iKiHiiit'.'kin
YALE OMENTAL SERIES
RESEARCHES
VOLUME IV
PART I
PUBLISHED FROM THE
FUND GIVEN TO THE UNR^EESITY
IN MEMORY OF
MARY STEVENS HAMMOND
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES. RESEARCHES, VOL. IV, 1
CHRONOLOGY
OF THE
LARSA DYNASTY
BY
ETTALENE HEARS GRICE, Ph.D.
MEMBER OP THE YALE BABYLONIAN SEMINARY
W^^V
)o
NEW HAVEN
YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS
LONDON • HUMPHEEY MILFOKD • OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
MDCCCCXIX
Copyright, 1919, by
Yale Univeksity Press.
ABBREVIATIONS
AJSL American Journal of Semitic Languages, etc.
AO Tablets marked AO are in the Museum of the Louvre.
BA Beitrdge zur Assyriologie.
Baiyl Bahyloniaca.
Ba W Barton The Origin and Development of Babylonian Writing
(BA vol. ix).
BE Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania; i
e. g., BE vi(l) = vol. vi, part 1.
Br. Briinnow A Classified List of Cuneiform Ideographs.
Bu Tablets marked Brit. Mus. or Bu are in the British Museum. '
CT Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British !
Museum. j
Dl 8 Gl Delitzsch Sumerisches Olossar. \
EBLL Early Babylonian Letters from Larsa {YBT vol. II). |
HGT Historical and Grammatical Texts {UMBS Yol.Y). I
1(1) line(s). !
LG Lettres et Contrats de I'Epoque de la Premiere Dynastie Assyri- i
enne.
i
LIH Letters and Inscriptions of Hammurabi. i
Mei Meissner Seltene a^syrische Ideogramme. ,
Mei ABP Meissner Beitrdge zum altbabylonischen Privatrecht. j
Misc-Insc Miscellaneous Inscriptions in the Yale Babylonian Collection \
{YBT\o\.l). I
]\ILC Tablets marked lyiLC are in the Morgan Library Collection. j
Ni Tablets marked Ni are in the Imperial Ottoman Museum in
Constantinople. i
No(s). Number (s).
OLZ Orientalistische Literal urzeitung .
p(p) page(s). !
pi plate. ■
PSBA Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology . ]
B Rawlinson Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western Asia,
a A Revue d' Assyriologie, etc.
RFH Robert Francis Harper Collection of tablets in the possession
of the University of Chicago. ;
(5) I
6 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES ■ RESEARCHES IV-1
BT Reciieil de Travaux Belatifs a la Philologie et a VArcMologie.
RUL Records from Ur and Larsa, dated in the Larsa Dynasty {YET
vol. V).
SCL Cuneiform Documents in the Smith College Library.
Th-D Thureau-Dangin.
U Refers to list of Unidentified Formulae, probably of the Larsa
Dynasty. (See the present work, p. 40 f.)
UMBS University of Pennsylvania. The Museum. Puhli<:ations of
the Babylonian Section: e. g.. UMBS viii(l^ = vol. VIII.
part 1.
Urk Urkunden des Altbabylonischen Zivil- und Prozessrechts {VAB
vol. V).
VAB Vorderasiatische Bibliothek.
Var Variant (s).
VS Vorderasiatische Schriftdcnkmaler.
Warka Strassmaier Die altbabylonischen Vertrdge aus Warka (in V.
Oriental Congress, Berlin, 1882^.
YBC Tablets marked YBC are in the Yale Babylonian Collection,
most of those referred to being unpublished.
YBT Yale Oriental Series. Babylonian Te.rts.
INTRODUCTION
The large amount of material in the Yale Babylonian Collection
relative to the Larsa Dynasty suggested an opportunity for bring-
ing together all that is known, in order to furnish the basis for a
scientific study of the history of the dynasty.
Some of the royal inscriptions were collected by Thureau-Dangin
in Die sumerischen und akkadischen Konig sins chrif ten (VAB vol.
I), and by Price Literary Remains of Rim-Sin, while others have
since been published.^ The Larsa Dynastic Tablet, published by
Clay Miscellaneous Inscriptions in the Yale Babylonian Collection,
No. 32, furnished the outline of the dynasty, giving the rulers in
order, with the length of their reigns, thus supplying the frame-
work into which the details may be fitted. For the sake of com-
pleteness, the translation of this dynastic list is reproduced here.
21
years
Naplanum
28
Emisu
35
Samum
9
Zabaia
27
Gungunu
11
Abisare
29
Sumu-ilu
16
Nur-dIM
6(
?)2 "
Sin-idinnam
2
Sin-iribam
5(
9)2 ^i
Sin-iqisham
1
year
Sili-dlM
12
years
Warad-Sin
61
i i
Rim-Sin
14(?)- " Hammurabi
12 " Samsuiluna the king
289 years
^ See, e. g., Clay Misc-Insc No. 31, an inscription of Warad-Sin; Th-D BA ix pp.
121 ff, and BA xi pp. 91 fF, inscriptions of Kudur-Mabuk.
* The duration of the reigns of Sin-idinnam, Sin-iqisham, and Hammurabi is illegible
in this list. A new collation of the tablet, however, shows that contrary to the impres-
(7)
8 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES ■ RESEARCHES IV-1
A considerable number of business documents dated in the Larsa
Dynasty have also been published, some of them singly or in small
groups in periodicals, and a few larger groups in volumes composed
partly of texts belonging to other dynasties.^
Besides the dynastic list and the date list of the years of Ham-
murabi and Samsuiluna after Larsa was conquered by Babylon
{Misc-Insc Nos. 32 and 33), and the historical inscription of
Warad-Sin {idem No. 31) the Yale Collection contains some thou-
sands of business documents dated in the Larsa Dynasty. A group
of one hundred and ten of these records which were found at
Mugheir, together with a selection of one hundred and forty-three
similar texts from Larsa, are published in Records from Ur and
Larsa, dated in the Larsa Dynasty {YBT vol. V). By using the
data in the texts of this volume, together with other texts previ-,
ously published, and some unpublished Yale tablets, an attempt
was made to collect for this monograph all the known formulae of
the dynasty, in chronological order, as far as possible.
When this work was well advanced, a copy of part of the text
of a prism in the Louvre, containing date formulae of part of the
Larsa Dynasty, was kindly sent in advance by Thureau-Dangin.
This confirmed various conclusions and conjectures concerning new
date formulae in Yale tablets, and was used in determining the
order of other formulae for the periods covered by it, though most
of it was so badly mutilated that for complete formulae it was
necessary to depend on Yale tablets. The prism has since been
published by Thureau-Dangin {RA xv pp. 1-57), the article having
appeared after the manuscript for the volume of Yale texts, men-
sion given by Th-D HA xv pp. 3-4, Clay's copy of the text is as accurate as could be
made. Yet although the sign expressing the number of years of Hammurabi is more
accurately reproduced by Clay than by Thureau-Dangin 's conjectural reproduction, the
facts that Hammurabi conquered Larsa fourteen years before the end of his reign, and
that formulae for these fourteen years are given in a date list for the period of Baby-
lon 's rule over Larsa which was found at Senkereh (Misc-Insc No. 33), make it seem
reasonable to suppose that fourteen years ought to have been written by the scribe.
Accordingly, the reigns of Sin-idinnam and Sin-iqisham may be considered to have been
of six(?) and five(?) years respectively, as Thureau-Dangin (loc. cit.) suggested.
° Especially Strassmaier Die altbabylonischen Vertrdge aiis WarTca, Chiera Legal and
Administrative Documents from Nippur, and Figulla Vorderasiatische ScliriftdenTcmaler
vol. xiii. For references to these and other texts see the List of Formulae below.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 9
tioned above, was in the hands of the printer, and this monograph
nearly completed.
By using published texts and unpublished tablets in the Louvre
and in the Imperial Ottoman Museum in Constantinople, Thureau-
Dangin has restored most of the mutilated formulae of the prism
just as they had been independently restored from Yale tablets.
Nevertheless, since the Yale texts furnish some additional material
for the restoration of the broken formulae of the prism, and also
for the period of fifty-four years which is broken from the middle
of it, it seems worth while to publish at least that part of this
study which comprises a list of all the formulae of the dynasty that
are known, so arranged that they may conveniently be used by
scholars who are studying Larsa Dynasty material. Twenty-one
formulae, which cannot be positively assigned to any reign, have
been placed in a list of Unindentified Formulae at the close of the
list of formulae of definite reigns. Reasons for supposing that
certain of these record the acts of one or another king of the Larsa
Dynasty are there given in footnotes.
Since the historical inscriptions thus far published mention very
few events which arc not noted in the date formulae, the list of
formulae will serve as a fairly complete summary of the achieve-
ments of the rulers of Larsa, though of course for their reverses
we must depend almost entirely on the records of their enemies.
For the period of fifty-four years which has been broken from
the Louvre prism; i. e., from the twenty-sixth year of Sumu-ilu
to the sixth year of Rim- Sin, business documents which contain
records for more than one year are valuable for determining the
order of the date formulae. Most noteworthy of these is the Yale
tablet published in RTJL No. 202, which contains an account of
grain delivered during nine years, using nine date formulae, as
follows :
(1) mu kisal-mah e '^Nannar ha-du
Year he built the lofty platform of the temple of Naunar.
(2) mu alam Ku-du-ur-Ma-hu-uk guskin su-du-a e ^Bahhar-su i-ni-in-tu-ri
Year lie brought into the temple of Shamash a statue of Kudur-Mabuk
entirely of gold.
(3) mu hdd-gal TJruma^^{-ma) lya-dit
Year he built the great wall of Ur.
10 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • EESEAECHES IV-1
(4) mu uru'''' Sag-PA-KAB-DU ki-hi-su Vi-in-ge-a i
Year he restored to its place the citj^ Sag-PA-KAB-DU .
(5) mu e ^Nin-x »-i^t^ sag Mas-gan-sairO'^^ mu-un-du-a
Year he built the temple of Nin-a: ... in JNIashganshabra.
(6) mu Ri-im-^Sin hi gal ■
(First) year of Rim-Sin, the king. |
(7) mu e ^IM sag Ararma^^ ba-du
Year he built the temple of IM in Larsa.
(8) mil 4 urudu alam Ku-du-ur-Ma-hu-uk e ^Nannar-su i-ni-in-tu-ri u e I
^Nin-mar-ki sag Ru-um-ma mu-un-du-a j
Year he brought into the temple of Nannar four bronze statues of I
Kudur-Mabuk, and built the temple of Nin-mar-ki in Rumma,
(9) mu e '^Innina ^Nannar u ^En-ki sag Ararma''^ mu-un-du-a i
Year he built the temple of Innina, Nannar, and Enki in Larsa. ;
Another Yale tablet, published as No. 207 of the same volume, is j
an account of a variety of articles delivered during the last five ;
years of those nine, the five-year account thus confirming the other. ;
Since the sixth of these years is the first year of Rim-Sin, the two j
records show conclusively the formulae for the last five years of |
Warad-Sin and the first four of Rim-Sin, his brother and successor. \
RUL No. 15 contains two formulae: mu Si-li-'^IM nam-lugal-ta \
sir-ra ''Year when Sili-Zilf was deposed from the kingship" (see '
RUL p. 17) followed by mu Warad-^Sin higal "(First) year of ;
Warad-Sin, the king." Since Sili-7i¥ reigned only one year, while ■
another text, RUL 117, is dated ''(First) year of Sili-7il/, the'
king, " " The year Sili-7M was deposed from the kingship ' ' must
have been used for the fraction of a year after Kudur-Mabuk con-
quered Sili-/M and placed his son Warad-Sin on the throne of
Larsa; i. e., the "accession" year as distinguished from the
"first" year, according to the terminology used in the Neo-Baby-
lonian Period. All the texts dated by this fornmla which have
come to light are dated in the twelfth month.
RUL 38 contains two formulae: mu unu S-babbar-ra ba-du
"Year he built the dwelling fi-babbar," followed by mu ugnim
DIN-TIR-KI ^'Hukul ba-an-sig "Year he smote with his weapon
the army of Babylon." Since Sin-idinnam records in his inscrip-
GRICE ■ CHEONOLOGY OF LAESA DYNASTY H
tions the building of E-babbar,^ there is reason to suppose that we
have here the formulae for two successive years of Sin-idinnani,
and that he was victorious in a conflict with Babylon, as some years
later Rim- Sin succeeded in smiting Babylon when that city formed
one of a coalition under the leadership of Erech and its king,
'Warad-NE-NE. (See the formula for Rim-Sin's fifteenth year.)
AO 6759 (quoted by Scheil OLZ xvii p. 246; Thureau-Dangin
RA XV p. 25), contains the formula mu 2 urudu alam Ku-du-ur-Ma-
hu-uk u 1 urudu na-ru-a sag E-gal-har-ra-su i-ni-in-tu-ri ''Year he
brought into Egal-barra two bronze statues of Kudur-Mabuk and
one bronze stele," followed by the formula for the seventh year
of Rim-Sin. The formula concerning the two statues of Kudur-
Mabuk and the stele is thus shown to be for Rim-Sin's sixth year.
Though the publication of the Larsa Date List by Thureau-
Dangin determines the order of the years of Rim-Sin beginning
with the seventh, the other dated documents which contain two or
more formulae of the last fifty-five years of Rim-Sin's reign, and
which therefore showed the order of groups of years before the
publication of the text of the prism, may nevertheless be mentioned
here. Some of these are : a tablet in the Morgan Library Collec-
tion, quoted by Johns P8BA xxxii p. 276, which contains the
formulae for the seventh, the eighth, and the ninth years of Rim-
Sin; RUL 212, which has the formulae for his seventh and his
eighth years ; RUL 208, which contains those for his tenth and his
eleventh years ; RUL 217, the twenty-second and the twenty-third ;
RUL 150, the twenty-third and the twenty-fourth; RUL 223, the
twenty-fifth and the twenty-sixth; and RUL 218, the twenty-ninth
and the thirtieth.
A further point of interest, discussed by Clay Misc-lnsc p. 38
relates to five Yale texts (YBC 4229, 4270, 4307, 4384, 4481) which
are evidently dated in the second year of the Isin era, but which
either introduce the formula mu ki-2 sag mu ki-19 or add at the end
of a long formula sag mu ki-18 or sag mu ki-18 in-ag. The proof
that the Isin era of thirty-one years was at the end of Rim-Sin's
long reign shows that the solution proposed by Clay, that the
*See Th-D FAB I pp. 208-211; texts published Dl BA I pp. 301 ff, Lenormant Choix
de Textes No. 6 and IV B 36 No. 2, CT xxi 30 30215.
12 YALE OKIENTAL SERIES • EESEARCHES IV-1
second year of the Isin era was the nineteenth year of the reign,
cannot be accepted. But eighteen years earlier than the second
3''ear of the Isin era, in the fifteenth year of the reign, we find
the first mention of Rim- Sin's contending with the army of Isin.
Inasmuch as the formulae for his twenty-sixth and his thirtieth
years also record partial victories over Isin, there is reason to
suppose that during all the eighteen years since the beginning of
the conflict in his fifteenth year, Rim-Sin had been trying more or
less constantly to break the power of his rival, and that after
his final success, which marked the rise of Larsa to the supreme
power in southern Babylonia, a reference to the duration of the
contest was made in the brief sag mu lci-18 (or 19) '4n the eigh-
teenth (or nineteenth) year." The use of eighteen in some texts
and nineteen in others might be due to the fact that the event
mentioned in a date formula occurred probably in the year previous
to that designated by the formula. (See Th-D RA xv p. 40.)
Accordingly, one scribe may have calculated from the year of the
event, another from the year of the formula.
Besides the two synchronisms between kings of Larsa and those
of other dynasties that are shown by the date formulae ; namely,
that Zambia king of Isin was probably a contemporary of Sin-
idinnam of Larsa, and that Wavad-NE-NE was king of Erech in
the fifteenth j^ear of Rim-Sin, it may not be out of place to mention
here a third synchronism indicated by an oath formula. RUL 124,
dated Warad-Sin a (see the List, below), mentions as a contem-
porary of Warad-Sin a hitherto unknown king of Erech named
Sin-iribam. The name of this king, it is interesting to observe,
is the same as that of one of the kings of Larsa.
In the following List of Fornmlae are registered most of the
published or quoted business documents which are dated in the
Larsa Dynasty. References are likewise given to a considerable
number of unpublished Yale tablets. Yet no attempt has been
made to register all the unpublished Larsa Dynasty texts in the
Yale Babylonian Collection. Only the unpublished tablets from
jMuglieir, numbered 4719-48G5, have been mentioned, together with
a sufficient number of tablets from Senkereh to suggest the large
amount of material in the Yale Collection for the study of the Larsa
GEICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARS A DYNASTY 13
Dynasty. The large number of unpublished Yale texts of the Isin
era, except a few that are noteworthy for special reasons, have been
omitted. Variants in verbal and nominal forms, suffixes, and the
like, are fully given in the footnotes, for the light they throw on
Sumerian grammar and style.
The following system of notation and abbreviations for the List
of Formulae has been adopted. Figures indicate known years
of definite reigns ; as W-S 1 is the first year of Warad-Sin. Dates
with Roman letters, like W-S a, belong to the reign of Warad-Sin,
but their order in the reign is undetermined. Dates with a Greek
letter, like W-S a, are only conjecturally assigned to the reign.
U a, U b, etc., indicate the unidentified formulae which probably
belong to the Larsa Dynasty.
LIST OF DATE FORMULAE
Naplanum
21 years
Emisu
28 years
Samum
35 years
Zabaia
9 years
Gungunum 27 years
1. mu Gu-un-gu-nu-um [lugal]'^ (First) year of Gmigunum, [the
AO 7025= I: 5. ^ king].
2. mu 2 ^^^gisimmar urudu e '^Bah- Year he brought into the temple of
iar-su i-ni-in-tu-ri Shamash two bronze palm
AO 7025 I: 6. trees.
3. mu Ba-si-mV'^ ha-hul Year lie devastated Bashimi.
AO 7025 I: 7. '^
4. mu, us-sa Ba-si-mi^' ha-hul Year after he devastated Bashimi.
AO 7025 I: 8.
5. mu An-sd-an^'' ha-hul Year he devastated Anshan.
AO 7025 1:9.
^ Lugal is supplied because of the fact that in the busiuess documents of the Larsa
Dynasty the formula for the first year of a reign is written mu . . . lugal. The
three formulae for the first year of a reign which have been preserved in the Larsa
Dynasty Date List in the Louvre (AO 7025 I: 5, 34, 46) have been so injured that it
is impossible to tell from the copy whether they originally contained lugal or not.
= Published by Th-D BA xv pp. 52 ff.
14
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IY-1
6. mu en ^Babhar mds-e in-pdd
AO 70251: 10.
7. mu us-sa en '^Babhar mds-e in-
pdd
AO 7025 I: IL
8. mu alam urudu gu-la e '^Bab-
har-sil i-ni-in-tu-ri
AO 7025 I: 12.
9. mil en ^Bdbhar ba-liun-gd
AO 7025 I: 13.
10. mu si'^su-nir min-a-hi e ^Nan-
nar-su i-ni-in-tu-ri
AO 7025 I: 14; cf. U s.
11. mu alam urudu gir-tah-ba mu-
un-na-an-dim
AO 7025 I: 15.
12. mu us-sa alam urudu gir-tah-ha
mu-un-na-an-dim
AO 7025 I: 16.
13. mu EN-DINGIR-NIN-SUN-
ZID^ en ^Nin-x ha-hun-gd
AO 7025 I: 17.
14. mu alam urudu glr-tah-ha e
'^Nannar-sii i-ni-in- [tu-ri]
AO 7025 I: 18; BUL 59(?).''
Year lie chose by omens the high
priest of Shamash.
Year after he chose by omens the
high priest of Shamash.
Year he brought into the temple of
Shamash a large bronze statue.
Year he invested the high priest of
Shamash,
Year he brought two emblems into
the temple of Nannar.
Year he made a bronze statue with
a pedestal.
Year after he made a bronze statue
with a pedestal.
Year he invested EN-DINGIR-
NIN-SUN-ZID, the high priest
of Nin-x.
Year he [brou]ght into the temple
of Nannar a bronze statue with
a pedestal.
'With EN-DINGIE-NIN-SUN-ZID en dNin-x should be compared EN-AN-E-UL en
dNannar sdg Urumaki in the formula Warad-Sin d, also EN-AN-E-UL nin-dingir-ra
Urumaki in an inscription of Nabonidus (Clay Misc-Insc No. 45 II: 1), as well as
EN-NIN-SUN-ZID en dNin-x Urumaki (-ma) in an inscription of Libit-Ishtar (Clay
Misc-Insc 27: 15-17). In the inscription of Nabonidus, EN-AN-E-UL refers to the
daughter of Kudur-Mabuk. The similarity of this form with that of the name Bel-sa-
al-ti-dNannar, given to the daughter of Nabonidus (Clay Misc-Insc 45 II: 8 and p. 67;
also Dhorme EA xi pp. 104 ff AO 6444 11:13) suggests that in eases like those
here cited Ave have oflficial names, and that the passages should be so translated as to
convey this idea. The syllabic writing Bel(EN)-sd-al-ti-dNannar shows that in the Neo-
Babylonian period the names were pronounced as Semitic. They may weU have been
pronounced in Semitic also in earlier times.
* The formula of BUL 59 reads mu urudu alam gu-la e dNannar-ra i-ni-in-tu.
GEICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY
15
15. mu e id An-ni-pdd-da i[n-si-ga]
AO 7025 I: 19.
16. mu e '^Innina sag Ararma^^{-
■ma) [ba-dii]
AO 7025 I: 20.
17. mu e Im-gur-^8in i[7i-si-ga]
AO 7025 I: 21.
18. 71111 e ^Liigal-ki-BUR-na [ha-
dii]
AO 7025 1 : 22 ; Th-D LC 234.^
19. 7nu dug '^En-lil-Jd ^Nannar-ta
ugnim . . . e-danna^ in-gi-
nauidT[u . . . ha-'ba-al]
AO 7025 I: 23-24.
Year he [construct] ed the irriga-
tion ditch (es) of the canal
Ani-pada.
Year [he built] the temple of Ish
tar in Larsa.
Year he [construct] ed the irriga-
tion ditch (es) of Imgur-Sin.
Year [he built] the temple of
Lugal-ki-BUR-na.
Year when by the command of Ellil
and Nannar the army . . .
he established an e-danna, and
when [he dug] the canal Tu
20. mu kd-gal-mak . . .
AO 7025 I: 25.
21. mu hdd-gal ...
AO 7025 I: 26.
22. mu Du-un-nu-um^^ u id I- . . .
AO 7025 I: 27.
23. mu hdd-gal K[d]- . . .
AO 7025 1:28.
24. mu e '^Nin-t-si-in^^-na .
[ha-du]
AO 7025 I: 29.
25. mu e-gi-na-ah-du^ azag ^Namiar
. . . [ha-du]
AO 7025 I: 30.
26. mu alam Jcu-hahhar ^Namiar-ra
[mu-un-na-a7i-dim]
AO 7025 I: 31.
Year the lofty city gate . . .
Year the great wall . . .
Year Dunum and the canal I- . . .
Year the great wall of K [a] . . ,
Year [he built] the temple of Nin-
Isin . . .
Year [he built] the sacred deposi-
tory of Nannar . . .
Year [he made] a silver statue for
Nannar.
Th-D LC 234 is dated mu e Lugal-M-BuB-na.
See Th-D RA XV p. 18 note 9.
Cf , votive cone of Gungunu Th-D VAB I pp. 206-7.
16
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
27a. mu id '^Ba-u-he-gdl l)a[-ha-al]^
AO 7025 I: 32.
27b. mu Gu-un-gu-nu-um ba-tiP
Scheil BT XXI p. 125.
Abisare
1. mu A-hi-sa-i%-e lugal
AO 7025 I: 34; See Johns PSBA xxxii p.
2. mu id Im-gur^^-^Innina-Zaba-
lam^^ ha-ha-al^^
AO 7025 I: 35; Th-D LC 235; See ScheU
3. mu alam ku-hahbar e ^Nannar-
su i-ni-in-tu-ri
AO 7025 I: 36.
4. mu id An-ni-pdd-da ba-ba-al
AO 7025 I: 37.
5. mu us-sa id An-ni-pdd-da ba-
ba-al
AO 7025 I: 38.
6. mu id Hi-ri-tum sag Arar [ma''^]
ba-ba-al
AO 7025 I: 39.
7. mu id-mah ba-ba-al
AO 7025 1 : 40.
8. mu alam "^gug ''°za-gin su-du-a
e '^Nannar-su i[-ni-in-tu-ri]
AO 7025 I: 41.
9. mu ugnim t-si-in^^-na <^^Hukul
ba-an-slg
AO 7025 I: 42.
10. mu en ^Babbar ba-hun-gd
AO 7025 1:43.
Year he [dug] the canal Bau-hegal.
Year Guuguuuui died.
11 years
(First) year of Abisare, the king.
274; Scheil BA XIV p. 153.
Year he dug the canal Imgur-Ish-
tar-Hallab.
BT XXXlV p. 109.
Year he brought a silver statue into
the temple of Nannar.
Year he dug the canal Ani-pada.
Year after he dug the canal Ani-
pada.
Year he dug at Larsa the canal
Hiritum,
Year he dug the Majestic canal.
Year he brought into the temple of
Nannar a statue entirely of
cornelian and lapis lazuli.
Year he smote with his weapon the
army of Isin.
Year he invested the high priest of
Shamash.
» Of. mu id dBa-u-ri-sa-at ha-al Scheil BT xxxiv p. 103; and mu m-sa id dBa-u mu-bal
Scheil BA xiv p. 153.
*Was the formula mu Gu-un-gu-nu ba-til "Year Gungunu died (ended?)," quoted
by Scheil, used for the fraction of a year after the death of Gungunu, as mu §i-li-dIM
nam-lugal-ta sir-ra seems to have been used for the fraction of a year after Warad-Sin
was placed on the throne of Larsa? (See above, p. 10.)
'" Var : Se-ga-.
" Th-D LC 235 omits ha-ha-al.
GEICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY
17
11. mu us-sa en '^Bahhar ba-hun-gd
AO 7025 I: 44; See Seheil ET XXXIV p.
Sumu-ilu
1. mu Su-mu-ihi [lugal]
AO 7025 I: 46.
2. mu alam ku-habhar e ^Bahhar-
su i-ni-in-tu-ri
AO 7025 I: 47; See Seheil BT XXXIV p.
3. mu [u]r-mah urudu min-a-hi
kd-s{ur fl-ra ^Innina-su i-ni-
in-tu-ri
AO 7025 I: 48; cf. U j, k.
4. mu A-ku-uz^'' ha-hul H ugnim
Ka-zal-lu^^ s^Hukul ha-an-sig
AO 7025 I: 49.
5. mu id Lugal-'^Zuen-na ha-ha-al
AO 7025 I: 50; cf. RFH 39 imder U t.
6. mu en ^Bahhar 'ba-hun-gd
-AO 7025 I: 51.
7. mu us-sa en ^Babbar ba-hun-gd
AO 7025 I: 52.
8. mw wnt^' Ka-id-da ba-an[-dib]
AO 7025 I: 53.
9. mu us-sa uru^^ Ka-id-da ba-an [-
dib]
AO 7025 I: 54.
10. mit us-sa-bi uru^^ Ka-id-da ba-
an[-dib]
AO 7025 I: 55.
11. mu ugnim KiP^ [^^Hukid ba-an-
sig]
AO 7025 I: 56.
12. mu us-sa ugnim KiP^ [^^Hukid
ba-an-sig]
AO 7025 I: 57.
Year after he invested the hisrh
109.
priest of Shamash.
29 years
(First) year of Sumu-ilu, the king.
Year he brought a silver statue into
the temple of Shamash.
109.
Year he brought into the . . .
gate of Ishtar two bronze lions.
Year he devastated Akuz and smote
with his weapon the army of
Kazallu.
Year he dug the canal Sharru-Sin.
Year he invested the high priest of
Shamash.
Year after he invested the high
priest of Shamash.
Year he [took] the city Ka-ida
(= Pi-narati).
Year after he [took] the city Ka-
ida (= Pi-narati).
Year after (the year) after he
[took] the city Ka-ida (= Pi-
narati).
Year [he smote with his weapon]
the army of Kish.
Year after [he smote with his
weapon] the army of Kish.
18 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • EESEAKCHES IV-1
13. mil us-sa-bi ugnim Kis''^ [^''Hu- Year after (the year) after [he
ktd ha-an-slg] smote with his weapon] the
AO 7025 I: 58. army of Kish.
14. mu e A-AN-if)''- . . . Year the temple A-Ai\^- . . .
AO 7025 I: 59; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
15. mil ns-sa e A-AN-{f) . . . Year after the temple Jl-AJV- . . .
AO 7025 1 : 60 ; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
16. mu us-sa-hi e A-AN-(?) . . . Year after (the year) after the
temple A-AN- . . .
AO 7025 I: 61; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
17. mu 4-kam-ma e A-AN-{f) . . . Fourth year (of the era in which)
the temple A-AN- . . .
AO 7025 I: 62; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
18. mu 5-kam-ma e A-AN-{f) . . . Fifth year (of the era in which)
the temple A-AN- . . .
AO 7025 1 : 63 ; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
19. mil ''^Buranun-na [ha-ha-al] Year he dug the Euphrates.
AO 7025 1 : 64.
20. mu us-sa ^^Buranun-nu [ba-ha- Year after he dug the Euphrates.
al]
AO 7025 I: 65.
21. mu m-sa-hi ''^Buranun-na [ha- Year after (the year) after he dug
ha-al] the Euphrates.
AO 7025 I: 66.
22. mil ugnim Ka-zal-lu^^ u . . . Year [he smote with his weapon]
[c^^tu'kul ha-an-slg] tlie army of Kazallu and . . .
AO 7025 I: 67.
23. mu en '^Nannar ha-hun-gd Year he invested the liigh priest of
Nannar.
AO 7025 1 : 68 ; See Johns FSB A xxxii p. 274.
24. mu us-sa en '^Nannar ha-hun-gd Year after he invested the high
priest of Nannar.
AO 7025 1 : 69 ; See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.
25. mu us-sa-hi en '^Nannar ha-hun- Year after (the year) after he
gd invested the high priest of
Nannar.
AO 7025 1 : 70 ; See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.
" Th-D BA XV pp. 6, 12 reads e-a dNan[nar . . .]. But Johns (loc. cit.) says:
"A number of tablets in Mr. Morgan's Collection in New York are dated ... by
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY
19
26. mu 4-kam-ma en ^Nannar ha-
hun-gd
See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.
27. mu 5-kam-ma en ^Nannar ha-
hun-gd
See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.
28. mu 6-kam-ma en '^Nannar ha-
hun-gd
See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.
29. mu 7-kam-ma en ^Nannar 'ba-
hun-gd
See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 274.^=*
Fourth year (of the era in which)
he invested the high priest of
Nannar.
Fifth year (of the era in which)
he invested the high priest of
Nannar.
Sixth year (of the era in which)
he invested the high priest of
Nannar.
Seventh year (of the era in which)
he invested the high priest of
Nannar.
Nur-/1/
1. mu Nii-ur-^IM lugal
MLC 1629; See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 281.
a. mu s^^gu-za zag-hi-us}* guskin
'^Bahhar-ra i-ni-tu-ri
TVarJca l(Bu. 34a, Bu. 34'").
b(=: a -(- 1)-^" niu us-sa ^^^gu-za
zag-hi-us guskin su-du-a e
'^Bahhar-su i-ni-in-tu-ra
BVL 151.
16 years
(First) year of Nur-/M, the king.
Year he brought into (the temple
of) Shamash a throne plated
with gold.
Year after he brought into the
temple of Shamash a throne
entirely plated with gold.
the years (up to the fifth) after e{?) A-NI-ZA-KI BA-AN-TtrG." It would seem
that the formulae to which Johns refers are the same as those mutilated here.
"Johns (loc. cit.) says that tablets in the Morgan Library Collection are dated by
years up to the eighth after mu en dNannar ia-Jiun-gd.
'-* The sign in the copies appears to be bi rather than ga (Read ga by Th-D EA xv
p. 19 note 23). Moreover bi seems probable, by comparison with other passages in
which sag . . . tis occurs (See Langdon OLZ xvii pp. 417 if). Langdon (loc. cit.)
suggests sag "side, beside" -j- us "stand." This seems very good for some of the
passages cited by Langdon; e. g., for the phrase in Clay Misc-Insc No. 28, zag-an-us,
for which Langdon suggests aham emedu "to attain the side," as describing an
accidental collision while passing in the street (Note Clay's translation "jostle").
But Langdon 's translation of this date formula, "Year when he caused to be brought
into [the temple of] Babbar a throne at whose side stood an asag-zi, ' ' seems less
fortunate. Zag (See Dl ;S Gl p. 219) =: "outside" as well as "side," thus zag-bi-us
=3 "at its side " or "on its outside ' ' ; when accompanied by the name of a metal,
as here, the phrase zag-bi-us might be translated ' ' plated. ' '
'^ Bu. 34 reads mu giSgu-za zag-bi-us dBabbar-ra.
" That is, b is the year after a.
20
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
c. mu Nu-nr-^IM lugal en '^Bahhar
'ba-lmn-ga}''
BUL 152; 153; 154.
Sin-idinnam
1. mil ^Sin-i-din-nam lugal
RUL 111.
a. mu ^ Sin-i-din-nam^^ hdd-gal
Ma^-gan-sabra^^ ha-du
BUL 213, 214, 215, 216; YBC 3283, 3294, 3325, 4311, 5223, 5228; Th-D LC 231;
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 229 RFH 13(?).
Year Nur-7M, the king, invested
the high priest of Shamash.
6(?) years
(First) year of Sin-idinnam, the
king.
Year Sin-idinnam built the great
wall of Mashganshabra.
a.^^ mu ugnim Nim^^-ma^*^ u Za-
am-hi-ia lugal I-si-in'^^^^ d^u-
kul ha-aoi-slg-^
BUL 1 (?),=' 2, 3, 18, 36, 60, 76.
e. See U c.
y. See U d.
8. See U r.
Year he smote with his weapon the
army of Elam and Zambia,
king of Isin.
" Formula abbreviated mu en dBaihar ha-hun-gd. This is identical with the formula
for the ninth year of Gungunu, the tenth of Abisare, and the sixth of Sumu-ilu.
^* The name of the king, Sin-idinnam, is omitted in all texts except BVL 213.
'* This formula is conjeeturally assigned to Sin-idinnam. Since Isin was the leading
city in southern Babylonia at this time, a victory over Isin may have been the cause
of Sin-idinnam 's claiming the title "King of Sumer and Akkad."
'"Var: Tcur Nimki, Icur Nimki-ma.
'^ The writing I-si-inki, with the common i sign, instead of NI z= I has been found
up to the present time in texts of the time of the First Dynasty only in two Yale texts
{BVL 3 and 139) and in one unpublished tablet in the Morgan Library Colleetiou.
^ Var : ha-sig.
Formula abbreviated: mu ugnim Icur Nimki-ma giHuTcul ha-an-slg. The date formula
for the thirtieth year of Hammurabi is mu ugnim Nim-maki. But if the formula of
BUL 1, 2, 18, 36, 60, and 76 is, as seems likely from the similarity of the texts, an
abbreviated form of the date of BUL 3, a formula of a contemporary of Zambia of
Isin, the texts must all have been written earlier than the thirtieth year of Hammurabi.
For Rim-Sin, the x)redecessor of Hammurabi on the throne of Larsa, conquered Damiq-
ilishu, king of Isin, who according to the Isin Djniastic List began to reign twenty
years after Zambia.
-* The formula of BUL 1 is merely mu ugnim giHuTctil ha-an-stg. As it stands, it
could of course not be identified, but since the record on which it appears seems to
belong to the same series as BUL 2 and 3, it is reasonable to suppose that Nimki-ma
was omitted by a mistake of the scribe.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARS A DYNASTY 21
Sin-iribam 2 years
1. mu ^8in-i-ri-ha-am^^ lugal (First) year of Sin-iribam, the
king.
BUL 133, 155, 156, 157, 158; MLC 1283 (See Scheil OLZ viii pp. 350 f., Scheil ET
xxiv p. 25) ; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 220 RFH 2.
Sin-iqisham 5(?) years
1. mu ^Sin-i-qi-sd-am^^ lugal (First) year of Sin-iqisham, the
BVL 62, 159. king.
a. mu ^Sin-i-qi-sd-am lugal-e alam Year Sin-iqisham, the king, made
guskin ku-hahhar '^Babhar-ra for Shamash a statue (or sta-
mu-na-dlm tues) of gold and silver:
Chiera UMBS VIII(l) 21(?), 22 {— Poebel HGT 78), 23.
b. mu '^Sin-i-qi-sd-am lugaP'^ alam Year Sin-iqisham, the king, brought
guskin 11 alam ku-hahhar-'' e into the temple of Shamash 11
'^Bahhar-ra"^ i-ni-in-tu'^^ statues of gold and 1 statue
of silver.
BVL 160; Th-D BA XV p. 20 AO 6346, 6347.
c. mu ^8in-i-qi-sd-am lugal-e . . . Year Sin-iqisham, the king, brought
alam Nihrit'^^^^ alam ^Bahhar into the temple of Shamash
'^Se-nir-da guskin su-du-a e- ... a statue for Nippur, a
^Bahhar-da i-ni-in-tu-ra^'^ statue of Shamash and She-
nirda entirely of gold.
BUL 61; Chiera UMBS VIII(l) 24 (— Poebel HGT 77).
'* Var : dSin-e-ri-ba-am.
It is possible that the Sin-iribam of some of these texts is the king of Erech, con-
temporaneous with Warad-Sin, mentioned BUL 124: 15.
-° In BUL 159, the king's name is written dSin-i-qi-tl or AS. Since tl has the value
sam, and A§ is equivalent to samu (Br. 6753), it is probable that the scribe intended
to write dSin-i-qi-sam.
^ Var : omit dSin-i-qi-sd-am lugal.
" The order of the last five words varies. Besides the order above, we find 11 alam
Tcu-'bahhar u 1 alam gusMn and alam 11 Tcil-hahhar il alam 1 guskin.
^Var: e dBahhar-sil.
^^ Var : i-ni-tu-ri, i-ni-in-tur-ra.
'" Var : Nibruki-su.
°^ Var : i-ni-tu-ri.
As Th-D BA XV p. 20 suggests, it is possible that the formulae b and c may represent
the same year. Cf . also U f .
22 YALE OEIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
Sili-/iI/22 I ygar
1. 7nu 8i-li-HM lugal (First) year of Sili-/M, the king.
BUL 117.
a. mu 8i-U-^I3I nam-lugal-ta sir- Year Sili-ZiHf was deposed from the
ra^" liingship.
EUL 8(?), 9, 10, 11, 54, 55, 56, 57 j YBC 4726, 4729, 4846 (?).
Warad-Sin 12 years
1. mu Warad-^Sin lugal (First) year of Warad-Sin, the
EUL 12, 15.
king.
2. mu us-sa Warad-^Sin lugal Year after (the first year of)
Warad-Sin, the king.
EVL 161.
8. mu kisal-mah e '^Nannar ha-du Year he built the lofty platform of
u 2 o^^gu-za bara-mah guskin^* the temple of Nannar, and
e-hara-su i-ni-in-tu-ri^^ brought into the shrine two
golden shrine-thrones.
EUL 118, 120, 162, 202: 2; Th-D BA XV p. 22 AO 6354, 6379, 6380 A.
9. mu '^Warad-^Sin lugal-e^^ Year Warad-Sin, the king, brought
alarn^'' Ku-du-ur-Ma-hu-uk into the temple of Shamash a
guskin^^ su-du-a^^ e '^Bohhar- statue of Kudur-Mabuk en-
su i-ni-in-tu-ri^'^ tirely of gold.
BUL 114, 119, 122, 128, 202: 4-5, 29; Th-D EA XV pp. 20-21 AO 6350, 6351, 6355;
Chiera UMBS VIII (1) 25 = Poebel EGT 80.
^ In the Larsa Dyiiastic List (Clay Misc-Insc No. 32) the name of this king is written
ideographically : MI-K-dlM ; in the date formulae on business documents it is written
syllabically Si-U-dlM.
^ Since §ili-Zilf reigned only one year, this latter formula was probably used only for
the fraction of a year after Kudur-Mabuk deposed $ili-/lf and placed his son Warad-Sin
on the throne of Larsa ; i. e., the accession year of Warad-Sin, as distinguished from his
first year. See BUL p. 17 for a fuller discussion.
"* Var : omit guslcin, or insert su-du-a.
^ Formula abbreviated mu Tcisal-malj, e dNannar ha-du or mu Msal-mah e dNannar.
^Var: dWarad-dSin lugal-e usually omitted.
"Var: a vertical wedge, probably signifying the numeral 1, inserted after alam.
"^Var: guilcin inserted after alam instead of here.
'" Var : omit su-du-a.
*" Var : i-in-tu-ri, in-tu-ri, i-ni-in-tu-ra.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY
23
10. mu ^Warad-^8in lugal-e^'^ 'bad- Year Warad-Sin, the king, built the
gaP^ JJruma^''{-ma)'^^ ba-du** great wall of Ur.
BUL 121, 123, 163, 202: 8, 38; YBC 6112; Th-D LC 236; Th-D EA XV p. 23 AO
6353; Chiera VMBS VIII (1) 27 = Poebel EGT 79; Figulla VS XIII 56; Meek
AJSL XXXIII p. 221 RFH 3, p. 239 RFH 30.
11. mu '^Warad-'^Sin lugal-e^^ Year Warad-Sin, the king, restored
uru^i^" 8ag-PA-KAB-DTJ*^ ki- to its place the city 8ag-PA-
bi-su^' bi-in-ge-a^" KAB-DU.
BUL 58, 115, 116, 126, 129, 164, 202: 11, 43; Poebel BE vi(2) 3; Chiera UMBS
viii(l) 26 = Poebel EGT 81; Th-D BA xv p. 23 AO 6352.
50
12. mu e '^Nin-x >A^^ "" sag
Mas-gan-sabra^^ mu-un-du-a^^
BUL 127, 130(?), 202: 13, 49, 207: 6;
a. mu ^Warad-^Sin lugal-e^^ 3
s^^gu-za bara-mah^^ guskin e
^Nannar ^Nin-gal^^ ^Babbar-
ra^^ mu-ne-in-tu-ri-en^^
BUL 63(?), 82, 124, 125, 134, 135(?),
p. 21 AO 6376; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 232
Year he built the- temple of Nin-x
. . . in Mashganshabra.
Th-D BA XV p. 23 AO 6356.
Year Warad-Sin, the king, brought
three golden shrine-thrones
into the temple of Nannar,
Ningal, and Shamash.
167(?); Poebel BE vi(2) 2; Th-D BA xv
RFH 19, p. 233 RFH 21.
"Var
^'Var
«Var
"Var
«Var
«Var
^'Var
«Var
^Var
dWarad-dSin lugal-e usually omitted.
gal omitted.
Urumaki.
mu-du-a, or verb omitted.
dWarad-dSin lugal-e usually omitted.
W'U.
Sag-PA-KAB-BU-GA, Sag-PA-KAB-DUki.
M-bi.
ge-a.
^^ Read sumun-na by Th-D BA xv p. 23. But the Yale texts appear to contain more
than na after TIL.
'"^ Var : ha-du. ^
dWarad-dSin lugal-e usually omitted.
hara or pu-mah ' ' the lofty enclosure. ' '
omit dNin-gal.
Instead of dBahiar-ra some texts have u e dBabhar-su or u e dBabbar-ra.
mu-ne-tu-ra, in-ni-tu-ri-en, in-ni-tu-ri, i-ni-in-tu-ri, mu-ne-in-tu-ri.
Formula abbreviated mu 3 giSgu-sa pu-mah.
Three Yale texts, marked ( ?) in the above list of formulae, are dated mu 14 urudu
alavi Nibruki it 3 giSgu-sa bara-mah gusTcin su-du-a e dBabbar-ra i-ni-in-tu-ri. This may
possibly be for the same year. The problem is rendered more complicated and diflEieult
by the fact that the formula for the "year after" is written in three ways, recording
the bringing into the temple of Shamash of (1) 14 statues and 3 thrones; (2) 14
'^^Var:
^Var:
^' Var :
=^ Var :
"^ Var :
24 YALE OKIENTAL SERIES ■ EESEAECHES IV-1
b(=a4-l)- wiM iis-sa 3 ^^^gu-za Year after three golden shrine-
Sara guskin . . . ^^ thrones . . .
BUL 5(?), 25(?), 34, 66, 71(?).
c."^ mu kisal-mah^^ e ^Bahhar^^ Year he built the loftj^ platform for
sag Ararma'^^i-ma)'^'' ha-du the temple of Shamash in Lar-
. . . u ^'^gu-za hara-mah e®^ sa, . . . and brought a
. . . i-ni-in-tu-ri^^ throne into the lofty shrine of
the temple of . . .
BVL 7, 20, 24, 26, 27, 33, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48, 67, 70, 73, 77, 84(?), 85, 93, 104,
131, 165, 166; cf. Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 223 EFH 5, p. 241 RFH 33, under U h;
cf. also RJJL 22, 39 under U i, and note to U i.
d. mu Warad-'^Sin lugal-e'^'^ EN- Year Warad-Sin, the king, invested
AN-E-UL^* en ^Nannar sag EN-AN-E-UL, the high priest
TJruma^'' ha-hun-gd^^ of Nannar in Ur.
EVL 28, 29, 250, 251; YBC 5724; Poebel BE vi(2) 1; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 228
RFH 12, p. 232 RFH 20.
e. mu tJ-nun-malf^ e ^Nannar-su'^'' Year he built E-nun-mah for the
u E-kalam-ta-ni-gur^^ e '^Inni- temple of Nannar, and
na Zahalam'''^ ha-du^^ E-kalam-ta-ni-gur, the temple
of Ishtar of Hallab.
BUL 253; Tli-D BA xv p. 22 AO 6357; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 231 RFH 18; Grant
AJSL xxxiv pp. 200, 201.
statues; (3) 3 thrones. Three of the five Yale texts of the "year after" are injured;
the two formulae which are well preserved read mu us-sa 14 urudu alam Nibruki-sii S
giigu-sa hara unu E-habhar-ra i-ni-in-tu-ri, and mu us-sa 3 gisgu-za.
" See above, note to W-S a.
"a The placing of this formula is new. It is proved to be of the reign of Warad-Sin
by the seal impression of BUL 165, which states that it is sealed vsrith the seal of the
king. The seal reads: "Warad-Sin, king of Larsa, son of Kudur-Mabuk. "
'^Var: sdg inserted.
■^^ Instead of e dBaibar, some texts omit e, others have 6 dBabbar-sil or ^-babar(UD-
UD)-ra.
""Var: Ararmaki, or omit sdg Ararmaki,
" If RFH 33 (see under U h) belongs to this year, the temple whose name is destroyed
is that of Nannar.
"^ Most of the texts have abbreviated formulae, the briefest being mu hisal-maU
dBabbar ba-du.
"*Var: Warad-dSin lugal-e usually omitted.
"* See note to Gungunu 13.
'"Var: mu-hun-gd.
Formula abbreviated mu EN-AN-E-UL en dNannar ba-hun-gd, mu en dNannar sdg
Urumaki ba-ljun-gd, and mu en dNannar ba-hun-gd.
"°Th-D BA XV p. 22 d reads gd-nun-mali. The sign could be either e or gd. But
the Yale records from Larsa and especially from Ur, which refer to the gi-mal of
t-nun-mah (see BUL 15 1:5; 122: 14), and similar records which state that they were
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 35
a. mil Ka-zal-lu^'' ha-guV'^ Year he destroyed Kazallu.
EUL 4, 14, 16(?), 30, 31, 32, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 65, 68, 72, 78, 81, 88; YBC
3337(?) ; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 222 RFH 4, p. 227 RFH 11(?) ; WarTca 85(?) ; Johns
PSBA xxxii p. 277 f(?).
Rim-Sin 61 years
1. mu Ri-im-'^Sin''^ lugal (First) year of Rim-Sin, the king.
BUL 103, 202: 14, 54, 207: 9, 36, 228; YBC 4857, 5757, 5771, et multa; Figulla
rS xiii 58 ; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 230 RFH 14 ; Th-D LC 233 ; Sclieil BA xii p. 115 ;
Grant SCL Smith 255.
stored in the temple of Nannar, probably referred rather to the temple as a ^Yllole than
to a part of it. Moreover, by reading the word t:-nun-mdh, we have in the date formula
the names of two temples, each followed by the name of the god to which it belonged;
i. e., t -nun-mall, the temple of Nannar, and S-Jcalam-ta-ni-gur, the temple of Ishtar of
Hallab.
®^ Instead of e dNannar-su, some texts omit either e or su.
"* Var : S-lcalam-ta-m-gur-ru.
*' Var : mu-un-du-a.
Formula abbreviated mu E-nun-mah e dNannar ha-du (RFH 18). This formula is
possibly, as Meek suggests, of Nur-7M, who recorded the building of E-nun-mah in an
inscription published CT xxi pi. 29, 30070; the building of ^-nun-viah in the reign of
Warad-Sin being mentioned in an inscription of Kudur-Mabuk, CT xxi 33, 90032.
'" A number of the texts published in BUL which are dated by this formula are very
similar in form and general appearance to others known to be dated in the reign of
Warad-Sin. Among these is the group of texts relative to the SA-GAZ, BUL 46, 47,
50-53, five of which are dated by this formula and one by Warad-Sin c, and all of
which are sealed with the seals of the same shatammu officers, each text ha^^ng from
five to seven seal impressions. Moreover, records of this date BUL 4, 16, 30 were in
charge of Ihkn-IM, the same utullu officer who had charge of other records, one of
which is dated in the first year of Warad-Sin (BUL 15), and others in Sili-71f a, which
is probably the accession year of Warad-Sin (BUL 9, 10, 11, 55, 57). These facts,
considered in connection with the mention of Kazallu in an inscription of Kudur-Mabuk
which refers to Warad-Sin as king of Larsa (Th-D BA ix pp. 121 ff), furnish strong
reasons for thinking that the formula mu Ka-zal-luki Tja-gul belongs to the reign of
Warad-Sin.
A variant formula reads mu had Ka-sal-luki ha-gul, another mu Ka-sal-luki giHuTcul
ba-sig. Three texts (BUL 16, Warka 85, and Johns PSBA xxxii p. 277 f, which are
marked (?) in the list of formulae above) are dated mu tad Ka-zal-luki ta-gul u ugnim-bi
sdg Ararmaki ha-a-sig "Year he destroyed the wall of Kazallu and defeated its army
in Larsa." (For sig see Dl S Gl p. 239 under sig II a.) This may be an exiiansion
of the other formula, or it may belong elsewhere. The references are all included here
for convenience. The mention of Larsa in connection with the smiting of an armj^ in
a formula of the Larsa Dynasty is easily explained by supposing that the army of
Kazallu had invaded the territory of Larsa and was there defeated. Kazallu is men-
tioned in other dates of the Larsa Dynasty, in the fourth and the twenty-second years
of Sumu-ilu ; and in the First Dynasty of Babylon in the thirteenth year of Sumu-abu,
the twentieth year of Sumula-Uu, and the twelfth of Zabium. (See Schorr Uric pp.
583, 584, and 586.)
"Var: dBi-im-dSin and dBi-im-Sin(ES).
26 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
2. mu e '^IM sag Ararma'^'i-ma)'''^ Year he built the temple of IM in
e ^Bdr-ul-e-gar-ra sag Zar-hi- Larsa and the temple of Bar-
lufyiku^ mu-un-du-a u urudu iilegarra in Zarbilum; and
alam Warad-'^Sin lugal sag brought into Egal-barra a
S-gal-bar-ra-su i-ni-in-tu-ri'* bronze statue of Warad-Sin,
the king,
RUL 199, 202: 15, 57, 207: 12, 44; YBC 5517, 5732, 6167; Lutz EBLL 94; Th-D
EA XV pp. 24-25 AO 6349, 6428, 6760.
3. mu 4 urudu alam Ku-du-ur-Ma- Year he brought into the temple
hu-uk e ^Nannar-sil i-ni-in-tu- of Nannar four bronze statues
ri u e '^Nin-mar-ki sag Bu-um- of Kudur-Mabuk, and built the
ma"''" mu-un-du-a/'^ temple of Nin-mar-ki in E-um-
ma.
RUL 202:16, 61, and date, 207: 15-16, 50-51; YBC 4447, 5532, 5687, 5696, 5759,
5820, 6589, 7039, 7306 (?), 7597.
4. mu e ^Innina ^Nannar u ^En-ki Year he built the temple of lunina,
sag Ararma^'i-may mu-un- Nannar, and Enki in Larsa.
du-a'^
RUL 202: 19, 207: 19 and date; YBC 4431, 5533, 5787, 6168, 6190, 6199, 6975, 6982,
6990, 7038, 7189; WarM 98; Laugdou Babyl vii p. 48 a; Th-D RA xv p. 24 AO 6363.
6. mu ^Ri-im-'^Sin lugal-e"> 2 uru- Year Rim-Sin, the king, brought
du''^ alam Ku-du-ur-Ma-bu-uk into Egal-barra two bronze
u 1 urudu^^ na-ru-a sag""- statues of Kudur-Mabuk and
E-gal-har-ra-su^" i-ni-in-tu-ri^^ one bronze stele.
RVL 137; YBC 5682, 5794, 5815, 6325, 7716, 7916; Chiera VMBS viii(l) 34 =
Poebel HGT 82, Chiera 39; Langdon Ba})yl vii p. 42 b; Th-D RA xv p. 25 AO 6759: 3."^^
7. mu e ^Bdr-ul-e-gar-ra sag Year he built the temple of Bar-
" Var : Ararmaki.
'^ Var : Zar-M-lum-ma.
"Formula abbreviated mu e dIM iclg Ararmaki ha-du and mti e dIM idg Ararmaki
e dBdr-ul-e-gar-ra Sdg Zar-hi-lumki mu-un-du-a.
" Var : Ru-tim-maki.
'" Formula abbreviated mu 4 urudu alam Ku-du-ur-Ma-hu-uTc c dNannar-su i-ni-in-tu-ri
"Var: sdg Ararmaki {-ma) omitted.
'* Var : mu-du-a.
" Var : dRi-im-dSin lugal-e omitted.
**Var: urudu omitted.
^'Var: omit 1 7irudu, or 1, or uriidu.
'^ Var : sdg omitted.
^ Var : S-gal-bar-ra, £:-'bar-ra-SH.
" Var : i-ni-tu-ri, i-ni-in-tu-ra.
^ AO 6759 published Scheil OLZ xvii p. 246. See also Th-D RA xv p. 25. The same
tablet mentions the formula Rim-Sin 7.
GEICE • CHKONOLOGY OF LAESA DYNASTY 27
Adab''' mu-un-du-a^'^ u alam ulegarra in Adab, and made a
guskin '^Sin-i-din-nam lugal golden statue of Sin-idinnam,
Ararma''^ {-ma)^'' mu-un-dlm- king of Larsa.
ma**
BUL 140, 143, 144, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175; YBC 5519, 5520, 5528,
6148, 6470, 6663, 6839, 6974, 7025, 7258; AO 7025^' III: 1-2; Warlca 101 z= iv JK 36 2;
AO 6759: 5 and date"; Th-D BA xv p. 25 AO 6348, 6764; Johns PSBA xxxii p. 276 i.-"
8. mu kd-gal-a^'^ min-a-hi sdg^^ Year he built two city gates in
Mas-gan-sahra^^^^ mu-un- Mashganshabra, and con-
du-a^^ u e a-sdg Sdg-tum-ma structed the irrigation diteh-
4 kaskal-gid-di^^ mu-un-si-ig- (es) of the canal Sha(g)tuni-
ga^^ ma for four double leagues.
BUL 99, 112, 113, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 209, 210, 211,
212; YBC 4416; WarJca 91; Langdon Bahyl vii p. 47 a, p. 48 b, c; Johns PSBA
xxxii p. 276 j; AO 7025 III: 3-4; Th-D BA xv p. 26 AO 6368, 6763.
9. mu '^Ri-im-^Sin lugal-e^'' e ^En- Year Rim-Sin, the king, built the
ki sdg^^ 'Uruma^''{-may^ u e temple of Enki in Ur, and the
'^Nin-lil nim-ma sag E-'^Nin- lofty temple of Ninlil in E-Nin-
mar-ki^'^'^ mu-un-du-a^"^ marki.
'° Var : mu-du-a.
*^Var: Ararmaki(-ma) , or lugal Ararmaki(-ma) omitted.
^*Var: mu-un-dlm, mu-dim-ma, ba-dim-ma, mu-un-du-a; the last form, occurring on
YBC 5528 and AO 6764, both unpublished, is probably to be regarded in both cases as
a mistake of the scribe. See Th-D BA xv p. 25.
Formula abbreviated mu e dBdr-ul-e-gar-ra sag Adabki mu-un-du-a.
^ Published by Th-D BA xv pp. 52 ff .
^ On the same tablet, belonging to the Morgan Library Collection, MLC 1613, are
mentioned the formulae Eim-Sin 8 and 9.
"^ Var : Icd-gal.
°^Var: Mg omitted.
'^ Var : Mas-gan-sahra.
" Var : mu-du-a.
''^Var: TcasTcal-gid ; the reading IcasJcal-gid has been retained here, instead of danna
as in the formula for Gungunu 19 because of the fact that three texts are written
liasTcal-gid-di.
^''Var: mu-un-si-ga, mu-si-ig-ga, m.u-si-ga, mu-un-si-ig.
Formula abridged mu Jcd-gal-a min-a-M sag Mas-gan-sabraki mu-un-du-a or mu Tcd-gal-a
min-a-M Mas-gan-sahra. '
^' Most of the texts omit dBi-im-dSin lugal-e.
'^Var: sdg omitted.
'^Var: Urumaki, or ha-du inserted after Urumaki.
^°*Var: Determinative ki inserted in AO 6363; sag S-dNin-mar-M omitted Langdon
Bahyl vii p. 45 e.
"^ Var : mu-du-a.
Formula abridged mu e dEn-Jci sag Urumaki {-ma) ha-du.
28 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IY-1
RVL 201; YBC 4417, 4418, 5378, 5449, 5848, 6198, 6231, 6980, 7028, 7191; AO
7025 III: 5-6; WarTca 76 (?),'«= 77, 93; Langdon Bdbyl vii p. 45 e, p. 48 d; Chiera
VMBS viii(l) 46, 58 =: Poebel EGT 88, 80 = Poebel EGT 84; Ni 434 cited BA
viii p. 84 note 3; Johns FSB A xxxii p. 276 k; Th-D BA xv p. 26 AO 6367, 6369, 6377.
10. m\i '^Ri-im-'^Sin lugal-e^°^ id Year Rim-Sin dug the Lagash canal
Sir-hur-la''^^°* zag a-ah-ha- to the sea.
sw"^ mu-un-'ha-al-W^^
BUL 136, 142, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191; YBC 5309, 5788, 6214, 6215, 6570, 6636, 6729,
7093, 8729, 8745; AO 7025 III: 7; Th-D EA xv p. 27 AO 6370, 6371, 6372; Langdon
Babyl vii p. 48 e; Poebel EGT 87; Pinches PSBA xxxLx p. 70 pi. viii 22.
11. mu hdd-gaV-^' uru^^^^^ Gar-ra- Year he built the great wall of the
'^Bahhar^'^^ gu^'^Buranun-na^'^'^ city Ishkun-Shamash on the
ba-dii^^^ bank of the Euphrates.
BUL 132, 145, 146, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 208; YBC 5585, 6207, 7276,
7277, 7309; AO 7025 111:8; Warlca 50 = Mei ABP 34, Warlca 90, 97; Th-D BA
XV pp. 27-28 AO 6364, 6365.
12a. mu iis-sa had iiru''^ Gar-ra- Year after he built the wall of
'^Bahhar ha-du Ishkun-Shamash.
BVL 231.
12b. mu 2 urudu alam suh^^'^-hi^^^ Year he brought into the temple of
Ri-im-^Sin lugal^^* e '^Bahhar- Shamash two praying statues
su i-ni-in-tu-ri^^^ of Eim-Sin, the king.
BUL 200; YBC 5754, 6646, 7074; AO 7025 III: 9-10; TFarfea 5, 6, 15, 16; Langdon
Babyl vii p. 45 c.
"^ In Warlca 76 the name of the city looks more like that of Larsa than that of Ur;
if Larsa is intended, the formula would be a variant of Rim-Sin 4, as Thureau-Daugin
says, BA xv p. 27.
"' Most texts omit dBi-im-dSm lugal-e.
'"'Var: Mr-hur-la.
"=Var: a-ab-su.
""Var: mu-ba-al-ld, mu-un-ba-al-la, mu-ba-ld, mu-ba-al, mu-un-ba-ld, mu-un-ba-al,
ba-ba-al.
"" Var : gal omitted.
"*Var: uruki omitted.
'"Var: dBabbar-gar-ra.
""Var: gu idBuranun-na omitted.
"' Var : mu-un-du-a, mu-du-a, or the verb omitted entirely.
'" "Written EA for KA with KU inserted.
'"Var: sub-sub-bi, or suh-hi frequently inserted after Rim-Sin instead of before it.
'" Var : lugal omitted.
"'Var: i-ni-Ui-ri, in-tu-ri.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARS A DYNASTY 29
13. mu nin-dingir '^IM sag IM''' Year he invested the high priestess
la-hun-gd^^^ of the god IM in IM''\
BUL 232; YBC 5854, 6224, 7194, 7711; AO 7025 III: IL
14a. mu tis-sa nin-dingir '^IM sag Year after he invested the high
IM''* la-hun-gd priestess of the god IM in IM'^K
HUL 233 ; YBC 4905.
14b. mu hdd-gaV^' uru''^^'^^ Is-ku- Year he built the great wall of
un-'^Ne-uni-gaV^^ ha-dii^-^ Ishkun-Nergal.
EVL 234, 235; YBC 5360, 5575, 5587, 6206, 6221, 7267; AO 7025 III: 12; WarTca
88; FiguUa VS xiii 57; Th-D EA xv p. 28 AO 6388, 6389.
15. mu ugnim Unug'^^ 1-si-in''^ DIN- Year he smote with his weapon
TIB-KI Ra-hi-qum Su-ti-um- Ereeh, Isin, Babylon, Rabi-
ma^^^ it Warad-NE-NE lugal qum, Sutium, and Warad-iV^E"-
Unug''^ s^Hukul ha-an-sig^-^ NE, king of Ereeh,
EUL 141, 147; AO 7025 III: 13-15; Johns FSB A xxsii p. 276 h; Th-D EA xv p. 29
AO 7034.
16. mu Ka-id-da^^^ u uni^"^^ Na-za- Year when with his mighty weapon
rum'^^^ s^Hukul kal-ga-ni-ta^^^ he took Ka-ida (= Pi-narati)
in-dib-ha^-'' and the city Nazarum.
BUL 236, 237, 238; YBC 4437 (?), 5364, 5832, 5850, 5852, 6182, 6202, 7034, 7201 (?),
8009; AO 7025 III: 16; Warica 94; Johns FSB A xxxii p. 277 1; Th-D EA xv p. 29
AO 6374, 6394.
"* The Louvre prism, AO 7025, preserves veiy slight traces of this formula, so that
it can be identified for the first time from Yale tablets.
"'Var: gal omitted.
"' Var : iiruki omitted.
"° Var : Gar-ra-dNe-uru-gal, dNe-uru-gal-gar-ra.
^^"Var: mu-un-du-a.
^^Var: Su-ti-umki, Su-tu-umki.
'^ Var : ia-slg.
Formula abbreviated mu ugnim TJnugki 1-si-inki DIN-TIB-KI giitulcul ta-an-sig and
mu ugnim TJnugki gistuhul ba-sig. The fact that Vfarad-NE-NE, king of Ereeh, known
from various texts dated in his reign (e. g., YBC 6768; Th-D FAB I p. 238, text AO
3744, impublished, and a tablet in the private possession of ScheU — cf. OLZ viii 351 — )
was reigning in the fifteenth year of Rim-Sin is shown for the first time by the Yale
tablets which give the full formula for this year.
^^Var: Ka-id-daki, Ka-id-daki meS, Ka-id-dameS fet, Ka-id-da^un, uruki Ka-id-da,
Ka-id-dameS. This variation may be due to the fact that the city was probably called
by its Semitic name, Fi-nardiim.
"* Var : uruki.
"' Var : Na-za-ru-um.
'^Var: Jcal-ga; giHuTcul Tcdl-ga-ni-ta omitted by most texts.
^Var: ba-an-dib, ha-an-dih.
Formula abbreviated mu Ka-id-da in-dii-ba, or mu Ka-id-da ba-gul.
30 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • EESEARCHES IV-1
17. mu id Edin-na id he-gdl-la^^^ Year he dug to the sea the canal of
zag a-db-'ba-sv}^^ mu-un-ia-al- the Plain, the canal of abun-
ld}^° dance.
BUL 239, 240, 241; YBC 5765, 6188, 6191, 6192, 6195, 6210, 6211, 6213, 6217, 6595,
6827, 7036, 7216, 7715, 7902, 7907, 7908; AO 7025 III: 17; FiguUa VS xiii 59; Th-D
BA XV p. 30 AO 6373, 6385, 6391, 7035.
18. mu wnt**^^^ Im-gur-^Bil-gi^''^^^ Year when with the mighty weapon
u uru^^^^^ Zi-ih-yiOr-tum^^^^^ given by Ellil he took the city
9^Hukul kal-ga ^En-lil niu-un- Imgur-Gibil and the city Zib-
nd-an-sum-ma-ta^^* iti-dib- natum.
RUL 107; YBC 6172, 6203, 7312, 7698; AO 7025 III: 18-19; JFarfca 96, 99; Eigulla
VS xiii 94, 95; Th-D RA xv pp. 30-31 AO 6358, 6766.
19. mu t]-su-'^Zuen-na^^^^^ u tj-zar- Year when with the mighty weapon
pa-ra^'^^'^ ^'Hukul kal-ga ^En- given by Ellil he took Bit-
lil mu-un-na-an-sum-ma-ta^^* Gimil-Sin and Uzarpara.
in-dib^"^-ha
BVL 243, 252; YBC 5561, 6837, 7268, 8629; AO 7025 111:20-21; Th-D BA xv
p. 31 AO 6395; cf. RFH 39 under U t.
20. mu ^^Idigna id dingir-ri-e-ne Year he dug to the sea the Tigris,
nam-he-tum^^^ zag a-ab-ha-su the river of the gods, which
mu-ba-al-W^^ brings abundance.
BUL 244, 245; YBC 5737, 5744, 5761, 5770, 5806, 5851, 5853, 6422, 6637, 6648,
6649, 6650, 6651, 7212, 7246; AO 7025 III: 22; Warica 20, 21 = Mei ABP 44;
Langdon Babyl vii p. 45 g.
21. mu Ki-sur-ra^^^*'' Aranna^*- Year he took Kisurra for Larsa,
^^ Var : he-gdl.
'^Var: zag a-ab-ba-su omitted.
^"Var: mu-ba-al-ld.
"' Var : uru ; or uruki omitted.
"^Var: the determinative ki omitted.
"'Var: Zi-ib-na-a-tumki, Zi-ib-na-tum.
"* Var : giHuTcul Jcal-ga dEn-lil mu-un-na-an-sum-ma-ta usually omitted, or only giHulcul
Ical-ga included.
^^Var: in-dib, ba-an-dib, ba-dib-ba{?).
""Var: tj-sa-ar-pa-raki, tj-sa-ar-bar-raki.
"'Var: dib.
"'Var: nam-lje-tum omitted.
'™Var: mu-un-ba-al-la, mu-un-ba-ld, mu-ba-al, mu-ba-al-la, mu-un-ba-al.
Formula abbreviated mu idJdigna mu-ba-al.
'*'Var: the determinative ki omitted; Mg occasionally inserted.
GRICE ■ CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 31
sw"^ ha-dih-ha^*^ u cHukul and with the mighty weapon
kal-ga-ni-ta}"^'^ ^En-lil mu-un- given by Ellil he devastated
na-sum-ma-ta^** Bdd'''^*^ la- Durum.
EVL 203, 204; YBC 3266, 5148, 5572, 5760, 5763, 5803, 626], 7583, 8074; AO 7025
III: 23-24; Th-D BA xv p. 32 AO 6359; Warlca 17, 18 = Mei ABF 108; Langdon
BaJ)yl vii p. 45 d; FiguUa VS xiii 60, 61.
22. mu diHiikul kal-ga '^En-lil mu- Year when by the mighty weapon
na-an-sum-ma-ta^*' Unug'^^-ga given by Ellil he devastated
mu-un-hul-a erim d-tali-ii Erech, his hand seized the
sH-ni^^^ sd-U-in-dug-ga ugu soldiers its defence, for the
nam-lu gdl-hi su-gar mu-gar- people of that city he estab-
ra^*^ lished mercy. (Or perhaps
"upon the people of that city
he laid tribute.")
BUL 79; YBC 5041, 5569, 6151, 6176, 7257; AO 7025 111:25-27; Th-D BA xv
p. 32 AO 7046; See Scheil BA xii p. 200, No. 4.
23. mu dug-ga zi-da Ana^''"* <^En-lil Year when by the righteous com-
'^En-ki-ga4a id id-du-a-ta}^'^ mand of Ann, Ellil, and Enki,
mu-'hi nu sd-a^"- sih Bi-im- the shepherd Rim-Sin dug the
"^Sin mu-un-ha-al-U?''^ id El- canal which from ancient days
1(^1533. ffiii-li H-iii-sd-a uru^^ had had no name, called its
141 ■
Var: Ararmaki(-ma) ; -iu or Ararmaki-su frequently omitted.
'■^Var: ba-an-dib (or dib) , mn-un-na-Mir-ra "he bound, added"; occasionally no
verb here.
^^ Var : Tcal-ga.
'"Var: mu-na-sum, mu-na-sum-ina-ta, mu-un-na-an-sum-ma-ta; in BUL 203 the
formula ends with this word.
'^Var: Bdd-dingirki z= Dur-ilu in Warla 18.
""Var: ha-hul, ba-an-hul-a, mu-un-hul-a, mu-na-hul-a, mu-'hul- . . .
Formula abbreviated mu Ei-sur-raki ba-an-dib il Bddki mu-un-hul-a (AO 6359 B) ;
mu Ki-sur-ra it Bddki ba-an-dib (YBC 8074) ; mu Ki-sur-raki ba-an-dib (Warlca 17) ;
mu Ki-sur-ra (FiguUa VS xiii 61).
^*'' Var : mu-un-na-sum-ma-ta, mu-na-sum-ma-ta, mu-na-an-smn-a-ta.
'^ Var : su-ni-a.
^^ Var : mu-un-gar-ra.
Formula abbreviated mu TJnugki ba-dib-ba.
"Mna is omitted in the contracts; included only in the prism, AO 7025, in which
phrases are habitually altered to be identical with other similar formulae.
"^Var: ul-a-ta.
•" Written NAD-a in BUL 220.
'^Var: mu-ba-al, mu-un-ba-al.
"'a Var: El.
32 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES ■ RESEARCHES IV-1
ds-ds-bi-su^^* gan dagal-la hi- name the Shining canal, for
in-tah-e^^^ all his cities added wide arable
fields.
J2I7L 217, 220 ; YBC 5045, 6986, 7248, 7255, 7264, 8386; AO 7025 III: 28-32; Poebel
BE vi(2) 5; Th-D HA xv p. 33 AO 6424; Grant SCL Smith 266, 269.
24. mu dug'^^^ Ana '^En-lil ^En-ki- Year when by the command of
ga-ta ^'^Buranun-na^^'' ti-igi- Ann, Ellil, and Enki, the right-
da^'"^ azag-ga ^Namiar-ge^^^ eous shepherd Rim-Sin dug
x-ttim^'^'^ E-kur-s'u}'^'^ es nam- from Erecli to the sea the
ti-la-ge sih zid '^Bi-im-'^Sin-e'^^'^ Euphrates, the shining ves-
ki TJnug'^^-gd^^^ zag a-ah-ha- sel( ?) of Nannar, which brings
sii}^* mu-un-ha-al-la^^^ gu-hi-ta ... to Ekur, the dwelling
gan dagal-la M-in-tah-e^^^ of life; from its bank wide
a-da^'^'^ uru TJruma^^{-ma)- arable fields he added ; abund-
sw"® im-mi-in-gar-ra^^^ ant water for Ur he provided.
EUL 149, 150; YBC 3384, 5855, 6042, 6154, 6223, 6294, 6992; AO 7025 III: 33-39;
Poebel BE vi(2) 4; Ni 2002, cited BA viii p. 84 note 3; WarM 106; Langdon Babyl
vii p. 45 f; Th-D BA xv p. 33 AO 7045.
25. mu dug-ga Ana ^En-lil ^En-ki- Year when by the command of
ga-ta id Mas-tai-ba^'"^ a-nag'^''^ Anu, Ellil, and Enki, Rim-Sin,
'" Supplied from Yale texts.
"" Formula . abbreviated mu dug-ga zi-da dEn-lil dEn-Tci-ga-ta id El-la mu-un-'ba-al-ld,
mu dBi-im-dSin lugal id El mu-ia-al, and mu id El mu-un-ba-al.
"°Var: KA-bar-ra.
"' Var : Bu-ra-na.
"^Var: ti-Jci-da. See Th-D BA xv p. 34; he does not translate, and the translation
of tigida given here is only conjectural.
"" Var : dNannar-ia.
"°Var: du in BVL 149: 10.
"* Var : t^-Tcur, il-lcur-ra.
"'Var: Bi-im-dSin.
""Wrongly read Ararma by Th-D BA xv p. 33, from a mutilated text. Var:
Unug-a-KU.
'" Var : a-ab-iu.
""Var: mu-bu-al-la, mu-ba-al, mu-ba-ld, ba-ba-al.
""* Gw-fti . . . bi-in-talj-e : this clause expanded in AO 7025 and 7045 A to gu-bi
agar-gal-gal-la im-ta-e-a gan zid M-in-dagal-la-a, of equivalent meaning. BUL 150 gives
i-im-ta-bal(l) instead of bi-in-tdfy-e.
'" Var : a-dug ' ' good water. ' '
'** Var : Vrumaki-su.
""Var: i-im-mi-gar-ra, i-mi-gar-ra.
Formula abbreviated in many ways, the shortest being mu idBuranunna mu-ba-ld.
""Var: Mas-tab-ba-g[d].
'" Written EA.
GEICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 33
ukic dagal-la-su gdl-la gu the man who possesses insight,
sd^''^-a-hi he-gdl ^Asnan gar- whose wisdom is surpassing,
gar-ra^''^ sih zid '^Ri-im-^Sin^'^* dug to the sea the Mashtabba
lu^''^ igi-gdl tug ha-an-da-W^ canal, which provides drinking
dirig-ga zag a-ab-ha-su mu- water for numerous people,
un-da-al-W'' [ag]ar-ds-ds-hi whose favorable bank furnishes
gan-zid-de-es M-in-tu-ri^''^ abundance of grain (?); all
its land to arable fields he
turned.
RUL 221, 222, 223:2-5; YBC 3264, 3293, 4494, 5043; Warka 86; Scheil BA xii
p. 199; AO 7025 III: 40-46; Chiera UMBS vm(l) 32 = Poebel EGT 90, 36 = EGT
91, 79 = EGT 89; Fig:ulla FS xiii 98.
26. mu d-mah Ana ^En-lil '^En-ki- Year when by the exalted power of
ga-ta uru^^'^''^ Dam-qi-l-li-su Anu, Ellil, and Enki, the right-
d-dam zag-su-dih-hi^^° 1-si- eous shepherd Rim-Sin took
. i'nfi^-ka^^'^ sih zid '^Ri-im-'^Sin the city of Damiq-ilishu, the
in-dih-ha^^^ . . . -ra lil . . . inhabitants ... of Isin,
Ararma^^ {-ma) -sii 'bi-in-tu-ri brought into Larsa . . .,
[u]d ul-a-ta u-ma-a-ni mu-un- established forever his victory.
guh-da^^^
BUL 223: 7-10; YBC 3296, 5377, 5720, 5742, 7307, 7786, 8685; AO 7025 III: 47-51;
WarUca 23; Th-D BA VIII p. 82 AO 5478; ScheU BA xii p. 200 No. 3; Langdon
Bahyl vii p. 45 a; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 14, 17, 48, 49; Th-D BA xv p. 35 AO 6360.
27. mu dug zid^^* Ana ^En-lil ^En- Year when the righteous command
ki-ga-ta id id-ta ia-ra gdl-la of Anu, Ellil, and Enki, the
'" The sign seems to be Ba W No. 143. See Dl S Gl pp. 230, 242. BUL 222 gives
only sd-M or si-a-hi. Perhaps the idea of fertility is suggested by "favorable." The
Yale texts give clearly gu for the sign read BI{?) by Th-D BA xv p. 35, and probably
hi for the sign read by him G'U{?). See Scheil 's copy, BA xii p. 199.
"' Var : gar-gar, gar-gar-ra-dm.
"■* Var : dBi-im-dSin-e.
"' BUL 222 gives lu instead of nun supplied by Th-D BA xv p. 8.
"' Var : handa-hi.
"^ Var: mu-ba-al, mu-ba-ld, mv,-ha-al-ld, ha-ba-al.
"^ Formula abbreviated in many ways, the shortest being mu id Mas-tab-ba mu-ba-al.
"* Var : uru.
'^''Var: zag-su-bi; zag-su-ba.
^*' Var : t-si-in-na-Tca, I-si-in-na, i-si-inki.
"^ Var : ba-an-dib, in-dib-ba, mu-un-dib-ba, mu-dib-ha, mu-un-dib, mu-dib-bi, mu-un-
dib-bi.
'^ Formula abbreviated in many ways, the shortest being mu uruki Dam-qi-i-U-su
ba-an-dib.
^^* Both BUL 242 and Figulla VS xiii 99 give dug zid instead of dug-ga supplied by
Th-D BA XV p. 8.
34 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
he-gdl-tum Arama'''^(-ma)-su righteous shepherd Riin-Sin
sih zid '^Ri-im-^Sin mu-un-ba- dug a canal which from ancient
al-ld^^^ id Nig-si-sd mu-ni hi- days had not existed, which
in-sd-a . . . [gd]l-la mu-hi brings abundance to Larsa;
PA^^^-hi-in-e-a'^^' named it the Canal of Justice,
and forever made his name
shine forth.
EUL 138, 229, 230, 242; YBC 5261; AO 7025 111:52-56; Chiera UMBS viii(l)
33 — Poebel EGT 85, 35(?), 42 z5: SCT 86; Scheil BA xii p. 200 No. 5; FiguUa VS
xiii 99.
28. mu dug Ana ^En-lil ^En-ki-ga- Year when by the command of
ta e id KA-NUN-DI ul-ta Anu, Ellil, and Enki, Rim-Sin,
ha-ra si-ga gan{?)gi^^^ da gal- the obedient shepherd, from( ?)
la gan zid nu gdl-la '^Bi-im- the great mountain to the sea
''Sin sih gis-iug kur-gal-la igi constructed the irrigation
a-ah-ha-su vku dagal um ditch (es) of the canal KA-
in-si-ga . . . [gan-dagal]-la NUN-DI, wliich had never
im-ta-e-a^^^ been constructed, so that for
a wide area( ?) there had not
been arable land, for(?) the
numerous people of the city ;
. Avide fields he made
extend.
EUL 246, 247, 248; YBC 3282, 4211, 4249, 5165, 6777; AO 7025 III: 57-62; Chiera
UMBS viii(l) 51; Th-D BA xv pp. 35-36 AO 6402.
29. mu dug-fa Ana ''En-lil ^En-ki- Year when bj' the command of
ga-ta Zar-hi-lum^^ gan{f)- Anu, Ellil, and Enki, the faith-
gu{?)-ka^^'^ ud-na-me had nu ful shepherd Rim-Sin built the
mu-un-du-a sih gi-na Ri-im- wall of Zarbilum, a region of
""Var: rmi-'ba-al-ld, mu-ha-al, ta-ha-al.
""' Dl S Gl p. 209 suggests Ijad as a possible reatliiig for PA .
"'Formula abbreviated in various ways, of two principal grouj^s: mu dug sid Ana
dEn-lib dEn-Jci-ga-ta id ul-ta ha-ra gal-la, and mu id Nig-si-sd mu-ha-al-ld.
^^ gi = land. Dl S Gl p. 86.
i8» j^]\f.j)jj is used as a variant of e.
Formula abbreviated in various ways, the shortest form being mu e id KA-NUN-DI
in-si-ga.
'°* The writing of the last three signs looks more like GIS-QAB (or Gty)-KA than
anything else. The last is shown by several Yale tablets to be certainly lea, not sag,
as it is read by Th-D BA xv p. 9 etc. uru-gu-sag "the important city" is tempting,
but does not seem to agree with the signs in the texts. My translation "a region of
the border" is merely conjectural. GIS-Gff =z maMitu "pillar(?), wall(?)" {Mei
2031), is also possible.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 35
''Sin'-^^ Md-U mu-un-du-a^°- the border (?) whose wall had
uku dagal-la-U ki-hi-su U-in- never been built ; reestablished
ge-a ki-tus ne-ha im-mi-in- its numerous people in their
^1^193 place; made them dwell in a
dwelling of peace.
EUL 224; YBC 3286, 3356, 4998, 5098, 5160, 6243, 6389; AO 7025 III: 63-IV: 2;
Warlca 87, 95; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 55, 74; Figulla VS xiii 93, 96, 97; Th-D BA xv
p. 36 AO 6366, 6765.
30a. mu iis-sa dug-ta Ana '^En-lil Year after, by the command of
^En-ki-ga-ta Zar-hi-luwfi'' Anu, Ellil, and Euki, the faith-
gan{ ?) -gu{f)-ka ud-na-me ful shepherd Eim-Sin built the
Md mi mu-un-du-a sih gi-na wall of Zarbilum, a region of
Ri-im-^Sin hdd-bi mu-un-du-a the border ( ?), whose wall had
never been built.
BUL 225; YBC 6829, 7269; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 60."*
30b. mu a kal-ga^^^ Ana '^En-lil Year when by the mighty power of
'^En-ki-ga-ta Du-un-nu-um^^^^^ Anu, Ellil, and Enki, the f aith-
uru^^sag-maht-si-in^^-na-ka^^'^ ful shepherd Rim-Sin in one
sih gi-na^^^ Ri-im-'^Sin^^^ ud day took Dunum, the prin-
ds-dm^°° in-dib-ha erim nam- cipal city of Isin, his hand
guh-bi^'^'^ .su-ni sd-^^-M-iln- seized the soldiers its protec-
dug-ga] nam-lu gdl-hi ki-tus- tion, the people of that city he
hi nu 7nu-un-ki(r-ra-"^' did not remove from the place
of their dwelling.
BUL 218, 219; YBC 3301, 4484, 5248, 5391, 6144; AO 7025 IV: 3-7; Chiera UMBS
viii(l) 69; Scheil BA xii p. 200 No. 2; Th-D BA xv p. 37 AO 6393.
"'Var: dBi-im-dSin (?).
^®- Var : mu-un-du, mu-du-a.
"' Formula variously abbreviated, the shortest form being mu had Zar-hi-lumki or
mu uruki Zar-hi-lumki.
^'* Chiera 69 abbreviated mu us-sa uru Zar-M-lum, mu-du-a.
^'•"^ BUL 218 gives a Ml-ga instead of dug-ga supplied by Th-D BA xv p. 9 on the
basis of AO 6393 which has dug.
^^^ Var : Bu-un-nu-um.
'"Var: l-si-in-na-'ka.
"»Var: zid.
^"Var: dBi-im-dSin.
=»°Var: dS-a.
^'Var: ne-ra. Perhaps it is the equivalent of ne-ru = erim, Dl S Gl p. 33.
="= BUL 218 : 45 has sd instead of sil of AO 7025 IV : 6. It seems reasonable, accord-
ingly, to complete the phrase sd-M-in-dug-ga on the analogy of the formula for Rim-Sin
22, instead of bi-iln-gar-ra].
203 ipjjg formula is variously abbreviated, the simplest forms so far found being mu
tad Bu-un-nu-umki in-dih-ha, or mu Bu-nu-umki gal-a mu-dib-ba.
36 YALE OEIENTAL SERIES ■ EESEAECHES IV-1
31a. mu us-sa uru^' Du-un-nu-um Year after he took Diinum, . . .
, . . t-si-in-na^^ ha-an-dih of Isin.
Th-D BA XV p. 37 AO 6387.
31b. mu sistukul-mah Ana ^En-lil Year when by the exalted weapon
^En-ki-ga-ta t-si-in^'^^^ uru^^^ of Anu, Ellil, and Enki, the
nam-lugal-la u d-dam ds-ds-°^ righteous shepherd Rim-Sin
a-na-me-a-bi-^^ sib zid"^^^ ^Bi- took Isin, the royal city, with
im-'^Sin^°^^ in-dib-ba^°^^ ugu all its inhabitants, as many as
uku dagal-bi su nam-ti-la in- there were ; over its numerous
gar-ra mu nam-lugal-bi du-ri- people he established the power
su-''^^ bi-in-e^"^^ of life ; he made go forth for-
ever the name of his kingship.
EVL 139; AO 7025 IV: 8-13; IV E 36, 4 and 5; King LIB p. 228 note Bu 91-5-9,
2466; Chiera VMBS viii(l) 30, 41, 61, 62, 67, 68, 77; Figulla VS xiii 62, 63, 64, 65;
Ni 215,-"» 290,'% 431,"° 1690,"° 1925=°"; AO 6767 unpub.'»°
32. mu ki-2 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba^^'^ Second year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
BUL 83; YBC 4229, 4270, 4384, 4307, 4481, 4831, 4843; Langdon Babyl vii p. 45 a;
AO 7025 IV: 14-19; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 45, 70, 71, 77; Figulla VS xiii 66, 67, 68,
70(?); Ni 1494,='= 1687, 1689,"= 1692,"* 1694-1700,"* 1704,"* 1706,='-" 1707,"* 1709-1711,"*
1714-1716"*, 1719,"' 1720,"* 1725,"' 1728/'^ 1733"'; Th-D BA xv p. 38 AO 6761.
*°*Var: BUL 139 has the form I-si-inki. See the note to BUL 3, under the formula
for Sin-idinnam a. Other var: 1-sirin-naki, 1-si-in-na, l-si-in.
*°' Var : uruki.
'°° Var : ds-ds-6i.
=*'Var: a-na-me-e, a-na-me-M, a-na-a-bi.
=°' Var : gi-na.
=°'a Var : Bi-im-dSin.
=°*bVar: ha-an-dih, ha-dib-ba, in-dih-ba-a, mu-un-dib-ha, also dib(EU) instead of
dib(LU).
*°*c Var : du-ri-es.
sosjYg^j.. i)i.in-e-a, bi-nd-a.
=°» Th-D BA XV p. 37.
='° Lindl BA iv pp. 338 fE.
=" The conventionalized formula used for this and the succeeding years of the Isin era
is that used in AO 7025 for the years of the era beginning with the fourth, while in
AO 7025 the formulae for the second and the third years of the era are written as
fully as the first year, the second being called mu iis-sa etc, and the third mu u^-sa-bi
etc. Full forms were occasionally used in business documents also for the later years
of the era, the only one that is as full as the form on the prism for the first three
years, however, that has yet been found on a published tablet being in BUL 106, for
the eighth year of the era, though on the many documents of the era which have been
published the formula is abbreviated or altered in almost every conceivable way.
Besides the phrases for the second and the third years of the era already stated,
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 37
33. mu ki-3 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ha Third year (of the era in which)
he took Isin,
BUL 95(?) ; AO 7025 IV: 20-25; Chiera UMBS vui(l) 57, 66; FiguUa VS xiii 71,
72; Ni 933,=^^ 1701.«*
34. mu ki-4 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ha Fourth year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
BUL 249; AO 7025 IV: 26; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 50; Ni 752,"'^ 1693,-" 1718.^*
35. mti ki-5 I-si-in'''' in-dib-ba Fifth year (of the era in which) he
took Isin.
BUL 205; AO 7025 IV: 27; War7:a 105; Chiera UMBS \'iii(l) 78; Ni 1702.^*
36. mu ki-6 1-si-in''^ in-dib-ba Sixth year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
WarTca 9 = Mei ABP 41, 10; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 29; Figulla VS xiii 73; ScheU
BA xii p. 116; AO 7025 IV: 28.
37. mu ki-7 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Seventh year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
WarJca 107=^'; Figulla VS xiii 74, 75, 76, 77; AO 7025 IV: 29; Scheil BA xii p. 201;
Grant SCL Smith 273.
38. mu ki-8 I-si-in'^^ in-dib-ba Eighth year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
BUL 106; IV B 36, 9; AO 7025 IV: 30; WarM 24; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 56;
Figulla VS xiii 78.
39. mu ki-9 t-si-i'nfi^ in-dib-ba Ninth year (of the era in which)
he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 31; Th-D LC 232; Brit. Mus. 33280-^'^; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 28;
Figulla VS xiii 79.
40. mu ki-10 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Tenth year (of the era in which)
he took Isin,
various other ways of expressing the position of the year in the era were employed by
the scribes; e. g.,
mu us-sa-M lci-3 mu us-sa x-lcam-ma mu M-x v^-sa
mu us-sa Tci-x mu us-sa Tci-x-Tcam mu Tci-x-Tcam-ma
mu us-sa x-Tcam mu us-sa M-x-lcam-ma mu x-Jcam
and for the years up to the sixth mu v^-sa-x-M in Yale texts (Cf. BUL 205, 249). It
seemed best to group all these variants and to make no reference to them in connection
with the individual years to which they happen to belong.
"" Th-D BA XV p. 38, note 61 and footnote 1.
'" Th-D BA XV p. 38, note 61 and footnote 2.
"-" Lindl BA iv pp. 338 ff.
""See Chiera UMBS viii(l) p. 76, notes 3 and 4.
"'See Chiera UMBS viii(l) p. 77, 9.
38 YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
AO 7025 IV: 32; Langdon FSB A xxxiv pp. 109 ff. No. viii; Chiera UMBS viii(l)
43; Figulla VS xiii 70a(?), 80.
41. mu ki-11 1-si-in^^ in-dih-ha Eleventh year (of the era in which)
AO 7025 IV: 33; Poebel BE vi(2) 6. he tOOk Isin.
42. mu ki-12 t-si-in^'' in-dib-ia Twelfth year (of the era in which)
AO 7025 IV: 34; FiguUa VS xiii 8L he tOok Isin.
43. mu ki-13 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ia Thirteenth year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 35; WarTca 13, 14. which) he took Isin.
44. mu ki-14 1-si-in^* in-dih-ba Fourteenth year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 36; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 38. which) he took Isin.
45. mu ki-15 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ha Fifteenth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 37; Figulla VS xiii 82, 83; Waterman AJSL xxix p. 197 (Bu. 91-5-9,
752).="
46. mu ki-16 t-si-in^^ in-dih-ba Sixteenth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 38; Langdon FSB A xxxiv pp. 109 ff. Nos. vi, ix, x; Figulla VS xiii
84, 85.
47. mu ki-17 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Seventeenth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 39; Waterman AJSL xxix p. 153 (Bu. 91-5-9, 868).="
48. mu ki-18 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Eighteenth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 40; IV ^ 36, 11; Warkal,^; Poebel JBB vi(2) 7.
49. mu ki-19 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Nineteenth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 41; Chiera VMBS viii(l) 44; Figulla VS xiii 86.
50. mu ki-20 l-si-iti''^ in-dib-ba Twentieth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 42; Langdon PSBA xxxiv pp. 109 ff. No. vii; Figulla VS xiii 87, 88, 89.
51. mu ki-21 T-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Twenty-first year (of the era in
AO7025IV:43; Seheili?rxix44. which) he took Isin.
52. mil ki-22 t-si-in^* in-dib-ba Twenty-second year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 44; Poebel BE vi(2) 8; Figulla VS xiii 90; Ni 1708.='*
=" It is possible that these texts, the formulae of which read mu 15-Jcam and mu
17-'kam{'i), are not of the Isin era, because all the otlier texts published by Waterman
in his two articles in AJSL are either of the First Dynasty of Babylon or of Immerum,
the latter being probably a king of Sippar. Yet in the period of the First Dynasty no
other era of fifteen or more years is known other than that after the capture of Isin.
GRICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LARSA DYNASTY 39
53. mu ki-23 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ha Twenty-third year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 45; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 72; Ni 1717."*
54. mu ki-24 l-si-in^* in-dih-la Twenty-fourth year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 46; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 59. which) he took Isin.
55. mu ki-25 t-si-in''^ in-dib-ha Twenty-fifth year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 47; Poebel BE vi(2) 9. which) he took Isin.
56. mu ki-26 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Twenty-sixth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 48; Laugdon FSB A xxxiv pp. 109 ff. No. v; Ni 642«* 1688."*
57. mu ki-27 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Twenty-seventh year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 49; Ni 1591.==" which) he took Isin.
58. mu ki-28 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Twenty-eighth year (of the era in
AO 7025 IV: 50; Warlca 19. which) he took Isin.
59. mu ki-29 t-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Twenty-ninth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 51; Warka 19, 82; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 31.
60. mu ki-30 I-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Thirtieth year (of the era in
which) he took Isin.
AO 7025 IV: 52; Figulla VS xiii 91, 92; ScheH BT xxi 125.
61. mu ki-31 1-si-in^^ in-dib-ba Thirty-first year (of the era in
EUL 206; YBC 5552, 7082; AO 7025 IV: 53. which) he tOOk Isin.
Incomplete dates of the Isin era:
CT vi pi. 24; Chiera UMBS viii(l) 40, 47; Figulla VS xiii 101; Warlca 104(?).
Rim-Sin II
a. mu ^Ri-im-'^Sin lugal (First) year of Rim-Sin, the king.
AO 4323."'
^'^Nouvelles Fouilles de Tello p. 195, and Th-D LC 233. See Th-D EA xv pp.
42-44, 51. The determinative for god before the name Rim-Sin is not convincing
evidence for assigning texts to a Rim-Sin II, unless accompanied by other evidence,
because of the variation in writing the name of the first Rim-Sin. See EUL 107,
dated in the eighteenth year of Rim-Sin I, where the king's name is written
in the oath formula Bi-im-Sin(ES), and note the fact that in the documents
from Nippur (See especially Poebel BE vi 2), the regular form is dEi-im-dSin, from
the' very beginning of the reign. Though no tablets from Senkereh have yet been
published which use the determinative for god before the name of Rim-Sin earlier than
the twenty-third year of his reign, a text from Mugheir {EUL 103) in the Yale CoUee-
tion is dated mu dEi-im-dSin lugal. Inasmuch as the latest date among the one hundred
and thirty-six Yale tablets from Mugheir is the eighth year of the Isin era, while the
Mugheir tablets include several of Sin-iqisham and §ili-71f, together with a large number
40
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
b. mu ^Ri-im-^Sin lugal TJruma^^
ki-edin-su hi-in-gar
Pinches PSBA xxxix p. 56 and PI. iv 17.
c. mu ^Ri-im-'^Sin lugal ^Nin-
mah-e e KeP^^^^ temen-an-
ki^^^-hi-da-ta nam-lugal uku-
kis-gdl-la-su gal-hi-ta ha-an-
im-la lu-kur lu-hul-li kur-
kur-sit, gah-hi mi ge-a^^^
Year Rim-Sin, the king, established
Ur (as the capital ?) for the
land of the plain.
Year Rim- Sin, the king, whom, in
the temple of Kesh, the temen
of heaven and of earth, the
goddess Nin-mah raised to the
sovereignty of all the people,
did not drive back the wicked
enemies into their countries.
EUL 226,227; YBC 5767, 5846, 7043, 7159; WarTca 11, 12, 22; Uei ABP 1; Pinches
PSBA xxxix p. 68 and PI. viii 21.
Unidentified Formulae, probably of the Larsa Djiiasty
a. See Warad-Sin a.
b. See Sin-idinnam a.
e. mu unu JE-hahhar-ra ha-du"^
RUL 38:3, 75.
d(=rc + l).^^^ mu ugnim DIN-
TIR-KI siHukul ba-an-sig
EUL 38: 5 and date.
Year he built the dwelling B-bab-
bar.
Year he smote with his weapon the
army of Babylon.
of Warad-Sin, ETJL 103 is probably from the reign of Rim-Sin I, and the determinative
for god was probably in use at Ur as well as Nippur from the beginning of the reign
of Rim-Sin I. Thureau-Dangin 's arguments for the existence of a second Rim-Sin,
however, seem convincing, and the three formulae lettered a, b, and c are therefore given
here as belonging to Rim-Sin 11. The criteria for determining to which Rim-Sin a
given tablet of the first year of the reign belongs must in any case be of the same
nature as those which Thureau-Dangin himself uses in determining the position of AO
4323 (See EA xv p. 43), not merely the way of writing the name of the king. (Note
also mE'im(AM)-dSin{ES) in King Chronicles Concerning Early Babylonian Kings vol.
II p. 123 11. 9, 15.)
■■'" In EUL 226 Keski has BV inserted in the usual sign, the usual form being found
in WarTca 12.
■•"EUL 226 has here a sign which looks more like ud than Tci, though probably Tci
is intended.
"' Formula abbreviated mu dEi-im-dSin lugal H-Tcur lil }iul-gdl, or simply mu lit-Tcur
m hul-gdl.
'^^ This may possibly be a date of Sin-idinnam. Cf . references to Sin-idinnam 's
building fi-babbar in his cones. (Th-D VAB I pp. 208-211; texts published Dl BA I
301 flf ; Lenormant CJioix de Textes No. 6, and IV E 36 No. 2; CT xxi 30, 30215.)
''^^ EVL 38 contains two date formulae, those given here as c and d. Accordingly
d is for the year after c.
GEICE • CHRONOLOGY OF LAESA DYNASTY 41
e. mu ugnim uru Al-gu-um s*Hu- Year [he smote] with his weapon
kul [ba-an-sig] the army of the city Algum.
BUL 17.
f, mu hdd-gal Ararma^'{-ma)^^* Year he built the great wall of
ha-du--^ u 1 alam ku-hah- Larsa and brought into the
ftar^-" u 1 alam guskin^^'' e temple of Shamash one silver
'^Bahhar-su^^^ i-ni-tu-ri^^^ statue and one golden statue.
BUL 13, 21, 23, 35, 37, 40, 41, 64, 69, 74, 80a, 86, 92, 100, 109a, 148; YBC 4235b,
4792, 4853 ; Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 235 EFH 25a.
g(r=f-(-l). mu us-sa alam gus- Year after he brought a golden
kin e '^Bahhar-su i-ni-tu-ri statue into the temple of
BUL 45. Shamash.
h. mu ^^^gu-za e ^Nannar Year (he brought) a throne (into)
the temple of Nannar,
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 223 EFH 5,==" p. 241 EFH 33.
i. mu kisal-mah ^Bahhar sag Year he built the lofty temple plat-
UNU'^'-ma ha-du^^^ form of Shamash in Erech ( ?).
BUL 22, 39.
j. mu ^^^gu-za zag-hi-us urudu Year he brought into the temple of
"* Var : Ararmaki.
"°Var: ha-du omitted.
*"Var: su-du-a inserted.
'" Var : il 1 alam guslcin omitted.
^^*Var: e dBahbar-ra, e dBaihar.
'^ Var : i-ni-in-tu-ri, i-ni-in-tu, i-ni-in-tu-ra, tu-ri.
The texts here listed are dated by formulae which are of three groups:
a. The complete formula as given above.
b. mu hdd-gal Ararmaki ha-du.
c. mu alam guslcin e dBahhar-sii i-ni-in-tu-ri.
For convenience they have been grouped together above, though it is possible that they
represent two or even three different years. The letters a or b at the right of the
numbers in the list indicate to which group each text belongs. The texts without a
letter belong to group c. Some of these texts, possibly all of them, may belong to the
reign of Sin-iqisham. Cf. Sin-iqisham b, c.
^° The formula of EFH 5 is read by Meek mu gu-za sangu-us. This reading may
be correct.
^^ The name of the city in both of these texts is written UNUki-ma. The sign UNU
of course is the sign for Erech, yet the overhanging ma suggests that probably UD was
omitted by the scribe before UNU, and that the city referred to was UD-UNUki, Larsa,
making these tablets of the year Warad-Sin e.
42
YALE ORIENTAL SERIES • RESEARCHES IV-1
ur-mah min{f)-a-'bi e ^Innina
in-ni-Ui-ri
See Johns FSBA xxxii p. 281."=
k(= j + 1.) mil us-sa zag-hi-us
ur-mah min{?)-a-'bi e ^Inni-
7ia-su i-ni-in-tu-ra
See Johns PSBA xxxii p. 281.^
1. mu id ^Sin-i-mi . . . mu-ha-al
Warl-a 92.
m. mu s^^gu-za '^En-lil mu-un-dim-
ma
Langdon Bahyl vii p. 48 b.
n. mu us-sa urudu alam d-M e
^Bahhar-su ha-dlm
Th-D LC 58."-^
o. mu Du-nu-um
Th-D LC 55.^*
mu-du
p. vnii En-te-na id he-gal mu-ha-
al^^'
Th-D BA XV p. 39 e AO 6383.
q. mu ^Nu-mus-da ~^^'^Nam-ra-at
-^*^'^Lugal-A-wa-ak'^^'' ba-an-
Ishtar a throne with two(?)
bronze lions at its sides.
Year after he brought into the tem-
ple of Ishtar (a throne with)
two ( ? ) lions at its sides.
Year he dug the canal Sin-imi- . . .
Year he made the throne of Ellil.
Year after he made four bronze
statues for the temple of
Shamash.
Year he built Dunum . . .
Year he dug Entena, the canal of
abundance.
Year he made (statues of) Nu-
mushda, Nararat, (and) Lugal-
^- Johns gives the two formulae listed here as j and k with other formulae which
he says are of Immerum or Nur-IM. Judging by the oath formulae which mention
him, Immerum was probably a king of Sippar. The oath of CT iv 50a, mu dSamas ■H
Im-me-ru-um mu dMardulc il Su-mu-la-ilu indicates that the patron god of Immerum 's
city was Shamash, as Marduk was the patron of Babylon, Sumu-la-ilu 's capital; i. e.,
that Immenmi was king of either Larsa or Sippar. But the oaths which mention both
Immerum and Sippar (Cf., e. g., the oath of VS viii 4, 5, by Shamash, Aia, Sippar,
and Immerum, the gods of Sippar and the city itself) indicate that his seat was at
Sippar rather than Larsa. The dates j and k are included in the list because they
may belong to the Larsa Dynasty. Cf. the formula for Sumu-ilu 3, of which this may
possibly be a variant.
-'^ See Th-D RA xv pp. 38-39 a.
=" See Th-D BA xv p. 39 b.
-" It is possible, in view of the great variation in the writing of the sign edin-na in
the large number of Yale tablets dated in the seventeenth year of Rim-Sin, that this
formula is for that year, id having been omitted by a mistake of the scribe.
^°Var: a single vertical wedge is inserted in one text before dNam-ra-at and one
before dLugal-A-wa-ak. Perhaps this means "one" statue, though it may be a deter-
minative before the name.
"■" Var : dLugal-A-iva-akki,
GRICE ■ CHEONOLOGY OF LARS A DYNASTY 43
dlm-me-es Ka-zal-lii^^-su^^'^ Awak. (and) brought them
i-ni-in-tu-ri^^^ into Kazallu.
Th-D EA XV pp. 39-40 f AO 6382, 6386.
r. mil ^'^Idigna ha-ha-al siSgu-nir Year he dug the Tigris, and brought
gal guskin e '^Bahhar-su i-ni- into the temple of Shamash a
in-tu-ri^*^ large golden emblem.
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 225 RFH 8 (See p. 217).
s. mu ^^^su-nir kal-ga e ^Nannar-su Year he brought a precious emblem
i-ni-in-tu-ri^*^ into the temple of Nannar.
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 240 RFH 32, p. 241 RFH 34.
t. mu Lugal-^Zuen-na ha-an-diV'^^ Year he took Sharru-Sin.
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 243 RFH 39.
u. mu ugnim . . .^^^ ^^Huktd Year he smote with his weapon the
ba-an-slg army . . .
Meek AJSL xxxiii p. 233 RFH 22, p. 242 RFH 38.
-^* Var : Ka-salki-lu-M.
'^Var: i-ni-in-tu-tu.
'*^ This may be a formula of Sin-idinnam. Cf . his reference to digging the Tigris
in a cone published Dl BA I 301 ff, translated Th-D VAB I pp. 208, 209.
^*^ The formula of RFH 32 reads mu su-nir Tcal-ga e dNannar ; that of RFH 34 is
read by Meek mu giSsu-nir-ra Tcalag e dGasan-Tci-gal i-ni-in-tu-ri.
^*^ Cf. the formulae for Sumu-ilu 5 and Rim-Sin 19. This formula, read by Meek
mu lugal Nipruki "ba-an-dib, is not exactly like either of the other formulae.
^'^ Meek leaves this formula imdeciphered. His copies do not look like any other
known formula of the dynasty which has to do with an army. (Cf. Gungunu 19; Abi-
sare 9; Sumu-ilu 4, 11-13, 22; Sin-idinnam a; Warad-Sin a; Rim-Sin 15, 16, 22;
U d, e.) The signs in his copy of this formula look more like GIB-{?)-KA-A-KI than
anything else.
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