (etc.).
The dedication goes on to extol the empress, Claudia Felicitas
(the second wife of Leopold), through two handsomely printed pages,
declaring that she possessed every known virtue, for which a long list
of historical personages there mentioned were individually remark-
able. The volume concludes with this greeting to the emperor — *
VIVat gLorIosVs LeopoLDVs IMperator. = 1673
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
A rare tract, published at Ghent in 1685, belonging to the Rev.
Walter Begley, consists of only four pages 40, and relates to the
emperor Leopold 1., and the successful war which he carried on against
the Turks in eastern Europe. The title commences thus, ' Observa-
tions Anagrammaticse et chronica circa felices progressus Belli
Austriaci ad versus Turcam anno 1685 Sacra Cassareae Majestati
oblatae.' The author's name is Gulielmus vanden Eede, of the Society
of Jesuits at Brussels, a celebrated writer of anagrams.
The leading feature is a chronogram relating to the reverses sus-
tained by the Turks at the rivers Danube and Drave, in Hungary.
The chronogram consists of 33 letters, and is the ' program ' on which
eleven other chronograms are formed, by using all the same 33 letters,
or, in other words, eleven anagrams are formed on one and the same
' program.1 It must be a task of considerable difficulty thus to use in
each sentence only the same letters, and to produce by that means so
many sentences strictly applicable to the same subject. The numeral
letters are the same in all, and, of course, they make the same date.
The sentences are, however, somewhat crabbed to translate. To this
combination the term ' chron-anagram ' is given. They are as
follows —
Programma Chronicum, in quo
it Christianus loquitur : Turca respondet : Ji
// I tUrCa, IstrUM ebIbe ;— sat VaLIDI: eXhaUsL = 1685 //
i.e. The Christian speaks : Go, thou The Turk answers: Enough/
Turk, and drink the Danube. I have throughly drunk of it
On this ' program ' the eleven chron-anagrams are composed.
LEOPOLD L EMPEROR. 167
aUt, si sItI CaLes : bIbe et eXhaUrI DraVUM. = 1685
i.e. Dost thou burn with thirst ? drink up the river Drave.
The foregoing chronograms relate to the losses sustained by the
Turks by drowning in these rivers. The next is said to relate to the
flight of the Turkish general ( Serasquierus ' at the town and lake of
1 Essexius,' where the losses were ' innumerable ' —
VIDI, et esseXII LaCUs tUrbaM haUrIebat. = 1685
From this is formed the next, which relates to the flight of Ibrahim
Pasha and the Turkish army —
IbrahIM bassa DeIeCtUs VIVIt; re eXULat. = 1685
From this is formed the next, relating to the embassy of ' Ahmet
Sclebi,' with a letter to the Emperor proposing peace, which was
rejected —
ahMet sCLebI DUX VIsA re, abIIt aUrIatUs. s= 1685
From this is formed the next, which foreshadows the fate of
Ibrahim Pasha —
hAC eXaLtatUs restI UbI Vis, breVIa DIeM. = 1685
From this is formed the next, which alludes to an Austrian pro-
verb, that Providence affords help to the Emperor and his armies
when in great need of it —
est re aUstrIaCUs; habebIt aUXILIUM DeI. = 1685
From the preceding chron-anagram one is formed in which the
Emperor speaks to Hungary, referring to a Papal Bull of Innocent xi.,
about the holy name of the Virgin Mary —
sUbsIDIa tUa JesU Mater CLar*; eXhIbUIt. =1685
From this again is formed another, in which the Emperor, in imita-
tion of St Stephen, king of Hungary,1 in gratitude for assistance from
the Virgin, confirms the dedication to her of his inheritance —
sIC te (UbI eX UsU) saLVabIt haereDItateM. = 1684
From this is formed the next, in which Pope Innocent xi. ex-
presses his mind in the words of Psalm xcvii 1, Vulgate Version —
saLVaVIt sIbI DeXtera eIUs, et braChIUM. = 1685
From this is formed the next, alluding to certain conjectures about
* the great Lord of the Ottoman Porte,' the affairs of Turkey, and to
Balaam in the Bible narrative —
hIC VIr a se, et a sUbDItIs MaL& VeXabItUr. = 1685
From this is formed the final chron-anagram, a conjecture about
the fate of the supreme Lord of the Turks, and of his armies —
ab His aCIe, arMIs, VItA eXUtUs DeLebItUr. = 1685
The author adds thereto this pious remark, ( Utinam potius con-
vertatur et vivat ' ue. I wish rather that he may be converted and live.
This singular tract concludes appealing to the reader's patience,
and giving the name of the author, etc ' Ad benevolum lectorem, —
Patienter concinnata patienter lege, — Quae Amicorum postulatu, supe-
1 Saint Stephen, Duke of Hungary, in the year 1000, established the Roman Catholic
religion, and received from the Pope the title of Apostolic King, still borne by the Emperor
of Austria as King of Hungary.
168 LEOPOLD L EMPEROR.
riorum permissu, in lucem dabat P. Guil. vanden Eede, Brux. Soc.
Iesu. Sac Prostant Gandavi, Typis Henrici Sactrcuwer, via vulgb
(Brabant-straet) dicti suo signa Albae Columbae, 1685.'
A thin folio volume, printed at Augsburg (British Museum, press-
mark 564. g. 24.), bears this title —
TRIUMPHUS NOVEM S&CULORUM
Imperii Romano-Germanici,
Carolo Magno, augustissimo Romanorum Imperatori, etc
By Antonius Bomer, of the Society of Jesus. No date on title-page.
There are ten large and exceedingly fine engravings, representing
triumphal structures, adorned with a profusion of emblematical
statuary and ornaments with inscriptions, in honour of religion and
various of the (German) Roman emperors, accompanied by eulogiums
in Latin, from Charlemagne down to Charles vi., at the date 1725.
The work was composed to do special honour to the last-named
emperor. The engravings are by John Andrew Pfeffel, an artist of
celebrity at Vienna, and are worthy in every respect of being repro-
duced in facsimile. They do not, however, contain any chronograms.
Leopold 1. (the father of Charles vi.) is the only one of the
emperors who is eulogised in chronograms. The composition is as
follows : —
LEOPOLDO MAGNO,
Imperatori jubikeo, victorioso, pacifico,
virtutum et sceculorum compendio
Dithyrambus sacularis.
aCCeDat aMcena = 1700
CantanDo CaMcena; = 1700
L/ETA CLangat granDe noMen, ss 1700
paCe Constans proDat oMen. = 1700
Canora faMa sCanDat, = 1700
proMpta DoCto neCtare; = 1700
aC Magna faCta panDat = 1700
De MonarCha Gesare. = 1700
hoC MoDerante sCeptra, = 1700
teMpora Cessant pLena DoLore; = 1700
teMpora fLorent pLena DeCore. = 1700
neMpe CceLo Dante teLa = 1700
aD reCepta Marte beLLa, = 1700
peCtore I^agno DeCertare, = 1700
aC othoManos DebeLLare, = 1700
GaDere thraCeM, = 1700
ConDere paCeM =s 1700
DECEBAT CiESAREM. = 1700
JOSEPH I. EMPEROR. 169
MonarCha LeopoLDe, = 1700
soL Mente, Leo CorDe! = 1700
saCra DoCente norMA == 1700
Deo Cohortes CoMparas; = 1700
beLLans DeCente forMA = 1700
sCythas rapaCes eDoMas. = 1700
CjESAr Magne, Deo Chare; = 1700
il*Mo Lege Data CLare; = 1700
LiETA Mente CeLebranDe, = 1700
seMper paCe CoronanDe! = 1700
sCeptra pr^nDe MeLLea, = 1700
beLLa DeMe feLLea, = 1700
paCata ConDe teMpora. = 1700
► ^> <*> <*> <*> <*> ^> <*> <*> <*> <*> <*> <*> ^> <^> ^> <*> <*> *
JOSEPH L EMPEROR.
THE Emperor Joseph 1., son of the Emperor Leopold 1., came
to the imperial throne of Germany in 1705, after the death of
his tather. He had a fair share of chronogrammatic addresses in his
time.1 To him was given the title of King of the Romans and of
Hungary before he became Emperor, and as such he is addressed in an
elaborate Latin poem in chronogram by the doctors and poets of the
University of Gratz, in a rare tract belonging to the Rev. Walter
Begley, bearing this title,— < HERCULES AUSTRIACUS, sive
Josephus 1. augustus Romanorum et Ungariae rex versu chronostico
adumbratus, et honbri illustrissimorum, perillustrium, reverendorum,
religiosorum, praenobilium, nobilium, ac eruditorum Dominorum
Dominorum neo-baccalaureorum cum in Alma, ac Celeberrimd.
Universitate Graecensi prima philosophise laurea condecorentur.
Promotore, R. R Francisco Hochenburger, e Soc Jesu, AA. LL. et
Philosophise Doctore, ejusdemque professore ordinario.
Oblatus
a
poesI aCaDeMICa.' m = 1702
The tract consists of thirty-four leaves (sixty-eight pages), without
pagination or date in figures; small 40. There is an engraved
emblematical frontispiece, wherein is a bust of Joseph surrounded
by figures representing war, justice, peace, the arts, etc., with this
dedicatory inscription on the pedestal, 'Josepho 1. Romanorum et
Ungariae regi augusto Herculi austriaco,' manifesting his present, and
foreshadowing (adumbrans) his future greatness. Then follows an
address to the ' Neo-baccalaurei ' of the university, signed, * Honoris
Vestri, Studiosissimi Poetse aCaDeMICI.' = 1702
1 See Chronograms, index, * Joseph i.' for references, also to pages 389, 402.
Y
170
JOSEPH L EMPEROR.
and then a dedication ( Potentissimo principi Josepho 1.,' etc., and
signed ' Musae graCensIs aCaDeMLe.' =
After this the main subject follows, consisting of ten poems in
hexameter and pentameter verse, each with a full-page engraved
emblem pointing to the important events in his career from his
infancy ill 1678 to his marriage with Wilhelmina Amalia of Hanover
in 1699. The poems consist of 950 lines, or from 90 to 100 lines in
each poem, repeating the date 1702 in 475 distinct chronograms.
This indeed is a remarkable work and well done, the labour of men
to whom the use of the Latin language was familiar. Allusions to th%
successful wars carried on by Joseph and his father in Hungary, run
through all the poems, while the language of court flattery, so
common at the period, is not so overstrained as is usual in com-
plimentary addresses to imperial personages. It will suffice, as an
example of the whole, to give the first poem in full, consisting of
thirty-five chronograms, leaving 440 more, still unexhausted by this
extract
The first emblem, inscribed, ' Felicia Augusti Incunabula,' repre-
sents the infant in his cradle, emblems, etc., and this extract from
Claudian —
Herculeae quamvis jactent sua Numina Thebae
At Thebis melior, Dircseis clarior oris,
Quae dedit hoc Numen regio.
Followed on the next sheet by —
Emblema I. Nativitas Herculis.
Felices Thebae! quae cunae factae sunt Herculis, magno Jove
progeniti. Felicior Vienna, in qui orbi datus tot annorum votura
Josephus Primus Magni Germanise Jovis Leopoldi raagnus Alius.
LaVs astrIs! DIVIna IoVIs genItorIs IMago
natVs es aVstrIaCI VItaqVe spesqVe thronI.
aVDIo: IaM totVs strepItat tIbI pLaVsIbVs orbIs
Ipsa reVIVIsCens Insonat aVra tVbIs.
seV LVstro oCCIDVI nIgrefaCta CVbILIa phcebI,
Ccena VbI Defessos parVULa serVat eqVos.
seV, qVas aVratA ConIVnX tIthonIa bIgA,
prIMa et DepIngIt pVrpVra, Verso pLagas;
nIL nIsI terfaVstos pLaVsVs, aC sVbDIta sCeptra
aDVoLVI CVnIs Cerno pVeLLe tVIs.
VnDIqVe neCtareos LjEta aVstrIa fVnDIt oDores,
gratIaqVe eX sVperIs terna propInqVat agrIs;
pVrpVreosqVe thorI bLanDIta Cater Va nItores
eXtrVIt, aVgVstIs basIa Dan Do genIs;
et parVIs IWenes Irrorant IMbrIbVs artVs,
artVs, qVos nItIDA Veste CoLorat ebVr.
Mars qVoqVe terrIfICA proIeCtA eX VertICe CrIstA
te pronVs fLeXo popLIte pVppe CoLIt;
sertaqVe sangVIneIs qVje fert IratVs ab orIs,
sVspenDI CVnIs VVLt anatheMa tVIs:
1702
-
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
}"
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
}-
1702
JOSEPH I. EMPEROR.
171
IaMqVe noVos Ignes fIbrIs, noVa prjeLIa sentIt,
sInt qVIbVs aVstrIaCI IVra tVenDa thronI.
en VenIt et nIVea paX aVrea VeCta qVaDrIgA
et faCILI aD CVnas poLLICe faLLIt ebVr.
Vt, sIVe hostILes Contra LVCtaberIs aVsVs,
seV tVLerIt pLaCIDos aLCIon aXe DIes,
eX paCe eX beLLo VICtor, nVnC pLeCtere tVrCas,
nVnC nosCas beLLo VInCere CorDa tVo.
hInC LVCIna VbI te L/etIs eXCepIt In VLnIs,
et fIXIt roseIs osCVLa prIMa LabrIs,
thraCICa VULgabant frIXIsse InCenDIa LVNiE,
InVIDaqVe aVstrIaCIs LILIa fL£sse rosIs.
Contra aqVIL* LiETiE VoLItant; Ita VoCe Canentes:
hostIbVs hIC paVor est, CIVIbVs VnVs aMor.
HiECCE tVens paLLas, repLICans tIbI teMpora LaVrIs;
eX VtroqVe InqVIt parVULe CiESAR erIs.
IngenII gLaDIIqVe aCIe, neC DIspare CVrsV,
fILIVs eXCeLsI faCta seqVere IoVIs.
pVsIo qVantVs erIs ! sIgnIsqVe, IpsIqVe DIeI,
qVo feLIX orbI nasCerIs, oMen Inest.
DVM CanIs iESTlVAs ferVentIor Vsserat aVras,
pVsIo te nobIs faVsta VIenna tVLIt :
sCILICet IgnItVs DVpLICatIs CInthIVs astrIs
L^tIor aD CVnas faX fVIt Ipse tVas.
teqVe VIDens pLaCIDA sIbI ConCertare faVILLA
aLter Vt eXorItVr soL ! stVpefaCtVs aIt.
sCILICet jetherIIs VeLVt arDeo CInthIVs aVrIs,
LVCebIs patrIIs reX aLIqVanDo pLagIs.
saCra VeL Ipsa ANNiE1 LVX CLaros DVpLICat ortVs
Vt DIsCant popVLI, .gratIa qVanta tIbI.
Vt taMen eXpaVeat fVror hostIs VInDICIs Iras,
torVa heV! progenIto sIgna fV£re Leo.2
VIVIto faVste pVer I treMor hostI, gratIa nobIs !
aLLVDVnt sortI sIgnaqVe soLqVe tVa.
seD CVr sIgna LoqVor, qVeIs natVs parVe VIgebas !
Vno IosephI noMIne faVstVs erIs.
fILIVs es CresCens,8 paVCIs si VIXerIs annIs,
propItIo eXCresCent nVMIne sCeptra tIbI.
Ioseph es prIMVs, VIrtVte fVtVre seCVnDVs,
proLIbVs at serVs nestorIs Instar erIs.
qVIn LstIs ConCors perCeptVs VoCIbVs orbIs;
prIMVs aIt beLLo paCeqVe VIVe pVer !
aVstrIa tV Magno genItrIX eLeCta pVeLLo,
VnICa QViE LargI CVra CVpIta poLI,
aVstrIa nVnC VIVas, et LiETAs toLLIto VoCes,
Cantet DVLCIsonIs sVaVIs aLaVDa notIs:
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
= 1702
1 Anna idem ac Gratia.
1 Natus in signo Leonis.
8 Josephus, id est, crescens.
1 72 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
ITE THEBiE VETERES ! EXORTVS In VRBE VIENNA )
IVstIor aLCIDes qVanDo IosephVs aDest. J '
aLMa VIenna CapVt per beLLas eVehe steLLas, I
herCVLIs aVstrIaCI baIVLa VIVe noVI. J "" 17°z
The tract concludes with four pages of the names of members of
the university who join in the congratulations offered to him. There
is no date in figures anywhere in the tract. There are 440 more
chronograms in the tract.
THE CORONATION, Etc., OF THE EMPEROR
CIJARLES THE SIXTH
THE book now to be noticed, if regarded as a volume, is probably
unique, being a collection of seventeen tracts printed at different
places and independently published, each tract complete in itself, and
with its own distinct features of interest, on one and the same subject.
An old manuscript note, written ou the fly-leaf of the book, thus
points to its contents, ' A collection of various pieces on occasion of
the election and coronation of the Emperor Charles vi.,' etc. The
contents bear some resemblance to those described in my book
Chronograms, pp. 473, 497, 503, concerning certain bishops in
Franconia. Much has been done in chronogram to exalt the
Emperor (as may be seen in Chronograms, index, p. 560), while the
book from which the following extracts are made adds much more to
his recorded fame. The whole volume comprises still more curious
matter that is not suitable to our present purpose ; it may be seen in
the British Museum Library (press-mark 9315. f. 1-7. folio). We
now proceed to the chronograms.
1 ract No. 4 consists of twenty-two pages in German. The title-
page is as follows: — 'Getreuer Reichs-Burger getreuer Hertzens-
Wunsch zu Gott fur das neuerwelchlte Ober-Haupt der Christenheit,
aus dem xxi. Psalm v. 2-8, als der . . . Her Carolus m. Konig in
Spanien und Indien . . . zu einer Romischer Konig und Kayser
dessen Nahmen der vi erhoben und erwahlet worden,' etc Regens-
purg, 1 71 2. The author's name is Erasmus Sigmund Alkofern, a
priest at Regensburg (Ratisbon). The name of that city is the con-
cluding word of the last chronogram in the tract. The purpose of
the work is to eulogise Charles vi. It has numerous Bible texts and
references, and chronograms which are mingled with and form part of
the paragraphs in which they occur. The first chronogram is on page 2,
CarL Der DrItte aLs konIg zV hIspanIen InDIen, etc = 171 1
There is also this anagram on his name —
Carolus tertius. = Ut sol cams erit.
On the same page are these verses, beginning and ending with
evi, but not intended for a chronogram —
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR. 173
CVI dabis Imperii Electrix Germania pomum ?
Tangendo quaeris ? vaticinare : CVI ?
i.e. To whom, O Germania, Eleetress, wilt thou give the apple of the
empire ? By touching it dost thou seek to know ? Prophesy now : to
whom? Observe that the words printed in capital letters ask the
question and suggest the answer if they are read as CVI. = Charles
the Sixth. The ingenious author declares this to be a riddle by which
the future emperor is to be discovered. The apple (pomum) is the
emblem of the imperial power in Germany, equivalent to the * orb '
which is placed in the sovereign's hand at coronation ceremonies in
England. The- play on the word cvi occurs again at page 175, infra.
This chronogram presently follows —
Ihre kaIJserLIChe MaIestat, karL Der VI. =1711
And on page 5 this occurs —
CaroLVM eLegIt DeVs! = 1711
And this on page 6 —
gLVCk zV DeM konIg karL! = 1711
This sentence is at page 12 — Es wird schon heissen : si he
DeIn karL trAgt Ietzo DIe gVLDene keIJsers-Cron ! = 171 1
Eine gelehrte Feder hat zu-gleich auf die zukvinfftige Kayserliche
Cronung und den viellicht bald darauff erfolgenden Frieden dieses
gute Omen gestellet : a Deo Corona, a Corona paX prIMa. = 17 n
This follows at page 1 2 —
Deo gratIas, Longo In ItInere benIgn^ protegentI CaroLVM != 1 7 1 1
And this at page 22 —
CVM Gesare et grege erIt DeVs! = 171 1
The following was inscribed on an imaginary altar—
Deo . trI-VnI . sanCto .
pro
CaroLo . seXto . Caesare . aVstrIaCo
HlSPANL£ . REGE . TERTlO . ^= 171 1
aVgVsto . feLICI . atqVe . plo .
debltas . grates . habet .
sVppLeX . ratIspona .
Tract 6 of the same volume — 'CC.C.C.C.C. Lycophron Caro-
linus, hoc est : Lusus anagrammaticus, in honorem invictissimi poten-
tissimique Romanorum Imperatoris Caroli vi. etc. etc. Nuper electi
feliciter ac legitime propediem vero quam solennissime coronandi, sic
instructus ut Ex splendidissimo suae majestatis nomine, Viginti Sex
Anagrammata quae simul aetatis Caesareae numerum adaequant
Pronis Musis inventa tot Symbolis et Imaginibus illustrentur : ac inter
totius Germaniae plausus ac jubila, humillimsee gratulationis ergo,
demississime publicatus a M. Joh. Adam. Leonh. Reizio, Pastore
Civitatis Schwarzenbergicae Markbreit, ad Moenum, Anno mdccxi/
174 CHARLES VI EMPEROR.
The following is on the back of the title-page —
Ad Lectorem
Crede, Propheta fuit non rarus in arte Poeta,
Versibus et chronicis omen inesse solet
Sic ubi Josephus fatis concederet alraus,
Indicium praecox hoc mea Musa dabat :
oCCIDIt ergo tIbI phoebVs gerManIa! Ioseph ? = 1711
sIC saCrI tenebras IMperII VIDeo; = 171 1
soL taMen In CaroLo Vl.° (nIsI aberro,) reDIbIt, = 171 1
aC MVnDo Canones aVstrIa porro feret. as 17 1 1
En dictum factum ! Carolus nunc Sceptra capessit
Imperii. Felix, comprecor, esto diu !
Christiadumque piis votis tandem annuat aether :
eVropae paCeM Da bone ChrIste faVens! = 17 11
* * *
(Ioseph Vs Caesar anno aetatIs trIgesIMo tertIo DeCessIt. = 1711
vel:
IMperII DeCVs, ah! obIIt, proteCtor, Ioseph!) = 171 1
Josephus 1. Romanorum Imperator optimus.
(By the omission of the letter h, the following line is an anagram
of the foregoing one, and it contains as many letters as the number of
years the Emperor Joseph lived, viz., 33.)
Anagram.
Sum plus pater optimus orno [set/. Regnuiri\ jam emorior.
Vel in versu;
Sum pius, orno Pater [regnunt] optimus, emorior jam.
(The word ' regnum * in each of the foregoing lines, consisting of
six letters, gives that number as the years of his reign.)
On the next page are the thirty-six anagrams on the emperor's
name which are alluded to on the title-page, as follows —
CAROLVS VI.
per Metatarsum.
1.) Cui lauros ? 11.) Livor acus. m. Curiosula.
v.) Cur? vi? sola. v«)
vii.) Vi cor laus. nx.) Casu, livor. ix.) Salvi, euro.
iv.) Cur? vi? sola. v.) Arculus, Io. vi. Cui rosula?
x.) O clarus vi. xi.) Valor cusi. xn.) Oculus, ira.
xiii.) Curvola?is. xiv.) Sulca vivo. xv.) Soli, curva.
xvi.) Carl vivos. xvn.) Vir clause xnx.) Volascur? I.
xix.) Icarus luo. xx.) Clavis, ruo. xxi.) Alvus orci.
xxii.) Sol via cur? xxiii.) Coravulsi. xxiv.) Curo, aulis.
xxv.) Ori Calvus. xxvi. Colus auri.
anSocris Poetae :
Lusi, 6 cura !
(Each of the foregoing sentences is an anagram on the words
Carolus vi., and is also the subject of some complimentary epigram-
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR. 175
matic couplets in Latin concerning the emperor, the supposed utter-
ances of the old poet Lycophron. This poet wrote verses whose
obscurity has procured for him the epithet of ' Tenebrosus ;' they were
a mixture of prophetical effusions, which, as he supposes, were given
by Cassandra during the siege of Troy. The mysterious letters at the
commencement of this tract, the six letters C, may be taken to repre-
sent the sixth emperor Charles. The verses themselves are sufficiently
obscure, each brings in the words of its accompanying anagram. The
first (which follows) is a fair specimen, and so is the eighth, which is
chronogrammatic. )
The subject then proceeds — Sequitur illustratio Lemmatum
istorum anagrammaticorum, quam in rubro pollicitus sum, per
Imagines & Symbola.
I. Cui1 lauros?
Serenissmi ac Potenttssimi s. r. i. Principes Electores
Corottam e lauro contextam tenent manibtts, eandemque
Carolo nostro, Hispan. Regi Catholico, magni Leopoldi filio, decenter
offerunt.
Cui1 merito statuat Lauros German ia? quseris.
VI.US erit Carolus ; certa Lycophron ait.
(This, and all the verses, seem to have been associated with some
pictorial representations ; the tract, however, makes no other allusion
to them beyond what may be inferred from the words printed in
italics, and from certain words part of the title-page. I conclude with
the chronogram, the eighth couplet; the numeral is quaintly expressed,
nx is 10 minus 2 = 8.)
IIX. Casu, livor.
Manns e coelo. Francofurtensem supra civitatem, protensay
q%UB Potentessimo Hispaniarum Regi, Carolo in. Sceptrum
Imperii Romano-Germanici porrigit.
Non casu, livor ! precibus, nee fraude capessit
Nee donis, Carolus sceptra ; dat ipse Deus.
vel
e franCopVrto DeVs offert Ipse CoronaM. = 1711
The tract thus concludes, votvm e Psalm xx. 7 2 —
aCh Der herr, heLfe seIneM Werthen besaLbten ! = 171 1
aliud
Deo fortVnante fLoreat CaroLVs IMperator! = 171 1
MI CaroLe, 6 VaLeas porro, faVente Deo ! =1711
Tantum !
On the next page of the volume is another, and apparently a
1 Observe the word 'Cui* in this couplet, and refer to page 173, artfe, for the
explanation.
* Vulgate Version.
176 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
separate tract, of two leaves only. The paper and printing is some-
what different I give a full transcript of the title-page, which is
printed in various type, and concludes with the author's name con-
cealed in an anagram, which admits of various solutions, and points to
no one in particular.
' In Felicem Electionem Celsissimi et Augustissimi Principis ac
Domini Domini Caroli, Dei gratia Imperatoris Sexti, Regis Hispanise,
Hungarian et Bohemise, Archi-Ducis Austrise, etc etc. Themata
Chronographica curiosa, Anagrammata et Chronodisticha.
Composita ab Illo cujus nomen per Anagramma Sonat
1 Danda din SpetV
(The subject then follows, that of*the election of Charles in. of
Spain, to be Emperor of Germany, by the seven Electors mentioned.)
E lectio Regis Romani et Casaris per septem E lee tores.
Anno mdccwi. Octobris xii.
I . Elector Moguntinus. (i.e. Mayence.)
CaroLVs frater IosephI reX hIspanLe III. eLIgItVr a
LotharIo franCIsCo arChIepIsCopo MogVntIno reX
teVtonLe VI. = 1 71 1
CaroLVs frater IosephI a LotharIo arChICanCeLLarIo
gerManLe est Cesar. = 1711
2. Elector Trevirensis. (i.e. Treves.)
CaroLVs reX hIspanI^ hVngarIjE et boheMI/e orItVr a
CaroLo arChIepIsCopo et eLeCtore treVIrense reX regnI
teVtonLe VI. s= 1 71 1
ab eLeCtore treVIrense per gaLLIaM arChICanCeLLarIo
REX HlSPANliE ET REX HVNGARliE FlT REX REGNl TEVTONliE
VI. = 1711
3. Elector Palatinus.
CaroLVs reX hVngarLe et hIspanIjE III. eVasIt CjEsar VI.
a Iohanne gVILIeLMo eLeCtore paLatIno VICarIo regnI
teVtonLe. = 171 1
ab arChIDapIfero IMperII eVasIt Cesar. = 171 1
4. Elector Bohemia.
ab oratore regIs et eLeCtorIs boheMIjE arChIpInCernjE x
et Lege fIt Cesar et sVCCessor. = 171 1
a CoMIte wInDIsgretz frater IosephI eVasIt Cesar. = 171 1
5. Elector Saxonue.
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe ab oratore regIs PoLoNliE et
eLeCtorIs SAXoNliE arChIMaresChaLLI eVasIt reX
TEVTONliE VI. = 17 1 1
. l i.e. The chief cup-bearer.
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
177
AB ORATORE BARONE FRlESEN FRATER IOSEPHl fIt IMPERATOR ET
Cesar regnI CoronanDVs. = 1711
6. Elector Brandenburgicus.
CaroL Vs frater IosephI reX hIspanLe III. eVasIt a Legato
REGIS PRVSSLE ELECTORlS ET ARChICaMerII REX TEVTONliE
ET CESAR VI. s= 171 1
a CoMIte Dhona frater IosephI fIt et orItVr CiESAR
regnI. = 17 1 1
7. Elector Hannoveranus.
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe eLIgItVr ab oratore eLeCtorIs
hannoVeranI arChIthesaVrarII reX teVtonIje et CoronatVr
CiESAR ET IMPERATOR. as 17H
BARO GOERTZ LEGATVS HANNOVER DAT LEGE CiESARF.M REGNl.= 1711
CaroLVs reX HlsPANliE CathoLICVs eLIgItVr franCofVrtI
XII. oCtobrIs reX regnI roManI. = 171 1
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe hVngarLe et boheMLe per eLeCtores
franCofVrtI XII. oCtobre eLIgItVr Cesar VI. teVtonI/b.= 171 i
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe CathoLICVs III. eLIgItVr teVtonVM
CapVt oCtobrIs XII. = 1711
CaroLVs CathoLICVs In hIspanIa III. eLIgItVr VnanIMIter
franCofVrtI reX regnI oCtobrIs XII. = 171 1
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe CathoLICVs eLIgItVr reX IMperII
et ciesar vi. octobre xii. = 1711
eCCe CaroLVs VIennensIs frater IosephI reX hIspanLe
eLIgItVr LEGlTlMfe regnI teVtonI^e Cesar VI. oCtobrIs
XII. = 17 1 1
CaroLVs reX hIspanLe CathoLICVs ConspIratIs VotIs
franCofVrtI eLIgItVr reX et IMperator VI. =1711
CaroLVM eLegIt DeVs. = 171 1
CaroLVs VoLente Deo IMperator. = 1711
CaroLVs a Deo LargItVr regno roMano. = 171 1
DeVs et eLeCtores eLegerVnt regeM regnI. = 171 1
DIgnItas IMperatorIs LargItVr regI CaroLo. = 171 1
frater In IMperIo sVCCeDIt Iosepho fratrI. = 171 1
franCofVrtenses Date TEVTONliE CesareM. = 171 1
In Coronationem Caroli VI. Imperatoris.
Anno mdccxi.
CaroLVs reX hVngarIje eVasIt reX TEVTONliE oCtobrIs XII.
et CoronatVr CiESAR rege gaLLo paCeM offerente. = 1711
CaroLo VIennensI regI CathoLICo Corona regnI CoMpetIt
ET EST CiESAR. = 17"
DeVs et prInCIpes assIgnant CoronaM regI HlsPANliE. = 17 11
a Deo DIgne DatVr regI HlsPANliE Corona CiESAREA
IosephI. = 1 7 * '
a Deo DatVr Corona Cesarea CaroLo regI HlsPANliE
CathoLICo et In regno fratrIs Cesar est. = 171 1
z
i78
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
Corona regnI et GesarIs DatVr regI hIspanLe et
BOHeMIjE.
Corona CjEsarea DatVr regI hIspanLe III. gerMano.
CORONAM CiESARls ET REGNl DANT REGI HlSPANliE ET
HVNGARljE.
Corona Gesarea et IMperII DatVr regI hIspanLe.
DeVs et franCofVrtenses prjebent regnI GesareM.
fratre DefVnCto frater CoronatVr IMperator.
hoC anno Corona roMana DatVr regI hIspanLe III.
hoC anno Corona IMperatorIs et regnI DatVr regI
hIspanLe.
a proCerIbVs DatVr Corona gerMano.
Date CoronaM aVstrIaCo regI hIspanLe patrI patrIa
franCofVrtenses traDVnt regnI GesareM.
regI hIspanLe et hVngarIje CoMpetIt a Deo Corona regnI.
DIgnItas regnI et GesarIs CoMpetIt regI hIspanLe III.
gaVDete gerManI CoronatVr Cesar noster.
Date aVstrIaCo sCeptrVM.
Quastio. CVI gerMano DebetVr Corona?
Responsio. Carolo vi.
== 171 1
Carolus Sextus Imperator Romanus,
Per Anagramma}
Sto Patrum sero nixus amore clarus.
Carolus Sextus Imperator,
Per Anagramma.1
O mox clarus eris ut Patres.
Chronodisticha.
aVgVstIs CaroLVM feLIX eLeCtIo sCeptrIs.
eXCIpIat faVstIs teVtonLe aVspICIIs.
III. hIspanI/e Vastas profeCtVs In aVras
sIsqVe reDVX saLWs VI In IMperIo.
estIVat CaroL Vs sIC QViE VIX Morte IosephI
rapta aC hInC LVCtVs fata fVgent qVerVLos.
Here ends this singular tract, without another word.
}-
}-
17 1 1
1711
1711
1 These two anagrams are perfect.
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR. 179
1 ract 9 consists of eight pages in German, the subject being a
description of the siege of Landau by Joseph 1., king of Hungary,
published at Augsburg in the year
sIC tanDeM CessIt regI Iosepho. = 1704
The author's name appears at the foot of the dedication, on the
back of the title-page, Joseph Friderich Leopold Burger. 9 Januar.
A handsome emblematical engraving, exhibiting a medal of
Joseph 1., commences the narrative, and at page 6 these chrono-
grams appear —
hjeC neMInI CeDet. = 1702
IMo CeDet CesarI. = 1702
tanDeM CessIt CesarI. = 1702
(These chronograms will be found, with others on the same sub-
ject, in my book on Chronograms^ published in 1882, page 134.)
1 ract 10 has a title-page as follows : — Epigrammatum Biga, in
Trigam dierum memorabilium, videlicet emortualem Josephi 1.
Imperatoris gloriosissimi, qui erat 17 April, et etectionis.Caroli m.
Hispan., etc. etc. Regis potentiss. in Imperatorem Romanum, hujus
nominis sextum, qui erat dies Lunse 12 Octob. ut et coronationis
ejusdem, Francofurti ad Moenum felicissime susceptae, die Martis
12 Decemb. Anni,
Quo Germania, Marte pressa, halcyonia sperans optat,
Ut
Iste DIes MartIs CertVs sir paCIfer orbL = 171 1
Autore
Johanne Joachimo Pinggiserb,
_ Pastore Eccles. Aspacensis.
Halae Sii^L Typis Mayerianis, circa auspicium
Anni,
quern sequens distichon bis numerat, et quo fama tale suggerit
epiphonema.
o DeVs oMnIpotens ! faC anno hoC otIa Vera! = 17 12
sIn, VoVeo: Constans paCta fIDes Maneat ! = 1712
(The subject of the tract is two Latin epigrams, printed in various
type on two separate pages, on the death of Joseph 1. and the election
and coronation of his successor, Charles vi. They do not contain
any chronograms besides those on the title-page, and there are no
dates in figures.)
> ~»^ <
Tract 11 consists of eighty pages. It is in the German language, „
and contains much to interest admirers of chronograms, and engraved
illustrations; the latter are particularly fine, no less than 38 in
number, of folio size, and larger, representing a great variety of
180 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
emblems, medallions, public decorations and illuminations (illu-
minated transparent pictures), at Augsburg, on the occasion of the
rejoicings in 1 716 at the birth of the Archduke of Austria, Leopold,1
son of the Emperor Charles vi.
The title-page is, * Das Frolockende Augspurg, wie solches wegen
der hochst-begluckten Geburt dess Durchleuchtigsten Ertz-Hertzogen
und Printzen von Austurien Leopoldi 11. Seine allerunterthanigste
Freude den 17 May 17 16. Durch verschiedene Illuminationes dar-
gestellet hat. ' Augspurg, 1 7 1 6.
The author's name, Johann Christoph- Kolb, appears at the end
of the dedication to the Emperor Charles the Sixth.
On page 2, these chronograms were among the illuminations of
the Rath-house —
speI pVbLIGe pLaVDentIs IMperII = 17 16
P.P.— S.P.Q .A.
honorI aD aVTt* MonarChLe Coronas InVItantI. = 1716
And among a profusion of decorations and inscriptions on
the windows of the Rath-house were these chronograms, at page 4,
arranged in two series of six ; a compliment to Charles vi. —
I. aVstrIaCI saKgVInIs hjereDeM CernItIs. = 17 16
II. est LeopoLDVs Magna eX eLIsabetha soboLes. = 17 16
III. roManI CiESARls fILIVs, aC regI CathoLICo sVC-
Cessor. = 1 716
IV. prInCeps DIgnVs Cert4: MaIorIbVs IstIs. = 1716
V. haVD generant aqVILa CoLVMbas. = 17 16
VI. neC prIMIs In/eqVaLes eDIt aVstrIa LIberos. = 17 16
On page 6 —
I. eCCe nepotIs Ver£ MagnI fIDeIVssores regII. = 17 16
II. HlSPANljE iNDIiEQVE MONARCHY AVstrIaCI. = 1716
III. MONARCHLB HlSPANlCiE IVRE SVIS DEBlTiG. as 1716
IV. sponDent aVstrIaCVM CapVt. = 1716
V. VnaqVe CongrVas hIspano MonarCr« Dotes. = 17 16
VI. DeVs fortVnet CaVsaM GesarIs. = 17 16
At page 17—
VI Vat LeopoLDVs paCeM appetans. = 17 16
Followed by —
LIgat Vna CoLVMna DVas. = 17 16
Alluding to the device of two columns, surmounted by a crowned
monogram, composed of the letters c and l (i.e. Charles and Leopold).
On page 20 occurs the word signifying the dawning day of 17 16.
(This is one of the few words which happen to be entirely chrono-
grammatic) —
DILVCVLVM. = 1 7 16
1 This infant archduke was born on 13th April 1 7 16, and died in November of the same
year. Of course he never reached the throne, although he is called Leopold 11. in this
tract See note on page 185, infra.
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR. 181
On page 21, from Psalm cxi. 2 (Vulgate Version) —
potens erIt In terra seMen ILLIVs, et generatIo bene-
DICetVr. = 1 7 16
seIn saaM Lang VVIrD fLorIen, ) = ,
seIn Lob ohn zeIt gLorIen. j *'
LaVs Deo pro nato fILIo, prIMo prInCIpe astVrI,e, = 17 16
gebt gott Das Lob, Der gVVoLt ) __ ,
Vns geben eInen LeopoLD. j '
On page 22, adapted from Psalm lxxi. 7 (Vulgate Version) —
eXorIetVr In DIebVs eIVs IVstItIa, et VenIet eI
abVnDantIa, DoneC aVfferatVr ASliE LVnje.1 = 1 716
CaroLVs IntVnDet LVnaM.1 = 17 16
Carolus den Mond wird schwachen,
Und ihm alle Macht zerbrechen.
On page 27 there is a fine engraving of female figures, allegorical
of the months of the spring, with this chronogram ; it was pne of the
illuminated decorations in a window, alluding to 'April the most
blissful month ' of the year, in which the baby Archduke was born —
IVre DehInC Menses aLIos pr^CeDIs aprILIs,2 •
Ista tIbI proLes DVM VICe soLIs erIt. = 17 16
On page 34, some illuminations were thus inscribed —
LeopoLDesIsprInCepsMItIs DV LeopoLD
nobIs aVgVstanIs. = 17 16 bLeIb aVgspVrg hoLD. = 17 16
CaroLVs VI. gaVDet nato CaroLVs VI. Der Vatter-
LiETARE Mater = 17 16 Man Lobe gott. = 1716
aVstrIa DeVs te Coronat eLIsabetha ChrIstIna heIst nVn
prInCIpe IeDIDIa.= 17 16 DIe LIebe MVtter. = 1716
On page 35, an illumination bore these lines—
TViE natVM Cape DIVa CoRONiE. = 17 16
hanC Dabo CiESAREls MerItIs VenIentIbVs ann Is. = 1 716
At page 36, an illumination bore these lines —
CaroLVs VI. DeI gratIa IMperator et genItor natI Ljetare. = 1 716
eLIsabetha ChrIstIna DeI gratIa feLIX Mater. = 17 16
On page 39, some illuminations are represented with inscriptions
surrounded by wreaths of foliage and flowers —
1 Alluding to the war now terminated by peace, and the retirement of the Turkish forces
from the eastern part of Europe ; the crescent (Luna) representing the Turk.
9 This chronogram makes 23 11. It agrees with the original I am unable to explain
its numerical meaning, unless it be an error.
182
CHARLES VL EMPEROR.
VI Vat
CaroLVs VI.
IMp. p. f. aVgVstVs,
pater patriae opt j
'ger. hIsp. hVng. b. D
reX
VI Vat regnet.
VIVat
LeopoLDVs
Corona orb Is aVgVsta,
arChIDVX aVstrIje,
prInCeps astVr.
VIVat CresCat
i 716 ^SV fLoreat. ^JK = I7J6
On page 42 the illuminations of the College of the Jesuits are
described, with numerous complimentary inscriptions ; among them
were these chronograms, the concluding lines of the inscriptions —
H/eC DeVotI affeCtVs argVMenta =
ConsCrIpsere ) =
MVSiE orthoDoXje. j
Coronas qVonDaM ILLVstratVro,
Uniones Symbolicos ,
InsCrIbebat
DeVotIssIMa soCIetas IesV.
1716
1716
= 1716
} = 1716
On page 44 there is an engraving, of which the accompanying
illustration is a facsimile ; it represents an illumination which was
put up outside the Post-Office, the Imperial eagle is holding in the
right claw a large Easter egg, and in the left a crown ; above is this
inscription —
oVVM pasChaLe Dat aqVILa. = 1716
Below are two horsemen galloping in different directions blowing
post-horns, and thus inscribed —
ab orIente VsqVe aD oCCasVM as 17 16
LeopoLDI faMa eXCVrrat. = 17 16
On page 46 the illuminations at the * hospital' of the Regular
Prebendary Canons of St. Augustin of the Holy Cross are described,
with these accompanying chronograms —
CaroLVs seXtVs
IMPERATOR REX HlSPANljE
Io! W 1716
eXaVDItVs est
pro sVa reVerentIa,
Hebr. v. 7.
1
■N
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
183
}-
}-
I7II
I7l6
= I7l6
CaroLI seXtI \
ET
eLIsabeth/b
fILIVs
ANNVS
erIt
NATALIS,
LeopoLDVs
>= 1716
reDIVIWs j
[
pIVs IVstVs I
VICTOR !
ET
1
ConsenesCet. >
ANNVS
NATALIS,
= 1716
A representation of the Imperial eagle is given bearing on its
breast these chronograms —
Anno 171 1.
eX terrIs nVper pIVs aDVena Cesar IberIs,
sangVIneo sVppLeX VIsVs aDesse Deo.
Anno 1 7 16.
AVGVsTiE VIrtVte patrVM DeVotVs aVIta,
nVnC oVat en ! patrIs gLorIA, oVabIt aVI.
On page 51 this appears among other inscriptions —
sVrsVM CorDa aC pIa Vota.
In an engraving on page 62 are these chronograms, surrounded
by wreaths of foliage (laurel?) —
VIgeat
prInCeps In CVnIs
LeopoLDVs
CaroLI fILIVs
Vt sero fIat
In thronIs
seCVnDVs
FELIX
ET
SENEX.
At page 68 there is a large engraving, of which the frontispiece to
this volume is a facsimile, representing the Emperor Charles vi. in
armour and robes, holding up a sword, and Prince Eugene of Savoy
presenting to him the infant Archduke Leopold, on a velvet cushion,
whom the Emperor makes a Knight of the Golden Fleece. The cordon
of the Order hangs across the infant. The following inscriptions are
on scrolls occupying the upper corner of the picture —
DeCora heroVM Cesar et eVgenIVs = 17 16
Der Helden sehr und Zierde schon,
1st carl Leopold und eugen.
The accompanying text contains the next chronogram-
LeopoLDVs
CaroLI et eLIsabeth^
fILIVs
arChIDVX AVSTRliE
prInCeps astVrIje
eqVes
aVreI VeLLerIs
VIgeat.
On page 70 an illumination is described which represents a cradle
containing the infant Prince, with this inscription —
LeopoLDe sis aVstrLe et astVrLe prInCeps MItIs. = 1716
On page 73 an illumination is described containing a representa-
►= 1716
184 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
tion of Faith, Hope, and Charity combined in one figure, with the
letter L, and inscribed —
spes fIrMa In prInCIpes te non ConfVnDIt aVstrIa. = 1716
Another illumination represented a wood and a she-wolf lying on
the ground suckling a young boy, who wears a ducal cap, intended
for the infant Leopold, bearing these inscriptions, the first to illustrate
a device of an eagle presenting a sword at the throat of a Turk —
en LVna DVCat aqVILaM. = 17 16
The second presents a parallel between the infant and the founder
of Rome —
Io. LeopoLD Vs aLter roMVLVs. = 17 16
Another device of Christ crucified on a palm-tree, which grows out
of a bee-hive, ornamented by the Austrian eagle —
eIa, DeVotIonIs Mel CluavIt aqVILas.
This chronogram is carelessly printed. It probably is meant for
17 16; but I do not venture to make the needful correction. The
tract ends at page 80, without any more chronograms.
+■»■»
1 he next tract, No. 12, is entitled ( Mcestus Thorus Archiducalis,'
etc., a funeral oration or sermon (in German) on Sigmund Francis,
Grand Duke of Austria, at Sulzbach, by Francis Hoechtel, on Psalm
lxxvL, on 1 2th August 1665. There is a large engraving of the funeral
assemblage in a church where the sermon is being preached.
It would appear that he died at the time of his marriage, leaving
his widow, Maria Hedwig Augusta, to whom the following couplet
(at page 7) is supposed to be spoken by him —
Sponsus eram Virgo, mansi quoque Virgo, Maritus,
Nam mors invidit Virgineum thalamum.
And she is supposed to answer as an echo —
Uxor eram felix, magno vivente marito,
Sum Virgo infelix hoc viduata Viro.
i.e. I was espoused as a Virgin, I also remained a Virgin as a husband,
for death envied my virgin couch.
I was a happy wife, my great husband Irving; I am an unhappy
virgin, being deprived of this husband.
This chronogram forms part of the sentence which comes next —
ergo Ista tIbI granDIs aVstrIa CoLVMna? = 1665
The remainder of the volume contains much that is curious, but
no more chronograms.
LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VI 185
LEOPOLD, SON OF THE EMPEROR CHARLES VI.
AND ELIZABETH
A N exceedingly rare book, belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley,
J\ enables me to present at one view an example of the efforts
made by the Jesuits to strengthen their popularity at the court of the
imperial family of Germany, at the time when unpopularity was press-
ing on them generally throughout Europe. The feeling against them
gained force from various reasons until about the middle of die
eighteenth century, when the order of the Jesuits was suppressed
generally in Europe, even in those countries where the order took its
rise and flourished under the most powerful auspices. No potentates «
were so much honoured and flattered by the use of chronograms as
those of the house of Habsburg, the reigning family of Austria ; and
especially the Emperors Leopold 1. and Charles vi., and their
progeny, from their cradle to their tomb. The Jesuits were very busy
at this work; and in the book before us, the birth of the infant
Leopold, son of Charles vi. and his wife Elizabeth, is hailed as a very
important event, and hopes were fostered that he would in time
succeed to the throne. In anticipation of that event the chronograms
call him Leopold 11., or ' secundus/ or even ' secundissimus/ meaning
both ' the second ' or * the prosperous.' These hopes, however, were
not realised,1 and many prognostications consequently failed of fulfil-
ment The male issue of Charles vi. having died, leaving him the
last of the male descendants of his race, he, before his death, procured
such alteration of the national law that his daughter Maria Theresia
succeeded, as heiress of Austria, to the throne of Hungary, and to
his Netherlands dominions in 1740.
The book now to be noticed describes thirty-four festivals held at
so many places in Bohemia, promoted by the Jesuits to celebrate the
birth of this infant Leopold in 17 16. The attendant expense and
trouble must have been large, but perhaps not greater than the extent
of hopes opened up to the Jesuits by the event. No people were
better qualified than the members of the order to undertake the
literary work; they possessed that familiarity with the classical
writers needful to the selection of quotations to mingle with the poetry
and chronograms, and that knowledge of the Latin language which
was indispensable to the production of chronograms in such number
and with such variety of treatment of the subject as are to be seen
scattered throughout the book. The descriptions of the festivals
1 The following dates will help to explain some of the allusions in the work now to be
described. Elizabeth Christina of Brunswick was born in 1691. She married the Emperor
Charles vi. on 23d April 1708 at Vienna. The * first fruits ' of this marriage was Leopold,
the infant hero of the book. He was born on 13th April 1716 (Easter time), after a 'delay '
of seven years. The circumstance is pointedly alluded to in the title-page of the eighteenth
festival. He died in November in the same year, 17 16. After her marriage she became a.
{toman Catholic, and was highly honoured, as these festivals demonstrate,
2 A
186 LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VL
follow in close succession, not in the usual form of separate tracts.
The book is a folio size, 252 pages, not numbered ; yet it is evidently
printed all at the same time, and in the same year when the festivals
took place. It contains 592 chronograms, 12 cabalas, and a few
anagrams. So far as a selection can be well made, I believe that the
transcripts which follow are fair representatives of the whole series.
Many of the title-pages and titles are chronogrammatic. The total
number of chronograms in the book is 592, of which 114 are given in
the following extracts, leaving 478 which, for various reasons men-
tioned, I have not transcribed.
1 he first and general title-page is as follows : —
AUGUSTALES CUN^E
Serenissimi Archi-ducis Austria? Ducis Asturiae
Leopoldi Joannis Josephi Antonii Francisci de Paula
Hermenegildi Rudolphi Ignatii Bathasaris,
Augustissimarum Majestatum
- Caroli vi. et Elisabethae primo-geniti,
Europae Ciraelii,
Regnorum Spei,
Seculorum Pretii,
Patriae Pupillae,
Sub festival Orbis incendia Genethliacis honoribus,
Flammisque nocturnis illustrate
A
soCIetate IesV ) ,
HiEREDlTARliE PROVInCIjE BOeMjE. J '
(Printed at Prague ... in the Clementine College, 17 16.)
The opening address and dedication to Charles vi. is composed
in the strongest language of courtly flattery, and grandiloquent praise
is given, even in this early period of his existence, to the newly born
infant Archduke, who has been already invested with the dignity and
decorations of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The fireworks and
bonfires which blazed on the occasion are made to symbolize the light
which Austria is to experience. The Emperor is personally addressed
thus, — 'Sed enim felicissime Caesamm Carole Sol es inter tot Sidera
in Ccelo Austria. '
1 he first subordinate title-page in the book, which precedes the
description of the grand festivities at Prague, is a good example of
the conspicuous use of chronograms and cabala. It is handsomely
printed, covering two pages, and reads as follows —
' Verna hILarIa ) __ 6
LiETO, et festIVo InCenDIo anIMata. j ~" x^!
Quibus
Inter exultantium Provinciarum gaudia hinc paschalia, indfe
genethliaca, augustissimo imprimis patri Carolo vi. augustissimae
matri Elisabethae, deinde
LEOPOLD, SON Of CHARLES VI. 187
serenIssIMo parIter arChI-DVCI aVstrLe; = 1716
astrVrLe De oVIeDo, et De santILLana 1 prInCIpI; = 17 16
MagnI LeopoLDI pII CesarIs aVgVsto nepotI ; = 17 16
GfiSAREiE REGliEQVE MaIeSTATIs VICTORlOSO HjEReDI, = 1716
Leopoldo
Sub florida ejusdem genethlia, vernis deliciis coeva,
Submissime et devotissime applausit
Academicum collegium Societatis Jesu
Pragae ad Sanctum Clementem
Anno, quo orbi nata est
Soboles dilecta Deo, Magnum Jovis incrementum/2 = 171 6
307 142 59 308 358 542
This concluding line is a near adaptation of the words of a familiar
line, Virgil, Eel. iv. 49 —
'Cara Detim soboles, magnum Jovis incrementura !'
i.e. Dear offspring of the gods, illustrious increase of Jove.
The trifling alteration in two words cause the sentence to give out
the modern date.
The festival was held at Prague on 3d to 6th of May, the principal
object of attraction, besides the fireworks, was a * pegma/ or structure
of boards and scaffolding 116 feet high by 68 wide, containing alle-
gorical figures, symbols, scenery, etc., with music and other acces-
sories, and a profusion of inscriptions, chronograms, and 'cabalas,'
from which it would be difficult to make a fair selection.
1 he second subordinate title-page is —
'EROTEMA GENETHLTACUM
Quts put as puer iste erit ?
motum olim in Judaeae Montanis super sancto sanctorum conjugum
Zachariae et Elisabeth unigenito, nunc in Montibus Juliis super feli-
cissimo sacratissimarum Caesarearum Majestatum Carol i ter secundi
et Elisabeth in una prole ter fcecundae primogenito Leopoldo . . .
resolutum in propylaeo Novae Basilicas Sanctae Mariae Majoris, collegii
et universitatis Societatis Jesu Olomucii anno,
Quo plusquam serenissimo ortu suo orbem illustravit
arChI-DVCVM phoebVs.' =1716
This festival was held at Olmiitz ; the subject is wrought out on
the question in the title-page, the words taken from the Vulgate
Version, St Luke i. 66, where Elizabeth says, ' Quis, putas, puer iste
exit?' \i.e. What manner of child shall this bef\ Observe that
Leopold's mother bore the name Elizabeth. The festival was
accompanied by the usual exhibition of symbolical decorations, with
a profusion of inscriptions and a great many chronograms. These
among them give a special answer to the question of the mother —
hIC pVer MagnVs est LeopoLDVs. = 17 16
1 The Spanish titles of the infant Leopold.
* The key to this cabala is elsewhere in this volume. See Index, ' Cabala.1
rfT%*TF*'J-V<
erIt MeVs CharVs LeopoLDVs II sVCCessor DoMVs aVstrIal — * I7 16
188 LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES Vl
LeopoLDVs aVstrIaCorVM spes. = 1716
eCCe reX InDorVM. - =1716
HlC PVER IGNIS ERlT DISPELLENS HiERESlS VMbras. = 1 7 16
LeopoLDVs MagnVs VICtor. = 17 16
{ I716
These also occur —
eLIsabeth peperIt fILIVM GesarI, gaVDe orbIs! = 17 16
eCCe reX InDorVM. = 17 16
This is prophesied ' without prejudice to the paternal longevity,' and
is one of the unfulfilled prognostications which I have alluded to, and
erIt, seD ser6, LeopoLDVs seCVnDVs. = 17 16
The principal anagram in the volume is on sheet l 2 ; it consists
of 81 letters.
1 he third subordinate title-page is another good example of the
use of chronograms, indeed it is almost entirely in that form —
1 IDea ConCeptVs eX teMpore. = 1716
Phosphorus in hespero, Ortus in occasu,
id est
M. LeopoLDI In bInIs nepotIbVs poLo soLoqVe anastasIs;= 1716
seV ) _ .
LeopoLDInI noMInIs resVsCItatIo, J I7
praprIMIs In LeopoLDo nepotVLo II. prorsVs soLatIosa;=c 17 16
pro
Augustissimorum Progenitorum
Caroli vi. et Elisabethae ex re nata
pasChaLI gaVDIo, et gLorIosIs trIVMphIs; = 17 16
pro
orbIs terrarVM pLaVsV aC spLenDore, = 17 16
aD }
oCCIDVI soLIs VICarIas faCes, f ,
VeCtIgaLI IVbILo, et IVgI VeneratIone, ( ~~ I7I°
In tenebrIs eXpressa, et eXhIbIta )
AB
aVo aternVM DeVoto CoLLegIo, = 17 16
et
obstrICtIssIMa VnIVersItate LeopoLDIna = 17 16
soCIetatIs IesV VVratIsLaVLe, )
DIe XXVIII MensIs qVartI = 17 16
AB ANNi PRjESENTIS InItIO ; )
M0D6 Ver6 nonnVLLIs aVCta, = 1716
PRiELoQVE, LVCIqVe Man Data.' = 1716
This festival was held at Breslau with the usual exhibition of decora-
tions, and a * pegma ' 62 feet high, and broad in proportion, having a fine
architectural design, allegorical figures, etc, with a profusion of classical
inscriptions and chronograms, setting forth the progress and splendour
of the Imperial family, which is hardly exceeded by that of the sun itself.
^
LEOPOLD, SON OP CHARLES VI. 189
1 he fourth subordinate title-page begins with a chronogram —
<Ver arChI-DVCVM = 1716
Castra parat, Terras recreat, Coelumque serenat ;
Dum
Dilectus nascitur Hesperus : {Claud, in Nupt. Honor, et Mar.)
Magnorum Soboles Regum, spes gentis Iberge,
. . Et dubio vanescit Cynthia Cornu. {Idem in Phcenice.)
Seu
Natalitia in Paschate gaudia/ etc. etc.
(On the birth of Leopold.)
This festival was held at Little-Prague with bonfires and fire-works;
there was a 'pegma' 73 feet high filled with numerous symbolical
figures of persons and wild animals ; from each group is drawn a prog-
nostication or prophecy of Imperial prosperity (' Vaticinium onomas-
ticum '). The whole is minutely described, and it must have been very
gorgeous and interesting. As usual classical quotations are abundant,
with verses appropriate to the occasion, and some chronograms, which
are scarcely intelligible without the accompanying verses and pictorial
symbols. The following, however, may safely stand alone —
TER FELIX PVERPERffi PARTVs LEOPOLDVs
aVgVstVs arChI-DVX aVstrLe,
CAROLO ATQVE ELISABETHS 1 fi-
aVgVstIs parentIbVs, ' '
tot VotIs eXpetItVs
In pasChate 13 aprILIs natVs.
DVX aVstrLe In CVnIs,
eqVes aVreI VeLLerIs In fasCIIs,
a genItore appeLLatVs,
a genItrICe saLVtatVs,
REGNlS HiEREDlTARlIs A sVPERlS PETItVs, ^= 1716
aVgVstVs aVI pII, et aVLe nepos,
TER FAVSTVS HESPERVs,
serenItatIs phosphor Vs,
VTVat Integer parentIbVs, sIbI, patrIje, et nobIs VIVat \j
The fifth subordinate title is as follows —
< SERIES APPLAUSUS GENETHLIACI
Neo-nato . . . Archiduci Austrise sub schemate
Herculis ab infantia usque ad provectam
iEtatem ... a Brzeznitzensi collegio societatis
Jesu adornati.'
This festival was held at Brzeznitz, and on a smaller scale than
the foregoing ones ; among the decorations was this inscription —
honorI herCVLejE soboLIs ) = g
In gaVDIa erIgentIs orbeM J '
serenIssIMI aVstrI^ arChI-DVCIs t= 17 16
LI®IP®ILE)D OBo
DIes aDornat nataLes pLaVDens IesV soCIetas brzeznItzII. = 1 7 16
190 LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VI.
1 he sixth subordinate title of the next festival is —
'DESIDERIUM COLLIUMJ etc.
It was held 'in montesancto ad Przibramum Civitatem Montanara
in Boemia sito a residentia societatis Jesu.' ... 17 mensis Maii,
anno 17 16. The description of the decorations does not contain any
chronograms.
1 he seventh subordinate title-page is briefly as follows —
'LEUNCULUS AUSTRIACUS, Agnello Paschali sociatus:
Leopoldus . . . archi-dux Austrian ... in lucem festivissimfe editus
ab aVgVstIssIMIs Inter se DesponsatIs ) = ,
CaroLo et eLIsabethA, J I71
Idibus Aprilis Ferial secunda Paschatis, . . . exceptus; ... a Collegio
Societatis Jesu Commotovii . . . Anno ut supra ; Triduo Majali . . .
(17th to 19th May 1716).'
This festival was held at Commotau in Bohemia, the 'pegma'
was accommodated in the entrance ('propylaeum') to the church of
St Ignatius, the subject was from Isaiah xi. 6, ' Leo et Ovis simul
morabuntur' (words of the Vulgate Version). The groups and
decorations were ' magnificent,' but the chronograms few.
1 he eighth subordinate title-page commences —
* LUX GENETHLIACA serenissimi Archi-ducis Austrian . . .
Leopoldi . . . illustrata . . . Dum communibus fidelium subditorum
applausibus suos debiti obsequii igniculos adjiceret in umbra devinct-
issima augustissimo nomini residentia Societatis Jesu Mariae-Scheinae
sub Grupna. Anno quo, exortum est
ter aVspICatVM DVCe phosphoro, = 1 7 16
serenIssIMI arChIDVCIs aVstrLe, = 17 16
IpsIs MensIs aprILIs IDIbVs, orbI feLICIter natI = 17 16
DILVCVLVM.' = 1 7 16
The title thus ends with one of the few words that are composed
entirely of the numeral letters.1 The festival was held at Graupen in
Bohemia. There are but few chronograms in the description of the
decorations, but Latin verse is abundant. Each name2 of the infant
Leopold (all of them also being the names of saints), were illuminated,
and each had its ample tribute of poetry, but without chronograms.
The ninth subordinate title commences, NOCTIL l/CAS JIOMA-
GIORUM PRIMITIVE ad Augustales cunas, ... a collegio
Rosensi societatis Jesu Crumlovii Boemorum Anno 1716 10 et 12
Maii, die intermedio per aeris intemperiem impedito.'
This is the only record I have met with of a festival being
impeded by bad weather ; the circumstance is quite intelligible.
This happened at Krumlau. A very handsome 'pegma/ 46 feet
high, is described, with its decorations and pictures, and archway
beneath for the spectators passing about. The chronograms require
1 See my former work on Chronograms^ pp. 88, 83.
2 The names are in the first title-page of the book.
LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VI. 191
their accompanying emblems to explain them ; the following, however,
can be separated —
LeopoLDo J
aVgVstIssIMI CesarIs nostrI >= 1716
porphyrogenIto, j
IaM granDI Intra CVnas eVropjE prInCIpI. = 17 16
DeVInCtIssIMa rosensIs IesV soCIetas, = 17 16
arDentes hasCe VotorVM faVILLas = 17 16
eX aMore sVCCenDIt. = 1716
1 he tenth subordinate title begins —
'SERENISSIMA VERIS FOECUNDITAS felicibus dives
auguriis, conspirante in jubilos Europa, serenissimo archi-duci . . .
Leopoldo, . . . augustissimi imperatoris Caroli vi. filio porphyro-
genito1 . . .
aDVMbrata, et eX Integro ConseCrata = 17 16
a regIa, et G*sarea DoMo soCIetatIs IesV ) _ ^
VrbIs egrensIs. / '
Bis qVIna fLorIDI MaII LVCe.' = 17 16
This festival was held at Eger in Bohemia ; there was a very grand
1 pegma,' with illuminations and symbolic groups. Among the com-
plimentary chronograms to the infant Archduke were the following,
pointing to his present and future honours —
aVstrLe DVLCe LVMen. = 17 16
Ver arChI-DVCVM. = 1 716
DeCVs prjeCIpWM. =5 1716
DeCVs aVstrIaCVM. = 1716
tVrCarVM DeVICtor. = 1716
sVbDItorVM oCeLLVs. = 17 16
DILVCVLVM = 17 16
fortVna beLLIDVCVM. = 1716
The eleventh subordinate title, 'OMNIA FELIC1TATIS
quatuordecim arcubus, et Templi turri festivfe illuminatis, picturaque
exornatis, in applausum genethliacum . . . Leopoldo . . . reprae-
sentavit collegium Soc. Jesu, Giczinii 10 Maii 17 16.'
An arch was erected at Gitschin in Bohemia, with emblems and a
few chronograms.
The twelfth subordinate title, « OVUM PASCHALE seu augus-
tales ovantis Europse spes, quas in . . . Leopoldo . . . Caesaris
Carolo vi. primo-genito, Dum in Pascha natus fuisset, subjectissimis
oculis suspexit, ac Profundissima submissione venerata est —
InfIMa IesV soCIetas C^sareI et regII CoLLegII ) _ ,
gLaCensIs InCoLa. J— li™
A festival was held at Glatz, and a * pegma ' with local emblems
was erected. Several chronograms were inscribed thereon, among
1 This is a favourite epithet, ' born to the imperial purple ; ' it frequently occurs among
these gratulations.
/
192 LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VI.
them the ( Easter Egg ' mentioned in the title was to be seen, with
this inscription —
In pasChaLe oWM noVa proLe Donata. = 1716
The thirteenth subordinate title, ' TER TRINjE NVTRICES
gratiae, sive noveni ccelites, etc. ... In collegio S. J. Glattoviae, anno
1716, 10 Maii.' The festival held at Klattau, in Bohemia, is de-
scribed, when the decorations consisted of illuminated pictures sym-
bolical of the event, and exhibiting the several saints whose names
the infant Archduke bore. The chronograms are not important.
The fourteenth subordinate title, \FESTIVUM PEGMA, pro
genethliaco applausu . . . Leopoldi (his other names as before), . . .
erectum a collegio Glogoviensi Societatis Jesu 3 Maii anno 1716.'
This festival was held at Glogau, when a ' pegma ' 36 cubits high was
erected. The chronograms are combined with the decorations. This
one is a compliment to the infant Archduke —
noVa steLLa DoMVs habsbVrgIGe. = 17 16
And this one closes the description of the ' pegma ' —
DeVs serVet CaroLVM, et eLIsabeth! = 17 16
sCeptroqVe regIo serVet LeopoLDVM ! = 17 16
The fifteenth subordinate title, ' VOTUM GENETHLIACUM
ob neo-natum . . . Leopoldum, ... In communi regiee urbis
Hradisstiensis applausu, a collegio Hradisstiensi Societatis Jesu . • .
Anno 17 16 . . . 10 Mail' This festival was held at Hradisch, once
a monastery, now a military hospital There were extensive illumina-
tions of the church and college, and numerous inscriptions. Among
the few chronograms was this —
honorI, et aMorI neo-natI arChI-DVCIs aVstrL*. = 1716
The sixteenth subordinate title,' VOTORUMETAFFECTUUM
tributum serenissimis genethliis repensum, .invictissimi Romanorum
imperatoris Caroli ter secundi regnorum et glorias haeredi secundissimo
LeopoLDo eXInDe seCVnDo. = 17 16
. . . cui . . . reverentissimo homagio advovebat suis sacris majesta-
tibus, devinctissimum collegium soc Jesu Iglaviae.' This festival was
held at Iglau. There was a grand ( pegma ' 70 feet high, the summit
representing sky and stars, with many emblematical groups appropriate
thereto, together with symbols of imperial rule. The inscriptions
were quotations from classical authors, or verses composed after
classical models, with but few chronograms.
The seventeenth subordinate title is mostly in chronogram —
'ferIa seCVnDa PAsCHiE prIMogenItVs Infans hIspanLe, = 1 7 16
Serenissimus archi-dux Austriae, princeps Austria Leopoldus,
orbIs totIVs DeLICIVM, et LiETlTlA, = 17 16
in communi populorum applausu, pro theatro publicfe erecto, in
Montibus Kuttnis ad sanctam Barbaram, repraesentatus a
DeVota Casarea MaIestatIs InfantI hespero soCIetate
lESV,' s= 17 16
LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VL 193
This festival was held at Kuttenberg in Bohemia, where there is a
fine Gothic church dedicated to St Barbara. There were several
separate emblematic groups, among which that saint was conspicuous.
Chronograms abounded among the decorations, bearing particular
allusion to the various groups of figures. Towards the conclusion is
the following, which is allusive to the silver mines which existed in the
neighbouring mountains, and were sources of wealth to the town —
appLaVsVs genethLIaCVs ) = 6
aD Montes argenteos. j '
neo-genIto serenIssIMo arChI-DVCI aVstrI^, = 1716
prIMogenIto prInCIpI astVrLe \
LeopoLDo >= 1 7 16
PRjESENTATVs. J
The eighteenth subordinate title, ' CAROLI VL augustissimi
principis, et
InVICtI GesarIs aDsInt nVMIna ! = 17 16
(Statins lib. IV. Sylva IX.)
dum serenissimo ejusdem primogenito Leopoldo . « . post moram
septem annorum tandem nascenti cunctatori, et novo imperii scuto
(ita Fabius ille Cunctator1 appellabatur a Romanis) genethliacos
honores, inter festivos ignes, et ardentes gestientis animi gratulationes,
exhibet Minima Societas Jesu Lignicena, Die 31. Mensis Mail.' There
is but one chronogram to grace the decorations in honour of the
imperial infant who delayed his birth.
The nineteenth subordinate title, ' FLORIDO-AUREI
S&CULI PRIMITIIS, Caroli vi. et Elisabethae,' etc. etc. (which
with festive fires, was applauded by) ' collegium Ferdinandaeum S. J.
Litomericii,' anno 17 16. This festival was held at Leutmeritz in
Bohemia, with the usual emblematical structures, poetry, and inscrip-
tions, but few chronograms.
The twentieth subordinate title, * OMEN FELICITATIS Luce
genethliaca . . . Leopoidi, . . . inter publicos Triurbis Pragenae
applausus, ... a minima Jesu societate Neo-Pragae ad S. Ignatium.'
This festival was held at New-Prague, at the church of St. Ignatius,
where emblematical groups and pictorial subjects were illuminated
with all known colours. The chronograms were numerous, and the
name of Leopold appeared everywhere in them and in other inscrip-
tions. This one alludes to the foundation, etc., of the college—
CoLLegIVM DIVI IgnatII neo-pragjE, = 1716
In steLLIs fVnDatIonIs sternbergIC^ posItVM, = 17 16
VeneratIonI neo-natI LeopoLDI DeDICaVIt. = 17 16
1 he twenty-first subordinate title is begun and ended in chrono-
gram—
'aVrora In DIeI oCCasV IMperIIs orta (a figurative = 17 16
1 See note at p. 185, antt,
2 B
194 LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VL
allusion to the birth of Leopold) . . . subindfe inter festivos ignes
adumbrata a
DeVotIssIMo aVstrIje CoLLegIo nIssensL' = 1 716
This title is allusive to the birth of Leopold in the evening, about
sunset, viz., at half-past seven o'clock.
This festival was held at Neisse in Silesia, with the usual decora-
tions and emblems, bearing appropriate inscriptions and some
chronograms. The star of Austria and Asturia is alluded to in words
taken from Genesis L 14, in the Vulgate Version —
h*:C aVstrIjE et astVrIa: steLLa, )
posIta >= 1 7 16
In sIgna, TE&fPORA, Diss, et annos. )
The twenty-second subordinate title, ' NOVELLUS SUR-
CULUS in campos Austriacos ab Austriacis alaudis depositus cum
acroamate : . . . Minimis Jesu sociis Novae Domi1 10 Maii 1716/
There was a 'pegma' surmounted by the Austrian eagle, with
emblems of the c Austrian alauda ' or ' lark,' the olive branch, the
imperial apple or orb of the imperial insignia. Fortune offers the
cornucopia to the new-born Leopold —
Prospera constantes figet Fortuna triumphos,
aVrea sjeCLa fLVent te DoMInante pVer. = 17 16
The many bits of votive poetry are thus terminated —
kmC VoVet noVo-DoMena soCIetas. = 17 16
The twenty-third subordinate title, 'PEGMA TRIUMPUALE
serenissimis cunis • . . Leopoldi . . . inter festivos applausus, et
universalia tripudia erectum a Minimi Jesu Societate in collegio
Oppaveno.' Anno 1716. Mense Maia This festival was held at
Troppau. There was a grand ' pegma,' 80 feet high by 48 wide, in
the form of a theatre, with many emblematical groups, inscriptions,
and chronograms appropriate thereto. The last one is associated
with the genius of the gymnasium or academy of Troppau —
CVnIs LeopoLDI reVerentIssIMI: se sIstIt, = 17 16
en prInCIpI sVo CaDIt gyMnas oppaVIensIs, = 17 16
a fortItVDIne LaVreas, perennItateM a ConstantIa ) = 6
LlBET PRiESAGlRE. J '
1 he twenty-fifth subordinate title is entirely in chronogram —
'appLaVsVs genethLIaCVs
aVgVstjE proLI, neo-nato arChI-DVCVLo
LeopoLDo
Inter renoVatos eVropje festIVos Ignes,
reVerenter obLatVs
AB
InDIgenIs MIssIonarIIs C^sareIs soCIetatIs IesV, = 17 16
1 There are several places in Austrian territory called ' Nenhaus.'
►= 1716
1716
1716
LEOPOLD, SON OF CHARLES VI. 195
iER/B ChrIstIana I = 6
tesChInII DIe tertIo VIrentIs MaIL' / '
This festival, held at Teschen in honour of the ' new-born little
Archduke,' was not adorned by chronograms.
The twenty-sixth subordinate title, ' DESCRTPTIO AP-
PLAUSpS GENETHLIACI quem serenissimis cunis ...
Leopoldi, . . . submissime detulit collegium Oppoliense societatis
Jesu; anno,
qVo noVA progenIe CceLo DonaMVr ab aLto.' = 17 16
A 'pegma,' with emblems of the usual character, was erected.
The narrative concludes with this notice of the last group therein, of
three kneeling genii and votive inscriptions —
Postremb ad gradus pegmatis terni spectabiles adgeniculabantur
Genioli ; primus e latere dedicationem inchoabat :
LeopoLDo, Iosepho, IoannI antonIo IgnatIo, . ) = ,
NEO-NATO ASTVRliE PrInCIpI OPTANS PERENNlTATEM. J '
Alter in medio continuavit :
Vno CorDIVM affeCtV:— Vna VotorVM ConCorDIa.= j
Tertius a sinistro latere terminavit :
ereXIt, eXtrVXItqVe, DebItte VeneratIonIs, \
OBSERVANTliE, ET AMORlS f = 1716
ergo soCIetas IesV oppoLIensIs. j
Atque itk perennem eidem vovit Pacem et Felicitatem.
1 he twenty-seventh subordinate title-page commences with a
chronogram of the date in one word,
'DILVCVLVM = 1716
in crepusculo,
seu
ortVs In oCCasV1 roMano fe syDere phcebVs, # . = 1716
serenissimum Imperii Sydus,2 Soboles fulgentior astris,8 Serenissimae
domui Austriacae, occasum nescienti, Imperatorum parenti, atque
imprimis augustissimo Romanorum Imperatori Carolo vi. natus-
serenissimus archi-dux primogenitus Asturiae princeps Leopoldus, • . .
optatissimus haeres, ab avitis provinces, regnis, terrisque haereditariis
omnibus, Tot votis desideratus, Quot in aethere sydera lucent,4
Secundo syderum cursu, Felicissimisque auspiciis, Horizonti Reginae-
Hradeceno, inter festivos ignes,
genethLIaCo appLaVsV DeMonstratVs = 17 16
a Caesareo, Regioque collegio Minimae Soc Jesu, Reginae-Hradecii,
die 10 Maii.'
1 Alluditur ad tempus nativitatis, circa occasum solis, et ad vaticinium v. P. Stredonii :
' cum te consumptum putaveris, orieris ut Lucifer.' — Job xi. 17. (Seethe twenty-first title, ante.)
* Claudian, de 6. Consul Honorii.
3 Claudian, de ConsuL Prob.
4 Ovid, L. 1. Trist. Eleg. 4.
198 CHARLES VL EMPEROR.
CHARLES VL EMPEROR, FONS LNEXHAUSTUS.
A folio volume, sumptuously printed at Prague, on 284 pages,
composed by the Society of Jesuits in Bohemia, to celebrate
a supposed jubilee of Charles vi. as king of the Holy Roman Empire,
and which, by some interpretation of the figures used in the narrative,
is made to represent the year 753 b.c, the era of the building of
Rome, the year 753 a.d., the alleged year of the building of Prague,
and the year 1723, that in which the book was printed ; the same date
1723 is given by all the chronograms. This is all very fanciful. The
plan of the work consists of nine sections, under the names of certain
real or imaginary fountains of the old classical times, with appropriate
engraved emblems, historical narratives, poems and odes in various
metre, in which chronograms and cabalistic dates are mingled, all
intended to heap up praise and flattery on the Emperor Charles vi.
and his wife Elizabeth. The title is somewhat prolix ; it enlarges on
the idea of the fountains and the Roman era. There is a large
engraved emblematical frontispiece, representing the emperor on horse-
back as if in mid-air, leaping from a rock from which many fountains of
water spout forth, supplying peace and prosperity to his country and
to Europe. It is subscribed with this metrical couplet —
Gloria et Augusti hoc manant ex fonte triumphi,
Publica et Europae profluit inde salus.
The book is in the British Museum, press-mark 1864. a 4. A
former owner wrote on the fly-leaf (that he bought it at Augsburg at
the small cost of 2 florins 30 kreutzers) ' Emi Aug. Vindel. 1803.
Compt. 2 f. 30 xV — the present value would be at least twenty times
as much. The title-page is as follows —
Fons Inexhaustus immortalis glorise publics salutis augustarum
virtutum, et gratiarum Augustissimus Romanorum Imperator Carolus
sextus "Germanise, Hispaniae, Hungarian, et Bohemias rex etc. etc. (sic)
Praeprimis quidem recepto in augustissimum caput haereditario ejusdem
regni diademate, Subinde verb universi regni, fidelisque populi piis
votorum laureolis devotissime coronatus. Jungente humillimum
quoque studium ejusdem subjectissimae devotionis minimae Societatis
Jesu per Bohemiam provincia.
Anno mdccxxiii.
Nimirum
(It continues on the back of the title-page,)
eXaCtIs MILLe annIs ab Vrbe fVnData = 1723
DVLCIssIMa IVbILeI sVnt InItIa, = 1723
Et tanti quidem,
Quantum mundas a sui principio vix bis ter numeraverit
Magnum videri assolet,
Si annorum decades in saeculum confluant,
Nunc exhaustas saeculorum decades Praga numerat,
Qub vetustior, eb pukhrior.
CHARLES VL EMPEROR. 199
Et si id quidem veterum Ducum beneficio,
Hodie certfe longfe luculentihs
Universum vivificante Regnum
Augustissima Gratia
Clementissimi Caesaris
Regis Coronati.
Unde Problema : An annus hie Jubilceus dicendus
Ex lapsis mille annis ab Urbe condita ?
An. a recens nato Jubilo
Ex clementissima Coronati Regis Praesentia ?
Pro hoc sto. Cado.
Problema solutum :
granDe nVnC LabItVr IVBlLiEVM = 1723
Ob transactos mille annos a Praga condita ;
Sed
granDIVs IVbIIjeVM
CaroL Vs, = 1723
Qui non modb Hsereditario Sibi Regno,
Sed omni recti sentienti mundo
Nunquam non impensissimi Jubili
Amabilem imponit necessitatem,
Dum Iromortali Ejus Glorias
Virtutum Majestati,
Augustisque Triumphis
Yix mille saeculorum cambium facile suffecerit.
It will be impossible to describe this 'fountain' of all that is
excellent, and to follow the allegory from place to place through the
volume. The following extracts must suffice : —
At page 23 there is an emblem of ' Fons coronatus perennis gloriae
de augustissima domo Hapsburgica secundum illud Joelis Prophetse
c 3. v. 18, Fons de domo Domini egreditur; and this chronogram
follows after four lines of Latin verse —
ConstantIA, et fortItVDIne aVgVstVs MonarCha. = 1723
At page 26 this commences a ' periphrasis lyrica ' —
epItoMe spLenDorIs, atqVe gLorIjE
AVGVSTVS CiESAR.
}-
1723
At page 33 this precedes a Latin ode —
ter aVspICatVM )
De fVtVrIs >= 1723
prognostICon. j
200 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
At page 36 another ode concludes with
Epiphonema Cabalisticum.
Ex sensu Martialis lib. 8. Epigr. 74.
Mirificus reddit miracula Caesar Avorum ;
436 202 344 180 ^ 561
Nee patitur vincens tempora prisca mori.
48 55° 387 326 243 169
Nam nova dum condit, revocat Romana priora ;
71 291 234 206 439 202 280
Omnino id Caroli est, quod fuit, est, et erit
219 13 163 195 324 315 195 105 194
Surama singulorum versuum
1723.
The key to this cabala, and to others which follow, will be found
at page 41 of Chronograms, also at pp. 311, 442, and 445, ibid. Add
together the numbers represented by each letter, then each word will
show the quantity placed beneath it; every line gives the date 1723.
abedefghijk 1 m n opqr s t uv w x y z
123456789 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 300 400 500 600
At page 40 this chronogram precedes an ode, ' Paraphrasis lyricae
epitome chronica * —
IngentIs anIMI ConstantIa, et fortItVDo I
aVgVstI CesarIs. J ' 3
At page 77 this chronogram precedes an ode —
trInaCrIa IVstIs aVstrLe arMIs VInDICata. = 1723
And this ' Epiphonema cabalisticum * concludes it —
Tutandae firmat Carolus fujidamina terrae
451 226 444 331 271
Me Europaei stat velut orbis Atlas.
54 410 291 525 231 212
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 82 this chronogram precedes an ode on the victories over
the Turks in Hungary, ' Paraphrasis lyricae epitome chronica ' —
haVD VLLIs CiESAR sVperatVr fortIs ab arMIs. = 1723
At page 104 this cabala follows after several odes on victories
over the Turks in Hungary. ' Epiphonema cabalisticum ' —
Odrysia ensiferas objectat Luna phalanges,
634 326 270 261 232
Experta invictam Caesaris ista manum.
551 392 279 200 301
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 108 this chronogram precedes an ode and some other
verses on the emperor's success against the Turks —
In ConstantIa, et fortItVDIne VICtorIosIssIMVs. = 1723
CHARLES VL EMPEROR.
201
Another, at page 121 —
VICtorIa, et trIVMphVs De tVrCa. = 1723
And at page 144 a poem on the same subject concludes
thus —
Vestrum hoc augurium, vestro est in Numine Caesar Austriacus,
Fortuna Ejus, Constantia Fortis
VenIt, VIDIt, VICIt InIMICos; = 1723
Indfe jam
DoMVI, aC throno ILLIVs paX. = 1723
L. 3 Regum ii. 33. (English version, 1 Kings ii. 33.)
Epiphonema Cabalisticum.
Ingestas Martis flammas compescuit undis
342 310 178 550 343
Pacta Europaeis sic data pax populis.
165 500 102 106 361 489
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 148 this chronogram precedes an ode about the Castalian
fountain —
VI a regIa sapIentLe ) =
a reCta non DeVIat seMIta In anfraCtIbVs. j ' 3
Another at page 150 —
Vt terso In speCVLo prVDentIa spLenDet In VnDa. = 1723
At page 163 another ode, on the emperor's wisdom, concludes
with this ' Epiphonema cabalisticum' —
Largifluum stillando replet sapientia Fontem
573. 334 270 315 231
Amplifica est terrfe, quod fluit ind&, salus.
139 *95 271 324 335 58 401
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 165 this chronogram precedes an inscription on a fountain,
'Fonssignatus' —
It& certfe
arCana CasarIs CaroLI ConsILIa I
fortItVDIne, et ConstantIA sVnt CVstoDIta. j "" I'2^
Another chronogram, at page 167, precedes some verses—
feLIX sVb rosa fronDet ConsILIVM. = 1723
At page 170, an ode entitled (Plenior Hippocrenes influxus in
concham Fontis symbolici,' concludes with this 'Epiphonema
cabalisticum,' alluding to the ( Fons signatus ' —
Qu&m bene Apollineum signat custodia Fontem :
301 52 435 247 457 231
Est princeps populi scire tacere salus.
195 347 399 187 194 401
Each verse makes 1723
2C
202 CHARLES VI. EMPEROR.
At page 174 the Fons sacer coronate pietatis (of the Emperor) is
followed by an ode to him, headed by this chronogram —
In ConstantIa, atqVe fortItVDIne prInCeps pIIssIMVs. = 1723
And a long eulogistic poem concludes with this ( Epiphonema
cabalisticum,' at page 195 —
Irriguo emanant Pietatis Fonte triumphi
435 2I7 374 201 496
Quos compugnando Turcia victa dedit.
410 43s 393 3^3 "*
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 197 the Fons Carolina clementiae is supposed to bear an
inscription containing these words —
Meminit se esse Principem, et prop& Patrem
Dum urget
IVDICIs offICIVM est IVstItIa. = 1723
And this line, adapted from Virgil, Georg. ii. 243 —
fLVIt DVLCIs De fontIbVs VnDa. = 1723
[This is an adaptation of the words of Virgil ; he is speaking
of the treatment of a poor soil imbued with salt, and proceeds
thus—
1 Hue ager ille malus, dulcesque a fontibus undae
Ad plenum calcentur,' etc
i.e. * Hither let some of that vicious mould, and sweet water from the
spring be pressed brimful] etc.]
At page 198 the Fons dulcis coronate Clementiae (of the
Emperor) is made the subject of some flattering remarks, conclud-
ing thus —
Sic
VIVa fLVIt De fortI DVLCeDo, = 1723
et
CONSTANS CLEMENTlA CAROL! SEXtI CiESARlS ) __ .
neCtareI sVperat offICIa fontIs. j "" x^23
And at page 202 an ode on the same subject concludes thus —
Sic clemens Carolus Sextus micat Unus in omni,
versibus ergo tuis
pLVres noLo Canas CaroLos: seD DICIto phcebe
VnICVs est CaroLVs. = 1723
An ode to the clemency, constancy, and fortitude of the
Emperor ends at page 207 with this ' Epiphonema cabalisticum ' —
Si blanda exaequat Superis Clementia Regem
99 68 682 534 213 127
Belliger in terris Jupiter est Carolus.
148 49 364 523 195
Each verse makes 1723.
CHARLES VI. EMPEROR. 203
At page 209 the Fons inexhaustus coronate munificentiae (of the
Emperor) is followed by odes, headed by these chronograms, at pp.
212, 213 —
granDIs regVM thesaVrVs feLICItat popVLos. = 1723
In MVnIfICentIa prInCIpIs fVnDatVr orbIs. = 1723
And at the conclusion is this ( Epiphonema cabalisticum ' —
Omnigenas effundit opes, superaddit Honores
272 370 205 ss3 323
Omnino est Carolus non nisi Munificus.
219 195 444 130 148 587
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 215 the Fons libratus coronate Justitiae (of the Emperor)
is followed by a lyric poem headed thus —
REGlA CiESARlS ASTRjEA ) _
Dat CVIqVe sWM. /- *'23
At page 218 there is a Latin oration of ten pages, commencing
thus —
carolvs vi.
In ConstantIa, et In fortItVDIne Cjbsar ) _
IVstIssIMVs. J "" I7*3
At page 228 a ' Carmen epicum ' is thus introduced —
IVstItIa sVb LIqVIDo sCheMate fontIs LIbratI. = 1723
And at page 244 a ' Prosa panegyrica y concludes thus, referring
also to Isaiah xii. 4 —
IVDICabIt gentes, et argVet popVLos MVLtos. = 1723
Epiphonema cabalisticum.
Undosum populi Fontem te Carole anhelant
614 399 231 105 159 ^ 215
Effundis Czechiae flumina Justitiae.
360 534 306 523
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 245 the Fons refrigerii Coronata animi moderatio (of the
Emperor) is supposed to bear an inscription containing these words
from Seneca de ConsoL ad Marcia, ' Et verb magni Animi est magna
contemnere, ac mediocria malle, qukm nimia; ilia utilia, vitaliaque
sunt, haec eb qubd superfluunt, nocemV
Nimirum
aVrea MeDIoCrItas C^esarI Vt thesaVrVs. = 1723
And at page 247 an ode is thus introduced, having as a refrain to
each stanza the last three words of the chronogram —
LeX Vna CaroLo: ne qVID nIMIs. = 1723
Two pages of eulogistic prose conclude at page 255 with this
( Epiphonema cabalisticum ' —
2o4 CHARLES VI EMPEROR.
Flectit Achillaeum, medio tutissimus, Orbem
243 297 98 918 167
Carolus, et semper culmina summa tenet. -
444 105 270 203 351 250
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 256 the Fons Carolinus, fons salutis publics coronatus,
is described, concluding with these encouraging words, 'Ad hunc
salutis Fontem accurrite fideles populi, quos qualiscunque mali
accessio, aut rerum aegritudo infestat, infallibile hie salutis remedium
reperturi; nam a ConstantIa, et fortItVDIne popVLorVM
saLVs. = 1723
At page 259 a lyric poem is thus introduced —
tVtIor hIsCe saLVs popVLo proManat ab VnDIs. = 1723
The same words form also the concluding line. An ode next
follows, headed thus —
LIMpIDa CaroLInI fontIs
no VI, atqVe VeterIs anaLogIa.
This chronogram makes 1773 ; it agrees with the original ; the
author probably intended it for 1723. At the conclusion is this
1 Epiphonema cabalisticum ' —
Plorandis lassata malis dum regna fatiscunt,
354 303 150 234 133 549
Fert obventuram Fons Carolinus opem.
191 708 186 493 145
Each verse makes 1723.
At page 262 the section devoted to the ' Coronatus Fons gratiarum'
(of the Emperor) has a pretty engraving of the fountain, with this
inscription, adapted from Isaiah lvii. 2, * Thronus gratiarum ' —
'tanqVaM fons, CVIVs non DefICIent aqVjb.' = 1723
And at page 264 an ode in Sapphic verse is introduced by this
couplet —
gratIa reDDenDa est fontI, eX qVo gratIa CVnCta est.= 1723
bIs CentVM CharItes eXpetIt Vna Dvas. = 1723
A note interprets the last word as * Gemina Augustiss. Majestas.'
This chronogram is at the conclusion of the last stanza of the ode —
Gratis Fontem redimite sertis
Floreis Gentes, mtminisse par est
Gratia, dum par nequit ulla reddi
Gratia Fonti,
qVI IVsta sVI DesIDerIa ) _
et In orIente aCCenDIt. J "" I723
We now reach the conclusion of this very remarkable work. At
page 281 there is a Carmen Seculare, Sapphic verse, by which the
Bohemian Society of Jesuits crowns the unexhausted Fountain of
Graces to their Majesties Charles and Elizabeth. It contains no
chronogram, and concludes with these words —
r
CHARLES VL EMPEROR.
Epiphonema Cabalisticum
Accidimus Fonti : sacra Ilium Vota coronant ;
349. ^ 205 175 279 351 364
Ctim mens inferior plura referre nequit.
233 165 279 361 261 424
Dii tribuant grates, derivent munera caeli !
22 ^ 532 283 443 356 87
Austriacae augmqitent Pignora mille Domds !
490 528 247 84 374
Summa singulorum versuum : 1723.
Nondum Finis.
totVs EVROPiE MVnDVs panegyrICos sCrIpserIt:
CaroLI, et eLIsabeth^e
MagnItVDInIs aVgVstve
non erIt fInIs.
205
}■
1723
1723
1
miNL
$*<r!%
GERMAN DUKES AND LANDGRAVES.
DUKE OF BAVARIA.
SMALL quarto volume of congratulations (British
Museum, press-mark 637. d. 15). The first con-
gratulation is in German and Latin, adorned with
emblems nicely engraved, and bears this title —
'AURORA EXORTA,'
etc etc
addressed to Ferdinand, Duke of Bavaria, and Adelaide Henrieta
his wife, on the birth of the Princess Maria Anna Christina Josepha
Theresia Cajetana Antonia Francisca Felix Hyacinta Victoria.
(Felicissime progenita).
Anno quo
gratIa De CceLIs boIas ManaVIt In oras. =. 1660
i.e. Grace from heaven hath spread into the Bohemian territory.
The author's name is Dominicus Franciscus Calin.
Monachii, Typis Lucae Straubii.
On page 18, the last of this congratulation, is this chronogram —
sIt honor
Deo trIno et Vno
In V= 1660
CceLIs et In terra
aMen.
i.e. Honour be to the Triune God both in heaven and in earth. Amen.
1 hen follows another congratulation in Latin prose called the
' Rising Sun,1 addressed to the same Duke Ferdinand and Adelaide
on the birth of their son Maximilian EmanueL It was printed at
Munich in 1662 ; it is adorned with a series of elaborately engraved
emblems ; the title commences —
'SOL ORIENS.'
etc. etc
An elaborate frontispiece next follows, of which the accompanying
illustration is a facsimile, showing the following chronograms —
DUKE OF BA VAR2A. 207
Maximilianus Emmanuel
raVarjB DoMVs feLICItas. = 1662
CokLI ) tkrrmqVe \ = 1662
gaVDIVM./ DeLICIVM,/ = 1662
sICVt soL orIens MVnDo. = 1662
aVIta seDIs CoLVMen. = 1662
proMIssVs a Deo eLeCtor baVarLe. = 1662
i.e. Maximilian-Emmanuel, the happiness of the house of Bavaria. —
The joy of heaven. — And the delight of the earth.— fust as a sun rising
in the world. — The column of his ancestral throne. — Elector of Bavaria,
a promise from God.
The text which accompanies each emblem is finished off by a
sentence ending with some appropriate chronogrammatic words.
The first emblematical engraving contains the sun ; the text con-
cludes thus —
Quapropter tu a nobis VerI soL MagnVs DICerIs. = 1662
i.c Wherefore thou shall be called by us truly a great sun.
A mere description would not set forth satisfactorily some of the
emblems, nothing less than a facsimile copy and a transcript of a
whole page of text would suffice ; I can only notice the chronograms
here, and some of the accompanying words to complete the sentence.
The next one concludes thus —
Liceat ergo tuis cunis, princeps serenissime, applaudere, dum prselu-
dentia tuae nostrseque felicitati De CceLIs Manant aVgVrIa. = 1662
i.e. May it be permitted therefore to applaud thy cradle, O most serene
prince, whilst preluding auguries proceed from heaven.
The next emblem is a cedar tree — Sicut cedrus Libani multipli-
cabitur baVarIG* DoMVs propago et gLorIa. = 1662
i.e. As a cedar of Zibanus the offspring and glory of the house of Bavaria
will be multiplied
The text belonging to the next emblem concludes thus —
Hinc nos extremi superfusi laetitia, hoc Lemma tuis inscribimus aris,
Tarde quidem, sed prudenter optatos PATRliE Dat aDeLaIDa
frVCtVs. = 1662
i.e. Hence being overwhelmed with extreme joy, we inscribe on thine altar
this motto, {Heaven) slowly indeed but prudently gives the wishedfor
fruits of Adelaide to the country.
The next emblem represents Pegasus on a rock, which he strikes
with his foot, and causes a copious fountain of water to gush forth
over an assemblage of ten figures seated at the base ; intended for
Apollo and the Muses at the fountain of Helicon. Fave proinde
serenissime princeps Heliconio Fonti, qui, ut tuis se devoveant
auspiciis, ad tuas cunas nVnC pLenIs proManat VnDIs. = 1662
U. Bifavourable, accordingly, O most serene prince, to the fountain of
Helicon, as they {the Muses) devote themselves to thy auspices, they now
bedew thy cradle with its abundant waters.
208 DUKE OF BA VARIA.
The next emblem is the wooden hone at Troy —
Auspice Maximiliano baVarICa DoMVs fLorebIt. = 1662
i.e. Maximilian being the leader, the house of Bavaria shall flourish.
The next concludes with — Tui populi applausu et laetitia exclamant
io, io ! tanDeM spes pVbLICa VenIt. = 1662
i.e. Thy people exclaim with applause and joy, Huzza, Huzza, at last
the public hope cometh.
The next concludes thus — Vivat Maximilianus Emmanuel invictus
fidei catholics propugnator, et gerMaNjE LIbertatIs aCer et
strenWs Defensor, = 1662
i.e. Long live Maximilian-Emmanuel, the invincible defender of the
catholic faith, and the vehement and strenuous champion of German
liberty.
The next emblem is supposed to represent the way of virtue. The
concluding words are — Feliciter, feliciter, princeps serenissime,
scandes virtutis fastigium; immensumque tibi aliquando facies
perpetV« LaVDIs apICeM. = 1662
i.e. Happily, happily, O most serene prince, thou climbest the pinnacle of
virtue; thou wilt at length appropriate to thyself the boundless summit
of eternal praise.
The next emblem represents the youthful prince asleep in an open
country at sunset, a bright star darts its ray of light down upon him.
The concluding words are — Splende, 6 splende igitur optatissime
Bavaricae domfts Sol nobis diutissimfe ; et benigno CLeMentIjE tVm
SYDERE PATRlOS TVERE PENATES. =1662
i.e. Shine, shine therefore upon us for the very longest time, O thou j
wishedfor sun of the house of Bavaria ; and do thou defend our \
country and our homes by the friendly star of thy clemency.
The next concludes thus — Cresce itaque augusto ex sanguine '
prognate surcule, serenissime princeps Maximiliane Emmanuel, tu
gloria, spes et DeCVs baVar« faMILLe. as 1662
i.e. Increase, therefore, thou young branch sprung from majestic blood, ,
O Prince Maximilian-Emmanuel, thou glory, hope, and ornament of the \
Bavarian family /
The last emblem represents Ferdinand showing to his son the
statues of their ancestors arranged in a long double line, and con-
cluding with the chronograms which are on the frontispiece of the
volume, preceded by these words — Vive felicissimfe ad solatium
populi ! Vive, vive serenissime Maximiliane Emmanuel.
Live most happily
to the comfort of thy people /
Live, Live,
most serene Maximilian-Emmanuel.
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK 209
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK AND HIS FAMILY.
A thick folio volume of 585 leaves, numbered consecutively, com-
mencing after the introduction (which consists of about 100
more), making in all about 1370 pages (British Museum, press-mark
837. m. 5). The tide is 'ARBUSTUM VEL ARBORETUM
AUGUST ANiEUM, aeternitati ac domui Augustee Selenianae sacrum,
satum autem et educatum k Martino Gosky, L. Silesio Med. D. et
archiatro, C. PaL C«s. Anno 1650.' Printed at Wolfenbiittel.
There is a frontispiece, an engraved title-page, very many beautiful
large emblematical engravings, portraits, and many smaller emblems.
The purpose of the book is to applaud and congratulate, by prose
and poetry, the Duke Augustus of Brunswick-Liineburg and his two
wives and family, on their marriages and the birth of their children,
to commemorate the birthdays, and to lament the death of members
of the family. It would be difficult adequately to describe the con-
tents. The odes and poems are very numerous, often very figurative,
they are serious, playful, and sometimes jocose ; mostly in the Latin,
sometimes in the German, and less often in the Greek, Hebrew,
French and Italian languages. Anagrams occur everywhere, and
chronograms are abundant It is to the latter feature that I mostly
confine my extracts.
The words of the chronograms are generally appropriate to the
events. Some chronograms, especially in the later pages of the
volume, have reference to that peace for which all kindly-disposed
people in central Europe were sighing throughout the first half of the
seventeenth century, when the country was being harassed and deso-
lated by the successes and disasters of the Thirty Years' War. The
Duke Augustus, it appears, was strenuous in his endeavours to establish
this peace. In some instances the chronograms alone give the date
of the circumstances described or alluded to in the accompanying
text A few of the chronograms are manifestly inaccurate through
misprint or otherwise, and the text does not help to set them right,
through the absence of a date expressed in figures. However, making
allowance for errors, the work is a notable example of the application
of chronograms to biographical history.
On the back of the engraved title-page, the object of the work is
set forth in irregular short lines commencing with these quaint words,
'Lector avide et anxie, morare paululum, et cogita et examina
Arbustum vel Arboretum hoc, quo etiam Serenissimi principis ac
domini Dn Augusti, Ducis Brunovic et Lunaeburgi, vita, poeticfe, et
quidem varia carminis genere, variorum authorum commento et
applausu effingitur et illustratur. Continet enim,' etc. (here follows a
tabular view of the contents of the book, its divisions and sub-divi-
sions). In continuation there is a page of engraved emblems in sixteen
compartments. There is also a copious index of the names of the
persons and places mentioned in the poems, which, as we are told,
are by various authors. An introductory chapter is called ' Idea
2D
2io AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
Arbusti* (the idea or plan of the plantation), a concise biographical
narrative about the Duke Augustus and others of his family, with the
dates of the leading events in his career, including his illnesses, with
references to the poems where they are mentioned; such as — 1579,
10th April, Augustus nascitur. 28th June, renascitur per baptismum.
His going to the universities of Rostock and Tubingen in 1595. In
1597, Dysenterium laborat He visits Italy, Malta, Belgium, London,
etc, in 1603, and returns home in 1604. On 13th October 1607 he
marries Princess Clara Maria of Pomerania, and on 19th February
16 13 she dies. Concerning that event it is remarked, ' Cum autem
spes hominum sunt fallaces, etc, nempe Clara Maria "Dux"
Pomerana decimo sexto concordis conjugii anno, bis tamen immaturo
fcetu edito, pife et placidfe occumbit, et somnum capit suavissimum,
nuncque in Domini sui gremio molliter recumbens, laborem per-
mutat,' etc etc On 26th October 1623, he marries again, Princess
Christiana of Anhalt The dates of the birth of their children are
mentioned. In January and February 1642 there were some severe
storms, ' horrenda et portentosa tonitrua et fulgetra cum grandine
nivosa audita et visa.' All these events, and many more, are men-
tioned in the poems, with many a chronogram to mark the date.
In the ' Idea Arbusti/ the repairs done to the fortress and palace
at Brunswick are indicated by this inscription —
arX atqVe Vrbs gVeLphICa DeI aVXILIo, et aVgVstI
DVCIs, ConsILIo, post trIstIa et eXItIosa beLLa restItVta
ATQVE RESTAVRATA. as 1 644
There are many pages filled with verses addressed to the author
by various friends. One eulogium bears this date —
eCCe sat eXhaVstI beLLIs sIne paCe frVaMVr 1 6
spes atqVe In nostrIs arX bona ChrIste foCIs. J 4'
(Signed) Johan. Romschedius, P. Caes. et Phonascus.
Some complimentary verses, applicable to the Duke Augustus, are
dated by this aspiration for peace —
Mars atroX Cesset, reDeat paX aVrea, nobIs ) _ , R
VoX et nos tVrbans, trIstIa fata feret. j ~~ x *
And are followed by this chronogram, written by the author, of the
year, day, month, and place of the birth of the Duke —
NASClTVR AVGVSTVS, DVX BRVNOVICENSlS ET LVNiEBVRGlENSlS,
fLos Ingens patrLe Dannenbergjb, LVCe X aprILIs. = 1579
On leaf 1 is this chronogrammatic dedication —
DVCI et patrI
brVnsWICensI et LVn-«bVrgensI
aVgVsto \
plo, fortI, feLICIorI ^= l648
Vera VIrtVtIs et qVIetIs assertorI InsIgnL
LIngVa patrLe VInDICI strenVo :
Anno
Quern numero notavit
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 211
On. leaf 2 some verses addressed to Duke Augustus are
dated—
anno, aVgVsto IVnIorI brVnsVICVM Debet, = 1634
(Signed) Paulus Sperling.
On leaf 43 the following, in the original arranged in short lines
after the fashion of an inscription, mentions the universities at which
the Duke Augustus studied —
VnIVersItas rostoChIana tVbIngensIs et argentoratensIs
In hoC prInCIpe bonI IngenII CrepVsCVLVM notArVnt. = 1597
On leaf 50, verses with this title, 'Adventum in academiam et
bibliothecam Juliam,' conclude thus — Postquam Augustus Dux Br.
et Luneb. peregratione tyrocinium posuisset, talis sub porticu
inscriptio effulgebat ;
ItaLIa sICILIa MeLIta
angLIa, beLgIa, gaLLIa f _ ,
prInCIpIs aVgVstI peregrInantIs
VIrtVtes strenVas Igneas egregIas obstVpVIt.
}■
To the Duke on his return from Vienna on Saint Matthew's day,
the 24th February, in the year
MatthIas Donat qVoVIs pretIosIVs aVro 1 6
pIgnVs Io ! sIC nos et sIne fIne bea. j l **
Another.
soL orItVr CLarA VenIenteM LVCe saLVtat > 6
LVna soror ; rara His, at sCIo, Vera Latent. J "~ l 3*
(Signed) Paulus Sperling.
On leaf 51 some applauding verses are dated — Anno
Cte pLVIt totA; pepVLIt CIto nVbILa A"
prInCIpIs aVgVstI steLLa benIgna poLo.
noCte pLVIt totA ; pepVLIt CIto nVbILa Mane 1 6
On leaf 53 v. the title-page of the group of verses which occupy
the next fourteen pages, combined with nicely engraved emblems, all
in praise of the Duke, contains this chronogram —
et fortVnA et heroICIs VIrtVtIbVs parentis VestrI
gratIosIorIs hoDIe, Ita et perpetV6 frVIMInI. = 1649
The arrangement of a sentence in the form of a square, capable
of being read a great many times over (perhaps several hundreds) in
all directions, was a favourite device in applauses. There are several
examples in the book now under notice, but only one in chrono-
gram, which the reader will see on the next page.
A group of epigrams contains, on leaf 58, the following ' eteosti-
chon ' on the Duke's motto, ' expends singula,' which has been the
theme of some preceding verses and epigrams. The square can be
read in every direction, commencing with the' large central letter A.
The words are, aVgVstVs prInCeps eXpenDIt sIngVLa reCt*.
212 AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
The last two words are at the corners ; those on the left hand must
be read backwards —
etCer aLVgnIs sIngVLa RECrk.
tIDnepXespeCnCepseXpenD It
I D n epXespeCn I nCepseXpe nDI
DnepXespeCnIrInCepseXpenD
ne pXespeCnIrprInCepseXpen
e pXespeCnI rpsprInCep seXpb
pXespeCnIrpsVsprInCeps eXp
Xe speCnIrpsVtVs prInCep s eX
kspeCnIrpsVtstVsprInCepse
s peCnIrpsVtsVstVsprInCeps
p eCnIrpsVtsVgVstVsprInCep
e C nIrpsVtsVgVgVs tVspr I nCe
C n IrpsVtsVg V Av gVstVsprInC
e CnIrpsVtsVgVgVstVspr InCe
p ECnIrpsVtsVgVstVsprInCep
s peCnIrpsVtsVstVsprInCeps
e s peCnIrpsVtstVsprInCep s e
X e speCnIrp sVtVsprInCeps eX
p XespeCnIrpsVsprInCepseXp
e pXespeCnIrpsprInCepseXpe
n e pXespeCn IrprInCep s eXp en
D n epXespeCnIrInCe ps eXpe nD
I DnepXespeCnInCepseXpenDI
t IDnepXe speCnCeps eXp enDI t
etCer aLVgnIs sIngVLa reCtL
qVID? LaCtat CVnCtos In pIetate pIos.
There is no explanation of this. The words of the square, together
with the line which follows it, are a chronogram of the year 1647, when
the Duke seems to have exercised good judgment about some public
benefaction.
On leaf 62, among some congratulation poems, etc., on the mar-
riage in 1607 of the Duke Augustus with Clara Maria, Duchess of
Pomerania, etc., the widow of Sigismund Augustus, Duke of Mecklen-
burg, this chronogram occurs —
aVgVsto eX poMeranA gente VXor VIrtVtIbVs fLorens
DesponsatVr. = 1607
On leaf 71 v., a madrigal in French, on the portrait of the Duchess
of Brunswick and Luneburg,is thus subscribed — Tertium matrimonium
exprimebatur hie chronographs
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 213
}■
sophIa sLIsabetha pIa et egregIa
MegapoLItana prInCeps \ = 1635
aVgVsto ConIVgaLI VInCVLo soCIata.
This lady, the Princess Sophia Elizabeth of Mecklenburg, was the
third wife of Duke Augustus; they were married on the 13th July 1631.
On leaf 101 v. congratulation verses to Prince Rudolph-Augustus
are thus dated — Calendis Januarii, Anno
paX sIet Vt, ChrIste o eXaVDI Vota tVorVM. = 1648
On leaf 1 1 1 the birth of the third son of Duke Augustus, Antonius
Udalricus, is applauded — Anno
prInCeps fVerat VIDWs per seX septIManas. = 1633
Vel
Infensos hostes IVsto prosterne fVrore 1 6
o DeVs et paCeM sVggere qV/eso tVTs. J I 33
(Signed) Gosky.
a On leaf 140 the birth of a son of Duke Augustus and Sophia
Elizabeth, Ferdinand Albert, is applauded — Anno
ferDInanDVs aLbertVs DVX brVn. et LVNiEB. = 1636
On leaf 141 v. their daughter Maria Elizabeth is mentioned as being
bom, and born again in baptism, at Brunswick, on 27th January 1638.
Some applauding verses are followed by this chronogram, formed on
the words of the prophet Amos (v. 13), * Therefore the prudent shall
keep silence in that time ; for it is an evil time' —
WeIL eIn kLVgbr ChrIst MVst gantz stoCk stILL
sCWeIgen, 1st eIn reChte b6se zeIt. = 1638
i.e. Because a prudent Christian must altogether keep silence, it is a
right bad time.
On leaf 144 the birth of another son, Christian-Francis, is thus
dated — Calend. Augusti hori intra 4 and 5 maturing auspicatb natus,
et ex aqua et spiritu 29 Septemb. . . . renatus esset . . . Anno «r®
Christianas
qVo fVIt aVgVstI LatVM post nVbILa sIDVs. = 1639
And on leaf 158 the Duke is congratulated on the event by
verses thus dated — Anno aVgVstI DVCIs brVnsWICensIs et
LVnabVrgensIs fILIVs brVnsWIgje saCro LaVaCro
beabItVr DeVs Vortat benI. = 1639
Devoto et summissimo animo sic ad
cunas canebat, Martin Gosky.
On leaf 161 v. this couplet occurs, after a group of verses —
erogo Deo VIgeas aVgVstI DIa propago ) __ 6
et VTreas nobIs fronDIbVs aVCta noVIs. j "" **
(Signed) Martin Gosky.
This concludes the congratulations concerning the Duke's numer-
ous family.
A group of ' Eucharist^,' complimentary verses and odes, com-
mences at leaf 163, addressed to various persons. The following
chronograms occur : —
2i4 AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
On leaf 165 v. some verses are dated —
In prIMA fkrIA aDVentVs nostrI ChrIstL = 1616
On leaf 1 7 1 v. the following occurs, called a ' Distichon Dsedalicum,'
which is previously explained as ' Distichon Daedalicum seu Cubus, ex
quo tarn Hexameter quam pentameter versus, in und e&demque tabuli
legend compluries occurrit' The words, however, are not in this
instance arranged in a square or labyrinth, only as follows —
Magna seLene probIs Das o VIr LapsVs ab aXe = 1622
o bene ! tV MVLtos VIVe seLene DIes. = 1622
This name ' Selenus ' is a pseudonym of Augustus n. Duke of
Brunswick-Liineburg, who was a noted student and writer on the
subject of shorthand and secret writing (see my previous book on
Chronograms, 1882, p. 230). He is eulogised in the part of the work
now under notice, in poems very characteristic of his own manner of
composition. The word ' Seleniana ' occurs in the title-page. Vide
ante, p. 209.
On leaf 175, in the same group, an ode is preceded by this date —
Anno
en LIbro harMonIas WLgat tIbI brVnsVIgIVs DVX, = 1646
vel
VItje ConCorDans qVm aVgVsto a prInCIpe IVnCta \ _ , ^
DIVIna ChrIstI nasCItVr hIstorIa. j "" °4°
Pro iterate editione Harmonias Evangelicae Augustas. Here follows
an ode, and these chronograms at the end —
Anno
en ConCorDIs eVangeLII DVX gVeLpherbItVs (sic) ) 6 6
ConsCrIptIs LIbrIs nobILe fInIt opVs. j 4
Vel Anno quo
harMonIa aVgVstI proDIt perfeCtIor : ergo )
aVgVsto ferte gratIas > as 1646
annos VoVete aVgVstI. )
(Signed) Johan. Valent Andreas. Theol. D.
Another ode to Duke Augustus concludes, on leaf 182 v., with this
date — Anno
JoVa faC Vt Cessent VenIente qVIete tVMVLtVs ) = 6 «
beLLI, et gratIfICo qVILIbet ore Canat. J 4
Also
LaVs DeCVs atqVe tIbI VenIat pIe gratIa JoVa, ) l
en fVgIente, bona est Marte qVIete frVI. j
Also
aVfVgIto, atroX Mars, aDsIt saCra paXqVe qVIesqVe ss 1648
paX Io, paX Data Io, Vt nVnC fVIt, arMa rVVnt. = 1648
1 This chronogram makes 1699 ; it is manifestly a wrong date ; the author does not
notice it in his • errata.'
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 215
On a page opposite to an engraving having a page No. 216, there
are some laudatory verses on the entry of Duke Augustus into Bruns-
wick, with this date — viii Septembris, Anno
gLorIa In nVbIbVs Deo, paX six In terrIs ) 6
hoMInIbVs bona VoLVntas. J ^
These words, with very slight variations, have been frequently
used for a chronogram. The same chronogram is quoted from
another work by Gosky in my former book on Chronograms^ p. 295.
At leaf 218 and following, there are some 'Dsedalean distichs' or
cubes (i.e. sentences arranged in the form of a cube), such as that
which I have printed at page 212, ante. As these, however, are not
chronograms, I pass them over.
On leaf 221 v., among the ' Epinicia,' is this chronogram —
Annus erit memorialis.
arX atqVe Vrbs gVeLphICa
DeI aVXILIo et aVgVstI DVCIs
ConsILIo y= 1643
post trIstIa et eXItIosa beLLa
restItVta atqVe restaVrata.
Apollo igitur ad Cytharae suae sonum suaviter modulatur, etc.
On leaf 252 this * chronodistichon ' is at the conclusion of some
laudatory verses —
ChrIste DIV eXoptatA hAC Da nos paCe frVIsCI : 1 6
Vtpote qVjE CVnCtas aVrea PRfiSTET opes. j **
The leaf 254 v. is filled with a star of eight rays, each consisting of
an hexameter and pentameter couplet, sixteen lines in all. The title
is, ' Stella pacis aurea.' In the centre of the star is this chronogram,
the words being arranged in a ring —
LVX VobIs reDeat, reDeat paX aVrea Chara. ) x
aDsIt qVIes et aVrea. ]
and beneath all, Anno
ah MartIs Densas propeLLe jehoVa tenebras \ 6
faX absIt qVIsqVIs optat InIqVa pIVs: ) l *2
LVCeat hIs Contra bona steLLVLa paCIs In orIs
}■
eXaVDI pIa sVspIrIa sanCte DeVs.
I = J642
On leaf 255 v. some verses in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and German
are dated — Anno quo
CVM IoVe se torVI ConIVngIt steLLa satVrnI, ) 6
neC non eVIgenIs fata noVeLLa CanIt. j ~~ *$
Humillimo affectu oblate, a
(Signed) M. Johanne Tzschoppelio, Chemn. Misn. Paro.
1 This chronogram most be wrong. The first line makes 1 186, the second 512; the
total 1698. The author does not notice it in his ' errata.'
216 A UGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
On leaf 257 v. a long ode is dated — Anno
DVX pIVs aVgVstVs patrLe DeDIt oCIa tVta. = 1644
On leaf 284 a laudatory poem on the occasion of a religious cere-
mony at Brunswick, has at the end this date — Anno quo
harMonIa aVgVstI proDIt perfeCtIor : ergo \
aVgVsto ferte gratIas >= 1 64 1
annos foVete aVgVstI. j
Four fine engravings accompany this 'plausus,' representing a
stately church, with a procession of the visit of Duke Augustus, the
ceremony within, and a fine representation of the tower and spire. This
concludes the 'Epicedia.' Then follow 'Neniae seu Epicedia* on the
death of various members of the family. That one on the death of
Clara Maria, the wife of Duke Augustus, has an emblematical engrav-
ing, in which, among the accessories, there is a crown with the sceptre
erect and the motto ' Hodie rex,' and the same device reversed with
the motto * Cras nex.' On leaf 290 there are these verses in which
she speaks —
Bis noVIes soL ortVs erat LVCe eCCe seqVente 1 6
ASSERTA iETHEREO EST CLARA MarIa POLO. J 3
Clara Maria vocor. conjux ego namque duobus
Adfulsi Augustis Clara utrobique viris :
Corporis exuviis positis nunc tertia Christi
Clareo sponsa, jugi qui mihi Phoebus erat,
Magna Urbs, et cum Castro splendida Luna valete
En solis radiis Clara corusco mei.
On leaf 291 v. there is this chronogram on the year, month, and
day of her death, the 19th February 1623 —
soL febrVarIo erat bIs nonVs: et eCCe seqVente
LVCE POLO ASSERTA EST CLARA MarIa : SAT EST.
And this distich : the first line gives the day, the second the year
of her death —
febrVa bIs noVIes en proterIre: seqVentI = 19
* VIXI aC LVCe C0L0 CLara MarIa poLos. = 1623
On leaf 295, verses composed for the epitaph of Henry Augustus,
Duke of Brunswick, who was born in 1625 and died in 1627. He
was the son of Duke Augustus, junior, and Dorothea.
Hie cubat Henricus princeps Augustus in urn&,
Principis Augusti nobilis effigies.
Dorothea octavo peperit quern mater Aprilis
VICeno In MeDIIs Vesper VbI ortVs erat. = 1625
Rem tristem. Hunc noni mensis triateridis auras
trICenas VIDet Vt, trVX fera Morta notat. = 1627
Hinc genitor, genitrix, frater fient, Jova tuere hos,
Illorum que auge pro bonitate genus.
On leaf 297, the epitaph and various verses on the death of this
Dorothea of Anhalt is followed by this date— Titulus chronographicus
I = 1623
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 217
!'
}■
Dorothea ILLVstrIs anhaLtIna prInCeps
seCVnDIs nVptIIs aVgVsto soCIata % _ ,
fILIos et fILIas enIXa est VI. ;►- 1022
obIIt VtIqVe pVerpera.1
And 011 leaf 308 there is this date at the conclusion of the poems
concerning her — Anno
Dorothea anhaLtIna prInCeps
et heroIna VIrtVte ILLVstrIs 1 _ ,
seCVnDIs nVptIIs soCIata aVgVsto r "" I024
fILIos III et fILIas enIXa est III. obIIt
pIa pVerpera.1
On leaf 315 the death of Prince Christian Francis before men-
tioned is thus dated —
AVGVSTl ET SOPHliE ChrIstIan de sangVIne natVs ) 2
franCIsCVs, ChrIstI Mense teneLLVs obIt. j
Another, on leaf 341 — Anno
DVX ChrIstIan franz BRVNsWlGiE MorItVr. = 1639
At leaf 345 a group of poems commences, under the title ' Strenae,'
(gifts or presents of good omen), addressed to the Duke Augustus and
others of his family, ' olim et nunc' The introduction, on leaf 346 v.,
concludes thus — Anno
aLMVs aDIVtor aVgVsto aVgVstaLe asserVat. = 1636
An alliterative poem of thirty-four hexameter lines, every word
commencing with the letter a, next follows.
At leaf 348, 348 v. These chronograms are associated with
verses —
fLoreat aVgVstVs Long£ DVX optIMVs opto. = 1636
Eteostichon Eucharisticon et Ev<f>rjfiiKov.
Verba saCrata sonent, VIreant et seMIna pVra ) = ,,
et fVgIat ratIo traDItIoqVe rVat. j 3
Eteosticha Eueharistica et Euphemica
strena loco humillime oblata.
teMpLa sChoLjE aC arjE fLorent, ager VrbsqVe preCatVr : ) _ ,
aVgVstVs tVtor seCLa beatVs agat. j 4
Encomium.
hVI prInCeps bonVs hIC, CVRiE ILLI Verba saCrata ) _ 6
sVbDIta gens regIo, reLLIgIoqVe DeI. J 4
At leaf 349 is the following — 'Anno xli. Christo annuente De
anni Novi auspicio felicissimo, et de rectoris in academii Julid
secundum oblato honore et officio magnificentissimo : Ut et de anno
1 These two chronograms seem to be wrong. It appears elsewhere in three places in
the text that she died in 1634. Born in 1607. Married 19th February 1623.
* This chronogram is intended for 1639 ; as it stands it makes 1539. The letter D is
not printed as a numeral ; but if it were counted, the chronogram would make 2039, which
is manifestly wrong.
2 E
1641
218 AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
fatali et climacterico magno (quern ingredietur hoc ipso tertio et
sexagesimo 4 Id. Aprilis), superstitiosissimo et celebratissimo : In ari
memorise et gloriae, Thus hoc votivum libat et litat' The last eight
lines are as follows, the whole being addressed to the Duke Augustus
on entering his sixty-third year, the grand climacteric —
paCe nIhIL MeLIVs : beLLoqVe noCentIVs est nIL ) 6
BELLA ABEANT : ESTO PAX, PATRIjE Vna saLVs. J 4
Fulmina pcenarum et cessent, Martisque famisque
Et Mortis cessent fulmina dira tria :
annVs sIt feLIX, faLLaX beLLona fatIsCat
Cesset pestILItas, Cesset VbIqVe faMes.
Anno
ah proprIA saLteM si DVX habItasset In Vrbe ) _ 6
patrIa saLVa foret, paX et In orbe foret. / 4
(Signed) Martin tiosky, D. et Archiater.
On leaf 355 there is a fanciful composition called * Pentastichus
Cancrinus obliquus Encomiasticus seu sticho-dilectus Cum voto
ordinis/ etc., addressed to the Duke Augustus on his attaining the
age of 63. At the conclusion is this date — Anno
bLeIb beII Vns herr zV IeDer frIst ) _ ,
WeIL es nVn abenD WorDen 1st.1 ) ~ I042
On leaf 360 there is a poem containing a curious acrostic, followed
by this date — Anno
Da DeVs Ista saLVs terrIs sIt proprIa nostrIs
et qVje hIC nos CrVCIant noXIa peLLe proCVL.
On leaf 362 commences a poem with this title —
Anno xlv.
Ettos
Gratulatorium et Xenion
Sacrum votivum
pro felici ingressu, feliciori progressu felicissimo egressu
Anni Epochs Christianas
aVLas qVI CoeLI CVM terreno orbe CreastI, ) _ fi
hoC anno nos reX ChrIste tVere, IWa. j l *$
Cultu devotissimo Vulta subjectissimo oblatum
Ex illo Proverbio.
g$ tji anber £>tng»
} = 1643
On leaf 366, a poem to Duke Augustus concludes with this date —
Anno
orbes qVI CceLI atqVe soLI CVM patre CreastI 1 fi fi
hoC anno nos reX ChrIste tVere IWa. j "" l 4
1 These words are evidently adapted from St. Luke xxiv. 29. See my former work on
Chronograms, 1882, p. 529, chron. 0.
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 219
On leaf 369 are these verses to the Duke Augustus, alluding to
the calends of January and his own ' last calends ' —
Felices tibi Principes Calendar
Sint Princeps, ut et ultimae Calendar
Hoc anno : quod erit novis Calendis
Et ratum : esto et in ultimas Calendas
Anno
paCe nIhIL MeLIVs beLLoqVe noCentIVs est nIL, ) 6 6
beLLa abeant, VenIat paX bona, tVta saLVs. / I 4
(Signed) Rudolphus Augustus Gosky.
On leaf 371 is the following —
Anni do cxlvii (sic)
Strena debita humillima Eteosticho expressa,
AVGVSTO HEROl PRO STRENA CoMPRECOR, Vt qVm (Heroic.) }
C(EPTA GENEROSk PROFERAT SOLICItVs (Iamb.) I x
IN CHRlSTO lESV GLORlOSk FlNlAT (Trochaic.) t
ITA FlAT, FlAT. (Anapcst)J
Ita optat et precatur
Johan. Valentin. Andrese
SS. Th. D. et Seren. k.Consil. Eccles.
On leaf 375. Melismata strense loco humillimo affectu consecrata
et oblata Calendis Januarii, Anno
fLore DVX aVgVste Leo preMe VIrIbVs VngVeIs. = 1648
(Signed) M. Henning. Biderman.
On leaf 378 v. and 379, are the following couplets, intended for
the Duke Augustus. ' Eteonomastica exactfe Uteris numeralibus
annum novum signantia.'
faC DeVs, hoC anno Cessent Vt beLLa CrVenta ) = 6 «
paXqVe reDVX portet prInCIpI^ ab ^there opes. J 4
(Signed) Rudolphus Augustus Gosky.
IVstItIa aC pIetas VALIDiE sVnt prInCIpIs arCes: ) = 6 g
seCVLa faC DeVs Vt perpetVa has foVeant. j 4
(Signed) Anthonius Udalricus Gosky.
The next congratulation is for the year 1649 —
sIt pater, et fILI, sIt LaVs tIbI spIrItVs aLMe. ) 6
nVnC In CVnCta tVa et seCLa fVtVra noVa. J 49
Vota metrica strenae loco
humillimo affectu consecrata et prsesentata.
(Signed) Gosky.
1 This chronogram makes 1642 ; according to the text it should make 1647. The author
does not notice this discrepancy in his errata.
220 AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
The group of 'Strenae ' poems on the year of Jubilee ends thus at
leaf 387 v. —
Calendis Januarii Anni
qVo paX, Vt sVrgens bona LVX, rata MVnera DVpLet! = 1650
On leaf 389 commences a group of poems and birthday odes
addressed to the Duke Augustus, under this title, ' Encaenia, more
veterum et majorum, non Stalagmia, Monilia, Phialas, Trabeas,
Murenulas, aut Dactyliothecas, non Toreumata et simulachra vermicu-
lata, aut daedala alia opera, gemmarum, argenti et auri : non exquisita
mensae iogenia et struices patinarias : Sed tacito labello suspendo et
introrsum sub linguam murmuror, Favente Deo, Applaudente choro,
Ovante foro, Exultanteque thoro,
Augusti, Ducis Brunovici,' etc etc
This is followed by an engraving, representing the Duke and his
family at a feast out of doors under an emblematical tree, with the
motto ' Natalis diei Memorial There are but few chronograms ; the
poetry is very fancifuL
On leaf 395, a birthday ode has at the end this motto — Anno
gLorIa In nVbIbVs Deo, paX In terrA hoMInIbVs bona
VoLVntas. = 1 64 1
On leaf 440, an ode in German is dated at the end thus — Anno
DVX br. aVgVstVs aVthor paCIs optIMVs. = 1642
On leaf 452 this couplet occurs — Anno
HERE FLORlFERl LVX NONA VT fVLs
ConfeCtVM LjETjE est nobILe paCIs opVs.
^there fLorIferI LVX nona Vt fVLsIt aprILIs \ ,
\ = 1642
On leaf 468, a group of ' Encaenia,' called * munera natalia,' birth-
day presents, contains this
Chrono Tetrastichon.
Dux Auguste, Dies mox dena recurret Aprilis,
Quae tibi Natalem signet adeste Diem.
DVX aVgVste, DIes eat h<*C tIbI prospera, sospes > _ 6 6
opto DIV VIVas, et pIa fata trahas. J ~~ 4
Ita vovebat devotiss. animo Cels. v. ab intimis sacris Consiliis.
(Signed) Johan Valentin Andreae. Theol. D.
On leaf 478, some birthday verses are dated 9th April —
aVgVste o prInCeps, antIqVI nestorIs, opto, I 6
VIVas Vt seros InnVMerosqVe DIes. j "" x 47
On leaf 487, this couplet to the Duke Augustus, on having com-
pleted his sixty-eighth and commenced his sixty-ninth year, on the
10th April —
bIs qVInta aVrora aprILIs, nataLIs erat qVjE ) 6
aVgVstI heroIs, faVsta, DeVM oro, Vt eat. ] ** 4'
AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 221
On leaf 504 v., some verses to the Duke on reaching his seventieth
year, are dated — Anno quo
paX JesV aDVentet, paX Vt nVnC optIMa VIta est: = 1648
opteM Ita nVnC sIt paX : paX sIt VbIqVe DeVs,1 = 1644
debits gratitudinis devote et submisse porrigebat.
(Signed) Andreas Schwartz, Ecclesiae Schelensis minister.
On leaf 512, the Duke having reached his seventy-first birthday, a
group of verses commences with the title ' Currus fructiferus, etc.,' and
this date at the end thereof— Anno
sIt brVnsWICensI paX o optata LeonI: ^
CVI, VIVat, LVNiE sVbDIta bVrga VoVet. I _ 6
DeXtera eI pIetas: sapIentIa rara sInIstra: t 49
sVbseqVa Carpophore CopIa Lata feret. )
A large and curious engraving next follows representing a proces-
sion ; in the sky the zodiac is represented, Leo (the Lion of Bruns-
wick) occupying the centre, and the rays of the star in his breast
descending on the Duke Augustus, riding in his * fruit-carrying '
chariot; numerous allegorical figures of peace, plenty, etc., form the
procession.
Some miscellaneous poems come next, and among them, on leaf
557 v«i some verses are dated — Anno
fortVna heroICIs VIrtVtIbVs tVIs ) = 6 6
DIgna faVore perpetVVM. J 4
On leaf 564V., a poem of fourteen lines, in which 'the Duke
speaks of himself/ has this chronogram for its last couplet—
beLLVM trIste fVgIt : reDIt at paX aVrea terrIs : ( — 6
JVstItIa et pIetas, or be faVente VIget. J "~ l ^
On leaf 569 v., a short poem to the Duke concludes with this line —
VIVe DIV eX VIrtVte, soLVM genItaLe gVberna. = 1649
And another poem following, commences with this motto —
JesV DVX Vlxffi: fer tV noVa teMpora paCIs. = 1638
The poem contains these lines —
Felici auspicio dicat ingredientis et anni
qVo tanDeM eX tVrbIs nos eXtrahat hIsCe JehoVa = 1638
Cunctaque fausta petita orbi cum pace redonet.
The poem concludes with the following couplet, and the curiously
arranged chronogram of the date 1638, which is designated ' Proteum
Poeticum palindromum,' on the subject of peace long wished for —
absInt beLLa faMes, pestIs VIgeatqVe reDVX paX: = 1638
paX Vt In aVspICIo, MeDIo VtqVe In fIne sIt annL = 1638
The line in the cross-ways of the circle may be read 4 times as a
chronogram, and 24 times in all (See next page.)
1 This chronogram makes only 1644 ; there is probably an error, but the author does
not notice it in his ' corrigenda.'
222 AUGUSTUS DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
IesV DVX VlTiE noVa fer tV teMpora paCIs.
= 1638
paCIs
PORA
teM
/ uioduia)
TV
tempora ^V
/ moduis) m
FER
tu tempora \
/ Biodma) n) jaj
noVa
fer tu tempora \
/ Bjodraa) m &} baou
VlTiE,
nova fer tu tempora \
/ wodraa) iu J3j baou 'a^u
DVX
vitae, nova fer tu tempora \
CO
vaodypx a* **•* vaou 'arxjA XAd
IESV
DVX VlTiE, noVa fer tV teMpora]
\ BJOdmaj 11) J9J BAOU <&)TA
DVX
vitae, nova fer tu tempora 1
\ VJOduid) 11) J3J VAOU
VItje,
nova fer tu tempora /
\ uioduid) m J3J
noVa
fer tu tempora /
\ cjodmd) 11)
• FER
tu tempora /
^^ ^iodma)
TV
teM
PORA
tempora f
paCIs
Pads qua usque comes Spiritualis eat
(Pax maledicta j/7, hanc pacem qua turbat^ itnqud
Vera Ecclesiola condition* tual)
ah DIs neW Iahr, neW frIeDens zeIt
brIng nVn IesV Der ChrIstenheIt.
}= 1638
►♦»
AUGUSTUS WILLIAM, DUKE OF BRUNSWICK. 223
On leaf 577 v. there is a congratulation poem, addressed to
Christian-Lewis, Duke of Brunswick- Liineburg, on 29th January —
Anno
prIncIpI et heroI gratIoso
ChrIstIano LVD0VIC0 DVCI brVnoVICensI et
LVlWEBVRGENSl, PATRl PATRLe.
I-
This remarkable work comes to its conclusion at leaf 585, without
any more chronograms. The last date mentioned is 1650, at some
verses on the jubilee of that year, with the title * Lusus jocoserius.'
The Duke Augustus died in 1666; his son Rudolph- Augustus
succeeded him, who associated his next brother Anthony-Ulric in the
government from 1685 until 1704, when he died. Anthony-Ulric now
ruled alone ; he became a Roman Catholic in 17 10, and died in 1714.
Some medals relating to these Dukes are mentioned in my book on
Chronograms, 1882, page 150.
1649
AUGUSTUS WILLIAM, DUKE OF BRUNSWICK.
A volume of tracts, thirty-four in number, labelled ' Panegyrics,
jfc\^ etc.* (British Museum, press-mark 836. m. 23.) Tract No. 8
describes the illuminations at Jena to celebrate the birthday of
Augustus William, Duke of Brunswick, on 8th March. Among the
decorations and complimentary inscriptions were the three following.
The first chronogram marks the date, 1715, the first anniversary of
his accession ; the second is not explained ; perhaps it relates to his
mother —
VIVat
VIVat
eLIsabetha
InsIgne
orbIs
DeLeCtaMen.
Long live Elizabeth, the great
delight of the world.
1670
aVgVstVs
gVILIeLMVs
dvx y= 1715
aVeLpherbItanVs
PATER
PATRliE.
i.e. Long live William Augustus,
Duke of Wolffenbiittel, the father
of his country.
VIVat
perpetVoqVe VIgeat
aVgVsta
DoMVs brVnsVICensIs >= X7XS
ET
LVnebVrgensIs.
i.e. Long live the august House of Brunswick and Liineburg, and may
it flourish for ever.
224 CARL THEODOR, COUNT PALATINE.
The next two tracts in the volume are, first, a cantata performed
at Jena; and, second, a congratulatory oration spoken at Jena, in
honour of his birthday. They contain no chronograms; nor are
there any in the other tracts in the volume.
CARL THEODOR, COUNT PALATINE.
MEDAL to Charles Theodore, Elector-Palatine, to commemorate
his visit to Heidelberg on 15th August 1746, taken from the
engraving in the vol. for 1851-54 of the Proceedings of the Historical
Society of Middle Franconia, p. xiii. Ob. his portrait. Rev. repre-
sents a lion in the sky, whose body emerges from the sun with rays
in all directions, beneath is a city with a river in front ; another lion
rises from a hill in the background, and stands rampant towards the
first lion. The medal is not explained; it bears this inscription, com-
posed in hexameter and pentameter verse, around the device —
IrraDIat Months CaroLI prjesbntIa nostros ) _ fi
et VeLVt eXorIens phcebVs ab aXe VenIt. j ~~ !M°
t\e. May Charles irradiate cur hills by his presence, even as the rising
sun comes from above.
MM&ftftWgl
LUDWIG, LANDGRAVE OF HESSE.
IT is desirable that I should repeat here what may be seen in my
former book on Chronograms, pp. 125, 126, in order that I may
give a more complete extract from the volume there mentioned, and
bring to notice a somewhat different copy of that rare book. And
first, as to the folio volume in the Lambeth Palace Library (press-
mark 13. c. 10). The engraved title-page represents a handsome
sepulchral monument, with skeletons and emblems of mortality, with
this title in the centre, 'Ehren Gedechtnus dess Durchleuchtigen
Hochgebornen Fursten . . . Ludwigen Landgraven zu Hessen.'
Marpurg, 1626. There are curious engravings of the funeral pageant
of Ludwig Landgrave of Hesse, many pages (from engraved plates)
of complimentary verses enclosed within very pretty floral borders,
genealogical trees, etc., also funeral orations and sermons to his
memory at a later part of the volume.
At page no the members of the University of Marpurg record
their lamentation on the loss of their patron Ludwig, and invoke the
blessing of God on his successor, the Landgrave George, concluding
with this hexameter chronogram —
sCeptra regat faVstVs MoDerante georgIVs aXe. = 1626
i.e. May George reign happily, heaven moderating his rule.
LVDWIG, LANDGRAVE OF HESSE. 225
A funeral sermon, at page 152, by Martinus Helvicus, with the text
1 2 Corinthians, v.,' is preceded by this chronogram couplet, alluding
to the Thirty Years' War— Anno
heV ! passIM VLtrICI terret beLLona fLageLLo, ) _ ^ ^
nos patroCInIo ChrIste tVere tVo ! J
Le. In this year ; Alas! Bellona everywhere terrifies us with an aveng-
ing whip; do thou, O Christ, defend us with thy patronage.
The second part of the volume is dated 12th November 1626, and
has this chronogram at page 153 —
DIspergat reX VIrtVtIs nostros InIMICos. = 1626
Le. May the king of virtue scatter our enemies.
Among the 'grief and groans/ at page 180, is this ' Eteostichon,'
expressing the date of Ludwig^s death, the 27th July 1626, and of his
funeral, the 18th September 1626 —
JVLIVs en noVIes ter CeLso Vt LVXerat aXe, 1 , ,
prInCeps LVDVICVs L^etVs aD astra VenIt. / ~~ I02°
Bis noVIesqVe VbI LVX septeMbrIs fVLserat, eCCe ) _ , ,
prInCIpIs eXWIas, heI, CapIt Vrna LeVIs. / " I0
Le, When July had thrice nine times shone in the lofty sky, Prince Lewis
joyfully went to heaven. — When the light of September had shone twice
nine times, behold the slight urn receives the mortal remains of the prince.
I he other copy, above alluded to, was in the sale of the ' Beck-
ford Library* at Sotheby's in December 1882, lot 1959. It is thus
described in the catalogue (the title being the same as that of the
Lambeth Palace volume), 'Engraved throughout and ornamented
title, coats of arms, full-length portraits of the Landgrave and his
wife, emblem, Landgrave lying in state, his family standing around
the coffin, funeral procession, vault, chapel, genealogical tree, portrait
of George Landgrave of Hesse, and elegant borders, red velvet
binding, gilt edges; folio, Marpurg, 1626. #*# Very scarce;
unknown to Brunet and Grasse.'
This copy contains the same engravings as those in the Lambeth
Palace copy, with the additional one occupying the space of two folio
pages, representing the deceased prince clothed in regal costume
lying in state on his funeral bier; on the reverse side, within an
ornamental funereal border are these chronograms, first the motto
of the Landgrave, showing the year of his death —
In rebVs DVbIIs tVnC tIbI fIDo DeVs. = 1626
Le. In uncertain affairs, then I trust on thee, O God.
Then follow the two couplets given above containing the dates of
his death and funeral, and this additional chronogram couplet —
Annum mortis bis exhibens.
DIsCe MorI In VIta, post fata Vt VIVere possIs, = 1626
HjeC prasens DVbIa est: qV* sVper aXe Manet. = 1626
Le. Learn in life to die, that after death thou mayest be able to live; —
this present life is uncertain, that in heaven above is permamnt.
2F
226
GEORGE IL> LANDGRA VE OF HESSE.
The Lambeth Palace volume contains 490 pages of letterpress
more than the ' Beckford' volume. The latter was sold for £y, 10s.;
the purchaser, without having seen it, was attracted by the catalogue
note #*#. I cannot find a copy in the British Museum, and I know
of none other than the two volumes here noticed.
I possess a volume very similar in character and subject to that
last mentioned. It is a thick folio, containing about 720 pages and
83 plates, describing the funeral of George 11., Landgrave of Hesse,
at Darmstadt in 166 1, and giving the particulars of the funeral pageant,
and the whole of some exceedingly long sermons in German, and
orations in Latin, preached and spoken on the occasion, both there
and at Giessen University. The emblematical engravings are very
curious, with their lugubrious accessories or prettily composed floral
and other borders. The funeral procession must have been incon-
veniently long for those who attended it, it is chiefly interesting now
for depicting the costumes of all classes of persons who were present.
Other engravings represent full-length portraits of several members
of the family in grand costume, and of the deceased Landgrave lying
in state, the sepulchral vault, armorial shields, and genealogical tree.
Altogether the engravings much resemble those in the last-men-
tioned work describing the funeral of Ludwig. The name of the
compiler of the volume, and the author of whatever may be therein
of his own original composition, is Johannes Tackius (or Tacki),
doctor of philosophy and medicine at Hesse-Darmstadt, chief
physician, etc
The work is in two parts, with separate paginations. The first
part contains the preachings, etc., in 480 pages ; the second contains
238 pages of orations, epitaphs, verses, etc ; the latter bears this
title — 'Cedrus, aeternitati nominis et famae serenissimi principis ac
Domini Georgii secundi Hassiae Landgravii principis Hersfeldiae,
etc etc etc Principis dum viveret optimi maximi virtute mentis
gloria, nomine totius academiae Gissensis, inter suspiria et lachrymas
oratione publics, devotissimfe consecrata per Johannem Tackium/
etc etc.
Among the engravings, that which is numbered 40 is a fair example
of the doleful ones, and it is the only one with chronograms, which
appear as if inscribed on a recess cut in a rock. Its character is
likely to be overlooked in glancing over so many engravings, there-
fore I give in the accompanying illustration a facsimile of it somewhat
reduced in size. The inscription is to be read plainly thus —
In symbolum serenissimi principis, secundum voluntatem tuam
Domine.
Chronodistichon.
Annum mundi et Christi continens, in quo serenissimus princeps
obiit
p —
** ^
!\
■
In Symbol urtt ,.
rSE EZNJSS: FRINOHS I N
Secundum Xhhmtatem
tuam DojTiiue* |
CHRONODI.sTJCHOK
\ Annum Hundi tj~- CirrtfU contonaitf-ttiqv0.
VTVb tfkrW flnIM-«*DVlC ■
/4>, Mel.
Atnm raiioNcrDi^TicHpN - \
turn Chritfi in#, iW-ranijfiTiiy''''
ce^y I? Mia* trufu? t tout-
EW*r IMKXMa iprtw trrf& Wh>r iW, I
IAMBI, orouv #tatw Wtpfcfo*,
O- amium aln.hu. a Chrutc
note zan±int7tbef
S**VV» JelwV* CtoroLV* $ ,s >
N*Y*#
io - ii * ia - i ■ a
GEORGE II, LANDGRAVE OF HESSE. 227
}■
5610
1661
3322
VeLLe tWM sIt VeLLe MeVM, DeVs
optIMe, qVare
VIVo tIbI ! Ipse anIMI es DVX
sIne fIne MeI.1 J = 7271
Aliud Chronodistichon.
Annum Christi bis, item, mensem et diem
occubitus indigitans
erg6ne VnDeCIMA, pater et soL noster IVnI, ) 1 66 1
hassIaDVM prInCeps, gLorIa }= 1661
nostra perIt?2
Iambi, annos aetatis completes, et annum obitus,
a Christo nato continentes
SERWS lEHOViE georgIVs ) _ ,
VIXlT BENE, ATQVE VIVIt,8 J "~ 5°
Inter beatos angeLos, ) _ „
DeVMqVe save Cantat. f "" I061
In solstitium aestivale anni 1661.
eCCe ! soLe CVLMInante, )
sIgna CceLI et tosta tenente, >= 1 66 1
noster oh ! prInCeps obIIt.4 J
At page 385 of the first part a preaching with this title —
' Concio exequialis, gehalten von Johann Adolph Riiheln, Definitorn
und Pfarrern zu Rheinheim. m.dclviiiiii.' A funeral oration in
German, in which the speaker wisely brings to the front the
Landgrave Ludwig, the living successor of George. The chronograms
at the head of the discourse decidedly point to him; they follow
immediately after the above curiously expressed date, meaning
1661—
In noMIne DeI; ChrIstI saLVatorIs: = 1661
et regIMIne LVDwICI pII, = 1661
DeI gratIa serenIssIMI nostrI prInCIpIs hassLe ) _ „
et hersfeLdIjS (sic). J
i.c. In the name of God ; and of Christ the Saviour : and in the reign oj
Ludwig the pious, by the grace of God our most serene Prince of Hesse
and Hersfeld.
By correcting some of the errors in the original print, I have made
the second and third chronograms to give the right date. The author
of 'Concio exequialis' concludes at page 399 with the following
1 This chronogram gives both the year of the world and the year of Christ, in which
Landgrave George died. I am unable to decide on the system of chronology by which this
particular date is calculated. It is neither the Jewish 3761, nor the customary one of 4004
years adopted in this country. The total makes 7271 ; therefore, after deducting the date
1 66 1, the remaining figures, 5610, must be taken as the Annus mundi here intended.
1 This makes 3322, or twice the date 1661.
• Of these Iambic verses, the first couplet makes his age, the second the current date.
4 This tells that he died in the summer solstice, which includes the nth June, while the
shadow on the sun-dial below shows the hour of his death.
228 GEORGE II.% LANDGRAVE OF HESSE.
chronograms on the second year of Ludwig's reign, 1662, and intro-
duces his own name in the third line from the end —
Anno Christi mdclwii.
LVgVbres has MeDItatIones saCras, = 1662
serenIssIMa CeLsItVDInI IpsI, = 1662
prInCIpI hassIa et hersfeLtLae prVDentIssIMo == 1662
LanDgraVIo, serenItate pIa, ChrIstIanIssIMo = 1662
DIspensatorI In gratIa prInCIpaLI optVMo, = 1662
Voto Vere fIDeLI ceConoMo. = 1662
LVD0VIC0 Meo gratIoso = 1662
In LaVDato obserVantIjE saCraMento, = 1662
DebILI et trIstI sVbIeCtIone transMItto. = 1662
CorDe, e rheInheM, rUheLIVs : =1662
Mcesta Vestra serenItas et CeLsItVDo = 1662
fLoreat, et faVeat pastorI senIorI InDIgnIssIMo obseCro = 1662
The second part of the work, after giving seventeen sets of
lugubrious and complimentary verses, breaks out in chronograms.
The ode number xviii., at page 181, is as follows —
CARMEN NUMERALE,
quo Serenissimi Principis
Annus obitus comprehenditur,
sangVInIs hassIaCI prInCeps, pr«CeLse geofgI, 361
euge1 neqVIs LethI sVbItas VItare sagIttas? 70
Corporis egregIaqVe statVra, qVI eLoqVIoqVe 179
VIrtVte et pIetate tVA, genIo, et generoso 18
IngenIo, heroas EVROPiE, VInCere qVosVIs 124
es soLItVs; fato en ! ah 1 fVnere raptVs aCerbo es! 166
hassIa nostra fVIt tanto VIX prInCIpe DIgna. 626
ARBlTRlO IVSTO ERG6 STATO VERBOQVE IeHOVjE 24
qVIVIs sVpponat sese : atqVe ob fVnera nostrI 28
heroIs fIgant hassI LVgVbrIa sIgna. 65
-= 1661
ALIUD CARMEN
Diem, Mensem et Annum Mortis continens.
IVnIVs VnDeCIMVs VenIt qVo non sIne trIstI
fato, heros, pater en ! patrlie petit astra georgvs :
REGNA BEATA TENES, APTASQVe tVa OSSA QVlETl.
CHRONODISTICHON, SYMBOLUM
Serenissimi Principis
Cum anno obitus complectens :
oMnIbVs In gestIs fIat DIVIna VoLVntas
2IngentI eVentV, atqVe VtILItate I Wans 1
-= 1661
-= 1661
1 Sic. This line is faulty, because a numeral letter in euge (eVge) is not counted.
* This pentameter verse is remarkable, every word is elided into that which next
follows.
GEORGE IIn LANDGRAVE OF HESSE. 229
The next set of verses at page 182, and numbered xix., are in a
more cheerful style. They congratulate Ludwig in a most devoted
manner on his succession to his title and dominions.
The first gives the day, month, and year of his birth, the 25th
January 1630 —
natVs eras LVDoVICe heros, Vt noster IanVs, 677
qVInqVe et VICenos feCIt VeLoCIter ortVs, 379
saLVa sIt Ista DIes, VenIatqVe sterna per mVa. 574
The next gives the year of the commencement of his reign —
tV LVDoVICe, pater PATRliE, terra hassIaC^qVe, 773
nostra atLas, saLVe: IaCVIsses hassIa tota 213
Vt Vastata, tVIs proprIIs neqVe sVrgere posses 28
VIrIbVs. aVXILIIs heros nIsI te pIVs Iste 89
erIgeret, VeLoXqVe tVas aVferre rVInas 87
InCIperet. IVsTfe regnI sVsCepIt habenas 215
heros. frVgaLIs VIVIt, pressosqVe tVetVr : 83
phcebVs eo regnante VIget, VIret hassIa nostra 18
VI Vat nestoreos annos, ser&qVe beatVs. 21
fIat ! Vos sVperI preCIbVs VotIsqVe faVete. 134
-= 1661
c Tetrastichon chronologicum.'
saLVe nostra saLVs, portVs, LVDoVICe serene, 776
te DeVs eX astrIs, aVXILIoqVe regat 588
ConsILIIs, CgeptIsqVe tVIs sors prospera VbIqVe 276
iETERNfe FAVEAT, TV FaVEASQVe BONIS. 21
The remaining pages contain no chronograms.
-= 1661
In a topographical work, printed at Wiesbaden in 1821, 1 find this
chronogram relating to William 11., Landgrave of Hesse, who died in
1504. At this date all the territory of Hesse was under one govern-
ment At subsequent periods it was divided into the three princi-
palities of Hesse-Darmstadt, Hesse-Cassel, and Hesse-Homburg.
(I quote from a copy in the Homburg Library, C. 91) —
hasso CreMat trIstI faCe fLens perIt aCCoLa rhenI. = 1504
GERMAN BISHOPS.
CLEMENT AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF BA VARIA,
BISHOP OF PADERBORN.
VOLUME of panegyrics in Latin prose and verse, bear-
ing the title CASTOR ET POLLUX, was addressed
to this bishop by the Society of Jesuits at Paderborn
in 1 7 19. It is full of curious and fanciful compositions,
and it abounds with chronograms. The copy in the
British Museum is entered in the catalogue under ' Clement
Augustus, Duke of Bavaria,' press-mark 9930. h. — folio, pp. 84.
The careeer of Clement Augustus is remarkable. He was born
at Brussels on 16th August 1700. When but a youth he was
appointed coadjutor to the Bishop of Ratisbon on 19th December
1715, and he was made Bishop of Munster and Paderborn in 1719,
his complete election being on 12th March of that year, when he was
barely nineteen years old. On the death of his uncle, Joseph-
Clement, Archbishop of Cologne (to whom he had been coadjutor),
he was elected to that see, and succeeded to all the territorial pos-
sessions and dignities attached thereto. He was chosen Bishop of
Hildesheim on 8th February 1724. His own hereditary rank and
title was that of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Elector of
Bavaria, besides the rank of his several bishoprics, all of which he
continued to hold for his lifetime. On the death of the Emperor of
Germany, Charles VII., in 1745, he allied himself with France, in
order to help the pretensions to the empire of his brother Maxi-
milian, the Elector of Bavaria. The competition for the throne of
Germany gave rise to an almost general war. The politics and
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS. 231
intrigues which then existed engaged much of the attention of
Clement. It is needless here to follow the troubled history of the
period ; but passing on to the end of this powerful prelate, and the
cessation of all his work on earth, we find that he died of ' colic ' at
Ehrenbreitstein on 5 th February 1761.
The chronograms now to be noticed relate to the year 1719. In
the following poem, if it may be so called, the bishop and his
deceased brother, Philip Maurice, are represented as Castor and
Pollux, equals in their divinity, but only appearing on the earth
day by day alternately. Philip (i.e. Castor) dies, and Clement (*.*.
Pollux) survives and takes his turn of earthly honour and ecclesi-
astical rank for the rest of his mortal life.1
In another section of the poem the bishop is represented under
the figure of a Phoenix, having his origin from the ashes of two
renowned but remote predecessors, both named Liborius, one having
been the first Bishop of Paderborn in the year 780, the other the
patron saint of Paderborn, who was Bishop of Mans, and died about
the year 397, and whose remains were translated to Paderborn in
836.
The volume has an inserted portrait of Bishop Clement Augustus
at a more advanced period of his life than nineteen years. It shows
a handsome profile, but tells not his age. The title-page is here
given in full. It is too complex for abbreviation, and it contains two
chronograms, one of them is also a logogryph.
Castoris et Pollucis felicissimorum siderum divisaimmortalitas,
sive dementis Augusti, et Philippi Mauritii fratrum serenissimorum
virtutis, et gloria siderum duplicata felicitas, dim serenissimo fratre
per mortem coelestis inter Leonis Bavarici astra, Gloriosissimos
nimirum in coelo majores suos, et praesules relato, Clemens Augustus
episcopus Paderbomensis et Monasteriensis, utriusque Bavarian, et
Superioris Palatinates Dux, etc In sacros ejusdem honores unanimi
omnium voto succederet
Die,
qVje MerItIs sanCtI pLaVDebat LjEta rVpertI. = 17 19
1 This allegory does not strictly follow the heathen fable, which is related by various
heathen writers somewhat in this manner : — Castor and Pollux were the progeny of Jupiter,
Pollux alone having the gift of divinity. They became powerful in the country of their
residence, and set to work to rid the seas of pirates. In one of the battles with them
Castor was killed, upon which Pollux, who was immortal, desired of Jupiter that they
might share the immortality between them. This was granted, and thenceforward the two
brothers are said to live and die by turns every other day, so far at least as the presence of
one of them here on earth is concerned.
232 BISHOP CLEMENT A UGUSTUS.
Atque
Ecclesiae, et triumphanti in terris Serenissimae familiae suae novum sidus
illucesceret. Quam serenissimo principi et domino, domino suo
Clementissimo, In devotissimi obsequii, et submisissimae venerationis
argumentum humillime reprsesentabant Collegium Paderbornense,
Residentia Biirana, et Falckenhagensis S. J. Quando sereno virtutum
suarum vultu Paderanum primum exhilarabat horizontem,
Et
Suo urbem hanc dignabatur aspectu
Anno,
DVpLeX opt- qVo sIDVs ab aXe re- )
ato LVXIt. >= 1719
pLaVsVs sper- paDeranIs gVrgIte f- j
This ' logogryph ' chronogram ends the title-page, and gives the
date of the book, which was printed at Paderborn.
An address to the youthful prince-bishop follows, occupying ten
pages, printed in a varied manner in long and short lines, and occa-
sionally in single words, after the fashion of some inscriptions, includ-
ing a few chronograms. At page 4 is this sentence —
Veriim non ita coelitus visum est (Ovid, 4 de Pon. Ep. 9) :
nasciturus promittitur; atque ante vota occidit, et suorum gratula-
tiones. Jarojam nasciturus superabatur : Ipsoque in ortu extinguitur.
Nostro vix ostenditur horizonti
Spem nostram, terras, deseruitque simul.
coeleste sede receptum. (Ibid.)
CVM fortVnatIs sVspICor esse DIIs. {Ibid. lib. 3. de = 17 19
Pon. Ep. 3. v. 54).
The subject continues to praise the two brothers Clement
Augustus and Philip Maurice, under the form of Castor and Pollux,
in a very elaborate manner, introducing this quotation from Ovid,
lib. i. Trist Epist. 3. v. 66—
VterqVe )
o MIhI theseA peCtora IVnCta fIDe ! fly
And further on, at p. 7, is this quotation, also from Ovid —
saCra hVnC 1 ,.
VIrtVs aDDIDIt astrIs. | " I7'9
This string of praise and flattery of these ' Dioscuri ' terminates at
page 12, without any further chronograms.
A large engraving next follows, showing a portion of the Zodiac
containing the constellation ' Gemini ; ' one of the twins bears in its
forehead a bright star, which shines down direct on the city of Pader-
born; it is not quite clear whether this is the star 'Castor/ the
deceased bishop, or the star Pollux, the new bishop, the 'novum
sidus' already mentioned, probably the latter. Then immediately
follows a poem of applause of the new bishop as Pollux, it also
describes the fireworks displayed on the occasion of his rising as a
BISHOP CLEMENT A UG USTUS.
233
star in the diocese, and laments the setting of Castor, his fraternal
predecessor ; it has this title —
POLLUX
Festivos inter applausus Padernas exoriens ;
Sed occidens subito,
Succedensque
CASTOR
Sive
Ad fraternas infulas evocatus frater.
Lemma :
qVIs In fratrIs potIVs sVCCeDat honoreM?
= 1719
VIX tVLerat sVa Vota graVIs pro More senatVs,
narratVr baVaro neXa tIara DVCI.
eXCItVr pLaVsVs, L^etos per VaLLa tVMVLtVs
jERa CIent, aVras ConCVtIVntqVe sonIs.
sensIt Vt w iEs saCrVM, sonItVs In IVbILa torqVens
tInnItV faVsto sVaVIVs w IstVD oVat.
CLangores, DIXIt, DIssCIssIs CVrrIte CaVrIs,
feLICIqVe VoLent VoXqVe, sonVsqVe noto.
hIs terras (Ite, Ite) sonIs CoMpLete : PHILIPPE,
antIstes regnes: astra, DIIqVe fa Vent!
pergIte! IVCVnDo boIos affLate sVsVrro,
Vt qVoqVe DVX baVarVs gaVDIa nostra probet.
protInVs ergo aLIqVIs sonVs eXspatIatVs In aVLaM,
qVIs pLaVsVs paDer^e, qVIs sIt In Vrbe, refert.
protInVs et VoLVCrI DeCVrrIt paDera CVrsV,
fVsVrVs pLaVsVs nVnCIa Verba (c) LyCo.
ConIVngVntVr aqVjE, DIWLgatoqVe sVsVrro
gaVDIa testantVr, Verba DabantqVe sonI.
ILICet et VarIIs strepVIt CVrsorIbVs aVLa,
aC Defert sVppLeX nVnCIa qVIsqVe DVCI.
eXIn LaVs PADERiE est, CVIVs qVoqVe sCeptra saLVtans,
LyCVs sIC VoVIt: nVnC paDeranVs ero.
DeXtera sIt testIs noVa sVrgVnt fgeDera, VtrIqVe
aLVeVs VnVs erIt : nVnC paDeranVs ero.
ILLe (rVbor WLtVs VItreos DepInXerat) Infert :
sIt tVVs Iste faVor; tV MIhI tVtor erIs.
Interea sIbI pLVs pLaVsVs Vrbs pLaVsIbVs aVXIt,
atqVe Instar MagnI gaVDIa fontIs eVnt.
prlnceps et bavarvs lieto regnabat in ore;
westphaLIA ba Varos ne MeDIA esse neges.
1 = ]
[719
1 = ]
[719
1 = 3
[719
I ss ]
[719
1 = ]
1719
[ =
[719
I =
[719
[ =
1719
I =
17 19
i =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
(•) Campanse. (b) Solcecismus Horat. aliisque familiaris.
2 G
<c> Unus ex Bavaria fluviis.
234
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
Ardentis
Inter insignia
Leonia Bararid
applausus
poeticus.
Felix adjectum
plausibus,
omen. Claud,
in Cona. 6. Horn.
Exultantta
Padene jubilus
poeticus.
LVX ea tVnC eXIt, qVA CrebrIs IgnIbVs Iret
aLtIVs aCCensIs p VbLICVs VrbIs aMor.
strVCta (d) sVb aVgVsto feLIX est fabrICa fVLCro,
hVC pronVs fertVr p VbLICVs VrbIs aMor.
VernVs erat fVnDVsi qVo stat sVbnIXa: w DeCanI
hortVs erat, bene qVo fLorVIt IstVD op Vs.
hIC fLWIos paDera effVsos (0 DeVoLVIt ab Vrna,
hVC ILLVC refLVIs IVssaqVe sCrIbIt aqVIs.
qVIqVe fIgVrat aqVas sItVs, est par pen£ CoronIs,
aVt VIX sIt DIspar fLeXa fIgVra MItr;E.
hVC VeLVt In portVM patrIa Vaga *» CVra reCVrrIt;
VIrtVtIs LoCVs est, ConsILIIqVe fVIt.
noX erat, « aC CroCeIs Vaga LVna CrepVsCVLa bIgIs
VeXerat: eX resono MVLtVs It iERE fragor:
eXCVbItor fragor Iste fVIt, pLaVsVsqVe statVtVs
aDMonItor : IVssIs horrVIt Ipse sVIs.
eXsILIVnt Ignes, pVLChrIs fVLgorIbVs aVra
sCIntILLant, CgeLo LVXqVe DIesqVe reDIt.
eCCe VoLat steLLatVs w apeX, seqVItVrqVe seCVnDVs,
tertIVs hVnC VrsIt; DeIn sVa beLLa parant.
CLaro LVCtantVr saLtV, WLt, se DVCe qVIsqVe
aLtIVs astra sVper LaVDe phILIppVs oVet.
MIXtI pVgnabant : noVVs ergo sVperVenIt : artIs
pLVs habVIt reLIqVIs : sVbDoLVs IgnIs erat.
esse Vetat pVgnaM ; paX ferVet : soLVs In aVras
seqVe LeVat pernIX, sVbDoLVs IgnIs erat.
sVCCensVs Leo sVspeXIt beLLa ILLa, MorasqVe
eXseCratVs aIt: nIL tVa LaVrVs oVJsrt
NIL tVa LaVrVs oVet? CceLVM tVnC saLtVs habebat,
pLaVsIt seXCentIs VngVLa pLaVsa sonIs.
IgneVs eX rVtILo terras InspeXerat aXe,
DIssILIt; InqVe hostes fVLMIna boIa rVVnt.
eX peDe DefLVXIt se gvrans sVLphVrIs IrIs,
Verba fIgVrabat; VI Ve PHILIPPE DIV !
paDera pLVs aVXIt pLaVsVs, pr6 qVantVs oVabat
L/ETlTliE sVrgens aMne sVperbVs aqVIs!
eXVLtans eXhaVsIt aqVas, saLIensqVe per aVras
rIDet, et has patVLo gVttVre reDDIt aqVas:
1 =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
1 =
1719
[ =
1719
1 =
1719
1 =
1719
i = ]
[719
[ =
[719
[ =
[719
[ =
1719
1 = ]
[719
1 = ]
1719
[ =
[719
1 =
[719
( = :
[719
[ =
[719
1 = 3
[719
1 = :
[719
<d^ Sub pro in Virgil, saepe.
W Festivi ignes accensi in horto Curiae Decanalis Reverendissimi L. B. de Metternicfa,
Decani Paderbornensis, Praepositi Monasteriensis, etc., 15 Martii.
W Alluditur ad Curiam, prope quam scaturigines Padene fontibusque ibidem utrimque
cingitur, et ambitur undique.
(g) Fuit ilia decanalis semper, Capitumquel Uustrissimorum Sedes, penes quae non rard
reeimen est, et Patriae cura, utpote Consiliarios Principum.
T») Festivi ignes sub serum vesperum accensi, Signo displosis tormentis facto.
(k) Vulgd raquetten sive ignes pyrotechnici. Ita Ovid. iv. Ex Pon. Ep. 9. Detque bonum
yoto lucidus omen apex.
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
*35
qVotqVe, sVsVrrabat, gVttIs MeVs aLVeVs VnDat,
tot serVs LVstrIs, opto, phILIppVs oVet !
eXCIVIt CVLtas VICIno CespIte nyMphas,
naIs VIX tenVI est VoCe VoCata, VenIt.
qVaM stIpaVIt (*) anas graVIs IgnIbVs, VnDIqVe sVLphVr
rVCtabat, refVgas IgneqVe pIngIt aqVas.
LVsIt Vt, oVa faCIt, naIs LeVat ; aVrea, DIXIt,
eX His eXCLVDes seCLa phILIppe, sCIo.
PRiE pLaVsV paDer-s fVgerVnt Corpore sensVs,
VIrIbVs absqVe sVIs MensqVe, VIgorqVe stVpent.
spIrItVs eXCIDerat VIt,«qVe, anIMoqVe, sIbIqVe,
totVs In optato prjEsVLe fIXVs erat.
eX Voto VenIt ergo qVIes; seD sera, IoCoqVe
Vt reLeVent anIMos noXqVe, soporqVe graVes.
VItreVs iEGROTos DeVs eXporreXerat artVs;
QViELlBET eXCVbIas nyMpha teneto ! IVbet.
CVrrVnt: MoX VernI CrystaLLIna CLaVstra tapetes
prjeteXVnt; oCVLos sVaVIor Vna LIgat:
Ista DeDIt fLVVIos sVaVI eXVLtare sVsVrro,
aVres ter grato pVLset Vt VnDa sono.
IntentIs operI reLIqVIs, grata otIa spIrans
IMpLebat ronChIs antra sopora DeVs.
nonaqVe noX fVerat ; (m) pernIXqVe reVerberat aVras
aLa : VenIt propIor MoX sonVs ILLe Deo.
eXpVLIt, et sVbIto bLanDos strIDore sopores;
trVXqVe LeVans artVs, tV qVIs es, VnDe? rogat.
hVC, eXponIt aMor: prosternor nVnCIVs aXe,
eCCe notas ! arCVs eXpLICVItqVe sVos.
atqVe reffrt : fVnVs qVAM nVnCIo trIste! PhILIppVs
oCCVbVIt! tragICVs nVnCIVs ILLe fVIt.
VoX tItVbare Deo: fVnDebant peCtora qVestVs,
InVIDa si VIXIt fata I phILIppVs, aIt.
ConCVtIt eXsILIens CorpVs, foDICatqVe trIDente :
heV! VIVo eXtInCto prasVLe, fLeVIt, Iners?
eXeqVIas prasVL tIbI pono, sVVMqVe parabat
aD sVbstrata fVrens saXa VIbrare CapVt.
InterDIXIt aMor, qVerVLos fVgat Iste fVrores;
soLatVrqVe : sVo resqVe saLVsqVe statV est :
DIVIsI sortIs stata IVra, VICesqVe DVobVs
fratrIbVs, Vt feLIX qVIsqVe regenDo foret.
poLLVX, aC Castor baVarVs DVo sIDera,
FRATRES
eXpLebVnt VICIbVs seCVLa L^eta sVIs:
i =
1719
[ =
[719
1 =
1719
[ =
1719
1 =
r7i9
[ =
1719
[ =
'7i9
\ =
[719
[ =
[719
1 = ]
[719
[ =
[719
1 =: :
[719
[ =
[719
1 = ]
[719
1 =
1719
1 = ]
[719
1 =
[719
J = ]
1719
J ^ ]
[719
\
[719
u ,
[719
m Aliuditur ad varias figuras, quas super acjuas formabant ignes injecti.
(») Nono a facto plausu die percrebuit fatalis nuncius de obitu Philippi Mauritii.
236 BISHOP CLEMENT A UGUSTUS.
IA PHIL
serenVs
astra phILIppVs habet, VIrtVte sVaqVe^
aVgVstVs terras; sIDVs VterqVe saCrVM f I7'9
EST. J
fatVs erat: paDeioeqVe qVIes, et VIta noVantVr. )
eX anIMo pLanCtVs eXspVIt ergo sVos. ) ' 9
VLtrA si SjeVIs, DIXIt, trVX parCa, nefanDa es ! i _
fataqVe qVI BaVarIs sVnt satIs iEQVA DIIs. J"* I?I9
ADMONITIO
AD
ZOILOS.
Epigramma
De Festivis Paderse ignibus.
zoILe ne tentes Ignes arroDere festos! I =
si pLaVsVM faCIes, ora perVsta feres. y ' 9
Then follows at page 17a series of Eulogies on various Bavarian
bishops from the year 1 162, leading down to those who are the subject
of the present eulogy on Castor and Pollux ; the introductory page
bears this title —
Leo coelestis, sive refulgentium inter astra Bavaricorum Prse-
sulum corona, cui Novum Sidus inseritur Philippus Mauritius.
Circumscriptio :
Is fIXVs In oMnes 1
COGNATOS PROCeDIt HONOS. J ' 9
Claud, dt Prob. et Oly* Cons. v. 12.
Passing over the 25 pages not containing any chronograms, we
find at page 42 the conclusion of the eulogies, and these words,
1 Haec Leonis Siderii triumphalis Corona est, Isti de stemmate
et sanguine Bavarico nominatiores episcopi. Hi viri sunt, qui sui
sibi ccelum pepererunt Fortudine, Astra virtute, Gloriosissimosque
Stirpis suae Duces Sacri serie, et luce circumdant Beatae suae iramor-
talitatis stationem hos inter recenter sibi fixit Philippus Mauritius,
etc etc.
Pro applausu votum est,
O ego, Dt faciant, talem Te cernere possim !
Ovid. ii. Ex Pon.
Epigramma ad
Leonem Ccelestem
Admonitio ad Zoilos.
hVC CanIs% hVC baVaros pVgnaX aCCeDe Leones, )
sIrIVs Vt sVVs His CVrrat, aDVstVs eat. J 7 9
A marginal note explains it, 'Sol eodem tempore, quo Signum
Leonis ingreditur, scilicet 22 Julii appropinquat Caniculae. Canini
sive Cynici appellantur Zoili a kwos, canis. An ode in rhyming
sapphic verse immediately follows —
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
237
Euphemia
ad
Phillippum Mauritium
Astra subeuntem.
Lemma
Dignu es in Tantis Nomen habere Viris. Ovid. ii. Ex Pon.
IgneI saLVe saCra LVX LeonIs
(a) MaVrItI, neXIs rVtILans CoronIs :
per CapVt STELLiE sVa serta tornant;
pLaVsIbVs ornant.
Igne VIrtVtIs soCIo nItesCIs,
pVrpVrA sanCtA fLVItans rVbesCIs
fVLgVrat WLtVs nIVeo DeCore,
arDet honore.
per pares te fert socivm choreas
aVreas CceLI Vaga per pLateas,
In saCros orbes per Inane prona
saCra Corona.
PRiEsVLVM, pVLChro trabeata CVLtV
tVrba, Cognato tIbI prona WLtV;
te phaLanX astrIs speCIosa pIngIt,
IgneqVe fIngIt.
STlRPlS AVGVSTiE proaVI potentes,
sVnt aVI MVLtA serIe parentes,
parta qVos LaVrVs tItVLIs notaVIt
fronDe beaVIt.
prjEsVLes Inter tVa te LoCaVIt,
qVo regas, VIrtVs soLIVM paraVIt;
nVnC tIbI LaVrVs sIne fIne fLeCtet.
sertaqVe neCtet.
hoC throno pRjEsVL rVtILa serenVs,
LVCe stIpatVs, IVbarIsqVe pLenVs,
VICTOR iETERNls VeNERANDe CASTRls,
fVLgIDVs astrIs.
aLter es poLLVX sVperas aMore>
frater optato gravis est honore,
parta tv regnas svper astra divvs /
IsteqVe VIVVs.
ergo non teLo fera sors r/gere,
assoLet DIVos fera sors pa Vere ;
HlC PRjEEST FRATER BENE NOS REGENDo
ISTE FAVenDO.
* * *
*
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
1719
= 1719
= 1719
<*> Secunda brevis Mantuanum. Hinc Legio Duce Mauritio Thebaea profecta.
*38
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
V
irege
!■
1719
1719
On the next page, 44, is a panegyric having this title, Clemens
Augustus, sacrum Sidus Ferdinandi Bavari, praesulis quondam
desideratissimi fecundis Paderse nascitur auspiciis ex omine fausto :
feCVnDI In VItaM CIneres sVnt sjepe. = 17 19
The * prose ' exhibits the bishop as a kind of Phoenix rising from
ashes, as successor to St Liborius, who was the first bishop of Pader-
born circa a.d. 780, and concludes with what here follows —
Vive optatissime Phoenix, non verb inposterum sub Nomine
CLeMentIs ;
seD
noVe VerIVs LIborI
Vive optamus, et rege, utque sit exoptatisimum Regimen, non rege
amplius sub titulo
aVgVstI prjesVLIs;
seD
CceLestIs ferDInanDe
Ferdinandus Bavarus episcopus Paderbornensis in reductis k se
Divi Liborii Sanctis cineribus et reliquiis sacer Nepotum suorum
Phoenix.
Epigraphe :
. . . prebetur origo
Per Cinerem. Claud, de Phomice.
Votum Paderae Poeticum.
fernanDVs PRiEsVL, baVaro LVX Magna LeonI,
eXIerat terrIs phoebVs In aXe noWs :
Vt LVgent CLerVs, popVLVs, pLebs, aVLa, senatVs,
VIrgo, seneX, IVVenIs, CVrIa, teMpLa, sChoL>e!
aspeXIt noster sfeCLI feLICIs horIzon
ILICet eCLIpses : teMpora noCtIs erant.
LVXIt fVnesto stans patrIa MortVa WLtV,
VrbsqVe DoLore sVo, non nIsI, fVnVs erat.
PRiEsVLE nVDa sVo, fernanDI nVDa faVore
reLLIgIo sIbI VIX VIVere VIsa fVIt.
pressa (ft) natat LVOV : non sIC VeLVt ante CorVsCo
nIXa peDo : CasVs sVstVLIt IstVD atroX.
se se Inter fLeXIs DeXtrIs, fIXo astra tVetVr
LVMIne, sVspIrat ; fLetVs IItqVe genIs.
VIX graVIbVs, qVerItVr LaCryMans, reCreata perICLIs,
VIX CESso(b) pVLsIs hostIbVs esse I0C0.
et LIbertatIs VInDeX eXtrIngVItVr ! atra
gaVDIa faLXqVe rap It, tVrgIDa fLore rapIt t
VIX CoepI teMpLIs CVLtVs renoVare VetVstos,
VIX arIs CoepI sanCtIVs Ipsa CoLI.
J ""
1719
i =
1719
[ =
1719
I =
1719
> =
1719
1 =
1719
[ =
1719
[ =
1719
\ =
1719
[ =
1719
W Natare pro trepidare, Ovid. 6. Fast.
<b> Ferdinandus ope episcopi Osnabrugensis Francisci Wilhelmi, Comitis de Wartenberg
captam Paderbornam liberavit denuo Suecis, et Hassis. Anno 1646.
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
239
Deseret et PRiEsVL, CVIVs VIrtVte reVIXI !
soepIVs heV VotIs, sIDera sVrDa pIIs !
jEqVa CanI WLtIs fernanDos reDDIte ! VIrtVs
Vna qVIbVs, sang Vis si fVIt VnVs, erIt.
DIXerat : et Moerens Iteratos CVrIA qVestVs
sVbIVnXIt, sVperIs trIstIVs orsa LoqVI :
LVDVnt astra, LeVes trIbVVnt, rapIVntqVe faVores,
gaVDIa sIqVa ferVnt, sasVa DoLore fVgant.
VerVs sIt prjEsVL, patrIos VIrtVte tVMVLtVs
Si FVGAT, tfXTERNOS DeLeT ET ENSE FEROX !
fernanDVs feCIt, qVos CLaDe astr^ea (c) rebeLLes
PRESSERAT HjERETICoS, PACIS HlC ARTE LeVaT.
eXVLtans hassVs, CaptAqVe sVeCVs In Vrbe
IVrabant CVLtIs qVaM trVCVLenta saCrIs !
nVLLa saLVs VICtm, VICtrIX taMen ILLa reVIXIt,
PRiEsVLIs aC tantI saLVa faVore stetIt.
atqVe VbI perpetVIs satagIt sVb fronDIbVs esse
pr«sVLIs, heV La Vr VM trVX LIbItIna rapIt!
hIC MaL£ VeL tItan nostro sVrreXerat aXe ;
aVt CVrsV, sCeLVs est, oCCVbVIsse breVI.
reDDe saCros PRiEsVL VVLtVs, eXsVrge! preCatVr
sVppLICIs hoC popVLI VIta, saLVsqVe rogat.
reDDe, petIt, VVLtVs, fernanDe resVrge, tVoqVe
o CInerI phoenIX sVrgat, oVetqVe sVVs!
fVDerat hos qVestVs: pLVres VbI CVrIa Versat,
sVaVIor est VIsVs reDDere Verba sonVs:
eXVLta ! sVrget phcenIX 1 paDerjEqVe, tIbIqVe,
qVaMVIs qVI generet, non CInIs eIVs erIt.
sanCtVs erIt phcenIX; et sanCtIor est CInIs, eX qVo
nasCItVr: eX CceLo MIttItVr ILLe noWs.
LIborII saCros(<I) CIneres (pro trIste pIACLVM)
abstVLerat nostrIs Ira sCeLesta saCrIs.
fernanDVs stVDIo VIgIL, et VIrtVte reVeXIt,
IstIs Vt phoenIX, CreDo, resVrgat, erIt.
haC spe qVIsqVe parat sIbI fVsos sIstere qVestVs,
qVIsqVe sIbI feLIX aVgVr aManDo fVIt;
hIs sVrget phoenIX: DabIt hVnC LIborIVs orbI,
eXaVDIt sVperIs si sVa Vota DeVs.
Vt, qV6D honor sanCto CVLtVs per saCra reVIXIt,
VnICa fernanDVs CaVsa, CapVtqVe fVIt;
sIC DIVVs PRiEsVL VItaM InstaVrabIt, Vt Ipse
In baVaro VI Vat sangVIne soepe noVVs.
>-
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
M Rebelles cives hseretici justis poenis, feroque coerciti sub Ferdinando ad perfectam
redierunt obedientiam, totaque Civitas ad Pacem.
1 Miro promittitur ortu. Claud, in Cons. 6. Hon.
<<*> Direptas ab Halberstadiensium Antistite, Christiano 6acras S. Liborii Reliquias
recuperavit Ferdinandus.
240
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
HjeC aMor eXpVLso LVCtVs sqVaLore, noVIsqVe
sVCCensVs VotIs VatICInatVs erat.
LVstra sVb hmC taCIto VoLWntVr seDVLa CVrsV,
VeLoCI VoLItant hora, DIesqVe fVgA.
PROCVRRVNT SPATlIS (e) jETAS eXIVerat, eX qVo
fernanDVs prIM6 prjesVL oVare noWs.
ergo sVVs sVrgIt phoenIX, CoeLoqVe VenIre,
ne DVbItes10 nVMerVs satqVe sVperqVe probat.
mVI, qVoD fLVXIt, DenVsqVe noVenVs et annVs,
fernanDo baVaro prjEsVLe, L^tVs IIt.
hoCqVe IterVM prasVL baVarVs, qVoD VertItVr, ^eVo
regnat. bIs qVInVs, nonVs et annVs erat,
eCCVr haVD VoLVCrI satVs hIC sVrreXerIt aLa
phoenIX, si DIVI prjesVLIs ILLe rogas?
annVerant sVperI, DVpLeX Vt sVrgeret, artIs
pLVs opVs ergo fVIt pLVs fVIt atqVe Mora.
sVrgVnt ergo DVo: sVbItIs prIMVsqVe reVIsIt
astra fVgaX fatIs, hICqVe phILIppVs erat.
aVgVstVs paDerjE pratrIs post fata reVIXIt
phcenIX ; nVnC et habent terra, poLVsqVe sVVM.
qVoDqVe seCVnDVs erat, terrasqVe bearet, ID ahnVs
aVgVrIo faVsto, bIs™ LoqVItVrqVe sVo.
DenVs, Vt et nonVs, LegItVr qVo prasVL, It annVs;
annos totq Ve sIMVL VIXerat, atqVe pares.
LIborI regnet phcenIX tVVs, Vt sVb eoDeM
se tVa, se VIrtVs, sanCtaqVe qV^qVe noVent.
VIVe tVIs phcenIX, CLeMens aVgVste, qVIbVsqVe,
astrIs es genItVs, non nIsI serVs aDI.
aVt VbI IaM trIstI CIneres VertentVr In Vrna,
te noWs His phcenIX prjEsVLe DIgnVs oVet I
Leo Terrestris
cui novum sidus illuxit
Clemens Augustus
episcopalium Mitrarum luce serenus.
Sive
Triumphans in terris Ducum Bavarorum
Familia,
Religionis Domus, et Arx munitissima.
Adscriptio
hIC VICtrIX et fIrMa seDet.
J
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
= 1719
e> sEtaspro Seculo. Ovid 12. Metam. ' Vixi annos bis centum, nunc tertia vivitur aetas.'
<f) Inter electionem Ferdinandi Bavari, et modern i praesulis, dementis Augusti inter-
cessit Seculum. Uterque electus eodem anno seculi sui i9no-
te) Non caret omine Clexnentem Augustum 19110 anno aetatis suae, et simul seculi 19*°
anno electum fuisse Episc Paderborn. 'Donaturque Tibi, qui Te produxerat annus/
Claud, in Cons. 4 Hon.
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS. 241
A panegyric fills the next five pages, on some of the Dukes of
Bavaria and Bishops. Towards the conclusion the Duke Maximilian-
Emmanuel (the then reigning Elector) is brought prominently into
notice. The same subject is carried into a poem, filling nine more
pages, but without chronograms. At page 64 commences —
Panegyricus dementis Augusti
Argumentum.
prInCeps DIs proXIMVs ILLe est. = 17 19
Claud, in Cons. Mall. v. 226.
Some chronograms occur mingled with the text, and are here
extracted ; by being so treated, however, they lose something of their
meaning and application —
ctadfacoos. graVIor nVLLas reCIpIt pr VDentIa Metas = 1 719
*■■■•■««■• Autcertfe
prInCIpIs aVgVstA Constat prVDentIa MetA; = 17 19
Sed longissimfe k vitio, procul a vitiorum confinio.
ide-deFtob. MIsCetVr DeCorI VIrtVs Innata; = 1719
* otrt*. com. ged sme fe]^ sme naevo.
n*. Credos ex cethere lapsam
Stare Pudicitiam ; etc.
At page 73. Qub, inquam, nisi ad Divorum Misericordiam semula
accesserit.
jEqVabIt DIVIs tVa te CLeMentIa soLa. = 17 19
At page 75. Triumpha ! quia
affLVes, et MIrabItVr, et DILabItVr Cor. = 17 19
Isaiah Ix. 5.
At page 76.
w Lingua sile, non est ultra narrabile quidquam.
w sILeo: NIL VLtrA LaVDIbVs aDDI. = 17 19
w Ovid lib. 2 Ex Pon. ^ Claud, in Epithal. Pall v. 93.
Notwithstanding this expression, the prose concludes with a volley
of flattering ejaculations. The poet then gives five pages of hexameter
and pentameter verse, commencing thus —
Clementis Augusti
virtutum certamen poeticum.
Symbolum ;
h^eC faCIes anIMo DIgnaqVe, parqVe fVIt. = 17 19
Ovid. Lib. 2 Past v. 758.
CLeMens aVgVstVs, boII spes DIgna LeonIs, = 17 19
prasVL erat, DVpLICIs DIgnVs honore peDI: etc. etc s= 17 19
This couplet is twice repeated in the poem.
This very remarkable book now draws to a conclusion, occupying
two pages, which I here give, as nearly as possible, arranged as in the
original. Observe these ' Logogryph verses/ a good example of that
curious form of composition, and in this instance they are likewise
composed in chronogram —
2 H
242 BISHOP CLEMENT A UGUSTUS.
Ad
serenissimi et reverendissimi prsesulis
CLEMENTIS AUGUSTI
Insignia
Epigrammata votiva.
Ad
Eundera sub Titulo
LEONIS BAVARI.
boIe Leo, Leo natew aqVILA, Leo nate Leone, \
est MVLCrre saCras CopIa faCta IVbas: ] ' 9
ergo tWs paDerje qVI fVLgVrat aVreVs VngVIs, I
nVnC trXat Magna prosperItatIs op Vs. ] ' 9
Ad
Eosdem Leones,
Utrimque in Insigni positos.
Ad
Ulud Ovidii lib. i. Ex Ponto, Epist 3. v. 57.
Hostis adest, dextnt, levique a parte timcndus,
Vicinoque metu tenet utrumque latus.
tVtor aDest, DeXtrA, L/eVAqVe a parte VerenDVs^ ) _
VIrIbVs egregIVs: tVtVs hIC ergo statVs. ] ' 9
Ad
Duo Retia
Duos inter Leones explicate.
Inter qVID baVaros assVrgat retr Leones? I 9
VngVIbVs w a VCVpIVM naWs VterqVe parat. J ~" iyi9
CoLLIgIt ILLe saCras, pIetatIs serta, tIaras; ) =
hIC LaVros, ensIs MVnera Lata, CapIt. ] ' 9
Ad
Orbem in Medio positum,
Cui
Crux praefixa.
CVr CrVCe sIgnatVs baVarIs InsIgnIbVs orbIs )
sVrgIt, et oCCLVsVs, qVIDqVe rotVnDVs hIC est? \
orbI InfIXa geMIt sors LaVa VoLVbTLIs, eX qVo
ne fVrIbVnDa rVat9 boIa Vetat pIetas.
Ad
Pastorale Pedum.
tenb peDo IntVeor prInCeps optate graVatVM?
hos strIngas fasCes, pastor, erIsne pater f
pastor es, Vt popVLIs VIrtVtVM pasCVa fVnDas:
es pater, Vt foVeas, qVos regIs, VsqVe sInV.
<*> Bavaricorum principum serenissima mater Theresia Kunegundis, utpote ex regia
Polonorum stirpe pro insigni habet Aqiulam.
W Virtutis et fortitudinis aucupio. Thcodonis Boiorum Patriarcha symbolum.
-
1719
}-
1719
}-
1719
}-
1719
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
243
None per te
CUttd. lib. 9.
dtimttdSHL
OrfcL 3. Ex Ptaa.
Ad
Episcopalem Mitrara.
si MItra (c) soZ, front/s IV bar Ingens halC erIt; erro
si seDet In baVara fronte, nItere soLet.
Ad
Nomen
Serenissimi Principis.
CLeMens aVgVstVs SANfc sVnt arDVa Verba;
qVI sVperat gestIs, VnVs Is eX sVperIs.
Sit licet hie Titulus plenis Tibi fmctibus ingens ;
Ipsa tatnen Virtus ordine major eris.
Omen
De felicitate Temporum
Sub
Auspicatissimo Clementis Augusti Regimine
aVrea sVrr- xi referat qVI seCVLa d"tvVs
VIrtVs eV- ' beet Vt stata teMpora V-
Mors fera non Ayr}_ stygIos Iterare fVr-ores
parCaqVe non g- vl,et» trIstes soCIare son- '
1=
}-
}-■
CVM sVperI C-
In CVras I-
VnCtI
SPARGERE NEC POT- •
HlC Si PRiESVL ER1T>
noVa sCeptra faVore saCr-
nVtV, VVLtVqVe bet-4
sors atro seCVLa f-
CVI stagnant peCtora M-
abVnt,
eLLe.
}-
A Hud
Ad
Ejusdem Principis Immortalitatem.
possInt fVn- teLas rese-^ soR-r^c
at sIstent Mo-ESTiE LaVDIs fVs-uare nIt-ores'
fLoret perpet-v pIetas orn- DeC-
et LaVs assID-vo stabIt Dot-ata VIg-ore*
Monitio ad Zoilum
Epigramma.
phcebeos partVs DICtIs ars Carper e nVLLa est,
natVrA DIsCIs Carpere, neC fa Cere.
hos Ver6 VersVs mqVYs qVIs Carpere tentet,
qVantVs LaVDetVr, si MonVIsse I Wat?
}-
}-
}-
}-
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
<c> Persis apud Lact. in Theb.
244 BISHOP CLEMENT A UGUSTUS.
VIrtVs aVgVstI est, hanC qV6D non VersIbVs mqVo, I
ne stVpeas, VateM LaVs sVperasse fVIt. ] ' 9
Qub magis, O Lector^ debts ignoscere, si quid
Peccatum est illic, prateritumque tnihi,
Officium tictnO) qui reprchendat, erit.
{Ovid, 3. Ex Pan. Epist 4. v. 76.)
THE applause to the youthful Bishop Clement Augustus is con-
tinued in a gratulation by the Minorite brethren at Miinster,
composed almost entirely in Latin verse, and, with few exceptions,
in chronogram of the year 17 19. The British Museum copy has the
press-mark 12301. m. 7 (catalogued under Clement Augustus, Duke
of Bavaria). The title-page is as follows —
VOTUM GRATULATORIUM
in adventu
Serenissimi, et reverendissimi Domini,
CLEMENTIS AUGUSTI
Episcopi Monasteriensis, et Paderbornensis, propositi veteris ecclesiae
Ottingensis, utriusque Bavariae, ac superioris palatinatus Ducis, comitis
Palatini Rheni, Landgravii Leuchtenbergensis, Burgravii Stromber-
gensis, S. R. I. principis, comitis Pyrmontani, ac domini in Borkelohe
et Werth, etc. etc.
Domini nostri clementissimi
humillime oblaturo, et dicatum
k
Fratribus Minoribus S. Francisci conventudlibus
Monasterii ad S. Catharinam
1719.
Two portraits of the bishop at a later period of his life are inserted
in the volume. The first is supported by the Bavarian lion holding a
sword and the crozier in his right paw, inscribed beneath, ' Pietate et
magnanimitate/ with an armorial shield. The second portrait is
copied from a painting by Demarais, and engraved by Tardieu,
engraver to the King of France in 1748.
The dedication to this young bishop, aged only nineteen years,
follows next; it is contained in two pages full of flattery. It calls him
'Sol novus, sol lucidus, sol amabilis, sol gratiosus sub firmamento
Ecclesiae Catholicae in Horizonte Monasteriensi exoriens,' and declares
that cTurres sere campano applaudunt, reboantia tormenta bellica
fragore suo sydera feriunt, ignes missiles per aerem circumvolant,
mirantur juvenes, applaudunt senes, populus universus congratulatur
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS. 245
et jubilat, et iugem observantiam erga serenissimam domum Bavaricam
contestatur ; and so forth, down to c Ita vovemus . . . humillimi
clientes . . . Fratres Minores, etc.' The next page is filled by
1 Logogryph verses/ commencing with this chronogram, and as the
verses are a good example of that curious form of composition, I here
transcribe them also —
VotVM CcenobII DIVa CatharIn^ = 17 19
Io Latare! erIt nobIs DVX CLeMentLe. = 1719
Wprincepsm subject** g voc^.
Non secus ac6 dementi m be
Agnus bile c quamvis quis f . min
Pastori p"^ sibi ferre ingrata videlur
Talis es ind naturi etm0re bidentis
Mansuetus t bene dignus a cli
Art* bile c novisti dura subire
Candidus app nequit h«c nat per
Haec te rect Am fecit nat bid •
Gentisadardoremmajorafutura videntls
Ordine quam te qua te pie^ sequentur
Quam pede mansue post te probi fer
Judico feli tua quern bene cura tuetur
Sortis habere vi si jussa et j sequ
Ut dux def e a populum multum docebfe
Ut lux ace pop nulh H noc
Quisquis del tibi ter grat honQre
Quisquis tuo gr semper laet am
These logogryph verses are printed in the original without punc-
tuation until the full stop at the end.
A full-page engraving represents the armorial shield of the bishop
overlaid in the centre by that of Bavaria ; that is followed by a page
of Latin verses describing the heraldic devices as typical of the
character and virtues of the bishop, but they are not of sufficient
importance to reproduce here. The verses are preceded by this
chronogrammatic title —
PRiESAGlA aD gentILItIa InsIgnIa ) _
CLeMentIs aVgVstL /" I7'9
This gratulation, entirely in chronogram, next follows —
Mens gratVLatorIa orDInIs ConVentVaLIs = 17 19
qVanDo ab InCoLIs LongIVs DesIDeratVs = 17 19
246
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
CLeMens aVgVstVs aLtIorI De stIpIte
baVarVs, per DeI gratIaM prInCeps et epIsCopVs
MonasterIensIs et paDerensIs eLeCtVs, InfVLatVs
InfInIto CVnCtorVM gaVDIo
prIMItIVo aDItV et ConspeCtV
VrbICas patrIasqVe seDes ILLVMInabat.
CLeMentIs aVgVstI
gLorIa stet DIV.
Vernet aVgVstVs CVI gratVLarI,
GRATA NOS qVjEVIs DeCeT APPRECarI
Dona fortVnjE, proCVL esto LessVs
atra cvpressvs.
soLe qVot fVLgent fVgIente steLLs
qVot fVrens tVrbant peLagVs proCeLLjE
qVot tagVs DIVes rhoDanVsqVe stILLas
jETHNA FAVILLAS.
qVot rosIs vastm rVbra stant roseta
aVt paphI gIgnVnt VIoLas VIreta,
LILIIs MIXtas, qVot In orbe rIVI
iETHERE DIVI.
ph(ebe, qVot CVrsV VoLItante terras
aVreo pICtVs raDIo pererras,
qVotqVe tV CoLLes VoLItans per aVras
LVCe DeaVras.
terra qVot fVrVas tenet hjeC arenas,
aVreVs Ganges nVMeratqVe Venas,
tot noVas LaVDes sVpererogabIs,
IVra VIbrabIs.
VsqVeqVo CLIo sVa sIstra tanget,
sVaqVe parnassI Vaga tVrba CLanget
VsqVeqVo pVLsat CItharA CaMcena,
voce serena.
VsqVeqVo fLores faCIe DeCorA
eX sInV fVnDet LoCVpLete fLora,
arVa qVAIs pInget VarIIs In orIs
aVrea ChLorIs.
VsqVeqVo tItan VoLVCres qVaDrIgas
aVt regIs pVLChras VarIata bIgas
LVna, DeCVrrant tIbI L*ta gratIs
SjeCVLa fatIs.
PRiEsVL aVgVste tVa faMa CresCat,
neC seCVtVrIs spatIIs nIgresCat
LVX tVa, et faVstIs VIgeat perennIs
gLorIa pennIs.
1719
: 1719
: I719
: I719
: I719
: I719
= 1719
•= I719
= 1719
= 1719
= I719
= 1719
= I7I9
= I719
= 1719
= 1719
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS. 247
= 1719
= 1719
qVA rotas phcebI fVgIVnt trIones,
qVAqVe LVXerVnt nIVe^e DIones,
prInCIpI faVsto resonent faVentes
oMIna gentes.
PRJEPOTENS PERSTET RADIVs NlTORlS,
VnIVersaLIs nItor est honorIs,
tanta LVX nVnqVaM VarIetVr jeVo,
GLORIA NjEVo.
****** * * ##****
Invitantur Muses ad applaudendum Dicecesi
Monasteriensi.
Cur tibi tristis fades Camoena ?
An tibi raptis Catulis Leaena
Obviam venit ? vel imago fortis
Horrida mortis ?
Nulla funesti tibi causa lucttis,
Sunt procul flammae, tumidique fluctus,
Promicat coelum facie serena
Surge Camoena.
Ecce quam blando Mimigroda 1 vultu
Ridet, hostili procul a tumultu,
Quo placet, pergit, veheturque bigis
Atque quadrigis.
Non timet Vultum Bavari Leonis
Civibus charum simul et Colonis,
Novit Augustum pariter benignum
Do tibi signum.
Hoc Leo signat domitor Ferarum
Carnibus parcens sibi subditarum
Praesulis faustum quoque clamat omen
Nobile nomen.
Ergo quid nobis superest Camaena?
Voce nunc Carmen varies amaena,
Et Mimigrodam 1 sociam vocabis
Sicque sonabis :
te VotIs aVgVste pIIs saLVere IVbeMVs, I =
InsIgnIs nostrI DVXqVe, CapVtqVe gregIs. j l' '
optatVs, DVX DIgne, VenIs popVLoqVe petItVs, ) =
eXpresso Voto SiEPk CVpItVs aDes. J 7I9
qVaLIter aVrIfLVIs si phcebVs tenDIt ab VnDIs, )
eXorItVnqVe noWs soLe VIgente DIes. j 'I9
1 The city of Munster, in Westphalia.
248
BISHOP CLEMENT A UGUSTUS.
oMnIa LatItIA eXsatVrantVr, aVresqVe, feraqVe
eXVLtansqVe poLVs gaVDIa rara tenkt.
taLIter eXVLtant, pLaVDVnt, gratantVr, oVantqVe,
qVotqVot De nostrIs VrbIbVs esse VIDes.
eXoptata DIes pVrIs sVbVeCta qVaDrIgIs,
DIgnaqVe pVrpVreIs, aVrIfLVIsqVe notIs.
qVA tantVs patrIa reX est, PRiESESQVE statVtVs,
qVjE genVIt baVaro pLVrIMa Vota DVCI.
tV soL VIrtVtIs, VIVA qVIa LVCe CorVsCas,
VnDIqVe sVnt raDII CvnthIe CeLse tVI.
CynthIVs IngentI raDIas eXortVs In Vrbe,
totVs greX raDIIs pLaVDIt, oVatqVe tVIs.
LVX tVa VVestphaLICos ornat, DVX InCLyte, traCtVs,
ILLVstrat terras VIta DeCora tVas.
seD proprIjE sInt CorDa TVBiE, qVIbVs InstrepIt Io.
reX, aVthorqVe gregIs VIVe, VaLeqVe DIV.
DVX VBRfe fortIs, VIVas aVgVste, CohortIs,
mVa sVpreMa regas, VVestphaLa IVra geras.
sVbDIta gens, popVLVsqVe sVMVs, parere paratI,
LeX tVa qVanta IVbet, tanta sVbIre LVbet
en IVbeas qVoDCVnqVe LVbet, tVa Verba seqVeMVr,
Vt fas est pVeros IVssa sVbIre patrIs.
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
1719
prmsVLIs CLeMentIa protegIt,
IVstItIa DIrIgIt gentes.
1719
etsI rebeLLIs CoeCa LICentIa
RESlSTAT EFFRONS, ET MInItANS POLO
OBSTET, GlGANTiEOQVE BELLo
iETHEREO CAPlTOSA PVBES.
repVgnet aXI, non sVbIt6 soLent
TONARE C(ELI, NON DeVS iETHERlS
eLIDIt ICtVs, neC seVerVs
ore VIbrat IaCVLante fVLgVr.
ast parCVs Ir«, fVLgVrIs InsCIVs
et LentVs Ignes VoLVere, VInDICes
sVspenDIt enses VLtIonIs
Lora graVI CohIbens sInIstrA.
sIC eXpLICatA fronte sVaVIor
pLebI benIgnIs LegIbVs IMperat
reX paCIs aVthor, InCoLasqVe
IngenVA stabILIt qVIete.
AFFERT SATVRNl SiECVLA PATRliE,
affert saLVteM, soLLICItVs sVI
est prInCIpatVs, eXVLantes
Vt patrLe reVoCet VIgores.
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
249
ne SjeVa fIant IVrgIa pileCaVet
VeL eX rebeLLI DIssIDIo rVant
eXCIsa regna, CVrat Instar
soLLICItI patrIs atqVe regIs.
pVnIre nVLLo sVppLICIo nefas,
straVIsse pLanas CrIMInIbVs VIas
eXtat: patratIs ConnIVere
PEiETERlTlS, SCELERIS FVtVrI
est Vena, prjestat : sVppLICIo sCeLVs
CoerCeatVr, ne graVIter sVos
aVt proXIMos Lares Veneno
InfICIat VItIetqVe regna.
haC arte regI sVnt bona S-fcCVLA.
InVICtVs heros eManVeL pater
baVarICas hVCVsqVe terras.
IVstItIA et pIetate fLeXIt.
His DVX paternIs Vtere LegIbVs,
aVgVste prInCeps DIrIge sVbDItos,
IVst^qVe prjEsIs et benIgn£
effIgIes genVIna patrIs.
1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
= 1719
The subject of the next poem is ' Augurium Felicis
Regiminis? It fills more than one page, but it contains no
chronograms. The book concludes with the chronogrammatic poem
which here follows —
tIbI, CLeMens a VgVstE) )
Debet Vr perennIs gLorIa. ]
phcebe CLange, pLeCtra tange,
VIX rapIna, VIX rVIna,
non tereDo, non pVtreDo,
non fVLIgo, non rVbIgo.
nVLLa Labes, nVLLa tabes
est In IstA gLorIA.
tVqVe paLLas L^;ta bonas
CLeMentI affer Coronas,
LaVreatIs eX VIretIs,
pVrpVratIs eX rosetIs
sVaVIores Carpe fLores
PRO TROPHjEIs GLORliE.
gratVLantVr, appreCantVr,
et VbIqVe fabVLantVr,
non qVIesC^j* ferre grates
WestphaLI per hos penates
gratIoso, gLorIoso,
CLeMentIqVe prInCIpI.
2 I
1719
►=. 1719
►= 1719
1719
|?T*
* ■
250
BISHOP CLEMENT AUGUSTUS.
tVa faMa non nIgresCet,
honor iste vix senescet,
In perennI sCVLpta saXo,
ABSQVe NIGRA LjETA taXo,
speCIosa, gLorIosa
TVA SVNT PRiECONlA.
en VIresCIt, atqVe CresCIt
L/btIore MItra fLore,
non rVIna, VIX prVIna
hanC tenebIt, non noCebIt.
Vt VIgeret et nIteret
sospItatVr LaVreIs.
perDVrabIt LaVDe, stabIt
absqVe LiEVIs, pVra NifcVIS
non pVtresCet, VIX senesCet
sIne tabs, sIne Labe,
PER QVlETA, PACE LiETA
perennabIt SjECVLa.
►= 1719
►= 1719
= 1719
-xlfilT - "^
i J ^y^Sy-^S^ ' :*i^pp3
WtUh^^^^Sm-i^ fW^A %j^mmeJ^ ^■Ml
i*r*
&&Mmm7x*&a
GERMAN BISHOPS.
BISHOPS OF PADERBORN, COLOGNE, OLMUTZ, AND
FREISING.
V
At page 315. The epitaph in the Fiirstenberg chapel in the
cathedral, on the tomb of Ferdinand Antonius, Baron Fiirstenberg
and Canon of the Chapter, who died in 17 n, commemorates also
his relatives, William Francis Adolphus and John Adolphus, who
1615
> NSCRIPTIONS at Paderborn in Westphalia, from a work entitled
' Monumenta Paderbornensia ex historia . . . eruta, novis
inscriptionibus,' etc. By Ferdinand prince-bishop of Pader-
born and Miinster. Lemgoviae, 17 14. 40. (British Museum,
press-mark 206. a. 13. — Fuerstenberg. F.) This bishop was
also Baron Fiirstenberg. At page 284, inscription in the
vestibule of the Theodore Academy at Paderborn, in dedication of the
building by Bishop Theodore, bears this date —
ANNO EPlsCOPATVs
sVI. paDerbornensIs
trIgesIMo.
This Bishop Theodor von Fuerstenberg was elected in 1585. He
built ('erigit') the University of Paderborn in 16 14, and, according
to the chronogram, dedicated it in 161 5, the thirtieth year of his epis-
copacy.
At page 299 is this ' Inscriptio curias prseposituralis^ Paderbornse '
(inscription at the bishop's palace at Paderborn ; the first line alludes
to a device in the armorial bearings of the family of Fiirstenberg) —
sVnt bona sIgna DoMVs trabs fVrstenbergICa bIna,
noXIa qVm sVbIto non est L;EsVra rVIna.
ChrIste faC, haC VaLIDa Vt neqVeat VI CVrIa soLVI
PRiEPOSlTl eXpensIs ereCta JoannIs aDoLphI.
VIVIte PRiEPOSlTl faVstI; sVCCeDIte nobIs,
sICVt CertabVnt aLII sVCCeDere VobIs.
=s 1701
= 1701
= 1701
*$z BISHOPS OF FADER BORN AND COLOGNE.
- were also priests, and buried at another place, is dated by these
lines —
tres . CLerI . f Lores . e . prInCIpe . Monte . Creatos 1 _
HlNC . BENE . SVBLATOS . In . CceLIs . SPERO . RENATOS J "~ * ' * *
QVID . FAClANT . Hi . PARViE . VlTiE . MAGNiEQVE . fVerVNT )
SAT . BENE . VIXERVNT . LONGE . SATlS . ERGO . STERTERVNT J "~ l ' * *
LeCtor . non . ILLos . ast . fVnera . proprIa . pLora |
reCta . faC . hIC . ora . fors . haC . MorIerIs . In . hora. j "" l'11
i.e. I hope that the three flowers of the clergy, created from the princely
mount (Fiirstenberg) have departed hence propitiously, and that lifted
up into heaven t/iey have bun borti again. What could they do, they
have had enough of both lowly and high life; they lived rightly ', there-
fore they continued here long enough. O reader / bewail not their but
your own funeral. Do right, pray here {in this chapel), perhaps in this
very hour you may die.
BISHOP OF COLOGNE.
A tract of four pages (British Museum, press-mark 837. k \ 1.-73),
a poem in Latin hexameter verse addressed to
Joseph Clement,
Archbishop of Cologne . . . Prince and Elector . . . Bishop and
Prince of Hildesheim, Ratisbon, etc. . . . Duke of Bavaria . . .
Count Palatine, etc etc.
In sacra solemnitate Patroni sui S. Josephi,
pie et feliciter natalizanti,
Carmen.
Et vocavit nomen ejus Joseph. Gen. xxx. 24.
(Here follow the verses.)
At the conclusion is this epigram —
Si laus Pontificis pietas, pastoris ovili
Pellere pestiferos, voce favente, lupos.
Pnesulis hae, Bavari circumdant, tempora laurus :
Quidni felici cum grege, pastor ovet ?
Pastor ova Clemens, apto qui nomine Joseph,
Omnia qui renovas, Principe digna, viro.
Chronicon anni currentis.
proprIIs reDeat pr^esVL IosephVs CLeMens. = 17 13
In grati animi tesseram vovebat et pangebat
Fr. Bonaventura 6 Donnoghue, Minor Hibernus,
insufficiens verbi Dei Praeco Regius et
Exterorum Director in urbe Parisiensi.
This archbishop is the same who is mentioned at page 230 ante,
as the predecessor of Clement Augustus.
BISHOPS OF OLMUTZ AND FREISING. 253
WOLFGANG, BISHOP OF OLMVTZ.
MEDALS to Wolfgang, Cardinal Bishop of Olmiitz. I have
mentioned him before, in Chronograms, pp. 247, 249.
A medal to him bears on the reverse side —
VIta et aCta VVoLfgangIDe sChrattenbaCh epIsCopI aC
CarDInaLIs. =1721
The medal is further inscribed with the dates of the various steps
in his career, from his birth, in 1680, to dignity of cardinal in 1721.
Another medal is inscribed —
VVoLfgangI De sChrattenbaCh epIsCopI aC CarDInaLIs
proteCtorIs faVore erga sVos II qVatVor CatheDraLIs= 1725
eCCLesLe prjeLatos saCrIs InfVLIs DeCoraVIt. = 1725
Another medal is thus inscribed, it is dedicated by the bishop to
Saint John of Nepomuk —
DIVo IoannI, WoLfgangVs CarDInaLIs, pIe Defert sVos
HONORES. =1731
sVb IstIVs sanCtI patroCInIo DoMVs VtraqVe stabIt. = 1731
Another medal issued in 1730 by the bishop, to commemorate the
confirmation in 1728 of certain indulgences by the Pope; the dates
are thus indicated —
sVb feLICI gVbMo prInCIpIs a sCratebaCh antIstItIs
oLoMVCenI reCVsa est. = 1730
LaVDetVr IesVs ChrIstVs sVb gLorIa eterna aMen. = 1728
JOHN THEODORE, BISHOP OF FREISING.
A rare tract belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, folio, pp. 50,
printed at Munich, bears a title to this effect : — The most happy
union of the Lion of Bavaria and the Bear of Freising, celebrated by
the muses of Freising on 19th November 1723, when the most serene
and reverend Lord, John Theodore,1 Duke of Bavaria and the upper
Palatinate, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg,
Bishop of Ratisbon, was elected Bishop-coadjutor of Freising. The .
title-page, verbatim, is as follows : — ' Leonis Boici, et Ursi Frisingensis
unio felicissima, cum coadjutor Frisingensis, die 19 Novembris, An.
mdccxxiii. eligeretur serenissimus ac reverendissimus dominus,
Dominus Joannes Theodorus utriusque Bavariae, ac super. Palatinatus
dux, comes Palatinus Rheni, Landgravius, Leuchtenbergae, episcopus
Ratisbonensis. Celebrata a musis Frisingensibus. Monachii, typis
Joannis Luc& StraubiL'
1 John Theodore was elected Bishop of Ratisbon on 29th July 1719, Bishop-coadjutor
of Freising on 19th November 1723, Bishop of Liege on 23d January 1 744; was made
Cardinal in 1746 ; he died 37th January 1763.
254 BISHOP OF FREISING.
Page 3. Dedicatory address in Latin to the most serene prince,
in which the authors propose to offer congratulations to the ' Bavarian
Lion ' on the occasion of union with the ' Freising Bear.' This is
accordingly done in the succeeding pages of prose and poetry, fre-
quent allusion being made to the Scripture narrative of Samson, and
the lion in whose carcase honey was found, and pointing to the well-
known fondness for honey so natural to the taste of the bear ; this
allusion is intended as a symbol of the appropriate union of the
episcopal functions consequent on the election of this bishop. In
following up this cause of gratulation the muses are supposed to have
promoted the erection of triumphal arches with emblematical decora-
tions and inscriptions. To follow the description of them would be
tedious. The praise given to the bishop may be ingenious, but the
language used is florid, and the flattery is more than any one in the
present day (except perhaps in Germany) would willingly endure.
The best service performed by these triumphal arches is to bear the
chronogrammatic inscriptions, which I shall proceed to transcribe.
At page 12, in allusion to the honey, it is asked, (et quid urso
charius melle Y The arch bears the answer in gilt letters —
boII LeonIs, et frIsIngensIs VrsI \
DeI gratIA v= 1723
feLICIssIMa VnIo. j
a CoMeDente eXIVIt CIbVs. (Judges xiv. 14.) == 1723
et De fortI (Leone) eXIVIt DVLCeDo. (Ibid.) = 1723
These quotations are from the Vulgate Version, with slight varia-
tion, where Samson propounds his riddle. Again it is asked, at page
14, what can be more delightful than what is expressed in this couplet,
which was borne by the second arch prepared by the Muse Urania —
VIrgInIs aVspICIo baVarVs Leo IVngItVr Vrso : )
perpetVos Maneat neXVs VterqVe DIes. J x'23
The muse Terpsichore prepares the third triumphal arch, inscribed
with these words, alluding to the house of Wittelspach 1 as being so
productive of bishops —
r*CVnDa epIsCoporVM genItrIX. = 1723
ConraDo, atqVe enIChonI
De VVItteLspaCh . _
eCCLesLe frIsIngana; f"~ l'2$
epIsCopIs.
hVnC arCVM
gratItVDInIs et honorIs gratIA }>= 1723
ponIt frIsInga.
The Muse Thalia undertook the decoration of the fourth arch,
which was inscribed with compliments to other bishops of the house
of Wittelspach —
1 The Castle of Wittelsbach, the ancestral seat of the regal house of Bavaria, stands
between Ingoldstadt and Augsburg, was ruined in 1209.
I-
!■
BISHOP OF FREISING. 255
atLantI MaVro aDIVngItVr herCVLes. = 1723
DIoeCesI frIsIngensI CoaDIVtor VenIt ) __
lOANNES THEODORVS. J "~ l?23
rVperto, phILIppo, et henrICo
eX
CoMItIbVs WItteLspaChIo-paLatInIs )► = 1723
ContInVa per qVInqVagInta seX annos serIe
epIsCopIs frIsInganIs.
The fifth arch bore these inscriptions, to the same effect —
ERNESTO BAVARliE DVCI,
epIsCopo frIsIngensI,
dein y= 1723
s.r.I. eLeCtorI,
et arChIepIsCopo CoLonIensI.
VrsI frIsIngensIs, et Leon Is boII )
aD frangenDas h-«reses = 1723
fortItVDo herCVLea. )
The narrative now passes into a vituperation of Gebhard, Arch-
bishop of Cologne,1 who was declared guilty of heretical and scan-
dalous conduct in the matter of his marriage — ' Coloniensis ecclesise
predo, non presul, lupus verior, qukro pastor appellandus. Sceleris
socia Agnes Mansfeldia frit/ etc. etc These chronograms follow —
gebharDVM CoLonIA eXpVLIstI. = 1723
gebharDo LVpo CoLonIaM sVbtraXIstI. = 1723
An ' elegy' in hexameter and pentameter verse follows at page 29,
wherein the Lion and the Bear are represented in strong opposition
to Gebhard and his wife Agnes ;x and at page 32 a punishment of
their iniquity by those animals is hurled at them in words taken
from the Vulgate Version of the ' Wisdom of Solomon/ xi. 16, 18 —
' Pro cogitationibus autem insensatis iniquitatis illorum non impos-
sibilis erat Omnipotens manus tua immittere illis multitudinem
ursorum, aut audaces leones.' The denunciation of their conduct,
enforced by allusion to the same offence committed by Luther, is
accompanied by these chronograms —
DIspersVs est vsLebIVs :2 Leones eIeCerVnt eVM. = 1723
DIspergItVr LVther: Leones eIeCerVnt eVM. = 1723
nVMqVID rVgIet Leo In hoC saLtV? — Amos iii. 4. = 1723
Will a Lion roar in the forest when he hath no prey f
The Muses Calliope and Erato are said, at page 34, to preside
over the emblematical decorations of the sixth arch, wherein the
Lion is prominent ; the first of the chronograms is from the ' Song
of Solomon ' —
VenI sponse De CVbILIbVs LeonVM. — Cant. iv. 8. = 1723
DIrIpIet LaterI, VIs, VIrgInIs, VLLa, LeoneM? = 1723
1 See remarks at page 256, infra.
* Luther of Eisleben, the place where he was born.
956 BISHOP OF FREISING.
A column bore this inscription, and Erato speaks an ode
aLberto sIoIsMVnDo )
eX LeonIno stIrpe >= 1723
epIsCopo frIsIngensL )
Another column was dedicated and inscribed to Joseph-Clement,
• nomen jam astris receptum,' Archbishop of Cologne, lately dead —
Iosepho CLeMentI \
eX epIsCopo frIsIngensI f
CoLonLe AGRlpplNiE arChIepIsCopo I ' 3
steLLIs Inserto. )
The seventh arch was prepared by the Muse Clio, 'magnis labor-
ibus septimum generosa Clio arcum paravit' It was decorated with
Fauns, Satyrs, Hamadryads, and Oreads, to do honour to the bishop ;
the Lion is still prominent and supported by texts from the Bible,
some of which are made into chronograms —
IVstVs, sVb paLMa, qVasI Leo ConfIDens. — Prov. xxviii. 1. = 1723
sIMILIs faCtVs es LeonI In operIbVs tVIs 1
Ioannes theoDore. — i Maccabees iii. 4. ] ' 3
Some passages are adapted from the poet Claudian in further
praise of the bishop, including this one from Statius —
. . . serenatIs perfVsA nVbIbVs aVrA I
Metas nestorejE preCor egreDIare seneCta*. j "" l'2$
The Muse Clio concludes the allegory in praise of the bishop in
five pages of heroic verse, concluding with this address to him —
Magne Frisingani Comes, atque Adjutor Atlantis
Collibus Herculeo nostris succede lacerto :
Auguriis electe Deftm, qui solius alto
Virginis auspicio, Leo Boice, jungeris Urso.
Finis.
> -»— <
GEBHARDT, ARCHBISHOP OF COLOGNE.
XHE bishop who is alluded to at page 255 ante, is Gebhard 11.,
Truchsess von Waldburg, Prince-Elector and Archbishop of
gne; he was elected in 1578. He married Agnes Mansfeldt This
and other public acts of heresy brought him formally under the notice
of the Pope, Gregory xm., who addressed to the archbishop a pastoral
letter alluding to rumours which had reached him, and remonstrating
generally on his conduct In my search for some information on this
passage of history, I became acquainted with a very small book at
the British Museum (press-mark 698. b. 46 — Gebhardt, Elector and
Archbishop of Cologne). The title is — ' A declaration made by the
Archbishop of Collen, upon the deede of his manage, sent to the
States of his Archbishopric With the letter of Pope Gregorie the 13
against the celebration of the same manage and the Bishops aunswer
thereunto. According to the coppie imprinted at Collen 1583. —
London, printed by John Woolfe. 1583.1 It is an English transla-
GEBHARDT, BISHOP OF COLOGNE. 257
tion, and printed in black letter. The Prince-bishop declares his
adoption of the articles of the Augsburg Confession, and proclaims
to all persons within. his Archbishopric-see, not only the liberty of
their conscience (' always agreeing with the Word of God '), but also
the assurance that they should not be grieved, molested, or troubled
by any governors or magistrates whatsoever, and he proceeds to
declare freedom in other matters relating to their religion. This
document is dated 16th January 1583. The Pope then addresses a
strong remonstrance to him. The archbishop replies at some length,
defending his conduct, and, after quoting the ancient authorities, goes
on to say — ' 1 am resolved, following the laws of the Church above
mentioned, to leave that indiscreet vow of the " Celebat," which is
not in my power to perform, esteeming that this is lawful for me, for
avoiding of a greater evil, and for the better observing and accom-
plishing the vow of chastity which I made unto Jesus Christ ; and in
so doing I have framed myself according to the commandment of
God, submitting to His providence, and staying His protection, not
caring what evU men may judge, nor for the threatenings, dangers,
or any other thing whatsoever, and having in memory that which
Theodoras hath written in his fourth book, the tenth chapter, of the
ancient Christians,' etc. The tone of this letter is firm and temperate,
the archbishop asserts his own freedom of action, without defying the
Pope, and exhorts him to ' cast away from him' those who offend in
all the particulars which he specifically mentions, to the end that
'the Roman Church might recover her ancient dignity.' No doubt
some great dissensions and controversies arose out of this affair in
15839 the remembrance of which was revived 140 years after, viz. in
1723, the occasion of the foregoing chronograms alluding to Gebhardt
and Luther, prompting the bitter words which accompany them.
I find in Didot's Nouvdk Biographic Gtnkrale, xlv. 678, that
Gebhardt married clandestinely Agnes, Countess of Mansfeldt,
Canoness of Gersheim, at Bonn, in January 1582, and publicly
espoused her on ad February 1583. The Pope and the Emperor
interfered, and the States of Cologne declared that he should be
deprived of his functions ; .the sentence was confirmed by the court
at Rome, and he was excommunicated accordingly. Ernest was
nominated to the archbishopric. After many troubles, and failing to
engage the assistance of the German princes, he retired to Strasburg
with his wife, and died in a state approaching to misery on 21st May
1601.
FRANCIS-ARNOLD,
BISHOP OF MVNSTER AND PADERBORN.
A remarkable, and probably a very scarce tract, belonging to my
friend the Rev. Walter Begley, printed at Minister in Westphalia
in 17 10, folio, pp. 38, bears a title to this effect, — The temple of
2 K
258 BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
honour built up with every episcopal virtue to the eternal glory of
Francis Arnold, bishop of Minister and Paderborn, etc. etc., Baron of
Wolf-Metternich, by the college of the Jesuits at Cosfeld, on the
occasion of his dedicating the church of St Ignatius. The title-page
itself is somewhat complex, and concludes with four chronograms.
It is in substance thus —
'TEMPLUM HONORIS comportata ex episcopali fiindo prin-
cipalium virtutum materie extructum, et aetemae gloriae Reverendissimi
et celsissimi principis, et domini Domini Francisci Arnoldi episcopi
Monasteriensis et Paderbornensis, • . . etc., Liberi Baronis £ Wolf-
Metternich in Gracht, domini sui clementissimi, In perenne memoris
animi Monimentum ab Collegio Cosfeldiensi S. J. consecratum.
Quando Celsissimus hie Antistes Templum Ignatianum solenni ritu
dedicabat; Nempe,
Ista fVIt teMpLo gratIa DIgna CoLI. as 1 710
Die in quern quadrat iilud : sanCtIfICaVerItIs DIeM. =5 1710
Jeremiae xvii. 24.
Anno quo
sVbsILIens t- tu- w- saCrato berCVLa1 FL-Trtf~ ) ._
VIrtVs eX-eMpLo PRiECLARO WoLfIa L-^11' f- l^°
Monasterii Westphaliae : Typis Vidua NageL'
Observe that the title contains no date in figures ; also observe
the logograph or network arrangement of the words of the last
chronogram.
There is an engraved portrait of the bishop, which is subscribed
with his titles, and gives the additional information that he was a
prince of the Holy Roman Empire, that he was born 9th May 1658,
elected coadjutor of Paderborn 15th September 1703, succeeded his
uncle in the bishopric of Paderborn 23d May 1704, and elected
bishop of Munster 30th September 1706.
The subject of the tract is entirely in Latin. On the back of the
title-page there are many complimentary expressions to the bishop, in
the form of Scriptural allusions to the Temple of God, which glide
into this rhythmic peal, —
Poetica Campanarum Compulsatio, qud
Respublica latina, Gloria Wolff-Metternichicae studiosa
ad Templum Honoris evocatur.
Epigramma.
hVC LatIVM ! popVLoqVe freqVens ConCVrre senatVs ! 1
hVC, aVges sIqVIs Castra LatIna, VenI! / " "IO
1 The word ' Bercula ' frequently occurs. It is the Latin form of Berkel, the name of a
small river in Westphalia, which nses at or near Cosfeld above mentioned, and mils into
the river IsseL
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BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
IaM saCrIs CVnCtos assIsterk oportet honorIs;
saCra Canet pLeno nostra thaLIa Choro.
Ista DICata Deo saCra sInt, sanCtone rogabIs
saCra Canet sanCto nostra thaLIa LVpo.1
Admonitio ad Zoilos, epigramma.
Ite proCVL* CynICI, gens Carpere nata, theones:
torta soLent teMpLI Lora ferIre Canes.
Pages 3 to 7 are occupied by ' Dedicatio Templi Honoris/ and
addresses to his ' Highness' both in prose and verse ; and at page 8
these chronogrammatic verses commence (the words printed in italics
are so in the original) —
Vestibulum Templi honorarii
sive
Poeticus totius operis ingressus.
nrVhVsIA, VoLVCrIs qV* nVnCIa VeXerat, aVLA
sIC In berCVLeos faMa Canebat agros :
pLaVDe CeLer totIs, nVnC berCVLa pLaVDe, fLVentIs:
te tWs In pLaVsVs prasVL abIre IVbet.
VTX ea: pVrgatas IaM berCVLa sVrrIgIt aVresj
qVanDo pares resonat VoX Iterata sonos :
pLaVDe CeLer totIs, nVnC berCVLa pLaVDe fLVentIs:
te tWs In pLaVsVs piles VL abIre IVbet.
PRiEsVL abIre IVbet? DIC: InqVIt berCVLa. DICo,
ILLa LoqVaX retVLIt: PRiEsVL abIre IVbet.
CVr hIC abIre IVbet? qVa pLaVsVs CaVsa? reponIt
berCVLa, qVo (DoCeas) gaVDIa fonte fLVVnt?
eXVrget Vastata noVo haC CosfeLDIa CVLtV?
- (QViE nVnC est, prIsGe nIL nIsI rVDVs habet:)
sVaVIter an rVrsVs resonabVnt VrbIs In aVres
sVeta sVIs qVonDaM VaLLa tonare gLobIs?
qVIn sVperIs IpsIs VIX IVpIter Ista reVeLet
(faMa refert) aLIo gaVDIa fonte fLWnt.
qVoD si (berCLa rogat) pLaVsVs eXqVIrere CaVsas
haVD sCIo, tV CaVsas si LIbet, eVge Canas.
te tWs Is WLtV prjBsVL presents beabIt :
(faMa ssVbIt) IVsto gaVDIa fonts fLVVnt.
seqVe tVIs orIs bIno torrente refVnDet
aVLa DVpLeX: IVsto gaVDIa fonte fLVVnt.
Vrbs tVa, qVA nItVIt, DIVI saCrabItVr aDes
IgnatII: IVsto ga VDIa fonte fLVVnt.
S
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1 AUuditnr ad Lupum ooelitem et ad insigne Celsissimi, Lnpum Metternichicnm quid ni
Sanctum ▼occmus. 1 Petri a. 5, etc.
1 Cynici sive Cantni ▼ocantur Zoili a kw6* Cams. Theones qui omnia carpunt. Theon
poeta fait pcttdantissimae maledicentiae : indc Prov : ' Theonino denU rodert'
9 SuHre pro respondere. Cicero.
260
BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
DIXerat: eCCe sVos toto Dat gVroIte pLaVsVs
bbrCVLa: ter CVNCTiE sVbsILVIstIs AQViE.
affreMVere hILares per rVra propInqVa NAPASjS:
qVIsqVIs aDest propIor, tVnC qVoqVe, fa VnVs oVat.
qVIn aDeo sVperas, Mons,1 qVI ConsVrgIt In aVras,
fertVr bIs totIs eXILVIsse IVgIs.
sCILICet hos absens generas franCIsCe trIVMphos;
PORRO PRiESENTl CETERA BERCLa FERET.
LiETlTliE VIX ILLE SATIS CONSEDERAT jESTVs,
stareqVe VIX pLaCIDIs berCVLa CcepIt aqVIs;
qVanDo VentVrVs DIgne eXCIpIatVr Vt hospes,
CresCIt berCVLem CongrVa CVra fIbr*.
ergo LeVes sensVs nVnC hVC, nVnC eXerIt ILLVC,
et tantVs, qVIDqVID CogItat, hospes erat.
nVnC hoC, nVnC ILLVD IVstos DIsqVIrIt In VsVs,
CresCat Vt hospItIo gLorIa IVsta sVo.
CIrCensIs sVbIIt LVDVs tVnC peCtora: LVDVs
prInCIpIbVs gratVs, qVI soLet esse VIrIs :
qVo soLItVs Veteres thybrIs reCreare q VIrItes,
DVM paX eXVto stabat In Vrbe sago :
qVo nVper MVLtos retVLIt septentr/o pLaVsVs,
regIbVs* Ipse trIbVs qVanDo sVperbVs erat.
et tVa CIr Censes VenIVnt In peCtora LVsVs?
Contrahe MoX VotI berCVLa VeLa tVI.
naM tIbI CIr Censes qV* pVgnet beLLVa LVsVs?
saVa sVbest CaVeIs beLLVa nVLLa tVIs.
non tIbI LVnatIs faMVLatVr DentIbVs VrsVs :
non torVo pVgnaX per fVrIt ore Leo.
at tWs obtVLerIt CIrCI. tIbI LVDICra taVrVs:
at neqVeVnt ILLIs LVDICra bobVs agI.
ergo MoX tantos sVb peCtore VoLVere LVsVs
Cessa : VeL CVnCtIs nIL nIsI LVsVs erIs.
CessaVIt: totVsqVe fLVIt De peCtore CIrCVs:
tenDItVr In partVs CVraqVe, CorqVe noVos.
qVIn potIVs VarIo VenIat CoMceDIa gestV,
sIqVe potest, nobIs aVXILIetVr, aIt.
eXIgVo PRiEERAT tVnC aCtrIX ILLa theatro
(nVLLa fIgVra LoCo, poMpaqVe nVLLa fVIt)
VIsItat aCtrICeM pernIX tVnC berCLa, sVasqVe
ConVentVs CaVsas, Vt VenIt, orsa refert:
PRfisVL, aIt; MoX hospes erIt: rogo PRiEsVLE DIgna,
(e gVstV LVsVs eXhIbItVra) pares.
Ista sVbIt : GeLVM faXIt ; sIt CopIa LVsVs,
Vt LIbet hVIC taLI perpLaCVIsse VIro.
i=
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1 Mons, qui Cosfddiam coronat
1 Quando convencrant rex Polonise, Danue, Boruise.
BISHOP OFMVNSTER.
261
at neqVeo IVstIs LVsVs eXtrVDere sCenIs:
non sVnt pro tanto poMpa, sItVsqVe VIro.
nGstI qVIs nostro WLtVsqVe, statVsqVe tneatro,
et qVA stet tenVIs fabrICa fIXa D0M0.
tota rVInosIs VIX HiERET MaChIna tIgnIs I1
pars hIat ab pLWIo pVtrIDa qVjeqVe IoVe.
HOC PERSEPE FEROX LVsVs DAT BRVMa THEATRO%
qVa tegItVr, frIgens eX nIVe VestIs, Inest.
LVDItIs hoC totIes VentorVM tVrba theatro ;
tVrbo Vos qVotIes, et noVa pVgna IWat.
hoc qvoqve nalades lvservnt sibpe theatro ;
VberIVs qVotIes nIMbVs ab aXe rVIt.
non hoC se VarIo VertVnt prosCenIa VVLtV,
sCenICVs eXILI pegMate CVLtVs abest.
eXVLat hInC CantVSi proCVL aVfVgere Chores,
MansIt In eXIgVo gratIa parVa L0C0.
LaXIVs assIgnet nobIs fortVsa theatrVM%
et DIgnVs LVsVs, post breVe, LVsVs erIt.
DIXerat : AVDlTiE sVbsCrIbIt berCVLa CAVSiE,
et proCVL eX toto peCtore LVsVs abIt.
atqVe aLI5 nVnC VeLa VoLant: noVa peCtore gLIsCVnt
Vota: fer aVXILIVM, fer, bona paLLas / aIt.
VIX posCI bIbVLA se paLLas InaVDIIt, aVre,
aDVoLat atqVe InfIt: CVr tIbI berCLa VoCor?
ILLe refert: Dea grata saCras en berCVLa posCo
aVXILIo DeXtras, aVXILIoqVe CapVt.
sVnt tIbI, sVnt pLVres, DoMInos qVeIs attrahIs, artes :
et CVpIt IngenIo VIVere qVIsqVe tVo.
sVaVIa DIVIno tV fers epInICIa VersV,
si qVIs LaVrIgero fort* trIVMphet eqVo.
aptaqVe tV qVerVLIs VLVLas epICeDIa LabrIs,
qVanDo CVI rVptA pVLLa stat Vrna C0L0.
pLaVDere sCIs beLLe, beLLe sCIs pLangere : DoCta es,
trIstIa ore fLeas, LatIor ore sones.
tV qVoqVe tV DIgnIs, resonas noVa Dona, faVores,
aDVentVs, abItVs, paLLas VbIqVe LyrIs.
DVM ratIo eXposCIt, qVosqVIs te VertIs In VsVs,
et saLIt IngenII Vena perenne tVI.
In VersVs (te qV*so) tVas nVnC eXere VIres :
(aVferet Iste tWs pr>eMIa DIgna Labor.)
MaterIes franCIsCVs erIt, CVI berCVLa serpIt,
LVpIa CVIqVe sVTs, aLphaqVe serVIt aqVIs.
sCILICet hIC piuesVL (DVpLeX IVngetVr et aVLa)
post breVe berCVLeos VIsere gaVDet agros.
tVnC sVa, tVnC strVCto sVrgent enCjEnIa teMpLo ;
CVIVs opVs, CVIVs pr«stat In Vrbe nItor.
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Descriptio Theatri Cotfddiensis.
a6a
BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
sCILICkt hoC VersVs, et VkrtICIs sXIgIt artbs;
eXIgIt hoC, IVstVM, paLLas, honorIs opVs.
si prasVL CVr* est, CVRiK est si berCVLa ; LjetI
sXtrVe nVnC IVstVM paLLas honorIs opVs.
sIC 1 nIX nVLLa tVos aVsIt DrpIngere WLtVs,
qV* per hIVLCa sChoLuE teCta freqVenter aDest.
sIC non Densa tVos eXtIngVat fIstVLa VIsVs,
Infra qV* posItIs fVMat In ore VIrIs.
sIC neqVe perrosVs te terrItet VnDIqVe tIgnVs,
qVo VetVs eX oMnI parte Laborat opVs:
te qVoqVe, te pLWIVs non VLtra perfLVat aXIs,
qVI CoMpLVtrnsrs hIC faCIt esse sChoLas.
te qVoqVe te soLIto prIVet LanIena * tVMVLtV :
aVres non qVatIat sVbDIta tVrba tVas.
sIC Magnos Donent, et pLVres astra patronos,
qVIqVe IWent rebVs, qVTqVe faVore IWent.
sIC I Wet Ipse tVos prasVL CsLsIsslMVs aVsVs;
totaqVe ConatVs ConCrepet aVLa tVos.
sIC tIbI berCVLea no Fa sVrgat In Vrbe paLmstra ;
affLVat EXTRVCTiR MVLta IWenta sChoLa
VIX rVpIt CLaVso DIsCVrsVs brrCVLa Voto;
Ista* CanIt: Voto, Debeo berCLa tVo,
qVa tIbI, qVaVe tVo reDDatVr gratIa Voto?
Vt CapVt, est LIbIto, DeXtra parata, tVo.
qVIn VLtra IWat Ire : sVo se peCtore toto
DeVoVet obseqVIo serVa MInerVa tVo.
eXpLICVIsse LVbet totas nVnC, berCVLa, VIres,
atqVe LVbet totas appLICVIsse Man Vs.
pilmsVL VbI DIVertat, opVs, strVXIsse Laboro:
eX teMpLo properI sVrget honorIs opVs.
sVrget opVs: nVnC qVaLe Cano; CVI woLpIa VIrtVs,
soLaqVe MaterIes, soLaqVe CVLtVs erIt.
qVo tItVLo CLarebIt opVs? pLaCet haVstVs honorIs
eX teMpLo : pLaCeant IVnCta VetVsta noVIs.
sCILICet In teMpLIs sIt ConseCrator oportet:
hIC reCte In fanIs, prases, honorIs erIs.
qVI fLVIt eX teMpLIs ConCeptVs (berCLa reponIt)
InfLVXIt berCLa* sVaVIter Iste fIbrIs;
sVrgat honorIs opVs : LongIs qVoqVe fLoreat jeVIs :
seD, IWat, eXteMpLo sVrgat honorIs opVs.
sVrget opVs, sVrgetqVe statIM, tVnC asserIt Ista.
DIXerat, atqVe abItVs apparat VLtro sVos.
bIs MoX brrCLa* VaLe! VaLe! Vrge! sVCCInIt, Vrge!
Vrge opVs hoC ! abIIt paLLas, et Vrget opVs.
}-
r
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
7IO
1 Descriptio icholaram Cosfeldiensinm.
* Laniena sive domns Lanionia, icholis fapposita tsL
Et longum, formose, vale vale inqnit Iola, Virgil, EcL iii 79.
' Ista, scilicet Pallas.
BISHOP OF MUNSTER. 363
Pages 12 to 34 are filled with panegyrics in prose addressed to
the bishop, alluding to his genealogy and his armorial bearings,
particularly to the Wolf and to his title combining that word ; then
proceeding in prose and poetry to represent the * Temple of Honour'
m various stages of its construction, comparing them to the virtues
possessed by the bishop and to his mental and physical endowments ;
then passing on to the altar, the pavement, and the tower of the
allegorical temple, until it is difficult to say whether the structure or
the bishop is most honoured by the comparison. At page 34 we
arrive at what here follows, viz. the utterances of Apollo and the nine
Muses in chronogram, composed as ' logogryphs,' or network arrange-
ment of the words. It is the longest composition of the kind I have
met with throughout a prolonged search into the subject of chrono-
grams. It first gives the finishing touch to the ' temple.1 The whole
is printed thus —
Ternpli Honorarii
Coronis sive Finis
Epigramma
ad
Celsissimum
oMne CoronarI prInCeps sCIs fIne: Coronet ) =
annos ILLa, preCor, ser5 Corona tVos. j '
Itafaxit:
qVI Coronat te In MIserICorDIa:1 Psalm c\u 4. = 17 10
Deus optimus maximus Principium nostrum et finis.
= 1710
Syncharrha Musarum
Architects Palladi consummation Fabricam gratulantium.
Apollo.
paLLas opVs strVXIt: VerteX CoLophone* reLVXIt:
pLaVDIte Cyrrhmm (sIC preCor Ipse) Dea
LaXo VeLoCes nVnC gVttVre soLVIte VoCes : . _
sVaVIa nVnC UIkm tangIte fILa Lyrje. / " I7I°
et VobIs tersVs, peraoat M0D0 IVbILa, VersVs ; \ _
qVA, LIbet, arte fLVat, qVo IWat ore rVat.8 J "~ I7I°
Dithyrambus.
Musarum prima.
IGNE TORRENTlS FLAGRO DlTHYR- ^^ t 1 „„
ergo VeLoCes properare i-AMB1 /- «7«°
ERGO SE FVNDANT METRA PER CHOR- ^ )
atqVe troCh-*08- /- ^lo
1 Vulgate Version.
* Cohphonan ret addtre, prov. Significat swnmam mannm imponere.
* Observe these Leonine verses.
264
BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
antIbaCChI6s Mea CretIC"7>soVe ■
CongLobent fratres Labra IonIC- ^
ITE SFOHDrf ClT6™lBRA-CHESQVt
I7IO
I7IO
PjEONES VESTROS PROPERATE P-
neMo stbt sane CeLeranDo L-
ET PEDES TRlTl PROPERATE
aoMIne
ASSVS,
^VwCtL
entheVs nos
ore phcebVs qVanDo
rDo i-vsslT»
properatVs Vt noV-
pLaVsVs eXtet k CaMo-]
enIs
tecta pallas fabric-
et honorI ConseCr-
aVIt
In prjeaLtIs VIsa C-
LaVreata stat Cor-
onIs1
NVNC HON- OA
nVnC DeC-0RA
eXIoVntVr IVbILa.
pLaVDIte : perfeCtIs CLangant enCcenIa teCtIs :
hoC aganIppaas orat apoLLo Deas.1
1710
1710
►= 1710
1710
= 1710
Musa secunda.
Insonet aon-t1 DIgnVs nVnC pLaVsVs aV- t
sVaVes pIer-1a VersVs erVMpIte yj™*-
eXVLtent CLar-tt festIVo CarMIne CL-tvi
VIVaqVe CastaL-11 sVrgant In IVbILa r-1V1'
reCLangat t-
PROPERE TER BERCVLa-j
sIC Ignes ConCIto f-
eX Voto fL-^yy qVoD opVs fabra paLLas hon- ■ -
atqVe sVI str-va1t perrarI pIgnVs aM- ia
1710
1710
1710
1710
VTQVE SVPERBIF-Tr, TVRGET SVPER jETHERA V- ^y _.v v —
VVoLf-MetternICh-11-0 sIC fVLget fabrICa C-vlrfTV '~ l7I°
pLaVDIte : perfeCtIs CLangant enCcenIa teCtIs . __
hoC aganIppaas orat apoLLo Deas.1 1 "" l*l°
1 Coronis finem cujuscunque rei signifies*.
* Observe th* Leonine construction of these verses.
BISHOP OF MVNSTER. 265
Musa tertia.
ab aChIVo non Cab- t t x
qVeM sbV Ipso fabra V- lo
ARTE PALLAS EXTR-V i _
TANTA FABR* LaVs fL-VEBAT >~ I7I°
QVANTA PL- t.
fVsa V-enIs
ab honorIs fabrICa
Musa quarta.
aVCta rarIs teCta D- t 2
eXtrVebat reX sI-ONls :
teCta CeDVnt babyLt- To 3 . _ ^T
pVrpVratI non ner-0N1S' f~ i7i°
pretI- „a
fastV-0SA
sIC nItesCIt regIa :
eCCe sVperb-t Tr strVCtVra nItore tVM- rT ■ _
VIsVs reg-1f1^° LVXV refraCtVs heb-es^1t /" I7I°
hIC pVtes aVrI renItere m~ontks
aVreos IVres fLVItare f- ._
pVLChra sIC aVrI rVtILat Ven--- f- 7
fabrICa Cr-vst1s'
ILLa saCrIs teCta D- t
qVm strVebat reX sI-ONls' "
totVs orbIs qVm stVp- rT . _
Dare sVppar qVeIsqVe n-u1t r- J710
woLfI-
NEC PROF- ^
POSTFER ORBlS FABRICjE :
qVIppe VIrtVs DIgna L-.Vlm
V VoLFlANA, PRiESTAT- V R° ''
PRiE rVbInIs IVre T- j
et pyropIs prInCIp- )•= 1 710
EGO SC-T T
sIC poL-1T1
IaCto Dotes PRiEsVLIs.
1 Pallas Graecos in extruendo equo Trojano adjuvisse a Poctis fingitur.
1 Rex Stents Salomon.
* Nota est aurea Neronis regia.
2 L
266
BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
Magna non tr-
fabrIGe p-
IstIs
Musa quinta,
IaCet In prof-
bene strata f-
VnDo
a speI fortIs nItet ILLa D-
fabrICa M
Vro
1710
1710
ET SPEl D-
CharItas M-
Vros
pretIosa r-
tegIt Ipsa t-
eCto
et Cor arnoLDI sIne Labe, R- _aw
IVIt In-aram
1710
1710
InsIDens QV- faCIes hon-
AFFORlS T- T° RADlAT DeC- E
ESSE NATVRiE MONEO FAV- __e
hosCe DeC-ores'
1710
1710
EMINENT
spLenDet A F-
ICtIs
ASAROTA S-
LaqVare t-
IgnIs
PRiEsIDIs pIngVnt IbI Magna b-
faCta tab-
eLLjB.
1710
1710
TVRRlS 0RN~atTc TENET ASTRA C- f x
aMbIt hanC gr-at1s honor Ipse D- 1S
ANNE PAR ILLI NlTET In ROT-
fabrICa M-
VnDo ?
1710
1710
Musa sexta.
hortenses fLores, CeLeres aDferte sorores : *
affer formosas tvrba novena rosas.
CoLLIge non aLtas InCIso stIpIte CaLthas:
pars thyMa Carpta ferat, pars CvanosqVe gerat.
eXtensIs sportIs,2 qVIDqVID pVbesCIt In hortIs,
Infer; apIs fLaVos eXtrahIt VnDe faVos;
In honorIs neMpe s-eDe
aC parata nVper a-
fLora nInget sparsILIs.
hVC CVM IonqVILLIs, VIoLas Inferte qVasILLIs,3
HlC TVLIPjEQVe RVANT, PiEONLfcQVB pLVant.
I-
}=
1710
1710
1710
1710
1710
1 Conus Summus apex est in acuminatam figuram desinens.
* Sporta pro corbibns.
* Quasiui vel calathi corbes sunt ex vimine textse.
* Observe these Leonine verses.
BISHOP OF MUNSTER.
267
HYaCInthos pVrpVr-
tVberosas aLbIC- tes
beLL-IDesqVe rore fo-ctas
In Cor-
ILLa f-
InqVe Z-onas Ista
LeCtat
RATjE
PR^PA-
atqVe G-
spIrIt- t t
prInCIp- "
WoLFliE nVnC fabrICa
Musa septima.
faMa traCtVs per bor-
qVaqVe pVLCher sVrgIt-
QVAQVE PHCEB-y ARVA
eosj
T-
Vesper h-
ORRET
SER-
woLfI" ANl
Larga f- x
bVCCInet prasConIa,
Musa octava.
WOLFliE SVRGAT FABRIC^ VEN-,
nVLLa STRVOrVRiB noCeat Vet-
pLVrIbVs, nVLLIs teMerata n- vt
fLoreat- V1S'
>= 1710
►= 1710
VSTAS
= 1710
Musa nona.
EFFERfi PARCANT OPERl pROC- t t
reCtor hInC Ignes IAparjem f- '
hoC tVo noLI terebrare fce-d
Dente tere-
Apollo.
In CantVs fV&«, CantVs nVnC LInqVIte MV&*:
non fLVXAre sCabrIs Vota preCesqVe LabrIs.
eX VersV VIVos sVbIt6 nVnC CLaVDIte rIVos.2
PONlTE CVRRHiEiB, PLECTRA, CheLyNQVe, DEiE.
■ = 1710
}=
}-
1710
1710
Ad Lectoretn.
Nan cum Horatio ;
LeCtor LaVDet aMetqVe; Z. i. Ep. 3 ad Mactn. v. 35. = 17 10
1 Tracius Bora. Septentrio Eos pro aurora. Tres ubi Luciferos veniens pramiserat Eos.
Ovid. L. 3. Fast.
* Claudite nunc pueri rivos, sat prata biberunt. Virgil, Eel. iii. 1 1 1.
268 DIOCESE OF MA YENCE.
Sed cum Ovidio ; Laudatus abunde
Non fastiditus, si tibi lector ero. Z. i. Tristium ekg. 6.
Postremhm canens, hie Templum claudo.
Jamqut opus exegi. Ovid L. 15. Metam.
Eggfc&^*333a
THE ARCHBISHOPRIC OF MA YENCE.
A history of the affairs of the diocese of Mayence, or Mainz, by
f\ various writers, entitled, 'Rerum Mogunticarum, etc. etc.'
collected by Georgius Christianus Joannis, printed at Fraukfurt, 1722-
1727. 3 vols, folio. (British Museum, press-mark 9325. h.) The
archbishops of Mayence (Latin, Moguntium) were powerful prelates
and princes of the Holy Roman Empire. Chronograms seem not to
have flourished in the diocese with the same degree of luxuriance as
in the neighbouring dioceses of Bamberg and Wiirzburg. The work
now to be quoted being similar in character to the works by Gropp
already noticed, is almost bare of chronograms, when abundance
might have been expected, and some other of the local histories which
I have searched may be included in. the same comparison. The
three thick folio volumes have yielded only those which here follow.
VoL L p. 987, Lotharius Franciscus, archbishop and elector of
Mayence, was elected rector of the University of Erfurt A medal
thereupon bore this inscription —
His sVbnIXa thoLIs gerana aCaDeMIa sVrgIt, ) -
rVrsVs et InsIgnI fonte rIgata VIret. J 95
VoL iL p. 994. Archbishop Lotharius was also Bishop of Bam-
berg. He consecrated his nephew, John Philip Francis, as Bishop of
Wiirzburg on 9th November 1720. Medals thereupon were inscribed
in hexameter verse —
IngentI MagnI patrVI De LVCe afVLsIt. = 1720
In ConseCratIone nepotIs qVarto IDVs noVeMbrIs = 1720
Ioan. phILIp. franC ep. herbIpoLens. S.R.I. PR. DVX.
PR*P. MOG. = I720
en saCerDos MagnVs VnCtVs a patrVo nepos. = 1720
Vol. ii. p. 905. Archbishop Joannes von Bicken was elected in
1 60 1, and died in 1604. Both dates are contained in his names
introduced into these verses —
sicut aDaM a bICken bene nomine denotat annum = 1 60 1
infulie : ad exequias nomen ita omen habet.
NAM IOANNlS ADAMI A BICKEN NOMINA RITE = 1604
SI DIRIMAS, OBITUS SIGNA, NOTASQUE GERUNT.
F*
DIOCESE OF MAYENCE. * 269
Vol ii. p. 450. Arobrosius Saibaeus was made suffragan of
Mayence —
DoCtor aMbrosIVs saIb^Vs sVffraoaneVs fIebat. = 1723
At the convent of St Clara at Mayence, these verses were put up
in the church to commemorate the date and the names of the bene-
factors who built it —
qVanDo poLI CLaVes DenVs gregorIVs atLas, = 1272
et Vasto MIChaeL oCtaVVs In orbe gVbernat, = 127*
Virginis in Clarae clarum decus extruit sedem
Humbert de Wider, Francfurti jure senator
Lilienstam dictus, simul adjuvat Elisabetha ;
Quam Moguntinus Princeps Wernerus adornat.
Vol. ii. p. 799. The title-page of a catalogue of the abbots of
the Benedictine Monastery of St James, near Mayence, is thus dated
by the author's name, etc —
' Per Joannem Antoni, Witlichium, saepe dicti ccenobii pro tempore
Priorem, quern conventus nomine '
r. patrI WILheLMo honorIs, obserVantI,eqVe
ergo offerebat
p. Ioannes antonI WItLIChIVs V 1628
prIor s. IaCobI,
anno qVo InaVgVratVr ConseCratVrqVe abbas.
MogVntL* eXCVDIt antonIVs stroheker. = 1628
This is followed, on page 802, by six chronograms on the
inauguration of Abbot Wilhelm, thus —
Chronographia inaugurations R. d. Wilhelmi Abbatis S. Jacobi.
1.
pr*sIDente roMano pontIfICe Vrbano VIII, ) A ft
anno eIVs VI, f - I025
2.
REGNANTE D. FERDlNANDo II, VICTORlOSO, 1 _ j62g
anno regnI IpsIVs X, J
3-
MogVntIno arChIpr*sVLe et eLeCtore georgIo
frI. greIffenCLa a VoLrats, } = 1628
anno ILLIVs tertIo,
SVB SaCRjE VNlONlS BVRSFELDENSlS PRESIDE,
r.p. henrICo speIChnageL, sanCtI }•= 1628
PANTALEONlS PRiESVLE,
s-
a prIorI fVnDatIone, et noVI CcenobII In
CoLLe, Vt aIVnt, speCIoso, } = 1623
eXstrVCtIone, anno DLXXVIII,
}-
270 DIOCESE OF MAYENCE.
6.
gVILheLMVs II, abbas sanCtI IaCobI, In IpsIVs |
ss. trInItatIs profesto eLeCtVs, > = 1628
XXVIIII oCtobrIs InaVgVratVr. )
Vol ii. p. 842. At the monastery of the Carmelites in Mayence,
a statue of the Virgin Mary was placed by Charles Duke of Lorraine
in 1689, in commemoration of the victories of the imperial army over
the French, with this inscription —
VIrgInI MatrI )
DVX LotharIngIje CIVItatIs serVator >= 1689
PONEBAT. )
The Prior of the monastery subsequently added this —
CVLtVs MarIanI spLenDor = 17 12
EST
DVratVra CarMeLI gLorIa. = 171 2
THE DIOCESE AND BISHOPS OF
WURZBURG.
, RTAUNUM has been regarded by the older geographers1
as, according to Ptolemy, the ancient Latin name of
Wursburg, and Herbipolis as the ' vulgar ' Latin. The
latter seems to be a translation of the German name
into that language. Wirceburgum, another Latin
name, has probably its origin also in the ' vulgar ' Latin. Franconia
Orientalis is the Latin form of Franconia, the territory in which the
city lies ; and Eoo-franconia has the same meaning. These names
occur often in this present chapter. There is, however, another
claimant for the name Artaunum, or Artaunon ; the ancient Roman
fortress in the Taunus Mountains, a few miles from Homburg in
Hesse, known as the Saalberg, has been identified to the satisfaction
of some German antiquaries with the place mentioned by Ptolemy ;
it may be that the two places bore the same or a similar name. I
have before remarked that a search for chronogram inscriptions in
public places and churches at Wiirzburg is disappointing, and it is
remarkable that the place having been very productive of printed
books containing a superabundance of chronograms, so few should
now be visible there. It is possible that the restorer and destroyer
have been at work, and that chronograms have met with the common
fate of being ' improved away/
A history of the diocese of Wiirzburg is contained in two thick
1 See Ortelius, edition 1578.
272 BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
folio volumes in my possession, consisting together of about 1817
pages, by Ignatius Gropp, of the order of St Benedict, Prior in the
monastery of St Stephen at Wurzburg, professor and librarian, and
priest of the Scotch church of St James. Very many chronograms
are therein, which I shall proceed to extract, together with such por-
tions of the narrative as may be needful for their elucidation. The
work is replete with interesting and curious historical narrative, both
sacred and secular, such as the lives of the bishops who had the rank
of princes of the Roman empire and dukes of Franconia, and had
supreme jurisdiction within their own territory ; the other clerical
dignitaries, the public institutions of the city, churches, monuments,
epitaphs, shrines in the diocese, and the miracles said to have been
wrought at them, copies of documents, liturgies in use in the diocese,
forms of blessing the crops and of exorcism, legendary matters in
verse, essays on morals, faith, and doctrine, the cause of the Swedish-
German war (the Thirty Years' War), notices of civil and local history,
and chronicles of events, plague, pestilence, and famine, storms, tem-
pests, and floods, genealogies and memoirs of emperors, princes, and
prelates, and, what most concerns my purpose, a harvest of chrono-
grams. This is but an imperfect outline of the contents of these
volumes. The whole is in Latin. There are many good engravings
of buildings, and of the coins and medals struck by the bishops, and
a fine engraved frontispiece to the second volume. The work is
compiled in honour of the one thousandth anniversary year of the
bishopric. The title-page commences, Collectio novissima scrip-
torum et rerum Wirceburgensium a saeculo XVI, XVII, et XVIII,
hactenus gestarum, pro coronanda decies-saecularia aetate episcopatus
Wirceburgensis adornata, etc. (the principal contents are mentioned).
Opera et studio P. Ignatii Gropp, Ord. S. Bened., etc. Printed at
Frankfort, 1741.1
Volume I.
Page 56. The studies at the city of Wiirzbuig were revived by
Bishop Frederick at the date thus given —
pLaVDIte Vos IVVenes eXtrVCta est a frIDerICo 1 6
herbIpoLI rVrsVs pRiEsVLE faVsta sChoLa. j "" x5
Page 107. A chapter is devoted to a notice of the ' ancient burials
of the hearts of some bishops of Wiirzburg in the church of the monas-
tery of Ebrach,' a town in the diocese. The heart of bishop Julius,
1 There is a copy of the work in the British Museum.
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG. 273
who died in 161 7, was buried there, and subsequently removed to the
university church, where it was entombed in a handsome cenotaph,
described at page 621, with an inscription commencing 'cor julii,'
and concluding —
HONORATfe hIC reConDItVM. = 1707
Page 143. Many persons of distinction were buried at Ebrach.
The following chronograms were among the epitaphs : — A pious bene-
factress, Matilda Teuffel (the name is put in the feminine form,
' Teufelin/ literally she-devil), was buried 19th August 1330. That
date was thus given 1 —
LVX profesta fVIt bernarDo, DesII Vt esse, ) =
regIo ebraCensI tanta patron a L0C0. J x^3
The death of her son Conrad, on the 23d May of the year 1348,
was thus given —
VIgIntI et trInos Vernantes protVLIt aXes ) = «
soL, CaDo ConraDVs, spIrItVs astrjE sVbIt. J 34
The remains of Matilda were removed in the year expressed by
her name- MeChtILDIs. = 1652
The abbot Peter, on 27th February, caused this removal when
restoring the buildings destroyed by war, and this chronogram, 4 com-
plectens diem, mensem et annum translations, et nomen reverendissimi
domini translatoris,' commemorates the event —
terqVe noVeM febrVVs CLaros ConspeXerat ortVs, ) = -
prjEsVLe sVb petro transLatIo faCta sepVLChrI. J *
An engraving on page 142 represents the original slab of their
tomb exhibiting their effigies, and an inscription, but no chronograms ;
doubtless they were made at a later period
Page 352. The history of the assassination of Bishop Melchior in
1562, by one Krezerus, who was burnt for the crime. This couplet
gives the date —
CreCerI en! CIneres, non CorpVs; tVrpIVs IsthVC ) _ 6
Vt frVeretVr hVMo, teXIt In Igne rogVs. J 5
Page 420. The Franciscan monastery at Wiirzburg, founded in
1246 (Quadraginta annis et sex post mille, ducentos), was restored by
Bishop Julius in the year —
fVnDItVs aC proprIo DVX, nI Vrat are refVLCIt ) _ A
CeLebrIorI IVLIVs praConIo. J "" I0°4
Page 428. Bishop Julius died on 13th September 16 17, at three in
the morning, * Annum mensem et diem ejusdem obitus poeta binis
versibus chronicis annotavit ' —
soLIbVs ILLVCet VICenIs VIrgInIs astrVM, I ,
IVLIVs Vt prInCeps VItjE sVa fata resoLVIt. J '
Pages 504-510. The church of the Apostles was built by Bishop
Julius, and dedicated by him in 159 1. A descriptive poem, entitled,
1 See also page 284 infra, concerning the devil and his mother.
2 M
274
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
' Encaenistica poeinatia,' terminates with these chronograms, giving
the date according to certain modes of computation not completely
explained —
Disticha chronologica
ab orbe condito.
parthenIaM aCCepIt teLLVs wIrtzbVrgICVs aLMa
PRiEsVL apostoLICVM DVM beat ^De ChorVM.1
Ab urbe condita.
seXta septeMbreIs soL LVCe pr^IVIt Vt IDVs,
obtVLIt herbIpoLIs regIa fana Deo.2
Ab ortu D. Virginis.
ChrIstIparjE InnoCVos LVX VIrgInIs InCIpIt ortVs
qVje beat eChterI fana stVpenDa DVCIs.3
A nativitate Christi.
^Va gens LVCe CoLVnt ChrIstI nataLe parentis,
aDes VVIrtzbVrgI fIt noVa saCra Deo.
Diem, mensem, annum consecrationis, Patronos
et Fundatorem novi templi Killianei continens.
BlS SENOS PATRES ORNABAT JVLIVs iEDE,
annWs Vt Magna: VIrgInIs ortVs erat.
Volume II.
Page 76. Bishop Julius4 rebuilt the church of the miraculous
Virgin (Templum b.v.m. Thaumaturgae) at Dittelbach, which was con-
secrated with great solemnity in 16 13. Hither came often kings and
princes, hither came the bishops of Wiirzburg, hither came the faithful
of every age, and a multitude of both sexes came seeking her benign
help. When, in consequence of the length of the journey, or from
other causes, people were prevented from coming, they made valuable
presents to the church. A splendid altar, with an image of the mira-
culous virgin made of silver, was given to the church by Prince John
Philip of Greiffenclau, bishop of Wiirzburg. The accompanying fac-
simile of the engraving represents the throne, and the chronograms
above and below it give the date —
Ioannes phILIppVs DeI gratIa epIsCopVs herbIpoLensIs, J
e LIberIs baronIbVs a greyffenCLaV s.r.I. prInCeps, > =
FRANCIiE ORlENTALIS DVX. j
eX pVro argento trIbVIt sIne Labe parentI I __
hVnC VIrtVte thronVM, stet sIne nVbe Deo. / ~"
i.e. John Philips by the grace of God bishop of Wiirzburg^ of the family
of free barons of Greiffenclau, prince of the holy Roman empire^ and
Duke ofFranconia, gave this throne of pure silver to the parent without
}-
6790
}-
2343
}-
1606
}-
1591
}-
159*
1701
1701
1 This date from the creation of the world seems not to agree with any authority, Jewish
or otherwise.
3 This date from the building of Rome nearly agrees, thus 753+1591=2344.
* This date from the birth otthe Virgin Mary is based on tradition, which assigns to her
about 16 B.C. Here the age of 15 is assumed, thus 15 + 1591=1606.
4 See Chronograms, p. 474.
I
j
keUberhmivnByir
)agr*tfenCLa¥.S.n.I
fX rtfro qjymtotrffl/lt jlnehaheyarend
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG. 275
stain (of sin) in excellence y may it remain cloudless before God, (This
gift is again alluded to at page 613 of the history.)
Page 91. The church of Lautenbach was restored in the year of
the accession of the emperor Leopold 1., which was thus indicated in
the inscription placed there —
Anno quo
LeopoLDVs I. fIt IMperator ab aLto. = 1658
The inscription tells that the restoration was effected through the
munificence of two brothers who died —
Anno quo
Mors hosCe fratres DIssoLVIt. = 1657
Page 128. Saint Bilhildis was an abbess some time in the seventh
century. She was of a Franconian family. Her relics were brought
to the church of Hochem. The year of her birth is thus expressed in
verse —
bILhILDIs nata, IngenVo qVoqVe sangVIne grata. = 625
And the removal of her relics to their native place is dated by this
verse —
HiEC, qVos DIMIsIt, pIa nVnC patrIota reVIsIt. = 1722
Page 1 88. In a chapter devoted to the progress of the University
of Wiirzburg, a jubilee to commemorate the foundation is thus dated
in an inscription —
appLaVDe : IVbILjeVM est VnIVersItatIs herbIpoLensIs. = 1682
And the following appeared over what was called the ' golden
gate '—
IVbILa fert annVs; DIVIn^e paLLaDIs iEDES ) = 6g
VIsere fas nobIs; aVrea porta PATET. J
And a medal thus marked the year of the jubilee —
abIt annVs CentesIMVs fVnDam; VnIVersItatIs herbI-
poLensIs. = 1682
Page 199. An educational institution, called 'Gymnasium
Miinnerstadiense,' at Wiirzburg, was opened in 1685 ; the first comme-
moration jubilee there was held in 1735, when these chronograms
were made, ' in perennem ejusdem jubilaris anni memoriam inter alia,
sequentia distich a chronographica ediderunt ' —
orbI qVo affLICto ConCessIt IVbILa CLeMens 1
papa, Vt paX fLorens effera beLLa fVget; J '"
IVbILa fert annVs, reDIens fert IVbILa prInCeps ; ) =
Iste ergo nobIs optIMVs annVs erIt. J
In addition to the date of the jubilee, 1735, the first distich alludes
to the peace which followed the war on the Rhine, between the
emperor and the king of France ; the second alludes to the return of
Prince Charles to Vienna after his visit to Wiirzburg, the three events
occurring in the same year.
Page 215. Johannes Godefrides of Aschausen, Duke of Franconia,
the sixty-second bishop of Bamberg and Wiirzburg, from i6i7to 1622.
1735
276
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
}-
l622
l622
l622
He is described as a man of austere habits, observing the most severe
rule of life to insure the practice of every moral and religious duty ;
some of the particulars are very curious. He reigned at Bamberg
thirteen years, and at Wurzburg five years. He died at the age of 47,
in the year thus given in his epitaph —
goDefrIDVs VerVs D. g. epIsCopVs. =
Another inscription to his memory is thus dated —
goDefrIDVs DVX franConL*. =
And another is dated thus —
pranobILIs franConLe aVLa pIo affeCtV aC serIo
geMItV aCCInebat.
Another inscription, alluding to the place of his birth, Aschausen,
concludes with these words —
obiit,
e comitiis Germanise Ratisbona
abiit,
in coelum ut speramus ;
sIDerI pVrIssIMo sVo asChaVsIa trIstIs. = 1622
Page 228. An elegy relating to his good deeds commences thus —
Godefridus specialissimus Societatis Jesu Benefactor.
Vt fVnDatorI sVo Vere benefICo patres baMbergenses, = 1622
Magno DVCI et faVtorI wVrtzbVrgenses, = 1622
AVGVsTiE aCaDeMI^e sVje restaVratorI trebet*, as 1622
patrono Magno, qVaqVa patet, DeVota IesV soCIetas, = 1622
qVarto kaLenDas IanVarIas MortVo LVgebant. = 1622
After some allusion to the college at Bamberg founded by him,
the elegy proceeds thus —
Lemma Chronologicum.
I.
Ioannes goDefrIDVs ab asChaVsen babenbergensIs et )
wVrtzbVrgensIs epIsCopVs In ConVentV pVbLICo > =
ratIsbonensI e VIVIs eXCessIt. j
II.
Ioannes goDefrIDVs DIgnVs VIta perennI prInCeps obIt.=
Lemma Eteologicum.
I.
obIIt pater patrIjB VICesIMo nono DIe XbrIs. =
II.
sVrgere bIs bIno IanI parat ante kaLenDas ) _
phosphoros, Vt PATRliE soL goDefrIDVs obIt. J ""
Page 231. Some memorial verses conclude by stating in chrono-
gram that he died on the festival of St. Thomas of Canterbury (the
29th December) —
Iohannes gotfrIDVs festo s. thoMje CantVarIensIs e VIta
abIIt. = 1622
Page 281. Philippus Adolphus of Ehrenberg was the sixty-third
1622
1622
1622
1622
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG. 277
bishop of Wiirzburg, from 1623 to 1631 ; the year, month, and day of
his election was marked by the following ' chronophaenomenon ' —
febrVa prjehebat tItan, et aDoLphVs ab ehrenberg ) = fi
herbIpoLItan^ IVs DItIonIs aDIt. c — l 3
phILIppVs aDoLphVs ab ehrenberg WIrCebVrgensIs
epIsCopVs et franConLe DVX seXto febrVarII eLeCtVs.
Page 298. Franciscus von Hatzfeld was the sixty-fourth bishop,
from 1631 to 1642. His election is thus dated —
franCIsCVs ab hatzfeLDt sIt DeI gratIa epIsCopVs
}-
1623
}= 1631
1622
wVrtzIbVrgensIs et franCI^e orIentaLIs prInCeps.
Page 303. Jodocus Wagenhauber was made suffragan bishop of
Wiirzburg ; he was celebrated for his learning. He appears in the
historical page as a * bright star,' * Annum mensem, diemque, quo per
inaugurationem episcopalem ceu Mystica Stella suo splendore primum
Franconico solo radiare coepit, applaudentes sequenti chronodisticho
animadvertebant ;'
Vt bIs septeno oCtobres soL ante CaLenDas
fVLserat, en fVLges steLLa, IoDoCe, noVa.
goDefrIDVs DVX franConLe = 1622
I0D0CVM WagenhaVber tIara ornabat. = 1622
The narrative says that he was admitted to the cathedral chapter
in 1618 ; and was raised to the dignity of suffragan in 1620, and con-
secrated to the episcopate by bishop Johannes Godefridus, ' propriis
manibus,' on 18th September 1622.
Page 457. The accession of Leopold 1. to the throne of Germany
was thus marked, ' cum jucundo versu, hie opportune repetendum,
quod tale est,'
LeopoLD Vs soL IMperII = 1658
Es Leopolde Leo, sed nomine ; si tamen et re
Vis esse, esto malis ; Agnus at esto bonis.
Page 515. Petrus Philippus was the sixty-seventh bishop, from
1675 to 1683. There are some fine engravings of his coins and
medals. One of the latter bears this inscription and device ; it marks
the university jubilee —
abIt annVs CentesIMVs fVnDat^ VnIVersItatIs herbI-
poLensIs, = 1682
SUB bina triade gloriosior.
In the centre a hand holds by a ribbon two shields, each bearing
three devices, the first being three rings for bishop Julius, the second
three hearts for bishop Peter. The university was founded by bishop
Julius in 1582.
Page 537. Joannes Godefridus of Guttenberg was the sixty-ninth
bishop, from 1684 to 1698. On the decease of bishop Conrad in
1684, he was elected as bishop while only in deacon's orders. His
election was confirmed by Pope Innocent xi. in 1686, and he was
278 BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
consecrated to the episcopacy on the day of St Thomas of England '
(i.e. of Canterbury) the 29th December of that year. The date is
thus given —
qVo saCra CVrrebat LVX thoMa prasVLIs angLI ) = ,«,
ConseCrata rosa est nobILIs herbIpoLI. J
The word rosa in italics alludes to the rose, his armorial device.
Page 547. Here begins a collection of epitaphs of bishops and
persons of distinction, occupying about sixty pages : many of them are
dated by chronogram. At page 558, the eulogistic epitaph of Chris-
topher Francis von Rosenbach, dean of Wiirzburg, is thus dated
(observe the play on his territorial name) —
sparserat In terrIs rarjE VIrtVtIs oDoreM ) = 6g
nVnC VlRET iETHEREO NOBILIS AXE ROSA. J '
Abi viator et bene precare, ut
rosa bonI oDorIs In tVMVLo qVIetIs I ,«
sVaVIter reqVIesCat. / "" I05'
Page 567. John Sebastian Schenck was a canon of Wiirzburg. He
died in 1649. * Brother Werner caused an altar to be erected in the
cathedral to his memory, with an inscription, In honorem Dei
Omnipotentis,' etc., and concluding with —
MoestVs ID aLtare CVrabat. = 1661
Page 573. Vitus Theodoricus von Erthal was a canon of Wiirz-
burg. He died in 1686. His epitaph thus concludes —
VaDe VIator Mea VestIgIa parI LVCtV InseqVerIs. =* 1686
Page 602. In the parish church of Everdorff the epitaph of an
illustrious lady, Joanna Margaret Stadion, is thus dated, and her age,
65, is also mentioned —
Lenta morte extinguretur anno
qVo pIe DefVnCta LIb. baronIssa Ioanna Marg. 1 6
seXagInta qVInqVe VItjE &Vm annos attIgIsset. J ~" W
The epitaph of another lady in a church at Wiirzburg, who died
on 31st August 1679, thus concludes —
aVtVMno heV! fatIs fLos est DeCerptVs InIqVIs. = 1679
Page 607. John Philip von Grieffenclau l was the seventieth
bishop of Wiirzburg, from 1699 to 17 19. The year of his election —
Ioannes phILIppVs baro a greIffenCLaV In VoLraths )
DeI gratIa epIsCopVs et prInCeps herbIpoLensIs, >= 1699
FRANCIiE ORlENTALls DVX. j
The gift of the silver image by this bishop, already mentioned at
page 274 ante, is alluded to again at page 612 of the history. And at
page 623, the erection by the bishop of another sacred image is
mentioned, which, from pious motives, in the time when war was
1 See Chronograms, p. 475.
}-
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG. 279
carried into the country for safety, to the great distress of the people.
This inscription was attached to it —
protege prInCIpeM aC sVbDItos = 1708
et Da nobIs tranqVILLa paCIs teMpora. = 1708
Page 629-631. A long ' Elogium Sepulchrale ' commemorates the
death of Bishop John Philip. He died in the year and on the day
marked by these concluding chronograms —
Anno aetatis sexagesimo septimo,
Die, quo Ecclesia invenit S. Stephanum,
Ne felicem dubitaremus mortis excessum,
Quia pius athleta a Divo Stephano invitatus ad coronam,
cum Psalte cecinit ;
CorDe et hVMILes spIrItV saLVabIt.1 Psal. xxxiii. 19. = 17 19
eXVLtabo et L^btabor In MIserICorDIa.1 Psal. xxx. 8. = 1719
Abi nunc viator
pIo prInCIpI bene preCare; *
reqVIesCat In sanCta paCe, J>= 17 19
et respIret In ConsortIo sanCtorVM.
Page 649. The public lamentations of Franconia on the death of
the German Emperor, Joseph 1., were commemorated with the assist-
ance of Bishop John Philip, by the erection, in the cathedral of
Wurzburg, of a great funereal structure called 'Theatrum Doloris,'
which was loaded with emblematical ornament and inscriptions.
Among the latter was the following, arranged in short irregular lines,
but which I transcribe in a form more convenient for the reading of
the chronograms —
IosephVs I. \
eX LeopoLDo I. fILIVs I. > = 171 1
aVgVstVs natVs ante aVgVstVM, j
an. mdclxxviii.
IVLH CesarIs Mense, LeonIs sIDere, = 1711
genItrICe eLeonora In Magn^e aqVIL<e nIDo patrIo, = 1711
sCeptIgera IstrI DoMIna et CapIte VIenna. = 1711
Leo eX Leone, aqVILa eX aqVILA, aCCresCens eX Magno
IosephVs a IoVe aVstrIaCo, aLta progenies. = 171 1
Ita nVLLa fVtVra eXIMIa prjeLVDente, In partV IngentI,
natVra, qVeVnt esse parVa. = 1711
eXCeLsas CVnas parIa seCVta eXCeperVnt oMIna; fasCI/e
In fasCes transIre; prjeteXta In pVrpVras. = 1711
DeCennIs InsIgnItVs pannonLe et BOHEMIiE Corona. = 17 u
AN. MDCLXXXVIII.
aD qVaM IVs habVIt a sangVIne, sVffragIa a VIrtVte,
Vna In aVrea soLIa nata, soLa In aVreIs soLIIs trabeata.= 171 i
1 Quotations from the Vulgate Version of the Psalms.
i8o
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
DVoDennIs, fVsIs DIV totIVs orbIs eXoptatVs VotIs
aVgVsTA ELECTVS = 17 1 1
per ConCorDIa approbantIs IMperII sVffracIa, = 1711
reX roManVs
In IanVarIo
an. mdcxc. }• = i7h
aVreas CLaVes obtInVIt regnanDI orbIs VsVs In terrIs
a patrIs obItV,
aDeo VIVenDI fInes sVpergressVs, non annIs, seD CoronIs
eXpLeVIt et breVI spatIo In se Ipso IngentIa regna, et
Integras gentes fInIVIt. = 1711
sVrrogatVs aD soLIVM In paternI VenIt beLLI IntestInI,
et eXternI sjeVos fVrores, nIgrosqVe tVrbInes. = 1711
qVoD prIVs MILes gessIt teVtonIjE tropileIs atqVe eXWIIs
InsIgnIs; CiESAR reXIt, = 171 1
gLorIosas aqVILas VbIVIs CIrCVMtVLIt, ItaLIa Vrbes
ferro reCepIt an reCLVsIt? tVrIho agonIzantI sVppetIas
prjEstItIt; = 1711
Certo DoCVMento aVstrIa = 171 1
In soCIos fIDeM CVra esse, In hostes sortIs assortIjE non
ABESSE. =1711
neapoLIM VenIt, VIDIt, VICIt. IberIa regIones sVbIVgaVIt;
bataVIs sIgnIs affInes agros oVans peragraVIt. = 17 11
gaLLIas pro paCIfera oLIVa sVppLICes speCtaVIt;
VngarIa^I eXpVgnaVIt, IVgVLata rebeLLIonIs bestIa. = 171 1
CVpIs pLVra! herCVLes fVIt;
.nIsI sVperat.
hVIVs bInas In
1°. 1°.
CoLVMnas Venerans, InsCrIbes;
pLVs VLtra.
erro non pLVs VLtra,
sta LeCtor et
IntVere saCro sILentIo VeL trIstI In Vrna >.= 171 1
repentInas CiESARls VMbras ; effarI CogerIs;
aVgVstVs IosephVs erat.
The description of the ' Theatrum Doloris ' is continued through
five more pages, with two or three unimportant chronograms, conclud-
ing with this ( Epinicium Chronodistichum ' —
aVgVstVs tantVM InCreVIt IosephVs, Vt Ipsa \
post seX sIDVs oVans tangeret astra poLI. j I7"
Page 660. The Emperor Joseph was succeeded by his brother
Charles vi. in 17 12. The event was celebrated at Wiirzburg by
grand illuminations, exhibited at the command of John Philip, the
This chronogram makes 1716. It is thus in the original, but probably an error.
BISHOPS OF WURZBURG. 281
prince-bishop, on 13th January 17 12. Triumphal arches and other
decorations, adorned with pictures and statuary, were put up, all
having appropriate mottoes in words taken from the Bible and'
several of the ancient classical authors. A description of the pictures
would be tedious, and the inscriptions, when taken alone, are some-
what pointless ; but as the latter were chosen to give out a modern
date chronogramraatically, they become noteworthy and curious.
They are as follows —
sIC DVCIs Vrget aMor. Claudian, de bell. Get. v. 405. = 17 12
CVM gaVDIo faCIant. Hebrews xiii. 17. =1712
DrDVCIs et reDVCIs. Wisdom xvi. 13. =1712
Magno teLLVs perCVssa trIDentI. Virgil, Georg. 1. 13. = 171 2
CVI gLorIa LaVDeM. Virgil, ii. Mn. 528 (sic). = 171 2
LVCeM Densa Inter nVbILa. Virgil, i. Georg. 444. = 17 12
generatIo reCtorVM beneDICetVr. Psalm iii. 2 (sic). = 17 12
CInCtVM assIDVe. Virgil, JEn. iv. 248. = 17 12
CIrCVMData VarIetate. Psalm xliv. 10. =1712
Vt aCIes CastrorVM orDInata. Canticles vi. 9. =1712
CaroLo IMperatorI a Deo eXaLtato. = 17 12
aCCIpIt Vna DoMVs. Claudian in Ruff. L 194. 5=1712
taLIs est DILeCtVs MeVs. Canticles v. 16. =1712
aDMIrabILIs, ConsILIarIVs fortIs. Isaiah ix. 6. =1712
In CatheDra sapIentIssIMVs prInCeps,
Ipse est Inter tres. 2 Sam. xxiii. 8. =1712
MVLtIpLICanDVs. = 171 2
Page 664. John Philip Francis of Schonborn was the seventy-first
bishop, from 17 19 to 1724. A memoir of his life mentions his muni-
ficent acts, and concludes with this sentence, ' Sublevandae pauperum
miseriae intentus, pro infirmis militibus curandis multa florenorum
millia (florins) proprio ex aerario expendit,' in the year thus indicated —
MagnVs saCerDos VnCtVs a patrVo nepos. = 1720
He is described as (Princeps magnarum virtutum, magnse
sapientise, magni animL' His reign was short He died, according
to the concluding words of his epitaph —
DeCIMa oCtaVa InfaVstI aVgVstL = 1724
Ioannes phILIppVs franCIsCVs D. g. epIsCopVs et DVX ) _
artaVnLe reqVIesCat, et LVX perpetVa LVCeat IpsI. j "~ I'2*
Chronograms appear on the obverse of two of his medals as bishop
of Wiirzburg and head of the college at Mayence —
Ioannes phILIp. franC. ep. herbIpoLen. s. r. I. pr. fr. or.
DVX. prapo. Mog. =1720
Page 706. Fridericus Carolus von Schonborn was the seventy-
third bishop from 1729. He seems to have resigned the office of
vice-chancellor, and again resumed it. Some one made this epigram
thereon —
CaroLe, qVIs CaroLI te GesarIs eXtVLIt aVLa?. ) _
nonne fLagrans patrLe peCtore soLVs aMor? / "" f'35
2N .
1729
282 BISHOPS OF WURZBURG.
mgrm Vt sVbVenIas, seXCentos spernIs honores, \ _ I7^-
Vere patrIa aMans DICerIs esse pater* J 735
Several sets of eulogistic verses were addressed to him, in which a
few chronograms x are mingled, such as —
nVnqVID eLeVabIs In nebVLa VoCeM ! Job xxxviiL 34. = 1728
prIMa nVLLI VIrtVte seCVnDVs. = 1728
et a seDVCtorIbVs tVtaVIt ILLVM. Wisdom x. 12. = 1728
CVIVs partICIpatIo eIVs In IDIpsVM. Psalm cxxi. 3. = 1728
tVnC aCCeptabIs saCrIfICIVM IVstItIa, obLatIones et
hoLoCaVsta. Psalm I. 21. = 1728
Votum Chronologicum.
CaroLe LongInqVos In annos sIDera tenDe per annos; ) _ g
sano, qVo patrWs, tV peDe perge nepos. J '
Vive!
^Eternum vive
Friderice Carole
tV CVr* reqVIes, tV MeDICIna VenIs = 1729
CaroLe franConL* prInCeps CeLsIssIMe VIVe, ) _.
et fLVe In artaVnIs* fons speCIose pLagIs. J
Ovid. 1. 3. Ex Pon.
The reader may infer from these two chronograms that the bishop
was still in the land of the living when the writer of the chronicle
reached this portion of his literary work.
Page 793. A funeral panegyric on Prince Wenceslaus Lobkowitz,
who died at Wurzburg at the early age of sixteen, ends with this
chronogram —
qVasI fLos egreDItVr, et ConterItVr, et fVgIt VeLVt
VMbra. Job xiv. 2. = 1739
Page 793. The epitaphs of the cathedral dignitaries are given ;
some are dated by chronograms, thus —
CoMpLeVIt DIes sVos In bono et annos VItjE totIVs In
gLorIa. = 1727
DeVs jEterno sanCtorVM Vere Coronat. = 17 15
A canon named Philippus Ludovicus k Rosenbach has this in
allusion to his name —
ARlDiE CVM rIVo rosa eLoreant et saLIant In VItA
iETERNA. = 1720
Another epitaph concludes — 'Cui vivere Christus erat et mori
lucrum, eidem vitam animse donet sempiternam.
o hoMo ... a ChrIsto, DIsCe ab eo bene VIVere.'
(The chronogram makes 17 13; probably a word is missing where
the dots, as in the original print, occur. The inscription contains
the date 17 14.)
1 The quotations are taken from the Vulgate Version of the Bible.
9 Artaunum, the ancient Latin name of Wurzburg.
WURZBURG. 283
Another —
sVbsIste, Lege, CorDe tene MortaLIs VIator. = 17 13
Another. Anno 1727, 10 Septembris horlt 10 vesperti obIIt
pIetate et annIs pLenVs IgnatIVs theobaLDVs hartMannVs
A. reInaCh, eta The concluding words are, hoc desiderium= 1727
animae ut tribuat ei Dominus DVo pater et aVe oreMVs, Vt
reqVIesCat In paCe. = 1727
Another, to the memory of two brothers — Nunquid rara est haec
fratrum concordia? hoc precor, non raram illis precare requiem.
hanC preCatVr pIIs fraternIs ManIbVs In VIta et fVnere
DeVotVs. Frater uterque superstes Casimirus et Ferdinandus= 1636
de Sickengen.
Another epitaph commences — Sta viator, da molles lachrymas
duro lapidi Hartmanni Friderici k Fegenbach ... qui natus est anno
qVo hartMannVs k rosenbaCh prInCeps eoo-franCICVs
eLeCtVs est ;l and further on it proceeds thus —
Ad sacerdotium et capitulum adornatus
qVanDo eVropjE terras beLLa CreMabant, = 17 10
AC IaM REDIVIVa PATrIjE PACE, ss i 7 14
23 Maii denatus.
Requiescat in pace. Cui viator precare, Amen.
Another begins and ends thus —
Sub hoc lapide quiescunt cineres Jodoci Bernardi; sIt eI a
DoMInI benIgnItate reqVIes, et LVX perpetVa LVCeat eI. = 1 738
Another epitaph ends thus —
Siste gradum viator
Die, requiescat in pace precator.
Ista LeX est VnIVersaLIs, hoDIe MIhI, Cras tIbI. = 1728
IgItVr VIgILate, oMnIbVs DICo VIgILate. = 1728
Page 816. The death of Lotharius Franciscus, Archbishop of
Mayence, is commemorated in three pages of elegiac verses, com-
mencing with this chronogram —
LotharIVs franCIsCVs
MogVntInensIs arChI-et-papebergbnsIs epIsCopVs, 1 =
prInCeps eLeCtor obIt. J ' 9
Page 823. The epitaphs and memorials of noble and renowned
persons in the eighteenth century collected from various churches, are
given in a separate chapter. The following chronograms occur : —
At Dalberg, Anselm Francis Wolffgang, Baron of Dalberg, died in
the year thus given in the Leonine verse —
Mors Certa, seD hora InCerta. = 1701
VnICa LVX MatrIs, soL, fLos e peCtore patrIs, \ =
IngenWsqVe taCet, fLorILegVsqVe IaCet. J '
1 This chronogram is defective, it makes 1572 ; according to the figures in the inscrip-
tion he was born 13th April 1673.
284 WURZBURG.
LI LI a CreVerVnt DaLbergICa, neXa steterVnt \
baLthea, CrVX DonIs CLarVIt atra bonIs. ] l'°l
LILIa MarCesCVnt, heV baLthea neXa tabesCVnt, ( _
InstrVIt Ignotas CrVX speCIosa rotas < l'
sVb graVe post fVnVs prjEstat pro fcenere MVnVs, I
LVX erepta soLo gaVDet Inesse poLo. J 7°
At Fechenbach, the lady Maria Salome de Gebfattel died in 1 708,
she is described as the flower of all virtues —
VaDe et LapsjE FLoRiE pIe reMInIsCere. '= 1708
At Hatzfeld, there is a memorial to the Count Hatzfeld-Rosen-
berg, who recast a cracked bell in the year
gLorIa aC honorI ChrIstIparjE, neCnon VeneratIonI )
ss. IoannIs nepoMVCenI et CaroLI epIsCopI j l'22
hoc aes campanum ruptura fissum refundi fecit
anno
qVo
STlRPlS HAZFELDIaNO-ROSENBERGIGe HiERES U 1 722
VLtIMVs obIIt,
ET
CoMItatVs reLICtVs abs IVrgIo LInea
V
ACCESSlT TRAChENBERGICjE. (
1722
oMnes gentes VenIent et aDorabVnt
entes VenIent et aDorabVnt ) _
In ConspeCtV tVo. f " I7"
Apoc. xv. 4.
At Stauffenberg, a Latin inscription to the family of Schenck is
followed by one in German with these chronograms —
hIer rVhet aVf erDen Was sterbLIChes IM Leben, etc. = 1723
so Last Vns Dero VnsterbLIChe tVgent zVM eInzIgen trost
HOFFEN. =s 1723
Another epitaph at Wiirzburg —
I VIator et pIe DefVnCto reqVIeM preCare. = 17 19
Another epitaph commences —
Orbe numerante Saecula oCtoDeCIM, = 1701
and concludes — preCare eI a Deo paCeM. = 1701
Another epitaph, in hexameter verse, concludes thus —
k*C aMor aDsCrIbI natI patrIs optat honorI. = 1705
There are no more chronograms in these interesting volumes.
Not the least remarkable feature in the work are the copious indexes ;
they direct the reader's attention to a great many curious circum-
stances, and are a pattern for any one having to make that highly
important appendage to a book.
+
Note on c the Devil and his Mother!
THE serio-jocose narrative at a preceding page (273) is further
elucidated in another work by Gropp (the author of the two
volumes we have had under our notice), a copy whereof is in the British
WURZBURG AND EB ORACH. 385
Museum (press-mark 200. a. 17. 40.) The title-page is, Monumenta
sepulchralia ecclesiae Ebracensis, Imprimis Cordium episcoporum
Wirceburgensium. Deinde Gertrudis Augustae, et ejusdem filii Fri-
derici ducis Suevorum; Irenes item Augustae et aliorum quorundam
nobilium, Figuris aeneis illustrate Accedunt alia quaedam monumenta
historica. Colligit et edidit P. Ignatius Gropp, Ord. S. Ben. ad. S.
Stephanum Wirceburgi Professus et Bibliothecarius. Wirceburgi,
1730.
The work is principally an account of the sepulchral monuments
in the church of the monastery of Eborach in Franconia. At page 40
is mentioned the burial there, of the heart of Bishop Julius, and
the subsequent removal and second entombment of it, at Wiirzburg
already noticed. Among the burials of members of noble and
distinguished families at the monastery at Eborach, we find at page
81 that of a benefactor, 'Nobilis Conradus Teufel cum matre; the
narrative goes on to say, Among the many benefactors of the
monastery whose remains the church has received, are those of not
the least of the Wiirzburg nobles, named 'the Devil* ('die Teuffel
dicti'); this singular name is treated quite seriously; these members of
the family of the Wiirzburg Devils ('Diabolorum Herbipolensium ')
repose under a handsome monument, an engraving of which exhibits
them in full proportions of life-size in the costume of their period ;
' they both lie buried here ' ('die Teuffel und sein Mutter ') Conrad and
Matilda, they are described as good and benevolent people, and he
was one of the poor brethren of the monastery. The fame of this
monument was widely spread through the surrounding country, and
crowds of people were attracted to come and see where the Devil was
buried in a church. One of the abbots of Eborach made some verses
and chronograms about them, which our author here ' opportunely'
repeats.
Lector ad Atutorem.
Qui prima Ebraci Claustri monumenta recenses,
Quaeque mihi nullo tempore nota refers,
Die, ut quid mortem Daemon cum Matre subiisse,
Dicitur Ebraci, cur tumulatus ibi?
Auctor ad Lectorem.
Sic est, fama tuas olim percussit ut aures.
Noveris ut causam, Naenia facta lege.
Noma.
Piissimae ac devotissiraae in Christo matronae et benfactricis mona-
sterii Ebracensis meritissimae Mechtildis dictae Veuffirttn de Herbipoli,
quae post plurima collata beneficia cum filio suo Conrado Fratre
Converso hujus monasterii ante sacristiae ostium seperliri voluit et
obtinuit, ilia anno mcccxxx. die xix. Augusti, hie vero mcccxlviii. die
xxiil Mail
Then follow the chronograms already given at a former page (273),
286 WURZBURG AND EBORACH.
and then some complimentary verses concerning these renowned
persons ending with this couplet —
Ergo sub hoc tumulo pauper requiescit humatus
DAEMON (non Stygius) cum genitrice su£.
The monastery having been desolated during a war, was restored
'even beyond its pristine splendour* by Peter the forty-first abbot ;
the bones of the ' Devil and his mother' were exhumed, and deposited
in wooden chests at the high altar of the Virgin, on 27th February
1652, as alluded to in the last of the chronograms concerning them
at page 273 ante. Eborach is not mentioned in the ordinary guide-
books (Murray or Baedeker), but in Zedler's Universal Lexicon, viii.
83, it appears that Eborach, Ebrach, Eberaw, Eborau, — Latin,
Eboracum, Ebracum, — is a Cistercian monastery in Franconia in the
vicinity of Bamberg.
•••
THE Wiirzburg Chronicle, ' Wiirzburgische Chronicle,' also by
Ignatius Gropp, Wiirzburg, 1748-50. 2 vols, folio. In volume ii.
P- 337i relating to the history of John Philip, the seventieth bishop,
there are some verses in German on some great injury in 1658 by
lightning to the Rath-haus, which was afterwards rebuilt by the
council. This chronogram, said to have been inscribed on the dome
of the tower, precedes the verses —
HiEC QViE FORTfe, LEGES, PRfiSTANS ConCePTA SENATVs ) = gg
sCrIbere CVrabat, posterItatIs aMans. J ~* I5
Page 535. A festival was held at Wiirzburg on the birth of a
prince Archduke of Austria ; this chronogram appeared among the
public decorations of the town —
aLMa proLe fVnDastI VaCVos penates; = 17 16
neo-nate arChIDVX reCreas orbeM. = 17 16
This prince was Leopold, the son of Charles vi. ; he lived only a
few months. At another place in this volume I have transcribed
numerous chronograms composed in honour of this infant
Page 629. Anselm Francis was the seventy-fourth Bishop of
Wiirzburg ; he is thus greeted on his election —
Io VIVat anseLMVs franCIsCVs )
orIentaLIs franCL* prInCeps aC epIsCopVs >= 1746
VRBls ET TOTlVs PATRIAE PATER. )
P^^T
CHRISTOPHER FRANCIS, BISHOP OF WURZBURG.
A rare tract belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, pp. 8. folio,
J-\^ contains a congratulation to Christopher Francis,1 of the noble
family of Hutten, who was elected Bishop of Wiirzburg in 1725. The
1 The reader is referred to my former book on Chronograms for notices of other similar
congratulations, particularly that one at page 478 addressed to the same bishop.
CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG. 287
subject is treated, firstly, in a series of eight poetical stanzas in Latin,
with German versions printed side by side, the first of which is pre-
ceded by a 'programma' in chronogram, and then each stanza in
succession is preceded by a chronogram which is an anagram on the
' programma,' and is also the theme of the verses which accompany
it ; this is a notable instance of eight chron-anagrams composed with
the letters of the same original words. Secondly, some 'cabbala'
lines give the date 1725, and some conversational chronograms draw
a moral from the wet weather which happened on the occasion.
Thirdly, the event is applauded in a chronogrammatic ode in Sapphic
metre. And lastly, there is a curious feature, viz., a long conversation
between two men of Franconia, one of whom asks the questions or
makes the remarks, the other answers in chronograms ; the first eight
of his replies are in 'pure* chronogram, i.e. every letter counts as a
numeral ; occasionally, however, the sense is somewhat sacrificed to
the exigency of the chronogram. The remaining replies are made in
appropriate quotations from the Bible, Vulgate Version. The subjects
under their discussion are various, such as the character and disposi-
tion of the new bishop, the circumstances and ceremony in the
cathedral of Wurzburg, the chattering and laughing of some of the
female spectators there present, the architect of the new palace and
what he said to the sculptor employed in the ornamentation of it, the
soldiers with beards two feet in length, the people who quarrelled
after drinking too freely, the conversation is concluded by the two
worthy Franconians drinking the bishop's health and going forth to
see the illuminations. I have given a full transcript of this amusing
colloquy. It appears from the last line of the tract that the authors
were certain brethren of the Franciscan monastery at Wurzburg ; it
commences thus —
EUCHARISTICON.
Franconiam, Novum Phoebum
Suspirantem, Echo solatur.
Then follows a set of echo verses, during the recital of which
Phoebus is supposed to be present ; Franconia then pronounces the
Programma
Io ! bIs, ter Io !
VIVat
ChrIstophorVs franCIsCVs,
franCLb-orIentaLIs DVX, et DeI gratIa >= 1725
noVa LVX,
neo-epIsCopVs herbIpoLensIs
PATER PATRLe!
i.e. Hurrah I twice and thrice hurrah I long live Christopher-Francis,
Duke of Franconia, and by the grace of God the new light, the new
bishop of Wurzburg, the father of his country !
288 CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG.
Then comes the first anagram on the foregoing chronogram l —
hIC VIr sVa VI spIrItV, Ver£ eXCeLsVs pontIfeX est,
prp te o ! bona sf Irps, gLorIa hVttenIana, aC pro te o !
herbIpoLIs Deo In DIVA arA saCrIfICans. = 1725
i.e. This man by his own force and spirit is truly an exalted prelate, for
thee O good branch is the glory of the Hutten family, for thee O Wiirz-
burg is he sacrificing to God on the holy altar.
The second anagram.
Is noWs pontIfeX, abrahjE pVro spIrItV, In^ eXCeLso
horeb, aC granDI sIon CLIVo, IpsI Deo LItat -ySssVs hostIa
perpVra et tenera saCrIfICatVr. ' =1725
The third anagram.
bonVs pontIfeX k graVI thVrIs nVbe, aC pVro rore,
saCrIfICanDo Cor, eXCeLso eLLb spIrItV has arA panIs et
VInI hostIas saCrIfICat. (This makes 1369, no explanation.)
The fourth anagram.
pontIfeX, VIr DeI, VtI abeL In ara eX pLeno rore,
spIrItVs Igne, pVras bonI sVI rVrIs hostIas paCIfICas,
hoLoCaVsta, et thVra Deo plk ConseCrat. = 1725
The fifth anagram.
pontIfeX In re ! eXCeLso spIrItV, gLorIA, In thVrb, Vt
DIVInVs perennIs IaCob IpsI Vero Deo ab ara, hoLoCaVsta,
et perpVras hostIas saCrIfICat. = 1725
The sixth anagram.
pontIfeX In spIrItVs reLIgIone, hoLoCaVsta k pLeno
rVrIs et thVrIs VerI bono, ab ara, Vt reX DaVID, hostIas
paCIfICas pVras plk ConseCrat. (This makes 1724.)
The seventh anagram.
gLorIare bona herbIpoLIs, VIDes tWs spIrItV pontIfeX,
rore VnCtVs aaron faCtVs pVra DeI paCIs hostIa, honorI
eXCeLsI In pIetate saCra. (This makes 1724.)
The eighth anagram.
heVs 6 ! bona, pIa, 6 ! Deo prona stIrps hVttenIana hIC
tIbI est pontIfeX, VarIo aC graVI spIrItV eXCeLLens, VERfe
rarVs pro te ILLI Deo saCrIfICans.
(This chronogram is sic in original and must be wrong. It makes
1770.)
1 I am under the necessity of remarking that on testing the accuracy of the eight
anagrams, each is found to be imperfect to the extent of one to six or eight letters, a matter
for which the printer of the original is by no means responsible. The number of letters to
be used is 112, and it would have been a triumph of ingenuity if the anagrams had been
faultless by using every letter of the ' programma ' throughout the series ; all anagrams
should be thus strictly composed, but as the rule is not so carefully followed here the
anagrams must be condemned, in that respect, as exceptionally bad. Some are also faulty
as chronograms. It will be seen, on translating the anagrams, that they draw a com-
parison between the bishop and the Jewish priestly characters in the Old Testament.
CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG. 289
The author's fancy then runs wild in praise of the new bishop in a
threefold set of questions and answers to account for die gentle rain
which happened on the occasion, the answers are given in 'cabbala'
sentences which contain the date, and by chronograms composed on
appropriate Biblical quotations giving also the same date.
Quastio.
Cur in die Consecrationis aura mitissima, ac vere verna pluvia fuit ?
Responsio.
Ver Veris1 sobolem, sacer O ! te Praesul, adorat.
Responsio secunia Cabalistico-Leonina :
Laeta redit chloris, viget in te pignus amoris.2
126. 198. 260. 321. 49. 105. 406. 260. = 1725
Quastio.
An ex hoc paternam Presulis curam, et ex ilia benedictionem
Patriae ominamur?
Responsio CdbalisHca.
Signa parit veris : cura indicat omina terns.2
147. 250. 384. 284. 166. 130. 364. = 1725
Key to the Cabbala.
abcdefghi klmnopq r s t uxyz
1 a 34 5 67 8 9 10 ao 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 900 300 400 500
Quastio.
Quid dixerat sincera corda inter ipsam pluviam Diei consecrationis?
Responsio: Chrono-scripturistica pura.
aqVal oMnes, qV x. sVper CceLos sVnt: LaVDent. = 1725
Psalm cxlviiL 4.
Quastio.
Est sank res mirabilis ! an non omni orbi denuncianda?
Responsio ; Chrono-scripturistiea pura.
annVnCIate In gentIbVs et aVDItVM faCIte. Jeremiah L 2.= 1725
Quastio.
An non fuit summfe frugifera ilia pluvia, jamque terra amaenfe
rutilat, et germinat ?
Responsio ; Chrono-scripturistica pura.
rVtILat, et sICVt pLWIIs gerMInat herba De terra. = 1725
2 Samuel xxiii. 4.
The author then takes as his subject the noble family of the
bishop, Hutten of Stolzenberg, and their armorial bearings, and gives
18 Epigramma Emblematicum.
Masculus Hatteniani gentilitii (est sine brachiis) capite infulam
gerens pingitur. (There is no engraving of the armorial shield.)
non operosa ManVs, non fortIa braChIa ferre I
possVnt; en! Vegeto qVoD gerIt In CapIte. J ~~ I725
1 The bishop was born in the spring season, the 19th May.
* Observe these Leonine hexameter verses.
2 O
290 CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WtJRZBURG.
Votum totius nobilissimse familiae, cujus Celsissimus tertium
infulatum caput est
Chronodystichon eo numeri ordine, quo legitur.
en ! Mentes pro te granDes et peCtora posCent! \ =
eX Voto, Vt sors fIt ter tIbI propItIa. J ' 5
CLareant CceLI, faVeant et astra, \
TERRA L^TETVRj RES0NENT ET jETHRA, (
MVLCeant Lenes zephyrI; VIresCat I ' 5
fLorIger orbIs. )
CVnCta soLennes referant honores,
gLorIas saCras repetant et aLtas;
Vt DIes DlGNfe CeLebretVr Iste,
RlTfe SACRATVS.
>*= 1725
= 1725
sCILICet nVper (DeVs annVbeat)
DVX, pater, prInCeps, bene nVnCVpatVs
Interest, VIttA Vt sIt et InfVLatVs
pontIfICaLI.
Ista LVX ferIs CeLebretVr annIs:
VI Vat! est VInCtVs MItrA epIsCopaLI
prInCIpIs Vertex I Ita gLorIatVr ( ' 5
herbIpoLensIs.
Disticon verbaliter retrogradum, ad plausum insculpit Genius
familiae Monti-superbae. [Mons-superbus, Stolzenberg, or Proud-hill.]
This distich is retrograde to this extent. The words, as may be seen,
are in hexameter and pentameter verse. The same words, when
read backwards, are the same in metre, the lines dividing at the word
'digna.1
Est satis : Angelicus, Stolzenberg marmore digna
Nomina das Praesul, das bona cceligenum.
Vivas!
IMperII pr*stans prInCeps, et epIsCopVs ET DVX, ss 1725
tV MIhI faX post HiEC: oVI beneDICte nItes. = 1725
prInCeps A hVtten, tIbI sVnt pIa CorDa trIbVtVM: = 1725
RfiC pLebIs, sIMVL et VoX erIt Ipsa DeI. = 1725
— ♦•■
The conversation between the two Franconian gentlemen named
Kilian l and Conrad then commences —
1 These names are closely connected with the early history of Wiirxbarg. Kilian is the
patron saint. He was a holy Irish monk of noble Scotch extraction. With two zealous
companions he travelled to Rome in 686, and obtained from Pope Conon a commission to
CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG. 291
Inter festivissimos plausus, duo veri, et verb germani Francones,
unus Kilianus, alter Conradus est, et de electione, et de consecratione
colloquuntur.
Conradus. Dum Princeps adhuc Decanus erat, nonne in vita
exemplari luxit, nosque quam multura juvit, et vicit
etiam. Quid potest de hoc dicere ?
Kilian. DVM VIXI, LVXI: IVVI, VI IVVI, VICI.1 a 1725
Con. At nunc, nonne civium inopiam consideravit, et vidit ? est lux,
est dux, juvit, etc., quid potest ad hoc dicere?
KiL ID VI VIDI, LVX, DVX VI IWI, VI VICI.1 == 1725
Con. Quid amplius dicere potest de sublevata civium inopia?
KiL ID LVX VIDI, IVVI, IVVI, CVI DVX IVI.i = 1725
Con. Vix illuxit Princeps, nonne severam (ut necesse erat) justitiam
exercuit Quid de hoc?
Kil. VIX LVX: VIM VIVI IVDICII VIXI.1 . = 1725
Con. At nunquid ex hoc civium delicium fuit? quid de hoc dicet?
Kil. ILLICIVM ILLVXI, ILLI LVXI CIVI CVI IVI, IWl^ 1725
Con. Sed vix res civiles exorsus est, jam fuit civi levamen. Quid de
hoc?
Kil. VIX LVX MICVI, VLLI CIVILI LVCl ILLVXI.1 = 1725
CVI VLLI LVXI, ILLWIVM ILLVXI, CVI VICI.1 = 1725
Con. An non in Stoltzenberg lilium benedictum est cui primo illuxit,
quid dicit?
Kil. LILII VIXI CLIVI LILIVM, ILLI, VIX VLLI ILLVXI.*= 1725
Con. Quid denique ejus merita etiam apud seram posteritatem
dicent? qualiter illuxerit Ecclesiae Cathedrali, Herbipoli,
Franconia, et civibus?
Kil. ILLI VIXI: ILLI LVXI: ILLI ILLVXI: VI VLLI
MICVI.1 = 1725
Con. Jam mi auree Kiliane age de festivitate narra : imprimis cum
qua pompa processit noster Dominus ad Ecclesiam Cathe-
dralem?
Kil. sVnt IpsI MILLe qVaDrIngentI CVrrVs. 3 Kings x. 26.*= 1725
preach the gospel to the German idolaters in Franconia. These missionaries converted and
baptized great numbers at Wiirzburg, and, among others, Gosbert, the duke of that name,
who had married his deceased brother's widow, and being reminded by Kilian that such a
marriage was condemned, and void by law, he promised to dismiss her. She, in revenge,
'sent assassins, who privately murdered the missionaries in 688. Their remains were
translated to Wiirzburg Cathedral by Bishop Boniface in the following century. The
murderers are said to have perished miserably. Several authorities are quoted for these
and other facts, in Butler's Lives of the Saints, under the calendar date of 8th July.
There was Conrad 1., Count of Franconia and King of Germany in 912 ; Conrad 11.,
Duke of Franconia and King in 1024 ; and five bishops Conrad, at the respective dates
1 197, 1266, 1519, 1540* and 1683.
1 These are all called 'pure chronograms.' Perhaps there are not more than thirty
Latin words that could be so used.
1 The quotations are made from the Vulgate Version of the Bible. The places are the
1 as in the English translation, with but few exceptions.
292 CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG.
Con. At nonne tunc non vidisti Principem quia minis multi Domini
erant circa eum, sed quando sperabas eum videre ?
Kil. si abLata fVerIt MVLtItVDo ILLIVs. Ezekiel xxx. 4. = 1725
Con. Nunquid ex omnibus pagis et oppidis aderant Rustici os
oculosque diruentes et dicentes : ecce ! ecce !
Kil. Ita pktrVs CVM Ioanne DIXIt: respICe. Acts iii. 4. = 1725
Con. Quid ergo impedivit ne procedentem ad templum Principem
videres? ni fallor ante te stabant pueri Scholares cum
moderatore suo, quid tu ei ?
Kil. qVare hI DIsCIpVLI tVI non aMbVLant? MarkviLs.= 1725
Con. Quinam sunt Scholares, qui proximfe ante te steterunt?
Kil. Is sIMon, petrVs et aLIVs DIsCIpVLVs. Johnviii. 15 = 1725
Con. Vidisti tamen satellites, et viros cum amplis hastis, quid putabas
id voluisse indicare ?
Kil. erIt qVonIaM CaptIVI DVCtI sVnt. Micah L 16. = 1725
Con. Desipis : in tanta pompa nemo ducitur captivus. Sed nunquid
etiam vidisti qualiter exceperint Principem ad limen summi
templi?
Kil. saCerDos stabat ante ostIVM In seXCentIs VIrIs.
Judges xviii. 17. = 1725
Con. Detn templum intromissus te magnis dominis associiste, quseso
quid cogitabas?
Kil. eroqVe Inter eos sICVt CmterI hoMInes VIDensqVe.
Judges xvl 17. =1725
Con. Sed et tuus affinis ex itinere accurrens de pago videndi anhelus,
vix non prope suffraganeum se locavit
Kil. Iter faCIens VenIt seCVs eVM et VIDIt. Luke x. 33. = 1725
Con. Et alter quoque ejus vicinus Joannes sinfe crux sinfe lux subitb in
templum irrupit (sic).
Kil. nesCIens qVID faCtVM fVerat, IntroIVIt. Acts v. 7.= 1725
Con. Sed nunquid omnem actum exactfe videre poteras, quis fecit
tibi videndi locum ?
Kil. Ipse VIr, qVI DereLIqVIt LoCVM. Prov. xxvii. 8. = 1725
Con. Intellexistis solemnes ceremonias sacra inaugurationis? vix
credo, quod aliquid ejus, quod locuti sunt intellexeris.
Kil. qVIa Is hebreA LIngVA LoqVeretVr aD ILLos MagIs.
Acts xxiL 2. = 1725
Con. Fallens ; non loquuntur Hebrea lingui ; et nonne ad modura
veteris testamenti cornu olei habuit summus Episcopus, et
unxit eum, et multas orationes dicebat?
Kil. Is habebat CornVa DVo sIMILIa aonI: et LoqVebatVr.
Apoc xiiL 11. = 1725
Con. Ergo semel legi in aliquo Germanico libro diiestis vos. Forsan
tales dii sunt Episcopi, vidisti quales habuerint pulchras
vittas?
Kil. hI aVreas habent sVper CapIta sVa DII ILLorVM.
Baruch vi. 9. = 1725
CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG. 293
Can. Observ&sti etiam musicam ? nonne audisti cantantes viros, qui
tamen tarn tenerfe cantant uti pueri parvuli, quales hi ?
Kil. Hi eVnVChI, qVI DeVtero MatrIs sIC. Matt. xix. 12. = 1725
Con. Unum vidi magnum dominum, qui habebat vestem auream,
qualis ille ?
Kil. De trIbV IsaChar, qVgrVM prInCeps Is fVIt. Num.
H. 5- =i7«S
Can. Vidisti quam devotfe, quam pife, quam sanctfe noster Pnnceps
sacram mitram acceperit, nonne est vir innocentissimus ?
KiL neqVe Caro IpsIVs VIDIt CorrVptIoneM. Acts ii. 31. = 1725
Con. Ego flebam tacitfe dum vidi tantum Principem ibi coram suo
sufiraganeo flectere, et ungui, et accipere pedum, et cogitavi
eum esse humillimum dominum; et qui ad tarn sacram
dignitatem evehuntur ?
Kil. qVI trIbVLato CorDe, et hVMILes spIrItV. Psalm
xxxiii. 19. =1725
Con. Dum ipse noster celsissimus Princeps ita se haberet in su&
humilitate, vidi dominas et domicellas flere, quid tacitfe
Princeps penes se dicebat ?
KiL noLIte fLere sVper Me, seD sVper Vos Ipsas Ita
fLete, et sVper fILIos. Luke xxiii. 28. = 1725
Con. Sed turba quaedam mulierum ex adverso continub garrivit et
risit et nescio quid inepti lusus egit, ad quos vir gravis quidam,
excitans eas ad gratiarum actionem pro hoc optimo Principe
Deo faciendam, quid aiebat ?
KiL sorDIbVs generatIo praVa atqVe perversa, haCCIne
reDDIs eI? Deut xxxii. 5, 6. = 1725
Con. O ! utinam mihi Dominus Parochus meus explicaret, quid
omnis ceremonia, et totus sacerrimus inaugurationis ritus
significet !
Kil. sVaDe IpsI, Vt InDICet tIbI, qVID sIgnIfICet. Judges
xiv. 15. = 1725
Con. Quid putas Principem or&sse ad Deum in sua4 humilitate?
KiL benIgn& faC, et In VIrtVte tVa IVDICa Me. Psalm
liii. 3- = X72S
Con. Vidisti? monetam cudit Princeps, in qui : melius est dare quam
accipere. ita est : avarus non est Quid sentit de avaro?
Kil. perIIt, Ita et DIVes In ItInerIbVs sVIs MarCesCIt.
James i. ii, = 1725
Con. O ! quam felix est stirps Hutteniana, quae in tanto Principe
universo mundo clarescit, nonne omnes hujus antiquissimae
domus a Deo Benedicti sunt, et acceperunt nomen Prin-
cipale ?
Kil. beneDIXIt ILLIs et VoCaVIt noMen. Genesis v. 2. = 1725
Can. Tanta est festivitas Herbipoli, et tarn pauci ex nostro pago
aderant, quis fuit aliorum sensus, quae cogitatio ?
Kil. aDMIrantVr non ConCVrrentIbVs VobIs In Ipsa.
1 Peter iv. 4. =1725
294 CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG.
Con. An vester Dominus Parochus non denuntiavit vobis diem con-
secrationis, vel non scivistis ?
KU. In qVoD, VeL qVaLe teMpVs sIgnIfICaret nobIs.
i Peter i. n. =1725
Con. Sed quare non adfuerunt patrini tui j nunquid affinis tuus Felix
eos detinuit ?
KU. Ita, DIstVLIt aVteM ILLos feLIX. Acts xxiv. 22. = 1725
Con. Quis ergo ex vestris aderat ?
KU. Ipse est gaaL fILIVs ebeD CVM fratrIbVs sVIs.
Judges ix. 26. = 1725
Con. Dum Princeps post consecradonem in suum palatium rediit, qui
fuit ei honor, quae reverentia?
KU. forIbVs paLatII VersabantVr, fLeCtebant genVa et
aDorabant antIstIteM. Esther Hi. 2. = 1725
Con. Quae pulchra vidisti in palatio Principis? an et hortum?
KU. si CVCVrrIt VnVs aD ostIa poMarII. Dan. xiiL 25. = 1725
Con. Nonne affinis tui Felicis et mater, et fratres aderant, quid ei
nunciatum est ?
KU. eCCe ! Mater tVa et fratres tVI forIs qV^erVnt te,
et responDens aIt eIs: hI fratres. Markiii.32, 33.= 1725
Con. Nonne omnes Francones haec solemnitas pie exhilaravit ?
KU LiETlFlCAVlT eos LatItIa Magna, seD et VXores.
2 Esdras xii. 42. = 1725
Con. Vidisti etiam in civitate novum Principis palatium et archi-
tectum?
KU. IntrInseCVs Ipse MensVs est In fronte portjs DVos
CVbItos. Ezekiel xii 3. = 1725
Con. Quid praecepit architectus statuario ?
KU. faCIat sCVLptILe atqVe ConfLatILe, et nVnC traDe
ILLVD eI. Judges xvii. 3. = 1725
Con. Vidistine etiam satellites et imlites ante palatium cum bipedali
barba?
KU. hI CVstoDIebant VestIbVLVM paLatII. 2 Chron. xii. 10. = 1725
Con. Cur non moratus es tota die in civitate, an forsan tui vicini
etiam abierunt ?
KU. eXeVntes De CIVItate ILLI etIaM. Luke ix. 5. = 1725
Con. Quaeso quid audivisti in Civitate? quid optant subditi nostro
Principi ? dicunt :
KU. Vt MVLtIpLICentVr DIes tVI et annI. Deut. xi. 21.= 1725
Con. Utique est Dominus perfect^ Justus, et quid pro nobis solicit^
curat?
KU. VtIqVe faCere IVDICIVM gregI. Micah vL 8. =1725
Con. Quid paterae precatur omnibus suis ?
KU. Vt In oMnIbVs LoCVpLetatI Ita abVnDetIs. 2 Cor.
ix.n. = 1725
Con. Quid potest dici de eo, quod nihil de subditis suis extorqueat ?
KU. non tVLIstI De ManV aLICVIVs egenI. i Kings
xviii. 12 (sic). = 1725
CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG. 295
Con. O 1 utinam nostri judicesetiam sic essent ! hie dictum : ut sunt
quandoque nostri, etc. ?
Kit. Hi perVertVnt IVDICIVM CongregatI. i Kings viii.
3> 4. = «7*5
Con. Putas, in quod tota* Franconia* sub hoc tarn pio Principe habitun
simus benedictionem ?
KU. non perIbVnt VaLLes, et non DIssIpabVntVr CaM-
pestrIa In te. Jeremiah xlviii. 8. =1725
Con. Nuper (ipse vidi) aliqua paupercula muliercula porrexit ei
memoriale, et Princeps ipse legit illud, et quidem suis oculis
legit. Ego dixi O ! tu es bonus Princeps : cur ?
KU. qVIa IVDICaVIt CaVsaM egenI. i Kings xxv. 39. = 1725
Con. Vidisti etiam Judaeos baptizatos? duo jam sub hoc Principe
transierunt ad veram Ecclesiam, putas, quod plures illumina-
buntur sub nostro Pastore ?
KU. hI : rVben, sIMeon, LeVI, IVDas, IsaChar et zabVLon.
1 Chron. il 1. = 1725
Con. An omnes simul a Deo habebunt gratiam ?
KU. Ipse rVben, et sIMeon, et LeVI, et IVDas, et IsaChar,
et zabVLon. Genesis xxxv. 23. = 1725
Con. An optas, ut omnes viri totius Judaismi ad nostram fidem
transirent ?
KU. VIDVas eIVs MVLtIpLICabIs. Ezekiel xxii. 25. = 1725
Con. Nunquid vestri domum reduces omnia, quae viderunt, narrave-
rant?
KU narraVerVnt lis oMnIa, qV* aCCIDerant, fratrIbVs.
1 Maccabees v. 25. = 1725
Con. An et insigniter laetati estis in vestro pago, quid fecit praetor
vester ?
KU. Is faCIens granDe ConVIVIVM pVerIs. Gen. xl. 20. = 1725
Con. Quomodo vocatur vester praetor, ni fallor Joioda ? an et invitavit
ad convivium primarias pagi mulieres ?
KU. aCCepIt aVteM eI IoIaDa VXores Ipsas. 2 Chron.
xxiv. > = 1725
Con. Cum quo laetatus est vester servus Joannes ?
KU ILLe Ipse InVenIt VnVM De ConserVIs. Matt xviii.%8.= 1725
Con. Audivi hos socios'post haustum generosb vinum rixatos esse,
quid adhoc D. Parochus ?
KU. noMInIbVs VoCabantVr, et PRiEDICAVlT Els. i Esdras
viil 20, 21. = 1725
Con. Quid dixit servo Joanni, quod sit tarn luridus et omnia con-
sumat?
KU. aIt: non CongregAstI QV0M0D0 In seneCtVte tVa
InVenIes? Ecclesiasticus xxx. 5. =1725
Con. Nonne et praetor eos vocavit ad se ?
KU. Ipse In IraCVnDIa Magna VoCaVItqVe. Judith v. 2. = 1725
Con. Linquamus haec. At certfe noster Princeps piissimus est, quid
elicit Patriae observandum ?
296 CHRISTOPHER, BISHOP OF WURZBURG.
Kil. qVm prjeCepI tIbI et IVstItIas Meas, IVDICIa Ista.
2 Chron. vii. 17. = 1725
Con. Nonne jussit ex sancto justitiae punitivae zelo quosdam suspendi,
vel auffugerunt ?
Kil. abIerVnt VIaM qVm DVCIt In oaLgaLIs. i Maccabees
ix. 2. ^ = 1725
Con. Vale mi Kiliane, pota adhuc semel nostri Domini Principis
sanitatem, et abi, jam enim profunda nox est Nonne erunt
illuminationes Herbipoli hie nocte ?
Kil. noX sICVt DIes ILLVMInabIt. Psalm cxxxviiL 12. = 1725
Con. En ! potavi in sanitatem Principis, jam vale !
Kil. tV VERk DeVotVs franCo es, profICIat tIbI aMbrosIa ! = 1725
Uterque Patriota conolamat ;
VIVat Io! sanVs IanI hIC aD teMpora CanVs! = 1725
Votum devotissimum Minorum
PRitsVL VIVe DIV : feLIX te patrIa, feLIX )
est stIrps, £stqVe MInor, qVI tIbI faVsta VoVet. j 7 5
The last page is filled with a quintuple acrostic in hexameter
verses, on the names of the bishop Christophorus Franciscus ; and
last of all are these lines, and the monastic title of the authors —
antIstes PRiESTANS, festIVos Inter honores )
te eXIMet A nostro peCtore nVLLa DIes. j x'25
Conventus devotissimus et subjectissimus
FF. Min. S. P. Francisci Conventualium ad sanctam Crucem Herbipoli.
FREDERIC CHARLES, BISHOP OF WURZBURG AND
BAMBERG.
SOME tracts contained in a volume in the British Museum (press-
mark 1230. L), relating to the Bishops of Wurzburg and Bamberg,
similar in character and purpose to those mentioned in my former
volume on Chronograms, page 473. Wurzburg,1 in the province of
Franconia, one of the most ancient and historically important towns
of Germany, has for upwards of 1000 years been the capital of an
episcopal see, over which 82 bishops have successively presided
Tract 2 has this title, ' Illustrissima Domus Schonborniana Infula
et Pileo Ducali jam tertio gloriosa . . . quando . . . D. Fridericus
Carolus S. EL I. princeps et episcopus Bambergensis,' etc. (was elected
bishop of Bamberg on 18th May 1729. It is a congratulation by
the Society of Jesuits there, in a series of Latin odes and epic poems,
concluding at page 27 with this chronogram —
1 The name of Wurzburg in Latin is Herbipolis or Artaunum.
WURZBURG AND BAMBERG. 297
Vive ! aeternum vive Friderice Carole
tV CVile reqVIes, tV MeDICIna VenIs. = 1729
Ovid 1. 3. de Pon.
CaroLe franConLb prInCeps CeLsIssIMe VI Ve, \ =
et fLVe In artaVnIs fons speCIose pLagIs. J ' 9
1 ract 3 has this title, i Beschreibung deren illuminationen und
Freuden-feuren,' etc. A description of the illuminations on the occa-
sion of the festival held in honour of Friedrich Carl, Bishop of Wiirz-
burg, on 18th May 1729. All in German, about 24 pages.
Among the public decorations of the streets of the town there were
many Latin and German inscriptions, and these chronograms —
frIDerICo CaroLo )
prInCIpI pIo, sapIentI, paCIfICo, > = 1729
VIta, et DIVtVrna feLICItas. j
His illuminated portrait bore this inscription —
frIDerICo CaroLo
epIsCopo babenbergensI et herbIpoLensI
franCLb orIentaLIs DVCI, }-= 1729
pIo, gLorIoso, sapIentI,
ter eXoptato.
And underneath the portrait was this inscription —
perpetVos sVos In Igne aMores, ]
et perennIa obseqVIa >= 1729
aCCenDVnt et offer Vnt : )
J. M. H. J. H. F. J. P. L.
(These are the initials of the donors of the work.)
A representation of a fountain bore this inscription —
fons saCer In CceLIs, hesterno soLe CorVsCat. ^
And another fountain bore this, alluding to the bishop — J =
qVanDo noVo terrIs hoDIe fons pVLCher honore C ' ^
effVLget. /
A picture representing his portrait and coat-of-arms was inscribed
thus —
saCrIs hIs CoMItIbVs, IVstItIa atqVe prVDentIa regnabIt.= 1729
qVare LaVDate eVM In sono tVb</e, In psaLterIo atqVe
CItharA. = 1729
A statue of Mercury greeted him with this verse —
ICh brInge DIr aVs gVten MVth ) =
sICher gebVrthen herzogs hVth. j ~" l' 9
This complimentary inscription was conspicuous —
es erLebe DoCh Vnser grosse fVrst frIDerICh CarL I _
Von gott hoChst-begLVCkte Lange regIerVngs Iahr. j ' 9
The picture of the imperial eagle was inscribed —
DeI gratIA, et faVentIbVs aqVILIs ) __
IMperatorIs CaroLI VI. J ~ ty29
2 p
298 WURZBURG AND BAMBERG.
And a portrait of the bishop accompanying it had this bilingual
inscription —
VIta Lonoa et feLIX frIDerICo CaroLo, J
epIsCopo herbIpoLensI, franCIa EOiE DVCI. J ' 9
Lang VnD begLVCkt Lebe frIDrICh CarL, )
bIsChoff zV wVrtzbVrg, hertzog In franCken. j ' 9
A lion in an emblematical picture was inscribed —
Leo DVX InVICtIssIMe saLVe ! = 1729
A picture of a stag at a water-brook was inscribed with words
adapted from Psalm xlii. 1 —
sICVt CerWs sItIens festInat aD pontes aqVarVM. = 1729
Another emblematical picture was inscribed —
I! Leo DVX feLIX, In franCos pergIto Montes. = 1729
Another picture, an emblematical representation of the sun, was
inscribed —
VIVat LongaVas frIDerICVs Vt IMpLeat horas. = 1729
Some other emblematical decorations bore this inscription —
PRitCIpWM VIrtVte tIbI DeCVs. = 1729
An illuminated picture was inscribed in Spanish and Latin —
Don frIDerICo CarLos sVs IgLesIas Con s'Verte bIengo
VIerne Con bIenes Corone e eternIze s' VLoor e gLorIa.= 1729
Los CIeLos pornVeVo obIspo Ij prInCIpe olj Congozo Ij
LegrIa eLegIDo A nobLe franConIa toDo eLbIen osorgVen.^ 1729
assI nos otras s' VIetas o VIetas a Westro seSorIo en
nVestros C6raCone s' DesseaMos. = 1729
se nobIs offert LVX IVCVnDIssIMa ab ALTa = 1729
frIDerICVs CaroLVs sChonborn et reICheLsberg DeI
gratIA epIsCopVs herbIpoLensIs gLorIose et faVstI:
REGNET ! = 1729
Deo aVspICe ILLVstrIssIMa stIrps Ista absqVe fIne
VIrebIt. = 1729
eX noMIne sChonbornIano Larga ostenDVntVr nobIs
GRATliE FLVENTA. ss 1 7 29
DIgna ab aXe CepIt ILLVstrIs et Vera pIetatIs In terrIs
PRiEMlA. as 1729
seCVnDI annorVM CVrsVs non InterItVrI pergant! = 1729
Some emblematical pictures, put up by a certain physician, repre-
senting flowers and a botanic garden, bore these inscriptions, wishing
long life to the bishop —
Vt serVs In CoeLos reDeas ! DIVqVe aDsIs In terra
popVLo. =1729
VIgILans CVstos, In aMore tVenDo non VIoLat sVos. ss 1729
fons speCIosVs IrrIgat sItIentes, hVMeCtat arIDas, erIgIt
herbas VIresqVe. = 1729
The words printed Ij count as Y=2.
'•*
WURZBURG AND BAMBERG. 299
Lucem redde Tuae Dux bone Patriae !
Ins tar Veris enhn vultus ubi Tuus
affVLget popVLo, pVrIor est DIes, ) _
et soLes MeLIVs nItebVnt. ) ' 9
Some illuminated decorations, put up by a certain goldsmith, bore
these chronograms among other inscriptions —
tVta per hoC oMnIbVs atqVe InDVbItata seCVrItas. = 1729
sChVtz VnD geWIsse sICherheIt Vor Den feInDen. = 1729
eCCe gratIa InsIgnIs CaroLVs VnanIMI VoCe faCtVs est
herbIpoLI prInCeps. = 1729
Io popVLI patrIA VoCe regnabIs frIDerICe CaroLe De
eXCeLLentI sChonbornIana stIrpe. = 1729
A picture illuminated, representing a flower which blossoms in
May, out of which proceed a bishop's cap and a ducal hat, the head-
gear of the Prince Bishop of Wiirzburg, and alluding to the month of
May, when this festival was held. It bore this inscription —
Interea tIbI DIVInabo, optatVs CaroLI fLos In MaIo
eXIstens. = 1729
A picture shield, on which were painted a lion and a submissive
lamb. The lion in this and some of the foregoing decorations seems
to be connected with the bishop's dignity of a duke, and no doubt it
was well understood by the people of Franconia and Wiirzburg. It
bore this inscription —
ego sVM pastor bonVs, fons LenIs, DICtVsqVe pater patrLe
gLorIosVs. ss 1729
Some decorations represented fountains as the sources of rivers —
the rivers Main and Regnitz, which flow through Wiirzburg and
Bamberg. They were thus inscribed with words adapted from the
Book of Esther, x. verse 6, and made in allusion to the bishop as the
fountain of the gifts and graces of the Spirit —
Fons, qui crevit in fluvium, et in Lucem Solemque
conversus est, et in aquas plurimas redundavit. Esther
x. 6.
fons fLWIVs faCtVs, fLWIVs soL, soLqVe reDVnDans I
ILLe In aqVas pLVres eX pVLChro fonte fLVebat. J ~ ' 9
eIn bronn In eInen fLVtz Verkehrt \
zV eIner sonnen WorDen, ( =
so Das ganze LanD sehr ehrt, i ' 9
erhebet aLLer orthen. )
The verses extend further, but not in the form of chronograms ;
they are followed by this inscription, which was placed under the
ducal arms —
es Lebe eIn Langes Leben frIDerICh CarL geborner graf
Von sChonborn, WVrtzbVrger bIsChoff, hertzog Deren
franCken. = 1729
1729
300 WURZBURG AND BAMBERG.
This was followed by a picture of a fountain and flowers inscribed,
in allusion to the vivifying influence of the bishop—
qVI hIC haVrIs aqVas, VIDe, Vt fonteM Corones. = 1729
eIn IeDWeDer er so hIer Wasser sChopffet Crone DIesen
brVnnen.
Komm Ober-Unter-Franckenland
Crone diesen brunnen,
Dann das gute euch wohl bekant,
So daraus geronnen.
There were some decorations inscribed with many quotations from
the Old Testament, relating to Solomon, the throne of David, and the
attributes of mercy and judgment, and applying all more particularly
to Wiirzburg and Bamberg, and to the bishop —
er satz aVf Den thron seInes Vatters DaVIDs, seIn reICh
war VberaVs starCk befestet. 3 Reg. 2 Cap. v. 12. (=1 Kings
it. 12.) =1729
ICh wILL seInen thron befesten ewIgLICh, ICh wILL seIn
Vatter seIn, er soLL MeIn sohn seIn. i. Paral. xil
This reference is to Paralipomena, />. the Book of Chronicles. The
subject of the chapter here mentioned does not apply ; it is possibly
intended for 1 Chron. xxii. and xxiii. ; or more likely for 2 Samuel
vil 13 and 14 — ' He shall build an house for my name ; and I will
establish the throne of his kingdom for ever. I will be his father, and
he shall be my son.' See also 1 Kings v. 5, 1 Chron. xxii. 10, and
xxviii. 6. The chronogram makes 1666, and probably in that respect
is erroneous, and I cannot explain or rectify it That year is not that
of the bishop's birth ; he was born in 1674. See my former book on
Chroncgrams, page 499.
The next inscription invokes the blessing of long life for the Fran-
conian bishop—
es Lebe frIDerICVs CaroLVs, bIsChoff zV wIrtzbVrg,
hertzog zv fran c ken langes leben der francken ! = 1 729
Among other decorations the following inscriptions were put up—
sVrreXIt Leo fortIs eX nobILI DoMo sChonborn. = 1729
esto prInCeps noster \ _
popVLVs tWs saLVtarI sperat In te DoMIne. J ~" l129
frIDerICVs CaroLVs A. sChonborn franConLe DVX J
CceLo ConsentIente, v=c 1729
prosper^ regat! j
The remaining two pages of the tract are full of compliment,
eulogy, and praise of the bishop, but not in chronogram. This
anagram occurs, on his name, which is made to represent the
aspiration that he may flourish in Franconia —
Fridericus Carolus.
Anagram.
Circa rus (puta Franconiae) flores diu.
JOHN, BISHOP OF CRACOW
IN POLAND.
>N applauding poem was addressed to John, Bishop of
Cracow, by Michael Glosowicz. The following is a
transcript of the entire tract in the Bodleian Library
(the present press-mark, Libb. Polon. — pp. 4, size 7x6
inches). It is probably a very rare one, and I know of
no other copy. Owing to the peculiar arrangement of the words of
the Latin title, it is difficult to render it precisely in English ; but its
intention may be expressed in the following translation, and I place
it before the original, so that it shall not interfere with the continuity
of the Latin composition. Poetical gratulations of this sort were
frequent in Flinders, and in many parts of Germany (examples are
given in this, and in my former volume on Chronograms), addressed
to the Austrian and Spanish governors of the Netherlands, and to
some of the German Emperors, the rectors of universities, the bishops
in Franconia, and other persons of note ; but this is the only one that
I know of belonging to Poland, and it may be presumed that the
author of it was a native of that country. A long search among
works relating to the bishops of Cracow has not disclosed to me any
similar effusion. At the period of the composition, the Latin was,
and had been for a long time, the language of the Court and of the
higher literature of the nation.
It will be noticed that the author * sings ' his chronograms in
hexameter and pentameter Leonine verses, each couplet making the
year 1742 ; and that he introduces another conceit after the fashion
of German writers, in the nature of an acrostic. The initial letters of
the hexameter lines of the acrostic on page 304 infra form the words
Ioannes VIVE DIU — (i.e. O John live long), by reading such letters
30a JOHN, BISHOP OF CRACOW.
down the columns as arranged, five times repeated ; and he concludes
with an apology in hexameter and pentameter verse. The notes are
from the original. Now for the translation of the title —
1 he applause of trumpeting Fame,
the daring (act) of a jubilant Muse,
Who
to the honour and worship
of the most Eminent and Exalted
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, Priest
Cardinal
John A Lipe Lipsky,
Bishop of Cracow
Most gracious Lord Duke of Severina
is entirely devoted
amongst the joyfully kindled fires of enlightened Parnassus
in the revolving orbit of illustrious light,
the poet in feeble verses (or weak on his feet)
commends it to be most respectfully sung.
TO HIS EMINENCE.
\Sigtud\ The most humble of clients, etc. etc.
Michael Glosowicz
Plausus
Famae Buccinantis,
Ausus
Musae Jubilantis,
Quam
Honori, et Venerationi
Eminentissimi, ac Celsissimi
Principis s. R. e. Presbyteri
Cardinalis
J o A N n i s
A Lipe Lipsky,
Episcopi CracaviensiSy
Severing Ducis,
Domini Domini Gratiosissiroi,
Ex asse dicatam
Inter festivfe excitatos Parnassi illustrati ignes
revoluti Lucis onomasticae orbiti,
Observantissimfe modulari,
Jubet poeta debilis pedibus.
eminentle suje.
Ciientum minimus Theologus Speculativus
et digestista absolutus J. P.
Michael Glosowicz.
JOHN, BISHOP OF CRACOW.
prInCeps InsIgnes reVIDes In MontIbVs Ignes,
Ipsa VoVet pLenIs gLorIa VTVe ! genIs.
DanDo tVbA parVa CresCentIa sIgna per arVa,
WLt tIbI testa* CoLI nVnCIa CVLta poLI.
CVrro, CItVs fLantI pLanta tItVbante VoCantI,
eX nVnC stans et Iens Mente LIbente CLIens.
DIrIs sopItjE tenebrI?, proDIte, VenItb,
Vos qVoqVe rIte Qliii. DICIte : VIVe, nIte !
nostraqVe CVM VernIs, CIt6 CceCIs teCta CaVernIs
eX Latebra nIgra sVrge thaLIa pIgra.
parCe, faVe CLaVDe, neqVe prInCeps ostIa CLaVDe,
parWLa fVLgores Vt Canat ante fores.
sCVtIs VIrtVtIs si spes sIt CInCta saLVtIs
CLaret VbIqVe soLI, DIgna proInDe CoLI.
VIX enIsa foras partVs tVa steLLa sVb oras.
Conveners pII sIgna DeDere DII.
qV6D sis spes * arCIs, tVa MoX InsIgnIa parCIs
InVItIs atrIs IntonVere patrIs.
MontIbVs 2 eX ternIs, patet, e 8 rastorIsqVe paternIs
qV« tV Chara soLI spes IoVe Dante poLI.
CVnCtIs ConCItIs Lis, qVsstIo Mota perItIs?
HiEC qVI sCVta gerIt, pVsIo qVaLIs erIt?
ast Vlsls MVtIs nIhIL aD qV^sIta LoCVtIs,
rIsIt nota trIas sternere VIsa VIas,
qVeIs aD MaIores feLIX enIse VIgores
sIC VaLeas pronVs ferre regentIs onVs.
nVtV DICtantIs sVnt VerIfICata tonantIs,
sIgna, qVeIs MIrI te pr«Iere VIrI.
DVX aLtVs 4trIno genVIno Monte, petrIno
prata gregI qV/erIs, speCtra LVpIna ferIs.
tV stIJgIs A. stagnIs VIgIL Is baLantIbVs agnIs,
hIsqVe MInanDo foVes, ter bene pasCIs oVes.
rastra (InDeX MessIs) tVa sVnt, reCreatIo pressIs,
qVeIs noVere LegI pabVLa sana gregI.
Vbertas CresCIt MessIsqVe CVpIta VIresCIt;
fLos, LaVs Chara ChorI, faVstaqVe fata forL
hInC VICe pLaVDentIs Cano gentIs LaVta VoVentIs:
Constans VIVe, preCor, noster In orbe DeCor.
CVM prjesIs gentI, fert *enses IVno regentI,
Vt ferIas DIros eX grege, CaVte, VIros.
His Vera sIgnIs neMesIs bene nosCItVr IgnIs.
qVo seCtas sopIs, DIgne VIr aXIs opIs,
}-
}-
3©3
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
* In original ' festa ' is altered with the pen into ' testa.'
1. (The hope) of the renowned family ot Lipsky.
2. 3. The devices in the armorial shield of the family.
4. Trina eminente dignitate, sal. Prince, Cardinal, Bishop.
5. Jus gladii at Dnci competens.
3<>4
JOHN, BISHOP OF CRACOW.
seD neC abkst sIgnIs bonItas eXpressa benIgnIs,
qVa tV fLos, DegIs, pLaVsV faVenDo regIs,
iBQVIVALET tVo, pIa Dos, 6patIentIa sCVto,
est nota sanCta CrVCIs portIo pVLChra DVCIs.
ergo Cano, rarIs, tV DVX Donate tIarIs,
qV6d prjEsIs arIs Vt genVIna CharIs.
bVCCIna sVnt pronIs tVa 7teMpora CInCta poLonIs,
qVanta et qVje LegIs CaVtIo, CVra gregIs.
hoC sCIo, si QViERO: CVr rVbro CInCta gaLero?
VVLt spes VIVa MorI pro pIetate ChorI.
ergo parate MorI, qVIa nostro VIVIs honorI,
Verna! resqVe ChorI, spesqVe DeCorqVe for!.
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
1742
His & me poeta minimo in primo limine dictis ulterius submissa
Musa humillimfe progreditur ad jussum meum labiis in sequentia
solutis.
Inchoo
Ocyus
Justitiam
Observans
Jovis
Oculis
Invulgare
Observor
Juvantis,
Ovantis
Applausus
Nomina
Addant
Notificent
Applausibus
Narrata
Axis
Nitore
Amoenae
Novenae,
Nunquam
Noscatur
Nubes
Numerisse
Nocentes,
Ethnarcha
Sideribus,
Excellens,
Superet
Eja!
Solennia
Exoptetis
Saecla
Egentes,
Serenis
Vernent
Viventi
Validis
Vitalia
Venis
Insimul
Vulgato
Eminet
Incipiant
Veraque
Excellens
Innubila
Viro
Exercitus
Jubila
Virtute
Ethicus,
Justo
Vesuisto,
Extra!
Designatque
Ducem
Dextrum
Dominatio
Dextra
Infernis
Urgentes 8
Igitur
Vetulae
Jubeantur
Vitam
Inesse
Violare
Jacentes
Volentes.
Plura de signis gentilitiis dicere volens carmine cancrino jubetur
k me 9 litem h re hac orituram metuente10 in angustiis constituto
scientfeque earn proposito suo satisfacere non posse observantissime
obmutescere.
6. Per signum crucis cardinalitiae designata, congenita Dad sabditis scutum contra
justum rigorem Ducis.
7. Caput Tiaris decoratum.
8. TresParcae.
9. E re lis. 10. angis, si non is signa silere,
Malo canas : animo nomina * sana colam.
* Epithetum musae idem significans quOd prudens.
r
JOHN, BISHOP OF CRACOW.
Carmen Excusatorium
ad quiestionem : cur ser6, camcena ?
Quaestio si forsan fuerit tibi mota canenti
Tardigrado motu cur tua vota feras ?
Die : furiosa nimis strepuit Bellona, Gradivi
Alta mihi claudos tardat arena pedes.
Bis properans ad vota, novo terrente tumultu
Sub primum fueram jussa redire specum.
Ast postquam licuit claudae titubare per oras
Parce, per incoeptum vado laboris iter.
305
2 Q
GERMAN MONASTERIES.
JNDER this title in my former book on Chronograms, at
page 235, several monasteries are mentioned with only a
few associated chronograms, and at page 244 the
monastery of Olmiitz with quite a harvest of them ; at
other places in the same book, chronograms originating
at monasteries, and having some special historical or local allusion, are
arranged with the panegyrics and pageants. The present chapter
will contain chronograms from some other monastic institutions which
my extended researches have led me to observe.
> m*m <
THE MONASTERY OF AMORBACH.
THE commemoration, on 12th to 19th September 1734, of the
completion of 1000 years since the foundation of this Bene-
dictine monastery 1 in the archbishopric of Mayence, is related in a
folio volume in my possession entitled ',/Etas mille annorum anti-
quissimi et regalis monasterii b . m . v . in Amorbach, Ord. s. Bened
in archi-diocesi Mogunt,' etc. By Ignatius Gropp.1 Printed at
Frankfort, 1736. There is a handsome engraved frontispiece, repre-
senting the Virgin Mary above in glory, accompanied by four saints,
from whom proceed rays of light shining downwards on the model
of the monastery church, supported by the hands of two kings,8 one
prince and a saint, who had been patrons and benefactors, standing in
the foreground; the well of Saint Amor, ' Amors-brunn/ giving its name
to the place, is also represented in the left-hand corner of the engrav-
ing. Among the groups of figures are seen inscriptions on scrolls, float-
ing about as it were in mid-air ; one of them is in chronogram, thus —
IstIs sVb patronIs eXtat MILLe annIs. = 11 20
1 The Monastery of Amorbach is in the vicinity of [the village of that name in the
Odenwald, near Michelstadt, and some distance north-east of Heidelberg. It is now
suppressed ; it once contained a fine library.
■ See pages 272 to 286 ante, other monastic histories by the same author. A copy of
this work is in the British Museum.
* An explanatory note states the names : Carolus Mart ell, Pippinus Francis* rex,
Ruthardus comes a Frankenberg, and S. Pirminius, O.S.B.
AMORBA CH MONASTER K 307
At this time the monastery was ruled by prior Engelbert ; his
portrait is accompanied by a special dedication to him on the occasion
of the jubilee, signed thus by the author —
hIsCe, pIo eX CorDe )
serVVs gratabatVr InfIMVs J I734
,F. Anselmus Gropp.
Ord. Erem. S. P. Aug. presbyter indignus.
Five pages of complimentary verses in hexameter and pentameter
metre next follow, accompanied by acrostics on the name Engelbert,
with the following intervening chronograms connected with the subject.
bLanDIor at pro te sors, engeLberte, refVLsIt )
eX IstIs etenIM bIs tIbI qVInqVe Leges. j ~* I734
He is addressed as the new Samson, more powerful than Samson
the son of Manoah. The verses include this chronogram, in which he is
addressed as ' Manuade,' i.e. O son of Manoah —
aC tot, Io RfiAN ! tot, Io I annI nonne sVbaCtI )
sVnt tIbI, ManVaDe qVot perIere VIrL j *734
The angelic sound of his name is alluded to in the next verses,
concluding thus —
CLarIor hIC Vt te, sIt In hoC Long/eVIor orbe : )
CVnCta InIMICa terat, qVjeqVe benIgna ferat. J "" I734
His similitude to Samson is further shown by declaring that sweet-
ness comes from his strength ; the verses conclude with —
qVos CoLIs antIstes seD, o engeLberte, penates ) _
DIrVere ID neqVIIt, segnIVs hIsq: fVIt. , J "" x'34
The series of verses are followed by a wish by the author that he
may enjoy uncommon happiness for many years, concluding with —
Isto breVI CarMIne ) _
gratVLarI qVo aVsVs et appLaVDere J "" I734
The next verses, still alluding to Samson, include these lines —
qVare agItas DIgnIs soLennIa festa trIVMphIs I
fasqVe IVbet Lotos IntonVIsse Choros. J 734
The last set of verses are addressed to the author, Ignatius Gropp,
by one of his admiring brethren. Allusion is made to the name of the
monastery, Amorbach, derived from that of the first Abbot Saint
Amor, and to the fountain of healing water flowing at the place.
This is the concluding chronogram—
h^C noVa sVnt ergo gVstantI raraqVe MVnDo ) _
si poterIs, frater, taLIa pLVra refert. j "~ I734
The history now commences. At page 1 of the book an engraving
represents the monastery enclosed within walls, with young and full-
grown angels floating in the air above, the former bearing the armorial
shields of benefactors, inscribed respectively —
fVnDatVr ab IstIs. ss 512 ) _
LoCVpLetatVr eX IstIs. = 222 J "" 734
308 AMORBACH MONASTER Y.
The latter are blowing trumpets with banners attached, inscribed —
engeLbertVs abbas IVbILjEa MILLenarIa, = 1214) _
festIVIs rItIbVs aDornaVIt. = 520 j 734
The first chapter says that the monastery is situated in the Oden-
wald (ad Sylvam Odonicam) between the rivers Nicer and Main, on
the boundary of the dioceses of Mayence and Wurzburg, seven miles
from Wurzburg, five from Aschaffenburg, fourteen from Mayence, and
one from Amorbach (i.e. German miles). The date 734 is assigned to
the foundation, and St. Boniface and other early preachers of Chris-
tianity in Germany first attracted the high patronage which led to the
establishment of the monastery. The narrative gives many interesting
particulars of its varied fortunes ; it was greatly damaged by various
ware, and by accidental fires and lightning ; and at the time of the
jubilee it was again threatened by the French, who were carrying on
war in the country. Passing over the history of the long line of abbots,
we come, at page 123, to the epitaph of the sixty-first abbot, Joseph
Haberkorn, containing these chronograms —
en ManIpVLos parItbr IosephInos ) __
qVos Iste sepVLChro DIVes Infert ! J 7 7
DefVnCtVs perfrVatVr paCe, et reqVIe seMpIterna. = 1727
The next abbot is Engelbert himself; he was elected in 1727, as
thus expressed —
apostoLI hI DIVIsI ConVenIVnt In engeLbertVM. m 1727
A congratulation was offered in this ' very elegant9 chronogram1 —
CVr engeLberto VenIt InfVLa aMorIs aperto )
rIVo ; habet abbatIs Dona petIta sat Is. \ ' '
angeLVs es totVs, pIetatIs noMIne notVs
te repLet rarIs DotIbVs Ipsa CharIs
opto regas Canos neo-abbas sanVs aD annos, . _
rIVVs aMore fLVat, gratIa rore pLVat. J ' 7
The epitaph of John Francis Sebastian, free-baron of Ostein,
' Satrapiae Amorbacensis supremum prsefectum,' is dated thus —
VIator pIe DefVnCto reqVIeM preCare. = 1718
The jubilee festival was marked by these chronograms, among
other inscriptions which were put up on the occasion —
DeI sVb aVspICIIs,
IstIs sVb patronIs, }•= 1734
eXtat MILLe annIs.
A T the conclusion of the British Museum copy of the foreeoing
J\ work [Press-mark, 488. i. 4.], viz. after the History of the
Monastery of Amorbach, there is a collection of tracts, essays, preach-
ings, etc, at the festival, to commemorate the completion of 1000
years since the foundation of the monastery. At page 91 this one
1 Observe the Leonine construction of the verses.
1727
sanCto sanCtorVM sangVIne \
In terrIs fVnData sVrreXIT. J 734
AMORBACH MONASTERY. 309
occurs, ' Tausend-jahriges Gloria der unerschaffenen Drey-einigkeit
in einer erschaffenen Dreyfaltigkeit abgestattet von einem hoch-
loblichen nun tausendjahrigen KonigL Closter Amorbach,' etc, a
preaching on 15th September 1734, by Richalmus Bechtold, sub-prior
of the monastery, ' B. Mariae V. de Speciosa Valle, ord. Cisterciensis.'
It commences thus —
aVspICe Deo benIgno, CoMIte VerItate, ) _
faVente IVstItIa aqVItate et ratIone. J x'^4
Thema.
Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto, sicut in Principio, et nunc
et semper, et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.
Synopsis.
gLorIa sanCtje trInItatIs InCreat* eX J
trInItate Creata feLICIter resVLtans >= 1734
In MILLenarIo IVbILao. )
At page 94 this chronogram forms part of a sentence —
IVbIL^VM InsIgne DeCet IVbILVs In festIVItate tanta. = 1734
At page toi is this chronogrammatic Trisagion, in the words of
the above Thenta, with a slight alteration at the end —
gLorIa patrI, et fILLIo, et spIrItVI sanCto, )
sICVt erat In prInCIpIo, et nVnC, et seMper, >= 1734
et In s^sCVLa. fIat. )
And at page 102 the preaching thus concludes, alluding to the
fountain, Saint Amor's well, the river of love —
rIWs aMorIs fLVat, et DIVIna I
gratIa perennet In InfInIta seCVLa. / x'34
eIn LIbs-baCh, so g'fLossen taVsenD Iahr aLLbereIt \
soLL fLIessen fort DVrCh gottLICh gVnst In eWIgkeIt. J I734
respondeat oMnIs popVLVs, fIat fIat, I _
fLVat fLVat! In InfInIta IVbIL/ba. ] "" I734
so VWnsCht aLLes VoLCk MIt sConthaL )
LIebsbaCh rInn fort In gottes WahL. J I734
gott gebe ! DIeses WerDe Wahr, )
Leb noCh In taVsenD IVbeL Iahr, / "" I734
J3men.
At page 141 another preaching in 1734 concludes thus —
Jubilaei Millenarii Anno, quo vovimus :
gLorIa In eXCeLsIs Deo, et In terra paX hoMInIbW
regnet, et perennet I
PER TE ET IN TE T 734
O BEATA, ET STERNA TRlNlTAS 1
Das ist :
In dem Jahr, da wir wiinschen :
EHR SEl JE GOTT In DER HOHE ElNlGKElT
aVff erDen! VersChaffe es: o heILIgste, )-= 1734
eWIge, groste DreI J-eInIgkeIt! JftnUlU
i-
310 BERG MONASTERY.
BERG MONASTERY NEAR MAGDEBURG.
AT the end of the volume last quoted there are some tracts relating
to Petrus Ulner, who held the office of Abbot at the monastery
of Berg near Magdeburg. The last one contains the services and
preachings at his funeral on 6th September 1595, and on page 27 are
the following chronograms, showing the foundation of the school and
library at Berg ('Monte Parthenopolitano '), its destruction during
the Peasants' War (' seditio '), the restoration of the school in a more
humble building by Bishop Peter, his rebuilding of the library, and
lastly his death.
Brevis Chronologia Phrontisterii in
Monte Parthenopolitano.
Fundatur extra muros civitatis.
qVm pIVs otto LoCat fVnDans hIC bergICa teCta, = 968
gentIs VIX sana DIrIpIt atra Man Vs. = 1525
Devastatur tempore seditionis rustic a.
VIrgInea atqVe VbI gens DestrVXIt McenIa fIXa, = 1546
EN REPARAT PETRVs PRjESVL AMORE DeI. = 1561
Tempore obsidii Magdeburgensis restauratio.
InstItVIt fratres Vt sIt pIa ManDra Laborans, = 1565
ConVoCat hVC pVeros et faCIt esse sChoLaM. = 1566
Institutio collegii, schola, bibliotheccz, Mors.
CoLLIgIt InstItVIt, refICIt tVnC bIbLIotheCaM = 1569
Seque parat hinc Oavdrw, dum pia fata vocant
The last page is filled with lamentation verses for the death of the
before-mentioned Petrus Ulnerus, * archimandrite' of Parthenopolis
(Magdeburg), concluding with this memorial of his death —
In memorii aeternH erit Justus ab auditione mala non timebit.
tertIa septeMbrIs CceLo bIs LVX erat orta )
prasVL Vt VLnerVs CceLICa regna sVbIt. / 595
Item alia ex Isaiah IviL 1, 2.
VIrI sanCtI et pII Morte CoLLIgVntVr, et reqVIesCVnt
In CVbILI sVo. = 1595
The writer of the memorial goes on to express his true sorrow, and
gives the date of the year, month, and day of the death of Peter Ulner
in this * distich,' which makes playful use of his name.
CIVIs, petre VLnere, poLo VenerabILIs abbas, ) _
SEXTA VT SEPTEMBER LVCe reLVCet, orbIs. / 595
PETRO PETRA FUIT CHRISTUS, DAT PETRA QUIETEM,
PETR0 PETRA TRAHlT, SIDERA PETRUS ADIT.
OBERALTAICH MONASTERY. 31 1
THE MONASTERY OF OBERALTAICH.
A book in my possession (40 pp. 628), procured at Frankfort-on-
Main, bears this title : ' Historischer Entwurff Der im Jahr
tausend siben hundert ein und dreyssig tausend-jahrichen Obern AJten
Aich/ etc. etc ; or, in plain English, 4 Historical Sketch made in 1 731,
the thousandth year of Ober-Alt-Aich ; or a short chronicle of the
ancient free Bavarian Benedictine congregation, under the title of the
holy angel keepers, the incorporated college and abbey of Ober-Alt-
Aich (Upper-old-oak), in Lower Bavaria, in the Bishopric of Regens-
burg, wherein are set forth in five parts, not * only the founders,
restorers, and abbots, and their traditions, rights, and privileges, but
also the miraculous image of the Virgin Mary being brought to the
sacred Bogenberg; . . . besides other wonderful things which have
happened there in the last 1000 years. By ^Emilianus Hemmauer,
Ord. S. B., Professor of the College, and Prior in 1731. Printed at
Straubing.' This verbose title renders needless any further description
of the book, except to mention that there are some chronograms
incidentally mingled with the narrative, wherein will be seen some
punning allusions to the Oak or Oak-tree (the name of the monastery) ;
there are also two examples of the numerical power of letters, in the
cabalistic use of them, to signify the date of certain events. The
whole work is in German, with occasional passages in Latin.
The introduction is in the form of a praise to the Trinity, and to
God the ' Alpha et Omega,' the * Principium et Finis/ the Beginning
and the End ; and it leads to this chronogram verse, marking the
1031st year of the existence of the monastery —
prInCIpIa aC MeDIa en tVa sVnt, Vn-trIne trIVnVs. = 1731
oMnIa na tVa sVnt, CLaVsVLa qVanDo tVa est. = 1731
i.e. Lo / the beginning and the middle are thine, O thou One in three,
Thru in one / All things truly are thine when the end is thine.
' And all voices continually proclaim ' —
gLorIa patrI, et fILIo, et spIrItVI sanCto, sICVt erat In
prInCIpIo, et nVnC, et seMper, et In sjeCLa LoNGk
iNFlNlTA. as 1 731
i.e. Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, as it
was in the beginning, so it is now, always, and for endless ages.
This is followed by an address to the reader by the author, con-
cluding with these words —
Vt In lis oMnIbVs S0LV5 ) _ „
gLorIfICetVr DeVs. / "" I731
i.e. So that in all these things God alone may be glorified.
At page 19, the history, after having touched on the pristine con-
dition of the locality, and noticed the foundation of the monastery in
the year 731, arrives at the one-thousandth year from that period,
viz. 1731, and goes on thus (the italics are, of course, interpolations) —
3"
OBER-ALT-AICH MONASTERY.
Zwar hefftig offt sausen und prausen die Wind,
Doch sich unbeweglich die Aichen noch findt
Semper enixn Quercus, quae quantum vertice ad Auras
^Etherias, tantum Radice ad Tartara tendit
i.e. 'As the Alpine north winds by their blasts strive to overturn a
sturdy ancient oak, the tree itself cleaves fast to the rocks, and as high as
it shoots up to the top in the ethereal regions, so deep it descends with its
root towards Tartarus / — Virgil, AEn. iv. 444.
Therefore confess with David in all humility, Dass taVsenD \
Iahr In ober-aLt-aICh Vor gott, aLs VVIe gestrIger> = 1751
tag, Der VorIber gangen. J
MILLe annI qVerCVs VeterIs, Vt DIes hesterna, qVa
PRATERl IT. =1731
i.e. A thousand years at Ober-alt-akh before God are in truth but as
yesterday past and gone.
A thousand years of the old-oak are but as yesterday which has passed.
The same is expressed by a double Cabala of the year 1731, com-
posed of the following hexameter and pentameter lines —
Saecula signarem Centum ? quid Numine Coram ?
O ! velut hesternus, praeterifire, dies !
This is the key : observe that each letter has its numerical value —
abcdefghiklmno pqrstuwxy z
1 33 4 5 6 7 8 9109030405060708090 100 900 300 400 500 600
Examen.
s 90
s 90 c 3
Q 70 ! N 40
c 3
1
0
So
V200
H 8
p 60
D 4
a 6
i 9
« 5
U 200 • U200
?£
f 5
e 5
r 80
1 9
c 3
g 7
n 40
1 9 m 30
1 20
s 90
« 6
e 5
u 200
n 40
t 100
d 4
i 9
a 1
U200
t IOO
t IOO
s 90
1 20
a 1
11 200
n 40
m 30
t IOO
e 5
« 5
a 1
r 80
e 5
m 30
m 30
« 5
r 80
n 40
U200
r 80
i 9
e 5
1
s 90
r 80
1
1
e 5
320
262
378
a83
3*4
164
1 50
525
618
430
108
Summa.
320
So
262
5*5
378
618
283
43o
3*4
108
164
Summa Summarum.
173* II *73*
OBER-ALT-AICH MONASTERY. 313
At page 32 the fifth chapter concludes with this exclamation —
fIat reX SiBCVLoRVM, DeVs soLVs! = 1731
At page 201 it is related that in the year 13 15 (and in the preced-
ing year), by reason of excessive wet weather, all the corn in Germany
was thoroughly spoilt, causing great famine, sickness, and. death, and
it was feared that a third part of Germany would be abandoned by
the remaining inhabitants. The particular year was marked by this
rhyming hexameter line, the last word containing the date, every letter
being a numeral —
Ut lateat nullum tempus famis, ecce CVCVLLVM. = 13*5
ie. So that the time of the famine may not be forgotten, behold the date
in the word cucullum.
The word literally means 'a hood,' or 'a monk's hood.' It has
no connection with the event. The line is merely epigrammatic and
meirorial, having a single word in the form of a chronogram, to be
used as such to the exclusion of a similar use of all the other words
in the line. The line, therefore, is not a chronogram ; it is only a
line containing a word to aid the memory. On this point the reader
is referred to my book on Chronograms, preface, p. ix, -and to p. 12,
where a similar use of * cucullum' is noticed
At page 413 it is related at the end of the chronicle of Abbot
Benedictus, who was the forty-eighth in succession, that on 13th
August 1699 Marcus, a Capucin monk, died. He was a friend of the
abbot, and was noted for his piety and miraculous powers; the
' Emperor Leopold honoured him with these chronograms ' —
patrI Marco De aVIano Vbro IesV serVo reqVIes et LVX
perpetVa. sb 1699
patrI MarCo ab aVIano CapVCIno ConCIonatorI
eVangeLICIs VIrtVtIbVs eXornato. = 1699
VIenna AVsTRliE In oCVLo DoMInI sVI sVaVIter
eXpIrantI = 1699
LeopoLDVs aVgVstVs, aVgVsta sVa, fILIIqVe McestI
posVere. = 1699
i.e. To father Marcus of Aviano, a true servant of Jesus, be rest and
eternal light To father Marcus of Aviano, a Capucin orator adorned
with evangelical virtues, dying calmly under the eye of his God, at Vienna
in Austria, the august Leopold, his august {spouse), and his sorrowing
sons, have placed {this memorial).
At page 426 it is mentioned that, in the year 17 19, the Electress
of Bavaria erected a church in honour of St. Clara, and it is remarked
that doubtless she would follow the footsteps of that saint, and of St
Barbara and other holy women. Such a hope is expressed in this
chronogram verse —
qVo peDe CcepIt IbI, sIC qVoqVe seMpb$ eat. = 17 19
i.c. By what step she began there, so by that may she always go I
At page 433. In the year 1729 the holy and costly relics which
from time out of mind had been collected in the church were placed
2 R
I-
er —
!■
'/
lilous
}■
45°
314 OBER-ALT-AICH MONASTERY.
in a new reliquary adorned with silver ; the number of them in 1630
was 100, but they were subsequently augmented to the number indi-
cated by this verse —
qVotqVot sInt QViBRVNT saCra In aLtha LIpsana, tot sVnt ) =
His qVotqVot Cernent, VersIbVs esse Legant. J 4
The increased number was thus expressed by another writer—
Was Vor heILLIge Verehret Vnser aLte aICh, )
In zVVen Versen hast es zVgLeICh. j
i.e. They ask how many sacred relics there are at Alt ; there areas
many as they may perceive and read to be in these verses.
The holy things that our * Old- Oak' reveres are set forth in two verses.
At page 437. In the year 1731 the church was restored, the
towers repaired, and all the altars, sculptures, and decorations were
renovated, as shown by this sentence l —
reCeDant Vetera: noVa sInt oMnIa ) _
In sVperIorI Ista qVerCV. J "" I731
i.e. Let old things pass away; let all things be new in this * Upper-Oak*
'Any person observing this monastery within and without would
truly say' —
aLLes 1st nVn neV
oDer DoCh \*=. 1 73 1
VerneVet WorDen.
i.e. All is now new, or else has been renewed.
The writer of the chronicle concludes the subject with this remark,
' We and our descendants will be able to say, as in old days/ —
eX eo beneDIXIt eI. Genesis xxvi. 4. ) ^
and Inter beneDICtos beneDICetVr. Ecclesiasticus xxiv. 4. J x'3
At page 514 the chronicler acknowledges that the Benedictines
enjoy God's gifts and graces, and he attributes to the favour of the
Virgin Mary much of their prosperity, and offers to her this prayer —
WIr bItten
VerbLeIbe Vnser LIebste }>= 1731
aLLergnaDIgIste MVtter !
i.e. We entreat thee, abide our most beloved and all gracious mother!
At page 532 a chapter of descriptive panegyric to the miraculous
image of the Virgin contains this verse from an ancient hymn —
VIrgo sIngVLarIs
LVCens hIC ab arIs , _
CVLpA nos soLVtos, [~ *731
MItes taC, et Castos.
i.e. O singular (or extraordinary) Virgin shining herefrom thine altars,
make us free from sin, mild, and pure.
At page 547 we arrive at another cabala. It relates to ' Albertus,'
whose history is given in several chapters, and we learn that after having
1 The first line of the chronogram is an unacknowledged adaptation of the words in
Revelation xxi. 4, 5 — ' The former things are passed away. Behold I make all things new.*
OBER-ALT-AICH MONASTER Y.
3*5
passed many years in extravagant expenditure and riotous living, he
became converted, and was received into the monastery by the good
Abbot Poppo, who reigned from the year 1260 to 1282. Albert had
been compared, on account of his bad life, to a raven, a black bird ;
the writer of the chronicle, taking this as his theme, composed the
following cabalistic epigram, the words of which make the date of the
current year 1731 (not the date of Albert's conversion), according to
the usual key, which is given at page 312 atite.
En subit6 monachum, Veneris, Bacchique Philekma l1
O jam mollis olor, qui mod6 corvus erat !
i.e. Behold! suddenly he is a monk9 who was a companion of Venus
and Bacchus I O what a delightful odour from him who but just now
was a raven?
Examen.
* 5
s 90
M 30
V200
B 2
p 60
0 50
M30
0 50
Q 70 M 30
c 3
E o5
1140
u 200
0 50
« 5
a 1
h 8
1 9
0 50 1 20
u 200
0 50
?£
r 80
b 2
n 40
n 40
c 3
1 9
a 1
1 20 0 50
1 9
d 4
a 1
i 9
a 1
e 5
h I
1 20
m 30
1 20
r 80
0 50
▼ 200
t 100
t 100
c 3
r 80
e 5
i 9
U200
0 50
h 8
u 200
m 30
1 9
s 90
1 9
q 70
U 200
e 5
k 10
m 30
a 1
1
s 90
s 90
45
45 «
362
429
30i
143
! 90
219
200
279
134
623
186
Summa.
45
90
451
219
362
200
429
279
301
134
143
623
186
Summa Summarum
1731
1 i73i
1 There is no such word as ' Philekma ;' it is an expression constructed by the chronicler,
meaning 0&wca=:osculum, and which is sufficiently translated here as ' companion.' The
letter K is inserted ingeniously enough to get the required numeral, 10.
* The word ' olor7 has a double signification ; in the translation I have taken the mean-
ing to be the 'odour of sanctity ' attributed to Albertus; the word also means 'a swan/
whose white colour may be typical of the purity of conduct of this^ reformed monk, in com-
parison with that of his earlier life.
■ 1
3 16 OBER-ALTAICH MONASTER F.
Some short verses follow in the German language, concluding
with this chronogram—
nVn )
DIse VeranDrrVng aLbertI J __
1st I a eIn Werk gottLICher ( 73
hanDe? J
i.e. Now is not this conversion of Albert certainly a work of the divine
hand?
According to the narrative, which fills the remainder of the book,
prodigies happened, and miracles were wrought by Albert, or through
the influence of his relics, after he died
At page 557 this wholesome maxim, adapted from the words of
Ovid, is introduced with reference to the career of Albert —
prInCIpIIs nI obsIs, tIbI VIX MeDICIna paratVr. = 1731
i.e. Unless you resist the first advances, hardly is there any remedy
provided for you.
There are no more chronograms to demand any further extracts
from this curious chronicle.
UNIVERSITIES.
fOME of the universities on the continent of Europe
commemorated their foundation, and the conferring of
academical honours and degrees on their deserving
members, by elaborate compositions in chronogram. To
almost every cathedral and monastery of Europe there
had been, from a very early period, attached schools, in which all
candidates for priestly orders, and such laymen as could afford it,
were educated. These institutions, in the course of several centuries,
acquired for themselves fixed privileges, and under the assistance
rendered by influential personages developed into independent
universities. Their growth throughout Europe was rapid, and
especially so in Germany, where they became numerous ; and it is
probably owing to the literary tastes fostered in the Germanic univer-
sities, that we are indebted for the contents of this chapter ; not that
the talents of the members were confined only to the particular com-
positions here to be noticed, but we are led by them and similar works
to recognise their influence in the greater part of the chronogram-
matic literature which fills my two volumes.
WVRZBURG UNIVERSITY.
A tract, folio size, in my possession x relating to the University of
Jf-\ Wiirzburg, on the occasion when the Reverend Georgius Haan,
of the Society of Jesus, ' crowned ' four members thereof, or, as we
should >ay, conferred on them the degree of Doctor, on 26th June
1691. The title commences, ' Domus Sapientle quatuor nobilissimis
Columnis recenter aucta, solidata, illustrata, quando reverendus in
1 I do not know of any other copy.
3i8 WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
Christo pater P. Georgius Haan e societate Jesu . . * coronavit,' etc
etc. 26 Junii mdclxxxxi. Printed at Wurzburg. The merits of
the four Doctors are set forth in Latin poems, accompanied by poems
in short metre, the lines of which are arranged so as to form the
shape of four columns, or pillars with capital and base. All the
printing is more or less in fancifully arranged lines, and allusions to
the pillars of Hercules are obviously introduced.
The only chronograms occur at the end of the tract, where it
concludes with * Lusus chronogrammaticus.' This consists of addresses
in epigram to the c Promotor ' by name, and in like manner to each
of the new ' Doctors ' under their figurative position as the four pillars
of the university. Playful use is made of all their names in the
epigrams, and the chronograms are. reserved to do playful honour to
the ' Promotor ' and to all the Doctors in one group. I transcribe the
epigrams.
To the Promotor George Haan. (Alias Gallus, a Cock) —
Fcrgere plus ultra poteras de jure Georgia
Sed te stare loco fixa trophaa jubent
To the Doctor Philip Braun—
Cur tibi Thejosophum placet ultima gloria, Epomis t
Ilia super cunctos eminuisse facit
To the Doctor Peter Scharpff. (Alias a Shaft or Pillar)—
Si petrosa domus quatuor stat fixa columnis ;
Quae supra Petram hanc esse Columna potest?
To the Doctor John Vogel. (Alias a Bird, or Cock) —
Cantavit Gallus ; certas cantando Joannes ;
Si rait hie Doctor, tu quoque Doctor eris.
To the Doctor John Nicolas Schmidt (Alias a Smith) —
Non sum Af armor, ais ; verhra aurea lamina Fabri ;
Credo ; sub hoc radiant aurea tecta Fabro.
Epigraphe chronologica.
To the reverend ' Promotor Haan ' —
sVrreXIt petrVs, gaLLo Cantante, CoLVMna : 1—6
His gaLLVs CeCInIt, sVnt In honore petrI. J x 9I
To all the Doctors together —
tVta stat His qVatVor sapIentIa nIXa CoLVMnIs, ) -
qVas non postbrItas perDere sera potest. J *
FINIS.
A tract in my possession,1 printed at Wurzburg in 1700, may be
^/\ called in English ' May-wreaths placed on learned heads,' on
the occasion when Philip Braun, Doctor of Divinity, etc. etc., at the
University of Wurzburg, crowned four distinguished members thereof,
1 Probably rare ; I do not know of any other copy.
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
3*9
conferring upon them the degree of Doctor. This Philip Braun was,
doubtless, the same who took his degree, as we are told in the fore-
going extract, and now conferred the same degree on others. The
tract consists of twenty-four pages folio, and contains Latin poems
and odes such as the * Muses of Rhetoric ' of the university were wont
to put forth in print on similar festive occasions, and with such
remarkable variety of poetic imagery ; in this instance they are mostly
composed in chronogram, coupled with the allegory of ' Wreaths,' as
appropriate to May, a month sacred to the goddess Flora. The
title commences and concludes thus —
4 COROLLjE MA/ALES doctis verticibus impositae . . .
oblate A Musis Rhetorics Herbipolensis 50 die Maii, Anno 1700.'
The work commences with a poetical address to the goddess Flora
in plain hexameters, with this chronogrammatic rhyming conclusion —
eIa VIrgo beLLa LaVro, \
tInnVLoqVe sVaVIs aVro,
e Canoro nata Monte, v= 1700
garrVLoqVe Lota fonte,
Carpe pLeCtro barbIton I
Lude Prosphoneticon ad Divam. Gratulare votis meis !
Musa Floram invitat.
VIta VernIs spIrat hortIs,
fLore tortIs panDa portIs
terra sVrgIt; pVrIores y=* 1700
faVsta fVnDIt aVra rores.
fLora nobIs aDVoLa!
CVrsItant per arVa DaVnI,
spIssa per VItrea faVnI;
pars ConIsCat fronte beLLa; y=i 1700
fVste pars InIt DVeLLa;
FlCTA PVGNANT PRjELIa.
CarMInatos Ipsa VILLos,
et poLItVLos CapILLos
naIs ornat, sVeta gerrIs, V= 1700
fabVLosIs SjBpe qVerrIs
pLana VeXat LIttora.
tVrba pontI, qVm profVnDas
tVnsa pInnIs Inter VnDas
hasItans et branChIata y= 1700
Len& repIt, apparata
eXhIbet trIpVDIa.
LIberaLIs fLorVLentA
sIstIt annVs In IWenta.
Ipse steLLas CLarIore ^= 1700
phcebVs osCVLatVr ore;
festa sVnt MaIaLIa!
Flora nobis advola.
}■
320 WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
Next follow the 'May-wreaths/ with poetry addressed to the
4 Promoter ' and to the Doctors who are crowned.
The first is the Hyacinth wreath, * Corolla Majalis prima,
Jacinthina/ for the 'Promoter/ Dr. Philippus Braun. This one
contains no chronograms.
The second is the Lily wreath, * Corolla Majalis secunda, Liliata,'
for Dr. Joannes Bernardus Mayer. This one contains no chronograms.
The third is the Tulip wreath, * Corolla Majalis tertia, variegate,
ex Tulipis,' for Dr. Joannes Georgius Fries, commencing thus in
rhyme —
Hespcretusa laudat corollam suatn.
beLLa tIMantIs fVerIt pateLLa :
beLLIor zeVXIs fVerIt tabeLLA: >=_
NON PLACENT: LONGE TVLIPiE PRiElBVNT: ' '
ISTA PERlBVNT.
en, Vt effVLgent patVLo nItore! \
en, Vt eXCVLto VarIant CoLoreI ( _
qVIs potest faMA foLICata ferre ( '
PALLIA TERRjE? *
SPORTVLiB RORls, sItVLjEQVe LONGiE;
et tIgres MaII, zephyrIqVe CoNCHiE;
VERlS EXPANSiE TRABEiE; TENELLI ' '
rVrIs oCeLLI !
paVo prjeLongIs VIbret In speCILLIs;
fVLgeat pICtIs VenVs In CapILLIs, .__
Vos noVI fLores MIhI rarIores ' 7
estIs honores!
The fourth is the Stellaria, or Stitchwort wreath, ^Corolla Majalis
quarta stellea, ex herbis Stellariis,' for Dr. Adamus Conradus
Reibelt Commencing thus in rhyme —
Flora amulam cceli corollam laudat.
LVna se VeLat, fVgIVnt et astra;
pVLsa sVnt CceLo tVa phcebe, Castra, >s=
qVanDo nVnC terrIs renItent DeCores f '
nobILIores.
STELLVLiE PRATl, VlRlDES PLANETiE,
Inter hortenses soCIas VIgete! v
bLanDIVs CrIspA reVIrete LaVro, ( 7
CLarIVs aVro !
terra Vos VernIs generaVIt annIs;
fLora forMaVIt, tenerosqVe pannIs . _
sepsIt, et gratI Dea sponsa partVs ( 7
VInCIIt artVs.
o qVIs, o qVantVs VIror est In ore!
phcebe, non aVDes fIDIbVs Canore . t
asseqVI frontIs LepIDos nItores, ( '
VerIs honores!
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY. 321
!■
I700
The fifth is the Rose wreath, ' Corolla Majalis quinta, regia, ex rosa
regina riorum/ for Dr. Joannes Casparus Christianus Papius. Com-
mencing thus (observe, the rose of Psestum is mentioned) —
Zephyrus Reginam suam laudat.
LVX soLI, fLorjB DeCVs, et Corona
te pIo nVtV, faCIeqVe pronA
DIVa gens hortI CoLIt! o beatI
fILIa pratI !
phosphorVs sVDA VenIens qVaDrIgA \
VILet, et fessA Vaga LVna bIgA (
sqVaLLet, et pr^stans rVtILante C0LL0 ( "~ I'°°
paLLet apoLLo. )
et tarentInIs sVa sInt VIreta; \
sIntqVe PiESTANls sVa LI LI eta ; f _
soLa Me segreX satIas tVo re- I ~" I'°°
-gIna pVDore. )
O BONl PRiESTENT GENII, POLVsqVe ; \
Vt tener fLos sIt tIbI bVLbVLVsqVe, ( _
Chara, qVI patrIs reCreet geMeLLIs f~" I^°°
ora LabeLLIs. J
The tract concludes at page twenty-four with a Greek chronogram,
and a Latin translation thereof, also in chronogram —
Votum Gracochronometricum.
rUv AoScu/ Kc4>aAH nalAEvrau/ AHi/ AlaTHPHI. } [_
Uav tE dEI XAoaHI twIAE MAovtI All. ) "" I7°°
Idem Latine redditum.
DoCtoraLe CapVt VIrIDes hos serVet honores ; ) _
CVnCtaqVe sIC VIreat LVstra VoLente IoVe! j "" I7°°
The same done into English —
May the Dodorial head preserve these verdant honours ; so, God will-
ing* may it flourish through all time I
This Greek chronogram cannot be put on the same level of merit
with any good Latin chronogram, for this reason ; all the letters of
the Greek alphabet being numerals, it is needful to omit from the
reckoning several of the letters contained in the chronogram sentence,
and to use only sufficient of them to make the intended date. The
original, moreover, is incorrectly printed; the large letters therein
make only 940, 1 have therefore ventured to make the needful correc-
tion, by printing more capital letters to make the intended date 1700.
I have added the Greek alphabet numerals so far as they are
within the compass of this chronogram, so that the reader may test it
without trouble. •
a/Jy8*s{i/0i#cA/*v£ofl-7p <r t v <f> \ \p <a
1 2 3 45 67 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200300400500600700800
It must be obvious to a careful observer, that a Greek chronogram
cannot be constructed on the same basis as a Latin one, where only
certain well-ascertained letters can be used, and all such letters in the
2 s
322 WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
sentence must be used. The sum-total required for the above Greek
chronogram might be arrived at by some other selection of letters in
the same sentence, but there would be no defined means for detecting
error of intended date by misprint or otherwise. The same remarks
will apply to chronograms in the Hebrew or Arabic languages.
A tract in my possession,1 printed at Wiirzburg in 1 703, may be
jf\ called, in English, 'The new year of the great Emperor Leopold,
happy and glorious for the three laureated men, when the most noble
and reverend John Blasius Weigandt, professor at the university of
Wiirzburg, bestowed upon them the degree of Doctor of both laws,'
etc. ... in the year 1 703. The title-page is long and complex. It
contains chronograms, and commences and concludes thus —
< NO FUS ANNUS
LeopoLDI MagnI CesarIs = 1703
in triumviris laureatis ter felix et gloriosus, quando nobilissimus . . .
Joannes Blasius Weigandt . . . [here are the names and titles of the
* triumvhV], in alma Herbipolensium universitate ritu majorum
solenni Juris utriusque
DoCtoraLI strenA \jexk IMpertIebat, = 1703
Festo carmine decantatus a Rhetorica Herbipolensi tempore, quo
Romano Imperio, gravissimus post Orbem conditum bellis implicito,
Magna MoLIs erIt, roManaM ConDere genteM = 5652
[the next line explains this date],
Est annus a Mundo condito quinquies millesimus sexcentesimus,
quinquagesimus secundus, juxta computum calendar iL' [/>. Anno
tnundi 5652, according to one mode of computation].
It may be inferred from the poems which fill the tract that the year
1703 was one of good omen to the German Emperor (Emperor of the
Holy Roman Empire), and through him to the university of
Wiirzburg. The day and month of that year are not mentioned; but
it may be gathered from the first words of the title-page, and the use
of the word 'strena' (meaning a new year's gift) in the second
chronogram, that the time was the month of January. The writers of
the tract have carefully avoided the mention of any date in simple
figures. That the year was 1703 is evident from the chronograms.
The period is enigmatically indicated in the following epigram, which
occupies the back of the title-page. The reader has to discover it
by reference to the Roman Calendar and the rules for finding the
Golden Number of the year.
1 I believe a rare one ; for, unfortunately, as will presently appear, I do not know of any
other copy.
f
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY. 3*3
Epigramma ad Lectorem
de die et ann<5 in quern promotio trium Doctorum incidit.
Octavam sequitur, decimi prior, ilia Calendis
Lux triplici melior nomine Jane, tuis,
ftSSjf w*a Qu& tres Phoebeii decerpet ab arbore Lauros
T*~~ "" D' Jam novies* simili dives honore manus,
Imponetque Tribus,** qu&s si superadditur unus,
£IF5SM Aureus est Anni, quern canimus, Numerus.
Omnia cum tria sint, anno, quo promovet unus,
Aureus et felix hie Tribus Annus erit.
[This puzzle tells us that the < Promoter' has promoted 9 times. He
has now promoted 3 doctors, and 1 year added makes 13. That number
is the Golden Number of the year 1703. The number, so called from its
having been formerly written in golden letters in the almanacs, is the
year of the cycle ofig years in which the current year falls. To find
it, add 1 to the year of the Christian era, and divide by 19/ the
remainder is the Golden Number of the year ; but if there be no remainder,
then 19 is the Golden Number. The subject is a complex one. See
Handy Book of Rules for verifying Dates. By John Bond. pp. 114-
I24J.
The first poem is an address by Janus (January) to Phoebus in
Latin hexameters, the last line being a chronogram.
tVM sVper aXe noWs feLIX DesCrIbItVr annVs. = 1703
The Roman emperor, Julius Caesar,1 is, in imagination, brought
into the scene in an epigram. He is mixed up with the German
emperor, with the 'Promoter' on the present ceremonial occasion,
and with the three new doctors in a chronogrammatic address, which
I transcribe as it stands in the original. This title precedes the
address —
C. Julius Caesar post triumphos innumeros et lustratum victoriis
Orbem, hinc laboribus, inde viginti tribus conjuratorum telis confectus
suae se involvit purpuras, et quiescit, succedentibus in Imperio
Triumviris.
orItVr, qVanDo oCCIDIt,
ConfeCtVs beLLIs,
et hostILI senatVs InfensI ferro V= 1703
IVLIVs !
feLIX honorIs hostIa.
IaCens aD araM gLorLe ) __
In ostro Latet, / ' 3
Vt In VItje oCCasV \
CROCEOS NOViE AVRORiE CoLORES PlNGERET, f =
fe qVIbVs serenIorIs noMInIs t ' 3
HORiE AVREiE NASCERENTVR. )
1 Caesar is the ordinary Latin word in these and other similar compositions to signify the
Emperor = ' Kaiser ' or • Czar,* etc.
3*4
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
NON ENlM SER6 RVBENS iETHER
aVt pLWIas,
aVt InDeCoras heroInIs VIrtVtIbVs nVbes parIt.
SiEPE taLIs CoLor est granDe MaIestatIs
aMpLIfICaNDjE PARELION.
hanC refLeXo In trIVMVIros raDIo sparsIt,
post pata In trIbVs
TERRjE FRiENA REG ENS,
qVjE VIVens Vno robore gesserat
tanto qvippe atlantl
tres sVCCeDere herCVLes oportebat,
Vt qVIa pro trIbVs
soLVs DICtator stetIt Cjesar,
tres pro Vno
orbIs regna sVstInerent.
pVrpVile sVje IMpLICItVs
DVX InsIgnIs qVIeVIt,
1Mb tVnC eXpLICaVIt
sIgna rosea;
sVb qVjE LaVreata trIas
et trIpartIta teLLVs
Leges regnIs aCCeptVra properaret.
GbsareM fInIs Iste DeCebat:
VIVere, et seMper VInCere In pVrpVra,
In qVA eXpIranDo,
ab Ipso fVnere gLorIose respIraret.
non VLtrA sVb rosIs Latere LICebIt:
naM LVCIs eXpers non est
VernantIs ostrI ILLVstrIs LVCVs;
Isto DVM Inter spInosos ICtVs
IVLIVs tegItVr,
noVI honorIs InsIgnIa reteXIt.
o nobILe InVoLVCrVM trabea!
CVI soLI sese InVoLVVnt prInCIpes,
orbIs sCeptra VoLVentes !
o fortVnata In ostro regaLI otIa !
QViE DII et honor parIVnt!
ferIjE taLes post fata atqVe faCta
IVCVnOe sVnt,
LaVreIs CasareIs fertILes,
perennIs gLorLe feraCes
NE MlRARE, De PRInCIpE, CiESARE,
MagnIfICo DoCtorI,
ET PROMOTORl
ter CLaro, ter gLorIoso
TANTA DEFERRl.
h&C Mra fIgIto JDICta. Virgil, JEn. x. 103.
CiESAR ES
non e soLIo Leges et IMperIa ferre, seD
}=
I-
}=
1703
1703
1703
► = 1703
>= 1703
= 1703
*= 1703
= 1703
'= 1703
'= 1703
= 1703
> = 1703
►= 1703
1703
1703
1703
1703
1703
r
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
32S
* Smmiarem
annum untvtr-
•• Antekanc
viginti Doaorei
ect» tHversis
vicibus crtavit
D. Prpmttor.
••• J. Casar
oaidit.
k CoDICe IMperatorIo : = 1703
aCaDeMICIs sapIenter = 1703
k CatheDra proferre soLItVs
annorVM trIgInta qVatVor spatIo
In profess VrA y= 1703
anno tertIo
3qVe 4qVe beatVs.
CiESAR ES, NON ENSE LETHlFERO, . _
seD LIbro eMInens j "" l7°3
eX VtroqVe enIM sIgno hoC,
VeL CERTfe eX aLterVtro,
et prIsCA, et haC jETATE NOSTRA i ~~ I7°3
CiESARES SALVTANTVR.
IVLIVs es
ab VnIVersItate IVLIo-DVCaLI
EOiE FRANCIjE1 ^= 1703
bIna In ea SjbCVLa aperIens
et sCHoLiE* et orbIs fVnDatL
ITA * ~i-
aLterA C LItterA aD noMen posItA: j "" I'0^
C. I. CiESAR )
est proMotor trIaDIs. J "" l<°3
CVI neC sVa pVrpVra, )
neC VVLnera DesVnt, >= 1703
qVIbVs LIteratI CiESARES DoCtor soLent InsIgnIrI. j
si taMen VVLnera VoCare LICebIt, \
QViE si saVCIant, f _
CLara reLInqVVnt tIbI ( ~ l7°3
aLtIorIs honorIs VestIgIa. )
aDaMas non iNsClTk apeLLaberIs, = 1703
qVI sCaLpro artIfICIs SiEPlVs LiEsVs et poLItVs, ) __
eX sIgILLI IMagIne pVLChrIor gLorIatVr. f - ^°3
IDeo LaborIbVs
pro Deo, prInCIpIbVs, et franConLe patrIa
CeV teLIs r- ll°3
ICtVs fVIstI IVrIs-ConsVLtVs.
SjEPE COPIOSA CELEBRIS eLoqVeNtIjE VENA
In herbIpoLensI theatro gLorLe IngenIosa
tIbI pLagA, aperta stetIt v= 1703
k qVa tyrII sangVInIs gVttjE DestILLArVnt,
Vt DoCtores pIngeres.
VIgIntI**
Chara HiEC negotIa faCessIVerant :
hIs neCte ^= 1703
trIVMVIros,
et In VIgIntI trIbVs Cesarea*** VVLnera reCenses^
1 />. Francbe Orientalis = Franconia.
326 WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
eX hIs fontIbVs )
si tantVM In aLIos pVrpVreI spLenDorIs fLVXIt. j ' 3
qVanto LVMIne, non eXtIngVenDo \
sol noster ivli, ( =
TER ET VlGESlES PVRPVRATE f ' 3
RESPlRABlst )
In epoMIDIs ConChA = 1703
eLeCta Deges et LegerIs posterIs > _
MargarIta. j~ I7°3
non In ostro eLegante ConDIta LatebIt faMa, = 1703 j
Lar£ CeLebrabItVr, ^ I
ET CiESAR
POST CORONATOS TRlVMVlROS
novos annos )■:= 1703
pVrpVra sCrIbere,
et orIentIs Instar phcebI VIVere
InCIpIet gLorIosos.
Ita proMotorI, DoCtorI preCor. = 1703
At page 14 the * Annus Novus ' is made to do honour in epigram,
chronogram, and odes, to Andreas Hoffman, the first of the three
crowned doctors ; an epigram to Augustus on his closing the doors of
the belligerent god Janus, at the return of universal peace to the
world ; followed by a symbolic allusion to the three suns which were
seen at Rome in the time of the Emperor Augustus, and were
regarded as a thrice happy omen ; and this motto ' Tres portendunt
aurea soles Temporal The chronograms then follow, alluding to all
these subjects —
aVt CgeLVM patItVr \
phcebos DVos f _
et paterno non VnVs phaeton f ~" I'°3
VehItVr qVIetVs throno; )
aVt bIfrons IanVs \
In soLIs InnoVatI spLenDoreM >= 1703
VVLtV VtroqVe transIVIt. )
ERRO
trIsMegIstVs tItan est: \
aVgVsto, portentI Ignaro, VIsVs, ( _
In DoCtore aVgVsto f "~ 1^°^
raro IVbare refVLgens. )
sIC geMInant raDIosas faCes. = 1703
VIrtVs, sCIentIa, et gLorIa,
trIpLICIs soLIs
In LaVreato VertICe ^= 1703
ter feLIX phcenoMenon
Lato aVgVrIo fertILe,
r
*FuUD.Neo.
Doctor
ctlrissimo in
Arctm.
Afarianam
Parotkus
Gemunda.
— Arx Herbip.
a patrocinio et
Stahtd B. M. V.
deauratd, sum-
m*o tjusfi
itmpositd
dititur
Mariana.
WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
nItebas In Ipsa sortIs tVm aVrora
LVCe Ita perfeCta,
Vt aqVILInos,
gryphI CeLsIssIMI patrIas terras LVstrantIs
oCVLos non effVgeres.
tVnC qVIppe Inter VItIfera terr^e fronDentIs JVga
noVo fVLgore eXerens MentIs JVbar
et orIebarIs apoLLo,
et, non steLLeos seD anIMatos greges
JETHEREO DoCTRlNiE RORE
PER MCENl l ET GRATliE FONTES PASCEBAS*
aLter, eXIn, atqVe aLtIor
In arCe franConI^e prInCIpe
sVb** MarIano regIn^ ILLVstrIs astro
soL ILLVXIstI.
qVI LVMen RARiE VIrtVtIs, spargIt:
(hoc planets est)
qVI oraCVLa
Inter saCrI ConsILII angeLos
enVntIat
(Ista phcebI sVnt)
Io!
tertIVs In te soL a sapIentIa pIngItVr,
renoVantVrqVe proDIgIa
herbIpoLI,2
qVm SOLIVs ROMiE esse
NE VANfe opInare
trIsMegIsto ConseCrat hoDIe
DebItas phcebcejE arborIs CoroLLas
theMIs
Ita
eX LaVreato ortV et progressV
IbIs
In pLeno gLorI^ TViE MerIDIe
VsqVe In aVge
aspIret aLpha
et oMega DeVs spIrItV sVo LenI
Vt e6 tItan eLeVerIs,
qVo tVa te VIrtVs trahIt.
tVnC VenIent annI aVgVstI,
qVos eX ternI sIDerIs aVreo fVLgore
opto serenIssIMos.
327
►= 1703
1703
1703
1703
= 1703
»■= 1703
1703
: 1703
: 1703
>= I703
= 1703
= 1703
1 The river Main, which flows through Wurzburg.
2 Herbipolis, i.e. Wiirzburg.
328 WURZBURG UNIVERSITY.
non rVItVros In oCCasVM.
aVgVstI sVnt v_
aVgebVntVr et CresCent ILLI ( ' 3
Ita feLICIter,
Vt CVM statIo
eX trIpoDe sVa LiETO eVentV }•= 1703
possIt VoVere Vates:
fIneM NESTORliE, preCor, egreDIare seneCtjE ! = 1703
}■
I-
Hiatus valdfe deflendus ! ! My copy of this remarkable tract is
here defective. Pages 19 to 28 were torn out before ever I saw it. I
know not what they contained, and I am unable to supply the absent
odes and chronograms (?) because I know of no other copy. The
torn inner margins of tne pages testify to their former presence in
their right place. By way of consolation, however, I am tempted to
declare that the foregoing extracts are quite long enough. The next
extract, from page 29, almost says so —
Io! fLoreat seMper DoCtoraLIs trIas ter beata, = 1703
Jam
trIaDeM2 CeCInIsse sat est. = 1703
The tract concludes thus at page 30. The words of the chrono-
gram are literally those in the Vulgate Version of Psalm xviii. 2
(English Version xix, 1) —
Omnia ad Majorem,
Quam
CceLI enarrant gLorIaM DeI. = 1703
A tract in my possession, printed at Wurzburg in 17 16, and which
/\ will bear the English appellation of 'The Olympiad formerly in
Greece,' on the occasion when the Doctor's degree was conferred on
four members of the University of Wurzburg, on the 12th May a.d.
1 61 6. The title-page is long and involved; it begins and concludes
thus —
1 This line is marked as a quotation from ' Statius, lib. 1. Syfo. in Tiburtin. M.
Vopisci V.% ultimo*
* From this it may be inferred that there were two other sets of chronograms, one each
for the second and third crowned doctors. •
MAYENCE UNIVERSITY. 329
' OL YMPIAS OLIM IN GR&CIA
Ab Hercule Idaeo quatuor germanis fratribus ad exercendas corporum
vires instituta,
hodie
in Francia-Orientali l ad coronandos quatuor invictorum in Stadio
Juridico heroum agones renovata, quando, etc. (i.e. when the contest
and coronation took place.) . . . Applaudente rhetorica Herbi-
polensi Die xii. Maii Anno Christi mdccxvi. Fundatae Universitatis
cxxxrv. Celebrate ibidem primae Olympiadis Juridical, cxxxi.'
The occasion is thus likened to a contest at the Olympian games
in ancient Greece. The tract consists of thirty folio pages full of
Latin odes, epigrams, etc., and only a few chronograms, which are
put as mottoes to the poems; they are quotations mostly from
the Bible and some classic writers, and exhibiting much ingenuity in
their application to modern dates.
erItIs sICVt DII, sCIentes bonVM. Genesis iii. 5. =1716
gaVDent In CVrVa agnosCere Meta. Statius, Tfteb. 5. = 17 16
si qVoD es, appares CVLpa soLVta Mea est. Ovid. = 17 16
IpsI InfIrMatI sVnt, et CeCIDerVnt. Psalm xxvL 3. Vulgate. = 17 16
non gaLeas qVassat, non terraM CVspIDe pVLsat. (sic.) = 17 16
Juv. Sal. ii. 130.
aCCIpe, qVoD nVnqVaM. Horace, Sat. lib. 2. ii. 66. =1716
CeDat In VsVM nVnC. (sic.) Horace, Sat. lib. 2. ii. 134. = 17 16
hoC opVs hoC stVDIVM. Horace, 1 Epist. iii. 28. =1716
seD LICet, sVperbVs aMbVLes. Hot. Epod. iv. 5. =1716
sIgna DVCes et Castra MoVebVnt. Juvenal, Sal. viii. 13. = 17 16
toLLVnt InnVMeras aD astra VoCes. = 1716
eCho nyMpha, ea qVje DICVntVr, resonat. = 17 16
These last two lines precede an epigram, and do not appear as
quotations. The epigram contains some quaint echo verses.
MAYENCE UNIVERSITY.
A tract (folio) in my possession,8 relating to the University of
Mayence on the occasion when degrees were conferred on
certain members thereof, under the happy rule of the Archbishop
Lotharius Franciscus, on the nth July 17 13. The title commences —
'Aula Honoris . . . novo triumpho consecrata;' etc.
Published by the Society of Jesus at Mayence (Moguntium).
The only chronograms are at p. 13, in the ' Consecratio et
descriptio aulas honoris.1 I transcribe them as examples of the
1 ue. At Wiirzburg in Franconia.
* I do not know of any other copy.
2 T
330 MAYENCE UNIVERSITY.
ingenious application of the words of the ancient Latin authors to form
modern dates ; the chronograms read as part of the original text —
CoMItatVs ILLo DIgnVs. Senec. in (Edip. = 17 13
qVaLeM CreDIbILe est ore fVIsse. Ovid, Trist. in. iv. 38. = 1713
prIMo aWLso non DefICIt aLter. Virg. s£n. vi. 143. = 17 13
This was over the door in golden letters —
honorI aCaDeMICo VotIVa. = 1713
One of the candidates for the Doctor's degree was —
henrICVs Menshengen De soCIetate IesV. = 1713
These also occur —
hIC LaVros tenDat aVItas pIMpL/ea. Claudi. lib. 3. adRuffin. = 17 13
jeternVM sIC trahIt Ista DeCVs? = 17 13
ID gerere beLLVM CVpItIs. Sen. in Theb. 4. v. 49. = 17 13
te IVDICe VInCaM. Hot. Sat. 1. ii. 134. = 17 13
regIVM CapItI DeCVs. Sen. in Agam. v. 8. =1713
DIes, qVj£ MagnI ConsCIa partVs. Martial. 1. 17. Ep. 18. v. 1.= 17 13
frv^
ALTORF UNIVERSITY.
A folio volume of academical tracts in prose and poetry, emanat-
ing from the University of Altorf (British Museum, press-mark
732. 1. 1 ) bears this title —
ACTA SACRORUAf SsECULARIUM
quae favente Deo immortali sub auspicatissimo . . . imperio Caroli vi.
. . . senatus Norimbergensis . . . celebravit Academia Altorfiana. —
1723-
There is an engraved emblematical frontispiece, and at page 32
there are portraits of certain of the ' Curators/ who are afterwards
mentioned in the chronograms, also many other engravings. There
is a narrative of the founding of the university, with chronograms on
the year 1723, when the first commemorative jubilee festival was held,
and a list of the names of the curators and professors of the university,
with complimentary remarks, all in chronogram of the same year.
At page 160 a pretty engraving shows a figure standing at an altar,
emblematical of the c Noricum ' Muse, or Learning, in the province of
that name, inscribed —
IVbILa Laeta Deo norICa MVsa VoVet. = 1723
At page 189 are described medals commemorative of the jubilee,
bearing these chronograms —
geDaeChtnVs Des ersten IVbeIz-fests Der VnIVersItaet
aLtorf. = 1723
IVbILaeo prIMo VnIVersItatIs aLtDorfIno-norICae. = 1723
sVbLapso VegetIs MVsIs per gaVDIa saeCLo. = 1723
A medal representing the university buildings bears these mottoes,
which are explained at page 194 of the volume —
qVoD te per sVperos per ConsCIa nVMIna VerI = 1723
ALTORF UNIVERSITY.
331
IVbILa VnIVersItatIs aLtDorfInae CentenarIa prIMa. =
oVoD Mare non noVIt, qVae nesCIt arIona teLLVs? =
A large engraving of the portal of a building, with a dedication to
the Emperor Charles vi., bears several inscriptions and this chrono-
gram—
Deo serVatorI Vota s^eCVLarIa prjEStant )
MVsiE aLtorfInae. ] ~~
At page 309, after passing over all the intermediate pages, full of
university orations and descriptions of ceremonials, we come to some
gratulations in poetry and prose; and the names of the Emperor
Charles vi. and of the several dignitaries of the university, in chrono-
gram as follows —
Sectio Villi.
qua proferuntur gratulationes
quorundam Norimbergensium
I.
T P I A K A 2.
Chronosticum
In )
saCra \ ^
VnIVersItatIs aLtDorfInae f
IVbILaea prIMa,
InVentore
IoaChIMo negeLIno
aeDIs beatae VIrgInIs pastore
et poeta LaVreato.
IMperante CaroLo norIDIs parnassVs eXsVLtat. —
perILLVstrIs senatVs norIMbergensIs sapIentI DeCreto ) _
et faVore popItIo, /
agIt festVM saeCVLare aLtDorf: VnIVersItas. =
aLtorfIna aCaDeMIa Inter pIa Vota et sVspIrIa IVbILat. =
MVsa aLtDorfI Vno transaCto IVbILat aeVo. =
LaetatVr1 tetzeLIo, IMhof, grVnDherro, ebnero, CVra-
torIbVs. =
Iohannes IaCobVs baIer, reCtor MagnIfICVs fasCes heLI-
ConIs norICI gerIt et regIt non sIne gLorIa. =
spLenDet parnassVs aLtDorfInVs proCanCeLLarIo georgIo
CaroLo WoeLCkero. =
ChrIstophorVs eLIas oeLhafen a sChoeLLenbaCh generosVs
oppIDI nobILIs aLtDorfInI est praefeCtVs. =
gVstaV georg zeLtner theoLogIae professor prIMarIVs,
DeCanVs et pastor. =
Iohannes VVILheLMVs baIerVs DoCtor. =
Iohannes IaCobVs pfItzerVs, norIbergensIs, DoCtor et
VerbI MInIster.
1723
1723
1723
= 1723
= 1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
1723
== 1723
1 The names of the four persons whose portraits appear in an earlier part of the volume.
\
332 ALTORF UNIVERSITY.
hbInrICVs hILDebranD, aLtDorfInae VnIVersItatIs
senIor. = 1723
Iohannes georg fIChtner, IVrIs Interpres et VeneranDI
orDInIs DeCanVs. = 1723
eVCharI Vs gottLIeb rInk Magnae erVDItIonIs poLIhIstor. = 1723
georg heInrICh LInCk aLtDorfInVs patrIs heInrICI ICtI
ET ANTECESSORlS HiERES, IVrIs DoCTOR ET PROFESSOR. = 17*3
Iohannes IoDoCVs beCk, norIMbergensIs IVrIs Interpres
egregIVs. = 1723
Iohannes IaCobVs IantkIVs, MeDICVs InsIgnIs. = 1723
Iohannes heInrICh sChVLtze, gratIosae faCVLtatIs
IatrICae aLtDorfInae soLers DeCanVs. = 1723
ChrIstIan gottLIeb sChWarz, phILosophIae MoraLIs
professor, orator aC poeta neC non faCVLtatIs senIor. = 1723
Iohannes heInrICh MVLLer, CeLebrIs faCVLtatIs phILoso-
phICae aLtorfInae brabeVta. = 1723
Iohannes DaVID koeLer, hIstorIae professor et fIDVs
bIbLIotheCarIVs. = 1723
IaCob gVLIeLM feVerLeIn, LogICes aC aLtIorIs phILoso-
phIae professor speCtatVs. s= 1723
Iohannes CaroLVs beheIM, aL: et oeCon: In LICeo
aLtorfIno rIte ConstItVtVs Inspector. = 1723
heInrICh ChrIstoph bIttner, VnIVersItatIs M0D0
NOTARIVS. ss 1723
*
* *
stasqVe, paLaeCoMe, VIgIntI LVstraqVe aDornas! = 1723
InCreMenta tVI DeCorIs paX tVta serenet. = 1723
eXsVrgat seMper per seCVLa gLorIa pInDI. = 1723
Laeta aLtorfInae MVsae DeVs oCIa faXIt. = 1723
saLVa sIt aLMa parens, DVret qVoqVe fILIa Laeta! = 1723
Some verses follow, in which the exploits of the German emperors
are praised, concluding with a summary of the names of the before-
mentioned four ' Curatores ' of the university, as follows —
Anno quo
tetzeLIVs 56
IMhofIVs 1007
gr Vn Dherr Vs 5 1 o
ebnerVs 5
CVratores 105
VnIVersItatIs 13
VIrentes 6 }=* '7*3
patresqVe 5
PATRIAE i
eX 10
VOTO 5
mi
■
ALTORF UNIVERSITY. 333
The remaining gratulations do not contain chronograms.
At the end of the volume are two separately printed tracts,
addressed to the Austrian princes, with title-pages commencing with
chronograms to give their date.
1st. IVstItIa CaCVMIne InsIDens. = 1716
It is addressed to the Archduke Leopold, son of Charles vl, born
in 1 716. The author is Jacobus Narzymski, a noble of Poland.
2d. JosephVs haVD oCCVMbens. = 1716
This relates to Joseph, the late emperor, brother of Charles vl
The author is Fridericus Guillelmus Ponikau, a knight of Silesia.
This university again appears in one of a set of seven volumes,
noticed again at page 335, infra; in volume i. Tract 2 is entitled —
'Actus promulgationis privilegiorum,' etc., at Altdorf in 1697, on
the occasion of the Emperor Leopold having raised the university up
from its previous condition of a school. At page 22 is this anagram
and verse containing the words of the anagram, highly complimentary
to him —
Leopoldus Caesar ;
Deus Apollo, creasf
Omni jure Deus meritoque vocaris Apollo,
Per nos, Doctores tot, Leopolde, creans !
There is also an engraving of the medals struck on the occasion,
but not showing any chronograms. At page 159 and following pages
we find the programme of the ceremonial in bold print, and these
chronograms —
PROGRAMMA PHILOSOPHICUM.
Succrevit olim Altdorfii
eX aCaDeMIa VnIVersItas, = 1623
nunc autem
In VnIVersItate prIMI theoLogIae \
DoCtores noVa sVa eXerVnt \ = 1697
IVra. )
i.e. The Philosophical programme. The University of Altdorf has
grown out of what was formerly the school. Now indeed the first
Doctors of theology in the university put forth their own new regu-
lations.
WITTEBERG UNIVERSITY.
A volume of tracts (British Museum, press-mark 525. d. 5, 1-44.)
contains a collection of Disputations at the University of
Witteberg, in Latin, by various members there. Anno 1607. No. 25
is between Jacobus Martinus, Professor of Logic, and Petrus Gsedicus.
334 HALLE,— DANTZIG, UNIVERSITY.
It concludes with some Latin verses addressed by the former to the
latter, and subscribed thus —
Ercoortxov Ejusdem ad Eundem.
ILLe tVVs feLIX Labor: HiEC Mea sVnt tIbI Vota: 1 _ 6
sis LVCens PATRliE faX, preCor Ipse, tVm. ] '
Matthias Joannis f. Medelfardensis Danus.
i,e. This is thy successful labour: these are my vows to thee: may est
thou, I pray, be a shining light to thy country.
HALLE UNIVERSITY.
A thick quarto volume (British Museum, press-mark 823. e. 1.) of
tracts describing the festivals held in 1740 at many of the
German universities to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the discovery
of the art of printing, labelled c Hilaria typographical and catalogued
in 'Academies, Erfurt University.' Tract No. 5 relates to Halle
University, and at p. 285 there are some verses preceded by this
title—
typographic DIVInItorIs enCoMIa ) =
Vtpote qVm IVre IpsI ConVenIVnt. J ~~ ,74°
The rectors of this university, for ten years in succession, were
commemorated in chronogram, giving the dates 1694 to 1703. The
reader is referred to my former book on Chronogratns, page 374,
where these rectors are so mentioned.
DANTZIG UNIVERSITY.
TRACT No. 6 in the foregoing volume describes the proceedings
at Dantzig University when the commemoration of the inven-
tion of printing was held. There is no pagination, but in sheet n this
bilingual chronogram occurs —
DatVr eX Voto artI tIIpographICae
etItIa Magna In IVbILaeo tertIo faV
Ietzo 1st Der bVChDrVkker kVnst DrIttes
LaetItIa Magna In IVbILaeo tertIo faVsto j "" 1§M°
tzo 1st Der bVChDrVkker kVnst DrIttes ) _
IVbeLfest In VerganVegen zV haLten. / ™" l^°
i.e. It is given as an offering to the art of printing with great joy at the
third propitious jubilee. — Now is the third jubilee festival kept, of the art
of printing.
The commemoration by chronograms of the invention of printing
will be seen also in my former book on Chronograms, pages 293, 294,
where the festival held by the printers of Augsburg is described.
A small book (British Museum, press-mark 273. a. 16.), entitled
' Athens Gedanenses,' etc, by Ephraim Praetorius, printed at Leipzig
in 1 713, contains an account in Latin of the origin of the University
r
DANTZ1G UNIVERSITY. 335
of Dantzig, the names of many of the rectors, professors, and others
belonging thereto, with a list of the works written and published by
them. I gather the following chronograms from its pages.
At page 8, a medal gives the date of the first foundation jubilee —
anno gyMnasIo geDanensI seCVLarI. = 1658
And at page 9, there are two couplets on the same occasion,
written by Doctor John Maukischius (or Maukisch) —
artIs aMor LVCet: nobIs aCCVrre benIgno ) _ , R
aVXILIo eXCeLsI IesVLe (sic) sVbVenIens. J ~" I05
Also
artes aCCers?s? Leges non aspera beLLa ) = , g
aCCeptaMVs? eros Iste satIsfaCIet. j 5
It is explained that the numeral, and certain others, of letters
printed large in the original, are the initial letters of the names of the
scholars. An anagram on the names and title of the same writer is
given at page 102, and the title of one of his works is thus given —
faMa LaVrentII eIChstaDII. 1660, folio. = 1660
At page 37 Joannes Kittelius, a pastor and preacher, is said to have
died, in the year given by this quotation from Matth. xxiv. 13, Vulgate
Version —
qVI perseVeraVerIt VsqVe aD fIneM, Is saLWs erIt. = 1590
At page 189 it is mentioned that one of the schools was established
in the year thus inscribed over the door, — Anno quo VLaDIsLaVs
qVartVs bInos regnI hostes barbaros VIDenDo sVperat. = 1634
At page 194, another school was established in 1640, and the date
was given in the last couplet of some verses inscribed over the door —
hIC est VIrtVtI noVa fabrICa aperta, poLItos ) _ ,
hInC CapIVnt patrI^ CVrIa teMpLa VIros. J ~ I04°
The reader is referred to my former book on Chronograms, pages
184, 185, for some further chronograms relating to this university.
BASLE UNIVERSITY.
A collection of tracts in seven volumes, relating to a considerable
number of German and other universities, as to their foundation
ceremonies, jubilee commemorations, the conferring of degrees, dis-
putations, appointment and death of rectors, etc. etc. (British Museum,
press-mark, 731. e. 1-7.) Chronograms are found only in those tracts
relating to the universities under German influences.
VoL 2. Tract 1 is a 'secular oration,' at the commemoration
jubilee in 1660 at the University of Basle, the 200th year from its
foundation, which was in 1460. The title-page is as follows: —
' OR AT 10 SECULARISy de academiae Basiliensis ortu et progressu ;
In publicis ejusdem comitiis, pro felici seculi terti (sic) auspicio, pridie
336 BASLE UNIVERSITY.
nonas Aprilis Anni Cl3 IoC LX. Illustri et frequentissima Panegyre
in sestivS. theologorum aula, dicta a Luca Gernlero, rectore.'
The oration is in Latin, it occupies 57 pages and concludes,
according to the customary form, with the word dixi.
It is followed by several sets of verses, etc. * Carmina secularia,'
contributed by various members of the university, in praise of the
institution and of the various eminent men who had been educated
there. The first verses are associated with this chronogram —
aCaDeMIa basILIensIs VIgeat! = 1660
At page 69 is a ' Carmen reticulatum,' in twelve hexameter lines.
At page 70 is a 'Carmen mathematicum de voce Academia, in
quinquaginta voces resoluti ;' in every line there is introduced a frag-
ment of the word or some transposition of the letters, so as to make
proper Latin words in the 54 hexameter and pentameter lines which
compose the ' Carmen.' On page 73 there is ' Carmina Acrosticho-
Tautogrammaton,' a set of 19 hexameter lines of five words each, the
initial letters of which when read down the columns as the words are
arranged, make the words Academia Basiliensis, but they have no
chronogrammatic meaning. On page 73 there is the * Votum Chrono-
logicum,' the facsimile of which, taken from the original, is given on
the opposite page.
The words in the circle are a chronogram, and read thus —
ab InItIo aCaDeMIa VIret fLorere pergat. = 1660
The radiating lines are hexameters, and read thus —
Arceat a nostris oris Altissimus arm A.
Irradiet nostris pi A mentes Gratia Christl.
Optima Pax vireAt Musis nostroque LyceO.
Exulet a Patri A tristi mors noxia falcEo
The chronodistichon beneath the circle reads thus —
nasCItVr aMbrosII LiEto hIC sCoLa patrIa soLe, = 1460
aMbrosII Cantat IVbILa grata DIe. = 1660
Explanation.
In the above ingenious lines the initial and the terminal letters are
the same, and they are found also in their proper place in the circular
chronogram, whilst the great A in the centre of the circle is also the
central letter of these lines. The whole may be translated thus —
The academy is full of strength from its beginnings may it continue
to flourish. — May the Most High keep war at a distance from our land.
May the pious favour of Christ enlighten our minds. May the best
peace be prosperous to the ' Muses ' and our Lyceum. And may death
with his hurtful scythe be exiled from our country.
These peaceful aspirations are not to be wondered at, when we
remember how much central Europe had suffered from the desolating
Thirty Years' War. The chronogram below the circle has this meaning —
Here rises under a happy sun the paternal school of Ambrose.
Grateful thanks it sings on the day of Ambrose in 1660.
Now we arrive at the meaning of the great A in the centre of the
j
BASLE UNIVERSITY.
337
VOTUM CHRONOLOGICUAi
CHRONO STIC HON.
NasCItVr AMbrosII L«to hIC sCoLap atria foLc,
AMbrosHCantatlVblLagrataDIe.
MpplAudcbdt
HHSNRICUS KlSSBLflACHIUff,
inAcadBafil.PhyficcsProf.oi'd*
vmf.
2 U
338
GIESSEN UNIVERSITY.
circle. Saint Ambrose, here indicated by his initial letter, must be
regarded as the patron saint of the school ; his day in the calendar is
the 4th of April. The title of this tract tells us that the jubilee was
held ' pridie nonas Aprilis,' which in the Latin calendar is equivalent
to the 4th day of April as we now express it
At page 78 we come to the the last chronogram in this tract —
aCaDeMIa basILIensIs sIt VIrens ! = 1660
GIESSEN UNIVERSITY.
VOLUME III. of the series mentioned at page 335 supra, in
Tracts 4 and 5, there is an account of the ceremony and pro-
ceedings at the University of Giessen on the occasion of its recon-
stitution by George 11., Landgrave of Hesse, with the orations,
congratulatory verses, and votive poems. Written by Johannes
Tachius, one of the professors there, and published at Darmstadt in
1650. There is also an engraved title-page. The verses commence
at page 153 under the title of * Carmina votiva,' and are addressed to
George, the then reigning Landgrave of Hesse, who is praised
throughout as a munificent benefactor and patron of learning; the
Latin verses conclude with this i Eteostichon continens, cum pio voto,
annum restaurationis ' —
ChrIste sChoLaM eXaVge, prInCeps hanC georgVs honorI, )
nVnC pLantat gIssa rVrsVs In Vrbe, tVo. J
i.e. 0 Christ \ increase the school exceedingly ', the Prince George now
replants it in the city of Giessen to thy honour.
At page 164 the sixth set of verses concludes with this ' chrono-
distichon ' —
o pater, Vt VIgeat gIssena aCaDeMIa, faXIs )
VIrIbVs egregIIs, perpetVIsqVe bonIs. j ""
i.e. O father, thou wilt bring it to pass that the academy of Giessen shall
flourish with surpassing strength, and perpetual good fortune.
At page 175 various sets of verses are addressed to the
grave, commencing as follows —
Ad serenissimum et celsissimum Principem ac
Dominum, Dn. Georgium 11. Hassiae Landgravium, etc
Academic hujus Instauratorem.
qVIs gIssjE refoVet MVsas? Vah tVte georgI
has reVoCas, at te qVIs foVet? Ipse DeVs.
i.e. Who cherishes again the Muses of Giessen 9 Ah, it is
O George, who recaUesi them, but who cherishes thee ? God himself.
Palindromon incluso Eteosticho.
Thespiades, duce Te, conscendunt pulpita Gissae,
Vindice Te, redeunt Pallas et Eunomia.
Cattigenae mera laus gentis, Dux Inclyte, surgit,
Postera laudabit Te pia progenies.
Land-
}-
thyself,
1650
1650
1650
GlESSEN UNIVERSITY. 339
perfVgIVM tIbI sIt IesVs, paX, anChora, VTra, ) -
Integra stIrps sVbItc- ne tVa DIspereat. J "" 5°
i.e. The Muses, thou being their guide, ascend the platform at Giessen ;
thou being their guide, Pallas and Eunomia return. The genuine praise
of the people of the nation of the Catti {Hesse), O renowned prince, is
lifted up. A future pious offspring will praise thee. May Jesus be
the refuge, the peace, the anchor of thy life, may thy whole offspring not
be lost suddenly.
Then follows an anagram and chronogram combined, a somewhat
difficult sort of composition; the name, etc, of the Landgrave is the
Programma.
Georgius 11. Hessiae Landgravius, instaurator
lumenque universitatis Gissenae.
And the distich chronogram, indicating the date of the university,
is the
Anagramma.
oh es LaVs ataVIs InsIgnIs, VIrqVe sVaVIs, ) _ ,
gLorIa GERMANiE gentIs VIrtVte renIDes. / "~ 5°
it. George II., Landgrave of Hesse, the restorer and the light of the
University of Giessen. — Oh, thou art an illustrious fame to thine
ancestors, a delightful man, the glory of the German nation, thou art
resplendent with virtue.
A simple anagram then follows, exhibiting much ingenuity in
adapting the same 64 letters to a double use, and to a twofold mean-
ing, as will appear in the epigram —
Programma.
Academia Gissensis pur£ restaurata.
Anagramma.
Ara resignata es Musis ac edita rupes.
Then follows the hexameter and pentameter epigram, showing
that the Landgrave George is the New Parnassus. The first line is
literally the above anagram line —
Epigramma.
Ara resignata es Musis ac edita rupes,
De qua prospiciunt Suada Minerva, Themis,
Quam recolunt Phoebus, Charites et turba Novena,
Hinc te Parnassum suspicor esse novum.
A literal translation is offered : — Thou art an altar, an elevated rock,
opened to the Muses, from which the German Minerva and Themis
revisit us ; hence I suspect thee to be the new Parnassus.
The allegory of the altar is again used, at page 178, where another
section commences, intituled l Ara Votiva,' addressed to the Land-
grave George by John Justus Wynkelmann, historiographer. A dedi-
cation to him concludes thus —
340 GJESSEN UNIVERSITY.
VIrtVtIs patronVs,
IVstItLe assertor,
aCaDeMLe gIssensIs
restaVrator
i7
8
1603
5
ET
nVtrItor
VIVat !
6
11
►SB 165O
VIVat apoLLo noWs ! VIVant heLIConIs aLVMn* II 6
et sChoLa gIssensIs CeLebrIs noVa fIat In orIs ! / ^°
sydus capra ; leo ; rutilans ; clamosa ; resurgens ;
Luceat hoc Christo ; et HjEC verbi pascua carpat ;
hic defendat Apes dulcissima mella legentes ;
Sic voveo ; Votum tu consummate Jehova I
The words printed in small capitals allude to the armorial insignia
of Hesse. The chronograms may be thus interpreted —
Long live the patron of virtue, the restorer and nourisher of the University
of Giessen. — Long live the new Apollo ! — Long live the foster-children
{the scholars) of Helicon, and may the school of Giessen be renewed in
our land !
The verses which occupy page 179 are preceded by an anagram,
which is also a chronogram —
Programma.
Georgius Hassiae landgravius
et Heros gratiosissimus est prselargus Universitatis
nostrae
Giessenae restaurator et reparator.
Anagramma (dempta tamen unica litera A) exhibens carmen quod
annum restaurationis academic GissENiE continet.1
hassIs restItVIs rVrsVs generose georgI, =
MVsas LargItas gIessae regnante rVDoLpho; =
tV IoVa tVtarIs reparatas eIa rIte = 19 }-= 1650
RE nostras.
Summa, 1650^
The program and the chron-anagram may be thus interpreted: — George,
Landgrave of Hesse, a most popular hero, is the munificent restorer and •
renovator of our University of Giessen. — O generous George, thou
restorest freely to Hesse the endowed muses of Giessen, in the reign of
1 It will be observed that the context immediately following the ' programma ' points
out that one letter A must be dropped ; the fact is it contains one diphthong JE more than
is required to make the perfect anagram. The second line of the chronogram gives the
date 1612, when the Emperor Rudolph 11. was reigning ; he died, however, afterwards in
that year.
GIESSEN UNIVERSITY. 341
Rudolph ; mayest thou, O /ehovah, defend our possessions (oh joy /)
duly recovered.
The alliterative verses which next follow carry on the gratulations
of Giessen and the glorification of George ; the translator craves
excuse for not giving an English version in the same form —
GISSA.
Gratuite Giessam, Gemm& Generose Georgi,
Genteque Grynaei per Grat£ Glorificasti
Gissa Gerit Gremio, Gazam Gratam ; Glomeratur
Gorgeneas Guttas Gustans Grex, Gloria Gliscat,
Grynaei ! Gaudens Generoso Gissa Georg(I)o
Gratuatus, Grandesce Gregem Gravitate Guberna.
Gratulabundas Gratabatur
Eberhardus Fabricus, Hassus.
At page 180 the tract concludes with a set of verses, which ter-
minate with this chronogram —
ANNO
eIa IaM nostrIs reDIIt paX aVrea terrIs. ) = 6
teVton sVb fICV post IbI tVtVs erIt. J ~" 5°
i.e. Oh joy / now has golden peace returned to the land, the German
shall henceforth be safe there under his own fig-tree.
The remaining volumes relate to German and some French and
Italian universities, but do not contain any more chronograms or
anagrams.
THE Saxon Chronicle by David Chytraeus, Part 11., quoted at
page 128 ante in the present volume, contains some chrono-
grams relating to the University of Giessen. At page 127 thereof it is
related that in 1607 the Emperor Rudolph 11. confirmed and enlarged
the privileges. of the university; the particulars of the charter are
quoted, and the names of the patrons and high officials are given in
chronograms which indicate the date of the event, thus —
Perscriptum Darmstati vicesimo octavo Augusti,
ANNO
ChrIsto IesV MoDerante: = 1607
rVDoLpho IMperatore LargIente: = 1607
LoDeuIgo hasso LanDgrafIo fVnDatore: = 1607
Ioanne strVppIo De geLLnhawsen proMotore: = 1607
Ecclesiarum verb eo loci Superattendente :
ss. th. DoCtore hereMIa VIetore : = 1607
In noVa aCaDeMIa regente: = 1607
DoCtore gVDefreDo anthonII. = 1607
34*
LEIPZIG— UTRECHT, UNIVERSITY.
LEIPZIG UNIVERSITY.
AT pages 172-176 of the chronicle last quoted, a jubilee of the
University of Leipzig is described, concluding with these ten
memorial lines, which give the date —
Senarii
Numerates
X
Ad annum Christi mdcix pro memoria
Jubilaei Lipsici
boheMLe DatVr reLIgIo LIbera. =
Lis Magna De regIone sVrgIt gyLIa. =
grataM Deo se IVbILans fert LIpsIa, =
aCaDeMLe SARTiE et VIgentIs gratIA, =
annos DVCentos InDe InItIa post Data. =
VIgore In Isto perstet ergo aCaDeMIa : =
sIt sospes Vrbs aCaDeMI-* pIa hospIta : =
reLLIgIo sana DetVr In boheMIa : =
DIreMta Lis et sopIatVr gyLIa. =
fas est ea Inter IaM preCarI gaVDIa. =
Vincentius Schmuck. D.
UTRECHT UNIVERSITY.
4 volume of tracts and disputations of certain universities in
Holland and Germany (British Museum, press-mark 525. d. 18,
. Tract 10, ' Exercitatio philosophical by Petrus k Cleyburgh.
Trajecti ad Rhenum 1689, contains some complimentary poems to
the author ; the last one, in the Dutch language, ends with this
Xpovo8i<rrt.)(ov.
Was IDer een geLIICk heer CLeyborCh tot het Leeren.
VeeL soVDen'er soo sLeCht nIet Weer te rVgge keeren,
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
:}-
1689
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
iN my former book on Chronograms there is a long
chapter devoted to 'Distinguished Men/ extending
over 33 pages, commencing at page 349. The follow-
ing chapter comprises the names of a miscellaneous
assemblage of persons of distinction, extracted from
numerous books ; the right of many of them to the appellation is
obvious, but others are unknown to fame, and some have even passed
out of memory. All, however, are to be judged here on chrono-
grammatic principles, and in order that they may be placed on an
equality of right, I venture to assert that when a chronogram on any
one is made and printed, it is a mark of distinction conferred on that
person. And I may add that whenever I have found such a chrono-
gram in the by-ways of research, or in books discovered almost by
mere accident, I have carefully preserved it ; and all are placed here
which do not fall conveniently into any other group that I have
made for their classification.
THE first name is a very famous one, it has been the theme of
many chronograms. Here are a few more in addition to those
previously collected in my former volume. I find them in a Latin
work in my possession, ' Rerum Germanicarum Scriptores,' etc, put
together by John Georg Leukfeld, printed at Frankfort-on-Main 1707,
folio. In the section ' Thanatologia ' —
Martin Luther died 18th February 1546—
oCCVbVIt febrVo fataLI Mense LVtherVs ) 6
aLtera eVangeLII gLorIa paVLe tVI. j 1$*
i.e. Luther died in the fatal month February, another glory of thy gospel,
O Paul
344 SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
eXorItVr bIs nona DIes VbI febrVa ChrIstI 1 _ g
CceLICa propICII regna LVtherVs aDIt. J "" 54
i.e. When the twice ninth day of February arose, Luther entered the
kingdom of the merciful Christ.
Luther is mentioned in a 40 volume of tracts, funeral orations,
etc (British Museum, press-mark 489. g. 23). Tract 13, consisting
of eight leaves only, * De viro sancto Martino Luthero purse doctrinae
evangelii instauratore, ex hie mortali viti ad aeternam Dei consuetu-
dinem evocato.' Vitebergse, mdxlvi. — 'Durch M. Joannem Stigelium,'
(so catalogued) contains an elegy on Luther in hexameter and penta-
meter verse concluding thus —
fortIs at eXtreM* VeraX jETatIs heLIas 1 _ - g
CeLsa pIVs CceLI teCta LVthere sVbIs. J 54
i.e. Thou bold and true Elijah of this latter day, O pious Luther, goest
up to the heavenly abode.
A slightly different version of these lines is given in my book
Chronograms, page 340. In addition to the Luther jubilee medals
mentioned in Chronograms, pp. 340, 341, 1 find in Zedler, xl. 675,
the mention of another which was struck at Strasburg, inscribed —
MartInVs LVtherVs theoLogI-* DoCtor. = 171 7
spes ConfIsa Deo nVnqVaM bona Vota fefeLLIt. = 17 17
Another, also from Zedler, liv. 1339, in commemoration of the
festival on 31st October 17 17, at Weissenfels, inscribed on a half-
thaler coin —
gLorIa ChrIsto LaVDesqVe ManebVnt. = 171 7
And another similar coin, referring to the same festival, repre-
senting a church on a rock, inscribed —
soLa In soLo ChrIsto ^ternVM DVratVra. = 1717
Philip Melanchthon, the companion of Luther, is mentioned
in some epitaph verses in a work, ' Scripta publica proposita a Pro-
fessoribus in academia Vitebergensis ab anno 1540 usque annum
1567/ 7 vols. 8°. The chronogram is by Henricus Millerus Hesse.
(See also Chronograms, p. 335) —
Tempus obitus 1560.
noCte VbI ConsVMpta sVrgVnt eX pLeIOa nam 1 *
fVnCtVs es heV VIta sanCte phILIppe tVa. J 5
It is mentioned in Zedler's Universal Lexicon, xlii. 551, that
some words contained in the ' Te Deum Laudamus ' (which was com-
posed about the year 390) were regarded as an omen or prognostica-
tion. Thus the sentence —
tIbI CherVbIn et seraphIn InCessabILI VoCe proCLaMant. = 1517
i.e. To thee Cherubin and Seraphin with unceasing voice do cry.
was applied to certain persons who were imprisoned for their religious
opinions during the troubled times of the Lutheran Reformation in
Germany, which are dated from the year 15 17. The following words,
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 345
adapted from St Matthew xi. 15, have been applied also to the
preaching of the Reformation —
qVI habet aVreM aVDIat. = 1517
i.e. He that hath ears let him hear.
The reformers made the words which next follow applicable to
the eventful period ; they give the date when Luther published his
Theses against Tetzel, but otherwise the meaning is equivocal —
MVnDVs VIgebIt. ie. The world shall be vigorous. = 1517
MVnDVs totVs perIbIt. i.e. The whole world shall perish. = 15 17
Pope Innocent XII. died on his 'jubilee day;' he reigned
nine years. (From Zedler, xviii. 233)—
InnoCentIVs XII. pro DeVs pontIfeX In Ipso IVbILjEO
MorItVr. = 1700
A collection of epitaphs oi emperors and other distinguished
persons in a book bears this title — 'Theatrum funebre, exhibens
per varias scenas Epitaphia nova, antiqua; seria, jocosa, etc. etc.,
cxtructum a Dodone Richea (seu Ottone Aicher). Salisburgi, 1675.'
The book is catalogued at the British Museum under the name
Aicher (press-mark 1090. b. 16). Pars prima, pp. 216. Pars
secunda, pp. 208. The three following chronograms occur in the
book.
Pietro Bembo, cardinal ; epitaph in the cathedral at Milan —
Hie situs est Bembus satis hoc, nam caetera clarent,
Quo se cunque decus protulit Eloquii.
Another at Rome.
beMbVs obIt Veneta LaVs VrbIs, gLorIa fVLgor : )
eLoqVIo CLarVs, CLarVs et hIstorIIs. J "" *547
He was born in 1470, and died in 1547 ;. he was an accomplished
scholar and a distinguished statesman. Residence at the voluptuous
court of Leo x. at Rome had a prejudicial effect on his private cha-
racter. See Chalmers's General Biographical Dictionary^ iv. 409,
where the date of his death is erroneously given as 15 18.
Antonius h Granvalla (Antoine Perrenot de Granville),
cardinal Epitaphs made by Nicolaus Oudars —
saCro a granVeLLa LVCens antonIVs ostro, ) _ g,
teCtVs Carpentana1 heV perenotVs hVMo est ! / 5
Also
haC perenotVs habet CIneres antonIVs VrnA ; ) _ ~,
MoLLIa seCVrVs spIrItVs astra CoLIt. J "" I5*°
He is mentioned in Biographic Universelle, Ancienne et Modcrne^
xviii. 315, as Antoine Perrenot, minister of Charles v. and Philip 11.
1 A place in Spain.
2 X
346 SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
of Spain ; born 1517, died 1586 at Madrid, buried at Besancpn. He
had much influence in the politics of Europe.
Albertus, Cardinal, Archbishop of Mayence and of Magdeburg,
died, aged 56 ; the circumstance alluded to is not explained —
LVget sVbLato MogVntIa pr*sVLe, ab hesso ) _
henrICVs CapItVr, tVrba reLICta fVgIt. J "" lS4S
Philip Carl, Elector of Mayence, was born 26th October 1675.
He became Archbishop of Mayence in 1732. The following chrono-
gram is recorded in Zedler, xxviL 1877 —
faVente sVperna gratIa
phILIppVs CaroLVs
eX perantIqVa ab eLtz
prognatVs prosapIa ^
nono IVnII f- I732
arChIepIsCopVs atqVe eLeCtor
MogVntInensIs
mqVo eLatVs fato.
i.e. Philip Charles, sprung from the very ancient family of Eltz, celestial
grace favouring him, was on the gth of June raised by just destiny {to be)
Archbishop and Elector of Mayence.
Abel Vinarius or Weinhin, born at Hansburg, in Landau,
a man of note in Wurtemberg, died 27th February 1606. His
epitaph included these lines —
febrWs eCCe ! LVes ter sparsIt ab aXe noVenas ) _
eXCeLsI WeInhIn sCanDIt aD astra poLL J ""
Abel Vinarius
avaypapfia
VbiElisa? Vmd.
i.e. Lo / February spread the melting snow thrice nine times from above,
when Weinhin ascends to the realms of the highest heavens.
Meaning that he died on 27th February. The anagram on his
name is made to ask the question (reminding some of us of a ' slang '-
call once familiar in the London streets), 'Where's Eliza?' probably
meaning his wife; the answer follows it, ' In the tomb.'
Caspar Siegmund Reimann, pastor of the church of SS.
Peter and Paul at Liegnitz. Born 1684, died 1739. (Zedler, xxxi.
240)—
reIMannI VIrtVs, DoCtrIna et gLorIa VIVIt, ) _
LIgnItII natIs Ipse sVperstes erIt. j "" x?39
i.e. The virtue, the learning, the glory of Reimann lives ; he himself
will live to tlu sons of Leignitz.
Christopher Daniel Schreiter, born at Wiirtzen, near Welt,
5th December 1624, doctor of theology, most celebrated, died, aged
1606
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 347
ninety, in the year twice told by the following chronogram contained
in his epitaph at the college, which does not otherwise express the
date. (Zedler, xxxv. 11 70) —
DoCtor sChreIterVs nonagenarIVs esto \ =
sospes et ietatem nestorls instar ag at. j ~~ *7*4
Iste bonVs Verb serVVs fIDVsqVe tot annos i
aVferat e IoVe sVa VIa LVCra ManV. f " I7'4
Joann Joseph Sporck, a high official in Bohemia. See
Zedler's Universal Lexicon, xxxix. 366. His epitaph —
sporCkIVs hoC sItVs est bVsto LaCryMare VIator : 1
nVnC LVgent CharItes reLLIgIo, pIetas. J I7:57
In Chronograms, p. 377, this epitaph is applied to another man of
the same name, with the variation of one letter to make the date
1738.
J ohn Oldendorp of Hamburg, and professor at Marpurg, died
on 3d June —
ah oLDenDorpI IVnI Vt LVX tertIa fVLsIt ) -
nos fVgIs hessIaCe LeXqVe saLVsqVe sCHoLiE. J I5 7
± etrus Ramus, of Vermandois in Picardy, a learned professor
at Paris, seems to have got into execrable and dangerous company,
and after receiving twenty-eight wounds was pitched out of a window
dead, at the age of 57, in the year —
Vt perIt aCCeptIs VICenIs oCtoqVe raMVs )
WLnerIbVs, phcebI LVX stVpet atqVe fVgIt. J 57
oCCVbVIt raMVs prjeCLarVs gaLLICo ab ense. = 1572
Andreas Alciatus, a learned man at Milan, died—
IVra IaCent, strepItVsqVe forI, LegesqVe saLVbres, ) _
CVr? IaCet anDreas DVX et apoLLo forI. J ~~ 55
Sebastian Unterholzer, a 'renowned man,' died on the 27th
June 1577, according to these verses in his epitaph —
ter noVIes IVnI, raDIabat IgnIfer, astra ) _
VnDerhoLzere qVanDo sebaste petIs. J ^77
Philip Verheyen, Professor of Anatomy at Louvain. Born
1648, died 28th January 17 10. A work by him, on the anatomy of
the human body, was printed at Cologne in 17 13, in which were
several sets of verses in praise of him, and lamenting his death. Two
pages of Latin hexameter and pentameter verse have this chronogram
at the conclusion —
JaCet VerheYen honor MeDICIn^. = 17 10
The letter y counts as 11=2. t\e. Verheyen the honour of the
medico/ art is dead,
348 SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
Simon Zschoka, bom at 'Pausa in Botigland,' in 1582, a
priest. He studied at Leipzig, and he died of the plague in 16 18.
His epitaph contained these words (Zedler, lxiii. 758) —
JesVs CorDIs MeI thesaVrVs. = 1618
i.e. Jesus the treasure of my heart.
Antonius Viriherus, of whom some account is given in
Zedler, xlviii. 1763, wrote a book (British Museum, press-mark 1x5. a.
10), 8°, the title of which begins in chronogram, containing the author's
name and the date, thus —
VInDICLe boheMLe \
QVAS >= I7AO
PATRliE SV/E sCRlPSlT f '*
antonIVs VIrI-herVs. J
Sive
Compendiosa deductio famosse qusestionis
super nexu, inter sacrum imperium
Romano-Germanicum et
inclytum Bohemias regnum intendente.
Norimbergae & Pragae. 1740.
The dedication follows next, 'Magnificis, spectatissimis inclytis
Dom, Dom, Dom, Dom, Regni Bohemias Statibus,
Submissime D.D.D. Antonius Viriherus.'
Page 120, the last in the book, concludes with the following tribute
to the worth of the author by the printer, with a playful allusion to his
' veiled name.'
Typographic! explicatio velati nominis.
Est Pragae natus, pietate et Pallade Pragae
Excultus, Sacroque nitens candore Sionis
Praesul, Heri atque Viri conjungens nomen et omen.
Liborius Wrissberg was a judge of the Court at Brunswick.
Born 1593, died in 1654. His funeral sermon was preached
from the text 2 Cor. iv. 16, 17, and the chronogram was written
for his epitaph. (Extracted from Zedler's Universal lexicon, lix.
678)-
bene VIXIt, obIIt nobILIs WrIsbergIVs, ) _ 6
haVt ergo eVM pLorate, seD Vos, posterI. J "" * ->4
i.e. Noble Wrisberg lived rightly \ he is dead, weep not therefore for
him, but for yourselves, O posterity.
borIVs Von WrIsberg 1st DahIn : \
Der toDt 1st seIn grosser geWIn : > s= 1654
traWret : nICht aber Vber Ihn. )
i.e. Boriusvon Wrisberg is gone hence ; Death is his greatest gain ; but
not over him.
Daniel Wulffer, theologian in Bohemia. The year of his
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 349
birth and his age when he died was marked by this distich. (Zedler,
lix. 786)—
os sVaDm, sophIe peCtVs qVI traDeret arDens, = 1617
VyLferVs, genIo non fIne natVs, obIt. = 68
Eusebies, Sophies, Suadaeque videatur in uno
Numina Wulfero, trina decore pari.
Sic facies veneranda sua sub imagine sistit
Theologumque Sophum Philosophumque pium.
Johann Christian Wolf, doctor of medicine, magistrate at
Zerbst in North Germany. His name and birth-land are united in this
1 symbol,' which was engraved on his monument (Zedler, lviii. 748) —
Iohannes fhristianus "f T Tolfius Qervesta A nhaltinus.
esus V^hristus VV eneratus Oalvandorum -txdvocatus.
Anagram.
Joannes Christianus Wolf, Medicinae Doct et Cons.
Per anagr.
Et aliis inserviendo consumtus, ach ! fato concedit.
ie.John Christian Wolf of Zerbst, in Anhalt.
Jesus Christ, the adored advocate of those that must be saved.
Anagram.
John Christian Wolf doctor of medicine and magistrate ;
In being serviceable to others, alas / he is weakened, and yields to fate.
The anagram is imperfect as to a letter n in the first, and a letter
/ in the second line.
The inscription also contained these chronogram dates of his birth
and death —
Johannes ChrIstIan WoLf, M.Dr. natVs serVestjE = 1673
Joh. ChrIst. WoLf, Dr. Denat. qVeDLInbVrg. = 1723
And lower down these, the last of some rhyming lines —
Und spricht, was auch der Neid nicht leugnen kann :
In DIeser kVhLen grVfft rVht eIn reCht kLVger Mann.= ^23
i.e. John Christian Wolf doctor of medicine, was born at Zerbst in 1673.
John Christian Wolf doctor, died at Quedlinburg in 1723.
Say what even Envy cannot deny, in this cold grave rests a right learned man.
Johann Meyer of Magdeburg, theologian and pastor, died
1 2th December 1563. His epitaph, written by Johann Pomeranius,
is as follows (from Zedler, xx. 1489) —
Johannes Meyer jacet hie sub mole sepultus,
Patria cui Celebris Parthenopyrga fuit.
Ossa quidem placide Johannis in aede quiescunt,
Vivit at in rutili spiritus arce poli.
ConCeDente Deo DVoDena In LVCe DeCeMbrIs = 3962
Iohannes MeIer fata profVnDa tVLIt. = 1563
55*5
i.e. John Meyer lies buried beneath this heavy structure, he to whom his
350 SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS,
country was a distinguished ' Virgiris tower.9 Indeed the bones of John
rest quietly in this churchy but his spirit lives in the citadel of the
shining heavens. God granting it, on the 1 2th day of December, John
Meyer submitted to his profound destiny. The word * Parthenopyrga'
is suggestive of the legend of Saint Barbara, who was shut up in a
tower by her father for ber protection, and that Meyer died on the
day assigned to her in the calendar; the days, however, do not
correspond, Her day is the 4th of December, Meyer's was the 12th.
The first chronogram line shows the years elapsed from the Creation
to the birth of Christ, 3962, according to one of the 140 different
dates given by chronologists for the Mundane era — (the one com-
monly adopted and used would make that year to be 4004 rc.) ; —
the second gives the year of our Lord 1563, the total gives the
Mundane era 5525 (or, as it would be commonly expressed, the year
5567), from the creation of the world to the death of Meyer.
Jacob von Franckenhausen Syboldus, pastor at Nord-
hausen, died in 1575 j his epitaph in St. Blasius' church (Zedler, xli.
534) commences —
Hie Jacobus ego constanti voce Syboldus
Dulcia consuevi verba docere Dei.
And concludes thus—
hIC fragILI IaCeo MentIs ratIone reLICtVs, )
et spes In soLo est sangVIne ChrIste tVo. J ^75
i.e. Here I, Jacob, was accustomed by steadfast voice to teach the sweet
words of God. — Here I lie forsaken by the perishable reason of mind,
and my hope is in thy blood alone, O Christ.
Cucheinollibeag. I possess an engraved portrait bearing this
name, obtained from a bookseller in Germany; it was probably
intended for a book illustration, though there is no indication what-
ever on it of such a purpose. The accompanying facsimile copy will
render description needless, I only require attention to the chrono-
grams engraved and printed beneath the portrait. It may be inferred
from the inscription around the frame that the person represented was
attached to an embassy from the Persian monarch to an emperor of
Germany, two of the chronograms give the date 1601 ; at this time
Rudolph, son of Maximilian 11., was emperor (1576-1612), and Abbas 1.
was king of Persia (1582-1628). The Turks possessed Hungary until
about 1 7 17, when, after many defeats, they retreated from the country.
The dates 141 6 and 15 17 may be those of Persian successes against
the Turks. I cannot explain the treaties mentioned, nor can I identify
the last date ; it is not, as might be supposed, the year of the Hegira
corresponding to 1601, which would be 10 10 instead of 1029. The
chronograms are in hexameter and pentameter verse, and I print them
here in the same type as all others are in these pages —
stratVrVs tVrCas beLLIs reX persa CeLebrIs, ) A
Cesar DIVe tVas hVnC per aDIVIt opeIs. / "" l0ox
CVCHEINOLLIBEAG MAGNI SOPHI PER-
' SAS.VM M.EC1S Lecationis Socivs.&c
Jtrat0Vs dfCdf kLLsh rcX fcrsa Cef^ebrk^
Gtrar DWe Fas $hC jtcr jfflVH tfds.
/^ *fir Mtgnts rogtffmls tefcc Ders perfih
^J etteCFMtFrCIs beLUCrVentxpsrst*
fartepoLl re CforyfoCHs n&s Cernere per sis *
LFntits feLtls &gMIn*ftr£t&tFoLeh
mnV&t S CwLl reX\ htCfeLcnnte Ferbn
tint ; DtV* c&Lse slnt ratafcrtofvL 0.
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 351
CjEsar Magne, rogat fortIs te fceDera perses, = 1 60 1
et teCVM tVrCIs beLLa CrVenta parat. = 141 6
FORTft poLI reCtor, soCIIs nos Cernere persIs, )
LVnatIs peLtIs agMIna strata, VoLet. j iS1'
ann Vat o CceLI reX ; hmC soLennIa Verba ) _
sInt: DeVs e CeLso sInt rata, ferto, poLo. J I029
i.e. The Persian king, celebrated in wars, being about to lay I07V the
Turks, approached them, O divine emperor, through thy means. O
great emperor, the brave Persian asks a treaty of thee, and with thee he
proposes bloody war against the Turks. Perchance the ruler of the sky
may wish thai we, with the Persian allies, may see the troops with the
crescent shields (the Turks) laid low. May the king of heaven be favour-
able to us, may these words be established, may God in the lofty sky
grant that they be ratified.
Francis iv. of France, Henry vm. of England, and Anne
the wife of Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and King of the Romans,
died in the same year —
franCIsCVs gaLLIs : henrICVs Ver6 brItannIs, )
roMano regI Chara qVoqVe VXor obIt. J XS47
Catharine, daughter of Francis, Duke of Liineburg, wife of
Henry c BLurggrafius' of Misnia, died, aged 17 —
VXor In hoC TERRiE tVMVLo katharIna qVIesCIt ) __ A
bVrggraVII, CVIVs spIrItVs astra CoLIt. [ - T5°5
Leopold William, Archduke of Austria : his epitaph, said to
be in the crypt of the Capucin church at Vienna, contains this date —
CoMpLeVIt DIes sVos = 1662
Vigesima Novembris.
Charles Joseph, Archduke of Austria: his epitaph contains
this date —
Illi Januarius, qui anni fores aperit,
vitas clausit
LInzJI DIe 27. noCtV sVb horaM. ii. = 1666
And at the church of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Cella (Zell?) in
Styria, where the heart of the same archduke was buried, as it seems,
according to his vow made whilst living, the epitaph commences —
' Sub hoc saxo jacet Magni Principis, parva portio cor/ — and con-
cludes with this line —
Cor Ioseph In ManV DeIpar^ spoNSiE reLInqVens. b 1664
Catharine de Medicis, widow of the king of France, having
been guilty of all sorts of murderous crimes, is supposed to have died
of poison — ' vel racerore et metu, vel quod alii suspicantur, veneno
hausto extinguitur '—
gaLLICa qVanDo seneX CasV CatharIna reCessIt,
tres parILI natos VIDIt honore frVI.
}= 1588
Annus
352 SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
Prince Henry of Bourbon and Condd, son of Henry of
Navarre — ' regis patruelis et fidus Jonathan dum quasi exul in castris
contra Ligistas moratur, a propria uxore per secretarium suum veneno
sustollitur ' (another case of poisoning) —
CoNDiEVs patrIa eIICItVr, CrassoqVe Veneno
CogItVr EGELIDiE fata sVbIre neCIs.
}- 1588
Frederick IT., king of Denmark, died, aged 54—
rege hInC abrepto frIDerICo DanIa LVget
VTX ILLI posthaC par habItVra CapVt.
}= iS88
Philip, Marquis of Baden, died at Baden at the prepara-
tion for his marriage with the daughter of William, Duke of Cleves —
MarChIo pertrIstIs sVbIIt sVa fata phILIppVs 1 ««
FVNERE, SIC LVCTV SORS SACRA LjBTA ROTAT. J 5
Krnest Bogislaus, Duke of Croy and Areschot, the thirty-
fourth and last bishop of Camin or Cammin in Pomerania, born 1620,
died 1684, aged 64 years. In a book (British Museum, press-mark
170. d. 20.) 'Pomerania diplomatic^ sive antiquitates Pomeraniae
ex Tabl. publicis et diplomat vetustis Scriniorum sacrorum et pro-
fanorum magnl curd in lucem protractis illustratse/ etc Francofdrti
ad Viadrum. 1707. 40. The author is Martin Rango. At page
127 it is related that the bishop occupied several positions of here-
ditary and acquired honour in his country, and we learn what opinions
he entertained of himself from the Latin inscription which he com-
posed and placed on his own tonib two years before he died, — the whole
would occupy too much space here ; it describes him, however, in
terms of deep humility, as the most miserable sinner, and the least
deserving of divine pity — nevertheless he is penitent and grateful so
far as in this life it is possible, and being mindful of death he built
the monumental tomb to himself in 1682, at the age of 62, in which
he hoped to rest undisturbed until the final resurrection. The
inscription concludes with these chronograms, composed probably
by some one else —
sIC tVa fata VIDes poMerIs, tIbI fata negarVnt. = 1620
a£2 Certa DVCes, stIrpIsqVe CaDIt nVnC sVrCVLVs ILLe. = 1684
ernestVs bogIsLaVs obIt kroIIana propago. = 64
Johann Ulrich was born at 'Cahla' in Germany, on 18th
February 1645, he became the parish priest, noted for learning and
virtues. In 17 19 his parishioners gave him a nuptial jubilee, and in
1726 when he was eighty-two years old and still performing some of
his duties, another festivity was held to do honour to this 'Herr
Senior.' The following 'votum eteostichon et onomastico-cabbalisti-
cum,' was made on the occasion by one of his friends —
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 353
VLrICVs re Mysta DeI, bIs fLoreat, opto ) _ 6
ET SANE SENIOR, Bis VlREATQVE BENE. ■ *'2
Ha, ha!
bene
70
Ac Dominus
= 427
J'annes
= 185
Ulricus
= 602
Floreat
= 262
Ore
= 180
1726
The usual key fits the above cabbala, thus —
ABCDEFGHI KLMNOPQ R ST U fc
13 34 5 6 7 8 g 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 zoo 200
i.e. May Ulrich, in reality a priest of the mysteries of God, flourish
twofold^ and I wish that the ' Senior' may grow vigorous twice soundly
and well.
Hdy ha I wel^ and I pray that Mr. John Ulrieh may flourish.
(Extracted from Zedler, xlix. 835.)
Heinrich Escher : a quarto volume contains the praises by
various writers, of this Swiss statesman (born 1626, died 17 10), who,
to judgg by the superlative epithets which grace the title-page, was
held in high estimation by the senate and citizens of the republic of
Zurich ; printed at Zurich in 1678, the chronograms indicate that year,
when Escher and Hirzel were elected as consuls. The book is without
pagination, and the only copy I know of belongs to the Rev. Walter
Begley. The title-page is as follows —
VOTA SYNCHARISTICA
Sacra Supretnis Honoribus
Viri Magnificentissimi, Nobilissimi, Amplissimi, Consultissimi,
Dn: Henrici -dEscheri,
Inelyta et Antiquissimce Reipublica JiguHnce
Dei T. O. M., auspiciis, concordibus totius Senatus Populique,
calculis, et conspirantibus bonorum omnium precibus,
votis, gratulationibus, Die xxii. Junii mdclxxviii. delecti
Consulis, Patriae Patris optimi.
Gentis Helvetica, Tigurina cumprimis delicii.
Proverb: ii. 7. Domus Justorum stabit.
Tiguri, Typis Davidis Gessneri mdclxxviii.
Passing over all but the chronograms, and their immediate sur-
roundings, we find on sheet c 3 a poem to Escher with this title —
VIro strenVIssIMo, prVDentI, pIo orbIs nostrI ConsVLI.= 1678
Henricus Escherus vivat !
Anagrammatice.
Unica Virtus haec res.
2 Y
354
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS.
The poem concludes with this couplet and subscription —
Hos Deus in Coelo Lauro Victrice coronet.
Vt sVaVIqVe poLo gaVDIa MILLe ferant ! =
gratVLatVr petrVs fVesLInVs In I =
teMpLo D. petrI pastor. J
we find ' Epigramma votivum ' addressed to Escher.
r
}-
}-
On sheet d
Anno quo-
esCherVs aC hIrzeLLIUs
In paCe bInI ConsULes
UnA regant MagnIfICI !
On sheet f a poem ends with this couplet —
fLoreat iEsCHERVs fceLICI ConsVL In Vrbe,
et nVMeret LiErfc seCVLa grata, rogo !
On the next page an epigram ends with —
jesCherVs ConsVL tIgVrIna VIVIt In Vrbe:
LVCeat hIC soL, DVX VIr, VaLeatqVe DIV.
In sheet f 3 a ' Dialogismus Votivus ' commences thus —
Heusl quis laetatur? Pietas> Rcspublica, paxque
Dum sua virtuti% praemia digna manent
Plausus an est tantus ? cur non sit tantus et ardens ?
sEscheridum magna, gloria prima dotnus
thVrICa sCeptra tenet ConsVL nVnC optIMVs heros, ) =
ac certk nostras spss ivbet esse ratas. j
The verses conclude with 'Chronicon Votivum quadruplex' —
1.
CVM sCeptro, prases, patrLe LVX, paXqVe perennes
sICqVe opto eX VotIs, Vt tVa CVnCta fLVant.
2.
VotVM est, fata aDsInt, paX et ConsILIa faVsta. =
3.
VItaM opto ConsVL, rogIto, 6 DeVs, annVe VotIs. =
4.
pVra fIDes, ConsVL Ml, te tegat, aVrea VIrtVs. =
In sheet g 2 a sonnet in French is preceded {inter alia) by this
chronogram couplet —
aLbano qV«stor CLaro LegatVs es aLMe,
postICo ConsVL fIs, patrLeqVe CapVt.
In sheet g 3 there are some short epigrams ; this is one —
In curis euros
Eteosticho ad multos annos.
eLeCtVs MerIt6 CVrator es VrbIs et orbIs,
In CVrIs CVras, ConsILIo, aVXILIo.
(The reason for this date is uncertain, it may mean a wish that
he should live for many years.)
On sheet l 2 a long German poem concludes with this subscrip-
tion—
}-
}-
}-
1678
1678
= 1678
1678
1678
1678
1678
1678
1678
1678
1678
1699
■ i
SOME DISTINGUISHED PERSONS. 355 $
Zurich, den 4 Christmondes, im Jahr
sVsser frIeDe trett aVf erD ! I r % '•■■&
aLLes LVstbar, eInIg VVerD! j - 1075 .^
Gerold Edlebach. ■!
In sheet n 3 an anagram on his name is followed by — i
eCCe ! jesCherVs Constans nostra est ConsVL In Vrbe; ) _ , g %
PRjEFECtVs, qVjESTOR, IaM PATER EST PATRIjE. J ~~ ' ' '\
In sheet 02a poem is concluded with this eteostichon — 1
fLoreat henrICVs tIgVrena ConsVL In Vrbe 1 6 g j
^sCherVs, DoneC Longa seneCta Data! J ' -**
On sheet o 3 this chronogram is at the conclusion of a poem — **
sIC VoVeo 6 ConsVL tIbI pLeno eX peCtorIs jEStV, > __ , „
sis ConsVL feLIX, A nVMIne et eXpeto, faXIt. J ~ I0y5
In sheet p 3 a long German poem concludes with this subscrip-
tion—
Im Jahr, da ein fromme Seel seufzet :
aCh herr IesV, DV treVer gott, ) _ 6 g
stanD DV Vns beI In aLer noth. j '
Joannes Freudweiller.
On the last page a poem concludes with this distich and subscrip-
tion—
Da DeVs, Vt PATRliE perVIVat sIDere ConsVL = 1678
feLICI, Vt VIDeat teMpora faVsta seneX. = 1678
Hisce Magnificentissimo Domino Consuli summos
gratatur honores et vitam longaevam adprecatur
devotus ejus cliens
Casp: Huberus, v . d . m .
\
NUPTIAL VERSES, FUNERAL ORATIONS,
AND COMPLIMENTARY POEMS.
HESE opposite subjects are frequently associated
together in one and the same volume, although
always printed independently in the form of tracts.
Collectors of such publications in times past have
done good service in preserving them by binding up
in volumes sometimes thirty or forty of the tracts, many consisting
of but a few pages, and likely to have been lost but for such careful
treatment Among the nations, the Germans especially were
accustomed to commemorate their friends by joyous or lugubrious
verses in Latin, and they frequently adorned and enlivened their
compositions by chronograms ; the reader will find many examples
at pages 309 to 317 of my former book on Chronograms^ and the
following pages contain those which have been obtained by subse-
quent research, including some of Hungarian and Dutch authorship.
A volume of tracts, ' Congratulatory and condolatory verses,' in the
British Museum Library (press-mark 11 60. h. 1. 1-39), quarto.
Tract No. 6 contains verses thus addressed to Johannes Stern of
Salfeld—
MagIstro IohannI stern, saLLfeLDensI. = 1654
And other verses to him conclude with this couplet —
VI Ve IgItVr, fLore CeDant tIbI sIngVLa faVsta, ) _ ,
et CerVI LatVs seCVLa prIsCa VIDe ! J "" I054
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC. 357
Tract No. 10 is a lamentation on the death of Fridericus Gloxinus
of Liibeck. Some verses conclude with this couplet, showing the
year, day, and month of his death, the 19th July 1655 —
Vt JVLII bIs qVIna DIes aC nona refVLget, ) _ ,
eXspIrans gLoXIn CceLICa teCta VIDet. J "~ I055
Tract No. 18 is in praise of Justus Kunneken of Hildesheim at
the University of Jena. Some verses conclude with —
Anno quo
LaVDe MagIstraLI ornatVs VeneratVr IVstVs
kVnnkenIVs, terrje gratVs honore sViE.
}= 1654
Tract No. 27 is a poetic congratulation on the marriage of
Antonius Straubelius and Anna Dorothea Deusch on 24th September
1657. Among other poetry, there is a set of acrostic verses on their
names, preceded by anagrams, also on the names. The last couplet
is this chronogram —
VIVant, Vernantes VIreant, VIgeant qVoqVe sponsI: ) =
sponsIs reXqVe sIon pIgnora Donet, aMen! J x"7
The tract concludes with this couplet —
gott geb* Ihn'n nestors Ihar, gVts, VVohLfart, gVte zeIt, 1
ehr, IVnge zWeIgLeI^ VnD zV Letzt DIe beste freVD I ] "" ' °'
The two foregoing chronograms are an example of the difficulties
which occur in the path of the chronogram-hunter. The intended
date is doubtless 1657 ; neither couplet agrees, one makes 1557, the
the other 1707, and both agree literally with the original print The
error rests with either the author or the printer. It is often possible
to correct a printer's error, but here I am unable to suggest the
needful correction, and I have wasted some time in trying to rectify
that of the author.
Nuptial poems addressed to Christopher Schellenberg, in a volume
belonging to the Rev. Walter Begley, having for its title, ' Christo-
phori Schellenbergii Annebergensis carminum nuptialium, libri duo.'
No date or pagination. The following chronograms occur —
Tempus nuptiarum.
ChrIstophoro ConIVnX sCheLnbergo VbI ContIgIt anna, ) _
LVX septeMbrIs IIt ter noVa bIsqVe qVater. J "39
/.*. When Anna became a wife to Christopher Schellenberg, the new light
of September had departed three and twice four times {on the 1 \th
September).
Near the end of the volume another marriage is thus noted ; the
chronogram is printed in capital letters all of one size, the date letters
are not specially distinguished as I print them—
Dimetron Tetrastichon, continens tempus nuptiarum, nobilis-
simorum et virtute ornatissimorum Henrici de Schleinitz Saddani,
Justinse Joannis de Ponica, F. Anno 1563. (Continued on next page.)
358 COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
LVX VICIes et seXIes oCtobrIs orbI hVIC )
fVLserat IVstIna DIgnos qVanDo se InIbat henrICI^= 1563
THOROS. j
> •♦- <
FUNERAL orations and dirges relating to persons of note in
Germany in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Eight
volumes of tracts (British Museum, press-mark 12301. dd. 1-8.),
labelled, * Orationes funebres et Epicedia illustrata.' A dull subject,
but in some respects interesting and curious, with an occasional pas-
sage of a cheerful character, such, for instance, as a marriage. I notice
those only which afford chronograms, and they are not numerous.
VoL ii. Tract 4. Parentalia reverendo viro D. Philippo Heil-
brunnero (Doctor of Theology) facta a Georgio Cleminio. Ulm, 161 6.
No pagination. Among a number of ' Carmina lugubria' concerning
this good man, Philip Heilbrunn, we find on sheet G, ' Eteostichon,
Annum mensem diem, quo ex h&c vit& decessit, eetatem etiam, et
mensem in se continens,'
Vt Vaga phryX eIs VbI It soL sIJDera brVtI, ) *
Mors rVpIt VItte fILa, phILIppe, tVje. J 7
Honoris et amoris ergb scripsit Nicolaus Kirchmair,
Monhemio Palatinus, Die 20 Aprilis Anno h,
Virginis partu
assere qV/eso tVos, ChrIste theanDre, ManV. = 1616
The first of these two chronograms is made up thus —
The year of his death is mentioned as . . .1616
In April the fourth month 4
The seventeenth day of the month . . . . 17
His age is mentioned in the following doleful sentence
as nearly 70, say 69
1706
The title-page mentions of him: — 'Qui xvii. Aprilis calendarii
novi, anno Christi mdcxvi. annos prope septuaginta natus, ex hac
misera et calamitosd, vita in beatam illam et sempiteraa laetitia afflu-
entem cbramigravit' Observe the unusual spelling of the word
'sidera* ('sydera'), here printed in the manner occasionally seen in
Continental books ; the letters I J = 2 are necessary to the chronogram.
VoL iii. contains a song of mourning for the death of iEgidius
Hunnius in 1603. ' Threnologia de vita, rebus gestis et tristissimo
simul ac beatissimo obitu iEgidii Hunnii' (doctor of theology at
Witteburg). Autore Leonharto Huttero. Witteburg, 1604. At
page 50 an elegy concludes with this
Etcootixov.
hAC IaCet egIDIVs CLarIs VIr DotIbVs aVCtVs
hVnnIVs In terrA, Cetera saXo refert.
I s 1603
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC. 359
VoL vi Tract 2. On the life, occupations, and death of Martin
Chemnitz. ' Oratio de vitit studiis et obitu reverendi . . . Martini
Chemnitii doctoris theologfe . . . Autore Joanne Gasmero.' Printed
at Chemnitz (?) 1588. On the last page is this
ET€OOTtX0^»
preCo fIDeLIs obIt ChrIstI heI gottfrIDVs, Vt aLtVs \ = «
LanIgerI peCorIs CynthIVs astra qVatIt. J ** '
This relates to Jacobus Godfridus, a notable man at Chemnitz.
Tract 3. 'De vit& et morte Casparis WildiL' Tubingen, 1584.
The last page contains the following chronogram and acrostic verses —
Distichon.
Containing the place, year, month, and day of his death.
seXta DIes febrVI fVLgebat In aXe CorVsCo, I _ ft
In tVbIa eXtInCtVs WILDIVs Vrbe IaCet. J " I5*4
Epitaphium ejusdem.
Hac jacet exi JVI i u s c o n t eOtus Wildius V rn4
I n c 1 y t A quern • vit A fama sVperstes habet
Gonsiliis maCjrnis DucibuS qui profult almis
In . prim I s Patri, D u x Ludovice, tuo.
Aspexit mioeros mAnsueto corL/e benignus,
Canden 1 i cunctis pectolve Iustus erat.
Ex totoque DrLum col Vit conamine cvjus,
1 andem sed meivitb, bydera bumma colit.
Majores liters h«c verba continent
Hie iacet magister Casparvs Wildivs.
The distich chronogram.
i.e. The sixth day of February arose in the gleaming sky, {when)
Wildius lies dead at the city of Tubingen.
His epitaph.
The renowned Wildius lies hidden in this tomb — he whom splendid
fame regards as a survivor in life — he who was of service to great Dukes
by his genial counsels — and chiefly to thy fattier^ O Duke Lewis. — The
kind man regarded the unhappy ones with a tender heart, — he was just
to all with the warmest feeling. — He served God to his utmost endea-
vour; at last, and deservedly, he dwells in the highest stars (in heaven).
The large letters compose these words —
Hie jacet Magister Casparus Wildius.
i.e. Here lies Master Caspar Wild.
Vol. vii. A tract, among others, on the death of John Rudolph
Westen, doctor of theology. Basle, 1685. At page 80 is an elegy,
'Planctus super obitu pife in Domino defuncti patrui;' with some
verses, which are followed by these lines to his uncle and his
wife(?)_
360 COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
Lectissirao conjugum pari.
eX Voto Vos Vna DIes ConIVnXIt aM antes. (**#****.) = 1643
LVXIt et eXtInCtos hebDoMas Vna sIbI. £££0/*.) = 1684
Scilicet unaniraes qui tot vixistis in annos,
Vultis et fleterni pace, simulque frui.
i.e. To the most choice married couple.
Ye loving ones, one day joined you by a vow. So one week shone
on them extinguished. Certainly as ye lived in harmony for many years,
so ye would desire to enjoy eternal peace together.
(The first chronogram line gives the year of their marriage, the
second that of their death.)
Tract 7. The title is briefly as follows — ' Lacrymae Lectianse, seu
de • . . principis Friderici Mauriti Anhaltini vita et obitu . . • oratio
Jac Lecti ... 17 kaL Nov. 1610 . . . in academia Genevensi. —
Soteropoli Anhaltinorum,
Anno Verbi in carne exhibiti
sors prInCIpIs In ManV prjepotentIs DeI est.' = 16 11
There are many odes and elegies on the premature death of the
prince; the first, at page 31, consists of ten lines, commencing, 'Da
veniam generose puer,' the last line ending with ' veniam da generose
puer,1 and signed * Iacobus Lectius.' Another elegy addresses him
as * Floscule,' and ' Fortunate puer,' all treating him as a boy. The
colophon is
SOTEROPOLI
jypis Ddrferianis
ANNO
sors hoDIe MIhI; Cras VenIet tIbL = 161 1
Tract 12. ' Facula nuptialis.'
Boni ominis ergo
ex debito Amore, Honore accensa.
Ratisponae 1658.
(On the marriage of Rochus Roselius, a man of high family
at Nuremberg, with Catherine Kerscher, daughter of a distinguished
person at Ratisbon.) The title-page is full of compliment and
adulation, and the tract is filled with poems and epithalamia by
various writers. That one, numbered xiv., consists of ten pages of
verse, with a 'Labyrinth-square,' which seems to be incorrectly
printed, and obscure as to meaning ; it consists of fifteen lines, with
a large letter S in the centre, from which the reading is to commence
with the word ' Sic* It is signed and dated thus —
Haec Nobilissimis Sponsis Patronis aeternura
Venerandis humillimfe obtulit
Devotissimus cliens
In Nuptialibus gaudiis.
MaII qVarta DIes apparet soLe beato, \ _ , g
SPONSE SERENE SONA, SPONSA SERENA CAPE. J ^
COMPLIMENTAR Y POEMS, ETC. 36 1
Tract 15 is to the memory of John Wolffgang Grunewald, a
distinguished man at Ratisbon, who died of a severe illness, * gravis-
simo morbo oppressus naturae debitum reddidisset/ 18 kal. Dec.
1684. Among several pages of verse is this
Eteostichon lugubre.
eheV IaM nobIs Letho sVrreptVs aCerbo ) _ 6g
DefensorqVe potens eXIIt orbe pater ! / I 4
i.e. Alas now, snatched away from us by bitter death, a father and
a strong defender has departed from the world.
Vol viii. Tract 7, on the death of Lewis vi., Duke of Bavaria and
Elector Palatine, 'Epicedia in obitum ... Ludovici s. r. i. archida-
piferi et Electoris . . . Ducis Bavariae . . . Qui pie placideque ex
hie vit& decessit, anno salutis 1583, 4 Idibus Octobris. — Heidelberg,
1S&3- ('•*• I2*h October.) Conscripta a diversis authoribus,, etc.
Distichon continens symbolum et annum obitus ejusdem.
Then follow six of the chronograms, which are given in my
book Chronograms (published in 1882), page 125, but in somewhat
different order. Then on another page of tract No. 7 is the follow-
ing—
Distichon annum, mensem, et diem, quibus illustrissimus Elector
humanis rebus exemptus est, comprehendens,
oCtobrIs bIs seXta DIes VbI fVLserat orbI, ) = «
CceLestI, eLeCtor, seDe, reCeptVs, obIIt. / * 3
1 Aliud aetatis annum continens.' (Not a chronogram, but giving his
age as forty-four years.)
Ter denos quatuorque annos, duo lustraque postquam
Corapl6ras, superos, Dux Lvdovice petis.
Le. A distich containing the year and day in which the most illustrious
Elector was relieved from human affairs,
When the twice sixth day of October shone in the world, the Elector
died, being received at the celestial throne.
Another distich containing his age (not a chronogram). Three times
ten years and four, and two lustrums furthermore, thou, O Duke Lewis,
didst complete, and thou seekest the higher regions (heaven). His age
is thus made forty-four years. He was born in 1539, and he died in
1583.
Tract 6. An oration on the funeral of Leonard Engelhart of
Tubingen. ' Martini Crusii . . . oratio . . . de vit& clarissimi et
doctissimi viri Leonhardi Engelharti pronunciata xv. Aprilis,
cid . idc . in. (Tubingen, 1603.) On page 48 is
Carmen
Annum mensem et diem mortis complectens
ter seX et qVInos aVgVstVs abegerat ortVs: ) __ ,
engeLharte seneX, fata geMenDa sVbIs. ] l °2
i.e. A verse including the year, month, and day of his death. — August
2 z
362 COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
had driven away twice six and five sunrises, when thou, O aged Engel-
hart, dost undergo thy lamentable fate (or, in plain words, he died on the
17th August 1602).
VoL i, tracts from 1560 to 1605. ) r™,,^ An _„* ^„t„:„ „„„
Vol * „ „ 1633 to 1768. \TYlT do not contain ™*
??&?¥¥wwww?
A curious and rare book in my possession, printed at Pesth in
jr\ Hungary, in the year 1818 (8°, pp. 130), consists of 218
short Latin poems or complimentary verses addressed to persons
living at that time, by Emericus Danits, ex-Regius-Professor at the
University of Pesth. The poems are in hexameter and pentameter
metre, and each contains one or more of those verses in chronogram.
The collection was privately printed by the professor, for distribution
among his friends, and it is noticeable as a late instance of the prac-
tice of writing chronograms. A copy of the work is very seldom to be
met with even in the land of its production. The poems contain
317 chronograms; the subjects, however, are not of any special
interest, and a few extracts will suffice to show their general
character.
The title-page is very simple. It contains only these words
ChronostICa
eX-professorIs regII ^ = 181 7
eMerICI DanIts.J
Pesthini,
Typis Joannis Thomae Trattner.
1818.
}-
On the back of the title-page, the author addresses Zoilus, a name
that may be taken to mean a real or supposed critic of the work. The
actual Zoilus flourished about b.c. 400.
\
aVCtor
PRO . Q
^IbeLLo sVo f = l8x7
aD zoILVM.
Zoile ! Quod voto ; si forsan quaeris acumen ;
non sVbsCrIbo tVo; Da VenIaM : hoC Careo. = 181 7
Candida vota sinu niveo comprensa videbis;
naM bene sInCerVs CanDor aCVta fVgIt. = 181 7
In Latiis numeris ut presens prodeat annus :
hoC fVerat NosTRiE CaLLIopes stVDIVM. = 181 7
risra
m
COMPLIMENTAR Y POEMS, ETC. 363
The work is dedicated to Ferdinand 1., Emperor of Austria and
King of Hungary, in a poem of sixteen lines, of which two are
chronograms. After this, some verses follow, at page 4, addressed to .
the Archduke Joseph on 18th of April —
Gloria Apostolici, Pro-Rex celsissime, Regni ;
DeLICLe hVngarICI (stIrpIs aMor) popVLI ! = 181 7
Ortu festivae, dulcis Patria excita, lucis,
gaVDIa De pVro CorDe reVeCta Can It. = 181 7
Dant tibi turba toga, dant vota sagoque Verendi,
His neCtas, QViEso, qVm saCra MVsa DICat. = 1817
Prospera ssecula agas ; agat et lectissima Princeps,
haeC CeLsI geMInant: orDo, statVs popVLVs ! = 181 7
It is explained in a note to the seventh line, that Divine Providence
ruled otherwise. Hermina, the wife of the Archduke, having given
birth to twins, 'mascula et femella,' died at Buda on the 4th
September.
•
Verses at page 19, to Emericus Kelemen, a learned professor of
science, and a legal functionary at Pesth, 5th November —
Doctrina Juris Patrii, celeberrime Doctor,
qVm DICat hoC festo, sVsCIpe, MVsa rogo. = 181 7
Concedat, doctos post lustra per octo labores,
fLoreat InCoLVMIs Vestra seneCta, DeVs ! = 181 7
Haec tibi votorum, niveo de pectore, gratus
offert, ter CLaro MVnera DIsCIpVLVs! == 181 7
Verses, at page 64, to Georgius Bertalan, a most deserving clergy-
man, * pro transmisso 1 Sept melioris note vino.' (For having sent
some rare good wine to the author) —
Largiris munus, quo non mihi gratius ullum ;
aDDItVs est baCCho DIWs apoLLo bene! = 1817
Hoc lassa ad versus animatur munere vena,
IsthoC De saCro Metra LIqVore fLVVnt! = 181 7
Grates cum voto capias pro munere : Baccho
gVtta CaDos pVro MILLe, preCor, trIbVat! = 181 7
Verses, at page 68, to Joannes Nepomuk Horvath, 'Ordin.
Cisterciens: presbyter, in Gymnasio Quinque-EccL II. Humanit:
professor,' 18th June. He succeeded the author in the professor's
chair at Pesth University.
Et mea, Successor, pro festa luce, docendi
Horvath, officio suscipe voto pia.
Di ! te florentem per prospera secula servent,
Sintque tibi faciles in tua vota, precor !
Hoc avet e niveo tibi pectore cultor Amicus,
hoC aVet orDo saCer; MVsaqVe; reLLIgIo! = 1817
364 COMPLIMENTAR Y POEMS, ETC.
Verses, at page 74, to John Nepomuk1 Hainer, 'Comitis Antonii
Battyin Frumentarius,' 15 th June —
Gaudeo ! Festa dies nitido splendescit ab axe,
Hainer, Patroni, Nepomucene, tui !
Tu, Conjux ; soboles, per secula vivite faustd,
te preCor, et CrcesVM DeXterItas faCIat! = 181 7
Verses, at page 76, to Paul Cs£nk, professor, on his marriage —
Christi lege tibi, Csink, jungitur innuba Virgo,
Ut consors vitae, Paule sit ilia tuae. %
Candida Consortes capiatis vota novelli,
Quae vobis praesens lecta corona litat.
feLICes nVMerate DIes per seCVLa! Vestra = 181 7
Et, si fuerit binorum corpore in uno
Unum velle pium ; mens, amor atque labor !
Verses, at page 82, to Joseph Holbling, who suffered very often
from pains in his throat and stomach. ('Sodales apothecarius,
gutturis et stomachi doloribus saepius laborans.') xiv. Kal. Aprilis —
Tercentis sexaginta post quidque diebus,
Patroni, Holbling, sol festa tui revehit
Gratulor ! hancque tibi per prospera secla, Josephe
Ut revehat lucem laetus Apollo, precor !
Insuper opto : tuae longae vitae, juvenile
aCCeDat robVr gVttVrIs et stoMaChI !2 = 181 7
Verses, at page 85, to Vilhelm IU&sy, ' auditor * in the School of
Philosophy at Pesth University, 30th July —
Praeterito tibi pro festo quae Musa vovebat,
ILLa etIaM nVnC Dat peCtore Vota sVo! = 18 17
Verses, at page 89, to the Baron John Nepomuk B&sdn, who, at
the age of eight years, was placed under the care of the author for his
education —
Parvule, Blzsdn ! quern formandum suscipio, sis
faC, qVonDaM Vt PATRl-ffi gLorIa CeLsa tVje! = 181 7
Numina, cum tenerae aetatis flore, ingenua ars, et
Dent, CresCat VIrtVs, nepoMVCene, pIa! = 181 7
Te, Deus, hunc formem, Vires, pro Principe regno
ConCeDe, eXoro, Corporis atqVe anIMaI = 1817
Page 10 1 is a separate title-page to a supplementary part of the
work, in these words —
1 John Nepomuk as a Christian name occurs frequently among the author's friends. The
name John Baptist also occurs.
1 The only instance known to me, of a- chronogram alluding to these important portions
of the human body.
r
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC. 365
ChronostICa VotIVa \
PROFESSOR Is > = 1 8 1 6
eMerICI DanIts. )
The verses, etc., are very much of the same character as those
which are comprised in the preceding part of the work.
Verses, at page 104, to Valentin Vizer, a clergyman, 'Cath.
Ecclesiae quinque-Eccles. Canonicus, Literatorum Maecenas,' 17th
March —
Festa Valentini, Maecenas, reddit Olympo
Phoebus ; cultoris suscipe vota tuL
VIVe DIV VegetVs saCratje reLLIgIonI ! I _ c a
VIVe etIaM feLIX artIbVs IngenVIs. / ~" IttID
Verses, at page 123, to Francis Nagy, a newly-made clergyman,
* in ecclesia FF. Miseric primitias celebrans,' consisting only of these
two chronogram lines —
prIMItIas, franCIsCe, tVas DesIgnat hIC annVs, = 1716
In CVnCtos sternat MVnera saCra graDVs. = 1716
Primitiae is a service indicated by that name in the Roman
Catholic Church. Other usual meanings are the first-fruits of the
year that were offered to the gods, — die first year's profits of a
benefice.
The last set of verses, at p. 124, is as follows —
Epitaphium
Leopoldinae, natse Nikl, Antonii Torok, Spani Ligethiensis, consortis.
Pallida membra, Torok, Leopoldinae, genitore
Nikl, prognatae, contegit iste lapis.
Praecoce sublatae fato, lugensque, lubensque,
Consorti conjux haec monumenta locat
IsthIC sIta est
LeopoLDIna torok
genItorIbVs nIkL
progenIta
obIIt >= 1816
qVarta septeMbrIs
anno ^etatIs XXVII
serVatorIs nostrI ;
sVppVta.
uc. Here is placed Leopoldina THrok, born of the family of Nikl. She
died on the 4th September in the year of our Saviour; count it up /
•^3t^tlfe^t^t^^^3t^^^
366 COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
A tract, probably a very rare one (folio), belonging to the Rev.
Walter Begley, published at Tyrnau in Hungary, has a very
conspicuous title-page, entirely in chronogram; it is a remarkable
example, and therefore I give on the opposite page a facsimile of it
It may be read plainly as follows, in sentences, showing the date 17 14
ten times repeated. The stars to be observed in the original are used
to separate the chronograms. After such a beginning it is singular
that the tract contains no other chronograms —
PALMA jETATIs QVATERNiE RELIgIonI, CAESAR I, PATRl* AC
LIterIs ConseCrat^e, pannonLe fLoresCens, (seu) = 17 14
eXCeLLentIssIMVs generaLIs beLLICVs, prjeCLarIs VIr-
tVtIs, et1 strenWs Vera reLIgIonIs propVgnator, =
stabILe pLe fIDeI fVLCrVM, = 17 14
GesarI, reLIgIonI, patrLe, DeVota fIDeLItatIs IDea, = 17 14
LVNATiE gLorIosIssIMVs DebeLLator gentIs, = 1 7 14
CoMes stephanVs koharI h/ereDItarIVs In Csabragh, = 17 14
Lmto patrIa pLaVsV VtILItatI pVbLIGe VotIs seCVnDIs
eLeCtVs IVDeX CVrLe, = 17 14
reCVrrente annVa sanCtI stephanI protoMartYros2 DIe= 17 14
a DeVotIssIMa sIbI et pIa CaLLIope nItrIensI = 17 14
Ipso nataLI DIe MetrICe saLVtatVs. = 17 14
The construction of this title-page is somewhat intricate, a quality
not unusual in Latin compositions of this character, and here it may
be attributed to the exigency of the chronogram. This translation
follows as closely as possible the arrangement of the original —
The Palm of the quaternian age consecrated to the Emperor, to the
Country, and to Learning, beginning to blossom in Pannonia {Hungary).
In other words — The most excellent warlike general, the strenuous cham-
pion of eminent virtue and of true religion, the well-established support
of pious faith, the devoted representative of fidelity to the Emperor,
to Religion, and to his Country, the most glorious opponent of the
crescent-bearing nation [the Turks'], hereditary Count Stephen Kohari
of Csabragh ; by the joyful approbation of the country, by the wishes of
those favourable to the common weal, chosen Judge of the Court, on the
recurring annual day of St. Stephen the protomartyr, is metrically
saluted by the pious, and to him the most devoted Calliope of Neustra,
on his own natal day. (This mention of Calliope the muse of heroic
poetry, must be taken to mean that she represents the poetic talent of
the University or Academy of Neustra.)
Then follows a prose Latin address to the illustrious Count
Kohari by the college of Pious Scholars of Neustra (in Hungary).
1 The first word aC in the seventh line of the original title-page is, no doubt, the
author's error for et, because the chronogram as it stands makes the date 18 10. The two
words are convenient alternatives where 100 more or less is wanted, and here the author has
used the wrong word to express the conjunction and. I have altered it in the above place
to XT. There is still an error, which maybe corrected by reading the word seu as sxv, but \
that brings the chronogram to 1715.
• The letter Y counts as II = 2. j
-*£_
r
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC. 367
paLMa #tatIs qYaternje
*iLTg1on1, Cesar I, patrLe, aC LIterIs ComseCratjt,
PANNONliE fLoREsCeNS*
S EU
eXCeLLentIssIMVs generaLIs beLLICVs,
prjeCLarIs VIrtWIs,
aC stremVVs Veme *eLIgIonIs propVgmatos*
siabILe pLe fIDeI fVLCrVM*
GesarI, reLIgIonI, patrI^e, DeVota
fIDeLTtatIs IDea*
LVnat^e gLorIosJssIMVs
DebeLLator gentIs^
CoMes stephanVs kohar]
HjEReDItArIVs In CsABRAGJ^
Leto patrIe pLaVsV
VtILItatI pVbLIOe
VotIs seCVnDIs eLeCtVs
IVDeX CVrLE.
reCVrrente annVa sanCtI stephanI
proto-MartYros DIe*
DeVotIssIMa sIbI et pIa
CaLLIope nItrIensL
Ipso ka?aLI Die
MetrICe sALVtatVs*
ZVKNAVUE Xypss Acaaetmoii pet Gcofgium Andrewi Jtode*
368
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
Next follows an applause or salutation to him arranged in a series of
four poems (12 pages) in Latin hexameter verse, in groups under the
titles of the four ages, as alluded to in the title-page. I. ' ^Etas aurea
Minervae sacra/ in the classic style. II. 'iEtas argentea religioni
consecrata,' in a metaphorically religious style. III. 'iEtas aenea
Gradivo dicata,' in the heroic and warlike style. IV. '^Etas ferrea
Caesari et patriae immolata,' relating to Kohari and his patron, the
reigning Emperor of Germany and sovereign of Hungary.
Then follows an hexameter acrostic in 158 lines, formed on this
sentence —
Excellentissimvs ac illustrissimvs Dominvs Comes
Stephanvs Cohari de Csabrag regni Hvngariae meritis-
simvs ivdex cvriae scholarvm piarvm fvndator gratio-
sissimvs vivat Deo et patriae.
i.e. The most excellent and illustrious Lord, Count Stephen Cohari of
Csabrag, of the kingdom of Hungary, the most deserving judge of the
Court, the most gracious founder of the pious scholars, may he live to
God and his country.
This acrostic has nothing to do with chronograms (as is some-
times the case), there is however an occasional companionship between
the two sorts of composition ; but apart from such considerations this
one deserves special notice because it is the longest I have ever met
with during many years of research ; I have given some examples of
what I once thought were long, in Chronograms, pp. 320, 322. This
one consists of 158 alliterative lines. The title to it may be thus
translated — A birthday applause drawn out in a poem with every word
acrostically significant. It is as follows —
APPLAUSUS NATALIS
CARMINE CEPHALONOMASTICO
DEDUCTUS.
*Exhilirans
Eos
Exurgat
Et extulit
Errans
Xiphia,
Xantippo,
Xerxi,
Xilocinnama
Xanthus
Conduplicet,
Concinna
Charis
Clypeata
Curuli
Excubet
Exultans,
Excelsas
Exprimat
Echo
Laudes,
Laurigeras
Lauros
Lunetque,
Litetque
Luna,
Leoninis
Late
Lassata
Lacertis.
Extolle
Eximios
ErTectus
Ensis, et
Effer
Nomina
Navifrago
Nunquam
Nigrore
Notanda
Terpsichore,
Triplicante
Tono
Tripudia
Terris
Ingemines :
Illustre
Iubar pia
Iubila
lunge
Suaviloquo
Stephano ;
Supremo
Subdita
Soli
Sidera,
Siderese
Syncere
Serta
Salutis
Implorent :
Immune
Iovis,
Iustumque
Iuvamen
MagniRco
Mentis
Marti
Mea Musa
Minis tros
* These stars are not in the original, they are added to mark the commencement of the
acrostic words.
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
369
Votorum
Versus
Variat,
Sexcentos
Soles,
Sexcentaque
*Aulas
Angelicas
Aspiret,
Cor Comitis !
Coeli
Charam
*Interitum
Infaustum
Ignores
Lernam, et
Lethales
Laqueos
Linquas,
Lucrosam
Luctam
Vitator
Vitii
Vanse
Submisse,
Suavis
Sacrarum
Terrebris
Tuto
Tutamine
Robora,
Retribuet,
Reddet,
Iustitise
Iustus
Iudex, et
Substituet
Stabiles
Soles
Suaviloquum
Sermone;
Solum,
Intrepidfe
Invictara,
Iusto de
Miratur
Moles :
Morum,
Virtutem,
Vero
Vitam
Suspicit, et
Stephano
Sociat sacra
*Deliciis
Divum,
Duplici
Omnibus
Officiis,
Optatus
Munera
Metrorum,
Mansueta
Inspicias :
Iusto,
Iugique
Nomine,
Nestoreis
Numeris
Virtus;
Veridico
Volitabunt
Sicque sacro
Stephani
Statuent in
♦Ccelicolum
Celebrande
Choris,
Ornande,
Omnigenos
Oris
Mittens ;
Miranda
Mens
Exhibet
Eloquia ;
Enat, et
Scyllis,
Sydereae
Semper
♦Stephane
Supremi
Solis
Turcarum
Tragicus
Terror,
Emporia,
Empireis
Ensis te
Perge pias
Pietate
Pari
Hostes
Horribiles,
Hydrarum
Ausus :
Austeras
Auras a te
Naufragio
Nectat,
Nunquam tua
Velet! sed
Velet
Virtus
Stephani, et in
Superum
Securam
♦Concedat
Comiti !
Clangens io t
Ocyus
Optatis
Occentibus
Hasretici anne
Horretis
Herum? hie
Auferet
Altivolos
Ausus,
Retrudet
Rictus
Reboantum
Inferi, et
Intrepide
Imperium
*Daemona
Debella :
Dabitur
Exulta!
Eludas
Erebum
*Crimine.
Clarificant
Claros
Variando
Saecula
Adoret,
Celebretque
Illustris
Libramine
Lege lance
Vacuusque
Stella
Tensa
Rectumque
Iubilus
Sine nube
Stellisque
lure,
Mentisque
Vegetante
Signa
Diademate
Ocellus
Mente
Iuvabere
Nova nomina
Vincula
Sydere
Croceaque
Orientis
Majestate,
Ex effraenis
Sociata
Spectabile
Tranquilla
Extollet
Plantare
Hebetabit
Aureus
Nomina
Vigilantia
Sede
Curia
Ornet
Herculis
Armatus
Robora
Impugnabit
Defensio
Exemplaris et
Certamina
3A
Videndos
Spondet.
Ametque
Cohortem.
Iniquam
Lbgis
Laboris.
Voluptae,
Scholarum
Thyestis
Rependet
Ingens
Serenos.
Superba
Iuventam
Modestae
Vigore
Salutis.
Dignus
Olympi,
Meorum
Iesu
Nectet
Versu,
Stemma.
Coroim
Odores
Modesta
Erynnis
SalutL
Sydus :
Tenebis
Ephcebis.
Palaestras!
Hiantum
Aether
Naeons
Vultum
Salutem
Coeli
Ovantem.
Hyllus
Apollo
Regum
Inundans.
Divum:
Expers
Campos,
37°
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
Stephane
Sanguineis
Scenis quos
Saepe
Sacrabas,
Antevolans
Alios,
Armorum
Accommodus Arti:
Belliducem
Bellona
Boans, per
Bella
Beate
Regantem in
Regno
Resonat,
Radiisque
Rosarum
Ambit, et
Ante actos
Annos
Acclinis
Amoenat
Gratia,
Gaudentis,
Generosae
Gloria
Gentis
*Resplende in
Regno!
Rutila! e
Regnoque
Repelle
Ecclesiae
Exogos
Elegos, regno
> Exulet
Error!
Grandisona,
Generosa
Geris, de
Gente
Gehennae
Nescito
Noctes !
Natum tua
Nomina
Numen
Inserat
Imperio !
Iustis te
Iungat
Iesus i
•Herculeos ex
Hoste
Habeas
Herois
Honores :
Vultus
Vafritiae
Vafros
Victurus
Vlysses,
Nestoreis
Numeris
Numera nova
Nomina
Nestor.
Gaudenti es
Genio
Generis
Gangetica
Gemma,
Accelerans
Alacres
Animos, in
Adonidis
Arma:
Rite refer
Rosea, et
Recreantia
Rite
Reporta
Iudicis
Illicia :
Involvas
Inimicus
Iniquos
iErumnis
iEquis ;
iEternas
iEtheris
iEdes
*Magnanimus
Martis
Miles, cum
Munere
Martis
Expugnes, et
Emas,
Epulis
Epulandus
Egentum
Res
Regni
Rectae
Restaura
Relligionis
Impulsu
Indociles,
Ignaros
Instrue :
Inermes:
Tart areas
Technas
Temnas,
Teneasque
Triumphos.
Insidias,
Inimicus
Iners,
Immo
Insidiator
Solifugus,
Stephani
Sternitque
Struitque
Saluti ;
Sedes at
Superae
Sanctum
Servantque
Sonantque.
Inter io 1
Ioviale
Iubar, jubar
Inclyta
Iuno
Marte movet
Merito
Marti
Monumenta
Ministrat
Virtutum ;
Versu
Volitante
. Vigetque
Viretque
Strenuitas
Stephani
Superis
Sociata,
Sacrata.
*Iustus
Iniquorum
Iudex es,
Iupiter
In te
Veridica
Virtute
Viget,
Veneranda
Videndo
Dona deum.
Dilecte
Deo!
Diadema
Ducale
Eripe, et
Extensos
Ellops
Exhorreat
Enses
Xanthoi
Xerxis ;
Xenia, et
Xilobalsama
Xanthi
*Contribuant :
Charitates,
Coelestia
Castra,
Chorique
Voce
Verecunda
Vegeto,
Virtute
Venusto,
Rectori
Regni,
Recinant,
Roseumque
Repingant
Iudicis
Intuitum,
Immortalis,et
: Inclytus
Ibis
iEmulus
iEtati
iEnseae super
iEquoris
i£stus ;
*Stellegeris
Superum
Scenis
Super aethra
Stuporem
Causabis:
Charitum,
Comes es,
Charissima
Cura.
Hungarian
Haereticos .
Hostes hie
Hectoris
Haeres
Omnes
Occiduas
Orbos,
0! mittatad
Oras
Lucti sonis
Laribus
Laetum
Laetare
Locetque
Aut animis
Abolens
Astus
Adducat in
Astra!
Reptile
Respicias
Regnum,
Refractu
Reforma
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
37i
Vitupera
Vanos,
Virtute
Viriliter
Vrge.
Mundus
Miretur,
Mirentur
Marmora
Mille
*Prseclarum
Pugilem,
Pentheum
Pectore
Purum.
Invidus
Ixion
Inferna
Immugiat
Ira
Altivolis
Altas
Alis
Ascendit ad
Axesen
Regni,
Ritfe regens,
Regnum sub
Rege
Reflorens
Vngariae, cui
Vera
Vovet
Victoria :
Vivat !
Menses
Millenos
Mundique
Marisque
Monarcha.
♦Fundator
Flore I
Florae
Florente
Favore
Virginis! haec
Vitae
Variet
Velamine
Vultum !
Nubi ferusque ;
Necis
Nigror nee
Nobile
Nomen
Dedecoret,
Dilecte
Diis,
Dilecte
Duci que
Astriaco :
Augustos
AUGUSTI
Accendis
Amores.
Tentabit
Trux terra
Tuos
Tumulare
Triumphos
Ortus
Olympiads
Oris
Offundis
Odorem,
Rectis, quem
Reddunt
Radiis
Refracta
Roseta.
*Gestit in his
Gentis
Genius,
Gentemque
Gementem
Recreat, et
Rectos
Refovet,
Repletque
Relictos ;
Angelicis
Actis velut
Aia
Ascendit
Ad astra.
Translatus
Tandem e
Terra haud
Terrestre
Tenebis
Imperii,
Immortalis,
Iter: nam
Iudice
Iusto
Oblectans, et
Ovans,
Oleis
Opulentus
Olympus
Suscipiet
Stephanum;
Solium
Solisque
Supremi
Immortale
Iubar
Iunget
Iovis inclyta
Iuno
Syderei,
Supera
Securam in
Sede
Salutem
Servabit,
Superi
Stephano
Solatia
Spargent
Iustitiae
Invigila
Iustfe esto
Iustus,
Iniquis
Mansuete
Miti
Medicari
Mente
Memento
Vir
Virtute vire !
Virtus
Viridaria
Vitae
Stellate,
Stabilis
Solidae
Sacro-sancta
Subibit.
*Vota
Vovent
Vitam
Vivi virtute
Virentem
Illustri
Indigetis,
Iustoque
Iuvamine
Iesu
Virtutis
Verae
Viti
Vegetante
Vigore
Anguinee
Astutos
Ausus
Ardoris
Aviti
Tolle
Triumphales
Taedas
Teneasque
Trophaea.
*Dulcea
Delicias
Divilrn
Diadema
Decorum
Excipias,
Electus
Eas ex
Extera
Eremo
Oras
Occiduas,
Orientesque
Orbis
Obibis
*Eximio
Eloquio :
Ecclypsim
Evitabis
Edacem
Te titulosque
Tuos;
Transnabis
Tramite
Tuto
*Pugnantis
Pelagi
Per
Prasstigiosa
Pertcla
Affluat
Agnatis
Animans
Augustus
Ab austris
Titan !
Tutamen
Tribuat
Tutela
Tonantis !
Resplendens
Radius
Redolens
Rosa rite
Reflore !
Innocuos
Inter,
Iustosque :
Intrabis
In almi
iEtheris
iEternas
AD
iEdes,
MAJOREM
iEquissimus
^Eson.
DEI GLORIAM.
And thus ends this curious work.
372 COMPLIMENTAR Y POEMS, E TC.
THE following song (jocose poem) was transcribed from the
original in the Royal Library at Brussels (press-mark 25007. a.)
by the Rev. Walter Begley. It is the only example I have met with
of extended chronogram verses in the Dutch (or Flemish) language.
It may be described as a song in celebration of some auspicious
events in the life of Mr. Billoen, having regard especially to his con-
servative tendencies in favour of what are called aristocrats. The
auspicious events might have been his appointment to a legal post of '
significance, such as being chosen as a deputy to one or other body.
Perhaps the history of Louvain or its university might be of assistance.
In 1792 and 1793 the agitations of the revolution spread to Belgium,
and in the church of St. Peter at Louvain some representative men
for the Council of Louvain, or the revolutionary Parliament, were
chosen in opposition to other movements. (Mr. Van Stralen of the
British Museum Library has kindly suggested the foregoing explana-
tion. A full translation is obviously undesirable.)
aen phILIppVs engeLbertVs VanbILLoen ) _
VerMaerDen en VerheVen Wetz-Leeraer j 793
GEZAIVG.
Lair de V impresario, ou le director
dans Vembarras.
(The letter y counts as 11=2, and w counts as w=io, in the
chronograms.)
In onz tYDen
Van VerbLYDen
kreYgen WY hIer nIeV We VreVgt
toen geLeertheIt / x'93
geen VerkeertheIt
WortgeCroont Voor Waere DeVgt.
kWaeDe Leeren
zVLLen keeren
heeL een rYk ook In rVIen
beter zeden / '793
konnen steDen
eeVWIg *t peYs-groen Laeten zIen.
trotsIgheDen
nIeVWIgheDen
zYn LeIts-baen tot tYrannIe
grYse Wetten
zVLLen setten
gront aen D' arIstoCratIe.
WILt nV pLeIten
zonDer speIten
LanDes reCht Is nIet bILLoen.
Voor ons reChten
Leert V VeChten
onze kLeIne Van bILLoen.
>= 1793
>= 1793
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
373
EEN BORT-LEKKER
MaL Wetz-gekker
KAN NV IN ZYN PAUVRETfe
pLatter gekken
poDeX Lekken
't Is In zYne LIbert^.
>= 1793
VIVat LoVen
goD Van boVen
WeYzt ons beter Meesters aen.
nV goen reChten
en kerks echten
hangen het ovt hekken aen.
►= *793
PEETER MANNEN
LIgt IP KANNEN
HlER PAST* ER EEN TEVGSKEN OP :
Laet V kee?Len
nIet VerVee'Len
vult ip pens tot aen den krop.
>= 1793
Ander gezang.
Van bILLoen Doet zegenpr«Len
onze UnIVersIteIt
Laeten WY nU kroonen haeLen
Van een theMIs eernst bereIt.
= 1793
nV Is ons Den Dag VersChe^nen
Van een kLaer en heLDer zon
Voort booszWIgten, goet Verhe£nen
zegt LP Les In t> pantheon.
= 1793
Toe Maetje.
geLVk aen D' UnIVersIteYt
ge heYLIgt Door haer kIezen
op zVLk gekIez pazt geenen neYt
VoLDaen Is haer VerLIezen.
ix Julii
Tot Loven. by P. Corbeels, Boekdrukker.
= 1793
374 COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
A small 4° tract, consisting of eight pages, in my possession,
begins thus —
OPGEDRAEGEN AEN DEN PATER
VAN D'ALEXIAENEN,
BROEDER
Op zynen Naam-dag den 19 Maerte
als men sckreef :
WIe WILt Dat VVeL sChenken? I
broeDer engeLbertUs De brUYne. j 794
Then follow 142 rhyming lines with these chronograms at the end,
all in the Dutch, or Flemish, language —
JAER^SGHRDCnr.
VVeet U DIt gegeVen Wort Dootr
De CeLLebroers, gezeYt }>= 1794
aLeXIaenen.
(■
ANDER JASRB8GltfRDFT.
Want Leest UYt naeM Van aL
DIe WeL WILLen.
h
1794
DODDBL JABR-SGHRDCnr. \]9\
Is UYtgeMaekt In VYf MenUten, *
WonDer VeeL MoeYte.
This tract, without title-page, date, or imprint, is a congratulation
in verse to a Dutch gentleman on his election into a certain brother-
hood I am indebted to* Mr. Van Stralen of the British Museum
Library for the following translations of the chronograms, etc. —
Dedicated to the Pater of the AUxiancn Brother J, Zemmens, on his
name-day, March 19th, when people wrote;
Who is willing to present this ?
Brother Engelbertus de Bruyne.
Know that this is given by the ' Ccllebrothers ' called
Alexianen.
For read in the name of all that wish well.
It has been made in five minutes.
Wonderfully much trouble.
A doubt has been suggested as to the intention of the writer of
the last line of the chronograms. The literal translation is given ; but
COMPLIMENTARY POEMS, ETC.
by substituting for the Dutch word ' wonder ' the word ' zonder,' the
English translation would be, ' without much trouble/ and so, perhaps,
nearer the mark. However this may be, the substitution would spoil
the chronogram, by making it ten years less than the required date.
The word is right as it stands, if taken ironically. The whole poem
would probably be a very poor affair if turned into English. The
letters y count as 11=2 in the chronograms.
375
MISCELLANEOUS CHRONOGRAMS
CONCERNING EUROPEAN WARS.
I HIS chapter contains some miscellaneous chronograms
which do not conveniently fall within any other group in
the present volume. They commemorate persons, places,
and events of a very disturbed period of European
history, such as the siege of Vienna and the city of Vienna
itself, the Thirty Years' War, the fortress of Temesvar in Hungary,
etc. etc These chronograms, and the poetry in Latin which usually
accompanies them in the original print, are exceedingly curious,
while they illustrate and adorn many passages of history that were
of intense interest to the inhabitants of the countries affected by the
events.
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
A curious volume in my possession, containing 112 pages of
J\ Latin laudatory poems and verses, addressed to the various
notable personages from Pope Innocent xi. and the Emperor
Leopold l downwards, who were connected with raising the siege of
Vienna * and the subsequent expulsion of the Turks from Hungary ;
followed by vituperative verses about the Turks themselves and
others, from the Sultan downwards. Chronograms accompany the
poems and verses. Some are laudatory, and some descriptive of
circumstances, and all make the date 1688, which was probably the
1 See also my former book on Chronogratns, pp. 130-132.
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 377
date of the book. The siege of Vienna was in 1683, and the
conquests over the Turks in Hungary took place mostly in 1688.
There are 156 chronograms scattered through the poems. I have
made some extracts from the text to afford occasional needful
explanations of them. The title-page is missing, as also whatever
may have preceded page 3. I do not know of any other copy of the
volume, and it is difficult to discover any, in the absence of the title-
page, and without any knowledge of the author's name or place of
publication. All the chronograms are contained in the following
extracts : —
At page 3 a laudatory poem to the Pope Innocent the Eleventh
has this title —
InnoCentIVs XI.
De
RESTlTVTO iNTEGRfe FERfe ET PLENfe , 6gg
pannonLe totIVs * x
REGNO
BENE MERlTVs.
i.e. Innocent the Eleventh, well deserving for the restoration of the
kingdom of all Pannonia {Hungary) almost entirely and completely.
The poem is in thirty hexameter and pentameter lines, addressed
to the Pope as the vehement promoter of the war, by which, with the
assistance of Poland and .Venice, the Turks were expelled from the
territories of the empire of Germany, except a very small part
('parvula pars ') of Pannonia. It is followed by these chronograms —
taLIs VtIqVe In speM IntereVntIs VngarL® Debebat
CrearI pontIfeX. = 1688
qVI pannonI^ et ChrIstIanIs aVXILIator fIeret aDVersVs
otoMannos. as 1688
beLLVa Ver£ InsatIabILIs In eXterMInanDo k terrIs
IVrato sVo hoste. = 1688
Iol per DeI gratIaM VIVat gLorIosVs pontIfeX Inno-
CentIVs. = 1688
The next poem is addressed to the Emperor Leopold 1. He is
encouraged to cast away all fear and resume the look of Caesar
(emperor) ; and is reminded that a comet with an exceedingly long
tail first appeared on Saint Stephen's day to the city of Vienna, and
betokened the success which happened on the same day in 1683, when
the Turks abandoned the siege of Vienna. The title is —
LeopoLD Vs I. aVgVstVs feLIX trIVMphator. = 1688
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
LeopoLD Vs aVstrIVs VIVat atqVe In jeternVM fLoreat. = 1688
DeVs VIrgo et angeLI pVgnant pro roMano Cssare. qVIs
hostIs In orbe aVsVs erIt eI resIstere? = 1688
aqVILa teste prophetIA r. patrIs strIDonII s. I. sVpra
LVnaM eXaLtabItVr. = 1688
3B
378 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
The next poem is addressed to John Sobieski, king of Poland,
who rendered the most effective assistance to secure the success of
the war. His numerous warlike exploits are enumerated, particularly
those against the Turks. The title is —
Ioannes tertIVs DeI gratIa InVICtIssIMVs reX poLonVs.= 1688
The poem is followed by this chronogram —
VIenna aVstrLb aD eXtreMa VenIens, A Ioanne rege
poLonLe gLorIose fVIt LIberata. = 1688
The next poem, a long one of about 270 lines, is to the Venetian
republic, magnifying their historical greatness, and the naval exploits
in the war under the leadership of Morosini. The title is —
regIa atqVe aVgVsta VenetIarVM respVbLICa fceDerTs
InItI pars tertIa. = 1688
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
respVbLICa Veneta InsIgnIs et perennans roMana fIDeI
est et fVIt propVgnatrIX. = 1688
MVrVs seDIs apostoLICjE qVo In Integra eVrop,* regIone
non InVenItVr fortIor. = 1688
tVrCarVM DeI protegentIs et IVVantIs gratIa egregIa
profLIgatrIX = 1688
ab honorIo papa ChrIstIanIssIM^; tItVLo ornata, qVIa
reLICtIs et spretIs hjeresIbVs ab Vna et Vera eCCLesIa
non reCessIt. = 1688
qVm a. pIo seCVnDo In pLeno ConsIstorIo In G^terIs
IsthoC habVIt eLogII beneDICtI sInt fILII nostrI
VenetL as 1688
pergIte o ! proCeres atqVe trIVMphatores VenetI InsIstere
hIs LaVDIbVs VestrIs. = 1688
Integre eJICIantVr et eXstIrpentVr eX MoreA InfIDeLes
barbarI. = 1688
InnoCentIVs XL trIVMphI VestrI spe pLenVs ID petIt. = 1688
opposIta qVoqVe CanDIa, e JVgI sVI rIgore aD Vos et
PRjESIDIa Vestra anheLat. = 1688
Vestra, o VenetI erIt Ista InsVLa, qVID noXIas Moras
neCtItIt. bs 1688
DeVs eXerCItVVM prjeLIatVr pro VenetIs. = 1688
et LargItVr IpsIs robVr et VIres aDVersVs hostes saCrI
noMInIs IesV. = 1688
tVrCa fVrIt, VenetI pVgnant, LIga trIna trIVMphat : \ = 6gg
aD stygIas properat porta orIentIs aqVas. j "~ *
The next poem is addressed to one of the allied potentates in the
war against the Turks, Maximilian Henry, Duke of Bavaria, Arch-
bishop and Elector of Cologne, who, as a rare example among the
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 379
German princes, supplied at his own cost 6000 troops, and maintained
them for six months. Both to him and to the ' Bavarian Lion ' (the
national symbol) a large measure of praise is accorded. The title is —
aVXILIares CopliE VbIo-boIae DeVastato A barbarIs
pannonLe regno sVBMIsSiE. = 1688
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
nIhIL In terra Deo et sVperIs est gratIVs qVAM si In
tVrCas pVgnaVerIs. = 1688
Leo VbIo-baVarVs In pannonI^ fInIbVs IrrVgIIt et CorDa
otoManna paVebant. = 1688
fortIs DeXtera IesV In nobIs feCIt VIrtVteM atqVe
pr«LIata est pro nobIs. = 1688
CVIVs DIVIno noMInI perpetVVs sIt honos atqVe perennIs
gLorIa. = 1688
qVIsqVIs In noMIne IesV, hostI iNTREPlDfe se opposVerIt,
Is gLorIosI: VInCIt. = 1688
propVgnaCVLVM aDVersVs Infestos et JVratos hostes
JesV. = 1688
est IngenVIs spIrItIbVs honorabILe gentIbVs et.InfIDeLIbVs
terrIbILe noMen IesV. = 1688
aD sVaVe noMen JesV IpsI seraphInI atqVe CherVbIn
JVbILant. = 1688
Ipse Ver6 LVCIfer et nIgrI tenebrarVM spIrItVs aD
Inferos profVgI abeVnt. = x688
The next poem is addressed to Maximilian-Emanuel, Duke of
Bavaria, Prince-Elector, etc., who was one of the allied potentates in
the war, and is greatly extolled for his military prowess against the
Turks. The title is—
noVVs pannonIae eManVeL DVX boIarICVs. = 1688
The poem is followed by the symbolic letters aeiou, which are
used as the initials1 of the alliterative words which compose eighteen
hexameters in honour of Maximilian ; and also by these chronograms —
seCVnDa septeMbrIs fortI baVarI LeonIs ope et opera
Vrbs VngarL« totIVs spes hostI fVIt erepta. (old style) = 1688
baVarorVM arDens VIrtVs est, fVIt et erIt InVInCIbILIs.= 1688
DeVs saLVs est et proteCtIo totIVs baVarIjE qVos IgItVr
Ipsa tIMebIt? = 1688
DVX eManVeL noVIt pVgnare parIter et VInCere. = 1688
DVX eManVeL Inter reLIqVos saLVator est VIenn^. = 1688
PANNONIjE VTRlVSQVE DEFENSOR ET tVrCarVM FROFLlGATOR
EST BAVARVS. sb 1688
1 For explanations of these letters refer to the index to Chronograms^ and the index to
this volume.
380 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
The next poem is to John-George, Duke of Saxony, Elector, and
Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, who joined in the war ' for the
Cross, for Christ, and for the dear Emperor.' The tide is —
lOANNES GEORGlVS SaXonVM DVX ET ELECTOR, etc. S.R.I.P. = 1688
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
pars Magna VIennje ab hostIbVs eLIberat,* et IngentIs
VICtorLb De barbarIs reportatjE sVnt saXones. = 1688
Vis VnIta nostrI eXerCItVs Ingens InfIDeLIVM est
STRAGES. = 1688
si antehaC IMperII prInCIpes fVIssent ConIVnCtIores,
TVRCiE ConstantInopoLI non fVIssent egressVrI. = 1688
■«♦«
The next poem is to Frederic, Duke of Brandenburg, whose soldiers
slew many Turks at Buda, and other places in Hungary. The title is —
sVppetIae et aVXILIa branDenbVrgICa pannonLe MorIentIs
VIta. = 1688
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
frIDerICe noVerIs te In oMnI VItA tVA, haVt gLorIosIVs
pVgnasse. = 1688
bVDa qVoD sIt ChrIstIana tVje DebetVr gLorIa, honorI
ET EGREGliE VIrtVtI. = l688
ne trIsterIs aVt DoLeas propter eos qVI eX Isto agMIne
tVo In pannonIa sVnt GesI. = 1688
Mors pIa qVm Contra InfIDeLes bestIas sVbItVr est potIVs
reqVIes et VIta. = 1688
eXpressa et absoLVta IMago et fIgVra InsIgnIs atqVe
egregII DVCIs. as 1688
> m%m <
The next poem is to Charles the Fifth, Duke of Lorraine, General
('supremus dux et archi-strategus^ of the Imperial forces; he is
represented as a distinguished leaaer in Hungary. The title is not
chronogrammatic ; the poem is followed by these chronograms —
0 1 saLVs atqVe Defensor CbsarIs nostrI, o ! VrbIVM
eXpVgnator ! = 1688
DVX CaroLe tV noWs PANNONliE fIs goDefrIDVs. = 1688
per repetItas tVas aDoreas k prope InfInItIs sVIs MIserIIs
et InfortVnIIs eLVCtata est aVstrIa. = 1688
feLICIter In pannonIa pVgnas et pVgnastI hostesqVe
VbIqVe DetrIVMphastI. = 1688
01 resoLVte DVX, Vis noVIsse reI CaVsaM? = 1688
DeVs et angeLI IpsIVs teCVM pVgnant et pVgnaVerVnt. = 1688
♦'•*»
The next poem is to Francis Morosini, the Venetian High
Admiral, who commanded the fleet in various successful expeditions
against the Turks. The title is —
ARCHlTHALASSVs VENETVs DEO FAVENTE GRAjVGENiE MOREiE
SVBjVGATOR. ss 1688
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 381
The poem is followed by these chronograms —
MorosInI faVstVs graII peLoponesI DebeLLator VIVat et
Venetos terrIs et regnIs aVgere pergat. = 1688
VIrI generosI senIVM ConVertatVr In DIes et annos
JVVenILes. = 1 688
tVrCas ante obItVM eX abLata InsVLa Creta feLICIter
aC penItVs eIICIat. = !688
The next poems are to the 'two young lions ' of Neuburg-Palatine.
And first to Louis-Antony, Duke of Juliers, Cleves and Montes, Prince
of the Holy Roman Empire, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order,
General of the Legion of Infantry, Chief of Artillery in the Imperial
army against the Turks. It is preceded by this title —
DVo IVnIores Leones neobVrgo-paLatInI, pannonIaM
rVgItIbVs sVIs repLentes. = 1688
The first poem is followed by these chronograms —
LVDoICVs antonIVs DeI gratIA DVX In terrIs sIne pIne
PERENNET. = 1688
et LeonIs paLatInI More aDVersVs JUratores sVos hostes
VIrILIter pVgnare non absIstat. = 1688
et ante ne DesInat qVAM gLorIos& eos VICerIt et k
FlNlBVf PANNONliE EXTRVSERlT. = 1688
qVI tIbI DeDIt VoLVIsse, DabIt qVoqVe Vt possIs
perfICere. = 1688
The second of the poems to the ' two young lions ' is to Charles
Philip, Count-Palatine of the Rhine, * Supremus Vigiliarum Magister,
Legionis equestris, etc' It is preceded by this title —
Leo aLter neobVrgo-paLatInVs prIorIs frater, et Ipse
HORRENDk VbIqVe per VngarIaM IrrVgIens. = 1688
The poem commences thus, indicating him as the fourth among
seven brothers, whose names are given in a note —
' Carole, qui septem stas quartus in ordine fratrum,
Quos peperit serife non variante parens.
De te quid dicam?' etc. etc.
The poetic narrative occupies seventy-two lines, and concludes
with these chronograms —
karoLe tV es gaVDIVM atqVe eXspeCtatIo Vna parentIs.= 1688
DIVIna et IngentIa gratIarVM fLVenta In te penItVs
ConVenIVnt. bs 1688
taLIa taM granDIa si IVVenIs agIs? qVje qVmso perfICIes
seneX? = 1688
beneDICat ol DVX egregI£ tIbI et stIrpI tV^: neobVrgo-
paLatIna ab astrIs DeVs. = 1688
♦■♦'»
A set of poems now follows, relating to the commanding officers
of the Imperial forces ; they are individually numbered, named, and
382 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
extolled The poems bear this introductory title, and they are all
followed by a chronogram —
InseqVVntVr sVpreMI De eXerCItV generaLes. = 1688
I. — Hermannus 'Marchio Badensiss. r. 1. Princeps/
militiae Caesareae archistrategus, * gubernator Javariniensis,' etc.
PROPVGNACVLVM PANNONliE ET AVSTRliE FORTlS DEFENSlO EST
Vrbs JaVarInIensIs. = iSSS
II. — iEneas 'comes Caprara.' He is compared to the
iEneas in Virgil, ' Alter es iEneas bello metuendus.'
eXerCItVs etsI parVVs, trIVMphat qVanDo Leo priest. =5 1688
III. — Caspar Zdencko 'comes Capliers.' Archistrategus.
He served at the defence of Vienna.
fIDeLItas et VIta In qVIbVsVIs DVCIbVs Debent Ire
PARES. = l688
IV. — Comes de Waldeck, < modo s. r. l Princeps.' Archi-.
strategus. ' Miles veteranus, aviti sanguinis, expertus praelia, Martis
amor.1
feLIX atqVe fortVnata fIeret In terrIs gerManIa, si
STARET iNTEGRfe VnItA PRO sVo LEOPOLDo. = 1 688
V. — Ernestus Rudiger 'comes de Starrenberg/ who
was in command in defence of besieged Vienna.
Nisi VrbeM CVstoDIerIent sVperI, frVstrje VIgILatVr
In ea. = 1688
VI. — Joannes Valentinus 'comes Schultz/ commander-
in-chief of cavalry.
nobILItateM non generIs honos, non proaVI, non sangVIs,
seD Vna VIrtVs effICIt. (Sic ; it makes only) =x 1683
VII. — Ludov. Wilhelmus Marchio Badensis, s. r. 1.
Princeps, commander-in-chief of cavalry.
eXIMIIs VIrtVtIbVs Ingens aC rarIor DebetVr gLorIa. = 1688
VIII. — Goltzius, general of the Saxon forces. The poem
represents that his name is derived from ' gold/ but his body and hand
are like iron ; with other similar playful applications of the words
* aurum ' and ' ferrum.'
In grabatIs, atqVe tabernIs DIffICVLter aVrVM re-
perItVr. (Sic; it makes only) == 1681
IX; — Joannes Carolus comes Palphi, general of the legion
wearing scale-armour, ' Legionis cataphractae dux.'
DVX egregIVs A faCtIs, non VerbIs LaVDanDVs est. = 1688
X. — Fridericus Sigismundus comes de Scherffenberg.
The poem commences with these lines, which help to explain the
chronogram —
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC 383
Una Corona tuo Friderice stat aurea scuto :
Debetur meritis trina Corona tuis.
non CoronabItVr, Nisi Is, qVI pro Vero Deo sVo LEGlrlMfe
pVgnaVerIt. = 1688
XL — Petrus ErnestUS Baro de Mercy, ' Legionis desultorise
dux.9 He was killed in battle. This line occurs in the poem —
Heu ! Baro de Mercy, generosi militis icoa
o ! VERfe gLorIosa et gratIosa Mors qVm aDVersVs tVrCas
sVbItVr ! = 1688
XII. — Comes de Dunnewald, supremus campi mareschalli
locum-tenens. The poem concludes with these four lines —
Immortals ducis nomen in orbe geris.
vlpera si forsan se misceat invida, ride,
LlVOR virtuti gestit adesse comes.
InVIDIa et jbMVLatIo InterItVs est bonI eXerCItVs* = 1688
i.e. Envy and jealousy are the destruction of a good army.
XIII. — Carolus Ludovicus comes de Souches, supremus
campi mareschalli locum-tenens. The poem commences —
Carole magnanimi proles genuina parentis :
A patre vix gradiens ductus ad arma puer.
And concludes with these lines leading to the chronogram —
Qui vidisse patrem cupit, is te Carole cernatj:
Te qui conspiciet, conspicit ille patrem.
VIta atqVe gaVDIVM bonI parentis est fILIVs VICtorLe. = 1688
XIV. — Dux de Croy ; he was conspicuous in battle.
generosVs anIMVs regnI VnIVs angVstIIs se CLaVDI non
sInIt. = 1688
XV. — Franciscus comes Taffius. The poem alludes to
his armour-wearing regiment and to himself in these words —
Ferreus es, ferro praecingeris, omnia ferrum
Membra tegit, etc
. . . neque pondera sentis ;
Gloria quern portat, pondera nescit amor.
qVI gLorLe stIMVLo qVanDoqVe non pVngItVr, nIhIL
bonI tentabIt. = 1688
i.e. He who is not sometimes affected by the incitement of glory \ will
try for nothing that is good.
XVI. — Franciscus comes Gondola. 'Ductor legionis
cataphractae' (the armour-wearing regiment). The poem is a play
upon the pronunciation of his name ; it commences —
Num Francisce velis Gondola aut Gondola did ?
In ConsILIIs sVIs tarDVs, festInans In operIbVs Debet
esse DVX. =1688
384 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
XV 1 1 . — Georgius Fridericus Wurtenbergae dux,
* Supremus vigiliarum magister.'
IgnIs atqVe generosI VIrI anIMVs InCLVDI neqVeVnt. = 1688
XVIII. — Comes Rabatta, Supremus vigiliarum praefectus,
et belli commissarius.
PRjECeLLeNTIS ET BONl DVCIs EST SERlO PROSPlCERE NE
eXerCItVs Laboret penVrIA et DefeCtV panIs. es 1688*
XIX. — Comes Carrafa, a general commanding in Hungary.
DVX hostI InVIgILans est pars Magna InseqVentIs
VICtorLb. =* 1688
XX. — Donatus Heusler Eques imperii, 'Legionis cata-
phractae dux/ The poem is a play on his name, and concludes thus —
Donandus titulo nobiliore manes.
neC ConfertVr DIgnItas VeL honor sIne Labore pr^VIo : ) 6gg
neC VICtorIa reportatVr absqVe pr*CeDentI prjbLIo. J
XXI. — Carolus, Liber Baro de Thlingen, 'supremus
vigiliarum magister.' The poem is a playful allusion to the one-eyed
Argus, and to the vigilance of this officer with his one eye as being
greater than he had previously exercised with two.
qVIs sVb LVna In hoC MVnDo eX Integro est beatVs. = 1688
XXII. — Joannes Adamus von Schoningh, a Branden-
burg officer. The poem concludes with this play upon his name —
Pulcher es ore, genis, oculis, cognomine, gestis,
Conveniunt rebus nomina nonne suis ?
pVLChrItVDo Vera hoMInIs In terrIs non est; nIsI Vna
VIrtVs. = 1688
XXIII . — Comes de S tyrum, * supremus vigiliarum
magister.'
neC CoLVMbje proCreantVr ab aqVILIs, neC CerVVs aVt
oVIs A Leone. « 1688
XXIV. — Melchior Leopoldus, Baro de Beck, supremus
vigiliarum praefectus, commendans Budanus.
prjeCIpVa bonI MILItIs VIrtVs est JVrata atqVe serVata
fIDes. = J688
XXV. — Leopoldus Philippus, Princeps MontecucolL
In DebILI et eXangVI Corpore s^pk spIrItVs et anIMa
aVgVsta habItat. = 1688
XXVI. — Marchio Piccolomini, supremus vigiliarum prae-
fectus, etc The poem commences —
Nomina tefarvum faciunt; statura sed altum
Corpore, et excelsum te probat esse virum.
Mentitur nomen, virtus heroica parvum
Nil in te patitur, magnus es, alta petis, etc. etc.
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 385
eXCeLsa atqVe InsIgnIs anIMa InDIes sVpra se qV^rIt et
gestIt assVrgere. = 1688
XXVI I. — Princeps de Commercy, a distinguished officer,
a French volunteer. The poem mentions that he captured a flag
which was stained with Scythian, and his own blood, thus —
Quando Mohazenses stagnabant sanguine campi,
Commercy tectus qu£ rogo veste fuit ?
Vexillum Scythico proprio quoque sanguine tinctum
Vestis erat ; poterat rarior anne dari ?
VeXILLVM qVoD hostI erIpIs, VestIs est gratIosa parIter
et gLorIosa. = 1688
XXVIII. — Comes Sereni, of high rank in the Bavarian
army. He was probably of small stature. The poem says of him,
'Parva apis immani plus elephanti facit'
aLeXanDer Corpore eXIgVo gestIs et operIbVs MagnVs
ERAT. = 1688
i.e. An Alexander being small in body, but he was great in acts and
works.
XXIX. — Comes de la Fontaine, of high rank in the
Bavarian army.
VIrI MartIaLes rar6 In terrIs VIsI sVnt perVenIsse VsqVe
aD Canos. = 1688
XXX. — Rummel, an officer of rank in the Bavarian army
who was killed in battle at Buda. The poem says of him —
Alter es h Bavarisf quem tibi noverca fefellit,
Atque ad funestum mortis adegit iter.
Budanam quatiens magnis conatibus arcem,
Dum, ducis officium quod jubet, omne facis,
Heu ! cadis, et summo luctu cecidisse doleris ;
Tantus erat famae rumor amorque tuae.
Pro patria pugnare quidem reor esse decorum :
Sed puto, pro Christo pulchrius esse, mori.
VERfe Is MartvrIo propInqWs est qVIsqVIs pro JesV gLorIA
CaDIt. = 1688
XXXI. — Comes d'Aspremont, an officer of high rank in
the Bavarian infantry. The poem alludes to Rummel (in the preced-
ing poem No. xxx.) in these words —
Rummelio quod amara decus fortuna negavit,
Ut de Budana pelleret arce Scythas.
Id tibi concessit fuit haec tua gloria, primo
Inter tarn varios assiliisse loco, etc. etc
fortVna In DIVersIs VarIat: VnI benIgna Mater, aLterI
Ver5 fIt noVerCa. = 1688
3C
386 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
XXXII. — Baro de Steinaw, a brave officer of high rank
in the Bavarian army. ,
VtI phcebVs Inter nVbes, Ita generosVs anIMVs In
perICVLIs se ostenDIt. = 1688
XXXII I. — Swartius, an officer of rank in command of the
6000 troops supplied by Maximilian-Henry, Archbishop of Cologne,
as mentioned at page 378, ante. The poem is a play on his name,
which signifies * black,' and concludes with this chronogram —
faVens et propItIa Dea fortVna sVaVe est VehICVLVM.= 1688
At page 81 commences a poem in hexameter and pentameter
verse about the other officers of the imperial army who were killed in
the war. The first eight lines mention them by name, and the two
following lines accord this compliment to the group —
Ingentes heroum animae, fortissima divftm
Progenies, "belli fulmina, martis honor.
This is the title to the poem —
reLIqVI De eXerCItV ChrIstIano-GesareI generaLes
DVCes atqVe offICIaLes. = 1688
And at the conclusion there are these four chronograms —
qVotqVot In pannonIA Contra barbarVM gLorIos& parIter
et ChrIstIan^ oCCVbV£re, reqVIesCant In paCe. = 1688
at IstI qVI In VIta Mans£re, hI pergant aLaCrIter
pVgnare aDVersVs hostes IVratos. = 1688
qVIa fILII Ir* non poterVnt resIstere Deo fortI
eXerCItVVM. = 1688
qVI pVgnat et pVgnaVIt pro faMVLo LeopoLDo, pIo,
aVgVsto. = 1 688
At page 83 commences a series of seventeen poems to the principal
officers who fought by land and sea with the Venetians, each one con-
cluding with a chronogram. The title to the series is —
DVCes atqVe InsIgnIores generaLes sVb Veneto terrA
MarIqVe propItIIs astrIs pVgnantes. = 1688
I. — Otto Wilhelmus comes Koningsmarckius, a
Swedish officer, governor of Pomerania, etc., a Venetian commander —
MartIaLI CorDI et VIro generoso VIX VnVs orbIs satIs
erIt. — !688
II. — Maximilianus Wilhelmus, the young Duke of Bruns-
wick, etc., commander of 2000 Liineburg soldiers.
ab aDoLesCentIa sVa orDIrI Debet, qVI generosVs VIr
fIerI eXpetIs. s- I6gg
r
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 387
III. — Comes S. Polo, generalis militiae Venetse. He was
aged, but went to battle as a young man (' juveni par praelia misces ')•
DebILIs et InfIrMa seneCtVs sVas qVoqVe VIres obtInet,
QVils HOSTES possIt frangere. = 1688
IV. — Prior Brancaccio, director of the Pontifical and Maltese
galleys (* Triremium director,' etc).
qVoDVIs seCVLVM assVeVIt noVos progIgnere heroas. = 1688
V. — Mala Spina, praenobilis eques, leader of the 'galleys of
the church * under Brancaccio. The poem throughout is a play on
his evil-sounding name, ' an evil thorn.' The first line is —
Non mal^ ; sed benfe, vir pugnax, Mala Spina, vocaris, etc. etc.
The chronogram re-echoes the allusions —
non est MaLa spIna qVje rosas VIrentes, ne DIrIpIantVr,
protegIt : hostes Ver6 pVngIt et saVCIat. = 1688
•
VI. — Comes Strasoldo, formerly in the Imperial army in
Hungary, afterwards General of the Venetians in the Peloponnesian
War. The poem concludes thus —
Trans mare portavit te gloria, quodque negavit
Ungarus, id Regio dat tibi Graia decus.
qVjb fortVna hoMInI Confert, LIVor aVt InVIDIa non
sVrrIpIet. = 1688
VII. — Hannibal, Baron de Degenfeldt, formerly in the
Bavarian army, and then a General in that of the Venetians in the
Morea against the Turks.
pro Vno aDVersVs VnVM fortIter prjeLIantIbVs Vna est
Corona. = 1688
VIII. — Molino, Captain-general of the Venetian fleet.
VenetIarVM saLVs et paX perItI sVnt DVCes. = 1688
IX. — Jacomo Cornaro, a naval officer of high rank. The
poem is a play on his name, 'cornua Lunse/ etc., alluding somewhat
obscurely to two places of which he was the governor.
DVo CornVa orIentIs LVNiE MInVVntVr per Venetos. = 1688
X.— Laurentius Venier, 'provisor' of the Venetian fleet
The chronogram alludes to his first name —
LaVro CoronarI Is DIgnVs est, qVIsqVIs non tIMVIt
fortIter pVgnare. = 1688
XI. — De la Tour Maubourg, eques, et commendator
Melitensis et copiarum Melitensium generalis. y
Mors heroIs et VIrI generosI pro IngentI LVCro, non Ver6
pro VItIo aVt pcenA est repVtanDa. = 1688
388 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC
XI I. — Mocenigo, General in the Dalmatian army for Venice.
DVX Ipse IneptVs est qVI non ConsILIIs parIter et Marte
VIget. = 1 688
XIII. — Petrus Valier, an officer in the Dalmatian army.
eXerCItVs VenetVs non nVMero, seD Innato VaLore est
PRjESTANTlOR. = 1 688
XIV. — Janco, equitum Morlacensium generosissimus ductor.
DVX generosVs VICTORIA seqVentIs est prjeaMbVLo. = 1688
XV. — Petrus Morosini, an officer of high rank.
bonI DIsCIpVLI sIbI qVjerVnt sapIentes eXpertosqVe
MagIstros. = 1688
XVI. — Baro d'Avila, an important officer attached to the
Morea.
fortVna eX toto est VItrea, CVM spLenDet, sVbIto
frangItVr. = 1688
The poem next following is intended to extol other officers too
numerous to mention, who belonged to various countries, and served
as volunteers and otherwise in the Venetian army against the Turks.
They are indicated by these lines in the poem —
Immixtos Anglis, Gallos pugnare volones
Vidimus, et multa caede rubere manus.
Pro Cruce pro Christo varios cecidisse dolemus,
Quorum mors potius vita vocanda foret
Sarmata, Germanus, Venetus Leo, Saxo, Borussus,
Ausonius, Bavarus, Dalmata, Graecus Iber.
This reads like a revival of the Crusades. The poem consists of
forty lines, and is preceded by this title —
IN GfiTEROS SVB REGlO VeNETjE ReIpVbLIOe LABARO
terrAqVe MarIqVe pr/eLIantes strenVos et prjeCLaros
offICIaLes. = 1688
And it concludes with this chronogram motto —
peregrInI hoMInIs atqVjE Ignotje VIrtVtIs non est LaVs
aVt CVpIDo. = 1688
♦'♦»♦
A change now comes over the thoughts of the poet. Friends and
allies having, in the preceding poems, been praised to the utmost for
all they had done and suffered for the cause of Christianity and for
the German Emperor, the subject was, so far, pretty well exhausted.
The Turks now come in for their share, and, as may be imagined,
the poet does not spare the hated enemies, and the worst that can be
said against them in verse and chronogram is done without stint,
The Sultan is the first, and he has a poem to himself at page 92,
bearing this title —
foeDVs InIVste rVptVM sVLtanI pernICIes et rVIna
orIentIs. = 1688
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 389
Mahometh IV. Orientis imperator, magnus Turcarum
Sultanus. The second line denounces him as
' Parricida, sui certa ruina throni.
And these chronograms follow at its conclusion —
LVna orIentIs per bInos fortIter DeprIMetVr, et aqVILa
Iterat5 eXaLtabItVr. = 1688
prInCJpII MaLI rar6 bonVs In orbe VIDetVr eXItVs. = 1688
Vm ! IMperIo orIentaLI In qVo CiESAR Ipse perfIDVs atqVe
perJVrVs est. = 1688
The poems which follow next relate to various personages
subordinate to the Sultan, in command of his forces and otherwise.
They are preceded by this title —
VARlANTlS ET NOVERCANTlS FORTVNiE VesIrIaNjE TRlSTE
LVDIbrIVM. = 1688
Cara Mustapha, Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Turks, or Prime
Minister. The uncomplimentary poem to him, hinting £t strangula-
tion, concludes with —
ConsILIa MaLa, ConsVLtorI IpsI noCIVa, In CapVt
aVthorIs reCVrrVnt. = 1688
Cara Ibrahim, Pasha, the successor of Mustapha. The
last line of his poem hints at his end also by strangulation.
prjeMIa tyrannIDIs, qVjB In fIne trIbVIt, sVnt fVnes et
VInCVLa. = 1688
N.N. Modernus Magnus Turcarum Vesirius, et primus
aulae minister.
per qVm qVIs In VIta DeLInqVIt, per hjbC MorIens serIo
pVnItVr. = 1688
Ibrahim, a relative of the Sultan, vizier and governor of Buda,
General in the Turkish army. He was strangled by the Grand Vizier
Mustapha.
InsatIanDa aMbItIo haVt patItVr JVXta se Ire CorrI-
VaLes. =1688
Abdu Pasha, vizier and the last governor of Buda. The poem
intimates that he found a more glorious death by the sword in battle
than he would have suffered by the xppe.
In obsIDIonIbVs ab InsIgnI et eXperto DVCe penDet saLVs
VrbIs. = 1688
Emericus Tekeli, the chief of the Hungarian malcontents,
and called in the poem a ' rebel/ and in the memoir which follows,
'rebellantium dux et protector.' He persevered with the perfidy and
pertinacity of a Pharaoh. His wife also was a proper match for him,
1 ejus quoque ssevitiem induit, atque Amazonem se novam esse mons-
travit.' The title to this poem is —
390 THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC.
eMerICVs tekeLIVs pannonLe InIVstVs tVrbator et
seDItIonIs aVthor. = 1688
And these chronograms are at the conclusion, on page 103 —
qVIsqVIs es, CVM VIro tVrbatore et seDItIosIs noLI te
JVngere. = 1688
fataLIs pLerVMqVe et fLenDVs reI IstIVs est, fVIt,
erItqVe fInIs. sa 1688
qVoD Ipse qVoqVe Morte sVA eXperIetVr toCkeLI. = 1688
P. Josua sive Joseph, a 'country clergyman,' rebellium dux
et antesignanus (t\e. a rebel leader and a soldier who rights before the
standards).
Mors soLet esse eCho VItjE pr«terIt^e, VtI In terrIs
VIXIstI: Ita orDInarI*; fInIes. = 1688
The rest of the ' impious and pernicious men * who belonged to
the conspiracy of Tekeli are noticed in the next poem. One Pethne-
hasius is specially mentioned —
PETHNEHASIVS SEDlTlONlS iNSANiE DVX, rebeLLes pr«
reLIqVIs oppoRTVNfc DeserIt. = 1688
His poem commences with the following lines, and ends with the
chronogram —
Non male qui ccepit ; sed qui male finiit, orco
Traditur, et pcenae fit faber ipse suae, etc.
oMnIa sVnt bona et faVsta, si bono eXItV CLaVDantVr.= 1688
Four others are grouped together; it is mentioned in a note, that as
a consequence of the war promoted by them, the number of people sent
from Austria and Hungary into slavery was 87,400 (viz., old men 6000,
women 1 1,215, girls 14,092, and boys 56,093, The towns and villages
burnt in the region of Vienna 14,062, and of Hungary 871.) The
poem concludes with —
teMpVs aDest, Instat graVIs VLtIo, tVrCa perIbIt: Vates,
effatI testIs et annVs erIt. = 1688
♦■•■♦
On page 106 there is an hexameter acrostic on the words ' Leo-
poldus vireat, Mahometus vileat' — * Austria, Polonia, Venetian' —
followed by these chronograms —
aVstrIa ne tIMeas, CrVX eXaLtanDa resVrgIt. = 1688
o! MarIa VNGARliE totIVs patrona! )
Io ! LVna IaCet attrIta sVb peDIbVs tVIs. J ~ l688
The concluding pages contain some curious 'prognostications'
in verse, drawn from events of the period ; the last poem is a ' Pre-
sagium de anno 1688,' concluding with these chronograms —
JOSEPHO AVSTRlACo PRIMO HiEREDlTARlO VNGARliE REGl SlT
paX et perpetVa saLVs. == 1688
IngLorIVs et enerVIs tVrCa aD pannones nVnqVaM reVer-
tatVr. as !688
THE SIEGE OF VIENNA, ETC. 391
CoMes toCkeLIVs aVt ab InChoatA tVrpI sVA rebeLLIone
CIto resIpIsCat, aVt fVne Intereat. = 1688
aqVILa De barbarIs gentIbVs totIes trIVMphans sIt et
PERSTET ESSE PROTECTRlX VNGARliE. = 1 688
beneDICtVs $It DeVs qVI pressos VaLDe A barbarIs hospI-
tIbVs erIpVIt pannones. = 1688
fInIo VtInaM qVoqVe fInIat fVror gLaDII et Chara paX
orbI perennet. = 1688
FINIS,
i.e. Ifinishf oh that the fury of war would also finish and that dear
peace might endure to the world.
There is a list of corrections needful in the pages of print, with an
address to the reader in chronogram and verse, the only example of
the sort that has come under my notice —
typographVs LeCtorI, )
Vt errorIbVs qVI Metro InopInat£ IrrepserVnt, > =s 1688
ne InDIgnetVr. J
Irrepsisse typo quae lector amice notantur,
Hsec animo sperem menda ferenda bono.
Tam castigatus luci quis prodiit author ?
Qui vidit librum labe carere suum ?
Luna suas patitur maculas : Sol pluribus ipse
Subjicitur naevis, quae sine nube dies ?
Cum nihil esse scias ex omni parte beatum,
Hinc oculo errores fer patiente meos.
ss^Mimns
THE CITY OF VIENNA.
A large volume of engravings representing the public buildings
£\ in and about Vienna in the year 1724, is worthy of notice for
good architectural delineation enlivened by the introduction of street
scenes, which exhibit some of the out-door manners and dress of the
people of that city nearly 200 years ago. The British Museum copy
is catalogued under ' Vienna/ the press-mark is 554. e. 3. The title
of the first part begins, * Vera et accurata delineatio,' etc. Several
years were occupied in the production of the work; it is dated 1724-
1737. There are a few chronograms, the first being the date of the
title of the third part of the work —
anno, In qVo aVstrIa sVperIor CaroLo VI. hoMagII DebIta
persoLVIt. = 1733
/.*. The year in which Upper Austria paid the debt of homage due to
Charles the Sixth.
An emblematical engraved title-page next follows, wherein are five
chronograms, it is a fine example of such a work ; the accompanying
facsimile of the original represents it on a reduced scale to adapt it to
39s VIENNA,
the size of my pages. The effect of a diminished copy by the particular
process here used, is to render finer all the lines of the engraving,
every feature being reduced in equal proportion. The first of the
chronograms hangs from the trumpet being sounded by the substantial
winged female in mid-air ; the four others are conspicuous at the base
of the picture —
proDIgIo pLena aC sIMILIs noVa eX antIqVa VIenna. ss 1732
InDefesso IngenII, artIs Labore, VnIto CoeLI, sVperVMqVe
faVore, = 1732
trIgInta Inter arIstas hoC In proDIgIVM nVnC sVrreX-
ERAT, = 1732
hortIs, CoLossIs, paLatIIs, forIs, IntersItIs, pIIsqVe ^DIbVs,
MIre aVgVsta, = 1732
CaroLo VI. aVstrIo. IMp. DIVo aVg. pIo, fortI, fortVnato
ET GLORlOSO. = 1732
A new Vienna complete and like unto a prodigy instead of the old
Vienna, through the unwearied labour of genius and art by the favour of
heaven and the gods above9 this prodigy had now arisen within thirty
years, with gardens, great statues, palaces, market-places, promenades and
sacred buildings, wonderfully grand, when Charles VI. the Austrian,
the holy, august, pious, strong, happy, and glorious, was emperor.
The title-page of the fourth part is thus dated —
aLs oesterreIChs VereInIgVng MIt LotharIngen aVss
genaVeste gestIfftet WorDen. = 1736
i.e. When the union of Austria with Lorraitie was established most
exactly.
THE THIRTY YEARS WAR.
THE Thirty Years' War is frequently alluded to in this and in my
former volume on Chronograms, and therefore it seems to call
for a few remarks which may lead the reader to gain a little insight
into an important event in the history of Europe. The name is given
to that memorable contest which lasted from 161 8 to 1648, between
the Emperor and the Roman Catholic States of Germany on the one
side, and the Protestant States, with their allies Denmark, and after-
wards Sweden and France, on the other side. Spain, Holland, and
Transylvania also took part in it, but their interference was less direct
This long struggle has generally been considered a religious war ; but
political objects were the real motives of the contending parties, and
religion was used to veil the designs of the leaders. Many names are
memorable among them, the Emperors Matthias and Ferdinand 11. ;
Frederick v. Elector Palatine, the son-in-law of James l of England ;
Christian iv. of Denmark ; Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, and,
on his death, Duke Bernhard of Weimar, who led the Protestant allied
THE THIRTY YEARS WAR. 393
forces. The Imperial forces were led by Wallenstein, Tilly also com-
manding on the same side. Passing over the successes and defeats
in the long contest, Ferdinand was compelled by events to conclude a
peace after seven years' negotiation, which was signed at Miinster, in
Westphalia, on 24th October 1648.
A writer on the Luther commemoration in 1883 remarks, that
Ferdinand 11., who was a pupil of the Jesuits, had sworn before the
Papal throne to restore Catholicism in his hereditary territories He
undertook to intimidate his Protestant neighbours into recanting their
heresies. His agents were Tilly and Wallenstein, and a war of reli-
gious extermination was proclaimed. Morally the Thirty Years' War is
not to be charged upon Luther and the Reformation. On the other
hand, the connection between them can scarcely be described as an
accident, though not to be imputed as a reproach to Protestantism.
Protestantism, as a German speaker recently said, was a rebellion
against the terrible doctrine that the faith of a people lies in the dis-
cretion of its sovereign. The Hapsburgs held the tenet in the meaning,
that the sovereigns whose religion was to be accepted were themselves.
They were fast subjugating all Protestant Germany, as they had
reduced already the Archduchies and half Bohemia, when Gustavus
Adolphus appeared. Resistance to Ferdinand 11. and to Rome,
though it laid the land waste for thirty years, and exhausted it for a
hundred, is in the eyes of patriotic Germans an essential element in
the unity they now enjoy. They are the best judges ; they claim
Luther and Lutheranism as their guide through the labyrinth of petty
intrigues and intestine strifes of the intervening centuries; they do
not grudge the price they have had to pay for him and it.
A ' Bohemian exile ' named Sictor wrote some chronograms on
events of the war which were enacted in his own country. The par-
ticulars are as follows :—
A tract in the Bodleian Library, Oxford (press-mark Ash. 561
No. 2), 40, pp. 8, was written by John Sictor, the * Bohemian exile '
who was the author of certain chronogrammatic works mentioned in
my former book on Chronograms > pp. 18, 25, 35. The tract was
published in 1645; it contains a few of the chronograms which I
have already quoted from his work of 1646, together with some others
relating to Gustavus Adolphus and the Thirty Years' War which here
follow, and have not otherwise come under my observation. The
title is, ' Chronometra aliquot memorabilium rerum his certis annis
gestarum.
Epigramma,
Historia est testis mundi, et narratio rerum,
Quae nisi sit veri nuncia, laude caret,' etc. etc.
' Cantabrigian 1645.'
As usual with this author, his name is not on the title, but else-
where, as in this instance at the conclusion of a dedicatory epigram,
on another page. I extract the following
3D
394 THE THIR1Y YEARS WAR.
Mnemonicon Boheino-Germanicum.
On the battle of the White Hill, near Prague, when Frederick v.,
king of Bohemia, and the Protestant party, were signally defeated by
the Bavarians and the Roman Catholic league.
Eteostichon Pragensis Albo-Montanae Anno Dom. 1620, die 8
Novembris, stylo novo incolis usitato,
CzeChIgensIs fVIt InfeLIX oCtaVa noVeMbrIs, \ __ ,
LVXIt VbI aVstrIaCo praga sepVLta IVgo ! J ~~ I02°
i.e. The &th day of November was unfortunate to the Bohemians, it
shone when Prague was put under the Austrian yoke.
On the first battle of Leipzig, when Gustavus Adolphus, king of
Sweden, defeated the Imperial forces led by General Tilly.
Chronogramma primae cladis Lipsensis & victorioso rege Sueciae
Caesarianis illatae, Anno Dom. 1 631, die 7 Septembris.
Gesareas aqVILas CepIt gVstaWs aDoLphVs, )
saXonIbVs IVnCtVs DIVIno VICtor In agro : V = 1631
septeno VIIbrIs erIt pIa LIpsIa testIs. )
i.e. Gustavus Adolphus took the Imperial eagles, being joined by the
Saxons in the heaven-favoured battle: Leipzig will stand a pious
wittiess to the *jth day of September.
On the battle of Liitzen, when the warlike king, Gustavus Adolphus,
like the courageous Samson, was killed, though he was the victor.
See Chronograms, p. 187. A large block of granite marks the spot
Eteostichon cladis Lutczenae in Misnia, in qua bellicosus rex
Suecorum, instar animosi Samsonis, victor occubuit, Ann. Dom. 1632,
die 6 Novembris.
seXta noVeMbrIs erat regI fataLIs aDoLpho ; ) ,
ast sVeones fIgVnt Ipsa trophjea pIIs. J ~" l $2
i.e. The 6th day of November was fatal to King Adolphus. Lo I the
Swedes erect their trophies to the pious men.
On the second battle of Leipzig, when the Swedes defeated the
Austrians.
Chronogramma secundae cladis Lipsensis, Caesarianis a. Suecis
illatae, Anno Dom. 1642, die 23 Octobris, qu& etiam post meridiem
in Anglia pugnatum.
soLe qVater qVIno trInoqVe oCtobrIs oborto, ) _ ,
aVstrIaCIs sVeCI CVMVLabant Castra tropins. J "" l042
i.e. The four times five and three (23//) day of October arrived, and the
Swedes filled their camp with Austrian trophies.
On the death of Gustavus, his daughter Christina became Queen of
Sweden, to the great satisfaction of the people. Public opinion became
very unfavourable at a later period of her career. The reader is re-
ferred to page 403 infra for some particulars concerning her.
Aliud eteostichon Epinicion de serenissimS regin& Sueciae, felici
Triumphatrice in eodem praelio.
1
THE THIRTY YEARS WAR. 395
VLta fVIt sVeCIs CharI pIa fata parentIs, ) ,
ContInVans ChrIstI popVLIs ChrIstIna trIVMphos. J ~" 42
i.e. There was life to the Swedes in the pious death of the dear parent,
when Christina continued the triumphs to the people of Christ
Near Tabor, in Bohemia, the stronghold of the Hussites and
their leader Ziska (see Chronograms, p. 335), situated on a com-*
manding eminence, was fought the battle in which the Austrians
were defeated. This happened on the day of Saint Matthias, the
24th February ; the chronogram refers to the figurative language of
the fourth chapter of the prophet Daniel.
Eteostichon fatalis cladis Domus Austriacae in Bohemia, propfe
civitatem Tabor, memorabile castrum et munimentum J oh. Ziscae,
Ann. Dom. 1645, die 24 Februarii, stylo antiquo Juliano.
LVX saCra MatthIjE aVstrIaCIs sVa fata resoLVIt, ) = 6
Vt CeLerI gyro robora CeLsa rVant ! (Daniel iv.) J "~ l 4*
i.e. The day sacred to Matthias, sacred to the Austrians, sealed their
fate, as by a swift turn (?) the lofty oaks shall perish. (See Daniel,
chapter iv.)
The same event is referred to in the next chronogram, under the
date 6th of March, new style, the same day as 24th February in the
old calendar.
Aliud de eadem die 6 Martii stylo novo Gregoriano ibidem
consueto.
MartIVs aVstrIaCos seXtA faCe ab ense repressIt, ) = 6
CeV gLaCIes aVstro fLante soLVta fLVIt. J ~* * 4*
ue. March (or Mars) on the sixth day overcame the Austrians by the
sword, like as the ice fruits when the south wind blows.
The last page of the tract contains three epigrams on the warlike
events of the period (the author seems still to have in his mind the
dream described in the fourth chapter of Daniel), and it concludes
with this
Emblema chronologicum Anni 1645.
per tot ConfLICtVs aqVILone repeLLItVr aVster : ) _ ,
aVstrIa hyperboreo proCVMbIt robore qVerCVs. J *$
i.e. The south wind is repelled by so many conflicts with the north wind,
Austria, the oak, is prostrate through the northern strength. This chrono-
gram is full of double meaning, such as Auster (the south wind) and
Austria (the nation). Robur and Quercus are almost synonymous.
TEMESVAR.
THE fortress of Temesvar or Temeswar in Hungary was the scene
of warfare and bloodshed at the period now in question, when
it was in the possession of the Turks. It was besieged in 17 16 by the
Emperor Charles vi. and Prince Eugene, and taken from the Turks,
396
TEMESVAR.
OfUh
who were eventually expelled from the country which they had held
for 150 years. The following nine anagrams on the name of the town
are more or less allusive to current circumstances, as also are the
accompanying chronograms in Leonine hexameter and pentameter
verse, which give the date of the victory. They are taken from Zedler's
Universal Lexicon, xlii. 719, where they are printed with many trouble-
some inaccuracies. The words of the anagrams are repeated in the
chronogram verses, and they are altogether very curious. Medals
relating to this siege are mentioned in my former volume on Ch
grams, p. 159.
Temeswar. 1 Anagram. Evertamus.
nVnC rota VertetVr teMesVVar IVre VeretVr
InsoLIta eVgenI DeXterItate VenI !
Temeswar. 2 Anagram. Tu es murea.
Vrbs VIX posse gLobIs InfrIngI MVrea, VobIs
bassIs 1 VIsu (sic) fVIt, seD qVasI bVLLa rVIt.
Temeswar. 3 Anagram. A metu rues.
tVrCa VIr InConstans, potIVsqVe VoCabItVr Infans
Vt pVer, Iste VetVs tVrCa fLet: eCCe Met Vs.
Temeswar. 4 Anagram. Vere mutas.
fert trVX tVrCa pLagas, fert DVX eVgenIVs, agas
basse1 Vrbes MVtas qVas fore fata pVtas.
Temeswar. 5 Anagram. Aureum est
Vrbs Fit thesaVrI CVMVLVs, fIt fVnDVs et aVrI,
QViE pVro VenIt ferro, et ab jEre VenIt.
Temeswar. 6 Anagram. Mare vetus.
eXCVrrVnt naVes ; tVLIt Vrbs pro C^esare CLaVes,
nVnC CiESAR LiETVs post Mare sVrgat VetVs.
Temeswar. 7 Anagram. Resume tua.
Vt VarIa bVLLa est PRiEsCRlPTlo tVrCICa nVLLa
IVra VoLVnt, C^sar IVra resVMe tVa.
Temeswar. 8 Anagram. Ut eruas me.
gens fIDeI o CiESAR pIa sperat Vrbe teMeswar
hIs e paganIs eruVe (sic) ab ore CanIs.
Temeswar. 9 Anagram. Tu me serva.
aeternaLe VaLe DIC, basse,1 DIC, aga:1 LoCaLe
hoC sIbI IVs retinet (sic) Cesar In orbe tenet.
= 1716
= 1716
1716
= 1716
= 1716
= 1716
= 1716
= 1716
1716
1 The names of a person ? or place ? I have met with them in other chronograms alluding
to the Turks. Probably the Latin form of ' Pasha,1 the Turkish officer.
EXPENSES OF WAR— SPANISH SUCCESSION WAR. 397
EXPENSES OF WAR.
A
tract consisting of four pages only, 40, lent to me by the Rev.
Walter Begley, commences thus —
Epistola responsoria
Consiliarii ad Consiliarium,
agens
de materia
Contributionum Gallicarum
Anno 1688.
1 = 1688
quo
prjESEntare fero Debet bona sVeVIa1 gaLLo
ms graVe, qVo Late rVra VIrosqVe preMIt.
ET RHENVS MiENVSQVE1 PARES DANT HOSTIbVs, IGNIS ) = ,gg
NON LONGAS HORAS Vt CaVeATVr, OPES. J
VnDe sVas fIrMat properans gens eXtera VIres, i = 6gg
qVeIs VaLeat nostro teLa parare soLo. J ~" !
On the second page some remarks (in Latin) commence, headed
by the initials P. P., on the exactions of money levied in certain
parts of Germany for the expenses of the war ; concluding thus on
the fourth page, — Vale, et si perpetub vir rectus es, cave, ne dum
frigus in hisce partibus intendit, in tuis quidquam ex ardore erga me
remittas. Dabam ex Musaeo in DonagriS. postridie Calendas Romanas.
Anno 1688.
LILIa qVI possent nIVeos retInere CoLores, I _ ^^
non LICIte rapto qVa sIC MaCVLantVr ab aVro? J " I0*8
The imprint, of place or date, in the usual form, is absent.
THE SPANISH SUCCESSION WAR.
THE war of the ' Spanish Succession ' was the result of the events
which preceded and the intrigues which ensued on the death,
in 1700, of Charles 11. King of Spain, the last of the house of Austria;
he by his will having nominated as his successor Philip Duke of
Anjou, grandson of Louis xiv. of France. The circumstances are
related in Zedler, xxxviii. 1182, with the following satirical verses and
chronogram of the year 1700, and some remarks to the following effect :
— Upon the happy progress of the righteous weapons which England
and Holland made use of to influence the House of Austria and the
fickle Catalonians, adversely to the pretensions of France.
1 Suabia. a The rivers Rhine and Main.
39*
THE SPANISH SUCCESSION WAR.
Usque hue cantavi ad Organa Galli
Nunc alia ad Cytharam, Carole, canto tuam,
Altum cantavi Gallo, sed voce coacta,
Bassum nativa nunc gravitate cano.
Cantavi, ad cantum saltavit Gallia tota :
Nunc ubi canto Fugam, Gallia tota fugit.
Denique cantavi false ; Anglica musica venit,
Tacto aliter docuit, me cecinisse suo.
Ergo nunc alia canto Catalonia voce,
Scilicet Anglico per bene docta modo,
proVIDeant sVperI reLIqVa qVoqVe regna propInqVa ) __
Cantent aVstrIaCo CVnCta seCVnDa Choro. J "~
i e. Hitherto I have sung to the Organ of the French, now I sing other
things to thy Lute, O Charles. I have sung ' alto ' to the cock (i.e. the
Frenchman), but, with a constrained voice, now I sing ' basso ' with
natural gravity. I have sung, and all France has danced to the song ;
now when I sing a ' Fugue* all France takes flight. Lastly, I have sung
1 Falsetto ' (falsely) ; the English music comes in, it taught me by its touch
(or influence) to have sung differently. Therefore now I sing other things
with a Caialonian voice, taught thoroughly well after the English
manner. (Chronogram.) May the most exalted persons and the neigh-
bouring kingdoms foresee the remaining things, and may they sing all
things prosperously in English chorus.
1700
POLAND.
APOLLO HEROICUS ET LYRICUS.
APPLAUSE AND GRATULATION.
FOLIO volume, and a very curious one, claims especial
notice; British Museum, press-mark 1871. d. 2.; no
pagination, but it consists of sixty-four leaves. It
contains poetical or versified addresses in the Latin
language to high and exalted personages, eulogising
them in exceedingly flattering terms, after the fashion of the period,
and referring to the wars and public events of northern Europe in
the seventeenth century (mostly in Poland), in which those persons
were intimately concerned. Much fancy is displayed in the various
compositions ; they are, with a few exceptions, in hexameter metre,
the appropriate heroic verse, and they are adorned with chronograms
to give the dates. Full transcripts would be needful to show the
character of the verses, and the great variety of subject and events
alluded to : the extracts which follow will set forth the titles, some-
times at length, in order to elucidate the unusual character of some
of the verses and the chronograms which accompany them. There is
no date in figures anywhere in the book; the chronograms alone
afford the dates intended by the author, who was the Abbot of Oliva.
This place or village of Oliva, is in the neighbourhood of Dantzig,
in Prussia, formerly part of the territory of the once powerful king-
dom of Poland. Here is the anciently celebrated Cistercian abbey,
suppressed in 1829, the church of which, a stately edifice dating
from 1581, is now the parish church. The choir contains the figures
400 POLAND— APOLLO HERIOCUS.
of Polish Kings and Dukes of Pomerania, and carvings done in 1619.
The refectory is adorned with portraits (?) of all the abbots from 11 70,
the date of the foundation of the abbey. The peace which termi-
nated the sixty-one years' northern war was concluded here between
Sweden and Poland on 3d May 1660. The palace of the abbots is
now inhabited by some noble family of Germany; it possesses a
beautiful garden, and the surrounding scenery is said to be very fine.
Poland had been conquered by the Swedes in 1655, and it recovered
its independence by the treaty at the above-mentioned date.
The book now under notice was printed at the monastery of
Oliva in 17 12 according to the chronogram on the title-page, the
author also there states that the contents hitherto scattered about are
now brought together in one volume. The full name and designa-
tions of the author are thus given at the commencement of the first
address to Pope Innocent XL — ' Michael Antonius Hacki, Abbas Mon.
B. M. de Oliva O. C. S. R. M. Pol. Seer, et Ejusd. Gen. ad P. P. C
The general title-page is as follows : —
1 Apollo heriocus et lyricus diversus primorum orbis Chris-
tiani capitum ac potissimum (sit) bello sacro colligatorum palraas et
lauros de hostibus reportatas, nee non aliorum nonnullorum principuro,
cardinalium, amplissimse Urbis Dantiscanae elogia ac virtutum decora,
sparsim hactenus, nunc junctum in uno fasce decantans publics luci
datur a p. ac r. d. m. a. h. a. o.
Votum Chronosticum
aMoD6 Coronet paX ChrIstIanos! = 1712
Oliva, Imprimebat Joannes Jacobus Textor, Factor.'
Th$ ft™* address in hexameter verse is to Pope Innocent xi., and
it concludes with this chronogram —
InnoCentIVs XI. )
Dator LIberator beatIssIMVs > = 1687
VIVat ! )
The next address bears this title: Poenitentia gloriosa.
Vaticinium triumphale, etc. of Pope Alexander viil, and this chrono-
gram— VIVat aLeXanDerI VenetVM stIrps . I _ *a
sIt CapVt orbIs ! J" 1069
The address occupies more than three pages of hexameter verse ;
the first letter of each line is printed sideways, to form these words,
' Beatissimus pater sanctissimus dominus summus ecclesiae pontifex
Christi vicarius Alexander papa octavus de gente Othobonorum
Venetus vivat triumphet' (This Pope helped the Emperor Leopold
against the Turks ; his family name was Ottoboni, of Venetian origin.)
The verses conclude with this chronogram of the date of his election —
POLAND— APOLLO HBROICUS. 401
I"
1686
Ita
fortVnatIs aVgVstIorIs trIgenI aVspICIIs \-=- 1689
pLaVsVM Dabat
' Subjectissimus.,
(Then follow the author's initials, etc., in two lines.)
The next address, in hexameter verse, bears this grandiloquent
dedicatory title, ' Deo et Leopoldo Liberatori augusto, Buda Hun-
garise Metropolis, potentissimis de Otomanica servitute, Vindiciis
mancipata augustissimi triumphis applaudente' (here follows a long
line of initial letters of the author's name, etc.). The verses con-
clude with this chronogram, of the date when the Emperor Leopold 1.
was carrying on successful war against the Turks in Hungary —
LeopoLDo LIberatorI Io ! trIVMphe ! ) _
VIVat reX hVngarLe! J
The next address in hexameter verse bears this title, Serenis-
simus Josephus primus, Romanorum Hungariae Boemiae
reX VIVat regVM 1 l6g
LeopoLDI orbIsqVe saLVtI. J 9
The address fills four pages ; the first letter of each line is printed
sideways to form these words, ' Regum maximi imperatorum augus-
tissimi christianorum vindicis Leopoldi primi filio Josepho primo
Romanorum Hungariae Boemiae regi regum felicissimo augustissima
universal And it concludes with this flattering chronogram —
ter reX, ter feLIX MVnDI CapVt ) = ^g
Io IosephVs! J 9
This Joseph 1., son of the Emperor Leopold 1., became king of
Hungary, etc., in 1687.
Another grandiloquent title commences the next address to the
king of Poland, ' Deo et Joanni III. ter magno regi orthodoxo
Austri vindici, Orientis domitori, Occidentis defensori, Aquilonis
terrori, Turcico, Scythico, Dacico, etc. etc., invictissimo Domino
domino suo clementissimo Sarmatia triumphans applaudit
VIVat Io ! regIs LaVro, reDVCIsqVe trIVMphIs = 1686
• Accinente/
(Here follow the author's initials.)
The address in hexameter verse fills four pages, and ends with
this chronogram —
VIVat Ioannes tertIVs
reXpoIx>nLe(tVrCIDoMItor
( ChrIstIanorVM Defensor. = 1686
This king of Poland, John Sobieski, was the last independent
king, 1674-1697 ; he was illustrious for victories over the Cossacks,
Turks, and Tartars. (See former volume Chronograms!)
The next address bears an important-looking title ; it is also to
John in., whose name is printed in capital letters an inch and a half
in size, * Heroi serenissimo Joanni tertio regi Poloniarum ter
3*
}-
1686
402 POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS.
magno regum potentissimo, sapientissirao, Optimo, Europae defensori,
orbis servatori, patriae pater
Imperium sine fine.' (Virgil, /En. i. 279.)
There are four pages of hexameter verse ; the first letter of each
line is printed sideways to form the above words of the title, con-
cluding with this chronogram —
Ioannes MagnVs reX, VInDeX I Aa
Cor sIt oLIVje ! / ~ l0*9
The next address to the Venetians is more simple, though it
begins grandly thus, ' Deo et Venetis christians libertatis et mari
et terra assertoribus/ etc. etc. The verses conclude with this chrono-
gram—
VIVat VenetIa Marte VInDeX ) = 6g
ChrIstIan^e LIbertatIs ! j l '
The next address is to Francis Morosini, Doge of Venice, ' Soli in
Leone Heroum felicissimo principum serenissimo Domino Domino
Francisco Morosini Duci Venetiarum etc. Lunae Ottomanicae semper
victori serenissimae reipublicae propagatori, patriae patri.'
seMper VICtor Io VIgeat DVX pLVrIbVs annIsI = 1690
The verses are in praise of the Doge and of the victories over the
Turks by the Venetians ; the first letter of each line is printed side-
ways, to form the words of the title, commencing at the word
' Heroum.' The last two lines include the chronogram —
Regnaque Tanta Deum venetis cupit addere Sceptris :
I VInDeX, soLIIsqVe frVens Leo soLqVe trIVMpha. = 1690
The first alludes to the kingdoms and countries, mentioned in the
preceding lines, conquered by the Doge ; the second (and also the
commencement of the title) alludes to his armorial device, which
represented the sun, or a sunbeam; and a lion.
The next address again proceeds to exalt the Venetians through
their patriarch S. Laurentius —
' Sanctitas Veneta ob divorum honores S. Laurentio lustiniano,
Venetiarum primo patriarchae in ccelis triumphanti, a sanctissimo
Domino nostro D. Alexandro papa octavo in ecclesia militante
decretos triumphans,' etc.
In this address also the first letters of the lines are printed to
form almost the words of the title, and this chronogram is the con-
cluding hexameter line; it is explained as giving the year of the
saint's canonization —
sIC Veneto DIVVs VVLt IVstInIanVs honoreM. = 1690
This chronogram is explained by an allusion to a proverb — Dat
Galenus opes, dat Justinianus honores.
The next address is to Christina, Queen of Sweden 3 the title
commences —
• Majestas virtutis christianae, in serenissima et potentissima
Christina Suecorum, Gottorum, Vandalorum regum/ etc etc. There
are four pages of hexameter verses, with marginal notes, giving a
POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS. 403
general idea of their purport. The following extract gives the opening
lines, and the marginal notes which accompany the succeeding ones —
Majejtas i Regia Wasaidum soboles, reginaque magno
r4&e. | Edita Gustavo ; patriis par filia sceptris.
Abdicatio anno 1654. — Heroicse virtutis specimen. — Sui ipsius
victoria. — Romam, Alexandro vn. Pont, commigratio. — Regium
Gustavi de Seren. filia prasagium. — Alexandra, secundum Christinae
nomen. — Pax Monasteriensis. — Regnum virtutis. — Libertas principe
digna. — Animi magnitude — Contemptus saeculL — Comitas augusta.
— Clemen tia regia. — Pietas munifica. — Plenitudo scientiarum.
The concluding lines of the eulogy are as follows —
QuantS prd Superi ! se Majestate videndum
Praebet honos animi ! Quanto cumulata sereno,
Christina, virtus redit, et dignissima Christo !
O spreti regina throni, Christina tuique !
Major Alexandro vives : regesque coronam !
Et virtus debere tibi, post astra, loquentur.
This Christina, Queen of Sweden, was the daughter of Gustavus
Adolphus, of the royal family of Vasd. In 1644 she took the reins
of government into her own hands. She was energetic in all her
undertakings, and acted rather a conspicuous part in the affairs of
Europe, but having secretly become a convert to the Roman religion, .
she renounced the crown and retired to Rome, where she lived in
state, and died there in 1689. The whole of the verses are so
laudatory that one's curiosity is excited to know more of this exemplary
woman. A modern historian sums up her character generally in these
words: — She was only six years old when she succeeded to the throne.
She became more fond of Jiterature and the arts than of politics.
Her vanity was delighted by the homage paid to her by literary men,
and she pensioned such of them as she thought ready to extend
her reputation ; she spent large sums in rare books and specimens of
art- Her subjects were displeased at her prodigality; they condemned
her tastes, they lamented her unchastity, and sensibly advised her to
marry, and attend more strictly to her duties as a sovereign. Against
marriage, which would have subjected her caprice to restraints, she
indignantly remonstrated, and she eventually abdicated and retired
into private life, retaining ample revenues as the means to gratify her
pleasures. She went to Brussels, where she privately abjured the
Protestant faith. She afterwards went to Rome, making a sort of
triumphant entry there. She soon became disgusted with a private
station, and is said to have intrigued to regain possession of the
crown. She grew tired of Italy too, where, to gain applause, she had
publicly embraced the Roman Catholic faith. She could no longer
meet with the respect to which she had been accustomed. Though
still young, only twenty-nine at her abdication, her character was not
of a high order, and her manners were still less calculated to win
affection; she could not forget that she had been a queen; she
wished to pass for a wit, a philosopher ; and she found to her inex-
404 POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS
pressible mortification that what had been spontaneously paid to her
as a sovereign was withheld from the woman. The irregularities of
her life, especially in France, did not much support the superiority
which she was always ready to claim. Vain, weak, superficial,
without beauty, without grace, she was soon reduced to her own
level. Licentiousness was not her only crime. In a fit of jealousy
she caused one of her lovers, Monaldeschi, to be assassinated, and
although not brought to public justice, she was obliged to quit France
and end her infamous career at Rome. Never has sovereign been
more egregiously over-rated.
The verses conclude with this chronogram, made before she
died —
ChrIstIna aLeXanDra ) _ *«
MlRiE VIrtVtIs regIna VIVat ! / ~" IO°7
This queen of ' wonderful virtue ' survived these flattering words
only two years.
The next is addressed to the Elector Frederic in. of Brandenburg,
who is classed among the heroes of the period: 'BRANDEN-
BURGUM TRIUMPHANS serenissimo principe ac Domino
domino Friderico in., Dei gratia Marchione Brandenburgico s. r. i.
Archicamerario et Electore, supremo Duce in Prussia, etc. etc. —
PATRIAE SOLIVM GLORliE \
faVsto VbIqVe gLorIosoqVe passV v = 1690
aDeVnte.' J
Here again the first letters of the lines of the four pages of
hexameter verse are so printed as to form the words of the title, with
some slight variation or addition, and a chronogram at the end —
iEQVALIs patrI VIVat frIDerICVs Vt jeVVU ! =1690
The next address is to James Lewis, Prince of Poland, and his
wife. It bears this title, ' Hilaria Augusta Poloniae et Europae,
ob serenissimi Domini domini Jacobi Ludovici regii principis
Poloniae et M. D. Lithuaniae : ac serenissimae v. sp. Hedvigis Elisa-
bethse principis Neoburgicse nuptias, connubiali et affinitatum nexu
augustissimas regiis, et reipublicae votis auspicatissimas triumph-
antium.
trIVMphVs hIC VVarsaVIje, ) .
DIebVs, eVge ! LIberI.' f ~ It>91
Here in this address there is a new feature in the construction of
the hexameter lines, which fill three pages. The first and last letters of
each line are printed upright, and when read from one to the other
they form a complimentary sentence separate from the lines to which
they belong, in praise of the married couple and their parents, repeat-
ing the words of the title with some additions; the last couplet
includes the chronogram, which must be read as an ordinary Roman
numeral date, mdcxci. —
Si clypeo1 renuant, renuant servire Leoni,
Morte Dahas2 CertA, Xanjho3 Cernente, perIsse. = 1691
POLAND— APOLLO HEROICVS. 405
There are a great many footnotes to explain the allusions through-
out; the following apply to the last couplet — 1. Neo-sponsorum.
2. Scythas et Turcas. 3. Fluvio e regione Thraciae Turcarum.
The next address concerns the rulers of Poland, viz., James the
son of King John 111. ' J acobi principis triumphale tirocinium
sub paternis regalibus auspiciis serenissimi Joannis in. Poloniarum
regis,' etc. etc. The verses are in a different metre from all the pre-
ceding addresses (in four lines, as in Ode ix. of Horace). The only
chronogram is at the conclusion —
Io )
VIVat IaCobVs prInCeps I _ 6«
MagnI IoannIs tertII regIs poLonL* C l '
fILIVs ; CeLsa gestIentIs LeChLe gLorIa ! )
The next address, in the same metre as the preceding one, is to
Cardinal Opitius Pallavicini, the legate from Pope Innocent xi. to
John in., King of Poland. ' Virtus eminentior in purpura.
Eminentissimo et reverendissimo Domino domino s. r. e. Cardinali
Opitio Palavicino,' etc. etc. The three pages of verse terminate with
this chronogram —
opItIVs paLLaVICInVs CarDInaLIs )
seDIs apostoLICe In poLonIIs LegatVs >== 1687
fLoreat ! VIgeat ! j
The next address is to Cardinal Michael Radzieiowski, a bishop
and Officer of State in Poland, in the Sapphic metre of Horace.
* Jason Augustior honor eminentissimus in eminentissimo
. . . Cardinali Radzieiowski, episcopo Varmiensi et Sambiensi1 . . .
eta (many other grand titles). The front page concludes with this,
the only chronogram —
MIChaeL raDzIeIowskI \
pVrpVratVs antIstes V= 1687
VIta VIVat ! )
The next address is to the Cardinal Legate from John in. of
Poland to the Pope Innocent xi. The title begins, ' Eminentia
summis proxima eminentissimi . . . Cardinalis Joannis Casimiri
Donhoff, serenissimi et potentissimi Poloniarum regis Joannis in., ad
ss. d. Innocentium xi. legati,' etc. etc., and concludes thus —
VIVat )
Ioannes CasIMIrVs Donhoff > = 1687
pVrpVra InsIgnIs piuesVL! j
The next verses are in praise of the city of Dantzig and all belong-
ing to it. The title begins, 'Pandora felicior urbium Sarmatiae
Dantiscum, Balthici maris princeps emporium, regalis Prussise
metropolis primaria., At the end is this chronogram —
VIVat DantIsCVM (
InsIgne poLonIje prVssIjEqVe IVbar! J
1 Ermeland, and Sameland,. in Prussia.
1687
406
POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS.
The next address or set of verses is intended to finish off with a
flourish the foregoing panegyrics, by an anagraramatic applause in
verse, occupying two pages. The title is as follows —
Pro Coronide Applausum Anagrammaticum, prout sequitur, subnectimus.
Regium nomen
Johannes
Serenissimi ac potentissimi regis Poloniarum
Combinationes Literates Bis mille Quingentas Viginti includens,
et Viginti Anagrammata significativa in Uno connexa
Poemata efformans,
Fausta regi vota,
Felicia Poloniae auguria,
Fatalia hosti omina,
Manifestans,
Ipsa' Coronationis s. r. m. Die oblatum
ab Humillimo Subdito, servo, Cliente et Exoratore
M. A. h. a. c.
The author says in this title that the verses which follow contain
2520 changes (or anagrams) on the name 'Johannes/ by means of
transposition of the letters, but not forming words with any sense ;
also that the verses contain twenty 'significant* anagrams on that
name. This may be seen in the Latin words, or short phrases mingled
with the other words composing the verses, and printed in con-
spicuous capital letters. These words have a ' significant meaning '
easily recognised in reading the verses. At the conclusion is this
chronogram, giving the date of the coronation of John in. —
Io trIVMphet poLonIa fortVnatIor 1 __
DE lOANNE TERTlO AVGVSTk Coronato ! J ""
At the bottom of the page is this note : ' Cum sequens poema
serius in lucem prodieris, ideb post omnia inseritur.' The next page
contains what here follows ; it is a full page of bold print all in varied
capital letters, and (in the original) divided into short lines. It is
addressed to Louis xiv. of France —
4 Ludovico Magno Galliarum regi regum, principum, heroum
augustissimo, Ecclesiae primogenito, Pietate christianissimo, Justitia
potentissimo, Sapientia invictissimo, Clementia serenissimo, Con-
siliorum inventis et eventis altissimo, Recte-actorum mole latissimo,
Nominis immortalitate longissimo, Omnibus omnium maximo Io
Victori.
VIVe tVIs, o reX ! ) _
DVM gaLLIa IVbILat, annIs.' J ~
The four succeeding pages are filled with hexameter lines, of
which the initial letters and the terminal letters (both in conspicuous
capitals), when read downwards in succession, compose the words of
the above title, down to the word ' victori.' At the end is the in-
vocation by the author to Louis as successor of King Pepin —
1676
1691
POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS. 407
De Voto Orbis Christianissimi
pIpInIo MagnVs VIVat LVDoVICVs Vt orbI ! =1691
Adprecatur omnium minimus et infiraus
r. d. m. a. h. etc. etc. (the author's initials.)
The panegyric or gratulation verses to other personages are con-
tinued by the same author. I take only those which contain chrono-
grams. The one which here follows is to be found in the British
Museum catalogue under the entry of the author's name, etc., as
represented by the initials thereof, at the conclusion of the title which
I now proceed to quote —
'SPEI AUGUSTS SOLATIA regni Poloniae Majestatum
serenissimi Domini domini Joannis in. regis, serenissima^ Dominae
dominae Marise Casimirse reginae, publico " orbis christiani voto
decantata
VIVe DIV et VInCe, aVgVstA reX proLe
MarIa! = 1694
C. R. D. Af. A. If. A. O. S. O. C & T. D. P. A. O. G. ^ P. G. & P.
m. s. p. p. s. c:
The verses which follow this singular display of letters do not
contain any chronograms.
The next gratulation verses have the title of ' Regalis hymen/
etc., and are addressed to the Count Palatine, Maximilian Emanuel,
and the Princess Teresa Cunegunde of Poland on their marriage —
ANNO
ChrIstI, aLto eX VteroqVe DeI, eX VteroqVe
MarI^e. = 1694
The author's initials are the same as the foregoing, and so entered
in the British Museum catalogue.
The next verses are from the pen of the same author as that of the
two preceding sets, as indicated by the same initial letters. The title
commences, 'Io triumphe Majestatibus regni Poloniarum,' etc. —
addressed to John in. the King, to Maria Casimir the Queen, and
mother of Theresa Cunegunde the Electress Palatine, and to the
princes Alexander and Constantine. It concludes with this chrono-
^^ Io triumphe
reX qVI haVD absq. MarIa aVrI fert seCVLa;
VIVat! = 1694
The three pages of hexameter verses have their initial and terminal
letters printed in conspicuous capitals, which, when read downwards
in succession, compose the special praises of this royal family, but
without any further chronogram.
The next six pages of verse declare the praises of Frederic in.,
Margrave of Brandenburg, and his share in the wars. The title,
after the fashion of the period, does not attribute to him a position of
humility—-' Dextera Domini ad sceptrum ter invictum, dementia
408 POLAND— APOLLO HEROIC US.
Fortitudine Sapientia serenissimi potentissimi Domini domini
Friderici m. Dei gratia Marchionis Brandenburgici, s> r. i. Archi-
camerarii, Principis Electoris supremi ducis in Prussia, Ducis Magde-
burgi, Juliae, Cliviae, Montium, Stetini, Pomeranorum, Cassubiorum,
Vandalorum, Crosnae, Suibusii ; Burgrauii Norimbergensis ; Principis
Halberstadiensis, Mindensis, Caminensis ; Comitis in Hohenzollern,
Marcae, Ravensbergi; Domini in Rabenstein, Lauenburg, Butoro,
etc etc. Universitatis Hallo-Fridericianae fundatoris sapientissimi.'
The dedication to him then follows, and six pages of hexameter verse,
concluding thus —
Vivat I Et /Eternam probet ut se dextera scEPTRb ;
ter feLIX VIVat frIDerICVs tertIVs ^eVVM ! = 1695
The next four pages are devoted to the unsparing praise of the
Archbishop of Cologne, who was also a territorial prince, and went to
battle with his own troops. The author's name and titles, as repre-
sented by initials only in some of the preceding applauses, are here
set forth more at large: 'Sol in Geminis, serenitas Bavarica in
candore et constantia serenissimi et potentissimi Domini domini
Josephi Clementis1 archiepiscopi Coloniensis, Leodiensis episcopi,
utriusque Bavariae ducis, etc. s.r.i. principis et electoris, Archi-
cancellarii per Italiam, etc. Imperiali Christi et Leopoldi coronae
perpetuum Ver portendens.
DVX CLeMens VIVat sVppar VIrtVte trIregnIs. = 1694
Publicis Votis et Gaudiis applaudente
R.D. Michaele A. Hacki Abbate Olivae S. O. C S. T. D. P. A.
Official. Gedan. et Pomer. General. S. R. M. P. I. C. S. P. S. C
There is no further chronogram in the verses which follow.
The next verses relate to the Emperor Leopold. There is but one
chronogram at the end of the title, which is as follows : — ' Luna .
sub pedibus sacrae Caesarese regiae majestati Leopoldo primo magno
maximo imperatori Romanorum semper Augusto regi Germaniae,
Hungariae, Bohemiae, Archiduci Austriae, Duci Burgundiae, etc., pro
pace Turca supplex
LVna perI thraX. paX LeopoLDI, Io VI Ve, trIVMpha. = 1695
Ita animitlis vovet
Servorum minimus F. M. A. H. A. O. S. O. C
The next verses are addressed to the Grand-duke Cosmo in. of
Tuscany, c Deus Magnus Dominus cum serenissimo et potentis-
simo principe ac Domino Cosmo in. Dei gratia Duce Hetruri^e,, etc
At the conclusion is this hexameter chronogram —
DVX ItaLI MVrVs regnI tIbI tVsCIa VIVat ! = 1697
The next verses are addressed to Zaluski, Bishop of Plock, in
Poland, 'Agnus in medio cardinalium virtutum sigillum excellentis-
simi illustrissimi reverendissimi Domini Andrae Chrysostomi in
1 Refer to index, 'Joseph Clement,' for other praises of this archbishop.
POLAND— APOLLO HEROICUS. 409
Zaluskie, Zaluski Dei et Apostolicae sedis gratia Episcopi Plocensis/
etc. The verses conclude with this hexameter chronogram —
VI Ve DIV feLIX CVM terqVe qVaterq. beatIs. =1694 |
The next verses bear this title, 'Candor illaesus illustrjssimi et j
excellentissimi Domini domini -Christophori Leopoldi Comitis a * ■ ~\
Schafgotsche, etc. etc. Ab obligatissimo Calamo et Animo .M
C. R. D. M. A. H.' etc. (the same author's initials). 3]
IMperIo fIDVs, faVstVs qVoqVe seCVLa VIVat ! = 1694 ' .'%
There is no chronogram at the conclusion. ,-|
The next set of verses brings us to the end of this remarkable % \"y
volume. They concern principally Frederic in. of Brandenburg. 5
The title, as follows, contains the only chronogram : Sapientia cum :
Principe cuncta componens Heroico in pectore illustrissimi ... *\
Domini Eberhardi De Danckelman . . . Serenissimo principi domino
Frederico in. electori Marchioni Brandenburgico, etc. etc. .-J
qVI frIDerICe tVI aVt ManVs est aVt VnVs Vt ' .[
atLas = 1694
Vivat ! e voto obligatissimo
C. R. D. M. A. H. etc. (the author's initials as before).
The verses which follow bring the volume to the end of the last
page, with room only for this line, to mark the printing at the abbey —
OLIVAL, Typis Abbatialibus.
3 f
A CALENDAR OF 1726.
,N exceedingly curious, thin folio, volume belonging to
the Rev. Walter Begley, is a calendar of the year 1726,
printed at Salzburg. I believe it is very rare, at least
it is the only copy my friend has met with during many
years of search in quarters where literary curiosities
are likely to be met with, either at home or abroad. The title-page
is of itself a fine example of printing in two colours. It is entirely
in chronogram, the numeral letters being in red, the rest in black.
I have thought it worthy of being represented by a facsimile taken
from the original, which I give on the opposite page ; it is, however,
reduced by about one-third from the actual dimensions, and is printed
all in black. It may be read in sentences, as follows, showing the
date 1726 eight times repeated : —
Magna, et VsqVe VeneranDa presbIJterII s^eCVLarIs
gLorIa. =
seV CaLenDarIVM noVI IstIVs LabentIs annI =
a natIVItate DoMInI, aC gratIosI serVatorIs nostrI IesV
ChrIstI, =
M. DCC XXVI. =
In qVo, prater DIVos, atqVe beatos roM* ChrIstI
VICarIos,
Meros prope presbIJteros SjeCVLares, qVI Inter DIVos
reLatI, proposVerat, =
VersVqVe ChronographICo aDVMbraVerat, =
MIChaeL WInepaher, presbIJter, et pastor paLVDanVs In
passyrIa.
i.e. The great and ever to be venerated glory of the secular priesthood.
Or, in other words, A Calendar of this new and passing year, from the
nativity of our Lord and gracious Saviour Jesus Christ, 1726. In
1726
1726
1726
1726
= 1726
1726
1726
= 1726
A CALENDAR.
411
Ma
GNA,
ET
VsqVe VeneranDa
preseJJterII s^CVLarIs
gLorIa,
*
sbV
CaLenDarIVM no VI fcrfVs
LabentIs annI
»
a nAtIVItate DoMInI,
aC gratIosI serVatorIs nostrI
IesV ChrIstI,
M. DCC XXVL
•
In qVo,
traetcr DIVos, atqVe beatos RoMse
ChrIstI VICarIos,
«
JMeros prope presbljtcros saeCV Lares, qVI
later DIVos reLatl, proposVcrat,
#
VersVqVe CbronogrMfblCS iDWUrsVcf*
*
[IChaeL WInepaher, presbljtcr, &i
paLVDanVs In rafsyrla.
S4US«tt(?/,Typif joionit jofephi Mayr.AiilteD'Ac«dcmfciTypogr.p4aH«nBdoM.
4i2 A CALENDAR.
which Michal Winepaher, priest and l pastor Paludanus 9 in Passyria,
has set forth besides the saints and blessed vicars of Christ at Rome, also
the simply secular priests who have been numbered among the saints, and
has sketched them out in chronographic verse. Printed at Salzburg by
the Court printer, J. J* Mayr.
The stars * inserted at intervals in the original title-page, as will be
seen in the facsimile, are used to separate the chronograms.
Then follows a dedication, in boldly printed capital letters, to the
most reverend 'Prsesul' (superior or abbot) Augustinus, of the
Imperial- Archiducal and privileged monastery of the B. V. M., 'ad
S. Joannem in Stambs ' ... of the Cistercian order the most vigilant
abbot (and many other titles). An address to him next follows, com-
mencing thus, ' Gratiosa acceptatio Calendarii, in quo ante biennium,
prater Festa totius ecclesise solenniora, meros Sanctos Ordinis
Cisterciensis, in singulos anni dies versu chronographico proposui,
animos mihi addidit, ut et praesens opusculum, in quo Magna, et
VsqVe VeneranDa presbIJterII SjeCVLarIs gLorIa patet, = 1726
tibi reverendissime, ac amplissime Domine Praesul ! consecrare
statuerim.' The dedication then proceeds to mention some illustrious
members of the Cistercian order, such as (four popes by name), and
the venerable John of Campidona (Kempten, in Bavaria ?), who falling
from a tower when a boy, died. Thereupon his parents vowed that
if he should be restored to life they would devote him to their patron
saint, St. John the Baptist of Stambs. His life returned, and in due
time, on the completion of his studies, he was ordained, and became
the parish priest at Nesselwang. At length his parents, led by the
spirit, fulfilled their vow, and he became a ' Religious ' at Stambs, and
eventually died there, or, in the words of the narrative, ' ubi tandem
in fami sanctitatis migravit ad Superos:' cui praesens Distichum
apponere libuit :
VIVere te feCIt DIVVs CognoMInIs Ipse: = 1726
Ipsa IbI VIta tVa hInC, MorsqVe saCranDa fVIt. = 1726
Der grosse Tauffer gab dir nach dem Fall das Leben*
Zu dessen Ehr hast du in Stambs dein Geist aufgeben.
i.e. The divine namesake of thine caused thee to live ; hence thy life itself
therey and thy death also, was to become sacred.
The great Baptist gave life to thee after thy fall, to whose honour at
Stambs thou hast given up thy spirit
The address to the Abbot Augustinus then continues, and con-
cludes with these words —
1 Ita vovet
Reverendissimce, Perillustris ac Amplissima
Dominationis Tuce> etc. etc.
Humtilimus ac Deditissimus
in Christo Servus
Hujus Calendarii Author.
A CALENDAR. 413
Then follows the ' address to the reader,' explaining further the
purpose of the work, and which I transcribe in full. The Calendar
next follows, occupying 37 pages and 728 chronograms. I have
transcribed the month of January in full, as a fair representation of
the remaining eleven months. As is usual in many almanacs, both
old and modern, there is an appendix to this ' Calendarium,' treating
of various kindred matters; and all that matter is composed in
Latin verse chronogrammaticaliy constructed, and treated in a very
amusing style. The title-page to the appendix is also in chronogram.
The whole work consists of 54 folio pages, containing 889 chrono-
grams, of which I have extracted the goodly number of 227.
Brevissima ad Lectorem Prefatio.
Novum tibi, Benevole Lector I Calendarium profero, Sanctorum
Presbyterorum Saecularium, seu Petrinorum, nominibus, ut plurimum,
repletum ; quos inter et Sanctos Romanos Pontifices numerare placuit :
quorum licet multi ex variis Religiosorum Ccetibus fuerint electi, hoc
ipso tamen Petrini facti sunt, utpote divi Petri legitimi successores.
Plures Sanctorum Presbyterorum determinatis suis diebus posuissem,
si mihi non defuissent desiderati authores; prsesertim Martyrologii
Gallici, et Belgii Sanctorum. Episcopos, inter Divos relatos, anno
subsequenti, si Superi me servent, expecta ! Et interea nonnullis
versiculis subinde hoc
in Opusculo claudicantibus
compatere.
> m*^ <
Annus hie ordinarius 365 dierum numero descriptus
a
CHRISTO NATO M. DCC XXVI.
Ab orbe condito, ex Sent Petav. .... 5709
Ab imperio Julii Caesaris
A vocatione S. Petri ad Apostolatum
A glorioso ipsius Martyrio
Ab institutione sacerdotii in ultima Ccena Christi
Ab electione benedicti xiii. in Pontificem Romanum
Ab electione caroli vi. in Romanorum Imperatorem
Aureus numerus xvn. Cyclus Solaris xxvn. Epacta xxvi. Indictio
Romana iv. Littera Dominicalis F. Dominicse post Pentecosten xxiv.
1771
1696
1657
1693
2
*5
XII. IngentIa sIgna zoDIaCI, sVpra 1
spLenDens soLIs Iter obsIDentIa. J ~ I7*6
sIgnorVM pro DIVIs eXaLtatIs parata appLICatIo. = 1726
(Continued on next page.)
414
A CALENDAR.
on arIete saCrIfICans tIbI notVs DIWs abrahaMVs. = 1726
8 Vt taVrVM LVCas prjEfVLgens Denotat Ipse. = 1726
u qVI eX VobIs DICo geMInos, IaCobe! Ioannes ! = 1726
as XaVerIVM (par est) aptabo DenVo CanCro. = 1726
£1 ferV6re et pLenVs MarCVs Leo ferVIDVs esto = 1726
rn seXto1 haVD absIMILIs VIrgo It sIne Labe Creata = 1726
£= qVIs seqVItVr? MIChaeL, Vt granDIs In jethere, LIbra.= 1726
ftp. heI nepa! VaDe VIas, si neMpe VIgILLIVs arCet. = 1726
$ non nIhIL et IaCVLVM qVI, DIVe sebaste! notabIs. = 1726
V? hoC anIMaL pereat, Vates De qVo ore LoqWtVs.2 = 1726
zz fLoryan afferto, Vt pr^eCLarVs aqVarIVs, VnDaM ! = 1726
X pIsCIbVs EXIMIfe est DoCtor antonIVs Ipse.8 = 1726
JANUARIUS habet dies xxxi.
S. Concordiui
Martyr
in Italia.
• b
alias
4d
Circnmdslo
Domini.
S. Nllammon.
Confessor
DumEpls-
copatum
trahltur,
In oratlone
splritum
DBO reddit
S. Anthems
M.
Roman.
Pondfex,
uno tantum
Pontiles turn.
S. Priscos
M.
Pro fide
capite
plexus.
Teletphor.
Rom. Pont
decrevit, ut
In mlssa
Gloria In
exceWs
dlceretur.
annI prInCIpIVM CVI Debeo fort^ fVtVrI?
prInCIpIo nVMqVID qVI qVoq. fIne Caret?
Dass neue Jahr von mir heut dem gewidmet wird,
Der keinen Anfang hat, und ohne End regiert
per te ConCorDI! faVstVs reDDatVr Vt annVs,
aD CceLVM sVbIt6 Vota, qVot astra, VoLant.
Dass ein beglucktes Jahr wir durch dein Vorbkt kriegen,
Concordi I tausend Wunsch zu dir gen Himmel fliegen.
InfVLa Vt InVIto CapItI sVMenDa: sILere!
Ista nIMIs onerat (DIXIt) et oCCVbVIt.
Seht ! disem wolte man mit GValt ein Inful geben,
Er sagte : nein ! beschloss in dem Gebett sein Leben.
spLenDentes CLaVes VIX Vno Mense tenebat;
teCta aperIt sVperVM DIWs hIC Ipse sIbI.
Ein Monat d'Schliissel der allein getragen hat :
Dan sperrite er sich auf das Thor zur Friden-Statt
eCCe! qVoD effVso testatVr sangVIne proMptVs,
eXIMIa est prIsCI, VeraqVe prIsCa fIDes.
Durch sein vergossnes Blut bekennet Priscus frey,
Dass gViss sein alter Glaub der Wahre Glaub auch sey.
CongrVa pro CantV sVper /ethera MVnera! DIVe!
gLorIa In eXCeLsIs DVM tIbI parta fVIt.
Was d'Engel z'Bethlehem gesungen bey der Nacht,
Hat dir auch in der Hoch die groste Ehr gebracht
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
Dominica vacat Evang. C&tn natus esset Jesus in Bethlehem. Matth. 2.
1 Ncmpe signo.
Daniel viii. 21. * Paduanus, qui piscibus concionabatur.
r
9b
Epiphanja
bomiiil
S. Lnciaaus
M.
Duin
aacrificat
pectore
pro an
deficients
S. Carterhis
M.
ecuhu
transfoasa
latere aqua
eti
c S. Martianns
TempU
tDoendiiini
extinxlt
S. Hygmns
Rota. PontUl
Valentraum
basreticum
superat
et coafundiL
S. Tigrhtt
M.
A CALENDAR. 415
Magnos eCCe aDstant reges! reX qVantVs, Vt In fans, = 1726
eXsVperat CVnCtos: naM DeVs Iste potens. = 1726
Ein Zahl der Konigen sich heut im Stall einfind ;
Der grost auss alien ist doch nur das kleine Kind.
hostIa CVM DeVs est; et peCtVs, Vt ara, paratVr; = 1726
haVD CceLo MVnVs LiETlVs esse pVto. = 1726
Das Opfer Christus ist : die Brust ist der Altar,
Ich glaube, dass kein Mess dem Himmel lieber war.
CarterI LaVDate! tWM LatVs haVserat hasta. = 1726
VnDe patent VENiE: LyMpha, CrVorqVe fLVIt. = 1726
Da ihren Lust an dir Crateri ! (sic) d' Hencker biissen,
Auss der verwundten Seith auch Blut und Wasser tiiissen.
Vt DVrIs CrVCIans torMentIs Ipse tYrannVs = 1726
te qVatIt, eCCe In lis te VIDet esse VIrVM. = 1726
Es sahe mit Verdruss ja selbst de Tyranney,
Dass Antonius auch ein Mann in Peynen sey.
eXpers Iste DoLI LaCrYMA restrInXerat Ignes. = 1726
fLetV erebI seD feX tV sCeLerata rogVM. = 1726
Der fromme Martian die Flamm mit Thranen loscht,
Die H6U zu loschen, seynd dess Sunders zaher's best.
ileretICVM sVperas, VerI: et ConfVnDIs, hIJgInI ! =1726
MaCte! VaLentInVs non VaLet oVa DVo. = 1726
Seht ! Valentinus ligt. Sein Lehr wird umgekehrt,
Der arme Ketzer ist ja kein Schuss Pulver werth 1
tIgrIDe qVID peIVs? CanDens, aCerqVe tIJrannVs, = 1726
heV tIgrI! CaVsat qVI tIbI, DIVe! neCeM. = 1726
Was ist noch wilder, als ein Tiger ? der Tyrann,
Der dir, o Tigri ! einst den Todt hat angethan.
Dominica I. Post Epiphaniam vacat Evan. Vidit Joannes Jesum venicntem. Joann. 1.
13 F
Ecce
Araus
DEI.
Hg
8. Fefoc
C
Araneantm
tells
protectoa.
«5»
S. Isldorus
C
Ad Coram
a&imarum
a Deo
Tocatoa.
abs MaCVLa VenIens agnVs (sperate!) LaVanDVs
aVfferet, Vt saLVet, granDIVs oMne sCeLVs.
Zum Tauff das Gottlich Lamb sich bey den Jordan stellt :
Und nimmt allein auf sich die Siind der gantzen Welt
DIVe tIbI soLI sVbIt6 fabrICatVr asyLVM.
faCtVs nVnC faber est, qVI M0D6 teXtor erat.
Man baut in alten G'maur ein Zuflucht in der G'fahr,
Ein Maurer ist die Spinn, die sonst ein Weber war.
Ml IsIDore tVos InsIgnI tV eXCoLe zeLo!
DeVota Vt frVCtVM peCtora VbIq. ferant.
Geh' Isidor, und bau das heirge Kirchen-Feld !
Gott hat, der Seelen Friicht zu sammlen, dich bestellt
= 1726
= 1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
416
A CALENDAR.
16 b
S. Afatho
Rom. Pont
Leprosum
saaat.
17 c
InVOUtlO
S. Diodori
M.
x8d
Cathedra
S.Petri
Rome.
19 c
S. Marcellus
I.M.
Rom. Pontic
adCuram
equorumdam-
natus, etlam
oresChrlsti
libl credits*
pasdt.
tV osCVLa pIgebas Leproso, MVnDVs Vt esset. = 1726
eXeMpL6 reCreas: LepraqVe DVra fVgIt. = 1726
Von Siechthum der Geplagt, empfangt von dir ein Kuss,
Ira Augenblick alsdann die Kranckheit weichen muss.
DVM fors (res rara est) thesaVrVs qV«rItVr, eCCeI = 1726
erVtVs, eXCeLLens sat, DIoDorVs aDest. = 1726
Man sucht mit sondern Fleiss auf ein gewissen Platz,
Und findt den Diodor, ein ausserlessnen Schatz.
stabIs roMa DIV: neC stYX te VInCere possIt, = 1726
arCe VbI In eXIMIa seDerIt ILLe petrVs. =* 1726
Das heil'ge Kirchen-Haubt in dir, O Rom I nun sitzt,
D'rumb stehest du. Die H611 vergebens auf dich blitzt.
qVanDo feros MarCeLLVs eqVos frasnare IVbetVr, =s 1726
neC MInVs et sVaVes pasCere gaVDet oVes. = 1726
Marcellus wird, die Pferdt zu striglen, angehalten,
Er weiss doch Christi Heerd nebsthin recht zuwerwalten.
Dominica II. post Epiph. Evang. NupHa sunt in Cana Galilcta. Joann. 2.
•113
S. Gumsmdus
M.
Anagram*
matt
Dfgnussum
ssa
alg
^b
S. Fabtanui
M.
Rom. Pont,
cuius elec-
Columba
S
M.
Praeciaum
tuum caput
ad locum
sepultures
hortat.
Desponsatio
3. Ananias
M..
Apostolnm
Paulnm
baptisans.
feLIX ConnVbII (si MIsta sIt VnDa faLerno), = 1726
est statVs: aC CerberVM gaVDIa tVta foVet. = 1726
Gut I wann das Wasser sagt zum Wein : Ich bin dein Schatz,
So findet die Vernunflft Freud ; und im Hiren Platz.
DesVper apparens qV& VIsa CoLVMba reVeLati* = 1726
approbet eLeCtVM qV6D qVoqVe et Ipse poLVs. = 1726
Wass will die weisse Taub, so bey der Wahl erscheint ?
Dass d' Stimmen in der Wahl recht aussgefallen seynd.
VoX eLapsa poLo est: es DIgnVs, sVMe! CoronA, = 1726
qVaM tIbI CVnCtIpotens reX sIne fIne DabIt. *= 1726
Die Stimm von Himmel sagt : Nimm hin die Ehren-Cron !
Sie ist fur deinen Todt der wohlverdiente Lohn.
aMbVLat Iste, nIhIL o errans, sIne VertICe DIWs; = 1726'
proDIgIIsq. nItens IntVLIt hVnC tVMVLo. = 1726
Der Heil'ge ohne Kopf sein Haupt getragen hat :
Verfehlte keinen Schritt biss zu der Grabes-Statt.
ConIVgIVM feLIX pLan^ est. satIs InDe patebIt: = 1726
IVnXerat, eCCe! DeVs; et paranyMphVs erat. = 1726
Wer soli dem heil'gen Paar zur Eh'nicht gratuliren,
Weil selbst der grosse Gott zum Gsponss die Braut thut fuhren ?
non frVstra eLeCtVM Vas pr/esens DIVe! LaVabas: = 1726
Vas CERTk InsIgne (Vt nVMInIs) ILLVD erIt. = 1726
Das ausserwahlte G'fass hast, Ananias ! wol
Gewaschen ; Gottes Nam weil es ausstragen soil.
A CALENDAR.
4i7
saVLe! CaDIs. VIX porr6 refert. nIhIL Ipse tIMeto! = 1726
CasVs te ereXIt. CVrre, MoVente Deo! = 1726
Saul ! Lebe ohne Forcht ! dein Fall ist dir zum Heyl,
Wohin der Hiramel dich treibt, ohn* verziehen eyl !
en! RlTk eXCeLsVM LaVDabVnt organa porro: = 1726
eXeMpLo hoC psaLtes DIVVs Vt ant£ probat. = 1726
Vitalianus fiirht den Brauch der Orglen ein,
Wordurch der wahre Gott dann must gelobet seyn.
Dominica III. post Epiph. Evang. Cum descendisset Jesus de tnonte. Matth. 8.
•7F
«c
y>b
VirDBL
& AfluiUims
GJadio
percollmn
tV Vt CVres, saLVator ! aDest (MIserere !) LeprosVs. =
si InqVIs: MVnDare! en! ILIC6 saLVVs erIt. =
Hilff Heyland disem Seich ! er bitt von Hertzens-Grund,
Sag nur. Ich will, sey rein ! so ist er schon gesund.
granDIs honor! CharVs VIr VerI nVMInIs hIC est; =
CVI qVoqVe DebetVr CeterA MagnVs honor. =
Wann ein Mann Gottes nun Johann genennet wird !
So scheinet, dass ihm auch fast grosse Ehr gebiirt.
GVTTVR VbI LiEDlT TlBl FORS AQVILlNE MaCHjERA, =
eXItVs, heI ! granDI CongrVIt hIC ANlMiE. =
Man stosst, O Aquilin ! ein Schwerdt durch deine Keel,
Damit den Aussgang hab gantz gleich dein grosse Seel.
s-Hi^Kdytu. ,errorem hIppoLytVs pLen^, atqVe eX CorDe fatetVr.
nVnC qVoqVe restaVrat, teste CrVore, fIDeM.
Hippolytus bekennt sein Fehler ; und verbleibt
Beym wahren Glaub, den er mit Blut jetzt unterschreibt.
Fro fide,
aqua
dcfccerata
caput dedlt.
100 Ecdesias
Divtaue'
glorias.
Iste VnVs CentVM saCras ereXerat jeDes.
sIC IVre aVgVstI hIC noMIne DIgnVs erat.
Der hundert Kirchen einst auffurhte in Gebau,
Sag, dass Augustus er, nicht Julius mehr sey.
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
In like manner the calendar proceeds throughout the remaining
eleven months, a double chronogram for each day except Sundays
(with occasionally a second distich), filling thirty-seven pages, and
making up 728 chronograms in the calendar alone. At the end of
December is the following —
CONCL US 10.
DebILIs, ah I nostra VIt* si hIC VLtIMVs annVs, =
.(Dent sVperI!) sterna hIC sIt qVoqVe prInCIpIVM ! =
Wann diss letzte Jahr ist meiner Lebens-Zeit,
Geb Gott ! dass es auch sey das erste in der Freud.
i.e. Ah! if this should be the last year of our failing life, may heaven
grant that it may also be the beginning of the life eternal.
3G
1726
1726
1
4i 8 A CALENDAR.
Then immediately follow these verses, and a German translation
which for want of space I must omit —
VOTUM A UTHORIS.
tot Vates CeLebrent presbIJteros saCros, ^
aXIs qVot nVMerat, noX qVoqVe steLLVLas
(si tItan propere se oCCVLIt) eXhIbet.
proponIt ratIo pIIs.
•= 1726
nVnC fVLgent potIVs teMpora LaVreIs :
Vepres VVLnIfIC^ HjeC antea CInXerant.
regnantes sVperIs Vsq. et In atrIIs
partA LjBtItIA affLVVnt.
pVgnaVIt DVCe stIJX fortIs aLastore
hos Contra pVgILes, teLa CVpIDInIs
tentarVnt qVotIes peCtora frangere?
ast nIL sVnt qVoqVe sIngVLa.
•= 1726
•= 1726
non aVrI rabIDa hos traXIt esVrIes :
NEC SPLENDOR GENERIS, PECTORA SiEPlVs * __ ,
eXCeCans, poterat VInCere, sIC pIos / "" I72°
traXerVnt sVperI VIros.
iEQVIs si seqVerIs pr^VIa passIbVs
tV eXeMpLa, aD sVperos spIrItVs eVehet :
Is Certe parIbVs (postea prosperos)
nos VotIs sVb!t6 beat.
= 1726
Then follows an appendix, with a title-page entirely in chrono-
gram, printed in black, of which I give on the opposite page an
exact copy in modern type, as nearly as possible imitating the
original in style and size. It may be read in sentences as follows,
showing the date four times repeated —
appenDIX Vere InsIgnIs, seV praCtICa MaIor, = 1726
eX qVa CVnCta VIDes: teMpestatesq. sonorjE = 1726
CLarIVs, eXort6 tanDeM qVoq. soLe notantVr. = 1726
eX fVnDaMento hanC PRiEFATVs sCrIpserat aVthor. = 1726
This title-page is somewhat crabbed, because it consists of four
hexameter verses which had to be moulded into chronograms; the
author, moreover, seems to have intentionally used enigmatical or
obscure allusions. The meaning seems to be —
An appendix truly worthy of note, or, A superior practical com-
pendium, from which one sees all the events of the year; and loud sounding
tempests are the more clearly marked, as the sun, too, at length has
arisen ; written on a sure basis by the aforesaid author.
APPENDIX
Vere InsIgnIs,
seV
praCtICa MaIor,
eX qVa CVnCta VIDes:
TeMpESTATESQ: SONORjE
*
CLarIVs,
EXortd tanDeM qVoq: soLe,
notantVr.
eX fVnDaMento hanC praefatVs sCrlpferat AVthor.
420
A CALENDAR.
Januarius,
Jenner.
Februarius,
Horaung.
Marti us,
Mertt.
Aprilis,
April.
Majus,
May.
Junius,
Brachmonat.
Julius,
Heumon.
Augustus,
Augustmon.
September,
Herbs tmon.
October,
Weinmon.
prognostICon,
qVID sIngVLIs MensIbVs anno prjesente
eVenIre soLeat.
ttoC Mense est frIgVs, qVI IanVa DICItVr annI.
tV absqVe Mora peCtVs peLLIbVs VnDe tegas !
Im Jenner trittet ein die Kalte Sennit fiir Schritt,
Setz die Beltz-Kappen auf, so g'friert dir 's Hiren nit
proh nIMIs eXtenDIt febrVarIVs orgIa baCChI :
VnDe et pLan£ eXtat iERE CrVMena LeVIs.
O Wann nur grad nicht heur so lange Fassnacht war !
Jetzt saufft man sich stotz-voll, und macht den Beutel lar.
MartIVs, heV ! tentat, VetVLas aDferre sepVLChro :
hoC (horrens fatVM !) ConDItVr atqVe seneX.
Der Mertz eroffnet heur den alten Weibern *s Grab,
Er wirfft auch manchen Mann, der lang gelebt, hinab.
aprILLIs stVLtos Ita traXIt In orDIne MVLtos;
Vt, qVos ILLe Creat, haVD nVMerare qVeat.
April schickt hin und her vil Narren in der Welt,
Ein Raiter muss der seyn, der alle richtig zehlt.
fLorIbVs est CLarVs DIVersIs MaIVs In hortIs
DenIqVe soLanVM1 pVLLVLat, o bone sVs!
Ein Kraut der May uns bringt, bekannt fast iiberall,
Doch denen Schweinen sehr (so spricht mancher) fatal.
gaVDIa IVxk In agrIs, CVM terrIs InCVbat -«stas.
ast Vm ! CVM frVCtVs postea granDo qVatIt.
Wann's Fraid im Acker schon : Ju ! huy ! der Baursmann sagt,
Au Weh ! wann bald darauf der Hagel alles schlagt.
F<ENlsECiE sVrgVnt ; gaVDent ; graMenqVe seCatVr :
et CVrrVnt, straMen VertICe qVanDo gerVnt.
Die Mader scheren 's Feld ; und seynd der Arbeit froh,
Sie tragen *s Heu nach Hauss ; im Kopf doch mehrer Stroh.
aVgVstVM CeLebrat (aLIos et tonDet) aVarVs.
qVaeret : CVLter VbI ? heVs ! barthoLoMjbVs aDest.
Dem Scliinder in August von Hertzen d* Andacht geht :
Weil dort Sanct Barthlme in dem Calender steht.
pLVres proh ! stVDIIs VaLeDICVnt : InDe perItI
eXCeLLVnt, bIpeDes DVra aD arXtra boVes.
Vil gehn jetzt in d* Vacantz : Studirens haben 's gnug,
Sonst taugen sic nichts, als Ochsen zu den Pflug.
o DoLor ! o poDagra ! o tVqVe eXeCrabILe ponDVs !
sVrIVs est baCChVs; DVrVs, et ora preMens.
O Grausamkeit ! O Plag ! O schmertzlichs Podagram !
Wie zieht der Schabser heur das Maul so hart zusamm !
= 1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1 The original has this marginal note : — " Vulgo Nach-schatten, oder Sau-kraut, quo4
coctum sues necat.' — Solanum is the deadly nightshade, a common wild plant.
A CALENDAR.
421
NOVKMBSK,
Wintermon.
Decsmbbr,
Christmon.
trans jeq Vor (Vah ! seMper eDaX) LICet aVoLet ANSER ;
MartInVs VoCat Vt, raVCVs et anser aDest:
Warm schon die Marti ns-Ganss fliegt einmal iiber 's Meer,
Kommt sie zu disen Fest ein Ganss halt wid'rumb her.
In fceno qVantVs nVnC arDet aMore pVeLLVs !
arDet, Vt InCenDat CorDa sVb aXe pVer.
Vor Lieb auf dem Heu das Gottlich Kindlein brinnt,
Es brinnt, dass es in uns die Hertzen auch entziind.
1726
1726
1726
1726
optIMa prognosis
De eCLIpsIbVs sVbLVnarIbVs Isto
ANNO.
Ad Porphyrium Faustum}
MVLtIs Is spIssIs eCLIpsIbVs annVs abVnDat,
qVm obsCVrant saCras, heI ! qVoqVe faVste ! DoMos.
nVMqVID fcGO tenebras obsCVras passVs, Vt oCto?
(seDVLVs eXCLaMat presbyter, atq. pIVs)
pLVs ego, seX LVstrIs, aDeraM paroCho, bene gratVs ;
eXp6stVs CVr/e noCte, DIeqVe Manens.
CessIt VbI e VIVIs paroChVs, aD sIJDera tenDens,
DenIqVe sVCCessor fort^ fVtVrVs eraM.
seD MoX obsCVra, et ContrarIa fata fVerVnt:
VnDe obsCVrVs aDhVC sVb tenebrIs seDeo.
non VoLVI IVDiE VarIIs CeLebrare sIMonIs
festa, Carens XenIIs. hInC MIhI fVrVa DIes.
DIVItIas sIMILes non eXpeto ab arte LVCrarI.
sIC stIJX paVperIeM tVnC sIne fIne Daret.
SVNT aLIm EXIMliE ECLIPSES tIbI, FAVSTE ! NOTANDiE,
qVm obsCVrant saCras sat qVoqVe In Vrbe DoMos.
DeCeDIt paroChVs: gaVDentqVe eX fratre nepotes.
aD fVnVs CeLerIs, proMptaqVe tVrba VoLat.
HjeC sVperInDVCet tenebras qVanDoqVe stVpenDas:
et nIhIL eX tantIs aMpLIVs hIC VIDeas
DIVItIIs, qVas iECoNoMI bona CVra paraVIt:
spLenDoreMqVe Lares eXhIbV£re. VaCant:
k*reDes qVonIaM (tVrba heV prjeCLara!) tVLerVnt,
qVIDqVID In aCCeptIs iEDlBVs IntVs erat.
LVstrabat rIDens eX arte nepotVLVs arCaM :
hAC patrWs nVMos ConDere VIsVs erat.
saLVete! hInC sVbIto (DIXIt) MIgrate thaLerI !
abDere sVb qVerCV Vos MeLIore V0L0.
Interea aVDItVr strepItVs, CVM sCrInIa neptIs
oCCVpat. hareDVM totaqVe tVrba VenIt.
» = 1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
A translation of what here follows is attempted at page 424, infra.
422 A CALENDAR.
eXtrahItVr LInVM raDIans,1 IbI Lana CaprIna, == 1726
De qVIbVs hIC DeCIVs DIspVtat In ferIo. = 1726
In DabItIs Contra eXVrgIt MaChab^IVs Ipse. = 1726
pVgno eXaLtato HiEC rIXa MoLesta Data est. = 1726
bIbLIotheCa, eheV! satIs eXpILatVr IbIDeM. = 1726
teMpore! proh! parVo est CaVLa, qVoD aVLa fVIt. = 1726
ah! IntroDVCant, VeCtVros MVnera, taVros? = 1726
est Ita. spVrCatVr sat qVoqVe saCra DoMVs. = 1726
Dant LIberIs LIbros : LVDent IVeVenILIter. VnDe2 = 1726
post paVL6 sterCVs qVoDq. VoLVMen erIt. = 1726
eXpoLIata DoMVs pr^stans, prjeCLara, VenVsta, = 1726
eXeMpLo eCLypsIn Denotat VsqVe sVo. = 1726
In the original a versified German translation follows.
> m*m <
enarratIo IngentIs beLLI
Inter MeDICos, atqVe IVrIs peritos }= 1726
orItVrI.
DIALOGUS.
Febricondius, Medicus. Harpocrates> et Faustus,
yuristce.
Isto anno prorsVs eaDeM qVoqVe beLLa reCVrrVnt, = 1726
qVm eXtabant CarIs MeDICIs, et IVre perItIs, = 1726
Vt Contender Vnt, qVIs pLVs tonDenDo VaLeret? = 1726
IsthmeC qVIsqVIs aMat sIne sangVIne beLLa VIDere, = 1726
seDVLVs approperet, hVC et bene LVMIna Vertat ! =1726
Vt beLLI sIgnVM febrIConDIVs, ebrIVs IrA, = 1726
protVLIt, harpoCrates, et faVstVs aD arMa VoLArVnt = 1726
proDVCVnt Leges, et tanta VoLVMIna, qVanta = 1726
seX asInI bIpeDes CIt6 ab hInC reMoVere neqVIrent. == 1726
rIsIt at hjeC potIVs MIr& febrIConDIVs: heVs Vos! = 1726
Vestra ego non CVro tot pLena VoLVMIna fraVDe. = 1726
Contra qVaqVe ego sto, DVra Vt MarpesIa CaVtes. = 1726
DesIne (faVstVs aIt) fIXIs IaQtare MInaCes = 1726
pLANk oCVLIs VIres, qVI tot IaM fVnera DIrIs = 1726
feCIstI potIs. VeL stIJX MeLIora DatVra est. = 1726
haVD frVstra InsIgnIs neC non febrIConDIVs aVDIs, » 1726
sVb tVMVLo tV SiEPfe soLes qVI ConDere febres. = 1726
Ipse sCIo; eXCIpItIs Vos. mger et orDIne postqVaM = 1726
VIXIt: aD eLIJsIos saLteM LegaLIter (Vna = 1726
DICItIs) IntraVIt CaMpos: bene faVstVs VbI stat. a= 1726
1 A marginal note, ' vulgo Glantz-Leinwad ' {sic). Query, glazed linen, or some species
of flax.
2 The word is so in the original.
A CALENDAR.
423
harpoCrates aVDI ! CItIVs naM, Ver& et InIqVIs = 1726
LegIbVs heI ! DVrIs obeVnt CIVILIter oMnes, = 1726
qVotqVot sVb Vestro teCto ConaMIne sVDant. = 1726
qVIppe In pernItIeM retr6 CoLLVDItIs VsqVe = 1726
partIVM: et In stVDIo trIstes IVgVLare CLIentes = 1726
nosCItIs. heI qVantVM hoC DVrIs In rebVs Inane ! = 1726
taM Ver£ eXVrgent qVjE anno, beLLa horrIDa beLLa, = 1726
tanDeM eXoptatA CessabVnt noXIa paCe; *■ 1726
sVb Cappa Vt qVoq. Certantes IVngantVr eADeM. = 1726
In the original a versified German translation follows.
♦ ■•■»
liporyv&o'LS
De MorbIs fataLIbVs nobILIs gynjeCeI
eX astrIs erVta.
phcebVs, ah ! tanto VaLet a CaLore,
Vt CIt6 pIngat faCIes nIgrore :
qVI gynjbConI CoLor astra sors est:
aLtera Mors est.
nVnC ebVr fVrVro Latet, heV! CoLore:
VIX VenVs^ato faWs est In ore,
MORTIS AFFLATV ROSA GRATA PALLET
CIJnthIa sqVaLLet.
fronsqVe sVggestV (tIbI Vah !) sVpIna
CarpItVr CRVDiE, heV ! LaChesIs rapInA ;
Corporis VIVI speCIes ebVrna
ConDItVr VrnA.
sIt nIhIL refert. faCIes nIgresCat!
VeL seneX VIrgo In tVMVLo pVtresCat!
sVffICIt, VIVat, nIteatqVe pVrA
Mente, seCVra.
In the original a German translation, in the same metre, follows.
1726
1726
• =5 I726
= 1726
^♦^
tanDeM et fertILItas IstIVs annI
eXpLICatVr.
Labente hoC anno Vt soLVatVr qV^stIo qVjeDaM,
oCIJVs, ah ! VenIat DIVVs apoLLo MIhI !
qVjestIo. — nVM frVgeIs nobIs hIC InDICat annVs?
CVI frVgVM speCIes IVpIter Ipse DabIt? —
eXprIMIt InsIgnes (VIDeas!) fICVLnea fLores.
qV*q. sVas frVges CoLLIget VnDe ManVs.
i-
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1726
1 This chronogram undoubtedly makes 2726, it agrees with the original, and must be
the author's own error.
424 A CALENDAR.
SiEPfc VnVs paroChVs MagnVs petIt esse DeCanVs : =1726
aVt paroChVM aD sVperos eVeheret soCIVs. == 1726
Inter MonstratVr DIgItos ast ILLIC6 fIXVs = 1726
poLLeX: qVAM pr^stans, heVs bone! fICVs aDest. = 1726
granDIs VbI, et prIM6 VVLt ConsILIarIVs esse = 1726
tantaLVs eXtreMA Vt seDe LoCatVs, abIt: = 1726
DeposCens sVaVes, heV ! fICVs gVstat aMaras : = 1726
Vah! stoMaChVs totVs hIsCe graVanDVs erat. = 1726
sIrIVs InnVptjE DoMICeLL* eXarsIt In ora : =1726
CorbeM, qV^e tVrget fICVbVs, VnDe refert. = 1726
aptVM se panDIt stVLtVs pro ConsVLe sVtor; = 1726
ast VLtra CrepIDaM. est stVLtVs, Vt ante, bonVs, == 1726
rVstICVs In stIfVLIs1, Vah ! IaM granDes et herILes = 1726
forMat ConCeptVs: seD neqVe Vota IVVant: = 1726
sterCoreVs Manet In stabVLo, postqVe arDVa, PRiEsVL, = 1726
tot stVDIa. hoC MVnVs: pasCere rVre boVes. » 1726
IVbILat VnDe satIs fICVLnea; et Ipsa trIVMphat. = 1726
qVos frVCtVs MVnDo HiEC partVrIt ergo? patet. = 1726
In the original there is a versified German translation, which
brings this curious calendar to its end.
1 he free translation (by the owner of the i Calendar ') which here
follows, of a selected portion of the author's work, the 'Pptima
prognosis,' at page 421, ante, will give some idea of his humorous
character under depressing circumstances. The appendix to the
Calendar seems to have been written as a kind of parody upon certain
notable predictions and prognostications, such as those which were
once popular in England in the almanacs put forth by Old Moore
and Zadkiel. It appears that the author, who conceals himself under
the name ' Sedulus,' was a poor country curate, or coadjutor to the
parish priest, and after working hard for thirty years was still without
promotion, and the ' light' that was in him was ' eclipsed.' When the
parish priest died he expected the post to be given to him, and what
made the whole affair more miserable was the rapacious ransacking
and plundering of the deceased priest's houses by their relatives,
which he amusingly and yet with pathos describes, and, as we may
suppose, he may have witnessed in this instance.
A very excellent
Prediction about the Eclipses this year.
To Porphyrins Faustus.
A/as, Faustus, this year abounds in frequent eclipses, which darken
also many priestly homes. What indeed have I suffered of these dark
calamities, eight say you ? (Let Sedulus, a worthy priest, proclaim his
woes.) For more than thirty years was I at my Rector's beck and call,
1 The word is so in the original.
A CALENDAR. 425
and worked with acceptance by night as well as day. And when the
good old priest had departed from among the living, starting on his
journey for the starry skies, then at last I thought by chance I should be
named his successor, but soon the fates were dark and adverse, whereby
I still remain unnoticed and under a cloud. I would not play the greedy
Part of the traitor Judas, the son of Simon, though I sadly wanted the
thirty pieces of silver (literally, I would not keep a Judas Festival bare
as I was of presents). And so was my chance overcast with gloom. I
do not seek by guile to gain such riches, for, if 1 did, then Sly at s stream
would make me poor eternally. T/iere are other special eclipses, O
Faustus, to be observed by thee, which also darken my hallowed home,
in a city too. The parish priest dies, his nephews rejoice, speedily there
hastens to the funeral a ready willing crowd, and this often brings with
it a very heavy gloom, and (so dark in fact) that no more can you see
any of all those great treasures which the honest frugality of the master
of the house got together ; the household gods used to be present, a noble
appearance, now their very shrines are empty, for the heirs forsooth (a
pretty crew!) have carried off whatever inside was worth taking. A
smirking little nephew might be seen gloating over the money-box where
his uncle was known to treasure up his coin. Welcome, says he, ye
t holers, quick, presto I change ! I have a better home for you elsewhere.
And now is a wrangling heard, when the niece attacks the clothes- chest.
The whole crew cluster round. The well-kept linen is brought forth,
and, trifling as it is, forms a goodly theme for holiday dispute to Decius
(alluding to the protferb ' rixari de land caprind,1 to dispute about a
trifle: see Horat. Epist. xviii. 15). Against him in give-and-take rises
up Machabaus himself (a sobriquet referring to the family of Judas
Maccabams, the 'Hammer '). With uplifted fist the baleful quarrel pro-
ceeds. The library, alas! is then and there pillaged to their hearts'
content. In a short time, more }s the pity I what was a mansion is an
empty hut. Can they be bringing oxen to take away the spoil? *Tis
even so, the hallowed home is quite enough defiled. They give the books
to the children, who play with them as children are wont. And so after
a while each goodly volume will be a mass of filth. A house remarkably
illustrious and beautiful, or ancient, always when thus robbed, points
to an Eclipse by its own example or fate.
The succeeding portions of the appendix would not be improved
by translation, without our knowing what was running in the author's
thoughts when he was writing the chronograms, to assist us to the
interpretation of the figurative allusions to his own position ; his
expressions, whether serious or humorous, would appear in English
as simple, obscure, and far-fetched. The last is possibly his next
best, but we are at a loss to assign a meaning to its title, ' the fertility
of the year,' and the crop of 'figs'; it may be explained by the
enigmatical expression in the title-page to the appendix, 'the sun
having at length arisen/ intimating that he had met with better luck
since the writing of the calendar, while his signature to the first title-
page as 'Pastor Paludanus' may be regarded as a sign that his
3 h
426 A CALENDAR.
1 eclipse ' had passed off, and that he had at last gained his promotion
by becoming the priest of a parish answering to that appellation.
I close my notice of this curious work with one, more extract
The day of Saint John of Nepomuk, the 16th of May, is thus marked
in the foregoing calendar —
eX Voto (et MerIt6) taCVIstI, pIsCIs aD Instar : = 1726
His eXInDe In aqVIs pIsCIbVs esto CoMes! = 1726
Johann ! du war*st zuvor den stummen Fischen gleich :
So miissen d* Fisch ietzund begleiten deine Leich.
i.e. In consequence of thy voiv (and justly) thou wert silent as the fishes \
henceforth be thou their companion in the waters.
John I thou wast aforetime like to the dumb fishes^ so must they
now follow thy corpse.
This alludes to his silence as to matters confided to him under
the seal of confession, and his refusal to reveal them, which led to
his alleged martyrdom by drowning. The saint was very popular
in Bohemia and the adjacent countries. See Chronograms^
pp. 170-182.
BISHOP SPORCK'S
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk INCEDENS.
HE book now to be noticed is indeed a very remarkable
one. It is a quarto volume in the library of the Rev.
Walter Begley, and contains 3843 chronograms, entirely
filling 452 pages from the title to the colophon. It
is a very rare book. Careful search and inquiry in
several libraries, the British Museum, the Oxford Bodleian, the
London Society of Antiquaries, the royal libraries of Brussels,
Vienna, and Prague, has not brought to light any other copy. No
doubt other copies do exist, but where are they? Brunet and
Graesse, and other leading bibliographers, do not mention the work.
One library is likely to contain a copy, that of the great Praemon-
stratensian Monastery of Strahow at Prague, to which the author
seems to have belonged (see p. 368 of the work). One curious feature
of the work is that neither the title-page, the censura, nor the
colophon discloses the author's name, and it is only by a marginal
note at page 373 that we learn who he was. The subject is multi-
farious, and all in prose. It treats in concise sentences of theology, the
Virgin Mary, the saints, particularly of Saint Philip Neri, faith, Scrip-
ture, the Fathers of the Church, morals and proverbs, the illustrious
dead, miscellaneous history, biographical notices, the Emperors
Charles VI. and Leopold I., and other potentates and bishops, the
University of Prague, divers adages, the weather, things to be avoided
and hated, beauty, rural life, peace and war, man and woman,
flattery, oratory, fasting, penitence, prognostics, applause of eminent
persons, the author himself, fables, precious stones, anecdotes, Milan,
428 CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC
the Clementine College at Rome, the author's farewell, and a great
variety of other matters, perhaps two or three hundred more in
number than are here casually mentioned ; finishing with a sort of
afterthought as if to fill up two or three blank pages, which the
author calls ' chronographica omissa.' Everything is composed in
chronogram, making one and the same date, 1754, the date of the
book. In this the author has scarcely recognised the purpose of a
chronogram ; he merely writes in that form, but does not thereby
give the date of the circumstances thereby described.
It might be supposed that after such an effort, and on accomplish-
ing his labour, the author would have disclosed his name in the usual
manner ; but not so. Even the high compliment paid to him in the
official 'Censura' failed to draw him out from his adopted obscurity;
and further, we learn from the ' Censura ' that this is the third work
of the same kind by the author, a trio he might indeed have been
proud of. In this one example, composed, it is believed, when he
was blind (I can get no exact knowledge of the other two), w« see
his ability to deal with a difficult style of composition, and his great
store of subjects gathered up in all directions. A marginal note at
page 373 of the book (and see page 439 infra), directs attention
to the author; and we learn from the chronograms there that his
name was John Rudolph Sporck, of noble family ; his parents were
Ferdinand and Apollonia; he was born in 1695; he was suffragan
bishop of Prague.
Some further particulars concerning the author are to be gathered
from Dablacz, Kiinstler-Lexicon fur Bohmen, and Zedler's Universal
Lexicon. He was distinguished for skill in drawing, though he had
more weighty matters to engage his attention as bishop of Adrat and
suffragan to the archbishop of Prague, and as ' Hauspralat ' to the
Papal Court. When a young man, he already loved the arts, and
still more so later in life, especially during his residence and study of
theology at Rome. He made a collection of valuable paintings, and
copied them in Indian ink. His enthusiasm carried him so far in
this, that, as it was thought, it was the cause, as his years advanced, of
total blindness. He died at Prague, on 21st January 1759, in the
Benedictine Monastery of St. Nicolas, where he had lived for several
years since his blindness. He had the honour to be sent to the
Papal Court in 1729 by the chapter of Prague Cathedral, as advocate
for the canonization of St. John Nepomuk. Seven folio volumes of
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC 429
his drawings are said to be preserved in the library of the monastery
of Strahow at Prague.
The title-page is printed on the following page, with modern type,
in imitation, so far as is attainable, of the original, and it may be
read as two chronograms ; thus —
CANCER ChRONOGRAPHICe, AT RETROGRADE, AC LENTE InCeDeKS
ET NON PROFlClENS =s 1754
ChronographICa offert. sIC rIDe, DefLe, et ea CorrIge
LeCtor pr«CLare. *= 1754
Pragae, apud Franciscum Carolum Hladky, Archi-Episcopalem
Typographum.
On the back of the title-page is the following, which gives the
important information that this is not the only work of the author —
CENSURA.
Ex gratiosa commissione Reverendissimi, Illustrissimi, ac excel-
lentissimi Domini, Domini (pL tit.) Episcopi suffraganei Pragensis,
Vicarii Generalis et Officialis, legi prsesentem trinum ejusdem Illumi-
natissimi Authoris, felicem alti Ingenii partum, opus chronographicum :
quod sicut priora, gustu Attico, et Laconico stylo, tantil pietate et
sapientii elucubratum est, ut omnium oculos apprime mercatur,
quapropter illud, ut publici usus per typum fiat, dignissimum judico.
Datum Pragse Die 18 Novembr.
A*™ x755- Maximilianus Wadl,
Cler. Regul. S. Pauli Assessor ConsistoriL
IMPRIMATUR.
Antonius Wenceslaus Wokaun, Episcopus, Vicarius Generalis
et Officialis.
i.e. A crab, chronographically, but in a retrograde manner and slowly »,
marching along and not advancing, presents the chronograms. Thus, O
distinguished reader, do thou laugh at, weep over, and correct them I
' Censura ' (the official judgment thereon).
By the gracious commission of the most reverend, illustrious, and
excellent Lord (of many titles) Bishop suffragan of Prague, vicar-general
and official, I have read the present, the third chronographic work, the
happy offspring of the same most enlightened author, which, just as the
former ones, is composed with elegant taste and in laconic style, and with
so much piety and wisdom that it deserves especially the notice of all
persons ; and therefore I do adjudge it very worthy of being put in print
for public use. Given at Prague, 18 Nov. .1755. (Official signature.)
Let it be printed. (Another official signature.)
The chronograms commence with * De Deo uno et trino.'
Page 3. a natIVItate JesU ChrIstI saLVatorIs nostrI,
MILLe, septIes CentenI, qVInqVagInta qVatUor InChoant
annI: sIt honor et gLorIa soLI CceLI, et terrjE regI ! = 1754
i.e. The years now number 1754 from the nativity of Jesus Christ our
Saviour: To the only king of heaven and earth be glory and honour.
CanCer
ChronographI Ce,
AT
RETROGRADE, aC LENTE
InCeDens,
ET
non profICIens
*
ChronographICa OFFERT.
sIC rIDe, DefLe et ea CorrIge
LeCtor pr^CLare!
Pragae, apud Francifcum Carolum Hladky, Archi-Epifcopalem Typographum.
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC 431
o sanCta trInItasI te DICtare, sCrIbere, pr«DICare,
Cantare, et honorare aUgUstInUs optat, si VIVere posset:
Verba hmC Cor eXpresserat eJUs. = 1754
i.e. O Holy Trinity ! Saint Augustine, if perchance he could be alive,
wishes to declare, to write, to preach, praise, and honour thee : these
words his heart had expressed,
VIsItetUr A. te DeUs habItatIo Ista, CUnCt^qVe tenta-
tIones hostIs LoNGfe peLLantUr, beatI angeLI habItent In
ea, protegentes nos, et tUa sanCta beneDICtIo sIt Con-
stanter super nos ! =1754
i.e. May this house be visited by thee, O God, and may all temptations
of the enemy be driven far away. May the blessed angels dwell therein,
protecting us ; and may Thy holy blessing be always upon us I
qVI VIVIs et regnas UnUs DeUs, gLorIose reX per
perpetUa SjeCULa, aMen. = 1754
i.e. Who livest and reignest one God, King in glory for ever. Amen.
The author proceeds to declare in chronograms the attributes of
God, and at page 6 he gives this prayer to be used prior to study —
'Oratio ante stadia,' aUthor IneffabILIs! qVI k thesaUro
sapIentIjE tres angeLICas l hYerarChIas annotAstI, et
taLes sUper CoeLos sIngULarI orDIne LoCAstI, et partes
totIUs DIstrIbUIstI : = 1754
tUI qVI VerUs fons LVCIs, et InfInIt*: sapIentLe
appeLLarIs, et CeLsa orIgo: fUnDe sUper InteLLeCtUs
nostrI tenebras, raDIos CharItatIs, = 1754
bInas, In qVIbUs natI sUMUs, A nobIs aUferens tenebras,
peCCata sCILICet, et IgnorantIas ; qVI LIngVas InfantILes
faCIs esse LoqVentes, = 1754
LIngVas nostras erVDIas, atqVe propItIUs In LabIIs
nostrIs, sUperqUe nos gratIas tUa beneDICtIonIs benIgn^
InfUnDas: = 1754
faC nos InteLLIgentIA aCUtos, retInentIA aptos, Interpre-
tatIone sUbtILes, DoCILItate faCILes, eLoqVentIA sVaVes,
JUstos, sapIentes, atqVe prUDentes : = 1754
IngressUs InstrUas, progressUs DIrIgas, egressUsqVe per-
fICIas! per VIsCera JesU, qVI perpetU6 regnat: aMen. = 1754
Le. A prayer before study. — Ineffable Author I who from the treasury
of wisdom hast ordained three angelic hierarchies, and hast placed them
in excellent order over the heavens, and hast distributed them in all parts
of the universe; \ Thou/ the true fountain of light, who art called the
lofty source of infinite wisdom : pour down the rays of love upon the
darkness of our understanding, \ Taking away from us the twofold
darkness. in which we were born, namely, our sins and ignorances ; who
1 Here the letter Y counts = 1.
432 CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC.
makest the tongues of infants to speak, \ Thou who canst instruct our
tongues, and canst favourably pour into our lips, and canst kindly pour
upon us, the graces of thy blessing: \ Make us sharp in understanding,
apt to retain, skilful to interpret, easily teachable, delightful in eloquence,
just, wise, and prudent : \ Prepare our beginnings, direct our progress,
make perfect our exits I By the 'bowels' ({ tender mercies9) of Jesus, who
reigns for ever. Amen.
After some other prayers, and invocations to the Eucharistic sacra-
ment and the Virgin Mary, the author proceeds to notice the saints,
and devotes to them 92 pages and 828 chronograms ; among them
are two saints of his own nation, Saint Wenceslaus, king of Bohemia,
and Saint John of Nepomuk. A hymn to the former commences
with the following sentence at page 32 : — gLorIose VVbnCesLae
reX regnI CzeChI.*:, DUX egregIe, pIe, gratIose, et zeLose
patrIjB nostrje! oratIones pro nobIs offer Deo spIrItUI
sanCto: ChrIste eLeIson. = 1754
i.e. O glorious Wenceslaus, king of the ' Czechs,'1 most eminent, pious,
gracious, and zealous leader of our country / offer up for us prayers to
God the holy spirit : O Christ, supplicate for us.
The prayer to the other saint is in two sentences at page 38 : —
sanCte Joannes seCretI saCrjb ConfessIonIs CUstos, et bothjr
faMje patrone ! qVILIbet saCras tVas reLIqVIas et ossa,
pro VeneratIone habere ferVenter eXoptat, speratqVe, = 1754
sUsCIpe, et aCCepta k DeVotIs CLIentIbUs tUIs Vota,
et Dona pit tIbI obLata: aC oratIone tUa, Ut jETERNfe
beatI fIant, eIs proCUra, et GRATlosfc protege Ipsos ! =1754
i.e. O holy John, the keeper of the secrets of sacred confession, patron of
good reputations / whosoever he be that desires and hopes to have in
veneration thy sacred relics and bones, \ raise him up, and receive the
vows and gifts piously offered to thee by thy devoted followers ; and pro-
cure for them by thy prayer that they may become eternally blessed, and
do thou graciously protect them.
Another prayer to Saint Wenceslaus is in these words at page 40 : —
sanCte WenCesLab MartYr,2 et CzeChLe reX ! gLorIose !
nobILIs, InferIorIs, opULentI, et paUperIs, proteCtor, et
PATRONE! IN GRATIA SERVa PATRlOTAS TU-ffi, ET NOSTRiE PATRIAE
TERRiE. = 1754
eLeVa nos VIrtUtIbUs, qVas Ipse eXerCUeras, obeDIentIa,
hUMILItate, et patIentIa. = 1754
A peste faMe, et beLLo gratIosA sInt DefensI CLIentes! = 1754
et post DeposIta terrena MerItIs faC eos CceLo
potIentes. = 1754
i.e. O holy martyr Wenceslaus, king of the c Czechs /n gloriously noble /
the protector and patron of the lowly, the rich, and the poor I keep in
favour thy fellow-countrymen and ours. \ Elevate us by those virtues
1 The ancient Bohemian or Sclavonian people. 9 The letter Y counts = 1.
CANCER CBRONOGRAPHIck, ETC 4J3
which thou hast assumed, obedience, humility, and patience. \ From
plague, famine, and war, may thy followers be graciously defended! \
And after their earthly trusts, cause them to enjoy their deservings in
heaven.
Having finished with the saints, the author notices other religious
subjects. At page 120, ' De Doctrina fidei ;* at page 132, ' De sacra
scriptural at page 139, ' De sententiis moralibus sive proverbus;'
until at page 142 we reach 'De defunctis/ and find the first mention
of some one of the author's relatives —
In paCe sInt Charge anIMjE fIDeLes, = 1754
CceLestIs regnI JaM CertI hlereDes : = 1754
LargIre ! pIa Matre DeI preCes faCIente, = 1754
et LIbera anIMas DesoLatas, taLI preCatIone potente = 1754
ChrIste! gratIaM IpsIs Larg^ Dona, aC PRiEBE: = 1754
tIbI Constanter Dent honores, et te aDorent JETERNfc In
CceLestI seDe. = 1754
anna CatharIna CoMItIssa A sVVeerts, et sporCk, In
festIVItate beatI petrI CceLestInI, et beatI IVonIs, plfe
obIVIt LIssjE. reqVIesCat In perpetUa paCe! = 1754
i.e. May all dear faithful souls be in peace, \ now sure heirs of the
heavenly kingdom; \ bestow thy bounty I for the sake of the prayers of
the pious mother of God, \ and make us desolate souls free, through such
powerful prayer \ O Christ / bestow largely thy grace to them, and offer
it : I May they always give honour to thee, and for ever adore thee in the
heavenly abode.
Anna Catharina, Countess of Sweerts and Sporck, died piously at
Zissa, on the festival of the blessed Peter Celestine (19th May), and of '
the blessed Ivo (?). May she rest in eternal peace.
The author passes on, and at page 144 commences historical
and miscellaneous subjects, devoting to them 97 pages, and 905
chronograms ; and in lighter language than he has hitherto used, he
thus addresses his patron —
Longa, Lata, et profUnDa offero tIbI beneVoLe faUtor !
eLIge qVmqVje sUnt In hIs, et si oMnIa Vis, ea qVoqVe
habebIs. = 1754
si fUnICULUs teMporIs CUrsU sUo LongUs apparet,
hUnC pLICa In partes bInas, et FACILfe breVIor erIt; = 1754
si Ver6 breVIs est, et LongUM eXoptas, qVje, pLICAstI,
rUrsUs eXtenDe. = 1754
si spatIa tIbI fUerInt nIMIs Lata, eXpeDIt, Ut tIbI
angULos QUiERAS, aC InIbI VIVas: = i754
at si Latebras angUstas VItare optas, te naVIgatIonI
eXpone, et eXCUrre In LatItUDInes MarIs! = 1754
si qVIs In InferIorIbUs habItare neqVIt, potIUs Montes
asCenDat, et InIbI L^etUs bonA aUrA frUatUr In aLtIs:= 1754
si Ver6 eX soLItarIa VIta In aLtIs TiEDIo satUr fUerIt,
Is rUrsUs reDeat aD VaLLes. = 1754
31
1
434 CANCER CHRONOGRAPHlCk, ETC.
posIto In profUnDo fontIs haUstro, hoC eXtrahe sUrsUM,
Ut In sItI tUa aqVa reCentI potarI possIs: = 1754
In tUrrIbUs per VItra, atqVe VarIos tUbos VastItates
k Longe VIDentUr, IbI CaMpan^, et horoLogIa sonant. = 1754
In fUtUrIs ContIngentIbUs VIX habetUr DeterMInata
VerItas, qVIa InCerta est. = 1754
LaUs eXCessIVe eXaLtata MaLe est CoLLoCata, qVIa
non VaLet; potIVs pLane non fUIsset proLata. = 1754
aLIqVIs ab aLtero argUebatUr, qV6D faLsa garrIet;
fateor, Is reponIt: qVIa non es DIgnUs tantIs, Ut te
LaUDaVI. = 1754
i.e. I offer to thee, my benevolent patron, long, wide, and profound con-
siderations, I take whatever of them you choose, and if you desire all you
shall have them. \ If the cord of time seems long in its course, twist and
double it, and it will easily be shorter ; \ if indeed it be short, and you
desire length, extend again that which you have twisted. \ If your rooms
should be too wide, it is good that you seek the angles and live in them ; \
but if you wish to avoid narrow hiding-places, devote yourself to naviga-
tion, and go forth in the wide breadth of the sea! \ If one is unwilling
to inhabit a low country, let him rather ascend the mountains, and there
let him cheerfully enjoy the good air on high ; \ if, however, he shall
have become sated with weariness through his solitary life on high, let
JUm return again to the valley. \ Your machine (pump) being placed in a
deep spring, draw up through it, so that when thirsty you may drink
of freshly drawn water. \ On towers, by means of glasses and various
sorts of tubes, places may be seen a long way off, and there also clocks and
bells do sound. \ In future contingencies truth can scarcely be held as
determined, because the subject is still uncertain. \ Too high praise is a
bad investment because it is inoperative, better surely that it should not
have been offered. | One man was censured by another because he chattered
untruly ; I confess, replied he, you are not worthy of such things as I
praised you for.
The author then proceeds to relate some funny little stories,
* Serio-jocosae narratiunculae,' which are fairly represented by the
following examples —
Page 154. Certe SiEPE, et InIMICI proDesse soLent. = 1754
antIsthenes VoLebat, Ut attenta eXperIentIa habeatUr,
qVm InIMICI De nobIs sentIant, atqVe LoqVantUr; = 1754
qVIa UtI A. serpentIbUs aCerbIs InsIgnIa sjEPE reMeDIa:
Ita parIter ab hostIbUs UtILIa eXpetere nobIs VaLet. = 1754
InsIpIens est f>eMIna faLse ornata, et Caret DeCore. = 1754
IntUens aLIqVIs ornatUs pUeLL^e, pLUM^e Isra, DIXIt,
PRiETlOSlORES SUNT IPSA AVE. = 1 754
etsI eqVUs fUerIt frgeno DeaUrato eXornatUs, nIL Certe
MeLIor fUtUrUs est. = 1754
i.e. Often indeed even enemies are wont to be useful. \ Antisthenes wished
that tried experience might be attained, which [would shoid\ what our
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC. 435
enemies may think and say ; \ because extraordinary remedies are to be
got from venomous serpents ; \ and thus also it is advantageous to us
to seek for useful things among enemies. \ A woman falsely adorned is
silly , and wants ornament. \ Some one, observing the attire of a young
woman, said, The feathers are more precious than the bird itself \
Although a horse may be ornamented with a gilded bridle, he will be
the better for it not a whit
Page 176. A pIsCe pasCI, aC pasCere pIsCeM, hoC s^epe
ContIngere soLet. = 1754
negotiator In oCeano naVIgans, JaCtatIone naVIs naUseA
CreatA eX stoMACho pIsCes, qVIbUs VesCebatUr, eJeCerat;= i 754
CUI eX astantIbUs, bene gratUs es, aIt: qVI pIsCes A
qVeIs totIes pastUs es, parI M0D0 nUtrIs. = 1754
i.e. To be fed by fish, and to feed the fishes, are two things closely allied. \
A merchant on a voyage being sick through the motion of the ship, ejected
from his stomach the fish that he had eaten ; \ one of the bystanders said,
You are indeed grateful ; with the fish you have so frequently fed on, you
in like manner nourish the fishes.
The author thus propounds many a maxim, and points them off
with anecdote from classical or recent history, or an occasional
amusing story; he then changes his subject, and pronounces an
eulogy on a great number of illustrious persons, commencing with
Pope Clement vi., c Gloria universitatis PragenaV at
Page 254. CLeMens seXtUs hIC appeLLatUr, et VIrtUs
eJUs pIetatIs hoC tItULo reCtf, sIgnIfICatUr. = 1754
et qVIa LaUDabILIter, gLorIos^qVe VIXIt, In rebUs gestIs
DIgnI: LaUDatUr, etc. etc. =1754
i.e. He is called Clement the Sixth, his virtue and piety are rightly
signified by the title : \ and because he lived laudably and gloriously, he
will be worthily praised in the things he has done.
The Emperor Charles iv. comes next. The Emperor Leopold 1.
soon follows at
Page 262. LeopoLDo prIMo CesarI eLogIa fIant! = 1754
hUC IgItUr Vota ! hUC ChronographICa VenIte ! tItULos,
appLaUsUs, atqVe enCoMIa CanIte IpsI ! = 1754
LeopoLDUs aLpha ! aUstrI^e, et eJUs aUgUsive gentIs
pretIosUs UnIo ! aVItje, et patern^e stIrpIs gLorIa !
ferDInanDeje pIetatIs effIgIes ! = 1754
LeopoLDUs patrLe pater ; oCULUs teVtonIC^ gentIs ;
benIgnItatIs et pIetatIs pUpILLa, qVa regna gaUDent,
ChrIstIanI orbIs obeLIsCUs; = 1754
hIC feLICItate eXCeLsUs A sanCto prIMo atqVe feLICIano
sUos nataLes orsUs est, Ut aUgUrIa prosperItatIs haberet,
etc. etc. = 1754
i.e, Let eulogies be made to Leopold 1. 1 \ hither therefore with our offer-
436 CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC.
ings ! come hither ye chronograms and sing his titles, his applauses, and
encomiums ! \ Leopold the ' alpha ' (A) 0/ Austria, the valued union of
his august nation ! the glory of his ancestral and paternal lineage! the
image of the piety of Ferdinand! \ Leopold, the father of his country : the
eye of the Teutonic nation ; the pupil {of the eye) of kindness and piety
wherein kingdoms rejoice, the obelisk of the Christian world; \ He, high
in felicity, took his natal day from Saints Primus and Felicianus (the
gthjune), so that he might have an augury of prosperity. The original,
not here transcribed, continues thus — Among the Lions (Leones) scarcely
was one stronger than Leopold, who could by right and by law govern
and reign on the throne of the empire. He shines as the sun among the
planets ; so among the Leopolds of the noble Austrian lineage, Leopold
glitters by his own virtue.
The Empress Maria Theresia is highly praised at page 288 —
MarIa theresIa ! In arDUo VIrtUs : qVm eX Integro
sUperaVIt hostILIa beLLI fLUenta. = 1754
CoLUMBA EST, qVjE RETULlT ARCiE CZECHMM GLORlOSiE paCIs
oLIVas, serVaVItqVe qVIetjE prosperItatIs JUra. == 1754
pharUs tUta, et fortVnata est, UbI resIDet resIstentIa
fortIs, si VenIant, et assUrgant tUrbInes MarIs, atqVe
fUrentes PRoCELLiE. = 1754
paLLas UnIVersItatIs pragensIs est, qVIa DoCtrInas In ea
aUget, Ut IgnorantLe tenebras noVIs sapIentI/e arMIs
eXstIrpet, etc. etc. = 1754
i.e. Maria Theresia ! virtue in difficult circumstances; who again over-
came the hostile floods of war. \ She is the dove who brought back the olive
branch of glorious peace to the Czech (Bohemian) ark, and preserved the
rights of quiet prosperity. \ She is a safe and fortunate beacon, where
there is safe resistance if the whirlpools of the sea and furious storms
should approach. \ She is the Mineiva of the University of Prague, she
increases learning in it, she eradicates the darkness of ignorance by the
new weapons of wisdom, etc. etc.
A certain excellent doctor of medicine named Low or Low is
greatly eulogised at page 301, under the figurative appellation of Leo,
a lion, following the German word for that so-called noble animal.
MeDICI LeonIs eLogIa Lege! = 1754
DoCtorIs In Lege prjESEntIa enCoMIa n£ tege! =s 1754
fortIs est, si qVIs sCIt graVes Morbos CUrare : fortIs,
si sCIt pestIs InfeCtIones VItare: fortIs, si sCIt pro se,
et iEGROTls herbas parare : fortIs, si sCIt sanos serVare:
fortIs, si noVIt patIentes In spe roborare, et gratIosI:
reCreare. = 1754
fortIs parIter est, si sCIt JUs CUIqVe trIbUere : fortIs,
si sCIt VIDUas, et pUpILLos protegere: fortIs, si sCIt
Dona, et pcenas erogare : fortIs, si sCIt t ferIs agnos
faCere; = 1754
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC 437
Is CzeChICUs Leo est, toga In sYrMate bICeps, UtrIUsqVe
LegIs professor, sCIens qVa eXpertUs bonas ConseqVentIas
prjEstare. = 1754
ItaqVe VIrtUtes, et artes IpsIUs, nobILIs eqVItIs ab
erLsfeLD tItULo et honore, reMUneratjb fUerUnt. = 1754
DIVItes et paUperes pro necessitate bon^ saLUtIs Magna
aUXILIa IpsIUs erant eXpertI. = 1754
hUJUs CUrA aC operA anno MILLeno, septIes Centeno, bIs
qVInto et qVarto, pestIfera LUes In patrIjE, et regnI
nostrI terrIs grassans feLICIter est eXtInCta. =a 1754
prjbCLarUs hIC arChIater faCULtatI sILe qVater, qVA
UnIVersItatIs pragen^ reCtor MagnIfICUs pr^fUIt. = 1754
MerItIs, et senIo ConfeCtUs, LIbItIn^ pro tot, qVot faLCI
IpsIUs erIpUIt, Ipse UnUs Longa sILe jEtate ContentUs,
LIbenter CessIt. = 1754
Ita eXUerat noMen LeonIs, non Ver6 fortes VIrtUtes,
qVI peLLes sUas oVInas LIbItInjb patIenter Donarat. = 1754
anno DeCIes septIes Centeno, VIgeno qVInto, In InItIo
MartII: seneX In theorIa, atqVe praXI perItUs. = 1754
t\e. Read ye the eulogy of a medical Lion I \ Do not hide the present
praise of a Doctor in Law I \ He is strong who knows how to cure
great diseases ; who knows how to avoid the infection of the plague ; who
knows how to prepare herbs for himself and for the sick; who knows
how to preserve the healthy ; to strengthen with hope the patient, and
restore gratuitously. \ He is equally strong who knows how to give each
man his right due; who knows how to protect the widows and children,
and to appropriate rewards and punishments, to take the lamb from the
wild beast : \ He is the Lion of the Czechs {Bohemians), two-headed in
the long robe, the professor of both kinds of law, learned, knowing how
professionally to bring good results. \ TJierefore his virtues and his skill
were rewarded with the title and honour of noble knight of Erlsfeld. \
The rich and poor in their necessity for good health experienced his great
help. I By his care and assistance in the year 17 14 the plague raging in
the country and in the lands of our kingdom was extinguished. \ He was
four times the renowned chief physician of his Faculty, in which he pre-
sided as the distinguished Rector of the University of Prague. \ Full
of years and honours, he himself as one content with long life, freely
yielded it to Libitina [the goddess of funerals] in exchange for so many
lives he snatched from her sickle. \ Thus he put off the name of Lion, but
not indeed his strong virtues, he who had patiently given his sheep-skins
to Libitina (?) I In the year 1725, on the 1st of March, being old
in science and skilled in action.
Many curious subjects must be passed over. At page 316 we find
mention of the things to be on your guard against, ' cavenda ' —
CaVe tIbI : A ChYMICo paUpere : ab arChIatro jEGRoto : A
sCeLestI VIrI sUbItanea Ira : aC A stULto Insano, ft VeXIs
IrrItato; = 1754
1
43* CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC.
ab oDIo potentIs : A faLsIs fratrIbUs : A Cane, qVI sIne
strepItU serVIt : ab hoMIne, qVI non LoqVItUr, et sensUI
PROPRlO InHjERET: s= 1754
k fUrIbUs et eorUM sorte: k noVa popIna: k rIXIs
noCtUrnIs : A strIge annosa : ab opInIone arbItrI : k
DUbItatIone arChIatrI: = 1754
k reCIpe apotheCarII : at etC^tera notarII : A perVersItate
VetUL* : AB InUtILI fLetU, PLANCTUQVE iNANl InVETERATjE
MeretrICIs: = 1754
A faLsItate negotIatorIs : A fUre DoMestICo : A serVa qVjE
In serVItIa reVertIt: A fUrore tUrbjE atqVe popULI. = 1754
i.e. Beware of a poor chemist; a sick physician ; the sudden anger of a
wicked man; and of a fool insane and provoked by troubles ; \ Of the
hatred of a powerful man ; of false brethren; of a dog that watches
without barking; of a man that does not speak and adheres to his own
reasoning; \ Of thieves and all of their lot ; of a new cook-shop; of
nocturnal quarrels ; of an old screech-owl (quitch ?) ; of the opinion of an
umpire ; of the hesitation of your physician ; \ Of the recipe of an
apothecary ; of the et-cetera of a notary ; of the perversity of an old
woman; of the useless lamentation and empty wailing of an inveterate
harlot; \ Of the falsity of a tradesman ; of a domestic thief ; of a female
servant who returns to servitude ; of the fury of the mob and of the
people.
The author is severe on the fair sex in the matter of beauty,
devoting 7 pages and 63 chronograms to the subject, ' De pulchritu-
dine/ fairly viewed from opposite points, thus —
fjeMInjE si fIDas tUa seCreta, breVI taLIa patefIent,
sUbVertentUr, rUentqVe Ut fragILIa VItra. = 1754
FiEMlNiE PliE SAPlENTES HONESTY ET BELLjE, SERENE
spLenDent Instar steLLas. = 1754
negotIa In ManIbUs pUELLiE sUnt qVasI tenerI fLores,
sIVe aVes, qVIbUs Infans LUDIt. = 1754
seXUs FiEMlNlUs In negotIIs orDInarIIs, qVm Intra
prIVatos parIetes agItantUr, IngenIosos ConCeptUs habet.= 1754
i.e. If you should trust your secrets to a woman, they will soon be
published and perverted; they will come to ruin like a fragile glass. \
Women who are pious, wise, honest, and beautiful, shine serenely like
stars. I Business affairs in the hands of a girl, arex as it were, tender
flowers, or birds with which a child plays. \ The female sex, in
ordinary affairs of business which are managed tvithin their own houses,
possess a clever understanding.
Instruction in great variety abounds in the next fifty pages for
those who are fond of the antiquated method of teaching by maxims
and proverbs. In the present day, the subject, although curious, is
doubtless tedious, even in chronogram, so we pass on to page 373,
where a fact, indeed almost a secret, awaits the observation of a
careful reader, the name of, and a few particulars concerning the
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC 439
author. A careless bookbinder might have exercised his propensity
for excessive cropping and shaving the edges, and so have destroyed
the two words, * De authore,' which stand as a marginal note to direct
the reader's attention to the only mention of the authorship of the
work. It stands thus in the outer margin of the original print —
Joannes rUDoLphUs sporCk natUs est In Urbe pragensI, i
baptIzatUsqVe A. reLJgIoso InstItUtI rosarIanI, VIgena et
septenA MartII, = 1754
anno MILLeno seXIes Cento sUpraqVe nonagInta qVInto,
In festo sanCtI rUpertI epIsCopI saLIsbUrgensIs baVarje,
aC norIGe gentIs apostoLI: = 1754
progenItUs eX parentIbUs qVI fU£re, ferDInanDUs pater
apoLLonIa genItrIX, stIrpIs De sporCk. = 1754
nUnC CrUX seXta prjBterItos annos sIgnIfICat. De hoC
arborIs LIgno pater ^ternUs nobIs peregrInIs pontes pro
VIa PATRliE CeLestIs jeDIfICet. == 1754
DeUs PRiESTET rUDoLpho! Vt VIVat pro gLorIa DeI; et
parentIbUs LUX fULgeat jeterna! =1754
JesUs fILIUs iETERNl patrIs Ista LargIatUr ! MarIa,
Joseph, Joannes, atqVe rUDoLphUs gLorIosI patronI Ista
eXorent ! = 1754
i.e. Concerning the author of the book.— John Rudolph Sporck was born
in the city of Prague, and was baptized by a * religious ' (a professed
member) of the institute of the Rosary on the 2*j)h of March \ in the
year 1695, | on the festival of Saint Rupert, Bishop of Salzburg, the
apostle of the Noric and Bavarian nation ; \ Born of parents who were,
Ferdinand his fatlur, Apollonia his mot/ter, of the lineage of
Sporck. I Now the sixth1 cross signifies the years gone by. From this
wood of the tree* may the Eternal Father build for us strangers
bridges as our road to the celestial abodes. \ May God stand before
Rudolph I so that he may live for the glory of God, and that eternal
light may shine on his parents! \ May Jesus, the son of the Eternal
Father, bestow these benefits / May Mary, Joseph, John, also Rudolph,
all glorious patrons, also entreat for them I
On the same page with the foregoing particulars concerning the
author, the ' Fabulae ' commence. This is the first —
rana VoLens et optans esse Magna, Ut granDIs bos sagI-
natUs, Ita sTULxk VoraVerat, qVoUsqVe CrepUIsset. = 1754
i.e. A fable. — A frog, willing and wishing to be great as a fat ox,
foolishly devoured, so that lie burst himself.
In the 78 pages which next follow, we find another series of
adages, anecdotes, histories, and sundry remarks. At page 442 he
thus alludes to the city of Milan, the shrine of St. Carlo Borromeo in
the cathedral, the colossal statue of him which may be seen at the
1 Meaning six times the letter X = 6o years from his birth in 1695 to the date of his
book in 1754. * Meaning the Cross.
44o CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC
present day overlooking Lago Maggiore at Arona, and the supposed
floating islands —
Urbs MeDIoLanensIs Vasta, ossa, atqVe eXUVIas beatI
CaroLI antIstItIs sUI serVat. = 1754
has habet saCra CatheDraLIs eCCLesIa granDIs gothICo
Labore ereCta. = 1754
stat hospltale, id charltas borromiea, peste grass ante,
pro egeno et iegroto fecit. = 1754
IpsIVs pIo eXeMpLo aLIa hospItaLIa sUCCessere, IbI
Corpore ^grotI, In sensU LjesI, In InteLLeCtU tUrbatI
sanantUr. = 1 754
In VICInIa aronje beatI CaroLI borrows artIfICIosa
effIgIes Ingens, UtI tVrrIs ConspICItUr, In statUra
CoLossI eX jERe. = 1754
NON PROCUL ABlNDE HABENTUr iNSULiE BORROMiEiE, sIVe
natantes, qVIa fIXe non stant, at agItantUr, et IrrItat-*
qVasI natant. = 1754
At page 444 the Clementine College at Rome is mentioned,
1 De Collegio Clementino Romae' —
nobILIs et VastUs CoLLegII CLeMentInI ConVICtUs In
Urbe ab aUthore sUo Ita VoCatUr. = 1754
qVIa eJUs aUthor profUsUs benefaCtor, LIberaLIs faUtor,
aC CLarUs patronUs erat papa CLeMens oCtaVUs. = 1754
Is LoCUs est, UbI sCIentIfICa et artes LIberaLes DoCentUr,
atqVe AssIDUfe opera pIetatIs eXCoLUntUr. = 1754
At page 448 the author prepares to take leave of his readers, and
commences by giving thanks for the position to which he has attained,
in the following words —
Gntumiiu gratIas tIbI ago sanCta trInItas ! pro hoC ; qVIa k
a2X3L parentIbUs CathoLICIs nobILIs natUs, et sanCtI,
spIrItUs gratIa In baptIsMate tInCtUs eXIsto. = 1754
qVIa eX InfInIta gratIa atqVe benIgnItate gregI aC ser-
VItIo tUo Me aggregAstI, presbIteraLI, UtI et epIsCopaLI
CharaCtere tIbI ConseCrAstI — = 1754
et benefICIIs atqVe offICIIs spIrItUaLIbUs pro honore
gLorIaqVe tUa CUMULAstI, et CLero tUo asCrIpsIstI. = 1754
In InfIrMItatIbUs aUXILIa porreXIstI, De perICULIs
benIgnI; erUIstI. = 1 754
pro VIta Longa, sanItate, perseVerantIa, proportIone,
nUtrIMento, LIngVa, stUDIo, eXperIentIa, artIs perItIa,
et opIbUs pro neCessItate. = 1754
i.e. The author's acts of thanks. — I offer thanks to thee, O holy Trinity !
for this; because born of Catholic parents of noble birth9 1 exist, washed
by baptism, by the grace of the Holy Spirit, \ Because of thine infinite
grace and kindness, thou hast brought me into thy flock and service, hast
consecrated me to thyself by the priestly and episcopal mark, \ and hast
heaped on me favours and spiritual duties for honour and glory, and
J
CANCER CHRONOGRAPHICk, ETC 441
enrolled me among thy clergy, \ Thou hast extended help to me in my
infirmities, thou hast mercifully plucked me out of dangers. \ For my
long life, health, perseverance, symmetry, nutriment, speech, study, ex-
perience, skill in art, and wealth proportioned to my need [7 offet
thanks'].
The author continues his devout thoughts in chronogram for
another page, and declares this farewell on page 449 —
aMICe, atqVe beneVoLe LeCtor ! eX hIs ChronographICIs
hUJUs annI approba qVm potes, CorrIge pro LIbItU errata,
et VaLe. = 1754
/.*. O, my friend and benevolent reader, out of these chronograms of this
present year (1754), approve of what you can, correct errors at thy
liking, and so farewell
But he has not yet finished. He fills three more pages with
1 Chronographica omissa in prseterito tomo, enarrant res rariores in
bibliotheca et scriniis authoris collectas et contentas.' Thirty chrono-
grams follow, concerning an equal variety of subjects ; and at page
452 the real conclusion is in these words —
In IstIs IgItUr oMnIbUs CreatUrIs honoretUr, atqVe
VeneretUr benIgnUs noster Creator DeUs. = 1753
i.e. Chronograms which have been left out of the foregoing pages of
this volume. They interpret some uncommon things in the library,
picked up and put away in the paper-boxes (' pigeon-holes ') of the author.
The last chronogram is — In all these created things let God, our benig-
nant Creator, be honoured and worshipped.
Here ends the book, a very treasury of thought, fact, and
events, fun and sadness, piety and precept, all put together with
but a slight attempt at arrangement, forwards and backwards : sub-
jects which the author had apparently disposed of in earlier pages
taken up again in later ones, as if in imitation of the irregular pro-
gress of a crab, so prominently and quaintly expressed on the title-
page, and faintly represented in the subjoined ornament.
3*
THE ROSARY.
>NOTHER rare book in the library of the Rev. Walter
Begley has an ornamentally engraved title-page, and
this title in the centre, * Iardim anagrammatico de
divinas flores Lusitanas, Hespanholas, e Latinas contem
••cfcis centos e sitenta & tres Anagrammas emprosa &
verso, & seis hymnos chronologicos, dividese em seis opusculos
nastres linguas consagrase. Ao supremo consehoda sancta & geral
inquisica destes Reynos & Senhorios de Portugal. Autor Alonso
de Alcala y Herrera natural da Inclyta cidade de Lisboa.' (Lisbon,
1654, pp. 306. 40.) l It is the only work I have met with bearing upon
the subject of chronograms, written in the Portuguese language, and
the contents are, without doubt, the most intricate. Anagrams are
a very prominent feature; the foregoing title says there are 683.
Many of them are of unusual length, and one is composed of 233
letters. Some of the anagrams are in sets of ten sentences, each one
being formed out of one and the same program and in chronogram.2
The simple anagrams are mostly in the Portuguese language, the
chron-anagrams are in Latin, the date is made by the usual seven
Roman numeral letters ; in addition to this the author uses all the
small letters of some of the chronogram sentences to produce an
appropriate numerical result, by means of their value according to
the old Greek or Latin alphabetical method of numeration, in which
1 I do not know of any other copy of the work than this one now mentioned. It is to
be inferred that the author was a merchant at Lisbon, and that his service done to the
cause of religion by the publication of the work was highly esteemed by the clergy.
3 The term chron-anagram is applied to such compositions ; they are not uncommon as
single or double versions, but the present examples of ten made on one ' program ' are pro-
bably unparalleled.
THE ROSARY. 443
all the letters are used as numerals. Some of the chronogram
sentences are composed so that the number of letters therein should
have some special significance, and with this purpose before him
the author has adopted the Rosary of the Virgin Mary as his theme
throughout the work. The words ' rose ' and ' rosary ' constantly
occur, and the number of beads of which it is composed (he says
165) is used to regulate the number of letters or lines, either as an
integral or in sub-divisions of 10 or 5. For instance, hymns con-
tain 165 letters and 10 lines; the 'mysteries' are arranged in series
of 5 each with three more, to the number of 63, corresponding to the
age of the Virgin Mary ; the number 5 also represents the number of
letters in the names JESUS, MARIA, JOSEP (not counting the final
letter h). It seems that the author wrote or commenced his work
in the 'happy* year 1651 ; the 165 beads of the rosary are a tenth
part of that number. The 620 simple anagrams (not properly
belonging to my subject) are combined with many intricate allu-
sions to the rosary, to the saints and to the martyrs. Taken as a
whole, the book presents a marvellous example of patience and
ingenuity, while every page contains expressions of the devotional
feeling of the author towards the received beliefs of the Roman
Catholic Church.
As regards the chronograms they do not compare well with good
standard compositions ; they are too diffuse, they contain too many
words having no numeral letter, they do not mark the date of any
event other than the period when the author composed his work.
I do not mention these defects to disparage the chronograms, because
the author explains the singular use he makes of the apparently idle
words, and that he always employs five out of the seven numeral
letters to illustrate the more frequently his mystical number 5, while
it is obvious that by rarely using the remaining two numeral letters
D and M, he avoids bringing his chronogram to an early conclusion
when he requires a verbose sentence.
Some of the tailpieces and ornaments in the original print are
rough woodcuts representing flowers and roses, further illustrating
the leading idea of the rosary. With this partial description of the
work I proceed to extract such portions as are appropriate to my
particular subject of chronograms. The explanations printed in
italics on the next and following pages are derived from the Latin
original of the author.
444
THE ROSARY.
*T"^HE work is divided into several parts or sections ; passing over
X those which are unchronogrammatic, the 4th part, 'Quarto
Opusculo,' is reached at page 183; it bears this title, — 'Hymnodia
chronologica Jesu, Marias, et Joseph Trinitati Orbis dicata. Pariter,
et chronologica trium et sexaginta Anagrammatum Corona ipsimet
Hymnodiae literis contexta Deiparae Rosarii Virgini Caelorum Reginae
consecrata.'
The first chronogram is at p. 193, under this title —
Hymnodia chronologica.
Instar Sylvae Oratio, seu Hymnus ad Deiparam Sacratissimi Rosarii.
In this first hymn the crown s aLVe ara trIna,
rosarII saCra regIna,
ET SPES nostra:
PORTA, ET PARENS VERlTATlS
MONS, ET ARBOR PlETATlS,
pVrItatIs FONS, ET ROSA
nos tVere ab HOSTE,
tVrrIs portentosa,
A CVnCtIs perICVLIs,
LIbera gLorIosa.
et cadentiis
of Christ is woven in 10 verses >
and 165 letters {which last
number is one-tenth part of the
then present year^ the date of
the work 1 65 1 ) and agrees with
the number of beads in the
Rosary of the Virgin Mary.
The 32 Roman numerals
make the year 1651.
Alius ad Deiparam hymnus, ipsis consonantibus
contextus.
This second hymn consists of
1 o verses and 172 letters. The
rosary of the Virgin is repre-
sented {as in theforegoinghymn)
by 165, the remaining 7 repre-
sent the seven sad and joyful
mysteries of Saint Joseph.
The 32 Roman numerals
make the year 165 1.
= 1651
aVe Mare et aVLa trIna
PRiESTANS PARENS, AC REGlNA,
et arbor nostra.
arCa, et honor VerjtatIs,
aVra et ara pIetatIs,
CglLI et pVrItatIs rosa.
NOS ROSARII ab HOSTE,
VIrgo portentosa,
et orbIs perICVLIs
>= 1651
PROTEGE GLOAlOSA.
Alius ad ipsam Virginem.
This third hymn consists of
8 verses and 114 letters % which
are thus distributed —
33 The age of Jesus Christ ;
The age of the Virgin
Mary;
In honour of the mysteries
of the rosary ;
In reverence to the three
persons, fesus, Maryland
Joseph.
The 29 Roman numerals
make the year 1651.
63
3
114
aVe soL, et VIrgo,
trIna CceLI porta,
rosarII regIna,
fons et spes nostra.
soLVe VInCLa reIs,
profer IesV bona,
Vt per te saLVtIs
CoroneMVr gLorIa.
►= 1651
THE ROSARY.
445
55
£33
aVe CceLI porta pIa,
LVCIs aVLa, paCIs VIa,
AVE SPONSA jETERNI PATRls,
SOROR PARENS IesV FRATRls
rosarII saCra regIna
gratIa protege nos trIna
faVe LargItate MatrIs.
Alius hymnus ad Deiparam ipsam,
Thisfourthhymnconsists off
verses j io andg times that num-
ber of letters = 133, of which —
15 In the first verse are in
reverence to the mysteries
of the rosary ;
In observance of the third
part of the same rosary ;
The age of the Virgin
Mary.
The 32 numeral letters make
the year 1651.
Alius ad ipsam Dominam ipsis consonantibus, seu cadentiis ornatus,
This fifth hymn consists of 7
verses and 20 times that num-
ber of letter* = 140, which are
thus appropriated —
55 To the third part of the ro-
saryof "the Virgin Mary;
63 To her age;
15 To thrice the mysteries of
the rosary ;
7 In reverence to the mysteries
of Joseph and at the same
time to the years of the
— exile of him and the holy
*4° family in Egypt.
The 27 numeral letters make
the year 1651.
Alius hymnus ad D. Joseph, sponsum virginis Mariae.
This sixth hymn, consisting saLVe VIr, et pater
= 1651
aVe aVe VIrgo pIa,
gLorIjE fons, honor et VIa.
aVe sponsa, et fILIa patrIs,
soror nostra, et parens
fratrIs y= 1 65 1
aVe rosarII regIna,
gratIa absterge nos DeI
trIna
foVe pIetate MatrIs.
of 12 lines and 180 letters, is
happily enriched and dedicated
to the Virgin, Jesus, and Joseph;
of these letters —
15 In the first line are in re-
verence to the rosary of the
mysteries of the Virgin,and
1 65 In the remaining 11 lines
are to her, as well as to the
rosary of Jesus, herself,
1 80 and her husband.
CVIVs VIrga, et fLatVs
VIrgInIs ConsortIo
foVet honoratVs.
Ioseph IesV gregIs
pastor es notatVs
■HONOR, ET SPONSiE,
iETERNb PARATVS.
qVI A patrIs fILIo
PATER ES VoCATVs,
faC Vt Dona patrIs
= 1651
Donet nobIs natVs.
In the first 2 lines there are 33 letters, the age of Christ himself- In
the $th, $th, nth, and nth lines (as in the 1st) there are 15 letters
(leaving out the letter h), each line pointing to the 15 mysteries of the
rosary. The 42 numeral letters make the year 1651.
1
446
THE ROSARY.
The idea of the rosary is followed in the arrangement of the fifth
part of the work 'Quinto opuscule,' which commences at page 199,
and bears this title —
' Chronologica trium et sexaginta anagrammatum Corona Deiparae
rosarii Virginis, pro numero annorum beatificae, ac gloriosae aetatis
suae, ipsiusmet hymnorum Uteris concinnata.'
(There are six hymns composed in chronogram, each in turn is
taken as the ' program ' of ten chron-anagrams, making the number
sixty ; then the first hymn is repeated, from which are composed three
more chron-anagrams, making in all sixty-three, the age of the Virgin
Mary, and all producing the year 1651. The number of the five
mysteries of the joys, griefs, and glories, is interwoven in the arrange-
ment, and acrostic initial letters are used, introducing the names
Jesus, Maria, Joseph.)
Hymnus primus.
saLVe ara trIna,
rosarII saCra regIna,
et spes nostra:
PORTA, ET PARENS VERlTATlS,
MONS, ET ARBOR PlETATlS,
PVRlTATlS FONS, ET ROSA
NOS tVere AB HOSTE,
tVrrIs PORTENTOSA,
A CVnCtIs perICVLIs,
LIBERA GLORlOSA.
(The ten chronograms following are anagrams on this first hymn,
and so throughout the whole series of hymns which afterwards follow.
Observe the acrostic arrangement of the initial letters.)
Quinque incipiunt Gaudiorum Mysteria.
>= 1651
Incarnatio
iesu
risti.
Visitatio
B. Virpnis
Mans.
3.
Nativitas
Domini
nostri
I.
IesV ChrIstI parens, pVrItatIs rosa, saLVe. tV rosarII
gLorIa, per tot rosas, tot oratIones tVas nos, CVnCta
nostra a terrore libera : spes nostras, per incarnatlonem
fILII reparatas, sVb pIetate absterge. = 1651
2.
Es regIna nostra, ter CLara rosarII porta, spes, ter grata
ROSA. FONS NOSTER SaLVe. TV PER VIslTATlONlS LABORES,
CharItate nos VIsIta: tota nostra pete: et ab oMnIbVs
repara perICVLIs spIrItVs-sanCtI rore. = 1651
3-
spes nostra, tVrrIs sanCta pVrItatIs, per natIVItateM
ChrIstI CLara, et speCIosa, ora pro nobIs. 0 VIrgo
rosarII gLorIa, nos, et nostra LIbera, repara, Vt et
IesVs spes nostras, fe terra natas LIbenter foVeat, = 165 1
r
THE ROSARY,
447
Purifcado ^T pVrIfICatIo tVa (spIrItVs-sanCtI aVrora, et sponsa)
Deiparae. | SANA SlT NOBls sCeLerVM PVRGATlO, ET G RAT I A NOS LENlTER
roret, pete, et ora pro nobis hera, et rosa nostra, a
perICLIs atratIs seras res nostras LIbera. = 165 1
Recesses
Jesu
pueri.
6.
Oratio
et sudor
sanguinis
in bona
8.
Jesus
spinis
coronatus.
-9-
Jesus
cruce
oppressus.
xo.
Jesus
crucifixus.
Soror nostra, CLara regIna trInItatIs es tVrrIs, ara
PARATA, HORTVS: PVER IesVS EST ROSA: A TE TeMpLo
reCessIt: A te postea, IbI InVentVs est. Vt nobIs pro
peCCatIs non absIt, rora gratIa pLena rosarII fLores.=
Mysteria quinque
Dolorosa.
8.
1651
Mare pVrItatIs, Casta, nostra, aLba IesV rosa, ne
CerberVs InfernaLIs raptor, nos, et nostra tVrbet et
arrIpIat: oCVLIs aspICe pIetatIs per saLVatorIs
sangVInIs aspersIones teret horto grato oratorIs. =b 1 65 1
7.
Ara trInItatIs, rosarII regIna, Inter spInas rosa IesVs
fLageLLatVr : CrVore sparso roratVr. tV tota MItIs,
et spes tota (ne A IesV abstrahant nos sCeLera nostra)
sVb pIetatIs peCtore reCIpe: ora pro nobIs.
= 1651
Rosa Iesse, os et CapVt IesV regIs CoLaphIs, et aLapIs,
atrIo perCVtItVr, et spInIs atrIs CoronatVr. o rosa
FRAGRANS ES INTER SPINAS : TERROR ABsIt : NE IRRVAT, ORA :
LIBERA NOS! REPETE, VT ABSlNT TOTA NOSTRA MaLa. = 1 65 1
9-
IesVs (0 ara rosarII pIa) fVnIbVs LIgatVr: CrVCe regIs
hVMerI pressI, atrata portant sCeLera nostra, arbor
spes nostras totas aLIt : o InIVsta pLebs atra ! Ito
trIstItIa (rosa) ora, pete, ne noCens erret spont£, = 1 65 1
10.
AgnVs patrIs, fLos agrI, IesVs noster In patIbVLo CrVCIs
obIIt. k Latere aperto, nos rorans peLICanVs aMorIs
OSTENTATVR. ROSA IerICh6, Nfe PATER ATRA TERAT TrIstItIa
res nostras repara sVb pIetate ROSAS. = 1 65 1
♦■•■♦
448
THE ROSARY.
Hyt
>= 165 1
Jesu
Christi
resurrectio.
Vtnnus secundus.
aVe Mare, et aVLa trIna,
PRjESTANS parens aC regIna,
et arbor nostra.
arCa et honor VerItatIs,
aVra, et ara pIetatIs,
G*LI, ET PVRlTATlS ROSA.
NOS rosarII ab HOSTE,
VIrgo portentosa,
et orbIs perICVLIs,
protege gLorIosa.
Gloriosa quinque Mysteria
11.
IesV resVrreCtIo CeLebratVr: Ipse Intra nos pasCha est.
trIVMpho nobILI, tartareas Latebras terens, VICtor
ostentatVr. sIt oratIo nostra, s/EPi gratIa, pI£ rorata.
ora, age, age, o rosarII parens, o IanVa apta gLorLe. =b 1 65 1
12.
Asoensio | °RB^S LANGVORES AGNVs TERENS, TROPHiEA OSTENTAT gLorIjE.
Tesu, I abIIt, VICta Morte, ne ea trahat tartarea sCeLera.
Domtni ! PEREAT RAPTOR SATA TERENS, ROSARII VIRGO, ARA pIa, IesV
nostrl ASCENSIO pIe CoLItVr : ORA PRO NOBls, PVRlTATlS ROSA, sss
13-
Adventus
Spiritus-
Sancti.
1651
13.
SpIrItVs-sanCtI Igne, o CjeIA aVrora, et ara pIa, o et
gLorIosa regIna, tota rorata es preCes nostras paraCLItI
gratIa rora, ne ea rVat, et sIren serpens, ab otIo
SjeVVs, oMnIa abstrahat, et tVrpI obItVs horrore
repLeat. = 1651
14.
X4- . , est assVMptIo tVa, o VIrgo, tota speCIosa ; In ea trIstItIa
BfvSjpSfa I 1^* abIt : NlTENT iETHER, ASTRA sVPERlORA : ANGELI REPET-
Man«. I vnt. LVna saCra, regIna soLe pVLChrIor, propera, te*
i CoronaberIs. o beata rosa, rorata gratIa, sere rosas. = 165 1
! «5.
PhILosopharI In CoronatIone tVa, o saCra parens, tV soLa
reCtA: at neMo poterIt: tV arbor es gLorLe: aVrea ab
angeLIs regIa, ter A trInItate serta tIbI paratVr. pete
rosarII saCras rosas, iEGROS, sanos, pVrItate tVerL = 1651
Mysteria quinque Gaudiorum.
16.
InCarnatIone IesV saLVatorIs nItent GffiLI, terra parIter,
et L*tItIa hoMInes : propterea grata tota ob spes, sVbeVnt
HONORES. AGE, ERGO, O SACRA VIRGO, PLaCeAT TIbI ROSAS
tVas parare: rosIs rorare prata tVa rosarII. = 1651
Detpane
Virginia
Coronatio.
16.
lncarnalio
Domini
nostri
Tesu
Christi.
THE ROSARY.
449
Visitatio
Beats
Virginis
Marias.
18.
Natalis
Jesn Christi
Domini
Nostri.
Deipane
Virginia
purincatio.
pueri Je
21.
Effusio
sanguinis
inborto.
Jesus
flagellatus.
Jesus
spinis
ooronatus.
17.
ELICIT In VIsItatIone tVa (o regIna) CharItas res nostras.
o ter beata tV Inter MVLIres, et beata VentrIs tVI
gLorIa! o Chara! gratIa pLena rosa. rosas apta: pro
nobis ora, vt rosls sator per&epe reparet jegra corpora. = 1 65 1
18.
SteLLa MarIs, rosa ChrIstI parens, ab Vtero tVo soL
IVstItLe ortVs est. ne obrVat Ira, Creator CreatVra
ostentatVr. C*LI, terra, honos, gratIa APPARATE nItent.
eIa regIna, eIa pIa, pIas progere rosas : age : ora pro
nobIs. =1651
19.
VIta, spes nostra, regIna, et patrIa rosa, L^etare. pVrItatIs
es thronVs, CreatorIs GeLVM, et Ipse sVper braChIa
tVa, nota tIbI gLorIa. o pIetatIs ara, ora pro nobIs:
rege nos : oratIone gratIa rorata, erVe sCeLera nostra. =
20.
SaCra aVrora trIna, soL prjeCLarVs sapIentIjE, In teMpLo
A te reCessIt, et tIbI postea sapIenter argVens, repertVs
est. Ito aVgVsta, ora, roga pro nobIs, ne ratIo ea ChrIstI
LabIa nostra otIo, Ira, et horrore atra, argVat. = 1651
Hymnus Tertius.
aVe soL, et VIrgo,
TRlNA CeLI PORTA
rosarII regIna,
fons et spes nostra.
soLVe VInCLa reIs,
PROFER lESV BONA,
Vt per te saLVtIs
CoroneMVr gLorIa.
Dolorosa quinque Mysteria.
21.
1651
►= 1651
Mater, fILIVs tWs, InnoCens agnVs, gLobI sCeLera
toLLens, fVso sangVIne orat. I, o pVra, propera e6.
rosarIo soLICIta, Vt TERRiE erIpIat errores. = 1651
22.
ara CarItatIs, oLIVa speCIosa, frVCtVs tWs LorIs pLen^
fLageLLatVr. ne MIserIIs ^eterno terrors nos pVnIat,
generose o VIrgo, ora pro nobIs. = 165 1
23-
refVgII fLos, CIVItas, ros, IrIs, seLLa gLorLe, IesV
CapVt repLetVr sangVIne. Leo spInea Corona ostentatVr
rosa: ne treMore rVat, ora pro nobIs. = 1651
3L
45°
THE ROSARY.
Jesus
portans
super
humeros
crucem.
Jesus
obiens
crucis
mortem.
36.
Christi
resurrectio.
Ascensio
Jesu Christi.
Adventus
Spiritus-
SanccL
A *> .
Assumptio
Deiparae
Virginia.
3°*
Deiparae
coronatio.
24.
IanVa gLorIjB, IesVs A LeonIno regno It press Vs. CrVCIs
LIgno sCaLaM fert rosarII. ora pro tenVI popVLo, Vt
A terra, rIte sVbeat teneros fLores. = 165 1
25.
aVrora ConsVrgens, fLens rosa, sVrge, soL enIM IVstItI/e,
sane ater, CrVCIs LIgno, pro VItIIs popVLI, Vere obIt.
o rosa, pro terra ora, ne fleat late. = 1 65 1
Mysteria quinque Gloriosa.
26.
IesV resVrreCtIone, o gLorIosa VIrgo, gLorIa repLentVr
oMnIa, nobILIs ea CoLItVr VICtorIa. affer spes o parens.
VT SANA LiETETVR SPES NOSTRA. =3 l6$I
27.
O rosarII VIrgo In asCensIone fILII tVI Vis GLoRliE
sVbter fLetVs oCVLos Mentes LeVat. o saCra LVna ter
PARENS, PROPERA RORA, PROTEGE NOSTRA.
28.
SpIrItVs-sanCtI aVrora, LIngVIs, saCer Mons IgneVs
ostentarIs, ora pro nobIs. affer VeLLera Cooperta rore :
pLVe: roseo Igne, LIttora VItjE LVe.
= 1651
= 1651
29.
eLeCta Vt soL, fons rosarII rVre, In assVMptIone tVa
proprIe, o VIrgo, ab angeLIs gLorIosa VoCarIs. rosas
tene: prjEfVLCI: nostra LenIter tVere. = 165 1
PatrIs fILIa. rosa natI aLMa, SpIrItVs-sanCtI sponsa,
egregIe reLVCes CoronatIone Vero oLeo rVbro pVrItatIs
iEGROs LVe: renoVentVr fLores. = 1651
(In the original the name Iosep in the foregoing acrostic, is so
printed without the final ' aspirate ' letter h.)
Hymnus quartus}
AVE CiELI porta pIa,
LVCIs aVLa, paCIs VIa,
AVE SPONSA iETERNl PATRlS,
SOROR PARENS IesV FRATRlS,
rosarII saCra regIna
gratIa protege nos trIna
faVe LargItate MatrIs.
► = 1651
The reader is reminded of the anagrams as mentioned at page 446, ante.
THE ROSARY.
45*
. 3X* •
lncarnatio
Jesu Christi
3»-
Viutatio
DeiparsB
Virginis
ad
Elisabeth.
Nativitas #
Jesu ChristL
e 43*
Sacro-sancti
Deiparse
purincatio.
Gaudiorum quinque mysteria.
IesV fILII tVI InCarnatIone, o parens arCa Ipsa pVrItatIs,
sCaLa GLoRliE, pVra CmLI ara renItes. VIaM apta :
rosarIa profer: gratas res nostras, gratIa protege
sVaVes.
= 1651
3«-
EnItent (VIrgo) prospera VIsItatIone tVa aMor, et
CarItas. Is: aspIras Ipsa: spIras rosarII VIas: Cognata,
aC fILIVs aLVo, L^tantVr, mgra repara, arrIpe, frange
sCeLera.
= 1651
33.
SaLVe ara pIa. natIVItas saCra IesV fILII tVI LjetIfICat
oMnIa. Ipse prases paCIs. astra, aC terra soLe orto,
ornantVr pVrpVra. regIna nostra, egregIa sparge
rosarIa. =
YIrgInItas, aC pVrItas (o ara saCrata) gLorIa CoLItVr.
AGNVs TEMPLO OFFERTVR. SEN IS SPlRlTVs RARA PRiENVNTlAT:
PRiEPARAS EA. ARA ES : AGE PlA : EIICIaS AEREA SOLIs
nItore.
35-
Recessus
Jesupueri.
1 *
Jesu orans
in bono.
Jesus
flagellars.
Jesus spinea
corona
redimitus.
1 3*
Jesus cruce
165I
= 1651
SaCra refVgII CIVItas IesVs k te reCessIt: teMpLo
argVens, post InVenItVr; Vt sCeLera toLLat, I, o rosa,
O ARA PlA : APTA PARARl iEGRA : PRjEPARA SANA : ORA NlGRAS
fInIrI Iras. = 1651
Mysteria quinque Dolorosa,
36.
Mater pIa sanCm speI, fILIa patrIs, IesVs agnVs sparso
sangVIne, prostratVs orat. fLent CiELI, aC terra
parIter. ne VIgILI Ira, aVra, rVat, I, o rosa, I, age
ora, rosarIa Cape. = 1651
37.
aVe regIna, pVrItatIs rosa. IesVs InnoCens, VIrgIs
fLageLLatVr: atro CrVore, fons ater paret. I, rosa
pIa : apta perge, Vt jerarIa rosarII CapIas, aC aLIa
PRiESTANTlSSlMA. = 1651
38.
RegIna, speCVLVM CLarItatIs iBTriRNjE, IesVs rosa tVa,
fILIVs patrIs, regIA Veste, spInea CoronA ornatVr.
aCrIa rIgat atrIa. I, prospera, o sapIens, fLa, rIga.
apta rosarIa. = 1651
39.
JLVSTlTliE ROSA, TER PACIs ARA, IesVs INNOCENS, ANGORE,
aLapIs, A proterVa ILLa sVperfatIgatVs aLa, It araM
CrVCIs portans. I, perge, ora, Vt pIa gens, rosarII
ferat jerarIa. = 1 65 1
45*
THE ROSARY.
Chnstus
cnicis
patibulo
crucifixus.
Christi
resurrectio.
Ascensio
Jesu Christi.
Adventus
Spiritus
Sancti.
Assumrjtio
B. Virginia
Mans.
Deipara
Virginis
coronatio
gloriosa.
Incarnatio
Jesu Christi.
40.
ArCa saLVans ara MIra, pIetatIs aVra, IesVs saLVator
patItVr, CrVCIs LIgnI pensVs ara. ora, pro passIone
REPETE, NOS GRATIA PRjETEGI, ET iETERNA ROSARlI GLORIA
affICI. = 165 1
♦ ■•«♦
Hymnus quintus.
aVe, aVe, VIrgo pIa,
GLorLe FONS, HONOR, ET VIA
aVe sponsa, et fILIa patrIs,
soror nostra, et parens fratrls, )►= 1651
aVe rosarII regIna,
gratIa absterge nos DeI trIna,
foVe pIetate MatrIs.
Gloriosa quinque mysteria.
41.
IanVa sVaVItatIs, IesVs resVrgens, opIbVs gratLb prosper^
regenerat oMnIa. terra fLoret. honos, ASTRA nItent.
soL fVgat Ira otIa. I, o pIa, eIa o DeIpara, Integra
ROSARlA OFFER. = 1 65 1
42.
O tVrrIs ebVrnea. o paraDIsI sIne InopIIs porta. agnI
eLeVatIo, parIter eLeVat anIMas. Vt gratI^e thesaVrIs,
foVeat, protegat nostra FRANGE ROSAS, OFFER eas, o
rosarII regIna. = 165 1
43.
SansonIs DIVInI es (o VIrgo) faWs, spIrItVs ara gratIa
perpoLIta : eI honores pange (Mater gratIje) ea repLerIs,
EA NlTEAT. O aVRORA, ROSAS EFFER, Vt ORATlo FRANGAT
TENEBRAS Or!!. = 1 65 1
44-
Es In assVMptIone tVa (rosarII VIrgo) tota rVbore
sVaVItatIs pLena, fragrantIa gLorIosa. eIa, o DeIpara
pIa, eIa speI rosa trIna, thronVs es gratIa, tene, fer,
offer, rege nostra. = 1 65 1
45-
PHaretra DIVInI aMorIs, roseIs ornata sertIs, et fLorIbVs
VestIta, GLoRliE regIna ostentarIs. I, rosa pVra, pIa
ope, rosarIo faVe, egena nostra gratIa foVe, et pete,
Vana frangI. = 1651
Gaudiorum mysteria quinque.
46.
MlRA trInItatIs ara, fILIVs DeI tVVs, VoLVIt narrarI
FRATER, SPlRlTVS OPERE, Vt ESSES (O PARENS) NOSTRA. In
agonIa affer Ipsa bona, ope gratIa tege. oratIone (o
hera) age: age o rosa. = 1651
f
THE ROSARY.
453
VTsitatio
B. Virginia
Mank
Natovitas
JesaChristl
Pnrificatio
B. Vtijjinis
Manse
47-
AVe o fILIa patrIs, fons VIrgInItatIs. VIsItatIone tVa,
eLIsabeth, et pVer In Vtkro, rorantVr gratIa : O SPES
ROSAS SjEPE AFFER. ORA O ROSA MAGNA, DeI AGl OPERA,
regnerarI nostra. = 165 1
48.
RegIna, pVrItatIs MargarIta, fons es sIgnatVs. In
natIVItate IesV noVa te ostenDe gratIa : ea VenI, esto
hera (o fLos) ora, ope rosarII, fratres fLorere, opIbVs
ararIa propagarI. = 1 65 1
49.
Inter spInas, pVrItatIs rosa, In VIa sapIentIjE regIa es,
et thronVs. agnVs a te fertVr. I, o Vera gratIa : ea, nos
ora frVI gLorIa : rosarIa age : teMpLo ea Deo offer
pro sanItate orbIs. = 1651
So.
AVLA INGENS GRATIjE, EGRESSVs EST lESVs ATE: In TEMpLo
habItans, a te repertVs est. rosarII o regIna, o fons,
pro fraternItate ora. o pIa, o VIrgo, te frVI para : ora
aVara fInIrI oDIa. = 1651
Hymntis sextus.
saLVe VIr, et pater,
CVIVs VIrga, et fLatVs,
VIrgInIs ConsortIo,
foVet honoratVs.
Ioseph, IesV gregIs
pastor es notatVs,
HONOR ET SPONSiE,
iETERNb PARATVS.
qVI A patrIs fILIo,
PATER ES VoCATVs,
faC, Vt Dona patrIs,
Donet nobIs natVs.
1651
Jesus
onuis in
horto.
V. Dolorosa Mysteria.
IesVs agnVs, o aVgVsta, horto fer Venter orans, perfVsVs
CrVore, propInqVI obItVs, angVstIIs affLICtVs, sIgnata
patrIs sententIa, pro sanItate popVLI, patI VIDetVr. o
CjbLI Cos, o honor tota Denotato: res hostIs saVas
aVerte. = 1651
454
THE ROSARY.
flagellatus.
Jesus
spinis
coronatus.
Jesus
cmce
farigatus.
Jesus
crudfucus.
„ s6 •
ResurrecUo
Jesu
Accessus
Spiritus-
Sancti.
5*.
eLeCta Vt soL, pr>estantIor eo rosa, IesVs agnVs, honos
patrIs, VIrgIs SjBPE CrVCIatVr : ICtVs rVIt : tota rIgat
VnDIqVe sangVIs. DIVInas fert rosas. tV obVIa propera :
ne pVnIat nos oppone: honestIs fa Veto: fLato: tot
hostes aVfer. = 165 1
S3-
SpeCIosa oLIVa, honor gentIs, frVCtVs tVVs IesVs, sapIentI^
thronVs, spInea Corona ornatVs, k toto per Verso popVLo
trItVs, LVDIbrIo hostIs seDet : tVta fert rosarIa :
nVnC age : aqVa tVere gratIje (fons pIetatIs) spInas
fVgato.
= 1651
54.
VlTls frVCtIfICans, VIta, et spes nostra, IesVs agnVs,
fILIVs tVVs, CrVCIs LIgno oppressVs, a Vano popVLeo,
et Insano fVrore stIpatVs, Vt patIatVr abIt, o rosa
HOSTES RETRAHE, NOSTRA PROTEGE DeIN, MqVa TOTO HONORE
GRATliB Dona.
= 1651
55-
sVspensVs CrVCe, IesVs agnVs Inter Latrones patItVr,
VeLVt si (hostIs otIo) sCeLerIs esset CapVt. o arbor
tVta, fIDeI honor, tVrpIa tota, tot hareses fVga : fVso
sangVInI, Dona opponI apta: ora nostra protegI: nos
aqVa VIta frVI. = 1651
Mysteria gloria, V#
56.
In resVrreCtIone IesV ChrIstI, noVa spe, tota fLorent.
CmLI pVrpVra, orbIsqVe ostro nItent. tV aVgVsta
regIna, rosarII, honos et fons, pLVe gaVDIo: tVtas
Dona rosas tV*: sVaVItatIs: tVas appone opes: tot faC
spes hostIs fVgarI. = 1651
57.
O pons saCer pVra rosarII regIna, asCensIone IesV ChrIstI
fILII tVI, fLetV, et gaVDIo, pVteVs honestatIs gratVs,
rosa pVLChra ostentarIs. tV o fons potens, propera : tV
TOTA NOSTRA FOVE : TV ET VsVs POTVS AQVm GRATliE NOBls
Dona. = 1651
58-
SpIrItVs-sanCtI LIngVIs (rosarII VIrgo, honos spes
gLorIosa) tota aspersa es, et GRATliE sVa DonIs frVCtI-
bVsqVe repLeta, tV honesta foVens, nostra prospera :
fVrta Veta : Vota oppone : tVto faC tVo nVtV, InCenDIa
hostIs aVertI. = 1651
i
THE ROSARY.
455
B. Virginia
Manse.
6a
Deiparss
Virginia
Coronatio.
59-
eLeVarIs In transItV tVo ab angeLIs, o VenVstatIs
PARENS, TV Els TV SVPER CHOROS GLoRliE, REGlNA PRiBSlS,
tVqVe DeI sponsa VoCerIs. tV (honos sanCtItatIs pro
haC VIta, tot aVgVsta opponIs: Dona patrI offerto
fratres tVos foVe.
= 1651
60.
PHILosophIa CjeLI, et Vera sapIentIa, per te (o VIrgo fons
VIrtVtIs potens) obtInentVr. CoronatIone tVa aqVI
paraDIsI regIna ConstItVerIs : tV (aVgVsta) spes nostras
foVes. tV pVLChras rosas Dona : tot fVsos fratres tVos
aVge.
= 1651
In order to make up the number 63 (as mentioned at p. 443, ante),
there are three more chron-anagrams, each one containing 5 of the
Mysteries of the Rosary. Observe the acrostic in the marginal
explanations of them. The 'program' of these anagrams is the
' Hyranus primus ' at page 446, ante. The number of letters employed
in each is 165, and the numeral letters in each make 165 1. With
these remarks I now transcribe the chron-anagrams as they appear in
the original.
Tria anagrammata, illorum continens unumquodque
quinque Rosarii Mysteria.
61.
1. Incarnatio Christi.
a. Elisabeth visirata.
3. Salvatoris Natrvitas.
4. Virgo purificata.
GAUDIORUM
Mysteria quinque.
5. Salvator templo
inventus.
w
w
^^ ET PARENS, ROSARII GLORIA, TER ET Bis HONORENTVr
rj\ rosIs. beata prorsVs poLLens IesV InCarnatIo,
y nataLIs, reCessVs, beata Mater VIsItans, et
pVrIfICata. ora rosa patrIs pertraCta tot
nostra protegI. = 1 65 1
63.
Magnus in horto.
sudor sanguinis.
a. Apprehensus Jesus
et flagellatus.
3. Redemptor spinea
corona redimitus.
4. lesuscruce
oppressus
5. Affixus Jesus cruds
obiens mortem.
V. DOLOROSA
Mysteria.
Pd
62.
parens, bInIs, et trInIs rosIs, aCta trIta
I rosarII tIbI para. IesVs CrVore sparso, ter
orans, fLageLLatVs, ater, et spInIs CoronatVs,
LIgno pressVs, et eo pensVs, honoretVr. ora,
pete, tota bearl tractata. = 1651
1
45«
63.
i. Iesus resurgens.
a. Omnipotentis
ascensia
3. Spiritus-sancti
adventns.
4. Elevate Virginis
gloriosa assumptio.
5. PHcenix Rosarii
Maria caelorum
regina coronata.
O
to
m
x
THE ROSARY.
MYSTER1A
Gloriosa quinque.
63.
et sponsa bInIs, et trIpLICatIs nIteant rosarII
rosIs. IesVs resVrgens, et eLeVatVs, assVMpta
PARENS, TER CORONATA, ET PARaCLetI AVRORA
gLorIfICentVr.
arbor patrls, rorata rosls bea tota nostra. =
Gloria Patri, etc.
1651
To describe the remaining fifty pages of the book would lead the
chronogram-hunter far beyond the limits of his pursuit, and impose upon
him a difficult task. The words of some of the foregoing hymns, the words
of the Gloria Patri, etc, and the words of the before-mentioned Triad, are
all made to give the date 1651 and other intricate and significant numbers,
by means of the small letters used after the manner usually called a ' Cabbala/
founded on the old Latin and Greek alphabetic mode of numeration. The
book is all the more remarkable as being the work of a man engaged in
mercantile business, and not in any way an ecclesiastic or a member of any
religious order.
I regret that I am unable to refer the reader to a copy of this remarkable
work in any public library in England or elsewhere ; an inspection of the
original would be a treat to the bibliophile, and lead to a better appreciation
of the contents.
SAINT CARLO BORROMEO.
^ff**
RARE tract, printed at Bruges in 1684, gives in prose
and poetry, and upwards of one hundred and fifty
chronograms, an epitome of the career of Saint Carlo
Borromeo. The only copy of the work which I know
of is in the library of the Rev. Walter Begley. It was
composed on the completion of the period of one hundred years after
the death of the saint From a different source I give some particulars
concerning him. He was the son of Gilberto Borromeo, Count of
Arona, and of Margherita de Medici, sister to Pope Pius IV. He was
born in October 1538. He studied at Pavia, and took his doctor's
degree at twenty-two years of age. Shortly after, his uncle, Pius IV.,
made him a Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan. Borromeo estab-
lished an academy in the Vatican for the promotion of learning, and
he published its conferences under the name of Nodes Vaticance.
He urged the Pope to hasten the termination of the Council of Trent;
and, upon its conclusion in 1563, he drew up an exposition of the
doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church as sanctioned by that
Council, known as the c Catechismus Tridentinus.' After the death
of Pius IV. in 1565, Cardinal Borromeo went to his diocese. He
enforced a reform in the clergy, especially among the monastic
orders. He visited every part of his diocese, reforming abuses,
examining the conduct of his clergy, and providing for the wants of
the poor. He established colleges and schools, and asylums for
destitute children. When the plague broke out at Milan in 1576,
he exerted himself, at the risk of his life, in assisting the sick, and
3M
458 SAINT CARLO BORROMEO.
relieving the wants of the population in that calamitous time. In
some particulars, Cardinal Borromeo shared the errors and preju-
dices of his age, for we find that he believed in the -existence of
sorcery. His conduct, however, was exemplary; and his zeal for
the flock committed to his care was unremitting. He died on the
4th November 1584, worn out by austerities and pious labours,
in the forty-seventh year of his age. He was canonized by Pope
Paul V. in 1 610.
The title of the tract is, * MARIA PARADOXA vita Sancti
Caroli Borromaei, erainentissimi sacra Romans ecclesiae Cardinalis,
nee non Mediolanensis Archiepiscopi pro solemni Jubilaeo Anni
centesimi, illius ab obitu tarn Anagraphicfe quam Chronographicfe
discussa. ^i
Chrofiicon.
Cantate VbIqVe tVba IVbILate ) _ 6g
Deo qVarta noVeMbrIs. f "" 4
Brugis. Apud Lauren tium Doppes, in platei vulgb de Philip-Stock-
straet, sub signo trium Regum. 1684.'
The back of the title-page contains the following : —
fc BARONlBVs SOYENSlBVs,1 PR^sCLarVs, CaTHOLICjE ) __ ,a
sV* MaIestatI k ConCILIo statVs. J " I054
Here is represented his
coat-of-arms
surmounted by a
CardinaFs hat and coronet of nobility
with this motto
NON IN GLADIO SED IN NOMINE DOMINI.
The shield is quarterly gules and or, first and fourth a naked sword
horizontal, second and third a lion rampant These verses follow, in
allusion thereto —
IesV, CognoVI te eX noMIne, non eX gLaDIo. = 1684
Non me salvabit gladius, sed nomenjesu:
Hoc mihi deveniet nomine certa salus.
Hinc mea sit nomen Domini, spes sola salutis,
Hoc mea semper erit gloria, splendor, honos.
eXVrge VeneranDe presVL, Isto noMIne VICtor erIt. = 1684
The dedication of the work to the Bishop of Bruges concludes
thus, giving the name of the author —
Illustrissime ac Reverendissime Domine,
In CaroLo totVs tVVs obeDIentIssIMVs serVVs. = 1684
F. Ignatius h sancto Petro, ordinis fratrum beatissimae Virginis
Mariae de Monte Carmelo, Carmeli Brugensis indignus alumnus.
1 The letter Y counts as 11 = 2, in this and some other chronograms.
SAINT CARLO BORROMEO. 459
There is also a fine portrait of the Saint at his devotions. The 87th
chronogram alludes to him as thus represented.
At page 1 1 begins the life of Saint Carlo Borromeo in chrono-
gram—
eXCeLLens \
CAROLI BORROMiEl f _. 6g
VIta ChronographICe ( * 4
eXCVssa. J
1. eXVrgant, aVDIant InsVL*, attenDIte popVLI De
Longe. = 1684
2. InCLInate aVras Vestras, aD Verba eX VIta borro-
MmI. = 1684
3. si QViERAS DeVotIonIs eXeMpLar eXCItans. = 1684
4. tV CaroLI aDVerte VItaM, et eXpete VestIgIa. = 1684
5. perILLVstrI stIrpe orItVr, seD VIrtVte nobILIorI
MorItVr. = 1684
6. DVM noCtV orItVr Infans, eXaLto aparVIt Ingens. = 1684
7. LVX DIVIna, sVper teCtVM parIentIs. = 1684
8. Ita CaroLVs ortVs, qVIs MVnDo pVtas pVer Iste
erIt? = 1684
9. fLorIbVs InnVMerIs reppLetVr Vt VnDIqVe pLanta. = 1684
10. qVe eX frVCtV VlTiE, fLorIDa MessIs erIt. = 1684
n. eXhIbet Infans, InDICIa MIrabILIs VIt*: fVtVr^e. = 1684
12. CVnCta arbItratVr Vt sterCora, Vt ChrIstVM
LVCrIfaCIat. = 1684
13. eX InsIgnI DeVotIone, saCrIs IMbVItVr LItterIs. = 1684
14. IVrIs LaVrVM VtrIVsqVe Deo SANOrfc gessIt = 1684
15. saCra MILItIa CLerI InsIgnIter ILLI eXaLto sVCCessV
faVet. =s 1684
16. egregIIs VIrtVtIbVs, abbatIaLI DeCoratVr DIgnItate
DIgnVs. sss 1684
17. Dat VnIVersIs speCVLVM VIrtVtIs. = 1684
18. orbI VIrtVtes perhIbens eXIMIas, fIt CarDInaLIs a
pIo qVarto. =s 1684
19. arChIantIstes posItVs, MeDIoLanenses sVas eXpVrgat
oVes. = 1684
20. Vt LVX effVLgens IbI In MeDIo nebVL«. = 1684
21. totVs qVasI soL eXVrens, effVLsIt In teMpLo DeI. =* 1684
22. LVXIt In operIbVs, VtI saCerDos MagnVs. = 1684
23. Vt eXpertVs sVm CVrator gentIs, LIberat eaM A per-
DItIone. = 1684
24. eX sVo ferVore, gLorIaM aDeptVs est In ConVersatIone
gentIs. = 1684
25. ferVens preCes sVas IteraVIt Monstrare VoLens
VIrtVtes DeI. =1684
26. In oratIone qVaDragInta horarVM, eX L0C0 non
eXIbat. = 1684
£•
460
SAINT CARLO BORROMEO.
27. DIreXIt sVos, Verbo, faCtIs, et eXeMpLIs. = 1684
28. reXIt oVes, Vt PRiesVLVM InsIgnIs DoCtor. = 1684
29. fVIt PRiECLARVs, VIrtVte MansVetVDInIs. = 1684
30. CaroLVs non MorDaX fVIt In fratrIbVs sVIs. = 1684
31. sIngVLarI, qVos sCabIosos noVerat, MansVetVDIne
argVebat. = 1684
32. CorrIgens hVIVsMoDI, InstrVensqVe In spIrItV
LenItatIs. = 1684
33. pLVrIMos eX HiEREsI, ChrIsto reDVXIt. = 1684
34. fVIt aVsterVs sIbI, aC bLanDVs proXIMo. = 1684
35. IDeoqVe MInIstros qV«rebat taLes qVI sVos astrVerent
non ContVrbarent. = 1684
2fi. reLIgIosVM paternVs eXtItIt aDVoCatVs. = 1684
37. pVpILIxjs Inopes, VIDVasqVe DesoLatas aDIVVabat. = 1684
38. nVsqVaM IVDeX CorrVptIbILIs. = 1684
39 Caro, MVnDVs, LeVIathan VIrI VIres oppVgnabant. = 1684
40. CertaMen DVXIt IneXpVgnabILIs. = 1684
41. Ipse sIbI VILIs, In Deo fVIt oVIbVs oMnIa faCtVs. = 1684
42. CaroLVs effVsVs, oMnIa sVa DIspersIt paVperIbVs. = 1684
43. Inopes Vt aLat oVes, Ipse se nVDans hVMI CVbVIt. = 1684
44. eX sVo aVrIaCo DVCatV VenDIto, totVM ) 6g
PRiETlVM, pestIferIs ContrIbVIt paVperIbVs.1 J 33
45. eX VrItano prInCIpatV, qVaDragInta aVreorVM ) .«
MILLIa, VnA DIe, eX affeCtV erogaVerat egenIs.1 J "" 33°8
46. patI eX pIetate, Dabat paVperIbVs, aLIa VIgIntI
MILLIa. = 1684
47. SIC DIVVS PRiESVL ISTE PATER FVIt PAVPERVM. ss 1684
48. LVXVRloSiE peCVnLb obeDIVnt oMnIa. = 1684
49. qVaM rarVs non eXpetens DIVItIas s-«CVLI ! = 1684
50. CaroLVs Istas Vt MortIferas DespeXIt VbIqVe. = 1684
51. totIVs DIVItIas orbIs, ^estIMaVIt, VtI sterCora VILes.= 1684
52. VIrtVtes, In sVas aMpLeXVs soLas DeLItIas. = 1684
53. pro oVIbVs sVIs, se MortI eX CorDe obtVLIt. ss 1684
54. abLVens peCCata popVLI, sVCCVrrens, LaChrYMIs
eXtergebat. =s 1684
55. aD sVas IVVanDas et aLenDas oVes InsIgnIter bonIs
sVIs, et sIbI non peperCIt. = 1684
56. borroM^Vs InfatIgabILIs, DIV noCtVqVe pestIferIs
InserVIebat. ss 1684
57. non fVgIt, Vt MerCenarIVs, seD Vt pastor LVpos In
fVgas egIt. = 1684
58. LaqVeo sIbI CrVCeM baIVLans, popVLo sVo CeLos
pLaCaVIt. = 1684
59. qVIDnaM potVIt VLtra faCere oVIbVs sVIs? = 1684
1 These two lines make 3368, i.e. twice 1684 j the date does not come out from any set
of words taken consecutively as they stand in die lines. This variety of chronogram was
occasionally used without any special motive.
I
SAINT CARLO BORROMEO. 461
60. pro sIbI sCeLeratIs, DeVM eXoraVIt, Vt serVaret. = 1684
61. nVnqVaM egIt CaroLVs, In IrA VInDeX. = 1684
62. EX TOTO sViE DeCVrsVS VlTiB, reprehensIbILItas non
eManabat. = 1684
63. In asperrIMo CILICIo nobILe CorpVs fLageLLIs
ContInVIs eXtenVabat. = 1684
64. Dabat ILLI LateX haVstVs parIterqVe panIs pastVM. = 1684
65. eX hIs epVLIs, etIaM Inter epVLas L*tabVnDVs. = 1684
66. LaVtas Dapes ConteMnebat paVper sIbI trIbVens
eXIgVa. =1684
67. CaroLVs proprIas sIbI Vestes eXVIt, aD nVDos
tegenDos. = 1684
68. pro paVperIbVs, CaroLVs k DIVIte paVperrIMVs. = 1684
69. InanIa VItm VnIVersa respVens, DIVItIas poLo
ConDIDIt. = 1684
70. VbI M0D0 qVmso CaroLVs Iste? VIX reperIes. = 1684
71. qVo pr^esVL sVperIor, profVnDIVs hVMILItate
Latebat. = 1684
72. MVnDI eX VanItate sVA LVbrICI, = 1684
73. hVMILItate sVA tVtVs, sVperba DeVICIt. = 1684
74. DVX CLerI MagnVs In VItA fVIt. = 1684
75. VerbVM IpsIVs, qVasI InVrens faCVLa arDebat. = 1684
76. InIVrIosI rIgoreM eIVs proposVerVnt regI phILIppo
seCVnDo. = 1684
77. responDIt, sInIte eVM, Ver£ Vt PRiEsVL agIt totVs
sanCtVs. = 1684
78. saCerDotIbVs LVX Magna fVIt In operIbVs. = 1684
79. sICVt PRiEsVL fVIt DoMVI sVm bene pr^posItVs. = 1684
80. non eXCIpIens, eX jEqVo sVos DILIgebat oMnes. = 1684
81. VERfe fVIt DeIpara CVLtor eXIMIVs. = 1684
82. seMInarIstas sVos zeLosVs erVDIebat, pro CVLtV ) = ,g
VIrgIneo, eXCItare DeVotIoneM, non eXtIngVere.1 j 33
83. eX sVggestV aMoVebat DIsCoLores, eXqVIrens nIsI ) _ 6g
In eXCVLtA MarIa DeVotIone perItos.1 J 33
84. beatVs CaroLVs, pro eCCLesIastICA LIbertate aCer-
rIMVs eXpVgnator. = 1684
85. Ipse CVraVIt, Vt trIDentInVM absoLVeretVr. = 1684
86. MonasterIa atqVe CoLLegIa, aC saCras eXtrVXIt
eCCLesIas. = 1684
87. breVIarIVM, sVper genVa sVa, LegIt seMper nVDo )
CapIte: DeposItoqVe bIreto sVo genVfLeXVs >2= 3368
Legebat bIbLIa ^ I
88. sVaVIbVs eXVnDans LaChrYMIs. = 1684
See note to chronogram No. 44.
* As before mentioned at page 459, the portrait of the saint is described by this
chronogram.
462 SAINT CARLO BORROMEO.
89. eXerCItatIa spIrItVaLIa DeVotIssIMe bIs egIt annVe.= 1684
90. sVas rVrI VIsItatIones, aC pIas peregrInatIones
seMper peDIbVs absoLVIt. = 1684
91. totVs eXarDens, IesV ChrIstI fVIt aMore LangVens.= 1684
92. In sIngVLIs pIIs sanCtIsqVe operIbVs prIMVs aDfVIt.= 1684
93. iEGRls sVIs In XenoDoChIIs soLatIIs VbIqVe prIMVs,= 1684
94- VstVs IntVs eX Igne sVperno aD saCra LIMIna = 1684
saCra aVDItVrVs eLoqVIa prIMVs fVIt. = 1684
95. neqVIDqVaM sIne ConsILIo eXeqVebatVr. = 1684
96. per sIngVLos DIes ConfItebatVr Vt Ira sIbI pVrIssIMVs
fIeret. = 1684
97. nVLLa CaroLVs benfICIa trIbVIt, nIsI Ver£ CapaCIbVs
aC bene MerItIs. = 1684
98. sTRENVfc eXCVbIas egIt VIgILanDo sVper gregeM. = 1684
99. erat speCVLVM arDens eXVrens nIsI VItIa. =s 1684
100. InDIsCIpLInatorVM eXtVrbabat abVsVs. = 1684
101. VERk fVIt eXqVIsItVs CLerI eMenDator. = 1684
102. LaXItatVM fortIs DestrVCtor eXtItIt. = 1684
103. antIqVos, Vt eXpertos DoCtores tenVIt, non
neophYtos Late sVMptos. = 1684
104. eXVrge CaroLe, Vt nobIs VerjE sis arMatVra fIDeI.= 1684
105. eX operA CaroLI, CVnCtIs paroChIs CateChIsMVs
eXstat. = 1684
106. InsIgnIter paroChos InstrVIt, Vt soLIDa eXprIMant,
peregrIna VItantes. = 1684
107. Vt Ver£ DILIgant proXIMos sVos sICVt se. = 1684
108. Vt Rlrfe pretIosas oVes pLVs Deo CVrent qVaM sVa
sIbI. = 1684
109. Vt DIsCant anIMas aLere, et pro oVIbVs parIter
eXponere sVas. = 1684
no. qVI Integra DeVM qVjErVnt LeX est ILLIs: = 1684
in. qVI renVntIarVnt MVnDo, ne reqVIrant s^eCVLarIa.= 1684
112. Magnos VIros reLIgIosos eX ferVore sVo DoCVIt. = 1684
113. non Ita sVa qVjerere seD soLVM qVjE IesV ChrIstI
sVnt. = 1684
114. eX CarnIs VItIo DILapsas erVens, DeVotas Deo
reserVabat. = 1684
115. Ipse sVI Corona popVLI, paX et gaVDIVM. = 1684
116. pro PRiEsVLVM erVDItIone eXpertVs sCrIpsIt. = 1684
1 1 7. saCro aMore LVCtans, ChrIsto fVIt ConfIXVs CrVCI. = 1684
118. passIonIs IesV DeVotVs ConteMpLator eXtra se
rapItVr. = 1684
119. Morte CVpIens DIssoLVI, eXeqVItVr. = 1684
120. Corporis eXWIas DeponIt aMore sVpernI LangVens.= 1684
121. In saCro IesV sVI, aMpLeXV sVspIranDo. = 1684
122. oCVLIs In CrVCe fIXIs, CorpVs oCCVMbebat. = 1684
123. CaroLVs ItaqVe CInerIbVs, et CILICIo opertVs abIIt
In CceLVM. = 1684
SAINT CARLO BORKOMEO. 463
124. qVI pVrIor aLbeDIne In VItA fVerat CastIssIMVs
obIIt. . = 1684
125. In perpetVo CaroLVs InVICtVs s^eCVLo CaLCato
trIVMphat. = 1684
126. In CeLestIbVs satVratVs, 6 ! qVaM gLorIfICa LVCe
CorVsCat ! = 1684
127. In IVbIL*o sanCtI CaroLI, rIte eXVLtans IaM
gLorIetVr eCCLesIa. = 1684
128. In saCro sanCtA In eXCeLLentIA patron Vs CoLItVr
Contra pesteM.1 = 1674
129. pestIs qVI LVe Laborat, CaroLVM InVoCet, CIto
sVCCVrret. = 1684
130. In VItA, et eXtra, MIraCVLa stVpenDa patrVIt. = 1684
See note 2.
132. VIVens CarMeLI orDInIs VerJ: strenWs patronVs
erat. = 1684
133. brVgIs CarMeLIta gaVDent eX eIVs sangVIne. = 1684
134. fraternItas eIVs apVD CarMeLItas aVgetVr VbIqVe.= 1684
135. eXCeLLenter In CaroLo proteCtore sVo, IVre
CarMeLVs IVbILat. = 1684
136. eXVrge BORRoMiEE, tIbI CaroLe DeVotIs sVbVenI. = 1684
137. eX DIVrnIs erVe atVMnIs saCVLL = 1684
138. obDVratos eX pIgrItIA. sVMnoLentos eXCIta. = 1684
139. eXpVrgans VItIa, CorDa eXaLta MItIa. = 1684
140. SiECVLI qVjEqVe noXIa, DIsrVMpe retIa. = 1684
141. InIqVItatIbVs eXVens Da popVLo paCeM. = 1684
142. eXCLVsIs CceLo, tVIs InCLYtIs nobIs aCCVrre
MerItIs. = 1684
143. eXVLes Da IVbILans, jETErnVM IVbILare. = 1684
144. agIte eXVrgIte popVLI, VoVere borroM^eo DICentes.= 1684
145. VoX tIbI MeLoDa, LaVs, honor gLorIa VIrtVs. = 1684
146. CaroLe, te IgItVr qV*sVMVs; fIant aVres tVm
IntenDentes. = 1684
147. DeVotos tIbI serVos serVa, IVVa, atqVe A peste, faMe,
et beLLo LIbera. = 1684
A poem next follows in about 260 hexameter and pentameter
verses, the theme of which is thus given —
CAROLVS BORROMAEVS
Anagramma.
SVM ROBVR, ROS, AC OLEA.
1 This chronogram is thus in the original ; it makes only 1674, but was probably
intended to make 1684. The sentence seems to be complete as it stands notwithstanding
the defect.
* There is no chronogram numbered 131 in the original ; the numeration seems to have
got out of order after 94, where the next line is not numbered.
1
464 SAINT CARLO BORROMEO.
These words, which are the anagram of his name, occur frequently
throughout the poem, also in the chronicon with which it concludes —
Chronicon.
VerI: egregIVs DIXIstI, sVM robVr, ros aC oLejr. = 1684
A shorter poem next follows called ' Paraphrasis,' in which the
anagram words are frequently used, and concluding with —
Chronicon.
6 ! DeVs trInVs, et VnVs, In BORRoMiEO fVIstI !
robVr ros aC oLea. = 1684
Another poem next follows in about 290 hexameter and penta-
meter verses, the theme of which is thus given —
CAROLVS BORROMAEVS.
Anagramma.
OLES, AC ROSA RVBORVM.
These words, which are also the anagram of his name, occur
frequently throughout the poem, which concludes with —
Chronicon.
oLes VItA tVA, aC rosa rVborVM, satIs DIXI. = 1684
The tract terminates at the same page, 52, with a poem of six-
teen lines, a 'Congratulation' of Carrael (the author's monastery at
Brussels), in praise of the Borromeo family. The opening lines are
as follows —
Carmeli Congratulatio
in Laudem Inclytae Borromsese Familiae.
Gaude Borromsea domus, poscentibus astris
Orbe micas, fama est non moritura tua.
internum Caroli jam supplex nomen adora ;
Te dedit aeterno, nomine posse frui, etc.
> — ♦ — <
At pp. 439, 440, ante, there are some other chronograms
concerning this Saint
THE WORKS OF
JOHANNES PR^ETORIUS.
| HIS author describes himself as belonging to Zetlingen,
and as 'Master of Philosophy' at the University of
Leipzig, and imperial poet laureate. It is not such an
easy matter to describe his works. He wrote largely
on mystical subjects, judging by the list of his works,
and those of them to which I have had access. He was attached to
the Lutheran form of religion. The mystic number 666, and the
year 1666, seem to have furnished him with matter for much contro-
versy; perhaps he had his own beliefs, and he certainly had his
doubts, about what those numbers portended to Germany. At the
period of his writing people's minds had been much disturbed by
prognostications and expectations, the Thirty Years' War had only
recently been concluded, and the religious dissensions connected with
it could not yet have subsided ; another war was impending to
expel the Turks from Hungary and Eastern Europe ; predictions
were afloat that the Papacy was to fall, that the German empire
would dissolve, and that the final interpretation of the number 666,
in Revelation xiii. 18, would be manifested. Controversies on these
matters, as well as on omens, divination, palmistry, and magic,
engaged the attention and occupied the pen of Praetorius ; and
besides all this he made a great many chronograms.
A list of his works is given in Zedler's Universal Lexicon, xxix.
147. Many of them, and some others not there included, are in the
British Museum Library. All of them are more or less curious, and
3N
466 JOHANNES PR&TORIUS.
some have afforded a good harvest of chronograms, as will be seen
by the following extracts, and in some instances the chronogram
gives the title as well as the date at which the work was printed.
A volume (British Museum, press-mark 8630. c), 8°, bears this
title—
1 anthropoDeMVs pLVtonICVs = 1666
das ist,
ein neue Welt-beschreibung von aller ley wunderbahren Menschen,'
etc. Autore, Joanne Praetorio. Magdeburg, 1668. — The title-page
contains a list of the subjects in 22 chapters, each commencing with
one of the letters of the alphabet in regular succession. There is a
second part with a similar arrangement of title-page ; the two parts
comprise about 1350 pages. The author's language is German, the
printing is very indifferent, and the pages are much discoloured.
The chronograms may be said to occur in patches ; they are by no
means evenly distributed over the pages.
At page 162. De VItVLo saCsonVM.1 = 1666
VItVLVs ConDeMnans, Anagram os CaLVInVM tVnDens = { J*JJ
At page 413 the title and purpose of a book published by the
author in 1656, on the qualities of herbs and plants, is given in these
chronograms —
DoMVs ChLorIs. (*".*. The house of the goddess of flowers.) = 1656
fLorIanVs DeMoCoon. = 1656
bLVMentraCheIge erDe. = 1656
noMenCLator herbIDVs. = 1656
CaMpVs fLorIDans. = 1656
poLYanthea MeDICa (read Y as V=5). = 1656
herbarIVM DeLeCtans. = 1656
The title of another book by him on the same subject, published
at Leipzig in 1657, is thus given —
fLor« annIDICVM = 1657"
DIanjE eteoLogICVM avdos. = 1657
CheLIDonIVM. = 1657
D. LeonharDVs bahr, botanICes eDItor. = 1657
roDankos LIpsIaCVM. = 1657
noMenCLator paraDIsI. Sal. of his garden. This makes 1652
Me sIbI ConstItVIt JanVs PRiBTORlVs aVCtor, ) _ f
VaLLIbVs eX roseIs LIpsIaCIsqVe LoCIs. / "~ I057
At page 425 the author gives the year 1666 in chronogram in the
words taken from the Latin version of the Bible, and his purpose in so
doing is in some degree explained in his adjoining pages. The
adaptation of the words is at least curious —
1 Sacsomun for Saxonum, thus following the rule of the Latin language, which permits
the substitution of cs for x.
JOHANNES PRJETORIUS.
467
qVIDnaM VVLt hoC esse?
Acts il 12. (The exact words in the Vulgate.)
a seCVLo non est aVDItVM.
John ix. 32. (The exact words.)
spIrItVaLIs JVDICat oMnIa.
1 Corinthians ii. 15. (The exact words.)
DeVs sVsCeptor saLVtIs MEiB.
Psalm IxxxviiL 27. (Vulgate Version.)
a testIMonIIs tVIs non DeCLInaVI.
Psalm cxix. 157. (Vulgate Version.)
In popVLo MVLto LaVDabo te.
Psalm xxxv. 18. (See English Bible Version.)
nIhIL oDIstI eorVM, qVje feCIstI.
Wisdom of Solomon xi. 24.
ContrItVs sVM VaLDe.
Psalm xxxviii. 9. (Sic.)
MIrabILIs DeVs In sanCtIs sVIs.
Psalm lxvii. 36. (The words in the Vulgate.)
nVnC sIne Lege IVstItIa DeI ManIfestata est.
Rom. iii. 21. (The words in the Vulgate.)
faMes pro qVa estIs soLICItI, aDhlerebIt VobIs.
Jer. xlii. 16. (The words in the Vulgate.)
noLIte possIDere peCVnIaM In zonIs VestrIs.
Matthew x. 9.
LoCVstjE DeVorabVnt oMnIa.
Deut. xxviii. 38. (The words in the Vulgate.)
MoVebItVr terra De L0C0 sVo.
Isaiah xiii. 13. (The words in the Vulgate.)
In the preface of the second part (or volume), printed at Magdeburg
in 1677, the following verses occur —
Itzt treten VVIer Ins neWe Iahr,
her IesV ChrIste, Vns beWahr,
gIeb gnaD, Dass VVIer Diss gantze Iahr
zVbrIngen konnen ohn gefahr!
And on the next page, gLVCk zV DeM neVen Iahr.
At page 119 the following sentences are given as having been
recognized as prognostics of coming events in the political affairs of
Europe, the seven initial letters also give the date —
MonarChIa DeLVXata. =
DIsCVrsVs poLonorVM. =
CVLpa IVDaorVM. =
LVnatorVM zoDIaCVs. =
XenoDoChIVM beLgjE. =
VereDVs papICoLarVM. =
IVDICIVM fILII. =
And these occur at page 120—
MVnDI LVCtV, alias CLaVsVra MVnDI. ==
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=
1666
=:
1666
=
1666
iburg
1666
}_
r
1666
= 1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
1666
468 JOHANNES PRALTORIUS.
they express the eventful year 1666; the first line of the following
couplet gives the same date —
Magna Det aCta Labore teXto reprehensVs In anno, = 1666
Non ego eo terra fata parata reor.
The author mentions that the mystical number 666 (in Rev. xiii. 18)
by dropping the letter M=iooo, is contained in the following word
implying false-speaking —
MenDaCILoqVaX. = 1666
And at page 129 these words come in strange contrast when used
for the same date —
anno saLVatorIs DoMInI IesV ChrIstI. = 1666
In this part of the book the author devotes many pages to the
discussion of the coincidence of this year 1666 with the mystical
number 666, and this further chronogram, among others, may be
noticed in illustration —
At page 136. DoCtor MartInVs LVtherVs. = 1666
And at page 141 he adduces the following list of wars, in which
various potentates were engaged in that same year ; the initial letters of
each line when read consecutively make the year mdclxvl, or 1666 —
Moguntinus archiepiscopus et Lotharingiaa dux cum Palatino RhenL
The Archbishop of Mayence and the Duke of Lorraine with the
Count Palatine.
Dux Lubomirski cum rege Poloniae. The King of Poland.
Cham Tartarorum cum Turcis. The Turk and the Tartar.
Lusitaniae rex cum Hispaniae rege. The Portuguese and the Spaniards.
Xalliae l et Daniae reges ; item Belgium cum Britannis.
Veneti cum Turcis. Venice and the Turks.
Inferior Germania cum episcopo Monasterii. Lower Germany and
the Bishop of Munster.
These words, adapted from 1 Kings ii. 45, reX saLoMon
beneDICtVs=i666, are quoted at page 149, as applicable to some
real or predicted events of the period. I have seen this chronogram
quoted elsewhere, but without any explanation. For the sake of pre-
serving something that has been said about it, I will quote the purport
of the author's remarks. He had been alluding to the falling away of
monarchies, and he proceeds to say, ' With regard to the monarchic
deluxatio we may exclude as neutral all relics which can only
express our ignorance, as no further information can be received
about them. We may, however, cite one (the above chronogram).
This may be said in the present century to signify the idea of the old
monarchies which have fallen down before our time, and which have
been described by me in my annual chronicle, under the title of the
downfall of Germany, where three suns have fallen under the yoke of
the Turks. On this subject the Rabbis are ignorant, although there
are quacks in England who find in this the evidence of the coming
Messiah.'
1 Xalli«=Gallise.
JOHANNES PR&TORWS. 469
At a later page of the volume the author is still engaged on
presages and prognostics of events to take place in 1666, and at page
238 he introduces this Virgilian cento * —
Anno, in quo suas DebILItant VIres LVnatIs agMIna peLtIs.= 1666
And at page 269 he quotes the following chronograms from a
work entitled ' Examen vaticinii cujusdam Anglicani de ultimo Romae
excidio anno 1666.' Cap. ix. 15 —
karoLVs Der fVnffte, teVtsCher keIser. = 666
karoLVs Von genDt, teVtsCher keIser. = 666
CaroLVs V. InDVperator. = 666
CaroLVs V. ganDaVensIs. = 666
KapoXios E. yaivSaAva-ios Kaurap. =666
The work so quoted is by Gottlieb Spitzel, or, as he Latinised his
name, Theophilus Spizelius.2 There is a copy of it in the British
Museum, 11403. f., published at Augsburg, 1665. 40. It is a stricture
(in Latin) on^a work by an anonymous English writer, who interpreted
the mystical number 666 to mean the fall of the papacy in 1 666. In
giving the above chronograms, Spitzel prefaces them with some
remarks to this effect, — 'The name therefore of the "Beast" is not
the name proper of the Antichrist, but of the empire or state of which
Antichrist is the head. If you ask why it is called the Numfor of the
name, it may be answered, because the letters of which the name is
composed include that number. There are many words in Hebrew,
Greek, and Latin, which in like manner express the same number ;
this shows how uncertain is the application of it, and how absurd it is
to say that John, in the Apocalypse, should be interpreted by some-
body writing in Belgium in 1662, to mean the Emperor Charles v. ;
that writer doubted not that the emperor was prefigured, but he talked
nonsense in saying that when you turn the letters of his name into
vernacular numbers, whether in Latin or in Greek (the language in
which John wrote this prophecy), the words sexcenta et sexaginta sex,
will be the result' Spitzel then gives the chronograms above quoted,
exclaiming, ' Nugae nugarum !' He also says that the title of the work
by the 'anonymous calculator' was portentous and conspicuous,
'Romae ruina finalis anno mdclxvi, mundique finis sub xlv post
annum.'
At page 357 the following quotations from the New Testament
occur j they are introduced by the author apparently to show another
variety of omen to be found in words containing the date of the sup-
posed eventful year —
1 The lines in Virgil from which this cento is composed 1
sEn. ix. 61 1. Debilitat vires animi, mutatque vigorem.
An. i. 490. Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis.
In this instance Pnetorius would suggest that the crescent-shaped shields indicated the
nation which had the crescent for its banner, the Turks.
* See Zedler's Universal Lexicon^ xxxix. 298.
1
470 JOHANNES PRsETORIUS.
sICVt pater sVsCItat MortVos, et VIVIfICat; sIC fILIVs
qVos VVLt VIVIfICat. = 1666
John v. 21. (The exact words in the Vulgate.)
VaDo parare VobIs LoCVM. = 1666
John xiv. 2. (The same.)
state InDVtI LorICaM IVstItLb. = 1666
Eph. vi. 14. (These are adapted words.)
DeVs CornV saLVtIs Mem. = 1666
Psalm xvii. 3. ( Vulgate Version.)
The subject now to be noticed is called by the author his New
Almanack of the wonderful year 1666. It is difficult, and indeed
needless, to follow the author through the pages of a long fanciful
chapter about square men, by which he means frank and open-hearted
men, or to explain in what way he is moved to write in sarcastic terms
about Dutchmen and Dutch authors, who manifest some opposite
qualities. Pratorius is very bitter towards them in matters of religion
and politics, and for some of their interpretations of the mystic number
666 and the year 1666. It is only necessary to allude to his fierce
invective against them, in order to throw some light on what he calls
his 'almanack ' of 1666 and its chronograms. He alludes to a Dutch
writer who asserts that there are exactly 1666 years between the
Creation of the world and the Deluge, according to the accepted system
of chronology, and who sets up an argument in support of certain
deductions therefrom, while the real difference is only 1656 years.
Here, says he, we see a deplorable error, which must demolish this
pitiful (quarf) argument After exposing some other contradictory
interpretations of the number and date, the author proceeds to close
these and such like speculations, by showing how words containing
the date 1666 may be used to the discomfiture and disadvantage of
the Dutch writers themselves.
Then follows at page 399 a sort of calendar, at least an arrange-
ment of chronograms under each of the twelve months, in which
Hollanders, Papists, Jesuits, Calvinists, heretics, and others, are
denounced and threatened l —
annVs IesV ChrIstI aDMIrabILIs. = 1666
Dat WonDerLIIk Iaer naer DIe geboorte ChrIstI; = 1666
aLManaCh Van't WonDer Iaer. = 1666
Den nIeVVen aLManaCh. (This makes only) 1661
Van De oMegeLVCkIge geVsen. = 1666
VorseggenDe De geWIsse hoLLantse eLenDe. = 1666
oppos: MoetWIL en stoVtICheIt Der IesVIten; (sic in
original. It makes 1675.)
stoVte bottICeIIt In VLaMIngen en In brabanDers. = 1666
1 There are some deviations from the date 1666 which I am unable to correct ; they are
probably the author's own oversights.
JOHANNES PR&TORIU&. 471
January.
Men saL nV VVonDere saeCken sIen, = 1666
VIDebItIs nVnC MIrabILIa. = 1666
oppos : Der IesVWIten beDrogh saL haest ontDeCken. = 1667
Vah ! IgItVr IesVItarVM fraVDes breVI VobIs Lat£
rVrsVs reVeLabVntVr. = 1666
2. bernarDe pVnI IMprobos CaLVInIstas sIne fIne. = 1666
bernarDe a gaLen, pVnI eos absqVe VLLA MorA. = 1666
sIne fIne CaLVInIstas anIMaDVertIte. = 1666
oppos: bernarD Vs a gaLen, epIsCopVs tho. (sic) MVnster. = 1666
barent Van gaLen bIssChop Van MVnster. (This makes 1166.)
3. D* hooChMogenheIt VerVaLt nV. = 1666
DIe WonDerLIICke tIIDInge. = 1666
oppos: heLIChen VaDer paVs In rooMen. = 1662
4. MIserICorDIa proLongata a fInIbVs tVIs. = 1666
naM tV qVoD feCerIs aLIIs, tIbI fIet. = 1666
oppos : JesVIten DeeL nIet In ChrIstVM 1st. = 1666
February.
praVI HiERETlCI neMInI sVnt fIDeLes. = 1666
oppos: pontIfeX roManVs et asseCL^e se perDent. = 1666
2. hoLLanDt Wort hIer oVerroMpeLt. = 1666
DIe geVsen Mogen VVeL eens het geLagh betaLen. = 1666
oppos : Den hoLLantsen LeeW tegen goDts VIanDen. = 1666
3. DeLVDItVr hoLLanDVs. =1666
neMoqVe DoLet VICes sVas. = 1666
DoLeaT, atqVe eXerCeat patIenteM. = 1666
hoLLanDtse geVsen, VerDraget geDVLtIgh. = 1666
oppos: DeVs Cert^ non DeLVDItVr. = 1666
March. heV ! DenV6 IaCent teLa eorVM. = 1666
eXpete VenIaM a. Deo et rege CaroLo. = 1666
2. perDIs hVnC tItVLVM. (This makes) = 1667
oppos: oCCVrretIs InIMICo, nVnC fLeCtI nesCIo. = 1666
rVrsVs Vos ferte aD arMa pro LIbertate CharA. = 1666
April.
qVIs ConsoLabItVr IMpIos fIDeI hostes? = 1666
DeVs non CVrat praVos et MaLIgnos. = 1666
oppos: Dat aLtos Vera CaVssa trIVMphos. = 1666
2. proh DoLor! HiERETlCI aD qVID Ita VenIstIs? = 1666
May.
InteLLeXIstI Me, stIrps DIaboLI? = 1666
InIqVI aC DaMnabILes VIrI. = 1666
o VIrI InfaVstI, et MaLeDICI. = 1666
oppos : arM brabanD sVIVert toCh VhoL. = 1666
DIe goDDeLoose sVLLen bespot VVesen, = 1666
472
JOHANNES PR&T0R1US.
June.
geVsen Van zVtphen, Laet Den Moet sInCken. = 1666
oppos: goDt sCIkt oVer papen een VerDerVenDen engeL.= 1666
July.
VVeDer MIsLVCkt.
oppos: Men saL nV Den staten, heeL In VrVheVt zIen
Laten.1 =
2. naM fatentI et pcenItentI FACILfc DabItVr VenIa. =
orpheVs saL aCh nIet Meer gehoort VVorDen. =
tVnC MeLIVs Deponet fastVs. =
August.
CVr propVLsas fIDeLes roManos? =
oppos: nVnC DeVs prosternIt LVpos roManos.1 =
2. MaLa CrVX te rIDeat ! =
oppos: IMpIos fLagrIs sIC nobIs angIt DeVs.1 =
3. aC fIat M0D0 LVX. as
September.
sWeDen en MaCh VnIet heLpen. =
geVsen VerLaet op DeneMarCken nIet. =
oppos: paX DatVr aLto Deo ConfIDentL1 =
neDerLanD saL gantz geLVCkIIgh VVorDen.1 =
Magnas Dat strages aLt& proVoCata VIrtVs. =
October.
DIe geVsen noCh Dapper gegesseLt VVorDen. =
oppos : De geVsen sVLLen Dapper haer VIanDen goesseLen. =
2. DVpLeX CoMeta : t' Was en DoVbeLe CoMeet. ( =
(Als nummehr seinen effect erweisen soil.) ( =
oppos: DIra eX se sCeLestos sVa poena Manet. =
November.
aLLen De geVsen sIen nV Met Lange nbVsen. =
hoLLanDt Wort LVstIgh ghebesseMt. =
oppos : VlNDICTiE tarDItate, reDIt hIs poena
graVIor.
= 1666
LONGk
1672
1666
1666
1666
1666
1711
1666
1661
1666
1666
1666
1667
1767
1666
1666
1666
1665
1665
1666
1666
1666
= 1666
December.
Dat beroWV CoMt hIer te Laet. = 1666
oppos: nVLLa saLVs beLLo, VaCat hIC te posCere paCeM.= 1666
1, rVant DenIqVe IMpII PAPlCoLiE. = 1666
2. hVIVs CaLenDarII MeI fInIs. = 1666
nIeWen aLManaChs enDe. (See commencement ; this makes) 1661
oppos: geLVCk Dan nV brabanDers en LIeVe LanDs-
genooten. ( This makes) 1 7 66
1 These chronograms are wrong : I cannot rectify them.
JOHANNES PRsETORIUS. 473
Wat sVIVert gII VIV nV nIet straX Van Dese VoDDIge
papen grILLen. (This makes only) 1662
eX te paCeM eLargIte DeVs! = 1666
At page 418 this double chronogrammatic anagram occurs —
WLCanVs DoMInator. = 1666
Anag CVra LonDInVM Vasto. = 1666
Anag. nVIs CaroLo aD nVtVM. = 1666
and at page 421 are these epigrams on the Plague and the Fire of
London in 1666—
Ex cinere, ut Phoenix, Phoenicis nascitur alter,
Londinum Trojae prodiit ex cinere.
Consumpti tot peste viris, tot peste puellis ;
Vix habet in nobis jam nova plaga locum.
At page 438 is this alliterative chronogram of the year 1667 —
faVnVs fert foLIVM, frangenDo feraCIa fata. = 1667
At page 522 the following occur together, with explanations —
DoCtor MartInVs LVtherVs. = 1666
ILLVMInat orIens soLIs IVD^eIs (alias), = 1666
ostIVM CceLI IVDjeIs aperItVr. =1670
and the author proceeds to remark, 'Certfe definire non possumus.
Eventui committemus.' He afterwards proceeds to quote Psalm
xlix. 15 (Vulgate Version) —
InVoCa Me In DIe trIbVLatIonIs ! = 1666
Then follow these three Virgilian centos, put into chronogram —
j&n. x. 218. Ipsa seDens CLaVVMqVe regens J| MIser- f = 1666
anDaqVe CVLtV, JEn. iii. 591. ( = 1660
(Sal. Mulicr Apocalyptiea peribit)
Anno
DoMInI saLVatorIs IesV ChrIstI. = 1666
/En. vi. 1 2. DeLI Vs InspIrat DI VInA paLLaDIs arte. sEn. ii. 15.= 1666
HZ 5 Kt A?pS ET \ ClNGlT VlRlDANTl TEMPORA LaVrO.
JZfi.Vl. 70. AT PHCEBl / jE^ y M9 = i666
At pages 555-557 there is a Cabala with an anagram on the words
thereof, and two more Virgilian centos ; all are obscure without the
explanations, which are too long for transcript here. There are no
more chronograms.
4 book (British Museum, press-mark, 1141. c 16), 'LUDICRUM
CHIROMANTICUM PRJETORII ; seu THESAURUS
ROMANTIC completissimus : multis jocis et amcenitatibus,
pluribus tamen seriis instructissimus, etc./ by Johannes Pnetorius.
Printed at Jena, anno 1661. This quarto volume contains more than
a thousand pages of dissertations on chiromancy or palmistry, and
divination from the lines and marks on a person's hands and counte-
nance. Many chronograms are to be gathered out of this otherwise
30
474 JOHANNES PRjETORIUS.
very unprofitable book. The first word on the title-page is a chrono-
gram of the date, which is put in figures at the foot thereof, viz. —
LVDICrVM. = 1 66 1
Some explanation of this is given at page 9 of the preface.
The author sets forth in his preface the contents of the book by
giving sub-divisions of the work arranged under the names of various
practitioners of the art of palmistry, and the pages at which they so
appear ; he then expresses, as follows, in chronogram, both the names
of such practitioners and the date when he ' patched them together*
(' annum, quo tractaculum meum consarcinavi ') —
DeLIVs CHlROSOPHliE poMpeII. Page 1. = 1660
eVIDens ChIroLogIa anonYML Page 105. = 1660
ChIroMantIa roberti (sic) fLVDItII. Page 157. = 1660
paLMIsophLe VerIDICI. Page 215. = 1660
paLMIsophI*: VanIDICI. Page 369. = 1660
InDVstrIa paLMIsophICa pr^etorI. Page 430. = 1660
The author then explains how he compiled and produced his
work, and that he wrote much of it in a previous manual in 1658,
arranging his subject under heads, and using many special terms of
his art, composing them in chronogram of that year, as follows —
rVDIMenta ChIroLogLe = 1658
********
ChIroMantLe PRifcLVDlA. = 1658
ChIroLogLe fVnDaMIna = 1658
DE LONGiEVlTATE CHlROMANTliE. = 1658
ChILogorVM eDItIones. = 1658
De ManVs offICIoLIs. (sic.) = 1658
ChIrOGNOMonIjE DeLIVs. as 1 658
oDIVM ChIroLogLe. = 1658
ChIroMantLe LaVDatIo. = 1658
DIsCIpLInarVM. = 1658
ChIroMantLe DeLVsIones. = 1658
CHlRoLodiE DoMInatVs. = 1658
De tItVLo CHlRoMANTliE. = 1658
ChIroLogLe aDVMbratIo. = 1658
MethoDVs In ChIroLogIA. = 1658
P
A
L
M
A
proportIones.
artVs.
lineje y= 1658
Montes
appenDICes.
proportion VM aDpLICatIo. = 1658
artVs e paLMa, aC DIgItIs.= 1658
LInearVM ConDItIones. = 1658
reliqua vide in seqq.
{(£ZZ1!'-4'"ff*fk' DICtIonarIoLVM. = 1658
above initial Utters ,.,,■»# ■ Z.^~
signify the Palm of ORDo PRInCIpaLIVM. a= 1658
tMettnd., De VlTALI PALMiE FATALI. = 1658
MeDIa natVraLIs LIneoLa.1 = 1658
LInea stoMaChI, sIVe De hepate. = 1658
VIa LaCtea et DenoMInata hepatIs. = 1658
JOHANNES PRsETORIUS.
475
P
A
L
M
A
MensaLIs fatIDICa.
De transversa MesoCarpII LInea.
aD-braChIaLIs terMInVs.
DIsCrIMInans trabVLa.
MInVs prInCIpaLes Denotatores.
De MensaLIs, seV peCtorIs sororIa.
DoMInatIo VLb LaCtea
De LInea MartIs aC sorore VlTiE.
De MVnere LInele sororLe In rasCetta. (sic.)
prosperItatIs LInea, satVrno CognoMen Debens.
LIneoLa soLarIs, DonVM honorIs
De LIberorVM LIneoLIs.
ConJVgIaLes DoMInatores.
aD InCIsVras MartIaLes.
De CIngVLIs aMorIs.
septeM fVnDI pLanetICI.
De Monte aC thoro JoVIaLI.
De Monte aC LoCIs satVrnInIs.
seDes MontICVLI phcebeL
MerCVrII seDILe.
DoMICILIa Venerea.
De fato CLIVI MartIs.
eDICta MontIs LVnarIs.
CHlROLOGliE DonarIVM.
pro appenDICIbVs In paLMA.
pILosItas ManVs ConsIDerata.
attaCtVs In paLMIs DenotatIo.
LInea angVLares aDMIrabILes.
MoDVLatIo onYChIna.
artIs aDMInICVLa.
trIangVLI MoDeratIones aC fata.
qVaDratI MensaLIs ConnotatIo.
De CornIbVs In paLMIs.
artIs aDMInICVLa.
ManVaLe CheIropaIDIas.
CaLVMnIje DerIsIo.
(=
}-
sVb qVIntA aVgVstI, post seXtaM, LVCe, VoCaLIs
sVsCIpIebatVr ChIroLogIa LegI.
Id est, die xi Augusti. Anno 1658.
eXpLICVIsse qVater qVIntA sVb LVCe noVeMbrIs,
ChIroLogLe arteIs; CVLtor et aVtor aIt.
Id est, die 20 Nov. Anno 1658.
The .author then proceeds with his preface, which comes to a con-
clusion at page 36, where some verses occur in company with ana-
grammatic chronograms on the death of John Hulseman, probably a
worthy practitioner of the art of chiromancy —
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
Ifr-J
476 JOHANNES PRsETORIUS.
I Apt$fiofi€raypafi/iariKOfia VT€ia.
^v DoCtor Joannes hVLseManVs, = 1661
per anagramtna
hoC De anno VenIt Mors, saLVs. = 1661
Quod vidi ante annos aliquot, dixique Jocatus :
hoC De anno Hulsmanno Mors VenIt atque saLVs = 1661
En ! volvenda dies Hulsmanno hoc attulit ultro ;
anno De hoC quo Mors VenIt ei atque saLVs. = 1661
At the head of different sub-divisions of the work the author repeats
the chronograms already given at the outset of this extract, and then
at page 432 this mention of himself occurs —
'Sectio secunda, Historica, in qui traduntur pauca, sed tamen
ManIfestIora JVDICIoLa = 1660
PRjBDeLInEANTIs ManV-InSPICINjE.' =s 1660
He tells us that besides the date 1660 contained in these four
words, the initial letters of them are those of the author's name —
'Magister Johannes Pratorius, Marchiacus!
At page 437 is one of the numerous woodcuts representing the
lines on a pair of hands, with this chronogram (and some verses)
thereon —
erkLarVng aVs Des seLbst gehangten soLDatens hanDe. = 1660
i.e. An enlightening of the real hand of a soldier ; or, An explanation
f. of the significant lines on a soldier's hand,
£ A few of the sub-divisions which follow are introduced by these
chronogram titles —
j/ At page 474. paLMIsophLe JVDICIa. = 1660
[ At page 475. paLMIsCopLe InDVbItatIo. = 1660
At page 522. paLMIsophIjE VlNDICIiE. = 1660
£• At page 801. paLM-InDICII VranIa. = 1660
I At page 821 the name NICOLAUS SMID is mentioned, and therein
y the author finds by anagram the unpleasant appellation IS LAICUS
I DEMON, and the name nICoLaVs sMID is made into the chrono-= 1657
I gram of a date to which the author attaches some meaning of ill omen.
^ A second work by the same author follows after page 856, having
(T this title (which gives the date thereof) —
CentIfrons IDoLVM JanI = 1659
Hoc est
Metoposcojria seu Prosopomantia
completissima et hactenus desideratissima ;
cum centum et pluribus Iconibus seu
Capitibus illustrata ; memorabili et memoriali methodo
V artificiosissime anno 1659 elaborata, etc.
^ (By Johannes Praetorius. Printed at Arnstadt, 1661.)
T- These chronograms occur at —
! - p. 859. DjbMonoLogVs frontIspICII. = 1659
\ p. 863. MetopoLogIC-« DIVIsIo. = 1659
JOHANNES PR ATOM US. 477
I find no more chronograms. The whole work is illustrated with
a great many woodcuts to represent the lines on the hands and face,
which, as it was believed, enabled the learned practitioners of the art
to read the fortunes and character of any person ; a curious engraved
frontispiece precedes the title-page.
At page 545 is the Greek palindrome sentence which I have
noticed in Chronograms^ p. 414. It is found inscribed on the bap-
tismal font in a few of the old English churches ; there is one at
Bridekirk in Cumberland, Threckingham in Lincolnshire, St. Mary's,
Beverley, St Mary's, Stafford, Harlow in Essex, and at Caddington
in Bedfordshire; this last was probably incised in 1827. I now
transcribe the passage from Praetorius —
'Concludo cum monito cancrino, quod Venetiis Atheno lustrali
inscriptum legit ur'
NI¥ON ANOMHMATA MH MONAN 0¥IN.
ue. Wash away my transgressions and not only my face.
ANOTHER work by Johannes Praetorius on chiromancy,
palmistry, etc. —
Collegium Curiosutn, etc.,
printed at Leipzig in 1704, British Museum, press-mark 8630, aaa,
does not contain any chronograms.
A volume of 'tracts on comets' (British Museum, press-mark 532.
e. 22.), contains a tract, No. 6, with this chronogrammatic
title—
beLLerophon VVLneranDorVM : = 1665
Das ist der neulichste und ungeheure
Wunder-Comet, etc
(in the year 1665.)
Autore Johanne Praetorio, ZetlingSL Leipzig, 1665.
At page 1 the author refers to Virgil, Georgic i., where fearful
celestial and terrestrial omens are mentioned, and where, at line 474,
may be read that ' Germany heard a clashing of arms all over the sky ;'
and at line 488, that ' never did more lightnings fall from a serene
sky, or direful comets so often blaze.' Virgil's words are —
. . . nee diri toties arsere cometae,
and thereupon the author composes this chronogram —
NON ALIAS TOTlES DlRl VlGVfeRE CoMETiB. = 1665
At page 5 the comet is again treated as an omen in the affairs of
Germany, and the event is thus emphasized —
DeVs propVgnaCVLVM nostrae terrae. = 1670
The reason for this date is not clear.
^\
478 JOHANNES PRAETORIUS.
At page 17 is this chronogram —
LVtheranorVM CVstoDes. = 1665
At page 84 the author remarks, 'vide ex parte D. Nicolai de
Regno Christi, und ex toto meinen VVVnDerforMLIChen== 1666
allmanach,' etc.
I only extract the chronograms ; inquiring readers can find much
unprofitable but curious explanation throughout the volume referred
to above.
A book (British Museum, press-mark 719. g. 34), 40, entitled,
« ALECTRYOMANTIA, seu Divinatio magica cum gallis
gallinaceis peracta, etc.,' by Johannes Praetorius. Francofurti et
Lipsiae, 1680. 40. A treatise on magic and divination by means of
cocks and hens (poultry birds). I find therein two chronograms.
Chapter xii., ' De viribus imaginationum,' page 129, contains a passage
alluding to things which persons of strong imagination believe they
have seen and done ; there are also some Latin verses about the various
forms which some one believed he assumed by force of his imagina-
tion, concluding with this couplet —
ter nonA VertIt natVraM Vespera IVnII, )
aVreVs et prater Dens fLVIt ore VIros. j ~" IS96
The meaning of this date does not appear.
A chapter, ' De sagacitate,' at page 140, contains this chronogram
of the year 1677 —
DefVnCtIs patrIbVs boreaLIs habebIt habenas, ) _ .
qVas taMen erIpIet postea brenno tVIs. j "" l677
The explanation given is both prolix and obscure.
Another work by Johannes Praetorius in the British Museum
(press-mark 8610. b.), 40. The title is, ' De Coscinomantia,'
etc. (Printed) Curiae Variscorum. 1677. The subject is divination
by means of a sieve. It contains no chronograms.
A book in my possession (there is also a copy in the British
Museum, press-mark 8630. c. 8°.) bears this title —
Satyrus Etymologicus,
Oder der
Reformirende und Informirende
RUBEN-ZAHL:
Welcher in hundert nachdencklichen und neu-erfundenen eines und
seines Namens derivationibus, sampt einer wackern compagnie der
possirlichsten, und wahrhafftigsten Historien, von gedachtem Schlesis-
JOHANNES PR&TORIVS. 479
chen Gespenste, nebenst andern beygebrachten kostlichen raritaten
und argutien, kiitzlich, kiirtzlich und niitzlich vorstellet, sampt dem
sonderbahrem Anhange, der kleine Blocks-Berg genannt.
M. Johannes Praetorius
M. L. C. Zetlingd-Palav-Marcoita.
Im Jahr
ICh muss so eIn gVter Mann seyn aLs DV seyn mVst = 1667
The book was probably printed at Leipzig. It is a fanciful one,
a satire about 'Rubenzahl/ a goblin having that appellation, a '
* turnip-goblin ' (?) ; it must be read carefully to be understood, if that
be possible. Something at least may be learnt about the witches of
Silesia, the derivation of some names, occult matters, and much else
that is foreign to the subject which I have in hand, viz., chronograms.
The author has much to say in his earlier pages about Leipzig and
his own university there. In the Thirty Years' War a battle was
fought near that city, at Breitenfeld, a fortified camp held by Tilly and
the imperial forces, when they were defeated by Gustavus Adolphus
of Sweden on 7th September 1631 ; the event is thus noted at
page 65—
aLtera post nonas septeMbrIs, et aVspICe sVeCo ) __ 6
ConspeXIt VICtos LIpsIa C^sareos. ) 31
On the 5 th April 1632 the battle of Lech was fought, in which
Tilly, commanding the Bavarian forces, was wounded, and died on
the 30th April of that year. This chronogram was intended to mark
the date; there is, however, an error, it makes 1636 —
hostIbVs In boIos perIt, aCer tILLIVs arMIs, )
aC totIes VICtor, VICtVs ab hoste IaCet. J
The author praises the efficiency of the fire-brigade at Leipzig,
and at page 80 indicates by these chronograms two occasions when
fires were kept under through its services —
VVLCanVs qVInto febrVarI eXtreMa tVLIsset I ,
nI aCCeLerasset aqVas LIpsICa gnaVa thetIs. ) $?
VVLCanVs qVInCtA bIs seXta LVCeno noVeMbrIs ) 6 g
In CIneres VertIs LIpsIa ab Vrbe Lares. J 5
At page 90 the death of John George, Duke of Saxony, is marked
by these chronograms of the dates 4th and 5th February 1657 —
LethIfer est qVartVs febrVarI ast qVIntVs In Ipso
Mensa DIes Vt reX, LethIfer aVtor oVat.
NamquCy
persoLVIt qVarto febrVarI LIpsIa MVLto ) _ ,
pLanCtV CcELICoLiE saXonIs eXeqVIas. / - l0*7
Sed,
eXCepIt qVInCto febrVarI LIpsIa CLarIs ) _ ,
sIgnIs reCtVrI saXonIs aVspICIVM. ] - l057
The death of Joachimus Camerarius, Professor of Greek at Leipzig,
is thus marked —
attICa VoX erat, et grjeCo CaMerarIVs VsV
1657
eXCeLLens, artes aVXIt, obItqVe seneX. j J574
}-
1
}■
L
480 JOHANNES PRjETORIUS.
Some chronograms relating to John Hulseman, at pages 93-98,
are confused and probably inaccurate, but they are unimportant At
page 220 commences some fanciful printing; the words are arranged
in lines of varying length, so that the ends fall within a boundary
arranged to resemble certain objects, such as an obelisk, a tower, a
basket, a tree, a jug, a pair of scales, a heart, etc. ; the words so put
in short or long lines thus form an imaginary outline of the objects.
This is followed by the description of a garden, containing certain
allegorical and mythological structures and statues, with chronograms
in German. A full transcript of the latter would be uninteresting
without long extracts of description and comment. The two following
are specimens of the twenty given by the author. This was over the
entrance gate of the garden in golden letters —
VVIe naCh erIs DIe Irene
eVer teVtsChes-reIChes sohne * = 6
In oeLzVVeIgen hat Versohnt ' """ I 49
1st Von ChLorIs DIess besChont.
And this was on a statue —
faVnVs hat DIes hergebaVet,
VVIe Irene hat besChaVet, v== ,
VnD gezIeret Vnsre grantz, I J 49
VnD gegeben sIeges krantz. )
At page 281, among some miscellaneous notes, this occurs —
'Anno 1 6 18, factum est, quae prima malorum
CaVsa est, atqVe DVCes beLLIs aCCenDIt aMarIs.' = 2518
This is an example of the author's carelessness ; the chronogram
corresponds not with the date he gives in figures.
'Pilsen (the town) anno 16 19 occupata, Vrbs trIstIs CaDIt
InnVMeros serVata per annos.' = 1619
Imitated1 from Virgil, /Eneid, ii. 363. There are three more similar
chronogram notes on the next page. The German chronograms
above adverted to apply principally to the subject of peace, and they
give dates of the period just after the termination of the Thirty Years'
War. The history of Riibezahl (sic) begins at page 375, and con-
tinues to the end.
At first sight this volume is encouraging to the chronogram-hunter ;
the title excites curiosity, and one is led to expect that witchcraft will
have its share of chronogrammatic attention. Such, however, is not
the case. The pages devoted to 'Riibenzahl' and the Blocksberg
goblins and witches are barren ground; at page 552 there is 'Ap-
pendix de Ludis Lamiarum in Monte Brucetorum, quern Blocks-Berg
vocant.' ;.*. The sports of the witches of Blocks-berg* According to
the statements there made, it seems that they are a dangerous sort of
people to fall in or fall out with. There is a frontispiece to the volume
which quite confirms this supposition. Page 552 terminates this
curious book.
1 The line in Virgil is, • Urbs antiqua ruit, multos dominata per annos. '
JOHANNES PRjETORIUS. 4S1
ANOTHER book by Johannes Pratorius, in which the name of
* Riibenzahl ' is prominent (' The Demonology of the Silesian
Riibenzahl'), is in the British Museum (press-mark 1080. b. 37.). 120.
The title-page is partly in chronogram, and commences thus —
' DjeMonoLogIa rVbInzaLII sILesII, = 1662
Das ist
Ein ausfuhrlicher Bericht,' etc.
Printed at Arnstadt. 1672.
The only chronograms are in the preface, as in this sentence,
where the author declares himself to be the master of the art, ' Ich
wil meinen Bund mit dir aussrichten, datz DV erVahren soLt,
Dosz ICh Der herr seL* == 1662
He makes the number of the Beast, 666, out of the name, by the
usual ' caballa ' notation, and by adopting a slight difference in the
spelling —
RIEBENDZAL.
}-
3s
3
666
80 9 5 2 j 40 4 500 1 20
The key to the notation will be found at p. 446 of Chronograms,
The preface concludes thus — 'Datum Lipsiae in Paullino, die 1 Jan.
LIberatorIs, DoMInI JesV ChrIstI.' =1662
ANOTHER book by Johannes Pratorius is in the British Museum
(press-mark 8630. a.). 8°. 'The joy of the treasurer' is the
meaning of the chronogram with which the title-page commences,
thus —
'gazophVLaCI gaVDIVM, = 1667
Das ist
Ein Ausbund von Wundschel-Ruthen, wer sehr lustreiche und ergetz-
liche Historien von wunderseltzamen Erfindungen der Schutze/ etc.
Leipzig, 1667.
At page 304 there is a chronogram which I have already noticed
in Chronograms, p. 533, to which place the reader is referred —
Longa sIgIsMVnDo barba IVbente perIt. = 1564
And at page 442 this occurs ; it seems to be the title of a ' tractate '
by Praetorius himself —
annVLorVM fatIDICVs. = 1667
There are no more chronograms in the book.
3?
j
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION,
AND
THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION OF
THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY.
, T page 38, ante, allusion was made to my finding a
rare book at Frankfurt-on-the-Main. I propose now
to give some account of it, and transcribe some of
its contents. It is a thick folio volume, printed at
Lou vain in 1663, which formerly belonged to the
Carmelite Monastery, as appears from the words 'Carmeli Frank-
furtensis,' written on the title-page, which is as follows : —
MILITIA IMMACULATE CONCEPTIONS Virginis
Marias, contra MA LI TI AM originalis infectionis peccati. In qui
ordine alphabetico recensentur auctores antiqui et moderni, Sancti et
alii ecclesiastici et sseculares, ex omni statu ac natione qui dark et
express^, aut insinuativfe et obscurfe locuti sunt in individuo de ipsa
praeservatione, vel formali Conceptionis atque animations instanti;
aut universaliter de incontaminata ab omni macula, naevo, labe, et
defectu, vel aliquid singulare in honorem virginalis immunitatis
molitia fuerunt.
Compilata ac disposita
A. R. A. P. F. Petro de Alva et Astorga. Ordinis Minorum, etc etc.
Lovanii, 1663.
The contents consist of a bibliographical dictionary of all the
writers who had appeared up to the date of the book in support of
the dogma of the Immaculate Conception . of the Virgin Mary,
arranged in alphabetical order in two columns in each page. The
book is a very rare one, there is no copy in the British Museum, and
during a very extensive inquiry at Continental libraries and among
antiquarian booksellers, only two copies have come to light, namely,
the one in the town-library at Frankfurt, and one at Louvain.
- - ; ■ .• -*w
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION. 483
There is a handsome engraved frontispiece to the volume, repre-
senting dignitaries of the Church and State, holding in their hands
pens tipped with arrow-points, ready for fight (militia), and regarding
with adoration the Virgin Mary above, who stands on the crescent,
whilst the serpent (malitia) is being demolished by the end of the
cross-staff, with which she is piercing its head. The emblems of the
four Evangelists surround her. The serpent is with its head on the
ground, the tail erect, supporting the crescent, on which the Virgin
Mary stands.
At column 1392 of the book it is mentioned that Sebastianus
Fievet, ordinis Minorum Belga, singulis Joannis Bapt Agnensis
Anagrammatibus de Immac. Conceptione B. V. chronica adjunxit,
et cum illis pariter in lucem edidit, hoc modo. Psalterium ana-
grammaticum Marianum Immaculatum, seu centum et quinquaginta
anagrammata prorsus pura, pro Maria Deipara Virgine Immaculate
concepta; quae D JOANNES BAPT. AGNENSIS Cyrnaeus
Calvensis, eminentissimi principis S.R.E. Cardinalis Julii Rospigliosii
Aulicus, soli memorise vi (nam oculorum lumine orbatus est) eruit
ex his salutationis Angelica verbis: 'Ave Maria gratia plena
Dominus tecum,' achrosticfe reducta. Quibus totidem adjunxi
chronica (ex ipsis anagrammatibus majori exjparte eruta) desidera-
tissimi illius anni 1662, quo exoptatissima fidelium votis bulla Sanc-
tissimi D. nostri Alexandri vn. in favorem piae sententiae, et festi ac
cultus Immaculate Conceptionis B. Maria Virginis Deipara edita,
cum solemni* gratiarum actione publicata est in Belgio. Deiparae
Virgini Mariae semper immaculatae, Dominae suae clementissimae
infimus servulus Joannes Baptista Agnensis, Ave Maria, gratis plena,
Dominus tecum. Ex interno mentis lumine dedi cor meum in
similitudinem picturae, quam in bono tuo lumine colloco, Lampas
indeficiens. Ecce triginta et unum Angelici hujus Acroamatis, veluti
Mensis tui totidem dierum numero distincti, characteres seu litteras,
tanquam totidem Stellas ordine vario choreas agentes, ac Immaculatae
tuae gloriae ancillantes, et amabili concursatione alia ex aliis Elogia
Tibi texentes, Tibi sisto, Illuminatrix Maria. Accipe haec sidera
noctis meae. Ita mihi longa haec oculorum nox erit illuminatio in
deliciis meis, dum Tu eris oculus caeco tuo : nam ad laudes tuas, ut
vides, caeci vident Te feram in oculis cordis amore non caeco, dum
per Te, gratia* plena hie luce gratiae, olim lumine gloriae sim videns.
Hoc est Domina, quod 150 hisce anagrammatibus, veluti totidem
psalmis tuis, Tibi canunt, et jam defecerunt oculi mei dicentes;
Domina, quando consolaberis me ? Ecce lumen oculorum meorum
ipsum non est mecum, sed tecum est, dum est Dominus tecum;
Dominus illuminatio mea et salus mea. Hoc est, quod ccecus clamo
secus viam; Domina ut videam Filium tuum in patria; et nunc
lumen oculorum meorum erit mecum..
From this we learn that Sebastian Fievet preserved or published
the works which Johannes Baptista Agnensis — who, being blind, yet
through the power of memory alone— composed on the subject of the
484
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
3ih
■^/t?
'Immaculate Conception/ one of which was a Psalter with 150
entirely ' pure* anagrams1 on the words of the angelic salutation,
'Ave Maria,1 etc., together with the same number of chronograms
in words taken from the anagrams, to make the year 1662, in which
Pope Alexander vn. issued his bull confirming the adoption of the
dogma then published in Belgium. The touching words of the blind
author's address to the Virgin are then quoted to the following effect: —
Lo ! by the inward light of my mind I give my heart in the similitude
of a picture, and place it in thy fair light, which is an unfailing lamp
to me. Behold the 31 letters or characters in this angelic 'acroama,'
corresponding to the like number of days in thy particular month, as
it were the same number of stars moving in changeful course as hand-
maids to thy Immaculate glory, and weaving praises upon praises to
thee in loving concurrence ; I set them before thee, O Mary of Light !
Accept these stars of my night Thus may this, the long night of my
eyes, be an illumination for my happiness, whilst thou wilt be as an
eye to thy blind one ; for, be it to thy praise, as thou seest so also do
thy blind ones see. For with the love which is not blind I bear thee
in the eyes of my heart, which is not blind; whilst through thee
who art full of grace,2 here by the light of grace I may, as formerly,
have the power of sight by the light of thy glory. It is, O Lady, that
in these 150 anagrams as if so many psalms of thine (my eyes failing
me) I sing, saying, O Lady, when wilt thou console me ? Behold, the
very light of my eyes is not with me, but it is with thee while the Lord
is with thee.8 The Lord is my light and my salvation. This is what
I cry along my path, being blind ; O Lady, grant that I may see thy
Son in His kingdom, then will the light of my eyes be again my own.
By these thoughts the blind author was encouraged whilst writing
the * Anagrammata et Chronica achrostica de Immaculata Conceptione
Beatae Marias Virginis, ex his salutationis verbis eruta ' 4 —
Ave Maria gratiA plena, Dominus tecum.
Anagrammata.
Adam et Eyam in macula
* purfe ignofastl
Virgo plank munda, ac
" Mater Jesu amftrV "
En tu immaculata es, nam
* yirgo Ttejparar ~
Chronica.
aDm aC bVjE LapsVM IgnorastI.= 1662
VlRGO pLan£ pVra, aC Mater
DeI. = 1662
en tV CLara es, naM VIrgo
DeIpara. = 1662
1 An anagram is said to be ' pure * when the number of letters in each sentence is equal,
and every letter in the one sentence is used in the other, or in all the others of a series.
The writers of the following works use the word also with allusion to the purity of the
Virgin Mary. ■ plena gratia. » dominus tecum.
* These are the author's own words, implying that the words of the Angelic Salutation
(Ave, etc.) constitute the program of the anagrams in the first column, and that the words
of the adjoining chronograms are composed on, or out of, those of the anagram. Observe
that the initial letters both of the anagrams and of the chronograms, when read down-
wards, compose the words of the ' Ave, etc.
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
Mature nego in Deipara
justa maculam.
Alma Dei Virgo ante casum
praemunita.
Regina mire tuta a lapsu
communi Adas.
Ignorat Eva secunda malum
primae? ita.
Age munda, i pura, tota
mire sine macula.
Genui Creatorem alma,
munda, justa, pia.
Regina pia et summa, tu
munda coeli ara.
Age idea sane clara omnium
puritatum.
Tanta Virgo mere immunis
a culpa adae.
Io regina, pura, munda, et
Immaculata es.
Animata sum pura a Rege
dulci mei Nato.
Pura unica ego sum, mater
alma nati Dei.
Lapsum ac reatum Adami
nivea ignoret.
Eia munda parens, et
Immaculata Virgo.
Nivea Mater Jesu, culpam
ignorat Adam.
Atri sine macule o Divam
pure genitam !
Digna Mater Jesu et pura
a macula omni.
0 Divam ingenti macula
praeservatam !
Maculam iramve Adas
penitus ignorat.
1 Regum patrona: en
Dives Immaculata es.
Negamus jure maculam in
tota Deipara.
Una est Immaculata Virgo :
en Deiparam.
Si pariat una Deum; en
ergo Immaculata.
485
MatrI DeI nVLLa LVes. = 1662
A CasV aDaMI tV LIbera. = 1662
regIna Casta a LapsV aD/e MIre
tVta. = 1662
In eVa seCVnDa non est Labes
prIM^. = 1662
age I pVra a sorDe, et sIne
. MaCVLa. = 1662
GenVI sIne MaCVLa aD^e. = 1662
RegIna tV MVnDa CceLI ara. = 1662
Age IDea SANfc CLara p VrItatVM. = 1 66 2
tota nItIDa est, et absqVe
MaCVLa. = 1662
Io regIna pVra, MVnDa et CLara
es. =3 1662
A REGE DVLCI NATO PVRk ANl-
Mata. = 1662
PVra VnICa, aLMa DeIpara. = 1662
LabeM ADiE aC eV* nIVea
Ignoret. = 1662
kIa MVnDa parens et CLara
VIrgo. = 1662
NIVea parens CVLpaM Ignorat
aDje. = 1662
aDVenIo sIne MaCVLA. = 1662
DeIpara tota pVra sIne MaCVLA. = 1662
0 DIVaM sIne CVLpA ! = 1662
MaCVLata non fVIt DeIpara. = 1662
1 regVM patrona, en DIVa CLara
es. = 1662
NegatVr MaCVLa In totA DeI-
parA. = 1662
Vna est CLara VIrgo; en DeI-
paraM. = 1662
Si parIat Vna DeVM, ergo tota
CLara. = 1662
486
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
Tu ergo Immaculate ; nam
Deipara venis.
En Virgo pariet Deum,
sana, Immaculata.
Coeli sum margarita, nivea,
apte munda.
Una est Deipara Virgo : en
Immaculatam.
Magna Deipara venit, morsu
mali vacet.
TV DeIpara; ergo sIne MaCVLa.= 1662
EN VIRGO PARlET DeVM SANA ET
CLara. = 1662
CceLI MargarIta VeneranDa et
pVra. bs 1662
Vna est DeIpara VIrgo, en
CLaraM. = 1662
Magna DeIpara VenIt; a Labe
VaCet. = 1662
Chronicon.
aVe gratIA pLena, aVe Mater beneDICta. = 1662
A nagrammata.
Age Patrona mundi, jure
immaculata es.
Virgo antea Immaculata, en
paris Deum.
Euge mali nescia, pura,
munda, mira tota
Magna Deipara unice tuta
e morsu mali.
Age pure animata, mire
cumulata donis.
Regina Eva summo amanti
pura dilecta.
I alma, intacta, Eva Virgo
semper munda.
Alme ignita, en micat pura
domus aurea.
Germinavi pure, tota sine
macula Adam.
Regia tu pure munda, anima
amicta sole.
Area pura nati Dei, eum
tegam almo sinu.
Tu jure Immaculata, o
Magna Dei Parens.
Ista Eva regina mundo
alme pura micat.
A macula pura, esto etiam
mundi Regina.
Purior Angelis, Deum unice
amata amat.
Ligni amari pura a nece, tu
h summo data.
Chronica.
age patrona MVnDI, IVre CLara
es. = 1662
Virgo antea CLara, en parIs
DeVM. =1662
eVge MaLI nesCIa aDa et eV*.= 1662
Magna DeIpara VnICe tVta A
Labe. = 1662
Age regIna CVMVLata DonIs. = 1662
RegIna A Labe aDaMI aC eVm
PRiESERVATA. = 1662
I pVra atqVe DILeCta Mater. = 1662
aVLa DeI pVre MICans.
= 1662
GerMInaVI Caste absqVe Labe
aDjE. = 1662
regIa tV pVra, soLe Deo
aMICta. = 1662
aVLa sVM sanCta et nItIDa. = 1662
TV pVLChra tota, MarIa DeI-
para. = 1662
In spLenDore eXorta, sanCta
MarIa. = 1662
A CVLpA MVnDa esto, orbIs
regIna. = 1662
pVrIor angeLo, a Deo VnICe
aMata. = 1662
LIgnI a neCe tV MVnDa es. = 1662
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
EUdo immane caput, ruat
anguis amarfe.
Nominer Deipara, auguste
Immaculata.
A nece mali duri pomi tu
magna servata.
Deipara inventa sum ; ergo
Immaculata.
O Jesu en digna Mater,
pura, Immaculata.
Miraculum magni Der, ea
sane tota pura.
Inviolata pergam, ac munda
Mater Jesu.
Numen paris ; age, o Diva
ter Immaculata.
Virgo est, ac praemunita in
Adae malum.
Sola purfc, ac mire munda,
animata vigeL
Tu regia munda, animata
coelum aperis.
Ergo sine macula avita :
nam Deum parit
Coeli summa janua, pura et
digna Mater.
Verum Dei Agnum intacta
a malo paries.
Mater, Virgo pia, jam vale
sanctfc munda.
Ego pVra Mater CapVt serpentIs
eLIDo. =
NOMINER DElPARA aVgVsT^
CLara. =
A neCe DVrI poMI soLa serVata.=
487
1662
1662
1662
DeIpara tV reperta; ergo sIne
MaCVLA. = 1662
O IesV en DIgna Mater, tota
pVLChra. = 1662
MaCVLa aD* non fVIt In eA. = 1662
InVIoLata aC MVnDa parens. = 1662
NVLLa DIe sVb MaLIgno. = 1662
VIrgo MVnDa et sanCtItate
pLena. = 1662
SpLenDIDa tota eXorta est Casta
DeIpara. = 1662
TV CceLVM aperIs, o DeIpara. = 1662
ego ADiE et eVje CrIMen soLa
eVasI. = 1662
CceLI tV porta, pVra et DIgna
Mater. = 1662
VIrgo Mater IntaCta A LapsV
ADiE. = 1662
Mater pIa, VaLe, o VIrgo
DeCora. = 1662
Chronicon.
aVe DeCora Inter MVLIeres.
= 1662
Anagrammata.
Aurum ego nitens, Imma-
culata Deipara.
Vivam Deo integra, Imma-
culata parens.
En virgo, en Deipara sum
et Immaculata.
Mater pura Agni, uno Deo
Immaculata es.
Amici en pura genuit Adam
salvatorem.
Chronica.
AVrVM ego nItens CLara DeI-
para. = 1662
ViVaM Deo Integra et CLara
parens. = 1662
ego Mater DeI, fILIa patrIs,
sponsa spIrItVs sanCtI. = 1662
Mater agnI sIne Labe eVa
seCVnDa. = 1662
AbsqVe MaLeDICtIone EViE. = 1662
488
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
Regina summfe Diva, purfe
intacta a malo.
Immaculata nites, eia ergo
pura, munda
Almfe amata, i Virgo pura,
munda nitesce.
Genui increatum, sat pura
h malo Adami.
Regina o summfe nitida, et
pura a macula,
A culpa jam munda es,
Virgo intemerata.
Tu parens veri Dei, o
magna Immaculata.
I age pura a sorde, et
munita in maculam.
Ante originem pura Imma-
culata vades.
Procul anguis a me, una
Mater Dei amati.
Lacta sinu amato Regera
mundi ; eia pura.
En Virgo nata Diva, semper
Immaculata.
Natum Dei una paries;
ergo Immaculata
Apertfe Immaculata, i, Virgo
sanb munda.
Dei summa imago, clara et
pura inventa.
O vera Immaculata, Dei
gnatum pariens !
Multi pomi en vacas,
Regina Diva Mater.
Ista Virgo almfe, purfe, ac
mundfe animata.
Nata Dei Virgo, una semper
Immaculata
Virgo veneranda, ipsamet
Immaculata.
Sanfe digna meritove pura,
Immaculata
Tu magni electa amoris ;
eia pura, munda.
En pura Dei amans, et
Immaculata Virgo.
regIna CceLI tota pVra et
MVnDa. = 1662
Ignoras CVLpaM eV«, o DeIpara. = 1662
A CasV protopLastI ADiE PR-fi-
MVnIta. = 1662
GenVI IntaCta, sat pVra e MaLo
aDjE. = 1662
RegIna DeIpara pVra MACVLiE.= 1662
A MaLo VaCat VIrgo DeIpara. = 1662
TV parens DeI, o pVLCherrIMa. = 1662
Ista VIrgo aLM£ et pVr£ a Deo
Creata est. = 1662
ArCa pVra, aLMa VIrgo DeIpara. = 1 662
ProCVL angVIs a Matre DeI. = 1662
LapsVs aCreatVs (sic) aDaMI non
est In ea. s= 1662
EN habItaCVLVM DeI. = 1662
NatVM DeI Vna parIes; ergo
CLara. = 1662
A DeIpara MarIa qVare CVLpa
non abesset? = 1 662
DeI IMago CLara atqVe pVra
REPERTA. = 1662
O beneDICta sVper MVLIres ! = 1662
MvLtA protoparentIs en VaCas
DeIpara. = 1662
In spLenDorIbVs sanCtorVM orta
est. = 1662
Non fVIt LjEsa a CasV aDjb
MarIa. = 1662
VIrgo VeneranDa, IpsaMet
CLara. = 1662
SANfe DIgna, MerIt6Ve pVra et
CLara. = 1662
TV eLeCta, atqVe sponsa aMorIs
DeI. = 1662
en aMans pVra a IesV DILeCta. = 1662
Goeli merfe gaudium Nata
pura amantis.
Virgo Dei nata: nam pure
Immaculate es.
Mater pura Agni immolati,
Eva secunda.
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
CceLI gaVDIVM.
VIrgo CceLVM DeI es.
489
1662
1662
Mater DILeCtIonIs, speI, et
iNTEGRiE PVRlTATlS. = 1 66 2
Chronicon.
aVe proCVL DeIpara MarIa.
= 1662
Anagrammata.
A macula Adae virgo
patenter immunis.
Vera tu primogenita, sine
macula Adam.
Ev& te dignam juro sine
macule partam.
Mitis, pura, Immaculata,
ego veneranda.
Adoravi te puram, sine
macula genitam. *
Regina sum Empirei, ac
aula tota munda.
I ergo pura, i sank munda,
et Immaculata.
Amata purfe et munda e
macula originis.
Gaude Eva, spin£ malorum
mirk intacta.
Reginam videtis a nota
maculae puram.
Almfe micas tota pura, Eva
mundi Regina.
Tu, o alma, specie tua mira,
i, regna munda.
Ingenua, provida, Mater
Immaculata es.
Adami ignoret maculam
Eva, uti parens.
Palatium emicans auro, et
regia munda.
Longfe caput irae a summa
Divini Matre.
Ego Eva, armis Paracleti
munita, munda.
Chronica.
AbsIt MaCVLa a VerA DeIparA.= 1662
Ver^ genIta sIne MaCVLA ADiE. = 1662
EN tabernaCVLVM DeI nostrI. = 1662
MItIs, pVra, CLara, ego Vener-
anDa. = 1662
aDoraVI te ortaM sIneCVLpA.= 1662
regIna CceLorVM DeIpara ; ergo
pVra. = 1662
I ergo tota MVnDa, sIne CVLpA. = 1662
ADiE aC EViE LabeM penItVs
Ignorat. = 1662
GaVDe eVa IntaCta a MaLIs. = 1662
RegIna DeIpara a notA MaCVLje
pVra. = 1662
A Deo ab IngentI MaCVLa prjE-
serVata, = 1662
TV IVre Labe Cares, Magna
DeIpara. = 1662
iNCONTAMlNATA ADiE ATQVE EViE
proLes. = 1662
aDaMI CVLpa a te Ignorat Vr. = 1662
ProgreDItVr sIne MaCVLA. = 1662
LoNGfe CapVt iRiE A Vera DeI
Matre. = 1 662
Kgo eVa pVra, arMIs paraCLetI
Defensa. = 1662
3Q
1
49©
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
Naevum, et maculam ignor-
asti Deipara.
Animata mundfe ac almfe tu
paries Virgo.
Do Reginam puram, et sine
macula avita.
O Diva ignara maculae,
primatum tenes.
Munda venis, Virgo amata,
prima electa.
Iugum Adami en procul a
te, sana et mira.
Nitore Diva emicas, tu
magna almfe pura.
Vivi Dei o sanfe claram et
puram gnatam !
Sum Mater Unigeniti a Deo
pura, ac alma.
Templum Dei sum, Area
ignara notae Avi.
Ea pura a malo mira genuit
Sanctum Dei.
Gano Reginam jurfe tutam
e lapsu Adami.
Virgone semper munda a
macula ? ita, ita.
Munda mali vigeat super
omnia creata.
NjeWs non est InCasta et aLMa
DeIpara. = 1662
ALMfe Creata tV parIes, Vera
DeIpara. = 1662
Do regInaM abs CVLpa aVIta.= 1662
O DIVa Ignara MaCVLje ! =1662
Mater DeI tV VIrgo eLeCta. = 1662
IVGVM ADiE LONGfe EST A TE,
sanCta ET pIA. =
Non te MaCVLaVIt orIgo aD>e.=
Vna seMper CLara, VIrgo DeI
NATA. =
SVM arCa et aVLa natI DeI., =
Tota pVLChra est Vna MarIa
DeIpara. =
Ea pVra a Labe parIt sanCtVM
DeI. =
CanDore sVperat oMnes fILIas
eVje. =
VIrgone seMper Defensa A
CVLpa ? Ita. =
M VnDa est ergo, pVra et CLara ?
Ita, Ita. =
Chronicon duplex.
aVe DeIpara sIne MaCVLa >b aVe MVLIer beneDICta. <
Anagrammata.
Angelorum Diva, et purfe
animata micas.
Vale pacis Mater, Virgo
mundfe animata.
Ego superna, Immaculata,
divina Mater.
Genita1 Diva Mater, pura
omnis maculae.
Reginam (at naevo puram)
laeti dicamus.
Chronica.
AbsqVe MaCVLa proDIIt. =
VaLe DIVa Mater paCIs. =
ego sVperna, CLara DIVIna
Mater. =
GenIta DeIpara pVra MaCVLa. =
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
1662
ReorVM aDVoCata est, ergo sIne
Labe sIt.
= 1662
1 The five lines made on the initial letters MARIA seem to have been accidentally
omitted from the original print ; they ought to precede this line.
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
491
Anguis periit coram Eva
munda et alma.
Tu pia, munda e malo,
sacrive Agni Mater.
Io Regina amata, die tu :
En almfe pura sum.
Anima summe pura, en
Regia tota lucida.
Porta mirae lucis, euge
animata munda.
Luctum amari pomi eva-
dens, regia Nata.
En Paradisum, at ignotum
irae maculae.
Natum Dei genuit, pura
caro mea a malis.
Anguem elimino, casta
mater, pura, diva.
Duce amoris igne, tu alma
purfe animata.
O munda a macula per
merita Jesu Gnati !
Munda es, Regina, a tactu,
primaevo mali.
Immunis a macula, en
Deipara, ergo tuta.
Natum Dei lactavi, ego
amans mirfe pura.
Virgo semper munda,
intacta a vae mali.
Signum coeli, diva, pura,
en mater amata.
Tu ergo, i, jam per secula,
animata munda.
En civitas alma, pure
munda Regi amato.
Glare pura, ideo amantis
amatum genuL
Viget, Roma, en diva parens
Immaculata.
Munda a maculi, i, Jesum
parito, et regna.
ADest soLa VIrgo, sVper oMnes
speCIosa. =1662
TV pIa et pVra a MaLo, sanCta
DeIpara. = 1662
Io Casta DeIpara, tV *lMk
pVra. = 1662
An non regIa tota LVCIDa est
pVra Mater? . = 1662
Porta LVCIs tV Mater DeI. = 1662
Labe Careo; qVIa DeIpara ego
sVM. = 1662
En DVLCeDo Vera paraDIsI. = 1662
Non est^MaCVLata parens VerI
DeI. = 1662
AngeLIs pVrIor, DeVM Confero.= 1662
DeItatIs es speCVLVM.
= 1662
OMnes fILIas aD^e hmeC Vna
sVperat. = 1662
MVnDa est et pVra CceLI
regIna. = 1662
Integra est a MaCVLA DeIpara
ergo tVta. = 1662
NatVM DeI ego LaCtaVL = 1662
Virgo soLa DraConeM effVgIt.= 1662
SanCtorVM gLorIa tV DeIpara. = 1662
Te non tetIgIt MaCVLa aDjE et
EViE. = 1662
En CIVItas DeI nostrI aLtIs-
sIMI. = 1662
CLARfc pVra; IDeo a IesV aMata. = 1 662
VIget en DIVa parens CLara o
roMa. = 1662
MVnDa a CVLpA, I, parIto et
REGNA. = 1662
After some anagram allusions to Pope Alexander vii., there are
the following sixty chronograms 'of the year 1662, concerning the
Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, each one in sue-
492 THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
cession commencing with the letters which compose the words of this
' antiphon ' —
' HiEC EST VIRGA,1 IN QUA NEC NODUS ORIGINALIS, NEC CORTEX
ACTUALIS CULPiE FUIT.1
HiEC VIrgo DeIpara est Ipsa proprIa VIrga Iesse, In qVa
neC noDVs orIgInaLIs, neC CorteX aCtVaLIs NoXiE
fVIt. = 1662
uErVMna eV;e Carens peperIt; ergo sIne Labe ADiE nata est. = 1662
CjeLestI partV DIgna est; ergo a Matre tota pVra nata est. = 1662
est pVra ConserVata a Labe seMInIs ADiE. = 1662
SpIrItVs sanCtVs te habet sponsaM ; ergo Labes ADiE te
non tanget. = 1662
tVta soLa est a neCe DVrI poMI. = 1662
Vna DeIpara tota sIne MaCVLa. = 1662
INTACTA PRiESERVATA EST PARENS MESSliE A LABE ADiE ET eVjE.= 1 66 2
rea non fVIt In MaCVLa ADiE. = 1662
GENEROSA HiEC SOLA NATA EViE, PEPERlT SINE DoLORE ; ERGO
HiEC so La Caret peCCato ADiE et EViE. = 1662
ANNiE PROLES A CONTAGlO MVnDI PRiESERVATA. = 1662
IsTA TOTA PVRA SINE MaCVLa ADiE. = 1 662
NatVraM partICIpas, at non sorDes et Labes EViE. = 1662
qVIa DeVM generas, patrIa Labe Cares. = 1662
Vna ADiE nata a MorsV LetIfero serpentIs non taCta. = 1662
Ab ADiE Labe PRiESERVATA est soLa Mater saLVatorIs nostrI. = 1662
Non est MaCVLata VIrgo DeIpara. = 1662
ES PRiESERVATA LABE CaRENS PRiEVISA MORTE DeI. = 1662
ChrIstIfera est MVnDa a LapsV. = 1662
NON TETlGlT TE MVLCTA ADiE ET EViE. = 1662
OMnI Labe EViE VaCat DeIpara. = 1662
DeCeBAT TE A NATO PRiESERVARl A LABE MATRlS EViE. = 1 662
Vna Mater ChrIstI absqVe Labe ADiE. = 1661
SPONSA PARENS ET NATA EST DElTATlS, ERGO ABSQVE MaCVLA.= 1662
OMnes sVperat soLa beneDICta VIrgo. = 1662
rVat CoLVber pestIfer ante DeIparaM. = 1662
In te feCIt Magna soLVs potens DeVs. = 1662
GratIa DeI ante ortVM PRiESERVATA, Labe Carens nata est.= 1662
In ConCeptIone peCCatI nesCIa MarIa, plfe CoLItVr. = 1662
Ne teMporIs pVnCto sVbest DIaboLo. = 1662
aLeXanDer papa, oro te, DeCernas hanC In ConCeptIone
non peCCasse. = 1662
Labe Caret, si parItVra DeVM est. = 1662
1 These words occur in the ' Votive Masses of the Blessed Virgin Mary,' ' A rod of
Jesse hath budded,' etc.
OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN. 493
IgnorastI pVr£ LabeM aDm aC eVje. = 1662
SVM DeIpara InVenta; ergo Labe Careo. = 1662
NItIDa tota est, et absqVe MaCVLA. = 1662
esse Debet pVra parens agnI sIne MaCVLA. = 1662
CieLI DoMIna Vna tota pVra est. = 1662
CLara DebVIt esse DeIpara a n>eVo aDjE. = 1662
O VIrgo Mater tota LVCIDa es. = 1662
rIDet soLa MarIa faLsos astVs tVos faLse serpens. = 1662
tota pIa IVsta MVnDa et Labe Carens est. = 1662
eVjB et aDjE MaLI prorsVs nesCIa est. = 1662
XenIVM DatVr VnIVerso orbI, In haC VnA atqVe penItVs,
pVrA VIrgIne. = 1662
A Matre DeI proCVL est angVIs. = 1662
ChrIstIfera sVM; ergo a Labe aDm pVra. = 1662
Tota pVLChra es MarIa a sorDIbVs. = 1662
VnICa Mater DeI pLan& pVra. = 1662
Ab eVA MaCVLatA propagata; at tota nItIDa. = 1662
Libera est Vna et soLa InteMerata pLan£ a sorDe EViE.= 1662
InfeCta non est Mater DeI LVe eV*. = 1662
SIne MaCVLA aD^e est Vna sponsa Ioseph. = 1662
CapVt serpentIs Ipsa soLa pessVM Dat. = 1662
Vna PROLES ANNjE A CONTAGlO aDaMI PRjESERVaTA. = 1662
LapsVs aDaMI Vna est nesCIa. = 1662
Plfe, MarIa a sCoto (sic) tVetVr a Labe aDje. = 1662
^EMVLA EViE TOTA INTACTA ET NlTENS A SORDE. = 1 662
fILIa est ADiE et eVje, seD absqVe sorDe Creata. = 1662
VIrgo est A MaCVLa ADiE tota Integra. = 1662
IntaCta est soLa VIrgo DeVM generans. = 1662
te absqVe sorDe genItaM hoC Labore honoraVI. = 1662
soLI Deo et tIbI MarIa sIt perennIs LaVs
HONOR ET GLORIA. = 1662
Chrotiica.
pVLChrItVDo MarLe = 1662
tanDeM orbI pVbLICatVr = 1662
ab aLeXanDro roMano pontIfICe = 1662
pVrIssIMa DeCLaratVr. = 1662
IntaCta a Labe aDaMI atqVe EViE. = 1662
orDInIs seraphICI fILII IntegrItatIs DeI parentis
assertores et defensores. = 1 66 2
Alia.
aVe MarIa ChrIstIpara, fILIa patrIs sponsa DeI. = 1662
aVe DVLCeDo paraDIsI. = 1662
494
THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. ETC.
aVe MVLIer beneDICta =
aVe arCa et paLatIVM DeI. =
aVe DeIpara sIne MaCVLA. =
After the conclusion of these chronograms, we find the subjoined
square or labyrinth, composed of the following words —
tota pVra est DeIpara MaCVLa non est In ea. =
and we are told in the Latin sentence how many times they may be
read by following the letters along and down the lines of arrangement.
Chronographicurn
in laudem Beatissimae Virginis sine peccato originali concepts, quod
pleno sensu ad prodigium variari potest per millies decies centena
millia, centies mille chyliades, sexies mille sexcentas et octoginta
myriades, et ter mille, centum, et sex vices. Or, as they may be
translated —
A thousand times ten hundred thousand,
A hundred times a thousand chiliads (a chiliad = 1000?),
Six times one thousand six hundred and eighty myriads (a myriad =
10,000?),
And three thousand one hundred and six changes.
I do not undertake to reduce the author's elements into ordinary
figures, or to prove his calculations; or even to state how many
transpositions or combinations can be made out of the 34 letters. If
his own words 'pleno sensu' are to be taken as meaning that the full
sense of the words may be read such a vast number of times in
different directions, I must claim to reserve my belief.
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The notice of the marvellous work of the blind author, e composed
by the power of his memory,' as I find it in • Alva et Astorga,' comes
to an end shortly after this labyrinth. The number of anagrams is
150, and of chronograms 261. This extraordinary performance is at
least equalled by what now follows.
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION. 495
A NOTHER very remarkable work by the same blind author is
£\^ mentioned in cAlva et Astorga/ columns 712-723, to the
following effect : — Joannes Baptista Agnensis Cyrnaeus, Calvensis
Italus, attached to the court of Cardinal Julius Rospigliosi, composed
from the words of the angelic salutation, ' ave maria,' etc., 556 pure
anagrams for the Virgin pure and conceived entirely without original
sin, through the power of memory alone, for he was blind, and unable
to inspect any words written on paper. The author makes many sad
allusions to his blindness ; he exhibits great ingenuity in the arrange-
ment of the anagrams in various sections, and when we contemplate this
work and that already quoted at large, we cannot help being astonished
at the accomplishment of such a task. The production of 706 chrono- ^^ A, r ?
grams and 261 anagrams on the same original set of words, would be £/r c^o -
a performance of very great difficulty to any person in possession of
perfect eyesight. His last anagram line on the c Ave' is —
Virgo, i, munda Parens, Mater Arnica, vale !
This work seems to have been printed in 'broad-sheets,' there is
no mention of a book.
There are no chronograms.
LAMBERTUS PEV&E wrote 46 anagrams on the 'program*
of the angelic salutation, each containing 159 letters; each
anagram is associated with one or two chronograms, 84 in all,
which are allusive to passages in the Bible, but not composed of the
exact words ; they are rather an echo of the anagrams in Bible phrases.
The author is thus mentioned by Alva y Astorga, column 899-905 —
1 LAMBERTUS PEV&E, ordinis Minorum Belga, scripsit inter
alia, sequentia : Gloria Immaculatl concepts Dcipara Virginis MARiiE
totius ordinis Seraphici Patronae, variis S. Scripturae locis et chronicis
adumbrata, et 23 anagrammatibus prorsus puris, ex AngelicH Saluta-
tione integri, prout ab ecclesia recitanda proponitur deductis,
exornata.' Then follows what Pev^e wrote —
This is the ' programma,' containing 159 letters —
Ave Maria gratis plena, Dominus tecum, benedicta
tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui Jesus.
Sancta Maria, Mater Dei ora pro nobis peccatoribus
nunc et in hora mortis nostrae. Amen.
This is the first anagram thereon, containing 159 letters —
Siste Adam : ob Jesum Virgo summfe tuta vincet ;
in acerbi carnis ac mundi peste, ab hominum sordibus
pure intacta nitens a Romano pontifice declaratur.
Jure arbor vitae sanct& virens intus claret.
Having given this example, I pass over the anagrams ; they are
remarkable for their number and for their individual length, and are
496
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION.
undoubtedly the leading feature of the work, but not within my
particular subject; the chronograms apart from them are rather
devoid of interest The references are to the Vulgate Version.
pVLChrItVDo MarIae = 1662
tanDeM orbI pVbLICatVr. = 1662
ab aLeXanDro roMano pontIfICe. = 1662
pVrIssIMa DeCLaratVr. = 1662
DIrVM serpentIs CapVt pLanta proterens. Genesis iii. = 1662
tVrrIs ebVrnea CanDore spLenDIDa. Canticles vii. = 1662
LILIVM aLbI nItorIs Inter spInas aD-«. Canticles ii. = 1662
eVa sIne Vae MaLeDICto. Genesis iii. = 1662
CanDeLabrVM VerbI aeternI. Exodus xxv. = 1662
speCVLVM DeItatIs. Wisdom vii. = 1662
arCa nob DILVVIo non Mersa. Genesis vii. = 1662
MarIa rVbVs flagrante CharItate arDens. Exodus iii. = 1662
VeLLVs geDeonIs IMbre Largo rorans. Judges vi. = 1662
tVrtVr Casta Deo aMabILIs. Canticles ii. = 1662
DoMIna Vt soL VnICa. Canticles vi. = 1662
LVna pLena seMper fVLgIDIor. Canticles vi. = 1662
paLMa In CaDes eXorIens. Ecclesiasticus xxiv. = 1662
0D0R rosae aMoenae eXhaLans e IerICho. Same. = 1662
MarIa genVIna Deo rrInCIpI fILIa. Genesis vii. = 1662
VIrgo praeCLara Man£ aDIVta. Psalm xlv. = 1662
opes aMoenae hortI aD fVres CLaVsI. Canticles iv. = 1662
fons CLarVs ab oMnIpotente Deo sIgnatVs. Same. = 1662
thronVs sanCtVs DeI saLoMonIs. 3 Kings x. = 1662
DoMVs praeparata ChrIsto saLVatorI. i Chronicles xviii. = 1662
tota pVLChra est, tota DIVIna, tota forMosa, = 1662
paraDIsVs pVLCherrIMa. Canticles iv. = 1662
aVrora nItIDa ante soLeM ConsVrgens. Canticles vi. =• 1662
Deo Vero reCLInatorIVM. Canticles iii. = 1662
nVbes DIeI atrIs In tenebrIs CLarIssIMa. Psalm lxxvii. = 1662
non sorDens MaCVLA orbI gratI: obVenIt. = 1662
qVasI oLIVa De CaMpo. Ecclesiasticus xxiv. = 1662
narDo CoeLItVs IMbVta. Canticles i. = 1662
MarIa Vt aCIes orDInata hostI terrIbILIs. Genesis vi. = 1662
IVDIth fortIs MaLIgnI pernICIes. Judith xiiL = 1662
sVper aLtos ChrIstI Montes fVnData. Psalm lxxxvi. = 1662
gLorIosa DeI regIs oMnIpotentIs CIVItas. Same. = 1662
arCa pVra e LIgno setIM tota DeaVrata. Exodus xxv. = 1662
nato aDIVtorIVM pLaCens. Genesis (sic). = 1662
CoLVMna DIVIna. Canticles ii. =1662
aLtare DeaVratVM InCensI. Exodus xxxv. = 1662
orbIs nostrI DeCVs In aLtIssIMIs habItas. Ecclus. xxiv. = 1662
tabernaCVLVM DeItatIs. Psalm xlv. = 1662
IanVa aD orIenteM CLaVsa. Ezekielxliv. = 1662
CoLVMna IgnIs tenebras De orbe fVgans. Exodus xiii. = 1662
CeDrVs sVpreMa LIbanI. Ecclesiasticus xxiv. = 1662
THE ANGELIC SALUTATION. 497
MIrrha et LeCta sVaVIter oDora. Same. = 1662
Veste DeaVrata regaLIter aMICta. Psalm xliv. = 1662
DILata noVItas sVper terraM faCta. Jeremiah xxxi. (?) = 1662
♦■•■♦
ego VIrgo nIgra, seD pVLCHRfe forMosa. Canticles i. == 1662
ego pLatanVs MIstICa prope aqVas fronDens. Eccl. xxiv. 14.= 1662
ego fLorIDVs fLorIs thaLaMVs. Canticles i. =1662
ego aroMatICa e Deserto VIrgVLa. Canticles iii. = 1662
ego aqVa VItae De LIbano DesCenDens. Canticles iv. = 1662
ego aManDa ChrIstI soror parVVLa. Canticles viii. = 1662
ego CoLVMna nVbIs per DIes. Exodus xiii. = 1662
ego InVIoLata foeDerIs arCa MIIsterIIs referta. Exod. xxvi. = 1 662
ego terra saCerDotaLIs trIbVtVM non praebens. Gen. xlvii.= 1662
ego InCensVM VItae reDoLeo. Leviticus xvi. = 1662
ego tabernaCVLVM DeItatIs. Psalm xlv. = 1662
The twenty-six chronograms which then follow are repetitions of
some of those which have gone before, but adapted to different
anagrams. The whole concludes with the following words, from
which it may be inferred that the work of Pev£e had not been printed
before the publication by Alva y Astorga —
' Habemus manuscripta apud nos, in 4V
FRANCISCUS GODINUS of Brussels wrote a book which is
mentioned by Alva et Astorga, column 427-431 ; the title
commences, ' ACHROSTICA CHRONICA, sive Litania Chrono-
grammatica Deiparse V. Mariae sine originali peccato concept®,' etc
The translation whereof in full is to this effect — Acrostic chronograms,
otherwise a Chronogrammatic Litany of Mary the Virgin mother of
God, conceived without original sin, put forth when the bull for
the Immaculate Conception of the same Virgin, issued at Rome
by Pope Alexander vn. on 3d December 166 1, was published at
Brussels with the greatest solemnity and ceremony on 3d April 1662,
at the instance of King Philip iv. the Catholic, and by the command
of Andrew Creusen, archbishop of Mechlin and primate of Belgium.
Magnificat anima mea Dominum et exultavit spiritus
meus in Deo salutari meo.
Anagramma.
Sum Immaculata Virgo Deipara, satanas de me nil
tenuit, mox jus meum notum fiet.
[The initial letters of the following litany, beginning at the word
alma, compose these words, ' Ave I gratis plena Dominus tecum,
benedicta tu in mulieribus, et benedictus fructus ventris tui Jesus ;
sancta Maria Mater Dei ora pro nobis peccatoribus nunc et in hor&
mortis nostra.']
3*
498 THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
Litania Chronogrammatica.
VnI CanteMVs Deo kyrIe eLeyson, = 1662
pI£ et DeVotI: soneMVs ChrIste eLeyson. = 1662
eVge DICaMVs kyrIe eLeyson. = 1662
ChrIste fe Matre absqVe Labe, aVDI nos. = 1662
tV pater t CoeLo DeVs, MIserere nobIs. = 1662
fILI saLVator orbIs, eDIte parente sIne Labe, ) 66
MIserere nobIs. j
soLator DeVs sponse pLanI: absqVe Labe sponse, ) = ,,
MIserere nobIs. j
sanCta trInItas In Vno Deo orIgo sponsae sIne Labe, ) = ,,
MIserere nobIs. j
ALMa DeIpara noXae nesCIa. = 1662
VlRGO absqVe aDaMI Labe reCepta, = 1662
eIa Casta prae reLIqVIs nItIDIssIMa. = 1662
GenIaLIs Mater absqVe VLLa sorDe. = 1662
RegIna aDae aVt eVae MaLa nesCIens. = 1662
Ab aDae CVLpa tVtIssIMa. = 1662
TVta ab oMnI CVLpa DeIpara. = 1662
Ignorans pLaCVLVM aDae. = 1662
aLtera eVa, seD pVra et sanCta, Ignorans anterIoreM. = 1662
pIa DeLICtVM non habens eVae. = 1662
Labe DVrI poMI tVta Carens. = 1662
kIa pIa a CVLpa MVnDa. = 1662
nItIDa pVra non MaCVLata. = 1662
aLabe orIgInea MVnDa aC pVra. = 1662
DeIpara absqVe CVLpa anIMata. = 1662
O DeIpara sIne MaCVLa eVae. = 1662
Mater DeI pVra sIne CVLpa, = 1662
Integra et absqVe CVLpa aDaMI. = 1662
Non MaCVLata parens, seD orIgIne pVra. = 1662
YlRGO DeIpara a sCeLere priMo (sfc) serVata. = 1662
SeCVnDa eVa, sIne Labe prIMae. = 1662
Ter sanCta MVnDa sIne Labe VIrgo, = i66t
eLeCta et DIVa pneVMatIs sponsa = 1662
CLara IDea pVrItatVM. = 1662
VIrgo aDae CVLpaM Ignorans. = 1662
Mater DeI a Labe VnICA praeserVata. = 1662
BENEDICT A ANTE oMNES ABSQVE LaBE VIRGO. = 1 662
eIa eVa, seD eVae MaLa nesCIens. = 1662
NItIDa et absqVe MaCVLa. = 1662
Enthea VIrgo MVnDa aC sIne Labe. = 1662
DoMIna sIne Labe pVra atqVe Casta. = 1662
I'nVIoLata Mater aC a Deo praeserVata. = 1662
OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY. 499
Casta MVnDI regIna a Labe tVta. = 1662
tVta absqVe Labe aDaMItICa. = 1662
AborIgInea CVLpa MVnDa. = 1662
Tota sIne MaCVLa aDae InVenta. = 1662
VIrgo DeIpara non MaCVLata. = 1662
IntaCta DeIpara a Labe eXeMpta. = 1662
Non MaCVLata, qVIa DIgna. = 1662
Mater ab orIgInea sorDe soLa eXCepta. = 1662
VIrgo seCVra De oMnI Labe. = 1662
Laeta neC obnoXIa DeI Mater. = 1662
Integra a Labe aDaMI eXCepta. = 1662
EXCepta DeI Mater sIne Labe. = 1662
Rara absqVe CrIMIne et LVe aDae. = 1662
InteMerata DeIpara soLa eXCepta. = 1662
Beata DeI Mater a Labe VnICA serVata = 1662
VlRGO MVnDa Casta sIne Labe. = 1662
SanCta et foeLIX DeI Mater. = 1662
EXeMpta ab orIgInea CLaDe. = 1662
Tota pVLChra VIrgo DeI Mater. = 1662
beneDICta VIrgo Mater absqVe Labe. = 1662
EIa DIgna MVLIer, arborIs prohIbItae non partICeps. = 1662
NItIDa et absqVe MaCVLa. = 1662
ELeCta DeI Mater sIne noXa. = 1662
DeIpara pIa neqVaqVaM LabefaCta. = 1662
In aeternVM beneDICta absqVe Labe. = 1662
CLara DeI Mater sIne noXA. = 1662
TVta sIne Labe aDaMI aC eVae. = 1662
VlRGO DeIpara orIgInaLIs MaLI nesCIa. = 1662
SIne noXA aLMa et beneDICta. = 1662
fILIa DeI patrIs, fILIIqVe Laeta Mater. = 1662
regIs Mater VaLDe pIa Casta et pVra. = 1662
VlRGO pIa aC pLane MVnDa. = 1662
Casta et ab aDae noXa oMnIno LIbera. = 1662
TV serVata a CLaDe prIMarIa. = 1662
VlRGO MarIa ab aDae sCeLere pVra. = 1662
SoLa MVnDa Casta pVra.ab orIgIne. = 1662
VlRGO Mater a Labe CVstoDIta. = 1662
EIa DIVa non MaCVLata. = 1662
NItIDa aC pVra absqVe Labe Mater. = 1662
Ter Casta et DIVa MVLIer. = 1662
regIna MVnDI Casta et a Labe tVta. = 1662
Innata a CLaDe pit eXeMpta. = 1662
SanCta MVLIer DlGNfe praeserVata = 1662
ter DIVa Casta saLVa et pIa Mater. = 1662
5oo THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION
VlRGO Data sIne CrIMIne orIgInaLI. = 1662
Integra et sIne MaCVLa aDae et eVae. = 1662
IMago, et ante oCVLos ponenDa VIrgo. = 1662
kLeCta VIrgo et DIVa Mater. = ^62
SIne CVLpa aDaMI et eVae. =s ^fa
VlRGO praeMVnIta a Labe aDae aC eVae. = 1662
SanCta VIrgo Mater a Deo sIne Labe serVata. = 1662
SanCta MarIa sIne Labe aDe aVt eVae. = 1662
AngeLIs qVae pVrIor CoraM Deo. = 1662
Non MaCVLata, at pVra et nItIDa. = 1662
Casta et DIVa MVLIer. — x662
TVtIssIMa a aDae CVLpA. = x662
AB orIgIne pVra CLara et MVnDa. = 1662
Mater DeCora InVIoLata et pVra. = 1662
AbsqVe orIgInea aDae MaCVLa. = x662
Rara et Chara reLIqVarVM IDea. = ^62
Inter MVLIeres a Deo ConserVata. = 1^62
AB orIgInea CVLpa MVnDa. — I6$2
Mater DeI Carens LVe aVIta. = ^62
AB orIgInea sorDe CLara et eXeMpta. = t^2
TV terrae DeLICIVM. -. X552
eIa pIa MVnDa a CVLpA. = l66a
rIte MICans et VaLDe pVra. — l6$2
DeIpara qVae CoeLVM aperIs. = x^2
ELIDens CapVt serpentIs pVra Mater. — T^2
Inter oMnes VnICe ab aDae Labe serVata. = r662
O VIrgo In DeLICto orIgInaLI non anIMata. = 1662
ReLIqVarVM Chara IDea. — T^2
Ante orIgIneM pVrIfICata ab orIgInaLI sorDe. = 1662
pVra aC aLMa VIrgo DeIpara. = x^2
regIna MVnDI Labe VaCans. = x^2
O Mater DeCora pVra et InVIoLata. = ^62
NonqVaM LabefaCta VIrgo DeIpara. = j662
OrIgInaLI VItIo DeIpara MarIa Carens. = 1662
Beata VIrgo sIne MaCVLa aDae. = t^2
InVIoLata Mater haVD LabefaCta. = 2662
SIne CVLpA aDaMI et eVae. = 2^2
PIa CVMVLata DonIs. = ,55,
EXeMpta DeIpara ab Innato sCeLere. = j662
Casta et ab aDae noXa oMnIno LIbera. = 1662
Casta et angeLIs pVrIor ante DeVM. = rffo
AVIta CLaDe oMnIno tVta. — t^2
TotI CoeLo gaVDIVM = t^2
O Mater De CaeLo qVae VenIstI. = T^2
RegIs pIa parens haVD MaCVLata =1662
OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY. 501
Integra DeIpara absqVe MaCVLa. = 1662
BasILICa Mater a Deo pVra praeserVata. = 1662
VIrgo MarIa Casta absqVe Labe aDae. = 1662
SanCtIssIMa parens absqVe Labe aDae et eVae. = 1662
Non InVenta MaCVLata DeIpara. = 1662
VIrgo DIgna Carens Labe parentVM. = 1662
Non MaCVLata VIrgo DeIpara. = 1662
Carens DeIpara MarIa orIgInaLI VItIo. = 1662
kVge sIne Labe CVstoDIta Mater. =5 1662
TrIaDIs speCVLVM. = 1662
Integra absqVe VLLA Labe aDaMI. = 1662
Ne VtIqVaM In sCeLere aDae. = 1662
HaVD LabefaCta parens, at pVra ab orIgIne Mater. = 1662
O DIVa hVManae saLVtIs QaVsa. (This makes 1672.)
rara et pVra sIne CVLpA aDaMI. = 1662
AB orIgIneA sorDe CLara et eXeMpta. = 1662
Mater DeI pVra sIne CVLpA. = 1662
O gaVDIVM CoeLI. = 1662
regIna DIVa CoeLorVM. = 1662
tVrrIs ebVrnea Carens Labe aDaMI. = 1662
Integra DeIpara et absqVe MaCVLA. =3 1662
SIne MaCVLA DIVa. = 1662
NItIDa pVra non MaCVLata. = 1662
OrIgIneA a CVLpA MVnDa. = 1662
SanCta et pIa a LapsV aDaMI tVta. = 1662
tVtIssIMa ab aDae CVLpA. = 1662
rara absqVe aDaMI sCabIe et LVe. = 1662
AbsqVe CVLpA aDae ante orIgIneM. = 1662
eIa VaLe DoMIna pVra et Casta. = 1662
sIC DIVa Mater VaLe. = 1662
VaLe VaLe sIne Labe aDaMI. = 1662
beneDICta In aeternVM VaLe. = 1662
agnVs DeI aVferens sCeLera nostra MIserere. = 1662
agnVs DeI aVferens sCeLera nostra MIserere. = 1662
agnVs DeI aVferens sCeLera nostra MIserere. = 1662
y. ora pro nobIs DeIpara pVra non MaCVLata. = 1662
1%. Vt nobIs sIt CLeMens DeVs. = 1662
Oremus. Deus, qui per Immaculatam Virginis Conceptionem
dignum Filio tuo habitaculum praeparasti ; quaesumus, ut qui ex
morte ejusdem Filij sui praevisa, earn ab omni labe praeservasti ;
nos quoque mundos ejus intercessione ad te pervenire concedas.
Per eundem Christum Dominum nostrum Filium tuum, qui tecum
vivit et regnat in unitate Spiritus Sancti Deus per omnia saecula
saeculorum. Amen. Paulus v. 16 15. 10 Julii concessit 100 dies
Indulgentiarum devote hanc Oratione recitantibus.
$02
THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS
Celeuma sive Exhortatio.
hanC VIrgIneM absqVe Labe aDorate. = 1662
qVonIaM -De CoeLo VenIt. = 1662
IMo DIgna prorsVs sIne sCabIe orIgInaLI. = 1662
LIbera Verat ILLaM DeVs. (stc.) = 1662
kmC enIM fVtVra erat Laeta DeIpara. = 1662
DeVM In Carne LAETfe parItVra. = 1662
MaCVLa haVD est In IstA. = 1662
Ipsa a CVLpA aDae oMnIno tVta. = 1662
ILLa MlRfe pVra a LapsV aDae. = 1662
MaCVLa aDae In eA non est VIa. = 1662
MVnDa ILLa atqVe sIne Labe. = 1662
peperIt ILLa absqVe Labe DeVM. = 1662
pVra DeI Mater non LabefaCta fVIt. = 1662
Ad Virginem immaculatam.
VIrgo Mater sIne Labe te aDVoCo. = 1662
saLVaM te praeDICo VIrgo. = 1662
LVes parentVM nIhIL pLan£ aD te. = 1662
pestIfera qVID LVes teCVM? (This makes 1667.)
nIL prorsVs Casta et DIVa Mater. = 1662
qVaM LAETfe pVr*: et CASTfe IngreDerIs ! = 1662
beneDICVnt te genItaM absqVe Labe. =s 1662
tota CIVItas absqVe Labe nataM te aDorat. = 1662
MaLIgnVs a te reCeDat angVIs, = 1662
qVIn et oMnIno reCeDat LoNGi pVra, = 1662
qVIa aDae CVLpaM Ignoras. = 1662
eIa VIrgo toLLat per te MaLa nostra DeVs. = 1662
InterIM tV VaLe, 6 DeCora. = 1662
Amen. Lib. impress. Bruxellis, 1662, in 8°.
JACOBUS POCHETIUS or Pochet wrote a book containing
acrostic chronograms on the words of the Angelic Salutation and
the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which is
thus mentioned by Alva y Astorga, ' Jacobus Pochetius, Belga poeta in
Hbro APOLL1NIS SPIRITUALIS ORACULUM, sive pro elec-
tione Imperatoris ad sacros Imperii Electores, etc, fol. 48, in saluta-
tionem Angelicam, ad illud : Ave Maria ; inquit : Ave Regina cceli,
quae fuisti et eris semper sine vse peccati. Ave pax, gaudium et salus
mundi, etc Vide alia ibi. Lib. impress. Francofurti, 1658, in I2.'1
1 I possess a copy of the work bearing this title, procured at Frankfort. It is dated
Ad, consequently, it does not contain the
A notice of my copy is at page 505, infra.
165 1, and, consequently, it does not contain the chronograms which follow, of the year
J
THE WORKS OF JACOBUS P0CHET1US.
ChronICa aChrostICa pL* VIrgI^I
MatrI Labe CarentI saCra.1
aVe Mater DeI Chara, VIrgo pLena gratIA.
Vers CLara pIetas et pVra DeI IMago.
eVge MaLI In te aD.* et eVae nesCIa.
Magna DeIpara VnICe tVta a LabIs nota.
a neCe Interna DVrI poMI soLa serVata.
regIna CceLI, Io 1 tota pVra et MVnDa.
Ignoras CVLpa Me Vm o pIa DeIpara.
angeLIs pVrIor Ipsa DeVM Confers.
gaVDe, tV a MaLItIa es IntaCta.
regIna pVLCherrIMa VIrgo Deo grata.
a MaLo eVae VaCas, Io pIa DeIpara.
tVta es, o DIgna regIna, MaCVLa non est In te.
In spLenDore eXorta es, pIa et sanCta MarIa.
arCa In te pVra, aLMa VIrgo DeIpara,
porta LVCIs tV nobIs es, o Mater DeI !
LapsVs aCreatVs aDaMI non te tangIt et angIt.
en Ipsa es habItaCVLVM DeI.
naeVVs non est In te, o IntaCta DeIpara.2
aVLa DeI pVrItate MICans es.
DVLCeDo speI a sVperIs nobIs Data,
o VERfe beneDICta Inter MVLIeres !
MVnDa orIgo es et pVra CceLI regIna.
IVgVM aDae LoNGfe est a te, o sanCta pIetas.2
natVM DeI LaCtans Ipsa VIrgo es.
VERfe MVnDa, sanCtae pIetatIs pLena orIgo.
sanCtorVM gLorIa VIrgo DeIpara.
tV DIgna es sIne MaCVLa notIs.
en VIrgo CLara Ipsa DeVM parIs.
CanDore nItens sVperas oMnes fILIas eVae.
Vera CLarItas a nobIs oMnIno VeneranDa.
Mater pIetatIs VaLe o VIrgo DeCora.
oraCVLVM assIstens fIDeI.
Sive
\-
s
I
N
ConCeptIo
M
A
c
V
L
aC peCCatI naeVo.
S©3
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
1663
S« 1663
1 The initial letters of the lines which follow are the acrostic here alluded to on the
words of the Angelic Salutation. * These two chronograms are imperfect
5<>4 THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
Sive
MarLg DeIparje pVrItatIs et I _ ^
IntegrItatIs CLara assertIo J 3
eDItIo seCVnDa DILatatVr = 1663
pro Magno Dono et feLICI XenIo = 1663
Haec actu phoebi socius Theoremata pangit
Ut, quicumque leget, fit pietatis amans.
etc etc. etc.
The author explains, in hexameter and pentameter verses ad-
dressed to the Virgin Mary, that he, ' a companion of Phoebus,' will
sing her praises in 100 acrostic anagrams composed on the words of
the ' ave/ the Angelic Salutation. (Then follow the 100 anagrams,
each being accompanied by a hexameter and pentameter couplet)
These are followed by an * elegiac oration ' to her in verse —
pIje MarLe DeIparjE VIrgInI oratIo eLegIaCa. = 1663
Then the angel Gabriel addresses her in acrostic verses on the
Angelic Salutation —
angeLI gabrIeLIs saLVtatIo hIs pIIs ) = 66
repetenDa MetrIs. J 3
The verses then follow, hexameters and pentameters, the former
being the acrostic lines of the couplets. The author then brings this
remarkable work to a conclusion in an ode to the Virgin Mary, as if
to sum up the whole subject to which he had devoted so much labour.
The number of anagrams made by the several writers on the
words of the Angelic Salutation, which are transcribed or alluded to
in the foregoing extracts, is truly astonishing ; all were intended to
enforce the teaching of the now accepted dogma of the Immaculate
Conception, and probably they were advanced as an argument that
the truth of it is inherent in the very words. It must, however, be
remembered that the same words are capable of being made into
other anagrams, with meanings different from the teaching in question,
or even in direct opposition to it And as for the acrostic chrono-
grams, they prove neither the truth nor the fallacy of any teaching ;
they are nevertheless curious, and are simply the date chosen by the
writers of them.
THE WORKS OF
JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
lACOBUS POCHETIUS, or Pochet, made more than
one addition to chronogrammatic literature. In the
preceding chapter, at page 502, we had one work under
notice, of which I have never seen an original copy. In
a note to that page, I mention another work (or perhaps
a first edition thereof) in my possession, of which I propose now to
give some account ; and at page 508 infra, I notice a third work by
him. It is reasonable to suppose, from his own words in the sub-
joined title, that he wrote and published other chronograms, but I
have made no discovery in that direction.
The title is, ' APOLLINIS SPIRITUALS ORACULUMte
Lumine Dei luminosum, de melle coeli mellifluum, gratis plenum
odoribus condimentum,
Et morum Flos hie, nectar qui sensibus hales.
Sive
V L PEA
RE E ATIO I T TIS,
L V V R U '
prsefulgidis mentis ornamentis plena, et gloriosis Crucis mysteriis
passim decora et adornata: Oblatio votiva curiosis cujusvis statfts
Philomusis pro prsepostera sequentium annorum in saecula sseculorum
STRENA
D. IACOBI POCHET
Liber unicus, tres alios, calamo quidem, sed nondum
typis exaratos, precedens.
Bruxellae,
Typis Joannis Mommarti 1651.'
The dedication is to Leopold, Archduke of Austria, governor of
the Netherlands, whom the author addresses in Latin hexameter and
pentameter verse, in acrostic verses, and other fanciful compositions ;
these chronograms are among them —
3S
5<>6 THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
Tu decor es Belgis pietatis luce coruscans,
Exemplisque piis ut Jubar Ipse micas.
esse tVIs Ver& sIDVs LeopoLDe pVtarIs, 1 .
aVt phcebVs parens, eXorIensqVe DIes. j ~~ 5°
eXorerIs sIDVs patriae soL gratVs, ab ortV ) _ ,
sVpra nos Mentes eXILIAre tVo. j "" s°
A curious engraving in the original work represents a great star
(sidus), with the letter A in the centre (surrounded by eight lesser
stars or ' beatitudes '), and thus inscribed —
D
LEOPOLDVS AVSTRIACVS.
A'fl £>
6> O <*
The words which are thus arranged in the star are anagrams,
and are to be read as follows —
(Program.) Leopoldus Austriacus.
{Directus a polo salvus.
Lude solus autor pacis.
Repulsas valido scuto.
The whole is surmounted by a crown, the band inscribed —
PROAVIS UT SOL ADLUCBS.
CLARUS TUUS DIES A POLO.
TU DAS PLUS CLARO IOSUE.
At page i the author commences the work itself under the subor-
dinate title ' Jacobi Pochet epigrammata singularia/ and he continues
his subject, under this and other subordinate titles, to the end on
page 366. All the epigrams, poems, and other compositions, 1404 in
number, have a moral and devotional purpose ; the author frequently
introduces an arrangement of words in the form of a cross, similar to
that at page 503 ante, and throughout the book are to be seen a sort of
labyrinth, or logogryph * sentences, of which I shall presently give an
1 See Chronograms y pp. 342, 481, 485 ; and at places in the present volume.
THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
5°7
example. Anagrams are also plentiful, but as they are not within my
subject, I pass diem over, and proceed to extract such of the chrono-
grams as will be of sufficient interest apart from their accompanying
text They are not numerous, nor do they mark any event or date,
other than a peace jubilee and the date of the book itsel£ The refer-
ence numbers are those of the epigrams, etc., and not the page on
which they are printed.
No. 20. LVX MEA SIT IESVS, CVnCTjE PROCVL ITE TENEBRiE, ) _
eXCeLLens sVrget noster In orbe nItor. / ""
Supplex hujus operis chronicum.
No. 26. a sVperIs Vates phoeboqVe faVente reqVIrIt )
Vt pIa MVsa CrebrIs sIt sVa DIgna tYpIs J
aD LeCtoreM aliud simile chronicum. =
VtILIter CVnCtIs CVpIo pIa pIngere Metra ; )
tV faC qVI LegIs HiEC, sis bonVs atqVe pIVs. / ""
Votum chronicum.
sIt bona paX VatI VIVo, reqVIesqVe perennIs ) _
DefVnCto, tanta Dote, faVente Deo. J ""
Aliud unicuique votivum chronicum.
ABVNDANTlA GRATIjE, ET PAX
reDIVIVa nobIs sIt,
Dante IVbILeo
VnIVersaLI.
Strena chronographica.
gLorIa per sVperos Deo, paXqVe
VbIqVe hoMInIbVs bon.* VoLVntatIs.
tIbI
hlmQ
No. 27.
No. 28.
No. 66.
No. 120. qVInqVe pIVs Vates <
saCra
MonastICa
sCrIbIt.
pro nobIs passI VVLnera qVInqVe CoLens.
No. 451. Chronicon votivum pads.
fIat paX o ChrIste IesV eX abVnDantIa )
MAGNiE VlRTVTlS tVm. J
No. 454. annVLVs ConCorDLe, et paCIs pVbLIG* )
faCtVs est, et DatVr pro XenIo >
hVIVs annI. j
No. 1269. De Jubilaei universalis anno.
In VIrtVte CrVCIs qV6D hIC est bene prosper Vs annVs, )
prospera CVnCta ferens DIWs apoLLo probat. /
No. 298. Example of logogryph verses —
Pat .
Christo M lenti, Bidistichon.
In Cruce pro ^nctis n*101™ ^ctus^6 Potenter
Vis in ani ^ Christe dol _ pati.
t j lOroso . ore r
Ipse dol vis in am mon.
1650
1650
1650
1650
5o8 THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
No. 521. Example of a puzzle —
O I quid I tua I te I «wrt *.„***+
Be I bis? I bia I abit. | Ergo superbe,
Te tarn subter eas, qukm super ire rogas.
The first lines are to read thus — O superbe quid superbis? tua
superbia te superabit.
A curious book in the library of the Rev. Walter Begley, bearing
J\ the title APOLLO SPIRITUALIS, etc (8-, pp. 150), is a
collection of Latin hymns and devotional poems, with 238 chrono-
grams, which stand mostly as titles or themes to the poetry ; a great
many anagrams (perhaps 200) are also scattered through the work,
having the same purpose. The chronograms themselves are not
especially interesting ; they neither mark any historical events, nor
possess any biographical application; they generally express some
devotional thought or maxim, and all contain one and the same date,
167 1, that of the publication of the book. I have extracted 48 as
examples, and they fairly represent the character of the remaining
190. The author's name is Jacobus Pochet, and the book was
printed at Lilge in 1671. The title-page is all in chronogram, and is
as follows —
apoLLo spIrItVaLIs 1
gratIaM DeI pIe eXponens. j 7I
Sive
gratIa MagnaLIa DeI
reLeVans et sVa nobIs pIIs reVeLans.
DIgnI pIetatIs genII
opVsCVLVM.
aVthore IaCobo poChet CgeLIbe aMpLIora
gratLe CceLestIs pIgnora eXpeCtante.
ileC InterIM XenIa DILIge et eI faVe.
{Imprint) Leodii, Typis Henrici Hoyoux Typogr. Jur. Civitatis sub
signo S. Francisci Xaverii. 1671. Superiorum permissu.
On the back of the title-page are the following chronograms, and
between them a device combining the rays of the sun and a Maltese
cross, with a flying dove in the centre —
DonVM InCLIta VIr- I fi
tVtIs et pIetatIs. j 7I
-
1671
}-
1671
}-
1671
1671
o
gratIa soLIs sVI raDIIs 1 6
InsIgnIter pIos ILLVMInans. J 7
And on the next page is the following —
r
THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS. 509
tItVLI qVIDaM spIrItVs sanCtI = 1671
Sive
LaVDes pro MagnIfICIs gratIa: XenIIs. = 1671
1.
prInCIpIVM Vera saLVtIs gratIa DeL = 167 1
2.
VerItas spIrItVs DoMInI nobIs LVCerna. = 167 1
3.
aManDa CERTk Vera LVX gratIa. = 167 1
4.
gratIa VIrtVtIbVs hoMInes DItans CLarItas. = 1671
5.
gratIa CceLestIs se Dans pIIs In XenIVM. = 167 1
6.
aMpLItVDo gratLe In faVore spIrItVs sanCtI. s= 167 1
7.
OMEN DE CCELO PAX ROBVR VlTiE. = 1 67 1
The dedication follows next, to Maximilian-Henry, Archbishop of
Cologne, Bishop and Prince of Lilge and Hildesheim, Duke, Count
Palatine, etc., with an engraving containing an armorial shield, and
this motto —
LeoDIVM regItVr IVstItIa aC pIetate. = 167 1
Some verses (on the next page) to him have this title —
serenIssIMo VERfeQVE DIgno prInCIpI saLVs. = 167 1
Other verses, with anagrams on his name, are accompanied by
these complimentary and dedicatory chronograms —
PRO ENCoMIo GRATliE DIVINjE TViEQVE ALTJE SERENlTATlS. = 1 67 1
SIC ALTjB TViE serenItatI I
sVppLICIter proCLaMat >=* 167 1
IaCobVs poChet. )
The following are some of the titles to the hymns and verses —
Page 2. proLogVs gratLe sanCtI spIrItVs aD oMnes
VenIentIs. = 167 1
Page 3. IntroItVs aD aLtare gratIa sVprena nobIs
MVnIfIC/e. = 167 1
Page 5. oMen De CceLo paX VenIens ab orIente gratIa
pro benIgnItate annI. = 167 1
Page 10. CharItas LItteratIM notat bIs qVatVor beatI-
tVDInes. = 167 1
Page n. gratIa aD LeCtoreM Vera faVstaqVe pr/efatVr.= 1671
aD gratIaM aVthor et LeCtor sVa Vota referVnt. = 167 1
Page 13. aVthor pilesentIs De gratIa opVsCVLI se nobIs
et posterIs ManIfestat. = 1671
Page 17. MVnDVs nos faLLet, gratIa soLa nos tVetVr. = 167 1
510 THE WORKS OF JACOBUS POCHETIUS.
Page 20. perse VerantIa In bonIs operIbVs est pIIs CoeLeste
DonVM. = 167 1
Page 27. oratIo pro habenDa ab aVthore et LegentIbVs
proMpte spIrItVs sanCtI gratIa. = 167 1
O Deus Sancti amoris,
Spiritus sancte, ardoris
Flammas spirans nobis
Fac fruamur tuis donis.
Utinam hoc opusculum
Sit dignum Te preconium ;
Sit miseris in solatium
Et multis sit in premium, etc.
Page 32. InVoCatIo pro benIgnItate et gratIa DbI spIrItVs
aLtIssIMI. = 167 1
Page 39. rIthMVs spIrItVaLIs De spIrItV sanCto. = 167 1
Page 44. ConsILIa QViEDAM ab InspIrante et VatI faVente
gratIa. = 1671
Page 47. DIVIna gratIa orIgo VERiE DVLCeDInIs. = 167 1
Page 55. qVaDaM seqVens serIes a LeCtore serVetVr. = 167 1
Page 56. CentVM et qVInqVagInta trIa pretIosa gratIa
DeI taLenta. =1671
Then follow 153 of the anagrams on the words Dei gratia, Gratia
Divina, and Gratia ccelestis, all serving as titles to particular poems.
Possibly the number 153 is chosen in allusion to die ' one hundred
and fifty and three great fishes/ see St John xxL n. Anagrams on
other general titles occur occasionally afterwards, and the chronogram
titles again appear —
Page 105. A gratIa DeI sVnt ileC tot pIa et spIrItVaLIa
MVnera. = 1671
Page 109. gaVDete Vos feLICes per tot sVperna MVnera.= 1671
Page 112. gLorIa spIrItVI sanCto ob gratLe sV* tot Data
nobIs MVnera. = 167 1
Page 113. aVthor piuesentIs opVsCVLI De seMet pIIs aIt
Ita. = 1671
Page 115. pLena VerItatIs CognItIo seMper a DeI gratIa
eXtat. = 167 1
Page 123. gratIa CceLestIs InsIgnIter DeVotos oMnes pro-
tegIt et tVetVr. = 1671
Page 132. MatrI DIVInae gratLe pIa gratIVnCVLa. = 1671
„ pIVs BENlGNiE VIrgInIs MarLe DeIpar« CLIens
agIt eI gratIas. = 167 1
Page 133. aVthorIs pIetas VaLeDICIt sVIs MetrIs. = 167 1
Page 141. gaVDet aVthor ob pII LIbeLLI sVI fIneM, = 167 1
LepIDIs CoMparatIonIbVs fInIens hos VersVs. = 1671
The 'pleasing verses' thus announced by the author, by way of a
finish, are after the manner of that celebrated work by Thomas k
THE WORKS OF JACOBUS P0CHET1US. 5"
Kempis, ' De Imitatione Christi/ and the work terminates with a few
verses thus addressed to the author —
prjeCLaro et ConspICVo VIro IaCobo poChet ) = l6
hoC De gratIa DeI opVs pangentI. J '
• • • • •
Ita applaudebat nicolaus le febvre Asceta Villariensis.
The last page of the book contains the usual official approbation
and authority to print, they are somewhat special and interesting.
They are as follows —
CENSURA.
Hoc insigne ac nobile Metrum a Domino Jacobo Pochet procla-
matum multiplicia Gratise Dei dona, et grati in omnium bonorum
Authorem animi officia pife maturfe et candidfe commendat; quare
publicam per Typos lucem meretur.
61 Servatii Sacra Theoiogice Doctor et Archiepiscopalis
Librorum Censor Lovanii.
aLLVDens gratLe-MaterLe hVIVs LIbrI approbatIo. = 167 1
A multis annis moralia Disticha scribens
Es docti dignus Vatis habere decus :
Perlegitur celebrata tuis dum Gratia metris
Authoris Grati nomen habere potes.
R P. Bartholomcus IfAstroy.
APPROBATIO.
Poema de Gratia gratum elegans et ingeniosum compositum a
Jacobo Pochet Authore grato et gratioso meretur laudem et lucem.
Hac 16 Aprilis 1671.
Franciscus Zutman. Examinator Synodalis.
FACULTAS ORDINARII
Poterit typis darL Hac 13. Maii. 1671.
y. Ernest Baro de Surlez, Vicarius Genera/is Leodien.
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
SMALL insignificant-looking, but probably a rare book
(British Museum, press-mark 117 12. aa. 17), 8°, is in
two parts by the same author, Johannes Avianius.
The first consists of a tragi-comedy in Latin, entitled,
1 Miles vagus seu mendicans,' consisting of thirty-six
pages, and the book is catalogued under that title. The second part
is entitled 'Seculum vertens; Eteostichis novis heroicis, a Joanne
Avianio Tuntorphinati donatum. (Halae) Anno 1597/ It is entirely
in Latin, and gives the date of some historical event in each year
from 1500 to 1596, in hexameter chronograms printed in plain italics,
without any mark whatsoever (capital letters or otherwise) to distin-
guish the date letters. Chronograms are seldom found thus printed.
Some examples are noticed at p. 134, ante. I have extracted all the
chronograms, printing the date letters in the usual manner. The
copy of the work which I have made use of is in many places difficult
to read, the print being blurred and defective, and the paper much
discoloured. The pages throughout the book are not numbered.
The chronograms are somewhat epigrammatic in their style of com-
position ; occasional annotations in Latin explain the meaning and
application of words and phrases, which were obscure even when
they were written, nearly three centuries ago.
It is curious to observe the variety of phrases used in many of the
introductions to denote the death of persons. The following are
examples : — Rex moritur. Philippus obiit Julio defuncto. Placidfc
obiit. Placidfe commoriuntur. Rapitur fatis. Henricus discessit Ex
hac vita discessus. Ad Christum vocatur. E rebus humanis eximitur.
E vita discedit Annum mortis evenit. Johannes obdormiscit
r
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. 513
Henricus aufugit Transit ex hac mortalitate. The distich chrono-
grams present subjects for historical comment and illustration ; they
are as follows —
1500.
Nascitur Carolus v. Imperator.
CaroLe te nato feLICIa seCVLa fIVnt, \
In patrIa fIes qVIntVs reX noMInIs hVIVs. J 5
1501.
Joannes Albertus Poloniae rex moritur et successorem habet fratrem
Alexandrum.
MoX Vt Ioannes aLbertVs sCeptra reLInqVIt I
ujeC eIVs fratrI CViub IVbet esse poLonVs. " j 5
Aliter, expresso insuper successoris nomine.
aLbertI sVb IoannIs DItIone fVerVnt ) =.
nVnC sVb aLeXanDro sVnt CVnCta regente poLonI. J 5
1502.
Academiae Vitebergensis initium.
at MVsas VIteberga sIbI aCCessIVIt et aLbIs )
VersIbVs assVeVIt, sapIentIa CoLLIbVs aptIs. J 5
Aptis— (der Weiteberg) mons sapientue qnorundam interpretatione ad
quam alludere libuit
I503.
Mors sexti Alexandri et Pii tertii pontificum et successio Julii secundi.
seXtVs aLeXanDer pIe tertIe, IVLIVs aLter I
ILLe CaDens, hIC te regnas stIpabat VtrInqVe. J 5 3
1504.
Joannes Matthesius pastor in valle Joachimica nascitur.
InfantIs qVm sVnt paterIsqVe faCIsqVe MatthIas ) _
a fLetV CohIbere tVIs eXerCIte CVnIs. J 5 4
1505.
Franciscus Burcardus cancellarius Saxonicus editur in lucem.
franCIsCVs bVrCarDVs habet, qVo gaVDeat hVIVs ) _
INCEPTS VITjE RES AVt NON LiETA SlT AVRA. J 5 5
1506.
Philippus Maximiliani imperatoris filius pater Caroli v. obiit.
seX VItje qVIntVs sVperarat CaroLVs annos, I _ +
LVCtVs aMIsso CVrans genItore phILIppo. J 5
Nam id setatis turn erat Carolus v.
3T
Si4 E VENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTVR Y.
I507;
Sigismundus regnum Polonicum accipit
CraCoVIuE qVo reX regnabIt noMIne? nostrIs ) 7
VersIbVs eXCLVso te GesarIs, hVsse, trahentIs. J 5 '
Numerus Sigismundum nominari vetuit, itaquc describitur rorcftropor
Caesari Hussum trahenti, — sen ad concilium Constantiense volanti, cujus
omnibus notum est nomen.
I508.
Ludovicus coronatur rex Hungarian infelicibus auspiciis.
heV; LVDoVICe nIgrIs In regna patIentIa tVrCIs ) «
sVbjICItVr pVero, IWenI erIpIenDa Corona. J 5
I509.
Henricus octavus Angliae regnum auspicatur.
reX oCtaVVs agrIs henrICVs IVre brItannIs ) =
IMperat atqVe VIrIs LoCVpLetarIqVe Laborat. J 5 9
I5IO-
Goa occupatur.
Capta goa est ILLVstrIs VbI sChoLa ab orDIne IesV )
nVnC eXerCetVr, CVLtVsqVe reLVCet apoLLo. { ~ I5I°
15"-
Pauli Eberi natalis.
LaCte pVer ten VI satVr est et pasCItVr, a qVo \ _
Magna VIro VtILIter sCrIbentVr, paVLVs eberVs. J 5
15".
Pugna pontifici Romano adversa,
qVID sVperI faCItIs? qVID peCCat IVLIVs aLter? )
Vt sVperata VIros fVgIat LegIo IpsIVs hostes. j *
Viros hostes — Cohaeret per appositionem, et de industria appellator Julius
alter non modo a numero, sed etiam a similitudine qui propius ad Tulium
Caesarem homo turbulentus ; quam ad Petrum dilecti Christi oves ndeliter
pascentem accedebat.
Julio secundo defuncto, succedit Leo x.
est Leo non nonVs, nVMerI potIVsqVe seqVentIs ) _
eXpIrat sVCCessorI CVI IVLIVs aLter. J ~ ISI3
Cui expirat — Successor! enim mors potissimum bono fuisse videatur.
Vesalius nascitur, anatomise illustrator, unde allusio,
InqVIsItVrVs, qVICqVID tegat aLWs, ab aLVo \ _
VesaLIVs saLVo genItrICIs pro Deo pLorans. J "" ISI4
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTUR K 515
I5I5-
Franciscus 1. Gallia rex socero Ludovico xn. succedit
ergo franCIsCI fLorens sIt gaLLIa regnVM I _ - -
ANNOS ET SVO EO REPETET LfiTATA Bis oCTO. J "" 'S1*
I5I6.
Campson Gaurius Sultanus superatur a Selymo Turcarum imperatore
(Ea est Byzantia potestas) et victor in victi regnum instituit quod
sequenti anno occupavit.
egyptI VICto byzantIa rege potestas ) !
aD CLaras nILI proCere CogItat Vrbes. J |
1517.
Solymus ^Egyptum in provinciam redigit, Lutherus pontificas artes
detect, atque ita eodem anno duo ingentia imperiasunt eversa, alterum
armis, alterum verbo.
PRiEClPlTls nILI CapVt, ItaLLeqVe stVpenDa 1
eXpVgnaVerVnt seD non Vt tVrCa LVtherVs. j i5i7
Nili caput Memphis, Italiae caput Roma, vel ipse pontifex Romanus.
I5I8.
Lutherus Augusts Vindelicorum a Cajetano tentatur.
a CaIetano Correpte LVthere negastI ) g
Inter VInDeLICos ben^ CreDIta, rIt6 negarI. j **
1519.
Carolus v. designator imperator Francofurti, haud dubife ex voto avi
Maximiliani.
CVI ManVs VeXILLa aqVILIna afferre pVtetVr ? )
(Vota VaLent PRiESTANTls aVI) tIbI CaroLe qVInte. J f"9
1520.
Coronatio Caesaris Caroli v. ad quam ex Hispaniis in Germaniam
ille contendit
CvEsar ab hIspanIs patrIas transIVIt In oras I ' ..
ConVenIt CapItI gerMana Corona preCantIs. J x52°
Corona convenit capiti,— id est, ipse digitus fuit imperio.
Precantis,— quia cum coronatione et Missa et preces conjunguntur. 1
1521. j
Lutherus Vormatiae coram ordinibus imperii causara dicit. 1
CiCSARls In faCIe faCIes ConfVsa LVtherI 1
non fVIt, optatas pathMo prabente Latebras. f 1S21 -j
Lutherus proscriptus aliquantisper latuit et exemplo Joannis Pathmon
appellavit.
1 This makes only 1016 ; the error is in the original. ' proCeDere ' (for proCere) I
would make the chronogram right. ]
516 EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
1522.
Rhodus amissa est, salvis descendentibus militias equitibus.
o rhoDVs, o TVRCiB ; Vos eXVLtastIs, Vt ILLm ) _
eXILIo CIVes jVssIt gaVDere soLVtos. J "" I5"
1523.
Clemens vn. Hadriano vi. succedit
QViERO qVotVs CLeMens ChrIstI papa VenIt oVILI ? ) =
qVIppe soLet qVotVpLeX statVI noVa gratIa fLatVs. / l$2*
1524.
Henricus Zutphanius martyrio apud Ditmarsos coronatur.
LiETl CIVe poLI zVtphano Martyre fIent, ) __
LiETloR In sparsIs Versans eCCLesIa terrIs. j ~" l$2*
Aliter
zVtphanIo qVoD non sInt hmC terrestrIa CorDI, I
neC parCens proprIo nobIs, aIt Ipse, CrVorL j "" 'S*4
1525.
Seditio agricolarum per Gerroaniam mota.
agrICoLa In soLIVM regaLe obLItVs aratrI )
nItItVr, aC sperat trIstes a prInCIpe pgenas. j "" fSa5
Spent pro meruit.
1526.
Ludovici regis Pannonias interitus et natalis septemviri Saxonuiri
augusti.
nobILIs hVngarLe CaDo reX, DVCe saXone gIgnor ) !
aVgVstVs, qVo non aVgVstIs CarIor aLter. f
1527.
Philippus Caroli v. filius Hispaniarum rex nascitur, quo tempore ab
exercitu paterno Roma capiebatur.
GesarIs Vt feLIX eXerCItVs est, Ita ConIVnX, ) _
VrbeM aLter VeXans graVIter, genIto aLtera rege. j ~" l$21
1528.
Cum Paccius Otho denuntiasset occultum bellum a Pontificiis parari,
Elector Saxoniae et Landgravius arma, sed frustra sumserunt
hassIa saXonIbVs soCIaLIa IVnXerat arMa, ) Q
qVm faX et tVbICen fVIt? VnVs paCCIVs ottho. / " x52*
1529.
Solymannus Viennam obsidet.
non proCVL eXItIo resILIs ab atroCe VIenna ) _
te fera gens Captat posItIs prope McenIa CastrIs. j ~" x52^
1 This makes only 1466 ; the error is in the original.
1
E VENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTUR Y. 517
I530.
Augustana confessio recitatur et exhibetur.
CesarIs In nostrI sonVIt VeraCIter aVreM , I
reLLIgIo VItebergensI proLata LIbeLLo. ) 53
1531.
Ferdinandus creatur rex Romanorum.
Ipse taMen Cesar fraternas In tVa CVras ) _
sCeptra VoCas, et spes aqVILInI affVLget honorIs. J 53
Spes aquilini honoris, — est spes successions in imperio quod manet regem
defuncto Csesare.
1532.
Placidfe obiit pius et bonus princeps Johannes Elector Saxonise.
eLeCtor rapItVr fatIs; eLegerat ante I .
VIVVs Iohannes ChrIstI sVper oMnIa CoLLes. j "
1533.
Elisabetha Angliae regina Henrici vin. filia nascitur.
fILIa ab oCtaVo nVnC eLIsabetha CrearIs )
henrICo; IVbeat teMpVs, rege VIrgo brItannos. f 5^3
Jubeat tempu<— id est aliquando administratura es regnum, ne quis
natalem in regm auspicium transfbrmet.
1534.
dementis vn. papae obitus.
CLeMentI PAPiE posIto seX Inter et oCto )
a SjeVIs parCIs ; heV, faCta InIVrIa LethI est. J I5*4
Facta est injuria lethi, — ironice, id est non debuerat mori.
1535.
Monasteriensis [Miinster] obsidionis et regni finis.1
o sIne peC(JatIs reX, o sIne CrIMIne regna |
Capta nIsI essetIs, qVo proCessVra fVIstIs. j x535
1536.
Viri summi D. Erasmi Roterodami obitus.
arte VeL eLoqVIo nVLLI CessIsset erasMVs
arte VeL eLoqVIo non est obsIstere parCIs.
}= iS36
Posterior versus habet sententiam generalem, omnibus esse moriendum.
1 Alluding to the Anabaptists in Germany, who, after declaring their wild and absurd
doctrines, took arms and committed many violences. In 1554 they seized on Miinster,
calling it Mount Zion, and set up one Mathias, a baker, to be king. Miinster was taken
on 24th June 1554, and the chie/ of the Anabaptists were put to death. So the kingdom
came to an end. See Chronograms* p. 222.
518 EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
I537-
Edwardus Britannise rex, Henrico viii. nascitur et regnavit quidem
sed puer.
reX eDVarDe freto CLaVsIs nasCere brItannIs
o si ContIngant annos tVa sCeptra VIrILes.
\-
*537
1538.
Argentoratensis academic initium Johanne Sturmio rectore.
argentoratI est sChoLa non argentea, seD qV*
ConferrI CresCens fVLVo qVoqVe DebVIt aVro.
}= iS38
1539-
Georgius Saxonia dux moritur, successore Henrico fratre Lutherano.
CeDe LVtheranIs prInCeps it*reDIbVs hostIs ) =
LVtherI, CVnCtIs peJor graVIorqVe georgI. J l*&
1540.
Ordo Jesuiticus, cujus autor fuit Ignatius Loiola, confirmatus a Paulo
tertio, hac conditione ne plures 60 recipiantur.1
per soCIos DeCIes seX Vt spargatVr IesV ) _
orDo, pontIfICIs paVLI pIetate LICebIt. j "" I**°
Aliter.
orDo noVVs qVasI non generIs satIs IstIVs esset ) _
pontIfICIs aCCresCens VeterI ConDebar IesV. J "" 1$*°
.1541-
Henricus Saxoniae dux Mauricii et August! electorum pater discessit.
MaVrICII pater aVgVstIqVe a fratre reLICta )
His bona sIC CessIt, LiETVs sIt Vt Ipse paternIs. j x^41
Paternis, — id est cselestibus post mortem.
1542.
Joannes Fridericus Elector, et Mauritius ad bellum grave consur-
rexerant, nisi Landgravius placasset.
MaVrICIVs beLLo pasChaLI eXarsIt, et eIVs ) _
ensIfer agnatVs; paCatos hasse reLInqVas. j l**2
Paschali, — ita a vulgo appellabatur quod circiter illud tempus esset motum.
(Hasse, i.e. O Landgrave of Hesse.)
1543.
Princeps Clivensis Csesan se subjicit
aVfert CLIVensIs prInCeps a CiESARE paCeM, et ) =
aVferrI patItVr LIbVIt qVjr aVferre potentI. j l**$
1 The Society or Company of Jesus was founded by Loyola in 1534 ; he presented its
institutes in 1539 to Pope Paul hi., who raised some objections; alterations having been
made, the Pope confirmed the institution by a bull in 1540. The number of members was
not to exceed sixty, but that restriction was taken off by another bull, 14th March 1543.
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. 5*9
1544.
Franciscus secundus Henrici filius rex Gallia? nascitur.
franCIsCo franCIsCb nepos n VnC gIgnere regI 1
reX breVIs a patrIs tIbI raptI Morte fVtVrVs. j 544
1545.
Albertus Brandenburgicus archiepiscopus Moguntinus Magdeburgensis
et Halberstadensis episcopus, itemque R. E. Cardinalis moritur.
aLbertVs trIpLICIs generosVs epIsCopVs aVIje ) x
CarDInIs et LatII pars, hIs De qVatVor eXIt. j
1546.
Obitus Lutheri, quern secutum est eodem anno bellum Schmal-
caldicum.
CONTlNVlT VIVENS PRO PAPA GESARIS ARM a 1 _ 6
LVtherVs, soLVIt neCb; sIC eVenta probarVnt. j 54
1547.
Franciscus Galliae, Henricus vin. Angliae reges defuncti sunt, eo ipso
anno quo Caesar electorem Saxoniae vicit, cui alioqui vel ambo, vel
alteruter auxilio erat futurus.
qVIs sCIt saXonICa an potVIssent arMa tVerI
si Letho reges CarVIssent gaLLVs et angLVs?
}-
1547
1548.
Sphinx Augustana proponitur.
papa LVtheranIs VIX ConCILIabItVr aVDaX
Interea posses sIC ET sIC traDere pastor.
}= 1548
1549-
Paulus in. admodum senex obiit, paulb ante initium Jubilaei quern
non mediocriter videre cupierat.
qVIs sVCCeDentIs tIbI IVbILa pr^CIpIt annI? \
#tertIe paVLe, sVIs an fVsIs InVIDa parCa? J 549
Prsecipit, — id est prseripit.
I550.
Magdeburgi obsidio. (Magdeburg, the Maiden-city.)
sVstIneas obsessa VIros Vrbs noMIne VIrgo, ) _
aVXILIo CaLI beLLans, et nesCIa VInCL / "" I55°
1551.
Magdeburgi deditio.
aCCIpIas hostes Vrbs VIrgo; InIVrIa nVLLa ) _
Vis te nVLLa petet ferrI eXperIerIs aMICos. j "
1 This makes 1550 ; all the words agree with the original
1
520 EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
1552.
Joannes Fridericus Septemvir et Philippus Landgravius dimittuntur
a Caesare inclinata fortuna.
CaptIVI reDIere DVCes a Gesare CVIVs I
non VIrtVs, non fortVna est VetVs agnIta CastrIs. j "2
Mauricius elector proffligatis copiis Alberti Marchionis Branden-
burgici victor obiit
MarChIo VICtVs abIt, qVa saXo VICtor obIre I
CogItVr e pVgna; VarIat sors beLLa gerentI. j i553
1554.
Sibylla uxor Electoris Joannis Friderici et ipse Elector placidfc pau-
corum dierum intervallo commoriuntur.
CLIVensIs ConIVnX pr«CessIt In jEthera parte, |
parte alIqVa In gLebas, seqVerIsqVe hanC saXo>= 1554
MarIte. (Faulty, because one l is not counted.) )
1555.
Marcellus secundus pontificatum adipiscitur ac paulb post obit.
hVIVs MarCeLLVs papa est neC totIVs annI, I
VIX PARViE partIs; toLLVntVr Cetera fato. j "5
1556.
Thomas Cramerus in Anglia comburitur. (i.e. Cranmer.)
CraMerVs pervert spretos, qVIbVs VrItVr Ignes,
appeLLatVs Vt Iste, LatVs CVI ChrIste reVeLas.
}= *S&
}= 1SS8
1557-
Pugna ad S. Quintianum Gallorum et Hispaniomm Gallis infelix.
qVIntInI pVgna toLLVntVr robora gaLLo ) _
gaLLIs VIX graVIor CLaDes obLata VIDetVr. / ~ I557
1558.
Caroli v. imperatoris ex MLc vit& discessus.
CaroLVs a qVarto qVI proXIMVs arbIter orbIs
et sVCCessor aVI fVIt, hInC reVoLabat In astra.
1559.
Henricus secundus rex Galliarum ex ludo equestri periit.
DICItVr et CeLtIs henrICVs obIsse seCVnDVs )
Iste LVtheranos qVI reX tot IVsserat VrI. / *"9
1560.
Philippus Melancthon virino comparabilis preceptor noster communis
ad Christum evocatur.
Veste pli trIstIs nIgra LVgebo, MeLanCthon ) fi
eX qVa faCtVs brat, fIt teLLVs, qVaqVe VoCatVs. j 5
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. 521
IS61-
In Gallia liberum permittitur religionis exercitium sed parum con-
stanter.1'
esto eVangeLICVs, qVI VVLt, hoC CaroLVs InqVIt \%
nonVs; MVtatVr noVIes sententIa CeLt*. J
Jocus a numero, cum se ille appellavit novum, novies dicitur decessisse a
decreto.
1562.
Joannes Stigelius poeta a rebus humanis eximitur.
VIVere DIgnVs eras Vis hIC VIXIsse stIgeLI ) ,
ILLIC Vt Degas, VbI VIta est aLtera Constans. J "" **
„ . . x563-
Crumbachiana factio Herbipolin (i.e. Wurzburg) fraude invadit
herbIpoLIn VeXabat atroX CrVMbaChIVs, Vt qVI 1 ,
a saCrIs aLIenVs epIsCopVs esset et arIs. J ** 3
1564.
Caesaris Ferdinandi obitus.
a ferDInanDo non abstInVere potentes ) 3
CiESARE Si PARCiE, NVLLIS PARCERE CONSTAT. J
1565.
Paulus Vergerius pontificis quondam callidus legatus, sed postea
amplexus doctrinam Evangelii exul obiit.
paVLVs VergerIVs LatIa reVoCatVs ab aVLa
paVLI DoCtrIna reVoCatVr In astra VehenDVs.
}= iS^S
}= 1566
1566.
Solymannus celeberrimus Turcarum imperator e vita discedit.
qVo soLyManne foCo te spIrItVs effVgIt, aVt qVo
eX opere aWLsVs reX es, nIsI beLLICe beLLo.
1567.
Gotha x:apta et solo squata est (Gotha tn Thunngta).
gotha rVIt, nostrIs qVa nIL MVnItIVs nVa (sic) ) .
aVt nVnC arCe CoLVnt, aVt tVnC habVere tVrIngL f "" I5°7
1568.
Albertus 1. Borussiae dux moritur.
nVLLI sVCCeDens qVI DVX aLberte borVssos ) fig
reXIstI tItVLIs hIs, tV nVnC astra tenebIs. j **
Rexisti his titulis,— ut dux appellaretur, cum antea Magistri ordinis
Teutonici fuissent omnes.
1 Alluding to the Huguenots in France, who took up arms against their persecutors in
1 561 ; after a delusive edict of toleration, a great number were massacred at Vassy, 1st
March 1562, when the civil wars commenced, which lasted, with some intermission, till
the Edict of Nantes in 1598. * This makes 1661 ; the error is in the original.
8 This makes 15 14 j the error is in the original.
3^
522
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
}-
}-
}-
}-
i569
= i57o
1569.
D. Victorinus Strigelius et D. Paulus Eberus eundem annum mortis
inven&e.
non Mors strIgeLIo, non parCa peperCIt ebero
VICtorIne tIbI, tIbI spargens paVLe CoLores.
Spargcns colores, — id est vos paflidos reddens.
I570.
Turcse Cypron invadunt.
qVI ChrIsto ante aLIqVot rhoDIos DetraXIt aprILes )
eXIt Vt In Cypro qVoqVe nVLLVs ChrIste sVpersIs. /
1571.
Turcae pugna navali superantur.
qVI rhoDIIs CyprIos aDIeCerat hostIs egenos )
CLasse CorInthIaCo non res Ita In aqVore gessIt.- j 57
1572.
Nuptiae Gallicanse toti Galliae funesta sublato perfidem Amirallio.1
paX gaLLIs fraVs, faX est fraVs regIa nVpta ) x
LaVsqVe trIpLeX papa ; JaCet aMIraLLIVs ILLa. (sic) )
.1573.
Joannes Gulielmus Joannis Friderici electoris filius, Saxoniae princeps,
obdormiscit.
an sCIt Ioannes gVLIeLMVs spernere fata ;
et sCIt et hIs hospes sVperatIs CceLICa tangIt.
1574-
Henricus Henrici 11. Galliarum regis Alius Polonorum rex factus,
eodem anno aufugit.
GALLIS HENRICVS NON iEQVAVISSE poLonos, ) __
regna sCIt ; ergo Manens HjeC et VoLet et feret aLter. j
?575-
Maximilianus 11. imperator eligitur rex Polonorum a parte ordinum
regni.
ILLe foret Cesar gaLLo fVgIente poLonos
qVI CVraVIsset, seD DIssensere Creantes.
Flacii IllyricL
peCCatI oCCIsa est sVbstantIa, et aCCIDIt.
franCofortensIs gLeba IaCtItar£ sepVLCrIs.
Aliter.
aCCIDIt Vt peCCatI obeat sVbstantIa, at o si .
fIat Vt e terrIs DeLerI possIt hIC error. i x575
Alluditur ad certamina illius.
IS73
'574
1575
1 Referring to the death of Admiral Coligny. See page 132, ante. The chronogram is
wrong; the last word is doubtfully printed ; it makes only 1567.
9 This chronogram is badly printed and wrong ; it makes only 15 19.
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. 523
I576-. .
Maximiliani n. imperatoris optimi maximi obitus.
HEl MIhI ; VM TERR*; CiESAR NON VLTE (sic) POLONOS ) ,
regna petIs CceLI non InterCepta VoCatVs. J ~" *'
Non vlte {sic) polonos, — notatio est Maximiliani cujus alioqui nomen
versum duplici dc causa non ingrediebatur.
1577.
Dantiscum a Polonis obsidione premitur.1
In DantIsCanas CoLLeCta poLonIa partes I
nVLLa parte VIros trepIDos InVenerat VrbIs. ) "'
1578.
Sebastianus Posthumus rex Portugalise cadit in Mauritania.
VnVs Vt hIspanos rVrsVs reX sVbJVget oMnes ) a
qVI obstIteras VIVens, perIIstI reX apVD afros. J
1579.
Incendium Erphordiae grassatur in locum duobus nominatis templis
comprehensum.
Inter te beneDICte, Inter te CernItVr aeLI (sic) ) __
ante parasCeVen noCtV hIeraphorDICVs IgnIs. I "9
1580.
Formula concordiae editur et Cracovise libris pontificiis ingrati com-
buruntur.
CraCoVI^e LIbros perDI jatearIs (sic) InIqVI ) s
qVos pIa teVtonICo ConCorDIa In orbe propagat. j
1581.
Lapis post fulmen desuper infusus.
tres VaLVIt LIbras, noVIes et qVatVor, aLto ) 4
qVI LapIs e CgeLo DesCenDIt ab aere Cert^. J
Libras 31 pond ere aequavit.
1582.
Calendarium Gregorianum promulgatur.
CreDItor, oCtobrIs non a tIbI LVCe tenebar 1 g
soLVere, qVa VoLVI, non est, Ita DebIta Cessant. ) "
Jocos in dies exemptos, qui cum non fuerint, affirmatur non deberi, quod
aliquo illorum solvi debuerint.
[The revision of the calendar was promulgated in 1582, when
the 'new style* was adopted by many of the countries in Europe.
A siege of Dantzig. There are some errors in the original print, and the penultimate
word is not clearly legible.
> This makes 1583 ; the error is in the badly printed original.
3 This makes 1582 ; the error is somewhere in the original.
4 This makes 1586 ; the composer of the chronogram is responsible for .the error.
5*4 EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY.
Observe the base advantage taken by the debtor by declaring the
impossibility to repay because the day of his liability was expunged
from the reckoning of. that year. The chronogram says — O creditor!
I was bound to pay thee on the gth day of October, I wished to do so,
but as that day does not exist, the debt consequently ceases.]
1583.
Gebhardus archiepiscopus Coloniensis excommunicatur.1
anno papa DIes rapVIt bIs qVInqVe peraCto ) __ g
hoC rapVIt CVrrente tIbI ILLe gebharDe CoLonos. _ J "" *$ *
1584.
Disputatio Heidelbergica.2
qVaLe Det In Ccena CorpVs tVa gratIa ChrIste ) _ g
heIDeLberga sVo Certet tVtore VoLente. j ~" ** *
1585.
Anna conjunx Augusti Electoris Saxonise obiit
DenIq. te genVIt, genVIstI saXona, seD nVnC
aspICIs In CceLIs CceLestIa LjetIor anna.
}= iS»S
1586.
Augustus ipse, et sub finem anni Stephanus rex Polonise transeunt ex
hac mortalitate.
aVgVstVs DVX, et stephanVs reX, saXo-poLono
IVstItL® CLarI Vos LaVDIbVs eCCe reLInqVent.
}= iS86
1587.
Maria Scotiae regina jussu Elisabeths Angliae regina supplicio afficitur.
regIn^e regIna JVbe eLIsabetha MarIa ) _ R
Vt CapVt a C0LL0 reseCetVr; qVIppe noCIVa. j "" I5*7
1588.
Guisius ab Henrico in. Gallise rege interfici jubetur in suspicionem
affectati regni adductus.
GALLVS PRiEVENlAT, NE PR^VenIatVr, AB ILLo ) _ gg
qVI prope sCeptra a ManV sIbI ConCILIata tenebat. j "*" x5
1589.
Idem Hernials a Monacho Jacobo Clemente tollitur coherent versus
cum superioribus.
atqVe Ita faCtVs erat Manifesto tVtVs ab hoste ) g
si bene ab Insano fVgeret GbLata CVCVLLo.8 J ** 9
1 The circumstances are related at page 256, ante; they are very carious.
9 Calvinistic disputes concerning the nature of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper.
' This chronogram is very much blurred, and reads doubtfully ; the date, however, is
made right, 1589. See Chronograms^ p. 1 16, assassination of Henry in.
EVENTS IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. 525
I590.
Carolus archidux Austrian filius Ferdinandi imperatoris, diem suum
obiit.
Coherent et hi,
MINOR AVSTRlACiE RAPVlT TE CAROLE GENTlS ) !
arCIbVs ... lis LVCtVs bene fata tVLIstI. f
Aliud de eodem anno.
gregorIo VrbanI, sIXtIqVe hVIC CessIo serVIt ; ( _ -
sIXtVs qVInqVe CapIt,trIa seXqVe hVIC aDJICIt orDo. J "" 1 59°
Trium pontiiicum mentio hie fit, quid com illis actum sit, ex ipso contextu
intelligitur ; numeri saltern explicandi restant. Sunt Sixtus v. Urbanus vin.
et Gregorius xnn.
The remaining chronograms, which follow, are without any intro-
ductory remarks.
1591-
eLIgIt eLeCtor CceLos, Vt VILIa MVtet )
ensIfer ; aVgVstI CVrat tVteLa nepotes. f ~" J*9l
Electoris Saxoniae obitus — hunc autem fuisse Christianuxn eo innuitur,
quod in tutelam propterea reciderint Augusti nepotes.
1592-
VIta paLatInI tVtoreM DeserIt, IsqVe ) =
non opVs agnatIs tVtorIbVs esse pVtabat. J ~" x592
Joannis Casimiri Palatini mors, quam curatoris recusatio secuta est.
1593.
proLe Carens LVDoVICVs obIt, frIDerICVs et HiERES > _
sIt tVbIngensIs post serVatorqVe LyCeI. j ~" '593
Ludovicus est Wirtcbergensis dux sine mascula prole defanctus, ne alia
quae piam familia intelligatur Tubingensis schola praestat.
1594.
ConVentVs sIt, IbI gerManI prjeLIa tVrCIs )
ContInVatI:; sVbest non CLaVsa LVtetIa regI. j x*94
Conventus Ratisbonensis et Lutetise deditio.
1595.
soLVe naVarraos papa, WLt CLeMentIa, CVIVs ) _
hares oCtaWs petrI reperIre CarIna. j I^95
Regis Navarrei absolutio apud Clementem octavum pontificem jocose
descriptum.
I596.
agrIa si perIIt qVID non tIMeatVr ab hoste ) 6
nIL non aVsVro, nIsI oVes tVearIs IesV? j x59
Nimium certd periit, tempore autem scriptionis incertiores crant rumusculi.
Here the book abruptly terminates.
1 This chronogram of 1590 is very badly printed in the original and partly illegible, it
therefore remains defective and makes only 1509.
SOME AFFAIRS IN THE NETHERLANDS.
QUARTO volume of twenty tracts,1 in the Cambridge
University Library, labelled 'Varia. — Cc. 12-48/ con-
tains some interesting chronograms relating to members
of the Imperial House of Austria and their dominions
in the Netherlands.
TRACT No. 1, published at Brussels, is in praise of Count de
Daun, Governor of the Austrian Netherlands in 1725. A
handsome engraving stands in the place of a title-page, representing
on two shields the armorial bearings of the De Daun family only, and
those of other families in nine quarterings, all surrounded with bold
. scroll-work supported by two angelic figures; a coronet surmounts
the whole. Beneath is a chronogrammatic inscription as follows, in
imitation of the original, making the date 1725 —
appIia?s?s
WrMo phIMppo 1a? rentIo Be Ba¥ n
prInCIpI thIanens!
a¥ re! TeMierIs eqWtI
beIgII g¥bernator!
a€ IjangI entIs patrIe resta? ratorI*
1 This volume is probably unique. I do not know where else the individual tracts exist.
r
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS. 527
i.e. An applause to Viricus Philippus Laurentius de Daun, Prince
of Teano, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece, Governor of the
Netherlands, and restorer of his languishing country.
The tract consists of thirty-one leaves, with engravings of medals,
twenty-eight in number, bearing emblematical designs to exemplify
the public and private beneficent acts of the prince, each with an
anagram on his name and titles, and a Latin epigram of four lines in
his praise. On leaf 3 there are some verses addressed to him pre-
ceded by this chronogram (in imitation of the original) of the year
1725, the last two words being anagrams on the name ' Daun,' and are
made to bear some figurative meaning in the verses —
gVbernatorI
D A V N
LItterIs bIs eLoCatIs
nVDa VnDa.
On leaf 30 the tract concludes with the following words, giving
the names of the authors of it :— r
Humillimi atque obsequentissimi vestrse famuli Fratres petrus Canonicus
Frigidi Montis et joannes carolus vander borcht Brux. Caes. ac Cath.
Majestatis a Monctis Prsefectus dedicant consecrant.
The importance of the noble family of Daun can be traced back
for at least 700 years. See Zedler's Universal Lexicon, vii. 274, ' Daun/
and xlii. 497, 'Teano.' This Wiric Philip Laurence von Daun
became Prince of Teano, in Italy, and knight of the Golden Fleece ;
he was an officer of high rank in the army of Charles in: of Spain,
who at a later period was elected as Emperor Charles vi. of Germany.
TRACT No. 3 is c Oratio Funebris Ferdinandi in.,' dedicated to
his son Leopold (the Emperor), King of Hungary and Bohemia,
by Ferdinandus Ernestus de Trauttmanstorff, s.r.i. Comes. Ant-
werp (?) 1657. It contains twelve well-engraved emblems, with
epigrams in honour of the deceased Emperor, and only one chrono-
gram (on page 72), alluding to a column erected by him to the Virgin
Mary, in the market-place at Vienna —
statVaM hanC eX Voto ponIt fernanDVs III aVgVstVs. = 1644
The name is printed in the book now quoted as ferDInanDVs,
this is manifestly wrong as a chronogram. Having myself copied the
inscription from the column at Vienna, I make the required correc-
tion here. See Chronograms, page 81. The name frequently occurs
spelt in this manner.
528 SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
TRACT No. 9 is ' Oratio Funebris in obitu serenissimae Mariae
Annas Electricis Bavarian Archiducis Austriae, etc.,' by the
English College of the Society of Jesuits at Louvain. 1666. The
oration is followed by a series of Latin poems, concluding on page 40
thus —
MARIA ANNA BAVARO-AUSTRIACA.
Anagramma.
ARCA, ARA, MANNA, VIA, ARBOS, VITA.
Here follows a short Latin poem on this theme, and ' Sex chrono-
grammata praedictum anagramma illustrantia, facta pro Anno Domini
1665, quo serenissima Archiducissa mortua est ' —
InopIs arCaM aVara LIbItIna pr*DatVr. = 1665
oppressI araM InIqVa CLotho DIrVIt. = 1665
esVrIentIs Manna rIgIDa LaChesIs Vorat. = 1665
regLe pIetatIs iETERNVM InsIgne smVa parCa DeLet. = 1665
DILeCta fatIgatIs VMbra heV perIIt. = 1665
LangVIDI VIta Morte aCerba obIIt. = 1665
TRACT No. 10 is ' Oratio Funebris in parentalibus reverendissimi
. . . Guilielmi ab Angelis Ruremondensis episcopi nominati,
S. Th. Doctoris ... in academia Lovainiensi, ab Antonio Dave.'
Printed at Louvain, 1649. On the back of the title-page are —
Chronicon anni natalis ejus.
DeVs aVXILIVM sVIs. = 1583
Chronicon anni mortualis ejusdem.
ID fVIt gVILIeLMo VtI In eIVs natIVItate, I 6
et In VIta, Ita et In obItV. / ^
Aliud.
gVILIeLMVs postrIDIe pVRGATiE VIrgInIs I __ A
heV I VIXIt. J ~ I04^
TRACT No. 13, a short heroic and allegorical ballet, ' Les Athen-
ians,' performed at Brussels on 4th November 1739, to cele-
brate the f&e of the Emperor Charles vi., in the presence of Her
Highness the Archduchess, Governess of the Netherlands ; it is thus
dated on the title-page^ —
aU noM De CharLes sIX, )
peUpLes, soIez JoIeUX. } " I7*9
ANDREAS CREUSEN, fifth Bishop of Malines, died on the
8th of November 1666; this neat chronogram is at the end
of his funeral oration —
Chronographkon anni.
anDreas antIstes qVIntVs MeChLInIensIs obIt = 1666
Mensis et Diet,
DeLetVr oCtaVa noVeMbrIs. = 1666
r
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
TRACT No. n is 'Crux Chronographica atque chronicum
anagrammaticum de Sancta Cruce, nee non selectiora quaedam
Chronographica, versibus tam Leoninis quam Rhythmicis illustrata
Reverendissimo . . . Alphonso de Berges, archiepiscopo Mechlini-
ensi, in strenam mysticam. Authore Francisco Godin, Ludimagistro
jurato/ Brussels, 1675. On the back °f the title-page is this —
Crux Chronographica.
5*9
spIrltVsqVe O sanCtl.
3*
53o
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS,
The chronogram within the cross on the preceding page is to be
read thus —
In noMIne DeI patrIs, fILIIqVe J ^
spIrItVsqVe sanCtI. J 73
Six pages of Latin verses immediately follow, arranged as couplets
and short devotional poems on the subject of the Cross. Passing
them over, I extract only the chronograms which accompany them —
DVM CrVX saLVs. = 1675
• Anagramma.
sVM DVX CLarVs. = 1675
CrVX saLVteM DatVra.
CrVX Dat pLaVsVM.
CrVX tanDeM saLVat sVos.
MIhI CrVX sis Vna fIDeLIs.
CrVX eXaLtanDa Mane.
CrVX spLenDet per >bVVM.
CrVX seMper LaVDetVr.
CrVX LVMen aDaVget.
Dat CrVX Vna poLVM.
MIhI sis CrVX Vna fIDeLIs.
seMper LaVDetVr CrVX.
1675
1675
1675
1675
1675
1675
1675
167S
1675
1675
»»»»♦»»»»»♦♦»♦♦
THE LOUVAIN-MALINES CANAL,
A curious tract, consisting of eight pages, in the collection of the
J\^ Rev. W. Begley, is filled with poetry in long metre, in the
Flemish language, written to commemorate the commencement of a
canal from Louvain to a place beyond Malines, on the river Senne,
called Sinnegat His Royal Highness Charles Alexander, Duke of
Lorraine, governor of the Austrian Netherlands, cut the first sod
('leva le premier gazon') on 9th February 1750. The tract contains
several chronograms of the date, in the Flemish and Latin languages,
and a map, in size 55 by 10 inches (on a scale of about 10 inches to
a league), with explanations in French, showing the canal to be
about five leagues in length; also two engravings, representing in
actual size the front and back of the silver spade used by the Duke
on the occasion. The spade was highly ornamented on both sides
with armorial shields and emblems, with chronogrammatic mottoes,
which give the date 1750; the accompanying two facsimile copies
(slightly reduced from the originals) will render any further description
needless. This is the only example of such an application of chrono-
grams that has fallen under my notice. The title-page is as follows —
r
mm
some netherlands affairs. 531
sChoon CanaeL Der peeterMannen » 1750
tot Welvaeren vande oude Hooft-Stadt
LOVEN,
Eertydts Vermaert door den Coop-handel, daer naer door de
Roem-rughtige Universiteyt ;
Ende nu wederom door het graeven der *-*
NIEUWE VAERT:
Waer toe de gewenschte octroy genadelyck
is verleent van haere Keyserlycke en Coninghlycke Majesteyt
MARIA TERESIA
Den, VYf-en-tWIntIChsten Van JanU-J
arIUs, seVenthIen-honDert >= 1750
enDe VYftICh. )
In welcke vaert den Eersten Steeck is gegraeven met een
ZILVERE SCHUP
Door syne Coninghlycke hoogheydt en Prins
CAROLUS ALEXANDER
Hertogh van Loreynen en Baer, en Gouverneur der Oostenrycksche
Nederlanden, &c. &c &c.
op den 9 van Februarius 1750.
Zynde hier by gevoeght de afteekeninge van de zilvere schup, ende
het plan vande geheele nieuwe vaert, gegraveert op kopere plaeten.
Tot Loven by Henricus Vander Haert
Met Approbate.
In the lower corner of the map, beneath a shield charged with the
arms of Louvain, is this motto —
Cernens Mea DeCora LiBTOR. = 1750
The first two pages of verse declare the importance of Louvain,
and that the trade and commerce of the city will be improved by the
new canal ; this chronogram leads off the subject —
eDeLe CoopMansChap = 1750
MaeCkt paLLas De pLaets. = 1750
And at the conclusion of the verses is this ' jaer-schriften ' —
Door paLLas koopMansChap fLoreert; = 1750
pLenas aDfert paLLas MerCes. = 1750
The next pages of verse are addressed principally to the Empress
Maria Theresa, Sovereign of the Netherlands, who granted the privilege
to make the canal ; they are preceded by these two chronograms —
'toCtroY Van De nIeUVVe Vaert Van LoVen )
VerLeent Van MarIa teresIa. j x'5°
De CanaeL beCoMen. =1750
And at the conclusion is this 'jaer-schriften,' referring to Mr.
Peetermans, the chief engineer of the works —
1
532 SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
peeterMans beDanCkt CareL; = 1750
Creegh toesteM Der CanaeL. = 1750
The verses on the next page are in praise of the Prince Charles
and the same Mr. Peetermans, and are otherwise appropriate to the
occasion ; they are preceded by —
Door prIns CaroLUs Van LoreYnen enDe baer )
Is De nIeUWe Vaert gegraeVen geWeest. ] '*
The silver spade is described, and the chronograms engraved
thereon are quoted, thus —
HjeC Dat CanaLeM. = 1750
ConDo CanaLeM. = 1750
CanaLes Dant MerCes. = 1750
eCCe tanDeM fLorebo. = 1750
And the verses conclude with this 'jaer-schriften' —
Met Den CareL's steeCk, == 1750
De CoopMansChap herLeeft. = 1750
The next verses apply to the Flemish canals generally; these
chronograms are at the head —
staDts CoopMansChap fLoreert, = 1750
Door peeterMans sCjioon CanaeL. = 1750
And this ' jaer-schriften ' is at the end of the verses, and ter-
minates the last page of the tract —
Door 't sChoon CanaeL Der staDt, = 1750
saL De staDt's CoophanDeL fLoreren. = 1750
THE following chronograms are from a biographical dictionary,
entitled, Biographisch anthologisch en critisch Woordenboek
der Nederduitsche dichters. By P. G. Witsen Geysbeek. Amster-
dam, 1821. (British Museum, press-mark 2038. f.) Vol. ii. 165-169.
Article on Delsing J. F.
Vondels graffschrift, door G. Brandt, is 00k geenzins verwerpclijk.
hIer rVst Van VonDeL, hoog beIaarD, ) ,
apoLLo en zIJn zangberg WaarD. J "~ * ?9
Op den brand den Schouwburg te Amsterdam, den 1 1 Mei.
MIJn bIJen zWerVen : zIe De korf Is grVIs en asCh ! ) _
eI, zorgers ! zorgt op nIeVW ; zlj WeIgeen V geen WasCh. J "" l772
Op de inwijding van den niewen Schouwburg, te Amsterdam den
15 September.
thans zaL De bIJ op nIeVW In febVs kVnstkoor zWeeVen, )
en't eeLste, 'tWeLk ze'erLeest, VoorWees en arMen>= 1774
geeVen. j
Tydvaers Geplaayst op den grond des gewezen Schouwburgs, te
Amsterdam.
besChoVW- op nIeVWeen hVIs, Waar nog het LVstIg J
KROOST>= 1773
Van IJVer D'oVDen stok In zIJne eLenDe troost. j
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS. 533
De milddadigheid aan de dankbare roomsche armen; by de
eerste afgifte van brood, op den grond des gewezen Schouwburgs, te
Amsterdam, den 5 December.
'T WeLeer VerWoest tooneeL, 't paLeIs Der poezIJ ! ^ __ g
strekt V, behoestIg MensCh ! hIer tot een bakkerIJ. j ~~ *' '
Op het oeconomisch ontwerp van de maatschappy der wetens-
chappen, te Haarlem, waarover te Amsterdam, in de doorluchtige
schole de eerste vergadering gehouden is, den 7 Februarij.
VerheVen MaatsChappIJ, In WerkLVst onbezWeken ! \
het nakroost zaL, VerheVgD, Van VWontWerp nogI = 1778
SPREKEN. j
Op de vergadering van den oeconomischen tak van voorn
maatschappy, gehouden te Haarlem, den 15 September.
't Is hIer ihx hart ££n DoeL, In oVerLeg en spreken, j
Daar IeDer traCht het takJe op'tVLIJtIgste aan te > = 1778
kVVeeken. )
LEOPOLD II. of Germany, and I. of Tuscany, was the second
son of Maria Theresa of Austria and Francis of Lorraine. He
succeeded to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany in 1765, and fixed his
residence at Florence, and greatly improved the ^condition of the
country by the abolition of many forms of misgovernment which had
previously existed there. By the death of his brother, the Emperor
Joseph 11., on 20th February 1790, Leopold succeeded to his
dominions, and was elected Emperor of Germany. On assuming the
administration of the hereditary dominions of the house of Austria,
he showed an earnest desire to please his subjects. He abolished the
more obnoxious innovations of his brother ; he concluded peace with
Turkey ; he pacified Hungary ; and having done this, his next step
was to endeavour to pacify the revolted States of the Netherlands, by
offering to establish their ancient constitutions. The insurgents
having obstinately refused to listen to his offers, he sent troops against
them,- and recovered without much difficulty those fine provinces.
Connected with these, events a ' peace congress ' was held, and an
engraving was executed and published to commemorate the occasion ;
the accompanying facsimile of it, on a reduced scale, is taken from
an original impression in the collection of the Rev. Walter Begley.
The actual size is 22J by 15! inches. It represents principally a
Flemish chronogram of the date 1790, all the letters of which are
highly ornamented, the date-letters especially so. The word ' Keizers '
bears the imperial crown, and those signifying England, Prussia, and
Holland bear an armorial shield of those countries in their initial
letters. A magnifying glass is needed to make out the smaller
details and inscriptions, such as that on the floral wand held by the
emperor, i pax et libertas,' and ' biblia ' beneath it. In the pictorial
part of the subject is seen the bust of Leopold 11. (Peter Leopold),
M-
534 SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS
with many emblematical accessories and inscriptions. The medal-
lion on the right represents the congress ; the chairs bear the armorial
shields of their official occupants. In the upper ornament, a cornu-
copia on the right pours out a variety of objects, among them may be
discerned the cordon of the Golden Fleece and minute medals of
Leopold; the Prussian Eagle is also conspicuous. The engraving
is signed, 'Fait k la Plume, etc., grave' par A. Zurcher.' This name is not
found in the catalogues of art engravers of the period. The impression
is marked as a proof, ' Proefdrukk' The engraving is probably rare.
I believe there is no copy of it in the British Museum collection.
The chronogram is as follows ; the letter y counts as 2 : —
zIet beLgen ! LeopoLD op's keIzers troon VerheeVen
V Weer, en zoete rVst, en Waare VrYheID geeVen ;
De brIt, en prVIs, en bataVIer, ( 79
V rVkten VIt het oorLogs VIer.
i.e. See, Belgians / Leopold elevated to the Emperor's throne, a sweet
rest and true peace given to Britain, Prussia, and Holland, atid the fear
of war driven far away.
This pacific appearance of affairs was not destined to last.
Leopold died on the 1st March 1792. The French Revolution had
already commenced, and one of the political consequences was a
declaration of war by France against the Emperor of Germany, and
the Netherland provinces were conquered by the French republicans
before the end of that eventful year.
MAXIMILIAN VRIENTIUS of Ghent was a celebrated writer
of epigrams upon the political and other events of his time.
He published his works early in the seventeenth century. He also
wrote very spirited epigrammatic chronograms, many of which I have
given in my former volume on Chronograms. (See index under
4 Vrientius.>) Another work by this author has recently come into my
possession, containing some examples of those compositions not before
noticed by me. The title is, ' Urbes Flandriae et Brabantiae, Auctore
Maxaemiliano Vrientio Belga Gandensi. Lovanii cid.iocxiv' (1614).
A separate division bears this title, * Urbes Brabantise precipuse,' and
consists of a series of epigrams and short poems concerning certain
towns of Brabant, and the events, principally of war, which affected
them. I extract the following miscellaneous chronograms. The
letter d=5oo is not to be counted as a numeral.
Epigram on certain ecclesiastical affairs, ' In unionem status
ecclesiastici et iv ordinum Flandriae ' —
ordInIbVs fLandrIs Consors eCCLesIa nVpta est. ' )
nasCatVr soboLes, paX, ModVs, atqVe qVIes. ] I*™
The tower of the cathedral of St Bavon at Ghent was burnt by
lightning in 1602. See Chronograms, p. 117. The Belfry tower, 386
feet high, is near to it, having on the summit of the spire a vane con-
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS. 535
sisting of a gilded dragon ten feet in length, which was taken from
the church of St. Sophia at Constantinople in 1204, by Count- Bald-
win ix., who presented it to the people of Ghent The tower is said
to be a token of the liberties of the citizens. The following epigram,
1 In draconem Capitolinum, 1545/ seems to be in allusion to the
gilding of this dragon by the first ' Consul/ Giles Baenst —
jbgIdIo baensto gandaVI ConsVLe prIMo, ) _
eXtVLIt aVratVs CoLLa sVperba draCo. j "~ l**$
A canal was cut to improve the navigation between Ghept and the
sea. See Chronograms •, p. 55. The following epigram, ' In novum
Gandavi alveum, qui ad mare ducit, vulgfc de Nieu-vaert, absolutum
An. mdxlix/ seems to refer to it —
CandIda VeLa VoLent, gondVnIa VIrgo MarItat ^ __
oCeano, eX aVro CerVLa regna fLVent. j "~ r549
Epigram on the restoration of the Augustine monastery at Ghent
in 1606 —
o Mcestas LiBTASQVE VICes, popVLI frVor ante ) , ,
qVod rVIt, Id popVLI nVnC faVor eCCe, strVIt. / - IOO°
On the erection of the new Jesuits' church of St. Laevinus in 1606 — ]
sanCte faVe, LjeVIne faVe, tIbI CcetVs IesV ) fi ,
eXtrVIt, heLLIno ConsVLe, teMpLa, faVe. j
In ruinam Porta Csesarese, mense Janu. mdcviii. Probably one
of the gates of the city of Ghent —
prona rVIt sVCCVssa geLV tVa, CaroLe, porta, ) . 6 g
VIrgo CaVe, atqVe oMen LjeVaqVe sIgna paVe. j ""
In Legatos Persas Gandavi exceptos viiL Juni mdcviii. —
hospItIo persas MaVortIa ganDa reCeptat. = 1608
Locus hospitii,
ganDa potens persas sVsCepIt In hospIte poMo. = 1608
This epigram has reference to peace made with England —
qVjE dedIt ante graVes Infensa brItannIa spInas, \
paCIs odorIferas spargIt In orbe rosas. ( _
hoC, IaCobe, tIbI pro MVnere fLandrIa debet, j i$W
PACIS ET O BATAViE TE CapVt ESSE VoVET.1 )
Another on the same event.
angLVs, Iber, regVM dVo sIdera, paCe seCVndA ) = ,
ConCILIant popVLos deXter VterqVe sVos.1 j x 4
The remaining chronograms relate to the treaty of peace con-
cluded in 1609, the year when the independence of the United
Provinces of Holland was recognized —
Chronographica.
In praefatas inducias. cid. idg ix (1609.)
To the Prince Albert, governor of the Netherlands.
ALBERTVS ARChIdVX aVSTRIjE, DVX BVRGVNDliE BRABANTliE,
CoMes fLandrLe, paCIfICator beLgII. s= 1609
1 These two chronograms on the same event represent different dates. They are so
printed in the original.
536
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
To the Princess Isabella Clara Eugenia, governess of the Nether-
lands—
Ver VeLVt has VIoLas, paCeM sIC VernVs aprILIs
partVrIt aVspICIo, dIVa IsabeLLa, tVo.
To both—
dVX pIVs aLbertVs, dVX aVstrIa CLara IsabeLLa
beLgIadVM popVLo fcedera L«ta Creant.
To the Marquis Ambrose Spinola —
spInoLa sis feLIX GENViE dVX InCLVte, per te
nasCItVr eX spInIs paCIs aMICa rosa.
In nonam Aprilis induciarum auspicem —
saLVe aVspeX paCIs, beLLIfVga, dVLCIs aprILI
seMper, et In VIrIdI Veste deCorVs oVa.
Justitia et Pax osculate sunt se mutub —
osCVLa ConIVngVnt paX atqVe astr«a, VenVstVs
hInC aMor, aC toto nasCItVr orbe qVIes.
Ad ordines Flandriae —
CLerVs oVat, ganda eXVLtat, brVga, Ipera pLaVdVnt.
franConIVs redVCI paCe trIVMphat ager.
Ad Flandros et Batavos —
paX fLandrIs bataVIsqVe datVr, gaVdete CoLonI,
farra dabVnt qVerCVs, fLVMIna LaCte fLVent.
Ad omnes —
CandIda paX reMeat nVnC nVnC seCVra reVIsant
oppIda pLebs, taVrVs pasCVa, pVppIs aqVas.
eXpeCtata dIV paX eXtVLIt aVrea CornV,
neCtare et aMbrosIa beLgICa tota fLVet.
respIrate pII, Donat gens aVst^Ia paCeM.
A MARTlS IRA iNDVCIiE. =
On the fireworks at Ghent —
Igne trIVMphaLI fLagrans ferIt ;ethera ganDa, =
In Maium —
Igne et pICe MaIVs InarDet. ^ =
In Martem —
Mars paCIs In IgnIbVs arDet. =
Teutonicum —
Den paIIs VerbranDt Den CrIIgh. =
SAINT RUMOLD OF MECHLIN
A pamphlet in the collection of the Rev. Walter Begley describes,
jf\ in the Flemish language, a festival held at Mechlin in honour
of the patron saint Rumold. (Pp. 104. 8°.) The title is, ' Verza-
meling der Merkweerdigste jaerschriften, zinnebeelden, verzen en
andere opschriften Waermede het Aertsbisschoppelyk Seminarie, de
Collegien en de voornaemste Straten de stad Mechelen versierd zyn,
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
1609
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
537
tef gelegenheyd van het Jubel-feest van den H. Rumoldus, bescherm-
heyligen dezer stad, den 24 Junij 1825/ The affair seems to have
been very elaborate as to the poetical compositions in Latin, Flemish,
and French, but there are no engraved illustrations to depict the
decorative structures, which were important and conspicuous.1 There
is a copious use of chronograms, mostly in Latin, which are note-
worthy for conciseness, arising from the very frequent occurrence
of the letter M= 1000, or its equivalent of letters D, and conse-
quently for the restricted use of the smaller numerals to build up the
date. By this means a chronogram is condensed into the space of one
line, or the compass of three or four words;2 there are, naturally,
some exceptions. The work contains about 297 chronograms; a
transcript of all would be uninteresting, I therefore omit those having
special reference to some emblematical ornament or structure which
would require a long description to elucidate the meaning. The
following selection, 93 in number, may be regarded as representative
examples.
The first happens to be a long one, containing no letter M ; it must
be understood that the saint was a native of Scotland (or Ireland),
and of royal lineage —
UrbIs patronUs regIa sCoTta prosapIA natUs ChrIsto^
qUarens oVes sCeptra reLIqVIt ; patrLe hUJUs
fInIbUs appeLLens GeCa gentILItatIs nUbILa eVan- >= 1825
geLII LUCe propULIt; CUJUs zeLo hIC aCCreVIt
reLIgIo Vera, fUso eJUs CrUore ConsIgnata. j
DIVe ! saLUs, CoLUMen, nostrIs qUI gLorIa beLgIs = 1825
aUspICIIs DeDUC gaUDIa sanCta tUIs! =1825
ChrIstI, Depresso beLIaL VeXILLa trIUMphant = 1825
traCtIbUs hIs fUgItant CrIMIna, LarVa, DoLUs = 1825
eXUVIas Certa sanCtI reDIMIre CoronIs! = 1825
eXULet Urbe LUes, Dent preCe, beLLa, faMes! = 1825
soL orIens raDIo pICeas hInC eXpULIt UMbras, = 1825
In CceLI MIseros LUCe reDUXIt Iter = 1825
Ljeta DIes agItans CceLI ConVeXa trIUMphIs = 1825
CIVIbUs eVIgILat gLorIa, faMa DeCUs. = 1825
eXaLtez poUr roMbaUt Vos aCCents D'aLgresse = 1825
ConsaCrez Votre aMoUr, Vos CceUrs, Votre tenDresse. = 1825
CceLI InDICIUM LUXIt. = 1825
DeCUs apostoLatUs eXCeLsUM. = 1825
stILLICIDIUM CharItate eXUberans. = 1825
eXorIens IMpUDICItLe oCCasUs. = 1825
1 Another festival to St. Rumold is mentioned in my former book, Chronograms, pp.
431, 432.
8 The date 1825 cannot be expressed by numeral letters shorter than mdcccxxv ; it is
otherwise with some dates ; for instance, md = 1500, MDX = 1510, mdc = 1600 ; of course
all such dates may be prolonged into many lines by using a multitude of the smaller
numerals.
3 v
S3»
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
CceLItUM ConsoDaLItIo VIXIt.
eXortUs peCCatorUM DestrUCtor.
DUX sanCtItatIs ILLICIUM.
eXhIbItIs CeLebranDUs MIraCULIs.
Defensor ChrIstICoLUM IneXpUgnabILIs.
LILIUM ILLUXIstI CanDore.
CIVIs eXCoLenDUs oLYMpI.
EXIMIfc ConDeCoratUs VICtorIIs.
orCUM perCUssIstI eXCIDIIs.
seCtator CrVCIfIXI IMItanDUs.
ethnICIs DILUCULUM VerItatIs.
These were put up at the Archiepiscopal College —
JUbILantIbUs rUMoLIDIs sChoLa LiETATUR.
SUB DlGNO PRjESULe franCIsCo antonIo
JUbILaMUs.
CoLLegII JUVenta rUMoLDo JUbILat.
}-
These were over a gateway at the College —
ILLIta sanCto CrUore LoCa
Intrant InCoI^e, obseCrantes VoCe, VotIs, MUnere :
orbIs qUoqUe CoLonUs affLUIt.
apostoLI aD LIMIna.
faMa naMqUe CUnCtas In Late terras proDItrIX
CUCUrrIt
DIVIs HlC JUbILarI : (1825 bis = 3650.)
DIVos hIC etIaM faCILes
faVere postULantIbUs.
neMo pUras hIC, qUIsqUIs sIt, roganDo frUstra
CongessIt preCes:
DaMnatUs Voto, tersIs hInC abIt
sUppLICator fLetIbUs.
qUoD JUstUM rogItaVIt, IMpetratUM sIbI sentIens
InnoCUUs rUra repetIt agrestIs. (1825 bis = 3650.)
tanta rogantIs sUppLICIbUs nobIs
CUra rUMoLDI est!
non sInIt, Inane qUIs VoCe MUrMUr fUDerIt
aUDIt, et DeI regIs Infert aUrIbUs. (1825 bis = 3650.)
CUnCta InDe a DIVIno fonte Dona
Large terrIs InfLUUnt.
arenIs IgItUr tantI CrUore saCrIs MartYrIs
aDeste CIVes, hospItes.
nIL, Dare faCILe nUMen sUIs
nUnC negabIt testIbUs.
Prudentius in libro
7rc/>i<rr€<£av<i>v, Hymnus primus.
In prIsCa patrUM fIDe ) __
Constans UsqUe CIVItas j "~
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
1825
= 1825
= 1825
= 3650
= 1825
= 1825
= 1825
= 3650
= 1825
= 3650
= 1825
= 1825
= 1825
1825
f
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS. 539
rUMoLDo patrI, apostoLo, tUteLarI, sanCto
e VotIs JUbILat.
apostoLICI qUoqUe fIrMUs beLga CUstos DeposItI,1
qUos peCtore gerIt DoLI pLan& nesCIo
gestIt sensUs eXprIMere:
Versa ILLe anIMo repUtans sIngULa
DeCIes repetIta LUstra,
eX patrUM fIDe aLIa post aLIa
CeLebrata JUbILo:
repUtans pLUres serIe perpetUA
apostoLICI seMInIs traDUCes,2
rUMoLDI patrIs SjeCULo ILLatUs, VerItatIs8
InVenIt CharIsMa, InVento seCUrUs
aDileresCIt.
totIUs hIC nobIs DoCtrIn/e CUM sangUIne profUsor,*
CUrante MIssUs ILLo, In qUo nesCIt Vera fIDes5
nUtare aUt sentIre DefeCtUM, VICarIo ChrIstI
VaLEntI beLgas petrje Monet sUperstrUCtos
non VlNCENDiE portIs InferI.6
sIC VoLVentes, ECCLEsliE tenentVr CathoLIC*
seCUrI beLgm greMIo;7
qUos neMo taLes ConfInget,8 paratI,
si qUIs VeLIt, CensUs Deferre.9
qILb pLantaVIt rUMoLDUs,
rIgante franCIsCo antonIo posIta.
JUbILo sanCtI rUMoLDI oVate CIVes !
rUMoLDUs GasCo faX popULo,
}-
1825
1825
}=
l82S
}-
1825
}-
1825
}-
1825
1825
}=
l82S
4 =
1825
1825
1825
}=
1825
}-
l82S
}-
1825
}-
l82S
=
1825
=
1825
=
l82S
sis aUXILIo, rUMoLDe, franCIsCo antonIo,
prInCIpI De M£an pIo sUCCessorI tUo. (sic.)
[The appointment of this archbishop, Franciscus Antonius, prince
de Mian, in 181 7, was the occasion of a festival at Mechlin, described
at pp. 99-103 of this present volume.]
1 Depositum custodi.— 2 Tim. L 14.
1 Ab apostolis in episcopatum constitutes, apostolici seminis traduces. — Tertull. de
prescript.
8 Cum episcopatus successione veritatis charisma acceperunt. — S. Irenseus.
4 Ecclesia, cui totam doctrinam apostoli cum sanguine suo profuderunt. — Tertull. ibid.
6 Ubi fides non potest sentire defectum. — S. Bern, ad Rom. Pont.
6 Tu es Petrus, et super hanc Petram sedificabo ecclesiam meam ; et portae inferi non
praevalebunt ad versus earn. — Matt. xvi. 18.
7 In ecclesiae gremio . . . me tenet . . . successio sacerdotum. — S. Aug.
8 Hoc modo ecclesiae apostolicas census suos deferunt — Tertull. de praescript.
9 Confingant tale aliquid haeretici. — Idem> ibid.
540 SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
The following appeared on a decorative structure near the college.
They are good examples of concise chronograms —
SANCTiE CIVItatI festIVI CongaUDeaMUs. = 1825
sanCte rUMoLDe, ChrIstIanIs aUXILIare. = 1825
eXIMIa DIVo ConCeLebrate JUbILa. = 1825
JUbILantIUM ConCorDLe pIetatIqUe CongratULare. = 1825
saCro beLgII CUstoDI oVantes JUbILeMUs. = 1825
LUX eCCLesI/e, pIIs PRESIDIUM. = 1825
CUstoDI sUo gratatUr JUbILans MeChLInIa. = 1825
reLUCet prIsCa fIDes perpetUA serIe JUbILorUM. = 1825
MagnIfICa aC DUratUra In VerA reLIgIone fULgent. = 1825
sanCto rUMoLDo sUa pIa CIVItas JUbILat. = 1825
fUI LILIUM DILUCULI. = 1825
II, VI DIMICUI, ICI, VICL = 1825
pLaUDIte Vos CIVes, spLenDentI pLaUDIte soLI. = 1825
eLUXIt ConspICUa soLeMnItatIs DIes. = 1825
pIetatIs DILUCULUM nesCIentIbUs. = 1825
IngentI CIVes CeLebrant JaM gaUDIa pLaUsU. = 1825
JaM LoNGfe fUgIant fLetUs, sInt gaUDIa CUnCtIs. = 1825
effUso pLaUsU, Vos CeLebrate DUCeM. = 1825
Many other long chronogrammatic inscriptions were placed on the
ornamental structures put up in the street. The following one, of
moderate length, appeared at the corn-market —
UnanIMI ConCorDIa CIVes InstrUUnt. = 1825
CorgratULatUr sanCtUs rUMoLDUs. = 1825
DIVUs aC LiETiE MeChLInIensIs UrbIs patronUs. = 1825
sCotIa ortUs Certa De parentUMILLUstrI orIgIne natUs.= 1825
DeInDe epIsCopUs VI post hInC trUCIDatUs. = 1825
In haC VaLLe VIVente MatUra proDIgIa feCIt. = 182s
Ita Ut nUnC seMperqUe pLaCIDUs In aLtIs habItet. = 1825
Io beLgjE eJUs DeCenter totIs VIrIbUs CeLebrate festUM.= 1825
annIs qUInqUagInta transaCtIs eCCe hoDIe noVUM. = 1825
hoC tUbIs granDe JUbILUM CanIte popULI. = 1825
Ut aDsIt nobIs Car*; Deo aDJUVante In neCessItate CUstos. = 1825
Of the remaining chronograms, about eighty in number are quota-
tions from the Bible, applicable to various emblematical and pictorial
decorations in different parts of the city, and appropriate to the
festival. I conclude my extracts with the following, which specify the
date and origin of Saint Rumold —
sanCtUs rUMoLDUs patronUs Ur.bIs, Bis qUIngentIs, ) = g
bIsqUe VIgIntI qUInqUe annIs 1° JULIo JUbILate
onzen heYLIgen geLoofs-stIgter, gebortIg Van }
YrLanD, JUbILeert hIer nU DUYzenD, ( ^
en tVVee keeren VYf-en-tVVIntIg. ^ l 2$
JAEREN I. JULIUS.
f
A CONGRATULATION. 541
BROADSHEETS were occasionally printed and published at some
of the Flemish Universities, and perhaps placarded on the walls,
to congratulate certain favourite students on their.attaining academical
honours or ecclesiastical dignity. These printed sheets have become
rare. I know of only two examples out of the many which must have
existed, and they are both composed principally in chronogram. One
I have noticed at pp. 49, 50, ante, the other is in the collection of the
Rev. W. Begley. It congratulates a most reverend Peter of St. Trond,
in Belgium, on his election as general of his order at Li£ge on the
morning of the day of Saint Servatius (the 13th May) 1658. The
size is 12 J inches by n. The contents are as follows (the intro-
ductory lines extend to the width of the sheet ; the chronograms are
arranged in two columns).
1 Reverendissimo in Christo patri et eximio Domino D. Petro
A. S. Trudone celeberrimae canonicae S. Martini Lovanii Priori
meritissimo, necnon canonicorum regularium congregationis Windese-
mensis secretario fidelissimo, ac tandem totius predictae congregationis,
per utramque Germaniam generali longe dignissimo.
graDVM LICentLe habentI. = 1658
patrI sVo CoLenDIssIMo, = 1658
DILeCtIssIMoqVe = 1658
LeoDII In CeLebrI CanonICa sanCtI LeonarDI ConfessorIs= 1658
DIe b. serVatII Man£ eLeCto. = 1658
Congratulatoria Chronica}
reVerenDIssIMe p. generaLIs prospera preCor, = 1658
et Ipse hVMILIter DepreCor = 1658
DeVM CceLI parIter et orbIs; = 1658
ConserVet te a DebILItate et MorbIs. = 1658
DIVIna CLeMentIa = 1658
Det seMper benIgnItate, aC beneVoLentIA = 1658
patrI generaLI petro a sanCto trVDone sanItateM = 1568
aD CapItVLI prosperItateM : = 1658
pLVra etenIM orDInI potes Conferre bona, = 1658
qVIa prjeCLarIssIMa habes Dona. = 1658
naM In te generaLI non DesVnt HjeC bIna : = 1658
hVMILItas et DoCtrIna : ^ = 1658
non sIMVLata, seD reCta pIetas est In te : = 1658
seD et stabILI es et InCorrVptA Mente = 1658
eA De CaVsA fIDeLIs DIspensator es, = 1658
DIsGIpLInatos MVneres. = 1658
seD et si DeLICta VIDes, = 1658
sIngVLa CorrIgere ne forMIDes. = 1658
sVbDItos et PRiELATOs, et aMes, et CorrIpIas ; = 1658
1 Observe the rhyme of these irregular lines.
542
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS.
DIssIMVLare nesCIas ; =
InfIrMIs Ver6 ConDoLeas, =
pro Deo et orDIne ContInV6 Labores; et iNDEFESst =
ConabIMVr generaLI obeDIentes esse. =
Petrvs a sancto Trvdone generalis.
Anagramma.
Sta plenvs doctrina, tvos regenera.
DoCtrInA tVA fILIos reforMa.
}=
}-
aD generaLeM pro fIne faVsta appreCatIo annI. =
eXVrgens annVs sIt feLIX, atqVe beatVs :
tV VaLIDo seMper robore sanVs eas.
ID VoVeo, eXopto pLVres generaLIs In annos
VI Vat et Ipse Deo, VIVat et Ipse DIV.
nestoreos VIVaX petrVs generaLIs In annos
trVDat, et eXtVrbet De grege trVDo1 LVpos.
tot Degat annIs, qVot hIC ChronICa CoLLeCta Data et
obLata. =
ET ITA OCTOGINTA ANNls iETATEM Deget et VLtra : =
aMpLIVs non nIsI Labor, et DoLor. =
Ista oMnIa VeLoCIter Data =
ET
A rICharDo robertI nVssLe Morante eLaborata =
DabaM hasCe LIteras noVesII =
Ipso festo Ascensionis, quando primum intellexi quod
asCenDIstI In aLtVM. =
tVa, CreDe MIhI, p. generaLIs =
hVMILItas asCenDIt. =
reVerenDIssIMe pater, pro oVIbVs eXora, oVesqVe tV* ) _
pro pastore non CessabVnt eXorare. - J ~~
esto Deo et gregI InCoLVMIs =
CLaVDaM et erIt fInIs. =
Deo generaLIVM generaLI. )
honor et gloria. j
Typis Viduse Hartgeri Woringen. Anno 1658.
1658
1658
1658
1658
= 1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
1658
16S8
1658
1658
1658
A BRUSSELS JUBILEE.
A tract of only eight pages 8°, in the collection of the Rev. W.
Begley, has this title, ' Jubileum Bruxellense carmine exhibet
R. D. Carolus Emanuel Barnaba presbyter. Bruxellis apud iEgidium
1 A playful allusion to his name.
f
SOME NETHERLANDS AFFAIRS. 543
Stryckwant, typographum Plated vulgb de Bergstraet. Cum approba-
tione.' It consists of Latin poetry in heroic verse, alluding to heresies
conquered and faith restored at Brussels, and to the Sacrament robbery
(p. 114 ante), and recovery of the three sacred Hosts from their place
of concealment The names of the Emperor Charles vi., and of the
Duke of Parma, the governor of the Netherlands, occur. The poetry
is full of quotations frQm Virgil It is followed by these chronograms
on the jubilee, which conclude the tract —
Chronbgraphica.
hostIIs trIbUs brUXeLLensIUM DeCorI et thesaUro, = 1735
MUnDI LUCI, qILe LatItaVIt seXennIo, = 1735
pro DepULsIs VIrULentI LUtherI errorUM nebULIs. = 1735
atqUe In haC Urbe VInDICatA et restItUta fIDe
orthoDoXA= 1735
eXeMpLa pIetatIs eXhIbente beLoIs aUgUsta LeopoLDI = 1735
proLe, = 50
senatUs popULUsqUe CULtUM DeferUnt. = 1735
Alia.
gaUDIUM In CIVItate brUXeLLensI: = 1735
sUb DUCe parMensI CIVItas septenarIa eXpIabatUr. = 1735
sUb phILIppo seCUnDo In Urbe regIA Magna I
eXULtatIo. J ~ 735
Io! VIDetUr JUbILeUM A sesqUI seCULo. = 1735
annIVersarIUM brUXeLLIs DeVIC^e HiEREsIs. = 1735
annIVersarIUM brUXeLLIs reCUperata fIDeI. = 1735
eXULtans reLIgIo Dat pLaUsUM saLVIs hostIIs. = 1735
MarIa eLIsabetha DUX aUstrIaCa Vera hostIIs tUteLa. = 1735
DUX sanCtUM CorpUs VeneratUr. = 1735
brUXeLLa DeI pIIssIMa ConserVatrIX. = 1735
Urbs brUXeLLa Deo sUo sCUtUM. = 1735
DeUs brUXeLLa sUiE sCUtUM. = 1735
CertaVIt fIDes roMana brUXeLLIs Integro seXennIo. = 1735
VICIt atqUe eXsUperaVIt Casta fIDes erebI Monstra. = 1735
trIUMphat qUIet*: fIDes sUb tUteLA CaroLI seXtI. = 1735
Imprimi poterit. Datum Mechliniae
20 Julii 1735.
H. Stevart Ecclesiae Metropolitans S. Rumoldi canonicus,
Censor Libronim ordinarius.
THE FRANKFORT CHRONICLE.
CHRONICLE of Frankfort-on-the-Main bears this title,
' Der Weit-briihmen Freyen Reichs-wahl und Handels-
Stadt Franckfurt am Mayn chronica, etc.,' compiled
by Gebhard Florian from the manuscripts of Achilles
Augustus von Lersner. 2 vols. Folio. 1706- 1734. A
copy is in the British Museum (press-mark 10201. g.). There are
many curious engravings of local coins and heraldry. At page 230
of vol. ii. a panegyric is quoted, in which the career of Henry Lewis
Lersner is set forth in Latin verse, divided into nine 'steps of
honour,' describing that number of grades of office and dignity which
he filled at the city of Frankfort. It bears this title, 'PL A USUS
PARNASSI APPARATUS summo Honoris gradui, quando
electus Praetor judicialis, oblatus in ipso natali festivo die Generosis-
simo Magnificoque viro domino Domino Henrico Ludovico Lersnero,
urbis imperialis et reipublicae Francofurtensis Liberae justissimo
praetori, judici aequissimo Scabino, consuli amplissimo sapientis-
simoque, Scholarchae magnifico, in diversis legationibus. Oratori
facundissimo a Musis queis Apollo praesidet, quern non Parnassus
sed Paradisus possidet Francofurti ad Mcenum. Typis Andreae
Deutschmann, Anno MDCXCV.'
The ' steps ' are in Latin verse, and nearly all preceded by (care-
lessly printed) chronograms, in varied metre, after Horace and other
classical poets. I transcribe the chronograms only.
The first or introductory chronogram is the date of his birth —
nasCerIs In nono febrVI, tIbI nonVs honorIs ) =
traDItVr InDe graDVs ; perben^ nata nItes. J
The third step is his election as * junior consul * —
ConsVL es IVnIor, Capere IVnIorVM saLe. ) =
ConsILIa saCro prope Carent, non est senIs. J
1629
1677
THE FRANKFORT CHRONICLE. 545
}■
}■
5 —
i
1684
The fourth step he enters the ' Senatus Scabinorum ' —
te sCabInorVM petIt en senatVs,
pergIs, atq. Intras, sapIentIA ornas
IVre prafVLges, sophLeq. seDes
ESSE PVTARls.
The fifth step is his election as ' senior scholarcha ' —
Lersnere transI : te sChoLa postVLat
honorIs ostro CVM senIor nItes v = go,
sChoLarCha, parnassVs resVLtat, [ '
tota tIbI resonat IWenta.
The sixth step he is sent to Vienna on some important affairs — .
astat, qVIs peraget? Magna LegatIo
LersnerVs VIr aget granDIs et eLoqVens, } =* 1688
festIna petIt Vrbs te prIor aVstrIjE.
The seventh step he is sent to Augsburg, on the coronation of the
1 King of the Romans ' (the Emperor) Joseph 1. —
hVngarLe Ioseph regaLIa serta reVInCtVs ) _ 6g
Dona stVpenDa stVpet, nonne stVpenDVs eras? / 9
The eighth step, in which he is made ' senior consul —
non est fInIs honorIbVs, neC In te \
VIrtVtIs LVDoVICe Lersner, eCCe V = 1693
te Donat senIore ConsVLatV. I
The ninth step he is elected * judicial praetor' —
DIssere, qVot graDIbVs nItVIt LersnerVs honorIs ? ) _ ,
haVD pLVres referas, angeLVs esto fVas. J ~~ l 95
The same step is also marked by this metrical chronogram, which
terminates the panegyric —
PRiETOR fVLges IMperIaLIs
VeCtVs In apICes Lersner honorIs % = 6
non pLVs VLtra, franCofVrtI i 95
gLorIa non est aLtIor VrbIs.
m*~
}■
The second part of vol. ii. contains a large number of epitaphs and
monumental inscriptions now or formerly to be seen at Frankfort.
Some few contain chronograms to give the dates —
sVb jesV D0M0 feLIX tVtVsqVe qVIesCo. = 1692
In the next, the chronogram words are mingled with other
words or sentences, which do not count as dates, the latter being
printed in simple type. The inscription was placed at or over an
altar (the first two lines make 3424 ; that is double the date 171 2, the
date of the dedication of the altar) —
DEO iETERNO ET INCARNATO SACERDOTl ET HOSTliE )
DElPARiE et VIrgInIqVe In aDaM non peCCaVIt J 34 4
pIetatI In ConIVgeM per fata InDeLebILI. = 171 2
3Z
546 THE FRANKFORT CHRONICLE.
In Annam Augustam natam Comitissam de Hohenlohe
Francofurti 21 7bris: 17 11. Defunctam et
aDLatVs In Choro sepVLtaM. = 17 11
hoC aLtare epItaphII L0C0 ConDIDIt ) __
ConseCrarIqVe feCIt, J 7
Sere. Euge. Alexander s.r.i. de la Tour et Tassis,
pro qVa saCrIfICeMVs Deo. = 17 12
Another epitaph, to children of the noble family of Thurn and
Taxis—
sta VIator ! ne aD ossa Deo Chara InCaVte offenDas = 1 7 12
prInCIpVM DeCora sVnt; = 17 12
prInCIpaLIs thorI arIDI raMVLI. = 17 12
serenIssIMa stIrpIs De tVrre et tassIs InnoCentes. I
sIne fLore fLores. J I'12
Nimirum, Philippus Camoraltus natus 1 Aprilis mortuus
1708.
Francisca Maria Josepha nata 17 11, 19 7bris.
Mortua 29 ejusdem.
Lotharius Franciscus natus 1705, 10 Martii,
mortuus 1712, 27 Martii;
hos tres fLores MVnDo feLICIter genVere. = 17 12
Seren. s.r.i. Princeps Eugenius Alexander de la
Tour et Tassis et Anna Augusta nata Com. de
Hohenlohe, fLorent. has proLes, e saCro fonte renatas,
NON FATA REPVERVNT SeD ASTRA. iBl. BEAT/E IN DEO ANIMAS.
ossa pIa reqVIesCant.
After making allowance for, and correcting probable misprints in
the original, these last chronogrammatic lines do not make any pro-
bable date, and to that extent they are unintelligible. At page 171
there is a long chronogrammatic epitaph to Maria Philippina
Eleonora, Princess of Tour and Taxis, but so full of manifest errors
of printing, which I can in no way rectify, I am obliged reluctantly
to pass it over. There are also some other similar epitaphs to other
members of the same family ; they are given in my former volume
Chronograms^ pp. 65, 66, copied from the originals in Frankfort
Cathedral.
This concludes my extracts. The work is said to be much valued
at Frankfort for the great store of local history contained in its pages.
It is worthy of a place in any collection. Not having room enough, I
was obliged to let pass an opportunity I had for becoming the owner
of a copy.
SOME CURIOUS BOOKS.
THE DISCALCEATE TRINITARIANS.
, CURIOUS tract belonging to the Rev. W. Begley, printed
at Tyrnau, in Hungary, in 1722, folio, bears a title to
this effect : — The horizon of the Trinity Hemisphere
crowned with new and resplendent light, when, by the
Joshua of our time, Adam, Count of Kollonics of
Kollegrad (and many other titles), in the free and royal city of
Tyrnau, the fathers of the excalceate order of the Holy Trinity for
the redemption of captives were, on the 14th June 1722, conducted
to their new hermitage in that city. The author's name is ' Lucas &
S. Nicolaus/ a priest of the order.
The title-page is, 'HORIZON TRINITARIO TYRNA-
VIENSIS in utriusque Poli Hemisphaerio nova eaque fulgidissima
luce coronatus. Per seculi nostri redivivum Joshue illustrissimum
ac excellentissimum dominum Dominum Adamum e comitibus a
Kollonics de Kollegrad, perpetuum in Nagy-Lev&rd & Niderspergen
(and many other titles and dignities), dum in Libera Regiaque Civi-
tate Tyrnaviensi patres excalceati ordinis sanctissimae Trinitatis de
Redemptione captivorum anno post orbi datum Emmanuelem 1722,
Dominica tertia post Pentecosten, die 14 mensis Junii festivas inter
acclamantium voces ad neo extructum in media urbe Asceterium
traducerentur. Cujus ter fortunati eventtis decursum, rudi calamo
adumbratum, majorum jussu compulsus posteritati transcripsit, Fr.
Lucas & S. Nicolao ejusdem ordinis sacerdos et Concionator.
Tyrnaviae, 1722/
We learn from the tract that the order having been established
54$ THE DISCALCEATE TRINITARIANS.
at Paris as early as 1198, for the release of Christians held in cap-
tivity by the Saracens, and extended under Papal approbation, and
under the patronage of various potentates of Europe, was lately
established in Austria and Hungary, under the auspices of the
Emperor Leopold I., and especially at Tyrnau, in Hungary, in 171 2,
'Tyrnavia universae Pannoniae ornamentum/ The narrative gives
the local history of the order down to the occasion which is the sub-
ject of the tract. The following c triumphant ' sentence is printed in
bold type at page 10 : —
Io Io VIVat In trInItate aDaMVs ) _
koLLonICh; J ~ l'22
DIgnVs CVstos \
REGliE CORONiE HVNGARORVM J ''
IteM I
Ipse epIsCopVs, CantorqVe strIgonIensIs > = 1722
anDreas kVrtossL )
sIt, Maneat, DVretqVe reLIgIo J
trInItatIs In saCVLa. /"" i;22
serVItor trInItatIs CoMes petrVs I
zIChI De VasonIko. J ~ I?22
There is no other chronogram in the tract.
There were several orders of Trinitarians established in Spain,
France, Germany, and Hungary for redeeming Christian captives.
Some were called Discalceate or Barefoot, going about with naked
feet, or at most with small leather sandals.
THE JANSENISTS.
SMALL tract in my possession (12*, pp. 38), printed at Amster-
dam in 1683, bears this title —
NO VITAS
Appensa in Stater^
ANTIQUITATIS
emblematic^ trutinata.
Le, Novelty tried in the balance 0/ Antiquity emblematically weighed.
The contents are entirely in Latin. They relate to religious doc-
trines which were the subject of dispute in the Netherlands and
France. The name Nicolaus Costanus is signed at the conclusion of
the preface, which tells us that the tract is a translation and printed
at his expense, the author's name being unknown to him. The fol-
lowing is a complete transcript of the preface : —
Ad Lectorem.
Ne mireris, Candide Lector, haec Emblemata ad nostras manus
THE JANSENISTS. 549
esse translate : semper enim Musae Musarum patronum quserunt et
inveniunt. Hsec igitur (mirifice, authoris licet incogniti, studio
delectatus) sumptu proprio dedi luci, ut lucifugi Novatores, non
nostri Batavi, sed Brabanti, lucem veritatis defaecato mentis oculo
contemplentur. Vale, et sumptibus nostris, et authoris mihi incogniti
labore ac studio fruere.
Nicolaus Costanus. Arastelodamensis, 30 Julii 1683.
The plan of the work is to describe emblematical pictures, eighteen
in number \ each of them is preceded by a motto, title, or quotation
from St. Augustine or Thomas Aquinas, and a Bible quotation ; then
follows a description only of the pictorial emblem ; next comes a quo-
tation from Virgil, Ovid, or Horace, and four epigrammatic lines,
followed by a set of about twenty hexameter and pentameter verses,
entitled Allusio ad Emblema, all devoted to a particular religious con-
troversy and the refutation of certain * new dogmas.' Each of these
groups occupies two pages, and ends with a chronogram to enforce
the teaching and give the date of the book. The little work is
curious, but has less attraction for the modern reader than for him
who lived in the exciting controversy two hundred years ago. It may
be inferred that the tract is a reprint of another, leaving out the actual
impressions of the pictorial emblems alluded to. I transcribe the
chronograms only.
1. ChrIstIane, InUtILes JUnIorUM noVItates DeVIta. = 1683
2. eXterMInabUntUr noVItates faLsaqUe DoCtrInje. = 1683
si aUgUstInUs In thoMa, non In CorneLIo JansenIo
VIDeatUr. = 1683
3. sanCtUs thoMas aqUInas eX aLIIs seqUenDUs. = 1683
4. DeCIpIUntUr MULtI JansenII noVItatIbUs. = 1683
5. VIa antIqUorUM tUta CorneLII JansenII DUbIa. = 1683
6. CaVeas, si VeLUt roboaM sUbDItos reXerIs. = 1683
7. eX JansenIo nIhIL. DoCtrInIs antIqUorUM JUngas.= 1683
8. eX JansenIsta VeLUt est eX CorDe thoMIsta. = 1683
9. antIqUa eXorIentUr. noVa aC faLsa DeprIMentUr. = 1683
10. sCIas noVItates LUtherUM seDUXIsse. = 1683
11. Ut noVUs MqrItUr, serIUs DoCtrInas LUget. = 1683
12. stUDIUM noVItatIs Labor VaCUUs. = 1683
13. eX LIngUa tUa te JUDICaMUs. = 1683
14. septeM pUnCta a no Vis DILatata eXpIraVerUnt. = 1683
15. qUotIesCUMqUe pcenItUerIs es absoLVenDUs. = 1683
16. CorDe tenUs pLUrIMI seqUUntUr noVItates. = 1683
17. post rIsUs fLebItIs, MonaChI Vero In InterItU Vestro
rIDebUnt. = 1683
18. In VestIbUs oVIUM IntrInseC4: rabIDI LUpI. = 1683
It is evident from these chronograms that the tract was written
against the Jansenists, a sect which appeared in the Roman Catholic
Church about the middle of the seventeenth century. They were the
inveterate opponents of the Jesuits. They took their name from
Cornelius Jansenius or Jansen, bishop of Ypres, in the Netherlands,
55° THE JANSENISTS.
who published a book entitled ' Augustinus,' certain propositions in
which (on faith and doctrine) were decided to be heretical, and were
condemned by a bull of Pope Innocent x. in the year 1653 as
impious and blasphemous. A great controversy arose which caused
a schism in the Church. The sectarians supported their teaching by
asserting that the opinions advanced by Jansen were equally taught
by St Augustine, so that one could not be condemned without the
other. The persecutions which ensued made many fanatics, but the
paroxysm subsided after a few years ; still other bulls, rescripts, and
briefs continued to be issued down to the middle of the eighteenth
century, condemning all Jansenists and their doctrines as heretical,
and although the sect was not extinguished, it never again rose to any
position of influence. Much of their teaching proceeded from the
monastic school of Port Royal aux Champs, in France.
I cannot find a copy of this tract in the British Museum Library.
The chronograms may be thus translated —
1. O Christian 1, avoid the unprofitable novelties of these later writers.
2. Novelties and false doctrines shall be exterminated. Let it be seen
whether Augustine be in Thomas Aquinas ', and not in Cornelius Jansen.
3. Saint Thomas Aquinas above all others is to be followed.
4. Many who are Jansenists are deceived by novelties.
5. The way of the ancient Fathers is safe, that of Cornelius Jansen is
dubious.
6. You should be wary, if like Rehoboam, you would govern your
subjects.
7. There is nothing to be got out of Jansen. You should adhere to the
doctrines of the ancients.
8. Of Jansenism it comes as it were, that you are away from the heart
of Thomas Aquinas.
9. Let the ancient things be set up, and let the new and false ones be sup-
pressed.
10. You should know that novelties seduced Luther.
1 1. When the new dies away, the serious laments for the teachings.
12. The study of novelty is an empty employment.
13. We judge thee by thy speech. (Alluding probably to Luke xix. 22,
1 Out of thine own mouth I will judge thee.' Or according to the
Vulgate, i De ore tuo te judico.')
14. The seven points set forth concerning the new doctrine, have come to
an end.
15. As often as you are penitent you are to be absolved.
16. In the heart (or heartily) many have follotued novelties.
17. After laughing you shall weep, assuredly the monks will laugh at
thy ruin.
18. In the clothing oj sheep you are inwardly ravening wolves. (See
Matthew vii. 15, 'Beware of false prophets, which come to you in
sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.' Or accord-
ing to the Vulgate, ' qui veniunt ad vos in vestimentis ovium, intrin-
secus autem sunt lupi rapaces.')
r
LE MYSTkRE DE LA CROIX. 551
LE MYSTfeRE DE LA CROIX.
BOOK by an anonymous author, whose name is still unknown,
bears this title, * Le mystfere de la Croix, affligeante et con-
solante, mortificante et vivifiante, humiliante et triomphante,
de J&us-Christ, et de ses membres. Ecrit au milieu de la
croix au-dedans et au-dehors. Par un Disciple de la croix
de J&us. Achev£ le 12 d'Aout, 1732. On y a adjoutd
quelques poesies latines sur divers sujets, composes aussi dans la solitude
de Sonnenstein.
Chara CrVX, MIhI DVX. = 1732
* * * *
Ch^re CroIX, gVIDe assVrA, ) _
Menez aV port azVr£ !' J "~ l?*2
Such is the title-page, from an English reprint of the work by
Williams and Norgate, i860. The editor says that an original print is
rare, and the copy used by him is the only one he could discover.
The introductory letter is subscribed with the initials N. N., and
under that ' name ' a copy is entered in the British Museum catalogue.
The editor proceeds to remark that he has printed from the second
edition of 'Le Mystfere/ published at Lausanne in 1786, apparently
under the superintendence of Philippe Duthoit de Mambrini, a pastor
of the Reformed Church, and author of ' La Philosophic Divine,' in
which, vol i. p. 334, he eulogises the testimony left on record by the
anonymous author. The book has also been quoted in a remarkable
publication, 'A Suggestive Enquiry into the Hermetic Mystery,' 1850,
8°. It has indeed a religious purpose, carried out and elaborated in
a fanciful and almost mystical manner. The anonymous author, in a
time of religious persecution in France, sought refuge in Saxony, but
was imprisoned and rigorously treated for ten months in the castle of
Sonnenstein on the Elbe, where, as the title-page tells us, he com-
posed the work in solitude.
A RENUNCIATION.
CURIOUS tract in the collection of the Rev. W. Begley,
printed at Wittenberg, 1688, 40, pp. 40, is the Declaration of
a Canon of the Cathedral of Siccau, named Dippat, on his
renouncing the Roman Catholic Church and adopting the
Lutheran, together with his public revocation, preachings,
and thank-sermons. The title is —
'In tenebrIs et VMbrosIs seDens VerItate [ _ ,QQ
InVentA LVCI restItVItVr : / "" IM*
Das ist,
Briindliche Bekantnuss, warum Gabriel Alexius Dippat . . . aus der
55*
A RENUNCIATION.
Romisch-Catholischen Kirchen zu der heiligen Apostolisch-Catho-
lischen evangelischen Lutherischen kirch, gleich wie ein auderer durch
Lesung der Biicher beruffener Augustinus getreten ist, und Dieses
durch offentliche Revocations und Danck-Predigt dargestellet, ab
mVo, qVo IesVs saLVator MortIs ) _
DestrVCtor EXtIterat.' j ""
A very long sermon in German is the substance of the tract, on
the text i John iL 9. It is followed by his i Revocation and immedi-
ately after is this epistle in chronogram verse, as follows : —
Epistola Chronographico-Elegiaca, in qua patefacta Romani
Pontificis astutia et fidei Evangelicae puritas proponitur.
profVgVs e tenebrIs LVCI se sIstIt aDaMVs.
In IesV pergens astra beatVs InIt.
qVI prIVs eXIstebat aDm sat trIstIs IMago,
pLorat, Con Vers Vs fortIter esse petIt.
progenItVs nobMo papa DILVVIa perfert,
ponItVr In CVras, spes sIbI tota fVgIt,
VIVere qVA posset : papa Dant sCeLera fIneM,
QVfelS VITA iNFERNl PRjEPARAT IPSE" VlAS.
per qVjE DeCeptVs fVerat FERMk Integer orbIs,
VOS VESTRA, O PAPiE, VERTlTE qVjESO teLa.
ast InVenta fIDes optata est arCa nobMI,
qVA saLVas qVIVIs posset InIre VIas.
antIstes RoMiE sVbIVgans IsraeLItas
DestrVItVr, pcenIs perpetVIs CapItVr.
VenIt LVtherVs, Moses Is VenIt, et aLter,
ANTlQViE LegIs traDItor Ipse fVIt.
hanC tot prophetjb, tot PRiECoNES DoCVerVnt,
hanC ChrIstVs IesVs Vera saLVs DoCVIt.
hanC CVM pontIfICes aLIqVos sCIt faLsIfICasse,
LVtherVs IVsTfe hos ileresIs argVerat.
DoCtrInas PAPiE fVgIens, Monstrare reqVIrIt
antIqVas Leges, has prIor eXhIbVIt
iETAs: qVA fVerat sCrIptVra MagIstra saLVtIs,
atqVe DeI nobIs IrrIta IVra ferens.
atas : qVA nVLLa Vergebant traDItIones,
et LeX per terraM Vera beata fVIt.
iETAS : qVA papa fVerat sVa poMpa reCLVsa,
Vt IesV tant6 DIgnIor esse qVeat.
qVIs per DIVItIas~tantas non spernet IksVM,
aVro proCVrans soLIa fVsa sIbI.
hIs In rebVs papa sVPERBfe ILLVDIs IesV,
ast soLVet reDDens Infera tVrba tIbI.
sVCCeDIs petro Certo sVCCessor ab anno,
qVo paVpertaLI (sic) DVCtVs honore fVIt.
Vt VobIs Verbo fatear, est fabVLa roMa,
ASTVrfe QViE tot DeCIpIt arte sVA.
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
A RENUNCIATION.
t
proponIt CVLtV VeneranDos esse beatos,
Ipse Deo, qVo se qVIsqVe foVere Debet.
attrIbVIt MIssje, qV6D Vera preCatIo patrIs,
IgneqVe pVrgantI nos LIberare qVeat.
posse DoCet Missis non VIVos SjEpe IWarI,
IGNAROS PRlVANT TALlTER iERE sVo.
PRiETEREA InstItVVnt CIneres sIVe ossa beorVM,
qVos aIVnt Iras posse LenIre DeI.
ast hI perVersI perVertVnt MerIta ChrIstI,
atqVe VoLVnt proprIIs regna tenere DeI.
an non Vera Debet fIDeI DoCtrIna perIre,
si VanIs VIrIbVs astra tenere VoLVnt.
qV« DoCtrIna tVa est, DVbIos Vt tot retIneres,
iETERNA eXpERTES ESSE SALVTE DEBENT.
hos papa eXsoLVes strIngenDVs In Igne perennI,
CVM trIbVet p<enas Ipsa gehenna tIbI.
et MonaChI CVnCtI, qVI tanto In sCeLere VIWnt,
pontIfICes CIngent, fVnera prjEst6 Canent.
Dona petVnt taLes, satIant se paVperIs arte,
et Carnes VIDViE DIrIpIVntVr IbI,
sCIre VbI DesIDeras? In CLaVstrIs sCeLera tanta
eXtant et taLIs papICa CVra fVIt:
eDe, bIbas, LVDas, CLaVstrIs est Chara VoLVptas,
o qVot papatVs ConCaVa CarnIs habet.
De reLIqVIs taCeo ! qVIa restant teMpora tanta,
QVfclS QVIS PAPIST* VItIa ferre qVeat.
ast pIVs -omC Cernens LVtherVs faLsa DoCerI,
PRONfe Vera CVpIt, pVra DoCere VoLens,
sVrgIt, proponIt sCrIptVr* DogMata proba,
taLIter InIVngens Vetera IVra fVIt.
HiEC CHARfe sat, qVm petrVs paVLVsqVe DoCebant,
PRjEDICaT, ET PAPiE VICTA CATENA FVIt.
hVIVs erat VIrI Donator pastor IesVs
saXonIaM tenebrIs sIC LIberare petens,
saXon^qVe DVCes Ita prIMos InserIt astrIs,
Vt retr6 possInt soLe beante frVL
VT PARlTER FOVEAT PRiESENTlA teMpora nostro
pVra reponIt LVX Dona saCrata sVa.
In DVCe SAXoNliE prasentI LVMIna ponens,
Iste pIIs VerbIs personat orbe sVo.
Det DeVs Vt VIVat regnans, h^C Verba reserVans,
aD pLVres annos IrrIta regna tenens.
esto DVCIs tantI MIsero sVa gratIa PRiESENS,
IesVs qVI eLoqVIo propIor esse qVeat.
Is se ConVertIt tenebras pap^ fVgIenDo,
et VerbI pVrI LVMIna IVsta petIt.
4A
}-
}-
}-
}-
}-
}=
553
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
1688
SOME OTHER BOOKS CONTAINING
CHRONOGRAMS.
HE group which follows consists of notices of smaller
works, tracts, and pamphlets, containing chronograms
on devotional, biographical, historical, and generally
curious subjects, which are too limited in extent to
form separate chapters. Although they are closely
associated in these pages, they have no mutual connection ; on the
contrary, they are detached and miscellaneous.
ASTR&A JUDEX.
A book in my possession, pp. 430, 8#, bears this title, < Astraea
Judex asseclarum mundi ad coelestes Agni nuptias admitti
postulantium causas examinans et refellens; sive, De coelo conse-
quendo familiare colloquium, carmine elegiaco in tres libros cum
figuris seneis partitum ; cui succedit mantissse loco, Vertumnus
Vanitatis; Authore P. Martino k S. Brunone h Clericis Regul.
Scholarum piarum. Cum facultate ordinarii Brunae, 1697/
There is a copy in the British Museum (press-mark 11405. a.). The
contents are very curious, and consist of Latin poetry of a moral and
religious tendency, in the classical style. The only chronograms
occur in the introduction. The first two lines give the date of the
boQk, the next two lines are a chronogram and a cabala of the same
date combined, the third two lines are a chronogram only. The
facsimile on the opposite page, taken from the original, represents
them, together with the key to the cabala, as they appear in the book ;
and I give them also in modern print as follows —
I = 1697
a 1697
= 1697
ASTR&A judex. sss
In illud P. Ovidii Nasonis Metamorphoseon 1.
. . . Terras Astraea reliquit :
~ Carmen ChronographicoCabalisticum
optIMa QVbD praVas astrjEA reLIqVerIt oras;
VnVs In aVgVrIIs, naso, refeLLo tVIs.
ASTRiEA InIVsto tIbI non Vaga fVgIt ab orbe:
278 498 120 130 209 322 3 137
IVnXIt opIMa pIIs se Dea-VIrgo sChoLIs.
658 150 168 95 10 346 _ 270
enthea si VatIs reparaVIt penna, qVoD mtas
jENEA DestrVXIt; pLaVDIte VersIfICo!
The key to the cabala is given in the facsimile, and at other
places in the present volume (see Index, 'Cabala.') The resulting
figures make the date 1697 independently of the chronogram letters.
la illud P4 Ovidij Nafonis Mctamorphofcon r.
• - terras Aftratrtliquti:
Carmen Chrooographico-Cabalifticum
optIMa qV6D praYas ASTELMA reLIqVerIt oras ;
VaVs la AVgXrlls Najo, refeLLo tVIs.
ASJKjEA IoIVfto tlbl aoa Vaga fVglc ab orbe:
*7* 49* tio» Jio 409. %%u |. I*?*
IVnXIt opIMa rife fe Dea-VIrgo sdoLls.
6fS* «f©» i*8« 9f- to* 346* 21O4
Enthea si Vacls reparaVIt Penna, qVoD Mm
j&u* DeftrVXIt ; pLaVDIte VavJ/lCo !
Vmr Ltwaxufn.
1. u r* + 1* & 7* !♦ •» la ** *©* 40. fo* do. 70 *af&io&toa!oa40o.fO#*
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556 DACHERODEN.
A very curious and rare little book in my possession,1 consisting
jf\ of 160 pages, 12°, written in 1619, and printed at Erfurt in
1621, has for its subject the changes or permutations made by the
author on the words of a single hexameter line (a chronogram) of
eight words, by a regular succession of transpositions. The title-page
tells us that they here amount to 3559. By calculating the contents of
all the pages (15 to 148) occupied by the subject the number comes
out as 3534, sufficiently near to verify the author's quantity. The
author, Jaspar k Dacheroden, is mentioned in Zedler's Universal
Lexicon as * Caspar Dacheroden, — a good man and a good poet* The
title-page is —
Ingenii, luctus tempore, Ludus erat
Distichon
Chronohexametri,
Numerum continens :
In quinquaginta atque novem, Ter milleque formas
Quingentas, Lector, versus hie Hexameter :
Jasparis k Dacheroden
in Thal-Ebra, . . . compos, et absol.
die xbris xviii. Anno epochae christians mdcxix.
excus. verb mdcxxi.
Erfurti, Typis Phiiippi Wittelii.
Passing over the introductory verses and an elaborate dedication
to certain ecclesiastical dignitaries and learned scholars, we reach at
p. 9 an hexameter chronogram written by Georgius Gramanus, and
transposed 19 times, in honour of the admired author Dacherode; it
is mentioned that the line may be * transfigured ' in the same manner
a vast number of times ; the first four lines will suffice for an example —
ne CoDrVs tentet, rogo graMan, Vertere Vers Vs. = 1620
NE TENTET CoDrVs GRAMAN ROGO VERTERE VERSVs. = 1620
NE VERSVS TENTET, GRAMAN ROGO, VERTERE CoDrVs. = 1620
NE TENTET VERSVs, ROGO GRAMAN, VERTERE CoDrVs. = 1620
At page 15 the principal work begins with this title —
aDIVtorIVM et spes bona, nobIs sIt ChrIstVs. = 1620
Symbolum genii.
qVoD, Mens sIt IVsto, rogo Iaspar, psaLLere IesV. = 16 19
Quod, sit mens justo rogo Jaspar psallere Jesu.
Quod, mens sit justo Jaspar rogo psallere Jesu.
Quod, sit mens justo Jaspar rogo psallere Jesu.
Quod, mens sit Jaspar rogo justo psallere Jesu.
Quod, sit mens Jaspar rogo justo psallere Jesu.
And so on for the whole 3559 lines, which the author says he
has composed with the same eight words.
1 I do not know of any other copy ; there is none in the British Museum.
j
LONG WORDS. 557 I
At page 149 this chronogram occurs —
LaVs trIno atqVe VnI gLorIa fIrMa Deo. = 16 19
And afterwards the original line, Quod mens sit, etc., is set to music
in a four-part song quaintly printed. The curious little book finishes
with the colophon, thus, — Cum licentia superiorum. Impensis Joannis
Birckneri, Bibliopolae Erffurdensis, excudebat Phillipus Wittelius, anno
CI3.IC.XXI. Mense Martio.
LONG WORDS.
A tract written and published in 1630, in praise of the city of
Dantzig, then in the kingdom of Poland, is dated by a chrono-
gram composed of words of great length but of little sense ; they may,
however, be interpreted, if not exactly translated, as having direct
allusion to distress and anxiety consequent on war affecting the in-
habitants of that city. The chronograms are similar in composition to
a couplet intended to be read as hexameter and pentameter verse
which many a schoolboy in times past was familiar with, as mere
' nonsense ' verse ; but that couplet never was a chronogram, and it
cannot be treated as one until the year 2040, when some event or
other may happen to the people of Constantinople, who may then
exclaim, i There, now, is the date of it !' Until that epoch shall arrive
it will suffice to print it in plain letters—
Conturbabantur Constantinopolitani
Innumerabilibus sollicitudinibus. -
Now let us return to the tract mentioned at the commencement of
these remarks. It may be seen in the British Museum (press-mark
1 1408. a.a.a.), small 40, pp. 100. The title is ' GEDANUM S1VE
DANTISCUMuxbs illustris et regia, urbs illustriss. ampliss. florentiss.
Annulus, gemma, decus Sarmatiae; Ocellus, deliciae, Paradisus
Borussiae, mercimanniorum mercantorumque nobile emporium, Vari-
arum gentium theatrum,' etc. eta, k Vencesilao Clementis Boh. Exule.
Anno, quo saepe precatus est
ne ContrIstentVr DantIsCanopoLItanI ) _ A
beLLa parabILIbVs soLLICItVDInIbVs. / "" It>3°
The poem in praise of Dantzig occupies 92 pages. It is followed
by some epigrams about Dantzig, and verses addressed to the author,
who is there called ' Exul. pro Christi nomine.' At page 96 there are
two varieties of the chronogram —
ne ContVrbantor DantIsCanopoLItanI ) _ ,
ContrIstabILIbVs soLLICItVDInIbVs. J "~ x°3°
Vel
ne ConstrIngantor DantIsCanopoLItanI
ContVrbabILIbVs soLLICItVDInIbVs.
i = 1630
558
LONG WORDS.
Anagram on the author's name.
Magister VVenceslaus Clemens,
En sis magnus, et crucem alleves.
ie. Master Weneeslaus Clement, Lo ! may est thou be great and set up a
cross. — We learn from these extracts that he was a refugee from the
religious persecutions in Bohemia.
In imitation of the foregoing tract, the same writer in X636 produced
another in praise of the city of London, in the form of a poem
bearing a name adopted from that of the ancient inhabitants of the
country north-eastward from London, the Trinobantes. It may be
seen in the British Museum (press-mark 837. g. 29). 40. The title in
full is as follows, ' Venceslai Clementis a Lybeo-Monte TRINOBAN-
TIADOS AUGUSTAS sive Londini Libri vi. quibus urbis nobilis-
simae, Antiquitas, Ortus, Progressus, Gloriae, Famaeque incrementa,
Tanquam Sciographia, luculenter exprimuntur.
ne CoLLVCentVr trInobantIaDopoLItanI. > _
IntestabILIbVs soLLICItVDInIbVs.' J "~
There is no other date on the title-page. The verses in praise of
London occupy 904 pages. The work is dedicated to Charles 1. of
England. I cannot find any direct explanation of the place ' Lybeo-
Monte ' which the author adds to his name. It is the Latin form of a
town, probably in Bohemia. I find this in Zedler's Universal Lexicon,
vol. xvii. p. 809, ' Libus, oder Lybus, Libuch, Libetz, Libitz, Libiz.
Latin Libussa, ein schloss in Bohmen.'
The same author also wrote a poetical work without any chrono-
grams, about the Order of the Garter, entitled ' Garteriados/ under the
same designation, 'a Lybeo-Monte.1 The subject comes into the
book next to be noticed.
1636
THE ORDER OF THE GARTER.
A small thin book (British Museum, press-mark 12430. a. 12) 120
— a pencil note; 'fine copy; scarce; j£if ns. 6d.' The title
is, *RATIONIS ET ADPETITUS PUGNA. Hoc est, De
amore Edoardi in. regis Angliae et Elipsiae, comitissae Salisbericensis
historia, quam ex Famae fanum adjecit
iEschacius Major.
HALIS SAXONliB aD saLaM =
eDebat IoaChIMVs krVsere, =
presserat
ChaLCographo CeLe
ChrIstophorVs bIsMarCVs.'
The dedication is dated — Kalendis Quinctilibus cid.id.cxii.
ue. (ist July 1612). The book contains no other chronogram.
>=
1612
1612
1612
r
ON DICE AND GAMING,
The printer, Christopher Bismark, is the subject of some inquiry in
Notes and Queries, 12th August 1882, p. 128, and 9th September
1882, p. 216. The place of publication (observe the first line of the
chronogram) is Halle, on the river Saale, in Saxony. In noticing this
little book, it is needful to refer only to the romantic story of the
scene at a ball between King Edward in. of England and the
Countess of Salisbury, and to the more authentic history of the events
which led to the institution of the Order of the Garter in 1349 by
that king. The authorship of the work is alluded to at the con-
clusion of the preceding notice.
559
ON DICE AND GAMING.
A tract, in Latin, of 50 pages, printed at Erfurt, on the subject of
J-\^ gambling-games and dice, condemning them as the invention
of the devil — *a Diabolo inventa* — and the parents of crime, fraud,
and an infinity of eviL The moral is especially pointed at the game
called ('vulgo dicitur') ' Pennalismus,' at the time prevalent in many
of the German Universities. The only date is the chronogram on
the title-page, which is as follows —
'Fortunante Sortis Moderatore Deo.
ALEA
Theoretico-practica
A Dn. Joanne Weinreichen, Isennaco-Thuringo, ju. c. instituta et
exhibita, In qua Ingenii sui vires periclitabitur Christianus Schlichter
Blanckenhainensis,
Die . . Decembris Anno
stVDIosI ab aLea et LVDIs IVre prohIbItIs abesse Debent. =
Erfurti. Typis Wittelii
i>. Students ought to be absent from dice and games forbidden by law.
The dedication on the back of the title-page is thus, in large print —
1622
S6o ON JUBILATIONS.
A NOTHER tract in Latin, of 16 pages, an academical Thesis or
a/\ dissertation at Landau, on the subject of Jubilations, is dated
by a chronogram on the tide-page, which commences thus, 'Dis-
putatio de Jubilatu,' eta, by ' Hugo Cusonius, Landaviensis.'
Anno, IVbILate IVVenes LjEtI In DoMIno. = 162 1
i.e. Rejoice in the Lord, ye joyful youths.
This js an amusing tract The author laments that although
books abound on matters of grammar andjogic, yet nothing has been
written about rejoicings, ' de jubilo/ — * 6 tempora 6 mores ! ' He
alludes to joyful sounds uttered in song "by the Heavenly Host, Ring
David, and others ; and so downwards to ordinary men and women,
giving amusing definitions of the various sounds made by them when
laughing or using joyous expressions, such as 'balbitans,' 'blaesans,'
'oncans,' — bleating, .lisping, braying, with their variations when
indulged in by stammering, young, old, or toothless persons. He
represents in a long sentence of syllables the exclamations used by
students and courtiers (i.e. in Germany), and he describes the noises
which they make in the streets by striking their swords on the ground
with great clamour on their way home at night, so that they may be
recognised by each other, and fall into quarrels, or trip up the watch-
man and others by ropes stretched across the streets. Having
arrived at this low depth of jubilation, one naturally expects to find a
moral ; the author does not, however, reach that point, he only says,
in the space of three or four lines, that all he has described ought to
be seen to. Indeed, the only moral precept is the chronogram on the"
title-page.
MARIA VIRGO SOUS.
A book of 'Emblems' in the British Museum (press-mark 11409.
g. 11), 40, pp. 140. The title-page is as follows : —
V
I
MARIA
G
Mystica sub S O L I S imagine
Emblematic^ expressa. — etc.
(by) — P. F. Joanne de Leenheer, ordinis Eremitarum Sancti Patris
Augustini religiose — Brussels, 1681.
There is a nicely engraved frontispiece, having at the bottom the
Virgin surrounded by cherubs in the air, holding shields, on which
acrostic lines are engraved, commencing with the letters of the name
MARIA VIRGO SOLIS—A. B. C. POEMS. 561
maria. There are throughout the book numerous emblems, accom-
panied by texts in Latin and Dutch.
The * Epistola dedicatoria,' to De Villegas, Baron de Hovorst, .
contains a quintuple acrostic on his name, devillegas, and
concludes with this chronogram —
DEI GENlTRlX, VNlCA iBGROTANTlVM saLVs. = 1680
This is followed by epigram verses addressed to the author and
to his book, headed thus, 'Reverendo in Christo patri F. Joanni
De Leenheer, Gymnasii Literarii Magni Patris Augustini Bruxellis
Prdcfccto
eX Voto VIrgInI LIbrVM DICantI. =1681
Ita accinebat amico, ac suo quondam Magistro F. Philippus Tax,
Augustin. Philosophise professor.'
Then follow the epigrams and the rest of the book.
A. B. C. POEMS.
A scarce book, published at Ghent, without date on the title-page.
£\^ i Den nieuwen Spiegel der jongheyd, of te Gulden A, B, C, Voor
de Leerzuchtige Jongheyd. Dienende tot stichtige Onderwyzinge, en
om in de kleyne Katholyke Scholen gebruykt te worden. In Rym
vertoont door den Eerwierden Heer Ferdinandus Loys,' etc. etc. 40.
pp. 124. On pages 4 and 5 there are some verses complimentary
to the author, and descriptive of the contents, preceded by this
chronogram —
U zY toeWensChInoe UYt zUYVere en Waere affeCtIe,
Van Den rYM-konstIgen aUteUr. = 1766
The work consists of poems or verses in the Flemish language on
subjects mostly of religious or moral instruction, arranged alphabetic-
ally, and printed in various kinds of type, and having consequently a
singular aspect. The above chronogram is probably the date of the
original authorship of the work. On the colophon there is the official
approbation of the work, dated 9th April 1772, and another approba-
tion of the present reprint of the same, subscribed thus —
Reprimi potest
Datum Gandavi hac 30. Octobris 18 10.
^ Maurit. Epiis Gand.
THEATRVM STULTORUM.
A book entitled * THE A TR VM STULTOR UM joco-serium, sive
x\^ Mundus fatuus emblematic^ expressus per R. P. Joannem de
Leenheer, Augustinianum Bruxellensem.> Brussels, 1669. (British
4B
562 TIfEATRUM STULTORUM— DANIEL SCHWENTER.
Museum, press-mark 11409. e. — 2.) The contents are principally
maxims on the subject of Folly, followed by verses in the Latin and
Flemish languages, commencing with an address, 'Ad Libellum,
Lectoremque Benevolum/ which, at page 12, concludes thus, giving
the date of the book —
VenIte \
rIDete HjeC Ipsa VIDenDo >= 1669
aVt fLete. j
At page 27 some verses addressed to the author are subscribed
thus —
DICat MagIstro, phILIppVs taX. = 1669
Poeta Brux.
At page 66 some verses are headed, ' Stultitia condonatorum
Pharisaicorum, Ministrorum videlicet in Hollandia
minister (Anagramma) mentiris.'
At page 151 the concluding set of verses bears this title, Sluyt-
Ryden, and they are followed by these chronograms —
fInIs operIs. ) _ T£fin
theatrVM CLaVDItVr. J ~ IO°9
DetVr Deo, DeIpaile, ) = ^
aC b. patrI aVgVstIno gLorIa. J v
DANIEL SCHWENTER.
A very thick 40 volume, all in German, full of curious matters in
£\ natural and experimental philosophy, and illustrated by many
rough woodcuts of machines and apparatus; but it is very badly
printed The title is, 'DELICTI PHYSICO MATHEMATICAL
By Daniel Schwenter. 3 volumes bound in one. Nuremberg, 1651.
(British Museum, press-mark 716. f. 3. Another copy, 529. d. 3. — 41)
It is understood that this author's name is a pseudonym for Janus
Hercules de Sunde. It is not explained why it was adopted by him.
The present work is a collection of his papers published by his
family after his death.
At page 70 of one of the divisions of the work, are these chrono-
grams of the years 1652 and 1653. They seem not to have any
particular application, at least none is assigned to them —
( PATET
1. Magno Deo sanCto gLorIa In orbe < nItet' = 1653
2. teMpora DoCta Latent et gratIa In arte< • " = 1653
3. TEMPORA DoCTA PATENT, iETERNAT GLorIa In ARTE. = 1 65 2
FREDERICK-AUGUSTUS OF POLAND.
{NOTAT
rapIt*
AT )
5. Mars CaDat et Leges erIgjt > astrIpotens.
6. MaCte Deo soboLes In pIetate rata.
Also
Man DanCket gott.
Lobt i
LIebt
Ihn In noht.
1=
5^3
i<>53
1653
1652
1653
FREDERICK-AUGUSTUS OF POLAND.
TWO very thick folio volumes (British Museum, press-mark 836.
m. 8. 9.), entituled, lSWADA POLSKA . . . albo mis-
cellanea,' relating to the history of Poland. They consist of several
sections in the Latin and Polish languages, each with a separate pagi-
nation, a promising ground in which to hunt for chronograms;
it contains a great many inscriptions and epitaphs of kings and other
persons, but otherwise disappointing. The only chronogram I could
find is at the conclusion of a panegyric on Frederick- Augustus L, son
of John-George, Elector of Saxony, King of Poland, by Andrew
Stanislas Buchowski, Professor at the University of Cracow, 15th
September 1697.
Vive diu regnumque bea melioribus annis.
tVMqVe throno feLIX sis reX aVgVste seCVnDe. =
i.e. Live long and bless the kingdom with happier times, and then for-
tunately mayest thou be happy on the throne, O king. He was not
more fortunate than some of his predecessors : troublesome times
followed ; he undertook wars to recover for Poland its lost territory,
and indulged in dreams of conquest and the establishment of a great
empire. The history of that unhappy country tells of disappointment
and disaster instead. He was elected king of Poland in 1697, deprived
of his crown in 1704. His successor, Stanislas 1., was not more pros-
perous. He was forced to retire in 1709, when Frederick Augustus
was again elected, who was succeeded in 1733 by his son, Frederick
Augustus 11.
1697
FUNERAL ELEGIES.
A volume of tracts marked, 'Orationes funebres et epicedia
illustria' (British Museum, press-mark X230X. dd. 6.), 40.
Tract 2 contains an elegy on Doctor Jacobus Godefridus, a clergyman
at Brunswick, who died 12 Calends of April 1587, concluding thus —
prjeCo fIDeLIs obIt ChrIstI heI gottfrIDVs, Vt aLtVs ) _
LanIgerI peCorIs CynthIVs astra qVatIt. j
1587
564 FUNERAL ELEGIES.
Tract 3, printed at Tubingen in 1584, is a funeral oration on
Caspar Wildius, a man of renown in Wurtemberg, eta, by Georgius
Lieblerus. The last page, 21, concludes with this distich, containing
the place, year, month, and day of his death —
seXta DIes febrVI fVLgebat In aXe CorVsCo, 1 tf«
In tVbIa eXtInCtVs VVILDIVs Vrb£ IaCet. J ~" I5*4
And this acrostic epitaph on him —
Hac jacet exiMius conteCtus Wildius Vrna
Inclyt A quem vitAe fama sVperstes habeL
Consiliis maGnis ducibuS qui profult almis
In primls Patri dux Ludoice, tuo.
Aspexit miSeros mAnsueto corDe benignus,
Canden Ti cunctis pectoRe * Iustus erat
Ex totoque DEum colUit conamine, cVjus
Tandem, sed meRitb, Sydera Summacolit.
The capital letters read thus —
Hie Jacet Magister Casparus Wildius.
Tract 6. Elegies on the death of Lewis Count Palatine and
Duke of Bavaria, printed at Heidelberg, 1583. These chronograms
occur, made by Joannes Lundorpius —
Iste pater patrLe prInCeps obIIt LVDoVICVs,
CVI CorDI InteorItas reLLIgIonIs erat.
Iste paLatIna LoDoVICVs gLorIa gentIs
oCCVbat, oCtobrIs qVarta ter ItqVe DIes.
In CIneres patrIje pater, heV, heV, trIstIa jata,
bIs seXta oCtobrIs LVCe CaDente CaDIt.
LVDoVICVs prInCeps paLatInVs eLeCtor DefVnCtVs est. =
Another tract contains these couplets on his death —
Intereant CasV bona VeL MaLa CVnCta repent^
et Ver£ Constans nIL VagVs orbIs habet.
en paLatInVs erat qVI DVX LVDoVICVs In aVLa
. nVnC VIVIt ChrIsto, perfrVItVrqVe poLo.
Tract No. 7, an elegy on Prince Fridericus Mauritius of Anhalt,
gives two chronograms of the date of the tract, one at the foot of
the title-page, the other on the colophon. Printed at Soteropolis,
Anno—
sors prInCIpIs In ManV pr^potentIs DeI est. = 161 1
sors hoDIe MIhI; Cras VenIet tIbI. = 161 1
I ract No. 15, of elegies on a renowned official person of Ratisbon,
contains this date of his death —
eheV IaM nobIs Letho sVrreptVs aCerbo
-
1583
}-
1583
}-
iS»3
T. =
IS«3
}-
1S83
\-
1583
DefknsorqVe potens kXIIt orbe pater !
\ = 1684
FUNERAL ELEGIES— BOHEMIAN ARTISTS. 565
A tract, No. 9, in a volume, British Museum, press-mark 12301.
dd. 7, an oration, etc., at the funeral of Johannes Rodolphus Weste-
nius, followed by * Epicedia,' where the following appears at page
80—
Lectissimo conjugum pari.
eX Voto Vos Vna DIes ConIVnXIt aMantes = 1643
LVXIt et eXtInCtos hebDoMas Vna sIbI = 1684
Scilicet unanimes qui tot vixistis in annos
Vultis et seterni pace, simulque frui.
The first line gives the year of their marriage on the same day, the
second that of their death in the same week.
This tract is one in a series of eight volumes, the above is in
volume vii. Elsewhere I have noticed vol. vi. All the other volumes
are devoid of chronograms.
BOHEMIAN ARTISTS.
T"|* XTRACTS from a dictionary of Bohemian artists, * Allegemeines
j\f historisches Kunstler-Lexicon fur Bohmen, etc.' By G. J.
Dlabacz. Prag, 1815. 3 parts. 40. (British Museum, press-mark
2033. g.) The following chronograms are gathered from the closely
printed pages, where they are likely to be overlooked unless the search
for them is carefully made.
Anton Birkhart, sculptor, 1 677-1 748. On a portrait by him
of St Paul— 9
paVLo Magno apostoLo nostro DVCI = 17 n
InCLyto gentILIs praVItatIs DoMatorI. = 171 1
Inscription on a statue by him in Stephens-gasse, Prag —
MVnIfICentIa, et beneVoLentIa DeLata, = 17 14
Illustrissimo . . . Francisco Antonio . . . comite de Sporck,
Domino in Lissa, etc.; forMa statV;E In pLatea stephanensI,
NEO-PRAGiE SlTA, sCVLPTA ET EDlTA. as 1 7 14
A statue by him of the Virgin Mary was inscribed —
beata DeI genItrIX, MarIa CotIesChoVena. = 1720
IbIDeM Vt CapItVLI prases pcenItentes soLatVr. = 1720
A monastic building decorated by him was inscribed —
patrIbVs ConsCrIptIs In habItIs totIVs proVInCLb CoMItIIs
saCrata et ConseCrata. = 1727
Another statue by him of the Virgin Mary was inscribed —
Mater DeI Vera aVXILIatrIX ConsoLatrIX nostra. = 1745
Another statue by him, St. Podivinus, was inscribed—
sanCto poDIVIno eX Voto pIe, et enIXe DeDICatVr, = 1745
a Joanne Antonii Cajetano Libero Barone de Wunschwitz.
Carl Birkhart, sculptor, a building decorated by him, and
566 BOHEMIAN ARTISTS.
dedicated to the Virgin Mary by Maria Theresia, Queen of Hungary.
An inscription thereon contained these chronograms —
en DVo Ver* pIetatIs et reLIgIonIs proDIgIa, In LVDoVICo,
et In theresIa hVngarLe regIbVs. = 1743
VnDe VenIet aVXILIVM regInje VngarLe. J A9
a pIa regIna CoeLI. J "" I743
Ut rex Hungaria Ludovicus nomine magnus,
Hostes devicit, Viigine Matre duce,
Sic pariter, vario redita certamine Victrix,
Regina Hungarian, Czechiadumque Caput
Magna Deo VIVas per Canos nestorIs annos, ) _
stIrps VICtrIX VIVas posterItatIs honos ; j ~~ ' 43
pLVs VLtra CresCant, pLVs aVrea serta VIresCant, ( _
pLVra VbI beLLa geres, pLVrIMa serta feres. J x'*3
HOC SACRA REGLe MaIESTATI VeSTRjE I ) _
eX Voto DeVoto VoVet, et optat Vates, J ~~ I745
Subjectissimus Christianus Ferber, Locumtenens Auditor.
Johann Bok, a celebrated bell-founder at Kaurzim in Bohemia,
put up a fine bell in the church-tower, thus inscribed (the chronogram
shows two dates) —
honorI DeI VeneratIonI sanCtorVM petrI et paVLI In
soLatIa pII regIs refVsa sVb. = 1736
Clemente xi. pontifice maximo, Carolo vi., Rom. Imp. . . . etc.
ANNO QVO LEOPOLDlNA CoMlTl EX STERNBERG ABllT VIeNNA.= 1 7 26
Jacob Codicillus belonged to the University of Prague, and
followed the art of music and dramatic performance. His epitaph
in Latin verse concluded thus, giving the date of his death, on the
day of St Maurice, the 22d September 1576 —
LVX VbI MaVrICIo CVrrebat saCra IaCobVs I
eXhaLat: VIrtVs est graVItas qVe sVper. j "~ IH
Johann Gaspar Dooms, a portrait-painter. A picture by
him of Saint Francis Borgias bore this inscription —
sanCtVs franCIsCVs borgIa DVX ganDIjB, e soCIetate IesV.
prjeposItVs generaLIs III. In Vrbe XII. aprILIs CanonIzatVs. = 167 1
And over the head —
LargVM VtrInqVe DeCVs. = 167 1
And beneath —
LVMen ganDIaCIs eXIstIs borgIa terrIs = 167 1
qVID IesV soCIIs? LVMen Ipse nItor. = 167 1
Johann Franz Fischer, a copperplate engraver at Prag. A
picture by him of Saint Lidwina was inscribed and dated —
beata LYDVIna agrIs patIentLe specVLVM. = 172 1
A picture of Saint Agnes was inscribed and dated —
sanCta agnes De Monte poLItIano rorIs sVpernI aspersIone,
et fLorIbVs e terra eXortIs ornata. = 1727
BOHEMIAN ARTISTS. 567
Johann Christoph Joseph Haan, a student of medicine at
Prag, and engraver on copper. A portrait by him of a celebrated
Doctor Dobrienski was thus inscribed — .
prjbstans IMperIo CLaVTVs qVoD praestat In astrIs, = 1670
IaM boIIs CVLtVs tV DabIs arte parI. = 1670
In qVo se pr^fert MeDICVs VIr In orbe gaLenVs (sic) = 1674
tV qVoqVe DeVoto perCeLebrare Metro. = 1670
sIC ne IgItVr terrIs notVs DoMInare poLoqVe? = 1670
Da, qVeat haan, pr«sens serWs habere LoCVM. = 1670
Benedict Hajek had some occupation at the monastery of
Hohenfurt He is said to have kept a sort of scrap-book in which
he wrote things worth preserving. This chronogram was among
them, whatever it may have referred to—
phILogIsMVs In Barbara neo aC perIpatetICa DeserVIens= 1766,
seV reMonstratIo CharItatIs non fICt^ In DIVa Barbara
reLata = 1766
perDoCto, et eXIMIo phILosophLe neoterIGe professorI;= 1766
VenerabILI jeMILIano De pLassIo professo affeCtV
FRATERNO PRjEENTATA, = 1765
atqVe a patre beneDICto haIek aLtoVaDI1 professo penna
effIgIata, et DepICta. = 1766
Hoc opens factor fine coronat opus.
Mille tibi voveo sanos at Nestoris annos.2 ) = —
84 120 505 271 101 464 221 J '
i.e. I wish thee a thousand healthy years ', even as those of Nestor.
Johann Jacob Krumpfer was a noted bell-founder at Breslau.
He put up a bell at the Johanneskirche with this inscription —
soLVe Deo grates qVotIes CaMpana LeVatVr, = 1721
Mens pVLsV CorDIs se sVper astra LeVet. = 1721
Meister Johann Makal was a bell-founder at Raknezan,
in Bohemia. He put up a bell at the church there, as the inscription
states, in the place of one destroyed by fire in X589, in the reign of
the Emperor Rudolph n., 'quod sequentes versus demonstrant,'
which seem to have been part of the inscription on the bell (but that
is doubtful).
Campana de se.
Dum nova cum Czechis componunt pacta Poloni,
Campanae nomen sum quoque nacta novum annus
CiESARE rVDoLpho CzeChIo IVrante poLono : 1 — *a
eXeo pro pVbLICa DenVo fVsa stIpe J "" I5*9
Aliter
annVs agIt fVrIens fer DeVs aVXILIVM. = 1589
1 Vadum-altum=Hohenfart in Bohemia.
* This hexameter line is a cabala. The key to the figures represented by the letters can
be seen at p. 41 of Chronograms^ and at p. 353, ante.
568 BOHEMIAN ARTISTS.
Friedrich Michael, a celebrated bell-founder at Prag. He put
up a fine bell at the church of St. Kastutus in 1689, bearing this
date—
profer qVInqVe qVater, neC non seMeL Vna notetVr ) 6g
IVnII, et est annI trIstIs ab Igne DIes. J 9
Elias Miiller, a copperplate engraver at Prag. A picture by
him of fourteen saints bore this date —
IstI sVnt qVatVorDeCIM aVXILIatores patronI nostrI,
qVI pIIs sVffragIIs honorantVr. = 1707
One representing Saint Joseph was thus inscribed —
DIVO IOSEPHO PATRlARCHiB DeDICaTA, =s 1709
AB ADDICTO RHETORIC* STVDIO PRAGENSl. = 1709
Reiner. Under this name, at page 553 of vol. ii., a work is men-
tioned with a very long title, commencing thus —
DesIgnatIo IConographICa oberLeVtensDorfenses pannarIas
offICInas WLg6 fabrICas penICILLI arbItrIo REPRiE-
sentans, etc. etc. = 1728
J. Anton Schlachter, a fresco painter at Prag. An engraved
copy of one of his works was thus inscribed —
ASTRA VoCANT, TE TERRA PETIT, CERTATVR HONORE, \
astra tIbI LaVros, nos pIa Vota DaMVs. j ~" x'79
nostra tIbI sVppLeX VetVs Vrbs bIs qVInqVe peraCtIs )
LVstrIs DeVotI strVXIt aMorIs opVs. J ~" I7'9
Heinrich Genomatsky, a bell-founder at Schlan. He put up
a bell there with this date, part of some inscribed verses —
pensILIs ILLo anno toLLebar In aera MoLes ) 6
qVo pestIs patrIIs CessIt aCerba foCIs. j ~" l *4
Johann Rudolf Sporck is mentioned at p. 427 ante, as having
been an artist and author of a very remarkable chronogrammatic
work. A list of his artistic works is given by Dlabacz in the biogra-
phical Lexicon now being quoted; No. 21, a portrait by him of
Mathias Leineck, was thus inscribed —
M0D0 CeCo paX LIbet. s= 1761
Ista LeX paCe Cantata Deo Manet. = 1761
M0D0 hoC perfeCto eX LIttera patet. = 1761
Another work by him was thus inscribed —
per Istas pagInas seMper fIDeLIs CapItVLI pragensIs
effIgIes tIbI eXhIbetVr. = 1732
.
In the library of the Rev. Walter Begley, 'Melissi Schedias-
matum reliquiae.' (Extemporaneous poems ? by Melissus.) The
introductory verses are signed in a singular printed flourish making
the author's name. Chronogram verses occur at page 23 printed in
plain letters, the date letters not in any way to be distinguished from
others ; the verses are addressed to the Venetians on their victory
over the Turks at Lepanto, on 7th October 1571. (Here, on the next
page, printed as an ordinary chronogram) —
4c
1626
VARIOUS CHRONOGRAMS. 569
THE foundation-stone of a castle in the province of Hesse was
thus inscribed, according to the vol. for 185 1 of c Archiv fur
Hessische Gescheiten,' Darmstadt, p. 411 —
DIe VICtorInI qVI erat ) _
25. Mens. febrVar. st. VeterIs. j ""
i.e. On the day of Saint Victorinus, which was the 25M of the month
February, old style.
Observe that the words of the second line are abbreviated to suit
the year date. There were two saints Victorinus; one flourished
in the year 290, and died a martyr probably in 304, his day is 2d
November; the other and his six companions, citizens of Corinth,
were all put to death with horrible cruelties, according to the
adopted traditions, on 25th February, a.d. 284.
At Breslau, from 'Nova literaria Germanise/ vol. for 1709,
P- 3°5- J0*111 Christopher de Tarnau, a senator, died 5th April 1708.
'Anno millesimo septingentesimo octavo, die 5 Aprilis 1708, dominus
de Tarnau obit, religiosus senator, vos cives lugete eum,' or according
to his epitaph —
taVsenD sIebenhVnDert aChte, Den fVnften aprILa
stIrbt herr Von tarnaV, eIn geVVIssenhaffer rathherr, r _
Ihr bVrger beWeInt Ihn:— quo justior alter, Nee j I?
pietate fuit, patriae nee major amicus. /
In a volume of German tracts in the Bodleian Library (press-
mark Diss. K. 212.), one on the subject of the emperor and contro-
versial theology (at page marked 639) is dated — Anno, o pII In
toto orbe, Date sVa C^sarI, et Deo qVje sVnt DeI. = 1620
In another similar volume (Diss. 195.), 'Historia vitas Georgii
Spalatini,' a theologian of Saxony, by Christian Schleigel : Jena,
1693, with portrait. At page 177 is the following notice of his
death — Josephus k Pinu ejus emortualem hoc inclusit eteosticho.
sVstInet haC reqVIeM spaLatInVs Corpore terra ) =
nesCIVs eXtIngVI spIrItVs astra CoLIt. J 549
S7o VARIOUS CHRONOGRAMS.
fLVCtIVagI tVrCas VenetI straVere DVeLLo; )
nonIs oCtobrIs LVX qVIa DeXtra faVet. j " I571
And these verses, on page 24, contain the same date —
VICtor aqVIs henetVs prostat ; ferVs oCCVbVIt thraX j I
Vt LVX oCtobrIs septIMa Lata VenIt ! f ~ I571
In volume 2, pp. 353, 359, of ' Der Niirnbergischen Muntz-Belus-
tigung,' by G. A. Will, 1766, it is related that the Franciscan monastery
at Nuremberg was burnt more than once, and on one occasion, in
167 1, the fire was caused by some carelessness in the use of tobacco ;
it is likely enough to have been the immediate or approximate cause of
the catastrophe thus elegantly alluded to—
an fVIt In fatIs, aDes antIqVa, tabaCI ) _ 6
Vt te foetentIs sterneret herba MaLa? j x '*
i.e. Was it a fatality, O ancient house, that the evil herb of stinking
tobacco should overthrow thee f
1 met with a book at Frankfurt thus dated —
o pII In toto orbe, Date sVa GssarI et I A
Deo qVa sVnt DeI. / = I02°
♦«•»♦
A tract contains the date in the leading words of the title-page,
thus —
Cum Deo I
Disputatio historico-physica, de
CrotaLIstrIa tepIDI teMporIs hospIta. = 1656
A disputation at the University of Leipzig between Johannes
Pretorius and Franciscus Romanus Bruno. There are three copies
in the British Museum, catalogued under * Bruno, F. R.,' and dated
1672 and 1702.
A small tract in the British Museum Library (press-mark 12305.
aaa. 33), 160, pp. 32, contains 12 engraved emblems, with descrip-
tions in German, relating to the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War.
It bears no date besides the chronograms on the title and concluding s
pages. The title is, * Meditationes emblematicae de restaurati pace
Germaniae cum brevi explicatione. Sinnbilder von dem wider-
gebrachten Teutschen Frieden kiirtslich erklart durch Johann Vogel
Anno
CVM DIXerInt; paX non erIt paX, paX erIt.1 = 1649
And on the last page, Niirnberg im Jahr
VVann sIe etWan sagen ; es kan nVn nICht ) _ ^
seyn, WIrD frIeD WerDen. J " ID49
The words of this chronogram seem to have been suggested by
passages in the Bible at Ezekiel xiii. 10, Jeremiah vi. 14, and viii u.
f
VARIOUS CHRONOGRAMS.
1 he following is a curious finish to a book —
Pretium Chronographicum.
eMIte pVbLICJ: DVobVs stVferIs =
neC MInVs VaLeo DVobVs sestertIIs =
DIVenDar Cras DVobVs sesqVI oboLIs. =
It occurs in a work in the Royal Library at Brussels, by Franciscus
Godinus, entitled —
'Cara aLeXanDrI MagnI XenIa
Sive
chronodistichon in strenam Reverendi Domini D. Alexandri Sweveri
. . . per Franciscum Godinum Ludimagistrum Bruxellensem, anno
mdclxxiii.' There are a few chronograms in the body of the work,
which is a collection of short Latin poems, but nothing noteworthy.
S7i
1673
1673
1673
= 1673
1 he following extract was sent to me by Mr. G. Parker of the
Bodleian Library, from a publication, * Qu etoit qu'un Due de Bra-
bant' A la Haye, 1790. Page 14. Le 18 Juin 1789 voici le
chronograph qui paroit a ce sujet —
DeCIMa oCtaVa JUnII senatUs eXpULsUs. =
tIranno repULso DUCe seXto Mense reVIVIsCIt senatUs.=
It is mentioned in a German work, among some otherwise unim-
portant remarks on chronograms, that in the author's university
(Altdorf ?), there is a manuscript of the Vulgate having the following
hexameter verse, ' which gives the date when the ms. was finished and
collated/ It is not written as a chronogram, nor is it certain that it
was intended for one, but by writing it as such the date 12 10 is clearly
given —
fInIto LIbro reDDatVr gLorIa ChrIsto.
If this was written contemporaneously with that date, it is the
earliest Latin chronogram that I am acquainted with. That, how-
ever, is questionable.
In the same work I find a curious form of chronogram, where the
first line of a distich on a marriage gives a certain number, from
which the product of the second line must be subtracted to find the
intended date, 1606 —
septIMa LVX IanI raDIos DIspergIt In orbeM =
CVM neCtIt sponsVs CopVLa sanCta probos. . =
This is the only example I have found of this sort of chronogram.
■I
1789
1789
= 1210
3072
1466
1606
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS AND
CHURCH EVENTS.
I HE earlier pages, 88 to 103, of the present volume are
devoted to the notice of some of the Flemish bishops.
Since those pages were printed, I have obtained from a
German bookseller seven other rare tracts on the same
subject In 'this chapter I offer a description of them,
with copious extracts from their chronograms.
The first tract is a congratulation to Henry Gabriel van Gameren,
sixteenth bishop of Antwerp, on his arrival there. No date is men-
tioned. It bears this title — ' Illustrissimo ac reverendissimo domino
D. Henrico Gabrieli van Gameren xvi. Antverpiensium episcopo in
solemni ad cathedram suam adventu, dramatic^ aggratulatur
Gymnasium Augustino-Antverpiense.' A portrait of him faces the
title-page -,1 I give the accompanying facsimile copy of it, as an
example of the application of a chronogrammatic inscription in hexa-
meter and pentameter verse, which reads as follows —
VIr VIrtUte DeI,* fULgens VIrtUtIs IMago,
henrICUs prjEsUL VIVUs In effIgIe.
Ut VIrtUte Deo VIg^eas, antVerpIa, sponsUs
VIrtUte eX aLto LUCet IMago tUI.
MaJestas pIetasqUe VIgent VIrtUtIs In Una
seDe: pIIs LUX est, qUI VIr apostoLICUs.
saCra eVangeLII LUCens fLagransqUe LUCerna,
qUI LUX eXeMpLIs, fULget et eLoqUIIs.
qUI pUra popULUM sUb reLLIgIone tUetUr,
qUo tUtore DeI greX sIne Labe VIget.
pasCIt oVes ChrIstI, VerbIs qUI bIbLIa saCrIs
eXpLICat: Ut LUX, sIC forMa, saLUsqUe gregIs.
* Gabriel : Vir Dei.
}-
}-
}-
}-
}-
1766
1766
1766
1766
1766
1766
1 The chronogram date of this portrait leads to the inference that it was engraved seven
years after the event commemorated in the tract Observe the explanation of Gabriel =
Vir Deiy the leading words of the verses ; and the recurring play on the first word.
-^JlI
u.-;
.yttm*
VIrtUtx »X aLto UUCet Majjo xUI.
I MaI»;tju rI^TAJa^E^lGxi^'rYfcrUTlr3xXA4JL
jxD*: rll/ LVX BJTpClVI VI* apojtoLICTJ^
qIJI pO^a kxfUIJLM jUb reLLIgIonk tUmUr,
xa^CIx dUitj CHx2>Ti;VkKBlr &JI visiles aCxLt
I
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS. 573
A fine engraving of his armorial shield, surmounted by a cardinal's
hat with ten tassels, is on the back of the title-page, and dated
1759-
The address to him in heroic metre is spoken by the pastoral
characters Menalcas, Alexis, Condon, and Tityrus (supposed members
of the Gymnasium), commencing thus —
ILLUstrIssIMo PRiEsULI ]
sUbseqUentIa DetULIt >= 1759
JUVentUs aUgUstInIana. j
she
CarMInIs eLUCIDatIo. = 1759
The verses and the address then follow. At page 6 the metre
changes, and the verses are thus introduced —
CantILena 1
neo-antIstIteM aDesse, nUnCIat. J 759
The pastoral characters then resume their address in heroic verse.
At page 16 the metre again changes, and the verses are thus intro-
duced, ' Illustrissimo . . . Henrico Gabrieli van Gameren,
fIDeLI DoCtorI, faCUnDo professorI, = 1759
Asclepiadaeo carmine accinit
Tityrus.'
The verses conclude with this couplet —
DoCtrIna eXCeLLens LaUDatUr Ut aLter aqUInas ) =
estqUe saCro PRiEsUL tULLIUs eLoqUIo. J I'*9
At page 18 the sapphic metre is adopted in some verses, thus
introduced, ' Illustrissimo . . . Henrico Gabrieli van Gameren,
fIDeLI CoLLegIorUM prjEposIto = 1759
Versu Sapphico congaudet
Alexis.'
The verses conclude with this couplet —
qUI reXIt nUper JUsteqUe, pIeqUe paL«stras, )
VIrtUte ^qUaLI DIrIget ILLe gregeM. j i7S9
At page 20 the metre again changes, and the verses are thus in-
troduced, ' Illustrissimo . . . Henrico Gabrieli van Gameren,
fIDeLI reCtorI, bonorUM proteCtorI = 1759
Ode Horatiana applaudit
Coridon.'
The verses conclude with this couplet —
qUI tULIt a grUDIa pUgnas, IrasqUe JUVenta, J
hIC orIs poterIt VI reMoVere LUpos. J x'59
At page 22 the metre changes, and verses of an unusual Leonine
\
574 SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS.
kind are thus introduced, ' Illustrissimo . . . Henrico Gabrieli van
Gameren,
fIDeLIssIMo nUnC epIsCopo = 1759
inusitato versus leonini genere aggratulatur
Menalcas.'
The verses conclude with this couplet —
VI Ve DIU feLIX; hIC s^CULa pLUra gUbernas, 1
aC fIDeI In CoeLIs sUsCIpe serta tILe. J ~ I759
At page 24 the tract is brought to a conclusion in heroic verse,
thus introduced, by the genius of the college, and ended by a
separate couplet —
fIDeLI PRiEsULI
AC
STUDIOSO REIpUbLIC*: LlTERARliE FaUtORI }*= 1759
pLUres gratIas eXsoLVIt
CoLLegII genIUs.
eXILes, prjEsUL, DIgnanter sUsCIpe VersUs, ) _
qUI tIbI perpetUI pIgnUs aMorIs erUnt. J I759
}■
1759
THE second tract is a congratulation to the same Bishop
Gameren, by the College of the Jesuits at Antwerp. The title-
page is in the same words nearly as the former one, and is dated
1759. On the back thereof the armorial shield and cardinal's hat are
represented by a different engraving. The address to him in heroic
metre is thus introduced —
henrICo
epIsCopo ConseCrato
aCCLaMans
soCIetas JesU.
Sixteen pages of verse then follow, at the conclusion of which
there are six engravings of pastoral emblems in frames of bold design.
They are preceded by an engraved title, showing the bishop's
armorial shield, and his crest a faithful dog, with a crown on his
head, the motto fidelitas coronatur, and these chronograms —
gaMerana fIDeLItas )_
poetICe ILLUstrata. j "~ l**9
CanIt hUnC InsIgne fIDeLeM. = 1759
Each emblem occupies a page, the headlines of which are in
chronogram, intended to be read consecutively along as referring to
the bishop. At the same time they bear some allusion to the emblem
which follows. The absence of the emblems from my pages deprives
the chronogrammatic verses and their mottoes of the somewhat need-
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS.
575
ful explanations which they afford. (Each page consists of the head-
line, the emblem, the motto, and the verses, in regular order and
in chronogram ; the dog personifies the bishop.)
i. henrICo Van gaMeren epIsCopo fIDeLL = 1759
(Emblem, a dog watching a flock of sheep.)
nIhIL hoC CUstoDe tIMebIt.
hoC Cane greX fIDo si nIL CUstoDe VeretUr,
neC Cane tUta LUpos ULLa VeretUr oVIs;
tUqUe noVo VIVens JaM prasULe tUta fIDeLI
nIL anVersa tIbI, nIL Vereare tUIs.
2. Ver« eCCLesLe patrI fIrMe aDh^erentI.
(Emblem, a shepherd and his dog, with the flock.)
DUCI ILLE FlDELIS ADHiERET.
ADSTAT UT USQUE CANls PASTORl fIDUs ADHiERENS,
seCUrUsqUe sUas rIte tUetUr oVes;
TU QUOQUE, ROMULEO PATRl QUI PRjESUL ADHiERES,
seCUrUs tUtas rIte tUerIs oVes.
3. HiEREsIM a CatheDra VIgILanter arCentI.
(Emblem, the dog driving wolves from the homestead.)
hosteM VIgIL arCet et InDe repeLLIt.
hIC CanIs hIC VIgILat noCtUqUe DIUqUe LatranDo
arCet et a stabULIs InseqUItUrqUe LUpos :
sIC qUoqUe tU VIgILans proCUL, ILLUstrIssIMe
PRjESUL
ileRetICos arCes InseqUerIsqUe LUpos.
4. a VIa DeCLInanteM InCrepantI.
(Emblem, the dog driving straying sheep into the flock.)
SiEVlT hIC In DeCLInanteM.
CeU CanIs hIC CUrrIt DeCLInantesqUe reqUIrIt
sjeVIt et In Lentas CeU fUrIbUnDUs oVes;
sIC qUoqUe DUCIt oVes, DeCLInantesqUe reqUIrIt
prjesUL hIC et CaUtas CUrat InIre VIas.
5. aMIssos feLICIter reDUCentI.
(Emblem, the dog drives lost sheep towards the flock.)
retrahIt CogItqUe reDIre reLICtaM.
si qUa VagatUr oVIs, qUjerIt CanIs Iste VaganteM
aC trahIt eX antrIs atqUe reDIre JUbet.
tU parIter DIVo, pr^sUL, qUoqUe reDDIs oVILI,
HjERbtICos Inter si qUa VagatUr oVIs.
6. henrICI antIstItIs fIDeLItatI MItra Coronate. =
(Emblem, the dog stands in a peaceful landscape wearing his crown.)
JUstI MerCes ConDIgna LaborIs. =
prjeMIa JUsta sIbI retULIt CanIs Iste fIDeLIs,
eXposIto IntentUs qUI fUIt UsqUe gregI :
QUiEQUE tIbI hIC, PRiEsUL, DatUr InfULa saCra fIDeLI
eXIstet CUrIs, pULChra Corona tUIs.
1759
1759
1759
*759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
'759
1759
1759
1759
1759
1759
= 1759
= '759
57*
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS.
The tract concludes with an epitome of an 'Applaususconvivalis,'
a kind of emblematical scenic accompaniment recited by certain
pastoral characters personated by members of the college, whose
names are given. There are no more chronograms.
THE third tract consists of 28 pages, and describes a public festival
at Antwerp, on the arrival, on 9th September 1776, of Jacobus
Thomas Josephus Wellens, the seventeenth bishop of that see, when
the streets were decorated with structures, emblems, and inscriptions,
and a grand procession took place. The whole is described in the
Flemish language, and the inscriptions are partly in that language and
* partly in Latin, a few being also in French. They were mostly in
chronogram, 320 of them being so. Although so numerous, they are
not generally interesting or remarkable. A few extracts will suffice
to represent this multitudinous assemblage. The title-page is, —
4 Verzamelinge der bezonderste chronica, inscriptien, zinnebeelden,
veerssen en andere, tot Antwerpen gezien den 9 van September en de
volgende dagen van't Jaer 1776, ter gelegentheyd van den plegtigen
intrude van syne doorlugtigste hoogweirdigheyd myn-heere, myn-
heere Jacobus Thomas Josephus Wellens xvn. bisschop van
Antwerpen.' These inscriptions were seen at various places in the
streets (the letter W counts 10, and Y=2).
VerWIL'CoMD WeLLens. =
CUnCtorUM VotIs postULatUs aDest. =
AVlTiE faMILLe CIVItatIsqVe DeCUs. =
MaeCkt VreUgD, VoLCk, In antWerpen. =
WIL'CoM aU geWensChten herDer. =
CceLUM Ver£ eXaUDIt preCes. =
MonseIgneUr WeLLens Le VerItabLe obJet De La JoYe. =
CLaMant hILarIter CUnCtI : tU gLorIa, tU LjEtItIa 1
aC beLgII honorIfICentIa. J
VIro InsIgnI appLaUDIMUs CUnCtI. =
CorDIaLI pIetatIs aMore eXUrgIte CIVes. =
IosephUs WeLLens, anVersje PRiEsUL, paCeM aDfert. =
IaCobUs prjEsUL, sapIentI,*: Dote ILLUstrIssIMUs. =
hILarI anIMo prjEsULI CongratULantUr sUbDItI. =
hICVIr,hIC est,spLenDens VIrtUs qUeM LaUDeCoronat,
et MerItIs InsIgne sUIs CapUt InVehIt astrIs.1
IaCobo WeLLens, DIgnIssIMo antVerpLe PRiEsULI.
CUnCtI eXULteMUs Deo !
trIUMphanDo WeLLens LiETA reCreatUr Urbs.
i=
1776
1776
1776
1776
[776
1776
1776
1776
1776
1776
1776
1776
1776
3552
1776
1776
1776
These two lines make 3552, i.e. twice 1776,
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS. 577
1-
Dat WeLLens LeVe bIssChop Van Deze staD,1
hIer nU Lang VerWaCht, }>= 3552
Met VreUoD betraCht.
MonseIgneUr soYez bIen VenU Dans Cette pLaIsante VILLe= 1776
antVerpIa fIt feLIX, MUnIta pontIfICe DoCto. = 1776
VIrtUte VItm PRiEVIA eCCLesIaM DIrIget. = 1776
WeLLens nUnC MItrA peDoqUe fULget. = 1776
aD saLUtIs pasCUa sUas DeDUCet oVes. = 1776
IaCobo THoMiE Iosepho WeLLens noVo PRffisULI Ingre-
DIentL ax 1776
pLaUDIte In IntroItU ILLUstrIssIMI epIsCopI nostrI ! = 1776
nobILI IaCobo THoMiE pr^sULI In soLennI sUo aD VentU. = 1776
pLaUsUs hILares qUjeqUe DoMUs CeLebret. = 1776
VI Vat DIU nobIs IaCobUs thoMas IosephUs WeLLens ) = ^
antVerpIanUs, antIstes antVerpIensIs XVII. J 77
sUIs oMne DeCUs, et honorIfICentIa popULI sUL = 1776
epIsCopI aD VentU L^tItIA oMnes affICIUntUr. = 1776
IaCobUs WeLLens sapIbntLb Dono prIMUs phILosophLe : = 1776
InsIgnIs, Ut aLter nostrI teMporIs aUgUstInUs, DoCtor
SPlCrM = 1776
theoLogL*: prUDens UnIVersItatIs reCtor MagnIfICUs := 1776
DeI gratIA fIt PRiEsUL antVerpIensIs, oCtaVo septeMbrIs
saCratUs = 1776
MeChLInI* : seqUentI DIe Intrat, patrLe reCtUrUs oVes.= 1776
sIt VoX Una : VIVat WeLLens, > _„,
VIVat DIgnUs epIsCopUs In ^eVUM ! J ~ I77°
k CorDe gratULaMUr antIstItI, \ = ,
patrI, fratrIqUe UnICo. J 77
spLenDor sUorUM WeLLenIUs senesCat ! = 1776
Dat WeLLens Lang Le£Ve De gLorIe Der antWerpenaeren!= 1776
Great sameness prevails throughout the chronogrammatic inscrip-
tions ; the public joy on the occasion, the praise of the bishop, and of
his qualifications and learning, are their constant theme. The tract
is roughly but accurately printed.
'HT^HE fourth tract relates to Carolus de Spinosa, on his inaugura-
X tion in 1728 as the twelfth Bishop of Antwerp; he is men-
tioned at page 96 ante, and should be more correctly described there
as Suffragan in the Archbishopric of Mechlin. This tract consists of
28 pages 40, and bears this title : — ( Illustrissimo ac reverendissimo
1 These three lines make 3552, i.e. twice 1776.
4D
S7» SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS.
domino D. Carolo de Spinosa ordinis FF. Minorum Capucinorum ex
Tricalensium, nunc duodecimo Antverpiensium episcopo, cum primum
in cathedram suam solemniter induceretur, applaudebat Gymnasium
Literarium S. P. Augustini Antverpiae. Anno mdccxxvih. It com-
mences with a laudatory poem, which at p. 6 concludes with 'Ode
Musica ' in four stanzas, and —
Tripudium chronicon
faUstUs aDes PRiEsUL, CanIMUs ) = g
tIbI grata LUbrnter. j '
At page 1 1 a second part commences, bearing this title, ( Accla-
matio emblematica alludens ad arma gentilitia illustrissimi . . . D.
Caroli de Spinosa, duodecimi Antverpiensium episcopi.' The fronti-
spiece to the tract is a finely engraved representation of his armorial
shield, surmounted by a cardinal's hat with ten tassels ; the motto is,
4 arce lupos.' The armorial devices are the «ame as those described
at p. 96 antey but the engraving is different ; they consist of thorn
trees (' spinosa'), lilies, and wolves.
A series of twelve engraved emblems commences at page 12, each
with Latin epigrammatic verses and a chronogram having some
figurative allusion to the armorial devices ; a text from the Vulgate
Bible precedes each, thus —
Emblema I. Lilium inter spinas. Canticles il 2. The
engraving is a lily growing among thorns —
tUtIUs InDe saLUs CUM res spInosa resULtat. = 1728
Emblema IL Ex omnibus floribus orbis elegistl Lilium
unum. 4 Esdras v. 24. The engraving represents a garden in which
lilies are conspicuous, the bees are seen to forsake other flowers and
choose them. The chronogram is allusive to the Emperor Charles vi.
and the bishop Charles —
PRiE CETERIS C^LO, ET aUgUstIssIMO ) _ «
CaroLo seXto pLaCet CaroLUs. J '
Emblema III. Unguebant oleo multos segros, et sanabant
Mark vi. 13. The engraving represents an angel administering
medicine composed of lily to a person who is said to be suffering
from the 'stone' ; this allusion to the bishop is obscurely figurative —
CaroLUs aMorIs oLeo InDUratIs aUferet noXas, = 1728
Emblema IV. Venenum aspidum insanabile. Deut. xxxii. 33.
The engraving represents two young angels preparing a remedy
against snake poison, from lilies —
peCCatI VenenUM De spInosa eXtIngUet. = 1728
Emblema V. Introibunt in speluncas petrarum. Isaiah ii. 18.
The engraving represents sheep in safe refuge on the sacred Mount
Olympus, against the surrounding wolves —
Dente noCere oVIbUs non VaLet ) ft
LUpUs, pr^sIDe De spInosa. ("" I72*
1
i
SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS 579
Emblema VI. Lupus ad vesperam vastavit eos. Jeremiah v. 6.
The engraving represents wolves prowling about for their prey at
night —
noVUs pilesUL, noVas, si sInt, perDe ) g
ILfiRETlCORUM LATEBRAS. J '
Emblema VII. Intrabunt lupi rapaces, non parcentes gregi, . . .
propter quod vigilate. Acts xx. 29, 31. The engraving represents
the watchful shepherd and his flock —
ne LethaLe DocMa eXUrgat, ) Q
VIgILabIt prjesUL. / - I?2*
Emblema VIII. Festinavit in dolo pes meus. Job xxxi. 5.
The engraving represents huntsmen tracking the footsteps of the
wolves in the snow —
Ut nIX proDIt LUpos, Ita CaroLI ) g
IntegrItas proDet InfIDos. j *'
Emblema IX. Bonus pastor animam suam dat pro ovibus suis.
John x. 14, 15. The engraving represents the shepherd attacking a
wolf which had endangered his flock —
pro oVIbUs VItaM DabIt CaroLUs prjEsUL. = 1728
Emblema X. Tollebat arietem de medio gregis . . . erue-
bamque de ore eorum. 1 Kings xviL 34. The engraving represents
the shepherd seizing a wolf and rescuing from his grasp a lamb taken
from the flock —
fIDUs ab ore LUpI serVabIt CaroLUs agnUM. = 1728
Emblema XI. Salvum fecit a pusillanimitate spiritfls, et tern-
pestate. Psalm liv. 9. The engraving represents a ship safe from
the concealed dangers of the sea, guided by the Pole-star, that star
being typical of the bishop —
CaroLUs prjEsUL fIDe aMbIgUo sUbVenIet. = 1728
Emblema XII. Orietur in tenebris lux tua. Isaiah lviiL 10.
The engraving represents the ship approaching the wished-for port at
night, under the same guidance —
aD portUM CaroLUs LUX erIt In tenebrIs. = 1728
Then follows an anagrammatic gratulation to the bishop. It con-
sists of a series of anagrams on his name, de spinosa, etc., which
stand at the head respectively of a series of emblematical verses, each
of which is concluded by an allusive chronogram thus (it is needless
to transcribe the verses, etc.) —
VoLUntarIa paUpertas DItaVIt CaroLUM. = 1728
CaroLUs De spInosa spInas, et trIbULos DeVoratUrUs
aDest. = 1728
antIstes CaroLUs MansUetUDIne poLo UnItUs, = 1728
eX gratUIto peCCatorIbUs MeDebItUr. = 1728
CbLeste DonUM, prjBsUL eXpetIVIstI. = 1728
De spInosa prasUL aVIas aD oVILe reDUCet oVes. == 1728
DIU pasCas, pr^sUL, In qUIete popULUM. = 1728
}■
580 SOME MORE FLEMISH BISHOPS.
A finishing poem concludes with this ( Tripudium ' —
( Chrono-metra.,
panDIMUs eXILes antIstes CaroLe, VersUs, = 1728
tUos, freCor, assUMas, VenIUnt hI CorDe faVentI. = 1728
' Chronicon.'
Metra Data aCCeptet eX Voto 1 _ 72g
aUgUstInIano antIstes. J '
THE fifth tract in my possession consists of an address to Dominic
de Gentis, the fifteenth bishop of Antwerp, on his inauguration
in 1749, 40, pp. 20. It bears this title, 'Illustrissimoac reverendissimo
Domino D. Dominico de Gentis ex sacro prsedicatorum ordine decimo
quinto Antverpiensium episcopo, cum primhm in cathedram suam
solenniter introduceretur, applaudebat Gymnasium literarium, M. P.
Augustini Antverpiense, mdccxlix.' A prose address concludes at
page 6 with this chronogram —
DoMInICo gentIs
antIstItI eXoptato , _ _„..
preCatUr [~ 749
aUgUstInIana JUVentUs.
Then follows a poetical lament on the death of the preceding
bishop Herzelius (William de Herzelles), and praising the appoint-
ment of the new bishop, with * Musica,' and € Rhythmus ' ; followed
by a poetical * Apostrophe ' to the Empress Maria Theresia, sung by
the Virgilian characters Tityrus, Corydon, Meliboeus, Alexis, and
Amyntas, which is brought to a conclusion by this ' chronicon ' —
IMperatrIX paCIfICa, DUX benIgna; )
prospeXIt In gentIs gentI sILe. J 749
An apostrophe to the then reigning pope, Benedict xiv., next
follows, concluding with this ' chronicon ' —
beneDICtUs roManUs pontIfeX |
aUstrIaCIs VotIs, Utpote sIbI gratIs, >= 1*749
annUIt. )
The applause is continued in similar form of c musica,9 and recited
by Amyntas and his companions, addressed to the new bishop, con-
cluding at page 19 with this ' chronicon ' (the last words in the tract) —
DoMInICUs gentIs noVUs ]
epIsCopUs antVerpIensIs sUIs >s= 1749
sIne spIna et UngUe. j
THE sixth tract, consisting of 16 pages 4°, is a gratulation on the
inauguration of Macarius Simeomo, abbot of St. Michael's
Church at Antwerp in 1663. The title is, ' Fausta gratulatio in solemni
inauguratione Reverendi . . . Macarii Simeomo s. t. l. Abbatis cele-
SOME FLEMISH CHURCH EVENTS
58i
bererrimse ecclesise sancti Michaelis Antverpise sacri et canonici
ordinis Premonstratensis viiL Aprilis mdclxiil Per Fratres Novitios
predicts ecclesise.' The subject is expressed in Latin verse of varied
metre, commencing thus —
benIgna MaCarIo InsIgnI pilgsIDI gratVLatIo. = 1663
The poetry which follows leads to this
Chronica
CVstoDIt VIgILans gregeM1 = 1663
Carmen Chronographicum.
Custodem *ultisne Sacrum p ^^5^3 Omnes
^octrin& *nsignis, ^utamque ^iam *nclyte **alle*
*ngenuis ^argiri ^rdes : **e ^tyx **enerosum
^ideat, ^-xpugnetque ^regem, ^-vigilare ^emento.
peperIt VeneranDa sCIentIa prsLatVraM = 1663
fortIs, Vt Mors DILeCtIo tVa. Cant viii. 6. = 1663
e fortI egreDIetVr DVLCeDo nobIs. Jud. xiv. 14. = 1663
qVasI soL refVLget In teMpLo DeI. Ecclus. 1. 7. = 1663
DILIget sVos MaCarIVs. = 1663
InfVLA saCrA MerIt5 DIgnVs. = 1663
VIgILans CapIas peDVM; = 1663
DoCtrInA, pIetateqVe spLenDIDVs. = 1663
bbatVs In terrIs, sis tanDeM CceLo beatVs: = 1663
gaLLI VIgILantIaM In benIgnItate ostenDIs = 1663
DoCtrIna, pIetateqVe obtInes pr^LatVraM; = 1663
pr^LatVrA CERTfe DIgnIssIMVs. as 1663
MaCarIo benIgno abbatI appLaVDVnt. = 1663
InsIgnIsne tIbI retVLIt DoCtrIna tIaraM? = 1663
oMnIn6 retVLIt: tV pIa Dona Cape. = 1663
proposIto InsIgnI ManIbVs Date LILIa pLenIs. = 1663
iEneidos vi. 883.
pro MerIto DetVr InfVLa saCra jatrI. = 1663
The following chronograms occur in connection with the poems
addressed to the abbot Macarius — .
DefICIMVs eLoqVIo = 1663
In Veras MaCarII LaVDes. = 1663
InsIgnIs DoCtrIna peperIt tIbI , InfVLaM. = 1663
feLIX MaCarIo DIes = 1663
qV* InfVLaM Dat CapItI. = 1663
abbatIaLIs DIgnItas MaCarIo IVre obtIgIt. = 1663
Leo MItIs CVstoDIt oVes = 1663
1 The letters of these words are the initial letters of the words which compose the four
curiously arranged hexameters which next follow.
* The abbot was probably a Frenchman ; he is called here ' inclyte Galle ; ' the word
4 gallus,' a cock, alludes to his watchfulness, and explains the words * evigilare memento' in the
fourth line. There are many similar allusions throughout the poetry, and lower down in
the chronogram.
582 SOME FLEMISH CHURCH EVENTS.
In MaCarIo Vestra Latet beatItVDo = 1663
LeonI DIgno gregIs DefensorI DICant noVItII. = 1663
MaCarIVs beDIet V, saLIgh. = 1663
Vt Leo, DoCtrIna fortIssIMVs. = 1663
THE seventh tract, consisting of 48 pages 40, describes a jubilee
held at the church of St Saviour at Antwerp, in honour of
thirty-six saints whose relics are preserved there. The title is,
1 Verkondinge van het hondert-jaerig jubile* aengaende de lofweerdige
instellinge van 't vermaert Broederschap der xxxvi uytmuntende Hey-
ligen, welckers geapprobeerde reliquien rusten, en geeert worden in de
kerke der abdye van S. Salvator, tot Antwerpen.' No date is mentioned,
but the chronograms give 4th August 1771. The narrative is in the
Flemish language. The chronograms, 58 in number, are all in Latin ;
they were inscribed among the statues and other decorations at and
in the church. There were numerous other inscriptions in Latin verse,
which are translated into Flemish verse.
On Pope Clement the Tenth, in gold letters —
CLeMens X hUJUs ConfraternItatIs ) ( 167 1
InstItUtor InDULgentIarUM Dator. J ~" 334* | 1671
sanCtorUM LaUDes eXtoLLIte. = 1771
LUstrIs abhInC VIgIntI InsIgnIs sanCtorUM
XXXVI InstItUta ConfraternItas, qUorUM
reLIqUI* In sanCtI saLVatorIs eCCLesIA .
spLenDore aC DeVotIone VeneratIonI ' 53 13
pUbLICa eXponUntUr, qUartA
aUgUstI UnanIMI JUbILat pIetate.
On the organ in the church —
aDVenIt JUBlLiEl teMpUs: sanCtIfICate. = 177 1
eXULtate In DILeCtIs MIrabILI. = 1771
bUCCInIs tYMpanoqUe JUbILate Deo. = 1771
In ChorDIs, In Canore eXUrgIte aLtIssIMo. = 17 71
IngentIs trIUMphI DIe psaLLIte eXCeLso. = 17 71
The following are the thirty-six saints ; their dates are added from
other authorities : —
On Saint Benedict, abbot, died circa 543 —
sanCto beneDICto InsIgnI sUIs eXeMpLarI. = 1771
On Saint Scholastica, sister of Saint Benedict, abbess, 542 —
DIViE sChoLastICe VanItatIs gaUDIa DetestantL = 1771
On Saint Placidus, martyr, 541 —
sanCto pLaCIDo InsIgnIbUs MerItIs eXornato. = 1771
On Saint Gertrude (there are two of this name in the calendar) —
sanCtjE gertrUDI hUMILItatIs faUtrICI. = 1771
On Saint Ignatius, martyr, 108 —
DIVo IgnatIo De CrUDeLItate VICtorI. = 1771
(1771
\ mi
(1771
SOME FLEMISH CHURCH EVENTS 5*3
On Saint Agatha, martyr, 251 —
DIV« agath^e trIUMphatrICI peCULIarI. as 1 77 1
On Saint Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, died 11 09—
DIVo anseLMo iNVICTiE CURiE antIstItI. = 1 77 1
On Saint Margaret of Cortona, 1297 —
DIViE MARGARETHiE CORTONENSl CCELESTES VI AS InQUIRENTI.= 1 77 1
On Saint Paulinus of Nola, 431 —
DIVo paULIno eLebMosYnIs In paUperes pr^CLaro. = 1771
On Saint Juliana, probably the martyr, end of third century —
sanCt/e JULIana pIetate In DeUM ILLUstrI. = 1771
On Saint Bartholomew, early Christian martyr —
DIVo barthoLoMao smVItIm et neCIs VICtorL = 1771
On Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, 1231 —
DIViE eLIsabethje hUngarIOe Ver^ LIberaLIssIMje. = 1 77 1
On Saint Josaphat, bishop and martyr —
sanCto JosaphatI eXIMIo DesertI CULtorL = 1771
On Saint Thecla, martyr, in first century —
DIViE theCLa pcenIs In oMnIbUs INVICTiE. = 177 1
On Saint Moses, the Ethiopian martyr, fourth century —
sanCto MoYsI DeLICta aUster^: eXpIantI. = 17 71
On Saint Felicitas and her seven sons, martyrs, circa 160 —
DIV*: feLICItatI CUM natIs oVantI. = 177 1
On Saint Blasius, bishop and martyr, 304 —
DIVo bLasIo ConstantIaM In pcenIs eXerCentI. = 1771
On Saint Lutgardis, abbess, 1246 —
sanCta LUtgarDI ChrIstI In aMore VIVentI. = 17 71
On Saint Maurus, abbot, 584 —
DIVo MaUro ContInentIA aC sangUIne nobILI. = 17 71
On Saint Agnes, martyr, 305 —
DIViE agnetI DIgno pUDICItLe speCULo. = 1771
On Saint Augustin of England, 604 —
DIVo aUgUstIno pr^ConI InCoMparabILL = 17 71
On Saint Dorothy, martyr, in the third century —
sanCtje DoROTHEiE MartYrI In ChrIsto eXULantI. = 177 1
On Saint Yvo, confessor, 1353 —
sanCto YVonI affLICtorUM aDJUtorL = 177 1
On Saint Mary of Egypt, ' penitent,' fifth century —
DIViE MarLe iEGYpTlACiE VlTiE pcenItentIA iNCLYTiE. = 1 77 1
On Saint Roch, active helper in the plague, circa 1327 or 1348 —
DIVo roCho pestILentIA LaborantIUM opItULatorL = 177 1
On Saint Elizabeth, queen (of Portugal, 1336 ?) —
SANCTO ELISABETHiE INVICTiE MaNSUetUDInIs REGlNiE. ss 1771
On Saint Adrian, martyr, 290—
sanCto aDrIano nataLIa eXCItatIone trIUMphantI. = 1771
On Saint Cunera, martyr, fifth century —
DIViE CUNERiE VIrgInI LeCtIssIMa. = 177 1
On Saint Giles, abbot, end of seventh century —
sanCto agIDIo Magno abJeCtIs aUXILIo. « 1771
1
584 SOME FLEMISH CHURCH EVENTS.
On Saint Pelagia of Antioch, ' penitent,1 fifth century —
DIViE PELAGliE MIrA pcenItentIA eXCeLLentI. = 1771
On Saint Hyacinthus, confessor, 1257 —
DIVo hYaCIntho Vero MarL« CULtorI. = 177 1
On Saint Christina, martyr, circa 300 —
DIVa ChrIstIn^e MIrabILIbUs EVECTiE. = 177 1
On Saint Alexius, confessor, fourth century —
DIVo aLeXIo CastItate PL.AN& MIrabILI. = 1771
On Saint Cecilia, martyr, 220 —
DIViE G«CILIjE MARTYRlo eXORNATjE. = 1 77 1
On Saint Catharine of Alexandria, 290 —
SANCra CATHARlNiE EXIMIA FORTItUDInE GLORlOSiE. = 1 77 1
On Saint Barbara, martyr, circa 306 —
SANCTiE BARBARiE InVICtA fIDeLItATE EXIMIiE. = 1 77 1
Other Chronograms.
ILLa DIes VenIt: festIVas DICIte LaUDes : = 177 1
eXIMIas DlGNk reLLIqUIas CoLIte. = 1771
eXIMIIs sanCtIs pIa appLaUDe ConfraternItas. = 1771
saCrIs soLeMnItatIbUs JUnCta sInt gaUDIa. = 177 1
eLeCtorUM VIrtUte CongaUDete. = 177 1
MagnIfICentUr Vestra, affLICtI, sUbsIDIa. = 177 1
VereerLYCkt aLtegaeDer DIe WonDerbaere heYLIgen. = 1771
Imprimi potest &>c. . . . Antv. Z. Cens.
1
j
SOME RECENT CHRONOGRAMS IN
ENGLAND.
HE art of chronogram-making has recently been practised
in England, as the following good examples will
testify. This is encouraging ; and we are led to hope
that this method of expressing dates will become as
popular in our time as it was in time past, and be
used in some of the ways which are brought into notice by my
two volumes.
My friend, Mr. Wilshere, of the Frythe, near Welwyn, sends the
following, which have been lately made and used by him : — l
Treble chronogram for a summer-house built for five-o'clock tea
in 1883—
haC In pergVLa hora qVInta, 1 =s 88
teCVM paVLIsper seDere et renoVare LVbet. / ~" 3
Freely rendered —
at fIVe o'CLoCk aLong VVIth Me ) gg
rest here aWhILe anD take yoVr tea. j 3
Reply.
a thoVsanD thanks!
Most VVILLIngLy } = 1883
I'LL TAKE A CVP OR TWO OF fEA.
On a bench in a summer-house facing north-east, built-in 1884 —
When Dog Days brIng theIr VsVaL heat, }
a pLeasant CooL retreat, >= 1884
yoV'LL fInD Vpon thIs seat. j
On a wedding present (alluding to the name of the bridegroom,
and the family motto of the bride), made in 1884 —
Deo IVVante neCnon fortVna CoMItante ) gg
Vere Vestro VIrente feLICes estote. j — x 4
Freely translated, With God's help and good fortune^ may yout spring-
time be happy.
1 See page 5, ante, another chronogram by him, and pp. 7, 8, 37, 68, of my former
book, Chronograms, also the title-pages and colophons of both volumes,
4 E
}■
!
586 CHRONOGRAMS IN ENGLAND.
In a mission-room built in 1884. Inscribed over a cross —
o saLVator,
qVI nos peCCatores , gg
pretIoso tVo sangVIne reDIMIstI, ( "~ 4
propItIVs aspICe nos.
i.e. O Saviour, who hast redeemed us sinners by Thy precious blood,
graciously look on us.
Above a figure of the Good Shepherd, in a chancel added to a
mission chapel in 1884 —
o bone pastor, saLVator MItIs,
stantes robora, reLeVa Lapsos, \-=. 1884
oVes a pasCVIs tVIs aberrantes reDVCe.
i.e. O Good Shepherd, gentle Saviour, strengthen those that stand, raise
again the fallen, bring back the sheep who are wandering from thy
pastures.
On a new wall to an old churchyard, built in 1884 —
DoMIne ne In fVrore tVo1
argVas nos
at tV parCe nobIs peCCatorIbVs
et absolve.
i.e. O Lord, rebuke us not in Thine indignation, but spare Thou us
sinnets, and pardon us.
}■
blood,
to a
I-
raise
i thy
}■
1884
The following were sent to me by the Rev. Ernest Geldart, who
made and used them at his church of Little Braxted, in Essex : —
On the chancel gate (adapted from the Vulgate) —
oCCVpet saLVs oVILIs MVros ) fta
et portas eJVs LaVDatIo. J •" x**4
On a clock placed inside the church at the west end of the nave,
facing the altar ; hence the reference to ' panis viatoribus ' —
Vaga MVnDI gLorIa transIt et InanIs, I ^
eCCe VIatorIbVs IesVs Constat panIs. j "" Itt 4
On the reredos under the east window, of the Annunciation —
nobIs DatVs ChrIste natVs e MarIa VIrgIne, ) _ R8
nos sanastI nos LaVastI a peCCatIs sangVIne. j "" x 4
On the rood beam, under the cross —
LeX eCCe Vera : fVLsIt IesV LVCe : )
reX nVnC peCCata : soLVIt nostra CrVCe : > = 1884
greX repasCatVr: ChrIsto sVo DVCe. )
Versified translation.
Here finds the law in Jestts light true reading,
Now by His Cross our King the pardon needing
Gives, that the flock may on their Chief be feeding.
1 Psalm vL Vulgate Version.
CHRONOGRAMS IN ENGLAND. 587
On the wall faced with stones picked by children to build the
north aisle of Little Braxted church—
LoCI ChrIsto ConDItores
/ere sIne fragILI,
LapIDes hos, ConVeCtores 1 _ ««
posVere parVVLI. r~ I654
CONSTENT ISTl SENlORES
BASl PETRjE stabILI.
Versified translation given to the school children for their
edification —
Here the young ones of the fold,
Christ, for Thee the Lord of grace,
Having none of this world's gold,
Gathered stones to build a place.
Rock of Ages, grant that they
Firm on Thee may stand for aye.
The writer of the foregoing five chronograms wrote also this one
on the tower of Stanford-le-Hope church, Essex, which had fallen
down and cracked the bells. The tower was rebuilt in 1883, and
inscribed thus —
eCCe tVrrIs oLIM strata, )
Deo, rVrsVs eXornata, >= 1883
resonantI VoCe grata. )
It was thought desirable that the understanding of the parishioners
of this almost isolated parish should be helped by a translation and a
legible date. The following was prepared by the writer of the
chronogram, and inscribed on another side of the tower —
This tower once down, to God again
Rebuilded, rings with pleasing strain.
1883.
Another notice of the chronogram, with a translation, is given at
page 3 of this volume.
A clergyman wrote some tracts on the much controverted question
of ' marriage with a deceased wife's sister/ The profits accruing
to him therefrom were expended on the building of a fernery ; where-
upon Mr. Geldart, the author of the foregoing chronograms, wrote
this one to be inscribed on his friend's structure —
o SOROR
VIDUI hoDIe, ConJUgIsVe herI
eXpUgnata styLoqUe InterfeCta i ftft
reVIVesCens ephIaLtes CLerI r— I654
herbIs eXorna fILICIbUsqUe teCta
O SOROR.
5«8
CHRONOGRAMS IN ENGLAND.
i.e. O Sister! Wluther of the husband yesterday \ or of the widower
to-day {sister stilt), banished and killed indeed so far aspen could do it;
— since you have cropped up again to be a bugbear to the clergy », at least
be useful, and ornament a cleric's home with plants and ferns.
Another writer, also a friend of the ' clergyman,' wrote a chrono-
gram to be placed on the solid wall of the structure, as follows —
My Late VVIfe's sIster bVILt thIs VVaLL
bVt I In trVth
neVer VVeD any VVIfe at aLL, ]►= 1884
nor Wont forsooth,
saIth J. e. V.
It must be explained that the ' clergyman ' mentioned, the writer
of the tracts, the builder of the fernery (whose initials are J. E. V.),
has never been married; hence the paradoxical treatment of the
subject
NOTES ON BOOKS NOT ACCESSIBLE.
i N the pursuit of this varied subject, which is now draw-
ing towards its close, I have become acquainted with
the titles of books more or less abounding with chrono-
grams, but which I have been unable to find in any
library, either at home or abroad, whereto I have had
access. It is fit, however, that even this limited knowledge of them
should not be lost ; the opportunity may hereafter occur to some one
interested in the research for placing on record some further par-
ticulars concerning them. On referring to page 557 of Chronograms,
at the conclusion of the chapter of bibliography, there will be seen
an extensive reference to the existence of such books ; a very few of
them have since come to light, but practically it is a list of books
still inaccessible ; and what is there mentioned may be taken as an
appendix to what here follows.
Mr. Henry Stevens, F.S.A., who has devoted particular attention
to books concerning America, has the following notice of a rare little
book of chronograms, in one of the catalogues issued by him, entitled,
' Bibliotheca Geographica et Historica, a catalogue of nine days' sale
at Puttick's. November 1872.' (British Museum, press-mark, 11905.
g. 4.) It is interleaved with (reduced size) photographs of very many
of the title-pages. We find at page 321, 'No. 2801. Valentinus
(Bishop) a Christi nato Decimi septimi Symbola Eteologica, ex Veteri
et Novo Sacrorum Bibliorum Testamento collecta. 8°. Joh.
Gorman, Wittebergae, 1608. — A rare little book of chronograms. An
exceedingly curious volume, filled with ingenious and, pious trifling.
There is collected under every year for 100 years, from 1600 to 1700,
a large number of texts from Scripture, with the references to chapter
and verse so printed that the Roman numerals will correctly express
S9o BOOKS NOT ACCESSIBLE.
the given year. For instance, under the given year 1620 there are
49 texts to express that year, for example —
DeVs tWs est teCVM. 2 Sam. xiv. 17. = 1620
reX saLoMon beneDICtVs. = 1666
Drop the letter M=iooo, and print the word saLOon, you have 666,
" the number of the beast," out of the same text, with less trifling,
perhaps, than it took Macaulay to derive the same sacred number
from the House of Commons, by counting the members and eight
officers. No doubt this industrious trifling kept the Bishop out of
the mischief of idleness, a disease worse than chronogrammatizing.'
As I am unable to meet with this book in the British Museum or
elsewhere, I preserve what notice I can of it by the foregoing amusing
extract. Mr. Stevens says that about ten years ago he had at Boston,
in the United States, a collection of Mexican books, many of which,
perhaps 200, contained chronograms on title-pages or otherwise, also
squares, crosses, labyrinths, and other fanciful arrangements of words.
The whole of those books were sold in America.
In another catalogue prepared by Mr. Stevens, 'Bibliotheca
historica, 1870,' I find the notice of another book which must be a
♦great curiosity. 'Conceptio Immaculata Deiparae Virginis' (3000
numerical anagrams on the plan of the alphabet caballa), ' a Fran-
cisco de Sancto Joanne, et Bernedo Presbytero Hispano Capel-
lano Capellas Paulinse ubi colitur S.S. Imago B. Marise Virginis a
S. Luca depincta in Sacro Sancta Basilica Liberiana S. Marise Majoris
Romae. Roma, 1686.' (The Basilica of S. Maria Maggioreat Rome
is called also the Liberian Basilica.) I am unable to obtain any
further knowledge of this work, which is in some way connected with
chronograms.
In a foreign bookseller's catalogue, price 10 francs, ' Applausus et
vota civitatis Bruxellensis, in adventu Ser. Princ. Lotharingiae Caroli
Belgii gubernatoris, etc. Bruxelles. A de Vos.' 1748. 40. Tres
bel exempl. de cette pifece rare, remplie de chronogrammes, sur
l'arrive'e du prince Charles de Lorraine i Bruxelles.' I was unable to
obtain it
The four following works have been noticed in book catalogues
and elsewhere —
1. ' Batavia triumphata : anno quo summus arbiter rerum '
DeposVIt potentes De seDe et eXaLtaVIt franCos. = 1672
2. ' Ostendana Francorum clades, qua principe Joanne Austriaco
faciente per tredecim menses,
CroMVeLIo Irato et DerIso, = 1658
MazarIno A fLanDrIs ILLVso, = 1658
haves, pecuniam, militem, honorem et Flandriae spem Anglis con-
juncti amiserunt Franci.' 8°.
3. ' Chronica chronographica ab anno 1600.' Pp. vi, 97. Viennae,
1665. 4°. This is a history of events from 1600 to 1665 in prose,
all chronograms, beginning—
BOOKS NOT ACCESSIBLE. 59*
1600
M0D0 Certe = 1600
Cara aDerant teMpora sb 1600
fernanDVs II., eX stIrIA \
IVngItVr MarI^e fILI« >= 1600
eX baVarIa, etc. J
4. 4 Livre des Prestres.' A tract of eleven leaves, small 40. This
meaningless sentence occurs to give a date (it is in capital letters of
uniform size, but here printed as a chronogram) —
rIXo CeCI CVnICVLVM. = 1478
This is only noticeable as being somewhat like a supposed chronogram
C. CVCVLVM VIXI=i382, mentioned at p. 12 of Chronograms.
In the great Library at Dresden was seen by my friend the Rev/
W. Begley, a very curious thin quarto pamphlet, entirely in chrono-
gram. The title-page is as follows —
CVM Deo = 1605
pLe MeDItatIonIs eteostICha = 1605
per DIspersas In bIbLIIs gnoMas eLaborata =. 1605
aD Vota CoMpetenter apparata as 1605
pro MVnDo Laborante et anno Labante = 1605
1605
bresLje sILEsliE eMporIo In rIpa oDerje = 1605
De prjeLo et Labore baVManno = 1605
anno ChrIstI DoMInI nostrI. = 1605
hoDIe MIhI Cras tIbI. = 1605
aCh. heVte roth Morgen toDt. = 1605
Then begins a series of sentences, proverbs, and meditations,
chiefly in Biblical language, extending to 167 chronograms in all.
Towards the end the name of the author is brought in, and proves to
be Jacobus Berelius k Mielowitz. The pamphlet has no indication of
place or printer except in the above chronogram.
There are two tracts in the great Dresden Library by Chr. Faustus,
both entirely chronogrammatic —
1. * Durus et Minax Cometse cauda,' etc. Budissinae, 1618. 40.
2. ' Eteosticha votiva.' Budissinae, 1602. 4V
In the University Library at Li£ge there is a modern work, ' Eligia
chronodisticha.' L. J. Caris. Leodii, 1846, 8. I have no particulars
of its contents; I cannot procure a copy of it Also the two
following —
' Metamorphosis Angelica Mariana in ter mille figuras transformata
qVaM brVgIs eXhIbVIt JVLeVs De Cesar XI aVgVstI'= 1711
a remarkable assemblage of anagrams on the ' Ave Maria, etc.,' men-
tioned in Le Bibliophile Beige, 1845, vol. i. p. 200 (British Museum
Library). At p. 145 of the same volume another remarkable work
is mentioned, as follows —
'Poemata, chronometra anagrarnmata, epigrammata, et alia his
affinita. In monte Parnasso.' No date or place. 8°. Pp. 292.
592 BOOKS NOT ACCESSIBLE.
By a monk of Ninove, by name Van Halen. Printed, 1784. There
are chronograms in Dutch and Latin, many pages long, composed of
words avoiding the higher numeral letters, mdcl,
Both of these works are specially mentioned in Chronograms,
p. 408. I have never met with either.
Joannes Rudolphus Sporck, the author of -a work mentioned at
p. 427, ante. It is to be inferred therefrom that he wrote two other
chronogrammatic works, about which I can find no particulars.
Ibid. p. 428.
Michael Winepaher, the author of the Calendar mentioned at
p. 410, ante, is believed also to have written chronogrammatic works
for the years 1724 and 1727, and printed at Salzburg (?). I have not
been able to find them.
Andreas Streithagen is catalogued as the author of a work entitled
1 Chronodisticha* in 1635.
J. B. Waseige wrote 'Leopoldus Austriacus, etc,' circa 1640,
probably a chronogrammatic work.
The author of 'Decas Mariana,' mentioned in Chronograms,
p. 441, wrote also ' Decas anagrammatum metrica arte elaboratorum,
illustrissirao honori Sereniano sacra. Vetero-Pragae, 1680'; also
' Decas sacrorum anagrammatum e sacris programmatis utpote sacris
hymnis, textibusque sacris, metrico labore concinnatorum. Vetero-
Pragae, 1672.' I have ascertained that a volume in the University
Library at Prague contains the three works, with this chronogram- •
made title-page, giving the date 1672 six times repeated—
Anagrammata Sacra, metrico labore concinnata, VrbI neo-
pragensI pVLVere generosI MartIs InsIgnIter DeCorjE ; I
a CaroLo IV IMperatore fVnDatve et EXoRNATiE, | VarIIs
Dotata et aVCta IMperIaLIbVs gratIIs; | VIrIs erVDItIs,
arMaqVe traCtare perItIs fLorentI; | fortIter stantI
aDVersVs teLa sVeCorVM ; generoso | In hostILes aCIes
arDore perstantI nVtantIbVs In regno prope oMnIbVs.
' Vota chronographica quae sub inauguratione Must1 et Rev1 D. D.
Henrici van Halmale xi Yprensium episcopi . . . offerebat ex voto
Daniel Franciscus de Maeyer,' — pp. n — Antwerp, 1672-4, is the title
of a tract containing 240 lines of elegiac verse, each giving in chrono-
gram the date 1672. This is in the Brussels Library.
'Vita Sanctissimi Confessoris et Pontificis Huberti, pp. x, 68.
Brussels, 1 730-4/ Preface signed P. Willemaers, Pastor in Viera
Ducum, contains many rhyming chronograms in Latin, introduced
into the text and appropriate to the subject discussed. This is also
in the Brussels Library.
' Liber Eteostichorum,' by Joseph k Pinu, is quoted by the epigram
and chronogram writer Nicolas Reusner in 1590. The work contains
a great many chronograms. I have never met with a copy of it, and
search for it in foreign libraries has hitherto been unsuccessful.
HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS.
I HIS chapter will comprise the examples of Hebrew
chronograms which I have already given in Chrono-
grantSy pp. 542-545, incorporated with many additional
ones brought to my notice by Dr. Christian D. Ginsburg,
LL.D. Without his assistance I could not have under-
taken to explain and illustrate in any way this very interesting
branch of research. The antiquity of Hebrew chronograms remains
undoubted, while the extent of their use has not yet been approxi-
mately ascertained. Existing manuscripts in that language carry
back the time of their use to an earlier period than I have yet found
them in the Latin language ; but even then it cannot be said that
we have reached their origin. I give one example which makes the
date a.d. 1208. Printing by the means of moveable types was
known circa 1450. Whatever may be the earliest date of printing in
Hebrew types, I am enabled to give examples of chronograms on
the titles of Hebrew printed books as early as 1492, and it is pro-
bable that they are not the earliest. That method of dating such
books is continued down to the present day, and it is unlikely that
it will yet go out of favour.
The use of numeral letters by Hebrew writers is not confined to
the expression of dates. It runs imperceptibly into a form like
acrostics or anagrams, which were supposed to strengthen by a hidden
meaning the exposition of passages in the Hebrew Scriptures. It
must be remembered that all the letters of that alphabet have a
numerical power, and that in a chronogram constructed by them,
only certain words of a sentence contain the date (except where
the date is contained in one word), and these words or the letters
thereof are found to be printed in larger characters to mark the date,
4f
594 HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS.
while the whole sentence, or the sentiment conveyed by it, is appro-
priate to the subject, and derives some of its special point from the
meaning of the date-words. The difference between Hebrew and
Latin chronograms will be obvious. This chapter does not extend
to Arabic, Persian, or other chronograms, which are more strictly
speaking of Oriental origin.
The value of the Hebrew letters as numerals is as follows : —
n r i p p fic ji DpoD^ia'DnrinijnK
400 300 aoo 100 90 807060 50 40 30 ao 10 98765 43a x
The following explanation of Hebrew chronology is adapted from Dr.
Ginsburg's Life of Levita,1 page 3 : —
1 To understand the dates mentioned, it is necessary to remark that the
Israelites reckon from the creation of the world, and that their chronology is
about 244 years shorter than ours. Thus, for instance, whilst the year 1882 a.d.
is with us 5886 a.m., it is with the Jews 5643 a.m. Moreover, it is to be
noted that in Hebrew mss., as well as in printed books, two modes are
adopted of expressing the date. The one is by writing the full numbering :
that is, 5643 a.m.= 1882 A.D., which is called the great ox full era (iru DTfc) ;
and the other is by omitting the thousands, and leaving them to be under-
stood, as 643, instead of 5643, which is called the short era (pp &\sb,
abbreviated p"tb), and which is more generally used for the sake of brevity.'
The reader will find information on Hebrew chronology in the Handy
Book quoted at p. 538, ante ; also in a work, ' Essays on Indian Antiquities,
etc., by the late James Prinsep, edited by Edward Thomas, 2 vols. 1858.'
At vol ii. second part, p. 138, it is observed, 'The Jews date from the
Creation, which they consider to have been 3760 years and 3 months before
the commencement of our era. Their year is luni-solar, consisting of either
12 or 13 months, and each month of 29 or 30 days. To reduce the Jewish
time to ours, subtract 3761, and the remainder will show the year.'
The Hebrew chronograms which follow have been interpreted into their
equivalent dates of the Christian era.
To begin with the manuscripts, which were somewhat sparingly dated,
the ' Codex Kennicott 89/ which was written by Jacob Ha-Levi, has the
subscription in the year mmn, i.e. The Law =a.d. 1208. So again the
'Codex De Rossi, 826/ is dated D^J^KUn, it. The Redeemer for ever=
a.d. 1280.
The copy of the Pentateuch, by R. Meier, which is bound up with
the celebrated Ay in Ha-Kore of R. Jekuthiel (Additional ms. 19,776,
British Museum), has the chronogram date on folio 117a as follows —
npTCl ?TaBn rnfin.BBPDa WJJ TUP in the year 'Zion shall be redeemed with
judgment, and her converts with righteousness* (Isa. i. 27)= 156, or a.d. 1396.
1 Massoreth Ha-Massoreth of Elias Levita, Hebrew, with an English translation and
critical notes, by Christian D. Ginsburg, LL.D. Longmans, etc, 1867.
HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS. 595
The Five Megilloth and the Perecopes, which form the second part of this
manuscript, has the following chronogram on folio 169 b —
*n wn m*6 $$ n dm ,tnro m win ,oib5> nja •pn1' «i> ^ nnw ,p?nmi prn
^MIDft B?B, Be of good courage, Simcha Levi shall not be hurt. He formed
it in the era this Pentateuch was written, * Thou shall compass me about
with songs of deliverance' (Ps. xxxii. 7). In this chronogram, the two letters
Nun and He of the triliteral J-|}3, he formed, gives the date, i.e. 55 =
1295 A.P.
After the invention of printing from moveable types {circa 1450), and as
the use of printing advanced, chronogrammatic dating became more
frequent Thus the edition of Proverbs with the Chaldee paraphrase and
the commentaries of Levi b. Gershon and Menachem Meieri, which appeared
at Lierre in Flanders in 1492, is dated, ftyft P*¥ 1K^ JW, In the year 'And
they shall come to Zion with songs' (Isaiah xxxv. 10), i.e. 5252 = 1492. So
also the beautiful edition of the Prophets Isaiah and Jeremiah, with the com-
mentary of Kimchi, which was printed at Lisbon in the same year, is dated,
rrwn ty)B{> j-fl-Q K3* K3 rOBa, /.*. In the year of the creation, 'He shall
doubtless come again with rejoicing7 (Ps. cxxvi. 6), i.e. 5252 = 1492.
The Hebrew Bible, with points, printed at Brescia in 1494 (this edition),
has the chronogram ""H} tibsb T\W, In the year * to accomplish a vow '
(Levit xxii. 21), i.e. 254=1494. This edition is a very interesting one,
from the circumstance of its having been used by Luther when he made his
translation of the Bible.
The Machzor or Festival Prayers of the German Jews, printed at Augsburg
in 1536, has the chronogram —
In the year, * 1 will accept you with your sweet savour' (Ezekiel xx. 41),
ue. 296, 296=1536.
It will be seen that the chronogram date is here given twice. First, in
the words nm m3, with your sweet savour, which exhibit the year- 296;
and in the word nyiK, I will accept you, the numerical value of which is also
296. This magnificent copy (British Museum, press-mark 197 1. f. 1.)
is printed on vellum. The anti-Christian passages, which were omitted
in different parts of the book during the printing by the order of the
censor, are here so beautifully written in the blank sj&ces in the
letters of the excised type, that it is difficult to say whether-they"
or printed.
The Commentary on the Pentateuch, by Shem-Tob ben Jacob Melammed,
which was printed at Venice, 1596 (British Museum, press-mark 1964. e. 2.),
has the chronogram —
mw nnoew plMIJ1! n^3
In the year, ' That we may rejoice and be glad' (Psalm xc. 14) 0/ the
creation; i.e. 5356=IS96-
The first translation of the Old Testament into Judaeo-German (British
Museum, press-mark 1900. d. 4), made by Jekuthiel ben Isaac Blitz at the
expense of the celebrated Uri Sebes Levi, printer at Amsterdam, and grand-
596 HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS.
son of the head of the Maranite community in that city, has the chrono-
1 J/y doctrine shall drop down as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew '
(Deut. xxxii. 2), i.e. 439 = 1678-9.
As time went on, the practice of thus dating Hebrew printed books
increased, and came to be extensively adopted, especially by the Dutch
printers. The following are some examples — c
Buxtorfs Bible, Basel, 1618-19, is dated "fa lp"& pTV? p ' Behold, a
king shall reign in righteousness ' (Isaiah xxxii. 1).
Bible, Amsterdam, 1676-78, is dated ^^ tofi ' Shall distil as the dew '
(Deut xxxii. 2).
Bible, Amsterdam, 1687, is dated t|DV WVcb nngpn ' Let it come upon
the head of Joseph ' (Deut. xxxiii. 16).
The Pentateuch^ with the Chaldee paraphrase and ' Rashi,' Dykenfurth,
1784, is dated *rnv ^Ptf ^IJVl *B Sff € According to the sentence of the law
which they shall teach thee* (Deut xviL 11).
Chronograms in the Hebrew language had now attained a high state of
development, and acquired that extensive use which has been maintained
down to the present time, while their use was being abandoned by authors
and printers of books in other languages used in Europe. Moreover they
present to us many remarkable peculiarities. Thus for instance when the
letters, as simple letters, of the Hebrew alphabet are used to express a date,
combinations are avoided which produce words suggesting an unpleasant
meaning, such as njn «k7=275, or tP13 shame =$08, or other words which
would signify a curse or an imprecation, or the mention of any member of
the body not usually spoken of.
The more elaborate form however was preferred, that of the true chrono-
gram or date-sentence, and in this certain peculiarities are found which are
absent from the chronograms in the Latin or other Western languages. The
earlier Hebrew chronograms consisted generally of one or two words selected
for their agreeable suggestions, or their joyous import Thus the words
nai, T\T)2, W) to rejoice, occur frequently in the dates of Venetian printed
books of the sixteenth century. Later on, the chronogram expanded into a
whole sentence from the Bible, of which some of the foregoing dates are
examples.
As a further illustration, and as exhibiting a singularly elaborate form,
may be noticed the date given by Samuel Schotten of his work entitled
Kos Ha-yeshuoth, which appeared at Frankfort-on-the-Main in 171 1, as
follows : —
row riM *bwi t|i>K3 ,?WWS npi 9nwbov p^ p*v ,nman rut? yrb romm
JHHXWV1 D13 ^D d^w ,nirnea »b *a matt w u new* nv» ,wrn
i.e. Whoso desireth to know the year of creation let him pour out the fulness of
t/ie cup (i.e. let him remove the ' Vau plenef and count the numerical value of
HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS. 597
the word DD ' cup ' as M=8o) and Id him seek for help (n]W*=39i, together
471) in the sixth thousandth year. So many revolutions has the sun made, or
according to the moderns the earth has made them. On Shebat 19 the pages
were fully printed ; and on the day of the week respecting which it is twice said
1 It is good/ the book Kos Ha-ycshuoth was printed off. Accordingly the work
was finished on Tuesday, Shebat 19, 47i=a.d. 171 i. This book is a
commentary on several treatises on the Talmud. The copy in the British
Museum has the press-mark 191 5. c 10. The foregoing Hebrew sentence
forms part of the title to the book, and at the same time contains the words
which compose the date.
It is to be remarked that instead of giving the names of the days of the
week by numbers, i.e. First day, second day, third day, etc, it is frequently
given in abbreviations, viz. : — for Friday, p"\ty BHp MP my, the day of pre-
paration for the holy Sabbath ; for Tuesday, the day on which it is twice said
* good' (compare Gen. i. 10, 12). According to very ancient custom,
and in recognition of the solemn import of this particular use of the word
'good/ authors were careful to begin and finish their works on Tuesday,
which day they held to be especially lucky, because it was twice pronounced
good, and being influenced also by the same respect for the word ' good,'
they avoided Monday, because the phrase ' and it was good,' is not used with
regard to it.
The Super-commentary on Abraham Ibn Ezra's commentary on the
Pentateuch (British Museum, press-mark 1907. e. 5.), which was printed in
Amsterdam in 1 721, has a double chronogram, one on the title-page, and the
other at the end of the book. The first chronogram is as follows : —
1 And the Lord blessed Abraham in all things' (Genesis xxiv. 1), i.e. 482
= 1721. Here not only is the date given when the work was printed, but
also includes the name of the author, viz., Abraham.
The second chronogram, which is at the end of the book, is as follows : —
*«fc) '■nfli ton njnro gfei ansta Yioi> t&wi on
Finished in the year, ' Is it not a little one 9 and my soul shall live '
(Genesis xix. 20). Here too the chronogram not only gives the date, but
describes the modesty of the work (' a little one '), and expresses a hope that
the memory of the editor may contmue to live.
The chronograms which now follow are those of the present century.
The Hebrew Scriptures with a Judaeo-Spanish translation, published at
Vienna 1813-16, in "four volumes (British Museum, press-mark 1900. c 7.),
is remarkable for the different chronograms which accompany not only each
volume, but every separate volume of the Pentateuch, thus —
Vol. L, which was printed in 1813, and contains the Pentateuch, has no less
than five different chronograms for that volume alone, to express the same date.
Genesis, which was printed in 1813, has the chronogram —
D*n upB yso o w
In the year, 'For with thee is the fountain of life * (Psalm xxxiii. 10), i.e.
574=1813.
598 HEBREW CHRONOGRAMS.
Exodus, printed in the same year, has the chronogram —
In the year, ' The mouth of the righteous man is a well of life ' (Prov. x. 1 1 ),
i.e. 574=i8i3-
Leviticus, printed in the same year, has the chronogram —
i.e. In the year, 'The fear of the Lord is a fountain of life* (Prov. xiv. 27),
Le. 574=1813.
Numbers, also printed in the same year, has the chronogram—
D"H -npD oan rroft ror
In the year 1 'T/ie law of the wise is a fountain of life ' "(Prov. xiii. 14), Le.
574=1813.
Deuteronomy, which was also printed in the same year, has the chrono-
gram—
rifl« ?3gf Q"p| TlPB
' Understanding is a well-spring of life unto him that hath it y (Prov. xvi. 22),
i.e. 574=1813.
Vol. ii., which contains the earlier prophets, *.;. Joshua, Judges, Samuel,
and Kings, and which was printed in 1814, has the chronogram —
vb& Tiffin new n*m ror
In the year, 'And the work of righteousness shall be peace ' (Isa. xxxii. 17},
*•*• S75 = I8'4-
Vol iii., which contains the later prophets, i.e. Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel,
and the twelve minor prophets, and which was printed in 1815, has the
chronogram —
In the year, ' Open ye the gates, that the righteous nation which keepeth the
truth may enter in ' (Isaiah xxvi. 2), i.e. 575 = 1814-15.
Vol. iv., which contains the Hagiographa, i.e. Psalms, Proverbs, Job, the
five Megilloth, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, and Chronicles, and which was
printed in 181 6, has the chronogram —
In the year, 'Depart from evil and do good* (Psalm xxxiv. 15), /.*. 576=
1 8 16.
A recent chronogram on the title-page of a book is seen on the two parts
of Rabbi Jacob Saphir's travels in Egypt, Arabia, Jemen, etc., which were
respectively published at Lyck in 1866, and Mayence in 1874 —
v& srpo\ *T\ row
In the year, ' Sing and rejoice' (Zech. ii. 14), i.e. 624=1866.
And ,
In the year, 'Blessed shall thou be* (Deut xxviii. 3), i.e. 634=1874.
There is one remark to be made about Hebrew chronograms, and it
applies equally to all others which are built up from an alphabet wherein all
HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS, 599
the letters are numerals, such as the Greek and Arabic, and where the date-
letters are contained in only one or two words in a long sentence. A
chronogram so composed, being printed or inscribed erroneously, by the
intended date-letters being made small instead of large, an observer could
not rectify it without some independent clue to the date ; the sentence
would contain more than enough letters, and a selection from them for the
purpose of correction would, to say the least, produce an uncertain result
This imperfection is absent from a chronogram composed with the ordinary
Roman numeral letters, and it can be seen at a glance almost whether it be
correctly written, and any numeral letter therein made small may be regarded
as an error obviously to be rectified. A forcible illustration is seen in the
case of chronograms printed entirely in small letters, as those at page 512,
ante, and 569, 570, 571, all in this volume. Those are easily made to dis-
close the date by writing large all the letters which are Roman numerals.
The intimate connection between chronograms, anagrams, and acrostics
has already been noticed, and the pages of this volume alone afford abund-
ance of examples;1 it has also been remarked that it is not safe to rely on
them for support to any religious dogma. The chapter on the ( Angelic
salutation,' commencing at page 482 ante, and the Rosary at page 442 ante,
also the chapter which next follows on the mystic number 666, may be
referred to, especially the remark at page 504. It is certain that the letters
forming the dates of chronograms and the words of anagrams are capable
of being used for a double purpose, one by the supporters of a dogma to give
force or even proof of the validity of its teaching, the other by the opponents
to uphold an entirely opposite doctrine. I now give a striking illustration of
this fact from the mode in which it has been used in controversy with the
Jews, by means of an acrostical application of initial letters.
' No less a person than the celebrated Reuchlin, who lived 1455 to 1522,
would have it that the doctrine of the Trinity is to be found in the first verse
of Genesis.- He submits, if the second Hebrew word fcOl, which is translated
created^ be examined, and if each of the three letters composing this word be
taken as the initial of a separate word, we obtain the expressions 3K mi p,
Son, Spirit, Father. Upon the same principle this erudite scholar deduces
the first two Persons in the Trinity from the words, ' The stone which the
builders refused is become the head stone of the corner' (Psalm cxviii. 22),
by dividing the three letters composing the word pK, stone, into p 2H,
Father, Son. (Comp. De Verbo mirifico, Basel, 1494. British Museum,
press-mark 3834. bb. 1-2.) Such proofs, however, of the doctrine of the
Trinity bring no honour to our religion, and in the present day argue badly
both against him who adduces them and against him who is convinced by
them, since the sentences extorted from the texts by this process depend
upon the skill and ingenuity of the respective combatants. And it must be
confessed that owing to their better knowledge of the Hebrew, and their
greater facility in composing sentences in this language, the Jews in such
arguments contrived to silence their Christian opponents, as may be seen
1 See also p. 458 of Chronograms, the chapter on 'Conceptus Chronographicus.'
600 HEBRE W CHRONOGRAMS.
from the following fact At the end of the celebrated polemical work against
Christianity, entitled 'The Fortification of Faith ' (njlDK pirn), we are told as
follows : —
*a non namm rbnnm run ,-idki pp to» aipjr* mam jom "6 'k nsu pra
ii> anwi Kim . . . /np jneoi) nt own k-u ni tok »a ,npn nni pi m Kin dv6k
dstuidk TO Kinrr pioon b« main *mk run i5>*o ow6 poKr6 mro dk ntxei
rmoa-Dnron 5>kib* nnagf ruo^ b*c*i ^a
*nn=» notf wi*i wj
D*r6«= wk£ w* n%pi *6 ™5>K
rw= vnhn b»k
o*DPn« tj^j ie* nn*£ yo& airi
r\*n= rv$ m^ dij{ niD^i
' /.*. ^ Christian said to R. Nachtnan, called Jacob of Belt, It is acros-
tically indicated in the very beginning of your Pentateuch that God consists
of Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, for the letters of the word K13, he created
(Gen. i. i), contain this indication. To this he replied, If thou believest in
such acrostic indication, I will show thee that this very verse is against your
religion, for I read it thus —
• Son of the first religion, faithful remnant of Israel
Ye searchers after truth, hearken /
Jesus born of a woman was no God,
He was human by his birth,
As is shown by his ignominious death.
Can God be crucified?
Does the Pure Spirit die like men ? '
This remarkable instance is taken from 'The Kabbalah, its doctrines,
development, and literature,9 by Christian D. Ginsburg, LL.D., second
edition, not yet published. Dr. Ginsburg has allowed me to copy the above
from the ms. of the forthcoming edition.
A little explanation is needful. On the left hand the Hebrew words of
the first verse of the book of Genesis are printed in a column, each word being
opposite to a line whose words have for their initial letter the component
letters in succession of the words so taken from Genesis, the translation
shows with what effect this is done.
THE NUMBER 666.
I HIS chapter will consist of notes and extracts taken
from out-of-the-way books which passed under notice
when searching for what is contained in my two
volumes on chronograms. "Very much has been
written on the interpretation of the mystical number
666. Some portion of that is in the form of chronograms ; and
believing that so little of that portion has ever been brought
together in print, into one view, I am induced to assemble here
the scattered items of what is a curious and solemn subject. My
purpose is not to show the validity of any interpretation, or to
point to any as the right one, or even to say that the true one has
yet been reached, because the interpretations are so contradictory,
and many are not deserving of serious consideration. There are
some methods of interpretation which are not based on the
numerical value of the alphabetical letters ; to those my extracts do
not extend.
At the foundation of the whole inquiry is verse 18 of chapter xiii.
of the Book of the Revelation of Saint John the Divine, ' Here is
wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the
beast : for it is the number of a man ; and his number is six hundred
threescore and six.' Or, as it is in the Greek text — kcu 6 dpidfibs
avrov x£r , the last three letters being the Greek numerals for 600,
60, 6 ; or 666. It is natural that the solution should be first sought
for through the Greek, though other methods of numeration have
40
/!
602 THE NUMBER 666.
been tried. We find from the earliest periods of Christian literature,
from the writings of Saint Irenseus (circa a.d. 200), and others of the
early Fathers, that the subject was one of extreme interest to them, and
one that through all subsequent time has engaged the attention of
scholars, theologians, and polemical writers, who followed the search
for the interpretation by means of numbers and their alphabetical •
equivalents. At other places in this volume will be found the several
methods of numeration, viz. — the Roman numerals (see Preface);
the other old Roman numeration (see cabala at p. 289, ante) ; the
Greek at p. 321, ante; and the Hebrew at p. 594, ante; those
numerals apply to the notes which now follow.
A book, ' Athanasii Kircheri e Societate Jesu arithmologia,' etc.,
Rome, 1665 (British Museum, press-mark, 50. c 23), remarks that
heretics have left no stone unturned to show that the Pope is the
Antichrist indicated by the Beast and its number ; for example, they
take the word 'Lateinos' in Greek letters, and 'Romiith' in Hebrew
letters, according to their numerical value, and find the number 666 —
AATEIN02 Jl * * D 1 *1
30 1 300 5 10 50 70 200 = 666 400 10 10 40 60 200 = 666
and then by way of retaliation the names of reformers and others are
adduced to show that the Lutherans and Calvinists are, with equal
force of proof, capable of being identified ; for example, Luther was
a native of Saxony, Calvin a native of Picardy; take Luther in
Hebrew letters, and Saxoneios in Greek, the same number comes
forth—
2AS0NEI02 ^fll^i!^
200 1 60 70 50 5 10 70 200 = 666 200 400 30 6 30 = 666
In like manner, the number 666 is found in many names and
words which have been used by ancient writers in support of con-
troversy on the verse in the Apocalypse \ they are thus mentioned —
Nomina Antichristi, quibus Apocalypticus numerus 666 convenit,
ex Irenaeo, Aretha Cappadoce, Primasio, Ticinio, Ruperto Abbate,
extracta,
IJt erit numerus bestiae sexcenta sexaginta sex.
8. Kaicos o&rjybs, Malus dux.
AX.t)$TJs (JX.a&pbsf Verus noxius.
Udkai Bao-Kavos, Iterata invidia.
Afivos 8&ikos9 Agnus in Justus.
AlT€/AO$,
Mao/A€Tis, Mahomet
2a£ove*bs, Saxo. (Luther.)
LVpVs pICarDVs (Id est Calvintts).1 = 666
As before mentioned, Calvin was a native of Picardy, born at Noyon.
I.
EvavOds,
Euandus.
8.
2.
AaTctvos,
Latinus.
9-
3-
Tarav,
Sol Titan.
10.
4.
Apvovfmt,
Nego.
11.
5-
Tcvoyipuc&s,
Gensericus.
12.
6.
Aa/LiircTts,
Splendor.
x3-
7.
0 Nnoyn}s,
Victor.
14.
J
THE NUMBER 666.
I<ro\frq<f>Ca, Seu resolutio in numeros
2 3 4 5 6
603
E
5 A
30
T
300
A
1
r
3
A
3O.0
70
r
400
A
I
E
5
P
100
E
S
A
IN
.So
A
1
T
300
I
10
N
50
N
50
M
40' I
80 K
10
N
So
E
s
T
300
0
70
2
200
n
20
e
9
I
10
A
1
T
400
H
8
E
S
H
8
A
1
N
50
N
5o
M
40
P
100
T
300
T
300
2
200
0
70
E
5
I
10
I
10
H
8
2
200
(sic.)
K
0
2
20
70
200
2
200
2
200
666
666
666
666
666
666
666
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
E
20
A
1
n
80
A
1
A
I
M
40
*
200
A
1
A
30
A
1
M
40
N
5°
A
1
A
1
K
20
H
8
A
30
N
So
T
300
0
70
H
60
0
70
e
|l
A
1
0
70
E
5
M
40 , 0
70
2
200
H
I
10
2
200
M
40
E
5 N
So
0
70
2
200
B
2
A
1
0
70
T
300 E
5
A
t
B
2
A
1
A
4
2
200
I
10 I
10
H
A
30
2
200
I
10
2
2db
0
70
r
3
A
1
K
20
K
20
2
200
0
70
B
2
A
1
0
70
2
200
E
P
0
2
5
100
70
200
N
0
2
5o
70
200
2
200
666
666
666
666
666
666
666
Haec sunt nomina bestise Apocalypticae numero insignita, quorum
innumera alia ab iis, quibus sat temporis et otii est, jam adductis haud
similia reperiri possunt.
And the author elsewhere remarks, ' Dici non potest, quantum hie
numerus multorum interpretum torserk ingenium.'
A book in the Lambeth Palace library, *De Antichristo libri
undecim : F. Thom. Malvenda Setabitano, Ordinis predica-
torum descriptore: Roma, 1704' (press-mark 9. a. 2.), contains a
vast amount of writing on the subject; it gives most of the foregoing
allusions to the number 666, together with the following —
HaXai Bao-Kavos.==666. i.e. Jam olitn invidens.
DIC LVX. =666. i.e. Quia Antichristus dice/, acjubebat se lucem esse.
rcw^ptKos.=666. Gensericus Vandalorum rex in Africa Arianus
Mastyx orthodoxorum fuit (The word is elsewhere said to signify in
the ( Gothic ' language * the seducer of Gentiles.')
A/xvos a8i*os.=666. Agnus nocens.
604 THE NUMBER 666.
The letters in Revelation x&"=chi, xi, st. =666, have been applied
thus — Xpioros £vAov crravpos. i.e. Christus lignum crucis. Quod
nimirum Antichristus imponet sibi nomen quod e diametro pugnet cum
Christo, ejusque sanctissima cruce, quo se utriusque hostem appellabit.
At pages 436 and 437, the following sentences are mentioned as
composing the number 666 — »
Bnpn mm *jik p*?»
300 4 100 5 5 6 5 10 10 50 4 1 50 6 10 30 70
Elion Adonai Icheneh Hakados. i.e. Altissimus supremus Dominus
Deus sanctus. The name that Antichrist would blasphemously adopt.
*&*&« Kumpn n*3K
io8oxo8ox 130064 too 5 650x0 ax
Abinu hakadosa aphiphi. i.e. Pater noster sancta papa. — vel—
Pater noster meretrix seu scortorum papa.
These sentences, however, are beyond the limits of the enigma,
which declares the number to be that of a man.
Another book in the Lambeth Palace library, ' Theatre de Ante-
christ,' etc., by Nicolas Vignier, 16 10, folio. A controversial work on
the side of the reformed church, it mentions most of the foregoing
explanations, and adds that according to the scheme of Latin numerals
the number 666 is contained in the words —
L' ANTECHRIST ROMAIN.
ao 1 40 100 5 3 8809 90x00 80 50 30 x 9 40 —
In another work I find that the name of the great reformer may
be used with the same result —
MARTIN LAUTER. _
30 1 80100940 so 1 3001005 80 — OOO
A tract in the Lambeth Palace library (press-mark 30. 7. 16.), 'A
letter written by a true Christian Catholike, to a Romaine
pretended .Catholike,' etc ' Imprinted at London by John Windet,
dwelling in Adling Streete, at the signe of the White Beare, neere
Baynards Castle. ;; 1586. Pp. 86. Small 40. This work is of course
a controversial one, and a consideration of ' the marke or name of the
beast ' is introduced, with the mention of several of the interpretations
which I have already noticed. At page 7 1 1 find these additional ones.
Ecclesia Italica, the Italian or Roman Church ; upoKparux #ca#ci;, an
evil priestly or ecclesiastical government or power ; and 0co9 cipt ore
ycuw, I am God upon the earth ; they give the number 666 thus —
EKKAH2IA I TAAIKA.
5 90 so 30 8 aooxo x 10300 x 30 xo ao x ss 666
IEPOKPATIA KAKH.
xo 5 xoo 70 ao xoo x 300 xo x ao x ao 8 = 666
e e 0 2 eimi e n 1 r a 1 h 2.
9 5 70 200 5 xo 40 xo 5 80 xo 3 x xo 8 aoo= 666
The author asserts that these words and die numerical results are
* onely appliable to the Byshops of Rome.'
a
666
I
THE NUMBER 666.
605
THIS subject engaged the attention of the author of a book
bearing this title, ' A key of knowledge for the opening of the
secret mysteries of St. John's Mystical Revelation. By Ric. Bernard,
preacher of God's Word at Batcombe in Somersetshire.' London,
161 7. Around these words are nine engraved subjects from die
Book of Revelation.
At page 221 he shows that the Pope is Antichrist, by a series of
comparisons by no means flattering to the Pope ; and at page 237 he
gives some names from which the number 666 is evolved ; at page
341 the author uses strong language against the Pope, and puts it in
quaint spelling in the following chronogrammatic form —
The Art of Arithmeticke
for papists to reckon the iust worth of their Pope :
OR,
The skill of counting the number of the Beast, which is 666 by
numerall letters in severall languages, shewing his full valuation, and
how truly to price him.
The Papists claime for
the Pope.
The Protestants grant.
PAVLo Vto VICe-Deo.
paVL's sVre a VICeGoD.
As all other hereto-
fore, so the now pre-
sent Pope Paul is in
God's stead.
Wee ought so to ac-
count of him.
He is, by his seate at Rome, a Romane. VW&\ (Romanus),
He standeth vp as adonikam. Supreme Lord iustly. .
He is of the Latin Aareivos.
Church, establishing
only Latin service.
Hee is heere on earth,
God's vicar generall.
He is a very great
commander, and yet
professeth himselfe a
servant of servants.
Hee is a shining light.
Hee is as farre above
the Emperour, as the
sunne above the moone.
He may doe what he
will, and none may say,
why dost thou so ?
Peter's keyes give him
authoritie to dispose
of kingdoms.
The beast's marke
fitteth him.
. = 666
= 666
666
666
666
generaLIs DeI VICarIVs In terrIs. =
666
Loe, a serVant of serVan^s a LorDLy
soVeraIgne. . . . . =
666
XajJLirerrjs. . =
rctrav. . s
666
666
faCIat qVoD VVLt.
eXtera Dant CLaVes petrI.
= 666
- 666
606 THE NUMBER 666.
The Papists claime for _. »^ €rw. The beast's marke
the Pope. T*"5 ^otestants grant. fiUeUl him
He sitteth as teacher In pIA CatheDrA stI. petrI InstrVens
of the people, in the popVLI. . = 666
holie Chaire of Saint
Peter.
Hee cannot erre as Vt papa neqVIt e CatheDrA faLsa
Pope, sitting in that statVere. . . . = 666
seate.
His particular church irdkuca hcxkY^ria. . . = 666
is the Italian Church.
But Rome, or the Po/*a iKtckryria KaOokiKa. . = 666
Rom. Church is the
Catholicke Church.
He is the head of CapVt soLIVs eCCLesIa CathoLIC* hIs
the onely Catholike In terrIs. . . = 666
Church on earth.
He hath given to him trIpLeX Corona DatVr. . . = 666
a triple crowne.
Therefore wee must /ScvcoYktos. . =s 666
account him blessed.
Behold now the account you make of the Pope (ye Papists), we
do willingly agree in the reckoning, and hereby find him to be
In his teaching a bad kokos 6&qyb$. . . = 666
guide.
Through his pride. In hIs sVperIorIty the DIVeLLs
LeIfetenant. . . . = 666
A tyrant by his lawes. DeCreta s Va sVnt Leges Ver4; tyrannI. = 666
And therefore should every one say to him,
Ito Lege eXeCranDVs. = 666
This is followed, at page 344, by other mystical applications of
the number 666, but not in the form of chronograms or other inter-
pretation by numerical letters.
It has been observed that one of the .titles assumed by the popes
(ovofxa /?Aa0-<^fu'as) makes the number, thus —
VICarIVs fILII DeL = 666
It was also said that somewhere in Italy (Venice ?), a picture was
publicly exhibited in honour of Pope Paul v. with this inscription —
paVLo V. VICe Deo.
The chronogrammatic power of the letters here printed large was
soon discovered to be 666, and much scandal was caused by asserting
this to be an unintentional proof that this pope was himself the
Antichrist
The appellation given to the Pope in the Council of Trent wasj —
VICarIVs generaLIs DeI In terrIs. = 666
THE NUMBER 666. 607
Again, these words are found to contain the number —
UaircurKos, the papacy. = 666
Aircxrrarqs, an apostate. = 666
I refer my readers to pp. 465, 468, 481 ante, where the writings
of Johannes Praetorius are quoted. This mystical author makes some
exceedingly fanciful applications of the number 666 to the supposed
eventful or fatal year a.d. 1666, which, to say the least, are difficult
to comprehend.
' OECHS hundert und sechs und sechzig,' is the title of an article
^ in Zedler's Universal Lexicon, vol. xxxvi. p. 861.
Many interpretations are given of the mystical number, which are
to be found in other books, also these following, which I have not
noticed elsewhere. They seem to have been used in the religious
controversies raised by the rival followers of Luther and Calvin in
opposition to the Romanists.
aLeXanDer epIsCopVs.
=
666
aVreLIanVs DaCVs.
=r
666
beneDICtVs LarVatVs.
s=
666
bonIfaCIVs DIserte LItIgIosVs.
=:
666
CaroLVs DIWs.
=
666
ChILDebertVs reX.
—
666
CLoDoVaeVs tertIVs.
• — ~
666
nebVCaDnezar feLIX.
666
heroDes LVCIfVgVs.
=
666
CLaVDIVs ferVs.
— ■■
666
aDVLterInVs CVstos.
666
aVentInVs CoLenDVs.
=
666
CLanDestInVs reX.
t=
666
CLIens orthoDoXVs.
=
666
CVLtVs DIVertens.
ss
666
DILeCtVs greX.
=
666
DraConIs LVX.
^2
666
DVLCIs Wa.
S;
666
LVCIDa faX.
ss
666
styX CrVDeLIs.
=
666
At a later page in the same article I find the following, which are
said to bear on the subject ; a ' gloss ' in German is added to make
them intelligible, at least such appears to be the intention —
DeCas phaLanX qVIngena. = 666
Eine summe von 10. 8000. 500.
DoCtor, LeX, IVs. == 666
Ein Lehrer, Gesetz, Recht
608 THE NUMBER 666.
DraCo, LynX, VIpbra. = 666
Ein Drache, Leichs, Natter.
saCerDos, faLX, oVIs. = 666
Ein Priester, Messer, Schaf.
There are many pages of explanation, not so much in the form
of chronograms as these extracts, but nevertheless curious and fanciful,
and not usually found in books devoted to biblical commentary.
*T"^HE solution of the enigma by numerical letters has. been
\ followed in many other directions. Here are some examples.
The name of Napoleon, in a form as if used in a dedication sentence
in Greek, contains the number, thus —
NAHOAEONTI.
so i 807030570 50 300 10 = 666
The name of Louis xiv., put in the Latin form in a chronogram, on
a medal, to commemorate the misdeeds of that monarch, contains
the number —
LVDoVICVs. = 666
He was therefore the ' beast' It must be remembered, however, that
there were at least eighteen kings of France of the same name,
without counting the c citizen king, Louis Philippe, and the Emperor
Louis Napoleon, who had a full share of misfortune to himself. And
not the least amusing is the name of Gladstone in Greek letters —
\\ T A A A 2 T 0 N H. ?]
// 30/ 3 » « 4M030070S0 8 = 666 //
f And this has been especially pointed at as applicable to the Prime f ■
Minister of England, who happens to be an elegant Greek scholar, as
well as to hold political opinions not approved of by every one.
The 'Westminster Assembly' was constituted by Parliament in
1643, 'to confer and treat among themselves of such matters and
things touching and concerning the liturgy, discipline, and govern-
ment of the Church of England, or the vindicating and clearing of
the doctrine of the same, as should be proposed to them by both or
either of the said Houses of Parliament, and no other, and to deliver
their opinions,' etc etc. The Assembly of Divines continued to sit
until 2 2d February 1649, having met n 63 times. It was subject to
much satire of the period from both the Cavalier and Roundhead
factions. I find in Butler's posthumous works one of these effusions,
'The Assembly-man, written by Mr. Samuel Butler and Sir John
Birkenhead, in the year 1647.' This passage occurs : — 'Of late they
are much in love with chronograms, because (if possible) they are
duller than anagrams ; O how they have torn the poor bishops' names
to pick out the number 666 ! little dreaming that a whole baker's
dozen of their own assembly have that beastly number in each of
THE NUMBER 666. 609
their names, and that as exactly as their solemn league and covenant
consists of 666 words.' No examples are given of the names. At
p. 590 ante, allusion is made to the House of Commons as containing
that number.
*nr*HE subject of the mystic number is treated, exhaustively
X almost, in a now scarce work published in the year 1848,
entitled, * The number and names of the Apocalyptic Beasts ; with
an explanation and application. In two parts/ By David Thorn,
Ph.D., A.M., of Heidelberg, minister of Bold Street Chapel, Liverpool.
Only one volume, * Part I./ of this work, containing 398 pages, was
ever published. The author has his own interpretation of the
mystical number 666, which is developed in his concluding pages.
The volume is otherwise filled with notices of many of the familiar
solutions of the enigma : some I have already brought together, and
others I have not before met with. I extract some of the latter,
because they are in the form of chronograms. The author says,
adopting the words of another writer, ( Innumerable attempts have
been made to discover this name, but hitherto without success ;' and
he adds his own words, * Towards the close of this volume, the true
name is given; and upon that, in the meantime, the reader is left to
indulge his speculations.'
D. f. JULIanUs Caesar atheVs. i.e. The name of Julian the
Apostate, one of the successors of Constantine. = 666
DIoCLes aUgUstUs. i.e. The Emperor Diocletian. = 666
sILVester seCUnDUs. i.e. Pope Sylvester 11. = 666
LInUs seCUnDUs. i.e. Pope Linus 11. = 666
VICarIUs fILII DeI. i.e. The vicar or substitute of the Son of
God. = 666
DoCtor et reX LatInUs. i.e. The Latin teacher and monarch. = 666
VICarIUs generaLIs DeI In terrIs. i.e. Vicar-general of God
upon earth. = 666
Ipse CathoLICe eCCLesLe VIsIbILe CapUt. ue. He himself the
visible head of the Catholic Church. = 666
DUX CLerI. i.e. The captain of the clergy. = 666
Una Vera CathoLICa InfaLLIbILIs eCCLesIa. i.e. The one
true Catholic infallible Church. = 666
aUCtorItas poLItICa eCCLesIastICaqUe LatIna. i.e. The
Latin civil and ecclesiastical authority. = 666
aUCtorItas poLItICa eCCLesIastICaqUe papaLIs. i.e. The
civil and ecclesiastical papal authority. = 666
LUtherUs DUCtor gregIs. t\e. Luther, the leader of the flock. = 666
CaLVInUs trIstIs fIDeI Interpret i.e. Calvin, the baleful inter-
preter of the faith. » 666
The author, as he proceeds, adds his own remarks to show how
uncertain are all these and such like interpretations, and says by way
4H
I
610 THE NUMBER 666.
of illustration, with reference to the geological controversies which
raged in his day, the Neptunist may as well refer his opponent to
VVLCano eDItVs (sc. orbis terrarum) = 666, and may have retorted
upon him in return, oCeanVs e profVnDo tVLIt 1=666. But it
would be idle to chase the shadow any further.
DIC LUX. i.e. Say, or speak, light. ' Ipse enim=s666 fatebitur
se esse Lucem.' For he himself (Antichrist) will confess that he is
the light.
According to the Greek numeration the words 6co$ «/yu «r* yaoys ;
Le. I am God upon earth, make the number 666. The author gives
several Greek words more or less opposite in meaning, with the same
numerical result, and at page 207 proceeds to point at the fallacy of
the interpretations by this remark, ' I presume that a mere reference
is all that is required to " Cow-pox," asserted to be the Beast, by a
German physician ; the word put thus into Greek letters, Koiwroics,
certainly does amount to 666, but it is too obviously a joke to merit
a moment's attention. He concludes his list of Greek guesses with
the word Evwopia (wealth), which makes 666 ; he finds it in a small
and unpretending but clearly-written volume, published anonymously
by S. Bagster, London, 1844, and entitled, 'Wealth the name and
number of the Beast, 666, in the book of Revelation.' The writer
observed ' how active a passion wealth ts at this moment in England
among a people professing Christianity. ' The word quoted is legitimate
Greek, and is used in the Greek text of the passage in Acts xix. 25.
Interpretations founded on the numerical results of Hebrew words
and names are numerous; the author devotes forty pages to the
examination of them.
The author passes on to mention some miscellaneous and ' ridicu-
lous' solutions according to the use of the Roman numerals; he says
at page 241, Sir John Oldcastle,1 Lord Cobham, who was executed
for Lollardism in 14x7, has been designated as the Beast by summing
up the numerals which occur in his name —
Iohn oLDCastLe. sb 701
Deduct his age at the time in question, 35
We have, 666 q.e.d.1
In 'Will Laud,' the common signature of the notorious Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, before his elevation to the episcopal bench, has
been detected the ominous number — M
WILL LaVD. /) = 666
The author, at page 351, mentions the ingenious solution computed
by Mr. J. E. Clark con the morning of June 1, 1809, although not
published until 1814,' according to the Greek numeral method these
words —
fH A a t 1 v rj B a o- t A e 1 a. (/.*. The Latin kingdom. )= 666
8 30 1 300 xo 50 8 a 1 200 zo 30 5 10 x
1 An interesting epitome of his life is in Chalmers's Biographical Dictionary, xxiii. 320.
J
THE NUMBER 666. 6 1 1
At page 359 another similar solution is quoted —
E k k k 7] <r i a I t a A t k a. (t\e. The Italian Church.) = 666
5 ao 20 30 8 aoo xo x xo 300 1 30 10 20 x
At page 361 another having the same meaning is quoted —
A a r 1 v a E #c A c <r t a. (t\e. The Latin Church.) = 666
30 x 300x050 x 5 20 30 8 20010 x
Of course the author does not adopt all these interpretations, he
criticises and in effect rejects them, while he offers what in his opinion
may be the true one, reserving his explanations, which were to appear
in the second volume, never published. The Greek 17 <f>prjv, the mind,
or prudence, or understanding, see 1 Cor. xiv. 20, contains the number ;
and so does exjcAiprtou cra/oKi/ccu, fleshly churches —
*H <f> p 7J V,
8 500x00 8 50 =666
E K K \ 7} <t 1 a 1 arapKiKai.
5 20 20 30 8 200 xo x xo 200 1 100 20 10 20 x xo = 666
The author's reasons for declaring this to be the true solution would
require too long a quotation.
A very curious work, entitled, 'An interpretation of the number
666,' by Francis Potter, B.D., Oxford, 1642, advocates another
numeral method not in the form of chronogram. The author takes
verses 16, 17 of .chapter xxi. of Revelation (and other places), where
the number 144 is mentioned, and explains in his second chapter
1 That the mystery of the number 144, which is the number opposed
to 666, consists of the square root of it, which is 12; therefore the
mystery of 666 must be the square root of it also/ On that basis he
takes 25 (omitting a residual fraction) and finds some remarkable
coincidences at the city of Rome.
Some interesting remarks may be seen in the American edition of
Dr. William Smith's Dictionary of the Bible, revised and edited by
Professor H. B. Hackett, D.D.
In conclusion, enough is given in this chapter to show that little
reliance can be placed on a method of interpretation which is capable
of leading to widely differing conclusions. This remark gains force
by a reference to page 504 ante, where the futility of using chronograms
and anagrams in support of a dogmatic teaching is pointed out, and
to page 599 ante, where it is shown that the use of acrostics as weapons
in religious controversy is very unsafe.
DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED IN
LATIN VERSE.
LOSELY connected with chronograms, is a class of
inscriptions and memorial lines which were called by
the antiquary Gough, in his work on the sepulchral
monuments of Great Britain, ' Dates quaintly conceived.'
The period when they were in general use was anterior
to that assigned to the common use of chronograms, and they
continued in limited use until some time in the fifteenth century,
when they seem to have been entirely superseded by the compositions
which my readers will have seen in great variety in the foregoing
pages. They were extensively used in England and generally in
Europe, for dating sepulchral inscriptions on brass tablets, and other-
wise for recording and notifying dates. It is certain that many
such inscriptions have perished through the usual destructive agencies,
and we are indebted principally to books for the preservation of the
words of many which in these days we are able to notice. In my
searches for chronograms I was led to observe a considerable number
of these curious memorials. I can give only a small portion of those
which I found scattered about in volumes of antiquarian literature.
It will be seen that the hexameter verse is of frequent occurrence, as
well as verses of leonine construction. The Latin language was used
almost exclusively in these quaint compositions.
DATES QUAINTL Y EXPRESSED.
613
}=
21st April 1422
= 1462
The following are from Gough's ' Sepulchral Monuments of Great
Britain ' : —
M anno C quater bis XI rait iste
Luce bis X et 1 April.
M C quater septenis ter tres minor uno.
Augusti ter quingeni si dempseris unum
Et ter, ter, decies ut erat verbo caro factum
Trux-lux undena miseris subtraxit asylum, etc.
M C junge quater I duplex V numera ter
Invenies annum quo ruit iste pater.
Annos millenos C. quater suscipe plenos
Addens septenos domini celestis amenos.
The thirteenth daye of Apryll years seventy and foure,
A thousand five hundred being put to yt more.
The epitaph of a man named King —
Mundi mense pleno Jannarii die noveno C quater mille
Ter et V tunc rex ruit ille. = 9th January 141 5
M semel X terno C quater I quoque querao
Ara resecrata, domus haec variisque novata.
At Roydon church, Essex —
M C quater semel LXV, bis XI probus iste, \ _ • Au£mgt T4o,
Augusti mensis X bis obiit J "" 22a August I4*7
}-
}-
}-
?i3»o
1434
1470
1574
}= ?i3U
The following are fromWeever's 'Ancient funerall monuments within
the monarchic of Great Britain.' Folio. 1 63 1 —
Henry de Wingham, bishop of London, died 15th July 1262 —
Ter vix, et Domini, mil. sexagint. bis, que bis C. =
Roger, called ,the Black, Bishop of London (Roger Nigel)—
In anno M bis C quater X jacet hie Rogerus humatus.
Thomas Cressy of London, mercer —
M Domini C quater bis X annoque secundo
Sexta luce Junii hie de . . . mundo.
Wffliam Lilly, in St. Faith's Church—
M Domini C quater, semel L, ter et V lege frater,
X bis cum quinis M Adar est bonus sibi finis.
Hinc migrat M C quater LX que Decembris, aeterna
Virgo Dei mater, prestet sibi regna suprema.
Anno milleno, quater et CCCC octuageno
Migrat ab hac vita sua spes succurre Maria.
M C quater que dato LXX quater annumerato.
M D deme ter X semel V Christi anno.
= 1240
) 6th
June
1422
1465
?
1460
1480
1470
1475
614 DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED.
The following were in old London churches ; from Stow*s 'Survey': — ,
He died at sixty-nine of yeeres,
December ninth the day,
The year of grace eight hundred twice ) _
Deducting nine away. J ~~ 591
Mille quater centum semel L sex tempore Christi ) *
Dat fundamentum quindena Martius isti, etc J ~~ **
C quater et mille
X et IV cadit ille,
Luce Maii deca terque
=30th May 1414.
Morte die decimo nono
Junii ruit, anno
M C quater nono
Sociato bis sibi deno. =29th June 1429
M D deme ter X semel V Christi cadit anno. = 1465
C quater et mille sex X quarto ruit ille
Et Julii plena septena luce serena. =7th July 1464
♦»•'♦
The following are from Willis's * Survey of the Cathedrals.' 3 vols.
1742:—
Lincoln Cathedral —
C quater X quater MV si Domini numerantur
Annus, in hunc Hominem Mors prevaluisse probatur. = 1445
L M C que quater sub luce Maii deca penta
Corruit ipse Pater, preventus morte cruenta. = 15th May 1450
Ralph Selby, LL.D., died 1420, buried in Westminster Abbey —
M C quater X bis post partum virginis iste
In festo, Christe, tibi spiravit Michaelis (sic). = 1420
At Cleeve, Gloucestershire, John Brien, rector, died 4th February
1388—
L ter C super M ter X simul octo. = 1388
At Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, Nicholas Dixon died 30th October
1448—
Anno milleno C quater, bis, bis deca Christi \ th o t
Octavo moriens mutans terrestria Celis > = ^ S!
Octobris Luce ter deno transit ad astra. j I44
Anthony de Bek, a bishop of Durham, 13 10—
Annis vicenis regnavit ter X 1 plenis = 51
Mille trecentis Christo moritur quoque denis. = 13 10
♦>•■♦
The south aisle of the abbey church of Pershore, in Gloucestershire,
was built by Abbot William de Newynton in 1434, as recorded by an
inscription carved upon some old wood-work, which, more than a
J
DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED. 615
century ago, patched a partition between the chancel end of the
church and a small chapel on the north side —
M, C bis bino, triplex X, addere quarto ) =
Anno Willms dni Newnton fecit abbas. J 434
The following are from c Desiderata curiosa,' voL ii. p. 319 : —
In Lincoln Cathedral, epitaph on a bishop —
Anno milleno, C quater, quaterq. viceno \ __
Bis septem junctis vitalia lumina claudo. J ^4
The first line gives the date of his translation from Rochester, 1480,
and the two lines that of his death.
William Chappel, Bishop of Rochester, ' vitae scriptore seipso ' —
Post mille, quingentos et octies decern
Annos, secundus orbi me dedit ; luci, dies
Decimus Decembris, etc=Born 1580. (He died 1649.)
At St. Peter's Church, St. Albans, from a county history —
C Domini quater, M semel, L semel, V semel, anno. s= 1455
At Abbots Langley Church, placed over the altar on its being
repaired by Bishop Wheatharasted —
M semel X terno C quater I quoque querno = 1431
Ara reserata, domus haec variisque novata.
1 he epitaph of Margaret Dyneley, at Stanford Dingley, in Berkshire.
She died on the day of St. Romanus (9th August) 1444 : engraved on
a brass female figure —
Subjacet hoc lapide, Mergeret Dyneley tumulata
Quondam Willmi Dyneley conjux vocitata
Armigeri regis, modo vermibus esca parata
M domini, C quater, quater X, quater I, cadit ilia = 1444
Romani festo. Jesus ergo sui memor esto.
From the Zurich Antiquarian Society's Transactions, vol. ii. p. 66 —
Versus quando Rudolfus rex Romanorum electus est in regem.
Ruodolfus, reprimens proprio contraria telis,
In Frankenfurt rex eligitur festo Michaelis ;
Ungit Aquisgranum regem sub posteriore
Luce Severini, sub Crispinique priore,
Cum semel M, bis C stat et L semel, X bis et I ter a 1273 or 1276
Sed tu, qui dubitas super his, fac ista legi ter.
This is also in ' Historischer Munzbelustigung,' by J. D. Kohler,
vol. vi p. 400.
616 DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED.
From various old books of History.
A tumult occurred at the city of Prague at Easter 1339, when
nearly all the Jewish population were slain in the course of two hours.
A chronicler, writing in 1634, says he has read these verses some-
where—
M semel, et tria C bis L XI removeto ; I _ q
Paschse luce, reus periit tunc, caede Judseus. ] ~~ *^ 9
On the death of King Wenceslas of Bohemia. He died in 141 9 —
Quater C semel M jungas annos deca novem = 141 9
August sedena, fit Regi mortis habena.
On the birth of Waldemar in., Duke of Slesvig, son of Eric —
Anno milleno CCC ter uno cum duodeno
Waldemars dux Slesvici et natus EricL = 13 15
These are gathered out of various old books —
Mille ubi quingenti post partum Virginis anni ) =
Et duo cum lustris praeterire novem. f 547
Centenis lustris, annis et mille peractis I __
Denos autumnos post quater atque duos. J 54
Mille et quingenti lapsi sunt cursibus anni, ) = ,
Terque duodecies frigore terra tulit. J 53
Octo bis exierant a nato secula Christo I =
Detractis lustris sed tamen inde decern. J 55
On the death of * King Adolphus at the battle of Worms ' —
Anno milleno trecentis, bis minus annis I _ «
In Julio mense, rex Adolphus cadit ense. J 9
The following are from the chronicle of Ober-alt-Aich, quoted at
p. 311, ante. The first, at page 213, is introduced with remarks to
the following effect: — 'Even in the year 1368 it was reported that
the Jews derided the most holy Sacrament in their synagogues,
piercing the hosts with sharp thorns till the blood flowed copiously
therefrom. The common people were so exasperated at this deed
that they slew the Jews without mercy in Bavaria and Austria : the
people of Regensburg and Vienna sheltered their Jews. The princes
stayed the ruin with all their power, but could not save it. One
prince received the Jews, who would otherwise have strangled them-
selves to escape this so-called vengeance from heavea This couplet
commemorates the circumstance and dat$ ' —
Annis millenis ter denis et octo trecentis, ) g
Judaicus populus tunc temporis est trucidatus. / "" I^°
This narrative alludes to certain events in the fourteenth century,
DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED, 617
similar to those described in the histories of the ' Sacrament robbery
and miracle ' in Belgium, and noticed at some length in CAronograms,
pp. 262-283 ; and at pp. 113, 114 of the present volume.
The next, at page 215, is the couplet commencing some verses
given on the authority of * an ancient manuscript book/ and said to
have been inscribed on a tablet at the grave of Bishop Nicolaus of
Regensburg —
Post M post tria C cum XX bina fuere, ) -
Ista tegit fossa Nicolai prsesulis ossa. J ""* *34
The last is at page 218. It is the opening couplet of some
* ancient Latin rhymes,' on a disastrous overflow of the Danube in
1344, when Wolfgang was abbot of Altaich —
Post M post tria C post X bis bina sub anno ) =
Quarto, dum Wolfgangus abbas prsesedit in Altaich. f x^44
1 he following are from Italy : —
Anno milleno ter C ter I septuageno
Solutus ex membris septena luce Noverabris. = 7th November 1373.
» Mille currentibus annis trecentis quaternicenis unoque juncto. = 1 34 1
Astra petens pulcro liquit sua membra sepulcro ) _
M semel et C ter novies II quater adde. J l* 2
Quinque denis mille trecentis et quatuor annis
Tertius Aprilis cum decimo fluxerat ortus. = 13th April 1354.
♦»•»♦
inscribed in a book * Codex Membraneus,' a manuscript of Statius, in
the library of the monastery of 'Hasunga,' in Thuringia\. The book
is stated to have been written —
Bis quingento bis trino, bis quoque bino ) _
Nascentis Christi Thebais scripta fuisti. J I0
And to have been presented to the library —
Bis quatuor undenis quatuor minus addito mille. = 1084
1 he following may be taken as early examples by writers at the
periods indicated They are extracted from a work comprising
various histories and chronicles, 'Erpoldi Lindenbrogii scriptores
rerum Germanicarum septentrionalium, by J. A. Fabricius. Hamburg,
1706 —
M C sex decies annosque recollige binos. = 1162
Anno milleno centeno terquje triceno, ) =
His quinquaginta si misces, tunc bene disces. J 4
4i
1
6i8
DATES QUAINTLY EXPRESSED.
Ax Zwolle, in Holland, part of an inscription in memory of the
burning of 500 houses there, on the night of St. Marguerite, 20th-2ist
July 1324. (From the f Dead Cities of the Zuider Zee ') —
Post M, post tria C, post duo X, quatuor I que,
Nox Margar tillis (sic) igni tu concita Zwollis. = 1324
♦■•■♦
1 he following are from ' Westphalische Provincial-Blatter/ published
at Minden, 1843. Vol. iii. Inscription formerly to be seen on a stoue
at Helvorde, in Germany —
M C ter L octo tibi sunt, etc. etc. =
Another, M C ter L quart X. =
At Paderborn Cathedral, on the tomb of Bishop Henry —
Mille quadringentis bis denis inde retentis.
On the tomb of Bishop Robert, who died in 1394 —
Annis M Christi quadringentis que minus sex.
= i35»
= 1 390
= 1380
= 1394
From the Archaeological Journal, vol. ix. p. 201.
In the cathedral, Paderborn, Bishop Bernard, chosen in 1320 —
Post dupla centena Christi bis bina trigena lustra die, Januarii
terdena de luce vani. = 1320
The number 1000 must be understood, and the word 'lustra'
must be taken as years, and not as a period of five years, according to
classical Latin.
The following are from ' Flandria Illustrata,' by A. Sanderus : —
At the monastery Vallis S. Martini, Louvain —
C quater M que semel duo bis XL dabit annum -
Festa Dionisii praeveniente die. =
Dant L M que semel X I ter C quater annum
Mortis Lamberte dat sacer ecce diem.
In Monasterio Biandiense —
M C quater sex bis Marci sit crastina tristis.
In the Abbey of Furnes —
M C ter L deno, semel I, quoque complice seno
Nunc Idus terno Jani, mortem ubi cerno.
On Andrew Ginge, founder of the Lombard College at Toumay —
Mille trecentos supra, trigesimus annus \ __
Dum coeli rapido volverat axe rotam. j
Concerning the library at the monastery at Taxandria (Turnhout) —
M C quater, sexto decies annoque secundo ) =
Civis agrippinus me fundit Moor. Gobelinus. 1
= 1482
= 1463
= 1412
1330
1462
DATES QUAINTL Y EXPRESSED. 619
At the monastery Viridis Vallis (Gronendael) —
I quater et mille, Ter C tunc floruit ille, ) _
Qui Viridem Vallem Fundavit, ad aethera callem. / T^°4
In the abbey church of Villers, in Brabant —
Anno milleno C ter et sex quadrageno ) __ *
Junensi mense, mortis tunc carpitur ense. J.~ ^
In the Dominican Church, Lou vain, to the Duchess Aleyde —
Mille semel et centum bis duo septuaginta
Luce Severini, fuit Aleydis data fini = 1274
Quam tegit haec tumba Serpens fuit atque Columba.
The building of the Monastery of the Seven Fountains at Forest,
near Brussels, was thus dated —
M, C ter, L que, ter I, semel V que, ter X in Aprili luce sub
undena Domini domus ista sacrata extitit = 1388
Another inscription dated a building there —
Hoc Domini templum fuit ad Genitricis honorem
Christi sacratam, Mariae Virginis almae
Anno milleno centeno bis geminato \ ^ \
Ter numero deno duplicato ; adjungito septem, > = * * **'
Turn dena Auguste lux resplenderet et una. j *4 7-
♦»•'♦
From Lord Orford's works, vol iii. p. 25, an original inscription —
Anno milleno Domini cum septuageno )
Et bis centeno, cum completo quasi deno. J
On the battle of Berchtem, in Franconia, on nth January 1400—
Post M C quadruplex Berchtem fuit maxima strages. = 1400
The following is quoted by Locrius in his ' Chronicon Belgicum '
(see p. 121, ante), as an old verse to indicate the antiquity of a
religious order —
Anno milleno Domini, deciesque noveno, 1 =
Norma Berengarii trunco nova ccepit haberi. J 9
Also this, indicating the removal of the remains of St. Bertelius
into a new tomb by Bishop Pontius, or Abbot Peter of Atrebatum
(Arras) in the year 1228. It is quoted by the author from an old
manuscript —
Anno milleno, bis quarto, bis quoque deno, \
Atque ducenteno, sub P. Pastore sereno I = 25th Oct.
Idibus octavis Octobris, ab ore suavis, t 1228.
In vas e vase fecit Bertelia Phase. )
to
/ desire the reader's indulgence, and
request him to correct
the errors printed herein
through inadvertence or oversight,
in the words of a distich
found at the end of
a curious little book
printed at Leyden
in
the year 1600, —
C0RR1GE QU& LECTOR PASSIM HIC ERRATA VIDEBIS,
NAM TOTO LIBRO PLURJMA INESSE SCIO.
INDEX.
Si 3
A in centre of chronograms
in a circle, 336, 337.
ABC cum notis, etc. , a curious
book, 153.
ABC poems, 561.
A B C D £ (whole alphabet),
160.
Acrostic, 304, 336, 349, 359, 581.
Acrostic, a very long one, 368.
Acrostic on C. Wild, 359.
Acrostic epitaph, 564.
Acrostic on Haec est virga, etc.,
492.
Acrosticha chronica, 497.
Acrostics on AVE MARIA, 484-
494. 497-50L
A £ I O U explained, 162, 379.
JErichalcus died of plague, 15a
Aerschot church, 621.
Affligem, 61.
Agincourt, battle of, 123.
Aix-la-Chapelle, peace of, 117.
Albert 1. of Prussia, 521.
Albert, son of Maximilian 11. ,
born, 150.
Albert becomes Emperor, 140.
Albert, Bishop of Mayence,
etc., 346, 519.
Albert, governor of the Nether-
lands, 75r 75, 535.
Albert and Isabella, 64.
Alciatus, A, 347.
Alectromantia seu Divinatio,
etc., a work by Praetorius,
478.
Alexander, Pope, dies, 513. .
Alliterations, 1^7, 341.
Alliterative addresses, 95, 96.
Alliterative verses, 341.
Alphabetical collection, 152.
Alphabetical eulogy on Mr.
Bex, 112.
Alpbabetum muliebre, mala?
mulieres, 161.
Altorf University festival, 330 ;
list of dignitaries there, in
chronogram, 331, 332.
Alva y Astorga, works by, 482.
Amorbach monastery, 306, 308,
309-
Amsterdam chronograms, 532.
Anagram in a star shape, 506.
Anagram on ave maria, 497.
Anagrammata sacra, 592.
Anagrams, 3, 9, 15, 20, 25, 77-
79, 91, 92, 107-110, 119, 157,
158, 166, 172, 174, 178, 287,
288, 300, 333, 339, 346, 353,
396, 444, 463, 464, 476, 484,
495. 506, 542-
Anagrams, panegyrics on a
bishop of Wtirzburg, 287,
288.
Anagrams, a work, The Rosary,
full of them, combined with
chronograms, 442-456.
Anaxagoras (Konigsmarck),
157.
Angelic Salutation, 482-484,
495> 497; remark on the
anagrams of, 504.
Anhalt, Prince of, 360, 564.
Anna of Saxony died, 524.
Anna, wife of King Ferdinand,
dies, 137, 138.
Anne, Electress of Bavaria,
oratio funebris, 528.
Anne, wife of James 1., 18.
Anthropodemus Plutonicus, a
work by J. Praetorius, 466.
Antwerp, Abbot Simeomo, 580.
Antwerp, Archbishops of—
Aubert, 92; Beughen, 94;
Spinosa, 96, 577 ; Gamaren,
572, 574 ; Wellens, 576 ; de
Gentis, 580.
Antwerp, festival of the thirty-
six Saints, $82.
Apollinis spintualis oraculum,
a 502. 505. 508.
Apollo heroicus et lyricus,
peace congratulations at
Oliva, 390.
Apollo spintualis, 508.
Applausus panegyricus, 96.
Arbustum vel arboretum augus-
taneum, 209.
Armada, the Spanish, 158.
Arras, date verses, 619.
Artaunura, i.e. Wtirzburg, 271.
Artois, events of war in, 126, 127.
Artois, the Counts of, 122, 123.
Assassination of Guise, 128.
of William the Silent, 120.
of Henry in. of France, 128,
of wenceslaus in., 165.
of Bishop Melchior, 273.
Astrasa Judex, 554.
Aubert, Archbishop of Ant-
werp, 92.
Augsburg Confession, 517 ;
coronation festival, 180.
Augustus, Duke of Brunswick,
and his family, 209.
Augustus William, Duke of
Brunswick, 223.
Augustus, Duke of Saxony,
born, 14&
Aula honoris at Mayence Uni-
versity, 329.
Aurora exorta, a congratulation
to Duke Ferdinand on birth
of daughter, 206.
Avianius, J., chronograms of
events, 1500 to 1596, 51a.
624
INDEX.
Ave Maria, etc., 482, 483;
anagrams on, 484, 495, 497 ;
remarks on, 504.
Bad Weather, cold, heat,
and drought, 133.
Baert, P. J., pun on his name,
and chronogram, 95.
Bagen, S., epitaph of 57.
Balbinus, J., 143.
Balbus built a wall, 5.
Barbara Radriwil crowned
Queen of Poland, and soon
after dies, 130.
Barrow .Gurney church, 3.
Bartholomew Eve, massacre,
132.
Bartolus died, 145.
Basle University, 335.
Batavia triumphata, 59a
Bavarian war, 159.
Beard, allusion to, 94, 95.
Two feet long, 295.
Begley, Rev. W. , books belong-
ing to, 96, 99, zo6, no, 113,
166, 185, 253, 257. 286, 353.
357. 366. 37a. 397. 4io. 427.
442. 457. 5o8, 53*. 54i. 543.
o 547. 551. 56?.
Belgian Chronicle, 121.
Belgrade, flag taken at the
capture of, 44.
Bellerophon vulnerandorum, a
work by Prsetorius, 477.
Bells, chronograms on, 566,
567. 5%. 568, 568.
Bembo, Cardinal, 345.
Berelius, J., chronograms by,
Berens, D., 109.
Berg monastery, 3x0.
Berges, Archbishop of Mechlin,
Bernhard, Bishop of Minister,
and the licentious clergy, 131.
Bertalan, G., thanks to, 363.
Besius, A., 109.
Bess or Besius, Giles, 109.
Beugen, Archbishop of Ant-
werp, 94.
Bex, Mr., eulogy on, 112.
Beyne, F. P. du, 105.
Bezsan, J. N., verses on bis
early death, 364.
Bible, remarkable chronograms
composed of words from, 126,
127. *57-
Bicken, Archbishop of May-
ence, 268.
Bilhildis, Saint, 275.
Billoen, Mr., poem to, 37a*
Binche in Hainault, 62.
Birkhart, sculptor, 565.
Bishops, German, chapter on,
230, 251.
Bismark the printer, 558.
Bleib bei uns, eta , 159.
Blind chronogram writers—
Sporck, 427 ; Joannes Bapt.
Agnensis, 483, 495.
Blind King of Bohemia, 146,
165.
Bogislaus, Duke of Croy, 352.
Bohemian artists, 565.
Bohemian chronicle, 134.
Bok, a bell-founder, 566.
Bommersheim church, 42.
Bone, W., and his wife, a pun-
ning epitaph, 2.
Bonn, chronograms at, 52.
Booker's almanac, 7, 8.
Books not accessible, 589.
Boonen, Archbishop of Mech-
lin, 88, 107.
Borromeo, Saint Carlo, a
chronogrammatic history of
him, 457 ; anagram on, 463,
464.
Botanical (title to a book in
chronogram, 466.
Bottle, chronogram on, 158.
Bourbon, Henry, Prince of, 352.
Bowridge, J., epitaph, 2.
Boyne, the battle, 29.
Breslau, Leopold festival, 188.
Brixia, the town burnt, 139, 141.
Broadsheets, Flemish, 49, 50,
54i-
Broadsheets at Society of An-
tiquaries, 8.
Brim, M. ie, Abbot, 108.
Brunswick, Dukes of, congra-
tulations, etc., 209-224.
Brussels chronograms, 49, 50,
5i.
Brussels jubilee, 543.
Bruxellensium triumphus, a
panegyric on Ferdinand, 77.
Bruyne, L. de, 108.
Buckingham, Duke of, 12.
Bucquoy, Charles, Count of, 72,
73.75-
Buda occupied by the Turks
and devastated, 147, 148.
Buda, victory gained by the
Christians, many chrono-
grams thereon, 153-156.
Burcardus, F., born, 513.
Burianus, J., dies young, 137.
Burnet, Bishop, 31.
Buttelar, Bishop, 42.
C, the letter, alliterative ad-
dress, 95.
Cabala, 187, 200, 205, 289, 312,
315, 353. 555 ; on Charles vi.,
200-205 ; on a Bishop of
Wurzburg, 289.
Caesar, P., murdered. in bed-
room, 132.
Caesar : the text ' give unto
Caesar, etc,' put in chrono-
gram. 569, 570.
Cafmeyer, error of the name
explained, 115.
Calendar of 1666 by Prsetorius,
471.
Calendar of 1726, and amusing
sets of chronograms, 410-
426 ; and translation, 424.
Calendar rectified, 523.
Calm, F., author of chrono-
grams, 206.
Camenicenus, J., celebrated
preacher, died, 152.
Camin, Bishop of, 352.
Canal at Ghent, 535.
Canal at Louvain, no, 530.
Cancer chronographice tn-
cedens, 429, 430.
Canisius, F. H., poems and
epigrams, 104.
Carl Theodor, Count Palatine,
224.
Carlovicius, C, died, 137.
Carmelus triumphans, a pane-
^gync, 95-
Carokvicius, C, born, 151 ;
died, 137.
Casier, A. , no.
Cassel Museum, 45-47.
Castor and Pollux, 230,
Catharine de Medfcis poisoned,
351.
Catharine, Princess of Lane-
burg;. 35*.
Catharine, wife of Gustavus of
Sweden, dies, 129.
C. C. C. C. C C. Lycophron-
Carolinus, a panegyric on
Emperor, 173.
C. CVCVLVM VIXI, 591.
Charles I., journey to Scotland,
22-24 ; execution of, verses,
26, 27.
Charles 1. of Spain abdicates,
125.
Charles 11. of England, returns
from Spain, 19; marries
Catharine of Portugal, 28 ;
royal arms inscribed, 7.
Charles iv., Emperor, died,
IS*-
Charles v., emperor, born, 139,
513; crowned, 139, 515 ; died,
127, 148, 151, 520 ; a volume
of remarkable tracts concern-
ing him, 172.
Charles v. of Lorraine, 380.
Charles vi., emperor, 173; fete
at Brussels, 528 ; accession
ftte, 280, 281 ; various pane-
gyrics, 172 ; coronation, 172 ;
the electors address him in
INDEX.
625
chronograms, 176 ; Fons in-
exhaustus, 108 ; cabala odes,
aoo ; eulogium of, 435 ;
twenty - six anagrams on
name, 174 ; others, 178 ; coro-
nation festival at Augsburg,
180.
Charles vn. of France, 123.
Charles Alexander, Governor
of the Netherlands, 81, no,
53°.
Charles, Archduke, born, 143 ;
died, 525.
Charles Borbonius takes Rome,
and is killed, 126.
Charles Borromeo, his history
in chronogram, 459.
Charles, dauphin of Vienna,
123.
Charles, Duke of Lorraine,
victory at Buda, 153.
Charles Joseph, Archduke, 351.
Charles, Prince of Wales,
courts the Infanta of Spain,
and returns to England, 10.
Charles the Bold, of Burgundy,
slain, 124.
Charles the Emperor subdues
all Germany, 126.
Chemnitz, M., life and death,
359*
Cherubin et Seraphin, 159,
344}
Chiromancy, a work on, 473,
474-
Christianus loquitur — Turca
respondet, on the defeat of
the Turks in Hungary, 166.
Christina, Queen of Sweden,
394, 403.
Christopher Francis, Bishop of
Wurzburg, 286; conversa-
tional panegyric on, 287, 289,
291.
Chron-anagrams, 166, 158. See
also Rosary, 442.
Chron-anagrams on defeat of
the Turks in Hungary, 166,
167.
Chron-anagrams, the Rosary,
444-456.
Chronica chronographica, 590.
Chronicles, the Belgian, 121 ;
the Saxon, 128, 341 ; the
Bohemian, 134; Frankfort,
544 ; Wurzburg diocese, 271.
Chronostica votiva, 362, 365.
Chytraeus, D., his chronicle,
128, 341.
Circle, chronogram in, 222, 337.
Claudia Felicitas, second wife
of Leopold 1., 163, 166.
Clement Augustus, the young
bishop, 230, 241.
Clement vl, Pope, 435.
Clement vn., Pope, 516, 517.
Cobbelgiers, John, panegyric
on, 91, 92.
Codicillus, J., died, 148, 566.
Coligny, murdered, 132, 522.
Cologne, Archbishop. SetGeb-
bard and Clement Augustus.
Colophon chronograms, 571,
632.
Columbus, Christopher, 125.
Comet, 142, 477, 591 ; at
birth of James 11., 21 ; in
*5&» 139; seen at Prague,
142.
Commanding officers, verses
to, 382.
Conflagrations at Renneveg,
49 ; Weimar, 52 ; Tymau,
' 53; Brixia and other places,
139, 141 ; Caslavia, 141 ;
Glatz, 142 ; Iglau, 142 ;
Pragud, 142, 143; Tabor,
147; Tachu burnt for the
seventh time, 149 ; Zittau,
157; Nuremberg, 570; Er-
furt, 523 ; caused by tobacco,
570 ; London, 473.
Congratulations to persons,
etc., in Flanders and Hol-
land, 104.
Conturbabantur, 557.
Conversational panegyric on a
bishop of Wurzburg, 287,
289, 291.
Corollas Majales, or May
wreaths, rhyming Latin
verses, 310, 320.
Cracow, Bishop of, 301.
Cranmer, Thomas, burnt, 520.
Creusen, Bishop of Malines,
105, Sa8.
Croix, le mystere, 551.
Crompaut, P. van, 109.
Cromwell, riddle on his name,
25 ; chronogram on, 28, 590 ;
funeral of, 33.
Cropacius, C., poet, 137.
CrotaLIstrIa, etc, 570.
Cruesen, J., Archbishop of
Mechlin, 105, 528.
Crux chronographica, 529.
Csank, P., verses to, 364.
Cucheinollibeag, a Persian, his
portrait, 350.
CVCVLLVM, 313, 591.
CVM Deo PliE, etc., the title
of a book, 591.
Cunctator, an epithet -applied
to the infant Archduke
Leopold, 185, 193.
Cuni, Charles, 108.
Cuthenus, M., a writer of
chronograms, died, 141.
Cyprus invaded, 522.
Czaslavi town, burnt, 141.
4*
Dacher5den, curious verses,
556.
Daemonologia Rubenzalii
Silesii, a work by Praetorius,
481.
Damman, J., 108.
Danckelmann, 158.
Daneels, J. B., 108.
Daniel Schwenter, 562.
Danits, E., poems and chrono-
grams, by, 362.
Dantiscopolitani, 557.
Dantzig, siege of, 523 ; Univer-
sity of, 333.
Dates quaintly expressed, 612.
Daun, governor of the Nether-
lands, 526.
Debtor refused to pay when new
style reckoning began, 524.
Deceased wife's sister, 587, 588.
Deduction, date indicated by,
DeLetI MorInI, 50, 126,
Delicise physico-mathematica,
562.
Despota, Alexander, Prince of
Wallachia, reinstated, 131.
Devil (Teuffel) and his mother,
273,284.
Devon, county of, chronogram,
2,4.
Dice and gaming, 559.
Dippat, his renunciation, very
curious, 551.
Discalceate trinitarians, 547.
Distinguished persons, 343.
Dlabacz, dictionary of Bohe-
mian artists, 565.
Dog days heat, 585.
Dotislaeger, J., 109.
Domus sapientiae, 317.
Dooms, J. G., a painter, 566.
Dragon at Ghent, 535.
Drought, heat, and bad
weather, 133, 157.
Durus et minax cometae cauda,
Dutch poem, a jocose one, 372.
Dyneley, M., epitaph, 615.
Easter Egg, emblem at coro-
nation of Charles vi., 182 ; at
the Leopold festival, 191.
Eber, P., born, 514 ; died, 522.
Edward in. of England, 558.
Edward VI. of England, 518.
Eeden, A. van, poem and ana-
gram to, 02.
Elder in, bishop of Liege, 95.
Elford, Mary, epitaph, 4.
Elision of vowels in a whole
line, 228.
Elizabeth, daughter of James I.,
marries Frederick, Count
Palatine, 13.
6a6
INDEX.
Elizabeth of England, portrait
of, 6 ; born, 517.
Elizabeth, wife of Philip
Augustus, dies alter giving
birth to twins, 122.
eMitb pVbLICe, etc., the
final words of a book, 571.
Emperors of Germany, 163.
Engelhart, L., death, 361.
England, chronograms in, 1,
585.
Epigrams by Vrientius, 534.
Epistola responsoria, 397.
Eques cataphractus, 133.
Erasmus born, 150 ; died, 517.
Erfurt, Scotch church at, 57, 58.
Eric in. of Sweden is born,
129 ; is crowned, 131.
Ernest, Duke of Croy, 352.
Ernest, son of Maximilian n. ,
born, 143.
Escher, Helnricb, panegyric,
poems, and anagram, 353.
Eteosticha votiva, 591.
Expenses of war, 397.
Fabricius, G., 131, 133.
Famine, time of, 313.
Faringdon church, 2.
Faustus, Chr., tracts by, 591.
Fayer, V., his epitaph, 151.
Feticitus Claudia, 163, 166.
Ferdinand 1., Archduke, born
in Castile, 140.
Ferdinand n. , King of Bo-
hemia, 71.
Ferdinand, King of Bohemia,
elected, 150 ; enters Prague,
150.
Ferdinand elected King of the
Romans, 517 ; died, cai.
Ferdinand in., his death, 165 ;
oratio ranebris, 527.
Ferdinand, Emperor, died,
i4S. 1°$.
Ferdinand, governor of the
Netherlands, 77.
Ferdinand, Archduke of
Austria, born, 140.
Ferdinand, son of Maximilian
11., the emperor, born, 140 ;
died, 143.
Ferdinand Augustus, king of
Bohemia, 72*
Ferdinand, t>uke of Bavaria,
congratulations on birth of
daughter, and of son Maxi-
milian Emmanuel, 206.
Fernery, chronogram for, 587.
Ferrara cathedral, 621.
Final words of a book, curious,
57X.
fInIto LIbro, etc., inscribed
in a ms. to date its comple-
tion, 571.
Fires. Set Conflagrations.
Fischer, an engraver, 566.
Fish, on a man feeding them
at sea, 435.
Flemish bishops and digni-
taries, 88, 572.
Florence Cathedral, 621.
Fons inexhaustus, a panegyric
on Charles vi* 198.
Fountains emblematical of
Charles vi., 198.
Francis, Archduke of Austria,
dies on his marriage day,
184.
Francis of France and Henry
viii. of England die in same
year, 519.
Francis 1. of France, 515, 519 ;
defeated at Ticino, 125.
Francis iv. of France, 351.
Francis Arnold, bishop, 257.
Frankfort, library at, 38 ; epi-
taphs, 545 ; chronicle, 544.
Frederic, a quaint acrostic,
1 6a
Frederic Charles, Bishop of
Wurzburg, 296, 297; ana-
gram on, 300.
Frederic Duke of Branden-
burg, 38a
Frederic, Maurice, Prince of
Anhalt, his premature death,
360.564*
Frederic, Prince and Count
Palatine, married Elizabeth,
daughter of Tames 1., 13, 71 ;
defeated at Prague, 72.
Frederick Augustus of Poland,
5*3-
Frederick 11. of Denmark.
35a.
Freising, Bishop of, 253.
Fry, Ann, epitaph, 2.
Fulda Cathedral, epitaphs, 42 ;
Calvary hill at, 41.
Funeral elegies, 563.
Funeral orations and dirges,
358.
Funny little stories, 434.
FOrstenberg, Prince-Bishop,
*5i.
G. Gibssen, alliterative
on, 341.
Gaden, near Vienna, 49.
Gale, E., an apothecary, 12.
Gameren, Archbishop of Ant-
werp, 572.574. r ^
Garter, the Order of, 558.
Gazophulaci gaudium, a work
by Prsetorius, 481.
Gebhard, Archbishop of Co-
logne, 76 ; gets into disgrace
by marriage, 255, 256 ; ex-
communicated, 524.
Geldart, Rev. E., chronograms
by. 586, 587.
Gelenia, G., died, 14a
Genomatsky, a bell-founder,
568.
George I. arrives in England,
3i.
George 11. of Hesse, 225, 226 ;
reconstitutes Giessen Uni-
versity, 338. 339>
George, Duke of Saxony, 518.
Gepflttckte Fincken, a curious
book, 160.
German dukes and landgraves,
206k
German monasteries, 306k
Germany, local chronograms,
5».
Gerson, J., died, 145.
Ghent, epigrams on, 535 ;
Horenbeke, Bishop of, 91 ;
fireworks, 536; festival at,
536 ; the gilded dragon, 535 ;
caoal at, 535.
Giessen University, 338 ; ana-
gram on restoration of, 339.
Ginsburg, Dr. See Hebrew
chronograms, 593.
Give unto Caesar, 569, 570.
Glatovia. See Glatz.
Glatz town burnt, 142; acci-
dent at a church, 144.
Glen, F. de, epitaph, 127.
Glitzburg, W., medal of, 58.
Glogau, 158.
Glosowicz, M., poem on Bishop
of Cracow in chronogram,
301.
Gloxinus, F., lamentation, 357.
Godefridus, J., elegy, 565.
Godinus, F., Litania chrono-
grammatica, 497.
Gosky, work by, 209.
Gotha captured and destroyed,
521.
Goufiart, M., Abbot, 107.
Governors of the Netherlands,
64.
Charles Alexander, 8i, zio,
530.
Ferdinand, 77.
Leopold, William, 78.
Albert and Isabella, 64, 535.
Maria Antonia, 8a
Maria Christina, 82.
John of Austria, 104, 113.
Clara Eugenia, 5361
Isabella Clara Eugenia, 536k
De Daun, 536.
Grammont, College of, ap-
plauses by, 106.
Granville, A. P. de, 345.
GriLtz, chronograms at, 48, 49.
Grau University, paneg '
on Emperor Joseph 1., 16
INDEX.
627
Grade chronogram, 321; re-
marks on, 331, 332.
Greek numerals, 321.
Gregorian calendar promul-
gated, 523.
Greiffenberg, 158.
Grieffenclau, Bishop, 278 ; pre-
sented a silver shrine, 274.
Gropp, Ignatius, works by,
272, 286, 306.
Grunewald, J. W., died of a
severe illness, 361.
Gruter, A. F. de, 108.
Guido, Archbishop of Rheims,
not a favourite, 122.
Guise executed, 524.
Guise, Duke of, assassination,
127, 128.
Gustavus succeeds to crown of
Sweden, 129 ; death of his
wife Catharine, 129 ; a son
born, John, 129 ; his second
wife, Margaret, dies, 130 ;
death of, 130, 131, 394;
defeated at Leipzig, 394.
Haan, an engraver, 567.
Haarlem chronograms, 533.
Hacki, author of Apollo hero-
icus, 400.
Haeften, B., 107.
Hague, battle of, 30.
Hainer, J. N., verses to, 364.
Hajck, his scrap-book, 567.
Halle University, 334.
Hamburg, library at, 39 ;
chronogram at, 40.
Hampstead hollow tree, 6.
Hanover, medals at, 43.
Hebrew chronograms, 593.
See also Preface.
Hedwig of Brandenburg, 129.
Heilbrunner, P., chronogram
of the year of death, and
month, day, and age, 358.
Henrietta Maria, 25.
Henry 11. of France died, 520.
Henry in. of France assas-
sinated, 128, 159, 524.
Henry v. of England, con-
spiracy against, 10.
Henry vm. of England, 351,
5X4» 5*7-
Henry, Duke of Saxony, 518.
Henry of Bourbon poisoned,
35a-
Henry becomes King of Po-
land, and abdicates in same
year, 522.
Henry Frederick, Prince of
Wales, 11, 14, 16.
Hercules Austriacus, a pane-
gyric on Emperor Joseph 1.,
169.
Herve, rejoicings at, on arrival
of Maria Christina and
Albert, Governors of the
Netherlands, 82-87.
Hesse-Cassel, 45-47.
Hesse, foundation-stone of a
castle inscribed with chrono-
gram, 569.
Hesse, Landgraves of, 224,
226, 229, 338.
Hildesheim, 43, 44.
Hilton, J., chronogram on, 1.
Hinton church, 3.
Hochenburger, author of
Hercules Austriacus, 169.
Hodie mini eras ibi, 360, 591.
Holbling, J., his illness, 364.
Hollow tree, Hampstead, 6.
Homburg, library at, 39.
Horenbeke, Bishop, 91.
Horizon trinitario, etc., 547.
Horvath, J. N., verses to, 363.
Houte, J. vanden, 109.
Hulseman, doctor, 476.
Hunnius, G.. threnologia, 358.
Huss, John, 43, 144.
Hussinecius, a physician, dies
of the plague, 146.
Hutten, Bishop of Wurzburg,
286.
Ich dibn, origin of, 147, note.
Iglau, town burnt through
drunken revels, 142.
Immaculate Conception, the,
482.
Ingenii luctus tempore, 556.
Innocent XL, verses to, 377,
400.
Innocent xii., Pope, 345.
Inundations in Europe, 158,
159 ; the river Weser, 620 ;
at Zwolle, 618.
Isabella Clara Eugenia, the In-
fanta of Spain, born, 127.
And see Albert and Isabella ;
also 536.
Isabella of Spain dies, 126.
Isabella, Queen of Hungary,
dies in childbirth, 129.
Jambs i., journey to Scotland,
17, 24; death of his wife
Anne, 18 ; his death, 2a
James 11., birth of, 21.
ansenists, the, 548.
ardim anagrammatico, etc.,
by Alonso de Alcala y Her-
rera, 442, 456.
a esuits' order established, 518.
esus, acrostic on, 159, 160.
esus Christ born, 151.
, ews slain at Prague, 616.
' ocose poem in Dutch, 372.
John, Elector of Saxony,
5*7.
John Frederic and' Maurice
prevented from war, 518.
John George, Duke of Saxony,
380.
John, King of Poland, dead,
John of Arragon, the Infanta,
dies of fever, a great shock
to his wife, 125.
John of Austria, 104 ; at the •
siege of Valenciennes, 113.
John Philip, Bishop, presents
a silver shrine, 274 ; his elec-
tion, 278 ; his death, 279.
John, Prince of Burgundy,
slain, 123, 124.
John, the blind King of Bohe-
mia, 146.
John Theodore, Bishop, 253.
ohn William of Saxony, 522.
oseph 1. , Emperor, 169 ; verses
to, 401 ; death of, 279.
Joseph 1., Emperor, Hercules
Austriacus, an emblematical
panegyric, 170.
Joseph Clement, Bishop, 252.
ourney in search of chrono-
grams, 37.
ibilations, 560.
udgment, day of, foretold, 157.
ulius, Bishop, 273, 274.
ulius, Pope, 514.
Kelembn, E., verses to, 363.
Kohari, Count Stephen, pane-
gyric on, 366 ; a long acros-
tic, 368.
Kollonics, A., 547.
Korland, W., dies at six in
evening, 138.
Krumpfer, a bell-founder, 567.
Kunmken, J., nuptial verses,
357-
Labyrinth Chronogram, 73.
Labyrinth square, 494.
Ladislaus, King of Bohemia,
abdicates, 144.
Ladislaus, King of Hungary,
died, 150, 151.
Lambertus Pevee on the AVE
maria, chronograms by him,
„ 495» 49&
Landau, siege of, 179.
Landrechie, siege of, 80.
Langham, Elizabeth, 9.
Last day foretold, 157 ; alluded
to, 8.
Last words of a dying Prior,
122.
Leenheer, author, 560, 561.
Leipzig, Swedes defeated at,
394; Austrians defeated at,
394-
Leipzig University, 342.
628
INDEX.
Lemmens, J., on his being
elected member of a society,
T 374-
Leonine verses, 160, 303.
Leopold 1., bis three wives,
162; his election as emperor,
163 ; he marries Margaret,
164 ; succeeds Ferdinand,
165 ; his second wife Claudia,
166; chron- anagrams on,
157, 166; panegyric chrono-
grams, 168 ; verses to, 377 ;
victory at Buda, 153 ; euio-
gies to, 43$.
Leopold, infant son of Charles
vi., 180-184; toe order of
the Golden Fleece conferred
on him, 183; a volume of
thirty-four panegyrics by the
Jesuits, 185-197; he is de-
signated as Leopold 11., 185,
189 ; he is called ' cunctator,'
185, 193.
Leopold !i.. Emperor, and the
Netherlands peace congress,
533-
Leopold William, Archduke,
35*'
Leopold William, governor of
the Netherlands, panegyric
°n» 78. 351'
Leovitius, C, mathematician,
14a.
Lepanto, battle of, 569, 570.
Lersner, applause to, 544.
Lessus Gallicus, a curious tract,
117.
Lewatte, A., Abbot, 108.
Lewis vi. of Bavaria, 361.
Lewis viii., Count of Flanders,
123.
Lewis
of
viii., Landgrave
Hesse, 46, 224.
Lewis viii. of France, 122.
Lewis, Count Palatine, 564.
Lewis, King of Hungary, 514-
516.
Lewis, the young King of Hun-
gary, killed in battle, 147.
Lewis of Wurtemberg died, 525.
Lex, Grex, Rex, Res, etc., 160.
Lightning, church tower struck
during service time, 620.
Liliendael, 60.
Lipsky, J., Bishop of Cracow,
302.
Little Braxted church, 586.
Livre des prestres, 591.
Locre, F. de, author, 121.
Logogryph verses, 86, 243, 245,
258, 264, 266, 506, 507.
London, the fire of, 473.
Long words, 557.
Lotharius, Bishop of Mayenoe,
268, 283.
Louis. Set Lewis.
Louvain, canal at, opened, no,
53°-
Low, Doctor, eulogium of, 436.
Ludicrum chiromanticum Prae-
torii, a book, 473.
Ludovicus, son of Wladislas,
King of Hungary, born, 144.
Ludwig of Hesse, 224.
Lunseus, M., died, ex vita
emigravit, 148, 149.
Luneburg, chronogram at, 43.
Lupacius, P., chronicle, 134.
Lusus chronogram rnaticus, 318.
Luther, 343, 344, 468, 515, 519.
Lycophron. 5« C.C.GC.C.C.
Magdeburg, siege of, 519;
surrender of, 519.
Magna et usque, 411.
Mains. See Mayence.
Makal, a bell-founder, 567.
Malines. See Mechlin.
Marburg in Styria, chrono-
grams at, 47, 48.
Maroellus, Pope, 520.
Marcus of Aviano, a monk
noted for his miraculous
power, 313.
Margaret, Countess of Artois,
123.
Margaret of Spain marries
Leopold 1. , 164.
Margaret, wife of Gustavus,
died, 130.
Maria Antonja, governess of the
Netherlands, 80.
Maria Christina, 82.
Maria, daughter of Charles v.,
born, 143, 144 ; married, 148.
Maria, daughter of Maximilian
11. , born, 145.
Maria Paradoxica vita sancti
Caroli Borromsei, 458.
Maria Theresia, eulogium of,
436, 466.
Maria virgo sob's, 560.
Marshall, chronogram on the
name, 8.
Martin, St., of Tours, 46.
Mary 11. of England, 30.
Mary Queen of Scots, 524.
Matnias, Archduke, bom, 139.
Matilda Teuffel, 273.
Matthias 11. , King of Hungary,
crowned, 153, 158.
Maximilian 1. proclaimed, 140 ;
died, 137.
Maximilian 11. crowned, 148;
died, 149.
Maxim ilian 11 . , King of Poland ,
5*2» $*3-
Maximilian, Archduke of Aus-
tria, elected king of Bohemia,
138.
Maximilian Emanuel of Bava-
ria, 72, ao6, 579.
Maximilian of Austria married,
124 ; and his wife dies, 124.
Maximilian, son of Ferdinand,
marries Maria, daughter of
Charles v., 148.
Maximilian, son of Maximilian
11., born, 149.
Mayence, archbishopric of,
268; Bishops of, 57, 346;
chronograms at, 57, 269, 270 ;
University, 329.
Mazarin, 33, 59a
Mean, Prince de, Archbishop of
Mechlin, numerous chrono-
grams, 99-103. 539.
Mechlin, various epitaphs at,
58-60; king of France ascends
tower, 59 ; Beguinage at, 60 ;
James Boonen, Archbishop,
88, 107 ; various other pane-
gyrics, 90, 96, 99-103; Beiges,
Archbishop, 529 ; Saint Ku- ,
mold, 536.
Medicus moriens, 11.
Meditationes emblematica?,
etc., 57a
Melanchthon, 43, 344, 520.
Melchior, Bishop, 273.
Melissaeus, epitaph of, 150.
Melissus, poems by, 569.
Membury church, 2.
Mestecenus, H., priest, died,
149.
Metamorphosis angelica, 591.
Meurant, H., no.
Meyer, J., pastor, 34*
Michael, a bell-founder, 568.
Michalovicius, J., died, 139.
Militia Immaculatse concep-
tionis Virginis Marise, a
book, 482.
Miraculous Hosts, the, 113.
Mosstus thorus archiducalis,
when the Archduke died on
the day of his marriage, 184.
Monasteries in Flanders,
various date verses, 618, 619.
Monasteries in Germany, 306.
Monastery of Oliva, 399; of
Ober-alt-aich, 311.
Monastery in Bavaria, date
verses, 620.
Monk, a reprobate, becomes a
saint, 315 ; possessed a mira-
culous power, 313.
Mons in Hainault, 6a, 63.
Morini, the country of, 1261
Morosini, Venetian admiral,
380,40a.
Moulenbay, G., no.
MUller, an engraver, 568,
MUnster, 44, 45 ; taken by the
French, 159 ; siege of, and
INDEX.
629
end of the Anabaptist ' king-
dom/ 5x7 ; Francis, Bishop
of, 257; Bishop and licen-
tious clergy; 131.
Mystere de la croix, 551.
Nkpomuk, St. John, 426 ; a
prayer to, 452.
Netherlands, some affairs, 526.
Netherlands. See Governors of.
Nt^w avofifffULra fnj flora*
o$w, 477.
Noises in the streets, 560.
Novitas appensa, etc., MB*
Novus annus Leopoldi, an
applause at Wteburg Uni-
versity, 322.
Number 066 of the beast, 8,
465. 467. 468. 469. 4s!* 602.
Nuptial verses and funeral
orations, 356.
Nuremberg, conflagration
caused by tobacco, 570.
Oak thee, i.e. Ober-alt-Aich
monastery, 311, 3x2.
Ober-alt-Aich, 6x6; monastery,
311 ; costly relics there, 3x4 ;
all things become new there,
3x4 ; a reformed monk there,
3*5-
Ober-Ursel, chronograms at,
4'. 42.
01dendorp,J., 347.
Oliva monastery, 399.
Olmtttz, Bishop of, 253 ; Leo-
pold festival at, 187.
Olympius olim in Grsscia at
Wursburg University, 329.
Orpheus, J., died of the plague,
his epitaph verses, 149.
Osnabruck, chronogram at, 43.
Ostendana Francorum clades,
Oxford and Cambridge Univer-
sities, 13, 14, 24.
Oybin monastery, 55.
P, alliterations on the letter, 157.
P, alliterative address. 95.
Paderborn, Bishop of, and in-
scriptions, 2«.
Palindrome, Nt^w, etc., 477.
Palma setatis quaternse, 367.
Palmistry, 474, 475.
Paludanus, J., 105.
Papa pariens, alliteration, 157.
Parma baptistery, 621.
Parnassi bicipitis, a remarkable
panegyric on Albert and Isa-
bella, 64-77.
Paul in., Pope, dies, 519.
paX non erit paX, etc, 57a
Peace congress of 1791, 533.
Peasant war, 159, 516.
Pell, John, in Switzerland, 32 ;
chronograms preserved by
him, 34.
Pennalismus, a game, 559.
Perennot. See Granville, 345.
Persian ambassador, 350.
Perwick, Susanna, 9.
Pesth occupied by the Turks,
147.
Peter Leopold, Emperor, 533.
Peter Philip, Bishop, 277.
Petrus de Trond, broadsheet
congratulation, 541.
Philip, King of Spain, 516.
Philip 1. of Spain, his birth,
118 ; his death, 513.
Philip II. of Spain, 126.
Philip in. of Spain, death of, 75.
Philip iv. of Spain, 76.
Philip Adolphus, Bishop, 276.
Philip Carl, Bishop of May-
ence, 346.
Philip, Duke of Burgundy, 62.
Philip, Marquis of Baden, 352.
Philip of Flanders, Prince,
dies from cold drink, 125.
Philip the Bold, of Burgundy,
123-
Philip the Good, of Burgundy,
124.
Phosphorus in hespero, Leo-
pold panegyric, x88.
Phosphorus, sive Stella mutu-
tena, a panegyric, 90.
Physician, Hussinecius vir
bonus et medicus, dies of
the plague, 146.
Piccolomini, a play on the
name, 384,
Plausus Parnassi apparatus,
Pochet, J., works by, 502, 505.
Podiebradius, magnincus do-
minus, born, 141.
Poemata chronometra,etc. , 591 .
Poland, many chronograms on
the affairs of, 128-133.
Poland, Apollo heroicus, 399.
Portraits, 350, 572.
Portuguese language, a re-
markable chronogrammatic
work in, 443-456*
Post-office at Augsburg, 182.
Potter, F., on the number 666,
6ix.
Prsemylsus, prince of Bohemia,
*37-
Praetorius, J. , works of, 465-481.
Prague, conflagration, eclipse,
comet, and hot weather, 142 ;
church of St. Vitus restored,
etc., 140, 165 ; University
founded, 141 ; Jews slain at,
6x6.
I Prideaux, G. F., name, 7.
Printer addresses the reader in
verse to excuse errors, 391.
Procopius Lupacius, chronicle,
*34-
Proxenus, S., celebrated pro-
fessor of law, died, 151.
Pure chronograms, 291.
Puzzle lines, 508.
QUAINT DATE VERSES, 6l2.
Qu'etoit qu'un Due de Brabant,
a tract with chronogram, 571.
Quentin, St., the French de-
feated at, 127, 520.
Quintinopolis (St. Quintin), the
French defeated at, 127.
Radivilus, N., confirms the
true religion inWallachia, 131.
Radkowa died at Prague, 15a
Radziwil, Barbara, crowned
Queen of Poland, and soon
after dies, 13a
Ramus, P., 047.
Red snow fell, 138.
Reformation festivals, 47.
Reimann, C, pastor, 346.
Reiner, an artist, 568.
Reius, N., a Lithuanian poet,
131.
Religion in France made free,
521.
Renunciation of Roman for the
Lutheran, a curious epistle,
55i-
Reynell, L., epitaph, 3.
Rhetorum Cotlegu Sc Adrian!
poesis, 106.
Rhodes taken from the Turks,
Rlfco CeCI CVnICVLVM,
59*-
Roelofs, C, 107.
Roelofs, J., anagram, 109.
Rome taken by Charles Bor-
bonius, 126.
Rosarium Sanctse Virginis, 106.
Rosary, the, a remarkable
Portuguese work, 442.
Roselius, R., marriage, 360.
Rubenzahl, a work by Praeto-
rius on witchcraft, etc., 478,
479-
Rudolph, son of Maximilian n. ,
born, 143, 145 ; declared
King of Bohemia, 147 ;
crowned, 148, 158.
Rumold, Saint, festival at
Mechlin, 596.
Rural dean, the, 5.
Ruremond, William, bishop of,
his funeral oration, 528.
Sacrament Robbery, 113,
«4. 543. 6x6.
630
INDEX.
Saints in Calendar, 4x4.
Saints, thirty-six, festival at
Antwerp, 582.
Samson emblematical of a
powerful abbot, 307.
Sapphic verses, 337, 246.
Satyrus etymologicus, a work
by Praetorius, 478.
saVL qVID Mb, etc., 157.
Saxon Qironicle, 128, 341.
Scheldt frozen over, 127.
Schellenberg, C, nuptial
verses, 357.
Schlachter, an engraver, 568.
Schmidternus, G., epitaph of,
Schreiter, C. D., doctor, 346.
Schvanberg, baron, died, 144.
Schwenter, author, 563.'
Scotch churches in Germany,
57» 58«
Scrope, Lord, curious enigma,
10.
Sebastian, King of Portugal,
S23.
Serio-jocosse narratiuncufee,
434.
Serpentine verses and logo-
$ryphs, 86.
Ihillingfoi
Shillingford church, a.
Sibyl, wife of John, Elector,
and John himself, die, 520.
Sibyls, the Persian, and others,
71,7a.
Sictor, J. , chronograms by, 393.
Siege of Vienna, 149, 376, 516.
Sigtsmund, King of Poland,
£14 ; agrees to peace, 128 ;
his daughter Isabella marries
John, King of Hungary, 129 ;
the early death of Sigismund,
130 ; begins to reign, 15x4.
Silken necklace for the vezier,
Silver spade, 530, 531.
Silver shrine or image pre-
sented by Bishop Grienen-
clau, 274, 278.
Simeomo, Abbot, acrostic
verses and applause, 58a
666, the number, 8, 465, 467,
468, 469, 481, 60a.
Sixteenth century events, 5x2.
Snow of red colour, 138.
Sobieski, John, 401.
Sol oriens, a congratulation to
A Duke Ferdinand on birth of
son, Maximilian Emmanuel,
306.
Solipan, the word explained^.
Solyman, the terrible Sultan,
besieged Vienna, 5x6 ; died,
Sophia Elizabeth, Duchess of
Brunswick, 313.
Sophia, Landgravine of Hesse,
i59>
Spalatini, a theologian, 569.
Span, L., doctor, died, 139.
Spanish Armada, 158.
Spanish language, chronogram
in, 398.
Spanish succession war, curious
verses on, 397, 398.
Spanoge, Abbot of Scaldim,
92.93-
Spinola captures Breda, 77.
Spinosa, Carlo de, episcopus
Tricalensisand Mechlin, 96 ;
Antwerp, 94, 577.
Sporck, Bishop (Joannes Ru-
dolphus), author of a remark-
able work entirely in chrono-
gram, 427, 592; chrono-
grams on himself, 439, 440 ;
his artistic works, 568.
Sporck, J. J., 347.
Square arrangement of chrono-
grams, 73, 2x2, 494.
Stade, near Hamburg, 52.
Stanford le Hope church, 3,
S87.
Steere, Abbot, at Antwerp,
105.
Stella pastoritia, a panegyric,
91.
Stephen, King of Poland, 133,
524.
Stephen, Prince of Wallachia,
dies, 128.
Stern, J., congratulation, 356.
Stevens, H., his catalogues,
589-
Sugelius, poet, died, 521.
Stomach, pains in, 364.
Stralsund, 55, 56.
Strasburg university founded,
518.
Straubelius, A., nuptial verses,
357-
Streithagen, A., chronograms
by. 59*-
Stroobant, J., edition of the
Sacrament robbery, 1x5.
Style, old and new, 523, 524.
Subtraction, date indicated
by, 571.
Sulyman, the Sultan of Turkey,
repulsed at Vienna, 149.
Swada Polska, a book, 563.
Syboldus, J., 350.
Sylvanus, J., died, 138.
Tabor, town wickedly burnt,
147 ; battle near, 395.
Tachu, town burnt, 149.
Tackius, work by, 226.
Tarnau, a senator, 569.
Tax, Philip, panegyric on, 90.
Tea, afternoon, 585.
Tekeli, E., verses against, 389.
Temesvar, siege of, chrono-
grams and anagrams, 396.
Templum honoris, a pane-
gyric, 258.
Teruanum, Therouanne, chro-
nograms at, 50; besieged
and taken, 126.
Teuffel, i.e. Devil, a person of
that name, 273, 284.
Theatrum stultorum, 561.
Theodor, Bishop of Paderborn,
Thesaurus chiromantise, a book
by Praetorius, 473.
Things to be avoided, 437.
Thirty Years' War, 570 ; vari-
ous battles, 392-395.
Thom, D., on the number six
hundred and sixty-six, 609.
Thunderbolt falls, 523.
Ticino, battle of, 125.
Title-pages in chronogram,
188, 192, 194, 195, 3*7. 4".
419, 430, 591.
Tobacco the cause of a con-
flagration, C70.
Torok, epitaph on, 365.
Tour et Tassis, epitaphs, 546.
Trebnitz, chronogram at, 53.
Tree at Hampstead, 6.
Trinobantiadopolitani, 558.
Trismegistus iEgyptius, a
panegyric, 89.
Triumphus novem sseculorum,
panegyric on Leopold I.,
x68.
Tuba cornea, a panegyric on
Bishop Horenbeke, 91.
Turks defeated at Buda, 154 :
the dead thrown into Dan-
ube, 156; 80,000 perished,
149 ; chron-anagrams on
defeat of, x66, 167; bitter
chronograms against them,
166, 167; military com-
manders, verses against
them, 389.
Two young lions, verses to,
381.
Tyrnau burnt for spite, 53.
Ulnbr, P., Abbot of Berg,
310. •
Ulrich, J., an aged priest, a
cabala on, 353.
Universities—
Wurzburg, 317, 317.
Mayence, 329.
Witteberg, 333.
Dantzig, 334.
Giessen, 338.
Utrecht, 342.
Altorf, 330.
Halle, 334.
J
Universities— <w*/x***^—
Basle, 335.
Leipzig, 342.
Prague, 141.
Strasburg, 518.
Marpurg, 224.
Unterholzerr S. , 347.
Utrecht University, 342.
Valenciennes, siege of, 113.
Vaux, J. E., 5.
Venetian naval exploits, 70;
naval commanders, 386,
402.
Vergerius, Pope's fierce legate,
accepts the reformed religion,
and dies, 521.
Verheyen, P., 347.
Vesalius, anatomist, 514.
Vienna, siege of, 149, 376, 516 ;
city of, architectural work
with engraved title and
chronogram, 391 ; chrono-
grams at, 52.
Vinarius, A., 346.
Virgin widow of the Archduke
of Austria, 184.
Viriherus, A., pun on his
name, 348.
Vizer, V., a clergyman, verses
to. 365.
Vondel the Dutch poet, 532.
Vota chronographica, 592.
Vota syncharistica, 353.
Votum chronologicum, 337.
Vrientius, epigrams, 534.
Wabkuschius, G., dies,
leaving his property to
schools, 146.
Wachtendonk, J. van, Bishop
of Namur, 105.
Warren, D., epitaph, 3.
Wavre besieged and destroyed,
80.
INDEX.
" Wedding present chronogram,
Weimar, chronogram, 52.
1 Weingarten, J., author of
Fiirsten-spiegel, 164.
I Weinhin, a man of note, 346 ;
anagram on/ 346.
I Wellens, Bishop of Antwerp,
I 576.
Welsh language, chronogram,
11.
Welwyn church, 4, 5.
Wenceslaus m. of Bohemia is
hated and assassinated, 165.
Wenceslaus vi., King of Bo-
hemia, died, 146.
Wenceslaus, the blind king,
benefits a church, 165 ; and
see also 140.
Wenceslaus, Archduke, 140.
Wenceslaus, Saint, a prayer to,
433.
Westen, J. R. (Westenius), his
marriage and his death, 359,
565.
Westminster Assembly, 608.
What manner of child shall
this be? 187.
Where's Eliza? 346.
White Hill, Prague, battle,
Widdecombe-in-the-Moor, 4.
Wild, C, death, and acrostic,
[emaers, P., chronograms
by, 59*
William 11. , Landgrave of
Hesse, 229.
William hi., battle of the
Boyne, 29 ; various chrono-
grams, 30 ; death of his
queen, Mary, 31.
William Charles Henry Friso,
Prince of Orange, 119 ; a
long anagram on, 119, 120 ;
W?uelr
WJ
631
marries Princess Anne of
England, 120.
William the Silent, assassina-
tion of, 12a
Wilshere.Mr., chronograms by,
5.585, 586, 632, and title-page,
ine, thanks for a present of,
Winepaher, M., calendar by,
411, 592.
Wits, William, 107.
Witteburg University founded,
513 ; disputations there, 333.
Wladislaus, Prince of Bohemia,
Wolborough church, 3.
Wolf, J. G, acrostic on his
name, 349.
Wolfenbtittel, chronogram at,
53.
Wolfgang, Bishop of Olmiitz,
353-
Women, bad qualities of, 161,
438 ; talking and chattering,
393-
Wratislaus, the first King of
Bohemia, crowned, 145.
Wratislaus a Pernstein, 144.
Wrissberg, L., 348.
Wulffer, D., 348.
Wiirzburg, Bishops of, 46, 271,
286; University applauses,
317-339 5 epitaphs, 282 ;
chronicle of diocese and
Bishops of, 271.
YSPERELLE, M. VAN, 109.
Zerbst, chronogram, 53.
Zittau, dock, church, etc., 54,
55; town burnt, 157.
Zodiac, the signs of, 136, 414.
Zoilus, address to, 236, 243,
363.
Zschoka, S., 348.
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