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Harvard  College 
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FROM  THE  FUND  OF 

HARRIET  J.  G.  DENNY 

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CHRONOGRAMS  CONTINUED 
AND  CONCLUDED. 


Charles  VI  Emperor  of  Germany,  and  his  infant  son  Leopold. 

See page 183. 


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CHRONOGRAMS 
CONTINUED 

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more  than  5000  in  number 

a  Supplement- Volume  to 

'CHRONOGRAMS' 

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By  JAMES  HILTON,  RS.A. 

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HEN  the  former  volume  of  this  work  was  published 
(in  the  year  1882),  it  was  thought  that  the  subject 
of  chronograms  was  practically  exhausted ;  con- 
tinued research,  however,  has  proved  otherwise,  by 
bringing  to  light  much  interesting  material  which 
was  previously  hidden,  and  even  unknown  to  the 
modern  bibliophile.  It  may  now  be  said  with  confidence  that  the 
present  volume  and  its  predecessor  form  a  collection  in  its  way 
unique,  but  complete  so  far  only  as  regards  my  own  contribution  to 
the  indication  of  this  by-path  of  literature,  which  remains  open  to 
others  who  may  have  time  and  inclination  to  pursue  it.  The  experi- 
ence of  past  research  plainly  teaches  that  more  chronograms  remain 
to  be  discovered.  The  way  to  many  of  them  is  indicated  in  the  chapter 
on  '  Books  not  accessible '  in  the  later  pages  of  this  volume,  while  it  is 


k      »  ' 

vi  PREFACE. 

certain  that  careful  observers  who  may  wander  among  the  libraries 
and  buildings  of  Continental  towns  and  rural  districts,  will  be  in  the 
way  of  commencing  a  new  collection,  by  securing  many  yet  unpub- 
lished chronograms.  My  own  experience,  on  but  one  occasion,  is 
related  for  an  example,  in  a  chapter  at  page  37,  infra. 

The  present  volume  is  devoted  principally  to  the  literature  of 
chronograms,  and  introduces  the  reader  to  many  choice  works  not 
noticed  by  bibliographers ;  it  shows  generally  that  the  art  of  compos- 
ing chronograms  attained  its  greatest  development  in  the  Flemish 
provinces  and  in  the  central  part  of  Germany,  extending  also  into 
Austria,  Bohemia,  and  Hungary.  As  to  other  countries,  Portugal  is 
represented  by  one  remarkable  example, '  The  Rosary/  and  it  may 
be  assumed*  that  this  work  is  not  a  solitary  production.  France 
contributes  comparatively  few  examples,  and  they  apparently  came 
through  Flemish  or  Burgundian  channels.  Italy  seems  never  to  have 
produced  or  cultivated  chronograms.  England  is  imitative  rather 
than  original  in  following  the  art  once  so  popular  on  the  Continent 
Of  Spain,  and  other  countries  not  specially  mentioned,  I  have  met 
with  no  chronogrammatic  literature ;  that  field  is  yet  to  be  explored. 

Investigation  has  led  to  no  fresh  knowledge  on  the  antiquity  of 
chronograms.  In  my  former  volume,  at  page  536, 1  give  one  in  the 
Hebrew  language  of  the  year  1208,  the  earliest  of  any  that  I  have 
yet  encountered.  There  are  questionable  examples  in  Latin  of  the 
year  12 10  (at  page  571,  infra)  and  of  the  year  1382  (at  page  12  of 
Chronograms),  but  it  is  not  until  about  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth 
century  that  we  can  feel  safe  in  accepting  any  as  genuine.  Indeed, 
none  can  be  taken  as  contemporaneous  with  the  event,  without  some 
sort  of  evidence  as  to  when  they  were  first  written  or  printed  ;  a  great 
many  were  composed  long  afterwards ;  for  instance,  there  is  a  book 
mentioned  at  page  449  of  my  former  volume,  containing  a  series  of 
chronogram  dates,  from  the  creation  of  the  world  down  to  4028 
of  that  era  (all  in  Latin !),  but  made  about  A.D.  1 594 ;  others  are 


K 


I 


PREFACE.  vii 

specified  at  page  547,  ibid.;  one,  for  instance,  of  the  dates  1004- 
1012  composed  as  late  as  1612.  A  genuine  manuscript,  or  an  early 
printed  book,  is  good  evidence  of  its  own  antiquity,  but  it  cannot 
determine  that  of  any  chronograms  it  may  contain  ;  all  early  ones 
are  otherwise  questionable. 

Anagrams  and  acrostics  are  found  to  be  intimately  associated 
with  chronograms,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  chapters  on  the  '  Angelic 
Salutation,'  the  AVE  MARIA,  and  that  remarkable  Portuguese  work, 
1  The  Rosary,'  already  mentioned ;  the  chapter  on  the  application 
of  chronogram  numerals  to  the  interpretation  of  the  mystic  number 
666  brings  together  much  curious  illustrative  matter;  the  chapter 
on  Hebrew  chronograms  (at  page  599,  infra)  presents  a  notable 
instance  of  the  attempted  use  of  the  acrostic  equally  to  support  and 
contradict  a  particular  interpretation.  All  these  instances  point 
to  one  result,  namely,  the  insufficiency  of  the  methods  when  used  in 
controversy ;  at  the  same  time  they  form  a  curious  appendage  to 
the  study  of  chronogrammatic  literature. 

The  extent  to  which  the  number  666  has  been  trifled  with  in 
chronogram  may  be  seen  also  in  the  chapter  devoted  to  a  descrip* 
tion  of  the  works  of  that  eccentric  German  writer  Johannes  Praetorius, 
commencing  at  page  465,  infra. 

A  glance  at  the  table  of  '  Contents '  will  afford  some  insight  into 
the  exceedingly  varied  application  of  chronograms. 

It  remains  for  me  now  to  draw  attention  to  the  curious  fact, 
that  chronograms  have  been  composed  at  great  length  by  blind 
authors.  This  is  evidenced  by  two  instances  mentioned  in  the 
present  volume.  .  Bishop  Sporck,  whose  works  are  mentioned  at  page 
427,  infra,  was  blind  for  many  of  his  latter  years,  during  which  he 
lived  in  retirement  at  Prague,  where  he  died  in  January  1759;  his 
chronograms  are  of  the  date  1754,  and  he  is  believed  to  have  com- 
posed them  as  a  pastime  in  the  period  of  his  blindness.  The  works 
of  Joannes  Bapt.  Agnensis,  described  at  pp.  483-495,  were  certainly 


viii  PREFACE. 

so  composed,  for  he  laments  his  calamity  of  blindness  in  pathetic 
words,  which  must  excite  the  sympathy  of  all  who  read  them,  at 
page  483,  infra.  He  is  there  said  to  have  composed  his  work 
through  the  power  of  memory  alone;  it  certainly  was  a  great 
achievement  to  master  the  composition  of  chronograms,  anagrams, 
and  acrostics,  unaided  by  eyesight. 

The  expression  of  dates  in  a  kind  of  doggerel  Latin  verse,  which 
was  in  use  during  a  long  period  concurrently  with  chronograms,  is 
the  subject  of  a  chapter  at  the  end  of  this  volume. 

I  am  much  indebted  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley  for  the  loan  of 
many  a  rare  'old  book/  not  otherwise  accessible  to  me,  from  his 
library,  as  well  as  for  information  where  others  could  be  found,  which 
have  added  greatly  to  the  varied  contents  of  this  volume,  and,  as  I 
hope,  have  increased  its  literary  value.  I  am  thankful  also  to  Mr. 
Wilshere  for  the  chronograms  on  my  title-page  and  colophon,  and 
for  his  other  contributions,  which  the  reader  will  find  by  consulting 
the  index. 

It  is  not  possible  to  reproduce  chronograms  here  in  the  varied 
and  charming  forms  of  the  old  type,  as  they  appear  in  the  original 
books.  I  have  consequently  printed  them,  as  in  the  former  volume, 
in  type  of  uniform  character.  The  illustrations  consist  of  facsimile 
copies  of  engraved  frontispieces,  title-pages,  portraits,  and  devices, 
belonging  to  '  old  books/  selected  to  illustrate  the  special  applications 
of  chronograms.     Some  are  exceedingly  curious.    The  head  and  tail 

I  =  1 
V,U=  5 
X  =  -10 
L  =  50 
C  =  100 
D  s  500 
M    =1000 


pieces  throughout  this  volume  are  selected  from  old 
examples,  many  of  them  having  been  reproduced  ex- 
pressly for  the  occasion.  The  Roman  numeral  letters 
used  in  the  composition  of  chronograms  are  only  those 
which  count  up  to  1000  (as  in  the  margin)  ;  the  charac- 
ters for  the  higher  numerals  are  not  required  for  this  , 
purpose.  The  other  old  Latin  alphabetical  numerals,  which  are 
used  in  '  Cabala/  may  be  seen  at  page  289  (and  at  other  pages  by 


PREFACE.  ix 

consulting  index) ;  they  come  from  still  older  alphabets.  The  Greek 
numeral  letters  may  be  seen  at  page  321,  and  the  Hebrew  at  page 
594,  all  in  this  volume. 

The  number  of  separate  books  and  tracts  from  which  the  contents 
of  this  volume  are  derived  is  about  240 ;  and  the  chronograms  now 
brought  into  notice  by  my  two  volumes  may  be  thus  summed  up — 

The  former  volume  contains 5,147 

And  the  further  number  referred  to,  but  not  transcribed 

from  the  books  therein  quoted, 5,614 

The  present  volume  contains 5,378 

And  the  further  number  referred  to  in  books  herein  quoted,        4,898 

21,037 

The  chapter  on  books  not  generally  accessible  affords  some  clue 

to  many  hundreds,  while  judicious  imagination  may  estimate  the 

possible  existence  of  thousands  that  are  in  store,  to  reward   the 

labour  of  future  research.  t   j^ 

60  Montagu  Square,  London, 
February  1885. 


I 


CONTENTS. 


Chronograms  in  and  concerning  England.  Epitaphs — Inscriptions — The 
hollow  tree  at  Hampstead— Oxford  and  Cambridge  University 
Gratulations,  etc. — Charles  I.,  verses,  etc. — Cromwell— William  in. 
and  Mary  II.,         .  .  .  .  i 

John  Pell,  Cromwell's  agent  in  Switzerland,  .  ....  32 

A  journey  in  Germany  in  search  of  Chronograms,    ...  37 

Local  Chronograms,  in  Germany,  Netherlands,  etc.,  ...  52 

Governors  of  the  Netherlands.    Albert  and  Isabella— Ferdinand— Leopold 

William — Maria  Antonia — Charles  Alexander— Maria  and  Albert,  64 

Flemish  Bishops  and  Church  Dignitaries.  Mechlin — Louvain — Ghent- 
Antwerp — Liege,   ........  88 

Miscellaneous  Gratulations,  etc.,  concerning  Flanders  and  Holland.  The 
poems  of  Canisius — Grammont  Monastery — Charles  Alexander  and 
the  Louvain  Canal — Mr.  Bex — Siege  of  Valenciennes— The  Sacra- 
ment Robbery — Lessus  Gal licus— Philip  the  Handsome— Charles, 
Prince  of  Orange,  .  .  .  .104 

Various  Chronicles.    The  Belgian  Chronicle— The  Saxon  Chronicle— The 

Bohemian — The  A.  B.  C.  Chronicle,        .  .  .  .  .121 

Emperors  of  Germany.    Leopold  1.— Joseph  1. — Charles  vi. — Leopold,  son 

of  Charles  vi.,        ........        162 

German  Dukes  and  Landgraves.  Ferdinand  of  Bavaria — Augustus  ©f 
Brunswick— Augustus  William  of  Brunswick — Carl  Theodor — Ludwig 
of  Hesse — George  n.  of  Hesse— William  n.  of  Hesse,  206 

German  Bishops.  Clement  Augustus  of  Cologne,  etc.— Paderborn— Joseph 
Clement  of  Cologne,  etc. — Wolfgang  of  Olmutz— John  Theodore  of 
Freising,  etc. — Gebhardt  of  Cologne — Francis  Arnold  of  Munster— 
Diocese  of  Mayence,  230 

Diocese  and  Bishops  of  Wurzburg  and  Bamberg.  Chronicles  by  Ignacius 
Gropp — Bishop    Frederick — Ebrach     Monastery— Bishop    Julius — 


Xll 


CONTENTS. 


Bishop  Johannes  Godefridus — Bishop  Peter  Philip— Various  epitaphs 
— The  Emperor  Joseph  I. — Bishop  John  Philip  Francis— Prince 
Wenceslaus — The  Devil  and  his  mother — Bishop  Christopher  Francis 
— Curious  dialogue — Bishop  Frederic  Charles, 

John,  Bishop  of  Cracow,  an  applauding  poem,  by  M.  Glosowicz, 

German  monasteries.    Amorbach — Berg — Ober-alt-Aich,    . 

German  and  other  Universities.  Wiirzburg,  Domus  sapientiae,  Corollas 
Majales,  Novus  annus,  Olympias  olim  in  Graecia — Mayence  Univer- 
sity, aula  honoris — Altorf  University — Witteberg — Halle — Dantzig — 
Basle — Votum  Chronologicum — Giessen,  and  George  n.  of  Hesse — 
Leipzig — Utrecht,.  ....... 

Some  distinguished  persons,   ....... 

Nuptial  Verses,  Funeral  Orations,  and  Complimentary  Poems.  Palma 
aetatis  quaternae — A  long  acrostic — A  Dutch  jocose  poem — A  Dutch 
congratulation,       ........ 

Miscellaneous  Chronograms  concerning  European  wars.  Siege  of  Vienna, 
and  complimentary  verses  to  all  the  military  leaders,  and  vituperative 
chronograms  on  the  enemy — City  of  Vienna  and  its  improvements— 
Thirty  Years'  War — Temesvar  in  Hungary— Expenses  of  the  war — 
The  Spanish  Succession  War,      ...... 

Poland.  Apollo  Heroicus  et  Lyricus.  Applause  and  gratulation  on  the 
peace  of  1660,        ...... 

A  Calendar  of  1726,  by  Michael  Winepaher, 

Bishop  Sporck's  work,  Cancer  Chronographice  incedens,    . 

The  Rosary,  Jardim  anagrammatico  de  divinas  flores  Lusitanas, 

Saint  Carlo  Borromeo,  history  in  chronogram, 

The  works  of  Joannes  Praetorius.  Anthropodemus  Plutonicus — Ludicrum 
chiromanticum  —  Bellerophon  vulnerandorum  —  Alectryomantia— 
Satyrus  etymologicus,  Riibenzahl — Gazophulaci  gaudium, 

The  Angelic  Salutation,  etc.,  Militia  Immaculatae  Conceptionis — Acrostica 
chronica,  sive  Litania  Chronogrammatica— Apollinis  spiritualis  ora- 
culum,  by  J.  Pochet,         .  . 

The  works  of  Jacobus  Pochetius,  or  Pochet.    Apollo  Spiritualis,  etc.,  - 

Events  in  the  sixteenth  century.     Seculum  vertens,  by  Johannes  Avianius, 

Some  Netherlands  affairs.  Count  de  Daun,  governor — Funeral  Orations — 
Creusen,  Bishop  of  Malines — Crux  Chronographica — Louvain  and 
Malines  Canal — The  Silver  Spade— Various  Dutch  Chronograms- 
Leopold  11.  and  the  peace  of  1790 — Epigrams  by  Vrientius — Saint 
Rumold  of  Mechlin— Broadsheets — A  Brussels  Jubilee, 

The  Frankfort  Chronicle  of  H.  L.  Lersner,    ..... 


271 

301 
306 


317 
343 


356 


376 

399 
410 
427 
442 

457 


465 


482 

505 
512 


526 
544 


CONTENTS. 


xni 


Some  curious  books.  The  Discalceate  Trinitarians — The  Jansenists— Le 
Mystere  de  la  Croix — A  Renunciation,    . 

Some  other  books  containing  chronograms.  Astraea  Judex — DacherSden— 
Long  words— The  Order  of  the  Garter — On  dice  and  gaming— On 
jubilations— Maria  Virgo  solis— A  B  C  Poems— Theatrum  Stultorum— 
Daniel  Schwenter — Frederick  Augustus  of  Poland — Funeral  Elegies— 
Bohemian  Artists — Various  Chronograms,  . 

Some  more  Flemish  Bishops  and  Church  Events.  Bishop  van  Gameren — 
Bishop  Wellens — Bishop  Spinosa — Abbot  Macarius  Simeomo — The 
thirty-six  saints1  festival,  . 

Some  Recent  Chronograms  in  England, 

Notes  on  Books  not  accessible, 

Hebrew  Chronograms, 

The  number  666, 

Dates  quaintly  expressed  in  Latin  verse, 

Index,    ..... 

Colophon  chronogram, 


547 


554 


572 

585 
589 

593 
601 
612 
623 
632 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


x  Charles  vi.  and  his  infant  son  Leopold,     . 

Time  writing  Chronograms, 
^  German  Post- Office  Couriers, 
N  The  Emperor  Leopold  I.  and  his  wife  Margaret, 
,/  Sol  Oriens,  Maximilian-Emmanuel, 
j  Duke  of  Hesse,  funeral  emblems  and  inscription, 
•   Silver  altar-piece  at  Wurzburg,  with  Chronograms, 
v  Chronogram  in  a. circle  (a  facsimile), 
V  Portrait  of  a  Persian  Ambassador,  with  Chronogram, 

A  title-page  to  '  Palma  aetatis '  (a  facsimile), 
y/  Emblematical  title-page  to  views  in  Vienna, 

A  title-page  to  i  Magna  et  usque '  (a  facsimile),    . 

A  title-page  to  '  Vere  et  insignis '  (an  imitation),  . 

A  title-page  to  '  Cancer  Chronographice '  (an  imitation), 
«  The  Silver  Spade.    2  Plates, 
\fthe  Belgian  Peace  Congress  of  179 1, 

Crux  Chronographica  (an  imitation), 

Astraea  Judex,  facsimile  of  a  page  of  print, 
\J  Portrait  of  Bishop  Gameren,  with  Chronogram,   . 

Head  and  Tail  Pieces  from  Antique  Originals,     . 


Frontispiece 

Preface 

to  face  page  182 

„    164 

„    206 

226 

„    274 

337 

to  face  page  350 

367 

to  face  page  392 

411, 

419 

430 

at  page  530 

to  face  page  534 

529 

555 

to  face  page  572 
passim 


ENGLAND. 


fT  the  commencement  of  a  book,  it  is  held  to  be 
good  policy  to  engage  the  reader's  attention  by 
an  attractive  sentence,  in  order  to  gain  his  favour- 
able perusal  of  every  page  which  is  to  follow,  even 
though  that  sentence  be  a  voluntary  tribute  from 
an  independent  writer.  My  previous  work  on 
'Chronograms'  published  in  1882,  was  noticed 
in  several  reviews,  and  among  them  the  following  appeared  in  the 
quarterly  periodical  The  Reliquary  for  October  of  that  year : — 

*  We  strongly  recommend  our  readers  to  at  once  order  this  book 
and  to  write  within  it ' — 

thIs  booke  of  ChronograMs. 

WIth  sharpest  Learning  fraVght, 

thIs  bVrIeD  year  of  eLLIot  stoCk 

I  boVght. 

Another  reviewer  in  Notes  and  Queries  concluded  his  remarks  at 

the  date  24th  February  1883  with  these  words — 

fareVVeLL  hILton,  )  = 

May  yoV  fLoVrIsh  eXCeeDIngLy.  J 

An  appreciative  reader  having  had  a  loan  of  the  book,  returned  it 
to  his  friend  with  a  note,  of  which  this  is  an  exact  copy ;  the  names 
are  genuine — 

thank  yoV  Mr.  gooDen 

for  the  Loan 

of 

thIs  reaLLy  CLeVer 

BOOK. 

f.  W.  pIXLey. 

1882. 

A 


1882 


1883 


1882 


v    1 

1 


2  ENGLAND. 

Here  are  three  chronograms,  and  good  ones,  because  they  fulfil  the 
leading  condition  in  the  composition  of  chronograms,  that  of  counting 
every  letter  that  can  be  used  as  a  numeral,  and  because  they  express  a 
meaning  appropriate  to  the  subject  and  agreeable  to  the  author  of  the 
book. 

And  here  I  take  the  opportunity  of  informing  all  readers  of  this 
present  volume,  that  it  is  needful,  and  unavoidably  so,  to  make 
frequent  reference  to  the  previous  work,  when  the  subject  under 
notice  will  derive  elucidation  from  a  comparison  of  the  two  works. 

Very  few  chronograms  are  to  be  found  in  English  churches ;  further 
research  has  brought  into  notice  only  the  five  which  follow:  the 
county  of  Devon  has  afforded  the  greatest  number  of  examples. 

In  the  church  of  Membury  in  Devonshire,  there  was  a  hatchment 
on  which  was  depicted  the  arms,  Argent  a  saltire  engrailed  between 
four  roses  gules  leafed  vert ;  and  beneath  it,  '  In  memoriam  Dominae 
Annae  uxoris  Johannis  Fry  de  Yearty  Devoniensis  armig:  quae  unica 
fuit  filia  Roberti  Naper  de  Puncknole  Dorcestriensis  armig:  Obiit  25 
die  Martii,  Anno  Dom:  1683,  aetat:  39. 

Chron : 
CceLVM  VXorI  pLb  DeVs  paraVIt.  =     1683 

Hie  Annae  corpus  dilectae  conditur  Vrna\ 

Quae  vivens  laeta  prole  beata  fuit, 
Felices  paucas  natura  ac  nomine  cernes, 
Anna  fuit  nomen,  Gratia  signet  idem.' 
The  memorial  is  to  Ann,  the  wife  of  John  Fry,  Esq.  of  Yearty.    The 
chronogram  and  verses  may  be  translated  thus  : — God  hath  prepared 
heaven  for  this  pious  wife.    In  this  tomb  is  hidden  the  body  of  the  beloved 
Anna,  who,  whilst  living,  was  blessed  with  joyful  offspring.     You  may 
discern  but  few  things  auspicious  both  by  nature  and  name.     Anna  was 

the  name,  let  Grace  mark  the  same  I 

■ 

In  the  church  of  Faringdon  in  Devonshire,  on  a  flat  stone  in  the 
floor.  (Observe  the  pun  conveyed  by  the  last  word  of  the  chrono- 
gram.) '  Here  lye  the  bodies  of  William  Bone,  Gent:  and  Grace  his 
wife  deceased  Oct:  6th  1658,  Feb:  18th  1653. 

a  Labore  et  MaLIs  \  =       6  g 

DeLIberantVr  bonI.  J  5 

The  broken  bones  that  here  lie  scattered,  shall 
Unite  and  grow  more  strong  when  God  doth  calL* 

In  Shillingford  church,  Devonshire,  a  gravestone  is  inscribed, 
'Here  lyeth  the  body  of  John  Bowridge,  spnne  of  Mr.   Thomas 
Bowridge  of  this  city  (*.*.  Exeter),  marchant,  whoe  dyed  ye  29th  daye 
of  June  anno  dm:  1648  jETAtis  sua 
Iohannes  boWreDge  MortWs  reVIXVrVs.  =     1648 

festo  d1vi  petri,  mdcxlviii.' 
i.e.  Bowridge  is  dead,  on  the  feast  of  St.  Peter  1648,  but  to  live  again  in 
Christ. 


ENGLAND.  3 

See  Polwhele's  History  of  Devon,  p.  116:  'As  there  is.no  age 
mentioned,  I  conjecture  that  the  three  i's  with  the  points  over  them 
point  out  the  age,  and  that  all  this  chronographic  stuff  is  about  a  child 
iii  years  old.' 

In  Wolborough  church,  Devon,  the  monument  of  Sir  Richard 
Reynel  and  Lady  Lucy  is  described  in  Polwhele's  History,  iii  488. 
The  inscription  is  long,  and  contains  some  elaborate  rhyming  and 
acrostic  verses,  accompanied  by  this  chronogram — 
for  the  reLIgeoVs  LaDy  LVCy  (onLy  VVIfe  of  ye  WIse  sIr 
rICh:  reyneL  knIght)  Who  Left  earth  on  yb  resVreCtIon 
Day.  apl.  18.  1652.  =     1652 

The  verses  commence  thus — 

Friend  you  that  read  our  Names  that  counsell  take 

Wch  wee  being  dead  our  living  Names  doe  speake. 

Richard  Lucie  Reynell 

Care  lern  live  dye  rich. 

(This  is  intended  for  an  anagram,  but  it  is  imperfect  as  to  one  letter 

in  each  line.) 

At  Hinton  church,  Gloucestershire,  four  of  the  bells  are  in- 
scribed— 

Me  renoVaVIt  gV:  CLark  IVssVbVs  )  6 

DaVId  warrenI  et  pro  VotIs  j  j  95 

/a  William   Clark  made  me  at  t/ie  commands  and  for  the  promise  of 
David  Warren. 

The  chronogram  is  faulty  because  one  letter  d  is  not  counted.  In 
1693  David  Warren  was  lord  of  the  manor.  Extracted  from  the 
Transactions  of  the  Exeter  Diocesan  Architectural  Society,  vol.  iv. 
series  2.  Four  similarly  inscribed  bells  are  said  to  be  at  Newbold 
Pavey,  Warwickshire. 

At  Barrow  Gurney  church,  Somersetshire.  My  friend,  Mr.  Thomas 
Kerslake  of  Bristol,  sends  this  chronogram,  which  appeared,  on  good 
authority,  in  a  local  newspaper  (The  Bristol  Times  and  Mirror,  5th 
August  1882).  It  is  not  in  Collinson's  topography  of  the  county. 
An  oval  monumental  tablet  to  one  of  the  Gore  family  is  inscribed — 

sapIens  MorIenDo  LVCratVr.  =     1662 

/.*.  A  wise  man  gains  by  dying. 

The  tower  of  Stanford-le-Hope  church,  in  Essex,  was  pulled  down 
some  years  ago,  and  is  now  rebuilt ;  the  Rev.  Ernest  Geldart  of  little 
Braxted  rectory,  near  Witham,  put  together  these  quaint  words  to 
mark  the  date — 

eCCe  tVrrIs  oLIM  strata  \ 

Deo  rVrsVs  eXornata  \  =     1883 

resonantI  VoCe  grata.  ) 

i.e.  Behold  this  tower  aforetime  laid  low. 
To  God  again  is  well  set  up, 

With  joyful  tone  resounding. 


4  ENGLAND. 

In  the  parish  church  of  Widdecombe-in-the-moor,  Devonshire, 
there  is  a  monument  to  the  memory  of  Mary  Elford,  whose  maiden 
name  was  Mary  Gale.  The  rhyming  inscription  is  of  itself  a  good 
specimen  of  epitaph  used  in  the  seventeenth  century,  and  is  especially 
curious  for  containing  an  anagram  on  her  name,  and  a  chronogram  of 
the  date,  which  also  gives  her  age,  and  mentions  the  cause  of  her  death. 
I  take  it  from  a  book,  Things  New  and  Old  concerning  tlie  Parish  of 
lVidecombe~in-th*moor9  by  Robert  Dymond,  F.S.A.,  1876. 
To  the  memorie  of  Mary  the  third  wife  of  John  Elford 
of  Shipstor,  Esqr.,  was  heer  interred  Feb.  ye  16,  A°  1642, 
Having  issue  at  a  byrth  Mary  &  Sarah. 
Wed.  poesie. 

AS  MARYES  CHOYCE   MADE  JOHN   REJOYCE  below 

Soe  was  her  losse  his  heauie  crosse  most  know 
Yet  lost  she  is  not  sure  but  found  aboue 
Death  gaue  her  life  t*  imbrace  A  dearer  loue 

Anagr.  <  mary  elford  f  <  fear  my  lord.  > 

Then  fear  my  lord  whilst  yet  yu  mou'st  on  mold 

That  so  those  armes  that  mee  may  thee  infold 

Neer  twelue  moneths  day  her  maridge  heer  did  pass 

Her  heauenly  nuptiall  consummated  was 

She  fertile  prou'd  in  soule  and  bodye  both 

In  life  good  workes  at  death  she  twyns  brought  forth 

And  like  A  fruitful  tree  with  bearing  dy'd 

Yet  Phoenix  like  for  one  there  two  suruiu'd 

Which  shortly  posted  their  deare  mother  after 

Least  sin's  contagion  their  poore  soules  might  slaughter 

Then  cease  your  sad  laments  I  am  but  gone 

To  reape  above  what  I  belowe  haue  sowne. 

A°  aetat  [  {  VIXIt  obIIt  sVperIs  =        25 


MarIa  gaLe  IohanmI  eLforD  VXor  tertIa  1 

heV,  obIIt  eX  pVerperIo  >  <  Erectum  fuit  A°  1650.  j  s 

At  page  6  of  Chronograms  the  authority  of  Notes  and  Queries 
(Series  5,  vol.  ix.  p.  337)  is  quoted  for  what  I  have  given  there ;  but  it 
is  incorrect,  my  authority  omits  the  word  eX,  leaving  the  resulting 
date  as  1632.  The  translation  is,  In  the  2$th  year  of  her  age  she  lived 
and  went  above.  Mary  Gale  the  third  wife  to  John  Elfora\  alas,  died 
from  childbirth^  1642.     [This  monument]  was  erected  in  1650. 

The  parish  church  at  Welwyn,  Hertfordshire;  shortly  after  the 
completion  of  the  aisle  (as  mentioned  in  my  book  Chronograms, 
page  8),  Mr.  C.  W.  Wilshere  made  a  generous  offer  to  restore  the 
whole  church,  principally  at  his  own  expense.  The  rector  and  par- 
ishioners imprudently,  as  it  was  thought,  declined  the  offer,  to  them 
it  was  non  placet,  and  nothing  more  was  done  in  the  matter.     About 


1642 


ENGLAND.  5 

the  same  time  Mr.  Wilshere  was  building  a  cottage  at  the  roadside 
boundary  of  the  Frythe  Park,  and  he  placed  over  the  doorway  a  stone 
tablet  inscribed  with  the  following  chronogram  to  mark  the  date  of 
that  building  by  an  allusion  to  the  above-mentioned  circumstance — 

anno  .  qVo  .  > 

eCCLesIae  .  paroChIaLIs  . 

aMpLIfICatIo  .  >=     1873 

reCtorI  .  et  popVLo  . 

non  .  pLaCVIt.  j 

i.e.  (This  cottage  was  built)  in  the  year  when  the  improvement  of  the 
parish  church  was  displeasing  to  the  rector  and  the  people. 

The  vicar  of  a  parish  well  known  to  me  (in  Bedfordshire)  was,  in 
the  year  1883,  appointed  by  the  bishop  to  the  office  of  rural  dean. 
In  order  to  perform  some  of  the  duties  thus  imposed  on  him,  he 
arranged  to  hold  meetings  of  the  clergy  three  times  a  year  at  his  own 
house,  and  to  offer  such  hospitality  as  would  support  them  on  their 
journey  back  to  their  respective  homes.  The  rural  dean's  son 
explained  these  laudable  plans  after  a  manner  consistent  with  his  own 
youthful  proclivities,  in  these  words — 

the  rVraL  Dean  Is  a  Man  of  great  skILL.  )  RR 

We  shaLL  noW  haVe  a  feast  thrICe  a  year.        /  ""  3 

The  same  youthful  composer  made  this  on  the  departure,  in  1882, 
of  the  occupants  of  an  old  inconvenient  house  in  the  city  of  London, 
which  was  to  be  pulled  down  to  allow  of  new  ones  to  be  built — 

ea  DoMVs  angVsta  et  qVoqVe  CasVra  )  __ 

nos  pLVs  abhInC  nesCIet.  j  "" 

i.e.  The  house  narrow  and  about  to  fall  will  from  henceforth  know  us  no 
more. 


A  broadsheet  (British  Museum,  press-mark  669.  f.  17)  contains  a 
well-executed  engraving  of  a  celebrated  ancient  hollow  elm-tree 
existing  at  Hampstead  in  Middlesex  in  1653,  the  year  when  the 
sheet  was  printed.  The  engraving  is  surrounded  by  sets  of  verses 
accompanied  by  chronograms,  written  by  various  contributors,  both 


1882 


Cornelius  Balbus  was  a  citizen  of  great  renown  in  ancient  Rome ; 
he  built  a  theatre  there  and  many  other  structures  to  embellish  the 
city ;  he  did  indeed  build  many  a  wall.  An  English  clergyman  has 
the  repute  of  following  in  some  of  the  ways  of  Balbus  by  the  erection 
of  tasteful  structures,  one  of  which  required  a  wall  for  its  protection. 
His  accomplished  architect  recorded  the  date  by  inscribing  thereon 
these  words — 

J.  e.  VaVX  ) 

aLter  ILLe  baLbVs  >=     1884 

MVrI  a  soLo  ConDItor.  j 

i.e.  James  Edward  Faux,  that  second  Balbus,  is  the  builder  of  the  wall 
from  the  foundation  (or  ground). 


P?r?* 


6  ENGLAND. 

in  English  and  Latin,  descriptive  and  commemorative  of  the  tree.  It 
is  curious  that  chronograms  should  be  found  in  a  place  so  unlikely  as 
a  volume  of  about  ninety  separate  sheets,  chiefly  political  and  legis- 
lative, from  the  year  165 1  to  1654;  a  mere  chance  brought  this 
particular  one,  No.  17,  to  my  notice.  The  title  and  some  extracts 
are  as  follows — 

THE  DIMENSION  OF  THE  HOLLOW  TREE  OF 
HAMPSTED.     (Sic.) 
aLto  Deo,  hospItI  et  aMICo.  =     1653 

for  the  LorD  anD  ChrIstIan  frIenDs.  =     1653 

aLto  DoMIno  aC  hospItI.  =     1653 

Deo  ter  optIMo  aC  hospItI  LiETO.  =     1653 

Then  follows  the  representation  of  the  tree  in  full  vigour  of  growth 
and  foliage,  with  a  kind  of  *  belvidere'  on  the  summit  and  several 
persons  in  it.  The  dimensions  are  thus  given : — '  The  bottom  above 
ground  in  compass  is  28  foote.  The  breadth  of  the  doore  is  2  foote. 
The  compass  of  the  turret  on  the  top  is  34  foote.  The  doore  in 
height  to  goe  in  is  6  foot  2  inches.  The  height  to  the  turret  is  33 
foote.  The  lights  into  the  tree  is  16.  The  stepps  to  goe  up  is  40. 
The  seat  above  the  stepps,  six  may  sit  on,  and  round  about  roorae 
for  fourteene  more.  All  the  way  you  goe  up  within  the  hollow  tree.1 
The  verses  which  immediately  follow,  '  Upon  the  Hampsted  Elme,' 
are  figurative  and  moral,  with  this  concluding  couplet — 

o  LorD  !  o  ChrIst!  keep  Me  In  thy  rIght  wayI       =     1653 
to  Die  to  sIn,  anD  DweLL  In  LIght  for  aye  !  =     1653 

Some  Latin  verses,  the  last  of  the  series,  conclude  with  this  chrono- 

®  ...  esto  saCrata  Deo  MIrabILIs  arbor  1  =     1653 

Parvis  arrideto.  Micans  Scintilla  fit  Ignis. 
The  last  line  contains  the  name  of  the  author  of  the  verses,  and  of 
two  other  sets,  which  are  respectively  signed  '  Scintilla.'  and  '  Sci  .  .  . 
Mic  .  .  .'  A  manuscript  note  indicates  the  name  as  '  Mic :  Sparks.' 
The  date  1653  occurs  several  times.  The  imprint  is,  '  London, 
printed  by  E.  Cotes  for  M.  S.  at  the  Blue  Bible  in  Green  Arbour, 
and  are  to  be  given  or  sold  on  the  Hollow  Tree  at  Hampsted.' 

It  is  mentioned  in  the  Transactions  quoted  below,  that  in  the 

library  of  the  Deanery  of  Westminster  is  a  contemporary  portrait  of 

Queen  Elizabeth.     At  the  right-hand  corner  is  this  inscription — 

VIVat  VInCat  regnet 

eLIzabetha 

ANGLIiE   FRANCliE  AC   HlBERNliE 

regIna  ^=     1579 

fIDeI  DefensatrIX, 
henrICI  8vi  regIs  f, 
anno  regnI  sVI  XXXVII0. 
Nata  vi.  Eid.  Sept  A°  $  1533  Grone.  I  nit.  Reg. 
The  word  '  Grone'  was  probably  intended  for  Greenwich,  where 
the  Queen  was  born* 


ENGLAND.  7 

This  picture,  dated  the  thirty-seventh  year  of  the  Queen's  reign, 
professedly  represented  her  when  approaching  the  age  of  sixty,  but 
the  countenance  is  that  of  a  person  of  less  than  half  those  years.  It 
has  been  much  repainted. 

(Extracted  from  the  Transactions  of  the  London  and  Middlesex 
Archaeological  Society,  vol.  ii.  p.  168,  for  the  year  1864.) 

As  to  the  chronogram,  it  makes  1579 ;  that  year  is  the  twenty-first 
of  the  Queen's  reign,  showing  something  wrong  in  the  inscription 
itsel£     The  thirty-seventh  year  of  her  reign  is  1595. 

Through  the  kindness  and  with  the  personal  help  of  the  Dean  of 
Westminster,  I  have  inspected  this  picture.  The  inscription  is  in  the 
left-hand  upper  corner  (looking  at  the  picture).  It  is  correctly  tran- 
scribed as  above,  except  that  the  letter  X  in  the  fifth  line  has  a  mark 
over  it  thus  X,  the  meaning  of  which  is  not  clear ;  if  it  doubles  the 
numeral  it  does  not  rectify  the  date.  The  letter  f  in  the  next  line 
stands  for  'filia.'  There  is  a  strong  doubt  whether  the  picture  is 
contemporary ;  it  is  even  thought  to  be  a  copy  not  a  hundred  years 
old  Perhaps  the  painter  was  ignorant  in  the  matter  of  chrono- 
grams, and  did  not  observe  the  confusion  of  dates;  or  perhaps 
the  inscription  was  added  by  the  hand  of  another  person  likewise 
ignorant 

A  copy  of  Morgan's  Sphere  of  Gentry \  folio  1661,  belonging  to 
Mr.  Tucker,  Somerset  Herald,  contains  a  plate  of  the  Royal  arms  (of 
Charles  11.),  with  this  inscription  at  the  foot — 

CaroLo  DeI  gratIa  fIDeI  DefensorI 

anno  restavrato.    d.d.d.clvuiii.  =     l66o 

The  following  is  from  Notes  and  Queries  for  30th  December  1882, 
page  535  :— 

'  Mr.  Hilton's  recent  work  on  chronograms  having  excited  some 
interest  in  this  special  branch  of  mental  ingenuity,  I  would  venture  to 
point  out  that  my  own  name,  in  Latin  form,  includes  the  date  of  my 
birth,  thus — 

gVILIeLMVs  franCIsCVs  prIDeaVXIVs.  =     1840 

Such  a  coincidence  as  this  must  be  sufficiently  rare  as  to  merit  a 
corner  in  Notes  and  Queries. 

Jaipur,  Rajputana.  W.  F.  Prideaux.' 

The  British  Museum,  'Add:  MS.  18044.  f.  79,'  contains  this  chro- 
nogram— 

MIhI  DeVs  LVX  et  saLVs.  =     1627 

The  almanacs  published  by  John  Booker,  during  many  years  of  the 
first  half  of  the  seventeenth  century,  commonly  bear  this  title:  'Celestiall 
calculations,  or  an  Ephemeris  of  the  motions  of  the  sun,  moon,  and 
planets  for  the  year  of  man's  redemption  by  Jesus  Christ '  [1658} — 
And  on  the  last  page,  '  And  till  the  next  yeare  farewell.  Thine,  J.  B.' 
The  title-page  concludes  occasionally  with  a  chronogram  motto  of  the 


8  ENGLAND. 

year ;  an  examination  of  a  series  of  about  thirty  years  has  disclosed 
the  following  : — 

VIVo  Deo  sIt  gLorIa,  paX  In  terrIs,  et 

hoMInIbVs  beneVoLentIa.    amen.  =     1638 

VIrtVs  DVM  patItVr,  VInCIt,  paX  postea  regnet.        =     1639 
aMbVLent  angLI  DILIgenter.  =     1658 

There  is  a  large  collection  of  almanacs  by  Booker  and  others  in 
the  Lambeth  Palace  Library,  bound  up  into  annual  volumes,  and  so 
issued  by  the  Company  of  Stationers. 

A  Puritanical  tract,  *  Zion's  joy  on  her  king  coming  to  his  glory/ 
By  Finiens  Canus  Vove.  Published  at  the  time  when  some  people 
believed  that  the  end  of  the  world  was  at  hand.  This  hexameter 
chronogram  is  on  the  title-page — 

MVnDo  In  reX  ChrIstVs  regnabIt  VerVs  et  VnVs.  =     1643 

i.e.  Christ  will  reign  in  the  world,  real  and  alone. 

A  broadsheet  in  the  library  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  London, 
date  1645,  No.  419,  commences  thus — 

Papa  Perstrictus.    Echo—  Ictus. 
.  .  .  Inutilis  olim.  .  .  .  Ridentem  reddere. 

Ne  videar  vixisse.  Vocem  aggredior. 

tV  ChrIste,  tV  sis  sVpreMVs.     DVX  In  VIIs.  =     1645 

A  poem  in  Latin  verse  follows,  printed  in  black  and  red,  showing  a 
clever  play  upon  the  termination  of  the  Latin  words  by  way  of  Echo, 
the  echo  being  printed  in  red ;  signed  at  the  end, 

Tuissimus  Alexander  Ross. 
The  whole  is  aimed  against  the  Pope  and  his  arrogance. 

About  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century  a  belief  prevailed  that 
some  catastrophe  would  happen,  such  as  the  end  of  the  world,  the  fall 
of  monarchies,  the  manifestation  of  the  mystic  number  666.  The 
reader  is  referred  to  Chronograms,  pp.  221,  222,  and  to  the  works  of 
Johannes  Praetorius  at  a  later  page  in  this  volume,  and  other  places 
further  on.  The  following  is  from  the  '  Diaries  and  Letters  of  Philip 
Henry,  M.A.,  1631-1696.'  Edited  by  M.  H.  Lee.  London,  1882. 
8°:— 

At  page  193,  totVs  MVnDVs  ConfLagrabIt.  =     1666 

i.e.  The  whole  world  will  burn.    The  chronogram  is  in  his  diary  for 
8th  September  1666,  and  therefore  quite  contemporary. 

The  following  is  at  the  foot  of  the  title-page  of  'Miscellanea 
Marescalliana,  being  genealogical  notes  of  the  surname  of  Marshall, 
collected  by  George  William  Marshal),  LL.D.' 

to  aLL  MarshaLLs  aLL  oVer  the  VVorLD  )  _ 

I  beqVeath  thIs  Work  gratIs.  J  ""     l8  3 

I  am  glad  that  the  accomplished  genealogist  has  thus  dated  one  of 
his  recent  literary  productions.  There  is  no  other  date  on  the  title- 
page. 


ENGLAND. 


A  little  book  setting  forth  the  praises  of  a  young  lady  in  1661 
(British  Museum,  press-mark  1418.  i.  32),  bears  the  following  title : — 
'  The  virgin's  pattern  :  in  the  Exemplary  life,  and  lamented  death  of 
Mrs.  Susanna  Perwich,  daughter  of  Robert  Perwich,  who  departed 
this  life,  every  way  a  rarely  accomplished  virgin,  in  the  flower  of  her 
age,  at  her  father's  house  in  Hackney,  near  London,  in  the  county 
of  Middlesex,  July  3,  1661.  Published  at  the  earnest  request  of 
divers  that  knew  her  well,  and  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  others/  etc., 
1 661.  The  epistle  dedicatory  is  signed  by  the  author,  John  Batchiler. 
She  is  described  as  being  exceedingly  accomplished  at  an  early  age, 
very  pious,  and  good.     She  died  at  the  age  of  25  years. 

At  page  107  there  are  some  acrostics  on  her  name,  and  at  page 
109  some  verses,  with  indifferent  anagrams  on  her  name  for  their 
subject 

Anagram  1. 

Susanna  Perwich. 

Sins  wan  chear  up. 
Anagram  2. 

Susanna  Perwich. 

Purchase  swan-in. 

Susanna  Perwiche. 
Ah  I  c  heav'n  pure  sun. 
Ah/  1c  see  now  {late  dim  half  moon) 
Bright  heaven's  pure  sun  in  'ts  glorious  noon. 
And  at  page  123  there  is  this  very  good  example  of  an  English 
chronogram — 

an  eLegIe  on  that  peerLess  VIrgIn  sVsanna 

perWICh,  paragon  of  aLL  VertVe,  the 

fLoVrIshIng  gLorv  of  her  seXe, 

Who  LateLy  DeCeaseD. 


}■ 


1661 


A  chronogram  occurs  on  page  209  of  an  8°  volume  bearing  this 
title,  '  Hrfovxui  xptoriavov';  a  Christian's  acquiescence  in  all  the  pro- 
ducts of  Divine  providence.'  A  sermon  at  the  funeral,  in  1674,  of 
Lady  Elizabeth  Langham,  wife  to  Sir  James  Langham,  knt.  By 
Simon  Ford,  D.D.  Printed  at  London,  1665.  At  the  latter  part  of 
the  book  there  are  several  sets  of  verses,  epitaph,  etc.,  by  various 
writers.  At  the  head  of  an  epigram  of  sixteen  lines  is  this  '  Chrono- 
gramma  — 

eLIsabetha  LanghaM  nobIsabLata  Deo  VIVIt.  =     1664 

i.e.  Elisabeth  Langham,  taken  from  us,  lives  with  God. 

There  is  a  copy  of  the  work  in  the  Bodleian  and  British  Museum 
Libraries. 

The  following  has  been  sent  to  me  by  Mr.  G.  Parker  of  the 
Bodleian  Library.    The  lines  are  a  curious  mixture  of  chronogram 

B 


io  ENGLAND. 

and  enigma.    The  chronogram,  however,  is  bad,  because  four  of  the 
letters  being  numerals  are  not  counted,  a  fault  not  unfrequent  in 
English  examples.      The  extract,  as  follows,   is  from   'ms.    RawL 
Letters,  i.  fol.   104.'    'From  a  letter  of  John  Anstis  to  Thomas 
Hearne,  dated  Putney,  7  January  172^.'     «  If  I  am  not  mistaken,  the 
Harley  Library  ascribes  a  book  in  prose  to  Elmham,  possibly  a  copy 
of  what  I  sent  you ;  but  there  is  his  History  of  Henry  v.  in  the 
Cotton  Library — Jul.  E.  4 — in  verse,  which  you  will  find  trouble  to 
explain.     I  give  you  an  instance  upon  the  treason  of  the  Duke  of  York, 
Henry  Lord  Scrope,  and  Thomas  Greye,  detected  at  Portsmouth — 
(a)  SCrVtVs  Conspirat  RiMatVr  OLkuCia  PLebi 
lb)  Rumpe  Jugo  COR  Aiens  Res  Dabit  Ultra  Sonum, 
lc)  EJA  Ruit  GenS  Avita  Malis  Opus  Hoste  Triumphat,  etc 

(a)  The  initial  letters  of  the  words  in  this  verse  make  scrop,  and  the 
numerals  are  CWCMVLCL.     1415.     M  CCC  LL  VVV. 

(b)  The  initial  letters  of  the  first  words  are  Richard,  and  Zorc  (for 
York  frequently)  by  changing  the  letters  in  COR,  and  adding  the 
Jugum,  that  is  Z.1 

\c)  The  great  initial  letters,  and  other  great  letters  in  this  verse  set 
together  and  read  backwards  make  Thomas  Graie.' 

[Instead  of  adding  to  these  explanations  of  the  riddle,  I  append  a 
passage  from  English  history.  Henry  v.,  who  began  his  reign  in  14 12, 
finding  that  the  affairs  of  France  were  in  great  confusion,  made  exor- 
bitant demands  of  concessions,  and  certain  conditions  were  offered  to 
him  by  France  which  he  rejected  At  the  same  time  he  was  making 
preparations  for  war  with  that  country,  and  assembled  his  forces  at 
the  seaside  for  embarkation.  The  history  of  the  year  141 5  then  pro- 
ceeds. '  But  while  Henry  was  meditating  conquest  upon  his  neigh- 
bours, he  unexpectedly  found  himself  in  danger  from  a  conspiracy  at 
home,  which  was  happily  detected  in  its  infancy.  The  Earl  of  Cam- 
bridge, second  son  of  the  late  Duke  of  York,  having  espoused  the 
sister  of  the  Earl  of  Marche,  had  zealously  embraced  the  interests  of 
that  family,  and  had  held  some  conferences  with  Lord  Scrope  of 
Masham,  and  Sir  Thomas  Grey  of  Heton,  about  the  means  of  recover- 
ing to  that  nobleman  his  right  to  the  crown  of  England.  The  con- 
spirators, as  soon  as  detected,  acknowledged  their  guilt  to  the  king, 
and  Henry  proceeded  without  delay  to  their  trial  and  condemnation. 
The  utmost  that  could  be  expected  of  the  best  king  in  those  ages  was 
that  he  would  so  far  observe  the  essentials  of  justice  as  not  to  make 
an  innocent  person  a  victim  to  his  severity ;  but  as  to  the  formalities 
of  the  law,  which  are  often  as  material  as  the  essentials  themselves, 
they  were  sacrificed  without  scruple  to  the  least  interest  or  conveni- 
ence.    A  jury  of  commoners  was  summoned ;  the  three  conspirators 

1  Thus,  the  initials  of  the  words  are  RICARDUS.  Then  change  the  second  initial  J 
into  Z,  and  change  the  place  of  the  C,  we  get  ZORC  as  it  was  •  frequently  written,'  making 
Ricardus  York.  The  letter  Z  is  called  the  'Jugum  '  by  etymologists.  Consult  a  modern 
Latin  dictionary. 


ENGLAND.  11 

were  indicted  before  them ;  the  Constable  of  Southampton  Castle 
swore  that  they  had  separately  confessed  their  guilt  to  him  ;  without 
other  evidence  Sir  Thomas  Grey  was  condemned  and  executed ;  but 
as  the  Earl  of  Cambridge  and  Lord  Scrope  pleaded  the  privilege  of 
their  peerage,  Henry  thought  proper  to  summon  a  court  of  eighteen 
barons,  in  which  the  Duke  of  Clarence  presided.  The  evidence  given 
before  the  jury  was  read  to  them.  The  prisoners,  though  one  of  them 
was  a  prince  of  the  blood,  were  not  examined  nor  produced  in 
Court,  nor  heard  in  their  own  defence,  but  received  sentence  of  death 
upon  this  proof,  which  was  every  way  irregular  and  unsatisfactory,  and 
the  sentence  was  soon  after  executed.  The  Earl  of  Marche  was 
accused  of  having  given  his  approbation  to  the  conspiracy,  and 
received  a  general  pardon  from  the  king.  He  was  probably  either 
innocent  of  the  crime  imputed  to  him,  or  had  made  reparation  by  his 
early  repentance  and  discovery.,] 

A  Welsh  Chronogram. 
There  are  a  great  many  editions  in  several  languages  of  the  '  Prac- 
tise of  Piety/  by  Bishop  Lewis  Bayly.  A  copy  in  the  British  Museum, 
in  the  Welsh  language  (press-mark  875.  c.  74),  to  which  the  date 
'1700?'  is  assigned,  has  this  title,  Yr  Ymarier  o  Dduioldeb  yn 
cyfarwyddo  dyn  i  rodio  fel  y  rhyngo  ef  Fodd  Duw.  The  last  few 
pages  have  been  cropped  by  the  binder,  that  one  which  would  other- 
wise be  numbered  343  has,  among  some  verses,  this 

Chronogramma. 
arfer  DUwIoLDeb  a  LafUrIaIs  I,  yn  oeD  IesIJ.         =     1620 
Neu  1620. 
This  is  the  only  chronogram  in  the  Welsh  language  that  I  have 
met  with.     (See  Bibliographer  for  Dec.  1883,  No.  25,  vol.  v.  p.  6.) 


%SL«wB|<»3K**|^L»wfiLi»jBK*%jK»»jK 


A  small  manuscript  book  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  Ad. 
mss.  15227.),  labelled  on  the  back  *  Miscell:  Poems  xvii.  Cent: ' 
was  probably  the  pocket  companion  of  a  wit  of  the  period.  It  is 
written  in  a  small,  very  neat,  but  occasionally  very  cramped  hand,  and 
the  ink  has  become  pale.  It  contains  poetry,  verses,  epitaphs,  epi- 
grams, and  jocose  rhymes  in  English  and  Latin,  with  anagrams  and 
some  chronograms.  In  my  book  Chronograms^  published  in  1882, 
at  page  17,  there  are  some  on  the  Kings  of  England;  the  same  are 
written  in  the  little  book  now  being  noticed,  and  these  additional  ones 
on  leaf  38,  in  very  faded  ink. 

Chronogrammata. 
1  In  Henricum  principem.' 
(On  the  death  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Henry  Frederick,  the  son  of 
James  1.,  on  6th  November  161 2.) 

Is  prIor  DVCVM.  =     1612 

ante-ChrIstVs  DeMorItVr.  =     161 2 

MeLLeVs  VerIs  aDonIs.  =     16 12 


12  ENGLAND. 

In  Jacobum. 
MorIbVs  pIIs  spLenDor  aVL^.     Afto  .  Dni  1602 

Reg.  n 

In  medicum  morientem.  — L? 

heV  MeDICVs  fe  VItA  eXIIs  =     1629 

TERRESTRE   NVPER  eXVIt  =  21 

onVs.  =  s 

The  first  set  of  the  above  chronograms  relates  to  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  who  died  at  the  early  age  of  19.  The  allusion  of  the  second 
is  obscure ;  it  may  relate  to  James  1.  The  third  tells  us,  I  suppose, 
that  the  physician  died  on  the  21st  of  May  1629.  None  of  them 
deserve  commendation,  quite  the  contrary;  but  I  desire  to  rescue 
all  from  oblivion  by  placing  them  here. 

In  the  same  little  book  I  find  the  following  on  leaf  41.  The 
chronogram  is  noticed  in  my  book  Chronograms,  page  20.  George 
Villiers,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  the  intimate  friend  of  King  Charles  1., 
was  murdered  at  Portsmouth  by  Felton,  23d  August  1628.  I  have 
never  met  with  the  verses  in  print1  The  writing  is  scarcely  legible 
in  some  places.  The  intial  letters  of  the  lines  make  the  date  1628 
in  Roman  numerals. 

georgIVs  DVX  bVCkInghaMIa.  =     1628 

Malignant  characters  that  did  portend 
Duke-murthering  Fate  &  his  untimely  end, 
Constraint  to  die,  that  would  have  hVd  &  fought 
Xantippus  like,  but  that  fell  Felton  brought 
Vncertaine  projects  to  a  certaine  end. 
Vaine  are  designes,  where  one  doth  of  his  friend, 
Vsurpe  too  much,  him  fors  doe  countermine 
In  breife  the  world  applaudes  this  last  design e 
It  was  his  death,  but  now  hee  's  dead~&  gone 
111  having  heard  of  many,/*//  but  one. 

(Observe  the  play  on  the  name  Felton  in  the  fourth  and  last  lines.) 
The  death,  by  fever,  of  a  most  honest  apothecary  at  Hadleigh,  in 
Essex,  Edward  Gale,  is  thus  recorded  on  leaf  63 — 

In  obitum  integerrimi  Pharmacopolae 
Hadleiensis,  Edvardi  Gale  febre 
extincti  Carmen. 
Chronogram:  Ano:  1630 
pharMaCIs  VtI  DeVs  InIVnXIt.  =     1630 

An  elegy  follows,  in  twenty-two  hexameter  and  pentameter  lines. 

1  Since  writing  this,  the  lines  have  been  included  in  an  exceedingly  interesting  ard 
curious  work,  p.  182  of  '  Humour,  Wit,  and  Satire  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  collected 
and  illustrated  by  John  Ashton.'  London,  1883.  We  differ  slightly  in  deciphering  some 
of  the  words. 


ENGLAND. 


13 


A  volume  of  '  Poemata  varia*  of  the  Universities  of  Oxford 
and  Cambridge  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1213.  1.  9.)  contains 
fifteen  tracts,  only  two  of  which  afford  any  chronograms.  Tract  6, 
1  Bodleiomnema,'  Oxford,  161 3,  contains  poems  to  the  memory  of 
Thomas  Bodley,  the  founder  of  the  library,  etc.  The  chronograms 
therein  are  to  be  seen  in  my  book  Chronograms,  p.  33,  extracted 
from  a  tract  bearing  a  different  title.  One  other  tract,  No.  7,  with 
chronograms,  is  entitled  *  Epithalamia,  sive  Lusus  Palatini/  etc. — 
(on  the  marriage  of  Prince  Frederic,  Count  Palatine,  and  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  James  1.,  King  of  England),  Oxford,  1613— by  members 
of  the  University  of  Oxford. 

On  sheet  c  3,  at  the  conclusion  of  some  verses — 

par  InsIgne  DVCVM  te  gratA  sorte  beare  =     161 2 

annos  oro  DeVs  ChrIste  per  InnVMeros.  =     1612 

Joh:  Glanville,  h  Coll:  Bal:  Sac:  Theol:  Bac: 
In  sheet  n.    In  nuptias  Frederici  et  Elizabethae  chronogramma — 
hIC  CLarVs  CLarje  CoMes  est  paLatInVs  ELIZ&,  =     16 13 

Millenus,  sexcentus,  decimo  date  trinum, 
Aureus  est  annus,  compensans  damna  prioris,  etc.  etc. 
Sam:  Randall.  Coll:  Exon: 
On  sheet  p  2  there  is  a  cento  in  Greek,  of  two  pages,  it  is  chrono- 
grammatic,  the  totals  of  each  verse  are  put  in  figures,  right  and  left  in 
the  margins. 

A  tract  of  poems  by  members  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford  (British 
Museum,  press-mark  1 1,408.  aaa.),  on  the  death  of  Lord  Petre  of 
Writtle,  in  the  county  of  Essex.  He  was  the  son  of  Sir  William 
Petre,  Knight,  who  filled  many  important  offices  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  vn.,  Edward  vi.,  and  Queen  Mary,  to  whom  he  was  principal 
Secretary  of  State.  He  obtained  large  grants  of  the  dissolved 
monasteries,  by  which  he  accumulated  a  vast  estate.  His  son,  Sir 
John  Petre,  was  created  Lord  Petre  on  21st  July  1603,  and  he  is  the 
subject  of  the  poems  '  In  obitum  illustrissimi  viri  D.  Johannis  Petrei 
Baronis  de  Writtle/  etc.,  Oxford,  161 3,  40  pp.  48. 

At  p.  43  is  this,  the  only  chronogram — 
DoMInVs  Iohannes  PETRiBVs  baro  CessIt.  =     16 13 

i.e.  Lord  John,  Baron  Petre,  died  16 13. 

THE  Universities  of  Oxford  and  Cambridge  showed  their  loyalty 
towards  the  House  of  Stuart  by  the  publication  of  tracts  and 
volumes,  mostly  in  Latin,  of  poetical  addresses  and  congratulations  to 
King  James  the  First  and  his  successors,  upon  events  in  their  career, 
marriages,  the  birth  of  children  or  lamentations  on  their  death,  their 
return  from  journeys  to  visit  Scotland,  and  the  like.  These  composi- 
tions were  by  members  of  the  various  colleges,  and  extended  from 
mere  couplets  to  two  or  three  or  more  pages  of  print     There  is  an 


H  ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS. 

extensive  collection  of  them  in  the  library  of  the  British  Museum,  as 
well  as  in  the  universities  themselves,  bound  up  indiscriminately  in 
volumes  or  in  single  tracts,  according  to  the  tastes  or  opportunities  of 
collectors,  and  although  my  references  are  to  volumes  in  the  British 
Museum,  it  is  certain  that  copies  of  individual  tracts  are  to  be  found 
elsewhere.  The  compositions  are  in  many  respects  curious  for 
features  external  to  my  subject,  but  what  immediately  concerns  us 
now  is  the  example  they  afford  of  the  limited  extent  of  chronogram- 
making  in  this  country  at  the  time  when  scholars  on  the  Continent 
were  much  devoted  to  the  art,  and  carried  it  to  such  a  state  of  excel- 
lence as  was  never  reached  in  the  universities  or  elsewhere  in  England. 
Our  scholars  seem  never  to  have  developed  the  art  further  than  is 
shown  by  these  tracts,  no  efforts  at  chronogram  extend  beyond  single 
lines  or  couplets;  the  volumes  now  under  notice  contain  many 
hundreds  of  poems,  with  the  names  of  the  writers  appended ;  the 
proportion  of  chronograms  is  but  small,  yet  enough  to  show  that  they 
must  have  been  pretty  generally  known  and  appreciated  at  our  centres 
of  learning. 

These  circumstances  bring  us  to  recognise  a  large  amount  of 
poetical  industry,  combined  with  a  limited  amount  of  chronogram- 
making  ;  whether  this  was  for  lack  of  taste  or  want  of  time  for  the 
purpose,  I  cannot  say,  but  such  is  the  fact,  the  opposite  of  what  is 
found  in  similar  works  of  Continental  scholars  of  the  seventeenth  or 
eighteenth  centuries. 

Verses  on  the  death  of  Henry  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales,  son  of 
King  James  i.,  who  died  on  the  6th  November  1612,  at  the  age  of 
eighteen  or  in  his  nineteenth  year.  A  volume  of  tracts  (British 
Museum,  press-mark  1213.  1.  13.  1-6).  Tract  t,  '  Epicedium  Canta- 
brigiense  in  obitum  immaturum  semperque  deflendum  Uenrici  illus- 
trissimi  principis  Walliae.'  Cambridge,  161 2,  40.  pp.  112.  At  page  43 
is  the  following  chronogram — 

nonVs  InIt  MensIs:  LVX  seXta:  ter  Ibat  et  astas  )  _ 

seXennIs,  CaroLo,  henrICI  LVX  aCta,  refeCta.  J  ~" 

At  page  52  there  is  a  'cento1  composed  from  Virgil,  concluding 
with  '  Chronogramma  in  ann:  Christ:  quo  mortuus  est  Pr:  Henr: 

qVIs  taLIa  fanDo  )  6 

teMperet  A  fLetV?1  j  "~     l012 

Non  ego,  Guil:  Bouswel.  Art.  m.  Cant:  Jesuanus.' 
ie.  Who,  in  the  telling  of  such  woes,  can  refrain  from  tears  ? 
I  cannot,  Wiliam  Bouswel  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge. 

Tract  4.  'Justa  Oxoniensium,  2  Reg:  3.  38.2  Num  ignoratis 
quoniam  princeps  et  Maximus  cecidit  hodie  in  Israel  ? — Londini,  161 2. 

1  These  exact  words  are  from  Virgil,  JEn.  ii.  lines  6  and  8.  They  constitute  a  remark- 
able example  of  quoted  words  appropriate  to  the  required  chronogram. 

8  Or  according  to  the  English  version,  2  Samuel  iii.  38.  This  quotation  (somewhat 
varied)  is  on  the  Lennox  monument  in  Westminster  Abbey,  to  mark  the  date.  See  Chrono- 
grams, p.  4. 


1612 


ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  LAMENTATIONS.  15 

These  poems  are  designated  '  Lachrymse  Oxonienses  in  tumulum  . .  • 
principis  Henrici.'  On  sheet  L  (there  is  no  pagination)  is  this 
anagram,  and  the  verses  containing  two  words  printed  as  if  for  a 
chronogram,  which  I  give  below,  to  show  how  imperfectly  the  author 
or  the  printer  has  done  his  work,  and  in  the  hope  that  some  one  will 
set  it  right    The  anagram  on  the  name 

Fredericus — Ferri  decus, 
occurs  frequently  in  continental  examples  of  earlier  date;  it  is  pro- 
bably an  imitation  here:  the  words  are  used  in  the  verses  which 
follow — 

Henricus  Fredericus  Stuuartus  VVallue  Princeps. 

Per  Anagrammatismum. 
Heu  nunc  surculus,  scUus  patrice,  decUs  ferri periit. 
sVrCulVs,  heu  periIt  magni  de  stirpe  Jacobi, 

Ille  salus  patriae,  spes  fuit  ille  suae. 
Amorum  ferrique  decus,  pacisque  columna 
Ecce  quot  hoc  unum  funera  funus  habet 

On  sheet  o  there  is  a  short  poem  of  six  lines,  preceded  by  the 
name  of  the  prince  in  Latin,  containing  nineteen  letters.  The  first 
line  tells  us  that  the  prince  lived  as  many  years  as  there  are  letters  in 
the  name.  The  chronogram  gives  the  year  of  his  death,  after  making 
four  corrections  of  errors  in  the  original  print — 
Heinricus  Fredericus, 
Tot  vixit  noster  princeps  clarissimus  annos, 

Quot  numeres  hoc  in  nomine  litterulas. 
Annus  cui  vitse  decimus  nonus,  Decus  orbis 
Heinricus  nonus  mense  Novembris  obit. 
oCCVbVTt  prInCeps  heInrICVs,  CaroLVs  ILLI  I  , 

sVCCessIt,  DeVs  hVnC  fratrIs  VICe  VIVere  sInIt.      j  ""     I012 
Quod  sit  felicissime  et  diutissime  votum 

Thomse  Carey.  Exon:  Coll: 
ue.  Henry  Frederick,  our  renowned  prince,  lived  as  many  years  as  you 
may  count  letters  in  this  name,  whose  year  of  life  was  the  nineteenth  yeary 
this  ornament  of  the  world  died  in  the  Nones  of  the  month  of  November. 
Prince  Henry  is  dead,  Charles  has  succeeded  him,  may  God  permit  him 
to  live  in  the  place  of  his  brother.  That  this  may  be  is  most  happily, 
and  continually  the  wish  of  Thomas  Carey  of  Exeter  College. 

Tract  5,  entituled  '  EidylHa/  is  in  continuation  of  the  same  sub- 
ject ;  the  last  page  alone  contains  a  chronogram,  thus — 

Finis.  Anno 

VI Vat  DIVInIssIMVs  brItannLe  et  )  =       , 

hIbernLe  reX  Verje  pIetatIs  LVX  regIa  J  I2 

Et  ut  longum  vivat 
i.e.  Long  live  the  most  divine  King  of  Britain  and  Ireland,  the  royal 
light  of  true  piety.     And  that  he  may  live  long. 


1 6  ENGLAND—  UNIVERSITY  LAMENT  A  TIONS. 

Tract  6  is  again  in  continuation  of  the  same  subject ;  the  title  is 
'  Luctus  posthumus.'  Oxford,  1612.  At  page  54  is  '  Chronogramma 
in  annum  Christi  quo  obiit  princeps  161  a.' 

freDerICVs  Morte  perIt,  ast  honor  sVperstat.        =     1612 
i.e.  Frederick  is  dead  but  honour  survives. 
Some  verses  follow,  and  the  tract  concludes  at  page  62,  thus — 

Finis 
Anno  quo 
tV  tIbI  LVges  MagDaLena.  =     161 2 

i.e.  Magdalen  (College),  thou  mournest  to  thyself. 
This  tract  is  noticed  at  page  18  of  Chronograms. 

A  volume  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1070.  1.  6.  1-7)  contains 
x\  another  tract  on  the  same  subject  as  the  foregoing,  viz.,  verses 
on  aeath  of  Prince  Henry  Frederick.  It  presents  us  with  a  greater 
(though  not  an  important)  development  of  chronogram  composition 
than  was  reached  by  English  writers.  It  is  from  the  pen  of  a  Dutch 
writer,  Professor  Baudius  of  the  University  of  Leyden ;  and  we  here 
meet  with  the  feature  almost  peculiar  to  Dutch  and  Flemish  chrono- 
grams, the  disuse  of  the  letter  D=5oo,  as  a  numerical  letter.  The 
tract  is  No.  3  in  the  volume.  It  bears  the  title  '  Monumentum  con- 
secratum  honori  et  memorise  serenissimi  Britannorum  principis 
Henrici  Frederici.  Authore  Dominico  Baudio  I.C  Historiarum 
professore  in  Academia  Leidensi. — Lugdunum  Batavorum  cid  id  cxii.' 
(161 2.)  40.  There  is  no  pagination  ;  the  only  chronograms  are  on 
sheet  ciii.  The  following  is  the  introduction  to  them ;  and  the  quaint 
warning  not  to  count  the  letters  D  is  printed  in  the  margin — 

Sequentia  disticha  singula  continent  annum  quo 
serenissimus  princeps  excessit  e  vita  quaedam  et 
diem  ipsum  indicant 

Hallucinantur  qui  D  computant 
inter  litteras  numerates. 

eXorIens  phcebVs  VIrIdI  sVb  fLore  IWenx* 

oCCVbat,  et  seCVM  gaVdIa  CVnCta  rapIt. 
spes  regnI  oCCVbVIt  VIrIdantI  eXspIrat  In  mVo 

deLICIVM  popVLI,  pVbLICVs  orbIs  honor. 
LVget  apeX,  CrVdo  sqVaLLesCIt  regIa  LVCtV,  'i  , 

fILIVs  heV  regIs  fVnere  adeMtVs  obIIt.  *  ~"     x  I2 

OGGESSlT  PATRliE  TENEBRAS   LVX   SEXTA  NOVeMbrIs, 

LVCIfer  oCCVbVIt  CVra  nItorqVe  poLI. 
oCCIdIt  eXorIens  soL  seXta  LVCe  noVeMbrIs, 
LVX  fVIt  hjeC  orb!  fVnere  t\stra  dIes, 


1612 
1612 


1612 
1612 


ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  LAMENTATIONS.  17 

proh  faCInVs  VIrIdI  CadIt  eXorIente  IWenta  )  , 

prInCeps,  CVI  nVLLVs  par  erat  aVt  sIMILIs.  /  "     I012 

henryC Vs  prInCeps  pVIt  heV  I  VIX  VLLa  deInCeps         J  __       6 
ferre  pareM  qVIbVnt,  non  si  aVrea  s-*CLa  redIbVnt.  J  ~~ 

Observe  the  Leonine  construction  of  this  last  couplet. 
i.e.  The  rising  sun  sinks  beneath  the  fresh  flower  of  youth,  and  carries 
off  with  itself  all  joys. 

The  hope  of  the  kingdom  has  fallen,  it  expires  in  green  age,  this 
delight  cf  the  people,  this  public  honour  of  the  world. 

The  royal  head  {of  the  country)  mourns,  the  palace  becomes  squalid 
with  rough  grief,  alas  /  the  king's  son  is  gone,  taken  away  by  death. 

The  sixth   light  (or  day)  of  November  brought  darkness  to  the 
country  ;  Lucifer  has  set,  the  charge  and  lustre  of  the  sky. 

The  sun  rising  on  the  sixth  light  (or  day)  of  November  has  set,  this 
light  was  a  sad  day  in  death  to  the  world. 

Alas  /  what  a  calamity  in  the  green  rising  youth-time,  the  prince 
dies,  no  one  was  his  equal  or  even  like  him. 

Prince  Henry,  alas  I  is  gone,  scarcely  will  any  succeeding  age  be  able 
to  bring  us  his  equal,  no,  not  even  should  the  golden  age  return. 

££t££ttZ££tt££tt££££Z 

A  volume  of  tracts  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1070.  m.  5.), 
tract  No.  5 — 'Jacobi  Ara  Deo  Reduci,  ceu  in  Jacobi  .  .  . 
regis  .  .  .  reditum  e  Scotia  in  Angliam.  Oxford,  1617.  4°,  no 
pagination.  Academic  Oxoniensis  gratulatoria.  Poems  and  verses 
on  the  return  of  King  James  1.  from  his  journey  to  Scotland  in  161 7. 
On  sheet  b  2  are  the  following  verses,  with  chronograms — 

Is  MVsIs  DeCVs,  patronVs.  =     161 7 

A  quo  regnorum  sumpsit  rex  magnus  habenas ; 

Non  annus,  quo  non  plurima  magna  facit. 
Is  MVsIs  DeCVs  est  patron  Vs  et  optimus;  illis  =     161 7 

Composuit  lites,  et  pia  jura  dedit. 

reX  bonVs  aDIt  sCotIaM.  =     161 7 

reX  bonVs,  et  multis  regnis  in  commoda  natus, 

Ipsus  aDIt  sCotIaM,  regia  multa  facit  =     1617 

Multo  cum  sumptu,  studio,  pietate,  labore, 

Ordinibus  cunctis  justa  decora  dedit 

oXonLb  MeDICVs.  =     1 61 7 

oXonLe  MeDICVs,  medicinae  nempe  Facultas  ^=     161 7 

Te  reducem  gestit ;  sic  quoque  quseque  Toga. 
Et  templo  et  regno,  populo,  gentique  togatae 
Qub  bene  tu  facias  (Optime)  quoque  diu ; 
Sanos  et  multos  annos  (Rex  maxime)  votis 

Exoptat  summis  oXonLe  MeDICVs.  =     161 7 

Tho:  Clayton.  Med:  D.  et  Profess:  Regius. 
c 


18  ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS. 

A    tract  (British  Museum,  press-mark  161.  b.  46),    'Funebria 
/\    sacra/  etc.,  on  the  death  of  Anne,  wife  of  King  James  1.  of 
England ;  poems  by  various  members  of  the  University.  Oxford,  16 19. 
4°,  no  pagination.    On  sheet  c  is  the  following  somewhat  faulty  chrono- 
giammatic  epitaph  on  the  Queen,  who  died  on  2  March  16 18 — 
1  In  obitum  serenissimae  reginae  Annae 
Epitaphium  chronographicum.' 
DoMIna  regIna  anna  Inter  VXores  poLLkns  =     16 18 

eXpIrans  MartII  seCVnDo  —     16 18 

hIC  DorMIt;  regIs  gnata,  soror,  VXor,  parens.      =     16 18 

VXOR  ERAT  REGl   ET  DoMlNA  GENT  I   CHARA.  =       l6l8 

MartII  erat  mensis,  martis  crudelior  omni,  \ 

Anna  qubd  eXpIrat,  mense  dieve  dies.  >  =     1618 

Anne  seCVnDa  dies  ?  sit  nomine,  at  omine  nunquam  ) 

Esse  reor  faustam  quae  mala  tanta  tulit. 
Gnata,  sororque,  parens  hIC  DorMIt  regIs  et  VXor         =     16 18 

regI  VXor,  gentI  Charaq:  erat  DoMIna.  =     1618 

regIna  hjrc  poLLens  VXores  Inter,  et  anna  )  _     l6lg 

Haec  DoMIna  est  generis  gloria  feminei.  J 


On  sheet  f  3 — 

saCrVM  trIstI  sIC  LVgens.  ) 

ConseCrat  sepVLChro.  J 


1618 


On  sheet  m  2.     In  the  year  16 19  the  University  expressed  grief 
on  the  premature  death  of  the  Queen,  according  to  this  chronogram — 

LethVM  regIn*  DefLebItIs  oXonIenses  :  =     1619 

Paremus,  modo  sic  placentur  Numina  flemus. 

On  sheet  m  3  is  this  verse — 

DesInIt  In  VIVIs  esse  optatIssIMa  prInCeps.  =     1618 

Fatalis  titulus  fatalem  terminat  annum, 
Qui  vitam  nobis  terminat  Anna  tuam. 

On  sheet  n  2  is  this  quotation  (from  Virgil  ?),  in  chronogram — 

.  .  .  heV  erIt  VnqVaM  )  .*  Q 

ILLeDIes?  J"     l6lS 

Vidimus,  ast  iterum  nunquamne  videbimus  Annam  ? 

non  erIt  heV  VnqVaM,  qui  fuit  ILLe  DIes.  =     16 18 

Ric.  Parsons.  Nov.  Coll.  Soc. 

On  sheet  p  3  is  this  chronogramma,  and  verses — 
Ver  rIDere  negat,  Mars  s^eWs  anheLat  aprILIs        *=     1618 
fLet,  tIbI  eheV  LVgens  MensIs  et  annVs  aDest.        =     16 18 
Quid  lacrymas  fundis  ?  quid  tot  suspiria  ?  frustra  est, 

Sat  Mars  singultus,  sat  dat  Aprilis  aquae. 
Si  Mars,  defuncti,  possit  durissimus  Anni, 

Suspirare,  nefas  sit  tibi  nolle  mori. 
Quandoque  inafluetos  se  solvit  Aprilis  in  imbres, 

Turpe  est  si  non  sis  Anglia,  tota  palus. 


1623 


ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS.  19 

A  volume  of  tracts  and  congratulatory  poems  (British  Museum, 
press-mark  837.  k.  9.),  40.  Tract  4,  only  four  leaves  of  Latin 
verses,  the  title  is  '  Prosphonesis  ad  serenissimum  et  celebratissimum 
regem  Jacobura  1./  etc.,  k  Petro  Fradelio,  Schemniceno.    Anno 

Cor  regIs  probI  In  ManV  DeI  est,  fVIt  et  erIt.       =     16 16 
Londini.  16 16. 

A  thin  40  volume  bound  in  crimson  velvet  (British  Museum, 
press-mark  1070.  m.  10.),  contains  42  pages  of  votive  poems 
addressed  by  the  University  of  Oxford  to  King  James  1.,  on  the 
arrival  of  his  son  Charles,  Prince  of  Wales,  in  Spain,  whither  he  went 
to  woo  the  king's  daughter,  the  Infanta,  and  whom  he  did  not  even- 
tually marry.1  It  bears  this  title,  'Votiva,  sive  ad  .  .  .  Jacobum 
Magnae  Britanniae  regem  [on  the  arrival  of  Prince  Charles  in  Spain] 
.  .  •  Pia  et  humilis  Oxoniensium  gratulatio/  London,  1623.  On 
the  back  of  the  title-page  there  is  this 

Chronogramma  anni,  quo  Carolus 

Princeps  receptus  est  in  Hispaniam. 
gratVs  brItannIae  prInCIpIs 
In  hIspanIaM  aDVentVs. 

At  page  20  some  verses  are  preceded  by  this  chronogram — 

araM 
IoVI  tVteLarI 
pro  CaroLo  saLVo  et  Vt  sVos  ,  , 

sospes  reVIsat,  thVre  pVro  et  /  3 

VotIVIs  preCIbVs 
ConseCrat  oXonIa. 

ANOTHER  40  volume,  similar  to  the  preceding  one  in  size  and 
binding  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1070.  m.  6),  intituled 
•  Carolus  Redux/  contains  poems  on  the  return  of  Prince  Charles 
from  Spain.     There  is  no  pagination.     On  sheet  f  is  this 
Chronogramma 
haVD  Ita  te  aMIsso  LVget  hIspanIa,  \  ^ 

VtI  repossesso  pIa  gestIt  angLIa.  / 

Insolita  Angligenas  admittere  gaudia  mentes, 
Hesperum  moestos  cogis  inire  modos. 

Sidney  Godolphin,  Equitis  Aurati  filius,  h  Coll.  Exon. 

And  this  follows  shortly  afterwards  on  sheet  f  3 — 
prInCeps  hesperIIs,  tanDeM  est  regressVs  ab  orIs,  7  jg 

OPTATlS   PATRIjE  TERR<EQVe  POTItVr  ARENlS.  >  3 

1  Another  book,  a  strange  eflusion  on  this  subject,  is  noticed  in  my  Chronograms, 
page  20,  where  it  is  inadvertently  remarked  that  Prince  Charles  married  the  Infanta  of 
Spain.    See  also  pp.  19-24,  ibid. 


1623 


2o  ENGLAND—  UNIVERSITY  GRA  TULA  TIONS. 

And  these  enigmatical  verses,  with  the  chronogram,  are  in  the 
same  sheet — 

El  DVX  IVIt  CoMbs. 
1623. 
Quomodb,  die,  Princeps  habeat  comitemque  Ducemque ; 
Quum  duo  sint  tantum  ?    Dux  erat  ille  comes. 

Joh:  Tyringham.  Equit:  Aur:  fil:  h  Coll:  Magd: 

On  sheet  1  the  commencement  and  termination  of  the  prince's 
journey  are  marked  by  chronograms,  and  epigram  verses  which  repeat 
the  chronogram  words — 

De  itinere  principis  inchoato,  1622 
terminato  verb  anno,  1623. 
DoMVs  aVstrIaCa  traXIt.  =     1622 

eXIIt  aVstrIaCA  DoMV.  =     1623 

Cum  DoMVs  aVstrIaCa  attraXIt,  currente  caballo 
Carolus,  velo  et  praepetes  Jussit  Amor. 
Quando  Pater  revocat,  sancti  memor  Ille  Parentis 
Advolat  feque  DoMV  hie  eXIIt  aVstrIaCA. 
Qui  sic  observat  Patrem,  atque  observat  Amorem, 
Huic  Pater  indulgens,  sit  quoque  mollis  Amor. 


,XfiJ,XfiJ.XXmtJJ,m, 


A  tract  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1070.  m.  7),  40,  no  pagina- 
tion, has  this  title,  *  Oxoniensis  Academiae  parentalia,'  etc.  (of 
James,  King  of  Great  Britain),  Oxford,  1625.  Contains  verses  on  the 
subject  of  his  death  in  1625  by  various  members  of  the  University. 
On  sheet  b  2  is  a  good  anagram  on  his  name,  and  verses  combining 
the  words  of  the  same — 

Anagram. 

Iacobvs  stewartvs. 
Ita  cvrsv  svo  beatvs. 
i.e.  James  Stewart. — Thus  blessed  in  his  course. 

On  sheet  c  2  is  this  chronogram  preceding  some  verses,  which 
combine  the  words  of  the  chronogram — 

reX  obIIt  pIVs  aCaDeMLe  benIgnVs.  =     1625 

i.e.  The  king,  kind  to  the  university \  has  died. 

On  sheet  d  is  this  chronogram  of  the  year  of  his  death,  1625,  and 
the  years  of  his  reign  in  England,  22,  making  the  total  of  1647 — 

IaCobVs  steVarDVs  reX  pIVs  IVstIssIMVs  obIIt.       as     1647 
i.e.  James  Stewart,  a  kind  and  most  just  king,  has  died. 

On  sheet  d  2  is  another  good  anagram — 

Iacobus  Stewart  obiit. 

I  bo  sicut  beatus  viator. 

i.e.  James  Stewart  has  died. — /  will  go  as  a  blessed  traveller. 


ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  LAMENTATIONS.  21 

On  sheet  e  3  some  verses  on  his  death  are  preceded  by  this 
chronogram— 

IaCobVs  Magna  brItannIa  reX,  fIDeI  propVgnator.     =     1625 

i.e.  James,  king  of  Great  Britain,  defender  of  the  faith. 
On  sheet  g  are  some  verses  with  this  chronogram — 

patron Vs  fIDeI  MagnVs  IaCobVs  obIVIt.  =     1625 

i.e.  fames,  a  great  protector  of  the  faith,  has  died. 
The  preface  contains  some  verses,  preceded  by  this  chronogram, 
taken  from  Virgil,  Mn.  vi.  341,  giving  the  year  of  the  king's  death — 

.  .  .  qVTs  te,  paLInVre,  DeorVM  J  =       , 

erIpVIt  LONGfe  nobIs?  ...  J 

ue.  What  god,  O  Palinurus,  snatched  you  from  us? — Or,  according  to 
Dry  dens  translation — 

'  What  envious  pow'r,  O  friend, 
Brought  your  lotfd  life  to  this  disastrous  endV 
The  words  of  Virgil  which  here  form  the  chronogram  are  applied 
to  the  event  of  the  death  of  the  king  of  England.  The  poet  relates 
that  iEneas,  when  he  descended  to  the  infernal  regions,  meets  the 
shade  of  his  old  pilot  Palinurus,  who  had  fallen  overboard  and  was 
drowned,  and  asks  him  (as  above  translated),  'Quis  te,  Palinure 
deorum  eripuit  nobis  ?'  The  word  'longfe'  is  inserted  in  the  chrono- 
gram because  it  contains  the  number  50  required  to  complete  the  date, 
but  it  does  not  ^interfere  with  the  meaning  of  the  sentence.  This 
adaptation  of  VirgiPs  words  to  a  date  in  English  history  is  remarkable. 

A  tract  (British  Museum,  press-mark  837.  h.  18)  40,  pp.  84. 
'  Ducis  Eboracensis  Fasciae  a  Musis  Cantabrigiensibus  raptim 
context®.'  Cambridge,  1633.  Verses  and  poems  by  various  members 
of  the  University  on  the  birth  of  James,  son  of  Charles  1.  of  England, 
and  Henrietta  Maria  his  queen,  on  14th  October  1633.  He  was 
Duke  of  York,  and  came  to  the  throne  on  6th  February  1685  as 
James  11.  On  page  27  some  verses,  '  Ad  reginam,'  commence — 
Euge  puerperio  ter  fausta  Maria  beato ; 

(Hei  mini,  qubd  nequeo  dicere,  fausta  quater !)  etc. 

The  concluding  lines  are  addressed  to  the  Duke  of  York,  and  are 
followed  by  a  poem  on  the  planet  Venus  shining  with  great  splendour 
just  before  the  birth  of  the  prince,*  which  is  alluded  to  in  this  chrono- 
gram, the  fifth  hexameter  line  of  the  poem — 

eCCe  MICat  noVa  LVX,  aC  spes  noVa  nasCItVr  angLIs.   =     1633 
t\e.  Lot  a  new  light  shines,  and  a  new  hope  is  born  to  the  English 
people. 

At  page  36,  a  poem,  'De  cometa,   qui  nasciturum  principem 
nupera  luce  predixit,'  concludes  with  this  chronogram — 
sIC  nostro  eXorItVr  syDVs  In  orbe  noVVM.  =     1633 

ue.  Concerning  the  comet  which  foretold  by  its  recent  light  that  a 
prince  was  to  be  born. — Thus  is  a  new  star  arisen  to  us  in  the  world. 


22  ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS. 

At  page  64,  a  poem,  addressed  to  the  infant  Duke  of  York,  con- 
cludes thus — 

Ut  tamen  innumeras  grates  des,  Carole ;  natos 
InnVMeros  VXor  Det  preCor  VsqVe  tIbI.        =     1633 
i.e.  O  Charles,  I  pray  that  thy  wife  may  continually  give  thee  count- 
less children. 


A  volume  in  the  British  Museum  Library  (press-mark  1070.  m.  40), 
^f\  Poems  on  the  Journey  of  Charles  1.  into  Scotland  in  1633. 
By  various  members  of  the  Universities  of  Oxford,  Cambridge,  and 
Edinburgh.  Comprised  in  five  different  tracts,  affording  but  a  few 
chronograms. 

Tract  1.  'Solis  Britannia  perigaeum.  Sive  itinerantis  Caroli  auspi- 
cissima  periodus.'    Oxford,  1633. 

Some  verses  by  Th.  Garland  of  Magdalen  College  have  this  title — 

brItannIjE  reX  reDVX,  )  =       + 

trIVMphos  Cantate.  J         *  33 

The  next  page  of  verses  has  this  at  the  conclusion— 
Chronogr:  Anni  mocxxxiii. 
Io!  VIDIstI  Vt  tIbI  serVIat  VLtIMa  thVLe:  =     1633 

Quid  dicam  Fatis  jam  superesse  tuis. 

Hugo  Barker.  Art:  Bac:  Coll:  Novi  Socius. 
Twelve  verses  by  Thomas  Clayton  of  Pembroke  College  are 
preceded  by  this  chronogram — 

optIMa  sVnt,  qVm  tVt6  IVCVNDfe  breVI.  =     1633 

The  next  tract  is  '  EI20AIA  Musarum  Edinensium  in  Caroli  regis, 
Musarum  Tutanti,  ingressu  in  Scotiam.'  Edinburgh,  1633.  No  pagina- 
tion ;  but  counting  to  page  16,  these  lines  are  a  passage  in  the  poem — 
Quo  patriam  remeat  supremi  cura  Tonantis, 

Atque  saLVs  popVLI  reX,  his  mage  gratus  ocellis,  )  fi 

Intrat  eDInbVrgVM  ;  si  vera  oracula  vatum.  J  ""         33 

THE  following  verses  are  very  curious ;  they  are  from  tract  No.  4 
in  the  last-mentioned  volume,  and  are  intituled  '  Rex  Redux, 
sive  voti  damnas  De  incolumitate  et  felici  reditu  regis  Caroli  post 
receptam  Coronam,  Comitiaque  peracta  in  Scotia.1  Cambridge,  1633. 
They  are  hexameter  and  pentameter  couplets,  that  can  be  read  for- 
wards and  backwards  without  otherwise  altering  the  position  of  the 
words,  the  meaning  one  way  being  the  opposite  to  that  of  the  other — 
Ad  serenissimum  Regem  Carolum. 
Carole,  Progrederis  ?    Lege  Distichon  ordine  recta 

ANGLIjE 

Deficio,  bone  Rex,  animo :  Non  gaudia  regno, 
Carole,  nunc  praestas  Tu  tua  sollicito. 


AeiiroOvfxla 
in  exitu 

Carole,  Regrederis  ?    Cancros  imitare  legendo. 


r 


ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS. 


23 


ANGLLE 

"Evdvfiia 

In  reditu 

Regis. 


Sollicito  tua  Tu  praestas  nunc,  Carole,  regno 
Gaudia :  Non  animo,  Rex  bone,  dencio. 


Distich:  Chrongramm: 

MDCXXXIII. 


haCtenVs   angLorVM 
Corona, 
est  :     tIbI    sIt    soLI, 
tVIs. 


nVLLI    ConCessa^ 


postgenItIsqVe 


SCOTORVM 

primo  in 

occursu 
Regis. 

"Rwfapia. 

i.e.  To  the  most  serene  King  Charles. 

Charles,  art  thou  going  forth  1    Read  this  distich  straight  forward. 
Despondency 


] 


=     1633 


of  England  at 

the  departure 

of  the  king. 

Art  thou  returning^  Charles  t 

Rejoicing 


My  mind  fails  me,  O  good  king;  Thou  no  longer, 
Charles,  affordest  thy  delights  to  thy  anxious 
kingdom. 

Read  it  backwards  crablike. 


of  England  at 
the  return 
of  the  king. 

Greeting 
of  the  Scotch 
an  the  first 
meeting 
of  the  king. 


Thou  now  affordest,  Charles,  joys  to  thy  anxious 
kingdom  ;  my  mind  fails  me  not,  O  good  king. 

Distich  Chronogram. 

Hitherto  to  none  of  the  English  has  a  crown  been 
granted  (from  Scotland);  be  it  to  thee  alone  and  to 
thy  posterity. 

A  volume  (British  Museum,  press-mark  837.  g.  27.)  contains  three 
J-\     tracts  relating  to  the  journeys  of  Charles  1.  to  Scotland ;  and 
therein  are  only  five  chronograms.     Tract  1  bears  this  title — 
Musarum  Oxoniensium 
Pro 
Rege  suo 
Soteria. 
Anagramma. 
Carolus  Britonum  Rex. 
Tu  rex  librum  coronas. 
Symbola  sunt  Almae  Matris  Liber  atque  Corona  : 
Jam  verum  est,  Librum  tu  (rex  invicte)  coronas. 
Oxoniae,  1633. 


24  ENGLAND— UNIVERSITY  GRATULATIONS. 

There  is  no  pagination ;  the  only  chronogram  is  on  sheet  e,  and 
it  stands  as  the  title  of  some  verses  addressed  to  Charles  i. — 

VIVIt  reX  nobIs,  absorpta  est  )  _      6 

Mors  In  VICtorIA,  Deo  gratIas.  j  ""     J  ** 

In  the  original,  the  words  'Rege  suo  Soteria'  are  printed  in  gold 
letters,  so  likewise  are  the  two  anagram  lines.  The  two  hexameter 
lines  which  follow  next  contain  words  (printed  in  italics)  from  the 
anagram,  and  they  are  in  direct  allusion  to  the  armorial  device  of  the 
University  of  Oxford,  which  is  printed  in  the  centre  of  the  title-page, 
viz.,  on  a  shield  an  open  book  between  three  crowns.  The  whole 
will  bear  this  translation — 

A  congratulation  of  the  Oxford  Muses  for  the  deliverance  of  their 
king. — Anagram,  Charles,  king  of  Britain.  Thou,  O  king,  crownest 
the  book — The  book  and  the  crown  are  the  symbols  of  *  Alma  Mater'  ; 
that  now  is  true,  thou,  O  unconquered  king,  dost  crown  the  book 
—(Chronogram),  The  king  lives  for  us,  death  is  swallowed  up  in 
victory,  thanks  be  to  God.  (This  sentiment  is  adapted  from  i  Cor.  xv. 
55-57) 

Tract  2,  in  the  same  volume,  consists  of  verses  addressed  to  the 
king  by  members  of  the  University  of  Cambridge,  on  his  return  from 
Scotland ;  it  bears  this  title — 

•  Irenodia  Cantabrigiensis : 
Ob  paciferum  serenissimi  regis  Caroli  h  Scotia 

reditum  Mense  Septembri  1641. 
Et  vocaberis  instaurator  rupture.     Isa:  58.  12. 
Posuit  fines  tuos  pacem.  Psalm  147.  14. 

MDCXLL 

Chronogramma  bipartitum — 
qVm  DeVs  ItX  ConIVnXIt  anatheMa  sIt  \=     i6ai 

qVIsqVIs  separat.  j  4 

What  goD  hath  thVs  knIt  together  CVrseD  be.  he        i  _       , 

Who  pVts  asVnDer.'  f  ""     I041 

At  this  date  the  troubles  of  this  unfortunate  king  were  coming 
thickly  upon  him ;  his  visit,  to  Scotland  failed  to  turn  fortune  again 
in  his  favour,  and  the  aspirations  of  his  Cambridge  friends,  as  implied 
by  this  singular  title-page,  were  grievously  disappointed.  There  are 
no  more  chronograms. 

Tract  3,  in  the  same  volume,  is  intituled,  '  Eucharistica  Oxoni- 
ensia.'    (Congratulations  from  the  University  of  Oxford  on  the  return 
of  Charles  1.  from  Scotland.)    At  the  fifth  page  there  are  some  verses, 
preceded  by  this  'Chronogramma  1641 ' — 
reX  bonVs  reDVX  gLorIa  saLVs  regnorVM.  as     1641 

And  on  sheet  c  3,  other  verses  are  preceded  by  this — 
nobILIssIMVs  reX  saLWs  reDIIt  eX  septentrIone.  =     1641 

i.e.  The  good  king  returned,  the  glory,  the  safety  of  the  kingdoms.     The 
most  noble  king  has  returned  safely  from  the  north  country. 


ENGLAND— CHARLES  THE  FIRST.  25 

A  volume  of  miscellaneous  tracts  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
e.  62).  Tract  14  relates  to  the  return  of  the  queen,  Henrietta 
Maria,  from  Holland.  '  Musarum  Oxoniensium  Ea-i/JaT^/ua  serenissimae 
reginarum  Mariae  ex  Batavia  feliciter  reduci  Publico  voto  d.d.d. 
Oxford,  1643.'  On  sheet  a  there  are  some  verses  addressed  to  the 
king  and  queen,  preceded  by  this  chronogram — 

reX  optIMVs,  regIna  nobILIs  regIa  proLes        )  _      ^ 
tVtI  DIV  VIVant.  J  ""     I043 

Further  on  there  is  this  anagram  about  the  queen,  and  verses 
which  combine  three  of  the  words  thereof.  The  anagram,  however, 
is  faulty ;  the  first  line  contains  two  letters  more  than  there  are  in  the 
second,  viz.,  H  and  r. 

Henriette  Marie  Roine  d'Angle-Terre. 

Anagram. 
Ange  en  Terre,  Je  tien  arm6  le  Droit 

Reculez  vous  fils  de  Noirceur,  voila  un  Ange 
Qui  vous  estonnera  par  sa  lumiere  estrange. 
L'assailliez  vous  encore  ?  voila  des  Armes, 
Abris  de  Droit,  maulgre*  d'Enfer  les  charmes. 
T.  TulUe.  A.M.  Coll:  Reg. 

A  volume  of  single  printed  sheets  concerning  Charles  1.,  King  of 
England,  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  669.  f.  14).  No.  75 
contains  twelve  rhyming  lines,  giving  the  names  of  the  leading  rebels 
in  1649  >  anc*  a  chronogram  of  that  year,  with  a  rhyming  explanation 
that  it  is  the  date  of  the  decollation  of  the  king ;  the  last  couplet  of 
which  is  a  riddle  on  the  name  of  Cromwell,  pronounced  like  Crumb- 
well.     It  is  as  follows : — 

Monarchia  transformata  in  Respublicam  {sic) 

deformatam : 

OR 

A  yury  of  twelve  impossibilities. 

1.  Give  Generall  Tom  a  common-souldier's  wit ; 

2.  Cure  frantick  Mildmay  of  his  whimsey  fit : 

3.  Quench  Peters  tongue  (which  hel  hath  set  on  fire 

4.  Coole  Nols  ambitious  thirst  of  soaring  higher : 

5.  Make  Bradshaw  bashfull,  and  false  Whit  lock  true ; 

6.  Un-atheist  Lenthall,  Cor bet  too  un-jew, 

7.  Pride's  Sword,  exchange  for  Slings  \  let  Ockey  haste 

8.  Back  to  his  Yeast-tub.    Hewson  to  his  Last 


26  ENGLAND— CHARLES  THE  FIRST. 

9.  And  Wild  (with  Law)  Sweep  treason  from  his  bench 

10.  Hedge  Martin  (all  in  common)  with  one  wench. 

1 1.  Pack  a  committee,  without  knaves.    Let 's  see 

12.  A  Juncto  (not  of  Rebels)  and  then  we 

For  light  in  England's  Chaos  will  yet  hope  : 
For  Char  Is  three  Crowns,  for  Rebels,  each  a  rope. 

1  Numeral!  letters  are  to  be  considered  in  these  two  following 
lines' : — 

CharLes  the  trVe  pICtVre  of  ChrIst  CrVCIfIDe,  )  6 

great  brIttans  VIrtVoVs  kIng  noW  gLorIfIDe.  J  ** 

These  Numerall  Letters,  Altogether  be 
Just  sixteene  hundred,  forty,  and  thrice  three. 

These  Letters  (twenty-six)  five  Cees,  two  Dees, 

Two  LLs,  eight  Vees,  and  Ies  a  treble  trine, 
Make  up  the  number,  just  as  it  agrees, 

One  thousand  and  six  hundred  forty-nine. 
That  yeare,  the  first  months  thirtieth  day,  a  blow 
Laid  Charles  our  King,  and  England  s  Honour  low. 
But,  He  is  high,  grac'd  with  a  glorious  Crowne, 
And  (by  his  Death)  three  Kingdomes  are  cast  downe. 

The  Loaf  is  inside,  and  Circle  of  a  Spring, 

Was  worst  of  Traitors  to  a  Gracious  King.1 
Sep.  12.    finis.     1649. 
(Date  added  with  ink  in  contemporaneous  writing.) 

T  ~+~ 

In  the  same  volume  there  is  another  sheet  of  verses  relating  to 

Charles  l  (No.  24).  The  chronogram  which  precedes  the  verses  has 
been  used  elsewhere.  See  my  former  volume  on  Chronograms,  page 
24.  As  this  is  possibly  the  earliest  use  of  it,  I  repeat  it  here  with  the 
verses,  which  are  a  curious  representation  of  the  feeling  of  horror 
running  through  the  country  after  this  lamentable  event,  this  murder 
of  the  king.  All  the  words  here  printed  in  large  italics,  as  well  as  the 
chronogram  date  letters,  are  printed  red  in  the  original,  and  so  doubt- 
less they  were  intended  for  the  colour  of  the  king's  blood.  A  deep 
black  border  surrounds  the  whole  print. 

Chronostichon  Decollations  Caroli  Regis,  etc.,  tricesimo 
die  yanuarii,  secunda  hora  Pomeridiana,  Anno  Dom.  mdcxlviii.* 
ter  Deno  IanI  Labens  reX  soLe  CaDente 
CaroLVs  eXVtVs  soLIo  sCeptroqVe  seCVre. 

1  This  last  couplet  is  the  riddle  meaning  Crumb-well  =  Cromwell. 

*  i.e.  the  30th  day  of  January  of  the  legal  year  ending  24th  March  1648,  a  method  of  com- 
putation in  use  at  that  period.  The  plain  translation  of  the  hexameter  couplet  is,  King 
Charles  falling  by  the  axe  on  the  thrice  tenth  day  of  January,  towards  the  setting  of  the 
sun,  is  deprived  of  his  throne  and  sceptre. 


}=     !648 


ENGLAND— CHARLES  THE  FIRST.  27 

Charls  ! — ah  forbeare,  forbeare  !  lest  mortals  prize 
His  name  too  dearly ;  and  Idolatrize. 
His  name !  Our  Losse  !  Thrice  cursed  and  forlorne 
Be  that  Black  Night}  which  usher'd  in  this  Morne  ! 

Charls  our  Dread-Soveraigne— hold  !  lest  Out-Iaw'd  Sense 

Bribe,  and  seduce  tame  Reason  to  dispense 

With  those  Celestial  Powers ;  and  distrust 

HeaVn  can  Beholde  such  Treason,  and  prove  just 

Charls  our  Dread-Soveraigris  murtheSd  !  Tremble  !  and 
View  what  Convulsions  Shoulder-shake  this  Land. 
Court,  Cittie,  Countrie,  nay  three  Kingdoms  runne 
To  their  last  Stage,  and  Set  with  Him  their  sunne.1 

Charls  our  Dread-Soveraigti  s  murther'd  at  His* gate  ! 
Fell  fiends  !  dire  Hydra's  of  a  stiff-neckt-State ! 
Strange  Bodie-Politicke  /  whose  Members  spread, 
And  Monster-like,  swell  bigger  then  their  Head. 

Charls  of  Great  Britaine  I  Hee  who  was  the  knowne 
King  of  three  Realms,  lies  murther'd  in  his  Owne. 
Hee  !  Hee !  who  hVd,  and  Faith's  Defender  stood, 
Die'd  here  to  re-Baptize  it  in  His  Blood. 

No  more,  no  more.     Fame's  Trumpe  shall  Eccho  all 
The  rest  in  dreadful  Thunder.     Such  a  Fall 
Great  Christendome  ne're  Pattern'd ;  and  'twas  strange 
Earth's  Center  reel'd  not  at  this  dismal  change. 

The  Blow  struck  Britaine  blinde,  each  well-set  Limbe 
By  Dislocation  was  lop'd  off  in  Him. 
Though  Shee  yet  lives,  Shee  lives  but  to  condole 
Three  Bleeding  Bodies  left  without  a  Senile. 

Religion  puts  on  Black.    Sad  Loyaltie 
Blushes  and  Mourns  to  see  bright- Majestie 
Butcher  d  by  such  Assassinates;  nay  both 
'Gainst  God,  'gainst  Law,  Allegiance,  and  their  Oath. 

Farewell  sad  Isle  I     Farewell !    Thy  fatal  Glory 
Is  Summ'd,  Cast  up,  and  Cancell'd  in  this  Story. 

Aprill  30,  1649. 
'  Date  added  with  ink  in  contemporaneous  writing. 

1  Observe  the  words  *  Sole  Cadente  *  in  the  chronogram,  '  at  the  setting  of  the  sun.' 
*  The  gate  of  the  Palace  of  Whitehall  where  he  was  executed. 


*8  ENGLAND— OLIVER  CROMWELL. 

I  HE  next  in  order  of  date  is  a  volume  of  tracts  (British  Museum, 
press-mark  e.  740).  One  of  them  is  devoted  to  the  praises  of 
x  Cromwell,  by  various  members  of  the  University  of  Oxford. 
'Musarum  Oxoniensium  EAa«£o/na,  sive  ob  foedera,  Auspiciis 
serenissimi  Oliveri  Reipub:  Ang:  Scot:  et  Hiber:  Domini  Protectoris, 
inter  Rempub:  Britannicam  et  Ordines  Foederatos  Belgii  faeliciter 
stabilita,  Gentis  Togatae  ad  vada  Isidis  celeusma  metricum.  Oxoniae, 
1654.     Pp.  104. 

ue.  The  bringing  of  the  Olive-branch  of  the  Oxford  Muses,  otherwise, 
A  metrical '  celeusma  *  (or  call  given  by  the  chief  oarsman  to  commence 
rowing)  of  the  gownsmen  at  the  ford  of  the  river  Isis,  on  the  treaty  happily 
established  under  the  auspices  of  the  most  serene  Oliver,  the  Lord  Protector 
of  the  Republic  of  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland,  between  the  British 
Republic  and  the  confederated  States  of  Holland. 

There  are  many  poems  in  Latin  and  some  in  Greek,  and  only  one 
chronogram,  at  p.  48. 

Chronogramma  triumphale. 
qVarentI,  ornaVIt  qVIs  tantA  paCe  brItannos?  \ 

hoC  DeCVs  InsIgnIs,  DIC,  oLIVerVs  habet.  f  _       - 

attVLIt  Is  nobIs  pergrata  InsIgnIa  honorIs  t  *4 

PACIS   ET  OPTATjE   GRATA  TROPHiEA  sIbI.  ) 

J.  F.  Col:  Oxon: 
i.e.  To  him  who  inquires  who  adorned  the  Britons  with  so  great  a 
peace  t  Say,  thai  Oliver  has  gained  that  distinguished  glory.    He  brought 
to  us  that  very  agreeable  mark  of  honour,  and  to  himself  the  joyful 
trophies  of  the  wished  for  peace. 


A  volume  of  congratulation  poems,  by  members  of  the  University  of 
Oxford,  on  the  arrival  in  England  of  Catharine  of  Braganza,  the 
intended  wife  of  King  Charles  11.,  intituled,  *  Domiduca  Oxoniensis  : 
sive  Musae  Academicse  Gratulatio  ob  auspicatissimum  serenissimae 
Principis  Catharinae  Lusitanae,  Regi  suo  desponsatae  in  Angliam 
appulsum.'  Oxonias,  1662.  No  pagination.  (British  Museum,  press- 
mark 1 2 13.  1.  38.) 

On  leaf  40,  a  set  of  acrostic  verses  on  the  name  Catherina  Steuart, 
concludes  with  this  chronogram — 

DVrent  sVa  noMIna  s^CLIs.  =     1662 

On  leaf  53,  a  set  of  verses  is  preceded  by  this  chronogram- 
f^eLICIa  ConnVbIa  CaroLo  brItannICo 
et  catharine  braganzie  omnes  angli  }►  =     1662 

OPTANT. 


i- 


On  leaf  54,  a  Latin  poem  of  twelve  lines,  signed  by  Moses 
Pengry,  A.B.  e  Coll:  JEn.  Nas:,  is  preceded  by  these  chronograms  on 
the  return  of  King  Charles  11.  from  exile,  and  on  the  arrival  of  the 
queen — 


f 


ENGLAND— WILLIAM  THE  THIRD.  29 

In  reditum  Regis. 
angLIa  pLaVDe,  reDVX   reX,  saLVos  LVCe  brItannos  1  ,, 

angLICVs  ILLVstrat  soL  orIente  sVos.  J  "" 

In  adventum  reginae. 
appVLIt  hVC  feLIX  regIna,  eVge  !  o,  Dea  sane  !  )  _       ,,• 

hoC  renoVata  tIbI,  haC  LVX  DVpLICata  fVIt.  J  "~     I002 

Charles  the  Second  and. Catharine  of  Braganza  were  married  at 
Portsmouth  on  21st  May  1662.  She  called  herself  Queen  of  Great 
Britain  from  the  time  of  the  signature  of  the  marriage-contract  at 
Lisbon. 

The  tract  ends  with  leaf  68,  and  contains  no  more  chronograms. 

THE  following  relate  to  the  victory  gained  by  William  in.  in 
*  Ireland,  and  the  defeat  of  the  invasion  led  by  James  11. ;  the 
passage  of  the  river  Boyne  and  the  battle  and  the  surrender  of 
Limerick.     (From  Zedler's  Univ.  Lex.  lvi.  1040) — 
traIeCto  fLWIo  Vno  pene  DIe  hybernIaM  sVperaVIt,  )  , 

aVfVgo  rege.  '  f  -     l69° 

VIVat  VVILheLMVs  aVrIaCVs  VICtor  aVgVstVs  angLIje  i  6 

sCorl*  hIbernLe  gaLLLe  reX.    Anno  setatis  suae,  xli.  /         x  91 

i.e.  The  river  being  passed  over  almost  in  one  day,  he  overcame 
Ireland,  the  king  {James  11.)  having  fled.  Long  live  William  of  Orange, 
the  august  conqueror,  the  king  of  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland.  In 
the  41st  year  of  his  age. 

The  events  here  alluded  to  by  the  German  writer  are  these : 
James  n.  of  England  finding  himself  nearly  deserted  by  everybody 
in  the  government  of  the  country,  and  having  sent  over  the  queen 
and  the  young  prince  to  France,  himself,  in  the  night  of  the  12  th 
December  1688,  embarked  with  a  single  attendant  in  a  boat  at  White- 
hall Stairs,  but  was  forced  to  land  at  Faversham,  from  whence  he 
returned  to  London  on  the  16th  December.  His  son-in-law,  William, 
Prince  of  Orange,  who  had  been  invited  by  the  heads  of  the  parties 
in  the  state,  landed  in  England  with  a  force  of  14,000  men  on  the 
5th  November  1688,  and  on  the  1 7th  of  December  he  came  to  London. 
He  desired  James  to  leave  the  palace,  who  then  proceeded  to 
Rochester,  and  on  23d  December  embarked  on  board  a  frigate,  and 
was  conveyed  to  Ambleteuse  in  Brittany ;  thence  he  repaired  to  St. 
Germains,  where  Louis  xiv.  gave  him  the  chateau  for  his  residence, 
and  bestowed  on  him  a  small  revenue.  Meanwhile  the  English  crown 
was  settled  upon  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange,  as  King 
William  in.  and  Queen  Mary.  In  the  beginning  of  March  1689  . 
James  sailed  from  Brest,  landed  at  Kinsale,  and  immediately  marched 
to  Dublin  with  a  small  force  supplied  by  the  French  king.  A  few 
weeks  afterwards  he  laid  siege  to  Londonderry,  and  was  unsuccessful 
there.  After  various  military  operations,  his  cause  was  finally  ruined 
by  the  defeat  received  from  King  William  in  person  at  the  battle  of 
the  Boyne,  fought  on  the  1st  July  169a     William  with  his  forces 


30  ENGLAND— WILLIAM  THE  THIRD. 

crossed  the  river  Boyne,  as  mentioned  in  the  chronogram,  and  James 
again  took  refuge  in  France,  and  died  there  in  1701.  After  further 
warfare,  the  terms  of  peace  in  Ireland  were  settled  by  treaty  on  the 
surrender  of  Limerick,  on  3d  of  October  1691. 

•  Among  the  numerous  medals  struck  in  commemoration  of  the 
events  in  the  history  of  the  period  of  William's  reign,  a  few  only 
bear  chronogrammatic  inscriptions.  Some  of  them  will  be  found  at 
pp.  105,  106  of  Chronograms,  and  some  of  those  are  repeated 
here  for  the  sake  of  the  improved  version  of  the  translation,  together 
with  two  additional  medals,  taken  from  some  early  sheets  of  the  British 
Museum  Catalogue'of  the  whole  series,  now  in  course  of  preparation 
by  Dr.  Herbert  A.  Grueber,  who  gives  a  careful  description  of  every 
feature  of  the  medals,  while  my  notice  is  confined  to  a  few  special 
inscriptions  only.  This  is  inscribed  on  the  edge  of  a  coronation 
medal  of  William  111. — 

CaUsa  DeI  popULIqUe  sUI  DefenDItUr  eXte.  =     1689 

i.e.  The  cause  of  God  and  of  his  people  is  defended  by  thee. 

The  reverse  of  another  coronation  medal  is  inscribed — 
gVILIeLM  .  prInCeps  .  aVrIaCVs  .  angLI,*  .  sCotIa  .  i  —       68 

franCIjE  et  hIbernLe  reX  CoronatVr  .  d.  12  Apr.  J  9 

i.e.  William,  Prince  of  Orange,  King  of  England,  Scotland,  France, 
and  Ireland,  is  crowned  21st  April  1689. 

On  the  congress  of  the  allies,  held  at  the  Hague,  to  arrange  plans 
for  resisting  France,  at  which  William  presided.  One  medal  has  this 
hexameter  inscription  on  the  edge — 

reX  regVM  ConsVLta  DeVs  fortVnet  VbIqVe.  =     1691 

i.e.  May  God,  the  King  of  kings,  prosper  everywhere  their  consultations. 

Another  congress  medal,  not  hitherto  published,  is  inscribed  in  the 
exergue — 

ILLVstrI   sIInCretIsMo   hagjB   In   febrVarIo    eX  Voto  )  _       , 
poLI  et  orbIs  feLICIter  ConCLVso.  /  ~*       .9I 

i.e.  Dedicated  by  the  decree  of  the  people  and  the  world  to  the  most  illus- 
trious alliance  auspiciously  concluded  at  the  Hague  in  February  169 1. 

On  the  battle  of  the  Hague ;  this  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse 
is  on  the  edge  of  the  medal — 

ConCastIgatVs  gaLLorVM  fastVs  et  astVs  )  6 

fLVCtIbVs  et  pVgna  fraCtVs  atroCe  fragor.  j  9 

i.e.  The  pride  and  cunning  of  the  French  on  the  seas  chastised,  and  the 
crash  effected  by  a  severe  contest. 

mmmimiuii 

4  folio  volume  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  885.  m.  8. 
1-20),  is  a  collection  of  single  printed  sheets,  and  is  labelled, 
taphs,  Elegies,  etc,'  mostly  relating  to  persons  of  celebrity  in 
England.  All  are  more  or  less  curious,  and  I  gather  four  chrono- 
grams. No.  8  in  the  collection  is  on  the  death,  on  28th  December 
1694,  of  Queen  Mary  n.  of  England,  wife  of  Wlliam  hi.  *  Elegiacus 
Ultramarinae  Palladis  Planctus  in  moestum  et  infandum  obitum  augustse 


ENGLAND.  31 

Maris  Stuart  regin*  ter  magni  optiraique  Gulielmi  in.  Magnae 
Britanniae  regis  optimse  ut  ut  (sic)  dilectissimse  consortis.  .  .  .  Tot 
versus  quot  annos  vixit,  continens.  In  aeternam  aeternae  gratitudinis 
gratitudinem  mcestissimae  Parlamenti  utrique  cameras  jam  sedenti 
devotos  ac  oblatos  Anno  1695.' 

[Then  follow  the  verses,  explained  below.] 
Authore  F.  Colsoni  Barroducaeo  Gall:  Ital:  Hisp:  ac  Angl:  Inter- 
prete,  Londinl     Habitante  non  longe  ab  Excarabio  regio,  in  vico 
vulgb  Lothbury  dicto  sub  Falconis  insigni  Anno  1695. 

Chronologicon. 
Mors  DoCet,  heUs  VULtU  qUo  sponsa  reX  aVet  Urn*:  I )  6 

Alget  et  Exequiis  Februa  Calva  tumet  ]  ^ 

The  above  Latin  title  tells  us  that  the  queen  lived  as  many  years 
as  there  are  verses,  meaning  the  thirty-three  verses  which  immediately 
follow,  addressed  *  Ad  Parlamentum.'  Her  age  was  33.  The  others 
are,  eighteen  verses  'Ad  Populum/  and  ten  ' Epitaphium ;'  these 
numbers  have  no  special  significance,  and  the  verses  are  not  worth 
transcribing.  The  author  describes  himself  as  of  Bar-le-Duc,  and 
an  interpreter  of  foreign  languages,  living  not  far  from  the  Royal 
Exchange,  in  the  street  commonly  called  Lothbury,  at  the  sign  of  the 
Falcon. 

Sheet  No.  17.  Latin  verses  on  the  death  of  Gilbert  Burnet,  Bishop 
of  Salisbury,  followed  by  ( Epitaphium  ejusdem,'  in  which  the  follow- 
ing bombastic  verse  occurs,  the  sublime  and  the  purely  local,  a 
climax  and  an  anticlimax ;  there  is,  however,  no  chronogram — 

Mens  superum,  comitante  Choro,  pia  scandit  Olympum, 
Quod  Mortale  fuit,  clerkenwel  in  aede  quiescit 
i.e.  His  pious  soul  associating  with  the  heavenly  choir ^  climbs  to  Olympus; 
what  of  him  was  mortal  rests  in  CUrkenwell  church. 
He  died  on  17th  March  1715,  aged  73. 

Sheet  No.  20  is  '  Octostichon  Eucharistichon'  (verses  congratulat- 
ing King  George  1.  on  his  arrival  in  England)  ( ej  usque  nobile  nomen 
acrostichide  Rotundante  multoties  exhibens.'  The  acrostic  consists 
of  eight  curious  hexameter  lines,  of  six  words  each,  on  the  name 
georgius.  Then  follow  two  chronograms  giving  the  year  in  which 
the  king  began  to  reign,  and  one  intended  to  give  his  age  at  that 
period — 

'Eteostichon  An:  Dom:  17 14,  quo  R.  g.  regnare  coepit  Literis 
numeralibus,  denotans.' 
regI  CVnCtIpotens,  proaVI  Det  teMpora  regnI.  =     17 14 

Imo  obnixfe  rogamus  ut 
CVnCtIpotens,  sophLe  Det  eI  bona  teMpora  VItje.  =     17 14 

'Eteostichon  alterum  An:  iEtatis  G.  r.  sub  regni  initio  Lit:  Num: 
Sc:  liivi  (54)  exhibens.     [*.*.  56  less  2.] 

brIttanIs  regnet,  referat  se  serVs  In  aLtos. 
This  chronogram  is  wrong,  it  makes  58;  George  the  First  was 
born  on  28th  May  1660,  he  was  consequently  54  years  old  in  17 14. 


JOHN    PELL. 


OHN  PELL  preserved  the  chronograms  which  accom- 
pany these  remarks.  He  was  an  English  mathema- 
tician, who  resided  a  few  years  at  Zurich  and  Geneva 
as  the  agent  of  England  appointed  by  the  Protector 
Oliver  Cromwell,  to  assist  in  various  ways  the  Pro- 
testant Cantons  of  Switzerland.  Five  volumes  of  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum  ('Lansdowne  751-755  *),  contain  the  '  Pell's  Papers/  a  great 
variety  of  letters  and  documents  relating  to  the  affairs  of  the  Swiss 
Protestants,  written  in  English,  Latin,  French,  and  Italian,  wherein 
he  is  addressed  officially  as  'Joannes  Pell  .  .  .  Angliae  .  .  .  D. 
Protectoris  ablegatus  ad  .  .  .  proceres  Cantonum  Helvetiae  Evan- 
gelicorum  .  .  .  etc.* — also,  'Jean  Pell,  agent  en  Suisse  .  .  .  envers 
les  Cantons  evangeliques  en  Suisse/  Other  papers  are  addressed  to 
him  as  '  Agent  to  the  .Lord  Protector  at  the  Protestant  Cantons/  A 
document  entitled  '  Instructions  unto  Mr.  Pell*  (reference- mark,  752, 
fol.  352),  dated  20th  July  1655, signed  'Oliver  P/  Cromwell,  instructs 
Pell  about  the  assistance  he  is  to  render  to  the  Cantons,  and  to 
engage  the  help  of  the  Duke  of  Savoy  in  favour  of  his  distressed  and 
persecuted  subjects.  One  paper  (754,  fol.  400),  signed  Oliver  P.  in 
a  trembling  hand,  and  dated  'Whitehall,  May  6,  1658/  requires  Pell 
'  to  repaire  homewards  that  we  may  receive  from  you  the  account  of 
your  whole  negociation/  It  is  addressed  '  To  our  trusty  and  well- 
beloved   Mr.   Pell,  our    resident  with   the  Protestant    Cantons  of 


r 


PELL.  33 

Switzerland'  Another  paper  (754.  fol.  470)  is  a  command  or  request 
to  attend  Cromwell's  funeral  on  23d  November  [1658],  printed  on  a 
small  slip  of  paper,  with  his  name  in  writing — 

'Pell,  Esq*. 

'  You  are  desired  to  attend  the  Funeral  of  the  most  Serene  and 
most  renowned  Oliver,  late  Lord  Protector,  from  Somerset-House, 
on  Tuesday  the  23th  November  instant,  at  Eight  of  the  clock  in  the 
morning  at  the  furthest,  and  to  bring  with  you  this  Ticket;  and 
that  by  Friday  night  next  you  send  to  the  Herald's  Office,  near 
Pauls,  the  Names  of  your  Servants  that  are  to  attend  in  Mourning, 
without  which  they  are  not  to  be  admitted ;  and  also  to  take  notice 
that  no  coaches  are  to  pass  on  that  day  in  the  streets  between 
Somerset-House  and  Westminster.9  (Seal.) 

No.  3.  .  • 

Another  paper  (754.  fol.  467),  signed  by  Pell,  concerns  the  cloth 
allowed  to  him  for  mourning — 

'  I  doe  hereby  request,  that  the  proportion  of  cloth  allowed  unto 
me  by  the  Right  Honble  the  Council  as  mourning  for  his  late  High- 
nesse  the  Lord  Protector,  may  be  delivered  unto  my  Neighbour,  Mr. 
Samuel  Hartlib  the  younger. 

'Written  with  mine  owne  hand  September  25.  1658.  Gardiner's 
Lane,  neere  Kings-Street.  John  Pell.' 

Among  the  correspondents  of  Pell  was  one  John  Rudolph  Stuki, 
a  man  of  some  note  in  Switzerland ;  his  letters  are  in  Latin  and  written 
in  a  bold  hand,  and  he  was  the  means  of  preserving  the  chronograms 
now  among  Pell's  papers,  for  they  are  undoubtedly  in  his  hand- 
writing. A  letter  written  at  Zurich  by  him  to  Pell  (751.  fol.  334),  is 
thus  dated — Dab:  Tiguri  10  Jan.  '656.  paCe  DeI  L^etaMVr. 
(  =  1656.)  Another  in  the  same  volume  (fol.  344),  written  by  him 
to  Pell  at  Geneva,  concludes,  'Vale  Illustriss:  D.  et  patriae  meas 
laboranti  favete  perge — Dab:  12  Jan.  '656,  eLeCtos  MI  DeVs 
protege.  (=1656.)  In  the  volume  (756.  foL  480),  there  is  a  paper, 
partly  illegible  through  water  damage  along  the  right  margin,  written 
by  Stuki  to  Pell,  commencing,  '  Illustrissime  D.  Residens,'  and 
concluding,  '  Obitu  Condaei  His  ...  |  ...  |  bus  multum  sine 
dubio  decedit:  |  Cairdinali  quoque  hie  annus  videtur  fuisse  |  fatalis  | 
CarDInaLIs  MazarInVs. 
mdclviil 
There  is  no  other  allusion  to  Cardinal  Mazarin,  and  if  this  was 
intended  to  be  prophetic,  or  to  express  a  secret  wish,  the  fact  that  the 
Cardinal  did  not  die  until  1661  shows  how  small  was  the  influence  of 
either. 

Two  of  the  papers  written  by  Stuki  and  preserved  by  Pell  contain 
thirty-seven  chronograms.  I  give  an  entire  transcript  of  these  papers ; 
they  do  not  contain  a  single  word  of  comment  as  to  the  precise  pur- 

E 


34 


PELL. 


pose  the  chronograms  were  to  serve,  or  who  composed  them ;  two  of 
them  are  introduced  into  the  above  quoted  letters,  but  they  do  not 
stand  in  the  place  of  dates,  because  the  actual  dates  are  likewise 
given  in  figures.  They  all  seem  to  be  expressions  of  fraternity  with 
England  and  enmity  towards  the  Pope,  mixed  with  pious  ejaculations 
in  accordance  with  the  sentiments  of  the  persons  concerned  with  the 
subject  of  the  '  Pell's  Papers.' 

The  first  set  of  chronograms  is  in  '751.  foL  301.' 

Eteosticha 
in 
Annum  1655. 


DVn*I  oMnIpotens  fortVnet  Capta  JehoVa, 
et  IVngat  paX,  qVm  rVpta  fV£re  prIVs. 


}- 


sChIsMa  fVgate  VIrI,  heI,  qVo  pestIs  DIrIor  haVt  est,  )  _ 
tV  strenVos  JesV  IWa  pararIos.  J 

3- 

angLVs  et  hbLVetIVs  ConIVnCtIM  sChIsMa  fVgare         = 
tenent  :  paCIfICo  non  DeVs  aVXILIo  est  !  ss 


}= 
}- 

}■ 


pVLCra  reforMatas  protestantesqVe  synaXes 
eXtrVsIs  rIXIs,  ConneCtat  CopVLa  ChrIstI. 

5- 
sVnt  NoXfi  heroVM  natI  heV,  gVstaVI  Vt  aDoLphI 

PAPANA  NOXA  EST  fILIa. 

6. 
annVs 
sIt  saCChI  CeterIsqVe  feraX,  pIetasqVe  saCrata 
VbIqVe  sCeptrVM  eXerCeat. 

The  second  set  of  chronograms  is  in  '  754.  foL  73  ;'  all  of  them, 
except  the  first  in  group  6,  are  extremely  simple,  being  composed  of 
the  same  six  numeral  letters,  although  not  in  the  same  order. 

Omina  Anni  1656. 
1. 
Omina  Pie  talis. 

DeVM  CoLIte.  = 

DeVM,  o  bonI  CeLebrate.  = 

o  bonI,  pLaCeaMYs  Deo,  = 

zeLo  preCVM  et  fIDe.  = 

CoLVMna  DeI  nos  regat.  = 

MI  DeVs  eLeCtos  protege.  * 


**55 

1665 

2429 

774 

1*55 
1^55 


1656 
1656 
1656 
1656 
1656 
1656 


PELL.  35 

2. 

Omina  Pacts. 

LargIre  DeVs  paCeM.  =  1656 

DeLeCteMVr  Irene.  =  1656 

paCe  DeI  LiETAMVR.  =  1656 

DVLCeM  opto  Irenen.  =  1656 

DVLCIa  nos  Maneant.  =  1656 

paCeM  pIe  LVDa.  =  1656 

qVIs  paCeM  L*Deret?  =  1656 

3- 
Omina  Pads  Angluatue. 

PROTEGE  DeVS,  ANGLIiE  PROTBCtOREM.  as  1656 

senatVM  ANGLIiE  DeCora.  =  1656 

hosteM  ANGLIiE  ConfVnDe.  =  1656 

angLos  oMnes  CVstoDI.  =  1656 

nos  CLeMens  aVDI,  et  =  1656 

proroga,  DeVs,  angLLe  paCeM.  =  1656 

4i 
Omina  Pads  Helvetica. 

tVos,  patrIa,  foCos  neMo  L^Dat.  s  1656 

VInCe  MaLos,  Deo  beante.  =  1656 

Da,  pater,  heLVetI^*  paCeM.  =  1656 

CeDant  arMa  toga,  L«tetVr  patrIa  tota.  =  1656 

ARM  A  CADANT,   TOGA   SVRGAT   LjETIOR.  =a  1656 

5- 

Omina  Pafxe. 

papa  MaLeDICVs,  =1656 

papa  MaLeDICtVs,  =  1656 

Labes  obsCcena  MVnDI,  =  1656 

CaDat  MaLIs  oppressVs.  =  1656 

6. 

Omina  Belli. 

Late  beLLa  DeI  geraMVs,  =  1656 

CjeDk  MILes  hostes,  non  fVge.  =  1656 

teLo  trVCIDate  hosteM,  etc  =  1656 

^^♦•^ < 


Very  little  is  known  of  the  history  of  the  events  connected  with 
Pell's  residence  in  Switzerland ;  when  these  papers  come  to  be  suffi- 
ciently examined,  many  facts  new  to  history  will  be  brought  to  light, 
and  many  interesting  details  will  be  found  to  increase  the  small  store 
of  printed  information  which  at  present  is  accessible  concerning  him  ; 
the  following  are  almost  the  only  works  which  bear  upon  the  subject — 

1  Abrege  de  l'histoire  de  la  Suisse ;  Traduit  de  l'Allemand,  par  J. 
Gaudin.  Zurich,  181 7.'  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1054.  b.  23. 
Catalogued  under  'Switzerland.')    Page  127  alludes  to  the  troubles 


36  PELL. 

endured  by  the  Reformers,  the  persecutions  of  the  Vaudois  in  1665, 
and  a  war  then  existing  between  the  Protestant  and  the  Roman 
Catholic  Cantons. 

*  Histoire  ancienne  et  moderne  de  la  Republique  de  Geneve, — from 
the  year  of  the  world  2833  before  Christ,  to  the  year  a.d.  1779. 
Geneva  m.dcc.lxxi  x.' (British  Museum,  press-mark  157.  b.  21.) 
Page  139,  under  the  date  1655,  mentions  the  war  between  the  Can- 
tons, the  siege  of  Rapperswille,  etc.,  and  peace  subsequently  made. 

1  Relation  veritable  de  se  qui  s'est  passl  dans  les  persecutions  et 
massacres  farts  cette  annle,  aux  eglises  reform£es  de  Piemont,  etc — 

1655.' 

The  following  particulars  concerning  John  Pell  are  extracted  from 
the  General  Biographical  Dictionary,  by  A.  Chalmers,  xxiv.  264. 
John  Pell,  an  eminent  English  mathematician,  descended  from  an 
ancient  family  in  Lincolnshire,  born  1st  March  16 10.  At  the  age  of 
thirteen  he  went  to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  and  took  his  degree 
of  B.  A.  in  1628, — the  author  of  many  works.  He  was  so  eminent  in 
mathematics  that  he  became  Professor  at  Amsterdam  in  1643.  He 
afterwards  removed  to  Breda,  and  returned  to  England  in  1652.  In 
1654  he  was  sent  by  Oliver  Cromwell  as  his  agent  to  the  Protestant 
Cantons  in  Switzerland.  His  first  speech  in  Latin  to  the  deputies  at 
Zurich  was  on  the  13th  of  June ;  he  continued  in  that  city  during  most 
of  his  employment  in  Switzerland,  in  which  he  had  afterwards  the 
title  of  Resident.  Being  recalled  by  Cromwell,  he  took  his  leave  of 
the  Cantons  in  a  Latin  speech  at  Zurich  on  23d  June  1658 ;  but 
returned  to  England  so  short  a  time  before  the  usurper's  death  that 
he  had  no  opportunity  of  an  audience  from  him.  Why  Cromwell 
employed  him  does  not  appear,  but  it  is  thought  that  during  his 
residence  abroad  he  contributed  to  the  interests  of  Charles  11.  and  the 
Church  of  England ;  and  it  is  certain  that  after  the  Restoration  he 
entered  into  holy  orders,  although  at  an  unusually  advanced  period 
of  life.  He  was  ordained  deacon  31st  March  1661,  and  priest  in 
June  following,  by  Sanderson,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  and  was  instituted 
to  the  rectory  of  Fobbing  in  Essex,  given  him  by  the  king.  He  sub- 
sequently acquired  some  celebrity,  and  endured  much  misfortune, 
imtil  he  was  confined  in  the  King's  Bench  Prison  for  debt ;  in  1682 
his  friends  enabled  him  to  go  and  live  at  the  College  of  Physicians, 
but  he  was  obliged  to  leave  soon  after  in  bad  health,  and  eventually 
died  in  great  poverty  in  1685.  He  was  interred,  through  the  charity 
of  Dr.  Busby,  master  of  Westminster  school,  and  Sharp,  rector  of  St 
Giles-in-the-Fields,  in  the  rector's  tomb  in  that  church.  Some  of  his 
papers  came  into  the  possession  of  the  Royal  Society  along  with 
others  which  were  left  by  Dr.  Busby ;  the  papers  which  I  have  made 
use  of  for  the  chronograms  were  probably  unknown  to  Pell's  bio- 
graphers, and  they  will  no  doubt,  when  properly  examined,  afford 
many  illustrations  tohis  singular  career. 


r 


A    JOURNEY 

IN  GERMANY  IN 

SEARCH   OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 


iT  so  happened,  that  in  the  autumn  of  1883  I  travelled 
ovef  much  ground  new  to  me  in  Western  Germany, 
where,  led  by  the  interest  I  take  in  my  subject,  and 
the  excitement  incident  to  its  pursuit,  I  made  it  a  part 
of  my  occupation  to  search  for  chronograms,  as  I  had 
done  in  former  years  in  other  parts  of  Europe.  I  propose  to  relate 
some  of  my  experiences,  hoping  that  other  travellers  may  follow  up 
a  similar  path  of  research. 

For  this  my  purpose  I  visited  every  church  to  which  access  could 
be  gained  by  ordinary  means,  public  buildings,  castles,  and  libraries, 
directing  keen  observation  to  every  inscription,  visible  both  inside 
and  outside  of  these  and  other  buildings.  The  printed  books  within 
my  knowledge  coming  from  this  region,  show  that  chronograms  were 
well  known  to  former  inhabitants  ;  the  whole  country  has,  in  one 
way  and  another,  been  famous  in  European  history,  and  has  called 
into  action  a  large  amount  of  chronogram  matic  talent ;  I  therefore 
set  forth,  with  a  fair  prospect  of  success  before  me,  commencing  at 
(let  me  fix  on  as  a  point)  Frankfurt-on-the-Main.  The  towns  and 
localities    I   visited  were    Frankfurt,    Homburg,    Fulda,    Marburg, 


38  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

Cassel,  Eisenach,  Miinster,  Osnabrlick,  Luneburg,  Hanover,  Hildes- 
heim,  Brunswick,  Hamburg,  Lubeck,  and  on  my  way  homewards 
Brussels.  All  these  are  places  of  great  antiquity,  possessing  many 
exceedingly  interesting  churches  and  buildings,  all  I  may  say 
destined  to  contain  and  conserve  such  inscriptions  as  I  wanted.  The 
libraries,  too,  had  an  encouraging,  almost  a  fascinating  attraction  for 
me,  and  I  have  no  doubt  that  if  one  were  allowed  to  take  down  from 
the  shelves  at  pleasure,  book  after  book,  many  interesting  discoveries 
would  be  made ;  but  I  may  say,  once  for  all,  that  such  a  privilege  is 
not  found  to  exist,  nor  can  a  personal  search  be  made  in  the  library 
catalogues,  as  in  those  of  the  British  Museum,  Lambeth  Palace,  and 
our  university  libraries,  although  a  librarian  generally  does  it  willingly 
for  a  visitor.  In  such  of  the  foreign  libraries  as  I  visited,  the  titles  of 
the  books  are  written  on  slips,  and  kept  sorted  in  appropriate  boxes, 
only  to  be  handled  by  the  librarian,  so  that  unless  the  visitor  knows 
the  titles  of  the  books  wanted,  he  has  but  little  chance  of  discovering 
his  desiderata  in  a  catalogue,  and  no  chance  of  making  an  accidental 
'  find '  on  his  way  along. 

The  town-library  at  Frankfurt  is  an  excellent  one,  and  well  looked 
after.  I  met  with  polite  attention  there  from  the  chief  librarian, 
and  made,  by  means  of  his  search,  some  very  welcome  discoveries, 
and  one  in  particular  of  a  book  that  had  been  sought  for  without 
success  at  the  British  Museum,  at  the  libraries  at  Paris,  Brussels, 
Leyden,  etc.,  and  far  and  wide  among  booksellers  at  home  and 
abroad.  The  book  may  therefore  be  spoken  of  as  '  most  rare ;'  it  is 
a  bibliography  of  all  writers  on  the  dogma  of  the  '  Immaculate  Con- 
ception '  at  the  time  of  publication ;  the  title  is  '  Militia  Immaculatae 
Conceptions/  etc.,  by  Petrus  de  Alva  y  Astorga.  Published  at 
Louvain  in  1663.  I  devoted  several  days  to  transcribing  from  it, 
and  on  leaving  the  neighbourhood  I  arranged  to  have  other  extensive 
transcripts  made  of  the  great  store  of  chronograms  and  anagrams  to 
be  found  therein,  some  of  which  my  readers  will  find  at  a  later  page 
in  this  present  volume.  I  also  obtained  from  two  antiquarian  book- 
sellers at  Frankfurt  some  other  rare  books,  with  chronograms,  which 
probably  I  should  not  otherwise  have  been  able  to  procure,  or  even 
to  know  of,  and  I  am  hopeful  of  obtaining  still  more  such.  I  also 
hope  to  hear  of  more  through  one  or  two  librarians  who  may  by 
chance  find  something  in  books  under  their  particular  care.  I  visited 
the  cathedral  at  Frankfurt,  and  had  I  not  been  there  before,  and 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  39 

obtained  all  the  chronograms,  which  the  reader  will  find  printed  in 
my  work  Chronograms,  pp.  65,  66,  I  should  have  affirmed  that  not  a 
single  one  existed  in  the  building ;  the  builder  and  restorer  were  at 
work  there,  and  all  inscriptions  were  covered  up  or  obstructed  by 
scaffolding,  whilst  gaudy  paint  was  being  applied  to  every  part  of  the 
internal  walls  and  columns ;  these  are  fine  times  indeed  for  decorators 
of  this  class  in  Germany — paint  is  one  of  the  acts  of  restoration,  and 
German  taste  seems  never  to  be  satiated  with  it.  It  was  fortunate 
that  I  secured  my  chronograms  some  years  ago. 

I  was  allowed,  by  the  courtesy  of  the  librarian,  to  range  about 
with  freedom  of  search  among  the  shelves  and  presses  of  the  small 
town-library  at  Homburg,  with  full  liberty  to  take  down  and  replace 
any  of  the  books ;  the  result,  however,  was  but  trifling,  although  many 
of  the  books  there  are  curious.  I  made  the  acquaintance  there  of  a 
man  of  considerable  scientific  repute,  Dr.  Fried.  Rolle,  who  kindly 
lent  me  some  topographical  books  relating  to  Gratz  in  Styria  and 
other  places.  I  made  many  extracts,  which  will  be  found  at  a  later 
page  in  this  volume.  I  had  with  me  ready  at  a  moment's  notice  for 
production  at  libraries  and  book-shops,  a  list  of  about  a  dozen  very 
rare  books  on  my  subject,  and  not  hitherto  found  in  the  British 
Museum  and  some  other  large  libraries ;  I  cannot  say  that  I  searched 
for  the  books,  but  I  made  inquiry  for  them  at  Cassel,  Hanover,  and 
Hamburg  libraries,  without  success. 

The  town-library  at  Hamburg  is  said  to  contain  about  half-a- 
million  of  books ;  many  of  them  were  formerly  the  property  of  a 
monastery,1  which  fortunately  escaped  destruction  by  the  conflagra- 
tion which  consumed  a  great  part  of  the  town  and  surrounded  this 
building,  in  the  year  1842.  I  experienced  much  attention  here  to 
my  inquiries  from  the  chief  librarian,  Dr.  Francis  Eyssenhardt,  who, 
in  addition  to  other  linguistic  attainments,  is,  fortunately  for  me,  a 
complete  master  of  the  English  language,  and  I  am  hopeful  that  I 
shall  hear  more  of  the  contents  of  his  library  to  suit  my  purpose, 
than  the  negative  result  I  experienced  on  my  visit.  The  inhabitants 
of  this  large  commercial  city  are  not  bibliophiles.  I  searched  all  the 
churches,  and  met  with  only  one  chronogram,  viz.,  in  the  church  of 
Saint  Katharine,  where  there  is  a  mural  memorial  painted  on  a  large 


1  It  was  plundered  by  the  French  General  Davoust,  of  hated  memory,  and  many  of  its 
treasures  were  dispersed  and  sold. 


40  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

wooden  panel  in  remembrance  of  a  clergyman,  Joachim  Westphalen, 
commencing  with  the  familiar  line — 

'  Integer  vita  scelerisque  purus." 

and  beneath  are  the  following  lines — 

Doctrina  pietate,  gravis  virtutibus  arte 

Judicio  praestans,  integritate  fide 
hAC  IaCet  heV  fIXa  IoChIMVs  WestphaLVs  Vrna,  I 

qVI,  reX  ChrIste,  tVI  pastor,  oVILIs  erat,  f         I*'* 

Tres  et  triginta  solvit  feliciter  annos 

Eloquio  scriptis,  dogmata  pura  Dei 
Lustra  habuit  vitse  bis  sex  et  quatuor  annos 

Cum  placide  subiit  regna  beata  patris. 
Anno  1576.  Renov:  1725. 

The  chronogram  alone  is  given  at  page  212  of  my  former  work, 
Chronograms,  as  having  been  in  the  cathedral;  that  building  was 
burnt  by  the  great  conflagration.  I  found  no  other  chronograms  in 
that  city. 

The  picturesque  town  of  Eisenach  is  celebrated  for  having  been 
the  place  where  Luther  studied,  and  subsequently  for  his  refuge  at 
the  Wartburg  Castle  on  the  neighbouring  mountain,  which  he  called 
his  Patmos ;  I  observed  the  large  stone-tablet  fixed  to  the  west  front 
of  the  church  in  the  market-place  to  the  memory  of  Johannes 
Hiltenius,  a  supporter  of  Luther's  reformation.  One  cold  morning 
before  breakfast,  when  the  market  people  were  about,  but  not  inter- 
fering, I  copied  nearly  the  whole  of  the  inscription,  and  chronograms, 
and  predictions,  not  altogether  an  easy  task,  because  decay  has 
rendered  some  of  the  words  doubtful  and  even  illegible.  The  inscrip- 
tion states  that  it  was  renewed  in  1669 — 

' '  RENOVATUM  A&  CID  ID  LX  IX.      Sumptibus  I.M.' 

The  decay  of  the  stone  appears  to  be  from  natural  causes,  and 
not  from  wilful  injury,  to  which  it  might  be  liable  in  its  present 
accessible  and  exposed  position.  My  readers  may  find  the  very 
curious  inscription  at  page  336  of  Chronograms,  as  I  obtained  it  from 
the  work  there  cited.  The  towns  of  Brunswick  and  Lubeck  were 
unproductive  to  me,  but  perhaps  my  search  was  not  exhaustive,  and 
I  may  say  as  much  for  Marburg,  which  of  all  other  towns  seemed  to 
be  the  most  hopeful,  as  it  is  most  charmingly  picturesque. 

Fulda,  as  may  be  seen  in  my  book  Chronograms,  pp.  505-522,  has 
been  highly  distinguished  in  chronogrammatic  literature,  and  conse- 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  41 

quently  I  expected  to  gather  a  rich  harvest  there,  for  which  I  made 
a  special  journey  to  the  town.  It  is  true  that  there  exists  a  vast 
episcopal  palace  and  gardens,  and  a  great  cathedral,  both  built  in  the 
earlier  part  of  the  last  century,  at  or  about  the  time  when  Fulda  was 
raised  from  its  dignity  of  a  very  ancient  abbacy  to  that  of  a  modern 
bishopric,  the  abbot  becoming  a  prince-bishop,  retaining  also  his 
previous  title  of  abbot.  There  are  likewise  other  great  churches,  and 
in  the  vicinity  there  is  a  large  pilgrimage  church,  seated  conspicuously 
on  a  hill,  approached  through  an  avenue  of  shade-giving  trees,  and 
leading  on  to  the  c  Calvary '  hill,  composed  of  dark  volcanic  rock. 
All  this  was  very  encouraging.  I  made  but  a  poor  collection  of 
chronograms,  obtaining  only  two  from  the  monuments  of  bishops  in 
the  cathedral.  Comparing  this  locality  with  other  places,  Prague  for 
instance,  such  a  result  was  very  disappointing.  The  town  has  the 
appearance  of  the  decay  of  past  and  gone  princely  splendour  and 
ecclesiastical  dignity,  while  chronogrammatic  spirit  is  almost  totally 
absent. 

In  following  up  this  pursuit  it  is  proper  to  bear  in  one's  recollec- 
tion that,  besides  the  destruction  committed  by  war,  conflagrations, 
and  other  inevitable  agencies,  the  modern  races  of  men  do  not  as  a 
rule  understand  chronograms,  and  grieve  not  at  their  destruction,  and 
it  must  be  clear  to  the  observation  of  every  one  that  the  modern 
restorer  when  left  to  the  perpetration  of  his  own  devices,  cares  more 
for  his  own  work  than  that  of  his  pious  predecessors  ;  the  modern 
decorator  too  cares  only  for  his  paint,  and  the  payment  he  may  re- 
ceive for  the  indiscriminate  application  of  it  It  therefore  behoves  all 
travellers  and  tourists  to  copy  carefully  all  chronogrammatic  inscrip- 
tions, whether  perfect  or  not,  while  they  are  yet  to  be  found,  so  that 
each  man,  woman,  and  Child,  whilst  pursuing  an  interesting  occupa- 
tion, may  help  to  preserve  some  things  that  are  otherwise  doomed  to 
destruction  and  oblivion. 

Having  given  some  of  my  experiences,  though  to  a  greater  length 
than  I  intended,  I  now  proceed  to  lay  before  my  readers  the  actual 
results  of  this,  one  of  rambles. 

In  the  parish  church  of  Ober-Ursel,  near  Homburg  in  Hesse,  a 
mural  tablet  to  a  lady  named  Thornet,  who  died  in  1746,  contains 
these  chronograms,  the  words  of  which,  in  the  original  inscription,  are 
all  run  together  in  a  very  confused  manner — 

sIste  tVos  preCor  hIC  gressVs  qVICVnqVe  VIator  \  , 

aD  sVperos  CaLIDas  eIaCVLare  preCes.  J  74 


ffff1 


42 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 


(Here  follows  the  epitaph  inscription.) 
eXaVDIat  IgItVr  DeVota  Ista  DeVs  Vota  )  __ 

et  reqVIesCas  In  paCe.  J 

Over  the  door  of  another  church  at  Ober-Ursel,  inscribed  beneath 
an  image  of  a  saint  bearing  the  model  of  a  building — 
DIgnare  nobIs   MIserIs   In   agone  ConstItVtIs  patroCInIo 
tVo  assIstere. 

Over  the  door  of  a  small  roadside  chapel  near  the  new  railway 
station  (September  1883)  of  Ober-Ursel,  in  the  avenue  of  chestnut- 
trees  ;  the  chapel  was  built,  as  it  appears,  by  Adam  Uhl  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth  Uhlin,  in  1741 — 

saCros  Istos  Lares  ;eterno  beat*;  VIrgInIs  honorI  eXstrVXIt 
aDaM  VhL  II  qVeIs  CVM  VXore  sVa  eLIsabetha  VhLIn= 

NATA   BENDERlN   pIjE   PARENTl   iETERNiE   SE   OFFERT.   ||  = 

This  chronogram  gives  the  date  twice  at  the  places  where  the  bars  || 
are  inserted.     The  inscription,  cut  in  the  stone,  is  undergoing  decay. 

At  the  roadside  near  the  cemetery  of  Ober-Ursel  stands  a  stone 
crucifix ;  a  slab  of  red  sandstone  in  the  pedestal  has  a  votive  inscrip- 
tion in  old  German,  comprising  this  chronogram,  the  letters  of  which 
were  formerly  gilt,  but  now  are  almost  illegible  through  decay.  There 
is  no  other  date—  aLsq  bItet 

MarIa  VrsVLa  VVaLLaVVIn 
so  DIes  essaVff  GESETZET. 
In  the  parish  church  of  Bommersheim,  near  Homburg,  on  a  mural 
tablet  to  the  memory  of  Herr  Henrich  Schmitt,  who  died  in  1 75  2 — 
LVX  henrICe  tVI  rapVIt  te  saCra  patronI  \  __ 

qVeM  ConstrVXIstI,  ConCIpe  terra  L0C0.  j  ~~ 

The  remainder  of  the  epitaph  is  in  German. 

I  visited  the  neighbouring  parish  churches  of  Weissenkirch, 
Gonzenheim,  Kirdorf,  and  Weisskirchen,  in  further  search  of  chrono- 
grams, without  finding  any. 

At  Fulda  I  found  only  two  chronograms,  both  in  the  Cathedral ; 
the  monument  of  Bishop  Constantinus  (who  is  described  in  the  epi- 
taph as  Prince-Abbot,  Baron  de  Buttelar1),  is  thus  dated — 
Vt  VIrtVtIs  honor  VIgeat  post  fata  sVperstes  )  _ 

hoC  ConstantIno  ponIt  aManDVs  op  Vs.  J  "~ 

A*  MDCCXXXX. 

The  monument  of  another  Prince-Abbot  and  bishop  has  this  date. 

qVos  tV  nVnC  CIneres  LaCryMIs  Consperge  VIator        )  _ 

LVstrantesqVe  IVVa  sIC  reLeVare  rogos.  j  "~ 

At  Luneburg,  in  the  church  of  Saint  John  (a  fine  structure,  the 
interior  is  an  important  example  of  the  German  Gothic  style),  there 
are  (1883)  some   portraits  in   the  north  aisle;  one  represents   the 


1746 


=  1720 


}- 


1741 
1741 


1739 


1752 


1740 


1700 


1  This  bishop  belonged  to  an  English  family, 
died  in  1726 ;  the  monument  was  erected  in  1740. 


See  Chronograms,  pp.  506-509.     He 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  43 

reformer  Philip  Melanchthon  in  full  size,  his  hand  points  to  an  open 
book  showing  this  sentence,  '  Heute  bratet  ihr  ein  Ganss  iiber  ioo 
jahr  wird  ein  weissen  Schwan  kofften  den  werdet  ihr  nicht  todten 
konnen,'  and  on  the  next  page  the  finger  points  particularly  to  the 
name  of  Huss  in  the  chronogram — 
VItaM  heV  ConstantI  ConstantIa  Vt  abstVLIt  hVsso    )  _J 

reLLIqVIIs  VstI  rhenVs  VbIqVe  VIget.  f  ""     I415 

And  beneath  this  may  be  read,  '  A?.  141 1.  Hat  M.  Johafies  Huss 
angefangenzu  predigen  in  der  kirche  Bethlehem  zu  Prag.  A?  141 5 
zu  Costnitz  verbrandt' 

i.e.  (the  chronogram)  When,  alas  I  Constance  took  away  the  life  of  the 
constant  Huss,  the  Rhine  Is  everywhere  alive  with  the  relics  of  the  burnt 
martyr.  Observe  the  play  on  the  name  '  Huss '  and  the  word  *  usti ' 
(burnt) ;  he  was  burnt  to  death  at  Constance,  and  his  ashes  were 
thrown  into  the  Rhine,  which,  as  it  were,  thus  spread  his  doctrines 
along  its  course  through  Germany  to  the  sea.  See  also  Chronograms, 
P-  333- 

At  Osnabruck  I  found  only  one  chronogram.  In  the  Cathedral 
a  mural  monument  with  elaborate  ornamentation  bearing  the  dust  of 
very  many  years,  put  up  to  perpetuate  the  memory  of  Bishop  Boi- 
donius,  has  an  inscription  now  to  be  read  with  difficulty,  which  tells 
us  that  he  died  in  161 1,  aged  60,  and  concludes  thus — 
imeC  sIbI  pr*posItI,  Magno  piueCLarVs  honore  1  =       6lI 

ConfeCIt  LaChesI  pensa  trahente  ferA.  J  l 

J  At  Hanover  I  found  no  chronograms  in  churches  or  public  places,  ^ 
and  only  one  in  the  Museum  on  a  medal.  There  is  in  the  Museum 
a  large  collection  of  the  steel  dies  from  which  the  medals  and  money 
of  the  kingdom  were  struck,  impressions  of  which  in  lead  are  deposited 
in  the  usual  sort  of  glass  cases  away  from  the  good  light,  and  well 
obscured  by  dust  The  dies  themselves  are  more  conveniently 
arranged  for  inspection,  but  that  of  the  following  medal  is  not  among 
them  (October  1883),  neither  side  of  the  medal.  The  device  is  some- 
what intricate.  The  legend  begins  after  three  asterisks — *  *  * 
oMnIa  non  nIsI  proVIDo  et  Vegeto  ConsILIo.  =     1666 

The  next  legend  surrounds  the  device  in  two  lines  in  this  order — 

qVm  Lata  fronDe  VIrebaM  *  )  ,,* 

nVnC  /=     l666 

///  centre 
a  leafless 
tree. 

rIgVI  )  ^ 

sIC  transIt  gLorIa  MVnDI  *  J 

The  chronogram  words  thus  read  together  make  the  date  1666  three 
times  repeated.     The  other  side  of  the  medal  cannot  be  seen. 

It  is  hardly  possible  to  imagine  a  place  more  interesting  to  the 
antiquary  than  Hildesheim  :  in  the  Cathedral  there,  near  the  north 


1666 


44  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

door,  a  Turkish  military  flag  is  suspended,  apparently  of  silk,  and  dull 
brown  or  dirty  green  in  colour,  and  beneath  it  a  wooden  tablet  with 
this  inscription  in  gilt  letters  on  a  black  ground  (which  I  copied  on 
6th  October  1883)— 

'trophjeVM  fVgat\*  LVnje'et  CaptI  beLgraDI.  =     17 17 

Ab  augustissimo  Imperatore  nostro  Carolo  vi.  serenissimo  Electori 
Coloniensi  Josepho  Clementi  donatum,  ab  eodem  principe  et  episcopo 
nostro  ad  nos  missum,  et  in  hac  cathedrali  Hildesiensi  de  concensu 
illustrissimi  Capituli  hujatis  in  perenne  monumentum  victoriae  tarn 
illustris  erectum.1 

i.e.  A  trophy  of  the  Crescent  (the  Turks)  put  to  flight  and  of  Belgrade 
taken.  Presented  by  our  most  august  emperor  Charles  VL  to  the  most 
serene  Elector  Joseph-Clement  of  Cologne ',  and  sent  to  us  by  the  same, 
our  prince-bishop  ;  and  in  this  cathedral,  with  the  consent  of  the  most 
illustrious  Chapter  thereof,  hung  up  as  a  perpetual  memorial  of  so 
renowned  a  victory.  The  defeat  of  the  Turks  and  capture  of  Belgrade 
by  Charles  vi.  was  in  17 17.     See  Chronograms,  p.  159,  etc 

At  Hildesheim,  in  the  street  'Vorderer  Bruhl,'  there  is  a  small 
church  with  buildings  attached,  formerly  belonging,  as  inscriptions 
indicate,  to  the  '  Capucin  Convent  in  the  garden  of  lights/  It  is  now 
a  school,  etc.,  called  the  'Priests'  Seminary'  (October  1883);  the 
interior  corridors,  cloister,  and  church,  look  cold,  cheerless,  and 
whitewashy.  Outside  the  building,  on  the  front  facing  the  street,  is  a 
conspicuous  decaying  stone  tablet,  with  the  figure  of  the  Virgin  and 
Child,  heraldic  shields  beneath,  probably  the  arms  of  the  founder  or 
benefactor,  and  this  inscription  cut  in  relief — 

Conventus  Capucinorum  in  horto  luminorum  1732. 
soLI  Deo  honor  atqVe  gLorIa  | 

patrIjE  paX  benefaCtorIbVs  >=     1732 

retrIbVtIo  seMpIterna.  j 

Over  the  door  of  the  church  is  this  inscription  painted  in  black  on 
the  stone,  almost  washed  out  and  only  partly  legible ;  over  it  is  a 
figure  of  the  Virgin — 

VIrgo  DeI  Mater  sanCtVs  ICon  (  .  .  .  illegible.)  =     17 13 

Over  the  side  door,  the  entrance  to  the  convent,  is  a  stone  carving 
which  represents  the  Virgin  and  Child,  on  either  side  is  a  candlestick 
with  two  lighted  candles  standing  in  an  enclosure  or  fence  (of  a 
garden  ?)  made  of  basket  work,  and  this  inscription  in  hexameter  and 
pentameter  leonine  verse — 

aVXILIIs  ortI  DIVInIs  LVMInIs  hortI  I 

serVIs  VIrgo  faVe,  qVjeqVe  sInIstra  CaVe.  /  "     I7°9 

My  careful  search  at  Hildesheim  was  not  rewarded  by  the  dis- 
covery of  any  more  chronograms  there. 

Minister  in  Westphalia,  a  place  celebrated  for  many  stirring 
events  in  history,  none  of  which,  however,  did  I  find  to  be  commemo- 
rated in  chronograms ;  but  these  I  did  find  and  transcribe  there — 


f 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  45 

In  the  Cathedral,  the  monument  of  Ferdinand,  Free-Baron  of 
Plattenburg,  Dean  of  the  Cathedral,  etc  etc.,  has  an  inscription 
which  says  that  he  was  born  in  1650,  and  died  in  1712,  an  example 
of  all  virtues ;  concluding  with  these  chronograms — 

CVnCta  MVnDI  bona  transIre.  =     17 12 

soLa  CoeLestIa  In  jEternVM  DVrare.  =     1712 

ne  properes  VIator  sIste,  DeVote  Lege,  ConteMpLare.       =     1712 

et  pIe  DefVnCto  reqVIeM  preCare.  =     17 12 

The  monument  consists  of  a  fine  group  in  white  marble  of  Christ's 
agony  in  the  garden,  and  subscriptions  are  invited  for  putting  it  into 
good  order  and  repair. 

Another  monument,  at  present  obstructed  by  scaffolding,  and 
covered  with  the  dust  of  works  of  restoration  now  in  progress  in  the 
Cathedral,  bears  an  inscription  to  the  memory  of  one  of  the  noble 
family  of  Droste,  and  this  chronogram,  to  be  read  with  difficulty — 
oCtobrIs  seXtVs  LVXIt  soL  ante  CaLenDas  )  = 

qVo  CeLeber  Leto  Droste  potItVs  obIt.  J  ""     x594 

The  following  are  in  the  church  of  St  Ludger,  inscribed  on  the 
brackets,  which  support  statues  of  life  size.  That  of  St  Barbara 
bears — 

s.  Barbara  eIne  IVngfraV  aVCh  eIne  MartIrIn  In  sterben 
1st  eIne  patronIn  VnD  besChVtzerIn.  =     1735 

That  of  St  John  bears  this,  and  the  names  of  the  donors — 
praCVsorI  DoMInI  ILLIVsqVe  baptIsta  posVerVnt,  =     1731 

F.  F.  Wettendorff.     M.  C.  W.  Zumbrock.     Conjuges. 

That  of  St  Joseph  with  the  child  Jesus,  bears  this — 
VIro  MarLe  VIrgInIs  et  nVtrItIo  IesV  ChrIstI  DICabant,  =     1731 
F.  F.  Wettendorff.     M.  C.  W.  Zumbrock.     Conjuges. 

There  are  some  other  statues  without  such  inscriptions. 

Over  the  door  of  a  church  attached  to  the  '  Clemens  Hospital,' 
built  by  the  bishop,  Clement-Augustus — l 

pro  perennI  Verm  MIserICorDLe  sIgno  eXpensIs  sVIs 
erIgebat  aVgVstVs  baVarI^e  prInCeps  pater  patrIm.  =     1 75 1 

And  over  the  door  inside  the  church  is  this  verse — 
aVgVstos  aVgVsta  DeCent  nVnC  ConCInIt  orbIs  \  _ 

ConVenIt  aVgVsto  hmC  fabrICa  DIgna  sVo.  j  I7SI 

i.e.  For  a  perpetual  sign  of true  pity \  and  at  his  own  expense,  Augustus, 
Prince  of  Bavaria,  the  father  of  his  country,  erected  this  church. — The 
world  now  agrees  that  august  things  become  august  persons  ;  it  is  gener- 
ally agreed  that  this  building  is  worthy  of  its  own  Augustus. 

**  At  Hesse-Cassel  I  found  no  chronograms  in  churches  or  other 
public  places,  and  in  the  Museum  only  I  procured  the  following, 
copying  from  the  medals  contained  in  glass  cases,  inconveniently 
placed  for  my  purpose.  I  must  say,  after  some  experience,  that  bad 
light  outside,  and  worse  light   inside  the  building,  awkward  glass 

1  This  bishop  Clement- Augustas  is  mentioned  at  a  later  page  in  this  volume.    See  index. 


46  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

cases,  hurry,  custodians  waiting  about  to  shut  up  the  museum  after 
the  easy  attendance  of  two  hours,  besides  the  constant  influence  of 
beautiful  and  attractive  objects  all  around,  do  not  aid  one's  endeavours 
to  transcribe  the  minute  legends  stamped  on  medals,  only  one  side  of 
which  can  be  seen. 

A  medal  to  a  Bishop  of  Wurzburg  and  Mayence— 
Ioan:    phILLIp.   pranC.    ep.    herbIpoLIen:   s.r.1.   pr:    fr:   or. 
DVX.  PRiEPO.  Moa  =1771 

Another  medal,  with  device  of  the  aloe  plant  (See  also  Chrono- 
grams,  p.  132.)— MVnDI  sIC  transIt  gLorIa  LenIs.  =     1710 

Another  medal  represents  a  woman  in  a  triumphal  chariot,  one 
hand  supporting  a  shield  with  the  badge  of  Mayence,  a  wheel,  the 
other  hand  holding  a  key,  opposite  to  her  a  cock  with  outspread 
wings,  on  one  is  the  wheel  of  Mayence,  on  the  other  is  a  key; 
inscribed — 

proVIDentIa  CVM  sorte  CLaVIs  et  rotje.1 
Exergue—'  Moguntiae.     8  Jvl.  1763 — Wormatiae  1.  Mart 

1763/ 

Another  very  large  medal.  In  the  centre  a  cartouche  or  shield 
containing  this  double  chronogram — 

Ita  DeCoratVs  aMICI  tItVL:  =     1764 

In  Deo  si  VeLIt  Constans  reqVIesCaM.  =     1764 

and  in  the  circumference, — *  Ludovicus  VIII.  D.G.  H  assise 
Landgravius  s.r.i.  princeps/  etc.  '  Francisco  Theresiae 
Josepho  Austria  stirpi  devotissimus.'     And  portrait 

Another  medal  represents  the  sacrifice  of  a  lamb  on  an  altar,  and 
sVsCIpIens  aonVM  pro  DeLICto.     lev.  xiv.  24.  =     1763 

and  in  the  exergue — 
Data  sVnt  ILLI  InCensa  MVLta.    apoc.  viii.  3.  =     1763 

Another  medal,  shield  of  heraldic  arms,  inscribed — 
fIDes  spes  CharItas  tres  anChor*  saLVtIs  Mem.  =     1758 

Another  medal,  St  Martin  of  Tours  dividing  his  robe  with  a 
beggar,  inscribed — 

sVb  DeI  VoLentIs  et  MartInI  aVspICIIs  sanVs  fIt 
IVBlLiEVs.  ^  =s     1740 

Exergue— Benedict,  xiv.  Pontifex  Maximus. 

Another  medal  represents  St.  Martin  on  horseback  and  the  beggar 
(the  principal  church  in  Cassel  is  dedicated  to  this  saint)— 
Deo,  noVo   GesarI;    IMperIo  aVstrLe   et    fratrIbVs   sVIs 
IVbILaVs  IVbILat.  =     1745 

Another  medal,  a  woman  looking  upwards  at  rays  proceeding  from 
the  sky,  inscribed — 
beneDICtIo  CceLI  sIt  sVper  Me.  =     1759 

1  This  seems  to  be  defective ;  possibly  other  chronogrammatic  words  are  on  the  other, 
the  invisible,  side  of  the  medal. 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  47 

Another  medal  is  inscribed — 
annos  .  per  .  CentVM  .  DVrat  .  paX  .  Ista  .  VIgetqVe  .         )  =  g 

reLLIgIonIs  .  opVs  .  spargIte  (in  exergue)  thVrapII.  J  I74 

'  Confirm  :   Aquisgran  :   (Aix-Ia-Chapette)  MDCCXLVIII., 

The  device  is  an  altar  with  Christian  emblems,  on  one  side  a  female 
figure  of  '  Faith/  and  on  the  other  side  people  kneeling.  This  relates 
to  the  treaty  of  Aix-la-Chapelle  of  1748  between  England,  France, 
Holland,  Austria,  Spain,  Sardinia,  and  Modena,  which  terminated  the 
war  respecting  the  succession  of  Maria  Theresa  to  the  Empire. 

A  large  medaL  View  of  a  city  fortified,  in  foreground  two  quarrel- 
some birds  holding  a  Maltese  cross,  above  all  a  label  inscribed,  and 
the  chronogram — x 

VICINA  LIBERA  CONCORS. 

CrVX  eqVItVM  eXCrVCIat  prVssos:  prVtena  poLona      )  _ 
hanC  AQVILiE  eXCVtIVnt:  reXqVe  saLVsqVe  regant.  j  I754 

Another  medal,  on  a  Reformation  festival,  15th  October — 
Iezt  kan  sICh  regenspVrg  Von  neVn  )  = 

Des  eDLen  Worts  VnD  gLaVbens  freVen.  j  "~     x'42 

Another  Reformation  jubilee  medal  represents  an  angel  in  glory — 
paX  erIt  en  paLMas  CaroLo  Donante  qVIetas.  =     17 17 

ALTERA        SOLEMNlS         IVBlLAEl         eCCLesI^E         EVANGELIC^. 

CeLebratIo.  =     17 1 7 

Another  medal  on  a  Reformation  jubilee,  the  device  represents 
the  'new  Jerusalem.'  It  was  in  15 17  that  Luther  began  his  opposi- 
tion to  the  system  of  the  Romish  religion — 

InsIgnIa  DICta  sVnt  De  te  CIVItas  DeI.    ps.  lxxxvii.  3.    =     17 17 
In  exergue — DeVs  In  ea  non  MoVebItVr.    ps.  xlvi.  5.  =1517 

This  last  date  is  that  of  a  prominent  movement  in  Luther's  career. 

Another  medal.     Device,  two  arms  with  the  hands  joined  above 
a  pedestal,  with  pax  religiosa  on  a  scroll,  and 
ILLo  Dante  hoC  fIrMante.  =     1702  )  = 

In  exergue — stabILIs  erIt.  =        53  /  7" 

Another  represents  a  town  on  either  side  of  a  river,  and  a  bridge 
between — d.  xxviii.  sept. 
In  reCorDatIoneM  paCIs  RELIdoSiE.  =     1755 

From  a  book  lent  to  me  by  Dr.  Friedr.  Rolle  at  Homburgx  describ- 
ing the  town  of  Marburg  in  Styria,  I  transcribed  the  following  chrono- 
grams. The  book  is  entitled  '  Marburger  Taschenbuch  fur  geschichte 
Landes-und  Sagenkunde  der  Steirmark  und  der  an  dieselbe  greuzen- 
den  Lander  von  I*.  Rudolf  Gustav  Puff.'— Graz.  1854. 

Page  59.     On  a  crucifix  in  the  chapel  of  St  Wolfgang — 
Hie  reverenter  salutetur  Maria  Mater  Dei, 

Caros  Meos  eXaVDIs  CLIentes.  =     1767 

1  This  medal  is  partly  explained  in  Chronograms,  p.  186.  The  date  is  when  the 
inhabitants  of  the  Prussian  provinces,  weary  of  the  oppression  of  the  Teutonic  Order, 
declared  themselves  subjects  of  Poland. 


48  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

Page  70.     Inscribed  on  a  newly-built  parochial  house — 
HjeC    jeDes    In    VsVM    paroChI,    VIrIbVs    VnItIs    fVerat 
eXstr  VXta.  =     1 7  6 1 

Page  95.  Over  the  portal  of  a  house  of  a  Carthusian  monastery — 
noMen  IesV  ChrIstI  beneDICat  nos  pIe  Intrantes.  =     1711 

Page  130.     In  the  parish  church  of  Reifnigg,  over  the  organ,  to 
commemorate  the  restoration  of  the  church — 
Deo  VnI  et  trIno  atqVe  beato  BARraoLoMiEO  eXstrVIt  ) 
popVLVs  reIfnI Censes.  J  X'4Q 

Page  150.     At  a  country  church  at  Draubung  on  Windischgratz, 
over  the  principal  door — 
hoC  tIbI  sanCte  petre  oMnIs  honor  et  DeCVs.  =     1808 

From  another  book  lent  to  me  by  the  same  owner,  entitled  'Gratz,' 
by  Dr.  Gustav  Shreiner,  Gratz,  1843,  descriptive  of  the  natural  history 
and  topography  of  the  country  round  about  that  town ;  with  many 
engravings. 

Page  177.  In  the  cathedral  church,  over  the  entrance  door,  is  the 
music  gallery,  and  the  arms  of  Count  Dietrichstein,  Cardinal-bishop  of 
Olmutz,  the  faithful  councillor  of  Ferdinand  11.  when  he  fought  against 
the  Bohemian  Protestants,  and  this  inscription — 

ferDInanDVs  sVa  benIgnItate  ereXIt,  )  =       6g, 

LeopoLDVs  gLorIose  ornaVIt.  j  ~" 

And  this  further  inscription  beneath — 

eLapsIs  DVCentIs  annIs  ferDInanDVs,  )  g 

Cesar  gLorIose  VIVens,  ornarI  IVssIt.         J  "~        34 

Page  182.    The  year  of  the  death  of  the  Emperor  Ferdinand  11. — 

ferDInanDVs  seCVnDVs  pIe  VIXIt  pIe  obIIt.  =     1637 

Page  196.     Bishop  Count-Lamberg  consecrated  the  church  of  the 
Augustine  monastery  according  to  this  inscription  thereon — 
ConseCrabat   epIsCopVs    LaMberg    LVCe    sanCto    kILIano 
sIbIqVe  soLennI.  =     1721 

Page  201.     At  Gratz,  over  the  door  of  the  Ursuline  nunnery — 

Lares  soCIarVM  DIVae  VrsVLae.  sb     1722 

Page  269.     At  Gratz,  over  the  entrance  door  of  a  church — 

sanCta  Mater  anna  InterCeDe  pro  nobIs.  =     1702 

Page  284.  At  Gratz,  the  church  of  the  Carmelite  nuns  was  built, 
and  a  statue  of  the  Virgin  was  placed  over  the  door,  with  this  inscrip- 
tion of  the  date — 

VIrgInI    DeIpar*   et    Casto    sponso,    atqVe  seraphICe  )  __      ^  , 
theresLe  eXstrVCtVM.  J  "     l*S° 

Page  286.  On  the  hill  overlooking  Gratz  is  the  cemetery  and  the 
Calvarienberg,  where  there  is  a  chapel  and  three  crosses  with  this 
inscription — 

hoC  anno  tres  CrVCbs  a  parents  ferDInanDo  C0LL0-  \  A~ 

Cat*.  }-     l6°6 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS.  49 

This  part  of  an  inscription  on  the  tomb  of  a  benefactor  gives  the 
date — 

sepVLChrVM    Vero  GhrIstI    fIerI  feCItqVe  posVItqVe  )  _       A 
fILII  LIberaLItas  oCtaVa  IVnII.  f  -     l054 

And  this  gives  the  name  and  date  of  another  benefactor— 

IoannIs  gabrIeLIs  MasChWanDer.  =     1664 

Another  benefactor  is  thus  named  and  dated — 
baronIs  DepVtatI  stYrIjE  anno  seCVnDo  seD  YItm  sViE  )  _       6 
qVInqVIes  seXto  terqVInato.  J  ~~     I  54 

The  three  crosses  having  been  injured  by  lightning  in  1 763,  were 
repaired  by  the  '  brotherhood '  in  the  year — 

fVLMen  DeIeCIt,  CongregatIo  reparaVIt.  =     1764 

At  the  back  of  the  Calvary  church  an  altar  is  inscribed — 

gratIa  pLena  DeI  Mater  affLICtos  reCrea.  =     1803 

Page  500.  At  the  Carthusian  monastery  church,  where  Ottocar  v., 
of  the  family  of  Traungauer,  is  buried — 

hIC    IaCet    (sic)    ottoCar    MarChIo     stYrLe,     Ioanna  1  , 

kVnIgVnth  ConIVnX,  et  ottoChar  pIVs  fILIVs.  f  ~     I097 

Another  book  was  lent  to  me  by  the  same  owner,  from  which  I 
gather  the  following.  The  title  of  the  book  is  in  German,  to  this 
effect:  CA  new  travel-book  in  Austria,  Salzburg,  and  the  Austrian 
lakes.     By  Dr.  Franz  Sartori.     Leipsic,  181 2.' 

Vol.  i.  p.  36.  At  Gaden,  in  the  vicinity  of  Vienna,  to  the  memory 
of  a  Venetian  sculptor  buried  there — 

Ioannes   gIVLLIanII  VenetVs  sCVLptor  InsIgnIssIMVs  )  _ 
hIC  LoCI  In  paCe  qVIesCIt.  J  -     *744 

Also  this  to  the  memory  of  another  Italian  sculptor,  whose  works 
are  there — 

VIator    preCes    sIbI    aVet    parVas    MagnVs    artIfeX  ) 
pICtor  prInCeps  haC  In  sCrobe  qVIesCIt  In  paCe.  /  ~~     1745 

Vol  ii.  "p.  135.  A  festival  procession  was  held  in  1756  by  the 
people  at  Judenburg,  to  commemorate  a  great  conflagration  at  the 
pilgrimage  church  near  Renneveg  in  Carinthia ;  this  chronogram  marks 
the  occasion  (I  find  it  thus) — 

MarLb    ob    a  Versa    benIgne    IgnIs    perICVLa    senatVs  )  6 

popVLVsqVe  IVDenbVrgknsIs  fIerI  IVssIt.  /  ~"     I7^ 

At  Brussels,  when  journeying  homeward,  I  visited  an  ancient 
building,  the  Port  du  Hal,  which  should  be  inspected  by  tourists  at 
every  opportunity,  together  with  the  interesting  collection  of  anti- 
quities which  it  contains ;  I  took  note  of  one  thing  at  least  that  I 
had  never  seen  before,  either  there  or  in  any  other  collection  or 
library, — it  is  in  the  second-floor  room,  and  numbered  23.  q, — an  old 
frame  containing  a  large  paper  sheet  printed  ('  a  broadsheet'),  with  a 
broad  border  of  flowers  in  colour  added,  surrounding  Latin  verses, 
fifty  lines  or  more,  with  an  introduction  thus — '  Amplissimo  clarissimo- 
que  viro  Domino  Christophoro  Robert  in  alma  universitate  Lovan- 

G 


50  IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

ensi,  Juris  utriusque  antecessori  primario,  augustae  nationis  Germanic© 
protectori  meritissimo  electo  die  Martii  mdccxlvii.'    Then  follow 
the  verses,  concluding  with  this  hexameter  and  pentameter  '  Chrono- 
distic' — 
CLare  forI  prInCeps  LVMenqVe  saLVsqVe  LYCeo,  \  =  7 

TEVtONIG*   EXORERls   STELLA  BENlGNA  tVm.  J  747 

Applaudit  augusta  natio  Germanica. 

The  verses  are  complimentary  to  a  German  student,  Christopher 
Robert,  who  took  a  degree  in  law  at  Louvain  University  in  1747. 
Observe  that  the  letter  Y  counts  =  2. 

At  Brussels  the  new  church  of  St  Catharine  should  be  visited ; 
it  is  vast,  heavy,  and  peculiar  in  its  style  of  architecture.  I  observed 
therein  hanging  on  the  wall,  at  the  right  side  of  the  western  entrance, 
a  devotional  picture,  dark  and  obscure  for  want  of  proper  cleaning ; 
beneath  it  is  the  following  chronogram  in  the  Flemish  language ;  the 
whole  seems  to  have  been  removed  from  another  and  much  older 
building — 

tTer  s  ChrIst  aLs  Ian  Van  LoVen  hIer  op  Dese  pLaetse,  )  _         6 
De  sesthIen  heYLIghe  hostIen  heeft  gestoLen.  j  ^  9 

i.e.  The  year  of  Christ  when  John  of  Louvain  stole  the  sixteen  holy 
wafers. 

This  evidently  denotes  the  robbery  of  the  sacred  hosts  at  Brussels 
in  the  year  1370,  particularly  narrated  in  Chronograms,  pp.  262-283, 
and  at  a  subsequent  page  of  this  present  volume. 

My  own  observations  during  the  tour  of  1883  end  here;  but  my 
friend  the  Rev.  R.  Milbum  Blakiston  was  moving  about  over  some  of 
the  same  ground  with  his  eyes  open,  and  observed  at  the  town  of 
Ypres  in  Belgium,  at  the  ancient  monastery  of  St.  John,  now  the  free- 
school,  three  cannon  balls  built  into  the  wall ;  upon  each  of  these 
three  projectiles  is  painted  one  syllable  of  the  chronogram,  DeLetI 
MorInI, 

De  Le  tI  Mo  rI  nI.  =     1553 

and  underneath  is  inscribed — 

reparant  hoC  teMpore  seDes.  =     1600 

The  monks  of  St.  John  had  originally  their  monastery  near 
Thenmanne ;  it  was  destroyed,  with  the  town,  in  1583,  and  later  they 
obtained  authority  to  establish  themselves  at  Ypres.  (See  Chrono- 
grams, p.  99,  and  the  index  of  this  present  volume,  '  Deleti,'  etc.,  for 
explanations.) 

On  the  same  good  authority  I  am  enabled  to  give  a  correct 
version  of  two  chronograms  at  the  Guild  houses  at  Brussels,  which 
were  partly  illegible  on  a  previous  occasion  when  I  tried  to  copy  them ; 
the  first  reads  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse — 
qVas  fVror  hostILIs  sVbVerterat  IgnIbVs  jeDes  )  fi 

sartor  restaVrat  prjEsIDIbVs  qVe  DICat.  J  ""         97 

i.e.  The  house  which  hostile  rage  destroyed  by  fire,  the  tailor  restores  and 
dedicates  to  the  presidents  of  the  guild. 


IN  SEARCH  OF  CHRONOGRAMS. 

On  the  other  house,  at  its  summit — 
CoMbVsta 
InsIgnIor  resVrreXI 
eXpensIs 

SEBASTIANS   GVLDiE. 

i.e.  Being  burnt,  I  have  arisen  more  distinguished  at  the  expense  of 
Sebastian's  guild. 

Saint  Sebastian  was  the  patron-saint  of  archers. 

The  reader  is  referred  to  Chronograms,  p.  49,  for  my  first  notice 
of  these  two  inscriptions,  which  may  now  be  seen,  and  are  easily 
legible,  on  the  front  of  the  two  guild-houses,  commemorating  the 
rebuilding  at  the  respective  dates. 


5i 


=     1691 


=     1 849 


SOME    LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 
GERMANY,  NETHERLANDS,  Etc. 

ONE  of  the  following  were  collected  by  myself  at  the 
places  named  ;  I  give  them  from  the  authorities  quoted. 
It  is  probable  that  some  of  them  are  now  decayed,  or 
have  been  '  improved '  away. 

At  Bonn,  on  the  Rhine,  inscription  on  St.  John's  Hospital,  com- 
pleted in  1849.     (Communicated  by  a  friend  from  Bonn.) 
fVnDaVIt  pIetas 
ereXIt  ConCorDIa 
perfeCIt  fIDes 
serVet  paX  et  IVstItIa. 
i.e.  Piety  founded  it,  Concord  built  it,  Faith  finished  it,  may  peace  and 
justice  preserve  it. 

At  Vienna,  a  chapel  on  a  bridge  dedicated  to  St.  John  of 
Nepomuk,  was  thus  inscribed  (Zedler,  lvi.) — 

DIVo  IoannI  gLorIoso  seCLI  thaVMatVrgo. 
i.e.  To  the  glorious  Saint  John,  the  miracle  worker  of  this  age, 

Stade,  near  Hamburg.  A  destructive  fire  occurred  here  in  1659, 
and  again  in  1682  ;  on  each  occasion  the  spire  of  the  church  tower 
was  destroyed.  Some  one  made  the  following  chronogram  thereon,  a 
play  on  '  Statu)/  the  Latin  name  of  the  place,  and  other  words  forming 
alliterations  similar  in  sound  or  spelling.     (Zedler,  xxxix.  743) — 

staDa  stetIt  stabILIs  )  _ 

stanDo  statIone  seCVnDa.  J 

At  Weimar  a  church  was  burnt ;  it  is  mentioned  in  Zedler,  vol. 
lv.  1267,  that  an  inscription  containing  this  chronogram  was  put  up  to 
commemorate  the  event,  and  the  rebuilding  by  the  Duke  William  iv. — 


=     1720 


1659 


1 688 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  53 

perDIDIt  has  jbDes  faX  saCras  Igne  nVper;  =     1618 

erIgIt  at  patrIa  DVX  gVILIeLMVs  eas.  =     1630 

i.e.  A  torch  lately  destroyed  this  sacred  building  with  fire ;  but  Duke 
William  builds  it  up  for  his  country. 

Tyrnau,  in  Hungary.  It  is  related  that  in  1688  a  citizen  of 
this  place,  named  Nowaki,  in  revenge  for  some  wrong,  or  neglect  of 
himself  or  his  advice  on  some  affairs,  set  fire  to  the  town,  and  so 
managed  that  while  he  himself  was  not  injured  the  place  was  nearly 
all  destroyed.  A  certain  poet  marked  the  unlucky  year  by  the  follow- 
ing verse  (Zedler,  xlv.  2218) — 

qVo  CLanDestIno  WLCano  nInIVe  aD  Instar  )  = 

CInCta,  noVakIanas  pLangIt  tIrnaVIa  teChnas.  /  ~" 

i.e.  Tyrnau,  because  surrounded  by  clandestine  fire  like  unto  Nineveh, 
mourns  for  the  artifices  of  Nowaki. 

Trebnitz.  Over  the  door  of  the  church  belonging  to  the 
Nonnen-kloster  at  this  place,  there  was  this  inscription.  (See  Zedler, 
adv.  307)— 

O .  A .  M  .  D .  G. 
HiEC  ChrIstIna  tIbI  persoLVet  LIMIna  ChrIste.  )  _       , 

faC  Vt  et  aLbertI  nos  Cor  VtrInqVe  J  Wet.  J  ""        9° 

t\e.  Christina  will  render  these  houses  to  thee,  O  Christ;  Bring  it  to  pass 
that  the  heart  of  (Saint)  Albert  may  aid  us  on  all  sides.  (Christina 
Catharina  was  abbess  there  from  1674  to  1699.  The  initial  letters 
preceding  the  chronogram  stand  for  Omnipotenti  ac  magno  Deo, 
gloria) 

At.Wolfenbiittel,  in  Brunswick,  this  was  inscribed  on  one  of 
the  public  buildings  to  mark  the  date— 

arX  atqVe  Vrbs  gVeLphICa  DeI  aVXILIo  et  aVgVstI  ) 
DVCIs    ConsILIo    post     trIstIa    et    eXItIosa     beLLa>=     1643: 
restItVta  atqVe  restaVrata.  j 

ue.  By  the  help  of  God,  and  through  the  wisdom  of  Duke  Augustus,  the 
citadel  and  Guelphic  city  was  re-established  and  restored  after  grievous 
and  destructive  wars.     (Zedler,  lviii.  820.) 

Zerbst,  in  North  Germany,  was  once  the  seat  of  the  princes  of 
Anhalt-Zerbst,  who  became  extinct  in  1793.    The  following  couplet 
denotes  the  death  of  one  of  them,  who  is  mentioned  in  Zedler  lxi. 
159 1  as  Carl  Wilhelm,  Furst  zu  Anhalt — 
aVgVstVs  MorItVr  noster,  terrasqVe  reLInqVIt  :  )  _ 

CharVs  anhaLtInVs  DesInIt  esse  pater.  j  ~"     x?42 

i.e.  Our  Augustus  is  dead,  he  leaves  the  earth;  the  dear  one  of  Anhalt 
ceases  to  be  our  father. 

The  town  of  Zittau,  in  Saxony,  was  almost  destroyed  during 
the  Thirty  Years'  War,  in  the  first  half  of  the  seventeenth  century ;  a 


54  SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 

long  description  of  the  rebuilding  is  given  in  Zedler's  Universal 
Lexicon,  lxii.,  and,  commencing  at  p.  1623,  several  chronograms  are 
recorded  to  commemorate  some  of  the  circumstances.  This  was  put 
up  at  the  parish  church,  probably  in  connection  with  a  clock  or  a  sun- 
dial, composed  by  the  rector,  *  M.  Christ  Keimann ' — 
Index  horarum,  campana,  aevique  fugacis 

Per  me  te  memorem  mors  jubet  esse  sui, 
parta  tVas  paX  zItta  Lares  et  saXonIs  VMbra       )  g 

et  Verbo  eDIo  (sic)  profLVa  VIta  beet.  [  """         49 

The  choir  of  the  church  at  Zittau  had  been  protected  by  an  iron 
grille  in  1544,  in  remembrance  whereof  this  couplet  was  inscribed  on 
a  pillar  adjoining  the  spot — 
CLatratVs  ChorVs  est  tVM  Vrbano  ConsVLe  ferro        )  _ 

ter  soL  aprILI  et  bIs  qVater  ortVs  VbI  est.  /  """     l*** 

i.e.  The  choir  was  guarded  by  an  iron  lattice  when  Urban  was  Consul; 
the  day  three  and  twice  four  (the  nth)  of  April  was  the  time  (of  its 
removal). 

This  couplet  was  composed  by  the  rector  Tobias  Schnuren,  and 
put  up  in  the  parish  church  on  the  completion  of  some  works  of 
repair, — 'Anno  Domini   1563  renovatum    est    hoc  templum,'  etc 
etc. — 
est  saCra  pICtVrIs  /eDes  ornata  sVperbIs,  )  _         , 

soLa  fIDes  ornet  peCtora  sanCta  preCor. — T.  S.  J  —     *5  4 

i.e.  This  sacred  edifice  was  adorned  with  superb  paintings,  I  pray  that 
faith  alone  may  adorn  holy  minds. 

This  was  inscribed  on   the  building  of  the  public  school,  the 
Gymnasium  at  Zittau,  to  mark  the  date  of  the  repairs — 

sChoLas  tVerIs  posterIs  )  __       ,^ 

DeVs  benIgno  nVMIne.  J  ~     I0°9 

The  following  wish  was  inscribed  in  the  catalogue  of  the  town-hall 
library  ('  folgenden  Wunsch  dem  catalogo  einzuverlieben ') — 

IoVa  VeLIt  porro  phILaDeLphos  MIttere  nobIs.        =     1665 
After  the  siege  of  Zittau  a  tower  was  repaired  and  inscribed  with 
these  verses — 

McenIa  DVX  saXo  qVatIens  HiEC  eXIgIt  hostes,  =     1644 

rVrsVs  DVX  refICIt  McenIa  saXo  sVIs;  =     1644 

saXona  IoVa  DVCeM  zIttjEqVe  tVere  penates  )  , 

et  prohIbe  a  nobIs  aspera  qVoqVe  rogo.  J  44 

i.e.  The  Saxon  Duke  shaking  these  walls  drove  out  the  enemies,  again  the 
Saxon  Duke  repaired  the  walls  for  his  own  people  ;  I  pray,  O  Jehovah, 
do  thou  watch  over  Saxon  affairs,  the  Duke,  and  the  '  Penates  *  of  Zittau, 
and  ward  off  calamities  from  us. 

The  period  of  the  siege  of  Zittau  was  denoted  by  this  distich  to 
have  been  in  early  summer  time — 

soLIs  Vt  iESTlFERO  DeCVrrerat  orbIta  CanCro  \  _       * 

zIttaVLb  sVperIs  IaCLa  parata  CaDVnt.  J  ~"     l032 

An  inscription  was  put  up  in  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Cross  at 
Zittau,  recording  its  destruction  in  1643,  'te  restoration  in  1651,  and 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  55 

its  completion  under  the  auspices  of  the  magistrates  of  the  town ;  this 
chronogram  gives  the  final  date — 

PVX  eXerCItWM  zItanIs  VsqVe  faVkto.  =     1653 

Le.  O  Leader  of  armies,  do  thou  constantly  befriend  the  people  of 
Zittau. 

Another  church,  according  to  an  inscription,  was  built  in  1510, 
destroyed  in  1643,  rebuilt  in  1651,  and  repaired  in  171 2;  the  inscrip- 
tion concluded  with  this  aspiration  for  its  future  safety — 

DoMInVs  ConserVet  In  paCe.  =     17 12 

Le.  May  the  Lord  preserve  it  in  peace. 
It  is  mentioned  of  another  church  at  Zittau  that,  after  the  termina- 
tion of  the  Thirty  Years1  War  in  1648,  it  was  generally  repaired  in 
1 654-1655,  and  an  ornamented  gate  was  erected  bearing  this  somewhat 
obscure  inscription — 

C.S. 
Una  dies  homines  latet  observentur  ut 
omnes  proinde 
Mors  CLaDes  aV!  =1655 

eitelkeit. 
In  the  neighbourhood  of  Zittau  rises  the  Oybin,  a  lofty  wooded 
sandstone  rock,  in  shape  resembling  a  bee-hive  and  crowned  with  the 
highly  picturesque  ruins  of  a  monastery  and  a  castle  curiously  combined. 
The  castle,  a  robber's  stronghold,  was  destroyed  by  the  Emperor 
Charles  iv.,  who  founded  the  monastery  on  its  site  in  1369.  The 
latter  was  deserted  in  1545  by  the  Celestine  Monks  who  had  occupied 
it,  and  was  destroyed  by 'fire  in  1577  and  1681.  The  church  of  1384 
with  its  lofty  gothic  arches,  some  of  which  show  remains  of  beautiful 
tracery,  is  the  best  preserved  part  These  particulars  are  taken  from 
Baedeker's  handbook.  It  is  related  in  Zedler,  xxv.  2573,  Art.  *  Oxbin,' 
that  a  building  at  the  monastery  founded  by  Charles  iv.,  bore  the 
following  inscription ;  supposing  it  to  have  been  cut  contemporaneously 
with  the  date,  it  is  an  early  example  of  chronogram.  The  letters  d  are 
not  counted,  and  that  is  suggestive  of  a  Flemish  origin  for  the  inscrip- 
tion and  a  later  date  for  its  being  made. 

CcenobIVM  karoLVs  hoC  CondIdIt  IndVperator.         =     1369 
i.e.  The  Emperor  Charles  built  this  monastery. 

Stralsund,  a  seaport  town  in  Pomerania,  lies  on  the  Straelsund,  a 
strait  two  miles  wide  which  separates  the  island  of  Riigen  from  the 
mainland.  The  town  is  entirely  surrounded  by  water  (formerly  lakes 
and  marshes),  being  connected  with  the  mainland  by  three  bridges  only ; 
it  was  founded  in  1209,  and  soon  attained  to  such  prosperity  that  in 
the  fourteenth  century  it  was  second  in  importance  among  the  Han- 
seatic  towns  on  the  Baltic.  The  citizens  adopted  the  reformed  faith 
at  an  early  period,  and  were  therefore  on  the  side  of  Sweden  during 
the  Thirty  Years'  War.  In  1628,  aided  by  Swedish  and  Danish  vessels, 
they  gallantly  defended  their  town  against  Wallenstein,  the  general  of  the 
imperial  forces,  who  had  sworn  to  take  it '  though  it  had  been  attached 


56 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 


by  chains  to  heaven,'  but  was  compelled  to  abandon  the  siege  after 
sustaining  a  loss  of  above  12,000  men.  By  the  peace  of  Westphalia 
in  1648,  the  town,  together  with  the  province  of  Vor-Pomem  and  {he 
island  of  Riigen,  was  ceded  to  Sweden,  to  which,  notwithstanding  its 
capture  by  the  Elector  Frederick  William  of  Brandenburg  in  1678,  and 
by  the  Prussians,  Danes,  and  Saxons  in  17 15,  it  continued  to  belong 
down  to  181 5,  when  it  became  Prussian. 

These  particulars  will  help  to  explain  what  I  find  in  one  of  the 
twenty  tracts  contained  in  a  volume  in  the  British  Museum,  labelled 
'  Tractatus  de  rebus  literariis.'  (Press-mark  819.  f.  26.  Tract  2.)  The 
title  is  *  Programma  tertium  ex  doctis  Westphalis  Mindenses,'  etc.,  by 
Johannes  Ludolphus  Bimemann,  17 16;  in  which  the  writer,  having 
alluded  to  the  events  at  Stralsund  down  to  1678,  adds  this  note,  con- 
taining good  chronograms  of  1 7 1 5,  and  a  somewhat  obscure  epigrammatic 
anagram  on  the  name  of  the  place,  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse — 

Praeter  carmen  de  Stralsunda  nuperrima  deditione  impressum, 
fingebam  eodem  tempore  sequentia,  quae  eodem  pertinent  et  tempus 
deditionis  ostendunt : 

Ipso  soLstItIo  straLsVnDa  arCtata  regI  borVssLe  se 
DeDebat.  = 

IM  soLstItIo  ergab  sICh  straLsVnD  an  preVssens  konIg.  = 

stralsvnda,  per  anagr:  dans  lvstra. 
o  stralsvnda  ut  eras  Sueco  dans  lvstra  leoni 
Sic  et  eris  Prusso  et  Dano  dans  lvstra  leoni. 

svnda,  per  anagr:  nvdas  vndas  danvs. 
Num  danvs  nvdas  circum  te  possidet  vndas? 
Urbem  svnda  tuam  nomine  danvs  habet. 

i.e.  Besides  the  verses  recently  printed  about  the  surrender  of  Stralsund, 
I  appended  the  following  at  the  same  time,  which  relate  to  the  same 
event  and  shoiu  the  period  of  the  surrender: 

At  the  summer  solstice  Stralsund  being  encompassed  surrendered  to 
the  King  of  Prussia. 

(The  German  line  has  the  same  meaning.) 

The  anagram  loses  its  effect  by  translation ;  in  fact,  obscurity  is  the 
result  of  any  translation  of  a  play  upon  words  which  are  themselves 
somewhat  obscure. 

1  Stralsund,9— by  anagram, — 'giving  marshes9  O  'Stralsund,'  as  you 
were  'giving  marshes9  to  the  Swedish  lion,  so  also  you  will  be  'giving 
marshes 9  to  the  Danish  lion. 

1  The  strait] — by  anagram,— '  deserted  waters  Dane9  Does  the 
1  Dane9 possess  the  * deserted  waters'  around  thee  ?  The  'Dane9  hath 
thy  city,  '  Sunda 9  by  name. 

The  allusions  seem  to  be  pointed  at  the  marshy  or  watery  position 
of  the  town;  the  word  'Lustra'  will  bear  this  meaning.  Lustrum, 
i.e.  a  slough,  bog,  morass,  a  haunt  of  wild  beasts,  sciL  of  the  Lion  of 
Sweden  or  of  Denmark.)  Observe  how  the  words  of  the  anagram  are 
dragged  into  the  verses,  which  were  no  doubt  much  appreciated 


1715 
1715 


i6oi 


I"; 

I   • 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  57 

Mayence.  In  the  Bodleian  Library,  several  thick  40  volumes 
(press-mark,  Meerman  415.),  '  Codex  Diplomatics,  sive  anecdotorum 
res  Moguntianas  Francicas  Trevirenses  Colonienses  Finitimorumque 
regionum,  eta  etc'  By  Valentinus  Ferdinandus.  Frankfort  and 
Leipsic,  1747.     Vol.  ii.  p.  831,  Inscriptions  in  Mayence  Cathedral — 

'Hie  jacet  Elector  princeps  Wolffgangus'  (Archbishop  of  May- 
ence), who  reigned  3  lustra  and  4  years,  and  died  '  anno  aetatis  lxiii.,' 
in  the  year  indicated  only  by  this  chronogram — 
prInCeps  eLeCtor  qVInto  VVoLffgangVs  aprILIs  )  = 

MortaLI  eXVtVs  Corpore  In  astra  VoLat.  j  "* 

Page  835.  Epitaph  of  Damianus  Hartardus  von  der  Leyen, 
Archbishop  of  Mayence,  born  2d  March  1624,  elected  3d  July  1675, 
died  6th  December  1678,  concludes  thus — 

In    Carne   Ista   VIDebo    saLVatoreM,   qVje  Vna    spes   post  •  jj 

fata  sVperest.  =1678 

Page  848.  Epitaph  of  Bemardus  k  Gablentz,  archipresbyter, 
who  died  at  the  age  of  55,  'Cujus  anima  Deo  vivat,'  in  the  year  thus 
indicated — Ioannes  bernarDVs  obIt,  nVnC  eXtera  feLIX 
seCVLa  De  gabLenz  InsIgnI  stIrpe  CapesCens.  =     1592 

Page  850.  Epitaph  of  Henricus  Ferdinandus  (free-baron)  von 
der  Leyen ;  it  is  very  long,  and  ends  thus — 

Mors  eIVs  pretIosa  In  ConspeCtV  DeI.  =1714  \  \ 

Page  857.     Epitaph  of  Margareta  of  Bellersheim  and  Riedersheim  • 

concludes  with  these  lines,  giving  the  date  of  her  death,  15th  June  :  i 

1653—  i 

si  tIbI  neC  VItje,  neC  fatI  teMpora  Constant,  )  __         ,  j 

CoLLIge  per  LongIs  arte  notata  notIs.  /         J5  3  j  , 

Luces  adde  decern  Juni  septemque  Calendis 

Utque  anima  vivat,  saepe  precare  Deo.  i 

Page  887.     Epitaph  of  Gasparus  Schmidternus  of  Aschaifenburg  .  ! 

thus  eulogises  the  deceased  and  marks  the  date — Unum  hominem 

mors  extinxit  sed  in  uno  homine  multas  virtutes,  magnas  laudes  ccelo  | 

posteritati  consecravit  .  .  .  Vixit  annos  37  obit  1607,  13  Dec. —  j 

sIC  VIXIt  nostro  gaspar  sChMIternVs  In  orbe,  ^  i 

Vt  fato  eXtInCtVs  VIVeret  orbe  aLIo.  I  =       ,  j  1 

oternat  bona  VIta,  abeVnt  bona  Cetera  :  feLIX  I  J 

post  fata  Vt  pergas  VIVere,  VIVe  bene.  j  ^ 

The  epitaph  of  the  Rev.  Simon  Bagen,  secretary  to  the  Arch- 
bishop, ends  thus,  without  any  other  date — Frater  superstes  amoris 
ergo  posuit 

qVInta  DIes  IVnII  perfregIt  fILa  sIMonIs.  =     1562 

ANNO  iETATIS,   46. 

Erfurt.  In  some  of  the  towns  of  Germany  and  Austria  there 
are  churches  which  are  commonly  called  Scotch  churches,  a  term  that 

is  good  as  an  indication  of  their  origin.     In  the  tenth  and  eleventh  , 

centuries  Scotch  Benedictines,  exiles  from  their  own  country,  being  , 

pious  men  and  good  teachers,  were  encouraged  by  the  Princes  of 


1 


58  SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 

Germany,  and  convents  were  accordingly  established  by  them  at 
Ratisbon,  Wiirzburg,  Vienna,  Erfurt,  and  other  places,  and  their 
patron  saint  was  usually  St.  James.  The  Scotch  church  at  Ratisbon 
is  a  building  of  great  antiquity,  and  contains  some  chronogrammatic 
inscriptions  ;l  and  that  at  Erfurt  has  been  distinguished  by  a  medal,* 
of  which  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  possess  an  original  impression, 
I  do  not  know  of  any  duplicate  of  it.  The  church,  as  we  find  from 
independent  authority,  was  founded  in  1036,  and  attached  to  a 
'  cloister '  for  Scotch  Benedictine  monks,  by  Count  Walter  Glitzberg  ; 
it  was  restored  about  700  years  after,  when  a  new  front  was  added. 
On  the  obverse  of  the  medal  is  seen  this  new  west  front,  in  the 
4  Italian '  style  of  architecture,  and  this  inscription — ecclesia  jacobi 
scotorum  erfurti.  The  reverse  has  only  this  inscription — 
^VaLtherVs    gLItzberg    pro    sCotIs    ConstrVIt    jeDes  I  ^ 

enItet  InsIgnIs  ConIVgIs  hIC  pIetas.  J  °3 

atqVe  HiEC  septIngentIs  annIs  eCCLesIa  DVrat:  hInC  )  = 
noVa  fIt  faCIes  pVLChrIor  InDe  nItet.  j  73° 

i.e.  Waiter  Glitzberg  built  this  church  for  the  Scotch,  the  piety  of  his 
wife  shines  conspicuously  here.  And  that  church  lasted  700  years  from 
the  time :  the  new  front  is  made,  and  from  this  time  forth  it  shines  more 
beautifully.  It  will  be  seen  that  by  adding  to  the  original  date  of 
1036,  the  period  of  about  700  years  for  which  the  church  had  stood 
(say  694  years),  we  get  the  date  of  the  restoration,  etc.,  1730,  found 
in  the  second  part  of  the  chronogram  ;  the  difference  of  6  years  was 
probably  occupied  about  the  work. 

Mechlin.  Two  volumes  40  (British  Museum,  press-mark  156 
e.  12.)  contain  a  collection  of  monumental  and  other  inscriptions 
in  the  churches  of  the  city  and  province  of  Mechlin.  The  title  is, 
'  Provincie,  Stadt,  ende  District  van  Mechlen  opgeheldert  In  haere 
Kereken,  Kloosters,  Kapellen,  Gods-huysen,  Gilden,  publieke 
Plaetsen,'  etc.  etc.  Brussels,  1770.  The  inscriptions  are  very 
numerous  and  elaborately  printed ;  a  small  proportion  of  them  contain 
the  chronograms  following;  a  few  others  are  omitted,  as  they  are 
given  in  my  former  book  on  this  subject. 

At  page  84  of  Volume  i.  In  the  Cathedral  at  Mechlin;  the 
whole  inscription  gives  the  year  ;  there  are  no  figures  but  the  day  of 
the  month — 

henrICVs  CooLs,  presbIter,  \ 

UbI  VIXIt  prjEfeCtUs  ChorI  GereMonIIs,  I 

InIbI  pIUs,  soporatUr  :  >=     1629 

tU  VIator  pIIs  VotIs  rIgato  I 

I,  et  Ita  seqUere.  j 

15.  9BRIS. 
i.e.  Henry  Cools,  priest,  prefect  of  the  choral  ceremonies  while  living, 
now  sleeps  herein  ;  do  thou  weep,  O  traveller,  and  with  pious  vows  depart, 
and  in  like  manner  follow  him. 

1  See  Chronograms,  p.  78.  *  Size,  li  inch. 


I- 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  59 

At  page  138.  Also  in  the  Cathedral,  inscribed  to  commemorate 
the  visit  of  King  Louis  the  Fifteenth  of  France,  the  date  is  contained 
in  the  chronogram,  but  not  expressed  in  figures — 

Perenni  memoriae 
IDIbUs  MaII 
In  tUrrIs  hUJUs  fastIgIo  }=     1746 

stetIt  franCLe  aC  naVarr^e  reX; 
Sole  sub  occiduo,  summo  hoc  in  culmine  Turris 
Sol  alter  Maiis  idibus  exoritur 

LUDOVICUS  xv. 
i.e.  To  perpetual  memory. — On  the  ides  of  May  (the  15M),  Louis  XV., 
King  of  France  and  Navarre,  stood  on  the  summit  of  this  tower;  the 
sun  being  under  the  west  (at  sunset).     Another  sun  arises  at  the  summit 
of  this  tower  on  the  15th  of  May. 

At  page  165,  In  the  Collegiate  Church  at  Mechlin,  over  an 
altar — 

aLtare  DIVlNiE  sYnaXI  eXtrUCtUM.  =     1690 

At  page  197.  In  the  same  church,  the  epitaph  of  -dEgidius  de 
Grauw,  and  of  his  son  Franciscus,  concludes  thus,  the  only  indication 
of  the  date — 

FEROX   LlBlTlNA  LUGENTE  NATO  \  _  ft 

patreM  e  VIVIs  sUstULIt  IDIbUs  IanUarII.  f  "     I7°° 

At  page  193.  The  epitaph  of  Peter  Scheppers  concludes  thus,  the 
only  indication  of  the  date — 

breVIs  VItjE  DIes  MortaLIbUs  I  =     l6 

ConstItUtUs,  qUI  prjEterIrI  neqUIt.  j  94 

At  page  395.    In  the  parish  church  of  Hanswyck,  at  Mechlin,1  the 
epitaph  of  Peter  Luytelaer  concludes  thus,  without  any  other  date — 
Obiit  Jubilarius  3.  Martii 
pIe  IesU  ConCeDe  IpsI  reqUIeM.  =     17 15 

At  page  402.  This  is  inscribed  over  a  door  of  the  cloister  of  Hans- 
wyck Church,  at  Mechlin — 

DoMUs  hansWICana  1  6g 

sUb  beatI  aUgUstInI  regULa.  j  ^ 

ie.  The  house  (monastery)  of  Hanswyck  under  the  rule  of  the  blessed 
Saint  Augustin. 

At  page  18  of  vol.  ii.  Over  an  altar  in  the  Minorite  Church,  to 
mark  the  date  of  its  dedication — 

1  This  church  owed  its  existence  to  a  statue  of  the  Virgin,  which  is  said  to  have  floated 
up  the  river  against  the  stream  by  miraculous  agency  till  it  stopped  and  remained  fixed  at 
the  spot  where  the  church,  which  was  built  in  consequence,  now  stands.  This  was  not  the 
only  miracle  performed  by  the  image,  for  it  obtained  such  a  high  repute  for  curing  all  kinds 
of  maladies,  that  the  weak  and  devout  made  pilgrimages  to  it  from  far  and  near.  The  image 
exists  no  longer,  having  been  destroyed  by  sacrilegious  hands  when  the  army  of  the  Con- 
federates, under  Oliver  Temple,  in  1580,  took  and  pillaged  the  city. 


60  SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 

D  .  O  .  M  . 
ET 

VIrgInI  MatrI  DoLoROSiE 

plo  affeCtU  kXtrUXIt. 

(Here  follow  the  names,  etc,  of  the  benefactor.) 

At  page  82.     In  an  oratory  of  the  Jesuits — 


I  =     1691 


ChrIsto  Deo  ) 


>n — 

}■ 


1671 


MortIs  InfernIqUe  >=     1716 

VICtorI.  ) 

At  page  121.    In  the  church  of  Saint  Catherine  in  the  Grand  Begui- 
nage  at  Mechlin,1  over  an  altar,  to  mark  the  date  of  its  dedication — 

Deo. 

DeIpaile  .  DIVIs . 

aLeXIo  .  CatharInjE  . 

ET  .  BEGGiE  .  ARA  .  POSlTA. 

At  page  158.    Over  the  entrance-door  of  the  little  Beggyn-hof1 
(Beguinage),  indicating  the  one  thousandth  year  from  its  foundation — 

begInasIa  J 

MILLe  annIs  fUnData  >=     1666 

IUbILat.  J 

At  page  227.     Inscription  at  the  church  of  Liliendael — 
Op  den  dagh  Augusti  twintich  twee 
Meuter  en  steen  zynde  hier  al  ree  : 
gIsbertUs  MUtsaert  proost  tot  LeLIenDaeL.  =     1662 

Heeft  van  de  niewe  Kerck 
Gheleyt  den  eersten  steen. 
Den  tweeden  leghden  op  dit  pas 
Die  hier  Vrouw  Priorinne  was 
eLYsabeth  Van  beke,  MeDe  het  Con  Vent.  =     1662 

Een-iegelyck  met  eyghen  hant 
Heeft  hier  oock  eenen  steen  geplant. 

At  page  228.     Over  an  altar  in  the  same  church — 

IbI  VULnera,  IbI  1  _       rhA 

Ubera  paCant  DeUM.  J  ""     I074 

Inscribed  under  the  statue  of  Saint  Norbert,  the  patron  saint  of 
the  monastery.    See  book  Chronograms,  pp.  251,  254 — 

VaLLIs  LILIorUM  PRiEsIDI.  =     17 15 

And  in  the  cloister — 

VreDe  DaLe,  oVer  LeLIenDaLe.  =     171 1 

At  page  234.     Inscription  at  the  Apostle's  Church.    The  words 
express  the  same  date  as  do  the  chronogram  letters — 

1  A  sisterhood  so  called  from  heggen%  to  beg,  or  from  Saint  Begga,  who  existed  (or  died) 
a.d.  689.  The  former  is  probably  the  correct  derivation,  although  the  sisterhood  is  not  now 
one  of  the  mendicant  orders.  These  institutions  are  of  very  ancient  foundation  in  some  of 
the  Flemish  towns. 


r 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  61 

UYtgaen  Van  oCtober  seVenthIen  honDert         )  = 
seVen  en  De£tIgh,  Is't  kerCk-hof  geWeYDt.      j  ~~     I737 

At  page  312.     An  inscription  at  the  library  in  memory  of  its 
inauguration  concludes  thus  to  give  the  date — 

DIDICI  IUDICIa  IUstItLb.  =     1719 

Psal.  cxviii.  7  (Vulgate  version). 

At  page  352.    The  chapel  of  the  Virgin  Mary  at  the  monastery  of 
Affiigem  is  mentioned ;  it  was  founded  by  Gaspar  Estrix  and  his  wife, 
as  appears  by  these  inscriptions  there,  on  the  tombs  which  he  prepared 
j  in  his  lifetime — 

eX  CorDe  eXtrUCtUM.  =     1730 

and 
erIgebant  VIrgInI  MarLe  pII  \ 

!  ConJUges  gaspar  estrIX,  et  >=     1730 

anna  CatharIna  branDts.  j 

;  and 

d  .  o  .  m  . 
Vivus  hanc  mihi  domum  paravi, 

in  qui  quiesco  mortuus, 
sum  etenim  hujus  Sacelli  Fundator, 

GASPAR   ESTRIX, 

et 

ANNA  CATHARINA  BRANDTS. 

Scis  jam,  Viator,  qui  sim  potius  fuerim  ; 
j  te  verb  in  tenebris  noscere  nequeo  : 

;  te  ipsum  verb  ut  noscas,  rogo. 

R  .  I  .  P. 

!  At  page  392.     Inscribed  on  the  pedestal  of  a  crucifix— 

j  In  CrUCe  DoMInL  =     1708 

j  At  page  394.     Inscribed  over  the  door  and  on  other  parts  of  the 

j  barracks  erected  at  the  public  expense — 

j  In  eenDraCht  VoLMaeCkt.                          =     1756 

!  iERE  pUbLICo  ConDebant  Me.                       =     1756 

i  Moneta  pUbLICa  ConDIta.                           =     1757 

!  At  page  437  two  epitaphs  are  mentioned.     One  of  Cornelius 

Clynaerts,  3d  September  17 13,  concluding  thus,  giving  the  date  of 
that  year  twice — 

MensCh  WaeCkt  t*  Is  tYD  =     17 13 

Want  Moet  In't  Cort  sCheYDen.  =     17 13 

bidt  voor  syn  siele. 
The  other  of  Paulus  de  Schutter.    The  year  of  his  birth  is  men- 
tioned as  1685,  that  of  his  death  is  told  by  this  chronogram — 

precare  lector 
LUX  perpetUa  LUCeat  I 

eI  JesU  DoMIne.  /""     I733 


62  SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS. 

At  Binche,  in  Hainault  From  a  tract,  '  Essai  historique  et 
descriptif  sur  des  monuments  du  Hainault'  By  Leopold  Devillers. 
Mons,  1853.  (British  Museum,  press-mark  10271.  bb.)  In  the 
church  of  St.  Ursmar,  at  Binche,  a  monument  in  the  chapel  of  the 
saint  is  thus  inscribed,  '  d  .  o  .  m  .  Hoc  sibi  roonumentum  posuit 
reverendus  admodum  dominus  Alexander  Wolflfz  hujus  capituli 
decanus  et  in  supremis  Hannoniae  ordinibus  deputatus  VIta 
DefUnCtUs  ILLIbata  prIDIe  IDUs  IUnII.    r  .  i  .  p.  =     1734 

(No  other  date  is  given,  it  means  12th  June.) 

At  Mons,  in  Hainault,  extracted  from  4  Memoire  historique  et 
descriptif  sur  TEglise  de  Sainte  Waudru,  a  Mons,'  par  Leopold 
Devillers.  Mons,  1857.  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1732.  a.) 
At  page  73,  an  altar  dedicated  to  Saint  Ghislain  is  inscribed — 

aLtare  \ 

sanCto  ghIsLeno  >  =     1807 

DICatUM.  j 

Saint  Ghislain  est  particulierement  invoque*,  avec  beaucoup  de 
confiance,  par  les  femmes  qui  sont  sur  le  point  de  mettre  au  monde. 
On  a  aussi  recours  k  lui  pour  les  maladies  des  enfants. 

It  is  related  that,  on  2d  May' 145 1,  the  eighth  chapter  of  the  order 
of  the  Golden  Fleece  was  held  at  the  church  of  Saint  Waltrude  (Sto 
Waudru)  at  Mons,  the  Duke  Philip  the  Good,  of  Burgundy,  presid- 
ing. Du  Bossu  relates,  at  page  148  of  his  History  of  Mons,  that 
Philip  the  next  morning  celebrated  a  solemn  service  in  the  chapel  of 
the  Hotel  Naast,  for  the  rest  of  the  souls  of  the  deceased  brethren  of 
the  order,  and  a  very  considerable  offering  was  made  there  for  the 
benefit  of  the  church.  Vinchant  has  preserved  the  following  chrono- 
grams on  the  event  (the  letters  d=soo  are  not  counted) — 
dVX  LIgat  heroes  aVrato  torqVe  phILIppVs  )  _ 

hIC  VbI  Montanos  eXCoLIt  hanno  Lares.  j  45 

WaLtrVdIs  Veras  dedIt  has  eCCLesIa  poMpas  )  _ 

Cernere  VIrgIneo  qVm  VIget  VsqVe  Choro.  j  "~     I*$I 

i.e.  The  Duke  binds  the  heroes  with  the  golden  chain,  here  where 
Hainault  worships  the  household  gods  of  Mons. — The  church  of  Saint 
Waltrude  has  afforded  us  a  sight  of  this  pomp,  which  church  flourishes 
continually  with  its  virgin  choir. 

A  monument  in  the  same  church,  to  George  Aupatin,  bears  this 
inscription — 

DoMInVs  georgIVs  aVpatIn  1  ,  , 

ConsILIarIVs.  J"     i07° 

Icy  gist  George  Aupatin  vivant  conseiller 
du  roy  en  son  conseil  ordinaire  a  Mons 
fils  d'honorables  personnes  Pierre  et  DacUe  Margte 
Plovvier  decede"  le  20  7^ 
1676.     Priez  Dieu  pour  son  ame. 


r 


SOME  LOCAL  CHRONOGRAMS.  6$ 

georgIVs  aVpatIn  bIs  Dena  )  =       ,  ^ 

LVCe  septeMbrIs  obIVIt  J  ' 

os  CVbat  In  geMItV  DeVs  )  =       ,  ^ 

prqpItIVs  es  ab  Igne  LIbera.  j"  ' 

i.e.  George  Aupatin  departed  the  20th  day  of  September,  his  bones  lie  in 
sorrow.  O  God,  thou  art  merciful,  deliver  him  from  the  fire  {pur- 
gatory). 

A  tablet,  on  a  pillar  adjoining  the  seat  of  the  preacher,  in  the  same 
church,  bears  a  long  inscription  to  the  memory  of  a  priest,  who  is 
indicated  by  the  opening  lines  and  the  concluding  chronogram.     No 
date  is  otherwise  given.     (The  letters  0=500  are  not  counted.) 
Icy  gist  le  corps  d'un  Docteur 
En  son  temps  bon  predicateur,  etc. 
Chronicon. 
hIC  IaCet  egregIVs  doCtor  CarMeLI  Ioannes        1  _ 
ferreI  qVando  IanI  LVX  trIna  dena  fVIt.  J  54 

i.e.  Here  lies  John,  a  renowned  doctor  of  the  Carmelites,  when  it  was 
the  thirtieth  day  of  the  iron  January. 

Another  epitaph  is  dated  thus,  in  words  from  Proverbs  x.  21 — 
Chronicon  mortis : 
LabIa  IVstI  erVDIVnt  pLVrIMos.  =     1625 

i.e.  The  lips  of  the  righteous  feed  many. 

Another  tablet  in  the  same  church  bears  this  inscription — 
Chronographique. 
MargarIs  has  fato  terras  VenIente  reLIqVIt        )  =     ^ 

POSSET   Vt   iETHEREO   DEGERE   VIVa  POLo.  J 

ergo  Vos  natI  et  Vos  gaVDete  nepotes  )  =     j  £  Q 

HjeC  naM  pons  VobIs  In  pIetate  fVIt.  J 

Autre  £nigmatique 
Margaris  ecclesiam  supra,  quae  floruit  intra 

Ut  rosa,  nunc  infra  rosa  requirit  opem. 
Conjugis  unius  thalamos  experta  jugales 
Millia  natorum  sex  superesse  dedit 
i.e.  Margery  left  these  lands  when  death  came,  that  she  might  be  able  to 
live  in  the  ethereal  heaven.     Therefore  do  you,  O  sons  and  O  grandsons, 
rejoice,  for  she  in  her  piety  was  your  bridge  (to  eternal  life). 
The  concluding  epigram  is  obscure. 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

HE  Austrian  governors  of  the  Netherlands  were  naturally 
greeted  and  applauded  by  the  magistrates  and  eccle- 
siastics of  the  country,  on  their  arrival  to  take  upon 
themselves  the  duties  intrusted  to  them,  and  chrono- 
grams were  largely  used  to  give  emphasis  to  the  various 
forms  of  literary  approach  to  their  Highnesses.  Many  notable 
examples  are  given  in  my  former  volume  of  Chronograms ;  those 
which  now  follow  will  constitute  an  important  addition  to  what  I 
have  already  published.  The  several  books  quoted  are  either  rare,  or 
else  it  is  very  difficult  to  find  them  out,  or  even  to  ascertain  that  such 
treasures  exist. 

Albert  and  Isabella 
Governor  and  Governess  of  the  Netherlands. 

A  quarto  volume  of  130  pages,  in  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter 
Begley,  bears  this  title — 

PARNASSI  BICIPITIS1 

de  pace  vaticinia,  Chronographicis, 

Retrogradis,  Acrostichis  et  Anagraramatis  explicate 

Libro  duo : 

Quorum  Prior  est  de  Induciis  Belgicis,  Posterior  de  rebus  tempore 

Induciarum  gestis :   Auctore  Jodoco  de  Weerdt  urbis  Antverpianae 

syndico.     Antverpiae,  ex  officina  Plantiniana  mdcxxvi. 

The  first  part  of  the  work  is  in  fact  a  second  edition  of  a  book 
which  is  described  in  my  book  on  Chronograms,  at  pp.  415-423, 
under  the  title  '  Concordiae  Belgicae  Panegyricus  Parnassicus,'  Ant- 
werp, 1609.  The  author,  De  Weerdt,  became  aware  of  his  error  in 
the  first  edition,  in  neglecting  to  count  the  letter  d  in  his  chrono- 
grams, as  a  numeral =5  00.  He  therefore  recast  his  original  chrono- 
grams (with  a  few  exceptions)  restoring  the  letter  d  to  its  value,  and 
printed  the  whole  series  at  a  subsequent  period  (the  year  1626),  in  the 

1  I  consider  myself  fortunate  in  having  become  the  owner  of  a  copy  of  this  work. 


r 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

work  now  under  our  notice,  adding  thereto  a  second  part  as  a  further 
panegyric  to  Albert  and  Isabella,  and  introducing  sundry  events  in 
the  history  of  their  career.  This  is  the  only  instance  I  have  met  with, 
of  amends  being  made  for  injury  to  the  letter  d.  The  author's 
explanation  is  contained  in  his  address  to  his  readers  at  the  beginning 
of  the  second  part,  and  I  have  extracted  it  verbatim,  at  page  69,  infra, 
for  the  benefit  of  my  readers. 

Only  the  chronograms  which  have  been  so  amended  are  transcribed 
in  the  following  extracts,  the  same  explanations  which  I  gave  in 
Chronograms,  pp.  415-423,  will  apply  to  them  and  need  not  be 
repeated  here ;  I  have  underlined  all  the  words  which  the  author  has 
altered  or  substituted  in  order  to  restore  the  letter  d,  for  the  sake  of 
comparison  with  the  first  edition ;  the  marginal  figures  are  references 
to  the  pages  where  I  first  put  them  into  print. 

[417]  heLLje!  peCorIs  fVgIbns  A  VeLLerIs  aXe, 
IbatIn  eVropa  VeCtorIs  LVCIDa  phoebVs 
sIDera,  etc.  etc.  [in  margin  mdxcix.] 


65 


)■ 


I. 
[417]  aVspICIIs  aLberte  tVIs  fera  beLLa  qVIesCVnt, 
paX  et  LeX  VenIant,  IVstItIa,  aLMa  Ceres. 

II. 
DeCVrrVnt  fVrLs  CoCItI  In  stagna  bIfrontIs 
DVX  IanI  aVstrIaCVs  fanaqVe  CLaVsa  tenet. 

III. 
arChIDVCes  beLLIqVe  abIgVnt  oDIIqVe  tIIrannos, 
eXorIens  Vt  soL  nVbILa  LVCe  fVgat. 

IV. 
aXIs  erIt  gLaDIVs,  faLX  CVspIs;  CassIDe  aratVr  ; 
QViE  fVIt  In  beLLIs  LanCea,  VerrIt  agros. 

V. 
LaVs  ILLa  aLberto,  qVI  beLLa  et  sVstVLIt,  atqVe 
DIsIVnCtos  IVnXIt  paCe,  qVIete,  fIDe. 

VI. 
[418]  eXVLtent  Isto,  VIVant  et  prInCIpe  beLgjE, 

aVspICe  qVo  MartIs  bVCCIna  VbIqVe  sILet. 


[418]  eXorItVr  IanVs  noWs  js  bona  gaVDIa  CVnCtIs 
nVnCIat,  InDICens  SiECLA  qVIeta  fore. 

SlDERlIS   ASPECtV   LeVIqrI,   CERNlTVR  iETHER 

eCCe  reDVX  ;  paX  est  sanCtaqVe  IVstItIa. 

1 


1 599 

1609 
1609 

1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 

1609 
1609 


66 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 


III. 
eXILIo  appeLLata  VenIt  paX,  eXVLat  et  Mars 
VVLCanVs  faber,  et  beLLICa  persephone. 

IV. 
LVCIferVM  seqVItVr  soL,  nVbes  CLarIor  abr  ; 
rIXas  sIC  pIa  paX,  trIstIa  beLLa  qVIes. 

V. 
faX  beLLI  eXtInCta  est  ;  aLtIs  sVnt  tVrrIbVs  Ignes, 
hos  feCIt  paX,  et  paCIs  aMICa  qVIes. 


[418]  Constans  VIta  fVIt,  Constans  Mors,  gLorIa  Constans; 
Vt  sVpero  Constans  tV  bonVs  aXe  CVbas. 

IL 
Vt  CLarIs  soCIanDVs  aVIs  reX  astra  phILIppVs 
ConspICIt,  erIgone  soL  tWs  hospes  aDbst. 

VI. 
[419]  ItaLVs,  et  sICVLVs,  LVsItanVs,  beLgICa,  IberI 

MaVsoLea  parant  bVsta,  preCesqVe  tIbI. 
[419]  *dVX  aLberte  tIbI  InferIor  bona  beLgICa  CeDet 
VXorIs  CLarjE  DosqVe  erIt  ILLa  tV*. 
ICCIa  seD  prIVs  arX,  ICta  et  sVperata  CaLetI, 
arDeaqVe,  Vrbs  hVLstI,  LaVrea  serta  ferrnt. 
LVX  HiEC  QViE  bataVas  VIDet  aDVentare  CarInas, 

antVerpjE  oCCIsIs  r*C  oVat  et  bataVIs. 
fLanDrICVs  aLCIDes  antVerpjE  spInoLa  portVs 

Vt  serVet,  fLVVIVs  ponte  reCLVsVs  erIt. 
te  VICtrIX  hIspana  phaLanX  DVCe  VaDIt  In  Vrbes 

ET  POPVLOS   FRisliE,    LlNGlCA  SEPTA  CAPlT. 

oLDenseLa  DatVr,  CerVICes  fasCIbVs  VLtr6 

sVbIICIt,  et  Votq  seqVe  sVosqVe  tVo. 
[420]  VVaChtentonCa  rVIs,  fortIsqVe  CraCoVIa:  spInIs 

InVIa  Magne  tVIs  spInoLa  nVLLa  VIa  est. 
groLLa  reCepta  fVIt,  rVrsVs  VeXata;  seD  hostIs 

perCVLsVs  CeCIDIt,  te  VenIente  fVgIt, 
berCa,  seCVnDa  ostenDa  LICet  foret  eXtItIt  a  te 

eXpVgnata,  aVsIs  VICta  sVbaCta  tVIs. 

L 

[420]  CLara  DeCorato  LVX  peLLIt  ab  abre  nVbes, 

antWerpae  Vt  portVs  DVX  spInoLa  paCIfer  Intrat. 


=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1598 

=  1598 

=  1598 

=  iS9» 

=  159^ 

=  1605 

=  1605 

=  1605 

=  1605 

=  1605 

=  1606 

3=  1606 


}= 


1609 


1  Here,  although  the  chronogram  has  been  recast,  the  small  D  is  retained  in  this  word. 


r 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

II. 
aVgVrIo  aDVatICae  eX  VotIs,  sIC  beLLa  fVgata 
beLgIC^  rara  qVIes  eX  Ista  paCe  reDIbIt. 

I. 
spInoLa  te  foLIIs  CIngIt  VICtorIa  LaVrI; 
paX  qVoqVe;  Ita  DVpLeX  L^ta  Corona  DatVr. 

II. 
[421]  feLIX  Mars  erat,  et  feLIX  VICtorIa;  feLIX 
paX  patroCInIIs  Ccepta,  peraCta  tVIs. 


ConDVpLICant  pLaVsVs,  qVm  tota  brItannIa  sanXIt 
fceDera,  et  eX  ILLIs  LaVs  tIbI  Cara  VenIt. 

eXpeCtata  IgItVr  VenIet  paX  tertIa  et  ILLa 
LaVDesqVe,  et  CVnCtIs  gaVDIa  perfICIet, 


aCCIpe  pIerIos  fLores  a  paCIs  honor e, 
ManCICItor  honos  nobILIs  hesperIae. 

II. 
CIVICa  paX  eXornat  LaVro,  aVroqVe  phILIppVs, 
qVI  tenet  hesperICI  MartIa  sCeptra  soLI. 

III. 
eLIgIt  aLbertVs  prInCeps  te,  beLgICa  honore 
pLaCata  attoLLet  noMen  ad1  astra  feret. 


te  CeLebrant  CIVes,  prVDentIa,  praXIs  et  VsVs, 
et  nVnC  qVm  eX  faCta  fceDera  paCe  VIgent. 

II. 
[422]  tV  fceDVs,  beLLa  eXosVs  tot  pVnICa,  regI 

sVasIstI,  arChIDVCI,  et  battaVITTs  popVLIs. 

III. 
hIC  CarIes,  VeL  LIVor  eDaX  obLIVIa  gestae 
nVLLa  reI  InDVCent,  VIVa  sVperstes  erIt. 


[422]  o  VIr,  VIVe  DIV,  ter  CLaVDens  ostIa  IanI  ; 
ConCors,  et  feLIX,  hIC  bene  VIVe,  VaLe. 


67 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=*  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 


1  Here,  although  the  chronogram  has  been  recast,  the  small  D  is  retained  in  this  word. 


68 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 


II. 
VoVIt  Ita  VerIs  eX  beLLI  eXeMpta  perICLIs, 
et  feLIX  trIna  beLgICa  paCe  frVens. 

III. 
franCIa  te  eXornat  LaVrIsqVe  brItannIa,  oLIVa 
beLgICa;  naM  CVrIs  paX  fVIt  aCta  tVIs. 


I. 
beLgICa  DIV  DIsCors  fVIt  eXItIaLIbVs  astrIs  ; 
qVjr  LVCtVs  eXpers,  fcenora  paCIs  habEt. 

II. 
InfeLIX  VIDIt  CIVILes  beLgICa  tVrbas, 
qVm  LaVtjE  feLIX  fceDere  paCIs  oVat. 

III. 
fVnVs  erIt  beLLI,  eX  CceLIs  paX  Chara  reDIbIt, 
LaVretI  foLIIs  paX  raDIata  CapVt. 

IV. 
nVLLa  saLVs  beLLI  tIbI  beLgICa,  pLVrIMa  paCIs  : 
eXoptata  IgItVr  paX  Venerata  VenI. 

V. 
VIVIte  paCIfICI,  pIa  Vos  ConCorDIa  beLg^e 
ConIVnXIt  neXV  et  fceDere  perpetVo. 


I. 
[423]  VInCVLa  qVm  InIeCIt  sChaLDI  beLLona,  reLaXat 
paX  :  IgItVr  rVrsVs  Ite,  reDIte  rates. 

II. 
eX  ortV,  eX  oCCasV,  aVstro  proCVrrIte  prorjE: 
SCHALDIS,  ET  ADVATlCiE  portVs  apertVs  erIt. 

III. 
CVrre  LoqVaX  CaLaMe,  et  gentI  sVb  VtroqVe  reLICtjE 
aXe  refer,  beLgas  paCe,  qVIete,  frVI. 

This  last  chronogram  has  been  recast  and  a  new  error  introduced ; 
it  makes  1659  both  here  and  in  the  original,  instead  of  the  intended 
date  1609. 

>   m*m  < 

THE  second  part  of  this  elaborate  panegyric  now  claims  our  atten- 
tion ;  the  title-page  is  as  follows  : 

PARNASSI  BICIPITIS 
De  pace  Vaticinia.     Liber  secundus, 
de  rebus  tempore  induciarum  gestis. 
The  dedication,  filling  three  pages  conspicuously  printed  in  capital 
letters,  is  followed  by  the  address  to  the  reader,  before  alluded  to  (at 


=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 

=  1609 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

page  65),  explaining  why  the  author  recast  the  foregoing  chronograms, 
and  for  the  like  reason  composed  those  which  here  follow,  so  that  the 
letter  d  should  be  counted  at  its  numerical  value  of  500.  These  are 
the  author's  own  words — 

Ad  Lectorem. 

Primus  hujus  Operis  liber  inscriptus  '  Belgicae  Concordia  Pane- 
gyricus  Parnassicus,'  olim  in  lucem  prodiit  laxiori  pede,  qui  in  hac 
secunda  editione  est  restrictior  :  in  priori  enim,  non  semper  omnium 
litterarum  numerantium  in  chronographicis  ad  amussim  habita  fuit 
ratio ;  quippe  secundum  usitatum  morem,  in  distichis  chronographicis 
littera  d  neglecta  fuit,  et  saepius  non  numerata  :  sed  in  hoc,  exactissima 
ejus  in  omnibus  observatio;  exceptis  chronographicis,  quae  tribus, 
quatuor,  aut  pluribus  constat  versibus.  Correctio  libri  prions,  et 
adjunctio  secundi  in  eodem  stili  et  argumenti  genere,  amaras  diffi- 
cillimi  laboris  habuit  radices ;  sed  fructus  earum  dulciores,  si  placet, 
Lector  degusta,  et  boni  consule. 

Immediately  following  (at  page  75)  commences  a  Latin  hexa- 
meter panegyric  filling  six  pages,  in  which  twelve  chronograms  are 
scattered  and  mingled.  As  I  have  before  observed,  it  would  be  fruit- 
less to  extract  any  of  them ;  they  relate  to  events  within  the  dates  16 10 
to  1619.  At  page  81  Phoebus  appears  to  conduct  the  '  chronographic 
congratulation ;'  he  invokes  the  muses,  all  of  whom  in  turn  take  up 
the  theme,  in  praise  of  Isabella. 

Phoebus. 
CInthIa  CastaLLe  ConteXIte  CarMIna  CLaile. 

Calliope. 
IVno,  VenVs,  paLLas,  sCeptro,  WLtV,  ore;  DIana 
arCV,  et  eo  VICtrIX  tV  DeCVs  artIs  habes. 

Clio. 
IVnXIt  opes  IVnonIs  aVIs,  IoVIs  aLes  honores 
aDDIt;  nVnC  VoLVCrIs  regna  CorVsCa  tVLIt. 

Erato. 
regnI  CLaret  aVIs  IaCtata  CLara  trophjeIs 
CLara.    nIhIL  MIrI  :  est  regIa  progenIes. 

Thalia. 
seLeCtIs  qVatItVr  IaCVLIs  qVm  fIXa  VoLVCrIs, 
feMIneo  nerVo  SiEPlVs  ICta  rVIt. 

Melpomene. 

ARClTENENS   MlRO   REGlNA  ORNATA  TROPHjEO 

taCta  aC  eIeCtjr  CLara  refVLget  aVIs. 

Terpsichore. 
teLa  qVIbVs  VoLVCrIs  agItata,  CVpIDo  refIgIt 
CorDIbVs:  hInC  ortVs  pLaVsVs  In  Vrbe  fVIt. 

Euterpe. 
LVCe  trIVMphatrIX  brVXeLLa  Vrbs  tota  refVLsIt 
haC  aVCta,  et  regnI  Lata  faVore  no VI. 


69 


^ 


m 


= 

1615 

}- 

1615 

}» 

1615 

}- 

1615 

}- 

1615 

}- 

1615 

}- 

1615 

\- 

1615 

7o 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 


Polyhymnia, 
VIVe  D1V  feLIX  aLberte,  et  regIa  ConIVnX 
ConsortIs  LeCtI,  VIVe  IsabeLLa  DIV. 

Urania. 
sera  trahant  CLoto  et  LaChesIs  tVa  staMIna  parCe,    )  __ 


}- 


}- 


1615 
1615 


Arrlamatio 
chrooogra- 
phicaad 
Keginam 
anno  1615. 


serIVs  InfeCtans  atropos  Ista  seCet. 

Haec  ita  Calliope  :  confestim  Phoebus  et  omnis 

Castalidum  chorus  applaudens  oracula  metris 

Haec  predicta  novis,  citharas  et  plectra  resumunt, 

Comuaque  et  lituos,  et  quae  meliora  retractu 

Instrumenta  sonant  calami.    Vox  omnibus  una  est, 

Concors  concentus  ;  VIVat  regIna  IsabeLLa,  \ 

aLbertI  ConIVnX  IsabeLLa,  et  regIa  proLes.      f  _       , 
beLgICa  beLLa  fVgans,  VIVat  regIna  IsabeLLa.  {  5 

beLLa  refert  pInDI  resonans  In  VaLLIbVs  eCho.  ) 
Pergit  Calliope :  Flammae  Furialis  Erynnis 

Accendent  aniraos  ;  Germanaque  pectora  ferrum 

Corripiunt :  petitur  Matthias ;  agmine  facto 

Boihemi  patrant  scelus  ipsa*  morte  piandum. 

Detumulm    IaCtANT  PRjECIpItES  A  MAGNl  VERTlCE  CASTRl 

Boihemico    PRiEciPv0s  regnI  proCeres  :  totoque  clientes  =     161 8 

Caesaris  ejiciunt  Regno,  Clerumque  fidelem. 

Hinc  in  foedifragos  Caesar  movet  arma  rebelles, 

Sed  fato  praeventus  obit.    Successor  habenas 

De  jerdi-    Suscipis  Imperii  Rex  Fernande,  Corona 

Store  ^^TterrarVM  tIbI  traDetVr  totIVs  et  orbIs.  =     1 61 9 

Sed  tua  vesanus  regalia  sceptra  vasallus 
Appetet :  audaci  nimium  temerarius  ausu 

g«i^ed«ooREX  freDerICVs  erIt  boIheMIs:  attamen  antfe  =     1619 

Boihemiae     Quam  Titan  anni  spatio  lustrabit  Olympi 

ftS^&i  Zodiacum,  fugiet  LVgens  regno  eXVL  aDeMpto.         =     1620 
i6«>»  Etc.  etc  etc 

At  page  86  commences  a  poem  in  hexameter  verse,  entitled, 
4  Cursus  Casimiri,  seu  Civitatis  Coloniensis  cathedralisque  capituli  cum 
calvinistis  conflictus  carmine  celebratus/  Three  pages  are  filled  with 
the  verses,  every  word  of  which  begins  with  the  letter  c.  The  cir- 
cumstances are  matters  of  local  rather  than  national  history ;  marginal 
notes  indicate  that  the  devil  disturbed  the  diocese  of  Cologne,  and 
brought  about  a  Calvinistic  schism,  followed  by  the  defection  and 
marriage  of  Archbishop  Gebhardt,  who  at  length  takes  flight  to  save 
himself  from  the  fury  of  the  people  of  Cologne.1  The  next  poem 
takes  up  the  subject,  the  leading  points  being  emphasized  by  marginal 
notes  and  occasional  chronogram  verses,  thus — 


1  The  marriage  of  Gebhardt  in  1583  (who  in  the  above  verses  is  called  Casimir)  is  men- 
tioned at  a  later  page  in  this  volume ;  see  index,  the  name  '  Gebhardt.' 


f 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  71 

Chronographicum  anni  mdlxxxiii, 
de  fuga  Casimiri  Palatini. 

VT  LlBR/S  SPECIES  TENEBRAS  iEQVARAT  EOlS,  )   _  « 

eCCe  Verens  VbIos  hInC  CasIMIrVs  abIt.  /  ""      5  3 

(De  occupato  Palatinatu  per  Marchionem  Spinolam,  1621.) 
.  .  .  tua  et  insuper  arva 
Cuncta  Palatinae  ditionis  miles  habebit 
Externus ;  veteres  ista  regione  colonos 
et  Magna  reget  arte,  noVa  et  DVX  spInoLa  Lege.  =     162 1 

(De  coronatione  Frederici1  in  agro  stellato,  1619.) 
eXtat  ager  steLLatVs,  VbI  te  praga  rebeLLans  \ 

IndVperatorI  eXCIpIet,  totaqVe  Corona  j  =     16 19 

eXVLtante,  dabVnt  regnI  tIbI  sCeptra  boheMI.2  ) 

(De  ejus  clade  eodem  loco,  1620.) 
Sed  Frederice  tibi  gravior  cit6  luctus  eodem 

Campo,  qVanDo  tVos  roMano  baVarVs  ense  I  , 

Conteret  invalidos  ausus ;  etc.  etc.  j  *     ° 

The  poem  applauds  the  Emperor  Ferdinand  11.,  who  was  then 
peaceably  acknowledged  as  King  of  Bohemia,  according  to  the  pre- 
dictions of  the  Sibyls,  which  are  set  forth  in  chronogram,  and  to  the 
omen  of  a  comet  which  had  recently  appeared. 

Sibyllarum  chronographica  duodecim 
de  novo  cometa 
conspecto  mense  Decembri  mdcxiix. 
Sibyllae  Persicae. 
VenIt  ab  offenso  PRiESENs  hoC  nVMIne  sIDVs.  =     1618 

Sibyllas  Lybicae. 
IrraDIans  eXtat  toto  IVbar  orbe  CoMetes.  =     161 8 

Sibyllae  Erythraeae. 
sIrMate  ConspICItVr  CceLo  noVa  steLLa  reLVCens.  =     16 18 

Sibylla  Cumarue. 
terrsat  apparens  CrInItVM  sIDVs  ab  aVstro.  =     161 8 

Sibyllae  Phrygiae. 
LVCet  steLLa  poLo  CrVDeLIs  nVntIa  CLaDIs.  =     16 18 

Sibyllae  Hellespontiacae. 
steLLa  DeI  eXorta  est,  praVo  terrore  MInantIs.  =     16 18 

Sibyllae  Samiae. 
steLLa  reCens  ConspeCta  erIt  eXItIaLe  fLageLLVM.       =     161 8 

Sibyllae  Cumaae. 
VLtor  ConspICItVr  sCeLerIs  noVa  steLLa  CoMetes.  =     1618 

1  Frederic,  King  of  Bohemia,  Elector-Palatine,  etc.  See  Chronograms,  pp.  464-468. 
He  married  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  James  1.  of  England ;  he  lost  both  the 
kingdom  of  Bohemia  and  his  Palatinate. 

"  In  this  chronogram  the  author  takes  the  liberty  of  neglecting  to  count  two  letters  D= 
1000,  contrary  to  the  principle  asserted  in  the  address  to  his  readers. 


72  GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

Sibyllae  Tiburtinae. 
VIsVs  erIt  raDIo  praVos  terrente  CoMeta.  =     1618 

Sibyllae  Delphicae. 
steLLa  CorVsCa  DeI  CaVDato  CrIne  reCVrrIt.  =     161 8 

Sibyllae  Herophilae. 
sangVIneo  apparet  raDIo  noWs  Iste  CoMeta.  =     1618 

Sibyllae  Europaeae. 
praVa  paLatIno  sIDVs  fert  pLVrIMa  pragjE.  =     1618 

The  Latin  introduction  to  some  further  predictions  is  to  this 
effect :— The  prophecies  of  the  last-named  Sibyl,  by  which  she  fore- 
tells, in  chronographic  verse,  the  divinely  obtained  victory  on  the  8th 
November  1620,  against  Frederic  Count-Palatine  and  his  allies  at 
the  metropolitan  city  of  Prague,  and  the  surrender  thereof.  The  first 
four  apply  to  Ferdinand  Augustus,  King  of  Bohemia — 

I. 
te  Cesar  CaptIs  DeCorat  VICtorIa  sIgnIs  ;  I  =     16 

hoste  reperCVsso,  rapta  Corona  DatVr.  /  —        2° 

II. 

Gesareos  fasCes,  VICtrICIa  sIgna,  boheMos  )  _      , 

CogItVr  oppressos  Cernere  praga  rVens.  f 

III. 

Mars  aqVILa  nIVeI  traDet  rVbra  sIgna  LeonIs.  =     1620 

IV. 

ARTE   ET   MARTE  TVo,   CiESAR,   DatVr  VRBS  tVa   PRAGA.  =       1620 

The  next  four  apply  to  Maximilian,  Duke  of  Bavaria — 

VICtrICes  aqVILas    eXtoLLIt  VICtor,  et  VrbeM  I  6 

eX  hIs  aVspICIIs  baVarVs  Intrat  oVans.  / 

II. 

baVarVs  h^retICos  prosCrIptos  CjESARIs  hostes  )  __       6 - 

DebeLLat,  trepIDos  peLLIt,  ab  arCe  fVgat.  J  l 

III. 

Magna  DatVr  baVaro  steLLato  eX  aggere  praga.  =     1620 

(This  chronogram  is  also  arranged  in  the  complex  form  of  the 
comet  which  appeared  in  the  year  mdcxiix.,  i.e.  1620.) 

IV. 
arX  et  CastrVM  DatVr  praga.  =     1620 

(This  chronogram  is  also  arranged  in  the  very  complex  form  of  a 
star  with  eight  rays.) 

The  next  prophecy  applies  to  Charles,  Count  of  Bucquoy,  the 
victorious  commander  of  the  Imperial  forces — 
regnI  erIt,  et  PRAGiE  DoMItor  bVqVoIVs  arCIs.  =     1620 

(This  chronogram  is  arranged  in  the  extremely  complex  form  of  a 
labyrinth  square,  *  in  which  the  diligent  reader  will  find  it  more  than 
600  times  repeated ;'  these  are  the  author's  words) — 

1  De  quo  sequens  schema  :  in  quo  diligens  lector  plusquam  sex- 
centis  vicibus  idem  carmen  chronograph icum  inveniet.' 


■\ 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  73 

The  Labyrinth  mentioned  in  the  opposite  page ;  read  from  the  centre. 

ARCIS.  ARCIS. 

SVIOVQVBROTIMODiEDOMITORBVQVO  IVS 
V  IOVQVBROTIMODiEGiEDOMITORBVQVOIV 
IOVQVBROT  IMODiEGAGiEDOMI  TORB  VQVOI 
OVQVBROT  IMODiEGARAGiEDOMI  TORB  VQVO 
VQVBROT  IMODiEGARP  RAGiEDOMI  TORBVQV 
QVBROT  IMODiEGARPT  PR  AGiEDOM  ITORBVQ 
VBROT  IMODiEGARPTET  P  RAGiEDOMI  TORBV 
BROT  IMODiEGARPTETE  T  PRAG^EDOMI  TORB 
ROT  IMODiEGARPTETI  T  ETPRAGiEDOM  I  TOR 
OT  IMODiEGARPTETIR  I  T  ETPRAGiEDOMITO 
TIMODiEGARPTET  IRERITETP  RAGGED  OMIT 
IMODiEGARPTET  IREIER  ITET  P  RAGiEDOMI 
MODiEGARPTETI  REINIERITET  PRAGiEDOM 
ODiEGARPTET  IREINGNI  ERITET  PRAGiEDO 
DiEGARPTET  IREINGEGNIERI  TETP  RAGGED 
jEGARPTETIRE  INGEREGN  I  ERI  TETPRAGiE 
DIEGARPTET  I  R  EI  NGEGN  I  E  R  I  TET  PRAGiED 
ODiEGARPTETI  REINGNIERITETP  RAGiEDO 
MODiEGARPTETI  REINIERI  TETPRAGiEDOM 
IMODiEGARPTETI  RE  IER  I  TETPRAGiEDOMI 
TIMODiEGARPTET  I  RER  I  TETPRAGiEDOM  IT 
OTIMODiEGA  RPTETIRITET  PRAGiEDOMITO 
ROT  I  MODiEGARPTETI  TETPRAGiEDOM  I  TOR 
BROT  I  MODiEGARPTETETPR  AGiEDOM  I  TORB 
VBROT  I  MODiEGARPTETP  RAGiEDOMI  TORBV 
QVBROT  IMODiEGARPTPRAGiEDOMITORBVQ 
VQVBRO  T  IMODiEGARPRAGiEDOM  I  TORBVQV 
OVQVBROTIMODiEGARAGiEDOMI  TORBVQVO 
IOVQVB  ROT  I  MO  DiEG  AGiEDOM  I  TORBVQVO  I 
VIOVQVBROTIMODiEGiEDOMITO  RB  VQVO  I  V 
SVIOVQVBROTI  MODiEDOMI  TORBVQVOIVS 

ARCIS.  ARCIS. 


74  GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

A  four-sided  obelisk,  supposed  to  be  erected  at  Prague,  is  next 
represented,  bearing  chronogram  inscriptions  to  the  four  last-named 
personages,  and  the  date  cid.idc.xx. — 
ferDInanDo  CiESARl  hVngarLb  regI  VICtorI  feLICI  hostk 

PROSTRATO   PRAGA  RECONCILlATA   P.  C.  =       1620 

DVCI    BAVARliE    FlDEl    CATHOLICiE  ASSERTORl   HiERESEOS  OSORl 

GesarIs  proteCtorI  LjETa  praga  p.  =1619 

CaroLo  bVqVoLe  CoMItI,  prInCIpI  CLaro,  heroI  fortI,  ICta 
regIa  praga  p.  =     1620 

freterICo     paLatIno     boheMIa      regI      Coronato     VICto 
ConfraCto  fVgato  LVbens  praga  p.  =     1620 

A  column  supposed  to  be  erected  at  Prague  to  the  Most  Serene 
Duke  of  Saxony  is  represented,  thus  inscribed — 

S.    DVCI   SAXONlA   IMPERII   E.    PRAGA  G.  E.  P.  =       162O 

The  same  European  Sibyl  thus  advises  Frederick  Count-Palatine — 
non  CapIas,  tIbI  neC  DabItVr,  freDerICe  :  tIara  haC   \  =       , 
GesarIs  est;  ergo  non  erIt  ILLa  tVa.  /  9 

And  the  same  Sibyl  repeats  her  advice  to  him  in  200  acrostics, 
4  ducentena  acrostichis,'  which  I  forbear  to  transcribe. 

Then  a  Latin  poem  is  addressed  to  the  Emperor  Ferdinand  11., 
so  composed  that  every  word  commences  with  the  letter  F ;  the  title 
and  first  couplet  are  as  follows — 

Famae  fortunae  felicitatis  Ferdinandi 
fatum  felix  faustum  favorabile. 
fert  ferDInanDI  fasCes,  fert  foeDera  faVstI  \  _      6 

fastIgI  fortVna  faVens  ;  fert  fulcra  favoris,  etc  etc.  ]  ~"  ° 

(The  date  of  the  victory  of  Prague.) 
The  alliterative  poem  contains  no  more  chronograms.    The  Muses 
now  come  forward,  and— 

1  Pergit  Calliope  legendo/ 
Haec  ita  dum  Pragae ;  Femandi  exercitus  hostes 
Victore  invadit  gladio,  superatque  rebelles. 

GesarIs  obseqVIIs  sese  Ipsa  MoraVIa  sVbDIt.1  =     162 1 

pVLsa  reDVX  pIetas  et  restaVratVs  VbIqVe2  \ 

reLLIgIonIs  honos,  arIs  reVerentIa,  CVLtVs  >=     1621 

astrICoLIs,  LaVs  grata  Deo,  et  LatrIa  tonantL  j 

sVbDItVr  et  regIo  aLsatIjE,  atqVe  sILesIa  MaIor.8  =     1621 

ET  TENET  ET  VVLT  SOLA  PROCaCItER  ARMa   REBELLIs4 

hVngarIa,  aVstrIaCIs  fato  saCrata  trophjeIs. 

Haec  dum  Pannoniis  peraguntur  taliter  oris, 
beLLa  paLatIno  fortIs  MoVet,  aCrIa  beLLa,6  |  fi 

spInoLa  ;  Castra  CapIt  VarIa,  Vrbes  :  fcedera  solvit,  etc.  etc.  /  "" 
(There  are  no  more  chronogram  lines.) 

Marginal  notes  to  the  lines.  1  De  Moravia  redncta  162 1.  *  De  restituta  relligione  1621* 
•  De  reductione  Alsatiae  1621.  4  De  bello  Hungarico  1621.— {The  chronogram  is  wrong* 
it  makes  1626.)    6  De  victoriis  Marchionis  Spinolae  in  Palatinatn  1621. 


1  =      1626 


}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

u 

1621 

GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  75 

Then  follows  a  '  Chronographicum '  on  the  death  of  Philip  m., 
King  of  Spain — 

I. 
regIs  Ibera  aDIens  regna  aC  penetraLe  phILIppI, 
ante  DIes  senII  neCat  hVnC  CresCentIbVs  annIs. 

II. 

sIC  reX  DeCeDes:  pIetas  saCra  reLLIgIoqVe, 

PRO  SCEPTRO,   TlBl   FERT  iETERNiE   REGNA  CORONjB. 

III. 

et  Caret  InterItV  tVa  faMa,  et  gLorIa  fIne, 
CognIta  tota  soLo,  In  CceLo  speCtata  saLoqVe. 

Then  follows  a  'Chronographicum'  on  the  death  of  Charles, 
Count  of  Bucquoy — 

hInC  partes  petIt  pVngarICas,  VbI  fortIter  heros  ] 

bVqVoIVs,  CVM  beLLa  par  at,  propeLLIt  et  Vrget  >=     162 1 

pannonIos,  stratVs  perIIt  per  WLnera  bIs  seX.  ) 

And  one  on  the  death  of  the  Archduke  Albert  (the  Governor  of 
the  Netherlands,  the  personage  who  is  the  subject  of  the  present 
panegyric) — 

Nee  satiata  manus  crudelis  sanguine  monstri, 
Venit  Brucellas  ad  magni  Principis  aulam, 

aLbertI  arChIDVCIs  LaDens  Cor:  InterIt  Ipse,  )  , 

et  fratrI  astrIfera  reg!  soCIatVr  In  arCe,  etc.  etc         (  ~~ 
(There  are  no  more  chronogram  lines.) 

Then  follow  'Lessi  sex  elegiaci,  etc.*  The  Latin  title  is  to  this 
effect :  Six  lamentations,  chronographic  elegies  on  the  death  of  the 
Most  Serene  Prince  Albert,  Archduke  of  Austria,  Duke  of  Brabant, 
etc.,  and  concerning  the  happy  government  of  the  Princess  Isabella- 
Clara-Eugenia,  of  the  Belgic  provinces — 

I. 
aVstrIaCVs  prInCeps,  sVpero  eXtoLLenDVs  In  aXe, 
DVX  pIVs  aLbertVs  (beLgICa  pLange)  perIt. 

II. 
ConsILIIs  fabIVs,  Cato  In  ore,  et  sCIpIo  gestIs, 
Lege  soLon,  zeLo  In  reLLIgIone  nVMa. 

IIL 
In  CceLIs  CVM  sInt  tVa  sCeptra  -sterna,  Coronas 
hInC  orbIs  fragILes  spernere  notVs  eras. 

IV. 
non  phcenIX  CaDIt  oCCasV,  eXorItVrqVe  faVILLIs  ;      \ 
neC,  DVX  aLbertVs,  post  sVa  fata  perIt.  ~ 

V. 
non  perIt,  In  CceLIs  hoC  soLIs  CLarIor  Igne  est; 
et  raDIat  raDIIs,  LVna  IsabeLLa,  sVIs. 

VI. 
LVna  regens,  spLenDens,  aLberto  soLe  CaDente, 
atqVe  nItens  rara  LVCe,  CoLore  noVo. 


}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

H 

1621 

}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

76  GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

(This  last  chronogram  relates  to  the  government  of  the  Arch- 
duchess Isabella.)  Then  follows  a  semi-chronogrammatic  poem 
concerning  the  reign  of  Philip  iv.  of  Spain  and  the  Netherlands  : —  • 

Laetitiae  nova  caussa  datur  :  discedite  luctus 
Et  lacrymae,  tristes  gemitus,  quia  nostra  gubernat 
Luna  gubernatrix  Belgas,  et  lumine  lustrat 

Et  beat  inflexu  placido :  qVIa  regna  phILIppVs  } 

aCCIpIt  hesperLe,  sCeptrVM  reX  atqVe  tIaras  \  >==       , 

In  popVLos,  orIens  qVos  soL  qVosqVe  Ipse  reVersVs       f 
CernIt  :  et  Imperium  tibi  erit  qua  divite  currit  ) 

Amne  Tagus,  etc.  etc. ;  mentioning  many  rivers  in  the  dominions  of 
King  Philip.  The  poem  concludes  with  the  exclamation  '  Vive  o  Rex, 
vive  Philippe,'  and  it  is  immediately  followed  by  a  '  Votura  chrono- 
graphicum' for  his  safety — 

phILIppe  reX  Iber  reLLIgIonIs  petra  Can^e  jEtatIs  Cernens 
annos  feLICIter  sCeptrIs  IMpera.  =     162 1 

The  Muse  Calliope  continues  her  reading  of  the  European  Sibyl's 
utterances,  and  here  it  must  be  acknowledged  that  she  has  to 
encounter  a  serious  difficulty  under  the  title  of  a  chronographic- 
retrograde-elegiac-anagram ;  the  full  title,  etc.,  is  as  follows — 

Ejusdem     voti      anagramma      chronographicum      retrogradum 

elegiacum  sibyllae  Europaeae  quo  Philippo1  optimo  regi  catholico  vitam 

et  incolumitatem  apprecantur. 

LanIfIOe  tIbI  sInt  neCtentes  staMIna  Largo 

poLLICe,  reX,  prInCeps  strIpIs  et  hesperIje. 

It  reads  backwards  thus — 
hesperLe  et  stIrpIs  prInCeps,  reX  poLLICe  Largo 
staMIna  neCtentes  sInt  tIbI  LanIfICe. 

A  'Votum  chronographicum'  for  the  safety  of  the  King  of  the 
Belgic  provinces — 

pVbLICa  saCrIfICat  tIbI  reX  VoVet  atqVe  saLVtIs 
aDIVtrIX,  fIat  CorDIs  aVIta  saLVs. 

A  *  Votum  chronographicum'  of  the  clergy,  for  the  same — 
hVMano  GENEkl  ChrIstVs  LVX,  spes  qVooVe  Certa, 
sIt  sCopVs  hIC,  VItjE  reX  CInosVra  tVjE. 

A  'Votum  chronographicum'  of  the  nobility — 
eXeat  InfeLIX  LVCtVs,  Labor  eXVLet,  atqVe 

TABlFlCVs   LANGVOR   CORPORIS  ATQVE  ANlMiE. 

A  'Votum  chronographicum'  of  all  adherents — 
beLgICa  fLoresCat  tVa  feLIX  prInCIpe  taLI: 
VIVe  phILIppe  DIV,  reX  noVe  VIVe  DIV.  J 

A  poem  next  follows  relating  to  various  events  of  the  period  and 
the  conclusion  of  war,  but  of  no  particular  interest  in  the  present  day, 
and  several  chronograms  not  requiring  any  special  notice  are  mingled 
with  the  poetry.  At  page  125  of  the  book  we  find  that  the  Muse 
Calliope  has  finished  her  task  of  reading,  when  Phoebus  appears  with 

1  Philip  iv.  j  he  came  to  the  throne  of  Spain  in  162 1. 


}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

*  the 

}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

}- 

1621 

u 

1621 

GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  77 

t  'final  flourish'  commencing  in  these  words,  concerning  the  Duke  de 

Spinola  and  the  capture  of  the  fortress  and  town  of  Breda — 

Legerat  haec  dea  Calliopea :  coronidis  addit 

Haec  oracla  loco  Phoebus  memoranda  per  aevum  : 

Cespes  fataLIs  BREDiE  :  tV  CespIte  Capta  es  ;  )  _       6 

CespIte  et  aggere  DVX  te  CapIet  soLIpan.  J  ~"  $ 

This  is  the  last  chronogram,  and  in  taking  leave  of  the  very 
curious  and,  I  believe,  rare  book,  I  call  the  reader's  attention  to  the 
last  word  of  the  chronogram,  '  solipan.'    It  is  explained  in  the  poem 
which  fills  the  last  three  pages  of  the  book  that  the  word  is  an  anagram 
on  the  name  '  spinola,9  and  is  a  mystic  word  inscribed  on  a  necklace 
composed  of  seven  precious  stones,  by  virtue  of  which  the  Muse 
Urania  was  enabled  to  know  something  of  the  *  recondite  secrets  of 
fate.1    Urania  proceeds  to  describe  the  meaning  of  the  precious  stones 
and  their  representative  virtues,  and  attributes  them  all  to  the  Duke 
de  Spinola.     She  then  declares  that  Phoebus  (who  opened  the  pan- 
egyric) forbids  her  to  disclose  any  more  secrets — 
•  Plura  loqui,  vel  scire  aevi  secreta  futuri, 
Me  vetuit  Phoebus  :  fatalis  clauditur  ergo 
Mnemosynes  codex  :  omnes  cum  matre  reducunt 
Thespiades.'    Etc  etc. 

The  official  licence  to  print  the  book  is  on  the  last  page ;  it  is 
worthy  of  notice,  and  is  as  follows — 
Approbatio. 

Haec  Pamassi  bicipitis  de  Pace  Vaticinia,  vario  metri  artificio 
decantata  a  Clariss:  Dom:  Jodoco  de  Weerdt,  Urbis  Anturpiensis 
Syndico,  digna  censeo,  quae  ob  argument!  raritatem,  et  metri  varie- 
tatem,  typis  committantur,  et  ad  Reipub:  Litterariae  ornamentum 
evulgentur.  [Official  signature.] 


The  Archduke  Ferdinand. 

A  volume  of  tracts  relating  to  Belgian  history  (British  Museum, 
press-mark  11 93.  1.  6.).  Tract  No.  3  bears  this  title, 
« BRUXELLENSIUM  TRIUMPHUS  serenissimo  principi 
Hispaniorum  Infanti,  Ferdinando  archiduci  Austriae  s.r.i.  Cardinali 
Belgium  ingrediente  erectus.  Describebat  Sebast.  Tychonius,  insignis 
ecclesiae  Colleg.  D.  Gudilae  Sacellanus.'  Brussels,  1635.  40.  The 
only  chronogram  in  the  volume  is  at  page  46  of  this  tract ;  it  was  an 
inscription  on  a  structure  among  the  decorations  of  the  streets  in 
1634,  on  the  arrival  of  Ferdinand  at  Brussels — 

prInCeps  tIbI  ferDInanDVs  VenIt  :  )  _       , 

Io  VIVe,  Io  gaVDe  patrIa.  /  "     I034 

t\e.  Prince  Ferdinand  comes  to  thee;  Huzza  long  live,  huzza  rejoice  O 
country.  In  my  book  Chronograms^  pp.  424-429,  will  be  found  a 
great  many  chronograms  on  the  same  event. 


78  GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

Leopold  William. 

A  small  book  in  paper  covers  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1157. 
de.) '  CHRONOGRAPH/A  SUPER  latum  et  inopinatum 
felicemque  1NTR0ITUM  IN  BELGIUM  serenissimi  archiducis 
Austria  Leopoldi  Guilielmi  pro  rege  Hispaniarum  .  .  .  supremi  guber- 
natoris,  etc.  etc     Lovanii,  1648.' 

The  dedication  of  the  book  to  the  magistrates  and  leading  men 
of  the  city  of  Louvain,  and  the  congratulation  to  Leopold  which 
next  follows,  are  both  in  Latin ;  the  next  and  principal  portion  of  the 
book  consists  of  various  sets  of  verses  in  the  Flemish  language,  with 
anagrams  on  the  name  of  Leopold  and  chronograms  in  both  languages 
on  his  acts,  exploits,  and  victories  over  the  French,  mostly  m  the 
year  1647,  on  behalf  of  the  country  of  which  he  was  appointed  the 
governor.  The  author's  name  is  not  mentioned ;  it  may  be  inferred, 
however,  that  he  was  a  notary,  and  that  D.  I.  P.  were  the  initial  letters 
of  his  name. 

The  first  chronogram  occurs  at  the  end  of  the  dedication,  fLoreat 
Io  LoVanIVM  et  VnIVersItas  In  paCe  Instante  VtI  Castor 
et  poLLVX  ConCors  perennet.  =     1647 

The  following  chronogram  is  printed  in  the  conventional  shape  of 
a  heart  giving  the  year  of  the  world  which  according  to  the  opinion  of 
learned  men  corresponds  with  the  year  of  our  Lord  1647,  as  explained 
thus— Chronicon  ab  orbe  condito l  usque  ad  annum  mdcxlvii.  Hoc 
chronographico  reperies  numerum  6847,  juxta  communem  philoso- 
phorum  sententiam. 

LeopoLDVs  gVILIeLMVs  aVstrIaCVs  fratrIs  sVI  nVtV, 
eX  pII  nostrI  regIs  Voto,  beLgarVM  appLaVsV:  bataVo 
Ver5  stVpente  ;  attonIto  InIqVo  Marte  gaLLICo  BRVXELLiE 
horIzonteM  feLICIter  IntraVIt,  faC  o  pIe  DeVs  Vt  qVoqVe 
Intra VerIt  In  peCtVs  hVIVs  DVpLeX  spIrItVs  patrIs  eLLe.=     6847 

Observe  that  in  the  anagrams  which  accompany  the  following 
chronograms,  mingle,  the  one  with  the  other,  and  derive  their  explana- 
tion from  the  latter.  I  transcribe  them  as  they  occur  in  the  book, 
leaving  out  the  Flemish  verses.  The  hexameter  and  pentameter 
metre  prevails,  and  the  dates  are  '  Anno  Domini' 

Chronicon  a  partu  Virginis  Deiparae. 
In    aDVentV  prInCIpIs    LeopoLDI  aVstrIaCI    In    beLgICas 
terras  IVstItIa  et  paX  sese  osCVLatjE.  as     1647 

Anagramma. 

Leopoldus.  =  Duos  polle. 
Illud  anagramma  interpretatur  hie  subsequens  versus  chronographicus. 
ense  tVo  eXpeLLas  franCos;  bataVos  qVoqVe  paCe;        \  _       , 
VERk  DVos  poLLens  sIC  LeopoLDVs  erIs.  /  4*. 

The  next  chronogram  alludes  to  the  motto  of  the  Archduke  Leopold. 

1  i.e.  From  the  creation  of  the  world.  I  have  tried  several  methods  of  mundane 
chronology,  but  I  am  unable  to  say  which  one  of  them  is  here  alluded  to  as  adopted  by  the 
common  opinion  of  philosophers. 


1 647 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  79 

In  virtute  et  timore  Domini 
In  VIrtVte  et  tIMore    DeI    strenVVs  Vt  Leo  VnIVersos 
profLIgabIt  hostes  sVos.  =     1647 

Anagramma. 

Leopoldus.  =  Polo  ludes. 
herCVLeos  frVstra  WLt  orbes  sCanDere  gaLLVs.  )  _       ^ 

at  tV  LVDe  poLo  prInCeps  VIrtVte  paternA.  J  "~         47 

Chronicon. 
beneDICtVs  qVI  VenIt  In  noMIne  regIs,  et  ab  VngVe  hostIs 
Vrbes  nostras  tVeatVr.  =     1647 

Anagramma. 

Leopoldus.  =  Duplo  sole. 
In  te  soL  DVpLVs  nItet  en  serenIssIMe,  patrIs  )  =       * 

In  te  est  VIrtVtIs,  IVsTlTliEQVs  IVbar.  J  47 

Chronicon  in  honour  of  the  august  House  of  Austria. 
VIVant  IgItVr  aVstrIaCI    roMan^e    seDIs    propVgnatores  ; 
VIgeant  hI  In  nestorIs  aVa.  =     1645 

Anagramma. 

Leopoldus.  =  Plus  leo  do. 
si  LVCes  VIrtVte  Leo,  qVoqVe  poLDVs  oLore  \ 

attrIbVes  prInCeps  sIC  tIbI,  pLVs  Leo  Do.  J 

Chronicon. 

gaVDeaMVs  In  prInCIpIs  IngressV  qVI  est  paX  nostra  et 
VIta  noVa.  =     1647 

Chronogram  made  of  nine  words,  the  initial  letters  of  which  marked 
in  figures,  are  the  nine  letters  composing  the  name. 
1     *    3    4    5    6     789 
LEOPOLDUS. 

1234  5  6  78 

LVX    est,    orDo    PATRliE,    oppressos    LeVans     DVX    VerI: 

9 

sVbDItos.  =     1647 

Anagramma. 
Leopoldus.  =  Pello  duos. 
In  tVa  LVCtantes  VICIstI  hIC  fata  neCeMqVe  )  _      6 

gassIon1  et  ranseaV,1  Long&  tV  peLLIs  VtrosqVe.  J  x  47 

Chronogram  made  on  the  arrival  of  the  archduke  Leopold,  in 
honour  of  the  Flemish  people — 

gaDa  tVos  Cessa  eXtraCtos  LVgere  Leones  )  _       , 

fortIor  eCCe  tVIs  noWs  est  perseVs  LeopoLDVs.  J  ""     l  47 

Chronogram  on  the  loss  and  recovery  of  the  town  of  Courtray — 
CortraCI  IaCtVra  InDeX  fVIt  ante  saLVtIs  )  _       , 

profLVet  hoC  fLanDrIs  fonte  rVIna,  saLVs.  j  ""     *  4' 

The  '  second  part'  of  the  book  contains  chronograms  on  the  acts 
and  victories  of  Leopold  William  in  Belgium,  the  first  being  one 

1  The  names  of  two  Generals  in  the  French  army. 


8o 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 


which  gives  the  year,  month,  and  day  when  the  town  of  Armentiferes 
was  captured  from  the  French  and  restored  to  Flanders  (on  St 
Petronilla's  day,  the  31st  May) — 

gaLLo  sVperato  prInCIpI  nostro  pIo  Vt  sIDerI  aVstrIaCo 
LeopoLDo  faVIt  petroneLLa  VIrgo  In  ense  VICtorI  sVo.  = 

Chronogram  on  the  contention1  before  the  besieged  town  of 
Landrecies  between  Gassion  the  French  General,  and  Leopold 
William,  on  2d  July  1647 — 

LanDraCo  obsesso  gassIon  Ipso  VIsItatIonIs  DeIparjE  festo 
VIsItans  Castra  prInCIpIs  nostrI  aVstrIaCI,  InopInata 
saLVtatIone  reCeptVs  trIstIs  abIIt.  = 

Chronogram  on  the  same  contest,  continued  on  the  following  day — 
et  LVCe  seqVentI  VIsItare  LeopoLDI  VIres  peCtore  spIrans; 
ConstantIA  eIVs  attonItVs  eI  VaLeDICIt.  = 

Chronogram  of  the  year,  month,  and  day  in  which  Landrecies, 
famous  for  its  strength  of  position  and  for  its  proximity  to  foreign 
nations,  was  overcome  by  Leopold  William,  and  snatched  from  the 
grasp  of  the  French,  and  restored  on  the  16th  July  to  its  proper  king, 
as  though  it  were  the  key  to  Hainault — 
LVCe  bIs  oCtaVA  IVLI  LeopoLDVs  abegIt 
hostILes  LanDraCenA  eXVIt  Vrbe  brItannos. 
VIVat  Io  Vrbs  LanDraCI  Vos  gaVDete  renates 
hannonICI,  gaLLo  pVLso  eVICto,  atqVe  reIeCto. 
In  aVstrIaCo  hoC  gaVDete  LeopoLDo  hannones 
hIC  Vos  IaCentes  traXIt  eX  gaLLI  IVgo. 

The  Flemish  verses  which  follow  the  above  three  chronograms 
conclude  with  four  others  in  the  same  language,  and  they  again  are 
followed  by  these  two  in  Latin  concerning  the  burning  and  destruction 
of  the  town  of  Wavre  by  the  Hollander's  soldiers — 
qVm  franCI  patrare  thenIs  DanaI  qVoqVe  troI-*  )  _ 

MaIora  A  bataVIs  WaVrIA  passa  fVI.  J  "" 

WaVrIa  fIDeLIter  pro  bono  beLgII  fVrorI  bataVI 
resIstenDo  nonA  IVnII  DIrVta  est.  = 

These  events  terminated  in  peace,  as  indicated  by  this,  the  last 
chronogram  in  the  book — 

fIat  paX  et  saLVs  pIe  IesV  beLgIs  In  DIebVs  nostrIs 
aVthore  LeopoLDo  aVstrIaCo  prInCIpe  paCIfICo. 

The  *  censura,'  on  the  last  page,  declares  that  the  book  contains 
nothing  contrary  to  the  Catholic  faith  or  Christian  morals. 


}- 

}- 


1647 

1647 
1647 


1647 
1647 
1647 


1648 
1647 


=     1647 


Maria  Antonia. 

A  tract  of  only  four  pages,  and  probably  a  rare  one,  in  my  pos- 
session, the  title  beginning,  '  Epicedion  in  obitum/  etc.     (A 
funeral  dirge  on  the  death  of  the  Most  Serene  Princess  and  Duchess 


1  Probably  a  meeting  between  the  two  leaders  to  discuss  terms  for  surrender  of  the  town. 


1 


f= 

1692 

}- 

1692 

}- 

1693 

}= 

1693 

GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  81 

Maria  Antonia  Josepha  Benedicta  Rosalia  Petronilla,  daughter  of 
Leopold,  the  Emperor  of  Germany,  etc.,  and  wife  of  Maximilian 
Emmanuel,  Duke  of  Bavaria,  Count  Palatine,  etc.,  at  Vienna,  on 
24th  December  1692). 

At  the  solemn  *  pomp'  performed  in  the  royal  chapel  at  Brussels 
in  Brabant 

eJVs  fIebant  eXeqVLe  DeCIMa  febrVarII  )  =       6 

assIstebatqVe  Integra  aVLa.  j  ^3 

Pages  2  and  3  are  occupied  by  the  verses,  and  page  4  by  what 
follows  here — 

CHRONICON. 

Loci,  Anni,  Mensis  et  Diei. 

MarIa-antonIa  VIgILIa  natIVItatIs  ChrIstI  DeVote 

VlENNiE  eXpIrAT. 

Aliud ;  Anni,  Mensis,  et  Diei. 

prIDIe  qVo  DeIpara  parIt  absqVe  DoLore,  antonIa 

LVgentIs  beLgII  gVbernatrIX  pIe  obIIt. 

Aliud;  Anni  1693. 

pIe  JesV  !  propItIVs  sis  pIe  MarLe-antonLe  VXorI 

PLANGENTlS   DVCIS   BOlARliE. 

Aliud ;  dicti  Anni  continens  nomen  autoris. 

fkVatVr  antonIa  reqVIe  perpetVa,  hIs  petIt 

gVILIeLMVs  VanDer  sLooten  presbIIter 

Custodiae  suae  celsitudinis  Capellanus. 

This  last  chronogram  deserves  special  notice,  because  it  tells  us 
the  name  of  the  author,  which  does  not  appear  on  the  title-page. 
Without  careful  inspection  of  the  original,  and  some  knowledge  of  the 
devices  adopted  by  authors  to  hide  their  names,  a  catalogue-maker 
would  probably  write  against  this  production  the  word  '  Anonymous/ 
The  deceased  was  the  Austrian  Governess  of  the  Netherlands. 


Charles  Alexander. 
A  tract  in  my  possession  contains,  in  twenty-four  pages,  a  con- 
f\  gratulation  in  Latin  hexameter  verse  to  Charles  Alexander, 
Duke  of  Lorraine,  for  Maria  Theresia,  Queen  of  Hungary  and 
Bohemia,  the  Supreme  Governor  of  the  Netherlands,  on  his  return 
into  Belgium  after  a  long  absence,  and  on  his  entry  into  Brussels 
with  solemn  pomp  on  23d  April  1749.  Printed  at  Mechlin.  The 
author's  name  does  not  appear ;  the  '  Approbatio '  by  the  censor  of 
books  thus  indicates  it — ' Conscripta  k  r.p.j.b.h.s.j.t.  poeta 
clarissimo,  prselo  luceque  publick  dignissimo  censeo.  Datum  19 
Aprilis  1749.'  This  is  another  instance  of  the  author  hiding  his 
name.  The  last  four  pages  describe  the  emblems  and  triumphal 
arches  which  adorned  the  city  of  Louvain  on  the  occasion  of  the 

L 


82  GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

Governor's  return  to  the  country ;  these  chronogram  inscriptions 
appeared  on  different  arches.  The  first  was  put  up  by  the  Jesuits  in 
the  name  of  the  Magistrates — 

DUCI  CaroLo  LotharIngICo  grUDIos  :  ) 

sUI  prjESENtIa  honorantI  ConCors  [•  =     1749 

senatUs  popULUsqUe  LoVanIensIs.  ) 

The  next  was  at  the  Carmelite  Monastery,  under  a  statue  of 
Maria  Theresia — 

Lotharo  DUCI 
feLICes  theresLe  AUsTRlACiE  aqUILas 

eXULtante  beLga  )■=     1749 

reDUCentI 

THERESlANiE   LoVanII. 

The  next  was  on  an  arch  '  ante  portam  mediam  plates  Thenensis,' 
erected  also  by  the  Carmelites — 

IN  aDVeNtU  gUbERNATORIs  PATRliE  )   _ 

CarMeLUs  eXULtans  ereXIt.  /  "     *749 


MerCUrIUs  eXoptatUs  annUntIat 
eXorat^e  paCIs  gaUDIa. 


}- 


Maria-Christina  and  Albert-Casimir. 

A  rare  little  book,  in  my  possession,  concerning  the  arrival  of 
their  Royal  Highnesses  Maria-Christina  of  Austria  and  her 
husband  Albert-Casimir  of  Saxony  at  the  town  of  Herve,  in  the 
Duchy  of  Limbourg,  on  13th  June  1791,  on  their  way  to  Brussels  as 
Governors  of  the  Austrian  Netherlands,  when  the  Emperor  Leopold  11. 
was  their  sovereign.  It  is  a  collection  of  the  congratulatory  odes  and 
verses  in  French  composed  for  the  occasion  by  various  writers,  and  of 
congratulatory  chronograms  inscribed  on  various  buildings  in  the 
town  and  neighbourhood,  but  without  any  circumstance  or  narrative 
beyond  what  may  be  gathered  from  the  verses  and  some  scanty  notes. 
The  book  consists  of  1 1 2  pages  octavo,  and  is  a  curious  specimen  of 
rough  printing  done  at  a  small  provincial  town,  Herve,  where  the 
events  took  place.  At  the  period  in  question  the  town  was  on  the 
highway  to  Lifege  from  the  eastward,  and  not  far  from  that  city ;  now 
the  route  by  railway  takes  another  course,  depriving  Herve  of  what- 
ever importance  it  might  have  derived  from  its  position.  A  note  at 
page  13  mentions  that  the  town  was  pillaged  from  the  7th  to  9th 
August  1790,  and  many  of  the  inhabitants  massacred  by  the  rebel 
1  patriotic'  mob  opposed  to  the  Austrian  government ;  the  movement 
was  eventually  quelled  by  a  regiment  of  Limbourg  Volunteers,  a 
circumstance  alluded  to  in  the  chronograms.  The  territory  of  Lim- 
bourg is  now  included  in  the  kingdom  of  Belgium. 

There  was  a  public  reception  of  their  Highnesses,  with  recitations 
of  odes,  and  other  rejoicings,  in  which  the  Royal  College  took  a 


1749 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  83 

leading  part,  displaying  or  expressing  much  sincere  affection.  The 
chronograms  commence  at  page  63 ;  flattery  and  high-flown  expres- 
sions are  conspicuous  in  them ;  allowance,  however,  must  be  made 
for  the  habitual  extravagant  language  which  was  then  considered  due 
to  exalted  personages,  and  for  the  popular  joy  at  the  deliverance  from 
the  fury  of  the  insurgents. 

The  title-page  is, '  COLLECTION  DES  POESIES,  embl6mes, 
chronographes  et  autres  inscriptions  faites  a  Poccasion  du  passage  de 
leurs  Altesses  Royales  par  le  Limbourg,  et  de  leur  entree  triomphante 
dans  la  ville  de  Herve,  le  13  Juin  17  91. — Herve,  chez  F.  J.  Vieil- 
levoye,  imprimeur/ 

The  remarks  which  accompany  the  following  chronograms  are 
translations,  or  adaptations  of  those  in  the  original. 

This  good  chronogram,  which  was  placed  over  the  great  gate  of 
the  Royal  College,  has  been  very  much  praised.  It  recalls  the  culp- 
able daring  of  the  rebels  in  effacing  the  inscription  which  had  been 
the  glory  of  the  college,  by  giving  to  it  the  good  and  true  name  of 
RoyaL  The  author  of  this  distich  and  of  the  translation  is  the  Abbe* 
Van-der-linden,  prefect  of  the  said  college,  already  known  as  the 
author  of  several  poems.  His  zeal  induced  him  to  place  over  the 
said  gate  the  words  in  letters  of  gold  c  collegium  regium  ' — 
aUsU  VesanI  teMero  fceData  LeonIs,  ) 

ChrIstIn^  obtUtU,  LIttera  fVLVa  nItet.  j  '9 

The  French  translation. 
Lettres,  que  du  Lion  fouilla  Paveugle  effort, 
Christine  vous  regarde,  et  vous  devenez  or. 

Le.  The  letters  which  were  defiled  by  the  rash  daring  of  the  furious  Lion, 
become  golden  through  the  look  {or  gaze)  of  Christina. 

This  chronogram,  not  less  admired  than  the  preceding  one,  is  by 
the  same  author.  It  was  placed  over  a  door  in  the  college,  with  some 
other  inscriptions — 

nUper  Dente  feroX,  aqUIL/b  prossernItUr  UngUI,  ) 

et  DoLet  InfrenDens  trIstIa  faCta  Leo.  j  ™ 

The  French  translation. 
Ce  Lion,  dont  la  dent  commit  tant  de  forfeits, 
L'Aigle  Pabbat ;  grince,  et  pleure  ses  exces. 

/>.  The  Lion  (of  Belgium),  recently  so  fierce,  is  beaten  down  by  the  talons 
of  the  Eagle  (of  Austria),  and,  gnashing  his  teeth,  bewails  his  evil  deeds. 

We  wish  to  know  who  was  the  author  of  this  good  verse,  which  is 
also  a  chronogram.  He  is,  they  say,  a  clergyman  in  the  country. 
Virgil  and  Horace,  if  they  had  made  chronograms,  could  not  have 
composed  a  better — 

aUspICIIs,  LeopoLDe,  tUIs  paX  aLMa  reVIXIt.  ^=     1791 

i.e.  Through  thy  auspices,  O  Leopold,  gentle  peace  has  revived. 

This  chronogram,  which  is  one  of  beautiful  simplicity,  was  put 
over  one  of  the  windows  of  the  house  of  M.  Lys,  official  and  cure*  of 
Herve,  among  other  inscriptions.     It  rendered  justice  to  the  clergy  of 


84       GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

Herve,  who  always  prided  themselves  on  their  fidelity  to  their  sove- 
reign— 

MARIA,      ALBERTO     VenIeNTIbUs,      USQUE      FlDELIS       HERVIjE 

CLerUs  oVabat.  =     1 791 

i.e.  The  clergy  of  Herve,  continuously  faithful,  exulted  at  the  arrival  of 

Maria  and  Albert. 

MarIe-ChrIstIne,     aLbert    goUVernoUrs    g£n£raUX     Des 

paIs-bas  aUtrIChIens.  =     1791 

i.e.  Maria-Christina  and  Albert,  governors-general  of  the  Austrian 

Netherlands. 

The  following  chronograms  are  not  without  merit  We  owe  them 
to  M.  Dehousse,  *  mayeur '  of  Soiron,  a  truly  estimable  man,  who, 
during  the  time  of  the  •  patriomaniac '  despotism,  allowed  to  burst 
forth  even  at  the  peril  of  his  life,  his  intrepid  attachment  to  the 
august  House  of  Austria — 

soIron,  Le  granD,  Le  petIt-reChaIn  VIennent  offrIr  LeUrs 
hoMages  et  VceUX  r£UnIs.  =     1791 

i.e.  Soiron  *  the  great,9 '  the  little '  Rechain  come  to  offer  their  homage  and 
united  vows.  / 

VIVent  MarIe-ChrIstIne,  et  aLbert  De  saXe,  goUVerneUrs 
si  Ch£rIs  !  =1791 

i.e.  Live,  Maria-Christina  and  Albert  of  Saxony,  our  governors  so 
cherished! 

This  good  chronogram,  and  the  three  which  follow,  we  owe  to  the 
zeal  and  talent  of  M.  Bonnie,  resident  at  Kelmes,  near  the  wood  of 
Aix-la-Chapelle.  They  were  placed  on  the  fine  arcade  erected  at 
the  entrance  to  the  wood,  where  the  province  of  Limbourg  com- 
mences— 
VIVe,  saLUs  PATRliE,  Cesar  LeopoLDe  ;  fIDeLIs  )  _ 

agrICoLjE  pLaUsUs  aCCIpe,  QUiESO,  VoLens.  f  ~~     1^1 

i.e.  Live,  O  Emperor  Leopold,  the  safety  of  thy  country  ;  receive  will- 
ingly, I  beseech,  the  applause  of  the  faithful  peasant. 
VIVe      L'eMpereUr-roI     L£opoLD     II.,     Ch£rI,     aUgUste 
soUVeraIn.  =     1 79 1 

i.e.  Live,  Leopold  II.,  the  emperor-king,  our  beloved  august  sovereign. 
VIVat    MarIa-ChrIstIna    reDIens,    ILLUstrIsqUe    beLgII 
gUbernatrIX.1 

i.e.  May  Maria- Christina  live,    who    has    returned,    the   illustrious 
governess  of  the  Netherlands. 

VIVe    DIU,    LeopoLDe,    InDUperator   aUgUste    beLgIIqUe 
prInCeps.  =     179 1 

i.e.  Long  live  Leopold  !  O  great  emperor  and  prince  of  the  Netherlands. 

This  good  chronogram,  which  has  been  deservedly  acknowledged 
to  be  extremely  happy,  is  due  to  the  Rev.  Father  Henri,  Franciscan 
friar  at  the  monastery  of  Bolland.     The  next  one  is  also  by  him — 

1  This  chronogram  is  erroneous  ;  it  makes  1795. 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  85 

aqUILa  reDUX  LeoneM  eXosCULatUr.  =     1791 

i.e.  The  Eagle  (of  Austria)  returning,  embraces  the  Lion  (of  Belgium). 
LUCet  tIbI  LUX  VI Va,  fIDeLIs  seMper  herVIa.  =     1791 

ue.  Have,  the  always  faithful  town,  shines  as  a  living  light  to  thee. 

This  chronogram,  which  is  not  one  of  the  least,  is  by  the  Advocate 
Denoel,  Sheriff  of  the  village  of  Clermont.     It  may  be  read  on  the  top 
of  an  arcade  constructed  at  the  bridge  of  the  same  name— 
CLarUs-Mons  eXUrgens  eXULtat  et  appLaUDIt.  =     1791 

i.e.  Clermont,  elevating  itself,  exults  and  applauds. 

This  chronogram,  and  the  four  which  follow,  were  composed  by 
M.  Vieillevoye,  the  printer  (of  the  book).  They  were  placed  on  the 
pretty  arcade  which  he  constructed  along  the  road  from  Brattice, 
opposite  to  his  house  in  the  country — 

MarLe-ChrIstInjE-regIiE,      sponsI     qUoqUe     feLIX     hUC 
aDVentUs.  =1791 

i.e.  The  happy  arrival  hither  of  Maria- Christina  the  royal  and  her 
husband. 

Leo    beLgICUs    InsUrreXerat,     aqUILa    trIUMphans    re- 
DIVIt.  =     1 79 1 

i.e.  The  Belgian  Lion  had  revolted,  the  Eagle  has  returned  in  triumph. 
oUI,   CceUrs,   Votre  tIpographIe  graVera    noMs,    VertUs, 
bIenfaIts  De  LeUrs  aLtesses  roIaLes.  =     1791 

ue.  Yes  hearts/  your  typography  will  engrave  the  names,  virtues,  bless- 
ings of  their  royal  highnesses. 

tIpographIe  n'aUra   nULs  CaraCteres  qUI  soIent  DIgnes 
De  noUs  peInDre  Vos  VertUs.  =1791 

i.e.  Typography  will  have  no  characters  worthy  of  painting  for  us 
your  virtues. 

Les  JUstes  VceUX  De  La  tIpographIe  sUpLIante  attenDent 
LIberte  De  Vos  benIgnes  aLtesses.  =     1791 

ue.  The  just  aspirations  of  suppliant  typography  wait  for  the  permission 
of  your  benign  highnesses.     [?] 

This  pretty  chronogram  is  by  Listray,  jun.,  formerly  an  officer  of 
the  Limbourg  volunteers — 

ChrIstInA  aLbertoqUe  VenIentIbUs;  thUs  tenerI  CorDIs 
aMbobUs  UrebatUr.  =     1791 

ue.  Christina  and  Albert  having  arrived,  the  incense  of  a  tender  heart 
has  been  burnt  for  both  of  them. 

This  chronogram,  which  was  put  up  at  the  Royal  College,  has  been 
much  praised,  as  well  as  the  three  which  follow.     They  are  by  M. 
Poyart,  formerly  an  officer  of  the  Limbourg  volunteers — 
ChrIstIne   aVeC    aLbert,  arrIVe    Dans   Ce   LIeU,  peUpLe 
D'Un  C<eUr  zeLe  faItes  brILLer  Le  feU.  =     1791 

ue.  Christina  with  Albert  comes  to  this  place,  the  people  with  one  heart 
light  the  bonfire.     [?] 


86       GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

arrIDent  nobIs  ChrIstIna,  aLbertUs  ;  oVantes  I  _ 

pLaUDentI  popULo  gaUDIa  qUanta  ferUnt!  j  ""     I7^' 

Le.  Christina  and  Albert  smile  upon  us;  how  many  joys  they  bring  to 
the  applauding  people  I 

ChrIstInA   aLbertoqUe  VenIentIbUs,  VerUs  aMor,  VeLUt 
soL  IrraDIabat.  =     1791 

Le,  Christina  and  Albert  having  tome,  true  love  has  shone  like  the  sun. 
prInCIpes  optIMI,  IstIUs  DIeI  proVInCLeqUe  LUX  estIs.=     1791 
i.e.  O  best  of  Princes,  ye  are  the  light  of  this  day  and  of  thi  province. 

This  chronogram  is  by  Father  Henri,  Franciscan  friar,  of  Bolland — 
eXIstIt  aMICa  paX,  ChrIstInA  aLbertoqUe  DUCIbUs.1 
Li.  Friendly  peace  is  established,  Christina  and  Albert  being  the  leaders. 

This  and  the  three  following  chronograms  are  by  M.  Halleux, 
*  mayeur  de  chefs  et  Hauts-Bans  de  Herve ' — 
VIVant    MarTa-ChrIstIna    aUstrIaCa,    aLbertUs    saXonIvE 
reDeUntes.  =     1 7  9 1 

Le.  Long  live  Maria-Christina  of  Austria  and  Albert  of  Saxony,  who 
have  returned. 
De  LeopoLD  LoUons  toUs  La  granDeUr  -,  )  _ 

ses  roIaLes  VertUs  proUVent  notre  bonheUr.  j  ""     I791 

Le.  Let  us  all  praise  the  grandeur  of  Leopold,  his  royal  virtues  prove  our 
happiness. 

VIVe  La  JoIe  qUe  ChrIstIne,  CasIMIr  InspIrent  aUJoUr- 
D'hUI.  =     1 791 

Le.  Blessed  be  the  joy  which  Christina  and  (Albert-)  Casimir  inspire 
to-day  t 

aLtesses  roIaLes,  regarDez  ;  VoICI  Vos  g£n£reUX  gUerrIers 
LIMboUrgeoIs.  =     1 791 

i.e.  Behold,  royal  highnesses,  see  here  your  generous  Limbourg  warriors. 

At  page  74,  among  some  'omitted  inscriptions/  the  following 
specimen  occurs,  of  what  is  variously  called  a  serpentine  or  network 
verse,  in  hexameter  metre,  it  is  not  a  chronogram — 
Qu      t         leth        tr       ir     dol        reple 

os    unc        ifico     ux      a       ore  rat 

H      n       laet  1        ist    nit        deco 

In  plain  Latin  it  reads  thus — 
Quos  tunc  lethifico  trux  ira  dolore  replerat, 
Hos  nunc  laetifico  lux  ista  nitore  decorat. 

Le.  Those  whom  barbarous  fury  had  filled  with  deadly  alarm,  this  day 
now  adorns  with  joyful  splendour. 

At  page  77,  a  few  omitted  chronograms  are  preserved;  they  were 
put  up  with  other  inscriptions  at  Herve — 

nobIs,  aMor  CertUs  DUX,  gUbernatores  Chara  LUX.       =     1791 
Le.  To  us,  love  is  a  tme  guide,  our  governors  are  a  beloved  light. 


1  This  chronogram  is  erroneous  ;  it  makes  1891. 


r 


GOVERNORS  OF  THE  NETHERLANDS.  87 

Ut  rIDet  fatI  feLIX  aUrora  beatI,  i 

herVIaCos  anIMos  reCreat  atqUe  foVet!  /  79 

i.e.   When  the  happy  dawn  of  blessed  destiny  smiles,  may  it  refresh  and 
support  the  affections  of  the  people  of  Herve  t 

qUanta    LUX  tIbI,   herVa,   fULgent  DILeCtIssIMI   gUber- 
natores!  =     1 79 1 

i.e.  How  great  is  the  light  which  thy  most  beloved  governors  shed  on 
thee,  O  Herve  1 

The  remaining  pages  contain  the  poems  and  verses  by  which 
much  genial  flattery  was  addressed  to  the  royal  personages  by  the 
inhabitants  of  Herve  ;  they  are  mentioned  as  follows — 

A  poem, '  Couplets/  sung  by  the  officers  of  the  Limbourg  Volun- 
teers at  the  repast  given  by  them  on  23d  June  1791,  on  the  occasion 
of  the  arrival  of  their  Royal  Highnesses. 

Sonnet  by  M.  Prayon,  a  master-tailor  at  Herve,  also  a  rondeau, 
and  an  acrostic  on  the  names  Maria  Albert,  by  him.  A  note  remarks, 
'  What  might  we  not  have  had  if  this  gentleman  had  completed  his 
education ! ' 

A  poem  on  the  fete  of  the  Emperor-King  Leopold  11.,  '  Nayvet  e 
Rustique  ou  Chanson  Wallone,'  sung  in  the  fine  tent  which  the 
people  of  Olne  had  prepared  for  the  occasion.  The  poem  is  in  the 
Walloon  language,  followed  by  a  French  translation,  and  this 
chronogram — 

ChrIstIne,  aLbert,  £poUX  bIen  assortIs,  VIVez  Long-teMps 
poUr  Le  bonheUr  Des  paIs-bas.  =     1791 

Le.  Christina  and  Albert,  well-matched  spouses,  may  you  live  long  to  be 
the  happiness  of  the  Netherlands. 

An  address  by  the  town  of  Herve  to  Count  Metternich-Winne- 
burg,  the  Emperor's  Minister-Plenipotentiary,  on  passing  through 
Herve  on  his  way  to  Brussels,  on  5  th  July  1791. 

Stanzas  to  the  Countess,  also  to  the  Count,  on  the  same  occasion. 

Ode  to  the  Emperor  Leopold  on  his  coronation  at  Frankfurt,  on 
9th  October  1790. 

Extract  from  the  Cologtie  Gazette  of  8th  July  1791,  describing  the 
reception  of  Count  Metternich  when  he  passed  through  Herve.  He 
arrived  at  8  p.m.  and  departed  at  10;  the  rain  interfered  with  a  most 
elaborately  arranged  programme. 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS  AND 
CHURCH  DIGNITARIES. 

HE  remarks  at  the  commencement  of  the  preceding 
chapter  will  apply  to  the  present  one,  which  may  be 
taken  as  a  supplement  to  what  is  contained  in  my 
book  Chronograms  in  the  way  of  congratulations  and 
memorials  to  various  Flemish  Bishops. 

A  tract  in  my  possession,  printed  at  Louvain  in  1655,  contains  in 
24  pages  the  oration  in  Latin  pronounced  at  the  funeral  of  the 
Most  Reverend  James  Boonen,  Archbishop  of  Mechlin  and  Primate 
of  Belgium,  in  the  Cathedral  church  there  on  3d  August  1655.  The 
authors  name  is  Godefridus  Wreys.  The  next  six  pages,  in  continua- 
tion of  the  event,  contain  this  chronogrammatic  lamentation  and 
eulogy — 

ChrIstIano  orbI  DefLenDa  DIes  Ista. 

stabILIssIMa  fIDeI  anChora 

fIDIssIMa  spes  beLgI  IaCet. 

trIstIa  IaCobI  fata  oMnes  bonI  DefLentes 

antIstItI  Dent  LaChrIIMas. 

beLgjE  DoLeant  LVMen 


ET 

CoLVMen  Deesse. 

hoC  fatVM  DepLorate: 

beLgarVM  DeCor, 

a  bono  regIMIne  ter  prjeDICabILIs, 

beLgII  In  honore  prIMas,  pIetate  CanDor, 

MaChLInIensIs  seDIs  antIstes, 

More,  ore,  et  CorDe  prjEsVL, 

aD  Choros  angeLorVM, 

asCenDens  fLos  pastorVM, 

CasVM  DepLorante  rege, 

CVstoDeM  fLente  grege 

DVLCeM 

DVCEM  anheLante 

oCtogesIMo  et  bIno  jEtatIs  anno  beLgIs  deperIens 

aD  GeLos  tenDens  DenatVs  est 

profesto  rVMoLDo  saCro. 


1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 

1655 
1655 
1*55 
1655 
1655 
1*55 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
1655 
i6S5 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  89 

An  Epicedium  and  other  verses  in  Latin  next  follow,  and  on  the 
last  page  the  author  of  those  verses  brings  his  own  expressions  of 
sorrow  to  a  conclusion  in  these  words — 

CHRONICON. 
abCessIt  IVnII  ter  DenA  LVCe  IaCobVs,  1  A 

patrLe  atLas,  CVIVIs  regVLa  LVX  fIDeI.  f  ~     I05S 

Pangebat  F.  J.  J.  Canonicse 
Martinianae  Religiosus. 

The  chronograms  will  bear  this  translation,  but  without  deriving 
any  improvement  from  the  change  of  language^ 

This  day  is  to  be  deplored  in  the  Christian  world.  The  firmest 
anchor  of  faith,  the  truest  hope  of  Belgium  lies  low.  Let  all  good  people 
deploring  the  sad  fate  of  James  give  tears  to  the  Archbishop.  Let  them 
grieve  that  the  light  and  support  of  Belgium  is  gone.  Bewail  ye  this 
fatality:  the  ornament  of  the  Belgians  thrice  worthy  of  praise  for  his 
good  government,  the  first  in  the  honour  of  Belgium,  a  splendour  in  piety, 
the  chief  in  the  See  of  Mechlin,  in  manner,  countenance,  and  heart  a 
bishop,  at  the  choir  of  angels  the  rising  flower  of  pastors ;  the  king 
deplores  his  end,  his  flock  weeps  for  their  keeper,  sighing  for  their  sweet 
leader.  In  the  eighty-second  year  of  his  age  dying  to  the  Belgians  and 
striving  at  heaven,  he  departed  in  the  Festival  sacred  to  Rumold  [the 
patron  saint  of  Mechlin]. 

fames  departed  on  the  $oth  day  of  June,  the  Atlas  of  his  country,  a 
pattern  and  light  of  faith  to  every  one. 


A  small  quarto  volume  in  my  possession  comprising  16  tracts  in 
140  pages,  consists  of  gratulations  and  complimentary  verses 
in  Latin  addressed  to  various  persons,  on  their  elevation  to  eccle- 
siastical dignity,  or  their  acquiring  academical  distinction  in  Flanders, 
printed  at  Lou  vain  and  Antwerp,  in  various  years  from  1675  t0  *68o. 
Chronograms  are  plentifully  scattered  throughout  the  compositions, 
and  many  emblematical  engravings  illustrate  the  subjects.  There  is 
no  pagination.     I  give  the  titles  somewhat  abbreviated. 

Tract  No.  1.  '  Trismegistus  ^Egyptius,  inscriptus  Reverendo  .  .  . 
patri  P.  Michaeli  Verdiere,  Insulensi,  .  .  .  S.  Theologise  Laurea  in 
alma  universitate  Lovaniensi  insignito,  die  20  Novembris  1675.'  The 
poem  is  a  figurative  allusion  to  his  armorial  insignia,  l  Fundum  rubrum 
in  tres  partes  divisum,  tres  Aviculas  et  Triangulum  continentia/  and 
alludes  to  the  universal  prevalence  of  the  number  three,  commencing 
thus,  and  continues  in  the  same  metre — 

TRIA  SUNT  OMNIA. 

Quid  Trismegistus?  Doctis,  Ter  Maximus  Unus, 
iEgyptiis  notissimus. 

M 


go  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

The  poem  concludes  thus — 

Haec  semel  evacuent :  Si  nolint  plura,  recusent ; 
Tria  sunt,  reponant,  omnia. 

Chronicon. 
LiETARE ;  reX,  saCerDos,  )  _       6 

sophVsqVe  MagnVs  es.  j  —     i075 

♦ 

Tract  No.  2.  '  Phosphorus,  sive  Stella  matutina,  dicata  Reverendo 
.  .  .  Patri  P.  Gregorio  van  Goorlaecken,  Mechlinensi  sacrae  Theologiae 
professori,  ejusdem  in  alma  Lovaniensi  academia  Laurum  reportanti.' 
Allusion  to  his  Insignia  *  quae  Stellam  cum  Libis  deauratis  continent.' 
The  poem  is  in  the  same  metre  as  the  foregoing  one,  preceded  by  this 
text,  'Dominus  illuminatio  meaet  salus  mea.' — Psalm  xxvi.  1.  It  con- 
cludes with  this  '  chronicon ' — 

LVX  et  proteCtor  MeVs,  DeVs.  =     1675 

DIV  VIVIte  sanI  et  InCoLVMes.  =     1675 

Offtrebat  Frofessaribus  suis  cokndissimis,  Cursus 
Theologicus  Lovaniaisis. 
Printed  at  Louvain,  Anno  1675. 

>  —  ♦  —  < 

Tract  No.  3.  Oratio  funebris,  of  a  priest  of  high  rank  in  Flanders, 
15th  February  1675,  contains  no  chronograms. 

Tract  No.  4.  •  Agnus  Paschalis  dicatus  reverendo  ...  P.  Philippo 
Tax,  ordinis  Eremit,  S.  P.  Augustini,  Agnum  eucharisticum  modo 
incruento  et  glorioso,  in  festis  Paschalibus  Deo  Patri  primum  immo- 
lantL  Bruxellis  ...  12  Aprilis  1676/  Printed  at  Louvain,  1676. 
The  poem,  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  metre,  has  for  its  text  the 
word  '  Echo/  and  concludes  with  this  '  chronicon ' — 

phILIppVs  DIVIs  agnVM  sIne  Labe  obtVLIt.  =     1676 

An  acrostic  next  follows  on  his  name  '  Philippus '  in  hexameter 
metre,  and  after  it  this  '  Chronicon ' — 

Anni,  mensis,  et  diei. 
prIDIe  IDVs  aprILIs  Vt  saCerDos  taX  honorarIs.      =     1676 
After  this  is  an  Eucharistic  Ode  in  short  metre,  and 

*  Chronicon.' 
phILIppVs,  saCerDos  VIta  sVperIs  gratIssIMVs.       =     1676 
a  VVnCVLo  nepotes  eX  anIMo  Donant.  =     1676 

1  ract  No.  5.  '  Eximio  patri  Domino  ac  Magistro  nostro 
Christiano  Lupo,  Iprensi,  .  .  .  Theologiae  Doctori  .  .  .  studii 
theologici  regenti  meritissimo,  In  Comitiis  provincialibus  Angiae  25. 
Junii  indictis,  omnium  suffragiis  provinciali  electo  dignissimo/ 
Louvain,  1676.  On  the  last  page  of  the  poem  there  is  an  hexameter 
acrostic  on  his  name  '  Lupus,  concluding  with — 

Chronicon. 
LaVDetVr  VIr  profVnDe  DoCtVs.  =     1676 


r 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

Tract  No.  6.  'Tuba  Cornea  illustrissimi  ac  reverendissimi 
Domini  Francisci  van  Horenbeke  Bruxellensis,  .  .  .  decimi  Ganda- 
vensium  antistitis,  etc.,  .  .  .  per  virtutem  exaltata,  poesi  emblematica 
illustrata  a  Juventute  studiosi  Gymnasii  literarii  M.  P.  Augustini 
Lovanii. 

Franciscus  van  Horenbe(k)e  antistes. 

Anagramma. 

Habens  cornu,  canis  natus,  et  ferves.' 

Printed  at  Lou  vain,  1677. 

There  are  eight  pages  of  poems  in  hexameter  and  pentameter 
metre,  each  with  a  classical  or  Biblical  sentence  for  its  programme, 
and  followed  by  an  emblematic  poem,  the  latter  concluding  with  an 
allusive  line  in  chronogram,  which  I  proceed  to  transcribe  separately. 
The  whole  is  a  laudatory  congratulation  on  Francis  being  made  the 
tenth  bishop  of  Ghent— 

qVIa    faCIs,    qVm    DoCes,    epIsCopaLe     In    VItA    DeCVs 
aCCIpIs  = 

eLoqVentIssIMVs  VerbI  DeI  nItes,  nItebIsqVe  pr^bCo.       = 
ferVens  sCeLerVM  aVDIs  eXtIrpator.  = 

DIVInIorI  eX  CceLo  retI  anIMas  VenarIs.  = 

CLarIssIMVs  DIVInI  VerbI  Interpres  habetVr.  = 

CornV  eIVs  Lat4:  eXtenDItVr  per  terraM.  = 

VIrtVte  aD  epIsCopatVM  eLeVatVr.  = 

eX  aLto  CornV  aVDIetVr  MagIs.  = 

VIrtVtIs  tIbI,  saLVtIsqVe  DabIt  CopIaM.  = 

hoC  prasVL,  CornV  CIVIVM  peCCata  CorrVent.  = 

strenWs  fVLges  CIVIVM  Defensor.  = 

Van  horenbeke  CornV  saLVtIs  ganDaVensIVM.  = 

eXaLtatVM  est  CornV  IpsIVs  a  Deo.  = 

FINIS. 


9i 


Tract  No.  7.  '  Stella  Pastoritia  lucens  in  tenebris,  honori 
Reverendi  .  .  .  Joannis  Cobbelgiers  Lovaniensis,  ...  ex  Plebano 
insignis  ecclesise  collegiatae  D.  Petri  Lovanii  optime  merito,  nunc 
demum  feliciter  electi  Decani  .  .  .  inscripta  et  dicata  a  Gymnasio 
literario  S.  P.  Augustini  Lovanii.'  Louvain,  1677.  The  poem  con- 
cludes with — 

Chronicon. 
es  noWs  DeCanVs  LoVanIensIVM.  = 

MVsa  aVgVstInIana  noVo  DeCano  gratVLata  est.     = 


1677 
1677 

1677 
1677 

1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 
1677 


1  ract  No.  8.     '  Epigrammata  emblematica  ad  arma  clypearia, 
scitum,  et  virtutes  Reverendi  .  .  .  Cobbelgiers,  etc.  (as  in  the  fore- 
going tract)  ...  by  Ignatius  Arnoldus  Jansens. 
In  LIterarIo  DIVI  aVgVstInI  gYMnasIo  tIro  poetICes/    = 

Louvain,  1677. 


1677 
1677 


1677 


9*  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

There  are  three  pages  of  emblematic  poems,  alluding  to  the  star 
in  his  armorial  shield,  and  to  his  great  virtues.  Each  poem  concludes 
with  a  '  Chronotaxis,'  which,  only,  I  transcribe — 

sIDVs  tWM  sVb  tenebrIs  LVCet.  =     1677 

MVLtos  tV  paVperes  hIC  aDIWas.  =1677 

LoVanIensI  In  Vrbe  DIsIVnCtas  IVncIs  Mentes.  =     1677 

eX  CceLo  VenIs  orphanorVM  aDIVtor.  =     1677 

paroChVs  Das  oVIbVs  LVbenter  VItaM.  =     1677 

eX  pLebano  DeCanVs  IaM  statVItVr.  =     1677 

VoVeo,  aDhVC  aLtIVs  proMoVearIs.  =     1677 

Ignatius  Artioldus  Jansens,     Poeta. 


1  ract  No.  9.  '  Plausus  .  .  .  Reverendissimo  .  .  .  Auberto 
Vanden  Eeden  Bruxellensi  Juris  utrique  licentiato  ex  insignis  ecclesiae 
Cathedralis  B.  Mariae  Virginis  Antverpiae  canonico,  etc  .  .  .  nunc 
demum  .  .  .  octavo  Antverpiensium  episcopo  dignissimo  datus 
Gratulabunda  juventute  Gymnasii  magni  P.  Augustini  Antverpiae 
1677/  On  the  back  of  the  title-page  there  is  an  allusion  to  his  armo- 
rial device,  and  this  anagram  on  his  name,  which  are  all  frequently 
quoted  in  the  poem — 

avbertvs. 
Anagramma. 

TV        B   E  A        R  V   S. 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  three  chronograms — 

aDes  oCtaWs  antVerpIensIVM  pr*sVL.  =  1677 

IVre  IVranDo  In  pr*LatVra  antVerpIensI  ConfIrMarIs.  =  1677 

prIDIe  sIVe  In  VIgILIa  sanCtorVM  honoratVs.         =  1677 


1  ract  No.  10.  *  Insignia  .  .  .  Auberti  octavi  Antverpiensium 
episcopi  emblematic^  illustrata,'  etc  There  are  eight  pages  of 
emblematic  poems  founded  on  his  armorial  devices,  addressed  to 
Bishop  Aubert,  of  the  foregoing  tract,  the  eighth  bishop  of  Antwerp. 
These  chronograms  occur — 

aVberte  VIrtVtVM  oDore  epIsCopatV  fLores.  =     1677 

aVberte  VanDen  eeDe  fortItVDo  es,  aC  saLVs  antVerpLe.  =     1677 
aVbertVs  prasVL  pVrs  MentIs  CanDore  VIget.  =     1677 


1  ract  No.  n.  'Reverendo  .  .  .  Anthonio  Spanoge  .  .  .  mon- 
asterii  S.  Bernardi  ad  Scaldim  .  .  .  inaugurate  sacr&que  infula 
decorato  gratulatur  et  applaudit  Gymnasium  S.  Augustini  Antverpiense 
...  die  Aprilis.'  The  year  date  is  only  given  by  the  chronograms 
on  the  last  page.  The  poem  is  entitled  *  Eccloga,'  it  is  composed  in 
the  classic  style  of  Virgil's  eclogues,  with  many  playful  allusions  to 
Spanoge  and  his  armorial  device  on  the  occasion  of  his  becoming 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS  93 

abbot  of  Scaldim  in  the  year  thus  indicated  (the  only  chronograms  in 
the  tract)— 

IntenDIs  VIrtVte  tVa  CLaVo  optIMe  faVtor  =     1679 

bernarDI,  et  CVLtor  :  preset  tIbI  MVnVs  et  aXIs.  =     1679 


lract  No.  12.  'Allusio  emblematica  ad  arma  gentilitia  .  .  . 
Reverendi  .  .  .  Presulis  D.  Anthonii  Spanoge,'  the  distinguished 
person  in  the  last-quoted  tract  There  are  five  poems  with  engraved 
emblems,  alluding  principally  to  his  armorial  devices  (of  which  an 
engraving  is  given  in  the  preceding  tract);  four  blackbirds  and  a 
spread  eagle  are  conspicuous  in  the  quarterings.  A  motto  and  a 
chronogram  accompany  each  emblem.    They  are  as  follows — 

Motto. — Sicut  pastor  gregem  suum  pascet. — Isaiah  xl.  1 1. 
Emblem. — A  crook  stick  or  staff  growing  in  a  woody  landscape. 
IntenDenDo1  peDo  sInt  pasCVa  prospera1  prjesVL.  )  =      6 

prosper  a1  svnt  agnls  prospera1  svntqve  gregl.  j  *  ™ 

Motto. — Erexit  cornu  salutis  nobis. — Luke  i.  69. 
Emblem. — An  ox  running,  with  horns  erect. 
CornVa  ManDantIs  eVeXIt  sIgna  saLVtIs.  =     1679 

Motto. — In  silentio  et  in  spe  erit  fortitudo. — Isaiah  xxx.  15. 
Emblem. — A  winter  scene,  three  blackbirds  in  a  tree. 
ID  MerVLuE  repetVnt  bene  nos  taCVIsse  IWabIt.  =     1679 

Motto. — Cantabo,  et  psalmum  dicam. — Psalm  xxvL  6. 
Emblem. — A  summer  scene,  three  blackbirds  in  a  tree. 
si  sVperIs  LaVDes  CantaMVs  pIngVIs  aVena:  =     1679 

sVaVIs  In  hIs  MERVLiE  LaVDIbVs  ora  fLagrant.  =     1679 

Motto. — Esurientes  implevit  bonis. -^Luke  i.  53. 
Emblem. — An  eagle  has  brought  a  tortoise  to  a  mountain  top  as 
food  to  her  young. 

Dona  gregI  piuesVL  sVaVes  Vt  DIVIDIt  esCas,  =     1679 

gratVs  est  oVIbVs  VICtIMa  bLanDa  sVIs.  =     1679 

Motto. — Sicut  aquila  provocans  ad  volandum  pullos  suos. — Deut. 
xxxii.  11. 

Emblem. — An  eagle  followed  by  its  young  flying  towards  the  sun. 
nov  sIne  LaVDe  probas  pVLLos  IoVIs  arMIger  aXe,  =     1679 

sIC  qVoqVe  Dat  pRiEsVL  gregIbVs  pIa  MVnera  et  astrI.  =     1679 

These  final  chronograms  terminate  the  last  page — 
eXIgVos  fobtVs  abbas  DIgnIssIMe  CLaVo  =     1679 

panDIMVs  IngentI,  grato  hos  rogo  sVsCIpe  WLtV.  =     1679 


Tract  No.  13.  'Vanitas  aulse  et  Inconstantia  fortunae  exemplo 
duorum  fratrum  Melianthi  et  Clelii  confirmata,'  etc.  .  .  .  Louvain, 

1  His  armorial  nfctto  is  '  intende  prosper e.' 


94  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

1679. — A  short  scholastic  '  scene/  having  some  local  allusion.     There 
are  no  chronograms. 

••• 

I  ract  No.  14.  •  Illustrissimo  ac  reverendissimo  D.  Joanni  Ferdi- 
nando  van  Beughem  nono  Antverpiensium  episcopo,  cum  primhm  in 
cathedram  suam  solemniter  induceretur.  Applaudebat  Gymnasium 
Litterarium  &  P.  Augustini  Antverpi®  mdclxxix/  The  poem  is  in 
hexameter  verse,  near  the  end  this  line  occurs — 
faVstVs  aDes  pilesVL,  CanIMVs  tIbI  faVsta  Ioannes.         =     1679 

And  after  the  last  line  this  chronogram  follows — 
Ioannes  pastor  DVLCIssIMVs  InaVgVratVr.  =     1679 


1  ract  No.  15.  'Allusio  ad  arma  gentilitia .  .  .  episcopi  D.  Joannis 
Ferdinandi  van  Beughem.'  (The  same,  the  ninth  bishop  of  Antwerp, 
as  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  tract.)  There  is  an  engraving  of  his 
armorial  shield,  on  which  seven  roses  form  the  principal  device ;  and 
there  are  seven  engraved  emblems  in  which  those  flowers  or  the  plant 
are  the  leading  subject  All  these  are  within  grandly  composed  borders 
all  of  the  same  design,  surmounted  with  the  cardinal's  hat  and  tassels, 
and  beneath  the  motto  virtutb  et  constantiA.  The  poems  are 
in  praise  of  the  bishop,  and  are  followed  by  these  chronograms  com- 
plimentary to  him  independently  of  what  the  poems  express. 
fernanDVs  Van  beVgheM  affabILIs  VIgeat  epIsCopVs.  =  1679 
Ioannes  Van  beVgheM,  VIrtVte  et  ConstantIa1  DIgne 
prjEsVL.  =     1679 

Ioannes  fernanDVs  natVs  gratIosVs  soLIs  LVMIne  PRiEsVL.  =     1679 
pastor  sVaVIssIMo  VIrtVtIs  aDore  CLarVs.  =     1679 

Ioannes  DIV  fVLgeat  sVo  gregJ  faVste  CanDIDVs.  =     1679 

qVIVIs  perbLanDa  IoannIs  VoCe  MoVetVr.  =     1679 

Van  beVgheM  CastItatIs  oDore  feLIX  VIget.  =     1679 

prjesVL  oVes  pVngIt,  qVI  et  agrIs  MeDICVs  est.  =     1679 

pr^sVL  Van  beVgheM  In  aDVersIs  heroICa  generosItate 
gratVs.  =     1679 

fernanDVs  sIt  feLIX  In  iETERNVM  epIsCopVs.  =     1679 


♦'•»♦ 


1  ract  No.  16.  i  Reverendo  in  Christo  patri  P.  Jacobo  Baert, 
grammatices  magistro  dulcissimo  Jesu  pabulo  in  primitiis  saginato. 
xix  Kal.  Febr.  mdclxxx.'  The  poem,  in  hexameter  and  pentameter 
verse,  is  preceded  by  this  quotation— 

Sicut  unguentum  in  capite 
Quod  descendit  in  Barbam. — Psalm  cxxxii.  2. 
The  allusions  throughout  are  to  the  beard,  as  if  the  name  '  Baert ' 
were  a  corruption  of  the  Flemish  word  •  Baard,'  a  beardy  as  in  these 
lines  in  the  middle  of  the  poem — 

1  This  chronogram  includes  the  words  of  his  motto. 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  95 

A  capite  in  Barbam  haec  veniunt,  a  numine  Christo 

Qui  caput,  hie  in  Te  Mysta  raanere  cupit 
Es  Barba,  in  Barbam  descendit,  dulciter  unguens, 
Et  caput,  et  Barbam^  corque,  fibrasque  tuas.     Etc.  etc. 
The  allusion  to  the  'most  sweet  ointment'  in   the  following 
chronogram,  which  comes  at  the  end  of  the  poem,  is  thus  rendered 
intelligible — 

faVste  VngVento  IesV  DVLCIssIMo  satIarIs.  =     1680 

Applaudebant  Grammatici. 
Thus  concludes  the  volume  of  tracts. 


hi 


N  exceedingly  curious,  and  probably  a  rare  book  (British  Museum, 

press-mark  619.  a.  14.),  has  this  title, '  CARMELUS  TRIUM- 

PHANS  seu  sacra  Panegyres  sanctorum  Carmelitarum  ordine 
alphabetico  composite,  cum  nova  et  extraordinary  methodo,  Authore 
R.  P.  Hermanno  A.  S.  Barbara,  Carmeliti  Discalceato  Leodensis.' 
1688.  8°.  Pp.  30  and  371.  The  author's  dedication  of  the  work  to 
John  Lewis  de  Elderin,  Prince  and  Bishop-elect  of  Liege,  concludes 
with  these  chronograms — 

LaVs  ebVronVM  VIVat,  DeCVs  VrbIs  et  orbIs  =     1688 

LegIaDVMqVe  pater,  LVX  pIa,  VIta  saLVs.  =     1688 

Ioannes  LVDoVICVs  ebVronVM,  patrI^qVe  phcebVs.  =     1 688 

VIVat  noWs  prInCeps  LegIaDVMqVe  patron  Vs.  =     1688 

VIVat  Ioannes  LVDoVICVs  ebVronVM  pater.  =     1688 

Ioannes  LVDoVICVs  Vere  erIt  ebVronVM  patron  Vs.  =     1688 

Ioannes  LVDoVICVs  eX  eLDeren  )  _       ,ftft 

prInCeps  eLeCtVs  aC  CreatVs.      "  )  "     I055 

A  complimentary  address  next  follows,  occupying  three  pages, 
alliterative  on  the  letter  p,  every  word  commencing  with  that  letter. 
It  begins  thus,  'Principi  piissimo,  presuli  prsetantissimo  pontifici 
praeclarissimo.  Princeps  piissime,  Patere,  paternis  provolvar  pedibus, 
perexiguas  Panegyres  praesentaturus,  pro  perenni  pietatis  pignore 
posteritati  propalandas:'  etc  etc.  This  is  followed  by  some  verses 
to  the '  novus  princeps  Joannes  Elderin,'  and  these  two  chronograms — 
prInCeps  noWs  gaVDIVM  et  eXVLtatIo  nostra.  =     1688 

Ioannes  LVDoVICVs  ebVronVM  phoenIX.  =     1688 

An  address  next  follows,  alliterative  on  the  letter  c ;  and  a  set  of 
acrostic  hexameter  verses,  five  words  in  each  having  the  same  initial 
letter,  and  each  verse  commencing  with  a  letter  of  the  following 
sentence  in  regular  succession,  'Vivat  Joannes  Ludovicus  Baro  ab 
Elderen  episcopus  et  princeps  Leodiensis.'    And  some  echo  verses. 

The  author  then  approaches  the  main  subject  alluded  to  in  the  title- 
page,  and  fills  371  pages  with  panegyrics  in  Latin  prose,  34  in  number, 
on  various  saints,  doctors,  martyrs,  and  virgins,  who  had  belonged  to  the 
order  of  Carmelites ;  each  panegyric  is  alliterative  on  one  of  the  letters 


96  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

of  the  alphabet  from  a  to  v.  The  author  tells  his  readers  that  there 
is  'nothing  new  under  the  sun ;'  a  remark  that  may  be  applied  to  his 
own  work,  which  is  by  no  means  the  most  remarkable  of  alliterative 
compositions,  yet  it  may  take  good  rank  among  that  curious  and 
laborious  class  of  literary  efforts.  The  work  contains  no  more 
chronograms. 


A  tract  of  14  pages  folio,  in  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley, 
J-y^  is  a  congratulatory  panegyric  addressed  to  Carlo  de  Spinosa 
Episcopus  Tricalensis  [Bishop-suffragan  of  Tricala=Calatabellota  in 
Sicily  ?J  and  archbishop  of  Mechlin,  bearing  this  title — 
APPLAUSUS  PANEGYRICUS 
illustrissimo  ac  reverendissimo  Domino  Carolo  de  Spinosa  ex  ordine 
Fratrum  Minorum  Capucinorum  Dei  et  Apostolicse  sedis  gratia 
Episcopo  Tricalensi  Archiepiscopatus  Mechlinensis  suffiraganeo,  etc. 

Duplex  Chronicon.  \i*x 

InaUgUratUr  trIgesIMa  noVeMbrIs  }         ,72f 

CaroLUs  De  spInosa.  f         — ^ 

DeI  gratIA  epIsCopUs  trICaLensIs  pIetate  ornatUs.  {         344 
Mechiliniae  1723.  J 

On  the  back  of  this  title-page  is  an  engraving  of  the  armorial 
shield  of  this  bishop,  quarterly,  first  and/ourth  argent,  on  a  mount  in 
base  a  '  thorn '  tree  supported  by  two  wolves  proper,  a  border  charged 
with  eight  estoilles  or ;  second  and  third  sable,  a  fleur-de-lys  argent  hav- 
ing two  intermediate  leaves  or ;  over  all  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  the 
coat  as  in  the  first  and  fourth  quarters.  The  whole  is  surmounted  by 
a  cardinal's  hat  with  the  crozier  and  mitre  on  either  side,  and  beneath 
is  this  motto,  'Securitas  in  timore.'  Allusions  are  constantly  made  to 
these  devices,  in  the  poems  which  constitute  the  subject  of  the  tract, 
and  mottoes,  both  chronogrammatic  and  plain  with  similar  allusions, 
occur  throughout  the  pages.  The  double  chronogram,  'chronicon 
duplex/  occurs  very  frequently,  such  as  the  number  3446,  which  is 
twice  the  date  1723.  The  first  set  of  verses,  sixteen  hexameter  and 
pentameter  lines,  follows  immediately  after  the  title  alluding  to  the 
coat  of  arms ;  it  has  this  heading — 

Allusio,  ad  Insignia  Gentilitia,  et  Lemma ;  at  the  conclusion  is  this 
chronogram  repeating  the  words  of  the  motto— 
seCUrItas  In  tIMore  saCro  Vera  parIt  antIstItI  gaUDIa.=     1723 

The  subject  is  arranged  in  ten  divisions  called  *  emblems '  with  a 
chronogram  or  chron-anagram  for  the  theme  of  the  accompanying 
poems;  the  hexameter  and  pentameter  metre  is  used  in  all.  The 
following  extracts  comprise  all  the  chronograms. 

The  chief  poem  'fills  three  pages  and  bears  this  introduction, 
'  Spiritus  sanctus  posuit  Episcopos,  regere  Ecclesiam  Dei,  quam  acqui- 
sivit  sanguine  suo.1 — Acts  xx.  28  (Vulgate  Version). 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  97 

Chronicon. 
VerI;  te  CostItUIt  DeUs  epIsCopUM.  =     1723 

Then  follows  a  series  of  lesser  poems,  the  first  bears  this  title — 
Chronicon. 
De  spInosa  heroICIs  UbIqVe  MerItIs  ILLUstrIs.         =     1723 
Plausus  Emblematicus. 
Illustrissimo  ac  reverendissimo  Domino  Carolo  de  Spinosa  Tricalense. 

epIsCopo,  sUffraganeo  oVIUM  CUstoDI:  =     17 13 

Ad gentilitia  insignia,  Emblema  I. 
Spinas,  et  tribulos  germinabit. — Genesis  iii.  18. 
It  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

De  spInosa  peCCatUM  eXtIngUIt.  =     1723 

Emblema  II 
Et  non  ultra  offendiculum  amaritudinis,  et  spina  dolorem  inferens. 
— Ezekiel  xxviii.  24  (Vulgate  Version). 

The  poem  is  entirely  in  chronogram,  as  follows,  each  couplet 
making  twice  1723=3446,  a  'double  chronogram '— • 
herCULeos  patItUr  taM  noCte,  DIeqUe  Labores.  )  _  , 

LUX  orItUr  MessIs,  raDlA  Longa  sUbIt.  J         344 

InDefessUs  aDest,  Messor  sUDatqUe,  VaCatqUe,  I  6 

InDULgetqUe  operI  Is,  CertIfICata  saLUs.  J  ""     344 

DenIqUe  post  operas,  post  arDUa  MeMbra  qUIesCUnt    \  _  , 

et  CarpIt  frUCtUs,  fIt  pIa  CUra  qUIes.  J  "     344° 

prmsULIs  offICIUM  est  LUCere,  Monere,  DoCere,         I  , 

hUJUs,  et  antIstes  tU  qUoqUe  testIs  aDes.  /         344 

sUnt  CUr*  spInm,  sUnt  spIn/e  InCoMMoDa  VIt^e.  )  _  , 

In  CrUCe  non  VItas,  seD  generosUs  oVas.  J  ~"     344 

aD  sUperos  CaLCanDa  Manet  VIa  regIa  CiELI.  )  , 

IntrepIDUsqUe  heros  arDUa  qILeqUe  sUbIt.  j  ~~     344 

post  LUCtUs,  CUrasqUe  graVes,  post  nVbILa  phgebUs.    )  , 

post  MorteM  Dono  Vera  Corona  DatUr.  j  ~~     344 

Chronicon. 
De  spInosa  pIetatIs  faX  argUe,  obseCra,  2  Tim.  iv.  2.  )  __ 

InCrepa  In  oMnI  patIentIA.  j  ""     I'2$ 

Emblema  III 
Velociores  Lupis  vespertinis. — Habac.  i.  8. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon —  . 

CaroLUs  De  spInosa  antIstes  fUgat  HjeresIs  LUpUM.  =     1723 
Emblema  IV. 
Sicut  Lilium  inter  Spinas. — Canticles  ii.  2. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

VerI:  A  De  spInosa  LILIVM  ConserVatUr.  =     1723 

Emblema  V. 
Ero  quasi  ros,  Israel  germinabit  sicut  Lilium. — Hosea  xiv.  5. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

DoCtrIn*:  pabULUM  LargItUr  sUIs.  =     1723 

N 


98  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

Entblema  VI. 
Flos  crescens  in  campo,  et  Lilium  in  valle. 
Ego  Flos  campi,  et  Lilium  convallium. — Canticles  ii.  i. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

LILIUM  iNTEGRiE  pUDICItLe  tYpUs.  =     1723 

Emblema  VII. 

Sicut  Lilium  inter  spinas.— Canticles  il  2. 

Antistes  inter  spinas,  et  Lilia  degens  elevatis  oculis  ad 

coelestem  suspirat  patriam. 

The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

De  spInosa  LILIa  tIbI  VICtorIaM  InnUUnt.  =     1723 

Emblema  VIII. 
Chrono-programma. 
CaroLUs  antIstes  VIrtUtUM  spLenDorr  enItet.1       =     1723 
Chron-anagramma. 
De  spInosa  steLLa  eMICet;  rUUnt:  tUtor  nUtrIes.1    =     1723 

Orietur  stella  ex  Jacob. — Numbers  xxiv.  1 7. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

fULgens  sIDUs  assIgnat  VobIs  CceLUM.  =     i723 

Emblema  IX. 
Fulgebunt  quasi  splendor  in  firmamento,  et  qui  ad 
justitiam  erudiunt  multos  quasi  Stellas  in  perpetuas 
aeternitates. — Daniel  xii.  3. 
LUX  popULI  prjEsUL  popULo  saCra  DogMata  panDIt. 

DIVItIasqUe  aperIt  :  sana  patrare  DeCet.2 
InstrUCtUs  VIrtUtUM  aCIe  VeLUt  astra  refULget. 

antIstes  MerItIs  (perge  Monere)  sCates." 
ILLI8  aD  JUstItIas  (perfUsI  CoeLItUs  iESTU) 

erUDIUnt  MULtos,  hI  pIetate  MICant.2 
et  VeLUtI  sUa  CoKtra  hostes  DUX  agMIna  DUCIt; 

SIC  ETlAM  PRiESUL  perge  praJre  greges.2 
ID  faCIs  eXeMpLIs,  eXeMpLIs  CorDa  trahUntUr; 
tangUnt  Verba,  gregIs  peCtora,  et  ore  trahIt.2 

Chronicon. 
PRiEsUL  sUos  bonIs  pr«CeDIt  eXeMpLIs.  =     1723 

Emblema  X. 
Quasi  Stella  matutina  in  medio  nebulae. — Ecclesiasticus  1.  6. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

peCCatorIbUs  JesU  VIaM  ostenDUnt.  =     1723 

1  Obsefve  the  anagram  combined  with  the  chronogram. 

*  These  again  are  doable  chronograms,  making  twice  1723.  s  Daniel  xit  3. 


}- 

3446 

1= 

344« 

}- 

344^ 

}- 

344^- 

}- 

3446 

SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  99 

Emblema  XL 
Species  coeli  gloria  Stellarum,  mundum  illuminans  in 
excelsis  Dominus. — Ecclesiasticus  xliii.  10. 
The  poem  concludes  with  this  chronicon — 

steLLa  LUX  Interne  hoMInIbUs  spLenDens.  =     1723 

Then  follows  a  quintuple  hexameter  acrostic  on  the  name,  etc., 
of  the  bishop,  'Vivat  Carolus  De  Spinosa  Episcopus  Tricalensis/ 
which  is  preceded  by  this  chronicon — 

CaroLUs  De  spInosA  stIrpe  erIt  antIstes  VIgILantIssIMUs.  =     1723 
After  the  acrostic  the  tract  concludes  thus — 
Chronicon. 
VIVat  CaroLUs  prjEsUL  aMore  DeI  nItens  =     1723 

CaroLe  antIstes  hIs  festIs  eXULtanDo  Mater  Vestra  =     1723 
orDo  CapUCInorUM  tIbI  VoVet  =     1723 

hIC,  atqUe  posthaC  sUperna  In^ternUM  gaUDIa;     =     1723 
Carole  tota  Hbi  est  devincta  Provincia-Flandro-Belgica, 
quam  meritis  vis  decorare  tuis. 

DAT   GAUDIA   VIRTUS. 


A  pamphlet  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley  affords  a 
conspicuous  example  of  the  late  use  of  chronograms  on  the 
occasion  of  a  public  festival/viz.,  in  the  year  181 7,  when  such  use  was 
fading  away  from  notoriety  in  all  parts  of  Europe,  even  in  the  little 
kingdom  of  Belgium,  which  at  the  time  in  question  had  just  emerged 
from  the  political  dangers  of  the  great  European  war.  For  the  period 
of  six  years  preceding  this  date  the  archiepiscopal  see  of  Malines  had 
been  vacant,  '  sans  Titulaire,'  when  through  the  intervention  of  the 
King  of  the  Netherlands,  and  of  Pope  Pius  vn.,  the  Prince  de  M£an, 
a  prelate  who  had  gained  high  reputation  in  another  diocese,  was 
chosen  to  be  the  new  Archbishop  of  Malines,  to  the  great  joy  and 
satisfaction  of  the  inhabitants  of  that  city.  His  solemn  entry  was 
celebrated  there  on  the  13th  October  18 17,  by  a  festival  and  proces- 
sion such  as  the  Belgians  had  been  accustomed  to  in  former  days. 
On  this  occasion  the  city  was  decorated  with  triumphal  arches,  and 
upon  them,  as  well  as  on  the  public  buildings  and  private  houses,  an 
unusual  number  of  congratulatory  and  complimentary  inscriptions 
were  exhibited,  a  large  proportion  of  which  were  in  chronogram.  At 
the  conclusion  of  the  festival  they  were  of  course  removed,  and  all 
would  probably  have  been  forgotten  but  for  the  enthusiastic  care  of 
the  anonymous  producer  of  the  pamphlet  from  which  I  make  the 
extracts.  The  size  thereof  is  octavo,  in  40  pages.  The  title-page  is 
as  follows — * 

1  This  carries  on  the  account  of  Netherlands  pageants  from  my  book  on  Chronograms > 
P.  432- 


100 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 


1  COLLECTION 

DES   PRINCIPAUX 
CHRONOGRAMMES, 

emblemes,  vers,  et  autres  inscriptions  qui  ont  decore*  la  ville  de 
Malines  a  Toccasion  de  Pen  tree  de  S.  A.  le  Prince  de  Mean,  comme 
ArchevSque  de  cette  ville,  le  13  Octobre  18 17. 

Haec  olim  meminisse  juvabit. 
Virg.  1.  iEneidos  203. 
A  Malines,  chez  P.-J.  Hanicq,  imprimeur  de  PArchev£che7 

The  chronogrammatic  inscriptions  were  in  three  languages,  some 
in  Flemish,  others  in  classic  Latin,  and  a  few  in  French.  The 
descriptions  of  the  decorations  are  in  French.  For  the  sake  of 
brevity  I  omit  most  of  the  Flemish,  and  some  few  of  the  others, 
which,  for  us  in  the  present  day,  do  not  possess  much  interest  or 
meaning.  The  whole  number  in  the  book  (and  they  are  only  the 
principal  chronograms  used  on  the  occasion)  is  140,  from  which  I 
extract  113. 

An  arch  at  the  Porte  de  Louvain  bore  the  following — 
prjEsULI  CIVItateM  soLennIter  IngreDIentI  ereCta.        =     181 7 

And  the  statues  of  Abundance  and  Moderation  were  inscribed — 
sponsUs  aDest  prjEsUL!  MeChLInIa  L^eta  resULta.  =     181  \ 

Is  tIbI  nUnC  JaCIat  seMIna  saCra  DIU.  =     181 5 

Another  inscription  thereon  was — 
feLICes  popULI  !  X  CceLo  DUCtore  potItI  !  )  _       ,      f  1813 

QUI  Dat  CoMMIssIs  pabULa  Vera  sIbI.  j  "     3  34  \  181J 

Another  triumphal  arch  was  inscribed — 
La  VILLe  De  MaLInes  X  son  arCheVIqUe.  =     18 15 

The  facade  of  the  church  of  Hanswyck  was  inscribed — 
prInCIpI  De  Mean  arChIepIsCopo  sUo  IntrantI  oVes.        =     1813 
eCCe  saCerDos  MagnUs  gregI  sUo  gratUs  Intrat.  =     181; 

gaUDeant  nUnC  oMnes  CharI  CIVes.  =     181 1 

And  this  was  in  the  interior,  on  a  statue  of  the  Virgin  Mary — 
sanCta  DeI  genItrIX  sis  arChIepIsCopo  pIa  Mater.  =     18 15 

And  these  appeared  in  the  Hanswyck  street — 
nUnC  ConCUpItUM  aDeptI.  =     181 3 

VIVat  aCCeptUs  prInCeps  De  M£an.  =     1813 

VerWILLekoMt  aLLe  Den  aertsbIssChop.  =     181 3 

Among  others  this  was  on  the  house  of  a  painter — 
Den  sChILDer  WensCht  Den  prIns  geLUk,  =     181; 

aLs  bIssChop  heM  De  VoLLe  JUbeL-krUk.  =1813 

aLLe  MYn  VerVen,  borsteLs,  penCeeLen  )  _       « 

zYn  tot  zYnen  DIenst.  /  ~~     l   l* 

The  next  one  alluded  to  the  patron  saint  of  Malines,  St.  Rumold — 
sis  Constans  aC  patIens  Ut  aLter  rUMoLDUs.  =     181; 

These  were  on  private  houses — 
CIVes  nobILI  aC  InsIgnI  pr^esULI  De  M£an.  =     18 13 

C'est  enfIn  aUJoUrD'hUI,  MonseIgneUr,  qUe  Vos  oUaILLes 
VoUs  soUhaItent  Le  bIen-VenU.  =     181  j 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  i  o  i 

Le  saCerDoCe  D£sIre  Le  bonheUr  De  Votre  arrIV^e:  =  1817 

JoUr    reMarqUabLe    qUe    Le    treIze    oCtobre    Dans  Les 

annaLes.  =  181 7 
Ita  eX  IntroItU  eJUs  totUs  LiETATUR  senatUs,  totUsqUe 

popULUs  MeChLInIensIs  abUnDe.  =  181 7 
Venez,    oUI    Venez,     ILLUstre     arCheV£qUe    si     DesIr£; 
qUeLLe  JoIe  ICI,  qUeL   bonheUr   poUr   Les  CItoYens  De 

La  VILLe.  =  1817 

soYez  aInsI  Le  bIen-VenU,  DIgne  pr£Lat,  Dans  Ce  DIoCfesE.  =  181 7 

LoUi  soIt  L'arCheVIqUe  franCoIs  De  M£an.  =  181 7 
On  the  front  of  a  house — 

eCCe  nUnC  teMpUs  gaUDII.  =  1817 

VerbLYD  U  nU  aLLe  MeCheLaeren.  =  18 17 

hoDIe  oCCUrrIte  oMnes  ILLUstrI  antIstItI.  =  181 7 

On  the  Hotel  de  Ville— 

speCtato  PRiEsULI  soLeMnIter  IngreDIentI  CIVItas.  =  181 7 

gratULaMUr  fe  CorDe  arChIprjEsULI.  =  1817 

k*C  antIstItI  IntrantI  DoMUs  CIVICa.  =  181 7 

The  Cathedral  was  adorned  with  many  devices  and  inscriptions ; 
these  were  among  the  chronograms — 

Intrante    franCIsCo     antonIo,    pontIfICe     sUo,     tanDeM 

respIraVIt.  =  1817 

These  were  put  up  with  wreaths  of  flowers  and  laurels — 

tenUe  DeVotI  greg Is  hoC  aCCepta  sertUM.  =  181 7 

haC  nobILIorI  LaUro  sUbMIssos  sIbI  DeCorabIt.  =  1817 

And  these  with  various  appropriate  devices — 

De  DIgno  PRiEsULE  sUo  gaUDet  eCCLesIa.  ==  181 7 

DeCUs  thronI  tUI  CresCet  iETERNUM.  =  1817 

eLegIt  eUM  DeUs  eCCLesLe  sUje.  =  181 7 

oVes  reCte  aUDIent  VoCeM  pasCentIs,  =  18 17 

q\Jm  CUrta  seMIta  aD  oVILe  CceLeste.  =  181 7 

gratI  Deo,  fILII  paCIs  geMInabUnt  aLLeLUIa,  =  1817 

qUaM  pULChra  seDes  EVANGELIsTiE  paCIs  !  =  1817 

nUnC  atroX  DIsCorDIa  CeDat.  =  18 17 

paX  De  CceLo  nobIs,  aMen,  aLLeLUIa  !  =  1817 

Sur  deux  pyramides — 

Intrat  oVans  MUros  pr«sUL,  Date  CantICa  LiETA.  =  181 7 

prasULe  franCIsCo  PERAMiENOS  eDIte  pLaUsUs.  =  181 7 

Sur  deux  autres,  qui  Itaient  plac^es  au  Palais  de  Justice — 

oMnIpotens  DeUs  sUCCUrrat  epIsCopo.  =  1817 

Les  boUrgeoIs  a  UarCheV^qUe  prInCe  De  M£an.  =  181 7 

On  the  Archbishop's  palace  gate — 

aCCeptUs  pr«sUL  LjetItIa  DoMUs.  =  181 7 

At  the  gate  of '  Le  Seminaire  Archtepiscopal ' — 

CLerUs  arChIprjesULI  sUo  De  M^an.  =  1817 

DIgne  PRiEsUL,  aCCIpe  Vota  theoLogorUM.  =  18 17 

DIU  prasIs  oVILI,  CeLsIssIMe  prInCeps.  =  18 17 

festInat  PRiEsUL  CUnCtIs  aDferre  saLUteM.  =  181 7 


102  SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS 

At  a  niche  containing  a  statue  of  the  Virgin — 

eLeCta  VIrgo  CUstoDI  prasULeM.  =  1817 

On  the  outside  of  the  same  building  many  emblems  were  put  up, 
with  various  inscriptions,  including  these  hexameter  and  pentameter 
chronograms — 

1.  eUok  optatUs  aDest  pr^esUL  MeChLInIa  psaLLe.  =  18 17 

2.  Ista  DoMUs,  franCIsCe,  tUo  L*tata  resULtat  =  181 7 
aspeCtU,  et  MerItos  ConspIrat  fUnDere  CantUs.  =  18 17 

3.  prjEsUL  aDest,  CIVes  h/erk  Cantate  trIUMphos.  =  181 7 

4.  o  prInCeps  MItIs  !  popULI  tIbI  CopIa  pLaUDat,  =  181 7 

CUM  tIbI  sIt  ChrIstI  traDIta  CUra  gregIs.  =  1817 

5.  CasIbUs  aDVersIs  tIbI  sInt  soLaMIna  CceLI.  =  1817 

6.  nos  Contra  VIgILanDo  LUpos  DefenDe  VoraCes,  =  181 7 

soLLICItasqUe  preCes  VotaqUe  reDDe  Deo.  =  1817 

7.  o  PRiEsUL  paCIs  !  DeCorato  teMpUs  oLIVa.  =  1817 

8.  gaUDIa  Vos  reCreent,  pULsetIs  CorDe  DoLores,  =  181 7 

prjEsUL  aDest  CUnCto  regULa  fIrMa  gregI.  =  181 7 

9.  Mentes  L^etIfICat  VenIens  aD  oVILIa  ChrIstI.  =  181 7 

10.  prjeLatUs  VenIt  VIDUje  gratIssIMUs  UrbI,  )  _  g 

faUsta  poLo  CIVes  soLVere  Vota  JUVet.  /  ' 

11.  Vota  pIo  LjEtUs  proMIt  De  peCtore  CLerUs.  =  1817 

12.  prjeLato,  CeLebrI  qUeM  nobIs  DUCtor  ab  Urbe  =  1817 
Ipse  pIUs  Donat,  DeLeCta  appLaUDo  CaterVa  1  =  1817 

13.  fInIbUs  absCeDat  beLgarUM,  PRitsULE  Charo  =  1817 

franCIsCo,  IMpIetas:  VIVIto  prIsCa  fIDes.  =  1817 

14.  VastI  Hi«C  CUra  gregIs  Labor  est,  o  prjesUL  aManDe  !  =  1817 
pergraVIs,    ast    LoqUerIs:    non    (CreDe)    reCUso 

Labor  eM.  =  1817 

15.  aLMas  paX  fIget,  franCIsCo  pr^bsULe,  seDes  =  181 7 

In  beLgIs:  feLIX  arrIDe  DILIa  sCaLDI.  =  1817 

16.  ILLe  poLos  serUs  VaDat  posCaMUs  In  aLtos,  =  1817 

aC  iEVo  MULto  pasCat  oVILe  DeI  !  =--  1817 

17.  nUnC  Veteres  PATRliE  spLenDores  MeChLa  reVIset.  =  1817 
On  the  '  Petit  S^minaire  '— 

CoLLegIUM  VeneranDo  sUo  proteCtorI.  =  181 7 

franCIsCo-antonIo  gaUDentes  Vota  CanaMUs.  =  1817 
At  the  '  College  Municipal,'  where  much  poetry  and  many  chrono- 
grams were  exhibited,  with  emblems,  etc. — 
saCrato  PRiEsULI,  Meantano  prInCIpI,  VIt/e  sanC-") 

tItate  CLarIssIMo  saCrorUM  aMore  ConstantIa-  (  _  ,g 

qUe  In  sUos  InsIgnI,  sapIentI,  aLUMnI  CoLLegII  j  ' 
MeChLInIensIs  Ut  gratI  ponI  CUrarUnt.                ) 


VIX  LUX  DIMICUI,  VI  LUI,  LUXI.1  =     1817 

1  This  is  a  '  pure  chronogram, '  every  letter  being  counted.  ^  _ 


r 


SOME  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  103 

eMICet  antIstes  Constans!  pLebs,  LaUDe  frUatUr,            =  181 7 

VI Vat  In  jeternUM  Casta  Corona,  DeCor,                         =  181 7 

o  DeCUs,  o  eXtans  CLerI  fLorentIs  aMator,                       =  181 7 

sInCero  faCto  CeDe  MInerVa  sagaX.                                   =  181 7 

DoneC  erIt  pronUs  phcebUs,  bIs  SjeCULa  taLeM                  =  1817 

HAUD   FAMjE  TRiBUENT,  aIJREA  SiECLA  LICet.                             =  181 7 

TlRONES  CANTENT  LaUDUM  PRiECONlA  pLUra                                =  18 1 7 

atqUe  DeCUs  toLLant,  noMIna  saCra  VIro.                      =  1817 

gratUs  aMor,  paCata  qUIes,  ConCorDIa  Vera,                     =  181 7 

eXeMpLar,  CastUs,  gLorIa  saCra  DeI.                                =  181 7 

artIbUs  antIstes  DoCtor  faMAqUe  CorUsCas                        =  1817 

MorIbUs  eXCeLLens,  et  pIetate  DeCor.                              =  181 7 

ConCorDI  peragUnt  festUM  VenerabILe,  fLore                  =  18 17 

Vates,  ContInUo  VoCe  CI£re  MoDos.                                  =  18 17 

eXtoLLIMUs  ConCorDIter.                           =  181 7 

tUbA  aC  CantIbUs  aDDIte  DeCUs.                    =  181 7 

qUID  MiECENATE  prjesULe  CLarIUs  ?                  =  1817 

MUnUsCULa  CorDIaLIa                             =  1817 

Deferunt  Studiosi  Clarissirao  Archiepiscopo. 

On  the  front  of  the  « Hopital  Civil'— 

epIsCopo  sUo  appLaUDUnt  saCr>e  MonIaLes,           =  1817 

MULtos  paCatosqUe  DIes  PRiEsULI  appreCantes.        =  181 7 

epIsCopUs,  Monente  paULo,  hospItaLIs,  hospItaLIa    )  _  Qt„ 

DILIget.                                         /-  l817 

arChIepIsCopaLe  peDUM  eLeVatUr.                   =  181 7 

De  M£an,  aLter  franCIsCUs,  antonIUsqUe  aLter,      =  1817 

hUMILItate,  sanCtItate,  VIgILantIA  DoCtrInA.         =  18 17 

In  Verbo,  In  ConVersatIone,  In  CharItate,  In  fIDe  )  =  « 

gregeM  pasCet.                                   /  ' 

sUper  CanDeLabrUM  Ipse  LUCebIt.                     =  1817 
The  procession  was  accompanied  by  several  emblems,   among 
them  was  a  triumphal  car  representing  the  Church,  inscribed — 

SEDIS    APOSTOLICiE    ET    REGIME    MaJeSTATIs    GRATIA    LiETANTUR 

CIVes.  =1817 

A  ship  representing  the  s  Barque  of  Saint  Peter,'  inscribed — 

JaCtent  VesanA  VI,  haUD  Mergent  proCeLLjE.  =  181 7 
On  board  the  ship  were  '  young  sailors '  who  chanted  a  long  poem 
with  a  recurring  chorus,  in  the  Flemish  language.  The  last  words  of 
the  pamphlet  are :  May  the  epoch  of  the  return  of  the  peace  and 
happiness  which  our  ancestqrs  enjoyed  in  their  good  old  times,  date 
from  this  festival,  distinguished  by  its  cordiality  and  its  sincerity. 


MISCELLANEOUS   GRATULATIONS. 


N  this  chapter  I  bring  into  notice  many  chronogram- 
matic  memorials  of  persons  and  events  appertaining 
to  Flanders  and  Holland,  extracted  from  books  of 
considerable  variety,  and  not  belonging  particularly  to 
the  subjects  of  the  two  preceding  chapters. 

A  book  in  the  British  Museum  Library  (press-mark  11122.  d.  5.-2), 
J-\^  by  F.  H.  Canisius,  a  priest  at  Bois-le-Duc,  in  Brabant,  printed  at 
Louvain  in  1661,  containing  poems  and  epigrams  addressed  to  various 
persons,  enigmas,  and  logographs  or  word-puzzles,  all  in  Latin,  *  for 
the  exercise  of  young  people.'  Several  chronograms  adorn  the  pages. 
The  title  is,  F.  Henrici  Canisii  Sylvae-ducensis  Ord.  FF.  Erem. 
S.  P.  Augustini  S.  Th.  Licentiati.  Fasciculus  Laureatus  coin- 
prehendens  poemata  LX.  dignitati  et  honori  diversorum  inscripta, 
Diversis  pro  diversis  ab  eo  composita,  nunc  sub  auctoris  nomine  simul 
exposita:  Quibus  subjunguntur  L.  senigmata,  et  totidem  logdgriphi 
ad  exercitium  studiosae  juventutis.  Lovanii,  161 1.  8°.  The  following 
are  selected  extracts — 

Poem  L,  to  John  of  Austria,1  on  his  arrival  in  Brabant  as  governor, 
concludes  with  this  duplex  chronicon — 

hIC  aDest  fLos  heroVM.  =     1656 

beLLI  fVLMen  aDest.  =     1656 

Poem  ii.,  to  the  same,  concludes  with — 

VICtor  beLgas  MoDerare:  =     1656 

aC  Da  saLVteM  patrIjE.  =     1656 


Sec  Index  to  this,  and  former  volume  of  Chronograms,  John  of  Austria. 


FLANDERS— MISCELLANEOUS  GRATULATIONS.       105 

Poem  iv.,  to  John  Cruesen,  on  his  being  made  archbishop  of 
Mechlin  and  primate  of  Belgium,  concludes  with— 

DIgna  es  CoLVMna  patrLe.  =     1657 

pIa  saCerDotVM  gLorIa.  =     1657 

DeLICIVM.  =     1657 

Poem  vi.,  to  John  van  Wachtendonck,  bishop  of  Namur,  con- 
cludes with  three  chronograms,  two  being  in  the  first  verse,  and  one 
in  the  second  (the  inserted  bars  divide  the  chronograms) —  ,    , 

InCLIIta,  Io,  tanDeM  ||  ConDIgnjB  gLorIa  MIlTRiE  =  <  *;54 

Donata  est:  pLan&  CoMpetIt  Ista  tIbI.  =     1654 

Poem  ix.,   to  John   Chrysostom  vander  Steere,   abbot   of  the 
Praemonstratensian  monastery  of  St  Michael  at  Antwerp — 
spLenDe,    o    steLLa    MIhI  :    ||    pater  o  ChrIIsostoMe  i  =     1652 
spLenDk:    •  1  ss     1652 

Me  CLaro,  antIstes,  raDIo  ||  DIgnare  CLIenteM.     <  ^     l^2 

Poem  xix.,  to  F.  Philip  du  Beyne,  a  reverend,  pious,  and  wise 
man,  concludes  with  these  allusions  to  his  wisdom — 

sapIens  DeVM  pLaCat.  =     1656 

sapIens  MVnDo  pLaCet.  =     1656 

Poem  xx.,  to  Jacobus  Paludanus  of  the  Praemonstratensian  order. 
The  motto  '  omnibus '  runs  through  the  poem,  which  concludes  thus — 

MI  JaCobe  paLVDane  !  =1657 

oMnIbVs  DonIs  CLare,  =     1657 

profICIas  aD  saLVteM.  =     1657 

Poem  xliii.,  to  a  learned  physician,  concludes  with — 

fLore  In  MeDICIna.  =     1653 

Poem  xliv.,  to  another  learned  physician,  concludes  with — 

DoCtrIna  per  phILosophIaM,  =     1653 

gLorIa  e  MeDICIna  =     1653 

tIbI  JaM  CLARk  Data.  =     1653 

Poem  xlv.,  to  another  physician,  concludes  with — 

arteM  stVDIosI:  CoLe.  =     1656 

X  MeDICo  saLVs.  =     1656 

I  omit  eighty  other  chronograms,  because  the  sense  and  meaning 
of  them  would  be  very  obscure  if  separated  from  the  verses  with 
which  they  are  associated  They  consist  of  allusions  to 'armorial 
bearings,  anagrams  on  names,  repetitions  of  the  words  of  mottoes 
to  poems,  and  of  words  interwoven  with  the  lines  of  epigrams,  etc., 
all  of  which  would  necessitate  transcripts  of  long  poems,  curious 
indeed  when  read  from  the  book  itself,  but  which  would  be  uninterest- 
ing as  extracts  even  when  enlivened  by  the  chronograms. 

The  logogriphs  alluded  to  in  the  title-page  extend  from  p.  219  to 
p.  263,  and  finish  the  volume.     They  do  not  afford  any  chronograms. 


BoS^MlSES 


io6 


COLLEGE  OF  GRAMMONT 


APPLAUSES  BY  MEMBERS  OF  THE  COLLEGE 
OF  GRAMMONT. 

A  curious  book,  and  probably  a  rare  one  both  in  England  and  on 
the  Continent,  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  contains 
a  great  number  of  short  devotional  poems  and  couplets,  all  in  Latin, 
each  having  for  its  theme  an  anagram  expressing  some  circumstance 
or  sentiment  connected  with  Christianity,  or  the  ceremonial  of  the 
Romish  Church.  The  second  part  of  the  work,  in  the  same  poetical 
form  as  the  first,  has  rather  a  biographical  character ;  the  anagrams 
and  verses  relate  to  persons  either  renowned  in  current  European 
history,  or  locally  eminent  The  anagrams  are  the  leading  feature  of 
the  work,  and  are  exceedingly  ingenious  ;  but  as  they  do  not  belong 
strictly  to  my  subject,  I  omit  them  except  where  the  words  of  which 
they  are  composed  are  interwoven  with  chronograms;  indeed  the 
chronograms,  which  are  scattered  through  the  book,  seem  to  have 
been  used  by  the  authors  as  occasional  ornaments.  The  work  was 
put  together  by  one,  though  written  by  fifty-one  members  ('  rhetores ') 
of  the  college  of  Saint  Adrian  at  Monte  Gerardi  (Grammont)  in 
Flanders,  and  was  published  in  165 1.    The  title-page  is  as  follows — 

Rhetorum 
Collegii  S.  Adriani 
oppidi    Gerardimontani    in    Flandria    Poesis   Anagrammatica    sub 
Quintino  Duretio  Insulensi  monasterii  ejusdem  S.  Adriani  ordinis  S. 
P.  Bencdicti  presbytero  reiigioso.    Antverpiae,  apud  Petrum  Bellerum 
mdcli.  Supenorum  permissu.     Pp.  389.     8°. 

Page  25.     A  poem  in  iambic  verse,  on  the  crucifixion  of  Jesus 
Christ,  concludes  with  this  chronogram — 

IesV  ChrIsto  DeI  VnIgenIto  saLVatorI  nostro  affeCtV 
Vero  aC  DeVoto  noVa  annI  IVbILarIs  strena  Conse- 
Crata.  = 

At  page  45  this  '  chronicon '  occurs — 
QViE  sVnt  eX  Verso  bone  IesV  noMIne  LaVDes,  I  __ 

sInt  grata  eXorans  nostra  thaLIa  petIt.  J 

At  page  76  commences  a  series  of  poems  with  special  titles,  all 
under  the  head  of  '  Rosarium  sanctae  Virginis  Matris.'  The  second 
poem  (each  distich  ending  with  the  word  'ave')  has  this  title, 
*  Preparation — 'Tot  chronicis  anni  Jubilsei  1650,  quot  distichis 
expressa.' 
VIrgo  parens  ChrIstI  parVo  sVCCVrre  CLIentI,  1 

CarMIne  qVI  eXILI  pangere  gestIt  aVe.  J 

faC  preCor  eXVrgat  parnassI  LYMpha  *  CabaLLI,  I  _ 

Conferat  Vt  VersVs  Verba  saLVtIs  aVe.  J  "" 


1650 
1649 


1650 
1650 


1  The  letter  Y  counts  as  II  =  2. 


f 


}= 


COLLEGE  OF  GRAMMONT. 

sCrIptVilbqVe  saCro  faC  effLVat  VnDa  CanaLI, 

Vt  bene  ConVenIens  Det  tIbI  serVVs  aVe. 
sIC  pIa  Verba  DeCent,  fceLIX  atqVe  InCLYta1  VIrgo, 

non  aLIter  pLaCeat  qVoD  tIbI  fertVr  aVe. 
Vtpote  sIDereIs  eXtas  VbI  CInCta  CoronIs, 

non  nIsI  VoCe  saCrA  sVsCIpIs  IstVD  aVe. 
qVoD  tVLIt  eX  CceLo  fceLICIs  nVntIVs  hor*:, 

VsqVe  CanIt  repetens  et  DoCet  aLes  aVe. 
angeLVs  Iste  tVI  PRiECo  est  eXCeLsVs  honorIs, 

est  eX  CorDe  Canens  qVoD  tIbI  Cantat  aVe. 
qVje  responsa  tVo  eXCepIt  bernarDVs  ab  ore, 

ferVIDVs  Ista  tIbI  pangere  gaVDet  aVe. 
atqVe  tVas  CceLI  se  CVrIa  CVrVat  aD  aras, 

eXVLtansqVe  pIo  peCtore  DICIt  aVe. 
sIC  rogo  CceLItIbVs  nostras  ConIVngIto  VoCes, 

eXhIbItI  Vt  pLaCeat  pIgnVs  aMorIs  aVe. 
The  next  160  pages  contain  no  chronograms.     At  page  238  a 
poem  addressed  to  Jacobus  Boonen,  Archbishop  of  Mechlin  and 
Primate  of  Belgium,  concludes  with — 

PRiEsVLIs  aDVentVM  pangIt  LVX  festI  IoannIs. 
At  page  242  the  poem  addressed  to  Francis  Vander-Burch,  Arch- 
bishop and  Duke  of  '  Cameracensium/  when  he  administered  the 
sacrament  of  confirmation  at  Grammont,  concludes  thus — 
nona  patet  IVnI  CeLebrans  ConVIVIa  ChrIstI,  ) 

Vt  franCIsCe  pater  LIMIna  nostra  sVbIs.  J  ~" 

At  page  244  the  poem  to  William  Wits,  President  of  the  Council 

of  Flanders,  concludes  thus — 

non  VarIa  eXhIbeo,  ne  sInt  onerosa  ferentI 

Metra;  soLent  sensIbVs  qVoDLIbet  esse  graVe. 
At  page  246  the  poem  to  Benedict  Haeften,  president  of  the 
monastery  at  Affligen,  concludes  thus — 
si  CceLeste  DeCVs  VaLeas  In  fIne  tenere,  ) 

CertIVs  et  TVrfe  tVnC  beneDICtVs  erIs.  j 

At  page  262  the  poem  to  Christian  Roelofs,  on  his  inauguration 
as  President  of  the  monastery  of  SS.  Cornelius  and  Cyprian,  near 
Ninove,  in  Belgium — 
Mens  hILarIs  potabIt  aqVas  De  fonte  saLVtIs, 

VIrtVte  abbatIs  qVI  referatVs  erIt. 
At  page  287  the  poem  to  Martin  Gouffart,  on  his  inauguration  as 
abbot  of  the  monastery  of  S.  Dionysius,  near  Mons  in  Hainault,  con- 
cludes thus —  .  ..    , 

Afiagramma  chrontco  expluatumy 

Martinus  Gouffart  Praelatus 
Ornatus  mitri  supra  affulget 
ornatVs  MItrA  noWs  Iste  affVLgeat  abbas, 
ferVIDVs  In  sVperos  pLVs  pIetate  nItet. 


107 


}- 

1650 

}- 

1650 

}- 

1650 

}- 

1650 

}- 

1650 

}- 

1650 

\- 

1650 

}- 


}- 


}= 


161 


=  163s 


1635 
1636 

1636 
1638 


1646 


1  The  letter  Y  counts  as  II  =  a. 


108  COLLEGE  OF  GRAMMONT. 

At  page  312  the  poem  to  Antonius  Lewaitte,  on  his  inauguration 
as  abbot  of  the  monastery l  of  Moulins,  concludes  thus — 
Anagramma  chronko  explication. 
Antonius  Lewaitte. 
Est  ut  inventa  oliva. 
eCCe  InVenta  DeI  frVCtVs  qVm  Donat  oLIVa,  )  6 

Vt  noWs  Iste  abbas  CLaVstra  saCrata  regIt.  j  l  * 

At  page  318  the  poem  to  Martin  le  Brun,  abbot  of  St  Adrian, 
contains  this  distich  towards  the  end — 

Vt  phcebI  eXorIens  LVX  VnICa  PRiEVALET  VMbrIs,  )  _       , 

sIC  VIrtVs  VItII  nVbILa  CVnCta  fVgat.  /  ~     It>35 

At  page  320  the  poem  to  Charles  Cuni,  director  of  the  reformed 
Benedictine  order  in  the  monastery  of  St  Adrian,  concludes  thus — 
HjeC  ego  pro  XenIo  trIbVo  VeneranDe  saCerDos,  )  =      6 

et  IanI  aVspICIIs  prospera  CVnCta  preCor.  J  37 

At  page  324  the  poem  to  John  Baptist  Daneels,  of  the  supreme 
Belgium  Council  at  Mechlin,  concludes  thus — 

ID  tIbI  Vt  eVenIat,  XenII  Mea  Vota  preCantVr,  )  6 

Vt  sVperIs  parIter  sInt  ea  grata  rogo.  J  "~        49 

At  page  335   this  anagram,  explained  by  the  chronogram,  is 
addressed  to  Antonius  Francis  de  Gruter,  a  consul  at  Grammont — 
Antonius  Franciscus  de  Gruter 

Anagram. 
Terris  decor,  tu  nunc  fias  agnus. 
agnVs  VtI  In  terrIs  DeCor,  et  sis  sVppLICo  DIVIs  ;      1  fi 

hmC  tIbI  pro  XenIo  ConsVLe  Vota  LVbens.  j  ""  $ 

And  this,  in  like  manner,  to  John  Damman,  a  person  of  import- 
ance—  * 

Joannes  Damman 

Anagram. 

Mane  doni  amans. 
qV*  trIbVIs  potIVs,  tV  DILIge  Dona  Ioannes,  )  _       . 

taLIbVs  eX  DonIs  Ipse  beatVs  erIs.  j  ""        $° 

At  page  336,  and  this  to  Livinus  de  Bruyne,  a  less  important 
person8 — 

Livinus  de  Bruyne. 

Anagram. 
En  uni  urbi  Delius. 
en  raDIans  VIrtVte  tVa  LIVIne  VIDerIs,  \  __      fi 

spargIs  et  In  nostra  DeLIVs  Vrbe  IVbar.  J  *"     l6S° 

1  Suppressed,  and  now  used  as  an  iron  foundry. 

2  In  the  margin  he  is  designated  as  '  Primus  Scab/  a  functionary  I  am  unable  to  identify, 
probably  a  magistrate. 

*  This  and  the  three  following  are  designated  in  the  margin  as  'Scab' :  probably  a 
magistrate  or  '  town-councillor.' 


COLLEGE  OF  GRAMMONT.  109 

And  this  to  John  Vanden  Houte,  another  less  important  person — 
Joannes  vanden  Houte. 

Anagram. 
Ann6  &  Deo  innovatus  ? 
opto  tIbI  eX  toto  grat*  renoVata  IVVentje  )  =      , 

Vt  reDeVnt  aqVIL*  teMpora  pLVra  senL  J  ~"     *   * 

And  this  to  Martin  van  Yperselle,  another  less  important  person — 
Martinus  van  Yperselle. 

Anagram. 
En  superna  meritus  lilia. 
Ipse  VIgens  VarIa  IVstVs  VIrtVte  VIDerIs  ;  )  =       , 

LILIa  pro  MerIto  nonne  sVperna  feres?  j  l  *° 

And  this  to  Giles  Bess,  another  less  important  person — 
Aegidius  Besius. 

Anagram. 
Assidu§  vigebis. 
jEgIDI  assIDVa  totVs  VIrtVte  VIgebIs,  )  _       6 

si  ChrIstI  VERfe  IVssa  tenere  stVDes.  J  5 

And  this  to  James  Dolislaegher,  another  less  important  person — 
Jacobus  Dolislaeger. 
Anagram. 
Sol  Deo  clarus,  ibi  age. 
soL  VeLVtI,  CLarVsqVe  Deo  trIbVente  CorVsCas,  )  _       6 

CLarIor  atqVe  sVper  sIDera  phcebVs  erIs.  J  ~"     l  *° 

And  this  to  John   Roelofs,   another  magistrate  designated  as 
yuaesor—  Joannes  Roelofs. 

Anagram. 
In  eo  flosne  rosa? 

FLOS  PVRiE  VlRTVs  ANlMiE  ROSA  NONNE  TENENDa  ?  )  =         + 

nIL  VIrtVte  tVa  sVaVIVs  esse  potest.  j  * 

And  this  to  David  Berens,  a  person  worthy  of  notice,  and  desig- 
nated Pensionarius  and  Graphiarius — 

David  Berens. 

Anagram. 
Ride  beandus. 
pLorantes  VIVant  qVIbVs  est  spes  parVa  saLVtIs,  )  , 

tV  rIDe  berens,  naMqVe  beatVs  erIs.  j  ""         * 

And  this  to  Philip  van  Cromphaut,  the  last  of  the  honoured 
persons  of  Grammont,  another  '  Graphiarius ' — 

Philippus  van  Crompaut. 
Anagram. 
Tu  pius  in  pulchra  pompl 
tV  pIVs  et  pVLChro  VI Vis,  regnasqVe  trIVMpho,  )  _       , 

CastrIs  angeLICIs  sIC  soCIatVs  erIs.  j  ~        5° 


no 


COLLEGE  OF  GRAMMONT. 


1638 
1644 


1638 


At  page  351,  the  poem  to  Hubert  Meurant,  a  religious  inmate  of 
the  monastery  of  St  Adrian,  concludes  thus— 

Si   RVBVS  -fiTHEREO  NON   VRERlS   IGNE  SaCerDoS,  )   = 

VIrgInea  MentIs  sVnt  pIa  sIgna  tV*.  / 

VIrgo  MarIa  fVIt  Ver£  Isto  CognIta  sIgno,  1  _ 

VNA  DeI  PARlTER  QViE  fVIt  atqVe  parens.  J 

Hubertus  Meurant 

Anagram. 
En  rubet  maturus. 
presbYter  InsIgnIs  Certe  est  MatVrVs  hVbertVs,  )  _ 

Ipse  estate  VIret,  seD  pIetate  rVbet.  j 

At  page  382,  the  poem  to  Adrian  Casier,  another  in  the  same 
position,  has  this  anagram  and  chronogram — 
Adrianus  Casier. 

Anagram. 
Acris  es  in  ardua. 
prosternenDo  tVos  sVb  IesV  fortIter  hostes,  )  _. 

VICtor  e6  VenIes,  paX  VbI  Vera  Manet.  j 

At  page  385,  the  poem  to  Gregory  Moulenbay,  another  religious 
inmate  of  the  monastery  of  St  Adrian,  thus  compliments  him — 
Gregorius  Moulenbay. 

Anagram. 

Ego  vir  moribus  Angeli. 
In  ChrIsto  LjetVs  IVCVnDos  ConCIpe  pLaVsVs  )  _       - 

est  IVbIL/eI  annVs  IjetItIaqVe  DIes.  j  ~     I05° 

This  curious  book  finishes  with  the  names  of  the  fifty-one  con- 
tributors and  composers  of  the  poetry  and  anagrams;  'Nomina  eorum 
qui  huic  Poesi  Anagrammaticae  allaboraverunt., 


1650 


THE   DUKE    CHARLES    ALEXANDER    CELEBRATES 
THE  COMMENCEMENT  OF  THE  LOUVAIN  CANAL. 

XHE  commencement  of  the  construction  of  a  canal  from  Louvain 
to  the  Scheld,  in  the  presence  of  the  Duke  Charles  Alex- 
r.  Governor  of  the  Netherlands,  was  celebrated  by  public 
rejoicings,  triumphal  arches  were  put  up  in  the  streets,  and  among 
other  decorations  the  town-hall  ('court-house')  was  handsomely 
adorned  and  bore  the  following  chronograms  and  many  other  appro- 
priate inscriptions ;  the  whole  is  described  in  a  rare  tract  of  twelve 
pages,  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  bearing  this  title, 
4  Inscriptiones  curiae  Lovaniensis ;  cum  serenissimus  princeps  Carolus 
Alexander  Lotharingias  et  Barri  Dux,  etc  etc,  supremus  Belgii  guber- 
nator,  inter  festivos  civium  applausus,  Lovanii  Primitias  operis  Novo 


f 


THE  LOUVAIN  CANAL.  m 

Canali  in  Scaldim,  arrepto  ligone,  daret  hac  9  Februarii  1750.'    On 
the  back  of  the  title-page  is  this  very  long  chronogram — 
k  CCC.  annIs  CUrIa  LoVanIensIs  strUI  CospIt;  CUrIa\ 
JUrk    sUo   JUbILat  ;    CUrIAqUe    JUbILante,    CaroLUs  I 
LotharIngUs,     beLgII    gUbernator    generaLIs     (Inter  >=     1750 
festIVos  appLaUsUs)   Iter   aperIt   noVo   CanaLI  ;   CUI  j 
gratULatUr  senatUs  popULUsqUe  LoVanIensIs.  J 

ie.  At  300  years  after  the  court-house  of  Louvain  began  to  be  built? 
the  Court  rejoices  in  its  own  right;  and  at  the  rejoicings  of  the  Courts 
Charles  [Duke]  of  Lorraine >  Governor-General  of  the  Netherlands 
(amongst  festive  applauses),  opened  the  way  by  a  new  canal;  him  the 
Senate  and  people  of  Louvain  congratulate. 

As  if  in  contrast  with  the  foregoing  chronogram,  containing  72 
numeral  letters,  the  same  date,  1750,  is  made,  in  that  which  follows, 
by  the  smallest  possible  number  of  such  letters.  On  page  4  a  picture 
is  described,  representing  a  hand  holding  the  diploma  of  the  under- 
taking, bearing  the  chronogram  motto — 

hoC  tanDeM  pLaCet.  =     1750 

i.e.  This  undertaking  at  length  gives  satisfaction. 

The  accompanying  narrative  mentions  that  on  the  preceding  25th 
of  January  the  city  was  freed  from  the  French  yoke,  and  on  the  23d 
of  the  next  January  (i.e.  1750),  the  Prince  conceded  the  canal,  and 
gave  the  diploma ;  both  events  are  indicated  by  the  following  chrono- 
grams, with  marginal  notes — 

Note  to  the  first  line. — Hac  die  concessit  dux  Carolus  canalem. 

Note  to  the  second  line. — Inde  laeti  commissarii  redierunt 
Lovanium,  25. 

XXV.  JanUarII  annI  praterItI  gaLLICUs  hostIs  abIIt\ 
LoVanIo:  ( 

XXIIL    JanUarII    annI    pr/esentIs,    Urbs    LoVanIensIs  [  1'*° 

reCIpIebat  A  prInCIpe  CanaLeM.  ) 

i.e.  On  2$th  January  of  the  past  year  the  French  enemy  retired  from 
Louvain  :  on  2$d  January  of  the  present  year  the  city  of  Louvain 
received  the  canal  from  the  prince. 

Passing  over  several  ordinary  inscriptions,  we  reach,  at  page  6, 
the  mention  of  a  representation  of  Duke  Charles's  chariot,  with  this 
inscription,  which  tells  us  that  the  mounds  and  ditches,  recently  con- 
structed for  warlike  purposes,  are  now  useful  for  the  new  undertaking — 

'eCCe  LaboranDo  remanent.  =     1750 

Aggeribus  nuper  Martis,  vallisque  fu€runt, 

Nunc  Grudiis  apta,  tempore  pacis,  erunt : 
eCCe  LaboranDo  remanent;  has  cespite  plenas         =     1750 

Ducite  carrucas ;  nee  gravet  iste  labor. 
Aspirat  vestro  Dux  Carolus  ipse  labori, 
Datque  dabitque  animos,  qui  patefecit  iter/ 

1  The  building  of  the  beautiful  H6tel  de  Ville  at  Louvain  was  commenced  in  the  year 
1450- 


112 


THE  LOUVAIN  CANAL. 


1- 


And  at  page  11,  a  ship  described  as  sailing  in  a  south  wind, 
*  Austro  flante/  with  the  motto  '  Spirantibus  Austris'  (a  play  on  the 
word  Austria),  is  associated  with  this  long  figurative  chronogram  in 
hexameter  and  pentameter  verse — 
aUstrIaC*  VoLUCres  pansIs  Dant  Carbasa  pennIs, 

aUstrIa  fLat;  naVI  VentUs  et  ILLe  fa  Vet. 
anChora  sIt  CaroLUs,  qUI  CIYes  proteoIt  Istos. 

feLIX,  I  feLIX,  CUrre  reCUrre  ratIs  I 
i.e.  The  Austrian  birds  (eagles)  provide  fine  Spanish  linen  sails  by  their 
extended  wings,  '  Austria'  (the  wind  from  the  south)  blows,  and  that 
wind  is  favourable  to  the  ship.     May  Charles  be  the  anchor  which  pro- 
tects these  citizens.     Go,  happy,  fortunate  ship,  make  speed  and  return. 
Under  a  shield  of  the  armorial  device  of  Louvain— 

eCCe  MoDo  fLorebo.  = 

fLorenDo  CresCaM.  = 

The  tract  concludes  on  page  12.    *Ci vitas  Lovaniensis  cernua 
dextera*  manu  Cor  inflammatum  gerit,  cum  hoc  Lemmate 

CaroLo  Do  Cor  aMans; 
alteri  chartam,  cum  hac  inscriptione, 

haC  poeMata  Do  CaroLo. 
Inferiiis  legitur  hoc  chronicon, 

ujbC  Data  poeMata  pLaCeant.' 
Then  follow  some  verses  complimentary  to  the  Duke  Charles. 


i7So 


i75° 
i7So 


=  1750 
=  I7SO 


-  175° 


MR.  BEX  IS  EULOGIZED  ALPHABETICALLY. 

THE  note-book  of  a  friend  supplies  the  following,  which  was 
transcribed  at  the  Royal  Library  of  Brussels.  It  is  an  alpha- 
betical eulogy  on  Henry  Bex,  a  magistrate  ('consul')  at  one  of  the 
towns  in  Flanders,  from  which  we  learn  that  he  was  born  in  1594,  and 
died  on  13th  March  1663.  Each  line  begins  with  the  letters  of  the 
alphabet  in  proper  succession.  The  title  is  as  follows, — '  Elegia  in 
funere  Domini  D.  Henrici  Bex  consulis  tunc  regentis  omnium  luctu 
civium  vita  fundi.' 

A  poem  of  about  40  lines,  hexameter  and  pentameter,  is 
followed  by  a  chronicle,  with  the  initial  letters  of  each  line  following 
in  alphabetical  order,  thus— 

Chronica  per  Alphabctum. 
a  Deo  fVIt  Mors  ConsVLIs  Ista  = 

beXII  MoDICfe  fLete.  = 

CanIte  Vos  gLorIaM  VnI  Deo.  =s 

DeLICIVM  VrbIs  = 

eXpIrat  DeCIMo  tertIo  soLe  = 

fLVentIs  MartI  DenasCItVr.  = 


1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 


MR.  BEX  IS  EULOGIZED. 


"S 


genItVs  fVerat  fILIVs  sVb  InVerso  MVnDo  beX  1 

hI  aC  k  MeDIo  LeX  abstrahIt 

Is  paCeM  DILeXIt 

LatVs  obDorMIVIt  In  paCe 

Mors  IVstI  Deo  pLaCVIt 

nosCItIs  "DeI  VoLVntateM. 

obIVIt  a  seCVnDa  Morte  LIber. 

prjBSentIaM  DeI  ob  oCVLos  habVIt. 

qVanta  LaVDIs  faMA  sCItIs. 

reXerIt,  neC  fIDeM  LjESErIt. 

seMper  CogItaVerat  trIbVnaL  DeI. 

tVI  LaborIs  MerCes,  DeVs  erIt. 

VItA  nVnC  MeLIore  DonabIt. 

XenIa  DabIt  aC  gLorIaM 

zeLo  DkI  VNlCk  MerItVs. 


In  the  Royal  library  at  Brussels,  there  is,  as  I  learn  from  the  note- 
book of  my  friend  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  a  book  containing  more 
than  a  hundred  chronograms.  The  title  is,  ( Generate  berzaemeling 
van  alle  de  jaerschrifter,  verzen  te  Waer  mede  de  stad  Gend  heeft 
vercferd  geweest  op  den  25  August  1793  ter  onthaelinge  van  den  zeer 
geleerden  Har  Joannes  Baptista  Hellebaut ' — '  Prys.  vier  stuyvers.'  A 
general  collection  of  all  the  chronograms,  verses,  etc.,  with  which 
the  town  of  Ghent  was  adorned,  on  25th  August  1793,  on  the  recep- 
tion of  the  very  learned  Mr.  John  Baptist  Hellebaut. 


&H^\&jlJ*m* 


1594 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VALENCIENNES. 

A  rare  tract  (pp.  12),  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  con- 
tains a  gratulation  addressed  to  John  of  Austria,  Governor  of 
the  Netherlands,  by  the  Jesuits  at  Brussels,  on  his  victory  over  the 
French  at  Valenciennes,  and  the  capture  of  the  town.  The  title-page 
is,  'Serenissimo  principi  Joanni  Austriaco  Valencenarum  vindici  inter 
ignes  triumphales  publicos  laetitiae  et  obsequii  testes  cum  veneratione 
applaudit  collegium  Soc.  Jesu  Bruxellis  23  Julii  mdclvi.'  The  'fire- 
works '  thus  alluded  to  are  not  particularly  mentioned.  The  poetry 
describes  in  figurative  language  the  triumph  of  the  Austrian  'star 
and  sun,'  and  an  engraving  represents  a  night  attack  on  the  town 
under  the  auspices  of  the  '  Miraculous  Hosts '  which  were  brought 
there  from  Brussels.3  The  Latin  poem  contains  no  chronogram ;  but 
at  the  conclusion  thereof,  on  page  n,  are  the  following : — 


1  Chrtmicon  nata/is,  the  year  of  his  birth. 

9  See  my  book  on  Chronograms,  p.  263,  and  at  page  1 1 6,  note,  of  present  volume, 
'The  Sacrament  Robbery  and  Miracle.' 

P 


ii4  THE  SIEGE  OF  VALENCIENNES. 

Chronica. 

I  VaLenCenas  DoMa.  =     1656 
Sic  nempe 

VALENCENiK   RlDENT   HOSTeM.  =       1656 

Sed  rei  gloriosfe  gestae, 

aVstrIaCo  paLMas  Date.  =     1656 
Et  io  dicite, 

prInCeps  hosteM  pVgnA  DeLet;  =     1656 
Certo  scilicet  venerabilis,  et  Deiparae  favore, 
Haec  enim  auspicata  Austriacis  sidera : 

kxJC  sIDera  LeoneM1  foVent.  =     1656 

hjeC  hIspano  soLa  seMper  aDsVnt.  =     1656 

HiEC  Dant  soLa  trIVMphos.  =     1656 
Quia  verb  sacra  venerabili  prodigioso  nox  felix  Austriacis  pugnae 
auspicium  dedit,  quidnt  illi  merito  accinatur? 

VenerabILe  noCte  Dat  arMa.  =     1656 

hoC  seMper  aDest  aqVILhE.2  =     1656 

sVo  hoC  sponDet  Magna  LeonI.  =     1656 

Magna  sVb  hoC  tentanDa  LeonI.2  =     1656 
Neque  excidat  hanc  victoriam  festis  ignibus  celebrari  23  Julii  cun 
jam  sol  signum  leonis  in  zodiaco  percurrit,  quare  leoni  hispano 
alludens  cum  plausu  exclama, 

Vt  raDIas  hoC  Mense  Leo!  =     1656 
Sua  quoque  Deiparae  pars  triumphi  detur. 

DeIpara  VaLenCenas  aMat.  =     1656 

seMper  VaLenCenIs  aDest.  =     1656 

aVstrIaCo  soLa  seMper  aDest.  =     1656 

HiEC  soLa  sVo  aDest  aMantI.  =     1656 

soLa  seMper  aDest  rebVs  arCtIs.  =     1656 
Quare  pro  tanto  beneficio  utriusque  sideris  internum  memor 

hVnC  soLeM  hIspane  aDora.  =     1656 

hanC  LVnaM  hIspane  aDora.  =     1656 
Ad  majorem  Deigloriant. 


THE  SACRAMENT  ROBBERY  AT  BRUSSELS 

*TpHE  reader  will  find,  at  page  263  of  my  book  on  Chronograms^  a 
J^  notice  of  the  *  Sacrament  Robbery  and  Miracle/  and  a  large 
number  of  chronograms  thereon.  I  have  now  to  add  the  result  of 
some  further  researches  into  the  subject.  The  several  books  and 
editions  of  works  to  which  I  have  had  access,  including  condensed 
narratives,  are  very  puzzling.    They  are  in  both  the  Dutch  and  French 

1  The  Lion  in  the  armorial  shield  of  Spain  and  Austria. 
*  The  Eagle  of  Austria  and  the  lion  of  Spain. 


! 


THE  SACRAMENT  ROBBER  K  115 

languages,  and  of  various  dates.  Some  are  probably  reprints,  with 
new  or  later  title-pages,  of  that  which  no  doubt  is  the  most  important 
one  by  Cafmeyer.  The  copy  which  I  used,  belonging  to  the  Rev.  W. 
Begley,  has  on  the  title-page  an  error  in  the  author's  name,  where  it  is 
distinctly  printed  c  Oafmeyer,'  a  small  but  a  very  misleading  misprint. 
The  Dutch,  and  apparently  the  same  edition  in  the  library  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London,  has  the  name  correctly  and  dis- 
tinctly printed.  I  can  only  offer  as  an  explanation  that  in  the  pro- 
gress of  printing  the  letter  C  had  dropped  out,  or  in  some  way  failed 
to  make  its  mark  in  print  in  many  of  the  title-pages,  and  that  the 
vacancy  had  been  filled  up  by  hand,  stamping  in  the  letter  O  instead 
of  C.  It  will  easily  be  understood  that  the  circumstance,  however  it 
may  have  occurred,  would  mislead  any  one  searching  a  library  cata- 
logue. My  French  edition  of  1720,  printed  at  Brussels,  'premiere 
edition'  (the  volume  also  contains  the  second  part,  dated  1735),  §Pves 
the  author's  name  correctly ;  and  so  likewise  does  the  British  Museum 
copy,  which  differs  in  some  respects  from  the  other  editions. 

A  folio  volume  in  the  British  Museum,  press-mark  9917.  k.,  com- 
prises three  separate  works  on  this  subject — 1st,  a  description  in  the 
Dutch  language,  of  the  jubilee  held  in  1670  ;  2d,  the  jubilee  festival 
held  in  1720,  also  in  the  Dutch  language,  by  Cafmeyer ;  3d,  the  festival 
held  in  1735.  The  chronograms  in  the  two  last  will  be  found  in  my 
former  book  ;  I  proceed  to  notice  the  1st,  the  jubilee  of  1670,  and  all 
the  chronograms  therein.  w^^mm 

The  title-page  begins,  '  Brusselsche  Eer-triumphen,'  etc.,  anavs^ 
without  author's  name  or  date.     The  introduction  is  dated  31st  July 
1670,  and  signed  Jaecques  Stroobant.     The  engravings  of  the  tri- 
umphal arches  are  by  G.  Bouttats,  and  differ  from  those  of  the  1720 
and  1735  festivals.     The  last  page  is  128.     The  chronograms  are  at 

Page  81.    IVraMVs  CaroLo,  gaVDete.  =     1666 

Meaning  Charles  //.,  Ring  of Spain,  as  Duke  of  Burgundy,     He  came 
to  the  throne  in  1665. 
VVY  Doen  kareL  eeDt,  zYt  aL  bLYDe.  =     1666 

(The  letter  y  counts  as  11=2.) 

Page  83.     LaVrVM  DVCI.  =     1666 

Draeght  Den  hertogh  De  LaVWerIer  Croon.  =     1666 

Page  99.    On  an  arch,  ChrIsto  JesV,  In  trInIs  hostIIs"\ 
VERfe    proDIgIosIs,    a   JVDiEls    IrrIso    et    sVbsannato,  I 
gLorIosIVs   In    tertIo    SiECVLo    JVbILantI    hoC    repa->  =     1670 
ratIonIs     honorIs     opVs     zeLosI      Canter-steenenses  i 

POSVfeRE.  J 

ie.  To  Jesus  Christy  who  in  the  three  truly  miraculous  Hosts  was 
mocked  by  the  Jews  with  derision  and  insult,  the  more  gloriously  in  this 
the  third  jubilant  centenary  of  the  reparation  of  his  honour  have  the 
zealous  people  of  Canters  teen  raised  this  structure. 

Page  101.  Ionathas  IVDjeVs  In  horto  et  A  MaLIgnIs 
neCatVr.  =     1670 

i.e.  Jonathas  the  Jew  is  killed  in  his  garden  by  malignant  persons. 


1 16  THE  SA  CRAMENT  ROBBER  Y. 

Page  103.    A  triumphal  arch  bore  these  inscriptions — 
hostIjG  k  barbarIs  IVD^Is  In  Vrbe  MaL&  traCtantVr.      =     1670 
i.e.  The  hosts  are  maltreated  by  the  barbarous  {or  foreign)  Jews  in  the 
city. 

VICtIMa  abeL  proVt  In  hostIIs  DatVr.  =     1670 

i.e.  A  victim  like  unto  Abel  is  given  in  the  hosts. 

IVDjEorVM  barbarIes  In  CaIn  fLVIt.  =     1670 

i.e.  The  savageness  of  the  Jews  flows  as  in  Cain. 

tV  er  DeVs  qVI  faCIs  MIrabILIa.1  =     1670 

i.e.  Thou  art  the  God  who  doest  hfonderful  things. 

Page  1 09.  A  triumphal  arch  bore  these  among  other  inscriptions — 
trIVMphant  De  trIbVs  seCVLIs  trIsm  hostIjE  =     1670 

IVDaIs  MaLItIA  sVA  ConfVsIs.  =     1670 

i.e.  The  three  hosts  triumph  for  three  centuries. — The  Jews  being  con- 
founded through  their  own  wickedness. 

IVLH  bIs  DeCIMa  stVpante  natVra.  (sic.)  =     1670 

hostIarVM  fIgVrje  In  reaLI  speCIe  DVrantes.  =     1670 

Page  113.  Another  arch,  bearing  pictures  of  the  burning  of  the 
accused  Jews,  bore  also  these  chronograms,  with  many  other  inscrip- 
tions, the  dates  of  the  several  centenary  festivals — 

eVCharIstIaM  VLCIsCItVr  Igne.  ==     1370 

i.e.  (The  Duke  Winceslaus  of  Brabant)  avenges  the  Eucharist  with  fire. 
neC  aMICos  CognosCIt  IVstItIjb  LeX.  =     1470 

The  circumstance  alluded  to  is  thus  explained,  ( Carolo  audace, 
Burgundiae  Brabantiaeque  duce,  stupratae  mulieris  a.  pnefecto  Zelandiae, 
quamvis  sibi  amicissimo,  fortissimo  judice,  quod  perfidiam  in  cineres 
fortitudo  redegerit,  primoseculo  jubilante.1 

Page  115.     DILeXIt  IVstItIaM.  =     1570 

This    explanation     follows,    ( Philippo     secundo     Hispaniarum 
Indiarumque  rege,  Brabantiae  duce,  impiorum  et  hsereticorura  con- 
stantissimo,    qua    patet,    orbis    exstirpatore,   ob   confusam   cruento 
patientis,  constantiae  miraculo  impietatem,  secundo  seculo  jubilante.' 
et  est  IVstItIa  fVLCIMen  seDIs  tVm.  =     1670 

This  explanation  follows,  *  Carolo  secundo  Hispaniarum 
Indiarumque  rege,  Brabantiae  duce,  integerrimfe  avitae  justitiae  filio, 
quod  longaevum  in  pane  corruptibili  miraculum,  ineunte  quarto  seculo, 
conservet,  tertio  jubilante.'  And  lower  down  the  page  is,  '  Flamma 
combussit  peccatores.'    Psalm  cv.  18  (Vulgate  version). 

Page  121.     These  inscriptions  are  mentioned — 
MIraCVLosVs  trInIs  hostIIs  DeVs.  =     1670 

ie.  God  miraculous  in  the  thru  hosts. 

1  The  success  of  the  siege  of  Valenciennes  (see  page  113,  ante)  by  Don  John  of  Austria, 
Governor  of  the  Netherlands,  in  the  name  of  Philip  IV.,  is  attributed  to  the  three  Hosts  of 
this  miracle  being  carried  there  on  15th  June  1650,  when  a  great  victory  was  gained  over 
the  French  army.  The  circumstance  is  mentioned  in  the  French  edition,  page  32.  See 
also  Chronograms,  page  100,  where  a  commemorative  medal  is  quoted,  bearing  the  date 
1657,  probably  a  mistake  for  1656,  by  the  maker  of  it,  or  by  the  engraver  of  a  representa- 
tion of  it.    Refer  to  index,  'John  of  Austria.' 


X 


THE  SA  CRAMENT  ROBBER  Y.  117 

IVbILans  DonaVIt  et  DeDICaVIt  s.  p.  q.  b.  =     167*0 

ue.  The  Senate  and  people  of  Brussels  gave  and  dedicated  this  [statue 
of  Saint  Michaely  the  titular  saint  of  Brussels'], 

There  are  ten  engravings  in  this  portion  of  the  volume.  There 
should  be  twelve,  including  a  frontispiece,  as  I  find  from  the  inspec- 
tion of  a  copy,  as  a  separate  volume,  No.  2283  in  the  catalogue  of 
the  'Beckford'  library  sale,  July  1883,  at  Sotheby's. 

The  remainder  of  the  British  Museum  volume  now  under  notice 
has  been  described  in  my  former  book  on  Chronograms, 

The  circumstances  and  narratives  are  alluded  to  in  Notes  and 
QuerieSy  series  2,  vol.  v.,  pp.  294,  406,  457,  and  508,  indexed  under 
*  Host'  There  is  no  further  mention  of  them  in  the  succeeding 
volumes  down  to  the  end  of  1881 ;  nor  any  mention  of  the  chrono- 
grams, which  appear  to  have  been  overlooked  by  the  contributor  of 
the  *  Notes.'  Among  the  explanations  it  is  stated  that,  after  the  circum- 
stances of  the  robbery,  etc.,  the  Hosts  were  deposited  in  the  chapel 
of  St.  Gudule,  where  they  remained  in  oblivion  until  1405.  One  of  the 
engravings  represents  a  devout  young  man  praying,  and  a  ray  of  light 
shining  towards  him.  This  led  to  the  re-discovery  of  the  Hosts,  and 
they  were  thenceforth  preserved  in  ostentatious  notoriety.  There  seems 
to  have  been  a  repetition  of  the  robbery  at  several  places,  with  much  the 
same  results  according  to  local  legends.  The  engraving  alluded  to  is  in 
the  Dutch  and  French  editions,  and  is  attached  to  chapter  xv.  of  the 
latter. 


LESSUS  GALLICUS. 

Apolitical  brochure  (British  Museum,  press-mark  161.  b.  64. 
catalogued  under  '  Austriacus'),  8°,  relating  to  the  retreat  of 
the  French  from  their  possession  of  the  Netherlands,  probably  one  of 
the  results  of  the  treaty  of  peace  signed  at  Aix-la-Chapelle  between  all 
the  leading  powers  of  Europe  in  1748.  The  full  title-page  is  given 
below ;  it  may  be  thus  translated — 

A  French  wailing  for  the  departure' of  the  French  from  the  Nether- 
lands, re-echoed  by  a  Frenchman  at  the  Belgians.     And  a  paraphrastic 
dismemberment  (?)  of  the  same  for  the  departure  of  the  French  from  the 
Netherlands,  made  straight  at  the  French  by  a  Belgian.     To  which  are 
added  a  Belgian  jubilation  and  other  verses.     Published  probably  at 
Brussels  in  1748  (?).     The  Latin  title  is  as  follows — 
Lessus  Gallicus 
in  Gallorum  e  Belgio  discessu 
per  Galium  ad  Belgas  ingeminatus. 
Ejusdemque  in 
Gallorum  e  Belgio  discessu 
Paraphrastica  dimembratio  (sic)  per  Belgam  ad  Gallos 
directata ;  quibus  accedunt 
Jubilatio  Belgica,  aliaque  metrica. 


}■ 


118  ZESSUS  GALLICUS 

The  contents  are  about  seventy  sets  of  Latin  verses,  or  epigram- 
matic poems,  full  of  allusions  to  the  events  of  the  war  and  politics, 
which  are  obscure  to  the  modern  reader.  A  few  chronograms  are 
associated  with  the  verses.  At  page  25  is  the  following  chrono- 
iambicum — 

aUferte  gaLLos  per fI  Dos 

sIC  beLgICIs  De  fInIbUs;  v  g 

Ut  paCe  prjEsIt  beLgICIs  '  74 

regIna  VICtrIX  gentIbVs. 
And  at  the  conclusion  of  some  verses,  c  Ad  Comitem  Saxoniae,'  is 
this  chronicon,  in  which  almost  every  letter  is  a  numeral — 

erUpIt  DUX,  CIVIUM  CrUX.  =     1748 

At  page  27,  at  the  end  of  the  verses  •  Jubilatio  Belgica  ex  allata 
pace,  Gallorumque  discessu  ' — 

Chronodistichon. 
6  paX  beLLa  fUga,  satUros  aC  sangUIne  gaLLos  )  =  g 

ULtra  saUroMatas  peLLe,  sCYthasqUe  proCUL.  J  74 

At  page  30,  at  the  end  of  the  verses  'Germanise  plorantis  ad 
Imperii  Romani  principes  elegus  e  exhortatorius ' — 

Chronodistichon. 
aUstrIaCos  serVate  Lares,  proCeresqUe  DUCesqUe,        )  _  g 

aUstrIa  tUnC  Vestros  noCte  DIeqUe  CoLent.  j  *74 

At  page  32,  at  the  end  of  the  verses  *  Domus  Austriacae  firmitas 
ad  augustissimam  imperatricem  Hungarian  reginam,  Austrise  archi- 
ducem,'  eta  etc. — 

Chronodistichon. 
VIVe  DIU  /UstrIaGe  spes  aUgUstIssIMa  gentIs,  1  g 

JUgIter  et  beLgas,  pLena  faVore  rege.  J  *74 

And  on  the  same  page,  at  the  end  of  the  verses  '  Augustissimo 
Josepho  imperatricis  primogenito,  Belgarum  vota ' — 

Chronodistichon. 
feLIX  parVe  pUer  !   DabIt  InVIDa  gaLLICa  JUno  )  ft 

LaC  tIbI:  sIC  beLgIs  et  VIa  LaCtIs  erIt.  /  -     I?4* 

The  epilogue  verses  conclude  thus — 

VIVAT  AUSTRIA. 


PHILIP  THE  HANDSOME. 

PHILIP  I.,  King  of  Spain,  called  the  Handsome,  was  the  son  of 
the  Emperor  Maximilian  1.  and  Mary  Duchess  of  Burgundy. 
In  my  book  Chronograms,  published  in  1882,  at  page  123,  a  faulty 
chronogram,  intended  to  mark  the  year  of  his  birth,  1478,  is  given. 
I  am  now  enabled  to  give  the  right  version  of  it,  and  so  to  correct  an 


PHILIP  THE  HANDSOME.  119 

error  that  has  caused  some  trouble  to  other  writers.    The  faulty  one 
runs  thus  (in  plain  letters) — 

*  Omnibus  acceptus  regnat  bonus  ecce  Philippus.' 
When  this  is  read  with  reference  to  an  infant  child,  the  epithet '  good' 
might  be  questionable,  he  might  not  eventually  deserve  it,  and  he 
had  not  as  yet  begun  his  reign  ;  the  right  version  is  as  follows — 
oMnIbVs  aCCeptVs  regnet  noWs  eCCe  phILIppVs.  =     1478 

i.e.  Lo  /  accepted  by  all,  may  this  new  Philip  reign. 

The  epithet  'new,'  instead  of  'good/  is  applicable  to  the  newly- 
born  prince,  and  the  aspiration  that  he  may  reign  accepted  by  all  the 
dominions  and  dependencies  of  his  father  and  mother,  both  the 
German,  the  Spanish,  and  the  Burgundian — (Austria,  Spain,  and 
Flanders) — is  entirely  applicable  to  the  discordant  circumstances 
which  prevailed  at  the  time. 


HOLLAND. 

WILLIAM  CHARLES  HENRY  FRISO,  Prince  of  Orange, 
was  elected  the  first  Hereditary  Stadtholder  of  Holland  on 
3d  May  1747  \  tn€  following  'prodigious  anagram'1  and  chronogram 
were  composed  on  the  occasion  by  Haarburg.     (Zedler,  lvi.  1479) — 

Vivat 

Gulielmus  Carolus  Henricus  Friso 

Praecelsus  Arausiensis 

atque  ex  antiquo  illustrium  Belgii  Comitum 

vel  postea  Principum  Nassawio 

Dietunsium  stemmate 

Princeps ! 

Per  prodigiosum  hoc purutn  Anagramma  ; 

A  septem  unitis  Belgii  provinciis, 

Communi  omnium  cum  applausu 

electus  juratusque  est 

Vicarius  Capitaneus  Generalis,  Admiralis, 

hostes  consilio  fortique  manu 

rursus  expellet. 
*  *         * 

Chronodistichon  in  diem  electiones. 
tertIa  LVX  MaII  CrVCIs  appeLLata  repertte  est  )  _ 

a  CrVCe  qVI  bataVos  LIberet,  haC  orItVr.  J  """     I747 

1  This  anagram  is  imperfect  as  to  the  number  of  letters  ;  the  first  part  contains  145,  the 
second  149.  Many  anagrams  more  'prodigious'  than  this  have  been  made,  and  some 
truly  marvellotts  both  for  length  and  for  being  at  the  same  time  chronograms. 


i2o  HOLLAND. 

The  anagram  may  be  thus  translated ;  it  shows  how  the  words 
may  be  decomposed  and  rebuilt,  so  as  to  apply  equally  well  to  the 
prince  and  to  his  high  position  in  the  seven  united  provinces.  The 
chronogram  alludes  to  the  day  as  known  in  the  Roman  Church 
Calendar. 

Long  live  William  Charles  Henry  Friso,  the  most  eminent  Prince  of 
Orange,  and  of  the  ancient  race  of  the  illustrious  Counts  of  Flanders, 
who  were  afterwards  Princes  of  Nassau  / 

By  the  seven  united  provinces  of  Holland  he  is,  by  the  common 
applause  of  all,  elected  and  stvorn  Vice- Commander-in-Chief  and 
Admiral.  May  he  again  defeat  our  enemies  by  his  wisdom  and  his 
strong  hand. 

On  this  third  day  of  May,  called  the  '  Finding  of  the  Cross,9  he 
arises  who  shall  give  freedom  to  the  Hollanders,  through  the  Cross. 

On  the  17th  March  1734  he  married  the  Princess-Royal  of  Eng- 
land, Anne,  the  daughter  of  George  il  A  medal  was  struck  at 
Amsterdam  bearing  this  inscription  to  mark  the  date — 

eVge  eVge 
WILheLMVs    CaroLVs    henrICVs    frIso    aVrIaCVs    anna 
brItannICa    sponsVs    atqVe    sponsa    ConnVbIo     IVngItVr 
fortVnato.  =     1734 

A  medal  struck  at  Amsterdam  to  commemorate  the  birth  of  their 
son  has  this  inscription — 
prInCeps  paCIs  erIt,  neo  natI  est  anna  brItanna, 

Cara  parens,  regIs  fILIa,  paCIs  aMans.  %  g 

qVos  patrIa  optastI  neo  nato  prInCIpe  frVCtVs?  '  ""     *'4 

paX  erIt,  et  reqVIes,  L*tItIa  est  et  erIt. 


Two  different  medals  of  Dutch  origin  represent  a  ship,  and  on  the 
reverses  these  inscriptions.  (I  take  them  from  a  ms.  copy  ;  and  see 
Chronograms,  p.  104) — 

DoMIne  saLVa  serVos  tVos  qVI  InVoCant  te.  =     1678 

goDt  VVIL  DIt  sC  hIp  beWaren  Van  Der  noot.  =     1678 


In  a  small  8°  volume, '  Lebens  Beschreibung  und  gescheiten  der 
Printzen  von  Oranien,'  etc.  Frankfurt,  1692.  At  page  79  I  find  this 
distich  on  the  assassination  of  William  the  Silent.  (The  letter  d  is 
not  counted) — 

aVrIaCVs  prInCeps  hIspanI  fraVde  tyrannI  1  _       Afl 

oCCVMbIt,  VInCI  non  aLIter  poterat.  J  ~     I0*4 

i.e.  The  Prince  of  Orange  falls  by  Spanish  deceit,  he  could  not  otherwise 
be  conquered. 


VARIOUS  CHRONICLES. 


NOW  present  to  the  reader  some  extracts  from  certain 
historical  '  chronicles,'  which  are  curious  both  for  the 
chronograms  therein  and  for  the  remarks  of  the  authors 
thereof,  tersely  expressed  in  the  Latin  language.  A 
perusal  of  the  books  themselves  is,  however,  needful,  in 
order  to  arrive  at  a  due  appreciation  of  those  remarks  ;  I  give  a  few 
verbatim  examples  in  what  follows.  The  books  are,  I  believe,  rare, 
and  it  is  certain  that  they  are  very  little  known. 


-►-•♦•--«- 


THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE. 

A  book  printed  at  Arras  in  1614  may  be  conveniently  mentioned 
J~\  here  as  the  Belgian  Chronicle  of  Ferry  de  Locre ;  a  copy  is  in 
the  British  Museum  (press-mark  591.  e.  8.).  40.  The  title  is  c  Ferreoli 
Locrii  Paulinatis  chronicon  Belgicum,  ab  anno  cclviii.  ad  annum 
usque  mdc.  continuo  productum  Tomi  tres. — Atrebati,  mdcxvi.'  The 
book  commences,  according  to  a  prevailing  custom,  with  compli- 
mentary verses  addressed  to  the  author  by  his  friends,  containing 
some  anagrams,  and  at  the  conclusion  of  one  set  of  verses  bemoaning 
his  death  is  this  chronogram — 
LoCrIVs  oCCIdIt  (heI  !)  boCtm  LVgete  CAM<ENiE. 

(Signed)        Gulielmus  Riverius.    G.  T.  F. 
t\e.  Locrius  alas  falls,  mourn  ye  learned  Muses. 

The  author  was  a  priest  at  Arras,  in  the  province  of  Artois,  the 
son  of  Philip  Locre,  as  we  are  thus  told,  •  Philippus  Locrius,  auctoris 
parens.'  In  his  time,  the  territory  and  places  mentioned  in  the 
chronicle  were  mostly  under  the  dominion  of  the  Dukes  of  Burgundy, 
and  known  as  Flanders,  or  by  the  more  ancient  name  of  Belgium ; 
the  history  runs  in  the  same  direction,  though  the  territory  is  now 
divided  between  France  as  at  present  constituted  and  the  modern 
kingdom  of  Belgium. 

Q 


s=       1614 


J 


122  THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE. 

Chronograms  are  scattered  throughout  the  book,  and  are  nearly 
all  of  the  author's  own  composition 1  (and  when  otherwise  he  says  so). 
Several  at  the  end  of  the  book  have  already  appeared  in  my  former 
work  on  this  subject,  and  are  not  repeated  here.  Observe  that, 
according  to  Flemish  custom,  the  letter  d  =  500  is  not  counted.  There 
is  only  one  exception.  The  following  extracts  comprise  only  the 
events  which  are  marked  by  chronograms. 

In  the  year  11 89  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  Philip  Augustus,  King  of 
France,  died,  after  giving  birth  to  twins.  The  author  composed  some 
verses,  concluding  with  this  'chronicon ' — 

si  Ita  tIbI  fVtVrVM  erat,  qVId  neCesse  fVIt  )  g 

tIbI  thorVs,  eLIzabetha?  /  9 

In  the  year  1206,  Archbishop  Guido  of  Rheims  died  at  Ghent, 
'Guido  archiepiscopus  Remorum  Gandavi  moritur,  cui  ad  Sancti 
Bavonis  adjectum  est  hoc  elogium.'    (Evidently  the  Archbishop  was 
not  a  favourite,  if  the  following  verses  be  true) — 
Grandis  Gandavo  debetur  honor,  quia  Bavo 
Sanctus  prostravit  ilium,  quern  nullus  amavit 
Hujus  anni  chronographicum. 
Nonne  ChronographICVM  ?  sat  habes,  est  nosse  potestas.     =     1206 
At  page  388,  and  under  the  date  of  the  year  1226,  the  death  of 
Louis  via.  of  France  is  mentioned,  in  whom,  and  in  his  offspring,  the 
good  qualities  of  Charlemagne  were  to  be  recognised,  the  author  con- 
cludes thus — 

Non  dimittamus  Ludovicum  sine  chronographo, 
Vt  LoDoICe  tIbI  CresCIt  H;eC,  IstaqVe  proLes  ;  1=26 

qVanta  soLo,  et  CceLIs  te  generasse  pVtas  ?  j  —     1  2 

In  the  year  1516  the  Dominican  prior  at  Arras  died  uttering 
these  words,  which  are  a  chronogram  of  the  date — 

DeVs  MeVs  es  tV,  et  spero  In  te.  =1516 

At  page  401  there  is  a  list  of  the  seven  rightful  Counts  of  Artois 
prior  to  the  cession  of  that  territory  to  Count  Robert  by  the  King  of 
France  at  the  date  thus  indicated — 
artesLe  qVjEres  qVando  sVVs  est  CoMes?  aVdI  :  J 

AB  REGE  HANC  QVANDO  FRATRE  ROBERT Vs  HABET.         J      *  *' 

At  page  411  the  death  is  mentioned  of  Count  Robert,  in  the  year 
'  1249,'  in  the  flower  of  his  age,  for  he  had  scarcely  attained  his  thirty- 
sixth  year,  in  battle  against  the  barbarians  at  '  Manzora,'  on  the  Nile. 
The  chronogram,  however,  makes  1239 — 

qVo  raperIs  generose  CoMes  ?  te  proprIa  qVarVnt  :         )  _ 
ne  tVa  barbarICo  fVnera  qV<*re  IVgo.  j  ~~     12*9 

In  the  year  1329,  it  is  mentioned  that  Joan  ('Joanna  iv.  Artesiae 
comes '),  the  widow  of  Philip,  King  of  France  and  Navarre,  came  in 
succession  to  the  throne  of  Artois,  and  in  the  month  of  January  1330 

1  This  fact  disposes  of  any  question  whether  the  chronograms  of  early  dates  were  not 
composed  at  those  dates. 


f 


THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE.  123 

was  removed  by  poison,  having  reigned  but  a  few  days.     The  author 

made  this  chronogram — 

annVM  Iane  aperIs;  aperIt  sVa  IannaqVe  regna:  )  __ 

Iane  beatVs  InIs,  h^eC  CIta  fata  CapIt.  J  3  9 

At  page  463,  Joan  11.,  Countess  of  Artois,  wife  of  Eudo,  or  Odo, 
or  Otho,  Duke  of  Burgundy,  died  in  1347,  on  whom  the  author  wrote 
the  following — 
CVr  MIgras  prInCeps  Ioanna?  en,  Cerne;  brItannVs       )  _ 

frendentI  nIXV  per  tVa  rVra  fVrIt.  j  I347 

In  the  month  of  November  136 1  died  Prince  Philip,  'Philippus 
princeps  noster  anno  setatis  xv.,  vix  puber.1  The  author  made  this 
chronogram — 

ater  VbIqVe  CoLor:  nIVIs  hos  depone  noVeMber:  )  __         , 

In  tantA  aVdaXqVe  es  VIVere  CLade  dIV.  J  ~     I301 

In  the  year  1382  died  Margaret,  Countess  of  Artois,  widow  of 
Count  Louis,  *  Ludovicus  Nivernensis ' — 

sat  LVCtVs  hIC  fVdIstI,  CastIssIMa  tVrtVr  :  )  - 

astrIs  beere  perennIter.  j  3 

In  the  year  1383  died  Louis  vui.,  'Ludovicus  Maleanus/  Count 
of  Flanders,  Duke  of  Brabant,  etc.,  and  late  in  his  life  he  had  added 
the  titles  of  Artois  and  Burgundy.  The  author  writes  concerning  him, 
'  Liberas  illegitimos  habuit  non  paucos.' 

Distichon 
Artesii  et  Flandrii  dum  sceptra  priora  redunant, 
Mortis  ad  imperium,  proh !  Lodoice  cadis. 
Epitaphium  Chronographicum. 

LODOVICVS   MALEANVS   FLANDRliE   ET  ARTESLfi  ) 

prInCeps,  abIIt  e  VIVIs.  J 

In  the  year  1404  died  Philip  the  Bold,  Duke  of  Burgundy  and 
Count  of  Artois.  'Obitus  sui  habe  hanc  Prosopopceiam  chrono- 
graphicam ' — 

fatIs  LVXo  qVIbVs?  qVId  gaLLICa  sCeptra  reVIso?       1 
en,  IbI  ne  MorIar,  VIrgo  beata  Vetat.  J  4  4 

The  battle  of  Agincourt,  on  St.  Crispin's  day,  25th  October  1415, 
was   accompanied  by  great  slaughter.      The  author    says,   Cladis 
Azincurianse  vidi  tale  chronographicum — 
CrIspInI  MVLtos  gens  destrVIt  angLICa  franCos.  =     1413 

In  the  year  14 19,  on  10th  September,  Prince  John  of  Burgundy 
was  slain  by  Charles  the  Dauphin  of  Vienna.  The  author  describes 
the  event  at  page  500,  and  proceeds  thus — 

Quod  tibi  nomen  apud  tuos  hie  tragaedia  parasti,  Delphine  ?  Audi 
chronicon,  quod  alibi  me  legisse  memini, 
Cadens  bVrgVndVM,  a  gaLLIs  deLphInVs  Vt  aVdIt?       1 

feX,  faX,  neX,  Latro,  Lerna,  tIrannVs,  aper.  j  4  9 

at  nos  pariantes,  chronographice  pariter  adlusimus, 


1383 


i24  THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE. 

o!  CoMes:  o  te  te,  CVI  fIdIs?  nonne  pVeLLo?  ) 

PRO   PATRE  NON   GESTAT  PECTORA   FiDA   PVER.  J  4    9 

Thus,  it  appears,  the  author  remembers  to  have  read  the  first,  and 
to  have  brought  forth  (or  composed)  the  second  chronogram. 

At  page  512  is  the  narrative  of  the  peace  made  between  Philip, 
1  Philippus  princeps  noster,'  and  Charles  vil,  King  of  France.  The 
author  concludes  thus,  'De  ista  pace,  in  archivis  Atrebatium  hi 
reperiuntur  versus,  ab  istius  aetatis  imperitia  non  prorsus  abhorrentes.' 
The  first  line  gives  the  date — 

ILLVXIt  nobIs  CLarI  paX  LVCe  MatthaI,  =     1435 

Pro  qui  Francisci  debent  cum  laude  laetari : 

Atrebati  primb  sonat  hsec  vox,  voce  jocund!  » 

Christus  laudetur,  cui  cuncti  subjiciuntur. 

In  the  year  1467,  on  the  17th  calends  of  June,  died  the  Duke  of 
Burgundy,  Philip  the  Good,  at  the  age  of  71,  and  in  the  forty-ninth 
year  of  his  reign.  The  author  wrote  an  epitaph  that  might  be  put  on 
his  tomb,  containing  this  chronogram — 

qVIs  sILet,  InqVIrIs,  sVb  dIVIte  MaVsoLjEO?  1  - 

sVb  CVIVs  pedIbVs  dIdICIt  sVbdere  gaLLVs.  J  ~"     M  ' 

At  page  534  is  mentioned  the  death  of  Duke  Charles  the  Bold, 
at  the  battle  of  Nancy.    The  author  '  finds '  this  chronogram  concern- 
ing him — 
o  MIhI  si  LICeat  aLIqVando,  renate,  renasCI  !  )  _ 

dItabor  spoLIIs  CaVtIor  Ipse  tVIs.  /  477 

At  page  541  is  mentioned  the  marriage  of  Mary,  Duchess  of 
Burgundy,  with  Maximilian  of  Austria,  on  the  2  2d  of  August — 

CLaMor  faCtVs  est;  eCCe  sponsVs  VenIt:  eXIte.         =     1477 
And  the  birth  of  their  son  Philip  in  the  following  year  is  thus  men- 
tioned,— '  Nono  Kalendas  Julii,  hori  tertii  pomeridiani,  Brugae  filius 
Maximiliano  ex  Maris  nascitur,  cui  nomen  inditum  Philippus ;  ejus 
natalem  hoc  rudi  metro,  numeralibus  Uteris  quidam  expressit,' l 

oMnIbVs  aCCeptVs  regnat  noVVs  eCCe  phILIppVs*      =     1478 

The  death  of  this  Duchess  Mary  in  1482  is  thus  commemorated 
in  chronogram  composed  by  Petrus  Magnus,  a  priest  of  Brussels, 
-whom  the  author  mentions  as  a  poet  'mentb  nominandus ' — 
gestIt  eqVo  MarIa  aLIpedes  praVertere  CerVos;  )  =         ~ 

VI  CadIt,  aC  beLgIs  fVnera  fLenda  parIt.  )  4 

At  page  550  it  is  mentioned  that  in  1484  the  monastery  Caricam- 
pensis  {sic)  had  John  Le  Franc  for  its  president     He  erected  a 
beautiful  cross  at  the  principal  door,  and  this  chronogram  was  written 
to  mark  the  date  thereof — 
sVM  sIC  aVXILIIs  Le  franGJ  eXsCVLpta  IoannIs.  =     1491 

1  This  is  quoted  in  my  former  volume  on  Chronograms,  page  123,  where  the  'faulty 
chronogram1  which  caused  me  much  trouble  may  be  set  right  by  this  one.  See  also 
p.  1 19,  ante. 


r 


THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE.  125 

At  page  564  is  mentioned  the  death  of  John  of  Arragon  (the  only 
son  and  heir  of  King  Ferdinand  and  Isabella  of  Spain),  of  acute 
fever,  in  the  flower  of  his  age,  on  the  4th  of  October  1497,  having  in 
the  year  before  married  Margaret,  whom  he  left '  sextam  jam  mensem 
gravidam  reliquit.'  The  death  of  her  husband  was  a  great  shock  to 
her.  The  narrative  proceeds, — Quae,  auditi  mariti  morte,  tanto 
animi  dolore  perculsa  fuit,  ut  ante  diem  infantem  peperit,  qui  in  ipso 
vita  limine  statim  occidit'    Hinc — 

IoannI  LVCtVs  VbI  pVLLa  hIspanIa  fVdIt  I 

aVstrIaCI  regnI  fIt  dIadeMa,  dVCIs.  J  1^i 

At  page  574  it  is  related  that  Prince  Philip  (of  FJanders),  having 
overheated  himself  at  a  game  of  ball,  partook  of  too  much  cold  drink, 
and  thereby  took  a  fever,  and  died  at  Burgos,  in  Castile,  at  the  age 
of  28.  He  was  buried  there  in  a  sumptuous  alabaster  tomb,  his  heart 
being  sent  to  Bruges  in  Flanders.  Ottho  Egmondius  wrote  this 
chronogram  on  the  event — 

dVM  reX  CasteLLa  LVCtatVr  fLore  IVVentjB,  )  _  6 

e  sVbItA  bVrgIs  febre  phILIppVs  obIt.  j  ™"     *5 

On  the  same  page  is  this  memorial  of  the  death  of  Christopher 
Columbus,  on  20th  May  1506 — 

Item  Christophorus  Columbus  primus  novarum  terra  partium  et 
insularum  inventor  in  Hispaniis  vita  decedit  Illi  hoc  chronographi- 
cum  dedi  epitaphium  ; 

ChrIstophorVs  CoLVMbVs,  \ 

genVanVs 

oCCIdVI  orbIs  InVentor  V=     1506 

e  VIVIs 
abIIt,  non  obIIt. 

In  the  year  15 19,  the  Emperor  Maximilian  having  died,  Charles  1., 
the  King  of  Spain  (and  Prince  of  Burgundy),  resigned  his  crown ; 
hence  this  chronogram — 

sCeptra  regenda  tVo  pIa  fata  dedere  nepotI  :  ) 

Corpora  Conde  saCro  MaXILIane  soLo.  j  ""     I5'9 

At  page  589  is  mentioned  the  defeat  of  the  army  of  Francis  1., 
King  of  France,  at  Ticino,  in  Italy,  by  the  Austrians,  on  25th 
February,  in  the  year  1525.  Concerning  the  victory  of  the  latter 
this  verse  is  extant — 

arMa  AQVILiE  VInCVnt  LILIa  CeLsa  trVCIs.  =     1525 

In  the  margin,  *  vel  dVCIs.' 
Also  this  ancient  one — 

aqVILa  ConCVLCaVIt  LILIVM.  =     1524 

A  marginal  note  explains  that  this  took  place  in  the  year  1524,  before 
Easter.  According  to  the  chronology  used  in  France  at  this  period, 
the  year  was  reckoned  to  commence  at  Easter. 


126 


THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE. 


}- 


IS27 


1527 


In  the  year  1527,  on  the  6th  of  May,  Rome  was  taken  by  the 
army  of  the  Emperor  Charles  v.,  commanded  by  Charles  Borbonius,1 
who,  whilst  fighting  before  the  walls,  was  killed  by  a  leaden  bullet 
This  chronogram  expresses  the  event — 
orbIs,  roMa,  CapVt,  haC  Vt  tIbI  fVnera  borbo, 

QVlD  GELlDiE   EFFICIENT  EFFERA  CORDA   pLaGjG? 

In  the  same  year,  at  Valladolid,  the  future  King  of  Spain,  Philip  11., 

is  born,  the  son  of  the  Emperor  Charles  v.  and  Isabella.     There 

were  great  rejoicings  on  the  occasion,  and  this  chronogram  is  extant — 

grata  deo  soboLes,  generIs  spes  CLara  phILIppVs,  )  = 

nasCItVr,  aVstrIaCo  LaVrea  prIMa  patrI.  j 

At  page  603  the  narrative  alludes  to  the  events  of  war,  and 
particularly  to  the  misfortunes  and  defeats  of  the  French  in  the 
Burgundian  territories.  The  year  of  the  triumph  of  the  victors  is 
marked  thus  by  the  words  of  Psalm  lxxxvi. 2 — 
eCCe  aLIenIgeNjG,  et  tIrVs,  et  popVLVs,  <*thIopVM,  hI 
fVerVnt  ILLIC.  =     1537 

In  the  year  1539,  calends  of  May,  died  Elizabeth  [Isabella],  the 
wife  of  the  Emperor  Charles  8 — 

posCIt  fVnereas  VbI  GcsarIs  aVLa  CVpressVs  ;  ) 

pVLCher  Vernantes  abstrahe  MaIe  rosas.  j  '539 

In  the  year  1547  the  whole  of  Germany  was  subdued  by  the 
Emperor  Charles.  Upon  this  '  Csesarean  victory '  the  author  made 
this  chronogram — 

CasarIas  aqVILas  Vt  trVX  gerManIa  spernIt,  ) 

CogItVr,  at  LenI,  sVbdere  CoLLa  IVgo.  J  "~     l**' 

In  the  year  1553,  'Teruanum,'  the  chief  town  of  the  '  Morini/  in 
the  province  of  Artois,  was  besieged  and  taken  from  the  French.    The 
author  remarks  that  it  is  incredible  what  a  quantity  of  French  blood 
was  shed  there,  as  expressed  in  this  couplet — 
Nunc  seges  est,  ubi  erat  Morinum,  resecandaque  falce 
Luxuriat  Franco  sanguine  pinguis  humus. 
And  these  chronograms  give  the  date — 

DeLetI  MorInI.  =     1553 

IVnIVs  eX  MorInIs  VICtrICIa  sIgna  potentI  1 

dat  CaroLo,  franCVs  VIdIt  et  IndoLVIt.  j  *553 

CesarIs  aqVILa  proVoCans  ad  VoLandVM  pVLLos  I 

sVos,  et  sVper  eos  VoLItans,  eXpandet  aLas.  J  "" 

non  In  MVLtItVdIne  eXerCItVs  est  VICtorIa  )  _ 

sed  eX  CceLo  VICtorIa  est*  j  f553 


1  Charles  the  Constable  de  Bourbon.  The  city  of  Rome  was  taken  and  plundered  by 
the  troops  in  a  shameful  manner,  and  the  Pope  was  made  prisoner. 

9  The  exact  words  of  the  Vulgate  Version  lxxxvi  4,  corresponding  to  lxxxvii.  4  of  the 
English  Bible  version. 

*  The  Emperor  Charles  v.  married  Isabella  in  1526.  She  was  the  mother  of  Philip  the 
husband  of  Mary  Queen  of  England,  and  died  in  May  1539. 


THE  BELGIAN  CHRONICLE,  127 

In  1553  and  1554  the  imperial  forces  besieged  and  took  other 
towns  in  the  region  about  Artois.    The  author  made  these  chrono- 
|  grams  on  one  town  destroyed  and  another  one  built — 

CanChIades1  LaChrVMant  Vt  ad  VrbIs  saXa  prIorIs,     1  = 

SjEpIVs  In  LVCtVs  IngenIosa  sVos  :  J  5" 

VndIs  eXCItVs  CanChIs1  CapVt:  en  noVa  dIXIt  I 

1  McenIa,  perpetVA  respICIenda  dIe.  j  554 

J  In  1557,  the  French  having  broken  the  treaty  of  peace,  the  war 

j  recommenced,  and  they  were  defeated  at  Quintinopolis  (St.  Quentin) 

j  on  St.  Laurence's  day,   the   20th  of  August.     The  author  made 

this— 

LVX  saCra  LaVrentI,  gaLLorVM  sangVIne  sordet,  )  _ 

sVb  qVIntInopoLI  Vt  Castra  phILIppVs  habet.  /  "~     *"/ 

In  the  year  1558,  on  the  21st  September,  the  Emperor  Charles  v. 
died — 
CaroLVs  haC  qVIntVs  parVA  retInetVr  In  VrnA, 


}=     '558 


gerManIs,  gaLLIs,  ItaLIs,  tVrCIsqVe  seVerVs. 

In    1562   died   Franciscus    de    Glen,  bishop  of   Henin-Lie'tard 
(*  Henniacensis ').     His  epitaph  there  concludes  thus — 
ILICet  aVfVgIt,  SjbVos  eXosa  tVMVLatVs  ;  )  _         , 

eXCIpIs  hanC  grato  sed  bone  ChrIste  sInV.  j  ""*     *5  2 

In  1565  the  Scheldt  river  was  frozen,  denying  the  way  to  ships, 
but  affording  it  to  horses  and  wagons.  The  author  goes  on 
thus  in  sapphic  verse — 

Anno  1566.    patrIa  obdVCto  tenebrosa  soMno  ^ 

NON   POTEST  ACRES  COHlBERE   BELGAS  \  f   __  , . 

InferI  doneC  referet  CrVenta  f  ~"     J$  " 

InnItor  ora.  ) 

Sic  enim  annum  hunc  ordior,  exordium  ad  omnem  futuris  tempo- 
ribus  calamitatem.    The  narrative  then  adverts  to  the  war  and  rebel- 
lion which  desolated  the  country,  and  introduces  this  chronogram,  an 
adaptation  from  'Judas  Maccabeus'2 — 
sanCta  tVa  ConCVLCata  sVnt  et  ContaMInata.  =     1566 

In  the  same  year,  on  the  2 2d  August,  the  infanta  of  Spain,  Isabella 
Clara  Eugenia,  was  born,  and  the  author  makes  this — 
nasCerIs,  o  prInCeps  !  ardet  fera  beLgICa  beLLo,  )  _         , . 

at  non  sIC;  Mod6  tV  VenerIs  Ipsa  dea.  j  ~*     XS66 

Several  of  the  chronograms  contained  in  the  next  of  the  author's 
pages  have  appeared  in  my  former  work,  and  need  not  be  repeated 
here.    I  pass  on  to 

The  assassination,  in  1588,  of  Henry  Duke  of  Guise  and  his 

1  Canchis  is  La  Canche  or  St.  Quentin,  in  Flanders. 

*  See  my  former  volume  on  Chronograms,  p.  370,  the  sixth  chronogram  ;  and  see 
I  Maccabees  iii.  51.     These  words  of  the  chronogram  are  those  of  the  Vulgate  Version. 


is  alluded 

}- 

1588 

}- 

1588 

128  THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE. 

brother  the  Cardinal,  by  order  of  Henry  iil  of  France, 
to  in  these  chronograms  made  by  the  author — 
gVIsIVs  a  gaLLI  ConfossVs  MILIte,  In  atros 
ConuersVs  CIneres,  Corpore  VastVs  obIt. 
(sic) 
heM  dIVe  heros  pVrpVrate  !  sVb  hastIs,  Vis 
InIqVa  tIbI,  LatItat. 

The  assassination  of  Henry  m.  of  France,  on  27th  August  1589, 
is  marked  by  this  chronogram  as  a  retribution  for  the  foregoing  one — 
gestIt  Vt  henrICVs  MaCtatI  sangVIne  gVIsI  :  I  « 

CceLItVs  ILLatA  Cede  pVdenter  obIt.  J  =       5  9 

With  this  I  bring  to  a  conclusion  my  chronogrammatic  extracts 
from  the  chronicle  of  Ferry  de  Locre. 


THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE. 

A  polio  volume,  the  Saxon  Chronicle,  by  David  Chytraeus  (British 
Museum,  press-mark  157.  g.  9.),  is  contained  in  about  1250 
pages.  The  title  is, '  Davidis  Chytrsei,  Historici  clarissimi  saxonia, 
ab  anno  Christi  1500,  usque  ad  annum  mdc,  nunc  tertium  recognita ' 
(and  continued  down  to  161 1,  with  indexes).     Leipsic,  161 1. 

There  is  a  fine  printer's  device  of  St.  Christopher  on  the  title-page 
and  colophon.  The  chronograms  occur  mixed  with,  and  forming  part 
of,  the  text  of  the  chronicle,  and  they  are  sometimes  the  only  means 
used  for  giving  the  dates.  Although  the  chronicle  is  a  history  of 
events  more  or  less  concerning  Saxony,  the  chronograms  themselves 
chiefly  commemorate  the  affairs  of  Poland.  To  avoid  misinterpreting 
the  author,  I  give  extracts  in  his  own  words  and  quaint  expressions, 
correcting,  however,  many  misprints  which  appear  in  his  chrono- 
grams. 

Page  140.  Under  the  date  1504,  ( Ejusdem  anni  aestate,  Stephanus 
Wallachise  Moldavia  princeps,  clarissimis  rebus  adversus  Matthiam 
regem  Ungariae,  Mahometem  Turcicum  Imp.  Tattaros  Precopitas,  et 
Joan  Albertum  Poloniae  regem  gestis  celeberrimus,  diem  extremum 
postridie  Cal.  Julii  clausit,  cui  Bogdanus  Alius  successit,  gLorIa  obIt 
stephanVs  VaLaChorVM,  qVI  sVperaVIt  hVnnos  et  LaChos, 
te  qVoqVe  tVrCa  potens.'  =     1504 

Page  213.  Concerning  war  between  Prussia  and  Poland,  and  sub- 
sequent peace  in  152 1,  the  king  of  Poland  'Sigismundus  ad  hanc 
pacem  ineundam  e6  propensior  erat,  quod  recens  copiis  ipsius  pro- 
fligatis,  Tattarorum  impressiones  novas  denub  meruebat  a  tatarIs 
GesI  proh  Magna  strage  poLonI  In  soCaLInIs  oCCVbVIstIs 
agrIs/  =     1519 


f 


THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE.  129 

Page  242.  Gustavus  succeeded  to  the  crown  of  Sweden  in  1523, 
but  in  consequence  of  the  unsettled  state  of  the  country  he  was  not  •! 

solemnly  crowned  until  the  6th  June  1528.     'Annum  et  diem  elec-  \ 

tionis  Gostavi,  Henricus  Mollerus  Hessus  poeta,  his  versibus  expressit ;'  j 

qVm  VICIna  tVas  IVnI  sVbIt  optIMe  nonas  \  *] 

In  gothICIs  perstet  LVX  ea  saCra  pLagIs.  f  _  g  \ 

totIVs  Ista  tVLIt  per  Vota  potentIa  regnI  r—     x52  ► 

gostaVo  PATRlifi  regIa  frena  patrI.  ) 

Page  258.    The  author  proceeds  with  the  chronicle,  saying,  *  Nunc  ' 

ad  chronicon  anni  1523  redeo,  cujus  primi  die,  r 

sVbDIt  se  getICo  rhoDos  ante  InfraCta  tIranno,  )  _ 

ChrIste,  ah  nataLIs  LVCe  orIente  tVL*  j  ""     l*2* 

Page  279.  The  chronicle  for  1524  mentions,  'In  Polonia,  Turci, 
per  Walachiam,  in  Russiam  Poloniae  regi  subjectam,  impressionem 
fecerunt ;  Tattari  verb  Praecopenses,  ingenti  agmine  reliquam  Russiae 
illius  partem,  et  minorem  Poloniam  pervagati  et  depredati  sunt,' 

ET  tVrCe   ET  TARTARl    DIrA  AFFLIXfeRE   LATRONES  i  =  e  j 

grassantes,  terras,  LaChIa,  CLaDe  tVas.  J         x524 

Page  347.     The  year  and  day  of  the  birth  of  Eric,  King  of  Sweden, 
is  thus  chronicled,  Ericus  1111.  Sueciae  rex  (son  of  Gustavus).     '  Erici 
Sueciae  regis  annum  et  diem  natalem  expressit  Henricus  Mollerus ;' 
LVCIa  sCeptIfero  nataLeM  portat  erICo,  ( 

qVI  nItet  In  regno  sVeCIa  IVsta  tVo.  j  x^33 

Page  360.     In  the  chronicle  for  the  year  1535  a  marriage  is  dated 

by  a  chronogram  making  the  year  1540.     It  is  probably  wrong,  but 

no  date  in  figures  is  given ;  '  Hedwigem,  Julii  ducis  Brunsuicensis 

conjugem :   Elizabeth  Magdalenam  Lunaeburgensi  duci  nuptam :  et 

Sophiam,  Wilhelmo  domino  a  Rosenberg  Boemo  elocatam  suscepit'  , 

heDVIgI  prInCeps  hoC  branDenbVrgICVs  anno  )  _ 

poLona  LatIs  IVngItVr  aVspICIIs.  /  ""     I54° 

The  death  of  Catharine,  wife  of  Gustavus,  King  of  Sweden,  follows 
next,  '  Catharina,  Gostavi  Sueciae  regis  uxor,  Erici  xiv.  biennio  ante  in  i 

lucem  editi,  mater :  filia  Magni  ducis  Saxoniae,  Angariae  et  Westphaliae,  \ 

rebus  humanis  exempta  est '  {i.e.  she  died).  j 

sangVIne  saXonICo,  gostaVo  ConIVge,  erICo  )  ; 

InsIgnIs  nato,  IaM  CatharIna  IaCet.  j  535  \ 

Page  379.    Chronicle  for  1537.     Gustavus,  King  of  Sweden,  has  ! 

a  son  born  to  him,  who  came  to  the  throne  in  1568  as  John  in. 
'Annum  et  diem  natalem,  hoc  Tetrasticho  Numerali,  expressit 
Henricus  Mollerus  Hessus.'  (*.*.  On  St.  Thomas's  day,  the  21st 
December  1535,  as  indicated  by  the  chronogram) — 
LVX  Vt  haberetVr  (sic)  thoMa  saCrata,  Ioannes, 

nasCItVr  In  septIs  arX  stegeborga  tVIs.  >ss 

fInnonIa  prInCeps,  gostaVI  natVs  et  h^eres  C  **' 

perpetVVs  regnI  sVeCIa  tota  tVI.  ) 

Page  390.  Chronicle  for  the  year  1539  mentions  the  marriage  of 
Isabella,  daughter  of  Sigismund,  King  of  Poland,  to  John,  King  of 


\ 


*3° 


THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE. 


Hungary,  and  the  birth  of  her  son,  and  a  few  days  afterwards  the 
death  by  fever  of  the  king,  her  husband,  in  1540. — 'Eodem  anno, 
fortI  anIMo  prIsCas  qVm  eXCeLLVIt  heroInas,  pannonICo 
regI  nVpta  IsabeLLa  fVIt  filia  Sigismundi  regis  Poloniae,  ex  = 
Bonae  Sfortiae  conjugio  primogenita,  Joanni  Ungariae  regi  in  matri- 
monium  data  est,  quae  sequenti  anno  filium  Stephanum,  avo  paterno 
ofjLtowfiov,  postea  Joannem  11.  dictum,  enixa,  maritum  intra  paucos 
dies  febri  extinctum  amisit' 

Page  431.  Chronicle  for  the  year  1548  records  that  Sigismund  i., 
King  of  Poland,  died,  aged  81,  having  reigned  wisely  and  happily  for 
42  years. — '  In  Polonia,  rex  Sigismundus  1.,  cum  inter  quatuor  fratres, 
Casimiri  magni  filios,  minimus  natu,  ad  regnum  tandem  pervenisset, 
idq'  42  annos  sapienter  et  feliciter  rexisset,  die  Paschae,  quae  in 
Calend'  Aprilis  incidit,  anno  aetatis  81  rebus  humanis  exemptus  est; 
post  regnI  patrII  reX  sIgIsMVnDVs  honores,  )  _ 

reX  pIVs  et  fortIs,  regna  beata  sVbIt  ;  J 

relicto  unico  flilio  Sigismundo  Augusto,'  etc.  etc 

Page  438.  The  chronicle  for  1550-1552  mentions  that  Barbara 
Radziwil,  who  had  been  married  to  Sigismund  Augustus  il,  King  of 
Poland,  was  crowned  Queen  of  Poland,  and  died  soon  after ;  the 
hexameter  chronogram  gives  the  date  of  her  birth,  the  pentameter 
that  of  her  coronation,  the  next  couplet  her  marriage  and  her  death  ; 
.  no  dates  in  figures  are  mentioned.  Sigismund,  her  husband,  came 
to  the  throne  in  1548,  on  the  death  of  his  father,  who  is  the  subject 
of  the  preceding  chronogram. — '  In  Polonia,  Barbara  Radevila,  Sigis- 
mundo Augusto  regi  aliquot  annos  nupta  coronatur,  et  paulo  post 
extinguitur;  de  qua  sequens  distichon  extat,  cujus  prior  versus 
Hexameter,  annum  nativitatis,  Pentameter  annum  coronationis 
continet — 

ILLVstrI  qVanqVaM  CapVt  esset  CInCta  Corona,  = 

barbara  regales  mceret  adepta  toros.  = 

^njSJu.  VXor  qVoD  fVerIs  aVgVstI  Mcereo  rVrsVs  = 

*££  BARBARA  TE   LfiTOR   POST   DATA  REGNA   MORL  = 

Page  457.  The  chronicle  for  155 1  mentions  the  death  of 
Margaret,  the  second  wife  of  Gustavus,  King  of  Sweden,  leaving  three 
sons  and  five  daughters.  ('  She  migrated  to  the  heavenly  kingdom.1 
'She  sought  the  stars/) — *  Margarita  Sueciae  regina,  Gostavi  regis 
altera  conjunx,  cum  tres  filios  et  filias  quinque,  marito  reliquisset,  in 
cceleste  regnum  emigravit ; 
regInas  Inter  pileCeLLens  MargarIs  aLtas 

ConIVge,  progenIe,  fronte,  Lepore,  trIbV. 
Vt  tres  gostaVo  natos,  natasq.  tVLIsset 

qVInq.,  sVas  terras  LInqVIt,  et  astra  petIt. 

Page  457.  The  chronicle  for  1560.  The  year  and  day  of  the 
death  of  Gustavus  Vasa,  King  of  Sweden,  on  Michaelmas  day,  at  the 
age  of  70,  is  thus  recorded—'  Gostavus  Sueciae  rex,  Sapiens,  raag- 


'539 


1548 


1523 
1550 
1547 
i55i 


i55i 


.1 


}- 


THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE. 

nanimus,  fortis  et  felix  ,  .  .  anno  aetatis  septuagesimo,  die  Michaelis, 
rebus  humanis  erat  exemptus.  Annum  et  diem  obitus,  Henricus 
Mollerus,  vir  et  poeta  optimus,  hoc  disticho  expressit,' 
at  LVX  angeLIGe  fVLgerat  saCra  CohortI, 

gostaWs  sVeonVM  reX  VIgIL,  ara,  perIt. 
Page  527.  Chronicle  for  1561.  The  coronation  of  Eric,  King 
of  Sweden.  'In  Suecia,  Erici  xiiii.  regis  coronationi,  dies  29  Junii 
destinata  erat.'  (He  was  the  son  of  Gustavus  Vasa,  and  was  dethroned 
and  slain  on  29th  of  June,  the  day  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  by  his 
brother  John  111.) 
IVnIVs  Vt  petrI  et  paVLI  sVa  festa  sVbIret,  )  _ 

VeLat  erICe  CapVt  sVeCa  Corona  tVVM.  J  ~ 

Page  543.     Chronicle  for  1564.     Alexander  Despota,  Prince  in 
Wallachia,  having  been  expelled  through  the  results  of  war  in  1563,  is 
reinstated,  '  sequenti  anno  Alexander  tyrannus  iterum  in  Wallachiam 
Turcicis  auxiliis  restitutus  est ;' 
Despota  Vt  est  CiEsVs,  VIsnoVeCIVsqVe  (sic)  tyrannVs,    ) 

rVrsVs  aLeXanDer  VLaChIa  regna  regIt.  /  "" 

Page  558.    Chronicle  for  1 565.    '  Nicolaus  Radivilus  Dux  Olicae  et 

Nieswisensis  .  .  .  ingenio,  virtu  teetauthoritateexcellens,cui  quid  quid 

nunc  est  pure  religionis  in  Lithuania  deberi  adfirmant,  die  28  Maii 

extinct  us  est ;' 

OCCIDIS  ArCTOjE,   RADIV1LE,   O  GLORIA  TERRiB,  )  = 

heros  IngenIo  non  CIt6  taLIs  erIt.  J 

Page  563.  Chronicle  of  the  year  1566.  The  author  now  treats 
of  some  of  the  bishops  in  Saxony,  and  here  he  mentions  Bernhard, 
Bishop  of  Minister,  who  resigned  in  consequence  of  the  mandate  of 
Pope  Pius  v.  against  the  licentious  habits  of  the  clergy. — *  Nunc  in 
Dicecesibus  aliquot  Saxonise,  Episcoporum  successiones  attexam. 
Bernhardus  enim  Monasteriensis  episcopus,  Pii  v.  pontificis  mandatum 
de  concubinis  removendis,  clero  diceceseos  suae  in  synodo  praeponens, 
canonicorum  animis  jam  ante  adversus  se  exacerbatis,  et  nunc  magis 
etiam,  instinctu  concubinarum,  odiis  inflammatis,  post  paucos  dies 
episcopatum  resignat  (et  CVM  sCorta  VeLInt  LVgens  eLeCte 
reCedIs.)  Cui  postridie  resignationis,  Joannes  Comes  ab  Hoya  = 
episcopus  Osnabrugensis,  princeps  ingeniosus,  eruditus,  eloquens  et 
rounificus,  a  Collegio  substitutus  est'  (This  chronogram  is  faulty, 
because  the  letter  0=500  is  not  to  be  counted;  it  would  otherwise 
make  the  impossible  year  2067.  The  chronogram  indicates  in  what 
way  the  bishop  himself  was  the  more  faulty.) 

Page  594.  The  chronicle  for  1569  mentions  the  death  of  a  witty 
poet,  celebrated  in  Lithuania  and  Poland,  '  Nicolaus  Reius,  Polonus, 
lingua  patriae  poeta  ut  primus.1 

reIVs  CessIt  In  astra  ;  saLes  perIere  IoCIqVe  ;  )  = 

neC  taLeM  IngenIo  LaChIa  forte  feret.  J 

Page  606.  The  chronicle  for  157 1  mentions  George  Eabricius, 
of  Chemnitz,  who  was  born  in   1516  (see   my  former  volume  on 


13* 


1560 


.* 

^ 


1561 


1564 


1565 


1567 


1569 


i3 J  THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE. 

Chronograms^  p.  291),  and  died  in  1571  at  the  age  of  56 ;  he  was 
celebrated  for  his  piety  and  learning.    His  family  put  up  a  monument 
with  an  epitaph,  including  chronogram  words  of  the  date  of  his  birth 
and  his  age  ;  these  are  the  verses  containing  the  same — 
nVsqVaM  tVta  fIDes:  natalem  continet  annum  =     1516 

Fabricii :  LVstrI  vox,  necis,  una  notat.  =         56 

Page  606.  In  the  same  year,  157 1,  Petrus  Caesar,  a  worthy  man, 
a  military  officer  at  Leipsic,  was  murdered  on  1 2th  June,  at  night,  in 
his  bedroom  at  Carlsbad.  The  circumstance  is  thus  narrated ;  the 
chronogram  was  made  by  his  nephew — '  Hoc  anno  dum  in  thermis 
Carolinis  noctu  decumbens,  cuidam  nobili  familiariter  noto,  cubiculi 
ostium  improbrius  pulsanti  e  lecto  surgens  aperit,  ex  insidiis  ab  illo 
confossus  est,  12  Junii,  cujus  nefandae  caedis  eteostichon  a  Christo- 
phoro  Csesare,  fratris  filio,  scriptum  extat ;' 

tVnC  qVanDo  LVCet  bIsseXto  IVnIVs»ortV  )  __ 

eXtInCtVs  DIro  VVLnere  Cjesar  obIt.  J  ""     X571 

Page  616.  The  chronicle  for  1572  describes  the  massacre  of  the 
Huguenots  on  the  eve  of  Saint  Bartholomew,  the  24th  of  August, 
at  Paris  and  other  parts  of  France,  under  the  phrase  'Nuptise 
Parisienses,'  the  festivities  which  were  then  being  held  on  the  marriage 
of  Henry  iv.  Bourbon,  King  of  Navarre  with  Margaret  of  Valois, 
daughter  of  Catherine  de  Medicis  who  was  accused  of  being  the 
instigator  of  the  plot  The  chronicle  describes  the  slaughter  of 
hundreds  of  persons  in  their  houses  and  beds,  neither  age  nor  sex 
was  spared.  It  describes  the  slaughter  of  Caspar  Castilioneus l 
Amiralius,  and  the  horrible  mutilation  of  his  body ;  and  proceeds  in 
these  words — '  Quod  his  ipsis  verbis  Gallicus  scriptor  commemorat 
Mortui  famam  pontificii  carminibus  etiam  probrosis  lacerare  conati 
sunt,  inter  quae  imprimis  argutum  est  Jo  Auratse  epigramma.  £ 
contrk  Reformats  Religionis  viri  docti,  honorificentissimis  eum  elogiis 
prosecuti  sunt,  ex  quibus  unicum  epitaphium,  in  quo  pietas  et 
amyralius  colloquuntur,  adscribo ; 

P. — Iste  Dei  miles  Amyrallius,  armis 

Omnibus  invictus,  victus  ab  insidiis. 
Sic  ego  te  video,  dolor,  6  dolor  I  ergo  jacentem  ? 

A. —    Sic  jaceo,  non  me,  vera,  jacente,  jacent 

P. — Ab  quis  erit,  sanctum  qui  nunc  propugnet  ovile  ? 

A. —    Ipse  suum  tutum  Pastor  ovile  dabit. 
Versus  numeralis,  annum  et  diem  caedis  nefandae  indicans, 
BARTHoI-^MiEVs  fLet,  qVIa  franCIsCVs  oCCVbat  atLas      sb     1572 
Gallica  nunc  vere  Punica  facta  fides/ 

1  This  Admiral  Gaspard  de  Coligny  was  one  of  the  principal  leaders  of  the  Huguenot 
party  ;  a  proposal  has  just  now  been  put  forth  (March  1884),  calling  upon  all  sympathizers 
in  the  acts  and  sufferings  of  that  party  to  contribute  towards  the  expenses  of  erecting  a 
monument  to  his  memory  at  Paris.  Meetings  are  being  held  in  England  in  support  of  the 
movement,  and  the  Times  newspaper  of  26th  March  gives,  in  a  leading  article,  an  epitome 
of  historical  and  other  explanations. 


THE  SAXON  CHRONICLE.  133 

Here  ends  the  narrative.  The  date  of  the  massacre  is  given  in 
ray  former  book,  pp.  222  and  365,  where  the  above  chronogram  is 
applied  to  another  person. 

Page  821.  The  chronicle  for  the  year  1590  describes  a  very 
protracted  winter,  so  that  the  trees  in  the  region  of  the  Baltic  were 
scarcely  in  leaf  in  the  month  of  May.  Great  heat  and  drought 
followed  in  June,  July,  and  August,  the  herbage  was  burnt  up,  and 
rivers  and  springs  became  dry.  'De  qui  insolenti  hujus  aestatis 
ariditate,  eteostichon  quidam  composuit ;' 

arbt  hIVLCVs  ager,  CerVo  sItIs  ora  perVrIt,  ) 

aCCenso  rhenVs  fLVMIne  anheLat  aqVas.  J  "~     l^° 

The  remainder  of  the  year  was  remarkable  for  bad  weather. 

Page  983.  The  chronicle  discourses  about  the  coronation  of 
Stephen,  King  of  Poland,  and  the  insignia  of  Poland  and  Lithuania, 
and  mentions  a  great  emblematical  figure  of  a  knight  in  full  armour 
on  horseback,  'Eques  Cataphractus,  magni  Ducatus  Lithuania 
stemma,  et  Aquila  Polonica,  versibus  artificiosis  ornata,  cujus 
memoriam  conservatum  non  indignam  chronicon  in  fine  anni  1579 
testatur.' — *  In  ense,  majoribus  characteribus,  significatur  annus,  quo 
potentissimus  Stephanus  feliciter  inauguratus  est,  1576.'  (The  sword 
was  inscribed  with  this  chronogram,  giving  the  date  of  the  coro- 
nation)— 
ense  DbI  Leges,  te  reX  regnVMqVe  tVebor.  =     1576 

The  chronicle  then  proceeds,  '  A  pollice  dextra  equitis,  per  cas- 
sidem,  ejusdem  artificii  versus  duo,  pacis  cum  Gedanensibus  composite 
annum  continet  1577, 

VIrIbVs  eXCeLLo,  L*tVs  qVoqVe  serVIo  regI  :  )  _ 

IVDICIoqVe  sVo  stoqVe  CaDoqVe  LVbens.  /  ""     I577 

Then  follow  other  metrical  lines,  which  are  inscribed  on  other 
parts  of  the  '  Eques'  and  his  horse,  some  in  the  form  of  acrostics,  but 
not  in  chronogram  until  we  come  to  one  on  the  bridle,  which  gives 
the  date  of  the  slaughter  in  battle  at  Dantzic,  ( In  freno  carmen  in 
Uteris  majoribus  cladem  Gedanensium  comprehendit;' 
Vera  pVto  regIs  LaVs  est,  DoMVIsse  sVperbos.  =     1577 

(This  chronogram  is  in  my  former  book  on  Chronograms,  p.  184.) 
Then  follow  other  regal  emblems  with  verses ;  and  afterwards  at  page 
984  the  Royal  Eagle  is  mentioned,  with  this  among  other  explana- 
tions, '  In  diademate,  seu  corona  Aquilae,  versus  inscriptus,  anni  1576, 
quo  princeps  amplissimus  Stephanus  in  regem  est  coronatus,  index 
est;' 
regaLI  gaVDet  stephanVs  reX  MagnVs  honore.  =     1576 

The  second  part  of  the  volume  is  the  continuation  of  the 
chronicle  of  Chytneus  down  to  the  year  161 1.  The  only  chrono- 
grams relate  to  two  German  universities,  Giessen  and  Leipsic ;  the 
reader  is  referred  to  another  page  of  the  present  volume,  where  those 
places  are  mentioned. 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE 

OF 

PROCOPIUS  LUPACIUS. 

A  book,  said  to  be  a  rare  one  (British  Museum,  press-mark*  93 15* 
aa.  2),  8°,  bears  this  title,  ( Rerum  Bohemicarum  Ephemeris, 
sive  Kalendarium  historicum :  ex  reconditis  veterum  annalium  monu- 
mentis  erutum.  Authore  M.  Procopio  Lupacio.  Pragae,  Anno  1574/ 
The  dedication  is  signed  Procopius  Lupacius.  This  particular  copy 
is  in  pigskin  binding,  with  clasps,  and  the  initials  of  a  former  owner, 
P.  S.  Z.  Z.  1596,  stamped  on  the  outside.  No  pagination,  but  pro- 
bably 600  or  700  pages.  It  is  a  chronicle  of  events  in  Bohemia, 
arranged  under  months  and  days,  and  under  each  day  are  arranged 
the  events  according  to  the  successive  years  of  their  date.  The 
chronograms  are  not  printed  as  such,  with  taller  date  letters,  but  only 
in  plain  letters,  and  generally  in  italics.1  There  is,  indeed,  no  in- 
dication that  they  are  chronograms  except  a  word,  such  as 
*  Eteostichon '  or  '  Numerale,'  preceding  the  couplets  of  hexameter 
and  pentameter  verse,  and  but  for  that  guide,  they  would  not  be 
recognised  by  an  unpractised  reader.  I  have  put  them  into  due 
form  and  tested  the  resulting  dates  by  reckoning  up  the  intended  date 
letters.  Some  of  the  chronograms,  however,  are  wrong,  if  the  dates 
stated  in  the  chronicle  are  correct  In  those  instances  where  it  is  not 
possible  to  introduce  satisfactory  emendations  for  the  one,  or  to  confirm 
the  other,  I  have  alluded  to  the  discrepancy  as  an  incorrigible  original 
error.  As  the  names  of  the  writers  of  the  chronograms  are  mentioned, 
it  is  quite  safe  to  say  that  the  chronograms  which  express  dates  much 
earlier  than  that  of  the  book  were  made  a  long  time  after  the  dates 
which  they  are  designed  to  represent  The  names  of  those  writers  are 
thus  given — 

Eteostichorum  Scriptores. 

Johannes  Balbinus,  Reginae  Hradecenus. 

David  Crinitus,  ab  Hlawaczowa,  Nepomucehus. 

Bernhardus  Sturmius  Paczkovinus. 

Johannes  Rosinus  Zatecenus. 
And  their  initials  are  placed  after  each  chronogram  accordingly. 

The  words  of  many  of  the  chronograms  in  this  group  are  enigma- 
tical, so  far  as  they  are  designed  to  indicate  the  period  of  the  year  in 

1  Chronograms  printed  in  this  manner  are  referred  to  in  my  work  on  Chronograms^ 
published  in  1882,  page  be.  I  obtained  about  50  examples  from  a  rare  work,  •  I  cones  sive 
imagines  virorum  Uteris  illustrium,'  by  Nicolas  Reusner.  Augsburg,  1590.  (British 
Museum,  press-mark  611.  d.  27.)  There  are  other  occasional  examples.  This  Bohemian 
chronicle  affords  about  118  more.  I  would  suggest  the  term  '  crypt  o-chronogram '  for  them, 
because  they  conceal  the  contained  date. 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


*35 


which  an  event  happened.  That  indication  is  frequently  effected  by 
an  allusion  to  the  relative  position  of  the  sun  and  a  particular  star  in 
a  constellation,  or  to  the  sun's  place  in  one  of  the  signs  of  the  zodiac 
on  a  particular  day,  facts  well  known  to  astronomers,  while  the  general 
reader  is  not  enlightened  by  the  astronomical  allusion.  Classical 
phrases  or  names  are  sometimes  used,  such  as  Janus  for  January; 
also  the  reckoning  of  time  by  lustrums  or  periods  of  five  years.  The 
same  fanciful  method  of  indicating  the  particulars  of  a  date  may  be 
noticed  in  chronograms  obtained  from  other  sources.  They  are  not 
peculiar  to  this  chronicle.  The  following  examples  will  direct  the 
reader's  attention  to  these  points : — 

Burianus  completes  'quatuor  lustra,'  i.e.  he  died  at  twentvrfive 
years  of  age. 

Carolivicus, — Lachesis  cuts  his  thread  'ubi  quarta  dies  Jani 
fulget,'  i.e.  he  died  on  4th  January. 

Maximilian  died  on  a  day  indicated  by  '  Claviger,'  i.e.  the  con- 
stellation Hercules. 

Praemyslus  died  in  January,  indicated  by  *  bifrons  Janus.' 

Korland  died  (ubi  lux  Brigittae  dilabitur/  when  the  day  of 
St.  Bridget  departed,  it.  the  evening  of  the  1st  February. 

Maximilian  died  'Februi  lux  nona  bis  orta,'  i.e.  the  18th  of 
February. 

Mathias  was  born  '  sex  ubi  ter  Februi  luces  et  quinque,'  i.e.  the 
23d  of  February. 

Charles  v.  was  crowned  '  octo  ter  Februa  luce  intente,'  i.e.  on  24th 
February. 

Michalovicius  died  when  *  lassus  equos  agiles  per  pisces  Phoebus 
agebat,'  when  tired  Phoebus  drove  his  swift  horses  through  the  fishes, 
or  when  the  sun  was  passing  through  the  zodiac  sign  Pisces,  the  6th 
of  March,  in  the  evening. 

Gregorius  died  *  lux  ubi  currebat  martis  septena,'  i.e.  the  evening 
of  the  7  th  of  March.. 

•  Wenceslaus  '  apneas  satus  est  in  auras,  martius  ut  noni  fulsit  ab 
axe  vice/  or  'clauserat  auroras  ut  ternas  Martius  et  sex,'  i.e.  he  is  pro- 
duced (or  born)  into  the  sunny  air  of  day  when  March  had  shone 
from  the  sky  for  the  ninth  turn ;  or  when  March  had  closed  three  and 
nine  mornings.     In  plain  English,  he  was  bom  on  the  9th  of  March. 

Ferdinand  1.  is  born  when  'ubi  aurea  velligeri  cornua  Phoebus 
adit,'  when  the  golden. sun  approached  the  horns  of  the  fleece-bearer 
(the  zodiac  sign  Aries,  the  ram).  This  also  points  to  the  Golden 
Fleece,  the  badge  of  the  Spanish-Austrian  family.  The  day  is  the 
10th  of  March. 

Albeit  becomes  Emperor  on  a  date  indicated  by  the  same  figure 
of  speech,  c  ubi  sol  lassabat  vellera  ovis,'  when  the  sun  had  sunk  to 
the  fleece  of  the  sheep,  the  sun's  place  in  the  zodiac  on  the  20th  of 
March. 

Glatovia  is  burnt  when  '  in  Maio  Titan  ter  quarto  egit  iter,'  when 
the  sun  had  made  his  12th  journey  in  May,  the  1 2th  day  of  that  month. 


s<°/ 


136  THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 

Maria  of  Austria  is  born  'Phoebus  ubi  aestivi  tetigisset  brachia 
cancri,'  when  the  sun  had  touched  the  arms  of  the  summer-season 
crab,  or  when  the  sun  had  just  entered  the  zodiac  sign  Cancer,  the 
2 1  st  of  June. 

Schounberg  died  on  the  24th  of  June,  St  John  the  Baptist's  day, 
'agnifero  lux  sacra,'  the  day  sacred  to  the  bearer  of  the  lamb,  one  of 
the  emblems  of  that  saint. 

Ferdinand  died  '  Jacobi  lux  ubi  splendet,'  when  the  day  of  St  James 
shone,  the  25th  of  July. 

Maximilian  was  crowned  *  lances  Phoebus  ab  axe  subit,'  when  the 
sun  went  under  the  balance,  i.e.  into  the  zodiac  sign  Libra,  as  20th 
September. 

Codicillus  died  '  Lux  ubi  Mauricio  currebat  sacra,'  when  the  day 
sacred  to  (Saint)  Maurice  was  passing,  the  2  2d  September. 

Ferdinand  came  to  the  throne  *  ut  pugnax  fulsit  rutilanti  scorpius 
axe,'  when  the  angry  Scorpio  shone  in  the  ruddy  sky,  the  24th 
October. 

Ladislas  died  '  sol  ubi  Chironis  tangebat  signa  biformis,'  when  the 
sun  touched  the  sign  of  the  two-formed  Centaur  (as  the  zodiac  sign 
Sagittarius  is  represented),  the  23d  November.  And  as  mentioned  in 
the  preceding  chronograms,  'sunt  Ladislae  tribus  lustris  annisque 
duobus  exactis,'  there  were  to  him  three  lustrums  and  two  years, 
meaning  that  he  was  17  years  of  age. 

The  apparent  position  of  the  sun  in  the  zodiac,  as  a  means  used 
some  centuries  ago  for  indicating  the  day  of  the  month,  has  in  the 
present  day  become  useless,  in  consequence  of  the  gradual  changes  in 
the  relative  motions  of  the  heavenly  bodies.  The  old  astronomers 
who  adopted  that  artificial  arrangement  called  the  signs  of  the  zodiac, 
made  practical  use  of  them,  but  now  the  positions  of  the  signs  are 
considerably  distant  from  the  constellations  which  once  agreed  with 
them.  For  instance,  the  sun  now  enters  the  constellation  Aries  at  the 
end  of  April,  instead  of  the  19th  of  March.  The  following  table  is 
that  which  was  in  use  at  and  before  the  period  when  these  chrono- 
grams were  made,  i.e.  about  the  sixteenth  century.  It  shows  the 
times  when  the  sun  entered  them,  according  to  the  observations  of  the 
old  astronomers — 

The  sun  enters  Aries  *v  March  19-21. 

„        „        Taurus         8   April,  about  20. 
„        „        Gemini        n   May,  about  20. 
„        „        Cancer        fl»  June  20-22. 
„        „        Leo  £1  July,  about  20. 

>»        »        Virgo  flJt  August,  about  20. 

„        „        Libra  **  September,  20-22. 

„        „        Scorpio       in  October,  about  20. 
„        „        Sagittarius   t   November,  about  20. 
„        „        Capricorn    ltf  December,  about  20-22. 
„        „        Aquarius     ~  January,  about  20. 
„        „        Pisces  H  February,  about  20. 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


*37 


}- 


i5*9 


580 


The  variations  of  two  or  three  days  of  the  sun  entering  the  sign 
arise  from  the  Leap-year.  It  caused  me  much  trouble  to  acquire  this 
tabular  statement,  simple  as  it  may  appear;  elementary  astronomical 
treatises  and  encyclopaedia  articles  were  searched  in  vain.  I  obtained 
it  at  last  from  a  friend  who  is  well  known  among  astronomers  and 
architects  for  his  scientific  attainments  in  each  science. 

Johannes  Burianus,  comes  k  Gutenstein,   died   7th  January 
1574,  at  an  early  age,  worthy  of  a  longer  life — 
haC  CoMes  a  rICzberg  terrA  bVrIane  Ioannes,  ) 

post  qVatVor  torpens  LVstra  peraCta  IaCes.   (i.  r.  z.)  J  "~     IS74 

Christophorus  Carolivicius,  a  knight  of  the  empire,  wise 
and  learned,  died  8th  January  1578— 

CVstoDI  bIs  qVarta  DIes  VbI  fVLget  Iano,  1  g 

fILa  seCat  LaChesIs  ferrea  ChrIstophoro.    (b.  s.  p.)  j  57 

The  Emperor  Maximilian  died  12th  January  1519 — 
CLaVIgerI  ter  qVarta  patrIs  LVX  CVrrIt  ab  aXe 
C/esar  Vt  e  VIVIs  ^MILIanVs  abIt.     (b.  s.  p.) 

Caspar  Cropacius  of  Pilsen,  poet  laureate,  piously  departed 
from  this  life  12th  January  1580,  and  was  buried  at  Meissen — 
soL  fVsorIs  aqVjB  terna  VICe  repLet  VbI  astra,  )  __ 

e  patrIa  CessIt  Caspar,  Vt  astra  CoLat.     (i.  r.  z.)         j  ~~ 

This  chronogram  can  only  be  explained  by  the  supposition  that 
the  author  required  the  reader  to  supply  the  letter  M  to  complete  the 
date  to  1580. 

Praemyslus,  alias  OttaganiS,  second  son  of  King  Wladislaus 
of  Bohemia,  died  15th  January  1230 — 

Vt  reX  e  VIVIs  prIMIsLaVs  eXIIt  aLto  )  _ 

VIsVs  erat  fVLgens  IanVs  In  aXe  bIfrons.    (d,  c.)        J 

Wladislaus,  the  eldest  son  of  Wladislaus  1.,  King  of  Bohemia ; 
died  1 8th  January  1176,  or,  according  to  other  but  less  reliable 
authorities,  11 74  or  n 72 — 

frena  Vt  septenIs  WLaDsLaVs  regaLIa  LVstrIs 
gesserIt;  hVnC  CLotho  tetrICa  sponte  neCat.    (d.  a) 
This  chronogram  makes  1185  when  carefully  compared  with  the 
original.    The  discrepancy  is  not  explained.  _y 

Anna,  or,  as   she  was  baptized,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Ferdinand, 
King  of  Hungary  and  Bohemia,  died  17th  January  1547,  at  the  age 
of  44,  after  childbirth — 
partV  neCta  CaDIt  fern  an  DI  regIa  ConIVnX, 

ter  noVo  Vt  retVLIt  IanVs  In  aLta  CapVt.     (b.  s.  p.) 
This  makes  1552.     He  either  mentions  a  wrong  date,  or  he  has 
composed  a  faulty  chronogram.     Observe  the  next  one — 

s 


1230 


i3» 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


}- 


Another. 
CLaVIgerI  ter  nona  patrIs  LVX  orta  nItebat, 
fernanDI  ConIVnX  Vt  CaDIt  anna  neCe.    (b.  s.  p.) 

Winceslaus  Korland,  Professor  of  Theology  at  Prague,  died 
at  six  in  the  evening,  ist  February  15 19,  at  the  age  of  95.   Post  ictum 
horae  sextse  nocte  vergente  in  sacrum  Purificationis  festura.    Sepelietur 
in  sede  D.  Galli  Pragae,  honesto  frequentique  funere  elatus, 
LVX  VbI  brIgItta  soLIto  DILabItVr  orbr,  )  __ 

eXCLVDIt  VlTiE,  VenCesILaVs  onVs.     (b.  s.  p.)  J  ~" 

Another. 

artIbVs  eXaCtIs  CVranDa  VerenDVs  et  annIs  \  _. 

nVnC  VIVIt  ChrIsto  ;  VIXerat  ante  LIbrIs.    (b.  s.  p.)  / 

Franciscus,  natione  Moravus,  nonnullis  Borussus,  Jureconsultus, 
died  4th  February  1541.  He  founded  a  Greek  professorship  at 
Prague. 

franCIsCVM  rapIt  hInC  LVX  febrVa  qVarta:  LegentI    )  _ 
graCa  ab  eo  praGjE  pensIo  grata  VenIt.    (1.  R.2.)  / 

Johannes  Sylvanus,  of  the  province  of  Pannonia,  died 
('vitam  suam  clausit')  14th  February  1572.  He  was  learned,  pious, 
prudent,  and  renowned.  He  printed  many  works,  'Psalmos  item 
Penitentiales,  ut  vocant,  sermone  Boemico  scriptos,  in  quibus  mens 
ejus  spirat'  The  chronogram  makes  1573,  and  there  is  no  way  of  cor- 
recting it  The  chronicle  mentions  that  in  the  same  year,  i.e.  1572,  a 
contagious  disorder  raged  at  Prague — 
bIs  septena  DIes  It  febrVa  nata,  Iohannes 
svLVanVs  terrIs  MIgrat  In  astra  plfc.    (1.  r.  z.) 

Maximilian,  Archduke  of  Austria,  was  elected  King  of 
Bohemia  at  Prague,  on  18th  February  1549 — 
aVCtVs  VbI  es  s£eptrI  tItVLo,  jeMyLIane,  paternI,         )  _ 
febrVI  LVX  CceLIs  nona  bIs,  orta  stetIt.    (i.  b.)  j  "" 

Red  Snow  fell  in  Bohemia  in  1416.  The  circumstance  and  the 
evils  attributed  to  its  presence  is  thus  described :  '  (Is  turn  fuit  dies 
Dominicus  post  festum  Divi  Petri  Cathredati  ut  vulgO  vocant,  hoc  est 
23  Februarii,)  sub  auroram,  quibusdam  in  locis  Boemiae  pluit  nive 
sanguined,  latericiique  colons,  qu&  ad  altitudinem  unius  digiti,  terra 
fuit  adoperta :  cruentum  coeli,  imb  Dei  judicium,  tempestatum, 
motuumque  bellicorum,  qui  non  multo  post,  maxima  sanguinis 
humani  profusione,  exundirunt  in  Boemia,  plurimisque  prope  conti- 
nenter  durirunt  annis.  Czykani  quoque,  colluvies  hominum  malehca, 
impura,  furax,  eodem  anno  pervagantur  Boemiam :  et  pestilentia 
simul  eidem  regno  incumbente,'  etc  Hence  the  following  chrono- 
gram— 

VentVrI  CrVor  est  pr^nVnCIVs,  ,*there  fVsVs,  )  _ 

qVo  non  trIta  prIVs,  nIX  rVbefaCta,  MaLI.     (b.  s.  p.)  J  ~" 


»S47 


iS'9 


is^ 


iS4i 


1549 


1416 


r 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  139 

Mathias,  Archduke  of  Austria,  is  born  at  Vienna  on  23d 
February  1557 — 

prInCIpe  MatthIA  erat  nato  Vt  gaVIsa  VIenna,  )  __ 

tVnC  VeLoX  LanCes  CynthIVs  aXe  petIt.     (d.  c.)  j  ~~     XS57 

Another. 

seX  VbI  ter  febrVVs  LVCes,  et  qVInqVe,  CIebat,  )  __ 

MatthIjE  CVnIs  L«ta  VIenna  CanIt.     (b.  s.  p.)  j  —     i557 

Charles  V.,  the  Emperor,  etc.,  is  born  at  Ghent,  'quae  est 
in  Flandris  urbs  magnitudine  Celebris/  on  24th  February  1500.  This 
gives  the  year  and  the  day — 

sena  qVater  L«to  febrVI  LVX  ConstItIt  astro  )  __ 

ganDaVI  aD  CVnas,  CaroLe  qVInte  tVas.    (i.  b.)  /  "     I5°° 

Charles  V.,  the  Emperor,  is  crowned  at  Felsina  (Bologna)  by 
the  Pope,  Clement  vil,  on  23d  February  1530— 
CaroL Vs  IMperII,  FELslNiE,  InsIgnIa  fortIs,  ) 

oCto  ter  febrVa  LVCe  nItente  tVLIt.    (i.  b.)  J  ""     *529 

Laurentius  Span,  doctor  of  medicine,  died  on  23d  February 
1575,  at  Zatecia  (Saaz),  about  10  miles  from  Prague.  Several  of  his 
works  are  mentioned,  'quae  nos  vidimus  et  legimus,  aliaque  non 
pauca,'  etc — 

qVI  CoLVIt  LatII  geMInas  ben&  apoLLInIs  artes,  )  = 

pro  CvtharIs,  herbIs,  en,  spanVs  astra  CoLIt.    (i.  r.  z.)  J  575 

The  town  of  Brixia,  in  Bohemia,  was  burnt,  with  400  of  the 
inhabitants,  on  4th  March  15 15.  'Bryxia  sive  Pons  oppidum  regni 
Boemiae,  tristi  et  acerbo  damnosoque  vastatum  incendio  conflagravit. 
Incubuere  eo  momento  civitati  venti  vehementes,  quae  grassantis 
flammae  incit&runt  et  adauxerunt  vires,  ut  ilia  non  in  aedes  aedificiaque 
modb,  verhm  in  homines,  tanto  tamque  inopinato  malo  ^ttonitos, 
desaeviret:  Quorum  ultra  400  utriusque  sexus  extincte  ferebantur. 
Sensit  illo  ipso  anno  similem  Lippa  in  Boemia :  Nissa  in  Silesii : 
Posonium  in  Ungarii,  incendii  calamitatem.' 
egregIvE  per  teCta  fVrIt  faX  noXIa  brIX<e,  ) 

LapsaqVe  WLCano  fVnera  MVLta  IaCent.    (b.  s.)        J  5  5 

Another. 
brVXIa  CorrIpItVr  WLCano  eXVsta  seCVnD6,  \ 

beLLonje  qVarta  fratrIs  eVnte  DIe.    (i.  r.  z.)  /  5  5 

A  comet  appeared  at  nine  at  night  on  3  Non.  Mart  1556 — 
LetaLIs  CroCeo  fVLget  paLLore  CoMetes  :  =1556 

Ostentum  petit  hoc  te,  Leo,  Roma,  Caper. 

Johannes  Michalovicius,  a  pious  man  and  learned  in  the 
law,  died  on  6th  March  1572  ;  the  first  chronogram  line  implies  that 
it  was  in  the  evening — 

LassVs  eqVos  agILes  per  pIsCes  phcebVs  agebat,  ) 

spes  patrIs,  aC  patrLe,  MIChaeLIne,  IaCes.  /  57 


140  THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 

Gregorius  de  Gelenia,  a  noble  and  learned  man,  died  7th 
March  15 14 — 

LVX  VbI  CVrrebat  MartIs  septena:  CrVento  I 

VICtVs  LVgetVr  fVnere  geLenIVs.    (b.  s.  p.)  j  "~      5  4 

Wenceslaus,  Archduke  of  Austria,  bom  9th  March  1561— 
aprICas  satVs  est,  tVnC  VenCesILaVs  In  aVras  (  _         - 

MartIVs  Vt  nonA  fVLsIt  ab  aXe  VICe.     (d.c.)  j  "  *5  ' 

Another. 
CLaVserat  aVroras  Vt  ternas  MartIVs  et  seX,  1  , 

nasCItVr  aVstrIaCIs  VenCesILaVs  aVIs.    (b.  s.)  J  ~  5 

Ferdinand  1.,  Archduke  of  Austria,  is  born  10th  March 
'503,  at '  Modina,'  in  the  kingdom  of  Castile — 

Numerate  anni. 
hesperIA  eoa  gentI  prognate  MoDIna,  etc.     (m.  c)  =     1503 

Eteostichon  ejus  sic  habet. 
reX  VbI  CastILLe  fernanDVs  nasCItVr  orbI,  )  = 

aVrea  VeLLIgerI  CornVa  phcebVs  aDIt.  j  l*  3 

The  church  of  SS.  Vitus  and  Adalbert,  in  the  'citadel' 
of  Prague,  was  restored  and  enlarged  by  Duke  Spitignevus  in  1060. 
Cuthenus  made  these  verses  to  indicate  the  several  epochs  in  the 
existence  of  this  structure — 

Fundatio.  VenCesLaVs  fVnDat  LatIo  hmC  saCrarIa  VIto.  =  923 
c^S2S*.QVi!E  preCe,  sanCte,  pIA  LiETVs,  VVoLfange,  DICastI.  =  923 
Amtutndo.  spItIneVs  profert  LapsI  poMcerIa  fanI  :  s=     1060 

Rt+aratio   HOSTE  FVRENTE  VORAX  qVm  CVM  VaSTaVeRAT  iGNls,  =       1 1 42 

>r**r"     GfiCVs  Iohannes  opVs  hoC  eXtrVXIt,  et  IpsVM     =5  1343 

Ormuur.    CaroLVs  eXCoLVIt  VarIo  reX  MVnere  et  aVro  :  =  1347 

*#£&. HiEC  VIoLat  postqVaM  WLCanVs  CVnCta  seVerVs>=  1541 

'L£SA  reforMantVr,  fernanDo  regna  tenente.         =  1555 

Qui  de  re  apud  Hagecum  et  in  Chronicis  uberius. 

Albert,  on  the  death  of  Sigismund,  becomes  Emperor,  the  second 
of  that  name,  on  20th  March  1438 — 

aVstrIa  qVeIs,  MVLtIs  prIVata  Carebat  ab  annIs,  )  =  g 

aLberto  rVrsVs  prInCIpe  sCeptra  gerIt.    (b.  s.  p.)         J  ""     I43 

Ferdinand,  the  son  of  Maximilian  11.,  the  Emperor,  is  born  at 
'  Zigdlis/  in  Castile,  in  the  year  1551 — 

natVs  qVI  feLIX  fVeras  CognoMInIs  HjEres,  ) 

soL  VbI  Lassabat  VeLLera  pVLCher  oVIs.    (d.c.)         J  ~*     I5SI 

Maximilian  I.  was  proclaimed  at  Aix-la-Chapelle  on  27th  March 
i486.  (Nonnulli  diem  designationis  habent  16  Februarii,  quod  et 
hoc  eteosticho  est  expressum  — 

jeMILIanVs  patrI  soCIatVr  honore,  CoLorat  )  _         8fi 

oCtaVo  bIs  VbI  febrVVs  orbe  poLos.    (b.  s.)  j  i4 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  141 

Martinus  Cuthenus  died  at  Prague,  'Pie  ex  hac  vita 
emigravit/  29th  March  1564.  He  was  renowned  for  his  learning. 
He  was  a  historian,  and  a  clever  writer  of  epigrams  (and  of  chrono- 
grams). '  Scripsit  complura  epigrammata  et  epitaphia,  quorum  non- 
nulla  typis  expressa  extant ;  multc-  tamen  major  pars  publicam  lucem 
nondum  vident,  lectu  digna,'  etc. 

CVthenVs,  CeLsI  feLIX  heLIConIs  aLVMnVs,  )  6 

In  bVstIs  frVItVr,  praga  qVIete  tVIs.  J  l$  * 

Georgius  Podiebradius,  '  magnificus  dominus,'  was  born  on 
the  6th  of  April  1420,  at  24  minutes  past  5  in  the  afternoon,  'post 
meridiem,'  so  says  the  chronicle — 

reLLIgIone  pIa  poDebragI,  CLare  georgI,  )  _ 

nasCerIs  aprILIs  seXta  orIente  DIe.  J  ""     l*2° 

Here  observe  that  in  the  chronogram  the  name  is  modified  so  as 
to  suppress  the  second  letter  d.  This,  perhaps,  is  allowable,  although 
the  German  name  is  twice  given  in  the  Latin  form ;  indeed  the  plain 
German  name  is  not  mentioned. 

The  University  of  Prague  in  1347.  It  is  thus  recorded 
under  the*  date  7th  April :  '  Universitas  studii  Pragensis,  fundatur, 
connrmaturque  bull£  Karoli  iv.  Aurea,  hoc  ipso  die  scripta. 

Numerale  vetus. 
eXCoLVIt  CaVto  karoLVs  pragaM  XenIo  reX.  =     1347 

(D.  Thadd.  m.  s.) 

The  town  of  Czaslavia  was  burnt  on  15th  April  1522.    The 
chronicle  thus  relates  the  circumstance :  Czaslavia  oppidum  deflagrat 
incendio,  quod  cum  pisces  in  quodam  casa  suburbana  frixissent,  est 
excitatum,  et  (ut  habet  Cuth.  and  Hag.)  neglectum,  valido  insuper 
venti  flatu  coorto,  civitatem  corripuit,  totamque  absumpsit 
Concipiunt  subitas  neglecta  incendia  vires, 
Et  dare  securis  plurima  damna  solent, 
Numerale  in  Hemistichio  priore. 
CzasLaVLe  pVLChras  CoMBVsTiE  respICe  tVrres,  =     1522 

flagrabakt  martis  paschatis  ante,  die. 

The  town  of  Brixia  was  again  (and  for  the  third  time,  as 
appears  by  the  chronogram)  burnt  on  6th  May  1578.  The  circum- 
stance is  thus  recorded :  '  Brixia  sive  Brixa  civitas  Boiemisei  terum 
incendio  insignem  patitur  cladem,  et  in  cineres  pene  collabitur;' 
Eteostichon.  (This  is  almost  the  only  instance  in  the  book  of  a 
chronogram  being  printed  as  such.) 
brIXa  rVIt  VaLIDe  VVLCanI  eXVsta  fVrore,  )  g 

InsIgnIs  faCIbVs  teCtaqVe  RVpTiE  CaDVnt.     (r  s.)       J  57 

Aliud. 
orta  VbI  seXta  fVIt  LVX  MaIo  tVnC  VICe  ternA 

tota  fer£  In  CIneres  brVXIa  pVLChra  rVIt.   (i.  r.  z.) 


}-     '578 


142  THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 

On  the  same  day,  in  other  years,  events  are  thus  quaintly  men- 
tioned. *  15 2 1.  Turns  arcis  Pragensis,  etc,  vulgb  Daliborka,  etc,  de 
ccelo  tacta,  pinnaculum  ejus,  parsque  tecti  latericii  dejecta.' . .  .  *  1539. 
Flamma  Comets  per  hos  dies  arsit  Duravit  usque  ad  Junium. 
Secuta  aestas  siccissima,  ade6  ut  sylvae,  a  radiis  solaribus  accensae, 
conflagrarint.     Incendia  crebra/  etc 

The  town  of  Glatovia  (or  Glatz,  in  Bohemia)  was  burnt  on 
1 2th  May  1579 — 

Eteostichon. 
tota  ferI:  Vt  rapIDo  gLatoVIa  sternItVr  Igne  )  __ 

In  MaIo  tItan  ter  qVater  egIt  Iter.     (i.  r.  z.)  J  "~     '^ 

Aliud  Monostichon. 
PENfc  absVMpta  rVIt  gLatoVIa  fVnDItVs  Igne.    (i.  r.  z.)     =     1579 

Aliud. 
In  CeLeres  abIIt  gLatoVIa  PiBNfe  faVILLas  \  = 

per  geMInos  CVrrens  soL  VbI  feCIt  Iter.  /  ~~     l^79 

(Caspar  Cropacius.) 

Cyprian  Leovitius,  a  mathematician  in  Bohemia,  died  on  25th 
May  1574;  his  printed  works  are  the  monument  of  his  learning — 
VrbanI  spLenDente  DIe  (sIC  parCa  ferebat)  ) 

CarpIt  Iter  LethI  trIste  LeoVICIVs.    (b.  s.  p.)  J  !^* 

The  spelling  of  the  name  is  altered  to  suit  the  chronogram,  (C  for 
t),  after  the  custom  of  old  writers,  when  needed. 

The  town  of  Iglau  was  burnt  on  30th  May  15 13,  occa- 
sioned by  drunken  revels  in  the  monastery,  as  would  appear 
from  this  quaint  mention  of  the  circumstance — '  Incendium  Iglaviae 
per  incuriam  excitatur,  ignis  prima  flamma  e  ccenobio  erumpente,  a 
qua  60  aedes  in  urbe,  et  in  praeurbio  30  domus  concremantur.  Ita 
de  anno  atque  die  chronicon  Cutheni.  B.  verc^Sturmius  habet  annum 
1523,  et  vii.  Kalend.  Junii,  cujus  ea  de  re  eteostichon  tale  est ; 
fceMIneo  perIt  IgLa  LeVes  CoLLapsa  fVrore  )  = 

In  CIneres  :  fVror  hIC  ebrIetatIs  erat.  f  5  * 

Id  nos  discrimen  lectori  discutiendum  relinquimus.' 

Conflagration  at  Prague,  on  2d  June  1541,  preceded  by 
eclipses  of  the  sun  and  moon,  a  comet,  and  excessively  hot  weather, 
the  circumstance  is  thus  quaintly  mentioned — *a.d.  1451  (is  fuit  dies 
sacram  Pentecosten  precedens)  hora  19  ab  ortu  soiis,  arx  Pragensis 
una  cum  aede  sacra  et  dimidio  Minoris  urbis,  Hradezanoque,  prop^ 
trium  horarum  spacio  tota  conflagrat,  tribus  in  locis  coorto  incendio. 
Tam  gravem  atque  luctuosam  calamitatem,  precesserunt  eclipses  Solis 
et  Lunae,  an.  1541  et  anno  1540  :  insuper  apparuit  et  Cometes  an. 
1539  fuitque  aestas  siccissima,  atque  calidissima.' 

Numerale  anni. 
nobILe  WLCanVs  CastrVM  pragense  perVrens  ) 

CorrIpIt,  et  sparsIs  IgnIbVs  aCta  Vorat.  (M.  Cuthenus.)  /         is^r 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE,  143 

Aliud  anni  et  diei. 
ConspICe  :  praga  MInor  fLagraVIt  ab  Igne  VoraCI,        )  = 
LVX  penteCostes  ante  ea  qVrtaf  VIt.  (Vitus  Traianus.)  J  l**1 

Aliud. 
WLCano  CaDIt  arX  pragensIs,  regIa  seDes,  1 

qVA  non  nobILIVs  CzeChIa  gestat  opVs.    (b.  s.  p.)  J  ~~     I**1 

Joannes  Balbinus,  longiusculb  recedens,  quod  mirum,  in  suo 
eteosticho  habet  12  Mail,  minus  rectb;  et  illud  tamen  in  gratiam 
lectoris  adscribemus ; 

InCLITA  TVRRlGERjE   CONFLAGRAT  REGIa   PRAGiE, 

qVarta  VbI  ter  MaIo  ConstItIt  orta  poLo. 
This  chronogram  makes  1473, tne  chronicle  does  not  explain  why. 

Ferdinand,  the  infant  son  of  the  Emperor  Maximilian  11.,  died 
at  Vienna  on  2d  June  1552 — 

VIX  Infans  fernanDVs,  VbI  sVperaVerat  annVM,  )  _ 

oppetIt,  InsanIs  Vt  rosa  pressa  notIs.    (b.  s.  p.)  J  ~*     I552 

Charles,  Archduke  of  Austria,  son  of  Ferdinand,  is  born 
at  Vienna  3d  June  1540 ;  the  chronogram,  however,  makes  1539 — 
faCta  DIe  terno  IVno  CanDente,  sVperba  est,  )  _ 

CaroLe  VagItV  pVLChra  VIenna  tVo.    (i.  b.)  J  -     *539 

Ernest,  the  son  of  the  Emperor  Maximilian  11.,  is  born  on  15th 
June,  at  Vienna,  in  1553 — 

Eteostichon. 
DVX  erneste,  poLI  LabentIs  ConspICIs  aVras,  )  _ 

qVInqVe  VbI  soL  trIpLICat  IVnII  In  orbe  DIes.    (d.  c.)  J  ""     ISS3 

Aliud. 
DeDIta  VbI  VIto  reCoLVntVr  saCra  VeLIno, 
ernest Vs  prInCeps  nasCItVr  aVstrIaCVs.    (b.  s.  p.) 
This  chronogram  agrees  with  the  original,  but  it  makes  1652. 

Rudolph,  son  of  the  Emperor  Maximilian  n.,  was  born  18th 
June  1552.     He  succeeded  his  father  on  the  throne — 

Eteostichon. 
IVre,  rVDoLphe,  sIbI  LaVDes  te  IVLIVs  orto,  et  )  __ 

posCIt  In  aVstrIaCIs  pVLChra  VIenna  IgnIs.     (d.  c.)   J  ""     '552 

Aliud. 
qVI  DVbII  CapVt  est  peLagI,  terr^qVe,  roDoLphVs,       )  __ 

GesarIbVs  CiESAR  nasCItVr  ortVs  aVIs.     (a  s.  p.)  j  "~     fS52 

Maria,  daughter  of  the  Emperor  Charles  v.,  and  wife  of  the 
Emperor  Maximilian  11.,  is  born  at  Madrid,  a  city  in  Castile,  on  21st 
June  1528.  ('Quidam  assignant  xi  Junii,  quod  fortasse  incuria  typo- 
graphorum  mendum  accidit.1) 

Eteostichon. 
phoebVs  VbI  ^estIVI  tetIgIsset  braChIa  CanCrI,  )  _ 

CastILIIs  Infans  est  MarIa  orta  pLagIs.    (d.  c.)  /  ""     'S28 


144 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


}- 


}- 


}- 


1528 


I550 


'575 


Aliud. 
soL  perVentIs  VbI  torrens  per  braChIa  CanCrI, 
LabItVr,  InVICto  nata  MarIa  patre  est.    (b.  s.  p.) 

An  accident  at  '  G  la  to  via,'  Klattau,  in  Bohemia.  The  fall 
of  the  roof  of  the  church  without  hurting  any  one,  on  21st  Juue  1550, 
is  thus  related — 'Sabbato  ante  D.  Joannis  Baptists,  tectum,  seu 
testudo  chori  in  templo  Glatoviensis  ad  summara  aram,  suapte  sponte 
corruit;  sed  non  cuiquam  hominum,  Dei  misericordis  beneficio, 
damnum  ei  ruina  est  illatum  ; 

CeLsa  gLatoVInI  pereVnt  fastIgIa  teMpLI,  )  _ 

hVC  VbI  VeLoCI  IVnIVs  Ibat  eqVo.     (S.  Ennius.)  )  *~ 

Petrus  k  Schvanberg,  a  baron  of  Bohemia,  a  worthy  man, 
died  24th  June  1575.    Sepultus  in  Ronspergo  suae  ditionis  oppido; 
eXVtVs  CVrIs  petrVs  shVanbergIVs  astra  )  — 

CVM  CoLIt,  agnIfero  LVX  saCra  Vate  VIget.    (i.  r.  2.)  J  " 

King  Ladislaus  resigned  the  crown  on  28th  June  1454;  the 
circumstance  was  publicly  commemorated  as  thus  described  in  the 
chronicle — '  Duces  circumjacentium  et  vicinarum  provinciarum  Pragae 
in  area  fori  Majoris  urbis  Pragensis  a  rege  Ladislao,  diademate  regio 
recens  cincto,  feudum  acceperunt :  exhibita  turn  et  varia  spectacula, 
atque  ludi  equestres,  quae  barbari  hastiludia  et  torneamenta  appellant' 
ante  petro  et  paVLo  saCra  IVbILa,  nate  phILIppo 

sortIre  IMperII,  karoLe,  frena  saCrI.    (i.  b.) 
'  Huic  renunciationi  interfuit  nomine  regis  Boemiae,  utpote  Electoris 
Romanorum  Imperatoris,  vir  illustris  Ladislaus  k  Sternbergk,  Baro 
Boemiae,  etc.* 

Ludovicus,  son  of  Wladislas,  King  of  Hungary  and  Bohemia, 
is  born  on  1st  July  1506,  between  the  hours  15  and  16.     There 
appears  to  be  a  doubt  as  to  the  exact  day — *  Cuthenus  annotat  24 
Junii,  sed  de  hoc  die  plures  chronologi  consentiunt.' 
Hemistichum  numerate  anni. 

ANTE   DIEM   NATVS.      (M.  C.)  =       1506 

Aliud  anni  et  diei. 
qVIntILIsqVe  reCens  LVDoVICVs  et  aCCIpIt  ortVs, 
hIC  satVs  In  CVnIs  CernItVr,  ILLe  poLo.     (b.  s.  p.) 

Ioannes  Hus  (sic),  the  martyr,  was  burnt  at  Constance,  6th  July 

HIS— 

VItaM  heV  ConstantI  ConstantIa  Vt  abstVLIt  hVsso, 

reLLIqVIIs  VstI  rhenVs  VbIqVe  VIget.     (i.  r.  z.) 

Observe  the  play  on  the  words  '  Hus'  and  '  ustus.'    And  see  a 

somewhat  similar  chronogram  in  Chronograms,  page  334,  and  the 

same  is  noticed  at  page  43,  ante. 

Wratislaus  k  Pernstein,  a  great  and  magnificent  baron  of 


1506 


1415 


! 

THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  145  j 


Bohemia,  Supreme  Chancellor  of  the  kingdom,  and  Knight  of  the 
Golden  Fleece,  was  born  on  oth  July  1530 — 
CLaresCente  DIe  nona  qVIntILIs  :  In  aVras  )  — 

InCLIta  stIrps  gentIs,  VratIsLaVs  aDest.     (b.  s.  p.)       J  ~"    *f53° 

Joannes  Gerson,  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  Paris,  a 
renowned  theologian,  died  on  nth  July  1429,  but  *de  die  scriptores 
variant' 

LethaLIs  ter  qVarta  DIes  VbI  spLenDet  IVLI,  )  — 

gerson  Iter  propers  CogItVr  Ire  neCIs.  j  ~~     I42^ 

The  death  of  Bartolus  in  1359  is  thus  mentioned— '  (Hunc 
annum  habet  M.  Beutherus :  aetatis  verb  46.)  6  (Oavaros)  Perusii 
Bartolus,  Saxoferratensis  Umber;  princeps  jureconsultorum  sui 
temporis ;  qui  Karolo  iv.  Caesare  vixit,  ab  eoque  insigni  argumento, 
donatus  est  leonis  bicipiti  cauda  salientis.  P.  Massonus,  B.  Sturmius 
notat  obitus  annum  1355.     (Fortassis  ex  Bapt.  Seve,  et  Tritemio.)' 

Ejus  eteostichon  tale  est. 
bartoLVs  e  VIVIs  eXIt:  qVID  restat  In  orbe?  ) 

VIVIt  honor;  DoCtI  sCrIpta  perIta  LegVnt.  j  I3" 

Wratislaus,  the  first  King  of  Bohemia,  was  crowned  at  Prague 
on  15th  July  1086,  at  19  hours  17  minutes  '  post  meridiem.' 
regIs  erat  Magno  VVratsLaVs  ornatVs  honore, 
Vt  ter  qVInta  eos  IVnII  oborta  fVIt.     (d.  c.) 

This  chronogram  does  not  agree  with  the  date  mentioned,  it 
makes  1096. 

Rudolph  II.,  the  Emperor,  was  born  at  Vienna  on  18th  July 

1552- 

IVre,  roDoLphe,  sIbI  LaVDes,  te,  IVLIVs  orto,  et  I 

posCIt  In  aVstrIaCIs  pVLChra  VIenna  IVgIs.    (d.c)  J  ~~       55 

Another. 
DVX  LVCIs  peragrat  getVLI  terga  Leon  Is 

CretVs  sVb  VItm  IVra,  roDoLphe,  CapIs.    (b.  s.  p.) 
This  last  chronogram  agrees  not  with  the  preceding  one,  nor  with 
the  date  mentioned ;  it  makes  155 1. 

Ferdinand,  the  Emperor,  died  at  Vienna,  at  six  in  the  after- 
noon, on  25th  July  1564,  the  day  of  Saint  James,  the  apostle  of 
Spain.     'Vixit  annos  61,  menses  4,  dies  14,  horas  20.      Imperavit 
annos  6.     Regnavit  in  Boemia  37,  in  Hungaria  totidem  annos.' 
ILLVstrIs  CVrIs  graVIbVs,  fernanDVs,  et  annIs,  1  , 

pVnCtVs,  IaCobI  LVX  VbI  spLenDet,  obIt.    (b.s.)         /  "     I5?4 
Defiincti,  imperatoris  pientis  corpus  deinceps  Pragam  inhumandum 
deportatur,  etc,  qui  de  re  alibi  fusius. 

Maria,  daughter  of  the  Emperor  Maximilian  11.,  was  born  27th 

July  1555— 

qVa  genItrICIs  habet  CeLebrIs,  VIrgVnCVLa  noMen,     ) 

EST  SATA  TER   IVLII   LVX   VbI   NONA   NlTET.      (r  S.)  j  555 

T 


0 


i46  THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 

Augustus,  the  august  Duke  of  Saxony  and  Elector  of  the 
Empire,  was  born  on  31st  July  1526 — 
aVgVstVs  prInCeps  VbI  nasCItVr,  atrIa  pLaVDVnt         \  6 

aD  CVnas  VIrtVs,  paX,  pIetasqVe  CanVnt.     (b.  s.  p.)    J  5 

Another. 
LVX  VbI  qVIntILIs  rVtILat  graVIs  VLtIMa  prInCeps  1  6 

nasCItVr  aVgVstVs  fLos,  VIgor,  orbIs  honor,    (b.  s.  p.)  J  5 

Wenceslaus  vi.f  King  of  Bohemia,  died  of  apoplexy  on 
1 6th  August  141 9.  The  chronicle  mentions  'apoplexii  percussus  cum 
magno  clamore  et  rugitu,  quasi  leonis,  subitb  est  extinctus,  in  Novo 
castro  propfe  Pragam,  etc 

bIs  qVater  aVgVstVs  soLes  DVpLICabat  ab  aXe,  )  _ 

Vt  reX  aD  sVperos  VenCesILaVs  abIt.'    (d.c.)  /  ~     I419 

Georgius  Wabruschius  died  on  20th  August  1565.    He  left 
the  income  of  a  portion  of  his  patrimony  for  the  benefit  of  schools  in 
his  country.     He  was  buried  at  Vienna,  in  the  church  of  St  Stephen. 
An  epigram  concerning  him  is  followed  by  '  ejusdem  eteostichon,' 
WabrVsCI  CorpVs  parVA  reqVIesCIt  In  VrnA,  )  _         - 

Mens  pIa  CceLestIs  VIVIt  In  aXe  poLI.  {  "     I5°5 

Aliud. 
aVstrIaCo  reCVbat  VVabrVsChII  CorpVs  In  VrVo 
Mens  tenet  eXCVLtjE  rVra  qVIeta  pLagje. 

(Joan.  Althomytteni.) 
The  second  chronogram  is  wrong:  it  makes  1670,  105  years  too 
much.     It  could  be  corrected  by  taking  out  the  letters  v  and  c  from 
the  name  as  it  stands  printed  in  the  original. 

Thomas  Hussinecius,  a  physician,  died  at  Prague  on  21st 
August  1582,  when  the  pestilence  was  raging  there,  and  most  of  the 
inhabitants  had  fled  from  the  place.    His  epitaph  commenced  thus — 
Vir  bonus  et  Medicus  pnestans  Husnecius  ille 

Thomas,  Pragensi  Doctor  in  urbe  manet, 
Dum  reliqui  vitant  Pestem,  curasque  reliquunt 
Unicus  is  medicd  sudat,  et  arte  juvat,  etc. 
And  at  the  conclusion  was  this  eteostichon — 
orta  sVb  aVgVsto  LVX  ter  septena,  CeLebrIs  1  _         « 

arte  thoMas  C0A,1  peste  CaLente  IaCet.    (i.  r.z.)  j  ~~     ^ 

John,  the  blind  King  of  Bohemia,  was  killed  in  the  battle 
of  Crecy  whilst  fighting.  The  chronicle  says,  '  ipse,  tametsi  privatus 
luminibus,  pro  amicissimo  rege,  propria  manu  fortiter  ac  strenufe 
dimicans,  in  acie  occumbit,'  on  behalf  of  his  friend  the  King  of 
France  against  the  King  of  England,  on  the  28th  August  1346,  being 

1  The  island  of  Coos,  where  Hippocrates  was  born ;  hence  the  epithet  Coan  is  applied 
to  the  medical  art. 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  147 

70  years  of  age.    The  chronogram  is  faulty,  because  it  makes  1396. 
It  requires  the  omission  of  the  letter  l=so. 
reX,  VbI  tVrpe  pVtas  sVa  Vertere  terga  boeMos, 
pernICIes  fVerant  angLICa  Castra  tIbI.    (d.  c.) 
He  was  cautioned  by  his  friends,  and  replied,  'Aut  ego  hodie 
victor  evadam,  aut  letho  insigni  regife  cadam.' 1 

The  battle  of  ?  a  town  in  Hungary,  on  the  Danube. 

The  chronicle  says   ('Pugna  Mogaciensis,    Mogacium    est    ut    ait 

I.  Sambucus,  in  Ungaria  oppidum  ad  ripam  Danubii  situm),  on  29th 

August  1526,  the  day  of  the  beheading  of  St  John  the  Baptist.     On 

this  occasion  Louis,  the  young  King  of  Hungary  and  Bohemia,  was 

killed  whilst  fighting  for  the  Christians  against  the  Turks — 

beLLa  tener  LVDoVICVs  aqVA  CeLeranDo  neCatVr.  (m.  c)=     1526 

Another. 
LVCe  saCra  pLeXI  CoLLo,  LVDoVICe,  IohannIs,  )  , 

tb  spVrCA  eXtInXIt  tVrCa  CrVentVs  aqVA.     (i.  b.)       /  "     I52° 

Another. 
reX,  propVgnat  VbI,  LVDoVICVs,  agrosqVe  foCosqVe,     )  _  , 

aVt  fato,  aVt  DIrIs  artIbVs  oCCVbVIt.     (b.  s.)  ]  "     I52° 

Rudolph,  son  of  Maximilian  11.,  was  declared  King  of 
Bohemia  on  6th  September  1575.  This  chronogram  in  Anacreontic 
metre,  was  made  by  Th.  M.  Lym — 

REX  PRiEPOTENS   rVDoLphVs  )   = 

roManVs,  opto,  nostras  j  "5 

Res,  Pannonas  et  ornet, 
Regatque  Deo  juvante. 

The  town  of  Tabor,  in  Bohemia,  was  set  on  fire  by  some 
wicked  incendiaries  on  7th  September  1559,  and  continued  burning 
for  two  days — 

Vrbs  thabor  InfeLIX,  teCtIs  eXtrVCta  sVperbIs,  )  = 

nat2  MarLe  sVbItIs  Censa8  rVIt  faCVLIs.     (p.  l.)        j  x"9 

The  town  of  Pesth,  8th  September  1541.    '  Pestum  a  Turcicis 
copiis  occupatum,  hactenus  Turcicae  tyrannidi  subjacet ' — 
LVX  oCtaVa  pIgrI  septeMbrIs  ab  orbe  fLVebat, 
tVrCa  VbI  pestanas  oCCVpat  aCer  opes.    (b.s.) 

There  is  something  wrong  here.  The  chronogram  agrees  not  with 
the  date  mentioned ;  it  makes  1644.  The  chronicle  was  printed  in 
1584. 

The    town    of    Buda,     on  the   16th  September  1526,  was 

1  Ich  dien,  '  I  serve,'  now  the  motto  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  was  first  assumed  by 
Edward  the  Black  Prince  on  this  occasion.  He  took  it  from  the  King  of  Bohemia,  who 
was  killed,  serving  as  a  volunteer,  as  it  has  been  expressed. 

1  The  day  of  the  Nativity  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary. 

8  Censa  pro  sccensa.. 


148 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


occupied,  through  surrender,  and  devastated,  by  Solyman  the  Turkish 
tyrant ;  the  Christian  army  under  King  Louis  having  shortly  before 
been  defeated — 

GRASSANTE  VNGARlCAS  tVrCa   VICtORK  PER  ORAS,  (  _ 

fIt  preDa  CceCIs  regIa  bVDa  getIs.  J 

At  the  same  time  the  noble  library  of  Matthias  Corvinus,  King  of 
Hungary,  containing  an  incomparable  store  of  literature,  was 
destroyed,  '  immaniter,  proh  dolor,  incensa  fcedfeque  vastata  est' 

Maximilian  II.,  Archduke  of  Austria,  on  the  20th  September 
1562,  was  crowned  King  of  Bohemia,  'cingitur  de  more,  ejusdem 
regni  Boemici  diademate ' — 

tVnC  reX  ornArVnt  sCeptro,  fVLVaqVe  CoronA 
te  bceMI,  LanCes  phcebVs  Vt  aXe  sVbIt.    (d.  c.) 

Another. 
SANCTA  PlI  PRAGiC  CeLebrant  VbI  festa  teLona, 
sCeptra  patrIs  CapIens  aMILIane,  tenes.    (i.  r.  z.) 


}- 

}= 


1526 


1562 


1562 


1576 


1575 


Rudolph  II.  was  inaugurated  King  of  Bohemia  on  20th  Sep- 
tember 1575.  'Quidam  sacerdos  Aulicus  tribus  dictionibus,  quas  hi 
Anacreontei  Th.  M.  continent  investigavit.' 

Eteostichon. 
rVDoLphVs  IMperator  )  _ 

aVgVstVs  o  paternas  J 

Opes  gubernet  haeres 
Turcas  ad  edomandos. 
Aliud. 
CzeChIa  te  sCeptrI  DeCorabat  honore,  roDoLphe,  )  = 

Vt  soL  bIs  qVInto  presserat  aXe  LIbras.    (d.  c.)  j 

As  to  the  first  chronogram,  the  'Aulic  priest'  is  one  year  in 
advance;  it  makes  1576. 

Charles  V.,  Emperor,  died  in  the  monastery  of  St  Justo  in 
Estremadura  on  21st  September  1558 — 

CaroLVs  aLeXanDro  par  aVsIs  qVIntVs,  agrosqVe  1  = 

herCVLeo  LATfe  notVs  aD  VsqVe  IaCet.    (b.  s.)  / 

Jacobus  Codicillus  died  2 2d  September  1576.  He  was  a 
physician  and  a  worthy  citizen  of  Prague. 

LVX  VbI  MaVrICIo  CVrrebat  saCra  IaCobVs  )  _ 

eXhaLat  j  VIrtVs  est,  graVItasqVe  sVper.    (b,  s.  p.)       J 

Maximilian,  the  son  of  Ferdinand,  King  of  Hungary,  married 
Maria,  daughter  of  the  Emperor  Charles  v.,  on  23d  September  1548 — 
VIsa,  DIes,  fVIt  oCtobrIs  qVjb,  nona  CaLenDIs,  1  g 

reX  InVICte,  tVo  CLarVIt  orta  thoro.  J  54 

Mathias  Lunaeus,  a  priest  of  renown  at  Nymburg  in  Bohemia, 
died,  cex  hac  vitA  emigravit,'  26th  September  1567 — 


155* 


1576 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  149 

NON  OBlT,  HOCCE  AT  ABlT,  LVNiEVs   AB   ORBE   MATHlAS, 
AC  CoLlT  ^THERIjE  REGNA   BEATA   PLAGiB.      (P.  L.) 

This  chronogram  agrees  not  with  the  date  mentioned :  it  makes 
1565,  which  is  wrong? 

Johannes  Orpheus  a  Choterina  Zatacensis,  a  learned  and 
worthy  man,  Professor  at  the  University  of  Prague,  died  whilst  the 
pestilence  was  raging  there,  on  1st  October  1542.  'This  is  his 
epitaph ' — 

Conditur  hie  tumulo  quondam  Bohemius  Orpheus 

Qui  Zatecena  natus  in  urbe  fuit 
Huic  artem  livens  invidit  Apollo  canendi, 

Hinc  ilium  telo  perculit  ipse  suo. 
Christe,  tuum  vatem  Sanctis  adjunge  poetis, 
Ipsum  cumque  sua  transfer  ad  astra  lyra. 
PRiEBVlT  orpheozaCa  CVnas,  praga  sepVLChrVM,    I 
CLarVs  VbI  Vates,  atqVe  professor  erat.  J  54 

Hermannus  Mestecenus,  a  priest,  died  2d  October  1573 — 
oCtobrIs  LVX  per  terras  aLtera  sparsa  )  __ 

MesteCIVs  CceLos,  regna  beata  CepIt.    (i.  r.  z.)  J  573 

The  town  of  Tachau  was  burnt  for  the  seventh  time  on  8th 
October  1543 — 

VIX  teMpLIs  atqVe  arCe  LeVes  fVgIentIbVs  Ignes,         ) 
oCtaVo  oCtobrIs  taChoWa  trIst^  rVIt.     (s.  s.)  J  543 

Maximilian,  Archduke  of  Austria,  son  of  the  Emperor 
Maximilian  11.,  was  born  on  12th  October  1558 — 
qVI  patrIs  atqVe  aba VI  noMen  tenet,  aVstrIaCa  hVnC  \ 
Vrbs,  >=     1558 

bIs  seXtA  oCtobrIs  LVCe  orIente,  tVLIt.    (d.  c.)  J 

Maximilian  II.,  Emperor,  died  on  12th  October  1576,  at  the 
age  of  49.  He  had  reigned  twelve  years,  and  .been  King  of  Bohemia 
twenty-seven  years.  He  was  succeeded  by  Rudolph  n.,  '  whom  we 
pray  that  God  may  long  prosper.' 

aMILIanVs  obIt  Cesar;  fLe,  teVtona  terra;  )  _  6 

CjESar  obIt;  Leges,  IVraqVe  sanCta  IaCent.    (b.  s.)      J  ~~     x" 

Sulyman  the  Sultan  of  Turkey  is  repulsed  at  Vienna  on  15th 
October  1529,  'Suliemannus  Turcicus  Tyrannus,  caesus  et  propulsatas 
a  Vienna ' — 

IDIbVs  oCtobrIs  tVrCe  fera  sIgna  tIrannI,  )  = 

faCta  prIor  beLLI  CeDe,  VIenna  fVgat.    (i.  r)  J  x^29 

Another. 
gens  aCrI  CIngIt  pharetrata  Cohorte  VIennaM  ;  )  = 

sentIt  at  aVstrIaCos  non  CarVIsse  VIrIs.    (b.  s.  p.)      J  ^29 

The  Turks  are  said  to  have  lost  80,000  men  by  cold  and  starva- 
tion. 


IS© 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


}- 
}- 


Ferdinand,  Archduke  of  Austria,  was  elected  King  of 
Bohemia  on  24th  October  1526,  at  Prague,  amidst  much  rejoicing  and 
the  sound  of  bells  and  cannons — 

Vt  pVgnaX  fVLsIt  rVtILantI  sCorpIVs  aXe,  ) 

tVnC  reX  eLeCtVs  ferDInIanDVs  erat.    (d.  c.)  J 

Venceslaus  Melissaeus,  of  Saaz  in  Bohemia,  '  olim  saceilanus 
Zatecensis,  deinde  Decanus  Lunensis,  postmodum  pastor  Bischitii  et 
Dubse,'  etc.,  died  on  26th  October  1578.  His  epitaph  commences 
with  these  lines — 

Tu  quoque  Zatecensem  sequeris  Vatslae  Decanum, 
Qui  tibi  progenitor  spiritualis  erat 
And  concludes  with  this  eteostichon — 
CLarVIt  oCtobrIs  LVX  seXta  VIgesIMa,  frater 
VatsLae  abes,  rVtILoqVe  bonVs  reqVIesCIs  In  aXe. 

Erasmus  of  Rotterdam  was  born  28th  October  1465- 
oCtobrIs  septena  qVater  LVX  fVLget  ab  aXe, 
orbIs  VbI  faCtVs  CIVIs  erasMVs,  oVat.     (b.  s.) 

Ferdinand,  the  recently  elected  Emperor,  entered  Prague  with 
much  pomp  on  8th  November  1558.  This  chronogram  marks  both 
that  event  and  the  death  of  Charles  v. — 

CaroLVs  In  CceLo,  ferDnanDVs  VIVIt  In  orbe  ;  |  __ 

pLaVsIbILI  frVItVr  Cesar  VterqVe,  statV.  j  "" 

Albert,  Archduke  of  Austria,  son  of  Maximilian  11.,  was  born 
at  Neapolis  (Neustadt),  in  Austria,  13th  November  1559 — 
DVX  satVs  eX  aLto  VIVIs,  aLberte,  CrVore, 
soL  ChIronIs  aDIt  sIgna  VbI  heLIaCI.     (d.  c) 

Another. 
eXCIpIt  Vt  ChIron,  DVCIs  In  sVa  teCta  qVaDrIgas, 
ponItVr  aLbertVs  nobILe  VentrIs  on  Vs.     (b.  s.) 

Radkowa  died  19th  November  1560.  '  Emigravit  ex  hac  vitA, 
pife  mortuus  M.  Adarous  a  Radkowa,  patria  Zatecensis,  civis  et  archi- 
grammateus  Novae  Urbis  Pragensis/ 

raDkoVIVs  tVVs  hIC,  noVa  praga,  qVIesCIt  honestIs,    )  _ 
CVI,  fceCVnDa  VIrIs,  patrIa  zaCa  fVIt.    (i.  r.  z.)  J  ~" 

Sebastianus  iErichalcus  died  in  1555,  of  the  pestilence,  at 
Prague,  '  in  domo  Caroli  iv.,'  commonly  called  the  great  college.  He 
was  renowned  for  piety  and  learning,  and  proficiency  in  the  Greek 
language. 

Eteostichon. 
VIXIt:  at  hInC  abIIt  DoCtA  graVIs  arte  sebastVs, 
ConDItVr  InqVe  tVo,  beLLICa  praga,  sInV.     (b.  s.) 

Ladislaus,  King  of  Hungary  and  Bohemia,  died  on  23d 
November  1458,  under  mournful  circumstances  thus  related  :  *  Dum 


}- 
}- 


1526 


1578 


1465 


1558 


1559 


1559 


1560 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE.  i  5  i 

Pragae  maximis  sumptibus  apparantur  nuptiae  regales,  dum  in  Galliam 
pro  sponsa  legatio  splendidissima  mittitur;  ecce  tibi,  Ladislaus 
Ungariae  et  Boemiae  rex,  florentissimus  aetate  formaque  juvenis,  hoc 
die  (qui  fuit  d.  Clementi  sacer)  hora  23  pestilentia  correptus,;Pragae  in 
regia  su&,  e  vita  emigrat;  cum  regnaret  in  Boemia  annos  quatuor ; 
aetatis  anno,  ut  Hagecus  notat,  17  et  rectfc  quidem.  Est  enim  natus 
anno  Domini  1440.  Ut  Nauclerus  et  Cuspinianus  19  minus 
rectfe.' 

sVnt  LaDIsLab  trIbVs  LVstrIs,  annIsqVe  DVobVs  1  « 

eXaCtIs,  VlTiE  fILa  reCIsa  tVa.     (d.  c.)  /  "     I45 

Charles  IV.,  Emperor  of  Germany  and  King  of  Bohemia, 
died  at    Prague,   at  the  age    of   sixty-three,   on    29th  November 

1378— 

soL  VbI  ChIronIs  tangebat  sIgna  bIforMIs,  )  =  g 

abLatVs  terrIs,  CaroLVs  astra  sVbIt.     (d.  c.)  J  ~~       ^7 

Simon  Proxenus,  a  celebrated  professor  of  law,  died  piously 
at  his  own  house  at  Prague,  on  7th  December  1576.  He  wrote  many 
works. 

LVX  IVrIs  phcebIqVe  DeCVs,  patrIjEqVe  VoLVptas  )  =  - 

CceLICoLas  gaVDens  proXenVs  Inter  oVat.     (b.  s.)       J  l*' 

Christophorus  Carlovicius,  l  eques  auratus ;  sapientii,  erudi- 
tione,  et  dignitate  clarus,'  etc.,  was  born  on  14th  December  1507 — 
LVX  CarLoVICIe  gentIs,  terr^qVe  boheM^e  )  = 

VIVIt  ChrIstophorVs  nobILe  natVs  on  Vs.    (b.  s.)  /  ~"     l*0' 

Jesus  Christus  was  born  25th  December,  according  to  this 
chronicle,  '  a.d.  a  conditione  mundi  3962  (sic) ;  anno  urbis  conditae 
753;  anno  imperii  Julii  Octaviani  29;  anno  Herodis  e.n.i.  alienigenae, 
Judaeorum  regis  36 ;  Coss.  Cosso  Cornelio  Lentulo,  L.  Calpurnio ; 
assumpta  humana  natura,  natus  est  Dominus  et  Salvator  noster  Jesus 
Christus,  Dei  filius  aeternus,  ex  Maria  semper  Virgine  in  oppido 
Bethleem  Judae  :  juxta  Micheae  propheta  vaticinium.' 
eXhaVrIt  qVa  LVCe  syrVs  VenerabILe  teMpLVM,  )  _         6 

faCtVs  hoMo  DeVs  est,  saLVa  VIrago  parens,     (b.  s.)  j  "     39  3 

This  date,  3963,  differs  forty-one  years  from  that  usually  adopted 
to  express  the  Christian  era,  viz.,  4004  anno  mundi.  It  is  in  accord- 
ance with  one  of  the  many  systems  of  chronology  or  calculation  of 
that  period  for  which  there  is  no  exact  historical  date. 

Vitus  Fayer,  Sittavensis  (of  Zittau?),  a  renowned  senator  and 
musician,  died  on  26th  December  155 1.     His  epitaph  commenced 
thus,   'Quicquid  fuit  mortale  Fayri,  conditur  in    hoc  sepulchro; 
spiritus  gaudet  polo.'    And  concluded  with  this  eteostichon — 
soLertIs  VItI  teLLVs  CapIt  aLtera  CorpVs:  )  _ 

In  ChrIstI  VIVIt  Mens  bene  nIXa  sInV.     (t.  m.)  j  i551 


*5* 


THE  BOHEMIAN  CHRONICLE. 


Jacobus   Camenicenus,  a  celebrated  preacher  and  author, 
died  at  '  Mezercii,'  on   30th    December   1565,   'pife  ex  hac  vit& 
emigravit.' 
arte  IaCobe,  potens,  CaMenICene,  gaLenI,  >  _         ^ 

MTERHM  AC   VoCIS,   PVRE  PROFESSOR,  OBlT.       (i.  R.  Z.)  >  5    5 

Finis  Ephemeridum  sive 

Kalendarii  historici. 

LA  US  DEO. 


•Das 


DAS 

A.  B.  C. 

very  curious  octavo  book  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark 
_  133 1.  a. — i,  2.)  ;  there  is  also  a  copy  in  the  Bodleian  Library, 
)as  A.  B.  C.  cum  notis  variorum  Herausgegeben  von  einera,  Dessen 
Nahmen  im  A.  B.  C.  stehet.'  Leipzig  and  Dresden,  1703.  In  two 
parts.  Under  each  letter  of  the  alphabet,  in  its  turn,  there  is  a  col- 
lection of  allusions,  alliterations,  anagrams,  chronograms,  puzzles,  and 
other  fanciful  uses  of  the  letters.  The  following  extracts  will  give  the 
chronograms,  and  show  some  of  the  other  curious  features ;  but  a 
transcript  and  translation  of  the  whole  book  would  be  required  to 
display  all  of  them.  The  book  is  badly  printed,  and  blunders  are  too 
common,  at  least  I  have  found  it  so  in  the  chronograms.  The  work 
has  very  much  the  character  of  a  chronicle.  The  chronograms  relate 
chiefly  to  events  in  the  history  of  Hungary,  and  to  the  campaigns 
which  led  to  the  expulsion  of  the  Turks  from  that  country. 

The  vowel  letters,  a  e  i  o  u,  are  sometimes  found  thus  in  old 
German  books,  and  are  said  to  indicate  some  circumstances  in  Austrian 
history  (see  my  book  on  Chronogram,  p.  141).  The  following 
extract  from  the  work  now  under  notice  will  go  far  to  exhaust  this 
particular  puzzle.     I  have  never  before  met  with  it : — 


Austriae 

Et 

Imperii 

Offensae 

Volucres. 

Augur 

Ergo 

Iste 

Ostentum 

Vesanum. 

Abundantia 

Ejus 

Intestinorum 

Ore 

Vaticinat. 

Aucupatur 

Ex 

Insidiis 

Opinabilis 

Visocaccus. 

Ab 

Extis 

Inspiciendis 

Obsidiatur 

Veneficus. 

Affectus 

Eflectum 

Impii 

Optat 

VaticiniL 

Austria 

Et 

Imperium 

Ominose 

Velluntur. 

Austriae 

Etiam 

Imperio 

Oscitanter 

Vaticinantur. 

Austria 

Effigies 

Ingeniis 

Ominosior 

Vatum. 

A.  B.  C 


*53 


Austria 

Elata 

Ingens 

Oculis 

Vatum.     solum 
Austriae. 

Austria 

Excipit 

Infestos 

Osculo 

Vates.  placabilis 

Aurum 

Examinatur 

Ignis 

Oracula 

irss. 
Veritas. 

Antiqui 

Examinatur 

Impudens 

Omen 

VaniloquL 

Austrologus 

Excutitur 

Impudenter  Ominosus 

Viennae. 

Avertat 

Execrabile 

Juppiter 

Omen 

Vatidici. 

Arioli 

Experientia 

Ineptum 

Obruet 

Vaticinium. 

Aruspex 

Exterminabitur 

Inanibus 

Oraculi 

Verbis. 

Auguralis 

Eluctatur 

Jovis 

Optima 

Volucris. 

Aquila 

Ex 

Industria 

Ominatores 

Ulciscetur. 

Alauda 

Expertior 

In 

Omnibus 

(Vaticen) 
Vaticine. 

Aquila 

Evolat 

In 

Orbem  ovanter  Universum. 

Alauda 

Ex 

Istro 

Volat. 

A  ustria 
/\ller 

in*  xtendetur 
XL  hren 

Tn 

1st 

/^vrbem 
V-/ sterreich 

\  7niversum. 
VolL 

The  five  vowels  also  occur  in  these  words — 
AcrOatErlUm.     ApObAtErlUm.     MOnAstErlUm.     Also  in  the 
name  JEhOVAh. 

At  page  190  these  chronograms  appear ;  the  first  is  on  the  coro- 
nation of  the  King  of  Hungary  on  23d  May  161 1 — 

MatthIas  seCVnDVs.  =     161 1 

Epigrams  on  the  happy  victory  at  Buda  gained  by  the  Christians 
under  the  Emperor  Leopold  1. ;  the  first  is  addressed,  '  Ad  augus- 
tissimum  Imperatorem  Leopoldum,' 

LaVrea  fer  LiETls  VICtor  LeopoLDe  trophaIs  ;  ) 

eCCe  sVbest  aqVILIs  bVDa  reCepta  tVIs.  j  "~ 

Another  on  the  same  event — 
VIVe  tIbI  IVsto  feLIX  LeopoLDe  trIVMpho  = 

VIVe  aqVILIs  superIt  bVDa  sIt  VMbra  tVIs.  = 

To  the  Most  Serene  Emanuel,  Elector  of  Bavaria — 
sIt  preCIosa1  tVIs  tVa  gLorIa  baVare  gestIs 
nobIs  eVM  est  hostes  te  sVperante  DeVs. 

To  Charles,  Duke  of  Lorraine,  by  A.  Gorlaeus — 
CaroLe  tV  Cor  habes  VICIstI  CaroLe  tVrCas 
LaVs  sonat  e  gestIs  non  MorItVra  tVIs. 

To  the  victorious  army,  both  living  and  dead— 
victores  et  victoriis  immortuos, — 
VIVIte  VICtores  aLtos  Mors  DVXIt  In  astra 
eX  pVLChro  heroVM  sangVIne  bVDa  rVbet. 


}- 
}- 

■'Ad  reliquos 


1686 


1686 
1686 


1686 
1686 


1685 
1686 


1  preCIosa  for  pretIosa.    The  chronogram  required  this  and  other  corrections  of 
misprints. 

V 


154  A.  B.  C 


1  =     1686 


On  the  vigil  of  the  assumption  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  the  Turks 
were  defeated  who  attempted  to  enter  Buda — 
VIrgInIs  AssVMPTiE  VIgILI  pIetate  piubIbat  )  6g6 

festa  saCrata  DIes  ferIa  qVarta  fVIt.  J  "" 

haC  hostIs  perIIt,  qVI  bVDaM  Intrare  parabat,  )  _       ,g6 

pro  festIs  VIgILat  VIrgo  benIgna  sVIs.1  j 

On  the  festival  of  the  decollation  of  St  John  the  Baptist  the  Turks 
were  again  defeated — 

eX  DeCoLLatIs  sVnt  faVsta  CeLebrIa  tVrCIs,  )  6g6 

qVm  DeCoLLatI  festa  JohannIs  erant.  j  ""     f 

Buda  demum  expugnatur  anno  post  1680.  sexto  s.  ter  secundo ; 
the  chronogram,  however,  makes  one  year  too  much. 
feLICIs  bVDje  VICtorIa  sCrIbItVr  annI.  I  6g 

sCrIbIte!  ter  nobIs  ILLe  seCVnDVs  brIt.  f         l     ' 

Expugnatur  mense  Septembri  die  secunda, 
si  bIs  ergo  senas  annI  sVggressero  partes 
LVX  In  septeMbrI  nonne  seCVnDa  fVIt? 
Buda  expugnatur  feria  secunda, 
ferIa  septenos  Inter  DIVrrsa  pLanetas  )  _      ^Q, 

qVa  bVDa  erIpItVr  nonne  seCVnDa  fVIt.  /  -     lW0 

Concluditur  quod  sit  expugnatio  ter  felix, 
ergo  ter  feLIX,  qVIa  ferIa  MensIs  et  annVs  )  _      6gfi 

In  trIbVs  optata  sorte  seCVnDa  notant.  j  "" 

Buda  expugnatur  die  Lunae, 

" " "    "  "       }- 

Buda  die  Lunae  capitur  armata  manu, 
Vis  graVIs  et  pIetas  tVrCas  generosa  sVbegIt.  )  _      6g6 

estne  DIes  LVnjE  ?  non  pVto,  MartIs  erat.  j  "" 

Buda  expugnatur  pauculis  horis  post  plenilunium. 
ConfeCtVs  fVerat  LVna  orbIs  tVrCa  LabasCe  (  _       ,ft, 

bVDa  tIbI  LVna  DefICIente  perIt.  J  -     l68° 

Aliud  alludens  ad  illud ;  '  Filius  accrescens  Joseph/    Gen.  xlix.  22. 
fILIVs  aCCresCens  soLI  est  tIbI  LVna  perIbIt. 
hVnC  pIa  fata  IVbent  CresCere  te  MInVL* 
Buda  capitur  eodem  die  Pontif.  Rom.  creat  Cardinales, 
pVrpVreIs  patres  ornabat  papa  gaLerIs  )  __       ,ft 

pVrpVra  IaM  BVDiB  sangVIne  tInCta  nItet.  /  ""     l68° 

Capitur  inspectante  Vezirio  Buda, 
VezIrIo  aDspeCtante  oCVLIs  est  bVDa  reCepta  )  __       , -, 

sVLtanI,  testIs  nonne  oCVLatVs  erIt?  j  ""     l686 

1  The  original  contains  a  misprint,  Vest  Is  for  festIs. 

*  This  agrees  with  the  original,  but  it  makes  1786,  and  is  manifestly  wrong ;  the  words 
quoted  are  from  the  Vulgate,  and  here  they  allude  to  the  Archduke  and  future  Emperor, 
Joseph  1. 


CLara  DIes  LVn«,  qVa  bVDa  est  Capta,  Laborat  i  ma 

protInVs  eCLIpsI  thraCIa  LVna  graVI.  *  -     ,wo 


1 


A.  B.  C.  155 

Eodem  hie  capitur  die  Buda,  quo  Solymannus  earn  intravit  anno 
1541.     Regina  Hungariae  relegata, 
Ista  DIes  nobIs  qVIa  bVDa  reVertItVr  aLba 
et  faVsta  et  festa  et  tota  seCVnDa  fVIt.1 

Nostris  insultu  jam    praevalentibus  alba  vexilla    Turcae  frustra 
exponunt, 
hostIs  VbI  nostros  JaM  VI  VIDet  Vrbe  potIrI,  )  =       6g, 

sVppetIas  paCIs  sIgna  per  aLba  petIt.  J  "~     * 

JVra  seD  effVso  tInXIt  sIgna  aLba  CrVore, 

ConCoLor  aVstrIaCo  DebVIt  esse  CoLor.2 

Buda  perdita  perdit  Sultanus  caput  Hungariae, 
bVDa  CapVt  regnI  est,  CapIte  hoC  sIbI  tVrCa  negato   )  =       6g6 
CogItVr  oppressVs  pLangere  qVoD  sIt  anCeps.  J 

Aug.  Imperat.  Boh.  et  Hung.  Rex  hab.  2  Regni  Capita  Praga  et 
Buda. 
praga  CapVt  zeChLe  est  fIDo  gLorIa  regno 

HVNGARliE  bVDa  hoC  reX  CapIt  Ipse  CapVt.8 
est  CapVt  hIC  et  IbI  a  soLIo  CapIt  hoC  et  ab  Isto 

en  CapIta  ergo  DVo  reX  LeopoLDVs  erIt.4 

Aliud  alludens  ad  bicipites  aquilas, 
praga  CapVt  regnI,  CapVt  InDe  hVngarIa  bVDa 
nVnC  aqVILa  hjeC  poterIt  CasarIs  esse  bICeps. 

Aliud  quod  exprimit  annum  ab  orbe  condito, 
regnI  hInC  praga  CapVt,  InDe  est  bVDa  DVorVM. 
sIC  gregeM  CapItVM  te  LeopoLDe  probas.6 

Vezirius  Budi  capt4  fugit, 
pro  Certo  CeCInIt  bVDa  CLangente  reCeptVs 
torpens  VezIrIVs  qVID  CanIt  ergo  ?  fVgaI. 

Veziri  premium  erit  forte  monile  sericum,  t.e.  his  reward  will  be  to 
be  strangled  with  a  silken  bow-string. 
VezIrIos  sVLtane  faVe  sIC  aCta  reposCVnt 
serICIo  CoLLVM  strIngere  torqVe  sIne. 

S.  Stephani  templum  Budae  innocuum, 

InnoCVa  est  bVDm  stephanI  speCtabILIs  jeDes.  )  =     ^g^ 

hVIC  non  tVrCa  fVrens  neC  noCVere  rogI.  / 

sCILICet  hVIC  InsIgne  tVI  est  LeopoLDe  JosephI.  )  =     l6g(5 

Vt  stephanVs  stephanI  CIngat  In  jeDe  CapVt.  J 

It  is  thus  in  the  original,  and  it  makes  1691,  possibly  wrong. 


*  This  couplet  makes  1691 ;  it  was  probably  intended  to  make  the  same  date  as  its 
companion.  There  are  many  printer's  errors  in  the  original,  some  of  which  baffle  all 
attempts  to  set  them  right. 

*  This  couplet  makes  1586.    Another  C  in  zeChLe  would  rectify  it. 
4  This  couplet  makes  1683.     It  must  be  wrong. 

9  The  date  resulting  from  this  couplet  is  a  certain  year  of  the  era  from  the  creation  of 
the  world,  according  to  one  of  the  numerous  systems  of  chronology,  but  not  that  usually 
adopted  of  4004  B.C. 


|=  1687 

}=  SS35 

}=  1687 
be  to 

}=  1687 


15* 


A.  B.  C. 


Budae  reperta  400  tormenta  {i.e.  400  cannons), 
qVaDrIngenta  tIbI  torMenta  erepta  qVerarIs? 
pLVra  tIbI  tortor  sVb  styge  pLVto  feret.    (sic.) 

Ex  his  maxima  dicuntur  iv.  Evangelistic, 
bVDa  eVangeLIIs  renoVabIs  VosqVe  qVaternIs 
prasIgnante  Deo  te  LeopoLDVs  habet.    (sic.) 

Cadavera  turcarum  injiciuntur  in  Danubium, 
oCCIsI  BVDiE  tVrGe  IaCtantVr  In  Istro 
sVLtanI  Vt  Capt/e  nVnCIa  natanDo  ferant. 

Injiciuntur. 

PROSTRATOS  BVDiE  TlNGENDo   HEBRjEVs  In   ISTRO 
BAPTlZAT  TVRCAS   QViERlTVR   AN   VaLIDe? 

esto  aqVa  baptIzans  IntentI  Verba  VaLerent 
baptIsMa  esse  nego  CVr?  qVIa  VIta  Deest. 

Pontifici  mittitur  Comes  Thuni.  e.  facere, 
hoC  erat  In  VotIs  bVDa  Vt  CaptetVr;  at  eCCe 

LiETloR  In  faCtIs  bVDa  reCepta  fVIt. 
hInC  thVn  pontIfICI  feLICIa  nVnCIa  reDDIt 

ne  qVIs  fICta  pVtet  faCta  fVIsse  probat. 

Votum  pro  Augusto  Caesare  Leopoldo, 
appreCor  hoC  faCtVM  regaLIs  Vt  aLba  seqVatVr. 
sVbsIt  et  aVstrIaCIs  thraCIa  pLena  thronIs. 

Pro  archiduce  Josepho, 
nVnC  stephanI  gLaDIVs,  tIbI  bVDa  et  sCeptra  parantVr. 
nVnC  stephanI  ornabIt  saCra  Corona  CapVt. 

Pro  Carolo  per  anagr.  sol  arcu, 
CaroLe  VIVe  tIbI  tVa  gLorIa  CresCat  et  oLIM 
soL  arCV  LVnjE  regna  sVperba  ferI. 

Ad  Budam, 
DeJICe  stVLtIfIGe  pIa  bVDa  opprobrIa  LVna 

erIge  saLVIfIC*  sIgna  beata  CrVCIs. 
eXaLtata  tVas  CrVCIs  oRnet  gLorIa  tVrres 

pr«CIpItata  per  hanC  thraCIa  LVna  MIgret. 
sIgna  CrVCIs  nVnC  ferre  bonje  sIt  Vrba  reCVsas  (sic) 

ergo  MaLa  poterIs  probra  sVbIre  CrVCIs. 

Applausus, 
JVbILa  saCra  parIt  post  tetrICa  nVbILa  phcebVs  ) 

gaVDIa  post  pLanCtVs  bVDa  reCepta  Creat.  j  = 

Here  end  the  epigrams  about  the  fortune  of  war  at  Buda.  The 
original  is  very  badly  and  carelessly  printed  ;  I  have  corrected  several 
manifest  errors.  Several  more  remain,  for  which  the  anonymous 
author  of  the  book  is  responsible.  I  cannot  venture  to  correct 
them. 


=  1631 

=  1690 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 

=  1686 


A.  B.  a  157 

At  page  195.     When  Sweden,  having  held  possession  of  the  part 
of  Prague  called  the  Kleinseite,  were  defeated  there,  the  Jesuits  of 
the  place  made  this  chronogram  to  mark  the  date — 
VTCIt   anaXagoras  (JWrngSmarcf)  proh  DVX  trVX   MoenIa 

PRAGUE.  =       1648 

In  the  year  1540  there  was  a  great  drought,  and  all  lakes  and 
ponds  were  much  reduced  or  dried  up;  thereupon  this  verse  was 
made — 
eXCICCata  LeVIs  CVr  fLVMIna  CerVe  reqVIrIs?  =     1540 

The  year  in  which  the  town  of  Zittau  was  entirely  burnt  is  thus 
marked,  InCenDIVM  zIttm.  =     1608 

The  year  of  the  ' Spanish  obedience'  in  the  Netherlands  is  found 
in  these  words — 

saVLe  qVID  Me  perseqVerIs?  =     1567 

See  Chronograms,  page  534,  and  Acts  ix.  4. 

At  page  27,  part  2  of  the  book  now  under  our  notice,  it  is 
remarked  that  some  persons  have,  by  means  of  sundry  letters  of  the 
alphabet,  assumed  the  power  to  prophesy  when  the  Day  of  Judgment 
would  happen.     The  following  is  an  example — 

Wenn  man  wird  schrieben  diese  Summ, 

VenI  VeLoX  JUDICIUM,  =     1684 


aLsDenn  Des  Wahren  Vaters  sohn 
aVszIehen  WIrD  In  seIner  Cron. 


1  =     1684 


At  page  71  of  part  2  commences  an  alliterative  'oration/  extend- 
ing over  seventeen  pages,  every  word  commencing  with  the  letter  P, 
and  entitled  papa  pariens  !  Anno  m.dc.xc.  At  page  76  this 
passage  occurs, '  paVLVs  pontIfeX  porCos  proCreat  papIstICos 
popVLos  prIMates  pLebeIosqVe  pLane  perVertentes.  =  1540 
perinde :  Putrida,  proh,  pomus  producit  putrida  poma !  Propterea 
princeps  Palatinus  prorsus  piissimus  praedictos  progrunnientes  porcos 
papales,'  etc.  etc.  The  context  refers  to  the  Pope  having  elevated 
low  and  improper  persons  to  high  dignities.  This  rather  applies  to 
Paul  iv.,  who  reigned  from  1555  to  1559.  The  date  above  men- 
tioned, 1690,  may  be  the  year  in  which  the  scurrilous  composition 
was  written.  The  chronogram  date,  1540,  comes  within  the  reign  of 
Paul  hi.,  1534-1549,  and  the  satire  may  have  been  intended  for 
him. 

At  page  264,  amongst  other  anagrams,  there  is  this  one  on  the 
Emperor  Leopold,  with  verses  and  chronograms,  as  follows — 
Leopoldus  primus  imperator  semper  augustus. 
Anagram. 
Sol  es !  Pater  gaudiorum  plurium !  spes  posterum ! 
Sol  es  leopoldus  clarus, 
Et  spes  alma  posterum ! 


\ 


153  A.  B.  C. 

Pater  Leopolde,  chains, 
Gaudiorum  plurium  1 
Vive  !  vive !  Triumphator ! 
Vive  Libertalis  Stator. 
Pater  pacis  optimus, 
Atque  terror  hostibus. 
JosephVs     LeopoLD.  J.  f.  reX    hVngarIae     eLIgItVr    reX 
roManor.  =     1690 

Anagram-chronogram. 
ah    popVLo  LVX,  et  o  LeX  gregI   fIDo  J   aMor   serenVs 
rhenI  rarI  !  =     1690 

At  page  276  of  part  2  these  miscellaneous  chronograms  are 
recorded — 

'Von  dem  Brande  zu  Greiffenberg,  aM  pfIngstDIenstage 
brandte1  greIffenberCk  as.'  =     1603 

'Und  von  dem  Brande  zu  Glogau,  MeLzer  zVnDet  gLogaV  an.=     1610 

The  year  i6ti  is  also  marked  by  these  words— 

non  ConfVnDar  In  aternVM.  =  161 1 

sIC  abeVnDVM.  =  161 1 

DoMInVs  VoCat.  =  161 1 

The  year  1643  *s  marked  by  this,  Mars  angLICanVs  VIDIt 
VICIt  VInXIt  hIspanos.  Thus  it  is  in  the  original,  but  evidently 
wrong;  the  chronogram  makes  1788.  The  book  now  being  quoted 
was  published  in  1703.  Perhaps  the  intended  date  was  1588,  and  the 
event  the  destruction  of  the  Spanish  Armada  in  that  year. 

And  these  give  the  dates  of  various  persons  and  circum- 
stances— 

rVDoLphVs,  reX  roManVs.  =  1575 

rVDoLphVs,  IMperator  aVgVstVs.  =  1576 

MatthIas  InDVperator  CoronatVs.  =  161 2 

noVa  aCaDeMIa  gIessena.     [See  Chronograms,  p.  314.]      =  1607 

DanCkeLMann  1st  Loss.  =  1701 

DanCkeLMann  bLeIbt  gefangen.  =  1701 

Some  one  having  bought  a  bottle,  or  some  such  vessel,  com- 
memorated it  by  this  inscription.  He  might  have  found  something 
more  appropriate — 

VIVIte  feLICes  DoMInI  faVtores.  =     1670 

The  disastrous  inundations  which  happened  in  Europe  in  1670 
were  marked  by  these  chronograms.  The  first  is  taken  from  Psalm 
lxxxvL  10— 

tV  es  DeVs  qVI  faCIs  MIrabILIa.  =     1670 

terrIbILIter  MVnDVs  hoC  anno  natabat  In  aqVIs.  =     1670 

1  This  chronogram  is  faulty,  because  the  letter  D  in  this  word  is  not  counted. 


A.  B.  C. 


iS9 


terrIbILIs  erat  hoC  anno  aqVarVM  InVnDatIo.  = 

InsIgnIter  MVnDVs  hoC  anno  Laborat  In  aqVIs.  = 

At  page  278  some  further  chronograms  are  given.  The  first 
relates  to  the  taking  of  Munster  in  Westphalia  by  the  French,  and 
the  second  to  the  same  event;  the  two  dates,  however,  do  not 
correspond,  and  no  explanation  is  given.  Eboanus  Hessus  is  said  to 
be  the  author — 

VIVe  MonasterIo  Capta  franCIsCe  tVLIstI  ) 

frIVoLa  pannIfICI  sVb  jVga  regIa  opes.  j  "" 

regIs  CarnIfICIs,  VatIs,  sartorIs  In  Vno  ) 

CIVe  MonasterII  VVestphaLa  faCta  Leges.  J 

The  next  refers  to  the  peasant  war  in  Germany,  the  most  pro- 
minent one  of  the  period  was  in  1524.  This  chronogram  makes 
1625 ;  and  there  is  nothing  in  itself  to  point  to  any  particular  event 
of  war,  but  it  probably  gives  the  date  of  one  of  the  wars  which  are  so 
designated  in  the  histories  of  Germany — 

et  CIVes  Ipsos  ConfVnDere  tentat  et  arCes  )  __ 

rVstICa  Vesana  ConDItIonk  Cohors.  j  ~~ 

On  the  Landgravine  Sophia  of  Hesse.    Surely  there  must  be  some- 
thing wrong  in  this  chronogram,  which  makes  only  1248 — 
hassLe  opes  sophIe  patrIasqVe  eXposCIt  habenas, 
posCere  opes  patrIas  IVsqVe  pIVMqVe  sInVnt. 

On  Henry  in.,  King  of  France,  who  was  assassinated  on  28th 
August  1589  (see  Chronograms,  p.  116) — 

CVLter  CLaVstraLIs  regI  eXItIt  eXItIaLIs,  )  __ 

VeXetVr  qVIsqVIs  MonarChIs  erIte  iEQVVs  InIqVIs.  j  ~~ 

The  next  chronogram  is  accompanied  by  this  observation,  '  the 
Bavarian  war  is  thus  noticed  by  Sleidan  the  historian.' 
CaptVs  erat  gaLLVs:  CoeVnt  CVM  rVre  Cohortes.  = 

This  is  given,  but  without  any  particular  application.    See  Chrono- 
grams, p.  529.     The  words  are  adapted  from  Luke  xxiv.  29 — 
bLeIb  beI  Vns  Denn  es  WIL  abenD  WerDen.  = 

The  following  is  said  to  mark  the  date  when  Frederic  v.  met  with 
some  losses  in  battle  at  Prague.     The  precise  events,  however,  are 
not  explained,  and  the  chronogram  points  to  none — 
tIbI     CherVbIn     et     seraphIn     InCessabILI     VoCe     pro- 
CLaMant. 

The  same  chronogram  is  given  in  Chronograms,  pp.  196,  224. 
Any  event  of  the  year  15 17  might  be  marked  by  it. 

At  p.  141  of  part  2  there  is  the  following  specimen  of  acrostic 
hexameter  verse  on  the  name  iesus,  in  the  style  occasionally  to  be 
met  with  in  books  from  the  German  press.  The  two  concluding 
hexameter  and  pentameter  Leonine  verses  have  no  apparent  connec- 


1670 
1670 


iS4o 
iS35 


1625 


1589 

1525 
1578 


=     1517 


\ 


160  A.  B.  C. 

tion  with  them.     They  are  said  to  relate  to  Frederic  i.,  King  of 
Denmark,  whose  name  is  made  by  the  conspicuous  capital  letters — 

Inter    cuncta    micans    lgniti     sidera    coell 
llfxpellit    tenebras    tL  toto  Phoebus  ut  orbli 
Oic  caecas  renovat  lcbUb  caliginis  umbra o 
Vivicansque    simul     Vero    prsecordia    motuv 
Jolera    justitiae     oese  probat  esse  beati^D 

It.  FREmit  in  mundo  DEprimit  alta  profundo 
RIgidum  flectit  CUSpis  mucroque  plectit. 
i.  e.  As  Phoebus,  shining  among  all  the  stars  of  heaven,  drives  away  dark- 
ness from  the  whole  world,  so  does  JESUS  repair  the  blind  shadows  of 
darkness,  and  vivifying,  at  the  same  time,  the  heart  with  a  true  impulse, 
proves  himself  to  be  the  Sun  of  Righteousness  to  the  blessed. 

Frederic  goes  about,  he  rages,  he  brings  down  to  the  deep  the  lofty 
things  that  are  in  the  world ;  the  spear  bends  the  stubborn  one,  the  point 
punishes  him.  These  translations  are  offered  with  some  hesitation, 
especially  the  latter  one.  The  degree  of  clearness  which  should  be 
present  in  an  ordinary  Latin  composition  is  here  sacrificed  to  the 
necessity  of  the  acrostic,  and  obscurity  is  the  consequence. 

Among  other  curious  conceits  in  the  book,  there  are  examples  of 
the  number  of  changes  to  be  made  by  a  certain  set  of  words  (at  p.  210), 
such  as '  Lex,  Grex,  Rex,  Res,  Spes,  Jus,  Thus,  Sal,  Sol, 
{bona)  Lux,  Laus,  ||  Mars,  Sors,  Fraus,  Fex,  Styx,  Nox, 
Crux,  Pus  (mala),  Vis,  Lis.9  These  are  said  to  produce 
39,916,800  changes.  These  words  read  as  two  hexameter  lines,  by 
dividing  them  where  the  bars  are  inserted.  The  first  is  a  catalogue 
of  good  things,  the  second  of  bad. 


A  similar  treatment  of  the  alphabet  is  seen  in  another  curious  little 
jt\^  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark  12315.  a.  21).  'Gepfliickte 
Fincken,  oder  Studenten-Confect,  auffgetragen  in  zwoen  trachten, 
Jede  von  100  Gerichten,'  eta  etc.  'Abcdefghiklmnopqr 
s  ss  t  u  w  x  y  z.     Im  Jahr — 

bezahL  DV  MICh  nVn  Itzt  fVr  baar.'  =1667 

Published  at  Franckenau.     120. 


A.  B.  C. 


161 


There  are  no  more  chronograms.     But  the  book  contains  much 
curious  matter,  and  occasionally  some  quaint  verses,  such  as  at — 
P.    89.  Qui  bona  vina  bibunt  vates  bona  carmina  scribunt 
P.  128.  Dura  bibo  ego  vinum  loquitur  mea  lingua  Latinum 

Dum  stippo  (bibo)  bis  vel  ter,  sum  qualibet  arte  magister. 
P.  166.  Si  quis  dat  mannos,  non  quaere  in  dentibus  annos. 
P.  196.  Alphabetum  muliebre,  in  quo  raalae  mulieres  perstringuntur. 


Avidum  animal. 
Bestiale  barathrum. 
Concupiscentia  carnis. 
Damnosum  duellum. 
^Estuans  aestus. 
Falsa  fides. 
Garrulum  guttur. 
Hevinniis  annosa  (sic). 
Invidiosus  ignis. 
Calamitatum  chaos. 
Lepida  lues. 


Naufragii  nutrix. 
Opifex  odii 
Prima  peccatrix. 
Quietis  quassatio. 
Ruina  regnorum. 
Silva  superbiae. 
Truculenta  tyrannis. 
Vanitas  vanitatum. 
Xanthia  Xerxis. 
Ymago  idolorum. 
Zelus  zelotypum. 


Monstrosum  mendacium. 

Qui  capit  uxorem,  capit  absque  quiete  laborem, 
Longum  languorem,  Lachrymas,  cum  lite  dolorem. 
The  engraved  frontispiece  represents  a  lady  and  three  men  seated 
at  a  feast  The  book  is  catalogued  by  all  the  letters  of  the  alphabet 
as  they  occur  at  the  foot  of  the  title-page.  There  is  no  author's  name. 
The  subject  is  a  collection  of  students'  pseudo-philosophical  talk, 
enigmas,  equivoques,  and  puzzles,  at  a  supposed  festive  table,  in  a 
mixture  of  the  German  and  Latin  languages. 


EMPERORS   OF  GERMANY. 


|Y  former  work  contains  a  large  amount  of  chrono- 
grammatic  '  applause '  offered  to  some  of  the  German 
Emperors,  enough,  I  imagined,  to  exhaust  that  part  of 
my  subject  Further  research,  however,  has  brought  to 
my  notice  so  much  more,  that  I  am  induced  to  think 
there  is  yet  more  in  existence  worth  searching  for.  The  discovery 
of  all  that  I  have  already  put  into  print  was  gradual  and  unexpected, 
and  obtained  from  books,  etc.,  more  or  less  scarce  or  hidden  away  in 
libraries.  It  is  so  also  with  all  that  will  form  the  present  chapter ; 
and  it  is  only  with  the  aid  of  a  friend  who  loves  old  books  that  I  am 
enabled  to  make  known  much  of  what  follows  concerning  the 
German  emperors. 

I  commence,  in  order  of  date,  with  the  Emperor  Leopold  I.  It 
is  evident  from  the  chronograms  that  he  was  married  three  times,  a 
fact  that  I  could  not  fully  confirm  by  reference  either  to  the  leading 
biographical  dictionaries,  some  historical  works,  or  to  encyclopaedia 
articles.  This  caused  me  some  trouble.  At  length  I  found,  at  p.  463 
of  that  huge  volume,  Anderson's  Royal  Genealogies^  among  the  com- 
plex pedigrees  and  tables  of  genealogy,  the  following  particulars, 
which  will  be  found  useful  to  elucidate  the  chronograms  : — 

Leopold  Ignacius,  emperor,  was  born  in  1640,  elected  emperor  in 
1658,  died  in  1705. 

He  married,  first,  Margaret  Theresia,  the  Infanta  of  Spain,  on 
1 2th  December  1666.  She  died  on  12th  March  1673,  aged  twenty- 
two  years. 


LEOPOLD  L  EMPEROR.  163 

He  married,  secondly,  his  cousin,  Claudia  Felicitas,  on  15th 
October  1673.    She  died  on  8th  April  1676,  aged  twenty-three  years. 

He  married,  thirdly,  Eleanora  Madelene  Theresia,  on  14th 
December  1676.    She  died  19th  January  1720,  aged  sixty-five  years. 

A  volume  which  I  met  with  in  the  town  library  of  Frankfurt-on- 
/\  Main  (press-mark  e.  199. — 40),  lettered  on  the  back  'J.  A. 
Pastorii  Lauras  Actorum  publicorum/  is  a  collection  of  political 
tracts  on  events  in  the  east  of  Germany  and  Hungary  in  the  seven- 
teenth century.  The  only  chronograms  therein  relate  to  the  emperor 
Leopold  1.  and  his  election  in  1658.     They  are  contained  in — 

Tract  No.  27,  by  Petrus  k  Streithagen,  entitled,  '  Electio  Leopoldi 
Austriaci,'  etc.  On  the  back  of  the  title-page  is  this  '  chronodistichon ' 
of  the  year  of  his  election  as  emperor — 

O   BONA   FATA  ORBlS  !   LATlAS   LEOPOLDVs   HABENAS  )   _         ,    « 

obtInet,  et  spreto  prospera  Marte  parat.  ]         l  * 

Tract  No.  30  (without  author's  name  or  imprint)  contains  these 
chronograms,  which  are  followed  by  a  set  of  epigrams  founded  thereon. 
The  first  set  of  chronograms  forms  the  title  of  the  tract. 

DeLICIVM  orbIs  :  =     1658 

hoc  est 

soL  IMperII  Leo-  )  ,.  « 

-poLDVs,  f=     l6*8 

DeI  gratIA  eLeCtVs  IMperator  :  =1658 

freMente  LICet  InVIDo,  =     1658 

et  invito 

pseVDopoLItICIsMo,  =     1658 

Cesar  Ver£  aDMIrabILIs  :  =1658 

et 
Vera  IDea  CaroLI  MagnI  :  =3     1658 

GbsarI,  et  oCto  CjesarIs  eLeCtorIbVs  }  This  chronogram  is  sic 
ConseCratVM.  >in  original.     It  makes 

m.dc.lviii.  J  1663,  a  manifest  error. 

On  page  3.     Epigramma  in  primum  chronologicum — 

DeLICIVM  orbIs.1  a     1658 

This  phrase  is  combined  several  times  with  the  words  of  the 
epigram  which  follows  it 

On  page  4.     The  second  epigram  has  this  title — 

soL  IMperII  LeopoLDVs.  =     1658 

This  phrase  is  in  like  manner  combined  with  the  epigram. 

On  page  5.     The  third  epigram  has  this  title  and  combinations — 

DeI  gratIa  eLeCtVs  IMperator.  =     1658 

1  Observe  that  this  and  the  six  following  chronograms  are  the  same  as  those  which 
compose  the  title-page  to  the  tract  The  last  one  is  not  the  same  as  the  last  one  on  that 
page. 


164 


LEOPOLD  I.  EMPEROR. 


On  page  6.    The  fourth  epigram  has  this  title,  etc — 

freMbnte  LICfeT  InVIDo.  =     1658 

On  page  6.    The  fifth  epigram  has  this  title,  etc — 

pseVDopoLItICIsMo.  =     1658 

On  page  7.    The  sixth  epigram  has  this  title,  etc — 

Casar  VERk  aDMIrabILIs.  =     1658 

On  page  8.    The  seventh  epigram  has  this  title,  etc. — 

Vera  IDea  CaroLI  MagnI.  =     1658 

On  page  8,  and  last,  the  tract  concludes  thus — 
*  Vaticinium  chronologicum '  (on  Psalm  lxxi.  7,  Vulgate  Version.) 

orIetVr  In  DIebVs  hVTVs  DIVI  aVgVstI  nostrI,        )  6  g 

IVstItIa  et  abVnDantIa  paCIs.  J  5 

The  words  of  the  Vulgate  Version  are,  '  Orietur  in  diebus  ejus 
justitia  et  abundantia  pacts  donee  auferatur  luna.'  The  English  Bible 
version,  lxxiL  7,  is, l  In  his  days  shall  the  righteous  flourish  ;  and  abund- 
ance of  peace  so  long  as  the  moon  endureth.' 

I  obtained,  in  Germany,  a  broadsheet  applauding  the  marriage  of 
the  emperor  Leopold  1.  and  Margaret  of  Spain  in  1666.  The 
size,  including  the  ornamental  border,  is  20  inches  by  15  J.  It  is  pro- 
bably very  rare.  I  therefore  present  the  reader  with  the  accompany- 
ing facsimile  (on  a  reduced  scale),  only  a  slight  notice  of  the  contents 
is  consequently  needed.  The  emblematical  engraving  contains 
several  complimentary  inscriptions,  alluding  to  the  defeat  of  the 
Turks  before  Vienna  and  in  Hungary.  Two  of  them  are  chrono- 
grams. There  is  also  a  chronogram  in  the  printed  heading,  and  one 
at  the  foot,  which  is  also  a  trifling  anagram,  hardly  more  than  a  trans- 
position of  words.    They  are  as  follows  : — 

anno  DoMInI  saLVatorIs  IesV  ChrIstI. 
i.e.  The  festivities  carried  on  at  Vienna  on  December,  in  the  year 

of  our  Lord  and  Saviour  fesus  Christ.  Observe  that  the  day  of  the 
month  is  omitted.  The  sheet  must  have  been  issued  in  anticipation 
of  the  event,  or  my  copy  is,  perhaps,  an  *  early  proof.' 

saLVe  aVstrIaCa  DoMVs.  = 

Io  aVe  jEthbrIs  fILIa  DoMVs  hIspanICa.  = 

i.e.  Hail  I  O  house  of  Austria.—  Welcome  I  O  Spanish  daughter  of  the 
heaven-descended  house. 

LeopoLDo  LVX  MargarIta  =     1666 

MARGARlTiE   LVX  LeOPOLDe.  ss       1666 

i.e.  O  Pearl  (Margaret),  a  light  to  Leopold. 
O  Leopold,  the  light  of  the  Pearl  (Margaret). 


=     1666 


1666 
1666 


A  boor  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1315.  k.),  folio,  has  this  title, 
'  Fiirsten-Spiegel,  oder  Monarchia  dess  hochloblichen  Ertz- 
hauses  Oesterreich.'  By  Johann  Jacob  von  Weingarten.  Prague, 
1673.     The  narrative  is  in  German,  an  historical  compendium  of  the 


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^:^ 


LEOPOLD  L  EMPEROR.  165 

acts,  etc.,  of  the  German  emperors,  kings  of  Bohemia,  and  other 
potentates  of  the  house  of  Austria.  It  is  dedicated  to  the  emperor 
Leopold  1. 

At  page  31,  the  assassination  of  Wenceslaus  in.,  king  of  Bohemia, 
is  narrated.  His  conduct  had  caused  him  to  be  hated  by  his  subjects. 
He  was  assassinated  at  Libyssa  (Ghebseh)  by  Conrad  de  Possenstein 
in  1306,  and  died  without  posterity,  the  last  direct  male  descendant 
of  the  dynasty  of  Prsemyslus.  The  date  is  thus  given — 
eheV!  non  sICCo  sICarII  ferro  In  VenCesLao  III.  ) 

LIbVssjeL  e  rVstICo  posterL  Inter  qVos  prInCIpes  XXIIII.  >  =     1306 
reges  VH,Interreges  XIII.erant.  IIII.  aVgVstI  DesIerVnt.  J 

.  At  page  57  the  'blind  Wenceslaus'  is  mentioned  as  having 
founded  a  church,  and  various  dates  are  given  by  the  following 
chronograms,  which  are  not  otherwise  explained.  They  are  possibly 
the  dates  of  events  connected  with  the  church,  such  as  falling  down, 
destruction  twice  by  fire,  and  its  subsequent  restorations — 

VenCesLaVs  fVnDat  LatIo  hmC  saCrarIa  VIto  J  ~ 

qVjr  preCe,  sanCte,  pIa  LjetVs  WoLfgange  DICastI1  =  11 28 

spItIneVs  profert  LapsI  poMerIa  fanI  =  1060 

hoste  fVrente  VoraX  qVm  CVM  VastaVerat  IgnIs.  =  1042 

CceCVs  Ioannes  opVs  hoC  eXtrVXIt  et  IpsVM.  =  1343 

CaroLVs  eXCoLVIt  VarIo  reX  MVnere  et  aVro  =  1347 

haC  VIoLat  postqVaM  WLCanVs  CVnCta  seVerVs,  =  1541 

Lasa  reforM atVr  fernanDo  tenente.  =  1555 

At  page  443,  the  death  of  Ferdinand  in.,  as  king  of  Bohemia, 
Duke  of  Austria,  and  Emperor  of  Germany,  is  thus  dated  (Bohemia 
having  become  united  to  Austria  under  this  sovereign) — 

ferDInanDVs  III.  APRIL.  II.  \ 

posItIs  trIbVs  CoronIs,  et  sCeptro  totVpLICI, 
non  IngLorIVs, 
qVIa 
pIetate  et  IVstItIA, 
CceLos  IntraVIt. 
i.e.  Ferdinand  the  Third,  on  the  second  day  of  April,  three  crowns  having 
been  put  on  him,  and  the  like  number  of  sceptres,  gloriously,  because  by 
his  piety  and  justice,  entered  the  heavens. 

A  complimentary  inscription  to  his  successor  Leopold  1.  con- 
cludes thus — 

Occidit  quidem,  sed  oritur  iterum 
In  LeopoLDo  prIMo  refVLgens  =     1657 

orbis  universi 

DeLICIVM.  =     1657 

He  died  indeed,  but  rises  again  in  Leopold  the  First,  the  shining  light  of 
the  universal  globe. 

1  By  counting  again  the  words  CceCVs  which  precedes  the  first  line. 


1657 


166  LEOPOLD  I.  EMPEROR. 

The  second  part  of  the  volume  has  this  title  and  dedication — 
'  Monarchic  Austriacse  pars  altera,' 

TER  AVGVSTiE 

CLaVDLb  feLICItatI 

LeopoLDI  feLICIanI  }*=     1673 

SPONS-fi 

saCra. 


aVe  CLaVDIa  IMperatrIX  =     1673 

Archidux  Austriae  (etc.) 
Augustissimae  domus  Austriacas  felicitas  (etc.). 
The  dedication  goes  on  to  extol  the  empress,  Claudia  Felicitas 
(the  second  wife  of  Leopold),  through  two  handsomely  printed  pages, 
declaring  that  she  possessed  every  known  virtue,  for  which  a  long  list 
of  historical  personages  there  mentioned  were  individually  remark- 
able.    The  volume  concludes  with  this  greeting  to  the  emperor —    * 

VIVat  gLorIosVs  LeopoLDVs  IMperator.  =     1673 

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA 

A  rare  tract,  published  at  Ghent  in  1685,  belonging  to  the  Rev. 
Walter  Begley,  consists  of  only  four  pages  40,  and  relates  to  the 
emperor  Leopold  1.,  and  the  successful  war  which  he  carried  on  against 
the  Turks  in  eastern  Europe.  The  title  commences  thus,  '  Observa- 
tions Anagrammaticse  et  chronica  circa  felices  progressus  Belli 
Austriaci  ad  versus  Turcam  anno  1685  Sacra  Cassareae  Majestati 
oblatae.'  The  author's  name  is  Gulielmus  vanden  Eede,  of  the  Society 
of  Jesuits  at  Brussels,  a  celebrated  writer  of  anagrams. 

The  leading  feature  is  a  chronogram  relating  to  the  reverses  sus- 
tained by  the  Turks  at  the  rivers  Danube  and  Drave,  in  Hungary. 
The  chronogram  consists  of  33  letters,  and  is  the  '  program '  on  which 
eleven  other  chronograms  are  formed,  by  using  all  the  same  33  letters, 
or,  in  other  words,  eleven  anagrams  are  formed  on  one  and  the  same 
'  program.1  It  must  be  a  task  of  considerable  difficulty  thus  to  use  in 
each  sentence  only  the  same  letters,  and  to  produce  by  that  means  so 
many  sentences  strictly  applicable  to  the  same  subject.  The  numeral 
letters  are  the  same  in  all,  and,  of  course,  they  make  the  same  date. 
The  sentences  are,  however,  somewhat  crabbed  to  translate.  To  this 
combination  the  term  '  chron-anagram '  is  given.  They  are  as 
follows — 

Programma  Chronicum,  in  quo 
it  Christianus  loquitur :  Turca  respondet :  Ji 

//        I    tUrCa,    IstrUM    ebIbe  ;— sat  VaLIDI:  eXhaUsL         =     1685   // 
i.e.  The  Christian  speaks :  Go,  thou        The  Turk  answers:  Enough/ 
Turk,  and  drink  the  Danube.  I  have  throughly  drunk  of  it 

On  this  '  program '  the  eleven  chron-anagrams  are  composed. 


LEOPOLD  L  EMPEROR.  167 

aUt,  si  sItI  CaLes  :  bIbe  et  eXhaUrI  DraVUM.  =     1685 

i.e.  Dost  thou  burn  with  thirst  ?  drink  up  the  river  Drave. 

The  foregoing  chronograms  relate  to  the  losses  sustained  by  the 
Turks  by  drowning  in  these  rivers.     The  next  is  said  to  relate  to  the 
flight  of  the  Turkish  general  ( Serasquierus '  at  the  town  and  lake  of 
1  Essexius,'  where  the  losses  were  '  innumerable ' — 
VIDI,  et  esseXII  LaCUs  tUrbaM  haUrIebat.  =     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  which  relates  to  the  flight  of  Ibrahim 
Pasha  and  the  Turkish  army — 
IbrahIM  bassa  DeIeCtUs  VIVIt;  re  eXULat.  =     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  relating  to  the  embassy  of  '  Ahmet 
Sclebi,'  with  a  letter  to  the  Emperor  proposing  peace,  which  was 
rejected — 
ahMet  sCLebI  DUX  VIsA  re,  abIIt  aUrIatUs.  s=     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  which  foreshadows  the  fate  of 
Ibrahim  Pasha — 
hAC  eXaLtatUs  restI  UbI  Vis,  breVIa  DIeM.  =     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  which  alludes  to  an  Austrian  pro- 
verb, that  Providence  affords  help  to  the  Emperor  and  his  armies 
when  in  great  need  of  it — 
est  re  aUstrIaCUs;  habebIt  aUXILIUM  DeI.  =     1685 

From  the  preceding  chron-anagram  one  is  formed  in  which  the 
Emperor  speaks  to  Hungary,  referring  to  a  Papal  Bull  of  Innocent  xi., 
about  the  holy  name  of  the  Virgin  Mary — 
sUbsIDIa  tUa  JesU  Mater  CLar*;  eXhIbUIt.  =1685 

From  this  again  is  formed  another,  in  which  the  Emperor,  in  imita- 
tion of  St  Stephen,  king  of  Hungary,1  in  gratitude  for  assistance  from 
the  Virgin,  confirms  the  dedication  to  her  of  his  inheritance — 
sIC  te  (UbI  eX  UsU)  saLVabIt  haereDItateM.  =     1684 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  in  which  Pope  Innocent  xi.  ex- 
presses his  mind  in  the  words  of  Psalm  xcvii  1,  Vulgate  Version — 
saLVaVIt  sIbI  DeXtera  eIUs,  et  braChIUM.  =     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  next,  alluding  to  certain  conjectures  about 
*  the  great  Lord  of  the  Ottoman  Porte,'  the  affairs  of  Turkey,  and  to 
Balaam  in  the  Bible  narrative — 
hIC  VIr  a  se,  et  a  sUbDItIs  MaL&  VeXabItUr.  =     1685 

From  this  is  formed  the  final  chron-anagram,  a  conjecture  about 
the  fate  of  the  supreme  Lord  of  the  Turks,  and  of  his  armies — 
ab  His  aCIe,  arMIs,  VItA  eXUtUs  DeLebItUr.  =     1685 

The  author  adds  thereto  this  pious  remark,  ( Utinam  potius  con- 
vertatur  et  vivat '    ue.  I  wish  rather  that  he  may  be  converted  and  live. 

This  singular  tract  concludes  appealing  to  the  reader's  patience, 
and  giving  the  name  of  the  author,  etc  '  Ad  benevolum  lectorem, — 
Patienter  concinnata  patienter  lege, — Quae  Amicorum  postulatu,  supe- 

1  Saint  Stephen,  Duke  of  Hungary,  in  the  year  1000,  established  the  Roman  Catholic 
religion,  and  received  from  the  Pope  the  title  of  Apostolic  King,  still  borne  by  the  Emperor 
of  Austria  as  King  of  Hungary. 


168  LEOPOLD  L  EMPEROR. 

riorum  permissu,  in  lucem  dabat  P.  Guil.  vanden  Eede,  Brux.  Soc. 
Iesu.  Sac  Prostant  Gandavi,  Typis  Henrici  Sactrcuwer,  via  vulgb 
(Brabant-straet)  dicti  suo  signa  Albae  Columbae,  1685.' 


A  thin  folio  volume,  printed  at  Augsburg  (British  Museum,  press- 
mark 564.  g.  24.),  bears  this  title — 

TRIUMPHUS  NOVEM  S&CULORUM 
Imperii  Romano-Germanici, 
Carolo  Magno,  augustissimo  Romanorum  Imperatori,  etc 
By  Antonius  Bomer,  of  the  Society  of  Jesus.    No  date  on  title-page. 
There  are  ten  large  and  exceedingly  fine  engravings,  representing 
triumphal    structures,    adorned    with  a  profusion  of  emblematical 
statuary  and  ornaments  with  inscriptions,  in  honour  of  religion  and 
various  of  the  (German)  Roman  emperors,  accompanied  by  eulogiums 
in  Latin,  from  Charlemagne  down  to  Charles  vi.,  at  the  date  1725. 
The  work  was  composed  to  do  special  honour  to  the  last-named 
emperor.    The  engravings  are  by  John  Andrew  Pfeffel,  an  artist  of 
celebrity  at  Vienna,  and  are  worthy  in  every  respect  of  being  repro- 
duced in  facsimile.    They  do  not,  however,  contain  any  chronograms. 
Leopold  1.  (the  father  of  Charles  vi.)  is  the  only  one  of  the 
emperors  who  is  eulogised  in  chronograms.    The  composition  is  as 
follows : — 

LEOPOLDO  MAGNO, 

Imperatori  jubikeo,  victorioso,  pacifico, 

virtutum  et  sceculorum  compendio 

Dithyrambus  sacularis. 

aCCeDat  aMcena  =  1700 

CantanDo  CaMcena;  =  1700 

L/ETA  CLangat  granDe  noMen,  ss  1700 

paCe  Constans  proDat  oMen.  =  1700 

Canora  faMa  sCanDat,  =  1700 

proMpta  DoCto  neCtare;  =  1700 

aC  Magna  faCta  panDat  =  1700 

De  MonarCha  Gesare.  =  1700 

hoC  MoDerante  sCeptra,  =  1700 

teMpora  Cessant  pLena  DoLore;  =  1700 

teMpora  fLorent  pLena  DeCore.  =  1700 

neMpe  CceLo  Dante  teLa  =  1700 

aD  reCepta  Marte  beLLa,  =  1700 

peCtore  I^agno  DeCertare,  =  1700 

aC  othoManos  DebeLLare,  =  1700 

GaDere  thraCeM,  =  1700 

ConDere  paCeM  =s  1700 

DECEBAT  CiESAREM.  =       1700 


JOSEPH  I.  EMPEROR.  169 

MonarCha  LeopoLDe,  =  1700 

soL  Mente,  Leo  CorDe!  =  1700 

saCra  DoCente  norMA  ==  1700 

Deo  Cohortes  CoMparas;  =  1700 

beLLans  DeCente  forMA  =  1700 

sCythas  rapaCes  eDoMas.  =  1700 

CjESAr  Magne,  Deo  Chare;  =  1700 

il*Mo  Lege  Data  CLare;  =  1700 

LiETA  Mente  CeLebranDe,  =  1700 

seMper  paCe  CoronanDe!  =  1700 

sCeptra  pr^nDe  MeLLea,  =  1700 

beLLa  DeMe  feLLea,  =  1700 

paCata  ConDe  teMpora.  =  1700 


►  ^>  <*>  <*>  <*>  <*>  ^>  <*>  <*>  <*>  <*>  <*>  <*>  ^>  <^>  ^>  <*>  <*> * 


JOSEPH  L  EMPEROR. 

THE  Emperor  Joseph  1.,  son  of  the  Emperor  Leopold  1.,  came 
to  the  imperial  throne  of  Germany  in  1705,  after  the  death  of 
his  tather.  He  had  a  fair  share  of  chronogrammatic  addresses  in  his 
time.1  To  him  was  given  the  title  of  King  of  the  Romans  and  of 
Hungary  before  he  became  Emperor,  and  as  such  he  is  addressed  in  an 
elaborate  Latin  poem  in  chronogram  by  the  doctors  and  poets  of  the 
University  of  Gratz,  in  a  rare  tract  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter 
Begley,  bearing  this  title,— < HERCULES  AUSTRIACUS,  sive 
Josephus  1.  augustus  Romanorum  et  Ungariae  rex  versu  chronostico 
adumbratus,  et  honbri  illustrissimorum,  perillustrium,  reverendorum, 
religiosorum,  praenobilium,  nobilium,  ac  eruditorum  Dominorum 
Dominorum  neo-baccalaureorum  cum  in  Alma,  ac  Celeberrimd. 
Universitate  Graecensi  prima  philosophise  laurea  condecorentur. 
Promotore,  R.  R  Francisco  Hochenburger,  e  Soc  Jesu,  AA.  LL.  et 
Philosophise  Doctore,  ejusdemque  professore  ordinario. 

Oblatus 
a 
poesI  aCaDeMICa.'  m  =     1702 

The  tract  consists  of  thirty-four  leaves  (sixty-eight  pages),  without 
pagination  or  date  in  figures;  small  40.  There  is  an  engraved 
emblematical  frontispiece,  wherein  is  a  bust  of  Joseph  surrounded 
by  figures  representing  war,  justice,  peace,  the  arts,  etc.,  with  this 
dedicatory  inscription  on  the  pedestal,  'Josepho  1.  Romanorum  et 
Ungariae  regi  augusto  Herculi  austriaco,'  manifesting  his  present,  and 
foreshadowing  (adumbrans)  his  future  greatness.  Then  follows  an 
address  to  the  '  Neo-baccalaurei '  of  the  university,  signed,  *  Honoris 
Vestri,  Studiosissimi  Poetse  aCaDeMICI.'  =     1702 

1  See  Chronograms,  index,  *  Joseph  i.'  for  references,  also  to  pages  389,  402. 

Y 


170 


JOSEPH  L  EMPEROR. 


and  then  a  dedication  ( Potentissimo  principi  Josepho  1.,'  etc.,  and 
signed  '  Musae  graCensIs  aCaDeMLe.'  = 

After  this  the  main  subject  follows,  consisting  of  ten  poems  in 
hexameter  and  pentameter  verse,  each  with  a  full-page  engraved 
emblem  pointing  to  the  important  events  in  his  career  from  his 
infancy  ill  1678  to  his  marriage  with  Wilhelmina  Amalia  of  Hanover 
in  1699.  The  poems  consist  of  950  lines,  or  from  90  to  100  lines  in 
each  poem,  repeating  the  date  1702  in  475  distinct  chronograms. 
This  indeed  is  a  remarkable  work  and  well  done,  the  labour  of  men 
to  whom  the  use  of  the  Latin  language  was  familiar.  Allusions  to  th% 
successful  wars  carried  on  by  Joseph  and  his  father  in  Hungary,  run 
through  all  the  poems,  while  the  language  of  court  flattery,  so 
common  at  the  period,  is  not  so  overstrained  as  is  usual  in  com- 
plimentary addresses  to  imperial  personages.  It  will  suffice,  as  an 
example  of  the  whole,  to  give  the  first  poem  in  full,  consisting  of 
thirty-five  chronograms,  leaving  440  more,  still  unexhausted  by  this 
extract 

The  first  emblem,  inscribed,  '  Felicia  Augusti  Incunabula,'  repre- 
sents the  infant  in  his  cradle,  emblems,  etc.,  and  this  extract  from 
Claudian — 

Herculeae  quamvis  jactent  sua  Numina  Thebae 
At  Thebis  melior,  Dircseis  clarior  oris, 
Quae  dedit  hoc  Numen  regio. 
Followed  on  the  next  sheet  by — 

Emblema  I.     Nativitas  Herculis. 
Felices  Thebae!  quae  cunae  factae  sunt   Herculis,  magno  Jove 
progeniti.     Felicior  Vienna,  in  qui  orbi  datus  tot  annorum  votura 
Josephus  Primus  Magni  Germanise  Jovis  Leopoldi  raagnus  Alius. 
LaVs  astrIs!  DIVIna  IoVIs  genItorIs  IMago 

natVs  es  aVstrIaCI  VItaqVe  spesqVe  thronI. 
aVDIo:  IaM  totVs  strepItat  tIbI  pLaVsIbVs  orbIs 

Ipsa  reVIVIsCens  Insonat  aVra  tVbIs. 
seV  LVstro  oCCIDVI  nIgrefaCta  CVbILIa  phcebI, 

Ccena  VbI  Defessos  parVULa  serVat  eqVos. 
seV,  qVas  aVratA  ConIVnX  tIthonIa  bIgA, 

prIMa  et  DepIngIt  pVrpVra,  Verso  pLagas; 
nIL  nIsI  terfaVstos  pLaVsVs,  aC  sVbDIta  sCeptra 

aDVoLVI  CVnIs  Cerno  pVeLLe  tVIs. 
VnDIqVe  neCtareos  LjEta  aVstrIa  fVnDIt  oDores, 

gratIaqVe  eX  sVperIs  terna  propInqVat  agrIs; 
pVrpVreosqVe  thorI  bLanDIta  Cater Va  nItores 

eXtrVIt,  aVgVstIs  basIa  Dan  Do  genIs; 
et  parVIs  IWenes  Irrorant  IMbrIbVs  artVs, 

artVs,  qVos  nItIDA  Veste  CoLorat  ebVr. 
Mars  qVoqVe  terrIfICA  proIeCtA  eX  VertICe  CrIstA 

te  pronVs  fLeXo  popLIte  pVppe  CoLIt; 
sertaqVe  sangVIneIs  qVje  fert  IratVs  ab  orIs, 

sVspenDI  CVnIs  VVLt  anatheMa  tVIs: 


1702 


- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}" 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

}- 

1702 

JOSEPH  I.  EMPEROR. 


171 


IaMqVe  noVos  Ignes  fIbrIs,  noVa  prjeLIa  sentIt, 

sInt  qVIbVs  aVstrIaCI  IVra  tVenDa  thronI. 
en  VenIt  et  nIVea  paX  aVrea  VeCta  qVaDrIgA 

et  faCILI  aD  CVnas  poLLICe  faLLIt  ebVr. 
Vt,  sIVe  hostILes  Contra  LVCtaberIs  aVsVs, 

seV  tVLerIt  pLaCIDos  aLCIon  aXe  DIes, 
eX  paCe  eX  beLLo  VICtor,  nVnC  pLeCtere  tVrCas, 

nVnC  nosCas  beLLo  VInCere  CorDa  tVo. 
hInC  LVCIna  VbI  te  L/etIs  eXCepIt  In  VLnIs, 

et  fIXIt  roseIs  osCVLa  prIMa  LabrIs, 
thraCICa  VULgabant  frIXIsse  InCenDIa  LVNiE, 

InVIDaqVe  aVstrIaCIs  LILIa  fL£sse  rosIs. 
Contra  aqVIL*  LiETiE  VoLItant;  Ita  VoCe  Canentes: 

hostIbVs  hIC  paVor  est,  CIVIbVs  VnVs  aMor. 
HiECCE  tVens  paLLas,  repLICans  tIbI  teMpora  LaVrIs; 

eX  VtroqVe  InqVIt  parVULe  CiESAR  erIs. 
IngenII  gLaDIIqVe  aCIe,  neC  DIspare  CVrsV, 

fILIVs  eXCeLsI  faCta  seqVere  IoVIs. 
pVsIo  qVantVs  erIs  !  sIgnIsqVe,  IpsIqVe  DIeI, 

qVo  feLIX  orbI  nasCerIs,  oMen  Inest. 
DVM  CanIs  iESTlVAs  ferVentIor  Vsserat  aVras, 

pVsIo  te  nobIs  faVsta  VIenna  tVLIt  : 
sCILICet  IgnItVs  DVpLICatIs  CInthIVs  astrIs 

L^tIor  aD  CVnas  faX  fVIt  Ipse  tVas. 
teqVe  VIDens  pLaCIDA  sIbI  ConCertare  faVILLA 

aLter  Vt  eXorItVr  soL  !  stVpefaCtVs  aIt. 
sCILICet  jetherIIs  VeLVt  arDeo  CInthIVs  aVrIs, 

LVCebIs  patrIIs  reX  aLIqVanDo  pLagIs. 
saCra  VeL  Ipsa  ANNiE1  LVX  CLaros  DVpLICat  ortVs 

Vt  DIsCant  popVLI,  .gratIa  qVanta  tIbI. 
Vt  taMen  eXpaVeat  fVror  hostIs  VInDICIs  Iras, 

torVa  heV!  progenIto  sIgna  fV£re  Leo.2 
VIVIto  faVste  pVer  I  treMor  hostI,  gratIa  nobIs  ! 

aLLVDVnt  sortI  sIgnaqVe  soLqVe  tVa. 
seD  CVr  sIgna  LoqVor,  qVeIs  natVs  parVe  VIgebas  ! 

Vno  IosephI  noMIne  faVstVs  erIs. 
fILIVs  es  CresCens,8  paVCIs  si  VIXerIs  annIs, 

propItIo  eXCresCent  nVMIne  sCeptra  tIbI. 
Ioseph  es  prIMVs,  VIrtVte  fVtVre  seCVnDVs, 

proLIbVs  at  serVs  nestorIs  Instar  erIs. 
qVIn  LstIs  ConCors  perCeptVs  VoCIbVs  orbIs; 

prIMVs  aIt  beLLo  paCeqVe  VIVe  pVer  ! 
aVstrIa  tV  Magno  genItrIX  eLeCta  pVeLLo, 

VnICa  QViE  LargI  CVra  CVpIta  poLI, 
aVstrIa  nVnC  VIVas,  et  LiETAs  toLLIto  VoCes, 

Cantet  DVLCIsonIs  sVaVIs  aLaVDa  notIs: 


=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 

=  1702 


1  Anna  idem  ac  Gratia. 


1  Natus  in  signo  Leonis. 


8  Josephus,  id  est,  crescens. 


1 72  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

ITE  THEBiE  VETERES  !   EXORTVS   In   VRBE  VIENNA  ) 

IVstIor  aLCIDes  qVanDo  IosephVs  aDest.  J  ' 

aLMa  VIenna  CapVt  per  beLLas  eVehe  steLLas,  I 

herCVLIs  aVstrIaCI  baIVLa  VIVe  noVI.  J  ""     17°z 

The  tract  concludes  with  four  pages  of  the  names  of  members  of 
the  university  who  join  in  the  congratulations  offered  to  him.  There 
is  no  date  in  figures  anywhere  in  the  tract.  There  are  440  more 
chronograms  in  the  tract. 


THE  CORONATION,  Etc.,  OF  THE  EMPEROR 
CIJARLES  THE  SIXTH 

THE  book  now  to  be  noticed,  if  regarded  as  a  volume,  is  probably 
unique,  being  a  collection  of  seventeen  tracts  printed  at  different 
places  and  independently  published,  each  tract  complete  in  itself,  and 
with  its  own  distinct  features  of  interest,  on  one  and  the  same  subject. 
An  old  manuscript  note,  written  ou  the  fly-leaf  of  the  book,  thus 
points  to  its  contents,  '  A  collection  of  various  pieces  on  occasion  of 
the  election  and  coronation  of  the  Emperor  Charles  vi.,'  etc.  The 
contents  bear  some  resemblance  to  those  described  in  my  book 
Chronograms,  pp.  473,  497,  503,  concerning  certain  bishops  in 
Franconia.  Much  has  been  done  in  chronogram  to  exalt  the 
Emperor  (as  may  be  seen  in  Chronograms,  index,  p.  560),  while  the 
book  from  which  the  following  extracts  are  made  adds  much  more  to 
his  recorded  fame.  The  whole  volume  comprises  still  more  curious 
matter  that  is  not  suitable  to  our  present  purpose  ;  it  may  be  seen  in 
the  British  Museum  Library  (press-mark  9315.  f.  1-7.  folio).  We 
now  proceed  to  the  chronograms. 

1  ract  No.  4  consists  of  twenty-two  pages  in  German.  The  title- 
page  is  as  follows: — 'Getreuer  Reichs-Burger  getreuer  Hertzens- 
Wunsch  zu  Gott  fur  das  neuerwelchlte  Ober-Haupt  der  Christenheit, 
aus  dem  xxi.  Psalm  v.  2-8,  als  der  .  .  .  Her  Carolus  m.  Konig  in 
Spanien  und  Indien  .  .  .  zu  einer  Romischer  Konig  und  Kayser 
dessen  Nahmen  der  vi  erhoben  und  erwahlet  worden,'  etc  Regens- 
purg,  1 71 2.  The  author's  name  is  Erasmus  Sigmund  Alkofern,  a 
priest  at  Regensburg  (Ratisbon).  The  name  of  that  city  is  the  con- 
cluding word  of  the  last  chronogram  in  the  tract.  The  purpose  of 
the  work  is  to  eulogise  Charles  vi.  It  has  numerous  Bible  texts  and 
references,  and  chronograms  which  are  mingled  with  and  form  part  of 
the  paragraphs  in  which  they  occur.  The  first  chronogram  is  on  page  2, 
CarL  Der  DrItte  aLs  konIg  zV  hIspanIen  InDIen,  etc     =     171 1 

There  is  also  this  anagram  on  his  name — 

Carolus  tertius.  =  Ut  sol  cams  erit. 

On  the  same  page  are  these  verses,  beginning  and  ending  with 
evi,  but  not  intended  for  a  chronogram — 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR.  173 

CVI  dabis  Imperii  Electrix  Germania  pomum  ? 
Tangendo  quaeris  ?  vaticinare  :  CVI  ? 
i.e.  To  whom,  O  Germania,  Eleetress,  wilt  thou  give  the  apple  of  the 
empire  ?  By  touching  it  dost  thou  seek  to  know  ?  Prophesy  now :  to 
whom?  Observe  that  the  words  printed  in  capital  letters  ask  the 
question  and  suggest  the  answer  if  they  are  read  as  CVI. = Charles 
the  Sixth.  The  ingenious  author  declares  this  to  be  a  riddle  by  which 
the  future  emperor  is  to  be  discovered.  The  apple  (pomum)  is  the 
emblem  of  the  imperial  power  in  Germany,  equivalent  to  the  *  orb ' 
which  is  placed  in  the  sovereign's  hand  at  coronation  ceremonies  in 
England.    The- play  on  the  word  cvi  occurs  again  at  page  175,  infra. 

This  chronogram  presently  follows — 
Ihre  kaIJserLIChe  MaIestat,  karL  Der  VI.  =1711 

And  on  page  5  this  occurs — 

CaroLVM  eLegIt  DeVs!  =     1711 

And  this  on  page  6 — 
gLVCk  zV  DeM  konIg  karL!  =     1711 

This   sentence  is  at  page   12 — Es  wird  schon  heissen :    si  he 
DeIn   karL    trAgt   Ietzo   DIe    gVLDene   keIJsers-Cron  !  =     171 1 
Eine  gelehrte  Feder  hat  zu-gleich  auf  die  zukvinfftige  Kayserliche 
Cronung  und  den  viellicht  bald  darauff  erfolgenden  Frieden  dieses 
gute  Omen  gestellet :  a  Deo  Corona,  a  Corona  paX  prIMa.     =     17  n 

This  follows  at  page  1 2 — 
Deo  gratIas,  Longo  In  ItInere  benIgn^  protegentI  CaroLVM  !=     1 7 1 1 

And  this  at  page  22 — 

CVM  Gesare  et  grege  erIt  DeVs!  =     171 1 

The  following  was  inscribed  on  an  imaginary  altar— 

Deo  .  trI-VnI  .  sanCto  . 

pro 

CaroLo  .  seXto  .  Caesare  .  aVstrIaCo 

HlSPANL£  .  REGE  .  TERTlO  .  ^=     171 1 

aVgVsto  .  feLICI  .  atqVe  .  plo  . 

debltas  .  grates  .  habet  . 

sVppLeX  .  ratIspona  . 


Tract  6  of  the  same  volume — 'CC.C.C.C.C.  Lycophron  Caro- 
linus,  hoc  est :  Lusus  anagrammaticus,  in  honorem  invictissimi  poten- 
tissimique  Romanorum  Imperatoris  Caroli  vi.  etc.  etc.  Nuper  electi 
feliciter  ac  legitime  propediem  vero  quam  solennissime  coronandi,  sic 
instructus  ut  Ex  splendidissimo  suae  majestatis  nomine,  Viginti  Sex 
Anagrammata  quae  simul  aetatis  Caesareae  numerum  adaequant 
Pronis  Musis  inventa  tot  Symbolis  et  Imaginibus  illustrentur :  ac  inter 
totius  Germaniae  plausus  ac  jubila,  humillimsee  gratulationis  ergo, 
demississime  publicatus  a  M.  Joh.  Adam.  Leonh.  Reizio,  Pastore 
Civitatis  Schwarzenbergicae  Markbreit,  ad  Moenum,  Anno  mdccxi/ 


174  CHARLES  VI  EMPEROR. 

The  following  is  on  the  back  of  the  title-page — 
Ad  Lectorem 
Crede,  Propheta  fuit  non  rarus  in  arte  Poeta, 

Versibus  et  chronicis  omen  inesse  solet 
Sic  ubi  Josephus  fatis  concederet  alraus, 

Indicium  praecox  hoc  mea  Musa  dabat : 
oCCIDIt  ergo  tIbI  phoebVs  gerManIa!  Ioseph  ?  =     1711 

sIC  saCrI  tenebras  IMperII  VIDeo;  =     171 1 

soL  taMen  In  CaroLo  Vl.°  (nIsI  aberro,)  reDIbIt,  =     171 1 

aC  MVnDo  Canones  aVstrIa  porro  feret.  as     17 1 1 

En  dictum  factum  !    Carolus  nunc  Sceptra  capessit 

Imperii.     Felix,  comprecor,  esto  diu ! 
Christiadumque  piis  votis  tandem  annuat  aether : 

eVropae  paCeM  Da  bone  ChrIste  faVens!  =     17 11 

*  *  * 

(Ioseph Vs  Caesar  anno  aetatIs  trIgesIMo  tertIo  DeCessIt.  =     1711 

vel: 
IMperII  DeCVs,  ah!  obIIt,  proteCtor,  Ioseph!)  =     171 1 

Josephus  1.  Romanorum  Imperator  optimus. 
(By  the  omission  of  the  letter  h,  the  following  line  is  an  anagram 
of  the  foregoing  one,  and  it  contains  as  many  letters  as  the  number  of 
years  the  Emperor  Joseph  lived,  viz.,  33.) 

Anagram. 
Sum  plus  pater  optimus  orno  [set/.  Regnuiri\  jam  emorior. 

Vel  in  versu; 

Sum  pius,  orno  Pater  [regnunt]  optimus,  emorior  jam. 
(The  word  '  regnum  *  in  each  of  the  foregoing  lines,  consisting  of 
six  letters,  gives  that  number  as  the  years  of  his  reign.) 

On  the  next  page  are  the  thirty-six  anagrams  on  the  emperor's 
name  which  are  alluded  to  on  the  title-page,  as  follows — 

CAROLVS  VI. 
per  Metatarsum. 


1.)  Cui  lauros  ?  11.)  Livor  acus.  m.    Curiosula. 

v.)  Cur?  vi?  sola.  v«) 

vii.)  Vi  cor  laus.  nx.)  Casu,  livor.  ix.)  Salvi,  euro. 


iv.)  Cur?  vi?  sola.  v.)  Arculus,  Io.  vi.    Cui  rosula? 


x.)  O  clarus  vi.  xi.)  Valor  cusi.  xn.)  Oculus,  ira. 

xiii.)  Curvola?is.  xiv.)  Sulca  vivo.  xv.)  Soli,  curva. 

xvi.)  Carl  vivos.  xvn.)  Vir  clause  xnx.)  Volascur?  I. 

xix.)  Icarus  luo.  xx.)  Clavis,  ruo.  xxi.)  Alvus  orci. 

xxii.)  Sol  via  cur?  xxiii.)  Coravulsi.  xxiv.)  Curo,  aulis. 

xxv.)  Ori  Calvus.     xxvi.  Colus  auri. 
anSocris  Poetae : 
Lusi,  6  cura ! 
(Each  of  the  foregoing  sentences  is  an  anagram  on  the  words 
Carolus  vi.,  and  is  also  the  subject  of  some  complimentary  epigram- 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR.  175 

matic  couplets  in  Latin  concerning  the  emperor,  the  supposed  utter- 
ances of  the  old  poet  Lycophron.  This  poet  wrote  verses  whose 
obscurity  has  procured  for  him  the  epithet  of '  Tenebrosus ;'  they  were 
a  mixture  of  prophetical  effusions,  which,  as  he  supposes,  were  given 
by  Cassandra  during  the  siege  of  Troy.  The  mysterious  letters  at  the 
commencement  of  this  tract,  the  six  letters  C,  may  be  taken  to  repre- 
sent the  sixth  emperor  Charles.  The  verses  themselves  are  sufficiently 
obscure,  each  brings  in  the  words  of  its  accompanying  anagram.  The 
first  (which  follows)  is  a  fair  specimen,  and  so  is  the  eighth,  which  is 
chronogrammatic. ) 

The  subject  then  proceeds — Sequitur  illustratio  Lemmatum 
istorum  anagrammaticorum,  quam  in  rubro  pollicitus  sum,  per 
Imagines  &  Symbola. 

I.  Cui1  lauros? 
Serenissmi  ac  Potenttssimi  s.  r.  i.  Principes  Electores 
Corottam  e  lauro  contextam  tenent  manibtts,  eandemque 
Carolo  nostro,  Hispan.  Regi  Catholico,  magni  Leopoldi  filio,  decenter 
offerunt. 

Cui1  merito  statuat  Lauros  German ia?  quseris. 
VI.US  erit  Carolus ;  certa  Lycophron  ait. 
(This,  and  all  the  verses,  seem  to  have  been  associated  with  some 
pictorial  representations ;  the  tract,  however,  makes  no  other  allusion 
to  them  beyond  what  may  be  inferred  from  the  words  printed  in 
italics,  and  from  certain  words  part  of  the  title-page.  I  conclude  with 
the  chronogram,  the  eighth  couplet;  the  numeral  is  quaintly  expressed, 
nx  is  10  minus  2  =  8.) 

IIX.  Casu,  livor. 
Manns  e  coelo.    Francofurtensem  supra  civitatem,  protensay 
q%UB    Potentessimo    Hispaniarum    Regi,    Carolo    in.     Sceptrum 
Imperii  Romano-Germanici porrigit. 

Non  casu,  livor !  precibus,  nee  fraude  capessit 
Nee  donis,  Carolus  sceptra ;  dat  ipse  Deus. 
vel 
e  franCopVrto  DeVs  offert  Ipse  CoronaM.  =     1711 

The  tract  thus  concludes,  votvm  e  Psalm  xx.  7  2 — 
aCh  Der  herr,  heLfe  seIneM  Werthen  besaLbten  !  =     171 1 

aliud 
Deo  fortVnante  fLoreat  CaroLVs  IMperator!  =     171 1 

MI  CaroLe,  6  VaLeas  porro,  faVente  Deo  !  =1711 

Tantum ! 
On  the  next  page  of  the  volume  is  another,  and  apparently  a 

1  Observe  the  word   'Cui*  in  this  couplet,  and  refer  to  page  173,   artfe,  for  the 
explanation. 

*  Vulgate  Version. 


176  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

separate  tract,  of  two  leaves  only.  The  paper  and  printing  is  some- 
what different  I  give  a  full  transcript  of  the  title-page,  which  is 
printed  in  various  type,  and  concludes  with  the  author's  name  con- 
cealed in  an  anagram,  which  admits  of  various  solutions,  and  points  to 
no  one  in  particular. 

'  In  Felicem  Electionem  Celsissimi  et  Augustissimi  Principis  ac 
Domini  Domini  Caroli,  Dei  gratia  Imperatoris  Sexti,  Regis  Hispanise, 
Hungarian  et  Bohemise,  Archi-Ducis  Austrise,  etc  etc.  Themata 
Chronographica  curiosa,  Anagrammata  et  Chronodisticha. 

Composita  ab  Illo  cujus  nomen  per  Anagramma  Sonat 
1  Danda  din  SpetV 

(The  subject  then  follows,  that  of*the  election  of  Charles  in.  of 
Spain,  to  be  Emperor  of  Germany,  by  the  seven  Electors  mentioned.) 

E lectio  Regis  Romani  et  Casaris  per  septem  E  lee  tores. 
Anno  mdccwi.    Octobris  xii. 

I .  Elector  Moguntinus.  (i.e.  Mayence.) 
CaroLVs    frater    IosephI    reX    hIspanLe    III.     eLIgItVr    a 
LotharIo      franCIsCo      arChIepIsCopo      MogVntIno     reX 
teVtonLe  VI.  =     1 71 1 

CaroLVs  frater  IosephI  a  LotharIo  arChICanCeLLarIo 
gerManLe  est  Cesar.  =     1711 

2.  Elector  Trevirensis.  (i.e.  Treves.) 
CaroLVs  reX   hIspanI^   hVngarIjE   et   boheMI/e   orItVr   a 
CaroLo  arChIepIsCopo  et  eLeCtore  treVIrense  reX  regnI 
teVtonLe  VI.  s=     1 71 1 

ab  eLeCtore  treVIrense  per  gaLLIaM  arChICanCeLLarIo 

REX   HlSPANliE    ET    REX    HVNGARliE    FlT    REX    REGNl    TEVTONliE 

VI.  =     1711 

3.  Elector  Palatinus. 

CaroLVs  reX  hVngarLe  et  hIspanIjE  III.  eVasIt  CjEsar  VI. 
a  Iohanne  gVILIeLMo  eLeCtore  paLatIno  VICarIo  regnI 
teVtonLe.  =     171 1 

ab  arChIDapIfero  IMperII  eVasIt  Cesar.  =     171 1 

4.  Elector  Bohemia. 

ab  oratore  regIs  et  eLeCtorIs  boheMIjE  arChIpInCernjE  x 

et  Lege  fIt  Cesar  et  sVCCessor.  =     171 1 

a  CoMIte  wInDIsgretz  frater  IosephI  eVasIt  Cesar.  =     171 1 

5.  Elector  Saxonue. 

CaroLVs  reX  hIspanLe  ab  oratore  regIs  PoLoNliE  et 
eLeCtorIs      SAXoNliE      arChIMaresChaLLI      eVasIt      reX 

TEVTONliE   VI.  =       17 1 1 

.    l  i.e.  The  chief  cup-bearer. 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 


177 


AB   ORATORE   BARONE   FRlESEN   FRATER   IOSEPHl   fIt  IMPERATOR  ET 

Cesar  regnI  CoronanDVs.  =     1711 

6.  Elector  Brandenburgicus. 
CaroL Vs  frater  IosephI  reX  hIspanLe  III.  eVasIt  a  Legato 

REGIS   PRVSSLE    ELECTORlS    ET    ARChICaMerII    REX    TEVTONliE 

ET  CESAR   VI.  s=       171 1 

a    CoMIte    Dhona    frater    IosephI    fIt    et   orItVr    CiESAR 
regnI.  =     17 1 1 

7.  Elector  Hannoveranus. 
CaroLVs    reX    hIspanLe    eLIgItVr    ab    oratore    eLeCtorIs 
hannoVeranI  arChIthesaVrarII  reX  teVtonIje  et  CoronatVr 

CiESAR  ET  IMPERATOR.  as       17H 

BARO  GOERTZ   LEGATVS  HANNOVER   DAT   LEGE   CiESARF.M   REGNl.=       1711 

CaroLVs  reX  HlsPANliE  CathoLICVs  eLIgItVr  franCofVrtI 

XII.  oCtobrIs  reX  regnI  roManI.  =  171 1 

CaroLVs  reX  hIspanLe  hVngarLe  et  boheMLe  per  eLeCtores 

franCofVrtI  XII.  oCtobre  eLIgItVr  Cesar  VI.  teVtonI/b.=  171  i 
CaroLVs  reX  hIspanLe  CathoLICVs  III.  eLIgItVr  teVtonVM 

CapVt  oCtobrIs  XII.  =  1711 

CaroLVs  CathoLICVs  In  hIspanIa  III.  eLIgItVr  VnanIMIter 

franCofVrtI  reX  regnI  oCtobrIs  XII.  =  171 1 

CaroLVs  reX  hIspanLe  CathoLICVs  eLIgItVr  reX  IMperII 

et  ciesar  vi.  octobre  xii.  =  1711 

eCCe  CaroLVs   VIennensIs    frater    IosephI    reX    hIspanLe 
eLIgItVr   LEGlTlMfe   regnI   teVtonI^e   Cesar   VI.    oCtobrIs 

XII.  =  17 1 1 

CaroLVs    reX    hIspanLe    CathoLICVs    ConspIratIs    VotIs 
franCofVrtI  eLIgItVr  reX  et  IMperator  VI.  =1711 

CaroLVM  eLegIt  DeVs.  =  171 1 

CaroLVs  VoLente  Deo  IMperator.  =  1711 

CaroLVs  a  Deo  LargItVr  regno  roMano.  =  171 1 

DeVs  et  eLeCtores  eLegerVnt  regeM  regnI.  =  171 1 

DIgnItas  IMperatorIs  LargItVr  regI  CaroLo.  =  171 1 

frater  In  IMperIo  sVCCeDIt  Iosepho  fratrI.  =  171 1 

franCofVrtenses  Date  TEVTONliE  CesareM.  =  171 1 

In  Coronationem  Caroli  VI.  Imperatoris. 
Anno  mdccxi. 
CaroLVs  reX  hVngarIje  eVasIt  reX  TEVTONliE  oCtobrIs  XII. 
et  CoronatVr  CiESAR  rege  gaLLo  paCeM  offerente.  =     1711 

CaroLo  VIennensI  regI  CathoLICo  Corona  regnI  CoMpetIt 

ET  EST   CiESAR.  =       17" 

DeVs  et  prInCIpes  assIgnant  CoronaM  regI  HlsPANliE.       =     17 11 
a    Deo    DIgne     DatVr    regI     HlsPANliE    Corona    CiESAREA 
IosephI.  =     1 7  * ' 

a    Deo    DatVr   Corona    Cesarea   CaroLo    regI    HlsPANliE 
CathoLICo  et  In  regno  fratrIs  Cesar  est.  =     171 1 

z 


i78 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 


Corona    regnI    et    GesarIs    DatVr    regI    hIspanLe    et 

BOHeMIjE. 

Corona  CjEsarea  DatVr  regI  hIspanLe  III.  gerMano. 

CORONAM      CiESARls      ET     REGNl     DANT     REGI     HlSPANliE     ET 
HVNGARljE. 

Corona  Gesarea  et  IMperII  DatVr  regI  hIspanLe. 

DeVs  et  franCofVrtenses  prjebent  regnI  GesareM. 

fratre  DefVnCto  frater  CoronatVr  IMperator. 

hoC  anno  Corona  roMana  DatVr  regI  hIspanLe  III. 

hoC   anno   Corona   IMperatorIs   et    regnI    DatVr    regI 

hIspanLe. 

a  proCerIbVs  DatVr  Corona  gerMano. 

Date  CoronaM  aVstrIaCo  regI  hIspanLe  patrI  patrIa 

franCofVrtenses  traDVnt  regnI  GesareM. 

regI  hIspanLe  et  hVngarIje  CoMpetIt  a  Deo  Corona  regnI. 

DIgnItas  regnI  et  GesarIs  CoMpetIt  regI  hIspanLe  III. 

gaVDete  gerManI  CoronatVr  Cesar  noster. 

Date  aVstrIaCo  sCeptrVM. 


Quastio.     CVI  gerMano  DebetVr  Corona? 
Responsio.     Carolo  vi. 


==     171 1 


Carolus  Sextus  Imperator  Romanus, 

Per  Anagramma} 
Sto  Patrum  sero  nixus  amore  clarus. 


Carolus  Sextus  Imperator, 

Per  Anagramma.1 
O  mox  clarus  eris  ut  Patres. 


Chronodisticha. 
aVgVstIs  CaroLVM  feLIX  eLeCtIo  sCeptrIs. 

eXCIpIat  faVstIs  teVtonLe  aVspICIIs. 
III.  hIspanI/e  Vastas  profeCtVs  In  aVras 
sIsqVe  reDVX  saLWs  VI  In  IMperIo. 
estIVat  CaroL Vs  sIC  QViE  VIX  Morte  IosephI 
rapta  aC  hInC  LVCtVs  fata  fVgent  qVerVLos. 
Here  ends  this  singular  tract,  without  another  word. 


}- 
}- 


17 1 1 

1711 
1711 


1  These  two  anagrams  are  perfect. 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR.  179 

1  ract  9  consists  of  eight  pages  in  German,  the  subject  being  a 
description  of  the  siege  of  Landau  by  Joseph  1.,  king  of  Hungary, 
published  at  Augsburg  in  the  year 

sIC  tanDeM  CessIt  regI  Iosepho.  =     1704 

The  author's  name  appears  at  the  foot  of  the  dedication,  on  the 
back  of  the  title-page,  Joseph  Friderich  Leopold  Burger.     9  Januar. 

A  handsome  emblematical  engraving,  exhibiting  a  medal  of 
Joseph  1.,  commences  the  narrative,  and  at  page  6  these  chrono- 
grams appear — 

hjeC  neMInI  CeDet.  =     1702 

IMo  CeDet  CesarI.  =     1702 

tanDeM  CessIt  CesarI.  =     1702 

(These  chronograms  will  be  found,  with  others  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, in  my  book  on  Chronograms^  published  in  1882,  page  134.) 


1  ract  10  has  a  title-page  as  follows  : — Epigrammatum  Biga,  in 
Trigam  dierum  memorabilium,  videlicet  emortualem  Josephi  1. 
Imperatoris  gloriosissimi,  qui  erat  17  April,  et  etectionis.Caroli  m. 
Hispan.,  etc.  etc.  Regis  potentiss.  in  Imperatorem  Romanum,  hujus 
nominis  sextum,  qui  erat  dies  Lunse  12  Octob.  ut  et  coronationis 
ejusdem,  Francofurti  ad  Moenum  felicissime  susceptae,  die  Martis 
12  Decemb.  Anni, 

Quo  Germania,  Marte  pressa,  halcyonia  sperans  optat, 
Ut 
Iste  DIes  MartIs  CertVs  sir  paCIfer  orbL  =     171 1 

Autore 
Johanne  Joachimo  Pinggiserb, 
_     Pastore  Eccles.  Aspacensis. 
Halae  Sii^L  Typis  Mayerianis,  circa  auspicium 
Anni, 
quern  sequens  distichon  bis  numerat,  et  quo  fama  tale  suggerit 
epiphonema. 
o  DeVs  oMnIpotens  !  faC  anno  hoC  otIa  Vera!        =     17 12 
sIn,  VoVeo:   Constans  paCta  fIDes  Maneat  !  =     1712 

(The  subject  of  the  tract  is  two  Latin  epigrams,  printed  in  various 
type  on  two  separate  pages,  on  the  death  of  Joseph  1.  and  the  election 
and  coronation  of  his  successor,  Charles  vi.  They  do  not  contain 
any  chronograms  besides  those  on  the  title-page,  and  there  are  no 
dates  in  figures.) 

>  ~»^  < 

Tract  11  consists  of  eighty  pages.    It  is  in  the  German  language,    „ 
and  contains  much  to  interest  admirers  of  chronograms,  and  engraved 
illustrations;    the  latter  are  particularly  fine,  no  less  than   38  in 
number,  of  folio  size,  and  larger,  representing  a  great  variety  of 


180  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

emblems,  medallions,  public  decorations  and  illuminations  (illu- 
minated transparent  pictures),  at  Augsburg,  on  the  occasion  of  the 
rejoicings  in  1 716  at  the  birth  of  the  Archduke  of  Austria,  Leopold,1 
son  of  the  Emperor  Charles  vi. 

The  title-page  is,  *  Das  Frolockende  Augspurg,  wie  solches  wegen 
der  hochst-begluckten  Geburt  dess  Durchleuchtigsten  Ertz-Hertzogen 
und  Printzen  von  Austurien  Leopoldi  11.  Seine  allerunterthanigste 
Freude  den  17  May  17 16.  Durch  verschiedene  Illuminationes  dar- 
gestellet  hat. '    Augspurg,  1 7 1 6. 

The  author's  name,  Johann  Christoph-  Kolb,  appears  at  the  end 
of  the  dedication  to  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Sixth. 

On  page  2,  these  chronograms  were  among  the  illuminations  of 
the  Rath-house — 

speI  pVbLIGe  pLaVDentIs  IMperII  =     17 16 

P.P.—  S.P.Q  .A. 
honorI  aD  aVTt*  MonarChLe  Coronas  InVItantI.     =     1716 
And    among  a    profusion   of  decorations    and  inscriptions  on 
the  windows  of  the  Rath-house  were  these  chronograms,  at  page  4, 
arranged  in  two  series  of  six ;  a  compliment  to  Charles  vi. — 
I.  aVstrIaCI  saKgVInIs  hjereDeM  CernItIs.  =     17 16 

II.  est  LeopoLDVs  Magna  eX  eLIsabetha  soboLes.  =     17 16 

III.  roManI   CiESARls   fILIVs,  aC    regI   CathoLICo  sVC- 

Cessor.  =     1 716 

IV.  prInCeps  DIgnVs  Cert4:  MaIorIbVs  IstIs.  =     1716 
V.  haVD  generant  aqVILa  CoLVMbas.  =     17 16 

VI.  neC  prIMIs  In/eqVaLes  eDIt  aVstrIa  LIberos.  =     17 16 

On  page  6 — 
I.  eCCe  nepotIs  Ver£  MagnI  fIDeIVssores  regII.  =     17 16 

II.    HlSPANljE   iNDIiEQVE  MONARCHY  AVstrIaCI.  =       1716 

III.    MONARCHLB   HlSPANlCiE   IVRE  SVIS    DEBlTiG.  as       1716 

IV.  sponDent  aVstrIaCVM  CapVt.  =     1716 

V.  VnaqVe  CongrVas  hIspano  MonarCr«  Dotes.  =     17 16 

VI.  DeVs  fortVnet  CaVsaM  GesarIs.  =     17 16 

At  page  17— 

VI Vat  LeopoLDVs  paCeM  appetans.  =     17 16 

Followed  by — 

LIgat  Vna  CoLVMna  DVas.  =     17 16 

Alluding  to  the  device  of  two  columns,  surmounted  by  a  crowned 
monogram,  composed  of  the  letters  c  and  l  (i.e.  Charles  and  Leopold). 
On  page  20  occurs  the  word  signifying  the  dawning  day  of  17 16. 
(This  is  one  of  the  few  words  which  happen  to  be  entirely  chrono- 
grammatic) — 

DILVCVLVM.  =     1 7 16 


1  This  infant  archduke  was  born  on  13th  April  1 7 16,  and  died  in  November  of  the  same 
year.  Of  course  he  never  reached  the  throne,  although  he  is  called  Leopold  11.  in  this 
tract     See  note  on  page  185,  infra. 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR.  181 

On  page  21,  from  Psalm  cxi.  2  (Vulgate  Version) — 
potens   erIt   In  terra   seMen   ILLIVs,   et   generatIo    bene- 
DICetVr.  =     1 7 16 

seIn  saaM  Lang  VVIrD  fLorIen,  )  =  , 

seIn  Lob  ohn  zeIt  gLorIen.  j  *' 

LaVs  Deo  pro  nato  fILIo,  prIMo  prInCIpe  astVrI,e,       =     17 16 
gebt  gott  Das  Lob,  Der  gVVoLt  )  __  , 

Vns  geben  eInen  LeopoLD.  j  ' 

On  page  22,  adapted  from  Psalm  lxxi.  7  (Vulgate  Version) — 
eXorIetVr    In    DIebVs    eIVs    IVstItIa,    et    VenIet    eI 
abVnDantIa,  DoneC  aVfferatVr  ASliE  LVnje.1  =     1 716 

CaroLVs  IntVnDet  LVnaM.1  =     17 16 

Carolus  den  Mond  wird  schwachen, 
Und  ihm  alle  Macht  zerbrechen. 

On  page  27  there  is  a  fine  engraving  of  female  figures,  allegorical 
of  the  months  of  the  spring,  with  this  chronogram  ;  it  was  pne  of  the 
illuminated  decorations  in  a  window,  alluding  to  'April  the  most 
blissful  month '  of  the  year,  in  which  the  baby  Archduke  was  born — 
IVre  DehInC  Menses  aLIos  pr^CeDIs  aprILIs,2  • 
Ista  tIbI  proLes  DVM  VICe  soLIs  erIt.  =     17 16 

On  page  34,  some  illuminations  were  thus  inscribed — 
LeopoLDesIsprInCepsMItIs  DV  LeopoLD 

nobIs  aVgVstanIs.      =     17 16  bLeIb  aVgspVrg  hoLD.     =     17 16 


CaroLVs  VI.  gaVDet  nato  CaroLVs    VI.  Der  Vatter- 

LiETARE  Mater        =     17 16  Man  Lobe  gott.  =     1716 


aVstrIa  DeVs  te  Coronat       eLIsabetha  ChrIstIna  heIst  nVn 
prInCIpe  IeDIDIa.=  17 16  DIe  LIebe  MVtter.  =     1716 


On  page  35,  an  illumination  bore  these  lines— 

TViE  natVM  Cape  DIVa  CoRONiE.                      =  17 16 

hanC  Dabo  CiESAREls  MerItIs  VenIentIbVs  ann Is.         =  1 716 
At  page  36,  an  illumination  bore  these  lines — 

CaroLVs  VI.  DeI  gratIa  IMperator  et  genItor  natI  Ljetare.  =  1 716 

eLIsabetha  ChrIstIna  DeI  gratIa  feLIX  Mater.              =  17 16 
On  page  39,  some  illuminations  are  represented  with  inscriptions 
surrounded  by  wreaths  of  foliage  and  flowers — 

1  Alluding  to  the  war  now  terminated  by  peace,  and  the  retirement  of  the  Turkish  forces 
from  the  eastern  part  of  Europe ;  the  crescent  (Luna)  representing  the  Turk. 

9  This  chronogram  makes  23 11.  It  agrees  with  the  original  I  am  unable  to  explain 
its  numerical  meaning,  unless  it  be  an  error. 


182 


CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR. 


VI  Vat 

CaroLVs  VI. 

IMp.  p.  f.  aVgVstVs, 

pater  patriae  opt  j 

'ger.  hIsp.  hVng.   b.   D 

reX 

VI  Vat  regnet. 


VIVat 

LeopoLDVs 

Corona  orb  Is  aVgVsta, 

arChIDVX  aVstrIje, 

prInCeps  astVr. 

VIVat  CresCat 

i 716  ^SV      fLoreat.        ^JK  =    I7J6 


On  page  42  the  illuminations  of  the  College  of  the  Jesuits  are 
described,  with  numerous  complimentary  inscriptions ;  among  them 
were  these  chronograms,  the  concluding  lines  of  the  inscriptions — 

H/eC  DeVotI  affeCtVs  argVMenta  = 

ConsCrIpsere  )  = 

MVSiE  orthoDoXje.  j 


Coronas  qVonDaM  ILLVstratVro, 
Uniones  Symbolicos   , 
InsCrIbebat 
DeVotIssIMa  soCIetas  IesV. 


1716 
1716 


=     1716 
}  =     1716 


On  page  44  there  is  an  engraving,  of  which  the  accompanying 
illustration  is  a  facsimile ;  it  represents  an  illumination  which  was 
put  up  outside  the  Post-Office,  the  Imperial  eagle  is  holding  in  the 
right  claw  a  large  Easter  egg,  and  in  the  left  a  crown ;  above  is  this 
inscription — 

oVVM  pasChaLe  Dat  aqVILa.  =     1716 

Below  are  two  horsemen  galloping  in  different  directions  blowing 
post-horns,  and  thus  inscribed — 

ab  orIente  VsqVe  aD  oCCasVM  as     17 16 

LeopoLDI  faMa  eXCVrrat.  =     17 16 


On  page  46  the  illuminations  at  the  *  hospital'  of  the  Regular 
Prebendary  Canons  of  St.  Augustin  of  the  Holy  Cross  are  described, 
with  these  accompanying  chronograms — 

CaroLVs  seXtVs 

IMPERATOR   REX   HlSPANljE 

Io!  W     1716 

eXaVDItVs  est 
pro  sVa  reVerentIa, 
Hebr.  v.  7. 


1 


■N 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 


183 


}- 
}- 


I7II 


I7l6 


=         I7l6 


CaroLI  seXtI         \ 

ET 

eLIsabeth/b 

fILIVs 

ANNVS 

erIt 

NATALIS, 

LeopoLDVs 

>=       1716 

reDIVIWs            j 

[ 

pIVs  IVstVs           I 

VICTOR                     ! 

ET 

1 

ConsenesCet.          > 

ANNVS 
NATALIS, 
=       1716 


A  representation  of  the  Imperial  eagle  is  given  bearing  on  its 
breast  these  chronograms — 

Anno  171 1. 
eX  terrIs  nVper  pIVs  aDVena  Cesar  IberIs, 
sangVIneo  sVppLeX  VIsVs  aDesse  Deo. 
Anno  1 7 16. 
AVGVsTiE  VIrtVte  patrVM  DeVotVs  aVIta, 
nVnC  oVat  en  !  patrIs  gLorIA,  oVabIt  aVI. 
On  page  51  this  appears  among  other  inscriptions — 

sVrsVM  CorDa  aC  pIa  Vota. 
In  an  engraving  on  page  62  are  these  chronograms,  surrounded 
by  wreaths  of  foliage  (laurel?) — 

VIgeat 

prInCeps  In  CVnIs 

LeopoLDVs 

CaroLI  fILIVs 

Vt  sero  fIat 

In  thronIs 

seCVnDVs 

FELIX 

ET 
SENEX. 

At  page  68  there  is  a  large  engraving,  of  which  the  frontispiece  to 
this  volume  is  a  facsimile,  representing  the  Emperor  Charles  vi.  in 
armour  and  robes,  holding  up  a  sword,  and  Prince  Eugene  of  Savoy 
presenting  to  him  the  infant  Archduke  Leopold,  on  a  velvet  cushion, 
whom  the  Emperor  makes  a  Knight  of  the  Golden  Fleece.  The  cordon 
of  the  Order  hangs  across  the  infant.  The  following  inscriptions  are 
on  scrolls  occupying  the  upper  corner  of  the  picture — 

DeCora  heroVM  Cesar  et  eVgenIVs  =     17 16 

Der  Helden  sehr  und  Zierde  schon, 

1st  carl  Leopold  und  eugen. 

The  accompanying  text  contains  the  next  chronogram- 

LeopoLDVs 

CaroLI  et  eLIsabeth^ 

fILIVs 

arChIDVX  AVSTRliE 

prInCeps  astVrIje 

eqVes 

aVreI  VeLLerIs 

VIgeat. 

On  page  70  an  illumination  is  described  which  represents  a  cradle 
containing  the  infant  Prince,  with  this  inscription — 

LeopoLDe  sis  aVstrLe  et  astVrLe  prInCeps  MItIs.      =     1716 

On  page  73  an  illumination  is  described  containing  a  representa- 


►=     1716 


184  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

tion  of  Faith,  Hope,  and  Charity  combined  in  one  figure,  with  the 

letter  L,  and  inscribed — 

spes  fIrMa  In  prInCIpes  te  non  ConfVnDIt  aVstrIa.         =     1716 

Another  illumination  represented  a  wood  and  a  she-wolf  lying  on 
the  ground  suckling  a  young  boy,  who  wears  a  ducal  cap,  intended 
for  the  infant  Leopold,  bearing  these  inscriptions,  the  first  to  illustrate 
a  device  of  an  eagle  presenting  a  sword  at  the  throat  of  a  Turk — 

en  LVna  DVCat  aqVILaM.  =     17 16 

The  second  presents  a  parallel  between  the  infant  and  the  founder 
of  Rome — 

Io.  LeopoLD Vs  aLter  roMVLVs.  =     17 16 

Another  device  of  Christ  crucified  on  a  palm-tree,  which  grows  out 
of  a  bee-hive,  ornamented  by  the  Austrian  eagle — 

eIa,  DeVotIonIs  Mel  CluavIt  aqVILas. 

This  chronogram  is  carelessly  printed.  It  probably  is  meant  for 
17 16;  but  I  do  not  venture  to  make  the  needful  correction.  The 
tract  ends  at  page  80,  without  any  more  chronograms. 


+■»■» 

1  he  next  tract,  No.  12,  is  entitled  ( Mcestus  Thorus  Archiducalis,' 
etc.,  a  funeral  oration  or  sermon  (in  German)  on  Sigmund  Francis, 
Grand  Duke  of  Austria,  at  Sulzbach,  by  Francis  Hoechtel,  on  Psalm 
lxxvL,  on  1 2th  August  1665.  There  is  a  large  engraving  of  the  funeral 
assemblage  in  a  church  where  the  sermon  is  being  preached. 

It  would  appear  that  he  died  at  the  time  of  his  marriage,  leaving 
his  widow,  Maria  Hedwig  Augusta,  to  whom  the  following  couplet 
(at  page  7)  is  supposed  to  be  spoken  by  him — 

Sponsus  eram  Virgo,  mansi  quoque  Virgo,  Maritus, 
Nam  mors  invidit  Virgineum  thalamum. 

And  she  is  supposed  to  answer  as  an  echo — 

Uxor  eram  felix,  magno  vivente  marito, 
Sum  Virgo  infelix  hoc  viduata  Viro. 

i.e.  I  was  espoused  as  a  Virgin,  I  also  remained  a  Virgin  as  a  husband, 
for  death  envied  my  virgin  couch. 

I  was  a  happy  wife,  my  great  husband  Irving;  I  am  an  unhappy 
virgin,  being  deprived  of  this  husband. 

This  chronogram  forms  part  of  the  sentence  which  comes  next — 

ergo  Ista  tIbI  granDIs  aVstrIa  CoLVMna?  =     1665 

The  remainder  of  the  volume  contains  much  that  is  curious,  but 
no  more  chronograms. 


LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VI  185 

LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  THE  EMPEROR  CHARLES  VI. 
AND  ELIZABETH 

A  N  exceedingly  rare  book,  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley, 
J\  enables  me  to  present  at  one  view  an  example  of  the  efforts 
made  by  the  Jesuits  to  strengthen  their  popularity  at  the  court  of  the 
imperial  family  of  Germany,  at  the  time  when  unpopularity  was  press- 
ing on  them  generally  throughout  Europe.  The  feeling  against  them 
gained  force  from  various  reasons  until  about  the  middle  of  die 
eighteenth  century,  when  the  order  of  the  Jesuits  was  suppressed 
generally  in  Europe,  even  in  those  countries  where  the  order  took  its 
rise  and  flourished  under  the  most  powerful  auspices.  No  potentates  « 
were  so  much  honoured  and  flattered  by  the  use  of  chronograms  as 
those  of  the  house  of  Habsburg,  the  reigning  family  of  Austria ;  and 
especially  the  Emperors  Leopold  1.  and  Charles  vi.,  and  their 
progeny,  from  their  cradle  to  their  tomb.  The  Jesuits  were  very  busy 
at  this  work;  and  in  the  book  before  us,  the  birth  of  the  infant 
Leopold,  son  of  Charles  vi.  and  his  wife  Elizabeth,  is  hailed  as  a  very 
important  event,  and  hopes  were  fostered  that  he  would  in  time 
succeed  to  the  throne.  In  anticipation  of  that  event  the  chronograms 
call  him  Leopold  11.,  or  '  secundus/  or  even  '  secundissimus/  meaning 
both  '  the  second '  or  *  the  prosperous.'  These  hopes,  however,  were 
not  realised,1  and  many  prognostications  consequently  failed  of  fulfil- 
ment The  male  issue  of  Charles  vi.  having  died,  leaving  him  the 
last  of  the  male  descendants  of  his  race,  he,  before  his  death,  procured 
such  alteration  of  the  national  law  that  his  daughter  Maria  Theresia 
succeeded,  as  heiress  of  Austria,  to  the  throne  of  Hungary,  and  to 
his  Netherlands  dominions  in  1740. 

The  book  now  to  be  noticed  describes  thirty-four  festivals  held  at 
so  many  places  in  Bohemia,  promoted  by  the  Jesuits  to  celebrate  the 
birth  of  this  infant  Leopold  in  17 16.  The  attendant  expense  and 
trouble  must  have  been  large,  but  perhaps  not  greater  than  the  extent 
of  hopes  opened  up  to  the  Jesuits  by  the  event.  No  people  were 
better  qualified  than  the  members  of  the  order  to  undertake  the 
literary  work;  they  possessed  that  familiarity  with  the  classical 
writers  needful  to  the  selection  of  quotations  to  mingle  with  the  poetry 
and  chronograms,  and  that  knowledge  of  the  Latin  language  which 
was  indispensable  to  the  production  of  chronograms  in  such  number 
and  with  such  variety  of  treatment  of  the  subject  as  are  to  be  seen 
scattered  throughout  the  book.     The  descriptions  of  the  festivals 

1  The  following  dates  will  help  to  explain  some  of  the  allusions  in  the  work  now  to  be 
described.  Elizabeth  Christina  of  Brunswick  was  born  in  1691.  She  married  the  Emperor 
Charles  vi.  on  23d  April  1708  at  Vienna.  The  *  first  fruits '  of  this  marriage  was  Leopold, 
the  infant  hero  of  the  book.  He  was  born  on  13th  April  1716  (Easter  time),  after  a  'delay ' 
of  seven  years.  The  circumstance  is  pointedly  alluded  to  in  the  title-page  of  the  eighteenth 
festival.  He  died  in  November  in  the  same  year,  17 16.  After  her  marriage  she  became  a. 
{toman  Catholic,  and  was  highly  honoured,  as  these  festivals  demonstrate, 

2  A 


186         LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VL 

follow  in  close  succession,  not  in  the  usual  form  of  separate  tracts. 
The  book  is  a  folio  size,  252  pages,  not  numbered ;  yet  it  is  evidently 
printed  all  at  the  same  time,  and  in  the  same  year  when  the  festivals 
took  place.  It  contains  592  chronograms,  12  cabalas,  and  a  few 
anagrams.  So  far  as  a  selection  can  be  well  made,  I  believe  that  the 
transcripts  which  follow  are  fair  representatives  of  the  whole  series. 
Many  of  the  title-pages  and  titles  are  chronogrammatic.  The  total 
number  of  chronograms  in  the  book  is  592,  of  which  114  are  given  in 
the  following  extracts,  leaving  478  which,  for  various  reasons  men- 
tioned, I  have  not  transcribed. 

1  he  first  and  general  title-page  is  as  follows  : — 

AUGUSTALES  CUN^E 

Serenissimi  Archi-ducis  Austria?  Ducis  Asturiae 

Leopoldi  Joannis  Josephi  Antonii  Francisci  de  Paula 

Hermenegildi  Rudolphi  Ignatii  Bathasaris, 

Augustissimarum  Majestatum 
-     Caroli  vi.  et  Elisabethae  primo-geniti, 
Europae  Ciraelii, 
Regnorum  Spei, 
Seculorum  Pretii, 
Patriae  Pupillae, 
Sub  festival  Orbis  incendia  Genethliacis  honoribus, 
Flammisque  nocturnis  illustrate 
A 
soCIetate  IesV  )  , 

HiEREDlTARliE   PROVInCIjE   BOeMjE.  J  ' 

(Printed  at  Prague  ...  in  the  Clementine  College,  17 16.) 

The  opening  address  and  dedication  to  Charles  vi.  is  composed 
in  the  strongest  language  of  courtly  flattery,  and  grandiloquent  praise 
is  given,  even  in  this  early  period  of  his  existence,  to  the  newly  born 
infant  Archduke,  who  has  been  already  invested  with  the  dignity  and 
decorations  of  the  Order  of  the  Golden  Fleece.  The  fireworks  and 
bonfires  which  blazed  on  the  occasion  are  made  to  symbolize  the  light 
which  Austria  is  to  experience.  The  Emperor  is  personally  addressed 
thus, — 'Sed  enim  felicissime  Caesamm  Carole  Sol  es  inter  tot  Sidera 
in  Ccelo  Austria. ' 

1  he  first  subordinate  title-page  in  the  book,  which  precedes  the 
description  of  the  grand  festivities  at  Prague,  is  a  good  example  of 
the  conspicuous  use  of  chronograms  and  cabala.  It  is  handsomely 
printed,  covering  two  pages,  and  reads  as  follows — 

'  Verna  hILarIa  )  __  6 

LiETO,  et  festIVo  InCenDIo  anIMata.  j  ~"     x^! 

Quibus 
Inter    exultantium    Provinciarum    gaudia  hinc    paschalia,  indfe 
genethliaca,  augustissimo   imprimis   patri  Carolo  vi.    augustissimae 
matri  Elisabethae,  deinde 


LEOPOLD,  SON  Of  CHARLES  VI.  187 

serenIssIMo  parIter  arChI-DVCI  aVstrLe;  =     1716 

astrVrLe  De  oVIeDo,  et  De  santILLana  1  prInCIpI;      =     17 16 

MagnI  LeopoLDI  pII  CesarIs  aVgVsto  nepotI  ;  =     17 16 

GfiSAREiE  REGliEQVE   MaIeSTATIs   VICTORlOSO   HjEReDI,         =       1716 

Leopoldo 
Sub  florida  ejusdem  genethlia,  vernis  deliciis  coeva, 
Submissime  et  devotissime  applausit 
Academicum  collegium  Societatis  Jesu 
Pragae  ad  Sanctum  Clementem 
Anno,  quo  orbi  nata  est 
Soboles  dilecta  Deo,  Magnum  Jovis  incrementum/2  =     171 6 
307  142       59  308         358  542 

This  concluding  line  is  a  near  adaptation  of  the  words  of  a  familiar 
line,  Virgil,  Eel.  iv.  49 — 

'Cara  Detim  soboles,  magnum  Jovis  incrementura  !' 
i.e.  Dear  offspring  of  the  gods,  illustrious  increase  of  Jove. 
The  trifling  alteration  in  two  words  cause  the  sentence  to  give  out 
the  modern  date. 

The  festival  was  held  at  Prague  on  3d  to  6th  of  May,  the  principal 
object  of  attraction,  besides  the  fireworks,  was  a  *  pegma/  or  structure 
of  boards  and  scaffolding  116  feet  high  by  68  wide,  containing  alle- 
gorical figures,  symbols,  scenery,  etc.,  with  music  and  other  acces- 
sories, and  a  profusion  of  inscriptions,  chronograms,  and  'cabalas,' 
from  which  it  would  be  difficult  to  make  a  fair  selection. 

1  he  second  subordinate  title-page  is — 

'EROTEMA  GENETHLTACUM 
Quts  put  as  puer  iste  erit  ? 
motum  olim  in  Judaeae  Montanis  super  sancto  sanctorum  conjugum 
Zachariae  et  Elisabeth  unigenito,  nunc  in  Montibus  Juliis  super  feli- 
cissimo  sacratissimarum  Caesarearum  Majestatum  Carol i  ter  secundi 
et  Elisabeth  in  una  prole  ter  fcecundae  primogenito  Leopoldo  .  .  . 
resolutum  in  propylaeo  Novae  Basilicas  Sanctae  Mariae  Majoris,  collegii 
et  universitatis  Societatis  Jesu  Olomucii  anno, 

Quo  plusquam  serenissimo  ortu  suo  orbem  illustravit 

arChI-DVCVM  phoebVs.'  =1716 

This  festival  was  held  at  Olmiitz ;  the  subject  is  wrought  out  on 
the  question  in  the  title-page,  the  words  taken  from  the  Vulgate 
Version,  St  Luke  i.  66,  where  Elizabeth  says,  '  Quis,  putas,  puer  iste 
exit?'  \i.e.  What  manner  of  child  shall  this  bef\  Observe  that 
Leopold's  mother  bore  the  name  Elizabeth.  The  festival  was 
accompanied  by  the  usual  exhibition  of  symbolical  decorations,  with 
a  profusion  of  inscriptions  and  a  great  many  chronograms.  These 
among  them  give  a  special  answer  to  the  question  of  the  mother — 
hIC  pVer  MagnVs  est  LeopoLDVs.  =     17 16 


1  The  Spanish  titles  of  the  infant  Leopold. 

*  The  key  to  this  cabala  is  elsewhere  in  this  volume.     See  Index,  '  Cabala.1 


rfT%*TF*'J-V< 


erIt  MeVs  CharVs  LeopoLDVs  II  sVCCessor  DoMVs  aVstrIal —  *  I7 16 


188  LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  Vl 

LeopoLDVs  aVstrIaCorVM  spes.  =     1716 

eCCe  reX  InDorVM.  -  =1716 

HlC  PVER  IGNIS  ERlT  DISPELLENS  HiERESlS  VMbras.  =      1 7 16 

LeopoLDVs  MagnVs  VICtor.  =     17 16 

{  I716 
These  also  occur — 
eLIsabeth  peperIt  fILIVM  GesarI,  gaVDe  orbIs!  =     17 16 

eCCe  reX  InDorVM.  =     17 16 

This  is  prophesied '  without  prejudice  to  the  paternal  longevity,'  and 
is  one  of  the  unfulfilled  prognostications  which  I  have  alluded  to,  and 

erIt,  seD  ser6,  LeopoLDVs  seCVnDVs.  =     17 16 

The  principal  anagram  in  the  volume  is  on  sheet  l  2  ;  it  consists 
of  81  letters. 

1  he  third  subordinate  title-page  is  another  good  example  of  the 
use  of  chronograms,  indeed  it  is  almost  entirely  in  that  form — 

1  IDea  ConCeptVs  eX  teMpore.  =    1716 

Phosphorus  in  hespero,  Ortus  in  occasu, 
id  est 
M.  LeopoLDI  In  bInIs  nepotIbVs  poLo  soLoqVe  anastasIs;=     1716 

seV  )  _  . 

LeopoLDInI  noMInIs  resVsCItatIo,  J  I7 

praprIMIs  In  LeopoLDo  nepotVLo  II.  prorsVs  soLatIosa;=c     17 16 

pro 
Augustissimorum  Progenitorum 
Caroli  vi.  et  Elisabethae  ex  re  nata 
pasChaLI  gaVDIo,  et  gLorIosIs  trIVMphIs;  =     17 16 

pro 
orbIs  terrarVM  pLaVsV  aC  spLenDore,  =     17 16 

aD  } 

oCCIDVI  soLIs  VICarIas  faCes,  f  , 

VeCtIgaLI  IVbILo,  et  IVgI  VeneratIone,  (  ~~     I7I° 

In  tenebrIs  eXpressa,  et  eXhIbIta  ) 

AB 

aVo  aternVM  DeVoto  CoLLegIo,  =     17 16 

et 
obstrICtIssIMa  VnIVersItate  LeopoLDIna  =     17 16 

soCIetatIs  IesV  VVratIsLaVLe,  ) 

DIe  XXVIII  MensIs  qVartI  =     17 16 

AB   ANNi    PRjESENTIS   InItIO  ;  ) 

M0D6  Ver6  nonnVLLIs  aVCta,  =     1716 

PRiELoQVE,  LVCIqVe  Man  Data.'  =     1716 

This  festival  was  held  at  Breslau  with  the  usual  exhibition  of  decora- 
tions, and  a  *  pegma '  62  feet  high,  and  broad  in  proportion,  having  a  fine 
architectural  design,  allegorical  figures,  etc,  with  a  profusion  of  classical 
inscriptions  and  chronograms,  setting  forth  the  progress  and  splendour 
of  the  Imperial  family,  which  is  hardly  exceeded  by  that  of  the  sun  itself. 


^ 


LEOPOLD,  SON  OP  CHARLES  VI.  189 

1  he  fourth  subordinate  title-page  begins  with  a  chronogram — 

<Ver  arChI-DVCVM  =    1716 

Castra  parat,  Terras  recreat,  Coelumque  serenat  ; 

Dum 

Dilectus  nascitur  Hesperus :  {Claud,  in  Nupt.  Honor,  et  Mar.) 

Magnorum  Soboles  Regum,  spes  gentis  Iberge, 

.  .  Et  dubio  vanescit  Cynthia  Cornu.     {Idem  in  Phcenice.) 

Seu 
Natalitia  in  Paschate  gaudia/  etc.  etc. 
(On  the  birth  of  Leopold.) 
This  festival  was  held  at  Little-Prague  with  bonfires  and  fire-works; 
there  was  a  'pegma'  73  feet  high  filled  with  numerous  symbolical 
figures  of  persons  and  wild  animals ;  from  each  group  is  drawn  a  prog- 
nostication or  prophecy  of  Imperial  prosperity  ('  Vaticinium  onomas- 
ticum ').    The  whole  is  minutely  described,  and  it  must  have  been  very 
gorgeous  and  interesting.    As  usual  classical  quotations  are  abundant, 
with  verses  appropriate  to  the  occasion,  and  some  chronograms,  which 
are  scarcely  intelligible  without  the  accompanying  verses  and  pictorial 
symbols.    The  following,  however,  may  safely  stand  alone — 

TER   FELIX  PVERPERffi  PARTVs   LEOPOLDVs 

aVgVstVs  arChI-DVX  aVstrLe, 

CAROLO   ATQVE   ELISABETHS  1  fi- 

aVgVstIs  parentIbVs,  '  ' 

tot  VotIs  eXpetItVs 

In  pasChate  13  aprILIs  natVs. 

DVX  aVstrLe  In  CVnIs, 

eqVes  aVreI  VeLLerIs  In  fasCIIs, 

a  genItore  appeLLatVs, 

a  genItrICe  saLVtatVs, 

REGNlS  HiEREDlTARlIs  A   sVPERlS   PETItVs,  ^=       1716 

aVgVstVs  aVI  pII,  et  aVLe  nepos, 

TER  FAVSTVS  HESPERVs, 

serenItatIs  phosphor Vs, 
VTVat  Integer  parentIbVs,  sIbI,  patrIje,  et  nobIs  VIVat  \j 

The  fifth  subordinate  title  is  as  follows — 

< SERIES  APPLAUSUS  GENETHLIACI 
Neo-nato  .  .  .  Archiduci  Austrise  sub  schemate 
Herculis  ab  infantia  usque  ad  provectam 
iEtatem  ...  a  Brzeznitzensi  collegio  societatis 
Jesu  adornati.' 
This  festival  was  held  at  Brzeznitz,  and  on  a  smaller  scale  than 
the  foregoing  ones  ;  among  the  decorations  was  this  inscription — 

honorI  herCVLejE  soboLIs  )  =  g 

In  gaVDIa  erIgentIs  orbeM  J  ' 

serenIssIMI  aVstrI^  arChI-DVCIs  t=     17 16 

LI®IP®ILE)D    OBo 
DIes  aDornat  nataLes  pLaVDens  IesV  soCIetas  brzeznItzII.  =     1 7 16 


190         LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VI. 

1  he  sixth  subordinate  title  of  the  next  festival  is — 
'DESIDERIUM  COLLIUMJ  etc. 

It  was  held  'in  montesancto  ad  Przibramum  Civitatem  Montanara 
in  Boemia  sito  a  residentia  societatis  Jesu.'  ...  17  mensis  Maii, 
anno  17 16.  The  description  of  the  decorations  does  not  contain  any 
chronograms. 

1  he  seventh  subordinate  title-page  is  briefly  as  follows — 
'LEUNCULUS  AUSTRIACUS,  Agnello  Paschali  sociatus: 
Leopoldus  .  .  .  archi-dux  Austrian  ...  in  lucem  festivissimfe  editus 

ab  aVgVstIssIMIs  Inter  se  DesponsatIs  )  =  , 

CaroLo  et  eLIsabethA,  J  I71 

Idibus  Aprilis  Ferial  secunda  Paschatis, .  .  .  exceptus;  ...  a  Collegio 
Societatis  Jesu  Commotovii  .  .  .  Anno  ut  supra ;  Triduo  Majali  .  .  . 
(17th  to  19th  May  1716).' 

This  festival  was  held  at  Commotau  in  Bohemia,  the  'pegma' 
was  accommodated  in  the  entrance  ('propylaeum')  to  the  church  of 
St  Ignatius,  the  subject  was  from  Isaiah  xi.  6,  '  Leo  et  Ovis  simul 
morabuntur'  (words  of  the  Vulgate  Version).  The  groups  and 
decorations  were  '  magnificent,'  but  the  chronograms  few. 

1  he  eighth  subordinate  title-page  commences — 

*  LUX  GENETHLIACA  serenissimi  Archi-ducis  Austrian  .  .  . 
Leopoldi  .  .  .  illustrata  .  .  .  Dum  communibus  fidelium  subditorum 
applausibus  suos  debiti  obsequii  igniculos  adjiceret  in  umbra  devinct- 
issima  augustissimo  nomini  residentia  Societatis  Jesu  Mariae-Scheinae 
sub  Grupna.    Anno  quo,  exortum  est 

ter  aVspICatVM  DVCe  phosphoro,  =     1 7 16 

serenIssIMI  arChIDVCIs  aVstrLe,  =     17 16 

IpsIs  MensIs  aprILIs  IDIbVs,  orbI  feLICIter  natI        =     17 16 
DILVCVLVM.'  =     1 7 16 

The  title  thus  ends  with  one  of  the  few  words  that  are  composed 
entirely  of  the  numeral  letters.1  The  festival  was  held  at  Graupen  in 
Bohemia.  There  are  but  few  chronograms  in  the  description  of  the 
decorations,  but  Latin  verse  is  abundant.  Each  name2  of  the  infant 
Leopold  (all  of  them  also  being  the  names  of  saints),  were  illuminated, 
and  each  had  its  ample  tribute  of  poetry,  but  without  chronograms. 

The  ninth  subordinate  title  commences,  NOCTIL  l/CAS  JIOMA- 
GIORUM  PRIMITIVE  ad  Augustales  cunas,  ...  a  collegio 
Rosensi  societatis  Jesu  Crumlovii  Boemorum  Anno  1716  10  et  12 
Maii,  die  intermedio  per  aeris  intemperiem  impedito.' 

This  is  the  only  record  I  have  met  with  of  a  festival  being 
impeded  by  bad  weather ;  the  circumstance  is  quite  intelligible. 
This  happened  at  Krumlau.  A  very  handsome  'pegma/  46  feet 
high,  is  described,  with  its  decorations  and  pictures,  and  archway 
beneath  for  the  spectators  passing  about.     The  chronograms  require 

1  See  my  former  work  on  Chronograms^  pp.  88,  83. 

2  The  names  are  in  the  first  title-page  of  the  book. 


LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VI.  191 


their  accompanying  emblems  to  explain  them ;  the  following,  however, 
can  be  separated — 

LeopoLDo  J 

aVgVstIssIMI  CesarIs  nostrI  >=     1716 

porphyrogenIto,  j 

IaM  granDI  Intra  CVnas  eVropjE  prInCIpI.  =     17 16 

DeVInCtIssIMa  rosensIs  IesV  soCIetas,  =     17 16 

arDentes  hasCe  VotorVM  faVILLas  =     17 16 

eX  aMore  sVCCenDIt.  =     1716 

1  he  tenth  subordinate  title  begins — 

'SERENISSIMA  VERIS  FOECUNDITAS  felicibus  dives 
auguriis,  conspirante  in  jubilos  Europa,  serenissimo  archi-duci  .  .  . 
Leopoldo,  .  .  .  augustissimi  imperatoris  Caroli  vi.  filio  porphyro- 
genito1  .  .  . 

aDVMbrata,  et  eX  Integro  ConseCrata  =     17 16 

a  regIa,  et  G*sarea  DoMo  soCIetatIs  IesV  )  _  ^ 

VrbIs  egrensIs.  /  ' 

Bis  qVIna  fLorIDI  MaII  LVCe.'  =     17 16 

This  festival  was  held  at  Eger  in  Bohemia ;  there  was  a  very  grand 
1  pegma,'  with  illuminations  and  symbolic  groups.  Among  the  com- 
plimentary chronograms  to  the  infant  Archduke  were  the  following, 
pointing  to  his  present  and  future  honours — 

aVstrLe  DVLCe  LVMen.  =     17 16 

Ver  arChI-DVCVM.  =     1 716 

DeCVs  prjeCIpWM.  =5     1716 

DeCVs  aVstrIaCVM.  =     1716 

tVrCarVM  DeVICtor.  =     1716 

sVbDItorVM  oCeLLVs.  =     17 16 

DILVCVLVM  =     17 16 

fortVna  beLLIDVCVM.  =     1716 

The  eleventh  subordinate  title,  'OMNIA  FELIC1TATIS 
quatuordecim  arcubus,  et  Templi  turri  festivfe  illuminatis,  picturaque 
exornatis,  in  applausum  genethliacum  .  .  .  Leopoldo  .  .  .  reprae- 
sentavit  collegium  Soc.  Jesu,  Giczinii  10  Maii  17 16.' 

An  arch  was  erected  at  Gitschin  in  Bohemia,  with  emblems  and  a 
few  chronograms. 

The  twelfth  subordinate  title, «  OVUM  PASCHALE  seu  augus- 
tales  ovantis  Europse  spes,  quas  in  .  .  .  Leopoldo  .  .  .  Caesaris 
Carolo  vi.  primo-genito,  Dum  in  Pascha  natus  fuisset,  subjectissimis 
oculis  suspexit,  ac  Profundissima  submissione  venerata  est — 

InfIMa  IesV  soCIetas  C^sareI  et  regII  CoLLegII       )  _  , 

gLaCensIs  InCoLa.  J—     li™ 

A  festival  was  held  at  Glatz,  and  a  *  pegma '  with  local  emblems 
was  erected.     Several  chronograms  were  inscribed  thereon,  among 

1  This  is  a  favourite  epithet,  '  born  to  the  imperial  purple  ; '  it  frequently  occurs  among 
these  gratulations. 


/ 


192         LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VI. 

them  the  ( Easter  Egg '  mentioned  in  the  title  was  to  be  seen,  with 
this  inscription — 

In  pasChaLe  oWM  noVa  proLe  Donata.  =     1716 

The  thirteenth  subordinate  title,  '  TER  TRINjE  NVTRICES 
gratiae,  sive  noveni  ccelites,  etc.  ...  In  collegio  S.  J.  Glattoviae,  anno 
1716,  10  Maii.'  The  festival  held  at  Klattau,  in  Bohemia,  is  de- 
scribed, when  the  decorations  consisted  of  illuminated  pictures  sym- 
bolical of  the  event,  and  exhibiting  the  several  saints  whose  names 
the  infant  Archduke  bore.    The  chronograms  are  not  important. 

The  fourteenth  subordinate  title,  \FESTIVUM  PEGMA,  pro 
genethliaco  applausu  .  .  .  Leopoldi  (his  other  names  as  before),  .  .  . 
erectum  a  collegio  Glogoviensi  Societatis  Jesu  3  Maii  anno  1716.' 
This  festival  was  held  at  Glogau,  when  a  '  pegma '  36  cubits  high  was 
erected.  The  chronograms  are  combined  with  the  decorations.  This 
one  is  a  compliment  to  the  infant  Archduke — 

noVa  steLLa  DoMVs  habsbVrgIGe.  =     17 16 

And  this  one  closes  the  description  of  the  '  pegma ' — 

DeVs  serVet  CaroLVM,  et  eLIsabeth!  =     17 16 

sCeptroqVe  regIo  serVet  LeopoLDVM  !  =     17 16 

The  fifteenth  subordinate  title,  '  VOTUM  GENETHLIACUM 
ob  neo-natum  .  .  .  Leopoldum,  ...  In  communi  regiee  urbis 
Hradisstiensis  applausu,  a  collegio  Hradisstiensi  Societatis  Jesu  .  •  . 
Anno  17 16  .  .  .  10  Mail'  This  festival  was  held  at  Hradisch,  once 
a  monastery,  now  a  military  hospital  There  were  extensive  illumina- 
tions of  the  church  and  college,  and  numerous  inscriptions.  Among 
the  few  chronograms  was  this — 

honorI,  et  aMorI  neo-natI  arChI-DVCIs  aVstrL*.       =     1716 

The  sixteenth  subordinate  title,'  VOTORUMETAFFECTUUM 
tributum  serenissimis  genethliis  repensum,  .invictissimi  Romanorum 
imperatoris  Caroli  ter  secundi  regnorum  et  glorias  haeredi  secundissimo 

LeopoLDo  eXInDe  seCVnDo.  =     17 16 

.  .  .  cui  .  .  .  reverentissimo  homagio  advovebat  suis  sacris  majesta- 
tibus,  devinctissimum  collegium  soc  Jesu  Iglaviae.'  This  festival  was 
held  at  Iglau.  There  was  a  grand  ( pegma '  70  feet  high,  the  summit 
representing  sky  and  stars,  with  many  emblematical  groups  appropriate 
thereto,  together  with  symbols  of  imperial  rule.  The  inscriptions 
were  quotations  from  classical  authors,  or  verses  composed  after 
classical  models,  with  but  few  chronograms. 

The  seventeenth  subordinate  title  is  mostly  in  chronogram — 
'ferIa  seCVnDa  PAsCHiE  prIMogenItVs  Infans  hIspanLe,   =     1 7 16 
Serenissimus  archi-dux  Austriae,  princeps  Austria  Leopoldus, 

orbIs  totIVs  DeLICIVM,  et  LiETlTlA,  =     17 16 

in  communi  populorum  applausu,  pro  theatro  publicfe  erecto,  in 
Montibus  Kuttnis  ad  sanctam  Barbaram,  repraesentatus  a 
DeVota    Casarea    MaIestatIs    InfantI    hespero    soCIetate 

lESV,'  s=      17 16 


LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VL  193 

This  festival  was  held  at  Kuttenberg  in  Bohemia,  where  there  is  a 
fine  Gothic  church  dedicated  to  St  Barbara.  There  were  several 
separate  emblematic  groups,  among  which  that  saint  was  conspicuous. 
Chronograms  abounded  among  the  decorations,  bearing  particular 
allusion  to  the  various  groups  of  figures.  Towards  the  conclusion  is 
the  following,  which  is  allusive  to  the  silver  mines  which  existed  in  the 
neighbouring  mountains,  and  were  sources  of  wealth  to  the  town — 

appLaVsVs  genethLIaCVs  )  =  6 

aD  Montes  argenteos.  j  ' 

neo-genIto  serenIssIMo  arChI-DVCI  aVstrI^,  =     1716 

prIMogenIto  prInCIpI  astVrLe  \ 

LeopoLDo  >=     1 7 16 

PRjESENTATVs.  J 

The  eighteenth  subordinate  title,  '  CAROLI  VL  augustissimi 
principis,  et 

InVICtI  GesarIs  aDsInt  nVMIna  !  =     17 16 

(Statins  lib.  IV.  Sylva  IX.) 
dum  serenissimo  ejusdem  primogenito  Leopoldo  .  «  .  post  moram 
septem  annorum  tandem  nascenti  cunctatori,  et  novo  imperii  scuto 
(ita  Fabius  ille  Cunctator1  appellabatur  a  Romanis)  genethliacos 
honores,  inter  festivos  ignes,  et  ardentes  gestientis  animi  gratulationes, 
exhibet  Minima  Societas  Jesu  Lignicena,  Die  31.  Mensis  Mail.'  There 
is  but  one  chronogram  to  grace  the  decorations  in  honour  of  the 
imperial  infant  who  delayed  his  birth. 

The  nineteenth  subordinate  title,  '  FLORIDO-AUREI 
S&CULI  PRIMITIIS,  Caroli  vi.  et  Elisabethae,'  etc.  etc.  (which 
with  festive  fires,  was  applauded  by)  '  collegium  Ferdinandaeum  S.  J. 
Litomericii,'  anno  17 16.  This  festival  was  held  at  Leutmeritz  in 
Bohemia,  with  the  usual  emblematical  structures,  poetry,  and  inscrip- 
tions, but  few  chronograms. 

The  twentieth  subordinate  title,  * OMEN  FELICITATIS  Luce 
genethliaca  .  .  .  Leopoidi,  .  .  .  inter  publicos  Triurbis  Pragenae 
applausus,  ...  a  minima  Jesu  societate  Neo-Pragae  ad  S.  Ignatium.' 
This  festival  was  held  at  New-Prague,  at  the  church  of  St.  Ignatius, 
where  emblematical  groups  and  pictorial  subjects  were  illuminated 
with  all  known  colours.  The  chronograms  were  numerous,  and  the 
name  of  Leopold  appeared  everywhere  in  them  and  in  other  inscrip- 
tions.    This  one  alludes  to  the  foundation,  etc.,  of  the  college— 

CoLLegIVM  DIVI  IgnatII  neo-pragjE,  =     1716 

In  steLLIs  fVnDatIonIs  sternbergIC^  posItVM,       =     17 16 

VeneratIonI  neo-natI  LeopoLDI  DeDICaVIt.  =     17 16 

1  he  twenty-first  subordinate  title  is  begun  and  ended  in  chrono- 
gram— 
'aVrora    In    DIeI    oCCasV    IMperIIs    orta    (a    figurative  =     17 16 

1  See  note  at  p.  185,  antt, 
2  B 


194         LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VL 

allusion  to  the  birth  of  Leopold)  .  .  .  subindfe  inter  festivos  ignes 
adumbrata  a 

DeVotIssIMo  aVstrIje  CoLLegIo  nIssensL'  =     1 716 

This  title  is  allusive  to  the  birth  of  Leopold  in  the  evening,  about 
sunset,  viz.,  at  half-past  seven  o'clock. 

This  festival  was  held  at  Neisse  in  Silesia,  with  the  usual  decora- 
tions and  emblems,  bearing  appropriate  inscriptions  and  some 
chronograms.  The  star  of  Austria  and  Asturia  is  alluded  to  in  words 
taken  from  Genesis  L  14,  in  the  Vulgate  Version — 

h*:C  aVstrIjE  et  astVrIa:  steLLa,  ) 

posIta  >=     1 7 16 

In  sIgna,  TE&fPORA,  Diss,  et  annos.  ) 

The  twenty-second  subordinate  title,  ' NOVELLUS  SUR- 
CULUS  in  campos  Austriacos  ab  Austriacis  alaudis  depositus  cum 
acroamate :  .  .  .  Minimis  Jesu  sociis  Novae  Domi1  10  Maii  1716/ 
There  was  a  'pegma'  surmounted  by  the  Austrian  eagle,  with 
emblems  of  the  c  Austrian  alauda '  or  '  lark,'  the  olive  branch,  the 
imperial  apple  or  orb  of  the  imperial  insignia.  Fortune  offers  the 
cornucopia  to  the  new-born  Leopold — 

Prospera  constantes  figet  Fortuna  triumphos, 
aVrea  sjeCLa  fLVent  te  DoMInante  pVer.  =     17 16 

The  many  bits  of  votive  poetry  are  thus  terminated — 

kmC  VoVet  noVo-DoMena  soCIetas.  =     17 16 

The  twenty-third  subordinate  title,  'PEGMA  TRIUMPUALE 
serenissimis  cunis  •  .  .  Leopoldi  .  .  .  inter  festivos  applausus,  et 
universalia  tripudia  erectum  a  Minimi  Jesu  Societate  in  collegio 
Oppaveno.'  Anno  1716.  Mense  Maia  This  festival  was  held  at 
Troppau.  There  was  a  grand  '  pegma,'  80  feet  high  by  48  wide,  in 
the  form  of  a  theatre,  with  many  emblematical  groups,  inscriptions, 
and  chronograms  appropriate  thereto.  The  last  one  is  associated 
with  the  genius  of  the  gymnasium  or  academy  of  Troppau — 

CVnIs  LeopoLDI  reVerentIssIMI:  se  sIstIt,  =     17 16 

en  prInCIpI  sVo  CaDIt  gyMnas  oppaVIensIs,  =     17 16 

a    fortItVDIne    LaVreas,   perennItateM  a   ConstantIa  )  =  6 

LlBET  PRiESAGlRE.  J  ' 

1  he  twenty-fifth  subordinate  title  is  entirely  in  chronogram — 

'appLaVsVs  genethLIaCVs 

aVgVstjE  proLI,  neo-nato  arChI-DVCVLo 

LeopoLDo 

Inter  renoVatos  eVropje  festIVos  Ignes, 

reVerenter  obLatVs 

AB 

InDIgenIs  MIssIonarIIs  C^sareIs  soCIetatIs  IesV,      =     17 16 
1  There  are  several  places  in  Austrian  territory  called  '  Nenhaus.' 


►=      1716 


1716 
1716 


LEOPOLD,  SON  OF  CHARLES  VI.  195 

iER/B  ChrIstIana  I  =  6 

tesChInII  DIe  tertIo  VIrentIs  MaIL'  /  ' 

This  festival,  held  at  Teschen  in  honour  of  the  '  new-born  little 
Archduke,'  was  not  adorned  by  chronograms. 

The  twenty-sixth  subordinate  title,  '  DESCRTPTIO  AP- 
PLAUSpS  GENETHLIACI  quem  serenissimis  cunis  ... 
Leopoldi,  .  .  .  submissime  detulit  collegium  Oppoliense  societatis 
Jesu;  anno, 

qVo  noVA  progenIe  CceLo  DonaMVr  ab  aLto.'  =     17 16 

A  'pegma,'  with  emblems  of  the  usual  character,  was  erected. 
The  narrative  concludes  with  this  notice  of  the  last  group  therein,  of 
three  kneeling  genii  and  votive  inscriptions — 

Postremb  ad  gradus  pegmatis  terni  spectabiles  adgeniculabantur 
Genioli ;  primus  e  latere  dedicationem  inchoabat : 

LeopoLDo,  Iosepho,  IoannI  antonIo  IgnatIo,  .      )  =  , 

NEO-NATO  ASTVRliE   PrInCIpI   OPTANS   PERENNlTATEM.     J  ' 

Alter  in  medio  continuavit : 

Vno  CorDIVM  affeCtV:— Vna  VotorVM  ConCorDIa.=  j 

Tertius  a  sinistro  latere  terminavit : 
ereXIt,  eXtrVXItqVe,  DebItte  VeneratIonIs,  \ 

OBSERVANTliE,   ET  AMORlS  f  =       1716 

ergo  soCIetas  IesV  oppoLIensIs.  j 

Atque  itk  perennem  eidem  vovit  Pacem  et  Felicitatem. 

1  he  twenty-seventh  subordinate  title-page  commences  with  a 
chronogram  of  the  date  in  one  word, 

'DILVCVLVM  =    1716 

in  crepusculo, 

seu 
ortVs  In  oCCasV1  roMano  fe  syDere  phcebVs,   #     .  =     1716 
serenissimum  Imperii  Sydus,2  Soboles  fulgentior  astris,8  Serenissimae 
domui  Austriacae,   occasum  nescienti,   Imperatorum  parenti,  atque 
imprimis  augustissimo    Romanorum    Imperatori   Carolo    vi.    natus- 
serenissimus  archi-dux  primogenitus  Asturiae  princeps  Leopoldus,  •  .  . 
optatissimus  haeres,  ab  avitis  provinces,  regnis,  terrisque  haereditariis 
omnibus,  Tot  votis  desideratus,   Quot    in  aethere  sydera    lucent,4 
Secundo  syderum  cursu,  Felicissimisque  auspiciis,  Horizonti  Reginae- 
Hradeceno,  inter  festivos  ignes, 

genethLIaCo  appLaVsV  DeMonstratVs  =     17 16 

a  Caesareo,  Regioque  collegio  Minimae  Soc  Jesu,  Reginae-Hradecii, 
die  10  Maii.' 

1  Alluditur  ad  tempus  nativitatis,  circa  occasum  solis,  et  ad  vaticinium  v.  P.  Stredonii : 
'  cum  te consumptum  putaveris,  orieris  ut  Lucifer.' — Job  xi.  17.  (Seethe  twenty-first  title, ante.) 
*  Claudian,  de  6.  Consul  Honorii. 

3  Claudian,  de  ConsuL  Prob. 

4  Ovid,  L.  1.  Trist.  Eleg.  4. 


198  CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR. 

CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR,  FONS  LNEXHAUSTUS. 

A  folio  volume,  sumptuously  printed  at  Prague,  on  284  pages, 
composed  by  the  Society  of  Jesuits  in  Bohemia,  to  celebrate 
a  supposed  jubilee  of  Charles  vi.  as  king  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire, 
and  which,  by  some  interpretation  of  the  figures  used  in  the  narrative, 
is  made  to  represent  the  year  753  b.c,  the  era  of  the  building  of 
Rome,  the  year  753  a.d.,  the  alleged  year  of  the  building  of  Prague, 
and  the  year  1723,  that  in  which  the  book  was  printed ;  the  same  date 
1723  is  given  by  all  the  chronograms.  This  is  all  very  fanciful.  The 
plan  of  the  work  consists  of  nine  sections,  under  the  names  of  certain 
real  or  imaginary  fountains  of  the  old  classical  times,  with  appropriate 
engraved  emblems,  historical  narratives,  poems  and  odes  in  various 
metre,  in  which  chronograms  and  cabalistic  dates  are  mingled,  all 
intended  to  heap  up  praise  and  flattery  on  the  Emperor  Charles  vi. 
and  his  wife  Elizabeth.  The  title  is  somewhat  prolix ;  it  enlarges  on 
the  idea  of  the  fountains  and  the  Roman  era.  There  is  a  large 
engraved  emblematical  frontispiece,  representing  the  emperor  on  horse- 
back as  if  in  mid-air,  leaping  from  a  rock  from  which  many  fountains  of 
water  spout  forth,  supplying  peace  and  prosperity  to  his  country  and 
to  Europe.     It  is  subscribed  with  this  metrical  couplet — 

Gloria  et  Augusti  hoc  manant  ex  fonte  triumphi, 
Publica  et  Europae  profluit  inde  salus. 
The  book  is  in  the  British  Museum,  press-mark  1864.  a  4.  A 
former  owner  wrote  on  the  fly-leaf  (that  he  bought  it  at  Augsburg  at 
the  small  cost  of  2  florins  30  kreutzers)  '  Emi  Aug.  Vindel.  1803. 
Compt.  2  f.  30  xV — the  present  value  would  be  at  least  twenty  times 
as  much.    The  title-page  is  as  follows — 

Fons  Inexhaustus  immortalis  glorise  publics  salutis  augustarum 
virtutum,  et  gratiarum  Augustissimus  Romanorum  Imperator  Carolus 
sextus  "Germanise,  Hispaniae,  Hungarian,  et  Bohemias  rex  etc.  etc.  (sic) 
Praeprimis  quidem  recepto  in  augustissimum  caput  haereditario  ejusdem 
regni  diademate,  Subinde  verb  universi  regni,  fidelisque  populi  piis 
votorum  laureolis  devotissime  coronatus.  Jungente  humillimum 
quoque  studium  ejusdem  subjectissimae  devotionis  minimae  Societatis 
Jesu  per  Bohemiam  provincia. 

Anno  mdccxxiii. 

Nimirum 

(It  continues  on  the  back  of  the  title-page,) 

eXaCtIs  MILLe  annIs  ab  Vrbe  fVnData  =     1723 

DVLCIssIMa  IVbILeI  sVnt  InItIa,  =     1723 

Et  tanti  quidem, 

Quantum  mundas  a  sui  principio  vix  bis  ter  numeraverit 

Magnum  videri  assolet, 

Si  annorum  decades  in  saeculum  confluant, 

Nunc  exhaustas  saeculorum  decades  Praga  numerat, 

Qub  vetustior,  eb  pukhrior. 


CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR.  199 

Et  si  id  quidem  veterum  Ducum  beneficio, 

Hodie  certfe  longfe  luculentihs 

Universum  vivificante  Regnum 

Augustissima  Gratia 

Clementissimi  Caesaris 

Regis  Coronati. 

Unde  Problema :  An  annus  hie  Jubilceus  dicendus 

Ex  lapsis  mille  annis  ab  Urbe  condita  ? 

An.  a  recens  nato  Jubilo 

Ex  clementissima  Coronati  Regis  Praesentia  ? 

Pro  hoc  sto.  Cado. 

Problema  solutum : 

granDe  nVnC  LabItVr  IVBlLiEVM  =     1723 

Ob  transactos  mille  annos  a  Praga  condita ; 

Sed 

granDIVs  IVbIIjeVM 

CaroL  Vs,  =     1723 

Qui  non  modb  Hsereditario  Sibi  Regno, 

Sed  omni  recti  sentienti  mundo 

Nunquam  non  impensissimi  Jubili 

Amabilem  imponit  necessitatem, 

Dum  Iromortali  Ejus  Glorias 

Virtutum  Majestati, 

Augustisque  Triumphis 

Yix  mille  saeculorum  cambium  facile  suffecerit. 


It  will  be  impossible  to  describe  this  'fountain'  of  all  that  is 
excellent,  and  to  follow  the  allegory  from  place  to  place  through  the 
volume.     The  following  extracts  must  suffice : — 

At  page  23  there  is  an  emblem  of '  Fons  coronatus  perennis  gloriae 
de  augustissima  domo  Hapsburgica  secundum  illud  Joelis  Prophetse 
c  3.  v.  18,  Fons  de  domo  Domini  egreditur;   and  this  chronogram 
follows  after  four  lines  of  Latin  verse — 
ConstantIA,  et  fortItVDIne  aVgVstVs  MonarCha.  =     1723 


At  page  26  this  commences  a  '  periphrasis  lyrica ' — 
epItoMe  spLenDorIs,  atqVe  gLorIjE 

AVGVSTVS   CiESAR. 


}- 


1723 


At  page  33  this  precedes  a  Latin  ode — 

ter  aVspICatVM  ) 

De  fVtVrIs  >=     1723 

prognostICon.  j 


200  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

At  page  36  another  ode  concludes  with 

Epiphonema  Cabalisticum. 

Ex  sensu  Martialis  lib.  8.  Epigr.  74. 

Mirificus  reddit  miracula  Caesar  Avorum ; 

436  202         344  180    ^      561 

Nee  patitur  vincens  tempora  prisca  mori. 
48       55°         387  326         243       169 

Nam  nova  dum  condit,  revocat  Romana  priora ; 
71      291     234     206  439  202         280 

Omnino  id  Caroli  est,  quod  fuit,  est,  et  erit 
219       13     163     195    324     315    195  105  194 
Surama  singulorum  versuum 
1723. 
The  key  to  this  cabala,  and  to  others  which  follow,  will  be  found 
at  page  41  of  Chronograms,  also  at  pp.  311,  442,  and  445,  ibid.     Add 
together  the  numbers  represented  by  each  letter,  then  each  word  will 
show  the  quantity  placed  beneath  it;  every  line  gives  the  date  1723. 
abedefghijk    1    m  n    opqr    s       t    uv    w    x      y     z 
123456789  10  20  30  40  50  60  70  80  90  100  200  300  400  500  600 
At  page  40  this  chronogram  precedes  an  ode,  '  Paraphrasis  lyricae 
epitome  chronica  * — 

IngentIs  anIMI  ConstantIa,  et  fortItVDo  I 

aVgVstI  CesarIs.  J  '  3 

At  page  77  this  chronogram  precedes  an  ode — 

trInaCrIa  IVstIs  aVstrLe  arMIs  VInDICata.  =     1723 

And  this  '  Epiphonema  cabalisticum  *  concludes  it — 

Tutandae  firmat  Carolus  fujidamina  terrae 

451  226        444  331  271 

Me  Europaei  stat  velut  orbis  Atlas. 

54       410       291     525      231      212 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  82  this  chronogram  precedes  an  ode  on  the  victories  over 
the  Turks  in  Hungary,  '  Paraphrasis  lyricae  epitome  chronica ' — 
haVD  VLLIs  CiESAR  sVperatVr  fortIs  ab  arMIs.  =     1723 

At  page  104  this  cabala  follows  after  several  odes  on  victories 
over  the  Turks  in  Hungary.     '  Epiphonema  cabalisticum ' — 
Odrysia  ensiferas  objectat  Luna  phalanges, 
634  326  270        261         232 

Experta  invictam  Caesaris  ista  manum. 
551  392  279       200       301 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  108  this  chronogram  precedes  an  ode  and  some  other 
verses  on  the  emperor's  success  against  the  Turks — 
In  ConstantIa,  et  fortItVDIne  VICtorIosIssIMVs.  =     1723 


CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR. 


201 


Another,  at  page  121 — 
VICtorIa,  et  trIVMphVs  De  tVrCa.  =     1723 

And  at  page  144  a  poem  on  the  same  subject  concludes 
thus — 

Vestrum  hoc  augurium,  vestro  est  in  Numine  Caesar  Austriacus, 
Fortuna  Ejus,  Constantia  Fortis 

VenIt,  VIDIt,  VICIt  InIMICos;  =     1723 

Indfe  jam 
DoMVI,  aC  throno  ILLIVs  paX.  =     1723 

L.  3  Regum  ii.  33.     (English  version,  1  Kings  ii.  33.) 

Epiphonema  Cabalisticum. 

Ingestas  Martis  flammas  compescuit  undis 

342  310         178  550  343 

Pacta  Europaeis  sic  data  pax  populis. 

165         500       102  106    361     489 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  148  this  chronogram  precedes  an  ode  about  the  Castalian 
fountain — 

VI a  regIa  sapIentLe  )  = 

a  reCta  non  DeVIat  seMIta  In  anfraCtIbVs.         j  '  3 

Another  at  page  150 — 
Vt  terso  In  speCVLo  prVDentIa  spLenDet  In  VnDa.  =     1723 

At  page  163  another  ode,  on  the  emperor's  wisdom,  concludes 
with  this  '  Epiphonema  cabalisticum' — 

Largifluum  stillando  replet  sapientia  Fontem 

573.  334  270  315  231 

Amplifica  est  terrfe,  quod  fluit  ind&,  salus. 

139  *95     271      324     335     58      401 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  165  this  chronogram  precedes  an  inscription  on  a  fountain, 
'Fonssignatus' — 

It&  certfe 
arCana  CasarIs  CaroLI  ConsILIa  I 

fortItVDIne,  et  ConstantIA  sVnt  CVstoDIta.  j  ""     I'2^ 

Another  chronogram,  at  page  167,  precedes  some  verses— 

feLIX  sVb  rosa  fronDet  ConsILIVM.  =     1723 

At  page  170,  an  ode  entitled  (Plenior  Hippocrenes  influxus  in 
concham  Fontis  symbolici,'  concludes  with  this  'Epiphonema 
cabalisticum,'  alluding  to  the  ( Fons  signatus ' — 

Qu&m  bene  Apollineum  signat  custodia  Fontem  : 
301       52  435  247        457  231 

Est  princeps  populi  scire  tacere  salus. 

195       347  399       187       194       401 

Each  verse  makes  1723 

2C 


202  CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR. 

At  page  174  the  Fons  sacer  coronate  pietatis  (of  the  Emperor)  is 
followed  by  an  ode  to  him,  headed  by  this  chronogram — 
In  ConstantIa,  atqVe  fortItVDIne  prInCeps  pIIssIMVs.    =     1723 

And  a  long  eulogistic  poem  concludes  with  this  ( Epiphonema 
cabalisticum,'  at  page  195 — 

Irriguo  emanant  Pietatis  Fonte  triumphi 

435  2I7  374         201  496 

Quos  compugnando  Turcia  victa  dedit. 

410  43s  393       3^3      "* 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  197  the  Fons  Carolina  clementiae  is  supposed  to  bear  an 
inscription  containing  these  words — 

Meminit  se  esse  Principem,  et  prop&  Patrem 
Dum  urget 
IVDICIs  offICIVM  est  IVstItIa.  =     1723 

And  this  line,  adapted  from  Virgil,  Georg.  ii.  243 — 

fLVIt  DVLCIs  De  fontIbVs  VnDa.  =     1723 

[This  is  an  adaptation  of  the  words  of  Virgil ;  he  is  speaking 
of  the  treatment  of  a  poor  soil  imbued  with  salt,  and  proceeds 
thus— 

1  Hue  ager  ille  malus,  dulcesque  a  fontibus  undae 
Ad  plenum  calcentur,'  etc 

i.e.  *  Hither  let  some  of  that  vicious  mould,  and  sweet  water  from  the 
spring  be  pressed  brimful]  etc.] 

At  page  198  the  Fons  dulcis  coronate  Clementiae  (of  the 
Emperor)  is  made  the  subject  of  some  flattering  remarks,  conclud- 
ing thus — 

Sic 
VIVa  fLVIt  De  fortI  DVLCeDo,  =     1723 

et 

CONSTANS  CLEMENTlA  CAROL!   SEXtI  CiESARlS  )   __  . 

neCtareI  sVperat  offICIa  fontIs.  j  ""     x^23 

And  at  page  202  an  ode  on  the  same  subject  concludes  thus — 

Sic  clemens  Carolus  Sextus  micat  Unus  in  omni, 

versibus  ergo  tuis 

pLVres  noLo  Canas  CaroLos:  seD  DICIto  phcebe 

VnICVs  est  CaroLVs.  =     1723 

An    ode  to    the    clemency,   constancy,  and    fortitude    of   the 
Emperor  ends  at  page  207  with  this  '  Epiphonema  cabalisticum ' — 
Si  blanda  exaequat  Superis  Clementia  Regem 
99      68  682  534  213  127 

Belliger  in  terris  Jupiter  est  Carolus. 
148     49    364        523     195 
Each  verse  makes  1723. 


CHARLES  VI.  EMPEROR.  203 

At  page  209  the  Fons  inexhaustus  coronate  munificentiae  (of  the 
Emperor)  is  followed  by  odes,  headed  by  these  chronograms,  at  pp. 
212,  213 — 

granDIs  regVM  thesaVrVs  feLICItat  popVLos.         =     1723 
In  MVnIfICentIa  prInCIpIs  fVnDatVr  orbIs.  =     1723 

And  at  the  conclusion  is  this  ( Epiphonema  cabalisticum  ' — 

Omnigenas  effundit  opes,  superaddit  Honores 

272  370       205  ss3  323 

Omnino  est  Carolus  non  nisi  Munificus. 

219      195      444      130    148        587 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  215  the  Fons  libratus  coronate  Justitiae  (of  the  Emperor) 
is  followed  by  a  lyric  poem  headed  thus — 

REGlA  CiESARlS  ASTRjEA  )  _ 

Dat    CVIqVe    sWM.  /-     *'23 

At  page  218  there  is  a  Latin  oration  of  ten  pages,  commencing 
thus — 

carolvs  vi. 
In  ConstantIa,  et  In  fortItVDIne  Cjbsar  )  _ 

IVstIssIMVs.  J  ""     I7*3 

At  page  228  a  '  Carmen  epicum  '  is  thus  introduced — 

IVstItIa  sVb  LIqVIDo  sCheMate  fontIs  LIbratI.       =     1723 

And  at  page  244  a  '  Prosa  panegyrica y  concludes  thus,  referring 
also  to  Isaiah  xii.  4 — 

IVDICabIt  gentes,  et  argVet  popVLos  MVLtos.  =     1723 

Epiphonema  cabalisticum. 

Undosum  populi  Fontem  te  Carole  anhelant 

614  399         231     105     159      ^  215 

Effundis  Czechiae  flumina  Justitiae. 

360  534  306  523 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  245  the  Fons  refrigerii  Coronata  animi  moderatio  (of  the 
Emperor)  is  supposed  to  bear  an  inscription  containing  these  words 
from  Seneca  de  ConsoL  ad  Marcia,  '  Et  verb  magni  Animi  est  magna 
contemnere,  ac  mediocria  malle,  qukm  nimia;  ilia  utilia,  vitaliaque 
sunt,  haec  eb  qubd  superfluunt,  nocemV 

Nimirum 
aVrea  MeDIoCrItas  C^esarI  Vt  thesaVrVs.  =     1723 

And  at  page  247  an  ode  is  thus  introduced,  having  as  a  refrain  to 
each  stanza  the  last  three  words  of  the  chronogram — 

LeX  Vna  CaroLo:  ne  qVID  nIMIs.  =     1723 

Two  pages  of  eulogistic  prose  conclude  at  page  255  with  this 
( Epiphonema  cabalisticum ' — 


2o4  CHARLES  VI  EMPEROR. 

Flectit  Achillaeum,  medio  tutissimus,  Orbem 
243  297  98  918  167 

Carolus,  et  semper  culmina  summa  tenet.  - 
444     105     270         203  351       250 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 
At  page  256  the  Fons  Carolinus,  fons  salutis  publics  coronatus, 
is  described,  concluding  with  these  encouraging  words,  'Ad  hunc 
salutis  Fontem  accurrite  fideles  populi,  quos  qualiscunque  mali 
accessio,  aut  rerum  aegritudo  infestat,  infallibile  hie  salutis  remedium 
reperturi;  nam  a  ConstantIa,  et  fortItVDIne  popVLorVM 
saLVs.  =     1723 

At  page  259  a  lyric  poem  is  thus  introduced — 

tVtIor  hIsCe  saLVs  popVLo  proManat  ab  VnDIs.       =     1723 
The  same  words  form  also  the  concluding  line.     An  ode  next 
follows,  headed  thus — 

LIMpIDa  CaroLInI  fontIs 
no VI,  atqVe  VeterIs  anaLogIa. 
This  chronogram  makes  1773 ;  it  agrees  with  the  original ;  the 
author  probably  intended  it  for  1723.    At  the  conclusion  is  this 
1  Epiphonema  cabalisticum ' — 

Plorandis  lassata  malis  dum  regna  fatiscunt, 

354  303       150     234      133         549 

Fert  obventuram  Fons  Carolinus  opem. 

191  708  186  493  145 

Each  verse  makes  1723. 

At  page  262  the  section  devoted  to  the  '  Coronatus  Fons  gratiarum' 

(of  the  Emperor)  has  a  pretty  engraving  of  the  fountain,  with  this 

inscription,  adapted  from  Isaiah  lvii.  2,  *  Thronus  gratiarum  ' — 

'tanqVaM  fons,  CVIVs  non  DefICIent  aqVjb.'  =     1723 

And  at  page  264  an  ode  in  Sapphic  verse  is  introduced  by  this 
couplet — 

gratIa  reDDenDa  est  fontI,  eX  qVo  gratIa  CVnCta  est.=     1723 
bIs  CentVM  CharItes  eXpetIt  Vna  Dvas.  =     1723 

A  note  interprets  the  last  word  as  *  Gemina  Augustiss.  Majestas.' 
This  chronogram  is  at  the  conclusion  of  the  last  stanza  of  the  ode — 
Gratis  Fontem  redimite  sertis 
Floreis  Gentes,  mtminisse  par  est 
Gratia,  dum  par  nequit  ulla  reddi 

Gratia  Fonti, 
qVI  IVsta  sVI  DesIDerIa  )  _ 

et  In  orIente  aCCenDIt.  J  ""     I723 

We  now  reach  the  conclusion  of  this  very  remarkable  work.  At 
page  281  there  is  a  Carmen  Seculare,  Sapphic  verse,  by  which  the 
Bohemian  Society  of  Jesuits  crowns  the  unexhausted  Fountain  of 
Graces  to  their  Majesties  Charles  and  Elizabeth.  It  contains  no 
chronogram,  and  concludes  with  these  words — 


r 


CHARLES  VL  EMPEROR. 

Epiphonema  Cabalisticum 
Accidimus  Fonti :  sacra  Ilium  Vota  coronant ; 
349.  ^        205        175      279       351        364 
Ctim  mens  inferior  plura  referre  nequit. 
233     165        279        361        261         424 
Dii  tribuant  grates,  derivent  munera  caeli ! 
22  ^     532         283  443  356       87 

Austriacae  augmqitent  Pignora  mille  Domds  ! 
490  528  247         84         374 

Summa  singulorum  versuum :  1723. 

Nondum  Finis. 
totVs  EVROPiE  MVnDVs  panegyrICos  sCrIpserIt: 

CaroLI,  et  eLIsabeth^e 

MagnItVDInIs  aVgVstve 

non  erIt  fInIs. 


205 


}■ 


1723 
1723 


1 


miNL 


$*<r!% 


GERMAN  DUKES  AND  LANDGRAVES. 


DUKE  OF  BAVARIA. 

SMALL    quarto  volume   of   congratulations   (British 
Museum,  press-mark  637.   d.    15).     The  first  con- 
gratulation is  in  German  and  Latin,  adorned  with 
emblems  nicely  engraved,  and  bears  this  title — 
'AURORA  EXORTA,' 
etc  etc 

addressed  to  Ferdinand,  Duke  of  Bavaria,  and  Adelaide  Henrieta 
his  wife,  on  the  birth  of  the  Princess  Maria  Anna  Christina  Josepha 
Theresia  Cajetana  Antonia  Francisca  Felix  Hyacinta  Victoria. 
(Felicissime  progenita). 

Anno  quo 
gratIa  De  CceLIs  boIas  ManaVIt  In  oras.  =.    1660 

i.e.  Grace  from  heaven  hath  spread  into  the  Bohemian  territory. 
The  author's  name  is  Dominicus  Franciscus  Calin. 
Monachii,  Typis  Lucae  Straubii. 

On  page  18,  the  last  of  this  congratulation,  is  this  chronogram — 
sIt  honor 
Deo  trIno  et  Vno 

In  V=     1660 

CceLIs  et  In  terra 
aMen. 
i.e.  Honour  be  to  the  Triune  God  both  in  heaven  and  in  earth.     Amen. 

1  hen  follows  another  congratulation  in  Latin  prose  called  the 
'  Rising  Sun,1  addressed  to  the  same  Duke  Ferdinand  and  Adelaide 
on  the  birth  of  their  son  Maximilian  EmanueL  It  was  printed  at 
Munich  in  1662  ;  it  is  adorned  with  a  series  of  elaborately  engraved 
emblems  ;  the  title  commences — 

'SOL  ORIENS.' 
etc.  etc 

An  elaborate  frontispiece  next  follows,  of  which  the  accompanying 
illustration  is  a  facsimile,  showing  the  following  chronograms — 


DUKE  OF  BA  VAR2A.  207 

Maximilianus  Emmanuel 
raVarjB  DoMVs  feLICItas.  =     1662 

CokLI      )  tkrrmqVe   \   =     1662 

gaVDIVM./  DeLICIVM,/    =     1662 

sICVt  soL  orIens  MVnDo.  =     1662 

aVIta  seDIs  CoLVMen.  =     1662 

proMIssVs  a  Deo  eLeCtor  baVarLe.  =     1662 

i.e.  Maximilian-Emmanuel,  the  happiness  of  the  house  of  Bavaria. — 
The  joy  of  heaven. — And  the  delight  of  the  earth.— fust  as  a  sun  rising 
in  the  world. — The  column  of  his  ancestral  throne. — Elector  of  Bavaria, 
a  promise  from  God. 

The  text  which  accompanies  each  emblem  is  finished  off  by  a 
sentence  ending  with  some  appropriate  chronogrammatic  words. 

The  first  emblematical  engraving  contains  the  sun ;  the  text  con- 
cludes thus — 

Quapropter  tu  a  nobis  VerI  soL  MagnVs  DICerIs.       =     1662 
i.c    Wherefore  thou  shall  be  called  by  us  truly  a  great  sun. 

A  mere  description  would  not  set  forth  satisfactorily  some  of  the 
emblems,  nothing  less  than  a  facsimile  copy  and  a  transcript  of  a 
whole  page  of  text  would  suffice ;  I  can  only  notice  the  chronograms 
here,  and  some  of  the  accompanying  words  to  complete  the  sentence. 
The  next  one  concludes  thus — 

Liceat  ergo  tuis  cunis,  princeps  serenissime,  applaudere,  dum  prselu- 
dentia  tuae  nostrseque  felicitati  De  CceLIs  Manant  aVgVrIa.       =     1662 
i.e.  May  it  be  permitted  therefore  to  applaud  thy  cradle,  O  most  serene 
prince,  whilst  preluding  auguries  proceed  from  heaven. 

The  next  emblem  is  a  cedar  tree — Sicut  cedrus  Libani  multipli- 
cabitur  baVarIG*  DoMVs  propago  et  gLorIa.  =     1662 

i.e.  As  a  cedar  of  Zibanus  the  offspring  and  glory  of  the  house  of  Bavaria 
will  be  multiplied 

The  text  belonging  to  the  next  emblem  concludes  thus — 
Hinc  nos  extremi  superfusi  laetitia,  hoc  Lemma  tuis  inscribimus  aris, 
Tarde  quidem,  sed  prudenter   optatos    PATRliE    Dat    aDeLaIDa 
frVCtVs.  =     1662 

i.e.  Hence  being  overwhelmed  with  extreme  joy,  we  inscribe  on  thine  altar 
this  motto,  {Heaven)  slowly  indeed  but  prudently  gives  the  wishedfor 
fruits  of  Adelaide  to  the  country. 

The  next  emblem  represents  Pegasus  on  a  rock,  which  he  strikes 
with  his  foot,  and  causes  a  copious  fountain  of  water  to  gush  forth 
over  an  assemblage  of  ten  figures  seated  at  the  base ;  intended  for 
Apollo  and  the  Muses  at  the  fountain  of  Helicon.  Fave  proinde 
serenissime  princeps  Heliconio  Fonti,  qui,  ut  tuis  se  devoveant 
auspiciis,  ad  tuas  cunas  nVnC  pLenIs  proManat  VnDIs.  =     1662 

U.  Bifavourable,  accordingly,  O  most  serene  prince,  to  the  fountain  of 
Helicon,  as  they  {the  Muses)  devote  themselves  to  thy  auspices,  they  now 
bedew  thy  cradle  with  its  abundant  waters. 


208  DUKE  OF  BA  VARIA. 

The  next  emblem  is  the  wooden  hone  at  Troy — 
Auspice  Maximiliano  baVarICa  DoMVs  fLorebIt.  =     1662 

i.e.  Maximilian  being  the  leader,  the  house  of  Bavaria  shall  flourish. 

The  next  concludes  with — Tui  populi  applausu  et  laetitia  exclamant 
io,  io !  tanDeM  spes  pVbLICa  VenIt.  =     1662 

i.e.  Thy  people  exclaim  with  applause  and  joy,  Huzza,  Huzza,  at  last 
the  public  hope  cometh. 

The  next  concludes  thus — Vivat  Maximilianus  Emmanuel  invictus 
fidei  catholics  propugnator,  et  gerMaNjE  LIbertatIs  aCer  et 
strenWs  Defensor,  =     1662 

i.e.  Long  live  Maximilian-Emmanuel,  the  invincible  defender  of  the 
catholic  faith,  and  the  vehement  and  strenuous  champion  of  German 
liberty. 

The  next  emblem  is  supposed  to  represent  the  way  of  virtue.  The 
concluding  words  are — Feliciter,  feliciter,  princeps  serenissime, 
scandes  virtutis  fastigium;  immensumque  tibi  aliquando  facies 
perpetV«  LaVDIs  apICeM.  =     1662 

i.e.  Happily,  happily,  O  most  serene  prince,  thou  climbest  the  pinnacle  of 
virtue;  thou  wilt  at  length  appropriate  to  thyself  the  boundless  summit 
of  eternal  praise. 

The  next  emblem  represents  the  youthful  prince  asleep  in  an  open 
country  at  sunset,  a  bright  star  darts  its  ray  of  light  down  upon  him. 
The  concluding  words  are — Splende,  6  splende  igitur  optatissime 
Bavaricae  domfts  Sol  nobis  diutissimfe ;  et  benigno  CLeMentIjE  tVm 

SYDERE  PATRlOS  TVERE  PENATES.  =1662 

i.e.  Shine,  shine  therefore  upon  us  for  the  very  longest  time,  O  thou  j 

wishedfor  sun  of  the  house  of  Bavaria ;   and  do  thou  defend  our  \ 

country  and  our  homes  by  the  friendly  star  of  thy  clemency. 

The   next  concludes  thus — Cresce  itaque  augusto  ex  sanguine  ' 

prognate  surcule,  serenissime  princeps  Maximiliane  Emmanuel,  tu 
gloria,  spes  et  DeCVs  baVar«  faMILLe.  as     1662 

i.e.  Increase,  therefore,  thou  young  branch  sprung  from  majestic  blood,  , 

O  Prince  Maximilian-Emmanuel,  thou  glory,  hope,  and  ornament  of  the  \ 

Bavarian  family  / 

The  last  emblem  represents  Ferdinand  showing  to  his  son  the 
statues  of  their  ancestors  arranged  in  a  long  double  line,  and  con- 
cluding with  the  chronograms  which  are  on  the  frontispiece  of  the 
volume,  preceded  by  these  words — Vive  felicissimfe  ad  solatium 
populi !    Vive,  vive  serenissime  Maximiliane  Emmanuel. 

Live  most  happily 

to  the  comfort  of  thy  people  / 

Live,  Live, 

most  serene  Maximilian-Emmanuel. 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK  209 

AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK  AND  HIS  FAMILY. 

A  thick  folio  volume  of  585  leaves,  numbered  consecutively,  com- 
mencing after  the  introduction  (which  consists  of  about  100 
more),  making  in  all  about  1370  pages  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
837.  m.  5).  The  tide  is  'ARBUSTUM  VEL  ARBORETUM 
AUGUST ANiEUM,  aeternitati  ac  domui  Augustee  Selenianae  sacrum, 
satum  autem  et  educatum  k  Martino  Gosky,  L.  Silesio  Med.  D.  et 
archiatro,  C.  PaL  C«s.  Anno  1650.'  Printed  at  Wolfenbiittel. 
There  is  a  frontispiece,  an  engraved  title-page,  very  many  beautiful 
large  emblematical  engravings,  portraits,  and  many  smaller  emblems. 
The  purpose  of  the  book  is  to  applaud  and  congratulate,  by  prose 
and  poetry,  the  Duke  Augustus  of  Brunswick-Liineburg  and  his  two 
wives  and  family,  on  their  marriages  and  the  birth  of  their  children, 
to  commemorate  the  birthdays,  and  to  lament  the  death  of  members 
of  the  family.  It  would  be  difficult  adequately  to  describe  the  con- 
tents. The  odes  and  poems  are  very  numerous,  often  very  figurative, 
they  are  serious,  playful,  and  sometimes  jocose ;  mostly  in  the  Latin, 
sometimes  in  the  German,  and  less  often  in  the  Greek,  Hebrew, 
French  and  Italian  languages.  Anagrams  occur  everywhere,  and 
chronograms  are  abundant  It  is  to  the  latter  feature  that  I  mostly 
confine  my  extracts. 

The  words  of  the  chronograms  are  generally  appropriate  to  the 
events.  Some  chronograms,  especially  in  the  later  pages  of  the 
volume,  have  reference  to  that  peace  for  which  all  kindly-disposed 
people  in  central  Europe  were  sighing  throughout  the  first  half  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  when  the  country  was  being  harassed  and  deso- 
lated by  the  successes  and  disasters  of  the  Thirty  Years'  War.  The 
Duke  Augustus,  it  appears,  was  strenuous  in  his  endeavours  to  establish 
this  peace.  In  some  instances  the  chronograms  alone  give  the  date 
of  the  circumstances  described  or  alluded  to  in  the  accompanying 
text  A  few  of  the  chronograms  are  manifestly  inaccurate  through 
misprint  or  otherwise,  and  the  text  does  not  help  to  set  them  right, 
through  the  absence  of  a  date  expressed  in  figures.  However,  making 
allowance  for  errors,  the  work  is  a  notable  example  of  the  application 
of  chronograms  to  biographical  history. 

On  the  back  of  the  engraved  title-page,  the  object  of  the  work  is 
set  forth  in  irregular  short  lines  commencing  with  these  quaint  words, 
'Lector  avide  et  anxie,  morare  paululum,  et  cogita  et  examina 
Arbustum  vel  Arboretum  hoc,  quo  etiam  Serenissimi  principis  ac 
domini  Dn  Augusti,  Ducis  Brunovic  et  Lunaeburgi,  vita,  poeticfe,  et 
quidem  varia  carminis  genere,  variorum  authorum  commento  et 
applausu  effingitur  et  illustratur.  Continet  enim,'  etc.  (here  follows  a 
tabular  view  of  the  contents  of  the  book,  its  divisions  and  sub-divi- 
sions). In  continuation  there  is  a  page  of  engraved  emblems  in  sixteen 
compartments.  There  is  also  a  copious  index  of  the  names  of  the 
persons  and  places  mentioned  in  the  poems,  which,  as  we  are  told, 
are  by  various  authors.     An  introductory  chapter  is  called  '  Idea 

2D 


2io  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

Arbusti*  (the  idea  or  plan  of  the  plantation),  a  concise  biographical 
narrative  about  the  Duke  Augustus  and  others  of  his  family,  with  the 
dates  of  the  leading  events  in  his  career,  including  his  illnesses,  with 
references  to  the  poems  where  they  are  mentioned;  such  as — 1579, 
10th  April,  Augustus  nascitur.  28th  June,  renascitur  per  baptismum. 
His  going  to  the  universities  of  Rostock  and  Tubingen  in  1595.  In 
1597,  Dysenterium  laborat  He  visits  Italy,  Malta,  Belgium,  London, 
etc,  in  1603,  and  returns  home  in  1604.  On  13th  October  1607  he 
marries  Princess  Clara  Maria  of  Pomerania,  and  on  19th  February 
16 13  she  dies.  Concerning  that  event  it  is  remarked, '  Cum  autem 
spes  hominum  sunt  fallaces,  etc,  nempe  Clara  Maria  "Dux" 
Pomerana  decimo  sexto  concordis  conjugii  anno,  bis  tamen  immaturo 
fcetu  edito,  pife  et  placidfe  occumbit,  et  somnum  capit  suavissimum, 
nuncque  in  Domini  sui  gremio  molliter  recumbens,  laborem  per- 
mutat,'  etc  etc  On  26th  October  1623,  he  marries  again,  Princess 
Christiana  of  Anhalt  The  dates  of  the  birth  of  their  children  are 
mentioned.  In  January  and  February  1642  there  were  some  severe 
storms,  '  horrenda  et  portentosa  tonitrua  et  fulgetra  cum  grandine 
nivosa  audita  et  visa.'  All  these  events,  and  many  more,  are  men- 
tioned in  the  poems,  with  many  a  chronogram  to  mark  the  date. 

In  the  '  Idea  Arbusti/  the  repairs  done  to  the  fortress  and  palace 
at  Brunswick  are  indicated  by  this  inscription — 
arX    atqVe    Vrbs    gVeLphICa    DeI    aVXILIo,    et   aVgVstI 
DVCIs,  ConsILIo,  post  trIstIa  et  eXItIosa  beLLa  restItVta 

ATQVE  RESTAVRATA.  as       1 644 

There  are  many  pages  filled  with  verses  addressed  to  the  author 
by  various  friends.     One  eulogium  bears  this  date — 
eCCe  sat  eXhaVstI  beLLIs  sIne  paCe  frVaMVr  1  6 

spes  atqVe  In  nostrIs  arX  bona  ChrIste  foCIs.  J  4' 

(Signed)    Johan.  Romschedius,  P.  Caes.  et  Phonascus. 

Some  complimentary  verses,  applicable  to  the  Duke  Augustus,  are 
dated  by  this  aspiration  for  peace — 

Mars  atroX  Cesset,  reDeat  paX  aVrea,  nobIs  )  _       ,  R 

VoX  et  nos  tVrbans,  trIstIa  fata  feret.  j  ~~     x  * 

And  are  followed  by  this  chronogram,  written  by  the  author,  of  the 
year,  day,  month,  and  place  of  the  birth  of  the  Duke — 

NASClTVR  AVGVSTVS,  DVX  BRVNOVICENSlS  ET  LVNiEBVRGlENSlS, 

fLos  Ingens  patrLe  Dannenbergjb,  LVCe  X  aprILIs.  =     1579 

On  leaf  1  is  this  chronogrammatic  dedication — 
DVCI  et  patrI 
brVnsWICensI  et  LVn-«bVrgensI 

aVgVsto  \ 

plo,  fortI,  feLICIorI  ^=     l648 

Vera  VIrtVtIs  et  qVIetIs  assertorI  InsIgnL 
LIngVa  patrLe  VInDICI  strenVo  : 
Anno 
Quern  numero  notavit 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  211 

On.  leaf  2  some  verses  addressed  to  Duke  Augustus  are 
dated— 

anno,  aVgVsto  IVnIorI  brVnsVICVM  Debet,  =     1634 

(Signed)    Paulus  Sperling. 

On  leaf  43  the  following,  in  the  original  arranged  in  short  lines 
after  the  fashion  of  an  inscription,  mentions  the  universities  at  which 
the  Duke  Augustus  studied — 

VnIVersItas    rostoChIana  tVbIngensIs  et  argentoratensIs 
In  hoC  prInCIpe  bonI  IngenII  CrepVsCVLVM  notArVnt.  =     1597 

On  leaf  50,  verses  with  this  title,  'Adventum  in  academiam  et 
bibliothecam  Juliam,'  conclude  thus — Postquam  Augustus  Dux  Br. 
et  Luneb.  peregratione  tyrocinium  posuisset,  talis  sub  porticu 
inscriptio  effulgebat ; 

ItaLIa  sICILIa  MeLIta 

angLIa,  beLgIa,  gaLLIa  f  _       , 


prInCIpIs  aVgVstI  peregrInantIs 
VIrtVtes  strenVas  Igneas  egregIas  obstVpVIt. 


}■ 


To  the  Duke  on  his  return  from  Vienna  on  Saint  Matthew's  day, 
the  24th  February,  in  the  year 

MatthIas  Donat  qVoVIs  pretIosIVs  aVro  1  6 

pIgnVs  Io  !  sIC  nos  et  sIne  fIne  bea.  j  l  ** 

Another. 
soL  orItVr  CLarA  VenIenteM  LVCe  saLVtat  >  6 

LVna  soror  ;  rara  His,  at  sCIo,  Vera  Latent.  J  "~     l  3* 

(Signed)    Paulus  Sperling. 


On  leaf  51  some  applauding  verses  are  dated — Anno 
Cte  pLVIt  totA;  pepVLIt  CIto  nVbILa  A" 
prInCIpIs  aVgVstI  steLLa  benIgna  poLo. 


noCte  pLVIt  totA  ;  pepVLIt  CIto  nVbILa  Mane  1  6 


On  leaf  53  v.  the  title-page  of  the  group  of  verses  which  occupy 
the  next  fourteen  pages,  combined  with  nicely  engraved  emblems,  all 
in  praise  of  the  Duke,  contains  this  chronogram — 
et    fortVnA    et    heroICIs    VIrtVtIbVs    parentis    VestrI 
gratIosIorIs  hoDIe,  Ita  et  perpetV6  frVIMInI.  =     1649 

The  arrangement  of  a  sentence  in  the  form  of  a  square,  capable 
of  being  read  a  great  many  times  over  (perhaps  several  hundreds)  in 
all  directions,  was  a  favourite  device  in  applauses.  There  are  several 
examples  in  the  book  now  under  notice,  but  only  one  in  chrono- 
gram, which  the  reader  will  see  on  the  next  page. 

A  group  of  epigrams  contains,  on  leaf  58,  the  following  '  eteosti- 
chon '  on  the  Duke's  motto,  '  expends  singula,'  which  has  been  the 
theme  of  some  preceding  verses  and  epigrams.  The  square  can  be 
read  in  every  direction,  commencing  with  the'  large  central  letter  A. 
The  words  are,  aVgVstVs  prInCeps  eXpenDIt  sIngVLa  reCt*. 


212  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

The  last  two  words  are  at  the  corners ;  those  on  the  left  hand  must 
be  read  backwards — 

etCer  aLVgnIs  sIngVLa  RECrk. 

tIDnepXespeCnCepseXpenD  It 
I  D  n  epXespeCn  I  nCepseXpe  nDI 
DnepXespeCnIrInCepseXpenD 
ne  pXespeCnIrprInCepseXpen 
e  pXespeCnI  rpsprInCep  seXpb 
pXespeCnIrpsVsprInCeps eXp 
Xe  speCnIrpsVtVs  prInCep  s  eX 
kspeCnIrpsVtstVsprInCepse 
s  peCnIrpsVtsVstVsprInCeps 
p  eCnIrpsVtsVgVstVsprInCep 
e  C  nIrpsVtsVgVgVs  tVspr  I  nCe 
C  n  IrpsVtsVg  V  Av  gVstVsprInC 
e  CnIrpsVtsVgVgVstVspr  InCe 
p  ECnIrpsVtsVgVstVsprInCep 
s  peCnIrpsVtsVstVsprInCeps 
e  s  peCnIrpsVtstVsprInCep  s  e 
X  e  speCnIrp  sVtVsprInCeps  eX 
p  XespeCnIrpsVsprInCepseXp 
e  pXespeCnIrpsprInCepseXpe 
n  e  pXespeCn  IrprInCep  s  eXp  en 
D  n  epXespeCnIrInCe  ps  eXpe  nD 
I  DnepXespeCnInCepseXpenDI 
t    IDnepXe  speCnCeps  eXp   enDI  t 

etCer  aLVgnIs  sIngVLa  reCtL 

qVID?  LaCtat  CVnCtos  In  pIetate  pIos. 

There  is  no  explanation  of  this.  The  words  of  the  square,  together 
with  the  line  which  follows  it,  are  a  chronogram  of  the  year  1647,  when 
the  Duke  seems  to  have  exercised  good  judgment  about  some  public 
benefaction. 

On  leaf  62,  among  some  congratulation  poems,  etc.,  on  the  mar- 
riage in  1607  of  the  Duke  Augustus  with  Clara  Maria,  Duchess  of 
Pomerania,  etc.,  the  widow  of  Sigismund  Augustus,  Duke  of  Mecklen- 
burg, this  chronogram  occurs — 

aVgVsto    eX    poMeranA   gente   VXor  VIrtVtIbVs   fLorens 
DesponsatVr.  =     1607 

On  leaf  71  v.,  a  madrigal  in  French,  on  the  portrait  of  the  Duchess 
of  Brunswick  and  Luneburg,is  thus  subscribed — Tertium  matrimonium 
exprimebatur  hie  chronographs 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  213 


}■ 


sophIa  sLIsabetha  pIa  et  egregIa 

MegapoLItana  prInCeps  \  =     1635 

aVgVsto  ConIVgaLI  VInCVLo  soCIata. 
This  lady,  the  Princess  Sophia  Elizabeth  of  Mecklenburg,  was  the 
third  wife  of  Duke  Augustus;  they  were  married  on  the  13th  July  1631. 
On  leaf  101  v.  congratulation  verses  to  Prince  Rudolph-Augustus 
are  thus  dated — Calendis  Januarii,  Anno 

paX  sIet  Vt,  ChrIste  o  eXaVDI  Vota  tVorVM.  =     1648 

On  leaf  1 1 1  the  birth  of  the  third  son  of  Duke  Augustus,  Antonius 
Udalricus,  is  applauded — Anno 

prInCeps  fVerat  VIDWs  per  seX  septIManas.  =     1633 

Vel 
Infensos  hostes  IVsto  prosterne  fVrore  1  6 

o  DeVs  et  paCeM  sVggere  qV/eso  tVTs.  J         I  33 

(Signed)    Gosky. 
a  On  leaf  140  the  birth  of  a  son  of  Duke  Augustus  and  Sophia 
Elizabeth,  Ferdinand  Albert,  is  applauded — Anno 

ferDInanDVs  aLbertVs  DVX  brVn.  et  LVNiEB.  =     1636 

On  leaf  141  v.  their  daughter  Maria  Elizabeth  is  mentioned  as  being 
bom,  and  born  again  in  baptism,  at  Brunswick,  on  27th  January  1638. 
Some  applauding  verses  are  followed  by  this  chronogram,  formed  on 
the  words  of  the  prophet  Amos  (v.  13),  *  Therefore  the  prudent  shall 
keep  silence  in  that  time ;  for  it  is  an  evil  time' — 
WeIL  eIn  kLVgbr  ChrIst  MVst  gantz  stoCk  stILL 
sCWeIgen,  1st  eIn  reChte  b6se  zeIt.  =     1638 

i.e.  Because  a  prudent  Christian  must  altogether  keep  silence,  it  is  a 
right  bad  time. 

On  leaf  144  the  birth  of  another  son,  Christian-Francis,  is  thus 
dated — Calend.  Augusti  hori  intra  4  and  5  maturing  auspicatb  natus, 
et  ex  aqua  et  spiritu  29  Septemb.  .  .  .  renatus  esset  .  .  .  Anno  «r® 
Christianas 

qVo  fVIt  aVgVstI  LatVM  post  nVbILa  sIDVs.  =     1639 

And  on  leaf  158  the  Duke  is  congratulated  on  the  event  by 
verses  thus  dated — Anno  aVgVstI  DVCIs  brVnsWICensIs  et 
LVnabVrgensIs  fILIVs  brVnsWIgje  saCro  LaVaCro 
beabItVr  DeVs  Vortat  benI.  =     1639 

Devoto  et  summissimo  animo  sic  ad 
cunas  canebat,  Martin  Gosky. 
On  leaf  161  v.  this  couplet  occurs,  after  a  group  of  verses — 
erogo  Deo  VIgeas  aVgVstI  DIa  propago  )  __      6 

et  VTreas  nobIs  fronDIbVs  aVCta  noVIs.  j  ""        ** 

(Signed)    Martin  Gosky. 
This  concludes  the  congratulations  concerning  the  Duke's  numer- 
ous family. 

A  group  of  '  Eucharist^,'  complimentary  verses  and  odes,  com- 
mences at  leaf  163,  addressed  to  various  persons.  The  following 
chronograms  occur : — 


2i4  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

On  leaf  165  v.  some  verses  are  dated — 

In  prIMA  fkrIA  aDVentVs  nostrI  ChrIstL  =     1616 

On  leaf  1 7 1  v.  the  following  occurs,  called  a '  Distichon  Dsedalicum,' 
which  is  previously  explained  as  '  Distichon  Daedalicum  seu  Cubus,  ex 
quo  tarn  Hexameter  quam  pentameter  versus,  in  und  e&demque  tabuli 
legend  compluries  occurrit'  The  words,  however,  are  not  in  this 
instance  arranged  in  a  square  or  labyrinth,  only  as  follows — 
Magna  seLene  probIs  Das  o  VIr  LapsVs  ab  aXe  =     1622 

o  bene  !  tV  MVLtos  VIVe  seLene  DIes.  =     1622 

This  name  '  Selenus '  is  a  pseudonym  of  Augustus  n.  Duke  of 
Brunswick-Liineburg,  who  was  a  noted  student  and  writer  on  the 
subject  of  shorthand  and  secret  writing  (see  my  previous  book  on 
Chronograms,  1882,  p.  230).  He  is  eulogised  in  the  part  of  the  work 
now  under  notice,  in  poems  very  characteristic  of  his  own  manner  of 
composition.  The  word  '  Seleniana '  occurs  in  the  title-page.  Vide 
ante,  p.  209. 

On  leaf  175,  in  the  same  group,  an  ode  is  preceded  by  this  date — 

Anno 
en  LIbro  harMonIas  WLgat  tIbI  brVnsVIgIVs  DVX,        =     1646 

vel 
VItje  ConCorDans  qVm  aVgVsto  a  prInCIpe  IVnCta        \  _       ,  ^ 
DIVIna  ChrIstI  nasCItVr  hIstorIa.  j  ""      °4° 

Pro  iterate  editione  Harmonias  Evangelicae  Augustas.    Here  follows 
an  ode,  and  these  chronograms  at  the  end — 

Anno 
en  ConCorDIs  eVangeLII  DVX  gVeLpherbItVs  (sic)  )  6  6 

ConsCrIptIs  LIbrIs  nobILe  fInIt  opVs.  j  4 

Vel  Anno  quo 
harMonIa  aVgVstI  proDIt  perfeCtIor  :  ergo  ) 

aVgVsto  ferte  gratIas  >  as     1646 

annos  VoVete  aVgVstI.  ) 

(Signed)    Johan.  Valent  Andreas.  Theol.  D. 

Another  ode  to  Duke  Augustus  concludes,  on  leaf  182  v.,  with  this 
date — Anno 

JoVa  faC  Vt  Cessent  VenIente  qVIete  tVMVLtVs  )  =      6  « 

beLLI,  et  gratIfICo  qVILIbet  ore  Canat.  J  4 

Also 
LaVs  DeCVs  atqVe  tIbI  VenIat  pIe  gratIa  JoVa,  )  l 

en  fVgIente,  bona  est  Marte  qVIete  frVI.  j 

Also 
aVfVgIto,  atroX  Mars,  aDsIt  saCra  paXqVe  qVIesqVe      ss     1648 
paX  Io,  paX  Data  Io,  Vt  nVnC  fVIt,  arMa  rVVnt.         =     1648 


1  This  chronogram  makes  1699 ;  it  is  manifestly  a  wrong  date ;  the  author  does  not 
notice  it  in  his  •  errata.' 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  215 

On  a  page  opposite  to  an  engraving  having  a  page  No.  216,  there 
are  some  laudatory  verses  on  the  entry  of  Duke  Augustus  into  Bruns- 
wick, with  this  date — viii  Septembris,  Anno 

gLorIa  In  nVbIbVs  Deo,  paX  six  In  terrIs         )  6 

hoMInIbVs  bona  VoLVntas.  J  ^ 

These  words,  with  very  slight  variations,  have  been  frequently 
used  for  a  chronogram.  The  same  chronogram  is  quoted  from 
another  work  by  Gosky  in  my  former  book  on  Chronograms^  p.  295. 

At  leaf  218  and  following,  there  are  some  'Dsedalean  distichs'  or 
cubes  (i.e.  sentences  arranged  in  the  form  of  a  cube),  such  as  that 
which  I  have  printed  at  page  212,  ante.  As  these,  however,  are  not 
chronograms,  I  pass  them  over. 

On  leaf  221  v.,  among  the  '  Epinicia,'  is  this  chronogram — 
Annus  erit  memorialis. 
arX  atqVe  Vrbs  gVeLphICa 
DeI  aVXILIo  et  aVgVstI  DVCIs 

ConsILIo  y=     1643 

post  trIstIa  et  eXItIosa  beLLa 
restItVta  atqVe  restaVrata. 
Apollo  igitur  ad  Cytharae  suae  sonum  suaviter  modulatur,  etc. 

On  leaf  252  this  *  chronodistichon '  is  at  the  conclusion  of  some 
laudatory  verses — 

ChrIste  DIV  eXoptatA  hAC  Da  nos  paCe  frVIsCI  :  1  6 

Vtpote  qVjE  CVnCtas  aVrea  PRfiSTET  opes.  j  ** 

The  leaf  254  v.  is  filled  with  a  star  of  eight  rays,  each  consisting  of 
an  hexameter  and  pentameter  couplet,  sixteen  lines  in  all.  The  title 
is, '  Stella  pacis  aurea.'  In  the  centre  of  the  star  is  this  chronogram, 
the  words  being  arranged  in  a  ring — 

LVX  VobIs  reDeat,  reDeat  paX  aVrea  Chara.       )  x 
aDsIt  qVIes  et  aVrea.  ] 

and  beneath  all,  Anno 
ah  MartIs  Densas  propeLLe  jehoVa  tenebras  \  6 

faX  absIt  qVIsqVIs  optat  InIqVa  pIVs:  )         l  *2 

LVCeat  hIs  Contra  bona  steLLVLa  paCIs  In  orIs 


}■ 


eXaVDI  pIa  sVspIrIa  sanCte  DeVs. 


I  =     J642 


On  leaf  255  v.  some  verses  in  Hebrew,  Greek,  Latin,  and  German 
are  dated — Anno  quo 

CVM  IoVe  se  torVI  ConIVngIt  steLLa  satVrnI,  )  6 

neC  non  eVIgenIs  fata  noVeLLa  CanIt.  j  ~~        *$ 

Humillimo  affectu  oblate,  a 
(Signed)    M.  Johanne  Tzschoppelio,  Chemn.  Misn.  Paro. 

1  This  chronogram  most  be  wrong.    The  first  line  makes  1 186,  the  second  512;  the 
total  1698.    The  author  does  not  notice  it  in  his  '  errata.' 


216  A UGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

On  leaf  257  v.  a  long  ode  is  dated — Anno 

DVX  pIVs  aVgVstVs  patrLe  DeDIt  oCIa  tVta.         =     1644 

On  leaf  284  a  laudatory  poem  on  the  occasion  of  a  religious  cere- 
mony at  Brunswick,  has  at  the  end  this  date — Anno  quo 

harMonIa  aVgVstI  proDIt  perfeCtIor  :  ergo        \ 

aVgVsto  ferte  gratIas  >=     1 64 1 

annos  foVete  aVgVstI.  j 

Four  fine  engravings  accompany  this  'plausus,'  representing  a 
stately  church,  with  a  procession  of  the  visit  of  Duke  Augustus,  the 
ceremony  within,  and  a  fine  representation  of  the  tower  and  spire.  This 
concludes  the  'Epicedia.'  Then  follow  'Neniae  seu  Epicedia*  on  the 
death  of  various  members  of  the  family.  That  one  on  the  death  of 
Clara  Maria,  the  wife  of  Duke  Augustus,  has  an  emblematical  engrav- 
ing, in  which,  among  the  accessories,  there  is  a  crown  with  the  sceptre 
erect  and  the  motto  '  Hodie  rex,'  and  the  same  device  reversed  with 
the  motto  *  Cras  nex.'  On  leaf  290  there  are  these  verses  in  which 
she  speaks — 

Bis  noVIes  soL  ortVs  erat  LVCe  eCCe  seqVente      1  6 

ASSERTA  iETHEREO  EST  CLARA  MarIa  POLO.  J  3 

Clara  Maria  vocor.  conjux  ego  namque  duobus 

Adfulsi  Augustis  Clara  utrobique  viris : 
Corporis  exuviis  positis  nunc  tertia  Christi 

Clareo  sponsa,  jugi  qui  mihi  Phoebus  erat, 
Magna  Urbs,  et  cum  Castro  splendida  Luna  valete 

En  solis  radiis  Clara  corusco  mei. 

On  leaf  291  v.  there  is  this  chronogram  on  the  year,  month,  and 
day  of  her  death,  the  19th  February  1623 — 
soL  febrVarIo  erat  bIs  nonVs:  et  eCCe  seqVente 

LVCE  POLO  ASSERTA  EST  CLARA  MarIa  :  SAT  EST. 

And  this  distich :  the  first  line  gives  the  day,  the  second  the  year 
of  her  death — 

febrVa  bIs  noVIes  en  proterIre:  seqVentI  =         19 

*   VIXI  aC  LVCe  C0L0  CLara  MarIa  poLos.  =     1623 

On  leaf  295,  verses  composed  for  the  epitaph  of  Henry  Augustus, 
Duke  of  Brunswick,  who  was  born  in  1625  and  died  in  1627.  He 
was  the  son  of  Duke  Augustus,  junior,  and  Dorothea. 

Hie  cubat  Henricus  princeps  Augustus  in  urn&, 

Principis  Augusti  nobilis  effigies. 
Dorothea  octavo  peperit  quern  mater  Aprilis 

VICeno  In  MeDIIs  Vesper  VbI  ortVs  erat.         =     1625 
Rem  tristem.     Hunc  noni  mensis  triateridis  auras 

trICenas  VIDet  Vt,  trVX  fera  Morta  notat.     =     1627 
Hinc  genitor,  genitrix,  frater  fient,  Jova  tuere  hos, 
Illorum  que  auge  pro  bonitate  genus. 

On  leaf  297,  the  epitaph  and  various  verses  on  the  death  of  this 
Dorothea  of  Anhalt  is  followed  by  this  date— Titulus  chronographicus 


I  =     1623 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  217 


!' 


}■ 


Dorothea  ILLVstrIs  anhaLtIna  prInCeps 
seCVnDIs  nVptIIs  aVgVsto  soCIata  %  _       , 

fILIos  et  fILIas  enIXa  est  VI.  ;►-     1022 

obIIt  VtIqVe  pVerpera.1 

And  011  leaf  308  there  is  this  date  at  the  conclusion  of  the  poems 
concerning  her — Anno 

Dorothea  anhaLtIna  prInCeps 

et  heroIna  VIrtVte  ILLVstrIs  1  _       , 

seCVnDIs  nVptIIs  soCIata  aVgVsto  r ""     I024 

fILIos  III  et  fILIas  enIXa  est  III.  obIIt 
pIa  pVerpera.1 

On  leaf  315  the  death  of  Prince  Christian  Francis  before  men- 
tioned is  thus  dated — 
AVGVSTl  ET  SOPHliE  ChrIstIan  de  sangVIne  natVs  )  2 

franCIsCVs,  ChrIstI  Mense  teneLLVs  obIt.  j 

Another,  on  leaf  341 — Anno 

DVX  ChrIstIan  franz  BRVNsWlGiE  MorItVr.  =     1639 

At  leaf  345  a  group  of  poems  commences,  under  the  title  '  Strenae,' 
(gifts  or  presents  of  good  omen),  addressed  to  the  Duke  Augustus  and 
others  of  his  family,  '  olim  et  nunc'  The  introduction,  on  leaf  346  v., 
concludes  thus — Anno 

aLMVs  aDIVtor  aVgVsto  aVgVstaLe  asserVat.         =     1636 

An  alliterative  poem  of  thirty-four  hexameter  lines,  every  word 
commencing  with  the  letter  a,  next  follows. 

At  leaf  348,  348  v.  These  chronograms  are  associated  with 
verses — 

fLoreat  aVgVstVs  Long£  DVX  optIMVs  opto.  =     1636 

Eteostichon  Eucharisticon  et  Ev<f>rjfiiKov. 
Verba  saCrata  sonent,  VIreant  et  seMIna  pVra  )  =       ,, 

et  fVgIat  ratIo  traDItIoqVe  rVat.  j  3 

Eteosticha  Eueharistica  et  Euphemica 
strena  loco  humillime  oblata. 
teMpLa  sChoLjE  aC  arjE  fLorent,  ager  VrbsqVe  preCatVr  : )  _       , 
aVgVstVs  tVtor  seCLa  beatVs  agat.  j  4 

Encomium. 
hVI  prInCeps  bonVs  hIC,  CVRiE  ILLI  Verba  saCrata       )  _      6 
sVbDIta  gens  regIo,  reLLIgIoqVe  DeI.  J  4 

At  leaf  349  is  the  following — 'Anno  xli.  Christo  annuente  De 
anni  Novi  auspicio  felicissimo,  et  de  rectoris  in  academii  Julid 
secundum  oblato  honore  et  officio  magnificentissimo :  Ut  et  de  anno 

1  These  two  chronograms  seem  to  be  wrong.  It  appears  elsewhere  in  three  places  in 
the  text  that  she  died  in  1634.     Born  in  1607.     Married  19th  February  1623. 

*  This  chronogram  is  intended  for  1639 ;  as  it  stands  it  makes  1539.  The  letter  D  is 
not  printed  as  a  numeral ;  but  if  it  were  counted,  the  chronogram  would  make  2039,  which 
is  manifestly  wrong. 

2  E 


1641 


218  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

fatali  et  climacterico  magno  (quern  ingredietur  hoc  ipso  tertio  et 
sexagesimo  4  Id.  Aprilis),  superstitiosissimo  et  celebratissimo :  In  ari 
memorise  et  gloriae,  Thus  hoc  votivum  libat  et  litat'  The  last  eight 
lines  are  as  follows,  the  whole  being  addressed  to  the  Duke  Augustus 
on  entering  his  sixty-third  year,  the  grand  climacteric — 
paCe  nIhIL  MeLIVs  :  beLLoqVe  noCentIVs  est  nIL  )  6 

BELLA  ABEANT  :  ESTO  PAX,  PATRIjE  Vna  saLVs.  J  4 

Fulmina  pcenarum  et  cessent,  Martisque  famisque 

Et  Mortis  cessent  fulmina  dira  tria : 
annVs  sIt  feLIX,  faLLaX  beLLona  fatIsCat 
Cesset  pestILItas,  Cesset  VbIqVe  faMes. 

Anno 
ah  proprIA  saLteM  si  DVX  habItasset  In  Vrbe  )  _       6 

patrIa  saLVa  foret,  paX  et  In  orbe  foret.  /  4 

(Signed)    Martin  tiosky,  D.  et  Archiater. 

On  leaf  355  there  is  a  fanciful  composition  called  *  Pentastichus 
Cancrinus  obliquus  Encomiasticus  seu  sticho-dilectus  Cum  voto 
ordinis/  etc.,  addressed  to  the  Duke  Augustus  on  his  attaining  the 
age  of  63.    At  the  conclusion  is  this  date — Anno 

bLeIb  beII  Vns  herr  zV  IeDer  frIst  )  _       , 

WeIL  es  nVn  abenD  WorDen  1st.1  )  ~     I042 

On  leaf  360  there  is  a  poem  containing  a  curious  acrostic,  followed 
by  this  date — Anno 

Da  DeVs  Ista  saLVs  terrIs  sIt  proprIa  nostrIs 
et  qVje  hIC  nos  CrVCIant  noXIa  peLLe  proCVL. 

On  leaf  362  commences  a  poem  with  this  title — 
Anno  xlv. 
Ettos 
Gratulatorium  et  Xenion 
Sacrum  votivum 
pro  felici  ingressu,  feliciori  progressu  felicissimo  egressu 
Anni  Epochs  Christianas 
aVLas  qVI  CoeLI  CVM  terreno  orbe  CreastI,  )  _       fi 

hoC  anno  nos  reX  ChrIste  tVere,  IWa.  j  l  *$ 

Cultu  devotissimo  Vulta  subjectissimo  oblatum 
Ex  illo  Proverbio. 
g$  tji  anber  £>tng» 


}  =    1643 


On  leaf  366,  a  poem  to  Duke  Augustus  concludes  with  this  date — 

Anno 
orbes  qVI  CceLI  atqVe  soLI  CVM  patre  CreastI  1  fi  fi 

hoC  anno  nos  reX  ChrIste  tVere  IWa.  j  ""     l  4 


1  These  words  are  evidently  adapted  from  St.  Luke  xxiv.  29.    See  my  former  work  on 
Chronograms,  1882,  p.  529,  chron.  0. 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  219 

On  leaf  369  are  these  verses  to  the  Duke  Augustus,  alluding  to 
the  calends  of  January  and  his  own  '  last  calends ' — 
Felices  tibi  Principes  Calendar 
Sint  Princeps,  ut  et  ultimae  Calendar 
Hoc  anno :  quod  erit  novis  Calendis 
Et  ratum :  esto  et  in  ultimas  Calendas 
Anno 
paCe  nIhIL  MeLIVs  beLLoqVe  noCentIVs  est  nIL,  )  6  6 

beLLa  abeant,  VenIat  paX  bona,  tVta  saLVs.  /         I  4 

(Signed)    Rudolphus  Augustus  Gosky. 

On  leaf  371  is  the  following — 

Anni  do  cxlvii  (sic) 
Strena  debita  humillima  Eteosticho  expressa, 

AVGVSTO  HEROl  PRO  STRENA  CoMPRECOR,  Vt  qVm    (Heroic.)    } 
C(EPTA  GENEROSk  PROFERAT  SOLICItVs  (Iamb.)       I  x 

IN   CHRlSTO   lESV  GLORlOSk   FlNlAT  (Trochaic.)  t 

ITA   FlAT,    FlAT.  (Anapcst)J 

Ita  optat  et  precatur 

Johan.  Valentin.  Andrese 
SS.  Th.  D.  et  Seren.  k.Consil.  Eccles. 

On  leaf  375.  Melismata  strense  loco  humillimo  affectu  consecrata 
et  oblata  Calendis  Januarii,  Anno 

fLore  DVX  aVgVste  Leo  preMe  VIrIbVs  VngVeIs.  =     1648 

(Signed)    M.  Henning.  Biderman. 

On  leaf  378  v.  and  379,  are  the  following  couplets,  intended  for 
the  Duke  Augustus.  '  Eteonomastica  exactfe  Uteris  numeralibus 
annum  novum  signantia.' 

faC  DeVs,  hoC  anno  Cessent  Vt  beLLa  CrVenta  )  =      6  « 

paXqVe  reDVX  portet  prInCIpI^  ab  ^there  opes.  J  4 

(Signed)    Rudolphus  Augustus  Gosky. 
IVstItIa  aC  pIetas  VALIDiE  sVnt  prInCIpIs  arCes:  )  =       6  g 

seCVLa  faC  DeVs  Vt  perpetVa  has  foVeant.  j  4 

(Signed)    Anthonius  Udalricus  Gosky. 

The  next  congratulation  is  for  the  year  1649 — 
sIt  pater,  et  fILI,  sIt  LaVs  tIbI  spIrItVs  aLMe.  )  6 

nVnC  In  CVnCta  tVa  et  seCLa  fVtVra  noVa.  J  49 

Vota  metrica  strenae  loco 

humillimo  affectu  consecrata  et  prsesentata. 

(Signed)    Gosky. 


1  This  chronogram  makes  1642 ;  according  to  the  text  it  should  make  1647.    The  author 
does  not  notice  this  discrepancy  in  his  errata. 


220  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

The  group  of  'Strenae '  poems  on  the  year  of  Jubilee  ends  thus  at 
leaf  387  v. — 

Calendis  Januarii  Anni 
qVo  paX,  Vt  sVrgens  bona  LVX,  rata  MVnera  DVpLet!  =     1650 

On  leaf  389  commences  a  group  of  poems  and  birthday  odes 
addressed  to  the  Duke  Augustus,  under  this  title,  '  Encaenia,  more 
veterum  et  majorum,  non  Stalagmia,  Monilia,  Phialas,  Trabeas, 
Murenulas,  aut  Dactyliothecas,  non  Toreumata  et  simulachra  vermicu- 
lata,  aut  daedala  alia  opera,  gemmarum,  argenti  et  auri :  non  exquisita 
mensae  iogenia  et  struices  patinarias :  Sed  tacito  labello  suspendo  et 
introrsum  sub  linguam  murmuror,  Favente  Deo,  Applaudente  choro, 
Ovante  foro,  Exultanteque  thoro, 

Augusti,  Ducis  Brunovici,'  etc  etc 

This  is  followed  by  an  engraving,  representing  the  Duke  and  his 
family  at  a  feast  out  of  doors  under  an  emblematical  tree,  with  the 
motto  '  Natalis  diei  Memorial  There  are  but  few  chronograms ;  the 
poetry  is  very  fancifuL 

On  leaf  395,  a  birthday  ode  has  at  the  end  this  motto — Anno 
gLorIa   In    nVbIbVs   Deo,    paX   In   terrA   hoMInIbVs   bona 
VoLVntas.  =     1 64 1 

On  leaf  440,  an  ode  in  German  is  dated  at  the  end  thus — Anno 

DVX  br.  aVgVstVs  aVthor  paCIs  optIMVs.  =     1642 


On  leaf  452  this  couplet  occurs — Anno 

HERE   FLORlFERl   LVX   NONA   VT   fVLs 

ConfeCtVM  LjETjE  est  nobILe  paCIs  opVs. 


^there  fLorIferI  LVX  nona  Vt  fVLsIt  aprILIs  \  , 

\  =    1642 


On  leaf  468,  a  group  of  '  Encaenia,'  called  *  munera  natalia,'  birth- 
day presents,  contains  this 

Chrono  Tetrastichon. 
Dux  Auguste,  Dies  mox  dena  recurret  Aprilis, 

Quae  tibi  Natalem  signet  adeste  Diem. 
DVX  aVgVste,  DIes  eat  h<*C  tIbI  prospera,  sospes      >  _       6  6 
opto  DIV  VIVas,  et  pIa  fata  trahas.  J  ~~        4 

Ita  vovebat  devotiss.  animo  Cels.  v.  ab  intimis  sacris  Consiliis. 

(Signed)    Johan  Valentin  Andreae.  Theol.  D. 

On  leaf  478,  some  birthday  verses  are  dated  9th  April — 
aVgVste  o  prInCeps,  antIqVI  nestorIs,  opto,  I  6 

VIVas  Vt  seros  InnVMerosqVe  DIes.  j  ""     x  47 

On  leaf  487,  this  couplet  to  the  Duke  Augustus,  on  having  com- 
pleted his  sixty-eighth  and  commenced  his  sixty-ninth  year,  on  the 
10th  April — 

bIs  qVInta  aVrora  aprILIs,  nataLIs  erat  qVjE  )  6 

aVgVstI  heroIs,  faVsta,  DeVM  oro,  Vt  eat.  ]  **        4' 


AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.  221 

On  leaf  504  v.,  some  verses  to  the  Duke  on  reaching  his  seventieth 
year,  are  dated — Anno  quo 

paX  JesV  aDVentet,  paX  Vt  nVnC  optIMa  VIta  est:         =     1648 
opteM  Ita  nVnC  sIt  paX  :  paX  sIt  VbIqVe  DeVs,1  =     1644 

debits  gratitudinis  devote  et  submisse  porrigebat. 
(Signed)    Andreas  Schwartz,  Ecclesiae  Schelensis  minister. 

On  leaf  512,  the  Duke  having  reached  his  seventy-first  birthday,  a 
group  of  verses  commences  with  the  title  '  Currus  fructiferus,  etc.,'  and 
this  date  at  the  end  thereof— Anno 
sIt  brVnsWICensI  paX  o  optata  LeonI:  ^ 

CVI,  VIVat,  LVNiE  sVbDIta  bVrga  VoVet.  I  _       6 

DeXtera  eI  pIetas:  sapIentIa  rara  sInIstra:  t  49 

sVbseqVa  Carpophore  CopIa  Lata  feret.  ) 

A  large  and  curious  engraving  next  follows  representing  a  proces- 
sion ;  in  the  sky  the  zodiac  is  represented,  Leo  (the  Lion  of  Bruns- 
wick) occupying  the  centre,  and  the  rays  of  the  star  in  his  breast 
descending  on  the  Duke  Augustus,  riding  in  his  *  fruit-carrying ' 
chariot;  numerous  allegorical  figures  of  peace,  plenty,  etc.,  form  the 
procession. 

Some  miscellaneous  poems  come  next,  and  among  them,  on  leaf 
557  v«i  some  verses  are  dated — Anno 

fortVna  heroICIs  VIrtVtIbVs  tVIs  )  =       6  6 

DIgna  faVore  perpetVVM.  J  4 

On  leaf  564V.,  a  poem  of  fourteen  lines,  in  which  'the  Duke 
speaks  of  himself/  has  this  chronogram  for  its  last  couplet— 
beLLVM  trIste  fVgIt  :  reDIt  at  paX  aVrea  terrIs  :        (  —       6 
JVstItIa  et  pIetas,  or  be  faVente  VIget.  J  "~     l  ^ 

On  leaf  569  v.,  a  short  poem  to  the  Duke  concludes  with  this  line — 
VIVe  DIV  eX  VIrtVte,  soLVM  genItaLe  gVberna.  =     1649 

And  another  poem  following,  commences  with  this  motto — 
JesV  DVX  Vlxffi:  fer  tV  noVa  teMpora  paCIs.  =     1638 

The  poem  contains  these  lines — 
Felici  auspicio  dicat  ingredientis  et  anni 

qVo  tanDeM  eX  tVrbIs  nos  eXtrahat  hIsCe  JehoVa  =     1638 

Cunctaque  fausta  petita  orbi  cum  pace  redonet. 

The  poem  concludes  with  the  following  couplet,  and  the  curiously 
arranged  chronogram  of  the  date  1638,  which  is  designated  '  Proteum 
Poeticum  palindromum,'  on  the  subject  of  peace  long  wished  for — 
absInt  beLLa  faMes,  pestIs  VIgeatqVe  reDVX  paX:  =     1638 

paX  Vt  In  aVspICIo,  MeDIo  VtqVe  In  fIne  sIt  annL         =     1638 

The  line  in  the  cross-ways  of  the  circle  may  be  read  4  times  as  a 
chronogram,  and  24  times  in  all     (See  next  page.) 

1  This  chronogram  makes  only  1644 ;  there  is  probably  an  error,  but  the  author  does 
not  notice  it  in  his  '  corrigenda.' 


222  AUGUSTUS  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

IesV  DVX  VlTiE  noVa  fer  tV  teMpora  paCIs. 


=     1638 


paCIs 

PORA 

teM 

/                     uioduia) 

TV 

tempora                       ^V 

/                         moduis)  m 

FER 

tu  tempora                           \ 

/                           Biodma)  n)  jaj 

noVa 

fer  tu  tempora                           \ 

/                      Bjodraa)  m  &}  baou 

VlTiE, 

nova  fer  tu  tempora                      \ 

/                 wodraa)  iu  J3j  baou  'a^u 

DVX 

vitae,  nova  fer  tu  tempora                 \ 

CO 

vaodypx  a*  **•*  vaou  'arxjA  XAd 

IESV 

DVX  VlTiE,  noVa  fer  tV  teMpora] 

\                         BJOdmaj  11)  J9J  BAOU  <&)TA 

DVX 

vitae,  nova  fer  tu  tempora                 1 

\                                 VJOduid)  11)  J3J  VAOU 

VItje, 

nova  fer  tu  tempora                       / 

\                             uioduid)  m  J3J 

noVa 

fer  tu  tempora                            / 

\                             cjodmd)  11) 

•  FER 

tu  tempora                            / 

^^                        ^iodma) 

TV 

teM 

PORA 

tempora                        f 

paCIs 

Pads  qua  usque  comes  Spiritualis  eat 

(Pax  maledicta  j/7,  hanc  pacem  qua  turbat^  itnqud 

Vera  Ecclesiola  condition*  tual) 


ah  DIs  neW  Iahr,  neW  frIeDens  zeIt 
brIng  nVn  IesV  Der  ChrIstenheIt. 


}=     1638 


►♦» 


AUGUSTUS  WILLIAM,  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK.       223 

On  leaf  577  v.  there  is  a  congratulation  poem,  addressed  to 
Christian-Lewis,  Duke  of  Brunswick- Liineburg,  on  29th  January — 

Anno 
prIncIpI  et  heroI  gratIoso 


ChrIstIano  LVD0VIC0  DVCI  brVnoVICensI  et 

LVlWEBVRGENSl,   PATRl  PATRLe. 


I- 


This  remarkable  work  comes  to  its  conclusion  at  leaf  585,  without 
any  more  chronograms.  The  last  date  mentioned  is  1650,  at  some 
verses  on  the  jubilee  of  that  year,  with  the  title  *  Lusus  jocoserius.' 

The  Duke  Augustus  died  in  1666;  his  son  Rudolph- Augustus 
succeeded  him,  who  associated  his  next  brother  Anthony-Ulric  in  the 
government  from  1685  until  1704,  when  he  died.  Anthony-Ulric  now 
ruled  alone ;  he  became  a  Roman  Catholic  in  17 10,  and  died  in  1714. 
Some  medals  relating  to  these  Dukes  are  mentioned  in  my  book  on 
Chronograms,  1882,  page  150. 


1649 


AUGUSTUS  WILLIAM,  DUKE  OF  BRUNSWICK. 

A  volume  of  tracts,  thirty-four  in  number,  labelled  '  Panegyrics, 
jfc\^  etc.*  (British  Museum,  press-mark  836.  m.  23.)  Tract  No.  8 
describes  the  illuminations  at  Jena  to  celebrate  the  birthday  of 
Augustus  William,  Duke  of  Brunswick,  on  8th  March.  Among  the 
decorations  and  complimentary  inscriptions  were  the  three  following. 
The  first  chronogram  marks  the  date,  1715,  the  first  anniversary  of 
his  accession ;  the  second  is  not  explained ;  perhaps  it  relates  to  his 
mother — 

VIVat 


VIVat 

eLIsabetha 

InsIgne 

orbIs 

DeLeCtaMen. 


Long  live  Elizabeth,  the  great 
delight  of  the  world. 


1670 


aVgVstVs 
gVILIeLMVs 

dvx  y=    1715 

aVeLpherbItanVs 

PATER 
PATRliE. 

i.e.  Long  live  William  Augustus, 
Duke  of  Wolffenbiittel,  the  father 
of  his  country. 

VIVat 
perpetVoqVe  VIgeat 
aVgVsta 
DoMVs  brVnsVICensIs  >=     X7XS 

ET 

LVnebVrgensIs. 
i.e.  Long  live  the  august  House  of  Brunswick  and  Liineburg,  and  may 
it  flourish  for  ever. 


224  CARL  THEODOR,  COUNT  PALATINE. 

The  next  two  tracts  in  the  volume  are,  first,  a  cantata  performed 
at  Jena;  and,  second,  a  congratulatory  oration  spoken  at  Jena,  in 
honour  of  his  birthday.  They  contain  no  chronograms;  nor  are 
there  any  in  the  other  tracts  in  the  volume. 


CARL  THEODOR,  COUNT  PALATINE. 

MEDAL  to  Charles  Theodore,  Elector-Palatine,  to  commemorate 
his  visit  to  Heidelberg  on  15th  August  1746,  taken  from  the 
engraving  in  the  vol.  for  1851-54  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Historical 
Society  of  Middle  Franconia,  p.  xiii.  Ob.  his  portrait.  Rev.  repre- 
sents a  lion  in  the  sky,  whose  body  emerges  from  the  sun  with  rays 
in  all  directions,  beneath  is  a  city  with  a  river  in  front ;  another  lion 
rises  from  a  hill  in  the  background,  and  stands  rampant  towards  the 
first  lion.  The  medal  is  not  explained;  it  bears  this  inscription,  com- 
posed in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse,  around  the  device — 

IrraDIat  Months  CaroLI  prjesbntIa  nostros  )  _  fi 

et  VeLVt  eXorIens  phcebVs  ab  aXe  VenIt.  j  ~~     !M° 

t\e.  May  Charles  irradiate  cur  hills  by  his  presence,  even  as  the  rising 
sun  comes  from  above. 


MM&ftftWgl 


LUDWIG,  LANDGRAVE  OF  HESSE. 

IT  is  desirable  that  I  should  repeat  here  what  may  be  seen  in  my 
former  book  on  Chronograms,  pp.  125,  126,  in  order  that  I  may 
give  a  more  complete  extract  from  the  volume  there  mentioned,  and 
bring  to  notice  a  somewhat  different  copy  of  that  rare  book.  And 
first,  as  to  the  folio  volume  in  the  Lambeth  Palace  Library  (press- 
mark 13.  c.  10).  The  engraved  title-page  represents  a  handsome 
sepulchral  monument,  with  skeletons  and  emblems  of  mortality,  with 
this  title  in  the  centre,  'Ehren  Gedechtnus  dess  Durchleuchtigen 
Hochgebornen  Fursten  .  .  .  Ludwigen  Landgraven  zu  Hessen.' 
Marpurg,  1626.  There  are  curious  engravings  of  the  funeral  pageant 
of  Ludwig  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  many  pages  (from  engraved  plates) 
of  complimentary  verses  enclosed  within  very  pretty  floral  borders, 
genealogical  trees,  etc.,  also  funeral  orations  and  sermons  to  his 
memory  at  a  later  part  of  the  volume. 

At  page  no  the  members  of  the  University  of  Marpurg  record 
their  lamentation  on  the  loss  of  their  patron  Ludwig,  and  invoke  the 
blessing  of  God  on  his  successor,  the  Landgrave  George,  concluding 
with  this  hexameter  chronogram — 

sCeptra  regat  faVstVs  MoDerante  georgIVs  aXe.  =     1626 

i.e.  May  George  reign  happily,  heaven  moderating  his  rule. 


LVDWIG,  LANDGRAVE  OF  HESSE.  225 

A  funeral  sermon,  at  page  152,  by  Martinus  Helvicus,  with  the  text 
1  2  Corinthians,  v.,'  is  preceded  by  this  chronogram  couplet,  alluding 
to  the  Thirty  Years'  War— Anno 
heV  !  passIM  VLtrICI  terret  beLLona  fLageLLo,  )  _       ^  ^ 

nos  patroCInIo  ChrIste  tVere  tVo  !  J 

Le.  In  this  year ;  Alas!  Bellona  everywhere  terrifies  us  with  an  aveng- 
ing whip;  do  thou,  O  Christ,  defend  us  with  thy  patronage. 

The  second  part  of  the  volume  is  dated  12th  November  1626,  and 
has  this  chronogram  at  page  153 — 

DIspergat  reX  VIrtVtIs  nostros  InIMICos.  =     1626 

Le.  May  the  king  of  virtue  scatter  our  enemies. 

Among  the  'grief  and  groans/  at  page  180,  is  this  '  Eteostichon,' 
expressing  the  date  of  Ludwig^s  death,  the  27th  July  1626,  and  of  his 
funeral,  the  18th  September  1626 — 
JVLIVs  en  noVIes  ter  CeLso  Vt  LVXerat  aXe,  1  ,  , 

prInCeps  LVDVICVs  L^etVs  aD  astra  VenIt.  /  ~~     I02° 

Bis  noVIesqVe  VbI  LVX  septeMbrIs  fVLserat,  eCCe        )  _       ,  , 

prInCIpIs  eXWIas,  heI,  CapIt  Vrna  LeVIs.  /  "     I0 

Le,  When  July  had  thrice  nine  times  shone  in  the  lofty  sky,  Prince  Lewis 
joyfully  went  to  heaven. —  When  the  light  of  September  had  shone  twice 
nine  times,  behold  the  slight  urn  receives  the  mortal  remains  of  the  prince. 

I  he  other  copy,  above  alluded  to,  was  in  the  sale  of  the  '  Beck- 
ford  Library*  at  Sotheby's  in  December  1882,  lot  1959.  It  is  thus 
described  in  the  catalogue  (the  title  being  the  same  as  that  of  the 
Lambeth  Palace  volume),  'Engraved  throughout  and  ornamented 
title,  coats  of  arms,  full-length  portraits  of  the  Landgrave  and  his 
wife,  emblem,  Landgrave  lying  in  state,  his  family  standing  around 
the  coffin,  funeral  procession,  vault,  chapel,  genealogical  tree,  portrait 
of  George  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  and  elegant  borders,  red  velvet 
binding,  gilt  edges;  folio,  Marpurg,  1626.  #*#  Very  scarce; 
unknown  to  Brunet  and  Grasse.' 

This  copy  contains  the  same  engravings  as  those  in  the  Lambeth 
Palace  copy,  with  the  additional  one  occupying  the  space  of  two  folio 
pages,  representing  the  deceased  prince  clothed  in  regal  costume 
lying  in  state  on  his  funeral  bier;  on  the  reverse  side,  within  an 
ornamental  funereal  border  are  these  chronograms,  first  the  motto 
of  the  Landgrave,  showing  the  year  of  his  death — 

In  rebVs  DVbIIs  tVnC  tIbI  fIDo  DeVs.  =     1626 

Le.  In  uncertain  affairs,  then  I  trust  on  thee,  O  God. 

Then  follow  the  two  couplets  given  above  containing  the  dates  of 
his  death  and  funeral,  and  this  additional  chronogram  couplet — 

Annum  mortis  bis  exhibens. 
DIsCe  MorI  In  VIta,  post  fata  Vt  VIVere  possIs,  =     1626 

HjeC  prasens  DVbIa  est:  qV*  sVper  aXe  Manet.  =     1626 

Le.  Learn  in  life  to  die,  that  after  death  thou  mayest  be  able  to  live; — 
this  present  life  is  uncertain,  that  in  heaven  above  is  permamnt. 

2F 


226 


GEORGE  IL>  LANDGRA  VE  OF  HESSE. 


The  Lambeth  Palace  volume  contains  490  pages  of  letterpress 
more  than  the  '  Beckford'  volume.  The  latter  was  sold  for  £y,  10s.; 
the  purchaser,  without  having  seen  it,  was  attracted  by  the  catalogue 
note  #*#.  I  cannot  find  a  copy  in  the  British  Museum,  and  I  know 
of  none  other  than  the  two  volumes  here  noticed. 


I  possess  a  volume  very  similar  in  character  and  subject  to  that 
last  mentioned.  It  is  a  thick  folio,  containing  about  720  pages  and 
83  plates,  describing  the  funeral  of  George  11.,  Landgrave  of  Hesse, 
at  Darmstadt  in  166 1,  and  giving  the  particulars  of  the  funeral  pageant, 
and  the  whole  of  some  exceedingly  long  sermons  in  German,  and 
orations  in  Latin,  preached  and  spoken  on  the  occasion,  both  there 
and  at  Giessen  University.  The  emblematical  engravings  are  very 
curious,  with  their  lugubrious  accessories  or  prettily  composed  floral 
and  other  borders.  The  funeral  procession  must  have  been  incon- 
veniently long  for  those  who  attended  it,  it  is  chiefly  interesting  now 
for  depicting  the  costumes  of  all  classes  of  persons  who  were  present. 
Other  engravings  represent  full-length  portraits  of  several  members 
of  the  family  in  grand  costume,  and  of  the  deceased  Landgrave  lying 
in  state,  the  sepulchral  vault,  armorial  shields,  and  genealogical  tree. 
Altogether  the  engravings  much  resemble  those  in  the  last-men- 
tioned work  describing  the  funeral  of  Ludwig.  The  name  of  the 
compiler  of  the  volume,  and  the  author  of  whatever  may  be  therein 
of  his  own  original  composition,  is  Johannes  Tackius  (or  Tacki), 
doctor  of  philosophy  and  medicine  at  Hesse-Darmstadt,  chief 
physician,  etc 

The  work  is  in  two  parts,  with  separate  paginations.  The  first 
part  contains  the  preachings,  etc.,  in  480  pages  ;  the  second  contains 
238  pages  of  orations,  epitaphs,  verses,  etc ;  the  latter  bears  this 
title — 'Cedrus,  aeternitati  nominis  et  famae  serenissimi  principis  ac 
Domini  Georgii  secundi  Hassiae  Landgravii  principis  Hersfeldiae, 
etc  etc  etc  Principis  dum  viveret  optimi  maximi  virtute  mentis 
gloria,  nomine  totius  academiae  Gissensis,  inter  suspiria  et  lachrymas 
oratione  publics,  devotissimfe  consecrata  per  Johannem  Tackium/ 
etc  etc. 

Among  the  engravings,  that  which  is  numbered  40  is  a  fair  example 
of  the  doleful  ones,  and  it  is  the  only  one  with  chronograms,  which 
appear  as  if  inscribed  on  a  recess  cut  in  a  rock.  Its  character  is 
likely  to  be  overlooked  in  glancing  over  so  many  engravings,  there- 
fore I  give  in  the  accompanying  illustration  a  facsimile  of  it  somewhat 
reduced  in  size.     The  inscription  is  to  be  read  plainly  thus — 

In  symbolum  serenissimi  principis,  secundum  voluntatem  tuam 
Domine. 

Chronodistichon. 

Annum  mundi  et  Christi  continens,  in  quo  serenissimus  princeps 
obiit 


p — 


**  ^ 


!\ 


■ 


In    Symbol  urtt    ,. 
rSE  EZNJSS:  FRINOHS I  N 

Secundum  Xhhmtatem 
tuam  DojTiiue*       | 

CHRONODI.sTJCHOK 

\  Annum  Hundi  tj~-  CirrtfU  contonaitf-ttiqv0. 

VTVb    tfkrW    flnIM-«*DVlC     ■ 
/4>,  Mel. 

Atnm  raiioNcrDi^TicHpN  -      \ 

turn  Chritfi    in#,  iW-ranijfiTiiy'''' 
ce^y  I?  Mia*   trufu?  t  tout- 

EW*r  IMKXMa  iprtw  trrf&  Wh>r  iW,       I 

IAMBI,  orouv  #tatw  Wtpfcfo*, 
O-  amium  aln.hu.  a  Chrutc 
note  zan±int7tbef 

S**VV»  JelwV*  CtoroLV*     $  ,s   > 


N*Y*# 


io  -  ii  *  ia  -  i  ■  a 


GEORGE  II,  LANDGRAVE  OF  HESSE.  227 


}■ 


5610 
1661 


3322 


VeLLe  tWM  sIt  VeLLe  MeVM,  DeVs 

optIMe,  qVare 

VIVo  tIbI  !  Ipse  anIMI  es  DVX 

sIne  fIne  MeI.1  J  =     7271 

Aliud  Chronodistichon. 

Annum  Christi  bis,  item,  mensem  et  diem 

occubitus  indigitans 

erg6ne  VnDeCIMA,  pater  et  soL  noster  IVnI,  )  1 66 1 

hassIaDVM  prInCeps,  gLorIa  }=     1661 

nostra  perIt?2 

Iambi,  annos  aetatis  completes,  et  annum  obitus, 

a  Christo  nato  continentes 

SERWS  lEHOViE  georgIVs  )  _  , 

VIXlT   BENE,   ATQVE  VIVIt,8  J   "~  5° 

Inter  beatos  angeLos,  )  _       „ 

DeVMqVe  save  Cantat.  f  ""     I061 
In  solstitium  aestivale  anni  1661. 

eCCe  !  soLe  CVLMInante,  ) 

sIgna  CceLI  et  tosta  tenente,  >=     1 66 1 

noster  oh  !  prInCeps  obIIt.4  J 

At  page  385  of  the  first  part  a  preaching  with  this  title — 
'  Concio  exequialis,  gehalten  von  Johann  Adolph  Riiheln,  Definitorn 
und  Pfarrern  zu  Rheinheim.  m.dclviiiiii.'  A  funeral  oration  in 
German,  in  which  the  speaker  wisely  brings  to  the  front  the 
Landgrave  Ludwig,  the  living  successor  of  George.  The  chronograms 
at  the  head  of  the  discourse  decidedly  point  to  him;  they  follow 
immediately  after  the  above  curiously  expressed  date,  meaning 
1661— 

In  noMIne  DeI;  ChrIstI  saLVatorIs:  =     1661 

et  regIMIne  LVDwICI  pII,  =     1661 

DeI  gratIa  serenIssIMI  nostrI  prInCIpIs  hassLe        )  _       „ 
et  hersfeLdIjS  (sic).  J 

i.c.  In  the  name  of  God ;  and  of  Christ  the  Saviour :  and  in  the  reign  oj 
Ludwig  the  pious,  by  the  grace  of  God  our  most  serene  Prince  of  Hesse 
and  Hersfeld. 

By  correcting  some  of  the  errors  in  the  original  print,  I  have  made 
the  second  and  third  chronograms  to  give  the  right  date.  The  author 
of  'Concio  exequialis'  concludes  at  page   399  with  the  following 

1  This  chronogram  gives  both  the  year  of  the  world  and  the  year  of  Christ,  in  which 
Landgrave  George  died.  I  am  unable  to  decide  on  the  system  of  chronology  by  which  this 
particular  date  is  calculated.  It  is  neither  the  Jewish  3761,  nor  the  customary  one  of  4004 
years  adopted  in  this  country.  The  total  makes  7271  ;  therefore,  after  deducting  the  date 
1 66 1,  the  remaining  figures,  5610,  must  be  taken  as  the  Annus  mundi  here  intended. 

1  This  makes  3322,  or  twice  the  date  1661. 

•  Of  these  Iambic  verses,  the  first  couplet  makes  his  age,  the  second  the  current  date. 

4  This  tells  that  he  died  in  the  summer  solstice,  which  includes  the  nth  June,  while  the 
shadow  on  the  sun-dial  below  shows  the  hour  of  his  death. 


228  GEORGE  II.%  LANDGRAVE  OF  HESSE. 

chronograms  on  the  second  year  of  Ludwig's  reign,  1662,  and  intro- 
duces his  own  name  in  the  third  line  from  the  end — 

Anno  Christi  mdclwii. 

LVgVbres  has  MeDItatIones  saCras,  =  1662 

serenIssIMa  CeLsItVDInI  IpsI,  =  1662 

prInCIpI  hassIa  et  hersfeLtLae  prVDentIssIMo  ==  1662 

LanDgraVIo,  serenItate  pIa,  ChrIstIanIssIMo  =  1662 

DIspensatorI  In  gratIa  prInCIpaLI  optVMo,  =  1662 

Voto  Vere  fIDeLI  ceConoMo.  =  1662 

LVD0VIC0  Meo  gratIoso  =  1662 

In  LaVDato  obserVantIjE  saCraMento,  =  1662 

DebILI  et  trIstI  sVbIeCtIone  transMItto.  =  1662 

CorDe,  e  rheInheM,  rUheLIVs  :  =1662 

Mcesta  Vestra  serenItas  et  CeLsItVDo  =  1662 

fLoreat,  et  faVeat  pastorI  senIorI  InDIgnIssIMo  obseCro  =  1662 

The  second  part  of  the  work,  after  giving  seventeen  sets  of 
lugubrious  and  complimentary  verses,  breaks  out  in  chronograms. 
The  ode  number  xviii.,  at  page  181,  is  as  follows — 
CARMEN  NUMERALE, 

quo  Serenissimi  Principis 
Annus  obitus  comprehenditur, 

sangVInIs  hassIaCI  prInCeps,  pr«CeLse  geofgI,  361 

euge1  neqVIs  LethI  sVbItas  VItare  sagIttas?  70 

Corporis  egregIaqVe  statVra,  qVI  eLoqVIoqVe  179 

VIrtVte  et  pIetate  tVA,  genIo,  et  generoso  18 

IngenIo,  heroas  EVROPiE,  VInCere  qVosVIs  124 
es  soLItVs;  fato  en  !  ah  1  fVnere  raptVs  aCerbo  es!    166 

hassIa  nostra  fVIt  tanto  VIX  prInCIpe  DIgna.  626 

ARBlTRlO   IVSTO  ERG6   STATO  VERBOQVE   IeHOVjE  24 

qVIVIs  sVpponat  sese  :  atqVe  ob  fVnera  nostrI  28 

heroIs  fIgant  hassI  LVgVbrIa  sIgna.  65 


-=    1661 


ALIUD  CARMEN 
Diem,  Mensem  et  Annum  Mortis  continens. 
IVnIVs  VnDeCIMVs  VenIt  qVo  non  sIne  trIstI 
fato,  heros,  pater  en  !  patrlie  petit  astra  georgvs  : 

REGNA  BEATA  TENES,   APTASQVe  tVa  OSSA  QVlETl. 

CHRONODISTICHON,  SYMBOLUM 
Serenissimi  Principis 
Cum  anno  obitus  complectens : 
oMnIbVs  In  gestIs  fIat  DIVIna  VoLVntas 
2IngentI  eVentV,  atqVe  VtILItate  I  Wans  1 


-=     1661 


-=     1661 


1  Sic.  This  line  is  faulty,  because  a  numeral  letter  in  euge  (eVge)  is  not  counted. 
*  This  pentameter  verse  is  remarkable,  every  word  is  elided  into  that  which  next 
follows. 


GEORGE  IIn  LANDGRAVE  OF  HESSE.  229 

The  next  set  of  verses  at  page  182,  and  numbered  xix.,  are  in  a 
more  cheerful  style.  They  congratulate  Ludwig  in  a  most  devoted 
manner  on  his  succession  to  his  title  and  dominions. 

The  first  gives  the  day,  month,  and  year  of  his  birth,  the  25th 
January  1630 — 

natVs  eras  LVDoVICe  heros,  Vt  noster  IanVs,  677 

qVInqVe  et  VICenos  feCIt  VeLoCIter  ortVs,  379 

saLVa  sIt  Ista  DIes,  VenIatqVe  sterna  per  mVa.         574 

The  next  gives  the  year  of  the  commencement  of  his  reign — 

tV  LVDoVICe,  pater  PATRliE,  terra  hassIaC^qVe,  773 

nostra  atLas,  saLVe:  IaCVIsses  hassIa  tota  213 

Vt  Vastata,  tVIs  proprIIs  neqVe  sVrgere  posses  28 

VIrIbVs.  aVXILIIs  heros  nIsI  te  pIVs  Iste  89 

erIgeret,  VeLoXqVe  tVas  aVferre  rVInas  87 

InCIperet.  IVsTfe  regnI  sVsCepIt  habenas  215 

heros.  frVgaLIs  VIVIt,  pressosqVe  tVetVr  :  83 

phcebVs  eo  regnante  VIget,  VIret  hassIa  nostra  18 

VI Vat  nestoreos  annos,  ser&qVe  beatVs.  21 

fIat  !  Vos  sVperI  preCIbVs  VotIsqVe  faVete.  134 


-=     1661 


c  Tetrastichon  chronologicum.' 

saLVe  nostra  saLVs,  portVs,  LVDoVICe  serene,  776 

te  DeVs  eX  astrIs,  aVXILIoqVe  regat  588 

ConsILIIs,  CgeptIsqVe  tVIs  sors  prospera  VbIqVe  276 

iETERNfe  FAVEAT,   TV  FaVEASQVe  BONIS.  21 

The  remaining  pages  contain  no  chronograms. 


-=     1661 


In  a  topographical  work,  printed  at  Wiesbaden  in  1821, 1  find  this 
chronogram  relating  to  William  11.,  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  who  died  in 
1504.  At  this  date  all  the  territory  of  Hesse  was  under  one  govern- 
ment At  subsequent  periods  it  was  divided  into  the  three  princi- 
palities of  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Hesse-Cassel,  and  Hesse-Homburg. 
(I  quote  from  a  copy  in  the  Homburg  Library,  C.  91) — 
hasso  CreMat  trIstI  faCe  fLens  perIt  aCCoLa  rhenI.      =     1504 


GERMAN    BISHOPS. 

CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS,  DUKE  OF  BA  VARIA, 
BISHOP  OF  PADERBORN. 

VOLUME  of  panegyrics  in  Latin  prose  and  verse,  bear- 
ing the  title  CASTOR  ET  POLLUX,  was  addressed 
to  this  bishop  by  the  Society  of  Jesuits  at  Paderborn 
in  1 7 19.  It  is  full  of  curious  and  fanciful  compositions, 
and  it  abounds  with  chronograms.  The  copy  in  the 
British  Museum  is  entered  in  the  catalogue  under  '  Clement 
Augustus,  Duke  of  Bavaria,'  press-mark  9930.  h. — folio,  pp.  84. 

The  careeer  of  Clement  Augustus  is  remarkable.  He  was  born 
at  Brussels  on  16th  August  1700.  When  but  a  youth  he  was 
appointed  coadjutor  to  the  Bishop  of  Ratisbon  on  19th  December 
1715,  and  he  was  made  Bishop  of  Munster  and  Paderborn  in  1719, 
his  complete  election  being  on  12th  March  of  that  year,  when  he  was 
barely  nineteen  years  old.  On  the  death  of  his  uncle,  Joseph- 
Clement,  Archbishop  of  Cologne  (to  whom  he  had  been  coadjutor), 
he  was  elected  to  that  see,  and  succeeded  to  all  the  territorial  pos- 
sessions and  dignities  attached  thereto.  He  was  chosen  Bishop  of 
Hildesheim  on  8th  February  1724.  His  own  hereditary  rank  and 
title  was  that  of  Prince  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  Elector  of 
Bavaria,  besides  the  rank  of  his  several  bishoprics,  all  of  which  he 
continued  to  hold  for  his  lifetime.  On  the  death  of  the  Emperor  of 
Germany,  Charles  VII.,  in  1745,  he  allied  himself  with  France,  in 
order  to  help  the  pretensions  to  the  empire  of  his  brother  Maxi- 
milian, the  Elector  of  Bavaria.  The  competition  for  the  throne  of 
Germany  gave  rise  to  an  almost  general  war.     The  politics  and 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS.  231 

intrigues  which  then  existed  engaged  much  of  the  attention  of 
Clement.  It  is  needless  here  to  follow  the  troubled  history  of  the 
period ;  but  passing  on  to  the  end  of  this  powerful  prelate,  and  the 
cessation  of  all  his  work  on  earth,  we  find  that  he  died  of  '  colic '  at 
Ehrenbreitstein  on  5  th  February  1761. 

The  chronograms  now  to  be  noticed  relate  to  the  year  1719.  In 
the  following  poem,  if  it  may  be  so  called,  the  bishop  and  his 
deceased  brother,  Philip  Maurice,  are  represented  as  Castor  and 
Pollux,  equals  in  their  divinity,  but  only  appearing  on  the  earth 
day  by  day  alternately.  Philip  (i.e.  Castor)  dies,  and  Clement  (*.*. 
Pollux)  survives  and  takes  his  turn  of  earthly  honour  and  ecclesi- 
astical rank  for  the  rest  of  his  mortal  life.1 

In  another  section  of  the  poem  the  bishop  is  represented  under 
the  figure  of  a  Phoenix,  having  his  origin  from  the  ashes  of  two 
renowned  but  remote  predecessors,  both  named  Liborius,  one  having 
been  the  first  Bishop  of  Paderborn  in  the  year  780,  the  other  the 
patron  saint  of  Paderborn,  who  was  Bishop  of  Mans,  and  died  about 
the  year  397,  and  whose  remains  were  translated  to  Paderborn  in 
836. 

The  volume  has  an  inserted  portrait  of  Bishop  Clement  Augustus 
at  a  more  advanced  period  of  his  life  than  nineteen  years.  It  shows 
a  handsome  profile,  but  tells  not  his  age.  The  title-page  is  here 
given  in  full.  It  is  too  complex  for  abbreviation,  and  it  contains  two 
chronograms,  one  of  them  is  also  a  logogryph. 

Castoris  et  Pollucis  felicissimorum  siderum  divisaimmortalitas, 
sive  dementis  Augusti,  et  Philippi  Mauritii  fratrum  serenissimorum 
virtutis,  et  gloria  siderum  duplicata  felicitas,  dim  serenissimo  fratre 
per  mortem  coelestis  inter  Leonis  Bavarici  astra,  Gloriosissimos 
nimirum  in  coelo  majores  suos,  et  praesules  relato,  Clemens  Augustus 
episcopus  Paderbomensis  et  Monasteriensis,  utriusque  Bavarian,  et 
Superioris  Palatinates  Dux,  etc  In  sacros  ejusdem  honores  unanimi 
omnium  voto  succederet 

Die, 
qVje  MerItIs  sanCtI  pLaVDebat  LjEta  rVpertI.  =     17 19 

1  This  allegory  does  not  strictly  follow  the  heathen  fable,  which  is  related  by  various 
heathen  writers  somewhat  in  this  manner  : — Castor  and  Pollux  were  the  progeny  of  Jupiter, 
Pollux  alone  having  the  gift  of  divinity.  They  became  powerful  in  the  country  of  their 
residence,  and  set  to  work  to  rid  the  seas  of  pirates.  In  one  of  the  battles  with  them 
Castor  was  killed,  upon  which  Pollux,  who  was  immortal,  desired  of  Jupiter  that  they 
might  share  the  immortality  between  them.  This  was  granted,  and  thenceforward  the  two 
brothers  are  said  to  live  and  die  by  turns  every  other  day,  so  far  at  least  as  the  presence  of 
one  of  them  here  on  earth  is  concerned. 


232  BISHOP  CLEMENT  A  UGUSTUS. 

Atque 
Ecclesiae,  et  triumphanti  in  terris  Serenissimae  familiae  suae  novum  sidus 
illucesceret.  Quam  serenissimo  principi  et  domino,  domino  suo 
Clementissimo,  In  devotissimi  obsequii,  et  submisissimae  venerationis 
argumentum  humillime  reprsesentabant  Collegium  Paderbornense, 
Residentia  Biirana,  et  Falckenhagensis  S.  J.  Quando  sereno  virtutum 
suarum  vultu  Paderanum  primum  exhilarabat  horizontem, 

Et 
Suo  urbem  hanc  dignabatur  aspectu 
Anno, 
DVpLeX  opt-  qVo  sIDVs  ab  aXe  re-  ) 

ato  LVXIt.  >=     1719 

pLaVsVs  sper-        paDeranIs  gVrgIte  f-  j 

This  '  logogryph '  chronogram  ends  the  title-page,  and  gives  the 
date  of  the  book,  which  was  printed  at  Paderborn. 


An  address  to  the  youthful  prince-bishop  follows,  occupying  ten 
pages,  printed  in  a  varied  manner  in  long  and  short  lines,  and  occa- 
sionally in  single  words,  after  the  fashion  of  some  inscriptions,  includ- 
ing a  few  chronograms.     At  page  4  is  this  sentence — 

Veriim  non  ita  coelitus  visum  est  (Ovid,  4  de  Pon.  Ep.  9) : 
nasciturus  promittitur;  atque  ante  vota  occidit,  et  suorum  gratula- 
tiones.  Jarojam  nasciturus  superabatur :  Ipsoque  in  ortu  extinguitur. 
Nostro  vix  ostenditur  horizonti 

Spem  nostram,  terras,  deseruitque  simul. 

coeleste  sede  receptum.     (Ibid.) 
CVM  fortVnatIs  sVspICor  esse  DIIs.     {Ibid.  lib.  3.  de   =     17 19 

Pon.  Ep.  3.  v.  54). 

The    subject    continues  to    praise  the    two  brothers  Clement 

Augustus  and  Philip  Maurice,  under  the  form  of  Castor  and  Pollux, 

in  a  very  elaborate  manner,  introducing  this  quotation  from  Ovid, 

lib.  i.  Trist  Epist.  3.  v.  66— 

VterqVe  ) 

o  MIhI  theseA  peCtora  IVnCta  fIDe  !  fly 

And  further  on,  at  p.  7,  is  this  quotation,  also  from  Ovid — 

saCra  hVnC  1  ,. 

VIrtVs  aDDIDIt  astrIs.  |  "     I7'9 

This  string  of  praise  and  flattery  of  these  '  Dioscuri '  terminates  at 
page  12,  without  any  further  chronograms. 

A  large  engraving  next  follows,  showing  a  portion  of  the  Zodiac 
containing  the  constellation  '  Gemini ; '  one  of  the  twins  bears  in  its 
forehead  a  bright  star,  which  shines  down  direct  on  the  city  of  Pader- 
born; it  is  not  quite  clear  whether  this  is  the  star  'Castor/  the 
deceased  bishop,  or  the  star  Pollux,  the  new  bishop,  the  'novum 
sidus'  already  mentioned,  probably  the  latter.  Then  immediately 
follows  a  poem  of  applause  of  the  new  bishop  as  Pollux,  it  also 
describes  the  fireworks  displayed  on  the  occasion  of  his  rising  as  a 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  A  UG  USTUS. 


233 


star  in  the  diocese,  and  laments  the  setting  of  Castor,  his  fraternal 
predecessor ;  it  has  this  title — 

POLLUX 

Festivos  inter  applausus  Padernas  exoriens ; 

Sed  occidens  subito, 

Succedensque 

CASTOR 

Sive 
Ad  fraternas  infulas  evocatus  frater. 
Lemma : 
qVIs  In  fratrIs  potIVs  sVCCeDat  honoreM? 


=     1719 


VIX  tVLerat  sVa  Vota  graVIs  pro  More  senatVs, 

narratVr  baVaro  neXa  tIara  DVCI. 
eXCItVr  pLaVsVs,  L^etos  per  VaLLa  tVMVLtVs 

jERa  CIent,  aVras  ConCVtIVntqVe  sonIs. 
sensIt  Vt  w  iEs  saCrVM,  sonItVs  In  IVbILa  torqVens 

tInnItV  faVsto  sVaVIVs  w  IstVD  oVat. 
CLangores,  DIXIt,  DIssCIssIs  CVrrIte  CaVrIs, 

feLICIqVe  VoLent  VoXqVe,  sonVsqVe  noto. 
hIs  terras  (Ite,  Ite)  sonIs  CoMpLete  :  PHILIPPE, 

antIstes  regnes:  astra,  DIIqVe  fa  Vent! 
pergIte!  IVCVnDo  boIos  affLate  sVsVrro, 

Vt  qVoqVe  DVX  baVarVs  gaVDIa  nostra  probet. 
protInVs  ergo  aLIqVIs  sonVs  eXspatIatVs  In  aVLaM, 

qVIs  pLaVsVs  paDer^e,  qVIs  sIt  In  Vrbe,  refert. 
protInVs  et  VoLVCrI  DeCVrrIt  paDera  CVrsV, 

fVsVrVs  pLaVsVs  nVnCIa  Verba  (c)  LyCo. 
ConIVngVntVr  aqVjE,  DIWLgatoqVe  sVsVrro 

gaVDIa  testantVr,  Verba  DabantqVe  sonI. 
ILICet  et  VarIIs  strepVIt  CVrsorIbVs  aVLa, 

aC  Defert  sVppLeX  nVnCIa  qVIsqVe  DVCI. 
eXIn  LaVs  PADERiE  est,  CVIVs  qVoqVe  sCeptra  saLVtans, 

LyCVs  sIC  VoVIt:  nVnC  paDeranVs  ero. 
DeXtera  sIt  testIs  noVa  sVrgVnt  fgeDera,  VtrIqVe 

aLVeVs  VnVs  erIt  :  nVnC  paDeranVs  ero. 
ILLe  (rVbor  WLtVs  VItreos  DepInXerat)  Infert  : 

sIt  tVVs  Iste  faVor;  tV  MIhI  tVtor  erIs. 
Interea  sIbI  pLVs  pLaVsVs  Vrbs  pLaVsIbVs  aVXIt, 

atqVe  Instar  MagnI  gaVDIa  fontIs  eVnt. 
prlnceps  et  bavarvs  lieto  regnabat  in  ore; 

westphaLIA  ba  Varos  ne  MeDIA  esse  neges. 


1  =  ] 

[719 

1  =  ] 

[719 

1  =  3 

[719 

I  ss   ] 

[719 

1  =  ] 

1719 

[  = 

[719 

I  = 

[719 

[  = 

1719 

I  = 

17 19 

i  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

(•)  Campanse.        (b)  Solcecismus  Horat.  aliisque  familiaris. 

2  G 


<c>  Unus  ex  Bavaria  fluviis. 


234 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


Ardentis 
Inter  insignia 
Leonia  Bararid 
applausus 
poeticus. 


Felix  adjectum 
plausibus, 
omen.  Claud, 
in  Cona.  6.  Horn. 


Exultantta 
Padene  jubilus 
poeticus. 


LVX  ea  tVnC  eXIt,  qVA  CrebrIs  IgnIbVs  Iret 

aLtIVs  aCCensIs  p  VbLICVs  VrbIs  aMor. 
strVCta  (d)  sVb  aVgVsto  feLIX  est  fabrICa  fVLCro, 

hVC  pronVs  fertVr  p  VbLICVs  VrbIs  aMor. 
VernVs  erat  fVnDVsi  qVo  stat  sVbnIXa:  w  DeCanI 

hortVs  erat,  bene  qVo  fLorVIt  IstVD  op  Vs. 
hIC  fLWIos  paDera  effVsos  (0  DeVoLVIt  ab  Vrna, 

hVC  ILLVC  refLVIs  IVssaqVe  sCrIbIt  aqVIs. 
qVIqVe  fIgVrat  aqVas  sItVs,  est  par  pen£  CoronIs, 

aVt  VIX  sIt  DIspar  fLeXa  fIgVra  MItr;E. 
hVC  VeLVt  In  portVM  patrIa  Vaga  *»  CVra  reCVrrIt; 

VIrtVtIs  LoCVs  est,  ConsILIIqVe  fVIt. 
noX  erat,  «  aC  CroCeIs  Vaga  LVna  CrepVsCVLa  bIgIs 

VeXerat:  eX  resono  MVLtVs  It  iERE  fragor: 
eXCVbItor  fragor  Iste  fVIt,  pLaVsVsqVe  statVtVs 

aDMonItor  :  IVssIs  horrVIt  Ipse  sVIs. 
eXsILIVnt  Ignes,  pVLChrIs  fVLgorIbVs  aVra 

sCIntILLant,  CgeLo  LVXqVe  DIesqVe  reDIt. 
eCCe  VoLat  steLLatVs  w  apeX,  seqVItVrqVe  seCVnDVs, 

tertIVs  hVnC  VrsIt;  DeIn  sVa  beLLa  parant. 
CLaro  LVCtantVr  saLtV,  WLt,  se  DVCe  qVIsqVe 

aLtIVs  astra  sVper  LaVDe  phILIppVs  oVet. 
MIXtI  pVgnabant  :  noVVs  ergo  sVperVenIt  :  artIs 

pLVs  habVIt  reLIqVIs  :  sVbDoLVs  IgnIs  erat. 
esse  Vetat  pVgnaM  ;  paX  ferVet  :  soLVs  In  aVras 

seqVe  LeVat  pernIX,  sVbDoLVs  IgnIs  erat. 
sVCCensVs  Leo  sVspeXIt  beLLa  ILLa,  MorasqVe 

eXseCratVs  aIt:  nIL  tVa  LaVrVs  oVJsrt 
NIL  tVa  LaVrVs  oVet?  CceLVM  tVnC  saLtVs  habebat, 

pLaVsIt  seXCentIs  VngVLa  pLaVsa  sonIs. 
IgneVs  eX  rVtILo  terras  InspeXerat  aXe, 

DIssILIt;  InqVe  hostes  fVLMIna  boIa  rVVnt. 
eX  peDe  DefLVXIt  se  gvrans  sVLphVrIs  IrIs, 

Verba  fIgVrabat;  VI Ve  PHILIPPE  DIV  ! 
paDera  pLVs  aVXIt  pLaVsVs,  pr6  qVantVs  oVabat 

L/ETlTliE  sVrgens  aMne  sVperbVs  aqVIs! 
eXVLtans  eXhaVsIt  aqVas,  saLIensqVe  per  aVras 

rIDet,  et  has  patVLo  gVttVre  reDDIt  aqVas: 


1  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

1  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

1  = 

1719 

1  = 

1719 

i  =  ] 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

[  = 

1719 

1  =  ] 

[719 

1  =  ] 

1719 

[  = 

[719 

1  = 

[719 

(  =  : 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

1  =  3 

[719 

1  =  : 

[719 

<d^  Sub  pro  in  Virgil,  saepe. 

W  Festivi  ignes  accensi  in  horto  Curiae  Decanalis  Reverendissimi  L.  B.  de  Metternicfa, 
Decani  Paderbornensis,  Praepositi  Monasteriensis,  etc.,  15  Martii. 

W  Alluditur  ad  Curiam,  prope  quam  scaturigines  Padene  fontibusque  ibidem  utrimque 
cingitur,  et  ambitur  undique. 

(g)  Fuit  ilia  decanalis  semper,  Capitumquel  Uustrissimorum  Sedes,  penes  quae  non  rard 
reeimen  est,  et  Patriae  cura,  utpote  Consiliarios  Principum. 

T»)  Festivi  ignes  sub  serum  vesperum  accensi,  Signo  displosis  tormentis  facto. 

(k)  Vulgd  raquetten  sive  ignes  pyrotechnici.  Ita  Ovid.  iv.  Ex  Pon.  Ep.  9.  Detque  bonum 
yoto  lucidus  omen  apex. 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


*35 


qVotqVe,  sVsVrrabat,  gVttIs  MeVs  aLVeVs  VnDat, 

tot  serVs  LVstrIs,  opto,  phILIppVs  oVet  ! 
eXCIVIt  CVLtas  VICIno  CespIte  nyMphas, 

naIs  VIX  tenVI  est  VoCe  VoCata,  VenIt. 
qVaM  stIpaVIt  (*)  anas  graVIs  IgnIbVs,  VnDIqVe  sVLphVr 

rVCtabat,  refVgas  IgneqVe  pIngIt  aqVas. 
LVsIt   Vt,  oVa  faCIt,  naIs  LeVat  ;  aVrea,  DIXIt, 

eX  His  eXCLVDes  seCLa  phILIppe,  sCIo. 
PRiE  pLaVsV  paDer-s  fVgerVnt  Corpore  sensVs, 

VIrIbVs  absqVe  sVIs  MensqVe,  VIgorqVe  stVpent. 
spIrItVs  eXCIDerat  VIt,«qVe,  anIMoqVe,  sIbIqVe, 

totVs  In  optato  prjEsVLe  fIXVs  erat. 
eX  Voto  VenIt  ergo  qVIes;  seD  sera,  IoCoqVe 

Vt  reLeVent  anIMos  noXqVe,  soporqVe  graVes. 
VItreVs  iEGROTos  DeVs  eXporreXerat  artVs; 

QViELlBET  eXCVbIas  nyMpha  teneto  !  IVbet. 
CVrrVnt:   MoX  VernI  CrystaLLIna  CLaVstra  tapetes 

prjeteXVnt;   oCVLos  sVaVIor  Vna  LIgat: 
Ista  DeDIt  fLVVIos  sVaVI  eXVLtare  sVsVrro, 

aVres  ter  grato  pVLset  Vt  VnDa  sono. 
IntentIs  operI  reLIqVIs,  grata  otIa  spIrans 

IMpLebat  ronChIs  antra  sopora  DeVs. 
nonaqVe  noX  fVerat  ;  (m)  pernIXqVe  reVerberat  aVras 

aLa  :  VenIt  propIor  MoX  sonVs  ILLe  Deo. 
eXpVLIt,  et  sVbIto  bLanDos  strIDore  sopores; 

trVXqVe  LeVans  artVs,  tV  qVIs  es,  VnDe?  rogat. 
hVC,  eXponIt  aMor:  prosternor  nVnCIVs  aXe, 

eCCe  notas  !  arCVs  eXpLICVItqVe  sVos. 
atqVe  reffrt  :  fVnVs  qVAM  nVnCIo  trIste!  PhILIppVs 

oCCVbVIt!  tragICVs  nVnCIVs  ILLe  fVIt. 
VoX  tItVbare  Deo:  fVnDebant  peCtora  qVestVs, 

InVIDa  si  VIXIt  fata  I  phILIppVs,  aIt. 
ConCVtIt  eXsILIens  CorpVs,  foDICatqVe  trIDente  : 

heV!  VIVo  eXtInCto  prasVLe,  fLeVIt,  Iners? 
eXeqVIas  prasVL  tIbI  pono,  sVVMqVe  parabat 

aD  sVbstrata  fVrens  saXa  VIbrare  CapVt. 
InterDIXIt  aMor,  qVerVLos  fVgat  Iste  fVrores; 

soLatVrqVe  :  sVo  resqVe  saLVsqVe  statV  est  : 
DIVIsI  sortIs  stata  IVra,  VICesqVe  DVobVs 

fratrIbVs,  Vt  feLIX  qVIsqVe  regenDo  foret. 

poLLVX,  aC   Castor    baVarVs    DVo    sIDera, 

FRATRES 

eXpLebVnt  VICIbVs  seCVLa  L^eta  sVIs: 


i  = 

1719 

[  = 

[719 

1  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

1  = 

r7i9 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

'7i9 

\  = 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

1  =  ] 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

1  =:  : 

[719 

[  = 

[719 

1  =  ] 

[719 

1  = 

1719 

1  =  ] 

[719 

1  = 

[719 

J  =  ] 

1719 

J  ^  ] 

[719 

\ 

[719 

u , 

[719 

m  Aliuditur  ad  varias  figuras,  quas  super  acjuas  formabant  ignes  injecti. 

(»)  Nono  a  facto  plausu  die  percrebuit  fatalis  nuncius  de  obitu  Philippi  Mauritii. 


236  BISHOP  CLEMENT  A UGUSTUS. 

IA      PHIL 
serenVs 


astra     phILIppVs     habet,     VIrtVte     sVaqVe^ 


aVgVstVs  terras;  sIDVs  VterqVe  saCrVM  f       I7'9 

EST.  J 

fatVs  erat:  paDeioeqVe  qVIes,  et  VIta  noVantVr.  ) 

eX  anIMo  pLanCtVs  eXspVIt  ergo  sVos.  )           '  9 

VLtrA  si  SjeVIs,  DIXIt,  trVX  parCa,  nefanDa  es  !  i  _ 

fataqVe  qVI  BaVarIs  sVnt  satIs  iEQVA  DIIs.  J"*     I?I9 

ADMONITIO 

AD 

ZOILOS. 

Epigramma 
De  Festivis  Paderse  ignibus. 
zoILe  ne  tentes  Ignes  arroDere  festos!  I  = 

si  pLaVsVM  faCIes,  ora  perVsta  feres.  y  '  9 

Then  follows  at  page  17a  series  of  Eulogies  on  various  Bavarian 
bishops  from  the  year  1 162,  leading  down  to  those  who  are  the  subject 
of  the  present  eulogy  on  Castor  and  Pollux  ;  the  introductory  page 
bears  this  title — 

Leo  coelestis,  sive  refulgentium  inter  astra  Bavaricorum  Prse- 
sulum  corona,  cui  Novum  Sidus  inseritur  Philippus  Mauritius. 

Circumscriptio : 

Is  fIXVs  In  oMnes  1 

COGNATOS   PROCeDIt  HONOS.  J  '    9 

Claud,  dt  Prob.  et  Oly*  Cons.  v.  12. 
Passing  over  the  25  pages  not  containing  any  chronograms,  we 
find  at  page  42  the  conclusion  of  the  eulogies,  and  these  words, 
1  Haec  Leonis  Siderii  triumphalis  Corona  est,  Isti  de  stemmate 
et  sanguine  Bavarico  nominatiores  episcopi.  Hi  viri  sunt,  qui  sui 
sibi  ccelum  pepererunt  Fortudine,  Astra  virtute,  Gloriosissimosque 
Stirpis  suae  Duces  Sacri  serie,  et  luce  circumdant  Beatae  suae  iramor- 
talitatis  stationem  hos  inter  recenter  sibi  fixit  Philippus  Mauritius, 
etc  etc. 

Pro  applausu  votum  est, 
O  ego,  Dt  faciant,  talem  Te  cernere  possim  ! 
Ovid.  ii.  Ex  Pon. 
Epigramma  ad 
Leonem  Ccelestem 
Admonitio  ad  Zoilos. 
hVC  CanIs%  hVC  baVaros  pVgnaX  aCCeDe  Leones,  ) 

sIrIVs  Vt  sVVs  His  CVrrat,  aDVstVs  eat.  J  7  9 

A  marginal  note  explains  it,  'Sol  eodem  tempore,  quo  Signum 
Leonis  ingreditur,  scilicet  22  Julii  appropinquat  Caniculae.  Canini 
sive  Cynici  appellantur  Zoili  a  kwos,  canis.  An  ode  in  rhyming 
sapphic  verse  immediately  follows — 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


237 


Euphemia 

ad 

Phillippum  Mauritium 

Astra  subeuntem. 

Lemma 
Dignu  es  in  Tantis  Nomen  habere  Viris.     Ovid.  ii.  Ex  Pon. 
IgneI  saLVe  saCra  LVX  LeonIs 
(a)  MaVrItI,  neXIs  rVtILans  CoronIs  : 
per  CapVt  STELLiE  sVa  serta  tornant; 

pLaVsIbVs  ornant. 
Igne  VIrtVtIs  soCIo  nItesCIs, 
pVrpVrA  sanCtA  fLVItans  rVbesCIs 
fVLgVrat  WLtVs  nIVeo  DeCore, 

arDet  honore. 
per  pares  te  fert  socivm  choreas 
aVreas  CceLI  Vaga  per  pLateas, 
In  saCros  orbes  per  Inane  prona 

saCra  Corona. 
PRiEsVLVM,  pVLChro  trabeata  CVLtV 
tVrba,  Cognato  tIbI  prona  WLtV; 
te  phaLanX  astrIs  speCIosa  pIngIt, 

IgneqVe  fIngIt. 
STlRPlS  AVGVSTiE  proaVI  potentes, 
sVnt  aVI  MVLtA  serIe  parentes, 
parta  qVos  LaVrVs  tItVLIs  notaVIt 

fronDe  beaVIt. 
prjEsVLes  Inter  tVa  te  LoCaVIt, 
qVo  regas,  VIrtVs  soLIVM  paraVIt; 
nVnC  tIbI  LaVrVs  sIne  fIne  fLeCtet. 

sertaqVe  neCtet. 
hoC  throno  pRjEsVL  rVtILa  serenVs, 
LVCe  stIpatVs,  IVbarIsqVe  pLenVs, 

VICTOR  iETERNls   VeNERANDe   CASTRls, 

fVLgIDVs  astrIs. 
aLter  es  poLLVX  sVperas  aMore> 
frater  optato  gravis  est  honore, 
parta  tv  regnas  svper  astra  divvs / 

IsteqVe  VIVVs. 
ergo  non  teLo  fera  sors  r/gere, 
assoLet  DIVos  fera  sors  pa  Vere  ; 

HlC   PRjEEST   FRATER   BENE  NOS   REGENDo 
ISTE  FAVenDO. 

*  *  * 
* 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


<*>  Secunda  brevis  Mantuanum.     Hinc  Legio  Duce  Mauritio  Thebaea  profecta. 


*38 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


V 

irege 

!■ 


1719 


1719 


On  the  next  page,  44,  is  a  panegyric  having  this  title,  Clemens 
Augustus,  sacrum  Sidus  Ferdinandi  Bavari,  praesulis  quondam 
desideratissimi  fecundis  Paderse  nascitur  auspiciis  ex  omine  fausto  : 

feCVnDI  In  VItaM  CIneres  sVnt  sjepe.  =     17 19 

The  *  prose '  exhibits  the  bishop  as  a  kind  of  Phoenix  rising  from 
ashes,  as  successor  to  St  Liborius,  who  was  the  first  bishop  of  Pader- 
born  circa  a.d.  780,  and  concludes  with  what  here  follows — 
Vive  optatissime  Phoenix,  non  verb  inposterum  sub  Nomine 
CLeMentIs  ; 
seD 
noVe  VerIVs  LIborI 
Vive  optamus,  et  rege,  utque  sit  exoptatisimum  Regimen,  non  rege 
amplius  sub  titulo 

aVgVstI  prjesVLIs; 

seD 

CceLestIs  ferDInanDe 

Ferdinandus  Bavarus  episcopus  Paderbornensis  in  reductis  k  se 
Divi  Liborii  Sanctis  cineribus  et  reliquiis  sacer  Nepotum  suorum 
Phoenix. 

Epigraphe : 
.  .  .  prebetur  origo 
Per  Cinerem.  Claud,  de  Phomice. 

Votum  Paderae  Poeticum. 
fernanDVs  PRiEsVL,  baVaro  LVX  Magna  LeonI, 

eXIerat  terrIs  phoebVs  In  aXe  noWs  : 
Vt  LVgent  CLerVs,  popVLVs,  pLebs,  aVLa,  senatVs, 

VIrgo,  seneX,  IVVenIs,  CVrIa,  teMpLa,  sChoL>e! 
aspeXIt  noster  sfeCLI  feLICIs  horIzon 

ILICet  eCLIpses  :  teMpora  noCtIs  erant. 
LVXIt  fVnesto  stans  patrIa  MortVa  WLtV, 

VrbsqVe  DoLore  sVo,  non  nIsI,  fVnVs  erat. 
PRiEsVLE  nVDa  sVo,  fernanDI  nVDa  faVore 

reLLIgIo  sIbI  VIX  VIVere  VIsa  fVIt. 
pressa  (ft)  natat  LVOV :  non  sIC  VeLVt  ante  CorVsCo 

nIXa  peDo  :  CasVs  sVstVLIt  IstVD  atroX. 
se  se  Inter  fLeXIs  DeXtrIs,  fIXo  astra  tVetVr 

LVMIne,  sVspIrat  ;  fLetVs  IItqVe  genIs. 
VIX  graVIbVs,  qVerItVr  LaCryMans,  reCreata  perICLIs, 

VIX  CESso(b)  pVLsIs  hostIbVs  esse  I0C0. 
et  LIbertatIs  VInDeX  eXtrIngVItVr  !  atra 

gaVDIa  faLXqVe  rap  It,  tVrgIDa  fLore  rapIt  t 
VIX  CoepI  teMpLIs  CVLtVs  renoVare  VetVstos, 

VIX  arIs  CoepI  sanCtIVs  Ipsa  CoLI. 


J "" 

1719 

i  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

I  = 

1719 

>  = 

1719 

1  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

\  = 

1719 

[  = 

1719 

W  Natare  pro  trepidare,     Ovid.  6.  Fast. 

<b>  Ferdinandus  ope  episcopi  Osnabrugensis  Francisci  Wilhelmi,  Comitis  de  Wartenberg 
captam  Paderbornam  liberavit  denuo  Suecis,  et  Hassis.     Anno  1646. 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


239 


Deseret  et  PRiEsVL,  CVIVs  VIrtVte  reVIXI  ! 

soepIVs  heV  VotIs,  sIDera  sVrDa  pIIs  ! 
jEqVa  CanI  WLtIs  fernanDos  reDDIte  !  VIrtVs 

Vna  qVIbVs,  sang  Vis  si  fVIt  VnVs,  erIt. 
DIXerat  :  et  Moerens  Iteratos  CVrIA  qVestVs 

sVbIVnXIt,  sVperIs  trIstIVs  orsa  LoqVI  : 
LVDVnt  astra,  LeVes  trIbVVnt,  rapIVntqVe  faVores, 

gaVDIa  sIqVa  ferVnt,  sasVa  DoLore  fVgant. 
VerVs  sIt  prjEsVL,  patrIos  VIrtVte  tVMVLtVs 

Si   FVGAT,    tfXTERNOS   DeLeT   ET  ENSE   FEROX  ! 

fernanDVs  feCIt,  qVos  CLaDe  astr^ea  (c)  rebeLLes 

PRESSERAT  HjERETICoS,    PACIS    HlC   ARTE   LeVaT. 

eXVLtans  hassVs,  CaptAqVe  sVeCVs  In  Vrbe 

IVrabant  CVLtIs  qVaM  trVCVLenta  saCrIs  ! 
nVLLa  saLVs  VICtm,  VICtrIX  taMen  ILLa  reVIXIt, 

PRiEsVLIs  aC  tantI  saLVa  faVore  stetIt. 
atqVe  VbI  perpetVIs  satagIt  sVb  fronDIbVs  esse 

pr«sVLIs,  heV  La  Vr  VM  trVX  LIbItIna  rapIt! 
hIC  MaL£  VeL  tItan  nostro  sVrreXerat  aXe  ; 

aVt  CVrsV,  sCeLVs  est,  oCCVbVIsse  breVI. 
reDDe  saCros  PRiEsVL  VVLtVs,  eXsVrge!  preCatVr 

sVppLICIs  hoC  popVLI  VIta,  saLVsqVe  rogat. 
reDDe,  petIt,  VVLtVs,  fernanDe  resVrge,  tVoqVe 

o  CInerI  phoenIX  sVrgat,  oVetqVe  sVVs! 
fVDerat  hos  qVestVs:  pLVres  VbI  CVrIa  Versat, 

sVaVIor  est  VIsVs  reDDere  Verba  sonVs: 
eXVLta  !  sVrget  phcenIX  1  paDerjEqVe,  tIbIqVe, 

qVaMVIs  qVI  generet,  non  CInIs  eIVs  erIt. 
sanCtVs  erIt  phcenIX;  et  sanCtIor  est  CInIs,  eX  qVo 

nasCItVr:  eX  CceLo  MIttItVr  ILLe  noWs. 
LIborII  saCros(<I)  CIneres  (pro  trIste  pIACLVM) 

abstVLerat  nostrIs  Ira  sCeLesta  saCrIs. 
fernanDVs  stVDIo  VIgIL,  et  VIrtVte  reVeXIt, 

IstIs  Vt  phoenIX,  CreDo,  resVrgat,  erIt. 
haC  spe  qVIsqVe  parat  sIbI  fVsos  sIstere  qVestVs, 

qVIsqVe  sIbI  feLIX  aVgVr  aManDo  fVIt; 
hIs  sVrget  phoenIX:  DabIt  hVnC  LIborIVs  orbI, 

eXaVDIt  sVperIs  si  sVa  Vota  DeVs. 
Vt,  qV6D  honor  sanCto  CVLtVs  per  saCra  reVIXIt, 

VnICa  fernanDVs  CaVsa,  CapVtqVe  fVIt; 
sIC  DIVVs  PRiEsVL  VItaM  InstaVrabIt,  Vt  Ipse 

In  baVaro  VI Vat  sangVIne  soepe  noVVs. 


>- 


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M  Rebelles  cives  hseretici  justis  poenis,  feroque  coerciti  sub  Ferdinando  ad  perfectam 
redierunt  obedientiam,  totaque  Civitas  ad  Pacem. 

1  Miro  promittitur  ortu.    Claud,  in  Cons.  6.  Hon. 

<<*>  Direptas  ab  Halberstadiensium  Antistite,  Christiano  6acras  S.  Liborii  Reliquias 
recuperavit  Ferdinandus. 


240 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


HjeC  aMor  eXpVLso  LVCtVs  sqVaLore,  noVIsqVe 

sVCCensVs  VotIs  VatICInatVs  erat. 
LVstra  sVb  hmC  taCIto  VoLWntVr  seDVLa  CVrsV, 

VeLoCI  VoLItant  hora,  DIesqVe  fVgA. 
PROCVRRVNT  SPATlIS  (e)  jETAS  eXIVerat,   eX  qVo 

fernanDVs  prIM6  prjesVL  oVare  noWs. 
ergo  sVVs  sVrgIt  phoenIX,  CoeLoqVe  VenIre, 

ne  DVbItes10  nVMerVs  satqVe  sVperqVe  probat. 
mVI,  qVoD  fLVXIt,  DenVsqVe  noVenVs  et  annVs, 

fernanDo  baVaro  prjEsVLe,  L^tVs  IIt. 
hoCqVe  IterVM  prasVL  baVarVs,  qVoD  VertItVr,  ^eVo 

regnat.  bIs  qVInVs,  nonVs  et  annVs  erat, 
eCCVr  haVD  VoLVCrI  satVs  hIC  sVrreXerIt  aLa 

phoenIX,  si  DIVI  prjesVLIs  ILLe  rogas? 
annVerant  sVperI,  DVpLeX  Vt  sVrgeret,  artIs 

pLVs  opVs  ergo  fVIt  pLVs  fVIt  atqVe  Mora. 
sVrgVnt  ergo  DVo:  sVbItIs  prIMVsqVe  reVIsIt 

astra  fVgaX  fatIs,  hICqVe  phILIppVs  erat. 
aVgVstVs  paDerjE  pratrIs  post  fata  reVIXIt 

phcenIX ;  nVnC  et  habent  terra,  poLVsqVe  sVVM. 
qVoDqVe  seCVnDVs  erat,  terrasqVe  bearet,  ID  ahnVs 

aVgVrIo  faVsto,  bIs™  LoqVItVrqVe  sVo. 
DenVs,  Vt  et  nonVs,  LegItVr  qVo  prasVL,  It  annVs; 

annos  totq  Ve  sIMVL  VIXerat,  atqVe  pares. 
LIborI  regnet  phcenIX  tVVs,  Vt  sVb  eoDeM 

se  tVa,  se  VIrtVs,  sanCtaqVe  qV^qVe  noVent. 
VIVe  tVIs  phcenIX,  CLeMens  aVgVste,  qVIbVsqVe, 

astrIs  es  genItVs,  non  nIsI  serVs  aDI. 
aVt  VbI  IaM  trIstI  CIneres  VertentVr  In  Vrna, 

te  noWs  His  phcenIX  prjEsVLe  DIgnVs  oVet  I 

Leo  Terrestris 

cui  novum  sidus  illuxit 

Clemens  Augustus 

episcopalium  Mitrarum  luce  serenus. 

Sive 

Triumphans  in  terris  Ducum  Bavarorum 

Familia, 

Religionis  Domus,  et  Arx  munitissima. 

Adscriptio 

hIC  VICtrIX  et  fIrMa  seDet. 


J 


1719 
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=  1719 


e>  sEtaspro  Seculo.   Ovid  12.  Metam.    '  Vixi  annos  bis  centum,  nunc  tertia  vivitur  aetas.' 
<f)  Inter  electionem  Ferdinandi  Bavari,  et  modern i  praesulis,  dementis  Augusti  inter- 

cessit  Seculum.     Uterque  electus  eodem  anno  seculi  sui  i9no- 

te)  Non  caret  omine  Clexnentem  Augustum  19110  anno  aetatis  suae,  et  simul  seculi  19*° 

anno  electum  fuisse  Episc   Paderborn.      'Donaturque  Tibi,  qui  Te  produxerat  annus/ 

Claud,  in  Cons.  4  Hon. 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS.  241 

A  panegyric  fills  the  next  five  pages,  on  some  of  the  Dukes  of 
Bavaria  and  Bishops.  Towards  the  conclusion  the  Duke  Maximilian- 
Emmanuel  (the  then  reigning  Elector)  is  brought  prominently  into 
notice.  The  same  subject  is  carried  into  a  poem,  filling  nine  more 
pages,  but  without  chronograms.  At  page  64  commences — 
Panegyricus  dementis  Augusti 

Argumentum. 
prInCeps  DIs  proXIMVs  ILLe  est.  =     17 19 

Claud,  in  Cons.  Mall.  v.  226. 

Some  chronograms  occur  mingled  with  the  text,  and  are  here 
extracted ;  by  being  so  treated,  however,  they  lose  something  of  their 
meaning  and  application — 
ctadfacoos.  graVIor  nVLLas  reCIpIt  pr  VDentIa  Metas         =     1 719 

*■■■•■««■•  Autcertfe 

prInCIpIs  aVgVstA  Constat  prVDentIa  MetA;        =     17 19 
Sed  longissimfe  k  vitio,  procul  a  vitiorum  confinio. 
ide-deFtob.  MIsCetVr  DeCorI  VIrtVs  Innata;  =     1719 

*  otrt*.  com.  ged  sme  fe]^  sme  naevo. 

n*.  Credos  ex  cethere  lapsam 

Stare  Pudicitiam  ;  etc. 

At  page  73.  Qub,  inquam,  nisi  ad  Divorum  Misericordiam  semula 
accesserit. 

jEqVabIt  DIVIs  tVa  te  CLeMentIa  soLa.  =     17 19 

At  page  75.    Triumpha  !  quia 

affLVes,  et  MIrabItVr,  et  DILabItVr  Cor.  =     17 19 

Isaiah  Ix.  5. 

At  page  76. 

w  Lingua  sile,  non  est  ultra  narrabile  quidquam. 

w  sILeo:  NIL  VLtrA  LaVDIbVs  aDDI.  =     17 19 

w  Ovid  lib.  2  Ex  Pon.        ^  Claud,  in  Epithal.  Pall  v.  93. 

Notwithstanding  this  expression,  the  prose  concludes  with  a  volley 
of  flattering  ejaculations.  The  poet  then  gives  five  pages  of  hexameter 
and  pentameter  verse,  commencing  thus — 

Clementis  Augusti 
virtutum  certamen  poeticum. 
Symbolum ; 
h^eC  faCIes  anIMo  DIgnaqVe,  parqVe  fVIt.  =     17 19 

Ovid.  Lib.  2  Past  v.  758. 
CLeMens  aVgVstVs,  boII  spes  DIgna  LeonIs,  =     17 19 

prasVL  erat,  DVpLICIs  DIgnVs  honore  peDI:  etc.  etc  s=  17 19 
This  couplet  is  twice  repeated  in  the  poem. 
This  very  remarkable  book  now  draws  to  a  conclusion,  occupying 
two  pages,  which  I  here  give,  as  nearly  as  possible,  arranged  as  in  the 
original.  Observe  these  '  Logogryph  verses/  a  good  example  of  that 
curious  form  of  composition,  and  in  this  instance  they  are  likewise 
composed  in  chronogram — 

2  H 


242  BISHOP  CLEMENT  A  UGUSTUS. 

Ad 

serenissimi  et  reverendissimi  prsesulis 

CLEMENTIS  AUGUSTI 

Insignia 
Epigrammata  votiva. 

Ad 
Eundera  sub  Titulo 
LEONIS  BAVARI. 
boIe  Leo,  Leo  natew  aqVILA,  Leo  nate  Leone,  \ 

est  MVLCrre  saCras  CopIa  faCta  IVbas:  ]  '  9 

ergo  tWs  paDerje  qVI  fVLgVrat  aVreVs  VngVIs,  I 

nVnC  trXat  Magna  prosperItatIs  op  Vs.  ]  '  9 

Ad 

Eosdem  Leones, 

Utrimque  in  Insigni  positos. 

Ad 
Ulud  Ovidii  lib.  i.  Ex  Ponto,  Epist  3.  v.  57. 
Hostis  adest,  dextnt,  levique  a  parte  timcndus, 

Vicinoque  metu  tenet  utrumque  latus. 
tVtor  aDest,  DeXtrA,  L/eVAqVe  a  parte  VerenDVs^        )  _ 
VIrIbVs  egregIVs:  tVtVs  hIC  ergo  statVs.  ]  '  9 

Ad 
Duo  Retia 
Duos  inter  Leones  explicate. 
Inter  qVID  baVaros  assVrgat  retr  Leones?  I  9 

VngVIbVs  w  a  VCVpIVM  naWs  VterqVe  parat.  J  ~"     iyi9 

CoLLIgIt  ILLe  saCras,  pIetatIs  serta,  tIaras;  )  = 

hIC  LaVros,  ensIs  MVnera  Lata,  CapIt.  ]  '  9 

Ad 
Orbem  in  Medio  positum, 
Cui 
Crux  praefixa. 
CVr  CrVCe  sIgnatVs  baVarIs  InsIgnIbVs  orbIs  ) 

sVrgIt,  et  oCCLVsVs,  qVIDqVe  rotVnDVs  hIC  est?  \ 
orbI  InfIXa  geMIt  sors  LaVa  VoLVbTLIs,  eX  qVo 
ne  fVrIbVnDa  rVat9  boIa  Vetat  pIetas. 

Ad 
Pastorale  Pedum. 
tenb  peDo  IntVeor  prInCeps  optate  graVatVM? 

hos  strIngas  fasCes,  pastor,  erIsne  pater  f 
pastor  es,  Vt  popVLIs  VIrtVtVM  pasCVa  fVnDas: 
es  pater,  Vt  foVeas,  qVos  regIs,  VsqVe  sInV. 

<*>  Bavaricorum  principum  serenissima  mater  Theresia  Kunegundis,  utpote  ex  regia 
Polonorum  stirpe  pro  insigni  habet  Aqiulam. 

W  Virtutis  et  fortitudinis  aucupio.     Thcodonis  Boiorum  Patriarcha  symbolum. 


- 

1719 

}- 

1719 

}- 

1719 

}- 

1719 

BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


243 


None  per  te 


CUttd.  lib.  9. 
dtimttdSHL 


OrfcL  3.  Ex  Ptaa. 


Ad 
Episcopalem  Mitrara. 
si  MItra  (c)  soZ,  front/s  IV bar  Ingens  halC  erIt;  erro 
si  seDet  In  baVara  fronte,  nItere  soLet. 

Ad 
Nomen 
Serenissimi  Principis. 
CLeMens  aVgVstVs  SANfc  sVnt  arDVa  Verba; 

qVI  sVperat  gestIs,  VnVs  Is  eX  sVperIs. 
Sit  licet  hie  Titulus  plenis  Tibi  fmctibus  ingens  ; 
Ipsa  tatnen  Virtus  ordine  major  eris. 

Omen 

De  felicitate  Temporum 

Sub 

Auspicatissimo  Clementis  Augusti  Regimine 

aVrea  sVrr-  xi     referat    qVI     seCVLa      d"tvVs 
VIrtVs     eV-         '  beet   Vt   stata   teMpora   V- 

Mors    fera   non  Ayr}_    stygIos  Iterare  fVr-ores 
parCaqVe  non  g-  vl,et»  trIstes  soCIare   son-        ' 


1= 


}- 


}-■ 


CVM  sVperI  C- 
In     CVras     I- 


VnCtI 


SPARGERE  NEC   POT-      • 
HlC      Si       PRiESVL  ER1T> 


noVa  sCeptra  faVore  saCr- 
nVtV,        VVLtVqVe       bet-4 


sors     atro     seCVLa     f- 
CVI  stagnant  peCtora  M- 


abVnt, 


eLLe. 


}- 


A  Hud 
Ad 
Ejusdem  Principis  Immortalitatem. 


possInt       fVn-  teLas     rese-^  soR-r^c 

at  sIstent  Mo-ESTiE  LaVDIs  fVs-uare   nIt-ores' 

fLoret  perpet-v     pIetas  orn-        DeC- 
et  LaVs  assID-vo   stabIt  Dot-ata   VIg-ore* 

Monitio  ad  Zoilum 
Epigramma. 

phcebeos  partVs  DICtIs  ars  Carper e  nVLLa  est, 
natVrA  DIsCIs  Carpere,  neC  fa  Cere. 

hos  Ver6  VersVs  mqVYs  qVIs  Carpere  tentet, 
qVantVs  LaVDetVr,  si  MonVIsse  I  Wat? 


}- 

}- 

}- 
}- 


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1719 
1719 


<c>  Persis  apud  Lact.  in  Theb. 


244  BISHOP  CLEMENT  A UGUSTUS. 

VIrtVs  aVgVstI  est,  hanC  qV6D  non  VersIbVs  mqVo,    I 
ne  stVpeas,   VateM  LaVs  sVperasse  fVIt.  ]  '  9 

Qub  magis,  O  Lector^  debts  ignoscere,  si  quid 
Peccatum  est  illic,  prateritumque  tnihi, 

Officium  tictnO)  qui  reprchendat,  erit. 
{Ovid,  3.  Ex  Pan.  Epist  4.  v.  76.) 


THE  applause  to  the  youthful  Bishop  Clement  Augustus  is  con- 
tinued in  a  gratulation  by  the  Minorite  brethren  at  Miinster, 
composed  almost  entirely  in  Latin  verse,  and,  with  few  exceptions, 
in  chronogram  of  the  year  17 19.  The  British  Museum  copy  has  the 
press-mark  12301.  m.  7  (catalogued  under  Clement  Augustus,  Duke 
of  Bavaria).     The  title-page  is  as  follows — 

VOTUM  GRATULATORIUM 

in  adventu 

Serenissimi,  et  reverendissimi  Domini, 

CLEMENTIS  AUGUSTI 

Episcopi  Monasteriensis,  et  Paderbornensis,  propositi  veteris  ecclesiae 

Ottingensis,  utriusque  Bavariae,  ac  superioris  palatinatus  Ducis,  comitis 

Palatini  Rheni,  Landgravii  Leuchtenbergensis,  Burgravii  Stromber- 

gensis,  S.  R.  I.  principis,  comitis  Pyrmontani,  ac  domini  in  Borkelohe 

et  Werth,  etc.  etc. 

Domini  nostri  clementissimi 

humillime  oblaturo,  et  dicatum 

k 

Fratribus  Minoribus  S.  Francisci  conventudlibus 

Monasterii  ad  S.  Catharinam 

1719. 

Two  portraits  of  the  bishop  at  a  later  period  of  his  life  are  inserted 

in  the  volume.    The  first  is  supported  by  the  Bavarian  lion  holding  a 

sword  and  the  crozier  in  his  right  paw,  inscribed  beneath,  '  Pietate  et 

magnanimitate/  with  an  armorial  shield.      The  second  portrait  is 

copied  from  a  painting  by  Demarais,  and  engraved  by  Tardieu, 

engraver  to  the  King  of  France  in  1748. 

The  dedication  to  this  young  bishop,  aged  only  nineteen  years, 
follows  next;  it  is  contained  in  two  pages  full  of  flattery.  It  calls  him 
'Sol  novus,  sol  lucidus,  sol  amabilis,  sol  gratiosus  sub  firmamento 
Ecclesiae  Catholicae  in  Horizonte  Monasteriensi  exoriens,'  and  declares 
that  cTurres  sere  campano  applaudunt,  reboantia  tormenta  bellica 
fragore  suo  sydera  feriunt,  ignes  missiles  per  aerem  circumvolant, 
mirantur  juvenes,  applaudunt  senes,  populus  universus  congratulatur 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS.  245 

et  jubilat,  et  iugem  observantiam  erga  serenissimam  domum  Bavaricam 
contestatur ;  and  so  forth,  down  to  c  Ita  vovemus  .  .  .  humillimi 
clientes  .  .  .  Fratres  Minores,  etc.'  The  next  page  is  filled  by 
1  Logogryph  verses/  commencing  with  this  chronogram,  and  as  the 
verses  are  a  good  example  of  that  curious  form  of  composition,  I  here 
transcribe  them  also — 

VotVM  CcenobII  DIVa  CatharIn^  =     17 19 

Io  Latare!  erIt  nobIs  DVX  CLeMentLe.  =     1719 

Wprincepsm  subject**  g        voc^. 

Non  secus  ac6        dementi  m  be 

Agnus  bile  c        quamvis  quis  f  .    min 
Pastori       p"^  sibi  ferre  ingrata  videlur 

Talis  es  ind        naturi         etm0re  bidentis 
Mansuetus  t        bene  dignus  a  cli 

Art*    bile    c        novisti  dura  subire 

Candidus  app        nequit  h«c  nat        per 

Haec   te  rect    Am  fecit     nat        bid      • 
Gentisadardoremmajorafutura  videntls 

Ordine     quam     te     qua    te    pie^  sequentur 
Quam  pede  mansue     post  te  probi  fer 

Judico  feli        tua  quern  bene  cura       tuetur 

Sortis  habere  vi        si    jussa     et     j        sequ 

Ut  dux  def e  a  populum  multum         docebfe 
Ut  lux  ace  pop  nulh H      noc 

Quisquis       del        tibi  ter  grat        honQre 
Quisquis  tuo  gr        semper  laet         am 

These  logogryph  verses  are  printed  in  the  original  without  punc- 
tuation until  the  full  stop  at  the  end. 

A  full-page  engraving  represents  the  armorial  shield  of  the  bishop 
overlaid  in  the  centre  by  that  of  Bavaria ;  that  is  followed  by  a  page 
of  Latin  verses  describing  the  heraldic  devices  as  typical  of  the 
character  and  virtues  of  the  bishop,  but  they  are  not  of  sufficient 
importance  to  reproduce  here.  The  verses  are  preceded  by  this 
chronogrammatic  title — 

PRiESAGlA  aD  gentILItIa  InsIgnIa  )  _ 

CLeMentIs  aVgVstL  /"     I7'9 

This  gratulation,  entirely  in  chronogram,  next  follows — 

Mens  gratVLatorIa  orDInIs  ConVentVaLIs  =     17 19 

qVanDo  ab  InCoLIs  LongIVs  DesIDeratVs  =     17 19 


246 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


CLeMens  aVgVstVs  aLtIorI  De  stIpIte 

baVarVs,  per  DeI  gratIaM  prInCeps  et  epIsCopVs 

MonasterIensIs  et  paDerensIs  eLeCtVs,  InfVLatVs 

InfInIto  CVnCtorVM  gaVDIo 

prIMItIVo  aDItV  et  ConspeCtV 

VrbICas  patrIasqVe  seDes  ILLVMInabat. 

CLeMentIs  aVgVstI 
gLorIa  stet  DIV. 

Vernet  aVgVstVs  CVI  gratVLarI, 

GRATA   NOS  qVjEVIs   DeCeT   APPRECarI 

Dona  fortVnjE,  proCVL  esto  LessVs 

atra  cvpressvs. 

soLe  qVot  fVLgent  fVgIente  steLLs 
qVot  fVrens  tVrbant  peLagVs  proCeLLjE 
qVot  tagVs  DIVes  rhoDanVsqVe  stILLas 

jETHNA   FAVILLAS. 

qVot  rosIs  vastm  rVbra  stant  roseta 
aVt  paphI  gIgnVnt  VIoLas  VIreta, 
LILIIs  MIXtas,  qVot  In  orbe  rIVI 

iETHERE  DIVI. 

ph(ebe,  qVot  CVrsV  VoLItante  terras 
aVreo  pICtVs  raDIo  pererras, 
qVotqVe  tV  CoLLes  VoLItans  per  aVras 

LVCe  DeaVras. 

terra  qVot  fVrVas  tenet  hjeC  arenas, 
aVreVs  Ganges  nVMeratqVe  Venas, 
tot  noVas  LaVDes  sVpererogabIs, 

IVra  VIbrabIs. 

VsqVeqVo  CLIo  sVa  sIstra  tanget, 
sVaqVe  parnassI  Vaga  tVrba  CLanget 
VsqVeqVo  pVLsat  CItharA  CaMcena, 
voce  serena. 

VsqVeqVo  fLores  faCIe  DeCorA 
eX  sInV  fVnDet  LoCVpLete  fLora, 
arVa  qVAIs  pInget  VarIIs  In  orIs 

aVrea  ChLorIs. 

VsqVeqVo  tItan  VoLVCres  qVaDrIgas 
aVt  regIs  pVLChras  VarIata  bIgas 
LVna,  DeCVrrant  tIbI  L*ta  gratIs 
SjeCVLa  fatIs. 

PRiEsVL  aVgVste  tVa  faMa  CresCat, 
neC  seCVtVrIs  spatIIs  nIgresCat 
LVX  tVa,  et  faVstIs  VIgeat  perennIs 
gLorIa  pennIs. 


1719 

:  1719 

:  I719 

:  I719 

:  I719 

:  I719 

=  1719 


•=   I719 


=   1719 


=   1719 


=   I719 


=   1719 


=   I7I9 


=   I719 


=   1719 


=   1719 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS.  247 


=     1719 


=     1719 


qVA  rotas  phcebI  fVgIVnt  trIones, 
qVAqVe  LVXerVnt  nIVe^e  DIones, 
prInCIpI  faVsto  resonent  faVentes 
oMIna  gentes. 

PRJEPOTENS   PERSTET  RADIVs   NlTORlS, 

VnIVersaLIs  nItor  est  honorIs, 
tanta  LVX  nVnqVaM  VarIetVr  jeVo, 

GLORIA  NjEVo. 
******      *      *      ##**** 

Invitantur  Muses  ad  applaudendum  Dicecesi 
Monasteriensi. 

Cur  tibi  tristis  fades  Camoena  ? 
An  tibi  raptis  Catulis  Leaena 
Obviam  venit  ?  vel  imago  fortis 
Horrida  mortis  ? 

Nulla  funesti  tibi  causa  lucttis, 

Sunt  procul  flammae,  tumidique  fluctus, 

Promicat  coelum  facie  serena 

Surge  Camoena. 

Ecce  quam  blando  Mimigroda 1  vultu 
Ridet,  hostili  procul  a  tumultu, 
Quo  placet,  pergit,  veheturque  bigis 
Atque  quadrigis. 

Non  timet  Vultum  Bavari  Leonis 
Civibus  charum  simul  et  Colonis, 
Novit  Augustum  pariter  benignum 
Do  tibi  signum. 

Hoc  Leo  signat  domitor  Ferarum 
Carnibus  parcens  sibi  subditarum 
Praesulis  faustum  quoque  clamat  omen 
Nobile  nomen. 

Ergo  quid  nobis  superest  Camaena? 
Voce  nunc  Carmen  varies  amaena, 
Et  Mimigrodam 1  sociam  vocabis 
Sicque  sonabis : 

te  VotIs  aVgVste  pIIs  saLVere  IVbeMVs,  I  = 

InsIgnIs  nostrI  DVXqVe,  CapVtqVe  gregIs.  j  l'  ' 

optatVs,  DVX  DIgne,  VenIs  popVLoqVe  petItVs,  )  = 

eXpresso  Voto  SiEPk  CVpItVs  aDes.  J  7I9 

qVaLIter  aVrIfLVIs  si  phcebVs  tenDIt  ab  VnDIs,  ) 

eXorItVnqVe  noWs  soLe  VIgente  DIes.  j  'I9 

1  The  city  of  Munster,  in  Westphalia. 


248 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  A  UGUSTUS. 


oMnIa  LatItIA  eXsatVrantVr,  aVresqVe,  feraqVe 

eXVLtansqVe  poLVs  gaVDIa  rara  tenkt. 
taLIter  eXVLtant,  pLaVDVnt,  gratantVr,  oVantqVe, 

qVotqVot  De  nostrIs  VrbIbVs  esse  VIDes. 
eXoptata  DIes  pVrIs  sVbVeCta  qVaDrIgIs, 

DIgnaqVe  pVrpVreIs,  aVrIfLVIsqVe  notIs. 
qVA  tantVs  patrIa  reX  est,  PRiESESQVE  statVtVs, 

qVjE  genVIt  baVaro  pLVrIMa  Vota  DVCI. 
tV  soL  VIrtVtIs,  VIVA  qVIa  LVCe  CorVsCas, 

VnDIqVe  sVnt  raDII  CvnthIe  CeLse  tVI. 
CynthIVs  IngentI  raDIas  eXortVs  In  Vrbe, 

totVs  greX  raDIIs  pLaVDIt,  oVatqVe  tVIs. 
LVX  tVa  VVestphaLICos  ornat,  DVX  InCLyte,  traCtVs, 

ILLVstrat  terras  VIta  DeCora  tVas. 
seD  proprIjE  sInt  CorDa  TVBiE,  qVIbVs  InstrepIt  Io. 

reX,  aVthorqVe  gregIs  VIVe,  VaLeqVe  DIV. 
DVX  VBRfe  fortIs,  VIVas  aVgVste,  CohortIs, 

mVa  sVpreMa  regas,  VVestphaLa  IVra  geras. 
sVbDIta  gens,  popVLVsqVe  sVMVs,  parere  paratI, 

LeX  tVa  qVanta  IVbet,  tanta  sVbIre  LVbet 
en  IVbeas  qVoDCVnqVe  LVbet,  tVa  Verba  seqVeMVr, 

Vt  fas  est  pVeros  IVssa  sVbIre  patrIs. 


1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 
1719 


prmsVLIs  CLeMentIa  protegIt, 
IVstItIa  DIrIgIt  gentes. 


1719 


etsI  rebeLLIs  CoeCa  LICentIa 

RESlSTAT  EFFRONS,    ET   MInItANS   POLO 
OBSTET,   GlGANTiEOQVE  BELLo 
iETHEREO  CAPlTOSA   PVBES. 

repVgnet  aXI,  non  sVbIt6  soLent 

TONARE  C(ELI,   NON   DeVS  iETHERlS 

eLIDIt  ICtVs,  neC  seVerVs 
ore  VIbrat  IaCVLante  fVLgVr. 
ast  parCVs  Ir«,  fVLgVrIs  InsCIVs 
et  LentVs  Ignes  VoLVere,  VInDICes 
sVspenDIt  enses  VLtIonIs 
Lora  graVI  CohIbens  sInIstrA. 
sIC  eXpLICatA  fronte  sVaVIor 
pLebI  benIgnIs  LegIbVs  IMperat 
reX  paCIs  aVthor,  InCoLasqVe 
IngenVA  stabILIt  qVIete. 

AFFERT  SATVRNl   SiECVLA   PATRliE, 

affert  saLVteM,  soLLICItVs  sVI 
est  prInCIpatVs,  eXVLantes 
Vt  patrLe  reVoCet  VIgores. 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 


249 


ne  SjeVa  fIant  IVrgIa  pileCaVet 
VeL  eX  rebeLLI  DIssIDIo  rVant 
eXCIsa  regna,  CVrat  Instar 
soLLICItI  patrIs  atqVe  regIs. 

pVnIre  nVLLo  sVppLICIo  nefas, 
straVIsse  pLanas  CrIMInIbVs  VIas 
eXtat:  patratIs  ConnIVere 

PEiETERlTlS,    SCELERIS   FVtVrI 

est  Vena,  prjestat  :  sVppLICIo  sCeLVs 
CoerCeatVr,  ne  graVIter  sVos 
aVt  proXIMos  Lares  Veneno 
InfICIat  VItIetqVe  regna. 

haC  arte  regI  sVnt  bona  S-fcCVLA. 
InVICtVs  heros  eManVeL  pater 
baVarICas  hVCVsqVe  terras. 
IVstItIA  et  pIetate  fLeXIt. 

His  DVX  paternIs  Vtere  LegIbVs, 
aVgVste  prInCeps  DIrIge  sVbDItos, 
IVst^qVe  prjEsIs  et  benIgn£ 
effIgIes  genVIna  patrIs. 


1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


=  1719 


The  subject  of  the  next  poem  is  '  Augurium  Felicis 
Regiminis?  It  fills  more  than  one  page,  but  it  contains  no 
chronograms.  The  book  concludes  with  the  chronogrammatic  poem 
which  here  follows — 

tIbI,  CLeMens  a  VgVstE)  ) 

Debet  Vr  perennIs  gLorIa.  ] 


phcebe  CLange,  pLeCtra  tange, 
VIX  rapIna,  VIX  rVIna, 
non  tereDo,  non  pVtreDo, 
non  fVLIgo,  non  rVbIgo. 
nVLLa  Labes,  nVLLa  tabes 

est  In  IstA  gLorIA. 
tVqVe  paLLas  L^;ta  bonas 
CLeMentI  affer  Coronas, 
LaVreatIs  eX  VIretIs, 
pVrpVratIs  eX  rosetIs 
sVaVIores  Carpe  fLores 

PRO  TROPHjEIs  GLORliE. 

gratVLantVr,  appreCantVr, 
et  VbIqVe  fabVLantVr, 
non  qVIesC^j*  ferre  grates 
WestphaLI  per  hos  penates 
gratIoso,  gLorIoso, 

CLeMentIqVe  prInCIpI. 

2  I 


1719 


►=.  1719 


►=    1719 


1719 


|?T* 


*  ■ 


250 


BISHOP  CLEMENT  AUGUSTUS. 

tVa  faMa  non  nIgresCet, 
honor  iste  vix  senescet, 
In  perennI  sCVLpta  saXo, 

ABSQVe  NIGRA   LjETA  taXo, 

speCIosa,  gLorIosa 

TVA   SVNT   PRiECONlA. 

en  VIresCIt,  atqVe  CresCIt 
L/btIore  MItra  fLore, 
non  rVIna,  VIX  prVIna 
hanC  tenebIt,  non  noCebIt. 
Vt  VIgeret  et  nIteret 

sospItatVr  LaVreIs. 

perDVrabIt  LaVDe,  stabIt 
absqVe  LiEVIs,  pVra  NifcVIS 
non  pVtresCet,  VIX  senesCet 
sIne  tabs,  sIne  Labe, 

PER   QVlETA,    PACE   LiETA 

perennabIt  SjECVLa. 


►=  1719 


►=  1719 


=  1719 


-xlfilT  -       "^ 

i  J  ^y^Sy-^S^ '  :*i^pp3 

WtUh^^^^Sm-i^  fW^A  %j^mmeJ^  ^■Ml 

i*r* 

&&Mmm7x*&a 

GERMAN    BISHOPS. 

BISHOPS  OF  PADERBORN,  COLOGNE,  OLMUTZ,  AND 

FREISING. 


V 


At  page  315.  The  epitaph  in  the  Fiirstenberg  chapel  in  the 
cathedral,  on  the  tomb  of  Ferdinand  Antonius,  Baron  Fiirstenberg 
and  Canon  of  the  Chapter,  who  died  in  17 n,  commemorates  also 
his  relatives,  William  Francis  Adolphus  and  John  Adolphus,  who 


1615 


>  NSCRIPTIONS  at  Paderborn  in  Westphalia,  from  a  work  entitled 
'  Monumenta  Paderbornensia  ex  historia  .  .  .  eruta,  novis 
inscriptionibus,'  etc.  By  Ferdinand  prince-bishop  of  Pader- 
born and  Miinster.  Lemgoviae,  17 14.  40.  (British  Museum, 
press-mark  206.  a.  13. — Fuerstenberg.  F.)  This  bishop  was 
also   Baron  Fiirstenberg.     At  page  284,  inscription  in  the 

vestibule  of  the  Theodore  Academy  at  Paderborn,  in  dedication  of  the 

building  by  Bishop  Theodore,  bears  this  date — 

ANNO   EPlsCOPATVs 

sVI.  paDerbornensIs 
trIgesIMo. 
This  Bishop  Theodor  von  Fuerstenberg  was  elected  in  1585.     He 
built  ('erigit')  the  University  of  Paderborn  in  16 14,  and,  according 
to  the  chronogram,  dedicated  it  in  161 5,  the  thirtieth  year  of  his  epis- 
copacy. 

At  page  299  is  this  '  Inscriptio  curias  prseposituralis^  Paderbornse ' 
(inscription  at  the  bishop's  palace  at  Paderborn  ;  the  first  line  alludes 
to  a  device  in  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  family  of  Fiirstenberg) — 
sVnt  bona  sIgna  DoMVs  trabs  fVrstenbergICa  bIna, 
noXIa  qVm  sVbIto  non  est  L;EsVra  rVIna. 
ChrIste  faC,  haC  VaLIDa  Vt  neqVeat  VI  CVrIa  soLVI 
PRiEPOSlTl  eXpensIs  ereCta  JoannIs  aDoLphI. 
VIVIte  PRiEPOSlTl  faVstI;  sVCCeDIte  nobIs, 
sICVt  CertabVnt  aLII  sVCCeDere  VobIs. 


=s   1701 
=   1701 


=   1701 


*$z  BISHOPS  OF  FADER  BORN  AND  COLOGNE. 

-  were  also  priests,  and  buried  at  another  place,  is  dated  by  these 
lines — 
tres  .  CLerI  .  f Lores  .  e  .  prInCIpe  .  Monte  .  Creatos  1  _ 

HlNC  .  BENE  .  SVBLATOS  .  In  .  CceLIs  .  SPERO  .  RENATOS  J   "~       *  '  *  * 

QVID .  FAClANT  .  Hi .  PARViE  .  VlTiE  .  MAGNiEQVE  .  fVerVNT        ) 

SAT  .  BENE  .  VIXERVNT  .  LONGE  .  SATlS  .  ERGO  .  STERTERVNT  J   "~       l  '  *  * 

LeCtor  .  non  .  ILLos .  ast  .  fVnera  .  proprIa  .  pLora  | 

reCta  .  faC  .  hIC  .  ora  .  fors  .  haC  .  MorIerIs  .  In  .  hora.  j  ""  l'11 
i.e.  I  hope  that  the  three  flowers  of  the  clergy,  created  from  the  princely 
mount  (Fiirstenberg)  have  departed  hence  propitiously,  and  that  lifted 
up  into  heaven  t/iey  have  bun  borti  again.  What  could  they  do,  they 
have  had  enough  of  both  lowly  and  high  life;  they  lived  rightly ',  there- 
fore they  continued  here  long  enough.  O  reader  /  bewail  not  their  but 
your  own  funeral.  Do  right,  pray  here  {in  this  chapel),  perhaps  in  this 
very  hour  you  may  die. 

BISHOP  OF  COLOGNE. 

A  tract  of  four  pages  (British  Museum,  press-mark  837.  k  \  1.-73), 
a  poem  in  Latin  hexameter  verse  addressed  to 
Joseph  Clement, 
Archbishop  of  Cologne  .  .  .  Prince  and  Elector  .  .  .  Bishop  and 
Prince  of  Hildesheim,   Ratisbon,   etc.  .  .  .  Duke   of  Bavaria  .  .  . 
Count  Palatine,  etc  etc. 

In  sacra  solemnitate  Patroni  sui  S.  Josephi, 

pie  et  feliciter  natalizanti, 

Carmen. 

Et  vocavit  nomen  ejus  Joseph.     Gen.  xxx.  24. 

(Here  follow  the  verses.) 

At  the  conclusion  is  this  epigram — 

Si  laus  Pontificis  pietas,  pastoris  ovili 

Pellere  pestiferos,  voce  favente,  lupos. 
Pnesulis  hae,  Bavari  circumdant,  tempora  laurus  : 

Quidni  felici  cum  grege,  pastor  ovet  ? 
Pastor  ova  Clemens,  apto  qui  nomine  Joseph, 
Omnia  qui  renovas,  Principe  digna,  viro. 
Chronicon  anni  currentis. 
proprIIs  reDeat  pr^esVL  IosephVs  CLeMens.  =     17 13 

In  grati  animi  tesseram  vovebat  et  pangebat 
Fr.  Bonaventura  6  Donnoghue,  Minor  Hibernus, 
insufficiens  verbi  Dei  Praeco  Regius  et 
Exterorum  Director  in  urbe  Parisiensi. 
This  archbishop  is  the  same  who  is  mentioned  at  page  230  ante, 
as  the  predecessor  of  Clement  Augustus. 


BISHOPS  OF  OLMUTZ  AND  FREISING.  253 

WOLFGANG,  BISHOP  OF  OLMVTZ. 

MEDALS  to  Wolfgang,  Cardinal  Bishop  of  Olmiitz.     I  have 
mentioned  him  before,  in  Chronograms,  pp.  247,  249. 

A  medal  to  him  bears  on  the  reverse  side — 
VIta   et   aCta  VVoLfgangIDe  sChrattenbaCh   epIsCopI   aC 
CarDInaLIs.  =1721 

The  medal  is  further  inscribed  with  the  dates  of  the  various  steps 
in  his  career,  from  his  birth,  in  1680,  to  dignity  of  cardinal  in  1721. 

Another  medal  is  inscribed — 
VVoLfgangI    De    sChrattenbaCh  epIsCopI    aC    CarDInaLIs 
proteCtorIs  faVore  erga  sVos   II    qVatVor  CatheDraLIs=     1725 
eCCLesLe  prjeLatos  saCrIs  InfVLIs  DeCoraVIt.  =     1725 

Another  medal  is  thus  inscribed,  it  is  dedicated  by  the  bishop  to 
Saint  John  of  Nepomuk — 
DIVo  IoannI,  WoLfgangVs   CarDInaLIs,  pIe  Defert   sVos 

HONORES.  =1731 

sVb  IstIVs  sanCtI  patroCInIo  DoMVs  VtraqVe  stabIt.       =     1731 

Another  medal  issued  in  1730  by  the  bishop,  to  commemorate  the 
confirmation  in  1728  of  certain  indulgences  by  the  Pope;  the  dates 
are  thus  indicated — 

sVb    feLICI    gVbMo    prInCIpIs   a   sCratebaCh    antIstItIs 
oLoMVCenI  reCVsa  est.  =     1730 

LaVDetVr  IesVs  ChrIstVs  sVb  gLorIa  eterna  aMen.  =     1728 

JOHN  THEODORE,  BISHOP  OF  FREISING. 

A  rare  tract  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  folio,  pp.  50, 
printed  at  Munich,  bears  a  title  to  this  effect : — The  most  happy 
union  of  the  Lion  of  Bavaria  and  the  Bear  of  Freising,  celebrated  by 
the  muses  of  Freising  on  19th  November  1723,  when  the  most  serene 
and  reverend  Lord,  John  Theodore,1  Duke  of  Bavaria  and  the  upper 
Palatinate,  Count  Palatine  of  the  Rhine,  Landgrave  of  Leuchtenberg, 
Bishop  of  Ratisbon,  was  elected  Bishop-coadjutor  of  Freising.  The  . 
title-page,  verbatim,  is  as  follows  : — '  Leonis  Boici,  et  Ursi  Frisingensis 
unio  felicissima,  cum  coadjutor  Frisingensis,  die  19  Novembris,  An. 
mdccxxiii.  eligeretur  serenissimus  ac  reverendissimus  dominus, 
Dominus  Joannes  Theodorus  utriusque  Bavariae,  ac  super.  Palatinatus 
dux,  comes  Palatinus  Rheni,  Landgravius,  Leuchtenbergae,  episcopus 
Ratisbonensis.  Celebrata  a  musis  Frisingensibus.  Monachii,  typis 
Joannis  Luc&  StraubiL' 

1  John  Theodore  was  elected  Bishop  of  Ratisbon  on  29th  July  1719,  Bishop-coadjutor 
of  Freising  on  19th  November  1723,  Bishop  of  Liege  on  23d  January  1 744;  was  made 
Cardinal  in  1746 ;  he  died  37th  January  1763. 


254  BISHOP  OF  FREISING. 

Page  3.  Dedicatory  address  in  Latin  to  the  most  serene  prince, 
in  which  the  authors  propose  to  offer  congratulations  to  the  '  Bavarian 
Lion '  on  the  occasion  of  union  with  the  '  Freising  Bear.'  This  is 
accordingly  done  in  the  succeeding  pages  of  prose  and  poetry,  fre- 
quent allusion  being  made  to  the  Scripture  narrative  of  Samson,  and 
the  lion  in  whose  carcase  honey  was  found,  and  pointing  to  the  well- 
known  fondness  for  honey  so  natural  to  the  taste  of  the  bear ;  this 
allusion  is  intended  as  a  symbol  of  the  appropriate  union  of  the 
episcopal  functions  consequent  on  the  election  of  this  bishop.  In 
following  up  this  cause  of  gratulation  the  muses  are  supposed  to  have 
promoted  the  erection  of  triumphal  arches  with  emblematical  decora- 
tions and  inscriptions.  To  follow  the  description  of  them  would  be 
tedious.  The  praise  given  to  the  bishop  may  be  ingenious,  but  the 
language  used  is  florid,  and  the  flattery  is  more  than  any  one  in  the 
present  day  (except  perhaps  in  Germany)  would  willingly  endure. 
The  best  service  performed  by  these  triumphal  arches  is  to  bear  the 
chronogrammatic  inscriptions,  which  I  shall  proceed  to  transcribe. 

At  page  12,  in  allusion  to  the  honey,  it  is  asked,  (et  quid  urso 
charius  melle  Y    The  arch  bears  the  answer  in  gilt  letters — 

boII  LeonIs,  et  frIsIngensIs  VrsI  \ 

DeI  gratIA  v=     1723 

feLICIssIMa  VnIo.  j 

a  CoMeDente  eXIVIt  CIbVs.     (Judges  xiv.  14.)  ==     1723 

et  De  fortI  (Leone)  eXIVIt  DVLCeDo.     (Ibid.)  =     1723 

These  quotations  are  from  the  Vulgate  Version,  with  slight  varia- 
tion, where  Samson  propounds  his  riddle.  Again  it  is  asked,  at  page 
14,  what  can  be  more  delightful  than  what  is  expressed  in  this  couplet, 
which  was  borne  by  the  second  arch  prepared  by  the  Muse  Urania — 
VIrgInIs  aVspICIo  baVarVs  Leo  IVngItVr  Vrso  :  ) 

perpetVos  Maneat  neXVs  VterqVe  DIes.  J  x'23 

The  muse  Terpsichore  prepares  the  third  triumphal  arch,  inscribed 
with  these  words,  alluding  to  the  house  of  Wittelspach 1  as  being  so 
productive  of  bishops — 

r*CVnDa  epIsCoporVM  genItrIX.  =     1723 

ConraDo,  atqVe  enIChonI 

De  VVItteLspaCh  .  _ 

eCCLesLe  frIsIngana;  f"~     l'2$ 

epIsCopIs. 

hVnC  arCVM 
gratItVDInIs  et  honorIs  gratIA  }>=     1723 

ponIt  frIsInga. 

The  Muse  Thalia  undertook  the  decoration  of  the  fourth  arch, 
which  was  inscribed  with  compliments  to  other  bishops  of  the  house 
of  Wittelspach — 

1  The  Castle  of  Wittelsbach,  the  ancestral  seat  of  the  regal  house  of  Bavaria,  stands 
between  Ingoldstadt  and  Augsburg,  was  ruined  in  1209. 


I- 

!■ 


BISHOP  OF  FREISING.  255 

atLantI  MaVro  aDIVngItVr  herCVLes.  =     1723 

DIoeCesI  frIsIngensI  CoaDIVtor  VenIt  )  __ 

lOANNES  THEODORVS.  J   "~       l?23 

rVperto,  phILIppo,  et  henrICo 

eX 

CoMItIbVs  WItteLspaChIo-paLatInIs  )►  =     1723 

ContInVa  per  qVInqVagInta  seX  annos  serIe 

epIsCopIs  frIsInganIs. 

The  fifth  arch  bore  these  inscriptions,  to  the  same  effect — 

ERNESTO   BAVARliE   DVCI, 

epIsCopo  frIsIngensI, 

dein  y=   1723 

s.r.I.  eLeCtorI, 
et  arChIepIsCopo  CoLonIensI. 
VrsI  frIsIngensIs,  et  Leon  Is  boII  ) 

aD  frangenDas  h-«reses  =     1723 

fortItVDo  herCVLea.  ) 

The  narrative  now  passes  into  a  vituperation  of  Gebhard,  Arch- 
bishop of  Cologne,1  who  was  declared  guilty  of  heretical  and  scan- 
dalous conduct  in  the  matter  of  his  marriage — '  Coloniensis  ecclesise 
predo,  non  presul,  lupus  verior,  qukro  pastor  appellandus.  Sceleris 
socia  Agnes  Mansfeldia  frit/  etc.  etc     These  chronograms  follow — 

gebharDVM  CoLonIA  eXpVLIstI.  =     1723 

gebharDo  LVpo  CoLonIaM  sVbtraXIstI.  =     1723 

An  '  elegy'  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse  follows  at  page  29, 
wherein  the  Lion  and  the  Bear  are  represented  in  strong  opposition 
to  Gebhard  and  his  wife  Agnes  ;x  and  at  page  32  a  punishment  of 
their  iniquity  by  those  animals  is  hurled  at  them  in  words  taken 
from  the  Vulgate  Version  of  the  '  Wisdom  of  Solomon/  xi.  16,  18 — 
'  Pro  cogitationibus  autem  insensatis  iniquitatis  illorum  non  impos- 
sibilis  erat  Omnipotens  manus  tua  immittere  illis  multitudinem 
ursorum,  aut  audaces  leones.'  The  denunciation  of  their  conduct, 
enforced  by  allusion  to  the  same  offence  committed  by  Luther,  is 
accompanied  by  these  chronograms — 

DIspersVs  est  vsLebIVs  :2  Leones  eIeCerVnt  eVM.        =     1723 
DIspergItVr  LVther:  Leones  eIeCerVnt  eVM.  =     1723 

nVMqVID  rVgIet  Leo  In  hoC  saLtV? — Amos  iii.  4.        =     1723 
Will  a  Lion  roar  in  the  forest  when  he  hath  no  prey  f 

The  Muses  Calliope  and  Erato  are  said,  at  page  34,  to  preside 
over  the  emblematical  decorations  of  the  sixth  arch,  wherein  the 
Lion  is  prominent ;  the  first  of  the  chronograms  is  from  the  '  Song 
of  Solomon ' — 

VenI  sponse  De  CVbILIbVs  LeonVM. — Cant.  iv.  8.        =     1723 
DIrIpIet  LaterI,  VIs,  VIrgInIs,  VLLa,  LeoneM?       =     1723 

1  See  remarks  at  page  256,  infra. 

*  Luther  of  Eisleben,  the  place  where  he  was  born. 


956  BISHOP  OF  FREISING. 

A  column  bore  this  inscription,  and  Erato  speaks  an  ode 

aLberto  sIoIsMVnDo  ) 

eX  LeonIno  stIrpe  >=     1723 

epIsCopo  frIsIngensL  ) 

Another  column  was  dedicated  and  inscribed  to  Joseph-Clement, 
•  nomen  jam  astris  receptum,'  Archbishop  of  Cologne,  lately  dead — 
Iosepho  CLeMentI  \ 

eX  epIsCopo  frIsIngensI  f 

CoLonLe  AGRlpplNiE  arChIepIsCopo  I  '  3 

steLLIs  Inserto.  ) 

The  seventh  arch  was  prepared  by  the  Muse  Clio,  'magnis  labor- 
ibus  septimum  generosa  Clio  arcum  paravit'  It  was  decorated  with 
Fauns,  Satyrs,  Hamadryads,  and  Oreads,  to  do  honour  to  the  bishop ; 
the  Lion  is  still  prominent  and  supported  by  texts  from  the  Bible, 
some  of  which  are  made  into  chronograms — 

IVstVs,  sVb  paLMa,  qVasI  Leo  ConfIDens. — Prov.  xxviii.  1.  =     1723 
sIMILIs  faCtVs  es  LeonI  In  operIbVs  tVIs         1 

Ioannes  theoDore. — i  Maccabees  iii.  4.  ]  '  3 

Some  passages  are  adapted  from  the  poet  Claudian  in  further 
praise  of  the  bishop,  including  this  one  from  Statius — 

.  .  .  serenatIs  perfVsA  nVbIbVs  aVrA  I 

Metas  nestorejE  preCor  egreDIare  seneCta*.        j  ""     l'2$ 
The  Muse  Clio  concludes  the  allegory  in  praise  of  the  bishop  in 
five  pages  of  heroic  verse,  concluding  with  this  address  to  him — 
Magne  Frisingani  Comes,  atque  Adjutor  Atlantis 
Collibus  Herculeo  nostris  succede  lacerto : 
Auguriis  electe  Deftm,  qui  solius  alto 
Virginis  auspicio,  Leo  Boice,  jungeris  Urso. 
Finis. 

>  -»—  < 


GEBHARDT,  ARCHBISHOP  OF  COLOGNE. 

XHE  bishop  who  is  alluded  to  at  page  255  ante,  is  Gebhard  11., 
Truchsess  von  Waldburg,  Prince-Elector  and  Archbishop  of 
gne;  he  was  elected  in  1578.  He  married  Agnes  Mansfeldt  This 
and  other  public  acts  of  heresy  brought  him  formally  under  the  notice 
of  the  Pope,  Gregory  xm.,  who  addressed  to  the  archbishop  a  pastoral 
letter  alluding  to  rumours  which  had  reached  him,  and  remonstrating 
generally  on  his  conduct  In  my  search  for  some  information  on  this 
passage  of  history,  I  became  acquainted  with  a  very  small  book  at 
the  British  Museum  (press-mark  698.  b.  46 — Gebhardt,  Elector  and 
Archbishop  of  Cologne).  The  title  is — '  A  declaration  made  by  the 
Archbishop  of  Collen,  upon  the  deede  of  his  manage,  sent  to  the 
States  of  his  Archbishopric  With  the  letter  of  Pope  Gregorie  the  13 
against  the  celebration  of  the  same  manage  and  the  Bishops  aunswer 
thereunto.  According  to  the  coppie  imprinted  at  Collen  1583. — 
London,  printed  by  John  Woolfe.     1583.1     It  is  an  English  transla- 


GEBHARDT,  BISHOP  OF  COLOGNE.  257 

tion,  and  printed  in  black  letter.  The  Prince-bishop  declares  his 
adoption  of  the  articles  of  the  Augsburg  Confession,  and  proclaims 
to  all  persons  within. his  Archbishopric-see,  not  only  the  liberty  of 
their  conscience  ('  always  agreeing  with  the  Word  of  God '),  but  also 
the  assurance  that  they  should  not  be  grieved,  molested,  or  troubled 
by  any  governors  or  magistrates  whatsoever,  and  he  proceeds  to 
declare  freedom  in  other  matters  relating  to  their  religion.  This 
document  is  dated  16th  January  1583.  The  Pope  then  addresses  a 
strong  remonstrance  to  him.  The  archbishop  replies  at  some  length, 
defending  his  conduct,  and,  after  quoting  the  ancient  authorities,  goes 
on  to  say — '  1  am  resolved,  following  the  laws  of  the  Church  above 
mentioned,  to  leave  that  indiscreet  vow  of  the  "  Celebat,"  which  is 
not  in  my  power  to  perform,  esteeming  that  this  is  lawful  for  me,  for 
avoiding  of  a  greater  evil,  and  for  the  better  observing  and  accom- 
plishing the  vow  of  chastity  which  I  made  unto  Jesus  Christ ;  and  in 
so  doing  I  have  framed  myself  according  to  the  commandment  of 
God,  submitting  to  His  providence,  and  staying  His  protection,  not 
caring  what  evU  men  may  judge,  nor  for  the  threatenings,  dangers, 
or  any  other  thing  whatsoever,  and  having  in  memory  that  which 
Theodoras  hath  written  in  his  fourth  book,  the  tenth  chapter,  of  the 
ancient  Christians,'  etc.  The  tone  of  this  letter  is  firm  and  temperate, 
the  archbishop  asserts  his  own  freedom  of  action,  without  defying  the 
Pope,  and  exhorts  him  to  '  cast  away  from  him'  those  who  offend  in 
all  the  particulars  which  he  specifically  mentions,  to  the  end  that 
'the  Roman  Church  might  recover  her  ancient  dignity.'  No  doubt 
some  great  dissensions  and  controversies  arose  out  of  this  affair  in 
15839  the  remembrance  of  which  was  revived  140  years  after,  viz.  in 
1723,  the  occasion  of  the  foregoing  chronograms  alluding  to  Gebhardt 
and  Luther,  prompting  the  bitter  words  which  accompany  them. 

I  find  in  Didot's  Nouvdk  Biographic  Gtnkrale,  xlv.  678,  that 
Gebhardt  married  clandestinely  Agnes,  Countess  of  Mansfeldt, 
Canoness  of  Gersheim,  at  Bonn,  in  January  1582,  and  publicly 
espoused  her  on  ad  February  1583.  The  Pope  and  the  Emperor 
interfered,  and  the  States  of  Cologne  declared  that  he  should  be 
deprived  of  his  functions ;  .the  sentence  was  confirmed  by  the  court 
at  Rome,  and  he  was  excommunicated  accordingly.  Ernest  was 
nominated  to  the  archbishopric.  After  many  troubles,  and  failing  to 
engage  the  assistance  of  the  German  princes,  he  retired  to  Strasburg 
with  his  wife,  and  died  in  a  state  approaching  to  misery  on  21st  May 
1601. 

FRANCIS-ARNOLD, 
BISHOP  OF  MVNSTER  AND  PADERBORN. 

A  remarkable,  and  probably  a  very  scarce  tract,  belonging  to  my 
friend  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  printed  at  Minister  in  Westphalia 
in  17 10,  folio,  pp.  38,  bears  a  title  to  this  effect, — The  temple  of 

2  K 


258  BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 

honour  built  up  with  every  episcopal  virtue  to  the  eternal  glory  of 
Francis  Arnold,  bishop  of  Minister  and  Paderborn,  etc.  etc.,  Baron  of 
Wolf-Metternich,  by  the  college  of  the  Jesuits  at  Cosfeld,  on  the 
occasion  of  his  dedicating  the  church  of  St  Ignatius.  The  title-page 
itself  is  somewhat  complex,  and  concludes  with  four  chronograms. 
It  is  in  substance  thus — 

'TEMPLUM  HONORIS  comportata  ex  episcopali  fiindo  prin- 
cipalium  virtutum  materie  extructum,  et  aetemae  gloriae  Reverendissimi 
et  celsissimi  principis,  et  domini  Domini  Francisci  Arnoldi  episcopi 
Monasteriensis  et  Paderbornensis,  •  .  .  etc.,  Liberi  Baronis  £  Wolf- 
Metternich  in  Gracht,  domini  sui  clementissimi,  In  perenne  memoris 
animi  Monimentum  ab  Collegio  Cosfeldiensi  S.  J.  consecratum. 
Quando  Celsissimus  hie  Antistes  Templum  Ignatianum  solenni  ritu 
dedicabat;  Nempe, 

Ista  fVIt  teMpLo  gratIa  DIgna  CoLI.  as     1 710 

Die  in  quern  quadrat  iilud  :  sanCtIfICaVerItIs  DIeM.        =5     1710 
Jeremiae  xvii.  24. 
Anno  quo 
sVbsILIens  t- tu-  w-     saCrato  berCVLa1  FL-Trtf~  )         ._ 

VIrtVs      eX-eMpLo  PRiECLARO  WoLfIa  L-^11'  f-     l^° 

Monasterii  Westphaliae  :  Typis  Vidua  NageL' 

Observe  that  the  title  contains  no  date  in  figures ;  also  observe 
the  logograph  or  network  arrangement  of  the  words  of  the  last 
chronogram. 

There  is  an  engraved  portrait  of  the  bishop,  which  is  subscribed 
with  his  titles,  and  gives  the  additional  information  that  he  was  a 
prince  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  that  he  was  born  9th  May  1658, 
elected  coadjutor  of  Paderborn  15th  September  1703,  succeeded  his 
uncle  in  the  bishopric  of  Paderborn  23d  May  1704,  and  elected 
bishop  of  Munster  30th  September  1706. 

The  subject  of  the  tract  is  entirely  in  Latin.  On  the  back  of  the 
title-page  there  are  many  complimentary  expressions  to  the  bishop,  in 
the  form  of  Scriptural  allusions  to  the  Temple  of  God,  which  glide 
into  this  rhythmic  peal, — 

Poetica  Campanarum  Compulsatio,  qud 

Respublica  latina,  Gloria  Wolff-Metternichicae  studiosa 

ad  Templum  Honoris  evocatur. 

Epigramma. 
hVC  LatIVM  !  popVLoqVe  freqVens  ConCVrre  senatVs  !  1 
hVC,  aVges  sIqVIs  Castra  LatIna,  VenI!  /  "     "IO 


1  The  word  '  Bercula '  frequently  occurs.  It  is  the  Latin  form  of  Berkel,  the  name  of  a 
small  river  in  Westphalia,  which  nses  at  or  near  Cosfeld  above  mentioned,  and  mils  into 
the  river  IsseL 


}- 

}- 

}= 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 

IaM  saCrIs  CVnCtos  assIsterk  oportet  honorIs; 

saCra  Canet  pLeno  nostra  thaLIa  Choro. 
Ista  DICata  Deo  saCra  sInt,  sanCtone  rogabIs 

saCra  Canet  sanCto  nostra  thaLIa  LVpo.1 

Admonitio  ad  Zoilos,  epigramma. 
Ite  proCVL*  CynICI,  gens  Carpere  nata,  theones: 

torta  soLent  teMpLI  Lora  ferIre  Canes. 

Pages  3  to  7  are  occupied  by  '  Dedicatio  Templi  Honoris/  and 
addresses  to  his  ' Highness'  both  in  prose  and  verse ;  and  at  page  8 
these  chronogrammatic  verses  commence  (the  words  printed  in  italics 
are  so  in  the  original) — 

Vestibulum  Templi  honorarii 

sive 

Poeticus  totius  operis  ingressus. 

nrVhVsIA,  VoLVCrIs  qV*  nVnCIa  VeXerat,  aVLA 

sIC  In  berCVLeos  faMa  Canebat  agros  : 
pLaVDe  CeLer  totIs,  nVnC  berCVLa  pLaVDe,  fLVentIs: 

te  tWs  In  pLaVsVs  prasVL  abIre  IVbet. 
VTX  ea:  pVrgatas  IaM  berCVLa  sVrrIgIt  aVresj 

qVanDo  pares  resonat  VoX  Iterata  sonos  : 
pLaVDe  CeLer  totIs,  nVnC  berCVLa  pLaVDe  fLVentIs: 

te  tWs  In  pLaVsVs  piles VL  abIre  IVbet. 
PRiEsVL  abIre  IVbet?  DIC:  InqVIt  berCVLa.  DICo, 

ILLa  LoqVaX  retVLIt:  PRiEsVL  abIre  IVbet. 
CVr  hIC  abIre  IVbet?  qVa  pLaVsVs  CaVsa?  reponIt 

berCVLa,  qVo  (DoCeas)  gaVDIa  fonte  fLVVnt? 
eXVrget  Vastata  noVo  haC  CosfeLDIa  CVLtV? 
-  (QViE  nVnC  est,  prIsGe  nIL  nIsI  rVDVs  habet:) 
sVaVIter  an  rVrsVs  resonabVnt  VrbIs  In  aVres 

sVeta  sVIs  qVonDaM  VaLLa  tonare  gLobIs? 
qVIn  sVperIs  IpsIs  VIX  IVpIter  Ista  reVeLet 

(faMa  refert)  aLIo  gaVDIa  fonte  fLWnt. 
qVoD  si  (berCLa  rogat)  pLaVsVs  eXqVIrere  CaVsas 

haVD  sCIo,  tV  CaVsas  si  LIbet,  eVge  Canas. 
te  tWs  Is  WLtV  prjBsVL  presents  beabIt  : 

(faMa  ssVbIt)  IVsto  gaVDIa  fonts  fLVVnt. 
seqVe  tVIs  orIs  bIno  torrente  refVnDet 

aVLa  DVpLeX:  IVsto  gaVDIa  fonte  fLVVnt. 
Vrbs  tVa,  qVA  nItVIt,  DIVI  saCrabItVr  aDes 

IgnatII:  IVsto  ga  VDIa  fonte  fLVVnt. 


S 


259 
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}- 


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1  AUuditnr  ad  Lupum  ooelitem  et  ad  insigne  Celsissimi,  Lnpum  Metternichicnm  quid  ni 
Sanctum  ▼occmus.     1  Petri  a.  5,  etc. 

1  Cynici  sive  Cantni  ▼ocantur  Zoili  a  kw6*  Cams.  Theones  qui  omnia  carpunt.  Theon 
poeta  fait  pcttdantissimae  maledicentiae :  indc  Prov :  '  Theonino  denU  rodert' 

9  SuHre  pro  respondere.    Cicero. 


260 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 


DIXerat:  eCCe  sVos  toto  Dat  gVroIte  pLaVsVs 
bbrCVLa:  ter  CVNCTiE  sVbsILVIstIs  AQViE. 

affreMVere  hILares  per  rVra  propInqVa  NAPASjS: 
qVIsqVIs  aDest  propIor,  tVnC  qVoqVe,  fa  VnVs  oVat. 

qVIn  aDeo  sVperas,  Mons,1  qVI  ConsVrgIt  In  aVras, 
fertVr  bIs  totIs  eXILVIsse  IVgIs. 

sCILICet  hos  absens  generas  franCIsCe  trIVMphos; 

PORRO  PRiESENTl   CETERA  BERCLa  FERET. 
LiETlTliE  VIX   ILLE  SATIS  CONSEDERAT  jESTVs, 

stareqVe  VIX  pLaCIDIs  berCVLa  CcepIt  aqVIs; 
qVanDo  VentVrVs  DIgne  eXCIpIatVr  Vt  hospes, 

CresCIt  berCVLem  CongrVa  CVra  fIbr*. 
ergo  LeVes  sensVs  nVnC  hVC,  nVnC  eXerIt  ILLVC, 

et  tantVs,  qVIDqVID  CogItat,  hospes  erat. 
nVnC  hoC,  nVnC  ILLVD  IVstos  DIsqVIrIt  In  VsVs, 

CresCat  Vt  hospItIo  gLorIa  IVsta  sVo. 
CIrCensIs  sVbIIt  LVDVs  tVnC  peCtora:  LVDVs 

prInCIpIbVs  gratVs,  qVI  soLet  esse  VIrIs  : 
qVo  soLItVs  Veteres  thybrIs  reCreare  q  VIrItes, 

DVM  paX  eXVto  stabat  In  Vrbe  sago  : 
qVo  nVper  MVLtos  retVLIt  septentr/o  pLaVsVs, 

regIbVs*  Ipse  trIbVs  qVanDo  sVperbVs  erat. 
et  tVa  CIr  Censes  VenIVnt  In  peCtora  LVsVs? 

Contrahe  MoX  VotI  berCVLa  VeLa  tVI. 
naM  tIbI  CIr  Censes  qV*  pVgnet  beLLVa  LVsVs? 

saVa  sVbest  CaVeIs  beLLVa  nVLLa  tVIs. 
non  tIbI  LVnatIs  faMVLatVr  DentIbVs  VrsVs  : 

non  torVo  pVgnaX  per  fVrIt  ore  Leo. 
at  tWs  obtVLerIt  CIrCI.  tIbI  LVDICra  taVrVs: 

at  neqVeVnt  ILLIs  LVDICra  bobVs  agI. 
ergo  MoX  tantos  sVb  peCtore  VoLVere  LVsVs 

Cessa  :  VeL  CVnCtIs  nIL  nIsI  LVsVs  erIs. 
CessaVIt:  totVsqVe  fLVIt  De  peCtore  CIrCVs: 

tenDItVr  In  partVs  CVraqVe,  CorqVe  noVos. 
qVIn  potIVs  VarIo  VenIat  CoMceDIa  gestV, 

sIqVe  potest,  nobIs  aVXILIetVr,  aIt. 
eXIgVo  PRiEERAT  tVnC  aCtrIX  ILLa  theatro 

(nVLLa  fIgVra  LoCo,  poMpaqVe  nVLLa  fVIt) 
VIsItat  aCtrICeM  pernIX  tVnC  berCLa,  sVasqVe 

ConVentVs  CaVsas,  Vt  VenIt,  orsa  refert: 
PRfisVL,  aIt;  MoX  hospes  erIt:  rogo  PRiEsVLE  DIgna, 

(e  gVstV  LVsVs  eXhIbItVra)  pares. 
Ista  sVbIt  :  GeLVM  faXIt  ;  sIt  CopIa  LVsVs, 

Vt  LIbet  hVIC  taLI  perpLaCVIsse  VIro. 


i= 


}- 
}- 
}- 
>- 
}= 

}- 

}- 
}- 


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1  Mons,  qui  Cosfddiam  coronat 

1  Quando  convencrant  rex  Polonise,  Danue,  Boruise. 


BISHOP  OFMVNSTER. 


261 


at  neqVeo  IVstIs  LVsVs  eXtrVDere  sCenIs: 
non  sVnt  pro  tanto  poMpa,  sItVsqVe  VIro. 

nGstI  qVIs  nostro  WLtVsqVe,  statVsqVe  tneatro, 
et  qVA  stet  tenVIs  fabrICa  fIXa  D0M0. 

tota  rVInosIs  VIX  HiERET  MaChIna  tIgnIs  I1 
pars  hIat  ab  pLWIo  pVtrIDa  qVjeqVe  IoVe. 

HOC   PERSEPE  FEROX  LVsVs   DAT  BRVMa    THEATRO% 

qVa  tegItVr,  frIgens  eX  nIVe  VestIs,  Inest. 
LVDItIs  hoC  totIes  VentorVM  tVrba  theatro  ; 

tVrbo  Vos  qVotIes,  et  noVa  pVgna  IWat. 
hoc  qvoqve  nalades  lvservnt  sibpe  theatro ; 

VberIVs  qVotIes  nIMbVs  ab  aXe  rVIt. 
non  hoC  se  VarIo  VertVnt  prosCenIa  VVLtV, 

sCenICVs  eXILI  pegMate  CVLtVs  abest. 
eXVLat  hInC  CantVSi  proCVL  aVfVgere  Chores, 

MansIt  In  eXIgVo  gratIa  parVa  L0C0. 
LaXIVs  assIgnet  nobIs  fortVsa  theatrVM% 

et  DIgnVs  LVsVs,  post  breVe,  LVsVs  erIt. 
DIXerat  :  AVDlTiE  sVbsCrIbIt  berCVLa  CAVSiE, 

et  proCVL  eX  toto  peCtore  LVsVs  abIt. 
atqVe  aLI5  nVnC  VeLa  VoLant:  noVa  peCtore  gLIsCVnt 

Vota:  fer  aVXILIVM,  fer,  bona  paLLas  /  aIt. 
VIX  posCI  bIbVLA  se  paLLas  InaVDIIt,  aVre, 

aDVoLat  atqVe  InfIt:  CVr  tIbI  berCLa  VoCor? 
ILLe  refert:  Dea  grata  saCras  en  berCVLa  posCo 

aVXILIo  DeXtras,  aVXILIoqVe  CapVt. 
sVnt  tIbI,  sVnt  pLVres,  DoMInos  qVeIs  attrahIs,  artes  : 

et  CVpIt  IngenIo  VIVere  qVIsqVe  tVo. 
sVaVIa  DIVIno  tV  fers  epInICIa  VersV, 

si  qVIs  LaVrIgero  fort*  trIVMphet  eqVo. 
aptaqVe  tV  qVerVLIs  VLVLas  epICeDIa  LabrIs, 

qVanDo  CVI  rVptA  pVLLa  stat  Vrna  C0L0. 
pLaVDere  sCIs  beLLe,  beLLe  sCIs  pLangere  :  DoCta  es, 

trIstIa  ore  fLeas,  LatIor  ore  sones. 
tV  qVoqVe  tV  DIgnIs,  resonas  noVa  Dona,  faVores, 

aDVentVs,  abItVs,  paLLas  VbIqVe  LyrIs. 
DVM  ratIo  eXposCIt,  qVosqVIs  te  VertIs  In  VsVs, 

et  saLIt  IngenII  Vena  perenne  tVI. 
In  VersVs  (te  qV*so)  tVas  nVnC  eXere  VIres  : 

(aVferet  Iste  tWs  pr>eMIa  DIgna  Labor.) 
MaterIes  franCIsCVs  erIt,  CVI  berCVLa  serpIt, 

LVpIa  CVIqVe  sVTs,  aLphaqVe  serVIt  aqVIs. 
sCILICet  hIC  piuesVL  (DVpLeX  IVngetVr  et  aVLa) 

post  breVe  berCVLeos  VIsere  gaVDet  agros. 
tVnC  sVa,  tVnC  strVCto  sVrgent  enCjEnIa  teMpLo  ; 

CVIVs  opVs,  CVIVs  pr«stat  In  Vrbe  nItor. 


}- 


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Descriptio  Theatri  Cotfddiensis. 


a6a 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 


sCILICkt  hoC  VersVs,  et  VkrtICIs  sXIgIt  artbs; 

eXIgIt  hoC,  IVstVM,  paLLas,  honorIs  opVs. 
si  prasVL  CVr*  est,  CVRiK  est  si  berCVLa  ;  LjetI 

sXtrVe  nVnC  IVstVM  paLLas  honorIs  opVs. 
sIC 1  nIX  nVLLa  tVos  aVsIt  DrpIngere  WLtVs, 

qV*  per  hIVLCa  sChoLuE  teCta  freqVenter  aDest. 
sIC  non  Densa  tVos  eXtIngVat  fIstVLa  VIsVs, 

Infra  qV*  posItIs  fVMat  In  ore  VIrIs. 
sIC  neqVe  perrosVs  te  terrItet  VnDIqVe  tIgnVs, 

qVo  VetVs  eX  oMnI  parte  Laborat  opVs: 
te  qVoqVe,  te  pLWIVs  non  VLtra  perfLVat  aXIs, 

qVI  CoMpLVtrnsrs  hIC  faCIt  esse  sChoLas. 
te  qVoqVe  te  soLIto  prIVet  LanIena  *  tVMVLtV  : 

aVres  non  qVatIat  sVbDIta  tVrba  tVas. 
sIC  Magnos  Donent,  et  pLVres  astra  patronos, 

qVIqVe  IWent  rebVs,  qVTqVe  faVore  IWent. 
sIC  I  Wet  Ipse  tVos  prasVL  CsLsIsslMVs  aVsVs; 

totaqVe  ConatVs  ConCrepet  aVLa  tVos. 
sIC  tIbI  berCVLea  no  Fa  sVrgat  In  Vrbe  paLmstra  ; 

affLVat  EXTRVCTiR  MVLta  IWenta  sChoLa 
VIX  rVpIt  CLaVso  DIsCVrsVs  brrCVLa  Voto; 

Ista*  CanIt:  Voto,  Debeo  berCLa  tVo, 
qVa  tIbI,  qVaVe  tVo  reDDatVr  gratIa  Voto? 

Vt  CapVt,  est  LIbIto,  DeXtra  parata,  tVo. 
qVIn  VLtra  IWat  Ire  :  sVo  se  peCtore  toto 

DeVoVet  obseqVIo  serVa  MInerVa  tVo. 
eXpLICVIsse  LVbet  totas  nVnC,  berCVLa,  VIres, 

atqVe  LVbet  totas  appLICVIsse  Man  Vs. 
pilmsVL  VbI  DIVertat,  opVs,  strVXIsse  Laboro: 

eX  teMpLo  properI  sVrget  honorIs  opVs. 
sVrget  opVs:  nVnC  qVaLe  Cano;  CVI  woLpIa  VIrtVs, 

soLaqVe  MaterIes,  soLaqVe  CVLtVs  erIt. 
qVo  tItVLo  CLarebIt  opVs?  pLaCet  haVstVs  honorIs 

eX  teMpLo  :  pLaCeant  IVnCta  VetVsta  noVIs. 
sCILICet  In  teMpLIs  sIt  ConseCrator  oportet: 

hIC  reCte  In  fanIs,  prases,  honorIs  erIs. 
qVI  fLVIt  eX  teMpLIs  ConCeptVs  (berCLa  reponIt) 

InfLVXIt  berCLa*  sVaVIter  Iste  fIbrIs; 
sVrgat  honorIs  opVs  :  LongIs  qVoqVe  fLoreat  jeVIs  : 

seD,  IWat,  eXteMpLo  sVrgat  honorIs  opVs. 
sVrget  opVs,  sVrgetqVe  statIM,  tVnC  asserIt  Ista. 

DIXerat,  atqVe  abItVs  apparat  VLtro  sVos. 
bIs  MoX  brrCLa*  VaLe!  VaLe!  Vrge!  sVCCInIt,  Vrge! 

Vrge  opVs  hoC  !  abIIt  paLLas,  et  Vrget  opVs. 


}- 


r 


7IO 
7IO 
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7IO 


1  Descriptio  icholaram  Cosfeldiensinm. 

*  Laniena  sive  domns  Lanionia,  icholis  fapposita  tsL 


Et  longum,  formose,  vale  vale  inqnit  Iola,    Virgil,  EcL  iii  79. 


'  Ista,  scilicet  Pallas. 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER.  363 

Pages  12  to  34  are  filled  with  panegyrics  in  prose  addressed  to 
the  bishop,  alluding  to  his  genealogy  and  his  armorial  bearings, 
particularly  to  the  Wolf  and  to  his  title  combining  that  word ;  then 
proceeding  in  prose  and  poetry  to  represent  the  *  Temple  of  Honour' 
m  various  stages  of  its  construction,  comparing  them  to  the  virtues 
possessed  by  the  bishop  and  to  his  mental  and  physical  endowments ; 
then  passing  on  to  the  altar,  the  pavement,  and  the  tower  of  the 
allegorical  temple,  until  it  is  difficult  to  say  whether  the  structure  or 
the  bishop  is  most  honoured  by  the  comparison.  At  page  34  we 
arrive  at  what  here  follows,  viz.  the  utterances  of  Apollo  and  the  nine 
Muses  in  chronogram,  composed  as  '  logogryphs,'  or  network  arrange- 
ment of  the  words.  It  is  the  longest  composition  of  the  kind  I  have 
met  with  throughout  a  prolonged  search  into  the  subject  of  chrono- 
grams. It  first  gives  the  finishing  touch  to  the  '  temple.1  The  whole 
is  printed  thus — 

Ternpli  Honorarii 

Coronis  sive  Finis 
Epigramma 

ad 
Celsissimum 

oMne  CoronarI  prInCeps  sCIs  fIne:  Coronet  )  = 

annos  ILLa,  preCor,  ser5  Corona  tVos.  j  ' 

Itafaxit: 

qVI  Coronat  te  In  MIserICorDIa:1  Psalm  c\u  4.  =     17 10 

Deus  optimus  maximus  Principium  nostrum  et  finis. 


=     1710 


Syncharrha  Musarum 
Architects  Palladi  consummation  Fabricam  gratulantium. 

Apollo. 
paLLas  opVs  strVXIt:  VerteX  CoLophone*  reLVXIt: 

pLaVDIte  Cyrrhmm  (sIC  preCor  Ipse)  Dea 
LaXo  VeLoCes  nVnC  gVttVre  soLVIte  VoCes  :  .  _ 

sVaVIa  nVnC  UIkm  tangIte  fILa  Lyrje.  /  "     I7I° 

et  VobIs  tersVs,  peraoat  M0D0  IVbILa,  VersVs  ;  \  _ 

qVA,  LIbet,  arte  fLVat,  qVo  IWat  ore  rVat.8  J  "~     I7I° 

Dithyrambus. 
Musarum  prima. 

IGNE  TORRENTlS  FLAGRO  DlTHYR-  ^^ t  1  „„ 

ergo     VeLoCes     properare     i-AMB1  /-     «7«° 

ERGO  SE  FVNDANT  METRA  PER  CHOR-  ^  ) 

atqVe  troCh-*08-  /-     ^lo 

1  Vulgate  Version. 

*  Cohphonan  ret  addtre,  prov.  Significat  swnmam  mannm  imponere. 

*  Observe  these  Leonine  verses. 


264 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 


antIbaCChI6s        Mea        CretIC"7>soVe  ■ 
CongLobent  fratres  Labra  IonIC-  ^ 

ITE  SFOHDrf  ClT6™lBRA-CHESQVt 


I7IO 
I7IO 


PjEONES    VESTROS     PROPERATE     P- 

neMo  stbt  sane  CeLeranDo  L- 

ET  PEDES  TRlTl  PROPERATE 

aoMIne 


ASSVS, 


^VwCtL 


entheVs      nos 

ore  phcebVs  qVanDo 


rDo  i-vsslT» 


properatVs      Vt      noV- 
pLaVsVs  eXtet  k  CaMo-] 


enIs 


tecta  pallas  fabric- 
et    honorI    ConseCr- 


aVIt 


In  prjeaLtIs  VIsa  C- 
LaVreata  stat  Cor- 


onIs1 


NVNC    HON-   OA 

nVnC  DeC-0RA 

eXIoVntVr  IVbILa. 
pLaVDIte  :  perfeCtIs  CLangant  enCcenIa  teCtIs  : 
hoC  aganIppaas  orat  apoLLo  Deas.1 


1710 
1710 

►=  1710 


1710 


=  1710 


Musa  secunda. 
Insonet  aon-t1  DIgnVs  nVnC  pLaVsVs  aV-     t 
sVaVes  pIer-1a  VersVs        erVMpIte        yj™*- 
eXVLtent  CLar-tt  festIVo  CarMIne  CL-tvi 
VIVaqVe  CastaL-11  sVrgant  In  IVbILa  r-1V1' 


reCLangat  t- 


PROPERE  TER  BERCVLa-j 

sIC  Ignes  ConCIto  f- 


eX    Voto    fL-^yy    qVoD  opVs  fabra  paLLas  hon- ■    - 
atqVe  sVI  str-va1t  perrarI  pIgnVs  aM-    ia 


1710 
1710 

1710 

1710 


VTQVE  SVPERBIF-Tr,     TVRGET  SVPER  jETHERA  V- ^y  _.v  v  — 

VVoLf-MetternICh-11-0  sIC   fVLget   fabrICa   C-vlrfTV  '~     l7I° 

pLaVDIte  :  perfeCtIs  CLangant  enCcenIa  teCtIs  .  __ 

hoC  aganIppaas  orat  apoLLo  Deas.1  1  ""     l*l° 

1  Coronis  finem  cujuscunque  rei  signifies*. 

*  Observe  th*  Leonine  construction  of  these  verses. 


BISHOP  OF  MVNSTER.  265 

Musa  tertia. 
ab     aChIVo     non     Cab-  t  t    x 
qVeM  sbV  Ipso  fabra  V-     lo 

ARTE        PALLAS        EXTR-V  i  _ 

TANTA   FABR*   LaVs   fL-VEBAT  >~       I7I° 

QVANTA   PL-       t. 

fVsa         V-enIs 

ab  honorIs  fabrICa 

Musa  quarta. 

aVCta  rarIs  teCta  D-     t    2 
eXtrVebat      reX      sI-ONls : 

teCta  CeDVnt  babyLt-     To  3  .  _       ^T 

pVrpVratI    non    ner-0N1S'  f~     i7i° 

pretI-  „a 
fastV-0SA 

sIC  nItesCIt  regIa  : 
eCCe  sVperb-t  Tr     strVCtVra  nItore  tVM-    rT  ■  _ 

VIsVs       reg-1f1^°  LVXV    refraCtVs    heb-es^1t  /"     I7I° 

hIC  pVtes  aVrI  renItere  m~ontks 
aVreos    IVres    fLVItare    f-  ._ 

pVLChra  sIC  aVrI  rVtILat  Ven---  f-       7 

fabrICa  Cr-vst1s' 

ILLa  saCrIs  teCta  D-     t 
qVm  strVebat  reX  sI-ONls'  " 

totVs    orbIs    qVm   stVp-    rT  .  _ 

Dare  sVppar  qVeIsqVe  n-u1t  r-     J710 

woLfI- 

NEC   PROF-      ^ 

POSTFER   ORBlS   FABRICjE  : 

qVIppe  VIrtVs  DIgna  L-.Vlm 

V VoLFlANA,  PRiESTAT-    V  R°  '' 

PRiE  rVbInIs  IVre  T-  j 

et  pyropIs   prInCIp-  )•=     1 710 

EGO      SC-T   T 

sIC  poL-1T1 

IaCto  Dotes  PRiEsVLIs. 


1  Pallas  Graecos  in  extruendo  equo  Trojano  adjuvisse  a  Poctis  fingitur. 

1  Rex  Stents  Salomon. 

*  Nota  est  aurea  Neronis  regia. 

2  L 


266 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 


Magna  non  tr- 
fabrIGe  p- 


IstIs 


Musa  quinta, 

IaCet  In  prof- 
bene  strata  f- 


VnDo 


a  speI  fortIs  nItet  ILLa  D- 
fabrICa  M 


Vro 


1710 
1710 


ET      SPEl      D- 

CharItas  M- 


Vros 


pretIosa     r- 
tegIt  Ipsa  t- 


eCto 


et  Cor  arnoLDI  sIne  Labe,  R-  _aw 
IVIt  In-aram 


1710 
1710 


InsIDens  QV-     faCIes  hon- 

AFFORlS  T-      T°     RADlAT   DeC-      E 

ESSE  NATVRiE  MONEO   FAV-   __e 

hosCe  DeC-ores' 


1710 
1710 


EMINENT 

spLenDet  A  F- 


ICtIs 


ASAROTA      S- 

LaqVare  t- 


IgnIs 


PRiEsIDIs  pIngVnt  IbI  Magna  b- 
faCta  tab- 


eLLjB. 


1710 
1710 


TVRRlS  0RN~atTc  TENET  ASTRA   C- f   x 

aMbIt  hanC  gr-at1s  honor  Ipse  D-     1S 


ANNE   PAR  ILLI   NlTET  In   ROT- 

fabrICa  M- 


VnDo  ? 


1710 
1710 


Musa  sexta. 

hortenses  fLores,  CeLeres  aDferte  sorores  :  * 
affer  formosas  tvrba  novena  rosas. 

CoLLIge  non  aLtas  InCIso  stIpIte  CaLthas: 
pars  thyMa  Carpta  ferat,  pars  CvanosqVe  gerat. 

eXtensIs  sportIs,2  qVIDqVID  pVbesCIt  In  hortIs, 
Infer;  apIs  fLaVos  eXtrahIt  VnDe  faVos; 

In  honorIs  neMpe  s-eDe 
aC  parata  nVper  a- 
fLora  nInget  sparsILIs. 
hVC  CVM  IonqVILLIs,  VIoLas  Inferte  qVasILLIs,3 

HlC  TVLIPjEQVe  RVANT,   PiEONLfcQVB  pLVant. 


I- 

}= 


1710 
1710 
1710 

1710 
1710 


1  Conus  Summus  apex  est  in  acuminatam  figuram  desinens. 

*  Sporta  pro  corbibns. 

*  Quasiui  vel  calathi  corbes  sunt  ex  vimine  textse. 

*  Observe  these  Leonine  verses. 


BISHOP  OF  MUNSTER. 


267 


HYaCInthos  pVrpVr- 
tVberosas       aLbIC-    tes 

beLL-IDesqVe  rore       fo-ctas 


In    Cor- 


ILLa  f- 


InqVe  Z-onas  Ista 


LeCtat 


RATjE 


PR^PA- 

atqVe  G- 
spIrIt-  t  t 
prInCIp-  " 
WoLFliE  nVnC  fabrICa 

Musa  septima. 


faMa   traCtVs    per    bor- 
qVaqVe  pVLCher  sVrgIt- 

QVAQVE  PHCEB-y     ARVA 


eosj 


T- 

Vesper  h- 


ORRET 


SER- 

woLfI"    ANl 
Larga  f-     x 

bVCCInet  prasConIa, 
Musa  octava. 

WOLFliE     SVRGAT    FABRIC^    VEN-, 

nVLLa  STRVOrVRiB  noCeat  Vet- 
pLVrIbVs,  nVLLIs  teMerata  n-  vt 

fLoreat-   V1S' 


>=     1710 


►=     1710 


VSTAS 


=     1710 


Musa  nona. 

EFFERfi      PARCANT     OPERl     pROC-   t  t 

reCtor  hInC  Ignes  IAparjem  f-  ' 

hoC  tVo  noLI  terebrare  fce-d 
Dente  tere- 

Apollo. 
In  CantVs  fV&«,  CantVs  nVnC  LInqVIte  MV&*: 
non  fLVXAre  sCabrIs  Vota  preCesqVe  LabrIs. 
eX  VersV  VIVos  sVbIt6  nVnC  CLaVDIte  rIVos.2 

PONlTE  CVRRHiEiB,   PLECTRA,    CheLyNQVe,    DEiE. 


■  =     1710 


}= 
}- 


1710 
1710 


Ad  Lectoretn. 
Nan  cum  Horatio  ; 

LeCtor  LaVDet  aMetqVe;  Z.  i.  Ep.  3  ad  Mactn.  v.  35.       =     17 10 


1  Tracius  Bora.    Septentrio  Eos  pro  aurora.    Tres  ubi  Luciferos  veniens  pramiserat  Eos. 
Ovid.  L.  3.  Fast. 

*  Claudite  nunc  pueri  rivos,  sat  prata  biberunt.     Virgil,  Eel.  iii.  1 1 1. 


268  DIOCESE  OF  MA  YENCE. 

Sed  cum  Ovidio  ;  Laudatus  abunde 

Non  fastiditus,  si  tibi  lector  ero.    Z.  i.  Tristium  ekg.  6. 
Postremhm  canens,  hie  Templum  claudo. 
Jamqut  opus  exegi.    Ovid  L.  15.  Metam. 


Eggfc&^*333a 


THE  ARCHBISHOPRIC  OF  MA  YENCE. 

A  history  of  the  affairs  of  the  diocese  of  Mayence,  or  Mainz,  by 
f\  various  writers,  entitled,  'Rerum  Mogunticarum,  etc.  etc.' 
collected  by  Georgius  Christianus  Joannis,  printed  at  Fraukfurt,  1722- 
1727.  3  vols,  folio.  (British  Museum,  press-mark  9325.  h.)  The 
archbishops  of  Mayence  (Latin,  Moguntium)  were  powerful  prelates 
and  princes  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire.  Chronograms  seem  not  to 
have  flourished  in  the  diocese  with  the  same  degree  of  luxuriance  as 
in  the  neighbouring  dioceses  of  Bamberg  and  Wiirzburg.  The  work 
now  to  be  quoted  being  similar  in  character  to  the  works  by  Gropp 
already  noticed,  is  almost  bare  of  chronograms,  when  abundance 
might  have  been  expected,  and  some  other  of  the  local  histories  which 
I  have  searched  may  be  included  in.  the  same  comparison.  The 
three  thick  folio  volumes  have  yielded  only  those  which  here  follow. 

VoL  L  p.  987,  Lotharius  Franciscus,  archbishop  and  elector  of 
Mayence,  was  elected  rector  of  the  University  of  Erfurt  A  medal 
thereupon  bore  this  inscription — 

His  sVbnIXa  thoLIs  gerana  aCaDeMIa  sVrgIt,  )  - 

rVrsVs  et  InsIgnI  fonte  rIgata  VIret.  J  95 

VoL  iL  p.  994.  Archbishop  Lotharius  was  also  Bishop  of  Bam- 
berg. He  consecrated  his  nephew,  John  Philip  Francis,  as  Bishop  of 
Wiirzburg  on  9th  November  1720.  Medals  thereupon  were  inscribed 
in  hexameter  verse — 

IngentI  MagnI  patrVI  De  LVCe  afVLsIt.  =     1720 

In  ConseCratIone  nepotIs  qVarto  IDVs  noVeMbrIs  =     1720 

Ioan.     phILIp.     franC     ep.     herbIpoLens.    S.R.I.     PR.     DVX. 

PR*P.    MOG.  =       I720 

en  saCerDos  MagnVs  VnCtVs  a  patrVo  nepos.  =     1720 

Vol.  ii.  p.  905.  Archbishop  Joannes  von  Bicken  was  elected  in 
1 60 1,  and  died  in  1604.  Both  dates  are  contained  in  his  names 
introduced  into  these  verses — 

sicut  aDaM  a  bICken  bene  nomine  denotat  annum  =     1 60 1 

infulie  :  ad  exequias  nomen  ita  omen  habet. 

NAM   IOANNlS  ADAMI   A   BICKEN   NOMINA   RITE  =       1604 

SI   DIRIMAS,   OBITUS  SIGNA,   NOTASQUE  GERUNT. 


F* 


DIOCESE  OF  MAYENCE.  *        269 

Vol  ii.  p.  450.  Arobrosius  Saibaeus  was  made  suffragan  of 
Mayence — 

DoCtor  aMbrosIVs  saIb^Vs  sVffraoaneVs  fIebat.       =     1723 

At  the  convent  of  St  Clara  at  Mayence,  these  verses  were  put  up 
in  the  church  to  commemorate  the  date  and  the  names  of  the  bene- 
factors who  built  it — 

qVanDo  poLI  CLaVes  DenVs  gregorIVs  atLas,  =     1272 

et  Vasto  MIChaeL  oCtaVVs  In  orbe  gVbernat,        =     127* 

Virginis  in  Clarae  clarum  decus  extruit  sedem 

Humbert  de  Wider,  Francfurti  jure  senator 

Lilienstam  dictus,  simul  adjuvat  Elisabetha ; 

Quam  Moguntinus  Princeps  Wernerus  adornat. 

Vol.  ii.  p.  799.  The  title-page  of  a  catalogue  of  the  abbots  of 
the  Benedictine  Monastery  of  St  James,  near  Mayence,  is  thus  dated 
by  the  author's  name,  etc — 

'  Per  Joannem  Antoni,  Witlichium,  saepe  dicti  ccenobii  pro  tempore 
Priorem,  quern  conventus  nomine ' 

r.  patrI  WILheLMo  honorIs,  obserVantI,eqVe 

ergo  offerebat 

p.  Ioannes  antonI  WItLIChIVs  V    1628 

prIor  s.  IaCobI, 

anno  qVo  InaVgVratVr  ConseCratVrqVe  abbas. 

MogVntL*  eXCVDIt  antonIVs  stroheker.  =     1628 

This  is  followed,  on  page  802,  by  six  chronograms  on  the 
inauguration  of  Abbot  Wilhelm,  thus — 

Chronographia  inaugurations  R.  d.  Wilhelmi  Abbatis  S.  Jacobi. 

1. 
pr*sIDente  roMano  pontIfICe  Vrbano  VIII,  )  A  ft 

anno  eIVs  VI,  f  -     I025 

2. 

REGNANTE   D.    FERDlNANDo   II,  VICTORlOSO,  1   _       j62g 

anno  regnI  IpsIVs  X,  J 

3- 

MogVntIno  arChIpr*sVLe  et  eLeCtore  georgIo 

frI.  greIffenCLa  a  VoLrats,  }  =     1628 

anno  ILLIVs  tertIo, 

SVB  SaCRjE  VNlONlS  BVRSFELDENSlS  PRESIDE, 

r.p.  henrICo  speIChnageL,  sanCtI  }•=     1628 

PANTALEONlS   PRiESVLE, 

s- 

a  prIorI  fVnDatIone,  et  noVI  CcenobII  In 

CoLLe,  Vt  aIVnt,  speCIoso,  }  =     1623 

eXstrVCtIone,  anno  DLXXVIII, 


}- 


270  DIOCESE  OF  MAYENCE. 

6. 

gVILheLMVs  II,  abbas  sanCtI  IaCobI,  In  IpsIVs  | 

ss.  trInItatIs  profesto  eLeCtVs,  >  =     1628 

XXVIIII  oCtobrIs  InaVgVratVr.  ) 

Vol  ii.  p.  842.  At  the  monastery  of  the  Carmelites  in  Mayence, 
a  statue  of  the  Virgin  Mary  was  placed  by  Charles  Duke  of  Lorraine 
in  1689,  in  commemoration  of  the  victories  of  the  imperial  army  over 
the  French,  with  this  inscription — 

VIrgInI  MatrI  ) 

DVX  LotharIngIje  CIVItatIs  serVator  >=     1689 

PONEBAT.  ) 

The  Prior  of  the  monastery  subsequently  added  this — 

CVLtVs  MarIanI  spLenDor  =     17 12 

EST 

DVratVra  CarMeLI  gLorIa.  =     171 2 


THE  DIOCESE  AND  BISHOPS  OF 
WURZBURG. 


,  RTAUNUM  has  been  regarded  by  the  older  geographers1 
as,  according  to  Ptolemy,  the  ancient  Latin  name  of 
Wursburg,  and  Herbipolis  as  the  '  vulgar '  Latin.  The 
latter  seems  to  be  a  translation  of  the  German  name 
into  that  language.  Wirceburgum,  another  Latin 
name,  has  probably  its  origin  also  in  the  '  vulgar '  Latin.  Franconia 
Orientalis  is  the  Latin  form  of  Franconia,  the  territory  in  which  the 
city  lies ;  and  Eoo-franconia  has  the  same  meaning.  These  names 
occur  often  in  this  present  chapter.  There  is,  however,  another 
claimant  for  the  name  Artaunum,  or  Artaunon  ;  the  ancient  Roman 
fortress  in  the  Taunus  Mountains,  a  few  miles  from  Homburg  in 
Hesse,  known  as  the  Saalberg,  has  been  identified  to  the  satisfaction 
of  some  German  antiquaries  with  the  place  mentioned  by  Ptolemy  ; 
it  may  be  that  the  two  places  bore  the  same  or  a  similar  name.  I 
have  before  remarked  that  a  search  for  chronogram  inscriptions  in 
public  places  and  churches  at  Wiirzburg  is  disappointing,  and  it  is 
remarkable  that  the  place  having  been  very  productive  of  printed 
books  containing  a  superabundance  of  chronograms,  so  few  should 
now  be  visible  there.  It  is  possible  that  the  restorer  and  destroyer 
have  been  at  work,  and  that  chronograms  have  met  with  the  common 
fate  of  being  '  improved  away/ 

A  history  of  the  diocese  of  Wiirzburg  is  contained  in  two  thick 

1  See  Ortelius,  edition  1578. 


272  BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 

folio  volumes  in  my  possession,  consisting  together  of  about  1817 
pages,  by  Ignatius  Gropp,  of  the  order  of  St  Benedict,  Prior  in  the 
monastery  of  St  Stephen  at  Wurzburg,  professor  and  librarian,  and 
priest  of  the  Scotch  church  of  St  James.  Very  many  chronograms 
are  therein,  which  I  shall  proceed  to  extract,  together  with  such  por- 
tions of  the  narrative  as  may  be  needful  for  their  elucidation.  The 
work  is  replete  with  interesting  and  curious  historical  narrative,  both 
sacred  and  secular,  such  as  the  lives  of  the  bishops  who  had  the  rank 
of  princes  of  the  Roman  empire  and  dukes  of  Franconia,  and  had 
supreme  jurisdiction  within  their  own  territory ;  the  other  clerical 
dignitaries,  the  public  institutions  of  the  city,  churches,  monuments, 
epitaphs,  shrines  in  the  diocese,  and  the  miracles  said  to  have  been 
wrought  at  them,  copies  of  documents,  liturgies  in  use  in  the  diocese, 
forms  of  blessing  the  crops  and  of  exorcism,  legendary  matters  in 
verse,  essays  on  morals,  faith,  and  doctrine,  the  cause  of  the  Swedish- 
German  war  (the  Thirty  Years'  War),  notices  of  civil  and  local  history, 
and  chronicles  of  events,  plague,  pestilence,  and  famine,  storms,  tem- 
pests, and  floods,  genealogies  and  memoirs  of  emperors,  princes,  and 
prelates,  and,  what  most  concerns  my  purpose,  a  harvest  of  chrono- 
grams. This  is  but  an  imperfect  outline  of  the  contents  of  these 
volumes.  The  whole  is  in  Latin.  There  are  many  good  engravings 
of  buildings,  and  of  the  coins  and  medals  struck  by  the  bishops,  and 
a  fine  engraved  frontispiece  to  the  second  volume.  The  work  is 
compiled  in  honour  of  the  one  thousandth  anniversary  year  of  the 
bishopric.  The  title-page  commences,  Collectio  novissima  scrip- 
torum  et  rerum  Wirceburgensium  a  saeculo  XVI,  XVII,  et  XVIII, 
hactenus  gestarum,  pro  coronanda  decies-saecularia  aetate  episcopatus 
Wirceburgensis  adornata,  etc.  (the  principal  contents  are  mentioned). 
Opera  et  studio  P.  Ignatii  Gropp,  Ord.  S.  Bened.,  etc.  Printed  at 
Frankfort,  1741.1 

Volume  I. 
Page  56.  The  studies  at  the  city  of  Wiirzbuig  were  revived  by 
Bishop  Frederick  at  the  date  thus  given — 

pLaVDIte  Vos  IVVenes  eXtrVCta  est  a  frIDerICo  1  6 

herbIpoLI  rVrsVs  pRiEsVLE  faVsta  sChoLa.  j  ""     x5 

Page  107.  A  chapter  is  devoted  to  a  notice  of  the  '  ancient  burials 
of  the  hearts  of  some  bishops  of  Wiirzburg  in  the  church  of  the  monas- 
tery of  Ebrach,'  a  town  in  the  diocese.    The  heart  of  bishop  Julius, 

1  There  is  a  copy  of  the  work  in  the  British  Museum. 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG.  273 

who  died  in  161 7,  was  buried  there,  and  subsequently  removed  to  the 
university  church,  where  it  was  entombed  in  a  handsome  cenotaph, 
described  at  page  621,  with  an  inscription  commencing  'cor  julii,' 
and  concluding — 

HONORATfe  hIC  reConDItVM.  =     1707 

Page  143.  Many  persons  of  distinction  were  buried  at  Ebrach. 
The  following  chronograms  were  among  the  epitaphs : — A  pious  bene- 
factress, Matilda  Teuffel  (the  name  is  put  in  the  feminine  form, 
'  Teufelin/  literally  she-devil),  was  buried  19th  August  1330.  That 
date  was  thus  given 1 — 

LVX  profesta  fVIt  bernarDo,  DesII  Vt  esse,  )  = 

regIo  ebraCensI  tanta  patron  a  L0C0.  J  x^3 

The  death  of  her  son  Conrad,  on  the  23d  May  of  the  year  1348, 
was  thus  given — 

VIgIntI  et  trInos  Vernantes  protVLIt  aXes  )  =  « 

soL,  CaDo  ConraDVs,  spIrItVs  astrjE  sVbIt.  J  34 

The  remains  of  Matilda  were  removed  in  the  year  expressed  by 
her  name-  MeChtILDIs.  =     1652 

The  abbot  Peter,  on  27th  February,  caused  this  removal  when 
restoring  the  buildings  destroyed  by  war,  and  this  chronogram,  4  com- 
plectens  diem,  mensem  et  annum  translations,  et  nomen  reverendissimi 
domini  translatoris,'  commemorates  the  event — 

terqVe  noVeM  febrVVs  CLaros  ConspeXerat  ortVs,        )  =       - 
prjEsVLe  sVb  petro  transLatIo  faCta  sepVLChrI.  J  * 

An  engraving  on  page  142  represents  the  original  slab  of  their 
tomb  exhibiting  their  effigies,  and  an  inscription,  but  no  chronograms  ; 
doubtless  they  were  made  at  a  later  period 

Page  352.  The  history  of  the  assassination  of  Bishop  Melchior  in 
1562,  by  one  Krezerus,  who  was  burnt  for  the  crime.  This  couplet 
gives  the  date — 

CreCerI  en!  CIneres,  non  CorpVs;  tVrpIVs  IsthVC        )  _        6 
Vt  frVeretVr  hVMo,  teXIt  In  Igne  rogVs.  J  5 

Page  420.  The  Franciscan  monastery  at  Wiirzburg,  founded  in 
1246  (Quadraginta  annis  et  sex  post  mille,  ducentos),  was  restored  by 
Bishop  Julius  in  the  year — 

fVnDItVs  aC  proprIo  DVX,  nI  Vrat  are  refVLCIt        )  _      A 
CeLebrIorI  IVLIVs  praConIo.  J  ""     I0°4 

Page  428.  Bishop  Julius  died  on  13th  September  16 17,  at  three  in 
the  morning,  *  Annum  mensem  et  diem  ejusdem  obitus  poeta  binis 
versibus  chronicis  annotavit ' — 

soLIbVs  ILLVCet  VICenIs  VIrgInIs  astrVM,  I  , 

IVLIVs  Vt  prInCeps  VItjE  sVa  fata  resoLVIt.  J  ' 

Pages  504-510.  The  church  of  the  Apostles  was  built  by  Bishop 
Julius,  and  dedicated  by  him  in  159 1.     A  descriptive  poem,  entitled, 

1  See  also  page  284  infra,  concerning  the  devil  and  his  mother. 
2  M 


274 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 


'  Encaenistica  poeinatia,'  terminates  with  these  chronograms,  giving 
the  date  according  to  certain  modes  of  computation  not  completely 
explained — 

Disticha  chronologica 
ab  orbe  condito. 
parthenIaM  aCCepIt  teLLVs  wIrtzbVrgICVs  aLMa 
PRiEsVL  apostoLICVM  DVM  beat  ^De  ChorVM.1 
Ab  urbe  condita. 
seXta  septeMbreIs  soL  LVCe  pr^IVIt  Vt  IDVs, 
obtVLIt  herbIpoLIs  regIa  fana  Deo.2 
Ab  ortu  D.  Virginis. 
ChrIstIparjE  InnoCVos  LVX  VIrgInIs  InCIpIt  ortVs 
qVje  beat  eChterI  fana  stVpenDa  DVCIs.3 
A  nativitate  Christi. 
^Va  gens  LVCe  CoLVnt  ChrIstI  nataLe  parentis, 
aDes  VVIrtzbVrgI  fIt  noVa  saCra  Deo. 

Diem,  mensem,  annum  consecrationis,  Patronos 
et  Fundatorem  novi  templi  Killianei  continens. 

BlS   SENOS   PATRES   ORNABAT  JVLIVs   iEDE, 

annWs  Vt  Magna:  VIrgInIs  ortVs  erat. 

Volume  II. 
Page  76.  Bishop  Julius4  rebuilt  the  church  of  the  miraculous 
Virgin  (Templum  b.v.m.  Thaumaturgae)  at  Dittelbach,  which  was  con- 
secrated with  great  solemnity  in  16 13.  Hither  came  often  kings  and 
princes,  hither  came  the  bishops  of  Wiirzburg,  hither  came  the  faithful 
of  every  age,  and  a  multitude  of  both  sexes  came  seeking  her  benign 
help.  When,  in  consequence  of  the  length  of  the  journey,  or  from 
other  causes,  people  were  prevented  from  coming,  they  made  valuable 
presents  to  the  church.  A  splendid  altar,  with  an  image  of  the  mira- 
culous virgin  made  of  silver,  was  given  to  the  church  by  Prince  John 
Philip  of  Greiffenclau,  bishop  of  Wiirzburg.  The  accompanying  fac- 
simile of  the  engraving  represents  the  throne,  and  the  chronograms 
above  and  below  it  give  the  date — 

Ioannes  phILIppVs  DeI  gratIa  epIsCopVs  herbIpoLensIs,  J 
e   LIberIs  baronIbVs  a  greyffenCLaV    s.r.I.    prInCeps,  >  = 

FRANCIiE  ORlENTALIS   DVX.  j 

eX  pVro  argento  trIbVIt  sIne  Labe  parentI  I  __ 

hVnC  VIrtVte  thronVM,  stet  sIne  nVbe  Deo.  /  ~" 

i.e.  John  Philips  by  the  grace  of  God  bishop  of  Wiirzburg^  of  the  family 
of  free  barons  of  Greiffenclau,  prince  of  the  holy  Roman  empire^  and 
Duke  ofFranconia,  gave  this  throne  of  pure  silver  to  the  parent  without 


}- 

6790 

}- 

2343 

}- 

1606 

}- 

1591 

}- 

159* 

1701 
1701 


1  This  date  from  the  creation  of  the  world  seems  not  to  agree  with  any  authority,  Jewish 
or  otherwise. 

3  This  date  from  the  building  of  Rome  nearly  agrees,  thus  753+1591=2344. 

*  This  date  from  the  birth  otthe  Virgin  Mary  is  based  on  tradition,  which  assigns  to  her 
about  16  B.C.     Here  the  age  of  15  is  assumed,  thus  15  + 1591=1606. 

4  See  Chronograms,  p.  474. 


I 

j 


keUberhmivnByir 


)agr*tfenCLa¥.S.n.I 


fX  rtfro  qjymtotrffl/lt  jlnehaheyarend 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG.  275 

stain  (of  sin)  in  excellence  y  may  it  remain  cloudless  before  God,     (This 
gift  is  again  alluded  to  at  page  613  of  the  history.) 

Page  91.  The  church  of  Lautenbach  was  restored  in  the  year  of 
the  accession  of  the  emperor  Leopold  1.,  which  was  thus  indicated  in 
the  inscription  placed  there — 

Anno  quo 
LeopoLDVs  I.  fIt  IMperator  ab  aLto.  =     1658 

The  inscription  tells  that  the  restoration  was  effected  through  the 
munificence  of  two  brothers  who  died — 

Anno  quo 
Mors  hosCe  fratres  DIssoLVIt.  =     1657 

Page  128.     Saint  Bilhildis  was  an  abbess  some  time  in  the  seventh 
century.     She  was  of  a  Franconian  family.     Her  relics  were  brought 
to  the  church  of  Hochem.    The  year  of  her  birth  is  thus  expressed  in 
verse — 
bILhILDIs  nata,  IngenVo  qVoqVe  sangVIne  grata.  =       625 

And  the  removal  of  her  relics  to  their  native  place  is  dated  by  this 
verse — 
HiEC,  qVos  DIMIsIt,  pIa  nVnC  patrIota  reVIsIt.  =     1722 

Page  1 88.     In  a  chapter  devoted  to  the  progress  of  the  University 
of  Wiirzburg,  a  jubilee  to  commemorate  the  foundation  is  thus  dated 
in  an  inscription — 
appLaVDe  :  IVbILjeVM  est  VnIVersItatIs  herbIpoLensIs.    =     1682 

And  the  following  appeared  over  what  was  called  the  '  golden 
gate  '— 

IVbILa  fert  annVs;  DIVIn^e  paLLaDIs  iEDES  )  =       6g 

VIsere  fas  nobIs;  aVrea  porta  PATET.  J 

And  a  medal  thus  marked  the  year  of  the  jubilee — 
abIt    annVs    CentesIMVs    fVnDam;    VnIVersItatIs    herbI- 
poLensIs.  =     1682 

Page  199.  An  educational  institution,  called  'Gymnasium 
Miinnerstadiense,'  at  Wiirzburg,  was  opened  in  1685  ;  the  first  comme- 
moration jubilee  there  was  held  in  1735,  when  these  chronograms 
were  made,  '  in  perennem  ejusdem  jubilaris  anni  memoriam  inter  alia, 
sequentia  distich  a  chronographica  ediderunt ' — 
orbI  qVo  affLICto  ConCessIt  IVbILa  CLeMens  1 

papa,  Vt  paX  fLorens  effera  beLLa  fVget;  J  '" 


IVbILa  fert  annVs,  reDIens  fert  IVbILa  prInCeps  ;         )  = 
Iste  ergo  nobIs  optIMVs  annVs  erIt.  J 

In  addition  to  the  date  of  the  jubilee,  1735,  the  first  distich  alludes 
to  the  peace  which  followed  the  war  on  the  Rhine,  between  the 
emperor  and  the  king  of  France ;  the  second  alludes  to  the  return  of 
Prince  Charles  to  Vienna  after  his  visit  to  Wiirzburg,  the  three  events 
occurring  in  the  same  year. 

Page  215.  Johannes  Godefrides  of  Aschausen,  Duke  of  Franconia, 
the  sixty-second  bishop  of  Bamberg  and  Wiirzburg,  from  i6i7to  1622. 


1735 


276 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 


}- 


l622 
l622 

l622 


He  is  described  as  a  man  of  austere  habits,  observing  the  most  severe 
rule  of  life  to  insure  the  practice  of  every  moral  and  religious  duty ; 
some  of  the  particulars  are  very  curious.  He  reigned  at  Bamberg 
thirteen  years,  and  at  Wurzburg  five  years.  He  died  at  the  age  of  47, 
in  the  year  thus  given  in  his  epitaph — 

goDefrIDVs  VerVs  D.  g.  epIsCopVs.  = 

Another  inscription  to  his  memory  is  thus  dated — 

goDefrIDVs  DVX  franConL*.  = 

And  another  is  dated  thus — 
pranobILIs  franConLe  aVLa  pIo  affeCtV  aC  serIo 

geMItV  aCCInebat. 
Another  inscription,  alluding  to  the  place  of  his  birth,  Aschausen, 
concludes  with  these  words — 

obiit, 

e  comitiis  Germanise  Ratisbona 

abiit, 

in  coelum  ut  speramus ; 

sIDerI  pVrIssIMo  sVo  asChaVsIa  trIstIs.  =     1622 

Page  228.    An  elegy  relating  to  his  good  deeds  commences  thus — 
Godefridus  specialissimus  Societatis  Jesu  Benefactor. 
Vt  fVnDatorI  sVo  Vere  benefICo  patres  baMbergenses,    =     1622 
Magno  DVCI  et  faVtorI  wVrtzbVrgenses,  =     1622 

AVGVsTiE  aCaDeMI^e  sVje  restaVratorI  trebet*,  as     1622 

patrono  Magno,  qVaqVa  patet,  DeVota  IesV  soCIetas,       =     1622 
qVarto  kaLenDas  IanVarIas  MortVo  LVgebant.  =     1622 

After  some  allusion  to  the  college  at  Bamberg  founded  by  him, 
the  elegy  proceeds  thus — 

Lemma  Chronologicum. 
I. 
Ioannes  goDefrIDVs  ab   asChaVsen   babenbergensIs  et  ) 
wVrtzbVrgensIs     epIsCopVs     In     ConVentV     pVbLICo  >  = 
ratIsbonensI  e  VIVIs  eXCessIt.  j 

II. 
Ioannes  goDefrIDVs  DIgnVs  VIta  perennI  prInCeps  obIt.= 
Lemma  Eteologicum. 
I. 
obIIt  pater  patrIjB  VICesIMo  nono  DIe  XbrIs.  = 

II. 

sVrgere  bIs  bIno  IanI  parat  ante  kaLenDas  )  _ 

phosphoros,  Vt  PATRliE  soL  goDefrIDVs  obIt.       J  "" 
Page  231.    Some  memorial  verses  conclude  by  stating  in  chrono- 
gram that  he  died  on  the  festival  of  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury  (the 
29th  December) — 

Iohannes  gotfrIDVs  festo  s.  thoMje  CantVarIensIs  e  VIta 
abIIt.  =     1622 

Page  281.    Philippus  Adolphus  of  Ehrenberg  was  the  sixty-third 


1622 

1622 

1622 
1622 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG.  277 

bishop  of  Wiirzburg,  from  1623  to  1631 ;  the  year,  month,  and  day  of 
his  election  was  marked  by  the  following  '  chronophaenomenon  ' — 

febrVa  prjehebat  tItan,  et  aDoLphVs  ab  ehrenberg      )  =       fi 
herbIpoLItan^  IVs  DItIonIs  aDIt.  c  —     l     3 

phILIppVs  aDoLphVs  ab  ehrenberg  WIrCebVrgensIs 
epIsCopVs  et  franConLe  DVX  seXto  febrVarII  eLeCtVs. 

Page  298.     Franciscus  von  Hatzfeld  was  the  sixty-fourth  bishop, 
from  1631  to  1642.     His  election  is  thus  dated — 
franCIsCVs  ab  hatzfeLDt  sIt  DeI  gratIa  epIsCopVs 


}- 


1623 


}=     1631 


1622 


wVrtzIbVrgensIs  et  franCI^e  orIentaLIs  prInCeps. 

Page  303.  Jodocus  Wagenhauber  was  made  suffragan  bishop  of 
Wiirzburg ;  he  was  celebrated  for  his  learning.  He  appears  in  the 
historical  page  as  a  *  bright  star,'  *  Annum  mensem,  diemque,  quo  per 
inaugurationem  episcopalem  ceu  Mystica  Stella  suo  splendore  primum 
Franconico  solo  radiare  coepit,  applaudentes  sequenti  chronodisticho 
animadvertebant ;' 

Vt  bIs  septeno  oCtobres  soL  ante  CaLenDas 
fVLserat,  en  fVLges  steLLa,  IoDoCe,  noVa. 

goDefrIDVs  DVX  franConLe  =     1622 

I0D0CVM  WagenhaVber  tIara  ornabat.  =     1622 

The  narrative  says  that  he  was  admitted  to  the  cathedral  chapter 
in  1618  ;  and  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  suffragan  in  1620,  and  con- 
secrated to  the  episcopate  by  bishop  Johannes  Godefridus,  '  propriis 
manibus,'  on  18th  September  1622. 

Page  457.  The  accession  of  Leopold  1.  to  the  throne  of  Germany 
was  thus  marked,  '  cum  jucundo  versu,  hie  opportune  repetendum, 
quod  tale  est,' 

LeopoLD Vs  soL  IMperII  =     1658 

Es  Leopolde  Leo,  sed  nomine ;  si  tamen  et  re 
Vis  esse,  esto  malis ;  Agnus  at  esto  bonis. 

Page  515.  Petrus  Philippus  was  the  sixty-seventh  bishop,  from 
1675  to  1683.  There  are  some  fine  engravings  of  his  coins  and 
medals.  One  of  the  latter  bears  this  inscription  and  device ;  it  marks 
the  university  jubilee — 

abIt    annVs    CentesIMVs    fVnDat^    VnIVersItatIs    herbI- 
poLensIs,  =     1682 

SUB  bina  triade  gloriosior. 

In  the  centre  a  hand  holds  by  a  ribbon  two  shields,  each  bearing 
three  devices,  the  first  being  three  rings  for  bishop  Julius,  the  second 
three  hearts  for  bishop  Peter.  The  university  was  founded  by  bishop 
Julius  in  1582. 

Page  537.  Joannes  Godefridus  of  Guttenberg  was  the  sixty-ninth 
bishop,  from  1684  to  1698.  On  the  decease  of  bishop  Conrad  in 
1684,  he  was  elected  as  bishop  while  only  in  deacon's  orders.  His 
election  was  confirmed  by  Pope  Innocent  xi.  in  1686,  and  he  was 


278  BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 

consecrated  to  the  episcopacy  on  the  day  of  St  Thomas  of  England  ' 
(i.e.  of  Canterbury)  the  29th  December  of  that  year.     The  date  is 
thus  given — 

qVo  saCra  CVrrebat  LVX  thoMa  prasVLIs  angLI  )  =       ,«, 

ConseCrata  rosa  est  nobILIs  herbIpoLI.  J 

The  word  rosa  in  italics  alludes  to  the  rose,  his  armorial  device. 

Page  547.  Here  begins  a  collection  of  epitaphs  of  bishops  and 
persons  of  distinction,  occupying  about  sixty  pages  :  many  of  them  are 
dated  by  chronogram.  At  page  558,  the  eulogistic  epitaph  of  Chris- 
topher Francis  von  Rosenbach,  dean  of  Wiirzburg,  is  thus  dated 
(observe  the  play  on  his  territorial  name) — 

sparserat  In  terrIs  rarjE  VIrtVtIs  oDoreM  )  =       6g 

nVnC   VlRET  iETHEREO   NOBILIS  AXE   ROSA.  J  ' 

Abi  viator  et  bene  precare,  ut 
rosa  bonI  oDorIs  In  tVMVLo  qVIetIs  I  ,« 

sVaVIter  reqVIesCat.  /  ""     I05' 

Page  567.  John  Sebastian  Schenck  was  a  canon  of  Wiirzburg.  He 
died  in  1649.  *  Brother  Werner  caused  an  altar  to  be  erected  in  the 
cathedral  to  his  memory,  with  an  inscription,  In  honorem  Dei 
Omnipotentis,'  etc.,  and  concluding  with — 

MoestVs  ID  aLtare  CVrabat.  =     1661 

Page  573.  Vitus  Theodoricus  von  Erthal  was  a  canon  of  Wiirz- 
burg.    He  died  in  1686.     His  epitaph  thus  concludes — 

VaDe  VIator  Mea  VestIgIa  parI  LVCtV  InseqVerIs.      =*     1686 

Page  602.  In  the  parish  church  of  Everdorff  the  epitaph  of  an 
illustrious  lady,  Joanna  Margaret  Stadion,  is  thus  dated,  and  her  age, 
65,  is  also  mentioned — 

Lenta  morte  extinguretur  anno 
qVo  pIe  DefVnCta  LIb.  baronIssa  Ioanna  Marg.         1  6 

seXagInta  qVInqVe  VItjE  &Vm  annos  attIgIsset.        J  ~"        W 
The  epitaph  of  another  lady  in  a  church  at  Wiirzburg,  who  died 
on  31st  August  1679,  thus  concludes — 

aVtVMno  heV!  fatIs  fLos  est  DeCerptVs  InIqVIs.       =     1679 

Page  607.    John   Philip  von  Grieffenclau l  was  the  seventieth 
bishop  of  Wiirzburg,  from  1699  to  17 19.     The  year  of  his  election — 
Ioannes   phILIppVs  baro  a  greIffenCLaV  In  VoLraths  ) 
DeI     gratIa    epIsCopVs     et     prInCeps     herbIpoLensIs,  >=     1699 

FRANCIiE   ORlENTALls   DVX.  j 

The  gift  of  the  silver  image  by  this  bishop,  already  mentioned  at 
page  274  ante,  is  alluded  to  again  at  page  612  of  the  history.  And  at 
page  623,  the  erection  by  the  bishop  of  another  sacred  image  is 
mentioned,  which,  from  pious  motives,  in  the  time  when  war  was 

1  See  Chronograms,  p.  475. 


}- 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG.  279 

carried  into  the  country  for  safety,  to  the  great  distress  of  the  people. 
This  inscription  was  attached  to  it — 

protege  prInCIpeM  aC  sVbDItos  =     1708 

et  Da  nobIs  tranqVILLa  paCIs  teMpora.  =     1708 

Page  629-631.  A  long  '  Elogium  Sepulchrale '  commemorates  the 
death  of  Bishop  John  Philip.  He  died  in  the  year  and  on  the  day 
marked  by  these  concluding  chronograms — 

Anno  aetatis  sexagesimo  septimo, 
Die,  quo  Ecclesia  invenit  S.  Stephanum, 
Ne  felicem  dubitaremus  mortis  excessum, 
Quia  pius  athleta  a  Divo  Stephano  invitatus  ad  coronam, 
cum  Psalte  cecinit ; 
CorDe  et  hVMILes  spIrItV  saLVabIt.1     Psal.  xxxiii.  19.     =     17 19 
eXVLtabo  et  L^btabor  In  MIserICorDIa.1    Psal.  xxx.  8.    =     1719 
Abi  nunc  viator 
pIo  prInCIpI  bene  preCare;  * 
reqVIesCat  In  sanCta  paCe,  J>=     17 19 

et  respIret  In  ConsortIo  sanCtorVM. 

Page  649.  The  public  lamentations  of  Franconia  on  the  death  of 
the  German  Emperor,  Joseph  1.,  were  commemorated  with  the  assist- 
ance of  Bishop  John  Philip,  by  the  erection,  in  the  cathedral  of 
Wurzburg,  of  a  great  funereal  structure  called  'Theatrum  Doloris,' 
which  was  loaded  with  emblematical  ornament  and  inscriptions. 
Among  the  latter  was  the  following,  arranged  in  short  irregular  lines, 
but  which  I  transcribe  in  a  form  more  convenient  for  the  reading  of 
the  chronograms — 

IosephVs  I.  \ 

eX  LeopoLDo  I.  fILIVs  I.  >  =     171 1 

aVgVstVs  natVs  ante  aVgVstVM,  j 

an.  mdclxxviii. 
IVLH  CesarIs  Mense,  LeonIs  sIDere,  =     1711 

genItrICe  eLeonora  In  Magn^e  aqVIL<e  nIDo  patrIo,  =     1711 
sCeptIgera  IstrI  DoMIna  et  CapIte  VIenna.  =     1711 

Leo  eX  Leone,  aqVILa  eX  aqVILA,  aCCresCens  eX  Magno 
IosephVs  a  IoVe  aVstrIaCo,  aLta  progenies.  =     171 1 

Ita  nVLLa  fVtVra  eXIMIa  prjeLVDente,  In  partV  IngentI, 
natVra,  qVeVnt  esse  parVa.  =     1711 

eXCeLsas  CVnas  parIa  seCVta  eXCeperVnt  oMIna;   fasCI/e 
In  fasCes  transIre;  prjeteXta  In  pVrpVras.  =     1711 

DeCennIs  InsIgnItVs  pannonLe  et  BOHEMIiE  Corona.       =     17  u 

AN.   MDCLXXXVIII. 

aD   qVaM    IVs   habVIt   a  sangVIne,   sVffragIa  a  VIrtVte, 

Vna  In  aVrea  soLIa  nata,  soLa  In  aVreIs  soLIIs  trabeata.=     171  i 


1  Quotations  from  the  Vulgate  Version  of  the  Psalms. 


i8o 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 


DVoDennIs,    fVsIs    DIV    totIVs    orbIs    eXoptatVs    VotIs 

aVgVsTA   ELECTVS  =       17 1 1 

per  ConCorDIa  approbantIs  IMperII  sVffracIa,  =     1711 

reX  roManVs 
In  IanVarIo 
an.  mdcxc.  }•  =     i7h 

aVreas  CLaVes  obtInVIt  regnanDI  orbIs  VsVs  In  terrIs 
a  patrIs  obItV, 

aDeo  VIVenDI  fInes  sVpergressVs,  non  annIs,  seD  CoronIs 
eXpLeVIt  et  breVI  spatIo  In  se  Ipso  IngentIa  regna,  et 
Integras  gentes  fInIVIt.  =     1711 

sVrrogatVs  aD  soLIVM  In  paternI  VenIt  beLLI  IntestInI, 
et  eXternI  sjeVos  fVrores,  nIgrosqVe  tVrbInes.  =     1711 

qVoD  prIVs  MILes  gessIt  teVtonIjE  tropileIs  atqVe  eXWIIs 
InsIgnIs;  CiESAR  reXIt,  =     171 1 

gLorIosas  aqVILas  VbIVIs  CIrCVMtVLIt,  ItaLIa  Vrbes 
ferro  reCepIt  an  reCLVsIt?  tVrIho  agonIzantI  sVppetIas 
prjEstItIt;  =     1711 

Certo  DoCVMento  aVstrIa  =     171 1 

In  soCIos  fIDeM  CVra  esse,  In  hostes  sortIs  assortIjE  non 

ABESSE.  =1711 

neapoLIM  VenIt,  VIDIt,  VICIt.  IberIa  regIones  sVbIVgaVIt; 

bataVIs  sIgnIs  affInes  agros  oVans  peragraVIt.  =     17 11 

gaLLIas      pro      paCIfera     oLIVa      sVppLICes      speCtaVIt; 

VngarIa^I  eXpVgnaVIt,  IVgVLata  rebeLLIonIs  bestIa.       =     171 1 

CVpIs  pLVra!  herCVLes  fVIt; 

.nIsI  sVperat. 

hVIVs  bInas  In 

1°.  1°. 

CoLVMnas  Venerans,  InsCrIbes; 

pLVs  VLtra. 

erro  non  pLVs  VLtra, 

sta  LeCtor  et 

IntVere  saCro  sILentIo  VeL  trIstI  In  Vrna        >.=     171 1 

repentInas  CiESARls  VMbras  ;  effarI  CogerIs; 

aVgVstVs  IosephVs  erat. 

The  description  of  the  '  Theatrum  Doloris '  is  continued  through 
five  more  pages,  with  two  or  three  unimportant  chronograms,  conclud- 
ing with  this  ( Epinicium  Chronodistichum ' — 
aVgVstVs  tantVM  InCreVIt  IosephVs,  Vt  Ipsa  \ 

post  seX  sIDVs  oVans  tangeret  astra  poLI.  j  I7" 

Page  660.  The  Emperor  Joseph  was  succeeded  by  his  brother 
Charles  vi.  in  17 12.  The  event  was  celebrated  at  Wiirzburg  by 
grand  illuminations,  exhibited  at  the  command  of  John  Philip,  the 


This  chronogram  makes  1716.    It  is  thus  in  the  original,  but  probably  an  error. 


BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG.  281 

prince-bishop,  on  13th  January  17 12.  Triumphal  arches  and  other 
decorations,  adorned  with  pictures  and  statuary,  were  put  up,  all 
having  appropriate  mottoes  in  words  taken  from  the  Bible  and' 
several  of  the  ancient  classical  authors.  A  description  of  the  pictures 
would  be  tedious,  and  the  inscriptions,  when  taken  alone,  are  some- 
what pointless ;  but  as  the  latter  were  chosen  to  give  out  a  modern 
date  chronogramraatically,  they  become  noteworthy  and  curious. 
They  are  as  follows — 

sIC  DVCIs  Vrget  aMor.    Claudian,  de  bell.  Get.  v.  405.  =     17 12 

CVM  gaVDIo  faCIant.     Hebrews  xiii.  17.  =1712 

DrDVCIs  et  reDVCIs.    Wisdom  xvi.  13.  =1712 

Magno  teLLVs  perCVssa  trIDentI.    Virgil,  Georg.  1.  13.       =     171 2 
CVI  gLorIa  LaVDeM.     Virgil,  ii.  Mn.  528  (sic).  =     171 2 

LVCeM  Densa  Inter  nVbILa.     Virgil,  i.  Georg.  444.  =     17 12 

generatIo  reCtorVM  beneDICetVr.    Psalm  iii.  2  (sic).  =     17 12 

CInCtVM  assIDVe.     Virgil,  JEn.  iv.  248.  =     17 12 

CIrCVMData  VarIetate.    Psalm  xliv.  10.  =1712 

Vt  aCIes  CastrorVM  orDInata.    Canticles  vi.  9.  =1712 

CaroLo  IMperatorI  a  Deo  eXaLtato.  =     17 12 

aCCIpIt  Vna  DoMVs.     Claudian  in  Ruff.  L  194.  5=1712 

taLIs  est  DILeCtVs  MeVs.    Canticles  v.  16.  =1712 

aDMIrabILIs,  ConsILIarIVs  fortIs.     Isaiah  ix.  6.  =1712 

In  CatheDra  sapIentIssIMVs  prInCeps, 
Ipse  est  Inter   tres.     2  Sam.  xxiii.  8.  =1712 

MVLtIpLICanDVs.  =     171 2 

Page  664.  John  Philip  Francis  of  Schonborn  was  the  seventy-first 
bishop,  from  17 19  to  1724.  A  memoir  of  his  life  mentions  his  muni- 
ficent acts,  and  concludes  with  this  sentence,  '  Sublevandae  pauperum 
miseriae  intentus,  pro  infirmis  militibus  curandis  multa  florenorum 
millia  (florins)  proprio  ex  aerario  expendit,'  in  the  year  thus  indicated — 

MagnVs  saCerDos  VnCtVs  a  patrVo  nepos.  =     1720 

He  is  described  as  (Princeps  magnarum  virtutum,  magnse 
sapientise,  magni  animL'  His  reign  was  short  He  died,  according 
to  the  concluding  words  of  his  epitaph — 

DeCIMa  oCtaVa  InfaVstI  aVgVstL  =     1724 

Ioannes  phILIppVs  franCIsCVs  D.  g.  epIsCopVs  et  DVX )  _ 
artaVnLe  reqVIesCat,  et  LVX  perpetVa  LVCeat  IpsI.  j  "~     I'2* 

Chronograms  appear  on  the  obverse  of  two  of  his  medals  as  bishop 
of  Wiirzburg  and  head  of  the  college  at  Mayence — 
Ioannes   phILIp.    franC.  ep.  herbIpoLen.  s.  r.  I.  pr.   fr.   or. 
DVX.  prapo.  Mog.  =1720 

Page  706.  Fridericus  Carolus  von  Schonborn  was  the  seventy- 
third  bishop  from  1729.  He  seems  to  have  resigned  the  office  of 
vice-chancellor,  and  again  resumed  it.  Some  one  made  this  epigram 
thereon — 

CaroLe,  qVIs  CaroLI  te  GesarIs  eXtVLIt  aVLa?.  )  _ 

nonne  fLagrans  patrLe  peCtore  soLVs  aMor?  /  ""     f'35 

2N     . 


1729 


282  BISHOPS  OF  WURZBURG. 

mgrm  Vt  sVbVenIas,  seXCentos  spernIs  honores,  \  _     I7^- 

Vere  patrIa  aMans  DICerIs  esse  pater*  J  735 

Several  sets  of  eulogistic  verses  were  addressed  to  him,  in  which  a 
few  chronograms x  are  mingled,  such  as — 

nVnqVID  eLeVabIs  In  nebVLa  VoCeM  !    Job  xxxviiL  34.       =     1728 
prIMa  nVLLI  VIrtVte  seCVnDVs.  =     1728 

et  a  seDVCtorIbVs  tVtaVIt  ILLVM.    Wisdom  x.  12.  =     1728 

CVIVs  partICIpatIo  eIVs  In  IDIpsVM.    Psalm  cxxi.  3.  =     1728 

tVnC    aCCeptabIs    saCrIfICIVM    IVstItIa,    obLatIones    et 
hoLoCaVsta.     Psalm  I.  21.  =     1728 

Votum  Chronologicum. 
CaroLe  LongInqVos  In  annos  sIDera  tenDe  per  annos;  )  _  g 

sano,  qVo  patrWs,  tV  peDe  perge  nepos.  J  ' 

Vive! 

^Eternum  vive 

Friderice  Carole 

tV  CVr*  reqVIes,  tV  MeDICIna  VenIs  =     1729 

CaroLe  franConL*  prInCeps  CeLsIssIMe  VIVe,  )  _. 

et  fLVe  In  artaVnIs*  fons  speCIose  pLagIs.  J 

Ovid.  1.  3.  Ex  Pon. 
The  reader  may  infer  from  these  two  chronograms  that  the  bishop 
was  still  in  the  land  of  the  living  when  the  writer  of  the  chronicle 
reached  this  portion  of  his  literary  work. 

Page  793.  A  funeral  panegyric  on  Prince  Wenceslaus  Lobkowitz, 
who  died  at  Wurzburg  at  the  early  age  of  sixteen,  ends  with  this 
chronogram — 

qVasI  fLos   egreDItVr,  et    ConterItVr,    et    fVgIt   VeLVt 
VMbra.    Job  xiv.  2.  =     1739 

Page  793.  The  epitaphs  of  the  cathedral  dignitaries  are  given ; 
some  are  dated  by  chronograms,  thus — 

CoMpLeVIt   DIes   sVos  In  bono  et  annos  VItjE  totIVs  In 
gLorIa.  =     1727 

DeVs  jEterno  sanCtorVM  Vere  Coronat.  =     17 15 

A  canon  named  Philippus  Ludovicus  k  Rosenbach  has  this  in 
allusion  to  his  name — 
ARlDiE    CVM    rIVo    rosa    eLoreant    et   saLIant    In    VItA 

iETERNA.  =       1720 

Another  epitaph  concludes — 'Cui  vivere  Christus  erat  et  mori 
lucrum,  eidem  vitam  animse  donet  sempiternam. 

o  hoMo  ...  a  ChrIsto,  DIsCe  ab  eo  bene  VIVere.' 
(The  chronogram  makes  17 13;  probably  a  word  is  missing  where 
the  dots,  as  in  the  original  print,  occur.     The  inscription  contains 
the  date  17 14.) 

1  The  quotations  are  taken  from  the  Vulgate  Version  of  the  Bible. 
9  Artaunum,  the  ancient  Latin  name  of  Wurzburg. 


WURZBURG.  283 

Another — 
sVbsIste,  Lege,  CorDe  tene  MortaLIs  VIator.  =     17 13 

Another.     Anno   1727,  10  Septembris  horlt   10  vesperti  obIIt 
pIetate  et  annIs  pLenVs  IgnatIVs  theobaLDVs  hartMannVs 
A.  reInaCh,  eta     The  concluding  words  are,  hoc  desiderium=     1727 
animae  ut  tribuat  ei  Dominus  DVo  pater  et  aVe  oreMVs,  Vt 
reqVIesCat  In  paCe.  =     1727 

Another,  to  the  memory  of  two  brothers — Nunquid  rara  est  haec 
fratrum  concordia?  hoc  precor,  non  raram  illis  precare  requiem. 
hanC  preCatVr  pIIs  fraternIs  ManIbVs  In  VIta  et  fVnere 
DeVotVs.     Frater  uterque  superstes  Casimirus  et  Ferdinandus=     1636 
de  Sickengen. 

Another  epitaph  commences — Sta  viator,  da  molles  lachrymas 
duro  lapidi  Hartmanni  Friderici  k  Fegenbach  ...  qui  natus  est  anno 
qVo  hartMannVs  k  rosenbaCh  prInCeps  eoo-franCICVs 
eLeCtVs  est  ;l  and  further  on  it  proceeds  thus — 

Ad  sacerdotium  et  capitulum  adornatus 
qVanDo  eVropjE  terras  beLLa  CreMabant,  =     17 10 

AC  IaM  REDIVIVa  PATrIjE  PACE,  ss      i  7 14 

23  Maii  denatus. 
Requiescat  in  pace.    Cui  viator  precare,  Amen. 

Another  begins  and  ends  thus — 
Sub  hoc    lapide    quiescunt  cineres    Jodoci   Bernardi;    sIt    eI    a 
DoMInI  benIgnItate  reqVIes,  et  LVX  perpetVa  LVCeat  eI.  =     1 738 
Another  epitaph  ends  thus — 

Siste  gradum  viator 
Die,  requiescat  in  pace  precator. 
Ista  LeX  est  VnIVersaLIs,  hoDIe  MIhI,  Cras  tIbI.      =     1728 
IgItVr  VIgILate,  oMnIbVs  DICo  VIgILate.  =     1728 

Page  816.  The  death  of  Lotharius  Franciscus,  Archbishop  of 
Mayence,  is  commemorated  in  three  pages  of  elegiac  verses,  com- 
mencing with  this  chronogram — 

LotharIVs  franCIsCVs 
MogVntInensIs  arChI-et-papebergbnsIs  epIsCopVs,     1  = 

prInCeps  eLeCtor  obIt.  J  '  9 

Page  823.  The  epitaphs  and  memorials  of  noble  and  renowned 
persons  in  the  eighteenth  century  collected  from  various  churches,  are 
given  in  a  separate  chapter.     The  following  chronograms  occur : — 

At  Dalberg,  Anselm  Francis  Wolffgang,  Baron  of  Dalberg,  died  in 
the  year  thus  given  in  the  Leonine  verse — 

Mors  Certa,  seD  hora  InCerta.  =     1701 

VnICa  LVX  MatrIs,  soL,  fLos  e  peCtore  patrIs,  \  = 

IngenWsqVe  taCet,  fLorILegVsqVe  IaCet.  J  ' 

1  This  chronogram  is  defective,  it  makes  1572 ;  according  to  the  figures  in  the  inscrip- 
tion he  was  born  13th  April  1673. 


284  WURZBURG. 

LI  LI  a  CreVerVnt  DaLbergICa,  neXa  steterVnt  \ 

baLthea,  CrVX  DonIs  CLarVIt  atra  bonIs.  ]         l'°l 

LILIa  MarCesCVnt,  heV  baLthea  neXa  tabesCVnt,  (  _ 

InstrVIt  Ignotas  CrVX  speCIosa  rotas  <  l' 

sVb  graVe  post  fVnVs  prjEstat  pro  fcenere  MVnVs,         I 

LVX  erepta  soLo  gaVDet  Inesse  poLo.  J  7° 

At  Fechenbach,  the  lady  Maria  Salome  de  Gebfattel  died  in  1 708, 
she  is  described  as  the  flower  of  all  virtues — 

VaDe  et  LapsjE  FLoRiE  pIe  reMInIsCere.  '=     1708 

At  Hatzfeld,  there  is  a  memorial  to  the  Count  Hatzfeld-Rosen- 
berg,  who  recast  a  cracked  bell  in  the  year 
gLorIa   aC   honorI   ChrIstIparjE,  neCnon  VeneratIonI  ) 
ss.  IoannIs  nepoMVCenI  et  CaroLI  epIsCopI  j         l'22 

hoc  aes  campanum  ruptura  fissum  refundi  fecit 
anno 
qVo 

STlRPlS  HAZFELDIaNO-ROSENBERGIGe  HiERES  U       1 722 

VLtIMVs  obIIt, 

ET 

CoMItatVs  reLICtVs  abs  IVrgIo  LInea 


V 


ACCESSlT  TRAChENBERGICjE.  ( 


1722 

oMnes  gentes  VenIent  et  aDorabVnt 


entes  VenIent  et  aDorabVnt  )  _ 

In  ConspeCtV  tVo.  f  "     I7" 

Apoc.  xv.  4. 

At  Stauffenberg,  a  Latin  inscription  to  the  family  of  Schenck  is 
followed  by  one  in  German  with  these  chronograms — 
hIer  rVhet  aVf  erDen  Was  sterbLIChes  IM  Leben,  etc.  =     1723 
so  Last  Vns  Dero  VnsterbLIChe  tVgent  zVM  eInzIgen  trost 

HOFFEN.  =s       1723 

Another  epitaph  at  Wiirzburg — 

I  VIator  et  pIe  DefVnCto  reqVIeM  preCare.  =     17 19 

Another  epitaph  commences — 

Orbe  numerante  Saecula  oCtoDeCIM,  =     1701 

and  concludes — preCare  eI  a  Deo  paCeM.  =     1701 

Another  epitaph,  in  hexameter  verse,  concludes  thus — 

k*C  aMor  aDsCrIbI  natI  patrIs  optat  honorI.  =  1705 
There  are  no  more  chronograms  in  these  interesting  volumes. 
Not  the  least  remarkable  feature  in  the  work  are  the  copious  indexes ; 
they  direct  the  reader's  attention  to  a  great  many  curious  circum- 
stances, and  are  a  pattern  for  any  one  having  to  make  that  highly 
important  appendage  to  a  book. 

+ 

Note  on  c  the  Devil  and  his  Mother! 

THE  serio-jocose  narrative  at  a  preceding  page  (273)  is  further 
elucidated  in  another  work  by  Gropp  (the  author  of  the  two 
volumes  we  have  had  under  our  notice),  a  copy  whereof  is  in  the  British 


WURZBURG  AND  EB ORACH.  385 

Museum  (press-mark  200.  a.  17.  40.)  The  title-page  is,  Monumenta 
sepulchralia  ecclesiae  Ebracensis,  Imprimis  Cordium  episcoporum 
Wirceburgensium.  Deinde  Gertrudis  Augustae,  et  ejusdem  filii  Fri- 
derici  ducis  Suevorum;  Irenes  item  Augustae  et  aliorum  quorundam 
nobilium,  Figuris  aeneis  illustrate  Accedunt  alia  quaedam  monumenta 
historica.  Colligit  et  edidit  P.  Ignatius  Gropp,  Ord.  S.  Ben.  ad.  S. 
Stephanum  Wirceburgi  Professus  et  Bibliothecarius.  Wirceburgi, 
1730. 

The  work  is  principally  an  account  of  the  sepulchral  monuments 
in  the  church  of  the  monastery  of  Eborach  in  Franconia.  At  page  40 
is  mentioned  the  burial  there,  of  the  heart  of  Bishop  Julius,  and 
the  subsequent  removal  and  second  entombment  of  it,  at  Wiirzburg 
already  noticed.  Among  the  burials  of  members  of  noble  and 
distinguished  families  at  the  monastery  at  Eborach,  we  find  at  page 
81  that  of  a  benefactor,  'Nobilis  Conradus  Teufel  cum  matre;  the 
narrative  goes  on  to  say,  Among  the  many  benefactors  of  the 
monastery  whose  remains  the  church  has  received,  are  those  of  not 
the  least  of  the  Wiirzburg  nobles,  named  'the  Devil*  ('die  Teuffel 
dicti');  this  singular  name  is  treated  quite  seriously;  these  members  of 
the  family  of  the  Wiirzburg  Devils  ('Diabolorum  Herbipolensium ') 
repose  under  a  handsome  monument,  an  engraving  of  which  exhibits 
them  in  full  proportions  of  life-size  in  the  costume  of  their  period ; 
'  they  both  lie  buried  here '  ('die  Teuffel  und  sein  Mutter ')  Conrad  and 
Matilda,  they  are  described  as  good  and  benevolent  people,  and  he 
was  one  of  the  poor  brethren  of  the  monastery.  The  fame  of  this 
monument  was  widely  spread  through  the  surrounding  country,  and 
crowds  of  people  were  attracted  to  come  and  see  where  the  Devil  was 
buried  in  a  church.  One  of  the  abbots  of  Eborach  made  some  verses 
and  chronograms  about  them,  which  our  author  here  '  opportunely' 
repeats. 

Lector  ad  Atutorem. 

Qui  prima  Ebraci  Claustri  monumenta  recenses, 
Quaeque  mihi  nullo  tempore  nota  refers, 

Die,  ut  quid  mortem  Daemon  cum  Matre  subiisse, 
Dicitur  Ebraci,  cur  tumulatus  ibi? 

Auctor  ad  Lectorem. 
Sic  est,  fama  tuas  olim  percussit  ut  aures. 
Noveris  ut  causam,  Naenia  facta  lege. 

Noma. 

Piissimae  ac  devotissiraae  in  Christo  matronae  et  benfactricis  mona- 
sterii  Ebracensis  meritissimae  Mechtildis  dictae  Veuffirttn  de  Herbipoli, 
quae  post  plurima  collata  beneficia  cum  filio  suo  Conrado  Fratre 
Converso  hujus  monasterii  ante  sacristiae  ostium  seperliri  voluit  et 
obtinuit,  ilia  anno  mcccxxx.  die  xix.  Augusti,  hie  vero  mcccxlviii.  die 
xxiil  Mail 

Then  follow  the  chronograms  already  given  at  a  former  page  (273), 


286  WURZBURG  AND  EBORACH. 

and  then  some  complimentary  verses  concerning  these  renowned 
persons  ending  with  this  couplet — 

Ergo  sub  hoc  tumulo  pauper  requiescit  humatus 
DAEMON  (non  Stygius)  cum  genitrice  su£. 
The  monastery  having  been  desolated  during  a  war,  was  restored 
'even  beyond  its  pristine  splendour*  by  Peter  the  forty-first  abbot ; 
the  bones  of  the  '  Devil  and  his  mother'  were  exhumed,  and  deposited 
in  wooden  chests  at  the  high  altar  of  the  Virgin,  on  27th  February 
1652,  as  alluded  to  in  the  last  of  the  chronograms  concerning  them 
at  page  273  ante.  Eborach  is  not  mentioned  in  the  ordinary  guide- 
books (Murray  or  Baedeker),  but  in  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  viii. 
83,  it  appears  that  Eborach,  Ebrach,  Eberaw,  Eborau, — Latin, 
Eboracum,  Ebracum, — is  a  Cistercian  monastery  in  Franconia  in  the 
vicinity  of  Bamberg. 

••• 

THE  Wiirzburg  Chronicle,  '  Wiirzburgische  Chronicle,'  also  by 
Ignatius  Gropp,  Wiirzburg,  1748-50.  2  vols,  folio.  In  volume  ii. 
P-  337i  relating  to  the  history  of  John  Philip,  the  seventieth  bishop, 
there  are  some  verses  in  German  on  some  great  injury  in  1658  by 
lightning  to  the  Rath-haus,  which  was  afterwards  rebuilt  by  the 
council.  This  chronogram,  said  to  have  been  inscribed  on  the  dome 
of  the  tower,  precedes  the  verses — 

HiEC   QViE   FORTfe,   LEGES,   PRfiSTANS   ConCePTA   SENATVs  )   =  gg 

sCrIbere  CVrabat,  posterItatIs  aMans.  J  ~*     I5 

Page  535.  A  festival  was  held  at  Wiirzburg  on  the  birth  of  a 
prince  Archduke  of  Austria ;  this  chronogram  appeared  among  the 
public  decorations  of  the  town — 

aLMa  proLe  fVnDastI  VaCVos  penates;  =     17 16 

neo-nate  arChIDVX  reCreas  orbeM.  =     17 16 

This  prince  was  Leopold,  the  son  of  Charles  vi. ;  he  lived  only  a 
few  months.  At  another  place  in  this  volume  I  have  transcribed 
numerous  chronograms  composed  in  honour  of  this  infant 

Page  629.  Anselm  Francis  was  the  seventy-fourth  Bishop  of 
Wiirzburg ;  he  is  thus  greeted  on  his  election — 

Io  VIVat  anseLMVs  franCIsCVs  ) 

orIentaLIs  franCL*  prInCeps  aC  epIsCopVs  >=     1746 

VRBls   ET  TOTlVs   PATRIAE  PATER.  ) 


P^^T 


CHRISTOPHER  FRANCIS,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG. 
A    rare  tract  belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  pp.  8.  folio, 
J-\^    contains  a  congratulation  to  Christopher  Francis,1  of  the  noble 
family  of  Hutten,  who  was  elected  Bishop  of  Wiirzburg  in  1725.    The 

1  The  reader  is  referred  to  my  former  book  on  Chronograms  for  notices  of  other  similar 
congratulations,  particularly  that  one  at  page  478  addressed  to  the  same  bishop. 


CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG.  287 

subject  is  treated,  firstly,  in  a  series  of  eight  poetical  stanzas  in  Latin, 
with  German  versions  printed  side  by  side,  the  first  of  which  is  pre- 
ceded by  a  'programma'  in  chronogram,  and  then  each  stanza  in 
succession  is  preceded  by  a  chronogram  which  is  an  anagram  on  the 
'  programma,'  and  is  also  the  theme  of  the  verses  which  accompany 
it ;  this  is  a  notable  instance  of  eight  chron-anagrams  composed  with 
the  letters  of  the  same  original  words.  Secondly,  some  'cabbala' 
lines  give  the  date  1725,  and  some  conversational  chronograms  draw 
a  moral  from  the  wet  weather  which  happened  on  the  occasion. 
Thirdly,  the  event  is  applauded  in  a  chronogrammatic  ode  in  Sapphic 
metre.  And  lastly,  there  is  a  curious  feature,  viz.,  a  long  conversation 
between  two  men  of  Franconia,  one  of  whom  asks  the  questions  or 
makes  the  remarks,  the  other  answers  in  chronograms ;  the  first  eight 
of  his  replies  are  in  'pure*  chronogram,  i.e.  every  letter  counts  as  a 
numeral ;  occasionally,  however,  the  sense  is  somewhat  sacrificed  to 
the  exigency  of  the  chronogram.  The  remaining  replies  are  made  in 
appropriate  quotations  from  the  Bible,  Vulgate  Version.  The  subjects 
under  their  discussion  are  various,  such  as  the  character  and  disposi- 
tion of  the  new  bishop,  the  circumstances  and  ceremony  in  the 
cathedral  of  Wurzburg,  the  chattering  and  laughing  of  some  of  the 
female  spectators  there  present,  the  architect  of  the  new  palace  and 
what  he  said  to  the  sculptor  employed  in  the  ornamentation  of  it,  the 
soldiers  with  beards  two  feet  in  length,  the  people  who  quarrelled 
after  drinking  too  freely,  the  conversation  is  concluded  by  the  two 
worthy  Franconians  drinking  the  bishop's  health  and  going  forth  to 
see  the  illuminations.  I  have  given  a  full  transcript  of  this  amusing 
colloquy.  It  appears  from  the  last  line  of  the  tract  that  the  authors 
were  certain  brethren  of  the  Franciscan  monastery  at  Wurzburg ;  it 
commences  thus — 

EUCHARISTICON. 
Franconiam,  Novum  Phoebum 
Suspirantem,  Echo  solatur. 

Then  follows  a  set  of  echo  verses,  during  the  recital  of  which 
Phoebus  is  supposed  to  be  present ;  Franconia  then  pronounces  the 

Programma 

Io  !  bIs,  ter  Io  ! 
VIVat 

ChrIstophorVs  franCIsCVs, 

franCLb-orIentaLIs  DVX,  et  DeI  gratIa  >=     1725 

noVa  LVX, 
neo-epIsCopVs  herbIpoLensIs 

PATER    PATRLe! 

i.e.  Hurrah  I  twice  and  thrice  hurrah  I  long  live  Christopher-Francis, 
Duke  of  Franconia,  and  by  the  grace  of  God  the  new  light,  the  new 
bishop  of  Wurzburg,  the  father  of  his  country  ! 


288  CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG. 

Then  comes  the  first  anagram  on  the  foregoing  chronogram l — 
hIC  VIr  sVa  VI  spIrItV,  Ver£  eXCeLsVs  pontIfeX  est, 
prp  te  o !  bona  sf  Irps,  gLorIa  hVttenIana,  aC  pro  te  o  ! 
herbIpoLIs  Deo  In  DIVA  arA  saCrIfICans.  =     1725 

i.e.  This  man  by  his  own  force  and  spirit  is  truly  an  exalted  prelate,  for 
thee  O  good  branch  is  the  glory  of  the  Hutten  family,  for  thee  O  Wiirz- 
burg  is  he  sacrificing  to  God  on  the  holy  altar. 

The  second  anagram. 
Is  noWs   pontIfeX,  abrahjE  pVro   spIrItV,  In^  eXCeLso 
horeb,  aC  granDI  sIon  CLIVo,  IpsI  Deo  LItat  -ySssVs  hostIa 
perpVra  et  tenera  saCrIfICatVr.  '  =1725 

The  third  anagram. 
bonVs  pontIfeX  k  graVI  thVrIs   nVbe,  aC  pVro   rore, 
saCrIfICanDo  Cor,  eXCeLso  eLLb  spIrItV  has  arA  panIs  et 
VInI  hostIas  saCrIfICat.    (This  makes  1369,  no  explanation.) 

The  fourth  anagram. 
pontIfeX,  VIr   DeI,   VtI  abeL   In  ara   eX  pLeno  rore, 
spIrItVs  Igne,   pVras    bonI   sVI  rVrIs    hostIas   paCIfICas, 
hoLoCaVsta,  et  thVra  Deo  plk  ConseCrat.  =     1725 

The  fifth  anagram. 
pontIfeX  In  re  !  eXCeLso  spIrItV,  gLorIA,  In  thVrb,  Vt 
DIVInVs  perennIs  IaCob  IpsI  Vero  Deo  ab  ara,  hoLoCaVsta, 
et  perpVras  hostIas  saCrIfICat.  =     1725 

The  sixth  anagram. 
pontIfeX  In  spIrItVs   reLIgIone,   hoLoCaVsta   k  pLeno 
rVrIs  et  thVrIs  VerI  bono,  ab  ara,  Vt  reX  DaVID,  hostIas 
paCIfICas  pVras  plk  ConseCrat.     (This  makes  1724.) 

The  seventh  anagram. 
gLorIare  bona  herbIpoLIs,  VIDes  tWs  spIrItV  pontIfeX, 
rore  VnCtVs  aaron  faCtVs  pVra  DeI  paCIs  hostIa,  honorI 
eXCeLsI  In  pIetate  saCra.     (This  makes  1724.) 

The  eighth  anagram. 

heVs  6 !  bona,  pIa,  6 !  Deo  prona  stIrps  hVttenIana  hIC 
tIbI  est  pontIfeX,  VarIo  aC  graVI  spIrItV  eXCeLLens,  VERfe 
rarVs  pro  te  ILLI  Deo  saCrIfICans. 

(This  chronogram  is  sic  in  original  and  must  be  wrong.  It  makes 
1770.) 

1  I  am  under  the  necessity  of  remarking  that  on  testing  the  accuracy  of  the  eight 
anagrams,  each  is  found  to  be  imperfect  to  the  extent  of  one  to  six  or  eight  letters,  a  matter 
for  which  the  printer  of  the  original  is  by  no  means  responsible.  The  number  of  letters  to 
be  used  is  112,  and  it  would  have  been  a  triumph  of  ingenuity  if  the  anagrams  had  been 
faultless  by  using  every  letter  of  the  '  programma '  throughout  the  series ;  all  anagrams 
should  be  thus  strictly  composed,  but  as  the  rule  is  not  so  carefully  followed  here  the 
anagrams  must  be  condemned,  in  that  respect,  as  exceptionally  bad.  Some  are  also  faulty 
as  chronograms.  It  will  be  seen,  on  translating  the  anagrams,  that  they  draw  a  com- 
parison between  the  bishop  and  the  Jewish  priestly  characters  in  the  Old  Testament. 


CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG.  289 

The  author's  fancy  then  runs  wild  in  praise  of  the  new  bishop  in  a 

threefold  set  of  questions  and  answers  to  account  for  die  gentle  rain 

which  happened  on  the  occasion,  the  answers  are  given  in  'cabbala' 

sentences  which  contain  the  date,  and  by  chronograms  composed  on 

appropriate  Biblical  quotations  giving  also  the  same  date. 

Quastio. 

Cur  in  die  Consecrationis  aura  mitissima,  ac  vere  verna  pluvia  fuit  ? 

Responsio. 

Ver  Veris1  sobolem,  sacer  O  !  te  Praesul,  adorat. 

Responsio  secunia  Cabalistico-Leonina : 

Laeta  redit  chloris,  viget  in  te  pignus  amoris.2 

126.     198.       260.       321.   49. 105.    406.       260.  =    1725 

Quastio. 

An  ex  hoc  paternam  Presulis  curam,  et  ex  ilia  benedictionem 

Patriae  ominamur? 

Responsio  CdbalisHca. 

Signa  parit  veris :  cura  indicat  omina  terns.2 

147.      250.     384.     284.      166.        130.       364.        =    1725 

Key  to  the  Cabbala. 

abcdefghi     klmnopq     r     s    t     uxyz 
1     a     34     5     67      8     9     10    ao    30    40    50    60    70    80    90  100  900  300  400  500 

Quastio. 
Quid  dixerat  sincera  corda  inter  ipsam  pluviam  Diei  consecrationis? 
Responsio:  Chrono-scripturistica pura. 
aqVal  oMnes,  qV x.  sVper  CceLos  sVnt:  LaVDent.       =     1725 
Psalm  cxlviiL  4. 
Quastio. 
Est  sank  res  mirabilis  !  an  non  omni  orbi  denuncianda? 
Responsio ;  Chrono-scripturistiea  pura. 
annVnCIate  In  gentIbVs  et  aVDItVM  faCIte.    Jeremiah  L  2.=     1725 

Quastio. 
An  non  fuit  summfe  frugifera  ilia  pluvia,  jamque  terra  amaenfe 
rutilat,  et  germinat  ? 

Responsio ;  Chrono-scripturistica  pura. 
rVtILat,  et  sICVt  pLWIIs  gerMInat   herba  De  terra.  =     1725 
2  Samuel  xxiii.  4. 

The  author  then  takes  as  his  subject  the  noble  family  of  the 
bishop,  Hutten  of  Stolzenberg,  and  their  armorial  bearings,  and  gives 

18  Epigramma  Emblematicum. 

Masculus  Hatteniani  gentilitii  (est  sine  brachiis)  capite  infulam 
gerens  pingitur.    (There  is  no  engraving  of  the  armorial  shield.) 
non  operosa  ManVs,  non  fortIa  braChIa  ferre      I 
possVnt;  en!  Vegeto  qVoD  gerIt  In  CapIte.         J  ~~     I725 

1  The  bishop  was  born  in  the  spring  season,  the  19th  May. 
*  Observe  these  Leonine  hexameter  verses. 
2  O 


290  CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WtJRZBURG. 

Votum  totius   nobilissimse  familiae,  cujus    Celsissimus  tertium 
infulatum  caput  est 

Chronodystichon  eo  numeri  ordine,  quo  legitur. 
en  !  Mentes  pro  te  granDes  et  peCtora  posCent!    \  = 

eX  Voto,  Vt  sors  fIt  ter  tIbI  propItIa.  J  '  5 

CLareant  CceLI,  faVeant  et  astra,  \ 

TERRA  L^TETVRj    RES0NENT  ET  jETHRA,  ( 

MVLCeant  Lenes  zephyrI;  VIresCat  I  '  5 

fLorIger  orbIs.  ) 


CVnCta  soLennes  referant  honores, 
gLorIas  saCras  repetant  et  aLtas; 
Vt  DIes  DlGNfe  CeLebretVr  Iste, 

RlTfe  SACRATVS. 


>*=    1725 


=    1725 


sCILICet  nVper  (DeVs  annVbeat) 
DVX,  pater,  prInCeps,  bene  nVnCVpatVs 
Interest,  VIttA  Vt  sIt  et  InfVLatVs 

pontIfICaLI. 

Ista  LVX  ferIs  CeLebretVr  annIs: 
VI Vat!  est  VInCtVs  MItrA  epIsCopaLI 
prInCIpIs  Vertex  I  Ita  gLorIatVr  (  '  5 

herbIpoLensIs. 

Disticon  verbaliter  retrogradum,  ad  plausum  insculpit  Genius 
familiae  Monti-superbae.  [Mons-superbus,  Stolzenberg,  or  Proud-hill.] 
This  distich  is  retrograde  to  this  extent.  The  words,  as  may  be  seen, 
are  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse.  The  same  words,  when 
read  backwards,  are  the  same  in  metre,  the  lines  dividing  at  the  word 
'digna.1 

Est  satis :  Angelicus,  Stolzenberg  marmore  digna 
Nomina  das  Praesul,  das  bona  cceligenum. 
Vivas! 
IMperII  pr*stans  prInCeps,  et  epIsCopVs  ET  DVX,      ss     1725 
tV  MIhI  faX  post  HiEC:  oVI  beneDICte  nItes.         =     1725 


prInCeps  A  hVtten,  tIbI  sVnt  pIa  CorDa  trIbVtVM:   =     1725 


RfiC  pLebIs,  sIMVL  et  VoX  erIt  Ipsa  DeI.  =     1725 

—  ♦•■ 

The  conversation  between  the  two  Franconian  gentlemen  named 
Kilian l  and  Conrad  then  commences — 

1  These  names  are  closely  connected  with  the  early  history  of  Wiirxbarg.  Kilian  is  the 
patron  saint.  He  was  a  holy  Irish  monk  of  noble  Scotch  extraction.  With  two  zealous 
companions  he  travelled  to  Rome  in  686,  and  obtained  from  Pope  Conon  a  commission  to 


CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG.  291 

Inter  festivissimos  plausus,  duo  veri,  et  verb  germani  Francones, 
unus  Kilianus,  alter  Conradus  est,  et  de  electione,  et  de  consecratione 
colloquuntur. 

Conradus.    Dum    Princeps    adhuc    Decanus    erat,    nonne    in    vita 
exemplari  luxit,   nosque  quam  multura  juvit,  et  vicit 
etiam.     Quid  potest  de  hoc  dicere  ? 
Kilian.  DVM   VIXI,   LVXI:   IVVI,   VI   IVVI,   VICI.1  a     1725 

Con.  At  nunc,  nonne  civium  inopiam  consideravit,  et  vidit  ?  est  lux, 

est  dux,  juvit,  etc.,  quid  potest  ad  hoc  dicere? 
KiL    ID  VI   VIDI,   LVX,   DVX  VI   IWI,   VI  VICI.1  ==     1725 

Con.  Quid  amplius  dicere  potest  de  sublevata  civium  inopia? 
KiL    ID  LVX  VIDI,   IVVI,   IVVI,  CVI   DVX  IVI.i  =     1725 

Con.  Vix  illuxit  Princeps,  nonne  severam  (ut  necesse  erat)  justitiam 

exercuit     Quid  de  hoc? 
Kil.   VIX  LVX:  VIM  VIVI   IVDICII  VIXI.1      .  =     1725 

Con.  At  nunquid  ex  hoc  civium  delicium  fuit?  quid  de  hoc  dicet? 
Kil.   ILLICIVM  ILLVXI,  ILLI  LVXI  CIVI  CVI  IVI,  IWl^     1725 
Con.  Sed  vix  res  civiles  exorsus  est,  jam  fuit  civi  levamen.     Quid  de 

hoc? 
Kil.   VIX  LVX  MICVI,  VLLI  CIVILI  LVCl   ILLVXI.1       =     1725 
CVI   VLLI   LVXI,   ILLWIVM   ILLVXI,   CVI  VICI.1  =     1725 
Con.  An  non  in  Stoltzenberg  lilium  benedictum  est  cui  primo  illuxit, 

quid  dicit? 
Kil.    LILII  VIXI  CLIVI  LILIVM,  ILLI,  VIX  VLLI  ILLVXI.*=     1725 
Con.  Quid   denique  ejus  merita  etiam    apud    seram    posteritatem 

dicent?    qualiter    illuxerit  Ecclesiae    Cathedrali,   Herbipoli, 

Franconia,  et  civibus? 
Kil.    ILLI    VIXI:    ILLI    LVXI:    ILLI    ILLVXI:  VI    VLLI 

MICVI.1  =     1725 

Con.  Jam  mi  auree  Kiliane  age  de  festivitate  narra :  imprimis  cum 

qua  pompa  processit  noster  Dominus  ad  Ecclesiam  Cathe- 

dralem? 
Kil.   sVnt  IpsI  MILLe  qVaDrIngentI  CVrrVs.  3  Kings  x.  26.*=     1725 


preach  the  gospel  to  the  German  idolaters  in  Franconia.  These  missionaries  converted  and 
baptized  great  numbers  at  Wiirzburg,  and,  among  others,  Gosbert,  the  duke  of  that  name, 
who  had  married  his  deceased  brother's  widow,  and  being  reminded  by  Kilian  that  such  a 
marriage  was  condemned,  and  void  by  law,  he  promised  to  dismiss  her.  She,  in  revenge, 
'sent  assassins,  who  privately  murdered  the  missionaries  in  688.  Their  remains  were 
translated  to  Wiirzburg  Cathedral  by  Bishop  Boniface  in  the  following  century.  The 
murderers  are  said  to  have  perished  miserably.  Several  authorities  are  quoted  for  these 
and  other  facts,  in  Butler's  Lives  of  the  Saints,  under  the  calendar  date  of  8th  July. 

There  was  Conrad  1.,  Count  of  Franconia  and  King  of  Germany  in  912 ;  Conrad  11., 
Duke  of  Franconia  and  King  in  1024 ;  and  five  bishops  Conrad,  at  the  respective  dates 
1 197,  1266,  1519,  1540*  and  1683. 

1  These  are  all  called  'pure  chronograms.'  Perhaps  there  are  not  more  than  thirty 
Latin  words  that  could  be  so  used. 

1  The  quotations  are  made  from  the  Vulgate  Version  of  the  Bible.  The  places  are  the 
1  as  in  the  English  translation,  with  but  few  exceptions. 


292  CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG. 

Con.  At  nonne  tunc  non  vidisti  Principem  quia  minis  multi  Domini 

erant  circa  eum,  sed  quando  sperabas  eum  videre  ? 
Kil.   si  abLata  fVerIt  MVLtItVDo  ILLIVs.    Ezekiel  xxx.  4.  =     1725 
Con.  Nunquid  ex  omnibus  pagis  et  oppidis    aderant  Rustici    os 

oculosque  diruentes  et  dicentes :  ecce !  ecce ! 
Kil.   Ita  pktrVs  CVM  Ioanne  DIXIt:  respICe.    Acts  iii.  4.    =     1725 
Con.  Quid  ergo  impedivit  ne  procedentem  ad  templum  Principem 

videres?   ni  fallor    ante    te  stabant  pueri    Scholares  cum 

moderatore  suo,  quid  tu  ei  ? 
Kil.   qVare  hI  DIsCIpVLI  tVI  non  aMbVLant?  MarkviLs.=     1725 
Con.  Quinam  sunt  Scholares,  qui  proximfe  ante  te  steterunt? 
Kil.    Is  sIMon,  petrVs  et  aLIVs  DIsCIpVLVs.    Johnviii.  15  =     1725 
Con.  Vidisti  tamen  satellites,  et  viros  cum  amplis  hastis,  quid  putabas 

id  voluisse  indicare  ? 
Kil.    erIt  qVonIaM  CaptIVI  DVCtI  sVnt.    Micah  L  16.         =     1725 
Con.  Desipis :  in  tanta  pompa  nemo  ducitur  captivus.    Sed  nunquid 

etiam  vidisti  qualiter  exceperint  Principem  ad  limen  summi 

templi? 
Kil.   saCerDos   stabat   ante   ostIVM    In    seXCentIs    VIrIs. 

Judges  xviii.  17.  =     1725 

Con.  Detn  templum  intromissus  te  magnis  dominis  associiste,  quseso 

quid  cogitabas? 
Kil.   eroqVe  Inter  eos  sICVt  CmterI  hoMInes  VIDensqVe. 

Judges  xvl  17.  =1725 

Con.  Sed  et  tuus  affinis  ex  itinere  accurrens  de  pago  videndi  anhelus, 

vix  non  prope  suffraganeum  se  locavit 
Kil.    Iter  faCIens  VenIt  seCVs  eVM  et  VIDIt.   Luke  x.  33.  =     1725 
Con.  Et  alter  quoque  ejus  vicinus  Joannes  sinfe  crux  sinfe  lux  subitb  in 

templum  irrupit  (sic). 
Kil.    nesCIens  qVID  faCtVM  fVerat,  IntroIVIt.   Acts  v.  7.=     1725 
Con.  Sed  nunquid  omnem  actum  exactfe  videre  poteras,  quis  fecit 

tibi  videndi  locum  ? 
Kil.    Ipse  VIr,  qVI  DereLIqVIt  LoCVM.    Prov.  xxvii.  8.         =     1725 
Con.  Intellexistis  solemnes  ceremonias   sacra   inaugurationis?    vix 

credo,  quod  aliquid  ejus,  quod  locuti  sunt  intellexeris. 
Kil.   qVIa  Is  hebreA  LIngVA  LoqVeretVr  aD  ILLos  MagIs. 

Acts  xxiL  2.  =     1725 

Con.  Fallens ;  non  loquuntur  Hebrea  lingui ;  et  nonne  ad  modura 

veteris  testamenti  cornu  olei  habuit  summus  Episcopus,  et 

unxit  eum,  et  multas  orationes  dicebat? 
Kil.   Is  habebat  CornVa  DVo  sIMILIa  aonI:  et  LoqVebatVr. 

Apoc  xiiL  11.  =     1725 

Con.  Ergo  semel  legi  in  aliquo  Germanico  libro  diiestis  vos.    Forsan 

tales  dii   sunt  Episcopi,  vidisti  quales  habuerint  pulchras 

vittas? 
Kil.   hI  aVreas  habent  sVper   CapIta   sVa    DII   ILLorVM. 

Baruch  vi.  9.  =     1725 


CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG.  293 

Can.  Observ&sti  etiam  musicam  ?  nonne  audisti  cantantes  viros,  qui 
tamen  tarn  tenerfe  cantant  uti  pueri  parvuli,  quales  hi  ? 

Kil.   Hi  eVnVChI,  qVI  DeVtero  MatrIs  sIC.   Matt.  xix.  12.  =     1725 

Con.  Unum  vidi  magnum  dominum,  qui  habebat  vestem  auream, 
qualis  ille  ? 

Kil.   De  trIbV  IsaChar,  qVgrVM  prInCeps   Is  fVIt.     Num. 

H.  5-  =i7«S 

Can.  Vidisti  quam  devotfe,  quam  pife,  quam  sanctfe  noster  Pnnceps 

sacram  mitram  acceperit,  nonne  est  vir  innocentissimus  ? 
KiL    neqVe  Caro  IpsIVs  VIDIt  CorrVptIoneM.    Acts  ii.  31.  =  1725 
Con.  Ego  flebam  tacitfe  dum  vidi  tantum  Principem  ibi  coram  suo 

sufiraganeo  flectere,  et  ungui,  et  accipere  pedum,  et  cogitavi 

eum  esse  humillimum  dominum;    et  qui  ad  tarn  sacram 

dignitatem  evehuntur  ? 
Kil.   qVI    trIbVLato  CorDe,    et   hVMILes   spIrItV.      Psalm 

xxxiii.  19.  =1725 

Con.  Dum  ipse  noster  celsissimus  Princeps  ita  se  haberet  in  su& 

humilitate,  vidi    dominas    et  domicellas  flere,   quid  tacitfe 

Princeps  penes  se  dicebat  ? 
KiL   noLIte  fLere   sVper    Me,    seD    sVper    Vos    Ipsas    Ita 

fLete,  et  sVper  fILIos.    Luke  xxiii.  28.  =     1725 

Con.  Sed  turba  quaedam  mulierum  ex  adverso  continub  garrivit  et 

risit  et  nescio  quid  inepti  lusus  egit,  ad  quos  vir  gravis  quidam, 

excitans  eas  ad  gratiarum  actionem  pro  hoc  optimo  Principe 

Deo  faciendam,  quid  aiebat  ? 
KiL  sorDIbVs  generatIo  praVa  atqVe  perversa,  haCCIne 

reDDIs  eI?    Deut  xxxii.  5,  6.  =     1725 

Con.  O !    utinam  mihi   Dominus  Parochus  meus  explicaret,  quid 

omnis  ceremonia,  et  totus  sacerrimus  inaugurationis  ritus 

significet ! 
Kil.    sVaDe  IpsI,  Vt  InDICet  tIbI,  qVID  sIgnIfICet.    Judges 

xiv.  15.  =     1725 

Con.  Quid  putas  Principem  or&sse  ad  Deum  in  sua4  humilitate? 
KiL    benIgn&  faC,  et  In  VIrtVte  tVa  IVDICa  Me.     Psalm 

liii.  3-  =     X72S 

Con.  Vidisti?  monetam  cudit  Princeps,  in  qui  :  melius  est  dare  quam 

accipere.  ita  est :  avarus  non  est     Quid  sentit  de  avaro? 
Kil.   perIIt,   Ita  et  DIVes  In  ItInerIbVs  sVIs  MarCesCIt. 

James  i.  ii,  =     1725 

Con.  O  !  quam  felix  est  stirps  Hutteniana,  quae  in  tanto  Principe 

universo  mundo  clarescit,  nonne  omnes  hujus  antiquissimae 

domus  a  Deo  Benedicti  sunt,  et  acceperunt  nomen  Prin- 

cipale  ? 
Kil.    beneDIXIt  ILLIs  et  VoCaVIt  noMen.     Genesis  v.  2.     =     1725 
Can.  Tanta  est  festivitas  Herbipoli,  et  tarn  pauci  ex  nostro  pago 

aderant,  quis  fuit  aliorum  sensus,  quae  cogitatio  ? 
Kil.    aDMIrantVr    non    ConCVrrentIbVs    VobIs    In    Ipsa. 

1  Peter  iv.  4.  =1725 


294  CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG. 

Con.  An  vester  Dominus  Parochus  non  denuntiavit  vobis  diem  con- 

secrationis,  vel  non  scivistis  ? 
KU.   In    qVoD,    VeL    qVaLe    teMpVs    sIgnIfICaret    nobIs. 

i  Peter  i.  n.  =1725 

Con.  Sed  quare  non  adfuerunt  patrini  tui  j  nunquid  affinis  tuus  Felix 

eos  detinuit  ? 
KU.   Ita,  DIstVLIt  aVteM  ILLos  feLIX.    Acts  xxiv.  22.       =     1725 
Con.  Quis  ergo  ex  vestris  aderat  ? 
KU.   Ipse    est    gaaL    fILIVs    ebeD    CVM    fratrIbVs    sVIs. 

Judges  ix.  26.  =     1725 

Con.  Dum  Princeps  post  consecradonem  in  suum  palatium  rediit,  qui 

fuit  ei  honor,  quae  reverentia? 
KU.   forIbVs  paLatII  VersabantVr,   fLeCtebant   genVa  et 

aDorabant  antIstIteM.     Esther  Hi.  2.  =     1725 

Con.  Quae  pulchra  vidisti  in  palatio  Principis?  an  et  hortum? 
KU.   si  CVCVrrIt  VnVs  aD  ostIa  poMarII.    Dan.  xiiL  25.  =     1725 
Con.  Nonne  affinis  tui  Felicis  et  mater,  et  fratres  aderant,  quid  ei 

nunciatum  est  ? 
KU.   eCCe  !  Mater  tVa  et  fratres  tVI  forIs  qV^erVnt  te, 

et  responDens  aIt  eIs:  hI  fratres.    Markiii.32,  33.=     1725 
Con.  Nonne  omnes  Francones  haec  solemnitas  pie  exhilaravit  ? 
KU    LiETlFlCAVlT    eos    LatItIa    Magna,    seD    et    VXores. 

2  Esdras  xii.  42.  =     1725 

Con.  Vidisti  etiam  in  civitate  novum  Principis  palatium  et  archi- 

tectum? 
KU.   IntrInseCVs  Ipse  MensVs  est  In   fronte  portjs  DVos 

CVbItos.     Ezekiel  xii  3.  =     1725 

Con.  Quid  praecepit  architectus  statuario  ? 
KU.    faCIat  sCVLptILe  atqVe  ConfLatILe,  et  nVnC  traDe 

ILLVD  eI.    Judges  xvii.  3.  =     1725 

Con.  Vidistine  etiam  satellites  et  imlites  ante  palatium  cum  bipedali 

barba? 
KU.    hI  CVstoDIebant  VestIbVLVM  paLatII.  2  Chron.  xii.  10.  =     1725 
Con.  Cur  non  moratus  es  tota  die  in  civitate,  an  forsan  tui  vicini 

etiam  abierunt  ? 
KU.    eXeVntes  De  CIVItate  ILLI  etIaM.     Luke  ix.  5.  =     1725 

Con.  Quaeso  quid  audivisti  in  Civitate?  quid  optant  subditi  nostro 

Principi  ?  dicunt : 
KU.   Vt  MVLtIpLICentVr  DIes  tVI  et  annI.    Deut.  xi.  21.=     1725 
Con.  Utique  est  Dominus  perfect^  Justus,  et  quid  pro  nobis  solicit^ 

curat? 
KU.   VtIqVe  faCere  IVDICIVM  gregI.     Micah  vL  8.  =1725 

Con.  Quid  paterae  precatur  omnibus  suis  ? 
KU.   Vt  In  oMnIbVs  LoCVpLetatI  Ita  abVnDetIs.     2  Cor. 

ix.n.  =     1725 

Con.  Quid  potest  dici  de  eo,  quod  nihil  de  subditis  suis  extorqueat  ? 
KU.   non    tVLIstI    De    ManV   aLICVIVs    egenI.      i    Kings 

xviii.  12  (sic).  =     1725 


CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG.  295 

Con.  O  1  utinam  nostri  judicesetiam  sic  essent !  hie  dictum :  ut  sunt 

quandoque  nostri,  etc.  ? 
Kit.   Hi   perVertVnt  IVDICIVM   CongregatI.     i  Kings  viii. 

3>  4.  =     «7*5 

Con.  Putas,  in  quod  tota*  Franconia*  sub  hoc  tarn  pio  Principe  habitun 

simus  benedictionem  ? 
KU.   non    perIbVnt   VaLLes,   et   non   DIssIpabVntVr   CaM- 

pestrIa  In  te.     Jeremiah  xlviii.  8.  =1725 

Con.  Nuper    (ipse  vidi)  aliqua  paupercula    muliercula  porrexit  ei 

memoriale,  et  Princeps  ipse  legit  illud,  et  quidem  suis  oculis 

legit.     Ego  dixi  O  !  tu  es  bonus  Princeps :  cur  ? 
KU.   qVIa  IVDICaVIt  CaVsaM  egenI.     i  Kings  xxv.  39.         =     1725 
Con.  Vidisti  etiam  Judaeos  baptizatos?  duo  jam  sub  hoc  Principe 

transierunt  ad  veram  Ecclesiam,  putas,  quod  plures  illumina- 

buntur  sub  nostro  Pastore  ? 
KU.   hI  :  rVben,  sIMeon,  LeVI,  IVDas,  IsaChar  et  zabVLon. 

1  Chron.  il  1.  =     1725 

Con.  An  omnes  simul  a  Deo  habebunt  gratiam  ? 
KU.    Ipse  rVben,  et  sIMeon,  et  LeVI,  et  IVDas,  et  IsaChar, 

et  zabVLon.    Genesis  xxxv.  23.  =     1725 

Con.  An  optas,  ut  omnes  viri  totius  Judaismi  ad  nostram  fidem 

transirent  ? 
KU.   VIDVas  eIVs  MVLtIpLICabIs.     Ezekiel  xxii.  25.  =     1725 

Con.  Nunquid  vestri  domum  reduces  omnia,  quae  viderunt,  narrave- 

rant? 
KU   narraVerVnt  lis  oMnIa,  qV*  aCCIDerant,  fratrIbVs. 

1  Maccabees  v.  25.  =     1725 

Con.  An  et  insigniter  laetati  estis  in  vestro  pago,  quid  fecit  praetor 

vester  ? 
KU.   Is  faCIens  granDe  ConVIVIVM  pVerIs.    Gen.  xl.  20.  =     1725 
Con.  Quomodo  vocatur  vester  praetor,  ni  fallor  Joioda  ?  an  et  invitavit 

ad  convivium  primarias  pagi  mulieres  ? 
KU.  aCCepIt   aVteM    eI    IoIaDa   VXores    Ipsas.      2  Chron. 

xxiv.  >  =     1725 

Con.  Cum  quo  laetatus  est  vester  servus  Joannes  ? 

KU    ILLe  Ipse  InVenIt  VnVM  De  ConserVIs.   Matt  xviii.%8.=     1725 
Con.  Audivi  hos  socios'post  haustum  generosb  vinum  rixatos  esse, 

quid  adhoc  D.  Parochus  ? 
KU.   noMInIbVs  VoCabantVr,  et  PRiEDICAVlT  Els.      i  Esdras 

viil  20,  21.  =     1725 

Con.  Quid  dixit  servo  Joanni,  quod  sit  tarn  luridus  et  omnia  con- 

sumat? 
KU.   aIt:    non   CongregAstI    QV0M0D0    In    seneCtVte   tVa 

InVenIes?    Ecclesiasticus  xxx.  5.  =1725 

Con.  Nonne  et  praetor  eos  vocavit  ad  se  ? 

KU.    Ipse  In  IraCVnDIa  Magna  VoCaVItqVe.    Judith  v.  2.  =     1725 
Con.  Linquamus  haec.     At  certfe  noster  Princeps  piissimus  est,  quid 

elicit  Patriae  observandum  ? 


296  CHRISTOPHER,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG. 

Kil.   qVm  prjeCepI  tIbI  et   IVstItIas  Meas,  IVDICIa  Ista. 

2  Chron.  vii.  17.  =     1725 

Con.  Nonne  jussit  ex  sancto  justitiae  punitivae  zelo  quosdam  suspendi, 

vel  auffugerunt  ? 
Kil.   abIerVnt  VIaM  qVm  DVCIt  In  oaLgaLIs.     i  Maccabees 

ix.  2.  ^  =     1725 

Con.  Vale  mi  Kiliane,  pota  adhuc  semel  nostri  Domini  Principis 
sanitatem,  et  abi,  jam  enim  profunda  nox  est    Nonne  erunt 
illuminationes  Herbipoli  hie  nocte  ? 
Kil.   noX  sICVt  DIes  ILLVMInabIt.     Psalm  cxxxviiL  12.        =     1725 
Con.  En  !  potavi  in  sanitatem  Principis,  jam  vale  ! 

Kil.   tV  VERk  DeVotVs  franCo  es,  profICIat  tIbI  aMbrosIa  !  =     1725 
Uterque  Patriota  conolamat ; 
VIVat  Io!  sanVs  IanI  hIC  aD  teMpora  CanVs!  =     1725 

Votum  devotissimum  Minorum 
PRitsVL  VIVe  DIV  :  feLIX  te  patrIa,  feLIX  ) 

est  stIrps,  £stqVe  MInor,  qVI  tIbI  faVsta  VoVet.  j  7  5 

The  last  page  is  filled  with  a  quintuple  acrostic  in  hexameter 
verses,  on  the  names  of  the  bishop  Christophorus  Franciscus ;  and 
last  of  all  are  these  lines,  and  the  monastic  title  of  the  authors — 
antIstes  PRiESTANS,  festIVos  Inter  honores  ) 

te  eXIMet  A  nostro  peCtore  nVLLa  DIes.  j         x'25 

Conventus  devotissimus  et  subjectissimus 
FF.  Min.  S.  P.  Francisci  Conventualium  ad  sanctam  Crucem  Herbipoli. 


FREDERIC  CHARLES,  BISHOP  OF  WURZBURG  AND 

BAMBERG. 

SOME  tracts  contained  in  a  volume  in  the  British  Museum  (press- 
mark 1230.  L),  relating  to  the  Bishops  of  Wurzburg  and  Bamberg, 
similar  in  character  and  purpose  to  those  mentioned  in  my  former 
volume  on  Chronograms,  page  473.  Wurzburg,1  in  the  province  of 
Franconia,  one  of  the  most  ancient  and  historically  important  towns 
of  Germany,  has  for  upwards  of  1000  years  been  the  capital  of  an 
episcopal  see,  over  which  82  bishops  have  successively  presided 

Tract  2  has  this  title,  '  Illustrissima  Domus  Schonborniana  Infula 
et  Pileo  Ducali  jam  tertio  gloriosa  .  .  .  quando  .  .  .  D.  Fridericus 
Carolus  S.  EL  I.  princeps  et  episcopus  Bambergensis,'  etc.  (was  elected 
bishop  of  Bamberg  on  18th  May  1729.  It  is  a  congratulation  by 
the  Society  of  Jesuits  there,  in  a  series  of  Latin  odes  and  epic  poems, 
concluding  at  page  27  with  this  chronogram — 

1  The  name  of  Wurzburg  in  Latin  is  Herbipolis  or  Artaunum. 


WURZBURG  AND  BAMBERG.  297 

Vive !  aeternum  vive  Friderice  Carole 

tV  CVile  reqVIes,  tV  MeDICIna  VenIs.  =     1729 

Ovid  1.  3.  de  Pon. 
CaroLe  franConLb  prInCeps  CeLsIssIMe  VI Ve,  \  = 

et  fLVe  In  artaVnIs  fons  speCIose  pLagIs.  J  '  9 

1  ract  3  has  this  title,  i  Beschreibung  deren  illuminationen  und 
Freuden-feuren,'  etc.  A  description  of  the  illuminations  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  festival  held  in  honour  of  Friedrich  Carl,  Bishop  of  Wiirz- 
burg,  on  18th  May  1729.     All  in  German,  about  24  pages. 

Among  the  public  decorations  of  the  streets  of  the  town  there  were 
many  Latin  and  German  inscriptions,  and  these  chronograms — 

frIDerICo  CaroLo  ) 

prInCIpI  pIo,  sapIentI,  paCIfICo,  >  =     1729 

VIta,  et  DIVtVrna  feLICItas.  j 

His  illuminated  portrait  bore  this  inscription — 
frIDerICo  CaroLo 
epIsCopo  babenbergensI  et  herbIpoLensI 

franCLb  orIentaLIs  DVCI,  }-=     1729 

pIo,  gLorIoso,  sapIentI, 
ter  eXoptato. 

And  underneath  the  portrait  was  this  inscription — 

perpetVos  sVos  In  Igne  aMores,  ] 

et  perennIa  obseqVIa  >=     1729 

aCCenDVnt  et  offer Vnt  :  ) 

J.  M.  H.  J.  H.  F.  J.  P.  L. 

(These  are  the  initials  of  the  donors  of  the  work.) 

A  representation  of  a  fountain  bore  this  inscription — 
fons  saCer  In  CceLIs,  hesterno  soLe  CorVsCat.  ^ 

And  another  fountain  bore  this,  alluding  to  the  bishop —  J  = 
qVanDo   noVo    terrIs    hoDIe    fons    pVLCher    honore  C  '  ^ 

effVLget.  / 

A  picture  representing  his  portrait  and  coat-of-arms  was  inscribed 
thus — 

saCrIs  hIs  CoMItIbVs,  IVstItIa  atqVe  prVDentIa  regnabIt.=     1729 
qVare  LaVDate   eVM  In   sono  tVb</e,   In   psaLterIo   atqVe 
CItharA.  =     1729 

A  statue  of  Mercury  greeted  him  with  this  verse — 

ICh  brInge  DIr  aVs  gVten  MVth  )  = 

sICher  gebVrthen  herzogs  hVth.  j  ~"     l'  9 

This  complimentary  inscription  was  conspicuous — 
es  erLebe  DoCh  Vnser  grosse  fVrst  frIDerICh  CarL     I  _ 
Von  gott  hoChst-begLVCkte  Lange  regIerVngs  Iahr.      j  '  9 

The  picture  of  the  imperial  eagle  was  inscribed — 

DeI  gratIA,  et  faVentIbVs  aqVILIs  )  __ 

IMperatorIs  CaroLI  VI.  J  ~     ty29 

2  p 


298  WURZBURG  AND  BAMBERG. 

And  a  portrait  of  the  bishop  accompanying  it  had  this  bilingual 
inscription — 

VIta  Lonoa  et  feLIX  frIDerICo  CaroLo,  J 

epIsCopo  herbIpoLensI,  franCIa  EOiE  DVCI.  J  '  9 

Lang  VnD  begLVCkt  Lebe  frIDrICh  CarL,  ) 

bIsChoff  zV  wVrtzbVrg,  hertzog  In  franCken.       j  '  9 

A  lion  in  an  emblematical  picture  was  inscribed — 

Leo  DVX  InVICtIssIMe  saLVe  !  =     1729 

A  picture  of  a  stag  at  a  water-brook  was  inscribed  with  words 
adapted  from  Psalm  xlii.  1 — 

sICVt  CerWs  sItIens  festInat  aD  pontes  aqVarVM.    =     1729 

Another  emblematical  picture  was  inscribed — 

I!  Leo  DVX  feLIX,  In  franCos  pergIto  Montes.       =     1729 

Another  picture,  an  emblematical  representation  of  the  sun,  was 
inscribed — 

VIVat  LongaVas  frIDerICVs  Vt  IMpLeat  horas.      =       1729 

Some  other  emblematical  decorations  bore  this  inscription — 

PRitCIpWM  VIrtVte  tIbI  DeCVs.  =     1729 

An  illuminated  picture  was  inscribed  in  Spanish  and  Latin — 
Don  frIDerICo   CarLos  sVs   IgLesIas   Con  s'Verte  bIengo 
VIerne  Con  bIenes  Corone  e  eternIze  s'  VLoor  e  gLorIa.=     1729 
Los  CIeLos  pornVeVo   obIspo   Ij   prInCIpe  olj   Congozo  Ij 
LegrIa  eLegIDo  A  nobLe  franConIa  toDo  eLbIen  osorgVen.^     1729 
assI  nos  otras  s'  VIetas  o  VIetas   a  Westro  seSorIo  en 
nVestros  C6raCone  s'  DesseaMos.  =     1729 

se  nobIs  offert  LVX  IVCVnDIssIMa  ab  ALTa  =     1729 

frIDerICVs    CaroLVs    sChonborn    et    reICheLsberg    DeI 
gratIA     epIsCopVs     herbIpoLensIs     gLorIose      et     faVstI: 

REGNET  !  =       1729 

Deo    aVspICe     ILLVstrIssIMa     stIrps    Ista    absqVe     fIne 
VIrebIt.  =     1729 

eX    noMIne    sChonbornIano    Larga    ostenDVntVr    nobIs 

GRATliE  FLVENTA.  ss       1 7  29 

DIgna  ab  aXe  CepIt  ILLVstrIs  et  Vera  pIetatIs  In  terrIs 

PRiEMlA.  as       1729 

seCVnDI  annorVM  CVrsVs  non  InterItVrI  pergant!         =     1729 

Some  emblematical  pictures,  put  up  by  a  certain  physician,  repre- 
senting flowers  and  a  botanic  garden,  bore  these  inscriptions,  wishing 
long  life  to  the  bishop — 

Vt    serVs    In    CoeLos    reDeas  !    DIVqVe    aDsIs    In    terra 
popVLo.  =1729 

VIgILans  CVstos,  In  aMore  tVenDo  non  VIoLat  sVos.       ss     1729 
fons  speCIosVs  IrrIgat  sItIentes,  hVMeCtat  arIDas,  erIgIt 
herbas  VIresqVe.  =     1729 

The  words  printed  Ij  count  as  Y=2. 


'•* 


WURZBURG  AND  BAMBERG.  299 

Lucem  redde  Tuae  Dux  bone  Patriae ! 
Ins  tar  Veris  enhn  vultus  ubi  Tuus 

affVLget  popVLo,  pVrIor  est  DIes,  )  _ 

et  soLes  MeLIVs  nItebVnt.  )  '  9 

Some  illuminated  decorations,  put  up  by  a  certain  goldsmith,  bore 
these  chronograms  among  other  inscriptions — 

tVta  per  hoC  oMnIbVs  atqVe  InDVbItata  seCVrItas.        =     1729 
sChVtz  VnD  geWIsse  sICherheIt  Vor  Den  feInDen.         =     1729 
eCCe  gratIa  InsIgnIs  CaroLVs  VnanIMI  VoCe  faCtVs  est 
herbIpoLI  prInCeps.  =     1729 

Io  popVLI  patrIA  VoCe  regnabIs  frIDerICe  CaroLe  De 
eXCeLLentI  sChonbornIana  stIrpe.  =     1729 

A  picture  illuminated,  representing  a  flower  which  blossoms  in 
May,  out  of  which  proceed  a  bishop's  cap  and  a  ducal  hat,  the  head- 
gear of  the  Prince  Bishop  of  Wiirzburg,  and  alluding  to  the  month  of 
May,  when  this  festival  was  held.  It  bore  this  inscription — 
Interea  tIbI  DIVInabo,  optatVs  CaroLI  fLos  In  MaIo 
eXIstens.  =     1729 

A  picture  shield,  on  which  were  painted  a  lion  and  a  submissive 
lamb.  The  lion  in  this  and  some  of  the  foregoing  decorations  seems 
to  be  connected  with  the  bishop's  dignity  of  a  duke,  and  no  doubt  it 
was  well  understood  by  the  people  of  Franconia  and  Wiirzburg.  It 
bore  this  inscription — 

ego  sVM  pastor  bonVs,  fons  LenIs,  DICtVsqVe  pater  patrLe 
gLorIosVs.  ss     1729 

Some  decorations  represented  fountains  as  the  sources  of  rivers — 
the  rivers  Main  and  Regnitz,  which  flow  through  Wiirzburg  and 
Bamberg.  They  were  thus  inscribed  with  words  adapted  from  the 
Book  of  Esther,  x.  verse  6,  and  made  in  allusion  to  the  bishop  as  the 
fountain  of  the  gifts  and  graces  of  the  Spirit — 

Fons,  qui  crevit  in  fluvium,  et  in  Lucem  Solemque 
conversus  est,  et  in  aquas  plurimas  redundavit.  Esther 
x.  6. 

fons  fLWIVs  faCtVs,  fLWIVs  soL,  soLqVe  reDVnDans  I 
ILLe  In  aqVas  pLVres  eX  pVLChro  fonte  fLVebat.         J  ~       '  9 
eIn  bronn  In  eInen  fLVtz  Verkehrt  \ 

zV  eIner  sonnen  WorDen,  (  = 

so  Das  ganze  LanD  sehr  ehrt,  i  '  9 

erhebet  aLLer  orthen.  ) 

The  verses  extend  further,  but  not  in  the  form  of  chronograms ; 
they  are  followed  by  this  inscription,  which  was  placed  under  the 
ducal  arms — 

es  Lebe  eIn  Langes  Leben  frIDerICh  CarL  geborner  graf 
Von  sChonborn,  WVrtzbVrger  bIsChoff,  hertzog  Deren 
franCken.  =     1729 


1729 


300  WURZBURG  AND  BAMBERG. 

This  was  followed  by  a  picture  of  a  fountain  and  flowers  inscribed, 
in  allusion  to  the  vivifying  influence  of  the  bishop— 
qVI  hIC  haVrIs  aqVas,  VIDe,  Vt  fonteM  Corones.  =     1729 

eIn  IeDWeDer  er  so  hIer  Wasser  sChopffet  Crone  DIesen 
brVnnen. 

Komm  Ober-Unter-Franckenland 

Crone  diesen  brunnen, 
Dann  das  gute  euch  wohl  bekant, 
So  daraus  geronnen. 
There  were  some  decorations  inscribed  with  many  quotations  from 
the  Old  Testament,  relating  to  Solomon,  the  throne  of  David,  and  the 
attributes  of  mercy  and  judgment,  and  applying  all  more  particularly 
to  Wiirzburg  and  Bamberg,  and  to  the  bishop — 
er  satz  aVf  Den  thron  seInes  Vatters  DaVIDs,  seIn  reICh 
war  VberaVs  starCk  befestet.    3  Reg.  2  Cap.  v.  12.   (=1  Kings 
it.  12.)  =1729 

ICh  wILL  seInen  thron  befesten  ewIgLICh,  ICh  wILL  seIn 
Vatter  seIn,  er  soLL  MeIn  sohn  seIn.     i.  Paral.  xil 

This  reference  is  to  Paralipomena,  />.  the  Book  of  Chronicles.  The 
subject  of  the  chapter  here  mentioned  does  not  apply ;  it  is  possibly 
intended  for  1  Chron.  xxii.  and  xxiii. ;  or  more  likely  for  2  Samuel 
vil  13  and  14 — '  He  shall  build  an  house  for  my  name ;  and  I  will 
establish  the  throne  of  his  kingdom  for  ever.  I  will  be  his  father,  and 
he  shall  be  my  son.'  See  also  1  Kings  v.  5,  1  Chron.  xxii.  10,  and 
xxviii.  6.  The  chronogram  makes  1666,  and  probably  in  that  respect 
is  erroneous,  and  I  cannot  explain  or  rectify  it  That  year  is  not  that 
of  the  bishop's  birth ;  he  was  born  in  1674.  See  my  former  book  on 
Chroncgrams,  page  499. 

The  next  inscription  invokes  the  blessing  of  long  life  for  the  Fran- 
conian  bishop— 

es    Lebe    frIDerICVs    CaroLVs,    bIsChoff    zV   wIrtzbVrg, 
hertzog  zv  fran c ken  langes  leben  der  francken  !  =     1 729 

Among  other  decorations  the  following  inscriptions  were  put  up— 
sVrreXIt  Leo  fortIs  eX  nobILI  DoMo  sChonborn.  =     1729 

esto  prInCeps  noster  \  _ 

popVLVs  tWs  saLVtarI  sperat  In  te  DoMIne.        J  ~"     l129 
frIDerICVs  CaroLVs  A.  sChonborn  franConLe  DVX   J 

CceLo  ConsentIente,  v=c     1729 

prosper^  regat!  j 

The  remaining  two  pages  of  the  tract  are  full  of  compliment, 
eulogy,  and  praise  of  the  bishop,  but  not  in  chronogram.     This 
anagram  occurs,   on  his  name,  which  is  made   to   represent  the 
aspiration  that  he  may  flourish  in  Franconia — 
Fridericus  Carolus. 
Anagram. 
Circa  rus  (puta  Franconiae)  flores  diu. 


JOHN,    BISHOP  OF  CRACOW 
IN   POLAND. 

>N  applauding  poem  was  addressed  to  John,  Bishop  of 
Cracow,  by  Michael  Glosowicz.  The  following  is  a 
transcript  of  the  entire  tract  in  the  Bodleian  Library 
(the  present  press-mark,  Libb.  Polon. — pp.  4,  size  7x6 
inches).  It  is  probably  a  very  rare  one,  and  I  know  of 
no  other  copy.  Owing  to  the  peculiar  arrangement  of  the  words  of 
the  Latin  title,  it  is  difficult  to  render  it  precisely  in  English ;  but  its 
intention  may  be  expressed  in  the  following  translation,  and  I  place 
it  before  the  original,  so  that  it  shall  not  interfere  with  the  continuity 
of  the  Latin  composition.  Poetical  gratulations  of  this  sort  were 
frequent  in  Flinders,  and  in  many  parts  of  Germany  (examples  are 
given  in  this,  and  in  my  former  volume  on  Chronograms),  addressed 
to  the  Austrian  and  Spanish  governors  of  the  Netherlands,  and  to 
some  of  the  German  Emperors,  the  rectors  of  universities,  the  bishops 
in  Franconia,  and  other  persons  of  note ;  but  this  is  the  only  one  that 
I  know  of  belonging  to  Poland,  and  it  may  be  presumed  that  the 
author  of  it  was  a  native  of  that  country.  A  long  search  among 
works  relating  to  the  bishops  of  Cracow  has  not  disclosed  to  me  any 
similar  effusion.  At  the  period  of  the  composition,  the  Latin  was, 
and  had  been  for  a  long  time,  the  language  of  the  Court  and  of  the 
higher  literature  of  the  nation. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  the  author  *  sings '  his  chronograms  in 
hexameter  and  pentameter  Leonine  verses,  each  couplet  making  the 
year  1742  ;  and  that  he  introduces  another  conceit  after  the  fashion 
of  German  writers,  in  the  nature  of  an  acrostic.  The  initial  letters  of 
the  hexameter  lines  of  the  acrostic  on  page  304  infra  form  the  words 
Ioannes  VIVE  DIU — (i.e.  O  John  live  long),  by  reading  such  letters 


30a  JOHN,  BISHOP  OF  CRACOW. 

down  the  columns  as  arranged,  five  times  repeated ;  and  he  concludes 
with  an  apology  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse.  The  notes  are 
from  the  original.    Now  for  the  translation  of  the  title — 

1  he  applause  of  trumpeting  Fame, 

the  daring  (act)  of  a  jubilant  Muse, 

Who 

to  the  honour  and  worship 

of  the  most  Eminent  and  Exalted 

Prince  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  Priest 

Cardinal 

John  A  Lipe  Lipsky, 

Bishop  of  Cracow 

Most  gracious  Lord  Duke  of  Severina 

is  entirely  devoted 

amongst  the  joyfully  kindled  fires  of  enlightened  Parnassus 

in  the  revolving  orbit  of  illustrious  light, 

the  poet  in  feeble  verses  (or  weak  on  his  feet) 

commends  it  to  be  most  respectfully  sung. 

TO  HIS   EMINENCE. 

\Sigtud\  The  most  humble  of  clients,  etc.  etc. 
Michael  Glosowicz 

Plausus 

Famae  Buccinantis, 

Ausus 

Musae  Jubilantis, 

Quam 

Honori,  et  Venerationi 

Eminentissimi,  ac  Celsissimi 

Principis  s.  R.  e.  Presbyteri 

Cardinalis 

J  o  A  N  n  i  s 

A  Lipe  Lipsky, 

Episcopi  CracaviensiSy 

Severing  Ducis, 

Domini  Domini  Gratiosissiroi, 

Ex  asse  dicatam 

Inter  festivfe  excitatos  Parnassi  illustrati  ignes 

revoluti  Lucis  onomasticae  orbiti, 

Observantissimfe  modulari, 

Jubet  poeta  debilis  pedibus. 

eminentle  suje. 

Ciientum  minimus  Theologus  Speculativus 
et  digestista  absolutus  J.  P. 

Michael  Glosowicz. 


JOHN,  BISHOP  OF  CRACOW. 

prInCeps  InsIgnes  reVIDes  In  MontIbVs  Ignes, 

Ipsa  VoVet  pLenIs  gLorIa  VTVe  !  genIs. 
DanDo  tVbA  parVa  CresCentIa  sIgna  per  arVa, 

WLt  tIbI  testa*  CoLI  nVnCIa  CVLta  poLI. 
CVrro,  CItVs  fLantI  pLanta  tItVbante  VoCantI, 

eX  nVnC  stans  et  Iens  Mente  LIbente  CLIens. 
DIrIs  sopItjE  tenebrI?,  proDIte,  VenItb, 

Vos  qVoqVe  rIte  Qliii.  DICIte  :  VIVe,  nIte  ! 
nostraqVe  CVM  VernIs,  CIt6  CceCIs  teCta  CaVernIs 

eX  Latebra  nIgra  sVrge  thaLIa  pIgra. 
parCe,  faVe  CLaVDe,  neqVe  prInCeps  ostIa  CLaVDe, 

parWLa  fVLgores  Vt  Canat  ante  fores. 
sCVtIs  VIrtVtIs  si  spes  sIt  CInCta  saLVtIs 

CLaret  VbIqVe  soLI,  DIgna  proInDe  CoLI. 
VIX  enIsa  foras  partVs  tVa  steLLa  sVb  oras. 

Conveners  pII  sIgna  DeDere  DII. 
qV6D  sis  spes  *  arCIs,  tVa  MoX  InsIgnIa  parCIs 

InVItIs  atrIs  IntonVere  patrIs. 
MontIbVs  2  eX  ternIs,  patet,  e  8  rastorIsqVe  paternIs 

qV«  tV  Chara  soLI  spes  IoVe  Dante  poLI. 
CVnCtIs  ConCItIs  Lis,  qVsstIo  Mota  perItIs? 

HiEC  qVI  sCVta  gerIt,  pVsIo  qVaLIs  erIt? 
ast  Vlsls  MVtIs  nIhIL  aD  qV^sIta  LoCVtIs, 

rIsIt  nota  trIas  sternere  VIsa  VIas, 
qVeIs  aD  MaIores  feLIX  enIse  VIgores 

sIC  VaLeas  pronVs  ferre  regentIs  onVs. 
nVtV  DICtantIs  sVnt  VerIfICata  tonantIs, 

sIgna,  qVeIs  MIrI  te  pr«Iere  VIrI. 
DVX  aLtVs  4trIno  genVIno  Monte,  petrIno 

prata  gregI  qV/erIs,  speCtra  LVpIna  ferIs. 
tV  stIJgIs  A.  stagnIs  VIgIL  Is  baLantIbVs  agnIs, 

hIsqVe  MInanDo  foVes,  ter  bene  pasCIs  oVes. 
rastra  (InDeX  MessIs)  tVa  sVnt,  reCreatIo  pressIs, 

qVeIs  noVere  LegI  pabVLa  sana  gregI. 
Vbertas  CresCIt  MessIsqVe  CVpIta  VIresCIt; 

fLos,  LaVs  Chara  ChorI,  faVstaqVe  fata  forL 
hInC  VICe  pLaVDentIs  Cano  gentIs  LaVta  VoVentIs: 

Constans  VIVe,  preCor,  noster  In  orbe  DeCor. 
CVM  prjesIs  gentI,  fert  *enses  IVno  regentI, 

Vt  ferIas  DIros  eX  grege,  CaVte,  VIros. 
His  Vera  sIgnIs  neMesIs  bene  nosCItVr  IgnIs. 

qVo  seCtas  sopIs,  DIgne  VIr  aXIs  opIs, 


}- 
}- 


3©3 

1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 


*  In  original '  festa '  is  altered  with  the  pen  into  '  testa.' 

1.  (The  hope)  of  the  renowned  family  ot  Lipsky. 

2.  3.  The  devices  in  the  armorial  shield  of  the  family. 

4.  Trina  eminente  dignitate,  sal.  Prince,  Cardinal,  Bishop. 

5.  Jus  gladii  at  Dnci  competens. 


3<>4 


JOHN,  BISHOP  OF  CRACOW. 


seD  neC  abkst  sIgnIs  bonItas  eXpressa  benIgnIs, 

qVa  tV  fLos,  DegIs,  pLaVsV  faVenDo  regIs, 
iBQVIVALET  tVo,  pIa  Dos,  6patIentIa  sCVto, 

est  nota  sanCta  CrVCIs  portIo  pVLChra  DVCIs. 
ergo  Cano,  rarIs,  tV  DVX  Donate  tIarIs, 

qV6d  prjEsIs  arIs  Vt  genVIna  CharIs. 
bVCCIna  sVnt  pronIs  tVa  7teMpora  CInCta  poLonIs, 

qVanta  et  qVje  LegIs  CaVtIo,  CVra  gregIs. 
hoC  sCIo,  si  QViERO:  CVr  rVbro  CInCta  gaLero? 

VVLt  spes  VIVa  MorI  pro  pIetate  ChorI. 
ergo  parate  MorI,  qVIa  nostro  VIVIs  honorI, 

Verna!  resqVe  ChorI,  spesqVe  DeCorqVe  for!. 


1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 
1742 


His  &  me  poeta  minimo  in  primo  limine  dictis  ulterius  submissa 
Musa  humillimfe  progreditur  ad  jussum  meum  labiis  in  sequentia 
solutis. 


Inchoo 
Ocyus 

Justitiam 
Observans 

Jovis 
Oculis 

Invulgare 
Observor 

Juvantis, 
Ovantis 

Applausus 
Nomina 

Addant 
Notificent 

Applausibus 
Narrata 

Axis 
Nitore 

Amoenae 
Novenae, 

Nunquam 

Noscatur 

Nubes 

Numerisse 

Nocentes, 

Ethnarcha 
Sideribus, 

Excellens, 
Superet 

Eja! 
Solennia 

Exoptetis 
Saecla 

Egentes, 
Serenis 

Vernent 

Viventi 

Validis 

Vitalia 

Venis 

Insimul 
Vulgato 
Eminet 

Incipiant 
Veraque 
Excellens 

Innubila 

Viro 

Exercitus 

Jubila 

Virtute 

Ethicus, 

Justo 

Vesuisto, 

Extra! 

Designatque 

Ducem 

Dextrum 

Dominatio 

Dextra 

Infernis 
Urgentes  8 

Igitur 
Vetulae 

Jubeantur 
Vitam 

Inesse 
Violare 

Jacentes 
Volentes. 

Plura  de  signis  gentilitiis  dicere  volens  carmine  cancrino  jubetur 
k  me  9  litem  h  re  hac  orituram  metuente10  in  angustiis  constituto 
scientfeque  earn  proposito  suo  satisfacere  non  posse  observantissime 
obmutescere. 


6.  Per  signum  crucis  cardinalitiae  designata,  congenita  Dad  sabditis  scutum  contra 
justum  rigorem  Ducis. 

7.  Caput  Tiaris  decoratum. 

8.  TresParcae. 

9.  E  re  lis.  10.  angis,  si  non  is  signa  silere, 

Malo  canas  :  animo  nomina  *  sana  colam. 
*  Epithetum  musae  idem  significans  quOd  prudens. 


r 


JOHN,  BISHOP  OF  CRACOW. 

Carmen  Excusatorium 
ad  quiestionem  :  cur  ser6,  camcena  ? 

Quaestio  si  forsan  fuerit  tibi  mota  canenti 

Tardigrado  motu  cur  tua  vota  feras  ? 
Die :  furiosa  nimis  strepuit  Bellona,  Gradivi 

Alta  mihi  claudos  tardat  arena  pedes. 
Bis  properans  ad  vota,  novo  terrente  tumultu 

Sub  primum  fueram  jussa  redire  specum. 
Ast  postquam  licuit  claudae  titubare  per  oras 

Parce,  per  incoeptum  vado  laboris  iter. 


305 


2  Q 


GERMAN  MONASTERIES. 

JNDER  this  title  in  my  former  book  on  Chronograms,  at 
page  235,  several  monasteries  are  mentioned  with  only  a 
few  associated  chronograms,  and  at  page  244  the 
monastery  of  Olmiitz  with  quite  a  harvest  of  them  ;  at 
other  places  in  the  same  book,  chronograms  originating 
at  monasteries,  and  having  some  special  historical  or  local  allusion,  are 
arranged  with  the  panegyrics  and  pageants.  The  present  chapter 
will  contain  chronograms  from  some  other  monastic  institutions  which 
my  extended  researches  have  led  me  to  observe. 


>   m*m    < 

THE  MONASTERY  OF  AMORBACH. 

THE  commemoration,  on  12th  to  19th  September  1734,  of  the 
completion  of  1000  years  since  the  foundation  of  this  Bene- 
dictine monastery 1  in  the  archbishopric  of  Mayence,  is  related  in  a 
folio  volume  in  my  possession  entitled  ',/Etas  mille  annorum  anti- 
quissimi  et  regalis  monasterii  b  .  m  .  v .  in  Amorbach,  Ord.  s.  Bened 
in  archi-diocesi  Mogunt,'  etc.  By  Ignatius  Gropp.1  Printed  at 
Frankfort,  1736.  There  is  a  handsome  engraved  frontispiece,  repre- 
senting the  Virgin  Mary  above  in  glory,  accompanied  by  four  saints, 
from  whom  proceed  rays  of  light  shining  downwards  on  the  model 
of  the  monastery  church,  supported  by  the  hands  of  two  kings,8  one 
prince  and  a  saint,  who  had  been  patrons  and  benefactors,  standing  in 
the  foreground;  the  well  of  Saint  Amor, '  Amors-brunn/  giving  its  name 
to  the  place,  is  also  represented  in  the  left-hand  corner  of  the  engrav- 
ing. Among  the  groups  of  figures  are  seen  inscriptions  on  scrolls,  float- 
ing about  as  it  were  in  mid-air ;  one  of  them  is  in  chronogram,  thus — 

IstIs  sVb  patronIs  eXtat  MILLe  annIs.  =     11 20 


1  The  Monastery  of  Amorbach  is  in  the  vicinity  of  [the  village  of  that  name  in  the 
Odenwald,  near  Michelstadt,  and  some  distance  north-east  of  Heidelberg.  It  is  now 
suppressed ;  it  once  contained  a  fine  library. 

■  See  pages  272  to  286  ante,  other  monastic  histories  by  the  same  author.  A  copy  of 
this  work  is  in  the  British  Museum. 

*  An  explanatory  note  states  the  names :  Carolus  Mart  ell,  Pippinus  Francis*  rex, 
Ruthardus  comes  a  Frankenberg,  and  S.  Pirminius,  O.S.B. 


AMORBA  CH  MONASTER  K  307 

At  this  time  the  monastery  was  ruled  by  prior  Engelbert ;  his 
portrait  is  accompanied  by  a  special  dedication  to  him  on  the  occasion 
of  the  jubilee,  signed  thus  by  the  author — 

hIsCe,  pIo  eX  CorDe  ) 

serVVs  gratabatVr  InfIMVs  J  I734 

,F.  Anselmus  Gropp. 
Ord.  Erem.  S.  P.  Aug.  presbyter  indignus. 

Five  pages  of  complimentary  verses  in  hexameter  and  pentameter 
metre  next  follow,  accompanied  by  acrostics  on  the  name  Engelbert, 
with  the  following  intervening  chronograms  connected  with  the  subject. 
bLanDIor  at  pro  te  sors,  engeLberte,  refVLsIt       ) 

eX  IstIs  etenIM  bIs  tIbI  qVInqVe  Leges.  j  ~*     I734 

He  is  addressed  as  the  new  Samson,  more  powerful  than  Samson 
the  son  of  Manoah.  The  verses  include  this  chronogram,  in  which  he  is 
addressed  as  '  Manuade,'  i.e.  O  son  of  Manoah — 

aC  tot,  Io  RfiAN !  tot,  Io  I  annI  nonne  sVbaCtI        ) 
sVnt  tIbI,  ManVaDe  qVot  perIere  VIrL  j  *734 

The  angelic  sound  of  his  name  is  alluded  to  in  the  next  verses, 
concluding  thus — 

CLarIor  hIC  Vt  te,  sIt  In  hoC  Long/eVIor  orbe  :     ) 
CVnCta  InIMICa  terat,  qVjeqVe  benIgna  ferat.       J  ""     I734 

His  similitude  to  Samson  is  further  shown  by  declaring  that  sweet- 
ness comes  from  his  strength ;  the  verses  conclude  with — 

qVos  CoLIs  antIstes  seD,  o  engeLberte,  penates       )  _ 

DIrVere  ID  neqVIIt,  segnIVs  hIsq:  fVIt.  ,  J  ""     x'34 

The  series  of  verses  are  followed  by  a  wish  by  the  author  that  he 
may  enjoy  uncommon  happiness  for  many  years,  concluding  with — 
Isto  breVI  CarMIne  )  _ 

gratVLarI  qVo  aVsVs  et  appLaVDere  J  ""     I734 

The  next  verses,  still  alluding  to  Samson,  include  these  lines — 
qVare  agItas  DIgnIs  soLennIa  festa  trIVMphIs       I 

fasqVe  IVbet  Lotos  IntonVIsse  Choros.  J  734 

The  last  set  of  verses  are  addressed  to  the  author,  Ignatius  Gropp, 
by  one  of  his  admiring  brethren.  Allusion  is  made  to  the  name  of  the 
monastery,  Amorbach,  derived  from  that  of  the  first  Abbot  Saint 
Amor,  and  to  the  fountain  of  healing  water  flowing  at  the  place. 
This  is  the  concluding  chronogram— 

h^C  noVa  sVnt  ergo  gVstantI  raraqVe  MVnDo       )  _ 

si  poterIs,  frater,  taLIa  pLVra  refert.  j  "~     I734 

The  history  now  commences.  At  page  1  of  the  book  an  engraving 
represents  the  monastery  enclosed  within  walls,  with  young  and  full- 
grown  angels  floating  in  the  air  above,  the  former  bearing  the  armorial 
shields  of  benefactors,  inscribed  respectively — 

fVnDatVr  ab  IstIs.  ss  512  )  _ 

LoCVpLetatVr  eX  IstIs.  =  222  J  ""       734 


308  AMORBACH  MONASTER  Y. 

The  latter  are  blowing  trumpets  with  banners  attached,  inscribed — 
engeLbertVs  abbas  IVbILjEa  MILLenarIa,  =  1214)  _ 

festIVIs  rItIbVs  aDornaVIt.  =  520  j  734 

The  first  chapter  says  that  the  monastery  is  situated  in  the  Oden- 
wald  (ad  Sylvam  Odonicam)  between  the  rivers  Nicer  and  Main,  on 
the  boundary  of  the  dioceses  of  Mayence  and  Wurzburg,  seven  miles 
from  Wurzburg,  five  from  Aschaffenburg,  fourteen  from  Mayence,  and 
one  from  Amorbach  (i.e.  German  miles).  The  date  734  is  assigned  to 
the  foundation,  and  St.  Boniface  and  other  early  preachers  of  Chris- 
tianity in  Germany  first  attracted  the  high  patronage  which  led  to  the 
establishment  of  the  monastery.  The  narrative  gives  many  interesting 
particulars  of  its  varied  fortunes ;  it  was  greatly  damaged  by  various 
ware,  and  by  accidental  fires  and  lightning ;  and  at  the  time  of  the 
jubilee  it  was  again  threatened  by  the  French,  who  were  carrying  on 
war  in  the  country.  Passing  over  the  history  of  the  long  line  of  abbots, 
we  come,  at  page  123,  to  the  epitaph  of  the  sixty-first  abbot,  Joseph 
Haberkorn,  containing  these  chronograms — 

en  ManIpVLos  parItbr  IosephInos  )  __ 

qVos  Iste  sepVLChro  DIVes  Infert  !  J  7  7 

DefVnCtVs  perfrVatVr  paCe,  et  reqVIe  seMpIterna.     =     1727 
The  next  abbot  is  Engelbert  himself;  he  was  elected  in  1727,  as 
thus  expressed — 

apostoLI  hI  DIVIsI  ConVenIVnt  In  engeLbertVM.       m     1727 
A  congratulation  was  offered  in  this  '  very  elegant9  chronogram1 — 
CVr  engeLberto  VenIt  InfVLa  aMorIs  aperto        ) 

rIVo  ;  habet  abbatIs  Dona  petIta  sat  Is.  \  '   ' 

angeLVs  es  totVs,  pIetatIs  noMIne  notVs 

te  repLet  rarIs  DotIbVs  Ipsa  CharIs 
opto  regas  Canos  neo-abbas  sanVs  aD  annos,  .  _ 

rIVVs  aMore  fLVat,  gratIa  rore  pLVat.  J  '  7 

The  epitaph  of  John  Francis  Sebastian,  free-baron  of  Ostein, 
'  Satrapiae  Amorbacensis  supremum  prsefectum,'  is  dated  thus — 

VIator  pIe  DefVnCto  reqVIeM  preCare.  =     1718 

The  jubilee  festival  was  marked  by  these  chronograms,  among 
other  inscriptions  which  were  put  up  on  the  occasion — 
DeI  sVb  aVspICIIs, 

IstIs  sVb  patronIs,  }•=     1734 

eXtat  MILLe  annIs. 


A  T  the  conclusion  of  the  British  Museum  copy  of  the  foreeoing 
J\  work  [Press-mark,  488.  i.  4.],  viz.  after  the  History  of  the 
Monastery  of  Amorbach,  there  is  a  collection  of  tracts,  essays,  preach- 
ings, etc,  at  the  festival,  to  commemorate  the  completion  of  1000 
years  since  the  foundation  of  the  monastery.     At  page  91  this  one 

1  Observe  the  Leonine  construction  of  the  verses. 


1727 


sanCto  sanCtorVM  sangVIne  \ 

In  terrIs  fVnData  sVrreXIT.  J  734 


AMORBACH  MONASTERY.  309 

occurs,  '  Tausend-jahriges  Gloria  der  unerschaffenen  Drey-einigkeit 
in  einer  erschaffenen  Dreyfaltigkeit  abgestattet  von  einem  hoch- 
loblichen  nun  tausendjahrigen  KonigL  Closter  Amorbach,'  etc,  a 
preaching  on  15th  September  1734,  by  Richalmus  Bechtold,  sub-prior 
of  the  monastery,  '  B.  Mariae  V.  de  Speciosa  Valle,  ord.  Cisterciensis.' 
It  commences  thus — 

aVspICe  Deo  benIgno,  CoMIte  VerItate,  )  _ 

faVente  IVstItIa  aqVItate  et  ratIone.  J  x'^4 

Thema. 
Gloria  Patri,  et  Filio,  et  Spiritui  Sancto,  sicut  in  Principio,  et  nunc 
et  semper,  et  in  saecula  saeculorum.    Amen. 

Synopsis. 
gLorIa  sanCtje  trInItatIs  InCreat*  eX  J 

trInItate  Creata  feLICIter  resVLtans  >=     1734 

In  MILLenarIo  IVbILao.  ) 

At  page  94  this  chronogram  forms  part  of  a  sentence — 
IVbIL^VM  InsIgne  DeCet  IVbILVs  In  festIVItate  tanta.  =     1734 

At  page  toi  is  this  chronogrammatic  Trisagion,  in  the  words  of 
the  above  Thenta,  with  a  slight  alteration  at  the  end — 

gLorIa  patrI,  et  fILLIo,  et  spIrItVI  sanCto,         ) 
sICVt  erat  In  prInCIpIo,  et  nVnC,  et  seMper,        >=     1734 
et  In  s^sCVLa.  fIat.  ) 

And  at  page  102  the  preaching  thus  concludes,  alluding  to  the 
fountain,  Saint  Amor's  well,  the  river  of  love — 

rIWs  aMorIs  fLVat,  et  DIVIna  I 

gratIa  perennet  In  InfInIta  seCVLa.  /         x'34 

eIn  LIbs-baCh,  so  g'fLossen  taVsenD  Iahr  aLLbereIt    \ 
soLL  fLIessen  fort  DVrCh  gottLICh  gVnst  In  eWIgkeIt.  J  I734 

respondeat  oMnIs  popVLVs,  fIat  fIat,  I  _ 

fLVat  fLVat!  In  InfInIta  IVbIL/ba.  ]  ""     I734 

so  VWnsCht  aLLes  VoLCk  MIt  sConthaL  ) 

LIebsbaCh  rInn  fort  In  gottes  WahL.  J  I734 

gott  gebe  !  DIeses  WerDe  Wahr,  ) 

Leb  noCh  In  taVsenD  IVbeL  Iahr,  /  ""     I734 

J3men. 

At  page  141  another  preaching  in  1734  concludes  thus — 
Jubilaei  Millenarii  Anno,  quo  vovimus  : 
gLorIa  In  eXCeLsIs  Deo,  et  In  terra  paX  hoMInIbW 
regnet,  et  perennet  I 

PER  TE  ET  IN  TE  T  734 

O  BEATA,   ET  STERNA  TRlNlTAS  1 

Das  ist : 
In  dem  Jahr,  da  wir  wiinschen  : 

EHR  SEl  JE  GOTT  In  DER  HOHE  ElNlGKElT 

aVff  erDen!  VersChaffe  es:  o  heILIgste,  )-=     1734 

eWIge,  groste  DreI  J-eInIgkeIt!    JftnUlU 


i- 


310  BERG  MONASTERY. 

BERG  MONASTERY  NEAR  MAGDEBURG. 

AT  the  end  of  the  volume  last  quoted  there  are  some  tracts  relating 
to  Petrus  Ulner,  who  held  the  office  of  Abbot  at  the  monastery 
of  Berg  near  Magdeburg.  The  last  one  contains  the  services  and 
preachings  at  his  funeral  on  6th  September  1595,  and  on  page  27  are 
the  following  chronograms,  showing  the  foundation  of  the  school  and 
library  at  Berg  ('Monte  Parthenopolitano '),  its  destruction  during 
the  Peasants'  War  ('  seditio '),  the  restoration  of  the  school  in  a  more 
humble  building  by  Bishop  Peter,  his  rebuilding  of  the  library,  and 
lastly  his  death. 

Brevis  Chronologia  Phrontisterii  in 
Monte  Parthenopolitano. 
Fundatur  extra  muros  civitatis. 
qVm  pIVs  otto  LoCat  fVnDans  hIC  bergICa  teCta,  =      968 

gentIs  VIX  sana  DIrIpIt  atra  Man  Vs.  =     1525 

Devastatur  tempore  seditionis  rustic  a. 
VIrgInea  atqVe  VbI  gens  DestrVXIt  McenIa  fIXa,  =     1546 

EN   REPARAT  PETRVs  PRjESVL  AMORE  DeI.  =       1561 

Tempore  obsidii  Magdeburgensis  restauratio. 
InstItVIt  fratres  Vt  sIt  pIa  ManDra  Laborans,  =     1565 

ConVoCat  hVC  pVeros  et  faCIt  esse  sChoLaM.  =     1566 

Institutio  collegii,  schola,  bibliotheccz,  Mors. 
CoLLIgIt  InstItVIt,  refICIt  tVnC  bIbLIotheCaM  =     1569 

Seque  parat  hinc  Oavdrw,  dum  pia  fata  vocant 

The  last  page  is  filled  with  lamentation  verses  for  the  death  of  the 
before-mentioned  Petrus  Ulnerus,  *  archimandrite'  of  Parthenopolis 
(Magdeburg),  concluding  with  this  memorial  of  his  death — 

In  memorii  aeternH  erit  Justus  ab  auditione  mala  non  timebit. 
tertIa  septeMbrIs  CceLo  bIs  LVX  erat  orta  ) 

prasVL  Vt  VLnerVs  CceLICa  regna  sVbIt.  /  595 

Item  alia  ex  Isaiah  IviL  1,  2. 
VIrI  sanCtI  et  pII  Morte  CoLLIgVntVr,  et  reqVIesCVnt 
In  CVbILI  sVo.  =     1595 

The  writer  of  the  memorial  goes  on  to  express  his  true  sorrow,  and 
gives  the  date  of  the  year,  month,  and  day  of  the  death  of  Peter  Ulner 
in  this  *  distich,'  which  makes  playful  use  of  his  name. 

CIVIs,  petre  VLnere,  poLo  VenerabILIs  abbas,       )  _ 

SEXTA  VT  SEPTEMBER  LVCe  reLVCet,  orbIs.  /  595 

PETRO  PETRA  FUIT  CHRISTUS,  DAT  PETRA  QUIETEM, 
PETR0  PETRA  TRAHlT,  SIDERA  PETRUS  ADIT. 


OBERALTAICH  MONASTERY.  31 1 

THE  MONASTERY  OF  OBERALTAICH. 

A  book  in  my  possession  (40  pp.  628),  procured  at  Frankfort-on- 
Main,  bears  this  title :  '  Historischer  Entwurff  Der  im  Jahr 
tausend  siben  hundert  ein  und  dreyssig  tausend-jahrichen  Obern  AJten 
Aich/  etc.  etc  ;  or,  in  plain  English, 4  Historical  Sketch  made  in  1 731, 
the  thousandth  year  of  Ober-Alt-Aich ;  or  a  short  chronicle  of  the 
ancient  free  Bavarian  Benedictine  congregation,  under  the  title  of  the 
holy  angel  keepers,  the  incorporated  college  and  abbey  of  Ober-Alt- 
Aich  (Upper-old-oak),  in  Lower  Bavaria,  in  the  Bishopric  of  Regens- 
burg,  wherein  are  set  forth  in  five  parts,  not  *  only  the  founders, 
restorers,  and  abbots,  and  their  traditions,  rights,  and  privileges,  but 
also  the  miraculous  image  of  the  Virgin  Mary  being  brought  to  the 
sacred  Bogenberg;  .  .  .  besides  other  wonderful  things  which  have 
happened  there  in  the  last  1000  years.  By  ^Emilianus  Hemmauer, 
Ord.  S.  B.,  Professor  of  the  College,  and  Prior  in  1731.  Printed  at 
Straubing.'  This  verbose  title  renders  needless  any  further  description 
of  the  book,  except  to  mention  that  there  are  some  chronograms 
incidentally  mingled  with  the  narrative,  wherein  will  be  seen  some 
punning  allusions  to  the  Oak  or  Oak-tree  (the  name  of  the  monastery) ; 
there  are  also  two  examples  of  the  numerical  power  of  letters,  in  the 
cabalistic  use  of  them,  to  signify  the  date  of  certain  events.  The 
whole  work  is  in  German,  with  occasional  passages  in  Latin. 

The  introduction  is  in  the  form  of  a  praise  to  the  Trinity,  and  to 
God  the  '  Alpha  et  Omega,'  the  *  Principium  et  Finis/  the  Beginning 
and  the  End ;  and  it  leads  to  this  chronogram  verse,  marking  the 
1031st  year  of  the  existence  of  the  monastery — 

prInCIpIa  aC  MeDIa  en  tVa  sVnt,  Vn-trIne  trIVnVs.      =     1731 
oMnIa  na  tVa  sVnt,  CLaVsVLa  qVanDo  tVa  est.  =     1731 

i.e.  Lo  /  the  beginning  and  the  middle  are  thine,  O  thou  One  in  three, 
Thru  in  one  /    All  things  truly  are  thine  when  the  end  is  thine. 

'  And  all  voices  continually  proclaim ' — 
gLorIa  patrI,  et  fILIo,  et  spIrItVI  sanCto,  sICVt  erat  In 
prInCIpIo,    et    nVnC,    et    seMper,    et    In    sjeCLa    LoNGk 

iNFlNlTA.  as       1 731 

i.e.  Glory  be  to  the  Father,  and  to  the  Son,  and  to  the  Holy  Spirit,  as  it 
was  in  the  beginning,  so  it  is  now,  always,  and  for  endless  ages. 

This  is  followed  by  an  address  to  the  reader  by  the  author,  con- 
cluding with  these  words — 

Vt  In  lis  oMnIbVs  S0LV5  )  _      „ 

gLorIfICetVr  DeVs.  / ""     I731 

i.e.  So  that  in  all  these  things  God  alone  may  be  glorified. 

At  page  19,  the  history,  after  having  touched  on  the  pristine  con- 
dition of  the  locality,  and  noticed  the  foundation  of  the  monastery  in 
the  year  731,  arrives  at  the  one-thousandth  year  from  that  period, 
viz.  1731,  and  goes  on  thus  (the  italics  are,  of  course,  interpolations) — 


3" 


OBER-ALT-AICH  MONASTERY. 


Zwar  hefftig  offt  sausen  und  prausen  die  Wind, 
Doch  sich  unbeweglich  die  Aichen  noch  findt 
Semper  enixn  Quercus,  quae  quantum  vertice  ad  Auras 
^Etherias,  tantum  Radice  ad  Tartara  tendit 
i.e.  'As  the  Alpine  north  winds  by  their  blasts  strive  to  overturn  a 
sturdy  ancient  oak,  the  tree  itself  cleaves  fast  to  the  rocks,  and  as  high  as 
it  shoots  up  to  the  top  in  the  ethereal  regions,  so  deep  it  descends  with  its 
root  towards  Tartarus / — Virgil,  AEn.  iv.  444. 

Therefore  confess  with  David  in  all  humility,  Dass  taVsenD  \ 
Iahr  In  ober-aLt-aICh  Vor  gott,  aLs  VVIe  gestrIger>  =     1751 
tag,  Der  VorIber  gangen.  J 

MILLe  annI  qVerCVs  VeterIs,  Vt   DIes   hesterna,   qVa 

PRATERl  IT.  =1731 

i.e.  A  thousand  years  at  Ober-alt-akh  before  God  are  in  truth  but  as 

yesterday  past  and  gone. 

A  thousand  years  of  the  old-oak  are  but  as  yesterday  which  has  passed. 

The  same  is  expressed  by  a  double  Cabala  of  the  year  1731,  com- 
posed of  the  following  hexameter  and  pentameter  lines — 
Saecula  signarem  Centum  ?  quid  Numine  Coram  ? 

O !  velut  hesternus,  praeterifire,  dies ! 
This  is  the  key :  observe  that  each  letter  has  its  numerical  value — 
abcdefghiklmno    pqrstuwxy    z 

1     33     4     5     6     7     8     9109030405060708090  100  900  300  400  500  600 


Examen. 

s   90 

s   90   c     3 

Q    70  !  N    40 

c     3 

1 
0 

So 

V200 

H      8 

p   60 

D     4 

a     6 

i      9 

«     5 

U  200  •  U200 

?£ 

f     5 

e     5 

r    80 

1      9 

c     3 

g     7 

n   40 

1      9    m  30 

1  20 

s    90 

«     6 

e     5 

u  200 

n   40 

t  100 

d     4 

i      9 

a      1 

U200 

t   IOO 

t   IOO 

s    90 

1    20 

a      1 

11  200 

n   40 

m  30 

t   IOO 

e     5 

«     5 

a     1 

r    80 

e     5 
m  30 

m  30 

«      5 

r    80 
n   40 

U200 

r    80 
i      9 
e     5 

1 

s    90 

r    80 

1 

1 

e     5 

320 

262 

378 

a83 

3*4 

164 

1    50 

525 

618 

430 

108 

Summa. 

320 

So 

262 

5*5 

378 

618 

283 

43o 

3*4 

108 

164 

Summa  Summarum. 
173*  II  *73* 


OBER-ALT-AICH  MONASTERY.  313 

At  page  32  the  fifth  chapter  concludes  with  this  exclamation — 

fIat  reX  SiBCVLoRVM,  DeVs  soLVs!  =     1731 

At  page  201  it  is  related  that  in  the  year  13 15  (and  in  the  preced- 
ing year),  by  reason  of  excessive  wet  weather,  all  the  corn  in  Germany 
was  thoroughly  spoilt,  causing  great  famine,  sickness,  and.  death,  and 
it  was  feared  that  a  third  part  of  Germany  would  be  abandoned  by 
the  remaining  inhabitants.  The  particular  year  was  marked  by  this 
rhyming  hexameter  line,  the  last  word  containing  the  date,  every  letter 
being  a  numeral — 

Ut  lateat  nullum  tempus  famis,  ecce  CVCVLLVM.    =    13*5 
ie.  So  that  the  time  of  the  famine  may  not  be  forgotten,  behold  the  date 
in  the  word  cucullum. 

The  word  literally  means  'a  hood,'  or  'a  monk's  hood.'  It  has 
no  connection  with  the  event.  The  line  is  merely  epigrammatic  and 
meirorial,  having  a  single  word  in  the  form  of  a  chronogram,  to  be 
used  as  such  to  the  exclusion  of  a  similar  use  of  all  the  other  words 
in  the  line.  The  line,  therefore,  is  not  a  chronogram ;  it  is  only  a 
line  containing  a  word  to  aid  the  memory.  On  this  point  the  reader 
is  referred  to  my  book  on  Chronograms,  preface,  p.  ix,  -and  to  p.  12, 
where  a  similar  use  of  *  cucullum'  is  noticed 

At  page  413  it  is  related  at  the  end  of  the  chronicle  of  Abbot 
Benedictus,  who  was  the  forty-eighth  in  succession,  that  on  13th 
August  1699  Marcus,  a  Capucin  monk,  died.  He  was  a  friend  of  the 
abbot,  and  was  noted  for  his  piety  and  miraculous  powers;  the 
'  Emperor  Leopold  honoured  him  with  these  chronograms ' — 
patrI  Marco  De  aVIano  Vbro  IesV  serVo  reqVIes  et  LVX 
perpetVa.  sb     1699 

patrI  MarCo  ab  aVIano  CapVCIno  ConCIonatorI 
eVangeLICIs  VIrtVtIbVs  eXornato.  =     1699 

VIenna  AVsTRliE  In  oCVLo  DoMInI  sVI  sVaVIter 
eXpIrantI  =     1699 

LeopoLDVs  aVgVstVs,  aVgVsta  sVa,  fILIIqVe  McestI 
posVere.  =     1699 

i.e.  To  father  Marcus  of  Aviano,  a  true  servant  of  Jesus,  be  rest  and 
eternal  light  To  father  Marcus  of  Aviano,  a  Capucin  orator  adorned 
with  evangelical  virtues,  dying  calmly  under  the  eye  of  his  God,  at  Vienna 
in  Austria,  the  august  Leopold,  his  august  {spouse),  and  his  sorrowing 
sons,  have  placed  {this  memorial). 

At  page  426  it  is  mentioned  that,  in  the  year  17 19,  the  Electress 
of  Bavaria  erected  a  church  in  honour  of  St.  Clara,  and  it  is  remarked 
that  doubtless  she  would  follow  the  footsteps  of  that  saint,  and  of  St 
Barbara  and  other  holy  women.  Such  a  hope  is  expressed  in  this 
chronogram  verse — 

qVo  peDe  CcepIt  IbI,  sIC  qVoqVe  seMpb$  eat.  =     17 19 

i.c.  By  what  step  she  began  there,  so  by  that  may  she  always  go  I 

At  page  433.  In  the  year  1729  the  holy  and  costly  relics  which 
from  time  out  of  mind  had  been  collected  in  the  church  were  placed 

2  R 


I- 


er — 

!■ 

'/ 

lilous 

}■ 


45° 


314  OBER-ALT-AICH  MONASTERY. 

in  a  new  reliquary  adorned  with  silver ;  the  number  of  them  in  1630 
was  100,  but  they  were  subsequently  augmented  to  the  number  indi- 
cated by  this  verse — 

qVotqVot  sInt  QViBRVNT  saCra  In  aLtha  LIpsana,  tot  sVnt  )  = 
His  qVotqVot  Cernent,  VersIbVs  esse  Legant.  J  4 

The  increased  number  was  thus  expressed  by  another  writer— 
Was  Vor  heILLIge  Verehret  Vnser  aLte  aICh,  ) 

In  zVVen  Versen  hast  es  zVgLeICh.  j 

i.e.  They  ask  how  many  sacred  relics  there  are  at  Alt ;  there  areas 
many  as  they  may  perceive  and  read  to  be  in  these  verses. 

The  holy  things  that  our  *  Old-  Oak'  reveres  are  set  forth  in  two  verses. 
At  page  437.     In  the  year  1731  the  church  was  restored,  the 
towers  repaired,  and  all  the  altars,  sculptures,  and  decorations  were 
renovated,  as  shown  by  this  sentence l — 

reCeDant  Vetera:  noVa  sInt  oMnIa  )  _ 

In  sVperIorI  Ista  qVerCV.  J  ""     I731 

i.e.  Let  old  things  pass  away;  let  all  things  be  new  in  this  *  Upper-Oak* 
'Any  person  observing  this  monastery  within  and  without  would 
truly  say' — 

aLLes  1st  nVn  neV 

oDer  DoCh  \*=.     1 73 1 

VerneVet  WorDen. 
i.e.  All  is  now  new,  or  else  has  been  renewed. 
The  writer  of  the  chronicle  concludes  the  subject  with  this  remark, 
'  We  and  our  descendants  will  be  able  to  say,  as  in  old  days/ — 

eX  eo  beneDIXIt  eI.    Genesis  xxvi.  4.  )  ^ 

and  Inter  beneDICtos  beneDICetVr.   Ecclesiasticus  xxiv.  4.  J  x'3 

At  page  514  the  chronicler  acknowledges  that  the  Benedictines 
enjoy  God's  gifts  and  graces,  and  he  attributes  to  the  favour  of  the 
Virgin  Mary  much  of  their  prosperity,  and  offers  to  her  this  prayer — 

WIr  bItten 
VerbLeIbe  Vnser  LIebste  }>=     1731 

aLLergnaDIgIste  MVtter  ! 
i.e.  We  entreat  thee,  abide  our  most  beloved  and  all  gracious  mother! 

At  page  532  a  chapter  of  descriptive  panegyric  to  the  miraculous 
image  of  the  Virgin  contains  this  verse  from  an  ancient  hymn — 
VIrgo  sIngVLarIs 

LVCens  hIC  ab  arIs  ,  _ 

CVLpA  nos  soLVtos,  [~     *731 

MItes  taC,  et  Castos. 
i.e.  O  singular  (or  extraordinary)  Virgin  shining  herefrom  thine  altars, 
make  us  free  from  sin,  mild,  and  pure. 

At  page  547  we  arrive  at  another  cabala.  It  relates  to  '  Albertus,' 
whose  history  is  given  in  several  chapters,  and  we  learn  that  after  having 

1  The  first  line  of  the  chronogram  is  an  unacknowledged  adaptation  of  the  words  in 
Revelation  xxi.  4,  5 — '  The  former  things  are  passed  away.    Behold  I  make  all  things  new.* 


OBER-ALT-AICH  MONASTER  Y. 


3*5 


passed  many  years  in  extravagant  expenditure  and  riotous  living,  he 
became  converted,  and  was  received  into  the  monastery  by  the  good 
Abbot  Poppo,  who  reigned  from  the  year  1260  to  1282.  Albert  had 
been  compared,  on  account  of  his  bad  life,  to  a  raven,  a  black  bird ; 
the  writer  of  the  chronicle,  taking  this  as  his  theme,  composed  the 
following  cabalistic  epigram,  the  words  of  which  make  the  date  of  the 
current  year  1731  (not  the  date  of  Albert's  conversion),  according  to 
the  usual  key,  which  is  given  at  page  312  atite. 

En  subit6  monachum,  Veneris,  Bacchique  Philekma  l1 

O  jam  mollis  olor,  qui  mod6  corvus  erat ! 
i.e.  Behold!  suddenly  he  is  a  monk9  who  was  a  companion  of  Venus 
and  Bacchus  I  O  what  a  delightful  odour  from  him  who  but  just  now 
was  a  raven? 


Examen. 

*  5 

s   90 

M   30 

V200 

B       2 

p  60 

0   50 

M30 

0  50 

Q    70    M  30 

c     3 

E     o5 

1140 

u  200 

0   50 

«     5 

a      1 

h     8 

1      9 

0  50  1  20 

u  200 

0  50 

?£ 

r    80 

b     2 

n   40 

n   40 

c     3 

1      9 

a      1 

1  20  0  50 

1      9 

d    4 

a      1 

i      9 

a      1 

e     5 

h  I 

1    20 

m  30 

1  20 

r  80 

0  50 

▼  200 

t  100 

t  100 

c     3 

r    80 

e     5 

i     9 

U200 

0    50 

h     8 
u  200 
m  30 

1      9 
s    90 

1      9 

q  70 

U  200 

e     5 

k    10 
m  30 
a      1 

1 

s  90 

s    90 

45 

45 « 

362 

429 

30i 

143 

!    90 

219 

200 

279 

134 

623 

186 

Summa. 

45 

90 

451 

219 

362 

200 

429 

279 

301 

134 

143 

623 

186 

Summa  Summarum 

1731 

1  i73i 

1  There  is  no  such  word  as  '  Philekma ;'  it  is  an  expression  constructed  by  the  chronicler, 
meaning  0&wca=:osculum,  and  which  is  sufficiently  translated  here  as  '  companion.'  The 
letter  K  is  inserted  ingeniously  enough  to  get  the  required  numeral,  10. 

*  The  word  '  olor7  has  a  double  signification ;  in  the  translation  I  have  taken  the  mean- 
ing to  be  the  'odour  of  sanctity '  attributed  to  Albertus;  the  word  also  means  'a  swan/ 
whose  white  colour  may  be  typical  of  the  purity  of  conduct  of  this^ reformed  monk,  in  com- 
parison with  that  of  his  earlier  life. 


■  1 


3 16  OBER-ALTAICH  MONASTER  F. 

Some  short  verses  follow  in  the  German  language,  concluding 
with  this  chronogram— 

nVn  ) 

DIse  VeranDrrVng  aLbertI  J  __ 

1st  I  a  eIn  Werk  gottLICher  (  73 

hanDe?  J 

i.e.  Now  is  not  this  conversion  of  Albert  certainly  a  work  of  the  divine 
hand? 

According  to  the  narrative,  which  fills  the  remainder  of  the  book, 
prodigies  happened,  and  miracles  were  wrought  by  Albert,  or  through 
the  influence  of  his  relics,  after  he  died 

At  page  557  this  wholesome  maxim,  adapted  from  the  words  of 
Ovid,  is  introduced  with  reference  to  the  career  of  Albert — 

prInCIpIIs  nI  obsIs,  tIbI  VIX  MeDICIna  paratVr.       =     1731 
i.e.  Unless  you  resist  the  first  advances,  hardly  is  there  any  remedy 
provided  for  you. 

There  are  no  more  chronograms  to  demand  any  further  extracts 
from  this  curious  chronicle. 


UNIVERSITIES. 

fOME  of  the  universities  on  the  continent  of  Europe 
commemorated  their  foundation,  and  the  conferring  of 
academical  honours  and  degrees  on  their  deserving 
members,  by  elaborate  compositions  in  chronogram.  To 
almost  every  cathedral  and  monastery  of  Europe  there 
had  been,  from  a  very  early  period,  attached  schools,  in  which  all 
candidates  for  priestly  orders,  and  such  laymen  as  could  afford  it, 
were  educated.  These  institutions,  in  the  course  of  several  centuries, 
acquired  for  themselves  fixed  privileges,  and  under  the  assistance 
rendered  by  influential  personages  developed  into  independent 
universities.  Their  growth  throughout  Europe  was  rapid,  and 
especially  so  in  Germany,  where  they  became  numerous ;  and  it  is 
probably  owing  to  the  literary  tastes  fostered  in  the  Germanic  univer- 
sities, that  we  are  indebted  for  the  contents  of  this  chapter  ;  not  that 
the  talents  of  the  members  were  confined  only  to  the  particular  com- 
positions here  to  be  noticed,  but  we  are  led  by  them  and  similar  works 
to  recognise  their  influence  in  the  greater  part  of  the  chronogram- 
matic  literature  which  fills  my  two  volumes. 

WVRZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

A  tract,  folio  size,  in  my  possession  x  relating  to  the  University  of 
Jf-\  Wiirzburg,  on  the  occasion  when  the  Reverend  Georgius  Haan, 
of  the  Society  of  Jesus,  '  crowned '  four  members  thereof,  or,  as  we 
should  >ay,  conferred  on  them  the  degree  of  Doctor,  on  26th  June 
1691.  The  title  commences,  '  Domus  Sapientle  quatuor  nobilissimis 
Columnis  recenter  aucta,  solidata,  illustrata,  quando  reverendus  in 


1  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy. 


3i8  WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

Christo  pater  P.  Georgius  Haan  e  societate  Jesu  .  .  *  coronavit,'  etc 
etc.  26  Junii  mdclxxxxi.  Printed  at  Wurzburg.  The  merits  of 
the  four  Doctors  are  set  forth  in  Latin  poems,  accompanied  by  poems 
in  short  metre,  the  lines  of  which  are  arranged  so  as  to  form  the 
shape  of  four  columns,  or  pillars  with  capital  and  base.  All  the 
printing  is  more  or  less  in  fancifully  arranged  lines,  and  allusions  to 
the  pillars  of  Hercules  are  obviously  introduced. 

The  only  chronograms  occur  at  the  end  of  the  tract,  where  it 
concludes  with  *  Lusus  chronogrammaticus.'  This  consists  of  addresses 
in  epigram  to  the  c  Promotor '  by  name,  and  in  like  manner  to  each 
of  the  new  '  Doctors '  under  their  figurative  position  as  the  four  pillars 
of  the  university.  Playful  use  is  made  of  all  their  names  in  the 
epigrams,  and  the  chronograms  are. reserved  to  do  playful  honour  to 
the  '  Promotor '  and  to  all  the  Doctors  in  one  group.  I  transcribe  the 
epigrams. 

To  the  Promotor  George  Haan.     (Alias  Gallus,  a  Cock) — 
Fcrgere  plus  ultra  poteras  de  jure  Georgia 

Sed  te  stare  loco  fixa  trophaa  jubent 
To  the  Doctor  Philip  Braun— 
Cur  tibi  Thejosophum  placet  ultima  gloria,  Epomis  t 

Ilia  super  cunctos  eminuisse  facit 

To  the  Doctor  Peter  Scharpff.    (Alias  a  Shaft  or  Pillar)— 
Si  petrosa  domus  quatuor  stat  fixa  columnis  ; 

Quae  supra  Petram  hanc  esse  Columna  potest? 
To  the  Doctor  John  Vogel.     (Alias  a  Bird,  or  Cock) — 
Cantavit  Gallus  ;  certas  cantando  Joannes  ; 

Si  rait  hie  Doctor,  tu  quoque  Doctor  eris. 
To  the  Doctor  John  Nicolas  Schmidt    (Alias  a  Smith) — 
Non  sum  Af armor,  ais ;  verhra  aurea  lamina  Fabri ; 

Credo ;  sub  hoc  radiant  aurea  tecta  Fabro. 

Epigraphe  chronologica. 
To  the  reverend  '  Promotor  Haan ' — 
sVrreXIt  petrVs,  gaLLo  Cantante,  CoLVMna  :  1—6 

His  gaLLVs  CeCInIt,  sVnt  In  honore  petrI.  J  x  9I 

To  all  the  Doctors  together — 
tVta  stat  His  qVatVor  sapIentIa  nIXa  CoLVMnIs,  )  - 

qVas  non  postbrItas  perDere  sera  potest.  J  * 

FINIS. 

A  tract  in  my  possession,1  printed  at  Wurzburg  in  1700,  may  be 
^/\  called  in  English  '  May-wreaths  placed  on  learned  heads,'  on 
the  occasion  when  Philip  Braun,  Doctor  of  Divinity,  etc.  etc.,  at  the 
University  of  Wurzburg,  crowned  four  distinguished  members  thereof, 

1  Probably  rare ;  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy. 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 


3*9 


conferring  upon  them  the  degree  of  Doctor.  This  Philip  Braun  was, 
doubtless,  the  same  who  took  his  degree,  as  we  are  told  in  the  fore- 
going extract,  and  now  conferred  the  same  degree  on  others.  The 
tract  consists  of  twenty-four  pages  folio,  and  contains  Latin  poems 
and  odes  such  as  the  *  Muses  of  Rhetoric '  of  the  university  were  wont 
to  put  forth  in  print  on  similar  festive  occasions,  and  with  such 
remarkable  variety  of  poetic  imagery ;  in  this  instance  they  are  mostly 
composed  in  chronogram,  coupled  with  the  allegory  of  '  Wreaths,'  as 
appropriate  to  May,  a  month  sacred  to  the  goddess  Flora.  The 
title  commences  and  concludes  thus — 

4  COROLLjE   MA/ALES  doctis  verticibus  impositae    .    .    . 
oblate  A  Musis  Rhetorics  Herbipolensis  50  die  Maii,  Anno  1700.' 

The  work  commences  with  a  poetical  address  to  the  goddess  Flora 
in  plain  hexameters,  with  this  chronogrammatic  rhyming  conclusion — 
eIa  VIrgo  beLLa  LaVro,  \ 

tInnVLoqVe  sVaVIs  aVro, 

e  Canoro  nata  Monte,  v=     1700 

garrVLoqVe  Lota  fonte, 

Carpe  pLeCtro  barbIton  I 
Lude  Prosphoneticon  ad  Divam.    Gratulare  votis  meis ! 

Musa  Floram  invitat. 
VIta  VernIs  spIrat  hortIs, 
fLore  tortIs  panDa  portIs 

terra  sVrgIt;  pVrIores  y=*     1700 

faVsta  fVnDIt  aVra  rores. 

fLora  nobIs  aDVoLa! 
CVrsItant  per  arVa  DaVnI, 
spIssa  per  VItrea  faVnI; 

pars  ConIsCat  fronte  beLLa;  y=i     1700 

fVste  pars  InIt  DVeLLa; 

FlCTA  PVGNANT  PRjELIa. 

CarMInatos  Ipsa  VILLos, 

et  poLItVLos  CapILLos 

naIs  ornat,  sVeta  gerrIs,  V=     1700 

fabVLosIs  SjBpe  qVerrIs 

pLana  VeXat  LIttora. 
tVrba  pontI,  qVm  profVnDas 
tVnsa  pInnIs  Inter  VnDas 

hasItans  et  branChIata  y=     1700 

Len&  repIt,  apparata 

eXhIbet  trIpVDIa. 
LIberaLIs  fLorVLentA 
sIstIt  annVs  In  IWenta. 

Ipse  steLLas  CLarIore  ^=     1700 

phcebVs  osCVLatVr  ore; 

festa  sVnt  MaIaLIa! 

Flora  nobis  advola. 


}■ 


320  WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

Next  follow  the  'May-wreaths/  with  poetry  addressed  to  the 
4  Promoter '  and  to  the  Doctors  who  are  crowned. 

The  first  is  the  Hyacinth  wreath,  *  Corolla  Majalis  prima, 
Jacinthina/  for  the  'Promoter/  Dr.  Philippus  Braun.  This  one 
contains  no  chronograms. 

The  second  is  the  Lily  wreath,  *  Corolla  Majalis  secunda,  Liliata,' 

for  Dr.  Joannes  Bernardus  Mayer.   This  one  contains  no  chronograms. 

The  third  is  the  Tulip  wreath,  *  Corolla  Majalis  tertia,  variegate, 

ex  Tulipis,'  for  Dr.  Joannes  Georgius  Fries,  commencing  thus  in 

rhyme — 

Hespcretusa  laudat  corollam  suatn. 
beLLa  tIMantIs  fVerIt  pateLLa  : 
beLLIor  zeVXIs  fVerIt  tabeLLA:  >=_ 

NON  PLACENT:   LONGE  TVLIPiE   PRiElBVNT:  '  ' 

ISTA  PERlBVNT. 

en,  Vt  effVLgent  patVLo  nItore!  \ 

en,  Vt  eXCVLto  VarIant  CoLoreI  (  _ 

qVIs  potest  faMA  foLICata  ferre  (  ' 

PALLIA  TERRjE?  * 

SPORTVLiB  RORls,   sItVLjEQVe  LONGiE; 

et  tIgres  MaII,  zephyrIqVe  CoNCHiE; 

VERlS   EXPANSiE  TRABEiE;  TENELLI  '  ' 

rVrIs  oCeLLI  ! 
paVo  prjeLongIs  VIbret  In  speCILLIs; 
fVLgeat  pICtIs  VenVs  In  CapILLIs,  .__ 

Vos  noVI  fLores  MIhI  rarIores  '  7 

estIs  honores! 
The  fourth  is  the  Stellaria,  or  Stitchwort  wreath,  ^Corolla  Majalis 
quarta    stellea,   ex   herbis    Stellariis,'  for    Dr.    Adamus    Conradus 
Reibelt    Commencing  thus  in  rhyme — 

Flora  amulam  cceli  corollam  laudat. 
LVna  se  VeLat,  fVgIVnt  et  astra; 
pVLsa  sVnt  CceLo  tVa  phcebe,  Castra,  >s= 

qVanDo  nVnC  terrIs  renItent  DeCores       f  ' 

nobILIores. 

STELLVLiE  PRATl,   VlRlDES  PLANETiE, 

Inter  hortenses  soCIas  VIgete!  v 

bLanDIVs  CrIspA  reVIrete  LaVro,  (  7 

CLarIVs  aVro  ! 
terra  Vos  VernIs  generaVIt  annIs; 
fLora  forMaVIt,  tenerosqVe  pannIs  .  _ 

sepsIt,  et  gratI  Dea  sponsa  partVs  (  7 

VInCIIt  artVs. 
o  qVIs,  o  qVantVs  VIror  est  In  ore! 
phcebe,  non  aVDes  fIDIbVs  Canore  .  t 

asseqVI  frontIs  LepIDos  nItores,  (  ' 

VerIs  honores! 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY.  321 


!■ 


I700 


The  fifth  is  the  Rose  wreath, '  Corolla  Majalis  quinta,  regia,  ex  rosa 
regina  riorum/  for  Dr.  Joannes  Casparus  Christianus  Papius.     Com- 
mencing thus  (observe,  the  rose  of  Psestum  is  mentioned) — 
Zephyrus  Reginam  suam  laudat. 
LVX  soLI,  fLorjB  DeCVs,  et  Corona 
te  pIo  nVtV,  faCIeqVe  pronA 
DIVa  gens  hortI  CoLIt!  o  beatI 

fILIa  pratI ! 
phosphorVs  sVDA  VenIens  qVaDrIgA  \ 

VILet,  et  fessA  Vaga  LVna  bIgA  ( 

sqVaLLet,  et  pr^stans  rVtILante  C0LL0      ( "~     I'°° 

paLLet  apoLLo.     ) 
et  tarentInIs  sVa  sInt  VIreta;  \ 

sIntqVe  PiESTANls  sVa  LI  LI  eta  ;  f  _ 

soLa  Me  segreX  satIas  tVo  re-  I  ~"     I'°° 

-gIna  pVDore.  ) 

O   BONl   PRiESTENT  GENII,   POLVsqVe  ;  \ 

Vt  tener  fLos  sIt  tIbI  bVLbVLVsqVe,  (  _ 

Chara,  qVI  patrIs  reCreet  geMeLLIs  f~"     I^°° 

ora  LabeLLIs.  J 

The  tract  concludes  at  page  twenty-four  with  a  Greek  chronogram, 
and  a  Latin  translation  thereof,  also  in  chronogram — 
Votum  Gracochronometricum. 
rUv  AoScu/  Kc4>aAH  nalAEvrau/  AHi/  AlaTHPHI.     }  [_ 
Uav  tE  dEI  XAoaHI  twIAE  MAovtI  All.  )  ""     I7°° 

Idem  Latine  redditum. 
DoCtoraLe  CapVt  VIrIDes  hos  serVet  honores  ;  )  _ 

CVnCtaqVe  sIC  VIreat  LVstra  VoLente  IoVe!  j  ""     I7°° 

The  same  done  into  English — 
May  the  Dodorial  head  preserve  these  verdant  honours ;  so,  God  will- 
ing* may  it  flourish  through  all  time  I 

This  Greek  chronogram  cannot  be  put  on  the  same  level  of  merit 
with  any  good  Latin  chronogram,  for  this  reason ;  all  the  letters  of 
the  Greek  alphabet  being  numerals,  it  is  needful  to  omit  from  the 
reckoning  several  of  the  letters  contained  in  the  chronogram  sentence, 
and  to  use  only  sufficient  of  them  to  make  the  intended  date.  The 
original,  moreover,  is  incorrectly  printed;  the  large  letters  therein 
make  only  940, 1  have  therefore  ventured  to  make  the  needful  correc- 
tion, by  printing  more  capital  letters  to  make  the  intended  date  1700. 
I  have  added  the  Greek  alphabet  numerals  so  far  as  they  are 
within  the  compass  of  this  chronogram,  so  that  the  reader  may  test  it 
without  trouble.  • 

a/Jy8*s{i/0i#cA/*v£ofl-7p    <r   t    v   <f>   \    \p  <a 

1     2      3     45     67     8     9  10  20    30    40  50  60  70  80    90  100  200300400500600700800 

It  must  be  obvious  to  a  careful  observer,  that  a  Greek  chronogram 
cannot  be  constructed  on  the  same  basis  as  a  Latin  one,  where  only 
certain  well-ascertained  letters  can  be  used,  and  all  such  letters  in  the 

2  s 


322  WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

sentence  must  be  used.  The  sum-total  required  for  the  above  Greek 
chronogram  might  be  arrived  at  by  some  other  selection  of  letters  in 
the  same  sentence,  but  there  would  be  no  defined  means  for  detecting 
error  of  intended  date  by  misprint  or  otherwise.  The  same  remarks 
will  apply  to  chronograms  in  the  Hebrew  or  Arabic  languages. 

A  tract  in  my  possession,1  printed  at  Wiirzburg  in  1 703,  may  be 
jf\  called,  in  English,  'The  new  year  of  the  great  Emperor  Leopold, 
happy  and  glorious  for  the  three  laureated  men,  when  the  most  noble 
and  reverend  John  Blasius  Weigandt,  professor  at  the  university  of 
Wiirzburg,  bestowed  upon  them  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  both  laws,' 
etc.  ...  in  the  year  1 703.  The  title-page  is  long  and  complex.  It 
contains  chronograms,  and  commences  and  concludes  thus — 
<  NO  FUS  ANNUS 
LeopoLDI  MagnI  CesarIs  =    1703 

in  triumviris  laureatis  ter  felix  et  gloriosus,  quando  nobilissimus  .  .  . 
Joannes  Blasius  Weigandt  .  .  .  [here  are  the  names  and  titles  of  the 
*  triumvhV],  in  alma  Herbipolensium  universitate  ritu  majorum 
solenni  Juris  utriusque 

DoCtoraLI  strenA  \jexk  IMpertIebat,  =     1703 

Festo  carmine  decantatus  a  Rhetorica  Herbipolensi  tempore,  quo 
Romano  Imperio,  gravissimus  post  Orbem  conditum  bellis  implicito, 

Magna  MoLIs  erIt,  roManaM  ConDere  genteM        =     5652 
[the  next  line  explains  this  date], 
Est  annus  a  Mundo  condito  quinquies  millesimus  sexcentesimus, 
quinquagesimus   secundus,  juxta  computum  calendar iL'    [/>.  Anno 
tnundi  5652,  according  to  one  mode  of  computation]. 

It  may  be  inferred  from  the  poems  which  fill  the  tract  that  the  year 
1703  was  one  of  good  omen  to  the  German  Emperor  (Emperor  of  the 
Holy  Roman  Empire),  and  through  him  to  the  university  of 
Wiirzburg.  The  day  and  month  of  that  year  are  not  mentioned;  but 
it  may  be  gathered  from  the  first  words  of  the  title-page,  and  the  use 
of  the  word  'strena'  (meaning  a  new  year's  gift)  in  the  second 
chronogram,  that  the  time  was  the  month  of  January.  The  writers  of 
the  tract  have  carefully  avoided  the  mention  of  any  date  in  simple 
figures.  That  the  year  was  1703  is  evident  from  the  chronograms. 
The  period  is  enigmatically  indicated  in  the  following  epigram,  which 
occupies  the  back  of  the  title-page.  The  reader  has  to  discover  it 
by  reference  to  the  Roman  Calendar  and  the  rules  for  finding  the 
Golden  Number  of  the  year. 


1  I  believe  a  rare  one ;  for,  unfortunately,  as  will  presently  appear,  I  do  not  know  of  any 
other  copy. 


f 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY.  3*3 

Epigramma  ad  Lectorem 
de  die  et  ann<5  in  quern  promotio  trium  Doctorum  incidit. 

Octavam  sequitur,  decimi  prior,  ilia  Calendis 
Lux  triplici  melior  nomine  Jane,  tuis, 
ftSSjf  w*a  Qu&  tres  Phoebeii  decerpet  ab  arbore  Lauros 

T*~~    ""  D'  Jam  novies*  simili  dives  honore  manus, 

Imponetque  Tribus,**  qu&s  si  superadditur  unus, 
£IF5SM  Aureus  est  Anni,  quern  canimus,  Numerus. 

Omnia  cum  tria  sint,  anno,  quo  promovet  unus, 
Aureus  et  felix  hie  Tribus  Annus  erit. 
[This  puzzle  tells  us  that  the  <  Promoter'  has  promoted  9  times.  He 
has  now  promoted  3  doctors,  and  1  year  added  makes  13.  That  number 
is  the  Golden  Number  of  the  year  1703.  The  number,  so  called  from  its 
having  been  formerly  written  in  golden  letters  in  the  almanacs,  is  the 
year  of  the  cycle  ofig  years  in  which  the  current  year  falls.  To  find 
it,  add  1  to  the  year  of  the  Christian  era,  and  divide  by  19/  the 
remainder  is  the  Golden  Number  of  the  year  ;  but  if  there  be  no  remainder, 
then  19  is  the  Golden  Number.  The  subject  is  a  complex  one.  See 
Handy  Book  of  Rules  for  verifying  Dates.    By  John  Bond.    pp.  114- 

I24J. 

The  first  poem  is  an  address  by  Janus  (January)  to  Phoebus  in 

Latin  hexameters,  the  last  line  being  a  chronogram. 

tVM  sVper  aXe  noWs  feLIX  DesCrIbItVr  annVs.      =     1703 

The  Roman  emperor,  Julius  Caesar,1  is,  in  imagination,  brought 

into  the  scene  in  an  epigram.     He  is  mixed  up  with  the  German 

emperor,  with  the  'Promoter'  on  the  present  ceremonial  occasion, 

and  with  the  three  new  doctors  in  a  chronogrammatic  address,  which 

I  transcribe  as  it  stands  in  the  original.     This  title  precedes  the 

address — 

C.  Julius  Caesar  post  triumphos  innumeros  et  lustratum  victoriis 

Orbem,  hinc  laboribus,  inde  viginti  tribus  conjuratorum  telis  confectus 

suae  se  involvit  purpuras,    et    quiescit,    succedentibus    in    Imperio 

Triumviris. 

orItVr,  qVanDo  oCCIDIt, 

ConfeCtVs  beLLIs, 

et  hostILI  senatVs  InfensI  ferro  V=     1703 

IVLIVs ! 

feLIX  honorIs  hostIa. 

IaCens  aD  araM  gLorLe  )  __ 

In  ostro  Latet,  /  '  3 

Vt  In  VItje  oCCasV  \ 

CROCEOS   NOViE  AVRORiE   CoLORES   PlNGERET,  f  = 

fe  qVIbVs  serenIorIs  noMInIs  t  '  3 

HORiE  AVREiE   NASCERENTVR.  ) 

1  Caesar  is  the  ordinary  Latin  word  in  these  and  other  similar  compositions  to  signify  the 
Emperor  =  '  Kaiser '  or  •  Czar,*  etc. 


3*4 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 


NON  ENlM   SER6  RVBENS  iETHER 

aVt  pLWIas, 

aVt  InDeCoras  heroInIs  VIrtVtIbVs  nVbes  parIt. 

SiEPE  taLIs  CoLor  est  granDe  MaIestatIs 

aMpLIfICaNDjE   PARELION. 

hanC  refLeXo  In  trIVMVIros  raDIo  sparsIt, 
post  pata  In  trIbVs 

TERRjE   FRiENA   REG  ENS, 

qVjE  VIVens  Vno  robore  gesserat 

tanto  qvippe  atlantl 

tres  sVCCeDere  herCVLes  oportebat, 

Vt  qVIa  pro  trIbVs 

soLVs  DICtator  stetIt  Cjesar, 

tres  pro  Vno 

orbIs  regna  sVstInerent. 

pVrpVile  sVje  IMpLICItVs 

DVX  InsIgnIs  qVIeVIt, 

1Mb  tVnC  eXpLICaVIt 

sIgna  rosea; 

sVb  qVjE  LaVreata  trIas 

et  trIpartIta  teLLVs 

Leges  regnIs  aCCeptVra  properaret. 

GbsareM  fInIs  Iste  DeCebat: 

VIVere,  et  seMper  VInCere  In  pVrpVra, 

In  qVA  eXpIranDo, 

ab  Ipso  fVnere  gLorIose  respIraret. 

non  VLtrA  sVb  rosIs  Latere  LICebIt: 

naM  LVCIs  eXpers  non  est 

VernantIs  ostrI  ILLVstrIs  LVCVs; 

Isto  DVM  Inter  spInosos  ICtVs 

IVLIVs  tegItVr, 

noVI  honorIs  InsIgnIa  reteXIt. 

o  nobILe  InVoLVCrVM  trabea! 

CVI  soLI  sese  InVoLVVnt  prInCIpes, 

orbIs  sCeptra  VoLVentes  ! 
o  fortVnata  In  ostro  regaLI  otIa  ! 

QViE  DII  et  honor  parIVnt! 

ferIjE  taLes  post  fata  atqVe  faCta 

IVCVnOe  sVnt, 

LaVreIs  CasareIs  fertILes, 

perennIs  gLorLe  feraCes 

NE  MlRARE,    De   PRInCIpE,    CiESARE, 

MagnIfICo    DoCtorI, 

ET     PROMOTORl 

ter    CLaro,    ter    gLorIoso 

TANTA   DEFERRl. 

h&C  Mra  fIgIto  JDICta.     Virgil,  JEn.  x.  103. 

CiESAR     ES 

non  e  soLIo  Leges  et  IMperIa  ferre,  seD 


}= 


I- 

}= 


1703 

1703 
1703 


►  =  1703 

>=  1703 

=  1703 

*=  1703 

=  1703 

'=  1703 

'=  1703 

=  1703 

>  =  1703 

►=  1703 


1703 
1703 

1703 

1703 
1703 


r 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 


32S 


*  Smmiarem 
annum  untvtr- 


••  Antekanc 


viginti  Doaorei 
ect»  tHversis 
vicibus  crtavit 
D.  Prpmttor. 

•••  J.  Casar 

oaidit. 


k  CoDICe  IMperatorIo  :  =     1703 

aCaDeMICIs  sapIenter  =     1703 

k  CatheDra  proferre  soLItVs 

annorVM  trIgInta  qVatVor  spatIo 

In  profess VrA  y=     1703 

anno  tertIo 
3qVe  4qVe  beatVs. 

CiESAR   ES,   NON   ENSE  LETHlFERO,  .   _ 

seD  LIbro  eMInens  j  ""     l7°3 

eX  VtroqVe  enIM  sIgno  hoC, 
VeL  CERTfe  eX  aLterVtro, 
et  prIsCA,  et  haC  jETATE  NOSTRA  i  ~~      I7°3 

CiESARES  SALVTANTVR. 

IVLIVs  es 
ab  VnIVersItate  IVLIo-DVCaLI 

EOiE   FRANCIjE1  ^=       1703 

bIna  In  ea  SjbCVLa  aperIens 
et  sCHoLiE*  et  orbIs  fVnDatL 

ITA  *  ~i- 

aLterA  C  LItterA  aD  noMen  posItA:  j  ""     I'0^ 

C.    I.    CiESAR  ) 

est  proMotor  trIaDIs.  J  ""     l<°3 

CVI  neC  sVa  pVrpVra,  ) 

neC  VVLnera  DesVnt,  >=     1703 
qVIbVs  LIteratI  CiESARES  DoCtor  soLent  InsIgnIrI.     j 

si  taMen  VVLnera  VoCare  LICebIt,  \ 

QViE  si  saVCIant,  f  _ 

CLara  reLInqVVnt  tIbI  (  ~     l7°3 

aLtIorIs  honorIs  VestIgIa.  ) 

aDaMas  non  iNsClTk  apeLLaberIs,  =     1703 

qVI  sCaLpro  artIfICIs  SiEPlVs  LiEsVs  et  poLItVs,  )  __ 

eX  sIgILLI  IMagIne  pVLChrIor  gLorIatVr.  f  -     ^°3 

IDeo  LaborIbVs 
pro  Deo,  prInCIpIbVs,  et  franConLe  patrIa 

CeV  teLIs  r-     ll°3 
ICtVs  fVIstI  IVrIs-ConsVLtVs. 

SjEPE   COPIOSA   CELEBRIS   eLoqVeNtIjE  VENA 

In  herbIpoLensI  theatro  gLorLe  IngenIosa 

tIbI  pLagA,  aperta  stetIt  v=     1703 

k  qVa  tyrII  sangVInIs  gVttjE  DestILLArVnt, 

Vt  DoCtores  pIngeres. 

VIgIntI** 

Chara  HiEC  negotIa  faCessIVerant  : 

hIs  neCte  ^=     1703 

trIVMVIros, 
et  In  VIgIntI  trIbVs  Cesarea***  VVLnera  reCenses^ 


1  />.  Francbe  Orientalis  =  Franconia. 


326  WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

eX  hIs  fontIbVs  ) 

si  tantVM  In  aLIos  pVrpVreI  spLenDorIs  fLVXIt.      j  '  3 

qVanto  LVMIne,  non  eXtIngVenDo  \ 

sol  noster  ivli,  (  = 

TER  ET    VlGESlES  PVRPVRATE  f  '    3 

RESPlRABlst  ) 

In  epoMIDIs  ConChA  =     1703 

eLeCta  Deges  et  LegerIs  posterIs  >  _ 

MargarIta.  j~     I7°3 

non  In  ostro  eLegante  ConDIta  LatebIt  faMa,  =     1703  j 

Lar£  CeLebrabItVr,  ^  I 

ET    CiESAR 
POST     CORONATOS     TRlVMVlROS 

novos   annos  )■:=     1703 

pVrpVra  sCrIbere, 
et  orIentIs  Instar  phcebI  VIVere 

InCIpIet  gLorIosos. 
Ita   proMotorI,    DoCtorI    preCor.  =     1703 

At  page  14  the  *  Annus  Novus '  is  made  to  do  honour  in  epigram, 
chronogram,  and  odes,  to  Andreas  Hoffman,  the  first  of  the  three 
crowned  doctors ;  an  epigram  to  Augustus  on  his  closing  the  doors  of 
the  belligerent  god  Janus,  at  the  return  of  universal  peace  to  the 
world ;  followed  by  a  symbolic  allusion  to  the  three  suns  which  were 
seen  at  Rome  in  the  time  of  the  Emperor  Augustus,  and  were 
regarded  as  a  thrice  happy  omen ;  and  this  motto  '  Tres  portendunt 
aurea  soles  Temporal  The  chronograms  then  follow,  alluding  to  all 
these  subjects — 

aVt  CgeLVM  patItVr  \ 

phcebos  DVos  f  _ 

et  paterno  non  VnVs  phaeton  f  ~"     I'°3 

VehItVr  qVIetVs  throno;  ) 

aVt  bIfrons  IanVs  \ 

In  soLIs  InnoVatI  spLenDoreM  >=     1703 

VVLtV  VtroqVe  transIVIt.  ) 

ERRO 

trIsMegIstVs    tItan    est:  \ 

aVgVsto,  portentI  Ignaro,  VIsVs,  (  _ 

In  DoCtore  aVgVsto  f "~     1^°^ 

raro  IVbare  refVLgens.  ) 

sIC  geMInant  raDIosas  faCes.  =     1703 

VIrtVs,  sCIentIa,  et  gLorIa, 
trIpLICIs  soLIs 
In  LaVreato  VertICe  ^=     1703 

ter  feLIX  phcenoMenon 
Lato  aVgVrIo  fertILe, 


r 


*FuUD.Neo. 
Doctor 


ctlrissimo  in 

Arctm. 

Afarianam 


Parotkus 

Gemunda. 

—  Arx  Herbip. 

a  patrocinio  et 

Stahtd  B.  M.  V. 

deauratd,  sum- 

m*o  tjusfi 

itmpositd 

dititur 

Mariana. 


WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

nItebas  In  Ipsa  sortIs  tVm  aVrora 

LVCe  Ita  perfeCta, 

Vt  aqVILInos, 

gryphI  CeLsIssIMI  patrIas  terras  LVstrantIs 

oCVLos  non  effVgeres. 

tVnC  qVIppe  Inter  VItIfera  terr^e  fronDentIs  JVga 

noVo  fVLgore  eXerens  MentIs  JVbar 

et  orIebarIs  apoLLo, 
et,  non  steLLeos  seD  anIMatos  greges 

JETHEREO   DoCTRlNiE   RORE 
PER   MCENl  l  ET  GRATliE   FONTES   PASCEBAS* 

aLter,  eXIn,  atqVe  aLtIor 

In  arCe  franConI^e  prInCIpe 

sVb**  MarIano  regIn^  ILLVstrIs  astro 

soL  ILLVXIstI. 

qVI  LVMen  RARiE  VIrtVtIs,  spargIt: 

(hoc  planets  est) 

qVI  oraCVLa 

Inter  saCrI  ConsILII  angeLos 

enVntIat 

(Ista  phcebI  sVnt) 

Io! 

tertIVs  In  te  soL  a  sapIentIa  pIngItVr, 

renoVantVrqVe  proDIgIa 

herbIpoLI,2 

qVm  SOLIVs  ROMiE  esse 

NE  VANfe  opInare 

trIsMegIsto  ConseCrat  hoDIe 

DebItas  phcebcejE  arborIs  CoroLLas 

theMIs 

Ita 

eX  LaVreato  ortV  et  progressV 

IbIs 

In  pLeno  gLorI^  TViE  MerIDIe 

VsqVe  In  aVge 

aspIret    aLpha 

et  oMega  DeVs  spIrItV  sVo  LenI 

Vt  e6  tItan  eLeVerIs, 

qVo  tVa  te  VIrtVs  trahIt. 

tVnC  VenIent  annI  aVgVstI, 

qVos  eX  ternI  sIDerIs  aVreo  fVLgore 

opto  serenIssIMos. 


327 

►=  1703 

1703 
1703 
1703 

=  1703 
»■=  1703 


1703 

:   1703 
:   1703 

>=   I703 

=   1703 
=   1703 


1  The  river  Main,  which  flows  through  Wurzburg. 

2  Herbipolis,  i.e.  Wiirzburg. 


328  WURZBURG  UNIVERSITY. 

non  rVItVros  In  oCCasVM. 

aVgVstI  sVnt  v_ 

aVgebVntVr  et  CresCent  ILLI  (  '  3 

Ita  feLICIter, 
Vt  CVM  statIo 
eX  trIpoDe  sVa  LiETO  eVentV  }•=     1703 

possIt  VoVere  Vates: 
fIneM  NESTORliE,  preCor,  egreDIare  seneCtjE  !    =    1703 


}■ 

I- 


Hiatus  valdfe  deflendus ! !  My  copy  of  this  remarkable  tract  is 
here  defective.  Pages  19  to  28  were  torn  out  before  ever  I  saw  it.  I 
know  not  what  they  contained,  and  I  am  unable  to  supply  the  absent 
odes  and  chronograms  (?)  because  I  know  of  no  other  copy.  The 
torn  inner  margins  of  tne  pages  testify  to  their  former  presence  in 
their  right  place.  By  way  of  consolation,  however,  I  am  tempted  to 
declare  that  the  foregoing  extracts  are  quite  long  enough.  The  next 
extract,  from  page  29,  almost  says  so — 

Io!  fLoreat  seMper  DoCtoraLIs  trIas  ter  beata,        =     1703 

Jam 
trIaDeM2  CeCInIsse  sat  est.  =     1703 


The  tract  concludes  thus  at  page  30.  The  words  of  the  chrono- 
gram are  literally  those  in  the  Vulgate  Version  of  Psalm  xviii.  2 
(English  Version  xix,  1) — 

Omnia  ad  Majorem, 
Quam 
CceLI  enarrant  gLorIaM  DeI.  =    1703 

A  tract  in  my  possession,  printed  at  Wurzburg  in  17 16,  and  which 
/\  will  bear  the  English  appellation  of  'The  Olympiad  formerly  in 
Greece,'  on  the  occasion  when  the  Doctor's  degree  was  conferred  on 
four  members  of  the  University  of  Wurzburg,  on  the  12th  May  a.d. 
1 61 6.  The  title-page  is  long  and  involved;  it  begins  and  concludes 
thus — 


1  This  line  is  marked  as  a  quotation  from  '  Statius,  lib.  1.  Syfo.  in  Tiburtin.  M. 
Vopisci  V.%  ultimo* 

*  From  this  it  may  be  inferred  that  there  were  two  other  sets  of  chronograms,  one  each 
for  the  second  and  third  crowned  doctors.  • 


MAYENCE  UNIVERSITY.  329 

'  OL  YMPIAS  OLIM  IN  GR&CIA 
Ab  Hercule  Idaeo  quatuor  germanis  fratribus  ad  exercendas  corporum 

vires  instituta, 
hodie 
in  Francia-Orientali l  ad  coronandos  quatuor  invictorum  in  Stadio 
Juridico  heroum  agones  renovata,  quando,  etc.  (i.e.  when  the  contest 
and  coronation  took  place.)  .  .  .  Applaudente  rhetorica  Herbi- 
polensi  Die  xii.  Maii  Anno  Christi  mdccxvi.  Fundatae  Universitatis 
cxxxrv.     Celebrate  ibidem  primae  Olympiadis  Juridical,  cxxxi.' 

The  occasion  is  thus  likened  to  a  contest  at  the  Olympian  games 
in  ancient  Greece.  The  tract  consists  of  thirty  folio  pages  full  of 
Latin  odes,  epigrams,  etc.,  and  only  a  few  chronograms,  which  are 
put  as  mottoes  to  the  poems;  they  are  quotations  mostly  from 
the  Bible  and  some  classic  writers,  and  exhibiting  much  ingenuity  in 
their  application  to  modern  dates. 

erItIs  sICVt  DII,  sCIentes  bonVM.     Genesis  iii.  5.  =1716 

gaVDent  In  CVrVa  agnosCere  Meta.     Statius,  Tfteb.  5.  =     17 16 

si  qVoD  es,  appares  CVLpa  soLVta  Mea  est.     Ovid.  =     17 16 

IpsI  InfIrMatI  sVnt,  et  CeCIDerVnt.   Psalm  xxvL  3.  Vulgate.  =     17 16 
non  gaLeas  qVassat,  non  terraM  CVspIDe  pVLsat.  (sic.)     =     17 16 

Juv.  Sal.  ii.  130. 
aCCIpe,  qVoD  nVnqVaM.    Horace,  Sat.  lib.  2.  ii.  66.  =1716 

CeDat  In  VsVM  nVnC.  (sic.)    Horace,  Sat.  lib.  2.  ii.  134.  =     17 16 

hoC  opVs  hoC  stVDIVM.     Horace,  1  Epist.  iii.  28.  =1716 

seD  LICet,  sVperbVs  aMbVLes.     Hot.  Epod.  iv.  5.  =1716 

sIgna  DVCes  et  Castra  MoVebVnt.    Juvenal,  Sal.  viii.  13.      =     17 16 
toLLVnt  InnVMeras  aD  astra  VoCes.  =     1716 

eCho  nyMpha,  ea  qVje  DICVntVr,  resonat.  =     17 16 

These  last  two  lines  precede  an  epigram,  and  do  not  appear  as 
quotations.    The  epigram  contains  some  quaint  echo  verses. 


MAYENCE  UNIVERSITY. 

A  tract  (folio)  in  my  possession,8  relating  to  the  University  of 
Mayence  on  the  occasion  when  degrees  were  conferred  on 
certain  members  thereof,  under  the  happy  rule  of  the  Archbishop 
Lotharius  Franciscus,  on  the  nth  July  17 13.    The  title  commences — 
'Aula   Honoris   .    .    .    novo    triumpho    consecrata;'   etc. 
Published  by  the  Society  of  Jesus  at  Mayence  (Moguntium). 

The   only  chronograms  are  at  p.   13,   in  the   '  Consecratio  et 
descriptio  aulas  honoris.1     I   transcribe  them  as  examples  of  the 


1  ue.  At  Wiirzburg  in  Franconia. 
*  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy. 
2  T 


330  MAYENCE  UNIVERSITY. 

ingenious  application  of  the  words  of  the  ancient  Latin  authors  to  form 
modern  dates ;  the  chronograms  read  as  part  of  the  original  text — 

CoMItatVs  ILLo  DIgnVs.     Senec.  in  (Edip.  =  17 13 

qVaLeM  CreDIbILe  est  ore  fVIsse.     Ovid,  Trist.  in.  iv.  38.  =  1713 

prIMo  aWLso  non  DefICIt  aLter.     Virg.  s£n.  vi.  143.         =  17 13 
This  was  over  the  door  in  golden  letters — 

honorI  aCaDeMICo  VotIVa.  =    1713 

One  of  the  candidates  for  the  Doctor's  degree  was — 

henrICVs  Menshengen  De  soCIetate  IesV.             =  1713 

These  also  occur — 

hIC  LaVros  tenDat  aVItas  pIMpL/ea.    Claudi.  lib.  3.  adRuffin.  =  17 13 

jeternVM  sIC  trahIt  Ista  DeCVs?                                            =  17 13 

ID  gerere  beLLVM  CVpItIs.     Sen.  in  Theb.  4.  v.  49.                 =  17 13 

te  IVDICe  VInCaM.     Hot.  Sat.  1.  ii.  134.                                    =  17 13 
regIVM  CapItI  DeCVs.     Sen.  in  Agam.  v.  8.                                =1713 

DIes,  qVj£  MagnI  ConsCIa  partVs.  Martial.  1.  17.  Ep.  18.  v.  1.=  17 13 


frv^ 


ALTORF  UNIVERSITY. 

A  folio  volume  of  academical  tracts  in  prose  and  poetry,  emanat- 
ing from  the  University  of  Altorf  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
732. 1.  1  )  bears  this  title — 

ACTA  SACRORUAf  SsECULARIUM 
quae  favente  Deo  immortali  sub  auspicatissimo  .  .  .  imperio  Caroli  vi. 
.  .  .  senatus  Norimbergensis  .  .  .  celebravit  Academia  Altorfiana. — 

1723- 

There  is  an  engraved  emblematical  frontispiece,  and  at  page  32 
there  are  portraits  of  certain  of  the  '  Curators/  who  are  afterwards 
mentioned  in  the  chronograms,  also  many  other  engravings.  There 
is  a  narrative  of  the  founding  of  the  university,  with  chronograms  on 
the  year  1723,  when  the  first  commemorative  jubilee  festival  was  held, 
and  a  list  of  the  names  of  the  curators  and  professors  of  the  university, 
with  complimentary  remarks,  all  in  chronogram  of  the  same  year. 

At  page  160  a  pretty  engraving  shows  a  figure  standing  at  an  altar, 
emblematical  of  the  c  Noricum '  Muse,  or  Learning,  in  the  province  of 
that  name,  inscribed — 
IVbILa  Laeta  Deo  norICa  MVsa  VoVet.  =     1723 

At  page  189  are  described  medals  commemorative  of  the  jubilee, 
bearing  these  chronograms — 

geDaeChtnVs    Des    ersten    IVbeIz-fests    Der    VnIVersItaet 
aLtorf.  =     1723 

IVbILaeo  prIMo  VnIVersItatIs  aLtDorfIno-norICae.  =     1723 

sVbLapso  VegetIs  MVsIs  per  gaVDIa  saeCLo.  =     1723 

A  medal  representing  the  university  buildings  bears  these  mottoes, 
which  are  explained  at  page  194  of  the  volume — 
qVoD  te  per  sVperos  per  ConsCIa  nVMIna  VerI  =     1723 


ALTORF  UNIVERSITY. 


331 


IVbILa  VnIVersItatIs  aLtDorfInae  CentenarIa  prIMa.  = 
oVoD  Mare  non  noVIt,  qVae  nesCIt  arIona  teLLVs?  = 
A  large  engraving  of  the  portal  of  a  building,  with  a  dedication  to 
the  Emperor  Charles  vi.,  bears  several  inscriptions  and  this  chrono- 
gram— 

Deo  serVatorI  Vota  s^eCVLarIa  prjEStant  ) 

MVsiE  aLtorfInae.  ]  ~~ 

At  page  309,  after  passing  over  all  the  intermediate  pages,  full  of 
university  orations  and  descriptions  of  ceremonials,  we  come  to  some 
gratulations  in  poetry  and  prose;  and  the  names  of  the  Emperor 
Charles  vi.  and  of  the  several  dignitaries  of  the  university,  in  chrono- 
gram as  follows — 

Sectio  Villi. 

qua  proferuntur  gratulationes 

quorundam  Norimbergensium 

I. 

T  P  I  A  K  A  2. 

Chronosticum 

In  ) 

saCra  \  ^ 

VnIVersItatIs  aLtDorfInae  f 


IVbILaea  prIMa, 


InVentore 

IoaChIMo  negeLIno 

aeDIs  beatae  VIrgInIs  pastore 

et  poeta  LaVreato. 

IMperante  CaroLo  norIDIs  parnassVs  eXsVLtat.  — 

perILLVstrIs  senatVs  norIMbergensIs  sapIentI  DeCreto  )  _ 

et  faVore  popItIo,  / 

agIt  festVM  saeCVLare  aLtDorf:  VnIVersItas.  = 

aLtorfIna  aCaDeMIa  Inter  pIa  Vota  et  sVspIrIa  IVbILat.  = 
MVsa  aLtDorfI  Vno  transaCto  IVbILat  aeVo.  = 

LaetatVr1    tetzeLIo,  IMhof,   grVnDherro,    ebnero,    CVra- 
torIbVs.  = 

Iohannes  IaCobVs  baIer,  reCtor  MagnIfICVs  fasCes  heLI- 
ConIs  norICI  gerIt  et  regIt  non  sIne  gLorIa.  = 

spLenDet  parnassVs  aLtDorfInVs  proCanCeLLarIo  georgIo 
CaroLo  WoeLCkero.  = 

ChrIstophorVs  eLIas  oeLhafen  a  sChoeLLenbaCh  generosVs 
oppIDI  nobILIs  aLtDorfInI  est  praefeCtVs.  = 

gVstaV   georg   zeLtner   theoLogIae   professor    prIMarIVs, 
DeCanVs  et  pastor.  = 

Iohannes  VVILheLMVs  baIerVs  DoCtor.  = 

Iohannes    IaCobVs    pfItzerVs,    norIbergensIs,    DoCtor    et 
VerbI  MInIster. 


1723 

1723 


1723 


=     1723 


=     1723 


1723 

1723 

1723 
1723 
1723 

1723 
1723 
1723 

1723 

1723 
1723 


==     1723 


1  The  names  of  the  four  persons  whose  portraits  appear  in  an  earlier  part  of  the  volume. 


\ 


332  ALTORF  UNIVERSITY. 

hbInrICVs       hILDebranD,       aLtDorfInae      VnIVersItatIs 
senIor.  =     1723 

Iohannes  georg  fIChtner,   IVrIs  Interpres  et  VeneranDI 
orDInIs  DeCanVs.  =     1723 

eVCharI Vs  gottLIeb  rInk  Magnae  erVDItIonIs  poLIhIstor.  =     1723 
georg  heInrICh  LInCk  aLtDorfInVs  patrIs  heInrICI  ICtI 

ET  ANTECESSORlS   HiERES,   IVrIs   DoCTOR  ET  PROFESSOR.  =       17*3 

Iohannes   IoDoCVs   beCk,   norIMbergensIs  IVrIs  Interpres 
egregIVs.  =     1723 

Iohannes  IaCobVs  IantkIVs,  MeDICVs  InsIgnIs.  =     1723 

Iohannes      heInrICh      sChVLtze,     gratIosae     faCVLtatIs 
IatrICae  aLtDorfInae  soLers  DeCanVs.  =     1723 

ChrIstIan     gottLIeb     sChWarz,     phILosophIae     MoraLIs 
professor,  orator  aC  poeta  neC  non  faCVLtatIs  senIor.   =     1723 
Iohannes  heInrICh  MVLLer,  CeLebrIs  faCVLtatIs  phILoso- 
phICae  aLtorfInae  brabeVta.  =     1723 

Iohannes    DaVID    koeLer,    hIstorIae    professor    et    fIDVs 
bIbLIotheCarIVs.  =     1723 

IaCob  gVLIeLM   feVerLeIn,  LogICes  aC  aLtIorIs  phILoso- 
phIae professor  speCtatVs.  s=     1723 
Iohannes    CaroLVs    beheIM,    aL:     et    oeCon:     In    LICeo 
aLtorfIno  rIte  ConstItVtVs  Inspector.  =     1723 
heInrICh       ChrIstoph       bIttner,      VnIVersItatIs      M0D0 

NOTARIVS.  ss      1723 

* 
*       * 

stasqVe,  paLaeCoMe,  VIgIntI  LVstraqVe  aDornas!  =     1723 

InCreMenta  tVI  DeCorIs  paX  tVta  serenet.  =     1723 

eXsVrgat  seMper  per  seCVLa  gLorIa  pInDI.  =     1723 

Laeta  aLtorfInae  MVsae  DeVs  oCIa  faXIt.  =     1723 

saLVa  sIt  aLMa  parens,  DVret  qVoqVe  fILIa  Laeta!        =     1723 

Some  verses  follow,  in  which  the  exploits  of  the  German  emperors 
are  praised,  concluding  with  a  summary  of  the  names  of  the  before- 
mentioned  four  '  Curatores '  of  the  university,  as  follows — 

Anno  quo 

tetzeLIVs  56 

IMhofIVs  1007 

gr  Vn  Dherr  Vs  5 1  o 

ebnerVs  5 

CVratores  105 

VnIVersItatIs  13 

VIrentes  6  }=*     '7*3 

patresqVe  5 

PATRIAE  i 

eX  10 

VOTO  5 

mi 


■ 


ALTORF  UNIVERSITY.  333 

The  remaining  gratulations  do  not  contain  chronograms. 

At  the  end  of  the  volume  are  two  separately  printed  tracts, 
addressed  to  the  Austrian  princes,  with  title-pages  commencing  with 
chronograms  to  give  their  date. 
1st.  IVstItIa  CaCVMIne  InsIDens.  =    1716 

It  is  addressed  to  the  Archduke  Leopold,  son  of  Charles  vl,  born 
in  1 716.    The  author  is  Jacobus  Narzymski,  a  noble  of  Poland. 
2d.  JosephVs  haVD  oCCVMbens.  =    1716 

This  relates  to  Joseph,  the  late  emperor,  brother  of  Charles  vl 
The  author  is  Fridericus  Guillelmus  Ponikau,  a  knight  of  Silesia. 


This  university  again  appears  in  one  of  a  set  of  seven  volumes, 
noticed  again  at  page  335,  infra;  in  volume  i.  Tract  2  is  entitled — 
'Actus  promulgationis  privilegiorum,'  etc.,  at  Altdorf  in  1697,  on 
the  occasion  of  the  Emperor  Leopold  having  raised  the  university  up 
from  its  previous  condition  of  a  school.  At  page  22  is  this  anagram 
and  verse  containing  the  words  of  the  anagram,  highly  complimentary 
to  him — 

Leopoldus  Caesar  ; 
Deus  Apollo,  creasf 
Omni  jure  Deus  meritoque  vocaris  Apollo, 
Per  nos,  Doctores  tot,  Leopolde,  creans ! 
There  is  also  an  engraving  of  the  medals  struck  on  the  occasion, 
but  not  showing  any  chronograms.    At  page  159  and  following  pages 
we  find  the  programme  of  the  ceremonial  in  bold  print,  and  these 
chronograms — 

PROGRAMMA  PHILOSOPHICUM. 
Succrevit  olim  Altdorfii 
eX  aCaDeMIa  VnIVersItas,  =     1623 

nunc  autem 
In  VnIVersItate  prIMI  theoLogIae  \ 

DoCtores  noVa  sVa  eXerVnt  \  =     1697 

IVra.  ) 

i.e.  The  Philosophical  programme.  The  University  of  Altdorf  has 
grown  out  of  what  was  formerly  the  school.  Now  indeed  the  first 
Doctors  of  theology  in  the  university  put  forth  their  own  new  regu- 
lations. 


WITTEBERG  UNIVERSITY. 

A  volume  of  tracts  (British  Museum,  press-mark  525.  d.  5,  1-44.) 
contains  a  collection  of  Disputations  at  the  University  of 
Witteberg,  in  Latin,  by  various  members  there.  Anno  1607.  No.  25 
is  between  Jacobus  Martinus,  Professor  of  Logic,  and  Petrus  Gsedicus. 


334  HALLE,— DANTZIG,  UNIVERSITY. 

It  concludes  with  some  Latin  verses  addressed  by  the  former  to  the 
latter,  and  subscribed  thus — 

Ercoortxov  Ejusdem  ad  Eundem. 
ILLe  tVVs  feLIX  Labor:  HiEC  Mea  sVnt  tIbI  Vota:    1  _       6 
sis  LVCens  PATRliE  faX,  preCor  Ipse,  tVm.  ]  ' 

Matthias  Joannis  f.  Medelfardensis  Danus. 
i,e.   This  is  thy  successful  labour:  these  are  my  vows  to  thee:  may  est 
thou,  I  pray,  be  a  shining  light  to  thy  country. 


HALLE  UNIVERSITY. 

A  thick  quarto  volume  (British  Museum,  press-mark  823.  e.  1.)  of 
tracts  describing  the  festivals  held  in  1740  at  many  of  the 
German  universities  to  celebrate  the  300th  anniversary  of  the  discovery 
of  the  art  of  printing,  labelled  c  Hilaria  typographical  and  catalogued 
in  'Academies,  Erfurt  University.'  Tract  No.  5  relates  to  Halle 
University,  and  at  p.  285  there  are  some  verses  preceded  by  this 
title— 

typographic  DIVInItorIs  enCoMIa  )  = 

Vtpote  qVm  IVre  IpsI  ConVenIVnt.  J  ~~     ,74° 

The  rectors  of  this  university,  for  ten  years  in  succession,  were 

commemorated  in  chronogram,  giving  the  dates  1694  to  1703.    The 

reader  is  referred  to  my  former  book  on  Chronogratns,  page  374, 

where  these  rectors  are  so  mentioned. 


DANTZIG  UNIVERSITY. 

TRACT  No.  6  in  the  foregoing  volume  describes  the  proceedings 
at  Dantzig  University  when  the  commemoration  of  the  inven- 
tion of  printing  was  held.  There  is  no  pagination,  but  in  sheet  n  this 
bilingual  chronogram  occurs — 


DatVr  eX  Voto  artI  tIIpographICae 

etItIa  Magna  In  IVbILaeo  tertIo  faV 

Ietzo  1st  Der  bVChDrVkker  kVnst  DrIttes 


LaetItIa  Magna  In  IVbILaeo  tertIo  faVsto  j  ""     1§M° 


tzo  1st  Der  bVChDrVkker  kVnst  DrIttes  )  _ 

IVbeLfest  In  VerganVegen  zV  haLten.  /  ™"     l^° 

i.e.  It  is  given  as  an  offering  to  the  art  of  printing  with  great  joy  at  the 
third  propitious  jubilee. — Now  is  the  third  jubilee  festival  kept,  of  the  art 
of  printing. 

The  commemoration  by  chronograms  of  the  invention  of  printing 
will  be  seen  also  in  my  former  book  on  Chronograms,  pages  293,  294, 
where  the  festival  held  by  the  printers  of  Augsburg  is  described. 

A  small  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark  273.  a.  16.),  entitled 
'  Athens  Gedanenses,'  etc,  by  Ephraim  Praetorius,  printed  at  Leipzig 
in  1 713,  contains  an  account  in  Latin  of  the  origin  of  the  University 


r 


DANTZ1G  UNIVERSITY.  335 

of  Dantzig,  the  names  of  many  of  the  rectors,  professors,  and  others 
belonging  thereto,  with  a  list  of  the  works  written  and  published  by 
them.     I  gather  the  following  chronograms  from  its  pages. 

At  page  8,  a  medal  gives  the  date  of  the  first  foundation  jubilee — 
anno  gyMnasIo  geDanensI  seCVLarI.  =     1658 

And  at  page  9,  there  are  two  couplets  on   the  same  occasion, 
written  by  Doctor  John  Maukischius  (or  Maukisch) — 
artIs  aMor  LVCet:  nobIs  aCCVrre  benIgno  )  _       ,  R 

aVXILIo  eXCeLsI  IesVLe  (sic)  sVbVenIens.  J  ~"     I05 

Also 
artes  aCCers?s?  Leges  non  aspera  beLLa  )  =       ,  g 

aCCeptaMVs?  eros  Iste  satIsfaCIet.  j  5 

It  is  explained  that  the  numeral,  and  certain  others,  of  letters 
printed  large  in  the  original,  are  the  initial  letters  of  the  names  of  the 
scholars.     An  anagram  on  the  names  and  title  of  the  same  writer  is 
given  at  page  102,  and  the  title  of  one  of  his  works  is  thus  given — 
faMa  LaVrentII  eIChstaDII.     1660,  folio.  =     1660 

At  page  37  Joannes  Kittelius,  a  pastor  and  preacher,  is  said  to  have 
died,  in  the  year  given  by  this  quotation  from  Matth.  xxiv.  13,  Vulgate 
Version — 
qVI  perseVeraVerIt  VsqVe  aD  fIneM,  Is  saLWs  erIt.     =     1590 

At  page  189  it  is  mentioned  that  one  of  the  schools  was  established 
in  the  year  thus  inscribed  over  the  door, — Anno  quo  VLaDIsLaVs 
qVartVs  bInos  regnI  hostes  barbaros  VIDenDo  sVperat.   =     1634 

At  page  194,  another  school  was  established  in  1640,  and  the  date 
was  given  in  the  last  couplet  of  some  verses  inscribed  over  the  door — 
hIC  est  VIrtVtI  noVa  fabrICa  aperta,  poLItos  )  _       , 

hInC  CapIVnt  patrI^  CVrIa  teMpLa  VIros.  J  ~     I04° 

The  reader  is  referred  to  my  former  book  on  Chronograms,  pages 
184,  185,  for  some  further  chronograms  relating  to  this  university. 


BASLE  UNIVERSITY. 

A  collection  of  tracts  in  seven  volumes,  relating  to  a  considerable 
number  of  German  and  other  universities,  as  to  their  foundation 
ceremonies,  jubilee  commemorations,  the  conferring  of  degrees,  dis- 
putations, appointment  and  death  of  rectors,  etc.  etc.  (British  Museum, 
press-mark,  731.  e.  1-7.)  Chronograms  are  found  only  in  those  tracts 
relating  to  the  universities  under  German  influences. 

VoL  2.  Tract  1  is  a  'secular  oration,'  at  the  commemoration 
jubilee  in  1660  at  the  University  of  Basle,  the  200th  year  from  its 
foundation,  which  was  in  1460.  The  title-page  is  as  follows: — 
'  OR  AT  10  SECULARISy  de  academiae  Basiliensis  ortu  et  progressu ; 
In  publicis  ejusdem  comitiis,  pro  felici  seculi  terti  (sic)  auspicio,  pridie 


336  BASLE  UNIVERSITY. 

nonas  Aprilis  Anni  Cl3  IoC  LX.     Illustri  et  frequentissima  Panegyre 
in  sestivS.  theologorum  aula,  dicta  a  Luca  Gernlero,  rectore.' 

The  oration  is  in  Latin,  it  occupies  57  pages  and  concludes, 
according  to  the  customary  form,  with  the  word  dixi. 

It  is  followed  by  several  sets  of  verses,  etc.  *  Carmina  secularia,' 
contributed  by  various  members  of  the  university,  in  praise  of  the 
institution  and  of  the  various  eminent  men  who  had  been  educated 
there.     The  first  verses  are  associated  with  this  chronogram — 

aCaDeMIa  basILIensIs  VIgeat!  =     1660 

At  page  69  is  a  '  Carmen  reticulatum,'  in  twelve  hexameter  lines. 
At  page  70  is  a  'Carmen  mathematicum  de  voce  Academia,  in 
quinquaginta  voces  resoluti ;'  in  every  line  there  is  introduced  a  frag- 
ment of  the  word  or  some  transposition  of  the  letters,  so  as  to  make 
proper  Latin  words  in  the  54  hexameter  and  pentameter  lines  which 
compose  the  '  Carmen.'  On  page  73  there  is  '  Carmina  Acrosticho- 
Tautogrammaton,'  a  set  of  19  hexameter  lines  of  five  words  each,  the 
initial  letters  of  which  when  read  down  the  columns  as  the  words  are 
arranged,  make  the  words  Academia  Basiliensis,  but  they  have  no 
chronogrammatic  meaning.  On  page  73  there  is  the  *  Votum  Chrono- 
logicum,'  the  facsimile  of  which,  taken  from  the  original,  is  given  on 
the  opposite  page. 

The  words  in  the  circle  are  a  chronogram,  and  read  thus — 

ab  InItIo  aCaDeMIa  VIret  fLorere  pergat.  =     1660 

The  radiating  lines  are  hexameters,  and  read  thus — 
Arceat  a  nostris  oris  Altissimus  arm  A. 
Irradiet  nostris  pi  A  mentes  Gratia  Christl. 
Optima      Pax     vireAt  Musis  nostroque  LyceO. 
Exulet      a      Patri  A    tristi  mors  noxia  falcEo 

The  chronodistichon  beneath  the  circle  reads  thus — 
nasCItVr  aMbrosII  LiEto  hIC  sCoLa  patrIa  soLe,  =     1460 

aMbrosII  Cantat  IVbILa  grata  DIe.  =     1660 

Explanation. 

In  the  above  ingenious  lines  the  initial  and  the  terminal  letters  are 
the  same,  and  they  are  found  also  in  their  proper  place  in  the  circular 
chronogram,  whilst  the  great  A  in  the  centre  of  the  circle  is  also  the 
central  letter  of  these  lines.     The  whole  may  be  translated  thus — 

The  academy  is  full  of  strength  from  its  beginnings  may  it  continue 
to  flourish. — May  the  Most  High  keep  war  at  a  distance  from  our  land. 
May  the  pious  favour  of  Christ  enlighten  our  minds.  May  the  best 
peace  be  prosperous  to  the  '  Muses '  and  our  Lyceum.  And  may  death 
with  his  hurtful  scythe  be  exiled  from  our  country. 

These  peaceful  aspirations  are  not  to  be  wondered  at,  when  we 
remember  how  much  central  Europe  had  suffered  from  the  desolating 
Thirty  Years'  War.  The  chronogram  below  the  circle  has  this  meaning — 

Here  rises  under  a  happy  sun  the  paternal  school  of  Ambrose. 
Grateful  thanks  it  sings  on  the  day  of  Ambrose  in  1660. 

Now  we  arrive  at  the  meaning  of  the  great  A  in  the  centre  of  the 


j 


BASLE  UNIVERSITY. 


337 


VOTUM  CHRONOLOGICUAi 


CHRONO  STIC  HON. 

NasCItVr  AMbrosII  L«to  hIC  sCoLap  atria  foLc, 
AMbrosHCantatlVblLagrataDIe. 

MpplAudcbdt 
HHSNRICUS   KlSSBLflACHIUff, 

inAcadBafil.PhyficcsProf.oi'd* 


vmf. 


2  U 


338 


GIESSEN  UNIVERSITY. 


circle.  Saint  Ambrose,  here  indicated  by  his  initial  letter,  must  be 
regarded  as  the  patron  saint  of  the  school ;  his  day  in  the  calendar  is 
the  4th  of  April.  The  title  of  this  tract  tells  us  that  the  jubilee  was 
held  '  pridie  nonas  Aprilis,'  which  in  the  Latin  calendar  is  equivalent 
to  the  4th  day  of  April  as  we  now  express  it 

At  page  78  we  come  to  the  the  last  chronogram  in  this  tract — 

aCaDeMIa  basILIensIs  sIt  VIrens  !  =     1660 


GIESSEN  UNIVERSITY. 

VOLUME  III.  of  the  series  mentioned  at  page  335  supra,  in 
Tracts  4  and  5,  there  is  an  account  of  the  ceremony  and  pro- 
ceedings at  the  University  of  Giessen  on  the  occasion  of  its  recon- 
stitution  by  George  11.,  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  with  the  orations, 
congratulatory  verses,  and  votive  poems.  Written  by  Johannes 
Tachius,  one  of  the  professors  there,  and  published  at  Darmstadt  in 
1650.  There  is  also  an  engraved  title-page.  The  verses  commence 
at  page  153  under  the  title  of  *  Carmina  votiva,'  and  are  addressed  to 
George,  the  then  reigning  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  who  is  praised 
throughout  as  a  munificent  benefactor  and  patron  of  learning;  the 
Latin  verses  conclude  with  this  i  Eteostichon  continens,  cum  pio  voto, 
annum  restaurationis ' — 

ChrIste  sChoLaM  eXaVge,  prInCeps  hanC  georgVs  honorI,  ) 
nVnC  pLantat  gIssa  rVrsVs  In  Vrbe,  tVo.  J 

i.e.  0  Christ \  increase  the  school  exceedingly ',  the  Prince  George  now 
replants  it  in  the  city  of  Giessen  to  thy  honour. 

At  page  164  the  sixth  set  of  verses  concludes  with  this  '  chrono- 
distichon ' — 

o  pater,  Vt  VIgeat  gIssena  aCaDeMIa,  faXIs        ) 
VIrIbVs  egregIIs,  perpetVIsqVe  bonIs.  j  "" 

i.e.  O  father,  thou  wilt  bring  it  to  pass  that  the  academy  of  Giessen  shall 
flourish  with  surpassing  strength,  and  perpetual  good  fortune. 

At  page  175  various  sets  of  verses  are  addressed  to  the 
grave,  commencing  as  follows — 

Ad  serenissimum  et  celsissimum  Principem  ac 
Dominum,  Dn.  Georgium  11.  Hassiae  Landgravium,  etc 
Academic  hujus  Instauratorem. 
qVIs  gIssjE  refoVet  MVsas?  Vah  tVte  georgI 
has  reVoCas,  at  te  qVIs  foVet?  Ipse  DeVs. 
i.e.    Who  cherishes  again  the  Muses  of  Giessen  9     Ah,  it  is 
O  George,  who  recaUesi  them,  but  who  cherishes  thee  ?     God  himself. 
Palindromon  incluso  Eteosticho. 
Thespiades,  duce  Te,  conscendunt  pulpita  Gissae, 

Vindice  Te,  redeunt  Pallas  et  Eunomia. 
Cattigenae  mera  laus  gentis,  Dux  Inclyte,  surgit, 
Postera  laudabit  Te  pia  progenies. 


Land- 


}- 

thyself, 


1650 


1650 


1650 


GlESSEN  UNIVERSITY.  339 

perfVgIVM  tIbI  sIt  IesVs,  paX,  anChora,  VTra,         )  - 

Integra  stIrps  sVbItc-  ne  tVa  DIspereat.  J  ""        5° 

i.e.  The  Muses,  thou  being  their  guide,  ascend  the  platform  at  Giessen  ; 
thou  being  their  guide,  Pallas  and  Eunomia  return.  The  genuine  praise 
of  the  people  of  the  nation  of  the  Catti  {Hesse),  O  renowned  prince,  is 
lifted  up.  A  future  pious  offspring  will  praise  thee.  May  Jesus  be 
the  refuge,  the  peace,  the  anchor  of  thy  life,  may  thy  whole  offspring  not 
be  lost  suddenly. 

Then  follows  an  anagram  and  chronogram  combined,  a  somewhat 
difficult  sort  of  composition;  the  name,  etc,  of  the  Landgrave  is  the 

Programma. 
Georgius     11.     Hessiae     Landgravius,     instaurator 
lumenque  universitatis  Gissenae. 

And  the  distich  chronogram,  indicating  the  date  of  the  university, 
is  the 

Anagramma. 
oh  es  LaVs  ataVIs  InsIgnIs,  VIrqVe  sVaVIs,  )  _       , 

gLorIa  GERMANiE  gentIs  VIrtVte  renIDes.  /  "~         5° 

it.  George  II.,  Landgrave  of  Hesse,  the  restorer  and  the  light  of  the 
University  of  Giessen. — Oh,  thou  art  an  illustrious  fame  to  thine 
ancestors,  a  delightful  man,  the  glory  of  the  German  nation,  thou  art 
resplendent  with  virtue. 

A  simple  anagram  then  follows,  exhibiting  much  ingenuity  in 
adapting  the  same  64  letters  to  a  double  use,  and  to  a  twofold  mean- 
ing, as  will  appear  in  the  epigram — 

Programma. 
Academia  Gissensis  pur£  restaurata. 

Anagramma. 
Ara  resignata  es  Musis  ac  edita  rupes. 
Then  follows  the  hexameter  and  pentameter  epigram,  showing 
that  the  Landgrave  George  is  the  New  Parnassus.     The  first  line  is 
literally  the  above  anagram  line — 

Epigramma. 
Ara  resignata  es  Musis  ac  edita  rupes, 
De  qua  prospiciunt  Suada  Minerva,  Themis, 
Quam  recolunt  Phoebus,  Charites  et  turba  Novena, 
Hinc  te  Parnassum  suspicor  esse  novum. 
A  literal  translation  is  offered : — Thou  art  an  altar,  an  elevated  rock, 
opened  to  the  Muses,  from  which  the  German  Minerva  and  Themis 
revisit  us  ;  hence  I  suspect  thee  to  be  the  new  Parnassus. 

The  allegory  of  the  altar  is  again  used,  at  page  178,  where  another 
section  commences,  intituled  l  Ara  Votiva,'  addressed  to  the  Land- 
grave George  by  John  Justus  Wynkelmann,  historiographer.  A  dedi- 
cation to  him  concludes  thus — 


340  GJESSEN  UNIVERSITY. 


VIrtVtIs  patronVs, 

IVstItLe  assertor, 

aCaDeMLe  gIssensIs 

restaVrator 

i7 

8 

1603 

5 

ET 

nVtrItor 
VIVat  ! 

6 
11 

►SB         165O 


VIVat  apoLLo  noWs  !  VIVant  heLIConIs  aLVMn*  II  6 

et  sChoLa  gIssensIs  CeLebrIs  noVa  fIat  In  orIs  !      /  ^° 

sydus  capra  ;  leo  ;  rutilans  ;  clamosa  ;  resurgens  ; 

Luceat  hoc  Christo ;  et  HjEC  verbi  pascua  carpat ; 

hic  defendat  Apes  dulcissima  mella  legentes ; 

Sic  voveo ;  Votum  tu  consummate  Jehova  I 

The  words  printed  in  small  capitals  allude  to  the  armorial  insignia 
of  Hesse.  The  chronograms  may  be  thus  interpreted — 
Long  live  the  patron  of  virtue,  the  restorer  and  nourisher  of  the  University 
of  Giessen. — Long  live  the  new  Apollo  ! — Long  live  the  foster-children 
{the  scholars)  of  Helicon,  and  may  the  school  of  Giessen  be  renewed  in 
our  land  ! 

The  verses  which  occupy  page  179  are  preceded  by  an  anagram, 
which  is  also  a  chronogram — 

Programma. 
Georgius  Hassiae  landgravius 
et  Heros  gratiosissimus  est  prselargus  Universitatis 

nostrae 
Giessenae  restaurator  et  reparator. 
Anagramma  (dempta  tamen  unica  litera  A)  exhibens  carmen  quod 
annum  restaurationis  academic  GissENiE  continet.1 
hassIs  restItVIs  rVrsVs  generose  georgI,  = 

MVsas  LargItas  gIessae  regnante  rVDoLpho;     = 
tV  IoVa  tVtarIs  reparatas  eIa  rIte  =       19  }-=     1650 

RE  nostras. 

Summa,        1650^ 

The  program  and  the  chron-anagram  may  be  thus  interpreted: — George, 
Landgrave  of  Hesse,  a  most  popular  hero,  is  the  munificent  restorer  and    • 
renovator  of  our   University  of  Giessen. — O  generous  George,  thou 
restorest  freely  to  Hesse  the  endowed  muses  of  Giessen,  in  the  reign  of 

1  It  will  be  observed  that  the  context  immediately  following  the  '  programma '  points 
out  that  one  letter  A  must  be  dropped  ;  the  fact  is  it  contains  one  diphthong  JE  more  than 
is  required  to  make  the  perfect  anagram.  The  second  line  of  the  chronogram  gives  the 
date  1612,  when  the  Emperor  Rudolph  11.  was  reigning ;  he  died,  however,  afterwards  in 
that  year. 


GIESSEN  UNIVERSITY.  341 

Rudolph  ;  mayest  thou,  O  /ehovah,  defend  our  possessions  (oh  joy  /) 
duly  recovered. 

The  alliterative  verses  which  next  follow  carry  on  the  gratulations 
of  Giessen  and  the  glorification  of  George ;  the  translator  craves 
excuse  for  not  giving  an  English  version  in  the  same  form — 

GISSA. 
Gratuite  Giessam,  Gemm&  Generose  Georgi, 
Genteque  Grynaei  per  Grat£  Glorificasti 
Gissa  Gerit  Gremio,  Gazam  Gratam  ;  Glomeratur 
Gorgeneas  Guttas  Gustans  Grex,  Gloria  Gliscat, 
Grynaei !  Gaudens  Generoso  Gissa  Georg(I)o 
Gratuatus,  Grandesce  Gregem  Gravitate  Guberna. 
Gratulabundas  Gratabatur 

Eberhardus  Fabricus,  Hassus. 

At  page  180  the  tract  concludes  with  a  set  of  verses,  which  ter- 
minate with  this  chronogram — 

ANNO 

eIa  IaM  nostrIs  reDIIt  paX  aVrea  terrIs.  )  =       6 

teVton  sVb  fICV  post  IbI  tVtVs  erIt.  J  ~"         5° 

i.e.  Oh  joy  /  now  has  golden  peace  returned  to  the  land,  the  German 
shall  henceforth  be  safe  there  under  his  own  fig-tree. 

The  remaining  volumes  relate  to  German  and  some  French  and 
Italian  universities,  but  do  not  contain  any  more  chronograms  or 
anagrams. 

THE  Saxon  Chronicle  by  David  Chytraeus,  Part  11.,  quoted  at 
page  128  ante  in  the  present  volume,  contains  some  chrono- 
grams relating  to  the  University  of  Giessen.  At  page  127  thereof  it  is 
related  that  in  1607  the  Emperor  Rudolph  11.  confirmed  and  enlarged 
the  privileges. of  the  university;  the  particulars  of  the  charter  are 
quoted,  and  the  names  of  the  patrons  and  high  officials  are  given  in 
chronograms  which  indicate  the  date  of  the  event,  thus — 
Perscriptum  Darmstati  vicesimo  octavo  Augusti, 

ANNO 

ChrIsto  IesV  MoDerante:  =  1607 

rVDoLpho  IMperatore  LargIente:  =  1607 

LoDeuIgo  hasso  LanDgrafIo  fVnDatore:  =  1607 

Ioanne  strVppIo  De  geLLnhawsen  proMotore:  =  1607 

Ecclesiarum  verb  eo  loci  Superattendente  : 

ss.  th.  DoCtore  hereMIa  VIetore  :  =  1607 

In  noVa  aCaDeMIa  regente:  =  1607 

DoCtore  gVDefreDo  anthonII.  =  1607 


34* 


LEIPZIG— UTRECHT,   UNIVERSITY. 


LEIPZIG  UNIVERSITY. 

AT  pages  172-176  of  the  chronicle  last  quoted,  a  jubilee  of  the 
University  of  Leipzig  is  described,  concluding  with  these  ten 
memorial  lines,  which  give  the  date — 

Senarii 

Numerates 

X 

Ad  annum  Christi  mdcix  pro  memoria 

Jubilaei  Lipsici 

boheMLe  DatVr  reLIgIo  LIbera.  = 

Lis  Magna  De  regIone  sVrgIt  gyLIa.  = 

grataM  Deo  se  IVbILans  fert  LIpsIa,  = 

aCaDeMLe  SARTiE  et  VIgentIs  gratIA,  = 

annos  DVCentos  InDe  InItIa  post  Data.  = 

VIgore  In  Isto  perstet  ergo  aCaDeMIa  :  = 

sIt  sospes  Vrbs  aCaDeMI-*  pIa  hospIta  :  = 

reLLIgIo  sana  DetVr  In  boheMIa  :  = 

DIreMta  Lis  et  sopIatVr  gyLIa.  = 

fas  est  ea  Inter  IaM  preCarI  gaVDIa.  = 

Vincentius  Schmuck.  D. 

UTRECHT  UNIVERSITY. 

4  volume  of  tracts  and  disputations  of  certain  universities  in 
Holland  and  Germany  (British  Museum,  press-mark  525.  d.  18, 
.  Tract  10,  '  Exercitatio  philosophical  by  Petrus  k  Cleyburgh. 
Trajecti  ad  Rhenum  1689,  contains  some  complimentary  poems  to 
the  author  ;  the  last  one,  in  the  Dutch  language,  ends  with  this 

Xpovo8i<rrt.)(ov. 
Was  IDer  een  geLIICk  heer  CLeyborCh  tot  het  Leeren. 
VeeL  soVDen'er  soo  sLeCht  nIet  Weer  te  rVgge  keeren, 


1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 

1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 


:}- 


1689 


SOME   DISTINGUISHED   PERSONS. 

iN  my  former  book  on  Chronograms  there  is  a  long 
chapter  devoted  to  'Distinguished  Men/  extending 
over  33  pages,  commencing  at  page  349.  The  follow- 
ing chapter  comprises  the  names  of  a  miscellaneous 
assemblage  of  persons  of  distinction,  extracted  from 
numerous  books ;  the  right  of  many  of  them  to  the  appellation  is 
obvious,  but  others  are  unknown  to  fame,  and  some  have  even  passed 
out  of  memory.  All,  however,  are  to  be  judged  here  on  chrono- 
grammatic  principles,  and  in  order  that  they  may  be  placed  on  an 
equality  of  right,  I  venture  to  assert  that  when  a  chronogram  on  any 
one  is  made  and  printed,  it  is  a  mark  of  distinction  conferred  on  that 
person.  And  I  may  add  that  whenever  I  have  found  such  a  chrono- 
gram in  the  by-ways  of  research,  or  in  books  discovered  almost  by 
mere  accident,  I  have  carefully  preserved  it ;  and  all  are  placed  here 
which  do  not  fall  conveniently  into  any  other  group  that  I  have 
made  for  their  classification. 

THE  first  name  is  a  very  famous  one,  it  has  been  the  theme  of 
many  chronograms.  Here  are  a  few  more  in  addition  to  those 
previously  collected  in  my  former  volume.  I  find  them  in  a  Latin 
work  in  my  possession,  '  Rerum  Germanicarum  Scriptores,'  etc,  put 
together  by  John  Georg  Leukfeld,  printed  at  Frankfort-on-Main  1707, 
folio.     In  the  section  '  Thanatologia ' — 

Martin  Luther  died  18th  February  1546— 
oCCVbVIt  febrVo  fataLI  Mense  LVtherVs  )  6 

aLtera  eVangeLII  gLorIa  paVLe  tVI.  j  1$* 

i.e.  Luther  died  in  the  fatal  month  February,  another  glory  of  thy  gospel, 
O  Paul 


344  SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS. 

eXorItVr  bIs  nona  DIes  VbI  febrVa  ChrIstI  1  _  g 

CceLICa  propICII  regna  LVtherVs  aDIt.  J  ""       54 

i.e.    When  the  twice  ninth  day  of  February  arose,  Luther  entered  the 
kingdom  of  the  merciful  Christ. 

Luther  is  mentioned  in  a  40  volume  of  tracts,  funeral  orations, 
etc  (British  Museum,  press-mark  489.  g.  23).  Tract  13,  consisting 
of  eight  leaves  only,  *  De  viro  sancto  Martino  Luthero  purse  doctrinae 
evangelii  instauratore,  ex  hie  mortali  viti  ad  aeternam  Dei  consuetu- 
dinem  evocato.'  Vitebergse,  mdxlvi. — 'Durch  M.  Joannem  Stigelium,' 
(so  catalogued)  contains  an  elegy  on  Luther  in  hexameter  and  penta- 
meter verse  concluding  thus — 
fortIs  at  eXtreM*  VeraX  jETatIs  heLIas  1  _       -  g 

CeLsa  pIVs  CceLI  teCta  LVthere  sVbIs.  J  54 

i.e.  Thou  bold  and  true  Elijah  of  this  latter  day,  O  pious  Luther,  goest 
up  to  the  heavenly  abode. 

A  slightly  different  version  of  these  lines  is  given  in  my  book 
Chronograms,  page  340.  In  addition  to  the  Luther  jubilee  medals 
mentioned  in  Chronograms,  pp.  340,  341, 1  find  in  Zedler,  xl.  675, 
the  mention  of  another  which  was  struck  at  Strasburg,  inscribed — 

MartInVs  LVtherVs  theoLogI-*  DoCtor.  =     171 7 

spes  ConfIsa  Deo  nVnqVaM  bona  Vota  fefeLLIt.       =     17 17 

Another,  also  from  Zedler,  liv.  1339,  in  commemoration  of  the 
festival  on  31st  October  17 17,  at  Weissenfels,  inscribed  on  a  half- 
thaler  coin — 

gLorIa  ChrIsto  LaVDesqVe  ManebVnt.  =     171 7 

And  another  similar  coin,  referring  to  the  same  festival,  repre- 
senting a  church  on  a  rock,  inscribed — 

soLa  In  soLo  ChrIsto  ^ternVM  DVratVra.  =     1717 

Philip  Melanchthon,  the  companion  of  Luther,  is  mentioned 
in  some  epitaph  verses  in  a  work,  '  Scripta  publica  proposita  a  Pro- 
fessoribus  in  academia  Vitebergensis  ab  anno  1540  usque  annum 
1567/  7  vols.  8°.  The  chronogram  is  by  Henricus  Millerus  Hesse. 
(See  also  Chronograms,  p.  335) — 

Tempus  obitus  1560. 
noCte  VbI  ConsVMpta  sVrgVnt  eX  pLeIOa  nam  1  * 

fVnCtVs  es  heV  VIta  sanCte  phILIppe  tVa.  J  5 

It  is  mentioned  in  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  xlii.  551,  that 
some  words  contained  in  the  '  Te  Deum  Laudamus '  (which  was  com- 
posed about  the  year  390)  were  regarded  as  an  omen  or  prognostica- 
tion.   Thus  the  sentence — 

tIbI  CherVbIn  et  seraphIn  InCessabILI  VoCe  proCLaMant.  =     1517 
i.e.  To  thee  Cherubin  and  Seraphin  with  unceasing  voice  do  cry. 
was  applied  to  certain  persons  who  were  imprisoned  for  their  religious 
opinions  during  the  troubled  times  of  the  Lutheran  Reformation  in 
Germany,  which  are  dated  from  the  year  15 17.    The  following  words, 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  345 

adapted  from  St  Matthew  xi.   15,  have  been  applied  also  to  the 
preaching  of  the  Reformation — 

qVI  habet  aVreM  aVDIat.  =     1517 

i.e.  He  that  hath  ears  let  him  hear. 
The  reformers  made  the  words  which  next  follow  applicable  to 
the  eventful  period ;  they  give  the  date  when  Luther  published  his 
Theses  against  Tetzel,  but  otherwise  the  meaning  is  equivocal — 
MVnDVs  VIgebIt.     ie.  The  world  shall  be  vigorous.  =     1517 

MVnDVs  totVs  perIbIt.    i.e.  The  whole  world  shall  perish.         =     15 17 

Pope  Innocent  XII.  died  on  his  'jubilee  day;'  he  reigned 
nine  years.     (From  Zedler,  xviii.  233)— 

InnoCentIVs   XII.  pro    DeVs    pontIfeX    In    Ipso    IVbILjEO 
MorItVr.  =     1700 


A  collection  of  epitaphs  oi  emperors  and  other  distinguished 
persons  in  a  book  bears  this  title — 'Theatrum  funebre,  exhibens 
per  varias  scenas  Epitaphia  nova,  antiqua;  seria,  jocosa,  etc.  etc., 
cxtructum  a  Dodone  Richea  (seu  Ottone  Aicher).  Salisburgi,  1675.' 
The  book  is  catalogued  at  the  British  Museum  under  the  name 
Aicher  (press-mark  1090.  b.  16).  Pars  prima,  pp.  216.  Pars 
secunda,  pp.  208.  The  three  following  chronograms  occur  in  the 
book. 

Pietro  Bembo,  cardinal ;  epitaph  in  the  cathedral  at  Milan — 
Hie  situs  est  Bembus  satis  hoc,  nam  caetera  clarent, 
Quo  se  cunque  decus  protulit  Eloquii. 
Another  at  Rome. 
beMbVs  obIt  Veneta  LaVs  VrbIs,  gLorIa  fVLgor  :  ) 

eLoqVIo  CLarVs,  CLarVs  et  hIstorIIs.  J  ""     *547 

He  was  born  in  1470,  and  died  in  1547  ;.  he  was  an  accomplished 
scholar  and  a  distinguished  statesman.  Residence  at  the  voluptuous 
court  of  Leo  x.  at  Rome  had  a  prejudicial  effect  on  his  private  cha- 
racter. See  Chalmers's  General  Biographical  Dictionary^  iv.  409, 
where  the  date  of  his  death  is  erroneously  given  as  15 18. 

Antonius  h  Granvalla  (Antoine  Perrenot  de  Granville), 
cardinal     Epitaphs  made  by  Nicolaus  Oudars — 

saCro  a  granVeLLa  LVCens  antonIVs  ostro,  )  _        g, 

teCtVs  Carpentana1  heV  perenotVs  hVMo  est  !  /  5 

Also 
haC  perenotVs  habet  CIneres  antonIVs  VrnA  ;  )  _         ~, 

MoLLIa  seCVrVs  spIrItVs  astra  CoLIt.  J  ""     I5*° 

He  is  mentioned  in  Biographic  Universelle,  Ancienne  et  Modcrne^ 
xviii.  315,  as  Antoine  Perrenot,  minister  of  Charles  v.  and  Philip  11. 


1  A  place  in  Spain. 
2  X 


346  SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS. 

of  Spain ;  born  1517,  died  1586  at  Madrid,  buried  at  Besancpn.     He 
had  much  influence  in  the  politics  of  Europe. 


Albertus,  Cardinal,  Archbishop  of  Mayence  and  of  Magdeburg, 
died,  aged  56  ;  the  circumstance  alluded  to  is  not  explained — 
LVget  sVbLato  MogVntIa  pr*sVLe,  ab  hesso  )  _ 

henrICVs  CapItVr,  tVrba  reLICta  fVgIt.  J  ""     lS4S 

Philip  Carl,  Elector  of  Mayence,  was  born  26th  October  1675. 
He  became  Archbishop  of  Mayence  in  1732.  The  following  chrono- 
gram is  recorded  in  Zedler,  xxviL  1877 — 

faVente  sVperna  gratIa 

phILIppVs  CaroLVs 
eX  perantIqVa  ab  eLtz 

prognatVs  prosapIa  ^ 

nono  IVnII  f-     I732 

arChIepIsCopVs  atqVe  eLeCtor 
MogVntInensIs 
mqVo  eLatVs  fato. 
i.e.  Philip  Charles,  sprung  from  the  very  ancient  family  of  Eltz,  celestial 
grace  favouring  him,  was  on  the  gth  of  June  raised  by  just  destiny  {to  be) 
Archbishop  and  Elector  of  Mayence. 

Abel  Vinarius  or  Weinhin,  born  at  Hansburg,  in  Landau, 
a  man  of  note  in  Wurtemberg,  died  27th  February  1606.  His 
epitaph  included  these  lines — 

febrWs  eCCe  !  LVes  ter  sparsIt  ab  aXe  noVenas  )  _ 

eXCeLsI  WeInhIn  sCanDIt  aD  astra  poLL  J  "" 

Abel  Vinarius 

avaypapfia 

VbiElisa?  Vmd. 
i.e.  Lo  /  February  spread  the  melting  snow  thrice  nine  times  from  above, 
when  Weinhin  ascends  to  the  realms  of  the  highest  heavens. 

Meaning  that  he  died  on  27th  February.  The  anagram  on  his 
name  is  made  to  ask  the  question  (reminding  some  of  us  of  a  '  slang  '- 
call  once  familiar  in  the  London  streets),  'Where's  Eliza?'  probably 
meaning  his  wife;  the  answer  follows  it,  '  In  the  tomb.' 

Caspar  Siegmund  Reimann,  pastor  of  the  church  of  SS. 
Peter  and  Paul  at  Liegnitz.     Born  1684,  died  1739.     (Zedler,  xxxi. 
240)— 
reIMannI  VIrtVs,  DoCtrIna  et  gLorIa  VIVIt,  )  _ 

LIgnItII  natIs  Ipse  sVperstes  erIt.  j  ""     x?39 

i.e.  The  virtue,  the  learning,  the  glory  of  Reimann  lives ;  he  himself 
will  live  to  tlu  sons  of  Leignitz. 

Christopher  Daniel  Schreiter,  born  at  Wiirtzen,  near  Welt, 
5th  December  1624,  doctor  of  theology,  most  celebrated,  died,  aged 


1606 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  347 

ninety,  in  the  year  twice  told  by  the  following  chronogram  contained 

in  his  epitaph  at  the  college,  which  does  not  otherwise  express  the 
date.    (Zedler,  xxxv.  11 70) — 

DoCtor  sChreIterVs  nonagenarIVs  esto  \  = 

sospes  et  ietatem  nestorls  instar  ag  at.  j  ~~     *7*4 

Iste  bonVs  Verb  serVVs  fIDVsqVe  tot  annos  i 

aVferat  e  IoVe  sVa  VIa  LVCra  ManV.  f  "     I7'4 

Joann   Joseph   Sporck,   a  high  official  in  Bohemia.     See 
Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  xxxix.  366.     His  epitaph — 
sporCkIVs  hoC  sItVs  est  bVsto  LaCryMare  VIator  :        1 

nVnC  LVgent  CharItes  reLLIgIo,  pIetas.  J  I7:57 

In  Chronograms,  p.  377,  this  epitaph  is  applied  to  another  man  of 
the  same  name,  with  the  variation  of  one  letter  to  make  the  date 
1738. 

J  ohn  Oldendorp  of  Hamburg,  and  professor  at  Marpurg,  died 
on  3d  June — 

ah  oLDenDorpI  IVnI  Vt  LVX  tertIa  fVLsIt  )  - 

nos  fVgIs  hessIaCe  LeXqVe  saLVsqVe  sCHoLiE.  J  I5  7 

±  etrus  Ramus,  of  Vermandois  in  Picardy,  a  learned  professor 
at  Paris,  seems  to  have  got  into  execrable  and  dangerous  company, 
and  after  receiving  twenty-eight  wounds  was  pitched  out  of  a  window 
dead,  at  the  age  of  57,  in  the  year — 
Vt  perIt  aCCeptIs  VICenIs  oCtoqVe  raMVs  ) 

WLnerIbVs,  phcebI  LVX  stVpet  atqVe  fVgIt.  J  57 

oCCVbVIt  raMVs  prjeCLarVs  gaLLICo  ab  ense.  =     1572 

Andreas  Alciatus,  a  learned  man  at  Milan,  died— 
IVra  IaCent,  strepItVsqVe  forI,  LegesqVe  saLVbres,       )  _ 
CVr?  IaCet  anDreas  DVX  et  apoLLo  forI.  J  ~~       55 

Sebastian  Unterholzer,  a  'renowned  man,'  died  on  the  27th 
June  1577,  according  to  these  verses  in  his  epitaph — 
ter  noVIes  IVnI,  raDIabat  IgnIfer,  astra  )  _ 

VnDerhoLzere  qVanDo  sebaste  petIs.  J  ^77 

Philip  Verheyen,  Professor  of  Anatomy  at  Louvain.  Born 
1648,  died  28th  January  17 10.  A  work  by  him,  on  the  anatomy  of 
the  human  body,  was  printed  at  Cologne  in  17 13,  in  which  were 
several  sets  of  verses  in  praise  of  him,  and  lamenting  his  death.  Two 
pages  of  Latin  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse  have  this  chronogram 
at  the  conclusion — 
JaCet  VerheYen  honor  MeDICIn^.  =     17 10 

The  letter  y  counts  as  11=2.  t\e.  Verheyen  the  honour  of  the 
medico/  art  is  dead, 


348  SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS. 

Simon  Zschoka,  bom  at  'Pausa  in  Botigland,'  in  1582,  a 
priest.  He  studied  at  Leipzig,  and  he  died  of  the  plague  in  16 18. 
His  epitaph  contained  these  words  (Zedler,  lxiii.  758) — 

JesVs  CorDIs  MeI  thesaVrVs.  =     1618 

i.e.  Jesus  the  treasure  of  my  heart. 

Antonius  Viriherus,  of  whom  some  account  is  given  in 
Zedler,  xlviii.  1763,  wrote  a  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1x5.  a. 
10),  8°,  the  title  of  which  begins  in  chronogram,  containing  the  author's 
name  and  the  date,  thus — 

VInDICLe  boheMLe  \ 

QVAS  >=       I7AO 

PATRliE   SV/E  sCRlPSlT  f  '* 

antonIVs  VIrI-herVs.  J 

Sive 
Compendiosa  deductio  famosse  qusestionis 
super  nexu,  inter  sacrum  imperium 
Romano-Germanicum  et 
inclytum  Bohemias  regnum  intendente. 
Norimbergae  &  Pragae.     1740. 
The  dedication  follows  next,  'Magnificis,  spectatissimis  inclytis 
Dom,  Dom,  Dom,  Dom,  Regni  Bohemias  Statibus, 

Submissime  D.D.D.  Antonius  Viriherus.' 

Page  120,  the  last  in  the  book,  concludes  with  the  following  tribute 
to  the  worth  of  the  author  by  the  printer,  with  a  playful  allusion  to  his 
'  veiled  name.' 

Typographic!  explicatio  velati  nominis. 
Est  Pragae  natus,  pietate  et  Pallade  Pragae 
Excultus,  Sacroque  nitens  candore  Sionis 
Praesul,  Heri  atque  Viri  conjungens  nomen  et  omen. 

Liborius  Wrissberg  was  a  judge  of  the  Court  at  Brunswick. 
Born  1593,  died  in  1654.  His  funeral  sermon  was  preached 
from  the  text  2  Cor.  iv.  16,  17,  and  the  chronogram  was  written 
for  his  epitaph.  (Extracted  from  Zedler's  Universal  lexicon,  lix. 
678)- 

bene  VIXIt,  obIIt  nobILIs  WrIsbergIVs,  )  _       6 

haVt  ergo  eVM  pLorate,  seD  Vos,  posterI.  J  ""     *  ->4 

i.e.  Noble  Wrisberg  lived  rightly \  he  is  dead,  weep  not  therefore  for 
him,  but  for  yourselves,  O  posterity. 

borIVs  Von  WrIsberg  1st  DahIn  :  \ 

Der  toDt  1st  seIn  grosser  geWIn  :  >  s=     1654 

traWret  :  nICht  aber  Vber  Ihn.  ) 

i.e.  Boriusvon  Wrisberg  is  gone  hence  ;  Death  is  his  greatest  gain  ;  but 
not  over  him. 

Daniel  Wulffer,  theologian  in  Bohemia.    The  year  of  his 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  349 

birth  and  his  age  when  he  died  was  marked  by  this  distich.     (Zedler, 

lix.  786)— 

os  sVaDm,  sophIe  peCtVs  qVI  traDeret  arDens,  =     1617 

VyLferVs,  genIo  non  fIne  natVs,  obIt.  =        68 

Eusebies,  Sophies,  Suadaeque  videatur  in  uno 

Numina  Wulfero,  trina  decore  pari. 
Sic  facies  veneranda  sua  sub  imagine  sistit 

Theologumque  Sophum  Philosophumque  pium. 

Johann  Christian  Wolf,  doctor  of  medicine,  magistrate  at 
Zerbst  in  North  Germany.  His  name  and  birth-land  are  united  in  this 
1  symbol,'  which  was  engraved  on  his  monument  (Zedler,  lviii.  748) — 

Iohannes  fhristianus  "f  T  Tolfius       Qervesta  A  nhaltinus. 

esus        V^hristus       VV  eneratus  Oalvandorum  -txdvocatus. 

Anagram. 
Joannes  Christianus  Wolf,  Medicinae  Doct  et  Cons. 

Per  anagr. 
Et  aliis  inserviendo  consumtus,  ach  !  fato  concedit. 
ie.John  Christian  Wolf of Zerbst,  in  Anhalt. 

Jesus  Christ,  the  adored  advocate  of  those  that  must  be  saved. 

Anagram. 
John  Christian  Wolf  doctor  of  medicine  and  magistrate  ; 
In  being  serviceable  to  others,  alas  /  he  is  weakened,  and  yields  to  fate. 

The  anagram  is  imperfect  as  to  a  letter  n  in  the  first,  and  a  letter 
/  in  the  second  line. 

The  inscription  also  contained  these  chronogram  dates  of  his  birth 
and  death — 

Johannes  ChrIstIan  WoLf,  M.Dr.  natVs  serVestjE  =     1673 

Joh.  ChrIst.  WoLf,  Dr.  Denat.  qVeDLInbVrg.  =     1723 

And  lower  down  these,  the  last  of  some  rhyming  lines — 
Und  spricht,  was  auch  der  Neid  nicht  leugnen  kann  : 
In  DIeser  kVhLen  grVfft  rVht  eIn  reCht  kLVger  Mann.=     ^23 
i.e.  John  Christian  Wolf  doctor  of  medicine,  was  born  at  Zerbst  in  1673. 

John  Christian  Wolf  doctor,  died  at  Quedlinburg  in  1723. 
Say  what  even  Envy  cannot  deny,  in  this  cold  grave  rests  a  right  learned  man. 

Johann    Meyer  of  Magdeburg,  theologian  and  pastor,  died 
1 2th  December  1563.     His  epitaph,  written  by  Johann  Pomeranius, 
is  as  follows  (from  Zedler,  xx.  1489) — 
Johannes  Meyer  jacet  hie  sub  mole  sepultus, 

Patria  cui  Celebris  Parthenopyrga  fuit. 
Ossa  quidem  placide  Johannis  in  aede  quiescunt, 

Vivit  at  in  rutili  spiritus  arce  poli. 
ConCeDente  Deo  DVoDena  In  LVCe  DeCeMbrIs  =    3962 

Iohannes  MeIer  fata  profVnDa  tVLIt.  =     1563 

55*5 
i.e.  John  Meyer  lies  buried  beneath  this  heavy  structure,  he  to  whom  his 


350  SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS, 

country  was  a  distinguished  '  Virgiris  tower.9  Indeed  the  bones  of  John 
rest  quietly  in  this  churchy  but  his  spirit  lives  in  the  citadel  of  the 
shining  heavens.  God  granting  it,  on  the  1 2th  day  of  December,  John 
Meyer  submitted  to  his  profound  destiny.  The  word  *  Parthenopyrga' 
is  suggestive  of  the  legend  of  Saint  Barbara,  who  was  shut  up  in  a 
tower  by  her  father  for  ber  protection,  and  that  Meyer  died  on  the 
day  assigned  to  her  in  the  calendar;  the  days,  however,  do  not 
correspond,  Her  day  is  the  4th  of  December,  Meyer's  was  the  12th. 
The  first  chronogram  line  shows  the  years  elapsed  from  the  Creation 
to  the  birth  of  Christ,  3962,  according  to  one  of  the  140  different 
dates  given  by  chronologists  for  the  Mundane  era — (the  one  com- 
monly adopted  and  used  would  make  that  year  to  be  4004  rc.) ; — 
the  second  gives  the  year  of  our  Lord  1563,  the  total  gives  the 
Mundane  era  5525  (or,  as  it  would  be  commonly  expressed,  the  year 
5567),  from  the  creation  of  the  world  to  the  death  of  Meyer. 

Jacob  von  Franckenhausen  Syboldus,  pastor  at  Nord- 
hausen,  died  in  1575  j  his  epitaph  in  St.  Blasius'  church  (Zedler,  xli. 
534)  commences — 

Hie  Jacobus  ego  constanti  voce  Syboldus 
Dulcia  consuevi  verba  docere  Dei. 
And  concludes  thus— 
hIC  fragILI  IaCeo  MentIs  ratIone  reLICtVs,  ) 

et  spes  In  soLo  est  sangVIne  ChrIste  tVo.  J  ^75 

i.e.  Here  I,  Jacob,  was  accustomed  by  steadfast  voice  to  teach  the  sweet 
words  of  God. — Here  I  lie  forsaken  by  the  perishable  reason  of  mind, 
and  my  hope  is  in  thy  blood  alone,  O  Christ. 

Cucheinollibeag.  I  possess  an  engraved  portrait  bearing  this 
name,  obtained  from  a  bookseller  in  Germany;  it  was  probably 
intended  for  a  book  illustration,  though  there  is  no  indication  what- 
ever on  it  of  such  a  purpose.  The  accompanying  facsimile  copy  will 
render  description  needless,  I  only  require  attention  to  the  chrono- 
grams engraved  and  printed  beneath  the  portrait.  It  may  be  inferred 
from  the  inscription  around  the  frame  that  the  person  represented  was 
attached  to  an  embassy  from  the  Persian  monarch  to  an  emperor  of 
Germany,  two  of  the  chronograms  give  the  date  1601 ;  at  this  time 
Rudolph,  son  of  Maximilian  11.,  was  emperor  (1576-1612),  and  Abbas  1. 
was  king  of  Persia  (1582-1628).  The  Turks  possessed  Hungary  until 
about  1 7 17,  when,  after  many  defeats,  they  retreated  from  the  country. 
The  dates  141 6  and  15 17  may  be  those  of  Persian  successes  against 
the  Turks.  I  cannot  explain  the  treaties  mentioned,  nor  can  I  identify 
the  last  date ;  it  is  not,  as  might  be  supposed,  the  year  of  the  Hegira 
corresponding  to  1601,  which  would  be  10 10  instead  of  1029.  The 
chronograms  are  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse,  and  I  print  them 
here  in  the  same  type  as  all  others  are  in  these  pages — 
stratVrVs  tVrCas  beLLIs  reX  persa  CeLebrIs,  )  A 

Cesar  DIVe  tVas  hVnC  per  aDIVIt  opeIs.  /  ""     l0ox 


CVCHEINOLLIBEAG  MAGNI  SOPHI  PER- 
'    SAS.VM  M.EC1S  Lecationis  Socivs.&c 


Jtrat0Vs   dfCdf  kLLsh  rcX fcrsa    Cef^ebrk^ 
Gtrar  DWe  Fas  $hC  jtcr  jfflVH  tfds. 


/^  *fir  Mtgnts  rogtffmls  tefcc  Ders  perfih 
^J      etteCFMtFrCIs  beLUCrVentxpsrst* 
fartepoLl  re  CforyfoCHs  n&s  Cernere  per  sis  * 

LFntits  feLtls  &gMIn*ftr£t&tFoLeh 
mnV&t  S  CwLl  reX\  htCfeLcnnte  Ferbn 

tint ;  DtV*  c&Lse  slnt  ratafcrtofvL  0. 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  351 

CjEsar  Magne,  rogat  fortIs  te  fceDera  perses,  =     1 60 1 

et  teCVM  tVrCIs  beLLa  CrVenta  parat.  =     141 6 

FORTft  poLI  reCtor,  soCIIs  nos  Cernere  persIs,  ) 

LVnatIs  peLtIs  agMIna  strata,  VoLet.  j  iS1' 

ann Vat  o  CceLI  reX  ;  hmC  soLennIa  Verba  )  _ 

sInt:  DeVs  e  CeLso  sInt  rata,  ferto,  poLo.  J  I029 

i.e.  The  Persian  king,  celebrated  in  wars,  being  about  to  lay  I07V  the 
Turks,  approached  them,  O  divine  emperor,  through  thy  means.  O 
great  emperor,  the  brave  Persian  asks  a  treaty  of  thee,  and  with  thee  he 
proposes  bloody  war  against  the  Turks.  Perchance  the  ruler  of  the  sky 
may  wish  thai  we,  with  the  Persian  allies,  may  see  the  troops  with  the 
crescent  shields  (the  Turks)  laid  low.  May  the  king  of  heaven  be  favour- 
able to  us,  may  these  words  be  established,  may  God  in  the  lofty  sky 
grant  that  they  be  ratified. 

Francis  iv.  of  France,  Henry  vm.  of  England,  and  Anne 
the  wife  of  Ferdinand,  Archduke  of  Austria  and  King  of  the  Romans, 
died  in  the  same  year — 

franCIsCVs  gaLLIs  :  henrICVs  Ver6  brItannIs,  ) 

roMano  regI  Chara  qVoqVe  VXor  obIt.  J  XS47 

Catharine,  daughter  of  Francis,  Duke  of  Liineburg,  wife  of 
Henry  c  BLurggrafius'  of  Misnia,  died,  aged  17 — 

VXor  In  hoC  TERRiE  tVMVLo  katharIna  qVIesCIt  )  __         A 

bVrggraVII,  CVIVs  spIrItVs  astra  CoLIt.  [  -     T5°5 

Leopold  William,  Archduke  of  Austria :  his  epitaph,  said  to 
be  in  the  crypt  of  the  Capucin  church  at  Vienna,  contains  this  date — 

CoMpLeVIt  DIes  sVos  =     1662 

Vigesima  Novembris. 

Charles  Joseph,  Archduke  of  Austria:  his  epitaph  contains 
this  date — 

Illi  Januarius,  qui  anni  fores  aperit, 
vitas  clausit 
LInzJI  DIe  27.  noCtV  sVb  horaM.  ii.  =     1666 

And  at  the  church  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  at  Cella  (Zell?)  in 
Styria,  where  the  heart  of  the  same  archduke  was  buried,  as  it  seems, 
according  to  his  vow  made  whilst  living,  the  epitaph  commences — 
'  Sub  hoc  saxo  jacet  Magni  Principis,  parva  portio  cor/ — and  con- 
cludes with  this  line — 

Cor  Ioseph  In  ManV  DeIpar^  spoNSiE  reLInqVens.     b     1664 

Catharine  de  Medicis,  widow  of  the  king  of  France,  having 
been  guilty  of  all  sorts  of  murderous  crimes,  is  supposed  to  have  died 
of  poison — '  vel  racerore  et  metu,  vel  quod  alii  suspicantur,  veneno 
hausto  extinguitur  '— 
gaLLICa  qVanDo  seneX  CasV  CatharIna  reCessIt, 


tres  parILI  natos  VIDIt  honore  frVI. 


}=     1588 


Annus 


352  SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS. 

Prince  Henry  of  Bourbon  and  Condd,  son  of  Henry  of 
Navarre — '  regis  patruelis  et  fidus  Jonathan  dum  quasi  exul  in  castris 
contra  Ligistas  moratur,  a  propria  uxore  per  secretarium  suum  veneno 
sustollitur '  (another  case  of  poisoning) — 
CoNDiEVs  patrIa  eIICItVr,  CrassoqVe  Veneno 
CogItVr  EGELIDiE  fata  sVbIre  neCIs. 


}-     1588 


Frederick  IT.,  king  of  Denmark,  died,  aged  54— 
rege  hInC  abrepto  frIDerICo  DanIa  LVget 
VTX  ILLI  posthaC  par  habItVra  CapVt. 


}=     iS88 


Philip,  Marquis  of  Baden,  died  at  Baden  at  the  prepara- 
tion for  his  marriage  with  the  daughter  of  William,  Duke  of  Cleves — 
MarChIo  pertrIstIs  sVbIIt  sVa  fata  phILIppVs  1  «« 

FVNERE,   SIC   LVCTV  SORS   SACRA   LjBTA  ROTAT.  J  5 

Krnest  Bogislaus,  Duke  of  Croy  and  Areschot,  the  thirty- 
fourth  and  last  bishop  of  Camin  or  Cammin  in  Pomerania,  born  1620, 
died  1684,  aged  64  years.  In  a  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
170.  d.  20.)  'Pomerania  diplomatic^  sive  antiquitates  Pomeraniae 
ex  Tabl.  publicis  et  diplomat  vetustis  Scriniorum  sacrorum  et  pro- 
fanorum  magnl  curd  in  lucem  protractis  illustratse/  etc  Francofdrti 
ad  Viadrum.  1707.  40.  The  author  is  Martin  Rango.  At  page 
127  it  is  related  that  the  bishop  occupied  several  positions  of  here- 
ditary and  acquired  honour  in  his  country,  and  we  learn  what  opinions 
he  entertained  of  himself  from  the  Latin  inscription  which  he  com- 
posed and  placed  on  his  own  tonib  two  years  before  he  died, — the  whole 
would  occupy  too  much  space  here ;  it  describes  him,  however,  in 
terms  of  deep  humility,  as  the  most  miserable  sinner,  and  the  least 
deserving  of  divine  pity — nevertheless  he  is  penitent  and  grateful  so 
far  as  in  this  life  it  is  possible,  and  being  mindful  of  death  he  built 
the  monumental  tomb  to  himself  in  1682,  at  the  age  of  62,  in  which 
he  hoped  to  rest  undisturbed  until  the  final  resurrection.  The 
inscription  concludes  with  these  chronograms,  composed  probably 
by  some  one  else — 

sIC  tVa  fata  VIDes  poMerIs,  tIbI  fata  negarVnt.  =     1620 

a£2       Certa  DVCes,  stIrpIsqVe  CaDIt  nVnC  sVrCVLVs  ILLe.    =     1684 

ernestVs  bogIsLaVs  obIt  kroIIana  propago.  =        64 

Johann  Ulrich  was  born  at  'Cahla'  in  Germany,  on  18th 
February  1645,  he  became  the  parish  priest,  noted  for  learning  and 
virtues.  In  17 19  his  parishioners  gave  him  a  nuptial  jubilee,  and  in 
1726  when  he  was  eighty-two  years  old  and  still  performing  some  of 
his  duties,  another  festivity  was  held  to  do  honour  to  this  'Herr 
Senior.'  The  following  'votum  eteostichon  et  onomastico-cabbalisti- 
cum,'  was  made  on  the  occasion  by  one  of  his  friends — 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  353 

VLrICVs  re  Mysta  DeI,  bIs  fLoreat,  opto  )  _  6 

ET  SANE  SENIOR,   Bis  VlREATQVE   BENE.  ■  *'2 


Ha,  ha! 

bene 

70 

Ac  Dominus 

=     427 

J'annes 

=      185 

Ulricus 

=     602 

Floreat 

=     262 

Ore 

=     180 
1726 

The  usual  key  fits  the  above  cabbala,  thus — 

ABCDEFGHI       KLMNOPQ      R      ST      U      fc 
13      34      5      6      7      8     g     10     20    30     40    50    60    70     80     90   zoo   200 

i.e.  May  Ulrich,  in  reality  a  priest  of  the  mysteries  of  God,  flourish 
twofold^  and  I  wish  that  the  '  Senior'  may  grow  vigorous  twice  soundly 
and  well. 

Hdy  ha  I  wel^  and  I  pray  that  Mr.  John  Ulrieh  may  flourish. 
(Extracted  from  Zedler,  xlix.  835.) 

Heinrich  Escher :  a  quarto  volume  contains  the  praises  by 
various  writers,  of  this  Swiss  statesman  (born  1626,  died  17 10),  who, 
to  judgg  by  the  superlative  epithets  which  grace  the  title-page,  was 
held  in  high  estimation  by  the  senate  and  citizens  of  the  republic  of 
Zurich ;  printed  at  Zurich  in  1678,  the  chronograms  indicate  that  year, 
when  Escher  and  Hirzel  were  elected  as  consuls.  The  book  is  without 
pagination,  and  the  only  copy  I  know  of  belongs  to  the  Rev.  Walter 
Begley.    The  title-page  is  as  follows — 

VOTA  SYNCHARISTICA 

Sacra  Supretnis  Honoribus 

Viri  Magnificentissimi,  Nobilissimi,  Amplissimi,  Consultissimi, 

Dn:  Henrici  -dEscheri, 

Inelyta  et  Antiquissimce  Reipublica  JiguHnce 

Dei  T.  O.  M.,  auspiciis,  concordibus  totius  Senatus  Populique, 

calculis,  et  conspirantibus  bonorum  omnium  precibus, 

votis,  gratulationibus,  Die  xxii.  Junii  mdclxxviii.  delecti 

Consulis,  Patriae  Patris  optimi. 

Gentis  Helvetica,  Tigurina  cumprimis  delicii. 

Proverb:  ii.  7.  Domus  Justorum  stabit. 
Tiguri,  Typis  Davidis  Gessneri  mdclxxviii. 
Passing  over  all  but  the  chronograms,  and  their  immediate  sur- 
roundings, we  find  on  sheet  c  3  a  poem  to  Escher  with  this  title — 
VIro  strenVIssIMo,  prVDentI,  pIo  orbIs  nostrI  ConsVLI.=     1678 
Henricus  Escherus  vivat ! 
Anagrammatice. 
Unica  Virtus  haec  res. 
2  Y 


354 


SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS. 


The  poem  concludes  with  this  couplet  and  subscription — 
Hos  Deus  in  Coelo  Lauro  Victrice  coronet. 
Vt  sVaVIqVe  poLo  gaVDIa  MILLe  ferant  !  = 

gratVLatVr  petrVs  fVesLInVs  In  I  = 

teMpLo  D.  petrI  pastor.  J 

we  find  '  Epigramma  votivum '  addressed  to  Escher. 


r 
}- 
}- 


On  sheet  d 
Anno  quo- 

esCherVs  aC  hIrzeLLIUs 
In  paCe  bInI  ConsULes 
UnA  regant  MagnIfICI  ! 
On  sheet  f  a  poem  ends  with  this  couplet — 
fLoreat  iEsCHERVs  fceLICI  ConsVL  In  Vrbe, 
et  nVMeret  LiErfc  seCVLa  grata,  rogo  ! 
On  the  next  page  an  epigram  ends  with — 
jesCherVs  ConsVL  tIgVrIna  VIVIt  In  Vrbe: 
LVCeat  hIC  soL,  DVX  VIr,  VaLeatqVe  DIV. 
In  sheet  f  3  a  '  Dialogismus  Votivus '  commences  thus — 
Heusl  quis  laetatur?  Pietas>  Rcspublica,  paxque 

Dum  sua  virtuti%  praemia  digna  manent 
Plausus  an  est  tantus  ?  cur  non  sit  tantus  et  ardens  ? 

sEscheridum  magna,  gloria  prima  dotnus 
thVrICa  sCeptra  tenet  ConsVL  nVnC  optIMVs  heros,    )  = 
ac  certk  nostras  spss  ivbet  esse  ratas.  j 

The  verses  conclude  with  'Chronicon  Votivum  quadruplex' — 

1. 

CVM  sCeptro,  prases,  patrLe  LVX,  paXqVe  perennes 

sICqVe  opto  eX  VotIs,  Vt  tVa  CVnCta  fLVant. 

2. 
VotVM  est,  fata  aDsInt,  paX  et  ConsILIa  faVsta.       = 

3. 
VItaM  opto  ConsVL,  rogIto,  6  DeVs,  annVe  VotIs.       = 

4. 
pVra  fIDes,  ConsVL  Ml,  te  tegat,  aVrea  VIrtVs.        = 

In  sheet  g  2  a  sonnet  in  French  is  preceded  {inter  alia)  by  this 
chronogram  couplet — 

aLbano  qV«stor  CLaro  LegatVs  es  aLMe, 
postICo  ConsVL  fIs,  patrLeqVe  CapVt. 

In  sheet  g  3  there  are  some  short  epigrams ;  this  is  one — 
In  curis  euros 
Eteosticho  ad  multos  annos. 
eLeCtVs  MerIt6  CVrator  es  VrbIs  et  orbIs, 
In  CVrIs  CVras,  ConsILIo,  aVXILIo. 
(The  reason  for  this  date  is  uncertain,  it  may  mean  a  wish  that 
he  should  live  for  many  years.) 

On  sheet  l  2  a  long  German  poem  concludes  with  this  subscrip- 
tion— 


}- 


}- 


}- 


1678 
1678 


=  1678 

1678 
1678 


1678 

1678 

1678 
1678 
1678 

1678 
1699 


■    i 

SOME  DISTINGUISHED  PERSONS.  355  $ 

Zurich,  den  4  Christmondes,  im  Jahr 

sVsser  frIeDe  trett  aVf  erD  !                       I  r  %                                                '•■■& 

aLLes  LVstbar,  eInIg  VVerD!                      j  -  1075                                                 .^ 

Gerold  Edlebach.  ■! 

In  sheet  n  3  an  anagram  on  his  name  is  followed  by —  i 

eCCe  !  jesCherVs  Constans  nostra  est  ConsVL  In  Vrbe;  )  _  ,  g                                                  % 

PRjEFECtVs,   qVjESTOR,   IaM   PATER   EST  PATRIjE.  J   ~~       '     '  '\ 

In  sheet  02a  poem  is  concluded  with  this  eteostichon —  1 

fLoreat  henrICVs  tIgVrena  ConsVL  In  Vrbe  1  6  g  j 

^sCherVs,  DoneC  Longa  seneCta  Data!  J  '  -** 

On  sheet  o  3  this  chronogram  is  at  the  conclusion  of  a  poem —  ** 

sIC  VoVeo  6  ConsVL  tIbI  pLeno  eX  peCtorIs  jEStV,         >  __       ,  „ 
sis  ConsVL  feLIX,  A  nVMIne  et  eXpeto,  faXIt.  J  ~     I0y5 

In  sheet  p  3  a  long  German  poem  concludes  with  this  subscrip- 
tion— 

Im  Jahr,  da  ein  fromme  Seel  seufzet : 

aCh  herr  IesV,  DV  treVer  gott,  )  _      6  g 

stanD  DV  Vns  beI  In  aLer  noth.  j  ' 

Joannes  Freudweiller. 
On  the  last  page  a  poem  concludes  with  this  distich  and  subscrip- 
tion— 

Da  DeVs,  Vt  PATRliE  perVIVat  sIDere  ConsVL  =     1678 

feLICI,  Vt  VIDeat  teMpora  faVsta  seneX.  =     1678 

Hisce  Magnificentissimo  Domino  Consuli  summos 
gratatur  honores  et  vitam  longaevam  adprecatur 
devotus  ejus  cliens 

Casp:  Huberus,  v .  d  .  m  . 


\ 


NUPTIAL  VERSES,  FUNERAL  ORATIONS, 
AND  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS. 


HESE  opposite  subjects  are  frequently  associated 
together  in  one  and  the  same  volume,  although 
always  printed  independently  in  the  form  of  tracts. 
Collectors  of  such  publications  in  times  past  have 
done  good  service  in  preserving  them  by  binding  up 
in  volumes  sometimes  thirty  or  forty  of  the  tracts,  many  consisting 
of  but  a  few  pages,  and  likely  to  have  been  lost  but  for  such  careful 
treatment  Among  the  nations,  the  Germans  especially  were 
accustomed  to  commemorate  their  friends  by  joyous  or  lugubrious 
verses  in  Latin,  and  they  frequently  adorned  and  enlivened  their 
compositions  by  chronograms ;  the  reader  will  find  many  examples 
at  pages  309  to  317  of  my  former  book  on  Chronograms^  and  the 
following  pages  contain  those  which  have  been  obtained  by  subse- 
quent research,  including  some  of  Hungarian  and  Dutch  authorship. 

A  volume  of  tracts,  '  Congratulatory  and  condolatory  verses,'  in  the 
British  Museum  Library  (press-mark  11 60.  h.  1.  1-39),  quarto. 

Tract  No.  6  contains  verses  thus  addressed  to  Johannes  Stern  of 
Salfeld— 

MagIstro  IohannI  stern,  saLLfeLDensI.  =     1654 

And  other  verses  to  him  conclude  with  this  couplet — 
VI Ve  IgItVr,  fLore  CeDant  tIbI  sIngVLa  faVsta,  )  _       , 

et  CerVI  LatVs  seCVLa  prIsCa  VIDe  !  J  ""     I054 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC.  357 

Tract  No.  10  is  a  lamentation  on  the  death  of  Fridericus  Gloxinus 
of  Liibeck.    Some  verses  conclude  with  this  couplet,  showing  the 
year,  day,  and  month  of  his  death,  the  19th  July  1655 — 
Vt  JVLII  bIs  qVIna  DIes  aC  nona  refVLget,  )  _       , 

eXspIrans  gLoXIn  CceLICa  teCta  VIDet.  J  "~     I055 

Tract  No.  18  is  in  praise  of  Justus  Kunneken  of  Hildesheim  at 
the  University  of  Jena.    Some  verses  conclude  with — 

Anno  quo 
LaVDe  MagIstraLI  ornatVs  VeneratVr  IVstVs 


kVnnkenIVs,  terrje  gratVs  honore  sViE. 


}=     1654 


Tract  No.  27  is  a  poetic  congratulation  on  the  marriage  of 
Antonius  Straubelius  and  Anna  Dorothea  Deusch  on  24th  September 
1657.  Among  other  poetry,  there  is  a  set  of  acrostic  verses  on  their 
names,  preceded  by  anagrams,  also  on  the  names.  The  last  couplet 
is  this  chronogram — 

VIVant,  Vernantes  VIreant,  VIgeant  qVoqVe  sponsI:      )  = 
sponsIs  reXqVe  sIon  pIgnora  Donet,  aMen!  J         x"7 

The  tract  concludes  with  this  couplet — 
gott  geb*  Ihn'n  nestors  Ihar,  gVts,  VVohLfart,  gVte  zeIt,  1 
ehr,  IVnge  zWeIgLeI^  VnD  zV  Letzt  DIe  beste  freVD  I    ]  ""       '  °' 

The  two  foregoing  chronograms  are  an  example  of  the  difficulties 
which  occur  in  the  path  of  the  chronogram-hunter.  The  intended 
date  is  doubtless  1657  ;  neither  couplet  agrees,  one  makes  1557,  the 
the  other  1707,  and  both  agree  literally  with  the  original  print  The 
error  rests  with  either  the  author  or  the  printer.  It  is  often  possible 
to  correct  a  printer's  error,  but  here  I  am  unable  to  suggest  the 
needful  correction,  and  I  have  wasted  some  time  in  trying  to  rectify 
that  of  the  author. 


Nuptial  poems  addressed  to  Christopher  Schellenberg,  in  a  volume 
belonging  to  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  having  for  its  title,  '  Christo- 
phori  Schellenbergii  Annebergensis  carminum  nuptialium,  libri  duo.' 
No  date  or  pagination.     The  following  chronograms  occur — 

Tempus  nuptiarum. 
ChrIstophoro  ConIVnX  sCheLnbergo  VbI  ContIgIt  anna,  )  _ 

LVX  septeMbrIs  IIt  ter  noVa  bIsqVe  qVater.  J  "39 

/.*.  When  Anna  became  a  wife  to  Christopher  Schellenberg,  the  new  light 
of  September  had  departed  three  and  twice  four  times  {on  the  1  \th 
September). 

Near  the  end  of  the  volume  another  marriage  is  thus  noted ;  the 
chronogram  is  printed  in  capital  letters  all  of  one  size,  the  date  letters 
are  not  specially  distinguished  as  I  print  them— 

Dimetron  Tetrastichon,  continens  tempus  nuptiarum,  nobilis- 
simorum  et  virtute  ornatissimorum  Henrici  de  Schleinitz  Saddani, 
Justinse  Joannis  de  Ponica,  F.   Anno  1563.  (Continued  on  next  page.) 


358  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

LVX  VICIes  et  seXIes  oCtobrIs  orbI  hVIC  ) 

fVLserat   IVstIna  DIgnos  qVanDo  se    InIbat  henrICI^=     1563 

THOROS.  j 
>    •♦-    < 

FUNERAL  orations  and  dirges  relating  to  persons  of  note  in 
Germany  in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries.  Eight 
volumes  of  tracts  (British  Museum,  press-mark  12301.  dd.  1-8.), 
labelled,  *  Orationes  funebres  et  Epicedia  illustrata.'  A  dull  subject, 
but  in  some  respects  interesting  and  curious,  with  an  occasional  pas- 
sage of  a  cheerful  character,  such,  for  instance,  as  a  marriage.  I  notice 
those  only  which  afford  chronograms,  and  they  are  not  numerous. 

VoL  ii.  Tract  4.  Parentalia  reverendo  viro  D.  Philippo  Heil- 
brunnero  (Doctor  of  Theology)  facta  a  Georgio  Cleminio.  Ulm,  161 6. 
No  pagination.  Among  a  number  of '  Carmina  lugubria'  concerning 
this  good  man,  Philip  Heilbrunn,  we  find  on  sheet  G,  '  Eteostichon, 
Annum  mensem  diem,  quo  ex  h&c  vit&  decessit,  eetatem  etiam,  et 
mensem  in  se  continens,' 

Vt  Vaga  phryX  eIs  VbI  It  soL  sIJDera  brVtI,  )  * 

Mors  rVpIt  VItte  fILa,  phILIppe,  tVje.  J  7 

Honoris  et  amoris  ergb  scripsit  Nicolaus  Kirchmair, 
Monhemio  Palatinus,  Die  20  Aprilis  Anno  h, 
Virginis  partu 
assere  qV/eso  tVos,  ChrIste  theanDre,  ManV.  =     1616 

The  first  of  these  two  chronograms  is  made  up  thus — 

The  year  of  his  death  is  mentioned  as         .        .        .1616 

In  April  the  fourth  month 4 

The  seventeenth  day  of  the  month      .        .        .        .         17 
His  age  is  mentioned  in  the  following  doleful  sentence 
as  nearly  70,  say 69 


1706 


The  title-page  mentions  of  him: — 'Qui  xvii.  Aprilis  calendarii 
novi,  anno  Christi  mdcxvi.  annos  prope  septuaginta  natus,  ex  hac 
misera  et  calamitosd,  vita  in  beatam  illam  et  sempiteraa  laetitia  afflu- 
entem  cbramigravit'  Observe  the  unusual  spelling  of  the  word 
'sidera*  ('sydera'),  here  printed  in  the  manner  occasionally  seen  in 
Continental  books ;  the  letters  I J  =  2  are  necessary  to  the  chronogram. 

VoL  iii.  contains  a  song  of  mourning  for  the  death  of  iEgidius 
Hunnius  in  1603.  ' Threnologia  de  vita,  rebus  gestis  et  tristissimo 
simul  ac  beatissimo  obitu  iEgidii  Hunnii'  (doctor  of  theology  at 
Witteburg).  Autore  Leonharto  Huttero.  Witteburg,  1604.  At 
page  50  an  elegy  concludes  with  this 

Etcootixov. 
hAC  IaCet  egIDIVs  CLarIs  VIr  DotIbVs  aVCtVs 


hVnnIVs  In  terrA,  Cetera  saXo  refert. 


I  s     1603 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC.  359 

VoL  vi  Tract  2.  On  the  life,  occupations,  and  death  of  Martin 
Chemnitz.  '  Oratio  de  vitit  studiis  et  obitu  reverendi  .  .  .  Martini 
Chemnitii  doctoris  theologfe  .  .  .  Autore  Joanne  Gasmero.'  Printed 
at  Chemnitz  (?)  1588.    On  the  last  page  is  this 

ET€OOTtX0^» 

preCo  fIDeLIs  obIt  ChrIstI  heI  gottfrIDVs,  Vt  aLtVs     \  =        « 
LanIgerI  peCorIs  CynthIVs  astra  qVatIt.  J         **  ' 

This  relates  to  Jacobus  Godfridus,  a  notable  man  at  Chemnitz. 

Tract  3.  'De  vit&  et  morte  Casparis  WildiL'  Tubingen,  1584. 
The  last  page  contains  the  following  chronogram  and  acrostic  verses — 

Distichon. 
Containing  the  place,  year,  month,  and  day  of  his  death. 
seXta  DIes  febrVI  fVLgebat  In  aXe  CorVsCo,  I  _        ft 

In  tVbIa  eXtInCtVs  WILDIVs  Vrbe  IaCet.  J  "     I5*4 

Epitaphium  ejusdem. 

Hac    jacet   exi  JVI  i  u  s    c  o  n  t  eOtus  Wildius    V rn4 

I  n  c  1  y  t       A   quern      •  vit  A     fama       sVperstes  habet 

Gonsiliis    maCjrnis    DucibuS    qui     profult  almis 

In    .  prim  I  s  Patri,  D  u  x  Ludovice,  tuo. 

Aspexit    mioeros  mAnsueto    corL/e  benignus, 

Canden     1  i  cunctis  pectolve  Iustus  erat. 

Ex    totoque   DrLum  col  Vit  conamine  cvjus, 

1  andem  sed  meivitb,  bydera        bumma  colit. 

Majores  liters  h«c  verba  continent 

Hie  iacet  magister  Casparvs  Wildivs. 

The  distich  chronogram. 

i.e.  The  sixth  day  of  February  arose  in  the  gleaming  sky,  {when) 

Wildius  lies  dead  at  the  city  of  Tubingen. 

His  epitaph. 
The  renowned  Wildius  lies  hidden  in  this  tomb — he  whom  splendid 
fame  regards  as  a  survivor  in  life — he  who  was  of  service  to  great  Dukes 
by  his  genial  counsels — and  chiefly  to  thy  fattier^  O  Duke  Lewis. — The 
kind  man  regarded  the  unhappy  ones  with  a  tender  heart, — he  was  just 
to  all  with  the  warmest  feeling. — He  served  God  to  his  utmost  endea- 
vour; at  last,  and  deservedly,  he  dwells  in  the  highest  stars  (in  heaven). 
The  large  letters  compose  these  words — 
Hie  jacet  Magister  Casparus  Wildius. 
i.e.  Here  lies  Master  Caspar  Wild. 

Vol.  vii.  A  tract,  among  others,  on  the  death  of  John  Rudolph 
Westen,  doctor  of  theology.  Basle,  1685.  At  page  80  is  an  elegy, 
'Planctus  super  obitu  pife  in  Domino  defuncti  patrui;'  with  some 
verses,  which  are  followed  by  these  lines  to  his  uncle  and  his 
wife(?)_ 


360  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

Lectissirao  conjugum  pari. 
eX  Voto  Vos  Vna  DIes  ConIVnXIt  aM antes.     (**#****.)        =     1643 
LVXIt  et  eXtInCtos  hebDoMas  Vna  sIbI.       £££0/*.)        =     1684 
Scilicet  unaniraes  qui  tot  vixistis  in  annos, 
Vultis  et  fleterni  pace,  simulque  frui. 

i.e.  To  the  most  choice  married  couple. 
Ye  loving  ones,  one  day  joined  you  by  a  vow.    So  one  week  shone 
on  them  extinguished.    Certainly  as  ye  lived  in  harmony  for  many  years, 
so  ye  would  desire  to  enjoy  eternal  peace  together. 

(The  first  chronogram  line  gives  the  year  of  their  marriage,  the 
second  that  of  their  death.) 

Tract  7.  The  title  is  briefly  as  follows — '  Lacrymae  Lectianse,  seu 
de  •  .  .  principis  Friderici  Mauriti  Anhaltini  vita  et  obitu  .  .  •  oratio 
Jac  Lecti  ...  17  kaL  Nov.  1610  .  .  .  in  academia  Genevensi. — 
Soteropoli  Anhaltinorum, 

Anno  Verbi  in  carne  exhibiti 
sors  prInCIpIs  In  ManV  prjepotentIs  DeI  est.'  =  16 11 
There  are  many  odes  and  elegies  on  the  premature  death  of  the 
prince;  the  first,  at  page  31,  consists  of  ten  lines,  commencing,  'Da 
veniam  generose  puer,'  the  last  line  ending  with  '  veniam  da  generose 
puer,1  and  signed  *  Iacobus  Lectius.'  Another  elegy  addresses  him 
as  *  Floscule,'  and  '  Fortunate  puer,'  all  treating  him  as  a  boy.  The 
colophon  is 

SOTEROPOLI 
jypis  Ddrferianis 
ANNO 
sors  hoDIe  MIhI;  Cras  VenIet  tIbL  =     161 1 

Tract  12.     '  Facula  nuptialis.' 
Boni  ominis  ergo 
ex  debito  Amore,  Honore  accensa. 
Ratisponae  1658. 

(On  the  marriage  of  Rochus  Roselius,  a  man  of  high  family 
at  Nuremberg,  with  Catherine  Kerscher,  daughter  of  a  distinguished 
person  at  Ratisbon.)  The  title-page  is  full  of  compliment  and 
adulation,  and  the  tract  is  filled  with  poems  and  epithalamia  by 
various  writers.  That  one,  numbered  xiv.,  consists  of  ten  pages  of 
verse,  with  a  'Labyrinth-square,'  which  seems  to  be  incorrectly 
printed,  and  obscure  as  to  meaning ;  it  consists  of  fifteen  lines,  with 
a  large  letter  S  in  the  centre,  from  which  the  reading  is  to  commence 
with  the  word  '  Sic*    It  is  signed  and  dated  thus — 

Haec  Nobilissimis  Sponsis  Patronis  aeternura 
Venerandis  humillimfe  obtulit 
Devotissimus  cliens 

In  Nuptialibus  gaudiis. 
MaII  qVarta  DIes  apparet  soLe  beato,  \  _       ,  g 

SPONSE  SERENE  SONA,   SPONSA   SERENA   CAPE.  J  ^ 


COMPLIMENTAR  Y  POEMS,  ETC.  36 1 

Tract  15  is  to  the  memory  of  John  Wolffgang  Grunewald,  a 
distinguished  man  at  Ratisbon,  who  died  of  a  severe  illness,  *  gravis- 
simo  morbo  oppressus  naturae   debitum  reddidisset/  18  kal.  Dec. 
1684.    Among  several  pages  of  verse  is  this 
Eteostichon  lugubre. 
eheV  IaM  nobIs  Letho  sVrreptVs  aCerbo  )  _       6g 

DefensorqVe  potens  eXIIt  orbe  pater  !  /         I     4 

i.e.  Alas  now,  snatched  away  from  us  by  bitter  death,  a  father  and 
a  strong  defender  has  departed  from  the  world. 

Vol  viii.  Tract  7,  on  the  death  of  Lewis  vi.,  Duke  of  Bavaria  and 
Elector  Palatine,  'Epicedia  in  obitum  ...  Ludovici  s.  r.  i.  archida- 
piferi  et  Electoris  .  .  .  Ducis  Bavariae  .  .  .  Qui  pie  placideque  ex 
hie  vit&  decessit,  anno  salutis  1583,  4  Idibus  Octobris. — Heidelberg, 
1S&3-  ('•*•  I2*h  October.)  Conscripta  a  diversis  authoribus,,  etc. 
Distichon  continens  symbolum  et  annum  obitus  ejusdem. 

Then  follow  six  of  the  chronograms,  which  are  given  in  my 
book  Chronograms  (published  in  1882),  page  125,  but  in  somewhat 
different  order.  Then  on  another  page  of  tract  No.  7  is  the  follow- 
ing— 

Distichon  annum,  mensem,  et  diem,  quibus  illustrissimus  Elector 
humanis  rebus  exemptus  est,  comprehendens, 

oCtobrIs  bIs  seXta  DIes  VbI  fVLserat  orbI,  )  =         « 

CceLestI,  eLeCtor,  seDe,  reCeptVs,  obIIt.  /  *  3 

1  Aliud  aetatis  annum  continens.'    (Not  a  chronogram,  but  giving  his 
age  as  forty-four  years.) 

Ter  denos  quatuorque  annos,  duo  lustraque  postquam 
Corapl6ras,  superos,  Dux  Lvdovice  petis. 
Le.  A  distich  containing  the  year  and  day  in  which  the  most  illustrious 
Elector  was  relieved  from  human  affairs, 

When  the  twice  sixth  day  of  October  shone  in  the  world,  the  Elector 
died,  being  received  at  the  celestial  throne. 

Another  distich  containing  his  age  (not  a  chronogram).  Three  times 
ten  years  and  four,  and  two  lustrums  furthermore,  thou,  O  Duke  Lewis, 
didst  complete,  and  thou  seekest  the  higher  regions  (heaven).  His  age 
is  thus  made  forty-four  years.  He  was  born  in  1539,  and  he  died  in 
1583. 

Tract  6.  An  oration  on  the  funeral  of  Leonard  Engelhart  of 
Tubingen.  '  Martini  Crusii  .  .  .  oratio  .  .  .  de  vit&  clarissimi  et 
doctissimi  viri  Leonhardi  Engelharti  pronunciata  xv.  Aprilis, 
cid  .  idc  .  in.     (Tubingen,  1603.)    On  page  48  is 

Carmen 
Annum  mensem  et  diem  mortis  complectens 
ter  seX  et  qVInos  aVgVstVs  abegerat  ortVs:  )  __       , 

engeLharte  seneX,  fata  geMenDa  sVbIs.  ]         l  °2 

i.e.  A  verse  including  the  year,  month,  and  day  of  his  death. — August 

2  z 


362  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

had  driven  away  twice  six  and  five  sunrises,  when  thou,  O  aged  Engel- 
hart,  dost  undergo  thy  lamentable  fate  (or,  in  plain  words,  he  died  on  the 
17th  August  1602). 

VoL  i,  tracts  from  1560  to  1605.    )  r™,,^  An  _„*  ^„t„:„  „„„ 
Vol  *     „       „     1633  to  1768.    \TYlT  do  not  contain  ™* 


??&?¥¥wwww? 


A  curious  and  rare  book  in  my  possession,  printed  at  Pesth  in 
jr\  Hungary,  in  the  year  1818  (8°,  pp.  130),  consists  of  218 
short  Latin  poems  or  complimentary  verses  addressed  to  persons 
living  at  that  time,  by  Emericus  Danits,  ex-Regius-Professor  at  the 
University  of  Pesth.  The  poems  are  in  hexameter  and  pentameter 
metre,  and  each  contains  one  or  more  of  those  verses  in  chronogram. 
The  collection  was  privately  printed  by  the  professor,  for  distribution 
among  his  friends,  and  it  is  noticeable  as  a  late  instance  of  the  prac- 
tice of  writing  chronograms.  A  copy  of  the  work  is  very  seldom  to  be 
met  with  even  in  the  land  of  its  production.  The  poems  contain 
317  chronograms;  the  subjects,  however,  are  not  of  any  special 
interest,  and  a  few  extracts  will  suffice  to  show  their  general 
character. 


The  title-page  is  very  simple.    It  contains  only  these  words 

ChronostICa 

eX-professorIs  regII  ^  =     181 7 

eMerICI  DanIts.J 

Pesthini, 

Typis  Joannis  Thomae  Trattner. 

1818. 


}- 


On  the  back  of  the  title-page,  the  author  addresses  Zoilus,  a  name 
that  may  be  taken  to  mean  a  real  or  supposed  critic  of  the  work.  The 
actual  Zoilus  flourished  about  b.c.  400. 


\ 


aVCtor 

PRO  .  Q 

^IbeLLo  sVo  f  =     l8x7 

aD  zoILVM. 
Zoile !  Quod  voto ;  si  forsan  quaeris  acumen ; 

non  sVbsCrIbo  tVo;  Da  VenIaM  :  hoC  Careo.  =     181 7 

Candida  vota  sinu  niveo  comprensa  videbis; 

naM  bene  sInCerVs  CanDor  aCVta  fVgIt.  =     181 7 

In  Latiis  numeris  ut  presens  prodeat  annus : 
hoC  fVerat  NosTRiE  CaLLIopes  stVDIVM.  =     181 7 


risra 


m 


COMPLIMENTAR  Y  POEMS,  ETC.  363 

The  work  is  dedicated  to  Ferdinand  1.,  Emperor  of  Austria  and 
King  of  Hungary,  in  a  poem  of  sixteen  lines,  of  which  two  are 
chronograms.     After  this,  some  verses  follow,  at  page  4,  addressed  to . 
the  Archduke  Joseph  on  18th  of  April — 

Gloria  Apostolici,  Pro-Rex  celsissime,  Regni ; 

DeLICLe  hVngarICI  (stIrpIs  aMor)  popVLI  !  =     181 7 

Ortu  festivae,  dulcis  Patria  excita,  lucis, 

gaVDIa  De  pVro  CorDe  reVeCta  Can  It.  =     181 7 

Dant  tibi  turba  toga,  dant  vota  sagoque  Verendi, 

His  neCtas,  QViEso,  qVm  saCra  MVsa  DICat.  =     1817 

Prospera  ssecula  agas ;  agat  et  lectissima  Princeps, 

haeC  CeLsI  geMInant:  orDo,  statVs  popVLVs  !        =     181 7 

It  is  explained  in  a  note  to  the  seventh  line,  that  Divine  Providence 
ruled  otherwise.     Hermina,  the  wife  of  the  Archduke,  having  given 
birth  to  twins,    'mascula   et  femella,'  died  at  Buda  on   the   4th 
September. 
• 

Verses  at  page  19,  to  Emericus  Kelemen,  a  learned  professor  of 
science,  and  a  legal  functionary  at  Pesth,  5th  November — 
Doctrina  Juris  Patrii,  celeberrime  Doctor, 

qVm  DICat  hoC  festo,  sVsCIpe,  MVsa  rogo.  =     181 7 

Concedat,  doctos  post  lustra  per  octo  labores, 

fLoreat  InCoLVMIs  Vestra  seneCta,  DeVs  !  =     181 7 

Haec  tibi  votorum,  niveo  de  pectore,  gratus 
offert,  ter  CLaro  MVnera  DIsCIpVLVs!  ==     181 7 

Verses,  at  page  64,  to  Georgius  Bertalan,  a  most  deserving  clergy- 
man, *  pro  transmisso  1  Sept  melioris  note  vino.'  (For  having  sent 
some  rare  good  wine  to  the  author) — 

Largiris  munus,  quo  non  mihi  gratius  ullum ; 

aDDItVs  est  baCCho  DIWs  apoLLo  bene!  =     1817 

Hoc  lassa  ad  versus  animatur  munere  vena, 

IsthoC  De  saCro  Metra  LIqVore  fLVVnt!  =     181 7 

Grates  cum  voto  capias  pro  munere  :  Baccho 
gVtta  CaDos  pVro  MILLe,  preCor,  trIbVat!  =     181 7 

Verses,  at  page  68,  to  Joannes  Nepomuk  Horvath,  'Ordin. 
Cisterciens:  presbyter,  in  Gymnasio  Quinque-EccL  II.  Humanit: 
professor,'  18th  June.  He  succeeded  the  author  in  the  professor's 
chair  at  Pesth  University. 

Et  mea,  Successor,  pro  festa  luce,  docendi 

Horvath,  officio  suscipe  voto  pia. 
Di !  te  florentem  per  prospera  secula  servent, 

Sintque  tibi  faciles  in  tua  vota,  precor ! 
Hoc  avet  e  niveo  tibi  pectore  cultor  Amicus, 
hoC  aVet  orDo  saCer;  MVsaqVe;  reLLIgIo!  =     1817 


364  COMPLIMENTAR  Y  POEMS,  ETC. 

Verses,  at  page  74,  to  John  Nepomuk1  Hainer,  'Comitis  Antonii 
Battyin  Frumentarius,'  15  th  June — 

Gaudeo  !  Festa  dies  nitido  splendescit  ab  axe, 

Hainer,  Patroni,  Nepomucene,  tui ! 
Tu,  Conjux ;  soboles,  per  secula  vivite  faustd, 

te  preCor,  et  CrcesVM  DeXterItas  faCIat!  =     181 7 

Verses,  at  page  76,  to  Paul  Cs£nk,  professor,  on  his  marriage — 
Christi  lege  tibi,  Csink,  jungitur  innuba  Virgo, 

Ut  consors  vitae,  Paule  sit  ilia  tuae.       % 
Candida  Consortes  capiatis  vota  novelli, 

Quae  vobis  praesens  lecta  corona  litat. 
feLICes  nVMerate  DIes  per  seCVLa!  Vestra  =     181 7 

Et,  si  fuerit  binorum  corpore  in  uno 
Unum  velle  pium ;  mens,  amor  atque  labor ! 

Verses,  at  page  82,  to  Joseph  Holbling,  who  suffered  very  often 
from  pains  in  his  throat  and    stomach.      ('Sodales    apothecarius, 
gutturis  et  stomachi  doloribus  saepius  laborans.')     xiv.  Kal.  Aprilis — 
Tercentis  sexaginta  post  quidque  diebus, 
Patroni,  Holbling,  sol  festa  tui  revehit 
Gratulor !  hancque  tibi  per  prospera  secla,  Josephe 

Ut  revehat  lucem  laetus  Apollo,  precor ! 
Insuper  opto :  tuae  longae  vitae,  juvenile 
aCCeDat  robVr  gVttVrIs  et  stoMaChI  !2  =     181 7 

Verses,  at  page  85,  to  Vilhelm  IU&sy,  '  auditor  *  in  the  School  of 
Philosophy  at  Pesth  University,  30th  July — 
Praeterito  tibi  pro  festo  quae  Musa  vovebat, 
ILLa  etIaM  nVnC  Dat  peCtore  Vota  sVo!  =     18 17 

Verses,  at  page  89,  to  the  Baron  John  Nepomuk  B&sdn,  who,  at 
the  age  of  eight  years,  was  placed  under  the  care  of  the  author  for  his 
education — 

Parvule,  Blzsdn !  quern  formandum  suscipio,  sis 

faC,  qVonDaM  Vt  PATRl-ffi  gLorIa  CeLsa  tVje!  =     181 7 

Numina,  cum  tenerae  aetatis  flore,  ingenua  ars,  et 

Dent,  CresCat  VIrtVs,  nepoMVCene,  pIa!  =     181 7 

Te,  Deus,  hunc  formem,  Vires,  pro  Principe  regno 
ConCeDe,  eXoro,  Corporis  atqVe  anIMaI  =     1817 

Page  10 1  is  a  separate  title-page  to  a  supplementary  part  of  the 
work,  in  these  words — 


1  John  Nepomuk  as  a  Christian  name  occurs  frequently  among  the  author's  friends.  The 
name  John  Baptist  also  occurs. 

1  The  only  instance  known  to  me,  of  a-  chronogram  alluding  to  these  important  portions 
of  the  human  body. 


r 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC.  365 

ChronostICa  VotIVa  \ 

PROFESSOR  Is  >  =      1 8 1 6 

eMerICI  DanIts.  ) 

The  verses,  etc.,  are  very  much  of  the  same  character  as  those 
which  are  comprised  in  the  preceding  part  of  the  work. 

Verses,  at  page  104,  to  Valentin  Vizer,  a  clergyman,  'Cath. 
Ecclesiae  quinque-Eccles.  Canonicus,  Literatorum  Maecenas,'  17th 
March — 

Festa  Valentini,  Maecenas,  reddit  Olympo 

Phoebus ;  cultoris  suscipe  vota  tuL 
VIVe  DIV  VegetVs  saCratje  reLLIgIonI  !  I  _       c  a 

VIVe  etIaM  feLIX  artIbVs  IngenVIs.  /  ~"     IttID 

Verses,  at  page  123,  to  Francis  Nagy,  a  newly-made  clergyman, 
*  in  ecclesia  FF.  Miseric  primitias  celebrans,'  consisting  only  of  these 
two  chronogram  lines — 

prIMItIas,  franCIsCe,  tVas  DesIgnat  hIC  annVs,        =     1716 
In  CVnCtos  sternat  MVnera  saCra  graDVs.  =     1716 

Primitiae  is  a  service  indicated  by  that  name  in  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church.  Other  usual  meanings  are  the  first-fruits  of  the 
year  that  were  offered  to  the  gods, — die  first  year's  profits  of  a 
benefice. 

The  last  set  of  verses,  at  p.  124,  is  as  follows — 
Epitaphium 
Leopoldinae,  natse  Nikl,  Antonii  Torok,  Spani  Ligethiensis,  consortis. 
Pallida  membra,  Torok,  Leopoldinae,  genitore 

Nikl,  prognatae,  contegit  iste  lapis. 

Praecoce  sublatae  fato,  lugensque,  lubensque, 

Consorti  conjux  haec  monumenta  locat 

IsthIC  sIta  est 

LeopoLDIna  torok 

genItorIbVs  nIkL 

progenIta 

obIIt  >=     1816 

qVarta  septeMbrIs 

anno  ^etatIs  XXVII 

serVatorIs  nostrI  ; 

sVppVta. 

uc.  Here  is  placed  Leopoldina  THrok,  born  of  the  family  of  Nikl.     She 
died  on  the  4th  September  in  the  year  of  our  Saviour;  count  it  up  / 


•^3t^tlfe^t^t^^^3t^^^ 


366  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

A  tract,  probably  a  very  rare  one  (folio),  belonging  to  the  Rev. 
Walter  Begley,  published  at  Tyrnau  in  Hungary,  has  a  very 
conspicuous  title-page,  entirely  in  chronogram;  it  is  a  remarkable 
example,  and  therefore  I  give  on  the  opposite  page  a  facsimile  of  it 
It  may  be  read  plainly  as  follows,  in  sentences,  showing  the  date  17 14 
ten  times  repeated.  The  stars  to  be  observed  in  the  original  are  used 
to  separate  the  chronograms.  After  such  a  beginning  it  is  singular 
that  the  tract  contains  no  other  chronograms — 

PALMA     jETATIs     QVATERNiE     RELIgIonI,     CAESAR  I,     PATRl*     AC 

LIterIs  ConseCrat^e,  pannonLe  fLoresCens,  (seu)  =     17 14 

eXCeLLentIssIMVs   generaLIs    beLLICVs,     prjeCLarIs   VIr- 
tVtIs,  et1  strenWs  Vera  reLIgIonIs  propVgnator,  = 

stabILe  pLe  fIDeI  fVLCrVM,  =     17 14 

GesarI,  reLIgIonI,  patrLe,  DeVota  fIDeLItatIs  IDea,        =     17 14 
LVNATiE  gLorIosIssIMVs  DebeLLator  gentIs,  =     1 7 14 

CoMes  stephanVs  koharI  h/ereDItarIVs  In  Csabragh,         =     17 14 
Lmto  patrIa  pLaVsV  VtILItatI  pVbLIGe  VotIs  seCVnDIs 
eLeCtVs  IVDeX  CVrLe,  =     17 14 

reCVrrente  annVa  sanCtI  stephanI  protoMartYros2  DIe=     17 14 
a  DeVotIssIMa  sIbI  et  pIa  CaLLIope  nItrIensI  =     17 14 

Ipso  nataLI  DIe  MetrICe  saLVtatVs.  =     17 14 

The  construction  of  this  title-page  is  somewhat  intricate,  a  quality 
not  unusual  in  Latin  compositions  of  this  character,  and  here  it  may 
be  attributed  to  the  exigency  of  the  chronogram.  This  translation 
follows  as  closely  as  possible  the  arrangement  of  the  original — 

The  Palm  of  the  quaternian  age  consecrated  to  the  Emperor,  to  the 
Country,  and  to  Learning,  beginning  to  blossom  in  Pannonia  {Hungary). 
In  other  words — The  most  excellent  warlike  general,  the  strenuous  cham- 
pion of  eminent  virtue  and  of  true  religion,  the  well-established  support 
of  pious  faith,  the  devoted  representative  of  fidelity  to  the  Emperor, 
to  Religion,  and  to  his  Country,  the  most  glorious  opponent  of  the 
crescent-bearing  nation  [the  Turks'],  hereditary  Count  Stephen  Kohari 
of  Csabragh  ;  by  the  joyful  approbation  of  the  country,  by  the  wishes  of 
those  favourable  to  the  common  weal,  chosen  Judge  of  the  Court,  on  the 
recurring  annual  day  of  St.  Stephen  the  protomartyr,  is  metrically 
saluted  by  the  pious,  and  to  him  the  most  devoted  Calliope  of  Neustra, 
on  his  own  natal  day.  (This  mention  of  Calliope  the  muse  of  heroic 
poetry,  must  be  taken  to  mean  that  she  represents  the  poetic  talent  of 
the  University  or  Academy  of  Neustra.) 

Then  follows  a  prose  Latin  address  to  the  illustrious  Count 
Kohari  by  the  college  of  Pious  Scholars  of  Neustra  (in  Hungary). 

1  The  first  word  aC  in  the  seventh  line  of  the  original  title-page  is,  no  doubt,  the 
author's  error  for  et,  because  the  chronogram  as  it  stands  makes  the  date  18 10.  The  two 
words  are  convenient  alternatives  where  100  more  or  less  is  wanted,  and  here  the  author  has 
used  the  wrong  word  to  express  the  conjunction  and.     I  have  altered  it  in  the  above  place 

to  XT.    There  is  still  an  error,  which  maybe  corrected  by  reading  the  word  seu  as  sxv,  but  \ 

that  brings  the  chronogram  to  1715. 

•  The  letter  Y  counts  as  II  =  2.  j 


-*£_ 


r 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC.  367 

paLMa  #tatIs  qYaternje 

*iLTg1on1,  Cesar  I,  patrLe,  aC  LIterIs  ComseCratjt, 

PANNONliE    fLoREsCeNS* 

S  EU 

eXCeLLentIssIMVs  generaLIs  beLLICVs, 

prjeCLarIs  VIrtWIs, 

aC  stremVVs  Veme  *eLIgIonIs  propVgmatos* 

siabILe  pLe  fIDeI  fVLCrVM* 
GesarI,  reLIgIonI,  patrI^e,  DeVota 

fIDeLTtatIs  IDea* 

LVnat^e    gLorIosJssIMVs 
DebeLLator    gentIs^ 

CoMes   stephanVs    kohar] 

HjEReDItArIVs   In  CsABRAGJ^ 
Leto  patrIe  pLaVsV 

VtILItatI    pVbLIOe 

VotIs    seCVnDIs    eLeCtVs 

IVDeX  CVrLE. 

reCVrrente  annVa  sanCtI  stephanI 

proto-MartYros  DIe* 

DeVotIssIMa  sIbI   et   pIa 
CaLLIope   nItrIensL 

Ipso    ka?aLI    Die 

MetrICe  sALVtatVs* 

ZVKNAVUE   Xypss  Acaaetmoii  pet  Gcofgium  Andrewi  Jtode* 


368 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 


Next  follows  an  applause  or  salutation  to  him  arranged  in  a  series  of 
four  poems  (12  pages)  in  Latin  hexameter  verse,  in  groups  under  the 
titles  of  the  four  ages,  as  alluded  to  in  the  title-page.  I.  '  ^Etas  aurea 
Minervae  sacra/  in  the  classic  style.  II.  'iEtas  argentea  religioni 
consecrata,'  in  a  metaphorically  religious  style.  III.  'iEtas  aenea 
Gradivo  dicata,'  in  the  heroic  and  warlike  style.  IV.  '^Etas  ferrea 
Caesari  et  patriae  immolata,'  relating  to  Kohari  and  his  patron,  the 
reigning  Emperor  of  Germany  and  sovereign  of  Hungary. 

Then  follows  an  hexameter  acrostic  in  158  lines,  formed  on  this 
sentence — 

Excellentissimvs  ac  illustrissimvs  Dominvs  Comes 
Stephanvs  Cohari  de  Csabrag  regni  Hvngariae  meritis- 
simvs  ivdex  cvriae  scholarvm  piarvm  fvndator  gratio- 
sissimvs  vivat  Deo  et  patriae. 

i.e.  The  most  excellent  and  illustrious  Lord,  Count  Stephen  Cohari  of 
Csabrag,  of  the  kingdom  of  Hungary,  the  most  deserving  judge  of  the 
Court,  the  most  gracious  founder  of  the  pious  scholars,  may  he  live  to 
God  and  his  country. 

This  acrostic  has  nothing  to  do  with  chronograms  (as  is  some- 
times the  case),  there  is  however  an  occasional  companionship  between 
the  two  sorts  of  composition ;  but  apart  from  such  considerations  this 
one  deserves  special  notice  because  it  is  the  longest  I  have  ever  met 
with  during  many  years  of  research ;  I  have  given  some  examples  of 
what  I  once  thought  were  long,  in  Chronograms,  pp.  320,  322.  This 
one  consists  of  158  alliterative  lines.  The  title  to  it  may  be  thus 
translated — A  birthday  applause  drawn  out  in  a  poem  with  every  word 
acrostically  significant.     It  is  as  follows — 

APPLAUSUS  NATALIS 

CARMINE  CEPHALONOMASTICO 
DEDUCTUS. 


*Exhilirans 

Eos 

Exurgat 

Et  extulit 

Errans 

Xiphia, 

Xantippo, 

Xerxi, 

Xilocinnama 

Xanthus 

Conduplicet, 

Concinna 

Charis 

Clypeata 

Curuli 

Excubet 

Exultans, 

Excelsas 

Exprimat 

Echo 

Laudes, 

Laurigeras 

Lauros 

Lunetque, 

Litetque 

Luna, 

Leoninis 

Late 

Lassata 

Lacertis. 

Extolle 

Eximios 

ErTectus 

Ensis,  et 

Effer 

Nomina 

Navifrago 

Nunquam 

Nigrore 

Notanda 

Terpsichore, 

Triplicante 

Tono 

Tripudia 

Terris 

Ingemines : 

Illustre 

Iubar  pia 

Iubila 

lunge 

Suaviloquo 

Stephano ; 

Supremo 

Subdita 

Soli 

Sidera, 

Siderese 

Syncere 

Serta 

Salutis 

Implorent : 

Immune 

Iovis, 

Iustumque 

Iuvamen 

MagniRco 

Mentis 

Marti 

Mea  Musa 

Minis  tros 

*  These  stars  are  not  in  the  original,  they  are  added  to  mark  the  commencement  of  the 
acrostic  words. 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 


369 


Votorum 

Versus 

Variat, 

Sexcentos 

Soles, 

Sexcentaque 

*Aulas 

Angelicas 

Aspiret, 

Cor  Comitis  ! 

Coeli 

Charam 

*Interitum 

Infaustum 

Ignores 

Lernam,  et 

Lethales 

Laqueos 

Linquas, 

Lucrosam 

Luctam 

Vitator 

Vitii 

Vanse 

Submisse, 

Suavis 

Sacrarum 

Terrebris 

Tuto 

Tutamine 

Robora, 

Retribuet, 

Reddet, 

Iustitise 

Iustus 

Iudex,  et 

Substituet 

Stabiles 

Soles 

Suaviloquum 

Sermone; 

Solum, 

Intrepidfe 

Invictara, 

Iusto  de 

Miratur 

Moles : 

Morum, 

Virtutem, 

Vero 

Vitam 

Suspicit,  et 

Stephano 

Sociat  sacra 

*Deliciis 

Divum, 

Duplici 

Omnibus 

Officiis, 

Optatus 

Munera 

Metrorum, 

Mansueta 

Inspicias : 

Iusto, 

Iugique 

Nomine, 

Nestoreis 

Numeris 

Virtus; 

Veridico 

Volitabunt 

Sicque  sacro 

Stephani 

Statuent  in 

♦Ccelicolum 

Celebrande 

Choris, 

Ornande, 

Omnigenos 

Oris 

Mittens ; 

Miranda 

Mens 

Exhibet 

Eloquia ; 

Enat,  et 

Scyllis, 

Sydereae 

Semper 

♦Stephane 

Supremi 

Solis 

Turcarum 

Tragicus 

Terror, 

Emporia, 

Empireis 

Ensis  te 

Perge  pias 

Pietate 

Pari 

Hostes 

Horribiles, 

Hydrarum 

Ausus : 

Austeras 

Auras  a  te 

Naufragio 

Nectat, 

Nunquam  tua 

Velet!  sed 

Velet 

Virtus 

Stephani,  et  in 

Superum 

Securam 

♦Concedat 

Comiti  ! 

Clangens  io  t 

Ocyus 

Optatis 

Occentibus 

Hasretici  anne 

Horretis 

Herum?  hie 

Auferet 

Altivolos 

Ausus, 

Retrudet 

Rictus 

Reboantum 

Inferi,  et 

Intrepide 

Imperium 

*Daemona 

Debella : 

Dabitur 

Exulta! 

Eludas 

Erebum 

*Crimine. 

Clarificant 

Claros 

Variando 

Saecula 

Adoret, 

Celebretque 

Illustris 

Libramine 

Lege  lance 

Vacuusque 

Stella 

Tensa 

Rectumque 

Iubilus 

Sine  nube 

Stellisque 

lure, 

Mentisque 

Vegetante 

Signa 

Diademate 

Ocellus 

Mente 

Iuvabere 

Nova  nomina 

Vincula 

Sydere 

Croceaque 

Orientis 

Majestate, 

Ex  effraenis 

Sociata 

Spectabile 

Tranquilla 

Extollet 

Plantare 

Hebetabit 

Aureus 

Nomina 

Vigilantia 

Sede 

Curia 

Ornet 

Herculis 

Armatus 

Robora 

Impugnabit 

Defensio 

Exemplaris  et 

Certamina 


3A 


Videndos 

Spondet. 

Ametque 

Cohortem. 

Iniquam 

Lbgis 

Laboris. 

Voluptae, 

Scholarum 

Thyestis 

Rependet 

Ingens 

Serenos. 

Superba 

Iuventam 

Modestae 

Vigore 

Salutis. 

Dignus 

Olympi, 

Meorum 

Iesu 

Nectet 

Versu, 

Stemma. 

Coroim 

Odores 

Modesta 

Erynnis 

SalutL 

Sydus : 

Tenebis 

Ephcebis. 

Palaestras! 

Hiantum 

Aether 

Naeons 

Vultum 

Salutem 

Coeli 

Ovantem. 

Hyllus 

Apollo 

Regum 

Inundans. 

Divum: 

Expers 

Campos, 


37° 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 


Stephane 

Sanguineis 

Scenis  quos 

Saepe 

Sacrabas, 

Antevolans 

Alios, 

Armorum 

Accommodus  Arti: 

Belliducem 

Bellona 

Boans,  per 

Bella 

Beate 

Regantem  in 

Regno 

Resonat, 

Radiisque 

Rosarum 

Ambit,  et 

Ante  actos 

Annos 

Acclinis 

Amoenat 

Gratia, 

Gaudentis, 

Generosae 

Gloria 

Gentis 

*Resplende  in 

Regno! 

Rutila!  e 

Regnoque 

Repelle 

Ecclesiae 

Exogos 

Elegos,  regno 

>  Exulet 

Error! 

Grandisona, 

Generosa 

Geris,  de 

Gente 

Gehennae 

Nescito 

Noctes ! 

Natum  tua 

Nomina 

Numen 

Inserat 

Imperio ! 

Iustis  te 

Iungat 

Iesus  i 

•Herculeos  ex 

Hoste 

Habeas 

Herois 

Honores : 

Vultus 

Vafritiae 

Vafros 

Victurus 

Vlysses, 

Nestoreis 

Numeris 

Numera  nova 

Nomina 

Nestor. 

Gaudenti  es 

Genio 

Generis 

Gangetica 

Gemma, 

Accelerans 

Alacres 

Animos,  in 

Adonidis 

Arma: 

Rite  refer 

Rosea,  et 

Recreantia 

Rite 

Reporta 

Iudicis 

Illicia : 

Involvas 

Inimicus 

Iniquos 

iErumnis 

iEquis ; 

iEternas 

iEtheris 

iEdes 

*Magnanimus 

Martis 

Miles,  cum 

Munere 

Martis 

Expugnes,  et 

Emas, 

Epulis 

Epulandus 

Egentum 

Res 

Regni 

Rectae 

Restaura 

Relligionis 

Impulsu 

Indociles, 

Ignaros 

Instrue : 

Inermes: 

Tart  areas 

Technas 

Temnas, 

Teneasque 

Triumphos. 

Insidias, 

Inimicus 

Iners, 

Immo 

Insidiator 

Solifugus, 

Stephani 

Sternitque 

Struitque 

Saluti ; 

Sedes  at 

Superae 

Sanctum 

Servantque 

Sonantque. 

Inter  io  1 

Ioviale 

Iubar,  jubar 

Inclyta 

Iuno 

Marte  movet 

Merito 

Marti 

Monumenta 

Ministrat 

Virtutum ; 

Versu 

Volitante 

.  Vigetque 

Viretque 

Strenuitas 

Stephani 

Superis 

Sociata, 

Sacrata. 

*Iustus 

Iniquorum 

Iudex  es, 

Iupiter 

In  te 

Veridica 

Virtute 

Viget, 

Veneranda 

Videndo 

Dona  deum. 

Dilecte 

Deo! 

Diadema 

Ducale 

Eripe,  et 

Extensos 

Ellops 

Exhorreat 

Enses 

Xanthoi 

Xerxis ; 

Xenia,  et 

Xilobalsama 

Xanthi 

*Contribuant : 

Charitates, 

Coelestia 

Castra, 

Chorique 

Voce 

Verecunda 

Vegeto, 

Virtute 

Venusto, 

Rectori 

Regni, 

Recinant, 

Roseumque 

Repingant 

Iudicis 

Intuitum, 

Immortalis,et 

:  Inclytus 

Ibis 

iEmulus 

iEtati 

iEnseae  super 

iEquoris 

i£stus ; 

*Stellegeris 

Superum 

Scenis 

Super  aethra 

Stuporem 

Causabis: 

Charitum, 

Comes  es, 

Charissima 

Cura. 

Hungarian 

Haereticos . 

Hostes  hie 

Hectoris 

Haeres 

Omnes 

Occiduas 

Orbos, 

0!  mittatad 

Oras 

Lucti  sonis 

Laribus 

Laetum 

Laetare 

Locetque 

Aut  animis 

Abolens 

Astus 

Adducat  in 

Astra! 

Reptile 

Respicias 

Regnum, 

Refractu 

Reforma 

COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 


37i 


Vitupera 

Vanos, 

Virtute 

Viriliter 

Vrge. 

Mundus 

Miretur, 

Mirentur 

Marmora 

Mille 

*Prseclarum 

Pugilem, 

Pentheum 

Pectore 

Purum. 

Invidus 

Ixion 

Inferna 

Immugiat 

Ira 

Altivolis 

Altas 

Alis 

Ascendit  ad 

Axesen 

Regni, 

Ritfe  regens, 

Regnum  sub 

Rege 

Reflorens 

Vngariae,  cui 

Vera 

Vovet 

Victoria : 

Vivat ! 

Menses 

Millenos 

Mundique 

Marisque 

Monarcha. 

♦Fundator 

Flore  I 

Florae 

Florente 

Favore 

Virginis!  haec 

Vitae 

Variet 

Velamine 

Vultum ! 

Nubi  ferusque ; 

Necis 

Nigror  nee 

Nobile 

Nomen 

Dedecoret, 

Dilecte 

Diis, 

Dilecte 

Duci  que 

Astriaco  : 

Augustos 

AUGUSTI 

Accendis 

Amores. 

Tentabit 

Trux  terra 

Tuos 

Tumulare 

Triumphos 

Ortus 

Olympiads 

Oris 

Offundis 

Odorem, 

Rectis,  quem 

Reddunt 

Radiis 

Refracta 

Roseta. 

*Gestit  in  his 

Gentis 

Genius, 

Gentemque 

Gementem 

Recreat,  et 

Rectos 

Refovet, 

Repletque 

Relictos ; 

Angelicis 

Actis  velut 

Aia 

Ascendit 

Ad  astra. 

Translatus 

Tandem  e 

Terra  haud 

Terrestre 

Tenebis 

Imperii, 

Immortalis, 

Iter:  nam 

Iudice 

Iusto 

Oblectans,  et 

Ovans, 

Oleis 

Opulentus 

Olympus 

Suscipiet 

Stephanum; 

Solium 

Solisque 

Supremi 

Immortale 

Iubar 

Iunget 

Iovis  inclyta 

Iuno 

Syderei, 

Supera 

Securam  in 

Sede 

Salutem 

Servabit, 

Superi 

Stephano 

Solatia 

Spargent 

Iustitiae 

Invigila 

Iustfe  esto 

Iustus, 

Iniquis 

Mansuete 

Miti 

Medicari 

Mente 

Memento 

Vir 

Virtute  vire ! 

Virtus 

Viridaria 

Vitae 

Stellate, 

Stabilis 

Solidae 

Sacro-sancta 

Subibit. 

*Vota 

Vovent 

Vitam 

Vivi  virtute 

Virentem 

Illustri 

Indigetis, 

Iustoque 

Iuvamine 

Iesu 

Virtutis 

Verae 

Viti 

Vegetante 

Vigore 

Anguinee 

Astutos 

Ausus 

Ardoris 

Aviti 

Tolle 

Triumphales 

Taedas 

Teneasque 

Trophaea. 

*Dulcea 

Delicias 

Divilrn 

Diadema 

Decorum 

Excipias, 

Electus 

Eas  ex 

Extera 

Eremo 

Oras 

Occiduas, 

Orientesque 

Orbis 

Obibis 

*Eximio 

Eloquio : 

Ecclypsim 

Evitabis 

Edacem 

Te  titulosque 

Tuos; 

Transnabis 

Tramite 

Tuto 

*Pugnantis 

Pelagi 

Per 

Prasstigiosa 

Pertcla 

Affluat 

Agnatis 

Animans 

Augustus 

Ab  austris 

Titan ! 

Tutamen 

Tribuat 

Tutela 

Tonantis ! 

Resplendens 

Radius 

Redolens 

Rosa  rite 

Reflore ! 

Innocuos 

Inter, 

Iustosque : 

Intrabis 

In  almi 

iEtheris 

iEternas 

AD 

iEdes, 
MAJOREM 

iEquissimus 

^Eson. 

DEI  GLORIAM. 

And  thus  ends  this  curious  work. 

372  COMPLIMENTAR  Y  POEMS,  E  TC. 

THE  following  song  (jocose  poem)  was  transcribed  from  the 
original  in  the  Royal  Library  at  Brussels  (press-mark  25007.  a.) 
by  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley.  It  is  the  only  example  I  have  met  with 
of  extended  chronogram  verses  in  the  Dutch  (or  Flemish)  language. 
It  may  be  described  as  a  song  in  celebration  of  some  auspicious 
events  in  the  life  of  Mr.  Billoen,  having  regard  especially  to  his  con- 
servative tendencies  in  favour  of  what  are  called  aristocrats.  The 
auspicious  events  might  have  been  his  appointment  to  a  legal  post  of ' 
significance,  such  as  being  chosen  as  a  deputy  to  one  or  other  body. 
Perhaps  the  history  of  Louvain  or  its  university  might  be  of  assistance. 
In  1792  and  1793  the  agitations  of  the  revolution  spread  to  Belgium, 
and  in  the  church  of  St.  Peter  at  Louvain  some  representative  men 
for  the  Council  of  Louvain,  or  the  revolutionary  Parliament,  were 
chosen  in  opposition  to  other  movements.  (Mr.  Van  Stralen  of  the 
British  Museum  Library  has  kindly  suggested  the  foregoing  explana- 
tion.    A  full  translation  is  obviously  undesirable.) 

aen  phILIppVs  engeLbertVs  VanbILLoen  )  _ 

VerMaerDen  en  VerheVen  Wetz-Leeraer  j  793 

GEZAIVG. 

Lair  de  V impresario,  ou  le  director 
dans  Vembarras. 
(The  letter  y  counts  as  11=2,  and  w  counts  as  w=io,  in  the 
chronograms.) 

In  onz  tYDen 

Van  VerbLYDen 

kreYgen  WY  hIer  nIeV  We  VreVgt 

toen  geLeertheIt  /         x'93 

geen  VerkeertheIt 

WortgeCroont  Voor  Waere  DeVgt. 

kWaeDe  Leeren 

zVLLen  keeren 

heeL  een  rYk  ook  In  rVIen 

beter  zeden  /         '793 

konnen  steDen 

eeVWIg  *t  peYs-groen  Laeten  zIen. 

trotsIgheDen 

nIeVWIgheDen 

zYn  LeIts-baen  tot  tYrannIe 

grYse  Wetten 

zVLLen  setten 

gront  aen  D'  arIstoCratIe. 

WILt  nV  pLeIten 

zonDer  speIten 

LanDes  reCht  Is  nIet  bILLoen. 

Voor  ons  reChten 

Leert  V  VeChten 

onze  kLeIne  Van  bILLoen. 


>=     1793 


>=     1793 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 


373 


EEN   BORT-LEKKER 

MaL  Wetz-gekker 

KAN   NV   IN   ZYN   PAUVRETfe 

pLatter  gekken 

poDeX  Lekken 

't  Is  In  zYne  LIbert^. 


>=    1793 


VIVat  LoVen 

goD  Van  boVen 

WeYzt  ons  beter  Meesters  aen. 

nV  goen  reChten 

en  kerks  echten 

hangen  het  ovt  hekken  aen. 


►=     *793 


PEETER   MANNEN 

LIgt  IP  KANNEN 

HlER   PAST*   ER   EEN   TEVGSKEN   OP  : 

Laet  V  kee?Len 

nIet  VerVee'Len 

vult  ip  pens  tot  aen  den  krop. 


>=    1793 


Ander  gezang. 


Van  bILLoen  Doet  zegenpr«Len 
onze  UnIVersIteIt 
Laeten  WY  nU  kroonen  haeLen 
Van  een  theMIs  eernst  bereIt. 


=     1793 


nV  Is  ons  Den  Dag  VersChe^nen 
Van  een  kLaer  en  heLDer  zon 
Voort  booszWIgten,  goet  Verhe£nen 
zegt  LP  Les  In  t>  pantheon. 


=     1793 


Toe  Maetje. 

geLVk  aen  D'  UnIVersIteYt 
ge  heYLIgt  Door  haer  kIezen 
op  zVLk  gekIez  pazt  geenen  neYt 
VoLDaen  Is  haer  VerLIezen. 

ix  Julii 
Tot  Loven.  by  P.  Corbeels,  Boekdrukker. 


=     1793 


374  COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

A  small  4°  tract,  consisting  of  eight  pages,  in  my  possession, 
begins  thus — 

OPGEDRAEGEN  AEN  DEN  PATER 

VAN  D'ALEXIAENEN, 

BROEDER 

Op  zynen  Naam-dag  den  19  Maerte 

als  men  sckreef : 
WIe  WILt  Dat  VVeL  sChenken?  I 

broeDer  engeLbertUs  De  brUYne.  j  794 

Then  follow  142  rhyming  lines  with  these  chronograms  at  the  end, 
all  in  the  Dutch,  or  Flemish,  language — 

JAER^SGHRDCnr. 

VVeet  U  DIt  gegeVen  Wort  Dootr 

De  CeLLebroers,  gezeYt  }>=     1794 

aLeXIaenen. 


(■ 


ANDER  JASRB8GltfRDFT. 

Want  Leest  UYt  naeM  Van  aL 
DIe  WeL  WILLen. 


h 


1794 


DODDBL  JABR-SGHRDCnr.  \]9\ 

Is  UYtgeMaekt  In  VYf  MenUten,  *         

WonDer  VeeL  MoeYte. 


This  tract,  without  title-page,  date,  or  imprint,  is  a  congratulation 
in  verse  to  a  Dutch  gentleman  on  his  election  into  a  certain  brother- 
hood I  am  indebted  to* Mr.  Van  Stralen  of  the  British  Museum 
Library  for  the  following  translations  of  the  chronograms,  etc. — 

Dedicated  to  the  Pater  of  the  AUxiancn  Brother  J,  Zemmens,  on  his 
name-day,  March  19th,  when  people  wrote; 
Who  is  willing  to  present  this  ? 
Brother  Engelbertus  de  Bruyne. 

Know  that  this  is  given  by  the  '  Ccllebrothers '  called 
Alexianen. 

For  read  in  the  name  of  all  that  wish  well. 

It  has  been  made  in  five  minutes. 

Wonderfully  much  trouble. 

A  doubt  has  been  suggested  as  to  the  intention  of  the  writer  of 
the  last  line  of  the  chronograms.     The  literal  translation  is  given ;  but 


COMPLIMENTARY  POEMS,  ETC. 

by  substituting  for  the  Dutch  word  '  wonder '  the  word  '  zonder,'  the 
English  translation  would  be,  '  without  much  trouble/ and  so,  perhaps, 
nearer  the  mark.  However  this  may  be,  the  substitution  would  spoil 
the  chronogram,  by  making  it  ten  years  less  than  the  required  date. 
The  word  is  right  as  it  stands,  if  taken  ironically.  The  whole  poem 
would  probably  be  a  very  poor  affair  if  turned  into  English.  The 
letters  y  count  as  11=2  in  the  chronograms. 


375 


MISCELLANEOUS    CHRONOGRAMS 
CONCERNING  EUROPEAN  WARS. 


I  HIS  chapter  contains  some  miscellaneous  chronograms 
which  do  not  conveniently  fall  within  any  other  group  in 
the  present  volume.  They  commemorate  persons,  places, 
and  events  of  a  very  disturbed  period  of  European 
history,  such  as  the  siege  of  Vienna  and  the  city  of  Vienna 
itself,  the  Thirty  Years'  War,  the  fortress  of  Temesvar  in  Hungary, 
etc.  etc  These  chronograms,  and  the  poetry  in  Latin  which  usually 
accompanies  them  in  the  original  print,  are  exceedingly  curious, 
while  they  illustrate  and  adorn  many  passages  of  history  that  were 
of  intense  interest  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  countries  affected  by  the 
events. 

THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

A  curious  volume  in  my  possession,  containing  112  pages  of 
J\  Latin  laudatory  poems  and  verses,  addressed  to  the  various 
notable  personages  from  Pope  Innocent  xi.  and  the  Emperor 
Leopold  l  downwards,  who  were  connected  with  raising  the  siege  of 
Vienna *  and  the  subsequent  expulsion  of  the  Turks  from  Hungary ; 
followed  by  vituperative  verses  about  the  Turks  themselves  and 
others,  from  the  Sultan  downwards.  Chronograms  accompany  the 
poems  and  verses.  Some  are  laudatory,  and  some  descriptive  of 
circumstances,  and  all  make  the  date  1688,  which  was  probably  the 

1  See  also  my  former  book  on  Chronogratns,  pp.  130-132. 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  377 

date  of  the  book.  The  siege  of  Vienna  was  in  1683,  and  the 
conquests  over  the  Turks  in  Hungary  took  place  mostly  in  1688. 
There  are  156  chronograms  scattered  through  the  poems.  I  have 
made  some  extracts  from  the  text  to  afford  occasional  needful 
explanations  of  them.  The  title-page  is  missing,  as  also  whatever 
may  have  preceded  page  3.  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy  of  the 
volume,  and  it  is  difficult  to  discover  any,  in  the  absence  of  the  title- 
page,  and  without  any  knowledge  of  the  author's  name  or  place  of 
publication.  All  the  chronograms  are  contained  in  the  following 
extracts : — 

At  page  3  a  laudatory  poem  to  the  Pope  Innocent  the  Eleventh 
has  this  title — 

InnoCentIVs  XI. 
De 

RESTlTVTO   iNTEGRfe  FERfe  ET  PLENfe  ,  6gg 

pannonLe  totIVs  *        x 

REGNO 
BENE  MERlTVs. 

i.e.  Innocent  the  Eleventh,  well  deserving  for  the  restoration  of  the 
kingdom  of  all  Pannonia  {Hungary)  almost  entirely  and  completely. 

The  poem  is  in  thirty  hexameter  and  pentameter  lines,  addressed 
to  the  Pope  as  the  vehement  promoter  of  the  war,  by  which,  with  the 
assistance  of  Poland  and  .Venice,  the  Turks  were  expelled  from  the 
territories  of  the  empire  of  Germany,  except  a  very  small  part 
('parvula  pars ')  of  Pannonia.  It  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
taLIs  VtIqVe  In  speM  IntereVntIs  VngarL®  Debebat 
CrearI  pontIfeX.  =     1688 

qVI  pannonI^  et  ChrIstIanIs  aVXILIator  fIeret  aDVersVs 
otoMannos.  as     1688 

beLLVa  Ver£  InsatIabILIs  In  eXterMInanDo  k  terrIs 
IVrato  sVo  hoste.  =     1688 

Iol  per  DeI  gratIaM  VIVat  gLorIosVs  pontIfeX  Inno- 
CentIVs. =     1688 


The  next  poem  is  addressed  to  the  Emperor  Leopold  1.  He  is 
encouraged  to  cast  away  all  fear  and  resume  the  look  of  Caesar 
(emperor) ;  and  is  reminded  that  a  comet  with  an  exceedingly  long 
tail  first  appeared  on  Saint  Stephen's  day  to  the  city  of  Vienna,  and 
betokened  the  success  which  happened  on  the  same  day  in  1683,  when 
the  Turks  abandoned  the  siege  of  Vienna.  The  title  is — 
LeopoLD Vs  I.  aVgVstVs  feLIX  trIVMphator.  =     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
LeopoLD  Vs  aVstrIVs  VIVat  atqVe  In  jeternVM  fLoreat.  =     1688 
DeVs  VIrgo  et  angeLI  pVgnant  pro  roMano  Cssare.    qVIs 
hostIs  In  orbe  aVsVs  erIt  eI  resIstere?  =     1688 

aqVILa  teste   prophetIA    r.    patrIs  strIDonII    s.   I.    sVpra 
LVnaM  eXaLtabItVr.  =     1688 

3B 


378  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

The  next  poem  is  addressed  to  John  Sobieski,  king  of  Poland, 
who  rendered  the  most  effective  assistance  to  secure  the  success  of 
the  war.     His  numerous  warlike  exploits  are  enumerated,  particularly 
those  against  the  Turks.     The  title  is — 
Ioannes  tertIVs  DeI  gratIa  InVICtIssIMVs  reX  poLonVs.=     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  this  chronogram — 
VIenna    aVstrLb    aD    eXtreMa    VenIens,    A    Ioanne    rege 
poLonLe  gLorIose  fVIt  LIberata.  =     1688 


The  next  poem,  a  long  one  of  about  270  lines,  is  to  the  Venetian 
republic,  magnifying  their  historical  greatness,  and  the  naval  exploits 
in  the  war  under  the  leadership  of  Morosini.     The  title  is — 
regIa    atqVe    aVgVsta    VenetIarVM    respVbLICa    fceDerTs 
InItI  pars  tertIa.  =     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
respVbLICa  Veneta  InsIgnIs   et  perennans  roMana  fIDeI 
est  et  fVIt  propVgnatrIX.  =     1688 

MVrVs  seDIs  apostoLICjE  qVo  In  Integra  eVrop,*  regIone 
non  InVenItVr  fortIor.  =     1688 

tVrCarVM  DeI  protegentIs  et  IVVantIs  gratIa  egregIa 
profLIgatrIX  =     1688 

ab  honorIo  papa  ChrIstIanIssIM^;  tItVLo  ornata,  qVIa 
reLICtIs  et  spretIs  hjeresIbVs  ab  Vna  et  Vera  eCCLesIa 
non  reCessIt.  =     1688 

qVm  a.  pIo  seCVnDo  In  pLeno  ConsIstorIo  In  G^terIs 
IsthoC  habVIt  eLogII  beneDICtI  sInt  fILII  nostrI 
VenetL  as     1688 

pergIte  o  !  proCeres  atqVe  trIVMphatores  VenetI  InsIstere 
hIs  LaVDIbVs  VestrIs.  =     1688 

Integre  eJICIantVr  et  eXstIrpentVr  eX  MoreA  InfIDeLes 
barbarI.  =     1688 

InnoCentIVs  XL  trIVMphI  VestrI  spe  pLenVs  ID  petIt.  =     1688 
opposIta    qVoqVe   CanDIa,  e   JVgI   sVI   rIgore  aD  Vos  et 
PRjESIDIa  Vestra  anheLat.  =     1688 

Vestra,  o  VenetI  erIt  Ista  InsVLa,  qVID  noXIas  Moras 
neCtItIt.  bs     1688 

DeVs  eXerCItVVM  prjeLIatVr  pro  VenetIs.  =     1688 

et  LargItVr  IpsIs  robVr  et  VIres  aDVersVs  hostes  saCrI 
noMInIs  IesV.  =     1688 

tVrCa  fVrIt,  VenetI  pVgnant,  LIga  trIna  trIVMphat  :  \  =      6gg 
aD  stygIas  properat  porta  orIentIs  aqVas.  j  "~     * 


The  next  poem  is  addressed  to  one  of  the  allied  potentates  in  the 
war  against  the  Turks,  Maximilian  Henry,  Duke  of  Bavaria,  Arch- 
bishop and  Elector  of  Cologne,  who,  as  a  rare  example  among  the 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  379 

German  princes,  supplied  at  his  own  cost  6000  troops,  and  maintained 
them  for  six  months.  Both  to  him  and  to  the  '  Bavarian  Lion  '  (the 
national  symbol)  a  large  measure  of  praise  is  accorded.  The  title  is — 
aVXILIares  CopliE  VbIo-boIae  DeVastato  A  barbarIs 
pannonLe  regno  sVBMIsSiE.  =     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
nIhIL  In  terra  Deo  et  sVperIs  est  gratIVs  qVAM   si   In 
tVrCas  pVgnaVerIs.  =     1688 

Leo  VbIo-baVarVs  In  pannonI^  fInIbVs  IrrVgIIt  et  CorDa 
otoManna  paVebant.  =     1688 

fortIs  DeXtera  IesV  In  nobIs  feCIt  VIrtVteM  atqVe 
pr«LIata  est  pro  nobIs.  =     1688 

CVIVs  DIVIno  noMInI  perpetVVs  sIt  honos  atqVe  perennIs 
gLorIa.  =     1688 

qVIsqVIs  In  noMIne  IesV,  hostI  iNTREPlDfe  se  opposVerIt, 
Is  gLorIosI:  VInCIt.  =     1688 

propVgnaCVLVM  aDVersVs  Infestos  et  JVratos  hostes 
JesV.  =     1688 

est  IngenVIs  spIrItIbVs  honorabILe  gentIbVs  et.InfIDeLIbVs 
terrIbILe  noMen  IesV.  =     1688 

aD  sVaVe  noMen  JesV  IpsI  seraphInI  atqVe  CherVbIn 
JVbILant.  =     1688 

Ipse  Ver6  LVCIfer  et  nIgrI  tenebrarVM  spIrItVs  aD 
Inferos  profVgI  abeVnt.  =     x688 


The  next  poem  is  addressed  to  Maximilian-Emanuel,  Duke  of 
Bavaria,  Prince-Elector,  etc.,  who  was  one  of  the  allied  potentates  in 
the  war,  and  is  greatly  extolled  for  his  military  prowess  against  the 
Turks.    The  title  is— 
noVVs  pannonIae  eManVeL  DVX  boIarICVs.  =     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  the  symbolic  letters  aeiou,  which  are 
used  as  the  initials1  of  the  alliterative  words  which  compose  eighteen 
hexameters  in  honour  of  Maximilian  ;  and  also  by  these  chronograms — 
seCVnDa  septeMbrIs  fortI  baVarI  LeonIs  ope  et  opera 
Vrbs  VngarL«  totIVs  spes  hostI  fVIt  erepta.  (old  style)  =  1688 
baVarorVM  arDens  VIrtVs  est,  fVIt  et  erIt  InVInCIbILIs.=  1688 
DeVs  saLVs  est  et  proteCtIo  totIVs  baVarIjE  qVos  IgItVr 
Ipsa  tIMebIt?  =     1688 

DVX  eManVeL  noVIt  pVgnare  parIter  et  VInCere.  =     1688 

DVX  eManVeL  Inter  reLIqVos  saLVator  est  VIenn^.       =     1688 

PANNONIjE    VTRlVSQVE    DEFENSOR    ET    tVrCarVM    FROFLlGATOR 

EST   BAVARVS.  sb       1688 

1  For  explanations  of  these  letters  refer  to  the  index  to  Chronograms^  and  the  index  to 
this  volume. 


380  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

The  next  poem  is  to  John-George,  Duke  of  Saxony,  Elector,  and 
Prince  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  who  joined  in  the  war  '  for  the 
Cross,  for  Christ,  and  for  the  dear  Emperor.'    The  tide  is — 

lOANNES  GEORGlVS  SaXonVM    DVX   ET  ELECTOR,  etc.   S.R.I.P.    =       1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
pars   Magna   VIennje   ab    hostIbVs   eLIberat,*  et  IngentIs 
VICtorLb  De  barbarIs  reportatjE  sVnt  saXones.  =     1688 

Vis    VnIta    nostrI    eXerCItVs    Ingens    InfIDeLIVM    est 

STRAGES.  =   1688 

si    antehaC    IMperII    prInCIpes    fVIssent    ConIVnCtIores, 
TVRCiE  ConstantInopoLI  non  fVIssent  egressVrI.  =     1688 


■«♦« 


The  next  poem  is  to  Frederic,  Duke  of  Brandenburg,  whose  soldiers 
slew  many  Turks  at  Buda,  and  other  places  in  Hungary.  The  title  is — 
sVppetIae  et  aVXILIa  branDenbVrgICa  pannonLe  MorIentIs 
VIta.  =     1688 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
frIDerICe  noVerIs  te  In  oMnI  VItA  tVA,  haVt  gLorIosIVs 
pVgnasse.  =     1688 

bVDa  qVoD  sIt  ChrIstIana  tVje  DebetVr  gLorIa,  honorI 

ET  EGREGliE   VIrtVtI.  =       l688 

ne  trIsterIs  aVt  DoLeas  propter  eos  qVI  eX  Isto  agMIne 
tVo  In  pannonIa  sVnt  GesI.  =     1688 
Mors  pIa  qVm  Contra  InfIDeLes  bestIas  sVbItVr  est  potIVs 
reqVIes  et  VIta.  =     1688 
eXpressa   et   absoLVta    IMago   et   fIgVra   InsIgnIs    atqVe 
egregII  DVCIs.                                                                              as     1688 
>    m%m   < 

The  next  poem  is  to  Charles  the  Fifth,  Duke  of  Lorraine,  General 
('supremus  dux  et  archi-strategus^  of  the  Imperial  forces;  he  is 
represented  as  a  distinguished  leaaer  in  Hungary.  The  title  is  not 
chronogrammatic ;  the  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 

0  1    saLVs   atqVe    Defensor    CbsarIs   nostrI,    o !    VrbIVM 
eXpVgnator  !  =     1688 
DVX  CaroLe  tV  noWs  PANNONliE  fIs  goDefrIDVs.  =     1688 
per  repetItas  tVas  aDoreas  k  prope  InfInItIs  sVIs  MIserIIs 

et  InfortVnIIs  eLVCtata  est  aVstrIa.  =  1688 

feLICIter    In    pannonIa    pVgnas    et    pVgnastI    hostesqVe 

VbIqVe  DetrIVMphastI.  =  1688 

01  resoLVte  DVX,  Vis  noVIsse  reI  CaVsaM?                       =  1688 
DeVs  et  angeLI  IpsIVs  teCVM  pVgnant  et  pVgnaVerVnt.  =  1688 


♦'•*» 


The  next  poem  is  to  Francis  Morosini,  the  Venetian  High 
Admiral,  who  commanded  the  fleet  in  various  successful  expeditions 
against  the  Turks.     The  title  is — 

ARCHlTHALASSVs    VENETVs    DEO    FAVENTE    GRAjVGENiE    MOREiE 
SVBjVGATOR.  ss      1688 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  381 

The  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 

MorosInI  faVstVs  graII  peLoponesI  DebeLLator  VIVat  et 

Venetos  terrIs  et  regnIs  aVgere  pergat.  =     1688 

VIrI    generosI    senIVM    ConVertatVr    In    DIes  et    annos 

JVVenILes.  =     1 688 

tVrCas  ante  obItVM  eX  abLata  InsVLa  Creta  feLICIter 

aC  penItVs  eIICIat.  =     !688 


The  next  poems  are  to  the  'two  young  lions '  of  Neuburg-Palatine. 
And  first  to  Louis-Antony,  Duke  of  Juliers,  Cleves  and  Montes,  Prince 
of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  Grand  Master  of  the  Teutonic  Order, 
General  of  the  Legion  of  Infantry,  Chief  of  Artillery  in  the  Imperial 
army  against  the  Turks.  It  is  preceded  by  this  title — 
DVo  IVnIores  Leones  neobVrgo-paLatInI,  pannonIaM 
rVgItIbVs  sVIs  repLentes.  =     1688 

The  first  poem  is  followed  by  these  chronograms — 
LVDoICVs  antonIVs  DeI  gratIA  DVX  In  terrIs  sIne  pIne 

PERENNET.  =       1688 

et  LeonIs  paLatInI  More  aDVersVs  JUratores  sVos  hostes 
VIrILIter  pVgnare  non  absIstat.  =     1688 

et   ante  ne    DesInat   qVAM    gLorIos&    eos    VICerIt    et    k 

FlNlBVf  PANNONliE  EXTRVSERlT.  =       1688 

qVI     tIbI     DeDIt    VoLVIsse,    DabIt    qVoqVe    Vt    possIs 
perfICere.  =     1688 

The  second  of  the  poems  to  the  '  two  young  lions '  is  to  Charles 
Philip,  Count-Palatine  of  the  Rhine,  *  Supremus  Vigiliarum  Magister, 
Legionis  equestris,  etc'    It  is  preceded  by  this  title — 
Leo    aLter     neobVrgo-paLatInVs    prIorIs    frater,    et  Ipse 
HORRENDk  VbIqVe  per  VngarIaM  IrrVgIens.  =     1688 

The  poem  commences  thus,  indicating  him  as  the  fourth  among 
seven  brothers,  whose  names  are  given  in  a  note — 

'  Carole,  qui  septem  stas  quartus  in  ordine  fratrum, 
Quos  peperit  serife  non  variante  parens. 
De  te  quid  dicam?'  etc.  etc. 

The  poetic  narrative  occupies  seventy-two  lines,  and  concludes 
with  these  chronograms — 

karoLe  tV  es  gaVDIVM  atqVe  eXspeCtatIo  Vna  parentIs.=     1688 
DIVIna    et  IngentIa   gratIarVM    fLVenta   In  te   penItVs 
ConVenIVnt.  bs     1688 

taLIa  taM  granDIa  si  IVVenIs  agIs?  qVje  qVmso  perfICIes 
seneX?  =     1688 

beneDICat  ol  DVX  egregI£  tIbI  et  stIrpI  tV^:  neobVrgo- 
paLatIna  ab  astrIs  DeVs.  =     1688 


♦■♦'» 


A  set  of  poems  now  follows,  relating  to  the  commanding  officers 
of  the  Imperial  forces ;  they  are  individually  numbered,  named,  and 


382  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

extolled    The  poems  bear  this  introductory  title,  and  they  are  all 
followed  by  a  chronogram — 

InseqVVntVr  sVpreMI  De  eXerCItV  generaLes.  =     1688 

I. — Hermannus  'Marchio  Badensiss.  r.  1.  Princeps/ 
militiae  Caesareae  archistrategus,  *  gubernator  Javariniensis,'  etc. 

PROPVGNACVLVM   PANNONliE   ET  AVSTRliE   FORTlS   DEFENSlO   EST 

Vrbs  JaVarInIensIs.  =     iSSS 

II. — iEneas  'comes  Caprara.'     He  is  compared  to  the 
iEneas  in  Virgil,  '  Alter  es  iEneas  bello  metuendus.' 
eXerCItVs  etsI  parVVs,  trIVMphat  qVanDo  Leo  priest.  =5     1688 

III. — Caspar  Zdencko  'comes  Capliers.'  Archistrategus. 
He  served  at  the  defence  of  Vienna. 
fIDeLItas    et    VIta    In    qVIbVsVIs    DVCIbVs    Debent    Ire 

PARES.  =       l688 

IV. — Comes  de  Waldeck,  <  modo  s.  r.  l  Princeps.'    Archi-. 
strategus.     '  Miles  veteranus,  aviti  sanguinis,  expertus  praelia,  Martis 
amor.1 
feLIX    atqVe    fortVnata    fIeret    In    terrIs    gerManIa,    si 

STARET   iNTEGRfe  VnItA  PRO   sVo   LEOPOLDo.  =       1 688 

V. — Ernestus  Rudiger  'comes  de  Starrenberg/  who 
was  in  command  in  defence  of  besieged  Vienna. 
Nisi    VrbeM   CVstoDIerIent    sVperI,    frVstrje    VIgILatVr 
In  ea.  =     1688 

VI. — Joannes  Valentinus  'comes  Schultz/  commander- 
in-chief  of  cavalry. 

nobILItateM  non  generIs  honos,  non  proaVI,  non  sangVIs, 
seD  Vna  VIrtVs  effICIt.     (Sic ;  it  makes  only)  =x     1683 

VII. — Ludov.  Wilhelmus  Marchio  Badensis,  s.  r.  1. 
Princeps,  commander-in-chief  of  cavalry. 
eXIMIIs  VIrtVtIbVs  Ingens  aC  rarIor  DebetVr  gLorIa.   =     1688 

VIII. — Goltzius,  general  of  the  Saxon  forces.  The  poem 
represents  that  his  name  is  derived  from  '  gold/  but  his  body  and  hand 
are  like  iron ;  with  other  similar  playful  applications  of  the  words 
*  aurum '  and  '  ferrum.' 

In    grabatIs,    atqVe    tabernIs    DIffICVLter    aVrVM    re- 
perItVr.    (Sic;  it  makes  only)  ==     1681 

IX; — Joannes  Carolus  comes  Palphi,  general  of  the  legion 
wearing  scale-armour,  '  Legionis  cataphractae  dux.' 
DVX  egregIVs  A  faCtIs,  non  VerbIs  LaVDanDVs  est.        =     1688 

X. — Fridericus  Sigismundus  comes  de  Scherffenberg. 
The  poem  commences  with  these  lines,  which  help  to  explain  the 
chronogram — 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC  383 

Una  Corona  tuo  Friderice  stat  aurea  scuto  : 
Debetur  meritis  trina  Corona  tuis. 
non  CoronabItVr,  Nisi  Is,  qVI  pro  Vero  Deo  sVo  LEGlrlMfe 
pVgnaVerIt.  =     1688 

XL — Petrus  ErnestUS  Baro  de  Mercy, '  Legionis  desultorise 
dux.9    He  was  killed  in  battle.    This  line  occurs  in  the  poem — 

Heu !  Baro  de  Mercy,  generosi  militis  icoa 
o !  VERfe  gLorIosa  et  gratIosa  Mors  qVm  aDVersVs  tVrCas 
sVbItVr  !  =     1688 

XII. — Comes  de  Dunnewald,  supremus  campi  mareschalli 
locum-tenens.    The  poem  concludes  with  these  four  lines — 

Immortals  ducis  nomen  in  orbe  geris. 
vlpera  si  forsan  se  misceat  invida,  ride, 

LlVOR  virtuti  gestit  adesse  comes. 
InVIDIa  et  jbMVLatIo  InterItVs  est  bonI  eXerCItVs*       =     1688 
i.e.  Envy  and  jealousy  are  the  destruction  of  a  good  army. 

XIII. — Carolus  Ludovicus  comes  de  Souches, supremus 
campi  mareschalli  locum-tenens.     The  poem  commences — 
Carole  magnanimi  proles  genuina  parentis : 
A  patre  vix  gradiens  ductus  ad  arma  puer. 
And  concludes  with  these  lines  leading  to  the  chronogram — 
Qui  vidisse  patrem  cupit,  is  te  Carole  cernatj: 
Te  qui  conspiciet,  conspicit  ille  patrem. 
VIta  atqVe  gaVDIVM  bonI  parentis  est  fILIVs  VICtorLe.  =     1688 

XIV. — Dux  de  Croy ;  he  was  conspicuous  in  battle. 
generosVs  anIMVs  regnI  VnIVs  angVstIIs  se  CLaVDI  non 
sInIt.  =     1688 

XV. — Franciscus  comes  Taffius.     The  poem  alludes  to 
his  armour-wearing  regiment  and  to  himself  in  these  words — 
Ferreus  es,  ferro  praecingeris,  omnia  ferrum 
Membra  tegit,  etc 

.  .  .  neque  pondera  sentis ; 
Gloria  quern  portat,  pondera  nescit  amor. 
qVI    gLorLe    stIMVLo    qVanDoqVe  non    pVngItVr,   nIhIL 
bonI  tentabIt.  =     1688 

i.e.  He  who  is  not  sometimes  affected  by  the  incitement  of  glory \  will 
try  for  nothing  that  is  good. 

XVI. — Franciscus  comes  Gondola.  'Ductor  legionis 
cataphractae'  (the  armour-wearing  regiment).  The  poem  is  a  play 
upon  the  pronunciation  of  his  name ;  it  commences — 

Num  Francisce  velis  Gondola  aut  Gondola  did  ? 
In   ConsILIIs  sVIs  tarDVs,   festInans   In   operIbVs  Debet 
esse  DVX.  =1688 


384  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

XV 1 1 . — Georgius    Fridericus    Wurtenbergae    dux, 
*  Supremus  vigiliarum  magister.' 
IgnIs  atqVe  generosI  VIrI  anIMVs  InCLVDI  neqVeVnt.   =     1688 

XVIII. — Comes  Rabatta,  Supremus  vigiliarum  praefectus, 
et  belli  commissarius. 

PRjECeLLeNTIS      ET     BONl     DVCIs     EST     SERlO     PROSPlCERE     NE 

eXerCItVs  Laboret  penVrIA  et  DefeCtV  panIs.  es     1688* 

XIX. — Comes  Carrafa,  a  general  commanding  in  Hungary. 
DVX  hostI  InVIgILans  est  pars  Magna  InseqVentIs 
VICtorLb.  =*     1688 

XX. — Donatus  Heusler  Eques  imperii,  'Legionis  cata- 
phractae  dux/  The  poem  is  a  play  on  his  name,  and  concludes  thus — 

Donandus  titulo  nobiliore  manes. 
neC  ConfertVr  DIgnItas  VeL  honor  sIne  Labore  pr^VIo  : )  6gg 

neC  VICtorIa  reportatVr  absqVe  pr*CeDentI  prjbLIo.  J 

XXI. — Carolus,  Liber  Baro  de  Thlingen,  'supremus 
vigiliarum  magister.'    The  poem  is  a  playful  allusion  to  the  one-eyed 
Argus,  and  to  the  vigilance  of  this  officer  with  his  one  eye  as  being 
greater  than  he  had  previously  exercised  with  two. 
qVIs  sVb  LVna  In  hoC  MVnDo  eX  Integro  est  beatVs.     =     1688 

XXII. — Joannes  Adamus  von  Schoningh,  a  Branden- 
burg officer.    The  poem  concludes  with  this  play  upon  his  name — 
Pulcher  es  ore,  genis,  oculis,  cognomine,  gestis, 
Conveniunt  rebus  nomina  nonne  suis  ? 
pVLChrItVDo  Vera  hoMInIs  In  terrIs  non  est;  nIsI  Vna 
VIrtVs.  =     1688 

XXIII . — Comes  de  S  tyrum,  *  supremus  vigiliarum 
magister.' 

neC  CoLVMbje  proCreantVr  ab  aqVILIs,  neC  CerVVs  aVt 
oVIs  A  Leone.  «     1688 

XXIV. — Melchior  Leopoldus,  Baro  de  Beck,  supremus 
vigiliarum  praefectus,  commendans  Budanus. 

prjeCIpVa  bonI  MILItIs  VIrtVs  est  JVrata  atqVe  serVata 
fIDes.  =     J688 

XXV. — Leopoldus  Philippus,  Princeps  MontecucolL 
In   DebILI  et  eXangVI  Corpore  s^pk  spIrItVs  et  anIMa 
aVgVsta  habItat.  =     1688 

XXVI. — Marchio  Piccolomini,  supremus  vigiliarum  prae- 
fectus, etc    The  poem  commences — 

Nomina  tefarvum  faciunt;  statura  sed  altum 
Corpore,  et  excelsum  te  probat  esse  virum. 
Mentitur  nomen,  virtus  heroica  parvum 

Nil  in  te  patitur,  magnus  es,  alta  petis,  etc.  etc. 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  385 

eXCeLsa  atqVe  InsIgnIs  anIMa  InDIes  sVpra  se  qV^rIt  et 
gestIt  assVrgere.  =     1688 

XXVI  I. — Princeps  de  Commercy,  a  distinguished  officer, 
a  French  volunteer.     The  poem  mentions  that  he  captured  a  flag 
which  was  stained  with  Scythian,  and  his  own  blood,  thus — 
Quando  Mohazenses  stagnabant  sanguine  campi, 

Commercy  tectus  qu£  rogo  veste  fuit  ? 
Vexillum  Scythico  proprio  quoque  sanguine  tinctum 
Vestis  erat ;  poterat  rarior  anne  dari  ? 
VeXILLVM  qVoD  hostI  erIpIs,  VestIs  est  gratIosa  parIter 
et  gLorIosa.  =     1688 

XXVIII. — Comes  Sereni,  of  high  rank  in  the  Bavarian 
army.     He  was  probably  of  small  stature.     The  poem  says  of  him, 
'Parva  apis  immani  plus  elephanti  facit' 
aLeXanDer   Corpore   eXIgVo   gestIs  et   operIbVs   MagnVs 

ERAT.  =       1688 

i.e.  An  Alexander  being  small  in  body,  but  he  was  great  in  acts  and 
works. 

XXIX. — Comes  de  la  Fontaine,  of  high  rank  in  the 
Bavarian  army. 

VIrI  MartIaLes  rar6  In  terrIs  VIsI  sVnt  perVenIsse  VsqVe 
aD  Canos.  =     1688 

XXX. — Rummel,  an  officer  of  rank  in  the  Bavarian  army 
who  was  killed  in  battle  at  Buda.    The  poem  says  of  him — 
Alter  es  h  Bavarisf  quem  tibi  noverca  fefellit, 

Atque  ad  funestum  mortis  adegit  iter. 
Budanam  quatiens  magnis  conatibus  arcem, 

Dum,  ducis  officium  quod  jubet,  omne  facis, 
Heu  !  cadis,  et  summo  luctu  cecidisse  doleris  ; 

Tantus  erat  famae  rumor  amorque  tuae. 
Pro  patria  pugnare  quidem  reor  esse  decorum  : 
Sed  puto,  pro  Christo  pulchrius  esse,  mori. 
VERfe  Is  MartvrIo  propInqWs  est  qVIsqVIs  pro  JesV  gLorIA 
CaDIt.  =     1688 

XXXI. — Comes  d'Aspremont,  an  officer  of  high  rank  in 
the  Bavarian  infantry.  The  poem  alludes  to  Rummel  (in  the  preced- 
ing poem  No.  xxx.)  in  these  words — 

Rummelio  quod  amara  decus  fortuna  negavit, 

Ut  de  Budana  pelleret  arce  Scythas. 
Id  tibi  concessit  fuit  haec  tua  gloria,  primo 
Inter  tarn  varios  assiliisse  loco,  etc.  etc 
fortVna  In  DIVersIs  VarIat:  VnI  benIgna  Mater,  aLterI 
Ver5  fIt  noVerCa.  =     1688 

3C 


386  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

XXXII. — Baro  de  Steinaw,  a  brave  officer  of  high  rank 
in  the  Bavarian  army.  , 

VtI     phcebVs     Inter    nVbes,    Ita    generosVs    anIMVs    In 
perICVLIs  se  ostenDIt.  =     1688 

XXXII  I. — Swartius,  an  officer  of  rank  in  command  of  the 
6000  troops  supplied  by  Maximilian-Henry,  Archbishop  of  Cologne, 
as  mentioned  at  page  378,  ante.    The  poem  is  a  play  on  his  name, 
which  signifies  *  black,'  and  concludes  with  this  chronogram — 
faVens  et  propItIa  Dea  fortVna  sVaVe  est  VehICVLVM.=     1688 


At  page  81  commences  a  poem  in  hexameter  and  pentameter 

verse  about  the  other  officers  of  the  imperial  army  who  were  killed  in 

the  war.    The  first  eight  lines  mention  them  by  name,  and  the  two 

following  lines  accord  this  compliment  to  the  group — 

Ingentes  heroum  animae,  fortissima  divftm 

Progenies,  "belli  fulmina,  martis  honor. 

This  is  the  title  to  the  poem — 
reLIqVI     De     eXerCItV     ChrIstIano-GesareI     generaLes 
DVCes  atqVe  offICIaLes.  =     1688 

And  at  the  conclusion  there  are  these  four  chronograms — 
qVotqVot  In  pannonIA  Contra  barbarVM  gLorIos&  parIter 
et  ChrIstIan^  oCCVbV£re,  reqVIesCant  In  paCe.  =     1688 

at    IstI    qVI    In    VIta    Mans£re,    hI    pergant    aLaCrIter 
pVgnare  aDVersVs  hostes  IVratos.  =     1688 

qVIa     fILII     Ir*     non    poterVnt    resIstere    Deo    fortI 
eXerCItVVM.  =     1688 

qVI    pVgnat    et    pVgnaVIt   pro    faMVLo    LeopoLDo,    pIo, 
aVgVsto.  =     1 688 


At  page  83  commences  a  series  of  seventeen  poems  to  the  principal 
officers  who  fought  by  land  and  sea  with  the  Venetians,  each  one  con- 
cluding with  a  chronogram.    The  title  to  the  series  is — 
DVCes   atqVe    InsIgnIores    generaLes    sVb    Veneto    terrA 
MarIqVe  propItIIs  astrIs  pVgnantes.  =     1688 

I. — Otto  Wilhelmus  comes  Koningsmarckius,  a 
Swedish  officer,  governor  of  Pomerania,  etc.,  a  Venetian  commander — 
MartIaLI  CorDI  et  VIro  generoso  VIX  VnVs  orbIs  satIs 
erIt.  —     !688 

II. — Maximilianus  Wilhelmus,  the  young  Duke  of  Bruns- 
wick, etc.,  commander  of  2000  Liineburg  soldiers. 
ab  aDoLesCentIa  sVa  orDIrI   Debet,   qVI   generosVs   VIr 
fIerI  eXpetIs.  s-     I6gg 


r 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  387 

III. — Comes  S.  Polo,  generalis  militiae  Venetse.  He  was 
aged,  but  went  to  battle  as  a  young  man  ('  juveni  par  praelia  misces  ')• 
DebILIs  et  InfIrMa  seneCtVs  sVas  qVoqVe  VIres  obtInet, 
QVils  HOSTES  possIt  frangere.  =     1688 

IV. — Prior  Brancaccio,  director  of  the  Pontifical  and  Maltese 
galleys  (*  Triremium  director,'  etc). 
qVoDVIs  seCVLVM  assVeVIt  noVos  progIgnere  heroas.     =     1688 

V. — Mala  Spina,  praenobilis  eques,  leader  of  the  'galleys  of 
the  church  *  under  Brancaccio.  The  poem  throughout  is  a  play  on 
his  evil-sounding  name, '  an  evil  thorn.'    The  first  line  is — 

Non  mal^ ;  sed  benfe,  vir  pugnax,  Mala  Spina,  vocaris,  etc.  etc. 

The  chronogram  re-echoes  the  allusions — 
non  est  MaLa  spIna  qVje  rosas  VIrentes,  ne  DIrIpIantVr, 

protegIt  :  hostes  Ver6  pVngIt  et  saVCIat.  =     1688 

• 

VI. — Comes  Strasoldo,  formerly  in  the  Imperial  army  in 
Hungary,  afterwards  General  of  the  Venetians  in  the  Peloponnesian 
War.    The  poem  concludes  thus — 

Trans  mare  portavit  te  gloria,  quodque  negavit 
Ungarus,  id  Regio  dat  tibi  Graia  decus. 
qVjb   fortVna  hoMInI   Confert,   LIVor  aVt   InVIDIa   non 
sVrrIpIet.  =     1688 

VII. — Hannibal,  Baron  de  Degenfeldt,  formerly  in  the 
Bavarian  army,  and  then  a  General  in  that  of  the  Venetians  in  the 
Morea  against  the  Turks. 

pro  Vno  aDVersVs  VnVM  fortIter  prjeLIantIbVs  Vna  est 
Corona.  =     1688 

VIII. — Molino,  Captain-general  of  the  Venetian  fleet. 
VenetIarVM  saLVs  et  paX  perItI  sVnt  DVCes.  =     1688 

IX. — Jacomo  Cornaro,  a  naval  officer  of  high  rank.     The 
poem  is  a  play  on  his  name,  'cornua  Lunse/  etc.,  alluding  somewhat 
obscurely  to  two  places  of  which  he  was  the  governor. 
DVo  CornVa  orIentIs  LVNiE  MInVVntVr  per  Venetos.      =     1688 

X.— Laurentius  Venier,  'provisor'  of  the  Venetian  fleet 
The  chronogram  alludes  to  his  first  name — 

LaVro    CoronarI    Is    DIgnVs    est,    qVIsqVIs    non    tIMVIt 
fortIter  pVgnare.  =     1688 


XI. — De    la   Tour    Maubourg,    eques,  et  commendator 
Melitensis  et  copiarum  Melitensium  generalis.  y 

Mors  heroIs  et  VIrI  generosI  pro  IngentI  LVCro,  non  Ver6 
pro  VItIo  aVt  pcenA  est  repVtanDa.  =     1688 


388  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC 

XI  I. — Mocenigo,  General  in  the  Dalmatian  army  for  Venice. 
DVX  Ipse  IneptVs  est  qVI  non  ConsILIIs  parIter  et  Marte 
VIget.  =     1 688 

XIII. — Petrus  Valier,  an  officer  in  the  Dalmatian  army. 
eXerCItVs  VenetVs  non  nVMero,  seD  Innato  VaLore  est 

PRjESTANTlOR.  =       1 688 

XIV. — Janco,  equitum  Morlacensium  generosissimus  ductor. 
DVX  generosVs  VICTORIA  seqVentIs  est  prjeaMbVLo.        =     1688 

XV. — Petrus  Morosini,  an  officer  of  high  rank. 
bonI     DIsCIpVLI    sIbI    qVjerVnt    sapIentes    eXpertosqVe 
MagIstros.  =     1688 

XVI. — Baro  d'Avila,  an  important  officer  attached  to  the 
Morea. 

fortVna    eX    toto    est   VItrea,    CVM    spLenDet,    sVbIto 
frangItVr.  =     1688 

The  poem  next  following  is  intended  to  extol  other  officers  too 
numerous  to  mention,  who  belonged  to  various  countries,  and  served 
as  volunteers  and  otherwise  in  the  Venetian  army  against  the  Turks. 
They  are  indicated  by  these  lines  in  the  poem — 

Immixtos  Anglis,  Gallos  pugnare  volones 
Vidimus,  et  multa  caede  rubere  manus. 
Pro  Cruce  pro  Christo  varios  cecidisse  dolemus, 

Quorum  mors  potius  vita  vocanda  foret 
Sarmata,  Germanus,  Venetus  Leo,  Saxo,  Borussus, 
Ausonius,  Bavarus,  Dalmata,  Graecus  Iber. 
This  reads  like  a  revival  of  the  Crusades.    The  poem  consists  of 
forty  lines,  and  is  preceded  by  this  title — 

IN       GfiTEROS       SVB       REGlO       VeNETjE        ReIpVbLIOe        LABARO 

terrAqVe    MarIqVe   pr/eLIantes    strenVos    et   prjeCLaros 

offICIaLes.  =     1688 

And  it  concludes  with  this  chronogram  motto — 

peregrInI  hoMInIs  atqVjE  Ignotje  VIrtVtIs  non  est  LaVs 

aVt  CVpIDo.  =     1688 

♦'♦»♦ 

A  change  now  comes  over  the  thoughts  of  the  poet.  Friends  and 
allies  having,  in  the  preceding  poems,  been  praised  to  the  utmost  for 
all  they  had  done  and  suffered  for  the  cause  of  Christianity  and  for 
the  German  Emperor,  the  subject  was,  so  far,  pretty  well  exhausted. 
The  Turks  now  come  in  for  their  share,  and,  as  may  be  imagined, 
the  poet  does  not  spare  the  hated  enemies,  and  the  worst  that  can  be 
said  against  them  in  verse  and  chronogram  is  done  without  stint, 
The  Sultan  is  the  first,  and  he  has  a  poem  to  himself  at  page  92, 
bearing  this  title — 

foeDVs    InIVste    rVptVM    sVLtanI    pernICIes    et    rVIna 
orIentIs.  =     1688 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  389 

Mahometh  IV.  Orientis  imperator,  magnus  Turcarum 
Sultanus.    The  second  line  denounces  him  as 

'  Parricida,  sui  certa  ruina  throni. 

And  these  chronograms  follow  at  its  conclusion — 
LVna  orIentIs  per  bInos  fortIter  DeprIMetVr,  et  aqVILa 
Iterat5  eXaLtabItVr.  =     1688 

prInCJpII  MaLI  rar6  bonVs  In  orbe  VIDetVr  eXItVs.       =     1688 
Vm  !  IMperIo  orIentaLI  In  qVo  CiESAR  Ipse  perfIDVs  atqVe 
perJVrVs  est.  =     1688 

The  poems  which  follow  next  relate  to  various  personages 
subordinate  to  the  Sultan,  in  command  of  his  forces  and  otherwise. 
They  are  preceded  by  this  title — 

VARlANTlS      ET      NOVERCANTlS      FORTVNiE      VesIrIaNjE      TRlSTE 

LVDIbrIVM.  =     1688 

Cara  Mustapha,  Pasha,  Grand  Vizier  of  the  Turks,  or  Prime 
Minister.  The  uncomplimentary  poem  to  him,  hinting  £t  strangula- 
tion, concludes  with — 

ConsILIa     MaLa,    ConsVLtorI     IpsI     noCIVa,     In     CapVt 
aVthorIs  reCVrrVnt.  =     1688 

Cara   Ibrahim,  Pasha,  the  successor  of  Mustapha.     The 
last  line  of  his  poem  hints  at  his  end  also  by  strangulation. 
prjeMIa  tyrannIDIs,  qVjB  In  fIne  trIbVIt,  sVnt  fVnes  et 
VInCVLa.  =     1688 

N.N.  Modernus  Magnus  Turcarum  Vesirius,  et  primus 
aulae  minister. 

per  qVm  qVIs  In  VIta  DeLInqVIt,  per  hjbC  MorIens  serIo 
pVnItVr.  =     1688 

Ibrahim,  a  relative  of  the  Sultan,  vizier  and  governor  of  Buda, 
General  in  the  Turkish  army.  He  was  strangled  by  the  Grand  Vizier 
Mustapha. 

InsatIanDa  aMbItIo  haVt  patItVr   JVXta   se   Ire   CorrI- 
VaLes.  =1688 

Abdu  Pasha,  vizier  and  the  last  governor  of  Buda.  The  poem 
intimates  that  he  found  a  more  glorious  death  by  the  sword  in  battle 
than  he  would  have  suffered  by  the  xppe. 

In  obsIDIonIbVs  ab  InsIgnI  et  eXperto  DVCe  penDet  saLVs 
VrbIs.  =     1688 

Emericus  Tekeli,  the  chief  of  the  Hungarian  malcontents, 
and  called  in  the  poem  a  '  rebel/  and  in  the  memoir  which  follows, 
'rebellantium  dux  et  protector.'  He  persevered  with  the  perfidy  and 
pertinacity  of  a  Pharaoh.  His  wife  also  was  a  proper  match  for  him, 
1  ejus  quoque  ssevitiem  induit,  atque  Amazonem  se  novam  esse  mons- 
travit.'    The  title  to  this  poem  is — 


390  THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC. 

eMerICVs     tekeLIVs     pannonLe     InIVstVs     tVrbator  et 

seDItIonIs  aVthor.  =     1688 

And  these  chronograms  are  at  the  conclusion,  on  page  103 — 

qVIsqVIs  es,  CVM  VIro  tVrbatore  et  seDItIosIs  noLI  te 

JVngere.  =     1688 
fataLIs    pLerVMqVe    et    fLenDVs    reI    IstIVs    est,    fVIt, 

erItqVe  fInIs.  sa     1688 

qVoD  Ipse  qVoqVe  Morte  sVA  eXperIetVr  toCkeLI.  =     1688 

P.  Josua  sive  Joseph,  a  'country  clergyman,'  rebellium  dux 
et  antesignanus  (t\e.  a  rebel  leader  and  a  soldier  who  rights  before  the 
standards). 

Mors    soLet   esse    eCho   VItjE    pr«terIt^e,    VtI    In    terrIs 
VIXIstI:  Ita  orDInarI*;  fInIes.  =     1688 

The  rest  of  the  '  impious  and  pernicious  men  *  who  belonged  to 
the  conspiracy  of  Tekeli  are  noticed  in  the  next  poem.  One  Pethne- 
hasius  is  specially  mentioned — 

PETHNEHASIVS      SEDlTlONlS      iNSANiE      DVX,      rebeLLes     pr« 
reLIqVIs  oppoRTVNfc  DeserIt.  =     1688 

His  poem  commences  with  the  following  lines,  and  ends  with  the 
chronogram — 

Non  male  qui  ccepit ;  sed  qui  male  finiit,  orco 
Traditur,  et  pcenae  fit  faber  ipse  suae,  etc. 
oMnIa  sVnt  bona  et  faVsta,  si  bono  eXItV  CLaVDantVr.=     1688 

Four  others  are  grouped  together;  it  is  mentioned  in  a  note,  that  as 
a  consequence  of  the  war  promoted  by  them,  the  number  of  people  sent 
from  Austria  and  Hungary  into  slavery  was  87,400  (viz.,  old  men  6000, 
women  1 1,215,  girls  14,092,  and  boys  56,093,  The  towns  and  villages 
burnt  in  the  region  of  Vienna  14,062,  and  of  Hungary  871.)  The 
poem  concludes  with — 

teMpVs  aDest,  Instat  graVIs  VLtIo,  tVrCa  perIbIt:  Vates, 
effatI  testIs  et  annVs  erIt.  =     1688 


♦■•■♦ 


On  page  106  there  is  an  hexameter  acrostic  on  the  words  '  Leo- 
poldus  vireat,  Mahometus  vileat' — *  Austria,  Polonia,  Venetian' — 
followed  by  these  chronograms — 

aVstrIa  ne  tIMeas,  CrVX  eXaLtanDa  resVrgIt.  =     1688 

o!  MarIa  VNGARliE  totIVs  patrona!  ) 

Io  !  LVna  IaCet  attrIta  sVb  peDIbVs  tVIs.  J  ~     l688 

The  concluding  pages  contain  some  curious  'prognostications' 
in  verse,  drawn  from  events  of  the  period ;  the  last  poem  is  a  '  Pre- 
sagium  de  anno  1688,'  concluding  with  these  chronograms — 

JOSEPHO    AVSTRlACo    PRIMO    HiEREDlTARlO    VNGARliE    REGl     SlT 

paX  et  perpetVa  saLVs.  ==     1688 

IngLorIVs  et  enerVIs  tVrCa  aD  pannones  nVnqVaM  reVer- 
tatVr.  as      !688 


THE  SIEGE  OF  VIENNA,  ETC.  391 

CoMes  toCkeLIVs  aVt  ab  InChoatA  tVrpI  sVA  rebeLLIone 
CIto  resIpIsCat,  aVt  fVne  Intereat.  =     1688 

aqVILa   De  barbarIs   gentIbVs   totIes   trIVMphans   sIt   et 

PERSTET  ESSE  PROTECTRlX  VNGARliE.  =       1 688 

beneDICtVs  $It  DeVs  qVI  pressos  VaLDe  A  barbarIs  hospI- 
tIbVs  erIpVIt  pannones.  =     1688 

fInIo  VtInaM  qVoqVe  fInIat  fVror  gLaDII  et  Chara  paX 
orbI  perennet.  =     1688 

FINIS, 
i.e.  Ifinishf  oh  that  the  fury  of  war  would  also  finish  and  that  dear 
peace  might  endure  to  the  world. 

There  is  a  list  of  corrections  needful  in  the  pages  of  print,  with  an 
address  to  the  reader  in  chronogram  and  verse,  the  only  example  of 
the  sort  that  has  come  under  my  notice — 

typographVs  LeCtorI,  ) 

Vt  errorIbVs  qVI  Metro  InopInat£  IrrepserVnt,        >  =s     1688 
ne  InDIgnetVr.  J 

Irrepsisse  typo  quae  lector  amice  notantur, 

Hsec  animo  sperem  menda  ferenda  bono. 
Tam  castigatus  luci  quis  prodiit  author  ? 

Qui  vidit  librum  labe  carere  suum  ? 
Luna  suas  patitur  maculas  :  Sol  pluribus  ipse 

Subjicitur  naevis,  quae  sine  nube  dies  ? 

Cum  nihil  esse  scias  ex  omni  parte  beatum, 

Hinc  oculo  errores  fer  patiente  meos. 


ss^Mimns 


THE  CITY  OF  VIENNA. 

A  large  volume  of  engravings  representing  the  public  buildings 
£\  in  and  about  Vienna  in  the  year  1724,  is  worthy  of  notice  for 
good  architectural  delineation  enlivened  by  the  introduction  of  street 
scenes,  which  exhibit  some  of  the  out-door  manners  and  dress  of  the 
people  of  that  city  nearly  200  years  ago.  The  British  Museum  copy 
is  catalogued  under  '  Vienna/  the  press-mark  is  554.  e.  3.  The  title 
of  the  first  part  begins,  *  Vera  et  accurata  delineatio,'  etc.  Several 
years  were  occupied  in  the  production  of  the  work;  it  is  dated  1724- 
1737.  There  are  a  few  chronograms,  the  first  being  the  date  of  the 
title  of  the  third  part  of  the  work — 

anno,  In  qVo  aVstrIa  sVperIor  CaroLo  VI.  hoMagII  DebIta 
persoLVIt.  =     1733 

/.*.  The  year  in  which  Upper  Austria  paid  the  debt  of  homage  due  to 
Charles  the  Sixth. 

An  emblematical  engraved  title-page  next  follows,  wherein  are  five 
chronograms,  it  is  a  fine  example  of  such  a  work ;  the  accompanying 
facsimile  of  the  original  represents  it  on  a  reduced  scale  to  adapt  it  to 


39s  VIENNA, 

the  size  of  my  pages.  The  effect  of  a  diminished  copy  by  the  particular 
process  here  used,  is  to  render  finer  all  the  lines  of  the  engraving, 
every  feature  being  reduced  in  equal  proportion.  The  first  of  the 
chronograms  hangs  from  the  trumpet  being  sounded  by  the  substantial 
winged  female  in  mid-air ;  the  four  others  are  conspicuous  at  the  base 
of  the  picture — 

proDIgIo  pLena  aC  sIMILIs  noVa  eX  antIqVa  VIenna.      ss     1732 
InDefesso  IngenII,  artIs  Labore,  VnIto  CoeLI,  sVperVMqVe 
faVore,  =     1732 

trIgInta  Inter  arIstas  hoC  In  proDIgIVM  nVnC  sVrreX- 

ERAT,  =       1732 

hortIs,  CoLossIs,  paLatIIs,  forIs,  IntersItIs,  pIIsqVe  ^DIbVs, 
MIre  aVgVsta,  =     1732 

CaroLo  VI.  aVstrIo.  IMp.  DIVo  aVg.  pIo,  fortI,  fortVnato 

ET  GLORlOSO.  =       1732 

A  new  Vienna  complete  and  like  unto  a  prodigy  instead  of  the  old 
Vienna,  through  the  unwearied  labour  of  genius  and  art  by  the  favour  of 
heaven  and  the  gods  above9  this  prodigy  had  now  arisen  within  thirty 
years,  with  gardens,  great  statues,  palaces,  market-places,  promenades  and 
sacred  buildings,  wonderfully  grand,  when  Charles  VI.  the  Austrian, 
the  holy,  august,  pious,  strong,  happy,  and  glorious,  was  emperor. 

The  title-page  of  the  fourth  part  is  thus  dated — 
aLs    oesterreIChs    VereInIgVng    MIt    LotharIngen    aVss 
genaVeste  gestIfftet  WorDen.  =     1736 

i.e.  When  the  union  of  Austria  with  Lorraitie  was  established  most 
exactly. 


THE  THIRTY  YEARS  WAR. 

THE  Thirty  Years'  War  is  frequently  alluded  to  in  this  and  in  my 
former  volume  on  Chronograms,  and  therefore  it  seems  to  call 
for  a  few  remarks  which  may  lead  the  reader  to  gain  a  little  insight 
into  an  important  event  in  the  history  of  Europe.  The  name  is  given 
to  that  memorable  contest  which  lasted  from  161 8  to  1648,  between 
the  Emperor  and  the  Roman  Catholic  States  of  Germany  on  the  one 
side,  and  the  Protestant  States,  with  their  allies  Denmark,  and  after- 
wards Sweden  and  France,  on  the  other  side.  Spain,  Holland,  and 
Transylvania  also  took  part  in  it,  but  their  interference  was  less  direct 
This  long  struggle  has  generally  been  considered  a  religious  war ;  but 
political  objects  were  the  real  motives  of  the  contending  parties,  and 
religion  was  used  to  veil  the  designs  of  the  leaders.  Many  names  are 
memorable  among  them,  the  Emperors  Matthias  and  Ferdinand  11. ; 
Frederick  v.  Elector  Palatine,  the  son-in-law  of  James  l  of  England ; 
Christian  iv.  of  Denmark ;  Gustavus  Adolphus,  King  of  Sweden,  and, 
on  his  death,  Duke  Bernhard  of  Weimar,  who  led  the  Protestant  allied 


THE  THIRTY  YEARS  WAR.  393 

forces.  The  Imperial  forces  were  led  by  Wallenstein,  Tilly  also  com- 
manding on  the  same  side.  Passing  over  the  successes  and  defeats 
in  the  long  contest,  Ferdinand  was  compelled  by  events  to  conclude  a 
peace  after  seven  years'  negotiation,  which  was  signed  at  Miinster,  in 
Westphalia,  on  24th  October  1648. 

A  writer  on  the  Luther  commemoration  in  1883  remarks,  that 
Ferdinand  11.,  who  was  a  pupil  of  the  Jesuits,  had  sworn  before  the 
Papal  throne  to  restore  Catholicism  in  his  hereditary  territories  He 
undertook  to  intimidate  his  Protestant  neighbours  into  recanting  their 
heresies.  His  agents  were  Tilly  and  Wallenstein,  and  a  war  of  reli- 
gious extermination  was  proclaimed.  Morally  the  Thirty  Years'  War  is 
not  to  be  charged  upon  Luther  and  the  Reformation.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  connection  between  them  can  scarcely  be  described  as  an 
accident,  though  not  to  be  imputed  as  a  reproach  to  Protestantism. 
Protestantism,  as  a  German  speaker  recently  said,  was  a  rebellion 
against  the  terrible  doctrine  that  the  faith  of  a  people  lies  in  the  dis- 
cretion of  its  sovereign.  The  Hapsburgs  held  the  tenet  in  the  meaning, 
that  the  sovereigns  whose  religion  was  to  be  accepted  were  themselves. 
They  were  fast  subjugating  all  Protestant  Germany,  as  they  had 
reduced  already  the  Archduchies  and  half  Bohemia,  when  Gustavus 
Adolphus  appeared.  Resistance  to  Ferdinand  11.  and  to  Rome, 
though  it  laid  the  land  waste  for  thirty  years,  and  exhausted  it  for  a 
hundred,  is  in  the  eyes  of  patriotic  Germans  an  essential  element  in 
the  unity  they  now  enjoy.  They  are  the  best  judges ;  they  claim 
Luther  and  Lutheranism  as  their  guide  through  the  labyrinth  of  petty 
intrigues  and  intestine  strifes  of  the  intervening  centuries;  they  do 
not  grudge  the  price  they  have  had  to  pay  for  him  and  it. 

A  '  Bohemian  exile '  named  Sictor  wrote  some  chronograms  on 
events  of  the  war  which  were  enacted  in  his  own  country.  The  par- 
ticulars are  as  follows  :— 

A  tract  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford  (press-mark  Ash.  561 
No.  2),  40,  pp.  8,  was  written  by  John  Sictor,  the  *  Bohemian  exile ' 
who  was  the  author  of  certain  chronogrammatic  works  mentioned  in 
my  former  book  on  Chronograms >  pp.  18,  25,  35.  The  tract  was 
published  in  1645;  it  contains  a  few  of  the  chronograms  which  I 
have  already  quoted  from  his  work  of  1646,  together  with  some  others 
relating  to  Gustavus  Adolphus  and  the  Thirty  Years'  War  which  here 
follow,  and  have  not  otherwise  come  under  my  observation.  The 
title  is,  '  Chronometra  aliquot  memorabilium  rerum  his  certis  annis 
gestarum. 

Epigramma, 
Historia  est  testis  mundi,  et  narratio  rerum, 
Quae  nisi  sit  veri  nuncia,  laude  caret,'  etc.  etc. 
'  Cantabrigian  1645.' 
As  usual  with  this  author,  his  name  is  not  on  the  title,  but  else- 
where, as  in  this  instance  at  the  conclusion  of  a  dedicatory  epigram, 
on  another  page.     I  extract  the  following 

3D 


394  THE  THIR1Y  YEARS   WAR. 

Mnemonicon  Boheino-Germanicum. 

On  the  battle  of  the  White  Hill,  near  Prague,  when  Frederick  v., 
king  of  Bohemia,  and  the  Protestant  party,  were  signally  defeated  by 
the  Bavarians  and  the  Roman  Catholic  league. 

Eteostichon  Pragensis  Albo-Montanae  Anno   Dom.  1620,  die  8 
Novembris,  stylo  novo  incolis  usitato, 
CzeChIgensIs  fVIt  InfeLIX  oCtaVa  noVeMbrIs,  \  __       , 

LVXIt  VbI  aVstrIaCo  praga  sepVLta  IVgo  !  J  ~~     I02° 

i.e.  The  &th  day  of  November  was  unfortunate  to  the  Bohemians,  it 
shone  when  Prague  was  put  under  the  Austrian  yoke. 

On  the  first  battle  of  Leipzig,  when  Gustavus  Adolphus,  king  of 
Sweden,  defeated  the  Imperial  forces  led  by  General  Tilly. 

Chronogramma  primae  cladis  Lipsensis  &  victorioso  rege  Sueciae 
Caesarianis  illatae,  Anno  Dom.  1 631,  die  7  Septembris. 
Gesareas  aqVILas  CepIt  gVstaWs  aDoLphVs,  ) 

saXonIbVs  IVnCtVs  DIVIno  VICtor  In  agro  :  V  =     1631 

septeno  VIIbrIs  erIt  pIa  LIpsIa  testIs.  ) 

i.e.  Gustavus  Adolphus  took  the  Imperial  eagles,  being  joined  by  the 
Saxons  in  the  heaven-favoured  battle:  Leipzig  will  stand  a  pious 
wittiess  to  the  *jth  day  of  September. 

On  the  battle  of  Liitzen,  when  the  warlike  king,  Gustavus  Adolphus, 
like  the  courageous  Samson,  was  killed,  though  he  was  the  victor. 
See  Chronograms,  p.  187.     A  large  block  of  granite  marks  the  spot 

Eteostichon   cladis  Lutczenae  in  Misnia,  in  qua  bellicosus  rex 
Suecorum,  instar  animosi  Samsonis,  victor  occubuit,  Ann.  Dom.  1632, 
die  6  Novembris. 
seXta  noVeMbrIs  erat  regI  fataLIs  aDoLpho  ;  )  , 

ast  sVeones  fIgVnt  Ipsa  trophjea  pIIs.  J  ~"     l  $2 

i.e.  The  6th  day  of  November  was  fatal  to  King  Adolphus.  Lo  I  the 
Swedes  erect  their  trophies  to  the  pious  men. 

On  the  second  battle  of  Leipzig,  when  the  Swedes  defeated  the 
Austrians. 

Chronogramma  secundae  cladis  Lipsensis,  Caesarianis  a.  Suecis 
illatae,  Anno  Dom.  1642,  die  23  Octobris,  qu&  etiam  post  meridiem 
in  Anglia  pugnatum. 

soLe  qVater  qVIno  trInoqVe  oCtobrIs  oborto,  )  _       , 

aVstrIaCIs  sVeCI  CVMVLabant  Castra  tropins.  J  ""     l042 

i.e.  The  four  times  five  and  three  (23//)  day  of  October  arrived,  and  the 
Swedes  filled  their  camp  with  Austrian  trophies. 

On  the  death  of  Gustavus,  his  daughter  Christina  became  Queen  of 
Sweden,  to  the  great  satisfaction  of  the  people.  Public  opinion  became 
very  unfavourable  at  a  later  period  of  her  career.  The  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  page  403  infra  for  some  particulars  concerning  her. 

Aliud  eteostichon  Epinicion  de  serenissimS  regin&  Sueciae,  felici 
Triumphatrice  in  eodem  praelio. 


1 


THE  THIRTY  YEARS  WAR.  395 

VLta  fVIt  sVeCIs  CharI  pIa  fata  parentIs,  )  , 

ContInVans  ChrIstI  popVLIs  ChrIstIna  trIVMphos.         J  ~"        42 
i.e.  There  was  life  to  the  Swedes  in  the  pious  death  of  the  dear  parent, 
when  Christina  continued  the  triumphs  to  the  people  of  Christ 

Near  Tabor,  in  Bohemia,  the  stronghold  of  the  Hussites  and 
their  leader  Ziska  (see  Chronograms,  p.  335),  situated  on  a  com-* 
manding  eminence,  was  fought  the  battle  in  which  the  Austrians 
were  defeated.  This  happened  on  the  day  of  Saint  Matthias,  the 
24th  February ;  the  chronogram  refers  to  the  figurative  language  of 
the  fourth  chapter  of  the  prophet  Daniel. 

Eteostichon  fatalis  cladis  Domus  Austriacae  in  Bohemia,  propfe 
civitatem  Tabor,  memorabile  castrum  et  munimentum  J  oh.  Ziscae, 
Ann.  Dom.  1645,  die  24  Februarii,  stylo  antiquo  Juliano. 
LVX  saCra  MatthIjE  aVstrIaCIs  sVa  fata  resoLVIt,        )  =       6 

Vt  CeLerI  gyro  robora  CeLsa  rVant  !    (Daniel  iv.)        J  "~     l  4* 
i.e.  The  day  sacred  to  Matthias,  sacred  to  the  Austrians,  sealed  their 
fate,  as  by  a  swift  turn  (?)  the  lofty  oaks  shall  perish.      (See  Daniel, 
chapter  iv.) 

The  same  event  is  referred  to  in  the  next  chronogram,  under  the 
date  6th  of  March,  new  style,  the  same  day  as  24th  February  in  the 
old  calendar. 

Aliud  de  eadem   die  6  Martii  stylo  novo  Gregoriano  ibidem 
consueto. 
MartIVs  aVstrIaCos  seXtA  faCe  ab  ense  repressIt,  )  =       6 

CeV  gLaCIes  aVstro  fLante  soLVta  fLVIt.  J  ~*     *  4* 

ue.  March  (or  Mars)  on  the  sixth  day  overcame  the  Austrians  by  the 
sword,  like  as  the  ice  fruits  when  the  south  wind  blows. 

The  last  page  of  the  tract  contains  three  epigrams  on  the  warlike 
events  of  the  period  (the  author  seems  still  to  have  in  his  mind  the 
dream  described  in  the  fourth  chapter  of  Daniel),  and  it  concludes 
with  this 

Emblema  chronologicum  Anni  1645. 
per  tot  ConfLICtVs  aqVILone  repeLLItVr  aVster  :  )  _       , 

aVstrIa  hyperboreo  proCVMbIt  robore  qVerCVs.  J  *$ 

i.e.  The  south  wind  is  repelled  by  so  many  conflicts  with  the  north  wind, 
Austria,  the  oak,  is  prostrate  through  the  northern  strength.  This  chrono- 
gram is  full  of  double  meaning,  such  as  Auster  (the  south  wind)  and 
Austria  (the  nation).     Robur  and  Quercus  are  almost  synonymous. 


TEMESVAR. 

THE  fortress  of  Temesvar  or  Temeswar  in  Hungary  was  the  scene 
of  warfare  and  bloodshed  at  the  period  now  in  question,  when 
it  was  in  the  possession  of  the  Turks.  It  was  besieged  in  17 16  by  the 
Emperor  Charles  vi.  and  Prince  Eugene,  and  taken  from  the  Turks, 


396 


TEMESVAR. 


OfUh 


who  were  eventually  expelled  from  the  country  which  they  had  held 
for  150  years.  The  following  nine  anagrams  on  the  name  of  the  town 
are  more  or  less  allusive  to  current  circumstances,  as  also  are  the 
accompanying  chronograms  in  Leonine  hexameter  and  pentameter 
verse,  which  give  the  date  of  the  victory.  They  are  taken  from  Zedler's 
Universal  Lexicon,  xlii.  719,  where  they  are  printed  with  many  trouble- 
some inaccuracies.  The  words  of  the  anagrams  are  repeated  in  the 
chronogram  verses,  and  they  are  altogether  very  curious.  Medals 
relating  to  this  siege  are  mentioned  in  my  former  volume  on  Ch 
grams,  p.  159. 

Temeswar.         1  Anagram.  Evertamus. 

nVnC  rota  VertetVr  teMesVVar  IVre  VeretVr 
InsoLIta  eVgenI  DeXterItate  VenI  ! 

Temeswar.         2  Anagram.         Tu  es  murea. 
Vrbs  VIX  posse  gLobIs  InfrIngI  MVrea,  VobIs 
bassIs  1  VIsu  (sic)  fVIt,  seD  qVasI  bVLLa  rVIt. 

Temeswar.         3  Anagram.        A  metu  rues. 
tVrCa  VIr  InConstans,  potIVsqVe  VoCabItVr  Infans 
Vt  pVer,  Iste  VetVs  tVrCa  fLet:  eCCe  Met  Vs. 

Temeswar.         4  Anagram.        Vere  mutas. 
fert  trVX  tVrCa  pLagas,  fert  DVX  eVgenIVs,  agas 
basse1  Vrbes  MVtas  qVas  fore  fata  pVtas. 

Temeswar.         5  Anagram.         Aureum  est 
Vrbs  Fit  thesaVrI  CVMVLVs,  fIt  fVnDVs  et  aVrI, 
QViE  pVro  VenIt  ferro,  et  ab  jEre  VenIt. 

Temeswar.         6  Anagram.         Mare  vetus. 
eXCVrrVnt  naVes  ;  tVLIt  Vrbs  pro  C^esare  CLaVes, 
nVnC  CiESAR  LiETVs  post  Mare  sVrgat  VetVs. 

Temeswar.         7  Anagram.         Resume  tua. 
Vt  VarIa  bVLLa  est  PRiEsCRlPTlo  tVrCICa  nVLLa 
IVra  VoLVnt,  C^sar  IVra  resVMe  tVa. 

Temeswar.         8  Anagram.         Ut  eruas  me. 
gens  fIDeI  o  CiESAR  pIa  sperat  Vrbe  teMeswar 
hIs  e  paganIs  eruVe  (sic)  ab  ore  CanIs. 

Temeswar.         9  Anagram.         Tu  me  serva. 
aeternaLe  VaLe  DIC,  basse,1  DIC,  aga:1  LoCaLe 
hoC  sIbI  IVs  retinet  (sic)  Cesar  In  orbe  tenet. 


=  1716 


=  1716 


1716 


=  1716 


=  1716 


=  1716 


=  1716 


=  1716 


1716 


1  The  names  of  a  person  ?  or  place  ?  I  have  met  with  them  in  other  chronograms  alluding 
to  the  Turks.     Probably  the  Latin  form  of '  Pasha,1  the  Turkish  officer. 


EXPENSES  OF  WAR— SPANISH  SUCCESSION  WAR.      397 
EXPENSES  OF  WAR. 


A 


tract  consisting  of  four  pages  only,  40,  lent  to  me  by  the  Rev. 
Walter  Begley,  commences  thus — 

Epistola  responsoria 

Consiliarii  ad  Consiliarium, 

agens 

de  materia 

Contributionum  Gallicarum 

Anno  1688. 


1  =    1688 


quo 
prjESEntare  fero  Debet  bona  sVeVIa1  gaLLo 
ms  graVe,  qVo  Late  rVra  VIrosqVe  preMIt. 

ET  RHENVS   MiENVSQVE1  PARES   DANT   HOSTIbVs,    IGNIS  )   =  ,gg 

NON   LONGAS   HORAS  Vt  CaVeATVr,   OPES.  J 

VnDe  sVas  fIrMat  properans  gens  eXtera  VIres,  i  =       6gg 

qVeIs  VaLeat  nostro  teLa  parare  soLo.  J  ~"     ! 

On  the  second  page  some  remarks  (in  Latin)  commence,  headed 
by  the  initials  P.  P.,  on  the  exactions  of  money  levied  in  certain 
parts  of  Germany  for  the  expenses  of  the  war ;  concluding  thus  on 
the  fourth  page, — Vale,  et  si  perpetub  vir  rectus  es,  cave,  ne  dum 
frigus  in  hisce  partibus  intendit,  in  tuis  quidquam  ex  ardore  erga  me 
remittas.  Dabam  ex  Musaeo  in  DonagriS.  postridie  Calendas  Romanas. 
Anno  1688. 

LILIa  qVI  possent  nIVeos  retInere  CoLores,  I  _       ^^ 

non  LICIte  rapto  qVa  sIC  MaCVLantVr  ab  aVro?         J  "     I0*8 

The  imprint,  of  place  or  date,  in  the  usual  form,  is  absent. 


THE  SPANISH  SUCCESSION  WAR. 

THE  war  of  the  '  Spanish  Succession '  was  the  result  of  the  events 
which  preceded  and  the  intrigues  which  ensued  on  the  death, 
in  1700,  of  Charles  11.  King  of  Spain,  the  last  of  the  house  of  Austria; 
he  by  his  will  having  nominated  as  his  successor  Philip  Duke  of 
Anjou,  grandson  of  Louis  xiv.  of  France.  The  circumstances  are 
related  in  Zedler,  xxxviii.  1182,  with  the  following  satirical  verses  and 
chronogram  of  the  year  1700,  and  some  remarks  to  the  following  effect : 
— Upon  the  happy  progress  of  the  righteous  weapons  which  England 
and  Holland  made  use  of  to  influence  the  House  of  Austria  and  the 
fickle  Catalonians,  adversely  to  the  pretensions  of  France. 

1  Suabia.  a  The  rivers  Rhine  and  Main. 


39* 


THE  SPANISH  SUCCESSION  WAR. 


Usque  hue  cantavi  ad  Organa  Galli 

Nunc  alia  ad  Cytharam,  Carole,  canto  tuam, 
Altum  cantavi  Gallo,  sed  voce  coacta, 
Bassum  nativa  nunc  gravitate  cano. 
Cantavi,  ad  cantum  saltavit  Gallia  tota : 

Nunc  ubi  canto  Fugam,  Gallia  tota  fugit. 
Denique  cantavi  false ;  Anglica  musica  venit, 

Tacto  aliter  docuit,  me  cecinisse  suo. 
Ergo  nunc  alia  canto  Catalonia  voce, 
Scilicet  Anglico  per  bene  docta  modo, 
proVIDeant  sVperI  reLIqVa  qVoqVe  regna  propInqVa  )  __ 
Cantent  aVstrIaCo  CVnCta  seCVnDa  Choro.  J  "~ 

i  e.  Hitherto  I  have  sung  to  the  Organ  of  the  French,  now  I  sing  other 
things  to  thy  Lute,  O  Charles.  I  have  sung  '  alto '  to  the  cock  (i.e.  the 
Frenchman),  but,  with  a  constrained  voice,  now  I  sing  '  basso '  with 
natural  gravity.  I  have  sung,  and  all  France  has  danced  to  the  song ; 
now  when  I  sing  a  '  Fugue*  all  France  takes  flight.  Lastly,  I  have  sung 
1  Falsetto '  (falsely)  ;  the  English  music  comes  in,  it  taught  me  by  its  touch 
(or  influence)  to  have  sung  differently.  Therefore  now  I  sing  other  things 
with  a  Caialonian  voice,  taught  thoroughly  well  after  the  English 
manner.  (Chronogram.)  May  the  most  exalted  persons  and  the  neigh- 
bouring  kingdoms  foresee  the  remaining  things,  and  may  they  sing  all 
things  prosperously  in  English  chorus. 


1700 


POLAND. 

APOLLO    HEROICUS    ET    LYRICUS. 

APPLAUSE  AND  GRATULATION. 

FOLIO  volume,  and  a  very  curious  one,  claims  especial 
notice;  British  Museum,  press-mark  1871.  d.  2.;  no 
pagination,  but  it  consists  of  sixty-four  leaves.  It 
contains  poetical  or  versified  addresses  in  the  Latin 
language  to  high  and  exalted  personages,  eulogising 
them  in  exceedingly  flattering  terms,  after  the  fashion  of  the  period, 
and  referring  to  the  wars  and  public  events  of  northern  Europe  in 
the  seventeenth  century  (mostly  in  Poland),  in  which  those  persons 
were  intimately  concerned.  Much  fancy  is  displayed  in  the  various 
compositions ;  they  are,  with  a  few  exceptions,  in  hexameter  metre, 
the  appropriate  heroic  verse,  and  they  are  adorned  with  chronograms 
to  give  the  dates.  Full  transcripts  would  be  needful  to  show  the 
character  of  the  verses,  and  the  great  variety  of  subject  and  events 
alluded  to :  the  extracts  which  follow  will  set  forth  the  titles,  some- 
times at  length,  in  order  to  elucidate  the  unusual  character  of  some 
of  the  verses  and  the  chronograms  which  accompany  them.  There  is 
no  date  in  figures  anywhere  in  the  book;  the  chronograms  alone 
afford  the  dates  intended  by  the  author,  who  was  the  Abbot  of  Oliva. 
This  place  or  village  of  Oliva,  is  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Dantzig, 
in  Prussia,  formerly  part  of  the  territory  of  the  once  powerful  king- 
dom of  Poland.  Here  is  the  anciently  celebrated  Cistercian  abbey, 
suppressed  in  1829,  the  church  of  which,  a  stately  edifice  dating 
from  1581,  is  now  the  parish  church.     The  choir  contains  the  figures 


400  POLAND— APOLLO  HERIOCUS. 

of  Polish  Kings  and  Dukes  of  Pomerania,  and  carvings  done  in  1619. 
The  refectory  is  adorned  with  portraits  (?)  of  all  the  abbots  from  11 70, 
the  date  of  the  foundation  of  the  abbey.  The  peace  which  termi- 
nated the  sixty-one  years'  northern  war  was  concluded  here  between 
Sweden  and  Poland  on  3d  May  1660.  The  palace  of  the  abbots  is 
now  inhabited  by  some  noble  family  of  Germany;  it  possesses  a 
beautiful  garden,  and  the  surrounding  scenery  is  said  to  be  very  fine. 
Poland  had  been  conquered  by  the  Swedes  in  1655,  and  it  recovered 
its  independence  by  the  treaty  at  the  above-mentioned  date. 

The  book  now  under  notice  was  printed  at  the  monastery  of 
Oliva  in  17 12  according  to  the  chronogram  on  the  title-page,  the 
author  also  there  states  that  the  contents  hitherto  scattered  about  are 
now  brought  together  in  one  volume.  The  full  name  and  designa- 
tions of  the  author  are  thus  given  at  the  commencement  of  the  first 
address  to  Pope  Innocent  XL — '  Michael  Antonius  Hacki,  Abbas  Mon. 
B.  M.  de  Oliva  O.  C.  S.  R.  M.  Pol.  Seer,  et  Ejusd.  Gen.  ad  P.  P.  C 
The  general  title-page  is  as  follows  : — 

1  Apollo  heriocus  et  lyricus  diversus  primorum  orbis  Chris- 
tiani  capitum  ac  potissimum  (sit)  bello  sacro  colligatorum  palraas  et 
lauros  de  hostibus  reportatas,  nee  non  aliorum  nonnullorum  principuro, 
cardinalium,  amplissimse  Urbis  Dantiscanae  elogia  ac  virtutum  decora, 
sparsim  hactenus,  nunc  junctum  in  uno  fasce  decantans  publics  luci 
datur  a  p.  ac  r.  d.  m.  a.  h.  a.  o. 

Votum  Chronosticum 
aMoD6  Coronet  paX  ChrIstIanos!  =     1712 

Oliva,  Imprimebat  Joannes  Jacobus  Textor,  Factor.' 

Th$  ft™*  address  in  hexameter  verse  is  to  Pope  Innocent  xi.,  and 
it  concludes  with  this  chronogram — 

InnoCentIVs  XI.  ) 

Dator  LIberator  beatIssIMVs  >  =     1687 

VIVat  !  ) 

The  next  address  bears  this  title:    Poenitentia  gloriosa. 
Vaticinium  triumphale,  etc.  of  Pope  Alexander  viil,  and  this  chrono- 
gram—        VIVat  aLeXanDerI  VenetVM  stIrps      .  I  _       *a 
sIt  CapVt  orbIs !                                   J"     1069 

The  address  occupies  more  than  three  pages  of  hexameter  verse ; 
the  first  letter  of  each  line  is  printed  sideways,  to  form  these  words, 
'  Beatissimus  pater  sanctissimus  dominus  summus  ecclesiae  pontifex 
Christi  vicarius  Alexander  papa  octavus  de  gente  Othobonorum 
Venetus  vivat  triumphet'  (This  Pope  helped  the  Emperor  Leopold 
against  the  Turks ;  his  family  name  was  Ottoboni,  of  Venetian  origin.) 
The  verses  conclude  with  this  chronogram  of  the  date  of  his  election — 


POLAND— APOLLO  HBROICUS.  401 


I" 


1686 


Ita 

fortVnatIs  aVgVstIorIs  trIgenI  aVspICIIs  \-=-     1689 

pLaVsVM  Dabat 

'  Subjectissimus., 
(Then  follow  the  author's  initials,  etc.,  in  two  lines.) 
The  next  address,  in  hexameter  verse,  bears  this  grandiloquent 
dedicatory  title, '  Deo  et  Leopoldo  Liberatori  augusto,  Buda  Hun- 
garise  Metropolis,  potentissimis  de  Otomanica  servitute,  Vindiciis 
mancipata  augustissimi  triumphis  applaudente'  (here  follows  a  long 
line  of  initial  letters  of  the  author's  name,  etc.).  The  verses  con- 
clude with  this  chronogram,  of  the  date  when  the  Emperor  Leopold  1. 
was  carrying  on  successful  war  against  the  Turks  in  Hungary — 

LeopoLDo  LIberatorI  Io  !  trIVMphe  !  )  _ 

VIVat  reX  hVngarLe!  J 

The  next  address  in  hexameter  verse  bears  this  title,  Serenis- 
simus  Josephus  primus,  Romanorum  Hungariae  Boemiae 

reX  VIVat  regVM  1  l6g 

LeopoLDI  orbIsqVe  saLVtI.  J  9 

The  address  fills  four  pages ;  the  first  letter  of  each  line  is  printed 
sideways  to  form  these  words,  '  Regum  maximi  imperatorum  augus- 
tissimi christianorum  vindicis  Leopoldi  primi  filio  Josepho  primo 
Romanorum  Hungariae  Boemiae  regi  regum  felicissimo  augustissima 
universal     And  it  concludes  with  this  flattering  chronogram — 

ter  reX,  ter  feLIX  MVnDI  CapVt  )  =     ^g 

Io  IosephVs!  J  9 

This  Joseph  1.,  son  of  the  Emperor  Leopold  1.,  became  king  of 
Hungary,  etc.,  in  1687. 

Another  grandiloquent  title  commences  the  next  address  to  the 
king  of  Poland,  '  Deo  et  Joanni  III.  ter  magno  regi  orthodoxo 
Austri  vindici,  Orientis  domitori,  Occidentis  defensori,  Aquilonis 
terrori,  Turcico,  Scythico,  Dacico,  etc.  etc.,  invictissimo  Domino 
domino  suo  clementissimo  Sarmatia  triumphans  applaudit 
VIVat  Io  !  regIs  LaVro,  reDVCIsqVe  trIVMphIs  =     1686 

•  Accinente/ 
(Here  follow  the  author's  initials.) 

The  address  in  hexameter  verse  fills  four  pages,  and  ends  with 
this  chronogram — 

VIVat  Ioannes  tertIVs 

reXpoIx>nLe(tVrCIDoMItor 

(  ChrIstIanorVM  Defensor.  =     1686 

This  king  of  Poland,  John  Sobieski,  was  the  last  independent 
king,  1674-1697 ;  he  was  illustrious  for  victories  over  the  Cossacks, 
Turks,  and  Tartars.     (See  former  volume  Chronograms!) 

The  next  address  bears  an  important-looking  title ;  it  is  also  to 
John  in.,  whose  name  is  printed  in  capital  letters  an  inch  and  a  half 
in  size,  *  Heroi  serenissimo  Joanni  tertio  regi  Poloniarum  ter 

3* 


}- 


1686 


402  POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS. 

magno  regum  potentissimo,  sapientissirao,  Optimo,  Europae  defensori, 
orbis  servatori,  patriae  pater 

Imperium    sine    fine.'     (Virgil,  /En.  i.  279.) 

There  are  four  pages  of  hexameter  verse ;  the  first  letter  of  each 
line  is  printed  sideways  to  form  the  above  words  of  the  title,  con- 
cluding with  this  chronogram — 

Ioannes  MagnVs  reX,  VInDeX  I  Aa 

Cor  sIt  oLIVje  !  /  ~     l0*9 

The  next  address  to  the  Venetians  is  more  simple,  though  it 
begins  grandly  thus,  '  Deo  et  Venetis  christians  libertatis  et  mari 
et  terra  assertoribus/  etc.  etc.  The  verses  conclude  with  this  chrono- 
gram— 

VIVat  VenetIa  Marte  VInDeX  )  =       6g 

ChrIstIan^e  LIbertatIs  !  j  l     ' 

The  next  address  is  to  Francis  Morosini,  Doge  of  Venice,  '  Soli  in 
Leone  Heroum  felicissimo  principum  serenissimo  Domino  Domino 
Francisco  Morosini  Duci  Venetiarum  etc.  Lunae  Ottomanicae  semper 
victori  serenissimae  reipublicae  propagatori,  patriae  patri.' 
seMper  VICtor  Io  VIgeat  DVX  pLVrIbVs  annIsI  =     1690 

The  verses  are  in  praise  of  the  Doge  and  of  the  victories  over  the 
Turks  by  the  Venetians ;  the  first  letter  of  each  line  is  printed  side- 
ways,  to  form  the  words  of  the  title,  commencing  at  the  word 
'  Heroum.'    The  last  two  lines  include  the  chronogram — 
Regnaque  Tanta  Deum  venetis  cupit  addere  Sceptris : 
I  VInDeX,  soLIIsqVe  frVens  Leo  soLqVe  trIVMpha.  =     1690 

The  first  alludes  to  the  kingdoms  and  countries,  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  lines,  conquered  by  the  Doge ;  the  second  (and  also  the 
commencement  of  the  title)  alludes  to  his  armorial  device,  which 
represented  the  sun,  or  a  sunbeam;  and  a  lion. 

The  next  address  again  proceeds  to  exalt  the  Venetians  through 
their  patriarch  S.  Laurentius — 

'  Sanctitas  Veneta  ob  divorum  honores  S.  Laurentio  lustiniano, 
Venetiarum  primo  patriarchae  in  ccelis  triumphanti,  a  sanctissimo 
Domino  nostro  D.  Alexandro  papa  octavo  in  ecclesia  militante 
decretos  triumphans,'  etc. 

In  this  address  also  the  first  letters  of  the  lines  are  printed  to 
form  almost  the  words  of  the  title,  and  this  chronogram  is  the  con- 
cluding hexameter  line;  it  is  explained  as  giving  the  year  of  the 
saint's  canonization — 
sIC  Veneto  DIVVs  VVLt  IVstInIanVs  honoreM.  =     1690 

This  chronogram  is  explained  by  an  allusion  to  a  proverb — Dat 
Galenus  opes,  dat  Justinianus  honores. 

The  next  address  is  to  Christina,  Queen  of  Sweden  3  the  title 
commences — 

•  Majestas  virtutis  christianae,  in  serenissima  et  potentissima 
Christina  Suecorum,  Gottorum,  Vandalorum  regum/  etc  etc.  There 
are  four  pages  of  hexameter  verses,  with  marginal  notes,  giving  a 


POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS.  403 

general  idea  of  their  purport.    The  following  extract  gives  the  opening 
lines,  and  the  marginal  notes  which  accompany  the  succeeding  ones — 
Majejtas  i  Regia  Wasaidum  soboles,  reginaque  magno 
r4&e.     |  Edita  Gustavo ;  patriis  par  filia  sceptris. 

Abdicatio  anno  1654. — Heroicse  virtutis  specimen. — Sui  ipsius 
victoria. — Romam,  Alexandro  vn.  Pont,  commigratio. — Regium 
Gustavi  de  Seren.  filia  prasagium. — Alexandra,  secundum  Christinae 
nomen. — Pax  Monasteriensis. — Regnum  virtutis. — Libertas  principe 
digna. — Animi  magnitude — Contemptus  saeculL — Comitas  augusta. 
— Clemen tia  regia. — Pietas  munifica. — Plenitudo  scientiarum. 
The  concluding  lines  of  the  eulogy  are  as  follows — 

QuantS  prd  Superi  !  se  Majestate  videndum 

Praebet  honos  animi !  Quanto  cumulata  sereno, 

Christina,  virtus  redit,  et  dignissima  Christo  ! 

O  spreti  regina  throni,  Christina  tuique  ! 

Major  Alexandro  vives  :  regesque  coronam  ! 

Et  virtus  debere  tibi,  post  astra,  loquentur. 
This  Christina,  Queen  of  Sweden,  was  the  daughter  of  Gustavus 
Adolphus,  of  the  royal  family  of  Vasd.  In  1644  she  took  the  reins 
of  government  into  her  own  hands.  She  was  energetic  in  all  her 
undertakings,  and  acted  rather  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  affairs  of 
Europe,  but  having  secretly  become  a  convert  to  the  Roman  religion,  . 
she  renounced  the  crown  and  retired  to  Rome,  where  she  lived  in 
state,  and  died  there  in  1689.  The  whole  of  the  verses  are  so 
laudatory  that  one's  curiosity  is  excited  to  know  more  of  this  exemplary 
woman.  A  modern  historian  sums  up  her  character  generally  in  these 
words: — She  was  only  six  years  old  when  she  succeeded  to  the  throne. 
She  became  more  fond  of  Jiterature  and  the  arts  than  of  politics. 
Her  vanity  was  delighted  by  the  homage  paid  to  her  by  literary  men, 
and  she  pensioned  such  of  them  as  she  thought  ready  to  extend 
her  reputation ;  she  spent  large  sums  in  rare  books  and  specimens  of 
art-  Her  subjects  were  displeased  at  her  prodigality;  they  condemned 
her  tastes,  they  lamented  her  unchastity,  and  sensibly  advised  her  to 
marry,  and  attend  more  strictly  to  her  duties  as  a  sovereign.  Against 
marriage,  which  would  have  subjected  her  caprice  to  restraints,  she 
indignantly  remonstrated,  and  she  eventually  abdicated  and  retired 
into  private  life,  retaining  ample  revenues  as  the  means  to  gratify  her 
pleasures.  She  went  to  Brussels,  where  she  privately  abjured  the 
Protestant  faith.  She  afterwards  went  to  Rome,  making  a  sort  of 
triumphant  entry  there.  She  soon  became  disgusted  with  a  private 
station,  and  is  said  to  have  intrigued  to  regain  possession  of  the 
crown.  She  grew  tired  of  Italy  too,  where,  to  gain  applause,  she  had 
publicly  embraced  the  Roman  Catholic  faith.  She  could  no  longer 
meet  with  the  respect  to  which  she  had  been  accustomed.  Though 
still  young,  only  twenty-nine  at  her  abdication,  her  character  was  not 
of  a  high  order,  and  her  manners  were  still  less  calculated  to  win 
affection;  she  could  not  forget  that  she  had  been  a  queen;  she 
wished  to  pass  for  a  wit,  a  philosopher ;  and  she  found  to  her  inex- 


404  POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS 

pressible  mortification  that  what  had  been  spontaneously  paid  to  her 
as  a  sovereign  was  withheld  from  the  woman.  The  irregularities  of 
her  life,  especially  in  France,  did  not  much  support  the  superiority 
which  she  was  always  ready  to  claim.  Vain,  weak,  superficial, 
without  beauty,  without  grace,  she  was  soon  reduced  to  her  own 
level.  Licentiousness  was  not  her  only  crime.  In  a  fit  of  jealousy 
she  caused  one  of  her  lovers,  Monaldeschi,  to  be  assassinated,  and 
although  not  brought  to  public  justice,  she  was  obliged  to  quit  France 
and  end  her  infamous  career  at  Rome.  Never  has  sovereign  been 
more  egregiously  over-rated. 

The  verses  conclude  with  this  chronogram,  made  before  she 
died — 

ChrIstIna  aLeXanDra  )  _       *« 

MlRiE  VIrtVtIs  regIna  VIVat  !  /  ~"     IO°7 

This  queen  of  '  wonderful  virtue '  survived  these  flattering  words 
only  two  years. 

The  next  is  addressed  to  the  Elector  Frederic  in.  of  Brandenburg, 
who  is  classed  among  the  heroes  of  the  period:  'BRANDEN- 
BURGUM  TRIUMPHANS  serenissimo  principe  ac  Domino 
domino  Friderico  in.,  Dei  gratia  Marchione  Brandenburgico  s.  r.  i. 
Archicamerario  et  Electore,  supremo  Duce  in  Prussia,  etc.  etc. — 

PATRIAE   SOLIVM   GLORliE  \ 

faVsto  VbIqVe  gLorIosoqVe  passV  v  =     1690 

aDeVnte.'  J 

Here  again  the  first  letters  of  the  lines  of  the  four  pages  of 
hexameter  verse  are  so  printed  as  to  form  the  words  of  the  title,  with 
some  slight  variation  or  addition,  and  a  chronogram  at  the  end — 
iEQVALIs  patrI  VIVat  frIDerICVs  Vt  jeVVU  !  =1690 

The  next  address  is  to  James  Lewis,  Prince  of  Poland,  and  his 
wife.  It  bears  this  title,  '  Hilaria  Augusta  Poloniae  et  Europae, 
ob  serenissimi  Domini  domini  Jacobi  Ludovici  regii  principis 
Poloniae  et  M.  D.  Lithuaniae :  ac  serenissimae  v.  sp.  Hedvigis  Elisa- 
bethse  principis  Neoburgicse  nuptias,  connubiali  et  affinitatum  nexu 
augustissimas  regiis,  et  reipublicae  votis  auspicatissimas  triumph- 
antium. 

trIVMphVs  hIC  VVarsaVIje,  )  . 

DIebVs,  eVge  !  LIberI.'  f  ~     It>91 

Here  in  this  address  there  is  a  new  feature  in  the  construction  of 
the  hexameter  lines,  which  fill  three  pages.  The  first  and  last  letters  of 
each  line  are  printed  upright,  and  when  read  from  one  to  the  other 
they  form  a  complimentary  sentence  separate  from  the  lines  to  which 
they  belong,  in  praise  of  the  married  couple  and  their  parents,  repeat- 
ing the  words  of  the  title  with  some  additions;  the  last  couplet 
includes  the  chronogram,  which  must  be  read  as  an  ordinary  Roman 
numeral  date,  mdcxci. — 
Si  clypeo1  renuant,  renuant  servire  Leoni, 
Morte  Dahas2  CertA,  Xanjho3  Cernente,  perIsse.  =     1691 


POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICVS.  405 

There  are  a  great  many  footnotes  to  explain  the  allusions  through- 
out; the  following  apply  to  the  last  couplet — 1.  Neo-sponsorum. 
2.  Scythas  et  Turcas.     3.  Fluvio  e  regione  Thraciae  Turcarum. 

The  next  address  concerns  the  rulers  of  Poland,  viz.,  James  the 
son  of  King  John  111.  '  J  acobi  principis  triumphale  tirocinium 
sub  paternis  regalibus  auspiciis  serenissimi  Joannis  in.  Poloniarum 
regis,'  etc.  etc.  The  verses  are  in  a  different  metre  from  all  the  pre- 
ceding addresses  (in  four  lines,  as  in  Ode  ix.  of  Horace).  The  only 
chronogram  is  at  the  conclusion — 

Io  ) 

VIVat  IaCobVs  prInCeps  I  _      6« 

MagnI  IoannIs  tertII  regIs  poLonL*  C         l     ' 

fILIVs  ;  CeLsa  gestIentIs  LeChLe  gLorIa  !  ) 

The  next  address,  in  the  same  metre  as  the  preceding  one,  is  to 
Cardinal  Opitius  Pallavicini,  the  legate  from  Pope  Innocent  xi.  to 
John  in.,  King  of  Poland.  '  Virtus  eminentior  in  purpura. 
Eminentissimo  et  reverendissimo  Domino  domino  s.  r.  e.  Cardinali 
Opitio  Palavicino,'  etc.  etc.  The  three  pages  of  verse  terminate  with 
this  chronogram — 

opItIVs  paLLaVICInVs  CarDInaLIs  ) 

seDIs  apostoLICe  In  poLonIIs  LegatVs  >==     1687 

fLoreat  !  VIgeat  !  j 

The  next  address  is  to  Cardinal  Michael  Radzieiowski,  a  bishop 
and  Officer  of  State  in  Poland,  in  the  Sapphic  metre  of  Horace. 
*  Jason  Augustior  honor  eminentissimus  in  eminentissimo 
.  .  .  Cardinali  Radzieiowski,  episcopo  Varmiensi  et  Sambiensi1  .  .  . 
eta  (many  other  grand  titles).  The  front  page  concludes  with  this, 
the  only  chronogram — 

MIChaeL  raDzIeIowskI  \ 

pVrpVratVs  antIstes  V=     1687 

VIta  VIVat  !  ) 

The  next  address  is  to  the  Cardinal  Legate  from  John  in.  of 
Poland  to  the  Pope  Innocent  xi.  The  title  begins,  '  Eminentia 
summis  proxima  eminentissimi  .  .  .  Cardinalis  Joannis  Casimiri 
Donhoff,  serenissimi  et  potentissimi  Poloniarum  regis  Joannis  in.,  ad 
ss.  d.  Innocentium  xi.  legati,'  etc.  etc.,  and  concludes  thus — 

VIVat  ) 

Ioannes  CasIMIrVs  Donhoff  >  =     1687 

pVrpVra  InsIgnIs  piuesVL!  j 

The  next  verses  are  in  praise  of  the  city  of  Dantzig  and  all  belong- 
ing to  it.  The  title  begins,  'Pandora  felicior  urbium  Sarmatiae 
Dantiscum,  Balthici  maris  princeps  emporium,  regalis  Prussise 
metropolis  primaria.,    At  the  end  is  this  chronogram — 

VIVat  DantIsCVM  ( 

InsIgne  poLonIje  prVssIjEqVe  IVbar!  J 

1  Ermeland,  and  Sameland,.  in  Prussia. 


1687 


406 


POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS. 


The  next  address  or  set  of  verses  is  intended  to  finish  off  with  a 
flourish  the  foregoing  panegyrics,  by  an   anagraramatic  applause  in 
verse,  occupying  two  pages.     The  title  is  as  follows — 
Pro  Coronide  Applausum  Anagrammaticum,  prout  sequitur,  subnectimus. 

Regium  nomen 

Johannes 

Serenissimi  ac  potentissimi  regis  Poloniarum 

Combinationes  Literates  Bis  mille  Quingentas  Viginti  includens, 

et  Viginti  Anagrammata  significativa  in  Uno  connexa 

Poemata  efformans, 

Fausta  regi  vota, 

Felicia  Poloniae  auguria, 

Fatalia  hosti  omina, 

Manifestans, 

Ipsa'  Coronationis  s.  r.  m.  Die  oblatum 

ab  Humillimo  Subdito,  servo,  Cliente  et  Exoratore 

M.  A.  h.  a.  c. 

The  author  says  in  this  title  that  the  verses  which  follow  contain 
2520  changes  (or  anagrams)  on  the  name  'Johannes/  by  means  of 
transposition  of  the  letters,  but  not  forming  words  with  any  sense ; 
also  that  the  verses  contain  twenty  'significant*  anagrams  on  that 
name.  This  may  be  seen  in  the  Latin  words,  or  short  phrases  mingled 
with  the  other  words  composing  the  verses,  and  printed  in  con- 
spicuous capital  letters.  These  words  have  a  '  significant  meaning ' 
easily  recognised  in  reading  the  verses.  At  the  conclusion  is  this 
chronogram,  giving  the  date  of  the  coronation  of  John  in. — 

Io  trIVMphet  poLonIa  fortVnatIor  1  __ 

DE  lOANNE  TERTlO  AVGVSTk  Coronato  !  J  "" 

At  the  bottom  of  the  page  is  this  note :  '  Cum  sequens  poema 
serius  in  lucem  prodieris,  ideb  post  omnia  inseritur.'  The  next  page 
contains  what  here  follows  ;  it  is  a  full  page  of  bold  print  all  in  varied 
capital  letters,  and  (in  the  original)  divided  into  short  lines.  It  is 
addressed  to  Louis  xiv.  of  France — 

4  Ludovico  Magno  Galliarum  regi  regum,  principum,  heroum 
augustissimo,  Ecclesiae  primogenito,  Pietate  christianissimo,  Justitia 
potentissimo,  Sapientia  invictissimo,  Clementia  serenissimo,  Con- 
siliorum  inventis  et  eventis  altissimo,  Recte-actorum  mole  latissimo, 
Nominis  immortalitate  longissimo,  Omnibus  omnium  maximo  Io 
Victori. 

VIVe  tVIs,  o  reX  !  )  _ 

DVM  gaLLIa  IVbILat,  annIs.'  J  ~ 

The  four  succeeding  pages  are  filled  with  hexameter  lines,  of 
which  the  initial  letters  and  the  terminal  letters  (both  in  conspicuous 
capitals),  when  read  downwards  in  succession,  compose  the  words  of 
the  above  title,  down  to  the  word  '  victori.'  At  the  end  is  the  in- 
vocation by  the  author  to  Louis  as  successor  of  King  Pepin — 


1676 


1691 


POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS.  407 

De  Voto  Orbis  Christianissimi 
pIpInIo  MagnVs  VIVat  LVDoVICVs  Vt  orbI  !  =1691 

Adprecatur  omnium  minimus  et  infiraus 
r.  d.  m.  a.  h.  etc.  etc.  (the  author's  initials.) 

The  panegyric  or  gratulation  verses  to  other  personages  are  con- 
tinued by  the  same  author.  I  take  only  those  which  contain  chrono- 
grams. The  one  which  here  follows  is  to  be  found  in  the  British 
Museum  catalogue  under  the  entry  of  the  author's  name,  etc.,  as 
represented  by  the  initials  thereof,  at  the  conclusion  of  the  title  which 
I  now  proceed  to  quote — 

'SPEI  AUGUSTS  SOLATIA  regni  Poloniae  Majestatum 
serenissimi  Domini  domini  Joannis  in.  regis,  serenissima^  Dominae 
dominae  Marise  Casimirse  reginae,  publico "  orbis  christiani  voto 
decantata 

VIVe  DIV  et  VInCe,  aVgVstA  reX  proLe 

MarIa!  =     1694 

C.  R.  D.  Af.  A.  If.  A.  O.  S.  O.  C  &  T.  D.  P.  A.  O.  G.  ^  P.  G.  &  P. 

m.  s.  p.  p.  s.  c: 

The  verses  which  follow  this  singular  display  of  letters  do  not 
contain  any  chronograms. 

The  next  gratulation  verses  have  the  title  of  '  Regalis  hymen/ 
etc.,  and  are  addressed  to  the  Count  Palatine,  Maximilian  Emanuel, 
and  the  Princess  Teresa  Cunegunde  of  Poland  on  their  marriage — 

ANNO 

ChrIstI,  aLto  eX  VteroqVe  DeI,  eX  VteroqVe 

MarI^e.  =     1694 

The  author's  initials  are  the  same  as  the  foregoing,  and  so  entered 
in  the  British  Museum  catalogue. 

The  next  verses  are  from  the  pen  of  the  same  author  as  that  of  the 
two  preceding  sets,  as  indicated  by  the  same  initial  letters.  The  title 
commences,  'Io  triumphe  Majestatibus  regni  Poloniarum,'  etc. — 
addressed  to  John  in.  the  King,  to  Maria  Casimir  the  Queen,  and 
mother  of  Theresa  Cunegunde  the  Electress  Palatine,  and  to  the 
princes  Alexander  and  Constantine.     It  concludes  with  this  chrono- 

^^  Io  triumphe 

reX  qVI  haVD  absq.  MarIa  aVrI  fert  seCVLa; 

VIVat!  =     1694 

The  three  pages  of  hexameter  verses  have  their  initial  and  terminal 
letters  printed  in  conspicuous  capitals,  which,  when  read  downwards 
in  succession,  compose  the  special  praises  of  this  royal  family,  but 
without  any  further  chronogram. 

The  next  six  pages  of  verse  declare  the  praises  of  Frederic  in., 
Margrave  of  Brandenburg,  and  his  share  in  the  wars.  The  title, 
after  the  fashion  of  the  period,  does  not  attribute  to  him  a  position  of 
humility—-' Dextera  Domini   ad  sceptrum  ter  invictum,  dementia 


408  POLAND— APOLLO  HEROIC  US. 

Fortitudine  Sapientia  serenissimi  potentissimi  Domini  domini 
Friderici  m.  Dei  gratia  Marchionis  Brandenburgici,  s>  r.  i.  Archi- 
camerarii,  Principis  Electoris  supremi  ducis  in  Prussia,  Ducis  Magde- 
burgi,  Juliae,  Cliviae,  Montium,  Stetini,  Pomeranorum,  Cassubiorum, 
Vandalorum,  Crosnae,  Suibusii ;  Burgrauii  Norimbergensis ;  Principis 
Halberstadiensis,  Mindensis,  Caminensis ;  Comitis  in  Hohenzollern, 
Marcae,  Ravensbergi;  Domini  in  Rabenstein,  Lauenburg,  Butoro, 
etc  etc.  Universitatis  Hallo-Fridericianae  fundatoris  sapientissimi.' 
The  dedication  to  him  then  follows,  and  six  pages  of  hexameter  verse, 
concluding  thus — 

Vivat  I  Et  /Eternam  probet  ut  se  dextera  scEPTRb ; 
ter  feLIX  VIVat  frIDerICVs  tertIVs  ^eVVM  !  =     1695 

The  next  four  pages  are  devoted  to  the  unsparing  praise  of  the 
Archbishop  of  Cologne,  who  was  also  a  territorial  prince,  and  went  to 
battle  with  his  own  troops.  The  author's  name  and  titles,  as  repre- 
sented by  initials  only  in  some  of  the  preceding  applauses,  are  here 
set  forth  more  at  large:  'Sol  in  Geminis,  serenitas  Bavarica  in 
candore  et  constantia  serenissimi  et  potentissimi  Domini  domini 
Josephi  Clementis1  archiepiscopi  Coloniensis,  Leodiensis  episcopi, 
utriusque  Bavariae  ducis,  etc.  s.r.i.  principis  et  electoris,  Archi- 
cancellarii  per  Italiam,  etc.  Imperiali  Christi  et  Leopoldi  coronae 
perpetuum  Ver  portendens. 

DVX  CLeMens  VIVat  sVppar  VIrtVte  trIregnIs.         =     1694 
Publicis  Votis  et  Gaudiis  applaudente 
R.D.  Michaele  A.  Hacki  Abbate  Olivae  S.  O.  C  S.  T.  D.  P.  A. 
Official.  Gedan.  et  Pomer.  General.  S.  R.  M.  P.  I.  C.  S.  P.  S.  C 

There  is  no  further  chronogram  in  the  verses  which  follow. 

The  next  verses  relate  to  the  Emperor  Leopold.  There  is  but  one 
chronogram  at  the  end  of  the  title,  which  is  as  follows : — '  Luna  . 
sub  pedibus  sacrae  Caesarese  regiae  majestati  Leopoldo  primo  magno 
maximo  imperatori  Romanorum  semper  Augusto  regi  Germaniae, 
Hungariae,  Bohemiae,  Archiduci  Austriae,  Duci  Burgundiae,  etc.,  pro 
pace  Turca  supplex 

LVna  perI  thraX.  paX  LeopoLDI,  Io  VI Ve,  trIVMpha.      =     1695 

Ita  animitlis  vovet 
Servorum  minimus  F.  M.  A.  H.  A.  O.  S.  O.  C 

The  next  verses  are  addressed  to  the  Grand-duke  Cosmo  in.  of 
Tuscany,  c  Deus  Magnus  Dominus  cum  serenissimo  et  potentis- 
simo  principe  ac  Domino  Cosmo  in.  Dei  gratia  Duce  Hetruri^e,,  etc 
At  the  conclusion  is  this  hexameter  chronogram — 

DVX  ItaLI  MVrVs  regnI  tIbI  tVsCIa  VIVat  !         =     1697 

The  next  verses  are  addressed  to  Zaluski,  Bishop  of  Plock,  in 
Poland,  'Agnus  in  medio  cardinalium  virtutum  sigillum  excellentis- 
simi    illustrissimi    reverendissimi    Domini    Andrae  Chrysostomi    in 


1  Refer  to  index,  'Joseph  Clement,'  for  other  praises  of  this  archbishop. 


POLAND— APOLLO  HEROICUS.  409 

Zaluskie,  Zaluski  Dei  et  Apostolicae  sedis  gratia  Episcopi  Plocensis/ 
etc.     The  verses  conclude  with  this  hexameter  chronogram — 

VI Ve  DIV  feLIX  CVM  terqVe  qVaterq.  beatIs.         =1694  | 

The  next  verses  bear  this  title,  'Candor  illaesus  illustrjssimi  et  j 

excellentissimi   Domini    domini  -Christophori    Leopoldi   Comitis    a  *  ■  ~\ 

Schafgotsche,     etc.    etc.       Ab    obligatissimo    Calamo    et    Animo  .M 

C.  R.  D.  M.  A.  H.'  etc.  (the  same  author's  initials).  3] 

IMperIo  fIDVs,  faVstVs  qVoqVe  seCVLa  VIVat  !        =  1694                                             ' .'% 

There  is  no  chronogram  at  the  conclusion.  ,-| 

The  next  set  of  verses  brings  us  to  the  end  of  this  remarkable  %     \"y 

volume.     They  concern  principally  Frederic   in.  of  Brandenburg.  5 

The  title,  as  follows,  contains  the  only  chronogram :  Sapientia  cum  : 

Principe  cuncta  componens   Heroico  in  pectore  illustrissimi  ...  *\ 

Domini  Eberhardi  De  Danckelman  .  .  .  Serenissimo  principi  domino 

Frederico  in.  electori  Marchioni  Brandenburgico,  etc.  etc.  .-J 

qVI  frIDerICe  tVI  aVt  ManVs  est  aVt  VnVs  Vt  '   .[ 

atLas  =     1694 

Vivat !  e  voto  obligatissimo 
C.  R.  D.  M.  A.  H.  etc.  (the  author's  initials  as  before). 
The  verses  which  follow  bring  the  volume  to  the  end  of  the  last 
page,  with  room  only  for  this  line,  to  mark  the  printing  at  the  abbey — 

OLIVAL,  Typis  Abbatialibus. 


3  f 


A  CALENDAR  OF  1726. 


,N  exceedingly  curious,  thin  folio,  volume  belonging  to 
the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  is  a  calendar  of  the  year  1726, 
printed  at  Salzburg.  I  believe  it  is  very  rare,  at  least 
it  is  the  only  copy  my  friend  has  met  with  during  many 
years  of  search  in  quarters  where  literary  curiosities 
are  likely  to  be  met  with,  either  at  home  or  abroad.  The  title-page 
is  of  itself  a  fine  example  of  printing  in  two  colours.  It  is  entirely 
in  chronogram,  the  numeral  letters  being  in  red,  the  rest  in  black. 
I  have  thought  it  worthy  of  being  represented  by  a  facsimile  taken 
from  the  original,  which  I  give  on  the  opposite  page  ;  it  is,  however, 
reduced  by  about  one-third  from  the  actual  dimensions,  and  is  printed 
all  in  black.  It  may  be  read  in  sentences,  as  follows,  showing  the 
date  1726  eight  times  repeated  : — 


Magna,  et  VsqVe  VeneranDa  presbIJterII  s^eCVLarIs 
gLorIa.  = 

seV  CaLenDarIVM  noVI  IstIVs  LabentIs  annI  = 

a  natIVItate  DoMInI,  aC  gratIosI  serVatorIs  nostrI  IesV 
ChrIstI,  = 

M.  DCC  XXVI.  = 

In  qVo,  prater  DIVos,  atqVe  beatos  roM*  ChrIstI 
VICarIos, 

Meros  prope  presbIJteros  SjeCVLares,  qVI  Inter  DIVos 
reLatI,  proposVerat,  = 

VersVqVe  ChronographICo  aDVMbraVerat,  = 

MIChaeL  WInepaher,  presbIJter,  et  pastor  paLVDanVs  In 
passyrIa. 

i.e.  The  great  and  ever  to  be  venerated  glory  of  the  secular  priesthood. 
Or,  in  other  words,  A  Calendar  of  this  new  and  passing  year,  from  the 
nativity  of  our  Lord  and  gracious  Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  1726.     In 


1726 
1726 

1726 
1726 


=  1726 


1726 
1726 


=  1726 


A  CALENDAR. 


411 


Ma 


GNA, 

ET 

VsqVe  VeneranDa 

preseJJterII  s^CVLarIs 

gLorIa, 

* 

sbV 

CaLenDarIVM  no VI  fcrfVs 

LabentIs  annI 

» 

a  nAtIVItate  DoMInI, 

aC  gratIosI  serVatorIs  nostrI 

IesV   ChrIstI, 
M.  DCC  XXVL 

• 

In  qVo, 

traetcr  DIVos,  atqVe  beatos  RoMse 

ChrIstI  VICarIos, 

« 
JMeros  prope  presbljtcros  saeCV Lares,  qVI 

later  DIVos  reLatl,  proposVcrat, 
# 

VersVqVe  CbronogrMfblCS  iDWUrsVcf* 

* 

[IChaeL  WInepaher,  presbljtcr,  &i 
paLVDanVs  In  rafsyrla. 


S4US«tt(?/,Typif  joionit  jofephi  Mayr.AiilteD'Ac«dcmfciTypogr.p4aH«nBdoM. 


4i2  A  CALENDAR. 

which  Michal  Winepaher,  priest  and  l  pastor  Paludanus 9  in  Passyria, 
has  set  forth  besides  the  saints  and  blessed  vicars  of  Christ  at  Rome,  also 
the  simply  secular  priests  who  have  been  numbered  among  the  saints,  and 
has  sketched  them  out  in  chronographic  verse.  Printed  at  Salzburg  by 
the  Court  printer,  J.  J*  Mayr. 

The  stars  *  inserted  at  intervals  in  the  original  title-page,  as  will  be 
seen  in  the  facsimile,  are  used  to  separate  the  chronograms. 

Then  follows  a  dedication,  in  boldly  printed  capital  letters,  to  the 
most  reverend  'Prsesul'  (superior  or  abbot)  Augustinus,  of  the 
Imperial- Archiducal  and  privileged  monastery  of  the  B.  V.  M.,  'ad 
S.  Joannem  in  Stambs '  ...  of  the  Cistercian  order  the  most  vigilant 
abbot  (and  many  other  titles).  An  address  to  him  next  follows,  com- 
mencing thus,  '  Gratiosa  acceptatio  Calendarii,  in  quo  ante  biennium, 
prater  Festa  totius  ecclesise  solenniora,  meros  Sanctos  Ordinis 
Cisterciensis,  in  singulos  anni  dies  versu  chronographico  proposui, 
animos  mihi  addidit,  ut  et  praesens  opusculum,  in  quo  Magna,  et 
VsqVe  VeneranDa  presbIJterII  SjeCVLarIs  gLorIa  patet,  =  1726 
tibi  reverendissime,  ac  amplissime  Domine  Praesul !  consecrare 
statuerim.'  The  dedication  then  proceeds  to  mention  some  illustrious 
members  of  the  Cistercian  order,  such  as  (four  popes  by  name),  and 
the  venerable  John  of  Campidona  (Kempten,  in  Bavaria  ?),  who  falling 
from  a  tower  when  a  boy,  died.  Thereupon  his  parents  vowed  that 
if  he  should  be  restored  to  life  they  would  devote  him  to  their  patron 
saint,  St.  John  the  Baptist  of  Stambs.  His  life  returned,  and  in  due 
time,  on  the  completion  of  his  studies,  he  was  ordained,  and  became 
the  parish  priest  at  Nesselwang.  At  length  his  parents,  led  by  the 
spirit,  fulfilled  their  vow,  and  he  became  a  '  Religious '  at  Stambs,  and 
eventually  died  there,  or,  in  the  words  of  the  narrative, '  ubi  tandem 
in  fami  sanctitatis  migravit  ad  Superos:'  cui  praesens  Distichum 
apponere  libuit : 

VIVere  te  feCIt  DIVVs  CognoMInIs  Ipse:  =     1726 

Ipsa  IbI  VIta  tVa  hInC,  MorsqVe  saCranDa  fVIt.  =     1726 

Der  grosse  Tauffer  gab  dir  nach  dem  Fall  das  Leben* 
Zu  dessen  Ehr  hast  du  in  Stambs  dein  Geist  aufgeben. 
i.e.  The  divine  namesake  of  thine  caused  thee  to  live  ;  hence  thy  life  itself 
therey  and  thy  death  also,  was  to  become  sacred. 

The  great  Baptist  gave  life  to  thee  after  thy  fall,  to  whose  honour  at 
Stambs  thou  hast  given  up  thy  spirit 

The  address  to  the  Abbot  Augustinus  then  continues,  and  con- 
cludes with  these  words — 

1  Ita  vovet 

Reverendissimce,  Perillustris  ac  Amplissima 
Dominationis  Tuce>  etc.  etc. 

Humtilimus  ac  Deditissimus 
in  Christo  Servus 

Hujus  Calendarii  Author. 


A  CALENDAR.  413 

Then  follows  the  '  address  to  the  reader,'  explaining  further  the 
purpose  of  the  work,  and  which  I  transcribe  in  full.  The  Calendar 
next  follows,  occupying  37  pages  and  728  chronograms.  I  have 
transcribed  the  month  of  January  in  full,  as  a  fair  representation  of 
the  remaining  eleven  months.  As  is  usual  in  many  almanacs,  both 
old  and  modern,  there  is  an  appendix  to  this  '  Calendarium,'  treating 
of  various  kindred  matters;  and  all  that  matter  is  composed  in 
Latin  verse  chronogrammaticaliy  constructed,  and  treated  in  a  very 
amusing  style.  The  title-page  to  the  appendix  is  also  in  chronogram. 
The  whole  work  consists  of  54  folio  pages,  containing  889  chrono- 
grams, of  which  I  have  extracted  the  goodly  number  of  227. 

Brevissima  ad  Lectorem  Prefatio. 

Novum  tibi,  Benevole  Lector  I  Calendarium  profero,  Sanctorum 

Presbyterorum  Saecularium,  seu  Petrinorum,  nominibus,  ut  plurimum, 

repletum ;  quos  inter  et  Sanctos  Romanos  Pontifices  numerare  placuit : 

quorum  licet  multi  ex  variis  Religiosorum  Ccetibus  fuerint  electi,  hoc 

ipso  tamen  Petrini  facti  sunt,  utpote  divi  Petri  legitimi  successores. 

Plures  Sanctorum  Presbyterorum  determinatis  suis  diebus  posuissem, 

si  mihi  non  defuissent  desiderati  authores;  prsesertim  Martyrologii 

Gallici,  et  Belgii  Sanctorum.     Episcopos,  inter  Divos  relatos,  anno 

subsequenti,  si  Superi  me  servent,  expecta !    Et  interea  nonnullis 

versiculis  subinde  hoc 

in  Opusculo  claudicantibus 

compatere. 


>   m*^  < 


Annus  hie  ordinarius  365  dierum  numero  descriptus 

a 
CHRISTO  NATO  M.  DCC  XXVI. 

Ab  orbe  condito,  ex  Sent  Petav.       ....       5709 
Ab  imperio  Julii  Caesaris 
A  vocatione  S.  Petri  ad  Apostolatum 
A  glorioso  ipsius  Martyrio 
Ab  institutione  sacerdotii  in  ultima  Ccena  Christi 
Ab  electione  benedicti  xiii.  in  Pontificem  Romanum 
Ab  electione  caroli  vi.  in  Romanorum  Imperatorem 
Aureus  numerus  xvn.    Cyclus  Solaris  xxvn.    Epacta  xxvi.    Indictio 
Romana  iv.  Littera  Dominicalis  F.  Dominicse  post  Pentecosten  xxiv. 


1771 
1696 

1657 
1693 

2 
*5 


XII.  IngentIa  sIgna  zoDIaCI,  sVpra  1 

spLenDens  soLIs  Iter  obsIDentIa.  J  ~    I7*6 

sIgnorVM  pro  DIVIs  eXaLtatIs  parata  appLICatIo.     =     1726 
(Continued  on  next  page.) 


414 


A  CALENDAR. 


on  arIete  saCrIfICans  tIbI  notVs  DIWs  abrahaMVs.  =  1726 

8   Vt  taVrVM  LVCas  prjEfVLgens  Denotat  Ipse.  =  1726 

u  qVI  eX  VobIs  DICo  geMInos,  IaCobe!  Ioannes  !  =  1726 

as  XaVerIVM  (par  est)  aptabo  DenVo  CanCro.  =  1726 

£1  ferV6re  et  pLenVs  MarCVs  Leo  ferVIDVs  esto  =  1726 

rn  seXto1  haVD  absIMILIs  VIrgo  It  sIne  Labe  Creata  =  1726 

£=  qVIs  seqVItVr?  MIChaeL,  Vt  granDIs  In  jethere,  LIbra.=  1726 

ftp.  heI  nepa!  VaDe  VIas,  si  neMpe  VIgILLIVs  arCet.  =  1726 

$   non  nIhIL  et  IaCVLVM  qVI,  DIVe  sebaste!  notabIs.  =  1726 

V?  hoC  anIMaL  pereat,  Vates  De  qVo  ore  LoqWtVs.2  =  1726 

zz  fLoryan  afferto,  Vt  pr^eCLarVs  aqVarIVs,  VnDaM  !  =  1726 

X  pIsCIbVs  EXIMIfe  est  DoCtor  antonIVs  Ipse.8  =  1726 

JANUARIUS  habet  dies  xxxi. 


S.  Concordiui 
Martyr 
in  Italia. 


•  b 

alias 


4d 


Circnmdslo 
Domini. 


S.  Nllammon. 

Confessor 

DumEpls- 
copatum 
trahltur, 

In  oratlone 
splritum 

DBO  reddit 


S.  Anthems 
M. 

Roman. 

Pondfex, 
uno  tantum 


Pontiles  turn. 


S.  Priscos 

M. 
Pro  fide 
capite 
plexus. 


Teletphor. 

Rom.  Pont 
decrevit,  ut 
In  mlssa 
Gloria  In 
exceWs 
dlceretur. 


annI  prInCIpIVM  CVI  Debeo  fort^  fVtVrI? 

prInCIpIo  nVMqVID  qVI  qVoq.  fIne  Caret? 
Dass  neue  Jahr  von  mir  heut  dem  gewidmet  wird, 
Der  keinen  Anfang  hat,  und  ohne  End  regiert 

per  te  ConCorDI!  faVstVs  reDDatVr  Vt  annVs, 

aD  CceLVM  sVbIt6  Vota,  qVot  astra,  VoLant. 

Dass  ein  beglucktes  Jahr  wir  durch  dein  Vorbkt  kriegen, 

Concordi  I  tausend  Wunsch  zu  dir  gen  Himmel  fliegen. 

InfVLa  Vt  InVIto  CapItI  sVMenDa:  sILere! 

Ista  nIMIs  onerat  (DIXIt)  et  oCCVbVIt. 
Seht !  disem  wolte  man  mit  GValt  ein  Inful  geben, 
Er  sagte :  nein !  beschloss  in  dem  Gebett  sein  Leben. 

spLenDentes  CLaVes  VIX  Vno  Mense  tenebat; 
teCta  aperIt  sVperVM  DIWs  hIC  Ipse  sIbI. 
Ein  Monat  d'Schliissel  der  allein  getragen  hat : 
Dan  sperrite  er  sich  auf  das  Thor  zur  Friden-Statt 

eCCe!  qVoD  effVso  testatVr  sangVIne  proMptVs, 

eXIMIa  est  prIsCI,  VeraqVe  prIsCa  fIDes. 
Durch  sein  vergossnes  Blut  bekennet  Priscus  frey, 
Dass  gViss  sein  alter  Glaub  der  Wahre  Glaub  auch  sey. 

CongrVa  pro  CantV  sVper  /ethera  MVnera!  DIVe! 

gLorIa  In  eXCeLsIs  DVM  tIbI  parta  fVIt. 
Was  d'Engel  z'Bethlehem  gesungen  bey  der  Nacht, 
Hat  dir  auch  in  der  Hoch  die  groste  Ehr  gebracht 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


Dominica  vacat  Evang.  C&tn  natus  esset  Jesus  in  Bethlehem.    Matth.  2. 


1  Ncmpe  signo. 


Daniel  viii.  21.  *  Paduanus,  qui  piscibus  concionabatur. 


r 


9b 


Epiphanja 
bomiiil 


S.  Lnciaaus 
M. 
Duin 
aacrificat 
pectore 
pro  an 
deficients 


S.  Carterhis 
M. 
ecuhu 
transfoasa 
latere  aqua 
eti 


c    S.  Martianns 


TempU 
tDoendiiini 

extinxlt 


S.  Hygmns 
Rota.  PontUl 
Valentraum 
basreticum 

superat 
et  coafundiL 


S.  Tigrhtt 
M. 


A  CALENDAR.  415 

Magnos  eCCe  aDstant  reges!  reX  qVantVs,  Vt  In  fans,     =     1726 
eXsVperat  CVnCtos:  naM  DeVs  Iste  potens.  =     1726 

Ein  Zahl  der  Konigen  sich  heut  im  Stall  einfind ; 
Der  grost  auss  alien  ist  doch  nur  das  kleine  Kind. 

hostIa  CVM  DeVs  est;  et  peCtVs,  Vt  ara,  paratVr;         =     1726 
haVD  CceLo  MVnVs  LiETlVs  esse  pVto.  =     1726 

Das  Opfer  Christus  ist :  die  Brust  ist  der  Altar, 
Ich  glaube,  dass  kein  Mess  dem  Himmel  lieber  war. 

CarterI  LaVDate!  tWM  LatVs  haVserat  hasta.  =     1726 

VnDe  patent  VENiE:  LyMpha,  CrVorqVe  fLVIt.  =     1726 

Da  ihren  Lust  an  dir  Crateri !  (sic)  d'  Hencker  biissen, 
Auss  der  verwundten  Seith  auch  Blut  und  Wasser  tiiissen. 

Vt  DVrIs  CrVCIans  torMentIs  Ipse  tYrannVs  =     1726 

te  qVatIt,  eCCe  In  lis  te  VIDet  esse  VIrVM.  =     1726 

Es  sahe  mit  Verdruss  ja  selbst  de  Tyranney, 
Dass  Antonius  auch  ein  Mann  in  Peynen  sey. 

eXpers  Iste  DoLI  LaCrYMA  restrInXerat  Ignes.  =     1726 

fLetV  erebI  seD  feX  tV  sCeLerata  rogVM.  =     1726 

Der  fromme  Martian  die  Flamm  mit  Thranen  loscht, 
Die  H6U  zu  loschen,  seynd  dess  Sunders  zaher's  best. 

ileretICVM  sVperas,  VerI:  et  ConfVnDIs,  hIJgInI  !  =1726 

MaCte!  VaLentInVs  non  VaLet  oVa  DVo.  =     1726 

Seht !  Valentinus  ligt.     Sein  Lehr  wird  umgekehrt, 
Der  arme  Ketzer  ist  ja  kein  Schuss  Pulver  werth  1 

tIgrIDe  qVID  peIVs?  CanDens,  aCerqVe  tIJrannVs,  =     1726 

heV  tIgrI!  CaVsat  qVI  tIbI,  DIVe!  neCeM.  =     1726 

Was  ist  noch  wilder,  als  ein  Tiger  ?  der  Tyrann, 
Der  dir,  o  Tigri  !  einst  den  Todt  hat  angethan. 


Dominica  I.  Post  Epiphaniam  vacat    Evan.  Vidit  Joannes  Jesum  venicntem.  Joann.  1. 


13  F 

Ecce 
Araus 
DEI. 

Hg 

8.  Fefoc 

C 

Araneantm 

tells 
protectoa. 

«5» 

S.  Isldorus 

C 

Ad  Coram 

a&imarum 

a  Deo 

Tocatoa. 

abs  MaCVLa  VenIens  agnVs  (sperate!)  LaVanDVs 
aVfferet,  Vt  saLVet,  granDIVs  oMne  sCeLVs. 
Zum  Tauff  das  Gottlich  Lamb  sich  bey  den  Jordan  stellt : 
Und  nimmt  allein  auf  sich  die  Siind  der  gantzen  Welt 

DIVe  tIbI  soLI  sVbIt6  fabrICatVr  asyLVM. 

faCtVs  nVnC  faber  est,  qVI  M0D6  teXtor  erat. 
Man  baut  in  alten  G'maur  ein  Zuflucht  in  der  G'fahr, 
Ein  Maurer  ist  die  Spinn,  die  sonst  ein  Weber  war. 

Ml  IsIDore  tVos  InsIgnI  tV  eXCoLe  zeLo! 

DeVota  Vt  frVCtVM  peCtora  VbIq.  ferant. 
Geh'  Isidor,  und  bau  das  heirge  Kirchen-Feld ! 
Gott  hat,  der  Seelen  Friicht  zu  sammlen,  dich  bestellt 


=  1726 
=  1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


416 


A  CALENDAR. 


16  b 

S.  Afatho 

Rom.  Pont 

Leprosum 
saaat. 

17  c 

InVOUtlO 

S.  Diodori 
M. 

x8d 

Cathedra 
S.Petri 
Rome. 

19  c 

S.  Marcellus 

I.M. 
Rom.  Pontic 

adCuram 
equorumdam- 
natus,  etlam 
oresChrlsti 
libl  credits* 
pasdt. 

tV  osCVLa  pIgebas  Leproso,  MVnDVs  Vt  esset.  =     1726 

eXeMpL6  reCreas:  LepraqVe  DVra  fVgIt.  =     1726 

Von  Siechthum  der  Geplagt,  empfangt  von  dir  ein  Kuss, 
Ira  Augenblick  alsdann  die  Kranckheit  weichen  muss. 

DVM  fors  (res  rara  est)  thesaVrVs  qV«rItVr,  eCCeI      =     1726 
erVtVs,  eXCeLLens  sat,  DIoDorVs  aDest.  =     1726 

Man  sucht  mit  sondern  Fleiss  auf  ein  gewissen  Platz, 
Und  findt  den  Diodor,  ein  ausserlessnen  Schatz. 

stabIs  roMa  DIV:  neC  stYX  te  VInCere  possIt,  =     1726 

arCe  VbI  In  eXIMIa  seDerIt  ILLe  petrVs.  =*     1726 

Das  heil'ge  Kirchen-Haubt  in  dir,  O  Rom  I  nun  sitzt, 
D'rumb  stehest  du.  Die  H611  vergebens  auf  dich  blitzt. 

qVanDo  feros  MarCeLLVs  eqVos  frasnare  IVbetVr,  =s     1726 

neC  MInVs  et  sVaVes  pasCere  gaVDet  oVes.  =     1726 

Marcellus  wird,  die  Pferdt  zu  striglen,  angehalten, 
Er  weiss  doch  Christi  Heerd  nebsthin  recht  zuwerwalten. 


Dominica  II.  post  Epiph.  Evang.    NupHa  sunt  in  Cana  Galilcta.     Joann.  2. 


•113 


S.  Gumsmdus 

M. 
Anagram* 

matt 
Dfgnussum 


ssa 

alg 


^b 


S.  Fabtanui 

M. 
Rom.  Pont, 
cuius  elec- 

Columba 


S 

M. 

Praeciaum 
tuum  caput 
ad  locum 
sepultures 
hortat. 


Desponsatio 


3.  Ananias 
M.. 

Apostolnm 

Paulnm 
baptisans. 


feLIX  ConnVbII  (si  MIsta  sIt  VnDa  faLerno),  =     1726 

est  statVs:  aC  CerberVM  gaVDIa  tVta  foVet.  =     1726 

Gut  I  wann  das  Wasser  sagt  zum  Wein :  Ich  bin  dein  Schatz, 
So  findet  die  Vernunflft  Freud ;  und  im  Hiren  Platz. 

DesVper  apparens  qV&  VIsa  CoLVMba  reVeLati*  =     1726 

approbet  eLeCtVM  qV6D  qVoqVe  et  Ipse  poLVs.  =     1726 

Wass  will  die  weisse  Taub,  so  bey  der  Wahl  erscheint  ? 
Dass  d'  Stimmen  in  der  Wahl  recht  aussgefallen  seynd. 

VoX  eLapsa  poLo  est:  es  DIgnVs,  sVMe!  CoronA,  =     1726 

qVaM  tIbI  CVnCtIpotens  reX  sIne  fIne  DabIt.  *=     1726 

Die  Stimm  von  Himmel  sagt :  Nimm  hin  die  Ehren-Cron  ! 
Sie  ist  fur  deinen  Todt  der  wohlverdiente  Lohn. 

aMbVLat  Iste,  nIhIL  o  errans,  sIne  VertICe  DIWs;       =     1726' 
proDIgIIsq.  nItens  IntVLIt  hVnC  tVMVLo.  =     1726 

Der  Heil'ge  ohne  Kopf  sein  Haupt  getragen  hat : 
Verfehlte  keinen  Schritt  biss  zu  der  Grabes-Statt. 

ConIVgIVM  feLIX  pLan^  est.  satIs  InDe  patebIt:  =     1726 

IVnXerat,  eCCe!  DeVs;  et  paranyMphVs  erat.  =     1726 

Wer  soli  dem  heil'gen  Paar  zur  Eh'nicht  gratuliren, 
Weil  selbst  der  grosse  Gott  zum  Gsponss  die  Braut  thut  fuhren  ? 

non  frVstra  eLeCtVM  Vas  pr/esens  DIVe!  LaVabas:         =     1726 
Vas  CERTk  InsIgne  (Vt  nVMInIs)  ILLVD  erIt.  =     1726 

Das  ausserwahlte  G'fass  hast,  Ananias  !  wol 
Gewaschen ;  Gottes  Nam  weil  es  ausstragen  soil. 


A  CALENDAR. 


4i7 


saVLe!  CaDIs.  VIX  porr6  refert.  nIhIL  Ipse  tIMeto!       =     1726 
CasVs  te  ereXIt.  CVrre,  MoVente  Deo!  =     1726 

Saul !  Lebe  ohne  Forcht !  dein  Fall  ist  dir  zum  Heyl, 
Wohin  der  Hiramel  dich  treibt,  ohn*  verziehen  eyl ! 

en!  RlTk  eXCeLsVM  LaVDabVnt  organa  porro:  =     1726 

eXeMpLo  hoC  psaLtes  DIVVs  Vt  ant£  probat.  =     1726 

Vitalianus  fiirht  den  Brauch  der  Orglen  ein, 
Wordurch  der  wahre  Gott  dann  must  gelobet  seyn. 

Dominica  III.  post  Epiph.  Evang.  Cum  descendisset  Jesus  de  tnonte.     Matth.  8. 


•7F 


«c 


y>b 


VirDBL 


&  AfluiUims 

GJadio 
percollmn 


tV  Vt  CVres,  saLVator  !  aDest  (MIserere  !)  LeprosVs.       = 
si  InqVIs:  MVnDare!  en!  ILIC6  saLVVs  erIt.  = 

Hilff  Heyland  disem  Seich  !  er  bitt  von  Hertzens-Grund, 
Sag  nur.  Ich  will,  sey  rein !  so  ist  er  schon  gesund. 

granDIs  honor!  CharVs  VIr  VerI  nVMInIs  hIC  est;        = 
CVI  qVoqVe  DebetVr  CeterA  MagnVs  honor.  = 

Wann  ein  Mann  Gottes  nun  Johann  genennet  wird ! 
So  scheinet,  dass  ihm  auch  fast  grosse  Ehr  gebiirt. 

GVTTVR   VbI   LiEDlT  TlBl   FORS   AQVILlNE   MaCHjERA,  = 

eXItVs,  heI  !  granDI  CongrVIt  hIC  ANlMiE.  = 

Man  stosst,  O  Aquilin  !  ein  Schwerdt  durch  deine  Keel, 
Damit  den  Aussgang  hab  gantz  gleich  dein  grosse  Seel. 


s-Hi^Kdytu. ,errorem  hIppoLytVs  pLen^,  atqVe  eX  CorDe  fatetVr. 
nVnC  qVoqVe  restaVrat,  teste  CrVore,  fIDeM. 
Hippolytus  bekennt  sein  Fehler ;  und  verbleibt 
Beym  wahren  Glaub,  den  er  mit  Blut  jetzt  unterschreibt. 


Fro  fide, 

aqua 

dcfccerata 

caput  dedlt. 


100  Ecdesias 
Divtaue' 
glorias. 


Iste  VnVs  CentVM  saCras  ereXerat  jeDes. 

sIC  IVre  aVgVstI  hIC  noMIne  DIgnVs  erat. 
Der  hundert  Kirchen  einst  auffurhte  in  Gebau, 
Sag,  dass  Augustus  er,  nicht  Julius  mehr  sey. 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


In  like  manner  the  calendar  proceeds  throughout  the  remaining 
eleven  months,  a  double  chronogram  for  each  day  except  Sundays 
(with  occasionally  a  second  distich),  filling  thirty-seven  pages,  and 
making  up  728  chronograms  in  the  calendar  alone.  At  the  end  of 
December  is  the  following — 

CONCL  US  10. 
DebILIs,  ah  I  nostra  VIt*  si  hIC  VLtIMVs  annVs,  = 

.(Dent  sVperI!)  sterna  hIC  sIt  qVoqVe  prInCIpIVM  !    = 
Wann  diss  letzte  Jahr  ist  meiner  Lebens-Zeit, 
Geb  Gott !  dass  es  auch  sey  das  erste  in  der  Freud. 
i.e.  Ah!  if  this  should  be  the  last  year  of  our  failing  life,  may  heaven 
grant  that  it  may  also  be  the  beginning  of  the  life  eternal. 

3G 


1726 
1726 


1 


4i 8  A  CALENDAR. 

Then  immediately  follow  these  verses,  and  a  German  translation 
which  for  want  of  space  I  must  omit — 

VOTUM  A  UTHORIS. 
tot  Vates  CeLebrent  presbIJteros  saCros,  ^ 

aXIs  qVot  nVMerat,  noX  qVoqVe  steLLVLas 
(si  tItan  propere  se  oCCVLIt)  eXhIbet. 

proponIt  ratIo  pIIs. 


•=     1726 


nVnC  fVLgent  potIVs  teMpora  LaVreIs  : 
Vepres  VVLnIfIC^  HjeC  antea  CInXerant. 
regnantes  sVperIs  Vsq.  et  In  atrIIs 

partA  LjBtItIA  affLVVnt. 

pVgnaVIt  DVCe  stIJX  fortIs  aLastore 
hos  Contra  pVgILes,  teLa  CVpIDInIs 
tentarVnt  qVotIes  peCtora  frangere? 

ast  nIL  sVnt  qVoqVe  sIngVLa. 


•=     1726 


•=     1726 


non  aVrI  rabIDa  hos  traXIt  esVrIes  : 

NEC  SPLENDOR  GENERIS,   PECTORA  SiEPlVs  *   __  , 

eXCeCans,  poterat  VInCere,  sIC  pIos  /  ""     I72° 

traXerVnt  sVperI  VIros. 


iEQVIs  si  seqVerIs  pr^VIa  passIbVs 

tV  eXeMpLa,  aD  sVperos  spIrItVs  eVehet  : 

Is  Certe  parIbVs  (postea  prosperos) 

nos  VotIs  sVb!t6  beat. 


=     1726 


Then  follows  an  appendix,  with  a  title-page  entirely  in  chrono- 
gram, printed  in  black,  of  which  I  give  on  the  opposite  page  an 
exact  copy  in  modern  type,  as  nearly  as  possible  imitating  the 
original  in  style  and  size.  It  may  be  read  in  sentences  as  follows, 
showing  the  date  four  times  repeated — 

appenDIX  Vere  InsIgnIs,  seV  praCtICa  MaIor,  =     1726 

eX  qVa  CVnCta  VIDes:  teMpestatesq.  sonorjE  =     1726 

CLarIVs,  eXort6  tanDeM  qVoq.  soLe  notantVr.  =     1726 

eX  fVnDaMento  hanC  PRiEFATVs  sCrIpserat  aVthor.  =     1726 

This  title-page  is  somewhat  crabbed,  because  it  consists  of  four 
hexameter  verses  which  had  to  be  moulded  into  chronograms;  the 
author,  moreover,  seems  to  have  intentionally  used  enigmatical  or 
obscure  allusions.     The  meaning  seems  to  be — 

An  appendix  truly  worthy  of  note,  or,  A  superior  practical  com- 
pendium, from  which  one  sees  all  the  events  of  the  year;  and  loud  sounding 
tempests  are  the  more  clearly  marked,  as  the  sun,  too,  at  length  has 
arisen  ;  written  on  a  sure  basis  by  the  aforesaid  author. 


APPENDIX 

Vere   InsIgnIs, 

seV 

praCtICa  MaIor, 

eX  qVa  CVnCta  VIDes: 

TeMpESTATESQ:    SONORjE 

* 

CLarIVs, 

EXortd  tanDeM  qVoq:  soLe, 

notantVr. 

eX  fVnDaMento  hanC  praefatVs  sCrlpferat  AVthor. 


420 


A  CALENDAR. 


Januarius, 
Jenner. 


Februarius, 
Horaung. 


Marti  us, 
Mertt. 


Aprilis, 
April. 


Majus, 
May. 


Junius, 
Brachmonat. 


Julius, 
Heumon. 


Augustus, 
Augustmon. 


September, 
Herbs  tmon. 


October, 
Weinmon. 


prognostICon, 

qVID  sIngVLIs  MensIbVs  anno  prjesente 

eVenIre  soLeat. 

ttoC  Mense  est  frIgVs,  qVI  IanVa  DICItVr  annI. 

tV  absqVe  Mora  peCtVs  peLLIbVs  VnDe  tegas  ! 
Im  Jenner  trittet  ein  die  Kalte  Sennit  fiir  Schritt, 
Setz  die  Beltz-Kappen  auf,  so  g'friert  dir  's  Hiren  nit 
proh  nIMIs  eXtenDIt  febrVarIVs  orgIa  baCChI  : 

VnDe  et  pLan£  eXtat  iERE  CrVMena  LeVIs. 
O  Wann  nur  grad  nicht  heur  so  lange  Fassnacht  war ! 
Jetzt  saufft  man  sich  stotz-voll,  und  macht  den  Beutel  lar. 
MartIVs,  heV  !  tentat,  VetVLas  aDferre  sepVLChro  : 

hoC  (horrens  fatVM  !)  ConDItVr  atqVe  seneX. 
Der  Mertz  eroffnet  heur  den  alten  Weibern  *s  Grab, 
Er  wirfft  auch  manchen  Mann,  der  lang  gelebt,  hinab. 
aprILLIs  stVLtos  Ita  traXIt  In  orDIne  MVLtos; 

Vt,  qVos  ILLe  Creat,  haVD  nVMerare  qVeat. 
April  schickt  hin  und  her  vil  Narren  in  der  Welt, 
Ein  Raiter  muss  der  seyn,  der  alle  richtig  zehlt. 
fLorIbVs  est  CLarVs  DIVersIs  MaIVs  In  hortIs 

DenIqVe  soLanVM1  pVLLVLat,  o  bone  sVs! 
Ein  Kraut  der  May  uns  bringt,  bekannt  fast  iiberall, 
Doch  denen  Schweinen  sehr  (so  spricht  mancher)  fatal. 
gaVDIa  IVxk  In  agrIs,  CVM  terrIs  InCVbat  -«stas. 

ast  Vm  !  CVM  frVCtVs  postea  granDo  qVatIt. 
Wann's  Fraid  im  Acker  schon  :  Ju  !  huy !  der  Baursmann  sagt, 
Au  Weh  !  wann  bald  darauf  der  Hagel  alles  schlagt. 
F<ENlsECiE  sVrgVnt  ;  gaVDent  ;  graMenqVe  seCatVr  : 

et  CVrrVnt,  straMen  VertICe  qVanDo  gerVnt. 
Die  Mader  scheren  's  Feld ;  und  seynd  der  Arbeit  froh, 
Sie  tragen  *s  Heu  nach  Hauss ;  im  Kopf  doch  mehrer  Stroh. 
aVgVstVM  CeLebrat  (aLIos  et  tonDet)  aVarVs. 

qVaeret  :  CVLter  VbI  ?  heVs  !  barthoLoMjbVs  aDest. 
Dem  Scliinder  in  August  von  Hertzen  d*  Andacht  geht : 
Weil  dort  Sanct  Barthlme  in  dem  Calender  steht. 
pLVres  proh  !  stVDIIs  VaLeDICVnt  :  InDe  perItI 

eXCeLLVnt,  bIpeDes  DVra  aD  arXtra  boVes. 
Vil  gehn  jetzt  in  d*  Vacantz :  Studirens  haben  's  gnug, 
Sonst  taugen  sic  nichts,  als  Ochsen  zu  den  Pflug. 
o  DoLor  !  o  poDagra  !  o  tVqVe  eXeCrabILe  ponDVs  ! 

sVrIVs  est  baCChVs;  DVrVs,  et  ora  preMens. 
O  Grausamkeit !  O  Plag  !  O  schmertzlichs  Podagram ! 
Wie  zieht  der  Schabser  heur  das  Maul  so  hart  zusamm  ! 


=  1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


1  The  original  has  this  marginal  note  : — "  Vulgo  Nach-schatten,  oder  Sau-kraut,  quo4 
coctum  sues  necat.' — Solanum  is  the  deadly  nightshade,  a  common  wild  plant. 


A  CALENDAR. 


421 


NOVKMBSK, 

Wintermon. 


Decsmbbr, 
Christmon. 


trans  jeq Vor  (Vah  !  seMper  eDaX)  LICet  aVoLet  ANSER  ; 

MartInVs  VoCat  Vt,  raVCVs  et  anser  aDest: 
Warm  schon  die  Marti  ns-Ganss  fliegt  einmal  iiber  's  Meer, 
Kommt  sie  zu  disen  Fest  ein  Ganss  halt  wid'rumb  her. 

In  fceno  qVantVs  nVnC  arDet  aMore  pVeLLVs  ! 

arDet,  Vt  InCenDat  CorDa  sVb  aXe  pVer. 
Vor  Lieb  auf  dem  Heu  das  Gottlich  Kindlein  brinnt, 
Es  brinnt,  dass  es  in  uns  die  Hertzen  auch  entziind. 


1726 
1726 


1726 
1726 


optIMa  prognosis 
De  eCLIpsIbVs  sVbLVnarIbVs  Isto 

ANNO. 

Ad  Porphyrium  Faustum} 
MVLtIs  Is  spIssIs  eCLIpsIbVs  annVs  abVnDat, 

qVm  obsCVrant  saCras,  heI  !  qVoqVe  faVste  !  DoMos. 
nVMqVID  fcGO  tenebras  obsCVras  passVs,  Vt  oCto? 

(seDVLVs  eXCLaMat  presbyter,  atq.  pIVs) 
pLVs  ego,  seX  LVstrIs,  aDeraM  paroCho,  bene  gratVs  ; 

eXp6stVs  CVr/e  noCte,  DIeqVe  Manens. 
CessIt  VbI  e  VIVIs  paroChVs,  aD  sIJDera  tenDens, 

DenIqVe  sVCCessor  fort^  fVtVrVs  eraM. 
seD  MoX  obsCVra,  et  ContrarIa  fata  fVerVnt: 

VnDe  obsCVrVs  aDhVC  sVb  tenebrIs  seDeo. 
non  VoLVI  IVDiE  VarIIs  CeLebrare  sIMonIs 

festa,  Carens  XenIIs.     hInC  MIhI  fVrVa  DIes. 
DIVItIas  sIMILes  non  eXpeto  ab  arte  LVCrarI. 

sIC  stIJX  paVperIeM  tVnC  sIne  fIne  Daret. 

SVNT  aLIm  EXIMliE   ECLIPSES  tIbI,   FAVSTE  !   NOTANDiE, 

qVm  obsCVrant  saCras  sat  qVoqVe  In  Vrbe  DoMos. 
DeCeDIt  paroChVs:  gaVDentqVe  eX  fratre  nepotes. 

aD  fVnVs  CeLerIs,  proMptaqVe  tVrba  VoLat. 
HjeC  sVperInDVCet  tenebras  qVanDoqVe  stVpenDas: 

et  nIhIL  eX  tantIs  aMpLIVs  hIC  VIDeas 
DIVItIIs,  qVas  iECoNoMI  bona  CVra  paraVIt: 

spLenDoreMqVe  Lares  eXhIbV£re.    VaCant: 
k*reDes  qVonIaM  (tVrba  heV  prjeCLara!)  tVLerVnt, 

qVIDqVID  In  aCCeptIs  iEDlBVs  IntVs  erat. 
LVstrabat  rIDens  eX  arte  nepotVLVs  arCaM  : 

hAC  patrWs  nVMos  ConDere  VIsVs  erat. 
saLVete!  hInC  sVbIto  (DIXIt)  MIgrate  thaLerI  ! 

abDere  sVb  qVerCV  Vos  MeLIore  V0L0. 
Interea  aVDItVr  strepItVs,  CVM  sCrInIa  neptIs 

oCCVpat.  hareDVM  totaqVe  tVrba  VenIt. 


»  =  1726 


1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 


A  translation  of  what  here  follows  is  attempted  at  page  424,  infra. 


422  A  CALENDAR. 

eXtrahItVr  LInVM  raDIans,1  IbI  Lana  CaprIna,  ==  1726 

De  qVIbVs  hIC  DeCIVs  DIspVtat  In  ferIo.  =  1726 

In  DabItIs  Contra  eXVrgIt  MaChab^IVs  Ipse.  =  1726 

pVgno  eXaLtato  HiEC  rIXa  MoLesta  Data  est.  =  1726 

bIbLIotheCa,  eheV!  satIs  eXpILatVr  IbIDeM.  =  1726 

teMpore!  proh!  parVo  est  CaVLa,  qVoD  aVLa  fVIt.       =  1726 

ah!  IntroDVCant,  VeCtVros  MVnera,  taVros?  =  1726 

est  Ita.    spVrCatVr  sat  qVoqVe  saCra  DoMVs.  =  1726 

Dant  LIberIs  LIbros  :  LVDent  IVeVenILIter.  VnDe2         =  1726 

post  paVL6  sterCVs  qVoDq.  VoLVMen  erIt.  =  1726 

eXpoLIata  DoMVs  pr^stans,  prjeCLara,  VenVsta,  =  1726 

eXeMpLo  eCLypsIn  Denotat  VsqVe  sVo.  =  1726 
In  the  original  a  versified  German  translation  follows. 


>  m*m  < 


enarratIo  IngentIs  beLLI 

Inter  MeDICos,  atqVe  IVrIs  peritos         }=  1726 
orItVrI. 

DIALOGUS. 

Febricondius,  Medicus.    Harpocrates>  et  Faustus, 
yuristce. 

Isto  anno  prorsVs  eaDeM  qVoqVe  beLLa  reCVrrVnt,  =  1726 

qVm  eXtabant  CarIs  MeDICIs,  et  IVre  perItIs,  =  1726 

Vt  Contender Vnt,  qVIs  pLVs  tonDenDo  VaLeret?  =  1726 

IsthmeC  qVIsqVIs  aMat  sIne  sangVIne  beLLa  VIDere,  =  1726 

seDVLVs  approperet,  hVC  et  bene  LVMIna  Vertat  !  =1726 

Vt  beLLI  sIgnVM  febrIConDIVs,  ebrIVs  IrA,  =  1726 

protVLIt,  harpoCrates,  et  faVstVs  aD  arMa  VoLArVnt  =  1726 

proDVCVnt  Leges,  et  tanta  VoLVMIna,  qVanta  =  1726 

seX  asInI  bIpeDes  CIt6  ab  hInC  reMoVere  neqVIrent.  ==  1726 

rIsIt  at  hjeC  potIVs  MIr&  febrIConDIVs:  heVs  Vos!  =  1726 

Vestra  ego  non  CVro  tot  pLena  VoLVMIna  fraVDe.  =  1726 

Contra  qVaqVe  ego  sto,  DVra  Vt  MarpesIa  CaVtes.  =  1726 

DesIne  (faVstVs  aIt)  fIXIs  IaQtare  MInaCes  =  1726 

pLANk  oCVLIs  VIres,  qVI  tot  IaM  fVnera  DIrIs  =  1726 

feCIstI  potIs.  VeL  stIJX  MeLIora  DatVra  est.  =  1726 

haVD  frVstra  InsIgnIs  neC  non  febrIConDIVs  aVDIs,  »  1726 

sVb  tVMVLo  tV  SiEPfe  soLes  qVI  ConDere  febres.  =  1726 

Ipse  sCIo;  eXCIpItIs  Vos.  mger  et  orDIne  postqVaM  =  1726 

VIXIt:  aD  eLIJsIos  saLteM  LegaLIter  (Vna  =  1726 

DICItIs)  IntraVIt  CaMpos:  bene  faVstVs  VbI  stat.  a=  1726 

1  A  marginal  note,  '  vulgo  Glantz-Leinwad  '  {sic).     Query,  glazed  linen,  or  some  species 
of  flax. 

2  The  word  is  so  in  the  original. 


A  CALENDAR. 


423 


harpoCrates  aVDI  !  CItIVs  naM,  Ver&  et  InIqVIs  =  1726 

LegIbVs  heI  !  DVrIs  obeVnt  CIVILIter  oMnes,  =  1726 

qVotqVot  sVb  Vestro  teCto  ConaMIne  sVDant.  =  1726 

qVIppe  In  pernItIeM  retr6  CoLLVDItIs  VsqVe  =  1726 

partIVM:  et  In  stVDIo  trIstes  IVgVLare  CLIentes  =  1726 

nosCItIs.     heI  qVantVM  hoC  DVrIs  In  rebVs  Inane  !  =  1726 

taM  Ver£  eXVrgent  qVjE  anno,  beLLa  horrIDa  beLLa,  =  1726 

tanDeM  eXoptatA  CessabVnt  noXIa  paCe;  *■  1726 

sVb  Cappa  Vt  qVoq.  Certantes  IVngantVr  eADeM.  =  1726 
In  the  original  a  versified  German  translation  follows. 


♦  ■•■» 
liporyv&o'LS 

De  MorbIs  fataLIbVs  nobILIs  gynjeCeI 
eX  astrIs  erVta. 

phcebVs,  ah  !  tanto  VaLet  a  CaLore, 
Vt  CIt6  pIngat  faCIes  nIgrore  : 
qVI  gynjbConI  CoLor  astra  sors  est: 

aLtera  Mors  est. 

nVnC  ebVr  fVrVro  Latet,  heV!  CoLore: 
VIX  VenVs^ato  faWs  est  In  ore, 

MORTIS  AFFLATV   ROSA  GRATA  PALLET 

CIJnthIa  sqVaLLet. 

fronsqVe  sVggestV  (tIbI  Vah  !)  sVpIna 
CarpItVr  CRVDiE,  heV  !  LaChesIs  rapInA  ; 
Corporis  VIVI  speCIes  ebVrna 

ConDItVr  VrnA. 

sIt  nIhIL  refert.  faCIes  nIgresCat! 
VeL  seneX  VIrgo  In  tVMVLo  pVtresCat! 
sVffICIt,  VIVat,  nIteatqVe  pVrA 

Mente,  seCVra. 
In  the  original  a  German  translation,  in  the  same  metre,  follows. 


1726 
1726 

•  =5     I726 
=     1726 


^♦^ 


tanDeM  et  fertILItas  IstIVs  annI 
eXpLICatVr. 
Labente  hoC  anno  Vt  soLVatVr  qV^stIo  qVjeDaM, 

oCIJVs,  ah  !  VenIat  DIVVs  apoLLo  MIhI  ! 
qVjestIo. — nVM  frVgeIs  nobIs  hIC  InDICat  annVs? 

CVI  frVgVM  speCIes  IVpIter  Ipse  DabIt? — 

eXprIMIt  InsIgnes  (VIDeas!)  fICVLnea  fLores. 

qV*q.  sVas  frVges  CoLLIget  VnDe  ManVs. 


i- 


1726 

1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 
1726 


1  This  chronogram  undoubtedly  makes  2726,  it  agrees  with  the  original,  and  must  be 
the  author's  own  error. 


424  A  CALENDAR. 

SiEPfc  VnVs  paroChVs  MagnVs  petIt  esse  DeCanVs  :  =1726 

aVt  paroChVM  aD  sVperos  eVeheret  soCIVs.  ==  1726 

Inter  MonstratVr  DIgItos  ast  ILLIC6  fIXVs  =  1726 

poLLeX:  qVAM  pr^stans,  heVs  bone!  fICVs  aDest.  =  1726 

granDIs  VbI,  et  prIM6  VVLt  ConsILIarIVs  esse  =  1726 

tantaLVs  eXtreMA  Vt  seDe  LoCatVs,  abIt:  =  1726 

DeposCens  sVaVes,  heV  !  fICVs  gVstat  aMaras  :  =  1726 

Vah!  stoMaChVs  totVs  hIsCe  graVanDVs  erat.  =  1726 

sIrIVs  InnVptjE  DoMICeLL*  eXarsIt  In  ora  :  =1726 

CorbeM,  qV^e  tVrget  fICVbVs,  VnDe  refert.  =  1726 

aptVM  se  panDIt  stVLtVs  pro  ConsVLe  sVtor;  =  1726 

ast  VLtra  CrepIDaM.  est  stVLtVs,  Vt  ante,  bonVs,  ==  1726 

rVstICVs  In  stIfVLIs1,  Vah  !  IaM  granDes  et  herILes  =  1726 

forMat  ConCeptVs:  seD  neqVe  Vota  IVVant:  =  1726 

sterCoreVs  Manet  In  stabVLo,  postqVe  arDVa,  PRiEsVL,  =  1726 

tot  stVDIa.  hoC  MVnVs:  pasCere  rVre  boVes.  »  1726 

IVbILat  VnDe  satIs  fICVLnea;  et  Ipsa  trIVMphat.  =  1726 

qVos  frVCtVs  MVnDo  HiEC  partVrIt  ergo?  patet.  =  1726 
In  the  original  there  is  a  versified  German  translation,  which 
brings  this  curious  calendar  to  its  end. 

1  he  free  translation  (by  the  owner  of  the  i  Calendar ')  which  here 
follows,  of  a  selected  portion  of  the  author's  work,  the  'Pptima 
prognosis,'  at  page  421,  ante,  will  give  some  idea  of  his  humorous 
character  under  depressing  circumstances.  The  appendix  to  the 
Calendar  seems  to  have  been  written  as  a  kind  of  parody  upon  certain 
notable  predictions  and  prognostications,  such  as  those  which  were 
once  popular  in  England  in  the  almanacs  put  forth  by  Old  Moore 
and  Zadkiel.  It  appears  that  the  author,  who  conceals  himself  under 
the  name  '  Sedulus,'  was  a  poor  country  curate,  or  coadjutor  to  the 
parish  priest,  and  after  working  hard  for  thirty  years  was  still  without 
promotion,  and  the  '  light'  that  was  in  him  was  '  eclipsed.'  When  the 
parish  priest  died  he  expected  the  post  to  be  given  to  him,  and  what 
made  the  whole  affair  more  miserable  was  the  rapacious  ransacking 
and  plundering  of  the  deceased  priest's  houses  by  their  relatives, 
which  he  amusingly  and  yet  with  pathos  describes,  and,  as  we  may 
suppose,  he  may  have  witnessed  in  this  instance. 

A  very  excellent 
Prediction  about  the  Eclipses  this  year. 

To  Porphyrins  Faustus. 

A/as,  Faustus,  this  year  abounds  in  frequent  eclipses,  which  darken 

also  many  priestly  homes.      What  indeed  have  I  suffered  of  these  dark 

calamities,  eight  say  you  ?     (Let  Sedulus,  a  worthy  priest,  proclaim  his 

woes.)     For  more  than  thirty  years  was  I  at  my  Rector's  beck  and  call, 

1  The  word  is  so  in  the  original. 


A  CALENDAR.  425 

and  worked  with  acceptance  by  night  as  well  as  day.  And  when  the 
good  old  priest  had  departed  from  among  the  living,  starting  on  his 
journey  for  the  starry  skies,  then  at  last  I  thought  by  chance  I  should  be 
named  his  successor,  but  soon  the  fates  were  dark  and  adverse,  whereby 
I  still  remain  unnoticed  and  under  a  cloud.  I  would  not  play  the  greedy 
Part  of  the  traitor  Judas,  the  son  of  Simon,  though  I  sadly  wanted  the 
thirty  pieces  of  silver  (literally,  I  would  not  keep  a  Judas  Festival  bare 
as  I  was  of  presents).  And  so  was  my  chance  overcast  with  gloom.  I 
do  not  seek  by  guile  to  gain  such  riches,  for,  if  1  did,  then  Sly  at  s  stream 
would  make  me  poor  eternally.  T/iere  are  other  special  eclipses,  O 
Faustus,  to  be  observed  by  thee,  which  also  darken  my  hallowed  home, 
in  a  city  too.  The  parish  priest  dies,  his  nephews  rejoice,  speedily  there 
hastens  to  the  funeral  a  ready  willing  crowd,  and  this  often  brings  with 
it  a  very  heavy  gloom,  and  (so  dark  in  fact)  that  no  more  can  you  see 
any  of  all  those  great  treasures  which  the  honest  frugality  of  the  master 
of  the  house  got  together  ;  the  household  gods  used  to  be  present,  a  noble 
appearance,  now  their  very  shrines  are  empty,  for  the  heirs  forsooth  (a 
pretty  crew!)  have  carried  off  whatever  inside  was  worth  taking.  A 
smirking  little  nephew  might  be  seen  gloating  over  the  money-box  where 
his  uncle  was  known  to  treasure  up  his  coin.  Welcome,  says  he,  ye 
t holers,  quick,  presto  I  change  !  I  have  a  better  home  for  you  elsewhere. 
And  now  is  a  wrangling  heard,  when  the  niece  attacks  the  clothes- chest. 
The  whole  crew  cluster  round.  The  well-kept  linen  is  brought  forth, 
and,  trifling  as  it  is,  forms  a  goodly  theme  for  holiday  dispute  to  Decius 
(alluding  to  the  protferb  '  rixari  de  land  caprind,1  to  dispute  about  a 
trifle:  see  Horat.  Epist.  xviii.  15).  Against  him  in  give-and-take  rises 
up  Machabaus  himself  (a  sobriquet  referring  to  the  family  of  Judas 
Maccabams,  the  'Hammer ').  With  uplifted  fist  the  baleful  quarrel  pro- 
ceeds. The  library,  alas!  is  then  and  there  pillaged  to  their  hearts' 
content.  In  a  short  time,  more  }s  the  pity  I  what  was  a  mansion  is  an 
empty  hut.  Can  they  be  bringing  oxen  to  take  away  the  spoil?  *Tis 
even  so,  the  hallowed  home  is  quite  enough  defiled.  They  give  the  books 
to  the  children,  who  play  with  them  as  children  are  wont.  And  so  after 
a  while  each  goodly  volume  will  be  a  mass  of  filth.  A  house  remarkably 
illustrious  and  beautiful,  or  ancient,  always  when  thus  robbed,  points 
to  an  Eclipse  by  its  own  example  or  fate. 

The  succeeding  portions  of  the  appendix  would  not  be  improved 
by  translation,  without  our  knowing  what  was  running  in  the  author's 
thoughts  when  he  was  writing  the  chronograms,  to  assist  us  to  the 
interpretation  of  the  figurative  allusions  to  his  own  position ;  his 
expressions,  whether  serious  or  humorous,  would  appear  in  English 
as  simple,  obscure,  and  far-fetched.  The  last  is  possibly  his  next 
best,  but  we  are  at  a  loss  to  assign  a  meaning  to  its  title,  '  the  fertility 
of  the  year,'  and  the  crop  of  'figs';  it  may  be  explained  by  the 
enigmatical  expression  in  the  title-page  to  the  appendix,  'the  sun 
having  at  length  arisen/  intimating  that  he  had  met  with  better  luck 
since  the  writing  of  the  calendar,  while  his  signature  to  the  first  title- 
page  as  'Pastor  Paludanus'  may  be  regarded  as  a  sign  that  his 

3  h 


426  A  CALENDAR. 

1  eclipse '  had  passed  off,  and  that  he  had  at  last  gained  his  promotion 
by  becoming  the  priest  of  a  parish  answering  to  that  appellation. 


I  close  my  notice  of  this  curious  work  with  one, more  extract 
The  day  of  Saint  John  of  Nepomuk,  the  16th  of  May,  is  thus  marked 
in  the  foregoing  calendar — 

eX  Voto  (et  MerIt6)  taCVIstI,  pIsCIs  aD  Instar  :  =     1726 

His  eXInDe  In  aqVIs  pIsCIbVs  esto  CoMes!  =     1726 

Johann  !  du  war*st  zuvor  den  stummen  Fischen  gleich  : 
So  miissen  d*  Fisch  ietzund  begleiten  deine  Leich. 
i.e.  In  consequence  of  thy  voiv  (and  justly)  thou  wert  silent  as  the  fishes \ 
henceforth  be  thou  their  companion  in  the  waters. 

John  I    thou  wast  aforetime  like  to  the  dumb  fishes^  so  must  they 
now  follow  thy  corpse. 

This  alludes  to  his  silence  as  to  matters  confided  to  him  under 
the  seal  of  confession,  and  his  refusal  to  reveal  them,  which  led  to 
his  alleged  martyrdom  by  drowning.  The  saint  was  very  popular 
in  Bohemia  and  the  adjacent  countries.  See  Chronograms^ 
pp.  170-182. 


BISHOP  SPORCK'S 
CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk  INCEDENS. 


HE  book  now  to  be  noticed  is  indeed  a  very  remarkable 
one.  It  is  a  quarto  volume  in  the  library  of  the  Rev. 
Walter  Begley,  and  contains  3843  chronograms,  entirely 
filling  452  pages  from  the  title  to  the  colophon.  It 
is  a  very  rare  book.  Careful  search  and  inquiry  in 
several  libraries,  the  British  Museum,  the  Oxford  Bodleian,  the 
London  Society  of  Antiquaries,  the  royal  libraries  of  Brussels, 
Vienna,  and  Prague,  has  not  brought  to  light  any  other  copy.  No 
doubt  other  copies  do  exist,  but  where  are  they?  Brunet  and 
Graesse,  and  other  leading  bibliographers,  do  not  mention  the  work. 
One  library  is  likely  to  contain  a  copy,  that  of  the  great  Praemon- 
stratensian  Monastery  of  Strahow  at  Prague,  to  which  the  author 
seems  to  have  belonged  (see  p.  368  of  the  work).  One  curious  feature 
of  the  work  is  that  neither  the  title-page,  the  censura,  nor  the 
colophon  discloses  the  author's  name,  and  it  is  only  by  a  marginal 
note  at  page  373  that  we  learn  who  he  was.  The  subject  is  multi- 
farious, and  all  in  prose.  It  treats  in  concise  sentences  of  theology,  the 
Virgin  Mary,  the  saints,  particularly  of  Saint  Philip  Neri,  faith,  Scrip- 
ture, the  Fathers  of  the  Church,  morals  and  proverbs,  the  illustrious 
dead,  miscellaneous  history,  biographical  notices,  the  Emperors 
Charles  VI.  and  Leopold  I.,  and  other  potentates  and  bishops,  the 
University  of  Prague,  divers  adages,  the  weather,  things  to  be  avoided 
and  hated,  beauty,  rural  life,  peace  and  war,  man  and  woman, 
flattery,  oratory,  fasting,  penitence,  prognostics,  applause  of  eminent 
persons,  the  author  himself,  fables,  precious  stones,  anecdotes,  Milan, 


428  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC 

the  Clementine  College  at  Rome,  the  author's  farewell,  and  a  great 
variety  of  other  matters,  perhaps  two  or  three  hundred  more  in 
number  than  are  here  casually  mentioned  ;  finishing  with  a  sort  of 
afterthought  as  if  to  fill  up  two  or  three  blank  pages,  which  the 
author  calls  '  chronographica  omissa.'  Everything  is  composed  in 
chronogram,  making  one  and  the  same  date,  1754,  the  date  of  the 
book.  In  this  the  author  has  scarcely  recognised  the  purpose  of  a 
chronogram  ;  he  merely  writes  in  that  form,  but  does  not  thereby 
give  the  date  of  the  circumstances  thereby  described. 

It  might  be  supposed  that  after  such  an  effort,  and  on  accomplish- 
ing his  labour,  the  author  would  have  disclosed  his  name  in  the  usual 
manner  ;  but  not  so.  Even  the  high  compliment  paid  to  him  in  the 
official  'Censura'  failed  to  draw  him  out  from  his  adopted  obscurity; 
and  further,  we  learn  from  the  '  Censura '  that  this  is  the  third  work 
of  the  same  kind  by  the  author,  a  trio  he  might  indeed  have  been 
proud  of.  In  this  one  example,  composed,  it  is  believed,  when  he 
was  blind  (I  can  get  no  exact  knowledge  of  the  other  two),  w«  see 
his  ability  to  deal  with  a  difficult  style  of  composition,  and  his  great 
store  of  subjects  gathered  up  in  all  directions.  A  marginal  note  at 
page  373  of  the  book  (and  see  page  439  infra),  directs  attention 
to  the  author;  and  we  learn  from  the  chronograms  there  that  his 
name  was  John  Rudolph  Sporck,  of  noble  family ;  his  parents  were 
Ferdinand  and  Apollonia;  he  was  born  in  1695;  he  was  suffragan 
bishop  of  Prague. 

Some  further  particulars  concerning  the  author  are  to  be  gathered 
from  Dablacz,  Kiinstler-Lexicon  fur  Bohmen,  and  Zedler's  Universal 
Lexicon.  He  was  distinguished  for  skill  in  drawing,  though  he  had 
more  weighty  matters  to  engage  his  attention  as  bishop  of  Adrat  and 
suffragan  to  the  archbishop  of  Prague,  and  as  '  Hauspralat '  to  the 
Papal  Court.  When  a  young  man,  he  already  loved  the  arts,  and 
still  more  so  later  in  life,  especially  during  his  residence  and  study  of 
theology  at  Rome.  He  made  a  collection  of  valuable  paintings,  and 
copied  them  in  Indian  ink.  His  enthusiasm  carried  him  so  far  in 
this,  that,  as  it  was  thought,  it  was  the  cause,  as  his  years  advanced,  of 
total  blindness.  He  died  at  Prague,  on  21st  January  1759,  in  the 
Benedictine  Monastery  of  St.  Nicolas,  where  he  had  lived  for  several 
years  since  his  blindness.  He  had  the  honour  to  be  sent  to  the 
Papal  Court  in  1729  by  the  chapter  of  Prague  Cathedral,  as  advocate 
for  the  canonization  of  St.  John  Nepomuk.     Seven  folio  volumes  of 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC  429 

his  drawings  are  said  to  be  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  monastery 
of  Strahow  at  Prague. 

The  title-page  is  printed  on  the  following  page,  with  modern  type, 
in  imitation,  so  far  as  is  attainable,  of  the  original,  and  it  may  be 
read  as  two  chronograms ;  thus — 

CANCER  ChRONOGRAPHICe,  AT  RETROGRADE,  AC  LENTE  InCeDeKS 

ET  NON   PROFlClENS  =s       1754 

ChronographICa  offert.     sIC  rIDe,  DefLe,  et  ea  CorrIge 
LeCtor  pr«CLare.  *=     1754 

Pragae,  apud  Franciscum  Carolum  Hladky,  Archi-Episcopalem 
Typographum. 
On  the  back  of  the  title-page  is  the  following,  which  gives  the 
important  information  that  this  is  not  the  only  work  of  the  author — 

CENSURA. 
Ex  gratiosa  commissione  Reverendissimi,  Illustrissimi,  ac  excel- 
lentissimi  Domini,  Domini  (pL  tit.)  Episcopi  suffraganei  Pragensis, 
Vicarii  Generalis  et  Officialis,  legi  prsesentem  trinum  ejusdem  Illumi- 
natissimi  Authoris,  felicem  alti  Ingenii  partum,  opus  chronographicum : 
quod  sicut  priora,  gustu  Attico,  et  Laconico  stylo,  tantil  pietate  et 
sapientii  elucubratum  est,  ut  omnium  oculos  apprime  mercatur, 
quapropter  illud,  ut  publici  usus  per  typum  fiat,  dignissimum  judico. 
Datum  Pragse  Die  18  Novembr. 

A*™  x755-  Maximilianus  Wadl, 

Cler.  Regul.  S.  Pauli  Assessor  ConsistoriL 
IMPRIMATUR. 

Antonius  Wenceslaus  Wokaun,  Episcopus,  Vicarius  Generalis 
et  Officialis. 

i.e.  A  crab,  chronographically,  but  in  a  retrograde  manner  and  slowly », 
marching  along  and  not  advancing,  presents  the  chronograms.     Thus,  O 
distinguished  reader,  do  thou  laugh  at,  weep  over,  and  correct  them  I 
'  Censura '  (the  official  judgment  thereon). 

By  the  gracious  commission  of  the  most  reverend,  illustrious,  and 
excellent  Lord  (of  many  titles)  Bishop  suffragan  of  Prague,  vicar-general 
and  official,  I  have  read  the  present,  the  third  chronographic  work,  the 
happy  offspring  of  the  same  most  enlightened  author,  which,  just  as  the 
former  ones,  is  composed  with  elegant  taste  and  in  laconic  style,  and  with 
so  much  piety  and  wisdom  that  it  deserves  especially  the  notice  of  all 
persons  ;  and  therefore  I  do  adjudge  it  very  worthy  of  being  put  in  print 
for  public  use.  Given  at  Prague,  18  Nov.  .1755.  (Official  signature.) 
Let  it  be  printed.     (Another  official  signature.) 

The  chronograms  commence  with  *  De  Deo  uno  et  trino.' 
Page   3.    a    natIVItate    JesU    ChrIstI    saLVatorIs    nostrI, 
MILLe,  septIes  CentenI,  qVInqVagInta  qVatUor  InChoant 
annI:  sIt  honor  et  gLorIa  soLI  CceLI,  et  terrjE  regI  !     =     1754 
i.e.  The  years  now  number  1754  from  the  nativity  of  Jesus  Christ  our 
Saviour:  To  the  only  king  of  heaven  and  earth  be  glory  and  honour. 


CanCer 

ChronographI  Ce, 

AT 

RETROGRADE,   aC    LENTE 

InCeDens, 

ET 

non  profICIens 
* 

ChronographICa  OFFERT. 

sIC  rIDe,  DefLe  et  ea  CorrIge 
LeCtor  pr^CLare! 


Pragae,  apud  Francifcum  Carolum  Hladky,  Archi-Epifcopalem  Typographum. 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC  431 

o  sanCta  trInItasI  te  DICtare,  sCrIbere,  pr«DICare, 
Cantare,  et  honorare  aUgUstInUs  optat,  si  VIVere  posset: 
Verba  hmC  Cor  eXpresserat  eJUs.  =     1754 

i.e.  O  Holy  Trinity !  Saint  Augustine,  if  perchance  he  could  be  alive, 
wishes  to  declare,  to  write,  to  preach,  praise,  and  honour  thee :  these 
words  his  heart  had  expressed, 

VIsItetUr  A.  te  DeUs  habItatIo  Ista,  CUnCt^qVe  tenta- 
tIones  hostIs  LoNGfe  peLLantUr,  beatI  angeLI  habItent  In 
ea,  protegentes  nos,  et  tUa  sanCta  beneDICtIo  sIt  Con- 
stanter  super  nos  !  =1754 

i.e.  May  this  house  be  visited  by  thee,  O  God,  and  may  all  temptations 
of  the  enemy  be  driven  far  away.  May  the  blessed  angels  dwell  therein, 
protecting  us  ;  and  may  Thy  holy  blessing  be  always  upon  us  I 

qVI  VIVIs  et  regnas  UnUs  DeUs,  gLorIose  reX  per 
perpetUa  SjeCULa,  aMen.  =     1754 

i.e.   Who  livest  and  reignest  one  God,  King  in  glory  for  ever.    Amen. 

The  author  proceeds  to  declare  in  chronograms  the  attributes  of 
God,  and  at  page  6  he  gives  this  prayer  to  be  used  prior  to  study — 
'Oratio  ante  stadia,'  aUthor  IneffabILIs!  qVI  k  thesaUro 
sapIentIjE  tres  angeLICas  l  hYerarChIas  annotAstI,  et 
taLes  sUper  CoeLos  sIngULarI  orDIne  LoCAstI,  et  partes 
totIUs  DIstrIbUIstI  :  =     1754 

tUI  qVI  VerUs  fons  LVCIs,  et  InfInIt*:  sapIentLe 
appeLLarIs,  et  CeLsa  orIgo:  fUnDe  sUper  InteLLeCtUs 
nostrI  tenebras,  raDIos  CharItatIs,  =     1754 

bInas,  In  qVIbUs  natI  sUMUs,  A  nobIs  aUferens  tenebras, 
peCCata  sCILICet,  et  IgnorantIas  ;  qVI  LIngVas  InfantILes 
faCIs  esse  LoqVentes,  =     1754 

LIngVas  nostras  erVDIas,  atqVe  propItIUs  In  LabIIs 
nostrIs,  sUperqUe  nos  gratIas  tUa  beneDICtIonIs  benIgn^ 
InfUnDas:  =     1754 

faC  nos  InteLLIgentIA  aCUtos,  retInentIA  aptos,  Interpre- 
tatIone  sUbtILes,  DoCILItate  faCILes,  eLoqVentIA  sVaVes, 
JUstos,  sapIentes,  atqVe  prUDentes  :  =     1754 

IngressUs  InstrUas,  progressUs  DIrIgas,  egressUsqVe  per- 
fICIas!  per  VIsCera  JesU,  qVI  perpetU6  regnat:  aMen.  =  1754 
Le.  A  prayer  before  study. — Ineffable  Author  I  who  from  the  treasury 
of  wisdom  hast  ordained  three  angelic  hierarchies,  and  hast  placed  them 
in  excellent  order  over  the  heavens,  and  hast  distributed  them  in  all  parts 
of  the  universe;  \  Thou/  the  true  fountain  of  light,  who  art  called  the 
lofty  source  of  infinite  wisdom :  pour  down  the  rays  of  love  upon  the 
darkness  of  our  understanding,  \  Taking  away  from  us  the  twofold 
darkness. in  which  we  were  born,  namely,  our  sins  and  ignorances ;  who 


1  Here  the  letter  Y  counts  =  1. 


432  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC. 

makest  the  tongues  of  infants  to  speak,  \  Thou  who  canst  instruct  our 
tongues,  and  canst  favourably  pour  into  our  lips,  and  canst  kindly  pour 
upon  us,  the  graces  of  thy  blessing:  \  Make  us  sharp  in  understanding, 
apt  to  retain,  skilful  to  interpret,  easily  teachable,  delightful  in  eloquence, 
just,  wise,  and  prudent :  \  Prepare  our  beginnings,  direct  our  progress, 
make  perfect  our  exits  I  By  the  'bowels'  ({ tender  mercies9)  of  Jesus,  who 
reigns  for  ever.     Amen. 

After  some  other  prayers,  and  invocations  to  the  Eucharistic  sacra- 
ment and  the  Virgin  Mary,  the  author  proceeds  to  notice  the  saints, 
and  devotes  to  them  92  pages  and  828  chronograms ;  among  them 
are  two  saints  of  his  own  nation,  Saint  Wenceslaus,  king  of  Bohemia, 
and  Saint  John  of  Nepomuk.  A  hymn  to  the  former  commences 
with  the  following  sentence  at  page  32  : — gLorIose  VVbnCesLae 
reX  regnI  CzeChI.*:,  DUX  egregIe,  pIe,  gratIose,  et  zeLose 
patrIjB  nostrje!  oratIones  pro  nobIs  offer  Deo  spIrItUI 
sanCto:   ChrIste  eLeIson.  =     1754 

i.e.  O  glorious  Wenceslaus,  king  of  the  '  Czechs,'1  most  eminent,  pious, 
gracious,  and  zealous  leader  of  our  country  /  offer  up  for  us  prayers  to 
God  the  holy  spirit :  O  Christ,  supplicate  for  us. 

The  prayer  to  the  other  saint  is  in  two  sentences  at  page  38  : — 
sanCte  Joannes  seCretI  saCrjb  ConfessIonIs  CUstos,  et  bothjr 
faMje  patrone  !  qVILIbet  saCras  tVas  reLIqVIas  et  ossa, 
pro  VeneratIone  habere  ferVenter  eXoptat,  speratqVe,  =  1754 
sUsCIpe,  et  aCCepta  k  DeVotIs  CLIentIbUs  tUIs  Vota, 
et  Dona  pit  tIbI  obLata:  aC  oratIone  tUa,  Ut  jETERNfe 
beatI  fIant,  eIs  proCUra,  et  GRATlosfc  protege  Ipsos  !  =1754 
i.e.  O  holy  John,  the  keeper  of  the  secrets  of  sacred  confession,  patron  of 
good  reputations  /  whosoever  he  be  that  desires  and  hopes  to  have  in 
veneration  thy  sacred  relics  and  bones,  \  raise  him  up,  and  receive  the 
vows  and  gifts  piously  offered  to  thee  by  thy  devoted  followers  ;  and  pro- 
cure for  them  by  thy  prayer  that  they  may  become  eternally  blessed,  and 
do  thou  graciously  protect  them. 

Another  prayer  to  Saint  Wenceslaus  is  in  these  words  at  page  40 : — 
sanCte  WenCesLab  MartYr,2  et  CzeChLe  reX  !  gLorIose  ! 
nobILIs,  InferIorIs,  opULentI,  et  paUperIs,   proteCtor,   et 

PATRONE!  IN  GRATIA  SERVa  PATRlOTAS  TU-ffi,  ET  NOSTRiE  PATRIAE 
TERRiE.  =       1754 

eLeVa  nos  VIrtUtIbUs,  qVas  Ipse  eXerCUeras,  obeDIentIa, 
hUMILItate,  et  patIentIa.  =     1754 

A  peste  faMe,  et  beLLo  gratIosA  sInt  DefensI  CLIentes!  =     1754 
et     post      DeposIta     terrena      MerItIs     faC     eos     CceLo 
potIentes.  =     1754 

i.e.  O  holy  martyr  Wenceslaus,  king  of  the  c  Czechs  /n  gloriously  noble  / 
the  protector  and  patron  of  the  lowly,  the  rich,  and  the  poor  I  keep  in 
favour  thy  fellow-countrymen  and  ours.  \  Elevate  us  by  those  virtues 

1  The  ancient  Bohemian  or  Sclavonian  people.  9  The  letter  Y  counts  =  1. 


CANCER  CBRONOGRAPHIck,  ETC  4J3 

which  thou  hast  assumed,  obedience,  humility,  and  patience.  \  From 
plague,  famine,  and  war,  may  thy  followers  be  graciously  defended!  \ 
And  after  their  earthly  trusts,  cause  them  to  enjoy  their  deservings  in 
heaven. 

Having  finished  with  the  saints,  the  author  notices  other  religious 
subjects.  At  page  120,  '  De  Doctrina  fidei  ;*  at  page  132,  '  De  sacra 
scriptural  at  page  139,  '  De  sententiis  moralibus  sive  proverbus;' 
until  at  page  142  we  reach  'De  defunctis/  and  find  the  first  mention 
of  some  one  of  the  author's  relatives — 

In  paCe  sInt  Charge  anIMjE  fIDeLes,  =     1754 

CceLestIs  regnI  JaM  CertI  hlereDes  :  =     1754 

LargIre  !  pIa  Matre  DeI  preCes  faCIente,  =     1754 

et  LIbera  anIMas  DesoLatas,  taLI  preCatIone  potente      =     1754 
ChrIste!  gratIaM  IpsIs  Larg^  Dona,  aC  PRiEBE:  =     1754 

tIbI  Constanter  Dent  honores,  et  te  aDorent  JETERNfc  In 
CceLestI  seDe.  =     1754 

anna  CatharIna  CoMItIssa  A  sVVeerts,  et  sporCk,  In 
festIVItate  beatI  petrI  CceLestInI,  et  beatI  IVonIs,  plfe 
obIVIt  LIssjE.     reqVIesCat  In  perpetUa  paCe!  =     1754 

i.e.  May  all  dear  faithful  souls  be  in  peace,  \  now  sure  heirs  of  the 
heavenly  kingdom;  \  bestow  thy  bounty  I  for  the  sake  of  the  prayers  of 
the  pious  mother  of  God,  \  and  make  us  desolate  souls  free,  through  such 
powerful  prayer  \  O  Christ  /  bestow  largely  thy  grace  to  them,  and  offer 
it :  I  May  they  always  give  honour  to  thee,  and  for  ever  adore  thee  in  the 
heavenly  abode. 

Anna  Catharina,  Countess  of  Sweerts  and  Sporck,  died  piously  at 
Zissa,  on  the  festival  of  the  blessed  Peter  Celestine  (19th  May),  and  of  ' 
the  blessed  Ivo  (?).     May  she  rest  in  eternal  peace. 

The  author  passes  on,  and  at  page  144  commences  historical 
and  miscellaneous  subjects,  devoting  to  them  97  pages,  and  905 
chronograms ;  and  in  lighter  language  than  he  has  hitherto  used,  he 
thus  addresses  his  patron — 

Longa,  Lata,  et  profUnDa  offero  tIbI  beneVoLe  faUtor  ! 
eLIge  qVmqVje  sUnt  In  hIs,  et  si  oMnIa  Vis,  ea  qVoqVe 
habebIs.  =      1754 

si    fUnICULUs    teMporIs    CUrsU    sUo    LongUs    apparet, 
hUnC  pLICa  In  partes  bInas,  et  FACILfe  breVIor  erIt;     =     1754 
si   Ver6    breVIs   est,  et    LongUM  eXoptas,  qVje,    pLICAstI, 
rUrsUs  eXtenDe.  =     1754 

si  spatIa  tIbI  fUerInt  nIMIs  Lata,  eXpeDIt,  Ut  tIbI 
angULos  QUiERAS,  aC  InIbI  VIVas:  =     i754 

at  si  Latebras  angUstas  VItare  optas,  te  naVIgatIonI 
eXpone,  et  eXCUrre  In  LatItUDInes  MarIs!  =     1754 

si  qVIs  In   InferIorIbUs  habItare   neqVIt,  potIUs  Montes 
asCenDat,  et  InIbI  L^etUs  bonA  aUrA  frUatUr  In  aLtIs:=     1754 
si  Ver6  eX  soLItarIa  VIta  In  aLtIs  TiEDIo  satUr  fUerIt, 
Is  rUrsUs  reDeat  aD  VaLLes.  =     1754 

31 


1 


434  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHlCk,  ETC. 

posIto  In  profUnDo  fontIs  haUstro,  hoC  eXtrahe  sUrsUM, 
Ut  In  sItI  tUa  aqVa  reCentI  potarI  possIs:  =     1754 

In    tUrrIbUs   per    VItra,  atqVe   VarIos    tUbos  VastItates 
k  Longe  VIDentUr,  IbI  CaMpan^,  et  horoLogIa  sonant.    =     1754 
In    fUtUrIs    ContIngentIbUs    VIX    habetUr    DeterMInata 
VerItas,  qVIa  InCerta  est.  =     1754 

LaUs  eXCessIVe  eXaLtata  MaLe  est  CoLLoCata,  qVIa 
non  VaLet;  potIVs  pLane  non  fUIsset  proLata.  =     1754 

aLIqVIs  ab  aLtero  argUebatUr,  qV6D  faLsa  garrIet; 
fateor,  Is  reponIt:  qVIa  non  es  DIgnUs  tantIs,  Ut  te 
LaUDaVI.  =     1754 

i.e.  I  offer  to  thee,  my  benevolent  patron,  long,  wide,  and  profound  con- 
siderations, I  take  whatever  of  them  you  choose,  and  if  you  desire  all  you 
shall  have  them.  \  If  the  cord  of  time  seems  long  in  its  course,  twist  and 
double  it,  and  it  will  easily  be  shorter  ;  \  if  indeed  it  be  short,  and  you 
desire  length,  extend  again  that  which  you  have  twisted.  \  If  your  rooms 
should  be  too  wide,  it  is  good  that  you  seek  the  angles  and  live  in  them  ;  \ 
but  if  you  wish  to  avoid  narrow  hiding-places,  devote  yourself  to  naviga- 
tion, and  go  forth  in  the  wide  breadth  of  the  sea!  \  If  one  is  unwilling 
to  inhabit  a  low  country,  let  him  rather  ascend  the  mountains,  and  there 
let  him  cheerfully  enjoy  the  good  air  on  high  ;  \  if,  however,  he  shall 
have  become  sated  with  weariness  through  his  solitary  life  on  high,  let 
JUm  return  again  to  the  valley.  \  Your  machine  (pump)  being  placed  in  a 
deep  spring,  draw  up  through  it,  so  that  when  thirsty  you  may  drink 
of  freshly  drawn  water.  \  On  towers,  by  means  of  glasses  and  various 
sorts  of  tubes,  places  may  be  seen  a  long  way  off,  and  there  also  clocks  and 
bells  do  sound.  \  In  future  contingencies  truth  can  scarcely  be  held  as 
determined,  because  the  subject  is  still  uncertain.  \  Too  high  praise  is  a 
bad  investment  because  it  is  inoperative,  better  surely  that  it  should  not 
have  been  offered.  |  One  man  was  censured  by  another  because  he  chattered 
untruly  ;  I  confess,  replied  he,  you  are  not  worthy  of  such  things  as  I 
praised  you  for. 

The  author  then  proceeds  to  relate  some  funny  little  stories, 
*  Serio-jocosae  narratiunculae,'  which  are  fairly  represented  by  the 
following  examples — 

Page  154.    Certe  SiEPE,  et  InIMICI  proDesse  soLent.  =     1754 

antIsthenes  VoLebat,  Ut  attenta  eXperIentIa  habeatUr, 
qVm  InIMICI  De  nobIs  sentIant,  atqVe  LoqVantUr;  =     1754 

qVIa  UtI  A.  serpentIbUs  aCerbIs  InsIgnIa  sjEPE  reMeDIa: 
Ita  parIter  ab  hostIbUs  UtILIa  eXpetere  nobIs  VaLet.     =     1754 
InsIpIens  est  f>eMIna  faLse  ornata,  et  Caret  DeCore.       =     1754 
IntUens  aLIqVIs   ornatUs   pUeLL^e,  pLUM^e    Isra,    DIXIt, 

PRiETlOSlORES   SUNT   IPSA  AVE.  =       1 754 

etsI  eqVUs  fUerIt  frgeno  DeaUrato  eXornatUs,  nIL  Certe 
MeLIor  fUtUrUs  est.  =     1754 

i.e.  Often  indeed  even  enemies  are  wont  to  be  useful.  \  Antisthenes  wished 
that  tried  experience  might  be  attained,  which  [would  shoid\  what  our 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC.  435 

enemies  may  think  and  say  ;  \  because  extraordinary  remedies  are  to  be 
got  from  venomous  serpents ;  \  and  thus  also  it  is  advantageous  to  us 
to  seek  for  useful  things  among  enemies.  \  A  woman  falsely  adorned  is 
silly ,  and  wants  ornament.  \  Some  one,  observing  the  attire  of  a  young 
woman,  said,  The  feathers  are  more  precious  than  the  bird  itself  \ 
Although  a  horse  may  be  ornamented  with  a  gilded  bridle,  he  will  be 
the  better  for  it  not  a  whit 

Page  176.  A  pIsCe  pasCI,  aC  pasCere  pIsCeM,  hoC  s^epe 
ContIngere  soLet.  =     1754 

negotiator  In  oCeano  naVIgans,  JaCtatIone  naVIs  naUseA 
CreatA  eX  stoMACho  pIsCes,  qVIbUs  VesCebatUr,  eJeCerat;=     i  754 
CUI   eX   astantIbUs,   bene   gratUs    es,   aIt:    qVI  pIsCes    A 
qVeIs  totIes  pastUs  es,  parI  M0D0  nUtrIs.  =     1754 

i.e.  To  be  fed  by  fish,  and  to  feed  the  fishes,  are  two  things  closely  allied.  \ 
A  merchant  on  a  voyage  being  sick  through  the  motion  of  the  ship,  ejected 
from  his  stomach  the  fish  that  he  had  eaten  ;  \  one  of  the  bystanders  said, 
You  are  indeed grateful ;  with  the  fish  you  have  so  frequently  fed  on,  you 
in  like  manner  nourish  the  fishes. 

The  author  thus  propounds  many  a  maxim,  and  points  them  off 
with  anecdote  from  classical  or  recent  history,  or  an  occasional 
amusing  story;  he  then  changes  his  subject,  and  pronounces  an 
eulogy  on  a  great  number  of  illustrious  persons,  commencing  with 
Pope  Clement  vi.,  c  Gloria  universitatis  PragenaV  at 
Page  254.  CLeMens  seXtUs  hIC  appeLLatUr,  et  VIrtUs 
eJUs  pIetatIs  hoC  tItULo  reCtf,  sIgnIfICatUr.  =     1754 

et  qVIa  LaUDabILIter,  gLorIos^qVe  VIXIt,  In  rebUs  gestIs 
DIgnI:  LaUDatUr,  etc.  etc.  =1754 

i.e.  He  is  called  Clement  the  Sixth,  his  virtue  and  piety  are  rightly 
signified  by  the  title :  \  and  because  he  lived  laudably  and  gloriously,  he 
will  be  worthily  praised  in  the  things  he  has  done. 

The  Emperor  Charles  iv.  comes  next.     The  Emperor  Leopold  1. 
soon  follows  at 

Page  262.     LeopoLDo  prIMo  CesarI  eLogIa  fIant!  =     1754 

hUC  IgItUr  Vota  !  hUC  ChronographICa  VenIte  !  tItULos, 
appLaUsUs,  atqVe  enCoMIa  CanIte  IpsI  !  =     1754 

LeopoLDUs  aLpha  !  aUstrI^e,  et  eJUs  aUgUsive  gentIs 
pretIosUs  UnIo  !  aVItje,  et  patern^e  stIrpIs  gLorIa  ! 
ferDInanDeje  pIetatIs  effIgIes  !  =     1754 

LeopoLDUs  patrLe  pater  ;  oCULUs  teVtonIC^  gentIs  ; 
benIgnItatIs  et  pIetatIs  pUpILLa,  qVa  regna  gaUDent, 
ChrIstIanI  orbIs  obeLIsCUs;  =     1754 

hIC  feLICItate  eXCeLsUs  A  sanCto  prIMo  atqVe  feLICIano 
sUos  nataLes  orsUs  est,  Ut  aUgUrIa  prosperItatIs  haberet, 
etc.  etc.  =     1754 

i.e,  Let  eulogies  be  made  to  Leopold  1. 1  \  hither  therefore  with  our  offer- 


436  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC. 

ings  !  come  hither  ye  chronograms  and  sing  his  titles,  his  applauses,  and 
encomiums !  \  Leopold  the  '  alpha '  (A)  0/ Austria,  the  valued  union  of 
his  august  nation  !  the  glory  of  his  ancestral  and  paternal  lineage!  the 
image  of  the  piety  of  Ferdinand!  \  Leopold,  the  father  of  his  country  :  the 
eye  of  the  Teutonic  nation  ;  the  pupil  {of  the  eye)  of  kindness  and  piety 
wherein  kingdoms  rejoice,  the  obelisk  of  the  Christian  world;  \  He,  high 
in  felicity,  took  his  natal  day  from  Saints  Primus  and  Felicianus  (the 
gthjune),  so  that  he  might  have  an  augury  of  prosperity.  The  original, 
not  here  transcribed,  continues  thus — Among  the  Lions  (Leones)  scarcely 
was  one  stronger  than  Leopold,  who  could  by  right  and  by  law  govern 
and  reign  on  the  throne  of  the  empire.  He  shines  as  the  sun  among  the 
planets ;  so  among  the  Leopolds  of  the  noble  Austrian  lineage,  Leopold 
glitters  by  his  own  virtue. 

The  Empress  Maria  Theresia  is  highly  praised  at  page  288 — 
MarIa    theresIa  !    In    arDUo    VIrtUs  :    qVm    eX    Integro 
sUperaVIt  hostILIa  beLLI  fLUenta.  =     1754 

CoLUMBA  EST,   qVjE  RETULlT  ARCiE  CZECHMM  GLORlOSiE  paCIs 

oLIVas,  serVaVItqVe  qVIetjE  prosperItatIs  JUra.  ==     1754 

pharUs  tUta,  et  fortVnata  est,  UbI  resIDet  resIstentIa 
fortIs,  si  VenIant,  et  assUrgant  tUrbInes  MarIs,  atqVe 
fUrentes  PRoCELLiE.  =     1754 

paLLas  UnIVersItatIs  pragensIs  est,  qVIa  DoCtrInas  In  ea 
aUget,  Ut  IgnorantLe  tenebras  noVIs  sapIentI/e  arMIs 
eXstIrpet,  etc.  etc.  =     1754 

i.e.  Maria  Theresia  !  virtue  in  difficult  circumstances;  who  again  over- 
came the  hostile  floods  of  war.  \  She  is  the  dove  who  brought  back  the  olive 
branch  of  glorious  peace  to  the  Czech  (Bohemian)  ark,  and  preserved  the 
rights  of  quiet  prosperity.  \  She  is  a  safe  and  fortunate  beacon,  where 
there  is  safe  resistance  if  the  whirlpools  of  the  sea  and  furious  storms 
should  approach.  \  She  is  the  Mineiva  of  the  University  of  Prague,  she 
increases  learning  in  it,  she  eradicates  the  darkness  of  ignorance  by  the 
new  weapons  of  wisdom,  etc.  etc. 

A  certain  excellent  doctor  of  medicine  named  Low  or  Low  is 
greatly  eulogised  at  page  301,  under  the  figurative  appellation  of  Leo, 
a  lion,  following  the  German  word  for  that  so-called  noble  animal. 
MeDICI  LeonIs  eLogIa  Lege!  =     1754 

DoCtorIs  In  Lege  prjESEntIa  enCoMIa  n£  tege!  =s     1754 

fortIs  est,  si  qVIs  sCIt  graVes  Morbos  CUrare  :  fortIs, 
si  sCIt  pestIs  InfeCtIones  VItare:  fortIs,  si  sCIt  pro  se, 
et  iEGROTls  herbas  parare  :  fortIs,  si  sCIt  sanos  serVare: 
fortIs,  si  noVIt  patIentes  In  spe  roborare,  et  gratIosI: 
reCreare.  =     1754 

fortIs  parIter  est,  si  sCIt  JUs  CUIqVe  trIbUere  :  fortIs, 
si  sCIt  VIDUas,  et  pUpILLos  protegere:  fortIs,  si  sCIt 
Dona,  et  pcenas  erogare  :  fortIs,  si  sCIt  t  ferIs  agnos 
faCere;  =     1754 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC  437 

Is  CzeChICUs  Leo  est,  toga  In  sYrMate  bICeps,  UtrIUsqVe 
LegIs  professor,  sCIens  qVa  eXpertUs  bonas  ConseqVentIas 
prjEstare.  =     1754 

ItaqVe   VIrtUtes,    et    artes    IpsIUs,    nobILIs    eqVItIs   ab 
erLsfeLD  tItULo  et  honore,  reMUneratjb  fUerUnt.         =     1754 
DIVItes  et  paUperes  pro  necessitate  bon^  saLUtIs  Magna 
aUXILIa  IpsIUs  erant  eXpertI.  =     1754 

hUJUs  CUrA  aC  operA  anno  MILLeno,  septIes  Centeno,  bIs 
qVInto  et  qVarto,  pestIfera  LUes  In  patrIjE,  et  regnI 
nostrI  terrIs  grassans  feLICIter  est  eXtInCta.  =a     1754 

prjbCLarUs   hIC   arChIater   faCULtatI    sILe   qVater,    qVA 
UnIVersItatIs  pragen^  reCtor  MagnIfICUs  pr^fUIt.        =     1754 
MerItIs,  et  senIo  ConfeCtUs,  LIbItIn^  pro  tot,  qVot  faLCI 
IpsIUs  erIpUIt,   Ipse  UnUs  Longa   sILe  jEtate  ContentUs, 
LIbenter  CessIt.  =     1754 

Ita  eXUerat   noMen  LeonIs,    non   Ver6   fortes  VIrtUtes, 
qVI  peLLes  sUas  oVInas  LIbItInjb  patIenter  Donarat.      =     1754 
anno   DeCIes   septIes  Centeno,  VIgeno   qVInto,   In  InItIo 
MartII:  seneX  In  theorIa,  atqVe  praXI  perItUs.  =     1754 

t\e.  Read  ye  the  eulogy  of  a  medical  Lion  I  \  Do  not  hide  the  present 
praise  of  a  Doctor  in  Law  I  \  He  is  strong  who  knows  how  to  cure 
great  diseases  ;  who  knows  how  to  avoid  the  infection  of  the  plague  ;  who 
knows  how  to  prepare  herbs  for  himself  and  for  the  sick;  who  knows 
how  to  preserve  the  healthy ;  to  strengthen  with  hope  the  patient,  and 
restore  gratuitously.  \  He  is  equally  strong  who  knows  how  to  give  each 
man  his  right  due;  who  knows  how  to  protect  the  widows  and  children, 
and  to  appropriate  rewards  and  punishments,  to  take  the  lamb  from  the 
wild  beast :  \  He  is  the  Lion  of  the  Czechs  {Bohemians),  two-headed  in 
the  long  robe,  the  professor  of  both  kinds  of  law,  learned,  knowing  how 
professionally  to  bring  good  results.  \  TJierefore  his  virtues  and  his  skill 
were  rewarded  with  the  title  and  honour  of  noble  knight  of  Erlsfeld.  \ 
The  rich  and  poor  in  their  necessity  for  good  health  experienced  his  great 
help.  I  By  his  care  and  assistance  in  the  year  17 14  the  plague  raging  in 
the  country  and  in  the  lands  of  our  kingdom  was  extinguished.  \  He  was 
four  times  the  renowned  chief  physician  of  his  Faculty,  in  which  he  pre- 
sided as  the  distinguished  Rector  of  the  University  of  Prague.  \  Full 
of  years  and  honours,  he  himself  as  one  content  with  long  life,  freely 
yielded  it  to  Libitina  [the  goddess  of  funerals]  in  exchange  for  so  many 
lives  he  snatched  from  her  sickle.  \  Thus  he  put  off  the  name  of  Lion,  but 
not  indeed  his  strong  virtues,  he  who  had  patiently  given  his  sheep-skins 
to  Libitina  (?)  I  In  the  year  1725,  on  the  1st  of  March,  being  old 
in  science  and  skilled  in  action. 

Many  curious  subjects  must  be  passed  over.    At  page  316  we  find 
mention  of  the  things  to  be  on  your  guard  against,  '  cavenda ' — 
CaVe  tIbI  :  A  ChYMICo  paUpere  :  ab  arChIatro  jEGRoto  :  A 
sCeLestI  VIrI  sUbItanea  Ira  :  aC  A  stULto  Insano,  ft  VeXIs 
IrrItato;  =     1754 


1 


43*  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC. 

ab  oDIo  potentIs  :  A  faLsIs  fratrIbUs  :  A  Cane,  qVI  sIne 
strepItU  serVIt  :  ab  hoMIne,  qVI  non  LoqVItUr,  et  sensUI 

PROPRlO   InHjERET:  s=       1754 

k  fUrIbUs  et  eorUM  sorte:  k  noVa  popIna:  k  rIXIs 
noCtUrnIs  :  A  strIge  annosa  :  ab  opInIone  arbItrI  :  k 
DUbItatIone  arChIatrI:  =     1754 

k  reCIpe  apotheCarII  :  at  etC^tera  notarII  :  A  perVersItate 

VetUL*  :   AB   InUtILI  fLetU,  PLANCTUQVE  iNANl  InVETERATjE 

MeretrICIs:  =     1754 

A  faLsItate  negotIatorIs  :  A  fUre  DoMestICo  :  A  serVa  qVjE 
In  serVItIa  reVertIt:  A  fUrore  tUrbjE  atqVe  popULI.  =  1754 
i.e.  Beware  of  a  poor  chemist;  a  sick  physician ;  the  sudden  anger  of  a 
wicked  man;  and  of  a  fool  insane  and  provoked  by  troubles ;  \  Of  the 
hatred  of  a  powerful  man  ;  of  false  brethren;  of  a  dog  that  watches 
without  barking;  of  a  man  that  does  not  speak  and  adheres  to  his  own 
reasoning;  \  Of  thieves  and  all  of  their  lot ;  of  a  new  cook-shop;  of 
nocturnal  quarrels  ;  of  an  old  screech-owl  (quitch  ?)  ;  of  the  opinion  of  an 
umpire ;  of  the  hesitation  of  your  physician ;  \  Of  the  recipe  of  an 
apothecary ;  of  the  et-cetera  of  a  notary ;  of  the  perversity  of  an  old 
woman;  of  the  useless  lamentation  and  empty  wailing  of  an  inveterate 
harlot;  \  Of  the  falsity  of  a  tradesman  ;  of  a  domestic  thief ;  of  a  female 
servant  who  returns  to  servitude ;  of  the  fury  of  the  mob  and  of  the 
people. 

The  author  is  severe  on  the  fair  sex  in  the  matter  of  beauty, 
devoting  7  pages  and  63  chronograms  to  the  subject,  '  De  pulchritu- 
dine/  fairly  viewed  from  opposite  points,  thus — 
fjeMInjE    si    fIDas   tUa    seCreta,    breVI   taLIa   patefIent, 
sUbVertentUr,  rUentqVe  Ut  fragILIa  VItra.  =     1754 

FiEMlNiE        PliE        SAPlENTES        HONESTY        ET       BELLjE,       SERENE 

spLenDent  Instar  steLLas.  =     1754 

negotIa  In  ManIbUs  pUELLiE  sUnt  qVasI  tenerI  fLores, 
sIVe  aVes,  qVIbUs  Infans  LUDIt.  =     1754 

seXUs  FiEMlNlUs  In  negotIIs  orDInarIIs,  qVm  Intra 
prIVatos  parIetes  agItantUr,  IngenIosos  ConCeptUs  habet.=  1754 
i.e.  If  you  should  trust  your  secrets  to  a  woman,  they  will  soon  be 
published  and  perverted;  they  will  come  to  ruin  like  a  fragile  glass.  \ 
Women  who  are  pious,  wise,  honest,  and  beautiful,  shine  serenely  like 
stars.  I  Business  affairs  in  the  hands  of  a  girl,  arex  as  it  were,  tender 
flowers,  or  birds  with  which  a  child  plays.  \  The  female  sex,  in 
ordinary  affairs  of  business  which  are  managed  tvithin  their  own  houses, 
possess  a  clever  understanding. 

Instruction  in  great  variety  abounds  in  the  next  fifty  pages  for 
those  who  are  fond  of  the  antiquated  method  of  teaching  by  maxims 
and  proverbs.  In  the  present  day,  the  subject,  although  curious,  is 
doubtless  tedious,  even  in  chronogram,  so  we  pass  on  to  page  373, 
where  a  fact,  indeed  almost  a  secret,  awaits  the  observation  of  a 
careful  reader,  the  name  of,  and  a  few  particulars  concerning  the 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC  439 

author.  A  careless  bookbinder  might  have  exercised  his  propensity 
for  excessive  cropping  and  shaving  the  edges,  and  so  have  destroyed 
the  two  words,  *  De  authore,'  which  stand  as  a  marginal  note  to  direct 
the  reader's  attention  to  the  only  mention  of  the  authorship  of  the 
work.  It  stands  thus  in  the  outer  margin  of  the  original  print — 
Joannes  rUDoLphUs  sporCk  natUs  est  In  Urbe  pragensI,  i 

baptIzatUsqVe  A.  reLJgIoso  InstItUtI  rosarIanI,  VIgena  et 
septenA  MartII,  =     1754 

anno  MILLeno  seXIes  Cento  sUpraqVe  nonagInta  qVInto, 
In  festo  sanCtI  rUpertI  epIsCopI  saLIsbUrgensIs  baVarje, 
aC  norIGe  gentIs  apostoLI:  =     1754 

progenItUs  eX  parentIbUs  qVI  fU£re,  ferDInanDUs  pater 
apoLLonIa  genItrIX,  stIrpIs  De  sporCk.  =     1754 

nUnC  CrUX  seXta  prjBterItos  annos  sIgnIfICat.  De  hoC 
arborIs  LIgno  pater  ^ternUs  nobIs  peregrInIs  pontes  pro 
VIa  PATRliE  CeLestIs  jeDIfICet.  ==     1754 

DeUs  PRiESTET  rUDoLpho!  Vt  VIVat  pro  gLorIa  DeI;  et 
parentIbUs  LUX  fULgeat  jeterna!  =1754 

JesUs  fILIUs  iETERNl  patrIs  Ista  LargIatUr  !  MarIa, 
Joseph,  Joannes,  atqVe  rUDoLphUs  gLorIosI  patronI  Ista 
eXorent  !  =     1754 

i.e.  Concerning  the  author  of  the  book.— John  Rudolph  Sporck  was  born 
in  the  city  of  Prague,  and  was  baptized  by  a  *  religious '  (a  professed 
member)  of  the  institute  of  the  Rosary  on  the  2*j)h  of  March  \  in  the 
year  1695,  |  on  the  festival  of  Saint  Rupert,  Bishop  of  Salzburg,  the 
apostle  of  the  Noric  and  Bavarian  nation  ;  \  Born  of  parents  who  were, 
Ferdinand  his  fatlur,  Apollonia  his  mot/ter,  of  the  lineage  of 
Sporck.  I  Now  the  sixth1  cross  signifies  the  years  gone  by.  From  this 
wood  of  the  tree*  may  the  Eternal  Father  build  for  us  strangers 
bridges  as  our  road  to  the  celestial  abodes.  \  May  God  stand  before 
Rudolph  I  so  that  he  may  live  for  the  glory  of  God,  and  that  eternal 
light  may  shine  on  his  parents!  \  May  Jesus,  the  son  of  the  Eternal 
Father,  bestow  these  benefits  /  May  Mary,  Joseph,  John,  also  Rudolph, 
all  glorious  patrons,  also  entreat  for  them  I 

On  the  same  page  with  the  foregoing  particulars  concerning  the 
author,  the  '  Fabulae '  commence.     This  is  the  first — 
rana  VoLens  et  optans  esse  Magna,  Ut  granDIs  bos  sagI- 
natUs,  Ita  sTULxk  VoraVerat,  qVoUsqVe  CrepUIsset.        =     1754 
i.e.  A  fable. — A  frog,  willing  and  wishing  to  be  great  as  a  fat  ox, 
foolishly  devoured,  so  that  lie  burst  himself. 

In  the  78  pages  which  next  follow,  we  find  another  series  of 
adages,  anecdotes,  histories,  and  sundry  remarks.  At  page  442  he 
thus  alludes  to  the  city  of  Milan,  the  shrine  of  St.  Carlo  Borromeo  in 
the  cathedral,  the  colossal  statue  of  him  which  may  be  seen  at  the 

1  Meaning  six  times  the  letter  X  =  6o  years  from  his  birth  in  1695  to  the  date  of  his 
book  in  1754.  *  Meaning  the  Cross. 


44o  CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC 

present  day  overlooking  Lago  Maggiore  at  Arona,  and  the  supposed 
floating  islands — 

Urbs  MeDIoLanensIs  Vasta,  ossa,  atqVe  eXUVIas  beatI 
CaroLI  antIstItIs  sUI  serVat.  =     1754 

has  habet  saCra  CatheDraLIs  eCCLesIa  granDIs  gothICo 
Labore  ereCta.  =     1754 

stat  hospltale,  id  charltas  borromiea,  peste  grass  ante, 
pro  egeno  et  iegroto  fecit.  =     1754 

IpsIVs  pIo  eXeMpLo  aLIa  hospItaLIa  sUCCessere,  IbI 
Corpore  ^grotI,  In  sensU  LjesI,  In  InteLLeCtU  tUrbatI 
sanantUr.  =     1 754 

In  VICInIa  aronje  beatI  CaroLI  borrows  artIfICIosa 
effIgIes  Ingens,  UtI  tVrrIs  ConspICItUr,  In  statUra 
CoLossI  eX  jERe.  =     1754 

NON    PROCUL    ABlNDE     HABENTUr    iNSULiE     BORROMiEiE,     sIVe 

natantes,  qVIa  fIXe  non  stant,  at  agItantUr,  et  IrrItat-* 
qVasI  natant.  =     1754 

At  page  444  the  Clementine  College  at  Rome  is  mentioned, 
1  De  Collegio  Clementino  Romae' — 

nobILIs  et  VastUs  CoLLegII  CLeMentInI  ConVICtUs  In 
Urbe  ab  aUthore  sUo  Ita  VoCatUr.  =     1754 

qVIa  eJUs  aUthor  profUsUs  benefaCtor,  LIberaLIs  faUtor, 
aC  CLarUs  patronUs  erat  papa  CLeMens  oCtaVUs.  =     1754 

Is  LoCUs  est,  UbI  sCIentIfICa  et  artes  LIberaLes  DoCentUr, 
atqVe  AssIDUfe  opera  pIetatIs  eXCoLUntUr.  =     1754 

At  page  448  the  author  prepares  to  take  leave  of  his  readers,  and 
commences  by  giving  thanks  for  the  position  to  which  he  has  attained, 
in  the  following  words — 

Gntumiiu  gratIas  tIbI  ago  sanCta  trInItas  !  pro  hoC  ;  qVIa  k 
a2X3L  parentIbUs  CathoLICIs  nobILIs  natUs,  et  sanCtI, 
spIrItUs  gratIa  In  baptIsMate  tInCtUs  eXIsto.  =     1754 

qVIa  eX  InfInIta  gratIa  atqVe  benIgnItate  gregI  aC  ser- 
VItIo  tUo  Me  aggregAstI,  presbIteraLI,  UtI  et  epIsCopaLI 
CharaCtere  tIbI  ConseCrAstI —  =     1754 

et   benefICIIs   atqVe   offICIIs   spIrItUaLIbUs   pro    honore 
gLorIaqVe  tUa  CUMULAstI,  et  CLero  tUo  asCrIpsIstI.    =     1754 
In    InfIrMItatIbUs    aUXILIa    porreXIstI,    De    perICULIs 
benIgnI;  erUIstI.  =     1 754 

pro  VIta  Longa,  sanItate,  perseVerantIa,  proportIone, 
nUtrIMento,  LIngVa,  stUDIo,  eXperIentIa,  artIs  perItIa, 
et  opIbUs  pro  neCessItate.  =     1754 

i.e.  The  author's  acts  of  thanks. — I  offer  thanks  to  thee,  O  holy  Trinity  ! 
for  this;  because  born  of  Catholic  parents  of  noble  birth9 1  exist,  washed 
by  baptism,  by  the  grace  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  \  Because  of  thine  infinite 
grace  and  kindness,  thou  hast  brought  me  into  thy  flock  and  service,  hast 
consecrated  me  to  thyself  by  the  priestly  and  episcopal  mark,  \  and  hast 
heaped  on  me  favours  and  spiritual  duties  for  honour  and  glory,  and 


J 


CANCER  CHRONOGRAPHICk,  ETC  441 

enrolled  me  among  thy  clergy,  \  Thou  hast  extended  help  to  me  in  my 
infirmities,  thou  hast  mercifully  plucked  me  out  of  dangers.  \  For  my 
long  life,  health,  perseverance,  symmetry,  nutriment,  speech,  study,  ex- 
perience, skill  in  art,  and  wealth  proportioned  to  my  need  [7  offet 
thanks']. 

The  author  continues  his  devout  thoughts  in  chronogram  for 
another  page,  and  declares  this  farewell  on  page  449 — 
aMICe,  atqVe  beneVoLe  LeCtor  !   eX   hIs  ChronographICIs 
hUJUs  annI  approba  qVm  potes,  CorrIge  pro  LIbItU  errata, 
et  VaLe.  =     1754 

/.*.  O,  my  friend  and  benevolent  reader,  out  of  these  chronograms  of  this 
present  year  (1754),  approve  of  what  you  can,  correct  errors  at  thy 
liking,  and  so  farewell 

But  he  has  not  yet  finished.  He  fills  three  more  pages  with 
1  Chronographica  omissa  in  prseterito  tomo,  enarrant  res  rariores  in 
bibliotheca  et  scriniis  authoris  collectas  et  contentas.'  Thirty  chrono- 
grams follow,  concerning  an  equal  variety  of  subjects ;  and  at  page 
452  the  real  conclusion  is  in  these  words — 

In  IstIs  IgItUr  oMnIbUs  CreatUrIs  honoretUr,  atqVe 
VeneretUr  benIgnUs  noster  Creator  DeUs.  =     1753 

i.e.  Chronograms  which  have  been  left  out  of  the  foregoing  pages  of 
this  volume.  They  interpret  some  uncommon  things  in  the  library, 
picked  up  and  put  away  in  the  paper-boxes  (' pigeon-holes ')  of  the  author. 
The  last  chronogram  is — In  all  these  created  things  let  God,  our  benig- 
nant Creator,  be  honoured  and  worshipped. 

Here  ends  the  book,  a  very  treasury  of  thought,  fact,  and 
events,  fun  and  sadness,  piety  and  precept,  all  put  together  with 
but  a  slight  attempt  at  arrangement,  forwards  and  backwards :  sub- 
jects which  the  author  had  apparently  disposed  of  in  earlier  pages 
taken  up  again  in  later  ones,  as  if  in  imitation  of  the  irregular  pro- 
gress of  a  crab,  so  prominently  and  quaintly  expressed  on  the  title- 
page,  and  faintly  represented  in  the  subjoined  ornament. 


3* 


THE    ROSARY. 


>NOTHER  rare  book  in  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter 
Begley  has  an  ornamentally  engraved  title-page,  and 
this  title  in  the  centre,  *  Iardim  anagrammatico  de 
divinas  flores  Lusitanas,  Hespanholas,  e  Latinas  contem 
••cfcis  centos  e  sitenta  &  tres  Anagrammas  emprosa  & 
verso,  &  seis  hymnos  chronologicos,  dividese  em  seis  opusculos 
nastres  linguas  consagrase.  Ao  supremo  consehoda  sancta  &  geral 
inquisica  destes  Reynos  &  Senhorios  de  Portugal.  Autor  Alonso 
de  Alcala  y  Herrera  natural  da  Inclyta  cidade  de  Lisboa.'  (Lisbon, 
1654,  pp.  306.  40.) l  It  is  the  only  work  I  have  met  with  bearing  upon 
the  subject  of  chronograms,  written  in  the  Portuguese  language,  and 
the  contents  are,  without  doubt,  the  most  intricate.  Anagrams  are 
a  very  prominent  feature;  the  foregoing  title  says  there  are  683. 
Many  of  them  are  of  unusual  length,  and  one  is  composed  of  233 
letters.  Some  of  the  anagrams  are  in  sets  of  ten  sentences,  each  one 
being  formed  out  of  one  and  the  same  program  and  in  chronogram.2 
The  simple  anagrams  are  mostly  in  the  Portuguese  language,  the 
chron-anagrams  are  in  Latin,  the  date  is  made  by  the  usual  seven 
Roman  numeral  letters ;  in  addition  to  this  the  author  uses  all  the 
small  letters  of  some  of  the  chronogram  sentences  to  produce  an 
appropriate  numerical  result,  by  means  of  their  value  according  to 
the  old  Greek  or  Latin  alphabetical  method  of  numeration,  in  which 


1  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy  of  the  work  than  this  one  now  mentioned.  It  is  to 
be  inferred  that  the  author  was  a  merchant  at  Lisbon,  and  that  his  service  done  to  the 
cause  of  religion  by  the  publication  of  the  work  was  highly  esteemed  by  the  clergy. 

3  The  term  chron-anagram  is  applied  to  such  compositions  ;  they  are  not  uncommon  as 
single  or  double  versions,  but  the  present  examples  of  ten  made  on  one  '  program '  are  pro- 
bably unparalleled. 


THE  ROSARY.  443 

all  the  letters  are  used  as  numerals.  Some  of  the  chronogram 
sentences  are  composed  so  that  the  number  of  letters  therein  should 
have  some  special  significance,  and  with  this  purpose  before  him 
the  author  has  adopted  the  Rosary  of  the  Virgin  Mary  as  his  theme 
throughout  the  work.  The  words  '  rose '  and  '  rosary '  constantly 
occur,  and  the  number  of  beads  of  which  it  is  composed  (he  says 
165)  is  used  to  regulate  the  number  of  letters  or  lines,  either  as  an 
integral  or  in  sub-divisions  of  10  or  5.  For  instance,  hymns  con- 
tain 165  letters  and  10  lines;  the  'mysteries'  are  arranged  in  series 
of  5  each  with  three  more,  to  the  number  of  63,  corresponding  to  the 
age  of  the  Virgin  Mary ;  the  number  5  also  represents  the  number  of 
letters  in  the  names  JESUS,  MARIA,  JOSEP  (not  counting  the  final 
letter  h).  It  seems  that  the  author  wrote  or  commenced  his  work 
in  the  'happy*  year  1651 ;  the  165  beads  of  the  rosary  are  a  tenth 
part  of  that  number.  The  620  simple  anagrams  (not  properly 
belonging  to  my  subject)  are  combined  with  many  intricate  allu- 
sions to  the  rosary,  to  the  saints  and  to  the  martyrs.  Taken  as  a 
whole,  the  book  presents  a  marvellous  example  of  patience  and 
ingenuity,  while  every  page  contains  expressions  of  the  devotional 
feeling  of  the  author  towards  the  received  beliefs  of  the  Roman 
Catholic  Church. 

As  regards  the  chronograms  they  do  not  compare  well  with  good 
standard  compositions ;  they  are  too  diffuse,  they  contain  too  many 
words  having  no  numeral  letter,  they  do  not  mark  the  date  of  any 
event  other  than  the  period  when  the  author  composed  his  work. 
I  do  not  mention  these  defects  to  disparage  the  chronograms,  because 
the  author  explains  the  singular  use  he  makes  of  the  apparently  idle 
words,  and  that  he  always  employs  five  out  of  the  seven  numeral 
letters  to  illustrate  the  more  frequently  his  mystical  number  5,  while 
it  is  obvious  that  by  rarely  using  the  remaining  two  numeral  letters 
D  and  M,  he  avoids  bringing  his  chronogram  to  an  early  conclusion 
when  he  requires  a  verbose  sentence. 

Some  of  the  tailpieces  and  ornaments  in  the  original  print  are 
rough  woodcuts  representing  flowers  and  roses,  further  illustrating 
the  leading  idea  of  the  rosary.  With  this  partial  description  of  the 
work  I  proceed  to  extract  such  portions  as  are  appropriate  to  my 
particular  subject  of  chronograms.  The  explanations  printed  in 
italics  on  the  next  and  following  pages  are  derived  from  the  Latin 
original  of  the  author. 


444 


THE  ROSARY. 


*T"^HE  work  is  divided  into  several  parts  or  sections ;  passing  over 
X  those  which  are  unchronogrammatic,  the  4th  part,  'Quarto 
Opusculo,' is  reached  at  page  183;  it  bears  this  title, — 'Hymnodia 
chronologica  Jesu,  Marias,  et  Joseph  Trinitati  Orbis  dicata.  Pariter, 
et  chronologica  trium  et  sexaginta  Anagrammatum  Corona  ipsimet 
Hymnodiae  literis  contexta  Deiparae  Rosarii  Virgini  Caelorum  Reginae 
consecrata.' 

The  first  chronogram  is  at  p.  193,  under  this  title — 

Hymnodia  chronologica. 
Instar  Sylvae  Oratio,  seu  Hymnus  ad  Deiparam  Sacratissimi  Rosarii. 
In  this  first  hymn  the  crown    s  aLVe  ara  trIna, 

rosarII  saCra  regIna, 
ET  SPES  nostra: 
PORTA,    ET   PARENS   VERlTATlS 
MONS,   ET   ARBOR   PlETATlS, 
pVrItatIs  FONS,  ET  ROSA 
nos  tVere  ab  HOSTE, 
tVrrIs  portentosa, 
A  CVnCtIs  perICVLIs, 
LIbera  gLorIosa. 

et   cadentiis 


of  Christ  is  woven  in  10  verses > 
and  165  letters  {which  last 
number  is  one-tenth  part  of  the 
then  present  year^  the  date  of 
the  work  1 65 1 )  and  agrees  with 
the  number  of  beads  in  the 
Rosary  of  the  Virgin  Mary. 

The  32  Roman  numerals 
make  the  year  1651. 

Alius  ad  Deiparam  hymnus,  ipsis  consonantibus 
contextus. 

This  second  hymn  consists  of 
1  o  verses  and  172  letters.  The 
rosary  of  the  Virgin  is  repre- 
sented {as  in  theforegoinghymn) 
by  165,  the  remaining  7  repre- 
sent the  seven  sad  and  joyful 
mysteries  of  Saint  Joseph. 

The  32  Roman  numerals 
make  the  year  165 1. 


=     1651 


aVe  Mare  et  aVLa  trIna 

PRiESTANS  PARENS,  AC  REGlNA, 

et  arbor  nostra. 
arCa,  et  honor  VerjtatIs, 
aVra  et  ara  pIetatIs, 
CglLI  et  pVrItatIs  rosa. 

NOS   ROSARII   ab   HOSTE, 

VIrgo  portentosa, 
et  orbIs  perICVLIs 


>=     1651 


PROTEGE  GLOAlOSA. 

Alius  ad  ipsam  Virginem. 
This  third  hymn  consists  of 
8  verses  and  114  letters  %  which 
are  thus  distributed — 
33   The  age  of  Jesus  Christ ; 
The  age    of  the    Virgin 
Mary; 

In  honour  of  the  mysteries 
of  the  rosary  ; 
In  reverence  to  the  three 
persons,  fesus,  Maryland 
Joseph. 
The    29    Roman  numerals 
make  the  year  1651. 


63 

3 
114 


aVe  soL,  et  VIrgo, 
trIna  CceLI  porta, 
rosarII  regIna, 
fons  et  spes  nostra. 

soLVe  VInCLa  reIs, 
profer  IesV  bona, 
Vt  per  te  saLVtIs 
CoroneMVr  gLorIa. 


►=     1651 


THE  ROSARY. 


445 


55 
£33 


aVe  CceLI  porta  pIa, 
LVCIs  aVLa,  paCIs  VIa, 

AVE   SPONSA  jETERNI   PATRls, 
SOROR   PARENS   IesV   FRATRls 

rosarII  saCra  regIna 
gratIa  protege  nos  trIna 
faVe  LargItate  MatrIs. 


Alius  hymnus  ad  Deiparam  ipsam, 
Thisfourthhymnconsists  off 
verses j  io  andg  times  that  num- 
ber of letters =  133,  of  which — 
15  In  the  first  verse  are  in 
reverence  to  the  mysteries 
of  the  rosary  ; 
In  observance  of  the  third 
part  of  the  same  rosary  ; 
The    age  of  the    Virgin 
Mary. 

The  32  numeral  letters  make 
the  year  1651. 

Alius  ad  ipsam  Dominam  ipsis  consonantibus,  seu  cadentiis  ornatus, 

This  fifth  hymn  consists  of  7 
verses  and  20  times  that  num- 
ber of  letter* =  140,  which  are 
thus  appropriated — 
55  To  the  third  part  of the ro- 
saryof "the  Virgin  Mary; 
63  To  her  age; 
15   To  thrice  the  mysteries  of 

the  rosary  ; 

7  In  reverence  to  the  mysteries 

of  Joseph  and  at  the  same 

time  to  the  years  of  the 

—    exile  of  him  and  the  holy 

*4°   family  in  Egypt. 

The  27  numeral  letters  make 
the  year  1651. 

Alius  hymnus  ad  D.  Joseph,  sponsum  virginis  Mariae. 
This  sixth  hymn,  consisting    saLVe  VIr,  et  pater 


=     1651 


aVe  aVe  VIrgo  pIa, 

gLorIjE  fons,  honor  et  VIa. 

aVe  sponsa,  et  fILIa  patrIs, 

soror    nostra,    et    parens 

fratrIs  y=     1 65 1 
aVe  rosarII  regIna, 
gratIa   absterge    nos   DeI 
trIna 
foVe  pIetate  MatrIs. 


of  12  lines  and  180  letters,  is 

happily  enriched  and  dedicated 

to  the  Virgin,  Jesus,  and  Joseph; 

of  these  letters — 
15  In  the  first  line  are  in  re- 
verence to  the  rosary  of  the 
mysteries  of  the  Virgin,and 

1 65  In  the  remaining  11  lines 
are  to  her,  as  well  as  to  the 

rosary  of  Jesus,  herself, 

1 80    and  her  husband. 


CVIVs  VIrga,  et  fLatVs 
VIrgInIs  ConsortIo 
foVet  honoratVs. 
Ioseph  IesV  gregIs 
pastor  es  notatVs 

■HONOR,   ET   SPONSiE, 
iETERNb    PARATVS. 

qVI  A  patrIs  fILIo 

PATER   ES   VoCATVs, 

faC  Vt  Dona  patrIs 


=     1651 


Donet  nobIs  natVs. 
In  the  first  2  lines  there  are  33  letters,  the  age  of  Christ  himself-    In 
the  $th,  $th,  nth,  and  nth  lines  (as  in  the  1st)  there  are  15  letters 
(leaving  out  the  letter  h),  each  line  pointing  to  the  15  mysteries  of  the 
rosary.     The  42  numeral  letters  make  the  year  1651. 


1 


446 


THE  ROSARY. 


The  idea  of  the  rosary  is  followed  in  the  arrangement  of  the  fifth 
part  of  the  work  'Quinto  opuscule,'  which  commences  at  page  199, 
and  bears  this  title — 

'  Chronologica  trium  et  sexaginta  anagrammatum  Corona  Deiparae 
rosarii  Virginis,  pro  numero  annorum  beatificae,  ac  gloriosae  aetatis 
suae,  ipsiusmet  hymnorum  Uteris  concinnata.' 

(There  are  six  hymns  composed  in  chronogram,  each  in  turn  is 
taken  as  the  '  program '  of  ten  chron-anagrams,  making  the  number 
sixty ;  then  the  first  hymn  is  repeated,  from  which  are  composed  three 
more  chron-anagrams,  making  in  all  sixty-three,  the  age  of  the  Virgin 
Mary,  and  all  producing  the  year  1651.  The  number  of  the  five 
mysteries  of  the  joys,  griefs,  and  glories,  is  interwoven  in  the  arrange- 
ment, and  acrostic  initial  letters  are  used,  introducing  the  names 
Jesus,  Maria,  Joseph.) 

Hymnus  primus. 

saLVe  ara  trIna, 
rosarII  saCra  regIna, 
et  spes  nostra: 

PORTA,   ET  PARENS   VERlTATlS, 

MONS,   ET  ARBOR  PlETATlS, 

PVRlTATlS    FONS,   ET   ROSA 
NOS  tVere  AB  HOSTE, 

tVrrIs  PORTENTOSA, 

A  CVnCtIs  perICVLIs, 

LIBERA   GLORlOSA. 

(The  ten  chronograms  following  are  anagrams  on  this  first  hymn, 
and  so  throughout  the  whole  series  of  hymns  which  afterwards  follow. 
Observe  the  acrostic  arrangement  of  the  initial  letters.) 

Quinque  incipiunt  Gaudiorum  Mysteria. 


>=     1651 


Incarnatio 


iesu 
risti. 


Visitatio 

B.  Virpnis 

Mans. 


3. 

Nativitas 

Domini 

nostri 


I. 


IesV  ChrIstI  parens,  pVrItatIs  rosa,  saLVe.  tV  rosarII 
gLorIa,  per  tot  rosas,  tot  oratIones  tVas  nos,  CVnCta 
nostra  a  terrore  libera  :  spes  nostras,  per  incarnatlonem 
fILII  reparatas,  sVb  pIetate  absterge.  =     1651 

2. 

Es  regIna  nostra,  ter  CLara  rosarII  porta,  spes,  ter  grata 

ROSA.      FONS    NOSTER   SaLVe.      TV   PER   VIslTATlONlS   LABORES, 

CharItate  nos  VIsIta:  tota  nostra  pete:  et  ab  oMnIbVs 
repara  perICVLIs  spIrItVs-sanCtI  rore.  =     1651 

3- 
spes   nostra,  tVrrIs   sanCta   pVrItatIs,   per   natIVItateM 
ChrIstI    CLara,    et    speCIosa,   ora   pro   nobIs.    0   VIrgo 
rosarII  gLorIa,   nos,   et  nostra   LIbera,   repara,   Vt   et 
IesVs  spes  nostras,  fe  terra  natas  LIbenter  foVeat,       =     165 1 


r 


THE  ROSARY, 


447 


Purifcado    ^T  pVrIfICatIo  tVa  (spIrItVs-sanCtI  aVrora,  et  sponsa) 

Deiparae.    |        SANA  SlT  NOBls  sCeLerVM  PVRGATlO,  ET  G  RAT  I A  NOS  LENlTER 

roret,  pete,  et  ora  pro  nobis  hera,  et  rosa  nostra,  a 
perICLIs  atratIs  seras  res  nostras  LIbera.  =     165 1 


Recesses 
Jesu 
pueri. 


6. 

Oratio 

et  sudor 

sanguinis 

in  bona 


8. 

Jesus 

spinis 

coronatus. 


-9- 
Jesus 

cruce 
oppressus. 


xo. 
Jesus 

crucifixus. 


Soror   nostra,   CLara    regIna   trInItatIs    es    tVrrIs,    ara 

PARATA,     HORTVS:     PVER     IesVS     EST     ROSA:     A     TE     TeMpLo 

reCessIt:  A  te  postea,  IbI  InVentVs  est.     Vt  nobIs  pro 
peCCatIs  non  absIt,  rora  gratIa  pLena  rosarII  fLores.= 

Mysteria  quinque 
Dolorosa. 


8. 


1651 


Mare  pVrItatIs,  Casta,  nostra,  aLba  IesV  rosa,  ne 
CerberVs  InfernaLIs  raptor,  nos,  et  nostra  tVrbet  et 
arrIpIat:  oCVLIs  aspICe  pIetatIs  per  saLVatorIs 
sangVInIs  aspersIones  teret  horto  grato  oratorIs.         =b     1 65 1 

7. 

Ara  trInItatIs,  rosarII  regIna,  Inter  spInas  rosa  IesVs 
fLageLLatVr  :  CrVore  sparso  roratVr.  tV  tota  MItIs, 
et  spes  tota  (ne  A  IesV  abstrahant  nos  sCeLera  nostra) 
sVb  pIetatIs  peCtore  reCIpe:  ora  pro  nobIs. 


=     1651 


Rosa  Iesse,  os  et  CapVt  IesV  regIs  CoLaphIs,  et  aLapIs, 
atrIo  perCVtItVr,   et  spInIs  atrIs  CoronatVr.     o  rosa 

FRAGRANS   ES   INTER   SPINAS  :   TERROR    ABsIt  :   NE   IRRVAT,  ORA  : 
LIBERA  NOS!   REPETE,   VT  ABSlNT  TOTA   NOSTRA   MaLa.  =       1 65 1 

9- 

IesVs  (0  ara  rosarII  pIa)  fVnIbVs  LIgatVr:  CrVCe  regIs 
hVMerI  pressI,  atrata  portant  sCeLera  nostra,  arbor 
spes  nostras  totas  aLIt  :  o  InIVsta  pLebs  atra  !  Ito 
trIstItIa  (rosa)  ora,  pete,  ne  noCens  erret  spont£,        =     1 65 1 

10. 

AgnVs  patrIs,  fLos  agrI,  IesVs  noster  In  patIbVLo  CrVCIs 
obIIt.     k  Latere  aperto,  nos  rorans  peLICanVs  aMorIs 

OSTENTATVR.      ROSA  IerICh6,  Nfe  PATER  ATRA  TERAT  TrIstItIa 

res  nostras  repara  sVb  pIetate  ROSAS.  =     1 65 1 


♦■•■♦ 


448 


THE  ROSARY. 


Hyt 


>=     165 1 


Jesu 

Christi 
resurrectio. 


Vtnnus  secundus. 
aVe  Mare,  et  aVLa  trIna, 

PRjESTANS  parens  aC  regIna, 

et  arbor  nostra. 
arCa  et  honor  VerItatIs, 

aVra,  et  ara  pIetatIs, 

G*LI,    ET   PVRlTATlS   ROSA. 
NOS  rosarII  ab  HOSTE, 
VIrgo  portentosa, 
et  orbIs  perICVLIs, 
protege  gLorIosa. 

Gloriosa  quinque  Mysteria 
11. 
IesV  resVrreCtIo  CeLebratVr:  Ipse  Intra  nos  pasCha  est. 
trIVMpho    nobILI,   tartareas    Latebras    terens,    VICtor 
ostentatVr.     sIt  oratIo  nostra,  s/EPi  gratIa,  pI£  rorata. 
ora,  age,  age,  o  rosarII  parens,  o  IanVa  apta  gLorLe.  =b     1 65 1 

12. 


Asoensio  |  °RB^S    LANGVORES    AGNVs  TERENS,   TROPHiEA    OSTENTAT  gLorIjE. 

Tesu,  I      abIIt,  VICta   Morte,   ne    ea    trahat    tartarea    sCeLera. 

Domtni  !        PEREAT    RAPTOR    SATA  TERENS,   ROSARII   VIRGO,   ARA   pIa,    IesV 

nostrl  ASCENSIO   pIe   CoLItVr  :   ORA   PRO   NOBls,    PVRlTATlS   ROSA,    sss 


13- 

Adventus 

Spiritus- 

Sancti. 


1651 


13. 


SpIrItVs-sanCtI  Igne,  o  CjeIA  aVrora,  et  ara  pIa,  o  et 
gLorIosa  regIna,  tota  rorata  es  preCes  nostras  paraCLItI 
gratIa  rora,  ne  ea  rVat,  et  sIren  serpens,  ab  otIo 
SjeVVs,  oMnIa  abstrahat,  et  tVrpI  obItVs  horrore 
repLeat.  =     1651 

14. 

X4-  .    ,  est  assVMptIo  tVa,  o  VIrgo,  tota  speCIosa  ;  In  ea  trIstItIa 

BfvSjpSfa  I        1^*  abIt  :    NlTENT    iETHER,  ASTRA   sVPERlORA  :    ANGELI   REPET- 

Man«.    I      vnt.     LVna  saCra,  regIna  soLe  pVLChrIor,  propera,  te* 

i      CoronaberIs.    o  beata  rosa,  rorata  gratIa,  sere  rosas.  =     165 1 

!  «5. 

PhILosopharI  In  CoronatIone  tVa,  o  saCra  parens,  tV  soLa 
reCtA:  at  neMo  poterIt:  tV  arbor  es  gLorLe:  aVrea  ab 
angeLIs  regIa,  ter  A  trInItate  serta  tIbI  paratVr.  pete 
rosarII  saCras  rosas,  iEGROS,  sanos,  pVrItate  tVerL       =     1651 

Mysteria  quinque  Gaudiorum. 
16. 
InCarnatIone  IesV  saLVatorIs  nItent  GffiLI,  terra  parIter, 
et  L*tItIa  hoMInes  :  propterea  grata  tota  ob  spes,  sVbeVnt 

HONORES.      AGE,    ERGO,    O    SACRA  VIRGO,    PLaCeAT    TIbI  ROSAS 

tVas  parare:  rosIs  rorare  prata  tVa  rosarII.  =     1651 


Detpane 

Virginia 
Coronatio. 


16. 

lncarnalio 

Domini 

nostri 

Tesu 

Christi. 


THE  ROSARY. 


449 


Visitatio 
Beats 
Virginis 
Marias. 


18. 

Natalis 

Jesn  Christi 

Domini 

Nostri. 


Deipane 

Virginia 

purincatio. 


pueri  Je 


21. 

Effusio 

sanguinis 

inborto. 


Jesus 
flagellatus. 


Jesus 

spinis 

ooronatus. 


17. 

ELICIT  In  VIsItatIone  tVa  (o  regIna)  CharItas  res  nostras. 
o  ter  beata  tV  Inter  MVLIres,  et  beata  VentrIs  tVI 
gLorIa!  o  Chara!  gratIa  pLena  rosa.  rosas  apta:  pro 
nobis  ora,  vt  rosls  sator  per&epe  reparet  jegra  corpora.  =     1 65 1 

18. 

SteLLa  MarIs,  rosa  ChrIstI  parens,  ab  Vtero  tVo  soL 
IVstItLe  ortVs  est.  ne  obrVat  Ira,  Creator  CreatVra 
ostentatVr.  C*LI,  terra,  honos,  gratIa  APPARATE  nItent. 
eIa  regIna,  eIa  pIa,  pIas  progere  rosas  :  age  :  ora  pro 
nobIs.  =1651 

19. 

VIta,  spes  nostra,  regIna,  et  patrIa  rosa,  L^etare.  pVrItatIs 
es  thronVs,  CreatorIs  GeLVM,  et  Ipse  sVper  braChIa 
tVa,  nota  tIbI  gLorIa.  o  pIetatIs  ara,  ora  pro  nobIs: 
rege  nos  :  oratIone  gratIa  rorata,  erVe  sCeLera  nostra.  = 

20. 

SaCra  aVrora  trIna,  soL  prjeCLarVs  sapIentIjE,  In  teMpLo 
A  te  reCessIt,  et  tIbI  postea  sapIenter  argVens,  repertVs 
est.  Ito  aVgVsta,  ora,  roga  pro  nobIs,  ne  ratIo  ea  ChrIstI 
LabIa  nostra  otIo,  Ira,  et  horrore  atra,  argVat.  =     1651 


Hymnus  Tertius. 
aVe  soL,  et  VIrgo, 

TRlNA   CeLI   PORTA 

rosarII  regIna, 
fons  et  spes  nostra. 
soLVe  VInCLa  reIs, 

PROFER   lESV  BONA, 

Vt  per  te  saLVtIs 
CoroneMVr  gLorIa. 

Dolorosa  quinque  Mysteria. 
21. 


1651 


►=    1651 


Mater,  fILIVs  tWs,  InnoCens  agnVs,  gLobI  sCeLera 
toLLens,  fVso  sangVIne  orat.  I,  o  pVra,  propera  e6. 
rosarIo  soLICIta,  Vt  TERRiE  erIpIat  errores.  =     1651 

22. 
ara  CarItatIs,  oLIVa  speCIosa,  frVCtVs  tWs  LorIs  pLen^ 
fLageLLatVr.     ne  MIserIIs  ^eterno  terrors  nos  pVnIat, 
generose  o  VIrgo,  ora  pro  nobIs.  =     165 1 

23- 

refVgII  fLos,  CIVItas,  ros,  IrIs,  seLLa  gLorLe,  IesV 
CapVt  repLetVr  sangVIne.  Leo  spInea  Corona  ostentatVr 
rosa:  ne  treMore  rVat,  ora  pro  nobIs.  =     1651 

3L 


45° 


THE  ROSARY. 


Jesus 
portans 

super 
humeros 
crucem. 


Jesus 

obiens 

crucis 

mortem. 


36. 

Christi 
resurrectio. 


Ascensio 
Jesu  Christi. 


Adventus 
Spiritus- 
SanccL 


A    *>    . 
Assumptio 
Deiparae 
Virginia. 


3°* 
Deiparae 

coronatio. 


24. 

IanVa  gLorIjB,  IesVs  A  LeonIno  regno  It  press  Vs.  CrVCIs 
LIgno  sCaLaM  fert  rosarII.  ora  pro  tenVI  popVLo,  Vt 
A  terra,  rIte  sVbeat  teneros  fLores.  =     165 1 

25. 
aVrora  ConsVrgens,  fLens  rosa,  sVrge,  soL  enIM  IVstItI/e, 
sane  ater,  CrVCIs  LIgno,  pro  VItIIs  popVLI,  Vere  obIt. 
o  rosa,  pro  terra  ora,  ne  fleat  late.  =     1 65 1 

Mysteria  quinque  Gloriosa. 
26. 
IesV  resVrreCtIone,  o  gLorIosa  VIrgo,  gLorIa  repLentVr 
oMnIa,  nobILIs  ea  CoLItVr  VICtorIa.    affer  spes  o  parens. 

VT  SANA   LiETETVR   SPES   NOSTRA.  =3       l6$I 

27. 

O  rosarII  VIrgo  In  asCensIone  fILII  tVI  Vis  GLoRliE 
sVbter  fLetVs  oCVLos  Mentes  LeVat.    o  saCra  LVna  ter 

PARENS,  PROPERA  RORA,  PROTEGE  NOSTRA. 

28. 

SpIrItVs-sanCtI  aVrora,  LIngVIs,  saCer  Mons  IgneVs 
ostentarIs,  ora  pro  nobIs.  affer  VeLLera  Cooperta  rore  : 
pLVe:  roseo  Igne,  LIttora  VItjE  LVe. 


=     1651 


=     1651 


29. 


eLeCta  Vt  soL,  fons  rosarII  rVre,  In  assVMptIone  tVa 
proprIe,  o  VIrgo,  ab  angeLIs  gLorIosa  VoCarIs.  rosas 
tene:  prjEfVLCI:  nostra  LenIter  tVere.  =     165 1 

PatrIs  fILIa.  rosa  natI  aLMa,  SpIrItVs-sanCtI  sponsa, 
egregIe  reLVCes  CoronatIone  Vero  oLeo  rVbro  pVrItatIs 
iEGROs  LVe:  renoVentVr  fLores.  =     1651 

(In  the  original  the  name  Iosep  in  the  foregoing  acrostic,  is  so 
printed  without  the  final '  aspirate '  letter  h.) 


Hymnus  quartus} 

AVE  CiELI  porta  pIa, 
LVCIs  aVLa,  paCIs  VIa, 

AVE   SPONSA  iETERNl   PATRlS, 
SOROR  PARENS   IesV  FRATRlS, 

rosarII  saCra  regIna 

gratIa  protege  nos  trIna 
faVe  LargItate  MatrIs. 


►  =     1651 


The  reader  is  reminded  of  the  anagrams  as  mentioned  at  page  446,  ante. 


THE  ROSARY. 


45* 


.    3X*   • 

lncarnatio 
Jesu  Christi 


3»- 
Viutatio 
DeiparsB 
Virginis 

ad 
Elisabeth. 


Nativitas  # 
Jesu  ChristL 


e      43* 
Sacro-sancti 

Deiparse 

purincatio. 


Gaudiorum  quinque  mysteria. 

IesV  fILII  tVI  InCarnatIone,  o  parens  arCa  Ipsa  pVrItatIs, 
sCaLa  GLoRliE,  pVra  CmLI  ara  renItes.  VIaM  apta  : 
rosarIa  profer:  gratas  res  nostras,  gratIa  protege 
sVaVes. 


=     1651 


3«- 


EnItent  (VIrgo)  prospera  VIsItatIone  tVa  aMor,  et 
CarItas.  Is:  aspIras  Ipsa:  spIras  rosarII  VIas:  Cognata, 
aC  fILIVs  aLVo,  L^tantVr,  mgra  repara,  arrIpe,  frange 
sCeLera. 


=     1651 


33. 


SaLVe  ara  pIa.  natIVItas  saCra  IesV  fILII  tVI  LjetIfICat 
oMnIa.  Ipse  prases  paCIs.  astra,  aC  terra  soLe  orto, 
ornantVr  pVrpVra.  regIna  nostra,  egregIa  sparge 
rosarIa.  = 

YIrgInItas,  aC  pVrItas  (o  ara  saCrata)  gLorIa  CoLItVr. 

AGNVs  TEMPLO  OFFERTVR.     SEN  IS  SPlRlTVs  RARA  PRiENVNTlAT: 
PRiEPARAS     EA.        ARA     ES :      AGE    PlA :      EIICIaS     AEREA     SOLIs 

nItore. 


35- 


Recessus 
Jesupueri. 


1  * 

Jesu  orans 
in  bono. 


Jesus 
flagellars. 


Jesus  spinea 

corona 
redimitus. 


1     3* 
Jesus  cruce 


165I 


=       1651 


SaCra  refVgII  CIVItas  IesVs  k  te  reCessIt:  teMpLo 
argVens,  post  InVenItVr;  Vt  sCeLera  toLLat,  I,  o  rosa, 

O  ARA   PlA  :    APTA  PARARl   iEGRA :    PRjEPARA  SANA  :    ORA   NlGRAS 

fInIrI  Iras.  =     1651 

Mysteria  quinque  Dolorosa, 
36. 
Mater  pIa  sanCm  speI,  fILIa  patrIs,  IesVs  agnVs  sparso 

sangVIne,    prostratVs    orat.       fLent    CiELI,     aC  terra 

parIter.  ne  VIgILI  Ira,  aVra,  rVat,  I,  o  rosa,  I,  age 
ora,  rosarIa  Cape.  =     1651 

37. 
aVe    regIna,    pVrItatIs    rosa.     IesVs     InnoCens,    VIrgIs 
fLageLLatVr:   atro  CrVore,   fons   ater  paret.      I,  rosa 
pIa  :   apta   perge,   Vt    jerarIa    rosarII   CapIas,   aC    aLIa 

PRiESTANTlSSlMA.  =       1651 

38. 

RegIna,  speCVLVM  CLarItatIs  iBTriRNjE,  IesVs  rosa  tVa, 
fILIVs  patrIs,  regIA  Veste,  spInea  CoronA  ornatVr. 
aCrIa  rIgat  atrIa.  I,  prospera,  o  sapIens,  fLa,  rIga. 
apta  rosarIa.  =     1651 

39. 

JLVSTlTliE     ROSA,     TER     PACIs    ARA,     IesVs     INNOCENS,     ANGORE, 

aLapIs,  A  proterVa  ILLa  sVperfatIgatVs  aLa,  It  araM 
CrVCIs  portans.  I,  perge,  ora,  Vt  pIa  gens,  rosarII 
ferat  jerarIa.  =     1 65 1 


45* 


THE  ROSARY. 


Chnstus 

cnicis 

patibulo 

crucifixus. 


Christi 
resurrectio. 


Ascensio 
Jesu  Christi. 


Adventus 
Spiritus 
Sancti. 


Assumrjtio 

B.  Virginia 

Mans. 


Deipara 

Virginis 
coronatio 
gloriosa. 


Incarnatio 
Jesu  Christi. 


40. 

ArCa  saLVans  ara  MIra,  pIetatIs  aVra,  IesVs  saLVator 
patItVr,  CrVCIs  LIgnI  pensVs  ara.      ora,  pro  passIone 

REPETE,    NOS    GRATIA    PRjETEGI,     ET    iETERNA    ROSARlI     GLORIA 

affICI.  =     165 1 

♦  ■•«♦ 

Hymnus  quintus. 
aVe,  aVe,  VIrgo  pIa, 

GLorLe  FONS,   HONOR,    ET  VIA 

aVe  sponsa,  et  fILIa  patrIs, 

soror  nostra,  et  parens  fratrls,  )►=     1651 

aVe  rosarII  regIna, 

gratIa  absterge  nos  DeI  trIna, 

foVe  pIetate  MatrIs. 

Gloriosa  quinque  mysteria. 
41. 
IanVa  sVaVItatIs,  IesVs  resVrgens,  opIbVs  gratLb  prosper^ 
regenerat  oMnIa.     terra  fLoret.     honos,  ASTRA  nItent. 
soL  fVgat  Ira  otIa.   I,   o    pIa,   eIa  o  DeIpara,   Integra 

ROSARlA  OFFER.  =       1 65 1 

42. 

O  tVrrIs  ebVrnea.  o  paraDIsI  sIne  InopIIs  porta.  agnI 
eLeVatIo,  parIter  eLeVat  anIMas.  Vt  gratI^e  thesaVrIs, 
foVeat,  protegat  nostra  FRANGE  ROSAS,  OFFER  eas,  o 
rosarII  regIna.  =     165 1 

43. 

SansonIs  DIVInI  es  (o  VIrgo)  faWs,  spIrItVs  ara  gratIa 
perpoLIta  :  eI  honores  pange  (Mater  gratIje)  ea  repLerIs, 

EA    NlTEAT.       O     aVRORA,    ROSAS    EFFER,     Vt    ORATlo    FRANGAT 
TENEBRAS  Or!!.  =       1 65 1 

44- 
Es    In    assVMptIone    tVa     (rosarII    VIrgo)    tota    rVbore 
sVaVItatIs  pLena,  fragrantIa  gLorIosa.    eIa,  o  DeIpara 
pIa,  eIa  speI  rosa  trIna,  thronVs  es  gratIa,  tene,  fer, 
offer,  rege  nostra.  =     1 65 1 

45- 

PHaretra  DIVInI  aMorIs,  roseIs  ornata  sertIs,  et  fLorIbVs 
VestIta,  GLoRliE  regIna  ostentarIs.  I,  rosa  pVra,  pIa 
ope,  rosarIo  faVe,  egena  nostra  gratIa  foVe,  et  pete, 
Vana  frangI.  =     1651 

Gaudiorum  mysteria  quinque. 
46. 
MlRA  trInItatIs  ara,  fILIVs  DeI  tVVs,  VoLVIt  narrarI 

FRATER,    SPlRlTVS    OPERE,   Vt    ESSES   (O    PARENS)    NOSTRA.       In 

agonIa  affer  Ipsa  bona,     ope  gratIa  tege.     oratIone  (o 
hera)  age:  age  o  rosa.  =     1651 


f 


THE  ROSARY. 


453 


VTsitatio 

B.  Virginia 

Mank 


Natovitas 
JesaChristl 


Pnrificatio 

B.  Vtijjinis 

Manse 


47- 
AVe  o  fILIa  patrIs,  fons  VIrgInItatIs.     VIsItatIone  tVa, 
eLIsabeth,  et  pVer  In  Vtkro,   rorantVr  gratIa  :  O  SPES 

ROSAS    SjEPE    AFFER.       ORA    O    ROSA    MAGNA,    DeI    AGl     OPERA, 

regnerarI  nostra.  =     165 1 

48. 

RegIna,  pVrItatIs  MargarIta,  fons  es  sIgnatVs.  In 
natIVItate  IesV  noVa  te  ostenDe  gratIa  :  ea  VenI,  esto 
hera  (o  fLos)  ora,  ope  rosarII,  fratres  fLorere,  opIbVs 
ararIa  propagarI.  =     1 65 1 

49. 

Inter  spInas,  pVrItatIs  rosa,  In  VIa  sapIentIjE  regIa  es, 
et  thronVs.  agnVs  a  te  fertVr.  I,  o  Vera  gratIa  :  ea,  nos 
ora  frVI  gLorIa  :  rosarIa  age  :  teMpLo  ea  Deo  offer 
pro  sanItate  orbIs.  =     1651 

So. 

AVLA   INGENS    GRATIjE,    EGRESSVs    EST    lESVs    ATE:    In    TEMpLo 

habItans,  a  te  repertVs  est.  rosarII  o  regIna,  o  fons, 
pro  fraternItate  ora.  o  pIa,  o  VIrgo,  te  frVI  para  :  ora 
aVara  fInIrI  oDIa.  =     1651 


Hymntis  sextus. 

saLVe  VIr,  et  pater, 
CVIVs  VIrga,  et  fLatVs, 
VIrgInIs  ConsortIo, 
foVet  honoratVs. 

Ioseph,  IesV  gregIs 
pastor  es  notatVs, 

HONOR  ET  SPONSiE, 
iETERNb   PARATVS. 

qVI  A  patrIs  fILIo, 

PATER   ES   VoCATVs, 

faC,  Vt  Dona  patrIs, 
Donet  nobIs  natVs. 


1651 


Jesus 

onuis  in 

horto. 


V.  Dolorosa  Mysteria. 

IesVs  agnVs,  o  aVgVsta,  horto  fer Venter  orans,  perfVsVs 
CrVore,  propInqVI  obItVs,  angVstIIs  affLICtVs,  sIgnata 
patrIs  sententIa,  pro  sanItate  popVLI,  patI  VIDetVr.  o 
CjbLI  Cos,  o  honor  tota  Denotato:  res  hostIs  saVas 
aVerte.  =     1651 


454 


THE  ROSARY. 


flagellatus. 


Jesus 

spinis 

coronatus. 


Jesus 

cmce 

farigatus. 


Jesus 
crudfucus. 


„     s6      • 
ResurrecUo 

Jesu 


Accessus 
Spiritus- 
Sancti. 


5*. 
eLeCta  Vt  soL,  pr>estantIor  eo  rosa,  IesVs  agnVs,  honos 
patrIs,  VIrgIs  SjBPE  CrVCIatVr  :  ICtVs  rVIt  :  tota  rIgat 
VnDIqVe  sangVIs.  DIVInas  fert  rosas.  tV  obVIa  propera  : 
ne  pVnIat  nos  oppone:  honestIs  fa  Veto:  fLato:  tot 
hostes  aVfer.  =     165 1 

S3- 
SpeCIosa  oLIVa,  honor  gentIs,  frVCtVs  tVVs  IesVs,  sapIentI^ 
thronVs,  spInea  Corona  ornatVs,  k  toto  per  Verso  popVLo 
trItVs,  LVDIbrIo  hostIs  seDet  :  tVta  fert  rosarIa  : 
nVnC  age  :  aqVa  tVere  gratIje  (fons  pIetatIs)  spInas 
fVgato. 


=     1651 


54. 


VlTls  frVCtIfICans,  VIta,  et  spes  nostra,  IesVs  agnVs, 
fILIVs  tVVs,  CrVCIs  LIgno  oppressVs,  a  Vano  popVLeo, 
et  Insano   fVrore  stIpatVs,   Vt  patIatVr  abIt,   o   rosa 

HOSTES  RETRAHE,    NOSTRA  PROTEGE   DeIN,   MqVa  TOTO   HONORE 

GRATliB  Dona. 


=    1651 


55- 


sVspensVs  CrVCe,  IesVs  agnVs  Inter  Latrones  patItVr, 
VeLVt  si  (hostIs  otIo)  sCeLerIs  esset  CapVt.  o  arbor 
tVta,  fIDeI  honor,  tVrpIa  tota,  tot  hareses  fVga  :  fVso 
sangVInI,  Dona  opponI  apta:  ora  nostra  protegI:  nos 
aqVa  VIta  frVI.  =     1651 

Mysteria  gloria,  V# 

56. 
In  resVrreCtIone  IesV  ChrIstI,  noVa  spe,  tota  fLorent. 
CmLI  pVrpVra,  orbIsqVe  ostro  nItent.  tV  aVgVsta 
regIna,  rosarII,  honos  et  fons,  pLVe  gaVDIo:  tVtas 
Dona  rosas  tV*:  sVaVItatIs:  tVas  appone  opes:  tot  faC 
spes  hostIs  fVgarI.  =     1651 

57. 
O  pons  saCer  pVra  rosarII  regIna,  asCensIone  IesV  ChrIstI 
fILII  tVI,  fLetV,  et  gaVDIo,  pVteVs  honestatIs  gratVs, 
rosa  pVLChra  ostentarIs.    tV  o  fons  potens,  propera  :  tV 

TOTA  NOSTRA   FOVE  :  TV   ET  VsVs  POTVS   AQVm  GRATliE  NOBls 

Dona.  =     1651 

58- 
SpIrItVs-sanCtI  LIngVIs  (rosarII  VIrgo,  honos  spes 
gLorIosa)  tota  aspersa  es,  et  GRATliE  sVa  DonIs  frVCtI- 
bVsqVe  repLeta,  tV  honesta  foVens,  nostra  prospera  : 
fVrta  Veta  :  Vota  oppone  :  tVto  faC  tVo  nVtV,  InCenDIa 
hostIs  aVertI.  =     1651 


i 


THE  ROSARY. 


455 


B.  Virginia 
Manse. 


6a 

Deiparss 

Virginia 

Coronatio. 


59- 
eLeVarIs    In    transItV   tVo   ab    angeLIs,    o   VenVstatIs 

PARENS,   TV   Els    TV   SVPER  CHOROS  GLoRliE,    REGlNA    PRiBSlS, 

tVqVe  DeI  sponsa  VoCerIs.  tV  (honos  sanCtItatIs  pro 
haC  VIta,  tot  aVgVsta  opponIs:   Dona  patrI   offerto 
fratres  tVos  foVe. 


=     1651 


60. 


PHILosophIa  CjeLI,  et  Vera  sapIentIa,  per  te  (o  VIrgo  fons 
VIrtVtIs  potens)  obtInentVr.  CoronatIone  tVa  aqVI 
paraDIsI  regIna  ConstItVerIs  :  tV  (aVgVsta)  spes  nostras 
foVes.  tV  pVLChras  rosas  Dona  :  tot  fVsos  fratres  tVos 
aVge. 


=     1651 


In  order  to  make  up  the  number  63  (as  mentioned  at  p.  443,  ante), 
there  are  three  more  chron-anagrams,  each  one  containing  5  of  the 
Mysteries  of  the  Rosary.  Observe  the  acrostic  in  the  marginal 
explanations  of  them.  The  'program'  of  these  anagrams  is  the 
'  Hyranus  primus '  at  page  446,  ante.  The  number  of  letters  employed 
in  each  is  165,  and  the  numeral  letters  in  each  make  165 1.  With 
these  remarks  I  now  transcribe  the  chron-anagrams  as  they  appear  in 
the  original. 


Tria  anagrammata,  illorum  continens  unumquodque 
quinque  Rosarii  Mysteria. 


61. 

1.  Incarnatio  Christi. 


a.  Elisabeth  visirata. 


3.  Salvatoris  Natrvitas. 


4.  Virgo  purificata. 


GAUDIORUM 
Mysteria  quinque. 


5.  Salvator  templo 
inventus. 


w 

w 

^^  ET  PARENS,  ROSARII  GLORIA,  TER  ET   Bis  HONORENTVr 

rj\    rosIs.     beata  prorsVs  poLLens  IesV  InCarnatIo, 
y      nataLIs,    reCessVs,    beata    Mater   VIsItans,    et 
pVrIfICata.    ora    rosa    patrIs    pertraCta    tot 
nostra  protegI.  =     1 65 1 


63. 

Magnus  in  horto. 
sudor  sanguinis. 


a.  Apprehensus  Jesus 
et  flagellatus. 


3.  Redemptor  spinea 
corona  redimitus. 


4.  lesuscruce 
oppressus 


5.  Affixus  Jesus  cruds 
obiens  mortem. 


V.  DOLOROSA 
Mysteria. 


Pd 


62. 

parens,  bInIs,  et  trInIs  rosIs,  aCta  trIta 
I  rosarII  tIbI  para.  IesVs  CrVore  sparso,  ter 
orans,  fLageLLatVs,  ater,  et  spInIs  CoronatVs, 
LIgno  pressVs,  et  eo  pensVs,  honoretVr.  ora, 
pete,  tota  bearl  tractata.  =  1651 


1 


45« 


63. 
i.  Iesus  resurgens. 


a.  Omnipotentis 
ascensia 


3.  Spiritus-sancti 
adventns. 


4.  Elevate  Virginis 
gloriosa  assumptio. 


5.  PHcenix  Rosarii 
Maria  caelorum 
regina  coronata. 


O 
to 

m 

x 


THE  ROSARY. 

MYSTER1A 
Gloriosa  quinque. 


63. 
et  sponsa  bInIs,  et  trIpLICatIs  nIteant  rosarII 
rosIs.     IesVs  resVrgens,  et  eLeVatVs,  assVMpta 

PARENS,      TER     CORONATA,      ET      PARaCLetI      AVRORA 

gLorIfICentVr. 

arbor  patrls,  rorata  rosls  bea  tota  nostra.      = 

Gloria  Patri,  etc. 


1651 


To  describe  the  remaining  fifty  pages  of  the  book  would  lead  the 
chronogram-hunter  far  beyond  the  limits  of  his  pursuit,  and  impose  upon 
him  a  difficult  task.  The  words  of  some  of  the  foregoing  hymns,  the  words 
of  the  Gloria  Patri,  etc,  and  the  words  of  the  before-mentioned  Triad,  are 
all  made  to  give  the  date  1651  and  other  intricate  and  significant  numbers, 
by  means  of  the  small  letters  used  after  the  manner  usually  called  a  '  Cabbala/ 
founded  on  the  old  Latin  and  Greek  alphabetic  mode  of  numeration.  The 
book  is  all  the  more  remarkable  as  being  the  work  of  a  man  engaged  in 
mercantile  business,  and  not  in  any  way  an  ecclesiastic  or  a  member  of  any 
religious  order. 

I  regret  that  I  am  unable  to  refer  the  reader  to  a  copy  of  this  remarkable 
work  in  any  public  library  in  England  or  elsewhere  ;  an  inspection  of  the 
original  would  be  a  treat  to  the  bibliophile,  and  lead  to  a  better  appreciation 
of  the  contents. 


SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO. 


^ff** 


RARE  tract,  printed  at  Bruges  in  1684,  gives  in  prose 
and  poetry,  and  upwards  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
chronograms,  an  epitome  of  the  career  of  Saint  Carlo 
Borromeo.  The  only  copy  of  the  work  which  I  know 
of  is  in  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley.  It  was 
composed  on  the  completion  of  the  period  of  one  hundred  years  after 
the  death  of  the  saint  From  a  different  source  I  give  some  particulars 
concerning  him.  He  was  the  son  of  Gilberto  Borromeo,  Count  of 
Arona,  and  of  Margherita  de  Medici,  sister  to  Pope  Pius  IV.  He  was 
born  in  October  1538.  He  studied  at  Pavia,  and  took  his  doctor's 
degree  at  twenty-two  years  of  age.  Shortly  after,  his  uncle,  Pius  IV., 
made  him  a  Cardinal  and  Archbishop  of  Milan.  Borromeo  estab- 
lished an  academy  in  the  Vatican  for  the  promotion  of  learning,  and 
he  published  its  conferences  under  the  name  of  Nodes  Vaticance. 
He  urged  the  Pope  to  hasten  the  termination  of  the  Council  of  Trent; 
and,  upon  its  conclusion  in  1563,  he  drew  up  an  exposition  of  the 
doctrine  of  the  Roman  Catholic  Church  as  sanctioned  by  that 
Council,  known  as  the  c  Catechismus  Tridentinus.'  After  the  death 
of  Pius  IV.  in  1565,  Cardinal  Borromeo  went  to  his  diocese.  He 
enforced  a  reform  in  the  clergy,  especially  among  the  monastic 
orders.  He  visited  every  part  of  his  diocese,  reforming  abuses, 
examining  the  conduct  of  his  clergy,  and  providing  for  the  wants  of 
the  poor.  He  established  colleges  and  schools,  and  asylums  for 
destitute  children.  When  the  plague  broke  out  at  Milan  in  1576, 
he  exerted  himself,  at  the  risk  of  his  life,  in  assisting  the  sick,  and 

3M 


458  SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO. 

relieving  the  wants  of  the  population  in  that  calamitous  time.  In 
some  particulars,  Cardinal  Borromeo  shared  the  errors  and  preju- 
dices of  his  age,  for  we  find  that  he  believed  in  the -existence  of 
sorcery.  His  conduct,  however,  was  exemplary;  and  his  zeal  for 
the  flock  committed  to  his  care  was  unremitting.  He  died  on  the 
4th  November  1584,  worn  out  by  austerities  and  pious  labours, 
in  the  forty-seventh  year  of  his  age.  He  was  canonized  by  Pope 
Paul  V.  in  1 610. 

The  title  of  the  tract  is,  *  MARIA  PARADOXA  vita  Sancti 

Caroli  Borromaei,  erainentissimi  sacra  Romans  ecclesiae  Cardinalis, 

nee  non   Mediolanensis  Archiepiscopi  pro   solemni  Jubilaeo  Anni 

centesimi,  illius  ab  obitu  tarn  Anagraphicfe  quam   Chronographicfe 

discussa.  ^i 

Chrofiicon. 

Cantate  VbIqVe  tVba  IVbILate  )  _       6g 

Deo  qVarta  noVeMbrIs.  f ""  4 

Brugis.  Apud  Lauren tium  Doppes,  in  platei  vulgb  de  Philip-Stock- 

straet,  sub  signo  trium  Regum.     1684.' 

The  back  of  the  title-page  contains  the  following : — 

fc   BARONlBVs  SOYENSlBVs,1  PR^sCLarVs,   CaTHOLICjE  )  __         ,a 

sV*  MaIestatI  k  ConCILIo  statVs.  J  "     I054 

Here  is  represented  his 

coat-of-arms 

surmounted  by  a 

CardinaFs  hat  and  coronet  of  nobility 

with  this  motto 

NON   IN   GLADIO   SED   IN   NOMINE  DOMINI. 

The  shield  is  quarterly  gules  and  or,  first  and  fourth  a  naked  sword 
horizontal,  second  and  third  a  lion  rampant  These  verses  follow,  in 
allusion  thereto — 

IesV,  CognoVI  te  eX  noMIne,  non  eX  gLaDIo.  =     1684 

Non  me  salvabit  gladius,  sed  nomenjesu: 
Hoc  mihi  deveniet  nomine  certa  salus. 
Hinc  mea  sit  nomen  Domini,  spes  sola  salutis, 
Hoc  mea  semper  erit  gloria,  splendor,  honos. 
eXVrge  VeneranDe  presVL,  Isto  noMIne  VICtor  erIt.    =     1684 

The  dedication  of  the  work  to  the  Bishop  of  Bruges  concludes 
thus,  giving  the  name  of  the  author — 

Illustrissime  ac  Reverendissime  Domine, 
In  CaroLo  totVs  tVVs  obeDIentIssIMVs  serVVs.       =     1684 
F.  Ignatius  h  sancto  Petro,  ordinis  fratrum  beatissimae  Virginis 
Mariae  de  Monte  Carmelo,   Carmeli   Brugensis  indignus  alumnus. 

1  The  letter  Y  counts  as  11  =  2,  in  this  and  some  other  chronograms. 


SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO.  459 

There  is  also  a  fine  portrait  of  the  Saint  at  his  devotions.     The  87th 
chronogram  alludes  to  him  as  thus  represented. 

At  page  1 1  begins  the  life  of  Saint  Carlo  Borromeo  in  chrono- 
gram— 

eXCeLLens  \ 

CAROLI  BORROMiEl  f  _.        6g 

VIta  ChronographICe  (         *     4 

eXCVssa.  J 

1.  eXVrgant,    aVDIant    InsVL*,    attenDIte    popVLI    De 
Longe.                                                                                       =  1684 

2.  InCLInate   aVras  Vestras,    aD  Verba    eX  VIta   borro- 
MmI.                                                                                       =  1684 

3.  si  QViERAS  DeVotIonIs  eXeMpLar  eXCItans.                    =  1684 

4.  tV  CaroLI  aDVerte  VItaM,  et  eXpete  VestIgIa.           =  1684 

5.  perILLVstrI    stIrpe    orItVr,    seD    VIrtVte    nobILIorI 
MorItVr.                                                                                  =  1684 

6.  DVM  noCtV  orItVr  Infans,  eXaLto  aparVIt  Ingens.  =  1684 

7.  LVX  DIVIna,  sVper  teCtVM  parIentIs.                            =  1684 

8.  Ita  CaroLVs    ortVs,    qVIs    MVnDo    pVtas    pVer    Iste 
erIt?                                                                                         =  1684 

9.  fLorIbVs  InnVMerIs  reppLetVr  Vt  VnDIqVe  pLanta.  =  1684 
10.  qVe  eX  frVCtV  VlTiE,  fLorIDa  MessIs  erIt.  =  1684 
n.  eXhIbet  Infans,  InDICIa  MIrabILIs  VIt*:  fVtVr^e.      =     1684 

12.  CVnCta     arbItratVr     Vt     sterCora,     Vt     ChrIstVM 
LVCrIfaCIat.  =     1684 

13.  eX  InsIgnI  DeVotIone,  saCrIs  IMbVItVr  LItterIs.       =     1684 

14.  IVrIs  LaVrVM  VtrIVsqVe  Deo  SANOrfc  gessIt  =     1684 

15.  saCra  MILItIa  CLerI  InsIgnIter  ILLI  eXaLto  sVCCessV 
faVet.  =s     1684 

16.  egregIIs  VIrtVtIbVs,  abbatIaLI    DeCoratVr  DIgnItate 
DIgnVs.  sss     1684 

17.  Dat  VnIVersIs  speCVLVM  VIrtVtIs.  =     1684 

18.  orbI   VIrtVtes   perhIbens   eXIMIas,    fIt  CarDInaLIs   a 

pIo  qVarto.  =s     1684 

19.  arChIantIstes  posItVs,  MeDIoLanenses  sVas  eXpVrgat 
oVes.  =     1684 

20.  Vt  LVX  effVLgens  IbI  In  MeDIo  nebVL«.  =     1684 

21.  totVs  qVasI  soL  eXVrens,  effVLsIt  In  teMpLo  DeI.  =*     1684 

22.  LVXIt  In  operIbVs,  VtI  saCerDos  MagnVs.  =     1684 

23.  Vt  eXpertVs  sVm  CVrator  gentIs,  LIberat  eaM  A  per- 
DItIone.  =     1684 

24.  eX  sVo  ferVore,  gLorIaM  aDeptVs  est  In  ConVersatIone 
gentIs.  =     1684 

25.  ferVens     preCes     sVas     IteraVIt     Monstrare    VoLens 
VIrtVtes  DeI.  =1684 

26.  In    oratIone    qVaDragInta    horarVM,    eX    L0C0    non 
eXIbat.  =     1684 


£• 


460 


SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO. 


27.  DIreXIt  sVos,  Verbo,  faCtIs,  et  eXeMpLIs.                    =  1684 

28.  reXIt  oVes,  Vt  PRiesVLVM  InsIgnIs  DoCtor.                 =  1684 

29.  fVIt  PRiECLARVs,  VIrtVte  MansVetVDInIs.                     =  1684 

30.  CaroLVs  non  MorDaX  fVIt  In  fratrIbVs  sVIs.             =  1684 

31.  sIngVLarI,     qVos    sCabIosos    noVerat,    MansVetVDIne 
argVebat.                                                                                  =  1684 

32.  CorrIgens      hVIVsMoDI,      InstrVensqVe      In      spIrItV 
LenItatIs.                                                                                =  1684 

33.  pLVrIMos  eX  HiEREsI,  ChrIsto  reDVXIt.                         =  1684 

34.  fVIt  aVsterVs  sIbI,  aC  bLanDVs  proXIMo.                     =  1684 

35.  IDeoqVe  MInIstros  qV«rebat  taLes  qVI  sVos  astrVerent 

non  ContVrbarent.                                                                =  1684 

2fi.  reLIgIosVM  paternVs  eXtItIt  aDVoCatVs.                     =  1684 

37.  pVpILIxjs  Inopes,  VIDVasqVe  DesoLatas  aDIVVabat.     =  1684 

38.  nVsqVaM  IVDeX  CorrVptIbILIs.                                        =  1684 
39   Caro,  MVnDVs,  LeVIathan  VIrI  VIres  oppVgnabant.  =  1684 

40.  CertaMen  DVXIt  IneXpVgnabILIs.                                     =  1684 

41.  Ipse  sIbI  VILIs,  In  Deo  fVIt  oVIbVs  oMnIa  faCtVs.    =  1684 

42.  CaroLVs  effVsVs,  oMnIa  sVa  DIspersIt  paVperIbVs.    =  1684 

43.  Inopes  Vt  aLat  oVes,  Ipse  se  nVDans  hVMI  CVbVIt.  =  1684 

44.  eX  sVo  aVrIaCo  DVCatV  VenDIto,  totVM                  )  6g 
PRiETlVM,  pestIferIs  ContrIbVIt  paVperIbVs.1            J  33 

45.  eX  VrItano  prInCIpatV,  qVaDragInta  aVreorVM      )  .« 
MILLIa,  VnA  DIe,  eX  affeCtV  erogaVerat  egenIs.1  J  ""  33°8 

46.  patI    eX    pIetate,     Dabat    paVperIbVs,    aLIa    VIgIntI 
MILLIa.                                                                                    =  1684 

47.  SIC    DIVVS   PRiESVL   ISTE  PATER   FVIt  PAVPERVM.                   ss  1684 

48.  LVXVRloSiE  peCVnLb  obeDIVnt  oMnIa.                            =  1684 

49.  qVaM  rarVs  non  eXpetens  DIVItIas  s-«CVLI  !               =  1684 

50.  CaroLVs  Istas  Vt  MortIferas  DespeXIt  VbIqVe.           =  1684 

51.  totIVs  DIVItIas  orbIs,  ^estIMaVIt,  VtI  sterCora  VILes.=  1684 

52.  VIrtVtes,  In  sVas  aMpLeXVs  soLas  DeLItIas.               =  1684 

53.  pro  oVIbVs  sVIs,  se  MortI  eX  CorDe  obtVLIt.             ss  1684 

54.  abLVens    peCCata     popVLI,    sVCCVrrens,    LaChrYMIs 
eXtergebat.                                                                              =s  1684 

55.  aD  sVas  IVVanDas  et  aLenDas  oVes  InsIgnIter  bonIs 
sVIs,  et  sIbI  non  peperCIt.                                                 =  1684 

56.  borroM^Vs    InfatIgabILIs,    DIV    noCtVqVe    pestIferIs 
InserVIebat.                                                                              ss  1684 

57.  non  fVgIt,  Vt  MerCenarIVs,  seD  Vt  pastor  LVpos  In 
fVgas  egIt.                                                                             =  1684 

58.  LaqVeo    sIbI    CrVCeM    baIVLans,    popVLo    sVo   CeLos 
pLaCaVIt.                                                                               =  1684 

59.  qVIDnaM  potVIt  VLtra  faCere  oVIbVs  sVIs?                =  1684 

1  These  two  lines  make  3368,  i.e.  twice  1684  j  the  date  does  not  come  out  from  any  set 
of  words  taken  consecutively  as  they  stand  in  die  lines.  This  variety  of  chronogram  was 
occasionally  used  without  any  special  motive. 


I 


SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO.  461 

60.  pro  sIbI  sCeLeratIs,  DeVM  eXoraVIt,  Vt  serVaret.     =  1684 

61.  nVnqVaM  egIt  CaroLVs,  In  IrA  VInDeX.                        =  1684 

62.  EX    TOTO    sViE    DeCVrsVS    VlTiB,   reprehensIbILItas    non 
eManabat.                                                                                 =  1684 

63.  In    asperrIMo     CILICIo     nobILe     CorpVs    fLageLLIs 
ContInVIs  eXtenVabat.                                                         =  1684 

64.  Dabat  ILLI  LateX  haVstVs  parIterqVe  panIs  pastVM.  =  1684 

65.  eX  hIs  epVLIs,  etIaM  Inter  epVLas  L*tabVnDVs.        =  1684 

66.  LaVtas     Dapes     ConteMnebat    paVper     sIbI     trIbVens 
eXIgVa.  =1684 

67.  CaroLVs     proprIas     sIbI    Vestes     eXVIt,     aD     nVDos 
tegenDos.                                                                                  =  1684 

68.  pro  paVperIbVs,  CaroLVs  k  DIVIte  paVperrIMVs.         =  1684 

69.  InanIa      VItm     VnIVersa      respVens,     DIVItIas     poLo 
ConDIDIt.                                                                                =  1684 

70.  VbI  M0D0  qVmso  CaroLVs  Iste?    VIX  reperIes.            =  1684 

71.  qVo      pr^esVL      sVperIor,      profVnDIVs      hVMILItate 
Latebat.                                                                                    =  1684 

72.  MVnDI  eX  VanItate  sVA  LVbrICI,                                     =  1684 

73.  hVMILItate  sVA  tVtVs,  sVperba  DeVICIt.                      =  1684 

74.  DVX  CLerI  MagnVs  In  VItA  fVIt.                                    =  1684 

75.  VerbVM  IpsIVs,  qVasI  InVrens  faCVLa  arDebat.          =  1684 

76.  InIVrIosI    rIgoreM   eIVs   proposVerVnt   regI   phILIppo 
seCVnDo.                                                                                  =  1684 

77.  responDIt,   sInIte   eVM,    Ver£  Vt   PRiEsVL   agIt   totVs 
sanCtVs.                                                                                  =  1684 

78.  saCerDotIbVs  LVX  Magna  fVIt  In  operIbVs.                 =  1684 

79.  sICVt  PRiEsVL  fVIt  DoMVI  sVm  bene  pr^posItVs.        =  1684 

80.  non  eXCIpIens,  eX  jEqVo  sVos  DILIgebat  oMnes.          =  1684 

81.  VERfe  fVIt  DeIpara  CVLtor  eXIMIVs.                              =  1684 

82.  seMInarIstas  sVos  zeLosVs  erVDIebat,  pro  CVLtV  )  =  ,g 
VIrgIneo,  eXCItare  DeVotIoneM,  non  eXtIngVere.1  j  33 

83.  eX  sVggestV  aMoVebat  DIsCoLores,  eXqVIrens  nIsI  )  _  6g 
In  eXCVLtA  MarIa  DeVotIone  perItos.1                       J  33 

84.  beatVs    CaroLVs,   pro    eCCLesIastICA    LIbertate   aCer- 
rIMVs  eXpVgnator.                                                              =  1684 

85.  Ipse  CVraVIt,  Vt  trIDentInVM  absoLVeretVr.             =  1684 

86.  MonasterIa     atqVe     CoLLegIa,    aC    saCras    eXtrVXIt 
eCCLesIas.                                                                                =  1684 

87.  breVIarIVM,  sVper  genVa  sVa,  LegIt  seMper  nVDo  ) 
CapIte:      DeposItoqVe     bIreto     sVo     genVfLeXVs  >2=  3368 
Legebat  bIbLIa  ^                                                                       I 

88.  sVaVIbVs  eXVnDans  LaChrYMIs.                                       =  1684 


See  note  to  chronogram  No.  44. 
*  As  before  mentioned  at  page  459,  the  portrait  of  the  saint  is  described  by  this 
chronogram. 


462  SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO. 

89.  eXerCItatIa  spIrItVaLIa  DeVotIssIMe  bIs  egIt  annVe.=  1684 

90.  sVas    rVrI    VIsItatIones,    aC    pIas    peregrInatIones 
seMper  peDIbVs  absoLVIt.  =  1684 

91.  totVs  eXarDens,  IesV  ChrIstI  fVIt  aMore  LangVens.=  1684 

92.  In  sIngVLIs  pIIs  sanCtIsqVe  operIbVs  prIMVs  aDfVIt.=  1684 

93.  iEGRls  sVIs  In  XenoDoChIIs  soLatIIs  VbIqVe  prIMVs,=  1684 
94-  VstVs  IntVs  eX  Igne  sVperno  aD  saCra  LIMIna        =  1684 

saCra  aVDItVrVs  eLoqVIa  prIMVs  fVIt.  =  1684 

95.  neqVIDqVaM  sIne  ConsILIo  eXeqVebatVr.  =  1684 

96.  per  sIngVLos  DIes  ConfItebatVr  Vt  Ira  sIbI  pVrIssIMVs 
fIeret.  =  1684 

97.  nVLLa  CaroLVs  benfICIa  trIbVIt,  nIsI  Ver£  CapaCIbVs 

aC  bene  MerItIs.  =  1684 

98.  sTRENVfc  eXCVbIas  egIt  VIgILanDo  sVper  gregeM.      =  1684 

99.  erat  speCVLVM  arDens  eXVrens  nIsI  VItIa.  =s  1684 

100.  InDIsCIpLInatorVM  eXtVrbabat  abVsVs.  =  1684 

101.  VERk  fVIt  eXqVIsItVs  CLerI  eMenDator.  =  1684 

102.  LaXItatVM  fortIs  DestrVCtor  eXtItIt.  =  1684 

103.  antIqVos,      Vt      eXpertos      DoCtores      tenVIt,      non 
neophYtos  Late  sVMptos.  =  1684 

104.  eXVrge  CaroLe,  Vt  nobIs  VerjE  sis  arMatVra  fIDeI.=  1684 

105.  eX   operA    CaroLI,    CVnCtIs    paroChIs    CateChIsMVs 
eXstat.  =  1684 

106.  InsIgnIter  paroChos  InstrVIt,  Vt  soLIDa  eXprIMant, 
peregrIna  VItantes.  =  1684 

107.  Vt  Ver£  DILIgant  proXIMos  sVos  sICVt  se.  =  1684 

108.  Vt  Rlrfe  pretIosas  oVes  pLVs  Deo  CVrent  qVaM  sVa 
sIbI.  =  1684 

109.  Vt    DIsCant   anIMas   aLere,    et   pro    oVIbVs   parIter 
eXponere  sVas.  =  1684 

no.  qVI  Integra  DeVM  qVjErVnt  LeX  est  ILLIs:  =  1684 

in.  qVI  renVntIarVnt  MVnDo,  ne  reqVIrant  s^eCVLarIa.=  1684 

112.  Magnos  VIros  reLIgIosos  eX  ferVore  sVo  DoCVIt.     =  1684 

113.  non  Ita  sVa  qVjerere   seD  soLVM  qVjE  IesV  ChrIstI 
sVnt.  =  1684 

114.  eX    CarnIs    VItIo    DILapsas    erVens,    DeVotas    Deo 
reserVabat.  =  1684 

115.  Ipse  sVI  Corona  popVLI,  paX  et  gaVDIVM.  =  1684 

116.  pro  PRiEsVLVM  erVDItIone  eXpertVs  sCrIpsIt.  =  1684 

1 1 7.  saCro  aMore  LVCtans,  ChrIsto  fVIt  ConfIXVs  CrVCI.  =  1684 

118.  passIonIs     IesV     DeVotVs    ConteMpLator     eXtra     se 
rapItVr.  =  1684 

119.  Morte  CVpIens  DIssoLVI,  eXeqVItVr.  =  1684 

120.  Corporis  eXWIas  DeponIt  aMore  sVpernI  LangVens.=  1684 

121.  In  saCro  IesV  sVI,  aMpLeXV  sVspIranDo.  =  1684 

122.  oCVLIs  In  CrVCe  fIXIs,  CorpVs  oCCVMbebat.  =  1684 

123.  CaroLVs  ItaqVe  CInerIbVs,  et  CILICIo  opertVs  abIIt 

In  CceLVM.  =  1684 


SAINT  CARLO  BORKOMEO.  463 

124.  qVI    pVrIor  aLbeDIne    In    VItA    fVerat    CastIssIMVs 
obIIt.  .  =     1684 

125.  In    perpetVo    CaroLVs    InVICtVs    s^eCVLo    CaLCato 
trIVMphat.  =     1684 

126.  In  CeLestIbVs  satVratVs,  6  !  qVaM  gLorIfICa  LVCe 
CorVsCat  !  =     1684 

127.  In    IVbIL*o     sanCtI    CaroLI,    rIte     eXVLtans    IaM 
gLorIetVr  eCCLesIa.  =     1684 

128.  In  saCro  sanCtA  In  eXCeLLentIA  patron Vs  CoLItVr 
Contra  pesteM.1  =     1674 

129.  pestIs    qVI    LVe    Laborat,    CaroLVM    InVoCet,    CIto 
sVCCVrret.  =     1684 

130.  In  VItA,  et  eXtra,  MIraCVLa  stVpenDa  patrVIt.       =     1684 
See  note  2. 

132.  VIVens    CarMeLI    orDInIs    VerJ:    strenWs    patronVs 
erat.  =  1684 

133.  brVgIs  CarMeLIta  gaVDent  eX  eIVs  sangVIne.  =  1684 

134.  fraternItas  eIVs  apVD  CarMeLItas  aVgetVr  VbIqVe.=  1684 

135.  eXCeLLenter     In     CaroLo     proteCtore     sVo,     IVre 
CarMeLVs  IVbILat.  =  1684 

136.  eXVrge  BORRoMiEE,  tIbI  CaroLe  DeVotIs  sVbVenI.      =  1684 

137.  eX  DIVrnIs  erVe  atVMnIs  saCVLL  =  1684 

138.  obDVratos  eX  pIgrItIA.    sVMnoLentos  eXCIta.  =  1684 

139.  eXpVrgans  VItIa,  CorDa  eXaLta  MItIa.  =  1684 

140.  SiECVLI  qVjEqVe  noXIa,  DIsrVMpe  retIa.  =  1684 

141.  InIqVItatIbVs  eXVens  Da  popVLo  paCeM.  =  1684 

142.  eXCLVsIs     CceLo,     tVIs     InCLYtIs     nobIs     aCCVrre 
MerItIs.  =  1684 

143.  eXVLes  Da  IVbILans,  jETErnVM  IVbILare.  =  1684 

144.  agIte  eXVrgIte  popVLI,  VoVere  borroM^eo  DICentes.=  1684 

145.  VoX  tIbI  MeLoDa,  LaVs,  honor  gLorIa  VIrtVs.  =  1684 

146.  CaroLe,    te    IgItVr    qV*sVMVs;    fIant    aVres    tVm 
IntenDentes.  =  1684 

147.  DeVotos  tIbI  serVos  serVa,  IVVa,  atqVe  A  peste,  faMe, 

et  beLLo  LIbera.  =     1684 

A  poem  next  follows  in  about  260  hexameter  and  pentameter 
verses,  the  theme  of  which  is  thus  given — 

CAROLVS   BORROMAEVS 

Anagramma. 

SVM   ROBVR,    ROS,   AC  OLEA. 


1  This  chronogram  is  thus  in  the  original ;  it  makes  only  1674,  but  was  probably 
intended  to  make  1684.  The  sentence  seems  to  be  complete  as  it  stands  notwithstanding 
the  defect. 

*  There  is  no  chronogram  numbered  131  in  the  original ;  the  numeration  seems  to  have 
got  out  of  order  after  94,  where  the  next  line  is  not  numbered. 


1 


464  SAINT  CARLO  BORROMEO. 

These  words,  which  are  the  anagram  of  his  name,  occur  frequently 
throughout  the  poem,  also  in  the  chronicon  with  which  it  concludes — 

Chronicon. 
VerI:  egregIVs  DIXIstI,  sVM  robVr,  ros  aC  oLejr.       =     1684 

A  shorter  poem  next  follows  called  '  Paraphrasis,'  in  which  the 
anagram  words  are  frequently  used,  and  concluding  with — 

Chronicon. 
6 !  DeVs  trInVs,  et  VnVs,  In  BORRoMiEO  fVIstI  ! 

robVr  ros  aC  oLea.  =     1684 

Another  poem  next  follows  in  about  290  hexameter  and  penta- 
meter verses,  the  theme  of  which  is  thus  given — 

CAROLVS   BORROMAEVS. 

Anagramma. 

OLES,   AC  ROSA  RVBORVM. 

These  words,  which  are  also  the  anagram  of  his  name,  occur 
frequently  throughout  the  poem,  which  concludes  with — 

Chronicon. 
oLes  VItA  tVA,  aC  rosa  rVborVM,  satIs  DIXI.  =     1684 

The  tract  terminates  at  the  same  page,  52,  with  a  poem  of  six- 
teen lines,  a  'Congratulation'  of  Carrael  (the  author's  monastery  at 
Brussels),  in  praise  of  the  Borromeo  family.  The  opening  lines  are 
as  follows — 

Carmeli  Congratulatio 
in  Laudem  Inclytae  Borromsese  Familiae. 

Gaude  Borromsea  domus,  poscentibus  astris 

Orbe  micas,  fama  est  non  moritura  tua. 
internum  Caroli  jam  supplex  nomen  adora ; 

Te  dedit  aeterno,  nomine  posse  frui,  etc. 


>  —  ♦  —  < 


At  pp.  439,  440,  ante,  there  are  some  other  chronograms 
concerning  this  Saint 


THE    WORKS    OF 
JOHANNES    PR^ETORIUS. 


|  HIS  author  describes  himself  as  belonging  to  Zetlingen, 
and  as  'Master  of  Philosophy'  at  the  University  of 
Leipzig,  and  imperial  poet  laureate.  It  is  not  such  an 
easy  matter  to  describe  his  works.  He  wrote  largely 
on  mystical  subjects,  judging  by  the  list  of  his  works, 
and  those  of  them  to  which  I  have  had  access.  He  was  attached  to 
the  Lutheran  form  of  religion.  The  mystic  number  666,  and  the 
year  1666,  seem  to  have  furnished  him  with  matter  for  much  contro- 
versy; perhaps  he  had  his  own  beliefs,  and  he  certainly  had  his 
doubts,  about  what  those  numbers  portended  to  Germany.  At  the 
period  of  his  writing  people's  minds  had  been  much  disturbed  by 
prognostications  and  expectations,  the  Thirty  Years'  War  had  only 
recently  been  concluded,  and  the  religious  dissensions  connected  with 
it  could  not  yet  have  subsided  ;  another  war  was  impending  to 
expel  the  Turks  from  Hungary  and  Eastern  Europe ;  predictions 
were  afloat  that  the  Papacy  was  to  fall,  that  the  German  empire 
would  dissolve,  and  that  the  final  interpretation  of  the  number  666, 
in  Revelation  xiii.  18,  would  be  manifested.  Controversies  on  these 
matters,  as  well  as  on  omens,  divination,  palmistry,  and  magic, 
engaged  the  attention  and  occupied  the  pen  of  Praetorius ;  and 
besides  all  this  he  made  a  great  many  chronograms. 

A  list  of  his  works  is  given  in  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  xxix. 
147.  Many  of  them,  and  some  others  not  there  included,  are  in  the 
British  Museum  Library.     All  of  them  are  more  or  less  curious,  and 

3N 


466  JOHANNES  PR&TORIUS. 

some  have  afforded  a  good  harvest  of  chronograms,  as  will  be  seen 
by  the  following  extracts,  and  in  some  instances  the  chronogram 
gives  the  title  as  well  as  the  date  at  which  the  work  was  printed. 

A  volume  (British  Museum,  press-mark  8630.  c),  8°,  bears  this 
title— 

1  anthropoDeMVs  pLVtonICVs  =    1666 

das  ist, 
ein  neue  Welt-beschreibung  von  aller  ley  wunderbahren  Menschen,' 
etc.  Autore,  Joanne  Praetorio.  Magdeburg,  1668. — The  title-page 
contains  a  list  of  the  subjects  in  22  chapters,  each  commencing  with 
one  of  the  letters  of  the  alphabet  in  regular  succession.  There  is  a 
second  part  with  a  similar  arrangement  of  title-page ;  the  two  parts 
comprise  about  1350  pages.  The  author's  language  is  German,  the 
printing  is  very  indifferent,  and  the  pages  are  much  discoloured. 
The  chronograms  may  be  said  to  occur  in  patches ;  they  are  by  no 
means  evenly  distributed  over  the  pages. 

At  page  162.     De  VItVLo  saCsonVM.1  =     1666 

VItVLVs  ConDeMnans,  Anagram  os  CaLVInVM  tVnDens     =  {  J*JJ 

At  page  413  the  title  and  purpose  of  a  book  published  by  the 
author  in  1656,  on  the  qualities  of  herbs  and  plants,  is  given  in  these 
chronograms — 

DoMVs  ChLorIs.     (*".*.   The  house  of  the  goddess  of  flowers.)  =     1656 

fLorIanVs  DeMoCoon.  =     1656 

bLVMentraCheIge  erDe.  =     1656 

noMenCLator  herbIDVs.  =     1656 

CaMpVs  fLorIDans.  =     1656 

poLYanthea  MeDICa  (read  Y  as  V=5).  =     1656 

herbarIVM  DeLeCtans.  =     1656 

The  title  of  another  book  by  him  on  the  same  subject,  published 
at  Leipzig  in  1657,  is  thus  given — 

fLor«  annIDICVM  =     1657" 

DIanjE  eteoLogICVM  avdos.  =     1657 

CheLIDonIVM.  =     1657 

D.  LeonharDVs  bahr,  botanICes  eDItor.  =     1657 

roDankos  LIpsIaCVM.  =     1657 

noMenCLator  paraDIsI.     Sal.  of  his  garden.  This  makes     1652 

Me  sIbI  ConstItVIt  JanVs  PRiBTORlVs  aVCtor,  )  _       f 

VaLLIbVs  eX  roseIs  LIpsIaCIsqVe  LoCIs.  /  "~     I057 

At  page  425  the  author  gives  the  year  1666  in  chronogram  in  the 
words  taken  from  the  Latin  version  of  the  Bible,  and  his  purpose  in  so 
doing  is  in  some  degree  explained  in  his  adjoining  pages.  The 
adaptation  of  the  words  is  at  least  curious — 

1  Sacsomun  for  Saxonum,  thus  following  the  rule  of  the  Latin  language,  which  permits 
the  substitution  of  cs  for  x. 


JOHANNES  PRJETORIUS. 


467 


qVIDnaM  VVLt  hoC  esse? 

Acts  il  12.     (The  exact  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
a  seCVLo  non  est  aVDItVM. 

John  ix.  32.     (The  exact  words.) 
spIrItVaLIs  JVDICat  oMnIa. 

1  Corinthians  ii.  15.     (The  exact  words.) 
DeVs  sVsCeptor  saLVtIs  MEiB. 

Psalm  IxxxviiL  27.     (Vulgate  Version.) 
a  testIMonIIs  tVIs  non  DeCLInaVI. 

Psalm  cxix.  157.     (Vulgate  Version.) 
In  popVLo  MVLto  LaVDabo  te. 

Psalm  xxxv.  18.     (See  English  Bible  Version.) 
nIhIL  oDIstI  eorVM,  qVje  feCIstI. 

Wisdom  of  Solomon  xi.  24. 
ContrItVs  sVM  VaLDe. 

Psalm  xxxviii.  9.     (Sic.) 
MIrabILIs  DeVs  In  sanCtIs  sVIs. 

Psalm  lxvii.  36.     (The  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
nVnC  sIne  Lege  IVstItIa  DeI  ManIfestata  est. 

Rom.  iii.  21.     (The  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
faMes  pro  qVa  estIs  soLICItI,  aDhlerebIt  VobIs. 

Jer.  xlii.  16.     (The  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
noLIte  possIDere  peCVnIaM  In  zonIs  VestrIs. 

Matthew  x.  9. 
LoCVstjE  DeVorabVnt  oMnIa. 

Deut.  xxviii.  38.     (The  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
MoVebItVr  terra  De  L0C0  sVo. 

Isaiah  xiii.  13.     (The  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
In  the  preface  of  the  second  part  (or  volume),  printed  at  Magdeburg 
in  1677,  the  following  verses  occur — 

Itzt  treten  VVIer  Ins  neWe  Iahr, 
her  IesV  ChrIste,  Vns  beWahr, 
gIeb  gnaD,  Dass  VVIer  Diss  gantze  Iahr 
zVbrIngen  konnen  ohn  gefahr! 
And  on  the  next  page,  gLVCk  zV  DeM  neVen  Iahr. 

At  page  119  the  following  sentences  are  given  as  having  been 
recognized  as  prognostics  of  coming  events  in  the  political  affairs  of 
Europe,  the  seven  initial  letters  also  give  the  date — 

MonarChIa  DeLVXata.  = 

DIsCVrsVs  poLonorVM.  = 

CVLpa  IVDaorVM.  = 

LVnatorVM  zoDIaCVs.  = 

XenoDoChIVM  beLgjE.  = 

VereDVs  papICoLarVM.  = 

IVDICIVM  fILII.  = 

And  these  occur  at  page  120— 

MVnDI  LVCtV,  alias  CLaVsVra  MVnDI.  == 


= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

= 

1666 

=: 

1666 

= 

1666 

iburg 

1666 

}_ 
r 

1666 

=  1666 


1666 
1666 
1666 
1666 
1666 
1666 
1666 

1666 
1666 


468  JOHANNES  PRALTORIUS. 

they  express  the  eventful  year  1666;  the  first  line  of  the  following 
couplet  gives  the  same  date — 

Magna  Det  aCta  Labore  teXto  reprehensVs  In  anno,        =     1666 
Non  ego  eo  terra  fata  parata  reor. 

The  author  mentions  that  the  mystical  number  666  (in  Rev.  xiii.  18) 
by  dropping  the  letter  M=iooo,  is  contained  in  the  following  word 
implying  false-speaking — 

MenDaCILoqVaX.  =     1666 

And  at  page  129  these  words  come  in  strange  contrast  when  used 
for  the  same  date — 

anno  saLVatorIs  DoMInI  IesV  ChrIstI.  =     1666 

In  this  part  of  the  book  the  author  devotes  many  pages  to  the 
discussion  of  the  coincidence  of  this  year  1666  with  the  mystical 
number  666,  and  this  further  chronogram,  among  others,  may  be 
noticed  in  illustration — 
At  page  136.     DoCtor  MartInVs  LVtherVs.  =     1666 

And  at  page  141  he  adduces  the  following  list  of  wars,  in  which 
various  potentates  were  engaged  in  that  same  year ;  the  initial  letters  of 
each  line  when  read  consecutively  make  the  year  mdclxvl,  or  1666 — 
Moguntinus  archiepiscopus  et  Lotharingiaa  dux  cum  Palatino  RhenL 
The  Archbishop  of  Mayence  and  the  Duke  of  Lorraine  with  the 
Count  Palatine. 
Dux  Lubomirski  cum  rege  Poloniae.     The  King  of  Poland. 
Cham  Tartarorum  cum  Turcis.     The  Turk  and  the  Tartar. 
Lusitaniae  rex  cum  Hispaniae  rege.    The  Portuguese  and  the  Spaniards. 
Xalliae l  et  Daniae  reges ;  item  Belgium  cum  Britannis. 
Veneti  cum  Turcis.     Venice  and  the  Turks. 

Inferior  Germania  cum  episcopo  Monasterii.     Lower  Germany  and 
the  Bishop  of  Munster. 

These  words,  adapted  from  1  Kings  ii.  45,  reX  saLoMon 
beneDICtVs=i666,  are  quoted  at  page  149,  as  applicable  to  some 
real  or  predicted  events  of  the  period.  I  have  seen  this  chronogram 
quoted  elsewhere,  but  without  any  explanation.  For  the  sake  of  pre- 
serving something  that  has  been  said  about  it,  I  will  quote  the  purport 
of  the  author's  remarks.  He  had  been  alluding  to  the  falling  away  of 
monarchies,  and  he  proceeds  to  say,  '  With  regard  to  the  monarchic 
deluxatio  we  may  exclude  as  neutral  all  relics  which  can  only 
express  our  ignorance,  as  no  further  information  can  be  received 
about  them.  We  may,  however,  cite  one  (the  above  chronogram). 
This  may  be  said  in  the  present  century  to  signify  the  idea  of  the  old 
monarchies  which  have  fallen  down  before  our  time,  and  which  have 
been  described  by  me  in  my  annual  chronicle,  under  the  title  of  the 
downfall  of  Germany,  where  three  suns  have  fallen  under  the  yoke  of 
the  Turks.  On  this  subject  the  Rabbis  are  ignorant,  although  there 
are  quacks  in  England  who  find  in  this  the  evidence  of  the  coming 
Messiah.' 


1  Xalli«=Gallise. 


JOHANNES  PR&TORWS.  469 

At  a  later  page  of  the  volume  the  author  is  still  engaged  on 
presages  and  prognostics  of  events  to  take  place  in  1666,  and  at  page 
238  he  introduces  this  Virgilian  cento * — 
Anno,  in  quo  suas  DebILItant  VIres  LVnatIs  agMIna  peLtIs.=     1666 

And  at  page  269  he  quotes  the  following  chronograms  from  a 
work  entitled  '  Examen  vaticinii  cujusdam  Anglicani  de  ultimo  Romae 
excidio  anno  1666.'    Cap.  ix.  15 — 

karoLVs  Der  fVnffte,  teVtsCher  keIser.  =       666 

karoLVs  Von  genDt,  teVtsCher  keIser.  =       666 

CaroLVs  V.  InDVperator.  =       666 

CaroLVs  V.  ganDaVensIs.  =       666 

KapoXios  E.  yaivSaAva-ios  Kaurap.  =666 

The  work  so  quoted  is  by  Gottlieb  Spitzel,  or,  as  he  Latinised  his 
name,  Theophilus  Spizelius.2  There  is  a  copy  of  it  in  the  British 
Museum,  11403.  f.,  published  at  Augsburg,  1665.  40.  It  is  a  stricture 
(in  Latin)  on^a  work  by  an  anonymous  English  writer,  who  interpreted 
the  mystical  number  666  to  mean  the  fall  of  the  papacy  in  1 666.  In 
giving  the  above  chronograms,  Spitzel  prefaces  them  with  some 
remarks  to  this  effect, — 'The  name  therefore  of  the  "Beast"  is  not 
the  name  proper  of  the  Antichrist,  but  of  the  empire  or  state  of  which 
Antichrist  is  the  head.  If  you  ask  why  it  is  called  the  Numfor  of  the 
name,  it  may  be  answered,  because  the  letters  of  which  the  name  is 
composed  include  that  number.  There  are  many  words  in  Hebrew, 
Greek,  and  Latin,  which  in  like  manner  express  the  same  number ; 
this  shows  how  uncertain  is  the  application  of  it,  and  how  absurd  it  is 
to  say  that  John,  in  the  Apocalypse,  should  be  interpreted  by  some- 
body writing  in  Belgium  in  1662,  to  mean  the  Emperor  Charles  v. ; 
that  writer  doubted  not  that  the  emperor  was  prefigured,  but  he  talked 
nonsense  in  saying  that  when  you  turn  the  letters  of  his  name  into 
vernacular  numbers,  whether  in  Latin  or  in  Greek  (the  language  in 
which  John  wrote  this  prophecy),  the  words  sexcenta  et  sexaginta  sex, 
will  be  the  result'  Spitzel  then  gives  the  chronograms  above  quoted, 
exclaiming, '  Nugae  nugarum  !'  He  also  says  that  the  title  of  the  work 
by  the  'anonymous  calculator'  was  portentous  and  conspicuous, 
'Romae  ruina  finalis  anno  mdclxvi,  mundique  finis  sub  xlv  post 
annum.' 

At  page  357  the  following  quotations  from  the  New  Testament 
occur  j  they  are  introduced  by  the  author  apparently  to  show  another 
variety  of  omen  to  be  found  in  words  containing  the  date  of  the  sup- 
posed eventful  year — 


1  The  lines  in  Virgil  from  which  this  cento  is  composed  1 

sEn.  ix.  61 1.     Debilitat  vires  animi,  mutatque  vigorem. 
An.  i.  490.     Ducit  Amazonidum  lunatis  agmina  peltis. 

In  this  instance  Pnetorius  would  suggest  that  the  crescent-shaped  shields  indicated  the 
nation  which  had  the  crescent  for  its  banner,  the  Turks. 

*  See  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon^  xxxix.  298. 


1 


470  JOHANNES  PRsETORIUS. 

sICVt  pater  sVsCItat  MortVos,  et  VIVIfICat;  sIC  fILIVs 
qVos  VVLt  VIVIfICat.  =     1666 

John  v.  21.     (The  exact  words  in  the  Vulgate.) 
VaDo  parare  VobIs  LoCVM.  =     1666 

John  xiv.  2.     (The  same.) 
state  InDVtI  LorICaM  IVstItLb.  =     1666 

Eph.  vi.  14.     (These  are  adapted  words.) 
DeVs  CornV  saLVtIs  Mem.  =     1666 

Psalm  xvii.  3.     ( Vulgate  Version.) 

The  subject  now  to  be  noticed  is  called  by  the  author  his  New 
Almanack  of  the  wonderful  year  1666.  It  is  difficult,  and  indeed 
needless,  to  follow  the  author  through  the  pages  of  a  long  fanciful 
chapter  about  square  men,  by  which  he  means  frank  and  open-hearted 
men,  or  to  explain  in  what  way  he  is  moved  to  write  in  sarcastic  terms 
about  Dutchmen  and  Dutch  authors,  who  manifest  some  opposite 
qualities.  Pratorius  is  very  bitter  towards  them  in  matters  of  religion 
and  politics,  and  for  some  of  their  interpretations  of  the  mystic  number 
666  and  the  year  1666.  It  is  only  necessary  to  allude  to  his  fierce 
invective  against  them,  in  order  to  throw  some  light  on  what  he  calls 
his  'almanack '  of  1666  and  its  chronograms.  He  alludes  to  a  Dutch 
writer  who  asserts  that  there  are  exactly  1666  years  between  the 
Creation  of  the  world  and  the  Deluge,  according  to  the  accepted  system 
of  chronology,  and  who  sets  up  an  argument  in  support  of  certain 
deductions  therefrom,  while  the  real  difference  is  only  1656  years. 
Here,  says  he,  we  see  a  deplorable  error,  which  must  demolish  this 
pitiful  (quarf)  argument  After  exposing  some  other  contradictory 
interpretations  of  the  number  and  date,  the  author  proceeds  to  close 
these  and  such  like  speculations,  by  showing  how  words  containing 
the  date  1666  may  be  used  to  the  discomfiture  and  disadvantage  of 
the  Dutch  writers  themselves. 

Then  follows  at  page  399  a  sort  of  calendar,  at  least  an  arrange- 
ment of  chronograms  under  each  of  the  twelve  months,  in  which 
Hollanders,  Papists,  Jesuits,  Calvinists,  heretics,  and  others,  are 
denounced  and  threatened l — 

annVs  IesV  ChrIstI  aDMIrabILIs.  =     1666 

Dat  WonDerLIIk  Iaer  naer  DIe  geboorte  ChrIstI;  =     1666 

aLManaCh  Van't  WonDer  Iaer.  =     1666 

Den  nIeVVen  aLManaCh.  (This  makes  only)     1661 

Van  De  oMegeLVCkIge  geVsen.  =     1666 

VorseggenDe  De  geWIsse  hoLLantse  eLenDe.  =     1666 

oppos:    MoetWIL    en    stoVtICheIt    Der    IesVIten;    (sic  in 
original.    It  makes  1675.) 
stoVte  bottICeIIt  In  VLaMIngen  en  In  brabanDers.  =     1666 


1  There  are  some  deviations  from  the  date  1666  which  I  am  unable  to  correct ;  they  are 
probably  the  author's  own  oversights. 


JOHANNES  PR&TORIU&.  471 

January. 

Men  saL  nV  VVonDere  saeCken  sIen,  =  1666 

VIDebItIs  nVnC  MIrabILIa.  =  1666 

oppos  :  Der  IesVWIten  beDrogh  saL  haest  ontDeCken.  =  1667 
Vah  !     IgItVr    IesVItarVM    fraVDes    breVI    VobIs    Lat£ 

rVrsVs  reVeLabVntVr.  =  1666 

2.  bernarDe  pVnI  IMprobos  CaLVInIstas  sIne  fIne.  =  1666 
bernarDe  a  gaLen,  pVnI  eos  absqVe  VLLA  MorA.  =  1666 
sIne  fIne  CaLVInIstas  anIMaDVertIte.  =  1666 
oppos:  bernarD Vs  a  gaLen,  epIsCopVs  tho.  (sic)  MVnster.  =  1666 
barent  Van  gaLen  bIssChop  Van  MVnster.    (This makes  1166.) 

3.  D*  hooChMogenheIt  VerVaLt  nV.  =  1666 
DIe  WonDerLIICke  tIIDInge.  =  1666 
oppos:  heLIChen  VaDer  paVs  In  rooMen.  =  1662 

4.  MIserICorDIa  proLongata  a  fInIbVs  tVIs.  =  1666 
naM  tV  qVoD  feCerIs  aLIIs,  tIbI  fIet.  =  1666 
oppos  :  JesVIten  DeeL  nIet  In  ChrIstVM  1st.  =  1666 

February. 

praVI  HiERETlCI  neMInI  sVnt  fIDeLes.  =  1666 

oppos:  pontIfeX  roManVs  et  asseCL^e  se  perDent.  =  1666 

2.  hoLLanDt  Wort  hIer  oVerroMpeLt.  =  1666 
DIe  geVsen  Mogen  VVeL  eens  het  geLagh  betaLen.  =  1666 
oppos  :  Den  hoLLantsen  LeeW  tegen  goDts  VIanDen.  =  1666 

3.  DeLVDItVr  hoLLanDVs.  =1666 
neMoqVe  DoLet  VICes  sVas.  =  1666 
DoLeaT,  atqVe  eXerCeat  patIenteM.  =  1666 
hoLLanDtse  geVsen,  VerDraget  geDVLtIgh.  =  1666 
oppos:  DeVs  Cert^  non  DeLVDItVr.  =  1666 

March.    heV  !  DenV6  IaCent  teLa  eorVM.  =  1666 

eXpete  VenIaM  a.  Deo  et  rege  CaroLo.  =  1666 

2.  perDIs  hVnC  tItVLVM.     (This  makes)  =  1667 

oppos:  oCCVrretIs  InIMICo,  nVnC  fLeCtI  nesCIo.  =  1666 

rVrsVs  Vos  ferte  aD  arMa  pro  LIbertate  CharA.  =  1666 

April. 

qVIs  ConsoLabItVr  IMpIos  fIDeI  hostes?  =  1666 

DeVs  non  CVrat  praVos  et  MaLIgnos.  =  1666 

oppos:  Dat  aLtos  Vera  CaVssa  trIVMphos.  =  1666 

2.  proh  DoLor!  HiERETlCI  aD  qVID  Ita  VenIstIs?  =  1666 

May. 

InteLLeXIstI  Me,  stIrps  DIaboLI?  =  1666 

InIqVI  aC  DaMnabILes  VIrI.  =  1666 

o  VIrI  InfaVstI,  et  MaLeDICI.  =  1666 

oppos  :  arM  brabanD  sVIVert  toCh  VhoL.  =  1666 

DIe  goDDeLoose  sVLLen  bespot  VVesen,  =  1666 


472 


JOHANNES  PR&T0R1US. 


June. 
geVsen  Van  zVtphen,  Laet  Den  Moet  sInCken.  =     1666 

oppos:  goDt  sCIkt  oVer  papen  een  VerDerVenDen  engeL.=     1666 


July. 


VVeDer  MIsLVCkt. 
oppos:    Men  saL  nV  Den  staten,  heeL    In  VrVheVt  zIen 

Laten.1  = 
2.  naM  fatentI  et  pcenItentI  FACILfc  DabItVr  VenIa.        = 

orpheVs  saL  aCh  nIet  Meer  gehoort  VVorDen.  = 

tVnC  MeLIVs  Deponet  fastVs.  = 

August. 

CVr  propVLsas  fIDeLes  roManos?  = 

oppos:  nVnC  DeVs  prosternIt  LVpos  roManos.1  = 

2.  MaLa  CrVX  te  rIDeat  !  = 
oppos:  IMpIos  fLagrIs  sIC  nobIs  angIt  DeVs.1  = 

3.  aC  fIat  M0D0  LVX.  as 

September. 

sWeDen  en  MaCh  VnIet  heLpen.  = 

geVsen  VerLaet  op  DeneMarCken  nIet.  = 

oppos:  paX  DatVr  aLto  Deo  ConfIDentL1  = 

neDerLanD  saL  gantz  geLVCkIIgh  VVorDen.1  = 

Magnas  Dat  strages  aLt&  proVoCata  VIrtVs.  = 

October. 

DIe  geVsen  noCh  Dapper  gegesseLt  VVorDen.  = 
oppos :  De  geVsen  sVLLen  Dapper  haer  VIanDen  goesseLen.  = 

2.  DVpLeX  CoMeta  :  t'  Was  en  DoVbeLe  CoMeet.  (  = 

(Als  nummehr  seinen  effect  erweisen  soil.)  (  = 

oppos:  DIra  eX  se  sCeLestos  sVa  poena  Manet.  = 

November. 

aLLen  De  geVsen  sIen  nV  Met  Lange  nbVsen.  = 

hoLLanDt  Wort    LVstIgh  ghebesseMt.  = 
oppos :     VlNDICTiE     tarDItate,     reDIt    hIs     poena 
graVIor. 


=     1666 


LONGk 


1672 

1666 
1666 
1666 


1666 

1711 

1666 
1661 
1666 


1666 
1666 

1667 

1767 
1666 


1666 
1666 
1665 
1665 
1666 


1666 
1666 


=  1666 

December. 

Dat  beroWV  CoMt  hIer  te  Laet.                                           =  1666 

oppos:  nVLLa  saLVs  beLLo,  VaCat  hIC  te  posCere  paCeM.=  1666 

1,  rVant  DenIqVe  IMpII  PAPlCoLiE.                                         =  1666 

2.  hVIVs  CaLenDarII  MeI  fInIs.                                              =  1666 
nIeWen  aLManaChs  enDe.            (See  commencement ;  this  makes)  1661 
oppos:    geLVCk    Dan    nV    brabanDers    en     LIeVe    LanDs- 
genooten.                                                                            ( This  makes)  1 7  66 


1  These  chronograms  are  wrong :  I  cannot  rectify  them. 


JOHANNES  PRsETORIUS.  473 

Wat  sVIVert  gII  VIV  nV  nIet  straX  Van  Dese  VoDDIge 
papen  grILLen.  (This  makes  only)     1662 

eX  te  paCeM  eLargIte  DeVs!  =     1666 

At  page  418  this  double  chronogrammatic  anagram  occurs — 

WLCanVs  DoMInator.  =     1666 

Anag  CVra  LonDInVM  Vasto.  =     1666 

Anag.  nVIs  CaroLo  aD  nVtVM.  =     1666 

and  at  page  421  are  these  epigrams  on  the  Plague  and  the  Fire  of 
London  in  1666— 

Ex  cinere,  ut  Phoenix,  Phoenicis  nascitur  alter, 

Londinum  Trojae  prodiit  ex  cinere. 
Consumpti  tot  peste  viris,  tot  peste  puellis ; 
Vix  habet  in  nobis  jam  nova  plaga  locum. 
At  page  438  is  this  alliterative  chronogram  of  the  year  1667 — 
faVnVs  fert  foLIVM,  frangenDo  feraCIa  fata.  =     1667 

At  page  522  the  following  occur  together,  with  explanations — 
DoCtor  MartInVs  LVtherVs.  =     1666 

ILLVMInat  orIens  soLIs  IVD^eIs  (alias),  =     1666 

ostIVM  CceLI  IVDjeIs  aperItVr.  =1670 

and  the  author  proceeds  to  remark,  'Certfe  definire  non  possumus. 
Eventui  committemus.'  He  afterwards  proceeds  to  quote  Psalm 
xlix.  15  (Vulgate  Version) — 

InVoCa  Me  In  DIe  trIbVLatIonIs  !  =     1666 

Then  follow  these  three  Virgilian  centos,  put  into  chronogram — 
j&n.  x.  218.  Ipsa   seDens   CLaVVMqVe   regens  J|  MIser- f  =     1666 
anDaqVe  CVLtV,  JEn.  iii.  591.  (  =     1660 

(Sal.  Mulicr  Apocalyptiea  peribit) 
Anno 
DoMInI  saLVatorIs  IesV  ChrIstI.  =     1666 

/En.  vi.  1 2.  DeLI Vs  InspIrat  DI VInA  paLLaDIs  arte.  sEn.  ii.  15.=     1666 

HZ  5  Kt  A?pS  ET  \  ClNGlT  VlRlDANTl  TEMPORA  LaVrO. 
JZfi.Vl.    70.   AT  PHCEBl  /  jE^  y    M9  =       i666 

At  pages  555-557  there  is  a  Cabala  with  an  anagram  on  the  words 
thereof,  and  two  more  Virgilian  centos ;  all  are  obscure  without  the 
explanations,  which  are  too  long  for  transcript  here.  There  are  no 
more  chronograms. 


4  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark,  1141.  c  16),  'LUDICRUM 
CHIROMANTICUM  PRJETORII ;  seu  THESAURUS 
ROMANTIC  completissimus :  multis  jocis  et  amcenitatibus, 
pluribus  tamen  seriis  instructissimus,  etc./  by  Johannes  Pnetorius. 
Printed  at  Jena,  anno  1661.  This  quarto  volume  contains  more  than 
a  thousand  pages  of  dissertations  on  chiromancy  or  palmistry,  and 
divination  from  the  lines  and  marks  on  a  person's  hands  and  counte- 
nance.    Many  chronograms  are  to  be  gathered  out  of  this  otherwise 

30 


474  JOHANNES  PRjETORIUS. 

very  unprofitable  book.     The  first  word  on  the  title-page  is  a  chrono- 
gram of  the  date,  which  is  put  in  figures  at  the  foot  thereof,  viz. — 

LVDICrVM.  =     1 66 1 

Some  explanation  of  this  is  given  at  page  9  of  the  preface. 

The  author  sets  forth  in  his  preface  the  contents  of  the  book  by 
giving  sub-divisions  of  the  work  arranged  under  the  names  of  various 
practitioners  of  the  art  of  palmistry,  and  the  pages  at  which  they  so 
appear ;  he  then  expresses,  as  follows,  in  chronogram,  both  the  names 
of  such  practitioners  and  the  date  when  he  '  patched  them  together* 
('  annum,  quo  tractaculum  meum  consarcinavi ') — 

DeLIVs  CHlROSOPHliE  poMpeII.     Page  1.  =     1660 

eVIDens  ChIroLogIa  anonYML     Page  105.  =     1660 

ChIroMantIa  roberti  (sic)  fLVDItII.     Page  157.  =     1660 

paLMIsophLe  VerIDICI.     Page  215.  =     1660 

paLMIsophI*:  VanIDICI.     Page  369.  =     1660 

InDVstrIa  paLMIsophICa  pr^etorI.     Page  430.  =     1660 

The  author  then  explains  how  he  compiled  and  produced  his 
work,  and  that  he  wrote  much  of  it  in  a  previous  manual  in  1658, 
arranging  his  subject  under  heads,  and  using  many  special  terms  of 
his  art,  composing  them  in  chronogram  of  that  year,  as  follows — 

rVDIMenta  ChIroLogLe  =     1658 

******** 

ChIroMantLe  PRifcLVDlA.  =     1658 

ChIroLogLe  fVnDaMIna  =     1658 

DE   LONGiEVlTATE   CHlROMANTliE.  =       1658 

ChILogorVM  eDItIones.  =     1658 

De  ManVs  offICIoLIs.     (sic.)  =     1658 

ChIrOGNOMonIjE   DeLIVs.  as        1 658 

oDIVM  ChIroLogLe.  =  1658 

ChIroMantLe  LaVDatIo.  =  1658 

DIsCIpLInarVM.  =  1658 

ChIroMantLe  DeLVsIones.  =  1658 

CHlRoLodiE  DoMInatVs.  =  1658 

De  tItVLo  CHlRoMANTliE.  =  1658 

ChIroLogLe  aDVMbratIo.  =  1658 

MethoDVs  In  ChIroLogIA.  =  1658 


P 
A 
L 
M 
A 


proportIones. 
artVs. 

lineje  y=  1658 

Montes 
appenDICes. 


proportion VM  aDpLICatIo.  =  1658 

artVs  e  paLMa,  aC  DIgItIs.=  1658 

LInearVM  ConDItIones.        =  1658 
reliqua  vide  in  seqq. 


{(£ZZ1!'-4'"ff*fk'  DICtIonarIoLVM.  =  1658 

above  initial  Utters                                                ,.,,■»#  ■  Z.^~ 

signify  the  Palm  of  ORDo   PRInCIpaLIVM.  a=  1658 

tMettnd.,                  De  VlTALI   PALMiE   FATALI.  =  1658 

MeDIa  natVraLIs  LIneoLa.1  =  1658 

LInea  stoMaChI,  sIVe  De  hepate.  =  1658 

VIa  LaCtea  et  DenoMInata  hepatIs.  =  1658 


JOHANNES  PRsETORIUS. 


475 


P 
A 
L 
M 
A 


MensaLIs  fatIDICa. 

De  transversa  MesoCarpII  LInea. 

aD-braChIaLIs  terMInVs. 

DIsCrIMInans  trabVLa. 

MInVs  prInCIpaLes  Denotatores. 

De  MensaLIs,  seV  peCtorIs  sororIa. 

DoMInatIo  VLb  LaCtea 

De  LInea  MartIs  aC  sorore  VlTiE. 

De  MVnere  LInele  sororLe  In  rasCetta.     (sic.) 

prosperItatIs  LInea,  satVrno  CognoMen  Debens. 

LIneoLa  soLarIs,  DonVM  honorIs 

De  LIberorVM  LIneoLIs. 

ConJVgIaLes  DoMInatores. 

aD  InCIsVras  MartIaLes. 

De  CIngVLIs  aMorIs. 

septeM  fVnDI  pLanetICI. 

De  Monte  aC  thoro  JoVIaLI. 

De  Monte  aC  LoCIs  satVrnInIs. 

seDes  MontICVLI  phcebeL 

MerCVrII  seDILe. 

DoMICILIa  Venerea. 

De  fato  CLIVI  MartIs. 

eDICta  MontIs  LVnarIs. 

CHlROLOGliE  DonarIVM. 

pro  appenDICIbVs  In  paLMA. 
pILosItas  ManVs  ConsIDerata. 
attaCtVs  In  paLMIs  DenotatIo. 
LInea  angVLares  aDMIrabILes. 
MoDVLatIo  onYChIna. 
artIs  aDMInICVLa. 

trIangVLI  MoDeratIones  aC  fata. 

qVaDratI  MensaLIs  ConnotatIo. 

De  CornIbVs  In  paLMIs. 

artIs  aDMInICVLa. 

ManVaLe  CheIropaIDIas. 

CaLVMnIje  DerIsIo. 


(= 
}- 


sVb  qVIntA  aVgVstI,  post  seXtaM,  LVCe,  VoCaLIs 
sVsCIpIebatVr  ChIroLogIa  LegI. 

Id  est,  die  xi  Augusti.     Anno  1658. 
eXpLICVIsse  qVater  qVIntA  sVb  LVCe  noVeMbrIs, 
ChIroLogLe  arteIs;  CVLtor  et  aVtor  aIt. 
Id  est,  die  20  Nov.    Anno  1658. 

The  .author  then  proceeds  with  his  preface,  which  comes  to  a  con- 
clusion at  page  36,  where  some  verses  occur  in  company  with  ana- 
grammatic  chronograms  on  the  death  of  John  Hulseman,  probably  a 
worthy  practitioner  of  the  art  of  chiromancy — 


1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 

1658 


1658 


Ifr-J 


476  JOHANNES  PRsETORIUS. 

I  Apt$fiofi€raypafi/iariKOfia  VT€ia. 

^v  DoCtor  Joannes  hVLseManVs,  =     1661 

per  anagramtna 
hoC  De  anno  VenIt  Mors,  saLVs.  =     1661 

Quod  vidi  ante  annos  aliquot,  dixique  Jocatus : 

hoC  De  anno  Hulsmanno  Mors  VenIt  atque  saLVs  =     1661 

En  !  volvenda  dies  Hulsmanno  hoc  attulit  ultro ; 
anno  De  hoC  quo  Mors  VenIt  ei  atque  saLVs.  =     1661 

At  the  head  of  different  sub-divisions  of  the  work  the  author  repeats 
the  chronograms  already  given  at  the  outset  of  this  extract,  and  then 
at  page  432  this  mention  of  himself  occurs — 

'Sectio  secunda,  Historica,  in  qui  traduntur  pauca,  sed  tamen 

ManIfestIora  JVDICIoLa  =     1660 

PRjBDeLInEANTIs  ManV-InSPICINjE.'  =s       1660 

He  tells  us  that  besides  the  date  1660  contained  in  these  four 
words,  the  initial  letters  of  them  are  those  of  the  author's  name — 
'Magister  Johannes  Pratorius,  Marchiacus! 
At  page  437  is  one  of  the  numerous  woodcuts  representing  the 
lines  on  a  pair  of  hands,  with  this  chronogram  (and  some  verses) 
thereon — 

erkLarVng  aVs  Des  seLbst  gehangten  soLDatens  hanDe.  =     1660 
i.e.  An  enlightening  of  the  real  hand  of  a  soldier  ;  or,  An  explanation 
f.  of  the  significant  lines  on  a  soldier's  hand, 

£  A  few  of  the  sub-divisions  which  follow  are  introduced  by  these 

chronogram  titles — 
j/  At  page  474.     paLMIsophLe  JVDICIa.  =     1660 

[  At  page  475.    paLMIsCopLe  InDVbItatIo.  =     1660 

At  page  522.     paLMIsophIjE  VlNDICIiE.  =     1660 

£•  At  page  801.    paLM-InDICII  VranIa.  =     1660 

I  At  page  821  the  name  NICOLAUS  SMID  is  mentioned,  and  therein 

y  the  author  finds  by  anagram  the  unpleasant  appellation  IS  LAICUS 

I  DEMON,  and  the  name  nICoLaVs  sMID  is  made  into  the  chrono-=     1657 

I  gram  of  a  date  to  which  the  author  attaches  some  meaning  of  ill  omen. 

^  A  second  work  by  the  same  author  follows  after  page  856,  having 

(T  this  title  (which  gives  the  date  thereof) — 

CentIfrons  IDoLVM  JanI  =     1659 

Hoc  est 
Metoposcojria  seu  Prosopomantia 
completissima  et  hactenus  desideratissima ; 
cum  centum  et  pluribus  Iconibus  seu 
Capitibus  illustrata ;  memorabili  et  memoriali  methodo 
V  artificiosissime  anno  1659  elaborata,  etc. 

^  (By  Johannes  Praetorius.     Printed  at  Arnstadt,  1661.) 

T-  These  chronograms  occur  at — 

!  -  p.  859.     DjbMonoLogVs  frontIspICII.  =     1659 

\  p.  863.     MetopoLogIC-«  DIVIsIo.  =     1659 


JOHANNES  PR  ATOM  US.  477 

I  find  no  more  chronograms.  The  whole  work  is  illustrated  with 
a  great  many  woodcuts  to  represent  the  lines  on  the  hands  and  face, 
which,  as  it  was  believed,  enabled  the  learned  practitioners  of  the  art 
to  read  the  fortunes  and  character  of  any  person ;  a  curious  engraved 
frontispiece  precedes  the  title-page. 

At  page  545  is  the  Greek  palindrome  sentence  which  I  have 
noticed  in  Chronograms^  p.  414.  It  is  found  inscribed  on  the  bap- 
tismal font  in  a  few  of  the  old  English  churches ;  there  is  one  at 
Bridekirk  in  Cumberland,  Threckingham  in  Lincolnshire,  St.  Mary's, 
Beverley,  St  Mary's,  Stafford,  Harlow  in  Essex,  and  at  Caddington 
in  Bedfordshire;  this  last  was  probably  incised  in  1827.  I  now 
transcribe  the  passage  from  Praetorius — 

'Concludo  cum  monito  cancrino,  quod  Venetiis  Atheno  lustrali 
inscriptum  legit ur' 

NI¥ON  ANOMHMATA  MH  MONAN  0¥IN. 

ue.  Wash  away  my  transgressions  and  not  only  my  face. 


ANOTHER    work    by    Johannes    Praetorius    on    chiromancy, 
palmistry,  etc. — 

Collegium  Curiosutn,  etc., 
printed  at  Leipzig  in  1704,  British  Museum,  press-mark  8630,  aaa, 
does  not  contain  any  chronograms. 


A  volume  of 'tracts  on  comets'  (British  Museum,  press-mark  532. 
e.  22.),  contains  a  tract,  No.  6,  with  this  chronogrammatic 
title— 

beLLerophon  VVLneranDorVM  :  =     1665 

Das  ist  der  neulichste  und  ungeheure 

Wunder-Comet,  etc 

(in  the  year  1665.) 

Autore  Johanne  Praetorio,  ZetlingSL     Leipzig,  1665. 

At  page  1  the  author  refers  to  Virgil,  Georgic  i.,  where  fearful 
celestial  and  terrestrial  omens  are  mentioned,  and  where,  at  line  474, 
may  be  read  that '  Germany  heard  a  clashing  of  arms  all  over  the  sky ;' 
and  at  line  488,  that  '  never  did  more  lightnings  fall  from  a  serene 
sky,  or  direful  comets  so  often  blaze.'    Virgil's  words  are — 

.  .  .  nee  diri  toties  arsere  cometae, 
and  thereupon  the  author  composes  this  chronogram  — 

NON   ALIAS  TOTlES   DlRl  VlGVfeRE  CoMETiB.  =      1665 

At  page  5  the  comet  is  again  treated  as  an  omen  in  the  affairs  of 
Germany,  and  the  event  is  thus  emphasized — 
DeVs  propVgnaCVLVM  nostrae  terrae.  =     1670 

The  reason  for  this  date  is  not  clear. 


^\ 


478  JOHANNES  PRAETORIUS. 

At  page  17  is  this  chronogram — 

LVtheranorVM  CVstoDes.  =     1665 

At  page  84  the  author  remarks,    'vide  ex  parte  D.  Nicolai  de 
Regno   Christi,   und  ex    toto    meinen  VVVnDerforMLIChen==     1666 
allmanach,'  etc. 

I  only  extract  the  chronograms ;  inquiring  readers  can  find  much 
unprofitable  but  curious  explanation  throughout  the  volume  referred 
to  above. 


A  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark  719.  g.  34),  40,  entitled, 
« ALECTRYOMANTIA,  seu  Divinatio  magica  cum  gallis 
gallinaceis  peracta,  etc.,'  by  Johannes  Praetorius.  Francofurti  et 
Lipsiae,  1680.  40.  A  treatise  on  magic  and  divination  by  means  of 
cocks  and  hens  (poultry  birds).  I  find  therein  two  chronograms. 
Chapter  xii., '  De  viribus  imaginationum,'  page  129,  contains  a  passage 
alluding  to  things  which  persons  of  strong  imagination  believe  they 
have  seen  and  done ;  there  are  also  some  Latin  verses  about  the  various 
forms  which  some  one  believed  he  assumed  by  force  of  his  imagina- 
tion, concluding  with  this  couplet — 
ter  nonA  VertIt  natVraM  Vespera  IVnII,  ) 

aVreVs  et  prater  Dens  fLVIt  ore  VIros.  j  ~"     IS96 

The  meaning  of  this  date  does  not  appear. 
A  chapter,  '  De  sagacitate,'  at  page  140,  contains  this  chronogram 
of  the  year  1677 — 

DefVnCtIs  patrIbVs  boreaLIs  habebIt  habenas,  )  _       . 

qVas  taMen  erIpIet  postea  brenno  tVIs.  j  ""     l677 

The  explanation  given  is  both  prolix  and  obscure. 


Another  work  by  Johannes  Praetorius  in  the  British  Museum 
(press-mark  8610.  b.),  40.  The  title  is,  '  De  Coscinomantia,' 
etc.  (Printed)  Curiae  Variscorum.  1677.  The  subject  is  divination 
by  means  of  a  sieve.     It  contains  no  chronograms. 

A  book  in  my  possession   (there  is  also  a  copy  in  the  British 
Museum,  press-mark  8630.  c.     8°.)  bears  this  title — 
Satyrus  Etymologicus, 
Oder  der 
Reformirende  und  Informirende 
RUBEN-ZAHL: 
Welcher  in  hundert  nachdencklichen  und  neu-erfundenen  eines  und 
seines  Namens  derivationibus,  sampt  einer  wackern  compagnie  der 
possirlichsten,  und  wahrhafftigsten  Historien,  von  gedachtem  Schlesis- 


JOHANNES  PR&TORIVS.  479 

chen  Gespenste,  nebenst  andern  beygebrachten  kostlichen  raritaten 

und  argutien,  kiitzlich,  kiirtzlich  und  niitzlich  vorstellet,  sampt  dem 

sonderbahrem  Anhange,  der  kleine  Blocks-Berg  genannt. 

M.  Johannes  Praetorius 

M.  L.  C.  Zetlingd-Palav-Marcoita. 

Im  Jahr 

ICh  muss  so  eIn  gVter  Mann  seyn  aLs  DV  seyn  mVst       =     1667 

The  book  was  probably  printed  at  Leipzig.  It  is  a  fanciful  one, 
a  satire  about  'Rubenzahl/  a  goblin  having  that  appellation,  a  ' 
*  turnip-goblin '  (?) ;  it  must  be  read  carefully  to  be  understood,  if  that 
be  possible.  Something  at  least  may  be  learnt  about  the  witches  of 
Silesia,  the  derivation  of  some  names,  occult  matters,  and  much  else 
that  is  foreign  to  the  subject  which  I  have  in  hand,  viz.,  chronograms. 
The  author  has  much  to  say  in  his  earlier  pages  about  Leipzig  and 
his  own  university  there.  In  the  Thirty  Years'  War  a  battle  was 
fought  near  that  city,  at  Breitenfeld,  a  fortified  camp  held  by  Tilly  and 
the  imperial  forces,  when  they  were  defeated  by  Gustavus  Adolphus 
of  Sweden  on  7th  September  1631 ;  the  event  is  thus  noted  at 
page  65— 

aLtera  post  nonas  septeMbrIs,  et  aVspICe  sVeCo  )  __       6 

ConspeXIt  VICtos  LIpsIa  C^sareos.  )  31 

On  the  5  th  April  1632  the  battle  of  Lech  was  fought,  in  which 
Tilly,  commanding  the  Bavarian  forces,  was  wounded,  and  died  on 
the  30th  April  of  that  year.     This  chronogram  was  intended  to  mark 
the  date;  there  is,  however,  an  error,  it  makes  1636 — 
hostIbVs  In  boIos  perIt,  aCer  tILLIVs  arMIs,  ) 

aC  totIes  VICtor,  VICtVs  ab  hoste  IaCet.  J 

The  author  praises  the  efficiency  of  the  fire-brigade  at  Leipzig, 
and  at  page  80  indicates  by  these  chronograms  two  occasions  when 
fires  were  kept  under  through  its  services — 
VVLCanVs  qVInto  febrVarI  eXtreMa  tVLIsset  I  , 

nI  aCCeLerasset  aqVas  LIpsICa  gnaVa  thetIs.  )  $? 

VVLCanVs  qVInCtA  bIs  seXta  LVCeno  noVeMbrIs  )  6  g 

In  CIneres  VertIs  LIpsIa  ab  Vrbe  Lares.  J  5 

At  page  90  the  death  of  John  George,  Duke  of  Saxony,  is  marked 
by  these  chronograms  of  the  dates  4th  and  5th  February  1657 — 
LethIfer  est  qVartVs  febrVarI  ast  qVIntVs  In  Ipso 
Mensa  DIes  Vt  reX,  LethIfer  aVtor  oVat. 

NamquCy 
persoLVIt  qVarto  febrVarI  LIpsIa  MVLto  )  _       , 

pLanCtV  CcELICoLiE  saXonIs  eXeqVIas.  /  -     l0*7 

Sed, 
eXCepIt  qVInCto  febrVarI  LIpsIa  CLarIs  )  _       , 

sIgnIs  reCtVrI  saXonIs  aVspICIVM.  ]  -     l057 

The  death  of  Joachimus  Camerarius,  Professor  of  Greek  at  Leipzig, 
is  thus  marked — 
attICa  VoX  erat,  et  grjeCo  CaMerarIVs  VsV 


1657 


eXCeLLens,  artes  aVXIt,  obItqVe  seneX.  j  J574 


}- 


1 


}■ 


L 


480  JOHANNES  PRjETORIUS. 

Some  chronograms  relating  to  John  Hulseman,  at  pages  93-98, 
are  confused  and  probably  inaccurate,  but  they  are  unimportant  At 
page  220  commences  some  fanciful  printing;  the  words  are  arranged 
in  lines  of  varying  length,  so  that  the  ends  fall  within  a  boundary 
arranged  to  resemble  certain  objects,  such  as  an  obelisk,  a  tower,  a 
basket,  a  tree,  a  jug,  a  pair  of  scales,  a  heart,  etc. ;  the  words  so  put 
in  short  or  long  lines  thus  form  an  imaginary  outline  of  the  objects. 
This  is  followed  by  the  description  of  a  garden,  containing  certain 
allegorical  and  mythological  structures  and  statues,  with  chronograms 
in  German.  A  full  transcript  of  the  latter  would  be  uninteresting 
without  long  extracts  of  description  and  comment.  The  two  following 
are  specimens  of  the  twenty  given  by  the  author.  This  was  over  the 
entrance  gate  of  the  garden  in  golden  letters — 
VVIe  naCh  erIs  DIe  Irene 

eVer  teVtsChes-reIChes  sohne  *  =       6 

In  oeLzVVeIgen  hat  Versohnt  '  """     I  49 

1st  Von  ChLorIs  DIess  besChont. 
And  this  was  on  a  statue — 

faVnVs  hat  DIes  hergebaVet, 

VVIe  Irene  hat  besChaVet,  v==       , 

VnD  gezIeret  Vnsre  grantz,  I  J  49 

VnD  gegeben  sIeges  krantz.  ) 

At  page  281,  among  some  miscellaneous  notes,  this  occurs — 
'Anno  1 6 18,  factum  est,  quae  prima  malorum 
CaVsa  est,  atqVe  DVCes  beLLIs  aCCenDIt  aMarIs.'  =     2518 

This  is  an  example  of  the  author's  carelessness ;  the  chronogram 
corresponds  not  with  the  date  he  gives  in  figures. 

'Pilsen  (the  town)  anno  16 19  occupata,  Vrbs  trIstIs  CaDIt 
InnVMeros  serVata  per  annos.'  =     1619 

Imitated1  from  Virgil,  /Eneid,  ii.  363.  There  are  three  more  similar 
chronogram  notes  on  the  next  page.  The  German  chronograms 
above  adverted  to  apply  principally  to  the  subject  of  peace,  and  they 
give  dates  of  the  period  just  after  the  termination  of  the  Thirty  Years' 
War.  The  history  of  Riibezahl  (sic)  begins  at  page  375,  and  con- 
tinues to  the  end. 

At  first  sight  this  volume  is  encouraging  to  the  chronogram-hunter ; 
the  title  excites  curiosity,  and  one  is  led  to  expect  that  witchcraft  will 
have  its  share  of  chronogrammatic  attention.  Such,  however,  is  not 
the  case.  The  pages  devoted  to  'Riibenzahl'  and  the  Blocksberg 
goblins  and  witches  are  barren  ground;  at  page  552  there  is  'Ap- 
pendix de  Ludis  Lamiarum  in  Monte  Brucetorum,  quern  Blocks-Berg 
vocant.'  ;.*.  The  sports  of  the  witches  of  Blocks-berg*  According  to 
the  statements  there  made,  it  seems  that  they  are  a  dangerous  sort  of 
people  to  fall  in  or  fall  out  with.  There  is  a  frontispiece  to  the  volume 
which  quite  confirms  this  supposition.  Page  552  terminates  this 
curious  book. 

1  The  line  in  Virgil  is,  •  Urbs  antiqua  ruit,  multos  dominata  per  annos. ' 


JOHANNES  PRjETORIUS.  4S1 

ANOTHER  book  by  Johannes  Pratorius,  in  which  the  name  of 
*  Riibenzahl '  is  prominent  ('  The  Demonology  of  the  Silesian 
Riibenzahl'),  is  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  1080.  b.  37.).  120. 
The  title-page  is  partly  in  chronogram,  and  commences  thus — 

'  DjeMonoLogIa  rVbInzaLII  sILesII,  =     1662 

Das  ist 
Ein  ausfuhrlicher  Bericht,'  etc. 
Printed  at  Arnstadt.     1672. 
The  only  chronograms  are  in  the  preface,  as  in  this  sentence, 
where  the  author  declares  himself  to  be  the  master  of  the  art,  '  Ich 
wil  meinen  Bund  mit  dir  aussrichten,  datz  DV  erVahren  soLt, 
Dosz  ICh  Der  herr  seL*  ==     1662 

He  makes  the  number  of  the  Beast,  666,  out  of  the  name,  by  the 
usual  '  caballa '  notation,  and  by  adopting  a  slight  difference  in  the 
spelling — 

RIEBENDZAL. 


}- 


3s 


3 


666 


80  9    5     2    j    40   4  500  1   20 
The  key  to  the  notation  will  be  found  at  p.  446  of  Chronograms, 
The  preface  concludes  thus — 'Datum  Lipsiae  in  Paullino,  die  1  Jan. 
LIberatorIs,  DoMInI  JesV  ChrIstI.'  =1662 


ANOTHER  book  by  Johannes  Pratorius  is  in  the  British  Museum 
(press-mark  8630.  a.).  8°.  'The  joy  of  the  treasurer'  is  the 
meaning  of  the  chronogram  with  which  the  title-page  commences, 
thus — 

'gazophVLaCI  gaVDIVM,  =     1667 

Das  ist 
Ein  Ausbund  von  Wundschel-Ruthen,  wer  sehr  lustreiche  und  ergetz- 
liche  Historien  von  wunderseltzamen  Erfindungen  der  Schutze/  etc. 
Leipzig,  1667. 

At  page  304  there  is  a  chronogram  which  I  have  already  noticed 
in  Chronograms,  p.  533,  to  which  place  the  reader  is  referred — 

Longa  sIgIsMVnDo  barba  IVbente  perIt.  =     1564 

And  at  page  442  this  occurs ;  it  seems  to  be  the  title  of  a  '  tractate ' 
by  Praetorius  himself — 

annVLorVM  fatIDICVs.  =     1667 

There  are  no  more  chronograms  in  the  book. 


3? 


j 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION, 

AND 

THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION  OF 
THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN  MARY. 


,  T  page  38,  ante,  allusion  was  made  to  my  finding  a 
rare  book  at  Frankfurt-on-the-Main.  I  propose  now 
to  give  some  account  of  it,  and  transcribe  some  of 
its  contents.  It  is  a  thick  folio  volume,  printed  at 
Lou  vain  in  1663,  which  formerly  belonged  to  the 
Carmelite  Monastery,  as  appears  from  the  words  'Carmeli  Frank- 
furtensis,'  written  on  the  title-page,  which  is  as  follows  : — 

MILITIA  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTIONS  Virginis 
Marias,  contra  MA  LI  TI AM  originalis  infectionis  peccati.  In  qui 
ordine  alphabetico  recensentur  auctores  antiqui  et  moderni,  Sancti  et 
alii  ecclesiastici  et  sseculares,  ex  omni  statu  ac  natione  qui  dark  et 
express^,  aut  insinuativfe  et  obscurfe  locuti  sunt  in  individuo  de  ipsa 
praeservatione,  vel  formali  Conceptionis  atque  animations  instanti; 
aut  universaliter  de  incontaminata  ab  omni  macula,  naevo,  labe,  et 
defectu,  vel  aliquid  singulare  in  honorem  virginalis  immunitatis 
molitia  fuerunt. 

Compilata  ac  disposita 
A.  R.  A.  P.  F.  Petro  de  Alva  et  Astorga.     Ordinis  Minorum,  etc  etc. 

Lovanii,  1663. 

The  contents  consist  of  a  bibliographical  dictionary  of  all  the 
writers  who  had  appeared  up  to  the  date  of  the  book  in  support  of 
the  dogma  of  the  Immaculate  Conception .  of  the  Virgin  Mary, 
arranged  in  alphabetical  order  in  two  columns  in  each  page.  The 
book  is  a  very  rare  one,  there  is  no  copy  in  the  British  Museum,  and 
during  a  very  extensive  inquiry  at  Continental  libraries  and  among 
antiquarian  booksellers,  only  two  copies  have  come  to  light,  namely, 
the  one  in  the  town-library  at  Frankfurt,  and  one  at  Louvain. 


- -  ;  ■     .•  -*w 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION.  483 

There  is  a  handsome  engraved  frontispiece  to  the  volume,  repre- 
senting dignitaries  of  the  Church  and  State,  holding  in  their  hands 
pens  tipped  with  arrow-points,  ready  for  fight  (militia),  and  regarding 
with  adoration  the  Virgin  Mary  above,  who  stands  on  the  crescent, 
whilst  the  serpent  (malitia)  is  being  demolished  by  the  end  of  the 
cross-staff,  with  which  she  is  piercing  its  head.  The  emblems  of  the 
four  Evangelists  surround  her.  The  serpent  is  with  its  head  on  the 
ground,  the  tail  erect,  supporting  the  crescent,  on  which  the  Virgin 
Mary  stands. 

At  column  1392  of  the  book  it  is  mentioned  that  Sebastianus 
Fievet,  ordinis  Minorum  Belga,  singulis  Joannis  Bapt  Agnensis 
Anagrammatibus  de  Immac.  Conceptione  B.  V.  chronica  adjunxit, 
et  cum  illis  pariter  in  lucem  edidit,  hoc  modo.  Psalterium  ana- 
grammaticum  Marianum  Immaculatum,  seu  centum  et  quinquaginta 
anagrammata  prorsus  pura,  pro  Maria  Deipara  Virgine  Immaculate 
concepta;  quae  D  JOANNES  BAPT.  AGNENSIS  Cyrnaeus 
Calvensis,  eminentissimi  principis  S.R.E.  Cardinalis  Julii  Rospigliosii 
Aulicus,  soli  memorise  vi  (nam  oculorum  lumine  orbatus  est)  eruit 
ex  his  salutationis  Angelica  verbis:  'Ave  Maria  gratia  plena 
Dominus  tecum,'  achrosticfe  reducta.  Quibus  totidem  adjunxi 
chronica  (ex  ipsis  anagrammatibus  majori  exjparte  eruta)  desidera- 
tissimi  illius  anni  1662,  quo  exoptatissima  fidelium  votis  bulla  Sanc- 
tissimi  D.  nostri  Alexandri  vn.  in  favorem  piae  sententiae,  et  festi  ac 
cultus  Immaculate  Conceptionis  B.  Maria  Virginis  Deipara  edita, 
cum  solemni*  gratiarum  actione  publicata  est  in  Belgio.  Deiparae 
Virgini  Mariae  semper  immaculatae,  Dominae  suae  clementissimae 
infimus  servulus  Joannes  Baptista  Agnensis,  Ave  Maria,  gratis  plena, 
Dominus  tecum.  Ex  interno  mentis  lumine  dedi  cor  meum  in 
similitudinem  picturae,  quam  in  bono  tuo  lumine  colloco,  Lampas 
indeficiens.  Ecce  triginta  et  unum  Angelici  hujus  Acroamatis,  veluti 
Mensis  tui  totidem  dierum  numero  distincti,  characteres  seu  litteras, 
tanquam  totidem  Stellas  ordine  vario  choreas  agentes,  ac  Immaculatae 
tuae  gloriae  ancillantes,  et  amabili  concursatione  alia  ex  aliis  Elogia 
Tibi  texentes,  Tibi  sisto,  Illuminatrix  Maria.  Accipe  haec  sidera 
noctis  meae.  Ita  mihi  longa  haec  oculorum  nox  erit  illuminatio  in 
deliciis  meis,  dum  Tu  eris  oculus  caeco  tuo  :  nam  ad  laudes  tuas,  ut 
vides,  caeci  vident  Te  feram  in  oculis  cordis  amore  non  caeco,  dum 
per  Te,  gratia*  plena  hie  luce  gratiae,  olim  lumine  gloriae  sim  videns. 
Hoc  est  Domina,  quod  150  hisce  anagrammatibus,  veluti  totidem 
psalmis  tuis,  Tibi  canunt,  et  jam  defecerunt  oculi  mei  dicentes; 
Domina,  quando  consolaberis  me  ?  Ecce  lumen  oculorum  meorum 
ipsum  non  est  mecum,  sed  tecum  est,  dum  est  Dominus  tecum; 
Dominus  illuminatio  mea  et  salus  mea.  Hoc  est,  quod  ccecus  clamo 
secus  viam;  Domina  ut  videam  Filium  tuum  in  patria;  et  nunc 
lumen  oculorum  meorum  erit  mecum.. 

From  this  we  learn  that  Sebastian  Fievet  preserved  or  published 
the  works  which  Johannes  Baptista  Agnensis — who,  being  blind,  yet 
through  the  power  of  memory  alone— composed  on  the  subject  of  the 


484 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


3ih 


■^/t? 


'Immaculate  Conception/  one  of  which  was  a  Psalter  with  150 
entirely  '  pure*  anagrams1  on  the  words  of  the  angelic  salutation, 
'Ave  Maria,1  etc.,  together  with  the  same  number  of  chronograms 
in  words  taken  from  the  anagrams,  to  make  the  year  1662,  in  which 
Pope  Alexander  vn.  issued  his  bull  confirming  the  adoption  of  the 
dogma  then  published  in  Belgium.  The  touching  words  of  the  blind 
author's  address  to  the  Virgin  are  then  quoted  to  the  following  effect: — 
Lo !  by  the  inward  light  of  my  mind  I  give  my  heart  in  the  similitude 
of  a  picture,  and  place  it  in  thy  fair  light,  which  is  an  unfailing  lamp 
to  me.  Behold  the  31  letters  or  characters  in  this  angelic  'acroama,' 
corresponding  to  the  like  number  of  days  in  thy  particular  month,  as 
it  were  the  same  number  of  stars  moving  in  changeful  course  as  hand- 
maids to  thy  Immaculate  glory,  and  weaving  praises  upon  praises  to 
thee  in  loving  concurrence ;  I  set  them  before  thee,  O  Mary  of  Light ! 
Accept  these  stars  of  my  night  Thus  may  this,  the  long  night  of  my 
eyes,  be  an  illumination  for  my  happiness,  whilst  thou  wilt  be  as  an 
eye  to  thy  blind  one ;  for,  be  it  to  thy  praise,  as  thou  seest  so  also  do 
thy  blind  ones  see.  For  with  the  love  which  is  not  blind  I  bear  thee 
in  the  eyes  of  my  heart,  which  is  not  blind;  whilst  through  thee 
who  art  full  of  grace,2  here  by  the  light  of  grace  I  may,  as  formerly, 
have  the  power  of  sight  by  the  light  of  thy  glory.  It  is,  O  Lady,  that 
in  these  150  anagrams  as  if  so  many  psalms  of  thine  (my  eyes  failing 
me)  I  sing,  saying,  O  Lady,  when  wilt  thou  console  me  ?  Behold,  the 
very  light  of  my  eyes  is  not  with  me,  but  it  is  with  thee  while  the  Lord 
is  with  thee.8  The  Lord  is  my  light  and  my  salvation.  This  is  what 
I  cry  along  my  path,  being  blind ;  O  Lady,  grant  that  I  may  see  thy 
Son  in  His  kingdom,  then  will  the  light  of  my  eyes  be  again  my  own. 
By  these  thoughts  the  blind  author  was  encouraged  whilst  writing 
the *  Anagrammata  et  Chronica  achrostica  de  Immaculata  Conceptione 
Beatae  Marias  Virginis,  ex  his  salutationis  verbis  eruta ' 4 — 

Ave  Maria  gratiA  plena,  Dominus  tecum. 


Anagrammata. 
Adam  et  Eyam  in  macula 

*  purfe  ignofastl 

Virgo    plank    munda,    ac 

"  Mater  Jesu  amftrV " 
En  tu  immaculata  es,  nam 

*  yirgo  Ttejparar  ~ 


Chronica. 
aDm  aC  bVjE  LapsVM  IgnorastI.=     1662 

VlRGO    pLan£    pVra,    aC  Mater 

DeI.  =     1662 

en    tV    CLara    es,     naM  VIrgo 

DeIpara.  =     1662 


1  An  anagram  is  said  to  be  '  pure  *  when  the  number  of  letters  in  each  sentence  is  equal, 
and  every  letter  in  the  one  sentence  is  used  in  the  other,  or  in  all  the  others  of  a  series. 
The  writers  of  the  following  works  use  the  word  also  with  allusion  to  the  purity  of  the 
Virgin  Mary.  ■  plena  gratia.  »  dominus  tecum. 

*  These  are  the  author's  own  words,  implying  that  the  words  of  the  Angelic  Salutation 
(Ave,  etc.)  constitute  the  program  of  the  anagrams  in  the  first  column,  and  that  the  words 
of  the  adjoining  chronograms  are  composed  on,  or  out  of,  those  of  the  anagram.  Observe 
that  the  initial  letters  both  of  the  anagrams  and  of  the  chronograms,  when  read  down- 
wards, compose  the  words  of  the  '  Ave,  etc. 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


Mature  nego    in    Deipara 

justa  maculam. 
Alma  Dei  Virgo  ante  casum 

praemunita. 
Regina  mire  tuta  a  lapsu 

communi  Adas. 

Ignorat  Eva  secunda  malum 

primae?  ita. 
Age  munda,   i  pura,   tota 

mire  sine  macula. 
Genui     Creatorem     alma, 

munda,  justa,  pia. 
Regina  pia  et  summa,  tu 

munda  coeli  ara. 
Age  idea  sane  clara  omnium 

puritatum. 
Tanta  Virgo  mere  immunis 

a  culpa  adae. 
Io  regina,  pura,  munda,  et 

Immaculata  es. 
Animata  sum  pura  a  Rege 

dulci  mei  Nato. 
Pura  unica  ego  sum,  mater 

alma  nati  Dei. 

Lapsum  ac  reatum  Adami 

nivea  ignoret. 
Eia     munda     parens,     et 

Immaculata  Virgo. 
Nivea  Mater  Jesu,  culpam 

ignorat  Adam. 
Atri  sine  macule  o  Divam 

pure  genitam  ! 

Digna  Mater  Jesu  et  pura 
a  macula  omni. 

0  Divam    ingenti  macula 
praeservatam ! 

Maculam      iramve      Adas 
penitus  ignorat. 

1  Regum    patrona:      en 
Dives  Immaculata  es. 

Negamus  jure  maculam  in 
tota  Deipara. 

Una  est  Immaculata  Virgo : 

en  Deiparam. 
Si  pariat  una  Deum;    en 

ergo  Immaculata. 


485 

MatrI  DeI  nVLLa  LVes.            =  1662 

A  CasV  aDaMI  tV  LIbera.           =  1662 

regIna  Casta  a  LapsV  aD/e  MIre 

tVta.                                           =  1662 

In  eVa  seCVnDa  non   est   Labes 

prIM^.                                       =  1662 

age    I    pVra    a    sorDe,    et   sIne 

.  MaCVLa.                                    =  1662 

GenVI  sIne  MaCVLa  aD^e.           =  1662 

RegIna  tV  MVnDa  CceLI  ara.    =  1662 

Age  IDea  SANfc  CLara  p  VrItatVM.  =  1 66  2 

tota     nItIDa     est,     et     absqVe 

MaCVLa.                                     =  1662 

Io  regIna  pVra,  MVnDa  et  CLara 

es.                                               =3  1662 

A    REGE     DVLCI     NATO     PVRk     ANl- 

Mata.                                           =  1662 

PVra  VnICa,  aLMa  DeIpara.       =  1662 

LabeM     ADiE     aC     eV*     nIVea 

Ignoret.                                    =  1662 

kIa    MVnDa     parens    et    CLara 

VIrgo.                                         =  1662 

NIVea    parens    CVLpaM    Ignorat 

aDje.                                          =  1662 

aDVenIo  sIne  MaCVLA.               =  1662 

DeIpara  tota  pVra  sIne  MaCVLA.  =  1662 

0  DIVaM  sIne  CVLpA  !                 =  1662 
MaCVLata  non  fVIt  DeIpara.  =  1662 

1  regVM  patrona,  en  DIVa  CLara 

es.  =  1662 
NegatVr   MaCVLa    In  totA    DeI- 

parA.  =  1662 
Vna  est  CLara  VIrgo;   en    DeI- 

paraM.  =  1662 
Si  parIat  Vna  DeVM,  ergo  tota 

CLara.                                         =  1662 


486 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


Tu  ergo  Immaculate  ;  nam 

Deipara  venis. 
En    Virgo    pariet    Deum, 

sana,  Immaculata. 

Coeli  sum  margarita,  nivea, 
apte  munda. 

Una  est  Deipara  Virgo :  en 
Immaculatam. 


Magna  Deipara  venit,  morsu 
mali  vacet. 


TV  DeIpara;  ergo  sIne  MaCVLa.=     1662 


EN    VIRGO    PARlET    DeVM    SANA    ET 

CLara.  =     1662 

CceLI    MargarIta  VeneranDa  et 

pVra.  bs     1662 

Vna     est     DeIpara     VIrgo,  en 

CLaraM.  =     1662 

Magna   DeIpara  VenIt;    a   Labe 

VaCet.  =     1662 

Chronicon. 
aVe  gratIA  pLena,  aVe  Mater  beneDICta.  =     1662 


A  nagrammata. 
Age  Patrona  mundi,    jure 

immaculata  es. 
Virgo  antea  Immaculata,  en 

paris  Deum. 
Euge    mali    nescia,    pura, 

munda,  mira  tota 
Magna  Deipara  unice  tuta 

e  morsu  mali. 
Age    pure    animata,    mire 

cumulata  donis. 
Regina  Eva  summo  amanti 

pura  dilecta. 
I  alma,  intacta,  Eva  Virgo 

semper  munda. 
Alme  ignita,  en  micat  pura 

domus  aurea. 
Germinavi  pure,  tota  sine 

macula  Adam. 
Regia  tu  pure  munda,  anima 

amicta  sole. 
Area  pura  nati  Dei,  eum 

tegam  almo  sinu. 
Tu    jure    Immaculata,     o 

Magna  Dei  Parens. 
Ista    Eva    regina    mundo 

alme  pura  micat. 
A  macula  pura,  esto  etiam 

mundi  Regina. 
Purior  Angelis,  Deum  unice 

amata  amat. 
Ligni  amari  pura  a  nece,  tu 

h  summo  data. 


Chronica. 
age  patrona  MVnDI,  IVre  CLara 

es.  =     1662 

Virgo    antea    CLara,    en    parIs 

DeVM.  =1662 

eVge  MaLI  nesCIa  aDa  et  eV*.=     1662 

Magna    DeIpara    VnICe   tVta    A 

Labe.  =     1662 

Age  regIna  CVMVLata  DonIs.    =     1662 

RegIna  A    Labe   aDaMI   aC    eVm 

PRiESERVATA.  =       1662 

I  pVra  atqVe  DILeCta  Mater.  =     1662 


aVLa  DeI  pVre  MICans. 


=     1662 


GerMInaVI    Caste    absqVe    Labe 

aDjE.  =     1662 

regIa      tV      pVra,      soLe      Deo 

aMICta.  =     1662 

aVLa  sVM  sanCta  et  nItIDa.    =     1662 

TV  pVLChra  tota,  MarIa  DeI- 
para. =     1662 

In     spLenDore     eXorta,     sanCta 

MarIa.  =     1662 

A     CVLpA    MVnDa     esto,     orbIs 

regIna.  =     1662 

pVrIor     angeLo,    a    Deo    VnICe 

aMata.  =     1662 

LIgnI  a  neCe  tV  MVnDa  es.     =     1662 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


EUdo  immane  caput,  ruat 

anguis  amarfe. 
Nominer  Deipara,  auguste 

Immaculata. 
A  nece  mali  duri  pomi  tu 

magna  servata. 
Deipara  inventa  sum ;  ergo 

Immaculata. 
O  Jesu    en   digna  Mater, 

pura,  Immaculata. 
Miraculum  magni  Der,  ea 

sane  tota  pura. 

Inviolata  pergam,  ac  munda 

Mater  Jesu. 
Numen  paris ;  age,  o  Diva 

ter  Immaculata. 
Virgo  est,  ac  praemunita  in 

Adae  malum. 
Sola  purfc,  ac  mire  munda, 

animata  vigeL 
Tu   regia  munda,  animata 

coelum  aperis. 
Ergo  sine    macula    avita : 

nam  Deum  parit 

Coeli  summa  janua,  pura  et 

digna  Mater. 
Verum  Dei  Agnum  intacta 

a  malo  paries. 
Mater,  Virgo  pia,  jam  vale 

sanctfc  munda. 


Ego  pVra  Mater  CapVt  serpentIs 
eLIDo.  = 

NOMINER  DElPARA  aVgVsT^ 

CLara.  = 

A  neCe  DVrI  poMI  soLa  serVata.= 


487 


1662 

1662 
1662 


DeIpara  tV  reperta;    ergo   sIne 

MaCVLA.  =     1662 

O    IesV    en    DIgna    Mater,    tota 

pVLChra.  =     1662 

MaCVLa  aD*  non  fVIt  In  eA.  =     1662 

InVIoLata  aC  MVnDa  parens.    =     1662 
NVLLa  DIe  sVb  MaLIgno.  =     1662 

VIrgo     MVnDa     et     sanCtItate 

pLena.  =     1662 

SpLenDIDa  tota  eXorta  est  Casta 

DeIpara.  =     1662 

TV  CceLVM  aperIs,  o  DeIpara.  =     1662 

ego   ADiE   et   eVje    CrIMen   soLa 

eVasI.  =     1662 

CceLI   tV   porta,  pVra   et  DIgna 

Mater.  =     1662 

VIrgo    Mater    IntaCta    A   LapsV 

ADiE.  =     1662 

Mater     pIa,     VaLe,      o     VIrgo 

DeCora.  =     1662 


Chronicon. 
aVe  DeCora  Inter  MVLIeres. 


=     1662 


Anagrammata. 

Aurum  ego  nitens,  Imma- 
culata Deipara. 

Vivam  Deo  integra,  Imma- 
culata parens. 

En  virgo,  en  Deipara  sum 
et  Immaculata. 

Mater  pura  Agni,  uno  Deo 
Immaculata  es. 

Amici  en  pura  genuit  Adam 
salvatorem. 


Chronica. 

AVrVM  ego  nItens  CLara  DeI- 
para. =     1662 

ViVaM    Deo    Integra    et    CLara 

parens.  =     1662 

ego    Mater    DeI,     fILIa    patrIs, 

sponsa  spIrItVs  sanCtI.  =     1662 

Mater     agnI     sIne     Labe     eVa 

seCVnDa.  =     1662 

AbsqVe  MaLeDICtIone  EViE.       =     1662 


488 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


Regina  summfe  Diva,  purfe 

intacta  a  malo. 
Immaculata  nites,  eia  ergo 

pura,  munda 
Almfe  amata,  i  Virgo  pura, 

munda  nitesce. 
Genui  increatum,  sat  pura 

h  malo  Adami. 
Regina  o  summfe  nitida,  et 

pura  a  macula, 
A  culpa   jam  munda    es, 

Virgo  intemerata. 
Tu    parens    veri    Dei,    o 

magna  Immaculata. 
I    age    pura   a    sorde,    et 

munita  in  maculam. 
Ante  originem  pura  Imma- 
culata vades. 
Procul  anguis  a  me,   una 

Mater  Dei  amati. 
Lacta  sinu  amato  Regera 

mundi ;  eia  pura. 
En  Virgo  nata  Diva,  semper 

Immaculata. 
Natum    Dei    una    paries; 

ergo  Immaculata 
Apertfe  Immaculata,  i,  Virgo 

sanb  munda. 
Dei  summa  imago,  clara  et 

pura  inventa. 
O    vera    Immaculata,   Dei 

gnatum  pariens ! 
Multi    pomi     en     vacas, 

Regina  Diva  Mater. 
Ista  Virgo  almfe,  purfe,  ac 

mundfe  animata. 
Nata  Dei  Virgo,  una  semper 

Immaculata 
Virgo    veneranda,  ipsamet 

Immaculata. 
Sanfe  digna  meritove  pura, 

Immaculata 
Tu  magni    electa  amoris ; 

eia  pura,  munda. 
En  pura    Dei    amans,    et 
Immaculata  Virgo. 


regIna     CceLI     tota     pVra     et 

MVnDa.                                       =  1662 

Ignoras  CVLpaM  eV«,  o  DeIpara.  =  1662 

A    CasV    protopLastI     ADiE     PR-fi- 

MVnIta.                                      =  1662 

GenVI  IntaCta,  sat  pVra  e  MaLo 

aDjE.                                            =  1662 

RegIna  DeIpara  pVra  MACVLiE.=  1662 

A  MaLo  VaCat  VIrgo  DeIpara.  =  1662 

TV  parens  DeI,  o  pVLCherrIMa.  =  1662 

Ista  VIrgo  aLM£  et  pVr£  a  Deo 

Creata  est.                               =  1662 

ArCa  pVra,  aLMa  VIrgo  DeIpara.  =  1 662 

ProCVL  angVIs  a  Matre  DeI.    =  1662 

LapsVs  aCreatVs  (sic)  aDaMI  non 

est  In  ea.                                   s=  1662 

EN  habItaCVLVM  DeI.                 =  1662 

NatVM    DeI    Vna    parIes;    ergo 

CLara.                                         =  1662 

A    DeIpara   MarIa  qVare    CVLpa 

non  abesset?                            =  1 662 

DeI    IMago    CLara    atqVe    pVra 

REPERTA.                                                        =  1662 

O  beneDICta  sVper  MVLIres  !    =  1662 

MvLtA  protoparentIs  en   VaCas 

DeIpara.  =  1662 
In  spLenDorIbVs  sanCtorVM  orta 

est.  =  1662 
Non    fVIt     LjEsa    a    CasV    aDjb 

MarIa.  =  1662 
VIrgo        VeneranDa,        IpsaMet 

CLara.  =  1662 
SANfe    DIgna,    MerIt6Ve    pVra  et 

CLara.  =  1662 
TV  eLeCta,  atqVe  sponsa  aMorIs 

DeI.                                             =  1662 

en  aMans  pVra  a  IesV  DILeCta.  =  1662 


Goeli  merfe  gaudium  Nata 

pura  amantis. 
Virgo  Dei  nata:  nam  pure 

Immaculate  es. 
Mater  pura  Agni  immolati, 

Eva  secunda. 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 
CceLI  gaVDIVM. 
VIrgo  CceLVM  DeI  es. 


489 
1662 
1662 


Mater     DILeCtIonIs,     speI,     et 

iNTEGRiE  PVRlTATlS.  =       1 66  2 


Chronicon. 
aVe  proCVL  DeIpara  MarIa. 


=     1662 


Anagrammata. 
A     macula     Adae      virgo 

patenter  immunis. 
Vera  tu  primogenita,  sine 

macula  Adam. 
Ev&  te  dignam    juro  sine 

macule  partam. 
Mitis,    pura,    Immaculata, 

ego  veneranda. 
Adoravi    te    puram,    sine 

macula  genitam.  * 

Regina    sum   Empirei,    ac 

aula  tota  munda. 
I  ergo  pura,  i  sank  munda, 

et  Immaculata. 
Amata  purfe  et    munda  e 

macula  originis. 
Gaude  Eva,  spin£  malorum 

mirk  intacta. 
Reginam    videtis    a    nota 

maculae  puram. 
Almfe  micas  tota  pura,  Eva 

mundi  Regina. 
Tu,  o  alma,  specie  tua  mira, 

i,  regna  munda. 
Ingenua,    provida,     Mater 

Immaculata  es. 
Adami     ignoret     maculam 

Eva,  uti  parens. 
Palatium  emicans  auro,  et 

regia  munda. 
Longfe  caput  irae  a  summa 

Divini  Matre. 
Ego   Eva,   armis   Paracleti 

munita,  munda. 


Chronica. 
AbsIt  MaCVLa  a  VerA  DeIparA.=     1662 

Ver^  genIta  sIne  MaCVLA  ADiE.  =     1662 
EN  tabernaCVLVM  DeI  nostrI.  =     1662 

MItIs,  pVra,  CLara,  ego  Vener- 

anDa.  =     1662 

aDoraVI  te  ortaM  sIneCVLpA.=     1662 

regIna  CceLorVM  DeIpara  ;  ergo 

pVra.  =     1662 

I  ergo  tota  MVnDa,  sIne  CVLpA.  =     1662 

ADiE    aC    EViE     LabeM     penItVs 

Ignorat.  =     1662 

GaVDe  eVa  IntaCta  a  MaLIs.     =     1662 

RegIna  DeIpara  a  notA  MaCVLje 

pVra.  =     1662 

A  Deo  ab   IngentI   MaCVLa  prjE- 

serVata,  =     1662 

TV     IVre     Labe     Cares,     Magna 

DeIpara.  =     1662 

iNCONTAMlNATA    ADiE    ATQVE    EViE 

proLes.  =     1662 

aDaMI  CVLpa  a  te  Ignorat Vr.  =     1662 

ProgreDItVr  sIne  MaCVLA.        =     1662 

LoNGfe   CapVt    iRiE    A    Vera    DeI 

Matre.  =     1 662 

Kgo   eVa  pVra,  arMIs  paraCLetI 

Defensa.  =     1662 

3Q 


1 


49© 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


Naevum,  et  maculam  ignor- 

asti  Deipara. 
Animata  mundfe  ac  almfe  tu 

paries  Virgo. 
Do  Reginam  puram,  et  sine 

macula  avita. 
O    Diva    ignara    maculae, 

primatum  tenes. 
Munda  venis,  Virgo  amata, 

prima  electa. 
Iugum  Adami  en  procul  a 

te,  sana  et  mira. 
Nitore    Diva    emicas,    tu 

magna  almfe  pura. 

Vivi  Dei  o  sanfe  claram  et 

puram  gnatam ! 
Sum  Mater  Unigeniti  a  Deo 

pura,  ac  alma. 
Templum   Dei  sum,   Area 

ignara  notae  Avi. 
Ea  pura  a  malo  mira  genuit 

Sanctum  Dei. 
Gano  Reginam  jurfe  tutam 

e  lapsu  Adami. 
Virgone  semper  munda  a 

macula  ?  ita,  ita. 

Munda  mali  vigeat  super 
omnia  creata. 


NjeWs  non  est  InCasta  et  aLMa 

DeIpara.                                       =  1662 

ALMfe    Creata    tV    parIes,    Vera 

DeIpara.                                       =  1662 

Do  regInaM  abs  CVLpa  aVIta.=  1662 

O  DIVa  Ignara  MaCVLje  !  =1662 

Mater  DeI  tV  VIrgo  eLeCta.  =  1662 


IVGVM      ADiE     LONGfe      EST      A      TE, 

sanCta  ET  pIA.  = 

Non  te  MaCVLaVIt  orIgo  aD>e.= 

Vna  seMper   CLara,    VIrgo    DeI 

NATA.  = 

SVM  arCa  et  aVLa  natI  DeI.,    = 

Tota    pVLChra    est    Vna    MarIa 

DeIpara.  = 

Ea   pVra  a   Labe  parIt  sanCtVM 

DeI.  = 

CanDore    sVperat    oMnes    fILIas 

eVje.  = 

VIrgone      seMper       Defensa      A 

CVLpa  ?  Ita.  = 

M VnDa  est  ergo,  pVra  et  CLara  ? 

Ita,  Ita.  = 


Chronicon  duplex. 
aVe  DeIpara  sIne  MaCVLa  >b  aVe  MVLIer  beneDICta.  < 


Anagrammata. 
Angelorum   Diva,   et  purfe 

animata  micas. 
Vale    pacis    Mater,    Virgo 

mundfe  animata. 
Ego  superna,  Immaculata, 

divina  Mater. 
Genita1  Diva  Mater,  pura 

omnis  maculae. 
Reginam  (at  naevo  puram) 

laeti  dicamus. 


Chronica. 
AbsqVe  MaCVLa  proDIIt.  = 

VaLe  DIVa  Mater  paCIs.  = 

ego     sVperna,      CLara      DIVIna 

Mater.  = 

GenIta  DeIpara  pVra  MaCVLa.  = 


1662 
1662 


1662 
1662 


1662 
1662 

1662 

1662 

1662 

1662 
1662 

1662 

1662 


1662 
1662 


ReorVM  aDVoCata  est,  ergo  sIne 
Labe  sIt. 


=     1662 


1  The  five  lines  made  on  the  initial  letters  MARIA  seem  to  have  been  accidentally 
omitted  from  the  original  print ;  they  ought  to  precede  this  line. 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


491 


Anguis  periit    coram   Eva 

munda  et  alma. 
Tu    pia,   munda    e    malo, 

sacrive  Agni  Mater. 
Io  Regina  amata,  die  tu : 

En  almfe  pura  sum. 
Anima    summe    pura,    en 

Regia  tota  lucida. 
Porta    mirae    lucis,    euge 

animata  munda. 
Luctum    amari   pomi   eva- 

dens,  regia  Nata. 
En  Paradisum,  at  ignotum 

irae  maculae. 
Natum    Dei    genuit,   pura 

caro  mea  a  malis. 
Anguem      elimino,     casta 

mater,  pura,  diva. 
Duce  amoris  igne,  tu  alma 

purfe  animata. 
O  munda    a    macula    per 

merita  Jesu  Gnati ! 
Munda  es,  Regina,  a  tactu, 

primaevo  mali. 
Immunis    a    macula,     en 

Deipara,  ergo  tuta. 
Natum    Dei    lactavi,    ego 

amans  mirfe  pura. 
Virgo       semper      munda, 

intacta  a  vae  mali. 
Signum   coeli,   diva,  pura, 

en  mater  amata. 
Tu  ergo,  i,  jam  per  secula, 

animata  munda. 
En     civitas     alma,     pure 

munda  Regi  amato. 
Glare  pura,    ideo    amantis 

amatum  genuL 
Viget,  Roma,  en  diva  parens 

Immaculata. 
Munda  a  maculi,  i,  Jesum 

parito,  et  regna. 


ADest  soLa  VIrgo,   sVper    oMnes 

speCIosa.  =1662 

TV  pIa  et  pVra  a   MaLo,  sanCta 

DeIpara.  =     1662 

Io     Casta     DeIpara,    tV     *lMk 

pVra.  =     1662 

An   non   regIa  tota   LVCIDa   est 

pVra  Mater?   .  =     1662 

Porta  LVCIs  tV  Mater  DeI.       =     1662 

Labe   Careo;   qVIa    DeIpara   ego 

sVM.  =     1662 

En  DVLCeDo  Vera  paraDIsI.      =     1662 

Non   est^MaCVLata   parens  VerI 

DeI.  =     1662 

AngeLIs  pVrIor,  DeVM  Confero.=     1662 


DeItatIs  es  speCVLVM. 


=     1662 


OMnes    fILIas  aD^e     hmeC     Vna 

sVperat.  =     1662 

MVnDa      est  et      pVra      CceLI 

regIna.  =     1662 

Integra  est   a   MaCVLA  DeIpara 

ergo  tVta.  =     1662 

NatVM  DeI  ego  LaCtaVL  =     1662 

Virgo  soLa  DraConeM  effVgIt.=  1662 
SanCtorVM  gLorIa  tV  DeIpara.  =  1662 
Te  non  tetIgIt  MaCVLa  aDjE  et 

EViE.  =       1662 

En    CIVItas    DeI    nostrI    aLtIs- 

sIMI.  =     1662 

CLARfc  pVra;  IDeo  a  IesV  aMata.  =     1 662 

VIget   en  DIVa  parens  CLara  o 

roMa.  =     1662 

MVnDa  a   CVLpA,   I,    parIto    et 

REGNA.  =       1662 


After  some  anagram  allusions  to  Pope  Alexander  vii.,  there  are 
the  following  sixty  chronograms  'of  the  year  1662,  concerning  the 
Immaculate  Conception  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  each  one  in  sue- 


492  THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION 

cession  commencing  with  the  letters  which  compose  the  words  of  this 
'  antiphon ' — 

'  HiEC  EST  VIRGA,1   IN   QUA   NEC   NODUS   ORIGINALIS,  NEC   CORTEX 
ACTUALIS   CULPiE   FUIT.1 

HiEC  VIrgo  DeIpara  est  Ipsa  proprIa  VIrga  Iesse,  In  qVa 
neC    noDVs    orIgInaLIs,    neC    CorteX  aCtVaLIs    NoXiE 

fVIt.                                                                                          =  1662 

uErVMna  eV;e  Carens  peperIt;  ergo  sIne  Labe  ADiE  nata  est.  =  1662 

CjeLestI  partV  DIgna  est;  ergo  a  Matre  tota  pVra  nata  est.  =  1662 

est  pVra  ConserVata  a  Labe  seMInIs  ADiE.                          =  1662 
SpIrItVs  sanCtVs  te  habet  sponsaM  ;   ergo  Labes  ADiE  te 

non  tanget.                                                                             =  1662 

tVta  soLa  est  a  neCe  DVrI  poMI.                                          =  1662 

Vna  DeIpara  tota  sIne  MaCVLa.                                             =  1662 

INTACTA  PRiESERVATA  EST  PARENS  MESSliE  A  LABE  ADiE  ET  eVjE.=  1 66 2 

rea  non  fVIt  In  MaCVLa  ADiE.                                               =  1662 

GENEROSA    HiEC    SOLA    NATA   EViE,    PEPERlT   SINE    DoLORE ;    ERGO 

HiEC  so  La  Caret  peCCato  ADiE  et  EViE.                            =  1662 

ANNiE   PROLES  A   CONTAGlO   MVnDI    PRiESERVATA.                              =  1662 

IsTA  TOTA   PVRA  SINE   MaCVLa  ADiE.                                                         =  1 662 

NatVraM  partICIpas,  at  non  sorDes  et  Labes  EViE.            =  1662 

qVIa  DeVM  generas,  patrIa  Labe  Cares.                                =  1662 

Vna  ADiE  nata  a  MorsV  LetIfero  serpentIs  non  taCta.    =  1662 

Ab  ADiE  Labe  PRiESERVATA  est  soLa  Mater  saLVatorIs  nostrI.  =  1662 

Non  est  MaCVLata  VIrgo  DeIpara.                                        =  1662 

ES   PRiESERVATA   LABE   CaRENS   PRiEVISA   MORTE   DeI.                      =  1662 

ChrIstIfera  est  MVnDa  a  LapsV.                                            =  1662 

NON  TETlGlT  TE  MVLCTA  ADiE   ET  EViE.                                               =  1662 

OMnI  Labe  EViE  VaCat  DeIpara.                                              =  1662 

DeCeBAT  TE  A  NATO   PRiESERVARl    A   LABE   MATRlS  EViE.             =  1 662 

Vna  Mater  ChrIstI  absqVe  Labe  ADiE.                                  =  1661 

SPONSA  PARENS  ET   NATA  EST   DElTATlS,  ERGO  ABSQVE   MaCVLA.=  1662 

OMnes  sVperat  soLa  beneDICta  VIrgo.                                  =  1662 

rVat  CoLVber  pestIfer  ante  DeIparaM.                                =  1662 

In  te  feCIt  Magna  soLVs  potens  DeVs.                                =  1662 

GratIa  DeI  ante  ortVM  PRiESERVATA,  Labe  Carens  nata  est.=  1662 

In  ConCeptIone  peCCatI  nesCIa  MarIa,  plfe  CoLItVr.       =  1662 

Ne  teMporIs  pVnCto  sVbest  DIaboLo.                                    =  1662 
aLeXanDer  papa,  oro  te,  DeCernas  hanC  In  ConCeptIone 

non  peCCasse.                                                                         =  1662 

Labe  Caret,  si  parItVra  DeVM  est.                                      =  1662 


1  These  words  occur  in  the  '  Votive  Masses  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,'  '  A  rod  of 
Jesse  hath  budded,'  etc. 


OF  THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN.  493 

IgnorastI  pVr£  LabeM  aDm  aC  eVje.  =  1662 

SVM  DeIpara  InVenta;  ergo  Labe  Careo.  =  1662 

NItIDa  tota  est,  et  absqVe  MaCVLA.  =  1662 

esse  Debet  pVra  parens  agnI  sIne  MaCVLA.  =  1662 

CieLI  DoMIna  Vna  tota  pVra  est.  =  1662 

CLara  DebVIt  esse  DeIpara  a  n>eVo  aDjE.  =  1662 

O  VIrgo  Mater  tota  LVCIDa  es.  =  1662 

rIDet  soLa  MarIa  faLsos  astVs  tVos  faLse  serpens.          =  1662 

tota  pIa  IVsta  MVnDa  et  Labe  Carens  est.  =  1662 

eVjB  et  aDjE  MaLI  prorsVs  nesCIa  est.  =  1662 
XenIVM  DatVr  VnIVerso  orbI,  In  haC  VnA  atqVe  penItVs, 

pVrA  VIrgIne.  =  1662 

A  Matre  DeI  proCVL  est  angVIs.  =  1662 

ChrIstIfera  sVM;  ergo  a  Labe  aDm  pVra.  =  1662 

Tota  pVLChra  es  MarIa  a  sorDIbVs.  =  1662 

VnICa  Mater  DeI  pLan&  pVra.  =  1662 

Ab  eVA  MaCVLatA  propagata;  at  tota  nItIDa.  =  1662 

Libera  est  Vna  et  soLa  InteMerata  pLan£  a  sorDe  EViE.=  1662 

InfeCta  non  est  Mater  DeI  LVe  eV*.  =  1662 

SIne  MaCVLA  aD^e  est  Vna  sponsa  Ioseph.  =  1662 

CapVt  serpentIs  Ipsa  soLa  pessVM  Dat.  =  1662 

Vna  PROLES  ANNjE  A  CONTAGlO  aDaMI   PRjESERVaTA.  =  1662 

LapsVs  aDaMI  Vna  est  nesCIa.  =  1662 

Plfe,  MarIa  a  sCoto  (sic)  tVetVr  a  Labe  aDje.  =  1662 

^EMVLA   EViE  TOTA   INTACTA   ET   NlTENS   A   SORDE.  =  1 662 

fILIa  est  ADiE  et  eVje,  seD  absqVe  sorDe  Creata.  =  1662 

VIrgo  est  A  MaCVLa  ADiE  tota  Integra.  =  1662 

IntaCta  est  soLa  VIrgo  DeVM  generans.  =  1662 

te  absqVe  sorDe  genItaM  hoC  Labore  honoraVI.  =  1662 

soLI  Deo  et  tIbI  MarIa  sIt  perennIs  LaVs 

HONOR   ET   GLORIA.  =  1662 

Chrotiica. 

pVLChrItVDo  MarLe  =  1662 

tanDeM  orbI  pVbLICatVr  =  1662 

ab  aLeXanDro  roMano  pontIfICe  =  1662 

pVrIssIMa  DeCLaratVr.  =  1662 

IntaCta  a  Labe  aDaMI  atqVe  EViE.  =  1662 

orDInIs  seraphICI  fILII  IntegrItatIs  DeI  parentis 

assertores  et  defensores.  =  1 66  2 

Alia. 

aVe  MarIa  ChrIstIpara,  fILIa  patrIs  sponsa  DeI.  =  1662 

aVe  DVLCeDo  paraDIsI.  =  1662 


494 


THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION.  ETC. 


aVe  MVLIer  beneDICta  = 

aVe  arCa  et  paLatIVM  DeI.  = 

aVe  DeIpara  sIne  MaCVLA.  = 

After  the  conclusion  of  these  chronograms,  we  find  the  subjoined 
square  or  labyrinth,  composed  of  the  following  words — 

tota  pVra  est  DeIpara  MaCVLa  non  est  In  ea.  = 

and  we  are  told  in  the  Latin  sentence  how  many  times  they  may  be 
read  by  following  the  letters  along  and  down  the  lines  of  arrangement. 

Chronographicurn 
in  laudem  Beatissimae  Virginis  sine  peccato  originali  concepts,  quod 
pleno  sensu  ad  prodigium  variari  potest  per  millies  decies  centena 
millia,  centies  mille  chyliades,  sexies  mille  sexcentas  et  octoginta 
myriades,  et  ter  mille,  centum,  et  sex  vices.  Or,  as  they  may  be 
translated — 

A  thousand  times  ten  hundred  thousand, 
A  hundred  times  a  thousand  chiliads  (a  chiliad  =  1000?), 
Six  times  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  eighty  myriads  (a  myriad = 
10,000?), 

And  three  thousand  one  hundred  and  six  changes. 
I  do  not  undertake  to  reduce  the  author's  elements  into  ordinary 
figures,  or  to  prove  his  calculations;  or  even  to  state  how  many 
transpositions  or  combinations  can  be  made  out  of  the  34  letters.  If 
his  own  words  'pleno  sensu'  are  to  be  taken  as  meaning  that  the  full 
sense  of  the  words  may  be  read  such  a  vast  number  of  times  in 
different  directions,  I  must  claim  to  reserve  my  belief. 


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The  notice  of  the  marvellous  work  of  the  blind  author,  e  composed 
by  the  power  of  his  memory,'  as  I  find  it  in  •  Alva  et  Astorga,'  comes 
to  an  end  shortly  after  this  labyrinth.  The  number  of  anagrams  is 
150,  and  of  chronograms  261.  This  extraordinary  performance  is  at 
least  equalled  by  what  now  follows. 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION.  495 

A  NOTHER  very  remarkable  work  by  the  same  blind  author  is 
£\^  mentioned  in  cAlva  et  Astorga/  columns  712-723,  to  the 
following  effect : — Joannes  Baptista  Agnensis  Cyrnaeus,  Calvensis 
Italus,  attached  to  the  court  of  Cardinal  Julius  Rospigliosi,  composed 
from  the  words  of  the  angelic  salutation,  '  ave  maria,'  etc.,  556  pure 
anagrams  for  the  Virgin  pure  and  conceived  entirely  without  original 
sin,  through  the  power  of  memory  alone,  for  he  was  blind,  and  unable 
to  inspect  any  words  written  on  paper.  The  author  makes  many  sad 
allusions  to  his  blindness ;  he  exhibits  great  ingenuity  in  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  anagrams  in  various  sections,  and  when  we  contemplate  this 
work  and  that  already  quoted  at  large,  we  cannot  help  being  astonished 
at  the  accomplishment  of  such  a  task.  The  production  of  706  chrono-  ^^  A,  r  ? 
grams  and  261  anagrams  on  the  same  original  set  of  words,  would  be  £/r  c^o  - 
a  performance  of  very  great  difficulty  to  any  person  in  possession  of 
perfect  eyesight.  His  last  anagram  line  on  the  c  Ave'  is — 
Virgo,  i,  munda  Parens,  Mater  Arnica,  vale ! 

This  work  seems  to  have  been  printed  in  'broad-sheets,'  there  is 
no  mention  of  a  book. 

There  are  no  chronograms. 

LAMBERTUS  PEV&E  wrote  46  anagrams  on  the  'program* 
of  the  angelic  salutation,  each  containing  159  letters;  each 
anagram  is  associated  with  one  or  two  chronograms,  84  in  all, 
which  are  allusive  to  passages  in  the  Bible,  but  not  composed  of  the 
exact  words ;  they  are  rather  an  echo  of  the  anagrams  in  Bible  phrases. 
The  author  is  thus  mentioned  by  Alva  y  Astorga,  column  899-905 — 
1  LAMBERTUS  PEV&E,  ordinis  Minorum  Belga,  scripsit  inter 
alia,  sequentia :  Gloria  Immaculatl  concepts  Dcipara  Virginis  MARiiE 
totius  ordinis  Seraphici  Patronae,  variis  S.  Scripturae  locis  et  chronicis 
adumbrata,  et  23  anagrammatibus  prorsus  puris,  ex  AngelicH  Saluta- 
tione  integri,  prout  ab  ecclesia  recitanda  proponitur  deductis, 
exornata.'    Then  follows  what  Pev^e  wrote — 

This  is  the  '  programma,'  containing  159  letters — 
Ave  Maria  gratis  plena,  Dominus  tecum,  benedicta 
tu  in  mulieribus,  et  benedictus  fructus  ventris  tui  Jesus. 
Sancta  Maria,  Mater  Dei  ora  pro  nobis  peccatoribus 
nunc  et  in  hora  mortis  nostrae.     Amen. 

This  is  the  first  anagram  thereon,  containing  159  letters — 
Siste  Adam :   ob  Jesum  Virgo  summfe  tuta  vincet ; 
in  acerbi  carnis  ac  mundi  peste,  ab  hominum  sordibus 
pure  intacta    nitens   a    Romano   pontifice    declaratur. 
Jure  arbor  vitae  sanct&  virens  intus  claret. 

Having  given  this  example,  I  pass  over  the  anagrams ;  they  are 
remarkable  for  their  number  and  for  their  individual  length,  and  are 


496 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION. 


undoubtedly  the  leading  feature  of  the  work,  but  not  within  my 
particular  subject;  the  chronograms  apart  from  them  are  rather 
devoid  of  interest     The  references  are  to  the  Vulgate  Version. 

pVLChrItVDo  MarIae  =  1662 

tanDeM  orbI  pVbLICatVr.  =  1662 

ab  aLeXanDro  roMano  pontIfICe.  =  1662 

pVrIssIMa  DeCLaratVr.  =  1662 

DIrVM  serpentIs  CapVt  pLanta  proterens.     Genesis  iii.  =  1662 

tVrrIs  ebVrnea  CanDore  spLenDIDa.     Canticles  vii.  =  1662 

LILIVM  aLbI  nItorIs  Inter  spInas  aD-«.     Canticles  ii.  =  1662 

eVa  sIne  Vae  MaLeDICto.    Genesis  iii.  =  1662 

CanDeLabrVM  VerbI  aeternI.     Exodus  xxv.  =  1662 

speCVLVM  DeItatIs.     Wisdom  vii.  =  1662 

arCa  nob  DILVVIo  non  Mersa.    Genesis  vii.  =  1662 

MarIa  rVbVs  flagrante  CharItate  arDens.     Exodus  iii.  =  1662 

VeLLVs  geDeonIs  IMbre  Largo  rorans.    Judges  vi.  =  1662 

tVrtVr  Casta  Deo  aMabILIs.    Canticles  ii.  =  1662 

DoMIna  Vt  soL  VnICa.     Canticles  vi.  =  1662 

LVna  pLena  seMper  fVLgIDIor.    Canticles  vi.  =  1662 

paLMa  In  CaDes  eXorIens.     Ecclesiasticus  xxiv.  =  1662 

0D0R  rosae  aMoenae  eXhaLans  e  IerICho.    Same.  =  1662 

MarIa  genVIna  Deo  rrInCIpI  fILIa.    Genesis  vii.  =  1662 

VIrgo  praeCLara  Man£  aDIVta.     Psalm  xlv.  =  1662 

opes  aMoenae  hortI  aD  fVres  CLaVsI.     Canticles  iv.  =  1662 

fons  CLarVs  ab  oMnIpotente  Deo  sIgnatVs.     Same.  =  1662 

thronVs  sanCtVs  DeI  saLoMonIs.     3  Kings  x.  =  1662 

DoMVs  praeparata  ChrIsto  saLVatorI.     i  Chronicles  xviii.  =  1662 

tota  pVLChra  est,  tota  DIVIna,  tota  forMosa,  =  1662 

paraDIsVs  pVLCherrIMa.     Canticles  iv.  =  1662 

aVrora  nItIDa  ante  soLeM  ConsVrgens.     Canticles  vi.  =•  1662 

Deo  Vero  reCLInatorIVM.     Canticles  iii.  =  1662 

nVbes  DIeI  atrIs  In  tenebrIs  CLarIssIMa.    Psalm  lxxvii.  =  1662 

non  sorDens  MaCVLA  orbI  gratI:  obVenIt.  =  1662 

qVasI  oLIVa  De  CaMpo.     Ecclesiasticus  xxiv.  =  1662 

narDo  CoeLItVs  IMbVta.    Canticles  i.  =  1662 

MarIa  Vt  aCIes  orDInata  hostI  terrIbILIs.     Genesis  vi.  =  1662 

IVDIth  fortIs  MaLIgnI  pernICIes.    Judith  xiiL  =  1662 

sVper  aLtos  ChrIstI  Montes  fVnData.     Psalm  lxxxvi.  =  1662 

gLorIosa  DeI  regIs  oMnIpotentIs  CIVItas.    Same.  =  1662 

arCa  pVra  e  LIgno  setIM  tota  DeaVrata.     Exodus  xxv.  =  1662 

nato  aDIVtorIVM  pLaCens.     Genesis  (sic).  =  1662 

CoLVMna  DIVIna.     Canticles  ii.  =1662 

aLtare  DeaVratVM  InCensI.     Exodus  xxxv.  =  1662 

orbIs  nostrI  DeCVs  In  aLtIssIMIs  habItas.     Ecclus.  xxiv.  =  1662 

tabernaCVLVM  DeItatIs.     Psalm  xlv.  =  1662 

IanVa  aD  orIenteM  CLaVsa.     Ezekielxliv.  =  1662 

CoLVMna  IgnIs  tenebras  De  orbe  fVgans.     Exodus  xiii.  =  1662 

CeDrVs  sVpreMa  LIbanI.     Ecclesiasticus  xxiv.  =  1662 


THE  ANGELIC  SALUTATION.  497 

MIrrha  et  LeCta  sVaVIter  oDora.    Same.                            =  1662 

Veste  DeaVrata  regaLIter  aMICta.    Psalm  xliv.                    =  1662 

DILata  noVItas  sVper  terraM  faCta.     Jeremiah  xxxi.  (?)     =  1662 

♦■•■♦ 

ego  VIrgo  nIgra,  seD  pVLCHRfe  forMosa.    Canticles  i.          ==  1662 

ego  pLatanVs  MIstICa  prope  aqVas  fronDens.   Eccl.  xxiv.  14.=  1662 
ego  fLorIDVs  fLorIs  thaLaMVs.    Canticles  i.                          =1662 

ego  aroMatICa  e  Deserto  VIrgVLa.     Canticles  iii.                 =  1662 

ego  aqVa  VItae  De  LIbano  DesCenDens.     Canticles  iv.          =  1662 

ego  aManDa  ChrIstI  soror  parVVLa.    Canticles  viii.             =  1662 

ego  CoLVMna  nVbIs  per  DIes.     Exodus  xiii.                             =  1662 

ego  InVIoLata  foeDerIs  arCa  MIIsterIIs  referta.  Exod.  xxvi.  =  1 662 

ego  terra  saCerDotaLIs  trIbVtVM  non  praebens.  Gen.  xlvii.=  1662 

ego  InCensVM  VItae  reDoLeo.     Leviticus  xvi.                         =  1662 

ego  tabernaCVLVM  DeItatIs.    Psalm  xlv.                                =  1662 


The  twenty-six  chronograms  which  then  follow  are  repetitions  of 
some  of  those  which  have  gone  before,  but  adapted  to  different 
anagrams.  The  whole  concludes  with  the  following  words,  from 
which  it  may  be  inferred  that  the  work  of  Pev£e  had  not  been  printed 
before  the  publication  by  Alva  y  Astorga — 

'  Habemus  manuscripta  apud  nos,  in  4V 

FRANCISCUS  GODINUS  of  Brussels  wrote  a  book  which  is 
mentioned  by  Alva  et  Astorga,  column  427-431 ;  the  title 
commences,  '  ACHROSTICA  CHRONICA,  sive  Litania  Chrono- 
grammatica  Deiparse  V.  Mariae  sine  originali  peccato  concept®,'  etc 
The  translation  whereof  in  full  is  to  this  effect — Acrostic  chronograms, 
otherwise  a  Chronogrammatic  Litany  of  Mary  the  Virgin  mother  of 
God,  conceived  without  original  sin,  put  forth  when  the  bull  for 
the  Immaculate  Conception  of  the  same  Virgin,  issued  at  Rome 
by  Pope  Alexander  vn.  on  3d  December  166 1,  was  published  at 
Brussels  with  the  greatest  solemnity  and  ceremony  on  3d  April  1662, 
at  the  instance  of  King  Philip  iv.  the  Catholic,  and  by  the  command 
of  Andrew  Creusen,  archbishop  of  Mechlin  and  primate  of  Belgium. 

Magnificat  anima  mea  Dominum  et  exultavit  spiritus 
meus  in  Deo  salutari  meo. 

Anagramma. 
Sum  Immaculata  Virgo  Deipara,  satanas  de  me  nil 
tenuit,  mox  jus  meum  notum  fiet. 

[The  initial  letters  of  the  following  litany,  beginning  at  the  word 
alma,  compose  these  words,  '  Ave  I  gratis  plena  Dominus  tecum, 
benedicta  tu  in  mulieribus,  et  benedictus  fructus  ventris  tui  Jesus ; 
sancta  Maria  Mater  Dei  ora  pro  nobis  peccatoribus  nunc  et  in  hor& 
mortis  nostra.'] 

3* 


498  THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION 

Litania  Chronogrammatica. 

VnI  CanteMVs  Deo  kyrIe  eLeyson,  =  1662 

pI£  et  DeVotI:  soneMVs  ChrIste  eLeyson.  =  1662 

eVge  DICaMVs  kyrIe  eLeyson.  =  1662 

ChrIste  fe  Matre  absqVe  Labe,  aVDI  nos.  =  1662 

tV  pater  t  CoeLo  DeVs,  MIserere  nobIs.  =  1662 

fILI     saLVator    orbIs,     eDIte    parente     sIne      Labe,  )  66 

MIserere  nobIs.  j 

soLator    DeVs     sponse    pLanI:    absqVe    Labe    sponse,  )  =  ,, 

MIserere  nobIs.  j 

sanCta  trInItas  In  Vno  Deo  orIgo  sponsae  sIne  Labe,  )  =  ,, 

MIserere  nobIs.  j 

ALMa  DeIpara  noXae  nesCIa.  =  1662 

VlRGO  absqVe  aDaMI  Labe  reCepta,  =  1662 

eIa  Casta  prae  reLIqVIs  nItIDIssIMa.  =  1662 

GenIaLIs  Mater  absqVe  VLLa  sorDe.  =  1662 

RegIna  aDae  aVt  eVae  MaLa  nesCIens.  =  1662 

Ab  aDae  CVLpa  tVtIssIMa.  =  1662 

TVta  ab  oMnI  CVLpa  DeIpara.  =  1662 

Ignorans  pLaCVLVM  aDae.  =  1662 

aLtera  eVa,  seD  pVra  et  sanCta,  Ignorans  anterIoreM.  =  1662 

pIa  DeLICtVM  non  habens  eVae.  =  1662 

Labe  DVrI  poMI  tVta  Carens.  =  1662 

kIa  pIa  a  CVLpa  MVnDa.  =  1662 

nItIDa  pVra  non  MaCVLata.  =  1662 

aLabe  orIgInea  MVnDa  aC  pVra.  =  1662 

DeIpara  absqVe  CVLpa  anIMata.  =  1662 

O  DeIpara  sIne  MaCVLa  eVae.  =  1662 

Mater  DeI  pVra  sIne  CVLpa,  =  1662 

Integra  et  absqVe  CVLpa  aDaMI.  =  1662 

Non  MaCVLata  parens,  seD  orIgIne  pVra.  =  1662 

YlRGO  DeIpara  a  sCeLere  priMo  (sfc)  serVata.  =  1662 

SeCVnDa  eVa,  sIne  Labe  prIMae.  =  1662 

Ter  sanCta  MVnDa  sIne  Labe  VIrgo,  =  i66t 

eLeCta  et  DIVa  pneVMatIs  sponsa  =  1662 

CLara  IDea  pVrItatVM.  =  1662 

VIrgo  aDae  CVLpaM  Ignorans.  =  1662 

Mater  DeI  a  Labe  VnICA  praeserVata.  =  1662 

BENEDICT  A  ANTE  oMNES  ABSQVE  LaBE  VIRGO.  =  1 662 

eIa  eVa,  seD  eVae  MaLa  nesCIens.  =  1662 

NItIDa  et  absqVe  MaCVLa.  =  1662 

Enthea  VIrgo  MVnDa  aC  sIne  Labe.  =  1662 

DoMIna  sIne  Labe  pVra  atqVe  Casta.  =  1662 

I'nVIoLata  Mater  aC  a  Deo  praeserVata.  =  1662 


OF  THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN  MARY.  499 

Casta  MVnDI  regIna  a  Labe  tVta.  =  1662 

tVta  absqVe  Labe  aDaMItICa.  =  1662 

AborIgInea  CVLpa  MVnDa.  =  1662 

Tota  sIne  MaCVLa  aDae  InVenta.  =  1662 

VIrgo  DeIpara  non  MaCVLata.  =  1662 

IntaCta  DeIpara  a  Labe  eXeMpta.  =  1662 

Non  MaCVLata,  qVIa  DIgna.  =  1662 

Mater  ab  orIgInea  sorDe  soLa  eXCepta.  =  1662 

VIrgo  seCVra  De  oMnI  Labe.  =  1662 

Laeta  neC  obnoXIa  DeI  Mater.  =  1662 

Integra  a  Labe  aDaMI  eXCepta.  =  1662 

EXCepta  DeI  Mater  sIne  Labe.  =  1662 

Rara  absqVe  CrIMIne  et  LVe  aDae.  =  1662 

InteMerata  DeIpara  soLa  eXCepta.  =  1662 

Beata  DeI  Mater  a  Labe  VnICA  serVata  =  1662 

VlRGO  MVnDa  Casta  sIne  Labe.  =  1662 

SanCta  et  foeLIX  DeI  Mater.  =  1662 

EXeMpta  ab  orIgInea  CLaDe.  =  1662 

Tota  pVLChra  VIrgo  DeI  Mater.  =  1662 

beneDICta  VIrgo  Mater  absqVe  Labe.  =  1662 

EIa  DIgna  MVLIer,  arborIs  prohIbItae  non  partICeps.     =  1662 

NItIDa  et  absqVe  MaCVLa.  =  1662 

ELeCta  DeI  Mater  sIne  noXa.  =  1662 

DeIpara  pIa  neqVaqVaM  LabefaCta.  =  1662 

In  aeternVM  beneDICta  absqVe  Labe.  =  1662 

CLara  DeI  Mater  sIne  noXA.  =  1662 

TVta  sIne  Labe  aDaMI  aC  eVae.  =  1662 

VlRGO  DeIpara  orIgInaLIs  MaLI  nesCIa.  =  1662 

SIne  noXA  aLMa  et  beneDICta.  =  1662 

fILIa  DeI  patrIs,  fILIIqVe  Laeta  Mater.  =  1662 

regIs  Mater  VaLDe  pIa  Casta  et  pVra.  =  1662 

VlRGO  pIa  aC  pLane  MVnDa.  =  1662 

Casta  et  ab  aDae  noXa  oMnIno  LIbera.  =  1662 

TV  serVata  a  CLaDe  prIMarIa.  =  1662 

VlRGO  MarIa  ab  aDae  sCeLere  pVra.  =  1662 

SoLa  MVnDa  Casta  pVra.ab  orIgIne.  =  1662 

VlRGO  Mater  a  Labe  CVstoDIta.  =  1662 

EIa  DIVa  non  MaCVLata.  =  1662 

NItIDa  aC  pVra  absqVe  Labe  Mater.  =  1662 

Ter  Casta  et  DIVa  MVLIer.  =  1662 

regIna  MVnDI  Casta  et  a  Labe  tVta.  =  1662 

Innata  a  CLaDe  pit  eXeMpta.  =  1662 

SanCta  MVLIer  DlGNfe  praeserVata  =  1662 

ter  DIVa  Casta  saLVa  et  pIa  Mater.  =  1662 


5oo  THE  IMMACULATE  CONCEPTION 

VlRGO  Data  sIne  CrIMIne  orIgInaLI.  =  1662 

Integra  et  sIne  MaCVLa  aDae  et  eVae.  =  1662 

IMago,  et  ante  oCVLos  ponenDa  VIrgo.  =  1662 

kLeCta  VIrgo  et  DIVa  Mater.  =  ^62 

SIne  CVLpa  aDaMI  et  eVae.  =s  ^fa 

VlRGO  praeMVnIta  a  Labe  aDae  aC  eVae.  =  1662 

SanCta  VIrgo  Mater  a  Deo  sIne  Labe  serVata.  =  1662 

SanCta  MarIa  sIne  Labe  aDe  aVt  eVae.  =  1662 

AngeLIs  qVae  pVrIor  CoraM  Deo.  =  1662 

Non  MaCVLata,  at  pVra  et  nItIDa.  =  1662 

Casta  et  DIVa  MVLIer.  —  x662 

TVtIssIMa  a  aDae  CVLpA.  =  x662 

AB  orIgIne  pVra  CLara  et  MVnDa.  =  1662 

Mater  DeCora  InVIoLata  et  pVra.  =  1662 

AbsqVe  orIgInea  aDae  MaCVLa.  =  x662 

Rara  et  Chara  reLIqVarVM  IDea.  =  ^62 

Inter  MVLIeres  a  Deo  ConserVata.  =  1^62 

AB  orIgInea  CVLpa  MVnDa.  —  I6$2 

Mater  DeI  Carens  LVe  aVIta.  =  ^62 

AB  orIgInea  sorDe  CLara  et  eXeMpta.  =  t^2 

TV  terrae  DeLICIVM.  -.  X552 

eIa  pIa  MVnDa  a  CVLpA.  =  l66a 

rIte  MICans  et  VaLDe  pVra.  —  l6$2 

DeIpara  qVae  CoeLVM  aperIs.  =  x^2 

ELIDens  CapVt  serpentIs  pVra  Mater.  —  T^2 

Inter  oMnes  VnICe  ab  aDae  Labe  serVata.  =  r662 

O  VIrgo  In  DeLICto  orIgInaLI  non  anIMata.  =  1662 

ReLIqVarVM  Chara  IDea.  —  T^2 

Ante  orIgIneM  pVrIfICata  ab  orIgInaLI  sorDe.  =  1662 

pVra  aC  aLMa  VIrgo  DeIpara.  =  x^2 

regIna  MVnDI  Labe  VaCans.  =  x^2 

O  Mater  DeCora  pVra  et  InVIoLata.  =  ^62 

NonqVaM  LabefaCta  VIrgo  DeIpara.  =  j662 

OrIgInaLI  VItIo  DeIpara  MarIa  Carens.  =  1662 

Beata  VIrgo  sIne  MaCVLa  aDae.  =  t^2 

InVIoLata  Mater  haVD  LabefaCta.  =  2662 

SIne  CVLpA  aDaMI  et  eVae.  =  2^2 

PIa  CVMVLata  DonIs.  =  ,55, 

EXeMpta  DeIpara  ab  Innato  sCeLere.  =  j662 

Casta  et  ab  aDae  noXa  oMnIno  LIbera.  =  1662 

Casta  et  angeLIs  pVrIor  ante  DeVM.  =  rffo 

AVIta  CLaDe  oMnIno  tVta.  —  t^2 

TotI  CoeLo  gaVDIVM  =  t^2 

O  Mater  De  CaeLo  qVae  VenIstI.  =  T^2 

RegIs  pIa  parens  haVD  MaCVLata  =1662 


OF  THE  BLESSED  VIRGIN  MARY.  501 

Integra  DeIpara  absqVe  MaCVLa.  =  1662 

BasILICa  Mater  a  Deo  pVra  praeserVata.  =  1662 

VIrgo  MarIa  Casta  absqVe  Labe  aDae.  =  1662 

SanCtIssIMa  parens  absqVe  Labe  aDae  et  eVae.  =  1662 

Non  InVenta  MaCVLata  DeIpara.  =  1662 

VIrgo  DIgna  Carens  Labe  parentVM.  =  1662 

Non  MaCVLata  VIrgo  DeIpara.  =  1662 

Carens  DeIpara  MarIa  orIgInaLI  VItIo.  =  1662 

kVge  sIne  Labe  CVstoDIta  Mater.  =5  1662 

TrIaDIs  speCVLVM.  =  1662 

Integra  absqVe  VLLA  Labe  aDaMI.  =  1662 

Ne  VtIqVaM  In  sCeLere  aDae.  =  1662 

HaVD  LabefaCta  parens,  at  pVra  ab  orIgIne  Mater.  =  1662 

O  DIVa  hVManae  saLVtIs  QaVsa.     (This  makes  1672.) 

rara  et  pVra  sIne  CVLpA  aDaMI.  =  1662 

AB  orIgIneA  sorDe  CLara  et  eXeMpta.  =  1662 

Mater  DeI  pVra  sIne  CVLpA.  =  1662 

O  gaVDIVM  CoeLI.  =  1662 

regIna  DIVa  CoeLorVM.  =  1662 

tVrrIs  ebVrnea  Carens  Labe  aDaMI.  =  1662 

Integra  DeIpara  et  absqVe  MaCVLA.  =3  1662 

SIne  MaCVLA  DIVa.  =  1662 

NItIDa  pVra  non  MaCVLata.  =  1662 

OrIgIneA  a  CVLpA  MVnDa.  =  1662 

SanCta  et  pIa  a  LapsV  aDaMI  tVta.  =  1662 

tVtIssIMa  ab  aDae  CVLpA.  =  1662 

rara  absqVe  aDaMI  sCabIe  et  LVe.  =  1662 

AbsqVe  CVLpA  aDae  ante  orIgIneM.  =  1662 

eIa  VaLe  DoMIna  pVra  et  Casta.  =  1662 

sIC  DIVa  Mater  VaLe.  =  1662 

VaLe  VaLe  sIne  Labe  aDaMI.  =  1662 

beneDICta  In  aeternVM  VaLe.  =  1662 

agnVs  DeI  aVferens  sCeLera  nostra  MIserere.  =  1662 

agnVs  DeI  aVferens  sCeLera  nostra  MIserere.  =  1662 

agnVs  DeI  aVferens  sCeLera  nostra  MIserere.  =  1662 

y.  ora  pro  nobIs  DeIpara  pVra  non  MaCVLata.  =  1662 

1%.  Vt  nobIs  sIt  CLeMens  DeVs.  =  1662 

Oremus.  Deus,  qui  per  Immaculatam  Virginis  Conceptionem 
dignum  Filio  tuo  habitaculum  praeparasti ;  quaesumus,  ut  qui  ex 
morte  ejusdem  Filij  sui  praevisa,  earn  ab  omni  labe  praeservasti ; 
nos  quoque  mundos  ejus  intercessione  ad  te  pervenire  concedas. 
Per  eundem  Christum  Dominum  nostrum  Filium  tuum,  qui  tecum 
vivit  et  regnat  in  unitate  Spiritus  Sancti  Deus  per  omnia  saecula 
saeculorum.  Amen.  Paulus  v.  16 15.  10  Julii  concessit  100  dies 
Indulgentiarum  devote  hanc  Oratione  recitantibus. 


$02 


THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS 


Celeuma  sive  Exhortatio. 

hanC  VIrgIneM  absqVe  Labe  aDorate.  =  1662 

qVonIaM  -De  CoeLo  VenIt.  =  1662 

IMo  DIgna  prorsVs  sIne  sCabIe  orIgInaLI.  =  1662 

LIbera  Verat  ILLaM  DeVs.     (stc.)  =  1662 

kmC  enIM  fVtVra  erat  Laeta  DeIpara.  =  1662 

DeVM  In  Carne  LAETfe  parItVra.  =  1662 

MaCVLa  haVD  est  In  IstA.  =  1662 

Ipsa  a  CVLpA  aDae  oMnIno  tVta.  =  1662 

ILLa  MlRfe  pVra  a  LapsV  aDae.  =  1662 

MaCVLa  aDae  In  eA  non  est  VIa.  =  1662 

MVnDa  ILLa  atqVe  sIne  Labe.  =  1662 

peperIt  ILLa  absqVe  Labe  DeVM.  =  1662 

pVra  DeI  Mater  non  LabefaCta  fVIt.  =  1662 

Ad  Virginem  immaculatam. 

VIrgo  Mater  sIne  Labe  te  aDVoCo.  =  1662 

saLVaM  te  praeDICo  VIrgo.  =  1662 

LVes  parentVM  nIhIL  pLan£  aD  te.  =  1662 
pestIfera  qVID  LVes  teCVM?    (This  makes  1667.) 

nIL  prorsVs  Casta  et  DIVa  Mater.  =  1662 

qVaM  LAETfe  pVr*:  et  CASTfe  IngreDerIs  !  =  1662 

beneDICVnt  te  genItaM  absqVe  Labe.  =s  1662 

tota  CIVItas  absqVe  Labe  nataM  te  aDorat.  =  1662 

MaLIgnVs  a  te  reCeDat  angVIs,  =  1662 

qVIn  et  oMnIno  reCeDat  LoNGi  pVra,  =  1662 

qVIa  aDae  CVLpaM  Ignoras.  =  1662 

eIa  VIrgo  toLLat  per  te  MaLa  nostra  DeVs.  =  1662 

InterIM  tV  VaLe,  6  DeCora.  =  1662 
Amen.     Lib.  impress.  Bruxellis,  1662,  in  8°. 

JACOBUS  POCHETIUS  or  Pochet  wrote  a  book  containing 
acrostic  chronograms  on  the  words  of  the  Angelic  Salutation  and 
the  Immaculate  Conception  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary,  which  is 
thus  mentioned  by  Alva  y  Astorga, '  Jacobus  Pochetius,  Belga  poeta  in 
Hbro  APOLL1NIS  SPIRITUALIS  ORACULUM,  sive  pro  elec- 
tione  Imperatoris  ad  sacros  Imperii  Electores,  etc,  fol.  48,  in  saluta- 
tionem  Angelicam,  ad  illud :  Ave  Maria ;  inquit :  Ave  Regina  cceli, 
quae  fuisti  et  eris  semper  sine  vse  peccati.  Ave  pax,  gaudium  et  salus 
mundi,  etc    Vide  alia  ibi.    Lib.  impress.  Francofurti,  1658,  in  I2.'1 


1  I  possess  a  copy  of  the  work  bearing  this  title,  procured  at  Frankfort.    It  is  dated 
Ad,  consequently,  it  does  not  contain  the 
A  notice  of  my  copy  is  at  page  505,  infra. 


165 1,  and,  consequently,  it  does  not  contain  the  chronograms  which  follow,  of  the  year 


J 


THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  P0CHET1US. 

ChronICa  aChrostICa  pL*  VIrgI^I 
MatrI  Labe  CarentI  saCra.1 
aVe  Mater  DeI  Chara,  VIrgo  pLena  gratIA. 
Vers  CLara  pIetas  et  pVra  DeI  IMago. 
eVge  MaLI  In  te  aD.*  et  eVae  nesCIa. 
Magna  DeIpara  VnICe  tVta  a  LabIs  nota. 
a  neCe  Interna  DVrI  poMI  soLa  serVata. 
regIna  CceLI,  Io  1  tota  pVra  et  MVnDa. 
Ignoras  CVLpa  Me  Vm  o  pIa  DeIpara. 
angeLIs  pVrIor  Ipsa  DeVM  Confers. 
gaVDe,  tV  a  MaLItIa  es  IntaCta. 
regIna  pVLCherrIMa  VIrgo  Deo  grata. 
a  MaLo  eVae  VaCas,  Io  pIa  DeIpara. 
tVta  es,  o  DIgna  regIna,  MaCVLa  non  est  In  te. 
In  spLenDore  eXorta  es,  pIa  et  sanCta  MarIa. 
arCa  In  te  pVra,  aLMa  VIrgo  DeIpara, 
porta  LVCIs  tV  nobIs  es,  o  Mater  DeI  ! 
LapsVs  aCreatVs  aDaMI  non  te  tangIt  et  angIt. 
en  Ipsa  es  habItaCVLVM  DeI. 
naeVVs  non  est  In  te,  o  IntaCta  DeIpara.2 
aVLa  DeI  pVrItate  MICans  es. 
DVLCeDo  speI  a  sVperIs  nobIs  Data, 
o  VERfe  beneDICta  Inter  MVLIeres  ! 
MVnDa  orIgo  es  et  pVra  CceLI  regIna. 
IVgVM  aDae  LoNGfe  est  a  te,  o  sanCta  pIetas.2 
natVM  DeI  LaCtans  Ipsa  VIrgo  es. 
VERfe  MVnDa,  sanCtae  pIetatIs  pLena  orIgo. 
sanCtorVM  gLorIa  VIrgo  DeIpara. 
tV  DIgna  es  sIne  MaCVLa  notIs. 
en  VIrgo  CLara  Ipsa  DeVM  parIs. 
CanDore  nItens  sVperas  oMnes  fILIas  eVae. 
Vera  CLarItas  a  nobIs  oMnIno  VeneranDa. 
Mater  pIetatIs  VaLe  o  VIrgo  DeCora. 

oraCVLVM  assIstens  fIDeI. 
Sive 


\- 


s 

I 

N 

ConCeptIo 
M 

A 

c 

V 

L 

aC  peCCatI  naeVo. 


S©3 

1663 

1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 

1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 

1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 
1663 

1663 


S«  1663 


1  The  initial  letters  of  the  lines  which  follow  are  the  acrostic  here  alluded  to  on  the 
words  of  the  Angelic  Salutation.  *  These  two  chronograms  are  imperfect 


5<>4  THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS. 

Sive 
MarLg  DeIparje  pVrItatIs  et  I  _     ^ 

IntegrItatIs  CLara  assertIo  J  3 

eDItIo  seCVnDa  DILatatVr  =     1663 

pro  Magno  Dono  et  feLICI  XenIo  =     1663 

Haec  actu  phoebi  socius  Theoremata  pangit 
Ut,  quicumque  leget,  fit  pietatis  amans. 
etc  etc.  etc. 
The  author  explains,  in  hexameter  and  pentameter  verses  ad- 
dressed to  the  Virgin  Mary,  that  he,  '  a  companion  of  Phoebus,'  will 
sing  her  praises  in  100  acrostic  anagrams  composed  on  the  words  of 
the  '  ave/  the  Angelic  Salutation.     (Then  follow  the  100  anagrams, 
each  being  accompanied  by  a  hexameter  and  pentameter  couplet) 
These  are  followed  by  an  *  elegiac  oration '  to  her  in  verse — 
pIje  MarLe  DeIparjE  VIrgInI  oratIo  eLegIaCa.  =     1663 

Then  the  angel  Gabriel  addresses  her  in  acrostic  verses  on  the 
Angelic  Salutation — 

angeLI  gabrIeLIs  saLVtatIo  hIs  pIIs  )  =       66 

repetenDa  MetrIs.  J  3 

The  verses  then  follow,  hexameters  and  pentameters,  the  former 

being  the  acrostic  lines  of  the  couplets.     The  author  then  brings  this 

remarkable  work  to  a  conclusion  in  an  ode  to  the  Virgin  Mary,  as  if 

to  sum  up  the  whole  subject  to  which  he  had  devoted  so  much  labour. 

The  number  of  anagrams  made  by  the  several  writers  on  the 
words  of  the  Angelic  Salutation,  which  are  transcribed  or  alluded  to 
in  the  foregoing  extracts,  is  truly  astonishing ;  all  were  intended  to 
enforce  the  teaching  of  the  now  accepted  dogma  of  the  Immaculate 
Conception,  and  probably  they  were  advanced  as  an  argument  that 
the  truth  of  it  is  inherent  in  the  very  words.  It  must,  however,  be 
remembered  that  the  same  words  are  capable  of  being  made  into 
other  anagrams,  with  meanings  different  from  the  teaching  in  question, 
or  even  in  direct  opposition  to  it  And  as  for  the  acrostic  chrono- 
grams, they  prove  neither  the  truth  nor  the  fallacy  of  any  teaching ; 
they  are  nevertheless  curious,  and  are  simply  the  date  chosen  by  the 
writers  of  them. 


THE    WORKS    OF 
JACOBUS    POCHETIUS. 


lACOBUS  POCHETIUS,  or  Pochet,  made  more  than 
one  addition  to  chronogrammatic  literature.  In  the 
preceding  chapter,  at  page  502,  we  had  one  work  under 
notice,  of  which  I  have  never  seen  an  original  copy.  In 
a  note  to  that  page,  I  mention  another  work  (or  perhaps 
a  first  edition  thereof)  in  my  possession,  of  which  I  propose  now  to 
give  some  account ;  and  at  page  508  infra,  I  notice  a  third  work  by 
him.  It  is  reasonable  to  suppose,  from  his  own  words  in  the  sub- 
joined title,  that  he  wrote  and  published  other  chronograms,  but  I 
have  made  no  discovery  in  that  direction. 

The  title  is,  '  APOLLINIS  SPIRITUALS  ORACULUMte 
Lumine  Dei  luminosum,  de  melle  coeli  mellifluum,  gratis  plenum 
odoribus  condimentum, 

Et  morum  Flos  hie,  nectar  qui  sensibus  hales. 
Sive 

V  L  PEA 

RE   E  ATIO      I    T   TIS, 
L  V  V  R  U       ' 

prsefulgidis  mentis  ornamentis  plena,  et  gloriosis  Crucis  mysteriis 
passim  decora  et  adornata:  Oblatio  votiva  curiosis  cujusvis  statfts 
Philomusis  pro  prsepostera  sequentium  annorum  in  saecula  sseculorum 

STRENA 

D.   IACOBI  POCHET 

Liber  unicus,  tres  alios,  calamo  quidem,  sed  nondum 
typis  exaratos,  precedens. 
Bruxellae, 
Typis  Joannis  Mommarti  1651.' 
The  dedication  is  to  Leopold,  Archduke  of  Austria,  governor  of 
the  Netherlands,  whom  the  author  addresses  in  Latin  hexameter  and 
pentameter  verse,  in  acrostic  verses,  and  other  fanciful  compositions ; 
these  chronograms  are  among  them — 

3S 


5<>6  THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS. 

Tu  decor  es  Belgis  pietatis  luce  coruscans, 
Exemplisque  piis  ut  Jubar  Ipse  micas. 
esse  tVIs  Ver&  sIDVs  LeopoLDe  pVtarIs,  1  . 

aVt  phcebVs  parens,  eXorIensqVe  DIes.  j  ~~        5° 

eXorerIs  sIDVs  patriae  soL  gratVs,  ab  ortV  )  _       , 

sVpra  nos  Mentes  eXILIAre  tVo.  j  ""        s° 

A  curious  engraving  in  the  original  work  represents  a  great  star 
(sidus),  with  the  letter  A  in  the  centre  (surrounded  by  eight  lesser 
stars  or  '  beatitudes '),  and  thus  inscribed — 

D 


LEOPOLDVS   AVSTRIACVS. 

A'fl  £> 

6>    O    <* 

The  words  which  are  thus  arranged  in  the  star  are  anagrams, 
and  are  to  be  read  as  follows — 

(Program.)    Leopoldus  Austriacus. 

{Directus  a  polo  salvus. 
Lude  solus  autor  pacis. 
Repulsas  valido  scuto. 
The  whole  is  surmounted  by  a  crown,  the  band  inscribed — 

PROAVIS  UT  SOL  ADLUCBS. 
CLARUS  TUUS  DIES  A   POLO. 
TU  DAS  PLUS  CLARO  IOSUE. 

At  page  i  the  author  commences  the  work  itself  under  the  subor- 
dinate title  '  Jacobi  Pochet  epigrammata  singularia/  and  he  continues 
his  subject,  under  this  and  other  subordinate  titles,  to  the  end  on 
page  366.  All  the  epigrams,  poems,  and  other  compositions,  1404  in 
number,  have  a  moral  and  devotional  purpose ;  the  author  frequently 
introduces  an  arrangement  of  words  in  the  form  of  a  cross,  similar  to 
that  at  page  503  ante,  and  throughout  the  book  are  to  be  seen  a  sort  of 
labyrinth,  or  logogryph  *  sentences,  of  which  I  shall  presently  give  an 

1  See  Chronograms y  pp.  342,  481,  485  ;  and  at  places  in  the  present  volume. 


THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS. 


5°7 


example.  Anagrams  are  also  plentiful,  but  as  they  are  not  within  my 
subject,  I  pass  diem  over,  and  proceed  to  extract  such  of  the  chrono- 
grams as  will  be  of  sufficient  interest  apart  from  their  accompanying 
text  They  are  not  numerous,  nor  do  they  mark  any  event  or  date, 
other  than  a  peace  jubilee  and  the  date  of  the  book  itsel£  The  refer- 
ence numbers  are  those  of  the  epigrams,  etc.,  and  not  the  page  on 
which  they  are  printed. 

No.  20.    LVX  MEA  SIT  IESVS,  CVnCTjE  PROCVL  ITE  TENEBRiE,  )  _ 

eXCeLLens  sVrget  noster  In  orbe  nItor.        /  "" 

Supplex  hujus  operis  chronicum. 
No.  26.  a  sVperIs  Vates  phoeboqVe  faVente  reqVIrIt     ) 
Vt  pIa  MVsa  CrebrIs  sIt  sVa  DIgna  tYpIs       J 
aD  LeCtoreM  aliud  simile  chronicum.        = 
VtILIter  CVnCtIs  CVpIo  pIa  pIngere  Metra  ;     ) 
tV  faC  qVI  LegIs  HiEC,  sis  bonVs  atqVe  pIVs.  /  "" 

Votum  chronicum. 
sIt  bona  paX  VatI  VIVo,  reqVIesqVe  perennIs    )  _ 
DefVnCto,  tanta  Dote,  faVente  Deo.  J  "" 

Aliud  unicuique  votivum  chronicum. 

ABVNDANTlA  GRATIjE,   ET  PAX 

reDIVIVa  nobIs  sIt, 

Dante  IVbILeo 

VnIVersaLI. 

Strena  chronographica. 
gLorIa  per  sVperos  Deo,  paXqVe 
VbIqVe  hoMInIbVs  bon.*  VoLVntatIs. 

tIbI 
hlmQ 


No.  27. 


No.  28. 


No.  66. 


No.  120.  qVInqVe   pIVs   Vates  < 


saCra 


MonastICa 
sCrIbIt. 


pro  nobIs  passI  VVLnera  qVInqVe  CoLens. 
No.  451.  Chronicon  votivum  pads. 

fIat  paX  o  ChrIste  IesV  eX  abVnDantIa  ) 

MAGNiE  VlRTVTlS  tVm.  J 

No.  454.        annVLVs  ConCorDLe,  et  paCIs  pVbLIG*  ) 

faCtVs  est,  et  DatVr  pro  XenIo  > 

hVIVs  annI.  j 

No.  1269.  De  Jubilaei  universalis  anno. 

In  VIrtVte  CrVCIs  qV6D  hIC  est  bene  prosper Vs  annVs,  ) 

prospera  CVnCta  ferens  DIWs  apoLLo  probat.  / 

No.  298.  Example  of  logogryph  verses — 

Pat  . 
Christo  M    lenti,  Bidistichon. 

In  Cruce  pro  ^nctis  n*101™  ^ctus^6  Potenter 

Vis  in  ani ^  Christe  dol  _  pati. 

t         j  lOroso    .  ore r 

Ipse    dol  vis   in   am       mon. 


1650 


1650 


1650 


1650 


5o8  THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS. 

No.  521.  Example  of  a  puzzle — 

O  I   quid   I   tua   I     te     I    «wrt  *.„***+ 

Be  I   bis?    I   bia   I   abit.   |   Ergo  superbe, 

Te  tarn  subter  eas,  qukm  super  ire  rogas. 
The  first  lines  are  to  read  thus — O  superbe  quid  superbis?  tua 
superbia  te  superabit. 

A  curious  book  in  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  bearing 
J\  the  title  APOLLO  SPIRITUALIS,  etc  (8-,  pp.  150),  is  a 
collection  of  Latin  hymns  and  devotional  poems,  with  238  chrono- 
grams, which  stand  mostly  as  titles  or  themes  to  the  poetry ;  a  great 
many  anagrams  (perhaps  200)  are  also  scattered  through  the  work, 
having  the  same  purpose.  The  chronograms  themselves  are  not 
especially  interesting ;  they  neither  mark  any  historical  events,  nor 
possess  any  biographical  application;  they  generally  express  some 
devotional  thought  or  maxim,  and  all  contain  one  and  the  same  date, 
167 1,  that  of  the  publication  of  the  book.  I  have  extracted  48  as 
examples,  and  they  fairly  represent  the  character  of  the  remaining 
190.  The  author's  name  is  Jacobus  Pochet,  and  the  book  was 
printed  at  Lilge  in  1671.  The  title-page  is  all  in  chronogram,  and  is 
as  follows — 

apoLLo  spIrItVaLIs  1 

gratIaM  DeI  pIe  eXponens.  j  7I 

Sive 

gratIa  MagnaLIa  DeI 

reLeVans  et  sVa  nobIs  pIIs  reVeLans. 

DIgnI  pIetatIs  genII 

opVsCVLVM. 

aVthore  IaCobo  poChet  CgeLIbe  aMpLIora 

gratLe  CceLestIs  pIgnora  eXpeCtante. 

ileC  InterIM  XenIa  DILIge  et  eI  faVe. 

{Imprint)  Leodii,  Typis  Henrici  Hoyoux  Typogr.  Jur.  Civitatis  sub 

signo  S.  Francisci  Xaverii.     1671.     Superiorum  permissu. 

On  the  back  of  the  title-page  are  the  following  chronograms,  and 
between  them  a  device  combining  the  rays  of  the  sun  and  a  Maltese 
cross,  with  a  flying  dove  in  the  centre — 

DonVM  InCLIta  VIr-  I  fi 

tVtIs  et  pIetatIs.  j  7I 


- 

1671 

}- 

1671 

}- 

1671 

1671 

o 


gratIa  soLIs  sVI  raDIIs  1  6 

InsIgnIter  pIos  ILLVMInans.  J  7 


And  on  the  next  page  is  the  following — 


r 


THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS.  509 

tItVLI  qVIDaM  spIrItVs  sanCtI  =     1671 

Sive 
LaVDes  pro  MagnIfICIs  gratIa:  XenIIs.  =     1671 

1. 
prInCIpIVM  Vera  saLVtIs  gratIa  DeL  =     167 1 

2. 

VerItas  spIrItVs  DoMInI  nobIs  LVCerna.  =     167 1 

3. 
aManDa  CERTk  Vera  LVX  gratIa.  =     167 1 

4. 
gratIa  VIrtVtIbVs  hoMInes  DItans  CLarItas.  =     1671 

5. 
gratIa  CceLestIs  se  Dans  pIIs  In  XenIVM.  =     167 1 

6. 
aMpLItVDo  gratLe  In  faVore  spIrItVs  sanCtI.  s=     167 1 

7. 

OMEN  DE  CCELO  PAX  ROBVR  VlTiE.  =      1 67 1 

The  dedication  follows  next,  to  Maximilian-Henry,  Archbishop  of 
Cologne,  Bishop  and  Prince  of  Lilge  and  Hildesheim,  Duke,  Count 
Palatine,  etc.,  with  an  engraving  containing  an  armorial  shield,  and 
this  motto — 

LeoDIVM  regItVr  IVstItIa  aC  pIetate.  =     167 1 

Some  verses  (on  the  next  page)  to  him  have  this  title — 
serenIssIMo  VERfeQVE  DIgno  prInCIpI  saLVs.  =     167 1 

Other  verses,  with  anagrams  on  his  name,  are  accompanied  by 
these  complimentary  and  dedicatory  chronograms — 

PRO  ENCoMIo  GRATliE  DIVINjE  TViEQVE  ALTJE  SERENlTATlS.    =  1 67 1 
SIC  ALTjB  TViE  serenItatI                             I 

sVppLICIter  proCLaMat                         >=*  167 1 
IaCobVs  poChet.                                 ) 

The  following  are  some  of  the  titles  to  the  hymns  and  verses — 
Page   2.  proLogVs     gratLe     sanCtI     spIrItVs    aD     oMnes 

VenIentIs.                                                                      =  167 1 
Page   3.  IntroItVs     aD     aLtare     gratIa     sVprena    nobIs 

MVnIfIC/e.                                                                      =  167 1 
Page   5.  oMen   De   CceLo    paX  VenIens   ab  orIente   gratIa 

pro  benIgnItate  annI.                                                 =  167 1 
Page  10.  CharItas    LItteratIM    notat    bIs  qVatVor    beatI- 

tVDInes.                                                                        =  167 1 

Page  n.  gratIa  aD  LeCtoreM  Vera  faVstaqVe  pr/efatVr.=  1671 

aD  gratIaM  aVthor  et  LeCtor  sVa  Vota  referVnt.  =  167 1 
Page  13.  aVthor   pilesentIs   De   gratIa  opVsCVLI   se  nobIs 

et  posterIs  ManIfestat.                                              =  1671 

Page  17.  MVnDVs  nos  faLLet,  gratIa  soLa  nos  tVetVr.     =  167 1 


510  THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  POCHETIUS. 

Page  20.  perse VerantIa  In  bonIs  operIbVs  est  pIIs  CoeLeste 

DonVM.  =     167 1 

Page  27.  oratIo    pro    habenDa   ab   aVthore    et   LegentIbVs 

proMpte  spIrItVs  sanCtI  gratIa.  =     167 1 

O  Deus  Sancti  amoris, 
Spiritus  sancte,  ardoris 
Flammas  spirans  nobis 
Fac  fruamur  tuis  donis. 

Utinam  hoc  opusculum 
Sit  dignum  Te  preconium ; 
Sit  miseris  in  solatium 
Et  multis  sit  in  premium,  etc. 
Page  32.  InVoCatIo  pro  benIgnItate  et  gratIa  DbI  spIrItVs 

aLtIssIMI.  =     167 1 

Page  39.  rIthMVs  spIrItVaLIs  De  spIrItV  sanCto.  =     167 1 

Page  44.  ConsILIa  QViEDAM  ab  InspIrante  et  VatI  faVente 

gratIa.  =     1671 

Page  47.  DIVIna  gratIa  orIgo  VERiE  DVLCeDInIs.  =     167 1 

Page  55.  qVaDaM  seqVens  serIes  a  LeCtore  serVetVr.      =     167 1 
Page  56.  CentVM    et  qVInqVagInta   trIa   pretIosa   gratIa 

DeI  taLenta.  =1671 

Then  follow  153  of  the  anagrams  on  the  words  Dei  gratia,  Gratia 
Divina,  and  Gratia  ccelestis,  all  serving  as  titles  to  particular  poems. 
Possibly  the  number  153  is  chosen  in  allusion  to  die  '  one  hundred 
and  fifty  and  three  great  fishes/  see  St  John  xxL  n.  Anagrams  on 
other  general  titles  occur  occasionally  afterwards,  and  the  chronogram 
titles  again  appear — 
Page  105.  A  gratIa  DeI  sVnt  ileC  tot  pIa  et  spIrItVaLIa 

MVnera.  =     1671 

Page  109.  gaVDete  Vos  feLICes  per  tot  sVperna  MVnera.=     1671 
Page  112.  gLorIa  spIrItVI  sanCto  ob  gratLe  sV*  tot  Data 

nobIs  MVnera.  =     167 1 

Page  113.  aVthor  piuesentIs  opVsCVLI    De  seMet  pIIs  aIt 

Ita.  =     1671 

Page  115.  pLena  VerItatIs  CognItIo  seMper  a  DeI  gratIa 

eXtat.  =     167 1 

Page  123.  gratIa  CceLestIs  InsIgnIter  DeVotos  oMnes  pro- 

tegIt  et  tVetVr.  =     1671 

Page  132.  MatrI  DIVInae  gratLe  pIa  gratIVnCVLa.  =     1671 

„        pIVs    BENlGNiE  VIrgInIs  MarLe    DeIpar«  CLIens 

agIt  eI  gratIas.  =     167 1 

Page  133.  aVthorIs  pIetas  VaLeDICIt  sVIs  MetrIs.  =     167 1 

Page  141.  gaVDet  aVthor  ob  pII  LIbeLLI  sVI  fIneM,         =     167 1 

LepIDIs  CoMparatIonIbVs  fInIens  hos  VersVs.    =     1671 

The  'pleasing  verses'  thus  announced  by  the  author,  by  way  of  a 
finish,  are  after  the  manner  of  that  celebrated  work  by  Thomas  k 


THE  WORKS  OF  JACOBUS  P0CHET1US.  5" 

Kempis, '  De  Imitatione  Christi/  and  the  work  terminates  with  a  few 
verses  thus  addressed  to  the  author — 

prjeCLaro  et  ConspICVo  VIro  IaCobo  poChet       )  =     l6 
hoC  De  gratIa  DeI  opVs  pangentI.  J  ' 

•       •        •        •        • 
Ita  applaudebat  nicolaus  le  febvre  Asceta  Villariensis. 

The  last  page  of  the  book  contains  the  usual  official  approbation 
and  authority  to  print,  they  are  somewhat  special  and  interesting. 
They  are  as  follows — 

CENSURA. 
Hoc  insigne  ac  nobile  Metrum  a  Domino  Jacobo  Pochet  procla- 
matum  multiplicia  Gratise  Dei  dona,  et  grati  in  omnium  bonorum 
Authorem  animi  officia  pife  maturfe  et  candidfe  commendat;   quare 
publicam  per  Typos  lucem  meretur. 

61  Servatii  Sacra  Theoiogice  Doctor  et  Archiepiscopalis 
Librorum  Censor  Lovanii. 


aLLVDens  gratLe-MaterLe  hVIVs  LIbrI  approbatIo.    =     167 1 
A  multis  annis  moralia  Disticha  scribens 

Es  docti  dignus  Vatis  habere  decus  : 
Perlegitur  celebrata  tuis  dum  Gratia  metris 
Authoris  Grati  nomen  habere  potes. 

R  P.  Bartholomcus  IfAstroy. 


APPROBATIO. 
Poema  de  Gratia  gratum  elegans  et  ingeniosum  compositum  a 
Jacobo  Pochet  Authore  grato  et  gratioso  meretur  laudem  et  lucem. 
Hac  16  Aprilis  1671. 

Franciscus  Zutman.    Examinator  Synodalis. 


FACULTAS  ORDINARII 
Poterit  typis  darL     Hac  13.  Maii.  1671. 
y.  Ernest  Baro  de  Surlez,  Vicarius  Genera/is  Leodien. 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 


SMALL  insignificant-looking,  but  probably  a  rare  book 
(British  Museum,  press-mark  117 12.  aa.  17),  8°,  is  in 
two  parts  by  the  same  author,  Johannes  Avianius. 
The  first  consists  of  a  tragi-comedy  in  Latin,  entitled, 
1  Miles  vagus  seu  mendicans,'  consisting  of  thirty-six 
pages,  and  the  book  is  catalogued  under  that  title.  The  second  part 
is  entitled  'Seculum  vertens;  Eteostichis  novis  heroicis,  a  Joanne 
Avianio  Tuntorphinati  donatum.  (Halae)  Anno  1597/  It  is  entirely 
in  Latin,  and  gives  the  date  of  some  historical  event  in  each  year 
from  1500  to  1596,  in  hexameter  chronograms  printed  in  plain  italics, 
without  any  mark  whatsoever  (capital  letters  or  otherwise)  to  distin- 
guish the  date  letters.  Chronograms  are  seldom  found  thus  printed. 
Some  examples  are  noticed  at  p.  134,  ante.  I  have  extracted  all  the 
chronograms,  printing  the  date  letters  in  the  usual  manner.  The 
copy  of  the  work  which  I  have  made  use  of  is  in  many  places  difficult 
to  read,  the  print  being  blurred  and  defective,  and  the  paper  much 
discoloured.  The  pages  throughout  the  book  are  not  numbered. 
The  chronograms  are  somewhat  epigrammatic  in  their  style  of  com- 
position ;  occasional  annotations  in  Latin  explain  the  meaning  and 
application  of  words  and  phrases,  which  were  obscure  even  when 
they  were  written,  nearly  three  centuries  ago. 

It  is  curious  to  observe  the  variety  of  phrases  used  in  many  of  the 
introductions  to  denote  the  death  of  persons.  The  following  are 
examples  : — Rex  moritur.  Philippus  obiit  Julio  defuncto.  Placidfc 
obiit.  Placidfe  commoriuntur.  Rapitur  fatis.  Henricus  discessit  Ex 
hac  vita  discessus.  Ad  Christum  vocatur.  E  rebus  humanis  eximitur. 
E  vita  discedit      Annum  mortis  evenit.      Johannes  obdormiscit 


r 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY.  513 

Henricus  aufugit  Transit  ex  hac  mortalitate.  The  distich  chrono- 
grams present  subjects  for  historical  comment  and  illustration  ;  they 
are  as  follows — 

1500. 
Nascitur  Carolus  v.  Imperator. 
CaroLe  te  nato  feLICIa  seCVLa  fIVnt,  \ 

In  patrIa  fIes  qVIntVs  reX  noMInIs  hVIVs.  J  5 

1501. 
Joannes  Albertus  Poloniae  rex  moritur  et  successorem  habet  fratrem 
Alexandrum. 

MoX  Vt  Ioannes  aLbertVs  sCeptra  reLInqVIt  I 

ujeC  eIVs  fratrI  CViub  IVbet  esse  poLonVs.  "     j  5 

Aliter,  expresso  insuper  successoris  nomine. 
aLbertI  sVb  IoannIs  DItIone  fVerVnt  )  =. 

nVnC  sVb  aLeXanDro  sVnt  CVnCta  regente  poLonI.  J  5 

1502. 

Academiae  Vitebergensis  initium. 
at  MVsas  VIteberga  sIbI  aCCessIVIt  et  aLbIs  ) 

VersIbVs  assVeVIt,  sapIentIa  CoLLIbVs  aptIs.  J  5 

Aptis— (der  Weiteberg)  mons  sapientue  qnorundam  interpretatione  ad 
quam  alludere  libuit 

I503. 
Mors  sexti  Alexandri  et  Pii  tertii  pontificum  et  successio  Julii  secundi. 
seXtVs  aLeXanDer  pIe  tertIe,  IVLIVs  aLter  I 

ILLe  CaDens,  hIC  te  regnas  stIpabat  VtrInqVe.  J  5  3 

1504. 
Joannes  Matthesius  pastor  in  valle  Joachimica  nascitur. 

InfantIs  qVm  sVnt  paterIsqVe  faCIsqVe  MatthIas       )  _ 

a  fLetV  CohIbere  tVIs  eXerCIte  CVnIs.  J  5  4 

1505. 
Franciscus  Burcardus  cancellarius  Saxonicus  editur  in  lucem. 
franCIsCVs  bVrCarDVs  habet,  qVo  gaVDeat  hVIVs     )  _ 

INCEPTS  VITjE  RES  AVt  NON   LiETA  SlT  AVRA.  J  5    5 

1506. 

Philippus  Maximiliani  imperatoris  filius  pater  Caroli  v.  obiit. 
seX  VItje  qVIntVs  sVperarat  CaroLVs  annos,  I  _  + 

LVCtVs  aMIsso  CVrans  genItore  phILIppo.  J  5 

Nam  id  setatis  turn  erat  Carolus  v. 

3T 


Si4  E  VENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTVR  Y. 

I507; 
Sigismundus  regnum  Polonicum  accipit 
CraCoVIuE  qVo  reX  regnabIt  noMIne?  nostrIs  )  7 

VersIbVs  eXCLVso  te  GesarIs,  hVsse,  trahentIs.  J  5  ' 

Numerus  Sigismundum  nominari  vetuit,  itaquc  describitur  rorcftropor 
Caesari  Hussum  trahenti, — sen  ad  concilium  Constantiense  volanti,  cujus 
omnibus  notum  est  nomen. 

I508. 
Ludovicus  coronatur  rex  Hungarian  infelicibus  auspiciis. 
heV;  LVDoVICe  nIgrIs  In  regna  patIentIa  tVrCIs      )  « 

sVbjICItVr  pVero,  IWenI  erIpIenDa  Corona.  J  5 

I509. 
Henricus  octavus  Angliae  regnum  auspicatur. 
reX  oCtaVVs  agrIs  henrICVs  IVre  brItannIs  )  = 

IMperat  atqVe  VIrIs  LoCVpLetarIqVe  Laborat.  J  5  9 

I5IO- 
Goa  occupatur. 
Capta  goa  est  ILLVstrIs  VbI  sChoLa  ab  orDIne  IesV  ) 
nVnC  eXerCetVr,  CVLtVsqVe  reLVCet  apoLLo.  {  ~     I5I° 

15"- 

Pauli  Eberi  natalis. 
LaCte  pVer  ten VI  satVr  est  et  pasCItVr,  a  qVo         \  _ 
Magna  VIro  VtILIter  sCrIbentVr,  paVLVs  eberVs.      J  5 

15". 

Pugna  pontifici  Romano  adversa, 
qVID  sVperI  faCItIs?  qVID  peCCat  IVLIVs  aLter?     ) 
Vt  sVperata  VIros  fVgIat  LegIo  IpsIVs  hostes.  j  * 

Viros  hostes — Cohaeret  per  appositionem,  et  de  industria  appellator  Julius 
alter  non  modo  a  numero,  sed  etiam  a  similitudine  qui  propius  ad  Tulium 
Caesarem  homo  turbulentus ;  quam  ad  Petrum  dilecti  Christi  oves  ndeliter 
pascentem  accedebat. 

Julio  secundo  defuncto,  succedit  Leo  x. 
est  Leo  non  nonVs,  nVMerI  potIVsqVe  seqVentIs        )  _ 
eXpIrat  sVCCessorI  CVI  IVLIVs  aLter.  J  ~     ISI3 

Cui  expirat — Successor!  enim  mors  potissimum  bono  fuisse  videatur. 

Vesalius  nascitur,  anatomise  illustrator,  unde  allusio, 

InqVIsItVrVs,  qVICqVID  tegat  aLWs,  ab  aLVo  \  _ 

VesaLIVs  saLVo  genItrICIs  pro  Deo  pLorans.  J  ""     ISI4 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTUR  K  515 

I5I5- 
Franciscus  1.  Gallia  rex  socero  Ludovico  xn.  succedit 
ergo  franCIsCI  fLorens  sIt  gaLLIa  regnVM  I  _       -  - 

ANNOS  ET  SVO  EO  REPETET   LfiTATA  Bis  oCTO.  J   ""       'S1* 

I5I6. 

Campson  Gaurius  Sultanus  superatur  a  Selymo  Turcarum  imperatore 
(Ea  est  Byzantia  potestas)  et  victor  in  victi  regnum  instituit  quod 
sequenti  anno  occupavit. 

egyptI  VICto  byzantIa  rege  potestas  )  ! 

aD  CLaras  nILI  proCere  CogItat  Vrbes.  J  | 

1517. 
Solymus  ^Egyptum  in  provinciam  redigit,  Lutherus  pontificas  artes 
detect,  atque  ita  eodem  anno  duo  ingentia  imperiasunt  eversa,  alterum 
armis,  alterum  verbo. 
PRiEClPlTls  nILI  CapVt,  ItaLLeqVe  stVpenDa  1 

eXpVgnaVerVnt  seD  non  Vt  tVrCa  LVtherVs.  j  i5i7 

Nili  caput  Memphis,  Italiae  caput  Roma,  vel  ipse  pontifex  Romanus. 

I5I8. 
Lutherus  Augusts  Vindelicorum  a  Cajetano  tentatur. 
a  CaIetano  Correpte  LVthere  negastI  )  g 

Inter  VInDeLICos  ben^  CreDIta,  rIt6  negarI.  j  ** 

1519. 
Carolus  v.  designator  imperator  Francofurti,  haud  dubife  ex  voto  avi 
Maximiliani. 

CVI  ManVs  VeXILLa  aqVILIna  afferre  pVtetVr  ?        ) 

(Vota  VaLent  PRiESTANTls  aVI)  tIbI  CaroLe  qVInte.     J  f"9 

1520. 

Coronatio  Caesaris  Caroli  v.  ad  quam  ex  Hispaniis  in  Germaniam 
ille  contendit 

CvEsar  ab  hIspanIs  patrIas  transIVIt  In  oras  I  '    .. 

ConVenIt  CapItI  gerMana  Corona  preCantIs.  J         x52° 

Corona  convenit  capiti,— id  est,  ipse  digitus  fuit  imperio. 

Precantis,— quia  cum  coronatione  et  Missa  et  preces  conjunguntur.  1 

1521.  j 

Lutherus  Vormatiae  coram  ordinibus  imperii  causara  dicit.  1 

CiCSARls  In  faCIe  faCIes  ConfVsa  LVtherI  1 

non  fVIt,  optatas  pathMo  prabente  Latebras.  f         1S21  -j 

Lutherus  proscriptus  aliquantisper  latuit  et  exemplo  Joannis  Pathmon 
appellavit. 

1  This  makes  only  1016  ;  the  error  is  in  the  original.     '  proCeDere  '  (for  proCere)  I 

would  make  the  chronogram  right.  ] 


516  EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 

1522. 
Rhodus  amissa  est,  salvis  descendentibus  militias  equitibus. 
o  rhoDVs,  o  TVRCiB ;  Vos  eXVLtastIs,  Vt  ILLm  )  _ 

eXILIo  CIVes  jVssIt  gaVDere  soLVtos.  J  ""     I5" 

1523. 
Clemens  vn.  Hadriano  vi.  succedit 
QViERO  qVotVs  CLeMens  ChrIstI  papa  VenIt  oVILI  ?  )  = 
qVIppe  soLet  qVotVpLeX  statVI  noVa  gratIa  fLatVs.  /         l$2* 

1524. 
Henricus  Zutphanius  martyrio  apud  Ditmarsos  coronatur. 


LiETl  CIVe  poLI  zVtphano  Martyre  fIent,  )  __ 

LiETloR  In  sparsIs  Versans  eCCLesIa  terrIs.  j  ~"     l$2* 

Aliter 

zVtphanIo  qVoD  non  sInt  hmC  terrestrIa  CorDI,  I 

neC  parCens  proprIo  nobIs,  aIt  Ipse,  CrVorL  j  ""     'S*4 


1525. 
Seditio  agricolarum  per  Gerroaniam  mota. 
agrICoLa  In  soLIVM  regaLe  obLItVs  aratrI  ) 

nItItVr,  aC  sperat  trIstes  a  prInCIpe  pgenas.  j  ""     fSa5 

Spent  pro  meruit. 

1526. 

Ludovici  regis  Pannonias  interitus  et  natalis  septemviri  Saxonuiri 
augusti. 

nobILIs  hVngarLe  CaDo  reX,  DVCe  saXone  gIgnor     )  ! 

aVgVstVs,  qVo  non  aVgVstIs  CarIor  aLter.  f 

1527. 

Philippus  Caroli  v.  filius  Hispaniarum  rex  nascitur,  quo  tempore  ab 

exercitu  paterno  Roma  capiebatur. 
GesarIs  Vt  feLIX  eXerCItVs  est,  Ita  ConIVnX,  )  _ 

VrbeM  aLter  VeXans  graVIter,  genIto  aLtera  rege.  j  ~"     l$21 

1528. 
Cum  Paccius  Otho  denuntiasset  occultum  bellum  a  Pontificiis  parari, 
Elector  Saxoniae  et  Landgravius  arma,  sed  frustra  sumserunt 
hassIa  saXonIbVs  soCIaLIa  IVnXerat  arMa,  )  Q 

qVm  faX  et  tVbICen  fVIt?  VnVs  paCCIVs  ottho.        /  "     x52* 

1529. 

Solymannus  Viennam  obsidet. 
non  proCVL  eXItIo  resILIs  ab  atroCe  VIenna  )  _ 

te  fera  gens  Captat  posItIs  prope  McenIa  CastrIs.       j  ~"     x52^ 

1  This  makes  only  1466 ;  the  error  is  in  the  original. 


1 


E  VENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTUR  Y.  517 

I530. 
Augustana  confessio  recitatur  et  exhibetur. 
CesarIs  In  nostrI  sonVIt  VeraCIter  aVreM  ,    I 

reLLIgIo  VItebergensI  proLata  LIbeLLo.  )  53 

1531. 
Ferdinandus  creatur  rex  Romanorum. 
Ipse  taMen  Cesar  fraternas  In  tVa  CVras  )  _ 

sCeptra  VoCas,  et  spes  aqVILInI  affVLget  honorIs.    J  53 

Spes  aquilini  honoris, — est  spes  successions  in  imperio  quod  manet  regem 
defuncto  Csesare. 

1532. 
Placidfe  obiit  pius  et  bonus  princeps  Johannes  Elector  Saxonise. 
eLeCtor  rapItVr  fatIs;  eLegerat  ante  I  . 

VIVVs  Iohannes  ChrIstI  sVper  oMnIa  CoLLes.  j  " 

1533. 
Elisabetha  Angliae  regina  Henrici  vin.  filia  nascitur. 
fILIa  ab  oCtaVo  nVnC  eLIsabetha  CrearIs  ) 

henrICo;  IVbeat  teMpVs,  rege  VIrgo  brItannos.  f  5^3 

Jubeat  tempu<— id  est    aliquando   administratura  es   regnum,  ne   quis 
natalem  in  regm  auspicium  transfbrmet. 

1534. 
dementis  vn.  papae  obitus. 
CLeMentI  PAPiE  posIto  seX  Inter  et  oCto  ) 

a  SjeVIs  parCIs  ;  heV,  faCta  InIVrIa  LethI  est.  J  I5*4 

Facta  est  injuria  lethi, — ironice,  id  est  non  debuerat  mori. 

1535. 
Monasteriensis  [Miinster]  obsidionis  et  regni  finis.1 
o  sIne  peC(JatIs  reX,  o  sIne  CrIMIne  regna  | 

Capta  nIsI  essetIs,  qVo  proCessVra  fVIstIs.  j  x535 


1536. 
Viri  summi  D.  Erasmi  Roterodami  obitus. 

arte  VeL  eLoqVIo  nVLLI  CessIsset  erasMVs 
arte  VeL  eLoqVIo  non  est  obsIstere  parCIs. 


}=     iS36 


Posterior  versus  habet  sententiam  generalem,  omnibus  esse  moriendum. 


1  Alluding  to  the  Anabaptists  in  Germany,  who,  after  declaring  their  wild  and  absurd 
doctrines,  took  arms  and  committed  many  violences.  In  1554  they  seized  on  Miinster, 
calling  it  Mount  Zion,  and  set  up  one  Mathias,  a  baker,  to  be  king.  Miinster  was  taken 
on  24th  June  1554,  and  the  chie/  of  the  Anabaptists  were  put  to  death.  So  the  kingdom 
came  to  an  end.     See  Chronograms*  p.  222. 


518  EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 

I537- 

Edwardus  Britannise  rex,  Henrico  viii.  nascitur  et  regnavit  quidem 

sed  puer. 
reX  eDVarDe  freto  CLaVsIs  nasCere  brItannIs 
o  si  ContIngant  annos  tVa  sCeptra  VIrILes. 


\- 


*537 


1538. 
Argentoratensis  academic  initium  Johanne  Sturmio  rectore. 
argentoratI  est  sChoLa  non  argentea,  seD  qV* 
ConferrI  CresCens  fVLVo  qVoqVe  DebVIt  aVro. 


}=     iS38 


1539- 
Georgius  Saxonia  dux  moritur,  successore  Henrico  fratre  Lutherano. 
CeDe  LVtheranIs  prInCeps  it*reDIbVs  hostIs  )  = 

LVtherI,  CVnCtIs  peJor  graVIorqVe  georgI.  J  l*& 

1540. 
Ordo  Jesuiticus,  cujus  autor  fuit  Ignatius  Loiola,  confirmatus  a  Paulo 
tertio,  hac  conditione  ne  plures  60  recipiantur.1 


per  soCIos  DeCIes  seX  Vt  spargatVr  IesV  )  _ 

orDo,  pontIfICIs  paVLI  pIetate  LICebIt.  j  ""     I**° 

Aliter. 

orDo  noVVs  qVasI  non  generIs  satIs  IstIVs  esset  )  _ 

pontIfICIs  aCCresCens  VeterI  ConDebar  IesV.  J  ""     1$*° 


.1541- 
Henricus  Saxoniae  dux  Mauricii  et  August!  electorum  pater  discessit. 
MaVrICII  pater  aVgVstIqVe  a  fratre  reLICta  ) 

His  bona  sIC  CessIt,  LiETVs  sIt  Vt  Ipse  paternIs.         j         x^41 
Paternis, — id  est  cselestibus  post  mortem. 

1542. 
Joannes  Fridericus  Elector,  et  Mauritius  ad  bellum  grave  consur- 
rexerant,  nisi  Landgravius  placasset. 
MaVrICIVs  beLLo  pasChaLI  eXarsIt,  et  eIVs  )  _ 

ensIfer  agnatVs;  paCatos  hasse  reLInqVas.  j  l**2 

Paschali, — ita  a  vulgo  appellabatur  quod  circiter  illud  tempus  esset  motum. 
(Hasse,  i.e.  O  Landgrave  of  Hesse.) 

1543. 
Princeps  Clivensis  Csesan  se  subjicit 
aVfert  CLIVensIs  prInCeps  a  CiESARE  paCeM,  et  )  = 

aVferrI  patItVr  LIbVIt  qVjr  aVferre  potentI.  j  l**$ 

1  The  Society  or  Company  of  Jesus  was  founded  by  Loyola  in  1534 ;  he  presented  its 
institutes  in  1539  to  Pope  Paul  hi.,  who  raised  some  objections;  alterations  having  been 
made,  the  Pope  confirmed  the  institution  by  a  bull  in  1540.  The  number  of  members  was 
not  to  exceed  sixty,  but  that  restriction  was  taken  off  by  another  bull,  14th  March  1543. 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY.  5*9 

1544. 
Franciscus  secundus  Henrici  filius  rex  Gallia?  nascitur. 
franCIsCo  franCIsCb  nepos  n VnC  gIgnere  regI  1 

reX  breVIs  a  patrIs  tIbI  raptI  Morte  fVtVrVs.  j  544 

1545. 
Albertus  Brandenburgicus  archiepiscopus  Moguntinus  Magdeburgensis 
et  Halberstadensis  episcopus,  itemque  R.  E.  Cardinalis  moritur. 
aLbertVs  trIpLICIs  generosVs  epIsCopVs  aVIje  )  x 

CarDInIs  et  LatII  pars,  hIs  De  qVatVor  eXIt.  j 

1546. 
Obitus  Lutheri,   quern  secutum  est  eodem  anno  bellum  Schmal- 
caldicum. 

CONTlNVlT  VIVENS  PRO  PAPA  GESARIS  ARM  a  1  _  6 

LVtherVs,  soLVIt  neCb;  sIC  eVenta  probarVnt.  j  54 

1547. 
Franciscus  Galliae,  Henricus  vin.  Angliae  reges  defuncti  sunt,  eo  ipso 
anno  quo  Caesar  electorem  Saxoniae  vicit,  cui  alioqui  vel  ambo,  vel 
alteruter  auxilio  erat  futurus. 
qVIs  sCIt  saXonICa  an  potVIssent  arMa  tVerI 
si  Letho  reges  CarVIssent  gaLLVs  et  angLVs? 


}- 


1547 


1548. 
Sphinx  Augustana  proponitur. 
papa  LVtheranIs  VIX  ConCILIabItVr  aVDaX 
Interea  posses  sIC  ET  sIC  traDere  pastor. 


}=   1548 


1549- 
Paulus  in.  admodum  senex  obiit,  paulb  ante  initium  Jubilaei  quern 
non  mediocriter  videre  cupierat. 
qVIs  sVCCeDentIs  tIbI  IVbILa  pr^CIpIt  annI?  \ 

#tertIe  paVLe,  sVIs  an  fVsIs  InVIDa  parCa?  J  549 

Prsecipit, — id  est  prseripit. 

I550. 
Magdeburgi  obsidio.     (Magdeburg,  the  Maiden-city.) 
sVstIneas  obsessa  VIros  Vrbs  noMIne  VIrgo,  )  _ 

aVXILIo  CaLI  beLLans,  et  nesCIa  VInCL  /  ""     I55° 

1551. 
Magdeburgi  deditio. 
aCCIpIas  hostes  Vrbs  VIrgo;  InIVrIa  nVLLa  )  _ 

Vis  te  nVLLa  petet  ferrI  eXperIerIs  aMICos.  j  " 

1  This  makes  1550 ;  all  the  words  agree  with  the  original 


1 


520  EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 

1552. 

Joannes  Fridericus  Septemvir  et  Philippus  Landgravius  dimittuntur 

a  Caesare  inclinata  fortuna. 
CaptIVI  reDIere  DVCes  a  Gesare  CVIVs  I 

non  VIrtVs,  non  fortVna  est  VetVs  agnIta  CastrIs.  j  "2 

Mauricius  elector  proffligatis  copiis  Alberti  Marchionis  Branden- 

burgici  victor  obiit 
MarChIo  VICtVs  abIt,  qVa  saXo  VICtor  obIre  I 

CogItVr  e  pVgna;  VarIat  sors  beLLa  gerentI.  j  i553 


1554. 
Sibylla  uxor  Electoris  Joannis  Friderici  et  ipse  Elector  placidfc  pau- 
corum  dierum  intervallo  commoriuntur. 
CLIVensIs  ConIVnX  pr«CessIt  In  jEthera  parte,  | 

parte   alIqVa    In    gLebas,    seqVerIsqVe    hanC    saXo>=     1554 
MarIte.     (Faulty,  because  one  l  is  not  counted.)  ) 

1555. 

Marcellus  secundus  pontificatum  adipiscitur  ac  paulb  post  obit. 
hVIVs  MarCeLLVs  papa  est  neC  totIVs  annI,  I 

VIX  PARViE  partIs;  toLLVntVr  Cetera  fato.  j  "5 

1556. 
Thomas  Cramerus  in  Anglia  comburitur.     (i.e.  Cranmer.) 
CraMerVs  pervert  spretos,  qVIbVs  VrItVr  Ignes, 
appeLLatVs  Vt  Iste,  LatVs  CVI  ChrIste  reVeLas. 


}=     *S& 


}=     1SS8 


1557- 

Pugna  ad  S.  Quintianum  Gallorum  et  Hispaniomm  Gallis  infelix. 
qVIntInI  pVgna  toLLVntVr  robora  gaLLo  )  _ 

gaLLIs  VIX  graVIor  CLaDes  obLata  VIDetVr.  /  ~     I557 

1558. 
Caroli  v.  imperatoris  ex  MLc  vit&  discessus. 
CaroLVs  a  qVarto  qVI  proXIMVs  arbIter  orbIs 
et  sVCCessor  aVI  fVIt,  hInC  reVoLabat  In  astra. 

1559. 
Henricus  secundus  rex  Galliarum  ex  ludo  equestri  periit. 
DICItVr  et  CeLtIs  henrICVs  obIsse  seCVnDVs  ) 

Iste  LVtheranos  qVI  reX  tot  IVsserat  VrI.  /         *"9 

1560. 

Philippus  Melancthon  virino  comparabilis  preceptor  noster  communis 

ad  Christum  evocatur. 
Veste  pli  trIstIs  nIgra  LVgebo,  MeLanCthon  )  fi 

eX  qVa  faCtVs  brat,  fIt  teLLVs,  qVaqVe  VoCatVs.     j  5 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY.  521 

IS61- 
In  Gallia  liberum  permittitur  religionis  exercitium  sed  parum  con- 
stanter.1' 
esto  eVangeLICVs,  qVI  VVLt,  hoC  CaroLVs  InqVIt     \% 
nonVs;  MVtatVr  noVIes  sententIa  CeLt*.  J 

Jocus  a  numero,  cum  se  ille  appellavit  novum,  novies  dicitur  decessisse  a 
decreto. 

1562. 
Joannes  Stigelius  poeta  a  rebus  humanis  eximitur. 

VIVere  DIgnVs  eras  Vis  hIC  VIXIsse  stIgeLI  )  , 

ILLIC  Vt  Degas,  VbI  VIta  est  aLtera  Constans.  J  ""     ** 

„      .      .  x563- 

Crumbachiana  factio  Herbipolin  (i.e.  Wurzburg)  fraude  invadit 

herbIpoLIn  VeXabat  atroX  CrVMbaChIVs,  Vt  qVI       1  , 

a  saCrIs  aLIenVs  epIsCopVs  esset  et  arIs.  J  **  3 

1564. 
Caesaris  Ferdinandi  obitus. 
a  ferDInanDo  non  abstInVere  potentes  )  3 

CiESARE  Si  PARCiE,   NVLLIS  PARCERE  CONSTAT.  J 

1565. 

Paulus  Vergerius  pontificis  quondam  callidus  legatus,  sed  postea 

amplexus  doctrinam  Evangelii  exul  obiit. 
paVLVs  VergerIVs  LatIa  reVoCatVs  ab  aVLa 
paVLI  DoCtrIna  reVoCatVr  In  astra  VehenDVs. 


}=     iS^S 
}=     1566 


1566. 
Solymannus  celeberrimus  Turcarum  imperator  e  vita  discedit. 
qVo  soLyManne  foCo  te  spIrItVs  effVgIt,  aVt  qVo 
eX  opere  aWLsVs  reX  es,  nIsI  beLLICe  beLLo. 

1567. 
Gotha  x:apta  et  solo  squata  est     (Gotha  tn  Thunngta). 
gotha  rVIt,  nostrIs  qVa  nIL  MVnItIVs  nVa  (sic)  )  . 

aVt  nVnC  arCe  CoLVnt,  aVt  tVnC  habVere  tVrIngL  f  ""     I5°7 

1568. 
Albertus  1.  Borussiae  dux  moritur. 
nVLLI  sVCCeDens  qVI  DVX  aLberte  borVssos  )  fig 

reXIstI  tItVLIs  hIs,  tV  nVnC  astra  tenebIs.  j  ** 

Rexisti  his  titulis,— ut  dux  appellaretur,  cum  antea  Magistri  ordinis 
Teutonici  fuissent  omnes. 

1  Alluding  to  the  Huguenots  in  France,  who  took  up  arms  against  their  persecutors  in 
1 561 ;  after  a  delusive  edict  of  toleration,  a  great  number  were  massacred  at  Vassy,  1st 
March  1562,  when  the  civil  wars  commenced,  which  lasted,  with  some  intermission,  till 
the  Edict  of  Nantes  in  1598.  *  This  makes  1661  ;  the  error  is  in  the  original. 

8  This  makes  15 14  j  the  error  is  in  the  original. 

3^ 


522 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 


}- 


}- 


}- 


}- 


i569 


=     i57o 


1569. 
D.  Victorinus  Strigelius  et  D.  Paulus  Eberus  eundem  annum  mortis 
inven&e. 
non  Mors  strIgeLIo,  non  parCa  peperCIt  ebero 
VICtorIne  tIbI,  tIbI  spargens  paVLe  CoLores. 
Spargcns  colores, — id  est  vos  paflidos  reddens. 

I570. 
Turcse  Cypron  invadunt. 
qVI  ChrIsto  ante  aLIqVot  rhoDIos  DetraXIt  aprILes  ) 
eXIt  Vt  In  Cypro  qVoqVe  nVLLVs  ChrIste  sVpersIs.  / 

1571. 
Turcae  pugna  navali  superantur. 
qVI  rhoDIIs  CyprIos  aDIeCerat  hostIs  egenos  ) 

CLasse  CorInthIaCo  non  res  Ita  In  aqVore  gessIt.-    j  57 

1572. 
Nuptiae  Gallicanse  toti  Galliae  funesta  sublato  perfidem  Amirallio.1 
paX  gaLLIs  fraVs,  faX  est  fraVs  regIa  nVpta  )  x 

LaVsqVe  trIpLeX  papa  ;  JaCet  aMIraLLIVs  ILLa.  (sic)  ) 

.1573. 
Joannes  Gulielmus  Joannis  Friderici  electoris  filius,  Saxoniae  princeps, 
obdormiscit. 

an  sCIt  Ioannes  gVLIeLMVs  spernere  fata  ; 

et  sCIt  et  hIs  hospes  sVperatIs  CceLICa  tangIt. 

1574- 
Henricus  Henrici  11.   Galliarum  regis  Alius  Polonorum  rex  factus, 
eodem  anno  aufugit. 

GALLIS  HENRICVS  NON  iEQVAVISSE  poLonos,  )  __ 

regna  sCIt  ;  ergo  Manens  HjeC  et  VoLet  et  feret  aLter.  j 

?575- 

Maximilianus  11.  imperator  eligitur  rex  Polonorum  a  parte  ordinum 
regni. 

ILLe  foret  Cesar  gaLLo  fVgIente  poLonos 
qVI  CVraVIsset,  seD  DIssensere  Creantes. 

Flacii  IllyricL 
peCCatI  oCCIsa  est  sVbstantIa,  et  aCCIDIt. 
franCofortensIs  gLeba  IaCtItar£  sepVLCrIs. 

Aliter. 
aCCIDIt  Vt  peCCatI  obeat  sVbstantIa,  at  o  si  . 

fIat  Vt  e  terrIs  DeLerI  possIt  hIC  error.  i  x575 

Alluditur  ad  certamina  illius. 


IS73 


'574 


1575 


1  Referring  to  the  death  of  Admiral  Coligny.    See  page  132,  ante.     The  chronogram  is 
wrong;  the  last  word  is  doubtfully  printed  ;  it  makes  only  1567. 

9  This  chronogram  is  badly  printed  and  wrong ;  it  makes  only  15 19. 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY.  523 

I576-.    . 

Maximiliani  n.  imperatoris  optimi  maximi  obitus. 

HEl   MIhI  ;  VM  TERR*;   CiESAR  NON   VLTE  (sic)   POLONOS    )  , 

regna  petIs  CceLI  non  InterCepta  VoCatVs.  J  ~"       *' 

Non  vlte  {sic)  polonos, — notatio  est  Maximiliani  cujus  alioqui  nomen 
versum  duplici  dc  causa  non  ingrediebatur. 

1577. 
Dantiscum  a  Polonis  obsidione  premitur.1 
In  DantIsCanas  CoLLeCta  poLonIa  partes  I 

nVLLa  parte  VIros  trepIDos  InVenerat  VrbIs.  )  "' 

1578. 

Sebastianus  Posthumus  rex  Portugalise  cadit  in  Mauritania. 
VnVs  Vt  hIspanos  rVrsVs  reX  sVbJVget  oMnes  )  a 

qVI  obstIteras  VIVens,  perIIstI  reX  apVD  afros.         J 

1579. 

Incendium  Erphordiae  grassatur  in  locum  duobus  nominatis  templis 

comprehensum. 
Inter  te  beneDICte,  Inter  te  CernItVr  aeLI  (sic)        )  __ 
ante  parasCeVen  noCtV  hIeraphorDICVs  IgnIs.  I  "9 

1580. 

Formula  concordiae  editur  et  Cracovise  libris  pontificiis  ingrati  com- 

buruntur. 
CraCoVI^e  LIbros  perDI  jatearIs  (sic)  InIqVI  )  s 

qVos  pIa  teVtonICo  ConCorDIa  In  orbe  propagat.       j 

1581. 
Lapis  post  fulmen  desuper  infusus. 
tres  VaLVIt  LIbras,  noVIes  et  qVatVor,  aLto  )  4 

qVI  LapIs  e  CgeLo  DesCenDIt  ab  aere  Cert^.  J 

Libras  31  pond  ere  aequavit. 

1582. 
Calendarium  Gregorianum  promulgatur. 
CreDItor,  oCtobrIs  non  a  tIbI  LVCe  tenebar  1  g 

soLVere,  qVa  VoLVI,  non  est,  Ita  DebIta  Cessant.      )         " 
Jocos  in  dies  exemptos,  qui  cum  non  fuerint,  affirmatur  non  deberi,  quod 
aliquo  illorum  solvi  debuerint. 

[The  revision  of  the  calendar  was  promulgated  in  1582,  when 
the  'new  style*  was  adopted  by  many  of  the  countries  in  Europe. 

A  siege  of  Dantzig.     There  are  some  errors  in  the  original  print,  and  the  penultimate 
word  is  not  clearly  legible. 

>  This  makes  1583  ;  the  error  is  in  the  badly  printed  original. 

3  This  makes  1582  ;  the  error  is  somewhere  in  the  original. 

4  This  makes  1586 ;  the  composer  of  the  chronogram  is  responsible  for  .the  error. 


5*4  EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY. 

Observe  the  base  advantage  taken  by  the  debtor  by  declaring  the 
impossibility  to  repay  because  the  day  of  his  liability  was  expunged 
from  the  reckoning  of. that  year.  The  chronogram  says — O  creditor! 
I  was  bound  to  pay  thee  on  the  gth  day  of  October,  I  wished  to  do  so, 
but  as  that  day  does  not  exist,  the  debt  consequently  ceases.] 

1583. 

Gebhardus  archiepiscopus  Coloniensis  excommunicatur.1 
anno  papa  DIes  rapVIt  bIs  qVInqVe  peraCto  )  __        g 

hoC  rapVIt  CVrrente  tIbI  ILLe  gebharDe  CoLonos.  _  J  ""     *$  * 

1584. 
Disputatio  Heidelbergica.2 
qVaLe  Det  In  Ccena  CorpVs  tVa  gratIa  ChrIste  )  _        g 

heIDeLberga  sVo  Certet  tVtore  VoLente.  j  ~"     **  * 

1585. 

Anna  conjunx  Augusti  Electoris  Saxonise  obiit 
DenIq.  te  genVIt,  genVIstI  saXona,  seD  nVnC 
aspICIs  In  CceLIs  CceLestIa  LjetIor  anna. 


}=     iS»S 


1586. 
Augustus  ipse,  et  sub  finem  anni  Stephanus  rex  Polonise  transeunt  ex 
hac  mortalitate. 


aVgVstVs  DVX,  et  stephanVs  reX,  saXo-poLono 
IVstItL®  CLarI  Vos  LaVDIbVs  eCCe  reLInqVent. 


}=     iS86 


1587. 
Maria  Scotiae  regina  jussu  Elisabeths  Angliae  regina  supplicio  afficitur. 
regIn^e  regIna  JVbe  eLIsabetha  MarIa  )  _        R 

Vt  CapVt  a  C0LL0  reseCetVr;  qVIppe  noCIVa.  j  ""     I5*7 

1588. 
Guisius  ab  Henrico  in.  Gallise  rege  interfici  jubetur  in  suspicionem 
affectati  regni  adductus. 

GALLVS   PRiEVENlAT,   NE  PR^VenIatVr,   AB   ILLo  )   _  gg 

qVI  prope  sCeptra  a  ManV  sIbI  ConCILIata  tenebat.  j  "*"     x5 

1589. 

Idem  Hernials  a  Monacho  Jacobo  Clemente  tollitur  coherent  versus 

cum  superioribus. 
atqVe  Ita  faCtVs  erat  Manifesto  tVtVs  ab  hoste       )  g 

si  bene  ab  Insano  fVgeret  GbLata  CVCVLLo.8  J         **  9 

1  The  circumstances  are  related  at  page  256,  ante;  they  are  very  carious. 
9  Calvinistic  disputes  concerning  the  nature  of  the  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper. 
'  This  chronogram  is  very  much  blurred,  and  reads  doubtfully ;  the  date,  however,  is 
made  right,  1589.    See  Chronograms^  p.  1 16,  assassination  of  Henry  in. 


EVENTS  IN  THE  SIXTEENTH  CENTURY.  525 

I590. 
Carolus  archidux  Austrian  filius  Ferdinandi  imperatoris,  diem  suum 
obiit. 

Coherent  et  hi, 

MINOR  AVSTRlACiE   RAPVlT  TE   CAROLE  GENTlS  )  ! 

arCIbVs  ...  lis  LVCtVs  bene  fata  tVLIstI.  f 

Aliud  de  eodem  anno. 
gregorIo  VrbanI,  sIXtIqVe  hVIC  CessIo  serVIt  ;  ( _       - 

sIXtVs  qVInqVe  CapIt,trIa  seXqVe  hVIC  aDJICIt  orDo.  J  ""     1 59° 
Trium  pontiiicum  mentio  hie  fit,  quid  com  illis  actum  sit,  ex  ipso  contextu 
intelligitur ;  numeri  saltern  explicandi  restant.     Sunt  Sixtus  v.  Urbanus  vin. 
et  Gregorius  xnn. 

The  remaining  chronograms,  which  follow,  are  without  any  intro- 
ductory remarks. 

1591- 
eLIgIt  eLeCtor  CceLos,  Vt  VILIa  MVtet  ) 

ensIfer  ;  aVgVstI  CVrat  tVteLa  nepotes.  f  ~"     J*9l 

Electoris  Saxoniae  obitus — hunc  autem  fuisse  Christianuxn  eo  innuitur, 
quod  in  tutelam  propterea  reciderint  Augusti  nepotes. 

1592- 
VIta  paLatInI  tVtoreM  DeserIt,  IsqVe  )  = 

non  opVs  agnatIs  tVtorIbVs  esse  pVtabat.  J  ~"     x592 

Joannis  Casimiri  Palatini  mors,  quam  curatoris  recusatio  secuta  est. 

1593. 
proLe  Carens  LVDoVICVs  obIt,  frIDerICVs  et  HiERES  >  _ 
sIt  tVbIngensIs  post  serVatorqVe  LyCeI.  j  ~"     '593 

Ludovicus  est  Wirtcbergensis  dux  sine  mascula  prole  defanctus,  ne  alia 
quae  piam  familia  intelligatur  Tubingensis  schola  praestat. 

1594. 
ConVentVs  sIt,  IbI  gerManI  prjeLIa  tVrCIs  ) 

ContInVatI:;  sVbest  non  CLaVsa  LVtetIa  regI.  j  x*94 

Conventus  Ratisbonensis  et  Lutetise  deditio. 

1595. 
soLVe  naVarraos  papa,  WLt  CLeMentIa,  CVIVs         )  _ 
hares  oCtaWs  petrI  reperIre  CarIna.  j  I^95 

Regis  Navarrei  absolutio  apud  Clementem  octavum  pontificem  jocose 
descriptum. 

I596. 
agrIa  si  perIIt  qVID  non  tIMeatVr  ab  hoste  )  6 

nIL  non  aVsVro,  nIsI  oVes  tVearIs  IesV?  j  x59 

Nimium  certd  periit,  tempore  autem  scriptionis  incertiores  crant  rumusculi. 

Here  the  book  abruptly  terminates. 

1  This  chronogram  of  1590  is  very  badly  printed  in  the  original  and  partly  illegible,  it 
therefore  remains  defective  and  makes  only  1509. 


SOME  AFFAIRS  IN  THE  NETHERLANDS. 

QUARTO  volume  of  twenty  tracts,1  in  the  Cambridge 
University  Library,  labelled  'Varia. — Cc.  12-48/  con- 
tains some  interesting  chronograms  relating  to  members 
of  the  Imperial  House  of  Austria  and  their  dominions 
in  the  Netherlands. 

TRACT  No.  1,  published  at  Brussels,  is  in  praise  of  Count  de 
Daun,  Governor  of  the  Austrian  Netherlands  in  1725.  A 
handsome  engraving  stands  in  the  place  of  a  title-page,  representing 
on  two  shields  the  armorial  bearings  of  the  De  Daun  family  only,  and 
those  of  other  families  in  nine  quarterings,  all  surrounded  with  bold 
.  scroll-work  supported  by  two  angelic  figures;  a  coronet  surmounts 
the  whole.  Beneath  is  a  chronogrammatic  inscription  as  follows,  in 
imitation  of  the  original,  making  the  date  1725 — 

appIia?s?s 

WrMo  phIMppo  1a? rentIo  Be  Ba¥ n 

prInCIpI  thIanens! 

a¥ re!  TeMierIs  eqWtI 

beIgII  g¥bernator! 

a€  IjangI entIs  patrIe  resta? ratorI* 

1  This  volume  is  probably  unique.     I  do  not  know  where  else  the  individual  tracts  exist. 


r 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS.  527 

i.e.  An  applause  to  Viricus  Philippus  Laurentius  de  Daun,  Prince 
of  Teano,  Knight  of  the  Order  of  the  Golden  Fleece,  Governor  of  the 
Netherlands,  and  restorer  of  his  languishing  country. 

The  tract  consists  of  thirty-one  leaves,  with  engravings  of  medals, 
twenty-eight  in  number,  bearing  emblematical  designs  to  exemplify 
the  public  and  private  beneficent  acts  of  the  prince,  each  with  an 
anagram  on  his  name  and  titles,  and  a  Latin  epigram  of  four  lines  in 
his  praise.  On  leaf  3  there  are  some  verses  addressed  to  him  pre- 
ceded by  this  chronogram  (in  imitation  of  the  original)  of  the  year 
1725,  the  last  two  words  being  anagrams  on  the  name  '  Daun,'  and  are 
made  to  bear  some  figurative  meaning  in  the  verses — 

gVbernatorI 

D  A  V  N 

LItterIs  bIs  eLoCatIs 

nVDa   VnDa. 

On  leaf  30  the  tract  concludes  with  the  following  words,  giving 
the  names  of  the  authors  of  it :— r 

Humillimi  atque  obsequentissimi  vestrse  famuli  Fratres  petrus  Canonicus 
Frigidi  Montis  et  joannes  carolus  vander  borcht  Brux.  Caes.  ac  Cath. 
Majestatis  a  Monctis  Prsefectus  dedicant  consecrant. 

The  importance  of  the  noble  family  of  Daun  can  be  traced  back 
for  at  least  700  years.  See  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  vii.  274,  '  Daun/ 
and  xlii.  497,  'Teano.'  This  Wiric  Philip  Laurence  von  Daun 
became  Prince  of  Teano,  in  Italy,  and  knight  of  the  Golden  Fleece ; 
he  was  an  officer  of  high  rank  in  the  army  of  Charles  in:  of  Spain, 
who  at  a  later  period  was  elected  as  Emperor  Charles  vi.  of  Germany. 

TRACT  No.  3  is  c  Oratio  Funebris  Ferdinandi  in.,'  dedicated  to 
his  son  Leopold  (the  Emperor),  King  of  Hungary  and  Bohemia, 
by  Ferdinandus  Ernestus  de  Trauttmanstorff,  s.r.i.  Comes.  Ant- 
werp (?)  1657.  It  contains  twelve  well-engraved  emblems,  with 
epigrams  in  honour  of  the  deceased  Emperor,  and  only  one  chrono- 
gram (on  page  72),  alluding  to  a  column  erected  by  him  to  the  Virgin 
Mary,  in  the  market-place  at  Vienna — 
statVaM  hanC  eX  Voto  ponIt  fernanDVs  III  aVgVstVs.    =     1644 

The  name  is  printed  in  the  book  now  quoted  as  ferDInanDVs, 
this  is  manifestly  wrong  as  a  chronogram.  Having  myself  copied  the 
inscription  from  the  column  at  Vienna,  I  make  the  required  correc- 
tion here.  See  Chronograms,  page  81.  The  name  frequently  occurs 
spelt  in  this  manner. 


528  SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 

TRACT  No.  9  is  '  Oratio  Funebris  in  obitu  serenissimae  Mariae 
Annas  Electricis  Bavarian  Archiducis  Austriae,  etc.,'  by  the 
English  College  of  the  Society  of  Jesuits  at  Louvain.  1666.  The 
oration  is  followed  by  a  series  of  Latin  poems,  concluding  on  page  40 
thus — 

MARIA  ANNA   BAVARO-AUSTRIACA. 

Anagramma. 

ARCA,   ARA,    MANNA,   VIA,   ARBOS,   VITA. 

Here  follows  a  short  Latin  poem  on  this  theme,  and  '  Sex  chrono- 
grammata  praedictum  anagramma  illustrantia,  facta  pro  Anno  Domini 
1665,  quo  serenissima  Archiducissa  mortua  est ' — 

InopIs  arCaM  aVara  LIbItIna  pr*DatVr.  =  1665 

oppressI  araM  InIqVa  CLotho  DIrVIt.  =  1665 

esVrIentIs  Manna  rIgIDa  LaChesIs  Vorat.  =  1665 

regLe  pIetatIs  iETERNVM  InsIgne  smVa  parCa  DeLet.    =  1665 

DILeCta  fatIgatIs  VMbra  heV  perIIt.  =  1665 

LangVIDI  VIta  Morte  aCerba  obIIt.  =  1665 

TRACT  No.  10  is  '  Oratio  Funebris  in  parentalibus  reverendissimi 
.  .  .  Guilielmi  ab  Angelis  Ruremondensis  episcopi  nominati, 
S.  Th.  Doctoris  ...  in  academia  Lovainiensi,  ab  Antonio  Dave.' 
Printed  at  Louvain,  1649.    On  the  back  of  the  title-page  are — 
Chronicon  anni  natalis  ejus. 

DeVs  aVXILIVM  sVIs.  =     1583 

Chronicon  anni  mortualis  ejusdem. 
ID  fVIt  gVILIeLMo  VtI  In  eIVs  natIVItate,        I  6 

et  In  VIta,  Ita  et  In  obItV.  /  ^ 

Aliud. 
gVILIeLMVs  postrIDIe  pVRGATiE  VIrgInIs  I  __       A 

heV  I  VIXIt.  J  ~     I04^ 

TRACT  No.  13,  a  short  heroic  and  allegorical  ballet,  '  Les  Athen- 
ians,' performed  at  Brussels  on  4th  November  1739,  to  cele- 
brate the  f&e  of  the  Emperor  Charles  vi.,  in  the  presence  of  Her 
Highness  the  Archduchess,  Governess  of  the  Netherlands ;  it  is  thus 
dated  on  the  title-page^ — 

aU  noM  De  CharLes  sIX,  ) 

peUpLes,  soIez  JoIeUX.  }  "     I7*9 

ANDREAS  CREUSEN,  fifth  Bishop  of  Malines,  died  on  the 
8th  of  November  1666;  this  neat  chronogram  is  at  the  end 
of  his  funeral  oration — 

Chronographkon  anni. 
anDreas  antIstes  qVIntVs  MeChLInIensIs  obIt        =     1666 
Mensis  et  Diet, 
DeLetVr  oCtaVa  noVeMbrIs.  =     1666 


r 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 

TRACT  No.  n  is  'Crux  Chronographica  atque  chronicum 
anagrammaticum  de  Sancta  Cruce,  nee  non  selectiora  quaedam 
Chronographica,  versibus  tam  Leoninis  quam  Rhythmicis  illustrata 
Reverendissimo  .  .  .  Alphonso  de  Berges,  archiepiscopo  Mechlini- 
ensi,  in  strenam  mysticam.  Authore  Francisco  Godin,  Ludimagistro 
jurato/    Brussels,  1675.     On  the  back  °f the  title-page  is  this — 

Crux  Chronographica. 


5*9 


spIrltVsqVe  O    sanCtl. 


3* 


53o 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS, 


The  chronogram  within  the  cross  on  the  preceding  page  is  to  be 
read  thus — 

In  noMIne  DeI  patrIs,  fILIIqVe  J  ^ 

spIrItVsqVe  sanCtI.  J  73 

Six  pages  of  Latin  verses  immediately  follow,  arranged  as  couplets 
and  short  devotional  poems  on  the  subject  of  the  Cross.  Passing 
them  over,  I  extract  only  the  chronograms  which  accompany  them — 

DVM  CrVX  saLVs.  =     1675 

•  Anagramma. 
sVM  DVX  CLarVs.  =     1675 


CrVX  saLVteM  DatVra. 

CrVX  Dat  pLaVsVM. 

CrVX  tanDeM  saLVat  sVos. 

MIhI  CrVX  sis  Vna  fIDeLIs. 

CrVX  eXaLtanDa  Mane. 

CrVX  spLenDet  per  >bVVM. 

CrVX  seMper  LaVDetVr. 

CrVX  LVMen  aDaVget. 

Dat  CrVX  Vna  poLVM. 

MIhI  sis  CrVX  Vna  fIDeLIs. 

seMper  LaVDetVr  CrVX. 


1675 

1675 
1675 
1675 
1675 
1675 
1675 

167S 
1675 
1675 


»»»»♦»»»»»♦♦»♦♦ 


THE  LOUVAIN-MALINES  CANAL, 

A  curious  tract,  consisting  of  eight  pages,  in  the  collection  of  the 
J\^  Rev.  W.  Begley,  is  filled  with  poetry  in  long  metre,  in  the 
Flemish  language,  written  to  commemorate  the  commencement  of  a 
canal  from  Louvain  to  a  place  beyond  Malines,  on  the  river  Senne, 
called  Sinnegat  His  Royal  Highness  Charles  Alexander,  Duke  of 
Lorraine,  governor  of  the  Austrian  Netherlands,  cut  the  first  sod 
('leva  le  premier  gazon')  on  9th  February  1750.  The  tract  contains 
several  chronograms  of  the  date,  in  the  Flemish  and  Latin  languages, 
and  a  map,  in  size  55  by  10  inches  (on  a  scale  of  about  10  inches  to 
a  league),  with  explanations  in  French,  showing  the  canal  to  be 
about  five  leagues  in  length;  also  two  engravings,  representing  in 
actual  size  the  front  and  back  of  the  silver  spade  used  by  the  Duke 
on  the  occasion.  The  spade  was  highly  ornamented  on  both  sides 
with  armorial  shields  and  emblems,  with  chronogrammatic  mottoes, 
which  give  the  date  1750;  the  accompanying  two  facsimile  copies 
(slightly  reduced  from  the  originals)  will  render  any  further  description 
needless.  This  is  the  only  example  of  such  an  application  of  chrono- 
grams that  has  fallen  under  my  notice.    The  title-page  is  as  follows — 


r 


mm 


some  netherlands  affairs.  531 

sChoon  CanaeL  Der  peeterMannen     »    1750 

tot  Welvaeren  vande  oude  Hooft-Stadt 

LOVEN, 

Eertydts  Vermaert  door  den  Coop-handel,  daer  naer  door  de 
Roem-rughtige  Universiteyt ; 
Ende  nu  wederom  door  het  graeven  der  *-* 

NIEUWE   VAERT: 

Waer  toe  de  gewenschte  octroy  genadelyck 

is  verleent  van  haere  Keyserlycke  en  Coninghlycke  Majesteyt 

MARIA   TERESIA 

Den,  VYf-en-tWIntIChsten  Van  JanU-J 

arIUs,  seVenthIen-honDert  >=    1750 

enDe  VYftICh.  ) 

In  welcke  vaert  den  Eersten  Steeck  is  gegraeven  met  een 
ZILVERE  SCHUP 

Door  syne  Coninghlycke  hoogheydt  en  Prins 

CAROLUS   ALEXANDER 

Hertogh  van  Loreynen  en  Baer,  en  Gouverneur  der  Oostenrycksche 

Nederlanden,  &c.  &c  &c. 

op  den  9  van  Februarius  1750. 

Zynde  hier  by  gevoeght  de  afteekeninge  van  de  zilvere  schup,  ende 

het  plan  vande  geheele  nieuwe  vaert,  gegraveert  op  kopere  plaeten. 

Tot  Loven  by  Henricus  Vander  Haert 

Met  Approbate. 

In  the  lower  corner  of  the  map,  beneath  a  shield  charged  with  the 
arms  of  Louvain,  is  this  motto — 

Cernens  Mea  DeCora  LiBTOR.  =     1750 

The  first  two  pages  of  verse  declare  the  importance  of  Louvain, 
and  that  the  trade  and  commerce  of  the  city  will  be  improved  by  the 
new  canal ;  this  chronogram  leads  off  the  subject — 

eDeLe  CoopMansChap  =     1750 

MaeCkt  paLLas  De  pLaets.  =     1750 

And  at  the  conclusion  of  the  verses  is  this  '  jaer-schriften ' — 

Door  paLLas  koopMansChap  fLoreert;  =     1750 

pLenas  aDfert  paLLas  MerCes.  =     1750 

The  next  pages  of  verse  are  addressed  principally  to  the  Empress 
Maria  Theresa,  Sovereign  of  the  Netherlands,  who  granted  the  privilege 
to  make  the  canal ;  they  are  preceded  by  these  two  chronograms — 
'toCtroY  Van  De  nIeUVVe  Vaert  Van  LoVen      ) 

VerLeent  Van  MarIa  teresIa.  j  x'5° 

De  CanaeL  beCoMen.  =1750 

And  at  the  conclusion  is  this  'jaer-schriften,'  referring  to  Mr. 
Peetermans,  the  chief  engineer  of  the  works — 


1 


532  SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 

peeterMans  beDanCkt  CareL;  =     1750 

Creegh  toesteM  Der  CanaeL.  =     1750 

The  verses  on  the  next  page  are  in  praise  of  the  Prince  Charles 
and  the  same  Mr.  Peetermans,  and  are  otherwise  appropriate  to  the 
occasion ;  they  are  preceded  by — 

Door  prIns  CaroLUs  Van  LoreYnen  enDe  baer      ) 
Is  De  nIeUWe  Vaert  gegraeVen  geWeest.  ]  '* 

The  silver  spade  is  described,  and  the  chronograms  engraved 
thereon  are  quoted,  thus — 

HjeC  Dat  CanaLeM.  =     1750 

ConDo  CanaLeM.  =     1750 

CanaLes  Dant  MerCes.  =     1750 

eCCe  tanDeM  fLorebo.  =     1750 

And  the  verses  conclude  with  this  'jaer-schriften' — 

Met  Den  CareL's  steeCk,  ==     1750 

De  CoopMansChap  herLeeft.  =     1750 

The  next  verses  apply  to  the  Flemish  canals  generally;  these 
chronograms  are  at  the  head — 

staDts  CoopMansChap  fLoreert,  =     1750 

Door  peeterMans  sCjioon  CanaeL.  =     1750 

And  this  '  jaer-schriften '  is  at  the  end  of  the  verses,  and  ter- 
minates the  last  page  of  the  tract — 

Door  't  sChoon  CanaeL  Der  staDt,  =     1750 

saL  De  staDt's  CoophanDeL  fLoreren.  =     1750 

THE  following  chronograms  are  from  a  biographical  dictionary, 
entitled,  Biographisch  anthologisch  en  critisch  Woordenboek 
der  Nederduitsche  dichters.  By  P.  G.  Witsen  Geysbeek.  Amster- 
dam, 1821.  (British  Museum,  press-mark  2038.  f.)  Vol.  ii.  165-169. 
Article  on  Delsing  J.  F. 

Vondels  graffschrift,  door  G.  Brandt,  is  00k  geenzins  verwerpclijk. 
hIer  rVst  Van  VonDeL,  hoog  beIaarD,  )  , 

apoLLo  en  zIJn  zangberg  WaarD.  J  "~     *  ?9 

Op  den  brand  den  Schouwburg  te  Amsterdam,  den  1 1  Mei. 
MIJn  bIJen  zWerVen  :  zIe  De  korf  Is  grVIs  en  asCh  !    )  _ 
eI,  zorgers  !  zorgt  op  nIeVW  ;  zlj  WeIgeen  V  geen  WasCh.  J  ""     l772 

Op  de  inwijding  van  den  niewen  Schouwburg,  te  Amsterdam  den 
15  September. 

thans  zaL  De  bIJ  op  nIeVW  In  febVs  kVnstkoor  zWeeVen,  ) 
en't  eeLste,    'tWeLk   ze'erLeest,   VoorWees    en   arMen>=     1774 

geeVen.  j 

Tydvaers  Geplaayst  op  den  grond  des  gewezen  Schouwburgs,  te 
Amsterdam. 
besChoVW-  op  nIeVWeen   hVIs,   Waar   nog    het  LVstIg  J 

KROOST>=       1773 

Van  IJVer  D'oVDen  stok  In  zIJne  eLenDe  troost.  j 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS.  533 

De  milddadigheid  aan  de  dankbare  roomsche  armen;  by  de 
eerste  afgifte  van  brood,  op  den  grond  des  gewezen  Schouwburgs,  te 
Amsterdam,  den  5  December. 

'T  WeLeer  VerWoest  tooneeL,  't  paLeIs  Der  poezIJ  !        ^  __         g 
strekt  V,  behoestIg  MensCh  !  hIer  tot  een  bakkerIJ.      j  ~~     *'   ' 

Op  het  oeconomisch  ontwerp  van  de  maatschappy  der  wetens- 
chappen,  te  Haarlem,  waarover  te  Amsterdam,  in  de  doorluchtige 
schole  de  eerste  vergadering  gehouden  is,  den  7  Februarij. 
VerheVen  MaatsChappIJ,  In  WerkLVst  onbezWeken  !      \ 
het    nakroost   zaL,    VerheVgD,    Van    VWontWerp    nogI  =     1778 

SPREKEN.  j 

Op   de    vergadering    van    den   oeconomischen  tak  van  voorn 
maatschappy,  gehouden  te  Haarlem,  den  15  September. 
't  Is  hIer  ihx  hart  ££n  DoeL,  In  oVerLeg  en  spreken,  j 
Daar  IeDer  traCht  het  takJe  op'tVLIJtIgste  aan  te  >  =     1778 

kVVeeken.  ) 

LEOPOLD  II.  of  Germany,  and  I.  of  Tuscany,  was  the  second 
son  of  Maria  Theresa  of  Austria  and  Francis  of  Lorraine.  He 
succeeded  to  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Tuscany  in  1765,  and  fixed  his 
residence  at  Florence,  and  greatly  improved  the  ^condition  of  the 
country  by  the  abolition  of  many  forms  of  misgovernment  which  had 
previously  existed  there.  By  the  death  of  his  brother,  the  Emperor 
Joseph  11.,  on  20th  February  1790,  Leopold  succeeded  to  his 
dominions,  and  was  elected  Emperor  of  Germany.  On  assuming  the 
administration  of  the  hereditary  dominions  of  the  house  of  Austria, 
he  showed  an  earnest  desire  to  please  his  subjects.  He  abolished  the 
more  obnoxious  innovations  of  his  brother ;  he  concluded  peace  with 
Turkey ;  he  pacified  Hungary ;  and  having  done  this,  his  next  step 
was  to  endeavour  to  pacify  the  revolted  States  of  the  Netherlands,  by 
offering  to  establish  their  ancient  constitutions.  The  insurgents 
having  obstinately  refused  to  listen  to  his  offers,  he  sent  troops  against 
them,-  and  recovered  without  much  difficulty  those  fine  provinces. 

Connected  with  these,  events  a  '  peace  congress  '  was  held,  and  an 
engraving  was  executed  and  published  to  commemorate  the  occasion ; 
the  accompanying  facsimile  of  it,  on  a  reduced  scale,  is  taken  from 
an  original  impression  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley. 
The  actual  size  is  22J  by  15!  inches.  It  represents  principally  a 
Flemish  chronogram  of  the  date  1790,  all  the  letters  of  which  are 
highly  ornamented,  the  date-letters  especially  so.  The  word  '  Keizers ' 
bears  the  imperial  crown,  and  those  signifying  England,  Prussia,  and 
Holland  bear  an  armorial  shield  of  those  countries  in  their  initial 
letters.  A  magnifying  glass  is  needed  to  make  out  the  smaller 
details  and  inscriptions,  such  as  that  on  the  floral  wand  held  by  the 
emperor,  i  pax  et  libertas,'  and  '  biblia  '  beneath  it.  In  the  pictorial 
part  of  the  subject  is  seen  the  bust  of  Leopold  11.  (Peter  Leopold), 


M- 


534  SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS 

with  many  emblematical  accessories  and  inscriptions.  The  medal- 
lion on  the  right  represents  the  congress  ;  the  chairs  bear  the  armorial 
shields  of  their  official  occupants.  In  the  upper  ornament,  a  cornu- 
copia on  the  right  pours  out  a  variety  of  objects,  among  them  may  be 
discerned  the  cordon  of  the  Golden  Fleece  and  minute  medals  of 
Leopold;  the  Prussian  Eagle  is  also  conspicuous.  The  engraving 
is  signed,  'Fait  k  la  Plume,  etc.,  grave'  par  A.  Zurcher.'  This  name  is  not 
found  in  the  catalogues  of  art  engravers  of  the  period.  The  impression 
is  marked  as  a  proof,  '  Proefdrukk'  The  engraving  is  probably  rare. 
I  believe  there  is  no  copy  of  it  in  the  British  Museum  collection. 

The  chronogram  is  as  follows ;  the  letter  y  counts  as  2  : — 
zIet  beLgen  !  LeopoLD  op's  keIzers  troon  VerheeVen 

V  Weer,  en  zoete  rVst,  en  Waare  VrYheID  geeVen  ; 
De  brIt,  en  prVIs,  en  bataVIer,  (  79 

V  rVkten  VIt  het  oorLogs  VIer. 

i.e.  See,  Belgians  /  Leopold  elevated  to  the  Emperor's  throne,  a  sweet 
rest  and  true  peace  given  to  Britain,  Prussia,  and  Holland,  atid  the  fear 
of  war  driven  far  away. 

This  pacific  appearance  of  affairs  was  not  destined  to  last. 
Leopold  died  on  the  1st  March  1792.  The  French  Revolution  had 
already  commenced,  and  one  of  the  political  consequences  was  a 
declaration  of  war  by  France  against  the  Emperor  of  Germany,  and 
the  Netherland  provinces  were  conquered  by  the  French  republicans 
before  the  end  of  that  eventful  year. 

MAXIMILIAN  VRIENTIUS  of  Ghent  was  a  celebrated  writer 
of  epigrams  upon  the  political  and  other  events  of  his  time. 
He  published  his  works  early  in  the  seventeenth  century.  He  also 
wrote  very  spirited  epigrammatic  chronograms,  many  of  which  I  have 
given  in  my  former  volume  on  Chronograms.  (See  index  under 
4  Vrientius.>)  Another  work  by  this  author  has  recently  come  into  my 
possession,  containing  some  examples  of  those  compositions  not  before 
noticed  by  me.  The  title  is, '  Urbes  Flandriae  et  Brabantiae,  Auctore 
Maxaemiliano  Vrientio  Belga  Gandensi.  Lovanii  cid.iocxiv'  (1614). 
A  separate  division  bears  this  title,  *  Urbes  Brabantise  precipuse,'  and 
consists  of  a  series  of  epigrams  and  short  poems  concerning  certain 
towns  of  Brabant,  and  the  events,  principally  of  war,  which  affected 
them.  I  extract  the  following  miscellaneous  chronograms.  The 
letter  d=5oo  is  not  to  be  counted  as  a  numeral. 

Epigram  on  certain  ecclesiastical  affairs,  '  In  unionem  status 
ecclesiastici  et  iv  ordinum  Flandriae ' — 

ordInIbVs  fLandrIs  Consors  eCCLesIa  nVpta  est.  ' ) 

nasCatVr  soboLes,  paX,  ModVs,  atqVe  qVIes.  ]         I*™ 

The  tower  of  the  cathedral  of  St  Bavon  at  Ghent  was  burnt  by 
lightning  in  1602.  See  Chronograms,  p.  117.  The  Belfry  tower,  386 
feet  high,  is  near  to  it,  having  on  the  summit  of  the  spire  a  vane  con- 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS.  535 

sisting  of  a  gilded  dragon  ten  feet  in  length,  which  was  taken  from 
the  church  of  St.  Sophia  at  Constantinople  in  1204,  by  Count-  Bald- 
win ix.,  who  presented  it  to  the  people  of  Ghent  The  tower  is  said 
to  be  a  token  of  the  liberties  of  the  citizens.  The  following  epigram, 
1  In  draconem  Capitolinum,  1545/  seems  to  be  in  allusion  to  the 
gilding  of  this  dragon  by  the  first '  Consul/  Giles  Baenst — 
jbgIdIo  baensto  gandaVI  ConsVLe  prIMo,  )  _ 

eXtVLIt  aVratVs  CoLLa  sVperba  draCo.  j  "~     l**$ 

A  canal  was  cut  to  improve  the  navigation  between  Ghept  and  the 
sea.  See  Chronograms •,  p.  55.  The  following  epigram,  '  In  novum 
Gandavi  alveum,  qui  ad  mare  ducit,  vulgfc  de  Nieu-vaert,  absolutum 
An.  mdxlix/  seems  to  refer  to  it — 

CandIda  VeLa  VoLent,  gondVnIa  VIrgo  MarItat  ^  __ 

oCeano,  eX  aVro  CerVLa  regna  fLVent.  j  "~     r549 

Epigram  on  the  restoration  of  the  Augustine  monastery  at  Ghent 
in  1606 — 

o  Mcestas  LiBTASQVE  VICes,  popVLI  frVor  ante  )  ,  , 

qVod  rVIt,  Id  popVLI  nVnC  faVor  eCCe,  strVIt.         /  -     IOO° 
On  the  erection  of  the  new  Jesuits'  church  of  St.  Laevinus  in  1606 —  ] 
sanCte  faVe,  LjeVIne  faVe,  tIbI  CcetVs  IesV  )  fi  , 

eXtrVIt,  heLLIno  ConsVLe,  teMpLa,  faVe.  j 

In  ruinam  Porta  Csesarese,  mense  Janu.  mdcviii.  Probably  one 
of  the  gates  of  the  city  of  Ghent — 

prona  rVIt  sVCCVssa  geLV  tVa,  CaroLe,  porta,  )       .     6  g 

VIrgo  CaVe,  atqVe  oMen  LjeVaqVe  sIgna  paVe.  j  "" 

In  Legatos  Persas  Gandavi  exceptos  viiL  Juni  mdcviii. — 
hospItIo  persas  MaVortIa  ganDa  reCeptat.  =     1608 

Locus  hospitii, 
ganDa  potens  persas  sVsCepIt  In  hospIte  poMo.  =     1608 

This  epigram  has  reference  to  peace  made  with  England — 
qVjE  dedIt  ante  graVes  Infensa  brItannIa  spInas,  \ 

paCIs  odorIferas  spargIt  In  orbe  rosas.  (  _ 

hoC,  IaCobe,  tIbI  pro  MVnere  fLandrIa  debet,  j  i$W 

PACIS  ET  O  BATAViE  TE  CapVt    ESSE  VoVET.1  ) 

Another  on  the  same  event. 
angLVs,  Iber,  regVM  dVo  sIdera,  paCe  seCVndA  )  =       , 

ConCILIant  popVLos  deXter  VterqVe  sVos.1  j  x     4 

The  remaining  chronograms  relate  to  the  treaty  of  peace  con- 
cluded in  1609,  the  year  when  the  independence  of  the  United 
Provinces  of  Holland  was  recognized — 

Chronographica. 

In  praefatas  inducias.     cid.  idg  ix     (1609.) 

To  the  Prince  Albert,  governor  of  the  Netherlands. 

ALBERTVS   ARChIdVX    aVSTRIjE,    DVX    BVRGVNDliE     BRABANTliE, 

CoMes  fLandrLe,  paCIfICator  beLgII.  s=     1609 

1  These  two  chronograms  on  the  same  event  represent  different  dates.    They  are  so 
printed  in  the  original. 


536 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 


To  the  Princess  Isabella  Clara  Eugenia,  governess  of  the  Nether- 
lands— 

Ver  VeLVt  has  VIoLas,  paCeM  sIC  VernVs  aprILIs 
partVrIt  aVspICIo,  dIVa  IsabeLLa,  tVo. 

To  both— 
dVX  pIVs  aLbertVs,  dVX  aVstrIa  CLara  IsabeLLa 
beLgIadVM  popVLo  fcedera  L«ta  Creant. 
To  the  Marquis  Ambrose  Spinola — 
spInoLa  sis  feLIX  GENViE  dVX  InCLVte,  per  te 
nasCItVr  eX  spInIs  paCIs  aMICa  rosa. 

In  nonam  Aprilis  induciarum  auspicem — 
saLVe  aVspeX  paCIs,  beLLIfVga,  dVLCIs  aprILI 
seMper,  et  In  VIrIdI  Veste  deCorVs  oVa. 

Justitia  et  Pax  osculate  sunt  se  mutub — 
osCVLa  ConIVngVnt  paX  atqVe  astr«a,  VenVstVs 
hInC  aMor,  aC  toto  nasCItVr  orbe  qVIes. 
Ad  ordines  Flandriae — 
CLerVs  oVat,  ganda  eXVLtat,  brVga,  Ipera  pLaVdVnt. 
franConIVs  redVCI  paCe  trIVMphat  ager. 
Ad  Flandros  et  Batavos — 
paX  fLandrIs  bataVIsqVe  datVr,  gaVdete  CoLonI, 
farra  dabVnt  qVerCVs,  fLVMIna  LaCte  fLVent. 
Ad  omnes — 
CandIda  paX  reMeat  nVnC  nVnC  seCVra  reVIsant 

oppIda  pLebs,  taVrVs  pasCVa,  pVppIs  aqVas. 
eXpeCtata  dIV  paX  eXtVLIt  aVrea  CornV, 
neCtare  et  aMbrosIa  beLgICa  tota  fLVet. 

respIrate  pII,  Donat  gens  aVst^Ia  paCeM. 

A   MARTlS   IRA  iNDVCIiE.  = 

On  the  fireworks  at  Ghent — 
Igne  trIVMphaLI  fLagrans  ferIt  ;ethera  ganDa,         = 
In  Maium — 
Igne  et  pICe  MaIVs  InarDet.      ^  = 

In  Martem — 
Mars  paCIs  In  IgnIbVs  arDet.  = 

Teutonicum — 
Den  paIIs  VerbranDt  Den  CrIIgh.  = 


SAINT  RUMOLD  OF  MECHLIN 

A  pamphlet  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley  describes, 
jf\  in  the  Flemish  language,  a  festival  held  at  Mechlin  in  honour 
of  the  patron  saint  Rumold.  (Pp.  104.  8°.)  The  title  is,  '  Verza- 
meling  der  Merkweerdigste  jaerschriften,  zinnebeelden,  verzen  en 
andere  opschriften  Waermede  het  Aertsbisschoppelyk  Seminarie,  de 
Collegien  en  de  voornaemste  Straten  de  stad  Mechelen  versierd  zyn, 


1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 
1609 

1609 

1609 

1609 
1609 

1609 

1609 

1609 

1609 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 


537 


tef  gelegenheyd  van  het  Jubel-feest  van  den  H.  Rumoldus,  bescherm- 
heyligen  dezer  stad,  den  24  Junij  1825/  The  affair  seems  to  have 
been  very  elaborate  as  to  the  poetical  compositions  in  Latin,  Flemish, 
and  French,  but  there  are  no  engraved  illustrations  to  depict  the 
decorative  structures,  which  were  important  and  conspicuous.1  There 
is  a  copious  use  of  chronograms,  mostly  in  Latin,  which  are  note- 
worthy for  conciseness,  arising  from  the  very  frequent  occurrence 
of  the  letter  M=  1000,  or  its  equivalent  of  letters  D,  and  conse- 
quently for  the  restricted  use  of  the  smaller  numerals  to  build  up  the 
date.  By  this  means  a  chronogram  is  condensed  into  the  space  of  one 
line,  or  the  compass  of  three  or  four  words;2  there  are,  naturally, 
some  exceptions.  The  work  contains  about  297  chronograms;  a 
transcript  of  all  would  be  uninteresting,  I  therefore  omit  those  having 
special  reference  to  some  emblematical  ornament  or  structure  which 
would  require  a  long  description  to  elucidate  the  meaning.  The 
following  selection,  93  in  number,  may  be  regarded  as  representative 
examples. 

The  first  happens  to  be  a  long  one,  containing  no  letter  M ;  it  must 
be  understood  that  the  saint  was  a  native  of  Scotland  (or  Ireland), 
and  of  royal  lineage — 

UrbIs  patronUs  regIa  sCoTta  prosapIA  natUs  ChrIsto^ 
qUarens     oVes     sCeptra     reLIqVIt  ;     patrLe     hUJUs 
fInIbUs  appeLLens   GeCa   gentILItatIs   nUbILa   eVan-  >=     1825 
geLII  LUCe    propULIt;    CUJUs    zeLo    hIC    aCCreVIt 
reLIgIo  Vera,  fUso  eJUs  CrUore  ConsIgnata.  j 

DIVe  !  saLUs,  CoLUMen,  nostrIs  qUI  gLorIa  beLgIs  =     1825 

aUspICIIs  DeDUC  gaUDIa  sanCta  tUIs!  =1825 

ChrIstI,  Depresso  beLIaL  VeXILLa  trIUMphant  =     1825 

traCtIbUs  hIs  fUgItant  CrIMIna,  LarVa,  DoLUs  =     1825 

eXUVIas  Certa  sanCtI  reDIMIre  CoronIs!  =     1825 

eXULet  Urbe  LUes,  Dent  preCe,  beLLa,  faMes!  =     1825 

soL  orIens  raDIo  pICeas  hInC  eXpULIt  UMbras,  =     1825 

In  CceLI  MIseros  LUCe  reDUXIt  Iter  =     1825 

Ljeta  DIes  agItans  CceLI  ConVeXa  trIUMphIs  =     1825 

CIVIbUs  eVIgILat  gLorIa,  faMa  DeCUs.  =     1825 

eXaLtez  poUr  roMbaUt  Vos  aCCents  D'aLgresse  =     1825 

ConsaCrez  Votre  aMoUr,  Vos  CceUrs,  Votre  tenDresse.    =     1825 

CceLI  InDICIUM  LUXIt.  =  1825 

DeCUs  apostoLatUs  eXCeLsUM.  =  1825 

stILLICIDIUM  CharItate  eXUberans.  =  1825 

eXorIens  IMpUDICItLe  oCCasUs.  =  1825 


1  Another  festival  to  St.  Rumold  is  mentioned  in  my  former  book,  Chronograms,  pp. 
431,  432. 

8  The  date  1825  cannot  be  expressed  by  numeral  letters  shorter  than  mdcccxxv  ;  it  is 
otherwise  with  some  dates  ;  for  instance,  md  =  1500,  MDX  =  1510,  mdc  =  1600 ;  of  course 
all  such  dates  may  be  prolonged  into  many  lines  by  using  a  multitude  of  the  smaller 
numerals. 

3  v 


S3» 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 


CceLItUM  ConsoDaLItIo  VIXIt. 
eXortUs  peCCatorUM  DestrUCtor. 

DUX  sanCtItatIs  ILLICIUM. 

eXhIbItIs  CeLebranDUs  MIraCULIs. 

Defensor  ChrIstICoLUM  IneXpUgnabILIs. 

LILIUM  ILLUXIstI  CanDore. 

CIVIs  eXCoLenDUs  oLYMpI. 

EXIMIfc  ConDeCoratUs  VICtorIIs. 

orCUM  perCUssIstI  eXCIDIIs. 
seCtator  CrVCIfIXI  IMItanDUs. 
ethnICIs  DILUCULUM  VerItatIs. 

These  were  put  up  at  the  Archiepiscopal  College — 

JUbILantIbUs  rUMoLIDIs  sChoLa  LiETATUR. 

SUB  DlGNO  PRjESULe  franCIsCo  antonIo 

JUbILaMUs. 
CoLLegII  JUVenta  rUMoLDo  JUbILat. 


}- 


These  were  over  a  gateway  at  the  College — 

ILLIta  sanCto  CrUore  LoCa 

Intrant  InCoI^e,  obseCrantes  VoCe,  VotIs,  MUnere  : 

orbIs  qUoqUe  CoLonUs  affLUIt. 

apostoLI  aD  LIMIna. 

faMa    naMqUe    CUnCtas    In    Late    terras   proDItrIX 

CUCUrrIt 
DIVIs  HlC  JUbILarI  :    (1825  bis  =  3650.) 
DIVos  hIC  etIaM  faCILes 
faVere  postULantIbUs. 
neMo  pUras  hIC,  qUIsqUIs  sIt,  roganDo  frUstra 
CongessIt  preCes: 
DaMnatUs  Voto,  tersIs  hInC  abIt 
sUppLICator  fLetIbUs. 
qUoD  JUstUM  rogItaVIt,  IMpetratUM  sIbI  sentIens 
InnoCUUs  rUra  repetIt  agrestIs.    (1825  bis  =  3650.) 
tanta  rogantIs  sUppLICIbUs  nobIs 
CUra  rUMoLDI  est! 
non  sInIt,  Inane  qUIs  VoCe  MUrMUr  fUDerIt 
aUDIt,  et  DeI  regIs  Infert  aUrIbUs.    (1825  bis  =  3650.) 
CUnCta  InDe  a  DIVIno  fonte  Dona 
Large  terrIs  InfLUUnt. 
arenIs  IgItUr  tantI  CrUore  saCrIs  MartYrIs 
aDeste  CIVes,  hospItes. 
nIL,  Dare  faCILe  nUMen  sUIs 
nUnC  negabIt  testIbUs. 

Prudentius  in  libro 
7rc/>i<rr€<£av<i>v,  Hymnus  primus. 

In  prIsCa  patrUM  fIDe  )  __ 

Constans  UsqUe  CIVItas  j  "~ 


1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 
1825 

1825 

1825 
1825 


=  1825 

=  1825 

=  3650 

=  1825 

=  1825 

=  1825 

=  3650 

=  1825 

=  3650 

=  1825 

=  1825 

=  1825 


1825 


f 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS.  539 

rUMoLDo  patrI,  apostoLo,  tUteLarI,  sanCto 

e  VotIs  JUbILat. 

apostoLICI  qUoqUe  fIrMUs  beLga  CUstos  DeposItI,1 

qUos  peCtore  gerIt  DoLI  pLan&  nesCIo 

gestIt  sensUs  eXprIMere: 

Versa  ILLe  anIMo  repUtans  sIngULa 

DeCIes  repetIta  LUstra, 

eX  patrUM  fIDe  aLIa  post  aLIa 

CeLebrata  JUbILo: 

repUtans  pLUres  serIe  perpetUA 

apostoLICI  seMInIs  traDUCes,2 

rUMoLDI  patrIs  SjeCULo  ILLatUs,  VerItatIs8 

InVenIt  CharIsMa,  InVento  seCUrUs 

aDileresCIt. 

totIUs  hIC  nobIs  DoCtrIn/e  CUM  sangUIne  profUsor,* 

CUrante  MIssUs  ILLo,  In  qUo  nesCIt  Vera  fIDes5 

nUtare  aUt  sentIre  DefeCtUM,  VICarIo  ChrIstI 

VaLEntI  beLgas  petrje  Monet  sUperstrUCtos 

non  VlNCENDiE  portIs  InferI.6 

sIC  VoLVentes,  ECCLEsliE  tenentVr  CathoLIC* 

seCUrI  beLgm  greMIo;7 

qUos  neMo  taLes  ConfInget,8  paratI, 

si  qUIs  VeLIt,  CensUs  Deferre.9 

qILb  pLantaVIt  rUMoLDUs, 

rIgante  franCIsCo  antonIo  posIta. 


JUbILo  sanCtI  rUMoLDI  oVate  CIVes  ! 


rUMoLDUs  GasCo  faX  popULo, 


}- 

1825 

1825 

}= 

l82S 

}- 

1825 

}- 

1825 

}- 

1825 

1825 

}= 

l82S 

4  = 

1825 
1825 
1825 

}= 

1825 

}- 

l82S 

}- 

1825 

}- 

l82S 

= 

1825 

= 

1825 

= 

l82S 

sis  aUXILIo,  rUMoLDe,  franCIsCo  antonIo, 
prInCIpI  De  M£an  pIo  sUCCessorI  tUo.    (sic.) 

[The  appointment  of  this  archbishop,  Franciscus  Antonius,  prince 
de  Mian,  in  181 7,  was  the  occasion  of  a  festival  at  Mechlin,  described 
at  pp.  99-103  of  this  present  volume.] 

1  Depositum  custodi.— 2  Tim.  L  14. 

1  Ab  apostolis  in  episcopatum  constitutes,  apostolici  seminis  traduces. — Tertull.   de 
prescript. 

8  Cum  episcopatus  successione  veritatis  charisma  acceperunt. — S.  Irenseus. 

4  Ecclesia,  cui  totam  doctrinam  apostoli  cum  sanguine  suo  profuderunt. — Tertull.  ibid. 

6  Ubi  fides  non  potest  sentire  defectum. — S.  Bern,  ad  Rom.  Pont. 

6  Tu  es  Petrus,  et  super  hanc  Petram  sedificabo  ecclesiam  meam ;  et  portae  inferi  non 
praevalebunt  ad  versus  earn. — Matt.  xvi.  18. 

7  In  ecclesiae  gremio  .  .  .  me  tenet  .  .  .  successio  sacerdotum.  —  S.  Aug. 

8  Hoc  modo  ecclesiae  apostolicas  census  suos  deferunt — Tertull.  de  praescript. 

9  Confingant  tale  aliquid  haeretici. — Idem>  ibid. 


540  SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 

The  following  appeared  on  a  decorative  structure  near  the  college. 
They  are  good  examples  of  concise  chronograms — 

SANCTiE  CIVItatI  festIVI  CongaUDeaMUs.  =  1825 

sanCte  rUMoLDe,  ChrIstIanIs  aUXILIare.  =  1825 

eXIMIa  DIVo  ConCeLebrate  JUbILa.  =  1825 

JUbILantIUM  ConCorDLe  pIetatIqUe  CongratULare.    =  1825 

saCro  beLgII  CUstoDI  oVantes  JUbILeMUs.  =  1825 

LUX  eCCLesI/e,  pIIs  PRESIDIUM.  =  1825 

CUstoDI  sUo  gratatUr  JUbILans  MeChLInIa.  =  1825 

reLUCet  prIsCa  fIDes  perpetUA  serIe  JUbILorUM.       =  1825 

MagnIfICa  aC  DUratUra  In  VerA  reLIgIone  fULgent.  =  1825 

sanCto  rUMoLDo  sUa  pIa  CIVItas  JUbILat.  =  1825 

fUI  LILIUM  DILUCULI.  =  1825 

II,  VI  DIMICUI,  ICI,  VICL  =  1825 

pLaUDIte  Vos  CIVes,  spLenDentI  pLaUDIte  soLI.        =  1825 

eLUXIt  ConspICUa  soLeMnItatIs  DIes.  =  1825 

pIetatIs  DILUCULUM  nesCIentIbUs.  =  1825 

IngentI  CIVes  CeLebrant  JaM  gaUDIa  pLaUsU.  =  1825 

JaM  LoNGfe  fUgIant  fLetUs,  sInt  gaUDIa  CUnCtIs.      =  1825 

effUso  pLaUsU,  Vos  CeLebrate  DUCeM.  =  1825 

Many  other  long  chronogrammatic  inscriptions  were  placed  on  the 
ornamental  structures  put  up  in  the  street.  The  following  one,  of 
moderate  length,  appeared  at  the  corn-market — 

UnanIMI  ConCorDIa  CIVes  InstrUUnt.  =  1825 

CorgratULatUr  sanCtUs  rUMoLDUs.  =  1825 

DIVUs  aC  LiETiE  MeChLInIensIs  UrbIs  patronUs.        =  1825 

sCotIa  ortUs  Certa  De  parentUMILLUstrI  orIgIne  natUs.=  1825 

DeInDe  epIsCopUs  VI  post  hInC  trUCIDatUs.  =  1825 

In  haC  VaLLe  VIVente  MatUra  proDIgIa  feCIt.         =  182s 

Ita  Ut  nUnC  seMperqUe  pLaCIDUs  In  aLtIs  habItet.    =  1825 

Io  beLgjE  eJUs  DeCenter  totIs  VIrIbUs  CeLebrate  festUM.=  1825 

annIs  qUInqUagInta  transaCtIs  eCCe  hoDIe  noVUM.     =  1825 

hoC  tUbIs  granDe  JUbILUM  CanIte  popULI.  =  1825 

Ut  aDsIt  nobIs  Car*;  Deo  aDJUVante  In  neCessItate  CUstos.  =  1825 

Of  the  remaining  chronograms,  about  eighty  in  number  are  quota- 
tions from  the  Bible,  applicable  to  various  emblematical  and  pictorial 
decorations  in  different  parts  of  the  city,  and  appropriate  to  the 
festival.  I  conclude  my  extracts  with  the  following,  which  specify  the 
date  and  origin  of  Saint  Rumold — 
sanCtUs  rUMoLDUs  patronUs  Ur.bIs,  Bis  qUIngentIs,   )  =       g 


bIsqUe  VIgIntI  qUInqUe  annIs  1°  JULIo  JUbILate 


onzen  heYLIgen  geLoofs-stIgter,  gebortIg  Van         } 
YrLanD,  JUbILeert  hIer  nU  DUYzenD,  (  ^ 


en  tVVee  keeren  VYf-en-tVVIntIg.  ^         l  2$ 

JAEREN    I.   JULIUS. 


f 


A  CONGRATULATION.  541 

BROADSHEETS  were  occasionally  printed  and  published  at  some 
of  the  Flemish  Universities,  and  perhaps  placarded  on  the  walls, 
to  congratulate  certain  favourite  students  on  their.attaining  academical 
honours  or  ecclesiastical  dignity.  These  printed  sheets  have  become 
rare.  I  know  of  only  two  examples  out  of  the  many  which  must  have 
existed,  and  they  are  both  composed  principally  in  chronogram.  One 
I  have  noticed  at  pp.  49,  50,  ante,  the  other  is  in  the  collection  of  the 
Rev.  W.  Begley.  It  congratulates  a  most  reverend  Peter  of  St.  Trond, 
in  Belgium,  on  his  election  as  general  of  his  order  at  Li£ge  on  the 
morning  of  the  day  of  Saint  Servatius  (the  13th  May)  1658.  The 
size  is  12 J  inches  by  n.  The  contents  are  as  follows  (the  intro- 
ductory lines  extend  to  the  width  of  the  sheet ;  the  chronograms  are 
arranged  in  two  columns). 

1  Reverendissimo  in  Christo  patri  et  eximio  Domino  D.  Petro 
A.  S.  Trudone  celeberrimae  canonicae  S.  Martini  Lovanii  Priori 
meritissimo,  necnon  canonicorum  regularium  congregationis  Windese- 
mensis  secretario  fidelissimo,  ac  tandem  totius  predictae  congregationis, 
per  utramque  Germaniam  generali  longe  dignissimo. 

graDVM  LICentLe  habentI.  =     1658 

patrI  sVo  CoLenDIssIMo,  =     1658 

DILeCtIssIMoqVe  =     1658 

LeoDII  In  CeLebrI  CanonICa  sanCtI  LeonarDI  ConfessorIs=     1658 

DIe  b.  serVatII  Man£  eLeCto.  =     1658 


Congratulatoria  Chronica} 

reVerenDIssIMe  p.  generaLIs  prospera  preCor,  =  1658 

et  Ipse  hVMILIter  DepreCor  =  1658 

DeVM  CceLI  parIter  et  orbIs;  =  1658 

ConserVet  te  a  DebILItate  et  MorbIs.  =  1658 

DIVIna  CLeMentIa  =  1658 

Det  seMper  benIgnItate,  aC  beneVoLentIA  =  1658 

patrI  generaLI  petro  a  sanCto  trVDone  sanItateM      =  1568 

aD  CapItVLI  prosperItateM  :  =  1658 

pLVra  etenIM  orDInI  potes  Conferre  bona,  =  1658 

qVIa  prjeCLarIssIMa  habes  Dona.  =  1658 

naM  In  te  generaLI  non  DesVnt  HjeC  bIna  :  =  1658 

hVMILItas  et  DoCtrIna  :  ^  =  1658 

non  sIMVLata,  seD  reCta  pIetas  est  In  te  :  =  1658 

seD  et  stabILI  es  et  InCorrVptA  Mente  =  1658 

eA  De  CaVsA  fIDeLIs  DIspensator  es,  =  1658 

DIsGIpLInatos  MVneres.  =  1658 

seD  et  si  DeLICta  VIDes,  =  1658 

sIngVLa  CorrIgere  ne  forMIDes.  =  1658 

sVbDItos  et  PRiELATOs,  et  aMes,  et  CorrIpIas  ;  =  1658 


1  Observe  the  rhyme  of  these  irregular  lines. 


542 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS. 


DIssIMVLare  nesCIas  ;  = 

InfIrMIs  Ver6  ConDoLeas,  = 

pro  Deo  et  orDIne  ContInV6  Labores;  et  iNDEFESst  = 

ConabIMVr  generaLI  obeDIentes  esse.  = 

Petrvs  a  sancto  Trvdone  generalis. 

Anagramma. 
Sta  plenvs  doctrina,  tvos  regenera. 
DoCtrInA  tVA  fILIos  reforMa. 


}= 
}- 


aD  generaLeM  pro  fIne  faVsta  appreCatIo  annI.         = 

eXVrgens  annVs  sIt  feLIX,  atqVe  beatVs  : 

tV  VaLIDo  seMper  robore  sanVs  eas. 
ID  VoVeo,  eXopto  pLVres  generaLIs  In  annos 

VI Vat  et  Ipse  Deo,  VIVat  et  Ipse  DIV. 
nestoreos  VIVaX  petrVs  generaLIs  In  annos 

trVDat,  et  eXtVrbet  De  grege  trVDo1  LVpos. 
tot  Degat  annIs,  qVot  hIC  ChronICa  CoLLeCta  Data  et 

obLata.  = 
ET  ITA  OCTOGINTA  ANNls  iETATEM  Deget  et  VLtra  :  = 

aMpLIVs  non  nIsI  Labor,  et  DoLor.  = 

Ista  oMnIa  VeLoCIter  Data  = 

ET 

A  rICharDo  robertI  nVssLe  Morante  eLaborata         = 
DabaM  hasCe  LIteras  noVesII  = 

Ipso  festo  Ascensionis,  quando  primum  intellexi  quod 
asCenDIstI  In  aLtVM.  = 

tVa,  CreDe  MIhI,  p.  generaLIs  = 

hVMILItas  asCenDIt.  = 

reVerenDIssIMe  pater,  pro  oVIbVs  eXora,  oVesqVe  tV*  )  _ 
pro  pastore  non  CessabVnt  eXorare.    -  J  ~~ 

esto  Deo  et  gregI  InCoLVMIs  = 

CLaVDaM  et  erIt  fInIs.  = 

Deo  generaLIVM  generaLI.  ) 

honor  et  gloria.  j 

Typis  Viduse  Hartgeri  Woringen.    Anno  1658. 


1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 


=   1658 


1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 

1658 
1658 
1658 
1658 

1658 
1658 

1658 
1658 
1658 

16S8 

1658 
1658 

1658 


A  BRUSSELS  JUBILEE. 

A  tract  of  only  eight  pages  8°,  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  W. 
Begley,  has  this  title,  '  Jubileum  Bruxellense  carmine  exhibet 
R.  D.  Carolus  Emanuel  Barnaba  presbyter.     Bruxellis  apud  iEgidium 


1  A  playful  allusion  to  his  name. 


f 


SOME  NETHERLANDS  AFFAIRS.  543 

Stryckwant,  typographum  Plated  vulgb  de  Bergstraet.  Cum  approba- 
tione.'  It  consists  of  Latin  poetry  in  heroic  verse,  alluding  to  heresies 
conquered  and  faith  restored  at  Brussels,  and  to  the  Sacrament  robbery 
(p.  114  ante),  and  recovery  of  the  three  sacred  Hosts  from  their  place 
of  concealment  The  names  of  the  Emperor  Charles  vi.,  and  of  the 
Duke  of  Parma,  the  governor  of  the  Netherlands,  occur.  The  poetry 
is  full  of  quotations  frQm  Virgil  It  is  followed  by  these  chronograms 
on  the  jubilee,  which  conclude  the  tract — 

Chronbgraphica. 
hostIIs  trIbUs  brUXeLLensIUM  DeCorI  et  thesaUro,   =     1735 
MUnDI  LUCI,  qILe  LatItaVIt  seXennIo,  =     1735 

pro  DepULsIs  VIrULentI  LUtherI  errorUM  nebULIs.  =     1735 
atqUe     In     haC     Urbe     VInDICatA    et    restItUta    fIDe 

orthoDoXA=     1735 
eXeMpLa  pIetatIs  eXhIbente  beLoIs  aUgUsta  LeopoLDI  =     1735 

proLe,  =         50 

senatUs  popULUsqUe  CULtUM  DeferUnt.  =     1735 


Alia. 

gaUDIUM  In  CIVItate  brUXeLLensI:  =  1735 

sUb  DUCe  parMensI  CIVItas  septenarIa  eXpIabatUr.  =  1735 
sUb  phILIppo  seCUnDo  In  Urbe  regIA  Magna         I 

eXULtatIo.                                      J  ~  735 

Io!  VIDetUr  JUbILeUM  A  sesqUI  seCULo.  =  1735 

annIVersarIUM  brUXeLLIs  DeVIC^e  HiEREsIs.  =  1735 

annIVersarIUM  brUXeLLIs  reCUperata  fIDeI.  =  1735 

eXULtans  reLIgIo  Dat  pLaUsUM  saLVIs  hostIIs.  =  1735 

MarIa  eLIsabetha  DUX  aUstrIaCa  Vera  hostIIs  tUteLa.  =  1735 

DUX  sanCtUM  CorpUs  VeneratUr.  =  1735 

brUXeLLa  DeI  pIIssIMa  ConserVatrIX.  =  1735 

Urbs  brUXeLLa  Deo  sUo  sCUtUM.  =  1735 

DeUs  brUXeLLa  sUiE  sCUtUM.  =  1735 

CertaVIt  fIDes  roMana  brUXeLLIs  Integro  seXennIo.  =  1735 

VICIt  atqUe  eXsUperaVIt  Casta  fIDes  erebI  Monstra.  =  1735 

trIUMphat  qUIet*:  fIDes  sUb  tUteLA  CaroLI  seXtI.  =  1735 
Imprimi  poterit.     Datum  Mechliniae 
20  Julii  1735. 
H.  Stevart  Ecclesiae  Metropolitans  S.  Rumoldi  canonicus, 
Censor  Libronim  ordinarius. 


THE   FRANKFORT  CHRONICLE. 


CHRONICLE  of  Frankfort-on-the-Main  bears  this  title, 
'  Der  Weit-briihmen  Freyen  Reichs-wahl  und  Handels- 
Stadt  Franckfurt  am  Mayn  chronica,  etc.,'  compiled 
by  Gebhard  Florian  from  the  manuscripts  of  Achilles 
Augustus  von  Lersner.  2  vols.  Folio.  1706- 1734.  A 
copy  is  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  10201.  g.).  There  are 
many  curious  engravings  of  local  coins  and  heraldry.  At  page  230 
of  vol.  ii.  a  panegyric  is  quoted,  in  which  the  career  of  Henry  Lewis 
Lersner  is  set  forth  in  Latin  verse,  divided  into  nine  'steps  of 
honour,'  describing  that  number  of  grades  of  office  and  dignity  which 
he  filled  at  the  city  of  Frankfort.  It  bears  this  title,  'PL  A  USUS 
PARNASSI  APPARATUS  summo  Honoris  gradui,  quando 
electus  Praetor  judicialis,  oblatus  in  ipso  natali  festivo  die  Generosis- 
simo  Magnificoque  viro  domino  Domino  Henrico  Ludovico  Lersnero, 
urbis  imperialis  et  reipublicae  Francofurtensis  Liberae  justissimo 
praetori,  judici  aequissimo  Scabino,  consuli  amplissimo  sapientis- 
simoque,  Scholarchae  magnifico,  in  diversis  legationibus.  Oratori 
facundissimo  a  Musis  queis  Apollo  praesidet,  quern  non  Parnassus 
sed  Paradisus  possidet  Francofurti  ad  Mcenum.  Typis  Andreae 
Deutschmann,  Anno  MDCXCV.' 

The  '  steps '  are  in  Latin  verse,  and  nearly  all  preceded  by  (care- 
lessly printed)  chronograms,  in  varied  metre,  after  Horace  and  other 
classical  poets.     I  transcribe  the  chronograms  only. 

The  first  or  introductory  chronogram  is  the  date  of  his  birth — 
nasCerIs  In  nono  febrVI,  tIbI  nonVs  honorIs  )  = 

traDItVr  InDe  graDVs  ;  perben^  nata  nItes.  J 

The  third  step  is  his  election  as  *  junior  consul  * — 
ConsVL  es  IVnIor,  Capere  IVnIorVM  saLe.  )  = 

ConsILIa  saCro  prope  Carent,  non  est  senIs.  J 


1629 
1677 


THE  FRANKFORT  CHRONICLE.  545 


}■ 
}■ 

5 — 

i 


1684 


The  fourth  step  he  enters  the  '  Senatus  Scabinorum ' — 
te  sCabInorVM  petIt  en  senatVs, 
pergIs,  atq.  Intras,  sapIentIA  ornas 
IVre  prafVLges,  sophLeq.  seDes 

ESSE  PVTARls. 

The  fifth  step  is  his  election  as  '  senior  scholarcha ' — 
Lersnere  transI  :  te  sChoLa  postVLat 
honorIs  ostro  CVM  senIor  nItes  v  =      go, 

sChoLarCha,  parnassVs  resVLtat,  [  ' 

tota  tIbI  resonat  IWenta. 

The  sixth  step  he  is  sent  to  Vienna  on  some  important  affairs — . 
astat,  qVIs  peraget?  Magna  LegatIo 

LersnerVs  VIr  aget  granDIs  et  eLoqVens,  }  =*     1688 

festIna  petIt  Vrbs  te  prIor  aVstrIjE. 

The  seventh  step  he  is  sent  to  Augsburg,  on  the  coronation  of  the 
1  King  of  the  Romans '  (the  Emperor)  Joseph  1. — 

hVngarLe  Ioseph  regaLIa  serta  reVInCtVs  )  _      6g 

Dona  stVpenDa  stVpet,  nonne  stVpenDVs  eras?  /  9 

The  eighth  step,  in  which  he  is  made  '  senior  consul  — 

non  est  fInIs  honorIbVs,  neC  In  te  \ 

VIrtVtIs  LVDoVICe  Lersner,  eCCe  V  =     1693 

te  Donat  senIore  ConsVLatV.  I 

The  ninth  step  he  is  elected  *  judicial  praetor' — 
DIssere,  qVot  graDIbVs  nItVIt  LersnerVs  honorIs  ?       )  _       , 
haVD  pLVres  referas,  angeLVs  esto  fVas.  J  ~~     l  95 

The  same  step  is  also  marked  by  this  metrical  chronogram,  which 
terminates  the  panegyric — 
PRiETOR  fVLges  IMperIaLIs 

VeCtVs  In  apICes  Lersner  honorIs  %  =      6 

non  pLVs  VLtra,  franCofVrtI  i  95 

gLorIa  non  est  aLtIor  VrbIs. 

m*~ 


}■ 


The  second  part  of  vol.  ii.  contains  a  large  number  of  epitaphs  and 
monumental  inscriptions  now  or  formerly  to  be  seen  at  Frankfort. 
Some  few  contain  chronograms  to  give  the  dates — 

sVb  jesV  D0M0  feLIX  tVtVsqVe  qVIesCo.  =     1692 

In  the  next,  the  chronogram  words  are  mingled  with  other 
words  or  sentences,  which  do  not  count  as  dates,  the  latter  being 
printed  in  simple  type.  The  inscription  was  placed  at  or  over  an 
altar  (the  first  two  lines  make  3424 ;  that  is  double  the  date  171 2,  the 
date  of  the  dedication  of  the  altar) — 

DEO   iETERNO   ET   INCARNATO   SACERDOTl   ET   HOSTliE  ) 

DElPARiE  et  VIrgInIqVe  In  aDaM  non  peCCaVIt        J  34  4 

pIetatI  In  ConIVgeM  per  fata  InDeLebILI.  =     171 2 

3Z 


546  THE  FRANKFORT  CHRONICLE. 

In  Annam  Augustam  natam  Comitissam  de  Hohenlohe 
Francofurti  21  7bris:  17 11.    Defunctam  et 

aDLatVs  In  Choro  sepVLtaM.  =     17 11 

hoC  aLtare  epItaphII  L0C0  ConDIDIt  )  __ 

ConseCrarIqVe  feCIt,  J  7 

Sere.  Euge.  Alexander  s.r.i.  de  la  Tour  et  Tassis, 

pro  qVa  saCrIfICeMVs  Deo.  =     17 12 

Another  epitaph,  to  children  of  the  noble  family  of  Thurn  and 
Taxis— 
sta  VIator  !  ne  aD  ossa  Deo  Chara  InCaVte  offenDas   =     1 7 12 
prInCIpVM  DeCora  sVnt;  =     17 12 

prInCIpaLIs  thorI  arIDI  raMVLI.  =     17 12 

serenIssIMa  stIrpIs  De  tVrre  et  tassIs  InnoCentes.    I 

sIne  fLore  fLores.  J         I'12 

Nimirum,  Philippus  Camoraltus  natus  1  Aprilis  mortuus 

1708. 

Francisca  Maria  Josepha  nata  17 11,  19  7bris. 

Mortua  29  ejusdem. 

Lotharius  Franciscus  natus  1705,  10  Martii, 

mortuus  1712,  27  Martii; 
hos  tres  fLores  MVnDo  feLICIter  genVere.  =     17 12 

Seren.  s.r.i.  Princeps  Eugenius  Alexander  de  la 
Tour  et  Tassis  et  Anna  Augusta  nata  Com.  de 
Hohenlohe,  fLorent.  has  proLes,  e  saCro  fonte  renatas, 

NON   FATA   REPVERVNT   SeD   ASTRA.    iBl.    BEAT/E    IN    DEO    ANIMAS. 

ossa  pIa  reqVIesCant. 

After  making  allowance  for,  and  correcting  probable  misprints  in 
the  original,  these  last  chronogrammatic  lines  do  not  make  any  pro- 
bable date,  and  to  that  extent  they  are  unintelligible.  At  page  171 
there  is  a  long  chronogrammatic  epitaph  to  Maria  Philippina 
Eleonora,  Princess  of  Tour  and  Taxis,  but  so  full  of  manifest  errors 
of  printing,  which  I  can  in  no  way  rectify,  I  am  obliged  reluctantly 
to  pass  it  over.  There  are  also  some  other  similar  epitaphs  to  other 
members  of  the  same  family ;  they  are  given  in  my  former  volume 
Chronograms^  pp.  65,  66,  copied  from  the  originals  in  Frankfort 
Cathedral. 

This  concludes  my  extracts.  The  work  is  said  to  be  much  valued 
at  Frankfort  for  the  great  store  of  local  history  contained  in  its  pages. 
It  is  worthy  of  a  place  in  any  collection.  Not  having  room  enough,  I 
was  obliged  to  let  pass  an  opportunity  I  had  for  becoming  the  owner 
of  a  copy. 


SOME  CURIOUS   BOOKS. 


THE   DISCALCEATE  TRINITARIANS. 

,  CURIOUS  tract  belonging  to  the  Rev.  W.  Begley,  printed 
at  Tyrnau,  in  Hungary,  in  1722,  folio,  bears  a  title  to 
this  effect : — The  horizon  of  the  Trinity  Hemisphere 
crowned  with  new  and  resplendent  light,  when,  by  the 
Joshua  of  our  time,  Adam,  Count  of  Kollonics  of 
Kollegrad  (and  many  other  titles),  in  the  free  and  royal  city  of 
Tyrnau,  the  fathers  of  the  excalceate  order  of  the  Holy  Trinity  for 
the  redemption  of  captives  were,  on  the  14th  June  1722,  conducted 
to  their  new  hermitage  in  that  city.  The  author's  name  is  '  Lucas  & 
S.  Nicolaus/  a  priest  of  the  order. 

The  title-page  is,  'HORIZON  TRINITARIO  TYRNA- 
VIENSIS  in  utriusque  Poli  Hemisphaerio  nova  eaque  fulgidissima 
luce  coronatus.  Per  seculi  nostri  redivivum  Joshue  illustrissimum 
ac  excellentissimum  dominum  Dominum  Adamum  e  comitibus  a 
Kollonics  de  Kollegrad,  perpetuum  in  Nagy-Lev&rd  &  Niderspergen 
(and  many  other  titles  and  dignities),  dum  in  Libera  Regiaque  Civi- 
tate  Tyrnaviensi  patres  excalceati  ordinis  sanctissimae  Trinitatis  de 
Redemptione  captivorum  anno  post  orbi  datum  Emmanuelem  1722, 
Dominica  tertia  post  Pentecosten,  die  14  mensis  Junii  festivas  inter 
acclamantium  voces  ad  neo  extructum  in  media  urbe  Asceterium 
traducerentur.  Cujus  ter  fortunati  eventtis  decursum,  rudi  calamo 
adumbratum,  majorum  jussu  compulsus  posteritati  transcripsit,  Fr. 
Lucas  &  S.  Nicolao  ejusdem  ordinis  sacerdos  et  Concionator. 
Tyrnaviae,  1722/ 

We  learn  from  the  tract  that  the  order  having  been  established 


54$  THE  DISCALCEATE  TRINITARIANS. 

at  Paris  as  early  as  1198,  for  the  release  of  Christians  held  in  cap- 
tivity by  the  Saracens,  and  extended  under  Papal  approbation,  and 
under  the  patronage  of  various  potentates  of  Europe,  was  lately 
established  in  Austria  and  Hungary,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Emperor  Leopold  I.,  and  especially  at  Tyrnau,  in  Hungary,  in  171 2, 
'Tyrnavia  universae  Pannoniae  ornamentum/  The  narrative  gives 
the  local  history  of  the  order  down  to  the  occasion  which  is  the  sub- 
ject of  the  tract.  The  following  c  triumphant '  sentence  is  printed  in 
bold  type  at  page  10 : — 

Io  Io  VIVat  In  trInItate  aDaMVs  )  _ 

koLLonICh;  J  ~     l'22 

DIgnVs  CVstos  \ 

REGliE  CORONiE   HVNGARORVM  J  '' 

IteM  I 

Ipse  epIsCopVs,  CantorqVe  strIgonIensIs  >  =     1722 

anDreas  kVrtossL  ) 

sIt,  Maneat,  DVretqVe  reLIgIo  J 

trInItatIs  In  saCVLa.  /""     i;22 

serVItor  trInItatIs  CoMes  petrVs  I 

zIChI  De  VasonIko.  J  ~     I?22 

There  is  no  other  chronogram  in  the  tract. 
There  were  several  orders  of  Trinitarians  established  in  Spain, 
France,  Germany,  and  Hungary  for  redeeming  Christian  captives. 
Some  were  called  Discalceate  or  Barefoot,  going  about  with  naked 
feet,  or  at  most  with  small  leather  sandals. 

THE  JANSENISTS. 

SMALL  tract  in  my  possession  (12*,  pp.  38),  printed  at  Amster- 
dam in  1683,  bears  this  title — 

NO  VITAS 
Appensa  in  Stater^ 
ANTIQUITATIS 
emblematic^  trutinata. 
Le,  Novelty  tried  in  the  balance  0/  Antiquity  emblematically  weighed. 
The  contents  are  entirely  in  Latin.     They  relate  to  religious  doc- 
trines which  were  the  subject  of  dispute  in  the  Netherlands  and 
France.     The  name  Nicolaus  Costanus  is  signed  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  preface,  which  tells  us  that  the  tract  is  a  translation  and  printed 
at  his  expense,  the  author's  name  being  unknown  to  him.    The  fol- 
lowing is  a  complete  transcript  of  the  preface : — 

Ad  Lectorem. 
Ne  mireris,  Candide  Lector,  haec  Emblemata  ad  nostras  manus 


THE  JANSENISTS.  549 

esse  translate :  semper  enim  Musae  Musarum  patronum  quserunt  et 
inveniunt.  Hsec  igitur  (mirifice,  authoris  licet  incogniti,  studio 
delectatus)  sumptu  proprio  dedi  luci,  ut  lucifugi  Novatores,  non 
nostri  Batavi,  sed  Brabanti,  lucem  veritatis  defaecato  mentis  oculo 
contemplentur.  Vale,  et  sumptibus  nostris,  et  authoris  mihi  incogniti 
labore  ac  studio  fruere. 

Nicolaus  Costanus.     Arastelodamensis,  30  Julii  1683. 

The  plan  of  the  work  is  to  describe  emblematical  pictures,  eighteen 
in  number  \  each  of  them  is  preceded  by  a  motto,  title,  or  quotation 
from  St.  Augustine  or  Thomas  Aquinas,  and  a  Bible  quotation ;  then 
follows  a  description  only  of  the  pictorial  emblem  ;  next  comes  a  quo- 
tation from  Virgil,  Ovid,  or  Horace,  and  four  epigrammatic  lines, 
followed  by  a  set  of  about  twenty  hexameter  and  pentameter  verses, 
entitled  Allusio  ad  Emblema,  all  devoted  to  a  particular  religious  con- 
troversy and  the  refutation  of  certain  *  new  dogmas.'  Each  of  these 
groups  occupies  two  pages,  and  ends  with  a  chronogram  to  enforce 
the  teaching  and  give  the  date  of  the  book.  The  little  work  is 
curious,  but  has  less  attraction  for  the  modern  reader  than  for  him 
who  lived  in  the  exciting  controversy  two  hundred  years  ago.  It  may 
be  inferred  that  the  tract  is  a  reprint  of  another,  leaving  out  the  actual 
impressions  of  the  pictorial  emblems  alluded  to.  I  transcribe  the 
chronograms  only. 

1.  ChrIstIane,  InUtILes  JUnIorUM  noVItates  DeVIta.   =     1683 

2.  eXterMInabUntUr  noVItates  faLsaqUe  DoCtrInje.     =     1683 
si  aUgUstInUs   In   thoMa,  non   In  CorneLIo  JansenIo 
VIDeatUr.  =     1683 

3.  sanCtUs  thoMas  aqUInas  eX  aLIIs  seqUenDUs.  =     1683 

4.  DeCIpIUntUr  MULtI  JansenII  noVItatIbUs.  =     1683 

5.  VIa  antIqUorUM  tUta  CorneLII  JansenII  DUbIa.       =     1683 

6.  CaVeas,  si  VeLUt  roboaM  sUbDItos  reXerIs.  =     1683 

7.  eX  JansenIo  nIhIL.    DoCtrInIs  antIqUorUM  JUngas.=     1683 

8.  eX  JansenIsta  VeLUt  est  eX  CorDe  thoMIsta.  =     1683 

9.  antIqUa  eXorIentUr.     noVa  aC  faLsa  DeprIMentUr.  =     1683 

10.  sCIas  noVItates  LUtherUM  seDUXIsse.  =  1683 

11.  Ut  noVUs  MqrItUr,  serIUs  DoCtrInas  LUget.  =  1683 

12.  stUDIUM  noVItatIs  Labor  VaCUUs.  =  1683 

13.  eX  LIngUa  tUa  te  JUDICaMUs.  =  1683 

14.  septeM  pUnCta  a  no  Vis  DILatata  eXpIraVerUnt.        =  1683 

15.  qUotIesCUMqUe  pcenItUerIs  es  absoLVenDUs.  =  1683 

16.  CorDe  tenUs  pLUrIMI  seqUUntUr  noVItates.  =  1683 

17.  post  rIsUs  fLebItIs,  MonaChI  Vero  In  InterItU  Vestro 
rIDebUnt.  =  1683 

18.  In  VestIbUs  oVIUM  IntrInseC4:  rabIDI  LUpI.  =  1683 
It  is  evident  from  these  chronograms  that  the  tract  was  written 

against  the  Jansenists,  a  sect  which  appeared  in  the  Roman  Catholic 
Church  about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century.  They  were  the 
inveterate  opponents  of  the  Jesuits.  They  took  their  name  from 
Cornelius  Jansenius  or  Jansen,  bishop  of  Ypres,  in  the  Netherlands, 


55°  THE  JANSENISTS. 

who  published  a  book  entitled  '  Augustinus,'  certain  propositions  in 
which  (on  faith  and  doctrine)  were  decided  to  be  heretical,  and  were 
condemned  by  a  bull  of  Pope  Innocent  x.  in  the  year  1653  as 
impious  and  blasphemous.  A  great  controversy  arose  which  caused 
a  schism  in  the  Church.  The  sectarians  supported  their  teaching  by 
asserting  that  the  opinions  advanced  by  Jansen  were  equally  taught 
by  St  Augustine,  so  that  one  could  not  be  condemned  without  the 
other.  The  persecutions  which  ensued  made  many  fanatics,  but  the 
paroxysm  subsided  after  a  few  years ;  still  other  bulls,  rescripts,  and 
briefs  continued  to  be  issued  down  to  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  condemning  all  Jansenists  and  their  doctrines  as  heretical, 
and  although  the  sect  was  not  extinguished,  it  never  again  rose  to  any 
position  of  influence.  Much  of  their  teaching  proceeded  from  the 
monastic  school  of  Port  Royal  aux  Champs,  in  France. 

I  cannot  find  a  copy  of  this  tract  in  the  British  Museum  Library. 

The  chronograms  may  be  thus  translated — 

1.  O  Christian 1,  avoid  the  unprofitable  novelties  of  these  later  writers. 

2.  Novelties  and  false  doctrines  shall  be  exterminated.  Let  it  be  seen 
whether  Augustine  be  in  Thomas  Aquinas ',  and  not  in  Cornelius  Jansen. 

3.  Saint  Thomas  Aquinas  above  all  others  is  to  be  followed. 

4.  Many  who  are  Jansenists  are  deceived  by  novelties. 

5.  The  way  of  the  ancient  Fathers  is  safe,  that  of  Cornelius  Jansen  is 
dubious. 

6.  You  should  be  wary,  if  like  Rehoboam,  you  would  govern  your 
subjects. 

7.  There  is  nothing  to  be  got  out  of  Jansen.  You  should  adhere  to  the 
doctrines  of  the  ancients. 

8.  Of  Jansenism  it  comes  as  it  were,  that  you  are  away  from  the  heart 
of  Thomas  Aquinas. 

9.  Let  the  ancient  things  be  set  up,  and  let  the  new  and  false  ones  be  sup- 
pressed. 

10.  You  should  know  that  novelties  seduced  Luther. 

1 1.  When  the  new  dies  away,  the  serious  laments  for  the  teachings. 

12.  The  study  of  novelty  is  an  empty  employment. 

13.  We  judge  thee  by  thy  speech.  (Alluding  probably  to  Luke  xix.  22, 
1  Out  of  thine  own  mouth  I  will  judge  thee.'  Or  according  to  the 
Vulgate,  i  De  ore  tuo  te  judico.') 

14.  The  seven  points  set  forth  concerning  the  new  doctrine,  have  come  to 
an  end. 

15.  As  often  as  you  are  penitent  you  are  to  be  absolved. 

16.  In  the  heart  (or  heartily)  many  have  follotued  novelties. 

17.  After  laughing  you  shall  weep,  assuredly  the  monks  will  laugh  at 
thy  ruin. 

18.  In  the  clothing  oj  sheep  you  are  inwardly  ravening  wolves.  (See 
Matthew  vii.  15,  'Beware  of  false  prophets,  which  come  to  you  in 
sheep's  clothing,  but  inwardly  they  are  ravening  wolves.'  Or  accord- 
ing to  the  Vulgate, '  qui  veniunt  ad  vos  in  vestimentis  ovium,  intrin- 
secus  autem  sunt  lupi  rapaces.') 


r 


LE  MYSTkRE  DE  LA   CROIX.  551 

LE  MYSTfeRE   DE  LA  CROIX. 

BOOK  by  an  anonymous  author,  whose  name  is  still  unknown, 
bears  this  title,  *  Le  mystfere  de  la  Croix,  affligeante  et  con- 
solante,  mortificante  et  vivifiante,  humiliante  et  triomphante, 
de  J&us-Christ,  et  de  ses  membres.  Ecrit  au  milieu  de  la 
croix  au-dedans  et  au-dehors.  Par  un  Disciple  de  la  croix 
de  J&us.  Achev£  le  12  d'Aout,  1732.  On  y  a  adjoutd 
quelques  poesies  latines  sur  divers  sujets,  composes  aussi  dans  la  solitude 
de  Sonnenstein. 

Chara  CrVX,  MIhI  DVX.  =     1732 

*         *         *         * 
Ch^re  CroIX,  gVIDe  assVrA,  )  _ 

Menez  aV  port  azVr£  !'  J  "~     l?*2 

Such  is  the  title-page,  from  an  English  reprint  of  the  work  by 
Williams  and  Norgate,  i860.  The  editor  says  that  an  original  print  is 
rare,  and  the  copy  used  by  him  is  the  only  one  he  could  discover. 
The  introductory  letter  is  subscribed  with  the  initials  N.  N.,  and 
under  that '  name '  a  copy  is  entered  in  the  British  Museum  catalogue. 
The  editor  proceeds  to  remark  that  he  has  printed  from  the  second 
edition  of  'Le  Mystfere/  published  at  Lausanne  in  1786,  apparently 
under  the  superintendence  of  Philippe  Duthoit  de  Mambrini,  a  pastor 
of  the  Reformed  Church,  and  author  of '  La  Philosophic  Divine,'  in 
which,  vol  i.  p.  334,  he  eulogises  the  testimony  left  on  record  by  the 
anonymous  author.  The  book  has  also  been  quoted  in  a  remarkable 
publication,  'A  Suggestive  Enquiry  into  the  Hermetic  Mystery,'  1850, 
8°.  It  has  indeed  a  religious  purpose,  carried  out  and  elaborated  in 
a  fanciful  and  almost  mystical  manner.  The  anonymous  author,  in  a 
time  of  religious  persecution  in  France,  sought  refuge  in  Saxony,  but 
was  imprisoned  and  rigorously  treated  for  ten  months  in  the  castle  of 
Sonnenstein  on  the  Elbe,  where,  as  the  title-page  tells  us,  he  com- 
posed the  work  in  solitude. 

A  RENUNCIATION. 

CURIOUS  tract  in  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  W.  Begley, 
printed  at  Wittenberg,  1688,  40,  pp.  40,  is  the  Declaration  of 
a  Canon  of  the  Cathedral  of  Siccau,  named  Dippat,  on  his 
renouncing  the  Roman  Catholic  Church  and  adopting  the 
Lutheran,  together  with  his  public  revocation,  preachings, 
and  thank-sermons.  The  title  is — 
'In  tenebrIs  et  VMbrosIs  seDens  VerItate  [  _  ,QQ 
InVentA  LVCI  restItVItVr  :  /  ""     IM* 

Das  ist, 
Briindliche  Bekantnuss,  warum  Gabriel  Alexius  Dippat  .  .  .  aus  der 


55* 


A  RENUNCIATION. 


Romisch-Catholischen  Kirchen  zu  der  heiligen  Apostolisch-Catho- 
lischen  evangelischen  Lutherischen  kirch,  gleich  wie  ein  auderer  durch 
Lesung  der  Biicher  beruffener  Augustinus  getreten  ist,  und  Dieses 
durch  offentliche  Revocations  und  Danck-Predigt  dargestellet,  ab 

mVo,  qVo  IesVs  saLVator  MortIs  )  _ 

DestrVCtor  EXtIterat.'  j  "" 

A  very  long  sermon  in  German  is  the  substance  of  the  tract,  on 
the  text  i  John  iL  9.  It  is  followed  by  his  i  Revocation  and  immedi- 
ately after  is  this  epistle  in  chronogram  verse,  as  follows  : — 

Epistola    Chronographico-Elegiaca,    in    qua    patefacta    Romani 
Pontificis  astutia  et  fidei  Evangelicae  puritas  proponitur. 
profVgVs  e  tenebrIs  LVCI  se  sIstIt  aDaMVs. 

In  IesV  pergens  astra  beatVs  InIt. 
qVI  prIVs  eXIstebat  aDm  sat  trIstIs  IMago, 

pLorat,  Con  Vers  Vs  fortIter  esse  petIt. 
progenItVs  nobMo  papa  DILVVIa  perfert, 

ponItVr  In  CVras,  spes  sIbI  tota  fVgIt, 
VIVere  qVA  posset  :  papa  Dant  sCeLera  fIneM, 

QVfelS  VITA   iNFERNl   PRjEPARAT  IPSE"  VlAS. 

per  qVjE  DeCeptVs  fVerat  FERMk  Integer  orbIs, 

VOS  VESTRA,  O  PAPiE,  VERTlTE  qVjESO  teLa. 

ast  InVenta  fIDes  optata  est  arCa  nobMI, 

qVA  saLVas  qVIVIs  posset  InIre  VIas. 
antIstes  RoMiE  sVbIVgans  IsraeLItas 

DestrVItVr,  pcenIs  perpetVIs  CapItVr. 
VenIt  LVtherVs,  Moses  Is  VenIt,  et  aLter, 

ANTlQViE  LegIs  traDItor  Ipse  fVIt. 
hanC  tot  prophetjb,  tot  PRiECoNES  DoCVerVnt, 

hanC  ChrIstVs  IesVs  Vera  saLVs  DoCVIt. 
hanC  CVM  pontIfICes  aLIqVos  sCIt  faLsIfICasse, 

LVtherVs  IVsTfe  hos  ileresIs  argVerat. 
DoCtrInas  PAPiE  fVgIens,  Monstrare  reqVIrIt 

antIqVas  Leges,  has  prIor  eXhIbVIt 
iETAs:  qVA  fVerat  sCrIptVra  MagIstra  saLVtIs, 

atqVe  DeI  nobIs  IrrIta  IVra  ferens. 
atas  :  qVA  nVLLa  Vergebant  traDItIones, 

et  LeX  per  terraM  Vera  beata  fVIt. 
iETAS :  qVA  papa  fVerat  sVa  poMpa  reCLVsa, 

Vt  IesV  tant6  DIgnIor  esse  qVeat. 
qVIs  per  DIVItIas~tantas  non  spernet  IksVM, 

aVro  proCVrans  soLIa  fVsa  sIbI. 
hIs  In  rebVs  papa  sVPERBfe  ILLVDIs  IesV, 

ast  soLVet  reDDens  Infera  tVrba  tIbI. 
sVCCeDIs  petro  Certo  sVCCessor  ab  anno, 

qVo  paVpertaLI  (sic)  DVCtVs  honore  fVIt. 
Vt  VobIs  Verbo  fatear,  est  fabVLa  roMa, 

ASTVrfe  QViE  tot  DeCIpIt  arte  sVA. 


1688 


1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 


A  RENUNCIATION. 

t 

proponIt  CVLtV  VeneranDos  esse  beatos, 
Ipse  Deo,  qVo  se  qVIsqVe  foVere  Debet. 

attrIbVIt  MIssje,  qV6D  Vera  preCatIo  patrIs, 
IgneqVe  pVrgantI  nos  LIberare  qVeat. 

posse  DoCet  Missis  non  VIVos  SjEpe  IWarI, 

IGNAROS  PRlVANT  TALlTER  iERE  sVo. 

PRiETEREA  InstItVVnt  CIneres  sIVe  ossa  beorVM, 

qVos  aIVnt  Iras  posse  LenIre  DeI. 
ast  hI  perVersI  perVertVnt  MerIta  ChrIstI, 

atqVe  VoLVnt  proprIIs  regna  tenere  DeI. 
an  non  Vera  Debet  fIDeI  DoCtrIna  perIre, 

si  VanIs  VIrIbVs  astra  tenere  VoLVnt. 
qV«  DoCtrIna  tVa  est,  DVbIos  Vt  tot  retIneres, 

iETERNA  eXpERTES  ESSE  SALVTE   DEBENT. 

hos  papa  eXsoLVes  strIngenDVs  In  Igne  perennI, 

CVM  trIbVet  p<enas  Ipsa  gehenna  tIbI. 
et  MonaChI  CVnCtI,  qVI  tanto  In  sCeLere  VIWnt, 

pontIfICes  CIngent,  fVnera  prjEst6  Canent. 
Dona  petVnt  taLes,  satIant  se  paVperIs  arte, 

et  Carnes  VIDViE  DIrIpIVntVr  IbI, 
sCIre  VbI  DesIDeras?  In  CLaVstrIs  sCeLera  tanta 

eXtant  et  taLIs  papICa  CVra  fVIt: 
eDe,  bIbas,  LVDas,  CLaVstrIs  est  Chara  VoLVptas, 

o  qVot  papatVs  ConCaVa  CarnIs  habet. 
De  reLIqVIs  taCeo  !  qVIa  restant  teMpora  tanta, 

QVfclS  QVIS  PAPIST*  VItIa  ferre  qVeat. 
ast  pIVs  -omC  Cernens  LVtherVs  faLsa  DoCerI, 

PRONfe  Vera  CVpIt,  pVra  DoCere  VoLens, 
sVrgIt,  proponIt  sCrIptVr*  DogMata  proba, 

taLIter  InIVngens  Vetera  IVra  fVIt. 
HiEC  CHARfe  sat,  qVm  petrVs  paVLVsqVe  DoCebant, 

PRjEDICaT,   ET  PAPiE  VICTA   CATENA   FVIt. 

hVIVs  erat  VIrI  Donator  pastor  IesVs 
saXonIaM  tenebrIs  sIC  LIberare  petens, 

saXon^qVe  DVCes  Ita  prIMos  InserIt  astrIs, 
Vt  retr6  possInt  soLe  beante  frVL 

VT  PARlTER  FOVEAT  PRiESENTlA  teMpora  nostro 

pVra  reponIt  LVX  Dona  saCrata  sVa. 
In  DVCe  SAXoNliE  prasentI  LVMIna  ponens, 

Iste  pIIs  VerbIs  personat  orbe  sVo. 
Det  DeVs  Vt  VIVat  regnans,  h^C  Verba  reserVans, 

aD  pLVres  annos  IrrIta  regna  tenens. 
esto  DVCIs  tantI  MIsero  sVa  gratIa  PRiESENS, 

IesVs  qVI  eLoqVIo  propIor  esse  qVeat. 
Is  se  ConVertIt  tenebras  pap^  fVgIenDo, 

et  VerbI  pVrI  LVMIna  IVsta  petIt. 

4A 


}- 
}- 
}- 
}- 
}- 
}= 


553 

1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 
1688 


SOME  OTHER  BOOKS   CONTAINING 
CHRONOGRAMS. 


HE  group  which  follows  consists  of  notices  of  smaller 
works,  tracts,  and  pamphlets,  containing  chronograms 
on  devotional,  biographical,  historical,  and  generally 
curious  subjects,  which  are  too  limited  in  extent  to 
form  separate  chapters.      Although  they  are  closely 

associated  in  these  pages,  they  have  no  mutual  connection ;  on  the 

contrary,  they  are  detached  and  miscellaneous. 


ASTR&A  JUDEX. 

A  book  in  my  possession,  pp.  430,  8#,  bears  this  title,  <  Astraea 
Judex  asseclarum  mundi  ad  coelestes  Agni  nuptias  admitti 
postulantium  causas  examinans  et  refellens;  sive,  De  coelo  conse- 
quendo  familiare  colloquium,  carmine  elegiaco  in  tres  libros  cum 
figuris  seneis  partitum ;  cui  succedit  mantissse  loco,  Vertumnus 
Vanitatis;  Authore  P.  Martino  k  S.  Brunone  h  Clericis  Regul. 
Scholarum  piarum.  Cum  facultate  ordinarii  Brunae,  1697/ 
There  is  a  copy  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  11405.  a.).  The 
contents  are  very  curious,  and  consist  of  Latin  poetry  of  a  moral  and 
religious  tendency,  in  the  classical  style.  The  only  chronograms 
occur  in  the  introduction.  The  first  two  lines  give  the  date  of  the 
boQk,  the  next  two  lines  are  a  chronogram  and  a  cabala  of  the  same 
date  combined,  the  third  two  lines  are  a  chronogram  only.  The 
facsimile  on  the  opposite  page,  taken  from  the  original,  represents 
them,  together  with  the  key  to  the  cabala,  as  they  appear  in  the  book ; 
and  I  give  them  also  in  modern  print  as  follows — 


I  =    1697 

a      1697 
=      1697 


ASTR&A  judex.  sss 

In  illud  P.  Ovidii  Nasonis  Metamorphoseon  1. 
.  .  .  Terras  Astraea  reliquit : 
~  Carmen  ChronographicoCabalisticum 
optIMa  QVbD  praVas  astrjEA  reLIqVerIt  oras; 

VnVs  In  aVgVrIIs,  naso,  refeLLo  tVIs. 
ASTRiEA  InIVsto  tIbI  non  Vaga  fVgIt  ab  orbe: 
278  498        120     130     209      322      3     137 

IVnXIt  opIMa  pIIs  se  Dea-VIrgo  sChoLIs. 
658         150       168    95    10       346     _    270 
enthea  si  VatIs  reparaVIt  penna,  qVoD  mtas 
jENEA  DestrVXIt;  pLaVDIte  VersIfICo! 
The  key  to  the  cabala  is  given  in  the  facsimile,  and  at  other 
places  in  the  present  volume  (see  Index,  'Cabala.')    The  resulting 
figures  make  the  date  1697  independently  of  the  chronogram  letters. 

la  illud  P4  Ovidij  Nafonis  Mctamorphofcon  r. 
•  -      terras  Aftratrtliquti: 

Carmen  Chrooographico-Cabalifticum 
optIMa  qV6D  praYas  ASTELMA  reLIqVerIt  oras  ; 

VaVs  la  AVgXrlls  Najo,  refeLLo  tVIs. 
ASJKjEA  IoIVfto  tlbl  aoa  Vaga  fVglc  ab  orbe: 

*7*  49*  tio»  Jio  409.       %%u         |.       I*?* 

IVnXIt  opIMa  rife  fe  Dea-VIrgo  sdoLls. 

6fS*  «f©»        i*8«  9f-       to*        346*  21O4 

Enthea  si  Vacls  reparaVIt  Penna,  qVoD  Mm 
j&u*  DeftrVXIt  ;  pLaVDIte  VavJ/lCo  ! 
Vmr  Ltwaxufn. 

1.  u    r*  +    1*  &  7*  !♦  •» la  **  *©*  40.  fo*  do.  70  *af&io&toa!oa40o.fO#* 

ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPCtRSTUXYZ. 


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I       9«  o     |o»  a      J.  «  £oo» 

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556  DACHERODEN. 

A  very  curious  and  rare  little  book  in  my  possession,1  consisting 
jf\  of  160  pages,  12°,  written  in  1619,  and  printed  at  Erfurt  in 
1621,  has  for  its  subject  the  changes  or  permutations  made  by  the 
author  on  the  words  of  a  single  hexameter  line  (a  chronogram)  of 
eight  words,  by  a  regular  succession  of  transpositions.  The  title-page 
tells  us  that  they  here  amount  to  3559.  By  calculating  the  contents  of 
all  the  pages  (15  to  148)  occupied  by  the  subject  the  number  comes 
out  as  3534,  sufficiently  near  to  verify  the  author's  quantity.  The 
author,  Jaspar  k  Dacheroden,  is  mentioned  in  Zedler's  Universal 
Lexicon  as *  Caspar  Dacheroden, — a  good  man  and  a  good  poet*  The 
title-page  is — 

Ingenii,  luctus  tempore,  Ludus  erat 

Distichon 

Chronohexametri, 

Numerum  continens : 

In  quinquaginta  atque  novem,  Ter  milleque  formas 

Quingentas,  Lector,  versus  hie  Hexameter : 

Jasparis  k  Dacheroden 

in  Thal-Ebra,  .  .  .  compos,  et  absol. 

die  xbris  xviii.  Anno  epochae  christians  mdcxix. 

excus.  verb  mdcxxi. 

Erfurti,  Typis  Phiiippi  Wittelii. 

Passing  over  the  introductory  verses  and  an  elaborate  dedication 
to  certain  ecclesiastical  dignitaries  and  learned  scholars,  we  reach  at 
p.  9  an  hexameter  chronogram  written  by  Georgius  Gramanus,  and 
transposed  19  times,  in  honour  of  the  admired  author  Dacherode;  it 
is  mentioned  that  the  line  may  be  *  transfigured '  in  the  same  manner 
a  vast  number  of  times ;  the  first  four  lines  will  suffice  for  an  example — 
ne  CoDrVs  tentet,  rogo  graMan,  Vertere  Vers  Vs.  =     1620 

NE  TENTET  CoDrVs  GRAMAN   ROGO  VERTERE  VERSVs.  =       1620 

NE  VERSVS  TENTET,   GRAMAN   ROGO,  VERTERE  CoDrVs.  =       1620 

NE  TENTET  VERSVs,  ROGO  GRAMAN,   VERTERE  CoDrVs.  =       1620 

At  page  15  the  principal  work  begins  with  this  title — 

aDIVtorIVM  et  spes  bona,  nobIs  sIt  ChrIstVs.  =     1620 

Symbolum  genii. 

qVoD,  Mens  sIt  IVsto,  rogo  Iaspar,  psaLLere  IesV.  =     16 19 

Quod,  sit  mens  justo  rogo  Jaspar  psallere  Jesu. 
Quod,  mens  sit  justo  Jaspar  rogo  psallere  Jesu. 
Quod,  sit  mens  justo  Jaspar  rogo  psallere  Jesu. 
Quod,  mens  sit  Jaspar  rogo  justo  psallere  Jesu. 
Quod,  sit  mens  Jaspar  rogo  justo  psallere  Jesu. 

And  so  on  for  the  whole  3559  lines,  which  the  author  says  he 
has  composed  with  the  same  eight  words. 

1  I  do  not  know  of  any  other  copy ;  there  is  none  in  the  British  Museum. 


j 
LONG  WORDS.  557  I 


At  page  149  this  chronogram  occurs — 

LaVs  trIno  atqVe  VnI  gLorIa  fIrMa  Deo.  =     16 19 

And  afterwards  the  original  line,  Quod  mens  sit,  etc.,  is  set  to  music 
in  a  four-part  song  quaintly  printed.  The  curious  little  book  finishes 
with  the  colophon,  thus, — Cum  licentia  superiorum.  Impensis  Joannis 
Birckneri,  Bibliopolae  Erffurdensis,  excudebat  Phillipus  Wittelius,  anno 
CI3.IC.XXI.  Mense  Martio. 


LONG  WORDS. 

A  tract  written  and  published  in  1630,  in  praise  of  the  city  of 
Dantzig,  then  in  the  kingdom  of  Poland,  is  dated  by  a  chrono- 
gram composed  of  words  of  great  length  but  of  little  sense ;  they  may, 
however,  be  interpreted,  if  not  exactly  translated,  as  having  direct 
allusion  to  distress  and  anxiety  consequent  on  war  affecting  the  in- 
habitants of  that  city.  The  chronograms  are  similar  in  composition  to 
a  couplet  intended  to  be  read  as  hexameter  and  pentameter  verse 
which  many  a  schoolboy  in  times  past  was  familiar  with,  as  mere 
'  nonsense '  verse ;  but  that  couplet  never  was  a  chronogram,  and  it 
cannot  be  treated  as  one  until  the  year  2040,  when  some  event  or 
other  may  happen  to  the  people  of  Constantinople,  who  may  then 
exclaim,  i  There,  now,  is  the  date  of  it !'  Until  that  epoch  shall  arrive 
it  will  suffice  to  print  it  in  plain  letters— 

Conturbabantur  Constantinopolitani 

Innumerabilibus  sollicitudinibus.  - 

Now  let  us  return  to  the  tract  mentioned  at  the  commencement  of 
these  remarks.  It  may  be  seen  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark 
1 1408.  a.a.a.),  small  40,  pp.  100.  The  title  is  '  GEDANUM  S1VE 
DANTISCUMuxbs  illustris  et  regia,  urbs  illustriss.  ampliss.  florentiss. 
Annulus,  gemma,  decus  Sarmatiae;  Ocellus,  deliciae,  Paradisus 
Borussiae,  mercimanniorum  mercantorumque  nobile  emporium,  Vari- 
arum  gentium  theatrum,'  etc.  eta,  k  Vencesilao  Clementis  Boh.  Exule. 
Anno,  quo  saepe  precatus  est 
ne  ContrIstentVr  DantIsCanopoLItanI  )  _      A 

beLLa  parabILIbVs  soLLICItVDInIbVs.  /  ""     It>3° 

The  poem  in  praise  of  Dantzig  occupies  92  pages.  It  is  followed 
by  some  epigrams  about  Dantzig,  and  verses  addressed  to  the  author, 
who  is  there  called  '  Exul.  pro  Christi  nomine.'  At  page  96  there  are 
two  varieties  of  the  chronogram — 

ne  ContVrbantor  DantIsCanopoLItanI  )  _       , 

ContrIstabILIbVs  soLLICItVDInIbVs.  J  "~     x°3° 

Vel 


ne  ConstrIngantor  DantIsCanopoLItanI 
ContVrbabILIbVs  soLLICItVDInIbVs. 


i  =     1630 


558 


LONG   WORDS. 


Anagram  on  the  author's  name. 
Magister  VVenceslaus  Clemens, 
En  sis  magnus,  et  crucem  alleves. 

ie.  Master  Weneeslaus  Clement,  Lo  !  may  est  thou  be  great  and  set  up  a 
cross. — We  learn  from  these  extracts  that  he  was  a  refugee  from  the 
religious  persecutions  in  Bohemia. 

In  imitation  of  the  foregoing  tract,  the  same  writer  in  X636  produced 
another  in  praise  of  the  city  of  London,  in  the  form  of  a  poem 
bearing  a  name  adopted  from  that  of  the  ancient  inhabitants  of  the 
country  north-eastward  from  London,  the  Trinobantes.  It  may  be 
seen  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  837.  g.  29).  40.  The  title  in 
full  is  as  follows, '  Venceslai  Clementis  a  Lybeo-Monte  TRINOBAN- 
TIADOS  AUGUSTAS  sive  Londini  Libri  vi.  quibus  urbis  nobilis- 
simae,  Antiquitas,  Ortus,  Progressus,  Gloriae,  Famaeque  incrementa, 
Tanquam  Sciographia,  luculenter  exprimuntur. 

ne  CoLLVCentVr  trInobantIaDopoLItanI.  >  _ 

IntestabILIbVs  soLLICItVDInIbVs.'  J  "~ 

There  is  no  other  date  on  the  title-page.  The  verses  in  praise  of 
London  occupy  904  pages.  The  work  is  dedicated  to  Charles  1.  of 
England.  I  cannot  find  any  direct  explanation  of  the  place  '  Lybeo- 
Monte  '  which  the  author  adds  to  his  name.  It  is  the  Latin  form  of  a 
town,  probably  in  Bohemia.  I  find  this  in  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon, 
vol.  xvii.  p.  809,  '  Libus,  oder  Lybus,  Libuch,  Libetz,  Libitz,  Libiz. 
Latin  Libussa,  ein  schloss  in  Bohmen.' 

The  same  author  also  wrote  a  poetical  work  without  any  chrono- 
grams, about  the  Order  of  the  Garter,  entitled  '  Garteriados/  under  the 
same  designation,  'a  Lybeo-Monte.1  The  subject  comes  into  the 
book  next  to  be  noticed. 


1636 


THE   ORDER   OF  THE  GARTER. 

A  small  thin  book  (British  Museum,  press-mark  12430.  a.  12)  120 
— a  pencil  note;  'fine  copy;  scarce;  j£if  ns.  6d.'  The  title 
is,  *RATIONIS  ET  ADPETITUS  PUGNA.  Hoc  est,  De 
amore  Edoardi  in.  regis  Angliae  et  Elipsiae,  comitissae  Salisbericensis 
historia,  quam  ex  Famae  fanum  adjecit 

iEschacius  Major. 

HALIS  SAXONliB  aD  saLaM  = 

eDebat  IoaChIMVs  krVsere,  = 

presserat 

ChaLCographo  CeLe 

ChrIstophorVs  bIsMarCVs.' 

The    dedication  is    dated — Kalendis    Quinctilibus   cid.id.cxii. 

ue.  (ist  July   1612).     The  book   contains  no  other  chronogram. 


>= 


1612 
1612 

1612 


r 


ON  DICE  AND  GAMING, 

The  printer,  Christopher  Bismark,  is  the  subject  of  some  inquiry  in 
Notes  and  Queries,  12th  August  1882,  p.  128,  and  9th  September 
1882,  p.  216.  The  place  of  publication  (observe  the  first  line  of  the 
chronogram)  is  Halle,  on  the  river  Saale,  in  Saxony.  In  noticing  this 
little  book,  it  is  needful  to  refer  only  to  the  romantic  story  of  the 
scene  at  a  ball  between  King  Edward  in.  of  England  and  the 
Countess  of  Salisbury,  and  to  the  more  authentic  history  of  the  events 
which  led  to  the  institution  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter  in  1349  by 
that  king.  The  authorship  of  the  work  is  alluded  to  at  the  con- 
clusion of  the  preceding  notice. 


559 


ON  DICE  AND  GAMING. 

A  tract,  in  Latin,  of  50  pages,  printed  at  Erfurt,  on  the  subject  of 
J-\^  gambling-games  and  dice,  condemning  them  as  the  invention 
of  the  devil — *a  Diabolo  inventa* — and  the  parents  of  crime,  fraud, 
and  an  infinity  of  eviL  The  moral  is  especially  pointed  at  the  game 
called  ('vulgo  dicitur')  '  Pennalismus,'  at  the  time  prevalent  in  many 
of  the  German  Universities.  The  only  date  is  the  chronogram  on 
the  title-page,  which  is  as  follows — 

'Fortunante  Sortis  Moderatore  Deo. 

ALEA 

Theoretico-practica 

A  Dn.  Joanne  Weinreichen,  Isennaco-Thuringo,  ju.  c.  instituta  et 

exhibita,  In  qua  Ingenii  sui  vires  periclitabitur  Christianus  Schlichter 

Blanckenhainensis, 

Die  .  .  Decembris  Anno 
stVDIosI  ab  aLea  et  LVDIs  IVre  prohIbItIs  abesse  Debent.  = 

Erfurti.     Typis  Wittelii 
i>.  Students  ought  to  be  absent  from  dice  and  games  forbidden  by  law. 
The  dedication  on  the  back  of  the  title-page  is  thus,  in  large  print — 


1622 


S6o  ON  JUBILATIONS. 

A  NOTHER  tract  in  Latin,  of  16  pages,  an  academical  Thesis  or 
a/\  dissertation  at  Landau,  on  the  subject  of  Jubilations,  is  dated 
by  a  chronogram  on  the  tide-page,  which  commences  thus,  'Dis- 
putatio  de  Jubilatu,'  eta,  by  '  Hugo  Cusonius,  Landaviensis.' 

Anno,  IVbILate  IVVenes  LjEtI  In  DoMIno.  =     162 1 

i.e.  Rejoice  in  the  Lord,  ye  joyful  youths. 

This  js  an  amusing  tract  The  author  laments  that  although 
books  abound  on  matters  of  grammar  andjogic,  yet  nothing  has  been 
written  about  rejoicings,  '  de  jubilo/ — *  6  tempora  6  mores  ! '  He 
alludes  to  joyful  sounds  uttered  in  song  "by  the  Heavenly  Host,  Ring 
David,  and  others ;  and  so  downwards  to  ordinary  men  and  women, 
giving  amusing  definitions  of  the  various  sounds  made  by  them  when 
laughing  or  using  joyous  expressions,  such  as  'balbitans,'  'blaesans,' 
'oncans,' — bleating,  .lisping,  braying,  with  their  variations  when 
indulged  in  by  stammering,  young,  old,  or  toothless  persons.  He 
represents  in  a  long  sentence  of  syllables  the  exclamations  used  by 
students  and  courtiers  (i.e.  in  Germany),  and  he  describes  the  noises 
which  they  make  in  the  streets  by  striking  their  swords  on  the  ground 
with  great  clamour  on  their  way  home  at  night,  so  that  they  may  be 
recognised  by  each  other,  and  fall  into  quarrels,  or  trip  up  the  watch- 
man and  others  by  ropes  stretched  across  the  streets.  Having 
arrived  at  this  low  depth  of  jubilation,  one  naturally  expects  to  find  a 
moral ;  the  author  does  not,  however,  reach  that  point,  he  only  says, 
in  the  space  of  three  or  four  lines,  that  all  he  has  described  ought  to 
be  seen  to.  Indeed,  the  only  moral  precept  is  the  chronogram  on  the" 
title-page. 

MARIA  VIRGO  SOUS. 

A  book  of  'Emblems'  in  the  British  Museum  (press-mark  11409. 
g.  11),  40,  pp.  140.    The  title-page  is  as  follows : — 

V 

I 

MARIA 
G 

Mystica  sub  S  O  L  I S  imagine 
Emblematic^  expressa. — etc. 
(by) — P.  F.  Joanne  de  Leenheer,  ordinis  Eremitarum  Sancti  Patris 
Augustini  religiose — Brussels,  1681. 

There  is  a  nicely  engraved  frontispiece,  having  at  the  bottom  the 
Virgin  surrounded  by  cherubs  in  the  air,  holding  shields,  on  which 
acrostic  lines  are  engraved,  commencing  with  the  letters  of  the  name 


MARIA   VIRGO  SOLIS—A.  B.  C.  POEMS.  561 

maria.    There  are  throughout  the  book  numerous  emblems,  accom- 
panied by  texts  in  Latin  and  Dutch. 

The  *  Epistola  dedicatoria,'  to  De  Villegas,  Baron  de  Hovorst,    . 
contains    a   quintuple    acrostic    on    his    name,    devillegas,    and 
concludes  with  this  chronogram — 

DEI  GENlTRlX,  VNlCA  iBGROTANTlVM  saLVs.  =      1680 

This  is  followed  by  epigram  verses  addressed  to  the  author  and 
to  his  book,  headed  thus,  'Reverendo  in  Christo  patri  F.  Joanni 
De  Leenheer,  Gymnasii  Literarii  Magni  Patris  Augustini  Bruxellis 
Prdcfccto 

eX  Voto  VIrgInI  LIbrVM  DICantI.  =1681 

Ita  accinebat  amico,  ac  suo  quondam  Magistro  F.  Philippus  Tax, 
Augustin.  Philosophise  professor.' 

Then  follow  the  epigrams  and  the  rest  of  the  book. 

A.  B.  C.  POEMS. 

A  scarce  book,  published  at  Ghent,  without  date  on  the  title-page. 
£\^  i  Den  nieuwen  Spiegel  der  jongheyd,  of  te  Gulden  A,  B,  C,  Voor 
de  Leerzuchtige  Jongheyd.  Dienende  tot  stichtige  Onderwyzinge,  en 
om  in  de  kleyne  Katholyke  Scholen  gebruykt  te  worden.  In  Rym 
vertoont  door  den  Eerwierden  Heer  Ferdinandus  Loys,'  etc.  etc.  40. 
pp.  124.  On  pages  4  and  5  there  are  some  verses  complimentary 
to  the  author,  and  descriptive  of  the  contents,  preceded  by  this 
chronogram — 

U  zY  toeWensChInoe  UYt  zUYVere  en  Waere  affeCtIe, 
Van  Den  rYM-konstIgen  aUteUr.  =     1766 

The  work  consists  of  poems  or  verses  in  the  Flemish  language  on 
subjects  mostly  of  religious  or  moral  instruction,  arranged  alphabetic- 
ally, and  printed  in  various  kinds  of  type,  and  having  consequently  a 
singular  aspect.  The  above  chronogram  is  probably  the  date  of  the 
original  authorship  of  the  work.  On  the  colophon  there  is  the  official 
approbation  of  the  work,  dated  9th  April  1772,  and  another  approba- 
tion of  the  present  reprint  of  the  same,  subscribed  thus — 

Reprimi  potest 

Datum  Gandavi  hac  30.  Octobris  18 10. 

^  Maurit.  Epiis  Gand. 


THEATRVM  STULTORUM. 

A  book  entitled  *  THE  A  TR  VM  STULTOR  UM  joco-serium,  sive 
x\^  Mundus  fatuus  emblematic^  expressus  per  R.  P.  Joannem  de 
Leenheer,   Augustinianum   Bruxellensem.>    Brussels,   1669.    (British 

4B 


562      TIfEATRUM  STULTORUM— DANIEL  SCHWENTER. 

Museum,  press-mark  11409.  e. — 2.)  The  contents  are  principally 
maxims  on  the  subject  of  Folly,  followed  by  verses  in  the  Latin  and 
Flemish  languages,  commencing  with  an  address,  'Ad  Libellum, 
Lectoremque  Benevolum/  which,  at  page  12,  concludes  thus,  giving 
the  date  of  the  book — 

VenIte  \ 

rIDete  HjeC  Ipsa  VIDenDo  >=     1669 

aVt  fLete.  j 

At  page  27  some  verses  addressed  to  the  author  are  subscribed 
thus — 

DICat  MagIstro,  phILIppVs  taX.  =     1669 

Poeta  Brux. 

At  page  66   some  verses  are  headed,  '  Stultitia  condonatorum 
Pharisaicorum,  Ministrorum  videlicet  in  Hollandia 
minister  (Anagramma)  mentiris.' 

At  page  151  the  concluding  set  of  verses  bears  this  title,  Sluyt- 
Ryden,  and  they  are  followed  by  these  chronograms — 

fInIs  operIs.  )  _     T£fin 

theatrVM  CLaVDItVr.  J  ~     IO°9 


DetVr  Deo,  DeIpaile,  )  =     ^ 

aC  b.  patrI  aVgVstIno  gLorIa.  J  v 


DANIEL  SCHWENTER. 

A  very  thick  40  volume,  all  in  German,  full  of  curious  matters  in 
£\  natural  and  experimental  philosophy,  and  illustrated  by  many 
rough  woodcuts  of  machines  and  apparatus;  but  it  is  very  badly 
printed  The  title  is,  'DELICTI  PHYSICO  MATHEMATICAL 
By  Daniel  Schwenter.  3  volumes  bound  in  one.  Nuremberg,  1651. 
(British  Museum,  press-mark  716.  f.  3.  Another  copy,  529.  d.  3. — 41) 
It  is  understood  that  this  author's  name  is  a  pseudonym  for  Janus 
Hercules  de  Sunde.  It  is  not  explained  why  it  was  adopted  by  him. 
The  present  work  is  a  collection  of  his  papers  published  by  his 
family  after  his  death. 

At  page  70  of  one  of  the  divisions  of  the  work,  are  these  chrono- 
grams of  the  years  1652  and  1653.  They  seem  not  to  have  any 
particular  application,  at  least  none  is  assigned  to  them — 

(  PATET 

1.  Magno  Deo  sanCto  gLorIa  In  orbe  <  nItet'  =     1653 

2.  teMpora  DoCta  Latent  et  gratIa  In  arte<    •  "  =     1653 

3.  TEMPORA   DoCTA   PATENT,   iETERNAT  GLorIa  In  ARTE.  =       1 65  2 


FREDERICK-AUGUSTUS  OF  POLAND. 

{NOTAT 
rapIt* 

AT  ) 

5.  Mars  CaDat  et  Leges  erIgjt  >  astrIpotens. 

6.  MaCte  Deo  soboLes  In  pIetate  rata. 

Also 
Man  DanCket  gott. 
Lobt  i 
LIebt 


Ihn  In  noht. 


1= 


5^3 

i<>53 

1653 
1652 

1653 


FREDERICK-AUGUSTUS  OF  POLAND. 

TWO  very  thick  folio  volumes  (British  Museum,  press-mark  836. 
m.  8.  9.),  entituled,  lSWADA  POLSKA  .  .  .  albo  mis- 
cellanea,' relating  to  the  history  of  Poland.  They  consist  of  several 
sections  in  the  Latin  and  Polish  languages,  each  with  a  separate  pagi- 
nation, a  promising  ground  in  which  to  hunt  for  chronograms; 
it  contains  a  great  many  inscriptions  and  epitaphs  of  kings  and  other 
persons,  but  otherwise  disappointing.  The  only  chronogram  I  could 
find  is  at  the  conclusion  of  a  panegyric  on  Frederick- Augustus  L,  son 
of  John-George,  Elector  of  Saxony,  King  of  Poland,  by  Andrew 
Stanislas  Buchowski,  Professor  at  the  University  of  Cracow,  15th 
September  1697. 

Vive  diu  regnumque  bea  melioribus  annis. 
tVMqVe  throno  feLIX  sis  reX  aVgVste  seCVnDe.  = 
i.e.  Live  long  and  bless  the  kingdom  with  happier  times,  and  then  for- 
tunately mayest  thou  be  happy  on  the  throne,  O  king.  He  was  not 
more  fortunate  than  some  of  his  predecessors :  troublesome  times 
followed ;  he  undertook  wars  to  recover  for  Poland  its  lost  territory, 
and  indulged  in  dreams  of  conquest  and  the  establishment  of  a  great 
empire.  The  history  of  that  unhappy  country  tells  of  disappointment 
and  disaster  instead.  He  was  elected  king  of  Poland  in  1697,  deprived 
of  his  crown  in  1704.  His  successor,  Stanislas  1.,  was  not  more  pros- 
perous. He  was  forced  to  retire  in  1709,  when  Frederick  Augustus 
was  again  elected,  who  was  succeeded  in  1733  by  his  son,  Frederick 
Augustus  11. 


1697 


FUNERAL  ELEGIES. 

A  volume  of   tracts    marked,   'Orationes  funebres  et  epicedia 
illustria'   (British  Museum,  press-mark   X230X.   dd.   6.),  40. 
Tract  2  contains  an  elegy  on  Doctor  Jacobus  Godefridus,  a  clergyman 
at  Brunswick,  who  died  12  Calends  of  April  1587,  concluding  thus — 
prjeCo  fIDeLIs  obIt  ChrIstI  heI  gottfrIDVs,  Vt  aLtVs  )  _ 
LanIgerI  peCorIs  CynthIVs  astra  qVatIt.  j 


1587 


564  FUNERAL  ELEGIES. 

Tract  3,  printed  at  Tubingen  in  1584,  is  a  funeral  oration  on 
Caspar  Wildius,  a  man  of  renown  in  Wurtemberg,  eta,  by  Georgius 
Lieblerus.  The  last  page,  21,  concludes  with  this  distich,  containing 
the  place,  year,  month,  and  day  of  his  death — 

seXta  DIes  febrVI  fVLgebat  In  aXe  CorVsCo,         1  tf« 

In  tVbIa  eXtInCtVs  VVILDIVs  Vrb£  IaCet.  J  ~"     I5*4 

And  this  acrostic  epitaph  on  him — 
Hac     jacet     exiMius  conteCtus        Wildius  Vrna 

Inclyt A      quem       vitAe        fama       sVperstes  habeL 

Consiliis  maGnis  ducibuS       qui       profult  almis 

In  primls  Patri        dux       Ludoice,  tuo. 

Aspexit  miSeros  mAnsueto  corDe  benignus, 

Canden Ti  cunctis  pectoRe  *    Iustus  erat 

Ex     totoque     DEum  colUit  conamine,  cVjus 

Tandem,  sed  meRitb,  Sydera  Summacolit. 

The  capital  letters  read  thus — 
Hie  Jacet  Magister  Casparus  Wildius. 

Tract  6.  Elegies  on  the  death  of  Lewis  Count  Palatine  and 
Duke  of  Bavaria,  printed  at  Heidelberg,  1583.  These  chronograms 
occur,  made  by  Joannes  Lundorpius — 
Iste  pater  patrLe  prInCeps  obIIt  LVDoVICVs, 

CVI  CorDI  InteorItas  reLLIgIonIs  erat. 
Iste  paLatIna  LoDoVICVs  gLorIa  gentIs 

oCCVbat,  oCtobrIs  qVarta  ter  ItqVe  DIes. 
In  CIneres  patrIje  pater,  heV,  heV,  trIstIa  jata, 

bIs  seXta  oCtobrIs  LVCe  CaDente  CaDIt. 
LVDoVICVs  prInCeps  paLatInVs  eLeCtor  DefVnCtVs  est.  = 

Another  tract  contains  these  couplets  on  his  death — 
Intereant  CasV  bona  VeL  MaLa  CVnCta  repent^ 
et  Ver£  Constans  nIL  VagVs  orbIs  habet. 

en  paLatInVs  erat  qVI  DVX  LVDoVICVs  In  aVLa 
.  nVnC  VIVIt  ChrIsto,  perfrVItVrqVe  poLo. 

Tract  No.  7,  an  elegy  on  Prince  Fridericus  Mauritius  of  Anhalt, 
gives  two  chronograms  of  the  date  of  the  tract,  one  at  the  foot  of 
the  title-page,  the  other  on  the  colophon.  Printed  at  Soteropolis, 
Anno— 

sors  prInCIpIs  In  ManV  pr^potentIs  DeI  est.  =     161 1 

sors  hoDIe  MIhI;  Cras  VenIet  tIbI.  =     161 1 

I  ract  No.  15,  of  elegies  on  a  renowned  official  person  of  Ratisbon, 
contains  this  date  of  his  death — 
eheV  IaM  nobIs  Letho  sVrreptVs  aCerbo 


- 

1583 

}- 

1583 

}- 

iS»3 

T.  = 

IS«3 

}- 

1S83 

\- 

1583 

DefknsorqVe  potens  kXIIt  orbe  pater  ! 


\  =    1684 


FUNERAL  ELEGIES— BOHEMIAN  ARTISTS.  565 

A  tract,  No.  9,  in  a  volume,  British  Museum,  press-mark  12301. 
dd.  7,  an  oration,  etc.,  at  the  funeral  of  Johannes  Rodolphus  Weste- 
nius,  followed  by  *  Epicedia,'  where  the  following  appears  at  page 
80— 

Lectissimo  conjugum  pari. 
eX  Voto  Vos  Vna  DIes  ConIVnXIt  aMantes  =     1643 

LVXIt  et  eXtInCtos  hebDoMas  Vna  sIbI  =     1684 

Scilicet  unanimes  qui  tot  vixistis  in  annos 
Vultis  et  seterni  pace,  simulque  frui. 
The  first  line  gives  the  year  of  their  marriage  on  the  same  day,  the 
second  that  of  their  death  in  the  same  week. 

This  tract  is  one  in  a  series  of  eight  volumes,  the  above  is  in 
volume  vii.  Elsewhere  I  have  noticed  vol.  vi.  All  the  other  volumes 
are  devoid  of  chronograms. 

BOHEMIAN  ARTISTS. 

T"|*  XTRACTS  from  a  dictionary  of  Bohemian  artists,  *  Allegemeines 
j\f  historisches  Kunstler-Lexicon  fur  Bohmen,  etc.'  By  G.  J. 
Dlabacz.  Prag,  1815.  3  parts.  40.  (British  Museum,  press-mark 
2033.  g.)  The  following  chronograms  are  gathered  from  the  closely 
printed  pages,  where  they  are  likely  to  be  overlooked  unless  the  search 
for  them  is  carefully  made. 

Anton  Birkhart,  sculptor,  1 677-1 748.  On  a  portrait  by  him 
of  St  Paul—  9 

paVLo  Magno  apostoLo  nostro  DVCI  =     17  n 

InCLyto  gentILIs  praVItatIs  DoMatorI.  =     171 1 

Inscription  on  a  statue  by  him  in  Stephens-gasse,  Prag — 

MVnIfICentIa,  et  beneVoLentIa  DeLata,  =     17 14 

Illustrissimo  .  .  .  Francisco  Antonio  .  .  .  comite  de  Sporck, 
Domino  in  Lissa,  etc.;  forMa  statV;E  In  pLatea  stephanensI, 

NEO-PRAGiE  SlTA,   sCVLPTA  ET  EDlTA.  as       1 7 14 

A  statue  by  him  of  the  Virgin  Mary  was  inscribed — 
beata  DeI  genItrIX,  MarIa  CotIesChoVena.  =     1720 

IbIDeM  Vt  CapItVLI  prases  pcenItentes  soLatVr.  =     1720 

A  monastic  building  decorated  by  him  was  inscribed — 
patrIbVs  ConsCrIptIs  In  habItIs  totIVs  proVInCLb  CoMItIIs 
saCrata  et  ConseCrata.  =     1727 

Another  statue  by  him  of  the  Virgin  Mary  was  inscribed — 
Mater  DeI  Vera  aVXILIatrIX  ConsoLatrIX  nostra.  =     1745 

Another  statue  by  him,  St.  Podivinus,  was  inscribed— 
sanCto  poDIVIno  eX  Voto  pIe,  et  enIXe  DeDICatVr,        =     1745 
a  Joanne  Antonii  Cajetano  Libero  Barone  de  Wunschwitz. 

Carl  Birkhart,  sculptor,  a  building  decorated  by  him,  and 


566  BOHEMIAN  ARTISTS. 

dedicated  to  the  Virgin  Mary  by  Maria  Theresia,  Queen  of  Hungary. 

An  inscription  thereon  contained  these  chronograms — 

en  DVo  Ver*  pIetatIs  et  reLIgIonIs  proDIgIa,  In  LVDoVICo, 

et  In  theresIa  hVngarLe  regIbVs.  =     1743 

VnDe  VenIet  aVXILIVM  regInje  VngarLe.         J  A9 

a  pIa  regIna  CoeLI.  J  ""     I743 

Ut  rex  Hungaria  Ludovicus  nomine  magnus, 
Hostes  devicit,  Viigine  Matre  duce, 
Sic  pariter,  vario  redita  certamine  Victrix, 
Regina  Hungarian,  Czechiadumque  Caput 
Magna  Deo  VIVas  per  Canos  nestorIs  annos,        )  _ 
stIrps  VICtrIX  VIVas  posterItatIs  honos  ;  j  ~~       ' 43 

pLVs  VLtra  CresCant,  pLVs  aVrea  serta  VIresCant,  (  _ 

pLVra  VbI  beLLa  geres,  pLVrIMa  serta  feres.      J  x'*3 

HOC  SACRA  REGLe  MaIESTATI  VeSTRjE  I  )  _ 

eX  Voto  DeVoto  VoVet,  et  optat  Vates,  J  ~~     I745 

Subjectissimus  Christianus  Ferber,  Locumtenens  Auditor. 

Johann  Bok,  a  celebrated  bell-founder  at  Kaurzim  in  Bohemia, 
put  up  a  fine  bell  in  the  church-tower,  thus  inscribed  (the  chronogram 
shows  two  dates) — 

honorI    DeI   VeneratIonI   sanCtorVM   petrI   et   paVLI   In 
soLatIa  pII  regIs  refVsa  sVb.  =     1736 

Clemente  xi.  pontifice  maximo,  Carolo  vi.,  Rom.  Imp.  .  .  .  etc. 

ANNO  QVO  LEOPOLDlNA  CoMlTl  EX  STERNBERG  ABllT  VIeNNA.=       1 7  26 

Jacob  Codicillus  belonged  to  the  University  of  Prague,  and 
followed  the  art  of  music  and  dramatic  performance.  His  epitaph 
in  Latin  verse  concluded  thus,  giving  the  date  of  his  death,  on  the 
day  of  St  Maurice,  the  22d  September  1576 — 

LVX  VbI  MaVrICIo  CVrrebat  saCra  IaCobVs  I 

eXhaLat:  VIrtVs  est  graVItas  qVe  sVper.  j  "~     IH 

Johann  Gaspar  Dooms,  a  portrait-painter.     A  picture  by 
him  of  Saint  Francis  Borgias  bore  this  inscription — 
sanCtVs  franCIsCVs  borgIa  DVX  ganDIjB,  e  soCIetate  IesV. 

prjeposItVs  generaLIs  III.  In  Vrbe  XII.  aprILIs  CanonIzatVs.  =  167 1 
And  over  the  head — 

LargVM  VtrInqVe  DeCVs.  =  167 1 

And  beneath — 

LVMen  ganDIaCIs  eXIstIs  borgIa  terrIs  =  167 1 

qVID  IesV  soCIIs?  LVMen  Ipse  nItor.  =  167 1 

Johann  Franz  Fischer,  a  copperplate  engraver  at  Prag.    A 
picture  by  him  of  Saint  Lidwina  was  inscribed  and  dated — 
beata  LYDVIna  agrIs  patIentLe  specVLVM.  =     172 1 

A  picture  of  Saint  Agnes  was  inscribed  and  dated — 
sanCta  agnes  De  Monte  poLItIano  rorIs  sVpernI  aspersIone, 
et  fLorIbVs  e  terra  eXortIs  ornata.  =     1727 


BOHEMIAN  ARTISTS.  567 

Johann  Christoph  Joseph  Haan,  a  student  of  medicine  at 
Prag,  and  engraver  on  copper.  A  portrait  by  him  of  a  celebrated 
Doctor  Dobrienski  was  thus  inscribed — . 

prjbstans  IMperIo  CLaVTVs  qVoD  praestat  In  astrIs,  =  1670 

IaM  boIIs  CVLtVs  tV  DabIs  arte  parI.  =  1670 

In  qVo  se  pr^fert  MeDICVs  VIr  In  orbe  gaLenVs  (sic)    =  1674 

tV  qVoqVe  DeVoto  perCeLebrare  Metro.  =  1670 

sIC  ne  IgItVr  terrIs  notVs  DoMInare  poLoqVe?  =  1670 

Da,  qVeat  haan,  pr«sens  serWs  habere  LoCVM.  =  1670 

Benedict  Hajek  had  some  occupation  at  the  monastery  of 
Hohenfurt  He  is  said  to  have  kept  a  sort  of  scrap-book  in  which 
he  wrote  things  worth  preserving.  This  chronogram  was  among 
them,  whatever  it  may  have  referred  to— 

phILogIsMVs  In  Barbara  neo  aC  perIpatetICa  DeserVIens=     1766, 
seV  reMonstratIo  CharItatIs  non  fICt^  In  DIVa  Barbara 
reLata  =     1766 

perDoCto,  et  eXIMIo  phILosophLe  neoterIGe  professorI;=     1766 
VenerabILI     jeMILIano     De     pLassIo     professo     affeCtV 

FRATERNO  PRjEENTATA,  =       1765 

atqVe  a  patre  beneDICto  haIek  aLtoVaDI1  professo  penna 
effIgIata,  et  DepICta.  =     1766 

Hoc  opens  factor  fine  coronat  opus. 
Mille  tibi  voveo  sanos   at  Nestoris  annos.2  )  =         — 

84     120    505      271    101      464        221  J  ' 

i.e.  I  wish  thee  a  thousand  healthy  years ',  even  as  those  of  Nestor. 

Johann  Jacob  Krumpfer  was  a  noted  bell-founder  at  Breslau. 
He  put  up  a  bell  at  the  Johanneskirche  with  this  inscription — 
soLVe  Deo  grates  qVotIes  CaMpana  LeVatVr,  =     1721 

Mens  pVLsV  CorDIs  se  sVper  astra  LeVet.  =     1721 

Meister  Johann  Makal  was  a  bell-founder  at  Raknezan, 
in  Bohemia.  He  put  up  a  bell  at  the  church  there,  as  the  inscription 
states,  in  the  place  of  one  destroyed  by  fire  in  X589,  in  the  reign  of 
the  Emperor  Rudolph  n.,  'quod  sequentes  versus  demonstrant,' 
which  seem  to  have  been  part  of  the  inscription  on  the  bell  (but  that 
is  doubtful). 

Campana  de  se. 
Dum  nova  cum  Czechis  componunt  pacta  Poloni, 
Campanae  nomen  sum  quoque  nacta  novum  annus 
CiESARE  rVDoLpho  CzeChIo  IVrante  poLono  :  1  —       *a 

eXeo  pro  pVbLICa  DenVo  fVsa  stIpe  J  ""     I5*9 

Aliter 
annVs  agIt  fVrIens  fer  DeVs  aVXILIVM.  =     1589 

1  Vadum-altum=Hohenfart  in  Bohemia. 

*  This  hexameter  line  is  a  cabala.    The  key  to  the  figures  represented  by  the  letters  can 
be  seen  at  p.  41  of  Chronograms^  and  at  p.  353,  ante. 


568  BOHEMIAN  ARTISTS. 

Friedrich  Michael,  a  celebrated  bell-founder  at  Prag.  He  put 
up  a  fine  bell  at  the  church  of  St.  Kastutus  in  1689,  bearing  this 
date— 

profer  qVInqVe  qVater,  neC  non  seMeL  Vna  notetVr  )  6g 

IVnII,  et  est  annI  trIstIs  ab  Igne  DIes.  J  9 

Elias  Miiller,  a  copperplate  engraver  at  Prag.     A  picture  by 
him  of  fourteen  saints  bore  this  date — 

IstI    sVnt   qVatVorDeCIM    aVXILIatores    patronI    nostrI, 
qVI  pIIs  sVffragIIs  honorantVr.  =     1707 

One  representing  Saint  Joseph  was  thus  inscribed — 

DIVO   IOSEPHO  PATRlARCHiB  DeDICaTA,  =s       1709 

AB  ADDICTO  RHETORIC*  STVDIO  PRAGENSl.  =       1709 

Reiner.    Under  this  name,  at  page  553  of  vol.  ii.,  a  work  is  men- 
tioned with  a  very  long  title,  commencing  thus — 
DesIgnatIo  IConographICa  oberLeVtensDorfenses  pannarIas 
offICInas    WLg6    fabrICas    penICILLI    arbItrIo    REPRiE- 
sentans,  etc.  etc.  =     1728 

J.  Anton  Schlachter,  a  fresco  painter  at  Prag.  An  engraved 
copy  of  one  of  his  works  was  thus  inscribed — 

ASTRA  VoCANT,  TE  TERRA  PETIT,   CERTATVR  HONORE,  \ 

astra  tIbI  LaVros,  nos  pIa  Vota  DaMVs.  j  ~"     x'79 

nostra  tIbI  sVppLeX  VetVs  Vrbs  bIs  qVInqVe  peraCtIs  ) 
LVstrIs  DeVotI  strVXIt  aMorIs  opVs.  J  ~"     I7'9 

Heinrich  Genomatsky,  a  bell-founder  at  Schlan.    He  put  up 
a  bell  there  with  this  date,  part  of  some  inscribed  verses — 
pensILIs  ILLo  anno  toLLebar  In  aera  MoLes  )  6 

qVo  pestIs  patrIIs  CessIt  aCerba  foCIs.  j  ~"     l  *4 

Johann  Rudolf  Sporck  is  mentioned  at  p.  427  ante,  as  having 
been  an  artist  and  author  of  a  very  remarkable  chronogrammatic 
work.  A  list  of  his  artistic  works  is  given  by  Dlabacz  in  the  biogra- 
phical Lexicon  now  being  quoted;  No.  21,  a  portrait  by  him  of 
Mathias  Leineck,  was  thus  inscribed — 

M0D0  CeCo  paX  LIbet.  s=     1761 

Ista  LeX  paCe  Cantata  Deo  Manet.  =     1761 

M0D0  hoC  perfeCto  eX  LIttera  patet.  =     1761 

Another  work  by  him  was  thus  inscribed — 
per    Istas    pagInas    seMper    fIDeLIs    CapItVLI    pragensIs 
effIgIes  tIbI  eXhIbetVr.  =     1732 


. 


In  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Walter  Begley,  'Melissi  Schedias- 
matum  reliquiae.'  (Extemporaneous  poems  ?  by  Melissus.)  The 
introductory  verses  are  signed  in  a  singular  printed  flourish  making 
the  author's  name.  Chronogram  verses  occur  at  page  23  printed  in 
plain  letters,  the  date  letters  not  in  any  way  to  be  distinguished  from 
others ;  the  verses  are  addressed  to  the  Venetians  on  their  victory 
over  the  Turks  at  Lepanto,  on  7th  October  1571.  (Here,  on  the  next 
page,  printed  as  an  ordinary  chronogram) — 

4c 


1626 


VARIOUS  CHRONOGRAMS.  569 

THE  foundation-stone  of  a  castle  in  the  province  of  Hesse  was 
thus  inscribed,  according  to  the  vol.  for  185 1  of  c  Archiv  fur 
Hessische  Gescheiten,'  Darmstadt,  p.  411 — 

DIe  VICtorInI  qVI  erat  )  _ 

25.  Mens.  febrVar.  st.  VeterIs.  j  "" 

i.e.  On  the  day  of  Saint  Victorinus,  which  was  the  25M  of  the  month 
February,  old  style. 

Observe  that  the  words  of  the  second  line  are  abbreviated  to  suit 
the  year  date.  There  were  two  saints  Victorinus;  one  flourished 
in  the  year  290,  and  died  a  martyr  probably  in  304,  his  day  is  2d 
November;  the  other  and  his  six  companions,  citizens  of  Corinth, 
were  all  put  to  death  with  horrible  cruelties,  according  to  the 
adopted  traditions,  on  25th  February,  a.d.  284. 


At  Breslau,  from  'Nova  literaria  Germanise/  vol.  for  1709, 
P-  3°5-  J0*111  Christopher  de  Tarnau,  a  senator,  died  5th  April  1708. 
'Anno  millesimo  septingentesimo  octavo,  die  5  Aprilis  1708,  dominus 
de  Tarnau  obit,  religiosus  senator,  vos  cives  lugete  eum,'  or  according 
to  his  epitaph — 

taVsenD    sIebenhVnDert  aChte,    Den    fVnften  aprILa 
stIrbt  herr  Von  tarnaV,  eIn  geVVIssenhaffer  rathherr,  r  _ 
Ihr  bVrger   beWeInt  Ihn:— quo  justior  alter,   Nee  j         I? 
pietate  fuit,  patriae  nee  major  amicus.  / 

In  a  volume  of  German  tracts  in  the  Bodleian  Library  (press- 
mark Diss.  K.  212.),  one  on  the  subject  of  the  emperor  and  contro- 
versial theology  (at  page  marked  639)  is  dated — Anno,  o  pII  In 
toto  orbe,  Date  sVa  C^sarI,  et  Deo  qVje  sVnt  DeI.  =     1620 

In  another  similar  volume  (Diss.  195.),  'Historia  vitas  Georgii 
Spalatini,'  a  theologian  of  Saxony,  by  Christian   Schleigel :    Jena, 
1693,  with  portrait.     At  page  177  is  the  following  notice  of  his 
death — Josephus  k  Pinu  ejus  emortualem  hoc  inclusit  eteosticho. 
sVstInet  haC  reqVIeM  spaLatInVs  Corpore  terra  )  = 

nesCIVs  eXtIngVI  spIrItVs  astra  CoLIt.  J  549 


S7o  VARIOUS  CHRONOGRAMS. 

fLVCtIVagI  tVrCas  VenetI  straVere  DVeLLo;  ) 

nonIs  oCtobrIs  LVX  qVIa  DeXtra  faVet.  j  "     I571 

And  these  verses,  on  page  24,  contain  the  same  date — 

VICtor  aqVIs  henetVs  prostat  ;  ferVs  oCCVbVIt  thraX  j  I 
Vt  LVX  oCtobrIs  septIMa  Lata  VenIt  !  f  ~     I571 


In  volume  2,  pp.  353,  359,  of '  Der  Niirnbergischen  Muntz-Belus- 
tigung,'  by  G.  A.  Will,  1766,  it  is  related  that  the  Franciscan  monastery 
at  Nuremberg  was  burnt  more  than  once,  and  on  one  occasion,  in 
167 1,  the  fire  was  caused  by  some  carelessness  in  the  use  of  tobacco ; 
it  is  likely  enough  to  have  been  the  immediate  or  approximate  cause  of 
the  catastrophe  thus  elegantly  alluded  to— 
an  fVIt  In  fatIs,  aDes  antIqVa,  tabaCI  )  _      6 

Vt  te  foetentIs  sterneret  herba  MaLa?  j  x  '* 

i.e.   Was  it  a  fatality,  O  ancient  house,  that  the  evil  herb  of  stinking 
tobacco  should  overthrow  thee  f 


1  met  with  a  book  at  Frankfurt  thus  dated — 

o  pII  In  toto  orbe,  Date  sVa  GssarI  et  I  A 

Deo  qVa  sVnt  DeI.  /  =     I02° 


♦«•»♦ 


A  tract  contains  the  date  in  the  leading  words  of  the  title-page, 
thus — 

Cum  Deo  I 
Disputatio  historico-physica,  de 
CrotaLIstrIa  tepIDI  teMporIs  hospIta.  =     1656 

A  disputation  at  the  University  of  Leipzig  between  Johannes 
Pretorius  and  Franciscus  Romanus  Bruno.  There  are  three  copies 
in  the  British  Museum,  catalogued  under  *  Bruno,  F.  R.,'  and  dated 
1672  and  1702. 


A  small  tract  in  the  British  Museum  Library  (press-mark  12305. 
aaa.  33),  160,  pp.  32,  contains  12  engraved  emblems,  with  descrip- 
tions in  German,  relating  to  the  conclusion  of  the  Thirty  Years'  War. 
It  bears  no  date  besides  the  chronograms  on  the  title  and  concluding  s 
pages.  The  title  is,  *  Meditationes  emblematicae  de  restaurati  pace 
Germaniae  cum  brevi  explicatione.  Sinnbilder  von  dem  wider- 
gebrachten  Teutschen  Frieden  kiirtslich  erklart  durch  Johann  Vogel 
Anno 
CVM  DIXerInt;  paX  non  erIt  paX,  paX  erIt.1  =     1649 

And  on  the  last  page,  Niirnberg  im  Jahr 
VVann  sIe  etWan  sagen  ;  es  kan  nVn  nICht  )  _       ^ 

seyn,  WIrD  frIeD  WerDen.  J  "     ID49 

The  words  of  this  chronogram  seem  to  have  been  suggested  by 
passages  in  the  Bible  at  Ezekiel  xiii.  10,  Jeremiah  vi.  14,  and  viii  u. 


f 


VARIOUS  CHRONOGRAMS. 

1  he  following  is  a  curious  finish  to  a  book — 

Pretium  Chronographicum. 

eMIte  pVbLICJ:  DVobVs  stVferIs  = 

neC  MInVs  VaLeo  DVobVs  sestertIIs  = 

DIVenDar  Cras  DVobVs  sesqVI  oboLIs.  = 

It  occurs  in  a  work  in  the  Royal  Library  at  Brussels,  by  Franciscus 

Godinus,  entitled — 

'Cara  aLeXanDrI  MagnI  XenIa 
Sive 

chronodistichon  in  strenam  Reverendi  Domini  D.  Alexandri  Sweveri 
.  .  .  per  Franciscum  Godinum  Ludimagistrum  Bruxellensem,  anno 
mdclxxiii.'  There  are  a  few  chronograms  in  the  body  of  the  work, 
which  is  a  collection  of  short  Latin  poems,  but  nothing  noteworthy. 


S7i 


1673 
1673 

1673 


=  1673 


1  he  following  extract  was  sent  to  me  by  Mr.  G.  Parker  of  the 
Bodleian  Library,  from  a  publication,  *  Qu  etoit  qu'un  Due  de  Bra- 
bant' A  la  Haye,  1790.  Page  14.  Le  18  Juin  1789  voici  le 
chronograph  qui  paroit  a  ce  sujet — 

DeCIMa  oCtaVa  JUnII  senatUs  eXpULsUs.  = 

tIranno  repULso  DUCe  seXto  Mense  reVIVIsCIt  senatUs.= 


It  is  mentioned  in  a  German  work,  among  some  otherwise  unim- 
portant remarks  on  chronograms,  that  in  the  author's  university 
(Altdorf  ?),  there  is  a  manuscript  of  the  Vulgate  having  the  following 
hexameter  verse,  '  which  gives  the  date  when  the  ms.  was  finished  and 
collated/  It  is  not  written  as  a  chronogram,  nor  is  it  certain  that  it 
was  intended  for  one,  but  by  writing  it  as  such  the  date  12 10  is  clearly 
given — 

fInIto  LIbro  reDDatVr  gLorIa  ChrIsto. 

If  this  was  written  contemporaneously  with  that  date,  it  is  the 
earliest  Latin  chronogram  that  I  am  acquainted  with.  That,  how- 
ever, is  questionable. 

In  the  same  work  I  find  a  curious  form  of  chronogram,  where  the 
first  line  of  a  distich  on  a  marriage  gives  a  certain  number,  from 
which  the  product  of  the  second  line  must  be  subtracted  to  find  the 
intended  date,  1606 — 

septIMa  LVX  IanI  raDIos  DIspergIt  In  orbeM  = 

CVM  neCtIt  sponsVs  CopVLa  sanCta  probos.  .    = 


This  is  the  only  example  I  have  found  of  this  sort  of  chronogram. 


■I 


1789 
1789 


=  1210 


3072 
1466 

1606 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS  AND 
CHURCH  EVENTS. 


I  HE  earlier  pages,  88  to  103,  of  the  present  volume  are 
devoted  to  the  notice  of  some  of  the  Flemish  bishops. 
Since  those  pages  were  printed,  I  have  obtained  from  a 
German  bookseller  seven  other  rare  tracts  on  the  same 
subject  In  'this  chapter  I  offer  a  description  of  them, 
with  copious  extracts  from  their  chronograms. 

The  first  tract  is  a  congratulation  to  Henry  Gabriel  van  Gameren, 
sixteenth  bishop  of  Antwerp,  on  his  arrival  there.  No  date  is  men- 
tioned. It  bears  this  title — '  Illustrissimo  ac  reverendissimo  domino 
D.  Henrico  Gabrieli  van  Gameren  xvi.  Antverpiensium  episcopo  in 
solemni  ad  cathedram  suam  adventu,  dramatic^  aggratulatur 
Gymnasium  Augustino-Antverpiense.'  A  portrait  of  him  faces  the 
title-page  -,1  I  give  the  accompanying  facsimile  copy  of  it,  as  an 
example  of  the  application  of  a  chronogrammatic  inscription  in  hexa- 
meter and  pentameter  verse,  which  reads  as  follows — 
VIr  VIrtUte  DeI,*  fULgens  VIrtUtIs  IMago, 

henrICUs  prjEsUL  VIVUs  In  effIgIe. 
Ut  VIrtUte  Deo  VIg^eas,  antVerpIa,  sponsUs 

VIrtUte  eX  aLto  LUCet  IMago  tUI. 
MaJestas  pIetasqUe  VIgent  VIrtUtIs  In  Una 

seDe:  pIIs  LUX  est,  qUI  VIr  apostoLICUs. 
saCra  eVangeLII  LUCens  fLagransqUe  LUCerna, 

qUI  LUX  eXeMpLIs,  fULget  et  eLoqUIIs. 
qUI  pUra  popULUM  sUb  reLLIgIone  tUetUr, 

qUo  tUtore  DeI  greX  sIne  Labe  VIget. 
pasCIt  oVes  ChrIstI,  VerbIs  qUI  bIbLIa  saCrIs 

eXpLICat:  Ut  LUX,  sIC  forMa,  saLUsqUe  gregIs. 
*  Gabriel  :   Vir  Dei. 


}- 
}- 

}- 
}- 
}- 


1766 
1766 
1766 
1766 
1766 
1766 


1  The  chronogram  date  of  this  portrait  leads  to  the  inference  that  it  was  engraved  seven 
years  after  the  event  commemorated  in  the  tract  Observe  the  explanation  of  Gabriel  = 
Vir  Deiy  the  leading  words  of  the  verses  ;  and  the  recurring  play  on  the  first  word. 


-^JlI 


u.-; 


.yttm* 


VIrtUtx  »X  aLto  UUCet  Majjo  xUI. 
I    MaI»;tju  rI^TAJa^E^lGxi^'rYfcrUTlr3xXA4JL 
jxD*:  rll/  LVX  BJTpClVI  VI*  apojtoLICTJ^ 

qIJI  pO^a  kxfUIJLM  jUb  reLLIgIonk  tUmUr, 
xa^CIx  dUitj   CHx2>Ti;VkKBlr  &JI  visiles aCxLt 


I 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  573 

A  fine  engraving  of  his  armorial  shield,  surmounted  by  a  cardinal's 
hat  with  ten  tassels,  is  on  the  back  of  the  title-page,  and  dated 
1759- 

The  address  to  him  in  heroic  metre  is  spoken  by  the  pastoral 
characters  Menalcas,  Alexis,  Condon,  and  Tityrus  (supposed  members 
of  the  Gymnasium),  commencing  thus — 

ILLUstrIssIMo  PRiEsULI  ] 

sUbseqUentIa  DetULIt  >=     1759 

JUVentUs  aUgUstInIana.  j 


she 


CarMInIs  eLUCIDatIo.  =     1759 

The  verses  and  the  address  then  follow.     At  page  6  the  metre 
changes,  and  the  verses  are  thus  introduced — 

CantILena  1 

neo-antIstIteM  aDesse,  nUnCIat.  J  759 

The  pastoral  characters  then  resume  their  address  in  heroic  verse. 

At  page  16  the  metre  again  changes,  and  the  verses  are  thus  intro- 
duced, '  Illustrissimo  .  .  .  Henrico  Gabrieli  van  Gameren, 

fIDeLI  DoCtorI,  faCUnDo  professorI,  =     1759 

Asclepiadaeo  carmine  accinit 
Tityrus.' 
The  verses  conclude  with  this  couplet — 
DoCtrIna  eXCeLLens  LaUDatUr  Ut  aLter  aqUInas    )  = 

estqUe  saCro  PRiEsUL  tULLIUs  eLoqUIo.  J  I'*9 

At  page  18  the  sapphic  metre  is  adopted  in  some  verses,  thus 
introduced,  '  Illustrissimo  .  .  .  Henrico  Gabrieli  van  Gameren, 

fIDeLI  CoLLegIorUM  prjEposIto  =     1759 

Versu  Sapphico  congaudet 
Alexis.' 

The  verses  conclude  with  this  couplet — 
qUI  reXIt  nUper  JUsteqUe,  pIeqUe  paL«stras,  ) 

VIrtUte  ^qUaLI  DIrIget  ILLe  gregeM.  j  i7S9 

At  page  20  the  metre  again  changes,  and  the  verses  are  thus  in- 
troduced, '  Illustrissimo  .  .  .  Henrico  Gabrieli  van  Gameren, 

fIDeLI  reCtorI,  bonorUM  proteCtorI  =     1759 

Ode  Horatiana  applaudit 
Coridon.' 

The  verses  conclude  with  this  couplet — 
qUI  tULIt  a  grUDIa  pUgnas,  IrasqUe  JUVenta,  J 

hIC  orIs  poterIt  VI  reMoVere  LUpos.  J  x'59 

At  page  22  the  metre  changes,  and  verses  of  an  unusual  Leonine 


\ 


574  SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

kind  are  thus  introduced,  '  Illustrissimo  .  .  .  Henrico  Gabrieli  van 
Gameren, 

fIDeLIssIMo  nUnC  epIsCopo  =     1759 

inusitato  versus  leonini  genere  aggratulatur 
Menalcas.' 
The  verses  conclude  with  this  couplet — 
VI Ve  DIU  feLIX;  hIC  s^CULa  pLUra  gUbernas,  1 

aC  fIDeI  In  CoeLIs  sUsCIpe  serta  tILe.  J  ~     I759 

At  page  24  the  tract  is  brought  to  a  conclusion  in  heroic  verse, 
thus  introduced,  by  the  genius  of  the  college,  and  ended  by  a 
separate  couplet — 

fIDeLI  PRiEsULI 

AC 
STUDIOSO  REIpUbLIC*:   LlTERARliE   FaUtORI  }*=       1759 

pLUres  gratIas  eXsoLVIt 
CoLLegII  genIUs. 


eXILes,  prjEsUL,  DIgnanter  sUsCIpe  VersUs,  )  _ 

qUI  tIbI  perpetUI  pIgnUs  aMorIs  erUnt.  J  I759 


}■ 


1759 


THE  second  tract  is  a  congratulation  to  the  same  Bishop 
Gameren,  by  the  College  of  the  Jesuits  at  Antwerp.  The  title- 
page  is  in  the  same  words  nearly  as  the  former  one,  and  is  dated 
1759.  On  the  back  thereof  the  armorial  shield  and  cardinal's  hat  are 
represented  by  a  different  engraving.  The  address  to  him  in  heroic 
metre  is  thus  introduced — 

henrICo 

epIsCopo  ConseCrato 

aCCLaMans 

soCIetas  JesU. 

Sixteen  pages  of  verse  then  follow,  at  the  conclusion  of  which 
there  are  six  engravings  of  pastoral  emblems  in  frames  of  bold  design. 
They  are  preceded  by  an  engraved  title,  showing  the  bishop's 
armorial  shield,  and  his  crest  a  faithful  dog,  with  a  crown  on  his 
head,  the  motto  fidelitas  coronatur,  and  these  chronograms — 

gaMerana  fIDeLItas  )_ 

poetICe  ILLUstrata.  j  "~     l**9 

CanIt  hUnC  InsIgne  fIDeLeM.  =     1759 

Each  emblem  occupies  a  page,  the  headlines  of  which  are  in 
chronogram,  intended  to  be  read  consecutively  along  as  referring  to 
the  bishop.  At  the  same  time  they  bear  some  allusion  to  the  emblem 
which  follows.  The  absence  of  the  emblems  from  my  pages  deprives 
the  chronogrammatic  verses  and  their  mottoes  of  the  somewhat  need- 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 


575 


ful  explanations  which  they  afford.  (Each  page  consists  of  the  head- 
line, the  emblem,  the  motto,  and  the  verses,  in  regular  order  and 
in  chronogram ;  the  dog  personifies  the  bishop.) 

i.  henrICo  Van  gaMeren  epIsCopo  fIDeLL  =     1759 

(Emblem,  a  dog  watching  a  flock  of  sheep.) 
nIhIL  hoC  CUstoDe  tIMebIt. 
hoC  Cane  greX  fIDo  si  nIL  CUstoDe  VeretUr, 

neC  Cane  tUta  LUpos  ULLa  VeretUr  oVIs; 
tUqUe  noVo  VIVens  JaM  prasULe  tUta  fIDeLI 
nIL  anVersa  tIbI,  nIL  Vereare  tUIs. 

2.  Ver«  eCCLesLe  patrI  fIrMe  aDh^erentI. 
(Emblem,  a  shepherd  and  his  dog,  with  the  flock.) 

DUCI   ILLE   FlDELIS  ADHiERET. 
ADSTAT   UT  USQUE  CANls  PASTORl   fIDUs  ADHiERENS, 

seCUrUsqUe  sUas  rIte  tUetUr  oVes; 

TU   QUOQUE,   ROMULEO   PATRl  QUI   PRjESUL  ADHiERES, 

seCUrUs  tUtas  rIte  tUerIs  oVes. 

3.  HiEREsIM  a  CatheDra  VIgILanter  arCentI. 
(Emblem,  the  dog  driving  wolves  from  the  homestead.) 

hosteM  VIgIL  arCet  et  InDe  repeLLIt. 
hIC  CanIs  hIC  VIgILat  noCtUqUe  DIUqUe  LatranDo 

arCet  et  a  stabULIs  InseqUItUrqUe  LUpos  : 
sIC    qUoqUe  tU  VIgILans   proCUL,   ILLUstrIssIMe 

PRjESUL 

ileRetICos  arCes  InseqUerIsqUe  LUpos. 

4.  a  VIa  DeCLInanteM  InCrepantI. 
(Emblem,  the  dog  driving  straying  sheep  into  the  flock.) 

SiEVlT  hIC  In  DeCLInanteM. 
CeU  CanIs  hIC  CUrrIt  DeCLInantesqUe  reqUIrIt 

sjeVIt  et  In  Lentas  CeU  fUrIbUnDUs  oVes; 
sIC  qUoqUe  DUCIt  oVes,  DeCLInantesqUe  reqUIrIt 

prjesUL  hIC  et  CaUtas  CUrat  InIre  VIas. 

5.  aMIssos  feLICIter  reDUCentI. 
(Emblem,  the  dog  drives  lost  sheep  towards  the  flock.) 

retrahIt  CogItqUe  reDIre  reLICtaM. 
si  qUa  VagatUr  oVIs,  qUjerIt  CanIs  Iste  VaganteM 

aC  trahIt  eX  antrIs  atqUe  reDIre  JUbet. 
tU  parIter  DIVo,  pr^sUL,  qUoqUe  reDDIs  oVILI, 

HjERbtICos  Inter  si  qUa  VagatUr  oVIs. 

6.  henrICI  antIstItIs  fIDeLItatI  MItra  Coronate.       = 
(Emblem,  the  dog  stands  in  a  peaceful  landscape  wearing  his  crown.) 

JUstI  MerCes  ConDIgna  LaborIs.  = 

prjeMIa  JUsta  sIbI  retULIt  CanIs  Iste  fIDeLIs, 

eXposIto  IntentUs  qUI  fUIt  UsqUe  gregI  : 
QUiEQUE  tIbI  hIC,  PRiEsUL,  DatUr  InfULa  saCra  fIDeLI 

eXIstet  CUrIs,  pULChra  Corona  tUIs. 


1759 
1759 

1759 

*759 

1759 
1759 

1759 
1759 

1759 
1759 

1759 

1759 

1759 
1759 

1759 
'759 

1759 
1759 

1759 
1759 

1759 
=     1759 

=     '759 


57* 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 


The  tract  concludes  with  an  epitome  of  an  'Applaususconvivalis,' 
a  kind  of  emblematical  scenic  accompaniment  recited  by  certain 
pastoral  characters  personated  by  members  of  the  college,  whose 
names  are  given.    There  are  no  more  chronograms. 

THE  third  tract  consists  of  28  pages,  and  describes  a  public  festival 
at  Antwerp,  on  the  arrival,  on  9th  September  1776,  of  Jacobus 
Thomas  Josephus  Wellens,  the  seventeenth  bishop  of  that  see,  when 
the  streets  were  decorated  with  structures,  emblems,  and  inscriptions, 
and  a  grand  procession  took  place.  The  whole  is  described  in  the 
Flemish  language,  and  the  inscriptions  are  partly  in  that  language  and 
*  partly  in  Latin,  a  few  being  also  in  French.  They  were  mostly  in 
chronogram,  320  of  them  being  so.  Although  so  numerous,  they  are 
not  generally  interesting  or  remarkable.  A  few  extracts  will  suffice 
to  represent  this  multitudinous  assemblage.  The  title-page  is, — 
4  Verzamelinge  der  bezonderste  chronica,  inscriptien,  zinnebeelden, 
veerssen  en  andere,  tot  Antwerpen  gezien  den  9  van  September  en  de 
volgende  dagen  van't  Jaer  1776,  ter  gelegentheyd  van  den  plegtigen 
intrude  van  syne  doorlugtigste  hoogweirdigheyd  myn-heere,  myn- 
heere  Jacobus  Thomas  Josephus  Wellens  xvn.  bisschop  van 
Antwerpen.'  These  inscriptions  were  seen  at  various  places  in  the 
streets  (the  letter  W  counts  10,  and  Y=2). 

VerWIL'CoMD  WeLLens.  = 

CUnCtorUM  VotIs  postULatUs  aDest.  = 

AVlTiE  faMILLe  CIVItatIsqVe  DeCUs.  = 

MaeCkt  VreUgD,  VoLCk,  In  antWerpen.  = 

WIL'CoM  aU  geWensChten  herDer.  = 

CceLUM  Ver£  eXaUDIt  preCes.  = 

MonseIgneUr  WeLLens  Le  VerItabLe  obJet  De  La  JoYe.  = 

CLaMant  hILarIter  CUnCtI  :  tU  gLorIa,  tU  LjEtItIa  1 

aC  beLgII  honorIfICentIa.  J 

VIro  InsIgnI  appLaUDIMUs  CUnCtI.  = 

CorDIaLI  pIetatIs  aMore  eXUrgIte  CIVes.  = 

IosephUs  WeLLens,  anVersje  PRiEsUL,  paCeM  aDfert.  = 

IaCobUs  prjEsUL,  sapIentI,*:  Dote  ILLUstrIssIMUs.  = 

hILarI  anIMo  prjEsULI  CongratULantUr  sUbDItI.  = 


hICVIr,hIC  est,spLenDens  VIrtUs  qUeM  LaUDeCoronat, 
et  MerItIs  InsIgne  sUIs  CapUt  InVehIt  astrIs.1 
IaCobo  WeLLens,  DIgnIssIMo  antVerpLe  PRiEsULI. 

CUnCtI  eXULteMUs  Deo  ! 
trIUMphanDo  WeLLens  LiETA  reCreatUr  Urbs. 


i= 


1776 
1776 
1776 

1776 
[776 
1776 
1776 

1776 

1776 
1776 
1776 
1776 
1776 

3552 
1776 

1776 
1776 


These  two  lines  make  3552,  i.e.  twice  1776, 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS.  577 


1- 


Dat  WeLLens  LeVe  bIssChop  Van  Deze  staD,1 

hIer  nU  Lang  VerWaCht,  }>=  3552 

Met  VreUoD  betraCht. 

MonseIgneUr  soYez  bIen  VenU  Dans  Cette  pLaIsante  VILLe=  1776 

antVerpIa  fIt  feLIX,  MUnIta  pontIfICe  DoCto.  =  1776 

VIrtUte  VItm  PRiEVIA  eCCLesIaM  DIrIget.  =  1776 

WeLLens  nUnC  MItrA  peDoqUe  fULget.  =  1776 

aD  saLUtIs  pasCUa  sUas  DeDUCet  oVes.  =  1776 

IaCobo    THoMiE    Iosepho    WeLLens    noVo    PRffisULI    Ingre- 
DIentL                                                       ax  1776 
pLaUDIte  In  IntroItU  ILLUstrIssIMI  epIsCopI  nostrI  !  =  1776 
nobILI  IaCobo  THoMiE  pr^sULI  In  soLennI  sUo  aD VentU.  =  1776 
pLaUsUs  hILares  qUjeqUe  DoMUs  CeLebret.           =  1776 
VI Vat  DIU  nobIs  IaCobUs  thoMas  IosephUs  WeLLens  )  =  ^ 
antVerpIanUs,  antIstes  antVerpIensIs  XVII.          J  77 
sUIs  oMne  DeCUs,  et  honorIfICentIa  popULI  sUL       =  1776 
epIsCopI  aD  VentU  L^tItIA  oMnes  affICIUntUr.         =  1776 

IaCobUs  WeLLens  sapIbntLb  Dono  prIMUs  phILosophLe  :  =     1776 
InsIgnIs,  Ut  aLter  nostrI  teMporIs  aUgUstInUs,  DoCtor 

SPlCrM  =       1776 

theoLogL*:  prUDens  UnIVersItatIs  reCtor  MagnIfICUs  :=  1776 
DeI  gratIA  fIt  PRiEsUL  antVerpIensIs,  oCtaVo  septeMbrIs 

saCratUs  =  1776 

MeChLInI*  :  seqUentI  DIe  Intrat,  patrLe  reCtUrUs  oVes.=  1776 

sIt  VoX  Una  :  VIVat  WeLLens,  >  _„, 

VIVat  DIgnUs  epIsCopUs  In  ^eVUM  !  J  ~  I77° 

k  CorDe  gratULaMUr  antIstItI,  \  =  , 

patrI,  fratrIqUe  UnICo.  J  77 

spLenDor  sUorUM  WeLLenIUs  senesCat  !  =     1776 

Dat  WeLLens  Lang  Le£Ve  De  gLorIe  Der  antWerpenaeren!=     1776 

Great  sameness  prevails  throughout  the  chronogrammatic  inscrip- 
tions ;  the  public  joy  on  the  occasion,  the  praise  of  the  bishop,  and  of 
his  qualifications  and  learning,  are  their  constant  theme.  The  tract 
is  roughly  but  accurately  printed. 

'HT^HE  fourth  tract  relates  to  Carolus  de  Spinosa,  on  his  inaugura- 
X  tion  in  1728  as  the  twelfth  Bishop  of  Antwerp;  he  is  men- 
tioned at  page  96  ante,  and  should  be  more  correctly  described  there 
as  Suffragan  in  the  Archbishopric  of  Mechlin.  This  tract  consists  of 
28  pages  40,  and  bears  this  title  : — ( Illustrissimo  ac  reverendissimo 

1  These  three  lines  make  3552,  i.e.  twice  1776. 
4D 


S7»  SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

domino  D.  Carolo  de  Spinosa  ordinis  FF.  Minorum  Capucinorum  ex 
Tricalensium,  nunc  duodecimo  Antverpiensium  episcopo,  cum  primum 
in  cathedram  suam  solemniter  induceretur,  applaudebat  Gymnasium 
Literarium  S.  P.  Augustini  Antverpiae.  Anno  mdccxxvih.  It  com- 
mences with  a  laudatory  poem,  which  at  p.  6  concludes  with  'Ode 
Musica '  in  four  stanzas,  and — 

Tripudium  chronicon 
faUstUs  aDes  PRiEsUL,  CanIMUs  )  =  g 

tIbI  grata  LUbrnter.  j  ' 

At  page  1 1  a  second  part  commences,  bearing  this  title,  ( Accla- 
matio  emblematica  alludens  ad  arma  gentilitia  illustrissimi  .  .  .  D. 
Caroli  de  Spinosa,  duodecimi  Antverpiensium  episcopi.'  The  fronti- 
spiece to  the  tract  is  a  finely  engraved  representation  of  his  armorial 
shield,  surmounted  by  a  cardinal's  hat  with  ten  tassels ;  the  motto  is, 
4  arce  lupos.'  The  armorial  devices  are  the  «ame  as  those  described 
at  p.  96  antey  but  the  engraving  is  different ;  they  consist  of  thorn 
trees  ('  spinosa'),  lilies,  and  wolves. 

A  series  of  twelve  engraved  emblems  commences  at  page  12,  each 
with  Latin  epigrammatic  verses  and  a  chronogram  having  some 
figurative  allusion  to  the  armorial  devices ;  a  text  from  the  Vulgate 
Bible  precedes  each,  thus — 

Emblema  I.  Lilium  inter  spinas.  Canticles  il  2.  The 
engraving  is  a  lily  growing  among  thorns — 

tUtIUs  InDe  saLUs  CUM  res  spInosa  resULtat.  =     1728 

Emblema  IL  Ex  omnibus  floribus  orbis  elegistl  Lilium 
unum.  4  Esdras  v.  24.  The  engraving  represents  a  garden  in  which 
lilies  are  conspicuous,  the  bees  are  seen  to  forsake  other  flowers  and 
choose  them.  The  chronogram  is  allusive  to  the  Emperor  Charles  vi. 
and  the  bishop  Charles — 

PRiE  CETERIS  C^LO,   ET  aUgUstIssIMO  )  _  « 

CaroLo  seXto  pLaCet  CaroLUs.  J  ' 

Emblema  III.   Unguebant  oleo  multos  segros,  et  sanabant 

Mark  vi.    13.      The  engraving  represents  an  angel  administering 

medicine  composed  of  lily  to  a  person  who  is  said  to  be  suffering 

from  the  'stone' ;  this  allusion  to  the  bishop  is  obscurely  figurative — 

CaroLUs  aMorIs  oLeo  InDUratIs  aUferet  noXas,      =     1728 

Emblema  IV.  Venenum  aspidum  insanabile.  Deut.  xxxii.  33. 
The  engraving  represents  two  young  angels  preparing  a  remedy 
against  snake  poison,  from  lilies — 

peCCatI  VenenUM  De  spInosa  eXtIngUet.  =     1728 

Emblema  V.  Introibunt  in  speluncas  petrarum.  Isaiah  ii.  18. 
The  engraving  represents  sheep  in  safe  refuge  on  the  sacred  Mount 
Olympus,  against  the  surrounding  wolves — 

Dente  noCere  oVIbUs  non  VaLet  )  ft 

LUpUs,  pr^sIDe  De  spInosa.  (""     I72* 


1 

i 


SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS  579 

Emblema  VI.  Lupus  ad  vesperam  vastavit  eos.  Jeremiah  v.  6. 
The  engraving  represents  wolves  prowling  about  for  their  prey  at 
night — 

noVUs  pilesUL,  noVas,  si  sInt,  perDe  )  g 

ILfiRETlCORUM   LATEBRAS.  J  ' 

Emblema  VII.  Intrabunt  lupi  rapaces,  non  parcentes  gregi,  .  .  . 
propter  quod  vigilate.  Acts  xx.  29,  31.  The  engraving  represents 
the  watchful  shepherd  and  his  flock — 

ne  LethaLe  DocMa  eXUrgat,  )  Q 

VIgILabIt  prjesUL.  /  -     I?2* 

Emblema  VIII.  Festinavit  in  dolo  pes  meus.  Job  xxxi.  5. 
The  engraving  represents  huntsmen  tracking  the  footsteps  of  the 
wolves  in  the  snow — 

Ut  nIX  proDIt  LUpos,  Ita  CaroLI  )  g 

IntegrItas  proDet  InfIDos.  j         *' 

Emblema  IX.  Bonus  pastor  animam  suam  dat  pro  ovibus  suis. 
John  x.  14,  15.  The  engraving  represents  the  shepherd  attacking  a 
wolf  which  had  endangered  his  flock — 

pro  oVIbUs  VItaM  DabIt  CaroLUs  prjEsUL.  =     1728 

Emblema  X.  Tollebat  arietem  de  medio  gregis  .  .  .  erue- 
bamque  de  ore  eorum.  1  Kings  xviL  34.  The  engraving  represents 
the  shepherd  seizing  a  wolf  and  rescuing  from  his  grasp  a  lamb  taken 
from  the  flock — 

fIDUs  ab  ore  LUpI  serVabIt  CaroLUs  agnUM.        =     1728 

Emblema  XI.  Salvum  fecit  a  pusillanimitate  spiritfls,  et  tern- 
pestate.  Psalm  liv.  9.  The  engraving  represents  a  ship  safe  from 
the  concealed  dangers  of  the  sea,  guided  by  the  Pole-star,  that  star 
being  typical  of  the  bishop — 

CaroLUs  prjEsUL  fIDe  aMbIgUo  sUbVenIet.  =     1728 

Emblema  XII.  Orietur  in  tenebris  lux  tua.  Isaiah  lviiL  10. 
The  engraving  represents  the  ship  approaching  the  wished-for  port  at 
night,  under  the  same  guidance — 

aD  portUM  CaroLUs  LUX  erIt  In  tenebrIs.  =     1728 

Then  follows  an  anagrammatic  gratulation  to  the  bishop.  It  con- 
sists of  a  series  of  anagrams  on  his  name,  de  spinosa,  etc.,  which 
stand  at  the  head  respectively  of  a  series  of  emblematical  verses,  each 
of  which  is  concluded  by  an  allusive  chronogram  thus  (it  is  needless 
to  transcribe  the  verses,  etc.) — 

VoLUntarIa  paUpertas  DItaVIt  CaroLUM.  =     1728 

CaroLUs    De   spInosa   spInas,   et   trIbULos    DeVoratUrUs 
aDest.  =     1728 

antIstes  CaroLUs  MansUetUDIne  poLo  UnItUs,  =     1728 

eX  gratUIto  peCCatorIbUs  MeDebItUr.  =     1728 

CbLeste  DonUM,  prjBsUL  eXpetIVIstI.  =     1728 

De  spInosa  prasUL  aVIas  aD  oVILe  reDUCet  oVes.  ==     1728 

DIU  pasCas,  pr^sUL,  In  qUIete  popULUM.  =     1728 


}■ 


580  SOME  MORE  FLEMISH  BISHOPS. 

A  finishing  poem  concludes  with  this  ( Tripudium ' — 
( Chrono-metra., 
panDIMUs  eXILes  antIstes  CaroLe,  VersUs,  =     1728 

tUos,  freCor,  assUMas,  VenIUnt  hI  CorDe  faVentI.    =     1728 
'  Chronicon.' 
Metra  Data  aCCeptet  eX  Voto  1  _       72g 

aUgUstInIano  antIstes.  J  ' 

THE  fifth  tract  in  my  possession  consists  of  an  address  to  Dominic 
de  Gentis,  the  fifteenth  bishop  of  Antwerp,  on  his  inauguration 
in  1749, 40,  pp.  20.  It  bears  this  title,  'Illustrissimoac  reverendissimo 
Domino  D.  Dominico  de  Gentis  ex  sacro  prsedicatorum  ordine  decimo 
quinto  Antverpiensium  episcopo,  cum  primhm  in  cathedram  suam 
solenniter  introduceretur,  applaudebat  Gymnasium  literarium,  M.  P. 
Augustini  Antverpiense,  mdccxlix.'  A  prose  address  concludes  at 
page  6  with  this  chronogram — 

DoMInICo  gentIs 

antIstItI  eXoptato  ,  _     _„.. 

preCatUr  [~       749 

aUgUstInIana  JUVentUs. 
Then  follows  a  poetical  lament  on  the  death  of  the  preceding 
bishop  Herzelius  (William  de  Herzelles),  and  praising  the  appoint- 
ment of  the  new  bishop,  with  *  Musica,'  and  €  Rhythmus ' ;  followed 
by  a  poetical  *  Apostrophe '  to  the  Empress  Maria  Theresia,  sung  by 
the  Virgilian  characters  Tityrus,  Corydon,  Meliboeus,  Alexis,  and 
Amyntas,  which  is  brought  to  a  conclusion  by  this  '  chronicon ' — 
IMperatrIX  paCIfICa,  DUX  benIgna;  ) 

prospeXIt  In  gentIs  gentI  sILe.  J  749 

An  apostrophe  to  the  then  reigning  pope,  Benedict  xiv.,  next 
follows,  concluding  with  this  '  chronicon ' — 

beneDICtUs  roManUs  pontIfeX  | 

aUstrIaCIs  VotIs,  Utpote  sIbI  gratIs,  >=     1*749 

annUIt.  ) 

The  applause  is  continued  in  similar  form  of c  musica,9  and  recited 
by  Amyntas  and  his  companions,  addressed  to  the  new  bishop,  con- 
cluding at  page  19  with  this  '  chronicon '  (the  last  words  in  the  tract) — 
DoMInICUs  gentIs  noVUs  ] 

epIsCopUs  antVerpIensIs  sUIs  >s=     1749 

sIne  spIna  et  UngUe.  j 

THE  sixth  tract,  consisting  of  16  pages  4°,  is  a  gratulation  on  the 
inauguration  of  Macarius  Simeomo,  abbot  of  St.  Michael's 
Church  at  Antwerp  in  1663.  The  title  is, '  Fausta  gratulatio  in  solemni 
inauguratione  Reverendi  .  .  .  Macarii  Simeomo  s.  t.  l.  Abbatis  cele- 


SOME  FLEMISH  CHURCH  EVENTS 


58i 


bererrimse  ecclesise  sancti  Michaelis  Antverpise  sacri  et  canonici 
ordinis  Premonstratensis  viiL  Aprilis  mdclxiil  Per  Fratres  Novitios 
predicts  ecclesise.'  The  subject  is  expressed  in  Latin  verse  of  varied 
metre,  commencing  thus — 

benIgna  MaCarIo  InsIgnI  pilgsIDI  gratVLatIo.         =  1663 
The  poetry  which  follows  leads  to  this 
Chronica 

CVstoDIt  VIgILans  gregeM1  =  1663 

Carmen  Chronographicum. 
Custodem  *ultisne  Sacrum  p  ^^5^3  Omnes 
^octrin&  *nsignis,  ^utamque  ^iam  *nclyte  **alle* 
*ngenuis  ^argiri  ^rdes :  **e  ^tyx  **enerosum 

^ideat,  ^-xpugnetque  ^regem,  ^-vigilare  ^emento. 

peperIt  VeneranDa  sCIentIa  prsLatVraM  =  1663 

fortIs,  Vt  Mors  DILeCtIo  tVa.     Cant  viii.  6.  =  1663 

e  fortI  egreDIetVr  DVLCeDo  nobIs.    Jud.  xiv.  14.  =  1663 

qVasI  soL  refVLget  In  teMpLo  DeI.     Ecclus.  1.  7.         =  1663 

DILIget  sVos  MaCarIVs.  =  1663 

InfVLA  saCrA  MerIt5  DIgnVs.  =  1663 

VIgILans  CapIas  peDVM;  =  1663 

DoCtrInA,  pIetateqVe  spLenDIDVs.  =  1663 

bbatVs  In  terrIs,  sis  tanDeM  CceLo  beatVs:  =  1663 

gaLLI  VIgILantIaM  In  benIgnItate  ostenDIs  =  1663 

DoCtrIna,  pIetateqVe  obtInes  pr^LatVraM;  =  1663 

pr^LatVrA  CERTfe  DIgnIssIMVs.  as  1663 

MaCarIo  benIgno  abbatI  appLaVDVnt.  =  1663 

InsIgnIsne  tIbI  retVLIt  DoCtrIna  tIaraM?  =  1663 

oMnIn6  retVLIt:  tV  pIa  Dona  Cape.  =  1663 

proposIto  InsIgnI  ManIbVs  Date  LILIa  pLenIs.        =  1663 

iEneidos  vi.  883. 

pro  MerIto  DetVr  InfVLa  saCra  jatrI.  =  1663 

The  following  chronograms  occur  in  connection  with  the  poems 
addressed  to  the  abbot  Macarius — . 

DefICIMVs  eLoqVIo  =  1663 

In  Veras  MaCarII  LaVDes.  =  1663 

InsIgnIs  DoCtrIna  peperIt  tIbI  ,  InfVLaM.  =  1663 

feLIX  MaCarIo  DIes  =  1663 

qV*  InfVLaM  Dat  CapItI.  =  1663 

abbatIaLIs  DIgnItas  MaCarIo  IVre  obtIgIt.  =  1663 

Leo  MItIs  CVstoDIt  oVes  =  1663 

1  The  letters  of  these  words  are  the  initial  letters  of  the  words  which  compose  the  four 
curiously  arranged  hexameters  which  next  follow. 

*  The  abbot  was  probably  a  Frenchman ;  he  is  called  here  '  inclyte  Galle ; '  the  word 
4  gallus,'  a  cock,  alludes  to  his  watchfulness,  and  explains  the  words  *  evigilare  memento'  in  the 
fourth  line.  There  are  many  similar  allusions  throughout  the  poetry,  and  lower  down  in 
the  chronogram. 


582  SOME  FLEMISH  CHURCH  EVENTS. 

In  MaCarIo  Vestra  Latet  beatItVDo  =  1663 

LeonI  DIgno  gregIs  DefensorI  DICant  noVItII.  =  1663 

MaCarIVs  beDIet  V,  saLIgh.  =  1663 

Vt  Leo,  DoCtrIna  fortIssIMVs.  =  1663 

THE  seventh  tract,  consisting  of  48  pages  40,  describes  a  jubilee 
held  at  the  church  of  St  Saviour  at  Antwerp,  in  honour  of 
thirty-six  saints  whose  relics  are  preserved  there.  The  title  is, 
1  Verkondinge  van  het  hondert-jaerig  jubile*  aengaende  de  lofweerdige 
instellinge  van 't  vermaert  Broederschap  der  xxxvi  uytmuntende  Hey- 
ligen,  welckers  geapprobeerde  reliquien  rusten,  en  geeert  worden  in  de 
kerke  der  abdye  van  S.  Salvator,  tot  Antwerpen.'  No  date  is  mentioned, 
but  the  chronograms  give  4th  August  1771.  The  narrative  is  in  the 
Flemish  language.  The  chronograms,  58  in  number,  are  all  in  Latin ; 
they  were  inscribed  among  the  statues  and  other  decorations  at  and 
in  the  church.  There  were  numerous  other  inscriptions  in  Latin  verse, 
which  are  translated  into  Flemish  verse. 

On  Pope  Clement  the  Tenth,  in  gold  letters — 

CLeMens  X  hUJUs  ConfraternItatIs  )  ( 167 1 

InstItUtor  InDULgentIarUM  Dator.  J  ~"     334*  |  1671 

sanCtorUM  LaUDes  eXtoLLIte.  =     1771 

LUstrIs   abhInC   VIgIntI    InsIgnIs   sanCtorUM 
XXXVI  InstItUta  ConfraternItas,  qUorUM 
reLIqUI*  In  sanCtI  saLVatorIs  eCCLesIA         . 
spLenDore  aC  DeVotIone  VeneratIonI  '         53 13 

pUbLICa       eXponUntUr,       qUartA 
aUgUstI  UnanIMI  JUbILat  pIetate. 
On  the  organ  in  the  church — 

aDVenIt  JUBlLiEl  teMpUs:  sanCtIfICate.  =     177 1 

eXULtate  In  DILeCtIs  MIrabILI.  =     1771 

bUCCInIs  tYMpanoqUe  JUbILate  Deo.  =     1771 

In  ChorDIs,  In  Canore  eXUrgIte  aLtIssIMo.  =     17  71 

IngentIs  trIUMphI  DIe  psaLLIte  eXCeLso.  =     17  71 

The  following  are  the  thirty-six  saints ;  their  dates  are  added  from 

other  authorities : — 

On  Saint  Benedict,  abbot,  died  circa  543 — 

sanCto  beneDICto  InsIgnI  sUIs  eXeMpLarI.  =     1771 

On  Saint  Scholastica,  sister  of  Saint  Benedict,  abbess,  542 — 

DIViE  sChoLastICe  VanItatIs  gaUDIa  DetestantL  =     1771 
On  Saint  Placidus,  martyr,  541 — 

sanCto  pLaCIDo  InsIgnIbUs  MerItIs  eXornato.       =     1771 
On  Saint  Gertrude  (there  are  two  of  this  name  in  the  calendar) — 

sanCtjE  gertrUDI  hUMILItatIs  faUtrICI.  =     1771 

On  Saint  Ignatius,  martyr,  108 — 

DIVo  IgnatIo  De  CrUDeLItate  VICtorI.  =     1771 


(1771 

\  mi 
(1771 


SOME  FLEMISH  CHURCH  EVENTS  5*3 

On  Saint  Agatha,  martyr,  251 — 

DIV«  agath^e  trIUMphatrICI  peCULIarI.  as     1 77 1 

On  Saint  Anselm,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  died  11 09— 

DIVo  anseLMo  iNVICTiE  CURiE  antIstItI.  =     1 77 1 

On  Saint  Margaret  of  Cortona,  1297 — 

DIViE  MARGARETHiE  CORTONENSl  CCELESTES  VI AS  InQUIRENTI.=       1 77 1 

On  Saint  Paulinus  of  Nola,  431 — 

DIVo  paULIno  eLebMosYnIs  In  paUperes  pr^CLaro.      =     1771 
On  Saint  Juliana,  probably  the  martyr,  end  of  third  century — 

sanCt/e  JULIana  pIetate  In  DeUM  ILLUstrI.  =     1771 

On  Saint  Bartholomew,  early  Christian  martyr — 

DIVo  barthoLoMao  smVItIm  et  neCIs  VICtorL  =     1771 

On  Saint  Elizabeth  of  Hungary,  1231 — 

DIViE  eLIsabethje  hUngarIOe  Ver^  LIberaLIssIMje.      =     1 77 1 
On  Saint  Josaphat,  bishop  and  martyr — 

sanCto  JosaphatI  eXIMIo  DesertI  CULtorL  =     1771 

On  Saint  Thecla,  martyr,  in  first  century — 

DIViE  theCLa  pcenIs  In  oMnIbUs  INVICTiE.  =     177 1 

On  Saint  Moses,  the  Ethiopian  martyr,  fourth  century — 

sanCto  MoYsI  DeLICta  aUster^:  eXpIantI.  =     17  71 

On  Saint  Felicitas  and  her  seven  sons,  martyrs,  circa  160 — 

DIV*:  feLICItatI  CUM  natIs  oVantI.  =     177 1 

On  Saint  Blasius,  bishop  and  martyr,  304 — 

DIVo  bLasIo  ConstantIaM  In  pcenIs  eXerCentI.  =     1771 

On  Saint  Lutgardis,  abbess,  1246 — 

sanCta  LUtgarDI  ChrIstI  In  aMore  VIVentI.  =     17  71 

On  Saint  Maurus,  abbot,  584 — 

DIVo  MaUro  ContInentIA  aC  sangUIne  nobILI.  =     17  71 

On  Saint  Agnes,  martyr,  305 — 

DIViE  agnetI  DIgno  pUDICItLe  speCULo.  =     1771 

On  Saint  Augustin  of  England,  604 — 

DIVo  aUgUstIno  pr^ConI  InCoMparabILL  =     17  71 

On  Saint  Dorothy,  martyr,  in  the  third  century — 

sanCtje  DoROTHEiE  MartYrI  In  ChrIsto  eXULantI.        =     177 1 
On  Saint  Yvo,  confessor,  1353 — 

sanCto  YVonI  affLICtorUM  aDJUtorL  =     177 1 

On  Saint  Mary  of  Egypt,  '  penitent,'  fifth  century — 

DIViE  MarLe  iEGYpTlACiE  VlTiE  pcenItentIA  iNCLYTiE.     =     1 77 1 
On  Saint  Roch,  active  helper  in  the  plague,  circa  1327  or  1348 — 

DIVo  roCho  pestILentIA  LaborantIUM  opItULatorL     =     177 1 
On  Saint  Elizabeth,  queen  (of  Portugal,  1336  ?) — 

SANCTO  ELISABETHiE  INVICTiE  MaNSUetUDInIs  REGlNiE.      ss       1771 

On  Saint  Adrian,  martyr,  290— 

sanCto  aDrIano  nataLIa  eXCItatIone  trIUMphantI.  =     1771 
On  Saint  Cunera,  martyr,  fifth  century — 

DIViE  CUNERiE  VIrgInI  LeCtIssIMa.  =     177 1 
On  Saint  Giles,  abbot,  end  of  seventh  century — 

sanCto  agIDIo  Magno  abJeCtIs  aUXILIo.  «     1771 


1 


584  SOME  FLEMISH  CHURCH  EVENTS. 

On  Saint  Pelagia  of  Antioch,  '  penitent,1  fifth  century — 

DIViE  PELAGliE  MIrA  pcenItentIA  eXCeLLentI.  =     1771 
On  Saint  Hyacinthus,  confessor,  1257 — 

DIVo  hYaCIntho  Vero  MarL«  CULtorI.  =     177 1 
On  Saint  Christina,  martyr,  circa  300 — 

DIVa  ChrIstIn^e  MIrabILIbUs  EVECTiE.  =     177 1 
On  Saint  Alexius,  confessor,  fourth  century — 

DIVo  aLeXIo  CastItate  PL.AN&  MIrabILI.  =     1771 
On  Saint  Cecilia,  martyr,  220 — 

DIViE  G«CILIjE   MARTYRlo  eXORNATjE.  =       1 77 1 

On  Saint  Catharine  of  Alexandria,  290 — 

SANCra   CATHARlNiE   EXIMIA   FORTItUDInE   GLORlOSiE.    =       1 77 1 

On  Saint  Barbara,  martyr,  circa  306 — 

SANCTiE  BARBARiE   InVICtA   fIDeLItATE   EXIMIiE.  =       1 77 1 

Other  Chronograms. 

ILLa  DIes  VenIt:  festIVas  DICIte  LaUDes  :  =     177 1 

eXIMIas  DlGNk  reLLIqUIas  CoLIte.  =     1771 

eXIMIIs  sanCtIs  pIa  appLaUDe  ConfraternItas.  =     1771 

saCrIs  soLeMnItatIbUs  JUnCta  sInt  gaUDIa.  =     177 1 

eLeCtorUM  VIrtUte  CongaUDete.  =     177 1 

MagnIfICentUr  Vestra,  affLICtI,  sUbsIDIa.  =     177 1 


VereerLYCkt  aLtegaeDer  DIe  WonDerbaere  heYLIgen.    =     1771 
Imprimi  potest  &>c.  .  .  .  Antv.  Z.  Cens. 


1 

j 


SOME  RECENT  CHRONOGRAMS  IN 
ENGLAND. 

HE  art  of  chronogram-making  has  recently  been  practised 
in  England,  as  the  following  good  examples  will 
testify.  This  is  encouraging ;  and  we  are  led  to  hope 
that  this  method  of  expressing  dates  will  become  as 
popular  in  our  time  as  it  was  in  time  past,  and  be 

used  in  some  of  the  ways  which  are  brought  into  notice  by  my 

two  volumes. 

My  friend,  Mr.  Wilshere,  of  the  Frythe,  near  Welwyn,  sends  the 
following,  which  have  been  lately  made  and  used  by  him : — l 

Treble  chronogram  for  a  summer-house  built  for  five-o'clock  tea 
in  1883— 

haC  In  pergVLa  hora  qVInta,  1  =s       88 

teCVM  paVLIsper  seDere  et  renoVare  LVbet.  /  ~"  3 

Freely  rendered — 
at  fIVe  o'CLoCk  aLong  VVIth  Me  )  gg 

rest  here  aWhILe  anD  take  yoVr  tea.  j  3 

Reply. 
a  thoVsanD  thanks! 
Most  VVILLIngLy  }  =     1883 

I'LL  TAKE  A   CVP  OR  TWO   OF  fEA. 

On  a  bench  in  a  summer-house  facing  north-east,  built-in  1884 — 
When  Dog  Days  brIng  theIr  VsVaL  heat,  } 

a  pLeasant  CooL  retreat,  >=     1884 

yoV'LL  fInD  Vpon  thIs  seat.  j 

On  a  wedding  present  (alluding  to  the  name  of  the  bridegroom, 
and  the  family  motto  of  the  bride),  made  in  1884 — 

Deo  IVVante  neCnon  fortVna  CoMItante  )  gg 

Vere  Vestro  VIrente  feLICes  estote.  j  —     x     4 

Freely  translated,  With  God's  help  and  good  fortune^  may  yout  spring- 
time be  happy. 

1  See  page  5,  ante,  another  chronogram  by  him,  and  pp.  7,  8,  37,  68,  of  my  former 
book,  Chronograms,  also  the  title-pages  and  colophons  of  both  volumes, 

4  E 


}■ 


! 


586  CHRONOGRAMS  IN  ENGLAND. 

In  a  mission-room  built  in  1884.    Inscribed  over  a  cross — 
o  saLVator, 
qVI  nos  peCCatores  ,  gg 

pretIoso  tVo  sangVIne  reDIMIstI,  ( "~  4 

propItIVs  aspICe  nos. 
i.e.  O  Saviour,  who  hast  redeemed  us  sinners  by  Thy  precious  blood, 
graciously  look  on  us. 

Above  a  figure  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  in  a  chancel  added  to  a 
mission  chapel  in  1884 — 

o  bone  pastor,  saLVator  MItIs, 

stantes  robora,  reLeVa  Lapsos,  \-=.     1884 

oVes  a  pasCVIs  tVIs  aberrantes  reDVCe. 
i.e.  O  Good  Shepherd,  gentle  Saviour,  strengthen  those  that  stand,  raise 
again  the  fallen,  bring  back  the  sheep  who  are  wandering  from  thy 
pastures. 

On  a  new  wall  to  an  old  churchyard,  built  in  1884 — 
DoMIne  ne  In  fVrore  tVo1 
argVas  nos 
at  tV  parCe  nobIs  peCCatorIbVs 
et  absolve. 
i.e.  O  Lord,  rebuke  us  not  in  Thine  indignation,  but  spare  Thou  us 
sinnets,  and  pardon  us. 


}■ 

blood, 
to  a 

I- 

raise 
i  thy 

}■ 


1884 


The  following  were  sent  to  me  by  the  Rev.  Ernest  Geldart,  who 
made  and  used  them  at  his  church  of  Little  Braxted,  in  Essex : — 
On  the  chancel  gate  (adapted  from  the  Vulgate) — 

oCCVpet  saLVs  oVILIs  MVros  )  fta 

et  portas  eJVs  LaVDatIo.  J  •"     x**4 

On  a  clock  placed  inside  the  church  at  the  west  end  of  the  nave, 
facing  the  altar ;  hence  the  reference  to  '  panis  viatoribus ' — 

Vaga  MVnDI  gLorIa  transIt  et  InanIs,  I  ^ 

eCCe  VIatorIbVs  IesVs  Constat  panIs.  j  ""     Itt  4 

On  the  reredos  under  the  east  window,  of  the  Annunciation — 
nobIs  DatVs  ChrIste  natVs  e  MarIa  VIrgIne,  )  _       R8 

nos  sanastI  nos  LaVastI  a  peCCatIs  sangVIne.  j  ""     x     4 

On  the  rood  beam,  under  the  cross — 

LeX  eCCe  Vera  :  fVLsIt  IesV  LVCe  :  ) 

reX  nVnC  peCCata  :  soLVIt  nostra  CrVCe  :  >  =     1884 

greX  repasCatVr:  ChrIsto  sVo  DVCe.  ) 

Versified  translation. 
Here  finds  the  law  in  Jestts  light  true  reading, 
Now  by  His  Cross  our  King  the  pardon  needing 
Gives,  that  the  flock  may  on  their  Chief  be  feeding. 

1  Psalm  vL  Vulgate  Version. 


CHRONOGRAMS  IN  ENGLAND.  587 

On  the  wall  faced  with  stones  picked  by  children  to  build  the 
north  aisle  of  Little  Braxted  church— 

LoCI  ChrIsto  ConDItores 

/ere  sIne  fragILI, 

LapIDes  hos,  ConVeCtores  1  _      «« 

posVere  parVVLI.  r~     I654 

CONSTENT  ISTl  SENlORES 
BASl  PETRjE  stabILI. 
Versified  translation    given    to  the  school    children  for    their 
edification — 

Here  the  young  ones  of  the  fold, 

Christ,  for  Thee  the  Lord  of  grace, 

Having  none  of  this  world's  gold, 

Gathered  stones  to  build  a  place. 

Rock  of  Ages,  grant  that  they 

Firm  on  Thee  may  stand  for  aye. 


The  writer  of  the  foregoing  five  chronograms  wrote  also  this  one 
on  the  tower  of  Stanford-le-Hope  church,  Essex,  which  had  fallen 
down  and  cracked  the  bells.  The  tower  was  rebuilt  in  1883,  and 
inscribed  thus — 

eCCe  tVrrIs  oLIM  strata,  ) 

Deo,  rVrsVs  eXornata,  >=     1883 

resonantI  VoCe  grata.  ) 

It  was  thought  desirable  that  the  understanding  of  the  parishioners 
of  this  almost  isolated  parish  should  be  helped  by  a  translation  and  a 
legible  date.     The  following  was  prepared  by  the  writer  of  the 
chronogram,  and  inscribed  on  another  side  of  the  tower — 
This  tower  once  down,  to  God  again 
Rebuilded,  rings  with  pleasing  strain. 
1883. 

Another  notice  of  the  chronogram,  with  a  translation,  is  given  at 
page  3  of  this  volume. 


A  clergyman  wrote  some  tracts  on  the  much  controverted  question 
of  '  marriage  with  a  deceased  wife's  sister/  The  profits  accruing 
to  him  therefrom  were  expended  on  the  building  of  a  fernery ;  where- 
upon Mr.  Geldart,  the  author  of  the  foregoing  chronograms,  wrote 
this  one  to  be  inscribed  on  his  friend's  structure — 

o  SOROR 

VIDUI  hoDIe,  ConJUgIsVe  herI 
eXpUgnata  styLoqUe  InterfeCta  i  ftft 

reVIVesCens  ephIaLtes  CLerI  r—     I654 

herbIs  eXorna  fILICIbUsqUe  teCta 

O  SOROR. 


5«8 


CHRONOGRAMS  IN  ENGLAND. 


i.e.  O  Sister!  Wluther  of  the  husband  yesterday \  or  of  the  widower 
to-day  {sister  stilt),  banished  and  killed  indeed  so  far  aspen  could  do  it; 
— since  you  have  cropped  up  again  to  be  a  bugbear  to  the  clergy »,  at  least 
be  useful,  and  ornament  a  cleric's  home  with  plants  and  ferns. 

Another  writer,  also  a  friend  of  the  '  clergyman,'  wrote  a  chrono- 
gram to  be  placed  on  the  solid  wall  of  the  structure,  as  follows — 
My  Late  VVIfe's  sIster  bVILt  thIs  VVaLL 
bVt  I  In  trVth 
neVer  VVeD  any  VVIfe  at  aLL,  ]►=     1884 

nor  Wont  forsooth, 
saIth  J.  e.  V. 

It  must  be  explained  that  the  '  clergyman '  mentioned,  the  writer 
of  the  tracts,  the  builder  of  the  fernery  (whose  initials  are  J.  E.  V.), 
has  never  been  married;  hence  the  paradoxical  treatment  of  the 
subject 


NOTES  ON  BOOKS  NOT  ACCESSIBLE. 


i  N  the  pursuit  of  this  varied  subject,  which  is  now  draw- 
ing towards  its  close,  I  have  become  acquainted  with 
the  titles  of  books  more  or  less  abounding  with  chrono- 
grams, but  which  I  have  been  unable  to  find  in  any 
library,  either  at  home  or  abroad,  whereto  I  have  had 
access.  It  is  fit,  however,  that  even  this  limited  knowledge  of  them 
should  not  be  lost ;  the  opportunity  may  hereafter  occur  to  some  one 
interested  in  the  research  for  placing  on  record  some  further  par- 
ticulars concerning  them.  On  referring  to  page  557  of  Chronograms, 
at  the  conclusion  of  the  chapter  of  bibliography,  there  will  be  seen 
an  extensive  reference  to  the  existence  of  such  books  ;  a  very  few  of 
them  have  since  come  to  light,  but  practically  it  is  a  list  of  books 
still  inaccessible  ;  and  what  is  there  mentioned  may  be  taken  as  an 
appendix  to  what  here  follows. 

Mr.  Henry  Stevens,  F.S.A.,  who  has  devoted  particular  attention 
to  books  concerning  America,  has  the  following  notice  of  a  rare  little 
book  of  chronograms,  in  one  of  the  catalogues  issued  by  him,  entitled, 
'  Bibliotheca  Geographica  et  Historica,  a  catalogue  of  nine  days'  sale 
at  Puttick's.  November  1872.'  (British  Museum,  press-mark,  11905. 
g.  4.)  It  is  interleaved  with  (reduced  size)  photographs  of  very  many 
of  the  title-pages.  We  find  at  page  321,  'No.  2801.  Valentinus 
(Bishop)  a  Christi  nato  Decimi  septimi  Symbola  Eteologica,  ex  Veteri 
et  Novo  Sacrorum  Bibliorum  Testamento  collecta.  8°.  Joh. 
Gorman,  Wittebergae,  1608. — A  rare  little  book  of  chronograms.  An 
exceedingly  curious  volume,  filled  with  ingenious  and, pious  trifling. 
There  is  collected  under  every  year  for  100  years,  from  1600  to  1700, 
a  large  number  of  texts  from  Scripture,  with  the  references  to  chapter 
and  verse  so  printed  that  the  Roman  numerals  will  correctly  express 


S9o  BOOKS  NOT  ACCESSIBLE. 

the  given  year.  For  instance,  under  the  given  year  1620  there  are 
49  texts  to  express  that  year,  for  example — 

DeVs  tWs  est  teCVM.     2  Sam.  xiv.  17.  =     1620 

reX  saLoMon  beneDICtVs.  =     1666 

Drop  the  letter  M=iooo,  and  print  the  word  saLOon,  you  have  666, 
"  the  number  of  the  beast,"  out  of  the  same  text,  with  less  trifling, 
perhaps,  than  it  took  Macaulay  to  derive  the  same  sacred  number 
from  the  House  of  Commons,  by  counting  the  members  and  eight 
officers.  No  doubt  this  industrious  trifling  kept  the  Bishop  out  of 
the  mischief  of  idleness,  a  disease  worse  than  chronogrammatizing.' 

As  I  am  unable  to  meet  with  this  book  in  the  British  Museum  or 
elsewhere,  I  preserve  what  notice  I  can  of  it  by  the  foregoing  amusing 
extract.  Mr.  Stevens  says  that  about  ten  years  ago  he  had  at  Boston, 
in  the  United  States,  a  collection  of  Mexican  books,  many  of  which, 
perhaps  200,  contained  chronograms  on  title-pages  or  otherwise,  also 
squares,  crosses,  labyrinths,  and  other  fanciful  arrangements  of  words. 
The  whole  of  those  books  were  sold  in  America. 

In  another  catalogue  prepared  by  Mr.  Stevens,  'Bibliotheca 
historica,  1870,'  I  find  the  notice  of  another  book  which  must  be  a 
♦great  curiosity.  'Conceptio  Immaculata  Deiparae  Virginis'  (3000 
numerical  anagrams  on  the  plan  of  the  alphabet  caballa),  '  a  Fran- 
cisco de  Sancto  Joanne,  et  Bernedo  Presbytero  Hispano  Capel- 
lano  Capellas  Paulinse  ubi  colitur  S.S.  Imago  B.  Marise  Virginis  a 
S.  Luca  depincta  in  Sacro  Sancta  Basilica  Liberiana  S.  Marise  Majoris 
Romae.  Roma,  1686.'  (The  Basilica  of  S.  Maria  Maggioreat  Rome 
is  called  also  the  Liberian  Basilica.)  I  am  unable  to  obtain  any 
further  knowledge  of  this  work,  which  is  in  some  way  connected  with 
chronograms. 

In  a  foreign  bookseller's  catalogue,  price  10  francs,  '  Applausus  et 
vota  civitatis  Bruxellensis,  in  adventu  Ser.  Princ.  Lotharingiae  Caroli 
Belgii  gubernatoris,  etc.  Bruxelles.  A  de  Vos.'  1748.  40.  Tres 
bel  exempl.  de  cette  pifece  rare,  remplie  de  chronogrammes,  sur 
l'arrive'e  du  prince  Charles  de  Lorraine  i  Bruxelles.'  I  was  unable  to 
obtain  it 

The  four  following  works  have  been  noticed  in  book  catalogues 
and  elsewhere — 

1.  '  Batavia  triumphata :  anno  quo  summus  arbiter  rerum ' 
DeposVIt  potentes  De  seDe  et  eXaLtaVIt  franCos.  =     1672 

2.  ' Ostendana  Francorum  clades,  qua  principe  Joanne  Austriaco 
faciente  per  tredecim  menses, 

CroMVeLIo  Irato  et  DerIso,  =     1658 

MazarIno  A  fLanDrIs  ILLVso,  =     1658 

haves,  pecuniam,  militem,  honorem  et  Flandriae  spem  Anglis  con- 

juncti  amiserunt  Franci.'    8°. 

3.  '  Chronica  chronographica  ab  anno  1600.'  Pp.  vi,  97.  Viennae, 
1665.  4°.  This  is  a  history  of  events  from  1600  to  1665  in  prose, 
all  chronograms,  beginning— 


BOOKS  NOT  ACCESSIBLE.  59* 

1600 
M0D0  Certe  =     1600 

Cara  aDerant  teMpora  sb     1600 

fernanDVs  II.,  eX  stIrIA  \ 

IVngItVr  MarI^e  fILI«  >=     1600 

eX  baVarIa,  etc.  J 

4.  4  Livre  des  Prestres.'  A  tract  of  eleven  leaves,  small  40.  This 
meaningless  sentence  occurs  to  give  a  date  (it  is  in  capital  letters  of 
uniform  size,  but  here  printed  as  a  chronogram) — 

rIXo  CeCI  CVnICVLVM.  =     1478 

This  is  only  noticeable  as  being  somewhat  like  a  supposed  chronogram 
C.  CVCVLVM  VIXI=i382,  mentioned  at  p.  12  of  Chronograms. 

In  the  great  Library  at  Dresden  was  seen  by  my  friend  the  Rev/ 
W.  Begley,  a  very  curious  thin  quarto  pamphlet,  entirely  in  chrono- 
gram.   The  title-page  is  as  follows — 

CVM  Deo  =     1605 

pLe  MeDItatIonIs  eteostICha  =     1605 

per  DIspersas  In  bIbLIIs  gnoMas  eLaborata  =.     1605 

aD  Vota  CoMpetenter  apparata  as     1605 

pro  MVnDo  Laborante  et  anno  Labante  =     1605 

1605 
bresLje  sILEsliE  eMporIo  In  rIpa  oDerje  =     1605 

De  prjeLo  et  Labore  baVManno  =     1605 

anno  ChrIstI  DoMInI  nostrI.  =     1605 

hoDIe  MIhI  Cras  tIbI.  =     1605 

aCh.  heVte  roth  Morgen  toDt.  =     1605 

Then  begins  a  series  of  sentences,  proverbs,  and  meditations, 
chiefly  in  Biblical  language,  extending  to  167  chronograms  in  all. 
Towards  the  end  the  name  of  the  author  is  brought  in,  and  proves  to 
be  Jacobus  Berelius  k  Mielowitz.  The  pamphlet  has  no  indication  of 
place  or  printer  except  in  the  above  chronogram. 

There  are  two  tracts  in  the  great  Dresden  Library  by  Chr.  Faustus, 
both  entirely  chronogrammatic — 

1.  *  Durus  et  Minax  Cometse  cauda,'  etc.    Budissinae,  1618.     40. 

2.  '  Eteosticha  votiva.'    Budissinae,  1602.     4V 

In  the  University  Library  at  Li£ge  there  is  a  modern  work,  '  Eligia 
chronodisticha.'  L.  J.  Caris.  Leodii,  1846,  8.  I  have  no  particulars 
of  its  contents;  I  cannot  procure  a  copy  of  it  Also  the  two 
following — 

'  Metamorphosis  Angelica  Mariana  in  ter  mille  figuras  transformata 
qVaM  brVgIs  eXhIbVIt  JVLeVs  De  Cesar  XI  aVgVstI'=  1711 
a  remarkable  assemblage  of  anagrams  on  the  '  Ave  Maria,  etc.,'  men- 
tioned in  Le  Bibliophile  Beige,  1845,  vol.  i.  p.  200  (British  Museum 
Library).  At  p.  145  of  the  same  volume  another  remarkable  work 
is  mentioned,  as  follows — 

'Poemata,  chronometra  anagrarnmata,  epigrammata,  et  alia  his 
affinita.     In  monte  Parnasso.'    No  date  or  place.    8°.    Pp.  292. 


592  BOOKS  NOT  ACCESSIBLE. 

By  a  monk  of  Ninove,  by  name  Van  Halen.  Printed,  1784.  There 
are  chronograms  in  Dutch  and  Latin,  many  pages  long,  composed  of 
words  avoiding  the  higher  numeral  letters,  mdcl, 

Both  of  these  works  are  specially  mentioned  in  Chronograms, 
p.  408.    I  have  never  met  with  either. 

Joannes  Rudolphus  Sporck,  the  author  of -a  work  mentioned  at 
p.  427,  ante.  It  is  to  be  inferred  therefrom  that  he  wrote  two  other 
chronogrammatic  works,  about  which  I  can  find  no  particulars. 
Ibid.  p.  428. 

Michael  Winepaher,  the  author  of  the  Calendar  mentioned  at 
p.  410,  ante,  is  believed  also  to  have  written  chronogrammatic  works 
for  the  years  1724  and  1727,  and  printed  at  Salzburg  (?).  I  have  not 
been  able  to  find  them. 

Andreas  Streithagen  is  catalogued  as  the  author  of  a  work  entitled 
1  Chronodisticha*  in  1635. 

J.  B.  Waseige  wrote  'Leopoldus  Austriacus,  etc,'  circa  1640, 
probably  a  chronogrammatic  work. 

The  author  of  'Decas  Mariana,'  mentioned  in  Chronograms, 
p.  441,  wrote  also  '  Decas  anagrammatum  metrica  arte  elaboratorum, 
illustrissirao  honori  Sereniano  sacra.  Vetero-Pragae,  1680';  also 
'  Decas  sacrorum  anagrammatum  e  sacris  programmatis  utpote  sacris 
hymnis,  textibusque  sacris,  metrico  labore  concinnatorum.  Vetero- 
Pragae,  1672.'  I  have  ascertained  that  a  volume  in  the  University 
Library  at  Prague  contains  the  three  works,  with  this  chronogram-  • 
made  title-page,  giving  the  date  1672  six  times  repeated— 

Anagrammata  Sacra,  metrico  labore  concinnata,  VrbI  neo- 
pragensI  pVLVere  generosI  MartIs  InsIgnIter  DeCorjE  ;  I 
a  CaroLo  IV  IMperatore  fVnDatve  et  EXoRNATiE,  |  VarIIs 
Dotata  et  aVCta  IMperIaLIbVs  gratIIs;  |  VIrIs  erVDItIs, 
arMaqVe  traCtare  perItIs  fLorentI;  |  fortIter  stantI 
aDVersVs  teLa  sVeCorVM  ;  generoso  |  In  hostILes  aCIes 
arDore  perstantI  nVtantIbVs  In  regno  prope  oMnIbVs. 

'  Vota  chronographica  quae  sub  inauguratione  Must1  et  Rev1  D.  D. 
Henrici  van  Halmale  xi  Yprensium  episcopi  .  .  .  offerebat  ex  voto 
Daniel  Franciscus  de  Maeyer,' — pp.  n — Antwerp,  1672-4,  is  the  title 
of  a  tract  containing  240  lines  of  elegiac  verse,  each  giving  in  chrono- 
gram the  date  1672.    This  is  in  the  Brussels  Library. 

'Vita  Sanctissimi  Confessoris  et  Pontificis  Huberti,  pp.  x,  68. 
Brussels,  1 730-4/  Preface  signed  P.  Willemaers,  Pastor  in  Viera 
Ducum,  contains  many  rhyming  chronograms  in  Latin,  introduced 
into  the  text  and  appropriate  to  the  subject  discussed.  This  is  also 
in  the  Brussels  Library. 

'  Liber  Eteostichorum,'  by  Joseph  k  Pinu,  is  quoted  by  the  epigram 
and  chronogram  writer  Nicolas  Reusner  in  1590.  The  work  contains 
a  great  many  chronograms.  I  have  never  met  with  a  copy  of  it,  and 
search  for  it  in  foreign  libraries  has  hitherto  been  unsuccessful. 


HEBREW  CHRONOGRAMS. 

I  HIS  chapter  will  comprise  the  examples  of  Hebrew 
chronograms  which  I  have  already  given  in  Chrono- 
grantSy  pp.  542-545,  incorporated  with  many  additional 
ones  brought  to  my  notice  by  Dr.  Christian  D.  Ginsburg, 
LL.D.  Without  his  assistance  I  could  not  have  under- 
taken to  explain  and  illustrate  in  any  way  this  very  interesting 
branch  of  research.  The  antiquity  of  Hebrew  chronograms  remains 
undoubted,  while  the  extent  of  their  use  has  not  yet  been  approxi- 
mately ascertained.  Existing  manuscripts  in  that  language  carry 
back  the  time  of  their  use  to  an  earlier  period  than  I  have  yet  found 
them  in  the  Latin  language ;  but  even  then  it  cannot  be  said  that 
we  have  reached  their  origin.  I  give  one  example  which  makes  the 
date  a.d.  1208.  Printing  by  the  means  of  moveable  types  was 
known  circa  1450.  Whatever  may  be  the  earliest  date  of  printing  in 
Hebrew  types,  I  am  enabled  to  give  examples  of  chronograms  on 
the  titles  of  Hebrew  printed  books  as  early  as  1492,  and  it  is  pro- 
bable that  they  are  not  the  earliest.  That  method  of  dating  such 
books  is  continued  down  to  the  present  day,  and  it  is  unlikely  that 
it  will  yet  go  out  of  favour. 

The  use  of  numeral  letters  by  Hebrew  writers  is  not  confined  to 
the  expression  of  dates.  It  runs  imperceptibly  into  a  form  like 
acrostics  or  anagrams,  which  were  supposed  to  strengthen  by  a  hidden 
meaning  the  exposition  of  passages  in  the  Hebrew  Scriptures.  It 
must  be  remembered  that  all  the  letters  of  that  alphabet  have  a 
numerical  power,  and  that  in  a  chronogram  constructed  by  them, 
only  certain  words  of  a  sentence  contain  the  date  (except  where 
the  date  is  contained  in  one  word),  and  these  words  or  the  letters 
thereof  are  found  to  be  printed  in  larger  characters  to  mark  the  date, 

4f 


594  HEBREW  CHRONOGRAMS. 

while  the  whole  sentence,  or  the  sentiment  conveyed  by  it,  is  appro- 
priate to  the  subject,  and  derives  some  of  its  special  point  from  the 
meaning  of  the  date-words.  The  difference  between  Hebrew  and 
Latin  chronograms  will  be  obvious.  This  chapter  does  not  extend 
to  Arabic,  Persian,  or  other  chronograms,  which  are  more  strictly 
speaking  of  Oriental  origin. 

The  value  of  the  Hebrew  letters  as  numerals  is  as  follows : — 
n  r  i   p  p  fic  ji    DpoD^ia'DnrinijnK 

400    300   aoo  100     90        807060      50       40       30      ao     10     98765      43a       x 

The  following  explanation  of  Hebrew  chronology  is  adapted  from  Dr. 
Ginsburg's  Life  of  Levita,1  page  3 : — 

1  To  understand  the  dates  mentioned,  it  is  necessary  to  remark  that  the 
Israelites  reckon  from  the  creation  of  the  world,  and  that  their  chronology  is 
about  244  years  shorter  than  ours.  Thus,  for  instance,  whilst  the  year  1882  a.d. 
is  with  us  5886  a.m.,  it  is  with  the  Jews  5643  a.m.  Moreover,  it  is  to  be 
noted  that  in  Hebrew  mss.,  as  well  as  in  printed  books,  two  modes  are 
adopted  of  expressing  the  date.     The  one  is  by  writing  the  full  numbering : 

that  is,  5643  a.m.=  1882  A.D.,  which  is  called  the  great  ox  full  era  (iru  DTfc) ; 
and  the  other  is  by  omitting  the  thousands,  and  leaving  them  to  be  under- 
stood, as  643,  instead  of  5643,  which  is  called  the  short  era  (pp  &\sb, 
abbreviated  p"tb),  and  which  is  more  generally  used  for  the  sake  of  brevity.' 

The  reader  will  find  information  on  Hebrew  chronology  in  the  Handy 
Book  quoted  at  p.  538,  ante ;  also  in  a  work,  '  Essays  on  Indian  Antiquities, 
etc.,  by  the  late  James  Prinsep,  edited  by  Edward  Thomas,  2  vols.  1858.' 
At  vol  ii.  second  part,  p.  138,  it  is  observed,  'The  Jews  date  from  the 
Creation,  which  they  consider  to  have  been  3760  years  and  3  months  before 
the  commencement  of  our  era.  Their  year  is  luni-solar,  consisting  of  either 
12  or  13  months,  and  each  month  of  29  or  30  days.  To  reduce  the  Jewish 
time  to  ours,  subtract  3761,  and  the  remainder  will  show  the  year.' 

The  Hebrew  chronograms  which  follow  have  been  interpreted  into  their 
equivalent  dates  of  the  Christian  era. 

To  begin  with  the  manuscripts,  which  were  somewhat  sparingly  dated, 
the  '  Codex  Kennicott  89/  which  was  written  by  Jacob  Ha-Levi,  has  the 
subscription  in  the  year  mmn,  i.e.  The  Law =a.d.  1208.     So  again   the 

'Codex  De  Rossi,  826/  is  dated  D^J^KUn,  it.  The  Redeemer  for  ever= 
a.d.  1280. 

The  copy  of  the  Pentateuch,  by  R.  Meier,  which  is  bound  up  with 
the  celebrated  Ay  in  Ha-Kore  of  R.  Jekuthiel  (Additional  ms.  19,776, 
British  Museum),  has  the  chronogram  date  on  folio  117a  as  follows — 
npTCl  ?TaBn  rnfin.BBPDa  WJJ  TUP  in  the  year  'Zion  shall  be  redeemed  with 

judgment,  and  her  converts  with  righteousness*  (Isa.  i.  27)=  156,  or  a.d.  1396. 

1  Massoreth  Ha-Massoreth  of  Elias  Levita,  Hebrew,  with  an  English  translation  and 
critical  notes,  by  Christian  D.  Ginsburg,  LL.D.    Longmans,  etc,  1867. 


HEBREW  CHRONOGRAMS.  595 

The  Five  Megilloth  and  the  Perecopes,  which  form  the  second  part  of  this 
manuscript,  has  the  following  chronogram  on  folio  169  b — 

*n  wn  m*6  $$  n  dm  ,tnro  m  win  ,oib5>  nja  •pn1'  «i>  ^  nnw  ,p?nmi  prn 

^MIDft  B?B,  Be  of  good  courage,  Simcha  Levi  shall  not  be  hurt.  He  formed 
it  in  the  era  this  Pentateuch  was  written,  *  Thou  shall  compass  me  about 
with  songs  of  deliverance'  (Ps.  xxxii.  7).  In  this  chronogram,  the  two  letters 
Nun  and  He  of  the  triliteral  J-|}3,  he  formed,  gives  the  date,  i.e.  55  = 
1295  A.P. 

After  the  invention  of  printing  from  moveable  types  {circa  1450),  and  as 
the  use  of  printing  advanced,  chronogrammatic  dating  became  more 
frequent  Thus  the  edition  of  Proverbs  with  the  Chaldee  paraphrase  and 
the  commentaries  of  Levi  b.  Gershon  and  Menachem  Meieri,  which  appeared 
at  Lierre  in  Flanders  in  1492,  is  dated,  ftyft  P*¥  1K^  JW,  In  the  year  'And 
they  shall  come  to  Zion  with  songs'  (Isaiah  xxxv.  10),  i.e.  5252  =  1492.  So 
also  the  beautiful  edition  of  the  Prophets  Isaiah  and  Jeremiah,  with  the  com- 
mentary of  Kimchi,  which  was  printed  at  Lisbon  in  the  same  year,  is  dated, 

rrwn  ty)B{>  j-fl-Q  K3*  K3  rOBa,  /.*.  In  the  year  of  the  creation,  'He  shall 
doubtless  come  again  with  rejoicing7  (Ps.  cxxvi.  6),  i.e.  5252  =  1492. 

The  Hebrew  Bible,  with  points,  printed  at  Brescia  in  1494  (this  edition), 

has  the  chronogram  ""H}  tibsb  T\W,  In  the  year  *  to  accomplish  a  vow ' 
(Levit  xxii.  21),  i.e.  254=1494.  This  edition  is  a  very  interesting  one, 
from  the  circumstance  of  its  having  been  used  by  Luther  when  he  made  his 
translation  of  the  Bible. 

The  Machzor  or  Festival  Prayers  of  the  German  Jews,  printed  at  Augsburg 
in  1536,  has  the  chronogram — 

In  the  year,  *  1 will accept  you  with  your  sweet  savour'  (Ezekiel  xx.  41), 
ue.  296,  296=1536. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  chronogram  date  is  here  given  twice.  First,  in 
the  words  nm  m3,  with  your  sweet  savour,  which  exhibit  the  year- 296; 
and  in  the  word  nyiK,  I  will  accept  you,  the  numerical  value  of  which  is  also 
296.  This  magnificent  copy  (British  Museum,  press-mark  197 1.  f.  1.) 
is  printed  on  vellum.  The  anti-Christian  passages,  which  were  omitted 
in  different  parts  of  the  book  during  the  printing  by  the  order  of  the 
censor,  are  here  so  beautifully  written  in  the  blank  sj&ces  in  the 
letters  of  the  excised  type,  that  it  is  difficult  to  say  whether-they" 
or  printed. 

The  Commentary  on  the  Pentateuch,  by  Shem-Tob  ben  Jacob  Melammed, 
which  was  printed  at  Venice,  1596  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1964.  e.  2.), 
has  the  chronogram — 

mw  nnoew  plMIJ1!  n^3 

In  the  year,  '  That  we  may  rejoice  and  be  glad'  (Psalm  xc.  14)  0/  the 
creation;  i.e.  5356=IS96- 

The  first  translation  of  the  Old  Testament  into  Judaeo-German  (British 
Museum,  press-mark  1900.  d.  4),  made  by  Jekuthiel  ben  Isaac  Blitz  at  the 
expense  of  the  celebrated  Uri  Sebes  Levi,  printer  at  Amsterdam,  and  grand- 


596  HEBREW  CHRONOGRAMS. 

son  of  the  head  of  the  Maranite  community  in  that  city,  has  the  chrono- 

1  J/y  doctrine  shall  drop  down  as  the  rain,  my  speech  shall  distil  as  the  dew  ' 
(Deut.  xxxii.  2),  i.e.  439  =  1678-9. 

As  time  went  on,  the  practice  of  thus  dating  Hebrew  printed  books 
increased,  and  came  to  be  extensively  adopted,  especially  by  the  Dutch 
printers.    The  following  are  some  examples —  c 

Buxtorfs  Bible,  Basel,  1618-19,  is  dated  "fa  lp"&  pTV?  p  '  Behold,  a 
king  shall  reign  in  righteousness '  (Isaiah  xxxii.  1). 

Bible,  Amsterdam,  1676-78,  is  dated  ^^  tofi  '  Shall  distil  as  the  dew ' 
(Deut  xxxii.  2). 

Bible,  Amsterdam,  1687,  is  dated  t|DV  WVcb  nngpn  '  Let  it  come  upon 
the  head  of  Joseph '  (Deut.  xxxiii.  16). 

The  Pentateuch^  with  the  Chaldee  paraphrase  and  '  Rashi,'  Dykenfurth, 

1784,  is  dated  *rnv  ^Ptf  ^IJVl  *B  Sff    €  According  to  the  sentence  of  the  law 
which  they  shall  teach  thee*  (Deut  xviL  11). 

Chronograms  in  the  Hebrew  language  had  now  attained  a  high  state  of 
development,  and  acquired  that  extensive  use  which  has  been  maintained 
down  to  the  present  time,  while  their  use  was  being  abandoned  by  authors 
and  printers  of  books  in  other  languages  used  in  Europe.  Moreover  they 
present  to  us  many  remarkable  peculiarities.  Thus  for  instance  when  the 
letters,  as  simple  letters,  of  the  Hebrew  alphabet  are  used  to  express  a  date, 
combinations  are  avoided  which  produce  words  suggesting  an  unpleasant 
meaning,  such  as  njn  «k7=275,  or  tP13  shame =$08,  or  other  words  which 
would  signify  a  curse  or  an  imprecation,  or  the  mention  of  any  member  of 
the  body  not  usually  spoken  of. 

The  more  elaborate  form  however  was  preferred,  that  of  the  true  chrono- 
gram or  date-sentence,  and  in  this  certain  peculiarities  are  found  which  are 
absent  from  the  chronograms  in  the  Latin  or  other  Western  languages.  The 
earlier  Hebrew  chronograms  consisted  generally  of  one  or  two  words  selected 
for  their  agreeable  suggestions,  or  their  joyous  import  Thus  the  words 
nai,  T\T)2,  W)  to  rejoice,  occur  frequently  in  the  dates  of  Venetian  printed 
books  of  the  sixteenth  century.  Later  on,  the  chronogram  expanded  into  a 
whole  sentence  from  the  Bible,  of  which  some  of  the  foregoing  dates  are 
examples. 

As  a  further  illustration,  and  as  exhibiting  a  singularly  elaborate  form, 
may  be  noticed  the  date  given  by  Samuel  Schotten  of  his  work  entitled 
Kos  Ha-yeshuoth,  which  appeared  at  Frankfort-on-the-Main  in  171 1,  as 
follows : — 

row  riM  *bwi  t|i>K3  ,?WWS  npi  9nwbov  p^  p*v  ,nman  rut?  yrb  romm 
JHHXWV1  D13  ^D  d^w  ,nirnea  »b  *a  matt  w  u  new*  nv»  ,wrn 

i.e.  Whoso  desireth  to  know  the  year  of  creation  let  him  pour  out  the  fulness  of 
t/ie  cup  (i.e.  let  him  remove  the  '  Vau  plenef  and  count  the  numerical  value  of 


HEBRE  W  CHRONOGRAMS.  597 

the  word  DD  '  cup '  as  M=8o)  and  Id  him  seek  for  help  (n]W*=39i,  together 
471)  in  the  sixth  thousandth  year.  So  many  revolutions  has  the  sun  made,  or 
according  to  the  moderns  the  earth  has  made  them.  On  Shebat  19  the  pages 
were  fully  printed  ;  and  on  the  day  of  the  week  respecting  which  it  is  twice  said 
1  It  is  good/  the  book  Kos  Ha-ycshuoth  was  printed  off.  Accordingly  the  work 
was  finished  on  Tuesday,  Shebat  19,  47i=a.d.  171  i.  This  book  is  a 
commentary  on  several  treatises  on  the  Talmud.  The  copy  in  the  British 
Museum  has  the  press-mark  191 5.  c  10.  The  foregoing  Hebrew  sentence 
forms  part  of  the  title  to  the  book,  and  at  the  same  time  contains  the  words 
which  compose  the  date. 

It  is  to  be  remarked  that  instead  of  giving  the  names  of  the  days  of  the 
week  by  numbers,  i.e.  First  day,  second  day,  third  day,  etc,  it  is  frequently 
given  in  abbreviations,  viz.  : — for  Friday,  p"\ty  BHp  MP  my,  the  day  of  pre- 
paration for  the  holy  Sabbath  ;  for  Tuesday,  the  day  on  which  it  is  twice  said 
*  good'  (compare  Gen.  i.  10,  12).  According  to  very  ancient  custom, 
and  in  recognition  of  the  solemn  import  of  this  particular  use  of  the  word 
'good/  authors  were  careful  to  begin  and  finish  their  works  on  Tuesday, 
which  day  they  held  to  be  especially  lucky,  because  it  was  twice  pronounced 
good,  and  being  influenced  also  by  the  same  respect  for  the  word  '  good,' 
they  avoided  Monday,  because  the  phrase  '  and  it  was  good,'  is  not  used  with 
regard  to  it. 

The  Super-commentary  on  Abraham  Ibn  Ezra's  commentary  on  the 
Pentateuch  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1907.  e.  5.),  which  was  printed  in 
Amsterdam  in  1 721,  has  a  double  chronogram,  one  on  the  title-page,  and  the 
other  at  the  end  of  the  book.    The  first  chronogram  is  as  follows  : — 

1  And  the  Lord  blessed  Abraham  in  all  things'  (Genesis  xxiv.  1),  i.e.  482 
=  1721.  Here  not  only  is  the  date  given  when  the  work  was  printed,  but 
also  includes  the  name  of  the  author,  viz.,  Abraham. 

The  second  chronogram,  which  is  at  the  end  of  the  book,  is  as  follows  : — 

*«fc)  '■nfli  ton  njnro  gfei  ansta  Yioi>  t&wi  on 

Finished  in  the  year,  '  Is  it  not  a  little  one  9  and  my  soul  shall  live ' 
(Genesis  xix.  20).  Here  too  the  chronogram  not  only  gives  the  date,  but 
describes  the  modesty  of  the  work  ('  a  little  one '),  and  expresses  a  hope  that 
the  memory  of  the  editor  may  contmue  to  live. 

The  chronograms  which  now  follow  are  those  of  the  present  century. 

The  Hebrew  Scriptures  with  a  Judaeo-Spanish  translation,  published  at 
Vienna  1813-16,  in  "four  volumes  (British  Museum,  press-mark  1900.  c  7.), 
is  remarkable  for  the  different  chronograms  which  accompany  not  only  each 
volume,  but  every  separate  volume  of  the  Pentateuch,  thus — 

Vol.  L,  which  was  printed  in  1813,  and  contains  the  Pentateuch,  has  no  less 
than  five  different  chronograms  for  that  volume  alone,  to  express  the  same  date. 

Genesis,  which  was  printed  in  1813,  has  the  chronogram — 

D*n  upB  yso  o  w 

In  the  year,  'For  with  thee  is  the  fountain  of  life  *  (Psalm  xxxiii.  10),  i.e. 
574=1813. 


598  HEBREW  CHRONOGRAMS. 

Exodus,  printed  in  the  same  year,  has  the  chronogram — 

In  the  year, '  The  mouth  of  the  righteous  man  is  a  well  of  life '  (Prov.  x.  1 1 ), 
i.e.  574=i8i3- 

Leviticus,  printed  in  the  same  year,  has  the  chronogram — 

i.e.  In  the  year,  'The  fear of the  Lord  is  a  fountain  of life*  (Prov.  xiv.  27), 
Le.  574=1813. 

Numbers,  also  printed  in  the  same  year,  has  the  chronogram— 
D"H  -npD  oan  rroft  ror 

In  the  year  1  'T/ie  law  of  the  wise  is  a  fountain  of  life '  "(Prov.  xiii.  14),  Le. 
574=1813. 

Deuteronomy,  which  was  also  printed  in  the  same  year,  has  the  chrono- 
gram— 

rifl«  ?3gf  Q"p|  TlPB 

'  Understanding  is  a  well-spring  of  life  unto  him  that  hath  it y  (Prov.  xvi.  22), 
i.e.  574=1813. 

Vol.  ii.,  which  contains  the  earlier  prophets,  *.;.  Joshua,  Judges,  Samuel, 
and  Kings,  and  which  was  printed  in  1814,  has  the  chronogram — 

vb&  Tiffin  new  n*m  ror 
In  the  year,  'And  the  work  of  righteousness  shall  be  peace '  (Isa.  xxxii.  17}, 

*•*•  S75  =  I8'4- 

Vol  iii.,  which  contains  the  later  prophets,  i.e.  Isaiah,  Jeremiah,  Ezekiel, 
and  the  twelve  minor  prophets,  and  which  was  printed  in  1815,  has  the 
chronogram — 

In  the  year,  '  Open  ye  the  gates,  that  the  righteous  nation  which  keepeth  the 
truth  may  enter  in '  (Isaiah  xxvi.  2),  i.e.  575  =  1814-15. 

Vol.  iv.,  which  contains  the  Hagiographa,  i.e.  Psalms,  Proverbs,  Job,  the 
five  Megilloth,  Daniel,  Ezra,  Nehemiah,  and  Chronicles,  and  which  was 
printed  in  181 6,  has  the  chronogram — 

In  the  year,  'Depart  from  evil  and  do  good*  (Psalm  xxxiv.  15),  /.*.  576= 
1 8 16. 

A  recent  chronogram  on  the  title-page  of  a  book  is  seen  on  the  two  parts 
of  Rabbi  Jacob  Saphir's  travels  in  Egypt,  Arabia,  Jemen,  etc.,  which  were 
respectively  published  at  Lyck  in  1866,  and  Mayence  in  1874 — 

v&  srpo\  *T\  row 

In  the  year,  '  Sing  and  rejoice'  (Zech.  ii.  14),  i.e.  624=1866. 
And  , 

In  the  year,  'Blessed  shall  thou  be*  (Deut  xxviii.  3),  i.e.  634=1874. 
There  is  one  remark  to  be  made  about  Hebrew  chronograms,  and  it 
applies  equally  to  all  others  which  are  built  up  from  an  alphabet  wherein  all 


HEBRE  W  CHRONOGRAMS,  599 

the  letters  are  numerals,  such  as  the  Greek  and  Arabic,  and  where  the  date- 
letters  are  contained  in  only  one  or  two  words  in  a  long  sentence.  A 
chronogram  so  composed,  being  printed  or  inscribed  erroneously,  by  the 
intended  date-letters  being  made  small  instead  of  large,  an  observer  could 
not  rectify  it  without  some  independent  clue  to  the  date ;  the  sentence 
would  contain  more  than  enough  letters,  and  a  selection  from  them  for  the 
purpose  of  correction  would,  to  say  the  least,  produce  an  uncertain  result 
This  imperfection  is  absent  from  a  chronogram  composed  with  the  ordinary 
Roman  numeral  letters,  and  it  can  be  seen  at  a  glance  almost  whether  it  be 
correctly  written,  and  any  numeral  letter  therein  made  small  may  be  regarded 
as  an  error  obviously  to  be  rectified.  A  forcible  illustration  is  seen  in  the 
case  of  chronograms  printed  entirely  in  small  letters,  as  those  at  page  512, 
ante,  and  569,  570,  571,  all  in  this  volume.  Those  are  easily  made  to  dis- 
close the  date  by  writing  large  all  the  letters  which  are  Roman  numerals. 

The  intimate  connection  between  chronograms,  anagrams,  and  acrostics 
has  already  been  noticed,  and  the  pages  of  this  volume  alone  afford  abund- 
ance of  examples;1  it  has  also  been  remarked  that  it  is  not  safe  to  rely  on 
them  for  support  to  any  religious  dogma.  The  chapter  on  the  ( Angelic 
salutation,'  commencing  at  page  482  ante,  and  the  Rosary  at  page  442  ante, 
also  the  chapter  which  next  follows  on  the  mystic  number  666,  may  be 
referred  to,  especially  the  remark  at  page  504.  It  is  certain  that  the  letters 
forming  the  dates  of  chronograms  and  the  words  of  anagrams  are  capable 
of  being  used  for  a  double  purpose,  one  by  the  supporters  of  a  dogma  to  give 
force  or  even  proof  of  the  validity  of  its  teaching,  the  other  by  the  opponents 
to  uphold  an  entirely  opposite  doctrine.  I  now  give  a  striking  illustration  of 
this  fact  from  the  mode  in  which  it  has  been  used  in  controversy  with  the 
Jews,  by  means  of  an  acrostical  application  of  initial  letters. 

'  No  less  a  person  than  the  celebrated  Reuchlin,  who  lived  1455  to  1522, 
would  have  it  that  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity  is  to  be  found  in  the  first  verse 
of  Genesis.-  He  submits,  if  the  second  Hebrew  word  fcOl,  which  is  translated 
created^  be  examined,  and  if  each  of  the  three  letters  composing  this  word  be 
taken  as  the  initial  of  a  separate  word,  we  obtain  the  expressions  3K  mi  p, 
Son,  Spirit,  Father.  Upon  the  same  principle  this  erudite  scholar  deduces 
the  first  two  Persons  in  the  Trinity  from  the  words,  '  The  stone  which  the 
builders  refused  is  become  the  head  stone  of  the  corner'  (Psalm  cxviii.  22), 
by  dividing  the  three  letters  composing  the  word  pK,  stone,  into  p  2H, 
Father,  Son.  (Comp.  De  Verbo  mirifico,  Basel,  1494.  British  Museum, 
press-mark  3834.  bb.  1-2.)  Such  proofs,  however,  of  the  doctrine  of  the 
Trinity  bring  no  honour  to  our  religion,  and  in  the  present  day  argue  badly 
both  against  him  who  adduces  them  and  against  him  who  is  convinced  by 
them,  since  the  sentences  extorted  from  the  texts  by  this  process  depend 
upon  the  skill  and  ingenuity  of  the  respective  combatants.  And  it  must  be 
confessed  that  owing  to  their  better  knowledge  of  the  Hebrew,  and  their 
greater  facility  in  composing  sentences  in  this  language,  the  Jews  in  such 
arguments  contrived  to  silence  their  Christian  opponents,  as  may  be  seen 

1  See  also  p.  458  of  Chronograms,  the  chapter  on  'Conceptus  Chronographicus.' 


600  HEBRE  W  CHRONOGRAMS. 

from  the  following  fact  At  the  end  of  the  celebrated  polemical  work  against 
Christianity,  entitled  'The  Fortification  of  Faith '  (njlDK  pirn),  we  are  told  as 
follows : — 

*a  non  namm  rbnnm  run  ,-idki  pp  to»  aipjr*  mam  jom  "6  'k  nsu  pra 
ii>  anwi  Kim  . . .  /np  jneoi)  nt  own  k-u  ni tok  »a  ,npn  nni  pi  m  Kin  dv6k 
dstuidk  TO  Kinrr  pioon  b«  main  *mk  run  i5>*o  ow6  poKr6  mro  dk  ntxei 
rmoa-Dnron  5>kib*  nnagf  ruo^  b*c*i  ^a 
*nn=»  notf  wi*i  wj 

D*r6«=  wk£  w*  n%pi  *6  ™5>K 

rw=  vnhn  b»k 

o*DPn«  tj^j  ie*  nn*£  yo&  airi 

r\*n=  rv$  m^  dij{  niD^i 

'  /.*.  ^  Christian  said  to  R.  Nachtnan,  called  Jacob  of  Belt,  It  is  acros- 
tically  indicated  in  the  very  beginning  of  your  Pentateuch  that  God  consists 
of  Father,  Son,  and  Holy  Ghost,  for  the  letters  of  the  word  K13,  he  created 
(Gen.  i.  i),  contain  this  indication.  To  this  he  replied,  If  thou  believest  in 
such  acrostic  indication,  I  will  show  thee  that  this  very  verse  is  against  your 
religion,  for  I  read  it  thus — 

•  Son  of  the  first  religion,  faithful  remnant  of  Israel 

Ye  searchers  after  truth,  hearken  / 

Jesus  born  of  a  woman  was  no  God, 

He  was  human  by  his  birth, 

As  is  shown  by  his  ignominious  death. 

Can  God  be  crucified? 

Does  the  Pure  Spirit  die  like  men  ? ' 
This  remarkable  instance  is  taken  from  'The  Kabbalah,  its  doctrines, 
development,  and  literature,9  by  Christian  D.   Ginsburg,   LL.D.,  second 
edition,  not  yet  published.     Dr.  Ginsburg  has  allowed  me  to  copy  the  above 
from  the  ms.  of  the  forthcoming  edition. 

A  little  explanation  is  needful.  On  the  left  hand  the  Hebrew  words  of 
the  first  verse  of  the  book  of  Genesis  are  printed  in  a  column,  each  word  being 
opposite  to  a  line  whose  words  have  for  their  initial  letter  the  component 
letters  in  succession  of  the  words  so  taken  from  Genesis,  the  translation 
shows  with  what  effect  this  is  done. 


THE   NUMBER  666. 


I  HIS  chapter  will  consist  of  notes  and  extracts  taken 
from  out-of-the-way  books  which  passed  under  notice 
when  searching  for  what  is  contained  in  my  two 
volumes  on  chronograms.  "Very  much  has  been 
written  on  the  interpretation  of  the  mystical  number 
666.  Some  portion  of  that  is  in  the  form  of  chronograms ;  and 
believing  that  so  little  of  that  portion  has  ever  been  brought 
together  in  print,  into  one  view,  I  am  induced  to  assemble  here 
the  scattered  items  of  what  is  a  curious  and  solemn  subject.  My 
purpose  is  not  to  show  the  validity  of  any  interpretation,  or  to 
point  to  any  as  the  right  one,  or  even  to  say  that  the  true  one  has 
yet  been  reached,  because  the  interpretations  are  so  contradictory, 
and  many  are  not  deserving  of  serious  consideration.  There  are 
some  methods  of  interpretation  which  are  not  based  on  the 
numerical  value  of  the  alphabetical  letters ;  to  those  my  extracts  do 
not  extend. 


At  the  foundation  of  the  whole  inquiry  is  verse  18  of  chapter  xiii. 
of  the  Book  of  the  Revelation  of  Saint  John  the  Divine,  '  Here  is 
wisdom.  Let  him  that  hath  understanding  count  the  number  of  the 
beast :  for  it  is  the  number  of  a  man  ;  and  his  number  is  six  hundred 
threescore  and  six.'  Or,  as  it  is  in  the  Greek  text — kcu  6  dpidfibs 
avrov  x£r ,  the  last  three  letters  being  the  Greek  numerals  for  600, 
60,  6  ;  or  666.  It  is  natural  that  the  solution  should  be  first  sought 
for  through  the  Greek,  though  other  methods  of  numeration  have 

40 


/! 


602  THE  NUMBER  666. 

been  tried.  We  find  from  the  earliest  periods  of  Christian  literature, 
from  the  writings  of  Saint  Irenseus  (circa  a.d.  200),  and  others  of  the 
early  Fathers,  that  the  subject  was  one  of  extreme  interest  to  them,  and 
one  that  through  all  subsequent  time  has  engaged  the  attention  of 
scholars,  theologians,  and  polemical  writers,  who  followed  the  search 
for  the  interpretation  by  means  of  numbers  and  their  alphabetical  • 
equivalents.  At  other  places  in  this  volume  will  be  found  the  several 
methods  of  numeration,  viz. — the  Roman  numerals  (see  Preface); 
the  other  old  Roman  numeration  (see  cabala  at  p.  289,  ante)  ;  the 
Greek  at  p.  321,  ante;  and  the  Hebrew  at  p.  594,  ante;  those 
numerals  apply  to  the  notes  which  now  follow. 

A  book,  '  Athanasii  Kircheri  e  Societate  Jesu  arithmologia,'  etc., 
Rome,  1665  (British  Museum,  press-mark,  50.  c  23),  remarks  that 
heretics  have  left  no  stone  unturned  to  show  that  the  Pope  is  the 
Antichrist  indicated  by  the  Beast  and  its  number ;  for  example,  they 
take  the  word  'Lateinos'  in  Greek  letters,  and  'Romiith'  in  Hebrew 
letters,  according  to  their  numerical  value,  and  find  the  number  666 — 

AATEIN02  Jl     *     *     D     1     *1 

30     1    300   5    10    50   70   200  =  666  400  10  10   40    60  200  =  666 

and  then  by  way  of  retaliation  the  names  of  reformers  and  others  are 
adduced  to  show  that  the  Lutherans  and  Calvinists  are,  with  equal 
force  of  proof,  capable  of  being  identified ;  for  example,  Luther  was 
a  native  of  Saxony,  Calvin  a  native  of  Picardy;  take  Luther  in 
Hebrew  letters,  and  Saxoneios  in  Greek,  the  same  number  comes 
forth— 

2AS0NEI02  ^fll^i!^ 

200    1     60     70    50      5    10    70   200  =  666  200    400    30     6      30  =  666 

In  like  manner,  the  number  666  is  found  in  many  names  and 
words  which  have  been  used  by  ancient  writers  in  support  of  con- 
troversy on  the  verse  in  the  Apocalypse  \  they  are  thus  mentioned — 

Nomina  Antichristi,  quibus  Apocalypticus  numerus  666  convenit, 
ex  Irenaeo,  Aretha  Cappadoce,  Primasio,  Ticinio,  Ruperto  Abbate, 
extracta, 

IJt  erit  numerus  bestiae  sexcenta  sexaginta  sex. 

8.  Kaicos  o&rjybs,       Malus  dux. 
AX.t)$TJs  (JX.a&pbsf  Verus  noxius. 
Udkai  Bao-Kavos,  Iterata  invidia. 
Afivos  8&ikos9        Agnus  in  Justus. 

AlT€/AO$, 

Mao/A€Tis,  Mahomet 

2a£ove*bs,  Saxo.  (Luther.) 

LVpVs  pICarDVs  (Id  est  Calvintts).1  =       666 

As  before  mentioned,  Calvin  was  a  native  of  Picardy,  born  at  Noyon. 


I. 

EvavOds, 

Euandus. 

8. 

2. 

AaTctvos, 

Latinus. 

9- 

3- 

Tarav, 

Sol  Titan. 

10. 

4. 

Apvovfmt, 

Nego. 

11. 

5- 

Tcvoyipuc&s, 

Gensericus. 

12. 

6. 

Aa/LiircTts, 

Splendor. 

x3- 

7. 

0  Nnoyn}s, 

Victor. 

14. 

J 


THE  NUMBER  666. 

I<ro\frq<f>Ca,  Seu  resolutio  in  numeros 
2  3  4  5  6 


603 


E 

5  A 

30 

T 

300 

A 

1 

r 

3 

A 

3O.0 

70 

r 

400 

A 

I 

E 

5 

P 

100 

E 

S 

A 

IN 

.So 

A 

1 

T 

300 

I 

10 

N 

50 

N 

50 

M 

40'  I 
80  K 

10 

N 

So 

E 

s 

T 

300 

0 

70 

2 

200 

n 

20 

e 

9 

I 

10 

A 

1 

T 

400 

H 

8 

E 

S 

H 

8 

A 

1 

N 

50 

N 

5o 

M 

40 

P 

100 

T 

300 

T 

300 

2 

200 

0 

70 

E 

5 

I 

10 

I 

10 

H 

8 

2 

200 

(sic.) 

K 
0 
2 

20 

70 

200 

2 

200 

2 

200 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

E 

20 

A 

1 

n 

80 

A 

1 

A 

I 

M 

40 

* 

200 

A 

1 

A 

30 

A 

1 

M 

40 

N 

5° 

A 

1 

A 

1 

K 

20 

H 

8 

A 

30 

N 

So 

T 

300 

0 

70 

H 

60 

0 

70 

e 

|l 

A 

1 

0 

70 

E 

5 

M 

40 , 0 

70 

2 

200 

H 

I 

10 

2 

200 

M 

40 

E 

5  N 

So 

0 

70 

2 

200 

B 

2 

A 

1 

0 

70 

T 

300  E 

5 

A 

t 

B 

2 

A 

1 

A 

4 

2 

200 

I 

10  I 

10 

H 

A 

30 

2 

200 

I 

10 

2 

2db 

0 

70 

r 

3 

A 

1 

K 

20 

K 

20 

2 

200 

0 

70 

B 

2 

A 

1 

0 

70 

2 

200 

E 
P 
0 

2 

5 

100 

70 

200 

N 
0 

2 

5o 

70 

200 

2 

200 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

666 

Haec  sunt  nomina  bestise  Apocalypticae  numero  insignita,  quorum 
innumera  alia  ab  iis,  quibus  sat  temporis  et  otii  est,  jam  adductis  haud 
similia  reperiri  possunt. 

And  the  author  elsewhere  remarks,  '  Dici  non  potest,  quantum  hie 
numerus  multorum  interpretum  torserk  ingenium.' 

A  book  in  the  Lambeth  Palace  library,  *De  Antichristo  libri 
undecim :  F.  Thom.  Malvenda  Setabitano,  Ordinis  predica- 
torum  descriptore:  Roma,  1704'  (press-mark  9.  a.  2.),  contains  a 
vast  amount  of  writing  on  the  subject;  it  gives  most  of  the  foregoing 
allusions  to  the  number  666,  together  with  the  following — 
HaXai  Bao-Kavos.==666.     i.e.  Jam  olitn  invidens. 
DIC  LVX.  =666.    i.e.  Quia  Antichristus  dice/,  acjubebat  se  lucem  esse. 
rcw^ptKos.=666.     Gensericus  Vandalorum  rex  in  Africa  Arianus 
Mastyx  orthodoxorum  fuit     (The  word  is  elsewhere  said  to  signify  in 
the  ( Gothic '  language  *  the  seducer  of  Gentiles.') 
A/xvos  a8i*os.=666.    Agnus  nocens. 


604  THE  NUMBER  666. 

The  letters  in  Revelation  x&"=chi,  xi,  st. =666,  have  been  applied 
thus — Xpioros  £vAov  crravpos.  i.e.  Christus  lignum  crucis.  Quod 
nimirum  Antichristus  imponet  sibi  nomen  quod  e  diametro  pugnet  cum 
Christo,  ejusque  sanctissima  cruce,  quo  se  utriusque  hostem  appellabit. 

At  pages  436  and  437,  the  following  sentences  are  mentioned  as 
composing  the  number  666 —  » 

Bnpn  mm  *jik  p*?» 

300  4  100  5         5   6   5   10     10  50  4    1       50  6  10  30  70 

Elion  Adonai  Icheneh  Hakados.  i.e.  Altissimus  supremus  Dominus 
Deus  sanctus.    The  name  that  Antichrist  would  blasphemously  adopt. 

*&*&«  Kumpn  n*3K 

io8oxo8ox         130064  too  5        650x0  ax 

Abinu  hakadosa  aphiphi.  i.e.  Pater  noster  sancta  papa. — vel— 
Pater  noster  meretrix  seu  scortorum  papa. 

These  sentences,  however,  are  beyond  the  limits  of  the  enigma, 
which  declares  the  number  to  be  that  of  a  man. 

Another  book  in  the  Lambeth  Palace  library,  '  Theatre  de  Ante- 
christ,'  etc.,  by  Nicolas  Vignier,  16 10,  folio.  A  controversial  work  on 
the  side  of  the  reformed  church,  it  mentions  most  of  the  foregoing 
explanations,  and  adds  that  according  to  the  scheme  of  Latin  numerals 
the  number  666  is  contained  in  the  words — 

L'    ANTECHRIST    ROMAIN. 

ao       1  40 100  5    3     8809  90x00    80  50  30    x   9  40  — 

In  another  work  I  find  that  the  name  of  the  great  reformer  may 
be  used  with  the  same  result — 

MARTIN    LAUTER.  _ 

30    1  80100940     so    1    3001005    80  —         OOO 


A  tract  in  the  Lambeth  Palace  library  (press-mark  30.  7.  16.),  'A 
letter  written  by  a  true  Christian  Catholike,  to  a  Romaine 
pretended  .Catholike,'  etc  '  Imprinted  at  London  by  John  Windet, 
dwelling  in  Adling  Streete,  at  the  signe  of  the  White  Beare,  neere 
Baynards  Castle. ;;  1586.  Pp.  86.  Small  40.  This  work  is  of  course 
a  controversial  one,  and  a  consideration  of '  the  marke  or  name  of  the 
beast '  is  introduced,  with  the  mention  of  several  of  the  interpretations 
which  I  have  already  noticed.  At  page  7 1 1  find  these  additional  ones. 
Ecclesia  Italica,  the  Italian  or  Roman  Church ;  upoKparux  #ca#ci;,  an 
evil  priestly  or  ecclesiastical  government  or  power ;  and  0co9  cipt  ore 
ycuw,  I  am  God  upon  the  earth ;  they  give  the  number  666  thus — 
EKKAH2IA  I  TAAIKA. 

5  90  so  30    8  aooxo  x     10300  x    30  xo  ao   x    ss       666 

IEPOKPATIA    KAKH. 

xo  5  xoo  70  ao  xoo  x  300  xo  x   ao  x  ao  8  =   666 

e  e  0  2  eimi  e  n  1  r  a  1  h  2. 

9     5     70  200      5    xo  40   xo      5     80  xo      3     x    xo    8   aoo=      666 

The  author  asserts  that  these  words  and  die  numerical  results  are 
*  onely  appliable  to  the  Byshops  of  Rome.' 


a 


666 


I 


THE  NUMBER  666. 


605 


THIS  subject  engaged  the  attention  of  the  author  of  a  book 
bearing  this  title,  '  A  key  of  knowledge  for  the  opening  of  the 
secret  mysteries  of  St.  John's  Mystical  Revelation.  By  Ric.  Bernard, 
preacher  of  God's  Word  at  Batcombe  in  Somersetshire.'  London, 
161 7.  Around  these  words  are  nine  engraved  subjects  from  die 
Book  of  Revelation. 

At  page  221  he  shows  that  the  Pope  is  Antichrist,  by  a  series  of 
comparisons  by  no  means  flattering  to  the  Pope ;  and  at  page  237  he 
gives  some  names  from  which  the  number  666  is  evolved ;  at  page 
341  the  author  uses  strong  language  against  the  Pope,  and  puts  it  in 
quaint  spelling  in  the  following  chronogrammatic  form — 

The  Art  of  Arithmeticke 
for  papists  to  reckon  the  iust  worth  of  their  Pope  : 
OR, 
The  skill  of  counting  the  number  of  the  Beast,  which  is  666  by 
numerall  letters  in  severall  languages,  shewing  his  full  valuation,  and 
how  truly  to  price  him. 


The  Papists  claime  for 
the  Pope. 


The  Protestants  grant. 
PAVLo  Vto  VICe-Deo. 


paVL's  sVre  a  VICeGoD. 


As  all  other  hereto- 
fore, so  the  now  pre- 
sent Pope  Paul  is  in 
God's  stead. 
Wee  ought  so  to  ac- 
count of  him. 

He  is,  by  his  seate  at  Rome,  a  Romane.     VW&\  (Romanus), 
He  standeth  vp  as  adonikam.    Supreme  Lord  iustly.     . 
He  is   of  the   Latin     Aareivos. 
Church,    establishing 
only  Latin  service. 
Hee  is  heere  on  earth, 
God's  vicar  generall. 
He   is  a  very  great 
commander,  and  yet 
professeth  himselfe  a 
servant  of  servants. 
Hee  is  a  shining  light. 
Hee  is  as  farre  above 
the  Emperour,  as  the 
sunne  above  the  moone. 
He  may  doe  what  he 
will,  and  none  may  say, 
why  dost  thou  so  ? 
Peter's  keyes  give  him 
authoritie  to  dispose 
of  kingdoms. 


The  beast's  marke 
fitteth  him. 

.   =   666 


=   666 


666 

666 
666 


generaLIs  DeI  VICarIVs  In  terrIs.   = 

666 

Loe,  a  serVant  of  serVan^s  a  LorDLy 
soVeraIgne.      .            .            .            .     = 

666 

XajJLirerrjs.              .                                                 = 
rctrav.     .                                                                s 

666 
666 

faCIat  qVoD  VVLt. 


eXtera  Dant  CLaVes  petrI. 


=       666 


-       666 


606  THE  NUMBER  666. 

The  Papists  claime  for  _.     »^    €rw.  The  beast's  marke 

the  Pope.  T*"5  ^otestants  grant.  fiUeUl  him 

He  sitteth  as  teacher    In  pIA  CatheDrA  stI.  petrI  InstrVens 

of  the  people,  in  the    popVLI.  .     =       666 

holie  Chaire  of  Saint 

Peter. 

Hee  cannot  erre  as    Vt    papa    neqVIt    e    CatheDrA    faLsa 

Pope,  sitting  in  that    statVere.  .  .  .     =       666 

seate. 

His  particular  church     irdkuca  hcxkY^ria.  .  .     =       666 

is  the  Italian  Church. 

But    Rome,    or    the     Po/*a  iKtckryria  KaOokiKa.  .     =       666 

Rom.  Church  is  the 

Catholicke  Church. 

He   is    the  head  of    CapVt  soLIVs  eCCLesIa  CathoLIC*  hIs 

the  onely   Catholike    In  terrIs.  .  .     =      666 

Church  on  earth. 

He  hath  given  to  him    trIpLeX  Corona  DatVr.     .  .     =       666 

a  triple  crowne. 

Therefore    wee    must    /ScvcoYktos.  .     =s       666 

account  him  blessed. 

Behold  now  the  account  you  make  of  the  Pope  (ye  Papists),  we 
do  willingly  agree  in  the  reckoning,  and  hereby  find  him  to  be 
In  his  teaching  a  bad    kokos  6&qyb$.  .  .     =       666 

guide. 
Through  his  pride.         In     hIs     sVperIorIty     the     DIVeLLs 

LeIfetenant.    .  .  .     =       666 

A  tyrant  by  his  lawes.    DeCreta  s Va  sVnt  Leges  Ver4;  tyrannI.  =      666 
And  therefore  should  every  one  say  to  him, 

Ito  Lege  eXeCranDVs.  =      666 

This  is  followed,  at  page  344,  by  other  mystical  applications  of 
the  number  666,  but  not  in  the  form  of  chronograms  or  other  inter- 
pretation by  numerical  letters. 


It  has  been  observed  that  one  of  the  .titles  assumed  by  the  popes 
(ovofxa  /?Aa0-<^fu'as)  makes  the  number,  thus — 

VICarIVs  fILII  DeL  =       666 

It  was  also  said  that  somewhere  in  Italy  (Venice  ?),  a  picture  was 
publicly  exhibited  in  honour  of  Pope  Paul  v.  with  this  inscription — 
paVLo  V.  VICe  Deo. 

The  chronogrammatic  power  of  the  letters  here  printed  large  was 
soon  discovered  to  be  666,  and  much  scandal  was  caused  by  asserting 
this  to  be  an  unintentional  proof  that  this  pope  was  himself  the 
Antichrist 

The  appellation  given  to  the  Pope  in  the  Council  of  Trent  wasj — 

VICarIVs  generaLIs  DeI  In  terrIs.  =      666 


THE  NUMBER  666.  607 

Again,  these  words  are  found  to  contain  the  number — 

UaircurKos,  the  papacy.  =       666 

Aircxrrarqs,  an  apostate.  =       666 

I  refer  my  readers  to  pp.  465,  468,  481  ante,  where  the  writings 
of  Johannes  Praetorius  are  quoted.  This  mystical  author  makes  some 
exceedingly  fanciful  applications  of  the  number  666  to  the  supposed 
eventful  or  fatal  year  a.d.  1666,  which,  to  say  the  least,  are  difficult 
to  comprehend. 


'  OECHS  hundert  und  sechs  und  sechzig,'  is  the  title  of  an  article 
^  in  Zedler's  Universal  Lexicon,  vol.  xxxvi.  p.  861. 
Many  interpretations  are  given  of  the  mystical  number,  which  are 
to  be  found  in  other  books,  also  these  following,  which  I  have  not 
noticed  elsewhere.  They  seem  to  have  been  used  in  the  religious 
controversies  raised  by  the  rival  followers  of  Luther  and  Calvin  in 
opposition  to  the  Romanists. 


aLeXanDer  epIsCopVs. 

= 

666 

aVreLIanVs  DaCVs. 

=r 

666 

beneDICtVs  LarVatVs. 

s= 

666 

bonIfaCIVs  DIserte  LItIgIosVs. 

=: 

666 

CaroLVs  DIWs. 

= 

666 

ChILDebertVs  reX. 

— 

666 

CLoDoVaeVs  tertIVs. 

•  — ~ 

666 

nebVCaDnezar  feLIX. 

666 

heroDes  LVCIfVgVs. 

= 

666 

CLaVDIVs  ferVs. 

— ■■ 

666 

aDVLterInVs  CVstos. 

666 

aVentInVs  CoLenDVs. 

= 

666 

CLanDestInVs  reX. 

t= 

666 

CLIens  orthoDoXVs. 

= 

666 

CVLtVs  DIVertens. 

ss 

666 

DILeCtVs  greX. 

= 

666 

DraConIs  LVX. 

^2 

666 

DVLCIs  Wa. 

S; 

666 

LVCIDa  faX. 

ss 

666 

styX  CrVDeLIs. 

= 

666 

At  a  later  page  in  the  same  article  I  find  the  following,  which  are 
said  to  bear  on  the  subject ;  a  '  gloss '  in  German  is  added  to  make 
them  intelligible,  at  least  such  appears  to  be  the  intention — 

DeCas  phaLanX  qVIngena.  =      666 

Eine  summe  von  10.    8000.    500. 

DoCtor,  LeX,  IVs.  ==      666 

Ein  Lehrer,  Gesetz,  Recht 


608  THE  NUMBER  666. 

DraCo,  LynX,  VIpbra.  =      666 

Ein  Drache,  Leichs,  Natter. 

saCerDos,  faLX,  oVIs.  =       666 

Ein  Priester,  Messer,  Schaf. 

There  are  many  pages  of  explanation,  not  so  much  in  the  form 
of  chronograms  as  these  extracts,  but  nevertheless  curious  and  fanciful, 
and  not  usually  found  in  books  devoted  to  biblical  commentary. 


*T"^HE  solution  of  the  enigma  by  numerical  letters  has.  been 
\  followed  in  many  other  directions.  Here  are  some  examples. 
The  name  of  Napoleon,  in  a  form  as  if  used  in  a  dedication  sentence 
in  Greek,  contains  the  number,  thus — 

NAHOAEONTI. 

so    i    807030570  50  300 10  =       666 

The  name  of  Louis  xiv.,  put  in  the  Latin  form  in  a  chronogram,  on 
a  medal,  to  commemorate  the  misdeeds  of  that  monarch,  contains 
the  number — 

LVDoVICVs.  =       666 

He  was  therefore  the  '  beast'  It  must  be  remembered,  however,  that 
there  were  at  least  eighteen  kings  of  France  of  the  same  name, 
without  counting  the  c  citizen  king,  Louis  Philippe,  and  the  Emperor 
Louis  Napoleon,  who  had  a  full  share  of  misfortune  to  himself.  And 
not  the  least  amusing  is  the  name  of  Gladstone  in  Greek  letters — 
\\  T  A  A  A  2  T  0  N  H.  ?] 

//  30/        3  »  «    4M030070S0    8  =       666     // 

f    And  this  has  been  especially  pointed  at  as  applicable  to  the  Prime  f  ■ 

Minister  of  England,  who  happens  to  be  an  elegant  Greek  scholar,  as 
well  as  to  hold  political  opinions  not  approved  of  by  every  one. 

The  'Westminster  Assembly'  was  constituted  by  Parliament  in 
1643,  'to  confer  and  treat  among  themselves  of  such  matters  and 
things  touching  and  concerning  the  liturgy,  discipline,  and  govern- 
ment of  the  Church  of  England,  or  the  vindicating  and  clearing  of 
the  doctrine  of  the  same,  as  should  be  proposed  to  them  by  both  or 
either  of  the  said  Houses  of  Parliament,  and  no  other,  and  to  deliver 
their  opinions,'  etc  etc.  The  Assembly  of  Divines  continued  to  sit 
until  2  2d  February  1649,  having  met  n  63  times.  It  was  subject  to 
much  satire  of  the  period  from  both  the  Cavalier  and  Roundhead 
factions.  I  find  in  Butler's  posthumous  works  one  of  these  effusions, 
'The  Assembly-man,  written  by  Mr.  Samuel  Butler  and  Sir  John 
Birkenhead,  in  the  year  1647.'  This  passage  occurs : — 'Of  late  they 
are  much  in  love  with  chronograms,  because  (if  possible)  they  are 
duller  than  anagrams ;  O  how  they  have  torn  the  poor  bishops'  names 
to  pick  out  the  number  666 !  little  dreaming  that  a  whole  baker's 
dozen  of  their  own  assembly  have  that  beastly  number  in  each  of 


THE  NUMBER  666.  609 

their  names,  and  that  as  exactly  as  their  solemn  league  and  covenant 
consists  of  666  words.'  No  examples  are  given  of  the  names.  At 
p.  590  ante,  allusion  is  made  to  the  House  of  Commons  as  containing 
that  number. 


*nr*HE  subject  of  the  mystic  number  is  treated,  exhaustively 
X  almost,  in  a  now  scarce  work  published  in  the  year  1848, 
entitled,  *  The  number  and  names  of  the  Apocalyptic  Beasts ;  with 
an  explanation  and  application.  In  two  parts/  By  David  Thorn, 
Ph.D.,  A.M.,  of  Heidelberg,  minister  of  Bold  Street  Chapel,  Liverpool. 
Only  one  volume,  *  Part  I./  of  this  work,  containing  398  pages,  was 
ever  published.  The  author  has  his  own  interpretation  of  the 
mystical  number  666,  which  is  developed  in  his  concluding  pages. 
The  volume  is  otherwise  filled  with  notices  of  many  of  the  familiar 
solutions  of  the  enigma :  some  I  have  already  brought  together,  and 
others  I  have  not  before  met  with.  I  extract  some  of  the  latter, 
because  they  are  in  the  form  of  chronograms.  The  author  says, 
adopting  the  words  of  another  writer,  ( Innumerable  attempts  have 
been  made  to  discover  this  name,  but  hitherto  without  success ;'  and 
he  adds  his  own  words,  *  Towards  the  close  of  this  volume,  the  true 
name  is  given;  and  upon  that,  in  the  meantime,  the  reader  is  left  to 
indulge  his  speculations.' 
D.  f.  JULIanUs  Caesar  atheVs.     i.e.  The  name  of  Julian  the 

Apostate,  one  of  the  successors  of  Constantine.  =       666 

DIoCLes  aUgUstUs.    i.e.  The  Emperor  Diocletian.  =      666 

sILVester  seCUnDUs.    i.e.  Pope  Sylvester  11.  =       666 

LInUs  seCUnDUs.    i.e.  Pope  Linus  11.  =       666 

VICarIUs  fILII  DeI.    i.e.  The  vicar  or  substitute  of  the  Son  of 

God.  =       666 

DoCtor  et  reX  LatInUs.   i.e.  The  Latin  teacher  and  monarch.  =       666 
VICarIUs  generaLIs  DeI  In  terrIs.    i.e.  Vicar-general  of  God 

upon  earth.  =       666 

Ipse  CathoLICe  eCCLesLe  VIsIbILe  CapUt.   ue.  He  himself  the 

visible  head  of  the  Catholic  Church.  =       666 

DUX  CLerI.    i.e.  The  captain  of  the  clergy.  =       666 

Una  Vera  CathoLICa  InfaLLIbILIs  eCCLesIa.    i.e.  The  one 

true  Catholic  infallible  Church.  =       666 

aUCtorItas    poLItICa    eCCLesIastICaqUe  LatIna.    i.e.  The 

Latin  civil  and  ecclesiastical  authority.  =       666 

aUCtorItas    poLItICa  eCCLesIastICaqUe  papaLIs.    i.e.   The 

civil  and  ecclesiastical  papal  authority.  =       666 

LUtherUs  DUCtor  gregIs.    t\e.  Luther,  the  leader  of  the  flock.  =       666 
CaLVInUs  trIstIs  fIDeI  Interpret   i.e.  Calvin,  the  baleful  inter- 
preter of  the  faith.  »       666 
The  author,  as  he  proceeds,  adds  his  own  remarks  to  show  how 
uncertain  are  all  these  and  such  like  interpretations,  and  says  by  way 

4H 


I 


610  THE  NUMBER  666. 

of  illustration,  with  reference  to  the  geological  controversies  which 
raged  in  his  day,  the  Neptunist  may  as  well  refer  his  opponent  to 
VVLCano  eDItVs  (sc.  orbis  terrarum)  =  666,  and  may  have  retorted 
upon  him  in  return,  oCeanVs  e  profVnDo  tVLIt  1=666.  But  it 
would  be  idle  to  chase  the  shadow  any  further. 

DIC  LUX.  i.e.  Say,  or  speak,  light.  '  Ipse  enim=s666  fatebitur 
se  esse  Lucem.'  For  he  himself  (Antichrist)  will  confess  that  he  is 
the  light. 

According  to  the  Greek  numeration  the  words  6co$  «/yu  «r*  yaoys ; 
Le.  I  am  God  upon  earth,  make  the  number  666.  The  author  gives 
several  Greek  words  more  or  less  opposite  in  meaning,  with  the  same 
numerical  result,  and  at  page  207  proceeds  to  point  at  the  fallacy  of 
the  interpretations  by  this  remark,  '  I  presume  that  a  mere  reference 
is  all  that  is  required  to  "  Cow-pox,"  asserted  to  be  the  Beast,  by  a 
German  physician ;  the  word  put  thus  into  Greek  letters,  Koiwroics, 
certainly  does  amount  to  666,  but  it  is  too  obviously  a  joke  to  merit 
a  moment's  attention.  He  concludes  his  list  of  Greek  guesses  with 
the  word  Evwopia  (wealth),  which  makes  666 ;  he  finds  it  in  a  small 
and  unpretending  but  clearly-written  volume,  published  anonymously 
by  S.  Bagster,  London,  1844,  and  entitled,  'Wealth  the  name  and 
number  of  the  Beast,  666,  in  the  book  of  Revelation.'  The  writer 
observed  '  how  active  a  passion  wealth  ts  at  this  moment  in  England 
among  a  people  professing  Christianity. '  The  word  quoted  is  legitimate 
Greek,  and  is  used  in  the  Greek  text  of  the  passage  in  Acts  xix.  25. 

Interpretations  founded  on  the  numerical  results  of  Hebrew  words 
and  names  are  numerous;  the  author  devotes  forty  pages  to  the 
examination  of  them. 

The  author  passes  on  to  mention  some  miscellaneous  and  '  ridicu- 
lous' solutions  according  to  the  use  of  the  Roman  numerals;  he  says 
at  page  241,  Sir  John  Oldcastle,1  Lord  Cobham,  who  was  executed 
for  Lollardism  in  14x7,  has  been  designated  as  the  Beast  by  summing 
up  the  numerals  which  occur  in  his  name — 

Iohn  oLDCastLe.  sb       701 

Deduct  his  age  at  the  time  in  question,  35 

We  have,    666  q.e.d.1 

In  'Will  Laud,'  the  common  signature  of  the  notorious  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  before  his  elevation  to  the  episcopal  bench,  has 
been  detected  the  ominous  number —  M 

WILL  LaVD.  /)  =       666 

The  author,  at  page  351,  mentions  the  ingenious  solution  computed 
by  Mr.  J.  E.  Clark  con  the  morning  of  June  1,  1809,  although  not 
published  until  1814,'  according  to  the  Greek  numeral  method  these 
words — 
fH    A  a  t  1  v  rj    B  a  o-  t  A  e  1  a.     (/.*.  The  Latin  kingdom. )=       666 

8       30     1  300  xo  50  8       a    1  200  zo  30   5  10  x 

1  An  interesting  epitome  of  his  life  is  in  Chalmers's  Biographical  Dictionary,  xxiii.  320. 


J 


THE  NUMBER  666.  6 1 1 

At  page  359  another  similar  solution  is  quoted — 
E  k  k  k  7]  <r  i  a    I  t  a  A  t  k  a.     (t\e.  The  Italian  Church.)        =       666 

5  ao  20  30  8  aoo  xo  x  xo  300  1  30  10  20  x 

At  page  361  another  having  the  same  meaning  is  quoted — 
A  a  r  1  v  a   E  #c  A  c  <r  t  a.     (t\e.  The  Latin  Church.)  =       666 

30    x  300x050   x       5    20  30  8  20010  x 

Of  course  the  author  does  not  adopt  all  these  interpretations,  he 
criticises  and  in  effect  rejects  them,  while  he  offers  what  in  his  opinion 
may  be  the  true  one,  reserving  his  explanations,  which  were  to  appear 
in  the  second  volume,  never  published.  The  Greek  17  <f>prjv,  the  mind, 
or  prudence,  or  understanding,  see  1  Cor.  xiv.  20,  contains  the  number ; 
and  so  does  exjcAiprtou  cra/oKi/ccu,  fleshly  churches — 

*H       <f>    p    7J    V, 

8    500x00  8  50  =666 

E  K  K  \  7}  <t  1  a  1         arapKiKai. 
5   20  20  30   8  200  xo  x    xo         200  1  100  20  10  20    x   xo    =  666 

The  author's  reasons  for  declaring  this  to  be  the  true  solution  would 
require  too  long  a  quotation. 


A  very  curious  work,  entitled,  'An  interpretation  of  the  number 
666,'  by  Francis  Potter,  B.D.,  Oxford,  1642,  advocates  another 
numeral  method  not  in  the  form  of  chronogram.  The  author  takes 
verses  16,  17  of  .chapter  xxi.  of  Revelation  (and  other  places),  where 
the  number  144  is  mentioned,  and  explains  in  his  second  chapter 
1  That  the  mystery  of  the  number  144,  which  is  the  number  opposed 
to  666,  consists  of  the  square  root  of  it,  which  is  12;  therefore  the 
mystery  of  666  must  be  the  square  root  of  it  also/  On  that  basis  he 
takes  25  (omitting  a  residual  fraction)  and  finds  some  remarkable 
coincidences  at  the  city  of  Rome. 

Some  interesting  remarks  may  be  seen  in  the  American  edition  of 
Dr.  William  Smith's  Dictionary  of  the  Bible,  revised  and  edited  by 
Professor  H.  B.  Hackett,  D.D. 

In  conclusion,  enough  is  given  in  this  chapter  to  show  that  little 
reliance  can  be  placed  on  a  method  of  interpretation  which  is  capable 
of  leading  to  widely  differing  conclusions.  This  remark  gains  force 
by  a  reference  to  page  504  ante,  where  the  futility  of  using  chronograms 
and  anagrams  in  support  of  a  dogmatic  teaching  is  pointed  out,  and 
to  page  599  ante,  where  it  is  shown  that  the  use  of  acrostics  as  weapons 
in  religious  controversy  is  very  unsafe. 


DATES  QUAINTLY   EXPRESSED  IN 
LATIN  VERSE. 


LOSELY  connected  with  chronograms,  is  a  class  of 
inscriptions  and  memorial  lines  which  were  called  by 
the  antiquary  Gough,  in  his  work  on  the  sepulchral 
monuments  of  Great  Britain, '  Dates  quaintly  conceived.' 
The  period  when  they  were  in  general  use  was  anterior 
to  that  assigned  to  the  common  use  of  chronograms,  and  they 
continued  in  limited  use  until  some  time  in  the  fifteenth  century, 
when  they  seem  to  have  been  entirely  superseded  by  the  compositions 
which  my  readers  will  have  seen  in  great  variety  in  the  foregoing 
pages.  They  were  extensively  used  in  England  and  generally  in 
Europe,  for  dating  sepulchral  inscriptions  on  brass  tablets,  and  other- 
wise for  recording  and  notifying  dates.  It  is  certain  that  many 
such  inscriptions  have  perished  through  the  usual  destructive  agencies, 
and  we  are  indebted  principally  to  books  for  the  preservation  of  the 
words  of  many  which  in  these  days  we  are  able  to  notice.  In  my 
searches  for  chronograms  I  was  led  to  observe  a  considerable  number 
of  these  curious  memorials.  I  can  give  only  a  small  portion  of  those 
which  I  found  scattered  about  in  volumes  of  antiquarian  literature. 
It  will  be  seen  that  the  hexameter  verse  is  of  frequent  occurrence,  as 
well  as  verses  of  leonine  construction.  The  Latin  language  was  used 
almost  exclusively  in  these  quaint  compositions. 


DATES  QUAINTL Y  EXPRESSED. 


613 


}= 


21st  April  1422 
=     1462 


The  following  are  from  Gough's  '  Sepulchral  Monuments  of  Great 
Britain ' : — 

M  anno  C  quater  bis  XI  rait  iste 

Luce  bis  X  et  1  April. 

M  C  quater  septenis  ter  tres  minor  uno. 

Augusti  ter  quingeni  si  dempseris  unum 

Et  ter,  ter,  decies  ut  erat  verbo  caro  factum 

Trux-lux  undena  miseris  subtraxit  asylum,  etc. 

M  C  junge  quater  I  duplex  V  numera  ter 

Invenies  annum  quo  ruit  iste  pater. 

Annos  millenos  C.  quater  suscipe  plenos 

Addens  septenos  domini  celestis  amenos. 

The  thirteenth  daye  of  Apryll  years  seventy  and  foure, 

A  thousand  five  hundred  being  put  to  yt  more. 

The  epitaph  of  a  man  named  King — 

Mundi  mense  pleno  Jannarii  die  noveno  C  quater  mille 

Ter  et  V  tunc  rex  ruit  ille.  =     9th  January  141 5 

M  semel  X  terno  C  quater  I  quoque  querao 

Ara  resecrata,  domus  haec  variisque  novata. 

At  Roydon  church,  Essex — 

M  C  quater  semel  LXV,  bis  XI  probus  iste,    \  _         •  Au£mgt  T4o, 
Augusti  mensis  X  bis  obiit  J  ""     22a  August  I4*7 


}- 
}- 
}- 


?i3»o 


1434 


1470 


1574 


}=  ?i3U 


The  following  are  fromWeever's  'Ancient  funerall  monuments  within 
the  monarchic  of  Great  Britain.'    Folio.     1 63 1 — 

Henry  de  Wingham,  bishop  of  London,  died  15th  July  1262 — 
Ter  vix,  et  Domini,  mil.  sexagint.  bis,  que  bis  C.  = 

Roger,  called  ,the  Black,  Bishop  of  London  (Roger  Nigel)— 
In  anno  M  bis  C  quater  X  jacet  hie  Rogerus  humatus. 

Thomas  Cressy  of  London,  mercer — 

M  Domini  C  quater  bis  X  annoque  secundo 
Sexta  luce  Junii  hie  de  .  .  .  mundo. 

Wffliam  Lilly,  in  St.  Faith's  Church— 

M  Domini  C  quater,  semel  L,  ter  et  V  lege  frater, 
X  bis  cum  quinis  M  Adar  est  bonus  sibi  finis. 
Hinc  migrat  M  C  quater  LX  que  Decembris,  aeterna 
Virgo  Dei  mater,  prestet  sibi  regna  suprema. 
Anno  milleno,  quater  et  CCCC  octuageno 
Migrat  ab  hac  vita  sua  spes  succurre  Maria. 
M  C  quater  que  dato  LXX  quater  annumerato. 
M  D  deme  ter  X  semel  V  Christi  anno. 


=     1240 


)  6th 


June 
1422 

1465 

? 

1460 

1480 

1470 
1475 


614  DATES  QUAINTLY  EXPRESSED. 

The  following  were  in  old  London  churches ;  from  Stow*s  'Survey': —  , 
He  died  at  sixty-nine  of  yeeres, 

December  ninth  the  day, 
The  year  of  grace  eight  hundred  twice  )  _ 

Deducting  nine  away.  J  ~~       591 

Mille  quater  centum  semel  L  sex  tempore  Christi  )  * 

Dat  fundamentum  quindena  Martius  isti,  etc  J  ~~       ** 


C  quater  et  mille 
X  et  IV  cadit  ille, 
Luce  Maii  deca  terque 

=30th  May  1414. 


Morte  die  decimo  nono 

Junii  ruit,  anno 
M  C  quater  nono 

Sociato  bis  sibi  deno.  =29th  June  1429 

M  D  deme  ter  X  semel  V  Christi  cadit  anno.  =     1465 

C  quater  et  mille  sex  X  quarto  ruit  ille 

Et  Julii  plena  septena  luce  serena.  =7th  July  1464 


♦»•'♦ 


The  following  are  from  Willis's  *  Survey  of  the  Cathedrals.'    3  vols. 
1742:— 

Lincoln  Cathedral — 

C  quater  X  quater  MV  si  Domini  numerantur 

Annus,  in  hunc  Hominem  Mors  prevaluisse  probatur.  =     1445 

L  M  C  que  quater  sub  luce  Maii  deca  penta 

Corruit  ipse  Pater,  preventus  morte  cruenta.  =  15th  May  1450 

Ralph  Selby,  LL.D.,  died  1420,  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey — 
M  C  quater  X  bis  post  partum  virginis  iste 
In  festo,  Christe,  tibi  spiravit  Michaelis  (sic).  =     1420 

At  Cleeve,  Gloucestershire,  John  Brien,  rector,  died  4th  February 
1388— 

L  ter  C  super  M  ter  X  simul  octo.  =     1388 

At  Cheshunt,  Hertfordshire,  Nicholas  Dixon  died  30th  October 
1448— 

Anno  milleno  C  quater,  bis,  bis  deca  Christi  \  th  o  t 

Octavo  moriens  mutans  terrestria  Celis  >  =  ^       S! 

Octobris  Luce  ter  deno  transit  ad  astra.  j  I44 

Anthony  de  Bek,  a  bishop  of  Durham,  13 10— 

Annis  vicenis  regnavit  ter  X  1  plenis  =         51 

Mille  trecentis  Christo  moritur  quoque  denis.  =     13 10 


♦>•■♦ 


The  south  aisle  of  the  abbey  church  of  Pershore,  in  Gloucestershire, 
was  built  by  Abbot  William  de  Newynton  in  1434,  as  recorded  by  an 
inscription  carved  upon  some  old  wood-work,  which,  more  than  a 


J 


DATES  QUAINTLY  EXPRESSED.  615 

century  ago,  patched  a  partition  between  the  chancel  end  of  the 

church  and  a  small  chapel  on  the  north  side — 

M,  C  bis  bino,  triplex  X,  addere  quarto  )  = 

Anno  Willms  dni  Newnton  fecit  abbas.  J  434 


The  following  are  from  c  Desiderata  curiosa,'  voL  ii.  p.  319 : — 

In  Lincoln  Cathedral,  epitaph  on  a  bishop — 

Anno  milleno,  C  quater,  quaterq.  viceno  \  __ 

Bis  septem  junctis  vitalia  lumina  claudo.  J  ^4 

The  first  line  gives  the  date  of  his  translation  from  Rochester,  1480, 
and  the  two  lines  that  of  his  death. 

William  Chappel,  Bishop  of  Rochester,  '  vitae  scriptore  seipso ' — 
Post  mille,  quingentos  et  octies  decern 
Annos,  secundus  orbi  me  dedit ;  luci,  dies 
Decimus  Decembris,  etc=Born  1580.    (He  died  1649.) 

At  St.  Peter's  Church,  St.  Albans,  from  a  county  history — 

C  Domini  quater,  M  semel,  L  semel,  V  semel,  anno.  s=     1455 

At  Abbots  Langley  Church,  placed  over  the  altar  on  its  being 
repaired  by  Bishop  Wheatharasted — 

M  semel  X  terno  C  quater  I  quoque  querno  =     1431 

Ara  reserata,  domus  haec  variisque  novata. 


1  he  epitaph  of  Margaret  Dyneley,  at  Stanford  Dingley,  in  Berkshire. 
She  died  on  the  day  of  St.  Romanus  (9th  August)  1444 :  engraved  on 
a  brass  female  figure — 

Subjacet  hoc  lapide,  Mergeret  Dyneley  tumulata 

Quondam  Willmi  Dyneley  conjux  vocitata 

Armigeri  regis,  modo  vermibus  esca  parata 

M  domini,  C  quater,  quater  X,  quater  I,  cadit  ilia  =     1444 

Romani  festo.  Jesus  ergo  sui  memor  esto. 


From  the  Zurich  Antiquarian  Society's  Transactions,  vol.  ii.  p.  66 — 
Versus  quando  Rudolfus  rex  Romanorum  electus  est  in  regem. 
Ruodolfus,  reprimens  proprio  contraria  telis, 
In  Frankenfurt  rex  eligitur  festo  Michaelis ; 
Ungit  Aquisgranum  regem  sub  posteriore 
Luce  Severini,  sub  Crispinique  priore, 

Cum  semel  M,  bis  C  stat  et  L  semel,  X  bis  et  I  ter        a  1273  or  1276 
Sed  tu,  qui  dubitas  super  his,  fac  ista  legi  ter. 

This  is  also  in  '  Historischer  Munzbelustigung,'  by  J.  D.  Kohler, 
vol.  vi  p.  400. 


616  DATES  QUAINTLY  EXPRESSED. 

From  various  old  books  of  History. 
A  tumult  occurred  at  the  city  of  Prague  at  Easter  1339,  when 
nearly  all  the  Jewish  population  were  slain  in  the  course  of  two  hours. 
A  chronicler,  writing  in  1634,  says  he  has  read  these  verses  some- 
where— 

M  semel,  et  tria  C  bis  L  XI  removeto ;  I  _         q 

Paschse  luce,  reus  periit  tunc,  caede  Judseus.  ]  ~~     *^  9 

On  the  death  of  King  Wenceslas  of  Bohemia.   He  died  in  141 9 — 

Quater  C  semel  M  jungas  annos  deca  novem  =     141 9 

August  sedena,  fit  Regi  mortis  habena. 

On  the  birth  of  Waldemar  in.,  Duke  of  Slesvig,  son  of  Eric — 
Anno  milleno  CCC  ter  uno  cum  duodeno 
Waldemars  dux  Slesvici  et  natus  EricL  =     13 15 


These  are  gathered  out  of  various  old  books — 

Mille  ubi  quingenti  post  partum  Virginis  anni  )  = 

Et  duo  cum  lustris  praeterire  novem.  f           547 

Centenis  lustris,  annis  et  mille  peractis  I  __ 

Denos  autumnos  post  quater  atque  duos.  J           54 

Mille  et  quingenti  lapsi  sunt  cursibus  anni,  )  =           , 

Terque  duodecies  frigore  terra  tulit.  J            53 

Octo  bis  exierant  a  nato  secula  Christo  I  = 

Detractis  lustris  sed  tamen  inde  decern.  J           55 

On  the  death  of  *  King  Adolphus  at  the  battle  of  Worms ' — 

Anno  milleno  trecentis,  bis  minus  annis  I  _          « 

In  Julio  mense,  rex  Adolphus  cadit  ense.  J             9 


The  following  are  from  the  chronicle  of  Ober-alt-Aich,  quoted  at 
p.  311,  ante.  The  first,  at  page  213,  is  introduced  with  remarks  to 
the  following  effect: — 'Even  in  the  year  1368  it  was  reported  that 
the  Jews  derided  the  most  holy  Sacrament  in  their  synagogues, 
piercing  the  hosts  with  sharp  thorns  till  the  blood  flowed  copiously 
therefrom.  The  common  people  were  so  exasperated  at  this  deed 
that  they  slew  the  Jews  without  mercy  in  Bavaria  and  Austria :  the 
people  of  Regensburg  and  Vienna  sheltered  their  Jews.  The  princes 
stayed  the  ruin  with  all  their  power,  but  could  not  save  it.  One 
prince  received  the  Jews,  who  would  otherwise  have  strangled  them- 
selves to  escape  this  so-called  vengeance  from  heavea  This  couplet 
commemorates  the  circumstance  and  dat$ ' — 

Annis  millenis  ter  denis  et  octo  trecentis,  )  g 

Judaicus  populus  tunc  temporis  est  trucidatus.  /  ""     I^° 

This  narrative  alludes  to  certain  events  in  the  fourteenth  century, 


DATES  QUAINTLY  EXPRESSED,  617 

similar  to  those  described  in  the  histories  of  the  '  Sacrament  robbery 
and  miracle '  in  Belgium,  and  noticed  at  some  length  in  CAronograms, 
pp.  262-283 ;  and  at  pp.  113,  114  of  the  present  volume. 

The  next,  at  page  215,  is  the  couplet  commencing  some  verses 
given  on  the  authority  of  *  an  ancient  manuscript  book/  and  said  to 
have  been  inscribed  on  a  tablet  at  the  grave  of  Bishop  Nicolaus  of 
Regensburg — 

Post  M  post  tria  C  cum  XX  bina  fuere,  )        - 

Ista  tegit  fossa  Nicolai  prsesulis  ossa.  J  ""*     *34 

The  last  is  at  page  218.  It  is  the  opening  couplet  of  some 
*  ancient  Latin  rhymes,'  on  a  disastrous  overflow  of  the  Danube  in 
1344,  when  Wolfgang  was  abbot  of  Altaich — 

Post  M  post  tria  C  post  X  bis  bina  sub  anno  )  = 

Quarto,  dum  Wolfgangus  abbas  prsesedit  in  Altaich.  f         x^44 


1  he  following  are  from  Italy : — 

Anno  milleno  ter  C  ter  I  septuageno 

Solutus  ex  membris  septena  luce  Noverabris.  =  7th  November  1373. 

»    Mille  currentibus  annis  trecentis  quaternicenis  unoque  juncto.  =     1 34 1 

Astra  petens  pulcro  liquit  sua  membra  sepulcro  )  _ 

M  semel  et  C  ter  novies  II  quater  adde.  J  l*  2 

Quinque  denis  mille  trecentis  et  quatuor  annis 

Tertius  Aprilis  cum  decimo  fluxerat  ortus.    =   13th  April  1354. 


♦»•»♦ 


inscribed  in  a  book  *  Codex  Membraneus,'  a  manuscript  of  Statius,  in 
the  library  of  the  monastery  of  'Hasunga,'  in  Thuringia\.  The  book 
is  stated  to  have  been  written — 

Bis  quingento  bis  trino,  bis  quoque  bino  )  _ 

Nascentis  Christi  Thebais  scripta  fuisti.  J  I0 

And  to  have  been  presented  to  the  library — 

Bis  quatuor  undenis  quatuor  minus  addito  mille.  =     1084 


1  he  following  may  be  taken  as  early  examples  by  writers  at  the 
periods  indicated  They  are  extracted  from  a  work  comprising 
various  histories  and  chronicles,  'Erpoldi  Lindenbrogii  scriptores 
rerum  Germanicarum  septentrionalium,  by  J.  A.  Fabricius.  Hamburg, 
1706 — 

M  C  sex  decies  annosque  recollige  binos.  =     1162 

Anno  milleno  centeno  terquje  triceno,  )  = 

His  quinquaginta  si  misces,  tunc  bene  disces.  J  4 

4i 


1 


6i8 


DATES  QUAINTLY  EXPRESSED. 


Ax  Zwolle,  in  Holland,  part  of  an  inscription  in  memory  of  the 
burning  of  500  houses  there,  on  the  night  of  St.  Marguerite,  20th-2ist 
July  1324.    (From  the  f  Dead  Cities  of  the  Zuider  Zee ') — 

Post  M,  post  tria  C,  post  duo  X,  quatuor  I  que, 

Nox  Margar  tillis  (sic)  igni  tu  concita  Zwollis.  =     1324 


♦■•■♦ 


1  he  following  are  from  '  Westphalische  Provincial-Blatter/  published 
at  Minden,  1843.  Vol.  iii.  Inscription  formerly  to  be  seen  on  a  stoue 
at  Helvorde,  in  Germany — 

M  C  ter  L  octo  tibi  sunt,  etc.  etc.  = 

Another,  M  C  ter  L  quart  X.  = 

At  Paderborn  Cathedral,  on  the  tomb  of  Bishop  Henry — 

Mille  quadringentis  bis  denis  inde  retentis. 
On  the  tomb  of  Bishop  Robert,  who  died  in  1394 — 
Annis  M  Christi  quadringentis  que  minus  sex. 


=  i35» 

=  1 390 

=  1380 

=  1394 


From  the  Archaeological  Journal,  vol.  ix.  p.  201. 

In  the  cathedral,  Paderborn,  Bishop  Bernard,  chosen  in  1320 — 

Post  dupla  centena  Christi  bis  bina  trigena  lustra  die,  Januarii 
terdena  de  luce  vani.  =     1320 

The  number  1000  must  be  understood,  and  the  word  'lustra' 
must  be  taken  as  years,  and  not  as  a  period  of  five  years,  according  to 
classical  Latin. 


The  following  are  from  '  Flandria  Illustrata,'  by  A.  Sanderus  : — 

At  the  monastery  Vallis  S.  Martini,  Louvain — 

C  quater  M  que  semel  duo  bis  XL  dabit  annum    - 
Festa  Dionisii  praeveniente  die.  = 

Dant  L  M  que  semel  X  I  ter  C  quater  annum 
Mortis  Lamberte  dat  sacer  ecce  diem. 

In  Monasterio  Biandiense — 

M  C  quater  sex  bis  Marci  sit  crastina  tristis. 

In  the  Abbey  of  Furnes — 

M  C  ter  L  deno,  semel  I,  quoque  complice  seno 
Nunc  Idus  terno  Jani,  mortem  ubi  cerno. 

On  Andrew  Ginge,  founder  of  the  Lombard  College  at  Toumay — 
Mille  trecentos  supra,  trigesimus  annus  \  __ 

Dum  coeli  rapido  volverat  axe  rotam.  j 

Concerning  the  library  at  the  monastery  at  Taxandria  (Turnhout) — 
M  C  quater,  sexto  decies  annoque  secundo  )  = 

Civis  agrippinus  me  fundit  Moor.  Gobelinus.  1 


=  1482 
=  1463 
=  1412 


1330 


1462 


DATES  QUAINTL  Y  EXPRESSED.  619 

At  the  monastery  Viridis  Vallis  (Gronendael) — 

I  quater  et  mille,  Ter  C  tunc  floruit  ille,  )  _ 

Qui  Viridem  Vallem  Fundavit,  ad  aethera  callem.  /         T^°4 

In  the  abbey  church  of  Villers,  in  Brabant — 

Anno  milleno  C  ter  et  sex  quadrageno  )  __  * 

Junensi  mense,  mortis  tunc  carpitur  ense.  J.~     ^ 


In  the  Dominican  Church,  Lou  vain,  to  the  Duchess  Aleyde — 
Mille  semel  et  centum  bis  duo  septuaginta 

Luce  Severini,  fuit  Aleydis  data  fini  =     1274 

Quam  tegit  haec  tumba  Serpens  fuit  atque  Columba. 

The  building  of  the  Monastery  of  the  Seven  Fountains  at  Forest, 
near  Brussels,  was  thus  dated — 

M,  C  ter,  L  que,  ter  I,  semel  V  que,  ter  X  in  Aprili  luce  sub 
undena  Domini  domus  ista  sacrata  extitit  =     1388 

Another  inscription  dated  a  building  there — 

Hoc  Domini  templum  fuit  ad  Genitricis  honorem 

Christi  sacratam,  Mariae  Virginis  almae 

Anno  milleno  centeno  bis  geminato  \  ^  \ 

Ter  numero  deno  duplicato ;  adjungito  septem,  >  =     *       *    **' 

Turn  dena  Auguste  lux  resplenderet  et  una.  j  *4  7- 

♦»•'♦ 

From  Lord  Orford's  works,  vol  iii.  p.  25,  an  original  inscription — 
Anno  milleno  Domini  cum  septuageno  ) 

Et  bis  centeno,  cum  completo  quasi  deno.  J 


On  the  battle  of  Berchtem,  in  Franconia,  on  nth  January  1400— 

Post  M  C  quadruplex  Berchtem  fuit  maxima  strages.  =     1400 

The  following  is  quoted  by  Locrius  in  his  '  Chronicon  Belgicum ' 
(see  p.  121,  ante),  as  an  old  verse  to  indicate  the  antiquity  of  a 
religious  order — 

Anno  milleno  Domini,  deciesque  noveno,  1  = 

Norma  Berengarii  trunco  nova  ccepit  haberi.  J  9 

Also  this,  indicating  the  removal  of  the  remains  of  St.  Bertelius 
into  a  new  tomb  by  Bishop  Pontius,  or  Abbot  Peter  of  Atrebatum 
(Arras)  in  the  year  1228.  It  is  quoted  by  the  author  from  an  old 
manuscript — 

Anno  milleno,  bis  quarto,  bis  quoque  deno,  \ 

Atque  ducenteno,  sub  P.  Pastore  sereno  I  =     25th  Oct. 

Idibus  octavis  Octobris,  ab  ore  suavis,  t  1228. 

In  vas  e  vase  fecit  Bertelia  Phase.  ) 


to 


/  desire  the  reader's  indulgence,  and 

request   him    to   correct 

the  errors  printed  herein 

through  inadvertence  or  oversight, 

in  the  words  of  a  distich 

found  at  the  end  of 

a  curious  little  book 

printed  at  Leyden 

in 

the  year  1600, — 

C0RR1GE  QU&  LECTOR  PASSIM  HIC  ERRATA   VIDEBIS, 
NAM  TOTO  LIBRO  PLURJMA  INESSE  SCIO. 


INDEX. 


Si  3 


A  in  centre  of  chronograms 

in  a  circle,  336,  337. 
ABC  cum  notis,  etc. ,  a  curious 

book,  153. 
ABC  poems,  561. 
A  B  C  D  £  (whole  alphabet), 

160. 
Acrostic,  304, 336, 349, 359, 581. 
Acrostic,  a  very  long  one,  368. 
Acrostic  on  C.  Wild,  359. 
Acrostic  epitaph,  564. 
Acrostic  on  Haec  est  virga,  etc., 

492. 
Acrosticha  chronica,  497. 
Acrostics  on  AVE  MARIA,  484- 

494.  497-50L 
A  £  I  O  U  explained,  162,  379. 
JErichalcus  died  of  plague,  15a 
Aerschot  church,  621. 
Affligem,  61. 
Agincourt,  battle  of,  123. 
Aix-la-Chapelle,  peace  of,  117. 
Albert  1.  of  Prussia,  521. 
Albert,  son  of  Maximilian  11. , 

born,  150. 
Albert  becomes  Emperor,  140. 
Albert,   Bishop   of   Mayence, 

etc.,  346,  519. 
Albert,  governor  of  the  Nether- 
lands, 75r  75,  535. 
Albert  and  Isabella,  64. 
Alciatus,  A,  347. 
Alectromantia   seu  Divinatio, 

etc.,  a  work  by  Praetorius, 

478. 
Alexander,  Pope,  dies,  513. . 
Alliterations,  1^7,  341. 
Alliterative  addresses,  95,  96. 
Alliterative  verses,  341. 
Alphabetical  collection,  152. 
Alphabetical   eulogy  on    Mr. 

Bex,  112. 


Alpbabetum  muliebre,  mala? 
mulieres,  161. 

Altorf  University  festival,  330 ; 
list  of  dignitaries  there,  in 
chronogram,  331,  332. 

Alva  y  Astorga,  works  by,  482. 

Amorbach  monastery,  306, 308, 

309- 

Amsterdam  chronograms,  532. 

Anagram  in  a  star  shape,  506. 

Anagram  on  ave  maria,  497. 

Anagrammata  sacra,  592. 

Anagrams,  3,  9,  15,  20,  25, 77- 
79,  91,  92,  107-110,  119, 157, 
158,  166,  172,  174,  178,  287, 
288,  300,  333,  339,  346,  353, 
396,  444,  463,  464,  476,  484, 

495.  506,  542- 
Anagrams,    panegyrics   on   a 

bishop   of  Wtirzburg,  287, 

288. 
Anagrams,  a  work,  The  Rosary, 

full  of  them,  combined  with 

chronograms,  442-456. 
Anaxagoras      (Konigsmarck), 

157. 
Angelic    Salutation,    482-484, 

495>    497;   remark   on   the 

anagrams  of,  504. 
Anhalt,  Prince  of,  360,  564. 
Anna  of  Saxony  died,  524. 
Anna,  wife  of  King  Ferdinand, 

dies,  137,  138. 
Anne,    Electress   of   Bavaria, 

oratio  funebris,  528. 
Anne,  wife  of  James  1.,  18. 
Anthropodemus  Plutonicus,  a 

work  by  J.  Praetorius,  466. 
Antwerp,  Abbot  Simeomo,  580. 
Antwerp,     Archbishops    of— 

Aubert,  92;    Beughen,  94; 

Spinosa,  96,  577 ;  Gamaren, 


572,  574 ;  Wellens,  576 ;  de 

Gentis,  580. 
Antwerp,  festival  of  the  thirty- 
six  Saints,  $82. 
Apollinis  spintualis  oraculum, 
a  502.  505.  508. 
Apollo    heroicus    et    lyricus, 

peace     congratulations     at 

Oliva,  390. 
Apollo  spintualis,  508. 
Applausus  panegyricus,  96. 
Arbustum  vel  arboretum  augus- 

taneum,  209. 
Armada,  the  Spanish,  158. 
Arras,  date  verses,  619. 
Artaunura,  i.e.  Wtirzburg,  271. 
Artois,  events  of  war  in,  126, 127. 
Artois,  the  Counts  of,  122, 123. 
Assassination  of  Guise,  128. 

of  William  the  Silent,  120. 

of  Henry  in.  of  France,  128, 

of  wenceslaus  in.,  165. 
of  Bishop  Melchior,  273. 

Astrasa  Judex,  554. 

Aubert,  Archbishop  of  Ant- 
werp, 92. 

Augsburg  Confession,  517 ; 
coronation  festival,  180. 

Augustus,  Duke  of  Brunswick, 
and  his  family,  209. 

Augustus  William,  Duke  of 
Brunswick,  223. 

Augustus,  Duke  of  Saxony, 
born,  14& 

Aula  honoris  at  Mayence  Uni- 
versity, 329. 

Aurora  exorta,  a  congratulation 
to  Duke  Ferdinand  on  birth 
of  daughter,  206. 

Avianius,  J.,  chronograms  of 
events,  1500  to  1596,  51a. 


624 


INDEX. 


Ave  Maria,  etc.,  482,  483; 
anagrams  on,  484,  495,  497  ; 
remarks  on,  504. 

Bad  Weather,  cold,  heat, 

and  drought,  133. 
Baert,  P.  J.,  pun  on  his  name, 

and  chronogram,  95. 
Bagen,  S.,  epitaph  of  57. 
Balbinus,  J.,  143. 
Balbus  built  a  wall,  5. 
Barbara     Radriwil     crowned 

Queen  of  Poland,  and  soon 

after  dies,  130. 
Barrow  .Gurney  church,  3. 
Bartholomew  Eve,   massacre, 

132. 
Bartolus  died,  145. 
Basle  University,  335. 
Batavia  triumphata,  59a 
Bavarian  war,  159. 
Beard,  allusion  to,  94,  95. 

Two  feet  long,  295. 
Begley,  Rev.  W. ,  books  belong- 
ing to,  96,  99,  zo6,  no,  113, 

166,  185,  253,  257.  286,  353. 

357.  366.  37a.  397.  4io.  427. 

442.  457.  5o8,  53*.  54i.  543. 
o  547.  551.  56?. 
Belgian  Chronicle,  121. 
Belgrade,  flag   taken   at   the 

capture  of,  44. 
Bellerophon  vulnerandorum,  a 

work  by  Prsetorius,  477. 
Bells,  chronograms   on,    566, 

567.  5%.  568,  568. 
Bembo,  Cardinal,  345. 
Berelius,  J.,  chronograms  by, 

Berens,  D.,  109. 
Berg  monastery,  3x0. 
Berges,  Archbishop  of  Mechlin, 

Bernhard,  Bishop  of  Minister, 
and  the  licentious  clergy,  131. 

Bertalan,  G.,  thanks  to,  363. 

Besius,  A.,  109. 

Bess  or  Besius,  Giles,  109. 

Beugen,  Archbishop  of  Ant- 
werp, 94. 

Bex,  Mr.,  eulogy  on,  112. 

Beyne,  F.  P.  du,  105. 

Bezsan,  J.  N.,  verses  on  bis 
early  death,  364. 

Bible,  remarkable  chronograms 
composed  of  words  from,  126, 

127.  *57- 
Bicken,  Archbishop  of  May- 

ence,  268. 
Bilhildis,  Saint,  275. 
Billoen,  Mr.,  poem  to,  37a* 
Binche  in  Hainault,  62. 
Birkhart,  sculptor,  565. 
Bishops,  German,  chapter  on, 

230,  251. 


Bismark  the  printer,  558. 

Bleib  bei  uns,  eta ,  159. 

Blind  chronogram  writers— 
Sporck,  427  ;  Joannes  Bapt. 
Agnensis,  483,  495. 

Blind  King  of  Bohemia,  146, 
165. 

Bogislaus,  Duke  of  Croy,  352. 

Bohemian  artists,  565. 

Bohemian  chronicle,  134. 

Bok,  a  bell-founder,  566. 

Bommersheim  church,  42. 

Bone,  W.,  and  his  wife,  a  pun- 
ning epitaph,  2. 

Bonn,  chronograms  at,  52. 

Booker's  almanac,  7,  8. 

Books  not  accessible,  589. 

Boonen,  Archbishop  of  Mech- 
lin, 88,  107. 

Borromeo,  Saint  Carlo,  a 
chronogrammatic  history  of 
him,  457  ;  anagram  on,  463, 
464. 

Botanical  (title  to  a  book  in 
chronogram,  466. 

Bottle,  chronogram  on,  158. 

Bourbon,  Henry,  Prince  of,  352. 

Bowridge,  J.,  epitaph,  2. 

Boyne,  the  battle,  29. 

Breslau,  Leopold  festival,  188. 

Brixia,  the  town  burnt,  139, 141. 

Broadsheets,  Flemish,  49,  50, 

54i- 

Broadsheets  at  Society  of  An- 
tiquaries, 8. 

Brim,  M.  ie,  Abbot,  108. 

Brunswick,  Dukes  of,  congra- 
tulations, etc.,  209-224. 

Brussels  chronograms,  49,  50, 

5i. 

Brussels  jubilee,  543. 

Bruxellensium  triumphus,  a 
panegyric  on  Ferdinand,  77. 

Bruyne,  L.  de,  108. 

Buckingham,  Duke  of,  12. 

Bucquoy,  Charles,  Count  of,  72, 
73.75- 

Buda  occupied  by  the  Turks 
and  devastated,  147,  148. 

Buda,  victory  gained  by  the 
Christians,  many  chrono- 
grams thereon,  153-156. 

Burcardus,  F.,  born,  513. 

Burianus,  J.,  dies  young,  137. 

Burnet,  Bishop,  31. 

Buttelar,  Bishop,  42. 

C,  the  letter,  alliterative  ad- 
dress, 95. 

Cabala,  187, 200, 205,  289, 312, 
315, 353. 555 ;  on  Charles  vi., 
200-205 ;  on  a  Bishop  of 
Wurzburg,  289. 

Caesar,  P.,  murdered. in  bed- 
room, 132. 


Caesar :  the  text  '  give  unto 
Caesar,  etc,'  put  in  chrono- 
gram. 569, 570. 

Cafmeyer,  error  of  the  name 
explained,  115. 

Calendar  of  1666  by  Prsetorius, 
471. 

Calendar  of  1726,  and  amusing 
sets  of  chronograms,  410- 
426 ;  and  translation,  424. 

Calendar  rectified,  523. 

Calm,  F.,  author  of  chrono- 
grams, 206. 

Camenicenus,  J.,  celebrated 
preacher,  died,  152. 

Camin,  Bishop  of,  352. 

Canal  at  Ghent,  535. 

Canal  at  Louvain,  no,  530. 

Cancer  chronographice  tn- 
cedens,  429, 430. 

Canisius,  F.  H.,  poems  and 
epigrams,  104. 

Carl  Theodor,  Count  Palatine, 
224. 

Carlovicius,  C,  died,  137. 

Carmelus  triumphans,  a  pane- 

^gync,  95- 

Carokvicius,    C,    born,   151  ; 

died,  137. 
Casier,  A. ,  no. 
Cassel  Museum,  45-47. 
Castor     and     Pollux,      230, 

Catharine  de  Medfcis  poisoned, 
351. 

Catharine,  Princess  of  Lane- 
burg;.  35*. 

Catharine,  wife  of  Gustavus  of 
Sweden,  dies,  129. 

C.  C.  C.  C.  C  C.  Lycophron- 
Carolinus,  a  panegyric  on 
Emperor,  173. 

C.  CVCVLVM  VIXI,  591. 

Charles  I.,  journey  to  Scotland, 
22-24  ;  execution  of,  verses, 
26,  27. 

Charles  1.  of  Spain  abdicates, 
125. 

Charles  11.  of  England,  returns 
from  Spain,  19;  marries 
Catharine  of  Portugal,  28 ; 
royal  arms  inscribed,  7. 

Charles  iv.,  Emperor,  died, 
IS*- 

Charles  v.,  emperor,  born,  139, 
513;  crowned,  139, 515  ;  died, 
127, 148, 151,  520 ;  a  volume 
of  remarkable  tracts  concern- 
ing him,  172. 

Charles  v.  of  Lorraine,  380. 

Charles  vi.,  emperor,  173;  fete 
at  Brussels,  528  ;  accession 
ftte,  280,  281 ;  various  pane- 
gyrics, 172 ;  coronation,  172 ; 
the  electors  address  him  in 


INDEX. 


625 


chronograms,  176 ;  Fons  in- 
exhaustus,  108  ;  cabala  odes, 
aoo ;  eulogium  of,  435  ; 
twenty  -  six  anagrams  on 
name,  174 ;  others,  178 ;  coro- 
nation festival  at  Augsburg, 
180. 

Charles  vn.  of  France,  123. 

Charles  Alexander,  Governor 
of  the  Netherlands,  81,  no, 

53°. 
Charles,  Archduke,  born,  143  ; 

died,  525. 
Charles  Borbonius  takes  Rome, 

and  is  killed,  126. 
Charles  Borromeo,  his  history 

in  chronogram,  459. 
Charles,   dauphin  of  Vienna, 

123. 
Charles,    Duke   of  Lorraine, 

victory  at  Buda,  153. 
Charles  Joseph,  Archduke,  351. 
Charles,    Prince    of    Wales, 

courts  the  Infanta  of  Spain, 

and  returns  to  England,  10. 
Charles  the  Bold,  of  Burgundy, 

slain,  124. 
Charles  the  Emperor  subdues 

all  Germany,  126. 
Chemnitz,  M.,  life  and  death, 

359* 
Cherubin    et   Seraphin,    159, 

344} 
Chiromancy,  a  work  on,  473, 

474- 

Christianus  loquitur  —  Turca 
respondet,  on  the  defeat  of 
the  Turks  in  Hungary,  166. 

Christina,  Queen  of  Sweden, 
394,  403. 

Christopher  Francis,  Bishop  of 
Wurzburg,  286;  conversa- 
tional panegyric  on,  287, 289, 
291. 

Chron-anagrams,  166, 158.  See 
also  Rosary,  442. 

Chron-anagrams  on  defeat  of 
the  Turks  in  Hungary,  166, 
167. 

Chron-anagrams,  the  Rosary, 
444-456. 

Chronica  chronographica,  590. 

Chronicles,  the  Belgian,  121 ; 
the  Saxon,  128,  341  ;  the 
Bohemian,  134;  Frankfort, 
544 ;  Wurzburg  diocese,  271. 

Chronostica  votiva,  362,  365. 

Chytraeus,  D.,  his  chronicle, 
128,  341. 

Circle,  chronogram  in,  222, 337. 

Claudia  Felicitas,  second  wife 
of  Leopold  1.,  163,  166. 

Clement  Augustus,  the  young 
bishop,  230,  241. 

Clement  vl,  Pope,  435. 


Clement  vn.,  Pope,  516,  517. 
Cobbelgiers,  John,  panegyric 

on,  91,  92. 
Codicillus,  J.,  died,  148,  566. 
Coligny,  murdered,  132,  522. 
Cologne,  Archbishop.  SetGeb- 

bard  and  Clement  Augustus. 
Colophon  chronograms,    571, 

632. 
Columbus,  Christopher,  125. 
Comet,    142,    477,    591  ;    at 

birth  of  James  11.,  21 ;  in 

*5&»  139;  seen  at  Prague, 

142. 
Commanding  officers,    verses 

to,  382. 
Conflagrations   at   Renneveg, 

49  ;  Weimar,  52  ;  Tymau, 
'  53;  Brixia  and  other  places, 

139,    141  ;    Caslavia,    141  ; 

Glatz,     142 ;    Iglau,    142  ; 

Pragud,   142,    143;   Tabor, 

147;   Tachu  burnt  for  the 

seventh  time,  149 ;  Zittau, 

157;  Nuremberg,  570;  Er- 
furt, 523 ;  caused  by  tobacco, 

570 ;  London,  473. 
Congratulations    to    persons, 

etc.,  in  Flanders  and  Hol- 
land, 104. 
Conturbabantur,  557. 
Conversational  panegyric  on  a 

bishop  of  Wurzburg,  287, 

289,  291. 
Corollas     Majales,    or     May 

wreaths,     rhyming      Latin 

verses,  310,  320. 
Cracow,  Bishop  of,  301. 
Cranmer,  Thomas,  burnt,  520. 
Creusen,    Bishop  of  Malines, 

105,  Sa8. 
Croix,  le  mystere,  551. 
Crompaut,  P.  van,  109. 
Cromwell,  riddle  on  his  name, 

25 ;  chronogram  on,  28, 590 ; 

funeral  of,  33. 
Cropacius,  C.,  poet,  137. 
CrotaLIstrIa,  etc,  570. 
Cruesen,    J.,    Archbishop    of 

Mechlin,  105,  528. 
Crux  chronographica,  529. 
Csank,  P.,  verses  to,  364. 
Cucheinollibeag,  a  Persian,  his 

portrait,  350. 
CVCVLLVM,  313,  591. 
CVM  Deo  PliE,  etc.,  the  title 

of  a  book,  591. 
Cunctator,  an  epithet  -applied 

to     the    infant    Archduke 

Leopold,  185,  193. 
Cuni,  Charles,  108. 
Cuthenus,    M.,   a    writer    of 

chronograms,  died,  141. 
Cyprus  invaded,  522. 
Czaslavi  town,  burnt,  141. 

4* 


Dacher5den,  curious  verses, 
556. 

Daemonologia  Rubenzalii 

Silesii,  a  work  by  Praetorius, 
481. 

Damman,  J.,  108. 

Danckelmann,  158. 

Daneels,  J.  B.,  108. 

Daniel  Schwenter,  562. 

Danits,  E.,  poems  and  chrono- 
grams, by,  362. 

Dantiscopolitani,  557. 

Dantzig,  siege  of,  523  ;  Univer- 
sity of,  333. 

Dates  quaintly  expressed,  612. 

Daun,  governor  of  the  Nether- 
lands, 526. 

Debtor  refused  to  pay  when  new 
style  reckoning  began,  524. 

Deceased  wife's  sister,  587, 588. 

Deduction,  date  indicated  by, 

DeLetI  MorInI,  50,  126, 
Delicise  physico-mathematica, 

562. 
Despota,  Alexander,  Prince  of 

Wallachia,  reinstated,  131. 
Devil  (Teuffel)  and  his  mother, 

273,284. 
Devon,  county  of,  chronogram, 

2,4. 
Dice  and  gaming,  559. 
Dippat,  his  renunciation,  very 

curious,  551. 
Discalceate  trinitarians,  547. 
Distinguished  persons,  343. 
Dlabacz,   dictionary  of  Bohe- 
mian artists,  565. 
Dog  days  heat,  585. 
Dotislaeger,  J.,  109. 
Domus  sapientiae,  317. 
Dooms,  J.  G.,  a  painter,  566. 
Dragon  at  Ghent,  535. 
Drought,     heat,     and      bad 

weather,  133,  157. 
Durus  et  minax  cometae  cauda, 

Dutch  poem,  a  jocose  one,  372. 
Dyneley,  M.,  epitaph,  615. 

Easter  Egg,  emblem  at  coro- 
nation of  Charles  vi.,  182 ;  at 
the  Leopold  festival,  191. 

Eber,  P.,  born,  514 ;  died,  522. 

Edward  in.  of  England,  558. 

Edward  VI.  of  England,  518. 

Eeden,  A.  van,  poem  and  ana- 
gram to,  02. 

Elder  in,  bishop  of  Liege,  95. 

Elford,  Mary,  epitaph,  4. 

Elision  of  vowels  in  a  whole 
line,  228. 

Elizabeth, daughter  of  James  I., 
marries  Frederick,  Count 
Palatine,  13. 


6a6 


INDEX. 


Elizabeth  of  England,  portrait 

of,  6 ;  born,  517. 
Elizabeth,     wife     of     Philip 

Augustus,  dies  alter  giving 

birth  to  twins,  122. 
eMitb   pVbLICe,  etc.,    the 

final  words  of  a  book,  571. 
Emperors  of  Germany,  163. 
Engelhart,  L.,  death,  361. 
England,  chronograms  in,  1, 

585. 
Epigrams  by  Vrientius,  534. 
Epistola  responsoria,  397. 
Eques  cataphractus,  133. 
Erasmus  born,  150 ;  died,  517. 
Erfurt,  Scotch  church  at,  57, 58. 
Eric  in.  of  Sweden  is  born, 

129 ;  is  crowned,  131. 
Ernest,  Duke  of  Croy,  352. 
Ernest,  son  of  Maximilian  n. , 

born,  143. 
Escher,    Helnricb,  panegyric, 

poems,  and  anagram,  353. 
Eteosticha  votiva,  591. 
Expenses  of  war,  397. 

Fabricius,  G.,  131, 133. 

Famine,  time  of,  313. 

Faringdon  church,  2. 

Faustus,  Chr.,  tracts  by,  591. 

Fayer,  V.,  his  epitaph,  151. 

Feticitus  Claudia,  163, 166. 

Ferdinand  1.,  Archduke,  born 
in  Castile,  140. 

Ferdinand  n. ,  King  of  Bo- 
hemia, 71. 

Ferdinand,  King  of  Bohemia, 
elected,  150 ;  enters  Prague, 
150. 

Ferdinand  elected  King  of  the 
Romans,  517  ;  died,  cai. 

Ferdinand  in.,  his  death,  165  ; 
oratio  ranebris,  527. 

Ferdinand,  Emperor,  died, 
i4S.  1°$. 

Ferdinand,  governor  of  the 
Netherlands,  77. 

Ferdinand,  Archduke  of 
Austria,  born,  140. 

Ferdinand,  son  of  Maximilian 
11.,  the  emperor,  born,  140  ; 
died,  143. 

Ferdinand  Augustus,  king  of 
Bohemia,  72* 

Ferdinand,  t>uke  of  Bavaria, 
congratulations  on  birth  of 
daughter,  and  of  son  Maxi- 
milian Emmanuel,  206. 

Fernery,  chronogram  for,  587. 

Ferrara  cathedral,  621. 

Final  words  of  a  book,  curious, 

57X. 
fInIto  LIbro,  etc.,  inscribed 
in  a  ms.  to  date  its  comple- 
tion, 571. 


Fires.    Set  Conflagrations. 

Fischer,  an  engraver,  566. 

Fish,  on  a  man  feeding  them 
at  sea,  435. 

Flemish  bishops  and  digni- 
taries, 88,  572. 

Florence  Cathedral,  621. 

Fons  inexhaustus,  a  panegyric 
on  Charles  vi*  198. 

Fountains  emblematical  of 
Charles  vi.,  198. 

Francis,  Archduke  of  Austria, 
dies  on  his  marriage  day, 
184. 

Francis  of  France  and  Henry 
viii.  of  England  die  in  same 
year,  519. 

Francis  1.  of  France,  515,  519  ; 
defeated  at  Ticino,  125. 

Francis  iv.  of  France,  351. 

Francis  Arnold,  bishop,  257. 

Frankfort,  library  at,  38  ;  epi- 
taphs, 545 ;  chronicle,  544. 

Frederic,  a  quaint  acrostic, 
1 6a 

Frederic  Charles,  Bishop  of 
Wurzburg,  296,  297;  ana- 
gram on,  300. 

Frederic  Duke  of  Branden- 
burg, 38a 

Frederic,  Maurice,  Prince  of 
Anhalt,  his  premature  death, 

360.564* 
Frederic,    Prince  and   Count 

Palatine,  married  Elizabeth, 

daughter  of  Tames  1.,  13,  71 ; 

defeated  at  Prague,  72. 
Frederick  Augustus  of  Poland, 

5*3- 
Frederick    11.    of    Denmark. 

35a. 
Freising,  Bishop  of,  253. 
Fry,  Ann,  epitaph,  2. 
Fulda  Cathedral,  epitaphs,  42 ; 

Calvary  hill  at,  41. 
Funeral  elegies,  563. 
Funeral  orations  and  dirges, 

358. 
Funny  little  stories,  434. 
FOrstenberg,      Prince-Bishop, 

*5i. 


G.  Gibssen,  alliterative 
on,  341. 

Gaden,  near  Vienna,  49. 

Gale,  E.,  an  apothecary,  12. 

Gameren,  Archbishop  of  Ant- 
werp, 572.574.    r    ^ 

Garter,  the  Order  of,  558. 

Gazophulaci  gaudium,  a  work 
by  Prsetorius,  481. 

Gebhard,  Archbishop  of  Co- 
logne, 76 ;  gets  into  disgrace 
by  marriage,  255,  256 ;  ex- 
communicated, 524. 


Geldart,  Rev.  E.,  chronograms 

by.  586,  587. 
Gelenia,  G.,  died,  14a 
Genomatsky,    a   bell-founder, 

568. 
George  I.  arrives  in  England, 

3i. 

George  11.  of  Hesse,  225,  226 ; 
reconstitutes  Giessen  Uni- 
versity, 338.  339> 

George,  Duke  of  Saxony,  518. 

Gepflttckte  Fincken,  a  curious 
book,  160. 

German  dukes  and  landgraves, 
206k 

German  monasteries,  306k 

Germany,  local  chronograms, 

5». 
Gerson,  J.,  died,  145. 
Ghent,     epigrams    on,    535 ; 

Horenbeke,  Bishop  of,  91 ; 

fireworks,  536;   festival  at, 

536 ;  the  gilded  dragon,  535 ; 

caoal  at,  535. 
Giessen  University,  338 ;  ana- 
gram on  restoration  of,  339. 
Ginsburg,    Dr.      See   Hebrew 

chronograms,  593. 
Give  unto  Caesar,  569,  570. 
Glatovia.    See  Glatz. 
Glatz  town  burnt,  142;  acci- 
dent at  a  church,  144. 
Glen,  F.  de,  epitaph,  127. 
Glitzburg,  W.,  medal  of,  58. 
Glogau,  158. 
Glosowicz,  M.,  poem  on  Bishop 

of  Cracow  in  chronogram, 

301. 
Gloxinus,  F.,  lamentation,  357. 
Godefridus,  J.,  elegy,  565. 
Godinus,  F.,  Litania  chrono- 

grammatica,  497. 
Gosky,  work  by,  209. 
Gotha  captured  and  destroyed, 

521. 
Goufiart,  M.,  Abbot,  107. 
Governors  of  the  Netherlands, 
64. 

Charles  Alexander,  8i,  zio, 
530. 

Ferdinand,  77. 

Leopold,  William,  78. 

Albert  and  Isabella,  64,  535. 

Maria  Antonia,  8a 

Maria  Christina,  82. 

John  of  Austria,  104,  113. 

Clara  Eugenia,  5361 

Isabella  Clara  Eugenia,  536k 

De  Daun,  536. 
Grammont,    College    of,    ap- 
plauses by,  106. 
Granville,  A.  P.  de,  345. 
GriLtz,  chronograms  at,  48,  49. 
Grau    University,    paneg   ' 

on  Emperor  Joseph  1.,  16 


INDEX. 


627 


Grade  chronogram,  321;  re- 
marks on,  331,  332. 

Greek  numerals,  321. 

Gregorian  calendar  promul- 
gated, 523. 

Greiffenberg,  158. 

Grieffenclau,  Bishop,  278 ;  pre- 
sented a  silver  shrine,  274. 

Gropp,  Ignatius,  works  by, 
272,  286,  306. 

Grunewald,  J.  W.,  died  of  a 
severe  illness,  361. 

Gruter,  A.  F.  de,  108. 

Guido,  Archbishop  of  Rheims, 
not  a  favourite,  122. 

Guise  executed,  524. 

Guise,  Duke  of,  assassination, 
127,  128. 

Gustavus  succeeds  to  crown  of 
Sweden,  129 ;  death  of  his 
wife  Catharine,  129 ;  a  son 
born,  John,  129 ;  his  second 
wife,  Margaret,  dies,  130 ; 
death  of,  130,  131,  394; 
defeated  at  Leipzig,  394. 

Haan,  an  engraver,  567. 

Haarlem  chronograms,  533. 

Hacki,  author  of  Apollo  hero- 
icus,  400. 

Haeften,  B.,  107. 

Hague,  battle  of,  30. 

Hainer,  J.  N.,  verses  to,  364. 

Hajck,  his  scrap-book,  567. 

Halle  University,  334. 

Hamburg,  library  at,  39 ; 
chronogram  at,  40. 

Hampstead  hollow  tree,  6. 

Hanover,  medals  at,  43. 

Hebrew  chronograms,  593. 
See  also  Preface. 

Hedwig  of  Brandenburg,  129. 

Heilbrunner,  P.,  chronogram 
of  the  year  of  death,  and 
month,  day,  and  age,  358. 

Henrietta  Maria,  25. 

Henry  11.  of  France  died,  520. 

Henry  in.  of  France  assas- 
sinated, 128,  159,  524. 

Henry  v.  of  England,  con- 
spiracy against,  10. 

Henry  vm.  of  England,  351, 

5X4»  5*7- 
Henry,  Duke  of  Saxony,  518. 
Henry  of  Bourbon  poisoned, 

35a- 

Henry  becomes  King  of  Po- 
land, and  abdicates  in  same 
year,  522. 

Henry  Frederick,  Prince  of 
Wales,  11,  14,  16. 

Hercules  Austriacus,  a  pane- 
gyric on  Emperor  Joseph  1., 
169. 

Herve,  rejoicings  at,  on  arrival 


of  Maria  Christina  and 
Albert,  Governors  of  the 
Netherlands,  82-87. 

Hesse-Cassel,  45-47. 

Hesse,  foundation-stone  of  a 
castle  inscribed  with  chrono- 
gram, 569. 

Hesse,  Landgraves  of,  224, 
226,  229,  338. 

Hildesheim,  43,  44. 

Hilton,  J.,  chronogram  on,  1. 

Hinton  church,  3. 

Hochenburger,  author  of 
Hercules  Austriacus,  169. 

Hodie  mini  eras  ibi,  360,  591. 

Holbling,  J.,  his  illness,  364. 

Hollow  tree,  Hampstead,  6. 

Homburg,  library  at,  39. 

Horenbeke,  Bishop,  91. 

Horizon  trinitario,  etc.,  547. 

Horvath,  J.  N.,  verses  to,  363. 

Houte,  J.  vanden,  109. 

Hulseman,  doctor,  476. 

Hunnius,  G..  threnologia,  358. 

Huss,  John,  43,  144. 

Hussinecius,  a  physician,  dies 
of  the  plague,  146. 

Hutten,  Bishop  of  Wurzburg, 
286. 

Ich  dibn,  origin  of,  147,  note. 
Iglau,    town    burnt    through 

drunken  revels,  142. 
Immaculate  Conception,  the, 

482. 
Ingenii  luctus  tempore,  556. 
Innocent  XL,  verses  to,  377, 

400. 
Innocent  xii.,  Pope,  345. 
Inundations   in  Europe,   158, 

159  ;  the  river  Weser,  620 ; 

at  Zwolle,  618. 
Isabella  Clara  Eugenia,  the  In- 
fanta of  Spain,  born,   127. 

And  see  Albert  and  Isabella ; 

also  536. 
Isabella  of  Spain  dies,  126. 
Isabella,  Queen  of  Hungary, 

dies  in  childbirth,  129. 

Jambs  i.,  journey  to  Scotland, 
17,  24;  death  of  his  wife 
Anne,  18  ;  his  death,  2a 

James  11.,  birth  of,  21. 
ansenists,  the,  548. 
ardim   anagrammatico,  etc., 
by  Alonso  de  Alcala  y  Her- 
rera,  442,  456. 
a  esuits'  order  established,  518. 
esus,  acrostic  on,  159,  160. 
esus  Christ  born,  151. 
,  ews  slain  at  Prague,  616. 
'  ocose  poem  in  Dutch,  372. 
John,     Elector     of    Saxony, 
5*7. 


John  Frederic  and'  Maurice 
prevented  from  war,  518. 

John  George,  Duke  of  Saxony, 
380. 

John,  King  of  Poland,  dead, 

John  of  Arragon,  the  Infanta, 
dies  of  fever,  a  great  shock 
to  his  wife,  125. 

John  of  Austria,  104 ;  at  the  • 
siege  of  Valenciennes,  113. 

John  Philip,  Bishop,  presents 
a  silver  shrine,  274 ;  his  elec- 
tion, 278  ;  his  death,  279. 

John,  Prince  of  Burgundy, 
slain,  123,  124. 

John,  the  blind  King  of  Bohe- 
mia, 146. 

John  Theodore,  Bishop,  253. 
ohn  William  of  Saxony,  522. 
oseph  1. ,  Emperor,  169 ;  verses 
to,  401 ;  death  of,  279. 

Joseph  1.,  Emperor,  Hercules 
Austriacus,  an  emblematical 
panegyric,  170. 

Joseph  Clement,  Bishop,  252. 
ourney  in  search  of  chrono- 
grams, 37. 
ibilations,  560. 
udgment,  day  of,  foretold,  157. 
ulius,  Bishop,  273,  274. 
ulius,  Pope,  514. 

Kelembn,  E.,  verses  to,  363. 

Kohari,  Count  Stephen,  pane- 
gyric on,  366 ;  a  long  acros- 
tic, 368. 

Kollonics,  A.,  547. 

Korland,  W.,  dies  at  six  in 
evening,  138. 

Krumpfer,  a  bell-founder,  567. 

Kunmken,  J.,  nuptial  verses, 
357- 

Labyrinth  Chronogram,  73. 
Labyrinth  square,  494. 
Ladislaus,  King  of  Bohemia, 

abdicates,  144. 
Ladislaus,  King  of  Hungary, 

died,  150,  151. 
Lambertus  Pevee  on  the  AVE 

maria,  chronograms  by  him, 

„  495»  49& 

Landau,  siege  of,  179. 

Landrechie,  siege  of,  80. 

Langham,  Elizabeth,  9. 

Last  day  foretold,  157 ;  alluded 

to,  8. 
Last  words  of  a  dying  Prior, 

122. 
Leenheer,  author,  560,  561. 
Leipzig,  Swedes  defeated  at, 

394;  Austrians  defeated  at, 

394- 
Leipzig  University,  342. 


628 


INDEX. 


Lemmens,  J.,  on  his  being 
elected  member  of  a  society, 

T  374- 

Leonine  verses,  160,  303. 

Leopold  1.,  bis  three  wives, 
162;  his  election  as  emperor, 
163 ;  he  marries  Margaret, 
164 ;  succeeds  Ferdinand, 
165  ;  his  second  wife  Claudia, 
166;  chron-  anagrams  on, 
157,  166;  panegyric  chrono- 
grams, 168  ;  verses  to,  377  ; 
victory  at  Buda,  153 ;  euio- 
gies  to,  43$. 

Leopold,  infant  son  of  Charles 
vi.,  180-184;  toe  order  of 
the  Golden  Fleece  conferred 
on  him,  183;  a  volume  of 
thirty-four  panegyrics  by  the 
Jesuits,  185-197;  he  is  de- 
signated as  Leopold  11.,  185, 
189 ;  he  is  called  '  cunctator,' 
185,  193. 

Leopold  !i..  Emperor,  and  the 
Netherlands  peace  congress, 

533- 
Leopold  William,  Archduke, 

35*' 
Leopold  William,  governor  of 
the  Netherlands,  panegyric 

°n»  78.  351' 
Leovitius,  C,  mathematician, 

14a. 
Lepanto,  battle  of,  569,  570. 
Lersner,  applause  to,  544. 
Lessus  Gallicus,  a  curious  tract, 

117. 
Lewatte,  A.,  Abbot,  108. 
Lewis  vi.  of  Bavaria,  361. 
Lewis  viii.,  Count  of  Flanders, 


123. 
Lewis 


of 


viii.,     Landgrave 

Hesse,  46,  224. 
Lewis  viii.  of  France,  122. 
Lewis,  Count  Palatine,  564. 
Lewis,  King  of  Hungary,  514- 

516. 
Lewis,  the  young  King  of  Hun- 
gary, killed  in  battle,  147. 
Lewis  of  Wurtemberg  died,  525. 
Lex,  Grex,  Rex,  Res,  etc.,  160. 
Lightning,  church  tower  struck 

during  service  time,  620. 
Liliendael,  60. 
Lipsky,  J.,  Bishop  of  Cracow, 

302. 
Little  Braxted  church,  586. 
Livre  des  prestres,  591. 
Locre,  F.  de,  author,  121. 
Logogryph  verses,  86,  243, 245, 

258,  264,  266,  506,  507. 
London,  the  fire  of,  473. 
Long  words,  557. 
Lotharius,  Bishop  of  Mayenoe, 

268,  283. 


Louis.    Set  Lewis. 

Louvain,  canal  at,  opened,  no, 

53°- 
Low,  Doctor,  eulogium  of,  436. 
Ludicrum  chiromanticum  Prae- 

torii,  a  book,  473. 
Ludovicus,  son  of  Wladislas, 

King  of  Hungary,  born,  144. 
Ludwig  of  Hesse,  224. 
Lunseus,    M.,    died,    ex    vita 

emigravit,  148,  149. 
Luneburg,  chronogram  at,  43. 
Lupacius,  P.,  chronicle,  134. 
Lusus  chronogram  rnaticus,  318. 
Luther,  343,  344,  468,  515, 519. 
Lycophron.  5«  C.C.GC.C.C. 

Magdeburg,  siege  of,    519; 

surrender  of,  519. 
Magna  et  usque,  411. 
Mains.    See  Mayence. 
Makal,  a  bell-founder,  567. 
Malines.    See  Mechlin. 
Marburg    in   Styria,    chrono- 
grams at,  47,  48. 
Maroellus,  Pope,  520. 
Marcus  of  Aviano,   a   monk 

noted    for    his    miraculous 

power,  313. 
Margaret,  Countess  of  Artois, 

123. 
Margaret    of    Spain    marries 

Leopold  1. ,  164. 
Margaret,  wife  of  Gustavus, 

died,  130. 
Maria  Antonja,  governess  of  the 

Netherlands,  80. 
Maria  Christina,  82. 
Maria,  daughter  of  Charles  v., 

born,  143, 144 ;  married,  148. 
Maria,  daughter  of  Maximilian 

11. ,  born,  145. 
Maria  Paradoxica  vita  sancti 

Caroli  Borromsei,  458. 
Maria  Theresia,  eulogium  of, 

436,  466. 
Maria  virgo  sob's,  560. 
Marshall,  chronogram  on  the 

name,  8. 
Martin,  St.,  of  Tours,  46. 
Mary  11.  of  England,  30. 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  524. 
Matnias,  Archduke,  bom,  139. 
Matilda  Teuffel,  273. 
Matthias  11. ,  King  of  Hungary, 

crowned,  153,  158. 
Maximilian  1.  proclaimed,  140 ; 

died,  137. 
Maximilian  11.  crowned,  148; 

died,  149. 
Maxim  ilian  11 . ,  King  of  Poland , 

5*2»  $*3- 
Maximilian,  Archduke  of  Aus- 
tria, elected  king  of  Bohemia, 
138. 


Maximilian  Emanuel  of  Bava- 
ria, 72,  ao6,  579. 

Maximilian  of  Austria  married, 
124 ;  and  his  wife  dies,  124. 

Maximilian,  son  of  Ferdinand, 
marries  Maria,  daughter  of 
Charles  v.,  148. 

Maximilian,  son  of  Maximilian 
11.,  born,  149. 

Mayence,  archbishopric  of, 
268;  Bishops  of,  57,  346; 
chronograms  at,  57, 269, 270 ; 
University,  329. 

Mazarin,  33,  59a 

Mean,  Prince  de,  Archbishop  of 
Mechlin,  numerous  chrono- 
grams, 99-103.  539. 

Mechlin,  various  epitaphs  at, 
58-60;  king  of  France  ascends 
tower,  59 ;  Beguinage  at,  60 ; 
James  Boonen,  Archbishop, 
88,  107 ;  various  other  pane- 
gyrics, 90, 96, 99-103;  Beiges, 
Archbishop,  529 ;  Saint  Ku-  , 
mold,  536. 

Medicus  moriens,  11. 

Meditationes  emblematica?, 
etc.,  57a 

Melanchthon,  43,  344,  520. 

Melchior,  Bishop,  273. 

Melissaeus,  epitaph  of,  150. 

Melissus,  poems  by,  569. 

Membury  church,  2. 

Mestecenus,  H.,  priest,  died, 
149. 

Metamorphosis  angelica,  591. 

Meurant,  H.,  no. 

Meyer,  J.,  pastor,  34* 

Michael,  a  bell-founder,  568. 

Michalovicius,  J.,  died,  139. 

Militia  Immaculatse  concep- 
tionis  Virginis  Marise,  a 
book,  482. 

Miraculous  Hosts,  the,  113. 

Mosstus  thorus  archiducalis, 
when  the  Archduke  died  on 
the  day  of  his  marriage,  184. 

Monasteries  in  Flanders, 
various  date  verses,  618,  619. 

Monasteries  in  Germany,  306. 

Monastery  of  Oliva,  399;  of 
Ober-alt-aich,  311. 

Monastery  in  Bavaria,  date 
verses,  620. 

Monk,  a  reprobate,  becomes  a 
saint,  315 ;  possessed  a  mira- 
culous power,  313. 

Mons  in  Hainault,  6a,  63. 

Morini,  the  country  of,  1261 

Morosini,  Venetian  admiral, 
380,40a. 

Moulenbay,  G.,  no. 

MUller,  an  engraver,  568, 

MUnster,  44,  45 ;  taken  by  the 
French,  159 ;  siege  of,  and 


INDEX. 


629 


end  of  the  Anabaptist '  king- 
dom/ 5x7 ;  Francis,  Bishop 
of,  257;  Bishop  and  licen- 
tious clergy;  131. 
Mystere  de  la  croix,  551. 

Nkpomuk,  St.  John,  426 ;  a 

prayer  to,  452. 
Netherlands,  some  affairs,  526. 
Netherlands.  See  Governors  of. 
Nt^w   avofifffULra   fnj   flora* 

o$w,  477. 
Noises  in  the  streets,  560. 
Novitas  appensa,  etc.,  MB* 
Novus    annus    Leopoldi,    an 

applause  at  Wteburg  Uni- 
versity, 322. 
Number  066  of  the  beast,  8, 

465.  467. 468.  469. 4s!*  602. 
Nuptial    verses    and    funeral 

orations,  356. 
Nuremberg,         conflagration 

caused  by  tobacco,  570. 

Oak  thee,  i.e.  Ober-alt-Aich 

monastery,  311,  3x2. 
Ober-alt-Aich,  6x6;  monastery, 

311 ;  costly  relics  there,  3x4 ; 

all  things  become  new  there, 

3x4 ;  a  reformed  monk  there, 

3*5- 
Ober-Ursel,  chronograms   at, 

4'.  42. 

01dendorp,J.,  347. 

Oliva  monastery,  399. 

Olmtttz,  Bishop  of,  253 ;  Leo- 
pold festival  at,  187. 

Olympius  olim  in  Grsscia  at 
Wursburg  University,  329. 

Orpheus,  J.,  died  of  the  plague, 
his  epitaph  verses,  149. 

Osnabruck,  chronogram  at,  43. 

Ostendana  Francorum  clades, 

Oxford  and  Cambridge  Univer- 
sities, 13,  14,  24. 
Oybin  monastery,  55. 

P,  alliterations  on  the  letter,  157. 

P,  alliterative  address.  95. 

Paderborn,  Bishop  of,  and  in- 
scriptions, 2«. 

Palindrome,  Nt^w,  etc.,  477. 

Palma  setatis  quaternse,  367. 

Palmistry,  474,  475. 

Paludanus,  J.,  105. 

Papa  pariens,  alliteration,  157. 

Parma  baptistery,  621. 

Parnassi  bicipitis,  a  remarkable 
panegyric  on  Albert  and  Isa- 
bella, 64-77. 

Paul  in.,  Pope,  dies,  519. 

paX  non  erit  paX,  etc,  57a 

Peace  congress  of  1791,  533. 

Peasant  war,  159,  516. 


Pell,  John,  in  Switzerland,  32 ; 

chronograms  preserved   by 

him,  34. 
Pennalismus,  a  game,  559. 
Perennot.    See  Granville,  345. 
Persian  ambassador,  350. 
Perwick,  Susanna,  9. 
Pesth  occupied  by  the  Turks, 

147. 
Peter  Leopold,  Emperor,  533. 
Peter  Philip,  Bishop,  277. 
Petrus  de  Trond,  broadsheet 

congratulation,  541. 
Philip,  King  of  Spain,  516. 
Philip  1.   of  Spain,  his  birth, 

118  ;  his  death,  513. 
Philip  II.  of  Spain,  126. 
Philip  in.  of  Spain,  death  of,  75. 
Philip  iv.  of  Spain,  76. 
Philip  Adolphus,  Bishop,  276. 
Philip  Carl,   Bishop  of  May- 

ence,  346. 
Philip,  Duke  of  Burgundy,  62. 
Philip,  Marquis  of  Baden,  352. 
Philip    of    Flanders,    Prince, 

dies  from  cold  drink,  125. 
Philip  the  Bold,  of  Burgundy, 

123- 
Philip  the  Good,  of  Burgundy, 

124. 
Phosphorus  in  hespero,  Leo- 
pold panegyric,  x88. 
Phosphorus,  sive  Stella  mutu- 

tena,  a  panegyric,  90. 
Physician,      Hussinecius     vir 

bonus  et  medicus,  dies  of 

the  plague,  146. 
Piccolomini,    a  play   on   the 

name,  384, 
Plausus   Parnassi    apparatus, 

Pochet,  J.,  works  by,  502,  505. 

Podiebradius,  magnincus  do- 
minus,  born,  141. 

Poemata  chronometra,etc. ,  591 . 

Poland,  many  chronograms  on 
the  affairs  of,  128-133. 

Poland,  Apollo  heroicus,  399. 

Portraits,  350,  572. 

Portuguese  language,  a  re- 
markable chronogrammatic 
work  in,  443-456* 

Post-office  at  Augsburg,  182. 

Potter,  F.,  on  the  number  666, 
6ix. 

Prsemylsus,  prince  of  Bohemia, 

*37- 

Praetorius,  J. ,  works  of,  465-481. 

Prague,  conflagration,  eclipse, 
comet,  and  hot  weather,  142 ; 
church  of  St.  Vitus  restored, 
etc.,  140,  165 ;  University 
founded,  141 ;  Jews  slain  at, 
6x6. 
I  Prideaux,  G.  F.,  name,  7. 


Printer  addresses  the  reader  in 

verse  to  excuse  errors,  391. 
Procopius  Lupacius,  chronicle, 

*34- 

Proxenus,  S.,  celebrated  pro- 
fessor of  law,  died,  151. 

Pure  chronograms,  291. 

Puzzle  lines,  508. 

QUAINT  DATE  VERSES,  6l2. 

Qu'etoit  qu'un  Due  de  Brabant, 
a  tract  with  chronogram,  571. 

Quentin,  St.,  the  French  de- 
feated at,  127,  520. 

Quintinopolis  (St.  Quintin),  the 
French  defeated  at,  127. 

Radivilus,  N.,  confirms  the 

true  religion  inWallachia,  131. 
Radkowa  died  at  Prague,  15a 
Radziwil,    Barbara,    crowned 

Queen  of  Poland,  and  soon 

after  dies,  13a 
Ramus,  P.,  047. 
Red  snow  fell,  138. 
Reformation  festivals,  47. 
Reimann,  C,  pastor,  346. 
Reiner,  an  artist,  568. 
Reius,  N.,  a  Lithuanian  poet, 

131. 
Religion  in  France  made  free, 

521. 
Renunciation  of  Roman  for  the 

Lutheran,  a  curious  epistle, 

55i- 
Reynell,  L.,  epitaph,  3. 
Rhetorum  Cotlegu  Sc  Adrian! 

poesis,  106. 
Rhodes  taken  from  the  Turks, 

Rlfco    CeCI    CVnICVLVM, 

59*- 

Roelofs,  C,  107. 

Roelofs,  J.,  anagram,  109. 

Rome  taken  by  Charles  Bor- 
bonius,  126. 

Rosarium  Sanctse  Virginis,  106. 

Rosary,  the,  a  remarkable 
Portuguese  work,  442. 

Roselius,  R.,  marriage,  360. 

Rubenzahl,  a  work  by  Praeto- 
rius on  witchcraft,  etc.,  478, 

479- 
Rudolph,  son  of  Maximilian  n. , 

born,    143,    145 ;    declared 

King    of    Bohemia,     147  ; 

crowned,  148,  158. 
Rumold,    Saint,    festival     at 

Mechlin,  596. 
Rural  dean,  the,  5. 
Ruremond,  William,  bishop  of, 

his  funeral  oration,  528. 

Sacrament  Robbery,  113, 
«4.  543.  6x6. 


630 


INDEX. 


Saints  in  Calendar,  4x4. 
Saints,    thirty-six,    festival  at 

Antwerp,  582. 
Samson    emblematical    of    a 

powerful  abbot,  307. 
Sapphic  verses,  337,  246. 
Satyrus  etymologicus,  a  work 

by  Praetorius,  478. 
saVL  qVID  Mb,  etc.,  157. 
Saxon  Qironicle,  128, 341. 
Scheldt  frozen  over,  127. 
Schellenberg,     C,     nuptial 

verses,  357. 
Schlachter,  an  engraver,  568. 
Schmidternus,  G.,  epitaph  of, 

Schreiter,  C.  D.,  doctor,  346. 
Schvanberg,  baron,  died,  144. 
Schwenter,  author,  563.' 
Scotch  churches  in  Germany, 

57»  58« 
Scrope,  Lord,  curious  enigma, 

10. 
Sebastian,  King  of  Portugal, 

S23. 
Serio-jocosse      narratiuncufee, 

434. 
Serpentine   verses  and    logo- 


$ryphs,  86. 
Ihillingfoi 


Shillingford  church,  a. 

Sibyl,  wife  of  John,  Elector, 

and  John  himself,  die,  520. 
Sibyls,  the  Persian,  and  others, 

71,7a. 
Sictor,  J. ,  chronograms  by,  393. 
Siege  of  Vienna,  149,  376,  516. 
Sigtsmund,   King  of   Poland, 

£14  ;  agrees  to  peace,  128  ; 

his  daughter  Isabella  marries 

John,  King  of  Hungary,  129 ; 

the  early  death  of  Sigismund, 

130 ;  begins  to  reign,  15x4. 
Silken  necklace  for  the  vezier, 

Silver  spade,  530,  531. 
Silver  shrine   or   image   pre- 
sented by  Bishop  Grienen- 

clau,  274,  278. 
Simeomo,      Abbot,     acrostic 

verses  and  applause,  58a 
666,  the  number,  8,  465,  467, 

468,  469, 481,  60a. 
Sixteenth  century  events,  5x2. 
Snow  of  red  colour,  138. 
Sobieski,  John,  401. 
Sol  oriens,  a  congratulation  to 
A    Duke  Ferdinand  on  birth  of 

son,  Maximilian  Emmanuel, 

306. 
Solipan,  the  word  explained^. 
Solyman,  the  terrible  Sultan, 

besieged  Vienna,  5x6  ;  died, 

Sophia  Elizabeth,  Duchess  of 
Brunswick,  313. 


Sophia,  Landgravine  of  Hesse, 

i59> 
Spalatini,  a  theologian,  569. 
Span,  L.,  doctor,  died,  139. 
Spanish  Armada,  158. 
Spanish  language,  chronogram 

in,  398. 
Spanish  succession  war,  curious 

verses  on,  397,  398. 
Spanoge,  Abbot  of  Scaldim, 

92.93- 

Spinola  captures  Breda,  77. 

Spinosa,  Carlo  de,  episcopus 
Tricalensisand  Mechlin,  96 ; 
Antwerp,  94,  577. 

Sporck,  Bishop  (Joannes  Ru- 
dolphus),  author  of  a  remark- 
able work  entirely  in  chrono- 
gram, 427,  592;  chrono- 
grams on  himself,  439,  440 ; 
his  artistic  works,  568. 

Sporck,  J.  J.,  347. 

Square  arrangement  of  chrono- 
grams, 73,  2x2,  494. 

Stade,  near  Hamburg,  52. 

Stanford  le  Hope  church,  3, 

S87. 
Steere,    Abbot,    at    Antwerp, 

105. 
Stella  pastoritia,  a  panegyric, 

91. 
Stephen,  King  of  Poland,  133, 

524. 
Stephen,  Prince  of  Wallachia, 

dies,  128. 
Stern,  J.,  congratulation,  356. 
Stevens,  H.,   his  catalogues, 

589- 
Sugelius,  poet,  died,  521. 
Stomach,  pains  in,  364. 
Stralsund,  55,  56. 
Strasburg  university  founded, 

518. 
Straubelius,  A.,  nuptial  verses, 

357- 
Streithagen,  A.,  chronograms 

by.  59*- 
Stroobant,  J.,  edition  of  the 

Sacrament  robbery,  1x5. 
Style,  old  and  new,  523,  524. 
Subtraction,    date     indicated 

by,  571. 
Sulyman,  the  Sultan  of  Turkey, 

repulsed  at  Vienna,  149. 
Swada  Polska,  a  book,  563. 
Syboldus,  J.,  350. 
Sylvanus,  J.,  died,  138. 

Tabor,  town  wickedly  burnt, 

147  ;  battle  near,  395. 
Tachu,  town  burnt,  149. 
Tackius,  work  by,  226. 
Tarnau,  a  senator,  569. 
Tax,  Philip,  panegyric  on,  90. 
Tea,  afternoon,  585. 


Tekeli,  E.,  verses  against,  389. 

Temesvar,  siege  of,  chrono- 
grams and  anagrams,  396. 

Templum  honoris,  a  pane- 
gyric, 258. 

Teruanum,  Therouanne,  chro- 
nograms at,  50;  besieged 
and  taken,  126. 

Teuffel,  i.e.  Devil,  a  person  of 
that  name,  273,  284. 

Theatrum  stultorum,  561. 

Theodor,  Bishop  of  Paderborn, 

Thesaurus  chiromantise,  a  book 
by  Praetorius,  473. 

Things  to  be  avoided,  437. 

Thirty  Years'  War,  570 ;  vari- 
ous battles,  392-395. 

Thom,  D.,  on  the  number  six 
hundred  and  sixty-six,  609. 

Thunderbolt  falls,  523. 

Ticino,  battle  of,  125. 

Title-pages  in  chronogram, 
188,  192,  194,  195,  3*7.  4". 
419,  430,  591. 

Tobacco  the  cause  of  a  con- 
flagration, C70. 

Torok,  epitaph  on,  365. 

Tour  et  Tassis,  epitaphs,  546. 

Trebnitz,  chronogram  at,  53. 

Tree  at  Hampstead,  6. 

Trinobantiadopolitani,  558. 

Trismegistus  iEgyptius,  a 
panegyric,  89. 

Triumphus  novem  sseculorum, 
panegyric  on  Leopold  I., 
x68. 

Tuba  cornea,  a  panegyric  on 
Bishop  Horenbeke,  91. 

Turks  defeated  at  Buda,  154 : 
the  dead  thrown  into  Dan- 
ube, 156;  80,000  perished, 
149 ;  chron-anagrams  on 
defeat  of,  x66,  167;  bitter 
chronograms  against  them, 
166,  167;  military  com- 
manders, verses  against 
them,  389. 

Two  young  lions,  verses  to, 
381. 

Tyrnau  burnt  for  spite,  53. 

Ulnbr,   P.,  Abbot  of  Berg, 

310.  • 
Ulrich,  J.,  an  aged  priest,  a 

cabala  on,  353. 
Universities— 

Wurzburg,  317,  317. 

Mayence,  329. 

Witteberg,  333. 

Dantzig,  334. 

Giessen,  338. 

Utrecht,  342. 

Altorf,  330. 

Halle,  334. 


J 


Universities— <w*/x***^— 

Basle,  335. 

Leipzig,  342. 

Prague,  141. 

Strasburg,  518. 

Marpurg,  224. 
Unterholzerr  S. ,  347. 
Utrecht  University,  342. 

Valenciennes,  siege  of,  113. 

Vaux,  J.  E.,  5. 

Venetian  naval  exploits,  70; 
naval  commanders,  386, 
402. 

Vergerius,  Pope's  fierce  legate, 
accepts  the  reformed  religion, 
and  dies,  521. 

Verheyen,  P.,  347. 

Vesalius,  anatomist,  514. 

Vienna,  siege  of,  149,  376, 516  ; 
city  of,  architectural  work 
with  engraved  title  and 
chronogram,  391  ;  chrono- 
grams at,  52. 

Vinarius,  A.,  346. 

Virgin  widow  of  the  Archduke 
of  Austria,  184. 

Viriherus,  A.,  pun  on  his 
name,  348. 

Vizer,  V.,  a  clergyman,  verses 
to.  365. 

Vondel  the  Dutch  poet,  532. 

Vota  chronographica,  592. 

Vota  syncharistica,  353. 

Votum  chronologicum,  337. 

Vrientius,  epigrams,  534. 

Wabkuschius,      G.,      dies, 

leaving     his     property    to 

schools,  146. 
Wachtendonk,  J.  van,  Bishop 

of  Namur,  105. 
Warren,  D.,  epitaph,  3. 
Wavre  besieged  and  destroyed, 

80. 


INDEX. 

"  Wedding  present  chronogram, 

Weimar,  chronogram,  52. 
1  Weingarten,    J.,    author    of 

Fiirsten-spiegel,  164. 
I  Weinhin,  a  man  of  note,  346  ; 

anagram  on/ 346. 
I  Wellens,  Bishop  of  Antwerp, 
I      576. 
Welsh  language,  chronogram, 

11. 
Welwyn  church,  4,  5. 
Wenceslaus  m.  of  Bohemia  is 

hated  and  assassinated,  165. 
Wenceslaus  vi.,  King  of  Bo- 
hemia, died,  146. 
Wenceslaus,    the  blind   king, 

benefits  a  church,  165  ;  and 

see  also  140. 
Wenceslaus,  Archduke,  140. 
Wenceslaus,  Saint,  a  prayer  to, 

433. 
Westen,  J.  R.  (Westenius),  his 

marriage  and  his  death,  359, 

565. 
Westminster  Assembly,  608. 
What  manner  of  child  shall 

this  be?  187. 
Where's  Eliza?  346. 
White   Hill,    Prague,    battle, 

Widdecombe-in-the-Moor,  4. 
Wild,  C,  death,  and  acrostic, 

[emaers,  P.,  chronograms 
by,  59* 

William  11. ,  Landgrave  of 
Hesse,  229. 

William  hi.,  battle  of  the 
Boyne,  29  ;  various  chrono- 
grams, 30 ;  death  of  his 
queen,  Mary,  31. 

William  Charles  Henry  Friso, 
Prince  of  Orange,  119 ;  a 
long  anagram  on,  119,  120 ; 


W?uelr 


WJ 


631 

marries  Princess  Anne  of 
England,  120. 

William  the  Silent,  assassina- 
tion of,  12a 

Wilshere.Mr.,  chronograms  by, 
5.585, 586, 632,  and  title-page, 
ine,  thanks  for  a  present  of, 

Winepaher,  M.,  calendar  by, 

411,  592. 
Wits,  William,  107. 
Witteburg  University  founded, 

513 ;  disputations  there,  333. 
Wladislaus,  Prince  of  Bohemia, 

Wolborough  church,  3. 
Wolf,  J.  G,  acrostic  on  his 

name,  349. 
Wolfenbtittel,  chronogram  at, 

53. 
Wolfgang,  Bishop  of  Olmiitz, 

353- 
Women,  bad  qualities  of,  161, 
438  ;  talking  and  chattering, 

393- 
Wratislaus,  the  first  King  of 

Bohemia,  crowned,  145. 
Wratislaus  a  Pernstein,  144. 
Wrissberg,  L.,  348. 
Wulffer,  D.,  348. 
Wiirzburg,  Bishops  of,  46,  271, 

286;    University  applauses, 

317-339  5      epitaphs,     282 ; 

chronicle    of    diocese    and 

Bishops  of,  271. 

YSPERELLE,  M.  VAN,  109. 

Zerbst,  chronogram,  53. 
Zittau,  dock,  church,  etc.,  54, 

55;  town  burnt,  157. 
Zodiac,  the  signs  of,  136,  414. 
Zoilus,  address  to,  236,  243, 

363. 
Zschoka,  S.,  348. 


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