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CAMBRIDGESHIRE 


ISLE  OF  ELY. 


PUBLISHED   BY  THE  CAMBRIDGE  CAMDEK  SOCIETY. 


€ainbi(t(gt: 

T.    STEVENSON. 

LONDON:    J.   G.   F.  AND   J.    Ill  V  I  N  G  T  O  N. 

OXFORD:   J.   H.   PARKER. 

JIDCCCXLV. 


LIST    OF    PLATES. 


St.  Andeew,  Cheruy-Hinton. 

Ground  Plan. 

Interior  from  the  North  Aisle. 

Interior  of  Church. 

Mouldings. 

Capitals,  Bases,  &c. 

Sedilia  and  Piscina. 

Interior,  the  South-west. 

Part  of  the  Chancel  and  South  Aisle. 

Exterior  View. 

Trumpington  Church. 

Groimd  Plan. 

View  from  the  South  Chapel. 

Exterior  View. 

Mouldings. 

Details. 

Capitals,  Bases,  &c. 

View  from  the  North  Chapel. 

HiSTON  Church. 

View  from  the  South  Transept,  looking  West. 

Exterior  View. 

Mouldings,  &c. 

Capitals,  Bases,  &c. 

Ground  Plan. 

Interior  of  South  Transept. 

Interior  of  North  Transept. 

Harlton  Church. 

Ground  Plan. 
Mouldings. 
Exterior  View. 
Interior  from  the  West. 

Haslingfield  Church. 

Interior  View. 
Exterior  View. 


20S2.q.'^8 


Ci)urci)e0 


CAMBEIDGESIIIRE. 


^*  ^ntrreb),  efterrBsfi^inttm* 


ft.    ft. 

4+  by  21 

68  by  24 

Tower 


N.  Aisle 
S.  Aisle 
22  by  20 


I    68  by 


10 


HE  village  of  Cherry-Hinton  is  situated 
about  three  miles  to  the  S.  E.  of  Cam- 
bridge, at  the  foot  of  the  Gog-Magog 
Hills,  in  the  Deanery  of  Cambridge  and 
Hundred  of  Fleam  Dyke,  and  derives 
its  distinctive  appellation  from  the  number  of 
cherry  trees  Avhich  formerly  grew  in  the  parish. 
We  learn  from  Buttes  Diets  Dry  Dinner',  Lond. 
1599,  that  it  was  commonly  known  by  this  name  in  the  six- 
teenth century,  though  in  documents  of  early  date  it  is  usually 
called  '  Hinton'  or  '  Ilynton'  only,   without  any  addition. 

The  Church   is  dedicated   to    S.  Andrew,  and 
is  a  Vicarage   in    the  gift   of  S.  Peter's  College. 
In  the  Taxation  of  Walter  Suthfield,  Bishop  of  Norwich,  in 

'  "Cherries,"  says  he,  "take  their  name  from  Cerisiinle,  a  town  of  Pontus,  whence 
LucuUus  brought  them  after  having  conquered  Mithridate ;"  and  adds,  "  Cantabrigian 
/Ichadcmichs  may  very  filly  interpret  Ccrisuul'i',  Cherry-IIinto,  their  neighbour  Cherry  Towne: 
where  many  Alheni(m^i\a\tes,  are  so  overcome  by  Cherryes. .  ..that  they  are  constrained  to 
implore  the  aydc  of  Milliridate,  and  his  cosin  Triacle,  in  regaining  to  them  the  Castle  of 
Health." 

B 


church. 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


1255,  or  the  Vetus  Valor,  we  find  "  Hinton  xxx  marc:  vices 
XX  sol:  Yicaria  de  Hinton  xl  sol:  vices  ij  sol:"  In  the 
^"erus  Valor  or  Taxation  of  1290,  the  entry  is  "  Ecclia  de 
Hvntou.     Taxatur  ad  —  marcas:  decimatur  xl  sol:  Vicarius 

•'  XXX 


ejusdera  taxatur  —  "f''',  decimatur  iv  sol:"  In  1451,  the 
Vicar's  stipend  was  fixed  at  26s.  8d.  (being  half  a  mark, 
four  times  a  year),  according  to  an  agreement  between  Peter- 
House  and  Robert  Scheppard,  the  Vicar.  Besides  Avhich  the 
College  '  ex  mero  motu  suo'  do  grant  him  65.  8d.  a  year  for 
a  Livery  (pro  Liberata).— T'ef.  Herj.  Coll.  S.  Pet.  p.  88.  In 
the  King's  Books,  or  Taxation  of  Henry  VIII.,  the  Vicarage 
stands  at  £9  14:5.  6^/.;  but  being  sworn  of  the  yearly  value 
of  £21  13*.  8M.,  it  is  thscharged  of  first-fruits  and  tenths, 
and  is  capable  of  augmentation.'  Fleetwood  says  of  it,  "  Valet 
in  Reg.  Lib.  £21  135.  Sid.  Solvit  Xmas  £0  195.  5k/.  Pro- 
curat.  £0  75.  6d."  The  same  sum  we  find  was  paid  for  Pro- 
curations in  1533,^  as  is  still  the  case;  while  in  1516  we 
have  the  entry* 

Synod.  den'ii  Petri.  Procurat.s 

xiiijfi.  vs.  xviijcZ. 

In  which  same  year  we  find  from  the  "  Rotulus  quadrantin' 
de  EUe  et  denariorum  Sti  Petri'"'  in  the  same  MS.,  that  15i</. 
was  paid  for  Eli/  Farthings,'  Mr.  Bacchus  being  the  collector. 


Blomf.  Collect,  p.  1.  =  MSB.  Caius  Coll.  170,  p.  11.  ■•  lb.  p.  15. 

s  "Procurations  be  dewe  for  visitation.  TIi'  archdeacon  is  bownde  yerely  to  visite  all 
his  archdeaconry  throweoute ;  then  to  enquire  of  all  crimes  and  misgovernance  of  the  people, 
as  well  the  clergie  as  the  laitee,  by  churchwardens  and  others  ....  for  this  visitation  he  hath 
procurations. 

"  Si/nodals  be  dewe  for  the  scne  (synod)  kept  at  Ester  by  th' archdeacon  or  his  officers, 
calling  together  the  parsons,  vicars,  ami  parish  priests,  diligently  enquiring,  if  everie  of  the 
same  doe  &  have  done  their  devvties  according  to  the  lawes  of  God,  lawes  of  the  prince 
established,  &  ordinance  of  the  church  accustomed." — MS.  Cotton  Cleopat.   F.  1.  4. 

"  MSS.  Caius  Coll.  CLXX.  p,  80. 

'  "  At  this  daie,"  says  Baker,  "  the  Bp.  of  Elie  hath  out  of  everie  parish  in  Cambridgeshire, 
a  certeine  Tribute  called  Elie  Farthings,  or  smoiie-fartfiings,  which  the  churchwardens  doe 
levie,  according  to  the  number  of  houses,  or  else  of  chimneys  that  be  in  aparishe." — MSS.  xxix. 
326.  "  By  the  records  of  the  church  of  Elie  it  appears  that  in  the  year  1151  every  person 
who  kept  a  fire  in  the  several  parishes  within  that  diocese  was  obliged  to  pay  one  farthing 
yearly  to  the  Altar  of  S.  Peter  in  the  same  Cathedral."— ^55.  Bowtell,  vi.  2197. 


S.  ANDREW,  CIIERRY-HINTON. 


In    Doomsday  Book   no    mention    is    made   of 

Manor. 

any  church  at  Hinton :  Alan,  Earl  of"  Brittany 
and  Richmond,  son-in-law  to  A\'illiani  tho  Conqueror,  was 
then  Lord  of  the  INIanor,  which  had  previously  b(4ong(Yl  to 
Editha,  wife  of  Edward  the  Confessor;  it  was  held,  temp. 
Hen.  III.,  as  parcel  of  the  Earldom  of  Richmond,  by  Peter 
de  Savoy,  and  his  successor  in  that  honour,  .John,  Duke  of 
Brittany ;'  as  we  find,  in  the  Rot.  Hundred,  temp.  Ed.  I. 
p.  53,  "  Dnt  qd  Petrus  de  Sabaudia  tenuit  man'ium  de 
Hinton  dono  H.  Reg'  pris  dni  R.  nuc  quod  est  de  honore 
Richem'.  Dnt  qd  holes  de  Hinton  solvcrut  Saero  de  FrivilF 
duas  marc',  q  no  ve'nnt  ad  inquisicoem  unde  nuc  sut  districti 
p  p'dcis  denar'."  The  Parish  Church,  however,  must  have 
been  built  before  the  middle  of  the  thirteenth  century,  as 
Ave  then  find  the  Manor  of  Hinton  Nether  Hall,  with  the 
Advowson  of  the  Church,  held  of  the  Honour  of  Richmond  by 
the  Hintons,  from  whom  the  Manor  passed  to  the  Moubrays.' 
By  the  Hintons  the  Advo>\son  was  sold  for  six  score  marks 
to  Hugh  de  Balsham,  who  was  Bishop  of  Ely  from  12o7  to 
1286.  The  original  deed  of  sale  is  among  the  archives  of 
Ely,  and  is  copied  by  Cole',  and  runs  thus — "  Jolies  Filius 
Johis  de  Hyntou  dat  &  confirmat  llugoni  Elyensi  Ejjo  & 
successoribus  suis  una  acra  Terrae  suae  cu'  ptii'^  in  Hynton,  una 
cu  advocacoe  Ecclie  de  Hynton  ....  Habenda  et  Tenend.  dcas 
Acra  &  Advocacoem  bene  libere  Sec.  reddendo  inde  annuatim 
pro  oi  (omni)  servicio  &c.  unum  Clavum  Cariofolii.'"'  It 
would  also  appear  that  for  some  years  previous  to  the  sale 
of  the  Advowson,  Bishop  Balsham  held  it  of  its  possessors 
'  in  Eleemosynam ;'  we  find  mention  made  of  this  fact,  in  a 
Survey  of  the  Honour  of  Richmond,  made  in  the  tenth  year  of 
Edward  I.,  before  Thos.  de  Norman ville  and  Joli.  de  Crokeslee, 
and  copied  by  Cole,  ix.  234:  where  under  '  Hinton'  we  read. 


*  Lysons  211.     Dugd.  Baron,  i.  oO. 

"  Le  Sicur  de  Frevillc,  of  Little  Sliellovd.  '  Uot.  Esch.  (i.   l!ic.  ii. 

'  MSS.  IX.  11-2.  '  i-uin  pcrtintnliis.  '  Cloves. 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


"  Item  diciint  quod  Johannes  filius  Johannis  tenet  in  eadem 
\-illa  dimid.  feodi  INIilitis,  cum  Advocatione  Ecclesise,  et  valet 
xx'.  per  annum.  Et  Hugo  Eliens.  Episcopus  habet  Advo- 
cationem  Ecclesiae  cum  una  acra  terrse  in  Elemos.  a  tempore 
octo  annorum. 

Of  the  Huiton  family  we  find  the  following  slight  notice 
in  the  Life  of  Bishop  Lisle,  printed  in  the  first  Vol.  of  Leland's 
CoUectanea,  pt.  ii.  p.  607.  '  Hugo  de  Hinton  nobilis  armiger 
filius  Joannis  de  Hinton,  pugnavit  tempore  Ed.  III.  una  cum 
patre  Gul.  de  Hinton,  mUite,  in  transmarinis  partibus.  Et 
in  regno  Hispaniae  contra  inimicos  crucis  Christi.  Qua  in 
pugna  Gul.  de  Hinton  mUes  occisus  est,  et  Hugo  in  lumbis, 
psene  ad  mortem,  vulneratus;  sed  ex  vulnere  postea  conva- 
luit.'  They  appear  before  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Edward  III. 
to  have  removed  to  the  parish  of  Stretham,  as  in  Bishop 
Montacute's  Registers  we  find  several  licenses  from  time  to 
time,  granted  to  '  Ralph  de  Hynton '  to  hear  Mass  in  his  Chapel 
at  Thetford,  in  that  parish. 

In  the  year  1335,  John  Hotham,  Bishop  of 
Ely,  finding  upon  inquiry  that  the  revenues  of  S. 
Peter's  College  were  not  suiRcient  for  the  proper  maintenance 
of  the  Scholars,  but  that  they  would  be  obliged  by  reason  of 
their  poverty  to  separate  before  the  close  of  the  academical 
year,  was  induced  to  appropriate  the  Rectory  of  Cherry-Hinton 
to  that  College;  which  appropriation  was  in  the  same  year 
confirmed  by  John  Crauden,  the  Prior,  and  the  Convent  of 
Ely.  The  deed  of  confirmation  is  an  interesting  one,  we  there- 
fore subjoin  it  entire. 

Conjirmatio  Eccliw  de  Hintmi,  Scholaribiis  Domus  Sti  Petri  Cantebr. 

Universis  &c.  Fratcr  Johannes  de  Crauden,  Prior  Ecelice  Catli.  Ely  en.  et 
ejusdem  loci  Conventus  Sal.  in  Dno.  Noveritis  nos  Literas  Venerab.  Patris 
nostri  Dni.  Johannis  de  Hotham,  Dei  gra.  Episcopi  Elyensis,  inspexisse  et 
legisse,  sub  eo,  qui  sequitur,  tenore.  Johannes  permiss.  Divina  Epfis  Elyensis, 
DUectis  in  X'°  filiis  Magi-o.  et  Scholaribus  Domus  nostrse  S.  Petri  Cantebrigg. 
nostra  Dioceseos,  Sal,  gratiam,  et  Benedietionem.     Inter  csetera  quie  cselestis 


S.  ANDREW,  CIIERRY-HINTON. 


Agricolre  siimm.a  Benigiiitas  plantavit  in  Horto  Militantis  Ecclcsia;,  ilia  deect 
Collegia  dignis  Honoribus  aceolero,  ot  favoribus  [ii'oslh|vu  gratiosis,  in  (|uibus 
Divinis  Obsoquiis  t'rLH[uenter  iusistitur,  et  ad  Ilonoreui  Doi  et  Saerosanctaj 
Ecclia;,  et  orthodoxy  Fidei  iucrcmentuni,  fnictuosa  scientia  gerniinatur. 
Aiidivimus  siquidom,  ox  fide  dignoi'um  Relatu,  et  id  sa-pius  de  facto  manifoste 
eomprobatur,  ((uod  Taeidtates,  per  rccolend;u  Memoria'  ]3nni  llugoneni  de 
Balsliani,  (|uondam  Epiim  Elyeus.  Pra;decessorem  nostrum,  ilicta;  Donnis  fun- 
datorem,  eidem  Douiui  assignata;  et  concessa;,  vobis  pro  sustentatione  vcstra 
per  anmnu  integrum  eompetenti,  alia  ouera  eidem  Domui  incumbentia  debite 
supportando,  modernis  temporibus  non  suffieiunt,  quia  Collegium  vcstrum  ante 
anni  fiuem  disgregari  ob  sustentationis  defectum  doleutcr  oportebit.  llinc 
est  quod  nos  paupertatem  vestram  Paterno  et  gementi  respicicntes  afteetu, 
attendentes  etiam,  quod  quanto  Domus  pra^dicta  opulontioribus  facultatibus 
ditata  fuerit,  et  augmontata,  tanto  vos,  et  \obis  inibi  successuri,  Deo  devotLs 
famulari,  laudabiliter  proficere  poteritis  in  Scientia  literarum ;  Egestatem  vestram 
et  inopiam,  Spiritus  Sancti,  ut  siieramus,  gratia  inspirati,  duxiiiius  relevandam. 
Peusantes  utiq'  jiium  esse  nodum  ]3omos  sou  Collegia  hujusmotli  constltuere 
et  fundare,  quin  potius  construeta  et  fundata  ad  Dei  Ilonorem,  et  Fundantium 
animarum  Salutcm,  jiia  Clementia  confn'erc  et  caritati\'is  sufFragiis  ampliare; 
Ecclesiam  igitur  de  llintoii,  JDioc  ct  Patronatus  uostri,  vobis  et  Collegio 
vestro,  ac  Domui  vestrse  prredictse,  pro  vestriB  ac  successorum  vestrorum  Sco- 
larium  in  eadem  residentium,  et  Scientiis  Theologia;  et  PhUosophia;  insistentium, 
ae  Ministrorum  vestrorum,  et  suorum  sustentationis  pra'sidio,  eajtcrorumquo 
omnium  dicta;  Domus  Supjjortatione,  immo  pro  Sustentatione  duorum  Presby- 
terorum,  nostrorum  et  Successorum  nostrorum  Episeoporura  Elyensium,  (quam 
citius  dictam  Eccliam  in  manum  vestram  devenu'e,  ot  pacifice  existere  contigerit,) 
Divina  in  Ecclia  B.  Petri  Cant,  dicta;  nostra  Dioc.  perpetuo  celebraturorum, 
Intuitu  caritatis  appropriamus,  annectimus  et  quantum  in  nobis  est,  dannis, 
concedimus,  applicamus,  et  assignamus  vobis  et  Scolaribus  in  dicta  Domo 
\obis  succedentibus,  post  primam  Vacationem  ejusdem  perpetuo  possidendam, 
Juribus  Episcopalibus  et  Aieliidiacoualibus  et  Eccli;e  nostra;  Elycusis  dignitate 
in  omnibus  semper  sahds.  Reservata  nobis  et  Successoribus  nostris  coUatione 
ad  Vicarium  Ecclia;  ejusdem,  sal\is  quoque  Vicariis  ejusdem  Yicaria;  Portioiiibus 
et  Proventibus,  ad  candem  vicariam  pertinentibus  ot  assiguatis.  In  cujus  Kei 
testimonium  Sigill.  nostrum  pra;sontibus  duximus  apponondum.  Dat.  apud 
Mauerium  nostrum  de  Hatfeld  Episeopi  8"  Cal.  Sept.  a.d.  1335  et  consccra- 
tiouis  nostra;  19'. — MSS.  Baker,  xxiviii.  147. 


Bishop  Ilotham  died  in  1337,  probably  before  the  Rectory 
had  become  vacant,  so  that  he  was  unable  to  carry  into  effect 
his  design :  at  any  rate,  whatever  tlie  reason  might  be,  certain 
it  is  the  College  did  not  obtain  possession  of  the  Rectory, 
either  on   this  first,    or   on  the  second    appropriation,   which 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


was  made  by  Simon  de  Langham,"  Bishop  of  Ely  from  1362 
to  1366:  though  we  find  from  Abp.  Parker's  Cambridge' 
that  Simon  Montacute,  Bishop  of  Ely  from  1337  to  1345, 
gave  them  the  Advowson,  and  in  the  Petition  of  the  College 
to  Bishop  Langham  for  the  Appropriation,  the  Church  is  said 
to  be  '  of  their  Patronage.'  We  find  from  the  Certificatorium 
factum  Thes.  et  Baron,  de  Scaccio,  Feb.  1,  1449,  that  "  Simon 
de  Langham  Dnus  Dnus  olim  Epus  Eliens.  mediante  licentia 
Edw.  D.  G.  olim  Regis  Anglise,  dedit,  et  annexavit,  appro- 
priavit,  et  incorporavit  in  perpetuum  Eccliam  de  Hinton, 
Mro  et  Scholaribus  Coll.  S.  Petri.  Ipsi  tamen  M'i  et  Scho- 
lares  vigore  appropriationis,  &c.  prsedictfe  possessionem  non 
fuerunt  adepti.'"  The  failure  of  this  plan  was  caused  by  the 
translation  of  Langham  to  Canterbury  before  the  vacancy  of 
the  Rectory,  which  was  "  given  by  his  successor,  John  Barnet, 
to  another,  so  that  the  union  took  not  effect."^  Barnet,  how- 
ever, does  not  appear  to  ha^'e  gained  anything  by  thus  setting 
aside  his  predecessor's  acts ;  for  we  learn  from  the  Ely  Books, 
that  Rob.  de  Braybroke,  by  ^drtue  of  the  Pope's  proviso, 
ejected  Stephen  Randolf,  Barnet's  nominee,  and  extorted  the 
Rectory  from  the  Fellows  of  Peter-House,°  who  however  ob- 
tained it  permanently  from  Bishop  Fordham,  March  20,  1395.' 
The  deed  of  appropriation  is  curious,  and  may  be  found  in 
Baker's  MSS.  xxxi.  232,  Cole,  xxiv.  254.'  The  College,  as 
before,  plead  extreme  and  '  notorious'  poverty,  and  set  forth 
that '  Bishop  Balsham's  Foundation  had  not  as  yet  been  properly 


'  Bak.  xxxi.  232.     Cole,  xxiv.  254.     Vet.  Reg.  Coll.  S.  Pet.  p.  C7.     Bentham's  Ely,   159. 

'  History  of  Cambridge,  p.  9,  Beutham's  Ely,  p.  159. 

'  Bak.  xxviii.  5G. 

'  Godwin  de  Pr^sul.  Anglican.   265.     Cole,  xxiv.  251. 

»  MSS.  Bowtell,  Paroch.  Antiq.  p.  32. 

'  Vet.  Reg.  Coll.  S.  Pet.  pp.  67—77. 

'  Godwin  de  Preesul.  Anglican,  p.  265;  "  Simon  de  Langham  Rectoriam  de  Hinton  appro- 
priavit  Coll.  S.  Pet.  cassavit  Joannes  Barnet,  redintegravit  vevo  Joannes  Fordliam."  The 
deed  is  dated  from  the  Bishop's  IManor  of  Soraersham,  in  Lincoln  Diocese,  so  that  Langham 
was  obliged  to  obtain  a  license  from  that  Bishop  to  appropriate  the  church. —  Vel.  Reg.  Coll. 
S.  Pet.  p.  70.  The  confirmation  of  the  appropriation  by  Archbishop  Arundel  and  Pope  Gre- 
gory n.   are  to  be  found  in  the  same  volume,  pp.  73,  71. 


S.  ANDREW,  ClIEHHY-IIINTON. 


endowed,  nor  furnished  with  tlu^  offices  and  buildings  neces- 
sary for  it ;  neither  were  the  revenues  sufficient  for  the  support 
of  a  Master  and  fourteen  Schohirs.'  "Wherefore  they  had  jnayed 
the  Bishop  to  appropriate  the  church  of  '  Hynton, '  of  tlieir 
patronage,  to  them,  whose  rents,  the  Vicar's  portion,  and 
other  burdens  deducted,  did  not  exceed  the  annual  profit  of 
£30.  sterling,  according  to  the  taxation  of  tithes.  Where- 
upon the  Bishop,  considering  that  it  had  been  the  design  of 
Bishop  Simon  Langham,  in  his  time,  to  unite  it  to  them,  and 
did  so,  yet  the  College  had  not  got  possession  (it  being  then 
in  the  patronage  of  the  See  of  Ely),  because  his  immediate 
successor,  John  Barnet,  on  the  death  of  the  Eector,  gave  it 
to  another,  by  which  means  the  miion  took  not  effect.  Also 
considering  that  few  Avorks  of  piety  could  be  more  pleasing 
to  God  than  contributing  to  the  support  of  poor  scholars, 
giving  themsehes  to  the  study  of  liberal  arts,  who  might 
hereafter  be  able  to  stand  forth  manfully,  as  a  firm  bidwark 
in  defence  of  the  orthodox  faith,  then  attacked  by  cUverse 
perverse  and  sacrilegious  doctrines,  (probably  in  allusion  to 
the  tenets  of  the  Lollards  and  of  Wickliffe,  which  were  now 
beginning  to  make  their  way  in  England,)  the  Bishop 
mth  consent  of  the  Chapter  of  Ely,  and  after  an  exact  ex- 
amination by  faithful  persons,  finding  the  allegations  of  the 
College  to  be  true,  and  that  it  was  necessary  learned  men 
should  be  planted  in  the  Church,  he  pronounces  with  the 
license  of  King  Richard  II.  and  the  consent  of  the  Prior  and 
Chiu-ch  of  Ely,  the  Church  of  Hynton  appropriate  to  the 
College  of  S.  Peter  ...  on  the  decease  or  demission  of  the 
present  Rector  thereof:  with  a  competent  portion  to  the 
Vicar  excepted,  the  College  being  to  pay  as  an  indemni- 
fication to  the  Bishops  of  Ely  an  annual  pension  of  6s.  8d. 
on  S.  Michael's  day,  in  the  Palace  of  Ely.  Given  at  Somer- 
sham,  20  Mar.  1395. 

After  this  the  College  entered  upon  undisturbed  possession 
of  the  Rectory,  and  in    1403,  we  find    '  a  certificatory  from 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


the  Masters  and  Scholars  of  S.  Peter's,  that  they  had  only  one 
benefice   with    cure  of  souls,    viz.   the    Vicarage    of  Hynton, 
at  the  value  of  10  pounds.'^ 
„,  ,    „   .  .  About  this  time  the  following   document   ap- 

Status  Kectoriae.  ~  i 

pears  to  have  been  drawn  up,  which  we  find  in 
the  Vet.  Reg.  of  Peter-House,*  p.  88,  giving  us  an  interesting 
statistical  account  of  the  Rectory  in  very  early  times : 

"  MS   qd   Rector   de   Hynton   debet    habere    Taurum  et  Verrem  et  oves 

sine  numero. 
Itm  in  redditibs  Teueelum  annuatim.     xiiij*.  ij(7. 

Itm  habet  Sectam  ad  Curiam  Tcneclum  suoru  diiobus  Terapibus  an  Lete. 
It  Gleba  Ecclle  ij  acr. 
It  Gleba  Rectorie  ex  acr. 
It  Molendinu  aquaticum  jam  dcstructum. 
It  in  prato.     ij  acr. 

It  potest  habere  Querruria^  et  \ia,'  sine  Pr»judicio  aHcujus. 
It  xij  Capon,  et  iv  Gallin.  a  Tenentibs. 
It  Tenent  falcabunt  Pratu  Rectoris  et  per  certos  dies  mundabunt  Bladum,* 

et  in  autupno  metent  sen  secabunt. 

Onera  dicte  Rectorie. 
Imp'mis  in  ij  lampad  in  Clioro  ijs.  per  annu. 

Ttm  Stramen  de  Frumonto  ij  Vicibus,  sc.  in  Natali  et  in  Pascha. 
Itm  in  Procuracoibus   Arcliidiaconi.     xijcZ. 
Sinodalia  solvit  Vicarius  non  Rector  ibid'. 
M**  eciam  q'  qu  Arcliidiaconus  et  ejus  Official,  visitat  apud  Hynton  solet 

ibi  pndere*  suptibus  Vicarii  ct  non  CoUegii. 
De    Decimis    terrar'    ptinentibs    dew   Ecclio3    de  Hynton,    et   existent'    in 

Parocliia  de  Tcversham  pt  eccia'  in  dcis  Rcntalibus." 

.   , ,  The  following  inventory  of  Church  furniture 

Archdeacon  s  '^  •' 

^°°^-        is  taken  from  a  MS.  volume   in  the   Library  of 


'  Cole,  ix.  200.  '  See  aUo  Cole,  .\ii.  153. 

'  A  quarry,  and  a  road  to  it.  °  Wheat,  le  bled. 

'  Straw,  and  more  frequently  rushes,  were  used  to  strew  on  the  pavement  of  the  church, 
particularly  at  the  great  Festivals,  or  other  solemn  occasions :  in  the  accounts  of  S.  Margaret's, 
Westminster,  we  find  1544?,  Paid  for  rushes  against  the  Dedicacion  day  0,  1,  5.  Mats,  however, 
were  in  use  at  the  same  time  ;  for  instance,  ib.  153S,  Item,  paid  for  matts  for  the  parishioners  to 
kneel  upon  ivheJt  they  reverenced  their  Maker — price  ..0,4,  4. 

'  Prandere.  At  the  Visitations  of  the  Bishop,  or  Archdeacon,  a  dinner  was  always 
expected  from  the  Incumbent,  or  the  parish. —  Walberswick  Accounts.  "  J4S0,  llic  Suffragan 
his  dinner  cost  0,  1,  d.  1483,  his  dinner  0,  8,  6.  1488,  tlw  Archdeacon's  dinner  and  wine, 
0,  3,  4." 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY-IIINTON. 


Caius  College,'  comprising  various  particulars,  compiled 
for  the  use  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely :  at  its  commence- 
ment is  written,  "  Iste  Liber  pertinet  ad  xVrchidiaconum 
Elienscm,  cum  magno  gaudio,  ct  honore,"  The  document  in 
question  is  considered  by  Blomfield'  to  be  of  tlie  date  1276, 
during  Bishop  Balsham's  Episcopate :  the  additions  in  another 
hand,  are  not  later  than  1349:  it  is  by  no  means  easy  to 
decipher,  and  indeed  in   several  places  is  quite   illegible. 

Ecclia  de  Hinton.  No  app'ata.  est  ibi  Viear'  et  Rector,  et  taxatur  ad 
XXX  marc',  et  solvit  p"  synod,  ijs.  iiijrZ.  p.  den.  beati  Petri  \s.,  p.  jirocur' 
xviiij.  et  st  eius  ornaran'ta  Iirec.  Duo  missal,  bona,  i  legend,  i  duolnis  voluibus 
iij  antipli'  cu  psalt'ris,  et  aliiid  antiph'  votus,  iij  gradal'  cum  trop'iis,'  et 
ij  t'p'ia  per  so,  i  manual',  i  martilog'  et  i  ordinall',  vj  p'ia*  vcstimontoi'um 
no\a,  cu  ptineneiis,  ij  ferialia  vestimenta,  tros  cappe  cliori  et  ij  pallo.''  i  ft'oiital', 
tunica  et  dalmatiea,  iij  cruces  enee,  vj  pliiole,  et  ij  phiole  vitree,  ij  Turibula 
cum  Lanterna,  et  patella  ad  ignem.  iiij  calicos,  pix  enea,  viij  vexilla,  fons 
cum  s'ur',  velum  templi.  c'smator'  [bonum  cu  s'ur']  (there  is  a  line  throur/h 
these  last  words,  and  added  in  a  later  hand,  "  debile,  doficiunt  candelabra") 
una  Casida,"  tunica  dahnatica.  iij.  tuale'  unum  cum  pne'  ex  done  Magri  Johls 
Yaleby,  amielie  et  p'a  amio',  et  duo  suppell,  unum  pannu  de  auro  ex  dono 
eiusdem." 

,       ,    ,  The  followino-  is  the  most  accurate  list  of  the 

IncumbeDts.  ~ 

Rectors  and  Vicars  that  we  have  been  able  to 
compile.  "\^"e  are  principally  indebted  for  it  to  the  investi- 
gations of  Cole ;  though  we  have,  in  several  instances,  corrected 
his  list,  by  reference  to  the  Registers  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely, 
as  well  as  those  of  S.  Peter's  College. 

»  MSS.  Caius,  204,  p.  62  ;  copied  also  Baker,  iii.  .513. 

'  Libsr  Transcriptorum  EHens.  Vol.  I.  MSS.  Goiigli.  Bibl.  Bodleian.  '  pro. 

^  troperiis,  "  Troperium,  i.q.  troponarius,  Liber  continens  t/oottoi/s,  id  est  cantus  qui 
cum  introitu  Missae  dicuntur,  praesertim  a  Monacbis." — Ducange.  Lyndewood  calls  it  tiher 
sequenliarum,  sequentia  and  tropus  being  apparently  synonymous.  *  paria. 

*  "  Palla;  vestis   qua  altare   cooperitur,   videlicet   Uncus  pani]us   consccratus   qui   super 
altare  ponitur,  super  queni  extenditur  corporale." — Duca»ge. 

*  A  chasuble.  ■   A  towel  or  napkin. 


10  CHUKCHES   IN    CAMBRIDGESHIKE. 


Ulettore  antr  Fftars. 

Wil.  Ffool,  Viear ^275 

Joh.  Malebiaimche,   Reet.          .          .          ,  1296 

^Ric.  de  Novo  Castro            ....  1315 

Joh.  de  Besford 1328 

Will,  de  Lymburgli               ....  1341 
E.  OUjngton?            ..... 

Will.  Ffi-auneeys 1342 

Stephen  Baret 1346 

Thos.  Loring,  Rect.             ....  1346 

Rob.  de  Grimestone,  or  Gornestone,  Reet.  res.  1351 

Joh.  atte  Church  de  Teversham          .          .  1352 

'Stephen  Randolph,  Rect.             .         .         .  1376 

-Rob.  Braybroke,  Rect.             .         .         .  1376 

Joh.  Cokkowe,  Vie.              ....  1377 

Joh.  Taddelowe,  Vic 1378 

'Reginald  Braybroke,  Reet.          .         .         .  137t> 

Fitnvs. 

Will.  Fraunceys  de  Eynesbury  .         .  1382 

Joh.  Deraelove  .....  1401 

^Thos.  Gerard 

Will.  Baker 142C 

^Joh.  Holbrook 1436 

Robert  Scheppard        .....  1451 

Thos.  Sheryve,  ob.  ....  1461 

Joh.  Fynn 1464 

William  Skelton,  res.        ....  1518 

^Thomas  Pernabie 1533 

'  About  this  time  we  find  tliere  was  a  Chapel  at  Hinton  dedicated  to  All  Saints  of  which 
Walter  de  Hinton  was  Chaplain,  and  to  it  belonged  6  acres  of  laud. — Rot.  Hundred,  8".  Ed.  I. 

'■>  Collated  by  the  Bishop  of  Ely.     Baker,  xxviii.  202. 

^  He  was  presented  to  the  Rectory  by  Bp.  Barnet,  (who  thus,  as  before  noticed,  frustrated 
its  appropriation  to  Peter-House,  made  by  his  predecessor,)  but  was  excluded  by  Rob.  Bray- 
brook,  who  had  a  Provision  from  the  Pope Cole,  ix.   141. 

'  He  was  probably  presented  before  this  time:  in  this  year  we  find,  from  the  Bishop's 
Registers,  that  he  was  excommunicated  and  sequestered  for  non-appearance  before  the  Pope's 
Nuncio,  and  the  non-payment  of  his  dues. 

'  He  was  Rector  of  Girton;  which  living  he  exchanged  with  his  brother  Robert  for  Cherry- 
Hinton  :  he  was  the  last  Rector,  and  held  the  living  after  the  appropriation  to  Peter- House 
until  1401. 

*  He  exchanged  this  living  with  W.  Baker,  1426,  for  a  stall  in  the  collegiate  church  of 
Irtlingburgb,  Northamptonshire. — Vet.  Reg.  p.  78. 

'  See  Blomf.  Collect,  p.  217. 

'  In  the  Vet.  Reg.  of  Peter-House,  p.  144,  is  a  copy  of  his  institution,  wherein  he  is 
expressly  charged  not  to  favour  Lutheran,  or  other  heresies,  *'  per  ecclesiam  dampnatas." 
About  this  time  13s.  id.  is  paid  as  fee  to  the  Scribe  on  institution.     MSS.  Caius  170,  p.  53. 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY-IIINTON. 


11 


>7ttar8  — Continued. 


Reginald  'Wliitfield           .... 

1573 

Rifhard  Poarne             .... 

1573 

Richard  Romuiiugtoii        .... 

1.577 

James  Scrubie               .... 

1580 

James  Strawley        ..... 

''Thos.  Moignc,  res.     .          .          .          .       1 

joforo  1595 

^Roger  Dereham               .... 

1604 

Thomas  Love                .... 

1617 

George  Bankes,  res.         .... 

1629 

Will.  Norwich,  res.      .... 

1638 

^Isaac  Barrow,  res.           .... 

1641 

Bernard  Skelton,  res. 

1660 

'John  Spurling         ..... 

1663 

Richard  Cooke,  or  Cookead 

1666 

Samuel  Holcombe             .... 

1690 

Christopher  Wardall 

1691 

Godfrey  Washington         .... 

1699 

Dan.  Walter  Dupaisy 

1705 

Christopher  Wardcll         .          .          . 

1712 

Christopher  Clai-kson 

1730 

Andrew  Perne          ..... 

1734 

Peter  Nourso       ..... 

1739 

Edward  Osborne               .... 

1749 

William  OkUiam           .... 

1754 

W.  Serocold             ..... 

1758 

George  Borlase             .... 

1789 

Theophilus  Brown             .... 

1793 

John  Holme                  .... 

1808 

Bewick  Bridge         ..... 

1816 

G.  B.  Paley 

1833 

W.  Potter                

1835 

W.  Hodgson                .... 

1836 

^W.  Nind 

1838 

'  Mr  Moigne  became  Bisliop  of  Kilmore  in  1612. 

»  In  the  Vet.  Reg.  of  Peter-House,  p.  449,  we  find  a  letter  from  Bishop  Martin  Hetor, 
this  year,  signifying  that  the  Vicarage  was  vacant. 

0  Ejected  4.  Jan.  13,  1643-4. 

'  Hart  MSS.  4115,  p.  12.  A  fine,  "  Resignacois  schedula  Ecclie  de  Hynton  a  Jnhannc 
Spurling,  a.d.  1666,  coram  notario  publico." 

'  We  cannot  here  omit  to  mention  the  great  courtesy,  with  which  the  members  of  our 
Society  have  uniformly  been  treated  by  the  present  Incumbent,  when  visiting  his  church  j  and 
we  must  ourselves  beg  to  thank  him,  as  well  as  the  Rev.  H.  W.  Cookson,  of  Peter- House,  for 
their  kindness  in  permitting  us  to  examine  the  records  in  their  possession,  for  the  present 
publication. 


]2 


CHURCHES    IN    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


In  the  foregoing  list  we  must  mention,  as  more  especially 
deserving  notice,  Eobert  Braybrooke,  who,  as  Godwin  tells 
us,'  Sept.  9,  1381,  was  promoted  to  the  See  of  London  by 
virtue  of  the  Bull  of  Pope  Urban  IX.;  he  was  consecrated 
Jan.  5,  and  "made  Lord  Chancellor  in  1382,  but  held  not 
that  office  past  halfe  a  yeere.  The  yeere  1387  it  seemeth  there 
fell  some  disagreement  betweene  him  and  lo.  of  Gaunt.  For 
Th.  of  Walsingham  and  other  report,  that  the  Londoners  were 
so  greatly  exasperated  against  him  for  some  foule  worde  given 
to  their  Bishoppe,  as  they  sought  with  great  tumult  to  kill 
him,  and  had  burned  his  house  at  the  Savoy  if  the  Bishoppe 
himselfe  had  not  appeased  their  fury."  He  died  in  1409,  and 
was  buried  in  the  middle  of  the  Ladye  Chapel  at  S.  Paul's, 
whei'e  a  magnificent  Brass  was  laid  down  to  his  memory, 
representing  him  clothed  in  his  pontificals,  with  his  pastoral 
stafi"  in  his  hand,  under  a  rich  triple  canopy.  An  engraving 
of  this  Brass,  by  Hollar,  is  in  Dugdale's  S.  Paul's,  as  well  as 
the  following  legend  : 

®rate  pro  afa  HI.  be  aSiaabrofee  ftuonUam  Spistopi  btt'us  lEcdcst'c, 
tujus  corpus  W  tumulaUir,  qui  obi't't  bt'ccsimo  stpifmo  tiie  illcnsis 
^ugwstt  anno  grait'c  millcsiiuo  ctuntirtngcnttsimo  quarto  tujus  ate  et 
omnium  fiUclium  tiefunctorum  ppit'etur  i^tus.     Emtn.  SUmen. 

In  1554,  while  Mr.  Pernabie  was  Vicar,  we  find  from  Fox,* 
that  "  on  the  28th  day  of  November  the  Archdeacon's  official 
visited  in  Hynton,  where  he  gave  in  charge  to  present  all  such 
as  did  disturb  the  Queen's  proceedings,  in  letting  the  Latine 
service,  the  setting  up  of  their  altars,  and  saying  of  masse,  or 
any  part  thereof:  whereby  it  was  easie  to  see  how  these  good 
fellowes  meant  to  proceed,  having  the  law  once  on  their  side, 
that  thus  readily  against  a  manifest  law,  would  attempt  the 
punishment  of  any  man." 

In  1595,'  Mr.  Moigne,  the  Vicar,  was  rated  "  to  find  (jointly 


'  Godwin's  Succession  of  English  Bishops,   i.  199. 
*  Acts  and  Monuments,  iii.  98. 


'  Cole,  ix. 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY-HINTON.  13 

with  the  Curate  of  Great  S.  Mary's)  one  pike  furnished."  And 
again,  in  1609,  Mr.  Dereham  is  rated  "for  his  vicarage,  to  find 
(jointly  \\ith  the  Vicar  of  Impington  and  Caldecote)  a  pair  of 
Curols,  with  a  pike  furnished." 

In  1(544:,  the  Earl  of  Manchester,  (who,  it  is  not  uninstruc- 
tive  to  learn,  was  liimself,  in  1651,  ejected  from  the  Chan- 
cellorship of  the  University  for  not  sigiaing  the  Engagement,") 
amongst  many  others,  ejected  Isaac  Barrow,  Fellow  of  Peter- 
House,  and  Vicar  of  Hinton,  and  uncle  to  the  more  celebrated 
]\Iaster  of  Trinity :  "  upon  which,"  says  AValker,'  "  he  retired 
to  Oxford,  and  was  made  Chaplain  to  New  College ;  but  on 
the  surrender  of  the  garrison  he  ^vas  forced  to  shift  from  place 
to  place,  and  suffered  with  the  rest  of  the  Orthodox  Clergy, 
till  the  most  blessed  Restoration  of  King  Charles  II."  Innne- 
diately  after  this  he  was  restored  to  his  Fellowship,  and  also 
elected  Fellow  of  Eton,  and  was,  in  1660,  jiresented  by  Bishop 
^^'ren,  to  the  Rectory  of  Downham,  in  the  Isle  of  Ely. 
In  166"2  he  resigned  his  Fellowship,**  and  July  the  5th,  1663, 
was  consecrated  Bishop  of  ]\Ian  in  Henry  the  Seventh's  Chapel 
at  Westminster,  (when  his  nephew.  Dr.  Isaac  Barrow,  preached 
the  consecration  sermon,)  holding  his  Fellowship  of  Eton 
in  commendam  with  that  Bishoprick.  In  1661  he  was  made 
Governor  of  the  Island,  by  the  Earl  of  Derby,  "Avhich  office 
he  exercised  piously  and  prudently."  "  He  was  a  great  bene- 
factor, especially  to  the  Clergy  of  INIan,  and  did  collect,"  says 
Wood,  "  by  his  great  care  and  pains,  £1081  8s.  M.,  with 
which  he  bought  all  the  Impropriations  from  the  Earl  of 
Derby,  and  settled  them  on  the  Clergy,  as  every  one  had 
need."  He  also,  besides  many  other  good  works,  established 
schools  in  the  parishes  throughout  the  Island,  and  fomidcd 
scholarships  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  "  that  in  time  there 
might   be   a  more   learned   Clergy.'"     In   1669,    March  21st, 

'■  Baker,  xxv.  19.5. 

'  Walker's  Sufleiings,  p.  152.     Wood's  Athcn.  Oxon.  ii.   I  Ml). 

'  Carter's  Hist,  of  Univ.  of  Cambridge,  p.  47. 

"  Iji"grin>li.   Britaii.      \^"uocl's   Atiieii.  Oxoii.    v.  ii.  p       IM.     '*  I'o  whose  industry,"    says 


U  CHURCHES  IN  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


he  was  translated  to  S.  Asaph,'  to  which  diocese  he  was  no 
inconsiderable  benefactor ;  repairing  and  releading  the  Cathedral 
church,  for  the  maintenance  of  the  fabrick  and  Choir,  of  which 
he  appropriated  several  rectories.  He  also  laid  out  a  con- 
siderable sum  on  the  Episcopal  Palace,  and  in  1678  built  an 
Alms-house  for  eight  poor  widows,  and  endowed  it  with  £12 
a  year  for  ever.  His  design  for  erecting  a  Free  School, 
thougli  interrupted  by  his  death,  was  carried  out  by  his  suc- 
cessor. Bishop  Lloyd,  who,  in  1687,  obtained  from  Barrow's 
executors  £200  for  this  purpose.  "  This  most  worthy  Prelate," 
says  Wood,  "  died  at  Shrewsbury,  about  noon,  on  Midsummer- 
day  1680,  and  on  the  1st  of  July  his  Corps  was  decently 
inter'd  by  Dr.  Nich.  Stratford,  Dean  of  S.  Asaph,  on  the  South 
side  of  the  West  Door  of  the  Cathedral.  Over  his  Grave  was 
laid  a  large  flag-stone,  and  another  over  that  supported  on 
Pedestals.  On  the  lower  Stone  is  the  following  Inscription, 
engraven  on  a  Brass  Plate,  which  was  composed  by  the  Bishop 
himself. 

Exuvife  Isaaei  Asaphensis  Episcopi,  iu  maimui  Douiini  depositje,  in  spem 
loeta;  resurrectionis,  per  sola  Christi  merita.  O  vos  transeuntes  in  Domum 
Domiui,  Domum  Orationis,  orate  pro  Conserve  vestro,  ut  inveniat  Miseri- 
cordiam  in  die  Domini. 

"  As  soon  as  this  epitaph  was  put  up,"  continues  Wood, 
"  the  contents  thereof  flew  about  the  nation  by  the  endeavours 
of  the  godly  faction,  (then  plump'd  up  with  hopes  to  carry 
on  their  diaboUcal  designs,  upon  account  of  the  Popish  Plot, 
then  in  examination  and  prosecution,)  to  make  the  world  believe 
that  the  said  Bishop  died  a  Papist,  and  that  the  rest  of  the 
Bishops  were  Papists  also,  or  at  least  Popishly  affected;  and 
especially  for  this  reason,  that  they  adhered  to  his  Majesty, 
and  took  part  with  him  at  that  time  against  the  said  Faction, 
who  endeavoured  to  bring  the  nation  into  confusion  by  their 

Sacheverell,  History  of  Man,  p.  118,    "  is  owing  all  that  little  Learning  amongst  us  ;  and  to 
whose  Prudence  and  Charity  the  poor  Clergy  owe  the  Bread  they  eat." 

'  Godwin  de  Pra-sulibus,  p.  C44.     Regist.  Sheld.  f.  54'.     Wood's  Allienae,  v.  ii.  p.  1151. 


S.  ANDREW,  CIIERllY-HINTON.  lo 


usual  trade  of  lying-  and  slandering,  Avliich  they  ha^'c  always 
hitherto  done  to  carry  on  their  ends ;  such  is  the  religion  of 
tlie  Saints.  But  so  it  is:  let  them  say  what  they  wdll,  that 
the  said  Bishop  -n-as  a  virtuous,  generous,  and  godly  man,  and 
a  true  sou  of  the  Church  of  Eii(jJ(in(l."- 

In  1676,  the  following  entry  occurs,'  "  The  Inhabitants  40. 
No  Recusants.  1  Dissenter:"  and  in  1685  there  were  "about 
250  Communicants."  Dissent  does  not  appear  to  have  thriven 
at  Hinton,  for  on  Bishop  Greene's  Visitation  in  1728,  we  find 
this  entry,  "  Cherry-Hinton  £22.  Peter-House  Patron.  Mr. 
Geo.  Birkett  Curate,  not  resident.  Families  71.  Souls  290. 
Five  Dissenters."  The  population  at  the  census  of  1831  was 
574  souls,  the  parish  containing  about  2043  acres. 

The  Parish  Register  dates  back  as  far  as  1538, 

Registers.  .  ,  •    i      /-. 

the  year  m  which  Cromwell,  then  "^^icar-general, 
issued  his  injunction  with  regard  to  them  :  it  is  not  however  to 
be  inferred  that  the  existing  volume  is  of  that  date ;  for  in  the 
last  of  the  Constitutions  of  the  Synod  of  the  Province  of  Can- 
terbury, held  in  1597,'  it  Avas  ordained  that  the  parish  books, 
most  of  which  had  before  that  time  been  kept  on  paper, 
"  libris  chartaceis"  should  be  transcribed  on  parchment,  and 
so  kept  for  the  future ;  each  page  of  the  transcript  being 
signed  by  the  Minister  and  Churchwardens,  '^ gardiani"  of  tlic 
chuixh.'  And  so  it  is  in  the  present  case,  every  page  up  to 
the  year  1604  being  signed  by  Mr.  Moigne,  Vicar,  and  his 
Churchwardens ;  which  fact  has  so  far  decei^^d  some  wise  man 
of  the  parish,  as  to  induce  him,  in  1720,  to  make  an  entry 
in  the  book  to  the  effect,  that  by  calculation  he  had  disco\ered 
that  Mr.  Moigne  had  been  sixty-six  years  Minister  of  the  parish, 
and   had  had   the  same  Churchwardens  for  fifty-nine   years; 

'  Ibid.  Biograpli.  Britan.  '  Cole,  vol.  ix.  p.  7. 

*  Cardwell's  Synodalia,  i.  IfiO. 

'  Anotlier  instance  of  tliis  may  be  found  at  Bisliopsbourno  churcli,  Kent,  the  scene  of  the 
ministrations  of  Richaud  Uooker,  where  his  signature  first  occurs  to  tlie  register  of  1566, 
though  he  was  not  presented  till  1595;  a  circumstance  which  has  caused  some  perplexity  to 
those  who  have  examined  the  books  with  reference  to  Hooker's  history. 


16  CHURCHES    IN    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

whereas,  unfortunately,  the  Vicar  in  question  was  not  so  many 
years  old  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Transcripts  of  the  entries, 
which  possess  no  particular  interest,"  may  be  found  in  Cole, 
vol.  xliv. 

The  volume  bears  as  its  motto. 

Hie  puer  setatem,  hie  Vir  spousalia  noseat 
Hie  decessorum  funera  quisque  sciat. 

The  Parish  Accounts  do  not  extend  beyond  the  middle 
of  the  18th  century:  some  of  the  items  are  amusing: 

1766-7.  Covering  Pulpit-Cushion  0,  19,  0.  1783.  Making  up  a  new 
Cusliion  for  Pulpet,  Mr.  Scroeokl  found  velvet,  1,  2,  0.  1776.  To  Thomas 
Crick  for  pretending  to  correct  the  Sundial,  0,  1,  0. 

The  following  Terrier  of  Church  property  in 

Terrier.  •   i       • 

Hmton  parisli  is  preserved  among  the  documents 
relating  to  the  Diocese  of  Ely,  in  S.  Mary's  Church.  It  is 
dated  May  16,  1663. 

A   Terry  of  loliat  belongs  to  the   Vicarage. 

A  liouse  or  tenement  with  three  roodes  of  ground,  being  an  orchard,  abutting 
west  on  tlie  eomon  streete  and  cast  on  the  ground  of  the  parsonage. 

One  litell  close  eontainyng  3  roodes  of  ground  lying  east  of  the  coraon 
streete,  abutting  north  on  the  way  leading  to  Fulborne. 

One  piece  -of  ground  inclosed  coutainyng  halfe  an  akre  lying  south  in  the 
parsonage  ground,  abutting  against  the  place  called  MUe  End. 

°  Among  the  baptisms  we  find — 

Nov.  l.'i,   170.3.     Sarali  Langran,  a  Quaker. 

June  12,   1737.      Mary  Heard,  a  converted  Jew. 
We  also  find  a  list  of  confirmations  by  Bishop  Wren,  at  S.  Vigor's,  Fulbourne,  Sept.  17,  16.19, 
the  candidate.s  for  that  rite  being  presented  by  their  sponsors. 


'©®g&|«^j^f'l@@®©?^& 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY  IIINTON.  17 


We  have  already  seen  that  there  is  no  mention  of  any 
church  at  Hinton  at  the  time  of  the  Conciuest ;  the  earliest 
notice  of  it  being  about  the  middle  of  the  Kith  century,  when 
the  Advowson  was  purchased  by  Bishop  Hugh  de  Balsham. 
The  general  character  of  the  existing  edifice  is  Early-English, 
of  remarkably  pure  character  and  well  executed  detail :  it 
consists  of  a  Chancel  and  Nave  of  the  above  period,  Avith  north 
and  south  Aisles,  a  low  square  Tower  at  the  west  end,  a 
Sacristy  on  the  north,  and  a  Porch  on  the  south  side,  all 
of  late  Perpendicular  work. 

We  are  fortunate  enough  to  possess  two  detailed  archi- 
tectural descriptions  of  this  Church,  drawn  up  before  the  end 
of  the  last  century ;  one  by  Blomefield,  in  the  Gough  Collection 
in  the  Bodleian  Library,  the  other  by  Cole,  MSS.  ix.  p.  140. 
The  latter  is  not  quite  so  minute  as  Cole's  accounts  generally 
are,  for  which  he  apologizes  in  the  following  feeling  manner. 
"  Sep.  3,  1773.  Dining  at  Mr.  Serocold's,  I  walked  into  the 
Church,  but  had  no  time  then  to  take  the  few  Inscriptions 
in  it,  as  his  family  was  with  us,  or  part  of  it,  and  that  not 
being  convenient  for  such  purposes."  Again,  on  Rogation 
Sunday,  May  8,  1774,  he  tells  us  that  he  officiated  at  Hinton, 
and  tried  to  take  some  notes,  but  was  annoyed  by  "  Mr. 
Serocold's  four  daughters,  wlio  surrounded  him,  and  narrowly 
watched  his  every  motion."  Yet,  notwithstanding  all  these 
interruptions,  his  account  enters  into  sufficient  detail  to  shew 
us  how  much  this  Church,  in  common  with  most  of  our 
ecclesiastical  buildings,  has  sufiercd  during  the  last  seventy 
years.  The  loss  of  a  Clerestory,  two  Parcloses,  an  entire  set 
of  oaken  seats  with  poppy-heads,  besides  brasses,  painted  glass, 
and  other  subsidiary  features,  is  indeed  a  considerable  one, 
and,  in  the  present  day,  all  l)ut  irreparable;  and  of  all  these 
since  1774  has  this  Church  been  deprived;  would  that  we 
could  say  this  was  a  solitaiy  case. 


18  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

The  most  interesting  part  of  the  present  struc- 
ture is  the  Chancel,  which  (with  the  exception 
of  its  low  Debased  roof,  and  a  poor  Tudor  East  window  of 
five  lights,)  retains,  in  the  main,  its  original  features.  The 
arrangement  and  design  of  this  portion  of  the  Church  are 
singularly  chaste  and  beautiful,  and  are  generally  considered 
to  be  unsurpassed  by  any  building  of  the  same  style  in  the 
County.  It  consists  of  four  bays,  divided  by  bold  and  beau- 
tiful buttresses,  each  containing  two  lancets,  above  and  below 
which  a  string  is  carried  along  on  either  wall;  which  on 
the  south  side  is  brought  over  a  door-way,  richly  moulded  both 
■within  and  without,  and  having  on  the  outside  a  smgle  shaft 
in  either  jamb.  This  is  the  Priest's  door,  of  which  a  partial 
\iew  is  obtained  in  the  engraving.  Above  it  the  couplet 
lancets  are  shorter,  being,  as  it  Avere,  encroached  upon  by  the 
necessities  of  construction.  On  the  north  side  the  masonry 
is  much  mutilated  and  disarranged ;  tlie  buttresses  of  the  Nave 
as  well  as  of  the  Chancel  are  patched  vriih  brick;  and  altogether 
this  side  is  in  a  very  dilapidated  condition.  The  Sacristy  is  a 
poor  and  late  Tudor  structure,  at  the  north-eastern  part  of  the 
Chancel,  measuring  internally  twelve  feet  by  ten.  An  ugly 
brick  chimney  is  carried  up  on  the  outside  against  one  of  the 
buttresses.  The  interior  door-way  is  four-centered,  with  meagre 
discontinuous  moiddings.  Some  ingenuity,  however,  has  been 
displayed  by  the  architect  of  it,  in  rearranging  above  it  the 
string  and  shortened  shafts  of  the  arcade.  Below  the  step 
is  a  plain  and  very  ancient  stone  cofRn  laid  down  in  the 
pavement. 

The  Nave,  as  we  stated,  possesses  north  and 

Nave. 

south  Aisles,  each  of  which  has  six  Perpendicular 
windows  of  three  lights;  those  in  the  S.  Aisle  having  flatter 
arches,  and  slightly  diff"erent  tracery  from  those  on  the  opposite 
side.     The  buttresses   are  massive,  and  of  considerable   pro- 


S.  ANDREW,  CIIERllY-lIINTON. 


19 


jection :  they  appear  to  be  in  part  reconstructed  from  others 
of  earlier  date,  as  some  of  the  strings  and  weatherings  cor- 
respond closely  with  those  in  tlic  Chancel.  From  a  rude 
sketch'  of  Cole's  we  learn  that  tlie  Clerestory  contained  plain 
Tudor  windows  of  three  lights,  probably  of  the  same  date 
with  the  east  and  west  windows.  In  his  time  also  the  roof 
was  leaded ;  it  is  now  covered  with  tiles,  which  were  substi- 
tuted for  the  original  covering  in  1798,  the  lead  being  sold 
to  defray,  in  part,  the  expense  of  the  repairs. 

There  is  a  south  Porch  of  Tudor  character, 
very  poor  in  design  and  much  patched  with  brick. 
The  interior  door-^v■ay  is  finely  moulded,  and  once  had  jamb- 
shafts,  of  which  the  capitals  alone  remain.  There  is  also  a  good 
north  door-way  with  bold  continuous  roll-and-fiUet  moiddings. 


Porcli. 


::j^$^ 
^^^ 


N^"" 


3^ 


lF,.,l 


This  is  of  the  oiigmal  Early-English  work,  the  walls  of  both 
the  Aisles  below  the  windows  having  apparently  never  been 


'  There  is  also  a  poor  engraving  of  the  Church  in  its  present  stale   in  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  Ixx.  p.  ''>2I. 


20 


CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


Tower. 


disturbed.  This  is  proved  by  an  Early-English  string,  which 
is  carried  underneath  the  windows  internally,  and  rises  in  an 
elegant  stilted  hood  above  the  door-ways  both  on  the  nortli 
and  south  sides.  The  edge  of  the  arch  on  the  inside  of  the 
north  door-way  is  chamfered  as  far  as  the  impost  with  great 
nicety  and  characteristick  effect. 

The  Tower,  which  stands  at  the  west  end  of 
the  Nave,  is  a  very  poor  and  plain  composition  of 
late  date,  and  quite  devoid  of  ornament.  It  is  embattled,  has 
diagonal  buttresses  at  the  west  end,  and  is  divided  by  string- 
courses into  three  stages  ;  the  uppermost  of  which  has  square- 
headed  wndows,  of  two  lights,  on  each  face.  The  west  window 
is  Tudor,  of  three  lights.  At  the  south-western  corner  is  a 
newel-staircase,  which  encroaches  on  that  side  so  as  to  thrust 
this  window  somewhat  northward  in  respect  of  the  belfry-arch. 


chancel. 


The  internal  decorations  of  the  Chancel  espe- 
cially deserve  our  admiration :  a  rich  and  lofty 
arcade  of  thirteen  arches,  supported,  as  Cole  says,  "  Cathedral 
fashion  on  fair  small  pillars,  very  long  and  slender,"  extends 
along  the  north  and  south  walls.  The  shafts  are  banded  at 
about  mid-height,  and  the  arches  themselves  are  cinquefoiled 
and  deeply  moulded.  These  arcades  are  pierced  in  a  series  of 
couplet  lancets,  one  arch  between  each  couplet  being  left 
blank ;  but  on  the  north  side  all  the  lights  have  of  late  years 
been  blocked. 

The  Piscina  and  Sedilia  are  remarkably  elegant, 
Piscina  and      ^^^|.  ^  particular  description  is  not  needed,  as  the 

Sedilia.  '■  .  „     ,      . 

elevation  view  conveys  an  accurate  idea  of  their 
design  and  details.  They  are  in  a  mutilated  and  neglected 
condition,  the  green  damp  and  masses  of  whitewash  having 
permanently  injured  their  original  beauty:  indeed  Cole's  re- 
mark "  that  the  whole  Chancel  is  squalid  and  dirty,"  might 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY-IIINTON.  21 

no  long  time  since  have  been  with  too  great  justice  appUcd 
to  its  condition,  at  least  if  its  ancient  state  be  admitted  as 
the  standard  of  cleanliness,  order,  and  perfect  repair;  though 
some  improvement  has  lately  taken  place,  chiefly  in  conse- 
quence of  a  drain  having  been  carried  round  the  outside 
of  the  walls.  The  arrangements  of  the  Altar  are  wretchedly 
meagre  and  paltry,  with  a  tasteless  Reredos  in  the  revived 
Pagan  style,  erected  by  W.  Watson,  brother  to  the  Bishop 
of  S.  David's,  as  the  follo-odng  Epitaph  on  a  slab  in  front 
of  the  rails  testifies; 

HERE    LYETII    THE    BODY    OF 

MR.    WILLIAM    WATSON,    BORN 

AT    HULL    IN   THE    COUNTY    OF 

YORK.       IN    TESTIMONY    OF   HIS 

LOVE    TO    RELIGION   AND    THE 

DECENCY    OF    GOD's    WORSHIP 

HE    BEAUTIFIED    THIS    CHiVNCEL 

AND   ERECTED   THIS   ALTAR:    AND 

m    GRATITUDE    TO    THE    PLACE    OF 

HIS    NATI^aTY,    ENDOWED 

THE    HOSPITAL    THERE    BUILT    BY 

HIS    BROTHER   THOiLVS    LORD 

BISHOP    OF    SAINT    DAVID's. 

HE   DIED   DEC.    2.   A.D.    1721, 

AGED    84. 

On  the  same  slab  are  engraved  his  arms — on  a  chevron 
between  3  martlets,  3  crescents,  for  Watson. 

The  ancient  stalls,  Cole  tells  us,  had,  even  in  his  time, 
gone  to  decay  from  damp  and  neglect.  There  are  scarcely 
any  vestiges  of  them  at  present;  their  place  being  supplied 
by  some  deal  forms  for  school-chikken. 

The  Chancel  is  divided  from  tlie  Nave  by  a 

Chancel  Arch. 

lofty  arch,  of  three  channeled  or  fluted  orders, 
springing  from  clustered  piers.  The  croAvn  of  the  arch  has 
been  much  injured  by  an  ugly  square  mndow,  opened  just 
above  it,  for  what  possible  reason  it  is  very  difficult  to  con- 
ceive. Whatever  may  have  been  its  use  when  first  made, 
its  present  mischievous   effects    are   very   apparent;   for   the 


22 


CHURCHES  OF  CAMBEIDGESHIRE. 


arch  ha\dng  been  thereby  weakened,  and  a  settlement  of  the 
foundations  of  the  southern  pier  taken  place,  this  part  of  the 
Church  has  been  placed  in  no  small  peril,  as  is  evident  from 
a  considerable  thrust  outward  of  the  east  wall  of  the  south  Aisle. 
The  plan  of  the  piers  is  complex,  consistmg  of  five  beaded 
shafts,  between  each  of  which  a  smaller  nook-shaft  ascends, 
as  in  the  Nave  piers,  and  passing  through  the  astragal,  dies 
into  the  capital.  Thus  on  each  side  three  shafts  are  pre- 
sented to  view,  both  from  the  Chancel  and  the  Nave;  and 
from  the  latter,  where  they  group  continuously  with  the 
similar  members  of  the  northern  and  southern  responds,  a 
cluster  of  considerable  depth  and  beauty  is  produced. 

The  Pulpit,  which,  together  with  the  Reading- 
Puipit  and      ^^^g     -g  ^£  j^^g  Jacobean  work,  was  in    1829'  re- 

Reading-pue.     '- 

moved  from  its  former  position  against  the  second 
pier  of  the  north  side,  to  the  north-west  corner  of  the  Chancel- 
arch — probably  its  original,  certainly  its  most  appropriate,  place. 
The  Rood-screen  is  of  late  Perpendicular  cha- 

Rood-screen.  it-,  •  ■  r    ■       • 

racter,  and  nttle  merit;  a  portion  ot  it  is  repre- 
sented in  the  engraving. 


'  Parish  Accounts,  July  1S29.     "  Agreed  that  the  Pulpit  and  Desk  should  be  removed, 
and  two  Pews  erected  in  tlieir  place." 


S.  ANDREW,  CHERRY-IIINTON. 


23 


Nave. 


Tho  lower  panels,  as  late  as  1774/  were  curiously  painted 
witli  Our  Lady  of  Pity,  S.  Mary  Magdalene,  and  other  Saints, 
"  though  chiefly  decaying" :  they  are  now  quite  obliterated, 
as  the  -whole  screen  has  been  painted  oak  colour.  Bloinefiold' 
also  mentions  the  legends — ^Joljnnncs  ticclus,  Uirgo  illrtttc 
picinti's  tt — iiilan'a  ^alomcr,  jWan'n  illagtjalcue,  as  existing  when 
he  wrote. 

The  Nave  is  separated  from  the  Aisles  by 
rows  of  five  deeply  moulded  Early-English  arches, 
"  very  costly  finished,"  says  Cole,  "  but  not  in  so  high  a  taste  as 
the  Chancel-arches."  The  four  piers,  and  two  responds,  consist 
of  half  shafts,  having  elaborate  stilted  bases  on  square  plinths  : 
the  plan  and  mouldings  of  all  these  are  given  in  the  wood- 
cuts. The  form  of  the  arches  is  what 
is  technically  called  drop,  or  something- 
flatter  than  equilateral :  the  mouldings  of  the 
labels,  architraves,  and  bases,  are  of  rich  de- 
tail and  delicate  execution.  The  last,  as  might 
be  expected,  are  much  mutilated,  not  only 
from  damp  and  its  usual  concomitant,  the 
cankering  green  mould,  but  from  the  soft- 
ness of  the  material  (clunch),  and  the  havock 
made  on  them  by  encroaching  pues  or  the 
careless  occupants  of  contiguous  seats.  It  is 
not  very  often  that  we  find  in  a  country  church 
Nave  piers  and  arches  of  pure  Early-English 
work,  at  least  of  the  more  finished  descrip- 
tion ;  for  where  they  do  occur  of  this  date 
they  are  almost  invariably  ]ilain,  the  piers 
single  round  or  octagonal  columns,  and  the 
arches  having  simply  chamfered  edges.  The 
Nave  being,  for  the  most  part,  unencum- 
bered with  pues,  allows  these  fine  piers  to 
be  seen  in  their  full  proportions,    and  the 


'  Cole,  vol.  ix.i  Blomef.  Collect,  p.  2. 


*  MSS.  Collectanea,  p.  341,  Gough  Coll. 


24  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

effect  is  particularly  good.  The  roof,  which  was  erected  on 
the  fall  of  the  Clerestory  about  1792,  is  an  unsightly  structure, 
with  the  compartments  between  the  tie-beams  cieled  at  the 
collar  and  sides. 

The  Aisle  wmdows  are  of  late  Perpendicular 
character,  but,  as  we  have  said,  stand  in  all  pro- 
bability upon  the  basement  part  of  the  walls  of  the  original 
structure.  The  roof  of  the  north  Aisle  is  good,  of  plain 
slanting  timbers,  resting  on  embattled  corbels,  which  are 
supported  by  angels  bearing  shields,  emblazoned  with  the 
following  charges:  —  i.  The  Cross  of  S.  George,  ii.  Three 
Crowns,  for  the  Bishoprick  of  Ely.  iii.  A  Fess  between  two 
Chevrons;  probably  for  Sir  John  Lisle,  of  Wilbraham,  K.G. 
and  High  Sheriff  of  Cambridgeshire  in  1353.  iv.  A  Fess 
between  six  Annulets;  probably  for  William  Avenell,  who 
sat  in  the  Parliament  of  Edward  III.  in  1328,  or  John 
Avenell,  of  Gamlingay,  High  Sheriff  of  Cambridgeshire 
1377.  V.  Three  Escallops  within  a  bordiu-e  engrailed,  vi. 
Three  Pallets.  The  third  of  these  shields  occurs  also  on 
the  E-ood-screen  at  Barton  Church,  and  on  the  south  door 
at  Little  Wilbraham.  The  sixth  coat  is  probably  that  of 
S.  Peter's  College,  and  is  an  interesting  testimony  to  the 
antiquity  of  three  instead  of  four  pallets  in  that  shield,  the 
bearings  of  which  have  lately  been  contested.  The  roof  of 
the  south  Aisle  is  of  somewhat  plainer  character.  It  is 
much  to  be  regretted  that  the  west  end  of  the  north  Aisle 
is  blocked  off,  and  irreverently  used  as  a  dust-hole  and  rubbish 
depositary — an  idle  and  unseemly  custom,  very  common  in  the 
churches  in  the  neighbovu'hood  of  Cambridge.  The  Avestern 
part  of  the  Nave  also,  in  front  of  the  Belfry-arch,  is  encumbered 
by  a  pile  of  deal  boxes  for  the  use  of  the  singers,  the  entire 
removal  of  which,  so  destructive  of  the  symmetry  and  effect 
of  this  noble  Nave,  is  greatly  to  be  desired.  Vy'^e  must  not 
forget  to  mention  that  the  Aisles  have,  externally,  some  poor 
and  coarse  lion-head  gurgoyles,  and  the  mndow  labels  are  all 


S.  ANDREW,  CIIERRY-IIINTON.  25 


terminated  by  heads,  of  shallow  and  wretched  execution,  but 
very  singular  in  costume:  tlie  hair  is  long  and  flowing,  and 
over  the  brow  is  a  jewelled  circlet.  The  style  resembles 
tliat  of  Charles  I.  or  II.  more  than  any  other  that  we  are 
acquainted  with;  and  as  every  one  of  the  Perpendicular 
■windows  has  the  same,  (that  in  the  Tower  alone  excepted, 
which  presents  most  melancholy  contorted  visages),  precisely 
similar  in  form  and  feature,  we  should  conclude  that  all  the 
tweuty-four  heads  had  been  run  in  plaister  from  the  same 
mould,  had  we  not  serious  doubts  about  the  permanency  of 
that  material  for  so  long  a  period.  But  to  return  to  the 
interior,  (out  of  which  we  have  for  a  moment  stepped  to 
view  the  Aisle  -windows  from  without,)  the  Belfry- 

Belfry-arcli.  .  ■,  f  ■       ^  •  •  -j. 

arch  IS  worthy  oi  particular  attention,  since  it 
indisputably  proves  the  existence  of  a  church  on  this  spot 
before  the  erection  of  the  present  structure.  The  jambs  are 
clearly  of  semi-Norman  character,  though  the  arch  itself  is 
four-  centered,  of  the  date  of  the  Tower.  The  jambs  are 
square  and  massive,  having  shallow  abaci  at  the  impost, 
chamfered  on  the  under  edge,  with  a  nook-shaft  on  either 
side  of  the  eastern  face. 

The  Font,  the  basin  of  which  is  probably  coeval 

with  the  earliest  part  of  the  Church,  stands  to  the 
west  of  the  fiftli"  pier  of  the  Nave,  close  to  the  south  door  :  it  is 
circular  and  perfectly  devoid  of  ornament,  and  is  now  supported 
on  a  single  cyhndrical  shaft,  which  in  1811'  was  substituted  for 
the  Jive  on  which,  in  Cole's  time,  it  stood ;  on  the  west  side  is 
a  rude  and  much  mutilated  kneeling-stonc. 

The  Manorial  Chapels  at  the  eastern  extremities 

Chantries.  ■        /-     i  .ii  rr 

of  the  Aisles  were,  m  Cole's  day,  still  screened  off 
by  their  Parcloses ;  the  lower  panels  of  which  were  paintctl 


*  We  may  remark  once  for  all,  tliat  in  our  descriplions  we  always  reckon  from  the  east. 

'  In  the  Parish  Books  we  find — "Aug.  13,  1811.  Item,  a  Stone  Bcdestal  (sic)  to  support 
the  Font  at  the  Church,  3,  4,  6,  making  a  hole  through  do.  for  pipe  0,  5,  (i.  bringing  it  in 
a  cart,  0,  18,  3." 

E 


26 


CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


with    Saints   and   other  figures :     on   that  to   the  south    were 
portraitures  of  a  Man  and  Woman  in  prayer,  in  the  habit  of 
the   time   of  Henry  VI.,   with   an   inscription  running    partly 
round  the  Chapel — - 
Orate  pro  animab  3)o!)ts  ^fjrjplntof  (or  ^[jcnplcto)  rt  iWargarctc  fflliorig  t\w. 

Cole  also  describes  a  Piscina  as  ex- 
isting here ;  tliis  is  now  plaistered  up  : 
the  Parcloses  have  likewise  been  broken 
down,  and  huge  square  baized  pews 
erected  on  the  site  of  the  Chapels. 

There  are  also  several 

Seats. 

other  large  square  pews 
immediately  about  the  pulpit  and  the 
Chancel-arch ;  but  the  greater  part  of 
the  Church  is  fitted  with  plain  deal 
benches,  by  which  the  "  complete  oaken 
seats,"  mentioned  by  Cole,  have  been 
almost  entirely  supplanted.  A  few 
oaken  benches,  however,  with  singular 


mw'^wm 


S.   ANDREW,    CIIERRY-IIINTON.  27 

but  rudely  worked  poppy-heads,  still  remain  in  tli(>  north 
Aisle,  on  one  of  which  we  can  read  a  fragment  of  an  in- 
scription, 

— ca  i  trro. 

Blomefield  gives  us  the  following  devices  and  inscriptions 
as  existing,  in  his  day,  on  the  heads  of  the  seats :" — 

On  the  North  side  : 

1.    Slbt  iWarin  (Tuacin  plena. 

6.  Givacc  folluntl)  Gobcrnaunrr. 

8.  A  Sow-golder  blowing  liis  Horn.     CDr  ijou  6c  loo  in  2£lrlll)c  6c  luar. 

9.  A  Fool  in  a  hood  with  a  Pipe  and  Ball,     ilitjit  mg  ^Pypc   E  lucl  plag, 

anl)  tojit  mu  33al  jf  I  man. 
10.    A  Harpy.     iMancrjiS  mabjitlj  i*lan. 

On  the  South  side: 

3.    A  Man  playing  on  a  Reboek.     ?i?crtc  6c  (cciuc,  I)cvtc  6c  tvcfoc. 

7.  A  Man  bidding  his  Beads.     Ituj)!  gctj)n  (Soot),  gcujit  nt  ngcnn. 

10.  A  Pelican  in  her  Piety.     Sit  ct  ©fjristus  Dilcxit. 

11.  CFccc  SlnttHa  Somfnt  fiat  rntcfii  sccunOum  bcihum  tutim. 

On  the  Seats  of  the  South  side  : 

1.  33clcftabi  in  3omino. 

2.  A  Man  only.     IZTimor  iWorttS  conturtat  mc. 

3.  (Slovia  in  ctcclsis  I3eo. 

Of  all  these  not  one  is  to  be  found  at  the  present  day. 

In   the   centre    of  the   Nave  lies    the  ancient 

Altarslonc.  iii  i-i-r-z-i  i-i 

Altar-slab,  charged  with  its  live  Crosses,  which  are 
still  visible,  though  nearly  effaced  by  the  constant  tread  of  feet. 
Its  dimensions  are  6  ft.  3  in.  by  2  ft.  8  in.  It  is  greatly  to  be 
desired  that  this  consecrated  stone  might  at  least  be  rescued 
from  the  profanation  to  which  it  is  now  necessarily  subjected, 
from  its  exposed  and  unprotected  situation.  For  we  should 
consider  that  this  very  slab,  on  Avliich  we  so  lightly  and  care- 
lessly tread,  has  been  by  a  most  solemn  ser\ice  dedicated  to 
God  ;  indeed  few  relicks  of  antiquity  possess  deeper  claims  to 

"  Colleclan.  Caiilab.  p.  2.      Liber  Traiiscrii)(oiimi    I'.lieus.  pp.  311,  SIS. 


28 


CHURCHES   OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


veneration  than  the   displaced   Altar-tables   of  the   mediseval 

Church.    The  existence  of  these,  though  generally  unsuspected, 

is  probably  by  no  means  uncommon,  especially  in  the  more 

retired  village  churches.     We  believe  that  until  some  examples 

were  discovered  by  the  researches  of  the  Cambridge  Camden 

Society,  none  were  certainly  known  to  have  escaped  the  frenzy 

of  Puritanick  profaneness.    A  list  of  not  fewer  than  thirty  entire 

and  midoubted  specimens  is  given  in  the  fourth  edition  of  the 

"  Plints  on  Ecclesiastical  Antiquities,"  and  more  are  being  almost 

daily  discovered.     Particular  search,  however,  and  a  knowledge 

of  the  places  where  they  are  most  hkely  to  be  found,  namely,  as 

in  the  present  instance,  either  m  the  middle  of  the  Nave,  or  by 

a  door-way,  where  all  would  be  compelled  to  tread  upon  them, 

are  necessary.      Frequently  the  Crosses  are  so  nearly  effaced, 

that  only  one,  or  even  a  part  of  one,  exists.     At  the  east  end 

of  the  north  Aisle  of  Coton  church  is  an  Altar-slab  with  only 

the  central  Cross  remaining ;  in  the  Nave  of  Impington  slight 

traces  of  one  exist  on  a  large  oblong  stone  in  the  Nave:   at 

Little  Horkesley,  Essex,  there  are  two,  one  of  which  has  been 

converted  into  a  slab  for  a  Brass :  at  Lydd,  Kent,  a  very  perfect 

one  is  laid  down  in  the  Nave :   at  Jorvaulx  Abbey,  Yorkshire, 

the  Altar  remains  entire,  ha\ing  never  been  taken  down :  and 

it  is  probable  that  hundreds  might  yet  be  found  with  the  crossed 

face  reversed,  but  still  unbroken,  in  the  pavement  of  chxu'ches. 

The  Crosses,  it  is  almost  needless  to  add,  are  symbolical  of  the 

Five  Wounds.     It  was  customary  at  the  consecration  to  set  on 

fire  small  parcels  of  incense  laid  upon  each  of  them,  and  it  is 

probable  that  they  Avere  also  touched  by  the  Bishop  with  holy 

chrism. 


The  Communion  Plate  is  entirely  modern,  with 
Communion    ^.j^g  exception  of  a  silver  chaUce  of  the  date  1569, 

Plate.  '■ 

ornamented  with  bands  of  arabesque  foUage  worked 
in  gold:  it  bears  the  inscription  "  For  the  Towne  of  Hyntoun 
IN  Cambrygsher." 


Monuments. 


S.    ANDREW,    CHERRY-HINTON.  29 

There  arc  at  present  no  brasses  nor  ancient 
monuments  in  the  church ;  in  Cole's  day  there  was 
by  the  Priest's  door  a  brass  of  a  Priest  in  his  Eucharistick 
vestments,  of  which  he  gives  a  rude  sketch.  In  the  Cliuncel  lies 
a  skib  9  ft.  in  length  by  3  ft.  9  in.  in  breadth,  with  the  matrix  of 
a  tlowered  Cross  of  Decorated  date,  between  a  crescent  and  a 
star,  supported  on  a  lion :  there  is  another  smaller  slab  in  the 
Nave,  Avith  two  or  three  mutilated  Lombardick  letters  of  the 
legend  stUl  to  be  traced :  this  latter  is  probably  coeval  with  the 
church.  Against  the  north  wall  of  the  Aisle  are  two  tablets  of 
the  sixteenth  century,  possessing  but  little  merit.  They  are 
now  fast  rotting  away,  and  the  inscriptions  are  well-nigli 
obliterated ;  we  are  induced  to  give  these  epitaphs,  copied  from 
Cole,  not  as  approving  of  their  frigid  tone,  but  merely  with 
the  view  of  perpetuating  them  : — 

FRANCISCUS   WISUS   NUPTIS   MIHI   CROMWELL  ET    BUTTON 

SEPTEJJAQTJE    OLIM    PROLE    BE.VTUS   ERAM 
ADDICTUS    LEGUM    STDDUS    VIT^EQUE    PROBAT.E 

POST  ANNOS    MORIOR   SEPTUAGINTA    SENEX. 

Obit  5  Junii,  1589. 

Above  is  the  following  shield  : 

Party  per  Pale,  G-ides  and  Sable,  3  Chevronels  Ermine,  for  Wise ;  impaling 
Sable,  on  3  Hurts  as  many  Choughs  Or,  within  a  Bordure  engrailed  Gules,  on 
a  Chief  Vert  an  Eagle  displayed  Argent,  for  ITnttoii.  Crest,  a  Ram's  Head 
Sable,  issuing  from  a  Ducal  Coronet  Or. 

On  the  other  monument  we  read — 

HIC   JACET    AXNA    SUO    CrOMWELL    \aCINA  MARITO 

NUNC    CONSORS    TUMULI    QUvE    FUIT   ANTE    TORI. 

CONJUGIUM   D0PLICI  DITABAT   PIGNORE   WISI 
CONCEDENS    FATIS    MATER    IIONESTA    SUIS. 
1.55G. 

The  north  wall  of  the  Chancel  is  disfigured  with  several 
unsightly  but  costly  tablets  of  black  and  white  marble,  to  tlie 
Serocold  family ;  and  there  are  a  few  inscribed  slabs  in  different 
parts  of  the  Church,  but  possessing  no  interest. 


30  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


Bells. 


The  Tower  contains  five  Bells,  of  which  two 
have  been  recast,  and  bear  only  the  names  of  the 
Vicar  and  Churchwardens  for  the  time  being;  but  two 
preserve  their  ancient  and  pious  legends, 

3.  ©mnis  populus  tcrtf  plauliite  Sornino. 

4.  ©urn  J^ssnlmts  bemtc  nt)  33ominum. 

Cole  mentions  also  "  a  small  Saints' "  (or  Satice)  "  Bell — 
hanging  near  the  Pulpit,"  on  the  top  of  the  Parclose  separating 
the  north  chapel  from  the  Aisle.     This  too  has  perished. 

There   is   not,    at   the   present  time,   a   single 

Stained  Glass.  c  •        i      i  •     •  •        n  i  i 

n-agment  oi  stained  glass  remaining  m  the  church. 
Blomefield  and  Cole  give  us  a  list  of  the  coats  formerly  existing 
in  the  Clerestory,  among  which  the  Royal  Arms  of  England, 
and  those  of  the  See  of  Ely,  were  of  most  frequent  occurrence  : 
they  also  preserve  the  foUowmg  inscriptions  in  memory  of  the 
Benefactors,  by  whom  the  windows  had  been  glazed: 

In  the  first  Window  on  the  North  side — 

©vatc  pro  aia6us  l\ob.  ©nnnctocKc  ct  benefactor  suov. 

In  the  fourth  AVindow  on  the  same  side — 

Orate  pro  aiabus  3)of)annis  ££trji{)t  et  liob.  ^urSere. 

Besides  which,  Blomefield  mentions  a  Avindow  containing  por- 
traitures of  the  Apostles,  with  scrolls  issumg  from  their  mouths 
containing  passages  fi-om  the  Creed. 

There  was  also  in  Blomefield's  time  a  painting  of  S.  Chris- 
topher over  the  north  door,  the  usual  position  of  this  Saint. 

The  material  of  which  this,  in  common  with  most  of  the 
Cambridgeshire  churches,  is  composed,  is  clunch  internally, 
and  Barnack  and  Ketton  ashlar  on  the  outside.  The  former 
material,  if  kept  fr-om  the  effects  of  damp  and  weather,  is  very 
durable,  and  retains  for  many  centuries  its  original  sharpness 
without  the  least  deterioration ;  in  the  present  instance  it 
has  suffered  from  damp. 


S.    ANDREW,    CIIERRY-IIINTON. 


31 


„,     ,  ..    .  Tn  the  chiu'ch-yard,  near  the  south  Porcli,  is 

Cluircli- 1  ai\l  •'  '  ' 

Cross.  the  mutilated  stem  of  a  stone  Cross,  possessing 
no  particuh\r  architectural  features,  but  apparently  of  early 
date. 

The  following  ISIeasurements  of  the  principal  parts  of 
the  Church  will  be  found,  it  is  hoped,  to  gi^'e  additional 
•\alue  to  the  foregoing  description  and  accompan}ing  illus- 
trations ; 


Cfjnnccl. 

Total  length  internally  .... 

Ditto  width        ...... 

Height  of  Priest's  door  internally,   from   ground   to  toji 
of  label  ..... 

Width  of  ditto  .  .  .  .  . 

Height  of  ditto  in  the  clear  externally 

Width  of  ditto  .  .  .  .  . 

Leng-th  of  Piscina  and  SecUlia  from  east  to  west 
Height  from  ground  to  string  under  lancets  internally 
Projection  of  buttresses  (below  set-oft') 
Breadth  of  ditto  ..... 

Depth  of  weathering  .... 

Projection  above  weathering       .  .  .  . 

Width  of  lancets  in  the  clear 

Height  of  ditto  ..... 


feet 

42 

inches 

G 

21 

2 

9 

0 

2 

7 

G 

G 

2 

!> 

l-t 

0 

7 

10 

2 

6 

2 

0 

2 

5 

1 

8 

1 

C 

12 

8 

iiabr. 

Total  length   internallj' 

Ditto   width,   between  plinths  of  piers 

Width  of  aisles,  between  walls  and  plinths 

Height  of  piers  from  ground  to  top  of  capitals 

Diameter  of  ilitto 

Plinth,  square  .... 

Height  of  ditto         .... 


07 

0 

21 

0 

8 

G 

12 

0 

I 

10 

3 

0 

0 

8 

10 
5 


32  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHHIE. 

feet        inches 

Height  of  base  above  plinth       .  .  .  .12 

Depth  of  capital       .....  10 

Projection  of  ditto  .  .  .  .  .06 

Width  of  arch  mould  from  label  (inclusive)  to  soffit  1         7 

Span  of  arches,  between  plinths  .  .  .9 

Span  of  belfry-arch  .  .  .  .  10 

Heiglit  of  piers  of  ditto,   fi'om  ground  to  top  of  impost     15  9 

Thickness  of  wall  across  the  jambs  .  .  3         9 

Total  height  of  north  doorway,  inside  .  .       10         7 

Ditto  width  .....  58 

Total  height  of  south  doorway,  inside  .  .12  0 

Ditto  width  .....  74 

^ctotr. 

Length  internally  from  east  to  west      .  .  .       15         4 

Ditto  width,  from  north  to  south  .  .  11         5 

forct). 

Length  internally  from  north  to  soutli  .  .13         0 

Ditto  width,  from  east  to  west         .  .  .  11         2 


w 


n-A 


i 


,^ 


,^> 


!:M!l 


D'>7lt|L>^Ijil>"t«itc9ue«i 


JftfeTior  of  (SljBarr!  . 


i 


Priest's  Door   (intenurj, 


Art-li  MouM,   ^f,lil 


Door,    N'orlli  At&Ie. 


'     l' 

"^ ' - 


Base  of  Nave  Piers. 


BasG  of  Sliafts,   Chancel  Arcade. 


Capital  of  Nave  Piers. 


^:) 


v 


Capital,  Chancel  Door. 


t 


Capital  of  Shaft,   Piscina. 


Base  of  Shaft,  Sedilia. 


Base  of  Shaft,  Piscina. 


r" 


% 


.y' 


Band  of  Shafts,  Chancel  Arcade. 


,y 


..i!   -'4 


...^m*jMl^ 


■-■i.wtdus  litU 


C  M  IE  lRm"r    SL I  H  T  ©  ^?  , 


''^i^ 


Zvntn^inatott  eijurcf). 


ft.  ft 

Chancel     .     39  by  Hi 

Nave      .  57   b'v  20 

Tower        .     l;i  by  12J 


ft.  ft. 

N.  Aisle    )     „  ,         „ 

Cbapcls     .     2«   by    1:! 


At  Trompynton,  not  far  fro'  Caiiibrigge, 
There  goth  a  broke,  and  over  that  a  brigge, 
Upon  tlic  wliyche  broke  ther  stant  a  nicll; 
And  tliis  is  very  soth  as  I  you  tell. 

The  Hive's  Tale. 

5oj/EAV  of  our  Cambridgeshire  Villages   arc 
more    known    to    fame    tlian    that,    the 
^  Ecclesiastical  antiquities  of  Avhich  it  is 

o/;^^--— ~^^So/  the  object  of  the  subsequent  pages  to 
in-\-estigate ;  few  names  strike  more  fa- 
miliarly on  the  ear.  This  notoriety  the  village 
of  Trumpington  in  some  degree  owes,  of  coiu'sc, 
to  its  position,  whence  its  privilege  of  giving 
name  to  the  principal  street  in  our  University 
town.  But  perhaps  what  degree  of  celebrity 
it  has  attained  to  is  in  some  measure  due 
to  its  having  been  enshrined  by  Chaucer  in  his 
"pure  well  of  Engli.sh  undcfilcd,"  the  scene  of 
his  witty  but  not  very  decorous  tale  abo^c  quoted  being 
entirely  laid  in  this  lierc-tofore  unrenowned  \illage.  Of  tlie 
mill  where  the  plot  of  tlie  tale  is  ])layed  out,  Carter  states, 
in  his  History  of  Cambn'ch/cs/iiir,  (p.  289,  Loud.  1819,)  that 
only  the  ruins  remained ;  and  now  these  have  disappeared, 
and  e\'en  its  site  is  by  no  means  certainly  known. 


34  CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHHJE. 


Trumpington    for    as    it     is,    as    usual    with 

Village.  .  '^ 

names,  variously  spelt  in  records  of  different  dates, 
Trtjmpitone,  Trompeton,  or  Trumfyton,)  lies  about  two  miles 
south  of  Cambridge  on  the  London  road,  in  the  Hundred 
of  Triplow,  Archdeaconry  of  Ely,  and  JJeanery  of  Barton. 
The  old  form  of  writing  the  name  agrees  with  the  bearings 
of  the  ancient  family,'  which  indicate  the  origin  of  the  name. 
It  is  described  by  Cole^  as 

"  One  of  the  most  pleasant  Villages  in  the  Kingdom ;   being  on   a  good 
Soil,  a  jilcnsant  Ri\er  running  liy  it,  fine  Meadows  about  it,  and  surrounded 

with   deliglitfiil   Groves,    and   on   a   fine    Turnpike    Road. There   are    two 

Verses"  continues  he,  "  in  every  body's  Mouth,  on  seeing  the  Tower  of  the 
Chureh,  tojiping  the  lofty  Trees  which  surroinid  it  on  every  side,  said  to 
be  Chaucer's  also, 

"  TriHiipingtnn,  Trompington,  God  be  tliee  with, 
Tliy   Steeple  looks  liUe  a   Knife  in  a  Sheath." 

The  pertinency  of  the  comparison  we  must  confess  to 
being  quite  unable  to  perceive ;  there  is  not,  to  our  eyes,  the 
slightest  resemblance  in  the  tower  of  the  church  to  the  above- 
mentioned  object.  We  can  only  presume,  in  justice  to  the 
poet,  that  the  character  of  the  steeple  has  been  altered  since 
the  writing  of  this  distich. 

The  Church  is  dedicated  to  S.  Mary  the  Virgin  and 
S.  Michael,  or  to  S.  Nicholas,'  and  is  a  Vicarage  in  the 
gift  of  Trinity  College.  In  the  Vetus  Valor,  or  Taxation  of 
1255,  Trumpington  Rectory  is  taxed  at  20  marcs,  and  the 
Vicarage  at  10  marcs' j.  in  1291,  the  time  of  Pope  Nicholas' 
Taxation,  the  value  of  the  Vicarage  had  decreased,  the  entry 
here  being,  "  Ecclia  de  Trumpiton  xx  m.  Vicaria  ejusdem 
V  lib."     About  1306,    we  again    find   from   the  Archdeacon's 

'  Of  this  see  Monumental  Brasses,  published  by  the  Cambridge  Camden  Society,  p.  05. 

^  MSS.  vol.  viii.    p.  51. 

^  B!omefie]d"seems  to  consider  that  the  Church  was  more  probably  dedicated  to  S.  Nicholas; 
but  the  lust  Valor  makes  it  dedicated  to  S.  Mary  and  S.  Michael.  It  may  have  changed  its 
dedication  between  the  two  dates,  as  was  the  case  with  the  church  of  S.  Peter,  now  of  S.  Mary 
the  Less,  in  this  town, 

'  Baker,  ix.  66. 


TRUMPINGTON.  35 


book  that,  the  Vicarage  was  valued  at  100  shillings;  and  in 
the  Taxation  of  Henry  VIII.,  ov  tlie  King's  Books,  it  stands 
at  10(5  sliillings  and  8  pence.'  It  pays  first-lVuits,  and  lO.v.  8c/. 
yearly  tenths,  and  is  iucai)able  of  angnientation.'  By  will, 
bearing  date  1672,  Herbert  Thorxdike,  the  cver-meniorablc 
author  of  '  The  Priniiti\  c-  Government  of  Churches'  and 
'  A  Discourse  of  Religious  Assemblies,'  who  was  also  Fellow 
of  Tiinity  College,  and  died  a  Prebendary  of  Westminster,  gave 
the  lease  of  the  Tithes,  worth  about  £140  per  anninn,  to  the 
Vicarage,  upon  the  condition  that  the  ^^icar  should  always 
be  resident  on  his  cure."  In  1728'  the  Vicarage  stood  at 
near  £200  per  annum,  and  is  now  rated  in  the  Liher  Ecde- 
siasticus  at  £241."  About  1806  it  paid  H*-.  \(J.  for  Synodals, 
18rf.  for  Procurations,  and  4.s\  for  Peter's  Pence."  Fleetwood' 
says,  "  Ecc  Trumpinton  solvit  P'curat  0,  5,  0,  Vicaria  ejusdem 
0,  1,  3";  and  in  1516  we  have  the  entry  hi  the  Archdeacon's 
book," 

Syaod.  drii.  boat.  Pet.  Procunit. 

xiiijc?.  iij*.  xviijrf. 

the  same  year  also  13^/.  was  paid  for  Ely  Farthings^ 

The    Abbey   of  S.  Alban,    as  well    as   several 
*Pr"o'^"-t"'''     other  religious  houses,  held  property  to  some  con- 
siderable   extent   in    the   parislt   of  Trumpington. 
Selden,  in  his  History  of  Tithes  (p.  329.  Ed.  of  1618),  quoting 
from   INlattliew   Paris's    Lives   of   the    Abbots    of  S.   Alban's, 
tells    us,   that   the   Tithes    of  this    parish   wcn-e  given  to  that 


<   Val.  Eccl.  p.  500.  ■''  Blomcf.  Collect.  |>.  235. 

^  Bishop  Greene's  Visitation,   1728. 

'  About  1720  the  Tillies  were  valued  at  .£S0;  and  thenceforward  the  Vicars  resident  p;iiil 
£12  annual  rent,  in  lieu  of  fine  at  the  renewal  of  tlic  lease  every  seven  years.  But  in  1794 
the  lease  was  sold,  and  the  interest  of  the  sale-money  is  paid  to  the  \'icar  in  half-yearly  pay- 
ments of  jglo. 

'  The  Vicarage  land  in  ail  contains  SO.v.  3r.  9i'.,  the  church-yard  being  2r.  20p.,  the  house 
and  grounds  occupying  2a.  2ii.  12r.  The  house,  which  stood  on  the  Rectory,  was  secured  to 
the  Vicar  by  the  Enclosure  Act  about  1802. 

'  Archdeacon's  Book.  '  Cole,  N.xii.  2(). 

»  MSS.  Cains,  170,  p.  1!).  »  Ibid. 


.36  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

Abbey  in  the  time  of  Henry  I.;  and  in  the  Placita  de  Banco, 
in  the  time  of  Edward  III.,  we  find  that  the  Abbot  of  S.  Alban's 
impleads  Henry  de  Swet,  parson  of  Trumpington,  that  lie 
would  pay  him  £20,  which  are  yet  owing  him  of  the  annual 
income  of  £b  :  and  the  cause  of  the  debt  is,  that  the  aforesaid 
Abbot  and  Convent  have  granted  the  said  Eector,  and  his 
successors  for  ever,  to  farm  all  the  Tithes  which  they  have 
been  wont  to  pay  in  Trumpington,  with  a  certain  yard  and 
barn.  And  the  Abbot  produces  a  deed  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely, 
bearing  witness  to  the  truth  of  his  statement.  The  Abbot, 
therefore,  recovers  the  said  annual  income  and  the  said  arrears. 
The  Abbot's  portion,  in  1291,  was  taxed  at  Sli.  6s.  8d. 

The  Prior  of  Lewes  also  had  a  share  of  the 
Tithes  of  this  parish,  arising  from  a  demesne 
originally  belonging  to  William  de  Cay  ley,  wliich  he  must  have 
acquired  before  the  year  1225  ;  for  in  the  Hegistnim  de  Lewes, 
fol.  24:5,  w'e  find  that  in  this  year  there  was  a  dispute  between 
him  and  P.  de  Rivatt,  the  Rector  of  Trumpington,  concerning 
the  Tithes  of  this  demesne,  and  that  11.  Dean  of  Wilbraham, 
Mag.  T.  de  Tenda,  and  Mag.  S.  de  Norhampton,  were  dele- 
gated by  Pope  Plonorius  HI.  to  examine  into  the  matter,  who 
gave  it  in  favour  of  the  Prior.'  In  1291  his  portion  was  rated 
at  £3 ;  but  in  the  return  sent  by  Bishop  Montacute  to  the 
brief  of  enquiry,  as  to  the  property  held  by  the  alien 
Priories  in  his  Diocese,  Nov.  18,  1339,  he  states,  that 
though  the  Prior's  portion  had  been  formerly  taxed  at  60*., 
yet  even  then  he  had  only  been  able  to  raise  two  pounds, 
and  that  now  and  for  the  last  twenty-five  years  past  he  had 
been  able  to  get  nothing,  inasmuch  as  the  Church  Avas 
declared  to  be  released  from  that  portion,  and  a  prohibition 
had  been  placed  upon  its  collection  in  this  place.*  At  the 
Dissolution  this  was  granted  to  Thomas,  Lord  Cromwell." 

•'  Ciile,  viii.  '  Cole,  xxiii.  .30, 

'  Origin.  29  Hen.  VIU. 


TRUMPINGTON.  .^7 


M 


Camden    states  in  his  Biit;iniii;i.   (n.   110.   I^d. 

Ely. 

of  1695,)  that  Brithnoth,  Earl  of  the  East  Angles, 
gave  a  INIanor  in  this  parish  to  the  Ahbot  and  ConAcnt  of  Ely, 
in  the  time  of  King  Ethelrcd  the  .Second,  a.  u.  L)9'J  ;  and  be- 
I  tween  the  years  1045  and  lOGG,  among  the  other  possessions 
confirmed  to  them  by  King  Edward  the  Confessor,  the  name 
of  '  Trumpitone  in  comitatu  Grantecestre  ot  extra  Insulani 
Elyensem'  occurs.'  It  does  not  appear  when  this  Manor  was 
alienated  from  the  ]Monastery,  but  it  is  not  mentioned  in  records 
of  later  date. 

The  Prior  of  Barnwell   held   property  in  tlie 
Bislemede     pai'ish  to  the  amouut  of  thii-tecn  shillings  per  ann.; 

besides  which  he  claimed  £1  6s.  Sd.  as  his  annual 
portion  of  the  Tithes.  Two  parts  of  his  tithes  were  given  to 
the  Abbey  by  Picot^  The  Prior  of  Bissemede,  in  Bedfordshire, 
also  had  land  rated  at  £2  2s.  2(1.  annually.'' 

We  may  now,  in  this  place,  refer  to  the  Li- 

Nonae  Rolls.  -^  ,. 

quisttiones  No?iarum  of  the  time  of  Edward  III., 
in  A\hich  mention  is  made  of  the  '  portions'  above  cited,  as  a 
reason  for  the  Ninth  not  reaching  its  true  value.     The  entry  is, 

Tni'pitoiie 
Taxatur  xxxijK.  xiij.?.  iiijj. 

Id'  r'  do  sij''.  xv''.  de  fxlia  nona  garb'  veil'  &  agii'  Joli'i  lo  \A'al.ssh,  .luli'i 
de  Comberton,  Juh'i  Bygot,  WiUo  atto  Grave,  &  aliis  liuibiis  ejusdem  poeh' 
comiss'  cujus  ecelia  cu  vicaria  ejusdem  cu  poreoibus  Abbatis  de  sto  ^Vlbauo, 
prior'  de  Bernewell  &  prior'  do  Lewes  tax'  ad  xxxij''.  xiy.  uiyL  ct  sic  eadem 
uona  noil  attingit  ad  taxa  p  xx''.  xj*.  viij'A  nee  attingero  potest  causis  siip- 
dcls  consUbz  sic  compt'  est  p  Sacramoiituiii  Willi  atto  Grave,  &e.  coram  pra'fatis 
assossoribus  juris. 

The   prmcipal  Manors   in    Trumiiinston    Mere 

Manors.  ^      ^  '^    ^  -^       => 

Cayley's,  Arnold's,  Beaufoe's  or  Crochcman's,  and 
Tincote's,  besides  several  of  less  importance.  It  is  not  tlie 
design  of  this  work  to  enter  at  all  into  tlie  Manorial  history 

'  Colo,  xxii.      Hist.  Aug.  Scrip,  vol.  iii.  |i.  493.      lioiuliain's  lily,  p.  S  I-.   Append,  ii. 
'   Diigilalo  M<iiiasl.  ii.  'ii.  »  Pope  Nicli.  Ta.x.  p.  2li8. 


38  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


of  tlie  parish,  except  so  far  as  it  connects  itself  with  the 
Ecclesiastical  history;  we  leave  this  valuable  but  intricate 
department  to  the  County  historian. 

The  chief  Manor   in    the  place  was  anciently 

AdvOWSOll.  /•/-,!  rii 

esteemed    to   be  that  oi  Layley,    or  irumpmgton 
de  la  Pole,  to  which   the  Advowson  of  the  church  belonged', 
and  which  was  held  under  the  Earls  of  Winchester,  as  early 
as  1237,  by  the  family  of  Cayley.     In  the  Hundred  Rolls, 
in  the  8th  year  of  Edward  I.,  1279-80,  we  find  that 

"  Simon  do  CayJi  holds  in  the  Town  of  Trumpiton,  one  messuage  with  a 
garden  comaiDiug  four  acres,  &c.  and  holds  the  Advowson  of  the  Church. 
But  as  to  the  Advowson  we  know  not  whether  he  hath  any  Warrant  or  no." 

The  doubts  concerning  the  possession  of  the  Advowson 
would  appear  to  have  been  settled  satisfactorily;  for  in  the 
Inqiiisitiones,  in  the  time  of  Edward  II.,  we  find  that  Johes 
de  Kaily  tenet  unum  feodum  in  Trumpitone,  et  valet  per  an. 
10',  cum  Homag',  et  Advoc'  Ecclie.-  In  this  family  the  Ad- 
vowson remained  till  about  the  year  13-43,  when  the  Nuns 
of  the  Priory  of  Haliwell,  near  Shoreditch,  in  London,  pur- 
chased it  of  the  heirs  of  John  de  Cayley.' 

Having  obtained  the  Advowson,  they    appear 

Appropriation.  ^  . 

to  have  been  extremely  anxious  to  become  pos- 
sessed of  the  Rectory  also,  and  would  seem,  from  certain 
expressions  in  the  deed  of  appropriation,  to  have  besieged  the 
Bishop  of  Ely  with  continual  petitions  to  that  effect :  to  these 
he  at  last  gave  ear;  and  on  the  18th  of  January,  1313,  Bishop 
Simon  de  Montacute  issued  letters  from  his  manor  of  ])o^vn- 
ham,  appropriating  the  Church  of  Trumpington  to  the  Sisters 
of  Haliwell.     The  deed  opens  in  the  following  manner :' 

"  Simon  &c.  See  Religiouis  Mulieribus  Priorisse  et  Conventui  de  Haliwell, 
juxta  London',  ordinis  sci  Augustini,  Salutcm  &c.  Sane  vestra  fi-equens  & 
assidiia  nobis  Pcticio  continebat,  quod  cum  tanta  sitis,  absque  culpa  vestra, 
paupcrtate  depresse  notoria,  &  Ere  alieno  gravate,  vestrique  Prioratus  posses- 

'    Lysims,  p.  269.  '  Baker,  xxviii.  p.  "241. 

'  Ougd,  Mon.  Angl.  iv.  391. 

'  Cule,  xxiii.  2j.      Baker,  xi.  lit.      Extr.  from  tlut  liisliop's  Register. 


TIUTMPINGTON.  3fl 


sionos  adco  sint  temios  ct  exilus,  quod  nisi  aliunde  vestre  subvoniatui-  Iiicilic, 
non  sufficiunt  jii-o  vestra  sustontacoo  consrua  &c.  Eecllani  do  Truiiipotim  pi'i- 
St!  euratam,  vostri  Patronatiis,  ciijus  Rodditus  &  Pi'ovontus  annui  in  xx  I-ibris 
sterlingor',  prout  anipliiis  ad  dcciniani  solvit'  pro  eadem,  taxant',  nos  ox 
caiisis  predictis  nobis  exliiUitis  vobis  v(-nir<>  in  nsus  vestros  pi'oprios  ronctHlore 
niisericorditcr  cm-aronius." 

And  he  goes  on  to  the  following  effect, 

"  That  Iiavina:  made  lurthcr  on((uirinsf,  and  fin<liii2;  all  trur  that  lia<l  bocn 
allodged,  with  the  consent  of  the  King,  of  John  do  (_)llbrd,  Archdeacon  of  Ely, 
and  the  Chapter  of  Ely,  by  Ills  Pontifical  authority  he  aitpropriates  it  to  their 
use ;  reserving  the  power  to  himself  and  his  successors  of  increasing  the  \"icar's 
portion,  and  of  building  him  a  house  at  tlic  expense  of  the  Priory,  especially  since 
'he  who  serves  at  the  Altar  should  live  by  the  Altar'.  Which  Vicar  on  any 
vacancy  he  orders  them  to  present  to  the  Bishop  of  Ely  for  Institution;  and 
states,  that  on  the  next  vacancy  of  the  Rectory  they  may  enter  on  |)ossession 
without  any  further  trouble.  lie  moreover  orders  the  Priory  to  pay  an  annual 
Pension  of  Gs.  Sd.  sterling  to  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely,  arising  from  the  fruits 
and  profits  of  the  Church  of  Trum])eton :  and  after  they  are  in  quiet  possession 
of  the  Church,  that  they  find  a  fit  and  proper  Priest  (cajjablo  however  of  being 
removed  at  the  ])leasure  of  the  Prioress)  to  celebrate  Mass,  at  the  Altar  of 
S.  Ethelrcda,  within  their  Priory,  for  the  soul  of  himself,  both  during  his  life 
and  after  his  death,  and  for  the  soul  of  King  Edwanl  (the  Third),  and  for  the 
souls  of  his  (the  Bishop's)  Father  and  Mother,  and  for  the  soul  of  William  de 
Montacute,  Earl  of  Salisbury,  his  brother,  and  of  tht;  Bishops  of  Ely,  and  all 
the  departed  faithftd.  lie  then  ]iroceods  to  order  them  to  celebrate  his  01)it  in 
theii'  Convent  every  year,  and  annually  to  give  to  the  Poor  two  (Quarters  of 
Wheat  in  Bread  of  the  same  kind  as  they  eat  in  the  Convent." 

And  concludes  with  a  direction, 

"  That  inasmuch  as  heretofore  the  Prioress  and  the  Convent  have  received 
nothing  for  their  Clothing,  'nisi  ut  prajtermittantur  Caritativa  obsidia  mendicata,' 
the  Prioress  should  receive  20.?,  the  Subprioress  \0s,  and  every  Nun  C*.  8(7. 
from  the  Revenues  of  the  Church  of  Trumjiington,  to  be  employed  in  purchasing 
them  the  garments  of  their  order." 

The   Convent  of  Hali^\'ell   appears   to  have    remained   in 

undisturbed  possession  of  the  Rectory  until  the  Dissolution, 

when    it   was    granted    by    Henry  VIII.    to    the   Master   and 

Fello\\s  of  Trinity  College,   in  the  University  of  Cambridge, 

to  Avhom   it  still   belongs,   and  who  arc  also  Patrons  of  the 

Vicarage.     A  book   of    Valuations,    nearly    coeval    with    the 

foundation    of  the   college,    sets   the    llcctory    at    the    annual 

rental  of  £23  5s.  in   1538. 


40  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHHiE. 


In  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely's  Book,    preserved 
ArciHieacon's    ^mons-  the  MSS/  of  Caius  College,  is  the  following 

Bonk.  '^  "  - 

account  of  the  ornaments  of  this  Church,  drawn 
up  about  the  year  1306,  and  corrected  before  1349. 

"  Trmpiton.  non  app'ata,  ibi  Rector  et  Vicar,'  [in  a  later  hand  the  words 
non,  il)i  Rector  et,  erased  and  Priorisse  de  Haliwell  inserted]  taxatur  ad  C.s. 
soliiit  p  sinod.  ij*.  iiij'^.  pcur'  xviij'^.  den.  Sci  Petri  iij'.  ornamta  sunt  hec. 
Missalc.  ij  Antiph  'bona,  et  aliud  uet'  legenda.  ij  Tp.ia'^.  1  Manuale.  MartUog. 
iij  salt'ia.'  p'cessionar'  sup  gradali.  iiij  paria  vestimentorum  integra  cu 
p'tinenciis,  calices,  et  dalmatica.  una  Tunielia.   ij  cappe  chori.  iiij  suppellicia. 

ij.  Rochete.  volu  bonu.  pLxis fons  sub  s'ura.^  crismatoriu.  ij  cruces.  iij  phiole. 

j  ifrontale.  Statuta  sinod.  [all  that  follows  in  a  late  hand]  Capa  chori  de  dono 
Nichi  quoda  Rector'  d'ce  Ecclie.  j  Casula  de  dono  dni  Rog.  de  Trompeton. 
j  vestim  integrum  dono  dni  Nichi  quodam  Rector'  ad  Altare  beate  Marie. 
It'm  unu  Missale  novum  de  dono  dni  Nichi  quodam  Rectoris  dee  Ecclie  de 
tmpetone." 

In  the  eighth  year  of  King  Edward  I.,  John 
Bernard  held  one  acre  of  land,  for  the  finding  of  a 
lamp  to  burn  in  the  church;  andGcoff"ery,  the  Clerk,  held  seven 
acres  of  land  for  three  lamps,  in  pure  and  perpetual  alms."  One 
Robert  Gardener,  in  his  will  dated  June  21,  1500,  left  his 
body  to  be  buried  in  the  church-yard  of  Trumpington,  and 
five  marks  to  buy  lands  for  the  repair  of  the  Church.'  And 
in  1503,  J.  White  bequeathed  to  the  Church  of  Trumpington 
forty  shillings  for  the  purchase  of  a  Missal,  and  also  all  his 
lands  after  the  death  of  Alice,  his  wife,  for  an  Obit,  as  well  as 
for  the  ornaments  and  repairs  of  the  Church.  In  this  same 
year  also,  Robert  Barchur,  Vicar  of  Grantchester,  died,  and  left 
his  "  Liber  de  virtutibus  et  vitiis"  for  the  use  of  this  Church'. 
There  are  also  later  benefactions  recorded  on  tablets  in  the 
Church;  one  of  " Thomas  Allen,  gent.,  related  to  Mris.  Baron, 
who  gave  to  ye  towne  of  Trumpington  nine  acres  of  land 
at  ye  yearly  rent  of  three  pounds,  for  ye  putting  of  poor  boys 

=  MSS.  cciv.  "  Troperia.  '  Psalteria. 

«  Sub  scrriira.      Under  lock  and  key.  °  Rot.  Hund.  8  Eihv.  I. 

'   Blomcfield's  MSS.  Colliis.  Gough  Colin.   No.  349.  '  Baker,  xvi.  15!). 


TRUMPINGTON.  41 


out  apprentices.  Jan.  2'2n(l,  1681."  And  another''  of  "  jMr. 
AMlliam  ^Vustin,  tailor,  of  Triunpington,  who,  by  will  dated 
l(i79,  gave  fourteene  acres  of  arable  land,  in  Bottishani,  pur- 
chased on  one  Chippy  of  y"  said  towne,  to  put  out  foiu-  of 
y'  poorest  children  to  scoole,  born  in  y"  towne  of  Trunipington  ; 
until  they  can  read  a  chapter  in  y^  Holy  Bible  perfectly,  and 
then  a  Bible  given  them,  &  they  dismist,  &  others  of  y"  said 
towne  to  proceed  as  aforesaid."  He  also  left  20.s\  a  year  for 
coals  for  the  poor,  and  205.  a  year  "  to  repair  y"  footway  lead- 
ing from  y"^  house  of  John  Pecke  Baker,  where  his  motlier 
lately  dwelt,  to  y""  Church  of  y'  said  Trunipington."  The 
school  estate  now  amounts  to  21a.  2r.  16p.,  situate  in  Botti- 
shani, as  settled  by  Enclosure  Award.  Mr.  Thomas  Allen, 
of  Stanning,  in  Sussex,  but  latterly  resident  in  Trunipington, 
added  to  the  ring  of  bells  a  treble,  and  bought  Emmanuel 
College  pul[)it,  and  put  it  in  this  Church ;  he  also  left  £3 
a  year  for  putting  out  poor  children  to  apprenticeship.  These 
benefactions  are  jiroperly  commemorated  at  the  register  of  his 
burial,  Sept.  6,  1092. —  Stephen  Perse,  M.D.  Fellow^  of  Gon- 
ville  and  Cains  College,  left  to  this  place,  as  connected  \\  ith 
Cambridge,  the  privilege  of  admission  of  boys  to  his  Free 
Grammar  School  in  Cambridge. 

The  follo\ving  is  the  most  complete  catalogue  of  the  Rectors 
and  Vicars'  of  this  Church  that  we  have  been  able  to  collect. 

Ucctors. 

'Peter  de  Rivatt  .  .  .  before  1225 

■^Nicholas  .  .  .  before  1293 

'Henry  de  Swet  .  .  .  before  1.337 

Richnril  Berdo  de  Ledbury,  .sen.  .  .  .  l.'l'^T 

'  Cambridgeshire  Cli.-iritics,  p.  184. 

*  A  Vicar  of  Trumpington  unliajjpily  stand.s  the  representative  of  an  ignorant  clergyman 
in  an  anecdote  of  the  fourteenth  century,  when  tlie  ignorance  of  the  clergy  was  notorious. — 
Strype's  Aylmer,  p.  190,  ed.  of  1821. 

'  In  this  year  there  is  a  dispute  between  him  and  tlie  Prior  of  Lewes,  concerning  Tithes. — 
Cole,  xlv.  191-5.  "  Balicr,  x.wiii.  211. 

'  His  name  occurs  in  the  Placila  ilc  Banco,  temp.  Ed.  III. 

G 


42 


CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


^Richard  Berde  de  Ledbury,  juu. 
'John  de  Herle 

'Nicholas  de  Drayton 

Thomas  de  Ledbury 

William  de  Dykelesburgh,  resigned 

Simon  Brond 

Henry  Valentine,  died 

^John  Punche 

WiUiam  Stepy  de  Holtoft,  res. 

^John  Bardy,  res. 

WUIiam  Forster,  res. 

John  Bradley,  died 

John  Karlill     . 

■■John  Stoghton 

^John  Glandefeld 

Reginald  West 

John  Barber,  died 

Edw.  Brough 

Richard  Wilkinson 

WiOiam  Palmer 

WUIiam  Pollard 

John  Holte  or  HaUe 

Jeremy  Radcliffe 

Samuel  Heron,  B.D.  res. 

WiUiam  Barker,  B.D.  res. 

GUes  Askam  or  Ascham,  M.A.  res. 

John  Overall,  B.D.  res. 


1343 
1343 


1339 
.       1343 

1345 
.       1346 

.       1375 

.  1389 
1392 

.  1393 
1.395 

.  1445 
before  1527 

.       1538 

.  1553 
1556 

.  1564 
1567 

.  1573 
1580 

.       1589 

1589-90 

1590-1 

.     1591-2 


'  He  was  appointed  on  tbe  resignation  of  liis  father,  tile  former  Rector;  but  the  same  year 
exchanged  it  with  John  de  Herle  for  Doddington. 

"  He  was  the  last  Rector,  the  Church  being  this  year  appropriated  to  the  Nunnery  of 
Haliwell.  '   He  was  Vicar  in  IStl.     Cole,  xxiii.  32. 

■  He  is  mentioned  as  Vicar  in  1377,   Reg.  Consist.  Eliens Cole,  xli.  57. 

"  He  was  Rector  of  the  Mediety  of  Teversham,  which  he  exchanged  with  Holtoft  for 
Trumpington,  and  again  exchanged  that  for  the  Rectory  of  Quendon  with  W.  Forster. 

*  It  has  been  asserted  that  Skelton,  the  poet,  was  Curate  of  this  parish  about  this  time  : 
the  only  authority  for  which  is  to  be  found  in  p.  272  of  his  Works,  ed.  of  173C,  where  at  the 
end  of  a  few  lines  of  doggrel  Latin  we  find,  "  Apud  Trunipinton  scriptor  (sic)  per  Curatum 
ejusdem  quinto  die  Januarii,  a.d.  secundum  computationem  Ailglicanam  m.d.vii."  The 
Author  of  the  forthcoming  Life  of  the  Poet  (Rev.  A.  Dyce)  has  favoured  us  with  this  opinion 
in  explanation :  "  That  the  Curate  of  Trumpington  had  written  out  the  verses  composed  by  the 
Rector  of  Diss  ;  and  that  the  former  had  borrowed  them  from  the  latter  for  the  purpose  of 
transcription,  is  rendered  probable  by  two  lines  which  occur  soon  after, 

*  Hanc  volo  transcribas,  iranscriptam  moxqtte  remittas 
PageUam,  quia  sunt  qui  mea  carmina  norunt.^" 

'  Bak.  xvi.  171. 


TRUMPINGTON. 


43 


Thomas  Bolton,  M.A.  res. 

<'Fr;mc-is  Sa\age,   B.D.  and  Fellow,  res, 

Thomas  Proude,  B.D.  and  Fellow 

J.  Palmer,   B.D. 

Zachary  Pasfield,  res. 

''Samuel  Hill,  B.D.      . 

William  Barton,  M.A.  res. 

William  Daldns,  B.D.  res. 

George  Ducket,  M.A. 

Thos.  Kitchen,  B.D. 

William  Sterne 

Walter  \\niitgroave,  B.D. 

'George  Stanhope,  B.D. 

Anthony  Topham,  B.D. 

^Theodore  Crossland 

Thomas  Ashton,  res. 

Francis  Halfhead 

'Nathaniel  Willis,  B.D.     . 

William  Herbert,  M.A. 

Thomas  Copinger,  died 

Benjamin  Southwood,  M.A. 

William  Bayley,   B.D.  and  Fellow,  tlietl 

William  Linnett,  res. 

"^George  Modd,  M.A.  and  Fellow,  res. 

Edward  Bathurst,  M.A.  and  Fellow,  died 

^John  Hacket,  D.D.  and  Fellow,  res. 

^John  Barnwell,  D.D.  and  Fellow 

William  Morgan,  D.D.  and  Fellow,  res.    . 

Henry  Davis,  B.D.  and  Fellow,  res. 

*Jolm  Powell,  B.D.  and  FeUow     . 

Samuel  Peck,  M.A.  and  FeUow,  res. 

^Thomas  Heckford,  B.A.  and  Scholar,  died 

^JOHN    HiULSTONE,    M.A. 


1592-3 

159-1 

.   1595 

1596 

1599-1600 

1602 

1603-4 

1605-6 

.   1611-12 

before  1622 

1610-17 

1610-17 

1636 

1638 

.   1642 

1641-2 

1643-4 

1654 
.   1674 

1679 
.   1693 

1695 
.   1719 

1732 
.   1746 

1747 
.   1703 

1705 
.   1779 

1817 


'  The  date  of  liis  presentation  is  Oct.  13,  37  Elis.;  that  of  T.  Proude,  Nov.  20,  37  Elis. 

'  Presented  by  tlie  Bisho}),  by  lapse. —  7?c£-.  Ileton.  12. 

'  G.  Stanhope  was  presented  to  Flintham,  and  did  not  come  to  Trumpington. 

'  Cole,  viii.  9.  '  Reg.  Wren.  p.  34,  "  resignat  V'icariam  in  manus  Dni.'  p.  38. 

'  These  persons  were  more  or  less  conspicuous  in  the  disputes  of  Dr.  Bentlcy.  See  his  Life, 
by  Bishop  Monk.  Of  Mr.  Modd  it  is  related,  that  like  his  predecessor.  Dr.  Lynnet,  he  continued 
until  past  fourscore  years  old,  to  attend  morning  prayer  daily  in  the  chape],  at  six  o'clock. 

'  He  built  the  chief  part  of  the  present  manse,  then  upon  the  Rectory.  Cole,  viii.  52. 
A  portrait  of  him  is  still  existing  in  the  Vicarage. 

^  He  was  promoted  to  Camps  in  1765. 

'  Mr.  Heckford  was  only  a  Bachelor  Scholar  of  Trinity  at  the  time  of  his  presentation. 

'  In  1788  elected  Woodwardian  I'rofessor;  he  retained  the  otlice  until  he  accepted  this 
Benefice. 


44  CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


The  names  and  dates  in  this  list  subsequent  to  1589, 
are  taken  from  the  series  of  lease  books  of  Trinity  College. 
The  first  of  these  does  not  contain  any  presentations. 

In  the  preceding  catalogue  there  are  some  names  which 
call  upon  us  for  some  particular  notice.  Among  these  is 
that  of  Peter  de  Rivatt,  connected  as  he  probably  may  be 
with  the  following  sad  picture  of  the  corrupt  administration 
of  justice,  given  us  by  Matthew  Paris,  in  his  Ilistoria  Major^ 
as  he  was,  it  would  appear,  Eector  of  Trumpington  at  the 
date  of  this  event. 

"  A.D.  1259.  Contigit  quod  juvenis  quidam  transitum  faceret  per  quendam 
viculum  iu  Trumpinton;  &  cum  oblatraret  euni  canis,  ut  eum  coinposceret 
lapidem  incaute  jactavit,  qui  lapis  ex  obliquo  resiliens,  unam  contrivit  casu 
gallinam  cujusdam  muliercula?.  Quod  ipsa  exiens  vidit  et,  clamore  querulo 
elevato,  multos  Adcinorum  congregavit.  Juvenis  autem  hoc  casu  contigisse 
humiliter  cum  juramento  oLtestans,  pro  gallina  ejus  valorem,  et  in  duplo 
amplius  pro  ofteusa,  ratiouabiliter  offerebat :  mulier  autem  improba  liKC  omnia 
recusaus  ultioni  iiicubuit  uberiori.  Quidam  autem  serviens  WilUelmi  de  Valentia,^ 
procax,  et  ex  tanto  domino  eornua  sumens,  insontem  arripuit  juvenem,  et 
arctissimis  vinculi-s  inearceravit  constrictum,  ubi  infi'a  paucos  dies  arctatus 
supra  modum  expiraxdt.  Sacerdos  autem  advocatis  ^■icinis,  cum  de  innocentia 
ipsius  juvenis  certiflearetur,  ipsum  corpusculum  super  sterquilinium  projectum 
per  biduum  et  fcetidum,  in  camiiterio  factis  utcumque  exequiis,  tumulavit. 
Contigit  autem  ut  post  triduum  illuc  transiret  WiUielmus  de  Bussey.  Audiens 
vero  qu<e  facta  fuerunt,  jussit  extrahi  corpus  a  tumulo  foetens  quatriduanum 
&  suspend!  patibulo.  Hajc  vero  omnia  &  his  similia  facta  sunt  sine  judicio, 
sed  non  sine  vdtione  a  Domino.  Uxor  autem  mortui  super  ha;c  conquesta 
prosequitur  mortuum,  &  Judex  justissimus  nequissimo  nunc  Judiei  facta  rependit 
iu  interitum." 

In  1280,  we  find  from  the  HuncU'ed  Rolls,  that  the  Rector, 
probably  Nicholas,  held  fifty  acres  of  land,  and  a  messuage 
containing  one  rood,  in  pure  and  perpetual  alms.' 

On  the  6th  of  February,  1341,  we  learn  that  Nicholas 
Drayton  had  leave  granted  him  to  hear  the  confessions  of  his 
parishioners.' 

'  Page  985  of  the  last  edition,  by  W.  Watts,  s.t.d.  1640. 

'  William  de  Valentia  was  the  uterine  brother  of  Henry  III.,  and  W.  de  Bussey,  his 
seneschal  and  principal  counsellor,  "  cujus  sceiera  si  plene  describerentur,  speciales  exigerent 
tractatus."— Mat.  Par.  p.  984.  '  Hot.  Hund.   8  Edw.  I.  '   Cole,  .\xiii.  46. 


TUUMPINGTON.  45 


On  the  9tli  of  the  kalends  of  June,  1346,  the  church-yaid, 
■which  is  stated  to  have  been  "  sanguinis  effusione  poUutum," 
was  reconciled  by  Bishop  dc  Insula ;  who,  as  an  act  of  special 
favour,  received  only  fixe  maixs  for  so  doing,  though  he  might 
have  demanded  one  hundred  shillings  for  this  service.' 

John  Punche,  Vicar,  was  in  1377  summoned  before  the 
Consistory  Court  of  Ely,  and  suspended,  for  not  taking  care 
to  administer  the  Sacraments  to  his  parishioners  in  due  form, 
and  for  contemptuously  refusing  to  carry  out  the  order  of  the 
Court.     After\\ards  however  he  submitted,  and  was  restored.' 

There  is  another  entry  to  somewhat  the  same  effect,  in  the 

Registrwm  Consist.  Ellens,  fo.  162.  a.  which  states  that 

"Johannes  Viearius  Ecclie  de  Triuupinton,  al  excommuiiieafus  et  denuu- 
ciatus  it'rateque  citatus  ad  respondend,  quare  non  dcbeat  inhiberi  Coioe 
fidelium,  non  comparuit :  idco  reputamus  ipsum  contumacem  et  inhibemus 
sibi  Communionem."* 

In  the  Register  of  Bishop  Thomas  de  Arundel,  under  the 
year  1380,  we  find  from  the  following  entry  that  leave  was 
granted  to  the  Convent  to  lease  out  the  Church  of  Trumpington 
to  Barnwell  Abbey  for  five  years. 

"  1380,  30  Mai.  Conces.  lie.  Prior'e  et  Monialibus  de  Halywell,  Eceliam 
de  Ti'umpynton  dimitteudi  ad  finnani  Priori  et  Convontui  do  Bernewell  p 
quinquennium.'" 

In  1595,  Mr.  Provide  was  rated  for  his  Vicarage  of  Trum- 
pington to  find  jointly  with  the  Vicar  of  Grantchester  one 
Pike  furnished.  And  in  1G09,  Mr.  Kitchen  was  rated,  with 
the  Vicars  of  Grantchester  and  Haselingfield,  to  find  one  pair 
of  Curols,  with  a  Pike  furnished. 

March  5,  1643,  the  fanatic  Dowsing  paid  his  sacrilegious 
visit  to  this  Church ;  upon  which  there  occurs  the  following 
entry  in  his  journal ;  '■  W(>  break  down  3  superstitious  pictures, 
and  ordered  Mr.  Thompson  to  level  the  steps,  but  he  refused." 
M'hcther  any  attempt  was  made  to  enforce  this  order  we  know 


'  Reg.  de  Insula.  "  Cole,  xli.  61.     Ucg.  Consist,  fo.  HO,  3. 

*  Cole,  xli.  ion.  »  Reg.  Arundel. 


46  CHURCHES   OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


not ;  at  any  rate  the  steps,  if  then  destroyed,  were  subsequently 
restored,  and  exist  at  the  present  day;  the  superstitious  pic- 
tures, that  is  most  probably  the  painted  windows  of  the  Chancel, 
bear  sadly  evident  marks  of  Puritanic  violence. 

In  1676,  we  learn  that  the  inhabitants  were  135,  no  re- 
cusants, and  4  Dissenters.  At  the  Visitation  in  1728,  the 
entry  was, 

"  Vicarage  near  £200  per  an.  Trinity  College,  Patron :  Dr.  Hackett, 
'X'^icar ;  Herb.  Thornclike  gave  the  lease  of  the  Tithes,  with  a  particular  dii'ec- 
tlon  upon  the  Vicar  always  to  reside;  Families,  62;  Souls,  372;  9  Independents: 
a  new  House ;  a  charity  School,  £6  per  an.;  Alms  House  for  .3  women ;  20.?.  to 
repair  the  Footway  to  the  Church.     £3  for  cloathing  8  Boys." 

Of  Dr.  Hackett  above-mentioned  Cole  has  the  following 
note,"  which  is  a  good  specimen  of  the  petty  tittle-tattle  of 
which  this  great  scandal-monger  was  so  fond. 

"  Dr.  Hacket  quitted  tliis  Place  on  a  Quarrel  with  liim  &  Mr.  Porter 
Thompson,  whom  he  got  Dr.  Bentley  to  expel  from  Trinity  College,  where 
he  was  FeUow-Comoner,  upon  an  idle  frivolous  affair :  &  Mr.  Thompson  in 
return  insisted  upon  his  Residence  here,  w'^''  not  suiting  with  Dr.  Hacket, 
ye  concerns  of  a  Parish  being  ye  last  in  his  Thoughts,  he  resign'd  it." 

Dr.  Hacket  died  in  1745,  Rector  of  Pakenham;  he  was 
grandson  to  Bishop  Hacket,  of  Lichfield. 

The  population  at  the  census  of  1841  was  750 ;  the  number 
of  acres  in  the  parish  about  2200. 

The  oldest  Parish  Register  commences  with  the  year  1671. 
It  contains  little  of  interest:  a  Hst  of  successive  Vicars  ii'om 
1638 ;  a  list  of  collections  made  in  the  church  on  sundry  briefs, 
oftenest  for  losses  by  fire ;  and  a  few  special  cases  of  damage, 
as  "for  loss  by  an  earthquake  at  Kettlewell,  in  Yorkshire, 
0.  04.  41.  Aug.  5,  1688;"  "from  filing  and  pillaging  by  French 
Privateers,  at  Druridge,  Northumberland,  Sept.  25,  1692;"  and 
for  relief  of  captives  at  Algiers. 

There  was  a  Chapel,  dedicated  to  S.  Anne,  in 

chapel. 

the  street  of  Trumpington,  which  in  1399  had  a 
serving  Chaplain,  and  a  Hermit,  who  in  1280  held  seven  acres 

»  Cole,  viii.  53. 


TRUMPINGTON.  47 


of  land  in  Madingley,  at  9d.  a  year.'  The  Chapel  and  the 
Common  Road  between  Cambridij^e  and  Trumpinj^ton  were 
repaired  by  Indulgencies  granted  by  the  Bishop  of  Ely." 


Is  a  uniform  and  beautiful  specimen  of  rather  early  Decorated 
architecture,  erected  probably  in  the  latter  part  of  the  reign 
of  Edward  II."  It  is  spoken  of  by  Mr.  Rickman  in  high  terms 
of  admiration,  and  is  deservedly  considered  to  be  equal,  if  not 
superior,  to  any  of  coeval  date  in  the  County.  The  original 
plan,  consisting  of  a  Chancel,  Nave,  two  Aisles,  with  North 
and  South  Chapels  respectively,  and  western  Tower,  remains 
uninjured  by  any  subsequent  adcUtions,  repaii-s,  or  even  muti- 
lations of  importance,  if  we  except  the  demolition  of  a  Chantry 
or  Sacristy  on  the  north  side  of  the  Chancel,  and  the  de- 
struction of  the  noble  high-pitched  roof  of  the  Nave,  which 
is  she^vn  by  the  weather-mould  on  the  Tower  to  have  formerly 
been  of  most  imposing  proportions.  It  is  probable  also  that 
the  Tower  origmally  had  a  wooden  spire  covered  with  lead ; 
for  though  no  vestiges  of  it  can  now  be  traced,  it  may  safely 
be  asserted  as  a  general  ride,  that  aU  Towers,  previously  to 
the  decline  of  architectiu'e  in  the  fifteenth  century,  were 
furnished  with  a  termination  which  must  be  regarded  as 
essential  to  the  fuU  development  of  the  principles  of  the 
pointed  style.' 

'  Rot.  Hund.  8  Edw.  I.  "    lilomcfield's  Collect,  p.  235. 

°  As  mention  is  made  of  a  church  before  this  time,  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  present 
structure  superseded  one  of  earlier  date.  The  only  remains,  however,  that  we  can  discover  of 
this  previous  building,  consist  of  the  base  of  the  S.W.  nave-pier,  which  is  evidently  Karly- 
English,  and  never  belonged  to  the  column  it  now  supports. 

'  We  are  aware  that  on  this  subject  dillerence  of  opinion  exists;  but  we  entirely  agree  with 
Mr.  Pugin,  that  Towers  of  the  Early- English  and  Decorated  styles  were  always  intended  at 
least  to  have  spires.  The  absence  of  them  now  proves  nothing,  because  they  were  in  many 
cases,  even  in  Cathedrals,  of  wood,  covered  with  lead  or  shingles.  The  decay  of  the  material, 
and  the  cupidity  of  church  destroyers,  sufficiently  accounts  for  so  few  of  the  original  spires 


48  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

The  Chancel  is  a  very  finely-proportioned  struc- 
ture,  39  feet  long  by  16  wide.  The  east  window 
consists  of  five  trefoliated  lights,  and  has  elaborate  and  rather 
curious  geometric  tracery,  composed  of  quatrefoils  at  the  top, 
a  series  of  trefoils  next  below,  and  one  of  cinquefoiled  triangles 
immediately  above  the  heads  of  the  lights.  The  inside  is 
furnished  with  jamb-shafts,  and  above,  externally,  is  a  gable 
light,  consisting  of  a  quatrefoiled  circle.  Of  the  gable-cross 
the  saddle-stone  alone  remains.  The  roof  is  high-jiitched, 
but  modern,  internally  at  least,  where  it  is  neatly  groined 
with  wooden  ribs,  and  cieled  in  the  interstices.  The  piscina 
is  double,  and  very  beautiful  in  its  details:  the  plan  will 
best  be  understood  by  the  accompanying  engraving.  The 
cill  of  the  south-eastern  Avindow,  which  is  of  three  plain  inter- 
secting lights,  is  carried  down  nearly  to  the  ground,  and  if 
in  its  original  condition,  which  is  very  doubtful,  probably 
served  the  purpose  of  Sedilia.  The  next  window  on  the 
south  side  contains  the  whole  of  its  ancient  stained  glass, 
a  very  valuable  and  beautiful  specimen  of  Decorated  design. 
The  ground  is  a  mosaic  pattern,  with  a  blue  border  orna- 
mented with  oak  leaves ;  in  the  centre,  under  rich  canopies, 
are  figures  of  SS.  Peter  and  Paul;  and  in  the  large  trefoil 
which  forms  the  head  of  the  window  are  three  leopards  con- 
joined. Underneath  this  window  is  seen  externally  a  low 
mutilated  recess,  probably  the  Founder's  tomb ;  and  it  is  not 
impossible  that  the  composition  of  the  window  has  some 
reference  thereto,  although  it  is  evident,  from  considerable 
fragments  yet  preserved  in  the  east  window,  that  more  stained 
glass  of  similar  details  originally  adorned  the  Church.  In 
the  western  bay,  to  the  south,  is  a  very  small  priest's  door, 


remaining  at  the  present  day.  The  subject  is  one  of  great  importance  in  reference  to  modern 
designs,  for  which  reason  we  take  tlie  present  opportunity  of  recording  our  deliberate  opinion, 
that  an  early  Tower  without  a  spire  is  a  solecism.  [The  above  was  written  before  the  verses 
quoted  in  p.  31  came  to  our  notice.  These  seem  to  place  the  truth  of  our  conjecture  beyond 
a  doubt,  since  the  resemblance  of  a  spire  to  the  sheath  of  a  knife  is  at  once  intelligible.] 


TRUMPINGTON. 


49 


measuring  only  2  feet  wide  by  5i  liiyh ;  and  immediately 
over  it  is  a  third  window,  of  the  same  design  as  the  last. 
To  the  west  of  it,  internally,  is  a  recess,  apparently  con- 
nected with  that  unexplained  arrangement  called  by  the 
Cambridge  Camden  Society  the  Lychnoscope.'  The  north 
wall  contams  a  blocked  doorway  into  the  Sacristy,  and  t^\■o 
windows  corresponding  to  those  on  the  south.  Of  the  Hood- 
screen  the  lower  panels  alone  remain,  forming  the  side  of 
a  pue.  The  Chanccl-arch  springs  out  of  the  wall  on  each 
side,  but  is  too  plain  to  need  a  more  particular  description, 
especially  as  it  is  shewn  in  the  engraving  of  the  Interior. 


Chancel  Piscina. 


'  See  some  interesting  and  curious  remarks  on  this  arrangement  in  a  note  in  p.  04  of 
tlie  "  Introductory  Essay"  prefixed  to  the  recent  Translation  of  the  First  Book  of  Durandus. 
(Green,  Leeds.) 

H 


50  CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


Nave. 


Nothing  can  be  finer  of  its  kind  than  a  view 
from  either  of  the  Chapels,  looking  towards  the 
west,  of  this  noble  building.  The  slender  but  lofty  complex 
piers,  the  graceful  equilateral  arches,  with  capitals  and  archi- 
volts  exquisitely  moulded,  the  dimly-lighted  clerestory^  of 
quatrefoiled  circles  on  the  north  and  trefoiled  lancets  on  the 
south  side,  the  grouping  of  the  piers,  and  the  windows  in 
the  distance  beyond,  of  the  opposite  Chapel  in  one  direction, 
and  the  lofty  and  deeply-moulded  Belfry-arch  in  the  other, 
combine  to  produce  a  variety  and  harmony  of  effect  such  as 
is  seldom  found  in  ancient  churches  of  this  size.  The  strik- 
ingly fine  proportions  and  delicate  execution  and  detail  of 
the  piers  and  arches  are  indeed  sufficient  to  excite  the 
admiration  of  every  beholder ;  and  were  the  eye  not  arrested, 
as  it  unhappily  is,  by  the  almost  flat  termination  of  a  modern 
roof,  instead  of  losing  itself  in  the  lofty  and  sombre  space 
between  the  open  rafters,  of  which  we  may  assume  that  the 
original  one  was  composed,  the  effect  would  be  imposing  in 
the  extreme.  The  length  of  the  Nave  is  57  feet  by  20  wide, 
affording  a  space  of  about  9  feet  for  the  span  of  the  arches, 
of  which  there  are  five  on  each  side. 

The  Aisles  are  each  pierced  with  three  beautiful 

windows  of  three  lights,  all  of  them  original,  and 

but  little  injured  by  time  or  violence.     The  tracery  is  good, 

though  rather  heavily  wrought:   those  at  the  east    end  have 

disengaged  cinquefoiled  lights,  while  those  in  the  side  walls 

'  It  may  be  remarked,  that  clerestories  are  of  very  uncommon  occurrence  in  parochial 
churches  of  the  fourteenth  century,  and  in  the  Early-English  style  were  almost  unknown. 
Bourn  church,  however,  atTords  an  example  of  the  latter,  and  Elsworth  and  Bottisham,  all  in 
Cambridgeshire,  of  the  former.  The  first  two  are  low,  and  lighted  by  foliated  circles.  A 
Norman  clerestory  occurs  atSteyning,  Sussex,  Goring,  Oxfordshire,  and  S.WooUos,  Monmouth- 
shire. It  was  very  common  in  the  fifteenth  century  to  remove  the  original  high-pitched  roof 
and  surmount  a  superadded  clerestory  with  a  low  one,  preserving  the  same  ridge-line  as  before. 
This,  for  example,  has  been  done  at  Chesterton  and  Fen-Ditton,  where  the  old  weather-mould 
may  still  be  seen.  The  lancet-lighled  clerestories  in  modern  Early-English  designs  can  scarcely 
be  defended  by  ancient  practice.  There  are  instances,  however,  at  Bosbury,  Herefordshire, 
Salehurst,  Sussex,  and  S.  James,  Deeping,  Lincolnshire.  We  must  not  omit  to  quote  the 
remark  of  Mr.  Rickman,  that  the  clerestory  lights  in  Trumpington  church  are  over  the  piers, 
and  not,  as  usual,  over  the  arches. 


TRUMPINGTON.  51 


and  those  in  the  Chapels  alternately  consist  of  intersecting 
foliated  lines  continued  from  the  mullions,  and  of  tliat  form 
which  may  be  conveniently  designated  as  /icf-trarcri/,  i.  e.  a 
series  of  foliated  loops,  not  inilike  the  extended  mcslies  of 
a  net.  The  proportions  are  about  7  feet  Avide  by  14  liigli. 
They  are  all  furnished  internally  with  jamb-shafts,  having 
elaborate  capitals  and  bases.  Tlie  window  arches  are  nearly 
equilateral. 

The  Chapels  are  coeval  with  the  rest  of  the 

Chapels. 

Church.  Their  arrangement  will  readily  be  under- 
stood by  a  reference  to  the  ground-plan.  They  ojien  into 
the  Aisles  by  two  arches,  which  spring  from  piers  different 
in  design  from  those  in  the  Nave,  and  the  eastern  of  which 
in  the  north  Chapel  is  filled  with  a  beautiful  Decorated  ogee 
arch,  with  double-feathered  ciuquefoiled  cusping,  forming  a 
cano^jy  to  a  liigh  tomb,  on  which,  infixed  in  a  slab  of 
Purbeck  marble,  Ues  a  full-sized  mailed  effigy  in  brass,  (well 
known  to  Ecclesiologists  as  being  at  once  one  of  the  oldest 
as  well  as  of  the  finest  and  most  perfect  in  the  kingdom,) 
of  Sir  Roger  de  Trumpington,  who  died  in  1280.^  For  an 
account  and  engraving  of  it  we  must  refer  to  the  Bfotnnnenfal 
Brasses  of  the  Cambridge  Camden  Society,  Part  ii.  p.  65, 
where  a  vignette  of  the  tomb  is  also  given.  A  correct  idea 
of  it  may  be  formed  from  the  side  view  obtained  in  our 
engraAuig.  Round  both  the  Chapels  and  the  Aisles  a  triply- 
moulded  string  is  carried  underneath  the  windows,  and 
brought  with  fantastick  inequality  over  a  doorway  opening 
into  the  north  porch  in  the  western  wall  of  the  former.  A 
corresponding  square-edged  string,  or  rather  weathering,  is 
carried  round  the  outside  so  as  to  embrace  the  buttresses, 
which  are  aU  of  bold  but  simple  design,  consisting  of  two 
stages,  Avith  plain  sloping  heads  and  set-offs. 


'  It   may  be   questioned  whether  this  Brass  was  not  originally  laid  down  in  ihe  earlier 
Church,  since  the  slyle  of  the  canopy  .ind  tomh  is  mncli  later  than  that  of  ihe  armour. 


52 


CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


The  south  Chapel  is  used  as  a  school-room,  and  is  some- 
what mutilated  and  disfigured  from  this  and  other  causes. 
There   is    an    elegant   little    Piscina    in  the    south  wall,    and 


chantry  Piscina. 


Font. 


part  of  the  eastern  pier  has  been  cut  away,  perhaps  for  a 
screen  or  other  appurtenance  to  the  Chantry  Altar.  In  the 
south  Aisle  there  were  tUl  lately  several  coped  coffin  lids 
with  floriated  crosses,  but  these,  one  only  excepted,  have  now 
disappeared. 

The  Font  is  of  good  Perpendicular  character, 
octagonal,  having  sunken  panels  -with,  roses  and 
shields.^  It  stands  imder  a  western  gallery,  Avhich  partially 
hides  both  it  and  the  noble  Belfry-arch,  with  its  curious 
stilted  bases.  With  this  solitary  exception,  the  interior  ar- 
rangements of  the  Church  are  creditable,  the  greater  part  of 
the  Nave  being  fitted  with  open  seats,  and  only  a  few  of 
the  pues  bemg  of  undue  or  offiensive  prominence. 


*  A  particular  description  is  deemed   unnecessary,  as  an  excellent  model  of  it  may  be 
obtained  in  Cambridge,  and  it  has  before  been  engraved. 


TRUMPINGTON. 


53 


There  are  two  Porches,  in  the  usual  position 
north  and  south,  and  immediately  opposite  to  each 
other.  The  southern  one  has,  however,  been  nearly  destroyed. 
The  mouldings  of  the  inner  doorways  are  continuous,  and  finely 
worked,  but  being  of  cluncli  arc  a  good  deal  decayed.  Of 
this  material  much  of  the  internal  masonry  is  composed,  and 
it  has  retained  throughout,  unimpaired  by  time,  the  finest 
touches  of  the  chisel. 

The  Tower  is  a  good  though  not  highly  enriched 
composition.  Internally  it  is  built  of  finely  squared 
and  jointed  clunch',  and  externally,  in  part  at  least,  of  Barnack 
stone ;  though  the  whole  of  the  exterior  of  the  Chiuxh  is  so 
covered  with  cement,  that  the  stone-work  can  only  here  and 
there  be  seen.     The  western  doorway  is  singularly  fine,  having 


Tower. 


West  Door,   intcrnallj'. 


■'  No  one  can  have  failed  to  observe  how  sehlom  the  ancient  Gothick  architects  used  cither 
large  stones  or  fine  joints  in  their  masonry.  To  find  this  peculiarity  at  a  time  when  no  cost 
was  spared,  and  when  the  extreme  delicacy  of  workmanship  in  minor  details  was  unsuq)as5ed 


5i 


CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIKE. 


very  deep  and  bold  continuous  mouldings.  Inside,  the  pointed 
arch  is  surmounted  by  a  segmental  hood,  supported  on  slender 
shafts.  Above  is  a  fine  window  of  three  Hghts,  lately  restored 
it)  cement,  and  having  both  the  side  lights  disfigured  by  a 
modern  transom.  The  various  stages  of  the  Tower  are  or- 
namented with  single  lancet  -windows,  with  variously  foliated 
heads.  The  Belfry-windows  are  plain,  of  two  lights,  and  the 
parapet  is  surmounted  by  a  battlement."  We  must  not  omit 
to  mention  a  very  singular  recess  in  the  lower  part  of  the 
northern  wall  of  the  Tower.     It  is  a  small  niche,  formed  in 


Sance-Bell  Recess. 


by  that  of  any  otber  age,  is  to  convince  us  that  it  was  not  destitute  of  a  sound  practical  reason. 
Modern  builders  boast  of  their  superior  skill  and  greater  neatness  of  workmanship  in  these  two 
respects.  Compare  for  example  the  new  buildings  of  King's,  S.  John's,  and  Downing  Colleges, 
with  any  ancient  building,  collegiate  or  ecclesiastical,  and  we  shall  see  the  most  striking  diffe- 
rence in  the  respective  styles  of  masonry.  The  modern  buildings  are  constructed  of  very  large 
squared  stones,  with  joints  of  almost  imperceptible  fineness  ;  the  ancient,  of  hammer- dressed 


THUMPING  TON.  55 


the  thickness  of  the  wall,  ami  tmnini>'  westward  with  an  arched 
head.  It  is  entered  by  a  narrow  doorway  about  6  feet  high, 
and  is  only  large  enough  to  contain  one  person  within  it. 
This  recess  is  popidarly  and  traditionally  called  the  CDiifessioiutl; 
and  a  narrow  slit,  now  blocked  with  bricks,  but  formerly  open- 
ing into  the  Tower,  is  thought  to  have  been  intended  for  oral 
commimication  between  the  penitent   and  the  priest  within. 

aslilar  with  mortar  a  quarter  of  an  incli  thick  between  every  joint.  Downing  College  has  now 
scarcely  five  square  yards  of  masonry  entire  ;  everywlicre  tlic  liuge  stones  are  rent  and 
disjointed  by  the  settlement  of  the  foundations.  In  the  new  buildings  of  S.  .lolin's  by  far  the 
greater  part  of  the  monolith  window-sills  are  split  into  two,  and  in  several  places  the  stones 
have  started  or  been  shattered  from  the  same  cause.  The  ancient  masonry  seems  to  have  been 
designed  to  take  into  account  those  trifling  settlements  which  are  almost  unavoidable,  and 
which  for  the  most  part  take  place  shortly  after  the  erection  of  a  building,  often  before  the 
mortar  has  become  bard.  It  is  remarkable  that  the  Tower  of  Trumpington  has  sufTered  much 
internally  by  the  disruption  of  the  j?ne-_;o/Hie<i  stones  from  settlements.  The  attention  of  architects 
should  be  directed  to  this  subject;  because,  if  we  mistake  not,  the  ancient  bad  three  important 
advantages  over  the  modern  masonry,  viz.  (I)  a  much  better  appearance  ;  (2)  greater  cohe- 
siveness  ;  (3)  it  cost  one-third  less.  We  are  aware  that  some  late  Gothick  buildings,  as  King's 
College  chapel,  violated  (and  with  impunity)  the  more  ancient  princijde  ;  and  on  the  other 
hand,  that  many  edifices  built  on  the  old  system  have  suffered  from  settlements.  We  speak,  of 
course,  only  of  general  practice. 

"  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  these  arc  later  in  date  than  the  Tower.  In  the  fifteenth,  and 
especially  at  the  beginning  of  the  sixteenth  century,  a  vast  number  of  ancient  churches  were 
spoilt  by  the  addition  of  this  singularly  inappropriate,  because  strictly  speaking  castellated  and 
defensive,  termination.  When  the  old  wooden  spires  were  pulled  down,  and  the  high  roofs 
removed  for  flat  clerestories,  the  old  parapets  and  blocking-courses  were  generally  sacrificed  for 
the  favourite  ornament  of  the  Debased  period,  battlements.  The  bad  efTect  of  every  parapet  in 
a  church  being  thus  finished,  is  well  exemplified  by  the  church  at  Great  Shelford.  When  a 
church  is  as  completely  covered  with  them  as  this,  it  may  generally  be  referred  to  the  Tudor 
period.  A  question  of  much  interest  and  difficulty  arises  as  to  the  period  at  which  battlements 
were  first  used  in  ecclesiastical  buildings.  We  should  only  be  recording  the  confident  opinion 
of  one  of  the  first  authorities  of  the  day,  were  we  to  deny  their  introduction  in  the  parapets  of 
churches  till  the  fifteenth  century.  Some  few  examples  however  have  come  to  our  knowledge 
of  miquestioimbhj  Decorated  date.  We  may  mention  the  Porch  at  Over,  Cambridgeshire,  the 
rich  and  beautiful  Chapel  at  Northborough,  Northamptonshire,  and  the  Tower  of  Oakingtoa 
church,  near  Cambridge.  There  are  examples,  supposed  to  he  very  early,  at  the  east  end  of 
Salisbury  cathedral.  Those  at  Oakington  appear,  from  the  closest  examination,  to  be  coeval 
with  the  Tower,  which  is  very  Early  Decorated.  They  are  extremely  simple,  and  have  no 
mouldings  down  the  sides  of  the  embrasures,  as  is  usually  the  case  in  the  earliest  examples. 
From  the  evidence  of  early  manuscripts  and  illuminations,  we  should  infer  the  ordinary  use  of 
battlements  in  churches  even  of  the  Early  English  period.  If  however  we  consider  the  great 
inaccuracy  of  detail  and  composition  which  invariably  characterises  these  drawings,  and  the 
f^ct  that  everywhere  men  are  represented  in  armour^  we  shall  be  justified  in  concluding  that 
battlements  are  either  meant  for  a  fanciful  and  ornamental  termination,  or  that  they  were 
transferred  from  castellated  to  church  architecture  from  the  military  features  which  these 
paintings  usually  exhibit.  The  UcctUia  crcncUandi  granted  to  churches  in  King  Stephen's 
time  probably  only  refers  generally  to  certain  defensive  arrangements. 


56  CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

It  is  certain,  however,  that  this  recess,  which  is  coeval  with 
the  structure  of  the  Tower,  was  designed  for  the  reception 
of  the  person  employed  to  ring  the  Sance-bell;  as  a  small 
circular  hole  is  still  visible  in  the  roof  of  it,  and  the  side  of 
the  slit  within  the  Tower  is  deeply  cut  and  chafed  as  by  a 
rope  having  been  reeved  through  it. 

The  BeUs  bear  the  following  legends : — 

i.     <au(  rcgnat   et  unus  i3cus  lict  munus. 

ii.     ®ano  busta  mort  cum  pulptta  bibcrc  ticgi.     Omnia  fiant  aD  glorfam  iSci. 

T.  Eayre,  1749.  John  Hailes,  Thomas  Spencer,  Churchwardens. 

iii.     1723. 
iv.     "John   Barbell   made   me   1677.       Thomas   Allen   gave   me   a   treebell 

for  to  be." 
V.      « MC." 


^ 

^ 

5 

■f 

J 

*y 

^ 

•^ 

:.-      -:• 

1 

■7, 

3 

:i# 

^ 

^. 

"  -r'   \      '-'  - 

'f 

T^'^-'^ 

Belfry  Arch. 


Nave  Arches. 


Label,   AVest   Punr. 


Plan  ol'  Piers  ol'  Chapels. 


r!.i.i[i!!'IJl 


Arch    Mouldings   of  Inner  Donrways 
nf   Porfh.-s. 


T-Vest  Doorway. 


Base  of  S.-W.  Pier. 
(3  inch  to  I  foot.) 


.  ■■t>v\\.^-i/ 


Plan  of  East  Window,  Trumpington. 


Plan  of  Satice-'bell  Tecess 


Scale  i  fn^K  to  1  foot. 


CiU,  with  Mulhon  ajid  Jamb-sliaft. 


FA. P. 


Jtrttta2A4  Paimsr,J.\Chc  Ct^wn^rulff . 


•  Plan  of  Nave  Piers. 


Capitals  of  Window  Shafts. 


' -iiaiii" 


Jamb  Sliafls,   E,  Window. 


String,  Internal. 


|k, 


/. 


Label,    Sance-Bell 
Recess. 


Pier,   South  Chapel. 


Base  of  Pier.  Uelfrv  Arch. 


IF 


^ifi!ifl'?>, 


Base  of  Window  Shafts- 

F.    A.  P. 


Capital  of  Nave  Pier. 


Base  of  Nave  Pier. 


■  %i-gn  r'"-'^ 


j  I  r —   r-*^  ,  - 


-iT'T  TtomiS  Stevsn?oii,Ca(rabri3fi[e 


fj^f^ton  efttttcft* 


ISTON  is  a  rather  large  village,  situated 
in  the  Hundred  and  Deanery  of  Ches- 
terton, and  Archdeaconry  of  Ely,  about 
three  miles  due  north  of  Cambridge.  It 
formerly  comprised  two  distinct  Parishes 

and  Manors,  Avhich  have  long  since  been  united. 

Of  these  Parishes  we  shall  treat  separately;  and 

first  of  that  which  appears  always  to  have  held 

the  principal  rank. 


The   Cliurch. 


This  is  a  Vicarage,  in  the 
patronage  of  the  heirs  of 
T.  P.  Michell,  Esq.;  and  was  lately  re- 
turned to  the  Ecclesiastical  Commissioners, 
jointly  with  the  Vicarage  of  S.  Ethelreda,  as  of  the  yearly 
value  of  £400. 

In  Pope  Innocent's  Taxation,  a.d.  1255,  this 
Church  is  rated  at  16  marks,  and  the  twentieths 
at  105.  8d.  The  Priors  of  Halle  and  BarnweU  at  that  time 
had  portions  amounting  to  2  marks  each.  In  the  Taxation 
of    Pope    Nicholas,    a.d.    1290,     its    value    is    set    down    as 

I 


Value. 


58  CHURCHES    OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

£17.  6s.  Sd.;  but  in  the  Archdeacon's  Book,  which  is  probably 
to  be  referred  to  about  the  year  1306,  it  stands  at  15  marks. 
At  that  time  it  payed  2s.  4cL  for  synodals,  12d.  for  procura- 
tions, and  2s.  for  Peter's  Pence.  In  1516,  the  same  sum 
was  paid  for  Peter's  Pence,  and  9|</.  for  Ely  Farthings.  In 
the  King's  Books  the  entry  is, 

'  Histon  Andree  vicar'  ^al  ...  vj       vij  iiijd 

Xma  xij  viiij      ob.  q. 

Cantaria  ib'm  valet xxvj*  viij'' 

Xma  ij*  viij'''' 

Fleetwood,  Bishop  of  Ely  from  1714  to  1723,  says,  that 
in  his  time  it  paid  5s.  for  procurations';  at  present  Is.  Id. 
is  paid  by  the  Vicar,  and  55.  by  the  Impropriator.'  It  brought 
also  a  'Pensio'  to  the  Archdeacon,  2s.*  In  1571,  the  Vicar 
paid  tythe  to  the  Crown,  xiis.  viii^/.  ii.  quad." 

Manors  aii'i  Colc"  tclls  US,  that  "  the  viUagcs  in  elder  tymes 

Advowsoii.  were  wholly  of  the  Fee  of  the  Bishop  of  Lincolne, 
and  had  only  two  Manors.  Henry  de  Cohalle  held  two  Knights' 
Fees  of  the  said  Bishop  in  1238';  and  the  Abbot  of  Eynesham 
oweth  Suite  and  Sheriff's  Aid;  and  there  belongeth  to  the 
Fee  of  the  said  Abbot  15  acres  gildable,  and  held  in  Soccage 
of  the  said  Bishop,  and  oweth  Pontage."  It  appears  fi'om 
the  Inquisitiones  temp.  Edtv.  I.,  that  John  de  Colevyle  then 
held  eleven  hides  of  meadow  land  and  pasture  there,  with 
the  Advowson  of  the  Church  of  S.  Andrew,  of  the  Fee  of 
the  Bisliop  of  Ely,  with  a  view  of  Frankpledge."  In  1344, 
Sir  Henry  Colville  presented';  and  in  1390,  Thomas  Haxey 
was  presented  by  Sir  William  de  Thorpe,  "  qui  fuit  attornatus 
dnor  Will.  Thornyng,  Johis  de  Bretton,  et  alior  ffeofator  in 
oibus  terris  et  Tenement '  suis."'  "He,"  says  Blomefield,  "was 
really  Patron,   though   he  could  not  present  without  a  letter 

'   Valor  Eccles.  v.  iii.  '  Cole  viii.  47.  '  MS.  170,  Cai.  Coll.  p.  25. 

'  See  MS.  170,  p.  153,  Cai.  Coll.     This  was  the  sum  due,  1533.     lb.  p.  1. 

=   MS.  170,  Cai.  Coll.  p.  \i:  '  Cole  xlviii.    168. 

'  Lib.  Feod.  Mil.  »  Cole  viii.  47.     Baker  xxviii.  204'. 

»  Mason,  MSS.  Gough,   No.  65.  '  Blomefield's  MSS.  Cough  Collect.  No.  349. 


S.  ANDREW,    IIISTON.  59 


of  attorney  from  his  Feoffees,  who  in  the  hvw  had  tlie  right 
repositecl  in  them."  Tlie  Advowson  would  appear  to  liave 
rcmain("d  in  the  same  liands  till  18i)'2;  in  which  year  license 
was  granted  to  Thomas  Tylncy  and  otliers,  to  grant  it  to  the 
Abbess  and  Convent  of  Denney,  which  had  been  founded  about 
fifty  years  previously  by  INIary  de  S.  Paul,  widow  of  Aymer 
de  ^'alence.  Earl  of  Pembroke,  foundress  of  Pembroke  Col- 
lege in  Cambridge.  In  the  Inquisitiones  facte  A°.  15  liic.  II., 
we  liave  the  entry,  "  Juratores  dicunt  quod  non  est  ad  damp- 
num  Regis  ....  si  Rex  concedat  Tho.  Tylney  et  aliis  quod 
ipsi  Maneriu  de  Histon  cum  Advoc'  Ecclie  ejusdem  ....  dare 
possint  Abbatisse  et  Conventui  de  Denney,  et  quod  man'  et 
advoc'  predicta  tenentur  de  Epo  Lincoln'  per  servic'  &  ij  food' 
militum."'  The  Nuns  however  do  not  appear  to  have  come 
into  possession  of  the  Rectory  before  1418,  when  we  learn 
from  the  Register  of  Bishop  Fordham^  that  tlie  Nuns  and 
their  Abbess,  Margery,  appearing  at  the  Bishop's  Manor  of 
Downham  by  their  Proctor,  Thomas  Lavenham,  and  the  Vicar 
appearing  in  person,  the  Rectory  was  granted  them  with  all 
its  privileges,  and  a  most  minute  arrangement  entered  into 
between  themselves  and  the  Vicar,  some  of  the  details  of 
which  are  very  curious,  and  well  deserving  of  examination. 
With  them  the  Advow^son  remained  until  the  Dissolution, 
when  it  was  conveyed  by  the  Crovvu  to  Sir  "N^'illiam  Bowyer, 
Knight,  Alderman  of  London.  Li  1561,  Mr.  John  Bowyer  was 
the  patron*;  and  in  1599,  '  William  Bowyer,  son  of  Francis 
Bowyer,  held  the  Rectorie  of  Histon- A.ndrew,  alias  Denney, 
in  Histon."  In  lfi62,  Thomas  Coke  presented  to  both  the 
Histons";  and  in  1695,  Sir  Thomas  Willis',  of  Fen  Ditton; 
in  1775,  Robert  Michell,  his  grandson,  was  the  patron\-  and 
the  patronage  still  is  in  this  family. 


'  Baker,  xxviii.  201.     Cole,  viii.47i  xlviii.  170.  '  Baker,  xxviii.  36. 

'  Bp.  Cox's  Visit.  An.  '  Cole,  xlviii.  17(1. 

'  Reg.  Wren.  17S.  '  Keg.  Patrick,  2S7.  "  Cole,  viii. 


60 


CHURCHES   OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


In  the  book  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely,  referred  to  above, 
is  the  following  catalogue  of  Church  ornaments ;  the  words 
in  brackets  are  in  a  later  hand  than  the  rest : 

Ecclia  Sci  Andree  de  Histon  non  ap'p'ata.  lit'  Rectore.  taxatr  ad  xv  marc, 
soluit  p  synod,  ij^.  iiiyl.  procur.  xijrf.  Den.  Sa  Pet'  ij.s.  ornamta  sunt  h.  iij. 
Missalia  bona,  duo  T'pia'.  iiij.  G'dalia^.  j  Manuale.  j  Legenda.  j  Antiph'.  iij 
psalt'ia.  ordiiuilo  bonu.  niartilog.  ij  pia  vestimtoi-.  cu  ptn  [et  alia  duo]  duo 
frontal,  calix  bonus,  pix'  eburn.  et  sub  s'rura.  iiij"'  phiole.  Vexilla.  crux  enea. 
(et  alia  lignea)  item  j  bonu  portiphoriti  de  done  Magri  Radl  de  Croperia 
quondam  Rectoris  Ecce  eiusde.  J.  calix  ex  collatione  eiusdem  et  ita  sunt  due 
ealices  iiij  suppellicia  et  duo  Ilocbete.  Collectar'.  unu  psalt'riu  cu  scorum 
Tunica  et  dahuatica.  due  cape  chori.  j  t'iblu.' 

The  following  list  of  Eectors  and  Vicars  is 
taken  principally  from  Mason  and  Cole,  though 
the  former  is  not  a  guide  who  can  always  be  depended  upon ; 
especially  as  he  seldom  or  ever  gives  any  authorities. 


Incumbents. 


Slntors. 


Ralph  de  Croperia 

Brice 

Giles  de  Barrington' 
J.  Noketh 
Nicholas  West 
John  Calstyn 

Roger 

Robert  de  Eltislee 
William  de  Selby 
Nicholas  Hethe,  ob. 
Thomas  Haxey 
John  Pechell,  ob. 
John  Lylye 


temp. 

Ric.  I.' 

13446 

1352S 

. 

1363* 

before  1377'' 

before 

1384^ 

1388? 6 

before 

13893 

1390' 

, 

1390' 

1399" 

^  Habet.  '   Tioperia.  ^  Gradalia.  ^  Tliuribulum.  *  Cole,  viii, 

*  "  Egidius  de  Barrington,  Rector  Ecclie  Sci  And.  de  Histon,  dat  Priori  et  Conventui 
Eliensi  quosdani  redditus  in  Lakenliytli."     Cole,  viii.  43. 

"  Mason,  Gough  Collect.   No.  52. 

'  Reg.  Consist.  Eliens.  fol.  SS,  b.     Cole,  xli.;  he  appears  as  Rector  in  13S1. 

»  Reg.  Consist,  fol.  17. 

'  On  the  1st  Oct.  13S9,  license  of  non-residence  for  three  years  was  granted  to  Nicholas 
Hethe:  he  died  in  1390.     Blomefield,  MSS.  Gough,  349. 

'   He  exchanged  with  Pechell  for  Lyndford,  Lincolnshire  Dioc.     Ibid. 

'   Ibid. 


S.  ANDREW,    HISTON.  61 


VitBK'. 


William  Baker 

. 

1418^ 

John  Mason 

before 

1447= 

John  CokotielJ,  ros. 

14.59 

John  Garthwayt 

14G4 

Riclianl  Mausoi',   ros. 

John  Kadclillo 

1477 

Thomas  Pellys,  res.^ 

Jolni  P(irye,  res. 

, 

1522 

Robert  Chekering 

, 

1535" 

John  Elwood 

, 

before 

locr 

—  Jackson     . 

before 

1595 

John  Slegg 

before 

1G38' 

J.  Ashley  signs  the  Reg 

ister 

1G53 

John  Ashlev 

, 

died 

1G945 

Thomas  Scaife 

, 

1695 

Thomas  Scaife 

buried  in 

1723 

John  Scail'e  signs  the  Register 

1735 

Edmund  Smith 

, 

1775 

Jk.  Sproiile 

1785 

T.  Edwards,  D.  D.  cxchangeil  with 

tlie  former 

1789 

Thojias  Penrdddocke 

MiCHELL 

. 

1823 

The  earliest  date  of  the  existing  Parish  Regis- 

Parish  Register.  ■         /%  -r 

ter  IS  1653.  It  seems  to  have  been  ill  kept:  the 
Vicar's  signature  rarely  appears.  Various  names,  two  or  three 
of  note,  are  recorded  in  the  ministrations  in  this  Cliurch. 

Among  the  foregoing  names,  there  is  none  that  demands 
any  particular  mention,  with  the  exception  of  John  Slegg,  of 
whom  we  find  the  following  remarkable  presentment  made 
at  Archbishop  Laud's  Visitation,  held  in  S.  Michael's  Church, 
in  Cambridge,  in  1638  : 

"Mr.  Jo.  Sk'gg  holdoth  two  Vicarages  upon  a  jirotended  union  (one  of 
y^  Churches  being  demolished  in  Q.  Elizabeth's  time),  but  Mr.  Slegg  never 
served  the  cure  himself  since  he  killed  the  man  at  Chesterton;  neither  hath 
he   procured   any  settled  Curate,   but   takes   all  the  profitts,  and  getts  young 

'  The  term  '  Cantarista'  is  used  in  place  of  Vicar  in  tlie  account  of  tlie  Visitation,  1539. 
MS.  Ixx.  Cai.  Coll.  .  Baker,  xxviii.  31). 

'  Commissary-General  to  the  Bishop  of  Ely  ;  he  resigned  on  being  presented  to  Heachain, 
in  Norfolk.  •  Presented  by  the  King. — Parkins'  MSS. 

'  Bp.  Cox's  Visitation  Articles.  '  Ryraer,  xviii.  S"9. 

'  Parish  Register,  whence  the  remainder  are  taken  ;  Carter's  Hist.  Camb.,  p.  223.  Cole,  viii. 


62  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHHIE. 


scholars  to  read  prayers'  and  preach,  sometimes  one  and  sometimes  another ; 
but  wlic'ther  Laymen  or  no  will  not  be  known,  because  the  Ch.  Wardens  dare 
not  displease  Mr.  Slegg,  and  not  long  since  a  mans  wife  there  lay  dead 
2  or  3  days,  and  no  one  could  be  gotten  to  bury  her."^ 

Philip  de  Colvilc,  son  of  Henry  de  Colvile, 
founded  a  Chantry  in  the  Church  of  S.  Andrew 
about  the  year  1280/  in  honour  of  S.  Mary  the  Virgin  and 
All  Saints,  Avhich  stands  rated  in  the  King's  Books  at  26s.  8d., 
paying  2s.  9d.  for  tenths ;  assigning  to  the  Chaplain  in  pure 
and  perpetual  alms  a  certain  messuage  in  the  village  of  Histon. 
The  Deed  of  Foundation,  which  is  to  be  found  in  the  Arch- 
deacon's Book  in  Caius  College  Library,'  is  rather  a  tedious 
document.  The  following  passages  which  we  have  selected 
from  it,  are  the  most  important  and  interesting : 

Noverint  universi  xpi  fideles  presentes  has  inspecturi  vel  audituri  quod  hec 
est  eonvencio  facta  inter  dnu  philippum  de  eoleuil  filiu  henrici  de  coleuile 
ex  una  parte  et  dnu  petru  de  gretton  capellanum  ex  altera  parte,  vz  quod 
predictus  phihppus  pro  salute  anime  sue  et  pro  aiabus  omnium  fidelium 
defunctorum  dedit  et  concessit  deo  et  beate  marie  et  omnibus  seis,  et  pre- 
dicto  petro  et  successoribus  suis  in  pura  et  perpetua  elemosina  totura  illud 

messuagium  quod  wiUus  de  la  march  quondam  tenuit  in  villa  de  histon ad 

divina  in  ecclesia  sancti  andree  de  histon  ad  altare  beate  marie  ejusdem  ecclesie 
per  se  vel  per  ydoneam  personam  secundum  formam  subscriptam  in  perpetuum 

celebranda viz.  quod  predictus  petrus  et  successores  sui  qualibet  tlie  dicat 

servicium  de  defiinctis  sc.  placebo  et  dirige,  et  cantabunt  vel  cantare  facient  in 
ipsa  ecclesia  pro  aiabus  predictis  et  pro  dicto  petro  quaUbet  die  dominica,  die 
lune,  die  martis,  et  die  mercurii  requiem,  die  jovis  de  sco  spiiitu,  die  veneris  de 
sea  cruce,  die  sabbati  de  gloriosa  vii-giue  maria,  et  si  aUquod  festum  intervenit 

fiat  servicium  de  festo  pro  aiabus  predictis,  et  pro  predicto  petro  a habenda  et 

teuenda reddendo  inde  annuatim  duo  archidiacono  eliensi  qui  pro  tempore 

fuerit,  ad  propriam  siuodum  post  festum  sci  michaeUs  celebratam,  sex  denarios 
pro  omnibus  que  aliquo  modo  de  predicto  messuagio exigi  possint,  salvo  pre- 
dicto servicio  et  predieta  cantaria.     Predictus  vero  philippus  et  heredes  sui  war- 

rantizabunt  defendent  et  acquietabunt omnia  predieta  contra  omnes  hommes, 

tam  christiauos  quam  jud£eos,et  dotes  de  omnibus  secularibus  demandis  predictum 

^  The  custom  of  Clergymen  going  from  Cambridge  to  perform  the  Sunday  Services  in  the 
churches  around  was  long  but  too  common.  See  Archbishop  Laud's  Troubles,  p.  5(j2.  In  this 
point  there  has  been  a  great  change  for  the  better. 

'  Baker,  vi.  323.  *  Mason, 

>  MSS.  Caius,  cciv.  209  —  15,  anil  in  clxx.  p.  182.     The  MS.  is  very  much  abbreviated. 


S.  ANDREW,    IIISTON. 


(1.'5 


servieium Et  ad  hec  omnia  et  singula  in  forma  predicta  facienda sub- 

jiciunt  so  tam  [H'edictiis  pliilippus (luam  predietus  pctrus potostati 

archidiaeoni   eliousis  (plod   possit   eos  oxconnuunicare   do    tlio    in    diom 

sine  aliqua  cause  eognitiono V'ult  otiani si  predietus  potrus 

deccsserit,     sou    in   roligionom   ingressus    fuerit,     sou    alitjuo    niodo    protlietani 

colebrationem  amiserit,   quod  idem  philippus possit  presontare  dno  arelii- 

diacono  infra  xl  dies  prosimos  scquentes  ydoneam  personam etsl  non 

pcrlieeat  oidom  ai-cliidiacono  statim  i)ost  illos,  &e. 

AVilliam   \'alc,   A'icar  of  S.  Ethelreda,  left  by 

liis  will,    dated    1491,    6s.  8d.    to   the   Church  of 

Andrew:    and   again  we   find  that,  Nov.  0,   1496,    a    ccr- 


Benefaclioiis. 


tain  Henry  Money  gave  one  acre  of  arable  land,  for  ever, 
to  the  fabrick  of  the  Church ;  besides  another  acre  left  to 
Impington.  for  the  celebration  of  a  perpetual  Obit. 

John  Knight,  Rector  of  Croxton  in  1503,  left  money  to 
provide  the  light  of  '  our  Lady'  to  burn  for  ever  before  the 
Rood  in  this  Church. ° 

Mrs.  Sindrey  left  £26  to  be  given  to  the  poor,  according 
to  the  discretion  of  the  INIinister  and  Churchwardens. 

Samuel  Pont  gave  three  roods  of  land  to  buy  turf  for  the 
poor. 

At  this  place  is  one  of  the  five  Schools,  founded  by  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Marsh',  of  Fulbourn,  (who  died  in  1722,}  to  educate 
freely  the  poor.  She  endowed  her  foundation  Avith  lands 
which  now  produce  £100  a-year:  the  land  is  in  Oakington 
parish.  The  Minister,  Churchwardens,  and  Overseers  are  the 
electors  and  governors :  but  the  appointment  of  the  master 
is  in  the  hands  of  trustees.  The  school  was  long  held  in 
the  Chiuxh;  but  a  neat  building  has  lately  been  erected  for 
the  purpose.  The  income  is  now  about  £18,  but  will  be 
considerably  increased  when  the  debt  for  enclosure  is  cleared. 

The  Church  Lands  amounted  to  11a.  1r.  22p.  in  lliston 
parish,  and  17a.  2r.  19r.  in  Cliesterton,  before  the  enclosure; 
the  proceeds  will  soon  be  about  £40  a-year. 

'  Blomefield's  Lib.  Transcrip.,  i.  9. 

'  See  the  inscription  on  her  monument.     Blumefield  Collect,  p.  42. 


64  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


This  Churcli,  which  stood  about  a  furlong  to  the  west  of 
S.  Andrew's,  is  likewise  a  Vicarage.  In  the  presentment  of 
Archbishop  Laud,  quoted  above,  the  union  of  the  two 
churches  is  styled  a  pretended  one ;  but  Baker  tells  us  that 
"the  two  Churches  of  Histon  were  united  Jan.  28,  1588,*" 
and  quotes  ^\liitgift's  Register  in  proof  of  his  assertion. 
However,  the  union  appears  not  to  have  taken  eifect  imme- 
diately, as,  in  1595,  we  find  that  Mr.  Jackson  was  the  incum- 
bent of  S.  Andrew's,  and  Mr.  Harrison  of  S.  Ethelreda's' ;  but 
fom-teen  years  afterwards,  Mr.  Jackson  appears  as  Vicar  of 
both  the  Churches';  since  wliich  time  they  seem  to  have 
been  always  united.  The  Church  was  sacrilegiously  demo- 
lished about  the  year  1600  by  Sir  Francis  Hinde,  (who  was 
then  possessed  of  the  Manor,  Rectory,  and  Advowson  of  the 
Vicarage  of  this  Parish,)  and  the  materials  used  to  erect  his 
mansion  at  Madingley.  Of  that  shameless  act  Ave  find  this 
notice  in  Archbishop  Laud's  "  Annual  Account  of  his  Province 
to  the  King"  for   the  year   1639,'   with  his  Majesty's  remark 

upon  it  : 

"  It  was  likewise  presented  to  the  Bishop,  that  about  forty  years  ago,  one 
Sir  Francis  Hinde  did  pull  down  the  Church  of  S.  Ethelred,  in  Histon,  to  which 
then  appertained  a  Vicarage  presentative,  and  forc'd  the  Parishioners  to  thrust 
themselves  upon  another  small  Church  in  tlie  said  town,  to  the  great  wTong  of 
the  Parisliioners  thereof.  And  that  the  lead,  timber,  stones,  beUs,  and  all  other 
materials,  were  sold  away  by  hmi,  or  employed  to  the  building  of  his  house  at 
Madingley.  And  that,  now  it  is  called  in  question,  the  people  (not  being  able  of 
themselves  to  re-edifle  the  Church)  can  get  no  redress  against  the  descendant 
from  the  said  Sir  Francis,  because  the  heii-  was  a  chUd,  and  in  wardsliip  to 
your  Majesty." 

'  Baker,  vol.  xxviii.  p.  204. 

'  1595.  "  Mr.  Jackson,  rated  for  his  Vicarage  of  Histon  Andrew's,  to  find  one  pike 
furnished."  "  Mr.  Harrison,  rated  for  his  Vicarage  of  Histon  S.  Etlielreda,  (jointly  with  the 
Vicar  of  Iinpington),  to  find  one  pike  furnished."     Cole,  viii.  47. 

'  1609.  "  Mr.  Jackson,  rated  for  his  Vicarage  of  Histon  Andrew's,  and  Histon  Ethelred, 
(jointly  with  the  Vicar  of  Orwell,)  to  find  a  pair  of  curols  with  a  pike  furnished."  Cole, 
viii.  47.  *  Archbishop  Laud's  Troubles,  fol.  p.  562. 


We  can  have  little  doubt  what  tlie  result  of  tlic  zealous 
interference  of  the  King  and  tht;  Archbislu)]i  in  tliis  matter 
would  have  been,  had  not  the  danger  which  then  threatened 
the  very  existence  both  of  Church  and  State  made  it  luues- 
sary  to  overlook  matters  of  comparatively  minor  consideration. 
In  the  Taxation  of  1255,  the  Church  of  S. 
Ethelreda  (or  Histon  Abbats,  as  it  was  also  termed) 
stands  rated  at  20  marks,  and  in  the  Vents  Valor  of  1291,  the 
entry  is  "  Ecclia  de  Hyston  Abbis  20"  0  0,  Vic.  4"  6  8."  In 
the  Archdeacon's  Book  (about  1306)  it  is  taxed  at  24  marks, 
which  is  altered  by  a  later  hand  into  20.^  In  the  King's  Books 
it  stands  at  £1  16s.  2d.,  and  in  1728  was  of  the  value  of  £20.' 

In  1306,  2.9.  4(1.  was  paid  for  synodals,  ISd.  for  procurations, 
and  for  Peter's  Pence  2*.  In  1516  the  same  sum  was  paid  for 
Peter's  Pence  and  procurations,  14^7.  for  synodals,  18(1.  for  Ely 
Farthings,  and  a  '  pensio'  to  the  Archdeacon  of  Ely,  64.''  In 
1571,  the  Vicar  paid  tithe  to  the  Crown,  xv.v.  vii(/.  ii.  (/i(ad. 
In  Fleetwood's  time  the  procuration  stood  at  2s.  8d.,  the  Vicar 
paying   I.*.  Id.'' 

This  Church  was  very  early  appropriated  to 
the  Abbey  of  Eynsham,  in  Oxfordshire :  the  exact 
date  we  have  not  been  able  to  discover ;  but  we  find  from  the 
Inquisitiones  temp.  JEdic.  I.,  that  they  then  held  the  Church  of 
S.  Ethelreda  "in  proprios  usus,"  together  with  15  hides  of 
land,'  an  annual  payment  being  reserved  to  the  Bishop  of  Ely 
of  35.  id.  at  INIichaelmas.  In  1453,  the  Bishoji,  finding  on 
examination  that  the  stipend  was  not  sufficient  to  support  the 
Vicar, '  et  pro  Hospitalitate  juxta  juris  exigentiam  ibin  tenend.,' 
ordered  the  Abbey  of  Eynsham  to  augment  it  witliin  tliirty 
days ;  or  within  ten  days  of  that  time  to  appear  at  S.  Clement's 
Church,  in  Cambridge,  before  the  Archdeacon  and  his  official, 
to  shew  cause  for  their  neglecting  to  do  so."     Eynsham  Abbey 

'   MSS   Cai.  Coll.  cciv.  '  MSS.  Oousli,  21.  *  MSS.  Caius,  clxx.,  p.  20,  ir,. 

'  Cole,  viii.  47.  '  B.iker,  xxviii.  201..  "  Baker,  xxviii.  32S. 


GG  CHURCHES   OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


was  surrendered  to  Henry  VIII.,  Dec.  4th,  1539,  the  last 
Abbat,  Anthony  Dunstan,  being  made  Bishop  of  LlandafF.  The 
Manor  and  Advowson  of  the  church  were  then  granted  by 
Henry  VIII.  to  Thomas  Elliot  and  Margaret  his  wife,  and 
their  heirs';  the  King  himself  having  meanwhile  presented 
'  donee  de  dicta  summa  plenarie  fuerit  satisfactum  Vicario 
per  conventum  una  cum  Arreragiis,  Dampnis,  et  Expensis.'\ 
Sir  Thomas  Elliot  died  in  1546,  and  left  it  to  his  cousin, 
Richard  Puttington,  'with  the  appropriation  of  the  Rectory, 
Advowson,  Donation,  &c.  of  the  Vicarage.'^  In  1569,  Sir 
James  Dyer  presented  in  right  of  his  wife ;  and  the  following 
year  it  came  into  the  family  of  the  Hindes,  of  Madingley,' 
in  which  it  remained  some  years.  It  afterwards  came  into  the 
possession  of  Sir  Thomas  Willis,  who  was  also  patron  of 
S.  Andrew's ;  since  which  time  one  person  has  presented  to 
both  Vicarages. 

The  following  is  the  entry  in  the  Archdeacon's  Book  for 
S.  Ethelreda's  Church  (p.  83): 

Eeca  See  Etlield'  dc  Hyston.  app'ata  Abbati  de  Eynesham.  taxatur  ad 
xxiiij  marc',  soluit  pro  Synodal'  ij«.  iiij<i.,  Procur'  xviijc/.,  Den.  bi  Pet',  ij*., 
Ornamta  sunt  h  iij  Missal,  [unu  in  duobus  voluibus,  erased^  unum  gradale 
bonii  alia  ij  debilia.  ij  t'pia.  processional  [et  niartilog  in  uno  vol'me].  ordinale 
bonu  ij  legende.  ij  Antiph'.  ij  Psalt'ia.  T'ribulu  bonu  luc'na*  bona,  t'a  p'ia 
vestimentor'  (vii.)  cu  ptin.  calix  bonus.  (It  un  calix  de  novo  fts)  iij  suppeUic'. 
J.  Rochet'  crisraator'  bofi.  Unu  portifor'  de  dono  dni  Pet'  \dcarii.  velum,  ij 
cruces  luc'na  t'rbulu  vexilla,  iij.  fiole.  iij  paria  vestimentor'. 


Fitaw. 

John  Syger  ....  1349' 

John  Lolworth  .  .  .         before  1355' 

Henry  Syger         ....  1355« 

'  Rot.  Pat.  31  Hen.  VIII.  '   MSS.  Wren,  247,  22.  »  Cole,  xlviii.  168. 

'  MSS,  Wren,     Cole,  viii.  MSS.     Gough,  50,  31.  '  Lucerna. 

=  Mason,  MSS.     Gougli,  65. 

^  Cole,  xli.  51.     Reg.  Consist.  Ellens.,  fo.  59,  a,  b.     He  was  Dean  of  Chesterton. 


S.  ETIIELREDA,    IIISTON. 


Thomas  Kyng  do  Ilarowell 

Thomas  Barton 

William  Attchill  do  Marsliain 

Jolm  Willaiii 

Thomas  Mowton 

Jolm  Bolinijate 

William  \'alo 

John  IIo])kyn 

Christopher  NNHialloy 

John  Ehvode 

Robert  Leako 

—  Harrison 

John  Jackson 


.   1393« 
1397 

.   1403^ 
1403 
1406» 
1447' 

.   1459 
1491 

.       1539' 
1561 
deprived  in   1577 
before  1595« 
1007^ 


Of  these  Vicars,  we  find  in  the  Consistoiy  Register  of  Ely, 
a  citation  served  upon  Henry  Syger,  for  contempt  and  dis- 
obedience, inasmuch  as  he  had  refused  to  carry  out  a  decree 
of  Thomas  dc  Gloucester,  commissary  of  the  diocese,  pro- 
nouncing excommunication  on  all  those  who  had  falsely  and 
maliciously  slandered  the  fair  fame  of  Agnes,  daughter  of 
Robert  Reynolds,  of  Histon,  and  John,  son  of  John  Alwyne, 
of  the  same  parish.  Whereupon  we  are  told  that  he  appeared 
in  S.  Michael's  church,  in  Cambridge,  and  upon  his  humbly 
confessing  his  fault,  and  promising  obedience  to  all  canonical 
injunctions  in  future,  he  was  fined  forty  shillings  in  alms  to 
the  Bishop,  and  exempted  from  further  proceedings  against 
him.* 

William  Vale,  who  died  in  1491,  left,  in  addition  to  a 
legacy   to    S.   Andrew's,    after   the  payment   of  all    bequests, 


'^  He  was  a  Chaplain  in  the  Diocese  of  Salisbmy,  and  afterwards  exchanged  this  living  for 
that  of  Lyndstede,  in  Canterbury  IJiocese,  with  Thomas  Barton.     MSS.  (inugh,  349. 

'  He  was  Rector  of  Bradeley,  in  Norwich  Diocese,  which  he  exchanged  with  Thomas 
Barton:  and  in  the  same  year  exchanged  this  living  for  that  of  Foxley,  with  John  Willam. 
MSS.  Gough,  349. 

•*  He  was  Rector  of  Taterford,  and  exchanged  it  for  Histon  with  Jolm  Willam.      Ibid. 

»  Mason,  MSS.  Gough,  6.5. 

'   Presented  by  the  King,  who,  as  we  have  stated  above,  cLaiined  tlie  patronage  for  this  turn, 

'  Cole,  viii. 

'  He  was  the  first  Vicar  of  the  united  parishes. 

'  Cole,  xli.  .51.     Reg.  Cons.  Eliens.  fn.  .50,  a,  b. 


68  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

the  residue  of  his  lands  and  estates  to  the  Church  of 
S.  Etheh-eda,  (in  the  Chancel  of  Avhich  he  was  buried 
before  the  high  altar.)  on  condition  that  the  Church-war- 
dens should  take  care  that  a  Mass,  with  an  Obit,  should 
be  kept  in  the  church  every  year  for  the  benefit  of  his 
soul ;  and  that  fourpence  should  be  paid  to  the  Priest  then 
celebrating  Mass.' 

In  1501,  John  HopkjTie  was  buried  in  the  chancel,  and 
founded  an  Obit  to  his  memory  in  the  church;  and  left  a 
certain  sum  towards  the  reparation  of  the  Chapel  of  S.  John 
in  Parson  Drove.' 

Robert  Leake  was  in  1577  deprived  by  Dr.  Ithell,  Vicar- 
General  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely,  for  non-residence. 

The  present  value  of  the  union  of  Vicarages 

Value.  „ 

is  £400. 

In   1811,    the  number    of  souls  was  53-1;   at 

Population.  •  n  ^  i  i  r*  r  r\ 

the   last  census,   m    1841,   the  amount   was  85 i). 
The  inhabitants  are  chieflv  engaged  in  agriculture. 


The  road  from  Cambridge  to  Histon  is  wearisome  and  dull ; 
let  us  then  pause  awhile  ere  we  enter  the  sacred  precinct,  and 
enjoy  the  refreshment  which  a  contemplation  of  the  scene 
affords.  Before  us,  in  the  silent  majesty,  the  calm  massive 
grandeur  of  a  House  of  God,  lies  the  church  of  S.  Andrew.' 

■^  Blomefield,  Lib.  Transcrip.,  i.  9.  inter  MSS.  Gongli.  =  Baker,  xxviii.  323. 

'  The  Church  which  was  sacrilegiously  destroyed  c.  1600,  was,  as  has  been  already  stated, 
dedicated  in  honour  of  S.  Ethelreda,  Virgin  and  Abbess  ;  that  which  now  stands  is  under  the 
invocation  of  S.  Andrew,  Apostle.  It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  observe,  that  S.  Ethelreda  is  the 
Patron  Saint  of  the  Isle  of  Ely.  S.  Andrew  appears  likewise  to  have  received  peculiar  vene- 
ration in  the  neighbourhood  of  Cambridge,  since  of  the  twenty-two  churches  within  five  miles 
of  this  town,  eight  are  consecrated  to  God  in  his  honour,  namely,  Barnwell,  Cherry-Hinton, 
Chesterton,  Grantchester  (SS.  Mary  and  Andrew),  Histon,  Impington,  Oakington,  and  Staple- 
ford;  and  we  may  add,  that  the  Chancel  of  S.  Sepulchre's  is  said  to  be  dedicated  to  S.  Andrew. 
At  Histon  the  two  Saints  met. 


S.  ANDREW,   IIISTON.  69 


It  is  evening:  let  us  choose  a  north-westerly  resting-  place, 
that  we  may  not  prematurely  lose  the  setting  sun,  but  catch, 
before  they  fade  in  tli(>  coming  gloom,  tlie  varied  effects  and 
enchanting  contrast  of  golden-tinted  light  and  darkest  shade 
M  liich  the  glowing  beams,  intercepted  by  thick  foliage  on  the 
surrounding  trees,  cast  upon  the  hallowed  pile. 

"What  glorious  works  did  the  faith  of  our  forefathers  pro- 
duce! How  did  they  delight  to  build  palaces,  not  unfit,  as 
far  as  the  utmost  endeavours  of  man's  gratitude  could  fit  them, 
for  the  presence  of  the  Lord  God !  How  incessantly  did  they 
labour !  They  were  never  satisfied ;  they  had  ne\er  done 
enough.  And  this  tribute  of  praise  is  due  equally  to  all  the 
styles  into  which  ecclesiology  has  divided  church-architecture. 
No  sooner  had  the  Norman  obtained  possession  of  the  kingdom, 
than  his  greater  skill  and  more  abundant  resources  were  em- 
ployed in  rebuilding,  in  a  style  of  increased  magnificence,  the 
small  and  (often  perhaps)  wooden  edifices  in  which  the  Saxon 
had  worshipped.  Even  the  flood  of  civil  war  was  insuflficient 
to  quench  this  holy  zeal,  which  burnt  most  brightly  under  King 
Stephen,  "  cum  miles  egregius,  tum  mente  piissimns." "  The 
pointed  arch,  however  discovered,  now  manifested  its  wonderful 
capabilities  and  at  once  filled  the  land  \\ith  churches  in  a 
developed  Christian  style.  So  conscious  were  churchmen  in 
that  age  of  the  superiority  which  this  discovery  had  enabled 
them  to  attain,  that  they  appear  to  have  rebuilt  many  of  Avhat 
must  have  been  among  the  greatest  works  of  their  predecessors, 
in  order  to  obtain  more  entire  freedom  from  those  traces  of 
paganism  which  cling  to  Romanesque  architecture ;  so  at  least 
Ave  may  conjecture  from  tlie  fact,  that  so  many  of  our  Ca- 
thedrals have  Norman  Naves  and  Early-English  Choirs.  The 
Decorated  now  succeeded,  and  for  a  time  carried  on  the  work, 
{e.g.  in  the  Choir  of  Tewkesbury  and  Nave  of  Worcester,) 
but  soon  felt  the  blighting  effects  of  the  mortmain  law.    Never- 

"  Wcevcr,  Fun.  Mon.  278. 


theless  this  style,  for  the  short  period  during  which  it 
flourished,  produced  buildings  which  in  number  and  beauty 
yield  the  palm  to  none.  Would  that  the  principles  and  taste 
of  Perpendicular  architects  had  equalled  their  zeal  and  per- 
severance! How  few  churches  are  there  in  England  which 
do  not  bear  testimony  at  once  to  their  excellence  in  the  one, 
and  to  their  deficiency  in  the  other.  They  did  much ;  alas, 
that  flagrant  errors  should  so  often  force  the  confession — they 
did  too  much.  Let  us  however  judge  leniently,  remembering 
how  little  right  we,  of  all  ages,  have  to  see  the  faults  of  others. 

S.  Andrew's,  Histon,  is  suggestive  of  such  a  train  of 
thought.  The  buttresses  and  basement  of  Chancel  and 
Transepts  prove  the  original  structure  to  have  been  Early- 
English  ;  the  Tower  shows  that  a  part  was  rebuilt  in  the 
fourteenth  century ;  the  roofs,  clerestory,  and  windows  demon- 
strate that  the  Perpendicular  era  cannot  be  charged  with 
neglect,  to  whatever  degree  the  additions  and  substitutions 
then  made  may  be  thought  erroneous  in  principle  and  inju- 
rious to  the  effect  of  the  whole ;  and  the  air  of  dank,  neglected 
decay  which  pervades  the  entire  place,  betrays  the  spirit  of 
the  present  day. 

Let  us  now  enter  the  sacred  edifice  and  fill  our  Church- 
Scheme. 

The  ichnography  of  the  Church  is  illustrated 

Ground  Plan.  ■  .  -n     i  fy>    •  i  r 

by  an  engraving :  it  will  be  sufficient  thereiore 
here  to  set  down,  that  the  building  consists  of  Chancel,  Tower, 
north  and  south  Transepts,  Nave  with  Aisles,  and  south 
Porch,  and  to  add  the  dimensions  of  each  of  these  parts. 

ft.    in.  ft.    in.  ft.    in. 

Length  1      f  ^,         ,    (24  0\  rr  /19  0\  „  ,     (24  0\ 

Breadth}  ''^  ^^''''"'^  \l8  6/  T"^^'"  \l5  6/   Transepts   j^g  q) 


Nave      I22  9}  Aisles   |  9  g| 


The  Chancel,    to  all  appearance,   has  suffered 

Chancel.  .  ,.11  i  i- 

a  curtailment  m  length,  wliich  has   destroyed  its 


S.  ANDREW,    IIISTON.  71 


proportions  and  materially  damaged  the  effect  of  the  Church, 
considered  as  a  aaIioIc.  "\Miat,  indeed,  is  there — to  drop  for  a 
time  all  considerations  of  ecclesiastical  propriety  and  ruhrical 
obedience,  and  to  Aiew  the  matter  as  a  simple^  ([uestion  of  taste 
— what  is  there  that  the  resources  of  tlu^  most  ingenious 
architect  can  devise,  which  will  compensate  in  either  internal 
or  external  appearance  for  deficiency  of  length  in  a  Chancel  1 
We  are  bold  to  answer  unhesitatingly,  there  is  nothing :  a 
stunted  Chancel  must  ruin  a  Church.  And  certainly  the 
Chancel  of  Histon  is  now  out  of  proportion,  being  too  broad 
for  its  length ;  which  circumstance,  together  with  the  position 
of  the  windows  and  buttresses,  convinces  us  that  the  East 
wall,  which  has  been  rebuilt,  now  stands  considerably  to  the 
west  of  the  original  East  end.  This  modern  East  wall  is  of 
brick,  pierced  for  a  broad  window,  which  is  divided  into  four 
lights  by  wooden  muUions  and  tracery. 

The  Holy  Table  is  of  oak,  of  fair  Jacobean  character, 
supported  in  front  by  two  connected  legs,  and  fastened  at 
the  back  by  iron-work  to  the  Reredos.  The  Reredos  is  com- 
posed of  good  oak  tabernacle-work,  surmounted  by  a  crest 
of  Tudor  flower,  which,  as  is  usual  in  wooden  crests  whether 
battlemented  or  flowered,  is  sunk  in  a  cavetto  moulding,  so 
that  the  upper  edge  of  the  whole  presents  an  unbroken  ho- 
rizontal line.  There  can  be  little  doubt  that  this  Avork  once 
formed  part  of  a  Rood-screen."  At  a  distance  of  eight  feet 
from  the  East  wall  the  Altar  is  defended  by  poor  oak-coloured 
rails,  and  is  raised  upon  two  brick  steps  immediately  to  the 
west  of  the  rail.  On  each  side,  in  the  north  and  south  walls, 
is  a  window,  which  on  the  exterior  presents  the  appearance 
of  a  plain  couplet ;  but  in  the  interior  the  lancets  are  joined 
under  one  drop-arch,  deeply  splayed,  of  which  the  edge  is 
enriched   by   a  roll-and-fillet   moulding,    springing  from  nook 

"  There  is  a  tradition  that  it  was  brought  frum  All  Saints',  Landliuach,  where  there  is  more 
of  precisely  similar  character. 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


shafts  Avitli  rich  and  elegant  capitals.  A  label 
crowns  the  whole,  and  springs,  like  the  arch- 
mould,  from  the  chapters  of  the  bowtels.  The 
terminations  of  the  labels  are  much  mutilated, 
but  on  the  south  side  a  knot  of  chaste  design 
remains  in  tolerable  preservation.  The  C'hancel- 
arch  forms  the  western  face  of  the  Tower-piers, 
which  on  the  East  are  left  plain  and  square. 
It  is  of  the  simplest  kind,  consisting  of  two 
chamfered  orders,  of  which  one  dies  into  the 
wall  and  the  other  is  carried  on  either  side 
continuously  to  the  base  mouldings.  The  sin- 
gular bases  are  concealed  or  destroyed  by  pues.  The  Chancel 
is  elevated  four  inches  above  the  Nave  by  a  step  placed  at 
the  East  end  of  the  Tower  piers. 

Let  us  hope  that  the  time  is  not  far  distant  when  the 
Chancel  shall  be  prolonged  by  full  three  yards;  when  the 
East  wall  shall  be  again  rebuilt  of  stone,  and  pierced  by 
an  unequal  triplet  with  bold  interior  jamb-shafts  and  rich 
arch-mouldings ;  when  the  Piscina  and  Sedilia  shall  be  re- 
stored, and  a  single  lancet  inserted  in  the  south  wall  above 
them;  when  the  flooring  shall  be  repaved,  and  not  with 
common  bricks ;  when  the  roof,  again  open  to  the  ridge,  shall 
resume  its  soaring  height ;  when  the  Reredos  shall  give  back 
its  carved  work  to  the  Eood-screen ;  when  green  damp  and 
white-wash  shall  yield  place  to  bright  colouring,  and  the  whole, 
more  decently  arranged,  become  again  Avhat  it  should  be  now, 
and  what  it  was  in  the  thirteenth  century. 


North  Transept. 


The  north  Transept  is  used  as  a  vestry,  and 
until  lately  served  the  still  baser  purposes  of  a 
school.  No  further  history  will  be  required  of  the  wretched 
stove  and  brick  chimney  which  deform  the  western  side.     An 


S.  ANDREW,    HISTON.  73 


elegant  Early-English'  arcade  runs  round  the  northern  and 
western  sides.  The  arches  are  equilateral,  exquisitely  moulded, 
and  spring  from  detached  shafts  with  bold  capitals  and  bases. 
Between  the  arches  the  spandril  spaces  are  ornamented  with 
sunken  trefoils  and  quatrcfoils,  having  rounded  cusps.  A 
horizontal  string  surmounts  the  whole  at  a  height  of  about 
seven  feet  from  the  floor.  In  the  north  wall  to  the  East  of 
the  arcade  is  an  arch  of  the  same  character  as  the  arcade, 
but  broader,  which  was  perhaps  originally  a  Sedile.  It  is 
now  converted  into  a  doorway.  Here  the  label,  which  runs 
continuously  over  the  arches  of  the  arcade,  terminates  in  a 
notch-head  or  mask,  and  the  shaft  sustaining  the  mouldings 
to  the  East  is  stilted  on  a  mass  of  masonry  eighteen  inches 
in  height.  Eastward  again  of  this  is  a  double  Piscina^  inserted 
in  a  square  compartment,  which  has  intersecting  arch  mould- 
ings springing  from  three  sets  of  double  shafts  of  Purbeck 
marble,  and  two  octagonal  projecting  orifices.  In  the  East 
wall  are  two  Perpendicular  windows  of  three  cinquefoiled 
lights,  with  mullions  continued  vertically  through  the  head 
of  the  window  and  a  battlemented  transom  across  the  middle 
light.  These  windows  are  inserted  in  Early-English  arches, 
having  elaborate  mouldings  supported  on  clustered  and  banded 
shafts,  and  the  spandril  spaces  between  them  pierced  with 
trefoils  and  quatrcfoils  of  the  same  character  with  those  in 
the  arcade  below,  but  of  greater  size.  On  the  north,  under 
a  Tudor  arch  with  poor  label  and  head-terminations,  is  a 
broad  Perpendicular  Avindow  of  five  cinquefoiled  lights. 
On  the  west  is  a  window  of  the  same  description  as  those 
in  the  East  wall,  but  blocked.  This  window  retains  its 
mullions    and   tracery,     and    may    well   be   opened    when  the 

'  The  principal  dimensions  of  the  arcade  are  as  follows: — height  of  shafts,  3  ft.  10  in.;  of 
arch,  2  ft.  S  in.j  width,  the  same;  depth  of  mouldings,  9  inches. 

'  Dimensions:  square  compartment,  4  ft.  6  in.;  height  of  shaft,  2  ft.;  depth  of  moulding, 
I  ft.  2  in.     An  excellent  view  of  it  is  given  in  our  Engraving  of  the  North  Transept. 

L 


74 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


stove  and  chimney  are  removed.  The  Transept  arch  consists 
of  two  chamfered  orders,  of  which  the  outer  dies  into  the  - 
wall  and  the  inner  is  supported  on  semi-octagonal  responds 
with  stinted  Decorated  capitals.  The  roof  is  of  wood,  un- 
concealed but  flat,  and  is  sustained  by  two  cross  rafters 
thrown  from  Avall  to  wall.  Against  the  south  end  of  the 
East  wall  is  a  large  Perpendicular  niche,  measuring  six  feet 
by  two-and-a-half  feet,  under  a  low  septfoiled  arch,  which 
carries  a  pierced  parapet.  The  niche  is  unoccupied.  We 
forbear  to  comment  upon  the  condition  of  this  Transept, 
which  is  shut  off  from  the  body  of  the  Church  by  a  deal 
partition  six  feet  high,  and  by  the  clumsy  staircase  by  wliich 
the  belfry  is  reached.  It  would  appear  that  the  present 
inhabitants  of  Histon  have  degenerated  from  the  virtue  of 
their  ancestors.  Their  fathers  required  two  churches :  they 
find  one  church  of  reduced  extent  to  be  unnecessarily  large 
by  at  least  one-third. 


South  Transept. 


It  is    needless   to  enter   upon    a   detailed    de- 
scription of  the  south  Transept,  which  in  its  more 


lil"i|!M [ilSL jlUii  i    ;|I!!W!||.II:,.   I 

■JtLm 


Arcade,  South  Transept. 


S.  ANDREW,    HISTON.  75 


important  features  resembles  the  uortli  Transept,  but  is  open 
to  the  Church  and  partially  occupied  by  pues.  It  is  likewise 
in  a  less  disgraceful  state  of  repair,  and  on  the  East  side 
retains  two  original  triplets,  separated  by  a  rich  niche  of  Deco- 
rated date.  The  illustration  gives  an  idea  of  the  general 
effect  of  this  Transept. 

The  Nave  is  entered    from    the  Tower  by  an 

Nave. 

arch  resembling  the  Transept  arches.  It  is  sepa- 
rated from  the  Aisles  on  either  side  by  two  wide  drop-arches 
supported  by  a  pier  and  two  responds.  The  piers  are  of 
Decorated  character,  octagonal,  with  meagre  bases  and  capitals. 
Above  the  Aisle  arches,  the  north  and  south  walls  are  pierced 
for  a  clerestory  with  three  irregularly  placed  Perpendicular 
mndows  of  two  trefoiled  lights,  under  Tudor-arched  heads. 
In  the  Nave  nine  of  the  ancient  pues^  still  remain,  with 
foliaged  poppy-heads  at  each  end,  and  representations  of 
animals,  as  lions,  stags,  &c.,  on  the  shovdders.  These  have 
a  brick  flooring.  There  is  a  fair  open  roof  to  the  Nave,  which 
has  flowered  spandrHs  and  arched  springers  supported  by 
sculptured  stone  brackets,  placed  on  a  level  with  the  bottom 
of  the  clerestory  -windows.  Upon  these  a  monkey  and  dog, 
and  a  bat  with  expanded  wings,  are  discernible.  There  is 
nothing  remarkable  to  be  seen  among  the  modern  pues  save 
an  apsidal  box  standing  detached  in  the  Chancel. 

The  north  and  south  Aisles  are  Perpendicular 

Aisles. 

erections  of  precisely  similar  appearance.  Each 
contains,  on  the  side,  two  Perpendicular  windows  of  three 
lights,  with  double  featherings ;  and  in  the  west  end,  one 
window  of  the  same  design.     It  may  not  be  out  of  place  to 

3  We  subjoin  the  diniensious  of  tliese  open  seats:  distance  apart,  2  ft.  10 in.;  lieight  of 
back,  2  ft.  6  in.;  height  of  seat,  1ft.  5  in.;  height  of  poppy,  3  ft.  2  in.;  height  of  shoulder,  2  ft.; 
breadth  of  poppy  below  shoulder,   I  ft.  3  in.;  breadth  above  shoulder,  9  in. 


76 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


observe  here,  that  the  heads  of  all  the  Aisle  windows,  as 
well  as  of  those  in  the  Clerestory  and  of  the  west  window, 
are  blocked  with  mortar;  which,  as  the  tracery  remains  in 
most  cases  entire,  must  be  attributed  to  a  desire  to  exclude 
light  or  to  save  glass. 


Font. 


The  Font  stands  to    the  west  of  the  pier   of 
the  south  Aisle.     It  has  an  octagonal  bason,  with 
sunken  quatrefoils  of  two  designs  interchanged  upon  the  sides 


ta^^*^^ 


and  an  octagonal  stem  and  base.  The  cover  is  a  low  pyramid  in 
form,  and  is  furnished  with  a  counterbalance  fixed  to  the  pier. 
On  the  west  side,  adjoining  the  base,  is  a  low  kneeling-stone, 
which  has  been  rendered  useless  by  the  raising  of  the  pave- 
ment. This  Font  affords  a  simple  specimen  of  Perpendicular 
work.     It  is  injured  by  stone-coloured  paint. 


S.   ANDREW,    IIISTON.  77 


The  Tower  is  sciuurc,  of  two  stages,  with  phiin 
parapet,  and  contains  in  each  face  a  two-light 
window.  The  buttresses  are  narrow,  set  diagonally.  The 
bells  are  five  in  number,  of  wliich  one  is  ancient  and  bears 
the  legend  —  CTnntabo  InutiES  ^uas  per  ntrtn.  On  the  top  of 
the  Tower,  exteriorly,  is  hung  the  clock-boll. 

The  west  window  is  Perpendicular,  of  three 
lights,  trcfoiled  w^th  double  feathermgs,  under  a 
Tudor  arch.  There  is  a  west  door,  which  is  explained  by  the 
connection  of  this  Cliurch  with  the  Religious  House  at  Denny. 
The  arch  of  the  doorway  is  four-centred,  with  continuous 
cavetto  and  ogee  mouldings. 

The  south  Porch  is  an  erection  apparently  of  the  fourteenth 
century;  but  its  character  was  originally  so  plain,  and  its 
features  are  now  so  entirely  concealed  by  plaister,  that  it  is 
impossible  to  speak  with  certainty  upon  this  point.  The  outer 
doorway  has  a  plain  drop-arch  of  two  chamfered  orders. 
Round  the  inner  doorway,  which  is  Decorated,  runs  a  deep 
hollow  between  two  shallow  ogee  mouldings.  In  the 
north-east  corner  of  this  Porch  is  a  mass  of  masonry,  which 
no  doubt  sustained  the  Benatura.  Of  this  no  traces  now 
remain. 

In  the  north  wall  of  the  north  Aisle,  closely  adjoining 
the  north  Transept,  is  a  tall  ill-proportioned  doorway  with 
poorly  moulded  head.  It  is  worth  while  to  caU  attention 
to  the  fact,  that  the  Chancel  of  this  Chiu-ch  contains  no 
Priest's  door.  Might  we  not  perhaps  assign  the  absence  of 
the  usual  Priest's  door,  and  the  presence  of  the  unusual  west 
door,  to  the  same  cause]  The  buttresses  are  of  finely-dressed 
ashlar,  and  display  that  carefidness  in  masonry  and  nicety 
in    finish  which  are    commonly   found    in  buttresses  built   of 


78 


CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


harder  and  more  durable  stone  than  the 
body  of  the  Church  which  they  supjjort. 
Those  against  the  Aisles  are  Perpendicular, 
of  three  stages,  and  inferior  in  execution 
to  the  Early-English  work  of  the  two- 
staged  buttresses  against  the  Chancel  and 
Transepts.  Under  the  great  Transept  win- 
dows is  a  small  buttress  of  one  stage,  with 
bold  weathering,  which  produces  a  pleasing 
effect.  The  Chancel  has  eaves  without  pa- 
rapet. The  parapet  to  the  Nave  is  plain; 
that  over  the  Aisles  is  irregularly  embattled. 
Over  the  gable  of  the  south  Porch  the 
saddle-stone  remains,  and  one  arm  of  a 
Cross,  which  has  been  pointed  so  as  to  form  a  needle. 
Above  the  south  Transept  is  a  representation  of  our  Blessed 
Lord  upon  the  Cross*,  between  the  figures  of  S.  Mary  on 
the  right  and  S.  John  upon  His  left  hand.  The  Church 
is  built  of  the  clunch  of  the  neighbourhood,  with  but- 
tresses of  Barnack  stone.  In  the  interior,  the  shafts  of 
the  arcades  and  windows  are   of  a  peculiar  red   oolite  (pro- 


Buttress  to  Cbaocel. 


'  Such  aids  to  ancient  devotion  are  frequently  found  in  churclies  at  the  present  day.  The 
positions  in  which  they  occur  most  commonly  are  :  over  gables,  as  in  the  present  instance  and 
S.  Mary's,  Stogiimber;  S.  Mary's,  Batcombe,  Somersetshire;  S.  Mary's,  Tliaxted,  Essex;  and 
S.  Helen's,  Lever  ton,  Lincolnshire;  built  into  exterior  walls,  as  at  S.  Laurence,  Evesham;  S.  Ives, 
Cornwall;  S.  John  Evangelist,  Glastonbury;  S.  Mary's  Abbey,  Rorasey;  S.  Andrew's,  Minting, 
Lincolnshire;  S.Mary's,  Sherborne,  Dorset;  and  S.  Mary's,  Marston  Magna,  Somersetshire: 
on  Fonts,  as  in  Holy  Trinity,  Lenton,  Notts  ;  SS.  Peter  and  Paul,  Coleshill,  Warwickshire; 
S.Bartholomew's,  Lostwithiel,  Cornwall ;  S.Peter's,  Bennington,  Lincolnshire;  S.  Bartho- 
lomew's, Orford,  Suffolk;  S.  Nicolas,  East  Dereham;  and  S.Mary's,  Little  Walsingham, 
Norfolk:  and  on  Churchyard  or  other  Crosses,  as  at  S.  Margaret's,  Spaxton,  Somersetshire; 
S.  Mary's,  Myton,  Yorkshire;  S.  Margaret's,  Somersby,  Lincolnshire;  S.  Andrew's,  Heading- 
ton,  Oxford  ;  and  at  Stalbridge,  Dorset,  and  Shepton  Mallet.  There  are  also  other  positions 
in  which  representations  of  the  Crucifixion  are  found,  but  not  so  commonly:  on  bosses,  as  in 
Great  S.  Mary's,  Cambridge,  (from  which  the  figure  of  our  Lady  has  been  cut  away) :  on  mo- 
numents, as  in  S.  Giles',  Bredon,  Worcestershire:  on  window-rauUions,  as  in  S.  John  Baptist's, 
Wellington,  Somersetshire:  and  over  gateways,  as  in  Cleeve  Abbey,  in  the  same  county.  This 
last  example  is  the  most  beautiful  of  all  those  which  we  have  examined.  Some  authors  have 
asserted  that  Roods  were  never  placed  over  closed  doors  :  but  this  assertion  is  disproved  by 
instances   remaining  at   S.  Mary's,    Rougham,    Norfolk ;    S.  John's,    Rarford,    Oxfordshire  ; 


S.   ANDREW,   HISTON.  79 


bably  Ketton),  which  \\c  do  not  often  find  in  ( 'ambridgeslurc. 
The  Roof  has  suffered  much  in  jjitch,  and  the  appearance  of 
the  Church  is  [)roportionably  damaged.  It  appears  from  the 
weather-mould,  that  the  roofs  of  the  Transepts  were  ori- 
ginally higher  than  the  roof  of  the  Nave. 

The  Commandments  are  painted  on  the  Avest  wall  on  either 
side  of  the  west  Avindow,  and  the  Creed  and  Lord's  Prayer 
above  the  Aisle  piers.  The  Royal  Arms  surmount  the  Nave 
ai"ch.  In  the  north  Transept  is  preserved  the  old  Church 
chest  of  oak,  upon  Avheels.  The  Church  Avould  appear  to 
have  been  once  adorned  throughout  with  religious  paintings, 
traces  of  Avhich  may  still  be  seen  upon  the  west  Avail  and 
the  piers  of  the  ToAver.  For  the  uncovermg  of  these  frescoes 
the  removal  of  the  '  singing-gallery'  Avill  be  necessary.  The 
almost  unused  Transepts  will  afford  ample  accommodation  for 
the  worshippers  thus  displaced  ;  and  it  scarcely  need  be  added, 
that  the  Church  in  every  respect  Avill  gain  by  the  change. 
Of  stained  glass  there  are  a  fcAV  ancient  fragments  and  some 
neAv  floAvered  quarries. 

There  are  noAv  no  monuments  in  the  Church  Avhich  deserve 
notice.  But  it  appears  from  Mr.  Boissier's  '  Notes  on  the 
Cambridgeshire  Churches,  1827,'  that  there  Avas  then  a  flat 
monument  in  the  Nave,  Avith  brasses  entire  of  a  Knight 
and  his  Lady,  Avith  seven  sons  and  tAvo  daughters,  f^i'c  jncent 
3Joi)'Tincs  3j3urgoun,  ^rmyger,  et  ,|tlargatita  uxor  t\\is,  qui  (juibcm 
3Jo{jnnnts    obiit  —  iiie    uunsi's    ©ctobtis,    glnno    Bomint    itlilUsimo 

S.  Patrick's,  Palrington,  A'orkshire  ;  and  by  two  wliicli  existed  over  the  soiilli  and  west  doors 
of  S.  Mary's,  Wareham,  Dorsetshire,  until  the  rebuilding  of  the  Nave  of  that  Church  a  few 
years  back.  Crucifixes  have  sometimes  been  found  buried  in  churchyards,  as  at  All  Saints, 
Bolton  Percy,  Yorkshire.  In  stained  glass  of  all  dates  they  are  commonly  met  with,  and, 
were  the  white-wash  removed  from  the  walls  which  it  disfigures,  many  would  be  found  in 
fresco,  as  in  the  churches  of  S.  Alban's  Abbey;  and  S.  Mary's  Abbey,  Tewkesbury.  It  is  to 
be  regretted  that  collections  of  the  curious  occasionally  contain  sculptures  of  this  kind,  pre- 
served simply  as  fragments  of  antiquity. 


80  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


quingcntcssimo  quinto  et  bfgintn.  This  has  altogether  disappeared 
within  the  last  seventeen  years.  How  long  shall  church- 
robbery  and  tomb-violation  pass  unreproved  and  unpunished  1 

As  attention  has  lately  been  directed  to  the  subject  of 
Orientation,  it  may  be  proper  to  state,  that  the  Chancel, 
which  inclines  somewhat  to  the  south  from  the  direction  of 
the  Nave,  points  twelve  degrees  south  of  due  East.  This 
deviation,  although  not  sufficient  to  reach  the  precise  point 
where  the  sun  rises  on  the  Feast  of  S.  Andi-ew,  is  worthy 
of  remark. 

Thus  is  our  Church  Scheme  filled,  and  the  courteous 
reader  put  in  possession  of  a  Camdenick  account  of  S.  Andrew's, 
Histon. 


I  tlMN  ' . 


...p. 


-Sw. 


^* 


-  *  - -'{("^MnmnlMBMHlMMI 


West  Doorway. 


Basement,  Nave. 


Doorway,  South  Porch. 


'^ 


•-A 


String,  Chancel. 


-■1-8 


Arch  S.  Transept. 


Aisle  Windows. 


V  . 


Capital  arul    V,a<e. 
Nave   Piers. 


liasc.   l-K.  Arcndc. 


Capital  of  Piscina, 
S.  Transept. 


Oftpital.  EE.  Arcade. 


Base  of  Pier.  South  Transept. 


Rase  of  Nave  Arcli. 


/ 

■ 

Capital  Ua 

id  Sh 

fl 

Chancel. 

c 

r 

i 

1*    Tk 

1  it!^ 

fe, 

Capital, 

Nave 

Arch. 

1 

II' • 

1 

Capital,  Piscina 

Bate  of  Shaft 
Piscina. 

Arch  of  Piscin.i,  witli  lentral  Cap. 


11 


Base,   E.  E.  Shaft  Baod  of  Shaft 


IK  M 


ss.ij'TD'K!!!'  yn.A.xj.  atssriJ'iS'  ciffiwac-iM:. 


fubbsW  iyTlroinas  Stevjison  ,Ciimhiij;^< 


fl^arlton  eftitrcft. 


/'ERLETONE,  or  HarJeton,  commonly 
called  Harlton,  is  a  small  agricultural 
village,  6  miles  almost  S.-W.  of  Cam- 
s\  bridge,  "  at  the  foot  of  a  steep  hill, 
not  unfi-uitful  or  unhealthfuUy  situated, 
having  the  benefit  of  diverse  wholesome  springs", 
says  one  of  the  would-be  Historians  of  the 
County,  John  Layer,'  about  1639.  This  de- 
scription, in  its  particular  points,  applies  to 
several  villages  in  the  level  of  Cambridge ;  with 
several  others  also  in  this  part  it  is  noted  for 
its  orchards.  Layer  continues — "con- 
sisting of  20  families:  by  Domesday- 
Book  accounted  at  Jire  hides  gcldable ; 
and  was  of  old  the  inheritance  of  the 
Huntingfeilds."  From  his  account  we 
may  trace  the  following  descent  of  the  Capital  Manor;  and 
there  were  other  petty  ones. 

Eoger  de  Huntingfeild  held  a  Kut.  fee  here  of  the  Honor  of  Gloucester, 
and  is  said  to  have  a  Lete  here  temp.  Hen.  I.  Roger  de  Himtiugt'eild  was 
sole  Lord,  9  Edw.  H.,  holding  the  Advowson.  His  son  sold  both  Manor  and 
Advowson.  This  Manor  came  to  Ric.  Kclsill,  5  Ric.  H.;  then  to  Ralph  Bate- 
man.^  Alex.  Child  held  one  Knt.'s  fee  with  Ric.  Kelsill.  Rob.  Hutton,  younger 
brother  of  —  Hutton,  of  Drayton,  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heir  of  Thomas 
Child,  had  two  Manors  here,  '  Huntingfeild'  and  '  The  Ladycs,'  and  the 
Advowson;   he   was   Lord  till   10  Hen.  VH.     The  Huttons   were  Lords  in 


Harl.  MSS.  6768. 


"  Dugdale,   Hist,  of  Embanking,  p.  •352. 

M 


82  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


6  Edvv.  VI.  la  4  Eliz.,  William  Barnes,  and  after  him  Robert  Barnes,  his 
son,  held  this  Manor  with  the  Advowsou :  the  latter  was  a  Popish  recusant, 
and  did  sell  the  Manor  to  Thos.  Fryer,  D.M.,  who  gave  it  to  Henry,  his 
younger  son ;  but  he  dying  without  issue,  granted  a  rent-charge  of  £100 
a  year  out  of  this  Manor  to  charitable  uses ;  whereof  this  village  hath  £35 
per  ann.:  but  the  inheritance  feU  to  Dr.  Fryer,  liis  elder  brother. 

Besides  the  Lords  of  the  chief  Manor  ah-eady  mentioned, 

the  following  names  of  ancient  proprietors   are  to  be  found 

on  record.^ 

John  do  Folkesworth,  Kt.,  held  by  the  courtesy  of  England  xii'"=  acres, 
and  paid  scutage. 

Ric.  de  Hokton.     5  Ed.  II. 

Thomas  Ashewell.     12  Ed.  III. 

Jeffry  Cobb,  a  great  owner,  temp.  Ric.  II. 

Radulph,  E.  of  Stafford,  held  a  fee,  46  Ed.  HI. 

Edmund  do  Mortuo  Mari,  E.  of  March.     5  Ric.  II. 

Hugo,  E.  Stafford,  held  a  fee,  10  Ric.  II. 

The  Church  is  dedicated  to  '  the  Assumption 

Dedication.  .      ,.  i       i  r     i       t>i 

01  the  Virgm,     or  to  '  the  honour  ot  the  Blessed 


Virgin  Mary.'^  It  is  in  the  Deanery  of  Barton,  in  the  Arch- 
deaconry of  Cambridge,  and  in  the  Hundred  of  Wetherley. 
Cole  gives  a  full  account  of  the  Church  in  pp.  118-123  of 
his  2nd  Volume. 

The  Advowson  belonged  to  the  HuntingfeUd 
Manor  ;  and  went  with  it  till  Walter  Gifard,  second 
Earl  of  Buckingham,  gave  the  Advowson  to  the  Alien  Priory 
of  Newton  Longue-ville,"  Bucks :  this  Alien  Priory  retained  it 
till  its  dissolution'  in  1414-5,  2Hen.  V.  Subsequently  it  went 
with  the  Manor,  until  Dr.  Fryer  inherited:  and  then  it  was 
sold  to  John  Duport,"  D.D.,  Master  of  Jesus  College,  (about 
1600);  who  gave  it  to  the  College  in  reversion  after  the  next 
presentation.     It  is  now  in  the  patronage  of  that  CoUege. 

'  Hal.  MSS.  6772.  Cole,  MSS.  vol.  xxii.  85-6.  Maso7i,  MSS.  Gough  Coll.  18. 
Doomsday  Book,  i.  p.  196. 

<  Allen.  °  Cole. 

°  Among  the  Placita,  Ric.  I.,  a.  6to.  Rot.  9,  is  this:  '  Assisa  inter  Rogerum  de  Hunting- 
field  et  Priorem  de  Longa  Villa  de  advocatione  Ecclesie  de  Herleton  est  in  respectu,  Src. 

'  Dugdale,  Monast.  i.  1036.      Willis,  Hist,  of  Abbies,   ii.  32. 

'  Of  him,  see  Shermanni  Hisloria  Coll.  Jesti,  p.  32. 


S.   MARY,    IIARLTON.  83 


In  Pope  Nicholas'  Valor  of  1291,  it  is  taxed 

at  \'\.  lib.  xiiis.  ivd.,  and  the  portio  of  the  Priory 

of  Longuc-villc  at  ii.  lib.     In  the  King's  Books,  the  value  is 

stated  at   xiv/.  ixs.  ynd.;  it  is  added,   "  solvit  Xraas  xxviiis." 

The  net  value  returned"  in  1835  is  £313. 

An  excellent  Rcctory-liouse,  in  a  well-chosen  position  for 
convenience  and  aspect,  has  been  erected  by  the  present 
Incumbent. 

In  1533,  (p.  9.)'  when  the  See  was  vacant,  there 
was  due  for  Procurations  to  the  Bishop : 
De  Ecclesia  de  Hardoleston',  xxcZ. 

In  1516,  (p.  15./ 

Synod,  xuiyl.     Don.  S.  Pet.  xiic?. 

Synod.  xiiij<^.     Procur.  xiid. 

Elye  Farthings,  ix<7. 

Annualis  Dochua  Epis.  Eliens.  dobita,  xxviij.?.  xit/. 

The  present  payment  to  the  Bishop,  made  at  Michaelmas, 

is  £1  Os.  M. 

The  following  list  of  Church  Furniture  is  from 

the  Archdeacon's  Book,'^  omitting  abbre\dation. 

Ecclesia  de  Harlcton  non  appropriata  .  est  ibi  Rector  .  taxatur  ad  ix  marcas  . 
solvit  pro  sinodalibus  ijs.  iiijf/...procurationibus  xiij.  Denariis  Sancti  Petri 
xiic?.  Ornamenta  sunt  hec.  Missalo  bonum  (i.  aliud  Missale).^  i.  Troporium . 
aliud  cum  gradali  et  tercium  cum  alio  gradali.  Martilogium  (et  psalterium 
de  dono  rectoris).^  Orilinale  .  Manuale  .  Portiforium  bonum  .  ij.  salteria  .  tercium 
portiforium  (ij.  antiplwnaria)  iij.  paria  vestimontorum.  iij.  tegmina*  cum  per- 
tinenciis  (corporalia  de  dono  Radulphi  Lovol  et  cappa  chori) .  xv  suporpollicia 
[ij.  Rocheta.]  (iij.)  caliees  suf.  vj.  phiolc  .  Turribulum  bonum.  Crismatorium 
suf.  ij.  Cruces.  Velum  bonum.  iiij.  \exilla.  iij.  frontalia  .  pixis  sufficiens. 
lucerna.  vi.  tuaUa.''  iij.  paria  eorporalium.  ij.  Antijilionaria  bona  .  duo  legeudc 
"{Item.  i.  bonum  vestimentum  et  i.  calix  bonus  do  dono  Willi.  Bateman}. 

In  the  margin  is  added  this  list — 

ij.  legendo  in  ij.  voluminibus.  ij.  gradalia...i.  vestimentum  itcmq.  de  done 
Ric.  Kellislull  et  alba  et  anuca  et  stola  ct  maniplum  do  dono  dni  honrici  Dalgy : 
"do  dono  '  ibidem  ij.  cape  chori. 

"  Lib.  Ecclesiasticus.  '   An  error  for  Harleton.  '  Coll.  Caii.  HISS.  cixx. 

'  Inserted  above.  '   F>ased.  ^  Tiiella  et  toalli.n. — Ducange. 

"  Added  in  a  later  hand.  '  .\  word  illegible. 


Furniture. 


84  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIKE. 


The  followiug  list  of  Rectors  is  taken  from  Dr.  Mason's 
(MSS.  24.)  book  of  Incumbents  for  Ely  Diocese,  and  Cole's 
MSS.  and  the  College  and  Parish  Registers.  This  is  one  of 
the  many  cases  where  we  feel  the  want,  so  often  lamented, 
of  an  AthensB  Cantabrigienses.  Such  a  store  of  biography 
would  supply  all  the  personal  liistory  which  we  here  require. 


Illedors 


John  de  Lacv 

1330. 

Henry  de  Scalariis"  or  Escalariis  or  Deschallars 

1338. 

John  de  Hyngestone.^ 

1346. 

John  de  Bottesly.' 

1347. 

June  26. 

John  de  Bj-field." 

1349. 

June  26. 

Roger  de  Tuffield. 

William  de  Potton,^  (died  here). 

1388. 

AprU  27. 

Robert  de  Comberton.'' 

1391. 

Mar.  18. 

Thomas  de  Spaldyng.* 

1392. 

Mar.  27. 

Thomas  de  Rybred,   (d.) 

1393. 

Sept.  13. 

Joh.  Atte  Hoo.= 

1460. 

July  28. 

Joh.  Abbot,«  (d). 
Bernard.'' 

*  An  agreement  between  him  and  the  Prior  of  Barnwell,  dated  4  Cal.  Aug.  1337,  is  given 
in  Cole,  MSS.  xviii.  130,  wherein  the  names  of  several  land-owners  are  enumerated.  The 
Rector  covenants  to  give  the  Prior  and  Convent  30s.  annually  for  their  tithes  on  certain  lands 
also  described.  The  deed,  says  Cole,  was  so  long  as  to  occupy  five  or  six  folio  pages;  so  he 
'  excerps'  only  so  much  as  contains  the  names  of  persons  and  conditions.  The  Rector 
affixes  his  seal  and,  "  quia  sigillum  meum  pturibus  incognitum  est,"  also  the  official  seal  of 
the  Archdeacon  of  Ely. 

'  See  List  of  Incumbents  of  Bokesworth.  '  Licent.  Stud.  1339,  ii.  Cal.  Sept. 

''  Per  Regem,  ratione  Temporalium  Prioratus.  Baker  takes  this  from  Dr.  Worlhington's 
Church  Notes  for  Cambridgeshire,  vol.  xxviii.  *Ad  Rectoriam  Radulphus  Bateman  nominal, 
Prioratus  (de  Longa  Villa)  praesentat. 

^  Dom.  Manerii  de  Harleton  nominabat  Clericum  Priori  de  Longa  Villa  Gifiardi.  lUe 
prsesentabat  Episcopo  pro  Institutione. 

*  He  exchanged  with  R.  de  Comberton.  Rector  de  Farnham,  Londini  Dioces.  dictus 
Thomas  institutus  Rect.  de  Harleton  ad  Praesent.  Dni.  Reg.  Ric.  IL  ratione  Temporalium 
Prioratus  de  Longa  Villa  alienigeri  in  manu  sua  occasione  guerre  inter  ipsum  et  adversaries 
suos  Francie  inde  existencium:  p  noiacoue  Radi.  Bateman  spectantem. — Regist.  Fordham, 
Gough  Collect,  ii.  329. 

'  By  the  presentation  of  the  King,  Ric.  II.  as  Thos.  de  Spaldyng.  In  the  same  Register 
we  find  this  entry — "  Licenc.  de  non-resid.  pro  Joh.  Hoo,  Rect.  de  Harleton,  proviso  infra 
tempus  a  jure  limitatum  sit  in  subdiaconum  ordinatus;"  and  he  was  so  ordained  June  3,  1391. 

"  Ad  Rectoriam  (Dominant)  FeoJTati  in  Manerio. 

'  Per  Laur.  Chcyne  hac  vice. 


S,   MARY,   IIARLTON.  85 


1465.     May  i;0.      Rad.  Shawe.^ 

1492.  William  Spalding.s 

1518.  Dr.  Lu])ton. 

1539.     Aug.  14.     Christ.  Willy,  or  Wyllys,'*  (d). 

155G.  Jac.  Hall,   (fl). 

1557.     Nov.  14.     Joh.  Tylney.' 

1561.  Ecclia  diu  vacavit  ct  vacat  in  prajsenti.  Postca  Thos. 

\\nutclicad,   Root. — B.  of  Acts  of  Bp.  Cox  in   his 

Visitation. 
1567.  Tho.  ^^^litehead. 

1579.  Dec.  18.     Arthur  Hughes,  (d). 

1580.  Nov.  16.     Joh.  Duport.- 
1584.  William  Peutlow.' 

1628.  Marmaduke  Thompson.^     (d.) 

1642.  July  13.     Richard  Sterne,^  B.D. 

1643.  John  AUcnS' 

1661.     May  8.        Stephen  llall,^  B.D.        Presented  by  Jesus  College,  as 

also  the  rest. 

'  Per  Kegem. 

'  A  cause  in  the  Court  of  Arches  was  determiiied  against  VV.  Spalding,  R.,  who  was  ordered 
to  pay  costs  and  arrears  (5  years),  at  20s.  each,  to  the  Prior  and  Convent  of  Barnwell,  to  whom 
Pagan  Peverel  gave  §■  Tythes  of  all  Demesne  lands  of  the  Knights'  fees  belonging  to  the 
Barony  of  Brune  (Bourne):   and  the  Bp.  ordains  20s.  for  ever  to  be  paid,    in  2  j>aynieuts  each 


I 


I         year,  in  satisfaction  for  j  such  Tythes. — Reg.  Alcock,  191.  f. 


1 


>  Cole,  Vol.  Ix.  p.  84. 

'  Leicestriensis;  Socius,  1574:  A.M.:  procurator  Academite  1580,  October  10,  1581;  non 
deposuit  fasces  nisi  post  creationera  Tho.  Burton,  LL.Dris.  in  Custos  Eliz.  22.  Vide  Tabulam 
Custodum,  in  Shcrmanni  Hist,  Coll.  Jesii,  p.  38. 

'  Rated  in  1595,  3  Nov.  and  2  Mar.,  for  his  Parsonage,  to  find  one  musket,  furnished. 
In  1609,  Apr.  4,  to  find  a  pair  of  enrols,  with  a  pike  furnished.  The  first  page  of  the  Register 
of  Baptisms,  beginning  1584  and  going  down  to  1587,  is  signed  by  him. 

*  Compounded  for  first-fruits,  July  31,  l(i2S,  in  the  sum  lOli.Os.'A^d.  Eboracensis:  Socius, 
1619:  A.M.:  post  gradura  susceptum  in  CoUcgio  Coramensalis  ali(iuandiu  vi.sit;  prcsentatus 
ad  Vicariam  de  Comberton,  1618,  lite  turn  pendente  inter  Epum  Eliensem  ct  Collegium 
circa  vicariam  dictam  :  admissus  anno  sequente  in  locum  vacantcm  per  resignationcm  Mri 
Watts  :  Procurator  Deputatus  M"  Boswell :  STB,  1626  :  Rector  de  Harleton  et  Wimple  in 
Com.  Cantab. 

*  He  resigned  Nov.  20,  1660,  and  on  Nov.  21  resigned  the  Mastership  of  Jesus  College 
for  the  Bishoprick  of  Carlisle;  afterwards  he  beca:iic  Archbishop  of  York.  Walker  (Suf- 
ferings of  the  Clergy,  pt.  ii.   p.  145,)  gives  a  memoir  of  him,  mentioning  that  he,  with  one  or 

two  more,  distinguished  himself  by  his  zeal  for  Charles  I.,  in  sending  to  him  the  College 
plate.  An  interesting  memorial  of  him  is  written  by  Sherman  in  his  Historia  Collcgii  Jesu, 
p.  39.  He  is  one  of  the  asserted  Authors  of  "  The  mole,  Duty  of  Man."  See  Preface  to 
Pickering's  edition,  1842. 

°  John  Allen  is  not  recognised  as  a  Rector  by  the  History  of  Jesus  College,  as  having 
supplanted  the  rightful  Incumbent  in  the  Rebellion. 

'  Appointed  but  never  inducted.  He  was  a  Canon  of  Ely.  Of  him  there  is  a  pleasing 
notice  in  Sherman's  History  of  Jesns  College,  p.  41.  A  monument  to  him  is  erected  in  the 
Ante-Chapel  of  Jesus  College;  the  inscription   on  which  is  printed  in   Blomefield's  Collect. 


86  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


1661.     July  3.       Charles  Bussey/  B.D.    (d.) 
16G2.     May  24.      John  Sherman.^  M.A. 
1071.  William  Cooke,'  D.C.L. 

Cantab.,  p.  HI.  He  was  elected  from  Pembroke  Hall  to  a  Fellowship  in  Jesus  College,  by 
Bishop  Andrewes  ;  became  Vicar  of  Guilden  Morden  in  1627;  of  All  Saints  in  1629;  President 
of  the  College  in  1639.  He  was  also  Prebendary  of  the  first  stall  at  Ely.  He  was  the  first 
Fellow  sequestered  by  the  Duke  of  Monmouth  for  refusing  the  Covenant.  He  was  restored  in 
1660,  and  became  Vicar  of  Fordham.  He  was  also  Lecturer  of  S.  Paul's.  He  was  presented 
to  Harleton  in  1661,  and  enjoyed  it  but  a  very  little  while,  dying  in  1661.  This  is  Walker's 
account  of  him,  '  Sufferings  of  the  Clergy,'  Pt.  ii.  22.  Tlie  MS.  History  of  Jesus  College,  after 
naming  the  place  of  his  birth.  All- Hallows,  Barking,  in  Loudon,  in  stating  that  he  was  Canon  of 
Ely,  adds — Primus  quod  sciam  qui  ista  dignitate  cum  sodalitio  claruit.  A  Collegio  temporum 
injuri;i  amotus  1644',  post  17  annorum  ostratismum  restitutus  1660,  presentatus  ad  Rectoriam 
de  Harleton  vacantem  per  resignalionem  Custodis  D^^ia  Sterne,  in  Collegio  moriens,  1661, 
legavit  vErario  et  Bibliothece  80  lihras  ab  executore  suo  Dri  Pearson  custode  propediem 
numeratas,  qui  et  Stephani  reliquias  in  Collegii  Sacello  urna  marmorea  claudi  jussit. 

'  Nottingharaiensis:  Socius,  1626:  AuI;e  Pembroch.  alumnus;  STB:  vicarius  omnium  Sanc- 
torum, 1629:  amotus,  1644:  restitutus,  1660:  presentatus  ad  Rectoriam  de  Harleton,  1661  : 
et  eodem  anno  praesidens:  sequent!  in  Collegio  obiit,  in  parte  australi  sacelli  sepultus. — 
MS.  Hist.  Call.  Jesu. 

'  He  wrote  the  Historia  Collegii  Jesu,  Cantab.,  first  printed  in  part,  1840,  ed.  J.  O.  Halli- 

well.    A  tablet  is  placed  to  his  memory  in  the  Ante-Chapel,  Jesus  College.     Blomefield,  Collect. 

Cant.,  p.  141.     "  Job.  Sherman  natus  apud  Dedham  in  Com.  Essex,  Coll.  Regin.  alumnus, 

fit  Coll.  Jesu  Cantab.   Socius,  1660.     Prselector  Logicus,  1656;  Acad.  Procur.  1660.     Electus 

et  praesentatus  ab  Acad.,  166 1,  ad  Rect.  de  Winslow  in  agro  Cestriensi  verum  cum  virtute  Actus 

Indemnitatis  (restaurato  Car.  2'io)  omnes  Convictiones  Recusantium  cassatae  essent,  Institutione 

caruit.    Praesentatus  aColl.  ad  Rect.  de  Harleton,  1662;  eodem  anno  Praesidens;  unuse  Syndicis 

ab    Acad,   nominatis,    1663,  ad  restituendam   Bibliothecam   Lambethanam,    et  ad  digerendam 

Bibliothecam  Holdsworthianam  ;  unus  e  12  concionatoribus  ab  Academia  eraissis,  1664;  S.T.P., 

1665;  Canon,  et  Archidiaconus  Sarisburiensis,  1670.     Mortuus  est  Londini  Mattii21,  1671. 

Collegio  legavit  lOOH. 

Qui  Socios  omnes,  Custodes,  atq.  Patronos, 

Digerit  egregios  Ordine  in  Historia  ; 

Inter  et  hie  Socios  numeretur  dignus :  et  ultra 

Shermannus  meruit,  queis  Polyhistor  erat." 

MS.  Hist.  Coll.  Jesu. 

It  has  been  said  that  he  was  ejected  from  a  Fellowship  in  Trinity  College  ;  this,  however, 
Walker  questions. — See  his  Sufferings  of  the  Clergy,  Pt.  II.   p.  160. 

'  A  monument  to  him  stands  in  the  Ante-Chapel  of  his  College:  the  epitaph  inscribed 
upon  it,  speaking  of  him  in  the  highest  praise,  is  printed  in  Blomefield,  Collect.  Cantab.,  p.  142. — 
Eboracensis:  natus  apud  Campshall:  A.M.:  praevaricator,  1656:  praelector  Rhetoricus,  1659  = 
Socius,  1660:  Taxator,  1661:  Scrutator,  1662:  Vicarius  de  Barton,  1665:  Presidens,  procu- 
rator, et  Rector  de  Harleton,  1671-2:  LL.D,  1673:  paucis  post  annis  Diocesios  Eliensis 
Cancellarius,  denatus  anno  aetatis  suae  74to,  admissionis  vero  in  Collegium  59no.  Vir  sane 
egregius,  qui  cum  multiplici  cruditione  pietatem  morumq.  probitateni,  cum  gravitate  humani- 
tatem  comitateraq :  quam  felicissime  conjunxit.  Literarum  humaniorum  incertum  an  sacrarum 
callentior  fuerit;  in  utriusque  versatissimus.  Legum  non  solum  quas  est  professus  sed  et 
municipalium  peritissimus,  nee  juris  magis  consultus  quam  justitiae  fuit,  quam  coluit  unice,  et 
qua  Cancellarius,  qua  Irenarcha  annos  supra  30  accuratissime  exercuit.  Long£evus  cum  esset, 
annos  tamen  meritis  superavit,  omnesq :  omnium  virtutum  numeros  cum  laude  explevit. 
Collegio,  vivens  moriensq:  Benefactor  extitit  munificentissimus.  Anno  1704  Librarum  5Q 
Symbolam  dedit  in  ornatum  aula?  Communis ;  anno  autem  1706,  ejusdem  valoris  Polubrum 


S.  MARY,   IIARLTON.  87 


1707. 

Charles  Ashton,"  D.D. 

1707. 

Dec. 

11. 

Joliu  Ba,-iiall,=  M.A. 

1712. 

Sejit 

18. 

Gilbert  llooke/  B.D. 

1715. 

Auff. 

8. 

John  Brooke,  B.D. 

1723. 

Jan. 

28. 

John  Lueas,^   M.A. 

1727. 

Lees  Waril,'^  M.A. 

5. 

(Jesus  Coll.  Reg'.) 

17.5G. 

Rieliard  Oakley.' 

1781. 

Jonathan  Chapman,     (d.) 

1806. 

Edward  Daniel  Clarke,«  D.C.L. 

1822. 

George  Palmer.' 

18.30. 

Charles  Maearthv. 

1839. 

James  Fendall. 

In  16T6,  the  return  made  was — Inhabitants,  7 1 ; 

Population.  ,-,  ■!->,•  Tiom        i 

no  recusants;  S  Dissenters,  in  lool,  the  census 
gave  223  as  the  number  of  inhabitants  ;  1100  acres  the  extent 
of  the  parish.     In  1841,  the  number  was  269. 

The  Parish  Rea;ister  beoins    '  Ano  Dni  1584, 

Register.  ° 

and  regni  Henry  Eight,  26' — so  it  is  headed,  and 
bears  this  imprecatory  motto,  '  Jesu  sis  mihi  Jesus.' 

et  Aqualem  in  sociorum  usum  donavit.  Supremis  Testamenti  Tabulis  600  librarum  munere 
custos  nimis  CoUegii  Reditus  adauxit,  Librosq:  sues  omnes  juridicos  pretii  haud  exigui 
Bibliothecae  legavit. 

Optimus,  atque 

Interpres  Legum  sanctissimus,  MS.  Hist.  Coll.  Jesu. 

'  Afterwards  Master  of  the  College. — Monk's  Life  of  Bentley,  p.  347.  He  was  amongst 
the  most  learned  men  of  his  time  ;  and  on  account  of  his  eminent  qualifications  was  generally 
looked  to  as  a  candidate  for  the  Divinity  (Regius)  Professorship,  when  Bentley  contrived  his 
own  election. 

'  Socius,  16S7.  Academiae  Procurator  Sen.,  1712;  quo  munere  nondum  perfunctus  ex 
vita  excessit. 

'  Eboracensis.  Socius,  1690:  Vicarius  de  Comberton  ;  postea  Rector  de  Harlton.  Morbo 
diuturno  consumptus  e  vivis  excessit. — MS.  Hist.  Colt.  Jesu. 

'  Derbiensis.  Socius,  I70S:  1709,  A.M.:  ad  Vicariam  de  Whittlesford,  1710:  — ad  vicariam 
omnium  Sanctorum,  1717:  ad  Vicariam  de  Suasey,  1720:  ad  Rectoriam  de  Graveley,  1721: 
electus  Procurator  Academiae,  1723;  praesentatus  ad  Rectoriam  do  Harlton,  1723. — MS. 
Hist.  Coll.  Jesu. 

"  Buried  in  the  Chancel,  Nov.  2,  1755.  He  was  drowned  in  a  well  close  to  the  church-yard. 
Nottinghamiensis:  Socius,  171G:  in  Artibus  Inceptor:  pra?sentatus  ad  Vicariam  dc  Swasey, 
1721:  Guilden  Morden,  1726:  ad  Rectoriam  de  Harlton,  1727:  Procurator  Academi.T,  1731. 
—MS.  Hist.  Coll.  Jesu. 

'  A.B.  Oxoniensis  (in  sodalitium  CoUegii  .lesu  electus,  1733) :  1735,  A.M.  pr.Tscntatus  ad 
Vicariam  de  Gilden  Morden,  1742. — MS.  Hislor.  Coll.  Jes. 

'  Professor  of  Mineralogy,  and  the  well-known  traveller.  His  Life,  by  Otter,  was  pub- 
lished in  1825.  "  Exchanged  with  Macarthy. 


88  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

In  the  entries  from  1689  to  1723,  the  names  of  the 
sjionsors  are  inserted  for  each  case  of  baptism. 

The  register  of  bui'ials  begins  with  the  year  1567. 

One  other  circumstance  may  be  noted — that  in  the  first  half 
of  the  eighteenth  century,  marriages  from  this  parish  were 
frequently  celebrated  in  the  Chapel  of  Jesus  College ;  perhaps 
this  was  one  of  the  effects  of  non-residence  of  the  Rectors. 
However,  this  was  stopped  by  the  Act  of  26  Geo.  II.,  in  1755. 
Memorials  "  ^^  ^^^  Chauccl  a  school  is  held,"  says  Cole, 

and  Monuments,  -wnting  about  1740;  this  is  the  case  now  on  Sundays 
only ;  in  the  week  in  a  school-room  built  by  Dr.  E.  Clarke :  and 
he  adds  these  notices : — 

"  Only  a  small  silver  cup  and  paten,  with  '  Harlton' 
written  round  it." 

"  By  the  screen  hangs  in  a  fi-ame,  an  old  ordinance  of 
Abp.  Parker's,  concerning  matrimony,  which  has  weathered 
many  generations.     At  the  bottom  of  it  is  this — 

Set  forth  by  the  most  Reverend  Father  in  God,    Matthew,   Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  Primate  of  England,  and  Metrojjolitane." 

"  In  the  Church,  particularly  in  the  middle  aisle,  several 
small  bricks,  bearing  these  arms — On  a  chevron  3  Mullets 
pierced.,  and  a  Crescent  in  the  dexter  Chief." 

Cole^  enumerates  the  following  monuments  : 

"  In  the  middle  of  the  Chancel,  a  large  black  marble  slab, 
bearing  these  words — 

William  Pentloe, 
tliirty, 
March  16,  — , 
this  only  could  be  made  out — probably  to  a  Rector." 

He  gives  a  drawing  of  the  "  most  beautiful  and  magni- 
ficent monument  of  white  alabaster,  gilt  and  painted,  and 
curiously  wrought,  raised  fi-om  the  ground  quite  to  the  ceiling. 
At  the  top  are  these  arms — p  Pale  1st  S.  on  a  Chevron  inf 
3  Dolphins  naiant  emboived  ^ . .  3  Toivers  of  the  Field,  and  a 
Crescent  for  difference,  for  Fryer,  impaling  A  a  Chein-on  inter 

'  Cole,   MSS.  vol.  ii. 


S.   MARY,    II\1!I,T0N.  89 


3  Lozenges  Ermine  and  a  Chief  Gules.  Above  these  is  a 
figure  of  Charity,  which  tcniiinutes  the  monument.  Above 
tlic  figure  of  a  man  and  Avoman,  wliirh  arc  instead  of  pillars 
to  support  the  arch,  are  two  neat  figures  representing  Religion; 
and  under  the  arch  three  figiuTs  kneeling — one  of  an  old 
man  in  a  Doctor  of  Physick's  habit,  and  of  a  young  man  in 
armour  in  the  middle:  behind  him  an  old  woman  in  the  dress 
of  her  times,  with  a  gold  chain  about  her  neck." 

On  another  tablet  below^  these,  lies  a  younger  woman 
(tradition  says  it  is  intended  for  the  wife  of  the  son)  in  black, 
also  with  her  head  reclined  on  the  left  arm,  and  a  book 
under  her  head:  at  her  feet,  under  the  figure  of  the  man, 
which  supports  the  arch,  these  arms — p  Pale  \st  Fryer,  im- 
paling p  Fess,  embattled  O.  and  G.  3  Gates  countercharged,  and 
a  crescent  for  difference.  At  her  head,  under  the  opposite 
figure,  is  the  impaled  coat.  Just  under  the  arch,  the  Fryer's 
coat  supported  by  2  Angels  and  crest — a  Serpent  A.  in'ii(fing 
round  a  Tower  S.,  on  which  stands  a  Cock  O. 

Henry  Fryer,  Esq.'  in  1632,  left  all  his  estate 
(£500  or  £600  per  annum)  to  general  charitable 
uses.  It  was  almost  all  conferred  on  Christ's  Hospital,  in 
London,  who  are  now  Lords  of  the  Manor.  This  estate  was 
charged  with  an  annuity  of  £35  to  the  poor.  This  has  been 
divided  between  two  objects,  school  and  supply  of  coals.  The 
Commissioners  for  investigating  Charities  in  1839,  reported  that 
£17  IO5.  had  been  given  to  a  schoolmaster;  and  for  this  sum 
he  was  required  to  instruct,  gratis,  all  the  children  of  the 
parish ;  no  very  high  remuneration.  The  report  shows  how 
this  was  one  of  the  many  examples  of  inactivity  and  remiss- 
ness chargeable  on  the  last  generation. 

The  Church  of  S.  Mary,  in  the  parish  of  Harlton,  is  inter- 
esting rather  for  its  style,  which  is  very  early  Perpendicular, 

'  Second  son  of  Dr.  Thomas  Fryer:  see  p.  82. 

N 


90  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


and  uniformity  of  structure,  than  from  its  great  size,  rich- 
ness, or  elaborate  ornament.  It  is,  in  fact,  an  ordinary 
country  Church,  beautifully  situated  in  a  very  quiet  and 
retired  village,  whose  verdant  trees  and  peaceful  character 
of  rural  repose  are  pleasingly  presented  to  the  traveller 
who  has  been  passing  between  the  bleak  chalk  hills  to  the 
left,  and  the  bare  uninteresting  tract  of  country  which 
stretches  far  away  to  the  right,  in  his  progress  from  Cam- 
bridge through  the  village  of  Barton.  From  the  high 
road,  indeed,  which  passes  about  half-a-mile  from  Harlton, 
the  Church  is  scarcely  visible ;  nor  would  it  be  perceived 
by  one  whose  eye  is  not  readily  arrested  by  the  ever- 
welcome  prospect  of  a  grey  tower  peering  through  the  sur- 
rounding trees,  or  who  is  not  quick  to  mark  the  one  object 
which  sanctifies  while  it  most  adonrs  every  rural  scene. 
Externally  viewed,  and  divested  of  the  associations  of  a 
picturesque  position,  there  is  little  in  the  present  building 
which  is  calculated  to  excite  more  than  usual  interest.  A 
Chancel,  a  Nave  and  Aisles,  and  a  plain  square  western 
Tower  without  a  spire,  form  the  plan :  there  are  two  Porches, 
to  the  north  and  south;  and  a  Rood  turret,  rising  above 
the  rooY  in  the  north-east  angle  of  the  Nave,  gives  variety 
and  irregularity  to  the  structure.  On  entering  the  Church, 
however,  it  is  at  once  perceived  that  it  possesses  considerable 
arcliitectural  merit,  both  in  respect  of  proportion  and  detail. 
The  Chancel  is  of  ample  size  and  beautiful  eflPect.  The  East 
window,  of  five  cinqfoiled  lights,  bears  evident  marks  in 
the  upper  members  of  its  elegant  tracery,  of  the  struggle 
between  the  graceful  flow  of  Decorated  lines  and  the  rigid 
vertical  principle  of  the  Perpendicular,  wliich  had  not  yet 
terminated  in  favour  of  the  latter.  The  arch  is  highly 
pointed,  and  the  jambs  low;  so  that  the  tracery  occupies, 
as  was  frequently  the  case  in  Decorated,  but  more  rarely  in 
Perpendicular  windows,    about  half  the  entu-e  height.     The 


S.   MARY,    IIARLTON. 


91 


date  appears  to  be  about  a.d.  1890.  On  each  side  of  this 
window,  internally,  two  very  rich  and  elaborate  niches  still 
remain  nearly  perfect ;  and  below  it  is  a  remarkable  Keredos 
of  stone,  still  entire,  and  perliaps  tlie  only  instance  of  the 
kind  in  thc^  county.  It  contains  in  the  upper  part  thirteen 
small  compartments,  cinqfoilcd,  and  with  crockcted  canopies. 
Tliese  doubtless  formerly  held  statues.  The  central  compart- 
ment forms  a  deep  recess  in  tlie  wall,  and  was  designed 
for  the  reception  of  holy  relicks,  which  appear  to  luuc 
been  sometimes  kept  in  a  recess  immediately  above  the  altar, 
as  in  the  present  instance,  or  at  All  Saints,  Tinwell,  in  Rut- 
landshire, where  a  square  sculptured  reliquary  is  seen  ex- 
ternally below  the  East  window,  built  into  the  masonry  of  the 
wall,  and  evidently  inserted  for  this  purpose.  The  Piscina  is 
large  and  handsome,  and  is 
surmounted  by  a  square  hood 
with  foliated  spancUils,  and 
terminated  by  weU- carved 
heads.  The  Sedilia  appear 
in  the  south-east  window-cill. 
In  the  north  wall,  opposite 
the  Sedilia,  are  several  muti- 
lated brackets,  or  fragments 
of  statues.  This  wall  is  pierced 
by  a  single  window  of  two 
lights,  ha\'ing  good  tracery 
and  an  equilateral  arch.  The 
ordinary  monogram  of  the 
Holy  Trinity  in  ruby  glass, 
with  black  letter  scripture, 
coeval  with  the  fabrick,  re- 


f:v}\ 


PisL-iua. 


mains  perfect  in  tlris  window,  and  is  almost  the  only  fragment 
of  stained  glass  now  to  be  found,  though  previous  to  the 
repairs   of   the   Church,    (of   which    we    shall   lia\e   more   to 


Q2  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

say  hereafter,)  about  a  year  ago,  a  considerable  number  of 
ancient  pieces  existed,  among  which  were  many  initial  letters, 
curiously  painted  in  black  and  yellow,  on  a  white  ground. 
The  south  wall  of  the  Chancel  contains  two  windows  of  similar 
character  and  date;  that  over  the  Sedilia  of  three  lights,  that 
to  the  west  the  same  as  the  opposite  window  on  the  north 
side.  Between  them  is  a  good  Priest's  door.  The  roof  is 
nearly  flat,  of  open  timber,  and  appears  to  be  partly  modern, 
partly  composed  of  the  ancient  beams.  The  Chancel-arch  is 
very  fine,  and  has  much  of  Decorated  character  in  its  mould- 
ings. The  label  is  terminated  by  very  grotesque  and  curiously 
carved  figures,  of  which  there  are  also  some  remarkable  ex- 
amples in  the  dripstones  of  the  windows.  The  ancient  Chancel 
stalls  remain  on  both  sides  of  the  Chancel  arch,  and  have 
good  carved  panels  and  plain  poppy-heads.  The  Rood-screen 
is  of  stone,  very  plain,  but  good  in  design. 

Our  readers  must  understand    that  our  view 

Nave. 

of  the  interior  of  the  Nave  was  taken  before  the 
late  repair  of  this  Church.  They  Avill  now  look  in  vain 
for  the  rich  old  oaken  seats,  with  their  panelled  and  but- 
tressed sides;  they  have  all  been  removed  (being  much  de- 
cayed) and  replaced  by  deal  seats,  which  however  possess 
the  rare  merit  of  being  left  open  as  before,  and  are  of 
tolerable  design.  The  piers  and  arches  are  of  lofty  and 
beautiful  proportions;  the  latter  are  nearly  equilateral.  The 
piers  are  in  their  plan  (which  is  given  in  our  engraving) 
intermediate  between  the  usual  Decorated  and  the  Perpendi- 
cular arrangement,  though  the  mouldmgs  incline  rather  to 
the  latter  style.  The  caps  are  of  unusually  meagre  and 
shalloAv  developement.  There  is  no  Clerestory  to  the  Nave, 
and  a  low-pitched  king-post  roof,  probably  of  the  seventeenth 
century,  with  wall-pieces  springing  from  large  and  well-cut 
corbel-heads,  somewhat  abruptly  terminates  the  finely  ascend- 
ing lines  of  the  ancient  masonry. 


S.   MAUY,    HARI.TON. 


93 


Belfry  Arch. 


There  is  a  noble  arcli,  now  unhappily  blocked, 
which  communicates  between  the  Nave  and  tlie 
Tower.  The  mouldings  are  continuous,  extremely  deep  and 
bold,  and  chiefly  of  Decorated  detail.  The  Font  is  an  absurd 
pagan  vase,  placed  upon  a  stone  pedestal.  The  pulpit  is  a 
rich  Jacobean  specimen  in  good  preservation. 

The  north  Aisle  is  entered  by  a  fine  Porch, 
which  was  formerly  groined,  but  the  lower  parts  of 
the  cross  springers  now  alone  remain  to  bear  record  of  the  fact. 
The  inner  doorway  has  rich  continuous  mouldings,  and  attached 
to  the  western  jamb,  in  the  angle,  is  a  mutilated  Benatura, 


Aisles. 


with  a  foliated  basin,  which  is  not  of  common  occurrence. 
The  outer  doorway  has  jamb-shafts,  and  good  mouldings  of 
pure  Decorated  character.  The  East  wall  is  pierced  with  a 
fine  large  two-light  window,  of  partially  Decorated  tracery, 
and  a  transom.  The  north  wall  contains  three  similar  windows, 
of  three  lights,  all  with  transoms,  and  cinqfoilcd  heads  below 
them,  excepting  the  north-eastern  window,  in  which  the  transom 
is  plain.     The   entrance   to  the   Rood    turret  is  in  this  part 


94 


CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


of  the  church,  throvigh  a  good  ancient 
door  with  floriated  hinges.  It  is  as- 
cended by  a  newel  staircase  of  stone, 
lighted  by  narrow  trefoiled  lancets,  of 
most  beautiful  design ;  and  a  spiral 
bead  is  sunk  in  the  wall  to  assist  in 
the  ascent.  At  the  top  is  a  small 
door  opening  upon  the  roof  of  the 
Nave,  which  is  covered  with  lead.  Of 
the  south  Aisle  nothing  remains  to  be  4^ 
said,  since  its  character  is  the  same  as 


M 

s   1 

I' 

-■■■''■'! 

l,  ]*i 

\m 

!>  ::?'W^ 


that  just  described,  with  the  exception 

of  the  East  window,  which  has  three  lights 


Rood  Door.     Scale,  1-4  in.  to  a  foot. 


The  Porch  how- 


E.  Window,  S.  Aisle 


S.    MARY,   IIARLTON. 


95 


ever   is   different,    and   of  vovy    ffood    design.      The    interior 


T.sni==^'-~ 


Inner  Doorway,  South  Porcli, 


doorway  is  large,  and  has  rich  continuous  mouldings  with 
square  hood  and  quatrcfoilcd  circles  in  the  spandrils.  The 
outer  doorway  is  also  good,  and  has  a  bold  label  terminated 
by  heads,  and  fine  mouldings  of  Decorated  contour. 

The  To^^■cr  is  a  very  plain  structure,  and  con- 
tains nothing  remarkable.  It  is  embattled,  of 
two  stages,  and  supported  by  angular  buttresses  of  three 
stages.  The  belfry  windows  appear  to  have  formerly  been  of 
two  lights ;  the  muUion  is  now  removed.  The  bells  are  in 
a  most  neglected  state.  One  is  broken ;  two  bear  the  dates 
1622  and  1636  respectively.  In  the  lower  stage,  on  the 
southern  side,  is  a  singular  recess  in  the  wall,  which  may 
have  been  connected  with  the  sance-bell ;  but  it  does  not,  like 
that  at  Trumpington,  reach  to  the  ground. 

There  are  no    monuments  of  any  interest  re- 
Monuments.  .    .        .  .  n       n     •        ^ 
mainmg  m  the  church.     The  vestiges  of  a  flonated 

sepulchral   stone  cross   may  be  traced   on  a   slab  witliin   the 

Altar  rails ;  and  in  the  south  Aisle  a  cumbrous  and  unsightly 

structure  of  1631,  a  more  lengthened  descrii^tion  of  which  is 

inserted  in  p.  88. 


90  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


General  condition  The  fabrick,  before  its  late  repairs,  was  in 
and  appearance.  ^  ^ery  dilapidated  and  most  neglected  condition. 
Being  built  almost  entirely  of  cluncli  (the  principal  quarries  of 
which  are  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood)  the  outer  walls 
were  decayed  and  ragged,  and  could  only  have  been  properly 
restored  by  being  faced  and  pointed  anew,  at  a  A'ery  considerable 
cost.  The  church  however  has  now  been  made  weather-proof 
and  neat  and  clean ;  and  perhaps  this  is  all  the  praise  that 
can  be  bestowed  upon  it.  The  whole  of  the  exterior  has  been 
plaistered  with  that  worthless  and  detestable  material,  Roman 
cement,  duly  jointed  and  coloured  to  look  like  stone.  Some 
of  the  strings  and  movddings,  especially  at  the  basement,  appear 
to  have  had  their  full  share  of  this  disastrous  composition,  so 
that  their  original  contour  cannot  everywhere  be  ascertained 
by  a  casual  observer.  A  modern  vestry  has  been  erected  at 
the  north-east  end  of  the  Chancel,  likewise  covered  with 
cement,  which,  after  the  lapse  of  scarcely  a  year,  is  crumbling 
to  pieces  and  honestly  displaying  the  red  brick  which  it  dis- 
dains to  hide. 

We  do  not,  in  these  remarks,  wish  to  throw  blame  where 
none  is  justly  due.  Probably  the  architect  had  no  other  course 
to  pursue,  and  the  parish  no  more  money  to  expend  upon  the 
restoration.  But  an  important  lesson  may  be  learnt  fi-om  such 
cases :  that  wherever  a  parish  has,  from  long  apathy  and  neglect, 
suffered  a  noble  ancient  church  to  fall  into  all  but  complete 
decay;  when  means  are  at  length  taken  for  repairing  it,  the 
w^ork  must  either  be  so  badly  and  cheaply  done  as  to  entail 
a  mutilated  and  poorly-patched  church  upon  posterity,  or  (which 
however  is  by  far  the  better  alternative)  the  parishioners  must 
half  ruin  themselves  for  a  time,  to  restore  it  to  its  original 
strength  and  beauty. 


Head  ofyeweZ  Staircctse, 
jRood  Turret 


StriH^ 

/>Ufrtor  trf  Tiavf 


hfferior  Doorntti^ .    Snufh  PorcTv 


Exterior    Doorwau .    South   Porch 


Cha.ncel  Arch, 


Interior  J)oorwuj^   NorCh  Porch 


JLxterutr  Zfoortva^     2i'oTth  Porcft 


.MlM'LDIX*;^.   HARLTON  CHURCH. 


.-.M 


tfr^.Sm^:<j^M 


-^<::-*^'-^^ 


•  Li..'    *>'.;■' 


/^^_^ 


?lIbli^llMlm•Thlt!(vo  3'wm.". 


— K  .>''  — --C  ,    ^  ---     -' 


D«y  tKn,^  IjtL"  '0  tlia  Qui 


JHLiJfe  L  T  V)  JK'       .:  Ji.  'ii   J!-  ■" 
JniTnnrrrBmthe'ililff^t . 

Fuklish'dliy'IliimMStpKCTJtm.Csobn'iii! 


f^a^Itnfffielti  efturct). 


7  ASELINGFIELD— according   to  ancient 
orthography  IIesli/H()feJ(l  and  HasseUing- 
Jield,  now  currently  written  Haslingfield ; 
in     the    Deanery     of    Barton,      in     the 
Archdeaconry   of  Ely,  in    the  Hundred 
of  Wetherley,   of   old  Wederlai  —  lies   5    miles 
almost   south   of   Cambridge.      It    is   seated   on 
the  north  side  of  a  hill.     The    sqil  is  not  un- 
fruitful, and  bettered  by  the  neighbourhood  of 
the  river   Rhee,    or  Rhea,    which   runs  by    the 
town  to  Cambridge.'     It  was  once  so  honoured 
as  to  give  name  to  the  Deanery." 

The  Church  is  dedicated 
*  to  All  Saints. 

1352  Dio  Jovis,  in  Festo  Sci  Maclielli,  Eoclcsia 
de  Haselyngt'elcl  in  lionorom  oainium  Scoru  di'dicata 
per  Thoiiiam  Epuiu,  inter  Festa  Sci  Micliis   et  Sci 
Androc— il/S.  Wren.  127. 

It   is    a  Vicarage.     The    Advowson    belonged 

Advowson.  ..,,  r<  ini-  i^  ii- 

originally  to  Somery  s  Manor ;  but  was  lost  in 
a  suit  between  Stephen  Somery  and  the  Abbot  of  York,  in 
tlie  reign  of  King  John.'' 


Layer,  Cole's  MSS.,  v.  xxii. 
Monasl.  Anglic.  388, 104. 


«  See  MSS.  189,  p.  10.  Cains  Coll. 


Value. 


98  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

In  another  place/  Diigdale  says  the  Church  was  given 
by  Stephen,  Duke  of  Brittany,  to  the  Priory  of  Eomburgh, 
Suffolk,  A.  D.  1284;  which  was  a  cell  to  the  Abbey  at  York, 
one  of  the  small  monasteries  suppressed  in  1528,  and  granted 
to  Cardinal  AVolsey  for  his  College  at  Ij)swich. 

A.fter  the  dissolution  of  monasteries,  Sir  T.  Wendy,  having 
purchased  the  Abbey  estate  here,  became  possessed  of  the  Ad- 
vowson.  From  the  Wendy  family  it  passed  to  Sir  Eoger 
Burgoine,  about  1710.  In  1753,  Mrs.  L'Isle  was  patron. 
It  now  belongs  to  Charles  Michell,  Esq.,  of  Forcett  Hall,  near 
Darlington. 

In  1290,  the  Church   (i.e.    the  Rectory)  was 
valued  at  38/.  13*.  42d.;  the  Vicarage  at  4?.  6s.  8d. 
In  the  Taxation  of  1291,  we  find  this  statement — 

Ecclesia  de  Haselinefield  taxatur  ad  t-  marc. 

IX 

.   docimatur    4L 
In  Bp.  Gray's  Register,  Ecclesie  Valor  was  put  down  55  marc; 
Vicaria,  6  J  marc.     In  the  Kind's  Books  the  statement  is — 

Valet  Vicaria         .         .         .         81.  10s.  7^d. 

Solvit  decimas       .         .         .  17*.  9|c?. 

In   1754,  the  value  was  £300.'     In  the  Liber  Ecclesiasticus 

the  sum  given  is  £550. 

It  will,   perhaps,  be  considered  worth  while  to  give  the 

conclusion  of  the  process"  respecting  the  Tithes,  which  was 

had   between    the   Vicar    and   Patron   Abbey,    in    1484;    as 

shewing  the   nature   of  the   provision   made   for  incumbents 

in  that  day,  and  wherein  their  burdens  consisted.     It  furnishes 

to  patrons  of  benefices  at  this  day  solid  reasons  for  a  good 

example  of  liberality. 

"  Constat — Portionem  vicarii  perpetui — solum  et  in  solidum  fiiisse  et  esse 
in  Altoragio  dicte  ecclesie,  cum  lino  et  Canape  ac  tribus  Marcatis  Deciraarum 
Bladi  nomine   ad   sustentationem  Vicarii  porpctui  pro   tempore,    Curam    aiii- 


*  Monast.  Anglic.  111.  610.  '  MS.  note,  Ecion's  Thesaurus,  p.  93,  University  Library. 

'  Cole  MSS.  xxi.  271—2. 


ALL  SAINTS,  HASLINGFIELD.  99 


marum  de  et  in  cadom  ecclesia  gerentis  ad  omnia  ad  singula  oncra  ecdesio 
predicto  incumbentia  supportanda.  Que  quidcni  iiortio  adeo  tenuis  fuit  toni- 
poribus  retroaetis,  ct  jam  esse  dinoscitur,  quod  ^'it•al•ius  jjredicte  Ecclesie  ex 
eadom  llospitalitatem  servarc,  et  alia  onera  eidem  incumbentia  supportare 
noquaqnam  potuissot,  aut  potest  in  present!.  Sciatis  igitur,  quod  nos  Iniio 
morbo  congruam  adliibcre  medolam  volcntes  portionem  predietam  ex  uuanimi 
consensu  et  assensu  totius  Capituli  nostri  augmontando,  pietate  moti,  auximus 
et  pro  porpctuo  auguientando  melioranius  in  liunc  uioduni.  In  ])i'imis  viz 
volumus,  ct  pro  prcscnti  pro  nobis  et  successoribus  nostris  danuis  et  con- 
cedimus,  quod  dictus  magister  Robortus  Adam,  modernus  diete  Ecclesie 
Viearius,  ac  onincs  et  singuli  succossorcs  sui  dicte  Ecclesie  Vicarii  pro  tempore 
existentes,  qui  Pondus  diei  et  Estus  suis  Temporibus  successi\is  habct  ct 
continue  habebunt,  ultra  portionem  suam  predietam  liabeant  pro  pcrpctuo 
mansum  pro  \'^icario  ejusdcm  Ecclesie  ab  antiquo  ordinatum  suis  jiropriis 
sumptibus  et  exponsis  repaianduni  et  manutenendum  cum  suis  pertineutiljus : 
quodque  habeant  et  percipient  dictus  Mag"'  Rob.  Adam,  Viearius,  ct  singuli 
successores  sui  Vicarii  ejusdem  Ecclesie  cum  ouere  reparationis  Caneolli  tlicte 
Ecclesie  parocliialis  ad  quam  virtute  Ordinationis  ejusdem  tcnontur :  necnon 
cum  onere  Solutionis  annul  Census  sivo  annuo  Pensionis  vel  Prajstationis 
viginti  solidorum  celle  uostre  de  Romeburgh  ab  antiquo  de,  et  in  oadem 
Ecclesia  debite  et  solvi  consuete,  omnimodas  decimas  Feni  et  aliarum  rerum  deci- 
mabilium  quarumcunquc  do,  et  in  omnibus  et  singulis  Tcrris  et  Locis  infra 
Finos  Limites  Bundas  et  Loca  Decimationis  dicte  Ecclesie  parocliialis,  quo  a 
Tempore  cujus  Initii  sive  Contrarii  Ilominum  memoria  nou  existit,  fueiunt 
et  nunc  sunt  extra  agriculturam  rodacta :  et  omnimodas  Decimas  Lane,  Agnel- 
lorum,  Vitulorum,  Ortorum,  Aucarum'  ac  alias  Decimas  minutas  et  perst)lutiones 
quascunque.  Necnon  Oblationes  Mortuaria  et  alias  quascunqiie  Obventiones 
Ecclesiasticas  de  et  in  dicta  parocliiali  Ecclesia,  vel  Capella  ab  eadem  de])endenti, 

pro   tempore   perveniondo salvis   nobis   et   successoribus    nostris    nomine 

monasterii  nostri  predicti,  manso  Rectorie  dicte  Ecclesie,  cum  omnibus  ct 
singulis  Gardinis,  Terris,  Tenementis,  Clausuris,  Pascuis,  et  Pasturis,  Terris, 
Tenementis,  Silvis,  et  Redditibus,  quibus  dicta  parocliialis  Ecclesia,  extra 
Mansum  pro  Vicario  predicto,  cum  Tcrris,  et  locis  eidem  pertinentibus, 
dotata  existit  cum  suis  pertinentiis  ac  Decimis  Bladi,  de  et  in  omnibus  et 
ommimodis  Terris  vocatis  Monesland,  ac  omnibus  aliis  Terris  et  locis  infra 
Fines,  Limites,  Bundas'  et  Loca  Decimationis  profato  parodi.  Eeclie  de  Iles- 
lynfeld  pro  temp.  quomodolitiT  portinentia,  una  cum  Decimis  Silve  cedue  ubiq. 
infra  Fines  dicte  Eeclie  Crocique"  ct  Feui  ac  Bladi  et  Rerum  Dccimalium 
quarumcunq.,  de  et  in  Terris  et  Locis  quibuscunq.  infra  Fines,  Limites  Bundas 
ct  Loca  predicta  ubi(pie  extra  Agriculturam  iu  presenti  existentia,  qui  saltern 
infra  tompus  mcmorie  Hominum  ad  Bladum  culti  fuerunt.     Necnon   de  et  in 

'  Sc.  Ansenim.     Vid.  Diicange  .1  1  >0'. 

'  It  appears  from  old  documents  that  saffron  was  grown  about  Cambridge,  no  less  than 
in  the  adjoining  county  about  Satfion  Waldcn. 


100  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


omnibus  Ten-is  et  Locis  nunc  existentibus  in  siniili  cultura  etiam  si  in 
futurum  extra  Agriculturain,  si  qui  tales  fuerint,  aliquo  Tempore  enmt.  Et 
quod  insui>er  volumus  et  per  presentes  ex  unanimi  Consensu  et  Assensu  nostris 
concedinuis,  quod  dictus  Vicarius  et  singuli  successores  sui  pro  perpetuo  sint 
liberi,  exonerati  et  quieti  ab  omni  onere  Solutionis  Deeiniarum  quarumcunq. 
Dno  nostro  Regi,  et  Subsidii  cujuscunq.  Dno  nostro  Pape,  seu  E]iiscopo  Elicnsi 
pro  tempore  debendi  seu  solvendi :  necnon  Reparationis,  Manutentiouis,  et 
Refectionis  Mansi  Rectorie  Ecelesie  predicte ;  quorum  omnium  et  singulorum 
onus  in  nos  et  successores  nostros  et  prefatum  Monasterium  nostrum  predictum 
inde  oneramus;  et  ad  perpotuam  Solutionem  eorundem,  et  singulorum  ipsorum, 
cum  casus  emerserit,  nos  et  successores  nostri  predicti  ex  nunc  prout  ex  tunc, 
et  ex  tunc  prout  ex  nunc,  harum  serie  obligamus,  dictum  Mag.  Robertum, 
Vicarium  modernum,  et  ejus  successores  quoscunque  inde  pro  perpetuo  exone- 
rantes.  Et  ulterius  nos  predictus  Thomas  (sc.  Botbe)  Abbas  et  Conventus 
volumus,   et  per  Presentes  concedimus,  quod  dictus  Mag''.  Rob.  Vicarius  et 

singuli  successores  sui babeant  et  percipient  de  nobis  et  successoribus 

nostris  aunuatim  in  Festis  S.  Martini  in  llyeme,  et  Pentecostes,  equis  Por- 
tionibus,  tredecim  Solidos  et  quatuor  Denarios  in  ampliorem  Augmentationem 
dicte  Portionis,  ultra  tres  Marcatas  in  Ordinatione  predicta  contentas  quarum 
annuam  Portionem  nos  et  successores  nostros  subire  debere  cognoscimus  ac 
subire  volumus  et  concedimus,  et  ad  id  nos  et  successores  nostros  obligamus 
per  Presentes." 

And  then  proviso  is  added,  that  the  grant  be  of  no  effect 
to  those  who  disturb  the  Convent  in  any  of  the  above  specified 
rights  of  its  own ;  and  the  date  concludes  the  document. 

Sir  Thomas  Wendy,  the  patron  after  the  Abbey  of  York, 
showed  a  worthy  example  of  patron-like  liberality,  for  which 
he  is  justly  commemorated  by  Bishop  Kennet,'  the  historian 
of  Impropriations,  as  an  eminent  instance  of  affection  to  the 
Church  in  preceding  reigns. 

Another  document   we   cannot   forbear    quoting   here,    as 

illustrative  of  the  customs  of  ecclesiastical  property  in  ancient 

times.     It  is  from  Baker's  MSS.    xxxii.  p.  185.     The  article 

is  an  extract  from  "  Particulars  of  the  Lands,  &c.  granted  to 

Thomas  Wendy,  D.M.,  38  Hen.  VIII.  1546."     It  begins  with 

an  indenture,  made  1520,  (12  Hen.  VIII.)  witnessing  that 

The  Reverende  Father  in  Gode  Edmunde  Abbotte  of  the  Monasterye  of 
our  Blesside  (Lady)    of  Yorke   and  the  Convente — have   devisyde   graunted 

^  Cane  of  Iniprt/pyialloiis,   p.  -131. 


ALL  SAINTS,    IIASLINGFIELD.  101 


ami  letton  to  farnic  to  John  Crako  of  Heslynfelde  yoman  the  personage  of 

the  Cluirfh — with  all  iloniayncs  modowes  mores   coniiiions  ami  pastures 

with   all   coiumodities  and  advantages  dewo  to  the  sayd  Monasteryo unto 

thende  and  tcrme  of  lx  yeres — foloyngo ;  yeldynge  therforc  yerly  to  the 
sayd  Brodenio  of  the  s''  Mouasterye,  Students  in  Cambridge  or  their  deimtes, 
at  the  Feast  of  the  Purificacyon  of  our  Ladye  and  Soynt  Peter  ad  Vincta, 
or  within  xx  dayes  nexte  after  ether  of  the  s''  Peastes,  by  even  porcyons 
XX  ''*■  of  lawful  money  of  Englande  besides  these  somes  ensuynge :  that  is 
to  saye  the  s<i  John  shall  paye  to  the  Vicare — yerly  for  his  Pencyon  liii'.  4''. 
at  y*'  ternies  aceustomede,  to  the  Pryor  of  BerncwcU  xx" :  to  the  Stewarde 
for  his  fee  xx' :  to  the  Kjnigc  pro  Vis.  Franc,  pleg.  xii'' :  to  the  Bishoppe 
for  visytacyons  4*  5''  ob.  or  whatsoever  it  be  more  or  less :  and  to  the  same 
for  syuage  and  prociu'ac.  .3'  10'',  and  for  Strawe  to  the  Parish  Cliurche 
there  in  wynter  season  4'.  Furderniore — shall  at  his  proper  costs  and  cliarges 
discharge  the  s*  Abbotte — agenste  y=  s""  Bishoppe  as  well  of  y«  sequestracyou 
made  of  late  in  y'=  sayd  personage,  as  herafter  to  be  made  ether  for  decaye 
of  y'^  Maneyon  there  (or)  defawte  of  paymente  of  anye  of  the  s"*  somes 
dewring  ye  yeres  aforesayde. 

He  was  to  pay  £40  for  the  rebuilding  of  the  mansion 
lately  destroyed  by  fire.  He  was  to  uphold  and  sustain  all 
the  barns,  make  defence  along  the  springs  against  cattle : 
and  he  was  to  this  licensed  to  take  timber,  provided  he  did 
not  fell  by  the  roots  any  wood  of  '  warrnate'  (walnut) ;  and 
to  take  stone  from  the  quarrell.  Taxes  and  '  dismes'  (tenths) 
were  to  be  paid  by  the  Convent,  aU  other  dues  by  the  lessee. 
It  was  further  provided,  that — 

If  it  shall  fortune  the  seide  students  to  be  compulsede  eyther  by  reason 
of  death'  m  the  Univcrsite  or  other  cause  to  come  to  the  s''  jjei'sonage,  as 
they  have  been  in  times  paste,  that  then  tlie  s"^  J.  Crake  and  his  assign 
shall  provide  for  them  in  the  s''  personage  one  onoste  Chamber  to  be  occupiede 
by  them, — payenge  for  y''  meate  and  di'ynke  and  other  tiiynges  ncccssarye. 
And  the  s"*  Students  shall  have  libertey  in  fyshyng  there  in  y"^  Kyvcre  for 
their  Recroacyon. 

'  There  is  an  example  of  the  like  offer  of  refuge  in  the  account  of  the  doing  of  W.  Renndl, 
aFellowof  King's  college,  rector  of  Tichwell  in  Norfolk,  1381 ;  who  built  several  rooms  in  the 
farms  belonging  to  the  then  Gonville  Hall,  whereunto  the  Scholars  might  resort  when  the  plague 
should  appear  in  Cambridge.  A  history  of  pastis  in  Cambridge  would  be  not  a  very  narrow 
field  of  narrative.  The  knowledge  and  energy  of  later  limes  has  done  very  much  to  remove 
the  natural  causes  of  epidemics  in  this  locality,  where  they  prevailed  to  such  an  e.\tcnt  as  to 
lose  their  proper  appellations,  if  they  ever  gained  them,  in  the  common  name  of  pcslis,  or 
plague.  Yet  energy  lias  even  now  not  eifected  all  that  knowledge  suggests,  or  all  that  reason 
might  lead  to  expect. 


102  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


After  the  citation  of  this  indenture  it  is  added,  that  the 
property  was  a  Lordship  of  itself,  and  that  the  Advowson 
was,  as  parcel  of  it,  in  the  King's  gift. 

All  this  valued  at  xxii  lib.  3s.  4f?.,  exclusive  of  Ais.  M. 
for  tenth,  was  granted  to  Dr.  Wendy  in  consideration  of  his 
surrendering  to  the  King  an  annuity  of  £4:0  out  of  the 
Manor  of  Poynings,  granted  to  him  by  the  Earl  of  Northum- 
berland. 

The  other  ecclesiastical  payments  with  which,  in  old  times, 
the  parish  was  charged,  are  as  follow :° 

£.     s.     d. 
Ecclesia  solvit  proour.  Episcopo      ...  ...         0     9     9) 

Vicaria  ejusdem  ...  ...  ...  0     12) 

Porcio  Prioris  de  Bern  well  in  eadem         ...  1     4     0 

Bona  Prioris  de  Anglcsoye  taxantur  ad    ...  2  17     6 

Bernwell  0     4     0 

Abbatis  Eboracensis         ...  5  16     0 
In  1533,  there  was  due  at  the  Bishop's  Visitation' — 
Synod.                 Den.  Pet.                  Synod.  Procur. 

xiiij'*.  iiij'.  xiiij''.  xviij''. 

and  Ely  Farthings,  xxij"*. 

Manors.  The  followiug  Mauors  are  enumerated : 


1. 

Manor  of  Scales. 

2. 

"         Meuchins  or  Mincins,   corrupted  from  Mount  Hensies   or  de 

Monte-Caniso. 

3. 

"         Melford  (or  Roger  of  Melford's). 

4. 

"         Sterne. 

1.  This,  with  other  lands,  was  given  by  Edward  I.  to  Sir 
Robert  de  Scales,  in  regard  of  his  valorous  service  in  the 
Scottish  wars.  In  this  family  it  continued  until  the  time  of 
Edw.  IV.,  when  it  went  to  the  Earl  of  Oxford  and  W.  Tindall, 
cousins  of  the  last  heiress.*  The  latter  family  held  it  until 
it  was  purchased  by  Dr.  Wendy.  He  had  all  the  Manors 
except  Sterne's  in  Mary's  reign. 

This  Dr.  Wendy  was  one  of  the  principal  grantees  of 
monastic   property   in   this  country.     A   list    of  the  different 

•  Regist.  Fleetwood,  Ta.ratio,  A.D.  121l()  — 1. 

•  Caius  Coll.  .\JSS.  170.  p.  19.  <  Camd.  Brit.  f.  413. 


ALL    SAINTS,    HASLINGFIELD.  10.3 


grants  made  to  him  by  Edw.  VI.,  is  in  Lysons'  MSS.,  944, 
p.  421. 

The  Earl  of  Delawarr  now  owns  the  property  by  inherit- 
ance from  INIr.  Lyell,  his  lordship's  maternal  grandfather,  who 
purchased  it  from  Sir  Roger  Burgoine ;  he  from  the  Wendy 
family. 

2.  This  was  Stephen  Somcry's  possession;  and  came  to 
John  de  Monte-Caniso,  Peter  Pigott,  Roger  or  Robert  do 
Bachworth.  It  came  afterwards  to  the  Cro^^•n ;  by  whom  it 
was  granted  to  the  Nuns  of  Stratford.'^  At  the  Dissolution 
it  was  granted  to  Sir  Ralph  Sadler;  from  him  it  came  into 
Dr.  "Wendy's  hands. 

In  Cole,  vol.  xxii.,  an  account  of  these  Manors  is  given 
at  some  length. 

The  Convent,  by  their  attorney,  answered  tlie  King's 
(Edw.  I.)  placitum  quo  warranto  before  the  Justices  on  circuit, 
that  they  held  "  sok  ct  sak,  tol  et  theam,  visum  franci  plegii, 
catalla  felonum  ct  fugitivorum,  et  amerciamenta  hominum 
suorum,"  by  the  gift  of  King  Henry  III.,  in  Haselingfield." 


Conventual  The  Abbey  at  York  had  ix  (90)  acres  in  almes. 

Property.  _  .  xx 

The  Priory  of  Anglesey,  a  hide  of  land,  or  -si 
acres.  The  Priory  of  Clerkenwell,  a  hide  of  land,  by  free  gift 
from  Will,  de  Sancto  Gcorgio,  made  with  the  knowledge  of 
the  Lord  Rob.  Beche,  who  was  '  capud  feodi,'  in  1194.'  The 
Nunnery  of  Stratford  had  a  gift  of  land  from  Christiana  Sumeri 
and  her  son ;  confirmed  by  King  Stephen.' 

A  Chantry  was  founded  here  by  Sir  Robert  de  Scales, 
in  the  reign  of  Edw.  I.  The  license  of  founding  is  given 
in  Cole,  vol.  xxi.  183,  from  Bishop  Goodrich's  Register;  it 
runs  thus  ; 


''  This  was  a  Benedictine  Nunnery,   also  called  S.  Leonard's,  Bromley,  being  in  Bromley 
parish,  but  near  Stratford. 

"  Dugdale  (Bandinel),  iv.  122.     In  the  Index  it  is  wrongly  put  Ilasclingfield,  Kent. 
■  Monast.  Anglic.  1.  pt.  IV.  p.  291).  '   Ibid.  p.  443. 


104  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


Quod  ipse  dare  possit  et  assiguare  uiium  messuagium  et  50  acras  Torre 
cum  pertinentiis  in  Haslynfeld  que  de  nobis  tenentur  in  Capite  Aldermanno 
et  fratribus  de  Fraternitate  Gilde  Assumptionis  beate  Marie  de  Haslyngfeld, 
habcuda  sibi  et  successoribus  suis  de  nobis  et  heredibus  nostris  per  servicia 
inde  debita  et  ad  inveniendum  quondam  Capollamim  (qui  celebret)  Divina 
singulis  diebus  in  quadam  CapeUa  beate  Marie  in  dicta  Villa  de  novo  fundata 
pro  Animabus  Progenitorum  nostrorum,  &c. 

This  document  is  dated  '  26  Mart,  anno  regni  Anglie  decimo 
octavo,  regni  vero  nostre  Francie  quinto.' 

This  Robert  de  Scales  had  been  licensed  by  Bishop  Thomas 
de  Insula  (1351)  to  have  Divine  service  in  the  oratory  or 
chapel  of  his  Manor-house. 

Another  Chantry  was  of  the  Nativity  of  the  Blessed  Virgin. 
The  estate  was  granted  to  Dr.  Wendy. 

Cole'  gives  us  this  tradition  ; 

"  There  is  a  place  near  called  the  Lady  of  White  Hill,  where  was  a  Chapel, 
and  the  Lady  Mary's  Picture  in  it  in  memory  of  man,  where  there  was  a 
Pilgrunage,  and  many  foolish  devotions  performed." 

He  adds — 

"  The  place  is  called  Wliite  Hill  or  Chapel  Hill ;  but  there  are  no  remains 
of  the  Chapel." 

The  place  is  now  known  by  the  name  of  Chapel  Bush. 

Church  The  Archdeacon  of  Ely's  Book'  gives  this  list 

Furniture,     ^f  Church  Fumiture  : 

Haslingfend  appriata  Abbati  Ebor.  Est  ibi  Vicarius  .  Ix  marc  .  taxaco  . 
solvit  pro  Sinod.  ij*.  iiijcZ.  procur.  x^•iijrf.  Den.  Sti.  Pet.  iiij«.  Ornamenta  sunt 
hec.  i.  Missal,  ij.  Antiph.  ij.  gradal.  ij.  troperia.  iij.  psalteria.  ij.  ordinal. 
Turribul.  Tunica  Dalmatica  .  crux  deaurata  .  Lanterna  .  Legend,  in  duobus 
voluibus  .  (ij.  cum  psalter.)  manual.  Crismator.  iiij.  phiole  .  v.  paria  vestiment. 
cum  pertinonciis  .  ij.  Rochete  .  vi.  superpellicia  .  iiij.  Calicos.  Cappe  Chori  de 
dono  Abbatis  .  i.  do  dono  Vicar,  unu  Ordinal,  cum  Martilog.  duo  paria  Can- 
delabr.  v.  paria  Corporalium  .  iij.  Frontal,  pixis  .  xi.  vexilla.  i.  Portifor.  in  loco 
Missal,  uuum  Missale  bonum  de  dono  dni  Johis  de  Wokoton  \'icar.  Una  cappa 
chori  de  serico  glauco  cum  amicta .  tres  albe  cum  amictis  et  stolis  et  maniplis 

et  duo  zone,  unum  corporale.  duo  tuall.  cum  uno  man unum  antiph.  cum 

legenda  eiusd.   voluminis  .  unum  portiforium  qd.  fuit  dni  Radi  Cap'  de  dono. 
eiusd.    dni   Jolus    vicar,    idem    vicar,    dedit    altari   bte    Marie   unum  " 

»  MSS.  xxii.  91,  extr  from  Rand's  MSS.  1773.  '   Caius  Coll.  MSS.  cciv.  p.  94. 

''  The  page  has  been  cat  too  much. 


ALL  SAINTS,    IIASLINGFIELD.  105 


^Itera  bonum  vestiraentum  intogruiu  cum  toto  apparatu  do  vulvcto  blodio  do 
dono  Johaii.  Relict.  Walter!  Neve. 

Cole'  gives  a  description  of  tlic  fabrick  as  it 

Monuments.  '.  .  i  i  •         i 

appeared  in  1(43.  Ihis  would  suit  the  present 
state  AvcU  enough.  He  notes  its  advantage  over  other 
churches  in  being  free  from  high  pews,  and  sup[)urts  his 
just  criticism  upon  that  humour  by  quoting  old  Wecver's" 
sentiment  thereupon.  He  follows  up  this  notice  with  a  full 
account  of  the  monuments  which  it  contains :  and  since  they 
are  of  some  historical  interest,  and  have  not  come  in  among 
Francis  Blomefield's  Collectanea,  we  shall  not  hesitate  to 
present  them  here. 

The  oldest  monuiueut  is  that  ou  the  north  side  of  the  Altar.  It  is  an 
Altar-tomb  and  painted,  standing  on  throe  steps.  Round  the  top  is  the  in- 
scription (now  not  legible) — ■"  Here  lieth  Thomas  Wcudye,''  Doctor  in  Phesike, 
and  was  buried  the  xii  daye  of  Mayo,  15C0."  At  the  head  those  arms"  for 
Wendye — 0  a  Chevron  inter  3  lions  heads  erased,  B  within  a  bordure 
engrailed  B.  The'  two  first  .and  fourth  are  the  same ;  but  the  thu-d  is  per 
pale  Wendtj  impaling  S.  a  Bend  0.  At  the  feet  Wendy  imjialing  something 
which  is  decayed. 

Against  the  south  wall  in  the  f'hnncel,  also  witliin  rails,  is  a  mural  moiui- 
ment  of  marble  and  alabaster,  with  two  men  and  two  women  kneeling  before 
desks,  in  two  separate  divisions,  one  under  the  other.  At  the  top  the  arms 
of  Wendy,  with  the  crest — a  lion's  head  erased  As.  collar  indented  0.  Over 
the  uppermost  woman's  head — A.  a  +  voided  inter  4  mullets  pierced  S.,  (or  Atkins. 
Between  the  two  figures,  which  are  on  a  degree  (step)  beneath,  are  these  arms 

'  The  remainder  is  in  the  maryin  in  a  still  later  hand.  •  MSS.  II. 

*  Monuments,  p.  701. 

"  This  Dr.  Wendy,  whose  name  is  so  largely  blended  with  the  account  of  this  parish,  is 
annually  commemorated  in  the  Chapel  of  Gonville  and  Caius  College,  in  tlie  list  of  their 
primary  Benefactors.  He  was  one  of  their  numerous  physicians  of  note  and  figure  that 
flourished  about  the  time  of  their  eminent  and  learned  founder;  for  he  was  Physician 
to  King  Henry  VIII.,  Edward  VI.,  Pliilip  and  Mary,  and  Queen  Eliz.abelli.  He  was 
Fellow  and  President  of  the  College,  and  founded  one  of  the  Junior  Fellowships.  Vide 
Slrtjpe,  Life  of  Cranmer,  p.  203.  He  is  mentioned  as  among  the  Queen's  Commissioners 
of  Visitation  to  the  University  in  IStO.  He  was  a  subscribing  witness  to  King  Henry  VIII. 's 
will.     (See  Bedford's  Hereditary  Right.) 

'  On  a  deed  of  conveyance  of  a  piece  of  ground  called  Pascal  Yard,  now  Pembroke  Hall 
stables,  to  Bene't  College,  is  Dr.  Wendy's  seal ;  his  crest  in  a  shield,  with  a  Lion's  head 
erased,  without  the  Fesse  indented  as  now.     Cole^  ii.  59. 

*  2nd.  Wendy  impaled  with  Butler,  B.  a  Bend  inter  6  covered  cups  O.  3rd.  Wendy  agaiti . 
4tli.  Wendy  and  Hartwell,  paled  A.  on  a  bend  S.  3  Ilartu's  heads  caboshed  O.     Cole,  xviii.  23. 

P 


106  CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHTRE. 


—  Wcivhj  impaling,  G.  3  Conies  for  Coniesby.'  On  tlie  ridge  below  them  were 
formerly  9  shields ;  3  of  them  (then,  4  now)  lost.  The  first  should  be,  Wendi; 
hnpcAing,  S.  a  Chevron  int.  3  Leopard's  Faces  0.,  for  Wentworth.  Second, 
Wendi/  impaling,  blank.  Third,  ditto.  Fourth,  0.  a  Chevron  int.  2  Lions  passant 
in  chief,  and  an  Amulet  in  base  S.,  for  Taylor,  impaling  Wendy.  Fifth,  lost, 
but  should  be  Burgoyne^  impaling  Wendy.  Sixth,  lost,  but  should  bo  Savill 
impaling  Wendy.  Seventh,  Blcn  a  Fess  wavy  inf.  3  demy  Lions  ramp.  0.  for 
Symonds,^  impaling  Wendy.  Eighth,  aS'.  a  Chevron  int.  3  Leopards  faces  0.  for 
Wentworth,  impaling  Wendy.  Ninth,  G.  a  Chevron  Erm.  int.  3  Trefoils 
slip'd,  A.,  for  Meade  (of  Essex),  impaling  Wendy.  (Under  these  a  long  inscrip- 
tion, badly  executed  as  to  the  spelling,  describmg  Dr.  Wendy's  family,  and  the 
disposal  of  them.  He  died  in  1612,  and  this  monument  was  erected  in  1619 
by  his  sou.  Sir  William  Wendy.) 

Within  the  Altar-rails  is  a  monument  to  Thomas,  third  son  of  Dr.  Wendy, 
buried  here  in  1633. 

Against  the  south  wall,  just  below  the  rails,  a  mural  monument.^  Under 
an  arch  a  statue  of  white  marble,  in  the  robes  of  the  Bath  and  the  red 
Riband,  painted :  below,  a  black  marble  slab,  bearing  this  inscription — 

Thomffi  Wendy'  Equiti  Honoratiss :    Ordinis 
de  Balueo,  Deo,  Regi,  Legi,  Patria>,  Eccle- 
sise,  Viro  summo  Fiho  Francisci  Wendy 
Marito  Lretitire  Filia;  Natu  maximas  Fran- 
-cisci  Willoughby  de  Middleton  in  Com.  War- 
-wicensi,  Equitis,  Patri  ex  ea  duorum  Libero- 
-rum,  quorum  alter  simul  ortus  et  mortuus 
est,  alter  sacro  Baptismate  Deo  dicatus  obi- 
-it.     Monumentiuu  hoc  fidissima  et  mccstis- 
-sima  Conjux  i^oni  curavit  addiq : 

Quo  Luctu?  qua  laude,  tuum  quo  Marmoro,  nomen 

Perpetuum,  nisi  stem  Marmor  et  ipse  tibi  ? 
Ars,  Amor,  lugenium,  sumptus  te  reddere  \'nltu 

Certant,  te  possit  reddere  mente  niliil. 

Over  the  arch  arc  these  arms :  Wendy  impaling  0.  on  2  Bars  G.  3  Water- 
boughts  A.  for  Willoughby:   over  them   the  Crest   (Collar   argent).     On  each 

'  Sir  Ralph  Coningsby,  of  North  Mimms,  Hertfordshire.     Cole,  xviii.  23, 

'  Of  Sutton,  Bedfordshire.  Thus  blazoned.— G.  a  Chevron  0.  int.  3  Talbois  pass.  A. 
on  a  chief  ji.  3  Martlets  B.     They  bear  the  chief  crenelle.     See  Cole,  vol.  xxii.  155. 

'  Bob.  Symonds,  of  Whittlesford,  in  Cambridgeshire,     xiii.  23. 

'  The  monument  and  the  shield  are  drawn  in  Cole's  volume,  but  roughly. 

'  Sir  Thos.  Wendy,  Knight  of  the  Bath,  was  Gentleman  Commoner  of  Balliol  College,  and 
left  to  his  College  a  choice  collection  of  Books. —  Wood,  Ath.  Ox.  i.  134.  To  his  lady, 
Lettice  Wendy,  Ray  dedicated  his  "  Wisdom  of  God  in  the  Works  of  the  Creation."  A 
Prayer  on  the  Death  of  this  Sir  Thomas  Wendy,  by  Ray,  is  in  Geo.  Scott's  Derham's  Select 
Remains  of  Ray,  p.  86.  8vo.  Lond.  1760.     He  died  1673. 


siile  liang  the  Gauntlets  and  S])urs  (and  Sword) ;  and  above  hang  tlie 
Surcoat  (and  ]  Tolmet),  wth  the  Wendy  arms  on  them :  on  a  Pennon,  Wendy 
impalinrf  WiJJouf/hhi/ ;  and  on  anotlior  WenJi/  alone.  On  a  tlnrd,  A.  a  Cross  G. 
Ou  the  left  t)f  the  last-nieutionod  slab  lies  another  of  the  same  sort,  just  below 
the  steps  of  the  altar :  at  the  top  these  arms  in  a  Lozenge — 2  Cars,  in  chief 
3  +  patee,  for  Winstanley,  impaling  Willoughhi/ :  under  them  this  inscription — 

M.  S. 

Cathcrina  FUia  Francisci  Wllloughby 

dc  Middleton  in  Agro  Warwicensi 

Ei|uitis  Aurati  et  Dn;e  Cassandraj 

Fili;c  praniobilis  Dili  Thom;e 

Comitis  de  Londonderry,  Uxor 

dementis  et  Mater  Jacobi 

Winstanley  de  Braunston  in 

Agro  Leicestrensi  Arm.  obiit 

Vidua  14°  die  Aprilis 

Anno    \  D-  1694, 
(.Etat.  G4. 

On  the  north  wall,  just  below  the  steps,  is  a  handsome  mural  monument 
of  white  marble,  having  the  tigure  of  a  lady  at  her  devotions.  At  the  top 
these  arms  in  a  Lozenge :  Woulj/  impalimj  S.  a  Chevron  inter  3  Leopard's 
faces  0.  for  Wentteorth.  This  monument  is  to  Eliz.  Wendy,  eldest  daughter 
of  Nicolas  Woutwortli  of  Lillingston  Level,  Oxon,  and  wife  of  Franc.  Wendy, 
Esq.     She  died  A.D.  1G58. 

There  arc  also  slab-monuments  to  Fran.  Wendy  (x.  D.)  and  Thomas  Stewart, 
heu--at-law  to  Sh'  T.  Wendy,  who  died  in  1688. 

Below  the  last-mentioned  mural  moiiumout,  another,  closing  up  the  window, 
to  Fran.  Wendy,  second  son  of  Francis  Wendy,  of  llaselingfield,  who  died 
in  1646. 

Below  this  is  a  small  mural  monument,  of  white  marble,  with  mathematical 
instrmuents  all  about  it,  with  the  two  globes  at  the  top  and  bottom,  and 
this  inscription : 

"  Simon  Ertmanus  natus  ITelsnori  Oppidi  in  insula  Selandiaj  ad  Sund  in 
Regno  Dania;  siti,  Patre  Dano,  Bolga  Matre,  prognatus.  Vir  tarn  Artium 
quam  Linguarum  jioritia  excultissimus,  morumq.  Probitate  admodum  eximius ; 
quas  singulares  Animi  dotes  summa  erga  Pauperes  luijus  Viei  dc  Haselingtic'ld 
Charitate  eohonestavit,  quibus  sublevandis,  ipsorumq.  Pueris  instruendis,  aliisq. 
piis  operibus  promovendis,  CCCC  Librarura  usuin-fruetum  quotannis  iiii])en- 
deudum  in  perpctuuui  legavit.  /Etatis  suai  57™°,  Salutisq.  recuperat;e  itDCLViii^", 
24™°  Julii  die,  denatus  est;  et  hie  juxta  positus  cxpectat  Resurrcctionem 
felicem." 

The  sum  named  in  the  inscription  was  by  Sir  T.  Wendy 
exchanged  for  a  part  of  his  estate  in  the  parish. 


In  tlie  lowest  window  of  the  Chancel,  and  by  this  men',  are  2  coats, 
(1)  G.  6  escallops  3,  2,  1,  A.  for  Scales.^  (2)  A.  a  lAon  ramp.  S.  crowned  0. 
The  roof  of  the  Chancel  is  handsomely  wainscotted  and  painted.  Over  the 
Screen  is  a  frame,  bearing  on  the  E.  face  this  de\ieo — I.  II.  S.  in  a  Glory, 
with  the  words  'Ego  sum  Lux  Mundi' — diftusing  itself  over  a  Terrestrial 
globe,  whereon  is  written,  '  Ambulate  dum  lucem  habetis.'  On  the  W.  face 
are  the  Royal  Arms. 

Between  the  1st  and  2nd  pillar  of  the  Nave  on  the  S.  side,  is  a  very 
ancient  altar-monument,  perhaps  of  the  builder  of  the  church. 

There  are  also  several  slab-monuments  to  the  Serjeant  family,  of  the 
ISth  century. 

There  are  also  mural  monuments  to  Anne  Ensor,  wife  of  Christ.  Ensor,  of 
AVliately  in  Warwickshire,  who  died  in  1654.  A  brass  plate  in  a  wood  frame 
is  this.  And  to  Anne  Buckberry,  widow  of  the  Minister  of  Drayton  Basset 
in  Staffordshire. 

There  is  an  altar-monument  of  free-stone  at  the  Chancel  door,  but  very 
much  defoced,  and  illegible. 

In  the  borders  of  the  Chancel  Windows  are  the  Fleurs  of  France  and 
the  Lions  of  England  and  the  Escallop  Shells,  and  on  a  Sable  Field  a  covered 
Cup  O.  In  the  wood-work  of  the  Roof  of  the  aisle  are  the  Arms  of  lugle- 
thorpe,  a  +  enp:;  and  those  of  Lisle,  a  Fess  inter  2  Chevrons.  In  the  borders 
of  the  Windows  of  the  S.  Aisle  are  the  Escallop  Shells  and  a  Buckle. 

John  de  Grymston. 
1369.     Will.  Brj'nkill— by  exchange. 

1385.     Will  Rudham,''  resigned  for  Netlested,  in  Rochester  diocese. 
1406.     Will.  Person,   Dec.  5.     Presented  by  the    Abbot   and  Convent   of 
S.  Mary,  York. 

Thos.  My.     Resigned. 
1445.     Wil.  Sutton,*  May  15.     Resigned.     By  the  same. 
1448.     Wil.  Laverock,  Aug.  1.     Died. 
1473.     Rob.  Adam,-'  M.A.  Oct.  17.     By  the  same. 
1518.     Ric.  Arrington.     Died. 
1521.     Joh.  Coverdale,  Dec.  17.     By  the  same. 
1544.     Gi'iftin  Richard,  LL.B.  Aug.  11. 

^  See  MoranVs  History  of  Essex,  p.  145. 

°  Cole  gives  a  list  of  Vicars  from  14-06 — 1617,  in  Vol.  II.  p.  62,  xxii.  90,  taken  from 
Dr.  Mason's  Book  of  Incumbents  for  Ely  Diocese,  which  was  made  from  tlie  l!iil)op's 
Registers  and  Visitation  Books,  and  J.  Richardson's  list  which  is  very  imperfect. 

'  10  Kal.  Jan.  13S5,  fit  Accolitus;  Subdiaconus,  eodem  die  :  1386,  7  .^p.  Diaconus  :  21  Ap. 
Presbyter. — Sp.  Arundel.  Regr. 

'  Fellow  of  King's  Hall.     He  held  also  Whittlesford  Brigge,  2  Hen.  VI. 

"  In  1484,  the  Tithes  were  settled  between  him  and  the  Abbey.  The  process  is  given  at 
length  in  Cole,  vol.  xxi.  267 — 273,  from  the  Register  of  Wills  of  Ely  Diocese. 


ALL   SAINTS,   IIASLING  FIELD.  ]09 


1551.     GaltVid  (or  Griffin)  Treygherno.' 
1503.     Mic.  Calvart,-  Feb.  25.     Resigned. 
1574.     Rie.  Bacon,  Ap.  13. 
1583.     Clirist.  Jaokson. 

1595.     Moody 3  (in  1595). 

John  Smith. 
1599.     .1.  Smith.      Rosigned. 

Franl<lin.' 

1017.     James  Greenwood,  ISIarch  17.     Resigned. 

1639.     Griffith  Ilatloy,  A.M.  Nov.  27.     Presented  by  Tlios.  Wendy. 

16G2.     Henry  Cliambcrlay no, '^  A.M.  Jid.  2.3,  d.     Pres.  by  Sir  Thos.  Wendy. 

16GG.     Matthew  Scrivener,  A.M.  Feb.  4,  d. 

1G88.     Isaac  Baeldiouse,^  A.M.  Ap.  10,  d.     By  Sam.  Sutton,  patron,  pro  liac 

vice. 
1714.     John  lloyliu,''    or   Ileylyn,   A.R.    Ap.   10,    resig.      Pres.    by    Kemp 

Ilarward,  M.D.  of  S.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  and  West  Stoke, 

Oxfordsliire. 

'  Tiigarne  or  Triguraii — held  also  Cottenliam:  was  Fellow  of  King's  Hall. 

'Mag'^  Galfridus  Trygarne,  Vicar,  ibm,  est  Sacerilos  ac  reside!  ibm:  est  Legum  Doctor,  non 
tamen  ad  praedicand.  habilis  .  legit  Homilias  Autlioritate  Regia  publico  ac  Ilospitium  alit 
ibm.'  This  is  from  Bp.  Cox's  Certificatorium  to  Abp.  Parker  ;  or  Index  status  totius  Clcri  et 
Beneficiorum  Ecclesiasticorum  quorumcunque  infra  Uiocesin  Ellens. — Cole,  xii.  9.  The 
original  is  in  the  Corpus  Christi  College  MSS.  c.\xii. 

*  He  was  one  of  those  that  subscribed  to  the  Liturgie,  \o7l,  at  the  Visitation  at  Eisworth, 
being  then  also  Vicar  of  Barrington  ;  together  with  Thomas  Page,  Rector  of  Harlton; 
Richard  Traue,  Rector  of  Histon  S.  Andrew;  and  Thomas  Farnby,  Rector  of  Hinton.  Sec 
the  list,  MS.  13,  Cough  Coll.  p.  1.     He  was  Fellow  of  King's  Hall. 

'  In  i.395,  rated  for  his  Vicarage  with  the  Vicar  of  Comberton,  to  find  one  Pike  furnished. 

'  In  1609,  rated  with  the  V.  of  Grantchester  and  Truinpingtou  to  raise  a  (lair  of  Curols, 
with  a  Pike  furnished. 

'  One  of  the  Association  of  Parish  Ministers  in  Cambridgeshire.  In  MS.  937,  in  the 
Lambeth  Library,  is  an  article  (22)  in  the  hand-writing  of  Abp.  Tenison,  entituled  "The 
Transactions  of  the  Association  of  Parish  Ministers  in  Cambridgeshire,"  1656-58.  There  are 
the  lists  of  those  Ministers  who  attended  the  meetings,  the  names  of  the  Moderators,  the  rules 
of  conducting  the  meetings,  and  the  subjects  of  discussion.  Some  of  these  rules,  made  at  a 
meeting  at  Cambridge,  Jan.  20,  1656,  are  the  following: — 'To  meet  monthly  (the  general 
meetings  afterwards  were  made  quarterly,  on  account  of  small  attendance);  to  begin  and  end 
with  prayer;  to  be  all  present,  unless  reasonable  account  can  be  given;  to  keep  ourselves  close 
to  our  business,  not  meddling  with  civill  atfairs  of  the  Commonwealth.'  Amongst  the  Ministers 
that  attended  are  the  names — Mr.  Allen,  Hector  of  Harleton;  he  was  moderator  at  a  meeting 
at  Stretham,  1658,  when  the  subject  of  Ordination  was  debated :  Mr.  Ashley,  Vicar  of  Histon; 
Mr.  Church,  Vicar  of  Hinton;  and  Mr.  Crosland,  Vicar  of  Trumpingtou.  And  a  Registrar 
was  appointed  to  act  at  the  meetings. 

'  This  is  found  sometimes  written,  as  pronounced,  Bacchus. 

'  Author  of  Theological  Lectures  (to  the  King's  Scholars)  at  Westminster  Abbey,  with  an 
Interpretation  of  the  Four  Gospels;  to  which  are  added,  some  select  Discourses  upon  the 
principal  points  of  Revealed  Religion,  4to.  Loud.  l/l-O.  He  became  D.D.  in  1728;  was 
Prebendary  of  Westminster,  and  Rector  of  S.  Mary-le-Strand. 


110  CHURCHES   OF  CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


1719.  John  Barn'Prell,^  A.M.  afterwards  D.D. 

1746.  Timothy  Perkins.     Died. 

1788.  Marmaduke  Johnson. 

1800.  Stephen  Allen. 

Parish  Tlic    eaiiicst    begins    a.  d.    1709.      It    shews 

Register,  nothing  remarkable,  but  examples  of  marriage 
by  banns  being  celebrated  in  the  College  Chapel  of  the  In- 
cumbent, about  1741.  It  is  not  perhaps  common  to  find, 
as  here,  the  words  '  Rejoice'  and  '  Maiden'  used  for  Christian 
names. 

The  will  of  William  Skelman  is  given  by 
Baker,"  whereby  he  devises  eleven  acres  of  land  for 
augmenting  the  salary  of  the  Chantry  Priest :  he  gives,  besides, 
a  common  bequest  to  sundry  objects,  as  the  sepulchre  lights, 
the  high  altar,  the  bells,  "  item  to  every  order  of  Fryars  in 
Cambridge,  and  the  same  to  all  his  sons;"  to  the  reparation 
of  Barton  Bridge,  Stulze's  Way,  each  10s.;  and  40  loads  of 
sand  and  gravel  "  to  amende  the  noysome  streets  of  Hasel- 
ingfield."     The  will  occupies  six  j)ages,  and  is  dated  1494. 

Tliis  obscure  will,  Mr.  AUen  writing  to  Lysons,  says, 
occasioned  litigation,  but  was  adjusted  by  paying  £6  in 
addition  to  the  salary  of  the  Schoolmaster,  and  dividing  the 
residue  among  the  poor  on  some  day  in  January,  in  pro- 
portion to  their  age,  families,  or    accidental  distress. 

Simon  Ertman  gave  £400  for  endowing  a  school.  Sir 
T.  Wendy,  to  whose  trust  the  legacy  was  given,  charged  a 
part  of  his  estate  mth  a  yearly  payment  of  £20 ;  and  added 
£10  a  year,  to  be  given  as  the  Lord  of  the  IManor  of  Scales 
and  the  Vicar  shall  direct ;  or  half  to  the  repair  of  the  church, 
the  rest  to  the  poor.  His  will  is  given  in  Baker's  MSS. 
xxix.  127. 


'  Also   Vicar   of  Trumpington.      In   1722,    lie   had   licence   of    non-residence,    propter 
exiguam  Vicarite  suae  ab  Academia  distantiam,  durante  Epi  bene  placito. 
"  MSS.  XXX.   301. 


ALL   SAINTS,   HASLING FIELD.  Ill 

In  14 — ,  '  Joh.  Stcrkyn  gave  two  wax  candles  to  burn  about 
his  coffin  on  burial ;  3.s-.  4(/.  to  the  light  of  the  II.  Sepulchre ; 
3^.  8d.  to  the  repair  of  the  Chapel  of  S.  Marj-  in  Cimiterio ; 
2s.  to  the  light  of  the  Gild  of  II.  Trmity;  2s.  to  the  light 
of  the  Gild  of  Nativ.  of  B.  Mary;  20^.  to  the  repair  of  the 
Stoles;  and  65.  8r/.  to  the  repair  of  the  Stebell.' 

The  annals  of  the  parish  do  not,  as  far  as  our  researches 
have  gone,  shew  any  illustrious  names;  if  we  may  except 
Stephen  de  Hasclyngefelde,  mentioned  in  the  ]\Iass  for  tlie 
Benefactors  of  the  University.    He  was  Chancellor,  a.d.  1300-G 

and  1307-15. 

In    1()7G :    Inhabitants,    120.     No    Recusants, 
opua  0  .     ^  Dissenters.     In  1831,  the  inhabitants  were  559; 

in  1841,  689. 

The   INIanor-house   was   built   by   T.    Wendy, 

Manor-house.  ...  -rj  n  • 

D.jNI.  on  acqiurmg  the  property,  it  Avas  a  tan- 
example  of  brick  building,  surrounded  by  a  moat.  But  it 
is  now  degraded  to  the  condition  of  a  farm-house,  having 
been  dismantled  at  the  time  of  repairing  Bourn  Hall,  by 
the  present  lord  of  that  mansion.  Lord  Delawarr.  The  stair- 
case, of  oak,  a  massive  piece  of  adorned  construction,  painted 
to  look  like  marble,  A^as  then  removed  to  the  latter  place, 
together  with  a  ratlier  singular  mantle-piece  in  like  style, 
and  bearmg  the  date  1555. 

In  1564,  Queen  EUzabeth,  on  her  way  to  visit  the  Uni- 
versity (of  Cambridge),  "lay,  Aug.  4,  at  the  house  of  Mr. 
Worthington,  at  Ilaslingficld,"  on  Friday;  whence  she  de- 
parted next  morning,  and  passed  through  Grantchester  to 
Cambridge.' 

'  Peck.  Desid.  Cur.  ii.  31. — In  a  collection  of  Drawings  of  the  Churches  and  objects  of 
Antiquarian  interest  in  the  County,  made  by  the  late  II.  Rellian,  now  in  the  Library  of  the 
Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society,  are  several  memorials  of  this  Reginal  visit: — '  the  interior 
of  Queen  Elizabeth's  Room  in  Haslingfield  Hall';  'the  Staircase';  'the  Canopy  of  Cloth 
of  Gold,  with  the  Royal  Arms,'  &c.  which  was  carried  over  the  Queen  when  she  came  to 
Cambridge  from  this  visit  to  Haslinj;field,  Aug.  4,  1501:  which  piece  of  state  furniture, 
in  1820,  was  safe  in  the  Registrary's  Office.  There  are  besides  in  the  collection,  several  views 
of  the  House,  both  interior  and  exterior,  and  of  the  Church — of  the  monuments  and  arms 
emblazoned. 


112  CHURCHES    OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


The  Church  of  All  Saints,  situated  in  -the  centre  of  the 
village  of  Haslingfielcl,  and  about  five  miles  to  the  south- 
west of  Cambridge,  is  as  instructive  and  interesting  in  its 
character  as  any  which  it  has  been  our  task  to  describe. 
The  mixture  of  Early-English  and  Decorated  details  Avhich 
the  student  in  ecclesiastical  architecture  will  here  find,  shews 
it  to  have  been  erected  early  in  the  fourteenth  century,  in 
place  of  an  older  building  of  Norman  date,  of  which  the 
only  fragment  now  existing  is  part  of  a  string-course,  with 
the  hatched  or  indented  moulding  in  the  south  wall  of  the 
Chancel.  The  present  Church  appears  to  have  been  built 
upon  the  demolition  of  this  ancient  fabric,  the  ancient  Tower 
being  probably  retained  till  the  fifteenth  century,  when  decay 
rendered  its  removal  necessary,  and  the  present  beautiful 
Perpendicular  structure  Avas  erected  in  its  place.  The  plan  is 
very  regular;  consisting  of  a  Chancel,  37  ft.  Sin.  by  16  ft.  6  in., 
a  Nave,  76  ft.  by  25  ft.  9  in.,  witli  north  and  south  Aisles, 
having  porches  in  the  centre  of  each,  and  a  Tower  at  the 
west  end.  This  appears  to  have  been  its  original  sliape, 
there  being  no  traces  of  a  sacristy  or  chapel  attached  to  the 
chancel  or  any  other  part  of  the  Cliurch.  We  will  now 
proceed  to  describe  the  building  in  regular  order. 

The  East  window  is  unfortunately  a  Debased 

Chancel.  .  .  ..  ti  ■   ^         i- 

insertion;  it  is  oi  five  lights,  with  plain  tracery, 
but  no  cusping.  The  south  side  originally  contained  three 
wmdows,  but  the  easternmost  of  them  is  now  blocked  up; 
it  appears,  by  the  outside  Avail,  to  have  been  similar  to  the 
last  on  the  same  side ;  the  second  is  a  trefoiled  lancet,  under 
which  is  a  plain  low  priest's  door ;  and  the  third,  the  original 
Decorated  one.  of  two  trefoiled  ogee  lights,  with  a  quatrefoil 
in  the  head.  Of  those  on  the  north  side  two  are  blocked 
up;    one  of  wliich,  a  similar  lancet  to  that  on  the  opposite 


ALL    SAINTS,    HASLINGFIELD.  ll.l 


side,  has  a  wooden  shutter  fixed  to  its  external  jamb ;  tlic 
thu'd  is  Early  Decorated,  and  of  two  trefoiled  lancet  lights, 
with  a  quatrefoil  in  tlie  sjjandril.  The  sedilia  and  piscina 
arc  probably  concealed  by  the  large  mural  monument  on  the 
south  side ;  a  further  account  of  which,  and  of  the  other 
similar  erections,  which  unhappily  disfigure  this  once  beau- 
tiful Chancel,  will  be  given  hereafter.  The  chancel-arch  is 
fine  and  lofty,  and  presents  a  curious  and  interesting  com- 
bination of  Early-English  and  Decorated  mouldings :  the  arch 
itself  has  the  deep  hollows,  and  the  tooth-moulding  under 
the  dripstone,  which  characterize  the  former  style ;  while 
the  capitals  of  the  semi-piers,  which  support  it,  have  the 
scroll-mouldings  and  other  members  peculiar  to  the  latter; 
their  bases  are  so  mutilated  and  enclosed  with  pues,  that 
their  mouldings  could  not  be  taken ;  but  enough  remains  to 
show  that  their  character  is  more  Decorated  than  Early- 
English.  Below  this  arch  are  the  remains  of  a  once  elegant 
roodscreen,  of  the  same  date  as  the  church,  and  formerly 
composed  of  four  ogee  trefoiled  compartments  on  each  side  of 
the  doorway,  separated  by  slender  shafts  with  good  capitals 
and  bases,  and  with  tracery  of  quatrefoiled  circles  above 
them.     The  roof  is  coved,  and  apparently  of  modern  date. 

The  Nave  is  spacious  and  lofty,  and  is  sepa- 
rated fi-om  the  aisles  by  five  well-proportioned 
arches  on  each  side,  with  good  plain  Decorated  mouldings, 
and  dripstones  terminated  by  well-carved  corbel  heads :  the 
piers  which  support  them  are  clustered,  and  have  fine  capitals, 
but  difi"erent  in  their  details  from  those  of  the  responds,  which, 
both  at  the  east  and  west  ends,  are  of  Early-English  character. 
This  remarkable  distinction  is  not  unfrequent  in  churches  of 
the  same  date;  but  no  satisfactory  reason  for  it  has  ever 
been  assigned.  By  referring  to  the  plate  of  moiddings,  our 
readers  will  easily  distinguish  the  contrast  between  the  Decorated 
scroll-mouldings   of  the   one,    and    the    undercut   abacus   and 


lU 


CHURCHES   OF   CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


plain  astragal  of  the  other.  There  are  four  clerestory  windows 
of  late  Perpendicular  date  on  each  side ;  those  on  the  north 
being  of  two  trefoiled  ogee  lights  under  a,  square  head ;  and 
those  on  the  south  also  square,  but  without  any  tracery. 
The  roof  is  flat,  and  of  Jacobean  date — but  a  very  good 
specimen  of  the  style :  the  bosses  are  very  curious,  and  appear 
to  be  either  ancient  ones,  preserved  from  a  former  roof  of 
the  same  date  as  the  church,  or  imitations  of  those  now 
remaining  in  the  aisles.  The  area  of  the  Nave  is  filled  with 
its  ancient  open  seats  of  carved  oak,  with  buttresses  at  the 
sides;  for  the  encroachment  of  modern  pues  has  here  been 
confined  to  the  chancel  and  aisles,  leaving  the  nave  as  a 
silent,  though  perhaps  unheeded  witness,  to   the   superiority 

of  taste  and  higher  sense  of  propriety  which  our 

ancestors  possessed.     The  pulpit,  which  retains  its 

original   position   at   the  north-east   angle  of   the 

nave,  is  a  very  good  specimen  of 

late  Perpendicular  wood-work  : 

each  side  is  panelled  with  plain 

tracery    of   two    compartments; 

the  angles  have  buttresses,  and 

the   whole   is    supported    on    a 

slender  shaft.     A  beautiful  and 

perfect  wheel-cross,  of  Decorated 

date,    remains    at    the    eastern 

gable  of  the  nave:    the  reader 

will  understand  the  design  from  the  accompanjing 
wood-cut. 

In  his  visits  to  the  ancient  churches  of  this 

County,  the  Ecclesiologist  will  not  fail  to  have 
observed,  that  in  many  cases,  while  the  piers  and  internal 
details  are  Early-English  or  Decorated,  the  Aisles  have  been 
rebuilt  in  the  fifteenth  century,  in  the  style  prevailing  at 
the  time ;  by  which  means  we  have  lost  many  fine  specimens 


Aisles. 


ALL   SAINTS,    HASLINGFIELD. 


115 


of  the  g-cnius  as  well  as  the 
wovkmansliij)  of  those  centu- 
ries, which  might  have  been 
of  the  greatest  use  in  deter- 
mining disputed  points,  and  in 
guiding  modern  architects  in 
their  restorations  and  designs. 
Haslingfield  church,  however, 
has  been  fortunate  enough  to 
preserve  its  original  aisles,  with 
their  Avindows  and  roofs,  which 
so  greatly  contribute  to  the 
beauty  of  the  building.  The 
south  aisle  has  four  A\indows 
on  the  south  side,  and  one  at 
the  east  and  west  ends,  all  of 
the  same  design  :  they  are  of 
three  lights,  cinquefoiled,  with 
tracery  of  slightly  Flamboyant 
character:  those  in  the  north 
aisle  are  equal  in  size  and 
number  to  these,  but  different 
-in  design ;  they  are  of  three 
trefoiled  lights,  with  net  tra- 
cery, and  retain  considerable 
remains  of  their  stained  glass, 
which  will  be  more  particularly 
noticed  in  another  place.  The 
roofs  to  both  of  them  are  the 
original  Decorated  ones,  and 
extremely  fine ;  the  rafters  are 
supported  by  richly-moulded 
braces,  with  pierced  flowing 
tracery  in  the  spandrils,   and 


116 


CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 


united  at  the  crown  of  the  arches  by  exquisite  floriated  bosses. 


Porches. 


Corbel-heads  of  stone,  rising  out  of  the  drijistones  of  the 
Avindows,  which  are  horizontally  continued  round  the  aisles, 
sustain  the  braces  and  wall-plates.  Aisle-roofs  of  this  de- 
scription are  not  by  any  means  common :  another  instance 
of  them  occurs  at  S.  Cuthbert's,  Thetford,  Norfolk,  which  is 
similar  in  construction,  but  not  so  rich  in  detail.  The  but- 
tresses are  elegant,  and  have  triangular  heads. 

Both  the  Porches  are  coeval  with  the  rest  of 

the  church;  the  northern  is  considerably  the 
largest ;  the  mouldings  of  the  internal  doorway  are  good 
Decorated,  and  continuous;  those  of  the  external  doorway 
are  discontinuous;  the  south  has  plain  Decorated  doorways, 
and  a  coved  roof,  leaded  externally.  Neither  of  them  are 
remarkable  for  elaborate  ornament,  and  have  not  even  the 
niches  so  often  to  be  found  in  this  position;  but  they  are 
good  plain  examples  of  the  style  to  Avhich  they  belong. 

The   Tower   is   the   finest   of  its  date  in  the 

neighbourhood  of  Cambridge;  its  proportions  are 
rather  low,  but  it  appears  from  the  internal  walls  that  it 
Avas  originally  intended  to  be  raised  one  stage  higher.  The 
belfry-arch  has  very  fine  mouldings,  though  of  late  character, 
which  are  partly  continuous ;  the  semi-piers  have  good  capitals 


Tower. 


ALL   SAINTS,    IIASLINGFIELD.  li: 


and  bases.     The  west   doorway   is  large    and  handsome,   and 

of  considerable  pretension  in  its  details :  it  consists  of  a  fonr- 

centred  arch,   under  a  square  dripstone  supported  by  shafts, 

with  tracery  in  the  spandrils.     In   the  second  stage,  on  tlic 

west  side,  is  a  large  window  under  a  square  hood,   of  three 

lights,  with  tracery  of  Debased  character;    and  in  the  third 

stage   is   a   circular    window,    also    under   a  square   hood,    of 

tlirce  narrow  lights:   this  is  repeated  in  the  nortli  and  south 

sides   of  the  Tower.     The   belfry   windows    are    double,    and 

of  considerable  merit:  on  the  battlements  are  four  octagonal 

pinnacles ;  a  small  wooden  spire,  with  leaden  plates,  surmounts 

the   upper  stage,   which    contains   five   bells.     The   basement 

is   ornamented  by   a  row   of   quatrefoils,    which   add   greatly 

to  the  beauty  of  the  structure. 

The  Font  is  placed  against  the  west  face  of 
Font.  .        ,.  1       . 

the  fourth  pier  from  the  east  on  the  south  side ; 

it  has   a   plain   octagonal   bowl    and   stem,    and   a  kneeling- 

stone    to   the   west:    it   is    probably   coeval   with  the    Nave. 

The  cover  is  a  small  lo\v  spire,  of  very  late  erection. 

Perhaps  few  churches  are  so  entirely  destitute 

Monuments.         „  .  i    i        i  ■    ^ 

of  ancient  sepiuchral  memorials  as  the  present. 
There  is  no  trace  of  the  existence  of  any  monument  prior 
to  the  sixteenth  century,  nor  even  the  matrix  of  a  plundered 
brass,  Avhich  so  fi'equently  occurs  in  the  churches  of  this 
district.  Of  the  large  tombs  with  which  the  Chancel  is  ob- 
structed and  disfigured,  that  at  the  east  end  of  the  south 
wall  is  to  the  memory  of  Thomas  Wendy,  Esq.,  and  contains 
four  figures  kneeling  at  faldstools,  under  a  Roman  arch : 
this  was  erected  in  1619.  The  other  on  the  same  side  is  a 
niche,  containing  a  white  marble  figure  of  Sir  Thomas  Wendy, 
of  very  good  execution  considering  its  style  and  character: 
above  it  are  still  hanging  his  helmet,  sword,  gauntlets,  and 
pennon.  On  the  north  side  is  a  large  high-tomb,  with  defaced 
inscription    and   shields ;    a  mural    monument,    with   a    fiijure 


118  CHURCHES    OF    CAMBRIDGESHIRE. 

kneeling  at  a  faldstool,  to  Elizabeth  Wendy,  of  the  date  of 
1658;  and  two  tablets,  erected  in  1647  and  1658.  These 
arc  all  the  memorials,  either  ancient  or  modern,  which  the 
church  possesses. 

The  remains  of  ancient  stained  glass,  though 

Stained  Glass.  .  _ 

not  in  themselves  extensive,  are  here  more  nu- 
merous and  beautiful  than  are  usually  to  be  met  with  in 
village  churches.  The  earliest  remains  in  this  church  are 
in  the  north  window  of  the  (Jhancel,  which  is  partly  filled 
up  with  the  creeping  foliage  peculiar  to  the  style,  with 
small  figures  of  saints,  and  shields  at  intervals,  surrounded 
by  a  rich  border:  the  date  of  this  glass  is  about  1300. 
In  the  tracery  of  the  east  window  of  the  north  aisle  are 
some  very  fine  fragments  of  rather  later  date,  composed 
of  foliage,  beautifully  disposed,  with  a  lion's  head  in  the 
centre,  and  a  border  round  the  sides ;  several  of  the  other 
windows  have  pieces  of  similar  character  ;  and  a  few  quarries 
of  a  much  later  style  remain  in  the  clerestory  windows  on 
the  north  side.  These  scattered  remains,  which  many  of  our 
more  obscure  country  churches  retain,  are  of  the  greatest 
value  and  importance  at  the  present  time :  if  glass-painters 
would  but  make  it  their  practice  to  seek  them  out,  and 
carefully  examine  their  beauties  and  peculiarities,  we  should 
have  less  cause  to  complain  of  the  glaring  faults  with  which 
many  modern  specimens  abound :  ignorance  has  been  the 
cause  of  nearly  all  that  is  bad  in  their  works;  and  they 
may  rest  assured,  that  the  diligent  study  of  ancient  models 
is  the  only  way  by  which  they  can  hope  to  raise  their  glorious 
art  to  that  state  of  perfection  in  which  it  existed  four  hundred 
years  ago. 

„       ,  The    church    has    suffered    considerably    from 

General  .' 

Condition.  (Jamp  and  neglect;  the  state  of  the  floor  at  the 
west  end  of  the  north  aisle  is  such  as  would  certainly  not 
be  permitted  in  any  gentleman's  stable,    nor,  voluntarily,  in 


ALL   SAINTS,    HASLINGriF.TD  119 

the  meanest  cottage.  Some  of  the  iiitcnial  masonry,  (which 
is  of  chmch,  and  therefore  easily  mutihited,)  particularly  the 
bases  of  the  piers  and  responds,  lias  been  cut  away  in  a 
manner  which  sufficiently  shews  tht;  amount  of  care  and 
respect  of  which  the  chiu-ch  has  been  deemed  worthy  by 
its  modern  guardians. 


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