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Full text of "Geography rectified: or, A description of the world [microform] : in all its kingdoms, provinces, countries ... their ancient and present names, inhabitants, situations, histories, customs, governments, &c. : as also their commodities, coins, weights, and measures, compared with those at London : illustrated with seventy eight maps : the whole work performed according to the more accurate observations and discoveries of modern authors"

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IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


1.25 


"    lifi    1110 


2.5 
2.2 


1.8 


U    III  1.6 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


33  WEST  MAIM  ST'.iEET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  873-450^ 


? 


4:0 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 

D 

D 


y 


U 


0 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


□   Covers  damaged/ 
C( 


Couverture  endommag^e 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pellicul6e 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  g6ographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relid  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  int£^rior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout6es 
lore  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  fiim^es. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mtthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


□    Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

□    Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 

□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pelliculdes 


w/ 


D 
D 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachetdes  ou  piqudes 


I      I    Pages  detached/ 


Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthroughy 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  migale  de  ('impression 

Includes  supplementary  materit 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl6mentaire 


r~7|    Showthrough/ 

I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 


Only  edition  available/ 
Suule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  faqon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl^mentaires: 


Irregular  pagination  :    [9],  [1]  ■  77,  87, 79-626,  72  p.  IMap  on  p.  266  is  cut-off. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


/ 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


Th«  copy  film«d  h«r«  has  bMn  r«produc«ci  thanks 
to  tha  oanaroslty  of: 

Library  Division 
V     y  V'.  Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 


L'axamplaira  filmA  f ut  raprodult  grica  i  la 
gAnirosit*  da: 

Library  Division 

Provincial  Archives  of  British  Columbia 


Tha  imagas  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
possibia  co/'niidaring  tha  condition  and  iagibility 
of  tha  orifiiial  copy  and  in  itaaping  with  tha 
filming  cocstract  apacificationa. 


Original  copias  in  printad  papar  covars  ara  filmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  last  paga  with  a  printad  or  iliustratad  impras- 
sion,  or  tha  back  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copias  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  iliustratad  impras- 
sion.  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  iliustratad  imprassion. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  ^»>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  Y  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  Illustrate  the 
method: 


Lea  images  suivantaa  ont  AtA  raproduites  avac  la 
plua  grand  soin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  et 
da  la  nettat*  da  I'exemplaira  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avac  lea  conditions  du  contrat  da 
filmage. 

Lea  exemplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvarture  en 
papier  est  imprimie  sont  filmAs  en  commenpant 
par  la  premier  plat  at  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
darniAre  paga  qui  comporta  una  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration.  soit  par  la  second 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmte  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premiere  paga  qui  comporta  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  at  en  terminant  par 
la  derniire  page  qui  comporta  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
darniire  image  da  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  y  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  Atre 
filmAs  A  des  taux  da  riduction  diffArents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich*.  il  est  film*  A  partir 
da  I'angle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite. 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

■•■pip" 


■|fWW^^W«P;H|l5iP|PJ|?*' 


¥ 


* 

A  Catalogue  of  the  Maps  in  this  Book. 


i^xyOrld  Fol.  12 

2  VV    EUROPE       16 

5   E»glan(} yScotland.JSiC  Ireknd,  ^i 

4  England    _  *■  2  J 

5  tVales       s         '  32 

6  Scotland  -  "  -    3^ 

7  Ireland  >  y'        ■  4^ 

8  Denmark  '        ,1*     5"  J 

9  5ji'f</f«  and  Norway    '^      65" 

10  MufcoviajScC'  72 

11  Po/<?»^  .^^t       80 

12  Tartary  in  Europe    '  88 

1 3  Moldavia J^alachiajTranftlv,  9  f 

14  Hungaria  100 
ly  Germany      '       '   -    -  114 

1 6  The  Uwi^f^  Provinces  1 60 

17  The  Spati.'fli  Provinces        174 

18  France  19° 

19  Spain^  y"'""'"''^'^-*^ '        ^°^ 

20  Pertug,-d      >  221 

21  /r^^  ,  '       225- 

22  Helvetia f  or  Schwitz,erland2iS 
2 J.  5<if07  and  Piedmont  236 

24  5;ci/y  2  5'6 
;i  ^  Scla^on.CroatiajDalmat.&'c.zSo 

26  Scrvia,  Bulgaria^  &c,         2^6 

27  Greece  p26^ 

25  A  S  I  A  ^  341 
29  The7«r^.  Empirein /^^34^ 

.  30  Canaan,  or  the  Hc/y  Land  3^8 

31  Armenia  362 

3  2  C>p>'«j,the  Ifles  of  AJia Min.  375 

,33  Turkffk  Empire  in  general  382 

34  Arabia     \  ..  _  ,  386 

3y  ^^''/^  -        392 

36  Totariain  Afia  407 

3  7  Empire  of  the  Great  Mogul  4 1  f 

38  Ifidtaon  this  fide  Ganges     423 

39  Wi<a  beyond  Ganges  43  i 

40  C^w/i  ,r    ...    ■  436 

V  - 


41  Japan  444 

42  Maldives  Iflands  448 

43  C^/ow  4yo 

44  The  Ifles  of  S'Wtf  4^4 
4 )-  The  Philippine  Iflands  4^6 
46  The  Molucca  Iflands  458 
'^1  A  F  R  1  C  A  46.1 
48  Barbary  468 
4^  Fe?i  ^nd  Morocco-  470 


-».r-"  - 


480 
489 


BileduIger.Zaara^Guiny^dfc,  5*0  3 

3  Ethiopia  J  or  Habejjinia  5-09 

4  Co»?o,&;c.  5-22 
y  Cajferia  &  MonoMotapa  ^24 

6  Zangu:bar        -        '  5-27 

7  The  Ifles  of  Azores  5-29 

8  The  Ozf^r;-- Iflands  5-3 1 

9  Cape  Terde  lUAnds  5-34 

60  Madagafcar,  Sec.  J37 

61  Maltha  ^aq 

62  A  ME  k  I  C  A  ^42 

63  Magellanica  ^a6 

6^  Chili  And  Paraguay  yp 

6 J   Brazile  rrj 

66  •  Amaz.one,  Peru,  GuyanajOaftel- 
la  del  Or^  &C.  y  y  S 

67  The  Weftern  iflands        ^64 

68  Jamaica  ^£j 

69  Bermudas,  between  5*74, 5*7  5* 

70  Barbadoes  ejj 

71  Nni/  5pd/»  y^^ 

72  New  M(xico  '')      y^r 

73  Florida,  and  the  Lakes  of  Ca- 
nada ^87 

74  Carolina  ^ 89 
75"  l^l^'gif'ia  ahd  Maryland        ^91 

76  Pet.JiIvwta.&ndNtwJerfey  ^^j 

77  New  £>'^/.and  New  ror/&  606 

78  Noithw.  part  of  America  619 


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■POTI 


mumm 


BSSSBBB9 


o  R,  A  dj-imt'^ 
DESCRIPTION 


OF    THE 


WORLD, 

In  all  its  Kingcloms,  Provinces,   Countries, 

Iflands,  Cities,  Towns,  Seas,  Rivers,  Bays,  Capes, 
Ports  \  Their  Ancient  and  Prefent  Names,  Inhabitants, 
Situations,  Hiftories,  Cuftonos,  Governments,  &c. 

As  al(b  their  Commodicies,   Coins,    Weights,    and 

Meafures,  Compared  with  thole  at  LO NDO N, 

IhftrAted  with  Seventy  eight  MAPS. 


The  Fourth  Edit  ion  f  Enlarged,  To  which  is  added  a  Complete  Geographical 
Index  to  the  rVhoUy  Alphabetically  digefied. 


The  whole  Work    performed   according  to   the  more  Accurate 
Obfcrvations  and  Difcoveries  of  Modern  Authors. 

By   3^0®£5^T    M  0  %,!>  E  H. 

_j _t. _ 

LONDON: 

Printed  for  R,  Morden  and  T.  Coekerill,  and.are  to  be  fold  by 
A/.  Fdhia»  in  Mercers-Chappei-Vorch  in  Cheapfide^  and  Ralph 
Smith  at  the  Bihle  under  the  Exchange  xnCornhiU.  M  D  C  C. 


MUM 


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„j-.  »t^w'».<'*''y^- 


^^Pil 


i;o  his  nioft  Worthy  and  moft  Honoured  Friend, 


Mr.  THOMAS  GOOD  ARD, 


.   -I.   ■.   ^lt<;H*>>^_   -.^-oiV 


T. 


1 


Qf  London,  M  E  R  G  H  A  N  T. 

.3  ^  .,  'ii,  ^    ■■■_  --kL-.     J  •-•  .'.  .  , 

AVING  ttiade  many  Coniiclerable  Itri- 
provemencs  and  Additions  to  ttiy  Geogra* 
phy  in  this  Fourth  Edition,  I  have  all  th^ 
reafoii  in  the  world  to  (helter  it  once  more  under 
the  Patronage  of  yopr  Kame ,  whbfe  Affairs 
Abroad  have  not  only  giyen  you  a  better  Ktiowcldge 
and  Experience  of  Foreign  Parts;  but  whofe  En- 
couragement and  Bounty,  next  to  Divine  Good- 
nefs ,  have  only  contributed  to  its  Production  , 
which  otherwife  with  its  poor  Author,  muft  have 
for  ever  lain  latent  under  the  Horizon  of  unknown 
Obfcurity,  and  irrefiftible  Poverty.  The  declining 
therefore  the  Impiitaciori  of  Ingratitude,  is  my  on- 
ly Plea  ;  and  though  it  may  not  be  pleafing  to  you, 
yet  not  t-^  have  done  it  in  my  Circumftances  , 
would  have  been  my  juft  Crime.  I  humbly 
therefore  beg  your  Goodnefs  will  be  pleafed 
to  add  to  your  former  Kindneffes,  That  of  puf- 
fing by  the  Imperfe(5l:ions  of  what  is  offered,  in  e>c- 
cufeof  which,   I  can  only  fay,  That  as  'tis  not  the 


Ihduftry, 


j-- 


«|  ..uii  .(.vmmv^ppfnqf^Hppnpil 


wm 


i^^ 


Indufiry  of  one  Age  that  can  rc&ifyand  compleat 
the  ^r^xir of' 6f^r4/?/>j:r  rior  the  Wbtk  of  any  one 
man  chat  of  Coins ^  Weights^  and  Mtajures  ^  {o  a  wcU- 
meamng  Eflay  towardi  both ,  I  hope  will  find  a 
Courteous  Entertainment  from  the  more  judicious 
and  unprejudiced  Reader  :  For  I  have  this,   I  will 
not  fay  to  juftify  ,   but  to  excufe  at  lead,  my  bold- 
nefs  and  forwardnefs,  That  if  I  had  known  thefe 
things  to  have  been  but  tolerably  performed  by 
Others ,    I  'had  neither  troubled  my  Reader ,  nor 
m|f-fpent  my  own  time  about  the  Re^ification  of 
them  j  wherein  although  I   have  again  made  ma- 
ny Corrections  and  Amendments^    yet  that  1  have 
made  good  feme  niens   Expci^ationS;,    and  freed 
them  from  all  defcifts  and  overfights,  neither  my 
Fears  nor  my  Modefty  will  permit  me  to  be  confi- 
dent of  ^  fo  that  knowing  this  W^k  which  1-  have 
undertaken,    is  liable  to  common  Cenfure,  I  am 
bold  to  flirowd  it  under  your  Protection,  humbly 
imploring  your  kind  reception  and  Pardon  for  this 
my  Prefumption ;  for  which,  and  for  the  exccfs  of 
many  Favours,!  fliallevcr  pray  for  the  Profperity  of 
You  and  Yours  j  and  forever  acknowledge  my  felf, 


v.W", 


/*J 


.'■  C  f,  ■  <  1 

■  '  »  '  1  i.  I. 


mi 


-;( 


m^ 


tout  mojl  ffumhky  mofi  faithful y 


5    I 
J/  ■■  ■ 


5  1  ;  V? 


ani  mojl  Obliged  SerVantj   .    ? 
Robert  Morden. 


.■ )  J--- 


o  :::n 


,>■ 


U   V. 


•  t■h''^\^^;')>^,'<■^\''^^^■:»h V\\•^^^  ^y\\\^,\<\\ )\\VnV;i\ x^?»  ;Vii'?'X 


.i\.,.^. 


;.> .  ■■>  i 


.A^v>  ^it*!  t>% 


To  the  R  E  A  D  E  RV 

■.     '  «.'•..«'•  ,  ■     ,  »        ■  »  ,    .    ■■ 

SO  gre^t  WAS  the  Attempt  of  ny  firft  PJfay,  in  the  ptdUjhiftg 
of  mj  Geography   Re£k.ifi*d ,  that  for  my  heedlifs  pre- 
jumptioH  I^an,  Alledge  no  excufey  unlef{y  Thdt  the  zeal  of 
my  love  for  its  Truths  fo  tra»Jported  my  fenfes,  as  I  coh' 
fiderednot  the  weight  J  undertook*     And  therefcre  I  agAtn  ctavc 
pardon  for  the  oudAcity  of  that  Attempt.     Humbly  r^cknotvledging^ 
A  Work  of  that  concernment  And  difficulty  in  it  j  elf,  did  vet  tide* 
ferve  the  conjunction  of  many  heads  and  h an 4s  \  and  furely  more 
adv4ntagioushadit  been  unto  Geography f  to  have  fallen  under 
the  Endeavours  of  fome  ahle  Advancers,  that  might  have  per- 
formed it  unto  the  life.  And  added  Authority  thereto.     For  I  am 
not  ignorant  of  the  difcourAgement  of  Contradiction,  of  the  diffi- 
culty of  Oijfuajtoh  from  s^adicdtrd  beliefs,  of  what  cold  requitals 
fome  have  found  in  their  Redempihns  of  Truth;  and  how  ingeni^ 
cus  Difcoveries  have  Ifien  difmijfed  with  obliquity,  and  cenjured 
with  fingular.ty.     But  the  kind  Reception  it  found  from  fever al 
Worthy  and  Learned  Gentlemen,  more  efpeeiaHy  that  Influence 
that  if  received  from  the  two  mojl  Learned  Vniverfuies  of  the 
World,  Oxford  and  Cambridge,  hath  once  more  drawn  me  upon 
the  Horizon  of  Publick  View,  not  as  a  M after,  but  as  a  poor  La* 
bourer, carrying  the  Carved  Stones,  and  the  I'olifbed  FilUrs,  of  the 
mre  skilful  Architects  to  fet  them  tn  my  mean  Fabrick.     I  have 
indeed  laid  mybuildiKg  upon  other  mens  foundations  ;  for  ivho  im 
this  Subject  can  do  otherwife?  Nor  do  I  hold  it  a  Plagiary  to  fay  i 
Ihave  ufed  their  Richeft  'Jewels  to  adorn  this  Work.     In  excufe 
whereof  give  me  leave  to  plead,  7 hat  in  all  Argument  s  and  Sub- 
p£ts  which  have  been  written  upon;  from  the  h/fanc\  of  Learning^)    . 
to  this  Age,  there  hath  hee^ ac^riffnualftrifeandifntfUtidnitrHongy 
Writers,  to  mend,  fupply,  or  mit^ivdizf  whdtfriever  hat h  le en  done  /S: 
before.     It  wonld  be  too  tedious-  fo  reckon  up  the  f^veral  A'trhcrs 
on  fome  onefibjeCt,  being  a  Truth  Jo  olvious  as  not  to  need  mu:h   . 


■^' 


'■",■■.-'• 


-vV-V. , 


a.  Cr. 


wmm 


To  the  READER. 


^^,1- 


'i^ 


ffoof;  fior  is  it  lefs  sppgrefitj  thatJ/H  f be  Utter  wiifitteidshdvt 
'"  :  si^rest  advantage  beyond  t  be  former^  by  Adding  tbe  exferieme  6f 
/  bis  own  times  to  tbe  perufal  of  wbat  was  formerly  Attuned  unto  \ 
.   more  effeaully  in  Hilfory  and  Geography  \for  tho  ih  the  AxtomSy 
Theorems  And  Propojitions  of  Ldgick,  Phllofopby,  Mathema- 
ticks,  &c>  that  tvbieb  was  once  Truth  remains  fo  for  ever  ;  yet  in 
JHidory  there  is  AneceBity  ofContinitation^  and  in  Geography  of 
Jit  er  At  ion  from  time  to  time ;  fo  that  as  ^tis  no  frefuntption  to 
write  upon  this  Subjeffy  tho  treAted  of  by  otbtrs  famous  for  heArh" 
ing  And  Parts  ;  fo  it  is  a  boldnefsjitjlfjiable  by  t  rut  by  toaffirm  thAt 
all  former  Geographies  diligently  compeyed  with  the  more  AC/i^ 
rate  OhfervAtions  And  Difeoveries  of  late  year  Sy  are  greAtly  defe* 
Hive,  And  frangely  erroneous.    And  that  I  may  net  be  thought  to 
beftngular  in  my  affertiont  fi^  what  the  Indujlrious  Mr,  Wright 
faid  in  his  Correilion  of  Errors  in  Navigation ;  where  he  tells  /tSf 
That  the  Longitude  of  Places  would  well  deferve  both  Labour 
and  Coft.   And  tho  the  Reilif  cation  of  them  n^ere  more  a  bufie  and 
expenfivework,  than  profitable  \  yet  mofi  worthy  aitd  necejfary  tQ 
be  laboured  in^  as  without  which  AUChArts^MAPs^  Globes^  And  all 
other  Hydrographical  and  Geographical  Dejcriptions  cAnnot  be 
freed  from  mAny   intricAte  ahfurdities  wherewith  they  Are  now 
every  where  peflered  And  perplexed :  And  who  that  loveth  Truths 
faiih  he,  can patientfy  endure  the  Mariners  common  And  conflAnt 
complaint  of  i^^or  200  Leagues  error  in  the  dijiance  hetwee/t 
the  Bay  of  Mexico  and  the  Azores  (  or  thAt  which  is  more  intol* 
ler able  and  monftrous  }  of  600  Leagues  difference  inthe  diftance 
bctry^en  Cape  Mendoiino^  and  Cape  Cilifornio?  And  in  another 
place  he  tells  us^  that  the  bejl  Hydrographers  of  that  /ige  found 
fuch  Difficulties  in  labouring  to  bringtheir  Mar  me  Defcrtpttons  to 
feme  cor  re fpondence  of  truth  f  that  tired  herewith  ^  in  the  end  they 
have  holden  it  impcffible  \  wherein  notwithfianding^  Jaith  he,  they 
err  in  holding  that  tobefimply  impcffible,  which  cannot  be  done  by 
'"^^    fuch  ways  and  means  as  they  know  And  ufe*  > ,  ^i  . 

v^  ;.   And  the  Ingenious  Mr,  Hally  tells  us'in  one  of  his  Philofoph'tal 
^Tranfa^iionSf  That  the  Dutch  Maps  nere  out  more  than  10  De- 


■# 


Tothe  READER. 

grces.  B^^Sanfon'j  18  Degrees  in  difiame  between  London  and 
Ballafbre.  And  in  truth  as  to  all  the  Dutch  and  French  AUpj  that 
Ihavefeen^  they  mere  fo  falfe  and  imferfetl^  that  as  1  was  obit' 
gedin  my  fir  ft  Edition  to  alter  many  fUces  in  Europe  j  Degr.  of 
Latitude,  and^ore  than  5  in  Longitude;  to  make  A  fia  and  A  me- 
rlci.  ivhofly  new,  and  to  re^ify  Akicsi  more  than  loDegr.  And 
in  the  Jecond  Imfrejjion  to  infert  more  than  20  New  Maps  of 
Countries^  fome  never  extant  in  any  Geography  before :  Hoal- 
foin  thts  Fourth  Edition  1  have  added  a  Geographical  Index  to 
the  whole  Worky  Alphabetic  ally  digejled.  As  alfo  many  Cities^ 
TownSf  IJlandSy  Rivers,  with  the  Ancient  and  Modern  NameSy 
with  many  other  Improvements,  which  were  omitted  in  the  for- 
mer fothat'*tisintrutha  New  Geography.  And  yet  1  know  this 
wants  the  Helps  and  Advantages  of  a  more  Learned  Pen,  and  indeed 
it  ought  to  have  been  freed  from  thofe frequent  avocations  and  di- 
purbances  that  attend  a  Pullick  Shop  andTrade.Thefe  were  in  truth 
too  great  di f advantages  for  the  rendring  a  Book  of  this  nature 
fo  compleat  and  perfeti,  and  offo  conflant  and  regular  a  ft  He,  as 
might  be  expe^ed from  others,  who/ e  quiet  doors,  and  unmolefi' 
td  hours  afford  nofuch  difir actions.  However ^  in  the  compofwg 
of  this,  I  have  taken  a  due  regard  and  greater  care  in  the  choice 
of  Authors ',  nor  have  I  been  lefsjludious  in  avoiding  weak  and 
frivolons  Relations,  but  to  prefent  plainly  the  Truth  of  Geogra- 
phy and  Hiftory  from  its  firfl  beginning  ,  fo  far  as  'tis  made 
known  to  us  by  the  mofi  approved  Writers.  And  all  this  after  m^r 
ny  years  experience,  not  only  in  making  and  Proje^ing  of  Globes,^ 
Maps,  &C.  but  alfo  in  examining  and  comparing  of  the  Re  I  at  i^' 
ons,  Difcoveries,  Obfervations,  Draughts,  Journals,  andWri' 
tings,  as  well  of  the  Ancient  as  Modern  Geographers,  Travel- 
lers, lA:2intiZ^Sy&c  wherein  1  have  taken  much  pains,  andfpent 
much  time  ;  tho  to  my  own  profit  t  have  done  nothing  :  Only  may 
this  beb^t  ufefd  and  acceptable  tothe  young  Gentry  and  Scholars 
(?/  England,  and  I  am  fur  e  of  this  one  advantage,  That  I  [hall 
have  many  an  idle  hour  the  lefs  to  account  for. 


m.. 


'•'•r' 


/•;. 


Some 


mm 


mm 


To  the   R  E  A  D  E  R. 

. '  Some  mi) yet  think  the  Maps  toofmtllt  4nd  the  Difeourfe  too 
(borty  audindeedfo  do  I ;  hut  then  be  f  leafed  to  eoftfider^  that  my 
Defign  n'^  Brevity^  wherein  I  rather  confulted  your  Advantage^ 
by  rendring  the  Book  both  more  Portable,  and  Ufs  Chargeable ; 
fothat  I  was  often  times  more  folieitom  and  comer ned  to  confider 
what,  than  what  not  to  write :  Tet  have  induflrioujly  endeavour* 
ed  by  infertion  of  the  mojl  important  Obfervables^that  nothing  ma* 
terial either  in  the  Maps  or  Defcriptions  may  be  wanting^  to  pre- 
fentyou  withfuch  afatisfa£i.ory  view  of  the  Earthly  Globe^  and  its 
refpeSiive  parts,  as  may  make  good  ou,'  TitU- :  For  without  vanity 
it  may  be  affirmed,  that  4U  compendious  as  it  is^yetyau  have  there^ 
in  now  fummed  up  the  Reverend  Obfervations  of  the  Ancient 
Strabo^  Pliny,  and  Ptolomy ;  the  choice  Rarities  of  the  ikwhi- 
anGeographer  ;  the  unwearied  Indujiry  of  Mercator  4;»<^  Mun- 
fter  ;  the  Great  W or  Id  of  Ovi^Xxu^  rfWMaginus ;  theftately  Vo- 
lumesof  Bleau4»^  Johnfon ;  the  Moslem  and  Applauded  Maps 
of  Du  Val  4//«i  Sanfen  ;  nayjhe  Quinteffenee  of  //^^  Chorogra- 
phies,  Topographies,  Relations,  Journals,  and  Travels  of  moji 
Authors  extant.    So  that  if  not  large  enough  for  the  Readings  o^ 
the  mojl  Curious  and  much  at  Leifure,yet  may  ferve  as  a  helpful 
Introduiiion  to  their  more  Voluminims  Trails ;  and  to  others 
Thope,fully  JatisfaSlory,  At  leafi  1  am  confident  it  may  be  fuffi- 
cient  to  demon  fir  ate  the  great  Errors  of  the  Old  Maps,  and  the 
r^ceffity  of  New  and  Larger ;  but  this  is  not  to  be  performed  with- 
out a  greater  Stock  than  I  am  Steward  of     And  the  Encouraging 
Gentry  of  England  have  been  fo  often  impofed  upon  by  pretenders 
to  Mapping,  that  I  el ef pair  of  making  any  Propofals,  and  confe* 
quently  of  ever  doing  of  them.     And  indeed  'tis  now  time  for  me 
to  provide  for  a  future  Efiate,  where  there  will  be  better  Rewards 
ffff  the  true  and  faithful  Service  of 

Your  moft  Humble  and  Obedient  Servant, 

N  ROBERT    MORDEN. 


•'■:"v;i,,. 


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.   '.      ■■■■  tS.'^ ■.'■•: 


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Introdudion 


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GEOGRAPHY 


I  O  G  kAT  HT  is  a  Science  whWi  Tcacheth  the 
Defcription  and  Dimenfion  of  all  the  Earth,  as  it  doth 
together  with  the  ffater ,  compote  that  round  Body, 
which  from  its  form  Is  called  the  Orh  or  Glohe  of  the 

i?<*r//&;  DefcribingtheScicuations,  and  Meafuring  the 

Diftances  of  all  its  parts.  .'        * 

The  Earth  is  placed  in  refpecSfc  of  the  other  Vlanets  or  Stars  of  the 
Univerfe,  according  to  Vtolomy  and  Tycho,  in  the  Center ,  fixed  and 
Immoveable  ;  but  according  to  Copernicut ,  betweea  the  Orh  of 
Mars  and  Fims  moveable. 

For  according  to  Celeftial  Appearances,  one  of  tbefe  two  Hyfothefes 
muftbe  granted:  i.  That  the  Earth  is  placed  in  the  Center,  immove- 
able,  and  that  all  the  Celeftial  Bodies  do  move  round  it  in  their  Diur- 
nal and  Annual  Revolutions,  as  in  Fig,  i. 

1.  Or  that  the  Sun  is  the  Cenrer  of  the  Planets  and  Fixed  Stars, 
whiCi)  have  no  daily  Motion  ;  but  that  this  Earth,  Sea,  and  Air  abouc 
it,  hath  a  twofold  Motion,  one  Diurnal,  about  its  own  Center  in  24 
hours,  whereby  all  its  parts  are  alternately  enlightned,  and  Day  and 
Night  fucceffively  en  joyed ;  the  other,  its  Annual  Motion,  by  which 
it  ip  carried  about  the  Sun  in  the  fpace  of  a  Ytar,  whereby  all  places 
in  courfe  enjoy  Sfring,  Summer,  Autumn,  and  fVmtff,  ^ig*  2* 


B 


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%  .       An  IntroiuUion  to  Geolrafihy. 

Iht^e'Hypothefes,  witlj  the  Circles  of  the  Sphere,  and  Motion  of 

the  Planets,  you  will  find  "explicated  and  demonftrated  more  at  large, 

in  my  Introdu<aion  to  th?  Ufc  of  the  Globes,now  ready  for  the  Prefs. 

The  Globe  of  the  Earth  is  variouQy  Defcribed  by  Geographers  into 

Lines  and  PartSy  which  are  either  Real  or  Imaginary, 

The  Rw/ parts  of  the  Terre [I rial  Globe  are  Earth  and  Plater.  The 
Imaginary  parts  are  certain  Lines,  which  are  not  materially,  but  for  the 
better  underftanding  of  this  Science,  are  fuppofed  to  bepn  or  above 
the  Earth.  \    , '         ^         *  5- 

Thefe  Lines  are  cither  Straity  or  Circt*lar.    ThzAxis  is  a  ft  rait  Line 
paffing  through  the  midlt  or  Center  of  the  E«?yr^,  which  is  the  Diame- 
ter of  the  Univerfe ;  the  extreme  points  or  ends  whereof,  are  called' 
the  Voles ;  the  one  Point  is  called^the  JrBick^  or  North-Fole,  the  other 
the  AntarBickf  ov  South-Vole.  ■\-,:^::.-'''.:-   "'■"■J^ '':'""■  .^ 

Thefe  Poles  are  twofold  ;  i.  The  Poles  of  the  World,,  or  Et^uator, 
upon  which  is  made  the  daily  Motion  from  Ea/l  to  PFe/l:  2.  The  Poles 
of  the  Ecliptick,  upon  which  the  Earth,  or  all  the  Celeftial  Bodies  do 
make  their  Yearly  Revolution  from  Pf^efi  to  Eafi, 

The  Circtdar  Lines  are  divided  into  the  greater  and  the  lelTer  :  The 
Greater  Circlet  are  fuch  as  divide  the  Glebe  into  two  equal  parts,  and 
are  four  in  number.  Meridian,  Horiz,ony  Ei^uator,  Ecliptick  ;  And  thefe 
are  either  fixed  ,  as  the  E^«/»ro>-  ^ti^Ecliptick ;  or  moveable  with  the 
mutation  of  places,  as  the  Mtritliany  and  Horizon.       -      ■ 

The  Horizon,  the  Boundary  or  Termination  of  our  fight,  is  the  on- 
ly Great  Circle  Gbfervable  by  theeye  ;  for  being  upon  a  Plain  in  any 
fair  Day  or  Night,  and  looking  where  the  Heavens  and  Earth  part, 
we  fee  an  apparent  Circle,  which  divides  the  vifible  part  of  Heaven 
from  the  invilible  ;  extending  it  felf  intoa  ftrait  Line,  from  the  Su» 
perficies  of  the  Earth  every  way  round  about  that  place  you  ftand 
upon  ;.  dividing  the  Heavens  into  two  unequal  parts,  which  is  defign* 
ed  outby  they%i6r,  and  k  fometimes  greater  or  leffer,  according  to 
the  condition  of  the  place»  But  this  Horizon  is  not  the  true  Horizon, 
but  parallel  to  it,  and  therefore  called  the  fenfible  or  vifible  Horizon, 
comprehending  all  that  fpace  of  the  earth  which  is  vifible,  and  di- 
.  ftinguifhing  it  from  the  reft.v^^hith  Kqth  under,  and  is  invifible. 

ThQ  other  Horizsn,  whichisdiWid  th^  True  cr  Rational  Horizon,  is 
a  Great  Circle,  dividing  that  part  of  (he  Heavens  which  is  above  us, 
from  that  part  which'  is  under  us,  exadly  into  two  equal  parts,. 
paffing  through  the  Center  of  the  Earth,  always  certain  and  the 
lame;  fuppofe  ^  Line  of  Dire<ilion  perpendicular  toit,  pafling  through 
to  thcr  pointy  arreftly~^b\rer  our  hwd,  called  the  Zenith,  and  another 

dire^ly 


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dire(ftly  uftdet,  our  feet,  called  the  iV<f<//r,- which  are  the  two  Poles  of 
the  Horizotf,  and  90  degrees  diftant  from  it. 

By  this  Circle  our  .Days  and  Nights  are  meafured  ;  for  th«t  time 
wherein  the  Sun  continueth  above  the  horizon,  we  call  an  Artificial 
Day,  and  the  time  that  heis  under  it,  the  Night ;  it  alio  fhews  the 
Rifirig  and  Setting  of  the  Stars  arid  Planets ;  for  when  they  come  up 
froth  the  dark  Hemifphere,  they  arefaid  to  Rife;  and  ptr contra ,  when 
they  go  down,  are  faid  to  Set* 

The  Meridian  is  a  Circle  paffing  throygh  whe  Voles  of  the  Earth,  and 
the  Vertical  or  Zenith  point  of  the  Horizon,  croffing  it  at  right  Angles, 
dividing  the  EiJ>'?/&  ipto  two  equal  parts.or  Hemifpheres,  in  the  Points 
,  of  North  and  S^uth ;  the  one  Eafiern,  the  other  Wefiern :  And  is  fo 
called,  becaufe  when  the  Sun  cometh  to  the  Meridian  of  any  place, 
it  is  Noon,  or  Mid'^ay  :  Many  in  number,  becaufe  all  places  from 
Ea^  to  Pf^efi  hay  e  (GVQral  Meridian  J :  -  ,■  viR*.v»^f(.v^<v>%  ..i. 

Amongft  thefe,  one  is  of  fpecial  Note  and  Ufe,  which  Geographers 
call  the /r//  or  chief  Meridian:  This  Jirjl  Meridian  is  that  from  which 
the  Longitudes  of  places  are  reckoned :  In  this  Meridian  the  Poles  of 
the  World  are  fuppofed  to  Be  fixed  ;  and  in  this  Circle^  the  Latitude 
of  Places,  or  Height  of  the  Poles,  arc  numbred.  "y^i'  >  f'>-^'-fi^-^p,.  r;. 

The  Equator,  or  Line  under  the  Eqmnoilial,  is  a  great  Circle  encom- 
paflingthe  very  middle  of  the  Earth  between  the  two  Poles,  dividing 
it  into  two  equal  parts  from  North  to  South ;  and  it  is  divided,  as  all  • 
Great  Circles  are,  into  360  equal  parts  or  degrees.  It  is  called  Equator, 
either  becaufe  it  is  equally  diftant  from  the  Foles  of  the  IVorld,  or  ra-  ■ 
ther  becaufe  when  the  5««  comes  to  this  Line,  which  is  twice  in  the 
Year,  'viz  in  its  entrance  into  Aries,  which  is  aboutthe  loth  or  nth 
of  March ;  and  again  in  Libra  about  the  nth  or  i^tb  ofSeptempor^  he 
makes  equality  of  Dap  and  N^hts  throughout  the  fVorld ;  from  itare 
the  Latitudes  of  places  numbred  upon  the  Mtridian,  either  North  or  . 
Scuth ;  upon  it  the  Longitude  of  places  are  reckoned :  It  meafures  the 
Quantity  of  Artificial  and  Natural  Days,  Hours,  &c.  Therefore  its 
Degrees  are  called  7'e/»;>or^,  Times,  and  is  divided  in  to  24  hours,  ij 
degrees  thereof  toiin  hour;  for  ly  times  24,  makes  560  degrees ; 
every  degree  is  4  minutes  of  Time,  for  4  times  i ),  is  60  minutes,  or 
an  hour. 

The  Ecliptick,  fo  called  becaufe  the  Eclipfes  of  the  Sun  and  Moon 
are  here  made,  is  an  Oblique  Circle  croffing  the  Equator  in  twoop- 
pofite  Points,  called  theEquinodtical  Points ;  and  is  divided  into  12 
parts,  called  the  12  Signs.  It  is  called  Via  Solis,  becaufe  the  Sun  al- 
ways goes  under  it  ia  its  annual  Courfe  j  but  the  reft  of  tfie  Planets 

B  2  have 


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ji,«,jg  lif »M,!i5f '  n|«<}«.;i»^i«;  '.uj^m'wr^m^mjg^ffm^ 


illf l||,qiy  J ,,  If  '.^"i-jiff^ '  _;■■' 


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'4  '^/»  IntroMm  ta  GeogiMphfj 

have  their  deviations  either  Nerz-J  or  South  from  this  Line,  Thii  Cir- 
cle hath  2  Poles ;  for  as  the  Meridians  meet  in  the  Poles  of  the  World,, 
ib  the  Circles  of  Lovgitudt  draW,n  through  the  12  Signs,  meet  in  the 
Poles  of  the  Edipticky  each  Pole  of  the  Ecliptick  being  diftant  from 
its  corfefpondent  Pole  of  the  world,  2;  deg.  go  min*  and  arec  called 
North  or  ,Sonthj  according  to  their  pofition  next  the  North  or  Sotttk 
Poles  0^  the  World. 

The  Meridian  that  pafleth  through  the  Ef«w(?(J?w/ Point  of  the; 
Ecliftick  in  the  beginning  oiArits  ana  Libra,  is  called  the  E^utmtiial 
Colurt'y  and  that  which  paffetli  through  the  b^inningof  Cancer  and- 
Capricorn,\s  csW^d  ihQ  SolfiitialCoJure.  ,  x 

Thefe  C»li*res  divide  the  Ecliptick  into  four  eqa'al  parts,  which  are 
called  Cardinal  Points ;  for  according  to  the  Sun's  approach  unto  any 
of  them,  the  Sealbn  of  the  Year  is  altered  into  Springs  Summer,  Au* 
tumn,  and  fVinter, 

.   The  Z.Pj^  Circles  or  Lines  are  Named  with  particular  Names,  as 
Tropicks  And  Polar  Circles.  ....•.-•    .  *  .        s        '-.,  X,^  ■ 

The  Trbpicks  are  parallel  Circles  to  the  Equator,  diftant  from  it  2^ 
Degrees  and  a  half:  That  on  the  Ncrtb-f\dQ  of  the  Equator^  is  called 
th^Tropick  of  Cancer,  where  the  Sun  hath  the.greateft  North  declination,. 
andmaketh  ourlongeft  Day  and  (Kortefl  Night,  which  is  about  the 
iitb  or  iitb  oi  June:  The  other  on  the  South-fide  is -called  the  Trc 
pick  of  Capricorn,  in  which  point  the  5'«w  hath  itsgreateft  South  Declina- 
tion, making  pur  fliorteft  Day,  and  longeft  Night,  which  is  about  the^ 
ilthor  I2th  oiDecemhev*. 

^/  The  P(?/<j;«CWei  are  parallels,  compaflihg  thePoZfjof  the^r/</at 
25  Degrees  and  a  half  diftance ;  that  about  the  North-Pole  is  called 
the  Art ick.  Circle,  the  otljer  thsAntarftick  Circle,  becaufe  oppofite  ta, 
it  ^  As  in  Fig..'^, 

The(^s  Tropick  and  Polar  Circles  divide  the  Earth  into  five  parts, 
called  by  the  Greeks  Zones,  from  Zavm,  Cingulum,  as  enclofing  the- 
whole  Earth  within  their  refpe<5live  Diliri(Sls ;  of  thefe  five  'Zones, 
three  were  accounted  by  the  Ancientsto  be  ff>  intemperate,  as  to  be 
uninhabitable;  one  of  them  by  reaCbn  of  the  Suns  beams  continually 
darting  upon  the  fame;  and  this  they  called  the  tonid  Zone,  termi- 
nated by  the  Tropicks  on  each  fide : .  The  other  two,  the  one  compre- 
hended within  the  Arcftick  Circle,  and  the  other  compafTed  by  the 
Antartid,  by  reafon  of  the  extreme  Cold^  they  thought  uninha- 
bitable, as  being  fo  lemote  from  the  Suns  Beams :  But  only  the  re- 
gaining two  were  accounted  Temperate,  and  therefore  Habitable ; 

■    N        the 


» 


the  one  lyingitetween  the  Ar^ick  Cir^^,  and  tht  Tropiclk  oi  Cancer, 
and  the  other  between  the  Antar<aick  and  thttropick  o£ Capricorn. 

Thus  much  of  the  CeneralGeografby :  The  Special  is  that  which  fet- 
teth  forth  the  Defcription  of  the  Terre/lrial  Globe,  fo  far  forth  as  'tis 
divided  into  diftindt- parts  or  places :  And  is  either,  i.  THe  Defcrip- 
tion of  fome  great  intcgratmg  part  of  the  Earth.  2.  Or  of  fome 
one  Region,  and  fo  is  properly  called  Cborcgrapby,  5.  Or  of  fome 
particular  place  in  a  Region  or  Counrry,  which  is  Topography, 

According  to  thegreater  integrating  parts  thereof,  the  Ancients  di- 
vided the  whole  £<»rfi&  into  three  great  parts,  viz,  Europe,  Afia,  anc' 
yifrictf ;  to  which  is  now  added  a  fourth,  vix.,  America :  Thele  are  again 
divided  into  Provinces,  Countries,  KingJoms,  &c.  And  e|ich  of  thefe 
are  again  fubdlvided  into  Earldoms,  Baronies,  Lordfliips,  &c,  Thefe 
t4uee  kinds  or  parts  make  up  the  perfeft  Su)}je6):  of  Geography, 

Again,  every  part  and  place  of  the  Earth  is  confidered  ia  its  felf,  or 
according,  to  its  AJjurBs,  and  fo  itis  ^xihtv  Continent  or  JfianJ. 
•     A  Continent  is  a  great  quantity  of  Land,,  in  which  many  great  King- 
Jems  and  Countries  are  conjoined  together,  and  not  feparated  one  from  : 
another  by  any  Sea,  as  Europe,  Afia,  &c. 

An  JJland  is  a  part  of  the  Earth  compaiTed  and  environed  round 
about  with  IVater,  as  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 

Thefe  are  again  obfery able  parts,  both  of  Cc^?/ii»««/J  and  Tflands,  viz. 
Pir.ivfula,  Ijfbm»s,Prom4)ntorium,,* 

Peninjula  qutifi penelnfula,  is  a  part  of  Land,  "which  Being  almofV  enr 
vironed  an^dencompafted  round  with  Water,  is  yet  joined  to  the  firni 
land  by  fome  little  Ifibmus,  as  Africa  is  joined,  to  Afia,<^t.  Mma  to 
Greece,  by  the  Greeks,  called  Cherfonefits,.  ,         / 

An  Ifihmus  is  a  narrow  jieck  of  Land  betwixttwo  Seas,  joining  the 
Pminfula  to  the  Continent,  as  that  of  Darien  in'Anserica,  or  Corinth  in 
Greece, 

A  Promontory  is  a  high  Hill  or  Mountain,  lying  out  as  an  elbow  of 
/  Land  into  the  Sea^  the  utmoft  end  of  which' is  called  a  Capfy  as  the  . 
Cape  of  Gocd'Hope,  and  Cape  VerJ. 

The  AdjunHs  of  a  place  are  either  fuch  as  refpcA  the  Earth  \t  felf, 
or  the  Heavens :  Tbofe  that  agree  to  a  place  in  refpe<a  of  the  Earthy 
are  three  in  number,  viz,  thQ. Magnitude  or  Extent  of  a  Country,  the  ; 
Bounds  or  Limits,  the  Quality, 

The  Magnitude  comprehends  the  length  aud  breadth  of  a  place.  ,./■!; 

The  Bounds  of  a  Country  is  a  Line  terminating  it  round  about, 
diftinguifhing  it  from  the  bordering  Lands  or  IVattrs,    ,  •  .,\  r 


i'.- 

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i5  ^Affl^foAu^loii  to  Gto^fOfhyi^ 

The  Quality  Q^  a  place  is  the  Natural  Temper  and  I^ifpofition 
thereof. 

A  place  in  regard  of  the  Heivfw,  is  either  Eafi,  Pf^efi,  Nortb,  or 
Smth. 

Thofe  places  are  properly  Eafi  which  lye  in  the  Eafiem  Hemifpbere, 
(  terminated  by  the  firft  Meridian  )  or  whore  the  5«»  rifeth. 

Thofe  are  ^/?  which  lye  Wefiern  of  the  faid  Mmdian^  or  towards 
*•  thefetting  of  the  Sun. 

Thofe  places  are  properly  North  which  lie  betwixt  the  Equator  &n^ 
4rtick'?ole.      "     ■  ^',.*'***^f*% 

'^^  Thofe  South  which  are  betwixt  the  Equator  and  the  Antartick  Tole, 

The  Ancients  did  alfo  diftinguifli  the  Inhabitant^  of  the  Earth  from 
thediverfitiesof  (hadows  of  Bodies  into  three  forts  f -v/Ji.  P<r//tf«,  He* 
terofcii^SLtid  Amphifcii :  The  Inhabitants  of  the  Frigid  Zone  ( if  any  fuch 
,  are  )  were  termed  Perifiii,  becaufe  the  Ihadow  of  Bodies  have  there  a 
Circular  motion  in  24  hours^  the  Sun  neither  rifing  nor  fetting  but  in 
a  greacer  portion  of  time. 

The  Inhabitants  of  the  7^w/>cr<»/«'2^owi  they  called  Heterofciij  becaufe 

the  Meridian  Shadows  bend  towards  either  Pole,  towards  the  North 

among  thofe  that  dwell  within  the  Tropick  of  Cancer  and  the  Artick 

Circle ;  towards  thc'South  amongft  thofe  that  dw^ll  within  the  Tr(h 

t  pick  of  Capricorn  and  the  Antartick  Circle.  -  -^  •  iv  .yr -■-; -^  ^* ; '' 

The  Inhabitants  of  the  Torrid  Zcj,3c  they  called  Amphifciiy  becaufe 
the  Noon  or  Mid-day  Shadow,  according  to  the  time  of  Year,  doth 
fometimes  fall  toward  the  North,  fometimes  towards  the  South :  when 
the  Sun  is  in  the  Northern  Siins,  it  fallefh  towards  the  South :  and  to- 
wards the  North,  when  in  the  Southern  Si^s.  And  becaufe  of  the  dif- 
ferent fight  of  oppofite  Habitations,  the  Ancients  have  divided  the 
Inhabitants  of  the  Earth  into  Veriaci,  Antaci,  and  Antipodes, 

The  Pm^d  are  fuch  as  live  under  the  fame  Parallel,  being  equally 
diflant  from  the  Equator,  but  in  oppofite  points  of  tiie  fame  Parallel. 

The  ^»f^«  are  fuch  as  have  the  fame  Meridian  and  Parallel,  equally 
diftant  from  the  Equator,  but  the  one  North,  and  the  other  South. 

The  Antipodes  are  fuch  as  inhabit  two  places  of  the  Earth  which 
are  diametrically  oppofite  one  to  the  other.    See  Fig,  4. 

The  Ancieus  did  alio  divide  the  lanh  into  Climates  and  Parallels. 
'  A  Climate  is  a  fpace  of  Earth  comprehended  betwixt  any  two  pla- 
ces, whofe  longeft  day  differs  in  quantity  half  an  hour. 
•    A  Parallel  hz  fpace  of  E<«r;/6  wherein  the  days  increafe  in  length 
a  quarter  of  an  hour ;  fo  that  every  Climate  contains  two  Parallels. 


TH-fs 


\A»  IntroditSiioft  to  Qeogrsphp       '  j 

Thefe  Climates  and  Parallels  are  pot  of  equal  quantity,for  the  firft  is 
longer  than  thefeCond,  and  the  fecond  likewife  greater  than  the  third, 
&c.  At  the  Latitude.^  where  the  longed  days  are  increafed  half  an  hout 
longer  than  at  the  Eefuator,  viz,,  longer  than  12  hours.  The  firft  Cli- 
mate beginsy  which  is  at  the  Latitude  of  8  degrees,  3*4  minutes ;  and 
in  the  Latitude  of  16  degrees,  43  minutes,  where  the  days  are  increa- 
fed an  hour  longer  than  at-  the  Kquator.  The  fecond  Climate  btg\ns,!in^ 
(b  outwards.  But  becaufe  the  Ancients,  and  alfo  Vtohmj  ,  jmppofed 
that  part  of  the  Earth  which  lies  under  the  Equator  to  be  inhabitable, 
therefore  they  placed  the  firft  Climate  at  the  Latitude  o^  iz  degrees, 
43  minutes,  where  the  longeft  day  is  12  hpurs  |  lon^?  and  the  fecond 
Climate  to  begin  at  th^X^atitudeoi  20  degrees,  34  minutes,  where  the 
longeft  day  is  12  hours  and  5  long^&c,  ;'.Tis  needlefs  indeed  to  take 
any  more  notice  of  them,  than  thus  much  only  j  that  they  that  de- 
fcribe  the  Scituation.of  places  by  Climes  and  Parallels ,  had  9s  good 
fay  nothing.:  ^       / 

The  Terraqueous  Globe  isbuut;  Imaginary  pointfonaparedtD.  the  vaft 
^panfion  of  the  Univerfe,  though  of  it  fdf  of  great  Magnitude }  foi- 
Geographers  divide  it  into  360  parts  of  degrees,  and  each  degree  into 
60  minutes,  which  are  fo  many  ir<i//4»  Miles  j  ^  that  i\\q  Circumference 
thereof  is  21600  n;iles,  and  the  Diameter,  or  Axis,  is  687^  miles, 
and  its  Superficies  in  fquare  miles^  is  reckoned  to  amount  to  148^  ^  o,f  ^4 

of  the  lame  mealure.  ^  . '.  ;.• '^iv  ,4  o^m 't'-'  *  nr;;r'  '*^"^f  i"' x' ••-''^ 
*Tis  a  common  Opinion,  that  5:  pF  oiir  En;^ItJhfeef  make  a  Oeometrienl 
pace,  lODo  of  thefe  paces  make  an  Italian  mile,  and"  60  of  thefe  miles 
in  any  great  Circle  upon  the  5;'j6mw/furfjtce  of  the  Earjb,  or  Sea,  make 
a  degree ;  fo  that  a  degree  of  the  Heavens  contains  upon  the  fur  face  of 
the  Earthy  according  to  this  account,  .60  Italian  miles,  20  French  or 
Dutch  Leagues,  i  j  ,Gerw<z»m,iIes,  ijlSpaniJh L^j^ues^and  5 6 2 EngHPf 
miles. 

But  according  to  feveral  Experiments  made,  the  quantity  of  a  de- 
greeU  thus  varioufly  found  to  be  :By  Albazard  an  Arabian,  333333 
Arabian  feet  in  one  degree,  which  reduced  to  our  Englijlj  mealure  is 
367283  f  V  ,  or  70  miles,  and  ^  parts  ot'  a  foot.  By  Ptolemy 
360000  Rhynland kct,  which  reduced  to  our  Englijh  feet  is  371900, 
or  70  miles  1^  By  fP'ilbrodus  SneSius,  An.  1613.  ^/^zooo  Rbptland 
feet,  in  Englijb  3^33°^  feet,  or  67  miles  fere.  By  Norwood  m  his 
Experiment  between  Tork  and  London,  finds  one  degree^ upon  the 
Earth  to  contain  367200  feet,  which  m^kes  69I.  By  Picar  a  French- 
man, about  73  Italian  miles,  and- is  the  neareftmeafufp  yet  found 
by  thefe  Experiments  to  anfwer  to  a  degree  of  the  Heavens ;  fo  that 


.\. 


s^.'^i 


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'■»«"^WfJIPlllIi^l»i»ppiP!F""?»^''f^'«'''»»Wjy' "" 


y 


Jtt  IntrodnUfon  to  Geography.     '     , 

the  circumference  ot  die  E</r/-6 thenis  2 yoio  miles,  tfiie  Diantitet 
7958  in  E*|g///fe  mlfes. 

I'lhalllierenote,  That  no  Country  doth  in  all  parts  of  its  Ter- 
ritories make  ufe  of  the  fame  extent  ip^  meafuring:  The  Germans 
have  their  great,  little,  arid  ordinary  miles;  the  Leagues  of  France 

i   ari^  5/'^;r»  are  of  different  lengtlis,  and  fo  are  the  miles  in  our  own 

*  Country. 

Xhe  Earth  (as  wis  faid  before)  h encompafted  about  with  the  Pf^a- 
tety  which  wafhing  and  furrOunding  the  dry  Land,  cuts  out  and  (hapes 
fo  many  winding  Baysy  'Creeks,  and  Meandring  Inlets ,  and  Teems  no- 
where fo  much  confined  and  penned  as  in  the  Straits  of  MageUan,^tom 
whence  again  expatiating,  it  fpreads  its  felf  into  two  immenfe,  and 
almoft  boundlefs  Oceans^  which  give  Terminaries  to  the  four  regions 

>    of  the  Earth,  and  extending  it  felf  round  them  all,  is  but  one  conti- 
nued Ocean,  ■' 
,..  The  fVater  is  either  Ocean,  Seas,  Straits,  Creekt,  Lakes,  or  Rivers* 

^"  -  ThQ  Ocean  i$  a  general  GolleAion  or  RendezVouz  of  all  fVaters, 
The  Sea  is  a  part  of  the  Ocean,  and  js  either  exterior,  lying  even  to 
the  fliorc,  as  the  Britifh  or  Arabian  Seas;  or  interior,  lying  within  the 
Land,  to  which  you  muftpafs  through  fome  Strait,  as  the  Mediterra^ 
nean,  or  Baltick  Seas. 

t  A  Strait  is  a  narrow  part  or  Arm  of  the  Ocean,  lying  betwixt  two 
Shores  and  opening  a  way  into  the  Sea,  as  the  Straits  of  Gibralter,\\\& 
Hellefpont,  &C. 

A  Cmy^is  a  fmall  narrow  part  of  the  Sea  that  goeth  up  but  a  little 
way  into  th^  LUnd,  otherwife  called  a  Ba/,  a  Station,  or  Road  for 

r    Ships.  • 

;  • "  A  Lake  is  that  which  continually  retains  and  keeps  fp^ater  in  it,  ai 
the  Lakes  Nicurgua  in  America,  and  Zaire  in  Africa. 

A  River  is  a  fmall  Branch  of  the  Sea  flowing  into  the  Land,  court- 
ing the  Banks  whilft  they  their  Arms  difplay,  to  embrace  her  filver 

»,  waves. 


-  ^ 


^ 


-4:-  f% 


L 


Of  the  Barnes  of  the  Ocean, 


:^^ 


/'. 


'^' 


According  to  the  four  Quarters  it  had  four  Karnes  Fro  -n  the  E«y? 
it  was  called  theEaftern,  or  Oriental  Ocean  ;  from  the  Pf^efi  the  We- 
ftern,  or  Occidental  Ocean;  from  the  North  the  Northern,  or  Subten- 
trional :  and  from  the  South  thQ  Southern,  or  Meridional  Ocean :  But 
befides  thefe  more  general  Names,k  hath  other  particular  ^^«i7/»f/o«i, 
according  to  th6  Countries  it  boundeth  upon,  and  the  nature  of  the 

■r^:...         :,-^      Sea: 


■  t 


I 


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,  ■»♦- 


u,  Aji  ''v  ; 


mm 


Sed :  As  it  lies  extended  towards  the  Eafi,  ic  is  called  the  Cbinedn  Sea, 
from  the  adjacent  Country  of  Chma:  Towards  the  South  'els  called 
Ofionm  Iniicm,  or  the  Wm»  Sta,  becaiife'upon  it  lies  the  Indians  x 
Where  it  touches  theCoaft  of  Verfia^  it  is  called  Hare  Verficum :  So  alfo 
Mart  jir^bicum,  from  Arabia :  So  toward  the  Wefl  is  the  Ethiopian  Sea. 
Then  the  AtUmtick  Ocean,  from  Atlas,  a  Mountain,  or  Promontory  in 
Africa;  but  more  Weftward  near  to  America,  ic  is  called  by  the  Spa^ 
nkrds,  Mar  delNort\  and  on  the  other  Meof  America,  it  is  called  Mar 
del  Zur,  or  Mare  Taeifcum,  Where  it  toucheth  upon  Spain,  it  is  called 
Oeeanus  mfpanicusy  by  the  Er^lijh  the  Bay  oiBifcayi  The  5*4  betwixt 
England und  Franceis  called  the  Channel^  between  England  and  Ireland 
the  h'ijh  Sea :  Between  England  and  Holland  it  is  called  oy  feme  the  Ger- 
man^ or  rather  the  Britifh  Ocean :  Beyond  Scotland  it  is  called  MareCale- 
dmum;  higher  towards  the  Nor/A  it  is  called  the  Hyper boream,  orFrozm. 
Sfa ;  more  Eajtward,  upon  the  Coaft  of  Tartary,  the  Tartarian  Sea ;  or 
Scythian  Ocean,  &c. 

The  N^mes  of  the  Inland  Sea's  are,  i.  The  Baltick  Sea,  by  the  Dutch 
called  the  Oofi  Zee,  by  the  Inhabitants  Die  Belt,  lying  between  D£«- 
markaLtid  Sweden,  the  chief  Entrance  whereof  is  called  the  50»»</. 

2.  PMifiKr  Euxinus,  or  the  J?/^ci&  5f<>;  to  which  joins  Meotis  Palus, 
now  Mar  de  Zabacke,oathG  North;  and  Mar  Marmora  on  the  South. 

The  third  is  the  Cafpian  or  Hjrcanian  Sea,  By  the  Perfians,  Kurfom* 

The  fourth  hth&  Arabian  Gulf,  Mare  Erytbaum,  Mare  Rubrum,  or 
the  Red  Sea,  Mer  Rogue  Gallis,  Mare  Rojjo  Italis, 

The  fifth  is  the  Perfian  Gulf,  or  the  Gulf  de  Elcatif,  &  de  Baffora. 

The  fixth  is  Mare  Mediterraneum^  by  the  Ewg/i/b  the  Straits,  by  the 
Spaniards,  Mat  de  Levant ;  the  beginning  or  entrance  of  it  is  called  the 
Straits  of  Gibralter,  rather  Gibal-Tarif, 

Now  that  all  Places,  Cities,  Towns,  Seas,  Rivers,  l^kes,  &c.  may 
be  readily  found  out  upon  the  Globe  or  Map,  all  Geographers  do,  or 
fhould  place  them  according  to  their  Longitude  and  Latitude ;  the  ufe 
of  which  in  the  abfblutefenie  is  to  make  out  the  pofition  of  any  Place  in 
reped  of  the  whole  Globe,  or  to  fiiew  the  Scituation  and  difiance  o^vne 
place  from,  and  in  refpeft  of  any  other.  j,^     ''^"^^ 

Longitude  is  the  diftance  of  a  place  from  thefirft  Mr/i^  recfconed 
in  the  degrees  of  the  Etjuator,  beginning  by  fome  at  the  Canaries,  by 
others  at  the  Az^es ;  by  reafon  01  which  Confufion,  I  have  made  the 
Longitudes  in  this  Enilipt  Geography  to  begin  from  Lo^xion,  and  are  rec- 
koned Eaftward  ana  Weft  wara^  according  af  they  are  fituated  from 

C  ''■'    t  London 


Lonion  on  the  cop  of  the  Map^  An4  hjive  alfo.  added  the  £dif»V«ir 
from  the  Tener fto^nd  abo^t  the  Qlob^i  of  ti)«  Earth  at  tHe  bottom  of 
the  Map,  as  ufually  in  the j;>iaek  Maps«  that  fi>  you  nay  by  infytAioa 
only,  fee  the  Truth  or  £rr9r,  if  yp^  compare  theni  mih  the  TakUs  or. 
Maps  formerly  Extant..  . ,    f,..'  m?r  .•  tt^^\.-\^Mt:cfii  .-  • 

The  Latitudt  of  a  place  is  Its  diftance  from  die  EfMi/^r,  reckoned' 
in  the  degrees  of  the  great  Meridian,  and  is  either  North  or  Soutb^. 
according  as  it  lies  between  die  Nartb  and  Sonth^fekt  of  the  Equatti^ 


Jn  JJvenifement  concemng  the  fr^eSilon  and  Ufes  of 
General  and  Particular  Maps,    v       -' 

Although  the  Defcription  of  the  Earth  upon  the  Globe  be  moft 
proper  to  the  Underftanding,  and  commenfurable  to  Nature ; 
^et  there  are  federal  ways  to  projeAit  in  a  Plane  or  Flat.  Twoefpc- 
cially  are  now  in  ufe,  one  by  Parallelcgram,  the  other  by  Planifpbere, 
Of  the  Defcription  hy  Parallelogram. 
This  ufed  to  be  divided  into  the  midft  by  a  Line  drawn  from  Norr^ 
to  South,  reprefenting  the  great  Meridian ;  Crofs  to  this  at  right  Angles 
another  Line  was  drawn  from  Eaft  to  Weft  for  the  Eejuator,  The  Meri- 
//M»i  equally  diftant,and  the  Parallels  alfo  equally  extended,and  ftraight 
Lines  $  and  this  way  of  Projedion,  tho  utterly  againft  the  Original 
"Nature  arid  Conftitutionof  the  Glohe,  yet  the  plain  Charts  arc  bound  to 
follow ;  indeed  *tis  ftrange  to  me  that  this  Sea-Chart,  being  one  of  the 
moft  principal  Inftrumeats  that  the  Mariners  have  for  their  direction  in 
Sailing,  and  known  to  be  fo  greatly  and  dangeroufly  erroneous,  yet  is 
fiijlmade  ufe  of  by  tho(e  that  would  be  accounted  Excellent. 
.'^V^ ;   i  A- J  .  ^:^  of  the  Defcription  by  the  Planifpherfe. 
This  other  way  of  ProjeAion,  reprefentsthe  face  of  the  Earth  upon 
ii  Plane  in  its  own  proper  figure  Spherically,  as  upon  the  Glohe,  the 
Gibbofity  only  allowed  for,  and  this  is  twofold. 

Of  the  Sedion  by  the  Equator. 
Suppofe  the  Temftrial  Globe^  flatted  upon  the  Plane  of  the  Equatofy 
and  you  have  this  way  of  Projedion,  dividing  the  Earth  into  two  He- 
mifpheres,  North  and  South,  where  the  Pole  is  the  Center,  the  Equav  : 
tor  is  the  Circumference,  the  Oblique  Semicircle  from  Aries  to  Libra 
is  the  North-half  of  the  Ecliptick,  the  Parallels  are  whole  Circles,an<f 
the  Meridians  are  ftraight  Lines. 

Of  the  SeBionby  theyiQtx^xati,       -      ■■■'-■- 
Suppofe  the  Terreftrial  Globe  flatted  upon  the  Plane  of  the  Meridian^ 
and  you  have  this  way  of  Projedion ;  the  Equator  is  here  a  ftraight  1 
Tine,  the  great  Meridian  is  a  whole  Circle,  and  the lefler  Meridian^ 
are  more  Circular  as  they  come  near  to  the  great,  only  that  wh}iGl#^ 
paffeth  through  the  midft  of  the  Hemifphere,  dividing  it  intotj^d^T 
equal  parts,  is  a  ftraight  Line ;  fo  that  the  Meridians  do  not  equally  in    ! 
diftance  concur,  the  Parallels  are  not  Parallels  indeed,  and  ^e  Degrees  .^ 
are  unequal.  However  this  way  is  that  which  is  now  moft  in  famion: 
it  is  defcribed  by  thofe  two  great  Circles  that  take  up  the  folio v«/ing 
Map.    The  Projection  and  Delineation  of  thefe  and  other  particular 
Maps  will  be  more  at  large  fhewed  in  my  Introdudion  to  Altronomy   , 
and  Geography,  as  aforefaid.  Cz    j  ^^^-^ 


mi^ 


la     A  General  Map  of  th^  Eartik 


\ii\\'i  -.tK-  . 


•!      * 


f.  f'  i«t 


0/  thi  Vfe'tf  Mifi:  i| 

Of  Particular  Mafs,  '     " '"   r  r*  ^ 

PftrticuUr  Maps  are  but  Limbs  of  the  Globe;  and  thereFore^  tlio 

they  are  drawn  afunder,  yet  they  are  to  be  made  with  that  proportion, 

as  a  Remembring  Eye  may  fuddenly  acknowledge,  and  joyn  them  to 

the  whoIeBody. 

They  are  moft  commonly  defcribed  upon  a  Parallelogram  ;  but  it 
ought  to  be  with  fuch  Confideration,  that  being  but  Parts  and  Mem« 
bers  fevered  from  the  whole,  they  yet  might  make  as  great  an  Appear- 
ance of  Integrity  and  Truth  as  can  be  allowed;  and  ought  to  confift 
of  fuch  proportions  of  Meridians  and  Parallels,  as  they  truly  confided 
of  in  the  Globe  it  felf.  And  becauleno  Countrey  is  exadtly  fquare,  lb 
mudi  of  the  bordering  Territories  are  ufually  put  in,  as  may  mew  the 
Bounds,  and  fill  up  the  fquare  alfo.     ..     - -O  ^  mv%  -'^;. 

The  true  ProjeAionoT  Maps  chicly  confifts  or  depends  upon  the 
fore-knowledge  of  the  true  Longitude  and  Latitude  of  places;  which 
having  been  to  Notorious  Falfe,  'tis  ftrange  to  me  bow  the  Maps  can* 
be  true.  The  Longitude  is  to  be  exprelTed  by  Meridians  firom  Eafi  ta 
Wefi.  The  Latitude  by  ParaJltls  from  North  to  South :  both  which  may^ 
be  Circles  or  ftraight  Lfnes.  I  havefoprojeAed  all  thefe  ili^/>i,that  the 
Top  and  Bottom  of  the  fquare  are  always  North  and  South,  the  right 
and  left  fides  Eafl  and  Weft ;  fo  that,  you  fee  each  Country  and  place 
in  its  true  Scituation,  as  in  the  Globe  or  general  Map ;  And  have  made 
the  Parallels  and  Meridians  both  ftraight  Lines,fo  that  the  Longitude  and 
Latitude  are  given  by  Infpedtion,  only  the  Meridians  are  indinine  and 
concurring  towards  the  Poles,  to  agree  to  the  Nature  of  the  whole, , 
whereof  they  are  fuch  parts.  And  here  give  me  leave  to  advertife,Thac- 
altho  in  thefe  fmall  Maps  ^he  Error  is  not  very  difcernable ;  yet  cer- 
tainly fome  Foreign  Geographers,  vfhoicMaps  are  now  the  Fondlings 
of  this  Age,  did  not  underftand  the  Projeftion  of  the  Sphere  :  for  to 
me  it  would  have  been  a  great  fhatne  tohaveexpofed  the  pai^sof  the 
World  fQ  large,  upon  fof^tfe  a  Bafis ;  which  muft  need^  render  them 
intolerably  folfein  the  Diitancesof  Places,  had  the  Longitudes  ^nd  La^ 
titudes  been  never  fo  well  adjufted ;  which  indeed  are  as  falfe  as  the 
Diftances  are. 

As  to  the  Graduation  of  thefe  MapSy  the  Veff^eeso^  LatituJe  are 
divided  upon  the  Eafl  and  Weft  fide ;  The  Degrees  o£ Longitst^t^on' 
the  North  and  South.  The  South  Figures  upon  the  Maps  are  the  Longi' 
tudes  from  the  firft  Meridian,  beginning  at  the  Pike  of  Teneriff,  aAd 
reckoned  round  upon  the  Globe  to  360  Degrees.The  Northern  Figure? 
are  the  Diffurenccof  Longitudes  from  London,  and  are  reckoned  Eaft  or 
Welti  according  as  the  Scituation  of  the  place-is  Eaft  or  Well  from 
London,  I^or 

A 


i-.- 


■.-*,■ 


— J5li^»^ 


:^4     .  0ftheV[i9fUif$, 

For  from  whence  to  reckoft  the  lortititdi  in  all  Maps,  is  a  fault  of 
moft  Geogrspbers ;  and  I  am  not  the  dm  chat  have  complained  of  it ; 
for  though  there  be  a  Graduation^  yec  you  are  uncertain  where  their 
firft  Mtndian  begins.^ 

It  will  not  therefore  be  amifs,  if  I  tell  you  the(everal^rM/M»io!>- 
lerved^and  the  DUIanceof  Ungitmk  between  thefe  Meridians^  and  their 
diffivence  from  Lmdmy  viz.  ?tolomj*s  Meridian  was  Jwmia  Mmor, 
WituHtrast  &  HtUi^  VifiL  Madtra,  Ki\c  Nifrro  &  Ortelio;  rather  Ar- 

'  ttvtnt$tr0,  tt^HeBaud,  Hnrbania,  Sanfotu.     This  Junonia  was  from  low- 
doH  %o  dcgr,  .«   f' 

The  Meridian  of  the  Anaian  Geographer  is  fomething  dubious ;  fcir 
Hercnfis  Colttmne  is  zTown  in  Fri/kty  between  Groeninj^en  and  Cover den^ 
called  Duveifcutz,  tcfte  OrteJio.  The  Spaniards  tell  U!|  they  are  in  the 
yies  Gaditans^  now  CaUtps  Cadiz,,  where  are  two  Towers  lb  called', 
Olumias  da  Htrctles,  Others  make  the  two  Mountains  Aiila  and  Cahe, 
on  both  fides  of  the  Herculeum  Fret  urn,  now  Efirechio  de  Gibraltery  to  be 
the  Pillars  of  Hereuku  ThsLtoiAhila  is  in  Mauritania,  now  Mens  AU 
mins,  telle  Ckjta,  Mont  des  Singes,  GaUis.  Scbeminekeihergb,  Belgis,  Calpe 
Mont,  now  Gikalter,  Cltt/ro,  is  a  Mountain  and  City  in  Spain,  over* 
agaiafl:  AhiU,^  and  about  i8  miles  diflant ;  now  near  to,  if  not  the 
iame  with  CetUa  or  Zenfa ;  Latinis,  Septa ;  Grecis,  Septan ;  Mamt,Seni 
Marat y  tefte  Marmolio:  But  forafmuch  as  it  was  but  lo  Degrees  from 
London,  and  that  it  paiTedby  the  utmoft  Point  of  the  Weftern  Shore,  it 
muft  rather  be  from  Heremeum  Tromontorium,  (  not  Hartland  Point  in 
Devonfliire)  butCtf^  Cantit^yx  Morocco,  which  is  from  London  about 
lO'Degrees.  .  j'<^,   -,^.'\:.':;. 

:  The  Dutch  Meridian  is  the  Tike  of  Tenerif,  the  Nivaria  P//».  tefte 
Sanfon,    But  by  theBifliops  of  Girone  and  Andrea  Baeio,  Gomera  is  the 

>ai]cient  Nivaria,  However,  the  Pike  is  the  moft  noted  place,  and  indeed 
the  beft,  if  all  were  well  agreed,  for  the  firft  Meridian,  and  according 
to  the  beft  Qbr<M:VAtic^  that  haire  been  made,,  it  is  from  Lmdon  iS 
Degrees.    ■  ..t.iv \  ..^-r.' ?„.»' ,..,  .-."v'-sr  "^-'r'  ".^''''^ '■'■-' -  .''  ^iV. 

,  ^oU  del  Ferro,  (da'Pluitalia'ptoL  the  Pluvialia,  Tlin,  t^e  Andrea 
Saacbio,  But  Niger  tells  us  Gon$era  is  the  PluvitaUaof  old)  now  I.'J^« 

.^-JitJfil^GaBit;  IJla  de  Hierro,  Hifpanis ;  tht  French  Meridian,  and  is 
diiraftc  froilE  London  20  Degrees. 

Corvo  add  Flores,  the  Meridian  of  many  Writers  and  Map-makers, 
is  from  London-  3  }  Degrees.  St.  Michael,  die  Meridian  of  our  Englijh 
Globes,  is  about  xy.  ^    ;. 

Fico,  the  Meridian  of  DudUut  Sea-Charts,  is  ;  i  Degrees.  : 

-.^That  of  Graciofa,  tii6  Englijh  Hydrographer,  is  about  30  Degrees. 

By 


Of  the  Vft  of  MMfs.  ;  j 

By  thisTableyoumay  eafilv  know  from  wheftM  fnoilGeographers 
begin  their  Lan^hkhs  {  4nd  aUb  know  how  nea^  to  truti,  by  adding 
or  iubftraAiag  the  proper  Numbers  in  the  TalUe ,  to  or  from  the 
Nui\iber  found  in  thek  Mafs, 

As  to  the  Scale  in  particular  \faps,  it  dependeth  upon  the  Degrees  - 
of  a  great  Circle,  ind  the  proportion  of  Miles  in  each  Countrey  to  - 
fuch  a  Degree,  which  I  have  difcourfed  of  in  P^e  2.  to  which  I  refer 
you;  only  take  notice,  That  therefore  I  have  made  no  Scales  to  the 
Ivlaps ;  for  the  Diftanceof  any  two  placestaken  with  your  Compaires, 
and  applied  either  to  the  Eaft  or  Weft-lide  of  your  Map,  which  is  the 
Scale  of  Latitude,  gives  you  the  Number  of  Degrees  chat  thofe  two* 
places  are  diftant  one  from  the  other,  which  multiplied  by  73,  gives 
you  the  Number  of  Geometrical  or //tf/M»  Miles  1  by  69  ,  for  Englifh  - 
Statute  Miles ;  by  i  f  for  French  common  Leives  $  by  17  3  for  the  SpaniSh  • 
Miles;  bv  if  for  the  common  GtruMffy  Dutch,  Denmark,  and  Great 
TeUnd  Miles ;  by  10  for  Hmigar'tan  Miles :  by  Z2  for  Smdift  Miles ;  by 
to  for  the  Mufaman  Verftesor  Voreft;  Dy<48o  for  the  GrrcMiy  Stadia.  , 
or  4;o,  according  to  Mr.  Greaves;  by  20  lor  the  Per&m,  Arabian,  ana  » 
Bgypian  Paralanga>  now caUed  Farfaehihy  24  for tne  Mogtdot  Indian 
Cos,  according  to  Sanfin ;  bv  2f o  for  the  Cbinean  Stades  ;  by  400  for  r 
the  Ikms  of  ^apar ;  as  for  the  Turks,  they  have  no  diftinoioa  of  their,  v 
WaysbyMuw:^  lorDaysby  Hoius* , 


>  .  •' ' 


.,     ,•      ■r-'/'y'^ 


•.■•  •  .".-v 


',  .  ■" 


.     ' ...  . .  ;■»■  •  ?.  •» 


'   -•      u:     ' 


.fc. 


.   ■  ■  .  If  I  ■  It. 
^  ,-  \    \  » 

,  ......  ..,.:■• -.1  ..I  I       .    -  ■ 

.    .-^  J    [   \'<     '"u     j. 


■•v?i',;.v,-v,;;, 


i*«"W 


■^HT 


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■■■■'   ''^-       ■■  -■'      '^     V'  Sf   '    "■"'  '      \/t 

-  ^' 


N-.  ;*^  .. 


.       vV*' 


A.- 


EURO?  E,  one  of  the  four  ereat  Parts  of  the  World,  h  alfo 
^  the  inoft  confvclerable  in  re(peA  of  the  Beaifty  of  her  King" 
domi  and  Comtnmwealfbs,  the  ?olitenefs  of  her  hhabitants, 
the  Excellent  Gofernment  of  her  Cities;  as  alfo  in  regard 
■"  of  its  Excellency  in  her  Traffck  and  Commerce,  the  goodnefs  of  her^ 
Atr,  and  general  Fertility.    It  is  the  leaft  Part  of  all,  yet  has  produced 
Che  jreat  Akxanim  and  Cafttrt  of  the  Univerfe;  contains  within  its 
Bounds  the  prindpal^art  of  the  Ruman  and  Grecian  Monarchies;  and, 

which 


■t^ 


I  JP««  „t 


'-■■M 


4- 


f,  «■  P 


«^fi:^  to  this  day  fumiflieth'  tlie  qr^ct  partis  ioff  the  ^cff//  With  Cclonks, 
Its  Scituation  is  all  in  the'  Northern  Temperate  Zifne,  which  free  the  Inha- 
bit^nts4rom  the  infupfiortable  Heats  ofjifrkk^  akd  from  thofe  which 
atfo  parch  the  more  Southern  Clime$  of  Jjia:  The  Jir  is  generally 
f^eet  and  temperate,  unleis  in  the  remote^  Countries  of  the  I^tb : 
The  50// affords  all  forts  of  Grain  and  Fruit,  c^  which  the  other  parts 
fef  thcl  Pf^prld  are  often  in  want :  Btit  her  hi^^ft Glory  and  Prerogative 
is,  that  ike  is  not  only  Europt,  but  Cbrifiendom,  and  hath  imbraced  the 
trut  Religm,  But  alas !  the  ftrange  Schifms,  thefhameful  Vices,  the  Is- 
mentable  diitentions,  the  unchriftiail  dividons  about  Ceremonies  and 
Opinions^  are  fatal £cHpfes of  herbpightnefsandlpl^ndor,  whoother- 
wife  might  jpftly  have  been  ftilcd.  The  Temple  of  Religion  :  The 
Court  or  Policy  an|d  Government :  The  Academy  of  Learning :  The 
Mlfi:refs  of  Arts  and^Sciences :  The  Magazine  of  Trade  :  TheKurfe 
of  \fi<5torious  and  famous  People:  And.theParadice  of  humane  felicity. 
' "  The  length  of  Europe  is  varioully  fet  down  by  Geographers.  Cluver'tm 
faith  from  the  Cape  of  St.  Vincent  unto  the  mouth  of  the  River  Obj>^  is 
900  German,  or  3600  Italian  miles :  I  find  that  the  true  distance  can* 
hot  be  more  than  fo  degrees,  which  multiplied  by  73,  forfo  many 
n)iles  are  found  to  be  in  a  degree,  makes  i$$o  Geometrical  or  Italian 
miles.S<»»/o«'sMapof  E«rtf^«  makes  thedifVanceto  be  ;  5*  degrees, which 
multiplied  by  7?,  makes  401 5*,  whxh  is  3  6f  miles  more  than  the  great- 
eft  diftance  can  be.  But  the  Great  New  Atlas  tells  us,  *tis  71  degrees  of 
the  Equator,  which  multiplied  by  7;,  makes  yi8|,  which  is  but  iy^  j 
miles  too  large  in  the  length  of  Europe,    ♦ 

Af«^i««j  tells  us,  that  the  diftance  from  Lishon  to  Con(tantinople  is  600 
German,  or  2^00  Italiar  miles.  The  true  diftance  I  find  cannot  be  more 
than  jzl,  which  multiplied  by  7;,  makes  2;  ^2  miles.  But  Sanfon%MA^ 
makes  the  Diftance  to  be  36,  which  makes  276  miles  too  much. 

Heylin  tells  us,  that  Europe  is  in  length  2800  miles ,  in  breadthiioo 
miles;  but  from  whence  he  begins,  br  what  miles  he  means,  the  Rea- 
der cannot  tell ;  fo  that  I  think  he  had  as  good  have  faid  nothing. 

The  Breadth  by  Cluverius  from  C ape  Matrapan  of  the  Mo^a,  to  the 
North  Cape,  is  reckoned  tobe  yjo  German,  or  2200  Italian  miles.  Ma-- 
ginus  makes  it  to  be  almoft  600  German^  or  2400  Italian  miles.  The 
true  diftance  or  difference  of  tatuude  is  55  degr.  of  the  Equator,  which 
multiplied  by  7;  makes  2  y  f  5:  miles.  Sanjons  Map.makes  it  38  degrees, 
which  makes  2774  miles,  which  is  209  miles  too  much.  But  the  great 
Atlas  tells  us,  it  contains  about  44  degrees,  which  makes  3212  miles, 
6)7  miles  too  brge.     •  ' /^-       ,  >    .  •> 

Towards  the  North,  Europe  is  bounded  by  the  Northern  O^e^iWjOther- 

D  4  wife 


\ 


■rt' 


"'H't.-     , 


.    I  llll|l|jpffiipiPiPWR"liMilPPIi|l|««i|IPIIP«P 


mmfm 


Pfi 


wife  called.tlie  f«n6«»Se*^  t>y  ^alibt 
.  modes  thofe  Parts ; 'towards  if 
or  Jtlantick.Octflti ;  by  tHe  ii/<fA,„^,.,.T--..  _^^--j^-.^, ... j. «»,-...  ,^. 
beyond  chat  Sea^  by  part  of  ^/m.  i^^for  the Ea(tern  Bound?,  ii;on» 
the  MeJiterran€anSi^.^theUqtt!by  ttiev  are  thefe:  The  ArciipeU^o,  oft 
lybite  Sea^  anc^^mly  c^d  the  ^«f w^pa.  2.  Th^  Streight  oi  Gallic 
poli,  or  fhc,  Dardane^h^i  otherwife  icalled  the  Am  pf  j^t'Gewgey'ind^ 
formerly  the  Hilfefpep^r  j.  By  Mar  di\  'Maknpora^i  forniedy,  ^^are  fro*, 
pontis.    4.  By  the  ^treiglit  of  Coxfiffntinoffei,  \or  tiiie^  jGanal  of  Mar  Magr 

f  teres  formerly  t\icTbracian  Bofphtrus,  f.  By.  the  ^/<i^i^^  or  Mar  Maggtorjl^ 
arwerly  Pontus  Euxmus,  6^  By.the.iStreigljt  oif,£tf/i».^  or  Fejperi>^, 
othervyifethe  mouth  of  St.  jFo^  formerly  the  Ciwiw^rww  Boffh&rtis.j3y 
Mate  Lm^if,  otherwife  the  S^oi  iahaique^^n^fknais,  formerly  P^«r 
~  Maotiu  8. By  the  RiVjer  DomtyOtlana-  formerty ^iTtfiwi^w.  9.  By  a I^ine 
drawn  from  the  mo&  Eafi-ern>Wip.d'\i^  of  ipo«»  ,to  die  Isorthern^eean 
near  Qht :  Some  there  are  thaw  draw' thi^  Luie  more  to  the  TVefi,  frohi . 
the  Sources  of  Donn  to  the  IfhiteSea  ,  which  \s  in.  Mofcovj/,  majtiqg 
Europe  much  lefs  than  it  is.  Others  inclofe  withm  the  Limits  of  £«- 
ropis  all  the  Conqu^ft  of  the  Great  puke  of  Mufcovy^  which  are  in  the 
Afiaticktartary,     '   :>  -7..;' -,  1,         ;     ■      .',  !  -r]    ■•■,-;      jjr  ^•^fin 

Ettrope  is  divided  inta  Continent  and  Iflaiias,  which  contain  tnerel- 
KingdomsOT  Efi-ates,  viz,.  Towards  the  North,  the  IJles,  of  Great  Britain,. 
containing  the  Kingdoms  cf  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland,  thr  Rrin- 
cipality  q{  ^ales,  with  many  IJlands  dz\fZn^iint  upon  them,   r '    -^ 

2  dljy  Scandinavian  containing  the  Kingdoms  of  1 .  Denmark^  with  'Nor- 
way, and  Svfeden.    zdly.  The  feveral  Kingdoms,  Dutchies,  &c,  of  the 
Grand  Czar  oi  Ruffia  and  Mafcovia.  5.  The  Kingdom,  Eftates,  &c.  of, 
Toldnd  and  Lithuania, 

Towards  the  Middle,  i.  The  Northern  Eftates  of  Titrky  in  Etirope, 
viz.  I.  TartatiaEuropa,  Walacbia,  MoldaviayTranfilvania,  and  Hungaria: 
2.  The  EmjMre  of  Germany  ,  with  its  eight  Eledorates.  5.  The 
Eftates  of  the  Republick  of  Switzerland,  The  Seven  United  Provinces, 
The  Ten  fSpai/ijh  Provinces.  4.  The  Kingdoms  oi  France ,  with  its 
WXwelve  Governments,,  and  late  AcquifitionSi 

Towards  the  South ;  i.  The  Kingdoms  and  Principalities  of  Spai» :  ■ 
2.  The  Kingdom  of  P^T/Mg^?/.  TheKing<i6ms  and  Eftates  in  Italy,  Tha 
Eftates-and  Dukedom  of  5^ vffv,  Pie//wo«^,  8cc.  The  Kingdoms  and  Iflc>  • 
of  Sicily,  Sardinia,  itid' Majorca,  ^Scc,  The  Southern  Eftates  of  7«M^  in  . 
Europe,  \\Z..SoUvonia,  Croatia,  Dalmatia,  Ragufa,  Bofnia,  Servia,  Bul- 
garia, The  Countreyiof  Greece,,  containing  the  Kingdoms  and  parts  of  > 
Bomania,  or  thraQiap^  Maetdonta^TheJlfiUa^^Albania^.Epirus  isAGracia, 

or 


I 


■■ 


id' 


■1  -'f 


k 


y^ 


or 


Of  Emfili  19 

^lieia^  IMPihfimefif,  or iht  Mfiri4i  wSth  (Be<  Ifld  Cif>  Ne^0^M^&C* 
^  The  Ijiifiis  of  Ewro^ff  are  Tested,  either-  in'thd  0(;^<mi^  the  Aftditerra- 
pian,  or  ^«/!rici^  Seas.  'The  IJlanJs  lyidg  in  ths'^^Oceak,  are;  rhe> ){riri/& 
i/Ies  afbrefaid ;  Sicil/i  Sardinia,  Cmpca\  and  bandy  y  are  the  biggeft 
IJlands  in  the  Mediterranedit,  The  Iflands  of<  xh^Bahiek  Ssa  we  ihail 
ipeak  of  in  the  Defcription  of  Denmark,'     -'  -■^^'^  k^  vj 

We  may  iionfider  theEftat^s ot Europe  acderieiri^gio  their  Titles, witib. 
tiutrcgird  tdtheirDignicyyihid  fayihat  th^fciis^  al  The  E(Vate  of  the 
Cburcb  6r  Pope  in  Jtafy,  2.  TWO^  Empires,  GeMfif^  ih6  fUrfy,  The 
firftjhalf  Monarchy  jhalfCoibtribWWSalth:  Thelatter  only  Monarchicah 
}.  Seven  Kingdoms,  every  one  Goyern*d  by  their  own  Kings,  that  ac- 
knowledge no  Superior,  vip.  England,  France,  Spata,  Tartugal,  Swede" 
land,  Denmark,  and  Poland.  That  of  Fr<»«ce  is  rtioft  perfeS,  ahd4e* 
fcends  only  to  the  Heirs  ftiale  ever  fince  the  Salique-LaWi  The  fi^e  other 
admit  the  Female.  All  are  Hereditary,  only  Po/<«»^, .which  is  Eledive. 
There  aremoreover  in  Europe  ether  lefler  Kingdoms  comprehended  un- 
der thefe,  as  thofe  of  Bohemia  and  Hungary,  iinder  the  Emperor  of  Ger- 
T^ny,  That  of  Navarr  under  the  King  of  Frdnce,  That  of  Naples  in  Italy, 
*Sicily,  Sardinia,  and  Majorca,  under  the  CroWn  of  Spain.  And  thofe  of 
Scotland  and  Ireland  under  the  King  of  England.  4.  Eight  Electorates, 
MayencCf  Treves,  Cologn,  Bohemia,  Bavaria,  Saxony,  Brandenburgh,  and 
the  Palatinate  of  the  Rhine.  5.  One  Arch-Duke,  the  Duke  of  Juftria^ 
6.  Two  Great  Dukes,  of  Mofcovy  and  Tujcany,  The  Prince  of  the  firft 
aiTumes  the  Title  of  Emperor,  and  indeed  it  is  a  Dukedom  on  which 
depends  thirty  other  Ejutchies,  and  three  Kingdoms.  This  Duke  isab- 
folute  over  his  Subjects ,  and  is  called  by  the  general  Name  of 
Cz.ar.  7.  Six  Sovereign  Dukedoms,  befides  rfiofe  that  are  under  the 
Empire,  Savoy,  Lorrain,  Mantua,  Modena,  Parma,  itid  Cttrland.  8.  Four 
Principalities  that  depend  upon  the  Turks,  Tranfihania,  Walachia,  Mol- 
davia, and  the  lefler  Tartary.  9.  Seven  Commonwealths,  the  Seven 
United  Provinces,  Switzerland,  Venice,  Genoa,  Genevd,  Luca,  and  Ragufa, 
To  which  feme  add  the  Commonwealth  of  Marine  in  Italy.  Laftly,  A 
great  number ofPrincipalitiesandlmperialFreeTownSjCnjoyingaSove- 
raignty  in  their  Territories,  but  yet  they  ackno wledg  a  Superior  Power. 
.  The  Ecclefiaftical  Government  of  Europe  in  general ,  i  s  either  Papal, 
owning  the  Pooe  as  Supreme ;  or  Epifcopal,  owning  the  King  as  Su- 
preme in  all  caics,  and  Archbifhops  and  Bifliops  under  him.  Or  Su- 
perintendent, which  is  a  kind  of  Epifcopal  among  the  Lutbeians^  but 
yet  owning  no  Head  of  the  Church  on  Earth,  neither  Pope  nor  King, 
nor  Civil  Magiftrate.  There  is  alfo  the  Presbyterian,  or  Sy  nodical,  own- 
ing a  Presbytery,  a  Synod,  or  Lay-Elders,  &c.  as  Supreme,  but  no 
Bifhops  or  Superintendents.  D  z  Tiiefc 


■■>•' 


•^mmmffmmm 


/"lllfWW     Ml. II  l^miHMM 

;p  H!ii»J|M|i.i!>  I  <i 


•gnunnw 


0/  EuHfe. 


10 

There  are  roorPraia*p*!  tmgn»gn  reckotiMto  be  fpttkenfftthis  paul 
ot  theWorW}  Tut<mick,i  I^tin,  Qreek,  and.  Slavonian:,  The  Tuf^i^ 
IS  of  three  rprcs,  Higb  Dufpi,  \n  Germany,  Safcon  in  England  and  SeofLnJ^ 
Damfh  in  Denmark,  Sweden^  Norway  and  Irehnd.  The  Latin  h  corrupted 
vtitoMian,  French,  and  Spanijh.  The  Gw*  had  formerly  four  Dwi^la 
the  Atttck,  lontck,  Voricky  and  tyEoliek.  The  5cA»w»w»  Language  riiS 
thtough  a\\  Sclaj/Qnia,  Bohemia,  Poland  and  Aibfcovy,  and  all  theT«r/l//fe 
Empire  m  Europe.  There  are  alfo  feveral  other  Languages  of  IcfsNote. 
which  are  dcd  in  r«r<»;* ;  The  Albanian,  or  Epirotick  in  Epirus  and  Ma. 
cedonta.  The  Cofack  or  Tartarian  in  part  of.  Poland  and  Tirr*?//.  ^Th© 
Hungnian  or  Bi»^arian  inServia,  Bofnia,  Bulgaria,  and  //«wary,&C.' the 
F/«/(r*inFi»i»«r^andL4;/tf»^,  >//]&  in  JreAaw^  and  5«f/W.  TheJSrM 
M  fpoken  in  mie^,  Cornwal,  and  in  BJrtf<»»y  in  France.  Bifcayn  is  fpoken 
only  m  5fw»j'  nifeai^to  the  Cantabrim  Ocean,  or  Bay  of  ^f^/. , 


spam 

rfonicii 

upted 

e  rjini 

Note> 
3  Ma- 

;c.  tho 

pokea 


i"'.  V 


\:"-- 


fS 


f^ 


%l 


NDER^^his  Title  are^  comprehended  feveral  diftin(5l  and 
famous  Iflands,  the  whole  Dominion  whereof  C  now  Uni- 
ted) is  under  the  Command  of  the  King  of  Great  Bri- 
tamy  &c.  Bounded  dn  the  North  and  Weft  with  the  Hj'^ 
fevhorean  and  Vucalidmean  Ocean;  on  the  South  divided  from  France 
with  the  Englifi  Channel;  oathe  Eaft  feparated  from  Denmark  and 
Belgia  with  the  Britifl)  (by  fome  called  the  German  )  Ocean :  But  on  all 
fides  environed  with  Turbuleht  Seasy  guarded  with  Dangerous  Rocks 
andSandsy  defended  with  ftrong  Portsy  and  walled  with  a  Potent  and 
^  Royal  Navy^..  Of  thefe  Iflands  one  is  very  large,  formerly  called  Al- 
b'tMf  now  Great  Britain^  comprehending  two  Kingdoms,  England  and 
Scotland!  The  Other  of  leiTer  extent  makes  oneKingdom,callea  Ireland : 
The  other  fmaller  adjacent  Ifles  are  comprehended  under  one  or  other  , 
of  thefe. three  Kingdoms,  according  to  the  Situation  and  CongruitV 
with  them.  Many  are  the  Changes  and  Alterations  that  thefe  Iflands 
have  received  in  their  Gavernmetits  (ince  their  Original  difcovery  * 
they  were  firft  pofleffed  by  divers  People,  independent  one  upon  the 
other,  fuppofed  to  be  the  Britaim  defcendcd  from  the  GauU  ;  for  at 
th9  Entrance  of  the  Romans,  the  Ifland  oi  Great  Britain  wSiS  divided  in- 
to feveral  Nations ,  each  governed  by  his  own^i»^  and  particular 
Princes,  different  in  their  Ends  and  Counfels,  and  io  the  more  eafily 
fubdued  by  the  Roman  Force. 

After'  the  Romans,  the  Englijh  Saxons  were  called  in  by  the  Briiains, 
■  to  aid  them  againft  the  ViBs,  The  Inhabitants  of  Scotland •{  who, 
after  the  common  manner  of  Foreign  ^«>;/7wmi,  foon  feized  the  bet- 
tef  part  for  themfelves,  and  cftablilhed  Seven  K/»f//ow/, -commonly 
called  the  Saxon  Heptarchy  )  Forcing  the  Britains,  the^Ancient  Proprie- 
tors, to  retire,  (bme  into  Britain  in  France  (  from  whence^fome  think 
they  firft  came)  but  moftx)f  them  into  the  Weftem  and  Mountainous 
Part,  called  by  t\iQSaxonst  fVaUjh  Land,  now  Wales  5  where  their.Po- 
ficrity  ftill  remains,  r 


«^ 


Tbt 


mm 


^I^^PP^^^BW 


rsm 


'\ 


"^> 


if*?'- 


^^. 


\ 


22 


Ofthelpcf  Britdift. 


riie  Scan  vf  England  in  tht  ttnu  cf  ftoloiny,  iMm  tn  the  R*tg»  •/  »*•  ^iffmr  Antoninui  Viusttimt  thtytsr 
</  Rome  89a,  W  AbtHt  95  r*rs  finc$  the  C«HHtfi  thiriof  ty  tht  Emfnor  Claudiu*  C^Qt.  ^fi  «  tM,. 
of  tht  Saxon  HtotArcliy 


•ylncunt  InhMbnanti-  C'uMMiii.t  Uitmt4,  ^      '-^ncunt  fvarMff  'ht 
I    '' I  Toiiww. 


rhe  Cantii  of 


itcnt 


The  Rhegiii, 

or 
Rheglni 


Rhegiii,  ^ 
or,        >    of 
Ini         J 


The  I«eaJ,  or  Sunc- 
ni  of 


The  Trinobantds, 
or  Trinoantes. 


Surry 

iuflex 

Norfolk 

Suffolk 
^ambridgertiire,  ind 
Huntingtonfliire 


vtiddleiex 
Eflex 
Hartfordfliire  Part 


ii^'n^-  :-rfi' 


I  he  Brigantes 


^,.-i> 


The  Otalini 
Otadenii. 


'^orkfliire 

Cumberland 
Lancalhlre 

Frham       •;■'; 
eftmerland 
ii,  .  (^jNonhjupbcrland 


\ 


Ourovemum 
RucupiBt  or, 


N'asomagut,  or 

Suviemagus 

Vindonis 


Vcnta  Iccnorum 
Villa  Fauftini 


.■\ 


Cyt'/eUani, 

or, 
CfltyeucUanii 


Corltani,  or^ 
ICoritavi 


.  1*1 ' 


iBedfbrdlhire 
Iguckinghamfliire 
Fart  of  Harcfbrdihire 
Lincoloflure 
Leicefbrihire 
Rutlandibiie 
Noithnnptonflure 
Nottinghaiafliue 
y  'vDarbyfhire 
J  Glocefterfliire 
I  Oxfordflure 

C  ShropSiire 
^  StaSordOtire 
J  Woroefterfliire 
_  .    ^  ,       «   Warwickftire 
fartoftheSiiurcs     Herefcrdlhire 


Londinium 
Camudolanum 
Camulodunum 
Camalodunum 

[furium      ;,^ 

Kbaracuin 
-'  Olicana. 

Camulodunum 

jCpiacum 
'     Rnigodunum 

Vinovium 

Caturadonium 

Calacum 

Curia 

Bremenmm    , 

Salente 


.or.") 
>,or.  > 


Tht  ^tjtnt  Ai«i0>. 


Catittrbury 
i^ichborough, 
vulgo  Rochefter 


!>»xi>n  Htft*rchj.  ., 
Kina^pmofKent 


Wojucot-Hill,  near 
WimbUion 
^VJIchelfcy 


■^aftt;. 

Ii.  Edm^pilfbury 


London 
Maldon  in  £ffex 


KingUoin  01  cue 
So^th  Saxons 


tlobulU,  OTt 

Oodutwi 
Comavli 


'^l 


')uaunonli . 
Belga' 

lAtrvbati 


r  Cornwall 
•y  Devonftire 

C  Somerfetflilre 

r  Wilrfliire 
<  Hamp/hire 

C  Dor/etfliire 


Barkfbire 


} 


La^odurum 
Vei-olamium 
Lindum 
Raga,  or  Ratis 

Bennaventa 

Cbrinfuffl    ' '  • 

Deva,  or  Devan* 

Viroconium 

Brannogenium 
MandudTedum 
Ariconium 

Uxela.  or  Uiela 
Voliba 
Ifca  Augufta 
AqOae  Calid« 
VentaBelgarum 
Dunium ,  or  Dumo. 
varia 

Nalc«a,  orCaleva 


Aldburrow 

York 

Inkley 

Aldmondsbury 

Papcaftle 

Riblechefter  < 

Bincbefter 

Catatick  in  Aichm. 

Wheallcp  Cafile 

Corbridg 

Rochefter 

Sanday        -      - 

Sconyftratfbrd 

Verulum 

Lincoln 

Lelceftcr 

V/edoft 


Kingdom  of  the 
.  i£aft  Angles 


Kingdom  of  the 
Eaft  Saxons 


The  Kingdom  of  the 
Northumberi  which 
was  divided  into 
two  Kingdoms,  visc< 
Deira  am  Ber,Qiai  . 


Circftclieftef 

Weftchcftir 
iWroxcefter 


L  The  Kingdom  0I 


>Vorccfter    i  t 

Manchefter 

'Kenchefter 

Lyitwickiel      ' 

Falmouth 

Exceter        V 

Bath 

Wi»;chefter 

DorcheilCT 


[Wallingford 


The  Kingdom  of  tht 
Weft  Saxons. 


.n 


Aftei 


ii,4bmt  tbt  yiar 

*  iitgtmrchj,  .. 


ngdomofRent 


ingUoin  ot  tnc 
iojih  Saxons 


ingdom  of  the 
Haft  Angles 


ingdom  of  the 
Eaft  Saxons 


c  Kingdom  of  th« 
orthunaben  which 
as  divided  into 
ro  Kingdoms,  vit> 
eiraandBer^uM 


.  ■   ■>■■ 


'VM 


The  Kingdom  d 


le  Kingdom  of  th( 
Weft  Saxous. 


Aftei 


f  \y\  •t.A'.y 


■         Of  BngUnJU '  :,:S^?-.    •.  a| ; 

^"Mcr  this  theDiww  tjrokeji),  like  a  violent  flooiupon  the  Northift/i^t 
^^Jers^i  and  though  ortenvanquilVed,  yet  being  as  often  viaorious,  they 
at  laft  feized  on  the  Mmariby  0t  E^landi  which  was  fometimes  held 
l^  the  Danej,  fometimes  by  the;^4x«« ;  till  Wi/fwwDuke  of  Norman  J/ 
took  it  from  HaroU,  and  eltablilhedthe  Monarchy ;  which  hath  ever 
fince  continued  in  a  Sufcceffion  bf  Eight  and  twenty  Princes,  down  to 
our  Preferit  Gracious  Sovereign  King  William.     •  . 


^r  E  N  G  L  A  N  D. 


wimm 


..^i 


Uf 

dttfctntainiMZ  ths  v$tattns  or  Shins ^  t/tmr-iitut,  Vitus /mdnwnt,  their  Latitp4e,nmiuttJ7t^ 

1    fiance,  and  Meafw^ed  diflmu  from  London.  The  immbtr  tf  M»rk$t-Tmns,  •/  f^'ift^Hentrmml 

Ti.\ 

f  PMrifhes  in  eAchComty,  0nd  their  Mticitnt  Name/.                                             »      i          ^ 

Oitntitt  ir  Shift, 

Titltt 

Cmu  ««4T»w'«H  I 

•LMt'     C»m^'\ 

Ai*. 

^./M 

P'r.r     OldN4m:i,     \ 

tit 

1 

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II      I 

2£ 

40 

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94 

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E.   ■  Bedford       •          1 

Beihbrdia 

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Barhihire 

Reading                 | 

*«    23. 

)> 

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la 

9 

140 

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Buckinghamfljire 

D.M..   r 

luckingham          1 

52    PO 

44 

40 

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4 

»8i. 

»i^.J^inghamui| , ,, 
Camborlcuin 

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J2   15 

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It.: 

Ely,B.C.         . 

sa  a6 

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Chelhire  C.  P. 

Chefter.  B.  C. 

J  J  17 

140 

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68 

>eva 

D. 

Corawal 

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Launcenon 
Truro 

so  4s> 
50  27 

«75 
aix 

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5<J 

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44 

Kl 

Lanftiphadonla 

D. 

Cumberland 
Darby  (hi  re 
Devon(hire 

E. 

qarline,  %  C.     \ 

S-V   19 

2l3 

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E. 

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Expect.  B.  C. 

so  4j 

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Plymouth 

S*  25 

184 

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26 

324 

Plmuta 

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Dorfetrhlre 

M. 

t)orch<fter 

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32 

12 

248 

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Durham 

Darha.n,  B.  C. 

JM^ 

200 

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62 

Ounellum 

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Eflex 

V.  C, 

C>Ichefter 

Ji  J8 

44 

so 

26 

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Chelms&rJ 

Ji  47 

25 

28 

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» 

Gloceterfliirc;  ' ' 

D. 

Gloceft  r,  E.  vT. 

fl  S4 

8) 

105 

38 

8 

280 

C'crum 

Hartford(hire 

Harcford 
g         Sr.  Albani 

Jl  4J» 

20 

81 
21 

16 

6 

t2o 

Hertfordia 
Verulamium 

Hampfitire 

j^^       Wincheftcr,  C  P. 

SI     3 

54 

67 

30 

26 

248 

Venta  Belgarum 

I.* 

Southampton 
Hereford.  B.  C. 

JP?A 

6a 

7« 

Ciaufentum 

Hcrefordfliire 

v.c. 

SI    8 

I02 

no 

8 

8 

176 

Hfrefordia 

B. 

Huntingconfliire  . 

E. 

Huntinjgton 
Canterbury.  C. 

52  10 

48 

57 

€ 

4 

7' 

Huniingdonia 

r. 

Kent 

A.  B,  ' 

yi  IJ> 

46 

57 

38 

ao 

393 

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E 

Rochefter,  B. 

SI  *^ 

o^ 

JO 

Rofia 

4 

La(Jca/hii«C.P. 

E. 

Lancafter 
Manchefter 

S^'7. 
yj»J 

187 

137 

2ii 

180 

28 

U 

61 

Longovictu      ' 
Mancuniun 

■ 

Lelcefter(hire 

E. 

Leicefter 

ya  40 

7« 

98 

12 

.4 

200 

Rjugas             '> 

• 

Lin-olnlhire   • 

E. 

Lincoln 

f'V 

102 

128 

)1 

l> 

631 

Lindtun 

E. 

Middlcfex 

London,  B.C. 

51  3« 

0 

0 

5 

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73 

Loodinum 

Weftminfter 

51  70 

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Veftmonallerium 

D. 

Monmoiith 

, 

Moomouth 

5'^' 

|00 

187 

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156 

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' 

Norwich,  B,  C. 

J  a  4*. 

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108 

34 

la 

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Noivicum 

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Yarmouth 

j2  44 

103 

132 

Gariannorum  ' 

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Northampton 

E. 
E. 

Peterb3rough.BC. 

Northampton 

J  a  J  5 
52  »o 

6z 

\54' 

76. 
66 

IJ 

9 

ja6 

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.' 

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Northumberland 

O.M.E. 

Newcaftle 

5J     ' 

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27«t 

II 

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168 

158 

Gabrofentum  " 

E. 

Nottingham 
Oxfurdibire 

E. 

E. 

Nottingham 
Oxford,  B.  C. 

J2    " 

SI   4^ 

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112 
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10 

Nottinghamia 
OxoniuRi 

F. 

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Okeham 

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74 

94 

.  s 

12 

47 

Uxocona 

Shroplhire 

E. 

Shrewsbury 
Ludlow 

J2    4< 

$a  27 

124 
105 

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136 

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12 

170 

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LudW 

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94 

115 

96 
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,   E. 

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34 

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Litchfield,  b;  C. 

52    45 

94 

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Stafford 

I?   53 

104 

Hi 

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10' 

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140 

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Warwick 
Coventry,  P.  '^. 

50  48 

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312 
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Salisbury,  P.C, 
Wilton 

54   =^J 
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51     4 

203 
70 

73 

258 
83 
86 

8 

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3 
34 

36 

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M.E. 

Worcefter 

52   18 

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Worccfterlhtre 

.'  n; 

York,  A.  B.  C. 

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TH  E  better  part  of  thebeft  Ifland  in  the  whole  Earth  (  anciently, 
together  with  Scot  land ^  as  was  faid  before,  called  Great  Britain, 
and  fometimcs^/^ww)  was  by  Egbert  the  i^th  King  of  the  fi^efi  S.ixons 
advanced  to  the  Honour  of  <»»wfi)'tf  Monarchy,  who  having  with  profpe- 
rous  Armsfubdued  the  principal  Kingdoms  of  the  Saxon  NeptarcbyyiVi' 
led  himfelf  the  firft  Monarch ;  and  Commanded  this  South  Pait  of  Bri- 
tain  (hould  be  called  ^ngle,  or  EngU-lond,  from  the  Argki  a  People  of 
the  lower  Saxons,  of  whom  he  was  defcended ;  by  the  French,  Angle- 
terre ;  by  the  Germans,  Englandt  \  and  by  the  Inhabitants,  England. 

It  is  in  length  (from  Berwick  in  the  North,  to  the  Ijle  of  IVtght  in  the 
South)  %  $0  Miles ;  and  from  Dover  in  the  Eaft,  to  the  Lands-End  in 
Cornwall  in  the  ^efi,  about  ;  i  $*  of  the  fame  Miles ;  whereof  70  make 
a  Degree :  In  Compafs  about'i  ;oo  Miles ;  in  Shape,  Triangular ;, 
and  by  ^  omputation  contains  about  30  Millions  of  Acres,  being  about 
the  Thoufandth  part  of  the  Globe;  and  the  Three  hundred  thirty  third 
Part  of  the  habitable  Eartff, 

England  was,  in  the  time  of  the  Romans,  divided  into  BritaniaPrima, 
Britanta  Secunda,  and  Maxima  Cafarienfis ;  the  firft  of  thefe  contained 
the  South  part  of  England,  the  fecond  all  the  ffefiernpsLVt,  now  called 
IFales ;  and  the  third,  the  Nor^/&er»  parts  beyond  Trent,  After  the  fir*- 
tains  hsidreceiycdthQChrifiian  Faith,  they  divided  the  iame  into  three 
Provinces,  or  Archbijhopricks,  viz.  of  London,  which  contained  that  of 
Britanta  Prima  ;  oiTork,  which  contained  that  of  Maxima  Cafarienfis  i 
of  Caerlion,  under  which  was  Britania  Secunda  :  Divided  afterwards 
by  the  Saxons  into  Seven  Kingdoms,  as  aforefaid. 

At  prefent,  England,  according  to  its  RefpeA  of  Church  and  State, 
is  fubje(^  to  a  fourfold  divifion :  Firft  into  two  Provinces,  or  Archbifhep- 
ricks,  Canterbury  and  Tork  ;  and  under  thefe  are  22  Bijhops,  or  Epifcopal 
Diocejfes,  of  which  Canterbury  hath  2 1,  therefore  called  the  Primate  and 
Metropolitan  of  all  England;  and  that  oiTork,  three:  Then  there  are 
Deanries  60,  Arch'Veanries,  Prebendaries,  and  Other  Dignities,  5*44, 
with  972  y  P</rflcAw/ Benefices,  and  VicaridgesbMts,  of  good  Com- 
petency for  the  Encouragement  of  the  C/er|7,who,for  ability  of  Learn- 
ing are  not  t»be  parallel'd  in  the  World. 


/ 


/' 


E 


A  CMogui 


2&^ 


Of  EngUni. 


I 


A  Catalogue  of  the  Archbifhopricks  and  Bifhopricks  of  England  and 
Wales,  with  what  Qonxmes  are  under  theirJuriJdiBions^  and tbeNuW' 
her  of  Parifties  and  Impropriations  that  are  in  each  Diocefi. 


ArcbOijhopricks, 
and  Stflmrich. 


Canterbury 

York 

London 

Durham 

Winchefter 


{ 


Bath  and  Well: 
Oxford 


{ 


Bangor 

Rochefter 

Ely 

Chichefter 

Salisbury 

Worcefter 

Lincoln        •< 

St.  Afaph 
St.  Davids 
Peterborough 

LandafF        < 


Carlifle 
Exeter 

Chefter 

Briftol 
brwich 
■locefter 

lereford 
Jtchfield 


.{ 


{ 
{ 


} 
} 


Counties  under  each  of  their  JuriJdtStions, 

tlath Canterbury,  and  part otKent,  befides ) 

peculiar  in  the  Diocefs  of  Canterbury.  } 
Hath  Yorklhire  and  Nottinghamfhire. 
Eflex,  Middlefex  and  part  of  Hartfordfliire. 
Ourham,Northumberland,&  the  Ifle  of  Man 
tlampftiire,  Surry,  Ifle  of  Wight,  Guern- 

fey,  andjerfey,  and  Alderny. 
Spmerfetfhire. 
Oxfordfliire. 
Carnarvenfliire,  Anglefey ,  Merionethfliire, 

and  part  of  Penbighfhire. 
Part  of  Kent.  '      ' 

Cambridgfhire,  and  part  of  Ely.      . 
SulTeX)  and  part  of  Hartfordihire. 
Wiltfhire  and  Barkfhire. 
Worcefterfliire,  part  of  Warwickfliire. 
Lincoln^Leicefter,  Bedford,  Huntington, 

Buckingham,  and  part  of  Hartfordmire., 
Part  of  Flintihire,  and  part  of  Denbighfhire. 
Pembrokelhire,  and  Carmarthenfliire. 
Northampton,  and  Rutlandlhire. 
Glamorganihire,  Monmouth,  Brecknock, 

and  part  of  Radnpribir9< 
Cumberland,  and  part  of  Weftmorland. 
pevonfliire  and  Cornwall. 
Chefhire,  part  of  Yorkihire,  Lancafhire,") 

part  of  Flint,  and  part  qf  Cumberland.^ 
Dorfetfliire. 

Norfolk  and  Suffolk.         r: .      -;  !•    -    •  - 
Glocefterfiiire.  • '    "  .  ^ 

Hereford  (hire,  Shropfliire,  part  of  Worce 

fterfhire,  and  part  of  Radnorfhire. 
Staifordlhire,  Darby  (hire,  part  of  War- 

wick(hire,  part  of  Shropfhire. 


?arjf. 
Dine, 


Imp 
Diflc 


:} 


} 


2J7 

r/ 

623 

562 
38J 

107 

98 
141 
2yo 
248 
241 

12^5 

121 

308 
293 

177 

93 

604 

25*6 

236 

1121 

267 

313 


140 

M 

33<^ 
18^ 

.87 

13J 

1 6c 
88 

36 

7f 
112 

109 

76 

S71 

19 
120 

15 
98 

18 

239 

101 

64 

385 
125 

166 


yn|iyc 
The 


I 


36 

36 

7S 

112 

109 
76 

r77 

19 

120 

19 

9S 
i& 

101 
64 

125 
166 


ThCj 


Of  EnglMl  %} 

'•  The  recon^  Divifion  was  by  King  Henry  the  Second  into  fix  Circuits, 
appointed  to  the  Itinerary  Judges ;  who  are  twice  in  a  year  in  the  chief 
Town  of  each  County  in  their  reipedlive  Circuit,  to  determine  Caufes, 
And  adminifter  Juftice  for  the  Eafc  of  the  People. 

The  third  is  the  Military  Divijlan,  fortheraifingof  Horfe  and  Foot 
for  the  King's  Service;  It  isalfo  divided  by  the  King's  Jultices  in  Eyrt 
of  the  Foreft ;  and  by  the  King  of  Arms  into  North  and  South  of  Trevt, 
The  laft  Divifion  is  that  of  Shires  or  Counties j  firft  ordained  bv  King 
Alfred^  which  are  fut)divided  into  Hundreds  or  tVapentaktSy  and  thow 
again  into  Tytbings,  He  alfo  appointed  a  Vice-compt  or  Sheriff,  whofe 
Office  was  to  looic  after  the  Peace  and  Welfare  of  the  Shire:  To  Exe- 
cute the  Kings  Writs  and  Precepts,and  perform  feveral  other  duties  ne- 
ceflary  for  the  Execution  of  Juftice,  and  Welfare  of  the  People  :  And 
thefe  Sheriffs  are  generally  chofen  out  of  the  chiefeft  of  the  Gentry. 
King  Edward  the  Third  ordained  in  every  Shire  certain  Civil  A/^gi- 
ftrates,  intitled  Jujtices  of  the  Peace,  whole  Duties  arc  to  look  after 
the  Diforders  that  arife  in  the  Shire  or  Hundred  in  which  they  refide, 
and  to  punifh  Offenders. 

There  are  in  all  England  2  y  Cities,  ^80  Great  Towns,  called  A/<»r- 
ket'Towns ;  972  f  Variflses,  and  in  many  of  which  arc  contained  feveral 
Hamlets  or  Villages  as  big  as  ordinary  Varices, 

England  is  bleft  with  a  fweet  and  temperate  Air,  the  Cold  in  Winter 
being  lefs  Sharp  than  in  fome  parts  o{  France  and  Jr<f/y,  which  yet  are 
feated  far  more  Southerly ;  And  the  heat  in  Summer  is  lefs  fcorching 
than  in  fbme  parts  of  the  Continent  that  lie  much  more  Northward* 
For  as  in  Summer,  the  gentle  Winds,  and  frequent  Showers,  qua- 
lifie  all  violent  Heats  and  Droughts ;  fo  in  Winter  the  Frofts  do  only 
meliorate  the  Cultivated  Soil,  and  the  Snow  keeps  warm  the  tender 
Plants. 

The  whole  Country  is  exceeding  Fertiky  abounding  with  all  forts 
of  Gr<a/«,Rich  in  Vafiurey  containing  innumerable  quantities  of  Cattel, 
yielding  great  plenty  of  all  forts  of  Fow/,  Wild  and  Tame;  Its  Seas 
and  Rivers  infinitely  ftored  with  all  variety  of  excellent  Fifli :  In  its 
Bowels  are  found  Rich  Mines  of  Lead,  Tin,  Iron,  Copper  and  Coal,  as 
ufeful  as  advantageous  to  the  Nation;  Nor  doth  it  want  Mines  of  Sil- 
ver, thorare,  and  but  in  fmall  quantities :  It  hath  excellent  Hot  Baths, 
and  divers  Medicinal  Springs :  It  is  bravely  furnifhed  with  Variety  of 
pleafant  Orchards  and  Gardens,  luxuriant  with  all  forts  of  excellent 
Fruits,  Plants  and  Flowers. 

The  Englifh  are  Governed  by  feveral  Laws,  vi2S.C(7«;wi?«  Law,  Statute 
Lav/,  Civil  Law,  Canon  Law,  and  Martial  Law  ^  befides  particular  Cu- 
ftoms  and  By-Laws.  £  z  The 


mmm 


i8 


Of  Eff^Uftd. 


m 


The  Cotnman  Law  of  England  is  a  Collecf^ionof  the  General  Com*  l 
won  Cufioms  and  Ufages  of  the  Kingdom,  which  have  by  length  of  ^ 
.  time  and  immemorial  Prefcription,  obtained  the  force  of  Laws  i  for  * 
Cuftoms  bind  not  the  Pepple  till  they  have  been  tried  and  approved 
time  out  of  mind.    Thefe  Laws  were  firft  reduced  all  into  one  body  * 
.by  King  Ed'tvaul  the  Elder,  about  the  year  900 ;  revived  by  King  fii-    •' 
•ivard  the  ConfefTor ;  H^tlliam  the  Contjueror  added  fome  of  the  Cultoms 
of  Norwandj ;  fince  which  Edward  the  Firft  did  fettle  divers  fundamen- 
tal Laws,  ever  fince  pradifed  in  this  Nation. 

Where  the  Common  Law  is  fiient,  there  we  have  excellent  Statute^ 
Lnws  made  by  the  feveral  Kings  of  England,  by  and  with  the  Advice 
and  Confent  of  the  Lords  Spirttual  ^in^  TemforaX  and  Commons  of  Eng- 
land, by  their  Reprefentatives  the  KnigbtSy  Citiz.ens  and  Burgejfes  duly 
Ele^ed  in  Parliament. 

Where  Ccwwow  and  Statutt'LawiskQ  no  Cognizance,  As  in  matters 
tranfa^led  beyond  the  Seas,  and  relating  to  the  Admiralty,  &c,  ufe 
is  made  of  the  Civil  Lawy  which  ought  to  be  the  Product  of  the  Com- 
mon Reafon  and  Wifdomofall  Mankind,and  fitted  for  the  Intereft  and 
Welfare  jnot  only  of  one  Nation,  but  taking  Care  for  the  gener,al  Af- 
fairs of  all  People.  * 

The  Canon-  Law  is  the  many  ancient  General  Counpih  ofNationaUnd 
Provincial  Synods,  the  divers  Decrees  and  Judgments  of  the  Ancient 
FathfYs,  &c.  received  by  the  Church  of  England  j  by  which  flie  pro- 
ceeds in  her  JurifditStions ;  as  chiefly  for  the  Reforming  of  the  inward 
man,  and  matters  accounted  of  a  fpiritual  Nature,  as  Cafes  Matrimo- 
nial, Teftamentary,  Scandals,  Offences  againrt  good  Manners,  &c. 

Fore(l'Laws  are,  for  regulating  Offences  committed  in,  or  relating 
unto  fome  Foreft  or  Chafe,  for  prefervation  of  the  Game,  &c. 

Martial  Law  extends  only  to  Soldiers  and  Mariners,  and  is  not  to  be 
pra<ftifed  in  times  of  Peace,but  only  in  War,and  then  and  there,where 
the  King's  Army  is  afoot. 

The  Do^rine  of  the  Church  of  England  is  Afc(loU;;al,  contained  either 
in.exprefs  words  of  the  Holy  Scripture,  or  in  the  %$  Articles,  and  the 
Book  of  Homilies  in  all  things  agreeable  thereunfo  ;  the  Worlhipand 
Dfcipline  is  in  the  Liturgy  and  Book  of  Canons:  By  all  which  it  will 
appear  to  impartial  eyes,  that  the  Church  of  England  is  the  moft  exaA' 
and  perfed  Pattern  of  all  tlie  Reformed  Churches  in  the  World.  Let  Italy 
glory  in  this,  that  (he  is  the  Garden  of  the  Earth ;  it  may  truly  be. 
.  laid  of  England^  that  it  is  the  Court  and  Prefence-Chamher  of  the  Great  Je^ 
bovah  J  which  fhould  engage  us  the  more  by  Holy  Lives  to  walk  fuitable 
tofuch  Mercies,  and  not  to  forfeit  thoie  ineftimablc  Priviledges  by  our 


„ 


Of  Eng}tnL  \^ 

crying  fins;  for  how  can  we  expert  that  God  fhould  always  continue 
fo  gracious  to  us,  if  we  continually  turn  his  Grace  into  Wantonnefs  ? 

EngUnA  is  a  Free,  Hereditary,  Paternal  Monarchy ^  Governed  by  one 
Supreme  independent  and  Undepofable  Head,according  to  the  known 
Laws  andCuftoms  of  the  Kingdom;  A  Monarchy  ^  that  without  Inter»- 
ruption  hath  been  continued  looo  years;  in  a  word,  aGovernment 
of  a  perfeft  and  happy  compofition,wherein  the  King  hath  his  full  Pre- 
rogative, the  Nohiltty  and  Gentry  Civil  and  due  Refpeifi ;  and  the  Peo- 
ple in  general.  Mailers  of  the  Eflaces  they  can  get  by  their  Labours  and 
Endeavours ;  a  Blefling  that  few  Countries  can  boaft  of:  O  happy  and 
blefled  England  I  Thy  Valleys  are  like  £</w,Thy  Hills  like  Lehanon.Thy 
Springs  as  Sbiloe,  and  thy  Rivers  as  JorJan  ;  a  Paradife  of  Pleafure, 
and  the  Garden  ofGo4,  enriched  with  all  the  Bleflings  of  Heaven  and 
Earth. 

Her  chief  Cities  are  London yLondinlum  of  ?tokmy,Ant,  &Tac.  [^unden 
Ger,  Londra,  Ira.  Londres  Gal.  the  Epitome  of  England,  the  Seat  of  our 
Britijh  Empire,the  Chamber  of  the  King,and  the  chiefeil  Emporium  (or  > 
feat  of  Traffick)  in  the  world  :  To  defcribe  all  things  in  this  City 
worthy  to  be  known^  would  take  up  a  whole  Volume.  I  (hall  only 
fay,  fdated  (he  is  in  an  Excellent  Air,  in  a  Fertile  Soil,  and  on  the  fa* 
mous  Navigable  Kivcr  Thamest  about  60  miles  from  the  Sea^in  y  i  deg. 
30  min.  North  Latitude. 

In  Length  from  £<i/to  PP'efi  feven  EngltJhmWes  and  a  half;  and  from 
North  to  South  two  miles  and  a  half:  But  of  late  years  fo  increafed  and 
ftill  multiplying  in  Building  in  all  her  parts,  that  there  can  no  Bounds 
or  Limits  be  fet  to  her  Circumference.  The  Buildings  fair  andftately; 
for  large  Piazza's,for  fpacious  ilraight  Streets  and  llately  Uniform  BuiU 
ding,  (he  has  not  any  Rival  in  Europe, 

It  had  130  Pariflj-Churchesy  befides  Cbappels ;  the  Mother-Church  is 
that  of  St  Paul,  ths  on\y  Cathedral  of  that  Name  in  Europe:  It  was  a 
Strudure  for  length  690  foot;  in  breath  130,  in  height  102  foot ; 
and  contained  about  three  Acres  and  a  half  of  Ground :  Built  in  the 
form  of  a  peifeftCrofs,  in  themidlt  whereof  was  raifed  a  Tower  ot 
Stone  260  foot  high;  and  on  that  a  Spire  of  Timber,  covered  with 
Lead,  260  foot  more.  This  (lately  Monument  of  England,  and  Glory 
of  the  City  of  London,  was  Ruined  by  the  late  Dreadiul  Conflagration 
in  1666.  Yet  fmce,  our  htcGr scions  Sovereign,  Charles  the  Second,  like 
another  Solomon,  laid  a  New  Foundation  of  uich  a  Fabrick,  as  for  Mag* 
nificence,  Splendor,  Figure,  and  Excelient  AtchiteBure,  the  IVorld  never  (aw  . , 
the  like:  The  Model  whereof  was  Defigned  by  that  Incomparable 
Arch'ite^,  Sir  Chriftopher  Wren,  . 

.    ,   .  And; 


%- 


'3©       ^  ,  Of  Eff^Uftd.  •' 

Aildherclcannotbutgive  afliort  Accountof  the  vaftDamageand 
Spoil  done  by  the  forementioned  Fire:  It  hath  been  computed  that 
there  were  burnt  within  the  Walls  of  the  City  12000  Houfes,  and 
without  1000  ;  Valued  at  three  Millions  and  nine  hundred  thoufand 
pounds  Sterling. 

Befides  87  Varifh-Chunbesy  the  aforementioned  Cathedral,  the  ^oyal 
Exchange,  the  Magnificent  Guild-Hall,  the  Cuftom-Houfe,  the  many  Halls 
of  Comf antes,  the  Gates,  with  other  Publick  Buildings,  valued  at  two 
Millions.  The  Warehoufes,  Stuffs,  Money,  and  Goods  loft  and  fpoiled^ 
wer'j  eftimated  to  two  Millions  of  pounds.  The  Money  (pent  in  Remo- 
ving ofGW/,and  Warts,  in  the  Hiia  q{  Cart s^  Boat j,  Torters,  &C.  mo- 
deftly  computed  at  the  leaft  two  hundred  thouiand  pounds:  The 
whole  damage  amounting  at  the  leaft  to  Nine  Millions,  nine  hundred 
thouiand  pounds.  And  what  is  moft  Remarkable,  ^hat  notwithfta^ding 
thefe  exceffive  Loflissby  Fire,  the  Dovouring  Peftilence  but  the  Year 
before,  and  the  Chargeable  War  againft  three  Potent  Nations  at  the 
fame  time  depending,  yet  within  four  or  five  Years  the  City  was  Re- 
built, divers  ftately  HaOs  and  Churches  ereded  ;  all  infinitely  more 
Beautiful,  more  Commodious,  and  more  Solid  than  before  ;  for  which 
all  praife  and  glory  be  given  to  God  by  us  and  Pofterity. 

The  vaft  Traffick  and  Commerce  of  this  City  may  be  guefled  at  Hy 
its  Cuftoms ;  which,  tho  moderate^  compared  with  the  Impofitions  of 
other  Countries,  did  formerly  amount  to  about  300000  /.  fer  An- 
nttm,an6  now  are  increafed  by  report  to  a  much  greater  value. 

Time  would  fail  me  here,  to  fpeak  of  its  Antiquity,  Stately  Palaces, 
Streets,  Exchanges,  Number  of  Inhabitants,  Trade,  and  Government^  of 
its  well- fortified  Tower  (the  Grand  Arfenal  of  the  Kingdom :)  Its  in- 
comparable Bridge,  Fublick  Colledges,  Schools,  Hofpitals,  WorkhoufeSy  &C. 
I  fliall  therefore  only  add,  London  is  a  huge  Magaz.ine  of  Men,  Money, 
Ships,  and  all  forts  of  Commodities ;  the  Mighty  Rendezvous  of  Nobility, 
Gentry,  Courtiers,  Divines,  Lawyers,  Vhyficians,  Indies,  Merchants,  Sea^ 
wen,  and  all  kind  of  Excellent  Artificers,  of  thf  moft  Refined  Wits, 
and  the  moft  Excellent  Beauties  in  the  World. 


)i\ 


*i^av*a««> 


Of 


ML. 


Of  EngUnL 


i> 


■  t-':*^ 


of 


Of 


Of  the  Univerfities  ,  Oxford:  Oxonium  Lat,  Caffeva  Ant> 
OxenfordSax.  RhidichinQV  Rhydychin  Brit.  And  C abridge ^ 
Camhoricum  Ant*  Cuntabrigia  Beda,  Granchejier  Sax* 

IN  the  beautiful  Body  of  the  Kingdom  of  England,  the  two  Eye}  are 
the  two  Univetfities ;  thofe  Renowned  Nurleries  of  Learning  and 
Religion,  which  for  number  of  Magnificent  and  Richly- Endowed  Col- 
leges,  for  liberal  Stipends  to  all  forts  of  Publick  Prof«;flors,  for  number 
of  well-furniflied  Ltbraries,  for  Number  and  Quality  of  Stuflents,  exadt 
Difcipline  and  Order,  are  not  to  be  parallel'd  in  the  whole  World. 

So  famous  beyond  the  Seas,  and  fo  much  furpaffing  all  other  in  Fo- 
reign Parts,  that  they  deferve  c  far  worthier  Pen  than  mine  to  Blazon 
their  Excellency.  I  mall  therefore  only  fay,  that  nothing  was  ever  de- 
viled more  Angularly  advantagious  to  God's  Church  and  mart's  HappineJSi 
than  thefe  Univerfities :  from  whence  men  of  Excellent  Parts,  after  fea- 
fonable  time  in  Study,  are  called  forth  toferve  both  in  Church  and  State. 

Torkj  Eboracum  Ant,  Eburacum  TtoL  Caerfrock  vet  Caer-Efroc  Brit,  is  a 
City  of  great  Antiquity,  efteemed  thefecond  of  England ;  Famous  for 
its  Cathedral,  for  the  Birth-place  of  Confian'ine  the  Great,  and  the  Bu- 
rial-place of  Severus  the  Emperor ;  it  is  the  Title  of  the  King's  fecond 
Son,  and  an  Archbiflioprick. 

Canterbury,  Durovernunt,  Darvenum  Ant,  &•  Ttol.  Durovernia  Beda,  is 
remarkable  for  being  the  Seat  of  an  ArchbiHiop,  who  is  Primate  of 
all  England, 

Brtftol,  Brifiolium,  Famous  for  its  Trade  and  Commerce,  and  for 
its  Scituation  in  two  Counties. 

Norwich,  Norvicum,  for  its  Induftry  in  Woollen  Manufa<5lures. 

Salisbury,  Sarum,  for  its  rare  Cathedral,  wherein  there  are  as  many 
Doors  as  Months,  as  many  Windows  as  Days,  and  as  many  Pillars 
asHoursin  the  Year. 

Windjor,  Windefora,  pleafantly  fented  on  the  fide  of  the  Thames,  and 
is  famous  for  its  Itately  Caftle,  and  Roy^l  Palace  of  His  Majefty. 

Glocefter  is  the  Title  of  the  Third  Son  oi  Great  Britain,  feated  upon 
the  Severn,nQdiX  the  IQe  Aldney,vi\izvQ  was  fought  the  Combat  between  . 
Edmund  Ironfide,  King  of  the  Englifh  Saxons,  and  Canutus  the  Dane, 

I  had  purpofed  to  havegiVena  more  particular  defcription  of  all  the 
reft  of  the  principal  Cities  m  England,  butmuft  defer  it  for  a  Treatife 
o^  England,  wherein  each  County  is  drawn  for  a  Pocket- Volume  after 
a  more  new  and  compendious  way  than  eV5r  ycc  extant  j  I  fliall 
therefore  here  fay  no  more  of  £^^/W.  '  Of 


J« 


'♦*.•:  \       «, 


Of  Wales. 


An 


■H 


Jstt 


'Jforl' 


V 


*AR5 


CfWaks. 


I? 


WALES  is  a  Principality  adjoining  to,  and  annex'd  in  Govern- 
ment with  EvTtandi  Inhabited  by  the  Pofterity  of  the  Ancient 
Britainsy  who  being  driven  out  of  the  reft  of  theLand  by  theintruding 
Saxons i  whom  they  fent  for  over  to  aflUt  them  againft  the  Incurfions 
of  the  Scots  and  Puhy  ihelteredtliemfelves  inthofe  Mountainous  parts, 
and  to  this  day  retain  their  Primitive  Language,  which  hath  the  leaft 
mixture  of  Exotick  words cC  any  now  ufed  in  Euyope^bnt  by  reafon  of 
its  many  Confonants  is  lefsplealing  totheEai  :  The  People  are  Faith- 
ful, and  very  loving  to  one  another  in  a  ftrange  Country,  and  to  ftran- 
eers  in  their  own.  Their  Gentry  brave  andHofpital,  but  generally  Tub- 
jed  to  Choler,fudd5niy  moved  to  Anger,  and  as  quickly  pacified;  and 
value  themfelves  very  much  upon  their  Pedigrees  and  Families.  The 
Eldeft  Son  and  tleir  Apparent  of  our  K.ings  of  England  is  always  qua- 
lified, during  the  Life  of  his  Father,  with  the  Title  of  Prince  of  tVaUs. 

*Tis  bounded  on  all  fides  by  the  Sea,  except  towards  England^  from 
■ ,  ■  iich  it  v^as  once  feparated  by  a  great  Ditch  called  Ojf'a%  Dike ,  in 
m^.ny  places  yet  to  hi  feen,  which  Dike  began  from  the  Influx  of  the 
Pviver  l^Vye,  in  the  Sevan,  and  reached  unto  Chefier,  about  8  f  Miles. 
Mofi  Writers  tell  us  'tis  now  divided  by  the  River  Dee,  and  a  Line 
drawn  to  the  River  M^ye.  But  Monmouth  being  taken  from  it,  and  ad- 
ded to  England,  its  prefent  Limits  are  the  River  Dee,  and  aUne  drawn 
to  the  fmall  River  Rumpney  near  Cardiff,- 

The  Country  is  generally  Mountainous,  yet  not  without  its  fertile 
Vallies,  which  bear  good  Corn,  and  breedeth  abundance  of  Cattel; 
which  produce  ftore  of  Butter  and  Cheefe.  Other  Commodities  are^ 

fVel(Jj  Fieezes,  Cottons,  Bays,  Herrings  White  and  Red,  Hides, 
Calves-'kins,  Honey,  Wax.  I,:hath  Mines  of  Lead,  Lead-Ore,  Coals^ 
It  is  »'  t;l)  Gored  with  Quarries  of  Free-ftones,  and  Milftones. 

I'  >u v:.  contained  three  Kingdoms,  viz.  Gwineth^  Venedotia,  or 
Nbn  ;'•>>'.'  Debtuharthi  Demetiay  or  South-! Vales,  And  Foii^ijlandf 
or  Matbr.  jal 

'Tis  now,  according  to  an  kA  of  Parliament  in  the  Reign  of  King 
Henry  the  Eighth,  fevered  into  two  parts,  wsi.  North-  ll^ales  and  South- 
fVales;  each  of  thefe  contain  fix  Counties,  1.,%.  in  t'.ie  North,  Anglef-^y, 
Mona  Tac,  Caernarvon ^  Denbigh ,  Flinty  Merioneiby  And  Montgomery.  In 
the  South,  Brecknock^  Cardigan,  Carm^.tben,  Glamorgan,  Pembroke,  and 
Radnor.  Whofe  chief  Towns  are, 
Beaumorifl).     Bellomor 


man 


■ih 


ifci 


ViU^ 


pen  the  Menat  River,  founded  by  King  Edward  the  Fim 


■m<:)i 


Aucrjraw  was  the  Royal  Seat  of  the  Kings  oi  Gwimtb,  oi^Nortb- 


Waks,    And 


Ho 


•*Wy 


■*!:-^ 


..>)? 


J4  '^      ^  OfWdtes^ 

Hofy'heaiy  or  Catfguhl  of  the  Weljhf  a  noted  Promontory  at^  pa^ 
(age  into  Ireland.  In  this  Ifland  was  the  ancient  Seat  of  th^Drufas, 
brought  under  the  Hetnan  Scepter  by  Julius  ^grknla. 

Caernarvon^  Arvonia  of  old,  thebeft  Town  of  that  Shire,  ftrong  by 
Nature  and  Art,  founded  by  King  Edward  the  Firft.  In  the  Caflle 
whereof,  Edward  the  Second,  the  Firft  Prince  of  IVahi  was  born.    . 

Banger y  or  Banchor,  Bangoria  Lat.  Dignified  with  a  BiHiop's  See. 

uiherconwajfyTAiiJsd  out  onhe  ruins  oftheBanoniuM  ofAnt.Cancvijofiium. 

Denhijhf  Denhigbia  Lat.  feated  on  the  River  Cluyd ,  once  fortified 
with  a  ftrong  Caftle  and  Wall.  By  the  Britainsy  Elad  Frynin. 

Ruthwy  feated  in  the  Strat.  Cluyd.  Pfrexhanij  plenty  in  Lead. 

Llanfasnan,  a  fmall  Village,  is  famous  for  its  Cave  in  the  fide  of  a 
Rock,  known  by  the  Name  of  Arthurs  Round  Table. 

St.  Afaph,  Llan-Elwy  PTelJh.  Fa:  i  »  ^K.  Afaphi,  an  ancient  Epifcopal 
See,  founded  by  Kentigem  a  Scoto^        op  of  Glafcow,  in  Anno  5'6o. 

Flinty  which  giveth  Name  to  the  v^ounty.  Not  far  from  Cajeruis  is 
the  famous  Well  of  St.  Winnifridy  in  EngUJhy  Holy-welly  a  place  of  great 
note,  and  much  reforted  unto  for  the  Cure  of  fevcral  Difeafes. 

In  this  County  of  Flint  are  yet  feen  fome  Ruins  of  the  Bonium  of 
Ant.  lying  upon  both  fides  of  the  Dety  turned  afterwards  into  a  NCona- 
ftery,  and  named  Bayicornabury  by  Bedey  and  Banchor  by  Maltneshury  j 
the  firft  of  the  Britains,  containing  2100  perfons. 

Harlech  had  a  ftrong  Caftle  mounted  upon  a  fteepRock,  but  redu- 
ced to  ruins ;  'tis  the  place  of  hS\7JSS  for  Merionethjhircy  and  the  chief 
Market  of  the  Mountaineers. 

Bala,  feated  near  Llin-tegidy  or  Timhlemeery  through  which  the  De« 
IS  faid  to  run,  and  not  to  mingle  with  its  Waters. 

Montgomery y  the  Shire-Town,  is  fb  called  from  Roger  of  Montgomerf, 
Earl  of  Shrewsbury  in  the  Reign  of  the  Conqueror. 

Lanvetbliny  or  Llanvillingy  is  thought  to  be  the  Mediolanium  of  VtO' 
lomy  and  Ant, 

Trelliny  or  fVeljh-fooly  feated  on  the  Sevemy  and  in  a  rich  Vale,  is  the 
^reateft  and  beft-buik  Town  in  the  County ;  and  its  Caftle,  called 
PtfM^/j-Caftle,  is  a  large  and  ftately  Building. 

Macblenetby  the  Maglona  of  the  Notitia. 

Mathravaly  the  Seat  foraetimes  of  the  Princes  of  Vowis, 

Brecknock,  Bricbinia  Lat.  feated  at  the  meeting  of  the  Rivers  Hodney- 
and  Vsky  over  which  it  hath  a  Stone-Bridge.  It  contains  three  Parilh- 
Churches,  and  was  once  ftrengthened  with  a  ftrong  Caftle. 

Built  Buelthy  the  BuQum  of  Ant.  plealandy  (eated  among  the  Woods 
on  the  Banks  of  the  Wie, 


<. 


IPP 


"5J«K 


a  pleafant  Val^gr.  .  ...  .    ...i... 

At  Vrefim^i  iQated  on  the  Lug,  are  the  A(5?cs  H,ept. 

Knighton  IS  a  well-built  Borough-Town.The  Weft-par t  of  this  Coun- 
ty of  Radnor  IS  very  Rocky  and  Mountainous ,  the  ftrong  refuge  of 
Vortigern  King  of  the  Britains,  when  purfued  by  the  Saxons,  and  the 
ifear  and  hate  of  his  own  SubjeAs.    ^    ^  " 'i;  a..-^'      • 

Smivden-HiU  was  the  fafe  retreat  of  bw^ew  Glendor. 

CarJigany  Aber  tyvi  Welfl).  Cevetica  Lat.  feated  on  a  Rock  on  the  Bank 
of  Tywj  River  near  the  Influx  into  the  Sea,  is  the  Shire-Town,  and 
governed  by  a  Mayor. 

Llan-beder  hath  a  Market  on  Tuefdays.  Aher-y-fiwith  feated  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Rivers  3y/M;»>-6  and  R/Wo/,  defcending  from  the  foot  of  the 
fhilimon  Mountain,  as  doth  alfo  th^Teme  and  IVye  River. 

Llanbadernvaur  is  a  well-built  Town ,  graced  with  a  fair  Church, 
formerly  an  Epifcopal  See,  now  the  Pa.'^vChurch  of  Aber-y-fiwith. 

Caermarden,  the  Maridunufn  of  PPolomy,  u^^on  the  River  Tovy^  over 
which  it  hath  a  fair  Stone-Bndg,  and  it  is  a  Town-Corporate  govern- 
ed by  a  Mayor,  two  Sheriffs,  and  fixteen  Burgeflfes,  all  clad  in  Scarlet, 
and  is  alfo  famous  for  the  Birth-place  of  Merlin  the  Britijh  Prophet, 
Higher,  upon  the  top  of  a  Hill  under  which  runneth  the  Tovi,  ftood 
Dinevour  Caftle,  the  feat  of  the  Princ€  of  Soutb-fVaks, 

Newcafile  on  the  edge  of  Cardiganfliire  on  the  River  Tyvi,  thought  to 
-be  theCoventinum  of  Plolowy,  but  Lyn  Savatan  near  Brecknock,  is  the  Lo- 
'ventinam.  Or  Litentium  Camb.  • 

In  Glamorga?}fliire,  the  chief  Towns  are  Landajf,  Farum  ad  TattaWj 
'  feated  on  the  River  Tavy  or  Taff,  having  a  large  Cathedral,  a  Bifhops 
See,  otherwife  fcarce  comparable  to  an  indifferent  Town,  occalloned 
by  its  vicinity  to  Cardiff,  the  faireftTown  in  all  South-Walei^Contamln^ 
twoParilhes,  andoneChurch.  A  ftrong  ftately  Caftle.  'Tis  governed 
by  a  Conftable  and  twelve  Aldermen,d^c.Tis  the  place  of  the  Affixes, 
and  the  beft  Market  in  the  Countrey. 

Neath,  the  Nidun  of  Ptolomj,  is  much  frequented  for  Coals.  |' 

Swanfey,  OT /4^erf<»M^,is'an  ancient  Port- iRfx/e  Town,  of  a  good  Trade, 
by  reafon  of  its  Coal-pits,  and  induftry  of  its  inhabitants.  Boverton, 
not  far  from  Co-tvbridge,  is  the  Bovium  of  Ant, 

Loghar  upon  the  River  fo  called,  is  the  Leucarum  of  Ant, 

Pt  ;jbroke,the  chief  Shire-Town, feated  on  Milford  Haven,fo  large  and 
capacious,  that  it  may  fafely  contain  a  looo  failof  Ships,  over  which 
it  hath  two  fair  Bridges,  a  place  of  gocd  ftrength,  fortified  with  a 
W4II  and  a  ftrong  Caftle  feated  on  a  Rock.  F  2    St.  David* 


•»w 


y^' 


i 


■■i 


msma 


■•ti'i    *,-|V. 


J« 


Of  Stotitiid. 


- '  / 


St^VavUs,  Mentvta^&  Fatuim  Davidit,  once  a  City  of  good  account, 
DOW  only  notable  in  that  it  is  a  Bifliop^'s  See,  and  a  fair  Cathedral.  ' 
Jiaverfordwefi  is  the  Town  where  the  Affizes  are  kept. 
Tetthy  is  feated  upon  a  Rock,  having  a  commodious  Road  ibr  Ships. 

FijhguJii'd  is  the  Ahergwaine  of  the  IVdjli,     ■  ^  ,  ^. 


w^ 


/./  r 


\'S 


V" 


•tca-'fr 
tOi/cHil'iny 


con 


^ 


of  SeofUU 


? 


tJ  li  I'j 


'k  if*  i 


t.f6>'.  .'^sd: 


■Jt 


SCOTLANDis  feparated  from  England  by  the  Rivers  Tmed  and 
Solwajty  and  the  Cheviot  Hills :  The  Ancient  Inhabitants  were  the 
Britains,  divided  by  Ttohmy  into  many  leffer  Nfames ;  by  Dim  and  Xi- 
fhylinus  into  two  only  general,  i;/j&.the  Calidoniisind  Meatai  Afterwards 
called  the  ViBs  towards  the  wain  of  the  Roman  Empire,  from  their 
Paintings;  and  for  their  better '^diftinftion  from  the  civil  and  clo- 
thed flr/f^i»J,diftingui(hedby  Ant,Marctllinti6\nio  the  TiBsDucaliJoriia, 
and  the  Ve^urioms :  TheScorj^a  Colony  of  the  bordering /rz/fc  intruding 
amongft,  and  conquering  the  PiBsy  or  Britains,  all  other  Names  worn 
out,  the  whole  are  now  accounted  S^of/.. 

The  length  of  Scotla>idl  find  fet  down  by  He)lin,  to  be  480  Miles,  • 
but  the  breadth  in  no  place  more  than  60  Miles;  the  truth  of  which 
will  appear,  if  you  confider  the  Latitude  oi  Solway-Frith,  near  CarliJlCf 
themoft  Southern  part  of  Scotland ;  and  Strait  shy-head,  the  moft  Nor-   v 
thern ;  you  will  find  the  greateft  lengtli  can  be  b\it  26c>Efigltjh  Miles:  ,^ 
and  the  breadth  in  the  broadeft  place  more  than  160  Miles,as  you  will   v^ 
cafily  fee  by  the  Map.  ,• ! 

Scotland,  according  to  its  Situation,  may  be  divided  by  the  Rives.  • 
Tay  into  two  parts,  viz,.  North  and  South,  commonly  diftingulhed  by ,  ♦[ 
the  Names  of  Htghland,  and  Lowland,    The  firft  was  the  Ancient    ' 
Kingdom  of  the  Scots',  The  other  the  Old  Habitation  of  the  PiBs^ 
The  People  of  the  former  are  by  Nature  and  Difpofition  rude  and  un^ 
civil :  The  Inhabitants  of  the  latter,  in  Di^ofitioQ,  Civility,  Lan- 
guage, and  Habit,  are  much  refembling  the  EngUflt,  and  are  thought 
to  be  Defcended  of  the  S<»xow.  .  yr  :' 

On  the.  Weft  part  of  ScotlarJ  are  many  Woods,  Mobntains,  and 
Lakes  :  Towards  the  Eaft  it  is  more  Fruitful  in  Corn,  efpecially  Bar- . 
ley  and  Oats :  Their  Fruits  are  not  very  Excellent,  nor  plentiful :  but 
they  have  abundance  of  Fifti  and  Fow4 ;  not  much  Cat  eel,  nor  big< 
Their  chief  Commodities  are,  Coarfe  Clothes,-  Freezes,  Ft[h,  Lead,  Oar, 
Feathers,  Mlows,  Iron,  Salt-Petre,  Linnen-cloth,^  Tra'inOyl,  fome  Hides  y 
and  Tallow, 

The  Kingdom  of  Scotland  confifts  of  the  Nobility,  Gentry,  andCow- 
Mom:  Thefe  with  the  Lords  Spiyrual  A^tmblQ  together. in  Parliament, 
when  called  by  Wric  from  the  iving  of  Great  Brst/rin ;  who,  by  reafon 
of  his  Refidence  in  K«^W<?,CDnftirutes  and  appoints  a  Vtce-Roy  t^Ad 
under  him  at  tlie  faid  Seffion  of  Parliament,  called  Lord  CommiJfiGner, 

'■    .      '  ■  '' . 

As  to  their  Co«r/j  of  Judicature,  they  have  feveral ;  tlie  Chief  is  the 
Sefion,  or  Colledge  of  Jtifitce,  conflfting  of  a  FrtfuUnt,  fourteen  Senators,. 

(feven 


:->\ 


1« 


,A 


S 


^ 


a  %  Of  ^ddtljtftd,  ' 

Ofeven  of  ftie  Clergy,  and  as  many  oiF  the  Laity)  whereunto  is  now  ad- 
ded the  Chancellor^  >yho  is.  chief;  and  four  Lords  of  the  Nobility ;  b€- 
fees  ^9  mm^-Adyocates'in^  Clerks  as  the  Senators  fee  convenient.  Thelc 
fit  Arid  admiftifterjultice^ev^ry  day,  from  nine  to  twslve,  except  Sm- 
ffap  and  Monday Sf  from  the^rft  day  of  Noivember  KO Chri/lrftas-EvQ:  and 
frdnifthe  firft'dayof  j^i»»»^7  to  thelaft  o(  Fehuary  :  and  from  Trinity- 
Stinday^to  xhp  fiti\  i^y  of  Augu/l  i}^\it  now  by  A.d  of  Parliament  the 
Summelr-Sefliohs  are  tai?en  awiiy;  and  inftead  thereof  they  are  to  be  . 
kept  in  March.         '      ,     -.C    ^     '     '. 

This  Court  is  of  great  ftate  and  order ;  the  Clerks  write  all  the  Ma- 
terial Heads  that  are  pleaded  at  the  Bar.  And  after  the  parties  are 
rernoved,  the,  Senators  confider  the  Arguments,  and  give  Sentence, 
and  the  major  part  carries  it.  Their  final  Sentence  or  Decrees  deter- 
mines all  bufinefs,  there  being  no  appeal,  only  to  the  Parliament,who 
may  receive  and  repeal  their  decifiye  Sentence. 

The  nextfapream  Court  is  theJuftice-Court,  where  all  Criminals 

'^■'  tjre  tried :  it  confifts  of  a  Lord  Juftice- General,  and  of  a  Lord  Juftice 
Clark,  who  is  his  Affiftant.     This  Order  was  changed,  yinno  1669. 
and  by  Aftt^f;  I^arliament  four  Judges  were  appointed  to  fit  in  this 
Court  with  the  Lord  Juftice  General,  &c.  The  Jury  is  made  up  of 
fifteen  ,  th5  major  part  determines  the  matter.   Befides  this  Court, 
there  are  in  every  Shire  or  County  Inferior  Civil  JudicatoriesyOv  Courts 
kept,  wherein  the  Sheriff  of  the  Shire,  or  his  Deputy ,decideth  Contro- 
vcrfies  and  Law-Suits :  but  from  thefe  there  are  Appeals  to  theSeflfpiiS, 
dr  Higher  Ccpirt  of  Equity.  There  are  Ijkewife  Jt^dicatories^  ^^ledCpW- 
miifarials,  for  Ea/fy?dt/?/c^/ Affair?.        /.    '  »'     ^  •        ;,..'-     ■'  ,! 
Thz  '^\)\zQS  of  Scotland  3iVQ J  viz,.  Edinburgh  Barwick,   Peehlts,  Selk^r^, 
Roxburgh,    Dumfreisj    IVigbton^    Air,    Renfrew,     Latirick,   or    Lanock, 
Dumbritton,  or  Dunbarton,  Boot,  Inner,  Ara,  Terth,  Strivelin^,  or  Ster" 
ling,  Linlithgow,  Clackmanan,  Kmros,  Coupsr,  &  Fife,  Forfir,  Kinkardin, 
df  Marijchals,  Aberdeen,  Baritf&  Errols,  Elgin,  Nairn ,  Unervefs.&  R-oJs, 
Cromarty^  Tayn,  Dornocky  Weik,  Orkney.     Tl^  Conflabulary  of  Had^- 
dingtm,Th&  Stewartyies  of  Strath-yern,  Menteitb,  Amamuile, Kurkabright. 
The  Baileries  of  Kyle,  Carrick  and  Cunningham. 

Scotland  is  alfo  i'' vided  into  feveral  Counties  or  Parts  j  Lothicn,  Mercb, 

'  I'eifdal,  or  Tiviotdale,  Eskdale^  Easkdale,  Liddefdale,  Amandale,  Nitij- 
dale,  Galloway,  Carrick,  Kyle,  Ctmningbam,  Clidejdale,  Leannox,  Strive* 
ling  or  Sterling,  Mentieth,  Fife,  Strathern,  Argile^  Lorn,  Cantire,  Arrant, 
Albany  or  Bratd,Albin,  Perth,  /it hoi,  Anguis,  Mernis,  Buquiham,  or  Buchan, 
Marr,  Marray,  Lohabyr,  Rvffe^  Souther  land,  Strathnavim  C^  Catbnes. 

The  Government  whereof  is  divided  into  two  Arch-bijhopricks,  Saint 

Andrews 


vrK 


Of  StofUfid.  J9 

Andrews  and  Glafco  ^  under  whom  are  feveral  Sul!ragan  Bifhops. 

Its  chief  places  are,  Edinburgh^  the  Metropolitan  City  of  this  King- 
dom, (Ituace  in  a  high  and  wholfome  Air,  and  a  fertile  Soil^  confin- 
ing chiefly  of  one  St|^et  about  a  Mile  lit  length,  out  of  which  runs 
many  fmaller  Lanes  and  Streets.  'Tisftrongly  begirt  with  a  Wall,  and 
fortified  by  a  fair  and  ftrong  Caftle,  feated  on  the  top  of  a  Rock  :  a 
place  adorned  with  many  fiir  Edifices,  dignified  with  the  Courts  of 
Judicature,  High  Court  of  Parliament,  and  a  Univerficy. 
*  St.  Andrcitfij  of  old  Fanum  Reguli ,  hath  a  fair  ProfpeA  towards 
the  Sea,  near  the  fall  of  the  Ethan :  Fortified  with  a  fair  and  ftrong 
Caftle  ;  Dignified  with  an  Archbifliop's  See. 

GlafcOf  pleafantly  feated  on  the  River  Cluyd,  over  which  it  hath  a 
fair  Bridge :  A  place  of  good  Account,  dignified  with  an  Archbi- 
fliop's See,  and  a  Univerfity.  Clafymm,  Script.  Scot. 

Sterling,  a  place  of  good  ftrength,  and  fortified  with  a  ftrong  Ca- 
ftle. Strivilingum,  vel  Strevelinum.,  feu  Sterhnga. 

Dunhritton,  a  place  of  great  ftrength,  having  the  ftrongeft  Caftle 
in  all  Scotland,  both  by  Nature  and  Art.  Cajhum  Britonum,       •  «  / 

Falkland,  pleafantly  feated  for  Hunting. 

Linlithiuo,  or  Lithijuo,  upon  a  Lake  near  unto  the  Head  ofthpFrithy. 
fuppofed  to  be  the  Lindum  of  Ptol,  a  City  of  the  Dantnii.      j  "i<-  ■  ■'- 

M»U'elborough,  upon  the  River  Eske,  is  memorable  for  a  great  Over- 
throw of  the  Scots  by  the  English  under  Edufard  Duke  of  Sofnerfet, 
Prote«9:or  of  England  in  the  Minority  of  King  Edward  the  Sixth. 

I^itb  is  a  noted  Port  upon  the  Frith  of  Edinburgh ;  the  Bodotria  of 
Tac,  and  Boderia  of  Vtol. 

Perth,  or  St.  Johns-Town,  a  place  of  good  Account,  pleafantly  (eat- 
ed  at  the  Moiith  of  the  River  Tay,  between  two  Greens* 

Aberdeen,  fituate  on  the  Mouth  of  the  River  Don,  and  dignifiec^ 
with  an  Epifcopal  See,  and  a  Univerfity.  Aberdonia  dim  Devan^. 

Coldingham,  Coldana  Beda,  Colania  FtoL  famous  for  Ife  choice  NunSt 
Teblis  und  Selkirk  are  Sheriffdoms  for  the  Valleys. 

Jedburgh  and  Roxburgh  are  Sheriffdoms,  the  laft  fatal  tothe  Scots  by 
the  deathof  King  James  the  fecond,  flain  in  that  Siege  by  the  Englifh, 

Annan  and  Cajfle-Mahan,  are  the  two  chief  Towns,  near  Solway 
Frith,  the  Ituna  iy£/livariam  of  the  Ancients.  Abercon  gives  Title  of 
Earldom  to  the  Duke  Hamilton.  Dunbar  Bara  PtoL  or  Fara.  &  Dumba^ 
r«zw,  is  memorable  for  the  Battel  of  i6  JO,  S(?/>r.  2;. 

Dunfreis  is  a  rich  and  vvell-tradsd  Empory  upon  the  River  M//&.  No- 
iius  oi  Ptol.  and  at  the  mouth  is  Caerlavtrock  Caftle.  Corbantorigum  oi 
old,  was  the  Houfe  of  the  Lord  Maxwells.    Higher  up  the  River  is 

Morton, 


■ 


11 


w 


2^0  Of  SeotUnd,  . 

JVUrion^  naming  the  Ei lis  Morton  of  the  n.»fTie  o^  Douglas.  HiglitT  Is  .?;?«- 
^^«.tr-Caftle,  whereof  are  intitled  the  Lord  6'</K^^«cr,  of  the  Houlcor 
Name  of  t\\z  Creitchtcns.    A  little  remote  from  the  River  is  featcd 
Gliftcarmf  the  Earls  whereof  are  of  the  Houfe  a|  the  C«w/^;^/j.;w/.  Kir^ 
eoubright  is  a  commodious  Haven.    JVtgkon  a  Sherifdom.    Ij^hiihtrn  is 
the  Leucopibia  of  ?tol.  and  Canclula  Caja  of  £<?</</.     ■    ''-i '   •"  •         oi 
Barger.y  is  the  Ririgonium  of  ^«r.  C.«^/  C<;/^.  the  Seat  of  the  Earls  of 
the  Houfe  of  the  Kenncdja.    Air  is  a  Sherifdom,  and  a  noted  Port  and 
Empory.  Jirwm  a  fmall  Port.  Eglington-Caiih  gives  the  Title  to  the 
Montgomcries.  Douglas  upon  the  River  Douglas  in  Doughs-Daley  names 
the  Ancient  and  Noble  Families  of  the  Dcuglajjts.  Lamic.  Lanercum,  a 
Sherifdom  at  the  Confluence  of  the  Douglas  and  Clnjd.  Hamilton  Caft'e 
upon  the  Cluydj  the  Clot  a  or  Glota  of  Ptel.  naming  the  Houfe  and  Mar- 
queffcs  of  Hamiltov.    Bothwel,  an  Earldom  upon  the  Cluyd,  asisalfo 
Crawford  of  the  Earls  of  Lindley,  Renfrew ^f^anditar a,  is  a  Sherifdom  and 
Barony  Hereditary  to  the  Lord  Semmts.  Dunblane,  a  Biihop's  See  upon 
the  Taich.  Lower  down  at  the  mouin  of  the  Frith  of  Forth,  lie  the  She- 
rifdoms  of  Clackmannan  and  Kinras.  Abernetb,  ViHaria,  at  the  fall  of  the 
River  Ern  into  the  tay,  was  thechfef  Seat  of  the  Kings  of  PiSts.  Arrol 
■  vpon  the  Tay,  the  Seat  of  the  Earls  of  Arrol.    Athot  was  fometimes 
part  of  the  Calidonian  Wood,  ftrong  FaftnefTes  of  P/<?/jand  Northern 
Britons.  Forfar,Orrheaoi  old  is  the  Seat  of  the  Sheriffs.  Dundee,  Ale^um 
&  Da  DoKum,  a  rich  and  noted  Port  at  the  mouth  of  the  Tay.  'Brechin 
upon  the  Eske,  is  a  Bifliop's  See.   Montrofs  gives  name  to  the  Earls  of 
.  Montrofs,  D»«»of«r- Caftle  in  Mern,  feated  upon  a  »>eep  and  inacceffible 
Rock,  is  the  Seat  of  the  Sheriff.    Between  Lo^uabuir  and  Marr  rifeth 
the  high  Country  of  Badgevnth.  In  Bujuban  lie  the  fmall  Countries  and 
Prefeduresof  Bamfsarat bbogye, znd  Boyn,  places  of  Note  ;  in  Murray  ant 
Rothes  Caftle,  giving  Names  to  the  Earls  of  kjthes.    Elgin,  Forres,  Nim, 
are  Sherifdoms  about  the  Lake  Nejj,  and  part  of  the  M.  Grampius  of 

^    Tac.  exteadingHo  the  Lake  Lomond.  In  Ro^s  is  the  Country  of  Ardme." 

W  nuchf  which  giveth  Title  to  the  fecond  Son  of  the  Kings  of  Scotland. 

'■[  ,Chanoury  is  the  Seat  of  the  Biihops.  Cromerty  is  a  Shcritdom.  Dun  Ro- 
bin Caftle,  the  Seat  fometimes  of  the  Earls  of  Sunderland,  (  Rofmarcha- 
Mm  of  old.  )    G/r«fgo  Caftle,  the  Seat  of  the  Ejfrl  of  G?//6f»«.    Dur- 

-  nock  aftd  fVtck,  tlie  Seats  of  the  BiHiops.  Vara,  or  yarari^jluarium,  is 
Murry  Frith. 

In  this  Realm  of  Scotland  thzve  are  two  famous  and  Wonderful 
Loughs,  NiJJ'j  and  Lomond ;  the  firlt  never  freczeth  in  the  extreameft 
V  Cold,  and  the  Waters  of  the  fecond  rage  in  the  calmefl  Weather. 


;    ( 


■-V" 


The 


mmm 


San- 
li'c  or 
iAtcd 
Kir- 
•tr«  is 

iris  of 

It  and 

:o  the 

names 

c«w,  a 

Caftle 

IMTar- 

iisalfo 

»mand 

eupon 

tie  She- 

l  of  the 

s.  Arrol 

letimes 

orthern 

'Brechin 
Eails  of 
:ce(Iible 
>,rr  riCeth 
:ries  and 
urray3itC 
es,  Nirn, 
'TKpius  of 
Arclnse,' 
Scotland. 
Dun  Ro- 
ifmarcha- 
es.     Du" 
ttriurfty  is 

^onderFul 
ttreameft 

either. 


Of  ScoPhnd*  .,        '/  \.        4^ 

The  JJlands  aljjacent  and  belonging  to  ScotJanJ,  Are,  i.  The  HehrUes 
lying  on  the  Weft-fiile  thereof,  and  are  44  in  Namber:  the  chief 
whereof  are,' Z//«i,  Jona,  Mula,  Lewis,  8cc.  Plentiful  oflVood,  Qjarn^  Saly 
mens,  Herrings j  Conies,  Deer,  Sheeny  in  fonie  with,  in  others  without 
Owners. 

The  OrcaJes  of  Tac.  or  the  Jpnrls  of  Orkney,  in  Number  IX,  ly- 


2. 


ingfrom  the  North  and  North- Eaft  point  oi Scotland :ThQ  greateft  and 
chiefeft  Ifland  is  now  called  Mainland,  formerly  Tomonia,  well  ftored 
with  Lead  and  Tin,  whofe  chief  Town  is  Kirkwall^  Fortified  with  two 
Caftles,  and  dignified  with  the  See  of  a  Biftiop  :  the  Inhabitants  com- 
monly  called  Red-jhanks. 

3.  Shetland l^imdiS,  or  Schetland^ih^Tbuk,  or  TJjyleoi  the-Ancients, 
lying  about  20  Leagues  Northwards  from  the  Orkney^  bsing  many  in 
Number :  the  chiefof  which  is  called  Sbotland,  being  about  60  miles 
in  length  :  the  Inhabitants  are  partly  Scots,  and  partly  a  mixt  People 
of  Danes  and  Scots.  Their  Commodities  are  Ling  ana  Cod. 

Toward  North  Barwick,  near  the  Shore,  lieth  Bas  IJland,  which  ap- 
pears to  be  a  high  craggy  Rock,  and  is  remarkable  for  the  great  num- 
ber of  Soland'Geefe,  by  lome  called  Barnacles,  and  vulgarly  thought  to 
be  ingendred  by  the  Fruit  of  certain  Trees  dropt  into  the  Water.  But 
the  Hollanders  report,  that  the  Barnacles  ^yNhich  they  call  Rot-Gaufe, 
are  bred  in  the  Northern  parts,  and  that  they  couple  together,  lay 
and  hatch  their  Eggs.  And'  Gerard  de  Veeo  in  his  third  Navigation  to 
Greenland,  affirms,  that  with  his  Companions  they  have  driven  them 
from  their  Nefts,and  taken  and  eaten  of  their  Eggs. 

Befides,  Anatomy  difcovers  in  their  Bodies,  where  the  differences  of 
Sexes  do  vifibly  appear,  the  Males  having  all  the  fame  parts  as  the 
common  Drakes,  and  the  Females  having  their  Ovaria  as  other  Birds. 

Between  thelflands  of  Orkney  and  Shotland  lie  two  Iflands ;  one  cal- 
led Fair-Hill,  tl^B  Other  Fulo,  about  ten  Leagues  one  from  the  of^her. 

Thus  much,  in  brief,  as  to  the  Situation,  Length,  BVeadch,Divtfion, 
Fertility,  People,  Government,  Chief  Towns,  and  Iflands  of  Scotland, 


^■,. 


.■■HA-f-*—- . 


%■'' 


•% 


Of 


1 


';^.\ 


<• 


of  Ireland. 


,-t. 


Si^'UiU  cMtir     $ 


M 


^ 


^^^3" 


UJfjde  rf^IriJkAiUsi'^ 


tl 


Of  InUnd. 


•f/ 


41 


t'«<i 


i'*t. 


THE  firft  Inhabitahts  (to  omit  the  Fables  of  the  7r//fc  Chronicles) 
upon  probable  CircumOanceSjWere  the  £riMf»j,togethj^r  with  the 
mixt  Nations  of  the  Goths^  Gauls j  Afrtcansy  &c.  though  moft  Geographers 
are  of  Opinion,  that  its  firft  People  came  wholly  out  of  Britain,  being 
the  nigheft  to  it. 

~  Ireland  lieth  betwixt  the  f  i  and  ^6  degrees  of  Northern  Latitude, 
or  betwixt  the  middle  parallel  of  the  eighth  Clime,  where  the  longeft 
day  hath  i6  hours  and  a  half,  and  the  24th  parallel,  or  endof  the  locb 
Clime,  where  the  fame  hath  17  hours  and  a  half. 

The  firft  Inhabitants,  the  M  (for  more  ancient  we  find  not)  were 
by  Vtolomy  diftinguifhed  into  lundry  lelTer  People  and  Names :  The 
Rhohgnii,  Darnii,  Voluntii,  Vetivicmif  and  ErMttii,  «iow  containing  C7/- 
fier.  The  Auttriy  Gangani  and  Nagnata,  inhabiting  Conaugbt.  The  Veli- 
boriy  Uttrni,  VoMi,  and  CorionJi,  now  Mutjfier,  The  Menapii,  Cattci, 
Blaniif  and  BrtganteSf  now  Leivfier  :  whofe  Cities  were  Rbigia,  Rbeba, 
Macolicunty  Dunttm,  Laberus,  juerms,  Nagnata,  Regia  altera^  Manafia, 
now  Wexford,  and  Eblana,  Dublin,  whofe  Interpretations,  unlefs  the 
two  laft,  we  let  pafs  as  very  uncertain.  Towards  the  wain  of  the  Ro- 
man Empire  they  are  named  Scots  (the  occafion  .  reafon  hereof  we 
find  not)  fubduing  the  neighbouring  Pi^s  and  Caledonians^  and  giving 
the  Name  of  5<:<?^/ii»<;/ to  the  Northern  part  of  the  Britift  Continent. 
Leaving  there  this  new  a^edcd  Name,  they  laftly  refume,  and  recurs 
here  unto  their  firft  and  more  wonted  name  of  Irijb. 
)  The  firft  Onfet  it  received,  by  way  of  Invafion,  was  by  the  Saxtm 
Monarchs,  who  made  themCblves  Mafters  of  fome  places,  but  could  not 
long  continue  in  pofTefHon  of  them. 

The  next  that  in  Hoftile  manner  vifited  it,  were  the  Northern  Na- 
tions,  Danes  J  Swedes,  and  Normans:  who  fcouring  along  the  Sea-coafts, 
by  way  of  Piracy,  and  afterwards  finding  the  weaknefs  of  the  Ifland, 
made  an  Abfolute  Conqueft  of  it,  under  the  Conduftof  one  Turgelusi 
but  were  foon  routed  out  by  the  Policy  of  the  King  of  Meatb.  After 
this  the  petty  Princes  enjoyed  dieir  former  Dominions,  till  the  Year 
1 172.  at  what  time,  the  King  of  Leinfier,  having  forced  the  Wife 
of  the  King  oi  Meatb,  was  driven  by  him  out  of  this  Kingdom ;  who 
applying  himfelf  to  Henry  the  Second  of  England  for  Succour,  re- 
ceived Aid,  under  the  Leading  of  Richard  de  Clare,  Sirnamed  Strong- 
how,  Earl  of  Pembroke ;  by  whofe  good  Siiccefs,  and  the  King's  pre- 
fence,  the  petty  Kings,  or  great  Lords,  fubmitted  themfelves,  promi- 
fing  to  pay  him  Tribute^  and  acknowledge  him 'their  Chief  and  So* 
vereign  Lord. 
:    r  G2  >  Bttt 


.\,%: 


.\i 


^, 


44 


-.  ? 


Gf  Ireland,  .> 


'^'  \".M^"!''^-y>C 


But  as  the  Conqueft  was  but  flight  and  fuperficial,  fo  the  Irijh  fub« 
millions  were  but  weak  and  fickle  AfTurances  to  hold  in  Obedience  fo 
confiderable  a  Kingdom,  though  the  Charter  was  confirmed  by  Pope 
fiadrian. 

So  that  it  was  net  iiii  the  latter  end  of  Queen  Elizakrh's  Reign  that 
tliefame  was  wholly  lubjagated,  and  the  Foundation  laid  of  a  lafiing 
Peace  with  Ireland^  which  foon  after  was  very  far  proceeded  in  by  King 
'James,  and  now  fully  perfeded,  according  to  all  Human  appearance, 
by  our  Gracious  Sovereign  King  IVdliam  ;  So  that  now  Ireland  is  a 
Flouiifhing  Ifland,  Civil  in  its  felf,  and  a  good  additional  ftrfngth 
to  XhQ  Brit  ti^  Empire. 

Ireland  (called  by  the  Latins,  Hiberma ;  by  the  Greeks,  Irnia^  by  Tom' 
ponius  and  Solinus,  called  y«X'f;*»(T;  by  Pto!omj,juerna  :  by  Orpheus  , 
Arijiotky  Straboj  Stephatius  and  Cladianus,  Jerna :  by  ilttftatbius,  Fer* 
nia:  by  Diodorus,  his:  by  the  ^K/j?;^  Tverdhon :  by  the  Inhabitants, 
Eryn.  Irlandt  Germanis,  Irlanda  Italis,  Irlande  Gallis  ,  is  in  length  300^ 
and  in  breadth  130  miles:  containing  by  computation  i^  millions  of 
Acres,  and  is  about  f  of  England  and  JVales.  It  was  anciently  divided 
into  five  Provinces,  each  one  a  Kingdom  in  its  felf,  vix..  1.  Leinfier^ 
2.  Meath.  j.  Uljhr,  4.  Cotjinaught.  And  f.  Munjter.  But  noW  the 
Province  o\  Meatb  is  reckoned  for  a  Member  or  part  of  Leinfier, 

Thefefour  Provinces  compofe  tl>it  Kingdom :  as  beautiful  andfweec 
a  Country  r.s  any  under  Heaven  :  being  ftored  with  many  goodly  Ri- 
vers, Repleniflied  with  abundance  of  all  forts  of  Fifli,  fprinkled  with 
brave  !fla»i'is  and  goodly  Lakes;  adorned  with  goodly  Woods,  full 
of  very  good  Forts  and  Havens :  The  Soil  moft  Fertile^  and  the  Hea- 
vens moft  mild  and  temperate,  but  not  fo  clear  and  fubtil  as  the  Air  in 
England ;  and  therefore  not  fo  favourable  for  the  Ripening  of  Co' a 
and  Fruits,  as  to  the  Grafs,  for  all  kind  of  Cattel ;  And  in  the  Win- 
ter more  fubjed  to  Wind,  Clouds,  and  Rain,  than  Snow  or  Froft. 

It  is  an  Ifland  of  great  ftrength,  as  well  by  Nature  as  Art,  by  rea- 
fon  of  its  Situation  in  fuch  dangerous  Seas ;  and  the  feveral  Fortifica- 
tions and  Cafties  that  the  Englifi)  have  built  fince  they  were  Matters 
of  it. 

Its  cb'cf  Rivers  are  the  fpacious  SL:nnon,  the  rolling  Liffie,  the  Tan- 
dy Slan)ty  tlic  pleafant  Boyne,  the  Fifliy  Banne,  fwift  Amduffe  or  Black- 
"Heater,  fad  Trowis,  wide  Mayre,  now  Bantry  Bay,  the  Woody  Barrow, 
the  fpreading  Lee,  the  Baleful  Oi4re  or  Sboure.  Befides  thefe  Rivers, 
there  are  feverai  L<7^/,of  which  Lough  Erne  is  the  greateft,  being  about 
go  miles  in  length,  and  if  in  breadth  j  and  this,  as  all  other  of  its 
Lakes,  are  well  ttored  with  Fijb, 

The 


y1 


tmm 


Of  ire  land. 


m  ;"^ 


■      '  45 

The  IrijiihiiVt  had  the  Charafterof  being  Religious,  (by  which, 
''  perhaps,  fome  underftand  Superftitious  j  Amorous,  Patient  of  La- 
bour, Excellent  Horfemen,  and  the  meaner  fort  extremely  Larba- 
rous,  !ill  Civilized  by  the  Neighbourhood  and  intermixture  of  the 
Efjglijh^  yet  ftill  the  wild  Irijh  retain  feveral  of  their  abfurd  and  ridi*- 
culous  Cuftoms,  accouni'ng  eafc  and  idlenefs  their  greateft  liberty  and 
^     riches.  * 

The  Ecclefiaflical  Government  of  Ireland  is  committed'  to  the  care 
of  four  Jrchbijhops,  under  whom  are  19  SufFragan-Bilhops  :  The 
Temporal  Government  is  now  by  one  Supreme  Officer,  fent  over  by 
/  the  King  of  England,  who  is  called  the  Lord  Lieutenant,  or  Lord  Deputy 
of  Irelr.nd ;  who  for  Majefty,  State,  and  Power,  is  not  inferiour  to  any 
Viceroy  in  Europe.  .    * 

Their  La^J.'s  are  correfpondent  with  thofe  of  Eng^and,  and  they 
have  their  feveral  Courts  ofJ«///c^;  as  Chancery^  Common-Pleas^  Kings- 
Bench,  Excheqmr^  Courts  of  Parliament j  and  Jufiices  of  the  Peace  in  eve» 
ry  County, 

The  Commodities  of  this  JJland  are,  Cattel,  Hides,  Tallotv,  Buttery 
Cbeefcy  Honet.  War,  furs,  Sir  It,  Hemp,  Ltnntn  Cloth,  Pipe-flaves,  Wooll,  of 
which  they  make  Cloth,  and  feveral  Manufadures,  a"^  Frecz,cs,  Rugs, 
Mantles,  SsLC.  Its  Seas  yield  great  plenty  o{  Cod-fjl),  Herrings,  Pilchersy 
and  other  Fifh:  Tiie  Bowels  of  the  Earth  afford  Mines  of  LW,  T/Wj 
znAlron. 

^  of     I  E  I^N  S  T  E  R. 

This  Province  the  Natives  call  Leighingh,  the  Rritains  Lein,  tlie  Li- 
tins  Lagenia  ;  and  in  the  ancient  Lives  of  the  Saints,  Lagan  j  and  by 
r  ;  Englijh  Leinfier.  This  part  of  Ireland  for  tlie  generality  is  of  a  fer- 
tile foil,  affording  great  plenty  of  Corn,  Cattel,  Fowl,  and  Fiih  ;  en- 
jojcUh  a  wholfome and  temperate  Air ;  it  is  well  watered  with  Ri- 
vers, well  furniftied  with  Towns,  and  well  Inhabited  by  the  Gentry 
and  Commonalty  ;  and  divided  into  rhefe  Count"  ^s,  Lor.gford,  IVcJl- 
Meath,  Eajt'Meath,  Lough,  Dublin,  KdJare,  Kwgs-Ccttnty,  Qu^ens-Ccunty^ 
IVtckloiv,  Caterlough,  Kilkenny,  and  fVcxford. 

Its  cliief  Places  are,  Dublin,  the  Metropolitan  Cicy  of  Ireland,  by 
Ptolomy  called  Ehlana,  by  the  Latins  Dttblininm,  by  the  ^vj7;,  Babcleigk 
It  is  no  lefs  pleafanrly  than  commodioufly  feated  on  the  River  />#f, 
which  after  a  Gnallcourfe,  empcieth  it  fclfintoa  capacious Bay^  where 
it  hath  a  good  Haven,  and  a  fair  ProrpetH:;  ;.nd  on  the  South,  dt^Wght 
ful  Hills,  which  wiclgithc  feveral  Parks  adj.iccnt,  afrL\td  great  RecaM- 

tior 


4 


■.1  «'■ 


■;   f 


\r  *. 


4^  Of  IreUmt. 

tion  to  the  Gentry  :  It  is  a  City  of  great  Antiquity,  dignified  ahd  en- 
riched with  the  Refidence  of  the  Lord- Lieutenant,  as  alfo  with  the 
See  of  an  Arch-Bifhop,  with  an  Univerfity,  and  tlie  Courts  of  Judi- 
cature. It  is  beautified  with  many  fair  Buildings,  viz,  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant's Palace,  aftately  StruiSlure;  the  Cathedral  Church,  nigh  unto 
which  is  the  Archbifliop's  Palace,  both  without  the  City.  The  Colle- 
giat-Church,  called  C^f-z/^-CWcA,  feated  in  the  midft  of  the  City,  and 
dignified  with  the  Privileges  of  a  Univerfity.    The  Town-Hall,  or 
Tolst-Tale,  3,  {a\v  Stone- Building,  of  a  Quadrangle  form,  where  the 
Lopd-Mayor  and  Sheriffs,  Aldermen  and  other  Magift rates  of  the  Ci- 
ty ,  aflemble  together  for  the  management  and  confulting  of  the 
Publick  Concerns  of  the  City.  The  (lately  New  Hojyttal,  Defigned 
and  built  by  the  Ingenious  Archite^,  H^ilUam  Rohinjofty  Efquire  :  As 
alfo  the  New-Fort  or  Cafilc  at  Kingfale.  A  fair  CoUedge,  with  feveral  other 
brave  Edifices.  *Tis  a  place  of  great  Trade,  well  inhabited  and  fre- 
quented by  Nobility  and  Gentry,  with  wealthy  Merchants  and  Shop- 
keepers. A  City  of  large  extent,  and  yet  daily  encreafes  its  Buildings, 
efpecially  its  Suburbs,  which  is  fevered  from  the  City  by  a  Wall,  which 
gives  Entrance  by  fix  Gates.  A  City,  though  not  feated  in  the  middle 
of  Ireland,  yet  placed  diredly  oppofite  to  the  Engli^  ihore,  being 
twelve  hours  fail,  with  a  profperous  gale  of  Wind,  or  twenty  Leagues 
difVant  from  Holy-bead^  a  rare  advantage  for  the  maintenance  of  Traf- 
fick  and  Commerce  with  England^  and  other  parts  of  the  World ;  (b 
that  in  a  word,  there  is  nothing  wanting  that  may  ferve  to  make  the 
State  of  a  City  moft  magnificent  and  flourifhing.    Carhngford  and 
Dundalk^tAndi  on  a  commodious  Bay  of  the  fame  Names. 

Droghedah,  or  Tredagh^  fituate  on  the  River  Bnyne^  on  the  edge  of 
Vlfter^  a  fair  and  populous  City,  as  well  by  Art  as  Nature,  very  ftrong- 
ly  fortified  and  furniflied  with  a  large  and  commodious  Haven. 

V  hill  f ft  own,  or  Kingl^cfr  is  the  chief  of  Kings-County  ;  burnt  by 
the  Rapperees.  , 

Mary-burrovj^  or  Qtteenfiown,  is  the  chief  of  Quecnt-County. 
Kilkenny,  on  the  River  Ntwry,  the  chief  Seat  of  the  Bifljop,  and  is 
alfli  honoureJ  with  two  Noble  Seats  of  the  Duke  of  Ormond,  vit.  the 
Caltle  of  Kdhenriy  and  Donmore  Houfe  ;  fcitunre  in  a  brave  Mid  well- 
inhabited  Coantrey,  a  fair  and  wealthy  Borough-Town. 

Molingar,  the  chief  Town  of  IVcJl-Meath.  Ralimore,  well  Fortified 
by  the  /r///;,  but  furrendred  July  \o.  i6i?r,  7r//w  is  a  Borough  and 
Market  Town,  the  chief  of  Eafi-Meath. 

Caterloughy  commonly  C/^lcH«[h,  a  fine  Market-Town ,  having  a 
ftrong  Caftle,  and  the  Chief  of  that  County,  Scituate  near  the  plea- 

fant 


wmmmmmma 


Oflrddffii. 


47 


#■ 


!n- 
he 
di- 


md 


Hint  Navigable  River  by  Boats,  frpm/Soj/f,  placed  above  30  >i/b  mites- 
from  Dublin,  and  in  a  convenient  Stage  from  thegreateft  part  of  Mun- 
Iter  and  Lfinfter,  Wtcklow  at  the  mouth  of  the  River  Letrim,  is  the 
chief  of  the  County  (b  called. 

Rqffe,  once  populous,  and  well-traded,  built  by  Ifahel  the  daugh* 
ter  of  Richard  Strong-how ,  Earl  of  Pemhoke,  feated  upon  a  brave  Na- 
vigable Ri'"er,  where  Ships  of  )four  or  five  hundred  Tun  may  fafely 
rids  before  its  Key. 

Longford,  which  gives  Name  to  the  County,  and  Titls  to  the  now 
Earl  OT  Ijmgford. 

Lanesborough  is  a  confiderable  Pafs  over  the  Shannon, 

Kildare,  a  fair  Inland  Town,  well  frequented,defended  by  a  Caftlej 
a  Placa  much  celebrated  in  the  Infancy  of  the  Iri(h  Church,  for  its 
St.  Bridget,  a  holy  Virgin,  and  Difciple  to  St.  Patrick. 

Wexford, iesttd  in  the  mouth  of  the  River  Slany,  and  drives  f.  great 
Trade  with  Brifiol.  It  hath  a  fair  Pool  within  a  Sandy  Bar,  lying  be- 
tween it  and  the  Sea,  wherein  are  yearly  taken  great  ftore  of  Her- 
rings, to  the  great  advanta^;e  of  the  Place.  The  River  is  Navigable 
by  fnaall  Boats  up  to  Inijh  Corfejjiibout  eight  miles  beyond  this  Town, 
where  there  is  a  good  quantity  of  Iron  made,  which  is  carried  down 
the  River  and  fo  difperied  into  (everal  parts  of  Ireland. 

Ferns  is  a  BiihopsSee,  Dumannon  is  a  confiderable  Caftle,command- 
ing  fVaterfordH^v&n,  where  King  WiUiam  and  the  Prince  of  Denmark 
embarqu  a  for  England, 

The  chief  Rivers  in  this  Province  are,  i.  The  Boyne  •  The  Battel  at 
the  Boyne  in  1 690.  will  as  well  Enternize  the  Mem  y ,  the  Valour,  the 
ConduA,  the  Hazard  of  his  Majefty  King  WtUiam  ti  III^.  as  Lament 
the  Death  of  the  Renowned  Duke  Scbonberg,  and  of  the  Pcverend 
Dr.  Walker,  2.  The  Barrow,  j.  The  Liffe  or  Uffy.  4.  Tuc  Nuer, 
5*.  The  Slanj  or  Urrin, 


In  this  Province  are  comprehended  926  Pariflies  j  whereof  47  are 
Boroughs  that  return  Parliament-men  ;   16  Market-Towns 
Caftles. 


102 


Of  the  Province  oi    V  L  S  T  E  R. 

By    the  Latins,  Ultonia^    or  XJlidia ;  by  the  Jrifi  Cui  Gmly,  by  the 

kP'clcb,  Vitro  ;  by  the  EngUfh  Ulfier, 

It  is  now  divided  into  nine  Counties,  i,  Dunmgnl^  cr  Tjrcovnel. 

2.   London-' 


48 


Of  IriUnL 


\k   r 


Lcndondtrry^  Atttrim,:3^ny'Ardin)iigbi  Tyrsnti  Or  Tyf-Otn]  Parmaniigh\ 

Iwchief  pbaes  are  ;Z>f/J7»(7g^^/,  a;  Borough  Town,  with  a  good  Ha^^ 
ven,  and  commodious  Harbour:  Raphoc,  near  the  Lough  SmlJe,  onoo 
a  City  and  Bilhoprick.  Ballijhennon  hath  a  good  Haven. 
.;  Londonderry  is  the  befl:  built  Town  of  any  in  the  North  of  Ireland, 
feated  in  a  Ven'mfula  of  40  Acres;  on  one  fide  invironed  witha River^ 
and  on  the  other  fide  impafitble,  with  a  deep  and  Morifh  Soil,  ftrong» 
\y  fcituated  by  Nature,  and  ftronger  by  Art;  very  remarkable  for  its 
Defence  in  the  Siege  1689,  Mr  Ceorge  IValkcr^  Kedor  of  Doff/^bmore 
in  Tyrone  J  Governour,  againft  20000  Irijlo,  for  toj"  d^ys;  whom  nei- 
ther the  Number  nor  Rage  of  the  Enemies  without,  nor  thofe  more 
Cruel  ones  within.  Famine  and  Sicknefs,  and  the  Fatigue  (/  War, 
could  ever  make  them  think  of  Surrendring. 

Culmore  Forty  at  the  Entrance  of  Louzh  Foyle  ,;  is  witnefs  of  the 
brave  Undertaking ,  and  great  Succefi  of  the  Montjoy  of  Derry , 
aod  the  Phoenix  of  Colrainey  loaden  with  Provifion  for  the  Relief  of 
Londonderry f  and  conveyed  by  the  Dartmouth  Frigat,  in  breaking  and 
pafling  the  BooWj  to  the  inexpreflible  Joy  and  Tranfport  of  tiiat  di- 
ftreffed  Garifon,  when  they  only  reckoned  upon  two  days  life. 
Cokaine,  a  confiderable  place,  and  once  gave  name  to  this  County. 
St.  ?atrick*s  Purgatory,  is  a  Vault  or  narrow  Lane  in  the  ground,  of 
which  ftrange  ftories  are  reported  by  the  Irifh. 

Antrim  gives  name  to  the  County,  but  Carrickfergm,  or  Knockfergm 
is  the  chief  of  the  County^,  feated  upon  a  large  and  capacious  Bay, 
with  a  fafe  and  con<modious  Port. 

Belfafi  and  Lisborny  or  Lifnagarve,  arc  two  thriving  Towns.  Connor 
is  a  fmall  Biflioprick  united  to  Down.  Dunhce  is  a  Caftle  on  the  North, 
feated  on  a  Rock  hanging  over  the  Sea. 

Down- Patrick  is  a  Borough  Town,  and  head  of  the  County;  a  Bi- 
flioprick, famous  for  the  Bones  of  St.  Patnck,  St.  Bridget,  and  St.  Co- 
lumbw,  and  one  of  the  moft  Ancient  Towns  in  Ireland, 

Strangford  gives  name  to  a  large  Lough  and  Bay.  Bangor,  Hihbo- 
rough,  Newton,  and  KiUileagh^  are  Borough-Towns.  Drowore  is  a  fmall 
Bilhoprick.  Newry  is  a  Borough  and  Market  Town,  Dtmdrum  and  Ar- 
glas  are  two  Sea- Port  Towns. 

Armagh,or  Ardmagh,  is  yet  an  Archbiftiop's  See,  and  the  Metropo- 
litan of  Ireland:  Here  was  King  IVtlUarn  firlt  Proclaimed,  in  the  year 
1690,  by  the  Lord  Bhwy.  Charhmcnt  is  a  Borough,  and  ftrong  For- 
trefs,  very  remarkable  for  many  Adions  in  the  late  War. 


Dunganmn 


■■■ 


Of  IrtUnd. 


inHgi], 


49 


T>imgiimon  is  cfteehied  the  chief  Town  in  the  County  of  Tyrom,  Stra- 
^tf»«  is  a  Borough-Town. 

Cafile  Omagby  or  Drummaragh,  is  a  Borough-Town  on  the  R.  Vo 
water^  Ckgber  is  a  fmall  Biftiopiick. 

Eniskillmgi  or  Imflikillmg,  is  the  chief  Town  in  Fermanagh  County, 
and  is  &!TiOus  for  the  Valour  of  its  Inhabitants  in  the  late  War  ;reat- 
ed  in  an  lHandin  the  middle  oithcLskQ  Earn ,  (which  is  there  divided 
into  two  parts),  and  guarded  with  two  Forts.  Jarmon  and  Tully  are 
two  Caftles.  Balleck  at  the  mouth  of  the  Lake. 

Mmagban  is  a  Borough-Town,  and  chief  of  the  County.  G lajhlogh 
vtnd  Clonijh  are  two  fmall  Towns.  Cavan  is  alfo  the  head  of  its  County. 
Behurbet  \s2l  Borough-Town.  Kilmorea  Bifliops  See. 

Tiie  chief  Rivers  of  this  (  junty  are,  i.  The  Banne,  which  pafles 
through  the  great  Lake  Neagb.  2.  Lougb  Foyle,  which  makes  a  great 
Bay  or  Lake  of  the  fame  Name.  As  alfo  does,  3.  Swilly,  4.  Lagan 
Water,  f.  Neunry.  6.  Po  River. 

In  this  Province  is  one  Archbiflioprick,  6  Bifhopricks,  60  Baro- 
nies, 14  Towns,  of  Trade,  54  Towns  that  return  Parliament-men, 
30  Caftles,  and  214  Parifties. 

Cffhe  Province  of  CO  NNJVGHT,  or  ConAught^  and 
Connagh.  Lat.  Conuda&cCoftachtia. 

.  This  I'rovince,  as  it  is  divided  into  feveral  Counties,  fo  every  Coun- 
ty is  feverallycommemded  for  its  Soil.  Clare  is  faid  to  be  a  County  fo 
conveniently  feated,  that  either  from  the  Sea  or  Land  there  can  be 
nothing  wiflied  for  more. 

Galloway  is  no  lefs  thankful  to  the  Husbandman,  than  profitable 
to  the  Shepherd. 

Mayo  is  repleniflied  with  pleafure  and  fertility,  abundantly  rich  in 
Cattel,  and  plenty  of  Honey. 

Skgo,  Coafting  upon  the  Sea,  is  noted  for  feeding-and  raifing  of 
Cattel. 

Letrim  is  fo  full  of  grafs  and  forage,  that  it  fometlmes  endangers 
^heir  Cattel. 

"*  Rofcommon  is  plain  and  fruitful,  feeding  many  herds  of  Cattel,  and 
yielding  plenty  of  Corn. 

Clarcy  or  Tbomond,  gives  Title  to  an  Earldom,  fonietimes  chilled 
Twomondy  or  TwoivouNy  gives  Name  to  the  County.  KilLdow,  or  Labif^ 
is  a  Market  Town,  and  Bllhops  See.  Enis  Town  is  a  Borough  three 
miles  Nortb  of  Clare.  Bonrotty  is  fortified  with  a  Caftle. 

H  Ci.: 


.^' 


/ 


5d       '  Of  IreUfttL.  ^^ 

Galloway,  a  BiihopsSee,  and  the  third  City  of  this  Kingdom,  for 
beauty  and  bignefs,  feated  near  the  fall  of  the  great  Lake  or  Rivec 
Corhes  in  the  Weftcrn  Ocean  j  furrendrcd  to  the*  Efigltjhy  J4ily  22.  91. 
A  noted  Empory,  and  famous  for  Trade ;  nigh  to  this  City  is  the 
Lough  Garble f  about  20  miles  in  length,  and  3  or  4  in  breadth  ;  in 
which  are  many  fmall  Ifles. 

tuam  is  an  Archbifliops  See,  once  a  famous  City,  now  decayed. 
Atbenree,  or  Aterietb,  is  a  Borough  Towflt  Cknfart  ftill  keepeih  the. 
Title  of  a  Bifliops  See.  .*'  • 

But  the  Battel  of  Aghrim  will  eternize  the  Valour  of  the  Enghfu 

Mayo  is  reckoned  the  chief  Town  of  the  County,  now  decayed^ 
once  a  Biflioprick,  now  joined  to  Tuam^  and-  the  Jurifdldion  to  Ktl- 
lata,  which  is  a  fiiiall  Town  and  Bifhoprick,  near  a  large  Bay.  Caftk 
Bar  is  a  fmali  Borough  Town  ;  in  this  County  is  the  Lough  Malk^oi, 
a  large  extent  and  well  itored  withFifti. 

Skgo,  in  the  year  16^2,  was  but  a  very  poor  Town,  but  'tis  feated 
on  a  great  Pafs,  and  moft  convenient  thorough* fare  of  all  Comaugbty 
into  the  Province  of  Ulfitr ;  Flanked  on  the  Weft  by  a  Bay  of  th© 
Sea,  which  fafely  brings  to  it  Ships  of  good  Burthen ;  and  on  the. 
Eaft  with  a  Lake  of  about  y  miles  in  length,  ftored  with  brave  Sal- 
mon, Pikes  and  Trouts ;  Protected  by  a  Itrong  Fort,  and  the  whole 
Gountrey  enriched  with  as  good  Land  as  any  in  Ireland ^  and  Neigh- 
boured within  few  miles  of  the  great  Lake  Earn^  %o  miles  in  length, 
and  half  as  broad.  Being  thus  happily  fcituate,  and  accompanied 
with  fo  many  ."advantages,  will  doublefs  be  of  great  confequence.  Acoi> 
ry,  once  a  Bilhoprick,  now  ruined  and  united  to  Elfh'mm  Rofcommon^. 

Letrim  is  feated  in  a  fertile  Soil,  near  the  Lough  Alyn  on  the  River 
Shannon i  reckoned  the  chief  of  the  County.  Cantck  Drumrujh  is  alfo  a 
fmall  Borough  Town  on  the  River  Sbamon. 

James  Town^  a  place  commodioufly  feated  for  Trade,  upon  the  Ri- 
ver Sbanmn,  being  paflable  by  Boats  from  thence  as  far  as  Killaloo^  near 
Liwmci ;  which  is  80  miles  or  thereabouts,  except  the  neceflity  of 
once  unloading  by  reafon  of  At hlone' Bridge. 

Rofcommon,  which  gives  name  to  the  County,  otherwife  poor  and 
mean.  Atblone^  a  Bilhoprick,  is  a  place  of  great  ftrengch,  and  the  Key 
of  Connaugbtj  on  both  (ides  of  the  River  Sbanmn^  joyned  by  a  ftately 
Stone  Bridge  ;  guarded  on  Conmught  fide  with  a  Caftle,  andftrongly 
fortified  with  an  Earthen  Wail,  but  could  not  rcfift  the  Power  and 
brave  Attacks  of  the  Englijh.  Elph'm  is  a  Bifliops  See.  Tulsk  is  a  Bo- 
tough,  and  Market-Town.  Boyle  will  be  famous  for  the  Name  of  the 
HQtiQUidihX^  RobiTt  BoyUj  Efquire,  the  EngUpt  Philofophcr. 

This 


y^" 


Of  IrtlinA. 


5« 


This  Province  contains  %%  Baronies,  it  hath  one  Archbifltoprick, 
6  Bifliopricks,  beHdes  Angchcnj  and  Mofo^  united  to  Tuam,  7  Market- 
Towns;  8  Places  of  Commerce  and  Trade  ,*  iz  places  that  return 
Parliament-men,  24-Caftlesofold  ereAion,  and  366*Parinies. 

It  is  well  watered  with  Loughs^and  Ri\rers,  plenty  of  Fifli  and 
Fowl ;  and  on  the  Weftern  Sea  it  hath  many  commodious  Bays^Creeks, 
and  Navigable  Rivers ;  but  its  Air  not  fo  pure  and  clear  as  in  the 
other  Provinces. 

Of  the  Province  of  lA  U  N  S  T  E  R,  lytheLmtks  Mo- 
momia,  hjthe  Irilh  Mown,  or  Wown. 

It  is  divided  into  j  Counties,  (by  fome  into  6  )  viz,  Tipperar^,  or 
Holy  Crofs ;  TVaterford,  Corky  to  which  is  joined  the  County  ot  Def- 
wond,  UmerickiStnd  Kerry,  Thefe  Counties  are  divided  into  yi  Baronies. 

It  is  large,  Mountainous,  Woody,  and  of  a  different  Soil;  the  Val- 
leys garnimed  with  Corn  Fields,  and  generally  fertile ;  well  watered 
with  Rivers  and  Bays,  abounding  in  Corn,  Cartel,  Wood,  Wooll,  and 
Filhjthe  laft  whereof  it  affords  in  every  place  plenty,  but  efpecially  Her- 
ring and  Cod,  near  the  Promontory  ofEraaghy  that  lies  between  Bantry 
and  Baltimore  Bay.  The  Air  mild  and  temperate,  neither  too  fcorching 
hot,  nor  too  pinching  cold ;  comprehending,  befides  many  fafe  Nati- 
ons for  Ships,  24  Towns  of  Note  and  Trade,  66  Caftles  of  old  ere- 
dion,  and  802  Pariifaes. 

Tipperary,  once  a  famous  place  for  Pilgrims,  now  gives  name  to  the 
County.  Clonmel,  in  the  Connty  o(Ttperary,a.  place  of  great  ftrength 
and  confequence,  both  for  its  convenient  fcituation  upon  the  River 
Sbottr,  paiiable  to  it  by  Boats,  20  miles  above  fVaterford;  as  alfo  for 
that  it  is  the  Place  of  Judicature  for  the  faid  County,  larely  made  Pa- 
latine.  Itis^  Market- Town  and  Borough. 

Cajhel  or  CaJJeJ,  is  an  Archbiflioprick.  Thurlei  is  a  BoFOugh-Town 
on  the  River  Sbure,  CarickyOvCarick-Mac-Griffinyisa.  Market  Town  on 
the  fame  River. 

The  North  part  of  Tipperary  beareth  the  name  of  Orwond,  and  is 
honoured  by  giving  Title  to  our  prefent  Duke  ofOriond. 

tVaterfordy  on  the  River  Shour,  a  well  traded  Port,  a  Bifhops  See, 
and  the  fecond  City  of  Inland  j  tho  feated  in  one  of  the  moft  barren 
parts,  and  moft  foggy  Air,  yet  it  is  of  fafe  and  commodious  Site  for 
Trade ;  for  Ships  of  the  greateft  burthen  may  fafely  fail  to,  antl  ride 
at  Anchor  before  the  Key  thereof,  which  is  one  of  the  beft  in  the 
King's  Dominions^  and  chief  of  the  County. 

Ha  Dunbar' 


** 


Of  TreUnii 


■%. 


■V. 


& 


,  Dmgurvan  is  a  Borough  Town,reated  on  the  Sea,  well fortified  with  a  t 
Ca(tle,wiihacommodious  Roadfor  Ships.£iyw0r«isaBorough  Town  on  ^, 
the  River  Blackwater, once  a  BiHiops  See,  but  now  united  to  Waterford, 

Corky  uposithe  R.  Lee,  the  principal  of  chat  County ,  and  a  Bifliopi- 
'See,  well  walled,  and  fitted  with  a  very  commodious  Haven,  confifting 
chiefly  of  one  ftreet  in  length,  inhabited  by  a  civil ,  wealthy,  and  indu- 
ftrious  people,  generally  all  Etiglijh.  It  is  the  Shire-Town  of  the  largeft, 
richeft,  and  bell  inhabited  Countrey  of  any  in  IrelanJy  and  the  only 
ThoroughTare  of  all  Goods  and  Commodities  fent  moft  commonly 
this  way  owt  of  England,  Sept'.  29.  1690.  aftbr  3  or  4  brave  Aflaults 
by  the  Englifhy  it  furrendfed  to  King  JVilUt^m.,  tho  the.Gariibn  confifted  • 
of  poo,  who  were  all  made  Prifoners  of  War. 
.  K'wgfale  upon  the  mouth  of  the  River  Banyj    commodious  Pprtiop- 
pofite  to  the  Coaft  of  5ptfi»,  the  only  fafe  and  ready vPort  in  all  Ireland 
for  the  Englif^  Ships  ana  others  to  victual  at,  or  refrefh  theinfelves,  har 
ving  a  lirong  Caftle  for  its  defence ;  which  alfij  furrendred  to.the 
£»g///fc,  OcSlob.  17.  1690. 

r(7M^i&<>/ upon  the  Sea,  with  a  fafe  Road,  and  convenient  Haven,  and 

is  the  moft  convenient  place  in  all  the  South,  Par^s  of  Ireland,  froni 

whence  to  tranfportCatteljShecpidr.toany  part  of  the  Pf^efi  of  England. 

Other  places  in  thisCounty,  are  Roffe,  once  of  gpod  account,anda 

l^ifhoprick,  now  united  to  Cork.  Charkfville,  Mallo,  Brandon- Bidge,  BfiU 

.  limore,  &c.  are  Borough  Towns. 

Limricky  or  tough- Meaghy  the  Principal  of  that  County,  and  thjB 
(burthineftimationofalltheKJngclom,  fcituateinan  Ifland,  compaifed 
about  with  the  River  Sbanmny  by  which  means  well  fortified :  A  weH- 
frequente(^  Empory,  and  a  Bifbops  See.Diftant  from  the  main  Ocean  ■ 
about  60  miles,  yet  Ships  of  good  burthen  come  up  clofe  to  the  very 
Walls;  of  a  happy  fcituation  in  refpe<5lpf  TralBckand  Commerce.  It 
is  counted  two  Towns,  the  Upper,  where,  Hand*  the  Cathedral  Church 
and  Caftle:  The  lower  fenced  with  a  Wall  and  Caftle.  TheJaftTown 
that  furrendred  to .  the  Englijhy  and  compleated  the  Conqueft  of  Lrx- 
land.  Kilmallock  is  a  Borough  Town,. Rich  and  Populous,  jiskeaton  ztiA 
Jtbdora  are  fmall  Towns  of  note. 

;|.    Dingle,  a  Borough  and  Market-Town,  is^thc'  chief  of  the  County  .of 

. '.  *ffr<;;  itis  very  well  feated  foi Navigation,  upon  a  large  Biy  of  the 

fame  name,  the  mo!^ Wefiern  of  note  in  all  Ireland.  Arafeart  is  a  Bo- 

rouglvTown,  nigh  the.  Sea,  and^  Bilhoprick-  rM/^about.4  mUes 

.from  the  Sea. 

'     To  conclude ;  Thefe  four  Provit|ces  make  up  a  Kingdom,  as  beau- 
iiful  and  fweet  a  Countrey  as  any  ^nder  Hsaven^  Jftored  with  many 

'  goodly 


^ 


■;^ 


mmm 


wmmmmm 


Of  Df/tmdrk.  '  5j 

gQpdly  Rivers^  repleniflied  with  abundance  of  i>il  forts  of  FiHi^rprinJc- 

led  with  many  Brave  Iflandj  and  Lakes,  adorned  with  goodly  Woods 
;  'for  building  of  Houfes  or  Ships;  full  of  good  Forts  and  Havens;  of  a 

Soil  moft  fertile,  and  the  Air  mild  and  temperate;  fothat  there  is  no- 
'    thing  wantinjg  that  may  ferveto  make  it  amoft  magnificent  and  flou- 

riihin^  Kingdohi.  1,,   ,  ^ 


v^ 


54 


Of  Denmgri* 


1-' 


^h,^ 
f.^;.. 


•  '  i 


DANIJ.LaKP  E.I^EMA;RC  KyincoUsi  DENMARK, 
Engl  is  a  M6iMrchy  which  in  formqr  timesi  was^  vay  fcrtni- 
dable  bom  to  Trance  and  lEnglmd  \  and  though  the  Englijh  for 
many  years  have  minded  no  other  Intereft  in  this  Country  but  that 
of  the  Sahick  and  North  Trade ;  yet  fincc  thefe  two  Crowns  arpnow 
come  to  a  clofer  Union,  it  may  be  worth  our  while  to  16oki)ack  and 
confiderthe  State  ef  that  Monarchy,  wherein  the  Engl^  hath  fo 
great  an  Intereft  by  the  late  Marriage  oS  George  Pt'mcQoi  Dpunark  with 
the  Princels  yf»».  ^     ;.,  ;3.>.  .  v  ,t     ^  '       li 

Concernitig^the  Origimil  bf  thcVJiiie,  we  read  not  many  of  the 
more  ancicnt*<jrff*  and£«n«  Atithors,  excepting  Jomandesi^nd  Venan- 
ttMs  Fortunate,  who  yet  but  (lightly  mention  them.  In  the  Freticb  and 
Englijh  Hiftories  they  are  often  remembred,  firftin  the  Reign  of  Tkec- 
dorick  King  of  An^ratiay  about  the  year  p6,  under  their  King  Cocblia- 
ri/Kf,  foraging  upon  the  Sea-coaft  of  GaMl-BeJgick ;  flain  in  their  return 
by  Theodehert,  Son  to  Theodorick.  After  this  in  the  Reign  of  Charles  the 
Great,  under  their  VnncG  Gotrio»s  or  Godfrey,  then  warring  upon  the 
Ohertriti,  the  Inhabitants  about  Rofiock  tejte  Krantz,w ;  and  invading 
FreiJIandwhh  a  Fleet  pf  200  Sail ;  threatning  the  Neighbouring  Saxons 
with  Subji6<^onj  and  much  endangering  the  Empire  of  the  French,  if 
the  death  of  Godfrey,  jnd  the  Quarrels  about  Succeffion  had  not  pre- 
vented. 

Afterwards  their  mention  is  very  frequent  and  famous  during  the 
Race  of  the  Freneb  Kings  of  theCaroline  Line,  and  of  the  Monarchy  of 
thQEnglifh  Saxons,  withTundry  Fleets  and  Armies  unrefiftible,  invading 
France  and  £»g/<z»</,conquering  and  fubduing  the  Englifh  Saxon  Nation, 
and  giving  the  name  of  Normandy  to  part  of  France  ;  for  by  that  com- 
mon Name  of  Normansy  the  Dams^  as  well  as  the  Norweis  a^n^  Swetbes 
were  then  called. 

The  word  Dane^  Saxo  Grammaticus,  Krantz»im,  and  others  fabuloudy 
derived  from  one  Dan,  sl  King  hereof,  about  the  year  of  the  World 
2898.  Fee  anus  from  Henen  or  Denen,  Hgnifying  a  Cock  in  the  Danijh 
Language,  the  Arms  of  the  Alani  their  Progenitors.  But  how  they 
got  thither  is  very  uncertain.  Andrem  Velleitts  in  Cambden,  from  the 
Dabi,  a  people  of  Jfia,  and  Mark  fignifying  a  Border.  Etbelwardui 
from  Donia,  a  Town  fometimes  fince  feated  herein.  Montanttf,  from 
^Aba  ;  fignifying  water,  in  regard  of  the  Scituation  of  the  Country.  The 
more  Judicious  fetch  their  Name  from  the  Bay  or  Strait  of  the  Sea  caU 
jiecl  by  Mela  Sinus  Codanus,  about  which  Strait,  and  in  the  Iflands  ad- 
jacent^  thefe  people^  fmce  their  firft  being  known,  have  to  this  day. 

inhabited^ 


/^ 


Of  Demffdrk: 


55 


inhabited.  From  this  Name  hath  the  Country  been  called  Denmarkk 
A  Nation  famous  a  long  time  for  Arms^  and  their  many  and  great  Vi^ 
dories  atchieved  abroad.  Themfelves  (never  conquered  by  Foreign 
Power)  Lords  fometimes  of  England  and  SwetbelanJ,  Yet  (uch  is  iher 
Viciffitude  of  Kingdoms,  th^t  Denmark  was  in  the  com pafs  of  four 
yc.\rF,vix»  16^7,  j8,  ^9,  and  i66o.  almoft  conquered  by  the  Swedes, 
the  Hiftory  of  which  Wars  are  well  written  by  Sir  Roger  Manley ;  there 
you  will  find  the  King  of  Swedtn  fighting  with  a  wonderful refolution, 
and  continued  SuccelTes;  theKingof  D^nm^ir/^withan  undaunted  and 
indefatigable  courage  endeavours  to  check  his  Career,  till  by  the  Me- 
diation of  the  Dutch  and  Englijh  the  Treaty  of  Rojchilt  in  February 
i6f8.vvas  concluded,  and  the  two  Kings  had  a  friendly  Interview; 
Yet  foon  after  this  the  War  broke  out  again  j  for  the  King  oi  Sweden 
upon  pretence  of  nonperformance  of  Articles,  with  much  fecrefie  got 
h^ioxQ  Copenhagen  mAui^uft  i6f8«  (bthat  the  fete  of  Demnark  depend- 
ed upon  the  Invincible  Courage  and  ConduA  of  King  Frederick, 
who  defended  Copenhagen  with  a  Royal  Magnanimity  till  the  death 
&f  the  King  of  Sweden^  when  was  concluded  a  Cecond  Peace  upon 
the  Bafis  cS  the  former  Treaty,  Not  to  mention  the  late  Wars 
whenein  thefe  two  Northern  Crowns  were  again  imbrued  in  blood,  ■ 
where  the  Swedes  were  overcome  frequently  in  Field-fights,  and  in 
Sieges,  as  well  as  at  Sea.  They  loft  JVtfmar  in  Mccklemburg,  and  lb' 
veral  places  in  Scbenen.  And  the  Danes  had  made,  as  well  as  Bran* 
denburgi  brave  Acquifitions  and  Revenges,  had  not  the  French  King 
forced  thern  to  a  Reftitution. 

The  Monarchy  of  Denmark,  2ls  \ti%  now  united  and  incorporatedx 
contains  two  Kingdoms,  Dtnmark  and  Norway  ^  to  which  we  may 
add  Groenlind,  and  the  Iflands  of  Ifeland,  Shetland  and  Ferro.  Den* 
mark  is  fituate  between  the  Ocean  and  the  BaUkk  Sea,  conipofed  of  a; 
Teninfula,  contiguous  to  Germany ^  a  Coaft  adjoining  to  Sweden,  and 
of  divers  Ifles  which  are  between  the  Veninfttla  and  the  Coaft,  with 
fbme  othejs  further  diftant.  Containing  five  more  general  pares  or 
names  of  i.  '^■Jutland,  2.  The  Iflands  of  the  SuwWp  or  Sundt.  .3.  Ha* 
litid,     4.  Sehomn.     5*.  Bit  king. 


0/ Jutia  cr  Jutland; 


i-j-i 


TH  E  Veninfula  called  Jutland,  was  once  the  Clmbria  Cherfonefm  of 
Vtol.  from  the  Cimhrians  its  ancient  Inhabitants  f  who  were  fol- 
lowed by  the  Jt4ites,  Saxons,  and  Angles :  after  thefe  came  the  Danes, 
by  whom  it  is  now  poflefled)  being  divided  into  two  parts,  North 

and. 


r<*- 


'  j^         .V.  Of  DenmArk.  ^       -> 

and  50wf£;  the  50«r/&  pare  is  divided  alfo  into  two  Dukedoms,  vk,, 
■   Ducat  ftt  Holfatia,  or  Ho/fiein,  a  ad  Stejukenfts  Ducat  hs^  or  Slejwkk* 

^i     •  Of  the  Dtikedom  f)/Holftein,  e;r  ^.  Ifatia  Ducatus.    ,  ;•. 

TH  I S  is  a  Woody,  low  and  Marfiiy  Country,  and  contains  the 
Provinces  of  Ditbmerjia,  Stormaria^  Holf'atia,  and  Wagria^  pro- 
perly and  ftridly  fo  called.  Stormaria,  Stormaren,  hath  for  its  chief 
places  Hamburgoy  Manonisy  Ptol,  te(le  Cluver,  a  free  Imperial  City,  and 
a  Hans'Town  of  great  ftrength,  as  well  by  Nature  as  Art,  adorned 
with  fair  and  beautiful  Structures,  viz..  the  Council-HoufejExchange, 
and  nine  Churches;  a  place  of  great  Trade,  and  well  relbrted  to  by 
Merchants  and  Faftors  of  feveral  Nations.  Anno  i;74.  this  Town 
was  adjudged  to  belong  to  the  Earls  of  Holfiein,  and  that  determina- 
tion ratify 'd  by  Charles  the  Fourth  And  'tis  faid  that  the  Hamburgers 
took  the  Oath  of  Allegiance  to  Chr'tfiiern  Earl  oiOldtnburg^thQ  firft  King 
of  Denmark  of  that  Houfe,  as  Earl  of  Holjlein ;  but  fince  they  live  as  a 
=  free  State,  and  being  jealous  of  their  Liberty,  or  their  Guilt,  they  are 
always  in  a  pofture  of  Defence,  and  can  upon  all  occafions  raife 
c  f  oo  Citizens  well  armed,  befides  their  conftant  Garifon,  and  the 
promifcd  afliftance  of  the  reft  of  the  Hans-Towns.  2.  Crempa,  Krem- 
pen,  a  ftrong  and  well  Fortified  Town,  reckoned  one  of  the  Keys  of 
the  Kingdom.  GluckstadtfilucfiaMum,  which  commands  the  pafTage 
up  the  Elbe.  6.  Vinnenbergy  Vinntberga^  a  ftrong  place,  and  of  great 
confequence.  7.  Bredenberg,  one  of  the  beft  Towns  in  the  Country, 
remarkable  for  the  ftout  refiftance  it  mads  againft  PPallefiein  1628. 

Ifagria,  JVageren^  hath  for  its  chief  places  Lubeea,  Lubeck,  the  Treva 
of  F:ol.  te(te  Marc.Sanf.  &  BrietiojUn  Imperial  Free  City,  and  a  Hans- 
Toivn,  and  Birtiops  See,  built  upon  a  rifingHiil,  on  the  fummit  where- 
of is  placed  the  Cathedral  Church,  called  St  Maries :  befides  which, 
it  hath  nine  others,The  Streets  are  ftraight  and  fair ;  'tisFortfied  with 
a  Ditch  and  double  Wall,  in  circuit  about  fix  miles,  and  enjoys  a  good 
Trade.  Heylin  tells  us  there  is  not  a  City  of  Germany  which  can  equa- 
lize it,  either  for  the  Beauty  and  uniformity  of  the  Houles,  the  plea- 
fant  Gardehs,  fair  Streets,  and  delightful  Walks  without  the  Walls  ; 
feated  upon  the  River  Tr^at^e,  which  runs  through  the  midftof  it  about 
'  eight  Engli^  miles  from  the  Baltick.  Guarded  at  the  River's  mouth  by 
the  Fort  TravemunJ,  and  is  in  a  ftriA  Alliance  with  the  States-General 
of  the  United-Provinces,  ever  fince  Anno  1648,  The  other  Towns 
are  Newfiadty  Pken,  Plona,  upon  a  Lake  fortified  with  a  Caftle,  and 
belonging  to  a  Prince  of  the  Houfe  of  Holfiein^  called  Holfiein  Floen. 

Oldetiburgh. 


V0 


of  Vinmtrk^  ^ 

OUentfurgh,  Segehert,  the  Lirimiru  of  PtoL  and  OUejloe,  DitMarftd^ 
Ditbmarfen,  hath  for  its  chief  places  MeUrop,  the  prime  Town  of  the 
Province.  LunJen,  Bri&nbutttlj  &  HeiJe,  Holfatia,  Hol/ace  Gallis,  Hoi- 
fiein,  is  the  laft  member  of  this  Eftate,  though  giving  name  to  the 
whole ;  the  chief  places  in  it  are  Kiel,  alias  Cbilonmm,  Seated  upon 
the  Baltick  Sea,  a  well  traded  Town,  with  a  large  Haven,  and  flore' 
of  Shipping,  2.  Remborg,  the  faeft  fortified^  and  It%,ehoa  on  the  Ri- 
ver Stoer, 

Adolfb  of  Scbaumherg'm  the  Year  r  114.  (h}  Lotbarim  Emperor  and 
Duke  of  Saxony)  was  made  the  iirft  Earl  of  Hot/fein.  Molpb  the  laft 
Earl ;  of  which  Houfe  dying  without  liTue,  the  whole  Edate  fell  to 
Cbrifiiern,  Son  of  Theodorick  Earl  of  Oidenberg,  who  being  made  King 
of  tknmark,  prevailed  with  Frederick  the  third,  Emperor,  to  have  the 
whole  Ef^ate  erected  into  a  Dukedom,  1474.  and  by  this  means  uni- 
ted tf>  ^he  Crown  of  Dfww<»r4:^  the  Kings  thereof,  as  Dukes  of  HoU 
(hin,  being  counted  Princes  of  the  Empire  ;  though  they  neither  fend 
to  the  Imperial  Diets,  nor  contribute  to  the  publick  Taxes,  nor  ac- 
knowledge any  Subje<5lion  more  than  Titular:  Yet  fmce  this  uniting 
of  thefs  two  EOates,  the  Title  of  Duke  of  Holbein,  and  a  good  part 
of  the  Countrey,  was  in  a  manner  difmembred  from  the  Crown,  and 
given  to  Adoplb,  Brother  of  Chri^iern  the  Third.  Afterwards  ano- 
ther part  of  this  Countrey  was  beftowed  upon  Jobn,  Younger  Bro- 
ther to  Frederick  the  Second.  So  that  now  the  Houfe  of  Holjhin  is  di- 
video  i:  ito  three  principal  Branches,  whereof  the  King  of  Denmark  is 
the  Head,  and  (landing  ProteAor  of  the  firft  Branch  ;  The  other  two 
Branches  are  that  of  Hoilfteirt  Gottorp,  and  that  of  Holftein  Sunderburg, 
which  is  divided  into  four  Branches ;  fo  that  the  Dukes  of  Holfhin 
are  now  increafedto  a  great  number:  of  which  the  Duke  of  Holftein 
Gottorp  is  the  moft  confiderable ;  yet  was  greater  before  he  loft:  rhe 
King  of  Denmark  his  Brother- in-Law's  favour,  by  engaging  too  far 
with  the  Sivedefy  whereby  he  loft  to  the  King  his  Rights  of  Sove- 
raignty  over  the  Dukedonr  of  Slefwicky  and  has  little  or  nothing 
there  left  befides  hisCaftle  at  Gottorp.  And  in  Holflein  his  SubjeA  are 
under  Contribution,  whilft  himfelf  refides  at  Hamburg,  his  place  of 
refuge.     ^ 

Slefvicenjis  Ducatusy  SlefwickjOr  Hertzo^thumb,  Incolis,     •« 

TH  I S  is  that  part  of  Jw/Z^w^/which  lies  next  to  Hol/hin,  2nd  was 
firft  eredled  a  Dukedom  by  King  Eric  of  Denmark j  who  gave  ic 
to  iValdemar ;  but  Male-ilTue  failing,  ic  returned  to  the  Crown,  and 

I       '  was 


■««"■ 


}f  -V 


was  by  Margaret^  Queen  of  Denmarkf  Norway  aftd  Sweietty  conibrredt 
upon  Gff?r<»'^/  F^irl  of  Holfitm»  Aftcrwacd«  it  fell,  together  with  HoU 
fiein,  to  Chriftkrn  of  Oldenbmgh  King  of  Dennfarky  by  whom  it  was 
with  /ib//?w»  Incorp  jrated  in  that  Crown.  A  Country  which  once  in 
three  or  four  years  thf*  Inhabitants  let  the  Pools  overflow  the  Land, 
where  they  catch  plenty  of  Fifh,  and  the  Mud  inriches  the  Soil.  Its 
chief  Towns  are  SchUfwyck,  Skfuicumj  &  HeiMa,  te(h  Crantzio,  an 
Epifcopal  See,  and  Head  of  the  Dukedom,  Seated  on  the  River  Slea^ 
whichfalls  into  the  B<»/fic^5e/»;  where  it  hatha  conimodious  Haven. 
2.  Hufum,  Seated  on  the  KvJ&r  Eyder,  Fortified  with  a  Caftle.  3.  Ha- 
tkrs'lebetJi  Fortified  wi^h  the  Strong  C  ft!e  Hansherg.  4.  FUnshergy 
with  its  coffliftodiousand  deep  Port.  Between  Fknsberg  and  Slefwick 
is  a  Country  that  goes  by  the  name  of  Afigekn,  from  whence  En^nd 
had  its  firft  denomination  ever  fince  King  Egbert,  y.  The  Port  of 
Chri/litrv- pries,  now  Fortified  by  the  Fort  Frederick.  6.  Gortopj  a 
Sirong  Fort  or  Caftle^  th&Refidence  of  the  Duke  of  Holfiein,  ', .  Fre- 
Mrkkftadt  upon  the  Eydeti  built  by  one  of  the  late  Dukes,  int«nHing 
to  iiave  fet  up  a  Trade  of  Silk  there  j  to  which  pur  pole,  in  the  Year 
1633.  he  fern  afplendid  Embafly  into^  Mufcovy  dndPerjia,  whofe  Tra- 
vels are  defcnbed  by  0^<»r/«j.  .    ••    r,    •  V:  • 


Of  North  Juitland. 


>f. 


NOrth  Juitland  is  divided  Into  four  DiocefTes,  Ripeft,  Arthu^en, 
JlhouY^^  s^nd  iVibourg,  ^         -  :  , 

The  Dioccfs  of  Ripen  contains  feven  Walled  Towns,  and  ten  Ca^ 
&les;  its  --hief  places  are  Ripen^  an  Epifcopal  Sea,  Fortified^  with  a 
Caftle.  2.  Koldifig  I  tht  place  whete  Toll  is  paid  for  the  Cattel  that 
paflfes  that  way.  3,  Frederick  Odi,  or  Frederica,  lies  in  a  Scitua- 
tion  of  that  importance,  that  Charks  Gufiavm  having  taken  it  in  the 
Jate  Wars  16^7.  opened  himfelf  a  way  to  pafs  his  Army  over  the  ite 
into  all  ':ne  Neighbouring  Iflands,  and  to  alarm  Copenhagen  ;  an  khion. 
both  bold  and  unheard  of;  for  he  marched  his  Cavalry  and  his  Car- 
riages over  3  great  Arm  of  the  Sea,  where  ueforc  a  fing^  toot^man 
was  afraid  to  expofe  his  life 

The  Diocefs  of  Arthafiay  or  Arthufent  contains  feven  Cities,  and 
five  Caftles;  its  chief  places  are  Arthuftn,  a  well-freqeutcd  Port  5 
Kalla  a  ftrong  ^/jace,  Horfens  and  Renderen. 


The 


'-  iJiiptpH^cipewmppfiR^^ 


m^mnfm 


:riv 


Of  DefmarJc: 


'5^ 


The  Diocefi  of  PTthourg  hath  three  Ca(IIes,aii3  threcWalledTow^s; 
the  chief  is  ?flW^,  where  are  the  Courts  of  jfudlcature  for  all  ^hit-^ 

The  chief  Jflands  belonging  to  Denmark,  that  lie  difperfed  in  the 
Baltick  Sea  are,  Zdand,  Fionia  or  F«w»,  Alfen,  Arrot  or  <<4rw,  I,4x^* 
land,  Laland,  Falfier,  Mme,  Huen,  or  Wsen-Ifland,  and  Bornbolm, 

0/ /fe  Baltick  Sea. 

THIS  is  the  Sinus  Codanus  of  the  Ancients,  otherwife  called  Suc' 
vicum  Mare,  feu  Balticum.  Die  Belthy  or  Oofiz^e  Belgify  La  Mar 
Baltiaue  Gallit^  tVareZikovie  More,  RuJJis,  It  hath  three  feveral  paffages 
into  It  irom  the  Ocean,  all  of  th  tn  under  the  command  of  the  King 
of  Denmark ;  the  fafeft  and  moft  ufual  is  that  famous  Strait  called  the 
Fretum  Sundicum*  Le  Sund,  Gallis*  Straet  Vi'n  Sund,  Batavis.  Orefund, 
Danis.  The  Sound,  Anglis,  So  great  a  palTage,  that  there  often  fails 
200,  fometimes  300  Ships  through  in  one  day,  and  is  not  above  four 
miles  over  in  the  narroweft  place.  The  fecond  PafTage  or  Inlet  lies 
between  the  Ifland.s  oi Zeiand  and  Funen,  and  is  about  i6  miles  over, 
and  is  called  Beltfiund,  or  the  great  Belt.  The  third  paffage  is  between 
Funei^  and  Jutland,  not  above  eight  miles  over,  and  is  called  the  lelTer 
Belt.  ,  This  Sea  is  laid  by  Captin  Collings  to  be  Frelh  Water. 

0/  Zeland. 

Z  Eland,  of  old  Codanonia,  the  greateft  Ifland  of  the  Baltick  ^eas,  is 
fcituatenear  the  main  Lindoi Scbonen,  from  which  'tis  feparaced 
by  a  narrow  Strait,  about  four  mile:ovir ,  which  is  called  the  Sound : 
through  which  all  Ships  muft  pafs  that  have  any  Trade  or  Commerce 
in  thefe  Seas,  and  pay  a  Toll,  or  Impofition  to  the  King,  according 
to  their  bignefs,  or  Bills  of  Lading ;  by  v/hich  arifeth  his  greateft  Re- 
venue ;  And  for  the  fecurity  of  this  Paifage,  there  are  bailt  two  very 
ftrong  Caftle3,the  one  in  this  Ifle,  called  Cronenburg,  the  moft  delight* 
iul  Seat  in  the  World,  affording  a  profitable  and  pleafant  Profpec?  of 
all  Ships  that  Sail  through  the  Sound;  the  other  in  Schoncn,  or  Scan^ 
dia,  called  Elfenhurg.  In  the  Reign  of  Queen  Elizabetb  our  Ea/lland- 
Fleet  was  by  the  King  of  Denfttar kthratned  to  be  funk  in  cafe  they 
palTed  this  Sound,  or  Straits  of  £j/e»o»r ;  yet  they  made  rhe  Adventure, 
having  only  one  Man  of  War,  was.  the  Minion,  and  kept  their  courfe 
(  maugre  alloppoTition^  without  any  wound  received  )  forwards  and 
back  again.  .'  ../     .^    ^  >;.^       ;    ,;)'i...i 

-      1  a  The 


^i 


H 


m^^ 


noBn 


mm 


^0  W  ^'f'^^rk.        '      " 

The  chief  City  of  this  Ifl^ad^  is  Baphnia  Riehenhavett,  Danis, 
Koppenbagen  Ger.  Kopenhaven  Belg,Cop€nhage  Gal.  Copenhagen  AngL  the 
Metropolis  of  the  whole  Kin^'dotn,  fometime  the  ReficJence  of  the 
King,  a  Univerfity,Seated  near  theSeaiwith  a  good  Port,andfafe  Road 
for  Ships ;  Fortified  with  a  Strong  Caftle,  containing  one  of  the 
Faireft  Arfenals  in  Europe  j  wherein  is  a  Celejtial  Glok  fii  foot  Dia?- 
merer. 

Chrifiiern  the  Fourth  having  laid  the  Foundation  of  a  "Nei'T  3ity  in 
the  little  Ifland  of  Armager^  joined  it  to  the  old  by  a  Bridge,  and  cal- 
led it  by  the  Name  olChrifilerm  Haven ;  fo  that  now  it  is  divided  into 
two  parts ;  in  the  New  Town  is  the  Royal  Caftle,  the  Mint,  the  Ex- 
change, and  the  Arfenal  before-mentioned.  This  City  was  taken  by 
FreJerickj  Anno  1^12.  and  in  the  Year  in^*  ^ftera  years  Siege  it 
was  furrendred  to  Chrijliern  the  ^d.  The  Citizens  now  enjoy  the. 
greaceft  privilege  of  any  City  in  Europ", 

Refchildia,  RojchiUt,  is  the  Burying-place  of  the  Danijh  Kings.  Elfe» 
vour,  Eljimria,  is  near  to  the  (Irong  Caftle  and  Palace  of  Cronenhurg, 
the  Fortifications  whereof  was,  and  is  the  Key  of  the  Bahiek  Sea,  en- 
larged into  the  Sea  with  incredible  charge  and  pains  by  Frederickthe  id. 
The  Surrender  of  this  Caftle  to  the  Swedes  by  a  Stratagem,  Sept,  the 
6th,  i6^8.  was  like  to  have  loft  Copenhagen,  and  conlequently  the 
whole  Kingdom. 

Fredericks herg  is  a  Fortrgfs  built  in  a  pleafant  Plain,  oftentimes  the 
place  of  the  King's  retiremetjt;  butmoft  famous  for  that  folemn  inter- 
view and  Entertainment  that  happp^ied  between  the  late  Kings  ofSwe- 
den  and  Denmark  upon  the  Coh '''  Aon  and  Ratification  of  the  RofcbiUt 
Treaty.  Other  places  are  Kallenburg,  Rivftead.  Koge,  Korfoer  is  the 
place  where  King  Charles  of  Sweden  landed  his  Army  in  bis  Second 
Expedition  againll  Denmark,  Aug.  8.  i6y8.  five  Months  after  the  a- 
forefaid  Interview  of  the  two  Kings  at  Fredericksburg.  Neftwood.  Wa- 
rjngburg,  was  the  firft  place  where  the  King  of  Sweden  fet  his  Foot  in 
Zeland'm  his  firft  Expedition.  In  this  Ifland  are  reckoned  340  Vil- 
lages. 

The  Ifland  of  Fionia  or  Funen,  is  the  allignment  of  the  Prince  of 
Denmark  j  'tis  feated  between  Zeland  and  Juitland,  feparated  from  the 
firft  by  a  narrow  paffage  called  the  Belt ;  from  the  laft  by  a  narrower, 
called  Middle-far-jound.    'Tis  a  fertile  Soil,  and  pleafant  Situation. 

Its  chief  place  is  the  well-traded  0</f»/w,  an  Epifcopal  See,  for- 
merly the  Seat  of  the  General  Aifemblies  of  the  Kingdom,  now  kept 
at  Copenhagen:  adorned  with  two  fair  Churches,  and  neat  Buildings-; 
near  this  place  Count  Guldenkw,  the  Vice-roy  of  Norway,  wasoverta- 
••  ken 


^ 


..,'f 


^  ;;  Of  Denmark,  r,    "  (Jc 

Ken  iri  his  Coach  by  Charhi  King  of  Sweden  in  his  firft  Expedition. 
Other  Towns  are  MiMefare,  Swinbergy  with  feveral  other  good 
Towns,  four  Royal  Caftles,  and  264  Villages,  befides  Gentlemens 
Houfes. 

Mfen  is  a  fmall  Ifland  bslongingto  the  Dukedom  of  Skjwick,  whofe 
chief  place  is  the  Caftle  of  Sunderberg,  giving  Name  to  a  Branch  of 
the  Royal  Family,  the  Duke  of  Holfiein  Sunderberg,     ' 

Arroey  or  Ar'tay  is  a  fmall  Ifland  belonging  alfo  to  the  Duke  ofShf- 
wick. 

Langlandy  and  LaJandj  the  firft  is  the  largeft,  the  other  the  moft  plen- 
tiful inCornandChefnutsj  whofe  chief  place  liW^jAcai/,  a  Town  weti 
Fortified.*    '    ^  '  •    -  '  ^^     ;  y-'r-  .    : 

Falfter  is  a  fmall  Ifland  fertile  in  Corn,  its  chief  place  is  Nicopin,  of 
a  pleafant  fcituation,  called  the  Niipks  of  Denmark 

Mom  Ifle  is  about  twelve  miles  long,  and  fix  broad,  the  chief  place 
\sSteko,  where,  the  5xi^<?^//J^  Forces  found  a  greater  refiftance  than  in  any 
of  the  other  Iflands. 

Huen  or  Ween  is  remarkable  for  the  obfervations  of  that  famous 

The  Ifland  of  Bomholtr-  was  granted  to  the  Crown  of  Sweden  bx  tne 
late  Treaty  of  Peace ;  but  fince,  the  Dmes  have  exchanged  it  for  an 
equivalent  propriety  of  certain  Lands  in  Scbonen. 

Crofs  we  now  over  the  Sounds  and  take  notice  of  the  other  part  of 
this  Kingdom*,  which  lieson  the Eaft  Continent,  called  Scandiaj  under 
whicli  general  Name  it  contains  i1>e  whole  Kingdom  oi Norway,  the 
greater  part  of  th'e  Kingdom  or  Sweden,  id  fome  ip^rtoi  Penmarh 
That  which  did  belong  to  Denmark^  isdivjcJed  into  three  Provinces, 
HaUand,  Schcnen,  and  Bltk'mg,  now  under  the  King  of  Sweden,  by  the 
Rofcbih  Treaty ;  yet  here  tnentioned,  becaufe  the  places  in  the  Map 
are  more  plainly  feen,  than  in  the  Map  of  Sweden.  -     * 

HaQand  is  a  Province  for  fertility  of  Soil,  fweeetnefsdf  Air,  ftbre  of 
Fifh,  plenty  of  Lead  and  Brals  Mines,  fcarce  inferior  to  any  ;  its  chief 
places  are  IVansbourg^  Laholm,  Helmfht,  Falkevburg,  and  Tvrkow. 

Scbonen  is  the  pleafanteft  Countrey  in  aW  Denmark,  moft  abundant 
in  friiits,  and  flioals  of  Herrings;  its  chief  places  are  Lmden,  the  Me- 
tropolitan Archbiftioprick  of  Denmark,  with  its  famous  Dial,  where 
the  Year,  Month,  Week,  Day  and  Hour  throughout  the  Year,  asalfo 
the  Motions  of  the  Sun  and  Moon  through  eachDejireeofthe  7jodi:cky 
the  moveable  and  fixed  Feafts,  &c.  are  diftinAly  feen,  being  finely  a- 
dorned,  andfet  forth  in  variety  of  delightful  Colours.  Other  placesare 
Htl/iftgoburgam,  or  Elfinborcb,  fortified  with  an  impregnable  Caftle,  and 

one 


WWPPBT" 


.  iii»;«;)jiMi,iij4.iu..  mi^n 


^  (Jft  Of  Norw^i 

one  of  the  Forts  defending  the  Smnd  over-againft  Cfonenhurg,  Lanfcroof/i 
>  Corona-Scama,  Malmogia,  or  Elhogen,  Tillhurp  Wfied,  Walltlfurg,  Sim^ 
ptm-'baveny  And  Chifiiernfiadt,  or  Cbrifiiern^aoff .  ^  <:'    ^ 

JBleking  is  mountainous  and  barren ;  its  chifeff  places  are  Cbrifiian<h 
fie,  Abuys,  Sdborgf  Ellholm,  Rotenby,  and  CareU'baven,  often  mentioned 
-  in  the  late  Wars. 

Denhtark  hath  been  an  Hereditary  Kingdoin  ever  /ince  the  year 
1660,  for  fcwfore  it  was  Eleiftive  ;  fo  the  Nobility  do  not  enjoy  thofe 
Privileges  which  they  did  before. 

The  Kingftiles  himfelf.  Earl  of  Oldenburg  and  Delmefiherjl,  as  being 
the  Eighth  King  of  that  Houfe,  to  which  (he  Crovya  of  Denmark  feU 
in  the  year  1448,  by  the  Eledion  oiCbrifiiem  the  firft  j  and  is  to  this 
day  in  their  pofTeflion. 

The  Opinion  of  I«//&cr  hath  been  entertained  in  I>^?ww/le7erlince 
theReign  of  Frederick  the  firft,  who  was  Ele<3:ed  Jm^o  lyz;,  fo  that 
there  are  two  Archbifhops,  and  thirteen  Biftiops  fcr  Denmark, 

The  Forces  of  this  Kingdom  may  be  known  by  their  former,  and 
«!0v;  late  Undertakings  againft  the  Swedes ;  by  which  it  appears,  that 
they  can  raife  a  ftrong  power  at  Sea,  and  make  good  Levies  atCand^ 
forde  fence  of  their  own  I^om^/iicK^/. 
>  ,  The  Revenue  of  this  King  confifts  thiefly  in  the  great  Impoft  laid 

upon  all  Ships  whidh  pafs  through  the  Sound,  which  is  the  Key  of  the 
Baltick ;  alfo  in  fome  Crown- Lands,  a  great  yearly  Toll  made  of  the 
Cattel ;  as  alfo  of  the  Fi(b  tranfpof  ted  into  other  Countries. 


'i'v 


their  Words  and  Contrads,  good  Soldiers  both  at  Sea  and  Land. 
The  Women  are  fair^  difcreet,  and  courteous,  fruitful  of  Children. 
The  Danifli  Ladies  love  hunting,  and  more  freely  entertain  at  their 
Tables^  than  in  their  Bpds,  thofe  that  come  to  vifit  them. 
"For  great  Captains  and  men  of  War,  it  is  famous ;  ior  Godfrey ,  ot 
Gotrims,  who  endangered  the  Empire  of  France  ;for  Siveno  andCanu- 
r«^,  the'Conquerors  of  England.  For  men  of  Learning,  Tycbo  Brabe  the 
Prince  of  Aftronomersy  Hemmgimsi  Learned  Divine,  BertboUnma  Phyfi- 
cian  and  Philofopher,  Jobn  Ckverins  the  Hiftorian  and  Geographer. 


v^l    .,     •;     r;^f.t^»^f^    Vy    ^t'^r/.j   fvo^n-T. 


'■>■. 


"}'■'.  •*  ^ 


.i=^.i>>f" '■  .■■■■■■      ' 


Of 


-Of  ik  KiMGDOM  of  NORWAY.^ 


►>/f 


'->V^^' 


NOrvegia,  Lat.  Nerigos  VlifhNorway^Afigl  contains  the  Weftern  part  of 
the  Fenhfula  of ScandinaviaythQ  £a(tern  part  being  part  of  ^afc'iji/e- 
land.  A  long  ridge  of  mountains  making  the  reparation,  leaving  Nor- 
way toward  the  Oceattf  and  Sweddand  toward  the  Baltick  Sea.  From 
hence  are  tranfported  Train-Oyl^  Pitch,  Stock-fift,  Mafis  for  Ships, 
Deal-hards.  The  Coaft  of  Norway,  tho  of  a  large  extent,  has  few 
good  Ports,  by  reafon  of  thefmall  IJlands  and  Rocks  that  inviron  it,  and 
the  Gulf  of  Maelftroom  which  fwallows  and  endangers  all  the  Ships 
that  come  nigh  it.  Herhinius  tells  us,  that  this  Northern  Cbaribdts  or 
For  ago,  by  the  Inhabitants  Moskeftroom,  is  forty  miles  in  extent.  Kir^ 
c/&«r  faith  'tis  thirteen  miles  in  Circumference;  that  it  hath  a  motion 
afcending  and  defcending  fix  hours,  by  fucking  in  waters,  and  as 
many  throwing  them  forth  again.  That  part  which  lyes  toward  the 
Pole,  is  full  of  Forefts  and  Mountains,  wherein  there  arcfomefew 
Mines  of  Copper  and  Iron.  In  the  year  ^646,  w  ^  difcovered  near 
Opfiow  or  Alijlo,  a  Mine  of  very  good  Gold,  which  gave  the  Inhabi- 
tants occafion  to  fay,  that  they  had  got  the  Northern  Indies,  But  that 
Boaft  endured  no  longer  than  the  Mine,  which  prefently  vaniflied  for 
fear  of  being  riflbd. 

0/?/7o,  Anjloye  Gallts,  the  Attfloga  of  old,  it  was  burnt  down  in  the> 
time  o^Chrtfi-iern  theFourth  ILingdi Denmark,  and  fince called C/&r/y?w- 
na ;  'tis  a  Biibop*s  '^qq.  Aggerbad  is  a  Cattle  near  to  it,  full  North  from 
Seagen,  th?  mott  Northern  pomtoi  Jutland.  Stafanger  is  a  Sea-Town, 
with  a  good  Port,  near  which  is  t\\Q¥oxt  Doe swick.  There.is  the  Herb 
Ojjifraga  of  Norway,  which  (haps  the  bones  of  Cattel  that  tread  upon 
it.  Eaft  of  Drontbeim  lies  the  Countrey  of  Jemperland,  formerly  part  of 
Nor7vay,but  was  by  the  Treaty  of  Bromsbroo,  Anno  164^,  yielded  to 
the  Swedes,  to  whom  it  is  ftill  fubje£t. 

This  Kingdom  has  five  Governments,  with  as  many  Caflles,  Bahus, 
Aggerhus,  Bergen-b/fs,  Drontbem-bus,  and  Ward-bus.  That  of  Bahus, 
with  a  Cattle  of  the  fame  name  upon  a  Rock,  was  delivered  to  the 
Swedes  by  the  Treaty  of  Rofchtlt ;  Bergbeuh  the  better  City,  the  feat  of 
the  Viceroy,  with  a  new  Fort  called  Fredertshburg ;  and  ;i  Port  into 
which  Veffels  have  an  eafier  entrance,and  where  they  are  fafefroni  the 
Winds,  by  reafon  of  the  high  Mountains  which  inviron  it :  The  Mer- 
chants of  the  H.tns'Towns  have  there  a  Houfe  and  a  Magizine.  Dron'- 
them,  in  Latin  Nidrojta,  the  Court  of  the  ancient  Kings  ofNmi^ay,  is 

very 


m 


Of  Nomtj. 


t« 


f '- ' 


very  muuh  fallen  to  decay,  yet  it  ftill  retains  the  Title  of  an  Arclibi- 
fhoprfck,  andthe  remains  of  orte  of  thefaireft  and  moft  magnificent 

•  Churches  of  the  JVbr/A.  Ships  ride  fafe  in  the  Harbour,  Ijut  they  ttiuft 

•  have  very  good  Pilots  to  carry  them  in.  Here  the  People  make  a  kind 
of  Bread  of  Barly-meal,  and  Oats,  which  they  bake  between  two 
hollow  Fiint-ftones,  which  Bread  keeps  thirty  or  forty  years.  The  Nor- 
wegtanssxQ\\it\t  fubjeift  to  ficknefs;  and  of  fuch  a  Conftitution,  that 
when  they  are  in  a  Fever,  one  ftice  of  Bacon  does  them  xnore  good 

■  than  a.  poached  Egg :  Their  great  inclination  to  Sorcery,  makes  them 
have  their  reputation  of  Selling  the  Winds  to  the  Seamen. 

Finmark,  which  makes  part  of  Lapland,  advances  into  the  Frigid 
Zetie,  fo  that  day  or  night  continues  alternately  for  feveral  Months  to- 
gether. The  Inhabitant's  claim  nothing  of  Property,  but  take  the  firft 
place  that  pleafes  them;  here  to  day,  in  another  place  to  morrOw.They 
live  upon  Fifi,  and  Huntivg,  and  only  pay  an  acknowledgment  of  cer- 
tain Skins  to  the  King  of  Denmark,  and  carry  their  Filh  to  Berghen.ThQ 
C2Si\Q  Qi  IVardhw,  with  a  Borough  of  goo  Houfes,  the  moft  Nor- 
thernly  of  the  whole  Continent,  is  in  the  middle  of  a  little  Ifland, 
where  it  ferves  only  to  force  the  payment  of  cettain  duties  from  thofe 
that  Traffick  to  Arch- Avgel'm  Mofcovy.  The  Haven  is  in  the  Wellern 
part  of  the  Ifland,  which  Is  feparated  from  the  Land  by  an  arm  of  the 
Sea,  about  a  Quarter  of  a  League  broad,  through  which  the  Ships  make 
Sail,  and  the  places  adjoining  are  not  fo  fubjed  to  the  Ice,  as  other 
parts  of  the  fame  Sea.  '-'  M,  .  '■■"'" 

AstoT  the  Norwegians,  we  have  not  read  of  them  in  any  ancient  Au- 
thor ;  both  Name  and  Countrey  feem  more  lately  to  have  been  given 
from  their  Northern  Scituation,  uniting  with  the  Danes  and  Swedes; 
they  were  better  known  in  the  time  of  the  French  Empire,  by  the  name 
of  Normans;  under  which  appellation  in  the  time  of  CW/^/  the  Sim- 
fk,  they  got  the  Province  of  Normandy  conferred  on  RoUo  the  firft 
Duke  thereof.  Anno  912;  afterwards  fetling  in  their  own  Countrey, 
they  were  called  Norwegians,  from  their  Northern  Situation ;  Govern- 
ed by  their  own  Kings  till  their  final  Subjugation  by  the  D<«w<ri,which 
was  by  means  of  the  Marriage  of  Hat^uin  the  laft  Prince  oi  Norway, 
unco  Margaret  Queen  of  Denmark,  Norway,  and  Sweden,  a  fecond  Se- 
miramis  in  the  Hiftory  of  thofe  times ;  who  having  once  got  footing 
in  Norway,  fo  aflured  themfelves  of  it,  that  they  have  ever  fince  po£ 
feffed  it  as  a  Tributary  Kingdom,  fo  that  now  Norway  and  Denmark 
are  both  fellow-Subjeds  under  the  fame  Kin^. 

The  Commodities  that  thefe  Kingdoms  afford,  are,  Fifh,  Hides,  Tal^ 
kw^  Pitchy  Tar^  Cordagt,  Mafis,  Fir'Boards,  Wainfcot,  6cQ* 

0£ 


■■^■ 


';l^ 


Tn  E  Manarchy  of  Suevonia,  or  Suecia  Lat.  Sweden  heolis,  Siude 
Gal.  SuetU  Ital.  by  the  Poles,52iu;.'c/^,  ^n^  Sz,wi:dz.ka>Ztemta,  is 
the  moft  ancient  in  Europe,  if  it  be  true  that  it  has  had  above  a  hun- 
dred  ana  fifty  Km^r,  and  thit  the  firft  among  them  was  the  Son  ot  . 
7^^'one  of  the  S;>ns  of  N.ab,  Perhaps  forthis  ^^^jj -f  V^ 
at  the  Council  of  Bajil  a  Sw:i^^  BilKop  had  t\p  confidence  to  demand 


.     ^'i!'. 


.*■■ 


ttmmmm 


"mi 


■JC' '. 


>> .  {\'  «' 


66  Of  SmdeUnd, 

of  the  Prefidents  the  precedljncy  before  all  the  uilhops  df  Chri^endam. 
Some Hiftorians  begin  to  reckdn the  Kingsof  Sweden  fl-^i^i  Jernmnkuj; 
and  d^niQuftrace  to  ui,  thattb«  K\t\g6om  W4$  Eledive  till  the  Reign 
oiGufiavus  dii  Fa/ay t  or  Ericus^  who  made  it  Hereditary  to  his  Family^ 
iij  the  year  1 5-44  ;  and  at  the  fame  time  put  down  the  koman-Catbolkk 
Religion  to  embrace  the  Lutheran  Do^rine ;  under  this  pretence  of 
Religion,  Charles  the  Ninth  of  Sudermania^  deprived  his  Nephew  Si- 
^;/w«W of  his  Crown,  who  had  been  the  i:^tb  Eledive  King  of  P<j- 
/rt»rt?ofchat  Name.  In  the  Reign  of  this  Emperor  Charles  t'he  Great, 
we  find-  them  to  have  been  a  Free  State,  different  from  that  of  the 
Ddiwf;,  entertaining  then  Harieldus^nd  Ragenfridusy  Kings  of  that  Na- 
tion, driven  out  by  the  Sons  of  Gotericus.  In  Reign  of  Sweno  the 
Firft,  and  Canutus  the  Great,  they  were  fubje<5l  to  the  Danes.^y  Queen- 
Margaret  about  the  yean  587,  theywereagain  fubdued  to  the  D.mi^.  ' 
yoke ;  after  long  Wars  fundry  defedions  and  recoveries,  not  fully 
delivered  until  the  year  if 25".  freed  by  Gufiavus  aforefaid,  and  ever 
fmce  commanded  by  Princes  of  their  own  Nation.  The  ancient  Inha- 
bitants of  this  Nation  are  fuppofed  to  be  the  Smones,  or  Sitones  of  Ta-  '- 
€itus.  Inhabiting  the  greater  Scandia  of  Vtol.  by  Aimonius  called  the^ 
Suemesy  in  his  j\Stb  and  10 17?  Chap.  By  Jornanis  de  Rehus  Geticis,  the 
Suetbict  it  this  day ;  by  long  corruption  the  Sued,  giving  name  ta  the 
Countrey  now  called  Suetia,  or  Suedeland,  extended  for  a  great  fpace 
of  Land  betwixt  the  Baltick  and  the  Frozen  Seas. 

The  King  of  Swedeland  ftiles  himfelf  King  of  the  Swedes,  Goths,  Van-^ 
dais.  Great  Prince  of  Pmland,  Duke  of  Eftonia  and  Carelia,  Lord  of 
Ipgria;  and  bears  in  his  Arms  three  Crowns.  The  prefent  King  is. 
Charles  the  Eleventh,  of  the  Family  of  the  Palatine  of  De«x  Vonts.  ^he 
Goths  and  Vandals  are  famous  in  Hiftory  for  their  ConqueOs ;  So  have 
the  Swedes  been  in  the  laft  Age  through  the  Valour  of  their  late 
Kings,  and  their  Conquefts  they  have  made  upon  their  Neighbours, 
which  had  made  them  almoft  Mafters  of  the  Baltick. 

The  Peace  at  Bromsbroo  near  Cbrifiiample,  Anno  1645',  obliged  the 
"King  ofDenmarkto  reft"ore  yempterland  indfierendallto  the  Swedes^nd 
to  furrender  him  the  IQands  of  Gotland  and  Oejtl  to  perpetuity,  with 
the  Province  of  H«iiy4»</ for  thirty  years. 

The  Peace  of  Roskil  near  Cofenhagen,  i6f8,  furrendred  Haltant 
wholly  to  the  Swedes,  together  with  Sehonen,  Blekhg,  ^nd  the  IflaiMl 
efBornholw,  (wliich  afterwards  returned  to  the  Danes  by  exchange  o£ 
other  Lands)  the  Fortrefs  of  Bahus,  and  the  Bailiwick  of  Dronthem^ 

The  Peace  at  Copeii^agen  1^660,  confirms  the  Treaty  of  ^oskilyCs^x^t: 
for  the  Bailiwick,  of  £Nto/^rm,  andacquires  the  liland  of^^xt. 


'  ..*-' 


o^aitmihii^' 


Sr 


The  AcquKicionsof  the  Swtdt  from  the  Empire  by  the  Peace  o^Mim-^ 
fter,  were  the  Dutchy  of  Lower  Fmerama,  and  in  the  Uffn-Stetiriy  Gartz, 
Dam  and  Gohait,^  Iflahd  -  and  Prinopalit^  of  JSi^ey;,  the  Ifles  and 
Mouths  of  Otiei^ ;  the  Dukedoms  6f  Bri^fhix\d  Ferelen ;  The  City  5/^- 
more,  and  part  xAMfmar,  TVtldbufe^  iij  WtfifbaUa,  the  priviledgc  to  at- 
tempt the  reft  of  Vomerania,  and  the  new  Marquifate  of  Brandenburgb, 

The  Treaty  of  Ohva  near  Danizkk,  1660,  was  fo  advantageous  to 
this  Kingdom,  that  ^he  King  of  Poland  there  utterly  renounced  the  Ti- 
de of  Kmg  dSoi/edeland  for  the  future;  and  confented  that  Livonia 
from  thenceforth  fliould  be  Hereditary  to  the  Crown  of  Sweden.This 
was  intended  of  Livonia  upon  the  North  of  the  River  Duna,  where 
only  Dunemburib  was  rcferv'd  to  the  Crown  of  Voland,  according  to 
the  Truce  made  at  Stumfdorffor  26  years.  Anno  163  f. 

The  Peace  withA^^/irflv/  reftor'd  to  Sweden 's\\th^t  the  Grand  Duke 
bad  taken  in  L« www. ,  '        '  s^ 

The  Kingof  5w^//<»  pretends  to  theSucceffion  of  Ckvessitidjuliers, 
by  Title  from  his  Great  Grand- father  Jobn  Duke  of  Deux  Fonts,  who 
Married  Magdalene  the  thirteenth  Sifter  to  Duke  John-Wtlliam, 

In  the  Eftates  of  this  Kingdom,  the  Countrey-men  make  a  Cor- 
poration, or  Body,  as  well  as  the  other  Orders. 

Swedeland  contains  that  part  of  Scandinavia,  which  is  the  beft,  as  ly« 
ing  toward  the  Eafi.  The  cold  Weather  is  there  very  long,  and  fome- 
times  very  bitter;  however  the  Inhabitants  do  not  (o  much  make  ufe 
of  Furs,  as  they  do  in  Germany;  they  only  wear  Night-Caps,  Woollen- 
Gloves,  Juft-a-corps,  and  make  great  Fires  of  Wood,  wiih  which 
they  are  well  ftored.  •,  v^V;     "\^  ""^-^{Z'-' 

There  are  fo  few  Sick  Peoj^Je  aii^bttg  tWM^  that  T by f  dans  and  Afothe- 
emeshvfQ  little  or  no  PraAice.  The  Inhabitants  are  equally  Rich,  and 
their  greateftRevenue  confifts  in  Coffer,  whence  the  moft  part  of  the 
Europeans  fttch  it,  to  make  their  fmall  Money,  their  Cannon,  and  their 
Bells,  The  Cit\'  of  Stockbolm  sAonc  has  in  the  Caftle  above  800  Pieces 
of  Great  Artillery ;  and  it  is  believed,  that  in 'all  the  Kingdom  therd 
are  above  80000.  Upon  review  of  the  Militia  made  1661,  fourfcore 
thoufand  men  were  Muftered  in  Arms. 

Tl^s  Countrey  being  fo  full  of  Mountains  and  Woods,affords  very 
little»'Corn ;  fo  that  in  times  of  Scarcity  the  Poor  are  forced  to  eat 
Yery?bad  Bread.  The  Commodities  of  the  Countrey,  'bofides  Copper, 
are  Butter,  Tallow,  Hides,  Skins,  Pitcb,  Rojin,  Timber,  and  Boards. 
The  Cities  are  very  fubjedto  Fire,  in  regard  the  Houfes  are  all  built  of 
Wood.  The  Lakes  and  Gulfs  are  more  conddffable  than  the  Rivers  : 
Nor  is  there  any  trade  but  upon  the  Coafts, where  there  is  no  venturing 

K  2  without 


"A-    '*• 


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^,'-:-,^T 


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VMMlf 


iiij^iiifMP.i«  mii^iin  I 


"fi^m 


6t 


Ofifm^lmd.^ 


withoat  a  Pilot,  becaofeof  the  great  unmber  of  Rockt.  The  la 
there  is  fo  thick,  that  Waggons  go  rafely  upon  it.  In  other  places^ 
the  Snpw  affords  rhcin  the  CoQvpniency  of  Travelling  in  Sledgesi 
The  Horfesare  fir  for  War;  for,  Bcfide^that  they  are  ear?ky  kept, and 
rardy  lick,,  they  are  wcU  ufed  to  the  Road  j  they  carry  their  Rider 
fwimining,  they  readily  take  wide  Ditches,  they  are  Couragious  and 
Ntmbje;  and  will  aifaii  the  Enemy  of  their  Rider  with  their  HeeFs 
and  Tccih  both  together.  •        •. 

Undiv  the  Nfiaic  of  Smy</«» are  comprehended  the  Countries  of  Go-' 
tkta,  Su'-citf-prppr^a  J  Bothnia^  Lapponia^  Suecia  Finlandiay  hgria^  and 
Livonia  :  wherein  is  cotitained  ^  f  Provinces  (befidss  the  Acquifitions     • 
aflnerafd)  wherehi  Reriius  reckoneth  1400  Parifhes:  The  two  firft 
toward  the  Weft,  and  the  three  iaft  toward  the  Eaft ;  the  Gulf  of  Fi»-  - 
/ii«A  between  them  both. 

Gotbia,  or  GothlanJy  whether  fo  called  from  the  Gtf?i6i,  cr  falfly  af- 
fedi  14  thjt  more  glorious  Name,  cannot  well  be  known,  is  divided 
into  Of  ro  Gothland,  and  H^eftro-Gotbland '.  And  thofe  that  conquered 
Spain  WCTQ  C9\\tA  y'i/igotbs. .  ^  ■■  ' ' 

ChieF  places  in  Ofiregotb,  or  Eafl-Gothland,  are  Calmaria,  Calmer  in 
Sfftalandta  \s  a  ftrong  City,  and  commodious  Port ;  the  pla^c  where 
the  Swedes  ufually  (ct  5ail  for  Germany  and  Denmark,   The  Cittadel 
there  is  as  highly  efteemed  in  thefe  Northern  ^parts,  as  that  of  Millain  \ 
in  the  South.    Norcopiay  J^oreoping,  is  full  of  Copper- Forges,  which  af- 
fords Cannon  to  moft  of  the  Europeai/s,    Lincoping  a  BiAiop's  See, 
where  OUus  Magnus  was  born,  is  remarkable  for  the  Viftory  of  Cbariet 
o(  Sudermaniaf  afteiwards  King  of  Sweden,  Pf^ad/hin,  Jeatcd  on  the 
Lake  Veter-fVefierwick^  as  commodioufly  kv  ihzBaltick  Sea :  To  thele  :^ 
wevmay  add  Bofkbolm  UTpoii  the  Ifland  Oe/^W;  and  ^isby  upon  the     ji' 
{Hsind  Gothland. 

Wejt-GothlanJ  is  divided  into  three  parts;    i^.  Wefirc!^otb ,  vihof^Q 
chief  places  are  Gotheburgum^  Gotbeborg^ov  Gtittenhorg,  where  King  Charles 
the  IXth  died ;  it  is  a  New  Tpwn  and  Port  upon  the  mouth  of  the 
Wenar  Lake  j  Scara  is  a  Biihoprick.    idly  Dalia,  whofe  chief  Town 
\s  Dakborgy  a  fair  Town  well  fortified  with  a  ftrong  Caflle.  ^dly,  Ver-  ^-"V 
melandia^  whofe  chief  place  is  Carolfiade  upon  the  Not  th  part  of  ^^We-     .' 
par  Lake,  is  noted  for  its  abundance  of  Brafs.    Kallandy  Scm^^nd^/ 
^/t^jfeiw^,  we  have  already  treated  of  in  Dfwwijv/fe.  ^BJ^ 

Succnia,  Suecia  propria^ or  Swedelqnd,  communicates  its  Name  to  the 
other  Provinces  of  ^his  Kingdom  j  which  is  divided  into  10. parts  or 
Provinces,  viz.  Upland,  in  which  Stockholm y  or  Holmia^  is  the  Capital 
City,  accommodated, with  a  Royal  Caltte,  and  a  Sea-Port  at  the 

^  —  :-A.;    ,:-.-.•  -^v-;;.i.-..' ^,'\:;         Mouth   • 


-•■< 


^-   !► 


Of  SvitMuU. 


^9 


'Mouth  of  the  Lake  Mtler^  which  they  formerly  had  a  Deflgn  to  have 
cut  into  the ^(m«r- Lake,  to  have  joined  the  Baitiek »nd  theOcean  toge- 
ther, fo  to  fpoil  the  paflage  of  the  Sound,    This  fVener-Likt  is  (aid  to 
receive  24  Rivers,  and  disburthen  it  felf  at  one  mouth  with  fuch  noife 
and  fury,  that  it  is  called  the  Devih-Mouth,    This  City  is  far  better 
furnilh'd  than  it  was  before  the  War  with  Germany,  In  the  year  1641. 
they  began  to  ftraighten  the  ^tieets,  and  build  their  Houfes  Uniform. 
The  Harbour  is  very  Secure,  fo  that  a  Ship  may  ride  there  without  an 
Anchor ;  but  the  Tower  Waxholme  on  the  one  fide,  and  Digna  on  the 
other  fide,  do  fo  command  the  Entrance,  that  no  Ships  can  come  in, 
or  go  out  againft  the  Governour's  will,  who  keeps  Guard  there.    It 
has  three  Channels,  which  carry  the  VelTels  between  certain  Iflands 
and  Rocks,    The  King's  Ships  lie  at  Elfenafe :  Upfala  Uvfal^  Defend- 
ed by  a  great  Caftle ;  there  is  the  Metropolitan  Churcn,  where  the 
Kings  are  ufually  Crowned,  and  where  formerly  they  kept  their 
Courts.    The  City  is  adorned  with  an  Univerfity,  and  the  moft  Re- 
markable Marts  in  all  thofe  Quarters.    The  Cathedral  has  been  a 
Stately  Building,  as  they  fay,  lin'd  or  as  it  were,  Wainfcoted  with- 
in with  Gold,  and  'covered  with  Copper.    The  2d  Province  is  i'Wfr- 
ntavia ,  whofe  chief  Town  is  Niccpngy  a  Maritine  Town  of  good 
Strength,  and  Strengues  a  Bifhop's  See.     3d  is  Nericia,  whofe  Chief 
Town  IsOreho,    4th  is  Wefimaniaf  Chief  Town  is  Arofia,  n^w  ^e- 
fterrss  ;  rich  in  Silver  Mines,     yth,  Gefiriciaj  Chief  Town  is  Gevalia. 
6th,  Dalecarlia,  Chiei  Town  is  Idra  towiids  Norway.     7th,  Helfingiay 
Chief  Town  HudwickswaU,  Seated  on  the  Sinus  Hotbnicm,     8th,  A/e- 
</J;><»</w,  Chief  Town  Selatigar.    ^thj  Jemptia,  whofe  Chief  Town  is. 
v^.w.     1  oth f  Angermania,  Chief  Town  is  Hermfandon  the  Gulf. 

Bothnia'n  twofold,  •u/iJS.  i.  Oc<;identalts. idly  ,Cajania, or  Bothnia  Oriev- 
talu'yis  divided  into  five  parts  or  Countries^  viz.  KimijTomiajMhjVitbn 
and  Urna^  on  the  North  and  Weft.  Then  Cajcnkrg,  Quia  and  IV^^ fa, 
or  Mujlafar  on  the  Eaft  of  the  Bothnia  Gulf  ;  in  the  midft  of  whofe 
Entrance  lieth  a  great  number  of  Iflands,  thechief  of  whichisv^/.jw^i-^. 

Laponia  Sueaa,  or  Lapland,  which  belongs  to  the  King  o£  Sweden, 
has  only  certain  Habitations  that  bear  the  Names  of  their  Rivers.  The 
Laponers  are  very  fmall,  the  tall  ft  not  being  above  four  foot  high;  ne- 
verthelefs,  formerly  Six  hundicd  of  them  put  to  the  Rout  above  an 
Hundred  ihoufand  Mojccvites  that  came  to  Invade  them.  They  wear  , 
no  other  habits  but  Skins  ;and  when  they  are  Young,  they  fo  inure 
themfelves  to  the  Cold,  that  afterwards  they  eafily  endure  it,  without 
any  Clothes.  T^ey  have  neither  Woollen  nOrLinnen;  only  they 
have  pieces  of  Copper,  which  they  call  Chipponi,  which  they  exchange 

tot 


# 


/"i 


1 ' 


-(^ 


70  Of  SiHitUttd. 

for  NecelTarlesi  They  have  neither  Bread,  nor  Corfij  nor  ttM\t,  nor 
Herbs,  nor  Wine,  nor  Cattel,  nor  Butter,  nor  Eggs,  nor  Milk,  nor 
other  Supportsof  life.  But  they  have  no  want  oF  Watef :  And  they 
have  a  kind  of  Wild  Deer,  which  are  very  fwifc,  the  Flefli  whereof 
they  live  upon.  iThere  is  a  fecond  part  of  Laponia  in  Denmark^  and  « 
third  in  Mufcovy*  The  Mount  Enaraki  has  three  apartments  of  Lodg* 
ing  for  the  Deputies  6f  the  three  Nations. 

Finmniafeu  Finnia,  FinlanJ,  is  a  Dutchy,  which  (bme  Kings  of  SweJe^ 
land  were  wont  to  affign  for  their  Brothei's  Portion.  It  is  divided  in- 
to fix  parts  or  Divifions,  ift,  5tfW4?R,whofe  chief  places  are  N/fiot  and 
Kexboim,  taken  by  Vontus  dt  taGiS^it^yi^ii^^  Lake  Ladoga,  idly,  ta^ 
v<3|/?/4,  whofe  chief  places  are  Tavafthui,  or  Crontburg.  jdly,  North- 
FindlanJ,  whofe  chief  place  is  Biomborgb,  4th,  South- Finland,  Qiief 
Town  is  Aboy  a  Bifhop's  See,  at  the  mouth  of  the  River  AurojakL 
fth,  Nilandy  whofe  chief  place  is  Borg9i  a  place  of  good  Strength. 
|6th,C4fe//<7,  whofe  chief  place  is  fVyborgfOxriburgbji  chargeable  Fortrefs. 

Iffgria,  'vtdgo  Ingerland,  by  the  Ru^Mn$  IJera,  was  taken  from  the 
Mujcnvites  hy  Treaty  in  the  Year  1617.  It  is  but  fmall,  but  confi- 
derable  for  the  Chace  of  Elkes,  and  for  the  Situation  of  the  ftrong 
"Eovtoi  Noteburg,  in  the  midft  of  a  great  River  at  the  Mouth  of  the 
Lake  Ladoga.  Caraldorod  by  the  Ruffes,  This  Garifon  was  taken  by 
the  Swedes,  all  the  Soldiers  within  being  deftroyed  by  a  Distemper 
that  took  them  in  the  mouth,  and  hindred  them  from  eating.  Other 
places  are  Iwanogorod,  and  Coporio. 

Th^Mountains  that  part  Norway  zxaiSweden^Tthy  Ortelim  called  the 
DoffrmiMontes,SevoMontes,ofPlift,iCCOiintcdioo  miles  in  length,andnow 
in  various  places  havedivers  Names,  notmuch  material  hereto  mention. 

The  Commodites  of  this  Country  are  Copper,  Lead,  Brafs  and  Irort, 
Ox-Hidesy  Goats  and  Buckskins ,  Tallow,  Furs,  Honey,  AUom  and  Com. 

The  Inhabitants  naturally  firong,  adive  and  ftout  Soldiers ;  indu- 
ftrious,  laborious,  ingenious,  and  courteous  to  Strangers.  The  Wo- 
men difcreet  and  modeft. 

The  Chriftian  Faith  was  firft  planted  here  by  Au^garim  Archbifhop 
o^  Bremen,  the  general  Apoftleof  the  North. 

The  Forces  of  Sweden  are  very  powerful,  being  able  to  put  to  Sea 
more  than  100  Sail  of  Ships,  and  into  the  Field  forty  or  fifty  thou- 
(and  of  Hor(e  and  Foot. 

And  for  dedding  of  Contcoverfies,  &c.  every  Territory  hath  its 
Vifcount,  every  Ptdvince  its  Lamen,  every  Pariih  its  Lanas'tnan,  or 
Conful;  and  there  Seth  an  Appeal  from  the  Confu|to  the  Lay-men, 
and  from  the  Lay-mek  to  the  Vifcount,  and  from  the  Vifcount  to  the 
vKing,  who  alone  decideth  the  fame.  Tefie  Sanfot,  Livonia, 


OfSwiditdttd 


r^ 


Livonia  Germ,  or  Uflantlty  if  divided  into  two  parts,  vi*.  Eftbmia^ 
or  Efttn  on  the  North  ,  and  ptlanMay  Leit bland,  or  Letten  on  the 
South,  was  entirely  Surrendrcd  by  the  PoUnder,  except  DMnemburgi 
Formerly  the  Order  of  Carry-SvorJ  Knights refided  there;  but  in  the 
time  of  Gregory  the  Ninth,  that  Order  was  united  to  the  TtfwroM/'ci:.  Af- 
terwards the  Pelantftrs  and  Mujcovites  enpycd  it.  Riga  is  the  Capital 
City  of  Livonia  :  The  Germans,  En^ltjiij  and  Hollatirkrs  there  drive  a 
great  Trade  in  the  Summer,  while  the  Sea  is  open :  In  the  Win- 
ter the  Natives  Trade  into  Mufcovy  upon  their  Sledges.  It  (^andi  upon 
a  Plain,  upon  the  River  Duna,  which  in  that  place  is  about  a  quarter 
of  a  League  over.  The  Fortifications  thereof  jonfilt  of  Six  Regular 
Baftions,  fcveral  Half- moons,  and  Pallifado'd  Counterfca'-ps. 

In  the  Year  i6y6.  an  Army  of  an  hundeed  thoufand  Adufcovites 
came  to  catch  cold  before  this  City,  which  valiantly  repulfed  them. 
Ternavia,  Vernaw^M  a  well  fortified  place  :  And  Derft^  in  Lann  Tupatum, 
fcituate  on  the  Beck ;  taken  by  J.BaJilius  the  Great  Duke  of  Mufcovy,. 
as  was  alfo  Feiin,  a  ftrong  Town.  Dunaboug,  an  Impregnable  For- 
trefs,  eight  miles  from  Riga,  well  Garifoned  by  the  Poku  Revelia, 
Revtlj  direds  the  Trade  from  Lwcww  into  Mujcovyt  'Tis  a  Biihop's 
See,  and  a  well  Traded  Port.  Nerva  is  a  ftrong  place,  from  whence 
the  Neighbouring  River  derives  its  Name,  where  the  Brave  Vontus  de 
la  Gardia  was  Drown 'd.  By  the  laft  Treaties  between  the  Crowns  of 
Swtdin  and  Folanel,  the  Exercife  of  the  Proteftant  ^  well  as  the  Ca- 
tholick  Religion  is  permitted  in  Livonia,  as  aifo  in  Curland  and  Prttffta,, 

The  Ifland  of  Gothland  is  the  biggeft  in  the  Baltick  Sea,  for  therein 
there  are  five  or  fix  Ports  belonging  to  the  Sivede:  In  feveral  of  the 
Rocks  there  ftill  remain  the  Ancient  Gof/6wiCharafters.  And  the  City 
oilVtsby  ftill  preferves  certain  pieces  of  Marble,  and  Houfes  that  hare 
Gates  of  Iron  or  Brafs,  Gilded  or  Silver'd  over,  which  teftify  the  great 
Antiquity  of  the  place.  This  City  firft  Eftabliflied  the  law  for  Navi- 
gation in  the  Balricky  and  began  the  Sea<Cards.  Other  IQands  are 
Dagho  and  Oefel  upon  the  Coaftsof  Livonia,  belonging  to  the  S-wedes, 

The  chief  Rivers  in  all  this  Tra^  are  i,  Meier,  2.  Delacarle;  ;  Anger* 
mania,  4.  Uma,  5-.  Lula,  and  6.  Torna,  The  principal  Lakes  are  Lado- 
ga,  or  Ladesko  Oz,ero, 

Melar  takes  its  Coaft  from  Weft  to  Eaft ;  the  Wernr  from  Eaft  to- 
Weft ;  the  Veter  from  North  to  South,  through  the  River  Motala,. 

Archbiihopricks,g.  Bifliopricks  \  $.  Univerfitics  2.  »>  '  :^ 

iGulphSj  1.  ^\nni  Bo;hiicus,  Hotbnx^e\x\co\WyQQM^^eBoddeiJj,${i 
lis.  2*  Sinus  Finmctts,  ivn^itr^&irelncolis  Golfe,  di  Finms  GaUis« 


1 -» *'? 


'i. 


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^f."  .: 


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:\. 


Of 


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\ 


mmmmm. 


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y 


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Of  Mufcovy. 


!-■:;>■ 


i..      "^f^"'^'-:^":!    '^i'-'' 


f  •■ 


mr- 


'Py-  ?'5- 


Mof  wwILrP"'-P"i^^2  the  name  of  a  Province  fo  called, 
itsNam«S^h/^-^'''^"  '^'  chief  Cir,  which  hath  communicated 
Its  Name  toall  thy>rcvinces  under  the  Dominion  of  the  Grand  Czar, 


r-r 


or 


.A- 


-'  ,5 


Of  Muftovy^  8fC.  "  73 

or  Tistfr.  This  Country  is  a  part  of  the  Europian  Satrnatia,  or  Scjthia ; 
called  alfo  Ruffut  Mba,  or  tlie  Great  Rujfta,  whofe  ancient  Inhabitants 
were  thp  Rbuteni,  or  the  Roxolani  of  P/o/.  the  R#,  of  Cedren^  The 
Bafierna  Tacit,  tefte  Willich.  From  thence  fome  think  it  called  l?«^<i; 
others  tellus'tis  called  Rufjia  from  the  colour  of  the  Snow  which  co- 
lours the  Fields  for  almoft  three  Quarters  of  a  year.  'Tis  the  vafteft 
Country  in  £«»'o;'c:  A  Territory  folarge,  that  were  it  Peopled  anfwer- 
able  to  (bme  other  parts  of  the  World,  would  either  make  it  too  great 
for  one  Prince,  or  that  Prince  too  powerful  for  his  Neighbours:  But 
the  Eaftern  parts  thereof  fire  vexed  with  th^jifiatUk  Tartars  y  who,  like 
e/fi/op's  Dog,  will  neither  dwell  there,  norfjffer  the  Molcovites.  The 
Weftern  parts  almoft  as  much  haraflfed  by  the  Swedes  and  Poles :  The 
Souchern  by  the  TMrks  and  European  Tartars ;  and  the  Northern  pinch- 
ed by  the  coldnels  of  the  Air:  This  excefs  of  cold  in  the  Air  was  fo 
vehement,  that  in  the  Year  i  ^98.  of  70000  Turks  that  made  an  In- 
rodeinto  Mofcov^,  40000  were  frozen  to  death  ;  and  water  thrown 
up  into  the  Air,  will  turn  to  Ice  before  it  falls  to  the  Ground  ;  Nor  is 
it  an  extraordinary  thing  for  the  Inhibitants  to  have  their  Nofes,  Ears 
and  Feet  frozen  off;  fuch  is  their  Winter.  Nor  is  their  Summer  lefs 
miraculous;  for  the  heaps  of  frozen  Snow,  which  covered  the  Surface 
of  the  Country,  at  the  firft  approach  of  the  Sun,  are  fuddenly  difibl- 
ved,  the  Waters  dried  up,  the  Earth  dreffed  in  her  gaudy  Apparel ;  fuch 
a  mature  growth  of  Fruits,  fuch  flouri(hing  of  Herbs,  fuch  chirping 
of  Birds,  as  if  there  were  a  perpetual  Spring:  And  though  they  Sow 
but  in  Junci  yet  the  Heats  of  July  and  Aus^uji  ftrangely  quicken  their 
Harrert. 

The  whole  Country  generally  is  overfpread  with  Woods  and  Lakes : 
and  is  in  a  manner  a  continual  Foreft,  irrigated  by  feveral  Lakes  and 
Rivers.  Here  grow  thegoodlieft  and  talleft  Trees  in  the  World,  afford- 
ing flielter  to  multitudes  of  Cattel  and  IVtld  Bea/fs,  whofe  Skms  are 
better  than  their  Bodi<!\  and  here  is  the  insxhauftible  Fount.iin  oi  U^ax 
and  Homy^  as  likewiffj  allkinds  of  Fowly  and  fmall  Birds  in  great  plen- 
ty; moft  forts  of  F/jffe,  excellent  Fruits  and  Roots:  efpecially  Onions 
and  Garlick :  Here  is  the  Corn  of  Rbez^an  and  Volodomira,  the  Hides 
and  Leather  oijercufiauy  the  Wax  and  Honey  of  VUfow,  the  Tallow 
of  fVologdaj  theOyl  andCavayer  about  ydga^  the  Linnen  and  Hemp 
of  great  Nevogredt,  the  Pitch  and  Rofinof  Duviftez,,  the  ^Salt  of  A/ha" 
can  and  Ro(iofy  the  Ermins  and  Sables,  the  black  Foxes  and  Furs  of 
5i^m^,  where  the  Hunters  have  the  Art  to  hit  only  the  Nofes  of  thi 
Bealls,  preferving  their  Skins  whole  and  clean. 


TU 


^  Of  Mufcatff^Zic. 

The  Mufcovitet  are  naturally  ingenious  enough,  yet  not  addi^ed  to 
Arts  or  Sciences^  they  do  not  trouble  themfelves  with  the  height  of 
the  Heavens^  or  the  magnitude  of  the  Earth  ;  they  amufe  not  them- 
felves  with  Syllogifms,  nor  wrangle  whether  Lcgick  be  an  Art  or 
Science.  And  the  plainnefs  and  paucity  of  their  Laws  makes  Attornies 
and  Sollicitors  as  ufelefs  there  as  Philofophers.  Nor  are  they  much 
addided  to  Traffick  and  Husbandry,  being  naturally  lazy,  it  muft  be 
force  or  neceffity  that  compels  them  to  labour.  Drunkennefs  is  very 
familiar  with  them,  and  Jqu^-vit a  or  Tobacco,  like  the  Liquor  of 
Circey  turns  them  into  Swine.  They  arc  great  Lyars,  treacherous,  craf- 
ty, malicious  and  revengeful,  quarrelfome,  though  the  heighth  of  their 
fury  is  Kicking;  their  Houfesmean  and  ill-furnifhed,  their  Lodging  is 
hard,  and  their  Diet  homely ;  born  to  ilavery,  and  brought  up  in^ 
hardihip. 

They  are  for  the  moft  part  fat  and  corpulent,  ftrong  of  Body,  and 
of  good  proportion,  only  great  Bellies  and  great  Beards  are  in  faihionf: 
and  the  Women,  though  indifferent  handfome,  yet  make  ufe  of  Paint. 
They  are  much  retired,  and  feldom  in  publick;  very  refpeAful  to 
their  Husbands,  who  look  upon  them  as  a  necelFary  evil,  beat  them 
often,  and  treat  them  as  Slaves. 

They  only  teach  their  Children  to  write  and  read ;  which  fuffices 
them,  though  they  prefume  to  be  Dodors.  They  take  for  their  Sir- 
name  the  proper  name  of  their  Father.  They  write  upon  Rolls  of 
Paper,  cut  into  long  fcrowles,  and  glu'd  (for  2j  or  30  Ells)  toge- 
ther ;  They  weai  long  Rpbes,  under  which  they  have  clofe  Csats 
down  to  their  knees,  but  they  tye  their  Girdles  under  their  Bellies: 
they  make  their  Collations  with  fpic'd  Bread,  Aqua-vita,  andHydro- 
mel,  that  is,  Water  and  Honey  rnixt. 

There  are  two  things  remarkable  amongft  the  Mufiovites;  one  is, 
That  they  begin  the  day  at  the  rifing  of  the  Sun,  and  end  it  ac  the 
Sun- letting,  fo  that  their  Night  begins  at  the  SunVfetting,  and  ends 
at  its  rifing.  The  other  is.  They  begin  their  year  the  firft  day  of 
Stptemher,  allowing  no  other  Epocba  than  from  the  Creation  of  the 
World,  which  they  think  to  be  in  Autumn,  and  they  reckon  yyo8 
years  from  the  Creation  of  the  World  to  the  Nativity  of  our  Saviour, 
whereas  moft  of  our  Chronologers  account  but  3969. 

As  for  their  Armies,  they  generally  confift  of  a  looooo  or  20000c, 
but  then  you  muft  count  theBeafts.  Botis  Frederowitz,  Grand  Duke  of 
Mofcovy^  toward  the  beginning  of  this  Age,  appeared  with  an  Army 
of  300000  Men.  Alexis  M'tcbaelowitz.  after  the  defeat  of  Stephen  Rad- 
zih'f  hac  an  Army  no  lefs  numerous,  when  thedifpute  was  about  ftop- 


r: 


.^     ^  Of  ^^lifi^i  &c-\  \\      ^ 

ping  the  Tnrh  progrefs  into  Voland.  Infanttyii  bet»^er  etteemed  by 
them  than  Cavalry ^  being  more  able  to  fuftain  a  Siege,  and  patiently 
CO  endure  all  imaginable  hardfhips,  rather  than  yield ;  as  they  did  in 
our  times  at  the  Caftle  of  ^ilna,  and  in  the  Fprtrefs  or  Notebourg.  As 
to  the  forming  a  Siege,  the  Mufcovites  underftand  little,  as  they  made 
appear  before  Smohnsko  1633.  before  Riga  16^6.  and  before  Az,ac 
1673.  Their  Pons  are  gen&rally  of  Wood  or  Earth,  upon  the  wind- 
ings of  Rivers,  OX  elfe  in  Lakes,  The  chiefeft  ftrength  of  the  King^ 
dom  confifts  in  Foreign  Forces,  to  whom  they  give  good  allowances 
in  time  of  War.  The  Vrmce  bears  the  Title  of  Grand  Duke,  he  boafts 
himfelf  defcended  from  Auguftus,  and  ftiles  himfelf  Grand  Czar,  or 
Tz.aar,  that  is  to  fay,  Cazar.  The  habits  which  he  is  faid  to  wear, 
make  him  lo«k  like  a  Priti^  :  they  that  treat  with  his  Ambaffadors 
have  the  greateft  trouble  in  the  World  to  give  him  his  Tttles,  becaufe 
oftheirfo  extraordinary  pretenfions.  In  the  Year  16^4.  to  the  end 
he  might  make  War  in  Poland,and  uphold  the  CoJJacks,  the  Grwf  Duke 
pretended,  that  feme  of  the  ToUjl}  Lords  had  not  given  him  bis  due  Ti- 
tles; and  that  they  had  printed  Books  in  Poland  \n  derogation  of  his  Ho- 
ne "  One  of  his  PredecelTors  was  fo  cruel,  that  he  caus'd  the  Hat 
of  c  encb  AmbalTadour  to  be  nailed  to  his  head,  becaufe  herefus'd 
to  be  uncovered  in  his  prefence.  He  commands  abfolutely,  and  the 
Mufcovites  call  themfelves  his  Slaves ;  and  he  calls  them  in  contempt 
by  a  diminutive  name,  Jammot  Pierrot.  His  Will  is  a  Law  to  his  Sub- 
je<its,  who  hold  it  for  an  undeniable  truth  ,  That  the  Will  of  God,  and 
the  Great  Duke,  are  immutable.  His  Treafure  is  very  large,  for  he 
heaps  up  all  the  Gold  and  Silver  he  can  lay  his  hands  on,  in  his  Ca- 
ftles  of  Dioligzen  and  Vologda,  and  never  makes  his  Prefents  or  his  Pay- 
ments but  in  Skws,  or  in  Fifh,  or  elfe  in  fomefew  Hides,  or  Pieces  of 
Cloth  of  Gold,  Thus  liveth  and  reigneth  this  Ruffian  Monarch,  in 
the  reputation  of  his  own  Subje(5^s,  one  of  the  greateft  Sharers  in  the 
adventure  of  the  World's  Happinefs. 

The  Religion  of  the  Mw/cowfe;  differs  little  from  that  of  the  Gr^f^j: 
For  they  follow  their  Faith,  their  Rites,  and  their  Ceremonies.  The 
principal  part  of  their  Devotions,  after  they  are  baptized,  confifts  in 
the  Invocation  of  their  S.iints,  for  every  Houfe  hath  its  Saint  Pi<ftured, 
and  hung  up  againft  the  wall  with  a  fmall  Wax-candle  before  it, 
which  they  light  when  they  fay  their  Prayers.  The  Pi<ftures  of  the 
Virgin  Mary,  and  of  St.  Nicholas  their  Patron,  arc  in  great  veneration 
amongft  them.  And  the  fign  of  the  Crofs  is  the  ordinary  Preface  to 
all  th«ir  Civil  Actions.  On  Sundays  and  iheir  Feftival  Days,  they  go 
thj^e  times  to  Church,  Mornin^^||pn,  and  Evening,  and  are  land- 
ing, 


.^ 


A/ 


^^    -     —  ^  Of  Mufcov^.kc    -         "     ^    - 

ing,  and  uncovered  at  the  time  of  Divine  Service.    BeHdes  their  Or« 
dinary  Fafts  on  Wcdnefdiys,  Fridays,  and  the  Eves  before  Holidays, 
they  have  four  Lents  every  year, during  which  thev  eat  neither  Butter,    .  ^ 
Eggs,  nor  Milk,  only  the  firft  week  of  their  chiet  Lent  ferves  them  as 
a  Carnaval ;  but  after  this  the  moft  ftriA  cf  them  eat  no  Fiih  but  on  . 
Sundays,  and  drink  nothing  but  Quaz,  or  fair  water 

They  commonly  take  the  Communion  on  a  Fafting-day,  at  Noon- 
fervice  ;  and  if  any  one  receives  it  on  a  Sunday,  he  muft  not  eat  Flelh 
that  day.     'Tis  adminiitred  in  both  kinds  with  Leavened  Bread,  and 
Wine  mingled  with  warm  Watqr.    They  believe  no  Tranfubftantiati- 
on,  nor  reckon  no  Adultery  but  marrying  another  man's  Wife.  They 
have  many  Wives,  allow  of  Divorccment,and  yet  ufe  the  deceitful  by- 
ways of  Filthinefs  and  Incontinency.     It  is  a  dangerous  matter  to 
tranfgrefs  the  Law  of  Wedlock,  and  the  Woman  is  terribly  over- 
watched, is  fufpicioufly  reftrained  from  walking  abroad.    They  be- 
lieve no  Purgatory,  but  hold  two  diftindl  places  whcic  the  Souis  re- 
main that  are  feparated  from  the  Bodies.    Yet  allow  Prayers  for  the 
Dead.    They  hold  Baptifm  of  great  Importance  ,  and  admit  Chil- 
dren of  feven  years  oM  to  come  to  the  Sacrament.     All  thefr  Images 
are  in  fiat  Painting.    They  never  feaft  but  upon  the  Annunciation  of 
the  Virgin,    They  have  a  Patriarch  at  Alofcoy  the  chief  of  their  Religion. 
Three  Jrchbijhops  or  Metrofolitam  at  Rofibou,  at  Sufdal,  and  sc  Grand 
Novogrode  :  Bifliops  at  Wologda,  at  Refan,  at  Sufdal,,  at  Twer,  at  Tb- 
boUika,  at  Aftracarty  at  Cafariy  at  Vlefcca.  at  Colomna  ;  and  almoft  in  all 
the  Provinces  of  the  Great  Duke,  being  all  chofen  out  of  the  body  of 
their  Monks.    They  have  this  good  quality,  that  :hey  force  no  man's 
Cunfcience ;.  they  hate  the  Roman-Catholickt  for  the  Exorbitances  com- 
mitted by  them  when  the  Tolanden  became  Mafters  of  Mofco ,  in  the 
Year  i5ii.    But  there  are  likewife  fome  Idolaters  of  them  toward 
the  North. 

The  Rivers  of  Mi*fcovy  are  i/,  Volga,  the  RheoiVtol.  EdelTartarpty 
Tbamar  Armerfisy  the  greateft  River  in  Europe,  throws  it  felf  into  the  ^ 
Caffian  Sea,  after  it  has  rouU'd  above  feven  hundred  Leagues.  The 
Duvine,  ajter  it  has  run  by  the  Cities  of  moft  Trade  in  Mufcovy,  by 
fix  mouths  empties  it  (elf  into  theGulf  ofSt.N/Cifeo/^,  which  is  called 
the  IVbite  Sea,  becaufe  of  the  Snow  that  environs  it. 

The  D<mn,  Tanais  Strah.  ?lm.  Mela,  &  alts,  which  feparates  Europ^e 
from  A(ia,  begins  not  above  a  hundred  Leagues  from  fhe  place  where 
it  ends,  and  yet  it  winds  above  fi^  hundred  miles,  firft  towards  the 
Eafiyund  then  towards  the  /%/ ;  formerly  a  conjunction  of  thefe  three 
Rivers  was  defigned,  to  the  eniUje  principal  Seas  of  our  Continent 

njight 


tMLlhei 

1 


1^ 


mm 


Of  MufccvjiUc, 


77 

might  have  participated  oti^  with  another,  to  facilitate  the  Trade  of 
the  Ocean,  Mediterraveany  aKd  Caffian  ;  but  the  contrivance  faird. 
There  are  few  good  Cities  in  thefe  parts,  none  or  very  few  being 
paV'd,  and  thofe  that  be,  are  pav'd  with  Wood;  very  few  Fortified 
or  Wall'd,  but  have  till  d  Land  between  the  Streets.  The  Houfes  are 
low,  and  made  of  Wood  and  Lome ;  a  m?n  may  go  to  market  .^nd 
buy  one  of  thefe  houfes  ready  built,  and  fo  :o  be  caried  away  ;  great 
fires  happen  oft'timesj  by  reafon  both  of  their  Timber  buildings,  and 
for  that  the  combuftible  matter  is  eafily  fetonfireby  the  great  quanti- 
ty of  Tapers  which  they  light  before  their  Images,  and  which  the 
Mufcovites,  who  are  very  apt  to  be  drunk,  take  no  care  to  put  our.     - 

TheEftates  of  i'l/«,'co'r// comprehend  5  Kingdoms,about5o  Dutchies 
or  Provinces,  and  about  20  People  cr  Nations,  who  live  by  Herds  or 
Communities;  a  Country  not  fo  Populous  as. Spacious,  nor  much 
frequented  by  ftrangers;  and  therefore  I  cannot  give  a  certain  ac- 
count of  its  Provinces  and  Nations,  much  lefs  of  their  Bounds,  Length, 
and  Breadth,  as  fome  Pretenders  to  Geography  have  done. 
•  Mofcha,  feu  MafcitA,  or  Mo] cow,  which  is  the  Capital  City,  and 
the  Refidence  of  the  Grand  Duke,  feems  lather  to  be  a  huge  heap  of 
Hamlets,  than  a  good  City.  It  had  above  40000  Houfes,  but  now 
there  are  far  lefs,  (Ince  it  has  been  fb  often  plundered  by  the  Lejjer  Tar^ 
taYs,9ndi  t\\Q  Voles ;  in  Afmo  1 571.  the  Tartars  fired  it:  And  efpecially 
fmce  the  laft  fire  that  happened  there,  1668.  It  hath  three  Walls,one 
of  Brick,  another  of  Stone,  a  third  of  Wood,  feparating  the  four 
Quarters  of  the  Town.  The  greateft  Ornament  of  the  City  are  the 
Churches,  of  which  St.  MchaePs  is  the  chief,  in  which  the  Tombs 
of  the  Tz.ars  are  placed  ;  the  Steeples  of  the  Churches  are  covered 
with  Copper,  whofe  glittering  fcems  to  redouble  the  brightnels  of 
the  Sun. 

The  Tzars  Caftle,  called  Krewelenagrod,  is  about  two  miles  in  Cir- 
cumference, and  contains  two  fair  Palaces,  one  of  Stone,  and  the 
other  of  Wood,  built  after  the  Italian  falhion  ;  befidesthe  Imperial 
Court,  there  are  feveral  other  fpacious  Palaces  for  the  Bojors  or  No- 
bility ;  as  alfo  for  Pricfts,  amongft  which  that  of  the  Patriarch  is 
the  moft  Magnificent ;  and  over-againft  the  Cz>ars  Palace  is  a  fair 
Church,  built  after  the  Model  of  the  Temple  of  Jerujalem,  from 
whence  it  is  fo  called;  near  to  which  is  the  greit  Market  for  all 
Wares  and  Merchandizes.  Volodmere,  the  Refidence  of  the  Prince  be- 
fore Mufco  was,  lies  in  the  moil  fertile  part  of  all  Mufcovy,  defended 
by  a  Caftle.    The  Riveis  of  Mufco  and  Qua  are  thofe  whcreb)'  the 


Merchants  convey  their  Good 


to  thei'o 


Igj.    Little  Novc" 
gr-odt 


^ yr 

^rode  U  the  laft  Village  in  Europe,  towards  the  Eaft;  Pleskou  is  well 
Fortified,  as  being  the  Bulwark  againft  the  PoUr  and  SweJef,    Novo^ 
grade  tbt  Great,  has  been  oneofthefour  Magazines  of  the  Hans  Tawni^ 
and  a  Town  fo  Rich  and  Potent,  that  the  Inhabitants  were  wont  to 
fay,  Pf%o  can  withff'andGod,  and  great  Novo^orod  ?  But  in  the  year  i  f  77, 
the  Great  Duke  Ivan  Vafilawitz.  took  it,  and  carried  away,  (as  'tis 
reported^  a  hundred  Wagons  laden  with  Gold  and  Silver  j  yet  it  is 
ftill  a  Town  of  great  Trade ;  in  the  year  161 1,  it  was  taken  by  the 
Swidifh  General  font  us  dela  Gardie;  and  in  the  year  161;,  redelivered 
to  the  Tz.ar  of  Mi*jcovy  upon  the  Articles  of  Peace.  Pleskou  is  the  only 
Walled  City.  SmolenskoUs.  place  of  great  flrength.    Petzora  is  fenced 
with  Mountains.    IVorotin  is  defended  with  a  Caftle.    Archangel  is  the 
Staple  of  all  Mufcovy,  by  reafon  of  its  Haven:  The  Duties  paid  at 
coming  in,  and  going  out,  anfount  to  above  fix  hundred  thouf^nd 
Crowns  a  year.    The  Evglijh  were  the  firft  that  began  to  (end  their 
Ships  thither ;  fince,  they  have  been  followed  by  other  Nations  of 
Europe,  Formerly  the  Trade  of  A/«/wx(j^  was  driven  by  pafling  through 
the  Sound,  and  putting  in  at  Nerva ;  but  the  great  Impofitions  put 
upon  the  Merchandizes  by  the  Princes  through  whole  Countries 
they  Were  to  pafs,  made  them  forfake  that  place.  Rezan  was  the 
place  that  held  out  when  the  Tartars  had  taken  Mofcow ;  the  Gover- 
nour  whereofi  when  he  had  got  the  Original  of  the  Articles  of  the 
Treaty  Signed  by  the  Grand  Cz,ar,  from  the  Tartarian  General,  refu- 
fed  to  furrcnder  the  Town,  or  deliver  back  the  fchedule  j  which  was 
the  occ?fion  of  the  Tartars  overthrow,  and  the  recovery  of  Mofcovy, 
and  fbi;  taking  of  Cafan  Afiracan,  &c.  St.  Nicholas  alfo  drives  a  great 
Trade  at  the  entry  of  the  Davine.    Thefe  are  the  only  places  that  be- 
long to  the  Grand  Duke  upon  the  Ocean.     Troitza  near  Mofcov,  is  the 
mott  beautiful  Convent  in  all  Adufcovir   whither  the  Grand  7'z.arsdo 
nfually  go  in  Pilgrimage  twice  every  year.  Colmogorod'xs  renowned  for 
the  Fairs  that  are  kept  there  in  Winter  time  :  The  Dwvme  bears  great 
Veffels  to  that  pKice  fo  called.  Oufhong  is  in  the  middle  of  the  Coun- 
trey  ;  where  it  drives  a  good  Trade,  as  being  Seated  in  a  place  where 
two  Rivers  meet.    Befides  the  White  Sea  is  full  of  Shoals  and  Rocks 
at  the  entry  into  it,  and  then  the  Snows  melting,  and  the  Torrents 
fwelling  in  the  Spring-time, carry  the  Water  with  fuch  animpetuofi- 
ty,  that  Ships  can  hardly  get  in  ;  however  there  is  great  (lore  of  Sal- 
•  mon  caught  there.  Kola  and  Petz^mkam  Lapland  receive  Trading  Vef- 
'fels.     Twer,  Permie,   Refchowa^  Bielk-    Jarojlaw^  Ri^ifhow,   Sufdal,  Bie- 
lejezero,  U/linga^  &c.  bear  the  fame  name  with  their  Provinces. 

"^  As 


S 


an< 

an( 

Ru 

at 

Lei 


A 


OfMufcovy^  Zic, 


^j- 


^ 


As  for  the  Conquefts  of  the  Great  Duke  in  jifiatu^Tattary,  th® 
principal  places  are  Afiman  and  Cajvn^  which  bear  the  Titles  of  King- 
doms, befides  Zavolha,  and  Nagais.  Cafan  is  a  great  City,  with  Walls 
and  Towers  of  Wood,  feated  upon  a  Hill.  'Tis  Inhabited  by  Ruffians 
and  Tartars,  but  the  Citddal  is  Walled  with  Stone,  and  kept  oniyhy 
Ruffians ;  Afiracan  was  formerly  the  Seat  of  the  Nagayan  Tartars^  it  lies 
at  the  mouth  of  the  River  Volgay  in  the  Ifland  Delgoy^  yo  Dutch 
Leagues  from  the  Cafpian  Sea ;  'tis  environed  with  a  ftrong  Stone-wall, 
upon  which  are  feated  yoo  Brafs  Cannon,  befides  a  ftrong  Garifon. 
Its  many  Towers  and  lofty  Piles  of  Buildings,  makes  a  noble  Profped. 
'Tis  a  place  of  great  Traffick,  efpecially  for  Silk.  In  this  Countrey 
grows  the  plant  Zoophyte,  that  refembles  a  Lamb,  it  devours  all  the 
Herbs  round  about  the  Root ;  ^nd  if  it  be  cut,  it  yields  a  liquor  as  red 
as  blood :  the  Wolves  devour  it  as  greedily,  as  if  it  were  Mutton.  Lo- 
comoria  towards  the  Obiy  is  fnllabited  by  People  who,  they  fay,  are  Fro- 
zen up  fix  months  in  the  year,  becaufe  they  live  in  Tents  environed 
with  Snow,  and  never  ftir  forth  till  it  be  melted.  They  are  broad  fa- 
ced, with  little  eyes,  their  Heads  on  one  fide,  and  bigger  than  the 
proportion  of  their  Bodies  requires  j  fliort  Legs,  and  Feet  extremely 
big.  Thus  they  appear  clad  in  Skins,  with  a  piece  of  Wood  inflead  of 
Shooes,  thefe  Skins  they  wear  in  the  Winter,  with  the  hairy  fides  in- 
ward ;  in  Summer,  with  the  hair  outward  ;  to  few  them,  they  make 
ufeof  the  fmall  bone^  of  Fifh,  and  the  Nerves  of  Be^fts  inftead  of 
Needles  and  Thread ;  they  are  the  beft  Archers  in  the  world.  The 
Fingoefes  exprefs  their  thoughts  better  by  their  throats  than  by  their 
tongues.  Thefe  Countries  goall  under  theName  of  5/^frw,a  Province 
which  affords  the  faireft  and  the  richeft  Furrs,  and  whither  the  Lords 
in  difgrace  are  banifh'd.  The  River  Pe/iJa  bounds  it ;  for  no  man 
dares  go  beyond  it,tho  Horfes  and  feveral  other  things  have  been  feen, 
which  make  us  believe  that  h  is  as  confiderable  as  Cathay j  which  can- 
not be  far  from  it.    ;i\ 

Here  is  one  Pat  iarch,  four  ArchbilKopricks,  eighteen  Bifhops,  and 
no  Univerfity. 

This  Countrey  hath  many  Lake^,  viz,  Ladoga^  Onega,  Biela'Ofera, 
Refanskoy'Oferay  &c.  Imamw-Oftra,  the  Source  of  the  River  Don. 

The  molt  Renowned  Foreft  is  that  of  Epipbanow.    Its  Mountains 
are  thofe  oi Camenopoii^  or  Stolp^  that  is,  the  Pi'lars  of  the  World  bd^*^? 
tween  thtDuvine  and  the  Oby,  faid  to  be  the  Ancient  Riphean  Moun- " 
tains.  .  J       -.  '        .  *      ^.>  ''- 

-, --.•-.:•..  V.  "   (-'  ■■  ■■■  ■••■ 

.;.  .:^  ^f 


Of  Poland 


"'T^'  !  I 


f>,, 


Teknia,  Hifpanu,  &  baits.  La  Pologne,  Ga$t.  PolanJ,  Anglis,  Tdkskd, 
ToUs,  t)ic  PoUn,  Gtrmanh,  ^ 


->       lU,    'll*       ■■■i.fc..— "^ 


Il»«-f  I'   lli....  , 


<•• 


POLONIJ,  or  Po7W,  which  was  formerly  but  a  p.  t  of  Sar- 
matia,  is  flow  a  Kingdom  of  as  large  extent  as  any  In  ^arope.  It 
is  an  aggregate  Bodv,  conliftingof  many  diftind  Province  5,  United 
into  one  Eltate,  of  which  Poland  being  the  Chief  hath  given  Name  to 


Of  PaUnl  V         ^^ 

the  re((.    It  is  Soo  miles  in  length,  and  the  breadth  comprehending  Li- 
*uoriia^  IS  almoft  as  much. 

According  totheJV//fcand  Bohemian  Hiftorians,  they  were,  with  the 
Bohemians,  originally  Croat ians,  defcended  from  the  Sclaves jUnd  brought 
into  thefe  parts  by  Xechus  and  Lechus,  two  Brethren  BanMht  out  ot 
their  own  Countrey.    But  this  is  refuted  by  Crowerus.    The  more 
general  opinion  is,  that  they  were  Sarmatians,  who  upon  tha  depar- 
ture of  the  German  Nation  towards  the  Roman  Frontiers,  flock'd  hi- 
ther, and  by  reafon  of  their  common  Language,  or  mixture  with  the 
Sclavesof  Illjricum,  thus  accounted ;  and  being  united  in  the  common 
Name  of  Selaves,  fetled  in  that  part  which  we  now  call  FoLwil  j  the 
Eftate  hereof  being  much  improved  by  the  Gonqueftof  many^rfrw^i- 
tian  Counties.    But  whether  Zechus  and  Lechus,  the  Founders  of  the 
two  Nations,  by  i\\  Hiftorians,  were  Strangers  or  Native  Inhabitants, 
is  uncertain,  (ince  all  ancient  hillory  is  filcnt  herein.  The  time  when 
thefe  (bould  arrive  here,  according  to  Hiftorian  reports,  was  Anno 
649,  under  Lechus,  a  time  indeed  near  Unto  the  general  fiittings  of 
the  Barbarous  and  Northern  Nations,  and  therefore  the  more  proba< 
ble.    Poland  has  for  many  ages  been  a  diftinA  Sovereignty.    The  firft 
that  was  Eledlive,  was  ?ia(im,  (after  the  failure  of  the  former  Line) 
a  plain  Countrey- man,  ele<iledDukeof  Fo/^W, /^».  800.  lnAnvo^6^. 
they  received  the  Gofpel  J  An.  100 1,  they  had  the  Title  of  King  con- 
ferred upon  them  by  Or^^o  the  Emperour.  Anno  1320,  Stle^a  fell  from 
Poland  to  Bohemia,  and  could  never  be  recovered.    Anno  1386,  they 
made  the  Great  Duke  of  Lithuania,  by  Marriage  into  their  King's 
Family,  King ;  and  fo  joined  that  Great  Dukedom  to  Foland,  Anno 
1466,  Cafimir  adds  VruJJia^  and    15,61,  Livonia,     Anno   15:75",  the 
Royal  Family,  being  extindt,  they  chofe  the  Duke  oiAnjou,  Brother 
to  Charles  the  9th.  King  of  France,  but  he  quickly  left  it  for  the 
Crown  of  France,    Anna  i  ^79.  they  chofe  Bathor,  Prince  oiTranJiha- 
nia  J  he  dying  without  Iffue,  they  chofe  Sigifmund,  the  King  of  Swede's 
Son,  about  the  year  i5'9o,  who  turning  Papift,  and  by  the  Jefuits 
Perfuafions  endeavouring  to  alter  Religion  in  Sivedeland,  was  ejedred, 
and  lofing  his  Patrimonial  Kingdom,  only  keeps  Poland:  Hence  ihofe 
lafting  Wars  betweer>  the  two  Nations.  To  him  fucceeded  UladiJJaus; 
famous  for  ihe  memorable  Vidlory  againft  the  Mufcovites  befieging. 
Smolensko,  Annoi6^^.     K.\ngCafimcr  fucceeded  1648.  in  whofe  time 
the  Kingdoms  became  extremely  imbroiled  by  Factions,  efpecially  by 
the  mutinous  and  feditious  Colfacks,  and  Confederate  Nobles  under 
Lubomirsky,  and  Foreign  Enemies ;  fo  that  weary  of  his  Crown,  he 
laid  it  down,  not  obtaining  leave  to  nominate  his  Succeflbr.    After 

M  \o:\z 


^■. 


Of  Poldnd. 

long  Contentions  they  chofe  Michael  fViefmwiski  i66^.  The  prefent 
King  is  John  Sobielski,  renowned  for  the  Relief  of  Fienna,    His  . 
Revenue  is  computed  to  be  600000  Crowns  per  Annum,  ariflnc;  from , 
5<i/f,and  Tin,  and  Silver  Mines :  His  Houfhold-Expences^  andDaugh-  ■ 
ters  Portions,  being  at  the  Publick  Charge.  Nor  do  the  Wars  at  any 
time  exhauft  his  Treafure.    Toland  is  very  Fertile  \t\Rye,  tVaxAnd 
Honey.    Other  Commodities  are.  Flax,  Mafts,  Cordage,  Boards^  Wain' 
[cots.  Timber,  Rojin,  Tar,  Pitchy   Match,  Iron,  Pot-afhes,  and  Brimfione,  . 
It  is  well  furniftied  with  Flejh,  Fowl  and  Fiji);  Rich  in  Furrs,  the : 
faireft  of  which  are  brought  thither  out  of  Mafcovy,    Near  Cracovia, 
or  Crakou,  they  dig  Salt  out  of  the  Famons  Salt-Pits  that  make  a  kind  i" 
of  City  under  ground,  and  yield  a  great  Revenue.    They  boyl  it  in  . 
Rufta,  but  iQ  Podolia  the  Sun  makes  it.    They  have  the  Conveniency 
both  of  the  Black  and  Baltick  Seas^  but  are  not  addiAed  to  Traffick, 
neither  are  they  well  provided  with  Ships.    The  Rivers  called  the  ■ 
Vifittla,  &  n/lillus  Plin.  Ifiula  Ptol,  Vtfula   Mela.  Bifula  Amin,  Vulga  ^ 
Wixel  vel  Wtexeh  Weijfel  Incolii.  Vifiule  Gal.  Viftula  Ital.    The  Nietnen,,, 
the  Chronus  of  Ptol.  Memel  Ger.  Niemen  Sclavis,  teft.  Cromtro  &  Decio, 
But  by  Rithamer  and  Erafmus  Pergel.  And  the  Dwma,  or  Dz>-wina,  the 
Rubo  of  Ptol  Duna,  empty  themfelves  into  the  Baltick,    The  Bory-*  _ 
fhenes,  Ari^.  &c.  Naparis  Herod,  Dnieper  Decio.  Brifna  Leunel.  Berefina 
Pufer  &  Eberficnio,  Dnefier  &  Nefier  Cromero,   Nieper  Mer.  Clwver,  Brief,  .. 
The  Bogg,  Hypanis  Arifi,  Herod.  Plin.  &c.     And  the  Niefter,  the  Tyros 
of  Herod,  Ptol.  Tjra  of  Strab.  &  Plin.  now  the  Nefier,  or  Niefier,  Tejit 
Cromer,  &  Ekrjlin,  Thefe  empty  themfelves  into  the  Black  Sea.  The 
Vi/fttla  runs  by  very  fair  Cities,  but  the  mouths  of  Boryfihenes  are  under 
the  Jurifdidion  of  the  Turks,  who  in  the  Year  1672  took  the  Ukraine 
into  his  Protedion,  having  fubdued  all  Podolia,  after  the  Surrender  of 
the  Fortrefs  Kamieniek.    This  Kingdom  is  Ble<5live,  being  tte  only  ' 
place  in  Europe  where  the  People  at  this  day  freely  retain  and  pradlfe 
the  Privilege  to  £le(5l  their  King ;  yet  the  next  of  the  Blood-royal 
commonly  Succeeds. 

The  Crovernment  is  an  Ariftocratical  Monarchy,  where  the  Sena<^  . 
tors  have'fo  much  Authority,  that  when  we  name  the  Quality  of  th©. 
State,  we  may  call  it  the  Kingdom  and  Commonwealth  or  Poland, 
The   Senate  is  compofed  of  Archbijhops,  Bijhops,   Palatines,  Principal : 
Cafiellains,  and  Great  Officers  of  the  Kingdom,    The  Prince,  like  thot 
King  of  Bees,  or  a  Royal  Shadow,  canot  a<a  againft  his  Nobles^ 
without  the  Consent  of  the  Senators :  Yet  his  Dignity  is  fb  &r  con-> 
fid^vQd,  that  never  any  one  attempted  againft  the  Life  of  any  of  iiis^^ 
f  fedeceiTois,.  Xhek  Kings  were  more  anciently  Free  and  Soveraign  ^ 

hut 


Of  PoUni. 


P^; 


'but  by  the  common  calamity  of  Eledive  States,  now  berefc  of  Royal 
Right  and  Prerogatives,  having  limited  power,  governing  according 
to  the  ftrift  Laws  and  Diredions  of  the  Council  and  Diet,  who  folely 
have  full  liberty  to  confult  of,  and  determine  the  main  Affairs  of  the 
Kingdom :  Thefe  are  of  two  forts,  i.  The  Senate  aforefaid:  2.  The 
General  Diets,  which  are  compofed  of  the  Orders  aforefaid,of  the  Se- 
nate or  Council,  and  of  the  Delegates  of  each  Province,  and  chiefer 
City,  fent  in  the  Name  of  the  reft  of  the  Nobility .  Thefe  are  for  the 
more  high  and  important  bufinefs  of  Republick  Kingdoms,  not  de- 
terminable by  the  Senate. 

Warfaii)  or  Farfoviay  is  ufually  the  place  of  Ele^ion ;  and  Crakoiv, 
or  Cracov'tay  that  of  the  Coronation.  The  Archbifhop  of  Guefna,  Pri- 
mate of  the  Kingdom,  Crowns  the  King,  and  has  almoft  all  the  Au- 
thority during  the  Intenegnumi  for  then  he  prefides  in  the  Senate^  and 
gives  Audience  to  AmbaJJ'adors.  He  alfo  contefts  with  the  Cardinals 
for  precedency  ;  and  therefore  there  are  few  in  Voland,  His  Revenue 
is  above  1 5*0000  Livres  a  year.  The  Kingdom  has  ;hree Orders ;  the 
Churchy  the  Nobilityy  and  the  Third  Eftate,  which  comprehends  all 
thofe  which  are  not  of  the  Nobility 

Though  all  forts  of  Religions  are  hereto  be  found,  yet  the  Roman 
Cathokck  ismoft  predominant;  therefore  the  Clergy  are  next  in  Supe- 
riority ro  the  King ;  and  then  the  Palatines  and  Ca/hlianis.  Written  fixed 
Laws  they  have  but  a  few,  if  any  ;  Guftom  and  Temporary  Edicts  be- 
ing the  Rule  both  of  their  Government  and  Obedience. 

The  Polanders  wear  long  Garments,  {have  their  Hair  upon  the  Chin, 
and  leave  only  one  tuft  of  Hair  upon  their  Heads,  in  remembrance  of 
Cafimer  the  Firft,  whom  they  fetched  out  of  a  Monaftery  to  be  their 
King.  They  are  generally  handfome ,  tall ,  well  proportioned  ; 
good  Soldiers,  and  Ipeak  the  Latin  Tongue  very  fluently.  The  Gen- 
try are  more  Prodigal  than  Liberal;  Coftly  in  their  apparel,  Delici- 
ous in  their  Diet ;  very  free  and  liberal ;  but  the  Peafants  no  better 
than  Slaves.  The  Abfolute  Power  they  pretend  to,  and  ill  Ufages  of 
the  Nobles  towards  the  Commonalty,  and  Feuds  one  with  another, 
was  certainly  thecaufe  of  the  Revolt  of  the  Coffacks,  and  produced  all 
the  Diforders  in  the  KingdorK.  Their  Cavalry  is  very  confiderable ;  in- 
fomuch,  that  if  they  were  but  united,  they  might  be  able  to  bring  in- 
to the  Field  above  an  :  noo  Horfe.  The  Confidence  they  have 
therein,  and  their  Fear  to  i  ider  a  Knight  ox  a.  Burgher  too  Potent,  has 
made  them  negled  foi^lfyif  g  their  Towns.  Their  Horfes  are  of  a 
middle  fize,  hut  quick  anJ  li  ely ;  pompoufly  harnelTed  in  Silk,  Gold, 
Silver,  and  Precious  Stones.    Their  Weapons  are  generally  a  Scymt- 

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23  W6:;T  main  STREIEI 

WEBSTER,  iS"*.     '>30 

(716)  872-4503 


rrw- 


84  Of  PoUnd, 

taty  iSwor^,  SutteUJx^  Carhine,  Bcws  and  Arrows.  The  C&Jfacks  had 
always  a  peculiar  Difciplinein  War,  though  they  were  the  fame  Na- 
tion. At  firft,  they  were  Voluntiers  that  made  Incurfions  upon..the 
Turk  and  tartars.  '  King  Bathors  reduced  them  into  a  Body,  and  joined 
to  thejn  two  thoufand  Horfe,  to  whom  he  affigned  tlie  fourth  part  of 
his  Revenue.  Their  habitations  are  in  the  lower  parts  of  Volh'mta 
and  Podolia,  which  they  call  the  Uk,ai»e ;  which  Country  is  the  beft 
peopled,  and  the  moft  Fertile  in  all  PoJane/.  There  are  other  CoJJ^cks 
that  live  in  the  IJIanJt  of  the  Boryjihemsj  which  is  not  Navigable,  by 
reafon  of  the  Falls,  which  they  call  Forowis.  Their  Cuftom  was  for- 
merly to  put  to  Sea  with  feveral  flight  Veflfels,  and  to  plunder  the 
Territories  of  the  Great  Turk  that  lie  upon  the  Black  Sea.  Some  years 
fince,  thefe  People  Revolted,  notwithftanding  the  Lot  which  was  of- 
fered them  of  Kudack  upon  the  Boryftbents,  and  began  the  misfortunes 
of  the  Kingdom  ;  for  they  leagued  themfelvcs  with  the  LelTer  Tartars, 
;ind  put  themfelves  into  the  Great  Turk^i  Protcdlion :  Infomuch  that 
we  may  fafely  fay,  That  thelnvafion  of  the  Swedes ,  the  Hoftilities  of 
the  Mufcovites,  the  Irruption  of  the  Tranfyhanians,  the  Treachery  of 
the  Coff'acks,  the  Rebellion  of  whole  Armies  in  Poland  Sindi  Lithuaniay 
the  diffecent  FaBions  of  the  Kingdom,  the  Contefts  of  the  Neighbouring 
Nations,  gave  a  cruel  Blow  to  this  CroWn,  and  were  the  caufes  that 
moved  the  Great  Turk  to  make  War  upon  them.  •   ,' : 

Poland  contains  Ten  great  Divifions;  four  to  the  Weft,  and  upon 
i^zVifiula'.  Poland,  M(i4,6via,  Cujavia,  and  Pr«^<«  the  Royal.  Six  to* 
ward  the  Eaft  ;  and  to  the  Weft  of  Bory^henes,  Lithuania,  Santogitia, 
Tolaquia,  Nigra  RuJJia,  Volhinia,  and  PodoUa.  Thefe  Provinces  have 
beengained»  for  the  moft  part,  either  by  Arms,  or  Alliances.  They 
are  divided  into  Palatinates,  the  Palatinates  into  CafieUains,  and  the  Ca-^ 
^ellains  into  Captainfliips.  They  call  the  Government  of  places  Staro^ 
Jlies.  Befides  thefe  Provinces,  there  is  one  part  of*  Mufcovia,  whicli. 
was  yielded  to  the  Mufcovite  in  the  Year  1634.  after  that  Ladi-^ 
Jlam  the  Fourth,  before  he  was  King,  had  the  year  before  valiantly 
relieved  Smolemko,  and  reduced  to  utmoft  Extremity  an  Army  of  an> 
hundred  thoM^and  Mufcovites, who  were  conftrained  to  ask  him  pardon 
to  fave  their  Lives.  That  Treaty  which  they  call  the  Treaty  of  FiaJ^ 
ma,  gained  to  Poland,  Smolmsko,  Novogrodeck,  Sevier ki :  Czernihou,. 
and  other  places.  The  Truce  for  thirteen  years,  beginning  February. 
j66'j.,  leaves  the  Grand  Duke  of  Mufcovy  in  the poffeflion  of  Smolen- 
sko ;  as  alfo  of  that  part  of  the  Ukraine,  to  the  Eaft  of  Boryfihene',  and' 
W-gain'd  to  the  Crown  of  Poland,  Dunenkurg,  Poloczk  and  fVttepsk, 
^tiCtil  PfuJJitt,  or  BorttJJia  (  where  (lands  Konigsherg,  or  Mens  Regius,  a, 

fait 


vm 


wmmmmmmm 


OfFohnL  I) 

»■•■•■'■* 
fair  City,  Univcrfity,  and  Ma:t)  generally  by  our  Seamen  calledijiit?^^- 

hiyrD-)i-<,  belongs  to  the  EleAor  of  Brandtnhwrgh^  who  is  abfblute  Sove«» 
reign  of  it,  independent  from  Volani.  The  City  is  fo  much  the  bigger, 
becaufe  it  inclofeth  two  others  within  the  fame  circuit  of  Walls.  P/- 
tavia^  Pitan,  and  Memeliuttif  Aiemel,  ire  two  Forts  upon  the  Sea,  of 
the  greateft  concernment  of  any  in  that  Dominion.  Curlandisa,  Duke- 
dom, for  which  the  Duke,  of  the  Houfe^  Ketler^  does  homage  to  the 
Crown :  Kis  Refidenceis  at  Mitaiv,  the  chief  of  the  Province  of  Sfwi- 
getllia  in  Livonui\  near  this  City  Zer^esky,  the  Po/i/fc  General,  and  I,«- 
bertnisky  the  Great  Chancellor,  vanquifhed  thoSv^eJifij  Army,  and  kil-  ' 
led  14000  upon  the  place.  And  FinJaw  was  the  Seat  of  the  great  . 
Mafter  of  the  Teutonick  Order. 

Poland,  the  beft  Peopled,  is  divided  into  Upper  and  Lower,  The 
Higher  or  Little  Poland,  contains  three  Palatines,  i;/2i.  Crakovf,  Sando^ 
mira  and  Lublin.  Cracovia,  or  Crakow,  the  chief  City  in  all  Poland, 
where  the  Kings  s^nd  Queent^re  Crowned,  is  inhabited  by  a  great 
number  of  Gerw^w^,  Jetvs,  and //^z/mw,  encompaffed  with  two  ftrong 
Walls  of  Stone ;  on  the  Eaft-fide  is  the  King's  Caftlei,  on  the  Weft  a 
Chappel,  where  the  Kings  are  Interred.  Upon  the  Confines  of'Sile- 
fia  ftands  the  City  of  Cz.entocho'iv,  with  the  Cloyfter  oiNofire-dame  of 
Chrmont ;  an  extraordinary  ftrong  place,  and  which  the  Swedes  be- 
fieged  in  vain  twice,  in  the  Year.  165'y,  and  i6y6.  Sandemiria, or 
Sendomier.z,,*si  Walled  Town  and  Caftle  upon  a  Hill.  Lublin,  ovLul^ 
linuwy  is  a  Walled  Town,  with  a  ftrong  Caftle  environed  with  Waters 
and  Marifties.  Here  are  held  three,  great  Fairs  at  the  Feafts  of  Pente- 
cojl^  St.  Simon  and  St.  Jitde,  and  at  Candlemas,  and  much  reforted  un- 
to by  Merchants.  The  Lower  Poland,  though  leffer  than  the  Higher, 
is  neverthelefs  called  Great  Pokijd  ^  becaufe  it  is  more  a.  part  of  tha 
Kingdom  than  the  other,  and.contains  eight  Palatinates,  viz,,  Pofna, 
Kalifh,  Ploczko,  LyobrzWf  Cujavia,  Rava,  Lancicia  and  Stradia.  The  Ci- 
ty of  Guefna  there  Seated,  in  the  Palatine  of  Kalijlj,  is  very  Ancient, 
and  the  Seat- of  the  firft  Kings,  fo  called  from  an  Eagle's  Neft,  which 
was  found  there  while  it  was  building,  and  which  gave  occafioh  to 
the  King  of  Poland  to  bear  Gules,  an  Eagle  Argent  Crown'd,  Beak'd 
and  armed  Or,  bound  under  the  Wings  with  a  Ribband  of  the  fams.*. 
Kalifchy  Calif  a,  is  a  Walled  Town  upon  the  Projna,  naming  the  Coun-, 
try.  The  Province  of  Mazovia  only  has  above  thirty  or  forty  thou- 
fand  Gentlemen,  the  moil:  part  Cat  hoicks^  Warfovia,  IVar/a-w,  is  the 
Capital  thereof,  and  of  the  whole  Kingdom,. in  regard  the  General 
Died  are  kept  there,  and  becaufe  its  Gallic  is  the  King's  Court.  Cz,er,'- 
ko  is  the  Palatiivatc.     In  Cujavia  (lands  t\v2  C\t)'  UlaJiJlau,  where  the 

iIoi.lc5- 


i 


•'vkv 


S6  ^  OfPoUU  . 

Houfes  are  built  of  Brick  ;  and  the  Lake  Go^/^i^  out  of  which  came  the 
Rafs  that  devoured  King  Popiel.  Pofania,  or  Pofeu,  is  a  Bi/hop's  See, 
feated  amongft  Hills  upon  the  River  Warfaw,  fairly  built  of  5tone,  fub- 
jea:  to  Inundations,  chief  of  the  Palatinate,  [n  which  is  alfo  Miedx^yr* 
Aecze^  a  ftrong  Town  upon  the  Borders  of  Schkjiay  impregnably  feated 
amongft  Water?  and  Marflies.  Kofcien,  a  double  Walled  Town  a- 
mongft  dirty  Marihes.  Siradiay  SiraJ,  a  Walled  Town  and  Caftle 
leatec  upon  the  River  J^alfaw,  naming  the  Country ;  fometiraes  a 
Dukedom  belonging  to  the  fecond  Sons  of  the  Kings  of  Poland,  Lan* 
cicia,  Lancitz.y  a  Walled  Town  with  a  Caftle  mounted  on  a  Rock,  up- 
on the  River  Bfura,  Rava,  built  all  of  Wood,  with  a  Caftle  naming 
the  Palatinate.  Ploczkosin^.  Dohrizin,  are  two  Palatinates  on  the  other 
fide  of  the  Nieper.  In  PruJ]^a  Rojal,  which  belongs  to  the  King  of  Po- 
land, are  feveral  Cities,  which  the  Knights  of  the  Teutmick  Order  built: 
The  Lakes  and  the  Sea-Coaft  afford  great  ftore  of  Amber.  Marienburgh, 
Mariaburgumjt  is  a  ftrong  Town,  where  Copernicus  was  born ;  a  Town 
of  good  Trade,  with  a  fair  Wooden  Bridge  overTlie  Fifiula.  Dantzick 
Gedanum,  one  of  the  Capital  Hans-Towns,  drives  all  the  Trade  of  Po' 
land,  and  has  not  its  equal  over  all  the  Baltick  Sea:  Ic  is  a  Free  Town, 
and  is  priviledged  to  fend  Deputies  to  the  States  of  the  Kingdom.  The 
Kingof  PoAi»3has  fome  Rights  there  upon  Entry  of  Goods,  and  up- 
on the  Cuftom.  Thorn  is  efteemed  next  to  Dantzkk,  and  Culm  is  con* 
fiderable.  The  City  of  Elbing  contends  for  Priority  in  the  States  of 
PruJJia ;  it  is  a  fair  City  ,  and  well  frequented  by  EngUfh  Merchants. 
The  Generous  Refolution  of  the  Towns- men  to  maintain  the  Autho- 
rity of  their  King  againft  ih&  Swedes,  without  accepting  the  Neutrality, 
was  the  prefervatioft  of  the  whole  Kingdom, 

Lithuania  is  the  greateft  Province  of  all  thofe  which  compofe  the 
Eftates  of  the  Crown  of  Poland,  It  received  the  Chriftian  Religion 
1589.  now  united  to  Poland  1466.  It  has  the  Title  of  a  Grand 
Dukedom,  wherein  there  are  alfo  to  this  day  as  many  great  Officers  as 
in  the  Kingdom  of  Poland,  The  Country  is  fo  full  of  Marflies  and 
Sloughs,  that  there  is  no  travelling  in  Winter  for  the  Ice.  Vikay  the 
Capital  City,  inclofes  fo  many  forts  of  Religions,  that  thereis  no  Ci- 
ty in  the  World  where  God  is  worfliiped  after  fo  many  different  ways, 
unlefs  in  Amfierdam ;  a  Liberty  too  much  allowed  in  moft  parts  of 
Chriftendom  but  raratemporum  f elicit  as.  There  are  alio  in  Lithuania 
eight  parts  or  Palatinates,  'viz.  Brejlaw,  Minfco,  Mfcizlaw,  Novezrodeek, 
Poloczk.  Troki,  Vtlna  and  ffitepsk^  as  alfo  the  Dutch)  of  Smolensko,  No- 
vogradecky  Czsrnihou,  with  the  Territories  of  Rohaczow  and  Rzeczych, 
and  Sluczk,  whole  chief  places  bears  the  fame  name;  other  chief 

places 


»  t 


Of  va*»i. 


«7 


(•  t 


places  of  Note  in  Lithuania  yoa  may  find  in  the  Map.  Samogitia  is  a 
Country  where  the  Inhabitants  live  very  poorly ;  it  hath  no  Palati- 
nate, but  its  chief  places  are  Rojunne,  whofe  Houles  are  built  of 
Mudjand  Straw-walls,fe/05<i»/  and  Medniki,  P0i^«»M  communicates 
her  Name  to  the  PelanJers,  who  call  themfeives  Tolacks,  as  defcended 
from  Lecbfts,  their  firft  Prince.  Its  chief  places  are,  Bietsko,  the  ftrong 
jugufioti^,  and  the  well  fortified  Tycajiny  or  Tywckzin,  where  the 
King's  Treafure  is  kept.  Polefia,  or  the  Palatine  of  Bre/^ci:  whofe  chief 
places  are  Pinski  and  Olewsh,  Ruffia  Nigra  has  feveral  Names;  (bme 
call  it  Black  Rujjiay  by  reafon  of  the  Wmds;  others  Red,  becaufeof 
the  colour  of  the  Earth;  SLvAiotoGMeridiolan,  becaufeof  its  Scituation 
towards  the  South.  Leofoly  or  Lemherg,  an  Archbiihoprick,  is  the 
Principal  City,  but  Zamoskithe  ftronger;  it  contains  alio  theCaftel- 
wicks  of  Cbelm  and  Belzr,  and  Province  of  Pokatia,  whofe  chief  Town 
is  Haltcz.  Volhinia  claims  for  her  Capital,  KioM,  Pohnis,  Kioff,  Germa* 
nis\  an  Ancient  City,  having  once;  oo  fair  Churches,  butdeftroyed 
by  the  Tartars  \  ftill  a  Bilhop's  See,  acknowledging  the  Patriarch  of 
Mofcbffiif,  and  of  the  Communion  of  the  Greek  Church ;  feated  upon 
the  Boryfibenes,  where  the  Cojjacks  have  often  had  their  Retreats :  It 
was  once  the  Seat  of  the  Ruffian  Emperors,  Taken  and  deftroyed  by  > 
iSa&  Tartars  i6i;.  and  faid  to  be  taken  by  the  Turks  in  the  War 
1678.  In  Podolia  flands  the  well-fortified  and  Impregnable  Kamie» 
niek,  oUni  Clepidava  tefte  Cleaver^  which  hasformerly  withftood  the  Ar- 
mies of  the  Turks,  the  Leffer  farters,  the  Tranjyhanians,  and  the  ?^- 
lacbians ;  but  at  length  was  forced  to  yield  to  the  Power  of  the  Grand 
Signior,  in  the  Year  1 672.  fince  re-taken  by  the  Poles,  but  by  the  laft 
Treaty  delivered  to  the  Turks ;  as  is  alfo  Oczakow,  thQAxiace  oiStrab. 
Plin,  &  Ptol.  1684.  theFortrefsof  jF<»/7ow/;einPo</(o/wwasfurrendred, 
which  confifted  of  f  00  men.  And  Dajjaw  at  the  mouth  of  the  Bor)^ 
fihenes. 

In  the  year  1626.  the  Cojfacks  entred  the  Boffhorus  with  1  fo  Sail  of 
Saicksor  Boats,  each  Boat  carrying  ;o  armed  men,  and  had  20  Oars 
on  a  fide,  and  two  men  to  an  Oar ;  and  on  the  Greci^iw-ihore  burnt 
BoynO'devi  and  Tenicbioi,  on  the  Afian-(]3it  Stenia,  and  put  Confiantimpk 
into  a  general  Confternation. 

On  the  Banks  of  the  River  NeiJ^er  Count  EfierhafikW  upon  the  Rear 
of  the  Turks,  killed  5*00  on  the  place,  took  their  Baggage  with  divers 
Prifoners,  and  gave  liberty  to  many  Chriftian  Slaves.  The  next  da>r 
he  charged  another  party,  killed  a  great  number,  and  gota  confidera* 
ble  Booty.  And  afterwards  having  got  more  Recruit,  he  joined  Bat* 
sel  with  them,  and  Cew  xzoo  on  the  plac^  gave  liberty  to  140a 

ChriiUaos^ 


^i 


■yxifii 


fr^ 


"WlUfWli"'   '  ' 


■^11,  jiiiii.jijn^i!imi^ni 


S9 


Of  PoUnd. 


Chriftians,  took  divers  oF  their  Commanders,  with  their  Bag  and 
Baggage,  with  much  Gold  and  Silver  in  Plate  and  Money. 

1624.  Forty  thoufand  Horfe  of  Tartars  enters  into  PoJolia,  and 
made  Incurfions  as  far  as  Socal ;  but  at  Rurfiinow  were  overthrown, 
thirty  thoufand  flain,  and  two  thoufand  Prisoners  taken,  thegreatefl: 
defeat  that  was  ever  given  to  the  Tartars,  ^«      '^  v  «*-     y-^^-  . > 

Upon  a  Hill  between  3>r  River  and  Cbojin,  Anno  1684.  the  Turks 
and  Tartars  being  60000  under  a  fi^j^,  received  agreatlofsby  Konis» 
f»o/as/titbe  Tolijh  General,  with  ijoo  Horfe. 

Here  are  reckoned  4  Archbifhopricks,  24  Bifliopricks,  and  ^  Uni- 
verfities.  Its  chief  Lakes  are  GoblaBeyfasy  and  Briale,  Its  chief  Moun- 
tains are  t\it  Carpathian  m\\%  dividing  this  Country  from  HMng^r), 
Tranfj/hania,  and  Moldavia,  s>^*^  ■': 


IJi»    •%¥'•  * 


mmi 


H^fi^mmm'^ 


'      ■viiVRSRi^pmnif' 


TH  £  Lefertarfary  which  lies  in  Europe,is  (b  called  to  diftingulfti 
it  from  the  Gr4»</,  which  makes  part  ofjifia;  it  is  alfo  called 
Precopenps  and  Crim,  from  the  Names  oi  the' principal  Cities^  fcitua- 
ted  in  the  Peninfula ;  formerly  called  Taurica  Cberfonefm  by  Vtol.  from 
the  T0uri  a  certain  People  ot  Sepiia  in  £»r<7/>r.  .S/r<7^0  calls  it  the  Scy- 
tbian  Cberfonef/tr,  P Imy  CiUs  it  the  Ten'mJulaoit^ieTamians,  ApftariHS 
calleth  it  the  PontickCberfonefus,  And  P.  Diaconus  calletii  itCberJenefa, 
The  JViigtf/i  74rf<in  muft  not  be  omitted,  that  lye  between  Tana*t  and 
rb^^;  nor  the  Tartars  oi  Ocziacoui  between  the  mouth  of  Boryfthenes 
and  the  Niejter^  nor  the  Tartan  of  ^Ws^i^rc^, mentioned  fage  $6,  to  the 
Eaft  oiMoUavid,  between  the  mouths  of  the  N^/)?fr  and  Donaw.  Be- 
iddes  all  thefe,  there  are  fome  that  are  letled  alfo  in  Lithttanid  and  the 
Ukraine,  adjoining  to  the  Black  Sea, 

The  Black  Sea  is  very  Tempeftuous ;  fo  named,  and  fo  famed  from 
the  terrible  and  frequent  Shipwracks  that  happen  in  it,  for  want  of 
skilful  Pilots,,  and  good  Havens.  And  the  people  that  inhabit  about 
it,  are  naturally  barbarous  and  wicked,  without  any  Religion,  and 
under  no  Government. 

The  Circumference  of  this  Sea  was  reckoned  by  Eratoflenes,  Heca^ 
tam,  -Ptol.  and  Ammianm  MarceHinm,  to  be  23000  Stadia,  or  2875" 
miles.  This  Sea  is  called  by  ClaudianttSy  Ponttts  Amaz,onius\  by  Flac" 
c«f,  Pont,,  Scytbicus  j  by  Fefi.  Avienus,  Pont  Tauricm ;  by  Heredotus  & 
Ovofiusy  MareCimmerium  j  by  Strabo,  MareColchicHm\  by  Tacitus,  Mare 
Ponticum  \  by  Ovid,  Mare  Sarmaticum  ;  by  Ihe  Italians,  Mar  Majore  j  by 
the  Greeks^  Mauratbalajja ;  by  the  Turks,  Caradenguis. 

The  Tbracian  Bofpberus  is  certainly  one  of- the  comelieft  parts  of  the 
World,  the  Channel  is  about  r  ^  miles  in  length,  and  about  two  in 
breadth  in  moft  parts.  The  Shores  confift  of  rifing  grounds  covered 
over  with  Houfes  of  Pleafure,  Woods,  Gardens,  Parks,  delightful 
Profpeds,  lovely  Wilderneffcs,  watered  with  thoufands  of  Springs 
and  Fountains ;  upon  it  are  feated  four  Caftles  well  fortified  with 
great  Gun?  two,  eight  miles  from  the  Black  Sea,  and  the  other  two 
near  the  n.-*uth  of  the  Channel,  built  not  above  forty  years  ago  to 
prevent  theCoJf'acks,^c.  from  making  Inroads  with  their  Barks. 

The  Linsmerian  Bojpherus  is  a  narrow  Sea  two  miles  broad,  which 
divides  Eyrope  frofn  j^jm,  and  by  which  thp  Mtotkk  Lake  doth  flow 
into  the  Euxine  Sea.  This  Strait  is  called  by  Martiamts,  Os  Mcotidis  j 
by  Alercellinus,  Putares  Augttflia  ;  by  the  Italians,  Boccadk  Jovanni  j  by 
Cafaldus,  Streto  diC^fai  and  by  the  Tartars,  Fofpera, 


I 


i. 


>«    i 


n 


r^iius 


'Mz---. 


mm.  I  .iff  II  n 


■qi;PP«Hli^l|I.IW«IIJ|l,       M 


SfP 


Tki  Itffif  T4Pf4n. 


.V 


Talus  Maotis  is  by  the  7»rifci  called  Baluck  Denguis,  th^t  \i,  Mare  Tij^ 
tium^  for  'tis  incredible  what  a  number  of  FiHi  is  caught  in  that  Lake. 
And  'tis  reported  that  they  ufually  taikjFifh  there,  which  weigh  eight 
or  nine  hundredpounds^andof  which  they  make  three  or  400  weight 
of  Caveer.  Their  Fifliing  lafts  from  Oiiohtf  to  April  The  Waters  do 
not  rife  or  fall,  though  it  partakes  of  the  Hiver  74<m»,  and  th^n- 
tercourfe  of  the  Eyxine  Sea.  This  Lake  is  commonly  called  Mtr  dt 
Zahacche,  or  Je  h  Tana,  Umen  actolit  j  by  die  Afobians,  Manl  Azacb, 
the  Sea.  > 

From  the  Channel  of  Pahs  Mrotis  to  Minffrtlia  'tis  reckoned  600 
miles  along  the  Coaft,  which  Confift  of  pleaunt  Mountains,  covered 
vvith  Woods,  Inhabited  by  the  Circaffiam;  by  the  TWA/ called  C/&«r;(i; 
by  the  Ancients,  Zageans ;  by  ?,Melaj  Sargacianf,  a  Country  reckon- 
ed by  the  Turks  not  worth  the  Conquering,  nor  the  charge  of  keep* 

Mig. 

The  Commodities  that  the  Turks  enehsLtigQ  for  with  the  Inhabitants, 
are  Slaves,  Honey,  Wax,  Leather,  Chacal-skins,  a  Beaft  like  a  Pox,  but 
bigger ;  ;|nd  Zerdavas,  which  is  a  Fur  that  r>efembles  a  Aiartm,  with  • 
the  Furs  of  other  Beafts  that  breed  in  the  Circajfan  Mountains.  The 
Cberks  are  a  people  altogether  Savage,  of  no  Religion,  unfaithful  and 
f  erfidious.  They  live  in  Wooden  Huts,  and  go  almoft  naked.  And 
the  Women  till  and  manure  theGround.  They  are  fworn  Enemies  to 
thofe  that  live  next  to  them,  and  make  Slaves  one  of  another.  They 
live  upon  a  kind  of  Pafte  made  of  a  very  fmall  Grain  like  to  a  Miller. 
But  of  this  Country  little  is  known  to  us;  and  what  is  difcovered,  is 
by  means  of  the  Slaves  that  are  brought  from,  thence  into  Turky,  who 
are  in  a  manner  Savages,  from  whom  nothing  of  certainty  is  to  be 
expeded. 

Crim  Tartary.  is  a  Teninfula  about  2co  miles  in  length,  and  5*0  in 
breadth,  wonderfully  populous,  and  exceeding  fruitful,  abounding 
in  Corn  and  Grafs,  but  Wood  and  Fuel  is  Icarce. 

The  Towns  oa  the  Sea- fide  are  Precopy  Lus  Iowa,  Mancup,  Crini, 
Caffa,  Kers,  and  Arhot ka,  vfhich  lies  between  the  Blaek  and  Maoton 
or  Ratten  Seas,  near  to  which  is  a  great  Field  jo  mile  long,  enclofed 
with  water,  where  theTarr<iri  in  Winter  do  keep  their  Hergees  or 
Horfes, 

Within  the  Land  are  C<Wi?/« ,  and  BakeJUy  Seray.  The  Town  of 
Afian}gor4>d  ftands  upon  the  Neiper,  in  former  times  there  dwelt  in  it 
two  Brothers  hgul  and  Ungul  ^  who  falling  atvariance>  and  that  end- 
ing in  cruel  Wars,  the  whole  Country  adjacent  (though  pleafant  and 
fruitful ), became  a  Wildernefs,  and  now  lietb  walte,  being  avail 

Defart, 


i 


\ 


w 


'',:'lr.> 


Thitiffef  Tiff  try*  ^ 

t)efartj  |o^  milcioref,  and  a  thoufafid  miles  long,  from  f^ff^^pamo  - 
the  Coufttfy  of  Mufi^jr,  •   -  ^  •,:; :  ;. . 

Caffa,  known  to  the  Ancienrt  by  the  haftieof  TbeoJofia,  is  a  g«it 
ToWHi  and  place  of  good  Trade^  wherein  are  reckoned  4000  Houfds, 
3000  inhaWied  by  Mahometans,  Turks  and  Tartars,  about  J  000  fa- 
milies of  Armenians,  and  Greeks,  who  have  their  feveral  Bllhops  and 
Churches,  that  of  St.  Vettr's  Is  the  biggeft.  but  fallen  to  decay ;  every 
Chriftian  above  1  y  years  of  Age  pays  a  Piafter  and  half  Tribute  to 
the  Grand  SigniOr,  who  is  Lord  of  the  City ;  which  is  guarded 
with  two  Caftles,  the  Caflle  apon  the  South-fide  commands  all 
the  parts,  and  is  the  Refidence  of  the  BafTa.  t'rovifions  of  all 
forts  are  very  good  and  cheap^  Their  chief  Trade  is  Salt-fif),  Caveer, 
Com,  Butter  and  Salt,  Formerly  poiTeiTed  by  the  Gehdtfe,  but  taken 
by  Mahofiiet  the  Great  1574.  hath  fince  been  fubjeA  to  the  Turks.  In 
1627^  it  Was  befiegedand  raken  by  the  Cdjfacks,  750  miles  reckoned 
from  Confiantinopte. 

Trecof,  in  Latin  Frecofia,  feated  neat  the  place  whtfre  ftood  the  Eu- 
feterea  of  the  Ancients.  ^By  the  Ancient  Greeks  called  Eupatoria,  Pom- 
feicpolis,  Saeer  Luctts,  Dromon  Achtllif,  Gracida  Hefaclia,  BakeJJ'y  >Serai,  , 
ot  Bfijho  Serf  ail,  is  the  Refidence  or  Court  of  the  prefent  kans  of  Tar» 
tary,  Maneup  is  a  ftrong  Town  where  the  Kan  is  faid  to  keep  his 
Treafiiry.    . 

Girm^H  or  Cr/m  was  the  ancient  Seat  of  the  Kans,  fuppofed  to  be 
thtTapbra  of  ?lii»y^  Of  Tapbras  oi  Ftohmy,  Once  a  famous  Colony  of 
the  Greciant, 

Kers,  ftands  upori  the  Eoffhofus  Cimerius,  or  the  ftrait  of  Capfja, 
tlot  far  from  the  fantkaf^tttrs  of  the  Ancients.  Oczakou  is  fcituaced 
near  the  inlhsst  of  the  great  River  Boryfibenes,  built  in  or  near  the  place 
oiGlUa. 

Tanas,  or  Tanais  of  Ttolomy,  fcituate  20  miles  from  the  mouth  of 
that  River,  is  the  laft  City  in  Europe,  now  fubjeft  td  the  Turks,  who 
have  there  aGarilbn,  and  by  them  called  Az,ac,  ot  Aza>w,  4p  miles 
from  Caffa,  and  1500  from  Confiatitinople,  In- 1637.  it  wasbefieged 
and  taken  by  the  Mufcwites  zmCoj]'acks,  In  the  Year  1641.  it  was 
not  recovered,  though  with  much  blood  and  flatighter  of  the  Army  of 
Sultan  Ibrahim  \  for  itcoft  2000  Spabees,  7000  Janijaries,  and  8000 
other  Soldiers,  befides  MoUaviarfs,  ^alacBians,  and  Tartars,  and  yet 
the  Turks  were  forced  to  raife  the  Siege,  and  return  home.  However 
the  next  year  it  was  abandoned  by  the  Cofacks,  and  left  a  fad  fpedtacle 
c^  defpair  and  ruin*  Sinc€  taken  by  the  Cz.ar  of  Mufcovy. 


N.* 


The 


^=;fP^*.ii I'-gti'-  gs 


■.  .    ■«»  -««ii«>l    I   .^^; 


mmm 


^if^ 


^x  The  Leffer  TATtirf. 

The  ancientlnhabitants  of  the  E«ropf<i»  lurtarp  or  Sermatia  Emcpaa, 
were  of  the  Scythian  Race ;  bnt  in  Cherfonefe  ic  lelf  dwelt  the  ancient 
Taurii  againft  whom  Varitu  King  of  ?€rCm  made  his  frui^lefs  War 
with  an  Army  of  700000.  In  the  adlions  of  the  Gretks  and  Rtfi- 
Tftavs  we  hear  nothing  of  them,  unlefs  that  the  Emperor  Trajan  took 
the  City  Taphree.  Afterwards  growing  great,  by  Conquering  the  /^Jia^ 
tick  Xartarsj  Mahon^et  the-Great  made  himfeli  Matter  of  Caffa  and 
Aztow^  thereby  commanding  both  Af^eri/,  and  the  £mm/»«  Seas.  And 
in  the  time  of  Selim/u  the  nrft,  who  had  Married  a  Daughter  of  this 
Crim  Tartar,  the  Turks  and  Tartars  grew  into  a  League .  And  tho  the 
Kan  or  Prince  be  £le<5tive,  yet  he  is  Chofen  out  of  the  true  Line> 
and  confirmed  by  the  Grand  Si^nior,  who  have  always  taken  upon  them 
a  power  to  Depofe  the  Father,  and  Conttitute  the  Son,  or  next  of 
that  liineage,  when  found  remifs  in  affording  their  Auxiliary  helps 
to  the  War,  or  guilty  ofan^  di&efpe^^  or  wane  of  Duty  to  the  Otto* 

-  The  Tartars  areEfteemcdas  Brothers,ornear  Allies  with  the  Turks, 
to  whom,  for  want  of  Heirs  Male  in  the  Ottoman  Line,  the  TurkijhEm'- 
pire  is  by  an  Ancient  Compad);  to  defcend ;  the  Expetftation  of  which 
'  doth  keep  the  Tartars  ia  mud^  Obfervance,  in-hQpes  one  day  to  be 
Lords  of  the  World.  "    ■;  ', 

.  In  the  Year  1663,  *^®  Tartars  called  to  the  Afliftance  of  the  Turks, 
made  fuch  Incurfions  into  Hungary,  Moravia,  and  SiUfia,  Sacking  and 
Burning  Cities  and  Towns,  that  they  carried  away  160000  Captivetf^ 
wliich  they  Sell  to  thft  Turks,  who  go  thither  to  Trade  for  this  Mer-^ 
chandiz^,  which  is  the moft  profitable  Commodity  that  T^rr^f^  affords; 
Young  Boys  and  Girls  are  rated  at  the  higheft  price ;  the  l$tter>  if- 
beautiful  are ,  like  Jewels,  held  at  unknown  Value,  thougUfewof 
them  efcape  the  Luft  of  the  Tartars,  .They  live  very  hardly,  and  feed 
efpecially  on  Horf^fleffi,  which  dying  in  their  march,  they  never  exa- 
mine his  Difeafe,  but  putting  the  Flelh  under  their  Saddles^  baking  it' 
between  the  heat  of  the  Hor(e  and  the  Man^  it  is  judged  fufficiently 
prepared,  a  Di(h  fit  for  their  Prince. 

And  as  the  poorer  fort  are  nourifhed  with  a  diet  of  raw  Fieib, 
Herbs,  and  Roots,  fuch  as  the  Earth  naturally  produces,  without  the^ 
Concodion  of  Fire  to  prepare  it  for  their  Stomacks ;  fo  alfo  their  Hor- 
fes  are  of  a  hardy  Breed,  patient  of  Hunger  and- Cold,  living  ufuaU 
ly  upon  Roots  and  Leaves  of  Trees. 

Their.  Towns  or  Villages  confift  of  Huts  rather  tban-Houfes,  or 
HurMes  made  of  flicks,  and  covered  with  a  courfe  Hair-cloath,  o£i 
which  Villages  there  are  accounted  200000;  fo  that  taking^one  maa 

-        .,...„/  /         ,.;..--v.-:      out 


< 


i 


■%./?; 


■■7-i':-^'- 
-^^ 


^^i 


mm 


mm 


mm 


The LefferTdrtntf.  .^  ^_    9)' 

crat  of  every  Village,  they  quickly  form  an  Army  of  fo  many  Fight- 
ing men.  Thefe  Portative  Houfes,  whjth  they-caHCai»;<ir«;  they  put  ' 
upon  Wheels,  and  dwell  in  them  more  in  the  Summ'er  than  in  the 
Winter. 

They  never  mind  Sciences,  but  underftand  what  they  know  by  com- 
mon fenfe;  at)d  therefore  'tts  faid  of  them,  That  they  have  eaten 
their  Books,  and  carry  them  in.  their  Stomacks. 

They  are  faid  to  be  To  much  of  the  nature  of  Dd^s"and  Cats,  that 
they  are  born  blind,  and  do  not' fi^  clear  till  after  five-  rJays.  ^  Their 
Eyes  are  not  very  large,  but  very  black ;  hi  afunder,  but  quick  and 
piercing.  They  are  rather  little  than  big,  but  very  Targe  limb'd* : 
Their  Breafts  high  and  broad,  their  Necks  fliort,  their  Heads  big, 
their  Nofes  flat,  their  Teeth  white,  their  Faces  round,  their Xom- 
plexion  tanned,  and  their  Hair  black  and  courfe;  whilft  they  aw  ^ 
young,  their  Mothers  bathe  them  in  Salt-water  to  harden  their  Skin. " 

Some  of  them  now  grown  Wealthy  by  the  Market  of  their  Slaves, 
throw  off  their  homely  plads,  to  wear  Sables  j  and  fome  more  fru- 
gal, build  Houfes,  eat  bread  and  fieOi,  and  drink  burnt  Wine,  an^ 
Metheglin.  Sit  JoknCbarJiH  tclk  iis,  at D^oji',  or  5i»/m<p,  f 0  miles 
from  Cafa,  there  are  200  Veflrels_yearly  laden  with  Salt;  arid  that 
about  a  mile&om  that  place  was  a  Tartarian  Habitarionv  but  not  above 
ten  or  t\8;'elve  Houfes  jwith  a  little  Mofque,  only  round  about  them  Were 
a  great  number  of  Tents  round  and  fqUare,  very  well  clofed,  as  alfo 
feveral  Waggdrts,well  clofed  and  covered,  which  ferve  inftead  of  Hou- 
fes. He  alfo  tells  us,  that  fome  of  their  Tents-  were  hung  with  Tapi- 
ftry,  as  alfo  the  Floors  covered  with  the  fame,  and  the  outfide  co- 
vered with  Furs  i  and  every  Family  hath  one  of  thefe  Tents,  and 
two  others,  one  for  their  Slaves  and  Provifions,  another  for  their 
Cattel.  That  they  ftore  up  their  Corn  and  Forage  in  deep  Pits  or 
Magazines  under  the  ground,  as  do  mod  of  tha  Eafiern  people.  IThe 
Riotous  and  Diflblute  addidt  themfelves  to  Strong-waters,  and  a 
Drink  called  Beza,  giving  themfelves  up  to  a  Gluttony  as  Brutilh  as 
that  which  is  natural  unto  Swine,  and  reft  delighted  with  the  meer 
contentment  of  Idlenefs  and  a  full  Stomack. 

Juftice  is  adminiftred  among  thtTartariam  by  the  Law  of  Mahomet, 
in  the  Cities  and  Towns  of  the  Chan,  and  the  other  Sultans :  They 
have  their  Priefts,  their  Judges,  and  their  Begi  or  PraefcAs,  who  ^o 
hear  and  decide  private  Injuries ;  but  the  Chan,  with  his  Counfel- 
lors,  do  judge  of  Capital  Matters,  as  Murther  and  Theft;  In decla- 
rmg  whereof  they  need  no  Law;^er  nor  Solicitor ;  they  ufe  np  fubtil- 
ties  i>r  tricks,  no  excufes,  or  prolonging  matters  by  delays ;  for  the 

.  ;   ■      -  meanife' 


V" 


h. 


S4  TbeLeJferTMrtify4 

tnwitR  of  them,  luyi  ftnngen^  do  freely  declare  their  own  wrongs 
and  grievances  betbce  thefidges,  ^ad  ^hie  Ci64»  Jiimielf,  by  whom 
theyarequlcklyhMrdaoddi^tched.  They  inftruft  their  Sons  when 
young,  in  the  Arabick  Language;  when  they  come  to  ripenefsof 
years,  they  ferve  the  Cbsn  or  the  SuUtttit  \  and  when  their  Daughters 
are  Marriageable^  they  marry  them  to  fonie  of  cheXhtef  tartars  or 
Turks.  The  Richeft  of  the  Tartars  in  tlte  Princes  Court,  eo  civilly 
anfl  decent  in  their  Apparel,  not  for  Oftentation  and  Pride,  but  as 
Neceflity  and  Decency  requires.  Their  Judges,acCording to  Mabamet'i 
Law,  are  a(;counted  Spiritual  men,  and  of  undoubted. Equity,  Inte- 
grity, and  Faithfulnedu  And  when  the  Chan  goeth  abiX)ad  in  publick, 
the  pooreft  men  may  have  accefs  unto  him ;  who  when  he  fees  them, 
will  examine  whi^c  their  wantsand  necefltties  are,  and  whence  they  do 
arjfo. 

"  Ifliali  only  add  thisacconnt  of  Tartary,  by  Majfellm  an  Italian, 
Phyfician  to  the  Grand  Viz,Ur:  I  for  my  part  found  Tartary  a  very 
pleafant  Countrey,  plentiful  of  all  ProviHons,  and  the  people  much 
more  courteous  and  oblhging  to  ftrangers  and  Chriftians,  than  the 
Turks  are.  That  as  to  their  Morals  few  Nations  i,:z  lefs  vicious,  being 
extremely  (evere  and  faithfiil,  having  no  Thieves,  ut  falfe  WitneiTes 
amongll  them,  little  injuftice  or  violence,  ahd  live  together  in  union 
and  peace.  And  that  the  captive  Tartars  in  Poland  ue  very  faithful 
and  juft  in  whatfoever  they  promile,  or  are  intcufted  with.         >  > 


■  \ 


*. 


• 

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Of 


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/         ^ 


J 


Honey 


_  Walwhla  on  this  fide  chs  Mountains.  It  is  very  Rich  in 
loney  anij  V^^i!,  6?r  which  the  Tenths  of  the  Prince  amount  Year- 
ly to  abo)^.,^ooooo  Cix^wns.  You  ihall  meet  with  feveral  Heaps  of 
ttones  wlnchtbey  reportlahave  be«i  caft  up  by  DariMs^  King  of  Ter^ 
fia,  when  he  made  War  againft  the  ScpLiafts.  The  Capital  Cities 
thereof  are,  Jajp,  or  JaJJum.  the  chief  Town  for  Wealth  andTrade. 


L.ti*^>««« 


mm 


aaasB! 


ffiim"w,fff'»<^^ 


ssmK 


■iMiiPlPpiiP 


■m 


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%, 


( 

i 


■^■ 


«.'^. 


■''■ «. 


^-' "  J 


«,■■■: 


9<5  ^     [ofWAlaM^: 

2.  Soczova,  Sotz,ow,  &  5f#l&2S0i^  wjistbe  Stteiiavo  of  Pw?.  c^  ^»/.  the 
Vaivod's  S^.  ^,  ChotM^An,  ;4r(»h'.?hr.  Baud,  a  place  of  great  ftrength 
near  the  K?/y?^^JIna  dhe  or^m^^  the  Q>untrey;  the 

place  where  the  Poles  were  defeated  under  King  Sigifmund  Augufim ; 
and  where  King  John  Sobietski,  a  little  before  his  Eledion,  won  the 
mod  memorable  Vidory  in  our  Age.  This  Countrey  was  firft  made 
a  Tutkifi  Province  by  Mahomet  the  great,  An,  i  ^74.  The  Eaftern 
part,  called  Bejf4rabia,  lies  upon  the  Black  Sea,  and  bebngs  to  the 
Grand  Senior,  who  isMafter  of  the  Mouth  of  the  Damw  and  Mf/***; 
and  who  ufes  all  ways  imaginable  to  Subdue  the  Rich  Provinces  of 
thQ.TJkraine,  Itschief  places  are  Biokgrod,  Moldavisy  Beligrad  Turcis,SL 
itrong  Town  near  the  mo^ith  of  the  River.  Kilia  is  thQCallatia&Cal^ 
Uds  Jnt, ,  CaUt^Strak  &  Plin,  ti^e  Laz,  But  Laonicus  tells  us,  that  CaU 
Utia  is  now,  called  Calliacra.  And  Niger  faith  *ti.<;  called  Pandalla,  on 
the  Euxitttr  Sea»  Ackerman  Turcis,  Moncafiro  IncolAs  the  Hernionajfa  Plirf, 
dr  Mel.  the  HermonaBm  Ptol,  tefie  Nigro.  Nefier  Alba,  Turcis  tefie  LeuncU 
Moncapro is tbcTyras  of  PtoLfefie  Berber (li,  Zotbez.avia,  Nigro,  a  ftrong 
place  on  thefame  Coafl'.  The  Seat  «f  a  Turkijh  Sangiac,  The  Plain  ot 
Budziack,  12  Leagues  long,  and  half  as  broad,  is  polfefTed '  by  the 
Dobruce  Tartars, y/ho  are  the  greateft  Robbers  in  thofefparts.  They 
are  aboutfi' foo(i^  ^P'^\y^  about  Bialigrod.  This  Countrey  became  Tri- 
butary to  the  7«rit/,ii»w  148  j** 


-i 


■'«««A 


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-,^'*^-i  I  i 


.*pr 


.  ^fH-r 


Of  l¥ A  LAC  HI  A 


vSv' 


^,' 


-■■%■: 


W  A  LAC  HI  A,  which  lies  to  the  South-Eaft  of  tranjihania, 
and  exc^ds  along  the  Danaw,  was  called  Walachia  TranfaU 
pina,  to  diftinguiHiit  from  Moldavia,  It  was  watered  by  a  great  many 
P/ivers.  Some  of  the  Mountains  are  enriched  with  Mines  of  Gold. 
iVnd  for  the  Horfes,  they  are  the  beft  in  Europe,  The  Prince,  who  is 
(bmetimes  called  Hojfodar^  and  irometinies^<»j'M'fl</f,  that  is  to  fay. 
Chief  of  the  Troops,  refidcs  at  Tehififcb,  Incol,  Tervis  Gal  Targ&vtfio 
Ital.  Tergowifcb  Germ,  Tergovifius,  or  Tergovifium,  Lat.  Auth.  Olim  Ti' 
rifcumVtol.  Taros  &  Tura  tefie  Laz.in,  And. pays  to  the  Grand  Signior 
26000  Livres  Annual  Tribute.  Its  other  places  Ai^e,  BraitofHijfthe  Piro- 
boridava  oiPteli  tefie  Ntgro,  the  Towft  of  moft  Trade,  icituat<S  on  the 
Datiaw,  memorable  for  the  Deftrudtion  and  Slaughter  made  by  John 
the  Vaivod  of  Moldavia.   '^:  .■  U  -^^v^  ».  •    A<i^v;  \,-.  ^  ^  -'i^jS^r "^  '  -'  '^ "' 

Zor" 


■J 


t^- 


OfUfti^jtvmi, 


^f 


7utiYia\  with  its  ftfong  Caftle,  taken  by  SigifmunJ,  Anino  i  f 96. 
Bucarefa  is  remarkable  for  two  Bridges ;  the  qne  of  Boats,  laid  by 
Simn  Bajja\  the  other  of  Stone,  the  Work  of  the  Emperor  Trajan, 


;>;'-**>    '/^"no -•  =  «'V'  ..'■.i.-'n'^i 


X- 


■V; 


Of  TRANSILVANIA. 


TRANSILV  ANl  A,  fo  called  from  the  Hercynian  Woods, 
and  Carpathian  Mountains,  wherewith  it  is  encompaffed.  The 
Dacia  Mediterranea  of  the  Ancients,  by  the  Romans  called  DaciaRtpe*>' 
fisy  &  Vannadacia  ;  by  the  Hungarians y  Erdelyi  called  alfo  Seftem  Cajlra, 
,  from  the  German  name  Siehnhrgen,  by  reafon  of  the  feven  Ciries  or 
Seats  which  the  5«»a,o»j  built  there,  viz,  Hermenfiat,  Cronjtat,  Nofenfiat, 
Medvfifch,  Schteshurg,  Claufenhurg,  &  WeiJJenburgh.  Divers  Nations  for- 
merly inhabited  this  Countrey ;  as  the  Jazyges,  by  Pliny  called  Adeta- 
nafia  ^  the  Getes,  Bafiernians^  Sarmatians,  Gracians,  Romans,  Scythians, 
Saxons,  and  Hungarians.  The  Romans  did  conquer  it,  when  the  Em- 
peror Trajan  overcame  Decehalus,  King  of  Dacia^  and  reduced  it  into 
the  form  of  f  Province,  calling  their  City  Zarmizegethufa,  after  his 
own  name,  Ulpia  Trajana.  But  Galienus  loft  it  200  years  after.  After 
the  Romans,  the  Scythians  under  the  Condudl  of  Attilla,  feated  them- 
felves  in  this  Countrey,  and  built  feven  Cities,  the  names  whereof 
are  Orbay,  Kyfdi,  Czyck,  Girgio,  Marotts,  Arania,  and  Seffi, 

The  Saxons  fucceeded  the  Scythians  in  the  time  oi  Charles  the  Great, 
who  followed  the  example  of  the  Scythians,  and  built  the  feven 
Cities  aforefaid.  Laftly,  the  Hungarians,  who  mingled  themfelves 
with  the  Dacians ;  and  afterwards,  being  provoked  by  Injuries,  they 
conquered  the  whole  Countrey,  in  the  Reign  oi Stephen  King  of  Pane 
nia.  The  Mountainous  part  of  Tranfylvania  was  fubdued  by  -Alatthias 
Huniades,  who  took  Dracula  their  ^aivod'e  or  Prince,  a  man  of  un- 
heard of  Cruelty ,  anci  after  10  years  Imprifonment,  reftored  him  to 
his  former  place.  Tranjihania  is  now  divided  into  three  Nations, 
differing  both  in  Manners  and  Laws ;  viz.  the  Cicult,  or  Ztkkrs,  de- 
fcended  from  the  Scythians,  who  are  a  fiery  and  Warlike  kind  of  peo- 
ple, amongft  whom  there  are  no  Noble,  or  Rufiicks,  but  all  of  them 
of  one  rank.  2.  The  Saxons.  3.  The  Hungarians,  who  call  them- 
felves the  Nobles  of  the  Countrey,  and  have  great  Power  and  Autho- 
rity-over the  relt. 


■  \'> 


.or' 


o 


As 


'■..^i 


m 


mm 


■ppw 


^ 


Of  TfMfjhtuii. 


.. 


\\ 


" 


As  to  the  payment  of  Taxes  and  Tributes,  it  is  divided  into  eighir 
principal  Circles  onDiviHons,  called  Chapters ;  in  which  are  contain- 
ed ?  6  Royal  Towns,  and  more  than  176  Towns  or  Villages,  befides 
their  principal  Cities,  which  are,  i.  Hermanfiadt  Ger.  Czehen  or  Zekn 
Hung,  the  Cibinium  &  Hermanmpohs  of  the  Ancients,  yielded  by  the. 
Turks  i6f9,  after  much  Slaughter,  and  a  ftout  Refiflance ;  is  the 
Refidence  of  the  Prince,  a  ftrong  City,  well  fortified  both  by  Art  and. 
Nature.  Waradin  ^  or  Gros  fVardeyn,  Ger.  has  been  extraordinarily 
fortified  by  the  Turks,  who  have  there  made  a  Magazine  of  Arms 
ever  fince  the  Year  1660  ;but  upon  Jurte  the  ^th,  1692.  after  many 
vigorous  Seiges  and  Attacks  made  by  the  Germans,  being  no  longer 
able  to  hold  out  againft  their  Efforts,  and  defpairing  of  any  Relief 
the  Garifon  capitulated  j  and  upon  the  5*/^.  400  Germans  took  polTel- 
fion  of  the  Principal  Pofls  of  the  Fortrefs ;  and  upon  June  the  ^b, 
the  Turks  marched  out  of  the  City,  and  gave  entire  PolTeflton  to  the. 
Germans.  This  properly  belongs  to  Hungary.  Cron(tat,  Kronfat  Germ* 
Brajjow  vel  Brajfowa  Hung.  BraJ/'a'W  Incolis,  the  Patrovtffa  of  Ptol,  Stepba- 
Tiopolis,  Corona,  &  Pratoria  As^ufia,  Vet.  is  remarkable  for  a  fair  Libra*- 
ry,  and  a  kind  of  Academy,  and  the  moft  noted  Emporyof  the 
Countrcy,(eated  amougfl  pleafant  Mountains^and  fortified  with  Walls, 
Ditches  and  Rampires.  I^ofenfiadt,  Germ.  Biflritia  &  Bef^ereze  Hung, . 
the  Nentidiva  Vet.  tirnvd^v*,  in  Old  Manufcripts ;  is  a  pleafant  and 
fweet  Town.  Claufenburgh  Germ.  Kolofivar  Hung.  Claudiopolisi  Vet,  Zeug- 
9fia  Ptol.  &  aliis.  Befieged  by  the  7«r/&/,  Defended  by  D,  Retani,  and 
Relieved  by  Scheniden  with  6000  men,  1661.  But  Lazim  tells  us,  that 
Zeugma  is  the  Zazfebes,  Hung,  or  the  Mulenbach  Ger.  three  Leagues  dU. 
ftant  from  Claufenburg  towards  the  South,  feated  in  a  pleafant  Plain,. 
beautified  with  handfome  Buildings,  and  is  the  Court  of  their  Judi- 
cature; The  firft  Seat  of  the  Saxons. 

Weij[embu:g,  >  Germ,  Gyula-Feierovar,  Hung,  Alhajulia  or  Alba'CiuIia,  , 
the  Atulum  of  Ptol.  was  the  ordinary  Refidence  of  the  Prince,  or 
Vayvod  of  Tranfyhania.  Anciently  called  Tarmts ;  andin  Trajan  s  time 
it  was  the  Palace  of  King  Decebalus,  Varhellncolis.  Gradifcb  Sclavo.  Vec» 
zol  &  Venecz,  te[ie  Lazio,  is  the  Zarmigetbufa,or  Zarmifogethufa  of  Ptol, 
&Ulp$a  Trajana,  Vet.  Megies,  or  Medgis  Hung,  &  Megefwar^  Medwlfcb 
Germ.  Meaiefus  Lat,  the  Pirum  of  Ptol.  Segefuiar  Incol.  Scbiesburg  Ger. 
Sciburgium  Lattnis,  is  the  Sandava  of  Ptol.  tefie  Lazio.  Janova,  befieged 
by  the  Grand  Vizier,  i6y8.  and  taken. 

The  Countrey  naturally  abounds  with  Wine,  Corn,  Fruit,  and 
Cattel  J  which  the  Coin  of  Trajan  doth  witnefs,  in  which  Ceres  ftood 
holding  in  her  right  hand  the  Horn  of  the  Goat  Amak.baa,  which  fig- 

nifieth 


.-■li 


Of  TrunJytvMU.  .      .;;^         99 

•liifieth  Plenty;  and  in  her  left  hand  a  Table  with  this  Infcription  or 
Motto,  AhmAancta  Dacia,  The  People  are  much  of  the  fame  Nature 
with  the  Hungariansy  to  whom  they  have  been  for  a  long  time  fubjedl, 
%ut  are  Ibmewhat  more  iiubborn  and  untraceable ;  andl^eak  the  fame 
Language,  with  fome  difference  in  the.  Dialed  only. 

Oneof  the  principal  Revenues  of  Tratffyhania  confifts  in  Salt,  which 
is  chiefly  made  at  for  da ;  from  whence  they  fend  it  into  Hungary  by 
the  River  Marifh,  There  are  alfo  Mines  of  Gold  and  Silver,  and 
fdmetimes  great  pieces  of  pure  Gold  are  found  in  the  Rivers,  that 
need  no  refining  :  So  that  the  Hungarians ,  when  they  poffeffed 
Tranfyhania,  called  it  their  Treafury.  Copper  is  digged  out  of  the 
fame  Mountains  that  the  Gold  and  Silver  comes  out  *  f.  Steel  is  dig> 
ged  and  found  at  Cjk;  Iron  at  Thorofco)  Sulphur  and  Antimony  are 
found  in  the  Copper  Mines.  There  are  feveral  forts  of  Religions  in 
Tranhlvania\  for  Catbolicks,  Lutherans,  and  Calvinifts,  had  the  freeEx- 
erciie  of  their  Religion  there  ever  fince  the  beginning  of  this  Age. 
The  two  Families  of  Bathori  and  Ragotzi,  have  afforded  this  Coun- 
try feveral  Princes :  It  being  made  aSoveraignty  in  the  year  i  y  12.  by 
John  ZapoUa,  by  favour  oiSolyman  theGreaf..  Th,Q\3& Ragotz^i,  who 
was  (lain  in  Battel  againftthe  Turks,  in  the  year  16^9,  was  the  four- 
teenth Prince:  He  ftyl'dhimfelf.  By  the  Grace  of  God,  Prince  of  the  King- 
dom of  Tranfylvania,  Lord  of  one  fart  0/ Hungary,  and  Earl  of  the  Cicu- 
fians.  He  paid  Annually  to  the  Grand  Signior  a  Tribute  of  ;ooooZ)o/- 
lars'^  the  Minifters  of  the  Port  have  advanced  it  to  five  hundred  thou- 
fand  Rix-dollars.  The  Emperor,  as  King  of  Hungary,  pretends  to  have 
the  Right  of  Inflallation  of  the  Prince  of  Tranfylvania :  For  the  Em- 
peror Rodolphffs  Eftablifhed  Botfcai,  upon  Condition  that  the  Princi- 
pality fhould  return  for  defed  of  IfTue  Male. 

It  hath  three  Navigable  Rivers.  The  Aluta  or  Avata,  by  the  Hung. 
called  Ult,  by  the  Ger.  Alth.  Mavifus  Strab.  Marm  Tacit,  Maros  Hung. 
Merifcb  or  Marifcb  Ger.  Marons  Incolis,  both  rifing  out  of  the  CicuJcan 
Mountains;  the  firft  falleth  into  the  Danube,  th^  other  into  the  Tibtfcu.f. 
The  third  is  Samris,  or  Samofcb,  by  the  Ger.  Thimes.  It  hath  many  Lakes 
and  (landing  Waters,  which  are  full  of  excellent  Fifh. 

It  hath  great  Forefts,  and  fpacious  Woods,  in  which  are  Bears,  IVtld 
Oxen,  Elkes,  Harts,  Leopards,  Martins,  Does,  and  White  Harts. 

What  fhould  I  mention  the  divers  kind  of  Birds,  as  Eagles,  Faukom, 
TheafantSy  Partridges,  Peacocks,  &c.  ?  And  why  fhould  I  reckon  the  fV^^ 
ter-Fowl,ns  Sv:ans,  Buftards,  PJttp^--^  &c.  ?  Thisfhall  fuffice  concerning 
Tranfylvania, 


O  2 


Of 


mppiiUii  niiiiMJi 


r 


:i 


100 


,;^:^: 


HU  NG  AR  I  A,  Lat.  Ind'tginii  Maghr.  Slavh  WagknkayGermaf: 
nis  Hungerland,  Gallis  Huttgrie,  Italis  &  Hifpanis  Ongaria,  now., 
vulgarly,  but  improperly,  called  the  Panmnia  of  the  Ancients. 

The  ancient  Inhabitants  were  xhQjax.iges,  Metanafia oi  Ptol.  inclur 
ded  within  the  Rivers  Daww  and  Tiffa,  and  the  Carpathian  Mountains : 
Far^  of  the  £><ic// lying  Eaft  of  the  River  T{ffh  or  Tibifcm    The  Vaoms 


Of  HttngtLrh*:^         \'  lor 

or  Pantiofiiif  inhabiting  beyond  the  Damw,  betwixt  it  and  the  Savw  > 
afterwards  it  was  the  Seat  of  the  Hunsy  Longabards  and  Avaresy  and 
laftly  of  the  Hungarians.  So  called  from  the  Hum  and  Jvares,  a  Peo- 
ple known  by  the  Rapines  they  committed  in  feveral  parts  of  Europe 
under  AttilaonQ  of  their  Kings,  whofe  mighty  AAs  and  numerous 
Forces  are  very  remarkable.  He  it  was  that  over-ran  moft  part  of 
Germany f  and  great  part  of  Italy y  that  forced  his  way  through  all  the 
Nations  between  him  and  Francey  beating  down  all  the  Towns  and 
FortrelTes  before  him.  That  compelled  the  Emperor  Tbeodojius  to  buy 
his  Peace  at  6000  Pound- weight  of  Gold,and  a  yearly  Tribute  ;  Sack- 
ed and  burnt  ey^^uilea  and  Milan,  fought  the  great  Battel  with  t/Etius 
the  Roman  General,  where  were  ten  Kings  prefent,  and  zoooao 
flain.  ,  -  *    ! 

Once  a  great  and  flourirtiing  Kingdom,  whofe  Dominions  extended 
as  far  as  t\\Q  Adriatick  And  EuxmeScA.  Now  divided  by  the  Damw  in- 
to the  Upper  Hungary ^  lying  North  of  the  River ;  and  the  Lower 
Hungary  lying  towards  the  South,  containing  before  the  Turkijh  Sub- 
jection, 5-4  Juridiciai  Refortsor  Counties,  viz.  Abanvivarienfis,  d' Aban- 
vivar  i.  Alhen/isj  d'Ekekes-Feyeruar  2.  Arvenjis  d'Arva,  3.  Barfien- 
y/jdeBars4.  Barz,odietjfis  dtiivzoA  ^.  J?«f/j;f w/?^,  de  Bath  6. .  Bibs" 
rienjisy  de Debreczln 7.  Bijlrkienfisy de Biftricz  8.  Bidogenfisy de  Bo- 
drogh  9.  Cajiriferrenfisy  4q  Sarwar  10.  CepufievfiSy  dc  Czepufs  11. 
C/&o»<ii'//f»/J!f,  deChonad  12.  Co»*»r««/J!f,  deKomara  15.  Gevinarien- 
fisy  deGewinar  14.  Hewejevfiiy  Hewecz.  15*.  Nontenfis^  de  Sag  16. 
JavarienJiSy  de  Gewer  IJ. .  LiptovtenJtSf  6q  LypcZB  18.,  Moramarufien' 
Jisy  de  Moramaruls  19.  Mufonienfisy  de  Muzon  20.  NUrienfiSy  de  Ney- 
tracht  21.  NovigradienfiSy  de  Novigrad  22.  Orodienfis  Czongrad  23. 
Telyfienjisy  Pelicz  24.  Veregienfisy  de  Peretzaz  25".  Pejlen/is,  de  Pert  26. 
Pp^^icw/?i  de  Pofega  27.  Po/fl«/e»/M,  dePofon  28.  Ri/i(v//Sy  dcKrziCs 
or  Creutz  29.  Sagorienpiy  de  Sellia  5.0.  Salladienjis  de  Salawer  5 1. 
SarienJiSy  de  Saraz  3  2.  Semlynienfisy  de  Semlyn  33.  Sigeten/iiy  de  Szy- 
geth  34.  SimlgienJtSy  de  Zegzard  3  f,  Sirmknfisy  de  Szerem  jii.  So- 
■pronienjiiy  uC  Sopron  37.  Strigonienfisy  de  Gran  38.  Ternefuevjisy  de 
Temefuar  39.  7o/wf»yw,  de  Tolna  40.  Tor<j!Mf<j//ew/j',  deThurtur  41. 
Tornenfisy  de  Torna  42.  TranfchinienJtSy  de  Tranfchyn  4;.  Tw^ocenfiSy 
de  Owar  44.  ValconienJtSy  de  Valpon  47.  '/aradienfis  de  Varadin  46* 
VaranienpSy  de  Baranyuar  47.  Veffrintietifit y  de  Vefprim  48.  Ugog- 
henfisy  de  Ugoza  49.  Unghejjfuy  de  Unghwar  fo.  Z^bokenftiy  de 
Chege  y  I.  ZagrabienfiSy de  Zagrabla  ^2.  Zatmarienjisy de  Zatmar  y 3. 
Zdn'oanjiij  de  ^olnock  5-4, 

Pacific  N.  W.  Historv  Dapt. 


Fiift, 


PROVING  I  a:,  L.iJRAi^r 


VICiOiiiA,  13.  C. 


V 


^ipiip' 


pp»^"i^^ 


j62 


Of  Huftf^drU, 


\ , 


-I 


Firft  Invaded  by  Amitrah  thefecond  0//^«^<w Emperor  of  thtTmhl 
with  almoft  incredible  numbers  of  men,  who  yet  found  that  the  vali- 
ant OfF-fpring  of  the  once  Vi<aorious  Huns  were  not  fo  eafilyfubdued, 
but  ftood  as  the  Bulwark  of  the  Chriftian  World  for  300  years,  put- 
ting a  ftop  to  the  Turki^  Conqueft,  and  further  Invafion  into  the  other 
parts  of  Europe ;  no  other  Nation  being  able  to  check  their  unruly 
Rage,  nor  fet  bounds  to  their  Empire.  Yet  fuch  was  the  unhappy 
fate  of  That  People,  that  after  long  Wars,  fundry  Vidories,  and 
brave  Refiftances,  it  was  for  the  greateft  part  inthralled  to  the  Turks  \ 
the  reftj'^containing  about  a  third  part,  obeyed  the  German  Emperor  of 
the  Houfeof  ^uftria,  defcended  Irom  y^»««  Sifter  to  Lewis  the  Second, 
the  laft  Native  Prince,  flaip  by  Solyman  at  the  Battel  of  Mobacz. 

But  thofe  that  write  the  Hiftory  of  Hungary ,  tell  us,  that  though 
Scruples  of  Confcience,  and  Contefts  about  Religion,  have  been  the 
Preteniions  of  the  Difcontents  and  Rebellions  there ;  yet  Ambition 
and  Soveraignty  have  been  the  caufe  of  the  Wars  and  Miferies  of  that 
bleeding  Country.  That  their  own  DiviHons  indeed  contibuted  to 
rheir  Subje<Aion ;  for  neither  the'  Roman  Eagle,  nor  the  Ottoman  CreC 
cent  had  waved  proudly  over  their  lofty  ToWers,  had  not  the  Civil 
DilTentions  ofthe  Inhabitants,  by  wounding  deep  each  other's  Boibms, 
made  way  for  the  Enemy. 

The  Soil  of  Hungary  is  very  fertile ;  the  Plains,  which  are  exceed- 
ing lovely,  bear  Corn  in  abundance ;  and  the  little  Hills  produce  ex- 
cellent Wines  ;  thofe  of  Tokay  are  highly  efteemed  j  the  5/Vw<«»  Wines 
are  very  rich  and  pleafant.  And  its  deep  Pafturages  are  ftored  with 
infinite  Herds  of  large  and  fat  Cattel. 

It  alfo  exceeds  moft  Countries  of  Europe,  in  Mines  of  Gold,  Silver, 
Tin,  Lead  and  Copper ;  as  alfo  Baths  and  Mineral  Waters,  fome  of  a 
flrong  nature,  which  falling  upon  the  ground,  is  turned  to  a  Stone ; 
others  again  flow'  in  Winter,  and  freeze  in  Summer ;  others,  which 
falling  into  Ditches  make  a  kind  of  mud,  out  of  which  tried  and  melt- 
ed they  make  very  good  Copper ;  and  others  there  are  that  turn  Iron 
into  Copper. 

The  Veins  of  the  Copper-Mine  Tnear  Newfol)  are  very  large,  and 
the  Ore  is  very  rich  j  in  a  hundred  pound  of  Ore  they  ordinarily  find 
20/.  of  Copper,  fometimes  30,  40x0  60  in  the  hundred  ;  there  are 
alfo  two  Springsof  a  Vitriolate  Water,  which  turnlslron  into  Copper 
in  14  days  time,  and  the  Copper  thus  changed,  is  more  du(Slile, 
ntaleable,  and  more  eafily  melted  than  the  other. 
^  Three  Hungarian  miles  from  Newfol,  and  two  from  Chremnitx,,  there 
a^e  divers  Hot  Baths  of  great  efteem,  and  much  frequented ;  at  Boinitz, 

there 


►)'.-'4-V- 


are 
»per 
;ile, 


I  - 


Of  HHfigirU.  ;       toj 

there  are  al(b  five  natural  Barhs;,  of  a  gentle  heat,  and  dehghtful 
to  bathe  in,  being  beautified  by  Count  Valfi,  then  Palatine  of  Hun. 
gary.    .■,';•.'*■•  "'-''.<^'  /  mv,*; 

[t  produces  abundance  of  Salt,  and  other  Provifions  for  Humanis 
fliftenance,  plenty  of  Deer,  Hares,  all  forts  of  Poultry,  Partridges 
and  Pheafants,  great  (tore  of  Sheep,  great  numbers  of  Oxen,  of 
which  1 00000  are  yearly  fent  into  Italy  and  Germany. 

The  Hungarians  are  generally  Warriers  and  good  Soldiers,  ftrong 
of  Body,  well  proportioned,  and  valiant ;  more  addi(5{;ed  to  Mars 
than  to  Minerva ;  cruel,  and  great  Eaters.  Their  Habits,  as  well  as 
their  Manners,  are  not  far  different  from  thofe  of  the  Turks ;  their 
Language  is  a  kind  of  Sdavoniany  but  differing  in  moft  places.  But  yet 
the  Latiny  the  Turkijhj  and  the  High  Dutch  are  in  ufe  among  them. 
There  are  two  Arcbbifhopricksj  Strigonium,  and  Coloeza,  with  ten  Bi- 
fhopricks,  the  half  whereof  were  in  the  hands  of  the  Turks;  Four  Or- 
ders of  Perfons  have  liberty  to  fit  in  their  General  Affemblies,  the  Pre- 
lates, Barons,  Nol^ility  and  RurgeJJ'es.  The  Dignity  of  Palatine  is  the 
molt  confiderable,  next  to  that  of  the  King,  for  which  reafon  the 
Hungarians  would  admit  of  no  King  but  one  of  thdr  own  Nation.  The 
Archbifiiop  of  Strigonium  is  Primate,  and  Perpetual  Chancellor  of  the 
Kingdom,  and  Crowns  the  King  after  his  EleAion. 

The  chiefeft  ftrength  of  the  Country  confifts  in  Light  Horfe;  The 
Horfemen  are  there  called  Hujjars,  and  the  Infantry  Heiduejues.  Be- 
fides  Extraordinaries,  the  Emperor  draws  out  of  what  he  poiTeiTes  in 
Hungary  about  a  Million  of  Livres  every  Year;  that  is,  from  the  Sil- 
ver Mines,  his  Impofition  upon  Houfes,  and  his  Tax  upon  Cattel  Ex- 
ported. The  Grand  Signior  requires  a  Caraz,  from  thofe  that  are  under 
his  Jurifdidlion ,  who  pretends  to  all  Hungary,  and  the  Dominions  be- 
longing to  it,  by  virtue  of  the  Submiflion  made  to  Solyman  by  Sigif- 
mundy  Son  to  King  John,  Count  of  Cepufa,  and  by  the  Queen  his 
Mother. 

The  chief  Rivers  of  Hungary  are,  firft  the  great  Danuhius  of  Ployk 
Strab.  Plin.  &  aliis,  Danubio  Ital.  &  Hifpan,  Danube  GaOis.  Danaw  d^ 
Thonaw  Germanis,  which  runneth  quite  through  Hungary^-  making  a 
Courfe  for  above  300  miles  from  Presburg  to  Belgrade,  And  from  thence 
pafling  by  the  Shores  oiServia,  Bulgaria,  Wallachia  and  Moldavia,w'nh 
many^ouths  it  entereth  into  the  Euxine  or  Black  Sea.  Having  from 
its  firft  fource  performed  a  Courfe  of  above  i  f  00  miler. 

No  River  whatfoever,  fo  far  from  its  difcharge  into  the  Sea,  aflford- 
cth  more  Naval  Veftels  of  ftrength  and  fufficiency  for  Fight.  T!ie 
Emperor  hath  his  Veli«ls  of  War  built  like  Gallies  at  Vienna,  Preshur/, 

and 


V 


104  ^/  ^iftf^g^f^'        '     . 

an3  Comorra,  and  an  Arfenal  for  Provifions  of  mofe,  upon  occafioni* 
The  Turk  once  had  his  Veflels  at  Grartj  BuJa,  and  Belgrade, 

Nor  hath  any  River  afforded  the  like  Signal  Engagements  and  En- 
counters at  this  diftancQ  from  the  Sea.  At  the  Seige  of  Belgrade  Ma-  , 
hornet  \hQ  Great  brought  200  Ships  and  Gallies  well  ftored,  up  the 
Stream.  And  the  Hungarians  fentas  many  down  from  Buda^  that  af- 
ter a  Iharp  Encounter,  they  took  twenty  of  the  Turkifh  Veflels,  and 
forced  the  reft  on  fliore,  near  .the  Camp  ;  fo  that  Mahomet  cauikd 

'  them  to  be  fct  on  fire  to  prevent  the  falling  of  them  into  the  Enemies 
hand.  At  the  Siege  of  Buda  the  Chriftians  had  24  Galliots,  80  fmall 
Pinnaces ,  and  about  100  Ships  of  Burden,  and  other  great  Boats, 
when  all  mifcarried  under  Count  Regenfdorff. 

At  the  Siege  of  Vienna  by  Solyman,  fVolfgandm  Hodder  did  a  good 
piece  of  Service  with  his  armed  Veflels  from  Preshrg^  who  fank  the 
Turkish  Veflels  that  came  from  Buda  with  the  great  Ordnance  to  bat- 
ter the  Walls  of  K;(?«»<r. 

Nor  doth  any  River  afford  fo  large  and  well-peopled  Iflands;  the 
raofl:  confiderable  is  th'e  Ifland  of  Scbuty  or  Infula  CituQrMm,  with  its 
feveral  Iflands  in  it,  containing  many  good  Towns,  befides  many  Vil- 
lages well  peopled,  and  well  fortified  againft  the  Incurfioris  df 'Ifeie 
Turks  and  Tartars.  And  the  Ifland  Raah  made  by  the  great  and  lefler 
•Rivers  Raah.  There  is  aiio  another  Ifland  againfl:  Mohatch;  another 
at  the  entrance  of  the  Dra-vui;  and  a  new  Ifland  hard  by  Belgrade ; 
fifty  years  fince  there  was  no  face  of  an  Ifland  ;  but  by  the  fetlingof 
the  Oufe  orfilth  brought  down  by  the  Savus  and  the  Damhey  it  is  now 
full  of  Trees,  and  what  advantage  or  difadvantage  this  may  be  to 
Belgrade,  doubtlefs  a  little  time  may  fhew,  tho  the  Turks  once  were 
very  fecure  and  fearlefs  of  any  Forces  in  thefe  parts.  Between  Vice- 
grade  and  Vacia  there  is  St.  Andrews,  or  Vizze,  a  fair  and  large  Ifland. 
A  Vittcbdow  Buda,  there  is  Ratzenwarckt  li[An6,  extending  in  length 
40  miles,  containing  many  Villages  in  it.  Here  the  Turkifi  Forces 
Encamped  when  they  came  to  raife  the  Siege  at  Buda, 

2. ''The  Tibifcus  Viol.  Ttbefis  Herod.  TathiJJits  Plin.  Tijianus  Jornand, 
Tijjia,  Laz,  vulgo  Teifs  j  arifing  in  the  County  of  Moramarujtus,  out  of 
the  CarpatbiatfMouMzxns,  At  Tokay  it  t^kes  in  the  Bodroch  or  Bodrogus\ 
at  Kafcaw  the  Tarczi,  the  Hewatz,  Hovatb  or  Hemacb  meets,  and 

,  rolling  down  the  Mountains,  receives  the  Scheya  and  Gayo  Rjkers  at 
Onoth,  and  a  little  further  they  all  four  fall  into  the  Ttijlfe,  At  Zalnock 
the  Zagywa,  the  Twna,  Surwizza  and  Ganges j  fall  into  it.  At  Czon- 
grod  the  Kalo,  the  Sebeskeres,  the  Fekierkenz  olim  Cbryfus  R,  Keureuz  In- 
col.  KraiJJ'.  Germ,     At  Seged,  the  Marifus  Strab,  Marus  Tac.  Maros  Hung, 

Merijxh 


\- 


\. 


rogus; 
and 

ers  at 

Slmock 

tz,  In- 
Hung, 

lerijxb 


■  ■*,■*. 


./ 


Aierifcb,  or  MarifeJfG&m.  Manns  Incplis,  Laftly,  the  Ttms  Riyer falK 
into  it,  near  us.own.cooflrtcnce  into  the  Papftie^  \>ciw9^tiF(tro^FaraT 
Jin  sinci  Belgr^k4e:  By  this ^%%^ .TeiJJ'e  comeiji 4<>wft  thc^gje*^  quanr 
tity  of  Natural  Sak-ftcwe  tal^ea  put  pf  the  mA^y  ^a\t-h^f}^$u}  Hungary 
SLtidlTranfyhama,  and  carried  into  the  adjacent  and {^djgnDOunng 

Countries.  ■  vtu  ^h■^ -■.-:'■..  ^  .!    ••;;■.  ■^"".■m-n-^-:- 

3.  On  the  Weft-f?4e  of  Hungary  is  the  River  ^^ah  Ant,  Narabo 
Ttil,  Now  the  Raah J  riCmgin  Styria,  atid  falling  intofi^e^pP^vM^^  by 
Javarin  or  Rahy  receivipg  thf  Laufnit^y  Binca  and  Gurtz,.]^'A.  confi- 
derable  River,  and  famous,  for  in  the  Year.  1664,  Germany  was  much 
alarmed  at  the  raifing  of  the  Siege  at  Camfa,  and  taking  the  Fort  Se* 
rini,  much  more  at  the  Turks  paffage  over  this  River  Raab;  but  the 
extraordinary  Valour  of  the  Ghriltians,  efpeciaUy  the  French,  put  them 
to  a  fliafneful  Flight,  (o  that  jiftcr  8000  loft  upon  th'^ place. neai;  Saint 
Go/i64r J,  crowding  ^n  heaps  to  pafs  t(^e  River>  ttiejiorfe  trampled 
upon  the  Foot,  and  the  Foot  throwing  themfelves  headlong  into  the 
water,  together  with  the  Horfe,  funk  down  and  periflied,  fo  that 
the  water  was  died  with  blood,  and  ^he  whole  Rivier  covered  with 
Men,  Horfe  a^d  Garments^,  all  fwimming  promifcuoufly,  together  ; 
no  difference  We  between  the  yaliant  and  the  Coward^  ifh^Pobjifl^ 
and'the  Wi(e,  all  being  involved  in  the  fame  violence  and  Calamity ; 
fb  that  t{)e  waters  devoured  a  far.  greater  number  than  the  Sword, 
3Ji(h|lft  the  Grand  Vifier  Acbntet  ftanding  on  the  other  fide  of  the  Ri- 

'tir  able  to  ^Iford  no  kind  of  help,  and  as  void  of  all  Counfel^nd  Rea- 
fon,  knew  not  wh^re  to  apply  a  remedy ;  fuch  a  Defeat  and  Diflio- 
nour  fince  the  time  that  the  O^ro«w?i  Empire  arrived  to  its  greatnefs, 
fuCh  a  Slaughter  and  Dllgrace  that  it  fuffered ,  no  Stories  to  that  time 
make  mention  of;  which  occafioned  a  Truce  for  29  years  between  the 
two  Empires,  by  which  TrUcfe  the  Province  of  Zatmarindi  Z^Qlcb, 
granted  to  Ragotzi,  returned  ag^in  to  the  Emperor;  That  the  Caftle 
of  Zacbeihyd  be  demolilhed.  That  Varadin  a(nd  Newhaufel  remain  to 
the  r»^il/.  '  .  :  '/  ' 

4.  The  Dravus  MeU,  Draus  Vlin,  Drabus  Strab.  Dravm  Vtot.La  Drava 
ItaU  Le  Drave  Gal.  Dratt  hcoh  Trab  Hung,  which  arifing  among  the 
Mountains  ofSaltthurg  and  C*r;»f^w  runneth  a  long  Courfe  of  about 
400  miles,  through  Carmfbia  ind  Hungary,  iiWeth  inter  the'  Danube  at 
Drazat  over  againft  Erdaed,  or  ErdeT^dy,  the  old  Teutoburgium  of  Ant. 
and  ?tol.  Dr.  Brown  tells  us,  that  it  is  agoodftream  as  high  as  ViHiich, 
where  there  is  a  Bridge  over  it,  and  at  Clagcnfart  he  palfed  over  it 
upon  two  long  Woo(^en  Bridges,  and  anifland  in  the  middle  between 
them.  '    "' .  :  ,v'  •  '  ■■       ■/  ;•-  ...•■■      "•  -'•'; 


The 


-.  s 


o 


■  # 


^ 


^ 


/ 

/  ' 


.J 


■V 


'•'■5^ 


..  / 


1^  ^flmgit^. 

f.  lite  5Utwt  l^'o/.  Saitt  Strak  in  M&,  Sbdim  Xivt6f&^,  St4itt  '^ 
M  n^^S^ttilhttiS^'Gthm  L$ ^«»  Gtl  U  $. iiobld  River,  arifnij^ In 
t^t  MiHHM^i  bitwtik  e^mhidaPtdfCuffiiifla^  knd  fweTling  b)r  the 
*cc»tfidi<*6.fmirrfy<irvett';  sifter  a  courfe  erf  above  jfo  inile%  entenMh 
the  J[>*>!rti^i^at  Bn^altft,  At  Cminhiirgi  not  fer  diftane  from  the  H!a4, 
it  was  a  conHderable  ftream^  which  afterwards  fo  enlarged  fts  to  make 
remarkable'  Iflatids,  one  at  SiJpinQ  by  Zagrabla,  the  Other  Metuhirris  ac 
tfieWtffofclI*5tfrwii*f^.       ' 

(5M5bon  ihd  North*  of  Jyii»|f4r;  att  %  Rivers  ariffng  frotti  the  C«- 
/!|iri&/i««  Mountains,  which  di^db  Pt^ArMf  from  Bu^ar/,viz,  theGr<rt» 
aitid*  M/f,  whith  Uniting  together  runne;h  iiifto  the  Dav^h,  over- 
igainft  5fi'/^*»i«*  or  Gr<^».  '    .^^'        , 

r^.'i'ife'JE%>'<r,  Sfthtch  i^Bn$hy  NtivB^fa^^ttittitth  the  1>jthuh, 

tTiitP^^t  ^f  ^''i^^y  ^^^^^  Stkcklus  fifth,  liAuaU  the  To  in  Jm§^, 
at  Pripaty  yo  mlle^  from  iti  entrance  into  the  hamhe ;  it  is  a  Very 
large  River,  dhd  hith  a  hong  Bridge  over  it.    And  at  tYettfibin  it 


JO.  The  Servitza,  or  brmUsi  afifirtg  near  Vefpfmitim,  ^tt^]ga$hji 
»)«,  runneth  into  the 


\ 


\ 


•\ 


%i,  Vdlfo  pi  Vulpahusycivtt  which  there  isa'Hri(3geai,?PW<?M« 
13.  Tte  kiver  SiefnafB,  BofwetBa,  or  hacunibus,  'which  fallethihco 
IMiSavm,  not  far  frorh  the  old  Sitrmitim 

V  A^hii  Countre^  excelleth  in  Rivers^  foi^  h^th  many  cohiSderabfe 
and  long  Bridges,  not  ^o  mention  this  Brid^of  Bo^ts  over  the  Ifamhy 
between  Gra»  and  Barclan,  nor  of  that  Bndgof  Boats  becWeen  J^ii//<( 
andP^/,,where.the  i><«;»^«is  half  a  mile  over^  which  is  To  contrived 
as  to  open  a  pafTage  for  Boats  and  V^iflfels  of  Burthen  topafs ;  nor  (hall 
i  namet  thofe  already  [hentioned.  There  is  a  handfome  and  well-con- 
trived  Bridg  at  CWo/2i«.  ^But  that  ove£th$-i>4l?^^«it  £/ecAisfcarcetp 
te  paralleil'q  jby  ^ny  other;;  Built  partly ,  over  the  Dravm^  awJ  partly 
over  the  Fensj  wliich  are  often  overflowed,  and  is  five  miles  in  length. 
Having  Towers  huilc  upon  it  at  the  dliftancepf  every  quarter, of  a  mile, 
fupported  by  great  Jrpes  ere<5ted  under  it,  nirieortetiin  a  rankunta 
each  Ardi,  and  handfoniely  railed  on  each  fide.  Itcoft  the,7«r4t 
^coooo  X^llarsj,^tld  fix  years  time  to  build  it.    That  part  of  the 

Bridge 


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d 

n 


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^i 


:on- 
:cto 
inty 
th. 
Tiie, 
mta 
'Mrh 
the 
ridge 


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in  the  fet^  !r«rj^/i»  wars  telwpeh  ^i^M//  ifjclEmjp^       ai 
Mahomet  tfie  4>4,  ar^'<3  is^ow  fupbucd  by  a,  fejSdge  bf  '^ 

IK 


I^ats/iolnb- 


^ilftotaV^fi 


what  MojVthfcl^  .Lu;ii-ti::>;x.St,r:i; 

Lak«i /visi.  the  LaHe  JJ Aw  ovPlatiee,  the  Ww  of  6|d> 'cxreii'd 
]ing  a  great  length  between  Vtf^inmm  and  the  J!>r<i'^/!ii,w^th.(9roeAi'6rig 
Forts  upon  jc  i  which  pwa  ftopMntothe  cruelty  of  itfif^m<<^'«  Soldiers, 
vHgi  ^c:^ ^ftrcgfed  5ftfiwn>,/a  uijtp  thb  pii^...^:^:^  \:y  ,^ 
.,^;The^e,isJ^^o  tbeJyew^^  Sea^  by  thq  HtmarmsXmmfX^y  PKr. 
Pei/o.  A  pl^aiant  t^lse,  feyen  German  miles  lofte,  arid  three~br6aai> 
in  the  Comn^ptii^ns  of  4^;)^^  14  Villages  about  j;hU  Lake  were  burnt 
by  the  7yA/,7tfr;^/^  and  Rebellious  f7<;//«^^^^  .      • 

The  Rivers  and  Lakes  of  Hungary  ^re  jtbun^aji^jfi  Fi(hf^  J^ho 
Tf^fim.OT  Teifff  is  cfte^ned  tljemoft  pi^Jiy  Riyjer  fif^f^ww^iil^^^ 
t|i©  World,  ;Tis  cpmmonty  ^i^  that  it,  jfjnfifeffvjpf  jtwo  parts  of 
Wat^r,  and  one  of  Fi(h ;  atid  the  Riyer  Bodmck  w))ich:r.uns  iqtp  the 
Ttkiffui  as  aforefaid,  not  far  frofn  Tokay iMi^oi  JFuU^Fifh,  thatin 
Sumrosr-f  Ime  when  (he  River  i?[  low^  the  People  fay  the  W^wr  ftn^ljs 
oftJFi%:  diottgh  the  Riiyer  .i^  tbifty  fathom  ,bro^d>'>jnd  fagt«  anf  a 
half  4eep»v;  Thisiexceedi*^  fertiiity  foine  afcrlbe  ubt^^J^"^  SKUnelTlo- 
i^uresj^  both  of  m  oWniftreaiii;  and  otheraiieeeffiohary ijoio  if^:which 
lick. the  ttiany  Salt  Mines  under  ground,  ^ndfo  rtiiy  carry  fonie  prin- 
.ciples.of  ioeCundity  with  th6m.  The  Danube .  abound^th  ^jth  mat^y 
good;  Fi^es,  vis  frQtitiyj^¥.m^^fii,\iXgt  and  .delicl6uStiC<Jrpif .  a.FJOBi 
diUed  S'Seydtff^ /miidh  iexfceeAng  i'  Btke.,:  ;  At^fonie  Scaljjfis  gifeat^tore 
of  i/tf tt/iswi,  fohiB.  20  foot'JoVig^eftfe^hied  ai:gDod  Difli,  ^hd  io-^^jivhat 
like  5/tt;if f(?»,  with  many  other  forts.  And  as  the  Rivers  are  full  of 
FJlhy  fo  in  the  Winter  ihey  ane  covered  with  many  forts-of  Fowls,, if 

The  moft  confiderable  Cities  of ///wjj'isrj',  are  BuJa,  Ht4rg,  Ajuk- 
cum,  or  ^ciiicum  V.H>k  &.  Ant.  tejh  Clev.  ^,$Kambria  (jrCunta.aliis:  By 
the  (jermdnj^ cal led  Offett,  by  the  French  Mude^  by  :the  .^jfitnUrJsy  haliavs 
aud  EvgliJIt,  Buda  5  fo  called,  as  fome  tell  us,  from  Buday  the  Brother 
o^  Att iky  Anno  Dom,  401.  Others  fuppofe  it  fo  called  from  Budir.i,  a 
famous  Scythian  People  who  engaged  with  Aitila  in  his  famoiis  Expe- 
dition. '  Yec  others  tellps it wascalled^Wif,  from  the  fb  iiia«y  Re- 
nowned Baths  in  it.  Tis  dilhiitfrom  ^f^^r^?^/^  49  Gcrw*??;  miles, ^nd 
from  Vienna  5:4.  tefie  Baud,    ^  '     -  -    '  -       ( 

Fif ft  taken  from  the  Heathen  Succeftbrs  of  Attila  by  Charles  the 
Great79i.  taken  from  the  Hungarians  by  Suknn- 6ofyman,  Afwc  Dom, 
ijif.ilecoveDBd  the  year  following  by  King  Ftr^iwW,  Brother  to 
••■'^- ■   ....--■•      ■-'.'       Pi  '-  ':-.■"         the- 

,,        ••       •'■'  .  -.'t  :■': 


tht  Etnperor  CbarUi,  the  Fifch,  who  was  Ele^ed  King  by  the  four 
Orders  of  the  States  of  the  Kingdom.  But  in  the  year  i  ^29.  it  was 
retaken  by  Stlyritan,  and  comttiitted  to  John  Zapolia  Prince  of  TranfyU 
vM$ia,  An.  1^41.  King  Ferz/m^nK/fent' his  General  RoggenJorf  with  an 
Army  of  40900  men,  and  40,  Cannon.  But  the  Turts  coming  in  to 
their  AflSftance  with  a  numerous  Army,  the  Germans  were  forced  to 

^  raife  the  Siege :  Whereupon  the  Sultan  politickly  feized  upon  the  City^ 
fcnt  the  ydung  Prince  Sigifmund  with  the  Princefs  his  Mother  into 
Tranfylvania,  and  kept  the  Town  in  his  own  hands,  and  made  it  the 
Spat  of  a  BegUrbeir  b¥  Vice-Roy,  whofe  Authority  extended  over  all 
the  %mAvtsotBH^g^.  In  'the  Year  if 42,  it  was befieged by  joa" 
ebiin  Elci^or  of  Braiidenburgh,  who  was  forced  to  draw  on,  and  quit 
the  Siege.  -  if9g,  or  9.  Count  Swartz^nhurgb  befieged  it,  but  the  At- 
tempt mifcarried.  ^nno  1601.  General  Rofwtrm  alfo  with  the  Impe- 
rial Atlfiy  attacked  it  in  vain. 

■  Whdfoeter  fl^fall  read  of  theSiegesof  16R4.  attd  168^.  will  find 
^the  Stbry  of  the  thbft  famdus  Sieges  in  the  World,  where  Blood  Was 
-fpilt  like  w^ter,  and  many  brave  men  found  their  Graves ;  where  the 
AiTailants  equalling,  if  fioe  furpafling  Titm  forming  JerufaUm ;  and 
'Abdi  Bafha  no  lefs  DFayely<>bftinate  in  defending  his  TruO,  than  K^- 
'imus  iif^  the  Walk  of  Rhodh.    But  upon  the  Second  of  Seftembtr 

'  1 6)86^  the  fame  day  of -ch&year  when  ic  was  taken  by  Solyman^  after 
it'  had  groaned  under,  the  Tyrannous  Yoke  of  the  Ottoman  14;  years^ 
was  this  great  and  ftrong  City,  the  Capital  of  Hungaty,  reduced  un* 
der  the  Obedience  of  the  Emperor  Leopold  the  Firft,  by  the  Prudence, 
Conftancy  and  Conduct  of  the  CouragiousDukeof  Lorrain ;  theTer- 
ror  <:riF  the  Muffelmttti  andihe  gceateft  General  of  this  Age.  The  Tiirks 
l}ave  formerly  experienced' the  Valour  of  H«»W;j  ana  Scanderbergbi 
They  have  feared  the  Courage  of  the  Duke  of  Merceun  They  have 

-  trembled  at  the  Condud  and  flaughter  of  the  Valiant  Count  Serini ; 
but  much  morereafon  have  they  to  dread  the  Martial  Duke  oi  Lorrain : 
lie  it  was  that  near  Presburg  routed  the  Rebellious  Army  of  Teckleyi 
Hei(  was  that  defeated  the  7«r^j  near  CaUnburgb :  He  it  was  with  the 
King  of  Poland,  that  raifed  the  Siege  of  Vienna:  He  it  was  that  van- 
quimed  the  Enemy  near  Barkan,  and  j-efcued  the  King  of  Poland  when 
the  Poltjh  Array  was  in  Confufion :  He  it  was  that  relieved  the  City  of 
Cran,  and  routed  the  Army  ofZeitan  Jbraim  Bajha :  And  laftly,  He  it 
was  that  whilft  the  GrAnd  Ylzicr  Sol/man  looked  on  with  a  potent  Ar- 
my, won  thl?  Glorious  Conqueft,  Buda. 

Not  far  from  Buda,  in  the  Year  1578.  was  fought  a  Battel  of  fo 
(l;angc  a  fortune  between  the  Chriltians  and  the  Turks^  that  the  Con- 


'".  f 


■^  r'  p\h  i.:>' 


querors 


..■'li^. 


of  fo 
Con- 
querors 


Of  HtMgAtj.  109 

querors  were  conquered,  and  the  vanquiflied  got  the  Vi<5tory.  Other 
Cities  arc  Vofmy  Hungarit  Vrrsburgy  Gftrmanis  Vojonium  d^  I'ojjonmm,  the 
FUxum  of  Vtol.  &  ^»^  The  City  is  pleaCuit,the  Caftleftately,  where 
the  highly  efteemed  Crown  of  Hurgary  is  kept ;  the  Labyrinth,  Fifh- 
Ponds,  and  Fountains  are  Noble,  it  is  the  Cat}ital  of  what  the  Houie 
of  y^«/^r/<i  ,poireires,  ten  German  miles  from  Vtenna  :  Since  the  Lofs  of 
^Iba  Regahsf  it  is  the  place  of  Election  and  Coronation  of  the  Icing's 
of  Hungary.  Cajjovia,  Chafchaw  incolis  &  Chafcbow,  lies  towards  the 
Mountains,  having  the  faireft  Arfenal  in  the  Countrey.  Eperies,  EperUy 
is  much  frequented,  by  reafon  of  the  Fairs  which  are  there  kept ; 
where alfo  there  is  a  Salt- Mine  about  iSo  Fathom  deep,  the  veins  of 
Salt  are  large,  and  there  are  pieces  of  looon  /.  weight ;  the  colour 
of  the  Salt-ftone  is  fomewhat  gray,  but  grinded  to  powder,  it  be- 
comes white ;  nor  is  the  Salt  always  of  one  colour,  but  of  divers ; 
there  are  fome  pieces  fo  clear  and  hard,  that  they  carve  them  into  di- 
vers figures. 

Sabaria  of  P/w.  Vtol.  &  Amm.  Stain.  Am  Angem.  Germ.  Sztombateh 
Hung,  ujte  Lax.iOf  but  by  Cluver.  it  is  Sanvar^  Hung.  Rotbenturn  Ger.  of 
old  the  Metropolis  of  Fannonia  Superior,  the  Birth-place  of  St.  Martin. 
Some  report,  ar-^  others  believe,  that  Ovid  >yas  buried  there,  in  his 
Return  towaic    (afy. 

Nittria,  Hung.  NeytracbtGer.  a  Bifliop's  See.  Frei^at,  ot  CalgotZyHung* 
a  fair  large  Town,  but  burned  by  the  Turks.  Schtmnitz,  the  greateft 
of  the  Mine^Towns  in  Hungary y  and  where  great  quantity  of  Silver 
Ore  is  every  day  digged.  It  hath  three  fair  Churches,  and  three  Ca- 
ftles,  and  feveral  Mines ;  ihol^Q  di  IVmdfcbacbt  Atidi  Trinity  are  the 
chief,  the  la(^  70  Fathom  deep;  the  one  is  much  efteemed,  and  of  a 
black  colour,  covered  with  a  white  Earth. 

There  is  alfo  often  found  a  Red  Subftance  which  grows  to  the  Ore, 
called  Cinnaber  of  Silver,  which  being  grinded  with  Oyl,  maketh  a 
Vermilion  as  good  as  the  Cinnaber  made  by  Sublimation.  There  are 
alfo  found  in  thefe Mines,  Cry ftals,  Amethyfts,  and  Amethyftine  mix- 
tures ;  as  alfo  Vitriol  naturally  Cryflalized  in  the  Earth.  And  as  there 
is  great  variety  in  the  Silver  Ore,  as  to  its  mixtures  with  Earth,  Stones^ 
Marchafite,  Cinnaber,  Vitriol,  &c.  fo  alfo  in  its  Richnefs ;  fome  hold- 
ing a  great  proportion  of  Silver,  in  refpecjl  of  others:  A  hundred 
pound' weight  of  Ore  fometimes  yields  but  half  an  Ounce,  or  an 
Ounce  of  Silver;  fometimes  two  Ounces,  3, 4,  y,  and  fo  to  20  Oun- 
ces ;  what  is  Richer,  is  very  rare. 

Moft  of  the  Schemnitz.  Ore  holds  fome  Gold,  which  they  fepara  e 
by  melting  the  Silver,  then  granulating  it,  and  after  b  Jlflblving  it 
^'  •■ .  '  •  '  in 


■M 


IT* 


"^W 


\  1 


^Tk  Aifmfortit  ttiSii^t  a^td^  4'pecuUir  Vitriol^  prepared  at  ChrernnitZj 
whereby  the  Gold  is  left  at  the  bottom,  ahd  is  afterwirdS  mdted, 
and  the  Aquafirfis  is  diftilled  from  thfc  Silver,  arid  ferveth  again    , 
for  ufe.  ^  ,  ^  . : 

s  Chremhrtx,,  Cdfpath  of  old,  is  the  oldefVMirte-TdWrtv  and  thellicll- 
'feft  in  Gold  of  all  the  reft  ;  9 6  ?•  years  they  have  worked  there  j  the 
Mine  is  about  iq  Englifh  miles  inlength,^  and  there  is  one  Caniculm,  or 
Horizontal  PalTage,  800  Fathoms  long,  and  the  depth  is  about  170 
Fathoms;  and  the X^fl/»o/«/ Pit  is  ICO  Fathoms  deep.  1 

Of  the  Gold  Ore,  fome  is  white,  fome  black,  fonie  red,  fomc 
yellow;  that  with  black  fpots,  within  white,  is  efteemed  the  beft. 

There  is  alfo  a  Vitriol  Mine  at  Qlnninitz,  about  80  Fathom  deep,  . 
ihd  Ore  whereof  is  reddifh,  arid  fometimes  greeniflii  This  Ore  is  in- 
fulcdin  water,  and  after  thrfee  days  the  water  is  poiired  off,  and  bdil^d 
feven  days  in  a  Leaden  Veffel,till  it  comes  to  a  thick  graWuaiated  w/hi- 
tilh  Subltance,  which  is  afterwards  reduced  to  a  Calx  in  aii^v^ri, 
and  ferveth  in  the  making  of  Aquafortis,  or  the  feparating  water  lifed 
Z,t  Scbremnitz,.  ,,  ..  ,    , 

NewfolfOt  Bijfr/cidf  has  the  greateft  Copper- works  In. Wlr/W^//i7jtj;v€ 
Copperbeihgveryftrongly  united  to  its  ftorie-bed  or  Of^.^fhep^pa-  ' 
ration  is  effe^ed  with  great  labour,  and  difficulty,  it  being  burnecl  and 
nelt^d  l4tiihes  befor'e  it  becomes  fit  fprUfe.  ,.* ;,,... i'4,;^  n 

Ac  A  little  Village  called  Smalniky  there  is  a  Rivulet  vvnicn  cijanges 
particles  of  Iron  into  Copper.  The  leaves  of  Oaks  that  are  by,  tpe 
bank-fide,  falling  into  the  water,  are  inienfibly  eaten  through,  arid  ihe 
mdlt  gixjfe  particles  of  this  water  getting  djereih,  it  is  turned  into  a 
leaf  of  Copper,  which  being  expofed'to  the  Sun,  or  only  to  the  Air, 
hardens,  and  always  retains  its  former  figureof  ah  Oaken  leaf,  ,  ,^  ^  ■:.,^ 
At  Glas-Hhtert',ikvcn  EvgliJJi  miles  from  Scfjemrfitz.,  there  was  once 
a  ridh'  Gold  Mine  ;  but  fince  the  over-running  of  the  Countrey  by 
Bethkm  Gahr,  it  is  loft.  'Tis  much  frequented  by  reafon  of  its  natu- 
ral hot  Baths. 

Eifevhacb,  four  miles  E/tgltflj  fi  cm  Glas-  Hitteny  and  five  or  fix  from 
Schemnhz,,  is  alfo  noted  for  ::5  Hot  Baths,  the  fedirnent  of  which  is 
fed,  and  turneth  into  Stone,  and  it  turneth  Wood  into  Stone. 

At  Hern-GriojJt ,  an  Htrngartan  mile  from  Newfol,  jn  that  Mine  were 
two  Springs  of  a  Vicriolate  water,  which  turn  Iron  into  Copper.    ■ 

The  feven  chief  Mine-To  wr.snre  Schmniiz,.  Cimwmtz,,  NewJoL  Ko' 

tittigsbtrg^  Bocb(if}tz,jAn6  LilfeUnj  7'iln.      .    ^■.  ~'    •  ;\"  *>.v>  _, ..  -^ ,;  !u;»\  *  :; 

The  ftrongefl:  places  belonging  to  theHouft  o^  Auflriay  were,  '^fava-^ 

rlvyComaray  and  Leopolfiatf  tlie  Bulwarks  of  Chriftenftom.     Javn-hf, 


ll^^ 


.  again 

jcRicii- 
:re ;  the 

cuktSi  Ot 

out  176 

d,  fome 

)m  deep, 
Die  is  in- 
idbdilt;^ 
ited  Whi- 
in  bvferi, 
^ater  lifed 

^heSepa-  '. 
irhedand 

•    •■ '  ^ 
1  cqanges   . 

e  by, tpe 

varidihe 

ed  into  a 

the  Air, 
f 

■m 

was  once 
J  n trey  by 
•  its  natu- 

r  fix  from 
f  which  is 
>ne.  r 
,4ine  were 
opper-    rj. 

ire,  jf'J'f'-.-- 
Ja  I'f  r/n. 


tCfrnMiMrf.  Ill 

Qnllis  ^4^h,  RsaH^i  la  the  PJain,  oatof  |ig!tt,  mvkoai  by  the  JXr" 
fi^W  )  ^d  Ragh  GirmoHss,  Gewer  Hrnigmsy  GiavamJfaUs,  RMk,  BiMbs, 
'Ttmiek  Ttircis,  Ic  i  was  the  j4raio  o^Ant,  tbie  l^^ralto  aifti,  is  forcUied 
with  fe?en  targe  Baftions  covered  wich  8r!cfc,  and  four  GaviHiers,  or 
Ravelins  between.  Ic  was  Befieged  by  Sinan  Bafa,  4h  c-he  tirr«e  oIShI- 
tan  Murat  the  Thitd,  who  at  one  AflTauIc  loft  1200  men;  biifby  the 
Treachery  of  Count  Hsrdeck,  'twas  Surrendred ;  after  recovered  by  a 
Notable  Surprize  of  Count  Sv/arfunhurgb,  and  Cfli/»f  P.*:^,  With'a 
great  Slaughter  of  the  Turks,  t6o6.  Here  alfo  a^e  ieverat  (brcsof 
Warlike  Engines  and  Inftruments. 

Komere,  Comara,  is  the  Crumerum  Afaum,  of  Ant.  Citmaronium  df 
Bragitium  ;  is  Moated  by  rha  D^wrow,  and  ftrongly  fortified.  Thelflind 
of  the  fame  Name,  formerly  caWed  Scbuit,  contains  above  500  ^Villa- 
ges, and  above  15000  Inhabitants,  with  the  conveniences  of  iluM- 
Ing  and  Fifbing.  FilUck,  Filecum,  Tokay,  Tokaum  at,  Treffkm/Zatmdry 
Zatntaria f  ind  Kalo,  hive  been  likewife  fortified  by  Order  bf  the  £m« 
peror,  wiio  keeps  bardby  feveral  Arm^  Gallies. 

Agria,Egar  Ger.  Erlaw  Hung,  Erlaheolis,  TtfrnefufOTi  and  C^ifia^ 
have  alfo  their  feveral  Baffas  as  being  upon  the  Frontiers .  The  Turks 
call  Temefwar,  The  hvineiblt  ^  by  fome  thought  to  be  th&Zmoeiraf  or 
Zurohara  6i  PtoL 

The  City  of  Gran,  StrigmnmLax*.  or  Oftrogon^  Brezftium  Cluv,vn3 
the  Birthplace  df  King  Stetben,  the  firft  ChriRian'King  of  Hungary, 
Benegedinvain  by  jF<^  King  of  Hungary;  taken  by  Sol/mm  Av^g^ 
the  lotk.  If 42.  recovered  by  Count  Mansftkl but  r&>ta!«nj or  baiefy 
Slivered  in  the  time  of  Sultan  Aebmet  to  jfy-k^  the  Turkijb  General* 
Trngrdde,  Hung.  P/We»/pfr^  Gerw.  the  Caftieor  this  placc  is  Seated 
upon  a  high  Rock,  where  the  Crown  of  Hungary  was  formerly  kept ; 
and  wherethe  Kings  of  Hungary  did  often  reme,  wastakenby  the  Im- 
perial Army,  June  16.  1684.    Overagainft  it  licth  Maroz,,  or  Frifiaf^ 

Neofelium,  Neu-haujtl  Gtrtn,  Chvar  Hung,  which  feveral  times  hath 
bravely  withftood  the  furious  Affault  of  the  Turks  \h\xt  in  Anno  i66j, 
the  Turkijh  Power  was  fo  great,  and  the  Magazine  took  fire,  that  it 
was  forced  to  yeild ;  and  had  not  fome  other  Chriftian  Princes  joined. 
their  Affiftance  to  ti)C  Emptror,  and  fo  ftopt  the  Turks  Career,  his  Am- 
bicion  and  Succefs  had  farther  enlarged  his  Dominions.  In  Augu/, 
1684,  it  was  taken  by  ftorrii,  and  the  Turks  Army  defeated  near  Gran. 

Alba-Julia  Lat.  StulwetJ[enburg  G.  EkekesFe'tefwar  Hung.  Stolni Biograd 
Slavis,  Albe  RoyaU  Gallts,  Alba  Regalis  Scrip  Pann.  once  frmous  for 
the  Coronation  and  Sepulchres  of  the  Hungarian  Kings,  taken  by  the 
r«ryfe;  I J43,  loft  again  159 J,  when  Sir  Tlio.  Arundi I  ioxcing  the  Wa- 

ter- 


■i^!^. 


■.*.y..  f.-;;''.       ^i^*^*: 


-Tj— <^,l^^.»ti,^s^v.  .,Vi  /kH'.. 


^ 


^^^i^p^qt^a^p 


^m 


nlMMMC'CJ 


tit 


Of  Hkng^ty, 


% 


'  ter  Tower,  took  the  Turkijh  Enfigtii  and  for  his  "Valour  was  made 
Count  of  the  Etopire,  and  Lord  jirundeloiWardow.  A  ftrong  Town, 
;  betray 'd  by  N,  Kiresken  'the  Governour  thereof;  upon  promife  of  ia 
great  Reward;  but  SelimtfSy  the  Son  oi Solymanj  for  hh  Treafon,  cau- 
&dhim  'to  be  puc  into  a  Barrel  ftuck  fuU  of  Nails,  and  to  be  tumbled 
up  and  down,  till  he  miferably  died. 
,,     The  Emperor  Ferdinand  the  Second  befieg'd  Canifia^  or  Canifcha 
•  {  when  he  was  Arch^Ppke,  butcould  not  take  it.  Nor  was  Leopold  Ig- 
j  »^tfMy/unpre  fortunate  in  the  year  1664.    The  Retreat  of  the  Duke  of 
-  M^rceur  from  Cani/ta,  was  one  of  the  nob  left  Actions  of  our  Age.  Quin- 
:  que  Ecclejta,  Furfkircben  Germ.  Otegiazac  Hung.  VetjchenTurcisteJle Lcun- 
■'%  clavioy  taken  by  the  Turks,  i5'45,  by  lome  thought  to  btth^Teutsburgi' 
„  um  of  Ant.  and  Ttol.    Others  tell  us  *tis  the  Amantia  of  the  Ancients, 
..  tho  iovoA  think  Amantiato  be  Aln.zy  it  is  the  place  where  Solyman  died 
.  during  the  Siege  of  Z^^cr/ftjin  the  year  ry  66,  Mobacz.. is  remarkable  for 
1  the  Defeat  of  the  Chriftans  in  the  year  i  ^25*.  and  for  that  of  the  Turks 
'    1687.  Pont.  d'Ejfeckj  famous  for  theAdionof  Count  Serini,  who  burnt 
it  in  vjew  of  all  the  Turkijh  Army:  and  for  the  Campaigneof  1687. 
\Jl.  Anno  i68i.  yill€':k  was  befieged  by  the  Baffa  of  Buday  with  25'ooo 
Xur^s  and  Tartars^  but  after  a  br^ve  redftanc^  JO:  September,  it  was  fur- 
rendred  without  theCovernour'sconfi;nt,and  afterwards  demoliffled, 
and  the  Walls  levelled  with  the  ground.  ' 

At  the  fame  time  Le-wentz^wAS  stifo  abandoned  and  pofTei.ed  by  the 
^  Enemy ;  aqd  the  Winter  following,  the  Turks  and  Hungarian  Rebels  fei- 
'  zed  upon  the  Fortrefles  of  Atfol,  .Neoi^fol,  Scbintnitz,,  an^  Cbrepinitz. 
Aw/Q  If  95'.  divers  tiungarians  b&(\6gQd  Papa,  and  after  a  long  Battery 
:  it  was  delivered  to  theim,  who  fold  the  Inhabitants  to  the  TurkhJ^ut 
'  the  Imperial  Army  advancing,  many  pf  the  Rebels  fled.  And  fome  of 
the  chief  promoters  of  that  difturbance  were  impaled  alive. 

Near  Mtemberg  the  Imperial  Horfe  and  Foot  being  divided  in  paf- 
^  fing  a  River,  after  a  fliarp  difpute,  the  Turks  feized  upon  the  Imperial 
Baggage  Valued  at  40000  GuiUers,  when  alfo  the  Piinces  oi  Savoy 
and  Aremberg  foon  after  died  of  their  Wounds. 

1684.  The  Caftle  oiVnguar  was  befieged  by  Teckley,  and  taken  by 
Storm,  and  nioft  of  the  Garifon  put  to  the  Sword. 
V  Upon  the  Hills  near  Waccia.yj^\\Q  Duke  of  Lorram  attacked  a  Body  of 
':  '  jtoooo  Turks,  commanded  by;the  Vizier  of  Bud>i^,  of  whom  were  flain 
3000,  ipo  taken  Prifoners,  with  Tsven  'pieces  of  Cannon,  eighteen 
Standards,  the  Vizier  ?nd  two  BafTa's  (lain,  .1  BalTa  and  ten  Aga'spii' 
foners,  and  of  the  Duke's  Army  not  a  hundred  men  loft. 

1684.  Vtrovitz^a,  the  Key  and  Entrance  into  Sclavoma,  ca^^'t  jlated, 
_.-.♦  and 


i  ( 


6fa 

cau- 
ibled 

nifcha 
Id  %- 
ike  of 

r  If  »»- 

dents, 
(>^  died 
ible  for 
e  Turks 
0  burnt 
£1687. 
1.25000 

jvas  ftir- 
loUraed, 

d  by  the 
ebelsfei- 
'ire^fiitz. 
Battery 
«rib*.JBut 

fomeof 

d  in  paf- 
Impeiial 

of  Hii'voy 

taken  by 

Body  of 

were  flain 

,  eighteen 

Aga'spvi- 

af'talated, 
aud 


1 5-         and  ^00  Janizaries  marched  out,  and  left  it  to  the  Ipt^erialijtsf  after  1 1 3 
years  poffeffion. 

1684,  Zeben  was  invefted  by  General  5ci6«/fjf,  and  furrendred  upon 
difcretion;  all  the  Hun^.iriam,  being  about  120,  were  by  the  Count 
d'  Bargarz,z,i  cut  in  peices  in  revenge  of  Count  Teckle/s  Impaling  alive 
divers  of  the  Garifon  of  Cz,kz,uarf  which  was  furrendred  to  him  upon 
Articles.  ^ 

BarrhfieUy  a  place  fortified  with  good  Walls,  feveral  Towers  and 
Redoubts,  the  Garifon  confining  of  about  400  men,  capitulated  and 
was  put  into  the  Command  of  the  Imperialijts. 

Mongatz  and  Tkay  are  two  ftrong  places ;  and  in  168;  were  in  the 
hands  of  Count  Teckley;  fince  fallen  into  the  Germans  PolTeflion. 
Makoivitz  was  furrendred  to  General  Schultz,  O(5tober  1684. 
Intheyear  1663,  Leww^a:- a  ftrongplace,was  delivered  up  to  the  Twr/;. 
Schinta,  the  Magazine  of  the  Emperor's  Arms  and  Artillery,  was  aC- 
faulted  by  the  Vizier,  but  being  (toutly  repulfed,  he  raifed  his  Camp, 
and  came  before  iVov/^r<?</«,aCaftleonAhighRock,  encompafled  with 
a  Ditch  of  34  foot  deep,  Garifoned  with  600  Soldiers,  and  well  fto- 
red  with  Vidluals  and  Ammunition,  yet  refigned  unto  the  Turks, 

1663,  At  the  fiiallow  paffages  of  the  River  Muer^  Count  Serini  with 
yoo  men,  overthrew  a  party  of  30000  Turks  and  Tartars,  under  the 
Command  of  the  BalTa  of  Temij-war^  and  fo  delivered  Croatia  from  a 
total  deitrudion. 

InJa»,i664yBerzenche  was  furrendred  to  Count  Serini  andBakockza, 
And  lluinque  Eccle/ta  for  its  perfidious  ad, was  by  the  Count  after  a  fu- 
rious affault,  took  by  Storm,  and  in  recompence  of  its  treacherous  ftra- 
tagem,  put.all  the  Inhabitants  to  the  Sword,  pillaged  and  fired  the 
Town,  which  rcndred  it  a  horrible  fpedacle  of  Fire  and  Sword. 

At  Zigethf  confiding  of  an  old  and  new  Town,conijoined  by  aBridg 
which  croffeth  a  famous  Marfli  or  Fen,  N.  Sennit  the  Great  Grandfa- 
ther of  the  forefaid  Count,  Immortalized  his  Fame  and  Memory  with 
the  lofs  cf  his  Life,  againft  Solyman  the  Great,  in  the  year  i5'65,  with 
an  Army  of  600000.  > 

Serinjwary  builtby  Count  Sey/wi,  yielded  to  the  Ti-T^x,  and  was  demo-  ' 
liflied.  Leiva,  before  whofe  Walls  C.  Suja^  and  the  Chriflians  obtain- 
ed a  great  Vidory  againlt  the  Turks  and  Tartars^  and  affaulted  Bar- 
cj6<?»,  a  Palanka  oppofite  to  Gr*^».         '  j:   ^ 

Since  the  Battel  between  Sjclos  and  MohatZy  1687,  all  Huigary^ 
except  Temefwar  in  the  Upper  //^w^jr/,  is  ia  the  hands  of  the  Germans, 


Of 


\ 


N 


'  ■»•-. 


,ttm^  .fyf  '^ 


■'.'   ■'.  T'T'"'.?^'-" 


B^ 


THEName  oi Germans  is  much  controverted  amongft  Authors;fome 
think  them  fo  called  by  the  Romans,  who  feeing  the  People  lo 
like  unto  the  Gauls,  called  them  Germans  to  the  Gauls,  Others  derive 
it  from  Ger,  Hgnifying^//,  and  w^«,  whence  alfo  came  the  Name  ot 
Ah;ain,  which  fome  fabuloufly  derive  from  Mman.  whom  they  wodd 
have  to  be  the  iitb  King  of  the  Dutch, ov Germans.    Others  fro^.^he 


-'*„•-  .'- 


95- 


'6  ijcOi 


*■«•*•• 


rf-rfj* 


;_3t..^ 


■y"! 


XaS 


)r8;Cbtne 
eople  fo 
i  derive 
«ame  of. 
|y  would 

Troni  t^® 
River 


River /4/»»»/,i>y  later  Writers  called  Almannmy  wliereunto  they  fliould 
border.Others  more  probably  from  the  Dutch  Allenfen  Mann;  fignify- 
ing  all  forts  of  men,  or  all  hardy  and  valiant.  The  many  opinions  alfo, 
and  great  differences  we  have  found  amongft  Authors  in  the  Interpre- 
tations of  the  many  ancient  German  Nations,  makes  me  at  prefent  not  to 
mention  them/  'Tis  generally  agreed,  that  the  Gomerians,  or  Cimhn, 
were  the  firft  Inhabitants  of  Gaulfiermanyy  and  all  the  Nations  of  the 
North  and  fVefi  of  Europe ;  and  that  the  Gauhf  their  Off-fpring,  under 
theirCaptain  Segovefus, y'l^orioufly  ranged  overall  Germany yf torn  whom 
havefprung  the  ancient  Inhabitants  of  this  Countrey.  Divided  they 
were  intoleveral  Nations,  and  thefe  alfo  fubdivided  into  leifer  Tribes. 
The  firft  Nation  of  the  Germans,  who  made  the  Romans  as  well  feel 
their  Swords,  as  know  their  Names,  were  the  Cimhri  Teutones,  and 
Amhrones,  upon  their  Invafion  of  Gaul  and  Italy,  who  were  overcome 
and  deftroycd  by  ikfrfinw.  -  * 

After  this,  Cafar,  upon  his  Conqueft  of  France,  having  paffed  the 
'Rhincy  and  provoked  the  Germant,  ftirfed  up  a  tedious  War ;  all  other 
Adventures  were  eafie  to  the  daring  Romans :  Nothing  could  give 
check  to  Cafar*s  Fortune,  only  the  Germans  j  who  at  laft,  were  rather 
Triumphed  over,  than  fubdued  by  their  greateft  Armies.  How  little 
was  their  Progrefs  ?  How  inconfiderable  were  their  Acquefts,  after  'b 
long  a  War?  which  continued  for  more  Generations,than  others  lafted 
Years :  And  indeed  fome  part  of  Germany,  viz,,  that  beyond  the  Elbe 
and  Danube,  was  never  fo  much  as  Attacqued.  Endangered  once  by 
Drufitts  in  the  Reign  of  Cafar  Auguftits,  but  freed  by  the  Vidory  of 
Arminm,  and  the  death  of  Varrits  and  his  Legions ;  negledcd  after- 
vvards  as  a  people  unconquerable,  or  not  worth  the  conquering.  To- 
wards the  wain  kA^q  Roman  Empire,  theNamesof  the  ancientlnha- 
bjtarics  by  little  and  little  worn  out  and  quite  exiinguifhed  through 
their  Fights  and  Butcheries  amongft  themfelves;  their  Tranfmigrati- 
onsinro  foreign  Countries,  their  affedion  and  union  into  new  Names, 
and  the  Fleetirigs  and  Invalions  of  the  Sarmatians,  and  more  Eaftern 
people,  Germany  became  confounded,  and  peopled  with  thirteen,  for 
the  moft  part,  differing  Names  of  the  Saxons,  Almans,  French,  Thurin- 
giens,  Boioarians,  Hun,  Lombards,  A'uares,  Hungarians,  Danes,  Norwe- 
gians, Suethifl.',  or  Sda'VJs,  whofe  Original  Fortunes,  Kingdoms  and 
States  ilTuing  from  r!u:m.  I  muft  rtfer  for  a  larger  Treatife  of  Geography, 
if  God  permir.  Bat  chc  fatal  period  of  the  Reman  Empire  drawing  on 
apace,  the  lu-mhs,  in  gundians,  Aim  ''nf,  and  other  German  Nations, 
break  through  their  Oaards,  difpofTefs  tho  RomaKsof  sWGaul,  Rhetia, 
and  Noricum,  till  in  the  end,  the  French  prevailing  over  the  reft,  extend 

Q  2  their 


■/*, 


•  ■^::- 


ii6  Of  Qermtny. 

their  Empire  over  all  the  Modem  Germany^  chiefly  by  the  Valour  of 
CbarUi  the  Great,  created  Emperor  of  the  Weft  part  of  France  and 
Germany.  Afterwards  in  the  time  of  Lodovicus  Pi«f,  the  Son  of  Charles 
the  Great,  the  Empire  of  his  Father  was  parcelled  out  into  many  parrj, 
viz.  Italy  J  France  f  Burgundy,  Lorrain,- ind  Germany ,  amongft  his  Sons 
and  Nephews,  with  the  Tide  of  Kings ;  by  which  means,  the  King- 
doms of  Lorrain  and  Germany,  United  in  the  Perfon  of  Lewis  the  An- 
cient, were  aliened  from  the  French,  and  poflefled  by  the  great  Princes 
of  Lorrain,  Saxony,  Suabia  and  Bavaria :  As  alfo  by  them  difmembred 
into  many  principalities  and  Inferior  States,  all  pafling  under  the 
Name  ofAlmany  or  Germans, 

Germany  is  now  bounded  on  the  Eaft  with  Poland  and  Hungary^  on 
the  Weft  with  France,  Switzerland,  and  the  Seventeen  Provinces ;  on 
the  North  with  the  5^/^/^^  Sea,  and  Denmark  j  and  on  the  South  with 
the  Alps,  which  part  it  from  Italy. 

Thfe  length  whereof,  from  Eaft  to  Weft,  viz,,  from  the  Borders  of 
Lorrain  to  Poland,  is  766  miles,  the  breadth  from  North  to  South, 
from  the  BaltickScn,  to  the  Southermoft  part  of  7)r<>/is  6^j 


VI 


miles  of  the  fame  Meafure,  viz,.  7;  to  a  degree.  'Tis  fcituate  in  the 
Northern  Temperate  Zone  j  the  longeft  day  in  the  Southern  parts  being 
If  hours  and  a  half;  in  the  moft  Northern,  17  hours  and  a  Quarter. 

'Tis  a  fpacious  Country,  and  very  Populous ;  the  People  01  ftrong 
Conftitution,  of  a  good  Proportion  and  Complexion:  very  ingenious 
and  ftout,  much  given  to  Drink,  but  of  an  Honeft,  Noble  Nature : 
The  poorer  fort  great  l^ains-takers ,  and  the  Nobles  either  ftout  Sol- 
diers, or  good  Scholars. 

The  Women  are  of  good  Complexion,  but  corpulent;  good  Bear- 
ers, and  fruitful  Breeders,  ft   A    ' 

The  Tide  of  the  Father  defcends  to  their  Children ;  fo  that  every 
Son  of  a  Duke  is  a  Duke,  and  every  Daughter  of  a  Dutchefs  is  a  Dutchefs ; 
whence  it  follows,  that  the  Nobility  being  too  much  multiplied,  is 
no  lefsimpoverifhed. 

The  Language  here  generally  fpoken,  is  the  High-Dutch  ^  a  Lan- 
guage very  Ancient,  and  hath  lefs  commixture  with  the  Latin  than  any 
V  'iich  is  ufed  in  ihefe  Weftern  parts. 

No  Countrey  in  the  World  is  either  better  Planted  with  goodly  Ci- 
i  ,  or  more  Piealnnt  and  Healthful.  A  Country  abounding  with 
Mmes  of  Silver  and  other  Metals;  plentiful  in  Corn,  IVtnes,  Salt,  Flejh, 
Linnen,  Quick-filver ,  Allom,  Saffron,  Armour,  tind  Iron-works. 

The  Gtrmans  ixQ  excellent  Alcchanicks,  eminent  for  Wa  ter-works, 
Chymiliry,  and  Printing :  Memorable  is  the  Scory  of  Regtomontanm'% 

Wooden 


our  of 

ce  and  \V  ^ 
Charles  "    -^z 
.rpam, 
is  Sons 
5King- 
theAn- 
Prirtces 
etiibred 
der  the 

rary ;  on 
nces]  on 
uth  with 

)rders  of  . 

0  South, 
ol'is  6f7 
,te  in  the 
arts  being 

1  quarter. 
of  ftrong 
ingenious 
5  Nature : 
flout  Sol- 
rood  Bear- 
that  every 
\  Dutchefs ; 
Itiplied,  is 


a  Lan- 

in  than  any 

goodly  Ci- 
nding  with 

,Salt,Flejhy 

a  ter-works, 

iomontanus  s 
Wooden 


Wooden  Eagle,  that  flew  a  quarter  of  a  mile  to  meet  the  Emperor 
Maxitmlian  ;  but  efpecially  famous  is  this  Regic^n,  for  the  two  Grand 
Inventions  of  the  latter  Ages,  'vix,.  That  fatal  Inftrument  the  G«»,  firft 
^ found  out  by  Benholdw  Swart  a  Frier.  The  Myftery  of  Printing,  firft 
difcovered  by  a  Soldier. 

The  Religion  of  this  Country  is  divided  into  ?apifs  arid  Trotefiants'^ 
the  latter  again  divided  into  Lutherans  and  Calvinifts.    *    ■      .'\''  '  ' 

About  the  Year  12 yo,  the  Empire  being  greatly  diftra<5led  into 
many  Fa<5tions,  eachFaAion  chofe  a  King  of  the  Romans  or  Emperor. 
The  Empire  thus  fluduating  for  about  20  years,  the  Princes 
met  at  Quidling-burg  and  made  a  League  of  defence  togjether ;  and 
meeting  at  Francfort  they  chofe  Radolfhus  Earl  of  Hapshurgiti  the  Year 
1270.  who  gaining  /^ujfria,  and  other  Territories  adjacent^  was  the 
firft  Arch-Duke  oiAuftriay  about  1280.  ; 

About  the  Year  lyoo,  the  State  oi Burgundy ^  which  comprehended 
alfo  the  Low-Countries y  was  by  Marraige  with  the  H^irefs  thereof,  add- 
ed to  the  Houfe  of  Jujfria, 

About  the  fame  time  (  under  Maximilian  the  Firft  )  the  publick 
Courts  ofjudicature,  called  the  Imperial  Chamber,  the  Supream  Tri- 
bunal and  Appeal  of  Juftice,  was  fixed  at  Spire^  and  the  Empire  divi- 
ded into  ten  Circles. 

About  1^19.  Charles  the  Fifth,  Son  of  Thilip  King  of  Spain,  Son  of 
Maximilian  the  Emperor,  fucceeded  his  father  in  his  Eftates  oi  Spain, 
Burgundy,  the  Low-Countries,  y^«/?r/<i,  &c.  and  by  Election,  his  Grandfa- 
ther Maximilian  in  the  Empire  alfo.  Under  whom  the  German  Empire 
role  to  its  greateft  height  and  enlargement.   ■■  -    ■ 

Under  this  Charles  all  Germany  was  rent  into  two  grand  Factions  or 
parts,  Roman  Catholicks,  and  Frotefiants^  occafion'd  by  Martin  Luther, 
born  at  Ipiby  in  Saxony,  who  firft  only  taxed  the  Abufes,  and  obferved 
the  Corruptions  of  the  Church  ;  after  makes  a  general  defedion.  Anno 
:^92A..  This  was  no  fooner  don:,  but  the  Reformers  make  a  new 
Schilm,  and  divide  between  Luther  and  Zulnglms,  1 5'24.  which  rofe 
to  two  grand  Fa(5lions  afterwards,  by  the  name  of  Lutherans  and  Calvi' 
mftfi  Hence  rofe  other  Seds  ilfo,  pretending  higher  Reformation  in 
Religion  jfothat  in  the  Year  i  '^I'^.Tho.Munizer  occafions  the  Ruftick 
War.  And  in  the  Year  in  4-  fucceeded  the  Jnr{bd}t:fli  at  Munfier.  And 
in  Anno  1 5*47.  began  the  SmalcaUhck  War  in  ILffu,  where  Cafar  pre- 
vails, and  ruins  their  League;  foon  after  the  Proreftants  prevail,  and 
procure  the  Fajjavian  Peace,  Aftm  ryyx.  But  in  the  Year  1618.  the 
Bohemians  rejeit  the  Emperor,  ai»t^  E'cd  the  Count  Palatine  King  of 
BohiTfji.t^^Vidi  Grown  Wmis^t  Prague.  Hence  the  ZJo^eww^Wararofe,  and 

fpread. 


\  ,1 


<«> 


■  r.  -. 


n8^  \pfOerwtny\  ^ 

fpread  over  all  Germcmfy  changed  firft  into  the  Say.on,  then  into  the 
SweMJhWiaf  Anno  i6}p.  The  Duke  of  BaiMria  overcoming  the  Bo- 
hemians, the  Palatine  was  ejeded  out  of  the  Upper  Palatinate,  out  of 
the  Eledlorfbipj  as  well  as  out  of  the  Kingdom  of  Bohemia.  Jmo  162^. 
the  Duke  of  Saxony  is  flain.    Anno  i6;o.  the  King  of  Sweden  enters 
Germany  in  the  be.half  of  the  Proteftants,  and  Princes  Liberty.    1632. 
The  King  of  Sweden^nd  7i//y  the  General  of  the  Impeiialilts,  after  fe- 
veral  Vidories  and  Conquefts,  both  dye.  16;  j-.  The  Duke  of  Saxony 
and  Brandenburg  make  Peace  with  the  Emperor:  And  the  King  of 
Fr^wtf  denpunceth  War  againft  the  Empire.    Anno  i6%6.  the  Duke 
of  Saxony  ;s  flain,  and  the  Imperialifts  are  diven  out  of  Pomerania  by 
the  Swede'i.  i6;9.  Saxony  and  Bohemia  invaded.  The  War  continues 
hot  by Teveral  Sieges  and  Battels  till  1648.  when  Af«»/tr  Treaty  en- 
fues,  and  fothe  thirty  years,  wherein  hjid  periflied  about  32^000.  was 
ended.    This  Peace  of  Mmfier  changed  the  Empire  to  that  State  that 
it  is  now  at.    For  the  King  oi  Sweden  carried  away  the  Dukedomsof 
Bremen  and  Ferden,  Lower  Pomerania  and  Stetin^  with  other  places  in 
the  Upper  Pomerania.    The  Ifland  or  Principality  of  Rugen.  The  Ifle 
of  IVolUn,  the  River  and  Port  of  Odor.  The  Bailiwick  of  P<?tf/  and  New 
Clofier.  The  Signiory  of  IVtfmar  and  Wtldhafcn  in  PFefipbalia,  &c.  The 
King  of  Fr/«»<:e  was  to  have  the  Cities  and  Bilhoprick  of  Mets^Toul, 
and  Verdun,  with  Moyenvic,  Pignerol,  Brifac,  the  Landtgravedom  of 
Alfatia  the  Higher,  the  Bailiwick  of  Hagenaw,  and  the  Fortrefs  of  Phi- 
Upshurg,    The  Palatine  of  the  Rhine  is  reftored  to  his  Eftate  in  part, 
tnd  made  the  Eighth  Eledor,  and  High  Treafurer  of  the  Empire.  And 
the  Proteftants  were  aflerted  into  full  Liberty  of  their  Religion ;  which 
Name  arofe  in  the  Year  i  ^^9.  at  the  General  Affembly  at  fformes, 
when  the  Eledor  o(  Saxony,  the  Landtgrave  of  HeJJ'en,  the  City  of  Ni>- 
rimberg,  and  others,  protefted  againft  the  Decrees  of  Cafar,  anu  ap- 
peal to  an  Univerfal  Council. 

Germany  is  now  an  Ele<5live  Empire,  wherein,  there  are  feveral  Sove- 
reign Eftates,  of  which  the  Emperor  is  chief,  who  governs  by  Diets, 
which  are  almoft  like  the  General  Eftates  oi  Frame.  The  Principal 
Articles  of  the  Government  are  contained  in  a  Fundamental  Law,  or 
Original  Conftitution  and  Agreement,  called  Aurea  Bulla,  or,  The  Gol- 
den Bull;  which  treats  of  the  Ele(3:ion  of  the  King  of  the  Romans,  the 
Duty  of  theEledors,  of  their  Privileges,  of  the  Authority  of  the  Em- 
peror ;  and  laftly,  of  the  means  to  maintain  the  Peace  and  Repofe  of 
the  Empire.  This  Bull  is  a  little  Book,  the  Original  whereof,  being 
written  in  Parchment,  contains  24  Leaves, and  50  Chapters;  and  was 
eonftituted  as  the  perpetual  and  fundamental  Law  of  the  Empire,  not 

to 


IS, 


the 
Bo- 
lit  of 
62  y. 
nters 
632. 
erfe- 
axony 
ig  of 
Duke 

cinues 

:y  en- 

o.  was 

:e  that 

omsof 

aces  in 

he  lOe 

id  Nev^ 

c.  The 

s,  Toul, 

dom  of 

oiPbi- 

n  part, 
.  And 
which 

Wornteiy 
of  No- 
ma ap- 

al  Sove- 
y  Diets, 
incipal 
Law,  or 

tie  Gol- 
>fans,  the 
the  Em- 

pofe  of 
f,  being 

and  WAS 
pire,  not 
to 


re. 


Of  Qifm$ny\  119 

to  be  altered  by  the  Emperor,  no  not  with  the  Ele^or*s  codfent,  by 
CharUs  the  Fourth  1 3  f  6.  The  Eledlion  of  the  Emperor  ought,  'tis 
faid,  to  be  made  at  Francfort  upon  the  Mem  j  though  this  Order,  in  the 
laft  £Ie(5lions,  has  not  been  obferved.  Befides  the  AlTemblies  that 
concern  the  Affairs  of  the  Empire  in  general,  there  are  three  other 
forts ;  that  of  the  Eledtors,  for  the  Election  of  the  Emperor :  That 
of  the  Deputies,  whither  the  Emperor  fends  a  Commiffioner '  And 
thofe  of  the  Circles :  like  the  AiTemblies  of  the  States  in  the  great  Pro- 
vinces of  France.  Of  thefe  Circles  there  are  ten  in  the  Empire;  that 
is  to  fay,  of  Aufiria,  Bavaria^  Suahia,  of  the  Upper  Rhine ;  of  the 
Lower  Rhine,  W  '^phalia,  U^^cr  Saxony y  "Lower  Saxonf,  Franconiay  BuT" 
gundy ;  but  this  laft  is  now  no  more  fummon'd.  Every  Circle  has  a 
Dire<5^or  Ecclefiaftick,  and  a  Secular  Director,  who  prefide  together  at 
their  Affemblies.  Two  or  three  Circles  may  meet  when  one  of  them 
is  attacqued  from  without,  or  in  confufion  within. 

The  Empire,  as  it  retains  the  Title,  fo  it  is  almoft  like  that  of  the 
Romans,  though  it  contains  not  fo  large  an  extent  of  ground.  The 
Princes  that  Compofe  it  are  of  five  forts:  The  Emperor,  who  is  now 
of  the  Houfe  of  Auftria,  the  Eledors,  the  Ecclefiafticks,  the  Princes 
Secular,  and  the  Free  Cities :  In  the  General  Diets  are  three  bodies ; 
that  of  the  EleAors,  that  of  the  Princes,  and  that  of  the  Imperial  Ci- 
ties. There  are  reckon'd  above  3  00  Sovereignties  in  Gerfhany,  who  do 
not  acknowledge  the  Emperor,  but  only  in  point  of  Homage  and 
mutual  Agreement. 

The  Houfe  oiAuJiria  has  three  forts  of  Dominion ;  thofe  oiAuliria, 
which  are  Hereditary  to  him;  thofe  of  Bohemia,  which  he  now  claims 
as  his  Right;  and  thole  of  Hungary,  which  he  hath  by  Eleftion.  Out 
of  this  Houfe  of  Auftria  the  German  Emperors  have  been  Eleded  for 
above  400  years,  ever  fince  the  time  of  Hen,  4th,  when  the  Lords  of 
the  Empire  began  to  undervalue  his  Authority,  and  Pope  Gregory  the 
Seventh  taking  occafion  thereby,  Excommunicated  him,  and  ordered 
the  Imperial  Scepter  ftiould  be  given  to  another ;  Then  the  Germans 
aboliflied  the  Ri^ht  of  Succeffion,  and  alTumed  to  themfelves  that  of 
Eleding  the  Emperors. 

The  Emperor,  who  is  of  that  Houfe,  ufually  in  his  life-time  caules 
his  Son,  or  his  Brother,  or  his  next  Kinfmanto  be  Crowned  King  of 
Hungary,  afterwards  King  di  Bohemia  :  then  if  he  finds  the  Princes  dif- 
pofed  to  it,  he  caufes  him  to  be  Elefted  alfo  King  of  the  Romans^  that 
is,  his  perpetual  Vicar,  and  Succeflbr  prefiiniptive  to  the  Empire. 

Without  the  Revenue  of  his  Hereditary  Territories,he  would  fcarce 
have  wherewithal  tofupport  his  Dignity  jfor  under  the  Title  of  Imperial 

Majefty, 


.^ 


120 


Of  Germnny. 


r 


! 


Majefty,  he  poiTeiTesnoLand:  his  principal  Rights  are  the  Election 
and  Invefticure  of  Feofty,  the  Grant  of  Privileges,  and  the  Right  of  Le- 
gitimation. He  may  make  Laws,  give  Letters  of  fafe  Conduct,  eftablifli. 
Polls,  make  Parliaments,  fettle  Univerfities,  eredl  Burroughs  into  Ci- 
ties, create  Offices,  and  out-law  Cities  by  Proclamation.  Laftly,  He 
may  make  Kings,  Dukes  and  Marqueffes ;  and  he  isfuperior  toallthe 
Princes  of  the  Empire,  who  for  that  reafon  have  a  great  rcfped  for  him. 

The  Ele(ftors  are  Eight  in  all,  v;;6.  the  Archbilhop  oiMaytnce,  Arch- 
Chancellor  of  Germany ;  the  Archbifhop  oi  Treves,  Arch-Chancellor  of 
France 'fth^  Archbifliop  oiCologn^  Arch-Chancellor  ofltal/  j  the  King 
of  Bohemia,  Great  Cup  bearer;  the  Duke  of  Bavaria,  Great  Steward  ; 
the  Duke  of  Saxony,  Great  Marshal  or  Conftable ;  the  Dukeof  Branden- 
burgh.  Great  Chamberlain ;  and  the  Prince  Palatine,  Great  Treafurer. 
Thefe  Eledors  pretend  that  their  Dignity  makes  them  equal  to  the 
Kings  of  Europe ;  and,  which  is  of  greater  moment,  for  that  they  Eleft 
and  Crown  the  Emperor;  after  which  the  Pope,  by  ufurpation,  pre- 
tends a  Right  to  confirm  the  Eled^ion  and  Coronation.  Four  Voices 
of  thefe  Ele(5lors  fufficesto  advance  any  one  to  the  Imperial  Dignity : 
and  at  prefent  the  King  of  Bohemia  only  has  his  Seat  in  the  Election. 
The  Secular  Ele(ftors  may  not  nominate  themfelves.  Nor  can  the  Lands 
of  their  Electorates,  be  alienated.  In  the  Houfe  of  Saxony  the  Ele- 
dorfliip  belongs  only  to  the  Eldeft,  who  (hares  the  other  Seigniories 
with  his  Brothers.  The  EleAor  of  Brandenburgh  is  the  moft  Landed  of 
all  the  reft,  next  to  the  King  of  Bohemia  ;  his  Dominions  contain  above 
two  hundred  German  Leagues  in  length;  but  are  for  the  moft  pare  fepa- 
rated  one  from  another ;  and  by  the  late  Combuftion,  and  theiJFor- 
tune  of  War,  he  is  become  the  moft  confiderable  Prince  of  that  Quali- 
ty in  the  Empire.  Anno  looo.  under  Otbo  the  Third,  the  Eleftors 
had  fixed  their  Eledlorfliip,  which  firft  began  by  permiffion  under  pre- 
tence of  avoiding  Confufion,  and  for  the  good  of  the  common  Inte- 
reft;  fome  tell  us,  that  the  Ele(5tors  were  Inftituted  after  the  death  of 
Otho  the  Third.  And  others  fay,  it  was  in  the  time  of  Rodulfa  of 
Hapsburg.  The  Ecclefiaftical  Princes  arc,  TFie  Archbifliop  of  Saltsburg, 
the  Grand  Mafter  of  the  Tetitonick  Order ;  feveral  Bifhops,  and  other 
great  Prelates,  Abbots  and  AbbelTes,  who  have  no  voice,  but  e  nbody'd; 
thefe  Princes  are  almoft  abfolute  over  the  Temporality  of  their  Bene- 
fices; neither  has  Chriftendom  any  Prelates  fo  potent  as  they.  Their 
Eledions  to  their  Dignities  belongs  to  the  feveral  Chapters,  wherein 
neither  the  Pope,  nor  the  Emperor,  has  any  Right  to  intermeddle. 

Among  the  Secular  Princes  there  is  the  Arch-Duke  of  Aufiria,  the 
Princes  of  the  Eledoral  Houfes,  fome  Dukes,  Marqueffes  and  Landt- 

graves, 


-^ 


%.. 


Of  Qermgttf,  .  xai 

graves :  there  are  alfo  fome  Earls  and  Barons  who  differ  only  in  name 
and  method  of  the  Empire. 
They  have  their  Seat  in  a  Body  which  has  four  Voices  in  the  EtVatei 

^'  of  the  Empire.  But  they  have  alfo  everyone  their  Voices  in  their  par- 
ticular Aflfemblies,  and  fome  of. them  Coin  Money.    There  are  fome 

.  Noblemen  in  Franconia,  in  Suabia,  in  the  Countrey  of  the  Rhine,  and 
in  the  Lower  Alfatiuy  who  are  abfolute  in  their  own  particular  Ter- 
ritories, as  the  moft  Potent  Lords  of  the  Empire  in  theirs;  feveral  Prin- 
cipalities mGermany  are  poiTelTed  by  one  Prince  alone,  and  many  times 
one  Principality  belongs  to  many.  The  Free  Cities,  which  are  fo 
many  Republiques,  are  of  two  forts,  vix..  Imperial,  and  Hans  Towns. 
The  Imperial  bear  the  Eagle  of  the  Empire  in  their  Army,  either  entire 
or  divided  ;  and  they  have  a  Right  to  fend  their  Deputies  to  the  Diets 
of  the  Empire,  where  their  Corporation  has  two  Voices.  They  ex- 
ceed the  number  of  Fourfcore,  and  are  confidered  either  as  lying  upon 
the  Seats  of  Suabia,  or  the  Seats  of  the  Rhine ;  and  they  are  thus  divi- 
ded from  the  feveral  Seat^  where  the  Deputies  of  the  Cities  take  their 
places ;  the  Deputy  of  the  City  of  Cologn  takes  the  firft  place  upon  the 
UAwtf-Seat,  and  the  Deputy  of  Ratisboum  takes  the  firft  place  upon  the 
SuabianSsnt:  Some  are  governed  by  Noble  Families,  others  live  under 
a  Popular  Government. 

The  Hans  Towns  are  in  league  together,  to  aid  one  another  reci- 
procally in  time  of  diftrefs,  as  alfo  for  the  maintenance  of  the  liberty 
of  their  Trade,  and  to  preferve  themfelves  from  being  overcharg'd 
with  Impofitions  by  Foreign  Princes ;  but  that  League  at  this  day  is 
little  regarded  by  feveral  of  thefe  Cities,  whilft  every  one  endeavours 
to  ftand  upon  their  own  bottom,  and  do  their  own  bufinefs  themfelves. 
Of  thefe,  Lubecky  Cologn, ^  Br  unfivick  and  Dantzick,  are  the  four  chief; 
Lubeck  may  fummon  all  the  reft  together,  with  the  Advice  of  five  of 
the  Cities  which  are  next  adjoining  to  her. 

The  moft  famous  Rivers  in  Germany  are  the  Rhine,  the  Danube,  the 
Elb,  the  Odar,  the  Vefer,  and  the  Ems.  The  Rhine,  Rhenus,  Cajar 
Strab.  Vlin.  &C.  Rhyn  or  Reign  Germ.  Le  Rein  Gallisy  Rheno  Italis,  ari- 
feth  out  of  the  Mps  in  two  Fountains,  diftant  about  a  days  journey  a- 
funder,  the  one  aWed  the  f^order  Rhine,  or  Anterior  Rhenus,  fourceth  out 
of  the  Hills  of  the  Leponti,  and  the  Mountain  Luckmanier.  The  further, 
named  the  Hinder  Rhein,  or  Pofterior  Rhenm,  out  of  the  Alps,  and  the 
Mountain  der  Vogel  Thefe  meeting  together  about  a  German  mile 
from  CW  or  Coire  of  the  Grifons,  afterwards  continued  in  one  Channel 
towards  the  North  by  the  Cities  of  Co»/?<?»cf,  Bafl,  Spire,  Worms,  Mentz,^ 
and  Cologn'^  encreafed  by  the  way  with  the  addition  of  feveral  other 

u  R       '■  great 


—'*' 


is!i  X)f  Qirminy, 

great  Rivers,  unto  die  Fort  Scbenken-Scbam ;  from  whence  it  is  con- 
veyed into  the  Ocean  by  four  Branches  or  Channels^  firft  of  the  ff^ael 
by  Nimfneftgefif  Ttel  and  Bommel,  until  it  lofeth  its  name  in  the  Maes. 
2.  The  Leek  into  which  the  Rhine  diverteth  at  Duerftede^  and  is  carried 
into  the  Maes  betwixt  Dort  and  Rotterdam.     % .  The  Rhine  extended 
from  Schenken-Schans  by  HuejJ'en^  Artihem  and  fVagenirtg,  unto  Duer^ede, 
where  the  main  River  being  diverted  by  the  Leek,  with  a  fmall  Cur- 
rent, it  is  continued  by  Utricht,  and  through  Holland  unto  Leyden, 
where  in  the  Sandy  Downs  betwixt  it  and  the  Sea,it  leaveth  its  name, 
and  under  another  name  of  the  C7//ff  it  is  turned  towards  the  South, 
felling  into  the  Maes  atS/w/JOveragainft  the  Breil.  The  fourth  Branch 
is  the  I/el,  drawn  from  the  Rhine  near  j^rnhem,  and  paffing  by  Zut» 
fhen  and  Daventer,  falleth  into  the  Z^ider,  or  South-Sea,  at  Campen. 
The  main  Channels  of  the  Rhine  in  the  time  ofCafar  were  the  Rhine 
which  then  fell  into  the  Ocean,  at  the  place  where  is  now  Catwiek'm 
Holland,  knd  the  l^ahat is  or  IVart,  making  the  Ifland  of  the  Bataviansci 
Taeitus.  Chiefer  Rivers  received  into  the  Rhine  are  the  Neekar,  Nieer  & 
NecanSf  Flav.  &  A.  Mare,  arifing  in  Stlva  Nigra,  or  Sv/artz,wald  near 
Rottveel,  and  falls  into  the  Rhine  at  Manheim  near    Heidelberg,     The 
Main,  Mantts  Tac  out  of  the  Mount  FitchtelburgpiOing  the  Towns  of 
Bambtt^j  and  PVurtz^bwrg,  falleth  in  below  Francforr,    The  Roer  Rura, 
Scrip.  Belgis,  in  Wifphalia,  flowing  hereinto  at  Duisburg.    The  Lim, 
Luppia,  Tac.  Lupias  Strab.  riHng  not  far  from  Pad&born,  empties  it  felf 
at  the  IVefel.    The  Mr  ifluing  out  of  the  Alps  of  the  Leponti  near  the 
Hill  of  St.  Got  hard,  is  difcharged   hereinto  near  IValdJhut.    The  7/7, 
Elltts  Flavins,  out  of  Suntgow,  after  the  receipt  of  almoft  infinite  leffer 
Rivers,  falls  in  a  little  below  Strasburg.  The  Mofelle,  Mo  fella  Tac,  Auf, 
arifing  out  of  the  Mountains  of  Vauge  at  the  Confines  of  Lorrain,  is  diC- 
burthened  hereinto  at  Coblentz, 

The  Donaw  Cer.  le  Danube  Gal.  Danubio  Ital.  &  Hil'p,  Danov>  Ang, 
Danubim  Toljb.  Strab.  Plin.  &c.  arifeth  in  Sehwartz^^vald,  diftant  about 
two  hours  journey  from  the  head  of  the  Neckar^  ar.J  running  Eaft- 
wards  through  Suavia,  Bavaria,  Aufiria,  Hmgaria,  Bulgaria.  &c.  after 
above  rooo  miles  courfe  it  poureth  into  the  Euxine  Sea,  with  a  great 
violence  through  fix  Channels,  according  to  P//»y,  through  feven, 
according  to  Sol.  Strab.  and  A.  Marc.  The  lower  part  .of  this  River 
was  called  Mer.  Strabo  puts  the  beginning  of  this  Name  atitsCata- 
rads,  Pro/,  at  the  Town  Axiopolis.  Vliny,  where  it  arriveth  at  ////r/- 
Appian  at  the  Confluence  of  it  with  the  River  Savtfs.    The 


cum. 


greater  Rivers  received  hereinto  in  Germany,  are  the  Ifer,  Ifara.  The 
Leek,  Lycm.  hn,  oy^nus  of  ?toU  The  Nab,  or  Nabas,  and  the  Marckb 
or  MornHs.  „  The 


J 


% 


■I 


Ihine 
ck\n 
mi  of 
:er& 
[near 

The 
rnsof 

Rura, 

itfelf 

ar  the 
he  1II» . 
leffer 

\e,  Auf' 
isdif- 

Avg, 
about 
Eaft- 
after 
great 
feven. 
River 
Is  Cata- 
It  llliri- 
The 
The 

iarckb 

The 


■'^ 


OfQermM/ty.  ,  ^laj 

The  Ems  Gtrm.  Amis  &  Amufia  Strth,  Amifus  &  Amafiu  TtoL  & 
Pliny,  It  arifeth  in  fVeftfbalia  near  Paderhom,  and  is  disburthened  into 
the  German  or  Britijh  Ocean. 

The  W?/:r,  Vijurgis  Pliny,  Vifnrigis  Ptol.  Btfurgis  Strab,  Iturgis  OviJ, 
hath  its  beginning  in  the  Hilly  Foreft  of  Duringer  fVaUt  ,  pafling  by 
the  Towns  of  Hamlen^  MinJen  and  Bremen,  and  having  received  the 
Fuld,  and  the  Aller,  floweth  into  t\i&German  Ocean;  the  part  towards 
the  head  is  called  Witrra,  Verra  al.  JVertz,. 

The  Elbe,  Albis  oi  Pliny,  Strabo,  &C.  rifeth  out  of  the  Hill  Rifenbirg, 
being  part  of  the  Sudata,  incircling  Bohemia,  And  pafling  by  the  Towns 
of  Drefden,  H^tttenburg,  Msydburg,  it  falleth  into  the  German  Ocean  be- 
low Hambourg ;  towards  its  beginning  in  Bohemia,  it  is  called  the  Labe. 
Greater  Rivers  which  empty  hercinto  are  the  Muldaw,  Muldavia. 
The  Egra,  the  Saltz^a^  Salt  otStrab.  The  Spree^  Sutvus  of  Ptol.  Unto 
this  River  reached  the  Row/iwDifcoveries,  and  the  French  Conquefts, 

The  Odor,  Odera,  Viadrus  Ptol.  This  arifeth  out  of  the  Hill  Oderberg 
neivOlmuntz,\n  Moravia,  pafling  by  Brejlaw,  Glogaw^  Francfort  and  iSre- 
tin,  with  the  Rivers  Neijje  and  ^arta,  received  thereinto ;  it  is  disbur- 
thened into  the  Frifch-haffnt  the  two  Iflands  UJedomund  Collin  with  three 
Mouths,  Pfyn,  Swiite  and  Diuvenow,  and  fo  into  the  Eaft  or  Baltick  Sea. 

The  chief  Mountains  of  Germany  were  the  Abnobi  &  Abnoba  oiPtol. 
&  Plin.  near  the  Heads  of  the  River  Danow,  and  the  Neccar,  now  called 
ScbwartZj'Wal  by  Sd^to,  and  Die-Baar.WtUychto. 

The  Sudata  of  Ptol.  or  Suditi  Vandalici  Montes  Dioniy  are  the  Hills 
cncircling.i?*^ew/<i  covered  with  the  ^oodiSGabreta and  Luna,  Wenden- 
berg.  &  Fiecbrilberg  te(le  Baud. 

The  Sarmatici  Montes  feem  to  fee  the  fanie  with  Sevo  of  Solinus  & 
Plin,  and  Carpates  of  Ptol.  between  Poland  and  Hungary.  Now  Crapack 
d^Tarcx^al,  &  Ben  Munch.  ^  fVartTigarten,  d^BieJcid  &  Scbeneherg,  Sne- 
fefi,  &  BieS'fciady,  Ruffis,  MeUbocm  Mons,  c^  Tatri  Sclavis,  Hartz,waldt, 
Pirkhermero.  Brockersberg  Peucero.  By  Others  Vogeltburg.  The  Hilly  Coun- 
try of  Hejfen  between  Franconia  and  Turingia  by  £.  Rhenano. 

Carvancas,  are  the  Hilly  Trails  of  Tirol  and  Carintbia,  now  Brenner 
Tyramio, 

The  Albanm  of  Ptol.  Albius  Strabo,  are  the  Mountainsof  Stiria^ 
now  Scbwanberger'Albn,  or  AffderAlhen.  Laz,    -yy'         v>*^   "^fif^  i*^' 

The  Babi  Montes,  Ptol.  are  the  Crabaten,or  Krabaten  Mount  in  Croatia, 
Cetim  Alons,  feu  Ce^t/s,  Liv,  &  Ptol.  now  Kalenberg,  or  Halenberg  in  Au-- 
firia,  continued  a  great  length  between  the  Danow  and  the  Dra,  and 
dif^inguiOied  into  iundry  particular  Names  of  Scbneberg,  Deubjperg,  He- 
riebergjHepgferberg  or  Heufiperg,  Semering  df\  Plajfiz,.  The  common  bcninds 
fometimes  of  the  Countries  N0r/cM;9»,and?<?»9<'''i>.         Rz         The 


■-'9h 


»to«arjffw»TWigia« 


•^■v'' 


194  ^  Of  Germanf, 

The  moft  famous  Woods  were  the  Hercyni  Caf,  Tae.  &  Vim,  Hercma, 
Claud.  It  began  after  Cafar  at  the  R^Uffj  and  the  Confines  of  Helvetia, 
and  was  continued  Eaft  wards  along  the  courfe  of  the  Danube,  unto  the 
Daciim  Tranfyhania,Qoma.mmg  then  in  breadth  Nine  days  journey,  in 
length  more  than  fixty.  Parts  and  remainders  of  this  Wood,  were  all 
thoie  vaft  Defarts  and  Foreft  of  the  Dad  and  Sarmata,  whofe  parts 
are  Martiana  5i/x'^,were  the  Woods  covering  the  Hills  ^htiohi,and  from 
their  dark  Ihades  called  S.cbwartz,waU,  or  the  Black  Woo4. 

The  Bacenis  of  Cafar,  the  Semana  Silva  of  Ptol.  now  DuringenvaUt^ 
or  Silva  Turingica,  upon  the  Borders  of  Bohemia  towards  Bavaria. 

Gabreia  Silva  Ptoh  now  Behaimer-waldt,  or  Silva  Bobemica  Mont,  the 
Woods  of  the  Mount  Sudata  towards  the  W.  &  N. 

Luna  Sylva  are  the  Woods  of  the  Sudata  toyNAiAs  Taffaw,  and  the 

South.  .,:-.^.__ 

:  The  Cboragrafbj  of  this  great,  but  Heterogeneous  Country,  as  was 
faid,  is  divided  mto  rnany  £ftates,and  tho^':  Eftatesabfolute  or  inde- 
pendent. For  the  better  Survey  cf  which,  we  will  confider  Germany 
in  three  great  Parts,  viz,  Firft,  Gtrmany  about  the  Rhine :  idly,  Ger- 
many about  the  Danube ;  and  ^dfy,  Germany  about  the  Elbe  and  Oder, 
Let  us  begin  with  Germany  about  the  Rhine  ;znd  firft  with  the  Free 
County  of  5iw2«»</)',  now  the  Fre»ci6  County.  .  . 


FRENCH   County.  '   1 

ACountrey  Hilly  and  uneven,  rifing  with  continual  Downs  and 
Mountains,  covered  with  fertile  Vineyards,  fliady  Woods,  and 
plcafant  Valleys,  watered  with  infinite  Brooks  and  Rivulets,  purling 
down  the  hollow  bottoms  thereof;  every  where  fo  fertile,  that  it  is 
called  the  Flower  of  France ;  its  chief  places  are  Befamon,  Civitas  Vi- 
fontienfis  Ant.  Veftmtio  Cafar,  Vifcntium  Pro/,  a  fair  City  of  good  ftrength, 
a  Univerfity,  and  Archbifhop's  See,  and  Town-Imperial,  feated  in  a 
fruitful  Valley  betwixt  two  Mountains  befet  "With  Vines,  upon  the 
Doux,  with  whofe  itreaii?s  it  is  almoft  encompafied.  2.  Dole,  Dola  Se- 
^uanorum,  a  Town  of  great  Strength,  Riches,  and  Beauty,  and  Famous 
for  its  Colledgc  of  Jefuics,  fi:ituated  upon  the  River  Doux.  Salino,  fo 
named  from  the  Salt-fprings  thereof,  from  whence  infinite  Jtore  of 
Salt  is  made  and  tranfported  into  the  neighbouring  Countries.  The 
Town  is  ftrong,large  and  fair,  lying  in  a  deep  hollow  Vclley  araongft 
Mountains,  upon  the  impetuous  Rivulet  Forica.  Noz,ereth  is  a  fair 
well- traded  Empory,  near  the  Mountainous  Ridgeof  the  7fl«r,  fbr- 
tified  with  a  ftrong  Ca(tle.    Lnxout  under  the  Vau^ue,  is  remaikable 

for 

I 


nsand 
and 


/f       Of  Germany,      ,^  ■     ^       125 

for  the  hot  Medicmal  Bath?:  It  is  divided  into  three  Shires  or  Ballia- 
ges  of  Do/f,  Vohgnyy  SLtid  Vefcul;  befides,  here  are  numbred  iq  Wal- 
led Towns,  and  about  160  Lordfliips.  This  Countrey  was  fubjeft 
to  the  Princes  of  Aufiria,  of  the  Houfe  of  Sfa'm,  and  under  the  Sfa- 
w;/fe  Government,  Befancon  Qxce^Kd,  which  was  a  Town-Imperial,  and 
belonging  immediately  to  the  Empire;  But  in  the  year  1668,  the 
French  King,  under  the  pretence  of  his  Wife's  Title,  with  a  furprizing 
fwiftneis,  conquered  it  in  the  midft  of  Winter,  in  lefs  then  fifteen 
days ;  one  of  the  grciiteft  adions  that  ever  was  performed.  It  ama- 
zed all  Europe,  and  caufed  the  Spaniard  to  quit  their  pretenlions  to  the 
Crown  of  Portugal,  However,  the  Treaty  of  Aix  laChapelU  reftored  it 
again,  but  firft  they  difmantled  all  the  ftrong  Places,  and  Holds,  and 
would  have  deftroyed  the  rich  Salt-pits,  had  nor  the  Interpofition  of 
England  and  Holland  prevented ;  but  in  the  year  1674,  Gray,  WefcJ, 
and  the  lofs  of  other  places,  began  the  conipleat  Conquen  of  that 
Countrey  ,  by  the  taking  of  Befancon,  Dole,  Salin,  &c.;  nor  could 
the  Duke  of  Z^rr^m,  and  Count  Caprara  TcMevc  it,tho  they  defperate- 
ly  engaged  the  Enemy  at  the  Battel  of  Sieren. 


N 

of  the 


Of   L  0  R  R  J  IN. 

'Orth  of  Burgundy  lies  the  Principality  or  Dutchy  of  Lorrain,  Lo- 
thdrtngiay  Lsttheringen,  Lorraign ;  the  Duke  whereof  is  a  Prince 
ot  the  Empire ;  and  the  Countrey  was  reckoned  as  a  Feudatory  there- 
of And  by  the  VyrenaaH  Treaty  thefaid  Dli1;c  was  to  be  reftored  to 
his  Dutchy  of  Lorrain,  with  all  the  places  atid  Towns  which  he  had 
poflefled  in  Mentz,,  Toul,  and  Verdun,  furprized  by  Henry  the  Second, 
King  of  France,  and  fince.  But  France  after  feveral  new  pretences  and 
quarrels,  in  1665,  invefted  Marfal  by  the  Count  of  Quiche,  the  de- 
livery of  which  by  the  Dukeof  Z.orr<«;»,  tho  it  calmed  thetempeft,  yet 
after  continual  Incroachments  upon  his  Jurifdidion,  the  Limits  ofhis 
Territories,  and  his  Soveraignty  it  felf ;  one  of  the  French  Generals  in 
1668,  was  ordered  to  feize  his  Perfon,  had  he  not  preferved  it  by 
leaving  his  Dukedom,  which  now  France  poirelTcs  it  all. 

The  Countrey  is  very  Woody,  and  fomevvhat  Mountainous,  over- 
fpread  with  the  Branches  of  the  Foreft  Ardenne,  and  the  Vaugue  ;  fuf- 
ficiently  ftored  with  all  neceflary  Provifion.  It  afFord^th  plenty  of 
Iron,  Lead,  Tin,  and  Other  Minerals :  Well  ftored  with  Likes  and  Ri^ 
'vers,  which  are  full  of  Filh;  alio  ftore  oi  Salt-Bin,  in"  which  there  is 
very  fine  Salt,  fvveet  in  tafte,  and  whiter  than  Scythian  Snow,  and 
brines  yearly  a  Revenue  of  1 00000  Tr^w^;..    , 

^  '        Chief. 


-'^*v 


M» 


-^^^■ 


ii6  Of  Germanf^ 

.  Chief  Places  whereof  are  Mett,  the  DivoJurum  of  Pro/,  and  Tac.  Civt' 
tai-MeMo  mairicum  of  Ant.  Meta^  &  MetUyalih  :  The  Royal  Seat  fome- 
times  of  the  Fr<r«<r/>  Kings  of  Aufirafta  or  H'eflnck-,  An  [mperial  City 
(bated  on  the  Mofel,  at  the  Confluence  of  the  Seilla  River  j  befieged 
by  Charles  tiie  Emperor,  with  loocpp men,  ^wwa  if  ?2.but  defpair- 
ing  of  fuecefslie  left  it,  and  afterwvirds  caiiingoffhis  Empire,  in  the 
Monaftery  of  Jujfus  he  ended  his.  life.  •  ,  ^.y 

It  was  the  chief  Seat  of  tlijs^?,^/tfw^jfr/w  o^  Ptol,  the  MediomatrUi 

'  of  Cafcr.  .    • 

'    2.  Tcul  Tullumy  Viol  Cit.  Lucorum  &  TmUo  Ant.-  a  Bi/hop's  See  and 

a  Town  Imperial  upon' the  River  Mvfel'^  built  by  Tullus  Hofhlius,  as 

the  French  Writers  fay.     The  Metropolis  of  the  Leuci  ox  Liberi.  ofC<e- 

far,  Lucan,  anC  Ptol.  ilb  ("••:. 

5.  Nancj^  Nancejum  &  Naftum  Vtol  (He  that  confiders  the  Antonire 
Itinerary,  (hall  eafily  find,  that  Antonws  his  ISfa/ium  cannot  be  Seated 
in  that  place  where  Nnncryum  it  now  j  fo  that  N^fium  is  not  that  which 
we  do  now  call  Nancj^  but  a  Town  1 2  miles  diftint  from  it,  not  far 
from  the  River  Mofa,  in  the  Barro^ucan  Province,  commonly  called 
Nasy  as  appeareth  by  the  Infcription  of  Stone  digged  up  there;  for 
by  the  Ruins  it  appears  that  this  Nas  was  formerly  a  very  large  City). 
Seated  upon  the  River  Murra,  the  Refidence  formerly  of  the  Duke, 
one  ftrongly  Fortified,  remarkable  for  the  Difafter  oi  Charles  Duiie 
of  Burgundy i  who  loft  the  Battel  and  his  Life  near  her  Walls,  -1476. 
taken  by  the  French  Anno  1637.  And  Anno  1 661,  her  Fortifications 
were  difmantled. 

4.  Verdun  J  Vtrodunum  &  Verodunum  Ant.  a  Town  Imperial,  and  a 
Bilhop's  See,  upon  the  R.ivcr  Meufe:  ,C  lied  alfo  Ci-oitas  Verdunenfium. 

5.  Nicholas,  2  miles  from  Nancy,  if  Walled,  would  be  the  faireft  City 
in  i.orraift.  Blankcnhrg,  by  the  French  Bl.wcwont,  is  a  fair  and  pleafant 
Town,  adorned  with  an  Ancient  Caftle,  and  the  Dukes  Palace.    Nor 

■  rouft  Iforget  the  New  Fort  built  by  King  Lctvk  theXlV^-^.  called  Saar 
Louisy  built  upon  the  River  S'*re,  between  r.nidtrang  and  ^arbruck. 
By  the  Treaty  of  Kefv/ick  the  French  reftore  all  Lorram  to  the  Duke, 
except  Metz,f  Verdun^  Tou!,  and  Sar  Louis. 

-i;^^^  -   ^'■■■'--  "      Of    C  L  E  F  E.. 

THE  Eftates  of  the  Dutchy  of  Cleveland  cont,iined  whilft  it  was 
the  entire  Patrimony  of  thofe  Dukes,  i .  The  Dutciiy  of  Chves. 
2.  Oi  Juliers.  ;»  Of  Berg.  And  4.  The  Enrldoni  of  Mark.  CLve  was 
made  an  Earldom,  Anno  911;  for  want  of  Heirs  it  devolved  into  tha 
Empire  13 fo.  CW/wthe  Fourth  gave  it  to  Adolpb  Bilhop  of  C'un^ 


.tvi- 

)me- 

City 

eged 

pair- 

1  the 


ifltrtct 

:e  and 

lius,  as 


\ntonir.t 
Seated 
:  which 
not  far 
\)  called 
:re;  for 
5  City). 
;  Duke, 
's  Dui^e 

5,  >  1,476. 

fications 

I,  and  a 

\unen^um. 
ireftCity 

pleaCanc 
;e.  Nor 
illed  Saar 
\Sarhruck. 

ie  Duke, 


Km  it  W.1S 

I  of  Cltves. 

\Cltve  was 
into  tha 
of  C-'lcn  J 
Stgf- 


Of  Germdny.  127 

S'tpfmufid  the  Emperor  made  it  a  Dukedom,  1417.  Its  chief  Places 

SLTeClevefClivia^Cleefwcolis.  2  fVefeljlVefelia,  •    ••     »    . 

"'^'•■,.i:r:"'^'    Of  J  V  L  I  E  R  s.  '■-::"''/';.:_■' 

TH  E  Dukedom  of  Juliers  was  United  to  Cleve  by  Marriage  1496. 
Its  chief  Places  are  JuUarsal.  Guhck^yuliacum  Ant.  belongingto 
the  Prince  of  Newhurg,  5.  Akm  Flanclris^  Ach  Gtrmanify  A'tx  la  Cha- 
felle  Gallts,  A<jitifgranit  Italis,  &  At^uifgranHM  from  its  hot  Baths.  Vete- 
ra Vtol.  &  Ant.  alils.  But  Pyramyiti  and  Fighim  tells  US  that  Stanten  in 
the  Dutchy  o^Chves,  is  the  Vtttra  of  the  Ancients.  And  Simkun  will 
have  it  to  be  Berth  upon  the  Khine.  Therwagram  by  Rheginoni.  Dedioyed 
by  Attila  J  fince  fimous  for  being  the  Metropolis  of  the  Empire  of 
C  Unrngne^  and  for  his  Burial  place,  pnd  alfo  for  the  Tomb  of  the 
r  .^j:xovOiho  the  Third,  ruined  by  ine  J^ornians  8S2.  deftroyed  by 
(i\i  1 146,  and  again  1224  it  was  fired;  1624  it  was  taken  by  the 
Spr,niards;  16^6  it  was  again  almoft  dellroyed  by  fire,  viz..  twenty 
Churches  and  Chappels,  and  about  poo  Houfcs.  Now  famous  for 
its  Holy  Relicks,  and  much  vifited  by  Pilgrims  from  many  parts,  as 
alfo  for  the  Treaty  of  Peace  1668.  Two  Leagues  from  Aken  is  i  Mine 
of  Lapis  Calam'marisy  which  hath  been  wrought  upon  for  300  years. 

Montenfs  Dttcatm^  the  Dutchy  of  Mont  or  Berg,  its  chief  City  is 
DuJfeUorpy  a  Town  and  Caftle,  formerly  the  Seat  of  the  Dukes  of 
Cleves  and  Julters,  &c.  Here  is  alfo  D«^rj/«>-^  an  Imperial  City,  D//]?«?r- 
guw,  Afcihurgitt/fj  &"  Difporum  of  0)6, 

la  the  C'  uiity  of  Marck  chief  pi.^ces  are  Soefi,  or  Zoefi,  Sufatum  of 
old,  and  ^-rw.wrt,  Tremovia  &  Dcr/w^zww,  both  free  Cities.  The 
Dutchy  i  V  r  J.  and  Earldom  of  Marc ky  belongs  now  to  the  Marquis 
oi Braftclenour^,  AikZ  o£  Berg  and  Juliers  to  the  Duke  of  Nev^hrg. 
Meursh  honour-^ci  with  the  Title  of  an  EarMom,  now  fubjedl  to  the 
ILin^  of  Er.glandy  as  Prince  oiOravge. 

Adjoining  to  whefe  Countries,  are  the  three  EUfT.oral.  Archbi- 
ibopricks :. 


Of    M  E  N  T  Zj 


1  '.,11  f^'*  •     '        •  •     •  •  M' 

TH  £  A/chbvfhop  of  Mentz,  who  is  firftin  Dignity,  being  Chan- 
ceiki,  or"  the  S.^:red  Empire ,  and  hath  tiie  Priviledge  of 
Crowning  Cajar,  except  at  ynix  la  Cbapelle,  which  then  belongs  to 
the  Eletitor  of  Collen,  His  Jurifdidion  and  Territories,  like  fome  of 


cur 


J28  ^   ^         Of  GtrmMy.       / 

our  ETioceiTes^  U^  difperfed  in  feveral  Countries.  HisChief  places  are 
Mentz,y  or  Maintz,  Germanis,  Mayence^  Gallis,  Magonzaltalis,  Movontiacum 
Ttol.  Magontiacum  Tac.Mogontiacus  df  Mogantiacum  A.  Marc.  Cit»  Mogun- 
tiacenfis  Ant.  Mogmttia  Rbeginoni,  Magontia  Eutropio,  the  Metropolis  then 
of  the  Province  of  Germania  pima.  Here,  is  laid,  was  firft  Invented 
the  Noble  Art  of  Printing,  by  John  Gutenhurg,  Knight,  in  the  year 
1440.  It  was  an  Archbifhop's  See  in  74  f .  ana  was  taken  by  the  King 
(A  Sweden  16}  i,  who  there  kept  his  Chrifimas.  An  Academy  1482. 
2.  Ajcbafenhurgy  or  Afciburgianiy  Afchaffenburg  the  place  of  the  Arch- 
bifhops Refidence.  l.Erford'mTuringia^  Bicurgium  Ptol.  tefie  Pyramio, 
Erpbordia  &  Hercino,  Vhordia  &  Frfordia,  Erfurdt  IncoUs,  Erford  Gallis,  a 
City  large,  rich,  and  populous,  &  :  ^  ed  amongft  thechiefeft  in  Ger^ 
rnanyy  Governed  in  manner  of  a  >  StatQ;  but  in  1664  reduced 
again  to  the  obedience  of  the  Eletiur  of  Meptz,  (ope  Gallorum), 
1392  was  founded  an  Univerfity;  rf'^v' '""^  -A 


V'» 


'Cf    COLO  6  N  E. 


./?:V,.v''*"» 


•■    I-  '* 


2.  fX^  H  E  Archbiftioprick  CiColhn,  a  fair  and  goodly  Countrey,  lying 
X.  upon  the  left  fhore  of  the  Rbinei  Its  chief  Places  are,  i.  Coin 
Germ,  Cologne  Gallis,  Colonia  Agrippinen/ts  Vlin.  Agrippinenjts  Ptol.  Co- 
Ionia  Agrippinenfis  df  Oppidum  UBiorum  Tac.  Colonia  Agnppina  ^  Agvippi- 
nenfis  Ant.  The  Metropolis  of  the  Province  of  Germania  Secunda»  and 
a  famous  Colony  of  the  Romam,  brought  hither  in  the  Reign  of  the 
Emperor  Tiberius ,  by  Agrippina  Daughter  to  C/gfar  Germanicus,  and 
Wife  to  the  Emperor  Claudius.  The  Rome  of  Germany,  An  Irnperial 
City,  but  does  Homage  to  the  Arcbifhop.  The  Cathedral  of  St,.Pe- 
ter's  is  of  vaft'and  ftupendious  greatnefs.C/^/^ir's  Bridge  over  the  Rhine 
*is  one  of  the  ancienteft  in  Europe.  Here  alfoare  faid  to  lye  the  Bodies  of 
the  three  Kings  that  came  from  the  Eaft  to  worfliip  our  Saviour. 
2.  Bonne,  Bona  Ptol.  Caflra  Bomnfia  Tac.  now  the  ReHdence  01  the  Ele- 
ctor, Seated  in  a  plealant  and  fruitful  part  of  the  Countrey.  This 
Archbifhop  is  Chancellor  of  7/'^/;',. and  fecond  in  Dignity.  He  isalfo 
Prince  and  Paftor  of  the  Countrey  andjurifdidlion  01  Leige,  a  Coun- 
trey very  healthy  and  pleafant ;  where  are  reckoned  2  j"  Walled 
Towns,  and  1700  Villages.  But  the  defcription  of  this  Countrey  I 
fliall  refer  to  that  of  the  Spamflj  Provinces,  being  intermixed  with 
them.  And  ihall  here  only  fay,  that  Liege  is  feated  on  the  River  MaeZj 
near  that  Valley  wherein  two  Legions  of  Julius  Cafar  under  Sabinm 
and  Cotta  were  deltroyed  by  Ambioriz.,  Capt.iin  of  the  Eburonesi 


;ir. 


^ 


/ 


Of 


IPP^ 


ces  are 
ttiacum 

Us  then 
ivented 
tie  year 
icKing 
r  1482. 
e  Arch- 
Vyramio, 
Gallis,  a 
\  in  Ger- 
reduced 
lUorum), 


:rey,lying 
re,  i.Coln 
f  ?tol.  Co- 

cunda^  and 
ignot  the 
znicusy  and 
1  Imperial 
of  St.Pc- 
r  the  Rhine 
e  Bodies  of 
ur  Saviour. 
of  the  Ele- 
crey.    This 
.  He  is  alfo 
re,  aCoun- 
\^  Walled 
Countrey  I 
■mixed  with 
River  Maez,, 
nder  Sab'inyu 
mromsi       i 

Of 


ir 


-J -5;  •»?-•,> 


Of    TREVES. 


129 


3.^T^O  this  fucceeds  the  Archbifiioprick  of  Triers  or  Treves,  Dioce- 
X  fis  Treveretjfis,  extended  along  the  courfe  of  the  Mofelle,  from  the 
Confines  of  Lorrain  unto  the  Rhine,    A  Countrey  rather  pleafant  than 
fruitful,  hilly  and  full  of  Woods,  rich  chiefly  in  Minerals  of  Iron  and 
Lead:  Chief  Places  are,  r.  Tritr  Germ.  Treves Gallis,  Tnveri  Itaiisy  Co- 
Ionia  Treverorum  Tac.  Augujla  Mela,  Augufta  Treverorum  Ftol,  Augufia  Li' 
btra  Pliny,  Treveres  Sahiano,  Civitas  Treverorum  Ant,  the  Metropolis 
then  of  the  firft  Belgica,  and  Refidence  of  the  Vicar-General  of  Gaul, 
feated  upon  the  M^elle,  now  an  Archbi(hop's  See,  and  chief  of  the 
Countrey,  whofe  bHhopis  Chancellor  of  France  for  the  Emperor.  Built 
and  named  from  Trebeta,  Brother  toNinus  King  of  Ajfyria,  Anno  ante 
Ckr*(tum  1496,  tefte  Baud,  It^  ancient  Inhabitants  were  the  Trevtri  of 
Cafaraind  Liv.  the  Treveri  Fhn,  d^  Mela^  tu    TreviriPtol,  2.  Cobolentz, 
al,  CoblentZj,  Legio  prima  Trajana  Ptol,  Confluentes  Ant.  feated  at  the  In- 
flux of  the  River  Mofelle  and  Rhine.  A  Town  populous  and  well 
built,  the  Countrey  about  it  very  pleafant  and  fertile.  3.  Hermanftein, 
Hermanns  Saxum,  alfo  Ernbretflein,  or  Erenbreitfiein,  a  ftrong  Caitle^ 
notable  for  its  long  Siege,  1636,  oppoHte  to  C0k«9/i&. 

Mount-Royal  upon  the  Mofel,  buiic  by  the  King  of  France,  \\2l  mo- 
dern and  ftrong  Fortification.     .>^    v.;  ,     ..:'.:  %     , 


i..^ 


Of  the  Palatinate  of  the  R  H  I  N  E. 


NExt  to  thefe  lies  the  Palatinate  of  the  Rhine :  Palatinas  inferior 
Rheni,  P/altz,  Me  Rbein  or  Nder  PfaltzGarmanis,  Palatinat  du 
Riin.  Gallis,  This  Countrey  (before  thofe  unhappy  Wars  betwixt 
the  Emperor  Ferdinand  the  Second,  And  Frederick  the  Fifth,  Count 
Palatine  of  the  Rhine,  (whereby  it  was  much  ruinated  )  was  accounts 
ed  themoft  fruitful  and  pleafant  of  all  Germany,  efpecially  for  its  ex- 
cellent Rbenijb  Wines.  Chief  Places  are  Heidelburg,  Heidelhrga,  by 
fome  thought  to  be  the  Budoris  of  Pro/.  Some  Authors  call  it  Edelberg, 
which  fignifies  the  Noble  Mountain  :  Others  Eidleberg,  which  figni- 
fiesthe  Near  Mountain ;  Ceated  on  the  South-fide  of  the  River  Neccar, 
in  a  Bottom,  amongft  Hills.  It  was  an  Univerfity,  ever  fince  theyeaj: 
1546,  founded  by  Rupert  Count  Palatine,  and  much  frequented.  In 
the  great  Church  was  kept  that  famous  Library,  which  was  after- 
wards carried  to  Rome,  and  added  to  the  Vatican.  Upon  the  Town- 
houfe  is  a  Clock  with  divers  motions.    The  Eledlor  Carolus  Ludovi- 


■\'  ■ 


etis 


41 


M 


i\6  ^  QitmAfiy\      ' 

CHS  was  Knight  of  the  moft  Noble  Order  of  the  Garter,  Great  Trea- 
furer  of  the  Empire,  and  tbgether  with  the  Elector  of  Saxony  Vicar  of 
the  Empire.  By  the  Treaty  of  Muvfter  1 648.  he  was  reftored  to  the 
Lower  Palatinate.  In  his  Palace  or  Caftle  of  Heidelbmg  are  divers 
things  remarkable,  via.  the  Grotes  and  Waterworks.  The  Great 
Tun  which  contains  about  200  Tuns.  Other  places  are  Mmheim, 
Manbemium,  a  Town  and  ftrong  Fort  at  the  Confluence  of  the  Necear, 
or  Necker  and  Rhine.  The  Bridge  over  the  Moat  of  the  Cittadel  into 
the  Town  is  alfo  remarkable.  Not  far  hence  ftands  the  old  Caftle 
P/aitx,,  whence  the  Palatin4tes  feem  to  have  their  Name  of  ?/<7//ss.. 
Grave.  ■  \-  ..  ••jI-t'-'.S  1.    •      _'-■.'•'.■ 

Within  the  Limits  of  this  County,andintermingIed  with  the  Lands 
of  this  Prince  Palatine,  are  the  Bifliopricks  of,  i.  Spiers,  Neomagus  of 
Ptol.  Noviamagm  hxit.  Ni^meffiCcf.  &Plin.  telle  Rhenano.  .S^ir^Ita- 
lis,  Sfire  Gallis,  famous  for  the  Imperal  Chamiber  there  kept,  fixed 
at  Francfort  in  the  Reign  of  Maximilian  the  Firft,  afterwards  at  Worms, 
and  now  laftly  in  the  Year  i  yjo.  tranflated  hither.;  2.  Of  Worms 
Borbetomagus  Ptol.  &  Bormitemagtts,  Cir,  Vangionenfis  &  Wormenjis  of 
Ant.  Latino  Wormacia^  fimous  for  the  many  Imperial  Parliaments  there 
formerly  held  asaforefaid  ;  near  which  phce  Molpbtts^  Earl  of  Najfaw, 
the  King  of  the  Romans,  was  flain  in  the  Year  1292.  by  jilbert  Duke 
of  Aufiria,  There  is  alfo  belonging  to  this  Biihoprick  o^Sftre,  Odenheim, 
or  UdenheimGtT.  Pbilipsburg  Gal.  Neomagus  VtohtQ^Q  J,  Heroldo;  taken 
by  thQ  Germans  from  the  French  167J.  Surrendred  tatbe  i7-«»c/6  1688. 
lx»  theGarifon  were  if 00 Soldiers,  104  great  Guns,  150  weight  of 
Powder,  and  Provifions  for  feveral  months. 

While  the  Dauphin  viras  bufied  in  this  Siege,  the  Marquefs  of  Bouf- 
fieri f  and  the  Baron  of  Monclar,  made  themfelves  Mailers  of  all  the 
Places  round  aboutj  and  put  Garifbns  into  Spire,  May^nce,  Creufenack, 
Bauarach,  Heydelburgb,  and  feveral  other  Places  as  far  as  Haylbron  ,. 
great  Contributions  were  demanded  owioi  Francmia,  1 00000  Crowns 
of  the  City  of  Frankfort,  300000  of  tht  Duke  of  Wtrtemburgh,  But 
in  June  i689>  we  had  the'News  that  the  French  had  laid  the  Cities  of 
Spire,  Oppenbeim,  Worms  and  Frankendale  in  Aflies. 

Weft  of  this  Palatinate,  if  not  belonging  to  it,  is  Zussejbrucken  Inco- 
lis,  Dettxpontj  Gallis,  the  chief  City  of  the  Dukedom  of  the  fame 
Name,  by  others  called  the  Dukedom  of  Biponts.  Charles  Gujiaism  was 
Son  of  John  C<9/mffr^ a  younger  Brother  to  the  Dukeof  Zmry^ffc/I,  but 
whether  ir  belongs  to  the  Swedes,  or  Prince  of  Newburg,  I  do  not  (Cer- 
tainly find;  I  think  it  was  taken  by  the  French  much  about  the  time 
that  the  Prince  of  Lntx^lfttin  received  a  French  Garifon,  14S74,    To  this 

alfo 


rrea- 

;ar  of 

0  the 
divers 
Great 
nheinff 
^eccar, 
el  into 
Caftle 
TjaltZ.^ 

i  Lands 
lagus  of 
fir  a  Ita- 
)t,  fixed 
:  Worms, 
F  Wormt 
nenfis  of 
nts  there 
Najfaw, 
er^Duke 
^denheim, 
^0;  taken 
tcb  1688. 
veigbt  of 

of  Bfl«/- 
3f  all  the 
renfenacky 
Haylbron  , 
,  Crowns 
rgb.    But 

1  Cities  of 

chn  Inco- 
the  fame 
Uvffs  was 
>brttcky  but 
Id  notcier- 
|t  the  time 
To  this 
alfo 


Of  Germafif.  iji 

alfo  let  us  Add  the  Lantgrave  of  DarmfiaJt,  who  has  a  Voice  in  the 
AffemblieSj  and  is  of  the  Houfe  of  CaJJel, 


■^    \. 


Of    A  L  S  A  T  I  A. 

SOuthof  this  Palatinate  lies  the  Province  o^  Alfatiaf  Elfafs,  or  £/- 
fatz,  Germ,  yilface  Gallis,  a  Country  that  fcarce  yieldeth  to  the 
beft  in  Germany  for  pleafure  and  fertility,  abounding  with  Corn,  Wine, 
and  fundry  forts  of  delicious  Fruits.  It  is  divided  into  the  Uupper  and 
Lower  Alface,  to  which  the  French  Geographers  add  Suntgow  and  Brif- 
gowy  though  all  other  reckon  the  latter  to  belong  to  the  Circle  of 
Sch-waben.  Chiefer  Towns  in  the  Lawer  Elfatz  are  fVeiffemborg,  Alba 
Sebufianay  feu  WeiJJ'embergumy  a.  fair  Town  at  the  foot  of  the  Mountain 
Vogefusy  fortified  by  Nature  and  Art.  Hagenaw,  Hagenoia,  once  both 
Imperial  Towns,  now  fubjed  to  the  French  ;  as  is  Zabern,  Taberna, 
Ant.  oncethechiefSeatofJufticeof  thcfiiftiopof^/rtfj^^A.  Butthe 
chief  Citj  of  all  Alfatia  is  Strasburgb,  populous,  (trong  and  well  built. 
The  Church  is  one  of  the  Wonders  of  the  World,  foJ  the  bignefs,  the 
fumptuoufnefs,  and  the  marvellous  heighth  of  the  Steeple,  5*74  foot, 
and  the  inimitable  Structure.  The  Arfenalls  alfo  very  confiderable,  and 
well  provided  with  all  forts  of  Ammunition  and  Arms ;  yet  furrendred 
to  the  French  1682.  The  Argentorarum  oiPto\.  &  Cic.  Argentoracenji- 
um  Ant.  Argentina  Italis.  A  bifhop's  See,  and  Imperial  City.  In  the 
Higher  Alfatia,  ^vtSchleftadySchUfiadium,  Elce bos  of  Pto\.  &  Ant.  Ctf/- 
mar  built  out  of  the  Ruines  of  the  Argentuaria  of  Ptol.  &  Ant.  deftroy- 
ed  by  Attila  and  the  Huns.  Enfijheimy  the  Vruncisoi  Ant.  The  Upper 
Elfatz,  belonged  wholly  to  the  Arch-Dukes  of  y^«/?rw,  the  Lower  to 
the  Billiops  of  Strasburg.  Both  challenged  the  Title  of  Landtgraves. 
But  fince  the  Treaty  of  Munfter,  the  French  have  enjoyed  the  greateft 
part.  Chiefer  Towns  in  Suntgow  are  Mulhaufeny  a  Town  Imperial, 
confederate  with  the  Switz^ersy  noted  for  its  Gardens  and  Mills.  Mont- 
belltardy  Mens  Bclligardusj  Monipelgard  Germanis,  ftands  upon  the  Con- 
fines of  Alfatia  And  Burgundy ,  and  was  fubjedl  tb  the  Duke  of  IVtrtem- 
burg,  until  it  was  feized  upon  by  the  French;  it  is  noted  for  its  ftrong 
Fortrefs,  and  for  a  Difpute  between  Beza  And  Jac.  Andreay  alias  Schmid- 
Itaus.  Chief  Towns  in  BrifgoWy  or  Brifgovia^  beyond  the  Rhine,  are 
Friburgy  Fr/^wm«w,aUniverfity,built  by  the  Dukeof  Zfr/wg-pw,  11 12, 
now  poiTelTea  by  the  French  j  not  far  from  whence  arc  to  be  fcen  the 
Ruins  of  Zeringen  Caftle,from  whence  the  ancient  Dukes  were  Entitled. 
Brifach,  Mons  Brifiacus  Anl.  a  Fortrefs  then  of  the  Romans,  now  of  the 
French  \  and  well  fortified.    But  Fort  Huningen  near  Baz,el,  and  Fort 

S  2  Lcu'ij 


■  'i^'  -r'jjpit'*^"*T^T^', 


,,,p, —  ■•••^,>?, 


/ 


IJ2  *     Of  German f.' 

Lewis  io  the  R/6^'»e,  notfar  from  .j?<i</<w,  are  thje  llrongeft  Fortifications 
in  this  Country.  ,  . , ',i,!.  ■   '.  !    ~ 

Come  we  now  to  the  Eftates  beyond  the  Rhine,  under  which  we 
will  take  in  Franconia,  Hajfia^  and  fVe(iphalia.      ^ 

\  .,   •  V    Of  the  Circle  of  Franconia.  ; ,    .^  n    , 

THE  Circle  of  Franconia  is  divided  into  three  parts,  vix,.  i.  Into 
Ecdedafticks.  2.  Laick.  3.  Imperial  Cities.  So  that  'tis  go- 
verned by  many  diftindt  Princes,  fome  of  greater,  others  of  Ids  Power 
and  Dominion  ;  but  the  Title  of  the  whole  is  given  to  ihe  Biftiop  of 
Wirtsburg,  A  Countrey  hedged  on  all  fides  with  Forefts  and  Moun- 
tains, within  plain,  healthy  and  pleafant,  tolerably  fruitful  with  Corn 
and  Wine.  Thechiefof  thcEcclefiafticksare,  firft  theBi/hopof  ^/>/%- 
Jtwr^,   Bifthurab.     Wurtz,burg  incolis,  Evefche  de   Wurtsbourg  Gallis. 

-  Whofe  chief  places  are  Wunx^burg,  Herbipolis  quafi  Herehipolis,Jf^trtz- 
^«>^quafi  Multopolii,  oX\m  Marcopolisy  &  Paapolis,  tefte  Irenico.  &  Ar- 
tatwum  Ptol.  tefte  Petro  Apiano,  featecj  upon  the  Main  in  a  pleafant 
Plain,  environed  with  Meadows,  Gardens,  and  Viny  Downs.  2.  The 
Bifliop  of  Bamberg^  Gravionarum  Ptol.  tefte  P.  Apiano.  Bamberga  Sl 
Pamberga  &  Papeburga,  in  Script  German.  This  City  is  large,  fair, 
and  entirely  Catholick.  The  Bifhop  is  the  firft  of  the  Empire,  it  ac- 
knowledgeth  no  Metropolitan,  but  depends  immediately  upon  the 
Pope.     3 .  Mergentbeimy  Mergetbeim  &  Morkentbal,  &  Marientaly  Merge-' 

.  tbum  feu  Maria  Domusyths  Refidence  of  the  Great  Maflerof  theTeuto- 
nick  Order,  Thefe  were  (bme  German  Gentlemen  who  waited  upon 
the  Emperor  Frederick  the  Firft  in  his  Expedition  to  the  Holy  Land, 
who  took  the  Croifado,  and  were  Inftalled  at  the  Church  or  Hofpitai 
of  St.  Mary  Jerufalem,  and  called  Marianites,  Their  Order  differed  no- 
think  from  the  Tempkrs  of  St.  Jobn,  but  in  form  and  colour  of  their 
Crofs.  After  the  taking  o(Jerufalem  by  Saladine,  thefe  Knights  went 
to  Ptolomais;  from  vfhence  Frederick  the  Second  fent  for  them  into  Gtr- 
many  to  fight  againli  the  Truffians  and  Livonians,  who  at  that  time 
were  Pagans ;  which  War  began  in  the  Year  1220.  In  a  little  while 
after  thefe  Knights  had  made  themfelves  Matters  of  a  Country  of  very 
large  extent,  and  obeyed  the  Order  till  125  y.  at  which  time  Sigij- 
mundy  King  of  Poland,  gave  the  Inveftieureof  Prw^rfunto  Jlbert  Mar-. 
quis  of  Brandenburg.  In  the  Year  1^65  the  Great  Malter  became  Se- 
cular again,  and  took  part  of  the  Lands  fubje^  to  the  Order,  with  the 

JVame  of  Duke  of  Cpar/W.     .    r;  l-  ;    , 


4.    The 


%i'' 


t'lf  >i 


Of  Qermany. 


»SJ 


tions 
:hwe 


.Into 

tis  go- 
Power 
iiop  of 
Vloun- 
iCorn 
Wirtz,-' 
Gallis. 

pleafant 
2.  The 

jerga  &; 
ge,fair,  . 
e,  it  ac- 
pon  the 
,  Merger 
le  Teuto- 
;d  upon 
y  Land, 
Hofpital 
'ered  no- 
of  their 
Its  went 
nto  Ger- 
lat  time 
:le  while 
r  of  very 
Tie  Sigijr 
fert  Mar- 
;ame  Se- 
withtlifi 


The 


4.  The  Biflioprick  ofEidfiaJt,  or  Aicbfiadt,  Ala  Nirafca  Ant.  & 
AHrtatttm  tefte  Gafp.  Brocio  near  the  Danube.  The  chief  of  the 
Laicks  are  the  Marqueffes  of  Culltmbacb  and  Omhacb,  the  Counts  of 
Holac,  IVertheim  and  Erpach,  or  Erbach,  who  find  their  Original  from 
a  Daughter  of  CbarlefnaiirKe, who  married  to  a  Gentleman  after  flie  had 
carried  him  upon  her  back  through  the  Court  of  the  Palace.  The  Im- 
perial Towns  are,  i.  Nuremberg,  J^orimburg,  Nurnburg  Germ.  Nerober- 
ga  &  Noricorutn  Mons,  Norica  C^efari.  A  place  of  great  Trade,  and 
well  frequented  by  Merchants.  The  faireft,  moft  priviledged,  richeft, 
and  beft  governed  in  Germany.  Here  the  new-chofen  Emperor  ought 
to  hold  his  firft  Diet ;  and  here  are  the  Ornaments  ufed  at  the  Coro- 
nation of  the  Emperors;  viz.  the  Royal  Crown:  The  Dalmatick 
Gown:  The  Imperial  Cloak,  c^**:.  Here  was  MiA:iwi/w«j  Wooden  Ea- 
gle, that  flew  a  quarter  of  a  mile,  and  back  again.  And  here  the  Bur- 
gers have  power  to  imprifon  their  Children^  and  caft  them  alive  into 
the  River.  Here  Cbarles  the  Great  defigned  ta  make  a  Communication 
of  palTage  between  the  Danube  and  the  Rbine,  by  joining  the  Rednitz, 
and  the  y^rww/ Rivers,  whereby  there  might  have  been  a  Commerce 
by  Water  from  the  Low-Countries  to  r/f»»<»,and  even  unto  the  Euxke, 
But  feme  inconveniencies  in  the  attempt,  and  his  Warlike  Diverfions^ 
;made  him  give  over  that  noble  Defign.     '  ^!i  /vi\'.    jv.;} -r-v    .  :; 

2.  Frankfort  J  Francfort,  or  ,Frankfurt,  Francofurtum  &  Francpbordia, 
HelempoliSy  oUm  Trajeilus  Francorum.  The  paffage  or  Ford  of  the 
Franks.  A  free  City,  and  reckoned  in  the  Circle  of  Franconia  by  moft 
Geographers,  though  I  rather  take  it  to  be  in  the  Circle  of  the  Higher 
Rhine.  It  is  renowned  for  its  Book- Fairs,  or  Marts,<  iri  March,  and 
in  Septemben  For  its  Fortrefs,  and  for  the  Ele<5tion  of  the  ETrnperor. 
It  is  a  large  and  ftrong  place,  divided  into  two  parts,  Frankfurt  and 
Saxenbaujen,  by  the  River  Main,  united  by  a  Stone- Bridge. 

Other  Imperial  Towns  in  Franconia  ,  are  i.  Schwinfort,  Suevorum 
Traje6lus,  Smnfordia  &  Suvinfurtum,  feated  in  a  fruitful  Soil;  2;  jRo- 
tenburg  al.  Tuberutn,  feated  upon  the  River  Tauber,  which  fomc  fay  is 
like  Jerufalem  for  its  Scituation  upon  Hills,  and  for  its  many  Turrets., 
g.  fVeinpieim  Vmifima  ^yinjhemia  Winfiaim.  4.  AUdorff  3,  Univerfity,. 

1.62^.       ;■   y  _."  .1-  t»  .■'.  .  •<  "*   >    -  .  .  j0b-*^J^i'i> 

■•■»  ^:^r■^     ^  .   Of     H  A  S  S  I  A^  "  :iii  .•.•J>o: .-.-fi^j; 

ADjoining  to  F)i««»w  on  the  North-weft  is  the  Landgravelhip 
of  Htjjen,  or  Hajjiay  of  a  healthy  Air,  and  a  fruifulSoil  in  Corn 
and  Pafturage.    Sonje  Authors  would  have  it  fo  name  J  from  the 

Ciittiam 


.^^ 


^' 


mmmm 


--«. 


-s  ;-'H.. 


f|4  OfGevmAifj. 

Catt'tans,  who  did  inhabit  this  Country  by  changing  the  Letters ; 
whence  it  is  yet  called  Caiz.fn-Elbogtn.  Beatut  Rhenarms^Ub,  i.  faith, 
that  the  Heftans  coming  out  of  IW^'Gerniarty,  and  having  expelled 
the  C<7fr/;  did  poifefs  thefe  parts,  and  called  it  afccr  their  own  Name. 
There  is  none  but  the  Houfe  of  Heffe  that  takes  its  chief  Title  of  Land- 
graviate  from  thence.  That  of  Mfatia  was  transferred  to  the  King 
of  Frame  by  the  Treaty  of  Mmfier  ;  that  of  Leuchtemberg  to  the  Hou^ 
of  Bofvaria  by  the  Marriage  of  Duke  Albert  with  MariUu,  Heirefs  of 
that  Principality  j  That  of  Thurivgia  belongs  to  the  Duke  of  Saxom  5 
that  of  Saufentburg  to  the  Marquifsof  Baden  j  and  that  of  NoUembourg  to 
the  Houfe  of  Aujhiai  the  Count  of  Furjtemberg  takes  upon  him  the  qua- 
ftyled  Landgraves  of  Klegen.  HaJ/ia  was  heretofore  only  a  County, 
lity  of  Landgrave  of  Stilltngutn  and  Bath ;  and  the  Counts  of  Sultz,  are 
and  part  of  the  Principality  of  Thurmgia.  The  greateft  part  of 
the  Country  is  now  divided  into  two  Families,  the  one  of  Cajjel, 
the  other  of  Darmfat  oiihe  youngell  Houfe;  chief  places  belong- 
ing to  the  Landgiaves,  are  Cajely  Cajfella  &  Caftlia,  Cajhlla  Cattc- 
rum  &  Stereontmm  Ptol.  tefte  Pyramio  upon  the  River  Fuld,  the 
chief  Seat  of  the  Landgraves.  2.  Marfurg,  or  Martyurgy  Marpur- 
gum  &  Mortis- burgam,  Mattiacum  Ptol.  tefte  Ortel.  &  Amajta,  Baud. 
upon  the  River  Lobriy  an  Univerfity  founded  in  the  Year  1426.  by 
Lewis  Biftiop  of  Munfier,  Here  the  Landgraves  have  a  ftately  and  mag- 
nificent Caftle,  mounted  upon  a  high  Hill  without  the  Town,  enjoying 
a  pleafant  profpeft,  and  one  of  their  chief  ploces  of  Refidence. 
3.  Darmfiad  with  its  Caftle,isthe  Seat  and  Inheritance  of  the  youngeft 
Houfe  of  the  Landgrave.  Part  of  this  Country  of  HeJJ'en  belongs  to 
the  Abbey  ofFulda^  one  of  the  richeft  and  moft  celebrious  in  Europe, 
Anno  1640.  it  was  taken  by  Bannier,  and  here  he  heard  a  Voice  in 
(he  Air,  Begone,  Bannier,  be  gone,  for  now  the  time  «r;  yet  he  lived  to 
get  that  Vi^ory  at  Homberg  in  Hajjia,  bstwcen  Fridberg  and  Francford, 
But  at  the  Battel  near  the  Kivtr  Sale,  valoroufly  defending  a  Bank, 
be  was  forced  to  yield,  and  goethito  Halberfi-adty  where  voiding  much 
Blood  and  Matter  through  an  Impoftume,  or  breaking  of  a  Vein,  he 
put  an  end  to  his  life,  and  to  all  his  toyl  and  labours.  This  Abbey 
was  founded  by  St.  Boniface  an  Englifhman:  This  Abbot  is  a  Prince 
of  the  Empire,  and  Arch-Chancellorof  the  Emprefs,  calls  himfelf  Pri- 
mate oi  Gallia;  his  C6uniy  is  called  Bu(hen,  BuchaviaJ[ron\  the  plenty 
of  Beeches.  To  which  we  may  add  the  Abbey  of  Hirchfeld  betwixt 
Hejd'en  and  the  Rhine,  and  intermingled  lies  the  Confederation  of  ^^r- 
r*r<»M;,  or  a  Combination  of  many  Eftstes,  viz.  i.  Earls  or  Counts  of 
l^ajjaw,  from  whence  theIlluft«ous  Gr^w  Af</«wff,  and  other  Princes 

of 


I 

Of  GerniMny.  i^^ 

tttOntanii  ire  defcended,  who  has  made  the  World  un^erftand,  That 
the  Kings  of  Spam  and  France  are  not  invincible  j  but  have  bravely 
ftopt  their  Career  when  they  were  driving  apace  to  the  Univerfal  Mo- 
narchy .This  County  of  NaJJaWyOioX^  NaJJgavf,  contaiasd  only  a  fmall 
parcel  of  Ground,  but  of  late  Ages  has  grown  up  into  a  confiderable 
Principality  by  the  acceffion  of  the  Counties  of  PTeilhrg,  IJfiem,  mfs- 
badttty  Dillenhrg,  Bdtlf-ein,  &c.  And  therefore  ufually  called  Najfav/ . 
Catztntlbogen,  2.  Solms,  well  allied.  3.  Hanaw,  the  Counts  whereof 
have  large  Eftates,  and  a  Juftice  from  which  their  Snbje(^s  cannot  ap- 
peal. 4.  To  this  Country  belongs  the  Counts  of  fVaUeck,^Mb\Q£t  to 
the  Lantgraves.  The  Barons  of  Limhorg  have  a  Title  of  Semperfre. 
The  Counts  of  Swartsbourg  are  great  in  Riches,  with  many  others.  < 

Of    WESTPHALIA. 

Contiguous  on  the  North  of  Heffen  lies  the  Circle  of  fVefifhalia ;  a 
Country  full  of  Woods,  which  nourilh  many  Swine,  which 
make  excellent  Bacon ;  and  abounding  as  plentifully  in  other  places 
with  Corn.  This  Country  is  divided  among  the  EccleHafticks,  Counts  < 
and  Imperial  Cities.  The  BiHiops  are  i.  Mtinfier,  a  City  feated  on 
the  River  Emi,  Monafiermm  a\,Mmgrado  &  Minigrade,  built  by  Charles 
the  Great,  In  the  Year  i  n  5*  called  New  Jerufalemby  the  AnabaptipSy . 
and  their  King  John  of  Ley  den.  King  of  Sion,  who  being  at  laft  be- 
(leged  and  taken,  was  put  on  the  top  of  a  Steeple  in  an  Iron  Cage, 
where  he  was  eaten  up  by  Flies  and  Wafps,  together  with  two  of  his 
Companions.  2.  Of  Padebornf  or  Padtrborn  Incolis,o(  a  miraculous 
Foundation.  %.  Minden  Minda,  once  a  Bidioprick,  buc  now  fetled 
upon  the  Marquefi  oi  Brandenburg  with  the  Title  of  Prince,  by  Mhk-t 
fler  Treaty,  as  alfo  is  Ferden,  4.  Of  Ofnabruck  or  Ojenbrug,  Ofnabru' 
gnm  feu  Ofnabrucum,  fo  made  776.  <i  Carolo  Magna.  The  alternate  pot 
leflion  whereof  is  given  to  th&Dake  oi  Brunfwick  for  his  CeCHon  of  his^ 
Bi(hoprickofilfo/^«r/4f. 

This  Circle  of  Wefiphalia  is  faid  to  contain  four  Dukedoms,  t'^^. 
Weftphalia  under  the  Archbifhoprick  of  Colten,  whofe  chief  Town  is 
jiremberg,   2.  Berg,  3.  CUves,    4.  Julkrs^  which  we  have  alceady , 
treated  of.  /T       *'  a- 

The  chief  Counts  of  Wefiphalia,  ar«  firft  of  Eafi-FrieJ^d,  who  id 
the  year  16^3.  was  raifed  to  the. Dignity  of  Princer^  whofe  Seat  is  at 
Aurickf  ovAwicum.  2.  The  Counts  or  Prince  of  Oldenburg,  &  Dtlmen" 
borfl,  are  totally  extinguifhed  by  the  death  of  Antbcnj  Guntber,  in  the 
Year  1^6.  However  famous,  in  that  the  Kings  of  De^mrk  are  de- 


r 


■% 


I 


^ 


fcended 


0 


»3« 


■<?. 


Of  German/. 


fcended  from  it  ever  finceCAri/?w«Earlof  OUenhurgh  was  chofenKing 
of  Denmark,  Ann.  1/148.  5.  Of  Schawenburg,  under  the  Count  cJ 
Z,//);>^.  Afrtr^  &  Ravensburgy  under  Brandenburg,  Hoya under  Lunenbur/r 
and  f/e/^.  Li»ge  under  the  Prince  of  Or<»»^e.  Emmerland  in  part  un- 
der the  D»/fi&.  Ritbarg  &  Piremont  under  the  Count  of  Ii/>/>e,  Ben- 
the'tm,  Borchftenforty  Rbeda,  Tecklenborg,  PViedf  Brankborfi  or  Gronifeld, 
Dilleborg,  Diepbolt,  Mandefcheid,  8:c.  under  their  own  Counts.  Ab- 
bies,  vtzj,  Corbey,  EJ/'en,  &c.  yy  . 

The  free  Cities  arc,  1.  Emden^  the  AmaJIaPtol,  te(teCleverh.  2.  Her' 
verden.  3.  Brake,  4.  Soe/f.  y.  Dortmund  in  the  County  of  Mark, 
6.  Lemgow  in  the  County  of  Lio.  The  Title  of  fTefipbalia  SLsDucaX  is 
ufurped  by  the  Archbifhop  ofCollen,  everfince  the  prefcription  of  Duke 
Henry,  Sirnamed  theL/o». 

Our  fccond  Divifion  o^  Germany  was  that  of  the  Dunnbe,  wherein 
may  be  comprehended  tirll  Suevia  Itaiis,  Schwaben  Germanis,  Sovabe 
Gallis, 

Of  the  Circle  of  Suevia  or  Almaigne,  Schwaben  JmoliSf 

SovabQ  Gallis* 

TH  E  Circle  or  Dukedom  of  Scbwaben  ovAlmaigney  for  by  thcfe 
two  Names  the  ancient  Dukedom  was  called ;  The  State  was 
crei^ed  under  this  laft  Title  by  Clovis  King  of  the  Frencb.  The  firft 
Dukes  were  but  Governours  under  the  FrcwcA  during  pleafure.  After 
the  divifion  of  the  Frencb  Empire  by  the  Sons  of  Lewis  the  Godly  ; 
and  that  the  Empire  was  tranflated  to  the  Germans,  they  became  He- 
reditary. The  firft  that  tranfmitted  this  Honour  to  Pofterity  was  Fr^- 
dtritk  the  Firft,  created  Duke  of  Schwaben,  or  Almaigm  by  Henry  the 
Fourth.  Conradinus,  taken  Prifoner  in  Italy  in  his  Wars  againft  Charles 
Duke  of  Anjou,  and  afterwards  beheaded  at  Naples,  without  Heirs, 
was  the  laft  Dukeof  Schwaben,  and  in  whom  ended  the  Succeflion  and 
Family  of  the  Fredericks.  After  this  Difafter  the  Dukedom  for  want 
of  Heirs  falling  to  the  Empire^  became  fcattered  irito  fundry  leffer 
States,  viz.  Ecclefiafticks,  Laicks,  and  Iihperial  Cities.  The  Bifliops 
arc,  I.  Of  Ausbourg,  whofe  Refidence  is  at  DiUing.  2.  Of  Confiavce, 
whofe  Refidence  is  at  Mersburg.  5.  Of  Coire  in  the  Grifons.  Other 
Grand  Prelates  are,  firft  the  Abbot  of  Kempton:  2.  The  Grand  Prior 
of  the  Order  of  Maltha,  whofe  Refidence  is  it  Heiterjheim  about. two 
<jerman  Miles  South  of  Brifacb  and  Friburg. 

The  Secular  Princes  are,  1.  TheDuke  of  Pf^irtenburg,  who  was  raid- 
ed to  Ducal  Dignity  in  a  Diet  held  a  Pf^orms  149  f.  He  hath  a  Coun- 
try 


King 
mot 

nburfr 
rtun- 
,  Bert' 
nsfeldy 
i.  Ab- 

.  Htr- 
Mark, 
lucal  is 
f  Duke  ' 

i/herein 
Sovabe 

) 

JftcoliSf 


by  thcfe 
tatc  was 
rhe  firft 
.    After 
Godly ; 
iiric  Her 
wasFff- 
'^enrj  the 
ft  Charles 
lit  Heirs, 
flion  and 
or  want 
Iry  leffer 
;  Bilhops 
''onfiavce, 
Other 
nd  Prior 

)OUt.tWO 

was  raif- 
a  Coun- 
try 


try  where  the  Mountains  abound  in  Mines,  Vines  and  Woods.  The 
Forefts  of  Scbwarz.'WaUt,  are  well  ftored  with  Timber- Trees,  Game 
and  Venifon  of  all  kind ;  the  Vallies  are  a  continuation  of  Meadows, 
covered  withCattel,  and  watered  with  Brooks  fullof  FilK;  the  Plains 
are  chick  fet  with  Gardens  likethofe  of  the  He/perukes.  His  Refidence 
is  at  Stu'gardf  StuJgardia,  feated  near  to  the  Necker.  There  is  no  where 
to  be  feen  fairer  Kows of  Orange-Trees,Grotta's  better  contrived  and 
beautihedj  Fountains  more  artihcial,  nor  Fruits  more  pleafant  to  the 
fight  or  tafte  than  here.  They  that  have  been  SitTuhingy  Tubingaol,  Au' 
gufia,  know  how  many  Princes,  Counts,  Lords,  Barons  and  Gentle- 
men have  been  8rediathat  Noble  Colledge  and  Univerfity,  where  are 
excellent  ProfeiTors  in  all  Faculties;  principally  in  thofe  which  are 
worthy  ofllluftriousPerfons.  In  this  Country  are  reckoned  63  Ci- 
ties, If 8  great  Towns,  645*  Villages,  f;7  Water-mills,  and  14  Ab- 
beys of  large  Revenue.  He  hath  a  fair  Militia  of  Horfe  and  Foot,  and 
many  FortrelTes. 

2.  Of  the  Marquifate  of  Baden  an4  Durlach :  The  Marquefs  of  BaJea 
aQer  the  death  of  Philip  chelaft  of  the  Hochbergtan  Brauch,  was  united 
*  ^to  that  Anno  1^03.  who  dying  in  the  Year  ifif.  his  Lands  were 

ted  between  his  two  Sons  Bernard  and  Erne(ty  who  are  now  the 
«xtiads  of  two  principal  Branches,  into  which  this  Houfe  is  divided, 
viz.. Baden  ind  Donrlachy  whok  Country  lies  adjacent  tothejR<6/»e,  in- 
termingled up  from  Bafil  to  Pbilipsburgf  a  Country  pleaCint,  and  Soil 
fruitful ;  chiefer  Towns  are  Baden^  giving  name  to  the  Country,  and 
fo  called  from  the  Hot  Medicinal  Baths  thereof.  2.  Dmrlach,  the  Ti- 
tle of  the  fecond  Son. 

3.  Oi  the  Counts oi  HobenzoUereti:  The  Lords  of  this  Houfe  are 
Hereditary  Chamberlains  to  the  Emperors  fince  the  time  of  Maximilian 
the  Firfh  Their  Caftle  of  Hobenz,olleren  was  ruined  by  Henrietta  Coun- 
tefs  oi  fVirtembergind  Mc/wr^fZ/wr//,  but  re-edified  about  the  Year  1480,; 
at  which  time  Philip  Duke  of  Burgundy^  Albert  Elector  of  Brandenburg, 
Albert  Duke  ofAu/lria,  and  Charles  Marquis  of  Baden,  laid  the  firft  ftone 
of  it,  ufing  a  Tray,  a  Trowel,  and  a  Mallet  all  of  Silver. 

The  Counts  di  Furftemburg^  who  are  very  renowned  in  Hiftory,  are 
both  Princes  of  the  Empire.  The  Marquifate  of  fiwr^^u',  or  Buclaw,, 
whofe  chief  place  is  G«;/W^.  The  Counts  of  Helfelfiein,  havlfig  flou- 
rifhed  above  1000  years,  expired  forae  years  fince.  Recbberg  whole 
chief  Town  is  Gemund. '  The  Counts  of  Ottinguen,  or  Oeting,  are  di- 
vided Into  two  principal  Branches,  that  of  fValdenfiein,  is  Catholick, 
that  of  0;r;«^«j«  Lutheran.  The  F«^^o*i  are  not  very  ancient.  Ko- 
nigsetk  is  new.    The  Papenhei^s  are  very  faiij0US,  1  The  Baronies  of 


# 


■-> 


J 


LiiL^.M 


^ 

"^^^l 


^. 


;   ■vrf 


1 3 15  Wf  Gtrmny.     ' 

Walburg,  Limhurk  Jufltn^en;  are  ^onfidemble.  Befides  thefc,  there  are 
fome  parts  wholly  b&ionging  to  the  Empire. 

Corjjfafjce,  Confiantia^^Qatf*^  on  the  Bodenx^ce,  belofigeth  to  the  Houfe 
'ofAufitia.  Anno  1^48.  it  was  outlawed  by  Charles  thQ  Fifth ;  and 
is  fmmous  for  the  Coun^cil  here  held,  Aww  1414.  whoje  were  affem- 
bled  the  Efwperor  Si^ifwun J j  four  Patriarchs,  29  Cardinals,  346 
Archblfhops  and  Bilhops,  5*64  Abbots  and  Doctors,  16000  Secular 
Princes  and  Noblemen;  4p  Harlots,  600  Barbers,  520  Minflrels 
and  Jsiicrs.  The  bufinefs  was  the  depofing  of  three  Popes,  Gregory 
the  J.ich  at  Rome,  John  the  250  at  Bonon'u,  and  Renret  the  igth 
in  S/)^/«,  and  fetting  up /Wrfr/w>lfe"  Wth.  And  the  degrading  and 
burning  of  Hierormoi  Prague ^  and '^(m^Biis,  without  any  refpedof  the 
fafe  condu<a  of  the  Emperor  %i,^;^^^/. 

"  The  Bodetifee  by  Plin.  Lacas  Acrovim  d^  Brigaittims,  is  about  8  Dutch 
Miles  in  length,  and  3  in  breadth,  and  in  its  greateft  depth  at  Merf- 
ferg  about  600  yards.  At  the  Ifland  Meina-w,  in  the  Year  1647. 
the  Swijj'es  digging,  found  a  Treafure  to  the  value  of  five  Mrllions.  Be- 
low is  the  Lake  Venetus  o(PLnj',  now  called  the  Lake  of  Ce/,  from  a 
Town  of  that  name.  ,^ 

The  chief  and  Imperial  Cities  of  Schivaben  are,  Amhurg,  or  Julj)urg 
d^  Augibmgh,  from  Augujti  Burgumy  where  Augu(tm  fetled  a  Roman 
Colony  after  Claudim  Drufiw.  Nero  Germanicus  had  brought  it  into 
Subjedion,  I^-'ufo  Magus  of  old,  and  afterwards /i?ftrj^«/<?  Tiberiit.  Au- 
guff-a  Vinckhcorum  Ptol.  &  Aug:tfla  Vwdelicium  Ant.  famous  for  its  Mag- 
nificence, Town-Houfe,  for  being  a  Bifliop'sSee,  and  Imperial.  2.  Ulw, 
Ulma,  feated  at  the  meeting:  of  the  Rivers  //er,  Slave  and  Danube  ; 
of  great  ftate,  large,  rich,  and  well  fortified,  being  fix  miles  in  com- 
pafs.  Here  the' Danube  begins  firfl:  to  be  Navigable  CharL's  the 
Great  defigningto  makca  Navigable  PalFage  out  of  the  Rhine  into  the 
Danube,  caufed  a  Ditch  to  be  made  betwixt  the  Rivers  Regnitz  and 
Altiinul,  rwo  mile  long,  and  300  foot  broad,  not  far  from  Pafenheim 
and  H^eifenberg^  where  there  are  yet  fome  Remarks  of  that  vain  At- 
tempt; for  by  reafon  of  the  Rains,  .and  Morilh  Soyl,  the  Earth  fell 
down,  and  filled  all  up. 

Kemptem  CamfUumm,  an  Abbacy,  was  the  ordinary  Refidence  of  the 
ancisrii Xfukes  oiSwaben^  and  the  native  place  of  Htldegardis  Wife  to 
Charkmaigne. 

Dingktlfpiel  or  Dmkespibel  upon  the  River  fVarnitz,.  was  often  taken 
and  retaken  in  the  late  Wars.  EJpnguen  or  Edinghy  h  a  pretty  Town 
•jpon  the  N  ckar  under  the  protedion  of  the  Duke  of  Wirtcnburgh.  Ac 
Hull  is  maae  great  qilluitity  of  Salt.  Hailbrm  or  Hiiilprun  is  an  Impe- 
rial 


J 


^  i\ 


Of  Germ  Any*  1 59' 

;  /rial  City,  yet  pays  the  Tenth  of  its  Wines  and  Grain  to  the  Du'x  of 

'    :WiYttmhurg, 

''  jK<i«/^^frf«or  Zr<»«/i5'«>'f» bought  its  Liberty  for  If 000  L/x>rc/.  Z/»- 
daw  ftands  upon  an  Illand  in  the  Lake  Cmftance,  and  is  joined  to  the 
firm  Land  by  a  Bridge  290  Paces  Iong>  belonging  to  the  Emperor, 
who  hath  given  it  the  priviledge  of  coining  Money.  Memm'mgkn  the 
Drufomagus  of  Ftol.  is  very  ancient.  Nortlingen  or  NorMitJghen  is  re- 
markable for  the  Battel  which  the  Swedes  lolt  1634.  where  General 
Bunnier  was  (lain,  and  Guftavtts  Horn  taken  Prifoner.  Rotv^iel,  for  the 
lofs  of  Martial  Gnebriant  1643.  for  being  a  Retreat  to  the  Cimbri 
when  beaten  by  the  Rowans.  Wimpfex,  or  Fuimpnai  fignifying  Weib- 
ffrisy  for  the  unheard  Cruelties  of  the  Huns  upon  that  Sex.  Here  For- 
tune triumphed  over  Valour,  and  Magnus  Duke  of  fVirtemburg  died  in 
the  Battel  1622.  Gute'wund,  Gaudia  Mundi,  noted  for  its  Tujnaments 
and  other  Paftimes.  Here  are  reckoned  3  5-  Free  Towns,  viz,.  Raven- 
fptrg,Buchaii>^U]}on  the  liike  Federfse,  Biberachy  PtHllendorffyIfln,Buchorn&' 
Ut>?.rltfig€n,  upon  the  Lake  Confiance,  or  the  Boden  See.  IVangen  the 
Nemaria  o(  Antonim,  Offtnburgy  &  Gengenbach  nQan  the  Rhine,  6cc. 

f  •  O^  B  AVA  R  I  J: 

TH!E  Circle  of  jB/JX'dn*/,  BayernlncoUs,  BaviereGalLty  Baviera  Hifp, 
&  Italis.  Ohm  Boioria  &  Vtndiliciay  fo  called  by  the  addition  of 
one  Letter  from  the  Avarimt  the  remainder  of  the  HunnsjWho  having 
driven  out  the  Nortcians,  feated  themfelves  in  this  Country  j  and  alio 
j&cyrfn.3! from  th»^c/V?«jj,  a  People  of  G^//wC//^//)/w^,whofometimesdwelc 
hert  The  Air  is  wholfome,  and  the  Country  is  pleafant.  The  Na- 
rifciar.i,  Vtnddicians  and  Noritians  were  the  firlHnhabirants ;  is  divided 
into  th.^  Dutchy  and  Palatinciie.  The  Dukedom  is  divided  into  three 
parts  J  the  Higher,  the  Lower,  and  the  Archbifhoprick  of  i'^Z/^^i'^owrg-, 
aDiflrict,anddifl:in<a:Jurifdid:ionofitfelf.TheHigher  ^<?x'>jw  is  gene- 
rally overfpread  with  Wouds,  cold  and  barren.  THc  Lower  fome- 
what  more  fruiti'ulj  and  abundantly  more  pleafant.  in  the  Upper  Ba- 
varia chief  places  ArQ^Mmcheny  Monacbiumy  or  Munich  upon  the  River 
i/cr.the  Refidence  of  the  Dukes  of  Bavaria^  and  one  of  the  faiceft  Pa- 
laces in  Europe  J  enjoying  a  moft  fvveet  and  happy  Scituation  fittong  the  1 
Woods,  Gardens  and  Rivers,  famous  alfo  for  its  feizure  1^  the  King 
of  Sweden  J  who  found  a  vaft  Treafury  herein.  In  tiie  Lower  Bavaria 
are,  i.  hgolfiat,  or  Anglofadiumy  a  noted  Univerfuy,  founded  in  the 
Year  1471.  and  is  famous  for  putting  the  firft  AJPronr  upon  the  King 
of  Sweden  m  Germa?)y,And  forced  him  to  raife^e  Siegoby  LewiiDuku 

T  z     r     r  •  >  of 


m 


mm 


^% 


i>,o  Of  GermAny, 

of  Bavaria,  ^.  RfgerjJ}>ergj  ox  Regensherghy  RatishotJe ;  built  by  the 
Third  JEmperbr,  Claudius  ftberim  Nero,  Called  Tthrina,  or  Augufta  iti- 
'    ■       '"    ^»row«i  Regifter  called   Cafird    Regiva\    famous   for  the 


vent 


10 


yj 


Diets  held  there,  and  for  its  long  Bridge  j  a  fair  and  large  City,  beau- 
tified with  a  great  number  of  Churches,  Chappels,  and  other  places 
dedicated  to  Religious  ufes.  'Tis  a  Bilhop's  See,  and  Town  Imperial. 
2.Faj[faWyPataviuw,BojoduruWfVtol.&.'int,At\(}Batava  of  thQAmhoroi  the 
*  Notitia,  then  a  Garifon-Town  of  the  Romans,  theftation  of  the  Cohort 
of  the  Bat  avians,  now  a  Biftiop's  See,  feated  at  the  meetings  of  th^ 
Rivers  Danube,  Inn,  and  Ills,  and  divided  into  three  Towns,  PaJfaWy 
Jnfiaty  and  llflat.  - 

LanJjhut  is  a  fair  Town  upon  the  Ifer.  Freiftngen  is  a  Bilhop's  See, 
'feated  upon  a*hill.  LanJJperg  is  near  unto  the  Mps  of  Tirol, 

Donavert  was  a  Free  City  till  the  year  1607.  at  what  time  it  in- 
curred the  Imperial  Ban  or  Profcription,  which  was  executed  by  the 
Duke  of  Bavaria,  who  brought  it  into  Subjedtion,  and  holds  it  ftill 
under  his  X-aws. 

Confined  within  the  Dukedom  oi  Bavartay\\Qi  the  Archbiflioprick 
of  Salztburghyof  a  dry  Rocky,  and  barren  Soil,  fome  frefher  Vallies 
excepted;  rich  chiefly  in  Minerals.  Ths  only  Town  of  Note  is 
Saltzhurgb,  Salisburgum,  al.  yuvania  of  /int.  ^  Cafirum  Juvavienfi  of 
the  Notitiay  the  Manfion  then  and  fixed  Refidence  of  part  of  a  Co- 
hort of  Rof^an  Soldiers,  now  an  Archbifhop's  See,  whofe  Revenues 
are  the  largeft  in  all  Germany,  feated  upon  the  River  Saltzach,  where 
lies  Interred  the  Body  of  Paracelfus.  The  more  Af\cient  Inhabitants 
were  the  VindHici,  Florus,  and  others.       ;  ^ 

The  Countrey  of  the  Upper  Palatinate  or  Nortgcw,  from  the  more 
Northern  Scituatioh  of  it  as  to  the  Dukedom,  is  a  Countrey  rough  and 
hilly,  rich  chiefly  in  Minerals  of  Iron.  Amberg,  Amberga  Cantiabis,  Ptol, 
tefte  P.  Af>f.  upon  the  River  Ills,  enriched  chiefly  by  the  Commodity 
of  Iron  digged  out  of  the  Neighbouring  Hills.  The  Caftle  of  Lucb- 
ttmburg  n\o\iT\tzd  upon  a  Hill,  gives  Name  to  the  Lantgraves  fo  called. 
Tfreimbt  is  the  chief  Town  of  the  Landgraves  of  Luchtenberg.  Newburg 
Upon  the  R.  Swartzacb,  is  the  place  whereof  are  ftiled  the  Princes  Pa^ 
htthi^jSif  Newburg,  the  fecond  Branch  of  the  Houfe  of  the  Eledlor  of 
the /?/5m(ir,  to  whom  this  Palatinate  did  belong;  but  in  the  year  162;. 
the  Emperor  Ferdinand  the  Second  transferred  this  Palatinate,  with 
the  Electoral  Dignity,  from  Frederick  the  Fifth,  Count  Palatine,  to 
Maximiltan  D\ikQ,Q^ Bavaria,  and  the  M«»/?«r- Treaty  conferred  to  Ba^ 

(hip ;  and  an  eighth  place  was  new  erected  for 
e,  provided  chat  if  the  GtiUdmine  Branch  hapr 
^     '    " '  pen 


varta  t 
Cbarks- 


\   ' 


) 


•^  the 

ati- 

ir  the 

3eau- 

[)laces 

)erial. 

of  the 

:ohort 

oftb-. 

'affaWy   ^. 

I'sSee,-  -- 

;  it  in- 
3y  the 

it  mil 

loprick 
Values 
Slote  is 
vienfi  of 
'  a  Co- 
evenues 
where 
abitants 

le  more 
ugh  and 
btsy  ?tol, 
modity 
Lucb- 
b  called. 

nces  Par 
edtor  of 
ar  162;. 
te,  with 
atine,  to 
d  to^<«- 
aed  for 
nch  hapr 
pen 


;  7-  i^  Of  Germany.  141 

pen  to  fail  before  the  R&Mphinej  the  latter  (hall  re- enter  into  their  an- 
cient Eledtorfhipjand  the  new-created  one  ihall  be  wholly  abolifted. 
There  is  in  this  Countrey  the  Mount  Pmifer,  commonly  called  Fitch- 
telkrgb,  being  fix  miles  about ;  out  of  which  there  doth  flow  four  ''. 
famous  Rivers,  the  Adane,  the  ISlah,  the  Sal,  and  the  Eger,  which 
winding  in  the  figure  of  a  Crofs,  do  run  towards  the  four  Corners  of 
the  World.  The  more  ancient  Inhabitants  were  the  Narifci  oi Tacitus, 
afterwards  t[\Q  BoieariartSy  or  Bavarians,  their  firfl:  known  Habitation^.     - 

Give  me  leave  to  add  fome  of  the  old  BavarianLsiws.    It  was  enad- 
ed.  That  the  Judge,  to  the  end  he  might  judge  rightly,  fliould  have 
the  Book  of  the  Statutes,  and  that  thereby  he  fliould  determine  and'  . 
end  all  Suits  and  Controverfies.  Neither  fliould  the  Judges  refpe<9: 
Perfons  or  Gifts ;  but  when  he  had  judged  rightly,  he  fliould  have 
the  Ninth  part  of  the  Compofition-Money  ;  but  if  wrongfully,  he 
fliould  pay  twice  as  much  as  he  had   taken  away  by  his  unjuft  Judg- 
ment; and  moreover  fliould  be  fined  Forty  fliillings.  He  that  fold?- 
any  thing  confiderable  for  a  certain  Price,  fliould  fet  down  the  bargain . 
in  writing,  and  have  wirneiTes  thereunto.    No  bargain  or  Sale,  un- 
lefs  it  were  free  and  voluntary,  fliould  be  firm  and  current.    But  I . 
muft  not  be  burdenfome  with  the  repetition  of  thofe  Laws  which, 
Johft  Boeme  Aubanm  has  treated  of  at  Large.  -,.,   . 


'T^S' 


■v-j 


Of.  AV  S  T  R  I  J.: 


TH  E  only  Arch-Dutchy  in  Europe^  is  Auftria,  or  Oofi-reich,  divided  '  , 
into  the  #pper  and  lower  Auflria,  and  hath  united  to  it,  as  He-  - 
reditary  poffeilfion  of  that  Houle,  the  Provinces  or  Dukedoms  ofSr/- 
ria,  Carinthtay  Carmola,  the  County  of  7/r<p/,  with  that  of  Cbilljy  And 
Marquifate  of  Wtudtlh- March 

The  particular  Dukedom  of  Auffria,  extended  on  both  fides  of  the  . ' 
Danube,  is  a  Countrey  pleafant,  healthy,  and  abundantly  fruitfull  in 
Corn  and  excellent  Wines.    Its  chief  Cities  and  Places  are,  1.  Vienna, . 
yuliobona  VtoL  Vendum  St  rah.  Fin  J  (bona  Ant.   d^  TJntdomana  of  the  Au- 
thor of  Notitia,  &  Ala  Flaviana.  Fabiana  Hcyl  JVien  Ger.  Wetfcb  &  Petz, 
Turcis.  d^  Bcrch  tejle  Brown-.  Fier,  1  Ira  lis,  Wiedun  Volonis,  Widen  Bobeynii, 
Vienne  Gallis,  the  Metropolis  of  Gfr;wfl?/j,  feated  upon  the  South' fide  of -^ 
the  Danube,  the  greateft  River  in  Europe.    In  Circuit  about  yooo  Geo- 
metrical paces.    It  is  Famous  for  her  Univerfity,  for  four  great  Piaz- 
za's, adorned  with  Marble  Fountains  and  Statues; for  its  Cathedral 
of  St.  Sttpben  {  whofe  Steeple  is  about  465:  fpot  high,  confiftingof 
hewen  ftone,  and  carved  into  various  Figujg^  of  Men,  Birds,  and 

Beatts  ) 


:^,^s^. 


mmm 


141  Of  GermAny* 

Beafts )  the  Emperor's  Treafury,  the  Arch  Duke's  Gallery,  the  Tica- 
fury  ofthe  Church,  and  the  Sepulchre  oiOtbo.  The  Arfenal,  the  Col- 
lege of  the  Jefuits,  the  Church  and  Convent  ofthe  BsneM^iines,  of 
the  Dominicans^  and  ofthe  Franci/eans,  are  worthy  of  Remark.  With- 
in the  City  there  was  alfo  the   Hocbhug,  or  High-Bridge,  ^hich  is 
made  by  the  eroding  of  two  Streets  at  equal  Angles ;  the  ground  of 
one  Street  being  as  high  as  the  tops  of  the  Houfes  of  tht  other,  fp 
that  to  continue  if,  they  were  forced  to  build  a  Bridge  or  \rch  in  the 
lower  Street  to   pafs  over.     In  the  Suburbs,  the  greateft  Curiolities 
were  the  Favorith,  or  the  EmprefTes  Garden ;   that  of  the  Bifhop, 
and  of  the  Earl  of  Tbaun,  of  the  Prince  of  Ausburg^  and  others ;  the 
Church  and  Monaftry  of  the  Carmelites^  of  the  Augulitms ;  the  Her- 
mitage of  the  Capuchins,  and  the  Spaniflj  Monaftry  ;  Remarkable  alfo 
Tor  plenty  of  Wine,  of  Craw-fiih,  and  Sallets  in  Winter.    'Tis  like- 
wife  accounted  the  Bulwark  of  this  Countrey  againft  the  TMrks^hQin^^ 
as  ftrong,  as  well  fortified ;  built  with  part  of  the  Money  obtained 
for  the_Ranlbmof  Richard  the  Firft,  King  of  England,  taken  Prifoner 
in  his  return  from  Takfiive,  by  Leopold  the  fifth  Duke  oi  Aufiria.    Fa- 
mous for  the   Repulfe  it  gave  Solyman,  and  tlie  whole  power  of  the 
Turkijh  Empire,  whenx>f  200000  Men  he  brought  before  it,  hecar- 
ried  away  but  1 18000,  Jnno  1^29.  And  as  famous  for  this  laft  Re- 
pulfe oi  September  the  12th.  168;.  for  being  clofely  befieged  by  the 
Prime  Vizier  with  20.000  I'urks,  Tartars,  Cojfacks,   and    Hungarian 
Malecontents  on  the  iitb  of  JmIjIj  1683,  and  as  valoroufly  defended 
by  that  Magnanimous  Hero  EmeftusEudiger  Count  Starenbergh,  asGo- 
vernour,  was  then  manfully  relieved  by  the  Invinoiile  Prince,  John 
King  of  Poland,  the  Eledors  of  Bavaria  and  Saxony,  the  Duke  of 
Lorrain,  Piince  Waldeck,  P.Salme,  P.  Lcuis  oi  Baden,  and  the  Marq'ns 
o{  Brandtnhurgh,  Baraitb,  &c.  during  this  Siege,  the  Turks  were  faid 
to  have  loft  70000,  and  in  t'te  Battel  more  than  20^00  men  ;  that 
the  Chriftians  loft  locoo  or  ifooo  duringthe  Siege,  and  about ;  or 
400  on  that  great  and  fignal  Victory,  when  the  liirks  formidable  Ar- 
my was  totally  defeated  ,  their  Camp  (  which  was  infinitely  rich  ) 
their  Baggage,  Cannon,  and  Tents  all  taken,  and  Fienna  happily  re- 
lieved^ wlien  broijght  to  its  laft  extremity. 

Oth^E  places  in  Aufhia  are  Lintz,,  Aradati  of  Pfo/.  the  Refidence  of 
the  EmpertJir  during  the  Siege  of  Vienna,  no:  great,  but  asneuand 
handfome  a  City  as  moft  in  Germany.  The  Houfes  built  of  white  Free- 
ftone,  and  the  Caljije  is  of  the  Modern  Fortification.  Here  is  a  Bridge 
over  t\\QDanube\  fefefieged  by  40000  Peafants  of /V«//n/»,  in  the  time 
of  FerdiKand  the  SecoH^  at  laft  overcome  by  Tapenhetm, 

1  Efis 


N!'*- 


■    T'l'-AiL 


w 


^»lp 


^^^mmmmmm^'mimmm 


^ 


:  Col- 
nesy  Ot 
With- 
hich  is 
und  of 
tier,  fp  ., 
1  in  the 
riofities 
Biftiop, 
rs;  the 
le  Her-    . 
ble  alfo 
rislike- 

;/,beinfv 
)btained 

Prifoner 
ia.     Fa- 
ir of  the 
,  hecar- 
laft  Re- 
d  by  the 
iungarian 
defended 
/6,  asGo- 
ice,  John 
Duke  of 
Marquis 
A/ere  faid 
len ;  that 
30ut ;  or 
dable  Ar- 
ly  rich  ) 
appily  re- 
nd ence  of 

nc^c  and 
hitc  Free- 
ls  .1  Bridge 

the  time 

Ens 


S'y 


Of  Germany,  14  j 

t,ns''AmfiitjVi:pot\  the  River  Anljm  or  Onu[uij  near  which  ftood 
the  Lauriacum  of  old,  now  Lorch  a  Roman  Garifon,  and  afterwards  a 
BiihopV  See.  Gmundt,  is  confiderable  for  its  (lore  of  Salt,  digged  out 
of  the  borc\^ -ing  Mountains.  '^i^-^cji  .UJ';. 

Mdckey  Noma/c,  or  Alea  DikBa,  once  the  Seat  of  the  MarquefTes  of 
■Jufiria,-  noted  for  its  noble  Cloifter  of  Betiedi^iines,  which  overlooks 
the  Town  and  the  Tomb  of  St.  Colman  there  much  honoured.  At 
Stein  is  a  Bridge  over  the  Danube.    Crembs  is  a  Walled  Town. 

Baden  about  four  German  miles  from  Vienna,  is  a  pretty  Walled  Town,'    • 
feated  near  a  part  of  Mount  Ct  m,  which  divided  Noricum^romPan^ 
nonia»  Moft  remarkable  for  its  ^jaths,  which  are  much  frequented,  and 
are  nine  in  number.  •  > 

NeTvJiat  is  one  of  the  Chiefeft  Cities  in  AuHria^  it  is  of  a  Iquafe  fi- ;. 
gure,  with  a  Piazza  in  the  middle  of  it.  Here  was  Count  Feter  Seri-  v 
ni,  and  Frangivanij  beheaded,  as  chief  Contrivers  of  the  Hungarian .  ' 
Revolt.  *  '       , 

Pretronelj  or  Hjiimburgy  the  fame,  or  near  to  the  Carnmtum  of  P//«.  c^  -^ 
Liv.  Carnm  of  Ptol.  a  ftrong  Hold  of  the  Pannonians,  in  vain  attempted 
by  the  Romans  170  years  before  the  Incarnation,  fubdued  in  the  time 
of  y'«^;»/?ay,  .and  made  a  Roman  Colooy.  Here  refided  the  Emperor 
Antonius  Phylojo^hus  three  years,  and  died  at  Vrndihona,  now  Vienna. 
AndihttQSe'verm  was  Eleded  Emperor,  ruined  in  after  times  by  Attiid 
in  his  Incurfions,  into  thefe  parts. 

The  ancient  Inhabitants  of  the  lov/er  Attfiria  ^yere  part  of  the  Mar^ 
comannio^TticitTts ;  thofe  of  the  higher  AuHria  were  part  of  the  Novici     , 
Riper/ii,  and  dl^e  Upper  Pannoma. 


■k. 


Of   s  r  T  R  I  A 


'i^i  'A'-TX^i\^'  fc  ^ 


THE  Marquifate  of  Stiriaf  alias  Steirmarck,  is  a  Hilly  and  Moun- 
tainous Countrey,  rich  chiefly  in  Minerals.  Tiie  Inhabitants  are 
much  troubled  with  a  Difeafe  called  Struma ^  or  the  Kir>gs-Evil,  a  fwel- 
ling  of  the  Throat,  proceeding  from  their  more  cold  and  moifl:  Air, 
or  from  their  more  (harp  and  piercing  Waters  mingled  with  Snow,  or 
with  the  virofe  (treams  and  particles  of  Mtrcur)' or  other  Minerals, 
defcending  from  off  their  Mountains.  ^  >*^ 

Its  chief  Place  isGratz,  Graiacum,Gracium,d^Sa'v,iriaUDOT\  the  Mar. 
Petatv  is  the  Petavmm  of  Ptol.  and  the  Petcbwoi  Am,  Marcel.  &  Pdto- 
vio  Ant.  R'icklelpurp- d^  Pruckj  or  Poreigy  the  Bolentium  and  MuripoT^cs 
of  the  Ancients.  Secknvi,  or  Sehu,  a  Bifhop's  Se&,  and  C>//,  the  Celeia 
oiPlinjy  are  of  the  greateft  Pilgrimages  in  the.i!f«'//rw«  Territory. 


-.  /•' 


s    ^< 


^h  / 


-.:f 


■PHP 


V 


144  Of  Germ  Any, 

The  Ancient  Inhabitants  were  the  taurifci  of  Strak  or  part  of  the 
JSioric't,  rather  a  part  of  the  Vannoniu 

Of   C  A  R  IN  T  H  I  A. 

CAr'mthia  lies  on  the  Weft  of  Styria :  Its  chief  Places  are  Ctagenfm, 
near  the  Lake  ^er^f/f^,  Claudia  Plw,teHe  Laz,.  A  fair  four-fquare 
Walled  Town,  with  a  fair  Piazza  in  the  middle,  adorned  with  a  Co- 
lumn of  Marble,  and  a  Statue  of  the  Virgin  upon  it,  alfo  with  a  Sta- 
tue of  the  Emperor ;  alfo  with  a  noble  Fountain  in  the  middle,  over 
which  is  a  large  prodigious  Dragon  of  ftone,  and  Hercules  with 
his  Club  ftanding  before  it.  At  Bkyburg  are  Lead-mines,  where  they 
have  worked  iioo  years,  and  the  Pit  is  no  fathom  deep. 

Si,  yeit^  or  St,  Faith  Vitopoluy  feated  upon  the  Confluence  of  the 
Rivers  Glan  and  fFunUh,  a  Walled  Town,  with  fix  Churches  and  a 
Piazza  with  a  remarkable  Fountain.  In  fight  of  St,  Veit  are  four  Hills 
with  Chappelsupon  them,  to  all  which  upon  one  day^of  the  year  the 
Inhabitants  go  in  devotion  on  foot,  which  is  near  thirty  Englijh  miles. 
Not  far  from  St,  Veit  is  a  place  called  Saal  or  Solva,;  Ager  SohjenfisyXii 
Zolfedr^  a  place  fruitful  in  Antiquities;  among  otbers  that  of  the 
Kings  Chair,  ufed  at  the  Inftalling  of  the  Duke  of  Camtbiay  which 
among  other  Ceremonies,  whether  he  hs  King,  Prince,  or  Emperor, 
either  himfelf  or  his  Subititute  receives  a  gentle  box  on  the  Ear  from 
a  Coantrey  man. 

Lavemondty  or  Lavanmyndy  Lavanti  OBium,  a  Bi/hop's  See. 

ViHachJuliam  Carnkum  &  Vacorium  oi.Ptol,  teste  Jt^ih.  Sahel,  upon 
the  Dra,  And  Gruck^  a  Bifiiop's  See. 

The  more  ancient  Inhabitants  were  the  Cayni  of  Vtol.  &  Vlin,         . 


.>,: 


•         v^        Of   C  A  R  N  I  0  L  A    M. 

TH  E  Dukedom  of  Camiola,  by  the  Germans  Krain,  is  rich  in  Corn, 
Wine,  and  Oyl ;  Chiefer  Towns  are  Laihach,  or  Laback^  Laba- 
cunty  the  Pamportii  of  Straboj  and  Nauportm  of  Plin.  Memorable  for 
the  ftory  of  the  fhip  Argonauta,  wherein  was  brought  the  Golden 
Fleece  from  Pontus  Euxwusy  ftopped  here  by  the  bordering  Mountains, 
and  carried  over  land  to  the  Adriatkk  Sea,  and  fo  brought  back  again 
unto  Greece,  Krainburg  Is  a  very  ftrong  place.  And  Gorecz  Goritium,  near 
the  Adriatkk,  upon  the  River  Lijonz^e,  belongs  to  the  Archduke  of 
Aui-hia  ;  as  alfo  the  Earldoms  o^  Lilly  and  Windi^marck,  the  chief  place 
of  the  firft  beareth  i^e  fame  name;  the  chief  place  oi  the  latter  is 

Metling 


>fthe 


enfifrt, 
fquare 

a  Co-    , 

aSta- 
e,  over 
s  with 
:rethey 

of  the 
s  and  a 

»ur  Hills 
year  the 
/fc  miles. 

t  of  the 
»,  which 
fmperor, 
lit  from 


fel.  upon 


in  Corn, 
ckf  Laha- 
)rable  for 
e  Golden 
lountains, , 
[ack  again 
\iuM,  near 
Ihduke  of 
;hiefplace 

|e  latter  is 


•  0/ Germd^y,  14s 

Metlingi  the  MetatJuw,  or  Metalum  of  5/r<?^.  /f/>.  Here  alfo  is  the  Z^rk* 
fiitzer-Sea,  or  the  famous  ftrange  Lake  Zirnitzer,  or  Ziricbnitz,,  Ltt- 
geum,  or  Z.«^<e<i  P<7/»j ,  of  Strab.  Valtts  Liburnia,  8c  Japsdum  Falus,  a 
Lake  about  two  German  miles  long,  and  one  broad.  Every  year  in 
the  month  of  June,  the  water  of  this  Lake  defcendeth  under  ground 
through  many  great  holes  at  the  bottom,  and  in  the  month  oiSep' 
/*i»^frv.returneth  again  by  the  fame  holes,  and  with  a  fpeedy  afcenc 
fprings  up  to  the  heighth  of  14  or  if  foot,  and  aflfordeth  plenty  of 
Fifli ;  and  when  dry,  it  yields  ftore  of  grafs  for  Cattel.  Uriay  about 
ten  miles  from  Goritia  or  Noreia  of  old,  and  is  famous  for  its  Quick- 
filver  Mines,  one  of  which  is  between  120  and  130  fathoms  deep. 
'Tis  feated  among  the  Mountains  upon  a  River  of  the  fame^  name 
that  runneth  into  the  Zizonfo,  near  which  Odoacer  King  of  Italy  was 
flain  in  Battel  by  Theodorkk  King  of  the  Gotbs. 

Trie[te,  Tergefium,  is  a  Port-Town  of  the  Emperors  in  the  Adriatick 
Sea,  as  is  alfo  Aquikia,  once  the  Metropolis  of  the  C<ir»/,  but  deftroyed 
by  Attila  45'2.  and  by  the  Lcngobards  5-90,  fo  that 'tis  now  poor  and 
mean ;  both  properly  were  in  Italy.  Now  under  the  Emp.  of  Germany. 

Ponteba,  or  Pont  Fella j  is  the  exad:  Confines  between  the  Venetiannd 
the  Imperial  Dominions;  on  the  one  fide  of  the  Bridge  live  Italiam  fub- 
jedt  to  the  Venetians ;  on  the  other  Germans,  fubjecft  to  the  Empero:. 

WcHof  Carintbia  lies  the  Countreyof  T^rc/jof  a  fertile  Soil,  and 
in  many  places  Silver- Mines ;  whofe  chief  places  are  Infpruck.  (tASniponij 
feated  on  the  Oenut,  or  /»«-River,  which  gave  Name  to  the  third 
Branch  of  y^^-Zrw,  where  the  Arch- Dukes  have  a  Magnificent  Palace, 
fometimes  the  feat  of  Cbarles  the  Fifth,  and  Ferdmand  the  Firft.  Trent , 
a  Biihoprick  feated  on  the  River  Adefis'^  famous  for  the  General  Coun- 
cil there  held  by  Pope  Paul  the  Third  and  his  SuccelTors,  againft  the 
Do6^rines  of  Lutber  and  Calvin :  It  began  in  Anno  i  ^45",  and  conti- 
nued off  and  on  for  the  fpace  of  eighteen  years.  Brixen,  Brixia^  is  a 
famous  Biihoprick  in  this  Countrey. 

Tyrd  is  a  Caftle  that  gives  Name  unto  thegreatefl  Countrey  of  £«- 
fope.  Schwatz.  and  Sterx,ingen,  are  rich  in  Silver- Mines. 

And  now  we  are  come  to  ourThird  Divifion  of  Germany  about  the 
Elbe  and  OJar,  where  we  may  confider  Saxony  the  Higher  ain  Lower 
Circle.  The  firft  comprehending  the  Eftates  of  the  Dukes  and  Ele- 
i^orates  of  Saxony,  of  Brandenburgb,  and  Pomerania.  The  other  con- 
taining the  Dutchies  of  Holfiein,  of  Bremen,  of  Luneburg,  of  Brunf- 
wick,  of  Lawenburg,  of  Mecklenburg,  &C.  Then  the  Kingdom  of  Bobe-^ 
mia,  with  the  Dutchy  of  Silefia,  and  Marquilke  o^Morjivia, 

U  •   #  f     -  Qf 


«^. 


%^6 


Of  GermAHy, 


Of  the  Higher  Saxony^ 

WE  fliall  confider  firft  the  Eftates  of  the  Dukes  antf  EleAorate  of 
Saxony.  And  here  for  the  belter  information  of  the  Reader 
in  a  matter  of  much  Intricacy,  and  which  without  the  general  know-  -' 
ledge  of  the  Saxonian  Hiftory  (  which  is  too  large  here  to  be  inferted) 
cannot  well  be  made  plain  and  intelligible;  we  (hall  therefore,  con- 
trary to  what  other  Authors  of  Geography  have  done  in  their  Defcrip- 
tions  of  Saxony,  tell  you,  That  whether  Jlkrt  the  Third  deceafing 
without  iffue  in  the  Year  14 12.  in  whom  ended  thj  Dukes  Ele<^orsof 
Saxony  of  the  houfe  of  Jnbalt ;  Or  whether  Erick  the  Fifth  of  the  Houfe ' 
of  Saxon  Lauenburgh  lapfed  his  time  of  demanding  .the  Inveftiture  of- 
the  Eledtorftiip ;  'Tis  cerrain  that  Frederick  the  Firft,  Sirnamed  the 
Warlike  Marquifs  of  Mi/nia,  and  Landtgrave  of  Thuringia,  was  crea- 
ted Duke  ElecSlor  ol  Saxony  by  the  Emperor  Sigifrnundm  the  Year 
142^.  by  this  means  the  Title  and  Dignity  of  the  Eledors  and  Dukes 
oi Saxony  was  quite  removed  out  of  the  ancient  and  true  Saxony y  and 
confined  within  Thuringia,  Mifnia,  and  the  Country  about  Wittemburg, 
called  the  Dutchy  of  Saxony ,  or  Ober  Sacbfen.  The  only  Poflefltons  of 
the  Modern  Dukes.  Only  by  a  further  accumulation  in  the  Year 
I  j-S;.  the  Houfe  of  Heneberg  totally  failing,  that  of  Saxony  took  polTef- 
fion  of  it  by  virtue  of  a  Confraternity  made  between  thofe  Princes  in  ■■■ 
the  Year  i5'5'4.  And  alfo  that  fince  the  laft  War  of  Bohemia  the  Em- 
peror gave  the  Upper  and  Lower  Lufatia  to  John  George  Elecflor  of  ^ 
this  Houfe,  who  died  the  8th  of  OSfober  16 y6,  and  was  interred  the 
4th  of  February  16^7.  with  more  than  Regal  pomp,  there  being 
;  f  00  perfons  in  Mourning,  and  24  Hprfes  of  State  covered  with 
Black ,  and  the  Electorate  Efcutcheon  Embroidered  thereon,  ev^ry 
one  of  them  led  by  two  Gentlemen.  •  i'  .  .  ?■  -  'i-^^Jv  ^ 
This  Elector  bequeathed  by  his  laft  Will  to  Joh?i  Geotge  his  Eldeft 
Son,  the  Lands  infeparable  frcm  the  Eledoral  Dignity,  viz.  the 
Dutchy  of  Saxony,  together  with  the  Upper  and  Lower  Lufatia,  with 
fome  Bailiwicks  about  Dr^/</e»;  To/^«^«y?»f,theAdminiftrator  ofMag- 
Jeber^mth  twelve  Bailiwicks  abour  Hall,  and  in  Thuringia.  To  Chri-^ 
fiian,  tl#Diocefs  o^  MersboHrg,zndi  fome  Lands  in  Foirt land, and  in  the 
Mountains.  1.  To  Maurice,bQi\dQsthQ  Dioceffesof  Naumburg  and  ZeitZy 
all  that  of  his  EfelSoral  Highnefs  in  the  PriiKipality  o^  HcneburgJIh^Q 
are  all  the  Princes  of  ^^^Arow^  of  the  Dependents  of  the  Eledlor  Aagtifim, 
Brother  to.Mauricttk}xVQ  of  Saxony  oS  a  younger  Houfe,  who  have 
their  HabitatiQii  at  tiMtjAt  Mersburg,  at  Naumburg,  and  at  Drefden  j 
-J  i  %  ■      '  foa- 


,  'y».. 


mmm 


mmm 


"\ 


0/ Gh'MdHy*  147 

for  John  FreJerick,  Sirflamod  the  Magnanimous,  of  the  Houfe  of  Fre- 
derick the  Firft,  Sirnamed  the  Warlike  aforefaid,  was  in  the  Protcftant 
Wafs  taken  Prifoner  by  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth,  by  whom  he 
was  deprived  of  his  Lands  and  Eledorfliip,  which  was  given  to  Mau^ 
rice  aforefaid,  his  Kinfman ;  but  after  five  years  Captivity  or  Impri- 
fonment,  his  Lands,  but  not  the  Eledorlliip,  were  reftored  to  him  a- 
gain,  which  his  Succeffors  now  poflefs ;  which  are  now  divided  into 
three  Branches,  o/z^i.  of  1.  Altembourg  &v\A  Cobttrgi  i.Of  ff'ejimer: 
3.  0{ Gotta  and  Etjemch.  To  thefe  we  may  add  the  Principality  of 
Anhalt,  which  is  divided  amongft  many  Princes  who  refide  at  Deffavf, 
at  Beremborg,  at  Fleskaiif,  ztZerbft,  and  at  Cotfen.  Intermingled  with 
thefe  are  the  Counts  of  Mansfield,  HobenfieiftjSchwartzhrg,  Scolhcrg^  &c. 
with  two  Imperial  Cities,  Northaufen  and  Mulhaufenj  and  the  Univer- 
fity  of  Jetia ;  all  thefe  Eftates  are  contained  within  Mifnia,  Thurifjgia, 
or  Duringe,  and  Saxony y  or  Sachfen,  an,d  Lufatia,  or  Lan/enitz..  Other 
chief  Cities  are,  i.  Mifnia  or  Meijjmi  (eatcd  upon  the  Elbe,  whence 
the  Province  had  its  Name,  a  Bimop's  See,  adorned  with  three  fair 
Caftles  or  Palaces  of  theBifliop's,  Burgraves,  and  of  the  Dukes  of 
Saxony,  adly,  Lipfia^  Leipfigt  or  Leipfick,  not  very  large,  but  weal- 
thy  and  populous,  beautified  with  fair  Buildings  bf  Stone,  viz.  theCa- 
ftle,  afid  St.  Nicholas's  Church.  'Tis  a  rich  Empory,  and  noted  Uni- 
verfity,  feated  upon  the  River  El^er,  having  three  Marts  in  the 
year :  Famous  alfo  for  two  great  Battels  fought  near  unto  it  in  the 
laft  Sweelipj  Wars ;  One  between  Gujfavm  Adolpbus,  King  o^-S-weden, 
and  Count  Tilly  General  of  the  Imperialifts  163 1.  wherein  xhzS-wedes 
obtained  a  great  ViAory;  Ttlly  was  wounded,  and  lived  not  long  af- 
ter. In  the  other,  torfenfon  the  Swede  overcame  Arch- Duke  Leopohlus 
Gulielmm  ,  and  O^avio  Piccolomini,  Generals  of  the  Imperial  Army. 
And  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  hence,at  I«r2ie«,another^reat  Bat- 
tel was  fought  1632.  between  the  King  of  Sweden  and  the  Imperial 
Army  commanded  hyWallenfiein  Duke  ofFriedland,  wherein  thQ  Swedes 
obtained  the  Victory,  but  the  King  of  Sweden  was  flain  j  and  on  the 
Imperial  fide  that  famous  Godfrey  Count  of  Pappenhetm\  for  thar  Victo- 
rious King  could  not  die  but  conquering,  and  Pappenheim  ought  not  to 
fall  but  in  the  company  of  fo  great  a  Prince.  But  the  chicfelHf -Bre/^^ 
den  IncoliSf  Drefda  Italis,  the  Seat  and  Refidency  of  theElef^dr  o^Saxo^ 
ny,  Grand  Marfhal  of  the  Empire,  feated  upon  the  River  Elbe,  over 
which  there  is  a  very  noble  Stone-Bridge  of  17  Arches;  'tis  well  for- 
tified after  the  Modern  way,  with  a  ftrong  Wallj  and  a  large  Ditch, 
having  three  Gates.  Places  moft  worth  the  feeing  here,  are  the  Italian 
<jarden  in  the  Suburbs ;  The  Hunter's  HouQb  in  the  old  Town  :  The 

V  ^       I  LleaoiS 


/ 


\ 


] 


14S  Of  Germany* 

Elcaor*s  Palace  j  His  Houfe  for  wild  Beafts ;  His  Stable  j  His  Arfe- 
nal,  and  his  Kunftkammerf  or  Colledion  of  Rarities.  Here  the  Ltt- 
theran  Women  mourn  in  White,  and  fay  Grace. 

4.  Freihrgi  a  noted  place,  with  others  adjacent ,  for  its  Silver 
Mines ;  a  round  well-walled  City,  with  a  Piazza,  CaUle,  and  five 
Gates.  In  St.  Peter's  Church  is  the  fair  Monument  of  Duke  Maurice 
Eledlor  of  Saxony ,  which  in  Offoh.  16;  2.  upon  the  Surrender  of  the 
Town,  coft  80000  Dollars  to  fave  it  from  being  ranfacked  and  de- 
faced. 

5*.  H^ttienherga^  Leuccraa  Lat.  Wittenhurg^  in  ober  Sachfen^  in  an  open 
Plain  upon  the  Elbe,  ftrongly  fenced  with  Bulwarks,  Walls,  &c,  a 
noted  Univerfity  for  Lutheran  Divines,  where  alfo  are  the  Sepulchres 
of  Luther  J  born  at  Eijleben,  in  the  Earldom  oi  Mansfeldt\  And  of  Me- 
lartBhon^ 

South  of  Mifnia,  if  not  comprehended  in  it,  lies  a  little  Country 
called  Voitlandj  or  Viteland,  which  feemeth  to  take  its  Name  from  the 
Juites  or  Vites,  who  together  with  the  Saxons  and  Angles  conquered 
j?m<7/«,  and  gave  Nam(.  to  the  \{[Qoi  IVtght,  Its  chief  place  now  is 
ZwickaWy  Cignea  in  Scrip,  Germ. 

,    -,       MarchU  Brandeburgenfis, 

TH  E  Marquifate  of  Brandenburg  is  a  large  Country,  well  ftorcd 
with  Woods,  Lakes  and  Fens,  and  in  fome  places  with  Corn. 
It  is  generally  divided  into  two  parts,  the  old  and  the  new  Marqui- 
fate. The  Metropolis  of  the  Old  is  Brandenburg,  or  Brennoburgum,  a 
Biihop's  See,  and  the  firft  Seat  of  the  MarqueiTes,  giving  name  to  the 
Country.  The  Metropolis  of  the  new  is  Francfurt,  Fravcofurtum  ad 
0</er«7w,  a  Univerfity  15*06.  enjoying  a  pleafant  Scituation  among 
Corn-fields,  and  Viney-downs,  fo  that  Ceres  and  Bacchus  feem  both 
enamoured  of  it.  Berlin,  Berlinum,  feated  in  the  midft  of  the  Province 
upon  the  bank  of  the  River  Spree,  which  Maginus,  Bertius  TVdlicbius, 
Drefftr,  Prickheimer,  and  Other  Geographers  have  miftaken  for  P/o/ow^'s 
Suevus  I  on  the  other  fide  of  the  River  is  Co/»,the  place  of  the  Prince 
Ele<afi^Refidence. .  V/    v>   ':.    '    ';.V    ; 

Co^k^,  Coftriin,  CuFlrin  &  Kufrin,  is  a  very  ftrong  Fortrefs,  faid 
never  yet  tSien  ;  it  baffled  the  King  of  Sweden  in  the  Year  163 1.  H:i- 
velbufg  is  theSeat  of  a  Bifhop.  Stendal  is  the  Metropolis  of  Alt- March, 
feated  upon  the  Rjve:  Ucbt,  Soltv/edel,  or  Solwel  (i,  e.  the  Houfe  or 
Temple  of  the  Goi  Sol)  on  the  banks  of  the  River  Jetz,e,  Gardkben, 
laid  to  be  the  Ancient  {^^r^M^?,  from  the  Image  of  ^  here  wocfliipped^ 


Of  Germ  Any*  149 

IS  famous  for  its  Beer,  and  Hops.  Oranknhwrg^  formerly  Bolza-w^  af- 
fords thegreateft  variety  of  pleafures,  being  encompaflcd  with  Parks 
and  Forelts.  Befides  this  Marquifate  whereunto  the  Eledoral  Dignity 
is  annexedjthere  belongs  to  this  Prince  the  Dutchy  of  Pryffia  in  Poland. 
The  butchy  or  moiety  of  Pomerania.  The  Reverfion  of  the  Dutchy  of 
Magdeburg.  The  Dutciiy  oiClevesy  and  Earldom  of  Marck  ;  The  Prin- 
cipalities of  Halberftat'm  Brunf-ivick,  And  Mindenin  ff^efipbaha^  which hc 
had  in  lieu  of  his  Refignatioh  of  the  Higher  Pomerania  to  the  Swede. 
The  Dutchy  of  CroJJ'en,  and  Lordlliip  of  Pregnitz.  in  Silejta.  Thdjii- 
rifdidion  oiCotbufs,  orCotufisy  and  the  other  Towns  in  Lufatia,  or  Lauf- 
nitz.  The  Branches  of  this  Family  are  the  Marqueffes  of  CuieM' 
bach  and  Onfpacb. 

0/ Pomerania,  or  Pomeren. 

Pomerania  lies  extended  alt  along  the  Shore  of  the  Baltick  Sea^  di- 
vided into  the  Upper  and  Lower  PomereA,  now  Royal  and  Ducal 
Pomeraniay  the  firft  belonging  to  the  Swedes,  the  latter  to  the  Eledor 
of  Brandenburg.  A  Country  plain,  populous,  and  in  fome  places  fruit- 
ful in  Corn,  Paflurage,  Honey,  Butter,  Wax,  Flax  and  Beer,  viz. 
the  Bitter  Beer  of  5;efi»,  the  Mum  ofGrip/wald,  the  Knock-down  of 
mUin.. 

Chief  Places  in  Pomerania  Royal,  are  5mm,5^ef/»«w,  memorable  for 
its  brave  Siege,  and  as  brave  defence  in  the  Year  1671.  when  taken 
from  the  Swedes,  fmce  reftored  again  by  the  Treaty  of  Nimeguen. 

Wolliny  v/h&nJuUnunt  a  fiouriining  Emporium,  ^no  1170.  facked 
by  Waldemarus  King  oi  Denmark.  Gripfwald  a  noted  Uhiverfity  ;  its 
Fields  and  Cattel  are  tinctured  with  the  tafte  of  Wild  Garlick.  ^V- 
gafi  over-againft  the  Ifle  Ufidom.  Camin,  a  Bifliop*s  See,  over-againft 
the  Ifle  01  fVollin.  Straelj'undt,  alias  Sundis,  a  well-traded  Empory 
over-againft  the  Ifle  Rugen  ;  taken  by  the  Eleftor  of  Brandenburg 
1678.  but  by  the  Treaty  of  Peace  figned  at  St.  Germain  s  en  Laye, 
July  29.  1679.  he  refigned  it  back  to  the  Swedes, 

Chief  Places  in  Ducal  Pomeran,  are  Colbergut  the  mouth  of  the  River 
Perfandt.  Cojlin  upon  the  River  Radnie.  Newgarten  upon  thQJUtitPierf- 
beck  ,  Stargart  upon  the  Ina ,  Rugenwal  upon  the  PTtpper,'  are  all 
confiderable  Towns. 

The  famous 0^er,having  paffedGartz  andGrieffenbagen,  and entrirg 
into  Pomeraniay  divides  its  felf  into  feveral  Branches  or  Arms,  con- 
taining therein  many  large  and  fair  Meadows;  whereof  fome  are 
above  twa£«^///2»  miles  in  breadth;  After  it  ha#paffedby  Stetiny  it  di- 

ۥ  lates 


>(• 


,.# 


-^' 


1^0  '  Of  Germmy,  ^^^ 

Utes  it  felf  into  the  DawMijh  Sea  or  Lake,  then  into  the  Damantzie, 
or  ? faff enwaJJ'er, and  at  laft  Ipreads  it  felf  intoa  Vaft  Frefii- water  Ocean 
called  Dot  grojfe  Frifck-Haff,  extending  it  felf  about  46  EngUjh  miles 
in  length,  and  4  in  breadth  :  which  Lake  difembogues  it  felf  iuto  the 
J?<»//itf?  Sea  in  three  Currents  or  Harbours,  the  Dmwt/w^,  S-wyne,  andP«- 
nemmde, 

* 

This  (hall  fuffice  for  the  Higher  ^/^xow/,  or  the  Eighth  Circle  of  the 
Empire.  Come  we  next  to  that  of  the  Lower  Saxony ^  which  contains, 

The  Dutchy  of  Mecklenburg. 

MEchlhuriienJisfjive  Megahpolitam  Ducatus,  lies  next  to  Tomerania, 
along  the  Coaft  of  the  Baltick  Sea,  c^a  fruitful  Soil,  and  rich  in 
Corn.    The  Princes  or  Dukes  whereof  are  now  divided  into  two 
Branches;  the  one  whereof  make  their  Refidence  at  SHevin.  or  Schwe- 
rin,  upon  a  great  Lake,' a  Bilhop'sSee,  whofefirft  Bifliop,  7o^»  Scotus, 
was  cruelly  nartyred,  ^nn.  1260,  by  the  fFe»di(h  Apolhtes.    The 
other  at  Gu/lr Oft f   or  Guftrow,  a  well  fortified  Town,  about  18  or 
20  EngUfh  miles  from  Rofhck,  and  have  now  each  of  them  a  moiety 
of  the  Dutchy,  and  are  faid  to  be  derived  from  the  Vandal  Princes. 
However  in  thelateGerfw<»»^</n  the  Emperor  madethefe  Princes  feel 
the  weight  of  his  Indignation,  giving  their  Lands  to  fValUfiein  a  Sile- 
fian  Gentleman,  (a  great  Captain  indeed,  and  renowned  Soldier,  who 
by  a  ftrange  Ingratitude,  and  Devilifh  Ambition  came  to  a  miferable 
end;  the  Dukeof  5/rfl»  and  the  Earl  of  Effex  had  fuch  like  Defigns, 
and  as  Tragical  Cataftrophes.)  Neverthelefs  they  re-entred  into  it  by 
the  Arms  of  tht  ,Gvt3X  Guftavus  their  Cou fin- German,  1651.  And 
though  Mtififier^Trenty  took  Wifmar,  yet  gave  them  in  Exchange  the 
Bifliopricks  of  Ratz^burg  and  Suerin,  turned  into  Principalites.- 
'  Other  chief  places,  are  ffifmar^Wifmaria,  a  Hans-Town,  and  noted 
Pbrt  upon,  the  Baltick,  founded  out  of  the  Ruins  of  the  great  and  an- 
cient City  oi  Mecklenburg,  or  Megalopolis,  Anno  1240.  taken  by  Chri- 
(I tan  V.  King  of  Denmark,  1676.  from  the  Swedes,  but  according  to 
the  Treaty  of  Peace  fignedat  Fount ainhleau  on  the  idolSeptentb,  1679. 
it  was*^  be  reftored  to  the  Swedes  within  three  weeks  after  the  ratifi- 
cation of  the  faid  Treaty ;  yet  in  a  fecond  Treaty  figncd  on  the  26th 
of  the  faid  Month  at  Lmden  in  Schonen,  it  was  agreed  that  Wijmar 
ftiould  remain  in  the  hands  of  the  King  of  Denmark  as  a  Surety  for  the 
Arrearsof  certain  Contributions  due  from  that  King  to  the  Crown  of 
Denmark',  fo  that  ^i'i^anes,  I  think,ftill  keep  poffeffion  of  this  Town, 

the 

■    '■"■:  ■     .    '\         ■   -  vr:    #^ 


T 


igto 

679. 

•atifi- 

26th 

'ijtnar 

rthe 

vn  of 

own, 

the 


0/  Germnnj,  r^t 

the  Obligation  being  not  cancelled.  2.  Roflocky  or  R'otzfioc}:,  a  City 
of  great  Antiquity,  by  report  of  the  German  Antiquaries.  What  great 
things  the  Ancient  Roman  Writers  report  of  Lacimum,  LacHmrgiuw^ind 
Rodopoli/j  they  appropriate  to  Roftocky  how  true,  I  know  not  j  'tis 
certain,  that  in  the  Year  %i<),  'twas  only  afmall  inconfiderable  Vil- 
lagCj,  built  by  fome  poor  Fifliermen  on  the  Banks  of  the  IVarnai  novfr 
there  are  reckoned  140  Streets,  many  adorned  v;iih  high  and  ftately 
Houfes.  There  arc  7  times  7  remarkable  things  in  Roftock.  Seven 
great  Doors  to  the  Cathedral  Church  of  St.  Mary's y  7  large  Streets 
leading  to  the  Market-place,  7  Gates  of  the  City  towards  the  Land, 
7  Bridges  over  the  JVama,  7  Towers  on  the  top  of  the  Town*  Hall, 
7  great  Bells  which  chime  at  certain  hours  in  the  Town-Hall,  7  great 
Linden  Tr  r  r,  in  the  Common  Garden.Its  moft  noted  Commodity  com- 
monly isBetr,a.  Hans  City,  noted  Port,  large,  rich,  and  well-tradetj,  a 
Univerfity  founded  Amo  14 1 9.  Since  the  Treaty  at  Munfier,  the  Swedes 
have  built  a  Fort  at  the  Mouth  of  the  River  fVarna,  and  exatStToll 
or  Cuftoms  of  all  Hiips  that  pafs  to  Rojhckf  to  the  great  prejudice  of 
the  City. 

Come  we  next  in  courfe  to  Hol/^ein,  which  is  under  the  Homage 
and  Right  of  the  Empire,  but  being  in  pofleflion  of  the  Houfe  oiDen- 
marky  we  Hiail  refer  its  Defcription  to  that  Kingdom,  and  fpeak  of  the 
Dutchies  oi  r:riwfmtk  and  Lunenburg. 

0//^^D«/f/;/V/<3/Brunrwick4W  Lunenburg.     . 

THIS  was  a  part  of  the  ancient  Dukedom  o^  Saxony,  till  the  Pro- 
fcription  of  Henry ^  Sirnamed  the  Lww,  by  the  Emperor  Frederick 
Barbnrofa  j  but  by  the  Mediation  of  Hewr^'iheSecondjKingofEw^/^w-/, 
his  Father-in- Law,  (  being  reconciled  unto  the  Emperor)  had  the  .Ci- 
ties of  iSrMw/w^/c^  and  LuntnburgyyNK\\  their  Countries,  reftored  unto  ' 
him  J  afterwards  erected  into  a  Dukedom  by  the  Emperor  Frederick 
the  Second,  whofe  Pofterity  enjoyed  thefe  Dukedoms  jointly  till  the 
Year  1450.  M/hcn  they  were  divided  between  iVilliam  the  Victorious, 
who  had  the  Title  of  Brunjwick,  and  his  Uncle  Bernard  who  had  the 
Title  of  I,««f«^«r^,  and  in  their  Pofterity  both  thefe  Dutchies  doftill 
continue.  ^ 

111  the  Dukedoms  of  Brunfwick  al.  Brutifv'igenjts,  &  Hannovery 
The  South  and  Eaft  parts  towards  Hejl'tn^  &c.  iwell  with  Woody 
Mountains  and  Hills,  ffarts  of  the  ancient  Hircinian^  the  Northern 
pare  more  plain  and  fruitful  in  Corn,  and  other  Commodities. 

Chitif 


\; 


v    i 


'■I' 


\  .   >v.^'" 


mm 


mm 


mm 


Chief  places  are  Smnfwick,  al  Braunfwj/ck  &  Rrunfviga  &  Bruttopolis  J 
the  Tutifurgium  of  Ptol  ufie  Appianoy  upon  the  River  Oacer,  and  one  of 
the  chief  Hans-Tov/ns,  containing  about  feven  miles  in  compaf,  fair, 
.populous,  and  ftronpiy  fortified  with  a  double  Wall,  peopled  with 
induftrious  Inhabitcnts,  jealous  of  their  Liberty ;  Governed  in  man- 
ner of  a  Free  Eltate,  held  under  the  right  of  the  Princes.    Iti  chief 
Trade  is  in  Hides  and  Mum;    GoJIar,  Gojlaria,  a  Town  Imperial.  All 
the  Houfes  in  this  City  are  covered  with  a  glittering  kind  of  Slat;  the 
Inhabitants  are  all  Miners,  and  the  only  Trade  of  the  Town  is  in  dig- 
ging, cleanfing,.  tempering,  and  vending  all  manner  of  Metals,  ex- 
cept Gold;  and  a  great  many  choice  Minerals  of  the  Country,  as  Vi- 
triol, Brimftone,  Quiokfilver,  Copperas,  cl^<:.    Holmjhfit  is  reckoned 
the  oldeft  City  in  Saxcny  ('except  Baramkk)  hnik  by  the  Emperor 
C'jarles  the  Great,  about  Jnn.  Dom.  782.  it  is  famous  for  its  Ar-demia 
Julia^  or  Univerfity.    IVdfenbuttel,  a  very  ftrong  Caftle,  and  the 
Refidence  of  the  Dukes  of  E:'mfwick,  where  is  a  famous  Library ;  with- 
in thefe  Territories  v/ere  alfo  included  the  Principality  of  Halbtrfiat^ 
now  under  r'-e  Eleftor  oi  Brandenburg,2iX\d  the  Rifhoprick  oi  HiUedyam, 
the  AJcalinfium  of  Vtol.  &  Irenicus,  the  Abbey  Quedelimburgy  whr      \b" 
botefs  was  fometimes  Princefsof  theEmpirc,now  fubjed  to  the .  yale 
of  Saxony.    Hannover  is  the  Seat  and  Title  of  another  Branch  off  the 
Dukes  oiBrunfwkki  whofe  Duke  is  a  Catholick,  and  by  MunfierTrcA- 
ty  Bifliop  of  Ofnaburg,  in  whole  Territories  are  Caknburg,  Grubenha- 
gen,  Gottingen^  and  Hamelen^  where  the  Inhabitants  keep  the  Records 
of  the  famous  Piper,  who  in  1284.  drew  the  Boys  of  the  Town  in- 
to a  Ca*  c,  who  were  never  after  heard  of. 

Lunabttrgenfis  Duciitus^  Herfzogtbumb  Lumnbourgl  incolisi  Dutche  tie 
Lufiebotrg  Ga'Iis,  The  Countrey  is  plain,  the  Air  (harp  and  healthful, 
and  the  Soil  barren.  The  chief  Town  is,  Lunenburg,  Luvaburgunh^  up- 
on the  River  Vlmey  now  one  of  fhs  Six  Hans-Towns,  large,  popu- 
lous, and  adorned  with  fair  Btiildings,  whofe  chief  Trs  je  is  m  Salt. 
O//,  or  2?//,  is  'he  Refidence  of  ti.c  Dukes,  about  10  Ge/>w<;;/n[5ilesdi- 
Itant  from  Laneburg. 


^'^te,.. 


\ 


^""^ 


Of  Bremen,  Epifccpatus  Breme  nls. 


TH  IS  Diocels  or  Archbiftioorick  ofBrenen  is  a  Country  who(e  ex- 
treme parts  aloiJg  the  Elbe  and  fVeftr  are  very  fertile  for  Corn 
and  Paf^u-age,  the  more  inner  pare?  wild  and  barren.    Bremen  an 
Archbifliop's  Secyand  a  Univerfity,  or  Gymnajsuwy  an  Imperial  City, 
and  the  ilwrd  Haii^Towii,  give:  name  to  the  Countrey  j  it  is  feated 
.  ■ ,   :  j  1  \    ^ ;:.--.«    \.  upon 


MPV 


wmm 


Of  Qfffkiny, 


i^J 


opoii  the  right  fide  of  the  Wtjkr^  large,  populous,  lich,  anJ  well- era" 
ded,  ahd  ftrongly  fenced,  and  is  famous  for  its  Art  of  drefCng  Lea- 
tiier,  and  Cloth,  and  for  their  Fifli. 

Staday  StaJtj  a  noted  Hans-TowQ,  accounted  the  moft  ancient  in 
Saxony,  and  once  the  Staple  of  the  EvgUpj  Merchant- Adventurers, 
now  the  place  where  the  Ships  pay  Tole,  ftrongly  fortified.  Bremerf- 
ford^  or  Bremerverden,  a  Gaftle,  and  Village,  where  the  Archblfhop 
did  refide.  But  now  the  53/;^^^^  have  there  a  ftrong  Gariibn.  Charlsfiat 
is  a  ftrong  Fort  buiic  by  the  Swedes  near  the  mouth  of  the  River  IVejer^ 
This  Country,  with  the*Principality  of  Ferden,  or  Vehrden,  in  IVefi' 
fbalia,  now  belongs  to  the  Swedes  by  the  Treaty  of  Munfier,  and  is 
annexed  to  their  Territories  and  Domminions  under  the  Title  of  a 
Dukedom. 

;   Of  LAwenhurg-  . 

THIS  Dutcby  gives  name  to  the  Princes  of  Aixow-IoM/fw^wr^,  who 
are  branches  of  the  fame  Floufe  with  the  Princes  of  Anbalt.  Its 
chief  place  is  Lawenhnr^i  or  Lauhnhurg,  upon  the  £/&,  a  fine  Town, 
but  the  Caftle  is  ruined,  and  the  Dake  lives  at  Ratzehrg,  though  he 
hath  nothing  there  but  the  Caftle,  the  Town  belonging,  as  was  faid, 
tc  che  Duke  of  Mecklenburg, 

;.       Of  Magdeburg,  Ditto  Magdeburgenfis. 

THIS  Diocefslies  extended  on  both  fides  of  the  Elh,  betwixt 
Brandenburgy  and  the  proper  Saxony  The  chief  Town  is  Mag- 
deburg, ^  Meydenhufg,  incolts,  Meydburg,  X)r  Megdeburg :  antiquis  movu- 
mentis  Patbenopolis.  Mefuinum  PtoL  t  eft  is  Appiano,  -  A  Burgravefiiip  of 
the  EmpirCj  and  Archbifliop's  See,  giving  nam?,  to  the  Country.  Re- 
edified  by  Editba  Wife  unto  the  Emperor  Benry  the  Firft,  and  Daugh- 
ter to  Edmund  King  of  EngUnd,zxA  thus  named  in  honour  of  her 
Sex.  Her  Effigies  in  ftone  is  in  the  Cathedral  Church,  with  19  Tuns 
of  Gold  which  Ihe  gave  thereunto  \  though  others  fay  it  was  for  the 
Worfiiip  of  the  Virgin  Diana,  A  place  of  great  ftate,  large  and  fair, 
and  ftrongly  fortified,  once  the  Metropolitan  City  oH  Germany,  famous 
in  the  Proteftant  Wars  for  a  whole  year's  Siege  againit  the  Emperor 
C/6«r/«the  Fifth.  But  facked  and  burnt  by  7"////,  and  360Q0  perfons 
put  tothe  Swoid^  and  deftroyed  1631.  and  the  Town  almoft  ruined. 
'Twas  alfo  famous  for  the  firft  Turnament  which  was  in  Germany, 
which  was  performed  here  in  the  Year  637.  by  the  Emperor  Henry ^ 
Sirnamed  the  Fowkr, 

Thcfe 


^vl 


^^m 


1  54  Qf  Gtrmnny. 

Thefe^HC  tlie  chief  parfs  of  the  Lower  Saxmy^  and  contain  the 
Ninth  Circle  of  the  Empire.  _  . 


V. 


'^ 


Of    B  O  H  EM  I  A. 


ii,A 


4^:,' 

■1... 


•»*, 


h?^.. 


BOiemuv.  Tac.  Beiohsmum  Vaterc.  liomi  Ttoi.  Boheim  Germ,  Rohewe  Gallis, 
Bocmia  Htj'p^msf  Bohemia  Itali*.  Czedazem  incolts  tefi-e  Brieto,  This 
Kingdom  is  environed  about  with  Mountains  and  Forefts^  as  it  were 
vyirh  Fortifications.  The  Air  Oiarp  a\>A  piercing,  the  Countrey  rough 
and  hilly,  rich  in  Minerals,  and  yielding  fufficient  plenty  of  Corn, 
and  other  necelTary  Provifions,  Wine  excepted.  Firft  inhabited 
by  fome  of  the  Germans j  the  Hermiones,  who  were  difpofleired  by  the 
Bcji,  who  gave  Name  unto  the  Country.  The  Boii  were  routed  by 
the  M^rcomanni,  a  people  oi  Germany,  And  thefe  were  alfo  ejedled  by 
the  ScUves  under  Zechusy  Brother  unto  Lechm,  the  Founder  of  the 
Vch^  Monarchy,  about  the  Year  649.  called  in  their  own  Country- 
Unguage  Cz^echi^  but  named  from  the  Country  they  feized  upon,  Boioha- 
frJf  upon  their  firlt  arrival.  This  people  were  governed  by  Dukes 
until  about  the  Year  1086.  when  Uratijlans  or  JJladtJlaus  was  created 
the  firftKingof  Bobemia.lna.  Diet  at  A/eM;«,,by' the  Emperor  Hemy  the 
Fourth,  about  the  Year  1 199.  Power  was  given  to  the  States  to  chufe 
their  Princes,  before  being  Elc(5led  by  the  Grace  of  the  Emperor ; 
fmce  which  time  the  Kingdom  coranued  Elective,  though  mow  com- 
monly enjoyed  by  the  next.of  •-''  /od,  until  the  Royal  Line  being  ex- 
tinct theK'.igdom  was  devolved  upon  the  Houfeof  Aufiria, 

Chief  Places  are,  ?raga  Italis,  Frag  Imolitj  Prague  Gallis.  Marobit- 
^um  Ptol.  tefte  Savf.  &  Brief,  the  Capital  and  Royal  City  of  the  King- 
dom of  £o/6fww,  feated  upon  the  KivQv  MuUaWj  by  the  BohemiamUl- 
tave;  it  confifteth  of  three  Towns,  the  Old,  the  New,  and  the  Lefler. 
'Tis  an  Archbiilioprick  and  Univerfity,  where  in  the  Year  1409.  were 
rfickoned  above  4000  Students  under  the  Re<5lorftiip  of  John  Huu 
The  greateft  Remarks  are  the  Emperor's  Palace,  and  Summer-houfe.. 
A  fair  Cathedral  Church  built  923.  The  Palace  and  Garden  of  Cola- 
redo.  The  Palace  of  Count  Walkftein  Duke  of  Freidland,  The  Bridge, 
being  1700  foot  long,  and  gy  foot  broad,  with  two  Gates  under 
tworligh  Towers  of  Stone  at  each  end.  Near  Prague  that  deciding 
Brittel  was  fought,  November  8.  1620.  between  FrederickVt'mcQ  Pala- 
tine of  the /?/&/«?,  Elected  King  of  Stf/ftewM,  and  the  Emperor  Ferdtnand 
the  Second,  where  the  Vidory  fell  unto  the  Imperialifts,  Prague  forced 
to  yields  and  Kiog  Frederick  and  his  Queen  forced  to  fly  into  Stlefia, 

Teutdift 


♦'.. 


UggPPHppwH _„.  1,J,  ll,II.J.J|l(ppp||^*« 


INMPHPHMii 


mmmmmmmmm 


QfQfmM^ 


15  J 


Teutcl'in  Broda,  by  the  River  Saczua,  a  ftrong  place  when  taken  by 
Zt/'ca,  who  then  forced  the  Emperor  Sipfirund  to  fly  out  of  Bohemia. 
^'^w/^^M'j  where  was  fought  that  famous  Battd'of  i^e^.  24.  164;. 
between  Torfienjon,  and  the  Imperialifts,  the  Succefs  gave  the  Swedes 
the  advantage  of  proceeding  further.  i^^'^O/^'nia    4 

'  C%,ajlaw  is  the  place  where  Ztfca  was  buried,  that  famous  Bohemian 
General,  who  fought  when  he  was  Blind  ;  and  when  dead,  wiilied 
his  friends  to  make  a  Drum  of  his  Skin. 

Kuttevhurg,  or  Cottemburgi  is  famous  for  its  Silver  Mines.  '       " 
■    Egra  is  a  ftrong  City,  accounted  the  fecond  of  Bohemia,  and  chief 
Magazine  of  the  Country.    Famous  for  its  Fountains,  whofe  Waters 
cure  all  Infirmities  of  the  Eyes  and  Ears,  or  other  parts  of  the  Head. 

The  Mountains  of  the  Giants  in  Bohemia^  called  Riphai  or  CercomJJi, 
are  famous  for  three  things ;  for  their  Signification  and  Prognofticks 
of  all  Tempcfts,  for  the  rarity  of  Plants,  Stones  and  Gems  there  grow- 
ing, and  for  a  SpeStrum  called  Ribenzal,  which  is  faid  to  walk  aboilt 
thofe  Mountains  in  the  form  of  a  Huntfmin.  Anjelmr4i  de  Boot  tells  us, 
that  Rudulpbfti  the  Second,  King  of  Bohemia,  had  a  Table  of  Jewel; 
which  he  calls  the  Eighth  Wonder  of  the  World  f  it  was  wrough'. 
with  fuch  Art,  that  the  Jewels  which  were  fet  together  with  invifible 
Joints ,  prefented  a  moft  pleafant  Landskip,  naturally  reprefenting 
Woods,  Rivers,  Flowers,  Clouds,  Animals,  &c.  the  like  not  to  be 
found  in  the  World.  -   .- 

The  Waters  of  Carolina  al.  Kar shady  found  <  t  Jnno  i;7o.  in  the 
time  of  Charles  the  Fourth,  will  in  a  nights  time  turn  Wood  into  a 
ftony  cruft. 

That  the  Loadftones  of  Bohemia  will  give  the  point  of  the  World, 
but  not  draw  Iron;  and  that  a  Needle  touched  with  one  of  thdfe 
Stones  never  points  diredly  North,  but  declines  eight  or  more  degrees 
to  the  Eaft.         "     /r}-  '  -  . 

That  Mummies,as  good  as  any  in  Egypt ■^^VQhtzn  found  in  liohemla^ 
(  a  whole  man  of  Myrrh,  Amber )  Bones  ot  Giants,  and  Unicorns 
Horns,  are  digg'd  out  of  the  Mountains.  See  the  Hiftory  oi  Bohemia 
Bohu^ao  Balbim  &  Soc.  Jef.  in  fol.  Frag.  1679. 

Other  chief  Towns  are  Fi//e»,  K'.rge  and  Walled,  7!/^^?"  upon  the 
River  Lauzvitz.  Komrgigratz,  Ger,  Hradlum  Regius,  Kralowiknuletz.  Boh, 
Kuttenburg  Ger.  Kutmihora  Boh.  Budcrcljs  Ger.  al,  Budeion^ice  Boh.  Lekmc- 
rttx,  Ger.  al.  Litomierz,iFz,e  Boh, 

To  thefe  fome  here  add  the  Country  and  City  of  Glatz.  upon  the 
Borders  of  5</e/?rf. 


•l 


^ 


X2 


Of 


X'  ■ 


L^m 


■•■■IliPiappa" 


&■ 


h-  M^^ 


'x: 


I5« 


y    /        OfGermffji. 

Oi  MofAvU,  Marheriftf  or  Mahreft, 


■■K 


1  <  .^. 


IS  a  Country  lying  open  only  towards  Au[triay  and  the  South,  up- 
on the  other  fides  environed  with  Mountains  and  Forefls ;  plain 
within,  and  exceedingly  populous,  pleifant,  and  fruitful  for  Corn, 
Wine  and  Pafturage.  The  Airfomewhat  unhealthy,  being  debarred 
from  the  cleanfiiig  Eaft  and  Northern  Winds,  yet  it  has  l^veral  rich 
Medicinal  Fountains :  And  a  (trange  kind  of  t^rankincenfe  or  Myrrh, 
which  is  dug  out  of  the  bowels  of  the  Earth.  Once  a  Kingdom,  now  a 
Marquifate,fubje<5l  to  the  Bohemians^an  Appendantofthaf  State  fince/^». 
14 17.  when  5/^///»«»</ the  Emperor  gave  it  loAlbertus  King  of  Bohemia. 
Chief  Places  &TcOlmutx,,or  Olmmtz,  Germ.  &  Olmucz,.  Olomutium  & 
Olomuficium  Latino.  Holomane  Bob.  the  Eburum  of  Ttol.  tefie  Vyram.  & 
yippianoy  rather  Barouna  tefte  Laz..  A  Univerfity  feated  on  the  River 
iMorava,  otMarckb,  which  running  quite  through  the  Country,  entreth 
the  Donatv  near  PresLurgh,  and  gave  name  to  the  Countrey ;  large 
and  ftrongly  fortified,  taken  by  the  Swedes,  but  reftored  by  the  Treaty 
oiMunfier. 

2.  Brinntun,  Br'm.  Ger.  Bruno  Bohemisy  thQ  Arjicua  oiPtol.  Vilano,  but 
by  Sanf.  *tis  Hradifcb.  Walled,  and  hath  a  ftrong  Caftle,  famous  for 
the  Siege  of  1645.  by  the  Sive^lz^y  feated  upon  the  River  Schwartz, 
and  Z-witta.,  '■  -"^  -  .   .-'j  :>.  . 

3.  Iglaiv  Germ,  or  Tgla.  Gz.ihUwa  Bobem.  Geblak  by  the  Moravians, 
on  the  River  fo  called,  feated  upon  a  Hill  on  the  Frontiers  ofBobemia^ 

'  well  fortified,  having  a  large  Piazza. 

4.  Znoimumy  Znaim,  Germ.  Zmymo  Bobem,  Lat.  Znogma  the  Medojlani- 
um  of  Ptol.  te^e  Cluv.  feated  upon  the  River  Tbeya,  which  divideth  Mo- 
ravia  from  Aufiria^'is  famous  for  the  death  of  Sigifmund  the  Emperor,: 
and  for  its  Painted  Houfes,  and  for  its  Sieges  of  1645".  ^  -yt 

The  Moravians  are  a  plain-dealing  People,  ftout  and  good  Soldiers!. 

Gradifco  near  Olmutz.,  is  famous  for  its  Myrrh  and  Frankincenfe, 
which  contrary  to  the  common  Cuftom  groweth  immediately  out  of 
the  Earth  ;  and  the  Frankincenfe  groweth  nacurally  in  the  fliape  and 
likenefs  of  thofe  parts  which  Men  and  Women  moft  conceal,  tej^e  Du- 
Iravivo  in  his  Bohemian  Hiftory. 

Cren/tr  or  Kren/ier,  by  the  Bohemians  Kromeritz,,  now  one  of  the  fair- 
eft  Cities  in  Moravia.  Ewanczitz,,  once  notorious  for  its  different 
Scds  in  Religion ;  now  all  Jews  and  Papifis. 


of 


•  r  • 


*• 


fu 
.  dil 

En 
Sp. 
ne 


J*' 


mmmmm' 


wmmmmm 


«i7 


'fc* 


-^  Of  Germdny. 

r^  i     '    -;n :    Qf  57/^^/  SchUfing;el&  Schleften.       V     ;    •    ' 

TT  IS  Dutchy  is  watered  in  the  middle  by  the  River  Odery  whol- 
ly enjcompafled  with  Hills  and  Mountains,  except  towards  the 
North.  The  Air  therefore  Hiarp  and  piercing,  lying  open  to  thole 
bluftcring  Winds.  The  Country  is  rough  ,  and  Woody  ,  yet 
adounding  in  Corn,  the  Hilly  parts  yield  plenty  of  Brafs,  and  other 
Metals. 

It  was  once  fubjedl  to  the  King  of  Poland;  afterwards  it  fubmitted, 
or  wasfubjed  totheKingof  fii?/^e»»w,  and  is  now  an  appendant  of  that 
State.  The  ancient  Inhabitants,  among  others ,  were  the  Quadi, 
againft  whom  when  M.  Antonius  the  Emperor  made  War,  and  being 
in  a  great  ftrait,  the  Legion  of  Chriftians  in  his  Army  by  their  Prayers 
obtained  from  Heaven  not  only  Thunderihot  and  Artillery,  which  de- 
firoyed  the  Quadi ;  but  gentle  Showers  which  refre(hed  the  faint  and 
dying  Romans,  Xtphtl.  in  his  Dion. 

Chief  Places  are  Brejlavf  Ger,  fVratxlaw  Bobem.  Wratijlavia.  The 
Budorgisy  or  Budorigum  of  ?tol.  Vj/ramio  &  Curio.  By  OrteL  Budorgis  is 
Rattibor.  ABifhop's  See  970.  burnt  in  the  Year  1341.  now  one  of 
the  faireft  Cities  in  Germany,  with  ftraight  and  open  Streets.  Other 
Places  are  GlogawCroJfeny  belonging  to  the  M.  of  Brandenburg.  L'tgnitz, 
Schweidnitz,,  fTolaWy  Oppelen,  TroppaWy  Ratibor,  Tefcheny  Odfe^  Sagan, 
Jawery  Brteg,  MonflurbergyGrotkaWy  Jegerndorfy  Dukedoms  and  Cities: 
to  which  we  may  add  the  County  and  City  of  Glatz,  amongft  the 
Monies  Sudetes 

Thus  have  we  furroundedGfrw/;«/,  andfinifhed  the  Survey  thereof. 

As  to  the  Revenue  of  the  Emperor,  'tis  not  worth  mentioning.  It 
had  need  therefore  of  fome  Prince,  whofe  own  Eftate  is  fufficient  to 
lii|Pport  the  Grandeur  and  Dignity  of  fo  Auguft  a  Title.  *"r-" ' 


V  ij 


W  the    SEVENTEEN    PROVINCES,  Or 
the  LOW-COUNTRIES. 

BY  the  Latins  that  Trcft  is  called  Belgium,  from  the  Belgi,  the  moft 
Potent  People  heretofore  of  allthele  parts;  which  upon  the  Con- 
fulion  of  thofe  Ancient  Limits  of  Germany  and  France y  did  contain  17 
diftind:  Efiates  or  Provinces:  It  isalfo  called  Germania  Inftrior;  by  the 
Englifliy  the  Low-Countries;  by  the  Dutcby  Netherlandt  j  by  the  Italian/, 
Spaniardsy^d  French,  Flanders;  from  whence  the  Inhabitants  were  ge- 
nerally called  Fiemmings, 

Tis 


4 


■■■ 


n-- 


'  'Tis  a  Country  feated  very  low,  between  the  Banks  of  the  Rhine 
and  the  Sea-fliore,  from  which  *tis  defended  by  extraordinary  Charge 
and  Indiidry  with  Banks  and  Ramparts.  For  Husbrandy,*tis  thebeft . 
cultivated;  for  niultirude  of  Towns  and  Villages,  the  bell  Peopled"; 
for  their  neatnefs,  the  mofl  Remarkable;  and  by  reafon  of  their  Igye- 
ral  Manufadures,  the  moft  Rich  of  any  Country  in  Enrofe,  ^-/^'v' 
*  '"Tis  bounded  on  the  North  with  the  German  or  Brittjh  Ocenv,  which 
alfo  fcparates  it  from  Great  Britain,  on  the  Weft;  and  on  the  South 
and  Eaft  it  borders  upon  Frartce  anA  Gerwany. 

The  Ancient  Inhabitants  were  partly  fubdued  by  L.  Drujtus,  in  the 
time  of  A(tgu(^m  Cafar ;  the  other  were  before  overcome  by  Jitliffs  Ca- 
far :  After  which  fubjedion  they  remainded  under  the  Roman  Empire 
until  the  Expiration  of  that  Empire,  when  they  were  involved  in  that 
Publick  Calamity  under  the  Vidorious  French,  who  here  fucceeded 
the  Remans ;  the  whole  was  contained  ^nder  the  Name  and  Kingdom 
of  /Mp-rafia  or  Ooftenreich.  Afcer  that  the  French  Monarchy  became 
divided  amonft  the  Pofterity  of  the  Emperor  Lewis  the  Godly,  this 
part  hereof  broke  into  fundry  new  Principalities  and  Governments, 
and  became  divided  into  17  States;  or  Provinces,  whereof  fome  En- 
titled their  Governours  Dukes ;  others,  Earls ;  others,  Lords. 

Their  Names  are  thefe:  Four  Dukedoms,  Brabant,  Limburg,  Lux* 
embwg,  and  Guelderland.  Seven  Earldoms,  Holland,  Zeland,  .Zutphen, 
Flanders,  Artois,  Hainault  and  Namur,  One  Marquifate  of  the  Holy 
Empire,  comprehending  Antiverf,  FiveSigniories,  or  Lordfliips,  Ma- 
lms, Utrecht,  Over-Tjjd,  Frujland  and  Groningen.  Two  of  thefe,  F/rf«- 
</cri,  and  part  of  Jrtoi/e,  appertained  to  the  Soveraignty  of  the  Kings 
of  France,  quitted  unto  Philip  the  Second  king  of  Spain  by  Henry  the 
Second,  French  King,  in  the  League  of  Cambray.  Brabant,  Flanders, 
part  of  Artois,  Limberg,  with  Malines,  and  the  Marquifate  of  the  Sacred 
Empire,  becanjv?  added  to  the  Dominion  and  Fatpily  of  Burgundy  by 
Philip  the  Hardy.  Holland,  Zealand,  JVefl-FreiJland,  Hainalt,  Luxemburg 
and  Namur,  by  Vbilip  the  Good  :  Gelderland,  Zutfheny  XJtreicbt,  Over* 
Tff'elund  Groningen,  by  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth.  Since  this  Uni- 
on they  were  Governed  in  manner  of  Free  Ettates  by  their  Princes 
and  Magiftrates,  making  a  diftind  Nation  and  Commonwealth  by 
themfelves.  Duke  Charles  the  Fighter,  Prince  jiereof,  had  an  intent 
io  unite  the  parts  then  under  his  Government  into  one  intire  King- 
dom by  the  name  of  Burgundy.  But  the  Provinces  being  Soveraign, 
and  had  their  feveral  Laws,  Privileges,  &c.  this  Project  Took  no  ef- 
fed.  In  the  Reign  of  Philip  the  Second  King  of  Spain,  Heir  of  the 
Houfeof  Burgundy,  and  in  the  Year  1^66.  began  thofe  memora- 
ble 


■F- 


■3^ 

\  -0 


Of  Germdfiy,  '59 

ble  Civil  Broils,  fa  long  »fflidling  thofe  rich  an4  flouriftiJng  Countries, 
continued  with  tbe  fpoil  and  ranfackin^  of  all  tlieir  Chief  Towns  and 
Cities,  with,  ;the  urtfpcaliable  luifery  and  comity  of  a  Woody  War  of 
48  years  j  a  War  which  coft  the  King  of  Spain  the  Lives  of  600000 
men,  and  1 5:0  Millions  of  Ci  owns,  and  England  not  fewer  than  looooo 
men,  and  above  a  Million  of  Money.  At  laft,  part  of  the  Provinces 
were  forced  to  continue  under  the  SpanijhYokQy  and  part  recovered 
their  Liberty  ;  fo  that  now  there  are  in  the  Low-Countries  two  Eftates, 
or  Dominions^  far  differing  one  from  another ;  for  the  one  is  a  Re- 
publick,  or  rather  feveral  Republicks  United  and  Confederated  in 
one,  and  therefore  called  the  United  Vrovincesj  and  (commonly  from 
the  Principal  Province  )  HoUand:  The  other  for  the  moft  part  did 
belong  to  the  King  oi  Spain,  as  Heir  to  the  Houfe  o^  Burgundy ,  and  is 
called  the  Spaniflj  Frovincesy  or  Flanders  j  but  of  late  Years  the  French 
King  hath  conquered  the  moft  part  thereof. 

As  the  Country  is  divided,  fo  is  alfo  their  Religion;  for  the  Spajii- 
ards  ftridlly  follow  the  Romiflj,  and  the  States-General  indulge  the  free 
Ufe  of  all  Religions,  but  countenance  only  that  of  the  Reformed 
Churches,  according  to  Calvin. 

The  Men  for  the  moft  part  are  well  proportioned,  unmindful  of 
good  Turns  and  Injuries;  of  good  Invention,  Frugal,  and  of  indefa- 
tigable Induftry. 

The  Women  generally  of  good  Complexions,  Familiar,  Adive, 
Laborious,  and  converfant  in  Affairs  in  the  Shops  and  Houfes. 

Their  Language,  for  the  moft  part,  is  Dutchy  with  little  difference 
in  the  Dialed  ;  but  in  theProvinces  adjoining  to  France,  they  fpeaka; 
corrupt  and  imperfed  French,  from  their  Language  called  fi^aSoons. 

The  Air  is  Temperate,  and  more  wholfome  than  formerly;  tlis 
Winter  more  tong  than  cold,  and  the  Summer  like  the  Spring  in  Sou- 
thern Countries.  j.„  4 :,^^.. 

The  Soil  towards  Germany  is  Woody  and  Hilly;  but  towards  the 
Sea  full  of  Pafture  and  Meadow-ground,  which  breed  great  ftor«  of 
Cattelj  which  make  Cheefe  and  Butter  plentiful.  :      « 


♦w.^ 


•^,1  -> 


:  ■  ■  V 


/" 


•'1 


,1  .^M'm-i^vs^li: 


■  k^^ 


i.TiW- 


■  -       -  ) 


•.  'h^,   ■       .:  :.'..:.:,  ^:,,\     \n 


^Ai:'..-- 


■;-..'feli.-'K~i.' 


^i.    .^^tijAi-ii- 


1^0 


Of  the  United   P  r  d  v  i  k  c  e  i. 
Or  DVT CH  Republick. 


''i  .r.i' 


%•-.. 


T^^.  ^^/^''^  P'-^^f  ^^^are  r^^  becaufe  of  the  Unipn  which 

they  made  together  in  the  Year  i  ^79.  Thev  are  feafS  f m«!r3 

Sm  f;  '^■C>mtr»s,  between  the  Dominions  of  tlie  Kins  of 
Sp»m  m  FWff,,  and  many  Principalities  of  the  Empire  The  p£«; 
.oftbeEmpire,  which  are Neighbou^  to  them,  artrcl  of  S! 

burghf 


Pf. 

un 


3,  '..^ 


9 


« 


Of  the  Vnited  Provides, 


i6i 


hurgh  in  his  Dutchy  ofjuiters;  the  Elecflor  of  Rran/lefth$trgb\ah\s'DukC' 
doni  ofClcves ;  thcElecftot  of  Cologu,  the  Biftiop  of  A/««y?tfr,  the  Count 
of  Benfbeim,  and  the  Prince  of  Eaft-Fnefiand,  in  the  Territories  of  the 
fame  Name. 

The  U»if^<s?  Provinces,  which  formerly  acknowledged  the  King  of 
Spain,  afterwards  became  Independent  j  or,* to  fpeak  more  properly, 
£o  many  Commonwealths  of  themfcil/es,  which  yet  all  together  make 
up  but  one  Republick,  under  the  Title  of  The  United  Vrovivces  of  the 
Low-Countries  (^0  that  the  Dignity  remains  with  the  States-Generaljbut 
the  Abfolute  Authority  (  in  matters  excepted  in  the  Alliance  j  abides  in 
the  States  of  every  Province.  The  Arms  of  this  Comtnonwealth  is  a  Li- 
on holding  a  Bundle  of  feven  Arrows  clofe  tyed  together,  in  aliufion 
tofo  many  Provinces  Confederated  by  the  fame  Alliance..  And  yet  thefe 
Provincts  have  not  been  always  fo  well  United,  but  that  they  have 
fometimes  rather  refembled  a  Body  with  fo  many  Heads,  lome  of 
which  looked  one  way,  and  fome  another. 

There  is  no  Dominion  in  the  World  offo  fmall  an  Extent,  that  has 
fo  great  a  number  of  FortreJJ'es,  and  which  feems  to  be  better  Defend- 
ed by  the  Natural  Scituation  of  the  Countrey  it  felf ;  for  it  is  fortified 
by  the  Sea,  and  feveral  Rivers;  that  is  to  fay,  the  Rhine,  the  Meufe^thQ 
Waal,  the  IJJei  &c. 

Befides  the  United  Provinces,  and  the  Territories  belonging  to  them, 
the  States  have  certain  Towns  in  Brabant  and  Flanders,  They  have  in 
Flanders  the  SleucCy  Middelhrg,  Ardemhurgh,  the  Safs  of  Gaunt,  Axel) 
and  //«/^.  In  Brabant,  Lille,  BergenrOpzoom,  Breda,  Boifieduc,and  Grave, 
They  had  alfo  Dahf/i  and  Fau^jwimont  in  the  Dutchy  of  Limburgh ;  and 
Maefiricht  in  the  Bifhoprick  of  Liege ;  won  from  them  by  the  King  of 
France,  but  reltored,  and  at  this  prefent  in  their  poffeffion.  In  Germa' 
vy,  they  had  upon  the  Rhine,  Orlo/,  H^efel,  Reez,,  Emeric,  and  Genep, 
in  the  Dutchy  of  Cleves ;  and  Rbmeberg,  in  the  Eletlorate  of  Cologne. 
But  thofe  places  are  returned  to  the  right  Owners.  Upon  the  edge 
of  IVefiphalta,  they  have  a  Garifon  in  Embden,  and  in  the  Forts  of  £/- 
deler  and  Leer-ort,  which  belongs  to  the  Prince  of  Eajl-Priejland, 

Of  thefe  United  Provinces,  four  lye  toward  the  Weft,  Holland,  Zeland, 
Utrecht,  Que Ider land nn6  Zutphen,  Three  to  the  Eaft,  OveryJJ'el,  Friefland, 
and  Grmingen,  In  their  Aifemblies  thefe  Provinces  have  always  given 
their  Voices  in  this  Method,  Guelders  and  Zutphen(irf\;  then  Holland, 
Zeland,  Utrecht^  Friejland,  Over-Tjfel,  and  laftly,  Groningen,  with  the 
Ommelands,  Here  note,  that  Zutpben  is  reckoned  one  of  the  Seventeen 
Provinces,  but  makes  not  one  of  the  Seven,  being  comprehended 
under  Gelderlandi  fo  chac  chofe  who  will  have  ten  under  the  Spanifi 

Y  Jurifdicaion, 


■■4.. 


IW^fHPIimpppp 


r 


i62  ,  Of  theVmtU  Provwch, 

'  JurifdiAion,  muft  reckon  Cambray  for  one,  or  that  part  of  GeUcn 
which  yet  remains  fubjed  to  the  King  of  Spain. 

Each  Province  fends  their  Deputies  to  the  Haguey  where  they  com- 
pofe  three  Colleges  or  AlFemblies  ;  the  States-General,  the  Council  of 
^ State f  and  the  Chamber  of  Accounts,  In  the  Aflembliesof  the  States^ 
General,  it  behoves  all  the  Provinces  to  give  their  Confent  in  general  ^ 
and  particular,  to  the  Refolutions  there  taken,  there  being  no  fuch  * 
^  thing  among  them  as  Plurality  of  Voices.  Gueldres  takes  place  firft,  as 
being  the  Eldeft,  and  becaufe  her  Plenipotentiaries  firft  propos'd  the 
Union.  The  Admiralty  fits  in  five  places,  and  has  five  Magazines ;  at 
Roterdam,  Am^erdam,  Horn,  or  Enchyfen,  Middlebourgh,  and  Harltngen  ; 
the  three  firft  in  Holland,  the  fourth  in  Zeland,  and  the  fifth  in 
Friejland.  . 

Holland  (  faith  Sir  William  Temple)  is  a  Countrey  where  the  Earth 
is  better  than  the  Air,  and  Prt)fit  more  in  requeft  than  Honour ; 
where  there  is  more  fenfe  than  Wit ;  more  good  Nature  than  good 
Humour;  and  more  Wealth  than  Plearure;wherea  man  would  chufe 
rather  to  Travel  than  to  Live,  and  (hall  find  more  Things  l  Obferve 
than  Defire,  and  more  Perfons  to  efteem  than  to  Love. 

The  Earldom  of  Holland  and  Zeland,  together  with  the  Neighbour- 
ing Countrey  of  IVefi-FriJta,  was  given  unto  tbeodoric  Son  to  Sigebert 
Prince  oi  Aquitania,  by  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Bald.  ByArnulpb  their 
fourth  Prince,  quitting  the  French  Allegiance,they  were  firft  made  fub- 
jedl  to  the  Soveraignty  of  the  German  Emperors.  In  John  the  Second,  * 
became  added  to  the  Houfe  of  Hainalt.  In  fVilliam  the  Third,  to  the 
lAoMk  oi  Bavaria.  In  Thilip  thQ  Good,  to  that  of  Burgundy,  In  Philip  tliQ 
Second,  to  that  of  Aufiria;  in  whofe  Reign,  after  forty  years  War,  they 
were  acknowledged  a  Free  Eftate  by  his  Son  Philip  the  Third. 

The  Province  of 'Holland  is  of  moft  Power  and  Confideration.  as  gi- 
ving Name  to  all  the  reft;  It  is  fcituate  very  low,  and  therefore  fenced 
with  Banks  and  Ramparts  to  keep  out  the  Sea ;  it  is  alfo  fenny,  and 
full  of  Marfhes,  and  therefore  trenched  with  innumerable  Dikes  and 
Channels,  to  make  it  fit  for  Dwelling. 

Remarkable  indeed  is  the  Induftr^  and  Trade  of  the  Inhabitants ; 
that  having  little  or  no  Corn,  yet  they  are  always  provided,  not  only 
with  fufficient  for  their  own  Ufe,  but  to  fupply  their  Neighbours. 
Having  no  Timber  of  their  own,  they  fpend  more  in  Building  of 
Ships,  and  fencing  their  Water-courfes,  than  any  other  Countrey  : 
And  having  no  Flax  or  Wool  j.  they  make  more  Cloth  of  both,  forts, 
than  moft  Countries  in  Europe^ 


The 


Of  the  Vnited  Provinces. 


!(?, 


fej 


The  whole  compafs  of  this  Earldom  is  not  above  i8o  miles,  but  in 
breadth  no  where  above  three  hours  Journey  from  the  Sea. 

Amfierdamy  fcituate  on  the  Lake  or  Sea  called  Tie,  and  the  Dike  or 
Channel  called  Amftd^  in  Latin  Amfielodamuw  &  Amfterodamum  ; 
builc  upon  Piles,  like  Venice  \  and  by  the  late  Addition  of  the  new  to 
the  old,  may  now  vye  with  the  richeii;  andfaireft  Cities  of  the  world; 
famous  for  its  great  Trade  to  the  utmoft  parts  of  the  Earth ;  and  as 
infamous  tofome  for  its  Toleration  of  all  Religions.  'Tis  the  Market 
or  Shop  where  tlie  Rarities  and  Commodities  of  all  Countries  areex- 
pored>to  Sale. 

The  StaM'houfi  is  the  Prodigy  of  the  World,  and  a  Miracle  be- 
yond the  Seven  that  Antiquity  brags fo  much  of:  A  Building  of  great 
Magnificence,  and  as  vaft  Expence,  begun  in  the  year  1648.  and  in 
Augufi  1 6  f  y.  was  the  Dedication  of  it  folemnized.  In  a  Vault  under 
this  Stadt'houfe,  fecured  by  the  ftrongeft  Doors  and  Locks,  is  kept 
that  famous  Bank,  which  is  fuppofed  to  be  thegreateft  Treafure  either 
real  or  imaginary,  in  the  world.  It  is  certain  there  is  the  appearance 
of  infinite  Riches  in  Bars  of  Gold,  Silver,  and  inumerable  Bags  of 
Metals,  thought  to  be  all  Gold  and  Silver.  But  the  Security  of  this 
Bank  lies  not  in  thofe  EfFeds,  but  in  the  Credit  of  the  whole  Town, 
or  State  of  Amfierdam,  whofe  Stock  and  Revenue  is  equal  to  lome 
Kingdoms. 

Dort,  Dordracunti  pleafant  and  large;  fcituated  upon  four  Rivers, 
hath  thefirft  Voice,  as  the  Town  where  the  Earls  oi  Holland  And  their 
fubje(5i;s  reciprocally  bound  themfelves  each  to  another.  There  it  is 
that  they  Coin  their  Money,  and  their  Magiftrates  have  the  Privilege 
to  go  with  one  of  their  Guards.  In  the  Year  142  r.  of  a  City  upon 
the  Continent  it  became  an  Ifland,  through  a  moft  dreadful  Inunda- 
tion, that  Drowned  about  looooo  People  and  80  Villages.  Flarkm, 
Harkwurn,  is  the  place  where  the/ make  their  fineft  Linen  Cloth,  and 
the  whitelt  in  the  whole  Province.  Famous  for  the  Invention  of  Print- 
ing by  La-ivrence  Co/ler,  and  its  Inhabitants  for  breaking  <he  Pelufian 
Chain.  The  Duke  of  Aha  having  taken  it,  comniitted  very  great 
afts  of  bloody  Cruelty  therein.  Ddfh,  Delj\  or  DJ/r,  in  Latin  Delphi, 
or  Delfum,  is  the  Burying-placeofthe  Princes  of  Or<^w^«,  and  of  great 
Trade  for  Cloathing ;  famous  for  the  ftory  of  the  Storks,  who  cover- 
ing their  young  ones  in  the  fire- time,  all  perifhed  in  the  Flames ;  and 
infamous  for  the  Birth  of  DavtdGeorge,  who  called  himfelf  King  and 
Chrift,  who  died  in  iyy6  at  Bafdi,  and  three  years  after,  his  Bones 
were  taken  up  and  Burnt :  And  for  the  barbarons  Affaffination  of 
William  the  firft.  Prince  of  Orange,    Anno  i  y  5  6.  it  was  utterly  ruined 

Y  z  by 


.•c- 


1 64     '■'  '    Of  theVmtedFrovifiees.  '         -  " 

by  a  dreadful  Fire.  Anno  16^4,  ic  was  unaccountably  blown  np  by  a 
vaft  Magazine  of  Powder.  Leyden.  Ijiddunum,  RatuvorHmy  is  the  Eye, 
or  as  others  will  have  it,  the  Garden  of  Holland,  as  well  for  the 
cleannefs  of  their  Streets,  as  the  beauty  of  their  Houfes.  It  is  alfo 
famous  for  its  Antiquity,  for  its  Library,  and  the  Excellent  Edition 
of  Books  there  Printed ;  as  alfo  for  the  entire  Defeat  of  the  Spanijh 
Army.  In  this  City  was  born  that  Taylor,  who  to  his  ruin  was  made 
King  of  the  Anabaptifls  in  Munjier»  Strong  and  rich  Goude,  or  Gouda, 
has  this  advantage,  to  be  fcituated  among  Springs,  and  where  the  In- 
habitants en)oy  the  pureft  Air  in  all  Holland,  Roterdam,  Roterodamum, 
the  place  where  Erafmus  was  born,  is  the  beft  of  the  twelve  Cities 
which  they  call  fmall  ones ,  by  reafon  of  its  great  Trade  upon  the 
Meufe. 

The  Hague,  by  the  Dutch  Den  Haghe^  and  St.  Gtavenhagbe,  (  that  is 
the  Grove  of  the  Earls  or  Forelters),  in  Lat,  Haga  Comitis ;  ic  glories 
in  being  the  principal  Village,  and  as  delightful  a  place  as  moft  in  the 
world  I  highly  commended  for  the  breadth  of  its  Streets,  the  ftate- 
linefs  of  its  Buildings,  and  the  ihadinefs  of  its  Walks ;  and  for  the 
Princes  Palace,  and  for  the  A ffemblies  of  the  States-General. 

The  Brillf  Briela,  is  a  well  Trequented  Harbour  towards  the  South, 
in  the  Ifland  of  Foorn ;  the  reft  of  the  Coaft  is  all  Sands,  with  ibme 
(helter  for  Fiflier- boats,  with  the  Iflands  Overfiac  and  Gorre, 

There  is  alfo  the  rich  and  daily  Butter  and  Cheeie-Market  Gorkum 
Lat,  Goricbemumj  on  the  ff'ale ;  a  ftrong  place,  and  one  of  the  Keys 
of  Holland:  The  fair  and  commodious  Haven  ScbonhovenjoT  Scbonbovia. 
So  called  from  its  pleafant  Gardens. 

Ac  Scbevelmg  was  the  flying  or  failing  Chariot,  which  in  two  hours 
time  would  pafs  with  Eight  and  twenty  Perfons  from  Scbeveling  ta 
Putten,  which  is  about  42  Englijh  miles.  It  was  made  for  the  famous 
Prince  Maurice,  by  Siwon  Stevinus,  a  famous  Mathematician. 

Ceertydenherg  fmce  Anno  1611.  has  been  part  of  the  Patrimony  of 
tbe  Illuftrious  Houfe  of  Orange. 

Worcum,  or  M^oudrichmum,  the  principal  Town  in  the  Lordfliip  of 
Ahena,  part  of  the  PolTeflion  of  the  Ancient  and  Nobl^,'Family  of 
Home,  until  the  year  15" 68.  when  Philip  oi  Monmorency,  Earl  of 
Horn,  was  beheaded  at  Brufjeh  by  the  bloody  Aha.  Anno  1600  it 
was  fold  to  the  States  of  Holland. 

Levefhin  is  a  Cartle  at  the  confluence  of  the  Maes  and  l^VaeL 

Heufden  has  a  good  ftrong  Caftle,  but  in  Anno  1680.  the  Lightning 
in  the  night-time  piercing  the  Walls  of  t!ie  great  Tower,  fee  fiie  to 
the  vaft  Magazine  of  Powder,  which  blew  up  the  Tower  and  Caftle, 
and  great  part  of  the  Town.  Clundert 


.V 


fr< 


Of  theVnitedProvMeh. 


1^5 


ClnnJert  ftandsin  the  Ifle  of  Ru/genhill;  fortified  with  eight  BaOi- 
ons,  and  fome  Ravelins. 


Sevenhergenjsnow  SL  well  peopled  Vi|lage. 

irbour. 


Wtlkmfiadt  is  a  place  of 
confiderabfe  iirength,  and  a  good  Hai' 

IJfelfieyn  on  the  Holland  Iffel,  ovFoJJ'a  Drujianaf  now  under  the  Prince 
of  Orange,  well  fortified,  and  furrounded  with  Gardens  and  pieafanc 
Inclofure$.  Its  Trade  con  fifls  much  in  Cables  and  Cordage,  and  other 
like  ManufaAurcs. 

Vianen,  in  Lat.  Viana  &  Vianda,i\\t  neatnefs  of  whofe  buildings, as 
well  as  the  neiglibouring  fields,  advance  the  pleafantnefsof  the  place. 

Alfhen  is  fuppofed  to  be  the  Albiniana  Cajtra  of  Ant,  Roomburch  is 
callea  in  Vdferus's  Geographical  Tables,  Vratorium  Agrippma. 

WoeJen  is  a  ftrong  Town,  and  a  Poft  of  great  concern,  taken  by 
the  Frtncb,  Anno  i6j2.  quitted  Anno  i6j:i.  Oiielewater,  or  Veteres  Acjua, 
pleafantly  feated  upon  the  IJfel,  is  noted  for  thebeft  Hemp.  Schiedam 
is  a  place  of  confiderable  Antiquity,  faid  to  have  had  the  Privileges  o( 
a  City,  Anno  1274. 

Vlatrdingen,  or  FlaerMnga,  once  the  moft  ancient  and  beft  fortified 
Town  in  Holland. 

Ac  Naeltwjck  Frederic  Winceo^  Orange  built  a  Royal  and  Magnifi- 
cent Palace. 

At  Laufdiaiy  a  League  from  the  Hague,  is  the  Interment  of  Marga- 
ret Countefs  of  Henebergb,  and  her  56^  Children  born  at  one  birth, 
if  Reverend  Antiquity  may  command  our  affent  to  all  its  Stories  and 
Traditions.    - 

^    Muyden  upon  the  Vetcht,  in  the  late  Wars  was  made  one  of  the 
ftrongeft  Pofts  for  the  Defence  of  Holland. 

Wefefy  Wefpe,  or  I'fefop,  is  famous  for  its  Beer,  which  is  called  the 
Flemmijh  Pbj/pck. 

NaerdenK  a  (trong,  but  little  Town,  fortified  with  fix  Baflions,  yet 
in  Anno  1672.  the  Garifon  of  200  men,  at  the  firft  appearance  of 
the  French  threw  down  their  Arms  and  fied  to  Amfierdam^  which  is 
diliant  about  three  Leagues.  In  Augu/t  1673.  *'  ^^^  befieged  by  the 
Dutch  AUpy  of  2^000,  but  the  Garifon  of  3000  men  quickly  fur- 
rend:  ed  J  for  which  the  Governor  was  condemned  to  perpetual  Im- 
prifonment,  and  all  the  other  Oificers  cafhier'd.  In  Anno  1481.  thofe 
of  C7/rtr/)f  fur  prized  this  Town  (by  dreiling  up  a  company  of  Soldiers 
like  Countiey- women  going  to  Market),  and  compelled  the  Inhabi- 
tants to  pay  a  vaft  fum  of  Money  to  redeem  tlienifelves  and  houfes 
frofi!  the  ntinofl  extremities  of  Fire  and  Sword:  But  in  the  fame 
year  the  Naadtncrtikv/  15*00  UltrajeBins  upon  ths  fpor,  and  carried 

off 


/^. 


1^0  "^       of  the  Vnifed  Provinces,")  ^ 

off  a  great  Booty.   Anr.r  i  J72,  it  uirrendred  to  Frederic  oi  Toledo, 
who  ordered  all  the  Inhabitants  ro  meet  together  in  the  Market  or. 
Churci"*,  and  then  comn  .nded  his  Soldiers  to  cut  them  in  pieces. 

Alemaer,  encommpaffed  v/ith  Marflies;  when  the  Metropolis  of  ^f/?- 
Friejlafjdj  called  Jhe)7a ;  now  enrichedby  its  Butter  and  Cheefej  and 
adorned  with  extraordinary  ple-Tant  Garden-^.  Memorable  for  the 
Defeat  the  Inhabitants  gave  D.  At-ua^  merely  bcjaufe  he  gave  them  no 
way  to  efcape. 

Horn  upon  the  2u)der-Zee,  from  its  pleniy  of  rich  Villages,  and 
Pafture-grounds,  with  pleafaiit  Gardens  and  V/alks,  called  CorMcopia, 
hi  May  is  the  Fair  for  But*:er  and  Cheefe. 

Ediimy  Tdther  Tdam,  or  Tedam,  a  good  Haven,  is  noted  for  its  Build- 
ing of  Ships,  for  making  excellent  Checle^  and  for  the  Sea-Nymph, 
(  Anno  14; 0  )  that  learned  to  fpin 

Monnekedam  or  MonachnJani,  upon  the  fmall  River  Alonick, 

Turmerend^  formerly  belonged  to  the  Noble  Family  ol  x^QEgmond., 
but  fold  to  the  States,  Anno  1 590. 

Medewhlickjor  Medemlecky  whether  if  was  the  Seat  of  Radbodus  the 
famous  King  of  the  Frizovs,  is  uncertain;  but  its  commodious  Har- 
bours, capable  of  yoo  large  Ships,  are  of  great  profit  and  Reputation 
to  it. 

Eg-^:ond  i  a  pleafant  aiid  fine-built  Village,  and  gave  Title  to  one 
of  themoft  Ancient  and  lilufirious  Families  of  thefe  Countries. 

Bevervick  (  anciendy  called  St.  /iga:has  Church.) 

The  Tex  JjOi'TeJful'UUndj  abounds  with  all  manner  of  Neceflaries; 
and  having  a  gioat  influence  upon  the  entrance  into  the  Zuyder-Zecj 
the  States  have  built  there  a  ftrong  Fortrefs,  which  is  always  provi- 
ded witi-  a  good  G^.rifon. 

Flhlnul  or  Ululafia,  calkd  in  Lat.  flevolandia,  is  of  a  long  and  nar- 
iOVv' figure,  havin<^  only  one  fingle  Village  at  eadi  end. 

At  Schjyirg  the  Ejiglijh  burnt  and  fired  about  100  or  i  jo  of  the 
Dutch  Merchant- men,  with  lome  Men  of  War.  Thefe  three  Ifl^nds, 
together  with  fcveral  large  Banks  of  Sand,  lye  along  rlie  Moiriiof 
the  Zuyder-Zeej  and  in  Ibme  rneafure  break  the  ivA\  Affaults  of  the 
raging  Ocean,  making  two  ^ood  Mai  bouts,  'ViZ.  the  7t.vf/and  Flie. 

In  tne  IVienrg  are  divers  good  Villages,  feeding  Inrge  Flocks  of 
Sheep. 

Tlie  Art  and  Induflry  of  the  Dutch  have  ..inniieflcd  ihemfclves  in  a 
:hou(And  particulars,  bu:  in  Jiothing  moie  th.m  irf  their  putting  Bars 
to  the  Occ4fi,and  •     *    ■   • 
might  be  term'd  Inla 


in  djaining  of  Lakes  of  To  great  extent  that  they 
inland  ^ej« ;  fuch  \vere  tiic  Zyn  and  Bawjhr  in 


l^ih 


{h'Holhmd. 


njh 


The 


■pi 


of  theVniteslPrcvinch,  '    167 

The  SQUthern  Iflands  of  Holland  are,  i.  The  Overmaes,  oppofite  to 
Roterdam. 

2.  The  Foorrtf  wherein  ft^.nds  the  Brill,  or  Brebeet,  upon  the  mouth 
of  the  Rbine;^  which  w^s  called  Helim,  now  Ifjdel,  a  ftrong  and  well- 
fortified  Town,  one  of  the  Cautionary  Towns  pawned  by  the  Duub 
to  Queen  Eliz.ahetb,  and  reftored  by  King  James  the  I.  after  it  had 
been  garifoned  and  commanded  by  the  Englijh  about  30  years. 

5.  Goerc,  or  Goederee,  which  fignifies  a  good  ftaiion  for  Ships,  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Maes;  but  now  its  Port  is  much  obftruifted  wrth 
Sands,  andinfefted  with  a  Tempeftuous  Sea. 

4.  Overflacke  or  Ouervhckee,  comprehending  Several  Villages,  where 
is  good  Corn-land,  but  little  Pafture.  Thefe  Iflands  were  formerly 
par£*of  the  Province  of  Zeland\  but  upon  the  diftribution  of  a  Tax 
to  be  paid  to  the  Prince,  they  fubjeded  themfelves  to  the  States  of 
Holland. 

Zelandy  Zelandia,  is  the  Province  which  was  firft  fet  at  Liberty,  and 
laft  confented  to  the  Peace  with  Sfain-.  At  this  day  it  contains  the 
greateft  part  of  the  Prince  of  Orange^  Pofleffion.  That  of  Vacheren, 
Walacbria,  in  the  Map,  contains  ten  Dutch  miles  in  compafs,  is  the 
faireft  of  all  in  the  Low  Countries,  with  the  City  of  Middkburgh,  the 
Capital  City  of  the  Province,  and  the  Staple  for  Wines;  a  Ihong 
and  large  Empory.  Fluflnng,  Fltjfmga,  the  Key  of  the  Net  ho  lands,  is 
alfo  a  good  Harbour.  Once  an  Englijh  Garifon,  and  a  Cautionary 
Town,  delivered  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  Anno  1^8^.  and  rertored  by 
King  James  Anno  1616;  where  the  Renowned  Sir  Vbilip  Sidney  vj3ls 
the  firft  Governour,  and  died  in  that  Service.  The  ftrong  Sea-Town, 
Vere,  or  Ter-Vere^  Versa  Lat,  having  many  Staples  for  Herring  and  other 
Commodities  J  Famous  for  the  moft  Noble  and  Illuftrious  Family  of 
the  Veres,  once  Earls  of  Oxford.  Zeeburgb,  or  Rammekens,  is  ,i  {!"C^ng 
Fort  and  good  Harbour,  engaged  to  the  Englijh,  but  reftored  to  the 
Dutchy  together  with  the  Bnll  and  Fluflmg. 

The  fecond  Ifland  is  Scbowen,  Scaldia,  Lat.  containing  fix  miles  in 
Circuit;  its  chief  Town  is  Zerick-Zei,  or  Zirr^ee,  noted  for  Madder 
and  Salt;  and  Hroverfiiavcn,  inhabited  by  FHhermen;  here  was  firft 
invented  thcMartingof  Herrings.  The  third  is  Ziuit-Bi'vitLndy  or 
South  7:.  ■tluhd,  vvhofe  only  Town  of  note  is  Goes,  or  Ter-Goes.  The 
fourch  is  i'uudtDidy  or  D/tymland,  named  thus  from  the  abundance  of 
Pigeons  there  breeding.  It  Hath  no  Town  of  Note,  but  is  memo- 
fjble  for  the  'old  palVage  ot  the  Spaniards  under  Mondr^gon  crofs  the 
Se.''_,  in  the  -  \v  ifT^j  and  for  that  in  the  year  1^20.  it  was  over- 
wlicimcd  wi:h  a  deluge  of  waters.    Nonb  Bivdand,  once  termed 


pppl 


mm 


■pp^i^" 


^^ 


Of  theVnittdProvimes* 

Zeeland\  Garden  of  Delights,  but  in  that  fatal  Inundation  of  in^> 
it  was  entirely  overwhelmed  by  the  Sea  j  but  lince  above  2000  Acres 
of  Land  have  been  gained  from  the  Sea. 

Tolen  is  an  Ifland  fo  called  from  a  Town  of  that  Name,  divided 
from  Brabant  by  a  narrow  Creek  or  Arm  of  the  Sea.  The  more  an- 
cient Inhabitants  of  thefe  Iflands  were  the  Mattiaci  oi Tacit m.  They 
contain  in  all  8  Walled  Towns,  and  about  100  Villages.  The  Coun- 
trey  is  low,  flat,  and  Marfliy,  rich  in  Corn  and  Pafturage,  unhealthful 
and  fubje(fl  to  Inundations,  being  kept  in  and  defended  from  the  Sea 
by  Banks. 

The  Biftioprlck  or  Lordlbip  of  Utrecht ,  JJtr'tceftum  Amm.  was  firft 
occafioned  by   one  Wtlkhrodi  an  Anglo-Saxon,  the  Apoftl-?  of  thofe 
parts,  and  firft  Bi (hop  hereof  about  the  year  611.  during  th.';  Regen- 
cy of  Vepn  the  Fat,    The  Succeflbrs  of  this  Willihrod^  by  the  Libe- 
rality of  the  Vrmch  Kings  and  German  Emperors,  attained  unto  as 
well  the  Temporal  as  the  Spiritual  Jurifdidtion,  together  with  that 
of  OveryJJelj  until  Charles  the  Fifth,   who   by  the  confent  of  Henry 
Count  Palatine,  then  Biihop,  feized  upon  the  whole  Temporal  Domi- 
nion hereof,  leaving  only  the  Spiritual  to  the  Prelates,  which  alfo 
fmce,  by  the  Ufurpation  of  the  States,  hath  likewile  been  taken  from 
them.  It  has  a  Capital  City  of  the  fame  Name,  inhabited  for  the 
moft  part  by  tb^  Nobility  of  the  Countrey:  But  its  greateft  Glory 
for  feveral  Ages  was,  its  being  the  Seat  of  one  of  the  moft  Ancient 
and  moft  powerful  Bifhops  in  the  Chriftian  World :  Firft  called  hfe- 
rius  Trajeifunty  or  UltrajeBttm  j  Utriccfium^  Amm.  ;  feated  fix  horary 
miles  from  Am^erdaniy  upon  the  old  Channel  of  the  Rhine ;  now  di- 
verted into  the  Lech.  Mr.  Ray  tells  us,  That  it   was,  Anno   1665,  en- 
virnoed  with  a  thick  and  high  Wall,  and  a  deep  Trench  ;  yet  in  the 
year  i6-'2,  the  Ultra je^ms  fubmitted  to  the  Frenchlong  before  it  could 
be  fummoned ;  which  Civility  coft  them  a  Million  668000  Gilders^ 
(  that  is,  above  160000  /.  ferling)  which  was  exad:ed  of  them  In 
Contributions  between  June  1672,  and    November   1675  >  befides 
200000    Rix  Dollars  for  a  Viaticum  or  Foy  at   the  departure  of  the 
French.    There  is  alfo  the  Thorowfare  Rfmjcn,  the  fair  and  Itrong 
jimersfcrty  the  Frontier-Town  Montfort.    Wtck  de  Dmrfiede,  the  Bat.i- 
vodurum  ofJac.  &Ttol.  Diirc(fatum&  Dmcfiadinm,  Lat.  They  reckon 
about  Utrecht  ^6  Cities,  to  the  farthcft  whersot  you  may  go  by  Wa- 
ter from  Utrecht  in  one  day. 

I'he  Province  of  Guelden,  Gueldrij,  cr  Gueldreey  was  firft  fctnied  by 
two  Broihcrs J  TVie hard  and  Luppola^  li.ft  made  Guardians  of  the  Coun- 
try by  the  Inhabitants  in  the  Reign  of  the  Emperor  Cbailes  the  Bald, 

It 


t^» 


en- 


' 


Of  theVHitidProvintet,  169 

It  was  made  an  Earldom  by  the  Emperor  Henry  the  Third,  made » 
Dukedom  by  the  Emperor  Lewis  of  Bavaria,  k^ttr  the  deceal'e  of C^<»r/e* 
g{  Egmond,  the  laft  Duke,  by  compofition  between  him  and  C(&<ir/«the 
FifthEmperor,  this  Province,  with  the  Earldom  of  2iifp/&<r»,  united  for 
a  long  time  in  the  Houfe  of  the  Dukes  of  GelJerland,  defcended-upon  ' 
the  Emperor  Charles  iHe  Fifth,  and  added  by  him  to  his  other  Pro- 
vinces of  the  Netherlands  under  Phlip  the  Second  j  the  greateft  part 
Hiook  of  the  Spanijh  Yoke,  and  now  -with  Zuiphen  governed  in  man- 
ner of  a  Free  E(late,  confederated  with  the  reft  oftheUnited  Provinces, 
A  third  part  of  Gelderland  excepted,  where  ftands  the  Towns  of  Rure^ 
mond^  Loyal ;  Gelders,  Martial ;  Fenlo,  Strong ;  IVatchtendum  and  5rr<i- 
Un,  remaining  yeft  fubjed  to  the  Arch-Duche(s ,  or  Spaniards ;  who 
in  the  Year  1627.  attempted  in  vain  to  bring  the  Rhine  to  the  City  _ 
of  Geldria,  and  into  the  Metiji,  to  deprive  the  Untted  Provinces  of  the 
"Tr0dc  of  Germany.  Ntm^bev^  Novicmagus  al.  Ntomagm^  the  Capital 
City  of  the  Dutchy  of  Gueldria,  the  Oppidum  Batavorum  of  Tacitus,  ., 
from  whence  Ctvilit,  after  a  fatal  overthrow  given  him  by  the 
Roma*'  fled  with  his  Army  into  the  Ifland  of  nhe.Batavi,  iiow 
called  ^  Q  Batuvfe,  or  Betaw.  It  was  one  of  the  three  Palaces 
of  Charles  the  Great,  and  Lewts  the  Pious;  as  al(b  of  the  fuc- 
ceeding  Emperors  for  four  Age&;  Repaired  by  Frederick  the  firft  , 
Sirnamed  Ahtnobardus,  1 1  f ;.  taken  by  Prince  Maurice  in  the  Year 
if9Z.  In  July  1672.  furrendred  to  th^^French  upon  none  of  thebefi; 
Terras :  but  in  April  1 674.  given  up  by  the  French  upon  the  ranfome  > 
of  82000  Rixdollars  for  it  and  the  Betaw.  Memorable  for  the  Ne- 
gotiation of  the  Peace  which  was  concluded  about  the  end  of  78.  and 
the  beginning  of  79.  Nimeguen  the  Ancient,  Ruremond  the  Great,  Zut* 
pben  the  Rich,  ai  1  Arnheim,tht  Pieafant,  are  the  four  chief  Cities  of 
the  four  Quarters  of  Gelderland.  Ruremond  upan  the  mouth  of  the  Ri- 
ver Roer;  Ruremunda,  Lat.  taken  from  the  Spaniard,  Ann.  Dom.  1652.  ' 
but  reftored  by  the  Peace  of  Munfier. 

Arnheim,  th&  Arenacum  ofTacittts/is  the  Capital  City  of  the  Fr/dii;,  or 
Feluwe,  and  thi^Seatofthe  Supream  Council  of  the  Dukedom  of  G^/- 
der,  walled  about,  and  fortified  in  the  Year  12;  5.  deftroyed  by  Fire 
Ann.  if2f.  feated  on  the  right  fide  of  the  Rhine,  about  two  German- 
miles  from  Ntmegueny  and  as  many  from  Doeskw^.  One  of  the  heft 
fortified  Towns  in  all  the  Provinces ;  yet  attack'd  and  furrendred  to 
the  French  in  the  fame  day,  72.  but  for  170000  Gilders  re  delivered, 
with  the  whole  Velav,  ,.,  - 

The  Province  of  Zutphsn  bears  the  fame  Name  with  the  Capital  Ci- 
ty, aiid  palTcs  ibmetimeii  for  a  fourth  part  of  the  Duchy  oi"  (ieUert,  ' 

-^  having  • 


■'       •.vi 


H^MIHIIipiWIIIPVPip 


17a  Of  theVnitedPYovtmh, 

having  no  Voice  in  the  Affembly  of  the  States-General,  but  only  con- 
joined with  this  Ducliy.  In  the  Siege  of  which  was  flain  that  Ho- 
nour of  Chivalry,  and  Mirror  of  Learning,  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  Other 
Towns  in  GeUria  are  the  ftrong  and  encompalled  Frontier  Bommel,  &^ 
Bommeliaj  Lat.  with  the  ]^rts  of  St.  Andrew  and  Voorn  making  it  im- 
pregnable f  yet  taken  by  the  French  1672.  but  quitted  again  in  1675* 
after  14  days  fpentin  ruining  its  t'ortifications,  and  36000  Gilders, 
or  3600  pound  Englifh  paid  for  their  kindnefi. 

Battenborg^  Lat.Arx  Bato'vorwn.Tielyiht  unheal  thyj  fi«re»,  belonging  t6 
the  Prince  of  Orange,  The  Town  and  County  of  Culenhurg,  the  Forts 
Knotfenhurgy  Scbevck-Seonce,  and  TolbuySf  are  confiderable;  Hadenvsck 
and  Ell>wg  upon  the  Zuydir-Zeey  Hattem  upon  the  IJfel,  and  PTage- 
ningen  Upon  the  Rhine,  are  the  chief  Towns  m  jh-nheim  quarter;  And 
Dflej^wr^Difmantl'd  by  the  French  in  Apil  167^. 

Grollj  the  ftrongeft  Hold  in  the  County  ofZutfhen,  yet  yielded  after 
Tcry  little  refiftance  to  the  Biihopof  Munfier,  Jum  the  9th  1672. 

Marftiy  and  Fenny  ffrevocrt,  yet  taken  by  Prince  ^Maurice  Ann.  i  f  97. 
aow  by  Pawn  or  Mortgage  in  the  jppfleiiionof  the  Prince  o(  Orange, 

Over-IJfttl,  or  Trans  IjJ'allania,  (k)  called  from  ks  Scituation  be* 
yond  the  IJJell)  where  the  Rhine  and  that,  Ihare  their  Streami  toge- 
ther, by  means  of  a  Channel  which  Drufm  formerly  niade.  It 
is  divided  into  three  parts  ;  the  Twente,  Tjfellandy  and  Drent,  in  which 
are  contained  11  Town.",  and  100  Villages;  the  prind pal  of  which 
are  Dcventer,  Lat.  Daventria,  an  Imperial  Hans-Town,  being  a  famous 
Pailage  over  the  Iffel;  takenfor  the  States  by  the  Earl  ofi Leicester,  Anno 
1^86.  but  furrendred  by  Sir  ffilliam  Stanley,  Ann.  1^87.  to  the  5;><t- 
niards ;  recovered  by  Prince  Maurice,  Ann.  1^91.  but  in  the  fatal  Year 
1 672.  it  was  taken  by  the  Bifliop  of  Munfier,  or  rather  betrayed  by  the 
Artifices  of  one  Cello  jel  Broer/ma  j  upon  the  Divifion  of  the  Conquered 
places  between  the  Military  Prelates,  chisfelltothe/hareof  theBifhop 
of  Collen,  by  whoRi  it  was  quitted  in  April  1674.  to  the  States  for 
42000  Rix. Dollars, 

Camptn  Lat.  Campi  &Car»pa,  feated  atthe  Confluence  of  the  I[fel 'in- 
to the  ZuydiT'Zee ;  its  main  ftrength  lies  in  its  Marftiy  Scituation :  up- 
on the  treacherous  Surrender  of  Daventer,  iCyi.  this  capitulated,  and 
yielded  up  it  felf;  upon  di'vifion  it  fell  to  the  French,  who  about  the 
hitter  end  of  167^.  quirted  it  for  Bcooo  Gildws. 

Su'ol  is  fortified  with  double  WallSj  double  Ditches,  and  very 

ftrong  Ramparts  and  Bulwarks,  and  is  a  place  of  great  Traflick..    In^ 

Avyd  1674.  it  was  quitted  of  the  Biftiop  of  Cokn'i  Garifon,  but  the 

^Jk^urgraalieis,  and  Ibmc.  others  oftiieTown,  were  fen  t  toTl^/^f// r/V-6r, 

V  there 


"ip^ 


0/  tli  %)ttited  FtoifhUiih 


%^t 


there  to  femaitt  Prifoners  till  fuch  time  as  the  City  had  paid  looooo 
Gildersforits  ranfome. 

Thefc  three  Towns  are  in  that  part  which  is  called  YjfellanJ," 
:    OUenzyl,  Lat,  Olden/alia  &  OUfalia,  the  Seat  of  the  ancient  Salii^  of 
no  great  krength  nor  magnttude^  yet  fubje^  to  frequent  Changes  in 
die  Spaniffi  Wars. 

Otma^tHy  by  Trkhmina,  (aid  to  be  founded  by  Odowarus  King  of  the 
Francs,  from  whom  it  had  its  denomination. 
'^•^    VaUmbovetiy upon  th&Zuydtr^Zeey  is  a  nea£  and  handfome  Town,  well 
feated  for  the  importation  of  Corn. 

Steemvyck  a  fmall  Town,  but  well  fortified  by  Prince  Maurke,  who 
reoovered  it  from  the  Spaniards  1^92,  Towards  the  end  of  167;.  ic 
was  forc'd  to  pay  a  Ranfome  of  loooo  Gilders  to  the  BiHiop  of  Mua- 
fitrh  Forces,  and  yet  they  ruined  the  Fortifications,  and  blew  up  the 
two  Gates  and  the  Ammunition-Houfe.  Thefe  are  in  the  twsnre,  Lau 
Twentia  df  Tubantioi  ,--ii«{;,  .,-    'k-^-k:-: 

The  County  of  Duent  conlifts  much  in  Marte  and  Heath;  but  the 
two  great  Fens  called  SmiUer-Vsenen,  and  Echteneenetf,  affords  the 
Fuel-Turf,  which  is  conveyed  in  great  quantities  to  Holla^dy  and  the 
ptjts  adjacent.  Coeverden  is  the  dhief  place  of  thi3  County,  and  for 
ftrcngthinferbr  to  none  in  Europe^  jet  not  abov^  6  jo  pacesin  compafs; 
yet  commands  all  the  confiderable  PafFes  thereabouts.  It  is  memora- 
ble for  many  Sieges  in  the  Spanifh  Wars,  too  tedious  to  relate.  In 
Ann.  167a.  it  was  fortified  with  a  large  deep  double  Dirch,  with  ve- 
ry highaud  ftrong  Ram  parte,  defended  with  7  good  Baft  ions,  bearing 
the  Names  of  the  7  Prox'inces,^  with  well-wrought  Parapets,  Faufe 
Brays,  and  other  Outworks,  and  a  Gaftle  efteemed  impregnable,  yet 
yielded  to  the  Bilhop  of  Munfter  in  Julyt  before  ic  bad  been  at  the  ex- 
pence  of  one  man*s  life  in  defence  of  fo  conii^erablea  Fortrefs.  In 
Decimher  following  the  Dutch  by  a  kind  of  a  private  furprize  re- 
took it. 

Groningen,  comprehending  the  Omlands,  is  but  ot  fmall  extent,  where 
there  is  nothing  more  rare  than  Stones  and  Wood  j  fo  that  their  Fuel 
is  Turf,  which  they  dig  in  great  abundance.  The  Air  is  (harp  and 
who'lfome.  The  Metropolis  of  this  Province  is  Groningcnj  or  Gronin- 
ghen ,  commodioufly  feated  for  Water  and  Land  Carriage :  Anno 
161A.  was  an  Univerfity  founded  here  by  the  Provincial  States;  actlw 
entrance  into  thepublick  School  is  this  Infcription,,  Fac  eaqutewnriera 
faBafmffe  volts.  The  Refiftance  made  by  the  Gromnghert  in  the  Year 
1672,  not  only  raifed  the  Siege,  but  obtained  theRcw.udof  a  dou- 
ble Vote  in  the  Grand  Council  of  State  of  the  United  Provinces,    Other  , 

Z  2  Places 


xji        r>         OftheV»hedProv$Heefi7r 

Places  are,  BcurtangTort,  BtltickyJVoUtr'Scome,  1^wfck{en,^ni Lartgaeker 
Sconces.  MidufoU,  once  a  flouriHiing  place,  but  now  altnoft  ruined  bf 
theoucragtous  Dallart,  which  about  406  y^ars  ago  fpread  it  felf  upon 
the  Ruines  of  3 ;  good  Villages.  Di»»,  ^  Dehbz.ilj  are  the  two  moft 
confidei  able  places  in  the  OmlanJs.  The  laflr  is  a  very  good  Havea 
111  the  Year  1672.  th^  Dutch  Eaft  India  Fleet  of  14  Ships,  whofe  Lan- 
ding was  valued  at  1600000  pound  Sterling  ,  had  been  taken  by  the 
Englijh,  had  they  not  got  into  this  Port, 

fy'efi-FruJland  was  a  Country  formerly  much  lareet  than  now:  The 
Ancient  Friz^ont  were  pofTeflbrsof  the  Provinces  ot  Priejlattd^  Groningeh., 
Overyifel,  fVefiphalia,  and  North-HoUand,  called  then  IVeft-Fryjlandy  and 
coriiiguous  to  the  Province  of  Friejland:  For  the  Zuyder-Zee,  which  i$ 
r.oc  found  in  the  Writings  of  the  Ancients,  was  formecjby  fomegre^t 
Inundation,  breaking  in  between  the  Texell  and  the  other  Iflands, 
which  are  but  the  broken  remainders  of  a  continued  Coa/l.  It  is  now 
divided  into  three  parts,  viz^  Ooftergo,  ff^ejhrgo,  and  Seven-woiden,  or 
the /even  Fore/^s;  which  comprehends  two  Cities,  12  Prefe<Slures, 
127  Tillages.  ^  ^ 

The  two  Cities  are,  i.  Leewarden,  Lewardia  dr  LeovarduWy  the  largeft, 
richeft,  and  beft  built  City  in  the  Province,  and  ttrongly  fortified ;  en- 
joying the  benefit  of  many  large  Navigable  Channels,  honoured  with 
the  Supream  Court  and  Chancery. 

Jorckum,  or  Docum,  well  fortified.  The  Guild-  Hall  and  Bridge  are 


2. 


moft  confiderable ;  it  was  the  Refidence  for  the  Colledge  of  Admiral- 
ty, now  tranflated  to  Harlingmy  a  Haven  Town,  and  well  fortified, 
and  may  eafily  be  overflowed  by  the  help  of  their  Sluces. 

Francktry  or  Franicberia,  is  an  Univer.'jry,  encompaffed  with  a  good 
Wall  and  Ditch,  and  defended  with  a  ftrong  Caftle, 

Snee^k  is  an  ancient,  populous,  neat- built  and  well-fortified  Town; 
Biilfv^aert  is  encircled  with  good  Corn,  and  Pafture  Fields. 

Of  Stavenny  m  Lat.  Stavia  d^  Stavordia.  The  Friez,tflj  Wi  iters  tell  us, 
that  it  was  nor  only  the  Metropolis  of  the  Cmntry,  and  chief  Seat  of 
their  Kings,  but  the  largeft  and  moft  famous  Empory  of  both.  Ger- 
manies, 

Tiiacliief  Commodities  of  tl.^N'cural  growth  of  thefe  Provinces 
are  Butter  and  Cheefe  j  the  vzl\  being  Manufacflurics  which  they  make 
out  of  (lich  M.iteri,ils  as  they  fete'  ^»i  of  other  Countries;  But  the. 
CoTimodity  that  hAtn  been  of  gpeateft  advantage  to  them,  is  Fifl>; 
and  that  not  caught  upon  their  own  Coaft  neither.  Their  Herring- 
Trade,  by  computation,  is  worth  450000/,  ftr  Anmmv  And  tiiat  of 
Cid-fjh  I  ^0000  }.  .V/tr/.  yearly. 

Cjcnerally 


mm 


JWiii'il 


•/.I 


Of  the  VftitedProvhces, 


^73 


Generally  the  people  are  inclined  to  Navigation  ,  and  a  Sea  faring 
Life;  and  many  being  born  on  Shipboard,  and  bred  up  at  Sea^know 
no  other  Country ;  fo  that  their  natural  inclination,  and  necefltty  of 
employing  themfelves  that  way,  hath  exceedingly  increafed  their 
Shipping :  fo  that  'tis  thought  they  areMafters  of  more  Ships  and  Vef- 
felsof  all  forts,  than  almoftail  Europe  beM^s, 

But  that  which  is  the  juf^  admiration  of  all  men,  thefe  Seven  Trov'mees 
are  become  greater,  and  more  potent  than  Seventeen,  in  riches  and 
power :  Nay,  they  have  outdone  fome  of  the  greateft  Princes  in  £«* 
ro^.  Their  Cities  are  many  and  fplendid  ;  and  yet  rhere  are  more 
Sedts  among  them  than  Cities,  and  almofV  as  many  Creeds  as  Heads; 
y6t  fo  wife  in  their  Meetings,  as  never  to  difcourfe  of  Religion.  Their 
Country  ( in  general  for  its  Dimenfions  )  is  fuller  of  People,  Cities, 
Towns,  Caftles,  Forts,  Bulwarks,  &c,  for  Military  Defence,  than 
any  one  Country  in  Europe.  Their  Naval  Forces  prodigious,  befitting 
Wonders  rather  than  Words;  even  a  terror  to  the  great  Princes  of  the 
World.  For  their  Trade,  it  far  exceeds  that  of  the  Neighbouring 
Princes;  and  in  the  Oeconomy  of  it  much  more  prudently  managed  : 
To  every  Town  they  aflign  fome  Staple  Commodity ;  as,  to  Dort,  the 
German  Wines,  and  Corn ;  to  Middkburg,  the  French  .tud  Spanifb 
Wines;  t©  Rotterdam  formesly^  now  to  Dort,  the ^Engltjh  Cloth:  Ta 
Harlew,  Knitting  and  Weaving,  &c.  which  maketh  their  Towns  fc 
equally  rich  and  populous. 

One  Miraculous  Accident  I  muft  not  forget,  becaufe  mentioned  by 
all  Writers,  "jiz.  That  Margaret,  Sifter  to  Earl  Floru  the  4th,  being, 
about  42  yejrsof  Age,  brought  forth  at  one  Birth  565'  Children, 
half  Males,  and  half  Females,the  odd  one  a  Hi^rmaphrodite\  they  were  all 
Chriftened  by  v?«/^fl Suffragan  to  theBifhop  of  Utrecht ^  in  two  Bafons, 
which  are  yet  to  befeen  at  the  Church  of  Lajdmen^  the  Males  Jti», 
the  Females  Eliz,abttb ;  imnKuiately  alter  they  all  died,  and  their  Mo' 
ther^lfo.  ,   , 


\ 


Of 


<74 


Of  the  SPANISH 


Netherlands. 


,-i.r.^ 


•       r 


THESE  Provinces  arcfo  called,  becaufe  fubje<St  toth  Monarchy 
of  Spain.  Ic  carries  alfo  the  Nameof  F/<«»</erj,  froi '  that  Pro- 
vince which  is  thefaireft ,  the  richeft,  and  the  beft  Peoj  »Bd  part. 

■Of  thefe  Spanifl)  Provinces,  four  areFrc^ntiersof  Frrf««j  the  Coun- 
ties of  FlanJers,  Artoif,  Hainault,  and  the  Duchy  of  Luxemburg.  Five 
ip  thetniddlcj  vt^,  ThQDvk^^om^ Brahant,  the  Marquiniteuf  the 

lilimMre, 


Of  ske  Sfsm/b  NetkerUndr. 


tfi 


■Mf* 


.'T^« 


Empire,  the  Signiory  of  Malines ^the  County  of  Namitr,  and  theDutchy 
of  Limhurgh,  There  are  alfo  two  Feifs  of  the  Empire,  the  Bifhoprick 
of  Liegt,  and  the  Archbifhoprick  of  Camhray.  The  Kings  of  .S;><ii» 
were  onceMafters  ofthefe  Provinces,  and  for  the  prefervation  thereof 
have  expended  a  good  part  of  their  Gold  and  Silver  brought  from 
the  Indies,  in  the  Wars  they  maintained  againft  the  Dutch  and 
French, 

The  County  of  Flanders,  Flandria  Latim,  Vlaenderen  by  the  Inha- 
bitants, Flandre  French,  Flandes  Spaniards,  &  Flandr a  Italians,  isfofuH 
of  People,  that  it  feems  to  be  but  one  great  City,  and  the  lovelieft 
Country  in  Chriftendom  ;  enjoying  a  good  and  wholfome  Air,  and 
well  water  d  by  a  great  number  of  Rivers.  All  along  the  Coafts  lie 
banks  of  Sand,  that  cover  very  Rich  places.  In  the  Neighbouring  Sea 
are  fcveral  Sands  and  Shelves,  neverthelefs  Ships  ride  there  fafe 
enough.  It  formerly  was  divided  into  Dutch  Flanders,  GaUiean  Flan* 
ders,  and  Imperial  Flanders ;  This  belonged  fometimes  uno  the  King- 
dom oifVeft  France,  and  held  by  the  Princes  thereof  under  the  Fief  of 
this  Crown ;  quitted  unto  Vhiltpxht  Second  King  of  Spain^  and  to  the 
Heirs  of  the  Houfe  of  Burgund)  by  Hemy  the  Second  King  of  France,  and' 
the  League  of  Cawbray,  ^ 

In  Flanders,  the  principal  places  are  Gaunt,  Gandaurum,  Gbendt  & 
Gand  by  the  French,  one  of  the  biggcft  Cities  of  Europe:  But  though 
it  hath  feveral  Rivers  that  ftill  bring  a- Trade  to  it,  yet  has  it  not  the 
five  and  thirty  thoufand  Families  tliat  anciently  it  had,  when  it  was 
able  to  Arm  four  and  twenty  thoufand  men.  'Tis  famous  for  the  Birth 
of  Charles  the  Fifth,  and  of  John  Duke  of  Lanca/fer,  commonly  called* 
John  of  Gaunt.  The  Cathedral  is  a  ftately  Stru<5tuf e.  In  the  Tower 
BeOefort  hangs  tlie  Bell  Roland,  faid  to  weigh  12000  pound.  The: 
Church  of  St.  Ba'vo  is  the  chief;  That  of  St.  Michael  is  femous  for  ex- 
cellent Paintings. 

0{^endj  Oftenda,  is  a  Town  whofe  Haven  they  can  never  block- . 
up,  and  which  was  once  the  Theater  of  War,  when  it  held  out  a*. 
Siege  for  above  three  years,  too  long  for  the  Arch-Duchefs  not  to  (hift: 
her  Smock,  being  Garifonedby  the  Englijh,  and  under  Sir  Horatio  Vere, 
who  was  then  Governour  thereof,  at  which  Siege  the  5/'«»wr//j  are  faid* 
to  have  loft  one  hundred  thoufandmen.  After  the  Town  was  yielde^> 
up,  there  appeared  nothing  but  a  mifliapen  Chaos  of  Earth.  Trenches- 
filled  up,  Curtains  beat  down,  Bulwarks  torn  in  pieces. 

Lille,  Gal.  Vljle.  heel.  RyJJel,  or  Tor  IJf el,  uipon  Dole,   the  Capital; 
of  Walloon- Flanders,  is  one  of  the  belt  \i\.ihQ  Low-Countries,  by  reafon 
of  its  Wealth  and  Strength,..  " 

Tmrvayj 


'  t 


G 


176 


Of  the  SpMnifi  NetMthds. 


Tourney^  Tontacum,  &  Dornick^  Bfi^anum  of  Pt$t,  Civit.  TuntaeeV' 
fiHtn  of  Ant,  an  Ancient  City ;  is  mr,  great,  f^rong,  rich,  and 
well-peopted:  This  was  the  firft  Town  chat  fubbmicted  to  the 
King  of  Vravct^  after  a  formal  Siege,  who  has  fet  up  a  Parlia- 
ment, and  built  a  very  ftrong  Cittadel  to  fecure  it.  It  is  obferved 
of  Toitrnayt  that  it  was  taken  four  feveral  times  upon  St.  Andrew's  day. 
By  Henry  the  Eighth,  King  of  England.    2.   By  ^he  Emperor 


I. 


Maximilian  the  Firft.  3.  By  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth.  4.  By 
the  Duke  of  Parma,  if  81.  Yielded  to  the  French,  An,>i66j.  Douay, 
or  Duacum  upon  the  Scatfe,  is  conHderable  for  its  Extent^  Strength, 
Trade,  and  Seminary  of  £«^////j  Roman-Catholicks.  Anno  i667.Tur- 
rendred  to  the  fV^wcA  after  the  ftiort  Oppofition  of  three  days.  The 
Church  of  Nofiredam  is  about  i2oo  years  old :  It  is  a  Staple  of  Corn, 
and  honoured  with  an  Univerdty.  Oudenaerd,  fcicuate  upon  the  Scheldt 
is  one  of  the  faired  Towns  in  this  Province,  both  for  Scituation  and 
Trade,  commanded  by  a  high  Hill,  taken  by  the  Fr^fjcifr,  1667.  in  left 
than  24  hours;  altho  it  colt  the  Prince  of  P<»r»»<»  two  months. y^»»tf 
1682.  reftored  to  the  Dutch  by  the  Nimeguen-T  teaty:      . '  iv* -i  .r 

Courtray,  feated  upon  the  Lis,  is  a  Hold  of  great  importance^  and 
well  fortified  by  the  French ,  who  took  it  a^er  a  fli(JI"t  Siege,  An, 
1667.  The  Inhabitants  are  excellent  at  Diapering  of  Linnen. 

Dunkirk,  Duneiuerca^  or  Duinkirk,  faid  to  be  built  about  the  year ' 
966.  It  is  one  or  the  Five  Ports  of  Flanders,  once  confiderable  for  its 
Herring-Filliing,  more  for  its  Privateering.  ,    . 

Anno  in?*  C'mrles  the  Vth.  built  a  Fortrefs  here;  Anno  iff 8.  it 
was  raJien  and  burnt  by  the  French.  Anno  if  83.  it  was  fuprized  by 
Chamois ,  who  commanded  a  Regiment  in  the  Town ;  not  long  after 
it  was  yielded  up  to  the  Prince  of  Parma,  having  endured  all  the 
Extremities  of  a  Sipge.  Anno  i  f  90.  Prince  Maurice  endeavoured  in 
vain  to  furprife  it  by  Scalado.  Anno  1647.  it  was  after  a  troublefbme 
Siege  taken  by  the  Prince  of  Conde,  with  a  great  iofs  of  men,  and 
the  Expenceof  feme  £w^A/fe  Blood.  In  Augufi,  i6f2  it  was  be- 
fieged  by  Ach-Duke  Leopold  ,  and  being  difappointed  of  Relief  by 
means  of  the  Engli(h^  it  furrendred.  In  the  year  i6f7  Cromwell 
having  entered  into  a  League  with  France,  the  Engltfh  took  Montmedi, 
St.  Vtnavt,  and  the  iirong  Fort  of  Mardyie,  and  invefted  Dunkirk, 
tn  i6f8.  Don  John  of  yiu/Irja  came  with  an  Army  of  16000.  Horfe 
and  Foot  to  Relieve  Dunkirk. ;  bur  after  a  brisk  Encounter  was defeat- 
cd.by  the  Engitlh  alone.  This  Overthrow,  followed  prefently  after 
bv  the  Iofs  of  the  M^rquefs  of  Leda^  Governor  of  the  City,  (lain  in 
a  bold  Saiiy,  occaiioned  the  l^jeedy  furrender  of  the  Place,  which  ac- 

cotding 


'niip»wiiw«fi(!fr' 


Of  thi  Spdnifi  NeiherUnds, 


«77 


nd 
he 

ed 

lay. 


cording  to  Articles  came  into  the  hands  of  the  Engltjtj,  unMo  retnain- 
ed  till  after  the  Reftoration  of  King  Charles  the  II.  when,  for  Rcafons 
not  to  be  mentioned,  fold  to  the  French  King.  It's  true  none  but  the 
jnexhauftable  Treafure  of  that  Rich  Monarch  was  able  to  fupply 
the  conftanc  Charge,  and  vaft  Disburfemenrs  requifite  for  the  raifing 
the  Fortifications,  tlie  Citadel,  the  Bafln  for  Ships,  the  Harbour  or 
Mould  of  almoft  a  mile  in  length  :  Prodigious  indeed  hath  been  his 
Expences  in  finifhing  thefe  indefatigable  aud  f^upendious  Works. 

I^resy  by  the  Dutch  Tpcren,  Lat.  Ipra^  has  fo  many  Leaden  Pipes  for 
Channels  and  Conveyances  of  Water  under  ground,  that  it  is  faid  the 
Foundations  are  of  Lead  :  It  is  honoured  with  the  Tide  of  a  Vifcount^ 
and  enjoys  a  Jurifdidlion  of  a  large  extent ;  now  polTefled  by  the 
French,  and  well  Fortified  ;  diftant  from  Bruges  9,  and  from  Gaunt  1 ; 
Leagues. 

Winnocksberg  or  Winnoxhergerty  Ijit,  Mens  SanBi  Winoci ,  or  Berguer 
S,Wtnnox,  7  Leagues  from  Dunkirky  and  7  from  Ipres;  it  owes  its 
name  to  a  noble  Monaftry  ereded  upon  a  Hill  in  Honour  of  St.  IVin- 
mc  an  Engliflt-min  of  wondeful  Devotion  and  Piety.  'Tis  now  made 
^ery  ftrong  by  the  French.  Between  it  and  Dunkirk  are  two  ftrong 
Forts  well  Fortified,  the  one  called  Fort'Lewu,  the  other  the  Spanipj 
Fort,  kept  by  the  French  to  procure  the  more  Elbow-room  for  the 
GAX\{onoi  Dunkirk. 

Veurne  or  Fumes,  is  diftant  from  Dunkirk  4,  and  from  Dixmude 
5  Leagues ;  a  neat  Town,  in  a  very  rich  Soil ;  it  was  the  Refidence 
oi  Lewis  ih.t  nth,  of  France,  during  his  Retirement  with  Vhilip  of 
Burgundy. 

Graveling,  in  the  middle  between  Dunkirk  and  Calau,  upon  the 
mouth  of  the  River  Aa,  which  divides  France  from  Flanders.  It  was 
fortified  by  Charles  the  \th  An.  1^28.  with  five  ftrong  Baftions,  and 
a  Citadal ;  it  ftands  in  .1  low  and  plafliy  Level,  and  is  environed  with 
fo  many  Outwarks  and  Ditches  of  Water,  that  it  feems  ftrange  it 
fhould  be  yielded  up  in  fo  fliort  a  time  to  the  Englifh  und  French  in  the 
year  i6j8. 

Cajfels,  or  Kafel,  Lat.  Ka/letuw,  originally  C^/?ei7«?»,  feated  upon  the 
top  of  an  high  Hill.  Neif*  tins  place  have  been  fought  Three  memo- 
rable Battels,  by  Three  P^i//>r,  Generals  on  the  French  fide :  The  firlt 
advantagious  to  the  Low-Couiirries  by  the  evil  face  of  I  hilip  the  Fair. 
The  fecond  was  fortunate  to  the  French,  through  the  Courage  or  good 
fortune  of  Philip  of  l^alois.  The  third  was  in  /Ipril,  Anno  1677'.  be- 
tween the  Prince  of  0>-an^e^  and  Pijilip  Duke  of  Orkancc :  The  Dutch 
were  30000  fentto  the  Relief  of  St.  Omers\  but  after  a  hoc  fight  of 

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^78        ^  ^    ,    :    Of  iheSfdnlib  N^herlanis, 

three  hours,  defeated  by  the  French,  wirh  the  Io(sof  ;ooo  flain  upon 
thefpot,  and  as  many  taken  Prifoners :  The  lofsof  the  Faencb  was 
about  2000. 

Bruges f  Lat.  Brttga,  fcituate  in  a  large  Plain  about  three  Leagues  from 

,  the  Sea,  and  four  from  OJlend,  abouc  four  Italian  miles  in  conipa^, 

and  well  fortified.    The  new  ChanneiyCUt  with  vaft  charge  to  the5/»^, 

is  fecured  by  prodigious  Turn- pikes  from  the  rage  of  the  Sea.    The 

,  Canal  cut  by  Spinola  between  Bruges  and  Gaunty  is  eight  Leagues  in 

length,  and  guarded  by  about  200  Forts  and  Redoubts.    The  City  is 

;  exceeding  neat  and  well  built  ;-in  it  are  fevcn  Parifh  Churches,  that 

of  St.  Johns  \%  the  Cathedral,  An.  if  ^9.  fixty  Religious  Houfes,  and: 

three  Colleges  of  Canons.    The  Jefuits  College  deferves  moft  ad- 

,  miration.    The  Market-place  is  very  commodious,  and  of  a  plealant 

fciruation  in  the  Center  of  fix  principal  Streets,  running  from  as  ma- 

'  ny  of  the  chief  Gates.    The  Palace  LaFranche  is  nobly  adorned  with 

the  Piiftures  and  Statues  of  feveral  Emperors,  Kings,  Arch-Dukes,c^tf. 

^  The  Women  of  Brug?s  are  faid  to  excel  both  in  Beauty  and  Bravery. 

-.    Sluce,  Slufity  Lat,   by  fome  Chufula^^  once  an  exceeding  wealthy 

place,  now  its  Fortifications  and  Scituation  are  fuch,  as  render  it  very 

ftrong;  taken  by  the  Prince  of  Parma,  An.  i  y  86.  Retaken  by  Prince 

:  Mamke,  1604.  It  is  the  largeft  Harbour  in  all  Flanders, 

All  the  other  olaces  of  Flandm  are  generally  confiderable,  either 
for  their  Beauty  or  for  their  Fortifications,  for  eminent  Sieges  or  re- 
m^rkable  Battels. 

The  Soil  is  (b  fertile,  that  the  Low-Countriet,  as  the  Natives  (ay, 
would  have  produced  as  much  Riches  as  the  Indies,  had  all  their  Ter- 
ritories been  as  fruitful  as  thit  of  Fumes.  Near  Newport  or  Neoportus 
was  fought  that  memorable  Battel  betwixt  tlie  Arch-Duke  Albert,  and 
the  States,  where,  by  the  Valour  of  the  Enghjh,  and  the  excellent  Con- 
dui5fc  of  thofe  Noble  and  Gallant  perfons,  Sir  Francis  and  Sir  Horatitt 
Vere,  the  Vidory  was  gained  for  the  Stares. 

The  Province  oi  Arrets,  in  Lat,  Artcfta  &  Artbcfia^  united  to  the 
Crown  of  Francehy  the  i^ynn.-ean  Treaty,  from  which  it  was  difmem- 
bred.  It  enjoys  a  miid  and  rcmperare  Air,  with  a  fertile  Soil,  produ- 
cing all  forts  of  Grain  and  Fruit,  efpecially  Wheat  in  abundance.  ■ 
Arras  Galits^  Artnbantm,  apttcj»is,  Orifi^iicu?;^  Ptol.  Afrecht  Ger.  Araz- 
%o,  Italfg.  The  Cipiral  City  thereof  conlifis  of  a  High  and  Low  Town, 
both  very  ftrong ;  fince  the  late  Conqucih  of  ihe  Frevc '  King  ,  the. 
River  which  belongs  to  it  hns  been  mack  Navjpablo  for  Vefl'dsto  go 
hey ond  Dowty.  Hefdin,  HejJinum,  is  a  Regular, Hexagoii,  by  which 
the  River  waa  Navigable  as  far  as  MontrtviL  B^zpaulme,  Bapalma,  is  a 

;  -  place 


.'•'I 


^m 


^^mmim 


Of  tbeSpgmifb  NeiherlsiUs.  179 

pJace  that  dinhot  well  be  Befieged,  becaufe  there  is  no  Water  in  all  the 
Neighbourhood.  Lew  is  famous  for  the  Vidory  of  the  jFrf»c/6  in  the 
year  1648.  where  the  Prince  of  Ligm,  and  the  Ma rquefs- of  Gr^ii^j 
were  taken,  with  20  Captains,  6/00  common  So'diers,  40  Great 
Guns,  and  90  Enfigns.  '  Bet  hut:  e  is  fair  and  n:rong,  and  makes  exceU 
Jeftt  goodCheefe.  And  Terroane,  Tervatma,  Tirvin,  is  known  by  its 
Riiins;  At  the  Siege  whereof.  An.  iji;  Maximilian  the  Emperoc> 
ferVed  in  Perfort  under  tfie  Englijh  Colours.  St.  OmetSy  Auddmaro^olts 
df  Fannum  S-,  AudornarL  is 


a  /hong  City,  furrounded  with  Mar/hes,; 


wherein  there"  are  Floating  Iflands.  Itisf^iaced  on  the  River  ^f/,  well 
fortified  with  Baftions,  Half-moons,  Ditches,  &c.  ItwasAnno  i66j,, 
aifaulted  by  Monfieur,  at  the  fame  time  that  Cambray  was  by  the  King 
o^  Frame  \  and  the  Prince  oi  Orange  coming  to  its  Relief,  being  de- 
feated near  Cajfal,  the  Town  was  yielded  up.  In  fliort,  the  Riches  of 
the  People,  the  Canal  for  Coiiimerce,  the  Abby  of  St.  Bertift,  and  the 
Engliflj  Seminary  of  Jefuits,  have  rendred  it  a  place  of  no  common 
fame  throughout  all  £«rof>^.   ;.:.;:  o..  '  ,;  ^       . »,     i 

Aire,  or  Arkn,  Lat.  Aria,  upon  the  Lie  River,  is  a  very  ftrong 
place,  being  environed  on  three  fides  by  a  Moorilh  Level,  and  forti- 
fied with  good  Ditches,  Baftions ,  Half-moons ,  Redoubts ,  Horn- 
works,  Counterfcarps,  &c.  on  the  other  fide  it  is  defendej3  with  the 
ftrong  Fort  of  St.  Jawes^  or  St.  Francis ;  in  July  16^6,  befieged  by  the 
MarefchaWc /iiMwwrw,  and  fur  rend  red.  - 

Haynadt,  Hannoniay  by  the  Dutch  Hemgow^  or  Hdirgow,  according  to 
the  Report  of  the  Inhabitants,  aud'the  Records  of  the  Province,  ac- 
knowledgeth  onTyGo^and  the  5«»  for  their  Supreme  Lords;  how- 
ever it  has  fince  had  other  LoJds. 

Monsy  called  alfo  Monies,  and  Ber^hen,  the  Capital  City  of  Hemgow, 
and  one  of  the  principal  Cities  in  the  Sfamfh  Provinces;  wonderful 
ftrong  by  its  Scituation,  the  Counrrey  round  about  being  eafily  over- 
flowed. It  is  alfo  very  well  fortified  with  all  manner  of  Works.  Con- 
cerning the  Surprifalof  it,  Anno  ipz.  by  means  of  twelve  Soldiers 
pretending  to  be  Wine- Merchants,  obtained  the  Keys  of  the  City,and 
fo  let  in  fome  Forces  of  Horfe  and  Foot,  under  Lewis  of  NaJJat*,  bro- 
ther to  the  Prince  of  Orange  ;  fee  Meter an^  lib.  4.  and  Mmrfm,  lib.  ;. 
Rerum  Belgic,  As  for  the  Attempt  upon  the  Fnrrh  Camp,  in  1678, 
near  Mons,  by  the  Prince  of  Orange'i  Guirds,  and  the  Ergl>(h,  under 
that  excellent  Soldier  and  Valiant  Earl  of  OJ/dry,  deferves  a  far  better 
Pen  than  mine  to  deliver  it  to  Pofterity  in  a  p-jculiat  n>,^nner,  and 
among  the  greatftft  and  moft  glorious  Adions  of  this  prelcnt  Age. 
Kofooner  was  Mom  in  veiled,  A»»  1691.  but  rhe  King  oi  France  av- 

A  a  2  rived 


(v,. 


N    ^ 


J^rAC 


ir 


r 


1  Jo 


Of  fheSpd^lb'NeihertMUb 


w^i^ 


Wi 


rived  ill  the  Camp,  the  21/?  of  March.  The  befieged  all  along  vlgo- 

7   ronfly  defended  themfelves;  but  on  the  8>A  of  ^/>r;/,  the  Burgbtrs^ 

.  fpurred  on  by  the  Ecdefiafticks,  and  difcouraged  by  the  Ruin  of  their 

Churches  and  Houfes,  forced  the  Governor  to  Capitulate  j  and  upon 

'    the9r^.  the  JF>ewi6  took  polTeflion  of  the  Gate  of  Barramont,  and  on  the 

lotb.  the  Garifon  marched  out  to  the  number  of  2400  men,  and  ^Sa 

Officers.  The  French  put  into  the  Town  a  Garifon  of  4000  Horfeand 

1 0000  Foot.  'Tis  reckon 'd  that  the  Siege  coft  France  leveral  Millions^ 

.  and  above  yooo  men* 

-'This  County  x)f  Hamault  contains  four  Principalities,  Barhancon^ 
Cbimaif  Condty  aftd  Ligne^  three  Marquifates,  AiJaux,Terkn,  Vergniesl 
and  If  Counts,  22  Baronies,  26  Abbies,  12  Signiories,  24  Fortified 
ToWns,  and  9^0  pleafant  and  rich  Villages.    The  Eftate  is  ancient, 

^  being  fotlietimes  a  par<  of  the  great  Earldom  of  jirdenne,  from  which 
it  was  divided  and  made  a  diftind^  Earldom  by  y^/^er/c/^  Sirnamed  the 
Or^htUnty  one  of  the  youngeft  Sons  of  Brunulph  Count  of  ArJenne, 
flain  by  Dagobert  sl  fWwcAKing,  who  had  this  part,  with  Title  of  Earl, 
.  given  him  by  Sigebert  King  of  Aufra/ia  to  be  held  under  the  Sove- 
raignty  of  the  French  Kings.  After  long  continuance  and  often 
changes,  it  was  by  Jaefueline  the  laft  Princefs  (  wanting  Heirs),  fur- 
rendred  (  together  with  Holland,  Zealand,  and  Wefi'Friefiand,  united 
in  Families )  unto  Vhili^  the  Good,  Duke  of  Burgundy,  her  next  Kint- 
man,  in  whofe  Houfe  the  Right  (  but  the  Poffeffion  in  the  French 

'.  King)  now  remaineth,  at  leaft  the  greateft  part.  Valendenncesy 
Vslentiana^  is  a  great ,  fair^  and  well  fortified  place,  taken  by 
the  Ftench,  1677.  lying  upon  the  Scheld.  Quercetum,  Quefnoy,  Land^ 
decium,  Landrecy  ;  Avenna,  Avefnes\  PbilippeviUa,  PhilipvilU^  and  Ma- 
rhnburgh,  Mariahurgum^  are  ftrong  places,  all  in  the  French  King's 
Power  ;  together  with  Blnchy  Binchium ;  Marimont,  not  far  from  it, 
was  one  of  the  faireft  Houles  in  all  the  Countrey,  Mary  Queen  of 
Hungary  having  omitted  nothing  that  might  adorn  the  StruAure.  The 
Battel  of  Senef,  1674.  was  one  of  the  moft  remarkable  Exploits  of 
that  exquifite  General  the  Prince  of  Conde, 

Luxemburgenfis  Ducatm.  The  "Dntchy  of  Luxemburg.  It  wasfome- 
timcs  a  part  otthe  Principality  of  Ardeume.  By  the  Emperor  Charles 
ihf  fourth  made  a  Dukedom  in  the  perfon  of  his  Brother  fFeneJlaus, 
By  Elizabeth  the  laft  Princefs,  wanting  Heirs,  it  was  fold  to  Philhp^thQ 
Good  Duke  of  Burgo'my,  This  Province  contains  in  Circuit  about  70 
Leagues,  or  200  Italian  miles;  comprehends  20  Wall'd  and  Forti- 
fied Towns,  and  betwteen  n  or  12  hundred  Boroughs  or  Villages.  Its^ 
chief  City  is  Lutzenburgfiv  luxemburn,  in  Lat.Lutz>enburgum,orLuxenbur' 
_  gum. 


Of  rhiifM^NikhitlM^^^^  lifi 

gmny&  Ijueemhitrgum,  (b  called  &OBi  tht  Image  of  the  Sun  there 
worshipped ;  from  whenc^  Tome  wi^rh^ve  it  originally  called  Lucif"  ; 
hurgum.  Gu'wiardin  and  others  think  it  to  be  iht-  Augufta  RomandwH 
rtm  of  ?toU  It  is  commodioufly  leated  on  a  Hill,  ftrottg  and  well  for- 
tified, but  has  fuffered  much  by  *hQ  Injuries  of  War.  It  was  taken 
and  plundered  by  the  Vrmcl^  under  the  Command  of  the  Duke  of 
Orleanct,  An.  1^4*.  As  alfothe  year  following  by  the  fame  Enemy. 
jimo  i$^2»  the  whole  Councfby  was  laid  dek»late  by  the  Army  of 
Jiawjf  the  2d.  oi  France  y  led 'into  Germany  againft  Charles  lh&  $tb.  Nor 
wasic  ever  more  barbarouftypilliged  and  harafs'd,  than  by  the  Frencb 
in  Jaljf  and  Auguft^  An.  1673.  And  in  An-  1674.  the  City  was  be- 
fieged,  and  furrendred  to  the  Fr«»c^. 

Arlm,  or  Arlmmft,  fo  called  from  Ara  Luna ;  it  retains  the  Titleof 
a  Marquifate;  ' 

TheDutchy  of  A/o/e//e  lies  along  the  Courfe  bf  that  River,  between 
Metz,  and  Triers^  is  now  '.inder  feveral  Lords  and  Matters. 

The  Principality  of  y4r</w»w  is  very  Ancient,  faid  to  have  been 
erefted  in  the  time  of  the  Merovifigii,  the  firft  Royal  Family  of  the 
Franks;  and  to  have  been  governed  by  feveral  brave  Princes  defcend- 
ed  from  Ckdion  thefecond  Monarch  of  chat  Nation. 

The  Earldom  of  Chyny'n  of  an  ample.  Jurifdidion  over  feveral 
Towns  and  Villages. 

The  Earldom  of  Roujjy,  formerly  called  St.  ?aul,'  of  which  little 
memorable. 

La  Rocbe.en  Arderme^  gives  Title  to  an  Earldom,  made  fuch  by  the 
Ancient  Kings  of  Fr<a»ff,  and  formerly  comnrehended  divers  Lord- 
fhips.  Durhuy  gives  Tide  to  an  Earldom.  Marville  is  the  Capital 
Town  of  aLordihip.  Vianden,  Vienneny  &  Vientbal,  fuppofed  to  be 
fo  called  from  an  Ancient  Caftle  ereded  by  the  Vandalh  about  the  year 
885,  and  by  them  called  VandeUn  ;  It  gives  Title  to  an  Earldom  which 
did  belong  to  the  Family  oi  Orange. 

Bafionac,  NeufCbatcau,  St.  Vit.  Mars-en  famenne,  or  Marche  enfamine, 
are  fmall  Towns,  fome  with  Caftles,  and  fome  without  Walls.  ^  ' " 

Theonville,  Theonis  Vtlla,  or  Tbeanvilla^  by  the  Dutch  Ditdcnboven  I  Lewis 
the  I4fi6  of  France  was  not  much  advanced  in  the  Fifth  year  of  his 
Age,  ere  he  began  to  Triumph  over  his  Enemies  at  the  memorable 
Battel  of /Jofroy,  1643,  and  the  gaining  7)&to«W/f  by  the  Condud: 
of  the  Duke  Z>'  Anguen.  Mommedif  Mens  mediw.  Danvilliers,  Damu- 
illerium,  belong  to  the  French  King :  And  Tkoix  Ttio>i,um,  by  the  French 
Carigan.  There  are  Ibme  Lands  in  the  Foreft  oi  Arden  tbar  ^pt* nc  -o 
the  Biftiop  of  Liege \  that  is  to  fay^  Bovillion,  Bullionnm,  witU 


sfic; 


(.'■ 


V 


0/  the  SpdMifi  NpherUuJi. 


.J' 


^v 


of  a  Dfirc£|r,  and  a  (^png  Cattle  upoh  the.  Rock  or  high  Hilt,  whcrccf 
was  named  rhar  famous  G<k//«;|  of  JSoW/w,  Duke  of  £flr<*i«,  and  the  firft 
of  the  L4fi»/,  Ki^g  of  Je^-w/i/c^.  St.  H«^«rf,  towhom  theHuntfmen 
make  particular  §evotions;  And  J^echtfort,  that  beheld  the  Frencifr 
\ViAors  over  the  Spaniards  at  the  Battel  of  Avin  in  the  year  1 63  y. 
V  Brabant,  Brabantia,  or  BracblanJ,  h  a  negleded  or  uncultivated 
Soil;  but  the  Art  and  Ii^duftry  of  the  Brabanttnes  and  Flemmings  have 
now  not  OiHly  altered  but  improved  their  barren  Lands,  by  fowingof 
Flax,  one  Acre  whereof  is  worth  about  40  or  fo  /.  After  the  Flax 
ispuird  off,  they  eithe^fow  the  fame  Land  with Oats^  and  upon  them 
Clover- grafs  feed,  only  Harrowing  it  with  bufhes;  which  Grafs, 
after  the  Oats  are  mowed,  yields  a  very  great  Pafture,  and  is  cut  three 
times  in  a  year,  and  continues  good  for  four  or  five  years  together ; 
or  elfe  after  the  Flax,  they  fow  Rye  and  Turnips  j  what  Turnips 
they  do  not  fell,  they  give  to  their  Cattel,  beating  the  Roots  and 
Leaves  (  well-waih'd  )  together,  and  then  boy  ling  them  in  water, 
which  makes  their  Cattel  not  only  fat,  but  to  yeild  a  greater  quantity 
of  Milk.  They  alfo  convert  their  heathy  Land  into  Hop-Grounds, 
Orchards,  and  Nurferies  for  Pear,  Apple,  Cherry,  and  Walnut-Trees  5 
and  alfo  Oaks,  Afhes,  and  Elms;  whereby  they  make  a  vaft  advan- 
tage by  their  Linnen,  Paper  and  Oyl,  which  with  the  help  of  their 
Windmills  they  prefs  out  of  the  Seeds  of  their  Flax  and  Turnips,  i 
lliall  here  only  add  to  the  Reproach  of  our  own  Sloth  and  Negligence, 
what  hath  been  credibly  reported.  That  there  was  no  lefs  than 
looooo  /.  worth  of  Flax  yearly  brought  into  England  from  Foreign 
Countries.  But  enough,  and  perhaps  too  much  upon  this  Subjedt. 
The  States  of  Brabant  confift  of,  i.  The  Ecclefiafticks,  or  Abbots. 
2.  The  Nobles,  viz.  Dukes,  Marquefles,  &e,  3.  The  Deputies  of  the 
chief  Cities,  [t  is  divided  into  four  Quarters,  called  Tetrarchies, 
and  diftingu'fliedby  the  Names  of  their  four  principal  Cities,  Bruffils, 
Lovaine,  Antwerp^  and  Boijleduc,  BruJ/els,  or  Bruxella,  is  a  City  very 
well  peopled,  the  Seat  of  the  Governor,  in  whofe  Palace  is  room 
enough  to  lodge  feveral  Kings. 

The  Number  7  is  obfervable  in  many  things  belonging  to  this  City : 
viz,.  7  publick  Fountains ;  7  principal  Streets  leading  to  die  great 
Market-place,  about  which  ftands  7*ftately  Houfes ;  here  are  al{b7  Pa- 
xifli  Churches,  7  Noble  Families ;  7  Licenfcd  and  Sworn  Midwives, 
7  Gates  of  Doric  Work,  each  leading  to  a  different  Pleafureor  Ex- 
ercife:  The  l,0»x'<ii» Gate  tQ  Fowling,  the  Algidonjontana  Gate  toFifli^ 
ing,  the  Anderlecbt  to  pleafant  Fields,  the  Flandrian  to  Pafture  Grounds, 
thzLakenQdXQ  to  Springs  and  Vineyards,  the  Meeblin to  Gardens; 

here 


in 
Pri 

pla 


r'<-- 


"T" 


'  .     ■  •  '  • 

OfthiSfMH^NeiherlMs.  t%y 

here  was  alfo  at  one  time  7  Crowned  Heads.  The  Church  of  St.G»- 
diik  is.  one  of  the  faireft  in  all  the  Country.  The  Palace  feated  upon 
a  Hill,  is  a  moft  magnificent  and  (lately  piece  of  Building  ;  adjoining 
to  which  is  a  large  fpace  of  Ground  enclofed  with  a  Wall,  containing 
in  it  whatever  can  be  fubfervient  to  the  Pleafures  and  Diverfron  of  a 
Prince  ■,  as  Grotto's,  Ponds ,  Water-works,  Gardens,  Walks,  and- 
places  appropriated  to  different  and  particular  forts  of  PwCcreation.  The 
Senate-houfe  is  a  noble  Pile  of  Building.  The  Tower  is  adorned  with 
a  Brafs  Statue  of  St.  Michael  the  Titular  Angel  of  this  City.  The  Pa- 
lacesof  the  Nobility  are  magnificent,  the  Houfes  of  the  Citizens  (lately 
and  fine.  The  Eccho  is  admirable,  refle(5ting  the  voice  i  ^  times  .* 
about  three  Leagues  from  it  (lands  the  ample  and  famous  Abby  of /^/** 
flingen. 

The  Channel  that  runs  to  jintwerp  is  one  of  the  greateft  Undertake- 
ings  \n\\it  Lovf-CountrieSf  wherein  there  are  pr<>digious  Sluces;  for 
'  the  making  whereof,  Sums  of  Money,  no  le(s  prodigious,  were  ex*^ 
pended.    The  Neighbourhood  of  the  Foreft  of  Scgniei  lies  very  con- 
venient for  Hunting. 

LovaitiM  Lovan'wm  ,  which  fome  afHrm  to  be  the  Capital  City  of 
Brabant f  is  one. of  the  biggeft  Cities  of  Europe,  wich  a  famous  Univer— 
(ity,  which  gives  the  Natives  occaHon  to  call  it  a  City  of  Scho- 
lars ;  BruJJ'elsf  a  City  of  Courtefans ;  Antwerp,  a  City  of  Merchants;; 
and  Malims,  a  City  of  Advocates,  by  reafon  of  its  Parliaments.  It 
is  pleafantly  feated  upon  the  River  DeU'^  it  contains  11  Market-places,. 
12  Principal  Streets,  140  LefTer;  14  Mills,  16  Bridges,  and  4  Foun- 
tains for  publick  ufe.    About  the  Year  1 1^0  are  faid  to  have  been.at< 
leaft  40000  AVeavers  Shops,  upon  each  of  which  at  leaft    ;o  or  40 
feveral  perfbns  depended  for  work  and  livelihood  ;   the  Hall  or  Stadt- 
Houfe  is  large  and  coftly,  adorned  with  variety  of  Figures  of  the  mo(l » 
curious  Wormanfhip;  the  Caflleis  feated  on  rhe  top  of  a  Hill,  fur- 
rounded  with  Vineyards  and  pleafant  Gardens,  and  a  healthy  Air. 
Half  an  hours  J,ouiny  from  Lcuvain  Hands  a  Palace  of  the  Duke  of 
Arejchoty      e  way  leading  thereunto  is  Wonderfully  rare ;  but  the 
Houfefor  magnificence,  pleafure,  and  convenience,  has  perhaps  not: 
many  Rivals  in  Europe,    Other  kflfcr  Townsin  the  Quarter  ofLouvain 
are  Ttonen  ovTtlmont,  Lat,  lbana\  In  the  Year  167^.  much  ruined  by 
the  Frrncb.     S.  TruytHj  XfV  St.  Trou,  La',   CtntrvneSyii^  Walls  were  de- 
molilhcd,  and  its  Gates  blown  up  by  the  Fnticb.  Strong  Leave,  Lat,. 
Lfva,  upon  the  R.Oreet.  Diefr,  or  Dujih  im^  upon  tie  R.  Demer.givcs. 
title  ro  A  Barony,  now  appertaining   co  the  i^dnce  of  Orange.  Ctm^ 
bkitrsy  Gemblacum   Lat,    feated    upon  the  fteep  of  aii  Hill,  envi» 

roned. 


w 


^'■■'^«rw«Mt9IMWI»-  , 


iS4 


OftbiSfatfifb  Netherlands^' 


■■^■ 


i?."t 


rone^l  by  Precipices  and  deep  Vallies.  Haltn,  tat.  Hala,  Siflen^ 
yudoigne  or  GeUernac.  Hannuje^  &  Landen,  are  pretty  confiderable 
Places. 

V  Tillemont  was  taken  by  force  in  the  Year  165^.  by  the  F««<:/&  and 
Hollandors.  Niville  is  made  remarkable  by  her  Religious  Covent  of 
42  Nuns,  who  muft  be  not  only  Virgins  and  Legitimate,  but  both  by 
Father  and  Mother  of  Noble  Extradion  for  four  Defcenti:  for  the  fine 
Linncn-cloth  made  there ;  and  for  the  fair  High- ways  round  about  ir. 
Vtlvorden  upon  the  River  5/«w,  glories  in  an  ancient  Cgftle,  th^Gran^J 
Repofitory  of  the  Records  of  Brabant.  ^  •  .^  •  ;  ;  ^  >rty;. 

,  Senef^  a  fmall  Village,  is  lately  memorable  for  the  Battel  fought  be- 
tween the  Duteb^  Confederate  with  5^«/»,  the  Empire,  and  the  For<;es 
oi France,  Ann.  1674.  \    ■  .    ^..-      '.^'.^ 

^  Marquifate  of  the  Empire  derives 'its  Name  from  its  Scituation,  lying 
upon  the  AncientBoundsof  Fr<«»w,and  theEmpire,and  whitherthe  Em- 
perors were  wont  to  fend  Governors,  which  they  called  Marqueffes, 
There  is  only  theCity  of  y^wrjffrf  in  \tiAtuacutum&  Aduatacumjou  5er- 
canOjAndoverpum  at,  Antuerphy  Antwerpen  incolif,  Antwerp  Anglts,  Anveres 
'Hifp.  Anvers  Gal,  Antorf  Germ.  Anverfa  Italpr.  Qne  of  the  faireft  and 
moft  pieafant  Cities  in  all  the  Low^Countfies;  for  which  ReafotijCj^^r/^i 
the  Firlt  called  it  his  Holy-day  City :  The  Importance  of  theSckuati- 
on  hath  caufed  it  to  be  ftrongly  fortified  with  ten  great  Baftions,  and 
one  of  the  Itrongeft  Citadels  in  Europe ;  flank'd  with  five  great  Baftions 
lined  with  Brick  and  Free-ftone.  This  Citadel  was  built  towards 
the  higheft  part  of  the  River,  that  it  might.commanc^  the  City,  anlJ 
be  fuccoured  from  that  part  of  the  Country  which  was  fubjed  to  its 
Prince.  The  Duke  oiAha  who  built  the  Citadal,  caufed  his  Statue 
to  befet  up,  which  was  afterwards  taken  down.  The  Jefuits  in  Ant- 
werp have  a  Church  built  all  of  Marble,  which  is  faid  to  be  the  faireft 
which  they  have  in  the  World.  The  Church  dedicated  to  the  BleflTed 
Virgin  is  a  very  magnificent  Structure,  in  whichare  66  Chappels  and 
Altars  curioufly  built,  and  fumptuoufly  adorn'd  with  Statues  and  Pi- 
dures.  One  or  the  Towers  adjoining  to  this  Church  is  faid  to  be  420 
foot  high,  befides  its  top  or  Cover,  which  is  y  foot,  and  a  Crofs  up- 
on that  16  foot  more.  As  to  its  Trade  and  number  of  Inhabitants, 
the  Year  if  68.  may  be  accounted  its  grand  Clima^eric.  Then  it  was 
that  2JOO  Ships  werefeen  together  upon  the  Scheld,  and  400  Veflels 
obierved  to  come  up  with  the  fame  Tide.  That  200  Waggons  arri- 
ved every  day  laden  with  Paflengers,  and  loooo  Country  Carts  em- 
ployed ill  a  day  in  the  carriage  and  conveyance  of  Goods ;  and  5*00 

.  .       Coaches 


,i»  .' 


iPHaw9«HVippapHPM 


wm 


Of  the  SpAHifi  NetherUtiis. 


i«5 


Coaches  trolling  about  for  the  Eafe  and  DiverHon  of  the  Richer  fort. 
Then  it  was  that  they  numbred  200000  Inhabitants^  and  flourilhed 
exceedingly  in  all  forts  of  Commerce. 

Breda,  8  Leagues  diftant  from  Antijerp^  is  confiderable  for  its  bignefs, 
well  builtj  and  populous,  and  of  Great  ftrength.  The  Lordihip  of  ic 
belongs  to  the  Prince  of  Orange,  who  has  a  Cattle  and  fair  Palace  m 
the Town^urprifed and  taken  by  the  SpaniafJs,  Ann.  if  81.  recovered 
by  a  Stratagem  of  80  Soldiers  hid  under  a  quantity  of  Turf  in  a  Boat 
in  the  Year  1^90.  Its  Siege,  which  latted  nigh  a  whole  year,  was 
very  remarkable  ;  but  all  hopes  of  Relief  at  length  vanifliing,  it  was 
furrendred  to  the5;>/f»/Wiatthe  end  oiMay,  162J.  yet  in^».  1657. 
by  the  indefatigable  Valour^  and  excellent  Condudiof  Prince  Frederic^ 
ic  was  put  into  the  pofTeillion  of  the  Umud  Provinces. 

The  Fort  Lillo,  fcituate  upon  the  Scbeld,  three  Leagues  from  Antm 
v^erpf  is  in  the  pofTeflion  of  :he  States^  under  whom  it  hath  been  gra- 
dually augmented  to  the  bigneG  of  a  fmall  Town.  Oppoflteto  which 
is  the  Fort  Uefkenjhoeck,  both  which  being  repolTefs'd,  and  its  Fortifi- 
cations rebuilt  by  the  Dutch,  is  a  great  Curb  to  the  Trade  of  Antwerp, 
all  Veifels  being  conttantly  fearch'd  which  pafs  to  or  from  that 
City. 

Lire,  Lira  Lat,  is  a  neat  and  pleafantly  feated  Town,  therefore  the 
Retirement  of  Perfons  of  Quality  and  Merchants,  whom  a  happy 
temper  of  mind  has  blefs'd  no  lefs  with  Content,  than  Fortune  with 
Riches.  Herentah  is  a  ftrong  place.  Hoogfiraten  hath  the  Title  of  an 
Earldom.  Bergen  Op  Zoom  Lat.  Bcr^a  adZonam,  raifed  to  the  Dignity 
of  a  Marquifate  by  Charles  the  Fifth  ;  it  is  a  ftrong  and  well  fortified 
place,  the  Buildings  fair  and  handfome,  the  Church  of  St.  Lumbers, 
and  the  Marquifs  s  Palace  are  worthy  of  commendation. 

Soon  after  the  violating  of  the  Pacification  of  Gaunt,  it  was  deliver- 
ed into  the  hands  of  the  States:  khowt  the  year  if  88,  befieged  in 
vain  by  the  Prince  of  ?arma,\iz\ng  ftoudy  defended  by  the  Evghfli  un- 
der Drury  and  Morgan.  Ann.  1622.  it  was  in  vain  befieged  by  Spinola ; 
never  was  place  morefurioufly  aflauked,  and  feldom  any  mote  coura- 
gioufly  defended. 

By  the  Peace  of  Mwip^/j^w  concluded /4»».  1678.  the  Marquifate  of 
Bergen  Opzoom,  with  its  Appendences,  &c.  as  alfo  all  Plights,  Adions, 
Privileges.  &c.  was  redored  to  the  Earl  of  Auvergm,  one  of  the  French 
King's  chief  Commanders.  Steenbergen,  not  far  from  the  Sea,  poffef- 
fedby  the  Spaniards  in  Ann.  1622.  but  after  theraifingof  the  Siege  of 
Bergen  Opzoom,  it  was  retaken  by  Prince  Mmriccj  afterwards  ftrength- 

B  b  ned 


-■■:r 


its 


m- 


■  .]>■- 


/' 


F^'V 


0/  the  SpMtlb  Netherldndis 


ned  with  new  Ramparts  and  Bulwarks^  and  with  divers  new  Forts 
and  Redoubts.  '*•* 

Santulit,  a  large  Fortrefs,  defigned  to  have  been  built  with  7  great 
Bulwarks,  and  other  Works ;  but  a  Fire,  and  the  violent  Inunda- 
tions of  the  ScbeUf  were  excipeding  prejudicial  to  the  Spanijlt  Purpofes 
and  Endeavours. 

The  City  of  Boit-Ie-Ducj  by  the  Frencb  Bolducy  in  Latin  Stlva  Ducts 
iHf  Bttfcum  Ducts y  in  Dutch  Hertogen  Bofcby  gives  denomination  to  the 
fourth  and  laft  Quarter  of  Brabant ;  feveral  Canals  run  tjhrough  this 
City,  over  which  lies  y  i  Stone  Bridges,  and  ;  8  Wooden  ohes.  The 
City  is  feated  upon  a  Hill  in  the  midft  of  a  Fenay  Level,  bf>  great  ex- 
tent, well  fortified  with  a  ftrong  Wall,  a  deep  and  broad  15itch,0out 
Bulwarks  and  Ramparts,  and  all  other  Works,  as  the  Ingenuity  and 
Experience  of  Modern  Engineers  could  invent,  to  render  a  Town,  fo 
commodioufly  fcituated  as  this  is,  little  lefs  than  impregnable.  After 
'Ithc  taking  of  Maefiricbt,  Ann.  1 5:79.  it  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
Prince  oXVarma,  Ann.  1601.  it  was  befieged  by  Prince  Maurice jbut 
relieved  by  Arch- Duke  filbert.  But  in  the  Year  1629.  it  was,  after  a 
tedious  and  difficult  Siege,  yielded  up  to  Henry  Frederic  Prince  of 
Orange,  Begirt  by  the  French,  Ann.  1672.  but  the  King's  unexpecfied 
Departure  k>t  France,  Turtnne  quitted  the  Siege,  and  marched  higher 
into  the  Country. 

Bois'le-duc  has  a  large  Jurifdi6lion,  comprehending  Lampin,  Peland, 
Maefiand;  the  D\Rr\6toi  Ofierufjck,  and  the  Towns  of  Helmont,  Eind- 
hpven,  Megen,  Ravefiein,  and  Grave.  Helmont  is  watered  by  the  River 
j4a,  it  gave  uirth  to  Andreas  Helmondanus,  as  the  adjoining  Village 
jBreeck  to  Geropitts  Becanus.  Eindbo-ven  is  a  little  walled  Town  upon  the 
DomnT'l.  Megen  gives  title  to  an  Earldom.  Raveftine  is  defended  by 
a  good  Cafilc,  Gra've  is  a  place  of  great  Concern,  the  Vt'mcQ  oiOrjinge 
is  Lord  of  it.  This  City  is  head  of  the  fmall  Earldom  oi  Cuyck,  it 
commands  a  confiderable  Pafs  upon  the  Maes,  and  is  very  ftrongly  for- 
tified. In  the  Year  15-86.  it  was  furrendred  to  the  Prince  oi Parma 
by  the  Cowardife  of  the  Governour,  who  therefore  loft  hi?  Head.  In 
Ann.  1602.  it  wasaftera  Siege  of  two  months  by  Prince  Maurice,  rC' 
duced  under  the  Obedience  of  the  Confederate  5/<zrf/,  until  the  Year 
1672.  when  it  was  taken  by  the  French,  the  Garifon  deferting  the 
place  upon  the  approach  of  40  or  70  of  the  Enemies  Horfe :  By  the 
Fre7tch  it  was  more  ftrongly  fortified,  and  -made  their  Store-Houfe. 
But  Ann.  1675'.  the  D«rc^,  after  a  clofe  Siege  of  3  or  4  Months, 
carried  on  with  moft  furious  and  continued  AQaults,  it  was  yield- 


ed up. 


.JCt 


Mechlin 


r 


■^pwm^^in^ 


Of  theSfsnifi  Netheridtfds:   '^  j2j 

*  •  ' 

Mtehlin  or  Malines  is  the  Reddence  of  the  Parliament  of  the  Cathc 
lick  Vrovinces  of  the  King  of  Sfain,  Her  Territories  are  very  fmall, 
conilfting  of  about  nine  Villages,  yet  making  one  of  the  17  Provinccsur 
Mechlin  enjoys  a  very  healthy  and  temperate  Air,  the  Kxvcr  Dele  runs 
through  cne  midfl  of  it,  dividing  the  City  into  divers  Iflands,  united 
by  a  great  number  of  Bridges,  the  Tide  flows  up  the  River  about  a 
League  above  the  City  ;  it  is  well  fortified,  and  may  be  laid  under 
Water.  GnicciarMn  tells  us  of  a  dreadful  Tempeft  whith  happen'd 
herein  the  Month  of  ^ugufiy  i  ^46.  in  which  the  Lightning  gave  fire 
to  2000  Barrels  of  Powder  in  a  Tower  near  the  SanJpjrtl;  afevere 
and  lamentable  Providence !  It  is  reported,  That  the  Women  of  Ma- 
lines, when  they  are  ready  toLyd-in,  go  into  Brabant  tobQ  brought  to 
Bed,  to  the  end  their  Children  may  enjoy  the  Privileges  of  the  Bra- 
^<«w</tfn,  which  are  very  great  and  advantagious,  granted  by  the  eracs 
and  favour  of  feveral  Emperors,  and  by  the  goodnefs  and  condeTcen- 
tion  of  their  proper  Princes.  There  is  alfo  in  Brabant  the  Dukedom 
of  Jrjcbot,  and  the  Earldom  of  Hooch firaten.  The  whole  Country  is 
faid  to  contain  80  German  miles  incompafs,  26  Tc  'ns  f^rongly  forti- 
fied both  by  Art  and  Nature;  and  17  other  which  enjoy  great  Privi- 
leges. The  Inhabitants  have  been  accounted  a  Warlike  People,  but 
none  of  the  wifeft  )  of  whom  Erafmus's  Proverb  was,  Brabanti  quo 
magis  fenefcunt  eo  rnagis  fiultefiunt. 

Namur,  Namurcum,  is  a  Town  of  confequence,  by  reafon  of  the 
paiTage  over  the  Mettfe,  in  that  part  where  the  Sawbre  falls  into  her. 
Marble,  Slate,  and  Sea-coal  are  thence  tranfported.  It  was  about 
the  beginning  of  June,  1692.  that  the  French  having  amafs'd  iill  their  ' 
Forces  together,  that  theyfet  down  before  Namur,  the  Town  quickly 
furrendred,  but  the  New  Fort  and  Caille  made  a  vigorous  defence ; 
which  coil  the  French  the  lives  of  many  men  and  Officers ;  but  being 
over-powered,  on  the  ;o  of  June  the  Garilbn  capitulated,  and  march- 
ed out.  CbarleroyyCarolo'Regturn,  upon  the  Sambre,  is  one  of  the  belt 
Fortreffes  of  the  Low-Countries,  fmce  it  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  French, 
reftored  by  thj  Treaty  of  Nimeguen  to  the  Spaniards. 

Limburgh,  Lemburgum,  has  only  the  Town  of  the  (ame  Name,  which 
is  of  any  Remark,  with  a  (trpng  Caftle  upon  a  Rock,  taken  by  the 
French  King  in  the  Year  1675".  f^alkenburg,  Falcoburgum,  Lat.  Faa(jue- 
ntont,  and  Dalem,  two  Earldoms,  are  a  part  of  this  Dutchy.  Rolduc, 
Rode-Ie-Ducy  by  the  Dutch,  Hertogen  Rode,  is  a  little  neat  Town.  Cam- 
fen  is  a  fpacious  Village,  guarded  with  a  ftrong  Caflle. 

The  Country  of  Liege  belongs  to  its  Bifhop,  to  whom  the  Inhabi- 
tants formerly  gave  the  Title  of  Grace.    He  is  eledled  by  the  Chapter, 

B  b  2  who 


.^\ 


■■i,mwf»"KS 


,38  Of  thiS^fiimJb  NetherUnis.        . 

who  formerly  refided  at  Tongres,  or  Tongenn,  Civitas  Tungrorum  Vtol, 
&  Advatiua  Tongrorum.    Here flourifhed  in  iht  timcof  the  Romans^Atx 
ancient  Bifhop's  See,  after  the  Invafion  and  fpoil  by  yitttUs  and  the 
Hims,  by  whom  the  Town  was  facked  and  deftroyed  in  the  Year  498. 
it  was  removed  by  St.  Sat^tius  to  Mae[trtich\  afterwards  in  the  Year 
71;.  by  St,  Hubert  it  was  removed  to  Luick  or  Liege,  where  now  it 
refteih.    The  Bifhoprick  is  of  a  large  extent,  and  has  many  places 
within  the  Limits  of  the  Neighbouring  Provinces.     Leige^  LeodUum 
&  LeoMum^  is  a  City  of  Trade  j  and  as  they  fay,  the  Paradife  of  the 
Ecclefiafticks.    It  is  Remarkable  that  in  the  Year  1151.  there  were 
among  the  Canons  of  the  Cathedral  Church,  nine  Sons  of  Kings, 
14  Sons  of  Dukes,  29  Sons  of  Earlsyand  7  Sons  of  Barons.    The 
EleAor  oiCologrtey  Prince  thereof,  caufed  aCittadel  to  be  built  there. 
The  Cathedral  of  L«/^«beareth  the  Name  of  St.  Lumbert,  who  was  Bi- 
fljop  of  Maefiricb,  murthered  by  D^Toy  &c.  about  the  Year  622.  The 
Cittadel  ftandeth  upon  a  Hill,  and  is  of  great  ftrength,  built  to  keep 
the  City  in  fubje£lion,  fince  the. Year  1649.    Maefireich,  for  its  Forti- 
fications, and  the  £imous  Sieges  which  have  been  laid  to  it,  in  that 
of  i<^73*  cbe  Englijh  fignalized  their  Valour  under  the  Condud'of 
the  Duke  of  Monmouth.    The  Treaty  of  Nimeguen  reftored  it  to  tjae 
Dutch,  who  now  poiTels  it.   The  Quarry  of  Stone  about  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  from  the  Town,  is  one  of  the  nobleft  in  the  World,  far  furpaifing 
the  Cave  of  Cuflozut  or  Cuhola,  faid  to  be  f  00  fathoms  in  breath,  and 
700  in  length.  This  is  two  miles  in  length  under  ground,  high  and 
irately,  no  Labyrinth  can  be  contrived  more  intricate,  and   yec 
all   parts   uniform.    Maefwick  formerly  was  (aid  to  belong  to  the 
Duke  oi  BrabaM^  and  Wtck,  that  was  an  Appurtenance  to  the  Bi*> 
/hop  of  Leige*s  Territories.  •  The  Spa  is  a  neat  Village  in  the  Foreft 
of  Ardenna,  feated  in  a  bottom  encompalTcd  with  Hills.    A  place 
which  for  the  vertu?  of  its  Mineral  Springs  is  as  famous  as  benefi- 
cial to  Mankind.    Maefireich,  TrajeSium  ad  Mofam,  is   compoled  of 
two  Towns. 

Cambrefes,  now  almoft  environed  by  the  Territories  of  France.  The 
City  of  Cambray ,  Cameracum,  by  tht  Dutch  Camerick'y  has  two  good 
Cittadejs,  the  guard  whereof  was  feldom  committed  to  any  other 
than  Naftural  Spaniards.  There  is  a  Sun-Dial  of  lingular  Workman- 
fliip,  wrought  by  a  Shepherd :  It  is  a  Town,  which  in  times  of  Peace 
yearly  expofed  to  Sale  above  60000  Pieces  of  fine  Cloth.  It  was  ta- 
ken by  the  French  at  the  beginning  of  the  Year  1677.  though  before, 
fhe  Kings  of  Spain,  ancontradiAed  by  the  Emperor,  d»d  appropriate 
to  thcmfelves  the  Temporal  Jurifdidion  of  Cambray  ,  as  being  of  the 
-::  fame 


It: 


X^' 


*„*•     ■*"»*.  •T'^V** 


Of  the  Spimfi Nethertknti9.  i%^ 

fameNAtion;  and  the  Archbifhops  thereof  in  vain  follicited  for  their 
re-cf)abli(hmenc.  Thofe  Prelates  were  called  Archbiffiops,  and  Dukes 
o^Cambrayy  Earls  ofCamhrtfis,  and  Princes  of  the  Holy  Empire,  tho 
generally  they  neither  had  Seat  or  Voice  in  their  Diet. 

The  Extent  of  thefe  Provinces  is  but  fmall,  but  it  is  one  of  the  beft 
peopled,  and  richeft  fpots  of  Ground  in  the  World ;  more  wholfome 
than  formerly ;  toward  Germany  Hilly  and  Woody,  as  we  have  faid  ;. 
but  towards  the  Sea,  generally  fertile,  and  full  of  Paf^urage.  The. 
Principal  Rivers  of  the  17  Provinces,  are  the  Rhine,  the  Meufe,  and 
the  ScbeU,  The  Rhine  rifes  in  SwitzerUnJ,  running  cheifly  through 
Germany,  After  it  has  divided  it  felf  at  Fort  Scbenk,  as  it  enters  into 
the  Loii/'Countriesy  it  mixes  with  feveral  other 'Rivers,  and  lofeth  its 
Namt  in  the  Sand  a  little  below  Ley  Jen  in  Holland.  The  Menfe,  which 
falls  out  of  France  and  Lorrain^  has  this  Advantage  above  the  Rbinty 
that  (he  retains  her  Name,  and  preferves  her  Water>  ^nmix'd  tillflie^ 
fall  into  the  Ocean,  where  (he  makes  feveral  good  Pc us.  T\\QScheli 
was  formerly  the  Limits  between  France  and  the  Emphe,  in  the  time 
^Charles  the  BalJ.  At  Gaunt  y  the  Lis,  a  Na.  liable  River,  falls  into 
it;  and  befc.  c  v:  wholly  lofeth  its  Name,  it  divides  its  felf  into  two 
principal  Arms ;  of  which,  the  Left,  which  they  call  the  Hout ;  and 
the  Right,  which  flows  to  Tolen,  falls  into  the  Adeu/e.  Befides  thefe 
Rivers,  and  thofe  that  fall  into  them,  there  are  Cuts,  Channels  and^ 
Marihes,  which  ferve  the  Inhabitants  both  for  TrafhcH  and  De? 
fence.     '  ..-r.;  •■'•,:•.■"■..,    •   v?.'^.--,- 


■>->. 


■'.f^.-i 


■j 

i. 

it 


/ 


■.V   -T 


,^.  Av;. 


■f. 


Of 


\m' 


■#««i 


',::.:  iES-ia^ 


t^^ 


Of  France. 


F Ranee  Auglisy  Frattcla  Italis  f^  Hifpanisy  Fr^tickreicb  Gn  warns y  AU 
franguaTurcisy  GalliaCaf.  Vlin.  &c.  The  firft  Inhabitahts  oi France 
were  the  Ancient  Gauls,  who  pafling  the  Alp,  under  the  Condudl  of 
Bellovefus,  Conquered  the  neareft  parts  of  Iral/,  called  Gallia  Cifalpina  ; 
and  under  that  of  Segovefas,  over-run  the  greateft  part  oVGermauy.  The 
fame  Nation  under  the  Command  oi  Bnvnus,  difcomfitcdthe  Romansy 

at 


U' 


Of  TrAmil  "  ,     191 

attte  River  -^//w,  facked  the  City,  andbefieged  the  Capitol.  Tbefe 
were  the  Men  whoranlacked  lllyricumy  Pannonia,  Thrace  and  Greece; 
and  plundred  the  Temple  of  Delpbos :  But  at  laft  were  totally  fubdued 
by  Julius  Cafar,  but  not  without  much  difficulty ;  for  they  did  not 
then  fcK  their  Liberty  at  fo  cheap  a  rate  as  other  Nations  did,  1 192000 
of  themjbeing  ^airt,  before  they  would  fubmit  to  the  Roman  Yoak ;  by 
whom  the  Country  was  divided  into  four  parts,  viz,  ^arbonenjtsy  or 
ijr^c^if^,  containing  Languedoc,  Dolphin,  and  part  oi  Savoy.  2  Aeiuita' 
tiica^  (from  the  City  Jqua  Augufka,  now  D*  Actjue)  comprehending 
Gafcoigfti  Guienne,  Saintonge,  Limofiriy  Querci,  Verigart,  Berry,  Bourbon- 
Tiois  SLM&Auvergne.  3.  Ce/^/c<»,  containing  he  Provinces  of  Bretagnt, 
Normandy  J  Anjou,  Tourain,  Maine  La  Beaufe,  the  IJle  of  France,  part  of 
Campaigne,  the  Dukedom  o^ Burgundy,  and  the  County  oi  Lionoife,  4  Bel- 
gica,  containing  Picardy,  the  rertiainder  of  Champagne,  Burgundy,  and  the 
Spdntfi  Netherlands.  Long  it  ftood  not  in  this  ftate  j  foratjout  the  Year 
400.  Honorius  being  Emperor,  the  Goths,  having  over-run  S^ain  and 
Italy,  (ent  part  of  their  Forces  and^  fubdued  Gallia  Narbonenfis,  calling 
it  Langue  de  Goth,  afterwards  corruptly  Languedoc.  Then  extending 
their  Conqueft  unto  the  River  Ligeris,  now  Loir?,  they  founded  a  King- 
dom, the  principal  Seat  whereof  was  at  Thokufe. 

About  the  fame  time,  the  Burgundiones,  or  Burgundians,  a  people 
that  inhabited  part  of  the  Country  of  the  CaJJubii,  and  part  qf  the 
Country  of  the  Marquifateof  Brandenburg,  together  with  the  Vandalls 
and  Suetbes,  feized  upon  other  parts  of  France,  and  conftituted  a  King- 
dom called  J5«r^«»^,  comprehending  both  the  County  and  Dutchy  of 
Burgundy,  the  County  of  Lionoife,  Dauphine,  Savoy  awA  Provence ,*vlhQk 
chief  City  was  Arelate,  now  Aries, 

About  the  fame  time  alfo,  the  Franks,  a  German  Nation  having 
pafledthe  Rhine,  feized  upon  the  adjacent  Territories  of  France,  where 
founding  a  Monarchy  (under  their  ftrft  King  Pbaramond,  aUVaramon) 
gave  it  the  Name  of  France. 

FranceViQs  excellently  compad  together,  between  the  moft  Flouri(h- 
ing  States  of  Chriftendom,  and  in  themtddbof  the  Northern  Tempe- 
rate Zone,  where  the  Inhabitants  breathe  a  moftferene  and  healthy 
Air.  In  (hort  it  is  Rich,  Fertile,  and  well  peopled  ;  there  being 
reckoned  in  it  about  4000  good  Towns  and  Cities. 

Its  Length  from  Cilaisio  Toulon  \%  about 620  miles,  75  to  a  degree^ 
the  1/readthfroMi  Brefr  to  the  Borders  of  Lorrain,  or  from  Bame  to  hhce 
m  ?iedmoht  is  not  more  than  492  miles.  I  well  know  all  other  Au- 
tliors  falfely  make  it  much  more.  Molt  of  her  Cities  are  equal  to  PrO' 
vinces,  and  mcftcf  her  Provinces  are  equal  to  Kingdom?. 

Her, 


m 


T^ 


warn 


I^f 


iflffimi^fpmm 


"r"^p^ 


>^ 


^i^i 


Of  Frsm* 


Her  Cw»,  her  Wme,  her  Salty  her  Lintien  Cloth,  her  Paper,  and  (ere- 
ta\  Matiufahures,  inrich  the  Inhabitants. 

The  Limits  a:nd  Bounds  of  this  Kingdom  have  been  various ;  at 
"prefent,  £aith  a  French  Geografher,  the  King's  Cm^uefis  cannot  be  bound- 
ed^notby  the  Rhine  nor  by  ihc  Ocean,  nor  by*  the  Vyreneans,  nor  by  ^ 
xhtAlps.    And  thofe  that  are  not  altogether  ilrangers  to  the  world, 
will  acknowledge,  Thatof  all  the  Kingdoms  of  Europe  there  are  none 
but  may  be  faid  to  be  inferior  to  France  in  fome  refped  or  other.    The 
greatnefsof  its  TcrHtoricSj,  the  populoufnefs  of  it,  the  number  of 
choirNobility  andGehtryj  tn6ir1natu(ral  Courage^  with  tfie  advantage 
of  their  Military  Anions,  and  Warlike  Exercifes,  the  Scituation  of 
their  Countrey,  the  fruitfulnefs  and  riches  of  the  Soil,  the  prodigi- 
ous quantity  of  all  Commodities  and  Maunfadlures,  and  the  great 
Kevenues  of  their  Kings.    Thefe  Advantages  have  in  all  Age$  raifed  ' 
in  them  afoiring  thoughts  of  the  Eredion  of  a  new  Weftem  Empire. 
.And  how  far  this  prelent  King  has  goneX  by  his  Acquifitions  oflate 
years  )  the  reft  of  th©  Princes  of  Europe  may  confider  of. 

The  Kingdom  is  Hereditary,  and  by  an  ancient  Conftitution  as  they 
pretend,  caXXt^thQ  Salique  Law,  never  falls  into  a  Female  Succeffion. 
And  by  the  Lavi^  of  Apennages,  the  younger  Sons  of  the  King  cannot 
have  partage  with^the  Elder.  The  King's  Eldeft  Son  is  called  the  Dau- 
fbin.  The  Monarchy,  which  has  ftood  ever  fince  the  year  420.  hath 
been  upheld  by  the  three  Royal  Races,  o£  Marovinian,  Carolinian,  and 
Capetine,m  a  Line  of  6  J  Kings.  Pepin  thethort,  Son  of  C/&<iy/«  Mar- 
r«/,depofed  Xhilclerich>the  laft  of  the  Merovignian  Line,  the  Pope  appro- 
ving and  confirnfting  of  it. 

About  the  year  918,  Hugh  CapetJ^iX  of  Paris,  outed  the  Caroline 
Family.  Since  this  Capettne  KacehSs  gone  in  three  Families;  firftin 
a  dire<5t  Line  till  i;28.  then  in  the  Houfe  of  Valois,  till  Henry  the 
Fourth,  of  the  Houfe  of  J?tffc/^o»,  Anno  I  ^89. 

Among  other  TttUs,  the  King. hath  that  oi Mofi  Chrifiian,  and  EUefi 
Son  of  the  Church,  beftowed  upon  him  by  the  Pope. 

The  Arms  have  been  Three  Flower-de-luces  Azure,  in  a  Field  Or, 
ever  fince  Charles  the  Sixth.  ■  '  \ 

The  Chriftian  Religion  was  here  firft  planted  by  Martizlis  amlDng 
the  Gauls;  but  among  the  Frenchby  Remigius,  in  the  time  o\  Clevis  the 
Gfeat.  At  prefcnt  the  people  are  divided,  fome  following  the  Roman, 
others  tlie  Reformed  Religion,  which  have  occafioned  two  feveral 
MaiTacres,  viz,,  that  or.  Merindol  and  Chabricres  1 5-45'.  upon  the  Bor- 
ders of  France  and  oavoy\  the  other  that  at  Paris,  1^12.  anJ  novBi 
this  late  PerieCution. 
'■^"■■'>.^v'-  ■".-    yh..  V    ;   .     .  .  -    The 


^Rili 


/ 


.  c  6f  ffdffct  -         193 

'  the. kingdom  fecdmpdfe^  of  three  OrcJers  or  fefta^es  j  t^e  CKergy, 
the  Nobilitf,  and  Commons,  there  arc  16  Arehbifiops,  106  Bifhops, 
befides  thole  of  /irras,  Tournay y  and  Ttrplgnani  16  Abbot s,VUa^di  oi 
Orders,  or  Congregations  j  about  ^oooo  Curate  flips  ^  tcfides  ixiany 
other  Ecclefiafiical  Dignities  :  Several  general  and  particular  Govern- 
ments^ 12  Ancient  Petrfiipsj  and  divers  of  nevir  Creation ;  a  great  num- 
ber of  Principalities,  Dukedoms ,  Marquifates,  EarUoms,  Baronies,  and 
other  Lordjhips :  Eleven  Varliaments^  eight  Chambers  of  accounts,  zz 
Generalities, ot  TublickP laces  of  Receit  of  the  King's  Revenue. 

There  are  fow  Principal  Rivers;  the  5«»<?,  whofe  Water  is  account- 
ed the  ftrongeft  in  the  world,  and^  more  wholfome  to  drink  than 
Fountain- water.  The  Loire,  King  of  the  French  Rivers;  the  Garonne, 
moft  Navigable  ;  and  the  Rhone,  or  Rofiteg  moft  rapid.  By  others  thus 
CharaiSeriwd  5  the  teire  the  fweeteft,  the  Rhone  thb  fwifteft,  the  Ga- 
ronne the  greateft,  and  the  Seine  the  richeft* 

The  Seine  rifethih  BuriunJy,  watering  Paris  and  Roane,  disburthdAe. 
ing  it  felf  into  the  £»g/'y»  Channel.    The  Se^imna  of  Cafar. 

Theloyrerifeth  about  the  Mountains  of  Mvergne,  being  the  higheft 
in  France,  watering  l<!antes  and  Orleance,  and  augmenting  with  72  lefler  • 
Rivers,  mingleth  its  fweet  Waters  in  the  Bifcain  or  Oajcoigne  Sea.  Tho 
Ligeris  of  Cafar,  ,  y 

The  RJime,  or  Rhofne,  fpringeth  up  about  mree  miles  from  the 
Head  of  thQ  Rhine,  Watering  Lions,  Avignon,  &c,  and  taking  in  13 
leffer  Rivers,  falleth  into  ihQ  Mediterranean  Sea  tiQur  Aries.  The  Rhoda^ 
nusoi  Cajar. 

The  Garonne,  running  from  the  Pjrenean  Hills,  glideth  by  the  Walls 
of  Bourdeauie  and  Tholouje,  andjtyith  the  addition  of  16  other  Rivers 
dilatesitfelf  into  the  Aquitaits,  no^  Btjcatn  Ocean.  The  Garumna-of 
Cafar. 

The  Mountains  by  Ancient  Authors  were  the  Gf^^ww^i  by  Cafar,  Cam- 
mani  Pjro/.c^lr<i/.  running  along  by  Languedoc,  Chevcnnes,and  Auvergne, 
now  les  Sevennes. 

The  Jura,Caf.Juraffm  Ptol.  which  divideth  the  Frf»c/&  County  from 
Savoy  and  the  Sviifes,  now  called  by  fevcral  Names. 

The  yogtfrn,  almoft  Encircling  Lorrain,  and  dividing  it  from  Alfatia 
and  Burgundy  ;  novv  Vauge  Mens,  5CC. 

,  There  are  feveral  Divifions  of  France,  which  refpetSt  the  Church  ; 
the  Nobility,  the  Courts  of  Juftice,  and  the  Finances.  But  it  fuffices  here 
to  fay,  That  the  general  ftate  of  the  Kingdom  was  held.  An.  16 14, 
after  the  Majejly  of  Lewis  th?  XTTT*,^.  and  that  then  all  the  Provinces 
met  under  12  great  Gove.-*i.icnts ,  Four  of  thefe  Governments  lye  to- 

C  c  ward 


•\ 


■4U:. 


-^ 


Of  Fun^. 


ward  the  Nor^h.upoti  the  5^e^  and  thoTe  other  lU^ers  that  fall  into 
-it,  o/ift.  PiccaJjf  Normandy  y  the  Jjle  of  France,  AtyStCbampagne. 

Towards  the  middle^  adjoiftihg  to  theLwr*^  Bretagne,  Orknoife^  Bour- 
gognty  Liofinoifi.  The  other  four,  toward  the  South,  near  the  Garonne, 
viz,  Gttienne,  Languedocy  Dauphitie,  and  Provence  :  Under  the  Orlenoife  h 
comprehended  Maine,  Pcrche,  and  Beauce :  On  thfs  fide  of  the  Loire,  JVi- 
'pernois,  Touraine,  and  Jnjou  ;  above  the  faid  River,  beyond  it,  Toi^ou, 
j^ngoumou,  and  Berry.  "         '         . 

Burgundy  hath  Brejt^ :  Under  Lionnois  are  comprehended  Lionnois,  Au- 
-vergncj  Bsurhonnis,  and  Marche:  Under  G«/>»«e  is  Bearne,Gafcoigne  ind 
Guienne  it  felf,  Saintoinge,  Perigort,  Limofm,  Qutrci,  and  Rovergue :  UR' 
6tr  Languedoc  \s  Cevennes.  •  V     ,    ^      -. 

In  each  of  thefe  Governments  are  feveral  great  Cities,  the  chief  of 
which  I  (hall  fpeak  of  in  order,  viz..  In  Piccardy  the  Storehoufe  of  Paris . 
for  Corn,  is  i.  Calais,  called  by  Cafar,  Port  us  yecius ;  Portus  Britapnu- 
cus,  Morinerum  Plin.  Prom.lcitm  Ptol.  held  by  the  Englifj  near.  200 
years,  being  taken  by  Edward  the  III</.  after  eleven  months  Siege,  in 
1347.  but  unfortunately  loft  by  Queen  Mary,  i^Sl'  Seated  oppofite 
to  Dover  in  England,  from  whence  it  is  diftant  about  Ten  Leagues :  A-. 
flrong  Town  of  great  importance,  and  accounted  the  Key  of  Fr^iwf . 
Not  far  'from  Calais,  at  a  place-called  Agincourt  was  the  Flower  of  the 
French  Nobility  taken  and  flain  by  King  Henry  theFifrh  oi  England^  viz. 
5  Dukes,  8  Earls,,  2^  Lords,  8000  Knights  and  Gentlemen,  and 
ijooo  common  Soldiers. 

2.  BulloignjCeforiacum  Navale  Ptol.  Portus  Mdrinorum  Plin.  Civit.  Boncm^ 
nenjium  Ant.  Portus  Gejforiacus  of  Cafar  \  a  ftrong  Frontier-Town,  ta- 
ken by  Henry  the  VIIIf-&  of  England,  t  ^44.  at  which  time  the  Empe- 
ror Mximilian  bore  Arms  under  the  Engliflj  Crofs.  >   \ 

5;  Amiens,  Samarobrina  Gaf.  Samarobriga  Ptol.  Civit.  Ambianenfts  Ant.  . 
■  a  Walled  Town,  featcd  upon  the  Seine;  well  fortified  with  an  Impreg- 
nable Citadel,  built  by  Henry  thclVtL  But  moft  famous  for  its  Cathe- 
dral, fo  beautified  within,  and  adorned  without,  that  "tis  the  faireft' 
and  moft  lovely  Stru<fture.in  the  Weft  of  Europe. 

4.  St.  Quint  in,  Augufia  Romanduorum  Ptol.  Civit'.  Veromarmorum  Ant. 
Quin^iim^olis  &  Fanum  St.  QuinBine  in  Script  is  Gall,  two  Leagues  from 
Augufia  y'eromanduorum,  now  l^erman^y  Baud.  Crecie,  the  French  G<?»»<e,fa». 
mous  for  their  great  Overthrow,  and  the  Vid^ory  of  the  Englifljm  the  . 
Reign  of  Pi6////>  the  Sixth.  A  ftrong  Frontier-Town,  memorable  for 
the  Battel  there.  An.    i^y?.  where  King  PM/p  XL  oi  Spain,  with  . 
the  Englifh,  under  the  Command  of  the  EaFl  of  Pembroke,  overthrew , 
tbe  whole  Forges  of  the..Frwc)&. 

Laon,'j 


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,.      Of  Frsftce,  i(^ 

Laon,  a  Birtiop^s  See,  whofe  Bifhop  is  one  of  the  Twelve  Peers  of 

France,  hauduvum  Ant. 

Soijpmsf  Au^ufata  Veffomm  Ptol.  ^  Bifliop's  See,  the  laft  place  the 
Romans  held  m  Gaul,  driven  out  by  Clovis  the  Fifth. 

^..Guife,  of  moft  Note  for  the  Dukes  of  Guife,  a  Family  that  in  a ' 
little  time  produced  two  Cardinals,  and  fix  Dukes,  befides  many 
Daughters  married  into  the  beft  Houfes  of  Fr<»»«. 

In  T^iormandy,  formerly  Neafiriaj  are,  i.  Roven,  or  Roariy  RhoUrna- 
gtts,  VtoL  Rothomngusy  Ant.  feated  on  the  Banks  of  the  River  Seine , 
over  which  there  is  a  famous  Bridge.  Taken  by  Htnry  the  Fifth 
after  fix  Months  Siege,  where  were  famiihed  foooo,  and  1.2000 
Starvelings  turned  out  of  the  Town.  An  Archbifliops  See,  and  Par- 
liament. In  the  chief  Church,  called  Nojire-Damey  is  the  Sepulchre  of 
•JoJjn  Duke  of  BedfirJf.  It  is  a  place  of  as  great  a  Trade  as  any  in  France, 
and'one  of  the  prinapal  Cities  where  Exchanges  are  ufed.. 

Diepa,  or  Diepey  a  City  of  fome  Traide,  being  a  common  Landing- 
place  for  the  Englifhy  in  their  paflage  into  France.  And  is  famous  for 
its  Fidelity  and  Allegiance  to  Henry  tjie  Fourth,  when  thfc  Guijjian  F^- 
;    <aion  in  derifion  called  him  King  oi^Diepe. 

Fakciay  or  Falaifty  once  a  ftrong  Townj  memorable  for  the  Story 
of  Arlettht  Skinners -Daughter,  of  whom  Puke  Rohrt  begat  William 
'.  the  Conqueror;  in  fplght  to  whom,  and  difgrace  to  his  Mother,  the 
Englifl)  call  Whoresy  Harlots.  Here  alfo-  was  the  Rofd'  Tuetot,  and  Fer- 
,  »«//,  whenbefiegedty  Philip  the  Second  of  France.  King  RicBard  the 
i  Firft  of  England  to  keep  his  promife,  broke  through  the  Palace  of 
/  Wefiminftery  and  raifed  the  Siege.  Gifors  is  a  ftronglR-ontier  Town. 

Haver  de.  Grace,  "Neivhaven  by  the  Englt^y  in  Latiny  Fravcifcopolis ;  a 
Cautionary  \flown  to  Queen  Elizabeth,  tortus  Gratia  of  old.  SeeZySa- 
gium  &  SaiuMy  is  a  Bifhops  Seat. 

Auranchcsy  Ingena  Ptol.  Civit.  Ahrincantnm  Ant.  ■         .    ^   • 

Coutancesy  Conftantia  Ant.  Cherbourgy  Cajaris  Burgum,  a  ftrong  Sea- 
Ccaft  Town. 

Cherbourg  IVicky  &  LaHogusy  ftill  laments  as  well  as  acknowledges 
the  P'"'ningof  14  or  i)  French  Capital  Ships  by  the  Englifj,  Anno 
1692. 

Aumaky  or  Albemarle,  Longmvilk,  Alenfon,  &  Damville,  gives  the 
Title  of  Dukedoms. 

Bayeux,  Cit.  Bajocaffiuint  Ant.  Caen  Cadomus,  graced  with  an  Uni- 
verfity  founded  by  Ling  Henry  the  Fifth,  King  of  England,  and  the 
Abbey,  with  the  Tombs  of  William  the  Conqueror,  and  ili<?«<^  his 
Wife. 

C  c  z  Lyfeux 


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Of  Fraf/ee, 


Lyfeifif  Cit,  Lexcvirum  Ant,  ^urtux  MAlanum  Vtol.  &c.  a  BlHiops 
See,  rich  and  flourifliing. 

The  third  Government  is  the  Ifle  of  Francey  whofe  City  is  Taris, 
formerly  Lutetia,  becaufe  feated  in  a  Clayie  Soil.  A  City  that  for 
its  Richesj  Power,  and  Number  of  Inhabitants,  may  contend  with 
any  in  ^urofe\  Seated  on  the  Seine,  and  on  a  Soil  fo  fertile,  that  no 
City  knows  fuchNPlenty;  *tis  Dignified  with  the  Ordinary  Refidence 
of  the  King,  its  chief  Ornaments  are  the  Palace  of  the  Louvre^  (b 
much  fam  a  abroad :  The  Palaces  of  the  Nobility,  viz,.  That  of  Lux- 
tmburg,  its  Palace-Royal,  its  Church  of  Nofiredame,  its  Univerfity, 
containing  five  Colleges ;  the  Halls  of  Juftice,  the  Courts  of  Parlia- 
ment. The  En^Iifh  held  it  for  16  years,  and  there  Crowned  Jiing  Hen- 
ry the  Fifth  King  of  France. 

In  this  Province,  about  three  miles  from  Parity  is  feated  St.  r>«i«*r, 
Fantim  S.  Dionijii ,  famous  for  the  Sepulchres  of  the  French  Kings : 
The  Beautiful  Houfe  of  Fountain-belle-eau,  or  Fons-bello-atjua,  efteem< 
ed  one  of  the  faireft  in  Europe.  As  alfo  the  Royal  Manfion  of 
Sr.  Qermain,  feated  on  the  Afcent  of  a  Hill,  feven  miles  from  Paris^ 
down  the  Water.  And  Bois  Je  Vihcenms,  in  which  Henry  the  Fifth  end* 
ed  his  days. 

Senlis  is  the  chief  City  of  the  Dukedom  of  Valoisy  the  Silna  NeSfam 
of  Ant.  which  gave  name  to  the  French  Kings  of  the  Second  Branch 
of  the  Capets,  which  begun  in  Philip  Galois,  Anno  1528.  In  his  Reign 
was  fought  the  Battel  of  Crecie,  Anno  i;4;.  where  was  flain  John 
King  of  Bohemia.  11  Princes,  80  Barons,  120  Knights,  ancfi^oooo 
common  Soldiein^ 

la  Cbampaigne,  the  chief  City  is  Rheimes,  Duroeortum  of  Ctef.  Duro- 
cotorum  Ptol  Famous  for  being  the  place  where  the  French  Kings  are 
commonly  Crowned  and  Anointed :  Therein  alfo  is  Langres,  Andoma- 
^  tunum  of  Ptol.  the  Seat  of  the  Twelve  Peers  of  France.  Trois,  the 
Augujlomania  of  Ptol^&  Civitas  Tricajfium  of  Ant.  the  meeting- place  of 
€W«  the  Sixth,  and  Henry  xhQ  <^th.  Kings  of  France  ^na  England, 
where  the  Vidorious  King  was  efpoufed  to  Katherine  Daughter  to 
King  Charles  aforefaid. 

Bretagne,  or  Britany,  of  old  Armorica,  lb  called  from  the  Eritains, 
who  flew  thither  in  the  time  of  the  Saxons  Tyranny  over  them  in 
England.  Formerly  the  Titles  of  the  Earls  of  Richmond.  Its  Sea- Port 
Towns  are  Brf^,  Vendenna  Partus,  feated  upon  a  fpacious  Bay,  the  Key, 
the  Bulwark,  and  beft  Harbour  in  France.  St.  Makes,  Aletha  &  Mack^ 
wwwjbuilt  on  a  Rock";  a  ftrong,  fair,  and  populous  City,  yet  often 
fpoiled  and  damaged  by  the  Englifh.    Inland  Towns  are,  l^ants.  Con- 

.      ,  divincum 


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0 


Of  JFrMffet. 


Jivincum  TtoL  Cit.  Natnmtum  Ant.  (bated  oh  the  Banks  of  the  Z^j'rr; 
and  Renmsi  Condate  of  Vtol  Cit,  Rodanum  Ant.  the  Parliament-City 
for  this  County.  Cannes,  Dariorigum  Vtol.  Cit.  Venetmn  Ant,  (fcituatc 
on  a  capacious  Bay  )  the  chief  Town  of  the  Old  Veneti.  Quimper 
Corentin,  Cmjopitum  Ant.  S.  Brieux,  Briocum.  Dol,  Dolts.  Treguier,  Tre" 
corium,  ohm  OJifmi,  S,  Tol  de  Leon,  Leona,  are  Bifhopricks.  Morlaix, 
Mont  RelaxuSf  Port  Ij)uis,  Blauet,  are  well  frequented  Ports.  - 

The  Government  oTOrUance  comprehends  Maine,  Perch,  Beauce,  JNil- 
vemoisy  Tonraine,  Anjou ;  ones  the  Title  of  Henry  the  Second,  King  of 
England,  and  Earl  of  Anjou,    Its  chief  Cities  are,  -  ' . 

I.  Orleancej  of  old,  Gennahum  of  C4ef,  &  Strah,  Cenahum  Vtol  Att- 
relia.  Its  pleafant  Scituation  on  the  Loire  makes  it  very  beautiful  and 
delightful.  Once  the  Seat- Royal  of  its  own  Kings,  now  the  Title  of 
the  Second  Son  o£  France,  It  long  felt  the  force  of  an  Englijh  Siege, 
where  died  Great  Montacute  Earle  of  Salisbury,  On  the  chief  Bridge 
of  this  City  is  the  Statue  of  Joan  the  PuceUe  d«  Dieu,  or  M^id,  fo  al- 
fiftant  to  the  French  in  repelling  the  Engltfh,  and  raifing  the  Siege  of 
Orleance,  May  the  iitb,  1429.  Burnt  alive  by  the  Englijh,  An.  14;  i. 
after  which  time  the  Affairs  of  the  Englijh  grew  worfe  and  worfe ; 
for  in  An.  145  J.  Charles  the  Burgundian  fell  off;  and  in  14 n*  '^'*H^ot, 
a  man  of  great  Valour  and  ConduA,  was  flain  ;  and  nothing  was 
left  to  the  EngltjhhMt  Caltce,  of  all  that  the  Efigltf)  had  got  in  two  and 
forty  years. 

z.  Mans,  (Cit.  Cenomannorum  by  Antonius  j  by  Ptol.  Vidinum.) 
Vendofme,  which  gave  name  to  Antonio,  Father  to  Henry  the  Fourth. 

5.  Chartres^Carnutum Ant.  Ptol.  Atttricum^  feated  on  the  Loire ^  a 
fair  and  pleafant  City,  dignified  with  an  Univerfuy  for  the  Study  of 
the  Civil  Law. 

4.  Nevers,  Noviodunum,  Cafar.  Nivernum  al.  Nivernium  Ant.  upon  the 
Loire,  dignified  with  an  Ancient  Dukedom. 

y.  Tours,  Cafarodunum  Ptol.  Turonum  Ant.  whers  the  Proteftants  are 
faid  firft  to  have  begun  in  France ^  and  were  called  Hugonots :  Nigh  to 
this  place  it  was,  that  Charles  Martel,  Father  of  King  Pc;>w,  in  An.  73  2. 
difcomfited  an  Army  of  about  400000  Saracens,  of  which  were  flain 
near  570000. 

£/o;j,pleafanily  feated^and  in  a  good  Air;  where  the  Duke  of  Guife, 
the  firft  mover  of  the  Civil  Wars,  and  contriver  of  theMaflacre  at 
Paris,  was  flain  by  the  command  of  Henry  the  Third. 

6,  Angiers,  by  Ptolomy  called  Juliujmagus,  Ande^lavttm  Ant.  of  a 
large  Circuit,  well  built,  feated  in  a  good  Air,  and  made  an  Uni* 

verfity, 

'\      ■     ~    '  ■  ■■■  -       '         .  ■    ■'■...    . 


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vcrfity.  Beatifarty  belonging  to  the  Duke  of  Lancafier,  nigh  which 
Town  was  the  Duke  oi  Clarence,  firother  to  Henry  the  Fifth,  flain. 

7.  ToiSiiers,  by  Ptol.  Augu/^orifum,  Civ,  Pt^avorum  Ant.  an  Univerfi- 
•ty,  famous  for  the  ftudy  of  the  Civil  Law,  and  for  Grcatnefs  faid  to 
be  next  to  Paris,  In  the  Vine-fields,  two  Leagues  from  the  City,  was 
fought  that  memorable  Battel  between  John  of  France,  and  Edward 
the  Son  of  King  Edward  the  III</.  firnamed  the  Black  Prince,  who  with 
8000  mm  overcame  the  French  Army  of  40000,  whereof  loooo 
were  flain,  befides  Nobles ;  Prifoners  taken  were,  King  John,  and  [lis 
Son  Philip,  70  Earls,  yo  Barons,  and  about  12000  Gentlemen. 

8.  Rochel,  feated  on  the  Jquitain  Ocean ;  a  place  of  great  Trade, 
and  of  greater  ftrength,  before  it  was  difmantled  1 627.  witnefs  its 
many  Sieges ;  An.  1^70,  by  Jarvil.  Anno  i5'73,  by  Byron  with  an 
Army  of  yoooo  men,  and  60  Pieces  of  Artillery.  if7f,  and76. 
It  was  attempted  by  Landeriau.  In  i  f  77,  by  Lanfae.  In  the  troubles 
ofif8y,  and  88,  it  was  the  Retreat  of  the  lying  of  JV<?T<»rr?,  and 
Prince  of  Conde.  Her  Commodities,  Rochel- Wine,  Salt  andL  Brandy, 
RupeUa  Ant,  Mortus  Santorum,  i'tol, "  \  '        _ 

9.  Angvulefme.  Encuhfma  al.  Cit.  EtoUnenfium  Ant,  '    ,^'  ■  ^  '' 

10.  Bourges,  a  Town  of  great  ftrength  by  Nature,  and  well  forti- 
fied by  Art:  fcituate  in  alow  Flat,  amongft  deep  impaffible  Bogs  and 
Marflies:  Tis  an  Archbiihoprick,  and  one  of  the  beft  Univerfities  in 
France y  called  Avarici.nt  in  Cajars  time,  of  old  Bituricum  Ant.Vartcum 
Ptol, 

Sancerre,  a  ftrongTown,  memorable  for  a  defperate  and  long  Siege 
in  the  Reign  of  Charles  the  Ninth. 

In  the  Province  of  Bourgundy,  once  a  Kingdom,  is  firft,  Dijon,  Divio' 
Tium,  built  by  the  Emperor  Aurelian  ;  proud  in  her  Parliament,  and  for 
giving  Birth  to  St.  Bernard ;  feated  upon  the  Scafne.  Next  are  Auxerre 
AntiJJiodoram  Ant,  Cbalon,  CabuUinum  Strab.  CabaHinum  Ptol.  CaviUonium 
Cajar,Ca/iram  Gabelionenfe  Ant.  Mafcon,  Caftrum  Macifccnenfe  Ant.  feated 
upon  the  Soa[ne,t\\Q  beft  Hold  of  King  Charles  the  Seventh,  in  his  hard 
Wars  againft  the  Engltjh.  .  >  • 

Aliz,e,  now  a  fmall  Village,  formerly  Alexia,  the  cheif  Fortrefs  of 
Vercingetcrix,  who  had  70000  men  in  the  Town,  when  befieged  by 
Cafar ;  and  an  Army  of  500000  Gauls^  at  the  back  ofCaJar,  to  re- 
lieve their  fellows  j  notwiihftandirg  all  which,  the  Town  was  yield- 
ed to  Cafar,  and  Vercttigeterix  fate  at  his  feetj  and  became  hisPrifoner. 
Philip  the  third.  Grandchild  to  Philip  the  Hardy,  united  to  this  Dutchy 
almoft  all  the  Bclgick  Provinces,  but  Charles  his  Son  in  the  War  againft 
Leivis  the  Eleventh^  loft  his  Men,  Money,  and  Life,  at  the  Battels 

'  •   ■  ,  .       .  .^-- 

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Of  Vf$nck  199 

t^Granfon,  Morat  Atid  Nanfjf,  i^j6.  afterwards  this  Dutchy  was  fei- 
zed  on  by  tht  French, 

Adjacent  to,  and  in  the  Government  of  Bourgundy,  is  Brefi,  the  chief 
Town  thereof  is  Bourgy  or  Brifs  j  a  place  well  built,  and  fo  ftrongly 
fortified, that  it  is  efteemed  impregnable.  x 

J.  This  Countrey  was  by  the  Duke  of  Savoy  delivered  to  Henry  the  IV. 
oi  France y  in  lieu  of  the  Marquifate  diSaluces,  1600. 

In  the  Province  of  Quien,  wherein  are  the  Provinces  of  Gafeoign, 
Guien  and  Bern,  are  many  Cities,  the  cheif  whereof  are,  Bourdeauxy 
Burdegala  Strab.  &  Ptol.  Cit.  BurdegaUnfium  Ant.  feated  upon  the  Banks 
of  theRiver  Gfrwwf ;  famous  for  being  the  Birth-place  of  King  Richard 
the  II.  of  England :  at  prefent  honoured  with  an  Univerfity  and  Par* 
liament,  and  is  a  place  of  good  Trade.  Near  to  this  City  is  thefmall 
Village  called  Greve,  which  yields  thofe  Excellent  Wines,  called  Graves 
Wine 

About  the  Year  12^9.  Lewis  of  France  gave  unto  Henry  the  Third 
fX  England,  the  Dutchy  of  Guien,  conditionally,  that  he  fliould  re- 
nounce all  Title  to  his  other  Inheritances.  It  continued  Englift  till 
14^2. 

In  the  particular  Guien  is  the  Province  Saint oignc^o^Q  chief  place 
is  Saintes,Mediolanum  of  old^  Strab.  Mediolanium  Ptol.  Cit»  Santorum  Ant. 
2.  The  Province  of  P«r/f  or?,  whofe  chief  place  is  Verigueux,  Veffunaof 
TtoL  Cit.  Tetrogoriorum  Ant.  Environed  with  Viney-Do^vns,  divided 
into  two  Towns,  g.  The  Province  of  Limofin,  whole  cheif  place  is 
Limoges,  Ratia^uhf  Ptol,  Lemovicum  al.  LemavicumAm.  the  Prifon  of  Beg- 
gers.  4.  The  Province  of  Querci,  whofe  chief  place  is  Cahors,  Dueona 
Ptol.  Cit.  Cadorcorum  Ani.  a  Rich  and  Fair  City.  y.  The  Province  of 
Rovergue,  whofe  chief  place  is  Rodez,,  Segodunum  Ptol,  Cit,  Rotenorunk 
Ant. 

In  the  Province  ofG^/fo^^w  are  feveral  Countries,  whofe  chief  Cities 
or  Towns  AVQBaz,affioffium  oiPtol,  Cit.  Vafatum  Ant.  Dax  or  0*Acques, , 
Atjue  Aug^jta  of  Ptol.  Cit.  Aqutncium  Ant.  Auch^  Augufla  of  Ptol.  Cit. 
Aufciorum  Ant.  an  Archbifliop's  See.  Agen,  Aginium  Ptol,  Agennenfium 
Ant.  Condom,  Condomum,  a  Bifhoprick.  Bajonne^  Baiona  Merc,  neai: 
Spain, 

In  the  middle  of  the  fmall  River  Fidofa,  between  France  and  Spain, 
is  tlie  Ifland  Faifans,  (not  mentioned  by  any  Geographer  I  know 
of)  where  Cardinal  Maz,arine,  and  Don  Lewis  de  Haro  began  thePy- 
reneanTxQSity  the  igth  ofAugufi,  16^9.  and  whence  in  the  Year  1660. 
hapned  the  Interview  between  the  two  Kings,  and  the  Reception  of 
thQ.Infanta ;  when  the  Ifland,  was  divided  in  the  middle;  and  a  Houfe 

built 


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SCO 

builc  fo,  that  at  the  Table  where  the  two  King  fate  to  eat,  the  King 
di  France  fate  in  Trance ^  and  the  King  of  Spain  in  Spain, 

In  the  Government  of  JLionoifey&rG  thefeveral  Provinces  of  Liowife, 
*jivergne,  tourbon  and  March. 

In  Lionoife,  the  chief  City  is  Lyc»/,  by  the  Ancients,  luyJunmn'^ 
feated  upon  the  conjundion  of  the  Rofne  with  the  SoatiCy  efteemcd  the 
fecond  City  of  France ;  a  Famous  Mart-Town,  Ancient,  and  the  See 
of  an  Archbifhop,  who  is  Primate  of  all  France. 

In  Avergne  is  Cleremonty  Claro  Montiumy  upon  its  high  Mountain,  '^' 

In  Bourbon f  Mculins,  the  Centre  of  France.    MoUnuniy  of  old  much 

rcforted  unto  from  all  parts  of  i=V<«w«  for  its  Hot  Medicinal  Baths.  G^r- 
gobia  alGergobinaCafarytefie  Farad.  &  Belfor,  .     . 

In  March,  Cueret  and  Bellac,  are  the  moft  confiderable. 

In  the  Government  of  I.a»<%««</w  arc,  i.  Tboloufe,  Talofa  Caf.  Strah. 
Ttolomy,  feated  on  the  G/?ro»«e,  the  Seat  of  an  Archbifhop,  and  aaUni- 
verfity;  whofe  large  Fields,  called  by  old  Writers  Campi  Catalau- 
nicif  ( which  I  rather  think  to  be  the  Fields  near  Chalons)  were  memo- 
rable for  the  overthrow  of  ^«/A»,  King  of  the  Hms,  whofe  Army 
confifted  of  fooooo.  of  which  1 80000  that  day  loft  their  lives,   by 
vStius  the  Roman  Lieutenant,  who  was  rewarded  (  by  Falentinian,  Em- 
peror of  the  J^eJ}  )  with  the  lofs  of  his  Head.    a.  Nmkon,  Norbo  of 
Ca[.  Plin,  &  Narhona  Suet.  A.  Man  in  the  RoManlnfAncy  the  moft  po- 
pulous and  greateft  Town  in  France,  and  the  firft  Roman  Colony  (  Car- 
thage excepted. )  To  which  Arcbelaus  (  Son  to  Hirod  King  of  the 
Jtws)  was  baniflied  by  Augujius.    5.  Montpelier,  MontpijfMnm,  (ear- 
ed on  a  high  Mountain  twelve  miles  from  the  Sea  j  an  Univerfity  for 
the  Study  of  Phyfick,  the  Country  about  affording  variety  of  Medici- 
nal Herbs;  memorable  for  the  Refiftance  it  made  againft  Lt-wn  the 
XIII.  in  the  laft  Civil  War  about  Religion.  Nifmes,  Nemauftu,  Strab, 
Mel  Ncmauftum  Vim.  &  Ptol,  &  Nemaujenjium  Ant.     In  the  Year  1 270. 
Languedoc  returned  to  the  Crown  in  the  days  of  Thtltp  the  Third.    . 

In  the  Government  of  Dauphin,  (  which  is  the  Title  of  the  firft  Sen 
of  France)  \%Vienna,  Scituatcon  the  Rojne'y  an  Archbifliop's  See,  and 
rhe  chief  of  this  Province  ;  2.  f^alence,  a  Bifhop's  See,  andTJnivcrfity 
for  the  Civil  Law  ;  a  Rich,  Strong,  and  well-traded  Town  ;  the 
Title  of  C afar  Borgia,  when  he  caft  off  his  CardinaPs  Hat.  ;.  Greno- 
hie,  Cit.  Gratianopolua  Ant.  dccuftonorum  Col.  Vtol.  Grationopolis  Sido  & 
P.  Diac.  a  Parliament-Seat ;  Briancen,  Brigantio  Ant.  Gap,  Cit,  Apencen- 
jinmAnt.  Sec.  Of  the  Seven  Wonders  of  Danphine,  fee  Allard  Syha  in 
Latm  Verfe,  which  are,  i.  The  Burning  Fodntain :  2.  The  Tower 
Sane  Venin;  3. The  inacceffiblc  Mountain:  4.  The  Wine- Fats  of  Saf- 


Jinage 
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Jinage :  y.  The  Vinous  Fountain  ?  6.  The  Manna-€»f  BrUncon  :  7.  And  ^ 
the  Fountain  of  B4r^»ro».  H' 

Provence  took  its  name  from  the  Romans,  who  being  called  in  by  the 
MarfilianSf  polTeffed  themfelves  of  this  Country  until  Stillico  called  in 
the  Rurgundians,  of  which  Kingdom  it  was  a  member^  until  the  time 
of  the  Ojirogotbi,  Ann.  f  04.  In  the  Year  1480.  Rbene,  Grandchild 
to  Leai^arDuke  of  Anjou,  Brother  to  Charles  the  firft,  gave  it  to  hewis  / 
the  Eleventh  Kingof  Fr^wce.  Chief  Towns  are,  1.  AUrfeiUes,  Majfilia, 
commodioufly  feated  on  the  Mediterranean  Seif  enjoying  an  Excellent 
Haven  and  Road  for  Ships;  a  place  of  great  Trade,  and  well  fre-  , 
quented  with  Merchants,  and  a  Colony  of  the  Pbocians.  '; ". 

2.  Aix,  Atju/t  Sextia,  a  Parliament  Seat;  near  this  Town  the  C/w- 
hriy  confifting  of ; 00000  fighting  men,  as  they  paflTed  by  Marinsy  ask- 
ed his  Soldiers  what  Service  they  would  command  them  to  Rome  \h\\t 
in  then*  niarch  through  the  Alpes,  (having  divided  themfelves)  Matius ,.  r 
put  them  ail  to  the  Sword ;  who  had  flain  Q^  Servilius  Capio^  and  his  ;  , 
whole  Army,  after  hisfurprifal  and  pillaging  of  the  Aurum  Tolojaniirr, 
3.  Aries f  Arelate  Vltn.  &  Ardatam  Col,   Ptol.  4.  Tvtilon^   Tauroentium 
Vtol  Taurentium  Strab.  the  beft  Sea-port  Town  in  all  France,  On  the 
North-Weft  of  Provewc  lies  the  principality  of  Or«»w^^,whofe  chief  place  • 
is  Orange,  Araujia  Plin.  Arujio  Strab.  Col.   Araujiorunt  Ptol.  C.  AraHJiw' 
rum  Ant.   Famous  for  many  Rare  and  Wonderful  Antiquities ;  be-    *  ■ 
longing  of  Ancient  Right  to  his  Illuftrious  Highnefs  the  Prince  of 
Orange,  but  of  late  years  feized  upon  by  the  French  King. 

South  of  which  lies  the  County  o^Venafin,  fo  called  from  Avenio,      \ 
now  Avignon,  the  chief  City  of  it ;  Famous  for  being  the  Ancient  Seat  °  \ 
of  the  Popes,  for  about  70  years ;  faid  to  have  7  Parifh  Churches, 
7  Monafteries>  7  Nuniieries,  7  Palaces,  7  Inns,  and  7  Gates  to  ics 
Walls. 

To  thcfe  Governments  might  be  added  Lorrain^the  Frer-^  Comte,/lI' 
face,  moft  part  of  the  Spanijh  Provinces,  the  Gourtty  of  RoujWon  on  the    •• 
Coaft  of  Spain,  being  now  under  the  French  King's  Conquefts ;  but 
for  Method  and  Order- (like,  I  (hall  refer  them  to  the  proper  place. 

The  chief  Iflands  of  France,  are,  i.  Strong  Bell-I(le,  Venetica  Sar. 
Calofm,  2.  Salt  Normoufiitr.  ;.  Ree,  the  Out- work  to  Rochd,h\.A 
to  the  Englijh  1627.  4.  Oleron,  Uliaras,  whQm  Richard  the  III.  gave 
thofe  Laws  as  Lord  of  the  Sea,  known  to  the  World  by  the  Title  ci 
The  Laws  of  Okron.  y.  The  Tower  dXardovan  in  the  mouth  of  the 
Garonne,  6.  The  Ifle  Oufjftnt,  Uxantus;  by  the  Erglijh,  UJlnnt ,  oS Qi- 
againft  the  Liz,ard.  In  the  Mediterranean  lye  the  Ifles  de  Eres,  the  St^- 
cbades  of  Ptol,  i  .  . 

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SPAIN,  by  the  Greeks  firft  called  J^m'^  5  not  from  i^<;r«/  the  moft 
famous  River  in  that  Kingdom ;  nor  from  Iberi,  a  people  of  y^/7^ ; 
OuiJ  igitur  (  inquit  Bochartus  )   Ebrais  "^^y  Eber,   CbaUait  K^^V  E^r^, 
vel  Ibra  eft  tranfttw,  &  quia^juid  eft  ulterius.  Inde  fkrale  Ebrin  vel  Ebrm,  ter. 
mmos  &  iinesfiinificat :  Mertto  igitur  Iberidiiti,  qui  ex  Phamciumfententta 
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O/Spdiff.  '     aoj 

Perrarum  fines  uUtmos  bahitf.runt.  It  wasalfo  Called  Hi/J><r/<i,  either  from 
HefperMy  a  Ring  thereof ;  or  rather  as  being  the  furiheft  Country 
Weft-ward.  So  alfo  by  the  Greeh  and  Romans  it  was  called  's.TM.Adf 
from  fan,  the  Companion  of  Bacchm.  By  the  Vhinicians  Spantj,  or 
Spbania,  a  Country  of  Rabbets  or  Conies  j  Uftly,  by  the  Moors  Mut- 
Arabia, 

Conjointly  with  Portugal,  it  makes  a  great  Teninfula^  htmg  encom- 
pafTed  with  the  Octan,  and  the  Mediterranean  Sea ;  only  towards  the 
North-Eaft,  for  2^0  miles^  its  iirmly  tack'd  to  the  Continent  by  the 
Pjrtnean  Hills.  . 

It  is  fcituate  in  the  moft  Weftern  part  of  ah  Europe,  in  the  niolr 
Southerly  part  of  the  Northern  Temperate  Zone,  and  the  longeft 
Summer  s  day  is  about  I  ^  hours.  '• 

As  for  the  Dimenfions,  it  is  faid  to  be  in  length  from  "Porto  on  the 
mouth  of  the  River  Duero,  to  Cape  Creus  in  Catalonia,  Coo  Geometrical 
miles.  And  from  Cape  Gihralter  to  Cape  Penas,  in  the  Bay  of  Rifca,  for 
the  breadth,  is  480  miles.  By  Cluver  760  miles  in  length,  and  60c  in 
breadth. 

Heylin,  who  follows  Jofepbtts,  faith,  this  Kingdom  was  firft  inhabited 
byih5.r»  iny  oi  tubal,  xhQ^ono^  J apbet,  being  the  Defcendants 
of  the  7^f>/i,  whocamein  under  Panus. 

Cluver  faith,  that  the  Celtie,  a  great  and  potent  Nation,  dcfcended 
from  Afchenaz,,  were  the  firft  that  did  people  Spain,  and  caufed  the 
whole  Country  to  be  called  Celtiberia, 

The  next  Foreigners  that  came  into  Spain,  were  the  Pbxniciavs, 
failing  from  Tyrus,  as  Diodcrm  and  Strabo  relate.  Then  the  Greeks  or 
Rhodians ;  afterwards  the  Cartbagenians  did  overrun  a  great  part  of 
it  Cunder  the  conduA  of  Amilcar,  Afdrubal,  and  Annibal  )  even  from 
the  Weftern  Ocean,  to  the  Pyrenes ;  deftroyed  Saguntum,  now  Mor- 
Wrf,  built  new  Cartbage;  and  had  not  Annibals  ill  Fate  hurried  him 
ioz  Italy,  the  whole  Country  had  been  fubdu'd  to  the  State  of  Car- 
thage. 

But  the  Cartbagenians  being  overcome  by  the  Romans  in  the  fecond 
Punick  War,  it  fell  under  the  Dominion  of  the  Romans^  by  whom  it 
was  divided  into  three  Provinces,  Batica,  Lufitanica,  and  Terraconevjis ^ 
Batica  was  bounded  on  the  North  and  Weft  by  the  River  Ana,  novv 
Gaudiana  ;  on  the  South  by  the  Mediterranean  Sea  as  far  as  Almeria  :  on 
the  Eaft  it  was  feparated  from  Terragon  by  a  ftraight  line  from  Almeria 
to  Cuidad  Real,  and  contained  the  Kingdoms  of  Granara,  Andaluz^ia, 
part  of  New  Cafhtle^  and  Ejiremadura,  and  was  inh^^''?d  by  the  Turdult 
Caftward,  and  by  thQCeltici  towards  the  Weft. 

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2C4  OfSfiin, 

Lufitania  was  bounded  on  the  North  by  the  River  Durius,  now 
Bmro ;  on  the  Weft  by  the  Ocean  ;  on  the  South  by  the  River  Gua- 
iliana  5  On  the  Eaft  by  a  line  drawn  from  CuUal  Real,  to  Samora^  a 
Town  feated  on  the  Ri»'er  Duero,  and  contains  almoft  all  Portugal, 
part  of  OUj  and  part  of  New  Cattle. 

The  reft  of  Spain  went  to  the  making  up  of  the  Province  of  Ter- 
ragon.  . 

The  Romans  alfo  divided  Spain  into  two  parts ;  the  one  Citerior,  the 
ether  Ulterior  j  the  firft  comprehended  the  Province  of  Terragon ;  the 
latter  did  comprife  Batica  and  Lufitania,  and  fo  remained  until  the 
time  of  Honorius  the  Emperor,  when  Gundertms,  King  of  the  Vandals, 
made  an  Irruption  out  of  Germany,  and  over-can  it  about  the  Year  of 
our  Lord  400.  The  Vandals  were  not  well  fetled  in  their  New  Con- 
queft,  when  the  Goths  feized  on  this  Country,  forcing  the  Vandals  in- 
to Batica,  and  after  into  Africa,  and  fo  made  the  Conqueft  abfolute. 
ThQ  Sayacens  and  Moan  invaded  it  in  the  Year  720.  under  the  Con- 
6u6t  of  Mufa  and  Tariff,  who  were  invited  in  by  Jttlian,  who  was 
fent  on  an  EmbafTy  to  the  iV/oorj  of  Africa  by  Roderick  the  Gothijh  King, 
but  in  the  mean  time  defloured  his  Daughter  Cava,  which  the  Father 
took  infuchindignation,that  he  procured  the  Moors  to  comcinto  Spain, 
who  after  a  Battel  that  lafted  7  days,  in  which  Roderick  had  i;oooo 
Foot,  and  gyooo  Horfe  j  and  Tariffe  had  50000  Horfe,  and  180000 
Foot,  the  Moors  were  Vidorious ;  and  having  haraflfed  the  whole 
Country,  founded  feveral  Kingdoms  therein ;  but  the  Moors  not  long 
enjoyed  the  fole  Sovereignty  therein ;  for  the  Goths  having  recovered 
themfelves,  the  Moors  by  little  and  little  were  brought  under.  Heylin 
tells  us,  thatatlaft  Spain  fell  into  a  12-partite  divifion,  viz.  Leon  and 
Oviedo,  Navare,  Corduba,  Gallicia,  Bijca,  Telle^a,  Murcia,  Cafiile,  Tor" 
tugal,  Vakntia,  Catalogne  and  Arragon.  But  I  chofe  rather  to  follow 
Cluver,  Mercator,  ^anjon,  who  all  agree,  that  at  laft  Spain  fell  under 
the  Command  of  feveral  more  powerful  Princes,  and  was  parted  into 
1 5*  grand  Divifions,  moft  of  which  carried  the  Title  of  Kingdoms  j 
five  lie  upon  the  Ocean,  Bifcaia,  /iftrmia,  Galicia,  Portugal,  and v?«rt''^- 
hfia  ;  fiveupon  the  Mediterranean,  Granada^  Murcia,  Vakntia,  Cata^ 
Ionia,  and  the  Ifland?  of  Majorca,  Minorca,  and  Tuica  j  and  five  Midland, 
viz.  Arragon,  Navar,  the  two  Capites,  and  Leon. 

Afterwards  the  whole  Country  was  reduced  under  the  Power  of  the 
Kings  oiCafltle,  Arragon  and  Portugal,  and  under  thefe  three  Titles  it 
is,  that  the  King  of  Spain  at  prefent  poffelTeth  his  large  Dominions, 
which  he  governs  by-  Eight  Vice- Roys.  But  in  the  Year  1640.  the 
Duke  of  Buiganza  was  proclaim'd  King  of  Portugal,  and  ever  fince  it 
continues  Independent,  The 


^?P<iii"fPMPMiMi 


a 


Of  Spdin,       •  20^' 

The  People  of  Spain  site  of  a  fwatthy  Complexion,  black  Hair,  and 
of  good  proportion ;  ftately  in  all  their  Anions,  of  a  Majeftical  Gate 
and  Deportment,  grave  and  ferious  in  their  Carriages,  in  offices  of 
Piety  very  devout,  not  to  fay  fuperftitious ;  obedient  and  faithful  to 
their  King :  patient  in  Adverfities,  not  prone  to  alter  their  Refolutions ; 
in  War  too  deliberate;  Arts  they  efteem  dilhonourable,  much  addided 
to  Women,  and  naturally  proud. 

Their  Women  fober,  difcreet,  indifferent  handfoine,  clear  com- 
plexioned,  loving  to  their  Husbands  and  Friends ;  yet  by  them  fo  nar- 
rowly watched  and  overlooked,  that  'tis  hardly  poftible  for  them  to 
have  conference  with  any  other  man. 

In  matters  of  Religion  they  are  Roman-Catholick,  and  are  moft 
ftridto  the  Rites  of  the  Ro?nan  Church,  and  of  the  Faith  and  Doctrine 
therein  profeffed  j  the  Inquifition  being  introduced  againft  all  other 
Beliefs ;  only  there  are  fome  Churches  in  Toledo  where  the  Mus  Arabic 
Office  isufed. 

The  Language  is  not  the  fame  in  all  places ;  in  fome  parts  it  hath 
a  mixture  of  tho  Frenclt:  In  Gramday  and  part  of  Andaluz^ia^  it  par- 
takes much  of  the  Moonflj:  In  other  parts  there  is  the  Gotbijh,  Jrahkk, 
and  old  Spanijlj ;  but  that  which  is  common  to  them  all,  is,  the  Vul- 
gar SpanijJ},  or  Caftilim,  which  hath  much  affinity  with  the  Latin,  and 
is  faid  to  be  a  brave  lofty  fwelling  Speech. 

Their  Civil  and  Imperial  Laws  generally  ufed  among  them,  are 
intermixed  with  m.iny  Cuftoms  of  the  Goths ;  the  Ediiits  and  Confti- 
tutions  of  their  feveral  Kings ;  thofe  of  the  Goths  firft  committed  unto 
writing,  and  to  order,  by  Eurkuu  firft  King  of  the  Goths :  thofe  of 
Caftik  digcfted  by  Ferdinand  the  Fifth  into  feven  Books,caUed  Partidas,. 
which  are  read  and  difputed  on  in  the  publick  Schools,  as  well  as  the 
Decretals,  the  Code,  the  Pandids,  or  any  other  part  of  Civil  or 
Common  Law. 

The  Country  is  not  very  fertile  in  Corn  or  Cattel ;  but  where  it  is 
produ<5live  of  whe  Fruirs  of  Nature,  it  yeilds  to  no  part  of  Europe  for 
Delight  and  Pleafure  ;  but  for  the  moft  part,  it  is  either  over- grown 
with  Woods,  or  cumbred  with  Rocky  Mountains ;  the  Soil  of  a  hot 
and  Sandy  Nature,  and  deficient  in  Water;  their  chief  Food  being 
Sallets  and  Fruits,  which  appear  in  greater  ripenefs  and  perfedion 
than  in  other  places. 

Inrecompence  jf  Corn  and  Flefli,  they  have  feveral  Rich  Commo- 
dities, vizj.  Wines,  Oyls,  Sugar,  feveral  Metals,  Rice,  Silk,  Licoras,. 
Honey,  Wax,  Saffron,  Annifced,  Raifons,  Almonds,  Oranges,  Li- 
mons,  Cork,  Soap,  Anchovies,  Soda  Barrellia,  Samack,  Wool, 
-  Lamb- 


■'f' 


vv 


206 


Of'SpAin, 


Lambskins,  Tobacco>  &c.  befides  the  Gold  and  Silver  which  they 
tringoucof  America ,  whereby  they  furnifh  themfelves  with  thole 
other  Conveniences  which  they  want :  In  the  Year  1 6 1 8.  it  was  affirm- 
ed, chat  fince  the  firft  Difcovery  thereof  by  Co/»w^«/,  thQ  Spaniards 
had  drawn  out  of  it  above  fifteen  hundred  and  thirty  fix  Millions  of 
Gold,  of  which  the  European  Merchants  ftiare  the  greateft  part :  And 
their  neceffity  of  purchafing  Foreign  Commodities,  empties  their  Pur- 
fes ;  and  their  getting  of  this  Gold  and  Silver,d&populates  and  weakens 
the  Country. 

The  Horfes  df  this  Country  are  in  general  efteem,  but  thofe  of  y^«- 
^alufia  more  than  the  reft;  however  they  travel  upon  Mules  and 
AlTes,  by  reafon  of  the  roughnefs  of  the  Mountains. 

Here  lived  in  ancient  times  the  Giants  Gerjon  and  Cacusj  overcome 
by  Hercules.  Seneca  the  Tragedian,  and  Semcaihe  Philofopher.  j  ^/»- 
tilian  the  Orator,  Lucian  anr"  Martial,  Fompcnius  Mtla  the  Geographer, 
Fulgcntius  and  IJidore  Bifhops,  Ariui  Montanus,  Oforius,  To^atus^  Ma- 
jius. 

For  Soldiers  it  had  Tbeodofius  the  Great,  Bernard  del  Carpio,  Cid 
Rues  Diasj  Sanchc  of  Navar,  Ferdinand  the  Catholick,  and  Charles  the 
Emperor. 

The  Mountains  oi Spain  may  be  diftinguifhed  into  fix  greater  Ridges 
continued  and  knit  together,  and  whereof  the  reft  are  parts :  The 
firft  are  the  Tyremi  Mantes  Strab»  Mens  Pjiraneus  Plin.  Gyrene  Ptol.  Los 
Mcntes  Tyreneus  Hifp,  Les  Mouses  Pyrenees  Gal,  Monti  Pyrenet  Ital.  ex- 
tending from  the  Cantabrian  Ocean  to  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  once  the 
Bounds  between  France  and  Spain ^  which  in  feveral  places  have  divers 
.,    Names,  which  we  (hall  not  here  mention. 

The  fecond  are  the  Idubeda  of  Strab.  Mela  Ptol.  &  aliisy  the  l^bCiJkj 
Seld.  exi^cinding  from  the  Pyrenes  near  the  Springs  of  the  River  EbrOf 
Southwal!ii;|s,  towards*  the  Levant  Sea,  having  divers  Names  in  fevera! 
places. 

A -third  Row  of  Mountains  are  coafting  all  along  the  Shore  of  the 
Cantabrian  Ocean ;  the  Juga  Afiurum  Plin.  a  more  eminent  top  hereof 
is  the  Mountain  St.  Adrian,  from  whofe  top  Vafaus  Erugenfu  fiith,  hc 
faw  both  the  Cantabri.iv  and  Mediterranean  Seas,  now  Sierra  d'Us  Afiu- 
rius,  d^  Movte  d^Oca,  Vtil,  Sierra  d^  Oviedo,  Coquo.  Vmdius  Mom.  Viol. 
•-  V  A  fourth  Ridge,  or  Branch  of  Mountains,  are  the  Orofpeda  o^ Strab. 
the  Ortofpeda  of  Ptol.  which  at  Alcaraz  part  into  two  Branches,  the 
one  tending  towards  Murcia  aiid  the  Levant  Seaj  the  other  paffing 
ititou^  Granada,  ends  at  the  Strait  of  G/^>Wrtr,. the  Extrcam  Point 
whereof  was  called  Calpe. 

One 


mfm^fi^ 


■PPPPP^ 


Of  Spai/t:}  207 

One  of  the  two  Famous  Pillars  of  Henulej,  oppofite  to  which  on 
t\\fi  African  fide  of  the  Straits  was  the  Mountain  Abila,  the  other  Pillar 
the  narrow  Sea  between,  was  from  hence  called  Fretum  Herculeum, 
now  the  Straits  of  Gibralnr, 

Oat  of  the  Orofpeda,  about  the  Town  of  Jlcaras,  brancheth  the 
fifth  Ridgofthe  Mountain  called  Sierra  ik/flrc»<?,  running  along  the  River 
Gaudalquiver,  until  it  ends  at  the  Atlantique  Ocean.  The  Mons  Maria- 
nus  of  ?tol.  and  the  Saltui  Cafiulonenjis  of  Cafar,  The  Scene  of  the 
Warlike  Exploits  of  Don  Quixot  de  la  Mancha. 

The  fixth  Branch  begins  about  the  Springs  of  the  Duero,  and  keep- 
ing th^  River  Taio  upon  the  left-fide,  parteth  New  Ci«/?i/e  from  the  Old, 
and  divides  Portugal  into  two  parts,  ending  at  the  Town  Sintra,  fome 
;o  miles  from  Ltsbor.  Some  Authors  reckon  this  the  Idubeda  Branch. 
But  we  find  not  any  known  Name  new  or  ancient,  only  part  hereof* 
in  Ca(tile  was  by  ?Uny  called  Juga  Carpetanta,  and  part  of  it  in  Portugal, 
Luna  Mons  by  Ptol.  The  chief  of  its  ne^w  Names  sxt  Sierra  de  Tomasy 
Vaccas  Montm  d'AveUy  df  Sierra  Moltna, 

The  Principal  Rivers  of  Sfainy  the  Duero,  Durius  Plin,  very  full  of 
Fifti.  The  Tagm  Strah.  now  Taio,  renowed  for  its  Golden  Sand. 
The  GauJiana,  Anas  Strab,  which,  they  fay,  runs  under  ground.  The 
Gauldal^uivery  Batts  Strab.  the  deepeft  of  all.  The  Ebro,  Ibertts  Strah. 
famous  by  its  Name:  They  all  of  them  have  their  Sources  in  Cafiile, 
but  are  not  fo  Navigable  as  thofe  in  Frgttce.  The  Gaudiana  has  gi\vn 
occafion  to  the  Spaniards  to  fay,  Thilpiey  have  the  richeft  Bridge  in 
the  World,  upon  which  generally  feeirabove  loooo  Sheep,  and  over 
which  a  good  Army  may  march  in  battel-array.  The  Ancients  may 
havefeem'd  to  have  called  this  River  very  properly  Anas^hy  reafon  it 
dives  into  the  Earth,  and  rifes  out  again  as  a  Duck  does  in  the  water. 
Some  of  the  Moderns  fay,  that  there  are  certain  Mountams  that  fwal- 
low  up  this  River.  Others  affirm.  That  it  only  falls  into  the  Dikes 
and  Graffs  which  the  Country  People  mak«  to  water  the  Country, 
which  is  very  barren ;  however,  this  is  certain.  That  this  running 
under  ground  happens  to  be  near  the  Springs  of  Gaudiana,  and  not 
towards  Aferi//i», as  marked  down  in  the  Old  Maps:  To  fay  truth. 
This  is  one  qf  the  three  Miracles  of  Spain  ;  of  which  the  others  are, 
a  City  encompaffed  with  fire  ;  that  is,  with  Walls  of  Flint-ftones,as 
Madrid  \  and  a  Bridge,  over  which  the  water  runs,  as  is  the  Aquadudt 
g{  Segovia. 

The  Cities  of  this  Kingdom  have  their  Names  from  their  Excellen- 
cy :  Sevil  the  Merchandizing,  Granada  the  Great,  Vakncia^  the  Fair, 
Barcelona  the  Rich,  SaragoJ]'ai\\Q  Contented,  Valadohd  the  Gentile,  toleJo 

V.   -  .     the 


im 


,'*  'B 


2o3  0/ SpAtff* 

the  Ancient,  MaJrid  the  Royal.  It  comprehends  8  Archbifiiopricks, 
and  4  J  Bifliopricks.  The  Archbifliopricks  are,  ToleJo,  Burgos ,  Compv- 
fiella,  Sevily  Granada,  Valencia,  Saragojfa,  and  Tarragon.  There  are  fe- 
veral  very  confiderable  Sea-ports,  PaJJrHff,  St.  Andrews  Coruna, Cadiz., 
Cartagena,  Alicant,  &C. 

Bijcay,  formerly  called  Cantahria,  is  Mountainous  and  Woody, 
which  furnifties  them  with  Timber  to  build  more  Ships  than  all  the 
Provinces '  f  Sp/»/»  befides :  It  hath  alfo  fo  great  a  Number  of  Mines 
•and  Iron  Forges,  that  the  Spaniards  call  it  the  Defence  of  Cafiik,  and 
the  Armory  of  Spain,    The  Bifcayners,  who  weie  the  Ancient  Canta- 
hrians ,  enjoy  very  great  Privileges,  and  boaft  themfelves  never  to 
have  been  thoroughly  Conquered  either  by  the  Romans,  Carthagenians, 
Goths,  or  Moors.    They  ufe  a  different  Language  from  that  of  the  other 
Inhabitants  of  the  Countrey,which  isfaid  to  be  the  ancient  Language  of 
Spain'yioTHS  they  remained  in  their  Liberties  not  maftered,  fo  in  their 
Language  not  altered.    They  differ  from  the  reft  of  Spain  alfo  in  Cu- 
ftoms,  yeilding  their  Bodies,  but  not  their  Purfes  to  the  King;  not 
fuffering  any  Biihop  to  come  amongft  them  ;  and  caufing  their  Wo- 
men to  drink  firft,  becaufe  Ogno  a  Countels  would  have  poifoned  her 
Son  Safjcho.    The  Land,  as  well  as  in  the  Countrey  of  Giupu'coa,  is 
very  well  Tilled;  for  they  pay  neither  Tax  nor  Tenth,  r.or  Right  of 
Entry.    Their  chief  Cities  are  Bilboa  and  St.  Sebaftian ;   places  of 
great  Trade,  efpecially  in  Wool,  Iron,  Chefnuts,  and  Bilboa  Blades. 
Great  Veffels  cannot  come  M^r.  Bilboa,  being  feated  two  miles  from 
the  Ocean,  but  upon  a  Higte^^ide.    It  was  built  or  re-edified  out  of 
the  Ruins  of  the  ancient  Vlaviobriga  of  VtoL  by  Diego  de  Haro,  1300. 
The  Port  of  St.  Sebafiian  has  a  very  fair  Entrance,  being  Defended  by 
two  Caltles,  the  one  towards  the  Eafl,  feated  high ;  the  other  to  the 
Wefl,  upon  a  low  Rock.    St.  Andero  and  PaJJ'agio  are  two  excellent 
Ports,  Fuentirabia  the  flronger  place,  and  further  Town  in  Spai}i,  and 
Guataria  the  Native' place  of  Sehfiian  Cabot,  who  was  the  firft  that 
compafTed  the  world,  in  the  Ship  called  the  VtBory  ;  MageUams,  who 
went  Chief  in  that  Expedition,  perifliing  in  the  Adion.  Laredo  For- 
ttis,  Lauretanus,  hath  a  fpacious  Bay.     Vlacenza,  upon  the  River  Denia 
is  inhabited  by  Blaekfmiths.  Tolofa  upon  the  Orio  River.    Afiurta,  cal- 
led by  fome  the  Kingdom  ofOviedo,  is  the  Title  of  theEldeft  Sons  of 
the  Kings  of  Spain,  being  called  Princes  of  AJ^uria.    The  younger 
Children  whereof  are  called  Infants,  ever  (ince  the  Reign  of  John 
the  FirfV.    Hence  were  the  fmall  but  fwift  Horfes  which  the  Rowans 
called  Ajhrcones,  the  Ewg/f/fcHobbies.   It  was  the  Retreating-place  of 
die  Kings  of  the  Goths,  and  feveral  of  the  Bifhops,  during  the  Inva- 

fioa 


';«• 


«Mi 


Of  Spaih 


r\ 


fi09 


fioft  of  the  Adoorsy ;  for  which  reafon  Oviedo,  LHcum  Afurum  of  Fteil, 
&  Ovetum;  the  Capital  City  thereof  is  called  the  City  of  Kings  and 
Biftiops;  and  indeed  gave  Title  to  the  firft  Chriftian  Kings  after  th? 
Mooriflj  Conqueft ;  for  as  the  Luft  of  Re^erick,  a  Gothijh  King  of 
Spain,  firft  brought  in  the  Moors ;  fo  the  Luft  of  Magnu'z^a  a  Moorijh 
Viceroy,  proved  the  overthrow  and.  lofs  of  the  Kingdom.  Other 
Towns  are  ^viles  on  the  Seafhore,  near  Cafe  de  los  Venas,  of  old  ^7- 
thium  Prom.  -  _ 

Galicia  is  not  fo  fertile  as  well  peopled ;  its  former  Inhabitants 
were  the  GaUaiciy  whence  it  had  its  name.  St.  J  ago  Compofiella,  which 
Biflioprick  and  IJniverfity  is  there  famous  for  the  Pilgrimages  which 
are  thither  made  by  thofe  that  goto  vifit  the  Reliques  of  St.  JameSfthe 
Spaniard's  Patron.  Coruna,  by  the  Evglijh  the  Groine,  is  often  men- 
tioned in  our  Spanijh  Wars  in  Queen  Eliz,abeth*s  days.  The  Flat/ium 
Brigantiuvt  of  ?tol.  Brigantium  of  Ant.  Strong,  and  the  chief  Bulwark 
of  Galicia,  is  memorable  for  the  goodnefs  and  largenefs  of  her  Port : 
The  Rich  Silver  Fleet,  of  about  thirty  Millions,  put  in  there  in  the 
year  1661,  to  avoid  the  Englijh,  who  to  furprize  it,  had  way-laid  all 
the  Points  of  the  Compafs  to  Cadiz,,'  Lugo  is  the  Lucus  Augufii  o^  Ptol. 
and  Ant,  the  Lucus  of  ?lin.  now  a  Bifliop's  See.  Orenfe  is  the  Aqua  Ca^ 
Itda  of  Pro/,  the  Aejua  Calenia  of  Ant.  a.  13i(hop's  See.  T'uy  is  the  Tude 
of  Ptol.  Tyde  Plin.  a  Bifliop's  See.  There  are  about  forty  other  Ports 
in  this  Province,  of  which,  Rtvadeo,  Ponte  Vedra  &  Bajona,  are  the 
moft  confiderable. 

Andaluz,ia,  formerly  Vandalitia  from  the  Vandals.  By  Pliny  Conventus 
Cordubevfit,  is  fo  fair  a  Countrey,  and  fo  plentiful  in  Corn,in  Wine  and 
Olives,  that  is  paflTesfor  the  Granary  and  Magazine  of  the  Kingdom. 
S:vil  in  this  Province,  is  the  Magazine  of  the  Weal'h  of  the  New 
World.     T}[{Q  Hifpalis  of  StrabiPtol.SiX\A?lin.'  ' 

It  is  in  compafs  fix  miles,  compafled  with  ftately  Walls,  and  adorn- 
ed with  no  lefs  Magnificent  Buildings,  infomuch  that  there  is  a  Spanijk 
Proverb,  Cbi  non  ba  Vtfia  Sevilla,  non  ha  Fifia  meravilla. 

k  He  that  at  Sevil  bath  not  been, 

Stru^ure's  Wonder  hath  not  feen. 

The  River  Batis,  or  Gaudelejuiver,  feparatesit  into  two  parts,  which 
are  joined  together  by  a  ftately  Bridge ;  from  hence  the  Spaniards  fet 
forth  their  lVe(i-Indta  Fleets^  and  hither  they  return  to  unload  the 
Riches  of  the  IVeftern  World.  It  is  dignified  with  an  Univerfity, 
wherein  ftudied  Aviccn  the  Moor,  and  Pope  Silvefier  the  Second ;  here 
^  E  e  alfo 


alfo  were  two  Pirovindal  Councils  held  Jntie  y S4,  and  6^6,  and  the 
See  of  an  Archbiihop^  who  is  MetropoUcan  oiAndaluz^ia  and  the  fortu- 
nate Iflands.    Here  was  Ifidom  Bifhop.    From  hence  comes  oar  Sevil 
OrangeSj  and  Here  Ires  the  Body  of  Chri^ofber  CokmhttSy  famous  for . 
his  DifcQvery  of  the  New  World. 

Not  far  from  hence  are  to  be  fsen  the  ReKques  of  the  Italica  of 
Strab.  Ptol.  and  Ant.  the  lUippa  Italiea  Vlin.  the  Country  of  the  Empe- 
rors Trajan  and  Adrian^  now  an  obfcure  Village  about  a  League  Eaft 
from  SvvtL  Cordova ,  tha-t  honoured  Antiquity  with  Lucavy  and  the 
two  Seneca's ;  and  was  more  coHderable  in  the  time  of  the  Moors  thin 
now.    The  Principal  Church  was  formerly  oneof  thebiggeft  Mofijues 
among  the  MakHmttarny  next  to  that  of  Mecca.  Corduh  o£  StraA»  VtoL 
and  Mela  a  famous  Colony  of  the  Romans,  and  Head  of  a  particular 
Kingdom,  fo  called ;  now  a  Bifhop's  See^  and  Seat  of  the  Inquifttton 
for  this  Province.     Jaen  is  the  Oningis,  or  Orm^is  of  Livfy  tefit  Moral, 
taken  by  Sclpo  Afrkantis  from  the  Canbagenianx.    E€ya  is  the  Afi^  of 
Tlin.Afygis  oiPtol.  the  Afira^ef  Liv»  taken  by  Lucius  Martiiu,  or  ra- 
ther  deftroyed  fay  the  Inhabitants ;  read  Sir  fF,  Rawhigh^  foL  744.  lli- 
tagis  VtoL  &  llurgis&Ilhturgis  Plin.  Jliturgi,  Liv*  Uetcr.  te^e  MariaiKJ^dtA 
el  Rio,  Clujio.  Andujar,  Floriand,  Andujar  el  vieja,  Amk.  Moral  Cafiulo 
Ant.  Caftukn  Ptol,  Plin.  Cajtaon  Strah.  Cajlono  Car  Ckfio,  Cajlona  la.  vieja^ 
Florian.  between  Alcaz,ar  and  Baez,a,  feated  on  theGuadelquiver,  not  on 
the  Ana,  as  Heylin  faith,  which  being  under  the  Romans,  was  furpri^ 
zed  by  the  Gerafenis^  but  flain  by  Sertorius ,  entring  after  them  at 
the  fame  Gate ;  built  100  years  before  the  War  of  Troj,  tefie  Mariana. 
Here  Hannibal  is  faid  to  have  took  his  Wife  Himilee, And  w^i  one  of  the 
laft  Towns  that  held  out  for  the  Cartbagcnians ;  the  chief  City  of  the 
Oritani,  feated  upon  an  high  Mountain,  rather  in  New-Ca/iile,  than  iii 
Andaluzia  near  Ubeda.     St.  Lucar,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Guajalfuiver, . 
is  a  Town  of  great.Trade  ;  the  tVefi-India  Gold  and  Silver  Plate  has 
fometimes  ftopp'd  at  the  Tower  of  the  Port,  which  is  called  the  Gol- 
den Tower;  butgenerally  that  Fleet  put  in  at  C<«//;«.,  or  Port  St.  Af<*- 
nfjjwhich  is  near  to  it.  Xeres  de  la  Fontera^^ands  not  far  from  that  place 
where  the  Moors  totally  defeated  the  Gotbs^m  the  Year  714.  after  which, 
they  haralTed  all  S^ain  without  controul ;  and  from  hence  come  our 
Sherry  Sacks.  The  A^a  Regia  of  Strab.  &Plin.the  A/la  of  Ptol&  Ant. 

Medini  Sidonia,  the  AJindum  of  Ptol.  Afido  Cafariana  of  Plin.  whofe 
Duke  was  General  of  ths  Invincible  Armado,  i  f  88.  Tanffa  was  fo 
called  from  7iinj/f' General  of  the  Moors  in  their  firft  Spaniflj  Invafionj 
which  Lodovicus  Nonius  thinks  to  have  been  the  Famous  TartiJJ'us  of 
Herod.  Strab.  and  other  Authors^  rich  in  Gold  and  Silver,  and  vifited 

by 


■m 


by  the  continual  Fleets  of  the  75rM»  Merchants,  and1>ythe  Pi&oc^^iin 
the  Reign  oi  Arganthoniut,  i  little  before  their  Expugnitionby  Cyrus, 
and  by  fome  thought  to  be  the  fame  with  that  Tharfis,  from  whence 
Solomm*s  Ships  did  fetch  his  Gold  for  the  Temple  itjerufalem.  Some 
make  this  the  fame  with  Carteia  or  'Mela,  Vtol,  &  Tlin.  Canba  of 
Ovid.  Cartaa  of  Steph.  as  Curio,  Mariana  and  Becan.  but  Moralus  will 
have  Cartheja  or  Carteja  to  be  Algez,ira,  whofe  pofition  now  is  alike  un- 
certain,'but  both  fcems  to  me  to  be  the  Gibal  Tariff  oi  the  Arab,  or 
Gibralter  Gibalter,  which  now  gives  a  Name  to  the  Famous  Streighc 
which  joins  the  Ocean  and  Mediterranean,  and  parts  Europe  from 
Africa,  called  by  the  Ancients  Fretum  Htrcukum,  Gaditanum,  O"  Tartef- 
JtacuM,  now  Efirecho  de  Gibralttr,'  Hiffanis,  This  Streight  is  in  length 
36  miles  from  Cape  Trafalger  to  Gibralter,  in  breadth  at  the  Entrance 
18  miles,  at  the  narroweft  place  about  7  Evglijh  miles.  Pales  is  the 
Port  from  whence  Columbus  firft  embarqued,  upon  his  Intentions  of  a 
New  Difcovery:  And  Cadiz,,  CaksAngl.  &  Batavis,  Cadice  Ital.Gades 
Caf,  Tlitt.  &  Mela,  Gadira  Ttol.  Erytbya,  &  Tartejjbs,  Strab.  Contimfa 
Dionyf,  is  the  Harbour  of  the  Rich  Plate-Fleets ;  a  Portfo  important, 
that  Charles  tht  Fifth  recommended  the  confervation  thereof  in  a  Ipe- 
cial  manner  to  his  Son  Vhilip  the  Second.  Antiquity  there  (hews  us 
the  Footfteps  of  a  Temple  dedicated  to  Hercules,  with  two  Columns, 
either  of  Copper  or  Silver,  which  the  Natives  aver  to  be  the  Pillars  of 
chat  Hero,  as  well  as  the  two  Mountains  upon  each  fide  of  theStreights 
of  Gibralter :  they  Report,  That  in  this  Temple  it  was  thiit  Julius  Ca- 
far  wept  when  he  called  to  mind  the  Prodigious  Conquefts  which 
Alexander  the  Great  had  gain'd  at  the  Age  of  three  and  thirty  Years, 
the  confideration  whereof  carried  him  to  thofe  High  Enterprifes ;  as 
Scipio  was  incited  by  the  AAions  of  Zenophns  Cyras. 

The  Kingdom  o{  Granada  under  the  laft  Kings  of  the  Moors  (  who 
loft  it  in  the  Year  149 1.)  was  far  more  Rich,and  better  Peopled  than 
it  is  at  this  day :  It  was  alfo  much  more  Fertile ;  for  the  Moon  had  a 
thouland  Inventions  to  water  their  Lands,  by  means  of  Cuts  and 
Trenches,  bringing  the  Water  from  great  Refervatories  which  they 
made  in  the  Mountains,  which  are  calkd  Mantes  dHos  Alpajaras  ohm 
Alpuxarras. 

The  Scituatlon  of  this  Kmgdom,  and  the  Pofition  of  the  Towns, 
agrees  with  the  Relation  or  Defcription  which 7«//«j  Cafat  has  made. 
The  City  which  bears  its  Name,  Granatum  al,  Granado,  is  the  biggelt 
in  all  Spain ;  its  Buildings  are  of  Free-ftone,  fenced  about  with  a  ftrong 
Wall,  on  which  are  130  Turrets,  and  it  hath  iz  Gates.  It  is  very 
pleafant  dwelling  there,  by  reafon  of  the  purenefs  of  the  Air,  and 

E  e  z  plenty 


>t 


<(  5 


r.  ,' 


212  o/spAffi: 

plenty  of  Fqufttains;  the  Moors  placing  Paradife  in  that  part  of  Hea- 
ven which  IS  the  particular  Zenith  of  this  place.  Malaga,  Malaea  PtoL 
Strab.  Mel.  Ant,  a  ftrong  Town,  and  Bimop'sSec.  Vekz,  Maldgals  the 
Sex  of  Ptol.  Sexitanum  Ant.  Stx't  Firmum,  d^  JuUum  Vlin.  is  famous  for 
the  excellency  of  its  Wines  and  Jlairins.  Munda  is  notable  for  Julius 
Cafar's  ViAory  over  Pompe/s.S>ons.  For  near  unto  this  place,in  a  Wood, 
was  fought  that  notable  and  laft  Battel  between  Ca/ar  and  Pcmpe/s 
Sons  J  the  Honour  of  the  day  fell  to  Cafar,  though  not  without  great 
lofs.  In  other  Battels  he  ufed  to  fay,  he  fought  for  Honour,  in  this 
for  his  Life;  which  not  long  after  he  loft,  being  murthered  in  the  Se- 
nate-Houfe.  Almeria  is  the  Abdara  Ptol.  Abdera  Mela,  founded  by  the 
TyrianSf  Strab.  by  the  Cartbagenians;  Plin.  Antiefuera  is  thQiSingilia  Flin, 
Alhama  the  Artigis  of  ?td.  noted  for  its  Medicinable  Baths.  Gaudix 
IS  a  Bi(hop*s  See.  Loxa  enjoys  a  pleafant  Scituation.  Muxacra  is 
thought  to  be  the  Murgis  of  Ptol.  flm.  Hnefca  the  Ojca  oiPtoLVera  the 
Vergao  of  Plin, 

Murcia  is  faid  to  be  the  Garden  of  Spain,  by  reafon  of  the  plenty  of 
Excellent  fruits  in  thofe  parts;  and  fo  abounding  in  Silver  Mines^  that 
the  Romans  kept  400  men  at  work.  The  City  alfo  that  bears  its 
name,  the  Menralta  of  Ptol.  drives  a  great  Trade  in  Silk.  Cartagena, 
built  by  Afdrubalof  Carthage,  Father  of  the  Great  Hanrubal^  and  taken 
in  the  fecond  Punick  War  by  Scipio  Africanus,  twice  facked  and  razed 
by  the  Barbarous  Goths  and  Vandals ;  re-edified  and  fortified  by  Philip 
the  Second,  King  of  Spain ;  Is  a  good  Sea-Port,  a  fafe  and  large  Ha^• 
hour.  Caravaca  affords  the  wood  for  the  Crols,  to  which  the  Spani-' 
ards  attribute  a  power  to  preferve  Men  from  Thunder. 

Valencia  is  the  moft  delightful  Countrcy  of  ?11  Spain^  The  City  (be- 
fides  thyiame  of  the  Province  )  bears  the  name  of  Fair  and  Great  Va^ 
kncia.  jfn  Archbi(hop's  See,  the  Valentia  of  Ptol,  Plin.  d  c.  feated^not 
far  from  the  mouth  of  the  River,  Duriof  by  Melit^  Turium  Plin.  7uria& 
Turias  by  others ;  now  Guadalaviar,  Plujio.  A  IJniverfity,  where  ftu- 
dicd  St.  Dorninick  the  Father  of  the  Dominicans.  Here  was  born  under 
contrary  Stars  Ludovicus  Vives,  and  Pope  Alexander  the  Vlth. 

CuUera  a  Sea-Town,  at  the  mouth  of  the  River  Xucar,  formerly  ^^j- 
cre»,  after  the  name  of  the  River,  and  is  famous  in  Vlntarch  for  the 
Vidtory  of  5m<3r/;#i  againft /^ow/>9'.         f 

Denia^  Dianicum  of  PtoL  Strab.  Plin.  and  Solin,  gives  Title  to  the 
Marqucfs  of  Dema,  fince  created  Duke  of  Lerma, 

Ahcant  is  known  by  the  good  Wines  which  are  tranlported  from 
thence.  Upon  theSea-fliore,  at  a  place  c2\\qA Morvedra,  are  to  be  feen 
the.  Ruins  of  the  Ancient  Saguntum  of  Polyb.  the  deftrudtion  whereof 


T 


■■ 


mmm^mmmmm 


Of  Spmi 


2f^' 


by  Hannthal  occftHoned  the  fecond  Punick  Wan  A  Town  fp  faithfu^ 
to  the  Romansy  that  the  Inhabitants  chofe  rather  to  burn  thetnfetves, 
than  yield  to  Hannibal  i  Founded  by  the  Zacbintbiam.  Here  is  alfo 
the  Promontory  F(frr<irw  of  Mela,  y'rtemifum  Sfrah.  &  DiavmmCic, 
Plin.  &  Ptol.  ?untta  delEmferador,  or  Attemuz.  tejfe  Btutb.  now  Cabo  Mar^- 
tht,  the  K^iuge  of  Sertoriu*  in  his  wars  againft  Mettelm  and  Vomfiy, 

Laurigstefte  J,  Mariana,  is  the  Lauro,  or  Lauron  ofVlittarcb,  the  Lau- 
rona  of  tloro,  which  Sertorius  befieged  and  burnt  when  fomfey  with 
his  whole  Army  ftood  nigh,  and  yet  durft  nor  fuccour  \u 

Xelua  is  by  Pierian  the  Incibilis  or  hdibilis  oi  Livy,  where  H<«»»0 
was  overcome  by  5«pw;  h\xt  Baud,  faith,  I»«^//«  is  now  Trayguera, 
20  Spanijh  Leagues  diftant  from  Xelua,  or  Cbelua. 

Gandia  gives  title  to  the  Dukes  of  the  Houfe  of  Borgia. 

Segorbe  or  Segorve,  is  the  Segobrega  of  Strab.  and  Plin,  tefia  Vafa  Pluf». 
and  Taraf.  but  the  confuflon  of  Authors  makes  me  uncertain  what  it 
now  is. ' 

The  Iflands  of  Majorqueind  Minor<jue,  are  the  Ancient  Baleares,  the 
Inhabitants  whereof  are  exquifite  Slingers,  and  great  Pyrates ;  they 
accuftom  their  Children  to  hit  down  their  breakfaft  with  a  Sling,  or 
elfe  to  go  without  it;  and  yet  as  nimble  as  they  were,  they  werecon* 
ftrain'd  to  beg  aid  oi  AugufiusagsXn^  the  Rabbets  that  deftroyed  their 
Lands.  The  Books  of  knowledge  writ  by  Raymund  Lully  are  very 
much  ftudiedUat  Majorque,  The  Soil  of  Tvica  has  a  peculiar  quality  to  i 
deftroy  the  Serpents  that  are  bred  in  the  Ifland  Tormentera, 

Arragon  is  over-run  with  the  Branches  of  the  Pyrenean  and  Idubeda 
Mountains^  and  is  in  moft  parts  dry  and  fcanty  of  water,  yet  the  Ri- 
ver Iberus  runs  through  the  middle  of  it.  Its  chief  places  are  Sarageca, 
Caf.Augufia  of  Ptol,  Strab.  Plin.  Ant.  &c,  a  Colony  and  Mimicipium  of 
the  Roffians,  before  called  Salduba,  Under  the  Moors  it  was  the  Head 
of  a  particular  Kingdom,  recovered  in  the  Year  1 1 1 8.  by  the  Chri- 
ftians,  and  made  the  Refidence  of  the  Kings  of  Arragon,  an  Arch- 
bifhop'sSee,  and  Univerfity  and  feat  of  the  Inquifition,and  Vice-Roy 
for  the  Province  Taracona,  or  Taraz^ona,  the  Turiafo  Ptol.  TurtajJ'o  Plim 
is  a  Biihop's  See.  Calatajut  upon  the  River  Xalo,  founded  by  Ajub  a 
Sarazen  Prince,  half  a  mile  from  which  was  the  ancient  Btlbis  otPtol, . 
and  Bilbilii  of  Strab.  the  Countrey  of  the  Poet  Martial.  Fraga  upon 
the  River  Senga  Galiica,  Flava  Ptol.  &  Galiicum  of  Ant,  Balbafho  is  the 
Burtina  of  Ptol,  Bortina  of  Ant.  Huefca,  the  Ofca  of  Strab,  Ptol,  &■  Ant, 
was  the  place  where  Ser tonus  (  in  Plutarcb)  kept  the  Children  of  thC' 
Sfanijh  Nobility  as  Hofta^^cs  for  rherr  Fathers  fidelity ;  but  the  Fathers  - 
revolting,  the  Children  were  cruelly  murthered.  Jacca  amongft  the 
-s^  Moun- 


»v. 


%f4  OfSfiiH. 

Mouiitains,  wac  the  6rft  Seat  of  the  Kings  of  Arr«^.  Amftt  and 
Btnbuari,  have  been  the  Capitals  of  two  little  K.ingd6ms ,  Sebrar- 
Ha  and  Rihzorca,  or  Riba  Curtia,  Monzon  is  a  place  where  formerly 
the  States  of  ^^r«go»  were  wont  to  Affemble. 

Navarr  was  the  fecond  Kingdom  for  Antiquity  in  Spaiv,  but  furpri- 
fed  and  taken  by  Ferdinand  the  Catholick,  Anno  if  12.  without  one 
blow  given.  The  King  and  Queen  of  J^avarr  being  at  that  time  both 
F^^cb  Subjeds;  the  Country  is  plain,  yet  on  allUdes  environed  with 
mighty  Mountains,  well  watered  with  Rivers,  and  fruitful :  Chiefer 
Towns  are  Pampelona,  Pcmpelon  of  Ptel.  Strab,  &  Ant,  firft  founded  by 
Tomfey  the  Great,  after  the  Wars  ended  with  Sertorius ;  a  BiHiop  s  See, 
and  Seat  of  the  Viceroys,  feated  in  a  Plain  upon  the  River  Arga.  At 
the  Siege  of  which  Ignatius  Loyola  a  Cantabrian,  defended  it  againfl:  the 
French,  was  almoft  killed  by  a  wound  of  his  Leg,  which  occaHon'd  a 
New  order  in  the  Church,  viz.  The  Society  of  the  Jcfuits ;  videMon' 
ferrat  in  Catalonia, 

2,  Viana,  The  Title  of  the  Navarren  Prince.  Nigh  this  place  Cafar 
Borgia,  Son  to  Pope  Alexander  ths  Sixth,  was  flain  by  an  Ambulh. 
Tefie  Gmcciardine, 

%,  /^i^oriii(  is  thechiefof  the  little  Countrey  called  0W<7, or  0/^^^, 
between  Navarr  and  Bifcay)  firft  built,  or  rather  re-edified  out  of  the 
Ruins  of  the  ancient  Villica  of  P/o/.  Anno  11 80.  by  SanBius  King  of 
Navarr,  This  Countrey  is  divided  into  fix  Merindida\  or  Govern- 
ments, one  of  which  lying  on  the  other  Hde  of  the  Vyreneans,  is  called 
Low  Navarr,  and  is  in  the  hands  of  the  French  King. 

The  Kbgdom  of  Cafiilia  was  at  firft  named  BarduUa,  and  was  the 
moft  prevailing  Kingdom  of  all  5p<ii«  either  by  Conqueft  or  Intermarri- 
ages, divided  into  Cafiillia  la  Veia,  or  old  Cafiile,  and  Cafiillia  la  Nu'evafiV 
Uew  C«/i/;.  Chiefer  places  in  Old  Cafitle  are  Burgos,  Bravum  &  Masburg 
Ftol.  tefteTarafba,&  Bttrgi,once  the  Royal  Seat  of  the  Kings  of  Calf  He, 
now  an  Archbi(hop*s  See. 

Avila,  the  AbalaofFtol,  of  which  ToBatus,  Sirnamed  AbuUvfts,  was 
Bifliop,  who  is  faid  to  have  writ  as  many  (heets  as  he  lived  days. 

Soria  is  the  place  where  the  great  Standard  of  the  Kingdom  is  kept ; 
not  far  from  which,  towards  the  Springs  ot  the  Dmo,  ftood  fome- 
tiraes  that  famous  Numantia,'m  which  ^000  Soldiers  withftood  40000 
Romans  for  14  years,  and  at  laft  gathering  all  their  Money,  Goods, 
Armour,  &c.  together,  laid  them  on  a  Pile,  which  being  fired,  they 
atb  voluntarily  buried  themfelves  in  the  flame,  leaving  5«/)/o  nothing 
ibut  the  name  of  Numantia  to  adorn  his  Triumph. 


res. 


Segovia 


Segovia  is  the  Stguhia  of  P/«/.  Segohia  Tim,  &  Aut.  aBi(hop*s  See> 
near  which  yet  ftandeth  an  ancient  AqueduA  of  the  Ramans. 

Calabora  upon  the  £^ro  was  the  Calagorina  of  Ptcl,  Calazuris  of  Strair, 
and  Cakgmris  of  ^»r.  a  Town  of  the  Vafcones,  and  oT  the  Orator 
Quintilian, 

Logronnio  upon  the  faid  River  was  the  Juliohiga  of  ?toL  and  J/i- 
liohrica  of  Plin.  .',*.:■. 

New  CafiiUy  is  a  Countrey  for  the  moft  part  Champian  and  plain^af- 
fording  fufficient  plenty  of  Com,  FruitSj  and  other  neceifary  proviHon. 
Qhiefer  Towns  are»  i.  MaJriJ,  the  Mantua  of  Ptol.  Madritum  al.xh^ 
Seat  of  the  Kings  of  Spairiy  and  now  one  of  the  mofi  fair  and  populous 
places  of  the  Kingdom,  well  built  with  good  Brick  Houfes,  many 
having  Glafs- Windows,  which  is  very  rare  in  all  Spaing  the  moft 
confiderable  Buildings  are  the  Piazza,  the  Prilbn,  the  King's  Chappel 
and  Palace,  the  Palaces  of  the  Duke  of  Alva,  of  Medina.  d«  los  Tor- 
res,  &c.  The  EngUfl)  CoUedge  of  Theatines,  U  Retire,  &c.  Out  of 
Town,  St.  Perdo,  and  the  Efcurial,  or  the  Magnificent  Monaftry  of 
St.  Laurence,  which  is  about  feven  or  eight  Leagues  from  Madrid^ 
amongft  the  Spaniards  paiTed  for  the  Eighth  Wonder  of  the  World, 
and  is  faid  to  have  coft  King  Philiptht  Second  above  twenty  Millions 
of  Gold ;  no  great  Sutn  for  a  Prince  who  is  faid  to  have  expended 
700  Millions  of  Gold  during  his  Reign. 

2.  Toledo,  the  Toletum  of  Plin.  ana  Ant.  then  the  chief  City  of  the 
Carpetani,  mounted  upon  a  fteep  and  uneven  Rock,  upon  the  right 
Ihore  of  the  River  Taio,  with  whofe  circling  ftreams  it  is  almoft  en- 
compafled.  By  the  Goths  it  was  made  the  Chamber  and  Royal  Seat 
of  their  Kings.  LJnder  the  Moors  it  became  a  petty  Kingdom,  and  their 
ftrongeft  hold  in  thofe  parts ;  after  five  years  Seige  in  the  year  logf. 
recovered  by  Alphonfus  the  Sixth,  King  of  Caftik  and  Leon.  Now  an  : 
Univerfity,  an  Archbifiiop's  See,  the  richeft  in  Europe,  whofe  Bifliop 
is  Primate  and  Chancellor  of  Spain. 

Alcala  dt  Henares,  is  the  Complutum  ofPtol.  and  Jnt.  an  Univerfity 
founded  by  F.  Xmenes^  Cardinal  and  Archbifhop  of  Toledo. 

Calatrava  upon  the  River  Gaudiana,  abandoned  by  the  Templets,  and  ' 
now;^,ives  name  to  the  Order  of  Knights  fo  called,  confirmed  by  Pope  : 
Mexup.ler  the  Third,  1 164. 

Alc^-raz.  gives  name  to  the  Mountainous Trads  of  Sierra  de  Alcaraz, 

Cu'-'ca,  a  Bifliop's  St  c:,  and  Seat  of  the  Inquifition,  once  an  Invin- 
cibk*  Fo.  trefs  of  .  n .  Vf^ors  ag^inft  the  Chriftians,  yet  won  from  them 
Anno  1177.  by  itunctiui  the  becond  V  ing  of  Cafiile, 


'l.'X 


Sigi4enca, 


mi 


mm 


■^ 


\\ 


91 6 


Of  Spain. 


Siguema,  or  Siguefiica,  is  the  Segontia,  Strab.  Tlin.  the  Secuntia  of  Uv, 
^&  Stcontia  Ant.  Segont$ala£ia  of  Ptol.  a  City  of  the  Celtiberiy  now  a  Bi- 
/hop's  See,  having  a  fair  Cathedral. 

The  Kingdom  of  Leon  was  the  firft  which  the  Chriftians  eftabliflied 
after  the  Invafion  of  the  Moors.    The  City  which  bears  its  name,  has 
in  it  a  Cathedral  famous  for  its  beauty.  The  Ch.urch  of  Toledo  is  mag- 
nified for  its  Wealth;  that  of  Sevll  for  its  bignels ;  that  of  Salamanca 
for  its  Strength.  The  City  of  Salamanca  is  honoured  with  an  Univer- 
sity, which  has  the  Privilege  to  teach  the  Wbrew,  Greeks  Arabicky  and 
CbalJee  Languages :  They  talk  here  of  the  Valley  of  Vatuegas,  lately 
difcovered  in  the  Mountains  of  this  Kingdom,  and  which  was  never 
known  before  from  the  time  of  the  Moon  i  ivafion ;  difcovered  by  the. 
occafion  of  an  Hawk  of  the  Duke  of  Alva's,  which  was  loft  amongft 
thofe  Mountains :  His  Servants  clambering  from  one  Hill  to  another 
in  fearch  of  it,  at  laft  happened  into  a  pleafant  and  large  Valley,  where 
they  fpied  a  Company  of  naked  Patacoesy  or  Savage  people,  hem- 
med in  amongft  thofe  many  Rocks  or  Mountains.    And  then  told 
their  Mafter ,  That  inftead  of  his  Hawk,  they  had  found  a  New 
World  in  the  midft  of  Spain.    Upon  further  difcovery  and  enqui- 
ry they  were  thought  to  be   a  remnant  of  the  ancient  Spaniards, 
who  had  hid  themfelves  amongft  thefe  Mountains,  for  fear  of  the 
'Romans,  ' 

Of  Catalonia,  ani  the  County  of  Rouffillon. 

CAtalaunia,  rather  Catalonia,  by  the  French  Catalogne,  is  varioufly 
derived  by  Authors ;  fome  from  Gothalonia,  ofthoGoths  and  Ala- 
vi\  fome  from  the  Cafieliani,  the  old  Inhabitants  hereof:  Others 
from  the  Cattaloms,  who  alfo  had  hcr»;-  iheir  dwellings ;  others 
from  thzCattiof  Germany ,  and  the  Alani  ci  Sarmatia,  nOVf  JLithu- 
ania. 

Paulus  Hieronymus  aflerts  it  to  be  170  dalian  miles  long,  and  150 
broad :  Boterus  tells  us  there  is  numbred  in  this  Province  one  Duke- 
dom, viz,.  Cardona ;  three  Marquifates,  1 1  Earldoms,  many  Baronies 
and  Lordfhips,  5-6  Cities,  or  Walled  Towns,  and  Six  hundred  thou- 
fand  Inhabitants,  among  which  were  loooo  Fnncb  Shepherds  and 
Husbandmen. 

Some  Authors  tell  us  the  Countrey  is  Hilly,  and  full  of  Woods, 
yielding  but  fmall  ftorc  of  Corn,  Wine,  and  Fruits  j  fome  fay  it 
abounds  with  Corn,  Wine,  and  Oyl.    Others  tell  us  it  is  motQ^. 

ricM 


riched  through  itf  Maritime  Scitiution,  than  by  homebred  Commo- 
dities. 

Chief  places  are  Barcdotia,  Barcmnot  Ttol.  Barebmoo^  Mila  und 
Lir,  Barctno  of  Ant.  a  Roman  Colony,  firnamed  Faventia  by  Flirt. 
Seated  upon  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  betwixt  the  Rivers  Batulm  and 
Nela,  now  Bejons  and  Rubricat,  or  Lobregat  River,  won  from  the 
Moors  by  Ltvus  the  Godly,  Son  to  the  Emperor  Charles  the  Great, 
It's  now  a  rich  and  noted  Port.  A  Bifliop's  See  and  Academy ; 
faid  to  be  built  by  Hamilcar.  Ant.  Beutb  faith  it  was  built  by 
Hercules.  'Tis  the  Seat  of  the  Vice-Roy,  and  Inquifition  for  the 
Province.  'Tis  beautified  with  ftately  Buildings,  both  private  and 
publick,  with  delightful  Gardens:  Its  Port  hath  a  Bridge  or  Mole 
of  Seven  hundred  and  fifty  Paces  into  the  Sea,  for  the  better  fecuring 
of  Ships. 

Terragona^  Terracona  Strab.  &  Viol.  Terraco  Vlin.  Mela^  d^  SoUnus^  is 
plc^fantly  feated  about  a  Mile  from  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  upon  the 
Eaft  of  the  River  Tulcis^  now  Francolino,  tefte  CotjitOj  founded  by  C«. 
and  Tub.Scifto  during  the  fecond  Punick  War;  a  Repofitory  of  ancient 
Monuments:  FtJ.Nomitfmc.  85'.  Afterwards  made  a  Roman  Colony, 
and  the  cheif  Town,  giving  name  to  the  Province  Tcrraconen/ls,  It 
was  An.  I'i'ji.  an  Archbifhop's  See,  and  Academy  founded  by  Car- 
dinal Gajpar  Cerven. 

Lerida,  Tlerda  Ant.  Strab,  Vtol.  Vlin.  Lucav.  A  Bifliop's  See  and  Uni- 
verfity,  feated  upon  the  Rivers  Sicoris,  now  Segre,  or  Segor,  and  not 
on  the  River  Lingay  and  the  chief  City  oi  Arragon,  (  as  Heylin  faith  ) 
Its  adjacent  Fields  are  well  llored  with  Vines,  Corn,  Fruits,  and 
Oyl,  oftentimes  befiegcd  by  the  French,  and  as  often  relieved  by  the 
Spaniards.  And  is  famous  for  the  Encounter  which  happened  nigh  un- 
to it,  between  Hercukjm  the  Treafurer  oiSertorim  Army,  and  ManiU 
lius  Proconful  of  Gtf//;tf,  wherein  ManilltHs  was  difcomfired,  and  his 
Army  routed. 

Cerdona'is  a  Dukedom  of  the  fame  Name,  where  are  three  things 
remarkable,  A  Mountain  whofe  Earth  is  like  Meal  or  Flower.  A 
Fountain  whofe  Water  is  of  the  colour  of  Red  Wine.  A  Salt  of  di- 
vers Colours,  but  if  pounded  it  appears  only  white. 

Tertoja,  by  the  French  Tortofej  a  Bilhop's  See,  feated  upon  the  River 
EbrOf  Dertofa  Vtol.  &  Ant.  DcrtoJJa  Strab.  Dertttfa  Vlin,  a  Rofna}}  Colony, 
JFortified  with  two  Caflles.  nde  Marin.  Siculum. 

Girona,  Gerttnda  Vtol.  Ant.  Vlin.  a  Bilhop's  See  and  Dukedom,  givtjs 
Title  to  the  EldeftSonsof  the  Kings  of  Arragov,  buik  by  Gaiofi  yij 
years  after  the  Flood,  tejle  Bctttbero. 


<v«  ' 


F  f 


TtcK 


-^:»"-*'^''-i*]SMar5W:W7:»fW*i<7T'-» 


^ 


;2i8  ^  OfSpdin.  '■ 

Vicl^i  by  7.  Mariana^  the  -^w/i  of  P/o/.  Cor^w  of  Zw.  T/Vw,  &  A(\uie 
Vcconia,  A  Bifhop's  See.  'Twas  the  Rendezvouz  of  Count  Monteriet 
Countrey  Militia,  when  he  attempted  the  relief  of  Payfarday  but  the 
paflages  were  too  well  fecured  by  the  French, 

Not  far  from  the  right  (hore  of  the  River  Lobregat  arifeth  the  plea- 
fant  Mountain  E Julius  Mons  Vtol..&  Medulius  by  others,  now  Monjer- 
ratoy  a  noted  place  for  Miracles.  Here  Ignatius  Loyola  laid  the  foundati- 
on of  the  Society  of  Jefus,  Amo  1^22.  This  Mountain  is  faid  to  be 
two  Miles  high,  and  four  Miles  in  Circumference,  ftuck  full  with 
Anchorets  Cells,  and  honoured  with  a  much  frequented  Chappel 
and  Image  of  the  Bleffed  Virgin ;  whofe  ravifhing  defcription  read  in  , 
Nonius  Bibliothec.  Hifp.  and  in  Zetlers  Defcription  of  the  place,  in  his 
Iteneries  of  Sfain. 

Rofas,  or  Rcfes,  the  RboJa  of  Pfol.  and  Rodope  of  Strab,  founded 
by  the  Emporites  or  Rbodiansj  under  the  Vyrenean  Mountains  j  a  ftrong 
place. 

Tuig  de  Cerday  or  Puigcerda,  by  the  French  Puicerdan,  is  the  chief 
Town  of  the  Carotani ;  jugtiTn  Carr-tanorum  near  the  Pyrenean  Moun- 
tains, upon  the  River  Segre  &  Sicoris,  one  League  diftant  frofti 
Llivia, 

Llivia,  Livia  by  Julian,  Toletanus  de  expeditione  Watnba  Regis  Jotbo-' 
rum,  Julia  Libyca  Ptol.  &  Plin,  Linca,  or  Linz^a  Florian  j  by  others 
Jnfa  ;  in  Sheldens  Manufcript,  AiiMKet, 

Campredon,  a  Walled  Town,  near  the  Springs  of  the  River  7rr,  of 
Old  Sambraca,  the  Sebendunum  of  Ptol.  Jonquera  by  the  French^  Jun- 
auera  by  the  Inhabitants;  Juncaria  Ant.Cf*  Plin.  TtfVKeteict'mSheL  Manu- 
fcript, "'tis  in  the  little  County  of  Ampurdan,  near  the  PaiTage  of  Le 
C»lde  partus. 

Cap  de  Cruex  by  Florian  W  the  Apbroditium  of  PtoLTemplum  Veneris, 
<^  Venus  Pyrenaa  of  Strab.  &  Plin.  Partus  Veneris  Mela\  but  Baud,  tells 
US,  that  Port  r(?»m/is  now  called  PonVendns,  five  Leagues  diftant 
from  Apbrodtfium  Prom. 

Cadaques  near  Rofes^  is  the  Cap  de  Quires  of  the  Gazette,  i68|. 
Balaguer,  BaUegarium  in  Scriptis  Hifp.  by  others  Bergufin,  feated  upon 
the  Rivsr  Segre.  and  is  famous  for  the  Siege  of  the  French ^  i64f. 


Of 


mm 


Of  Spdift. 


219 


"    Of  the  County  of  Rouffillon. 

ROuffil'ton  by  the  Fr<?«c/6,  is  included  betwixt  two  Branches  oF  the 
Vyrevaan  Mountains,  beginning  at  the  Mountain  Cano\  The 
one  extending  to  Colibre  and  C.  de  Creux,  a  Promontory  that  is  the 
furthefl:  point  Eaftward  of  Catalonia ;  the  other  Branch  running  out 
unto  Salfas,  This  Country  was  pawned  by  John  King  of  Arra- 
gon  ,  1462.  to  Lewis  the  iitb.  of  France^  for  500000  Crowns  ; 
and  reftored  to  Ferdinand  the  Catholick,  by  Charles  the  8r-6,  1495. 
that  he  might  not  be  hindred  in  his  Journey  to  Naples,  Ttfie 
Botero* 

Francis  the  firft.  King  of  Fy<»»c^,parily  to  requite  the  Emperor C^^r/ex 
the  ^tb.  for  the  War  he  made  in  Provence,  and  to  get  into  his  hands 
Pcrp/^»dfw,  one  of  the  Doors  of  5;>oi»,  fenthis  Son  Henry  with  an  Ar- 
my to  force  it,  y^».  I  f  42.  but  the  Town  was  well  fordficd,  fo  brave- 
ly manned,  and  fo  well  llored,that  this  Journey  proved  as  dishonoura- 
ble to  the  French,  as  the  Invafion  of  Proverce,  and  the  Siege  of  Mar* 
feUes  had  been  to  the  Emperor. 

Places  of  moft  Note,  are  Perpignan,  '^apirianum  &  Verpinianum.  huWz 
out  of  the  Ruins  of  Rufcimmi  An.  1068.  by  G«i«^r^  Earl  of  RouJJll- 
/{)»,feated  in  a  pleafant  Plain  upon  the  River  Thdis  or  Thetis,  a. rich  and 
flourifliing  Empory,  and  a  flronghold  againft  the  French,  till  the  ye^i 
1642.  Vide  T^omium  d^  M^rianum. 

CoUiure  &  Colibre,  by  the  French  CoUioure,  EHeberri  Mela,  EUibsris  Vhv. 
Ihberis  Livi,  lileris  Ptol.  Illyber^  Strab. 

Elna,  by  the  French  Elne ;  Helena,  of  the  Ancients,  feafed  upon  the 
River  Tech,  once  an  Epifcopal  Sec,  but  in  An.  1604.  it  was  tranfiated 
by  Clement  the  8//;.  to  Perpgnan. 

Cerat,  Ceretum,  near  the  River  Ttch,  was  the  meeting-place  of  the 
French  and  Spaniards  Commiffioners,  for  regulating -^the  limits  and 
bounds  of  their  Kingiloms,  Anno  1660. 

BeHagardia  is  a  ftrong  place,  often  taken  and  retaken  by  the  Frencft 
and  Spaniards,  feated  near  the  entrance  of  Perttts  into  Catalonia. 

Sal,  Salfufa  oi  Mela  and  Ant.  taken  by  the  French,  1640. 

Between  France  and  Spain,  are  the  Pyrenai  Mantes,  which  tieth  Spain 
to  the  Continent.  The  Cantabrian  Ocean  fiercely  beating  on  the  Well, 
and  the  Mediterranean  gently  wafliihg  the  Eaft  ends  of  them  ;  the 
higheft  pare  whereof  is  Mount  Canus,  upon  which  in  a  clear  day  may 
be  fcen  both  the  Seas :  The  French  fide  of  thefe  Hills  are  faid  to  be 

F  f  2  Naked 


^^^ 


BpFVBMpfpM 


aae  Of  Sptin. 

Naked  and  Barren;  the  5;>^«i/3[»  very  fertile,  and  adorned  with  Trees. 
Here  was  Rovce  Falles,  fo  famous  for  the  Battel  betwixt  the  Fyencb  and 
the  Moors,  m  which  Rowland,  Coufin  to  Charles  the  Great,  Oliver, 
and  others  of  the  Peers  of  France,  were  put  to  the  Rout,  and  zoqoo 
of  the  French, 

The  other  Dominions  of  the  King  o^  Spain,  next  to  France,  are  the 
Spanijh  Provinces,  or  Flanders,  and  the  French  County,  Conquered  in 
part  by  the  King  of  France.  In  Ifa/y  theDutchy  of  Aiilan^  Final,  Or-^ 
bite'Jo,  the  Prote<Jtion  of  Piombino  and  Vcrto  Lotigone,  the  Kingdoms  of 
Naples,  Sicily,  and  Sardinia,  &c.  In  Africa,  Oran,  Marfel^uiver,  Mel- 
iilla,  Pennon  de  Felez,,  Ceuta,  and  thelfle  Pantalarea,  all  along  the  Coaft 
of  Barbary^  upon  the  Mediterranean  Sea.  To  which  we  muft  add  the 
Philipine  Iflands  in  Jfia,  and  the  grcatelt  part  of  thi  Iflandsand  Con- 
tinent in  America,    - 


i 


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o» 


P 

N3T1 

tUeC 


Of  Portugal 


iui 


TJc»^«?'»^  is  a  Kingdom  of  above  five  hundred  years  Eref^ion^in  the 
It  f'^<(if^»  part  of  Spam,  anciently  called  Lu/ttaniaytaking  the  prefent 
KaHvT  from  Porto,  a  Haven-Town  at  the  Mouth  of  the  Dueras,  where 
the  Gaiili  ufed  to  Land,  and  therefore  called  PortmGalhrHm,  andnnce 

VortHgal^ 


Qf  TortugaL 


w 


.itftt 

Tortugal;  (Jradier  from  Portm  and  Cale^  then  a  ftnall  Village  not  far 
fiom it  ^  owcfl^Portus  Cai^Jts,  ridW  Portugal..  The  length  of  it 
'/from  SouthJtQlNortfi  is  itboilt  nxfcore  Leigues.  The  breadth  there- 
of about  2^  or  30  Leagues^  and  in  (bme  places  hfty.  It  is  (eated  up- 
on the  Ocean. 

The  Experience  of  the  Inhabitants  in  Navigation^  has  caufed  their 
Kings  to  he  kno^^n  in  all  the  four  Quarters  of  the  World ;  where  they 
ha?e^  had  many  Kings  their  Vaflals:  asalfo  the  convenience  of  bring- 
ing into  £«r0f«>  the  mbft  rare  and  precious  Merchandizes  of  the  EaJ^. 
l&it  Cbnquefts  have  extended  above  fiyethoufand  Leagues  upon  the 
Coailof  BrazHe,  and  in  the  Bafi-lndies,  their  defign  being  only  Trade. 
It  is  true,  that  of  late  for  feveral  years  they  have  not  made  any  great 
Progre^,  or  faither  Advantage,  by  reafon  of  their  War  with  S^aw, 
and  the  gccat  Garifons  ^^  )  ~'^  'hey  are  forced  to  keep  againft  the  Hoi- 
lander,  which  hascau(ed  the.  furrender  fome  Places  into  the  hands 
of  the  £is£/i/)Ei  upon  the  Royai  ^^atch  between  Portugal  md  England, 
viz.  Tangier  and  Bombay. 

The  Provinces  of  Portttgal  have  all  their  particular  Commodities  ; 
f^ey  afford  among  other  things  (lore  of  Citrons  ,  and  excellent 
Oranges. 

They  have  fome  Mines ;  for  the  Greeks  and  Row^ws  fought  in  Portu- 
gal for  that  Wealth  which  the  Poriuguezes  fearchfor  in  the  Indies.  They 
ate  fo  wdt  Peopled,  efoecially  toward  the  Sea,  that  there  are  to  be  rec- 
koned above  fix  hundred  privileg'd  Towns,  and  above  four  thoufand 
Parifhes.  The  Roman  Catiiolick  Religion  only  is  profefled  there ;  and 
thofe  that  are  of  the  Race  of  the  jeTt/s,  are  forc'd  to  baptize  their  Chil- 
dren. 

There  are  three  Archbifhopricks,  Lisbm,  Braga  and  Evora ;  and  ten 
Bifliopricks ;  the  Archbilhops  of  Lisbon  and  Braga^  have  each  of  them 
200000  Livres  Rent.  There  are  InquiHtions  at  Lisbony  at  Coimhra, 
and  at  Evora  ;  and  Parliaments  at  Usbon  and  Porto,  places  of  general 
Receipt  of  the  Kings  Revenue,  Twenty  feven  Places  have  their  Ge- 
jieralities,  which  are  called  Comanjuesy  or  Almoxanfates.  The  Order 
of Chrift  that  refides  utTomaryM  the  moO  ccnilderable wliichrhey  have. 
The  Kings  are  Grand  Mafters  thereof;  for  upon  that  Order  depends 
all  their  Conquelts  from  abroad.  The  Knights  wear  a  red  Crofs,  and 
a  white  one  in  the  middle,  whereas  the  Knights  of  Avts  wear  a  Green 
Crofs,  and  thofe  of  St.  James  a  Red  one,  who  have  their  Refidence 
AiPaltndla  near  io^etuval.  It  is  faid  chat  the  Revenue  of  the  Kingdom, 
fetting  afide  riiat  cf  the  Indies ^  amounts  to  above  ten  Millions  of 
Livres. 

In 


f 


Of  Ptfriu^aC-  12^ 

Ifi  the  Year  1640.  this  Kingdom  revolted  from  the  King  of  5^<ii», 
And  at  that  time  it  was  an  admirable  thing  toconfider,  tbata  Secret  of 
fo  great  importance  (hould  becarry'd  on  with  fuch  an  exaft  Secrecy 
among  above  two  hundred  Perfons,  and  for  the  fpaee  of  a  whole  year : 
The  principal  motives  to  this  Revolt  was,  for  that  the  King  of  Spai» 
gave  leave  toothers  befides  the Per;«5<?/j,  toTraffickinto  th& Eafi-hMes, 
together  with  the  Tribute  of  the  fixth  part,  which  the  King  caus'd  to 
be  publilhed  in  the  Year  16^6.  whereby  he  exaded  dye  per  Cent,  of  all 
the  Revenues  and  Merchandizesof  the  Kingdom.  It  confiftsof  fixPro-^ 
vinces,which  areas  manyGeneral  Governments,E»/r«-jDo«roand  Minho, 
Jralos  Monies i  Beyra,  Efirema  dura,  Alenfeio,znd  the  Kingdom  of  Algarve, 
Etiire'Dauro  and  Minbo,  is  the  molt  delicious  part,  and  fo  well  Peopled, 
that  for  18  Leagues  in  length,  and  12  in  breadth,  it  contains  above 
1:50  Monafteries  well  endow'd,   1460  Parifiies,  jooo  Fountains  of 
Spring- water,  two  hundred  Stone  Bridges,   and  Six  Sea- ports  ; 
fomecalt  it  the  Delight  and  Marrow  of  Spain.  Porto  by  the  Dutch,  and 
by  the  Engltfh  Port-a-Port ;  a  City,  containing  about  4000  Houfes,  is 
a  place  of  great  Trade;  and  Braga,  i>  ^.cariaAuguftaofPtoL  Bracaraoi 
Ant.  and  Braca  oiPlin.  isrenown'dfor  the  feveral  Councils  that  have 
been  held  there,  and  for  the  pretenHon  of  the  Archbifhop,  who  claims 
to  be  Archbifliop  oi  !i\\.7rales-Montes,\s{ioted  with  Mines,and  adorn'd 
with  the  City  of  Braganza  the  Capital  of  a  Dukedom  of  40000  Duckets 
Revenue,  wherein  there  are  alfo  fifty  little  Towns,  and  other  Lands, . 
which  Entitle  the 'Duke  oi  Braganza  to  be  three  times  aMarquifs,(even 
times  an  Earl,  and  many  more  times  to  be  a  Lord.    The  Princes  of 
that  Name,  who  are  now  in  poffeffion  of  the  Crown,  ufually  rcfided ' 
at  Villa  Vimofa ;  and  had  a  Prerogative  beyond  the  Grandees  of  Spain, 
to  fit  in  publick  under  the  Royal  Canopy  of  the  Kings  of  Spain^ 
Beyra  is  fertile  in  Rye,  Millet,  Apples  and  Chefiiuts ;  Her  City  of  Co/w- 
bra,  formerly  theRefidence  of  Alphonfm  thefirft  King  of  Portugal,  who 
enjoyed  a  longer  Soveraignty  than  any  Prince  fince  the  beginning  of  the 
Roman  Monarchy  attained  to,  faith  Heylen  ;  SaporesthQ  Son  of  Mif dales  • 
King  of  Perfia,  whofe  Father  dying,  left  his  Mother  with  Child,  and  * 
the  Perfian  Nobility  fetthe  Crown  on  his  Mother's  Belly  before  (he  was 
quick,  came  fhort  of  him  by  two  years ;  is  famous  for  the  Univerfity, 
and  for  the  Biihoprick.  which  is  reckoned  to  be  worth  above  a  hundred  ' 
thoufandLivres  of  Annual  Rent.  Edremadura  produces  Wine,  Oyl,  Salt 
and  Honey,  which  the  Bees  there  make  of  Citron  Flowers  and  Rofes. 
Her  City  of  Lisbon,  Oltofippon  of  Ptol.   Olijtppon  of  Ant,  Oly/ippo  Solpus,  . 
and  Olyfipo  of  Pliny,  a  Municipium  of  the  Romans,  S'lrnamed  Faltcitas 
Julia,  the  Rdyal  Seat  of  the  Kings  of  Portugal,  an  Archbilhop's  See, 

the 


ttam 


li 


J  ' 


A\ 


■♦    ' 


SS4  Of  rcrtugdl. 

ths  Refidcttce  oFthe  Vice-Roys,  a  flourifliing  Empory ;  fcituated  up- 
on five  riling  Hills  upon  the  right  Shore  of  the  River  Ta^Vy  Tnjo  Inco- 
lis,  about  y  miles  from  the  Ocean,  having  the  advantage  of  the  Eb- 
bing and  Flowing  of  the  Sea.  It  it  faid  to  contain  ;2  Parifh-Churches, 
^$o  Streets,  iiooo  Dwelling- Houfes,  160000  Inhabitants,  befides 
Church-men,  Strangers  and  Courtiers ;  and  with  the  Suburbs,  about 
7  miles  in  compafs ;  the  Capital  City  in  all  the  Kingdom,  one  of  the 
faireft,  richeft,  thebiggeft  and  beft  peopled  of  Europe,  The  little  Town 
ofBelem,  which  is  neaf  to  it,  is  the  Buryng- place  of  many  of  the  Kings 
of  Portugal.  Sentarim  is  fo  happy  in  the  great  number  of  Olives  that 
grow  round  about  it,  that  the  Natives  boaft  that  they  could  make  a  Ri- 
ver of  their  Oyl  as  big  as  tagus.  It  was  the  Scabalifcus  of  Vtol.  the 
Scabalis  of  Ant.  and  Tlinyy  Sirnamed  Frafidium  Julium,  then  a  Roman 
Colony,  and  a  Juridicial  Refort,  named  from  St.  /r^we,  a  Nun  of  To- 
9ftar,  here  martyred  and  enfhrined.  Setuhal,  the  Salatia  of  ?tol,  is  well 
fcituated,  and  well  built,  and  is  a  Town  of  good  Trade  j '  it  is  the  beft 
Haven  in  all  the  Kingdom,  30  miles  long,  and  5  broad  j  her  Salt-pits, 
and  her  Wines,  by  what  the  'Portugez.es  relate ,  bring  a  greater  Reve- 
nue to  their  King,  than  all  Arragon  to  the  King  of  Sfain.  Menteio  pafles 
for  the  Granary  of  Pertugnl^  by  reafon  of  the  Corn  which  it  produces. 
The  City  oiEvcra  claims  the  next  place  in  Dignity  to  Lisbov,  In  the 
Year  1663.  the  Portugutz.es  overthrew  the  Sfaniards  in  a  memc^able 
Battel  near  to  this  City.  E/v^  is  famous  for  its  excccllent  Oyls,  and 
for  the  Seiges  that  it  has  profperoufly  held  out  againft  the  Spaniards. 
Ourieiue  is  the  place  where  was  vjught  that  famous  Battel  which  occa- 
fioned  the  Proclaiming  of  the  firft  King  of  Pcrtttgal'^  Portekgre  is  a  Bi- 
*  (hop's  See  ;  Beja  is  fuppofed  to  be  the  Pax  J^^li^  of  Plin.  and  Ptd.  Al- 
garvcj  though  fmall  in  extent,  it  aflumes  theTitle  of  a  Kingdom,  and 
was  re-united  to  the  Crown  by  the  Marriage  of  Alphonjm  the  Hid 
with  BeatrictofCafiiki  It  produces  Eggs,01iv«s,  Almonds  and  Wines, 
which  are  very  much  efteemed ;  and  indeed  the  word  Alga-bia  in  the 
Language  of  the  Moors,  fignifies  a  fruitful  Campaign. 

Chief  Towns  iXQjTavila,  or  Ta'viraytht  Balfa  of  Ptcf.  and  Plin,  Faro 
is  feated  near  the  Cumnm  Promontorium^  now  Capo  St,  de  Maria.  Stive's 
is  the  Ancient  OjJ'aiufba  of  PtoL  thtOnoba  of  Mela,  the  Scvaba  of  Strabo, 
by  the  Mvors,  Excuba  by  the  Spaniards,  Ejfoyy  by  fome  Eficmber.  Lagits 
is  leated  near  the  Promontorium  Sicrum  of  Stmb.  and  Vtnl  novv  Cape 
St.r;»cf«f,from  the  Relicks  of  the  Holy  Martyr  brought  from  Vahn'ia, 
by  the  perfecuted  ChrifHans,  flying  the  Cruelty  of  Abdarrabman,  the 
firft  King  of  the  Spanish  Moors  j  removed  afterwards  to  Lisbon  by  King 
Ferdinand. 

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I  Tab  Anzlis,  Italia  IncoJis  &  Hifianis^  Italic  OaUis,  Weljcblandt  Getmanis^ 
miskaZemia,  Polonis,Ulofka,Sclavonice ;  called alfo by  the  AncientF, 
Moniay  Camefena,Oenotria,Hefperia,  Jankula.SaUumhma^^^^ 
once  Emprefs  of  the  theo  known  World  jftiU  the  faireft  and  moft  do. 
Hcious  Country  oiMurofe.  After  fo  long  time,  fo  many  Ages  elapfed, 
it  is  not  certainly  decided  who  were  herfirft  Inhabitants  j  nor  whether 

G  g  lome 


|[  n 


J-. ' 


"f^^'^SBP 


11^ 


Of  Italy. 


.w 


\\i-. 


\  .1, 


I    • 


i       \- 


fome  one  Nation  did  planHiere,  after  the  Conftrfiofi  of  5<»^f/j  or  that 
It  was  peopled  by  Hftltf -arvd  little,  ai  feveraJ  Nations  did  arrive ;  'tis 
equally  dubious,  whether  it  received  its  general  Name  at  firft,  or  whe- 
ther particular  Parts  I^  firft  their  Apellations :  'Tis  certain,  that  fe- 
veral  Nations,  at  fundry  times,  did  tranfporc  themfelves  thither  from 
.GVcfc^jand  peopled  all  the Sea-Coaft, faid  tohQ  J tims, An, Mun.  192 y. 
after  whohi  came  5«r«r« out  oiCteet^  Evander,  or  Oenotrus  out  of  Arca- 
'  dia-j  with'^  their  Followers ;  after  them  arrived  fome  Trojans^  under  the 
"!C0ndu(5tof  e/£w4/i  whofe  kind  entertainment  by  Z.<if/«»f  Kingofthe 
" Latins f  occafioned  the  Wars  between  him  and  Turnusj  King  of  the  R«- 
tuli ;  but  after  the  Romans  grew  potent,  all  Italy  fell  under  their  Sub- 
jection until  the  time  of  Honorimi  after  wich  leveral  barbarous  Na- 
tions, wss  GothsjVandals,  HeruleSjAndi  the  Hunsj  pading  the  Mpj  over- 
rifan  all  Italy^  and  divided  it  into  feveral  Kingdoms.    And  when  thefe 
'^ere  ejected,  or  at  leaft  fubdued  by  the  Lieutenants  of  the  Emperor 
Juflinian,  it  was  once  more  united  to  the  Empire,  till  the  Eraprefs5(j- 
;/&?/»  envying  Narjis's  Honour,  re  called  him  from  his  Government ; 
whereupgn  he  opened  the  PafTage  of  the  Country  to  ^/^fl»i«j  King  of 
the  Lombards,  whopofleffed  themfelves  of  that  Country,  calling  it  by 
their  own  Name  Lorgobardia,  Thefe  were  at' length  fubdued  by  Tetin 
King  of  Fr/?we,  whp  was  called  into  Italy  by  the  Bifliopof  JRowf.  Aicer 
that  the  Seat  of  the  Roman  Empire  being  fixed  in  Germany,  Italy  was 
reduced  into  feveral  Parcels  and  Fadions/o  that  theSoveraign  Princes 
thereof  at  this  day,  are 

'v'i.  The  Pope,  FontifexMaximuf,  under  whofe  Dominion  are  thefe 
Provinces  orEftates,  viz.  Campania  yRomania,  Sabina,Vrovincia  Patrimonii 
St.  Fetri,  Umhria,  Marcbia  Anconitana,  Ducatus  Cafinnjisy  Territoria  Ori* 
vetanum^  Feruftum,  &  Civitatis  Cafielli,  Vucatm  Urkini,  Romandiola,  Bo- 
wnienfis  A£er,&  Ducatus  Ferrarienfis, 

a.  The  King  of  Spain,  Rex  Hijpania,  to  whom  belongs  Regnum  Nea- 
folitanum,  Sicilia,  Sardinia,  Ducatus  Mediolanenfs,  Marcbionatus  Finarii 
in  Liguria,  with  others  upon  the  Coafhof  Tujcany,  viz,  Orbetellum,  & 
tratlms  adjacens,  called  by  the  Inhabitants,  5r<«/c  deSi  frefidii,  Principatus 
Plumbinii  &  I'ta  infitla,  IJJe  de  Elbe. 

; .  The  Venetians ^  or  Refublica  Veneta^  under  whofe  Dominion  are,^ 
Jfiria,  Fciro^Juliam,  Marcbia  Tatvifina,  &  Ducatus  Venetus,  Fulgo  ie  Dc- 
gado,  Territoria  Patavinum,  BUdi^tnum,  Vicentinum,  Veronenje,  Brixiti^ 
wum,  BeiTotaet^e,  <^  Cremtn^.. 

••  j^.  DmiiC  01  Savoy,  Du/uttMiSaiaudia,  to  whom  belongs  Principatui 
ftdtmontium,  and  part  qf  Duatm  Montis  Ferrati^  &ComitatusNicdea. 


f.    The 


Of  luly. 


ttir 


f.  The  Great  Duke  olcTufcany^  Magnus  Dux  Uetwriajc gente Mediceat 
under  whom  is  the  greater  part  of  Heturia,  viz.  Fioretitinay  Pifatia  ^ 
SenenfisyCumVetiliano,  now  VoteglianOy  &_  Apua,  now  Ponte  Molt.  As  alfo 
the  Iflands  Gorgonay  Igiliunti  now  il  GigliOy  Gianutumj  Mom  Cbrifti,  &C. 
and  Argom  Tort  us  ^  now  Porto  Ferraio,  or  P.  Ferraro,  in  the  He  Elhcy  in 
Mart  Tyrrbeno, 

6.  The  Genoansj  or  Reg>uhlica  Gemenfis,  upon  the  Coaft  of  Mare 
£/f«y?;V«w,  to  whom  belongs  affo  C«»»;/8r4,   &  Capraria  hfula, 

7.  Dux  Mantuanus  e  gente  GorttagayKLjjdQT  whom  is  Ducatus  Mantua' 
Kus,  and  the  greater  part  of  Ducatus  Montis  Ferrati. 

8.  Dux  Mutimnfis  e  gente  Efieft/tf  under  whom  is  Ducatus  Mutinen- 
fisf  &  RbegienJtSf  Principatus  Carpe»fis,(^  CorregUn/ts,  cum  Er'mianaji,  and 
great  part  of  Carferoniana,  or  Carfagnana,  x( '  ,,  ■     > 

9.  Dux  Permenfis  e  gente  Fame/ta,  who  enjoyeth  Ducatus  Permfips  & 
Placentinusy  Ditto  Bujfetana,  and  great  part  of  Principatut  Vallis  tari» 

10.  Lucca,  or  Refpuhlica  Lucenjisy  in  Heturia. 

11.  Dux  Majfa  e  gente  Cibo,  containing  Ducatus  MaJJ'a^&  Principa- 
tus Carfaria,  in  Heturia, 

12.  Duix  Mirandulanus  e  gente  pica,  containing  Ducatus  MiranJuU 
C^  Com.it^tuf  Concotdia.  ,m.>''^->\ 

13.  Dux  G  aft  alia  e  gente  Gonx,aga.    Under  whom  is  Ducat  fj;  Zua^ 
fiatle,cum^Luz,ava^  Juzava,  "   f 

14.  DuxSabulonetay\iTiAttth<ilin^\X\\oriQtSpain.        \      ,,     * 
1^*  PrincepCafilionii  h  gente  Gonz,aga, 


■t>' 


16,  Princes  Sulpburini  S  gente  GoHzaga. 


A 


ii 


H 


17.  Princips  Moneeci  e  gente  Grimald^,  under  the  ProtecSfcion  ot'France, 

1 8.  Princeps  Mafferina  e gente  Ferrer ia  Flifiay&  .MarcbionatuiCrepacorii. 

19.  Princeps  Plumbini  e  gente  Ludovifta,  containing  Principatus  Plum- 
hini  &  Ilua  Infula,  now  Elbe  Ificy  under  the  Dominion  of  Spain, 

20.  Comes  Novellaria  e  gente  Gonzaga, 

21.  Refpublica  S,  Marini,  Marcbio  Fofdinovi  e  gente  Malas-pina,  in 
Valle  Magra. 

22.  Marcbio  Montenps :  Under  whom  is  Marcbionatus  Montis  SanBa 
Maria. 

2;.  Marcbic  Spigni  e  gente  Carenta, 

The  Emperor  of  Germany  has  Aquilea,  and  the  Country  of  GoritZy 
as  alfo  terge^e,  Pedana  &  Pi/wo  in  Iftria.  The  King  of  France  hath  Fig' 
neroly  with  its  Dependencies ;  Now  reftored  by  the  Treaty  of  Refufick. 

Epifcopus  Tridentinusy  is  under  the  Dominion  of  the  Count  of  Tirol. 

Laftly,  The  Swijfes  have  four  Italian  Prefcdures,  viz.  Lu^any  Lo' 
carny  Mendrijia,  und  Madia,  which  before  the  Year  iyi2.  did  belong 
to  the  Dutchy  of  Milan,  G  g  2  Of 


•ft-!l> 


II 


»i 


i«8 


Of  Helvetia,  or  5ci&»?i 


c 


\ 


This  Count ryy  which  fiould  have  fottowed  Germany ,  being 
m'tfpUeed  in  the  Copy t  is  therefore  here  inserted, 

AT  what  time  this  whole  Mountainous  TracSf,  containing  many 
feveral  Nations^  was  comprehended  under  the  general  Name  of 
Hehetiifthty  were  grown  to  fo  great  a  Multitude,  by  a  long  Peace, 
and  want  of  Traffiquc,  that  the  Country,  being  barren,  was  no  longer 
able  to  maintain  them ;  fo  that  fetting  fire  to  their  own  Towns,  they  re- 
vived to  feek  oat  new  Dwellings;  but  their  palTage  being  ftopp'dby 


1  "■■■ 


•»*.., -»v«.f..  11, 


Of  theSwiffes: 


319 


Cafar,  he  fo  wafted  them  by  Civeral  Defeats,  that  they  were  forced 
to  crave.leave  to  return  into  their  own  deftroyed  Country  r  After  this, 
they  continued  Members  of  the  Roman  Empire,  till  Conquered  in  tlve 
times  of  Ho»or/«/  and  Vaknt'mian,  by  the  Burgundians  and  Almainsy  be- 
twixt whom  it  was  divided  j  after  taken  by  the  Fvench,  it  was  made  a 
part  of  the  Kingdom  of  Burgundy  ^  and  at  length  by  degrees  brought 
under  the  Power  of  the  Houfe  of  yiuftria^  by  the  forre  of  the  Emperor 
Alberty  the  Son  of  Rodelph  of  Hafpurg :  But  the  People  being  over- 
burthened  by  the  Oppreffion  of  their  Governors,  taking  occafion  by 
thePadions  of  the  Empire,  and  theweaknefsof  the  Aujtrian  Family, 
they  contra(aed  a  League  offenfive  and  Defenfive,  for  prefervation  of 
their  Liberty ;  into  which  entered  thofe  of  Sivitz,^  Uren  and  Under- 
paid 1308.  more  ftridtly  131  y.  To  thefe  joined  Z.««r»,  1332.  Zu" 
rich,  13  5"  I.  Claris f  Beamy  and  Zug^  13  fi.  Friburg  and  Soloturn,  148 1. 
Ba/tl ind  Scbaflaufen J I ^01,  Appenz,eely  if  13.  Called  5M'if%,  from  the 
name  of  the  Village  where  firft  began  this  Confederacy  ,  or  becaufe 
the  nroftJFamous  and  moft  Potent  of  them  j  not  all  united  into  one 
Confedera^lot^  till  the  Year  ip3-  Of  no  great  Reputation  till  the 
War  made  upon^  them  by  Charles  Duke  of  Burgundy y  whom  they  de- 
feated  in.  three  Battels  at  Granfony  Moraty  and  Nancy. 

This  Country  is  in  length  about  240  miles,  and  15*0  in  breadth; 
very  Mountainous,  affording  Deer ,  Wild  Goats,  and  Bears.  The 
lower  parts  of  thefe  Mountains  afford  rich  Meadows,  and  nouriihing 
Paftures  for  Cattel,  wherein  confifts  their  greateft  Wealth.  In  fome 
places  they  have  gpdd  Wines  and  Corn,  if  the  Care  and  Induftry  of 
the  HusbandmaiTDe  not  wanting.  This  is  faid  to  be  the  higheO^  Coun^ 
try  in  all  Europe;  yet  is  no  place  more  ftored  with  Lakes,  and  the  rile 
01  iirofe  famous  Rivers,  which  run  through  all  pares  thereof,  viz,.  The 
Rhine  Northward,  through  the  17  Provinces ;  the  Danube  Eaftward, 
through  Germany,  Hungary ;  the  ?oe  Southward,  through  Italy  j  and 
the  it«></<»««i  Weft  ward  through  Fy<«»«. 

As  the  Soil,  fuch  are  the  Inhabitants,  of  rude  and  rugged  Difpofi- 
tions,  more  fit  for  Arms  than  Civil  Occupations;  (erving  any  Prince 
that  will  hire  them.  In  a  word,  they  are  tall,  well  prop,  icioned, 
and  ftrong  ;  naturally  honeft,frugal,  and  induftrious ;  greai  lovers  of 
their  Liberty. 

As  for  the  Body  of  their  State,  icconfifts  of  three  diftind  Parts,  'viz,. 
I.  TYiQSchwitz^ers.  2.  The  6V<»rfj  which  are  Confederate  with  them. 
3.  The  Prefe6iuresy  which  are  Stibjc(5lsto  ih^Scb-witz^ers. 

The  Schwi:z.ers  are  camprehended  in  1 3  Cantom,  viz.  Suitia  Sivitz-, 
UriaUren/ZranJilvania  Underpaid fLuaria  LticertiyTugittm  Zug.Berna  Bern^ 


.^." 


SBS 


1|0 


Of  thtSm^es, 


Tigurum  Zurich^  BafiUa  Bafel,  Frilmilguffi  Frihurg,  SahJorum  Stlotur»f 
Abbatts-tella  Appenz,eel,  Glarona  Glaritz,^  Scafhufia  ScMfbanfen.  Thcfe 
make  the  Body  of  that  Commonwealth^  enjoying  many  Rights  and 
Privileges,  which  the  others  do  not. 

•  The  fecond  Member  is  made  up  of  the  T5wns  and  States  Confede- 
rates with  them  for  the  Prefervation  of  their  Liberties,  viz,.  The  Rhx- 
tti  or  GrijonSi  who  in  the  year  ^49 8,  united  in  a  perpetual  League  with 
Urerij  Switz.,  Urt/iertvaU,  Lucerrty  Zuricby  Glaritz,  and  Zug. 

The  FaUjfi,  P^aUife^  or  Waliflandy  who  in  the  year  lyj?-  entred  in- 
to Lengue  with  the  feven  Catholick  Cantons. 

The  Town  of  St.  G<»/,  in  the  year  14^4.  obtained  the  Prote<5lion 
and  Confederacy  of  the  fix  Cantons  of  Zurich,  Bern,  Lucern,  SwitZy 
Zugf  and  Glaritz.  The  Abhot  of  St.  Gal  only  with  Zurich,  Lucern, 
Switz  and  Glaritz. 

Mulhaufvn  &  Mulhu/ium,  &  Arialbinum  Ant,  te(te  SimUrOy  in  AlfatiaySL 
Town  Imperial,  joyned  in  a  perpetual  League  with  all  the  Switzers, 

Rotweil&  RotavilUf  in  Suavia,  a  Town- Imperial  not  far  from  the 
head  of  the  £><7»<i2^,  united  1 5"  1 9.  with  all  the  Cantons.       v^.«. 

Bienna,  Bienne  tefle  Baudrand,  rather  Biel,  upon  the  M/er-Lake,  was 
taken  into  the  League  with  Bern,  1  ^47. 

Neocomium,  Neufcbajlel  GaUis,  Novemburg  Germ,  with  Berny  Lucerh, 
and  Friburg. 

Geneva,  firft  with  Friburgy  then  with  Bern  and  Zurich,     ..'    ..   ' 

As  for  the  Prefedures  of  the  Soifitzers,  they  are  fuch  leffer  Parcels 
and  Addittaments,  as  have  arrived  to  their  State,  and  are  fubjed  to 
their  Authority,  either  by  Gift,  Purchafe  or  War,  viz,  theTownand 
Countrey  o(Baden,Bremgarten,Mellingen,Raperfvila  or  RaperchfwilL  The 
free  Provinces  of  IVagenthal,  The  County  of  Turgow,  al.  Turgea,  The 
Countrey  and  Tawn  of  Sargam  and  fValenfat.  The  Prefedorlhip  of 
Rheineck.  The  Vallies  of  Locarn,  Lugan,  Mtndrifi,  and  Madta.  The  Bai- 
liagesof  Belinzova,  Gajleren  and  Ulzenach.  QiGranfon,Morat,  and  Orke, 
and  Schwartzemburgy  and  the  Count  Verdemburg,  All  which  Cantons 
as  well  as  their  Allies,  are  asfo  many  diftind  Commonwealths,  Go- 
verned by  their  Magiftrates,  and  independent  upon  one  another. 
They  have  two  forts  of  Religion  amongftthem,  the.Roman  Catholick 
and  the  Proteftant :  The  Catholick  Cantons  are  five,or  as  fome  count, 
feven;  the  fire  Cantons  are,  Uri,  Switz^  Underwald,  Lucern,  and  Zug: 
They  that  reckon  feven  add  Friburg  and  Soleuri.  But  Zurich,  Bern,  Ba- 
fil  and  Scafoufe,  are  Protedant ;  Glans  and  Appenzd  are  Proteftants  and 
Papids  mix'd  together :  The  Catholick  Cantons  aflemble  at  Lucern, 

and 


of  the  Swiffes.  13T 

and  theProteftant  Cantons  at  Afa'tv.  TheGeneral  AnTemblies  are  held 
yearly  at  Ba^en,  which  bears  that  Name  from  her  Hachs.  Everv  C  an- 
ion is  free  to  engage  where  it  fees  convenient.  Among  all  thcfe  Cnn- 
tonr>,  Zurich  has  the  Precedency :  Bern  is  the  moft  Powerful.  Bafil  has 
the  fineft  City,  the  Refidence,  and  the  Rendezvous  of  fevcral  learned 
men.  The  Canton  of  Seafbattfm  has  a  City,  famous  for  Trade;  and  in 
Solotvrn  ftands  a  City  of  the  fame  Name,  where  the  moft  Cliriftian 
King's  Ambaifador  refides.  Vren^  Sv^itz.,  UndefwaU,  Glaruj  and 
yippenz.<l  have  only  Burroughs:  The  Order  of  the  13  Cantons,  ac- 
cording to  their  Precedency,  is  Zurich,  Btm,  Lucerriy  Uren,  Swttz,  Un- 
AtrWfildy  Zugy  Claris f  Bafil,  Frihurg^  Solotura,  Scafhaufen  and  Appenz.el, 

Amongft  die  Allies  of  the  Cantons,  the  Grijionsuve  the  moft  Powerful 
of  all.  Their  City  of  Coir*  is  the  place  whither  the  Merchandizes  of 
Itsly  and  Germany  Are  brought,  by  reafon  of  its  Scituation  upon  the 
Rhine,  which  in  that  place  begins  to  grow  Navigable. 

The  Chief  Cities  in  thefe  Cantons,  are  Zurich,  the  Tigurium  0^  Caf, 
&  Liv.  pleafantly  fcituate  at  the  end  of  a  Laite  called  Zuricb-Sc3i,  or 
Ttgurinun  Lacum,   divided  almoft  into  two  equal  parts  by  the  River 
I  Ligamm,  which  runs  out  of  the  Lake,  but  joyned  together  by  two 

Bridges.  The  Houfes  built  of  Timber,  and  Painted,  many  four  or  five 
ftories  high.  The  Streets  narrow,  but  paved  with  Flints  and  Pebbles. 
*Tis  well  Fortified,  befides  the  Wall,  with  good  Earth;Works  and 
Trenches.  It  hath  a  Univerfity.  Its  Citizens  are  Rich,  given  to  Mer- 
chandife,  Bufie  and  Induftrious.  To  this  belongs  the  Power  and  Autho- 
rity of  fummoning  the  General  Diets^  and  having  the  firft  place  in  both 
Affemblies. 

.  Near  Zurich  was  Zuinglim  flain,  aged  44  years,  whofe  Heart  re- 
mained whole  in  the  midft  of  the  Fire,  after  his  Body  was  confumed.. 
As  alfo  the  Heart  of  Biihop  Cranmer  in  England,  as  'tis  reported. 

Below  Zurich  upon  the  Ligamuf,  enjoying  a  moft  happy  and  plea- 
fant  Scituation,  lieth  the  Town  of  Baden,  named  thus  from  the  hot 
Baths  thereof,  beautified  with  fair  Buildings.  The  Seat  of  their  Ge- 
heral  Diets  ;  much  frequented  and  reforted  to  alfo  for  its  publick 
and  private  Baths,  not  fo  much  for  Health  as  Pleafure.  The  chiefeft 
Virtue,  is  the  quickning  Power  they  have  upon  barren  Women  ;  for 
here  the  Men  and  Women  promifcuoufly  wafh  together,  and  which  is 
worft,  in  private  too. 

Bafil  Afig.  Bafil  Germ.  Bafie  Gal.  Bafilea  Ital.  Bafilia  Merccl  The  Arial 
binum  o^  Ant.  tefle  Cluver&  Sanfon,  A  City  large  and  fair.  The  Houfes 
built  of  Stone  for  the  moft  part,  and  painted,  compafted  with  a  dou- 
ble Wall  and  Trench,  Rich  and  Populous.    The  River  Rhine  divides^ 

it: 


wmm 


••W 


bWImp 


it  into  two  parts,  which  are  jpiocd  together  by  a  Bridge  of  fourteen 
.  Arches.  In  this  City  are  faid  to  be^oo  Fountains.    It  gives  Title  to 
a  Bi(hop,  who  is  notfuffered  to  lodge  in  the  Town  one  Night.  Spanta^ 
lus  an  Englfi-msin  was  the  firft  Bifliop  here.  'Tis  an  University  found- 
ed by  Pope  P*«f  the  a</. 

Here  was  Erafmus  buried;  and  here  was  held  that  Council,  where 
.it  was  decreed  that  a  General  Council  was  above  the  Pope,  An.  14;  i. 
Near  hereunto  is  the  Village  Aug^^  where  ftood  the  City  Au^t^a, 
. Rauracon,PtoL  RauriacaofPlin.  and  Bajflia  &Civitas,  Befilienfiumo^ Ant. 
Bern  J  feated  upon  the  Aaty  with  thofe  Streams,  Ifland-Hke,  it  is  al- 
;nioft  round  encompafTed ;  on  that  fide  which  is  net,  it  is  ftrongly  fbr- 
Hiiied  with  Baftions  and  Outworks.    'Tis  buil2  of  Stone,  and  hath 
one  long  Street,  with  narrow  Porticoes,  or  Clcyfters,  on  both  Hdes. 
The  great  Church  is  oneof  thehandfotneftStonc-FabricksinaUiSac'ff- 
Lttcetn  is  feated  upon  both  fides  of  the  River  llufs,  iiluihg  forth  cf 
the  Lake  Lucem  and  IValfietten'Sea, untixCxty,  and plealantly feated; 
it  hath  four  Bridges  oyer  the  Rufs^  one  fot  Carts,  the  othsr  Foot- 
Bridges,  one  liear  a  quarter  of  a  mile  long.    The  great  Church  ftands 
without  the  City- Wall,  and  is  noted  for  its  great  Organ.    The  City  is 
well  traded,  and  much  frequent.:d  by  Strangers,  being  the  ordinary 
^Road  between  Italy  And  Germam,  and  the  Rendezvous  of  their  Mcr- 
.  chandife  palling  that  way. 

Altrof,  arf  open  Village,  is  the  chief  of  the  Canton  of  Ureni  The 
Village  of  .S3t//f!&  gave  name  to  the  Countrey.  ^j^nri&is  thechiefof 
the  C-nton  oi Underpaid.  Claris  gives  Name  to  that  Canton.  Zur^  is 
a  Waiied  Town  upon  the  left  Shore  of  the  Zugen-Sa,  Appenz^lwis 
Ibmetimes  ths  Seat  of  the  Abbots  of  St,  Gal,  then  Lords  of  the  Coun- 
trey :  now  gives  Name  to  the  Canton.  Soleturn,  Solothurum  of  Ant, 
lipon  the  A(.r,  was 'the  place  of  Martyrdcns  of  Urftfs  and  his  66  The- 
ban  Soldiers,  in  the  Reign  of  the  Emperor  Diockfian.  Frihmg  upon 
the  River  Ban:.j  is  a  handlbme  Town,  and  Head  of  the  Canton. 
.  Scaf-bauftn  i 5  feated  upon  the  Kviqt  Rhine,  where  all  Boats  and 
ploats  that  co.T:e  down  the  River,  unload  becaafe  of  the  CataradI: 
cr  precipitous  Defcentof  the  Rhwe  at  iVaJfarfal,  Here,as  at  Zuricbgthe 
CiriLcns  wear  Swords  when  they  go  abroad. 

Chief  Town?  of  the  Confederate  Eftates,  are  Geneva  Caf,  Genems 
Ital.  Ge-ff  Girjp.  is  pleafantly  feated  at  th©  lower  end  of  the  Lake 
Ltm.mus,  p'^'v  ^Gerffcrzse,  or  the  Lake  of  Genx'va,  divided  by  the  River 
Khiiicn  into  two  p.irts,  which  are  joyned  together  by  two  Wooden 
I3i  idgt^s,  (hongand  well  furcincd  with  Ramparts  and  Baftionsof  Earth; 
. .,     ,,  -  and 


no 


''.*., •,(  ':■'.< 


' 


Of  the  Smffej.  «J3 

and  we!!  governed,  wliere  Vice  is  difcountenanced,  yet  Sports  and 
Exercifes  allowed  upon  the  Lord's  Day  j  the  People  Indultrious  in 
Trading,  and  Provifions  plentiful.  Lofanne,  Laufanna,  the  Laujonium 
jint.  is  a  great  Town  and  Univerfity  upon  Lacm  Lamant. 

Coira  vel  Carta  Ital  Cbur  Incolist  Curia  Ant.d^  Diac,  is  the  Capital  Ci' 
tyof  the  Gr//o»;,  alrroft  environed  with  Mountains,  a  Bifliop'sSee, 
whofe  Inhabitants  are  all  Proteftants,  except  the  Bi(hop,  who  hath  no- 
thing to  do  in  the  Government  of  it,  yet  Coins  Money,  which  is 
currant  there.  This  Rhatia,  or  Country  of  the  Grifinsj  is  divided 
into  three  parts,  i.  Lega  Delia,  Cafa  Dio,  or  Fadus  Dootus  Dei.  2.  Leg>f 
Grifa.  3.  Died  Dritture^ov  Fee  Jus  decern  Jurifdi^ionum. 

Sion  Ital.  Sitten  Gtr,  Sedunum  Caf.  d^  Vlin.  is  the  chief  To  woof /^/tf- 
fi.e  or  Wallijlands,  rea chi ng  along  the  Courfe  of  the  Rbojne.  A^Hiop's 
See,  fcated  upon  the  Rbojne  in  a  Plain,  undsrafteep  biforked  Moun- 
tain, fpiring  up  in  manner  of  two  high  and  precipitous  Rocks;  upon 
the  top  of  the  one  is  the  Cathedral  Church,  and  the  Houfesof  the  Ca- 
ni.ns  upon  the  other,  which  is  much  higher.  The  ftrong  Caftle  called 
7byrhiley  inSummer-timc,  the  pleafant  Recefs  of  the  Bifhops,  the  Key 
of  the  Countrey.  '         ■ 

Martenach  is  the  QBodurus  of  Caf.  &  Civit.  Vale72(tum  /^nt.  St.  Mauritz, 
Jgaurutfjy  now  S^.  Moritz,  clofcd  with  a  Caftle,  and  two  Gates  upon 
the  Bridge,  and  the  Mountains  which  (hut  up  the  Countrey,  which  is 
within  niofl:  pleafant,  fruitful,  and  happy  in  Corn,  and  excellent  Pa- 
fture;  where  is  alfo  Salt  Springs  difcovjered,  ./Inm  1^44.  ncnv  Siften, 
Alfo  divers  Fountains  of  hoc  Medicinal  Waters.  Without,  the  Coun- 
try is  environed  wich  a  continual  Wall  of  horrid  and  ileep  Mountains. 
Thefurprifeof  it  alarmed  a\\  Europe,  whenfeized  upon  by  the  Count 
Fuentesy  for  the  King  of  Spaw. 

Mi'llingen,  Hrewgarttn^nd  /V/e/fw^f^^,  chief  Places  oUVagenthal,  lie  up- 
on the  Ruli  River.  Bid  appertainetii  to  the  BUliops  ot  Baj7/,  Neweri' 
bnrg  to  the  Houfeof  LorguevilkxrL  frame,  both  confederate  with  Bern. 

The  chief  places  ofTurgoiv,  are  St.  Gal,  featedamongft  Mountains, 
not  far  from  thaRbme,  and  the  Lake  Bodenz.ee  or  Con  fiance.  TheCity 
is  Rich  and  well  Governed,  inhabited  by  an  induftrioas  People,  in 
making  Stuffs  and  Linnen  Clothes.  From  th'  iramous  Monaftry  hereof, 
are  named  the  Abbots,  Princes  of  the  Empire,  and  of  great  Power 
and  Reverence  in  this  Countrey.  Frawenfeld  is  the  chief  belonging  to 
the  Confederate  Cantons. 

Chief  places  in  the  Italian  PrefeAures,  are  Locern   &  Locamum^ 

feAted  in  a  pleafant  and  fruitful  Plain,  betvixt  high  Mountains,  nnd 

the  Head  of  the  Lake  Maggiore,  the  Vtrbanm  Lacits  Strab,  &  Vlin.  and 

.  H  h  Lugavum 


"K 


V 


.< 


mmimimmmm 


f^^^i^W 


mm 


J 


9i4  •  Of  ltd}.  '.     ' ;; 

Xi(g<i««w,upoii  the  Lake  tucanm,  Vaulin,  Lego  de  Litgano,  Utah  Luwertz- 
z^e,  Helvet, 

Cbiavenna  Ital.  Clavema  Ant,  Claven,  lo  Italian  Miles  from  the  Lake 
Como.  The  Larius  Strab.  &  Vlin.  the  Comacema  of  Ant.  &^?.  Diac,  Lacus 
Infubria,  Lago  di  Como  Italis,  Cumerfee  Germanise  Bormio  Ical.  fFcrmsy 
Germ.  &  Sondrio,  are  the  chief  Places  in  the  Faltolma,  Vallis  Telina  & 
VoUtirena  Frovincia. 

The  Lake  oi Geneva  is  crofled  by  the  Rhofne,  and  yet  they  never  mix 
their  Waters  together.  And  there  are  Tempefts  upon  it,  even  in  fair 
Weather,  becaufe  it  lies  at  the  foot  of  the  Mills.  The  Natives  report, 
That  fulifts  Cafar  thKW  his  Treafure  into  this  Lake,  when  he  was  pur- 
fued  bv  the  Smtzers  jbut  hitherto  they  have  fought  for  it  in  vain. 

TlJfcVaters  of  all  the  Lakes  and  Rivers  in  this  Countrey,  are  ob- 
fervecrtobc  of  a  greenilh  Colour,  as  the  Sea- Water,  and  yet  are  not 
BrackiHi  or  Salt. 


r 


Of   ITALY. 


174//  is  fcituated  in  the  middle  Temperate  Zone,  in  fliape  ofa  Leg, 
between  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  and  the  Gulph  of  Venice.  The  Alps 
(  which  F,  Livy  calls  the  Walls  of  Italy  and  Rome ),  guard  it  towards 
thofe  parts  where  it  borders  upon  France,  Savoy,  Switzerland,  and 
Germany.  The  Appenine  cuts  through  all  the  length  of  it.  Po,  Adige, 
Tiber  and  Arno,  are  the  biggeft  Rivers. 

Theltalians  are  Polite,  Ingenious,Subtile,  and  very  prudent ;  in  Con- 
verfation  pleafant;  in  Carriage  obliging,  extreme  in  their  Cuftoms, 
temp^^rate  in  their  Diet,  faithful  to  their  Friends ;  but  thefe  Difpofi- 
tions  are  much  fuUied  by  four  Vices,  Revenge,  Luft,  Jealoufie  and 
Swearing. 

The  Women  for  the  moft  part  are  handfome,  of  good  Wit,  and  mo- 
deft  Behaviour  j  Saints  in  the  Church,  Angels  in  the  Streets,  Magpies 
at  the  Door,  Syrens  in  the  Windows,  and  Goats  in  the  Gardens. 

Their  Cities  are  therefore  che  fairer  and  letter  built,  becaufe  the 
Nobility  and  Gentry  ufually  have  their  Habitations  in  them. 

Their  Language  is  Courtly  and  Eloquent,  much  of  the  Latin ;  but 
t'le  Tufcan  Dialed:,  as  being  more  polimed,  is  received  at  the  Court  of 
Rome,  and  among  Perfons  of  Quality. 

The  Italians  count  not  their  Hours  as  we  do,  from  12  to  12.  begin- 
ning at  Mid-day  and  Mid-night ;  but  begin  their  account  from  Sun- 
fetcing,  reckoning  from  i  tp  24  Hours  for  a  Day  j  and  therefore  ne- 

■  '     ■  «  ceflitated 


Of  lulj. 


•n 


ceffit2.-ed  to  alter  and  new- fee  their  Clocks  every  Day,  the  fetting^0f 
the  Sjn  being  a  moveable  Point  or  Term. 

In  Italy  are  a  vafl:  number  of  Religious  Houfes,  where  young  Wo- 
men of  Quality,  who  for  want  of  fufficient  Fortunes  or  Perlbnal  En^ 
dowments,  cannot  get  Husbands  fuitable  to  thiir  Birth  or  Quality,' 
their  Parents  for  a  fniali  matter  difpofe  of,  and  fettle  them  there  for 
their  lives. 

There  are  alfo  Hofpitals  for  the  Entertainment  of  poor  Travellers, 
who  have  their  Diet  and  Lodging  for  three  days  (Gratis),  befidcs  a 
.  peice  of  Money  whfen  they  go  away. 

There  are  alfo  Hofpitals  to  take  care  of  all  expofed  Children  that 
are  brought  and  put  in  at  a  Grate  on  purpofe;  for  at  the  ringing  of  a 
3ell  an  Officer  comes  and  receives  the  Child,  and  carries  it  to  a  Nurfe, 
and  there  it,  is  maintained  till  it  be  grown  up. 

The  Nobility  and  Gentry  of  Italy  chufe  rather  to  fpend  their  Reve- 
nues in  building  fair  Palaces,  and  adorning  them  with  Pidures  and 
Statues,  in  making  Orchards,  Gardens,  Walks,  than  in  keeping 
great  Houfes,  and  pit  ^tiful  Tables.  And  certainly  'tis  better  Charity 
to  employ  poor  people^  and  give  them  Money  for  work,  than  to  give 
them  Money  freely,  and  fuffer  them  to  live  in  Idlenefs. 

One  Fhanomemnobkrved  at  Romeby  Mr.  Ray  was,  that  in  fliarp  Fro- 
fty  weather  in  the  middle  of  Winter,  the  Water  in  the  Fountains 
was  fo  hot  that  he  thought  it  had  been  heated  over  the  fire. 

lialy  is  divided  into  three  great  parts:  i.  The  Higher  part,  which 
is  Lombardy^  Longobardia,  containingthegreateftpartofGrt/Zw  C//a//?/»<jr, 
in  which  lies  the  Dutchy^of  Savoy,  the  Pri'^npality  of  Piedmont,  the 
Dutchy  of  Montferrat,  the  Commonwealth  c .  'oua,  Riviera  di  Genoua, 
thoDuzchy  oi  Milan,  Si'dhdiMilartOyOiParnJi^,  Stato  del  Duca  di  Par- 
ma, of  Modena,  Ducat m  Mutinenjis,  Stato  dil  Duca  dt  ^  udena,  of  Man- 
toua,  Stato  del  Duca  di  M^ntoua,  the  Territories  of  the  ^  natians,  S  uo 
di  Venetia,  afid  the  Biihoprick  of  Tnnt, 

2.  The  middle  part,  wherein  are  the  Dominions  or  Land  of  the 
Church,  Stato  della  Cbiefa,  or  Ditio  Ecclefta.  The  Eftates  of  tht  Great 
Duke  oi Tufcany, or  Ditio  Magni Ducts  Heturia  feuTufcia,  And  the  Com- 
monwealth of  Lucca,  Dominum  Reipublica  Lucenjis. 

5.  The  lower,  in  which  is  the  Kingdom  of  Naples,  Regno  di  Nap^^'. 

4.  To  which  we  may  add  a  fourth,  visi,  (ha  adjaceac  Ifl^i  .i0^ 
Sardinia,  Cor^a,  &c.  .  \i  ...  n  ^-n  1?:' 


■tv,  V. 


H  h2 


Of 


tuifmm 


ma 


lutfl 


■M' 


Of  Savoy    and  Pied  m  on  t. 


:--.•     i.i.AiJ^..' 


THE  AncienUnhabicants  of  this  Mountainous  Countrey^  were  ge- 
nerally called  by  the  Name  of  Allchrcgu  j  of  whom  the  firft 
mentioned  we  find  in  Story,  is  the  Atonement  made  by  Hannihai'm  his 
pafTage  this  way,  between  Bruncus  and  his  Brother,  about  the  Succeffi- 
on  of  the  Kingdom;  afterwards  fubdued  by  the  Romans  under  the 
ieveral  Condut^ts  of  C.  Domltm  u^mharbtts^  and  Qu,  Fabnts  Maxianus: 

After 


•     J  Of  Savoy*  2JJ 

After  which,  CoSim,  one  of  the  Kings  of  thefe  Allohroges^  was  infpe* 
cial  favour  with  Aurujtus  Cafavy  whence  it  had  the  Name  of  Alp e 
Cottiiey  and  by  that  Name  reduced  into  the  form  of  a  Province  by  Nero 
In  the  declining  of  the  Roman  Empire,  icbecame  a  parr  of  the  King- 
dom oi  Burgundy y  and  paffed  with  other  Rights  to  the  Empire  of  Gtr- 
tnm- 

Awadis  the  lid.  Earl  of  M^urienne,  Was,  by  the  Emperor  Henry  the 
IVth  invefteu  with  the  Title  of  Savoy:  And  Amadis  the  Vlllth,  created 
the  firit  Duke  by  Sigifrr/mdy  A  tjn.  i  ^  97.  But  the  main  Power  and  Pa- 
trimony of  this  Houfe,  was  by  the  Valour  of  the  two  E^rls,  Thomas 
and  ?exery  in  the  Years  12 10,  and  \^<^6.  who  got  by  Conquella  great 
part  rf  Viedmont ;  to  w'  ch  the  Marquifate  of  Saluces  was  united  by 
Marriage  of  the  Daugh.^jr  to  Charles  Duke  of  Savoy^  whofe  Succeffors 
kept  poffeflion  of  it,  till  Francis  the  Firft  pretending  fome  Title  to  it, 
in  Right  of  his  Mother,  a  Daughter  of  the  Houfe  of  Savoy,  annexed 
jc  to  the  Crown  of  France ;  from  which  it  was  recovered,  during  the 
Civil  \\(arsof  France,  by  the  Savoyards,  about  iy88.  by  whom 'tis 
(till  pofTelTed  :  By  reafon  of  the  difficult  and  narrow  ways,  and  thofe 
full  of  Thieves,  it  was  once  called  Malvoy ;  but  the  paflages  being 
opened  by  the  Induftry  of  the  People,  and  purged  of  Thieves  by  good 
Laws,  it  was  called  Savoy,  Salvoy,  Sahaudta.  Lat.  Savoia  Italh,  La  Sa^ 
voye,  Gallis. 

It  is  full  of  thofe  Mountains  which  we  call  by  a  general  name  of 
.Alps,  though  feveral  Branches  have  their  peculiar  Names:  ^\dcunt  C(- 
»/j,  and  little  St.  Bernard,  open  the  two  moft  confiderable  Paffages  in- 
to Italy.  'Tis  a  Country  he;althy  enough,  but  not  very  fruitful,  except 
fome  Valleys,  which  aie  very  fertile  and  delightful. 

The  common  Peopld  are  naturally  dull  and  fimple,  and  unwarlike, 
but  the  Gentry  civil  and  ingenious.  It  paffes  for  the  moft  noble  and 
primier  Dukedom  of  Chriftendom ;  the  power  and  prefence  of  whofe 
Dukes  are  the  more  confiderable,  becaufe  Mafters  of  the  moft  part  of 
the  paffages  out  of  France  mto  Italy ;  and  by  the  poifQiTton  of  Piedmont, 
the  County  of  iV/w,and  other  Signiories. 

Under  the  name  of  Savoy  are  comprehended  thefe  fix  pArts,  Sahatt- 
dia  propria.  La  Savoye,  Genevenfis  Comitate,  Le  Genevois,  Mauriana, 
La  Maurienne,  Tarantaifia,  La  Tarantaife.  Foi^miacum,  Le  Fojfigny,  d^ 
Cabilltcus  Tragus, Le  Chablais. 

Chamber fi  Chambericum,  Cbamberiacum  or  Carmeriacum,  Civarro',Cie, 
tefie  Canali,  &  Forum  Vicontii,  tefie  Pineto,  is  the  Capital  City  of  the 
Dukedom,  and  the  refidence  ofa  Parliament  ;  fortified  with  aftrong 

Caftle,and  good  Out worHs, 

Mantmi* 


I  I 


3^'-. 


11  mmm 


Blip? 

^3* 


Mi  ^'*'<'> 


r 


Montmeliat),  MonmeliaKum^  is  the  place  of  ftrengch,  with  a  Ciradel 
that  defends  the  reft  of  the  Mountains,  almoftinacceffible,  where  they 
fay  the  Keys  oi  Savoy  are  locked  up.    Taken  by  the  French  1691. 

MonflUrs  Movflfitrium  is  an  Archbilhop's  See,  the  Civifas  Cantontm 
of  Avt.  Annecy  Annedum^  was  the  Relidence  of  theBiiliops  o^dve've. 

Ripatle  was  the  Retiring-place  of  Fehx  the  IVth,  before  and  after 
his  Pontificate,  that  Prince  living  at  peace  in  fuch  a  retirement  fpom 
bufinefi,  thatit  became  a  Proverb,  To  /ive  atRipaik,  ofthofe  that  only 
took  their  plealtire,  and  lived  at  eafe. 

Other  Places  are  Clufe,  Clufa,  Fantium  Santti  Johanjiis.  St.  Jean  in 
Mauriene    Tbor,on,     Thononium,  or   Ihumnittm.     Le  Rourg  St.    Morice. 
In  the  Mountains  bordering  on  this  Country  and  France,  are  the  Pro- 
geny of  the  Albigenjisy  which  about  the  Year  1100.  ftoodfor  the  Li- 
berty of  the  Church,  and  the  Do(5lrineof  their  PredecefTors  j  and  a- 
boutthe  Year  12  fo.  they  were almoft  utterly  ruined  by  the  Popes  and 
French  Kings.    The  remainder  preferring  their  Confcience  before  ihei  r 
Country,  retired  up  into  the  Mountains,  and  by  their  Induftry  and 
good  Husbandry,  made  thevery  Rocks  to  bring  forth  Herbage  for  their 
Cattel,  and  here  they  worfhipped  God  according  to  the  Reformed 
Churches  until  the  latter  end  of  Francis  the  Firft,  when  happen'd  the 
Maflacre  of  Merinianum,  or  Martgvan  GnlUs,  and  Chabrieres.  And  in 
the  Year  1662,  and  1665.  they  were  again  perfecuted  and  malTacred 
by  the  Savoyards.   Mr.  Ray  in  his  Travels  of  1665.  met  withfomeof 
the  Proteftants  of  Z,«cfr«  and  Angrcna^t  Turin,  who  told  him  that  they 
were  in  number  about  ifooo  Souls,  and  2000  Fighting-men;  that 
they  dwell  in  14  Villages,  that  they  are  the  only  Proteftants  in /r^/>', 
and  have  maintained  their  Religion  1200  years.    But  what  have  been 
done  to  them  Hnce  1684.  Hiftory  is  (llent;  until  the  Expedition  of 
the  Fauclois,  1689. 

Wfthin  the  Limits  jo  f  Savoy  is  the  Signiory  o^  Geneva,  about  eight 
Leagues  in  compafs,  feated  on  the  Lake  Lemanus,  divided  into  two 
parts  by  the  Rhojne,  well  fortified,  and  a  flourifliing  Univerfity,  go- 
verned by  a  Common  Council, confifHng of  200,  the  fourchiefwhere^ 
of  are  called  Smdiques.  The  Church-Government  conHfleth  of  I^ay- 
men  and  Minifters,  begun  by  C'<?/t/;«,  Anno  15:4^'  Formerly  it  was  the 
Soveraignty  of  the  Duke  of  Savoy  (and  therefore  mentioned  in  this 
place  )  but  fince  the  reliftance  of  the  great  Siege  1  ^89.  they  have  flood 
on  their  own  Liberty,  and  are  reckoned  a  Cofmiton\4rea)ili.n^  .IJ 

■■■■■■i  ■■  ■•■:,•,-■  hor  •  v>:.r    '     ... 


I 


??(?s^W^?S»fWWTp'8!f^'«(. 


•■*\  ^   v--  '■-'  V<*»i. 


:S. 


*39 


Of  Piedmont y  Fiemont  Gallky  Prhwipatus  Pe- 
domontana^  Litt,    Gallia  Snbalpna^  Plin.  &c. 

IT  is  now  in  the  poffeffion  of  the  Duke  of  Savoj.  The  ancient  In- 
habitants whereof,  were  the  SaUjJii,  Libya  and  Taurim^  all  van- 
quiihed  by  the  Rowans,  fubdued  afterwards  by  the  Lomhartis,  of  whofe 
Kingdom  it  remain'd  a  part  till  its  fubverfion,  and  then  became  divi- 
ded into  feveral  Eftates,  till  conquered  by  Thomas  and  Vettr  Earls  of 
Savoy,  in  Anno  148 1. 

PofTefled  after  by  the  French,  upon  pretence  of  a  Title  by  the  afore- 
faid  Marriage ;  after  recover'd  by  the  Savoyard,  Anno  1  j88.  And  in 
the  year  1600  compounded  with  Henry  the  Fourth,  the  County  of 
Breft  being  given  in  exchange  for  the  Marquifate  ofSaluJJ'e,  Marchefato 
fli  Saluz,z,o  It  alts,  wliofe  chief  place  is  Saluz.z,o  ItaL  Saluce  Gal.  Augufia 
Vagienmrum,  &  Salina  Ptol.  of  which,  together  with  the  reft  of  Pied^ 
tnont,  and  fome  places  of  importance  in  Montferrat,  this  Family  oiSa- 
'voy  do  now  ftand  poffelTed  of. 

A  Country  very  fertile  in  Corn,  Cattel,  Wine  and  Fr'iits,  Hemp 
and  Flax,  compared  with  Savoy  and  Swltz.erlarJ,  but  inferior  to  the 
reft  of  Italy,  to  which  it  did  belong. 

It  contains  if  Marquifates,  52  Earldonis,  i6oCaftIes,  or  Walled 
places :  divided  into  thefe  parts,  viz,,  Ducatas  Augufianus,  k  Duche  de 
Aou(ie.  MarchioKatm  Segujinus,  le  Marquifate  de  Suje.  Mar;:hionatus  Efo^ 
redia,  le  Man^uifate  d''  Juree.  Marchionattts  Saluttaruw,  le'Marquifat  deSa^ 
luffe.  Marchionatas  Ceva.  Le  Mar  qui  fat  de  Ccva,  Comitatus  A(letijii,  le 
Conte  d'  Ajle,  Dominium  Vercelknfe,  la  Seigmtme  de  Verced,  To  which  is 
added  Candvenfis  TraBus,  la  Canavefc. 

The  principal  Town  whereof  is  'I'itrin,AugUjfa  Taumiorum  Tolih,  Tim, 
Ptol.  Taiirafia  App.  &Liv.  the  Court  and  Palace  of  the  Duke  of  Savoy, 
fcituace  on  the  River  Po,  a  place  very  important  for  the  Guard  of 
Italy,  and  fortified  with  a  ftrong  Cictadel  j  adjoning  to  it  is  a  Park  of 
the  Duke's,  fix  miles  in  Circuit,  full  of  Woods,  Lakes  and  plealant 
Fountains,  which  makes  it  one  of  the  fweeteft  Scituations  in  Euror. 
The  See  of  an  Archbifliop,  and  ah  Univerfity  where  Eraftxus  took 
his  Degree. 

VerctUt,  &  VercelU,  Ptol  Vcrce^l  Gallis,  a  ftrong  Town^  bordering 
upon  M/^;«5  and  by  the  Pyr.man  Treaty  reftored  to  the  Duke  of 
Savoy,      "      ' 


mm 


mm. 


,/ 


/ 


ii4o 


Of  Montfemt. 


f^ 


■■<•>' 


l^ice iOr  Nizzcy  Nicaa  Strah.  Liv,  Urhs  Vedidntiorumj  built  out  of  the 
Ruins  of  Cemelcr.eunty  Vtol,  Cey*jtUony  Vlin.  Cemda.  I^ot.  fix  miles  North- 
wards. Seated  at  the  Influx  of  the  River  l^arusy  near  the  Sea ;  beauti- 
fied with  a  Cathedral  Church,  the  Bifliop's  Palace,  a  Monailery  of 
Nuns,  and  an  Impregnable  Citadel  ,  famous  for  the  refinance  of  a 
Navy  of  260  Sail,  under  the  Turkijh  Admiral  Barbarcfa,  Anno  1  ^43. 
given  by  Joanna  Ludo'vico  II.  to  the  Duke  of  Savoy ^  ^?<5f.  The  Coun 
try  is  called  "iskaenjii  Comitatus,  la  Contado  di  Nizz,.:,  Inrolis,  La  Comte 
ds  Nice  Gallts.  And  is  famous  for  the  Aftronomer  Hipparcbusy  and  the 
Poet  Partbentus.    Near  which  is  the  Harbor  yUla  Franca,  Where  the 

Dukes   Gallies  do  ride. Jurea,  or  Hiurea   \s  ths  Eporedia  o^   Pfol.' 

Eporredia  Plin.  Evoradia  Strab.  Eporadir  j-Atit.  EwftJ\A  Sbeld.  a  Bifliop's 
See  and  ^ivcs  Title  to  the  Marquijate  del  Juree,  Com  Cuneum^  taken  by 
the  Frencb  1641.  now  it  belongs  to  the  Duke  of  ^^jx'^-,  a  ftrong  walled 
Town.  Suj'e  SeguJiuM,  Ptok  Segufio  Plm.  &  Ant.  is  the  chief  place  of 
the  Segujinus  Marcbtonatm.  Civa,  the  Ceba  Cafium  &  Ctbanum  Vlin.  and 
gives  name  to  a  Marquifate.  Aoufie,  Aofia  &  Augfl-.  Gerw.  At>cjf  &  AoH 
Gallisy  is  the  Augufla  Pratoua  Plin,  &  Ptol.  and  the  chief  of  Augufia 
Vucaiusy  anciently  a  Roman  Colony,  and  now  for  greatnefsand  beauty 
of  her  buildings  may  compare  with  the  moll  ftately  Cities  of  Lombard], 
Saluz.z,a  halts,  Saluda j  Saliva^&Attgnfia  l^agicnmrumo^  the  Ancients  ; 
SalucCj  Gallisj  is  the  chief  place,  Mircbcjato  di  Saluz,x,o.  Carmantoky 
tiowCarmagmUy  isfeated  two  miles  from  the  Po  River,  and  nine  from 
the  Tenarus.  Quura<  is   the  Cbcrafcco  or  Ctuya',cOy  Carrea    Plin. 

Clarafcum  &  ChieraJcOy  famous  for  the  Peacq  made  Anno  163  i.  The 
Principality  of  Maj/er an  is  undtr  the  Government  of  its  own  Prince, 
(  egevte  Ferrera  Fhfca  )   who  is  a  Dependant  on  the  Pope. 

Ptgneroly  Pmaroliam  Pinarolo  ItaL  Fortified  with  a  Caftle  of  great 
importance;  fold  by Cbarlej  Emanudto  Lewis  t\\Q  Thirreenih  of  f ranee. 
Anno  1631.  a  Commodious  Pafs  from  France  to  Ital)  on  all  occafions 

Of  Montferat,  or  Montis  Ferratt  Ducatus^ 
Monferato  1  talis  y  Monferrat  Gallis. 

TH  E  Efbte  or  Country  of  Montferat  doth  in  part  belong  to  the 
Duke  of  Mantua,  and  the  reft  to  the  Duke  oi  Sa'vojy  a  Moun- 
tainous Country,  but  of  a  fertil  Soil.  The  River  Tenarus  parts  the 
Polleflions  of  A/<z«r«<ifrom  that  of  6'<?V7. 

.  Chief 


YUS, 


jt^Uiik' 


mmmmm^ 


■f. 


Of  Qeftoid* 


S4r 


Chiefplaccs  belonging  to  thcDuke  of  Mantua^  are  the  impregnable. 
Fortified  Cafale,  or  Cajal,  upon  the  Po,  Bodkicomagum  &  Bodmcomagut 
of  Plitt.  &  PtoK  Anno  1640.  the  French  beat  the  Spaniards  off  from 
the  Siege  of  Cajai^  and  in  their  Camp  took  60000  Duccats  and  4 
Chariot  that  coft  8000  Ducacts.  Surpfifed  by  the  French^  1691. 

It  is  fortified  with  a  Caftle  and  ftrong  Citadel ,  the  fureft  Key  to 
the  Eftate  of  the  Duke  of  Mantua,  and  indeed  to  all  Italy, 

Alba,  Alba  Pompeia,  where  Pertinax  the  Roman  Emperor  was  born, 
but  barbaroufly  murthered  by  the  Pretorian  Soldiers;  now  belongs  to 
the  Duke  of  Savoy,  fince  the  Peace  of  ^wr/»-,  or  Pace  Clarafci. 
^    Trin  Gallis,Trino  Italis^  Tridinum  &Tridinium  f^eteri,  a  walled  Town, 
reftored  to  the  Duke  of  Mantua  by  the  Peace  aforefaid, 

Acejuiy  Ae^ua  StatelU  Strab.  A^ua  Statyella  Plin.  belonging  to  the 
DukQ  of  Mantua. 

Chief  Rivets  are  the  Great  and  J-ittle  Doire,    The  Stura,  the  Dena- 
fus,  and  the  Bormio. 


.'.<■),  \  ,. 


.-'i'f  »"1 


I' '5..?    V;*lj 


1    V     |.  ^i     t* 


Of  the  State  of  Genomy  Ref-publka  Genuenfis 
V      il  GenovefatOy  feu  Riviera  di  Genona*    > 


■.t'l^'hy 


•  ftS^-,     \- 


<-kv'.J,-'i]-:li,\ 


ONce  v^y  large,  at  prefent  containing  only  the  Ancient  Liguria 
in  the  Continent,  the  Ifle  Corjica  and  Capraria 

The  old  Ligurians  were  a  ftout  and  Warlike  Nation,  vanquifiied  by 
the  Romans,  and  made  one  of  the  1 1  Regions  of  Italy,  in  Auguftus 
Cafar\  Divifion ;  andpne  of  the  17  in  the  time  of  Conjl amine  thz  Em- 
peror. A  Country  very  Mountainous  in  the  Land,  and  full  of  craggy 
Rocks  to  the  Sea,  but  among  thofe  Hills  are  Rich  Valleys,  abounding 
in  Citrons,  Limons,  Oranges  and  Vines,  which  produceth  excellent 
Wines. 

Tis  Mn  length  about  i  yo  miles,  in  breadth  not  one  fourth  part  fo 
much,  tho  fome  Pretenders  to  Geography  tell  us,  'tis  100  in  length, 
and  not  fo  much  in  breadth.  : 

The  chief  City  whereof  is  called  Genoua,of  old  Geti:ta\  fifft  built  by 
Janus  the  firft  King  of  Italy,  but  miferably  deftroyed  by  Mago  the  Bro- 
ther of  Hannibal '^h\jL\\t  again  by  the  Senate  oi  Rome,  but  again  ruined 
by  the  Lombards,  and  re-edified  by  Charles  the  Great,  fcituate  on  the 
Shore  of  the  Ligurian  Sea,  full  of  (lately  Palaces  richly  adorned  within 
and  without,  to  which  are  joined  pleafant  and  delightful  Gardens.  Its 
Strada  Nuaija  or  Newfireet,  being  along  and  fpacious  Street,  on  each 

It  fide. 


>> 


Swr^. 


m 


I 


nil.   I     '  ImmwiaK 


24^  ^/  Qtnoui* 

fide,  embelliAied  with  ftately  Palaces,  for  the  noft  part  all  fLj»orted 
with  vaft  Pillars  of  Marble,  not  to  be  parallel'd  in  the  World :  Among 
which  is  the  Jefuits  College,  and  Magnificent  Church,  but  inferior  to 
a  new  Church,  over  one  of  whoie  Altars  (to  omi(  other  Ornaments 
of  an  exceflive  value  j  are  placed  four  Pillars  of  wreathed  Aggat  of  an 
incredible  greatnefs.  The  Palace  of  the  Doria  with  its  famous  Bird- 
Cage.  To  which  we  may  add  its  new  Mould  built  even  in  the  Sea, 
which  makes  the  Port  fencompalTed  with  fair  Buildings,  In  form  of  a 
Theatre  )  twice  as  large,  and  much  fafer  than  before  ;  oppofite  to 
which,  on  a  Pharos  is  a  Lanthorn  of  great  bignefs,  to  give  light  to 
Sea-men  iri  the  Night.  This  City  is  in  circuit  about  8  Miles,  fortified 
towards  the  Sea  by  Art,  towards  the  Land  by  Art  and  Nature.  Now 
Genotia,  la  Suferha.  The  Inhabitants  are  addided  to  Trade  and  Ufu- 
ry.    The  Women  are  allowed  the  liberty  of  the  Streets. 

Other  places  of  Note,  are  Sarzaua^  or  Serezana,  a  ftrong  Fortrels 
within  the  Confines  of  Tujcany*  Frwcipattts  Adtmaci,  AJonaco  Incolis, 
Mburgues  GaBisj  Hercules  Monaci  fortm  of  old,  is  a  fmall,  but  a  ftrong 
Town,  feated  upon  a  Rock  under  its  own  Prince  Gente  GrimaUi, 
Aon.  1641.  it  received  the  French  Protedion.  Finale  is  the  FoUio^a 
of  yifit.  tefie  Siml.    Taken  by  the  French  1691.  as  was  alfo, 

Oneglia,  a  Principality  under  the  Duke  of  Savoy,  te fit  Baud, 

Savona  Savo  Liv.  famous  for  the  Interview  of  Ferdinand  of  Spain, 
and  Levfis  the  lar^of  Frame,  as  alfo  for  yielding  three  Fopes  to  the 
Church  of  Rome,  Vintimiglia  Ahmmimum  Ttol,  Albintimilium  Tae,  Al- 
hintemelium  Cic.  Vintimilium  Var.  and  Alhenga,  Albingaunum  Flin,  Albi* 
gaunum  Ttol.  both  well  fortified. 

As  for  their  Government,  the  principal  of  their  Magiftrates  hath  the 
Name  of  Duke,  to  whom  there  are  adiitant  8  Principal  Officers,  which 
with  the  Duke  are  called  the  Signeury,  which  is  alfo  in  matters  of 
greateft  concern  fubordinate  to  the  General  Council  confiiiiogof^oo 
Perfons,  all  Gentlemen  of  the  City,  who  with  the  Signeury,  confiitute 
the  whole  Body  of  the  Commonwealth. 
'  Their  Forces  have  been  loooo  ready  to  Arm  at  any  time,  and 
2  f  Gallies  always  ready  in  the  publick  Arfenal,  4  Gallies  at  Sea  to  fe- 
cure  their  Trade. 

1[hey  are  now  under  the  Shelter  and  Protection  of  the  Spaniards. 


^ 


■irl, 


Of 


M 


A  .,.^..1 


/%'  - 


Hi 


Of  the  Dutchy  of  Milan.  Dncatus  Mediola- 

/;        ,       nenjis  Stato  de  Milano.    ^ 

WHofe  Ancient  Inhabitants  were  the  Infubrts^  but  is  now  under 
the  Obedience  of  the  King  of  Spahtf  feated  in  the  beft  part  of 
LomffarJjf,  richin  Natures  gifts,  and  for  its  wonderful  Fertility  eitcem- 
ed  the  Flower  in  theGardenof /r<7/y,  and  the  Nobleft  Dutchy  in  Chri- 
ftendom;  the  ways  are  there  very  pleafant,  fet  out  almoft  as  ftraitas 
a  Line,  with  Channels  of  running  Water,  and  rows  of  Trees  on  both 
fides  ;  the  moft  dcfivab'.e  Place  to  live  in  that  can  be  feen,  if  the  Go- 
vernment were  not  lb  cxcertive  fevere,  that  there  is  nothing  but  po- 
verty over  all  this  nch  Country. 

Its  cheif  City  is  Milan y  Me/iioUnuM  Strab.  Plin.  Milam  Itat.  Meyland 
G«j;«».  which  tho  fo  often  r|^ined,and  its  Foundations  fown  with  Salt; 
having  been  befieged  403  and  taken  22  times  ;  yet  it  exalts  it  felf  as 
the  faireft  and  greateft  City  of  all  LombarJyy  (bated  in  a  wide  Plain, 
environed  with  feveral  Rivers,  ftrongly  guarded  with  a  fpaclous  and 
almoft  impregnable  Caflie,  beHdes  its  other  Fortifications;  the  Build- 
ings fair  and  ftately,  three  efpecially  very  magnificent,  itsGaftlebr 
Cittade!,Hofpitalor  LazMretre,  itsCathedral  or  Dome ;  here  are  36  Mo- 
nafteries  of  Niins,  50  Convents  of  Friers,  9 y  Parochial,  ti  Collegiat 
Churches,  moft  of  which  are  ftatclyStruAures,  beautified  with  curi- 
ous Pointings,  Images  and  Sepulchres.  In  the  Cabinet  of  the  Chanoim 
SetaOa^  are  rare  Curiofities,  both  of  Art  and  Nature. 

The  whole  City  is  about  10  miles  in  compafs,  exceeding  populous^ 
containing  ;ooooo  Inhabitants ;  very  rich,  having  many  Families  of 
Nobility  andGentry,  of  great  Commerce  by  reafon  of  its  Misrchants, 
Shopkeepers  and  Artificers,,  and  a  general  Staple  for  all  Merchandizes 
from  FrancBy  Spain,  and  Other  pans  of  Italy  and  Germany, 

Other  places  in  Milan,  arei  t^avia,  PapiafeuTicinum,  made  an  Uni- 
verfity  by  Charles  the  IVth,  guarded  with  a  Caftle,  and  adorned  with 
thericheft  Cathedral  in  Europe,  worth  ^ooooo  Crowns  per  Annum, 
famous  for  the  Battel  in  which  Francis  the  firft  King  of  France  was  ta- 
ken Prifoner  by  Charles  the  Vth.  2.  Alexandria,  or  AleJJandria,  now 
theftrongeft  Work  of  the  wholeDutchy ;  well  fortified  againft  the  A(^ 
faults  and  Batteries  of  the  French,  ;»  Cremona,  feated  on  the  Banks  of 
the  ?oe\  a  place  of  good  Trade,  its  Houfes  ftately,  its  Streets  large, 
beautified  with  curious  Gardens,  famous  for  its  high  Tower  and'Ca-  « 

I  i  2  thedral 


^-, 


■annwi 


"^mmim 


2,44  Modeftdf  kc. 

thedral  Church.  Here  Vifelliui*s  Soldiers  were  defeated  by  the  Forces 
of  Veffajian,  and  the  Town  fired  by  them.  Lodi  is  the  Lam  Pfimpeja 
of  the  Ancients,  a  Frontier  Town,  bucamiferableGarifon,  20  miles 
from  Milatiy  in  the  remtian  Territory.  Tortona  U  the  Dertona  Vtol.  & 
Tlin.  Derton.Stfpb.  Dertbon  or  DartboTj J  5/r<»^.  taken  by  the  Freucb,  i6^i» 
after  delivered  to  the  Spaniards.  Novara,  Crewa  &  Mortara^  are  alio 
confiderable.  Her  Lakes  are  L^go  Magiore,  yerbanm  Lacus  of  Strab.  va 
length  300  Stadia,  $6  miles,  .ind  6  broad,  with  her  two  Borrtmean 
Iflands,  the  lovelieft  Spots  of  Ground  in  the  World.  2.  Lago  Del  Co- 
ma. %.  Lugam  LacMSj  or  Lugo  di  Lugano.  Its  Rivers  are  OUiusy  now 
Oglio  River  ;  Abdut,  now  Adde  River;  Lambrus  fl.  bodie,  Lambro  Ri- 
ver, Ticinus'fi.  now  Tc/ine  River,  which  runs  with  fuch  a  force,  that  in 
3  hours  with  one  Rower,  Dr.  Burnet  was  carried  ;o  miles.  Sencizfl, 
or  Scejia  River.  4.  Coma,  or  Cowum,  where  the  Vlinies  were  born, 
on  the  South  of  the  Lagodt  Coma,  aforcfaid,  a  Lake  48  miles  in  length. 
Laricus  Lacus,  Strab.  &  ?Un» 

Of  Modena.  •      c 

THE  Dukedom  of  Modena,  Dusatus  Mutinenfts,  Stato  delDuca  di 
Modena,  contains  the  Cities  oi Modena  and  Reggio,  with  the  Ter- 
ritories adjoining  to  them,  Modena  the  Capital  City,  anciently  better 
known  by  the  name  of  Mutina,  famous  for  the  firft  Battel  between  An- 
tony  and  Augufius  Cafar,  Now  the  Refidence  of  their  Duke,  whofe 
Palace,  though  not  outwardly  great,  yet  is  richly  attorned  within  ; 
whofe  Cabinet  or  Mufeum,  is  well  furnifhed  with  choice  of  natural  Ra- 
rities, Jewels,  &c.  BrijJeOo,  Brixel/um  Tlin.  &  Ptol.  famous  for  the  Death 
of  Otbo  the  Roman  Emperor,  who  here  flew  himfelf,  becaufe  his  Army 
was  unfortunately  vanquifhed  by  ViteUtHs,  Reggio,  Regium  Lepidi,  a 
Place  that  has  occafioned  great  Stirs  between  the  Popes  and  the  old 
Dukes  of  Ftrrara,  Here  are  many  Sculptors  both  for  Ivory  and 
Wood.  ...  ,       .  . 

■  ,  •     •  •   ■  ,<  » 

Of  Parma. 


TH  E   Dukedom  of  Parma,  Ducat  us  Parmenjts,  or  il  Ducato  di  Par*- 
ma,  is  much  of  the  fame  nature  for  Soil  and  Air,  as  Modena. 
Its  cheif  City  Parma,  is  feated  in  a  fruitful  Plain,  y  miles  diftant 
60m  the  yi/i/fwwf,  about  four  miles  incompafs,  adorned  with  many 
■.  '  rich 


Of  MsMtHtf,  ^^% 

rjclr  and  ftately  StruAures  very  populous,  and  well  inhabited  by  Gen* 
try,  who  are  muchaddi«aedto  Learning,  Arts  and  Arms;  the  Ground  J 
about  this  City  are  of  excellent  Paftorage,  which  feed  abundance  o*  ' 
Sheep.    Here  is  made  the  curious  rarmajan  Cheele  fo  much  efteemed 
throughout  all  Europe,  • 

The  Duke  hath  here  his  Palace,  a  place  of  great  delight  and  (late ;  ; 
its  Churches  are  beautified  and  rarely  embellilhed  with  Pictures  and 
Images. 

2.  Piacenztty  or  Piaeentia,  famous  for  <he  Refiftance  which  it  made 
both  to  Hi^nmhal  and  j^ftirubal;  now  renowned  for  its  Fairs  quarterly 
kept,  which  all  Itafy,  Germany,  and  other  Countries  do  frequent,  and 
here  make  their  Exchanges. 

The  River  Trehia  was  witnefs  to  the  overthrow  of  the  Romans  by 
UannibaL 

OftheDntchyofMsinma,  .: 

TH  £  Dukedom  of  Mantua,  Ducatus  Matitttanm,  Ducato  di  Mantoua 
It  alts,  is  a  Country  plentiful  in  Corn^  Pafturei  Wines,  and  all 
for  of  Fruit;  Mantoua  the  cheif  City,  is  feated  in  a  Lake,  20  miles 
in  ^^^mpafs,  by  nature  very  ftrong  and  well  fortified ;  having  no  en- 
trance, but  over  Cawfies.  The  Dukes  Palace  is  fair  and  (lately,  and 
the  beft  furniihed  in  all  Italy,  except  his  Palace  at  MirmiroUa,  ^  miles 
from  the  City,  which  for  the  Pleafures  and  Delights  thereof,  and  for 
its  rich  furniture  and  beautified  Gardens^  may  acceptably  entertain 
the  beft  Prince  in  Chriftendom.  Mantoua  is  of  Great  Antiquity,  Schot" 
}»i  faith,  'tis  4  Miles  in  compafs,  hath  8  Gates,  and  about  foooo 
Souls.  It  was  miferably  attacked  by  the  Germans,  1619.  and  by  the 
Emperor  Ftrdinand  the  lid's  Army  in  th&  Year  1630.  The  Duke*s 
yearly  Revenue  isfaid  to  be  400000  Crowns;  yet  the  prefent  Duke  is 
very  poor,  being  indebted  to  the  Venetians,  as  Lett  faith,  four  Millions 
of  Crowns,  There  are  befides  four  or  five  fmall  Princes,  but  Sove- 
raign  Lords,  viz,.  Novellara,  GuafieSa,  Bozolo,  Sahionetta,  whofe  Male-  , 
line  is  failed  ;  CaftigOone  and  Solfare, 

As  alfo  of  the  Eftate  of  the  Dutchy  of  Montferrat,  which  doth  in 
part  belong  to  the  Duke  of  Mantua,  the  other  part  to  the  Duke  of 
Savoy,  as  axorefaid. 


Of 


WT" 


M^ 


^.^^ 


Of  the  States  of  Venice. 


THE  r-emefnes  of  the  Venetians  are  very  full  of  liivers,  Lakes 
and  Cha/inelsj  'cis  a  Rcpublique  of  above  i  zoo  years  ftanding, 
and  ths  Bulwark  of  Chrifiendom  againftthe  Turks,  The  chief  City  is  Ve^ 
vice  or  Venetia,  ieated  at  the  bottom  of  ti)e  Auriatick  Sea,  or  Gulpb  bf 
Venice,  builc  on  72  IHands,  u*i(^anc  from  the  main  Land  about  five 
mile,  and  defended  fro;ri  the  fury  of  the  Sea  by  a  Bank  of  (fomefay) 
60,  other  3f  miles  in  length;  open  in  feven  places,  which  fervefot 
paflages  for  Boats  or  Gondola* s,  ol  which  there  are  i^oo.  but  for  Ships 
orVeiTels  of  great  burchen,  the  only  paifage  is  at  Malamocct,  and  Ca« 
ftle  Lado,  which  are  ftrongly  fortified  ;  it  is  about  8  miles  in.compaiS) 
having  about  4000  Bridges,  of  which  that  of  the  Rialto  is  the  chief, 
built  over  the  Grand  CanaU  The  Lagunes  or  Shallows  -^f  Venice,  fuik 
of  late  fo  much,  that  the  preferving  it  f^ill  an  Ifland^  is^  like  to  become 
as  great  a  charge  to  the  Venetians,  as  the  keeping  out  of  the  Sea  is  to 
the  Dutch, 

ItSy^r/eWis  the  moft  beautiful j  thebiggeft,  and  the  be/^  furnilRed 
in  aU  x:<Ar«;«)belng  about  two  miles  in circuic,  where  thf  ^^^^yskeep 
200  GallieSj  with  all  Materials  for  War.  j  ^  r  ;  . 

fits  Magazine  of  all  forts  of  Engines  and  Arms  for  Sea  and  Land^ 
among  which  are  xooo  Coats  of  Plates  gvrni/Ked  with  Gold,  and  co- 
vered with  Velvet. 

But  above  all,  its  Church  of  St.  Mark,  reported  to  be  the  iaireft 
and  richeft  in  all  the  World,  a  Church  of  admirable  Mofaick  Work , 
wi^h  Pillars  of  Merble,  Porphiry,  &c,  and  for  the  inllde  the  Riches 
ot  it  are  (b  great,  the  Images,  Tombs,  &c.  (b  glorious,  the  Altars  fo 
adorned  with  Gold^  Silver,  Pearls,  and  Precious  Stonei,  that  aii  th« 
^Veafury  of  the  State  may  fef^m'  to  be  amaffed  in  die  decking  of  it. 

In  this  City  are  200  particular  Palaces,  built  of  Mirble,  adonied 
wi^h  Columns,  StatueSi  Pictures,  &c.  of  great  value,  of  fuch  gran- 
deur, as  that  (hey  are  fit  tc  lodge,  and  give  entciC^tRrnent  to  any 
Prince  J  17  Rich  Hofpitals,  5:6  Tribunals,  orC  >urtsofJaliice,  67Pa- 
rilh  Churches,  26  Monafbsries  of  Nuns,  y4  Covents  of  Friers,  1 8  Chap- 
peis,  6  Free  Schools,and  its  Piazza's  fumpcuoufiy  adorn  jd  with  Statues, 
Paintings,  &c. 

As  for  wie  Religion  of  this  State,  though  they  tolerate  that  of  the 
Gttik  Church,  they  profefsthat  of  the  Church  cf  »Rcwf,  but  with  cau- 
tion and  refped  to  their  own  Aiithoiity. 

Of 


mmm 


c^  -,  Of    Vtmeh  ^ 

dt  their  Forces  Ibme  efthnate  may  be  made  by  the  Arms  (hey 
brought  againi^  Lewis  the  XUth,  where  they  had  itooo  hien  of  Arms, 
3000  Light  Horfe,  and  ijoooo  Foot,  moK  of  their  own  Sabje^s, 
without  any  detachments  from  their  Forts  or  Gariibns. 

And  a  fignal  Evidence  of  their  power  at  Sea,  was  their  great  F^et 
let  out  againft  the  Grand  Sigmtfr  tor  the  War  of  Cyprus,  Anno  i  yyo. 
in  which  they  manned  out  one  great  Gallion,  11  great  Gallies,  2  f  tall 
Ships,  and  150  GaUies  oflefleriize.  To  fum  up  all,  they  once  held 
A  War  lor  feven  years  togeiher  againft  all  the  Princes  of  Eur  ope, -e,xc&^t 
England 'y  in  all  which  time  they  neither  wanted  Men  nor  Money. 

We  may  conclude  therefore,  That  as  Europe  is  the  Head  of  the 
World,  and  Itah  the  Face  of  Europe ;  fo  Feniceis  the  Eye  of  Italy,  the 
faireft,  ftrongeft-  and  moft  adlive  par  in  that  powerful  Body. 

The  Annual  Revenues  of  this  Repulick,  according  to  Mr.  Rap 
information,  was  about  five  Millions,  and  300  and  20000  Venetian 
Duccats  yearly. 

Other  Cities  with  their  Territories  belonging  to  the  State  of  r*»/ff» 
are  thepleafant  Vicenz.a,  or  Vicentia ;  the  Healthy,  Populous,  and  Fruit- 
ful Brefcia,  Brixia.  The  i>rong  Forti  efles  Crema,  fix  miles  off  which  is 
the  famous  Cave  of  Cnftoza,  4000  foot  long,  and  5000  broad,  and 
thr-jemiks  in  circuit,  w'th  .Its  ftately  Temple  SanBa  Maria  deOaCruce, 
and  Bergamo,  The  pleafant  Phy fick-Univerfity  Padoua,  Padua,  the  Pa- 
taviumofxhs  Ancients,  built  by  ^w/ewr,  and  is  famous  for  the  Birth 
of  Livy,  Zaharelj  and  Maginus^  noted  for  the  Civility  of  the  Men,  and 
Chaftity  of  the  Women,  with  its  Garden  of  Simples.  Tarvijium,  Tre- 
vifi,  with  its  excellent  Wheat.  Verona,  with  its  Hill  Baldus,  famous 
for  Medicinal  Herbs.  The  Territory  of  Friuli,  where  is  the  well- 
fortified  ?alma,  Feltre,  and  BeUunc  The  Territory  of  Ifiria,  l(irie  Gall. 
Hjfiereicb  Germ,  where  is  TrieJ^j  or  Tergejlum,  Vetana;  now  Pedena,  be- 
longing to  the  Emperor.  CittaNova,  qt  <L^fnoniayParenz,o,Parentum,  . 
and  Vda.  Rovigo  once  belonging  to  the  Dukedoni  of  Ferrara,  with 
C/6;c^^w,  the  Bulwark  of  Tfw/cf. 

Belides  all  thefe,  the  State  of  Venice  commands  a  great  part  of  DaU 
mafia ,  with  the  Iflands  Corfu,  Cephalonia,  it'uuca,  Zan.^  Ctthera,  and 
others.  The  ifleof  St.  Maure,  and  theftrong  Prevefa,  were  in  the 
Year  168  f.  conquered  from  the  Turks ;  and  the  More."!. 

The  Biftioprick  of  Trent,  which  belongs  to  its  proper  Biftiopj  is  in 
the  Protedion  of  the  Houfe  of  Aufiria :  Its  chief  City  of  the  fame 
name.  Is  inhabited  by  Italians  and  Germans ,  and  is  famous  for  the 
Council  held  there.  But  of  this  we  have  treated  of  more  at  large  in 
the  Defcription  oiTirol  in  Germany. 

Of 


yjwMttiWa  n'WiiiiwnH»«!a£?i'"' "  ■.i*itawiifc.c.?rr?-";;aa<*'^ 


94^ 


':<>  % 


V 


,^    0/  ^i&^  JE/?/^^^/  of  the  Cburch  or  Po^e. 

TH  E  Second  part  of  Italy ,  according  to  our  Method,  contains  the 
Ef^ates  of  the  Cbuub,  o{Tufr:any.,  and  Lucca  i  The  Teritories  of 
i^c  Church  are  the  more  confiderable,  becaufe  the  Vope,  to  whom  they 
belong,  is  a  Spiritual  as  well  as  'x  Temporal  Prince,  Chief  and  Sove- 
reign Pontifex,  as  he  ftiles  himfelf,of  allC*6r|/Jc»//(?w :  Patriarch  of  Rome, 
and  of  the  fVefi  ;  Vrimate  and  Hexarcbof  ItaJjf,  Metropolitan  of  cheSuf- 
fragan-Blfhops  of  Rome,  and  BiCiop  of  St.  John  Laterati. 

The  chief  City  is  Rome,  formerly  the  Capital  City  of  the  moft  con- 
fideiable  Empire  in  the  World ;  Miftrifs  of  the  faireft  part  of  the  Uni- 
verfe :  Famous  for  her  great  men  that  excelled  in  Valour,  Juftice, 
and  Temperance.  The  Seat  of  Kings,ConfuIs,  and  Emperors ;  faid  to 
have  been  jo  miles  in  compafs,  and  her  Walls  fortified  with  7^0 
Towers.  But  now  not  having  the  Moiety  of  its  former  priftine  Splen- 
dor and  Magnitude,  fcarce  containing  11  miles  in  circuit;  yet  few 
Cities  can  compare  with  her;if  we  conffder  her  Antiquity,her  Churches, 
her  Palaces,  and  other  Curiofities.  Here  was  the  Capitoliaved  from 
the  F.ury  of  the  Gauls  by  the  Cackling  of  Gee(e.  It  was  twice  burnt, 
once  in  the  Civil  Wars  of  Manus  and  Sylla^Andi  in  the  Wars  of  Vej^a' 
Jian  and  Vitelliui.  Here  was  the  Temple  of  Janus  open  in  the  time  of 
War,  and  fhut  in  the  time  of  Peace,  which  happened  but  three  times 
during  all  their  M'narchy :  i.  In  the  time  of  Numa.  2.  After  the 
Tunick  War.  And  ;.  .•'  the  Reign  of  Augufiusy  when  our  Saviour 
waf  born.  Nor  muft  I  forget  the  Pcwre  MoHe,  a  mile  out  of  the  City, 
anciently  Vons  Mdvius^  where  Confiantine  was  (hewed  the  Crofs,  with 
thele  words,  U  hoc  Signo  Vmces.  This  City  is  feated  on  the  Banks  of 
the  Rivet  Tyber  f  foFmerly  upon  ten  Hills,  though  now  chiefly  in  "-he 
Campus  Martius. )  On  the  topof  the  Vatican  Hill  is  the  proud  Palace  of 
the  Vopesy  large  enough  to  entertain  three  Sovereign  Princes  at  once, 
and  their  Attendant^;  beautified  and  enriched  with  excellent  Paint- 
ings and  Curiofities,  with  the  Garden  Bckedere,  famous  for  its  rare 
Plants,  delightful  Walks,  and  curious  Statues.  On  this  Hill  is  the 
Church  of  St.  Veter^  the  moft  fplendid  and  famous  in  ail  Rome\  the 
moft  fumptuous,  ftarely,  and  magnificent  Strudure  in  the  World  ;  of 
that  Majeft4ck  bulk  and  greatnefs,  that  it  exceeds  in  alldimenfions  the 
moftfamous  Temples  of  the  Ancients;  in  length  yzo  Foot,  and  i,^<^ 
in  breadth  ;  adorned  with  Paintings,  Tombs,  and  other  choice  Re- 
liques.  My  Bounds  willnot  permit  to  rpi;ak  of  its  other  Chuiches,  Ho- 

-  '       fpitals, 


jtf-,.-^ 


MB 


■■ 


he 
of 
ey 


to 


Of  the  Eflates  of  the  Church  or  Pope.  249 

fpitalSjMonafterieSjConvents  ;of  its  Libraries,  as  the  Vatican^  the  Jefuits 
CW%e,8£C.The  Palaces  of  the  Cardinals  are  ftately  Strudures,and  rich- 
ly adorned  J  to  which  are  joined  pleafant  Gardens.    Here  are  feveral 
PM2i2i<i's,abundance  of  Antiquities  and  Statues,whichl  fhall  not  name; 
but  may  not  forget  the  Caftle  of  St.  AngelOf  which  for  its  ftrength,  is 
efteemed  impregnable,  unlefs  ftarved  ;  and  here  the  Pope  liveth  in 
more  State  than  any  Prince  in  Chriftendow.    The  chief  of  the  other  Ci- 
ties andTerritories  belonging  to  the  Eftates  of  the  Church,are  Bologna, 
(alias)  Bomnia;  famous  for  its  Study  of  the  Civil  Law,for  the  Pope's 
Palace,  or  retiring- place ;  Rich,  Populous,  and  well  inhabited  by  No- 
bility and  Gentry,  the  chief  Univerfity  in  Italj.  Ferrara,Ferrarea^  with 
its  Iron-Mines,  beautifully  built,adorned  with  many  Superb  Edifices; 
in  the  midft  of  it  is  a  fpacious  Market-place  into  which  do  open  about 
twenty  uniform  Streets.  And  Cowachh,  with  its  Eels.The  once  fair  Ha- 
ven Ravennayin  the  Province  of  Romandiola, whsn  Cajar  Augttfius  kept  his 
Navy  there  ;  famous  for  the  Seat  of  the  Emperor  Homrius,  and  Succef- 
forsof  the  Gothifh  Kings;  of  the  Exarchs^,  and  of  its  Patriarch;  now 
the  Haven  is  choaked  up,  and  its  land  covered  with  Water.   Cervia, 
invironed    with  Fens,  is  famous  for  its  great  quantityof  Salt ,  as 
Fienz,a  is  for  its  Eartlien  Ware.  Urhin,  Url^wm;^,  feated  at  the  bottom 
of  the  Appevine  Hills,  once  famous  for  a  fumptuous  Palace  ar  d  a  mod 
excellent  Library ;  as  alfo  for  Tolydore  Virgil^  the  Author  of  '.he  Hifto- 
ry  of  Evgland.  Rimini^  Ariminum  of  old,  the  taking  of  which  fo  fright- 
ed Pompey,  that  he  left  Roftte^    Other  Places  are  Fam,  the  Sea-Port- 
Town  to  Urlfin.  Semgaglia  jthc  Sem-Gallia  of  old  j  and  Pefaro,both  Ma- 
ritime Towns.    On  the  Banks  of  Mi  0,  of  old  Metaurusj  was  fought 
the  great  Battel  betwixt  Afdrubal  the  brother  of  HanmLal^and  the  two 
Confuls,  Ziviusand  Cl.  Neroy  where  ^65000  of  the  Cnrthagemam  were 
flain,  5:400  taken  Prifoners,  as  Livy  writeth. 

Ancona,  in  Marchia  Auconitanaj  or  Strato  MorcJn  del  Ancov/i,  the  befl; 
Haven  of  Italy  towards  the  Adriatkk  Sea  :  And  here  T  muft  not  for- 
get Loretto,  or  St.  Maria  Lattretaney  famous  for  the  Church  of  the  Wv- 
ginMary*^  a  ftately  Structure,  richly  adorned  with  Pr'jfents,  Offerings, 
and  Gifts  of  Princes,  Nobles,  &c.  whofe  Organs  and  other  Mufick 
makes  an  harmonious  Sound  to  thofe  that  gq  on  Pilgrimage  thither, 
either  for  Devotion,  or  Penance.  A/'coliis  the  Afculum^  near  which  w.is 
fought  the  fecond  Battel  between  t\\Q  Romans  and  Pynhus'^  it  was  alfo 
the  Seat  of  the  War  called  Bdlum^ociale.  Macerata  the  Seat  of  the  Go- 
vernours  of  this  Province;  Firmo  the  ftrong. 

Perugia,  or  Peru/ia  is  chief  of  the  Province  fo  called,  feated  on  the 
Banks  of  Tyhr  in  a  rich  and  fruitful  Soil ;  Here  it  was  that  Augu/ht 

K  k  belieged 


li 

filing 


^  J 


,f 


, «*"»•-•,.  i'-. 


IRK 


'ff- 


Of  thi  EfidUs  of  thtChmh  or  Pofe, 


i»^0 

befieged  L.  Antoniusy  and  Fuhia,  the  Wife  of  iW.  Antony  z  and  near  to 
this  City  is  the  Lake  Je  Perugia,  of  old  Thrafemeney  of  about  30  miles 
in  compafs ;  near  whofe  Banks  HannihaldGw  Flaminius,  and  i  yooo  of 
his  Romans.  Spoleto,  in  the  Dutchy  of  Umbr'tay  of  great  Antiquity  ,where 
are  yet  remaining  ftately  Aquaduds,  the  Temple  of  Concord,  and  the 
Ruins  of  a  fpacious  Theatre.  Here  is  alfo  the  high  Orvieto,  in  the  Pro- 
vince of  Orx;/>r/»,  featedon  a  high  Rock.  In  Terra  Sabina  are  Narni,  Ne- 
quino,  and  Terni,  In  Campania  Romana,  the  chief  places  befides  Rome  are 
Ardea,  now  ruined,  once  the  Seatof  7«r»«j  King  of  the  J?«f«/i,the 
Rival  and  Competitor  to  a/Eneas  ;  taken  by  Tarq,  Superbus,  the  refuge 
of  the  Romans  when  the  Gauls  had  taken  Rome  ;  as  is  a\{oAlba  Longa, 
once  the  Seat  of  the  Sylvian  Kings ;  after  the  Dae!  between  the  three 
Brethren  of  the  Horatii  and  Curatii,  it  was  ruined  by  Tullus  Hoftilius. 
Interamnaof  old,on  the  River  ASia,where  Brennus  with  KxsGauls  ovef 
camethe  Roman  Army  of  40000,  and  marched  to  Row;e,and  had  a- 
greed  for  1000  pound  weight  of  Gold  toforfake  the  City,  but  before 
the  payment  of  the  money,  they  were  vanquiflied  by  Camillus.  Alba  the 
Seat  of  the  SyhianYiAng%.  Paleftrina,  Vranefte,  of  old  the  refuge  oiMaritts 
againft  5yi7<»,who  killed  12000  of  the  Citizens  when  he  tooktheTown. 
Ofiia,  built  by  Anctts  Marcius,  leated  atthe  mouth  of  Tiber,  but  its  Ha- 
ven flopped  up ;  whofe  BiOiop  confecrates  the  Pope.  Lavinia,  fo  named 
from  La'^ji/ria  Daughter  to  Latinus  King  of  the  Laurent ini,  married  to 
\/£neas.  Trivoli,  Tibur  of  the  Ancients. 

Chief  Places  in  the  Patrimony  of  St.  Peter,  are  Feii  a  City  once  of 
great  ftrength,  wealth,  and  compafs.  In  the  affaulc  of  which,  ;o6oC 
Bie  Fabii  were  flain  in  one  day,  only  one  Child  left  at  home,  who  re- 
ftored  the  Family,  and  was  the  Anceftor  of  Fabius  Maximus,  the  Pre- 
ferveroi  Italy  agaln^  Hannibal:  After  a  Siege  often  years,  this  City  was 
taken  and  deftroyed  by  Furius  Camillus.  Civita  Veccbia,  a  Maritine  Town 
abounding  with  Allom;  here  are  kept  the  Popes  two  Gallies,  maintain- 
ed by  ; 0000  Duckets,  the  yearly  Tribute  of  40000  Curtezans.7Vrr<ici- 
na  is  the  ancient  Anxumtav  the  PromontoriumCirceium,  now  Monte  Cir- 
cello,  famous  for  the  dwelling  of  the  Enchantrefs  Circe.  Monte  Fiafcone^ 
where  is  the  fo  much  celebrated  Wine  near  the  Lake  Voljinii,  now  BoU 
fena.  Vtterbo  is  a  large  and  well-fcituate  Town,  where  is  the  Monument 
ofPopQjobn  21,  in  the  Domo»  Here  are  Sulphure-Wells^  and  hoc. 
Springs. 

Intermingled  with  the  Elhte  of  the  Church,  lies  the  Dutchy  of  C^r- 
firo,  wifh  the  Town  of  Ronciglione,  the  Countrey  of  Citta  di  CafteUo» 
Sfrafo  del  Duca  di  Parma,  whofe  chief  place  is  Cafiellana»   The  Sabatia, , 

now. 


^*t  ,"-i^ 


Ni...!    "  '  h    . 


now  ilDueato  di  Iiracciano,thQ  Title  of  the  Family  of  the  Vrjinesy  near 
the  Lake  fo  called.  And  laftly,  theRepublick  of  Marino,  a  little  Town 
on  the  top  of  a  high  Hill  or  Roc&.  The  whole  Territory  is  but  one 
Mountain  about  threemilesin  length,  and  about  ten  miles  round,  con- 
taining three  Villages  more,  and  eight  Corn-Mills,  and  twoPowder- 
Mills,  and  about  4  or  poo  Inhabitants,  of  fighting-men  about  lyco. 
It  hath  been  a  Free  State  or  Commonwealth  for  about  a  1000  years, 
as  the  Inhabitants  boafl:. 

Of  Tufcany,  La  Tofcana» 


m 


T 


use  ANT  comprehends  the  greater  part  of  the  Ancient  Hetru- 
or  Etruria,  and  is  a  Countrey  full  of  fpacious  Fields,  and 


na. 


fruitful  Valleys,  fwelledhere  and  therewith  pleafant  Mountains,  abun- 
vdantly  ftored  with  delicious  Wines,  and  other  BleffingsofNature:  Its 
Metropolis  is Florencey  FlorentiajOr  F/orinzala  i3el/a,  a  fair  and  flourifhing 
City  about  fix  miles  in  compafs ;  feated  in  a  fruitful  and  pleafant 
Plain  ;  the  River  Jrno  divides  it  into  two  p ^rts,  which  are  joyned  to- 
gether by  four  fair  Stone-Bridges :  Famous  for  the  Stately  and  Magni- 
ficent Palace  of  the  Great  Duke,  richly  adorned  :  and  for  the  largenels 
of  the  Building,  the  Architedure,  and  Ornaments  of  it,  as  alfo  for  the 
Gardens,  Fountains,  Statues,  Rarities,  in  the  Gallery,  in  the  Clofets, 
in  the  Armory,  and  in  the  Argenteria,  equalling,if  not  furpafling  moft 
Palaces  in<E»ro;>«.  The  Cathedral  or  DowoSt.  Maria  Florida,  is  alfo  one 
of  the  chief  Ornaments  of  it ;  as  alfo  the  New-Chappel  of  St.Lorenzo, 
faid  to  be  the  moft  rich  and  magnifick  Structure  in  the  World. 

The  fecond  City  is  Pifa,  once  a  rich,  populous,  and  flouriihirig  City 
when  a  Free  State  ;  now  poor,  and  muchdefolate;  feated  at  the  en- 
trance of  the  River  Arm  into  the  Sea,  recovered  to  the  Florentines  by 
the  Valour  of  Sir  John  Hawkwood,  an  Engltjhman,  now  much  eclipfed 
of  its  former  Riches  and  Power  :  Memorable  for  its  fair  AqttaduB  of 
about  po  Arches ;  its  Cathedralw'ith  Brazen  folding  Doors,  curioufly 
engraved  ;  and  its  Steeple  ibhuiky  that  on  all  fides  it  feems  crooked  at 
the  top,  ready  to  fall  on  the  Head  of  the  Spedator. 

Siena  ,  an  Inland  City,  feated  in  a  large,  pleafant,  and  fertileTerri- 
tory;  enriched  with  Mines  of  Silver,  and  (lore  of  Marble  ;  adorned 
with  beautiful  Buildings  ;  as  the  proud  Palace,  the  lofty  Tower  of 
Mangioy  its  Domo  built  of  black  and  white  Marble  j  parf  of  it  paved 
with  inlaid  Marble,  containing  part  of  the  Hiftory  of  the  Bible. 


N 


•    4 

I 


K  k  2 


I^gorn, 


gmjumaimK  n  tfjfjmg^fggm 


,.-.;i:.*V 


> 


,  Legom,  or  Livoma,  Partus  Liburnus  of  old>  a  fair  and  beautiful  Ctty^ 
accounted  the  ftrongeft,  and  one  of  the  principal  Towns  of  Trade  in 
the  Mediterranean  Sea,  and  the  Scale  of  the  Florentine  Dominions,  by 
whom  it  was  purchafed  of  thcGenoefes  for  120000  Duckets  j  now  the 
Refidence  of  many  Merchants  and  Strangers.  The  Haven  within  the  ' 
Mole  is  but  fmall,but  there  is  good  riding  for  Ships  without.  Here  the 
Wind  isEafterly  in  the  Forenoon,  and  Wefterly  in  the  Afternoon,  and 
after  Sun-fet,  no  Wind  (Hrring.  Ac  Pifioya  firft  began  the  Quarrels  of 
the  Ntri  and  Beanchiy  and  of  the  Guelfe  and  GibeUint. 

The  Commonwealth  of  Lucca  is  about  80  miles  in  compafs,  very 
fertile,  and  fo  well  Inhabited,  that  in  two  or  three  hours  time  it  can 
have  ready  50000  men  in  Arms.  The  chief  City  Lucca^  is  a  Free 
Town  rich  and  fplendid  ;  well  Fortified,  and  Adorned  with  many 
fair  Edifices,  and  ftately  Churches,  of  which  that  of  St.  Martin  is  the 
chief:  'Tis  feated  in  a  Plain  about  two  miles  in  Circuit.  It  bought  its 
Liberty  of  the  Emperor  Rodolphut,  and  hath  been  ever  fince  very  zea- 
lous to  preferve  fo  fair  a  purchafe.  It  was  the  Meeting-place  of  Pom- 
fey  Cafar,  and  CraJJus,  where  they  joined  into  a  Confederacy.  And 
here  the  Women  walk  the  ftreets  more  freely  than  in  other  Cities^of 
Italj.  The  publick  Revenue  is  thought  to  be  100000  Crowns  ^^r 
Annum,  Their  Olives  the  beft  in  Italy, 

Adjoining  to  Lucca^  are  the  Principality  o^Malefpine,  and  the  Princi- 
pality of  MaJJa,  containing  only  MaJJa  and  Carrara  ;  the  laft  is  often 
the  Refidence  of  the  Prince,  the  other  is  noted  for  its  white  Marble. 

The  Great  Duke  in  all  his  Dominions  is  fupreme  and  abfolute  Lord, 
and  impofes  what  Taxes  and  Gabels  he  pleafes ;  every  Houfe  pays  to 
him  the  Tenth  of  its  yearly  Rent.  No  Houfe  or  Land  fold,  butat  leaft 
one  tenth  part  goes  to  him.  No  Woman  married,  but  he  hath  8  per 
Cent,  of  her  Portion.  And  every  one  that  goes  to  Law,  pays  2  per  Cent. 
of  what  he  fues  for.' Every  Heifer  pays  a  Crown.  And  not  a  Basket  of 
Egg:  that  comes  to  Market  bu^  pays  fome  Toll.  Befides  the  Territo- 
ries of  Florence  and  Pifa^  called  the  old  State,  of  which  he  is  abfolute 
Soveraign,and  the  Territory  of  Siena,  called  the  new  Stare,  for  which 
he  is  Feudatory  of  the  King  o(  Spain:  He  is  alfo  poireffed  of  a  great 
part  of  the  Ifleof  Elba^  which  he  holds  oi  Spam :  part  of  Graffignana, 
bought  of  the  Marquefles  of  Af^/e/^iw.  The  Earldom  of  St.  F/or^:,  pur- 
chafed of  the  Strozzi,  The  Marquifate  of  .9.;>-^w(?.  And  the  Earldom 
o(  P it igliano  and  Saranp,  and  fome  other  fmall  places  for  which  he  is 
Feudatory  of  the  Emperor.  Radicofam  in  Tufcany,  and  Burgo  San  Se- 
fukhro  in  Umhriaj  for  which  he  is  Feudatory  to  the  Pope. 


■/■-'■  ' 


His 


^  "^t^ 


His  Citadels  and  Fortrefles  are  well  Fortified,  and  provided  with 
Ammunition  and  Viduals,  in  which  he  keeps  four  or  yooo  Soldiery  in 
conftant  pay.  He  isable  to  fend  into  the  Field  40000  Foot,  5000  Horfe. 
He  can  put  to  Sea  twelve  Galiies,'two  GalealTes,  and  twenty  Ships  of 
War.  ,v''  '._.,■  ^rir/,       .   ".   .  r  r  .^   ; , 

Intermingled  in  theTerritories  of  thsGreat  DnkejUrs  the  Principality 
of  Piombmo,  Noted  for  fome  Mines  of  Leadj.Forcified  with  a  ftrong 
Caftle,  in  the  Hands  of  the  Spaniards^  as  alio  fome  other  Ports  and 
Places  on  the  Sea,  viz,.  Telamm,  Remarkable  for  the  great  Battel  foughc 
near  unto  it  by  the  Romans  and  the  Gauls,  where  Attilus  was  flain,  buc 
the  Vidory  was  got  by  iy£milius^  with  the  flaughter  of  40000,  and 
1 0000  Prifoners  of  the  Enemies. 

E^at  deUi  Pre/iMj  OrhitellojPortus  Hcrcole,  and  Moute  Argent arfl^^iQiW 
fubjedt  to  the  Spaniards,  and  ftrongly  Garifoned  by  them. 

Of  Naflesy  or  Neapolitanum  Regnuniy  La- 
tin; Regno  di  Napoli^  IncoL 

TH  E  Third  part  oi  Italy  we  have  comprehended  under  the  King- 
dom  of  Naples,  of  large  extent,  and  very  Fertile ;  abounding 
with  Wines  and  Wheat,  and  famous  for  its  brave  Horfes :  Here  you 
may  fee  large  and  beautiful  Fields  over-fhaded  with  rich  Vines,  thick 
and  delightful  Woods  watered  with  fweet  Fountans,  wholefome 
Springs,  Medicinal  Waters,  Baths  of  divers  Virtues ;  enriched  with 
Mines  offeveral  Metals,  and  decked  with  fundry  Phyfical  Herbs :  Re- 
pleniihed  with  fair  and  beautiful  Cities  and  Towns. 

The  chief  City  is  I>Japles,  one  of  the  fai reft  in  Etirop/! ;  Seated  on  the 
Mediterranean  ftiore,  amongft  plealant  Hill5,  and  fruitful  Fields ;  Forti- 
fied with  four  brave  Caftles,  befidss  a  ftrong  Wall,  Ditches,  Towers, 
&c.  Enriched  and  Beautified  wich  many  fupofb  Strudures,and  magni- 
ficent Churches,  Monafteries,  Colleges,  P«\laces  of  Princes  and  No- 
bles, with  pleafant  and  delightful  Gardens  ;  a  commodious  and  fafe 
Port  and  Haven,  where  arc  kept  (lore  of  Gallies.  Here  was  the  Rebel- 
lion under  AJaJfanelfvy  and  in  this  City  the  Difeafe  Morhits  Gallicuswzst 
firft  known;  and  nigh  unto  it  ftands  the  Hill  A/owre  Gro^^?,  formerly 
Vejiivufs;  no  lefs  famous  now  for  its  Gra'ro  Wines,  than  of  old  For  its 
callingforth  fmoke  and  flames  of  fire.  Upon  the  very  top  is  a  great  Pit 
or  Hollow  in  form  of  an  Amphitheatre  of  about  a  mile  round.  Near 
to  v/hich  is  the  Grotta  di  Cane,  where  the  venomous  vapour  afcends 
not  above  a  Foot  from  the  Ground,      c,    .  ^  Other 


•\ 


t 


"BJgL'feSt 


:•^»!• 


^r^  Of  Nsples. 

Other  places  of  Note,  are  imporrant  Cajeta,  on  a  Capacious  Bay. 
Delicious  C4^tf4,  the  Pleafures  whereof  enervated  the  ViAorious  Arms 

.,  of  Harmibal.  JSfola  was  witnefs  of  Hannibal's  overthrow  by  Marcellits. 
Near  Cuma  was  the  Lake  Avernm  ,  with  its  unwholfome  and  Sulphu- 
reous ftink,  fo  infected  the  Air,  that  the  Birds  flying  over,  lofe  their 
Lives.  At  Puteoli,  now  Poz.x.t4oloy  was  the  Bridge  of  Ships  to  Baia  three 

■  miles  over,  made  by  Caligula  in  a  Bravado  to  awe  Neprune,  and  to  ex- 
ceed the  like  Afts  oi  Xerxes  and  Darius,  Mifenum  was  one  of  the  Stati- 

'  onsofjiugufims  Armada,  as  Ravenna  was  the  other  that  awed  the 
whole  Roman  Empire,  and  the  Burial-place  ofi  Mtfenm  the  Companion 
of  t/£neasj  tefie  Firg.  ^^  ..^        .         /  •  ■ 

Baia,  famous  for  Antiquities,  viz.  the  Sweating  Vault,  or  Bagne  dt 
7r//o//,  and  Afwfff</e  Ctfwrtf,  raifed  by  an  Earthquake. 

And  here  was  vSneas\  Defcent  into  Hell,  Fabled  by  the  Poets ;  and 
the  Cave  or  Grot  of  one  of  the  Sybills.  The  Grot  or  Hole  through 
Mount  PattJtlypftSj  about  a  mile  in  length,  and  12  Foot  high,  and  broad 
enough  for  two  Carts  to  pafs  one  another.  Jmalfe,  where  was  invent- 
ed the  Mariner's  Compals  Anno  i-^oo.  by  Flavio.  The  Phyfick-School 
Salerno,  Nero*s  100  Churches  under  Giound  in  the  Ro^ks,  and  his 
admirable  Fifh-pond  within  the  Earth,  within  a  mile  of  the  Sea  ;  in 
,  the  Cathedral  is  the  Monument  of  Hildebrand,  or  Vo^e^Gregory  the  jtL 
The  Sea-fliore  folecaftryy  once  Buxentum.  The  well-traded  Mart 
'  Lanciam,  four  miles  from  the  Adriatick.  Teate,  now  Viti  di  Chieii^kven 
miles  from  the  Sea.  5«/wo,  OW's  Birth-place.  The  Lakes  ejtnaund 
Varanus,  memorable  for  Eels;  and  for  that  draining  cannot  diminiHi 
them,  nor  floods  encreafe  them.  Locris  is  famous  for  the  Law-maker 
Zakucusjan6  for  the  Victory  ofCunomus  an  eiccellent  Mufician,  upon 
Arifionus  of  Rbegium,  of  the  fame  profeffio'n.  Ga/Jipoli,  affording  abun- 
dance of  OyJ.  Manfredonia  an  Archbi(hop's  See,  with  its  Capacious 
Harbour  and  Impregnable  Caftle^  Populous  St.  Severine,  the  Rich 
u  , Soiled  Barri.  The  high,  fteep,  and  full  of  cragged  Rocks,  Angela, 
ol.  Garganus  Mons,  a  place  Defenfible  by  Nature,  and  Strong  by  Art. 
The  Important  Haven-Town  Bereukm,  now  Berletta.  The  poor 
Village  Canna,  near  the  Banks  of  Aufidus,  now  Lafanto,  once  me- 
morable for  the  great  Defeat  that  Hannibal  gave  to  the  Romans,  of 
whofe  Army  he  flew  42700  in  one  place. 

Rich  Leccff,    The  Choaked  Haven  Brindifl.  The  Capacious  Port 
/  OtrontOf  Hdruntum  of  old,  taken  by  Mahomet  the  Great,  Amio  148 1. 

The 


■  .•*  S", 


'  ''•'.■ 


.*.;,. 


mmm 


Of    Ndples:  a51 

Hie  once  well  fortifiodMR^MKm,  «ow  Rajmo.  Old  Tarentum,  where    - 
lived  Arcb/tas,  fo  famous  for  his  Flying  Dove.    The  Ancient  Cofentia, 
now  Cozenza,  on  feven  "Hills ;  feared  between  two  Rivers,  of  which 
the  one  turneth  Hair  red,  and  Silk  white;   the  other  Hair  and  Silk 
black.    St.  Eufbenie,  where  Rofes  grow  thrice  a  Year.  And  Defolate 


:.J  ^■ 


To  conclude;  here  are  in  this  Kingdom  Twenty  Archbilhops,  One 
hundred  twenty  feven  Bifhops,  Thirteen  Princes,  Twenty  feven  DukeSj 
Twenty  four  Marqueffes,  and  Ninety  Earls.  v    % 

The  Fourth  General  p^rt  of  Italy^  we  faid  ,  might  comprehendi  J 
the  Iflands  oiSicilj/,  Sardinia,  Corfica,  &Q| 


i. 


J^ 


T-  t 


-  \ 


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Of 


Briil1BKMMf*»iii«iilliWllliiliilrtiii  iiiliii|i|iiii  >i    mill    in     ijn    j.i    I <  i  w  ii    ii  »i 


■A 


OF  all  the  Iflands  in  the  Mediterranean-Sea,  Siciljf  is  the  moft 
Eminent,  both  for  its  Repute  and  Bignefs :  It  was  once,  if 


j-i 


we  may  credit  the  Ancients,  joined  to  the  Contimnt,  parted 
by  an  Inundation  of  the  Sicilian  Sea  from  Italy ;  now  divided 
by  a  fmall  Channel  a  mile  and  half  broad,  between  Me(fma  and  Regio, 
called  the  Far^  or  ?bare  of  Mejfma\  once  terrible  from  the  frightful 

.  .     •     u.  -  Names 


;^ 


Of  Sitily.  .  V  fj7 

Names  of  ^cyUa  and  Cbarj/bJis  5  the  firfl:  a  Rock,  towards  the  North 
in  Italy  ;  the  other  a  Gulph,  or  Whirlpool,  on  Sicify-fidQ,  which  gave 
the  occafion  of  the  Proverb,  Inciilit  in  Scyllam  cupiens  vitare  Charyb- 
dim  J  now  not  fo  dangerous  or  aifi  ightful  to  the  skilful  Pilot. 

It  had  its  name  from  the  Siculiit  a  People  of  Italy ;  before  that,  it 
was  called  Sicaniay  from  King  Sicanus,  who  came  thither  before  the 
Trojan  War,  with  a  great  number  of  Ibertans.  By  the  Greeks,  called 
Trinacr'ta^  by  the  L<i^wj,  Tr/fw^/r^,  from  its  three  Promontories.  It 
is  placed  under  fo  favourable  an  Afpedt  of  the  Heavens,  and  fo  rich 
a  Soil,  that  the  Mountains  themfelves,  even  to  the  tops  thereof,  are 
found  fruitful. 

The  People  that  now  inhabit  it,  are  ingenious,  eloquent,  and  full 
of  talk ,  prone  to  revenge ,  fubtle ,  envious ,  and  flatterers ,  va- 
liant, and  greedy  of  Honour,  not  much  addidted  to  Traffick  or  La- 
bour. 

This  Ifland  was  famous  for  ^^fchylus^  the  firfl  Tmgedian  of  Fame ; 
Diodorus  SicultHj  theHiftorian;  Ewpeifocles,  the  firft  Inventer  of  Rhe- 
torick  ;  Euclid,  the  famous  Geometrician;  /irchimedesy  the  Mathema- 
tician, who  made  a  Sphere  of  that  art  and  bignefs,  that  one  ftanding 
within,  might  fee  the  feveral  motions  of  every  Orb.        -'  '• 

The  chieT  Places  are,  i.  Mefftna,  of  great  ftrengrh,  as  well  by  Na- 
ture as  Art ;  ftrongly  walled,  fortified  with  Bulwai  ks  ,  a  ftrong  Ci- 
tadel, and  a  commodious  Haven ;  beautified  with  fair  and  ftacely 
Buildings ;  the  chiefeft  place  of  Traffick  in  the  whole  Irtand  ;  we  I 
frequented  with  Gentry,  Citizens  and  Strangers,  who  live  in  great 
delight  and  pleafure.  It  lately,  in  a  Rebellion,  was  under  the  Com-' 
mand  of  the  Frmch  j  but  they  abandoning  it,  'tis  now  returned  to  the 
Spanijli  Government,  who  have  four  Cafiies,  and  the  City  as  many 
in  their  Command.  The  City  Gates  fland  open  all  night,  for  any  to 
go  in  or  out.  The  Government  is  by  fix  Jurors,  foar  of  the  Genti  y, 
and  two  of  the  Citizens. 

Its  other  places  of  note,  are  Sy>\'jcrf0i,  once  tlie  Metropolis  of  t!  e 
whole  Ifland;  th;;grtate(^  and  good. ie!t  Cicyof  thet'.'rcvii ;  of  a  ftrong 
firuation,  and  excellent  profped  :  The  Ruins  and  Foundations  of  it 
do  f^ill  demonflrate  its  priftine  Grandeur.  N^'o.  a  City  which  here- 
tofore contended  with  Syracuje  for  grearncTs ;  fciruate  on  a  very  high 
Rock,  unacceflible  on  all  fides, "but  by  one  narrow  pafiTage. 

The  fair  and  capacious  Harbour  Pnjjhri,  the  never- fortified  Haven 

Angtifia.     The  Navel  of  the  Ifland,  Cali-ro  Giovanni,  with  its  Mines  cf 

Salt,     Lcontim^  with  its  Lake,  the  Filhing  wiierenf  \=>  yearly  worth 

,  18000,  fome  fay  jooooo  Crowns.    The  Midland  Town  Enna,  v;here 

Ci  .       ■  LI  Vluto 


lulMin 


^^^ 


'«,- 


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■^IP' 


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8 


Of  SUilf. 


Vlttto  is  faid  to  have  ravifh'd  Vroferpine,  Fanormus,  now  Palermo,  fci-  s 
tuate  on  the  Weft  Cape  of  the  Ifland,  beautified  with  large  Streets, 
delicate  Buildings,  ftrong  Walls,  and  magnificent  Temples,  with  its 
Artificial  Haven,  forced  out  by  a  mighty  Pierre ,  a  Work  of  vaft  ex- 
pencp;  an  Archbifhop's  See,  an  Univerfity,  and  Competitor  for  Trade 
with  MfJJina.  The  Port  Trapani,  was  the  Drepanum  of  old ,  affords 
the  beft  Seamen. 

The  Ruined  £rtx,  near  Mont  St.  Julian,  the  Seat  of  King  Aceftts, 
who  fo  kindly  entertained  t/£neasy  and  his  wandring  Trojatiu  The  An- 
l  cient  Catana,  the  ftrong  taormina^  TauromeMum,  near  where  the  C/- 
clops  dwelt ;  near  M(laz,z,o  was  Sextus  Vomfeim  defeated  by  Augufius, 
Gtrgantiy  the  Agrigentum  &  AygeuK  of  old,  is  famous  for  the  Tyrant 
^  Thaiarisy  and  the  brazen  Bull  of  Pertllus.  * 

The  chief  Hills  in  this  Ifle,  are  lAont  HybUy  famous  for  its  Bees  and 
Honey  ;  and  Mount  t/£tna,  for  its  once  continually  fending  forth 
Fl<«mes  of  Firej  the  Flames  now  commonly  not  being  fo  great  and 
vifible  as  formerly  ;  but  the  extraordinary  Eruptions  and  Conflagra- 
tions, when  they  happen,  are  ftill  as  terrible  and  amazing,  as  ruinous 
and  deftruAive  to  the  Countrey. 

The  Ancient  9y£gatbes,  at  the  Weft  end  of  Sicily^  are  famous  for 
the  Defeat  of  CatuUm  by  the  Carthaginians  in  the  fiirft  Tunic  War. 

Sardinia  y  Sardegna  Ital.  Zerdegna  Hifp.  Strab.  &  Sic.^Sardon  Hefy. 
Sandaliotis  Flat.  Ichnufa  Plin,  once  a  Carthaginian  Colony ;  the  next 
Ifland  to  Sicily  for  greatnefs  in  the  Mediterranean,  where  the  Earth  is 
more  benign  than  the  Heavens  ;  the  length  about  45'  German  miles, 
the  breadth  about  26.  Its  chief  Places  are,  Calaris  Plin.  CaraUis  Ptol. 
now  Cagliari,  the  Seat  of  the  Vice-Roy  ;  a  good  Haven,  and  well 
frequented.  Here  is  the  Beaft  called  Mufoli,  of  whofe  skin  is  made 
the  right  Cordovant  Leather.  Here  is  alfo  the  Herb,  from  whence 
comes  the  Proverb,  Rifus  Sardonicus. 

Corjica  was  firft .called  Therafne,  afterwards  Cyrnm  ;  in  length  about 
50  German  miles,  the  breadth  about  20.  It  was  firft  inhabited  by  the 
Tufci,  afterwards  by  the  Carthagimans,  then  by  the  Romans^  then  by 
the  Saracens,  and  now  by  the  Genouans.  The  moftconfiderable  Places 
now,  are  AMaz,z.er,  Calui,  Bomfaci  and  Bajfia  :  Of  old,  Aler/a  and 
Mari.iva  were  the  moft  noted. 

Tiie  chief  of  the  Ligarjan  or  Tufan  Iflands,  are  Elba,  Jim  Plin.  Ptol, 
Mda.  jt/£rhalia  Sirab.  about  40  miles  compafs ;  famous  for  its  two 
Ports,  Porto  Longone,  and  Porto  Fcrraro ;  the  firft  belongs  to  the  Spa- 
niards, the  other  to  the  Duke  of  Florence  j  other  Iflands  are,  Gorgona, 
Caprata,  Monte  Chrijio,  Giglio,  &C.  '  V  , 

.,_   L^    .         -  ■■   ^  '•     ^       '    The 


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OfSUily,  ,  ^c  .   ^'^^9 

The  nies  of  Naphs  are  18  in  number,  the -chief  of  wtiichi  are  the 

Impregnable  Jfchia^  ty£naria  Plin,  The  Acjlum  of  Ferdinand  King  of 
NafltSi  in  the  time  o^  Charles  t\\t\lllt\i  of  France.  2.  froebita.  3.  C4- 
pria,  the  Retirement  of  Auguflus  and  Ttberius, 

<t/£oUa  or  Vulcania  &  Liparara  InfuU,  &  Hepbajtiadet  Gracit,  now 

'  -'^   the  Ifles  of  Uparl^  are  about  12  in  number;  two  of  them,  viz,.  Strom- 

Ir    bolt  and  Vukam,  do  ftill  burn  and  flame,  and  are  famous  for  the  Fa- 

•     ble  of  t/£olusy  and  for  the  firft  Naval  Vi(5tory  of  the  Ancient  1^0- 

mans, 

^:  '       The  Iflands  in  the  ^<^ri<f/ici&  Sea,  are  1/0/4  i/«  Tremtfi,  formerly  D/0- 

nndea  hJuU,  fo  called  from  Diomedes,  King  of  vStoli^r,  who  after  the 


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(^  Sclavcnia;  iy  ri&<?  Germans  or  Dutch 


Writers,  Wikdishlandt, 


it 


SClavonia,  VEfclavoma  Gallis,  Scblavonia  Italis :  According  to  the 
Latin  Authors,  it  did  contain  Wiricum  Hodiernum,  viz.  Dalmatia, 
Croatia,  Bofnia,  &  Sclavonia  fropria ,-  But  now,  as  it  is  properly  taken, 
lying  betwren  the  Dravits  and  Savusy  it  is  part  of  the  Kingdom  of 
/Jii«^^7,  and  contains  the  Countries  of  Sermierf,  Vakowar,  Pcfega,  Wf. 

radifjy 


W^.' 


_. 


^'m^m'tF^(mm!^m 


■1F«" 


}.-v  i  a? 


*^ 


Santt 


nut*- 

r 


:flW.^'!>i- 


■J 


i} 


: 


Axx 

A.yttjt, 


W 


^. 


J, 


Of  Cro$Hd.. 


^6t 

raditiy  and  Zegrahia :  A  Country  more  fit  for  grazing  of  Cattel,  than 
for  Tillage  (Tor  the  Sheep  bring  forth  twice  a  Year,  and  are  (horn 
four  times  i)  Its  chief  Commodities  are  Horfes  for  fervice.  Oxen, 
and  other  wild  Bead:,  which  yields  them  abundance  of  Hides,  Tallow, 
Butrer,  Cheefe  and  Wool ;  as  alfo  Wine  and  Oyl,  with  fome  Veins 
of  Gold  and  Silver.  Its  chief  Places  are,  Pofega^  or  Segovitz.a,  a  Place 
of  great  (trength ;  and  GraMska,  Gradifcba,  Graciatia  of  old,  under 
the  Tyranny  and  Bondage  of  the  Turkijh  Garifons.  Zagrabia,  Sifopd, 
Vtol,  iefte  Moi,  Agram,  Warafd'm,  Variana  aliis  Varafdium,  te^e  Laz,to 
VarianaCafira  in  Libro  Nofitia,  belonging  to  the  Houfe  of  Aufiria\  and 
Copranitz  or  Caprancaa,  sl  fair  and  ftrorg  Place,  under  the  Power  of 
the  Venetian.  Sirmifcb  Germ.  Sereim  Huytg.  Sinnium  of  old,  Valcouvar, 
Valcum  Ant,  Veltx,,  SimUro.  Firovitza,  the  Key  and  Entrance  into  Scla^ 
venia,  Ann.  1684.  capitulated,  and  600  Jamz,artes  marched  out,  and 
left  it  to  the  Imperialifts,  after  113  years  polTeflion. 

TheCaftle  of  Butcbin  and  TValf9,  furrendred  to  Count  Dunewaldtm 
Sept,  1687.  Ejjeck  was  allbdeferted  by  the  Turks,  where  were  found 
52  pieces  of  Cannon,  4  Mortarpieces,  and  a  vaft  quantity  of  Ammu- 
nition and  ProviHon.  ^offega.  fcituated  about  4  Miles  from  the  Save, 
was  alfo  at  the  fame  time  abandoned,  and  left  by  the  Turks,  and  ga- 
rifoned  by  Count  Dnnewaldt. 

Of  Croatia,  or  Crabaten.  ; 

CRoatta,  By  this  generaj  Name  v  ere  all  the  more  Inland  parti  of 
Sclavofiia ,  calleJ.  The  rcafon  of  the  Name  we  find  not ;  it 
was  brought  hither  nrft  by  the  Sclaves.  It  is  a  Country,  for  the  moft 
part,  cold  and  Mountainous,  yet  reafonably  fruitful,  with  all  necelfary 
Provifions  for  the  life  of  man  ;  were  it  not  for  the  Ci>t^i  effion  and 
Neighbourhood  cf  the  Turks,  to  whofe  Injury  it  is  continually  expo- 
fed  :  Its  chief  PUces  are,  i.  Siffig^  famous  for  the  notable  Refiftance 
which  the  Turks  there  found,  Anno  1^9?.  fi.  Wihitx,,  once  the  Me- 
tropolis of  the  Countrey  ;  ftrongly  fortified  by  Nature  and  Art,  but 
taken  by  ihQTitrksy  Anno  1^91.  But  the  chief  Place  in  Cro«jf//i  be- 
longing to  the  Emperor,  is  now  Carelftat,  the  Refidence  of  the  Go- 
vernor or  Vice- Roy,  Count  Herberfiein,  Anno  168^. 

This  Country  contained  anciently  the  more  Inland  pprt  of  Ly- 
httrnia^ 


»»). 


OF 


'- 


'  \ 


•\    -i- 


iplp 


i6% 


Of  Bofftiaf  Dalmafia^  Sec. 


.^s 


h\ 


a 


G   ^>< 


BOj'nia  It  alts,  Bofn'ta  Gallhf  Boffen  Germ,  was  anciently  accounted  A 
part  of  Croatia ;  by  Ptol.  part  of  lHyricum  ;  by  Cluver  p.trt  of  Pano- 
nta.  To  me  it  feems  to  contain  the  more  Inland  part  of  the  Dalmatia 
of  P7/M.  and  Ptol.  and  together  with  it,  it  was  united  to  Hungary,  un- 
der the  Homage  whereot  it  was  eredled  into  a  Kingdom,  but  of  a  (Kort 
continuance ;  for  in  the  Year  1464.  Mahomet  the  Great  furprized 
and  took  it,  and  converted  it  to  a  Province  of  the  Turkifij  Empire. 
The  Places  of  nioft  importance  therein,  artjaicza  or  Jazyge,  ior  its 
Scituaiion  on  a  Rocky  Precipice,  an  unfordable  River  Plenay  and  an 
inaccdTible  Caftle,  accounted  Impregnable.  2.  Bofna  Serajum,  Bqfna 
Strat,  the  Metropolis  and  chief  of  the  Country.  3 .  Bunialucum  &  Vam* 
iwluchaj  forniefly  Banjaluch,  the  Refjdence  of  the  Bo/nian  Kings.  Na- 
med thus  from  the  River  Bofna,  or  from  the  River  Btffi,  a  People  of  the 
Lower  Majia^  expulfed  thence  by  the  Bulgarians,  and  fleeing  hither. 
'Tis  now  a  Turkijh  Province,  commanded  by  a  BaJJa,  and  contains  the 
Dutchy  of  St.  Sabba,  now  HtrtZjegovina,  tefi^  Luae.      •    ■   .    .        -    ./ 

Of  Dalmatia^  lUiricum  Folib.  lUiris  Ptol. 

lUiria  Stefb. 

THIS  Province  was  by  the  Ancients  divided  into  Lthmia  on  the 
Weft,  and  Dalmatia  on  the  Eaft,  now  vulgo  Scbtovonia,  te(te  Baud, 
It  lies  along  on  the  Sea  Goaft  of  the  Adriattck  Sea,  and  is  now  poiTef- 
fed  by  the  Venetians  and  the  lurks :  The  chief  places  polTelTed  by  the 
Venetians,  SLVcSpalato,  Spalatum  dim  Epetium,  now  Zarnovia,  or  Zarnou' 
fiiza,teHe  Lucio,  a  Maritime  Town,  and  the  Emporium  of  the  Venttians ; 
feated  in  a  moft  pleafant  Vallt^  in  a  Pentnfula,  joined  to  the  firm  Land 
of  Dalmatia  by  an  Whmus  of  about  a  mile  over,  and  is  guarded  by  a  pro- 
digious Precipice  of  Mountains  to  the  firm  Land,  through  which  it  hath 
only  one  PaUage,  which  is  defended  by  a  Fort  built  upon  a  Rock,  jult 
in  the  Entrance,  with  an  open  Port,  but  unfecure  Bay  for  great  Ships. 
Cltjja,  fuppofed  to  be  the  Jndretium  of  Strabo,  and  A*tdcrium  o^  Ptol. 
is  a  ftrong  Fort  more  by  Nature  than  Art,  fcituated  upon  a  Rock, 
which  ftands  juft  in  the  middle  of  the  Paflage  between  the  Mountains, 
whic*:  is  fo  narrow,  that  not  a  Man  or  Horfe  can  pafs  by  without  the 

Licsnf* 


to 


f^^r 


■i'-i 


IPWP 


ppp 


•    '  0/  Ddlmafia,  6cc,  16} 

Licenfeof  their  Caftle.  It  is  now  in  the  pofTeflion  of  the  yenetians,  ta- 
ken from  the  Turks,  1647.  under  the  Conduct  of  theSignior  FeJ'colo; 
it  is  about  8  miles  North  of  Spalato,  and  4  from  Sakna, 

In    1 647.  Obraoz^za,  Carim,  Ortijfina^  Velino ,  Nadtno,  Urana,  Two 
and  Salomj  were  fubdued  toi  the  Venetian  Arms  by  the  profperous  Suc- 
cefs  of  Fofcolo.  And  Sehemco  befieged  by  Mabowet  Tedlij  who  was  forced   , 
to  raife  the  Siege  with  the  lofs  and  (laughter  of  many  of  his  Soldiers. 
Zegna,  the'Senia  of  the  Ancients. 

Zara,  the  Jadera  of  Ptolomy ;  ftrongly  fortified,  and  well  mann'd ; 
of  a  commodious  Scituation,  almoft  encompaffed  with  the  Sea,  only 
the  Eaft-end  joined  to  thefirm  Land  j  now  very  ftrong,  being  fecured 
by  divers  Redoubts,  and  4  Royal  Baliions,  and  a  new  Line  of  Forti- 
fications, which  makes  it  the  moft  confiderable  and  ftrongeft  Place  in 
all  Dalmatia. 

Sebenico  is  a  ftrong  Fortrefs,  feated  on  a  rifing  Hill,  whofe  fpacious 
Port  is  fecured  by  the  Fort  of  St.  NicQlas,  and  the  Hills,  by  a  Citadel, 
and  the  new  Works  of  St.  ychn.  Salona,  a  Roman  Colony,  and  the 
ordinary  Arfenal  for  their  Navies,*  well  known  in  Ancient  Stories 
for  the  Retreat  of  Dioclt/ian,  and  ihe  Garden  of  his  Retirement,  after 
..e  had  renounced  the  Empire. 

Tr^u,  Tragurium  of  Strabo  and  Plin.  is  fcituated  between  the  firm 
Land,  and  a  little  Ifland  Bua  joined  to  the  Land  by  a  Stone-bridge, 
and  to  the  Ifland  by  a  Wooden  Bridge;  it  is, about  18  or  20  miles 
Weft  from  Sfalato. 

Leffifia  is  the  Ifle  which  Ftol.  calls  Fharia,  Strabo  Pharas,  very  high. 
Rocky  and  Mountainous,  reckoned  about  100  miles  in  compafs;  ac 
the  South-end  is  a  good  Haven,  where  is  the  Town,  having  a  Citadel 
on  the  top  of  a  fteep  Rock.  The  place  is  noted  for  theFifiiing-Trade 
of  Sadelity  vvhicii  are  like -.47;fW/f^;  100  miles  from  Zara^  30  miles 
South  from  Spalato^  and  50  miles  North  from  LiJJe. 

Almijfa,  the  Peguntium  of  Ptolomy,  or  Pigantia\  feated  on  a  high 
Rock,  and  defended  with  a  ftrong  Caftle,  now  belonging  to^  the  7«rA/, 
tcfie  B'!ud. 

Ca(ile  Novo,a.  ftrong  Fortrefs  within  the  Gulph  of  Cat  arc,  taken  by  the 
Vemtian^  underthe  Conduct  of  General  Cenaro,  1687.  Cataro,  Jfcr'tv'ium 
Vim.  Alcri'Vicn  Vtol.  a  Strong-hold  alfo  or  the  Venetians  SigsKn^  the  Turks. 
But  Mr.  IVheekr  faith,  'tis  the  firft  Town  belonging  to  the  Turks. 

Budua,  the  Butua  of  Ptol.  is  thelaft  place  of  the  Venetian:  on  the  D.d- 
matian  Shores.  Places  more  belonging  to  the  Turks,  are  Narctjza,  Dul- 
rt?«Cj  or  Ulcimum  of  old,  a  City  of  indiiierenc  good  Trade,  wliere 
ihe  Iravks  have  a  Conful  j  containing  about  7  or  8oqo  Inhabitants. 

Satdari. 


T 


il 


-i^- 


fiPlii  !.iiai«ji»  1 


.    a^4 


Of  Ri^ufa. 


i 


Scudariy  the  5co<Jr4  of  Old ;  ftrongly  feated  on  a  ft^ep  Rock,  Memo- 
Table  for  the  years  ftoat  Refiftance  which  it  made  againft  Mahomet  the 
Second ;  but  taken  Anno  1 978.  by  the  lurh.  And  y4/e/?<7,  the  L//7i«  of 
Old ;  the  fartheft  Town  of  all  Dalmatian  where  Soanderbsg  was  buried. 

Of  the  Commonn>ealth  of  Raguia.     : 

THIS  is  a  fmall  Commonwealth,  whofe  Town  and  Territories 
are  in  Dalmatia  ,  upon  the  Gulph  of  Fenice ,  and  which  pays 
annually  to  the  Turk  ^ooo<ty^lavres,  as  being  environed  by  the  Terri- 
tories under  his  Jurifdi^tion,  and  not  able  to  fubfift  without  the 
Grand  Signm\  Idve.    It  makes  feme  Acknowledgment  alfo  to  the 
Fenettansy  as  Mafters  of  the  Gulph.     It  keeps  good  Correfpondence 
alfo  with  the  Princes  of  Jf^^/r;  and  endeavours  to  preferve  themfelves 
under  the  Protection  of  the  King  of  S^ain^  to  vyhom  it  pays  Tri- 
bute in  the  Perfon  of  the  Viceroy  of  Sicily.     The  Gentlemen  mud 
marry  Ladiei,  if  they  defire  tj  be  accounted  Nobles  of /J<sr|f«/<i.  Con- 
trary to  the  Cuftom  of  other  Nations,  they  count  the  Age  of  men 
from  the  Conception,  and  not  from  the  day  of  their  Birth.  The  Re- 
venue of  the  Republick  is  about  ^coooo  Livres.    The  Inhabitants 
addid  themfelves  altogether  to  Trade.     In  the  year  1667.  a  great 
Misfortune  befel  the  City ,  it  being  almoft  all  fwailowed  up  by  an 
Earthquake.    Their  Principal  Port  is  that  of  the  Holy  Crofs,  Santo 
Cruccy  about  nine  Miles  from  the  Ciry.    The  cnief  Governor  is  cal- 
led the  Redor ;  but  his  Government  lafts  but  one  Month.  The  Citi- 
zens change  every  day  the  Governor  of  their  Caftle :  Neither  do  they 
let  him  enter  into  his  Command  but  in  the    Night,  and  then  they 
blind  his  Eyes.     T^e  Turks  have  a  kindnefs  for  the  Rjgufansy  becaufe 
they  pay   ^heir  Tribute  exadly,  and  becaufe  they  have,  by  their 
means  all  the  Commodities  of  Europe  whicii  they  (land  in  need  of. 
They  give  them  thofe  Privileges  which  they  grant  to  no  other  Chri- 
ftian;  for  they  permit  them   to  buy  Provifions  in  their  Dominions: 
For  theCountrey  about  R*4gu(a  is  fo  barren,  full  of  Rocks  and  Stones, 
that  if  it   brings  forth  any  thing,  'tis  by  means  of  the  Earth  which 
they  fetch  from  other  parts.    The  Town  is  well  built ,  and  forrilicd 
with  Walls,  and  a  Cattle  ;  a  noted  Emporyj  and  of  a  good  Trade  ; 
the  Efifhurus  of  old. 

I.  Sabioneera  is  a  Town  feated  on  a  long  flip  of  Land  (^oppcfite  to 
Curz,olt)  belonging  to  the  Republick  oi  Raguja^  where  are  many  de- 
lightful and  fruitful  Gardens. 

2.  Santa 


■   I 

■  \ 


Of  Rdgitfs.  ««^ 

i,  SdmaCreet,  the  Entrance  good,  thePort  Urge,  deep,  and  fecure,    ,   V; 
i  beingtvcry  way  Land  locked  by  Mountains  round  it,  covered  with   v    ••^'  ^ 

•  Vineyards,  Gardens  and  Houfesof  Pleafure  of  the  Ragufiantk  ■    ,  "  '1; 
4    3.  Budoa  y  the  Buluaof  Ptol,  ":i  the  laft  place  of  the  ^(fwfww  on  the. .  >  /.**  aj; 

Dalmatian  ttiorps.   Butua  o£  Plin.  Bnthot  Stepb.     A,^l,'^-/'l''''^-y\^'^-]^'y^-^:i''-'--- 
!       4.  The  Gulphof  LoJrin  was  anciently  the  Gulph  of  Anoloniay  wfiert  li:j|j 
1 ,  Ctefar  nirrowly  efcaped  with  his  Life  and  Fleet.,  *Tis  a  tlangerous  paf-       -   -  • 
'  iage,  about  i  yo  miles  over. 
I       Curx,ola  by  StraboyCorcyra  Nigra ,  once  belonging  to  the  Republiqua  ' .  ,<  J/'^ 

•  of  ii<»j»^«/«,but  taken  from  them  by  theP^i'wfww^  by  a  cunning  Exchange,   v,'     ' 
The  Town  is  of  the  fame  Wame,  and  feated  upon  a  Peninmla,  is  a  Bi- 
ihop's  Seat,  and  Walled ;  beddes  which  there  is  about  five  Villages. 

Along  the  Coaft  of  Dalmatia  lies  a  great  clufter  oflfladds,  Z)«/>rdMfci 
;  cba  Tunis y  Liburmdes  Infula  by  Strab.  the  Names  of  the  chief  y  oil  witt 
find  in  the  Maps,  moft  of  them  belonging  to  the  Venetians^  which  are 
j  Ciid  to  contain  40000  Inhabitants. 


>f 


A\ 


J 


«' 


V 


;  'i. 


•«■   c 


•^■.>^ 


— s  *  .    . 


■C 


.J- 


M  m 


SERHA,  or  ^Ztrvia,  as  (ofne  c.iil  it,  contains  part  of  Maijia  Superior, 
and  partofD^/»V(j//<jof  oldj  it  had  once  Kings  of  its  own,  now  ex- 
tind  It  vvasonceunder  the  Uungarhn  K\r\g%  \  now  wholly  poflelTed 
b.y  the  Turks.  It  is  now  divided  into  Maritine  and  Midland  ^eww,  ff/c 
Joj^uLticio.Sovia  Miritima  '  Chulmia,  now  Herzegovina,  QXiendcth 
towards  Dnimatia  and  AlbiWta.  Serzia  Miditerranea  is  divided  into  two 
parts,  x/i.  Rujiia  M^d  htfu.  It  is  a  fruitful  and  pleafant  Countrey  ; 
confining  of  Plains,  Wuuds,  and  Hills,  not  without  ftout  Men, good 
Horfes,  Wincf.,  andconvenieiu  Riveri.  Once  well  ftored  with  Mines 
of  Gold  and  Silver,  but  thofc  now  decayed,  or  loft,  and  the  People 
grofb  and  ludc,  addicted  to  Winv^and  falls  in  tlieir  Promifes.  Its 


thi 


into 
froi) 

md. 
JDr. 


Of  ServU.  t'6'-j 

Its  chief  places  are,  Belgrade^  once  the  Bulwark  of  Chriftendom> 
bravely  refifting  the  Power  of  Amurab  the  Second,  and  Mahomet  the 
Great,  repulfed  by  the  Valour  of  Hmmiafles ;  at  which  time  Mahomet 
himfelf  was  wounded  in  the  Breaft,  loft  his  Ordnance,  and  200  of  his 
Ships,  deftroyed  by  a  Fleet  which  came  from  Ruda  j  but  taken  by  So- 
lyman  ijio.  Seated  ihe  is  upon  the  confluence  of  the  Darube  and  the 
Savtis,  having  the  great  Rivers  Tihtfcus,  the  Dravu:,  and  Morava  run- 
ning into  the  Danube  not  far  from  it;  as  brave  a  fcituation  for  Trade, 
as  any  Inland  place  in  Europe.  It  is  now  adorned  wich  two  large  Bez.e' 
fieemsy  or  places  where  the  Richeil  Commodities  are  Sold  ;  with  a  No- 
ble Caravatifara  and  Mofchea,  with  a  Mettrefcck  or  College  fcr  btudents. 

Zenderin^Singdunum  Ant,  Semendera  Lat.  Siwedto  Grac.  taken  by  A- 
murab  the  Second,  1438. 

Scopia.  Scupi  Ptol.  by  the  Tu>kj  caWedUfchopia^  aGity  of  greatTrade, 
Seated  in  the  remoteft  part  of  Servia,  or  Mcs^n  SHptrior,  or  rather  on 
the  Confines  of  Macedonia.  It  is  afair  and  large  Town,  having  a  great 
Number  bf  Mofcbeas  j  once  a  Bishop's,  after  sn  Archbiftiop's  See^  now 
noted  for  a  great  many  Tanners^  that  make  excellent  Leather.        '^:'. 

Great  A<ftons  have  been  hereabouts  performed  in  the  times  of  the 
Romans,  efpecially  by  Regiliianus.  Hereabouts  alfo  ftood  Parcecopola, and 
Uipianum  of  old. 

Jagodna  is  pleafantly  fcated  in  a  fair  Cnnntrey,  halfway  from  Ftehna 
to  Confl-antimple, 

Halli  Jahijar  is  a  confiderable  place,  where  there  is  a  Church  with 
two  fair  Towers. 

Lefoa,  or  Lefcovia,  feated  upon  the  remarkable  River  Lyperitza^  the 
Maneder  of  Moefia, 

The  Hills  between  Servia  and  Macedonia,  area  part  of  Mount  Ha>musy 
of  which  the  M,  ChJJura,  one  of  the  Spurs  or  Excurfions,  Ihines  like 
♦  Silver,  confifting  i  Muicovia  Gh^ .  .  , 

Urania  is  a  fti'ong  Pdfsj  which  the  Caftle  commandeth,  and  locks  up 
the  palT.ge  into  Macedonu, 

The  chief  Rivers  of  Servia  are,  i.  Morava,  Mo^chim  of  old  ;  is  divi- 
ded into  two  Streams,  the  one  named  Moravi  di  Bulgaria,  the  other 
Moravi  di  Servia,  which  uniting,  run  into  the  Danube  at  Ze?iderin ;  fo 
that  by  this  River  the  Commodities  of  Servia  and  Bulgaria  arc  carried 
into  the  Dmube,  and  fo  difpcrfed  in  Hinigaria,  Aufhia,  8ic.  Not  far 
from  which  was  that  great  Slaughter  of  the  Turks  by  Humiades,  who 
with  loooo  Horfe  fet  upon  the  Turkfli  Camp  by  Moon-light,  flew 
;  jooojand  took  4000  Prifoners.  And  2.  Remarkable  Lypmfzi.^,  which 
Dr.  Browfi  faith,that  in  lefs  than  twelve  hours  they  pafl>dit  ^0  times> 

M  m  2  Of 


?      <i 


*!;•=• 


•■•      I". 


'.H- 


-'.■%:■ 


t  J*"  ^..H^.^iii 


x68r 


♦ 


Of  Bulgaria. 


BULGARIA  is  a  Countrey  generally  full  of  Woods  and  t)e(arts, 
the  moft  unpleafant  and  unpeopled  of  all  the  Dacian  Provinces ; 
but  the  lower  parts  not  without  fome  Plains  and  Valleys. 
The  Inhabitants  of  a  Natural  fiercenefs,  yet  patient  of  Toyl  and 

Labour. 

Its  chief  places  are,  Sophia  Trocop,  Sofia  It  alts  ^  Sophie  Gallis,  the  Tthifca 
of  Ptol.  tefie  Ntjr.  &  Mol.  the  Seat  of  a  Begkrbeg^  under  whom  are  21 
Sangiacs ;  feated  in  a  long  and  fruitful  Valley  three  miles  diftant  from 
a  high  Mountain,  covered  with  Snow  all  the  year.  It  is  Beautified  with 
many  fair  Hanes  and  Baths^  a  ftately  College,  and  fair  Mofques. 

Axiopoltf)  Gabcz  tefie  Laz..  Flotz.  Marc.  &  Celanarnick,  Baud,  on  the 
Banks  of  the  Danavf,  which  fiom  this  Town  begins  to  take  the  Name 
oilfter.  Mefembriay  fcituate  on  the  Euxire,  Mtrcianopolts^  much  menti- 
oned in  the  ftories  of  the  Goths^  for  the  Fights  and  Battels  they  had 
there  with  the  Emperor  Claudius.  Nicopolit,  by  the  Turks  Sciltaro,  tefie 
Ltunc.  &  Nipboliy  memorable  for  the  Founder  of  it,  the  Emperor  Tra- 
jan ;  more  for  the  many  great  Battels  fought  near  unto  it,  whereof 
one  was  by  Sigifmund  the  Emperor,  and  King  of  Hungary^  who  with 
an  Army  of  130000  Chriftians  befieged  it,  and  Bajazet  came  to  the 
Relief  of  it,  got  the  Vtdory,  with  the  lofs  of  above  fixty  thoufand 
Turks,  killed  20000  Chriftians,  and  moft  of  the  reft  took  Prifoners.The 
Second  between  Michael,  Vaivod  oiValachia,  and  Mahomet  the  Third, 
over  whom  Michael  got  a  Remarkable  Vidory.  Varna,  the  Oyonifipolis 
of  the  Ancients,  on  the  Euxine  Sei ;  RemarkAble  for  the  firft  flight  of 
Hunniades,  and  the  Death  of  Uladifiaus  King  of  Hungary ^  1444.  Siltftria, 
the  Ordinary  Abode  of  a  Turkifis  BaJJ'a.  Temova,  the  ufual  Refidence  of 
the  Princes  of  Bulgaria.  Budtna. once  o(  great  Importance*  but  burnt  to 
the  Ground  by  Hunniades,  not  far  from  the  Old  City  Oefcus  Trihallorunt, 
Acridus,   the  Birth-place  of  Juftinian ;    by  the  Turks  called  GiuflandiL 
Tomi,  or  Tomos,  to  which  Ovid  was  Baniflied;  fome  fay  'tis  at  this  day 
called  Tmifwar;  others  would  have  it  to  be  Kiovia.  D'mogetia  Ptol  Di- 
nogutia  &  Dmignltia  Ant.  Denigti  ex  Tab.  recens,  Dt  mago  Nigro.  Callatia, 
Callacis  Ant,  Calatis  Strab.  d^  Plin.  Kilia  Laz,,  vu'g    Bialcgrvd.  Calliacra^ 
Laonico.  Pandalla  Nig.  Ifirofolis  Plw.   &  Ptol.  Iftroj  Strab.  tifria  Arriano, 
Stravico  Cafial.  Grojj'ea  Nig.  &  Proflaviza  Baud,  much  fubjedl  to  the  ir- 
THgtions  ot  the  Vobrufian  Tartars. 


Of 


wmmmmmmm^mmmm^ 


GREECE,  once  the  moft  celebrated  part  of  the  Worl(3/in  the  ■ 
prefent  Latitude  and  Extent  thereof,hath  for  its  Ealkrn  Bounds' 
tYiQ  sy£gcanSQ!L,thQ  Hellefpont,   PropontjSy  a.nd   the  Tiiracian    Bofphortis: 
For  its  Southern,  the  Crettan  and  the  Ionian  Sea;  on  the  Well,  the 
Mriatick  Sea  J  and  on  the  North,  only  Uilited  to  the  lelt  of  £«re/f.by  > 
the  Mountain  Hismn'* 


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tjo  Of  Greece* 

Confined  aeBrft  to  j4ttieaf  and  the  parts  adjoining,  only  then  cal- 
led Helles,  from  King  Helien,  the  Son  of  Deucalion;  the  Inhabitants 
Heleties  in  ^cred  Writ :  and  Greedy  from  King  Gr<e<:«i,  the  Son  of  Ce- 
cropsy  the  fifft'King  of  J'ri6«»ifc6mmunicated  afterwards  to  Tbejjalyyio 
Veloponnefusy  thefj  to  £fir«/,  and  laftly  to  the  Macedonian  Empire. 
'^  The  firft  Inhabitants  of  Grw«  did  live  each  under  their  proper  Ma- 
giftrates  in  fevcral  Cities,  until  Tbilip  King  of  Macedonia,  clearing  his 
own  Couritrey  of  the  l^w-ww,  fubdued  Acbaia,  Thracia^  and  a  great 
part  of  Peloponnefus.  And  fucceeded  by  Alexander  his  Son,  who  retained 
his  Father's  Conquefls,  and  vaMui/hing  Darius  the  great  King  of  Ter- 
fia,  and  other  Kings  of  India^  founded  the  Grecian  Monarchy,  but  in 
the  height  of  his  Sacceflesdiedjbeing  Poyfoned  at  Bahylon.  Afterwards 
the  Romans  became  Makers  of  it ;  and  after  that  the  Goths  and  Huns 
did  rather  Harrefs  than  Inhabit  it.Laltly,  thz  Saracensy  nowthe7«ry^/, 
and  the  Victorious  K(?werw»,  fliare  it  under  their  Obedience. 

Hence  it  is  that  Greece  hath  loft  \%i  former  Divifion  of  Countries,and 
their  Names,  and  received  new ;  that  which  was  particularly  called 
Greece,  is  now  called  Livadia  ;  Velopennefusy  Morea ;  Thejfalyy  Janna  ; 
Epirusy  Canina  ;  Macedonia  is  divided  into  four  parts;  that  next  Janna 
is  called  Camenalitariy  that  which  borders  upon  Dalmatia  is  called  Alba- 
ma  ;  cliat  next  to  Tbracey  is  named  Jamboly ;  and  the  midft  of  the  Coun-  . 
trey  retains  its  old  Name  Macedonia.  Laftly,  Tbracia  is  now  called 
Romania, 

The  Grecian yOncQ  a  Nation  in  matters  of  Government  Famous, 
in  Arms  Glorious,  in  Arts  Admirable  ;  addidedto  the  love  of  Vir-r  / 
tue.  Civil  of  Behaviour,  afFeders  of  Liberty,  and  every  way^'Noble  ; 
only  in  their  Commonwealth  Principles,  and  Civil  Diflentions  un- 
happy. But  now  under  the  Tttrkifj  Yoke,  their  Spirits  are  low,  their 
Knowledge  is  Ignorance,  their  Liberty  contented  Slavery  j  their  Yir-. 
tues  Vices,  their  Induftry  Idlenefs ;  They  are  generally  of  good  Pro- 
portion,and  of  a  fwarthy  Complexion  :  Their  Women  very  well  fa- 
voured, brown,  and  exceffive  Amorous :  In  Habit  and  Garb  both 
Sexes  generally  follow  thofe  under  whom  they  live. 

Their  Primitive  Language  needs  no  Commendation,  being  well 
known  for  its  lofty  found.  Elegancy,  and  fignificant  Expreffions,  ge- 
nuine Suavity,  and  happy  Compofition  of  words  j  Excellent  for  Phi- 
lolbphy  and  the  Liberal  Arts,  but  more  txccllent  for  that  fo  great  a 
part  of  the  Oracles  of  our  Salvation  i&  delivered  therein  ;  but  now 
not  only  the  Natural  Elegance  is  !oft,  but  the  L^.nguage  almoft  de- 
voured by  the  Livgua  Franca^  Twk/IJ}j  and  Sckvoiiia^t  Tongues.    : 


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'  The  Chriftian  Religion  Was  here  firft  Planted  by  St.  VauJ,  who  went 
into  Macedonia,  pading  thence  to  TheJJ^iloniea,  from  thence  to  Athens^ 
and  thence  to  Corinth^  watering  the  greateft  part  of  Greece  with  the 
Dew  of  Heaven :  But  now  confidering  theTyranny  of  the  Turks  on  the 
one  fide,  and  the  Temptations  of  Preferment  on  the  other,  *tis  almolt  a 
wonder  there  (hould  be  any  Chriftianity  left  amongft  them  ;  yet  the 
Gates  of  Hell  cannot  prevail  againft  this  affliifted  Church  ;  for  its  mem- 
bers are  endued  with  a  Divine  Humility  ,Patience,andConftancy;  their 
Priefts  are  reverenced,  the  Articles  of  Faith  and  Rules  of  a  Holy  Life 
preferved ;  their  Fafts  and  Feafts  obferved  ;  the  power  of  the  Keys 
Exercifed,  and  the  Judicature  of  the  Church  preferred  before  that  of 
the  Divan.  As  to  thii  material  Points  of  their  Religion,  I  (hall  refer  to 
theDefcription  of  my  5m/»r«r<?-A/^/)i.  '    .  ;  .. 

'  This  Countrey  hath  formerly  been  Famous  for  Miltiades,  Ari(i\deiy 
and  Themfiocki  of  Athens ;  Lyjander  and  Agejilaus  of  Sparta ;  Pelopidas 
and  Efamimndas  of  Tbebes ;  Aratas  and  Philoparweut  of  Acbaia  ;  Vyrrhus 
o(  Epirusj  Vbilipoi Macedon,  Alexander  the  great,braveCommanclers.For 
Plato,  Socrates,  Ari/lole,  D'mnc  Philofophers :  For  Demofthenes,  Ifocrates, 
t/£fcbines.  Eloquent  Orators.  Hefod,  Homer, Uq.  Excellent  Poets ;  Solon 
and  Lycurgus,  Eminent  Law-givers.  Xenophon,  Tbuciades,  Platarcb,  He- 
rodotus, famous  Hiftoriographers  J  with  feveral  other  Authors  and 
Promoters  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  too  tedious  to  relate.  But  to  proceed 
to  the  Provinces. 

The  Inhabitants  of  Greece  were  of  old  divided  into  three  forts,  viz, 
the  lones,  the  more  famous  whereof  were  the  Athenians.  The  Dores,  the 
nioft  renowned  of  whom  were  the  Lacedemonians;  and  the  <iAEoles,who 
fent  Colonies  into  AJia,  near  to  Vhocaa.  By  the  ancient  Writers  called 
Achei,  Acbiai,  Argivi,  Danai,  Dolopes,  Dores,  Driopes,  Hellenes,  lones,  MyV' 
midones,  and  Pelafgi, 

The  Province  oiRomania,or  Romeka,  is  the  Ancient  Thrace,  by  5'/^- 
fbanus.  Aria ;  by  fome  Scythia ;  by  Jofephus,  Thyras  from  Thiras  theJ 
Son  of  Japhit ;  by  the  Turks  now  called  Romdi:  A  Countrey  neither  of 
a  Rich  Soil,  nnr  pleafant  Air,  yet  well  Inhabited.  But  the  chief  Glory 
of  this  Province,  ind  of  all  the  Ottoman  Empire,  is  the  Renowned 
CAty  Conftantimile,  ir<imerly  called  X^^wj,  ByzjamiumyZnA  Nova  Roma^ 
now  by  the  Greiks  Iifi'.m^oh,  and  by  the  Turks  Stawhl;  feated  in  the 
Latitude  of  40  D.^v'.  i'<5«  Infliape  Triangular,  commanding  the  Pro- 
pontis,^Boiphoros,  AnfXEuxme  Seas;  Seated  on  a  Haven  fodeep  and  Ca- 
pacious, that  the  Turks,  for  its  Excellency,  call  ic  the  ?orto{  the  world. 
At  this  day  the  chief  Buildings  are  the  Turks  Seraglio,  and  the  Temple 
or  Mofque  of  St.  Sophia,  for  13eauty  and  Workmanlhip  exceeding  ad- 
miiabl^  to  behold.  The 


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The  Seritglh  is  a  vaft  place,  inclofed  and  divided  from  the  reft  of  the 
^  City  with  a  Wall  three  miles  in  compafej  wherein  are  ftately  Groves 
of  Cyprcfles,  intermixed  with  delightml  Gardens,  Artificial  Fountains, 
and  all  varieties  of  Pleafurcs  which  Luxury  can  effect,  or  Treafure  pro- 
cure. The  principal  Beauty  of  the  City  is  the  Scituation  Of  it  on  the 
Mountains ;  Crowned  with  Magnificent  Molques  with  gilded  Spires, 
refle^ing  the  Sun-beams  with  a  marvellous  fplendor. 

Other  Cities  of  this  Provinc^'are  AnJriampplift  or  HadrUmpolts  Ptol. 
formerly  Orefi-a  Lampridio.  Ujcudavay  feu  Ufcudama  Ammiano,  Andemop(h 
U ,  &  Tunis  Endren,  tefle  Busb.  a  fair  large  and  Well-compofed  City,  ' 
with  fair  and  ftately  Mofques,  efpeclally  one  built  by  Sultan  Solyman  the 
Second,  a  very  Magnificent  Structure. 

Galltpoli,  formerly  Callipolis  ,  feated  near  the  HeJiefpont  within  the 
Sea  of  Marmora,  the  firft  City  that  ever  the  Turks  poiTefted  in  Europe, 
'  furprized  by  Solyman,  Anno  i  ?  f  8. 

Below  Gallipoli  is  the  ftraiteft  paffage  of  the  Heliefpont,  formerly  fa- 
vtnous  for  Xerxes's  Bridge,  but  efpecially  for  the  two  Caftles,  5e#o/ and 
Abidosy  noted  for  the  Story  of  Hero  and  Leander,  now  called  the  Dar* 
dantUes,  orOldCaftles,  the  new  Caftles  being  at  the  mouth.ofthe 
HeUefpontf  and  are  the  Bulwark  of  Confiantmople,  as  the  Caftles  on  the 
Thracian  Bofpborus  are  on  the  other  fide.  Galata  or  Pera,\s  oppofite  to 
<lonfiantmopk,  where  live  all  the  Foreign  AmbaiTadors,  Refidents  and 
Envoys.  Belgrade  is  12  or  if  miles  Northwards,  where  are  the  Sun- 
mer-Houfes  of  the  Nobility,  and  the  coftly  Aquadu(5ls  that  fupply  Con- 
fiantinople. 

St.  Stephanoes  is  inhabited  moft  by  Chriftians.  At  Great  Scl^ecmajhe 
are  the  Seraglio's  of  the  Nobility.  Selimbria  hath  Mofques,  a  Baz,ar 
and  Greeck  Churches.  Heraclea  Leunc,  Heraclia  Soph,  Penntbus  Vlin.  df 
Ptol.  its  Harbour  makes  it  a  Peninfula  of  four  miles  in  compafs ;  now 
an  Archbifliop's  See,  and  its  Church  the  beft  in  Turkj :  Noted  alfo  of 
old  for  the  PaUcqs  of  Fefiatianj  Domitian  and  Antonwus,  Emperors  of 
Rome ;  as  alfo  for  its  Amphitheatre  cut  out  of  one  entire  Marble. 

Rodefe,  Redaflum  Plin.  Bifantbe  VtolRodoJio  Sopbi,  30  miles  from 
Heraclia,  feated  on  the  fide  of  an  Hill,  at  the  bottom  of  a  Bay,  peopled 
with  about  ijooo  Inhabitants,  Chriftians,  Twr/^j  and  j^es^i ;  much 
frequented,  but  of  little  Trade. 

Myriopbyton  by  the  Greeks,  Murflon  by  the  Turks,  it  hath  about  200 
Houfes,  about  five  miles  from  Rodef-o. 

Abdera,  now  Afperofa,  was  the  birth-place  of  Laughing  Democritus, 

n^nos,  now  Enio  &  Eno  Grec.  Tgnos  Turcis,  a  Town  of  great  ftrength 
and  fafety,  therefore  aa  honourable  Prifon.  LyfimachM,  once  of  great 

Irapor- ' 


^^m^mt 


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^ 


Importance,  now  Hexintily,  faid  to  be  built  out  of  the  Ruins  oiVhiUi- 
foliy  from  fbtUf  the  Father  of  Alexander. 

CarJia,  Cardiofolis  VtoL  wai.  the  Birth-place  of  Etimenes,  a  Currier's 
Son,  but  a  famous  Warrier,  Qua  Stefh,  &  Pauf.  eadem  Lyjimacbia  & 
Hexantillo.     Caridia,  tefte  Soph. 

The  Province  or  Kingdom  of  Macedonia^  was  fo  called  from  King 
Mactdoy  Son  oiO/tru,  Others  fay  it  had  its  name  from  a  Son  of  Ju- 
piter and  Ttya ;  or  as  Solinrts  fays  from  Macedoj  a  Son  or  Grandchild 
of  Ducalion,  called  alfo  tydEmathia  Vlin.'&  Peonia,  fy^monia  Livio.  For* 
merly  it  contained  feveral  Provinces,  (the  Names  wkhereof  are  in  my. 
Sheet-Mapof  Grffcf  J  and  'tis  faid  was  Inhabited  by  lyo  feveral  Na- 
tions. By  the  Ancients  it  was  divided  into  four  Principal  parts,  viz. 
Prima  J  Secunda,  Tertia,  Quarta,  Thjft  towards  the  Weft,  or  the 
Fourth  part,  is  now  called  Albania.  That  part  toward  the  N.  E.  firft 
and  fecond  part,  is  called  Jamboli.  That  in  the  middle  retains  ^^^e 
NimQoi  Macedonia  Propria.  That  towards  the  South  is  called  Cotntno- 
litari,  containing  part  of  Macedonia  Tertian  an3  fome  part  of  Tbejfalta. 

The  chief  Towns  of  Albania,  or  Pars  Occidentalis  Macedonia,  are, 

I.  Dyracbium  CaC.  Cic  Ptol.  &c.  &  Epidamnus  Thucyd.Plin.&c. 
Darazzo  d^Drazzl  Turcis,  once  memorable  for  the  Valour  of  Scavo, 
who  alone  fo  longrefilted  Pompe/s  Army,  that  he  had  220  Darts  ftick- 
ing  in  his  Shield,  yet  was  C^/^r  foiled.  It  was  taken  by  Bajazet  from 
the  Venetians,  Anno  i499« 

"2.  Inacceflible  and  Impregnable  Crwrf,  thought  by  fome  to  be  the 
Epicaria  of  Ptol.  George  C a/Hot,  or  Scanderbeg,  took  it  by  a  wile ;  but 
Amuratb  the  Fourth  loft  his  Life  before  it.  The  Antigonia  of  Ptol.  tefte 
Soph.  &  Lazzio. 

3.  AulonoiPlirt.&  Ptol.  now  r<»/o«4  fcituate  over-againft  Otranta 
in  Italy  ,  and  about  60  miles  diftant,  30  miles  from  Valona,  Land- 
wards cifeth  a  Fountain  of  Pitch  mentioned  by  the  Ancients,  with 
which  mixing  Tar,  they  Careen  fliips.  Deferted  and  demoUIhed  by 
the  Feneteans,'  1691. 

4.  Apolonia  Liv.  &  Ptol.  PoUina,  Piergo,  &  SoJJopoli,  tefte  Baud,  (feres 
Nigro,  a  Town  of  great  note  in  the  times  of  the  Romans,  and  the  Key 
of  Greece,  memorable  for  the  Study  of  Auguftus  Cajar, 

'  5".  Sfeftigrade,  or  Veftig  ade,  the  Spetia  of  Laonic.  Turcis  Sucrige  tefte 
Leund.  Oxypyrgium  Greets,  tcfle  Soph,  one  of  the  laft  Towns  taken  by 
Scanderbeg,  as  Dibra  was  the  firft. 

The  Rock  or  Ifland  Safmo,  fix  miles  from  Vahna,  houndeth  the 
Gulf  of /Wr««o;  Drilo,  Strab.  Ptol.&  Plin.  Drinax  Ntgro,  Dnno  aliis.Le 
Golphe  de  Drin  Gallis.  Golpho  Delia  Drino  Italis.     Nor  far  from  this  Ifland 

N  n  N.  E. 


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N.  E.  are  the  Falls  of  Vifcaria,  the  Fifli  they  pickle ,  the  Roes  they 
fait  and  dry  in  the  Sun,  and  fo  make  Botago, 

Other  places  are  Jlhampolij  40  miles  from  Duraz.z.o,  and  3  f  from 
\Aliffio  in  Dalmatia,  Eladafagni  the  Daulia  of  P/<?/.  re/?«  Mol.  Locrida  ; 
Lychnidm  Liv.  Diod-  &  Ttol.  Lychvid'ion  Tolyb.  Lychmttus  tlerod.  c^  Stefk* 
A  Lake,  and  Archbiftioprick  of  Macedonia  y J  ufiiniana  Primafthtn/ichrj' 
dm  t'Ochrida,  Turcis  GiufiandU. 

Chief  Towns  in  JamboU  were,  i.  Stagira  Vlitt.  Sfepb,  Diod.  Stantira 
Ttol.  i\it  Country  o^Arifiotle,  tefie  Laertio,  now  Liia  Nova.  tefieSopb,  or 
Macra  tefie  Nicatoo  ' 

2.  VaUene  Vlin.  fhkgra  Herod,  Vatalene  Ttol  Tataknts  Mol.  Catiijlro 
St>ph,Tarcho3  or  Taffo  Nardo.  Sacred  to  the  Mufes. 

3.  Amfbipolis  Herod,  Thucyd.  &crNeafoUs  Ant,  Ckrijlofoli  Sofb,  Em- 
holt  Turcis, 

s.  CavaJla,  Oefima  Thucyd.  &  Ttol.  the  Cahjla  Ttol,  Cavyla  Cedreno 
tefis  Leonol  (^  Bucepbala  tefie  Brietio. 

y.  ConteJJ'ay  which  gi^es  its  name  to  the  Gulf,  Golfo  di  Contefa  Ca- 
fialdo.  Golfo  di  Monte  Santo,  Soph,  i\\Q  Stryntonicus  Sinus  of  Ttol. 

6.  Tbejfalonicay  now  Salonicbi  Soph,  to  whofe  Inhabitants  St.  Taul 
writ  his  Epiftles ;  very  populous' of  Chriftians,  Turks  and  Jews,  and 
of  great  Commerce,  feated  at  the  bottom  of  the  Gulph  Salonicbi.  The 
Sinus  Thermam,  or  rather  Thermaicus  of  Strah,  &  Ttol.  diftant  from 
Conflantinople  about  320  miles,  and  from  Duraz,z^  !^:>out  2 go  miles. 

7.  Siderocapfa  the  Cbryfites  of  Liv.  tefie  BeSo,  &  Scydra  Ttol.  famous 
for  its  Mines  of  Gold  and  Silver,  fo  advantageous  to  the  Turk,  as  the 
report  exceeds  belief. 

8.  Mount  Atbos  of  Liv.  &  Strah,  Acroathon,  or  Acrotbon  Tlin.  & 
Mela.  Acrffthoon  Herod.  Atbos  %lcron.  a  Gracis  dyiSv  og^f,  now  Cima  di 
Monte  San6lo.  San^.  Laure,  &  Agios  Laura,  Monafiir  h  Turcis  &  Seidi- 
dag  tefie  Leun^.  Inhabited  from  the  beginning  of  Chriftianity  with 
Hermits,  afterwards  with  Monks  according  to  the  Order  of  St.  Bafil, 
It  (lands  in  a  Peninfula  very  fruitful,  being  160  miles  ^bout,  where 
they  have  20  Monafleries,  and  about  600  Kaloiis,  They  pay  looo 
Dollars  a  month,  and  have  fafe  protedion.  The  Town  Kareis  is  in 
the  middle  of  the  Mount,  where  there  is  Turkijh  Aga,  and  a  Marker. 
Their  Churches  and  Furniture  are  excceeding  rich,  and  all  are  daily 
employed  according  10  their  feveral  degrees  and  qualifications. 

Tor  one  of  Plin.  &  Mel.  a  Tor  one  f Ha  Neptuni  tefie  Steph.Lango  Sopb.  Ca- 
file  RampOy  Nardo  &  Pine  to.  Rainero  vel  Reiner  0  Ntgro.  Agiomana,  or  Aio-^ 
r»ana  Cajleldo  j  from  hence  Toronaicus  Sinus,  now  Golfo  di  Agiomcna,  or 
Atomana  €afi,  Golfo  di  Ramfo  vel  Ram  fa  Nardo. 

Towns 


-JiSu. 


mmmmmummm^mmmm 


or 


OfQrm^, 


m 


9  Towns  in  Macedonia  properly  fo  called^  and  in  Comemlitariy  are, 
*  I.  Veia  of  Strab.  Vlin.  Ptol.  &C.  Jenix^a,  or  Janizza  Soph,  Zucbria 
Nip-o,  the  Birth-place  of  Alexander,  /*■>/.:;  C^ 

2.  Vitdna  of  Ptol.  Steph.  &c.  Cbitro  Soph,  taken  by  Cajfandefj  the  So» 
of  Antipater,  who  murthere^  Oljmpias  the  Mother,  Roxana  the  Wife, 
and  Hercules  the  Heir  apparent  to  Alexander  the  Great. 

5.  Berrha,  or  Berraa  pfPlin  Strab,  Ptol.  &c.  Flrw  5o;'j&.  JBaw  Twrrw 
r«/tf  Lirww^.  where  St.  P<i«/  and  Silas  preached. 

4.  .<4</fj^<i  Ptol.  Edejfa  Liv.  &Polyb,  &z/Egaa  aliis.  Fodena  Mol,  Soph, 
&'  aliis,  r!        *    1! 

5".  Ancarijlus  Ptol.  Fofianza  tefte  Theveto  aliis  Erifo.  ' ';" 

6.  Tyrijfa  Ptol.  Ctrefei  Mercator^Ditiorigriza  d>*  Xerolibado aliis, 

7.  Sro^i  of  ?//».  Liv.  &  Ptol.  in  Pelagonia  regione,  Starachino  Nardo* 

8.  Antigonia  in  Migdonia  reg.  Coiogna  Pineto^  aliis  Antigoca. 


Of  fhefjalia. 


in  J- 


=^'^''11" 


TH  E  Province  of  Tbejfaly  was  called  ammonia  &  Fyrriraa ;  by 
Strabo.  Efiiaotis^  by  P//».  Drjofisy  by  DW,  -<^r|^w  Pelafgicum,  by 
Homer.  Comtnolitari  Cafi.  Tl)umeneftrra  Gett^ao,  Lamina  Lazio.  Btlt  the 
greateft  part  is  now  called  lanna  tefe  Brietio.  It  is  a  Country  no  lefs 
fruitful  than  pleafant,  famods  for  the  Hill  Olympas,  rifible  ac  a  great 
diftance,  confiftingnotof  one  rifingPeak,  but  extending  a  great  way 
in  length  from  Eaft  to  Weft,  remarkable  for  the  Exploits  of  Paulus 
fL/Emiluf,  of  Appiutf  Claudius ,  and  of  the  Conful  Martim^  of  which, 
fee  Sir  Walter  Raviletgh^  lib.  i.  Cap.  7.  For  the  Mountainsof  Pelion  and 
OJJ'a,  For  the  Hill  Othrys,  the  Hill  Oeta,  where  Hercules  is  faid  to  have 
burned  himfelf  with  a  poifoncd  Shirt.  For  the  pleafant  Valley  of 
Tempe,  called  the  Garden  of  tlie  Mufes.  For  the  Pharfalian  Fields, 
where  the  Empire  of  the  Roman  Univerfe  was  difputcd  in  two  great 
Battels ;  the  one  between  Cafar  and  Pcmpey,  the  other  between  Brutus 
and  Cajfms'on  the  one  fide,  and  Anthony  and  Augujlus' on  the  other. 
Here  lived  thz  Mirmarlons,  over  whom  ^c;6ii7fj  was  Captain  at  the  War 
oiTroy.  The  chief  places  are,  Li«rij^,  Larizzo  Soph.Tt:7wee  Sbeir,  Tur- 
risj  an  A  rchbiflioprick,  inhabited  by  Cbrifiians,  Turks  and  Jews ;  plea- 
lancly  feated  upon  a  riling  ground,. on  the  upper  part  whereof  ftands 
the  Palace  of  the  Grand  Signior,  refuted  alfo  for  the  Tow'n  where  Acbd- 
m  was  born.  2.  Ternovo,  a  large  and  pleafanf  City,  about  t^n  miles 
Weft'.vardsof /.i^ri//^^,  where  moll  of  the  Inhabitants  are  Chriftians, 
there  being  i3  Churches,  and  but  three  Mofques.     3.  Dimitria^la^  De- 

N   n   2  metrus 


%7^ 


Of  GrieU. 


V:        \ 


metrias  of  pld ;  by  Tlin.  the' fame  with  ?e^afay  oF  great  ftrength  by  Art 
and  Nature.  4.  Pegafay  now  rolo,  in  which  the  Ship  called  yirgo  was 
faid  to  be  built.  Armiro,  Argot  Velafgicum  al.  LariJJ'af  the  Seat  of  a 
Turktjh  Sangiac.  Dcmichiy  the  Lamia  of  Tolyb.  Cic.  Ptol.  &C.  HomiU 
Ptol,  Homolium  Vlift,  Qmole  Straboy  Homolus  Stepb.  HomoUum  Liv.  a  City 
and  M.  in  Thejfalj/y  vide  Virgil,  lib.  7.  z/£neidosj  now  Lamina  tefte  MoL 
Lartly,  jrf»»;»,  which  gives  name,  to  the  Country,  an  Archbiflioprick, 
that  hath  under  it  four  BifKopricks,  Argiro'CaJiro,  Delvinoy  Butrinto^ 
and  Glykaon*  Dolicbe  Ptol.  is  the  TecbaTa  of  Mere*  &  Briet.  Alcbria, 
Fiflano.  Trita,  or  Tricca,  once  the  Biihoprick  of  Hdiodorus,  the  Author 
of  the  Etbiopick  Hiftory.  ':'/'/>.     ■   -         \'  >::         •^       ' 

>   :    (?f   E  P  I  R  U  & 


-  &" 


TH  E  Province  of  Epirm,  now  Canina,  rather  Chimera  &  L.  Arta 
tef^e  Baud,  is  mountainous  and  barren,  languifhing  under  the 
Turk'tfi)  Tyranny.  Divided  by  fome  into  Cbaonia  Ttefprotia,  Acarnania 
^t/£t(flia.  But  by  Brietiminio  Cbaonia^  Thefportia.CaJfiopaay  Acarnania^ 
Ampbilocbia,  Atbamania,  Dolopia  and  Molojfiaj  once  a  Country  very  po- 
pulous, until  PW«/  e/£w///«f  ^eftroycd  70  of  their  Cities  in  one  day. 

Places  of  moft  note  weteDodona,  memorable  for  the  Temple  and 
Oracle  of  Jttpiter,  fcituate  in  a  fair  Grove  of  Vocal  Oaks. 

Ambracia  Caf.  Cic.  &  Strab.  Ampracia  Herod,  now  VArta^  the  Regal 
Seat  of  King  Pyrrj&»j,  accounted  by  Hannibal,  next  to  Alexander,  the 
fecond  great  Soldier  of  the  World. 

Allium  near  Cape  tigula,  nigh  unto  which  Augufius  and  Anthony 
fought  for  the  Empire  of  the  World. 

Nicopolis,  now  Vrevefa,  built  by  Augufius ,  yielded  to  the  Venetiam 
1684.  where  were  200  Turkt,  who* were  conduced  near  to  Arta^ 
44  Pieces  of  Cannon,  18  of  Braft,  and  1200  Inhabitants  which  re- 
mained, whereb;,'  the  Turks  have  loft  1 00000  Crowns  yearly  by  the 
FiHiery.  And  after  the  taking  of  SanEia  Maura  by  General  Morofini, 
he  caufed  his  Troops  to  make  a  defcent  at  Dagomeftro,  who  advanced 
fo  miles  Into  the  Country,  and  ruined  the  whole  Province  ofAcarna- 
ma,  and  burnt  two  great  Towns,  called  Uragoji,  and  Zapandi,  and 
feveral  Villages. 

Cajfiope,  now  Joanna,  or  "^annina,  faid  to  be  the  Metropolis  of  the 
Country,  which  I  fuppofe  to  be  the  fame  with  Janna  in  Tbejjalp 

Hecatom^doti,  in  the  Wars  oi Cyprus  called  Stipoto,  now  Chimera^ 


lorone. 


LA 


wmm 


mm 


i: 


Of  Greece. 


277 


Toromf  now    Ferga,     Buthrotuf,  now  ButrintOy  belonging  to  the  Vtifii' 
fians,  Ana^oflaj  I'lin.Scc.  now  yoniz,z.a  te/te  Soph,  FoMzz.it  Leunc.      ^ 
In  this  Province  is  Mount  PinJus,  facred  to  ApoOo,  and  the  Acnce,- 
raunian  Mountains,  the  Rivers  Acheron  and  Cocj/fus,  faid  to  be  the  Ri- 
vers of  Hell ;  and  here  was  Oljrnftas  the  Mother  of  Alexander  born. 

Of    A  C  H  A  I  /^. 

THE  Province  of /^Ci6<xw,  once  caWcdHeSas&GraciatcfieTliMo, 
LivalUa  &  Rumdia  tefie  CafiaUc,  of  old  divided  into  Baotiaj  At- 
tica, or  Hellas,  Alegaris,  fbocis,  Locris  Ox,ola,  Doris,  ^yStolia,  &  Opuno- 
rum  rf^w.  Now  by  the  Tw^^j called  Livadia>  A  Country  famous  in  the 
Authors  of  the  ancient  times,  for  the  Gallantry  of»its  Men,  and  for 
the  Statelinefs  of  its  Strudures. 

Places  of  moft  note  in  Attica  were,  i.  Athens,  k^vh,  or  At  him,  vul- 
garly called  Setines,  in  Lat.  ;'8  degr.  y  min.  A  City  heretofore  a- 
dorned  with  all  thofe  Excellencies  of  ftrength  and  beauty  which  Arc 
or  Coft  could  add  untoit  ;a  large  rich  and  ftately  City,  the  Nurfery 
of  Learning,  and  the  Source  of  all  Arts  and  Sciences;  once  called  the 
famous  Athens,  the  City  of  Thefeus,  built  by  Xecrops,  and  ruled  by 
Kings  yfo  years,  then  by  Archontes  for  600  years;  then  by  the  thirty 
Tyrants,  till  expelled  hy  Tbrafibulus,  and  by  the  help  of  EpaminonJas 
it  obtained  the  Sovereignty  of  Greece,  and  many  Ifles  of  the  Egaan 
Sea  for  70  years ;  till  it  fubmitted  to  Philip  of  Macedon,  and  Alexander 
the_Great.  Afterwards  was  much  deftroyed  by  Sylly\  but  reftored  by 
Adrian  the  Emperor,  and  afterwards  received  various  Fates,  till  it 
was  enflaved  by  Mahomet  xhe  Second  ^4^.  now  taken  from  them  by 
the  brave  Mortjini,  1687. 

The  Inhabitants  are  now,  according  toEfq;  Wheelers  Defcription, 
167^.  about  10000,  three  parts  Chrittians,  the  reft  7«r;?:/,  who  per- 
mit no  Jews  to  live  among  them.  'Tis  an  Archiepifcopal  See,  and  has 
the  Bifhops  of  Salona,  Libadla,  Granitz,:/,  and  Thalanta  under  it.  It 
affords  a  vaft  number  of  Antiquities,  viZ..  the  Temple  of  VtHory,  by 
the  Turks  made  a  Magazine  for  Powder :  The  Arfenal  of  Lycur^s : 
Minerva*s,  01  Vr; /St mow's  Temple,  DeMcflencs  Liimhorn^  ths  Oclogott 
Tower  of  the  Winds,  Thefeus^  Temple,  Adrians  Pillar,  the  founda- 
tion of  the  Areopagus,  the  Theatre  of  Ba^us,  the  Temple  of  Jupiter 
Olpnpius.  Laftly,  the  Acropolis  or  Caflle  on  tlie  South  of  the  Ciry,  up- 
on a  hard  Rock ,  and  inacceffible  on  ail  lldes ,  fave  the  W.  S.  W. 
from  this  Cittadel  is  the  Hill  Mi/cstm,  and  the  Mount  Anchrfmus,  now 

St.  Gcorgio^   , 


Of  Greece. 


mm 


i?  8 

St.  Gcorgio.  And  S.  E.  from  Athens  is  Mount  Hymetw,  now  Ttlevouni 
&  Lambrarouniy  whore  is  plenty  of  Bees  and  Honey.  All  provifions 
of  Fleih,  Fifli,  Fowl,  Corn,  Wine  md  Oyl,  are  cheap  here.  Their 
Merchandizes  are  Oyl,  Turky-Leathcr,  Raw  Silks ,  Pcrnocochi, 
Cake,  Soap,  Honey,  Wax,  &c.  '  ^^  -  ":■/  ''-'-^  -"'< '^ 

The  Town  hath  eight  Vlatoma's  or  Pari  (lie?,  and  about  yo  Parifli- 
Churches,  lyo  Chappels, and  feveral  Convents. 

Its  two.chief  Ports  are  Vortus  Tyrausj  now  called  ?Qno  Liove  by  the 
Fravks,  Turcis^  Dracona ;  more  Sou[h,  Port  Municbia,  now  HagiOy  & 
Vkalaras  Fortui,  now  Port  Nicolo. 

Other  Places  in  Attica  arc,  i.  Marathon^  famous  for  the  Marat honian 
Bull  (lain  by  Thefeus^  and  for  thedefeatof  the  Numerous  Army  of  £><7- 
rhts  by  Miltiades\  now  a  ruined  Village. 

2.  Eliujis  or  £/«/;«  C/r.  c^  5rr<j^.  now  Lep/i?ta,  buried  in  its  own 
Rubbifh ;  it  lies  at  the  Foot  of  the  M.  Kerata,  or  Gcrata,  Here  was  the 
Temple  of  Ceres,  her  Sacrifices  called  Si:cra  Ekufinia,  and  her  Myfteries 
unclean  and  Devililli,  and  once  the  Fortificationof  the  thirty  Tyrants 
of  Athens,  A  mile  off  Weft,  is  the  Spring  Av^ivov,  i.  e.  Floridas,  where 
Ceres  fat  weary  wich  the  fearch  of  Vroferfina ;  and  North  is  the  Ekufi- 
nian  Plain,  and  the  Cjahcron,  now  Elitita  Mountains. 

5.  Thyle,  now  Bighi  Cafiro,  or  Ca^a,  TVheekr^  was  the  place  where 
Tbrajibulus  began  his  Exploit  of  Expelling  the  Thirty  Tyrants,  and  de- 
livering his  Countrey. 

4.  FanorMus  Strab,  &  Ptol.  a  Sea-Town,  now  Vorto  R'apBai  Soph. 
whence  the  Athenians  failed  to  Dclos  to  carry  the  Prefents  to  Apollo  fent 
from  the  Hyperboreans. 

5.  Braunn,  now  Urannia,  where  Was  the. Temple  of  Diane. 

6.  Rhamvus,  now  Tama  Cajlro,  or  Hcbrao  Ca^ro,  famous  for  the 
curious  Statue  of  J>iemejis. 

7.  i^alene,  now  Angelopico,  where  the  Athenians  have  their  Country- 
Koufes. 

8  Fsntditus  Mons,  now  Vendtli,  where  is  a  Monaftry  of  100  Cakires 
on  a  Mountain  of  curious  Marble,  in  which  areGrotca's  incrufted  with 
curious  Congelations.  .       - 

9.  Frcmcntonuw  Siaimw,  now  Cape  Cokmii^  from  the  white  Pillars 
of  Minava'^  Temple  >et  Handing  j  and  the  Town  Siwiumj  oneof  the 
^i\Koi,  or  BurgtCs-Towns  of  the  Athinians, 

Places  in  BoLutia  are,  i.  Thibes,  I'lva  Soph.  Stives  &  Slibes  Baud.  VA- 
ther  J/;."!;.?,  IVlncUry  inLat.  58.  degr.  22.  min.  Built  by  Cadmus,tefielj9' 
Mre,nnd  fabled  to  be  walled  with  Ampbicns  Harp.  Famous  in  old  tiaie 
tor  tJis  Wars  of  Ercccks  and  VoUcinesj  Sons  oiO<:dipus,  Here  lived  Ptfo- 

pd,is 


f 


V- 


OfGreeee, 

pUas  and E^<<w/w»^^/,wbo  overthrew  the  Laceclimomans  at  the  Battel  o' 
LeuSira  and  Mantinea.  Northwards  is  the  Tbtbean  Lake^  now  Hjlica 
Palus. 

2.  AuIiSf  now  Aulidey  is  famous  for  the  Grecians  Shipping  out  for 
the  Trojan  War. 

;.  Lebadeuy  not  Lebadia  telie  Baud.  teBe  Zardo,  now  LivadiOy  or 
Libadia,  ff heeler,  and  gives  name  to  all  Acbaia. 

The  Chriftians  have  here  four  Churches,  and  the  Turks  five  Mofchs. 
Their  Trade  is  in  Woollen  Stuffs  and  Rice,  and  near  it  is  the  Tropho- 
fiian  Cave  and  Grove,  where  was  an  Oracle  given  by  Japter, 

4, /^jcr<^<»,  the  Birth-place  of  Ht/o//.  ^ 

,    y.  Cbarona,  that  of  Plutarcb,  ^ 

6.  Granitza,  a  Bi(hoprick. 

7.  Coronaa,  the  fame  or  near  to  Dymnia,  i.  e.  two  Months,  bectufe 
Corn  is  (owed,  ripe  and  reaped  in  that  time,  teih  fVheeler.  Here  were 
the  Coronai  Agri,  where  the  Games  Pambriotia  were  Celebrated. 

8.  Alalcomene,  probably  now  St.  Georgia ,  where  is  a  Convent,  and 
two  Churches. 

•  9.  Tbefpia,  now  Neocorio,  hence  Muja  Tbefpiades. 

10.  Platea,  now  faid  to  be  called  Cocla/m  whofe  Plain  was  Mardo- 
nm  flain,  160000  Per/tans,  and  oi  the  Grecians  but  699. 

11.  Lf«ffr<i,  betwixt  7i6e//ji<»  and  Plarea,  now  Par apagia,  in  whofe 
Plains  the  Tbebam  overthrew  the  Spartans,  fome  of  whom  had  ravilh- 
ed  5ce</<»/«/ Daughters.  . 

12.  Tbisba,  now  Rimo  CaHri\  it  hath  now  about  100  Cottages  of 
Greeks  and  Albanefe's. 

15.  Tanagra  of  old,  Graz  &"  Pamandria,  now  Scamino,  its  Ruins  arc 
large ;  it  hath  about  200  Houfes,  and  many  Greek  Churches ;  'tis  fcitu- 
ate  near  Mount  Cerycius,  on  the  River  AJopus,  that  divides  Attica  and 
JS^ofw,  over  againft  Oro;)«/.  ,  '"" 

Its  chief  Lakes  are,  i.  TheLakeof  z:,w<i//w,  formerly  called  Cc/><»« 
c^  Cephi/is,  about  forty  miles  in  compafs.  The  Streams  and  Torrents 
that  fall  into  it  would  drown  all  Baotia,  but  for  the  Subterraneous 
Channels,  the  Wonders  of  Art  and  Nature,  that  fuck  in  the  water, 
and  convey  it  into  the  <i/£gean  Sea:  Thefe  Subterraneous  C(?f<«^<!7//&<?, 
are  about  fifty  in  all.    2.  The  Hellca  Paulus,  now  Lake  Thiv^s. 

Its  chief  Rivers  are  Afcpus,  now  Scawtnc,  and  CepbiJJus  River. 

Its  chief  Mountains  were,  i.  Helicon  a  Poet  is  decanti(/imis,  Mufis 
Sacer.  by  the  Inhabitants  called  Eialia,  now  Zagara,  If  heel.  2.  Citha^ 
ron  Alonsj  Mufis  Sacer,  now  Elatea  MonsyteHs  Wheel, 


fid,;s 


Chier 


i..iiv^. 


( 


..: 


W 


a,Bo    "'  ■  ^    .  .  •-■  ^.-  Of  Grtich  ■    .^^^•' 

Chief  Places  in  i/£.tolia  are  LefantOf  UaupaStus  Ttol,  NtopaBus  Cic* 
NaupiiHum  Vltn.  Lepattti  GalliSf  EpaBos  Gracis,  Emebracbri  Turcisy  teFie 
Leovc.    An  Archiepifcopal  City,  now  built  from  the  Sea-fhore  to  the 
top  of  a  high  Conical  Mountain,  having  four  Ranges  of  Walls  be- 
fore the  Calile,  which  is  feated  on  tlie  top  of  the  Mountain .    Its  Har- 
bour is  narrow  at  its  entrance,  and  (hallow  ;  where  'tis  faid,  the  fa- 
mous Cofair  Durack  Bty^  Baftia  ofCandia  relided.    In  the  year  1408. 
it  was  fubjeA  to  the  Emperour  of  ConBantimple,  but  the  Emperour 
Emartuel  ^ave  it  ioih^iVenetiavSiViho  fo fortified  it,that  in  the  year  1471. 
it  deftroyed  ;oooo  Tnrks^  and  the  Army  forced  toraifethe  Siege; 
but  BajuZjCt  the  Second  with  and  Army  of  i  f  0000,  attacked  it  by  Sea 
and  Land,  and  brought  it  to  a  moft  deplorable  eftate,  and  took  itirom 
them  1499.  But  in  the  year  1687.  it  was  retaken  by  Generaliflimo  Mo- 
nfijfi.    The  Trade  is  Leather,  Oyl,  Tobacco,  Rice,  Barley,  Wheat, 
Furs,  &c.  Near  this  Town  was  that  famous  Sea-fight  betiwxt  the 
Venetiam  and  the  Turks^  where  29000  Turks  were  killed,  4000  taken 
Prifoners,  with  140  Gall ies,  and  1200  Chriftian  Captives  redeemed, 
i5'7i.  At  the  Entrance  of  this  Gulf  of  LepantOj  by  the  Ancients  Si- 
fius  Crijausj  Sinus  Corinthiacut,  &  Mare  Alcyonum^  (aid  to  be  100  miles 
in  length,  are  two  Caftles  called  alfo  the  Dardanelles  of  Lepantc,  not 
far  from  the  Promontories  Rbium  &  Jntirrhjum,  Capo  S.  Jndraa,  Baud. 
rather  C.  Antirio. 

Other  places  in  <t/Etolia  are  Caljdon  with  its  Foreft,  where  M(!eag.r 
flew  the  wild  Boar,  now  Aiten  tejle  Cjuaco^  rather  Gallata  PP'heeL  Here 
the  River  Evenus,  over  which  the  Centaur  NeJJus  carried  Hercules  Wife 
Dfjaneirc,  to  have  ravilhed  her.  Alfo  the  River  Acbekus,  much 
fabled^ by  the  Poets.  The  zy£ioliam  were  a  turbulent  and  unruly 
People. 

Chief  places  in  Locris  are,  AmphiJJa^Lamb'ma  tefie  Nigro,  Anfifa  Baud, 
S4o7ui^  Wheel,  once  the  chief  place  of  the  Locrti  Oz,elorum,  feated  now 
on  a  Rock  under  a  Mountain,  that  joyns  Mount  Corax  and  Parnajj'us, 
Mufis  SacLY  opiid  PceraSj  Partiafo  d^  Ltacura  tcih  S'pb.  Licoura,  Wheel. 
The  Turks  have  here  feven  Mofchs,  and  the  GrefiljfixChurche$,v^hofe 
Bi2iop  is  under  the  Arch-bi(hop  of  Athens :  They  Trade  with  To- 
bacco and  Cottons.  • 

Turcbocoreo^  thought  to  be  the  ancient  LiUa^  is  feated  near  the 
River  Cephijm  in  the  middle  of  a  Plain  between  Mount  Otta  and 
the  ThermopyU,  famous  for  King  Lco7jidas  defence  ;  faid  to  be  a 
Town  of  the  Lccit  EficnemidcSf  fo  called  from  the  Mount  and  Town 
Cnewides, 


■  'h*:i:i 


Tha- 


.-i 


-i-it^ 


JS&Wj^ 


^us  Ctc, 
isj  teHe 
to  the 
alls  be- 
ts Har- 

thc  r> 

ir  1408. 
nperour 
an  47 1. 

Siege  J 
c  by  Sea 

it  from 
imo  Mo- 

Wheat, 
Iwxt  the 
)o  taken 
deemed, 
;ients  Si' 
00  miles 
ante,  not 
e<?,  Baud. 

heel.  Here 
•ules  Wife 
ri,  much 
d  unruly 


ififa  BauiJ, 
ated  now 
ParnaJJ'us, 
a.  Wheel. 
ie$,v,/hofe 
with  To- 

ncarthe 
Otta  and 
to  be  a 
id  Town 


Thii- 


Cf  Greece.  ^'^  '        "        sSi 

ThalavJa  on  the  South- fide  of  the  River  Platatiim,  a  Bifliopricfc 
«nd  a  large  Town  by  the  Ruins  of  Churches  and  Towers;  a  mile  out 
of  Town  it  feems  to  be  the  City  Opus ;  hence  Locrii  Opuntii,  &  Sinus 
Opuntius. 

s "    Drepanum  &  Molycrium  Strab  &  ?tol.  Trapani  Nigroy  now  Capo  Jt  Pra" 
tras. 

Chief  places  in  PAcmarc  Delphos,  or  Delpbi,  Salona  Ni^ro,  CafiriSopb, 
&  WhetL  once  famous  for  the  Oracle  of -^fa/fo,  who  delivered  his  fay- 
ings  in  Amphiboli's  and  daric  Sentences,  whereby  he  deceived  his  De- 
votee's, ,vj  Craffui  and  Pyrrhus  j  feated  it  was  on  the  middle  of  the 
South  fide  of  the  Mount  ParnaJJus,  whQVQ  Ducalm  and  Fyrrbafuved 
themfelves. 

2.  Daulis,  now  Dalia,  noted  for  King  Tercut,  who  raviflied  Phi' 
lomela, 

5 .  Cyrrha  Plin.  &  Ltv,  Cbyrra  ?;ol,  Afpropiti  Z^rdo  &  Nardo^  now  7>w- 
mochiy  l-Vheeler. 

■<  4.  Anticyrrba  Vtol.  Anticyra  Pauf,  famous  of  old  for  its  Helebore, 
now  in  Ruins  near  to  the  Afpropiti  Sinus. 

^.  Tpbia,  the  Navil  of  the  World,  remarkable  for  the  Aflembly  of 
the  Ampbi^tiones  that  condemned  the  Pbocians  for  Sacriledge. 

0^  Chief  Places  in  Megaris  are  Megara^  feated  in  a  Valley  towards  the 
Gulph  of  Engia,  once  comprehending  two  Rocks,  now  but  one,  ha- 
ving three  or  four  Cottages  oi  Greeks,  muchinfefted  with  Pyratesj  fa- 
mous once  for  the  Megarica  of  Euclidy  and  for  the  Fable  of  King 
NyJJas  Purple  Hair. 

2,  Towards  the  Harbour  Minoa  is  the  rujned  Fortrefs  Nicaa,  and 
the  Dodeca  Ecclefia ;  Weft  are  the  Scirenides  Rupesy  now  Kakifcalia,  or 
Bad  Bay ;  and  the  ancient  Cromium,  the  Bounds  between  Attica  and 
Peloponnejus. 

Peloponnefusy  now  Moreay  isthemoft  Famous  Peninfula  in  the  World  j 
Bounded  with  the  Sea  only,  where  it  joineth  to.Greecehy  AnMmusot 
fix  miles  in  breadth;  very  Memorable  for  the  Fruitlefs  Defign^isC di- 
vers Kings  and  Emperors  to  cut  it  through,  and  to  make  a  perfect 
Ifland  of  it ;  and  for  the  I/^bmian  Games  inftituted  by  Tbefeus ;  and 
for  the  Wall  ofHexameli  built  by  the  Emperor  Emanuel  141;.  demoli- 
flied  by  Amurab  the  Second  1424 ;  1465.  rebuilt  by  the  Kefiettans  in 
I J  days,  with  136  Towers. 

A  Country  it  was  once  abounding  with  all  things,  as  well  for  the 
Delicacy  and  Contentment,  as  Neceflary  for  the  Life  of  man  ;  and  for 
the  bignefsof  it,  none  in  the  World  hath  fi^flfered  in  the  Ruin  offo 


O  o 


mapy 


fiyen:^.-.-'*; 


■  I 
)  : 


ttt  .      \  0/Gmth  '.         ^ 

many  brate  and  ftately  Cities,  yet  the  beft  Inhabited  of  *11  Gr#<(f^be- 
ing  well  Seated  with  Ports  and  Havens  on  all  fides  of  it.  •  '  ■ 

This  plcafani  part  of  G^mhas  not  always  had  thenameof  A/«'^#^ 
as  'tis  now  called ;  Straho  faith  that  it  was  once  called  yirgo  or  jir^of^ 
from  a  famous  City  of  that  name  within  its  Confines;  And9y£iMUa 
from  t^^inlusi  a  famous  King  of  the  Syeonians.  Apollo Jerus  and  Plifty 
call  it  ylpif ,  from  .Apis  the  third  King  of  the  Argives ,  Son  of 
ty£gialiis,  and  alfo  yeUfgia.  Afterwards  it  had  the  Name  of  PeU- 
fouveftts^  from  tehfs  th?  Son  of  Tantalus  King  of  Phrygias^tld  T^^geta, 
now  Merea. 

As  to  its  Bignefsj  Authors  difagree,  ^o^/orr  allows  it  36^  miles  in 
Circuit.  Bour/ion  J63.  Vorchaccbi  ^73.  Bleau^  Sacrtfio,  and  Viwcli^ 
make  it  600.  Ba.¥drand  ffo.  ^trtiho  makef  the  length  1400  Stadia, 
Sagrtdo  makes  it  a  170  miles  from  the  Ifibmus  to  Modon.  Baudrand 
make&  it  1 50  from  Cmntb  to  Tenarium  from,  and  from  C.  ScbiMt  to  C. 
Tornejeij^. 

It  was  by  Vtflomy  ^nd  others  divided  into  eight  parts,  M^iia  Propria, 
Arcadia,  Argia,  Corintbia,  Elis,  Luconia,  Mtjfenia  and  Sicyonia*  Tomfonir 
Mt  Afek  divided  ii  mto  but  fix  of  thofe  parts ;  he  left  out  Qtrimbia 
and  Stcjfoniai.  ^  \    , 

Morry  and  A<}«^r^W  make  four  Divifions,  viz.  Ducatus  Clarefitia,  the 
Dutchy  of  Clarence,  Of  Cbiarenza,  which  comprehends  Acbaia  Propria, 
Sicyma  and  Corintbia.  9.  Behedera,  which  contains  Elis  and  MeJ/iniOk 
3.  Saccania ,  or  the  leiTer  Romania,  containing  the  ancient  Argia  oc 
^gQU    4,  Tracmia.,  comprehending  Laconic  and  Arcadia, 

Places  mod  Famous  are,  i.  Patras,  an  Arch-Bifhoprick,  known  ca 
the  Rom(ins  by  the  Name  of /^w^w/^,  Aroo  Patrenfis,  called  alfo  Ntiipa- 
tria  by  the  7iwr>^j ;  now  Badra  and  Balabutra,  tefte  Lctme.  Memorable 
for  the  Death  of  St.  Andrew  the  Apoftle ;  and  now  a  Town  of  good 
Trade  in  Raw  Silks,  Leather,  Honey,  Wax,Wool,  Cheefe,  and  Cur- 
rans.  Situate  near  the  Strait  which  openeth  into  the  Bay  of  Corinthy 
now  Lepanto,  a  Strait  Fortified  on  both  fides  with  two  Caftles  by  Bo* 
ja^eti  tofegure  the  Entrance  of  the  Bay;  taken  by  Andrew  Daria  i  J71, 
Recover-edby  S'o/jfw^jw  the  Magnificent  July  1687.  abandoned  by  the 
Turks,  andpoffeffed  by  the  A'^we/i^w/. 

Cbiarenza  the  Cyllere  ofPlin.  Ptol.  &  Thucy  tefie  Soph,r  Antravidn  Nig^ 
But  Br  lit  as  will  have  Dyine,olim  Stratcs  &  Cauconia,  to  be  Clarenz.a,  oncQ 
the  Capital  City  of  that  Dutchy,  now  fome  flight  Traces  of  it  arc  all 
ihat  is  vifible.  Six  miles  from  the  Cape  Tornefe,  Cbelonates  Prom  StraK 
is  the  Caftle  or  Fortrefs  of  Tormzej  now  by  the  Turks  Bkmouzzi, 
tefie  Wk^el*  ClemcmtH,  QorQnelli*- 

Tylas 


OfOntih 


ti) 


Tylas 


fylaK^Strak  Thneyd.  &c.  AbaritiM  Prol  Nelea,  ffofftfrdf  JeJfeVattf.  & 
Coryphafinm  refit  €tefh.  Navarino  Sopb.  Zonicbia  L(U*>H.  now  ^.uncbw^  or 
Navaririf  lo  miles  diOant  from  Coron  ;  is  famous  for  Its  Port,  where 
2000  Vcflels  may  ride  at  Anchor ;  about  five  miles  long,  and  three 
broad,  having  an  Ifland  lying  before  it ;  on  the  right  hand  it  is  guai  dcd 
with  a  (trong  Caftle  called  New  Naverin ;  on  the  other  hand  Aands  old 
Navsrin,  formerly  called  Pylus. 

Modotty  lo  miles  from Ctfrcw,  by  the  Turks  Matuntyby  VUn.  Metbcne; 
its  Situation  by  Nature  and  Art  makes  ic  ftrong,having  a  fafe  and  com- 
modious H.iven,  taken  firft  by  the  Venetians  in  the  year  1 124.  In  the 
year  1498.  it  was  taken  by  Bajazet  with  a  great  Slaughter.  And  in  the 
year  1685'.  retaken  by  the  Venetians, 

Cortm,  once  Tedufus  Nifi,  Lauremb.  Epea,  Vauf.  hath  a  ftrong  and  ad- 
vantagious  Situation  on  the  r»c;ht  fide  of  Cape  Galioy  the  Acntui  Prom, 
of  the  Ancients  taken  by  Bajaz^et  1498.  Taken  again  by  General  Dona 
ic;;.butfoonagain  returned  to  the  Tirr^i/fc  yoke.  Bur '"  the  year  i68f. 
after  the  defeat  of  the  7«r^//fc  Camp,  and  a  vigorous  rc'^Oance,  it  was 
taken  by  afTault,  with  a  dreadful  (laughter  of  all  the  Inhabitants,  by 
theVenetiansyWho  found  128  Pieces  of  Cannon,ofw». ich  6 '  were  Brafs. 

Calamata  the  Ah^ea  Ptel.Tburia  &  Epea  Strab.  te/te  Sopb.  ("buc  j^baais 
Cbiorisy  Mol.  And  the  Tburium  of  Ptol,  &  Tbyrea  Plin,  is  now  Cume^ra^ 
tefie  Mol)  The  ThaUme  o{ Strab,  &  Pauf.  Tberamne  Plin,  Tberapne  Solino 
&  MeUy  te/fe  Gemiftro.  But  Niger  will  have  TbaUmt  to  be  Bajilopotamo, 
or  Vafilipotamo ;  and  Mol.  will  have  it  BArboliza,  It  is  feated  at  the  bot> 
torn  of  the  Bay  ofCorony  about  a  mile  from  the  Sea,  on  the  Bank  of  the 
River  Pamifus  of  Strabo,  Stromio  Niger,  defended  with  a  ftrong  Cadic, 
with  Regular  Fortifications,  taken  by  the  Venetians  i68f.  Nigh  to 
which  is  the  Lake  Lernay  where  Hercules  flew  the  Monfter  Hydra  ^  as 
alfo  Mount  r(f»«ir«j,  where  was  the  Cave  (called  thedefcent  of  Hell) 
out  of  which  he  drew  the  Dog  Cerberus  j  and  Namea  was  the  place  . 
where  he  flew  the  dreadful  Lion.  As  was  alfo  Zarvara  a  Fortrefs  much 
favoured  by  Nature,  but  much  more  by  Art,  which  was  delivered  up 
to  General  Morojini  in  fight  of  the  Captain  BaiTa  with  a  numerous  and 
powerful  Army,  who  dared  not  to  attempt  its  fuccour. 

Cbielefay  is  a  Fortrefs  of  great  importance  for  its  advantages  of  Na- 
ture and  Art,  feated  upon  a  Ibep  Rock,  a  mile  and  half  from  the  Sea  ; 
of  a  Qmdrangular  FigurCj  Flanked  with  five  great  Towers,  not  far 
from  the  place  where  once  Vttulo  ftood.  It  furrendred  to  the  Venetian  s 
1686. 

PaJJovah  a  Fortification  feated  in  the  Province  of  A/uj/«<;,  oppofite  to 
Cbiele fa,  And  Port />'/;«/<?, yielded  to  the  Venetians  1685'.  without  aftroke, 
and  dcmoliihed.  O  o  2  As 


^\» 


-;Vi' 


H' 


\ 


.1^4         "'  '  -''■  Of  Greece, 

Asalfo  ^hc  Fo.rtrefi  of  Maina,  built  where  once  ftood  theanutnt    ' 
Ccrfapolis,  by  the  Ottomans  called  Turcotogli  Olimienas,  by  the  Greeks  Ca" 
ffro  Ji  Adaina^  by  the  Turks  Monige,  demolifljcd  in  the  year  1 570. 

Mrfitray  Seated  in  a  large  Plain,  full  of  fraall  Villages,  Olive  and 
Mu'berry-Trees,  about  2f  miles  :''om  the  Sea,  the  Mountain  Taygetus 
"^  commands  it  on  tlie  Weft  5  once  Sparta^  then  LaceJamorty  once  one  of 
the  moft  famous  of  the  Grecian  Cities,  now  fhrunk  to  a  little  Town, 
icarcely  (hewing  any  Remains  of  its  former  Glory.  Hiftorians  do  not 
agree  who  was  its  firft  Founder ;  fome  fay  it  was  Spartus  the  Son  of 
King  Amklas,  others  the  Princefs,  King.  Lacc^amons  Wife,  who  was 
called  Sfarta ;  fome  affirm  it  was  Cccrops,  and  others  attribute  it  to 
Sfartus  the,  Son  of  Thoronem  King  of  ^r?w,  Contemporary  with  the 
Patriarch  Jacobs  and  make  it  older  than  Rome  985  years.  The  Caftle  is 
fo  advantagoufly  feated,  that  Hiftories  aflure  us  it  was  never  taken. 
In  theyear  i687.furrendred  to  the  Venetians,  :  .•  •  f   Sr-^ 

Mah'ajia,  the  EftJauruSyLimcra  & ' Monentbafia oUht  Anctents,  has  a 
very  advantageous  Situation  in  a  little  Ifle  on  a  Rock,  waflied  by  the 
waves  of  the  Archtpelagut,  yet  enjoying  feveral  Sources  of  fweet  clear 
Springs,inacceflibleOn  all  fides  but  one  place,  which  is  defended  with 
a  thick  tripple  Wall,  and  joined  to  the  main  Land  by  a  Wooden  Bridg, 
having  a  very  fpacious  Port,  and  well  defended:  yet  though  its  Situ- 
ation renders  it  almoft  invincible,  by  its  ill  fortune  it  hath  under- 
gone feveral  Changes :  Taken  from  the  Greek  Emperors  by  the  French 
and  Venetians^  Anno  1204.  In  theyear  i  f  57.  it  was  taken  by  Solyman, 
and  during  the  Wars  ofCanMa  it  was  attacked  by  the  Fenetjans  and  ta- 
ken, who  dcmolifhed  the  Portland  left  it.  There  isanother  EptJaurasin 
Arg'ta,  called  Efculapia Soph,  famous  for  the  Temple  of  x/£fculapius.  Ft' 
giada  iTtirOiCberromJi Soph, 

Napolt  Ji  Romania yUmongH  the  Celebrated  Cities,  once  the  Glory  of 
Argia  5  this  is  now  the  chief,  the  Anafhia  of  Herod,  Xenoph.  &  Strab. 
Nauplia  Ptol.  Napli  Soph,  built  by  Nauplus  King  of  Eubaa,  the  Son  of 
Neptune  and  Amimone,  and  Father  to  Falamedes.  About  two  miles  in 
Compafs,  almoft  furrounded  by  the  Sea,  and  defended  by  a  Caftle,  as 
the  Harbour  is  by  a  Fort,  built  upon  a  RocK  about  500  foot  into  the 
Sea,  fo  that  both  Nature  and  Art  have  confpired  to  render  it  ftrong ; 
now  an  Arch-Bilhoprick,  and  the  Refidence  of  the  Governour  of  the 
Province.  Containing  6000  Greeks,  bcfidcs  a  great  numberof  other 
Inhabitants;  firft  taken  izoy.by  the  Venetians j  joined  with  the  irencb; 
taken  foon  after  by  KmgGiovapiJJ'a,  who  left  terrible  marks  of  hisiage 
and  fury,by  putting  the  whole  Garifon  to  the  Sword,  and  facking  the 
Tovvn.Aflaulted  it  was  by  Mahomtt  the  Second  with  a  powerful  Army, 

bui 


If 


0/  Greg^. 


aSf 


t;wnt 
h  Cw 

m 

and 

Jfgetus 

leof 

iwn, 

not 

)n  of 

was 

it  to 

Ith  the 

m  is 

takeo. 


bii«  in  vain  ;  fo  Safyman  alfo  had  no  more  fortunate  fucccis,  but  by  a- 
.    greement obtained  it  from  the  Republick.  Thefe  two  !aft  places  are  all 
that  the  Turk  now  hath  in  the  Morea,  fo  that.  £j>^  Venetians  a|6  llgW 
Mafters  of  all  that  Countrey.  '  „.  ,-■*■:', 

Argos,  of  this  Nameare  three  Cities  in  Greece^  viz.  i.  Argos  Amphilo^' 
cbium  in  Epirutf  now  An[ilocba.  2.  4^gos  ?elajgicum  in  TbeJJ'iliay  nOw 
Armiro.  3.  -/^j^"^/  Pelopcnue/facuntj  once  tboroma,  Jaffiay  Hypoboky  DipoPn', 
or  Dipjion.  Seated  on  the  River  Inacbus  ,  now  Plan:z,z,t  Soph,  not  fat 
from  the  Ruins  of  the  Ancient  Mjeenia ;  Founded  by  btacbus  in  the 
year  of  the  World  2197.  and  continued  for  ^46  years  under  Kings, 
then  a  Commonwealth,  now  only  retains  the  Name  of  its  paffed  Giory, 
though  feated  in  a  delightful  Plain,  about  24  miles  from  the  Sea,  a- 
bounding  with  Wine  and  Oyl,  and  ;^1  forts  c7  Grain,  and  defended 
with  a  Caftle  feated  on  a  Hiil.  Here  King  Pynbus  waskilled  with  a 
Tile  from  the  hands  of  an  old  Woman. 

Trapoltz.z^,  Megalopolis  Polyb.  Strab.  &Chri(lianopolis  diBatejfe  Baud', 
Leondari,  or  Leontari  Sopb.  by  the  Turks  called  Mora  Orta,  the  Center  . 
of  the  Morea^  the  chief  place  in  the  once  famous  Arcadia,  the  Birth- 
place oiPoljbiM  the  Hiftorian. 

Corintbf  the  Corinthus  of  Strab.  and  Toljb.  Epbjiro  Lauremh.  by  t\\Q 
Inhabitants  Coranto,  and  by  the  Turks  Gerame.  In  the  Lat.  of  ;  8, 
degr.  14.  m.  had  its  foundation  from  Aletes, who  Wvtd  intlie  time  ofCe- 
erops  3066.  So  advantageoufly  feated  in  the  mid  ft  of  t\\z  Iflhwus, 
that  foms  have  called  it  the  Eye  of  Greece^  others  the  BjI  wark  of  the. 
TeloponnefuSf  and  the  fplender  of  Gnece,  This  City  formerly  fo  rich 
and  Magnificent,  i:>  now  nothing  more  than  a  wretched  Remnant  of 
Wars  and  of  Time,  and  hath  prcferved  nothing  more  of  its  priljline. 
Grandeur  than  its  own  Ruins. 

The  famous  Fortrefs  of  the  Acrocorintbusy  the  Guard  of  Corintby 
muft  not  be  paiTed  by  without  a  particular  Remembrance.  Bui|t 
upon  the  point  of  a, high  Rock,  and  ftrengthened  with  a  itout 
Wall  very  ftrong  both  by  Art  and  Nature;  yet  after  the  taking  of 
LepantOy  the  Serafquier  being  terrified  by  the  Venetian  Forces,  had  fet 
fire  to  it,  and  left  it ;  where  the  Veneitans  found  47  Brafs  and  4  Iron 
Guns  1687.  ,     . 

Thus  have  I  as  briefly  as  poffible  given  an  Account  of  the  Chief  Ci- 
ties now  extant  in  the  Morea,  the  Stage  and  Theater  of  Ai5tion  in   , 
the  late  Wars. 

The  chief  Mountains  in  thjis  Peninfua  are  the  Foloej  or  Vhole  Moun-  . 
tain,  near  which  was  feated  the  City  oiolympia,  famed  by  the  Poets 
for  the  Country  of  the  Centaurs  fliin  by  Hsrcnks,  after  his  being  Vi- 
ctorious 


'  4   ' 


■^   « 


iB 


Of  (irmi. 


X^l:-. 


'»,  r 


<5torious  over  the  Nem^m  Lion,  the  Leman  Hydr^^  and  ^  Erjimax^j 
than  Boar:'^-'^  '■''  ^^^T-m^.-r^  v^ift^,cc;il^a7:v'3'dff  l>irii?.ri:j^;    •• -^at-p 

Cylem  Mons,  at  the  top  whereof  are  yet  to  be  feen  the  Remains  of 
the  Temple  of  Mercury, 

Lycaui  MonSf  memorable  for  the  Sacrifice  of  the  Tyrant  Arifiarchus, 
made  to  the  publick  Rage  of  the  Lacedemonians. 

Menalus  MonSi  for  its  (hady*  Grover  and  refreihing  Air,  Dedicated 
to  Fan.        ""^  V^' ""   ^'^  'n-^\..  ,^'^m:i'iii;t\  'U..'?  -.   »,u\5d-' .o 

Mws  Sepia,  for  the  Death  of  Efites,  (>ung  by  a  Serpent.      -4  'u^ 
^  Monies  Poylizi, for  Dianas  Temple,  called  alto  StympbaliJes.  f 

MomMtntiay  or  Mitena,  which  gives  a  ProlpeA  to  tb^  Gulph  of  C#- 
ron,  where  the  proud  Fanes  of  Pluto  and  Projerpina  once  ftood  ,  at 
the  foot  of  Mount  Nonaeres,  at  the  foot  whereof  roul  the  fatal 
waves  of  Styx.  Laftly,  the  Tageta,  Sacred  (o  Bacchus^  Ceres,  JpoHo, 
-and  Diana,     ^  ^  -^  ,  r.  :;••£ j  •,  n , *  ;:■■•  1 

Chief  Rivers  are,  Alpheus  Ptol.  SccCarhon,  or  Darhon  s  vulgo,  Orpka, 
Soph,  much  famed  by  the  Poets,  who  te)l  us  alfo  of  its  Subterraneous 
paiTage  to  its  beloved  Fountain  Arethufa  in  Sicily, 

Eurotasy  now  Vajjalipot antes.  Iris  Niger,  Homerus  Pint,  it  runs  by  Mt_fi:^ 
tra,  and  falls  into  theGulph  of  Celcbma;  in  Summer  very  dry  and 
Ihallow,  but  in  Winter  fometimes overflowing  its  bounds,    ir^.^^uifli,: 

Inachus,  now  Planmzza,  once  Craniavor,  then  HaliacmoVy  called 
Inacbus  from  the  Son  of  Oceanus  and  Thetu,  whofe  Itory  is  well 
known. 

1  muft  not  forget  the  River  Pamyfus,  Strab,  PUn.  &  Amatbus^ 
Panyjus  Ptel.  Stromio,  Niger,  Tifeo ,  GioviOy  which  falls  into  the  tjulph 
'ofCcron,  ••-    -,  ■■  -  ;•  uaifev\?»,ii,,  ■   •; 

All  Europe  affords  not  a  place  comparable  to  this  pleafantPcninfula. 
Its  fruitful  Plains  flourilh  with  plenty,  adorned  with  the  charms  of 
v&riety.  Its  high  Hills,  though  thought  unpleafant  obje(5is  for  their 
cragginefs,  yet  endowed  with  excellent  Plants,  and  delicious  Fruits ; 
and  Its  Climate  is  foft,  ferene  and  temperate.  Here  we  may  have 
the  Melancholy  view  of  the  Imperial  Seats  of  the  Corintbianst  Lacedi" 
monians,  Syconians,  Myctnians,  Elians,  Arcadians,  Py leans,  and  MeJJ'emans, 
now  lying  buried  in  their  own  Ruins. 


U'      s 


Vf 


■p^ii 


mm 


O/ 


0/  Grieer. 


••«/•. 


f',n 


:;v?v 


.r-^-  i 


■  t: 


Of  the  Iflands  in  the  iEgean,  Cretan,  and 
Ionian  Sear.  ,  .  .  -.J 


^• 


-i>:r; 


"'O,: 


;i 


:^-\:j\ 


U. 


THE  Iflands  that  are  adjacent  to  Gnuey  are^  i.  Such  as  are  in  the; 
JrcbipelagOy  or  the  e/f^Mii  Sea,  which  are  about  4;,  and  of  late 
years  have  had  14^000  Inhabitants  that  paid  the  Heracb  or  Follmoney 
to  the  Turks ;  few  or  no  Turks  live  in  them,  becaufe  of  the  Corfaires: 
Being  Cbrifiians  they  are  fubje<9:  to  the  Metropolitan  of  Scio,  and  are 

§overned  by  their  own  ^rcbontes,  and  admire  their  own  poor  FreC' 
om.     2.  The  Ifles  of  the  Cretan  Sea,  that  are  the  Bar  of  the  Arches,^ 
9.  The  Iflands  of  the  Jmian  Sea,  now  all  under  the  Venetian, 


Of  the  iEgean  Jjlet. 


TH  E  chief  of  thefe  Iflands  are,  1.  Negroprnt,  by  the  Greeks  called 
Egriposy  but  formerly  Macrisy  AhaKtis,An6  Eubaa-^  it  lyes  Eaft  of 
Achaia,  from  which  it  is  faid  to  be  once  feparated  by  an  Earthquake, 
which  made  the  narrow  Strait  called  Euripus,  whofe  ebbing  and  flow- 
ing is  not  only  feven  times  a  day,  but  fometimes  11,12,  13,  14  times 
in  the  fpace  of  4  or  ^  hours-  This  Ifland  is  Queen  of  the  e/£^«tf»  Sea,  as 
well  for  fertility  as  greatnefs ;  about  a  100  miles  in  length,  and  2  j  in 
breadtbj  and  is  plentiful  in  Sheep,  Kids  and  Goats,  Fifli,  Wine  and 
Fruits,  and  all  other  provifions.  The  chief  City  is  l^e^roponty  or  Egripoty 
on  a  Peninfula  near  the  place  where  Chalet  flood,  a  place  formerly  of 
great  wealth  and  power,  and  fmce  fo  well  fortified,  that  it  cofl  the 
Turks  A.  D.  147  !•  40000  men  in  the  taking  of  it  from  the  Venetians ;:, 
there  S.Erizz,o  was  murdered ;  and  his  beautiful  Daughter  Sigtiora  Anna 
rcfufing  the  fplendid  Courtfliip  of  Mahomet,  was  hewn  in  pieces  by 
him.  2.  CariftusyViO^  Carijh,  hence  Columne  Carifia.  3.  The  Promon- 
tory CapberuSy  now  Doro,  where  Nmpltus  the  Father  of  PalemeJes  (ha^ 
ving  by  his  falfe  fires  infeveral  parts  of  the  lfland,ruined  and  deftroy- 
ed2oo  Gr/^fww Ships,  and  many  thoufand  men)  drowned  himfelf, be- 
caufe UlyJJiis  and  Diomedes  efcaped.  The  whole  Ifland  is  now  under 
the  Turks, 

2,  Stalaminey  once  Lemnotj  memorable  for  the  fabulous  fall  of  f'^ulcan, 
and  for  the  Entertainment  of  Jafon  and  the  Arjrovr.uts  by  Ilypfv^yle, 
Daughter  to  King  Thoasy  Son  of  Bacchus  and  Ari-ulne ;  now  noted  for  a 

-     Sove- 


■A?S 


Of  Gruce. 


P'X 


Sovereign  Mineral  Earth  againft  Infe(aions,Poyfon,ancl  cures  Wounds, 
■&c.  it  is  gathered  Augu^  Cxb.  by  the  Greek  Monks  with  much  Ceremo- 
fiy,  and  many  Religious  Preparations,  arid  made  into  fmall  Pellets  feal- 
ed  with  the  Turks  Seal,  and  called  Terra  SigiSatay  and  fo  difperfed  to 
the  Merchants.  ;.  Scirosy  the  lurking  place  o^AchiUesy  as  Oritlius  con- 
ceives ;  others  think  it  to  be  one  of  CycUdeSf  more  Southerly.  ^.Jbajfms, 
now  Tajfo,  'tis  40  or  f  o  miles  in  compafs,  fruitful  in  Wine,  &c,  and 
Woody.  On  the  North  it  has  a  Town  fitu ate  upon  a  good  Harbour, 
y.  Samdthrace^  efua/i Samos  Tbracia,  formerly  Dardama  and  Leaco/ta  ^  it 
has  plenty  of  Honey  and  wild  Deer,  and  commodious  Harbours,  now 
much  infeftcd  by  Pyrates.  6.  Imbrus^  now  Umbro,  ten  miles  from 
■Samotbrace,  and  about  ;o  miles  in  compafs,  *t!s  Mountainous  toward 
the  Eaff,  and  has  a  well- watered  Plain  tothe  Weft.  7.  Ahnefus,  now 
jl.ar,:o.  8.  Scopelms,  now  SiU^elo.  9.  Sciat&us,  now  Siatfa,  of  which 
little  memorable. 

;.  The  Gulph  o^Sarov,  now  E^/«<«,haththefeIQands.  i.  Epna,  now 
Engiay  the  Country  of  «/£<7<-«i,who  was  fabled  to  be  Judg  of  Hell,with 
R,idamavthu!And  Minos  It  is  18  miles  in  compafs,  and  has  the  Town 
tyEgina,  that  confifhof  800  Dwelling-houfes,  and  from  the  Caftle  is  a 
finr^rofpecft ;  here  the  Greeks  and  Latins  have  each  a  Church.  Here  is 
plenty  of  Corn,  Cocten,  Honey,  Wax,  Almond,and  Carobs,  and  Red- 
legged  Patridge?.  Betwixt  the  Iflands  Afgefiri,  Metopi,  D(uronifa,  Moni^ 
and  it  felf,  is  a  Harbour  where  Ships  may  ride.  2.  Cophinidia  isS.  W. 
And  fo  is,  5.  Calabria^  now  Porus,  i Smiles  in  compafs,  now  inhabited 
by  Albamjes ;  here  Derncjthenes  was  bani(hed,and  poyfonedhimfelf  to 
avoid  the  Fury  of  Anttpater.  4.  Salamts,  now  Colouriy  yo  miles  in 
compafs  ;  it  has  three  Towers,  i  Colouri,  has  now  about  400  Per- 
sons. 2.  Metropisy  30  Houfes.  3.  Awbalachi^  near  this  was  the  ancient 
City  Salami,  near  which  was  the  Overthrow  of  Xerxes  his  Navy, 
where  200  of  his  Ships  were  funk,  and  moft  of  the  reft  taken  by  the 
yjtbtmafu,  S^c.  Here  alfo  was  the  Birth-place  of  vSWow,  and  the  Royal 
Seat  of  7c/;zwc«the  Father  of /^/ja;.  ^.  Lypfocalalia,  6.  Megala  Kira, 
and  Micra  Kir.},  two  Scoglio'sy  one  formerly  called  Kara,  on  which 
Xerxes  fat  in  a  S:her  Tbroie  to  behold  the  fight  of  the  NavicF.  There 
are  other  fmatl  Iflands  and  ScngUo's  which  I  omit  for  brevity's  fake. 
The  Inhabitants  of  thefe  Iflands  had  a  f^ayvo  'e  and  a  CaddJ,  but  now 
rhey  are  left  to  themftlvts^  and  pay  fhe  Captain  haijia'/8^3  DoHais 
for  all  Duties. 

4  TheC;tA/^/f.f,  now  thelflands  of  the/rc.6fjj  the  chief  are,  i.  D - 
/('/,  foi    e  ly  Ort;gUi,  now  S.  Deli,  becAufe  it  comprehends  the  Ifland 
Rbineia  Weft.  It"  is  now  defoUtc^  though  formerly  noted  for  the  re- 
ception 


inds, 
emo- 
feal- 
edto 
con- 

and 
bour. 

now 
from 
:>ward 

,  now 
which 


Of  Gmct* 


2 


t 


.ira. 


T.  D- 


ception  of  Lato»af  where  llie  was  delivered  otJpoBo  and  Diatta»  Apollo 
had  here  a  Temple,  and  the  circumjacent  Iflands  called  CyckdisQti' 
dowed  \t,  and  fent  prefents  to  it.  2.  Mycone,  or  UvmvQ^,  4  miles  diOant 
Eaft,and  30  miles  in  Circuit.The  Inhabitants  are  all  Pyrates,yetChrifti- 
ans,  and  have  30  Greek  Churches,  and  a  Latin  one.  The  Women  are 
handfome,  but  not  chafte.  Here  is  plenty  of  Corn  and  Wine,  but  little 
Wood  and  Water.  They  are  Tributaries  to  the  Turks,     j.  Terns,  now 
Ttiia,  formerly  fiydrufa,  and  Opbiufa,  itlyeth  high,  being  a  large  heap 
of  Marble  Rocks,  but  in  many  places  covered  with  a  fertile  Soil.  Its 
chief  Town  ftandis  in  the  middle  of  the  Ifland  on  a  poimed  Rock,  on 
the  higheft  part  whereof  is  the  Caftle, which  afFordeth  a  curious  Pro- 
fpeAover  moft  part  of  the  Archipelago.  Here  the  Venetian  General  of  the 
Archipelago  refidea.  4.  Tberamnia,  Poljagos  o(  old,  in  moft  Maps  Fermen~ 
ta ;  it  is  much  frequented  by  Paraly ticks,  Lame,  &c.  by  reafon  of  its 
many  Baths  and  hot  Springs  that  are  very  Diaphoretick.    f.  Seripbosy 
by  the  Greeks  Serfo,  In  moft  Maps  Serpbanto,  it  hath  a  Town  and  Har* 
bour  on  the  South-fide,  with  a  Convent  of  Greek  Monks.  6.  Paros,  or 
Fario,  form  erly  TaStya  and  Mima,  famous  for  its  good  Air,  and  excel- 
lent Marble ;  it  was  dedicated  to  Bacchus,  becaufe  Wine  is  here  no  mora 
than  Twelve-pence  a  Barrel ;  under  the  Marble  Mountain  is  a  Grotta 
with  Figures  of  aH  forts  of  Woods,  Groves,  Trees,  Pillars,  and  rare 
Poetical  Fancies,  framed  by  the  falling  of  Water  congealed  into  Mar- 
ble, which  by  Candle  light  is  a  moft  furprizing  Workmanftip  of  Na- 
tiire.    7.  Siphanto,   hath  ten  Villages,  famous  for  excellent  fruit,  and 
beautiful  Women.  Here  is  a  Monaftry  in  which  the  Greek  Nuns  are 
firft  initiated.  8.  Argentera,  from  a  Mine  of  Silver,  by  the  Greeks  Ktf^Ks, 
by  Ptolomjf  and  Straho  Kiya\i(,  it  hath  fome  Inhabitants.  9.  Alilo,  'tis 
faid  to  have  one  of  the  beft  Ports  of  the  World,  now  a  refuge  for  Cor- 
fairs*  10.  Bello'Pola,  or  Ifila  Brugiala,  becaufe  burnt  and  blown  up  noc 
many  years  fince  with  Subterraneous  fires.  ij./^fiJros,oncQ  Cauros  and 
Amandros.     1 2.  Nazos,  no\y  Necfia,  or  Nixia,  of  old  In/ula  Veneris  and 
Dyonijia,  remarkablcfor  the  goodnefs  and  plenty  of  its  Wines,  and  for 
the  excellent  Marble  0/)*&/f«.  13.  Cbia,  or  Cbeos,  now  Zea,  with  others 
of  lefs  note. 

5".  Tl  "parades,  from  rn^^a,  becaufe  fcattered  in  the  Sea;  the  prin- 
cipal are  12  in  number,  1.  A[irypalea,  now  St ampalia.  i.Anapbe,  now 
Namfio.  3.  Helen  J,  now  Macronifa,  where  }^aris  enjoyed  the  fair  Helena. 
4.  Sos,  where  Homer \i£a\d  to  be  buried,  f.  LaguJ'a.  6.  Fhocufa.n,  pbje- 
cajia.  8.  Pbilocandros,  9.  Scbinufa.  10.  Strybia.  luThera,  the  Birth- 
place of  the  Poet  Callimacbus,  12.  Gierra,  &C. 


pp 


60     Cytberaf 


"Tn--^  ■■■-/,■-'■ 


ft9o 


Of  nrieii, 


'  6.  Cjtberat  now  Gerigo,  S.  of  Adorea  the  Birth-place  of  Fems  and  Hlr- 
/«ff4.  It'siU  peopled,  of  a  barren  and  Mountainous  Soil ;  it  has  plenty  of 
Sheep, Hares  and  Fowls,  efpecially  Turtles,  Genus's  beloved  Birds.  On 
the  South  it  has  a  Town,  and  a  good  Harbour  on  the  Eaft-Point  St.  Ni^ 
colo.  Here  was  the  Temple  of  Fenusy  out  of  which  Hdena  was  ftolen. 
On  the  South  are  the  Scoglws  Ovo  and  Cerigotto.  The  reft  of  the 
Iflandsof  the  ty^gean  Sea  we  (hall  refer  to  the  defcription  of  Af  a  Mi- 


nor. 


The  Cretan  Idands ;  x.  Candia,  formerly  Hecatompoltf,  MacronnefuSf 
Uta,  Tekbinia  and  Creta.  It  is  feated  in  the  mouth  of  the  t^gean  Sea, 
at  the  Entrance  of  the  jichipelago,  in  fight  of  j^fia  and  Africa ;  fo  ad- 
vantageoufly  fituated,  th&t  Jrifiotle  faid  it  was  the  only  proper  Seat  of 
an  Univerfal  Empire.  It  is  above  270  miles  in  length,  and  about  fo 
in  breadth.  It  hath  been  famous  for  the  Wars  of  the  7/f<»»/ againft  the 
Gods;  for  its  excellent  Ships  and  Archers ;  for  the  Bull  that  raviihed 
Europa ;  for  the  Amours  of  Pa/ipbae  &nd  Ariadne ;  for  the  cruelty  of  the 
Minotaur ;  for  the  Government  oi  Saturn  \  for  the  Habitation  and  Se- 
pulchre of  Jupiter  ;  for  the  Laws  of  Minos  and  Rhiidamantbm  ;  for  the 
Labyrinth  of  Dadalus ;  and  many  other  things  the  Inhabitants  boaft  of; 
but  there  is  no  belief  of  men  that  were  always  accounted  Lprs,AS  Tit.  1. 1 2. 
outof  Epimenides.  Anciently  it  had  an  100  Cities,  40  remaining. in  the 
time  of  Vtolomy,  i,  Gnojjm,  no'W  Cimfus.  2.  Cydon,  now  Canea,  Mater 
Orbium,  hence  Voma  Cydonia,  now  Adam*s  Apples,  j.  Eleutbera,  or  £7- 
tbraa.  4.  Miletum,  named  2  Ttm,  4.  20,  with  Ail.  27.  7,  8,  &c.  and 
17 .    y.  Gortynay  hence  Spicuta  Gortyntay  their  beft  Arrows.  6.  Di- 


21. 


S:amnum.  7.  Ampelus.  8.  Minoa^  now  A'Uemara.  The  chief  Mountains 
are,  i.  ldayi\\Q  higheft  in  the  Idand,  now  called  P/iloriti,  from  the  top 
whereof  may  be  difcerned  both  Seas.  2.  Di^ey  now  Setbia  and  Lafibi. 
3 .  Leuciy  a  long  Chain  of  Hills  called  of  late  di  Madara,  la  Spbacbia,  and 
la  Sfacioces.  The  Rivers  are  none  of  them  Navigable,  but  the  defed: 
is  fupplied  with  good  Harbours  and  Bays.  The  Mttllet  Scarus  was  a  great 
i?;o»»<?«delicacy.lts(l;ommoditiesareMufcadelWine,Sugar,Sugar-candy, 
Hony,  Wax,  Gum,  Olives,  Dates,  Ralfins,  but  little  Corn.  This  Ifland 
was  firft  Governed  by  Saturn,  then  by  Jt^pifer,  who  was  Interred  at 
GnoJ[os\  then  fucceeded  Minos  his  Son,  begotten  on  Europa  ;  after  that 
the  Ifland  wasCjoverned  by  a  Republick ;  and  in  the  time  of  Fompey  the 
Great  it  was  fubdued  by  the  Romans  ;  then  the  Emperors  oiConflanti" 
mpk  were  Mailers  of  it ;  after  it  was  given  to  Boniface  M.  oi  Montferrat, 
who  parted  withic  to  the  Femtians  Anno  Dam.  1204.  But  the  Turks  in. 
the  year  1669,  after  a  War  of  24  years  quire  expelled  the  Venetians, 
and  fo  became  Maflersof  it.  This  Ifland  is  now  divided  into  four  Ter- 
ritories, 


He- 
yof 
On 

Ni" 

lien. 

the 


Sea, 


!i<iitii<"<m^  I  I  j.iipii.iii^qfipi|pnppf^q|pppp! 


OfQwM- 


>9< 


ricories,  which  bear  the  Name  of  fo  many  Principal  Cities,  vizjCandin, 
Canea^  Retimo,  &nd  Sittia.  The  ^r'lncipaWortrettes  iltq  Grakates,  SiiJa, 
and  Spinalonga,  held  by  the  Venetians.  CanMa,  the  Capital  City,  fo  ftrong 
by  Artand  Nature^that  it  was  the  Bdwark  of  Chriftendom,  and  main- 
tained it  felf  againft  many  long  and  defperate  Sieges  of  the  Turks,  be- 
fore it  furrendered  to  them.  Other  Iflands  are,  2.  Claude,  Adt.  27.  16. 
now  Goz,a.  ;.  Dia,  now  Standia,  4.  Lefo^,  now  Chri^ind.  5*.  vSgilia, 
now  Cecerigo,  Crete  had  one  Archbifhop,  and  eight  Bifliops. 

Ti&^  Ionian  Ijlands. 

I.  rjTAnty  anciently  Zacynthus,  in  North  Lat.  36.  degr.  30.  min. 
X  J  The  Town  is  ftretched  along  the  fhore,  and  is  very  popu- 
lous, according  as  the  reft  of  the  Ifland,  that  has  yo  Towns  and  Vil- 
lages, fome  Springs ;  it  is  infetted  with  frequent  Earthquakes.  The 
Greek  Church  is  here,  as  in  other  places,  undsr  the  Venetiariy  much  La- 
tiniz,ed  in  their  Dodrine,  though  they  hate  the  Church  of  Row^  The 
Latins  have  here  a  Bifhop,  and  divers  Churches  and  Convents.  The 
Englijh  have  a  Fa<ftory,  but  no  Priefi,  as  in  other  places,  and  they 
feem  to  the  Natives  to  live  wichout  Religion,  to  die  without  hope, 
as  they  are  buried  wichout  decency,  to  the  difgrace  of  our  Reformed 
Church,  and  the  great  fcandal  of  them  that  are  without.  Here  is 
plenty  of  Currans,Wine,Oyl,  Melons,  and  other  good  Fruits.  i.Stra- 
f  hades,  two  Ifles,  f  o  miles  South  oiZant  j  here  live  many  Greek  Monks, 
well  fortified.  3.  Cepbalonia,  formerly  Samos,  Malena,  and  tcleboe  5 
'tis  120  miles  in  Circuit,  the  greateft  Ifle  in  UlyJJes  Kingdom.  Ar- 
gopli,  a  large  Port  every  way  Land-lockt,  the  Refidence  of  the  yene- 
tian  Froveditor;  the  chief  Town  is  Cefalona,\t  affbrdeth  abundance  of 
Currans,  Wine,  Oyl,  &c.  Thiaki,  four  or  five  miles  over-againft 
Port  Pefcarda,  it  affords  abundance  of  Curran?.  y.  Ithaca,  for- 
merly Dalichium,  nOW  Valde  Compare,  the  Birth-place  of  Ulyjfes  now 
without  Inhabitants,  yet  it  has  good  Currans.  6.  Ecbmades,  five 
Scoglio's,  now  called  Curz,olari  at  the  mouth  of  the  River  Achekus ; 
near  thefe  were  fought  the  Battels  of  AUium  and  Lepanto.  7.  St.  Mauro, 
by  the  Greeks  Lucas  Leucada,  and  Nerilos ;  'tis  feparated  ftomAcarna- 
nia  by  a  Streight  of  five  Paces  over,  and  three  or  four  foot  deep  in 
water;  the  Caftle  is  ftrong,  called  St.  Mauro,  Delivered  up  to 
General  Morofini,  July  1684.  The  Port  is  good,  and  named 
Chimeno,  and  the  IQand  Leucas  ;  'tis  inhabited  with  Turks  and  Greeks^ 
moft  are  Pyraces ;  'tis  thirty  or  forty  miles  in  Compafs^  and  fruitful 

P  P  i  in 


%^m 


Of  GraHe.  y 


in  Com,  Piftore,  Oranges,  &c.  S.  C^fu  ,  (ormcrly  Ccn^a,  iS'o 
miles  in  Coinpafi,  but  lor  &  Rock  Weft,  the  Town  would  be  almoft 
knpcegnabk ;  iki  the  Caftle  £aft  refides  the  Venetian  General  by  Sea 
atid  Land,  to  whom  the  other  Iflands  appeal.  The  Ruined  Towns  are 
Cktffiapiay  now  Csjfopo.  2.  Cberfapdit,  now  p4»Iaopoli;  here  arealfo  the 
Gardens  diAkmous^  &c.  The  Inhabttants  are  very  revengeful ;  here 
is  plenty  of  Wine,  OyXy  and  Fruits,  but  little  Com.  The  Greeks  have 
here  a  Proto-pafpa  ifubjeA  to  the  Bifiiop  of  Cepbahnia,  but  the  Latins 
have  a  Bifhop.  Thus  much  for  the  Gracian  Iflands  in  the  t/fgaan, 
Cretan,  and  Ionian  Seas.      . . 


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IJ* 


.%iS  ^|^*^^Vn.Sk.V'.j,.wi  '^u 


2^r 


The  prefent  State  of  the  Comtrtesy  Forts^ 
and  other  Places  ^  which  belong  to  the 
Europeans  in  the  Weft  and  Eaft  Indies. 

TH  ERE  wereatfirftbut  two  Nations  in  Earope  thatSuccefs- 
fully  undertook  long  Voyages  by  Sea,  or  who  fcnt  Colonies 
into Diftant Climates:  The Sf'^wwr^/j  toward  the  Weft,  and 
the  TortugaU  into  the  Eaft.  Thcfe  alfo  obtained  from  Pope 
Alexander  the  Sixths  a  Donation  of  all  Lands  undifcovered  ;  but  the 
other  Europeans  were  not  fatisfied  at  the  Pope's  Liberality ;  for  theJSIw- 
gUffiy  Dutcby  and  French,  would  alfo  have  their  fliare  j  fince  which  time 
there  have  been  feveralChanges  in  thofe  Countries ;  that  Rigor  which 
the  PortugaUnd  Spaniard  udsd  to  exclude  all  other  Nations,  ferving  on- 
ly to  deftroy  themfelres. 

The  French  have  firft  in  Canada,  Montreal,  the  Three  Rivers,  Quebec, 
Tadoufac,  and  other  Places  upon  tlie  great  River  of  St.  Laurence,  and 
upon  Sufferance  or  Incroachment,  they  pretend  to  that  which  we  call 
Nova  Scotia^  the  IJlanddf  Cape  Bret  an.  In  New-found-Land,  they  have 
Bay  Plaifance,  and  Bay  Blamlho. 

2.  Among  the  Iflands  called  Antilles,  part  of  St.  Cbrifophers,  St.  BaV" 
tholomews, Santa  Cruez,  St.  Martins,  Guadaleupe,  La  Defirke,  Maria  Galante, 
Lis  Saintes,  Martinique,  St.  Aloifia,  Grenada,  and  the  Grevadins,  La  Tortite, 
and  feveral  Colonics  in  the  Weftern  part  of  the  Spani^  Iflandj  other- 
wife  called  SanBo  Domingo.  % .,  Upon  the  Southern  Continent  of  Ame- 
rica upon  theCoaft  of  Guyana,  the  Ifland  of  Cayene,  where  ftands  the 
Fort  St.  Michael  de  Ceperoux,  now  called  Fort  St.  Louis :  The  Iflands  of 
Corou,  Coonama,  Comorih,&cc.  4.  The  Trade  of  the  Coaft  of  Africa,  up- 
on the  Rivers  o{ Senega) where  they  have  a  Fort:  A'fo  upon  the  River 
of  Gambia,  at  Ruffque  near  CapeVerd,  at  great  Se/lre,  at  Ardra,  and  ma- 
ny other  places  in  Guinie.  f.  Fort  Dauphin,  and  many  other  Fortrefles 
in  the  Ifland  of  Madagafcar,  called  by  them  the  Dauphin  Ifland.  The 
in.mds  of  St.  Marie,  Bourbon,  and  Diego  Rots ;  The  Bereaux,  new  Suraf, 
aud  other  places  in  the  Moguls  Country.  In  the  Kingdom  ofTmquiny 
at  Siam,  in  the  Ifland  of  Java,  and  in  other  places. 

The  Spaniards  polTefsthe  largeft  and  beft  part  of  all  A?»erica,  where 
they  have  a  great  number  of  Cities:  i.  In  Northern  America,  New 
Spain,  where  are  the  Parliaments  of  Mexico,  Guadalairaand  Gu3timala\ 
tliQ  Iflands  of  Cuba,  Uifpanida,  Boriqmn,  Sec.  beficlesSt.  Auflins,  and  St. 

AlctibiWi 


«<>.• 


19*  Of  theEAfiandWefi.Mies. 

Matthews  in  Fieri Ja,  and  fome  part  of  New  Mexico.  In  Southern 
America^  the  GoUen  Cafitle^  otherwife  called  the  Continent,  where  are 
the  Parliaments  of  Panama^  and  of  the  new  Kingdom  of  Granada,  Peru, 
where  are  the  Paliaments  of  Quito,  Lima  and  de  la  Plata.  Cbtli  and 
Paraguay,  which  comprehends  the  Country  oiTucuman,  and  de  la  Plata, 
The  Iflands  alfo  of  Solomon  in  the  South  Sea.  3.  All  along  the  Coaft 
of -/4fr/V<?upontheSea-fliore,  Laracbe,  MabamortiAnA  the  Canaries,  4.T0- 
ward  the  Eaft,  molt  part  of  the  Philipine  IJlands,  otherwife  called  the 
ManiUts.  They  had  alfo  fome  part  of  the  Mde^ues,  but  thefe  they  have 
long  Hnce  quitted. 

The  Portuguefes  enjoy  all  the  Coaft  of  Bra/il  in  Southern  America,iind 
all  along  upon  that  Coaft  the  Captainfhips  of  Para,  Maranbaon,  Ciara, 
Rio,Grande,Paraiba,Tamaracba,Pernambuco,Seregippe,BaiaJe  Todos  loi  San- 
tos,  Los  Ifleos, Porto  Seguro,  Spirit 0  Santo,  Rio  Jattetro,  &  San  Vincent e.  To- 
wards the  mouths  of  the  Amazon  River,  kfiero,  Corduha  and  Cegemine. 
2.  In  Africa,  upon  the  Coaft  of  the  Kingdom  of  Morocco,  Ma^agan. 
Some  Forts  upon:the  River  of  St.  Dominic  ;  Upon  the  Coafts  of  Guiny, 
Congo  and  Angola ;  and  certain  Habitations  in  the  JJland  of  St.  Thomas, 
The  Azores,  Madera,  undi  Porto-Santo.  The  Ijlands  ot  Cape  rerd,Sin6  of 
the  Prince  Fernando  Poo,  Annabon^^c.  5.  Several  Places  in  the  Eafi-In- 
Mes,v\z.  Cafreria,  upon  the  Coaft  of  Manamotopa,  the  Caftle  of  Sofala, 
the  Village  of  Sena,  a  Fadory  with  a  little  Fort  at  Cape  C  rientes,wit[i 
other  ftrong  Houfes  upon  the  Entries  of  Guama,  and  the  Rivers  upon 
the  Coaft.  In  Zanguebar,  which  is  upon  the  Coaft  oiMelinda.  The  City 
and  Caftle  of  Mozambique, with  the  ftrong  Fort  of  St.  Mark ;  FaAories, 
and  fome  little  Forts  at  Angoxa  and  Quillimarre,    The Caft  le  of  Quikay 
and  a'  Fadory  in  the  Ijlands  Monfia.  The  City  and  Caftle  of  Mombaz, 
the  Caftle  of  Melinda,  with  the  Villages  and  Fadories  of  Pale,  and 
Ampaze.    TheTradeof  the  Coaft  of  ^/r/t^,  from  the  Cape  of  Good^ 
Hope  to  the  Red-Sea,     In  the  Ifland  Zocotora,  at  Aden,  Fartarch  and  liaU 
fara.  In  Perfia,  Fadories  and  half  the  Cuftoms  of  the  IJland  of  Baha^ 
rem  and  Congue :  the  Traffick  to  Benderrich,  to  Cape  Jajefues  and  other 
places.  In  India  belonging  to  the  Great  Mogul,  Damaen,  with  the  Forts 
of  St.John,  Kielme,  Matrt,  and  BaramporBecaim^  the  Fort  Bander  a, othQT' 
wife  called  Mamra,  the  Village  of  Tana  fortified  with  three  Baftions; 
the  Rock  of  Ajlerim,  Ougueli  upon  the  Ganges  ;  the  Trade  of  Agra, 
Amadabat,  Cambaye,  Surat,  Baroche,  Bengala\  and  in  Decan  they  have 
Chaui  with  the  Forts  of  Morro,  Caranga,  the  Village  of  MajJ'agon.    Gca 
with  her  FortrelTes  in  the  Country  of  Bardes,  and  the  Ijlands  of  Cor  an 
-and  Dix/^r,and  fome  other  Lands  about  GM.Upon  the  Coaft  of  China, 
Macao,    In  the  IJland  Solor,  the  Vill-ige  and  Fort  cf  Larentoi^ue :  The 
•  .  Traffick 


OftheEaftdndlVeJI'Indies^  i^f 

Traffickof  Vtrfia,  Gokonda  Araean  Vegu^anacerin^  Ligor^  OMa^  and  Other 
Places  of  SiafftfCamhoya^zrid  the  Ifland  ofTimor.  :r..    w.    -t-    r      • 

The  E*>gliPi  have  extraordinarily  augmented  their  Territories  inr 
America.  They  Trade  to,  and  polTefs  all  the  Northweft  p^rt  of  Jmencn^ 
New-Tor k J  New-Jerfeyj  Venfilvaniay  Mary-Landy  Virginia^  Carolina,  Ncw- 
England,  moft  part  of  the  Ifle  of  New-found- Land ,  all  Bermudas,  Long- 
IJland,  Manbatten,  now  New-Tork,  &C  Of  the  Lucaya  Ifles,  as  New. 
Providence,  &c.  Among  the  Southward  Ifles,  Barbadoes,  Barbouda,  An' 
guilla,  part  of  St.  Chrifiofhers,  Montferrat,  Mevu,  Antigo,  Dominico,  and 
part  of  St.  Vtncent,  St.  Katherine's  l(le,  called  the  Ifland  of  Providence^ 
Jamaica,  and  Trinity  IJle.  The  Holy  point.  They  had  fome  Colonies  ir> 
Surenam,  Maroni,  Sinamari,  &c.  with  fome  Forts  upon  the  Coaft  of 
Guyana.  In  Africa,  Tangier,  near  the  Streights.  Fort  St.  Andrew  upon 
the  River  of  Gambia.  Fort  St.  Philip,  toward  the  River  St.  Dominico. 
Tagrin,  Madrebomba^  TaxoraripCape  Corjjo,  Emacham,  or  Nefcbange,  and 
other  places  in  Guinea,  and  the  Ifland  of  St.  HeUens.  Madrefpatan,  and 
Fort  St.  George  upon  the  Coaft  of  Cormandel.  The  Ifland  of  Bombay,  An- 
gediva.  A  Factory  at  Suratt  and  Bantam,  with  Houfes  where  the  Prefi' 
dents  live.  They  have  alfo  Factories  at  Jfpahan  and  Gombru,  where  they 
have  half  the  Cuftoms:  a  Trade  at  ^^j^r*?,  Amadabat,  Cambaya,  Brodra, 
Barocbe,  Dabul,  Pettapoli^  Majfipatan,  at  Balafor,  Oguely,  andar  Dacam 
Bengal,  &tPrianam  &n6  Jamby  in,  Sumatra.  In  Siam,  Camboya,  Tunijuin, 
and  the  Ifland  Formofa, 

The  Hollanders  Were  expelled  out  of  their  New-HolJand  in  America. 
However  they  ftillpoflefsthe  Iflands  of  St.  Eujtace,  Saba,  Curacco,  where 
they  have  the  Fort  Amfterdam,  and  Toboge,  or  New-Flu^nng,  if  not  late- 
ly beaten  out  by  the  French.  The  City  of  Coro  upon  the  firm  Land.  The 
Colonies  of  Rio  Poamaron,  where  there  is  the  New  City  of  Middleburg, 
and  the  Fort  Nova  Holland ia.  Rio  Efe^uebe,  a  wide  and  great  River,  at 
whofe  mouth  lyeth  three  great  Iflands,  ViZ,.  Lugewaen,  Magrieten,  and 
P^rro^j  Ifland.  Higher  up  the  River  are  feven  other  Iflands,  and  ".riher 
up  the  River  is  the  Fort  K/c^-ox'fr-^//.  Rio  Demarary,  andRiver  ^«r^ie- 
Z.OS.  The  Colony  of  Soronam ,  where  is  the  Fort  Pamanbo.  The 
River  Capervjca,  or  Aperruvaca,  and  the  River  ffinypoco,  or  Tfaia- 
poco,  and  other  places  upon  the  Coaft  of  Guyana.  In  Africa,  Arguin, 
and  Goree,  toward  Cape  Verd,  where  they  have  a  Fort  and  Facftoties  at 
Rujifque,  at  Porto  d'Ale,  and  Joal.  St.  George  of  the  Mine,  the  Forf'ot* 
the  Mine,  the  Fort  of  IS!af/iiu,  or  Moure,  Cormentin,  Axime,  andBotrco 
in  Guin)  upon  the  Gold  Coaft.  Many  Forts  in  Congo ;  &c.  at  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope,  and  at  Table  Bay  tvAk) Forts  more,  in  the  Iflands  of  A/^/^'j- 
gafcarznd  St. Maurice  Upon  ihQQQdL^ofMalahavpr.Gr^iiarcdorjMangaLr, 

Canar.or, 


■MM 


•>      I 


iq5 


Of  the  Edft  iHd  mjl  Indies. 


.»■ 


CananoryCrangamrjCocbinjCoulan.  Upon  theCoaft'of  CormantieffTutieorifi, 
NegapatanfKarkal/e^And  Gutldrts  neatPalJtcafe.ln  the  Ineiian  Peninfula  be- 
yond Ganges,  Malacca  with  (he  Forts  and  Ifland  belonging  to  it.  In  the 
Ifland  of  CeyloH, NegombOfColomh^Ga^e,  Baticah,  Trinjmltmal^,yafmpa' 
.  tatty  and  a  Fortre(s  called  Blakenkurg  in  the  Ifland  of  Manar.  In  the  Ifland 
oijavayjacatray  called  Bataviay  and  its  Dependencies.  The  Ifle  jimfter- 
dam,  Leydefi,  MuidUhurg,  Delft,  Ettckyfen  and  Horn.     The  Ifle  or  Bt-' 
ttta,  part  of  the  Molucca  JJlatuh.    in  Ternato,  the  Forts  Tacomma,  Ta- 
lucco,  Malaya  ,  and  Gammalamme.    In  Motir,  the  Fort  of  Naffau  : 
In  Macaian,   T^ffafo,   TabilloUa,    Naflatjuia,    otherwife  Nabaca,   and' 
Maurice,     In  Bacbian,  Gammadere,  and  Lahoia*     In  G/A^/e,  ^<7^(;'/  and 
Coma,    In  the  Ifland  of  AmboynayCoubella  and  loi/ztf.    In  the  £W<i 
JJIands,  NaJJ'au  ,  and  5f«^w  in  Neray  and  Revenge  in  Vowkway,    The 
Redoubt  Hittow  in  the  lue  Hittow,    In  the  ^«»//  e/  ^o/cr,  For/  f/f«7, 
Forf  Janpaudam,  otherwife  called  Roterdam  near  the  City  o^MacaJJar, 
The  Iflands  of  ^^-vo  and  Boc^nesir  Macajjar,  with  another  Fort  in 
Timor,    Part  of  the  Southern   Land,  which  is  called  New  Holland, 
where  lies  Carpentaria,  the  Lands  of  Diemens,  Witz.,  Endracht,  Edels, 
Lewin,  and  Nuttz,.  Several  FaAoriesin  Per/ia,  as  atCombru,  Congoi  and 
Jfpahan.  In  the  Territories  of  the  Grwr^tgw/ at -<^_^r<r,  Amadahat,  Cam- 
hay  a,  Baroche,  Surrat,  Ogueli,  Kafan  Bafar,  Daca,  Vatna,  and  Bipilipatan 
In  Decan  it  Fingerla,  mCoromandel',  itTsnega-patan,  itGoleonda,  Maf- 
lipatan,  Valicate,  Datjcberon,  and  Binccla-patan.     In  Vegu  at  Ava  and 
Siriam.  In  Siam  at  0//w.  In  the  Ifland  of  Sumatra,  at  Tttoti,  Priamam,  In- 
dapout,  Gillebar,  Jambi,  Palinbam,  and  other  places.  In  the  Ifland  of  Ja- 
va at  Bantam  and  Japatra.  In  the  IJland  of  Celebes  at  Manadaand  Ma- 
cajj'ar,  '  The  Trade  of  the  Ifland  of  Zocotora.  Upon  the  Coaft  of  Arabia, 
At  Mecca.  Aden,  and  Fartacb,  Inthe  IJlands  of  Larek,  Re/em,  and  others 
near  to  Ormus.  At  Porca,  and  raoft  parts  of  Malabar.  At  Orixa  in  Bif- 
negar,  in  Aracan,  in  Pfg«.    At  Tanaz.ertm,  at  Pfr<i,  atThor,  Paban,  Pa- 
tane,  Singora,  Bordelongy  Ligor,  on  the  Coaft  of  Malabar.   At  Tunefiiin, 
Chincheo,  and  other  places  of  CA/W;  And  at  Kima  in  the  Ifland  of 
Borneo,  At  Naugueja^ue  neur  Japan.   And  excluding  all  other  Nations, 
they  pretend  to  the  only  Trade  upon  tke  Oriential  Coifi  of  Sumatra, 
Japan,  Amboyna,  Balli,  and  other  places. 

The  Danes  have  alfo  Colonies  in  botl^he  Indies.  They  have  Naw 
Denmark  in  the  Northern  part  of  Atmrica.  The  Fort  of  Frederick 
Burgh,  with  three  Baltions  that  Command  Cape  Corfo  in  Guiny  ;  and 
the  Caftle  oichrijtiansburgh  hi  the  fame  Country  in  the  Kingdom  of 
Accata.Krankebar,  otherwife  called  Tr.'imgo  Baj,  and  Dansbw-gb  upon 

the  Coaft  of  Cormandd, 

Of 


^.* 


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Of 


^T^ 


1.,  '■.'<*.  ^ahrj'  !iflic 


.ci',v*\  .'i\  yy 


,'«, 


Money  commonly  is  the  me^n  tor  all  Commodities:  it  is  the  Si- 
news and  ftrepgth  of  a  Scace^chp  Lifeand  Soul  of  Commerce. 
Geometricians  fay,  That  two  Lines  equal,to  a  tl^ird  Line,  are  equal 
o.neto  another  $  lb  is  Money  a  tbiiidLineby  whtcball  things  are  made 
equal  in  Value,  not  Mdttria  prima,  becaufe  it  ferves  a^ually  to  no 
Ufe,  but  potentially  to  all. 

Coin  feemeth  to  come  from  the  Frntcb  ;  Coin,  a  Corner ;  for  the 
Ancienteft  fort  of  Coin  was  cornered,  not  round. 

The  firft  ufe  of  Money  was  to  fupply  every  mans  particular  wants 
by  a  Pledge  thereof.  .j   ,  ,      j    ,  ,  i'v«?tv  i  ' 

The  moft  Ancient  Money  was  of  the  pureft  Gold,  becaufe  it  had 
greatnefs  of  Weight,  clofenefs  of  Parts,  fixation,  pliantnels^  or  foft- 
ncTs,  immunity  from  RufV,  and  Beauty  or  Colour.  And  the  Alchi< 
mifts,  who  have  moft  vexed  that  Body,  fay,  that  'tis  harder  to  de« 
ftroy  Goldj  than  to  make  it.  Silver  is  next  to  it^  and  is  moredudlile 
than  any  other  Metal,  except  GoL4    ,>    •    ,. 

The  purenci.  ad  tinenels  of  Money,  and  the  weight,  is  obferva-  ' 
ble  for  the  intrinfick  value  thereof.  The  outward  Form  or  Chara> 
^er  of  the  Prince  or  State,  forthe  extrinfick  knowledge  of  Money. 
The  intrinfick  value  of  Money  or  Coin  is  fo  much  as  there  is  pure 
Gold  or  Silver  in  it,  in  /inenefs  and  weight.  As  for  Gold,  it  is  divi- 
ded into  24  parts,  called  Garrets;  fo  that  when  *tisfaid,  Gold  is  2^ 
Carrats  iine,  there  is  a  zyb  part  of  Allay  mingjed  with  it.  Or  if  22 
Carrats  fine,  then  there  is  a  12th  part  of  Allay,  &c,^he  Ancient 
Standard  of  Sterling  Gold  was  in  Edward  the  Third's  time  23  Car- 
rats ;  .  grains  and  one  half  of  fine,  and  half  a  grain  of  Allay. 
Dr.Cbamberlain  in  his  Prefent  State  of  England  faith,  'tis  now  22  Car- 
rats of  fine  Gold,  a^d  2  Carrats  of  Allay.  The  Silver  is  1 1  Ounces 
and  two  peAny  weight  fine,  and  18  penny  weight  of  Allay,  which 
^Ifo  agrees  with  what  that  Author  faith  tis  now. 

'Tis  manifeft  that  the  moft  proper  Meafu re  in  Nature  for  Gold  and 
Silver,  is  weight ;  and  the  Pracflice  of  Antiquity  doth  confirm  it  j  * 
for  the  Shekel,  Mina,  Talent,  and  Drachme,  bothof  the  Romans 
and  Grecians,  were  the  names  of  feveral  forts  of  weight. 


<i;-A 


Qq 


-yr< 


bf 


«9i 


Of  Mof$eyor€om\ 

Of  tbi  Proportion  between  Gold  and  Silver  ^ 


This  proportion  muft  needs  differ  in  feveraT  times  sind  places^  accord- 
ing to  the  fcarcity  or  abundance  of  thofe  Metals ;  and  indeed  I  find 
much  variety  amongft  Authors,  what  it  was  amongft  the  Hebrews^  both 
as  to  Times  and  Interpretations.  P^mcr  alledges  the  fame  place&^to 
prove,  that  the  Proportions  were  2f  for  one,  which  other  Autbort  do 
aUedge  to  prove  it  to  be  aboTC 4^  for  one;  and  others  10  fijr  one^ 
*Tis  the  general  confent,  that  ih^the  times  of  .the  Flori/hing  of  the 
Gred4»  Commonwealchs,  thfe  Proportion  of  Silver  to  QoW  was  12  to 
And  Livy  tell  us,  that  the  e/^f«/w»i  agreed  with  the  Romms  to 


one. 


pay  ten  Talents  of  Silver,  inftead  of  every  Talent  j^  God. 

In  France  in  the  Year  1614.  the  Proportion  did  arifc  to  15,  want- 
ing about  a  feventh  part,  to  one  of  Gold. 

In  Germanj  in  the  Year  1610.  the  Proportion  held  13  for  one, 
fomeiimcs  a  little  more,  fcmeiimes  a  little  left. 

The  Proportion  in  Spain  hath  for  a  long  time  been  as  12  to  one. 
In  the  United  Provinces ,  by  the  Placcard    1622.  it  Was  about   12, 
and  two  thirds  fine  Silver  to  one  of  Gold.' 

And  in  England  m  thai/^th  Year  of  Q.Elizabetby  the  ancient  5/*r- 
ling  Standard  of  Gold  and  Silv^was  altered,  and  a  pound  of  fine 
Gold  valued  at  1 1 /.  of  fine  Silver,  and  7/.  10  </.  over.  And  in  the 
Second  Jaccbiy  the  Proportion  was  12  for  one,  bu t  after  raifed  by  Pro- 
clamation. The  Proportion  was  1 ;  /.  of  fine  Silver  to  i  /.  of  fine  Gold, 
at  24  Carrats  to  the  Pound :  afterwards  I  find  it  at  14  and  one  third. 
The  raifing  of  the  Price  of  Money  both  of  Gold  and  Silver,  as  it 
hath  been  ancient,  fb  it  hath  been  a  great  Confufion  and  uncertain- 
ty among  Coins;  for  the /4s,  which  was  Originally  coined  of  a  pound 
weight  by  the  Romans,  was  in  the  firft  Vunick  War  brought  to  two 
ounces,  and  the  lelTer  parts  of  it  were  abated  proportion  ably.  By  ?a- 
firius  it  was  reduced  to  half  an  Ounce.  The  Denarii  of  Silver  were 
at  firft  currant  for  10  As^  at  length  reduced  to  a  Drachma,  which  is 
8  in  the  Ounce,  and  the  leffer  parts  were  abated  in  proportion.  Af- 
terwards it  was  worth  16  As.  And  their  Solidiaurei  were  coined  of 
48  pieces  in  the  pound  ;  and  in  the  time  of  Jufiiman  they  were  72 
in  the  pound.  And  for  fome  hundreds  of  Years  moft  Princes  and 
Slates  have  vied  one  upon  another  who  fiiall  raife  their  Money  higheft. 

Bat  as  Money  was  firft  invented  and  chofen  to  be  the  Inflrumentof 
Exchange  and  Meafure  of  all  things,  to  avoid  the  trouble  and  charge^ 
able  Carriage  of  Commodities  from  one  place  to  another :  So  was  Ex- 
change 


■p^ 


■I 


■'M' 


Of^eK(ym^Ciiff*<K 


m 


m'  ' 

:ord- 

find 
both 
:e&co 
)ndo 

onCr 
jf  the 

!2  to 
arts  to 

want- 

r  one, 
ro  one. 

t*-'  ■ 

M'Ster" 
of  fine 
id  in  the 
by  Pro- 
leGold, 
e  third, 
^er,  as  it 
iccrtain- 
a pound 
c  to  two 

By  Fai- 
rer were 
which  is 
3n.  Af- 
oined  of 
were  72 
nces  and 
higheft. 
umentof 
cl  charge^ 
owasEx- 

ctiange 


change  of  Money  alfo  firll  dsWfed  to  av.'^i^  the  aaflger  and  adTciuur^ 
thereof  from  place  to  place.  ^^,       /  ri?  >• -;  .  ,. .   >  v  / ; 

By  the  Exchanges,  all  Princes  Coins  arQ  brought  into  one  and  the 
felf-fame  quality  and  parity ;  for  the  real  exchange  is  grounded  upon 
knowledge  of  the  Part  or  Value  for  Value  of  the  Moneys  of  eachfe- 
veral  Country  according  to  their  feveral  Standards,  abating  or  allow* 
ing^  according  to  the  Value,  Weight,  andFinenefs  of  the  fame,  and 
(b  r^Aifying  both  the  one  and  the  other  in  equality  and  true  value. 

Bjbt though  the  intrinfick  value  be  the  principal  Rule  by  which  Ex- 
ch;i(^nges  are  fquared,  yet  there  are  many  other  Circumftances  which 
do  vary  and  alter  the  Exchange :  As  the  Plenty  and  Scarcity  of  money, 
the  Occafions  and  Necefltties  of  Princes ;  lil^e  Trade  and  Cc  mmerce  of 
Merchants,  whofe  Eftates  being  continually  traverfed  from  one  Coun- 
try to  another,  and  from  one  Coin  to  another,  do  give  and  take  as  their 
occafions  and  the  Rules  of  the  Exchanges  conduce  to  their  profit. 
Hence  the  "Bankers  in /frf//,  Spam,  and  France,  bsine  thesreat  Takers 
and  DeTiverers  of  moneys  at  their  feveral  places  oFmeetmg,  do  con- 
cur in  fettiflg  the  Rates  and  Prices  of  Exdiange  for  their  own  Com- 
modity and  Advantage,  which  are  ieen  fo  varioufly  to  aker,  and  dai- 
ly to  riie  and  fall  by  thofe  that  ulc  this  Myftery;  fo  that  although  I 
have  given  the  common  Eftimate  of  Foreign  Coins  to  the  Standard  of 
Londvnf  as  they  are  commonly  valued,  yec  accoiding  to  the  Rules  of 
Exchange  they  wit' be  very  different 


mmmm 


Of  the  Roman  Coin. 


TH  E  General  Names  for  Money  among  the  Romans  are  three, 
Monet  a,  Nt$fnm^  Pecmia. 

Mmeta,  ^  whence  the  French  Mimno^e  )hecauCs  it  fhcweth  the  Au- 
thor, the  Value,  and  the  Time.  ~~    ,    - 

l^HtniiSj  or  N :4mm  Hi! ^  fiaich  l^o(/iusj  h  Nu^/ia,  or  rather  of  a  Greek  Ori- 
ginal e/jri  TK  i'o/!/«,  from  the  Law. 

PeciiniJ,  -Either  from  the  Images  of  Cattel  Oamped  upon  it,  or 
from  their  skin  out  of  which  money  was  Coined. 

The  Names  »if  ths  Brafs  money  among  the  Romans^  were  yl(,  t^acft 
t/4?5,  the  twelfth  part  of  a  Roman  penny,  value  of  our  money  ;  far- 
things; 5tfww,  half  an  ds\  Irtens,  i  third  of  an  ^j  j  Qu/^rarJ^ 
I  fourth  of  an  /is  j  Scitanf,  1  (ixch  of  an  //,  5  of  a  farthing,  &i\ 


Qq 


Roman 


» 


<    '     * 

T 


0/./^/rjRoraaB:Oif*v  0 


■-^: 


Mrthings;  benarius  the  new,  in  value  at  7<f,  half-penpy.  Sefitrtimh^ 
jng  2  and  ^  half  <»/?»,.  in  vaUe  i  </.  3  farthings  and  a  hi\^.  Bi^atus  i^a- 
'dratusf  having  the  Image  of  a  Chariot,  the  fame  with  a  Roman  new  De-^ 
'narius,FiS}ortafm  the  jm^S^,  of  Vi<^ry,  CiWed,  Quimrins,  in  value  ;</. 
5  farthipgSr  LMlax  ;jthe  i^nth  part  ol  ^the  Reman  penny,  in  y4ue  3,  wi- 
things.  Olidlies  the  fncth  part  of  the  R^pt/ft  Pfnari  1  d,  \,  ^  fb-  '-^y  -tr'  • 
*  Of  the  Roman  C^\6.  Coins,  there  was  the  Jmient  piece  or  Cof/ful^ 
of  a  /  of  Gold  in  value.  17  i.  id,  ^  farthings.  The  Emperor's  Coin 
or  Piece  5I  of  a  /.  of  Gold,  value  i  j*  j.  Half  a  Piece  called  ^uritu 
Drachfpalit  J  weighing  oaQprachKfe^VA\ueys.^.^,.TremtffiiTr$e»s,or  a 
third  part  of  the  Emperor'^  Coin,  value  y*.i        ' 

As  to  the  Coins  of  Gold  after  th^tr^nflatingpf  the  Seat  of  the  Em- 
pi  re  to  B)z,antiumy  I  find  thefe ;  Conflaniine  Pieces  of  Gold,  value  8  /.  16  </• 
;  farthings  and  f.  Thefe  were  currant  until  the  days  of  Valentinian, 
who,  as  alfo  Falens,  ArcaJius,  Honoriusy  and  others,  made  their  Coin 
fomewhat  heavier,  but  all  differed  little  in  the  weight  of  their 
Coins ;  the  Vakptinm  pk^e  ^f  ^^^^d,  called  Sext^lus,  w^^s.  ^c^Qqnfje^ 
'in  value  \oi^''\:r:'^'y:^:^\-.\:^.^^\,  --V.^^pn.*  ■  ■  .M)n'  virNu-r: 
.  Thechiefiiom<}»  Coins  valued  with  our  Money,  were  the  7<}/r»r»ffirj 
containing  24  Sefiertia,  6000  Roman  pente,  value  187/.  10 i.  Then 
the  Sefiertmm,  containing  1000  Sefierces,  was  valued  at  7  /.  16  /.  "^d. 
Libra  J  vel  pendo,  a  pound,  12  ounces,  96  drams,4p^rt  lefs  than  the 
Grecian  pound,  was  in  value  ;  /. 

\ .,  According  to  this  account  I  find  C<»/99i//Rrrhis  Fine,  fooo^^o  Pieces  of 
Brafs,  was  of  our  Money  1 J62  /.  10  i.  vide  Liv.  Lib.  6. 

So  Hcj[Ji>4s  the  Stage- player,  his  1000  Deneers  ot  Roman  ^ence,  his 
daily  reward,  was  ;i  /.  y  /.  vide  Macrob.  /.  3.  tf.  14. 

Thaii'i  6emAnd  o£  Demofibenes,  loooo  Deueers,  was  ;i2./.  10*, 
25*0000  Deneers  the  price  of  C/ccro's  Head  to  AntoniuSf  was  7812  /.  10  /. 

At  this  r^te  like  wife  was  the  Supper  of  Caligula,  valued  at  78125'  A 

And  Julius  Cafar  gave  unto  Sevilia  the  Mother  of  Brutus^  a  precious 
Stone,  which  he  boMght  60  times,  valued  at  4687  y  /.  The  Heap  of 
Brafs  rrioney  gathered  by  Curio  the  Son  of  Valerius,  viz.  Sexcentits.SeJier" 
tiumt,  value  4687  5*0  /.  Max.  lib.  9.  c.  i. 

t^fop  the  Tragedian  Stage-player  left  unto  his  Sen  Ducent its  Sufi er" 
#ff«m,  value  i5:6zyo  A 

And  the  Remains  of  Cr.^ffus^s  Wealth  after  the  lotb,  to  Hercules, 
and  his  Publick  Treat  of  the  People  of  Romey  and  had  given  to  all  the 
Citizens  3  Months  Corn^  were  7100  Talents,  value  13312^0  /.  .  , 


■■♦*• 


-i'  >> 


The 


■fp-^pp;^ 


wmmmmmmmmmm^ 


/ 


The  RoMOM  Treafury  taken  from  Captives  and  Enemies,  began  by 
Julius  Cafar^  was  Millies  Sefiert turn j  which  is  looooo  Thoufand  Sefi, 
or  I  Million  loo  M  ooo.  and  in  value  of  our  Money  was  7812^0  /. 
^  Emilius  Paulus  brought  into  the  Treafury  from  the  Macedonian  Cap- 
tives, Bis  Millies  Centtes,  that  is,  two  thoufand  hundred  thoufand  H.  S, 
or  5f/?crj,  valued  at  1 64062  y  /.         *    ^   «  'j^    ^  - 

The  Money  which  at  five  Triumphs  was  brought  unto  Julius  Cafar 
by  the  Captives,  was  Sexisi,  Millies  Sefi,  viz,,  fix  Millions  of  Millions, 
value  at  4682^00/. 

Lentulus  the  Southfayer  was  worth  before  the  Libertines  impoverifh- 
ed  him,  Quater  Millies  Sefiertium,  iri?.  4000  hundred  H.  S,  valued  at 
3x2^000^  ■  :■.';-... X'^'^^T-'-'^  -'-■''1  .»s;rr  hrtii6'ii'J"-.^'5n«A  a- 
,  Julius  Cafar.  in  the  beginning  of  his  Confulfhip,  took  out  of  the  Ca- 
pitol 3000  /.of  Gold,,  iand  put  in  fo  mUch  Brafs-money,  valued  at 
108000  /. 

Antiocbm  to  have  peace  with  the  Remans  paid  them  1000  Talents.^ 
value  2812500/. 

And  the  Tribute  laid  upon  the  Afians  by  Attonius  was  20000  Ta^ 
kftts,  value  37JOOOOP  /. 

,x^       Kotnarn  Li^id  Meafures  I  find  were 

CHtlearfive  • '     ■  — — »     ■   •  » « — »■■    ■  ■'"■ 

Ligulus  ''   '!i    •-'-  ■  -■  "   -  «  46080 

Cyathos  « •■■    '  — i— « — . 11 5*20 

Acetabulum  '    >     ■      ■'  -      ■  -'^  ■  7680  .. 

.   Quart arios  • ■         —     -  ■  — -  3  840 

.  -  Heminai .i.,.;-^...,  .,.,—.,-..-^1^20 

Sextarios    '  ^    ■  •  — •■~— « ~.>^.-.—  —-....  — ,  ^60  ,.  ■■ 
Congios  ■■        ■■■   ■■     »■■■'«■  160 

Modius."'     ■■     ■    ^».....«ii.      n..-       ■■   ■    60 
XJrna  ■  ■»--»'    ".  40 

Ampkora  ■     ■■  ■■  ■  ■'■— ^  20 

Cadus  '.  ^'^  •"  ""      -  ■  ■■  ■  "^     ■»    "i-i       i^g 

Cauleus  \»<  -         ■■-.!■  i 


The 


v: 


The  Komi^Meafures  of  Length  were. 

Digitus  ■   -   ■- — : ■■«ii  r       80000 

Pollux  "  .<   ■       I  ■rill     ,.i       ,  60000 

{the  Lefi  i  1,.      .,   .  20000 

the  Greater  ————  66661 


Talma 


Tti 


0/  Memfw  Coh. 


ly^^^  '  fit  ^mmm 

^'  :    Cubkm 


Greffus 
Fafus  — 
StaJum  — 


- ■ '  ■  '■  200O 
— ——  lOOO 
"-— TT— — ""  8 
—  — — I 


Their  Square  Meafures  were,  x.  AUus-minimm,  4  foot  broad,  and 
120  long.  viz,.  48c  Square  feet.  2.  Clima,  about  60  feet  Square.  %.Vorca, 
A  piebe  of  Land  ;o  toot  broad,  and  120  foot  long,  containing  3600 
Square  £eet.  4,  AHus  QmdrMtmyh^^  an  Acre,  or  4  Porca\  ^.Jugerum, 
an  Acre  of  Ground  in  length  240  foot,  in  breadth  no,  which  maketh 
28800  fqiim  feet.  6.  Centuria,  100  Acres,  or  11^20000  fquare  feet. 
7.  Saltttsy  a  Poreft  or  La<td  containing  4  Centuries,  cr  400  Acrest 

\  f ..'      A  TahU  of  tie  Romm  Pomti. 


:)i 


-n 


Granunt  —  6912 
Siliejua  — -  1728 
Obul^  — «—  J75 
Scrufulittn  ^  ■•»  288 
DraehpM  — —  96 

U»CM  -  ■      ■■*—  12 

I,/^4«  ■  ■      ■■         1 


Of  by  another  Au- 
thor thus  : 

Grains  —  yo4o 

Obch  — — '^64 

ViHoriatii — -^^  168 
Denarios'^''  "-  84 
Ounces  — .— — —  12 
jLr^rtf  *  ■         I 


'.'\,«ii 


As,  I^ihra,  PonJo,  Solidus ;  a  Pound  was  12  Ounces  7fj9jr  weight : 
So  I  alfo  find,  - 

Grains  ""    •    ■  —-^ ' '  '        82I 

Oioles  "  »-  -'-'  •  •"  ■  '■•  ■■-  ""—  ■  '" ■  (5| 

Scruples-^       .,»-.^~..».        ■— .■         —     ■  gj 

Pracbms  -   ' '•     ■■ '.-•  if 

Denarios  *'  — ■ .  -^>   j    ^ 

....  -  -  -,      ■    "  ,      .'  -V. 

\ 

And  tbcRomAtiTalejjttohe, 

- .  -, ■  .   .     ,,^'''.    '  '    iX^'li 


A//«i«  — — —  •- 
Li^y<*  ■'  ■  — 

Ounces * 

Tenny-weights  ■*- 
Drachms*  '«— 
Ssru^les 


125:1 


— r..-  lyooSthc   fame   with 
— -  loyooj  thci/if^i«»'i2y/. 

— -  xiooo" 
•——  56000 


Of 


:•:. 


v't-i^H- 


mmmmmmmmmm 

Of  Mmr  ir  Coiif. 


m 


*w;)ij.-:»,'^»:-.*)fU^]^fi-' 


^::|iU<>^na_ 


Darim  Statir,  having  the  Image  of  Svgitarim,  oo&taining  iDrams, 
was  worth  I  y  Shillings  Elf  Zip  Gold, 

The  Stater  of  Cix,icMs  weighing  28  Drams,  was  in  value  i  pound 
I  (hilling.  ' 

The  Talent  containing  6p  Mina\  and  every  Mina  a  hundred  Drsms ; 
vix^  6  thoufand  Drams  to  sl  Talent,  was  valued  at  187  pound  10  (hil- 
lings SterUtig, 

'-    The  greater  Talent  of  8  thouland  Drams j  was  valued  at  lyo  pound 
ffierlingi  fo  was  the  7tf/c»r  of  £^ypf. 

Th^Talent  of  Babylon  AX,  7  thoufand,  was  valued  at  u8  pound  if 
(hillings.  The  Talent^  of  ey£gina  at  5 12  pound  16  (hillings ;  and  that  of 
Alexandria  containing  12   thoufand   Drams,  at  375^  pound  fierling. 

The  Crcchn  Silver  Coins.         .     'v     . 

The  Stater  of  Mace  Jon  was  in  value  z  u^d.  farthing,  and  2  thirds, 

fierling,  .      -^^    - 

The  Stater  of  Corinth,  1  s.  S  J.  ha\{-penny  fierling.         -^'^^  '^    ' 
The  Didracbmum  with  the  Image  of  an  Ox,  was  in  value  i  i.  ;  </. 

The  Drachma  marked  with  Minerva's  Candle,  weighing  with  :he 
liow«»  penny,  value /^K/i«f  7// f 


0/  Grecian  Viftances, 

The  DaByhs  or  Digitus^  a  fingers  breadth  — — . 

iA<ufj,  the  lefTer  Palm  of  four  fingers  breadth  — 

Spithame  the  greater  Palm  12  fingers  breadth 


Pes,  4  Palms  16  fingers ,  lefs  than  the  Roman  foot  by  half  \ 

an  Inch,  greater  than  the  Hehren  by  one  fourth —  y 

The  Cnhits  were  of  5  forts,  viz.  of  1 8,  of  20,  and  of  1 

24  fingers  in  breadth  —  — — ■■'  '  ■■ 3 

The  Orgya,  Pajfus,  a  pace  6  foot  4  Cubits  — -  —~ 

StraJ)um,Ordja/,i  furlong  loo  paces,  400  cubits,  600  feet' 
Midare,  S  Stradia  ov  furlongs,  a  Mile  —»—.—.  — 


96000 

•24000 
-*  8000 


60C0 

4000 

■  1000 

8 

—  —  r 
There 


"^ 


There  was  alfo  the  farafatfga,  about  twenty- nine  or  thirty  furlongJ, 
and  the  Scbanus  which  foine  make  to  be  fixty  furlongs,  others  but  32 
iurlones.      - '^  >»         '        .     . 


.*M-?* 


,»mr^C£t,    -fj^  Grecian  LquidMedfures  lifers  .  ./ 

Tiie  Awfbcra  of  Attica,  containing  12  C/fcow,  72  Zefiesot  Sextario'. 
■Cbus,  <^  Cbngit^f  is  (ix  Sextarios :  the  AmpbfrreihiM  of  a  Metreta, 

Then  there  is  the.Co«/e  half  a  Sextarius,  the  (laartarifts  a  fourth  of 
a  Sextarius,  Oxibapbum  an  eighth,  Chjatbos  the  ss  C«»<^^^  the  3^  of  a 
SextartHt,  idyfirum  the^,  Cbemes  the  ^,  and  CccbUar  the  ^s  of  aSfx- 


-j     ^ 


Of  the  Grecian  Weights. 


■I    •■  S    i.l       ^ 


The  lefier  Talented  fixty  pounds,  the  Pound  of  twelve  ounces  and 
a  half,  the  Ounce  of  eight  Drachms,  the  Drachm  of  three  Scruples, 
the  Scruple  of  two  Oboles,  one  Obole  of  one  and  a  half  Lupine ;  fo 
that  a  hundred  Drachms  of  Attica  are  ninety  fix  of  the  Romany  And 
the  lefler  pound  of  Attica  is  but  feventy  five  Drams,  the  greater  hun* 
drcd:  one  pound  of  the  greater  is  1 1  of  the  leflfer,  and  the  gfeater 
a^<i/p»/ contained  ^o /.  .    -^. 

■     .  '  -  .'  ■       -v 

*The   Thyftck  Weights    mentioned   by    Diofcorides    and 

Galen. 


The  Mina  or  Pound  of  fixteen  Ounces,  and  the  Libra  or  twelve 
Ounces,  ninety  fix  Drachms,  two  hundred  eighty  eight  Scruples,  five 
hundred  feventy  fix  Oboles,  and  fix  thoufand  nine  hundred  and 
'  twelve  Grains. 

The  parts  of  a  Pound  were  Sextans  two  Ounces,  Qt*adrans  three 
Ounces,  7V/>»i  four  Ounces,  ^/c««x  five  Ounces,  ^^//^y^j  half  a  Pound, 
5'tfx/«»x  feven  Ounces,  i5«  eight  Ounces,  D0</r<«»j  nine  Ounces,  Dex- 
tans  ten  OuiiCes,  Df«wx  eleveft  Ounces,  &c,  '     j^J^ 


For  the  Hebrew  Coins^  &c.  Sec  Jerufalcm* 


0/ 


-  \ 


'^nfmm 


mmm"^ 


^•5 


jOf  the  Coins,  Weights  and  Meafnres  of  tbt 
Chief  Cities in^mo^Q, 


0/ Alicant. 

Licant ,  feated  on  the  Mediterranean  Shore,  is  a  Commodious 
Road  for  5%pi«^;  It  affords  Wines,  Raifins,  Licoris"  An- 
nifeeds,  Hard  Soap,  Soda  Barrilla,  and  Almonds. 

The  Coins,  are  Livres,  Solds,  and  Denier s,  1 1  Denitrs  make 
a  Soldj  20  Soldt  a  L/vr*,  which  is  about  y  </.  Sterl.  Here  are  alfo  Rids 
which  they  call  Currant  Money,  afingleRw/  beingreckon'dabove^<^. 
Sterling :  the  Currant  Money  is  of  leis  worth  than  Plate  from  7  to  i6 
fer  Cent,  according  to  the  Plenty  or  Scarcity  of  Pieces  of  eight  in  the 
Countrey. 

The  Weights  are  the  Cargo,  Quintal^  and  Rcve  of  24  /.  being  18 
Ounces  J  and  the  Roveo{  ^61,  being  12  Ounces;  all  grofs  Commo- 
drties  are  weighed  by  24/.  to  the  Rove,  &nd^  Roves  to  the  Quint aly  and 
2  ^i»/^/janda  half  to  the  Cargo,  the  iiitintal96l.  becaufeof  18  Ouh« 
t;es  to  the  Pound,  make  108  Englijh. 

Pepper,  tloves,  or  Spices,  and  other  Commodities  of  Value,  are 
fold  by  the  Rovex>(  36/.  being  12  Ounces  to  the  Pound,  whofe^/»- 
tal  IS  120  7.  which  is  about  18  or  20  per  Cent,  lefs  than  the  Englifh  ml. 
Here  the  Rove  or  Cantar  is  a  quarter  lefs  than  at  Cadiz,  or  Mallaga, '-' 
?  The  Meafure  is  the  Vare,  which  makes  3  <f  Inches  EngUfh  and  |. 
r  The  dry  Meafure  is  the  Hatiagtte,  whereof  five  make  8  Budiel  EngliJIj. 
I  The  Wine  Meafure  is  the  Cantar,which  is  about  two  Gallons  Englijh, 
'  Note  that  12  Barrachiliai  is  a  Chiaze,  which  is  equal  with  4  Horn* 
mocks  of  Cadiz,  or  MaUaga. 

'  ■  Salt  at  a  /{/«/  a  Meafure  ;  you  arc  according  to  Cuftom  to  have  one 
Meafure  for  the  Ships ufe  without  Money.         . -^ 

•>v ■   •  . ■  :^^:-  ^-'  ■  Of  Amfterdam.  '  ' '^  ^rj'^ •;*'l : ^^^' "^•'.■- 

THIS  City  by  reafonof  its  vaft  Trade  to  Foreign  Part?,  affords 
plen^  of  all  known  Commodities  in  the  World;  thefeveral 
Commodities  of  Europe,  the  Drugs,  Spices  and  Silks  of  Jjta,  thePro- 
duft  of  ^fricflf  and  the  Riches  of  America, 

^/  ■   •   — ■■  R.  r      '     .  ■:■  .     :  ■:    -'Their 


^if: 


3o5 


Of  the  Coins i  Weights^  and  Meafuris^ 


Their  Money  or  Coin  is  often  inhanfed  or  dcbafed  as  they  f^ft  occa- 
fion,  but  commonly  is  found  to  be  the  fame  as  in  the  account  at  Ant'.\ 
Tverf.  Their  Livre  or  Pound  which  is  20  /.  Flemifh^  and  120  Stivers, 
maices  a  Pound  of  Grofs,  and  20  Stivers  or  SoUs  Turmis  makes  a  Gil- 
tier,  which  is  commonly  2  s.  Sterhne; ;  and  6  Stivers  is  a  Flemijh  Shil- 
ling, and  J  5riwri is  reckoned  as  much  as  6  J.  Sterling.  Befides  thefe, 
all  Coins  of  Europe  do  here  pafs  currant,  and  are  paid  and  received  in 
Merchandize  according  to  their  value.  The-  Duccatoons  are  equal  to 
lo  D«fci6  Shillings,  or  60  Stivers  ;  Patatoom  are  equal  to  48  Stivers,. 
or  8  Dutch  Shillings.  /  ;.^  v-  > 

Their  Weight  is  the  Poumicf  1 6  Ounces,  100  whereof  malces  their 
(luintal,  which  makes  at  London  108,  or  109/.  neat. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  EU,  which  is  |  of  a  Yard  Englifh ;  fo  that  loo 
Eh  makes  at  London  74  Yards,or  60  Ells  and  a  half,  fome  fay  $s  EUs, 


;   i 


Of  Antwerp,  or  An  vers. 


4  •;' 


TH  E  former  and  Ancient  Trade  of  this  City  was  as  great  and 
eminent  as  now  Amfierdam  is. 

Commodities  here  found,  are  Tapefiries,  TiBures,  feveral  Manufa^ 
^«r«,  and  other  the  Commodities  of  Flanders,  ^v-     '  • ; .: 

Their  Accounts  are  here  kept  by  Livres,  Solds  and  Denters*,  whicb 
they  term  Pound,  Shillings, and  pence  of  Groffes ;  12  Gre^* making 
a  Sold,  and  20  Sold  a  Livre  or  Pound  Flemifh. 

The  Currant  Money  here,  as  generally  through  all  the  Spanijh  Pro- 
vinces, are  (befides  the  Spanijh  and  Imperial)  Doits ;  of  which  8  makes 
a  Stiver, ^und  6 Stivers  AShiWing  Flemijh  ;  and  20  Stivers  makes  a  Gil- 
der, 6  Gilder !  a  Pound  Flemijh  ;  which  is  reckon'd  for  12  /.  Sterling, 
and  20/.  Sterling  for  35  i.  4.  d.  Flemijh;  but  in  Exchange  *tis  fome- 
times  more  than  ;  6  i.  Flemish ;  for  a  pound  Sterling, 

Their  Weight  is  the  Quintal  of  100  /.  of  16  Ounces  />frL  which 
makes  at  London  104.  /. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  Ell  Flemijh,  which  is  one  fourth  of  a  Yard  En- 
glijh,  fo  that  ICO  Ells  Flemijh  makes  60  Ells,  or  75"  Yards  Englifj. 

Corn  is'fold  by  a  Meafure  called  the  Fertuki  whereof  57  and  a, 
half  makes  a  /,<«/?  aiAmflerdain,  which  is  10  Quarters  Englijh. 

Wine  is  fold  by  the  Stoop,  the  y^we,  and  the  Butt ;  p  Sreo^u  is  one 
4me,  and  if2  67oo;)/  Is  a  Butt:  the  5/c<?/>  makes  at  Lc«</tf»  7  Pints,  and= 
the  Ame  42  Grt//fl«j  Wine-meafure, 

,  ■  ■  0/ 


^^^immmm 


Of  Coins,  tVeights,  d/td  Uufmh^ 
CyBilboa. 


1^1 


Bllha  is  a  Town  of  great  Trade,  and  much  frequented  by  Mer- 
chants ;  Seated  two  mile  from  the  Ocean  :  Its  Commodities 
are  Iron,  Chefnuts  and  Wool. 

,A  The  Coins  are  the  fame  as  ufed  throughout  Spain,    Vide  Madrid 
and  Sevil. 

As  to  their  Weights,  they  make  ufeof  two  Kintals,  the  one  being 
loo  /.  Subtile,  which  produceth  at  London  iii  or  112  /.  the  other  is 
only  proper  for  Iron,  which  makes  at  London  128/. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  Fare,  of  which  109  makes  100  Yards  Englijh. 
^  Corn  is  fold  by  the  Hanega,  j  whereof  makes  a  Quarter  Englijh. 


.-••\'t 


0/  Cadiz. 


HERE  their  Weight  of  Gold  is  more  than  in  Italy,  the  Pifiol 
being  two  Grains  heavier.    To  a  Dobleon  you  mud  add  4 
Grains;  to  a  double  £>o^/fo»  you  muft add  6  Grains. 

Cy Copenhagen.  ...    ;. 

Copenhagen,  the  Seat  of  the  Danifh  Kings  in»Winter ;  Commodities 
are  Hides,  Tallow,  Stockfilh,  Armour,  Cordage,  Mafts,  Pitch, 
Tar,  Deals,  Wainfcot,  Buck-skins  and  Salt-filh. 

Coins  herecurrant  are  the  Dollars  and  Shillings ;  66  Shillings  makes 
a  Rtx  Dollar,  which  is  f  Shillings  5rer//»jf. 

They  keep  the  Accompts  by  Marks  of  16  s.  Danijh:  and  their  Ex- 
changes are  made  by  Rtx-Dollars,  which  is  the  currant  Coin  of  the 
Kingdom. 

Their  Weights  are  the  great  and  fmall  Hundred,  viz,,  one  of  120  /. 
the  other  of  112  /.  which  are  divided  into  12  parts,  or  Stones,  at 
lo/.  per  Stone. 

They  have  alfo  a  Skip  pounds  which  makes  ;2  Stone  at  10  /.  per 
Stone,  which  is  520  /.  or  20  Lis  pounds  of  16  pound  mark  ,  is  a 
Skip-pound.     And  the  100  I.  EngLjhU  found  t;o  be  92  at  Copenhagen, 

Their  Meafures  I  find  no  where  certain ;  the  beft  that  I  can  fix  upon 
is,  that  100  Yards  JE«g/«/fc  makes  about  163  Ells  there. 

^  R  r  2  Of 


■ti 


jo! 


Of  Ccins^  Weights^  dnd  Meifnres. 


Of  Conftantinople. 

COnjiant'mopU  is  the  Seat  and  Refidence  of  thQ  Great  Turky  enjoying 
the  Advantages  of  the  EuxineAnA  Mediterranean  Seas ;  of  which 
^ti&  obferved.  That  thetirft  Emperor  that  Commanded  it,  was  a  BaU- 
win,  and  a  Baldwin  that  loft  it.  That  a  Conjtantine  built  it,  a  Gregory 
being  Patriarch;  and  a  Con^antine  loft  it,  a  Gregory  being  Patriarch: 
And  it  was  gained  by  Mahomet ^  and  a  Mahomet  (according  to  the  Turks 
'  Prophecy)  fliall  lofe  it.  .1 

The  Commodities  are  Grograins,  Camlets,  Mohair,  Carpets,  An- 
,  nifeeds,  Cottons,  Galls,  &c. 

The  Coins  currant  are  Afpers,  80  whereof  is  accounted  a  Dollar, 
and  120  Afpers  to  the  Sultanies  of  Gold  :  a  Rial  of  8  and  a  half  is  a 
Sultanie  of  Gold.  The  Lion  Dollar  at  7  y  Afpers.  The  German  Seftine 
at  70  Afpers.  The  Rial  of  8  for  80  Afpers.  Sometimes  the  Sultanie, 
Hungar,  or  Chequin,  is  worth  10,  12,  or  ij  Afpers  more  than  80. 
And  in  Merchandize  it  doth  pafs  for  90,  100,  or  110  Afpers. 

Thevmot  tells  us,  that  the  Alpers  are  little  pieces  of  Silver  ftampt  with 
the  Grand  Stgnior's  Najjie,  and  are  worth  about  8  Deniers,  or  3  Far- 
things a-peice.  The  IfoUtte  is  worth  y  y  Afpers.  The  j^lfanies,  or 
German  Rix  Dollar,  is  worth  1 8  Afpers.  The  Pia/tre,  or  Pk^e  of 
58  Solsy  is  commonly  worth  90  Afpers,  fometimes  but  80.  j\nd 
then  the  j^jj'anie  is  worth  but  7^  Afpers.  The  Turkifh  Chequin  is 
worth  2  Viafters.  The  Venetian  is  worth  10  Afpers  more.  And  that 
a  Purfe  contains  po  Piafers^  or  45-000  Afpers. 

ThQ  Canter,  which  is  1 5-0  Rottes,  the  Rotteis  12  Ounces,  the  Ounce 
12  Drachms,  the  Drachm  is  16  Quirats,  the  Quirat  is  4  Grains.  The 
Oque  contains  400  Drachms,  176  Drachms  is  a  Lodero,  and  100  Lo- 
deroes  is  accounted  to  be  42  Oe^ues,  and  called  a  Quint ar,  ox  Cantar^ 
which  is  120  1.  Englifl). 

Silk  is  fold  by  the  Baleman,  which  is  fix  Oaks,  or  16  /.  and  one 
thiid  Epgljl) ;  but  weighed  by  the  Lodero,  1 3  Lcderoes, and  1 12  Drachms 
makes  a  Baleman. 

ThQMitigal,  or  Mid ical,  is  i  Drachm  and  a  half,  which  is  z^Kil- 
lats,  20  Alitig:ih  of  Gold  is  3  Ounces  Eughjii,  The  Chequir,  Sultanie, 
or  Huv^ar,  is  18  Kill  (lis. 

The  Meafure  is  the  Picos,  one  of  Cloth,  a.  of  which  makes  three 
Yards  Er.gli{h,  and  is  about  26  Inches  and  a  half. 

Tlie  Second  is  the  Grogram  or  Chamlet  P/Vt?,  containing  24  Inches, 
24  whereof  makis  16  Yaids  JL>^/,;/^. 
s  Corn 


i.j*- 


mask) 


■  WWl'!^; 


Of  CoifiJi  Weights^  tuid  Mesfum.  ^     309 

Corn  is  fold  by  the  Killowy  and  weigheth  about  20  0»ks\  ind  eight 
Killows  and  two  thirds  is  a  London  Quarter. 

Wine  and  Oyl  is  fold  by  the  Meter^  which  makes  8  Oaks^  and  is 
about  two  thirds  of  a  Gallon  EnzUfb. 

'.'.   •••  •     •,♦  ^1  1  «>■ .  Ma, 

.,  Cy Cracovia.        .    "^    V 


.  ;ri 


CRacovia,^  tho  the  Metropolitan  City  of  Poland  ,  yet  of  fmall  ac- 
count in  Trade. 

Its  Coins  are  the  Gold  Ducat,  of  the  fame  value  of  the  Hungarian 
Ducat.  Grofzes,  Orts,  andRix-dollars.  iSGrofzmakean  Ort,  30 
Grofz  make  a  Gilder  or  Florin,  6  Gilders  make  a  Ducat,  5*  Orts  of 
18  Grofz  makes  a  Rix-dollar,  and  4  Orts  of  22  and  a  half  Grofz 
makes  a  Rix-dollar,  which  in  Specie  is  worth  40  Polifh  Grofz,  but  in 
Buying  and  Selling  it  is  accounted  36  Grofz.  They  make  Contra(5):s 
by  Silver  Gilders  or  Florins,  but  no  fuch  real  Coin. 

The  common  weight  is  the  pound,  j^6  whereof  is  accounted  a 
Quintar,  which  makes  in  London  114  pounds  circa  ;  and  the  100 
pound  of  London  hath  yielded  here  about  120  pound. 

The  Meafureof  Length  is  the  Ell,  which  is  half  of  the  Englijh  Ell, 
but  their  Linnens  are  fold  by  the  Shock,  which  contains  57  Ells  and 
A^\f  Englifh.    .     ,  .  '  '   •       ; 

'    /    ^  Of  DantzicL  / 


'     * 


DAntzick,  Seated  about  an  Englifh  Mile  from  the  Bahick  Shore,  on 
the  River  Viftula  ;  the  faireft  City,  and  greateft  Trade  of  any  in 
trujjia.  Her  Commodities  are  Wheat,  Rye,  Oats,  Pot-alhes,  Clap- 
boards, Flax,  Hemp,  and  Canvas. 

Their  Coins  are  Dollars,  Gilders,  Grofz,  and  Pence.  The  Rix-^ 
dollar  is  worth  90  Groiz,  which  is  commonly  valued  at  4  j.  6  d.  Stev' 
Img.  A  Gilder  is  woith  50  Grofz,  and  18  of  their  Pence  makes  a 
Grofz.     So  that  a  Gilder  is  about  i  s.  6  d.  Sterling. 

They  keep  their  Accounts  by  Gilders,  Grofz,  and  Pence.  And  they 
reckon  one  great  Mark  is  2  l-'o!:f}}  Gildtrs  ,  and  one  Tdijh  Gild^^r  is 
worth  two  \tiicv  Marks,  one  leffer  Mark  is  worth  ly  Grofx,  .and the 
Grofz  is  1  8  Pence.     And  a  Grofz  is  vi,'orth  25  of  a  Farihio^i;  Sterling. 

Their  Weightis  the  Pound,  whereof  116/.  at  London  makes  100/. 
There  is  alfo  theSkip-pound.and  the  Lis- pound,  16 or  i4M.irk-pound 


is 


'it 

'■AX. 


"\ 


310  CffCloim,  Weights f  gtid  Mesfures. 

is  one  Lis-pound,  and  90  Lis*pounds  makes  one  Skip-pound  by  the 
fmall  Stone  of  24  /.  But  there  is  a  great  Stone  to  weigh  grofs  Wares 
of  34  i  whereof  iq  /.  to  the  Skip-pound  of  340  /. 

Their  Meafure  for  Length  is  jhe  Ell,  100  Ells  whereof  makes  in 
LWo»  about  49  Ells.  ''*' *    '         "'  "■ 

The  Meafure  of  Beer  is  the  Fat,  which  contains  180  Scoops. 

The  Meafure  of  Corn  is  the  Laft,  which  contains  60  ShcfTels,  ^6 
whereof  makes  a  Laft  in  AmjhrdantyOt  10  Quarters  and  a  half  £»g/ijfc. 
And  4  Sheifels  make  one  Mud,  which  is  theShip-pound  of  34/. 


^M  f. 


Of  Florence. 


.r, 


',>*■.. 


Florence  is  Seated  on  a  Fruitful  and  Pleafant  Plain,  near  the  Conflu- 
ence of  the  River  Arm  and  Cbianiy  firft  built  by  Sylla,  made  a  Co- 
lony by  the  Triumviri ;  razed  by  the  Lombards^  Rebuilt  by  Charles  tb$ 
Great;  bought  its  Liberty  oi  Rodolpbus ;  and  laltly,  Subjeft  totheA/e- 
Jices,  now  Dukes  of  Florence. 

The  Commodities  that  this  City  produceth,  are  the  produ<a  of  the 
Dukedom,  viz..  Wines,  Oyls,  Silks  both  raw  and  wrought  into  feve-. 
ral  Fabricks,  as  Taffaiies,  Sattins,  Velvets,  Plufties,  and  Grograms. 

The  Coins  here  currant  are  Ducats  of  7  Livres  per  Ducat,  which  is 
reckoned  for  y  j.  3  <^  Sterling.  The  Livre  is  20  Solds,  which  is  valued 
9  a.  Sterling.  The  Livre  is  alfo  divided  into  12  Craches,  wheraof  8 
is  a  Julio,  which  is6d.  Sterling ;  j  Quatrins  is  a  Crach,  and  60  Craches 
makes  a  Livre. 

They  keep  their  Accounts  generally  in  Livres,  Solds,  and  Deniers, 
12  Deniers  to  a  Sold,  and  20  Solds  to  a  Livre. 

The  Weight  is  the  Quintal,  or  loo  /.  of  12  Ounces  to  the  Pound, 
which  100  makes  at  Z,Wfl»  78 /. 

The  Meafure  is  the  Brace,  and  4  Braces  is  a  Cane,  and  100  Braces 
are  found  to  make  48  Ells  and  a  half,  or  60  Yard?  and  a  half. 

Wine  is  fold  by  the  Cogno,  which  is  lo  Barrels,  each  Barrel  40  Me- 
tadels,  or  lo  Bottles,  and  the  Barrel  is  to  weigh  120  /. 

Oyl  is  fold  by  the  Orcio  or  Barrel,  and  (o.itains  g*  Metadels, 
which  fliould  weigh  85-/. 

"  Wrought  Silks  are  here  fold  by  the  Pound  for  Livres,  and  not  by 
Meafure. 


Of 


¥: 


Of 


t 


» ; 


Of  Coiftfy  WiightSi  Mi  Mufurts. 
^ ;;  V    •   ^f  Frankfbrd. 


3«i 


FKrankford  is  a  Free  City,  Fan^ous  for  fhe  Ele^ion  of  the  Emp^ 
rors,  as  alfo  for  two  Fairs  or  Marts  for  Books  Annually  kept^ 
the  one  in  Lent,  the  other  in  September, 

The  Weight  is  the  Pound  of  i6  Ounces,  of  which  there  is  three 
Quintals,  the  one  of  loo/.  for  fine  Goods,  the  other  of  120  for 
grofs  Goods,  and  the  third  of  132  /.  for  Food ;  the  100  /.  makes  ae 
London  108/. 

The  Meafures  of  Length  are  two,  one  for  Linnen,  the  other  for 
Woollen,  both  Ells  differing  about  two  ftrCent*  100  Ells  whereof 
make  ac  Lmdon  about  48  Ells. 


■,-\  .'-.\  »'> 


■*         ■    * 


Wr 


L^- 


0/  Genoua. 


THIS  City  is  Inhabited  by  the  greateft  Money-Mongers  in  Europe. 
Their  Coins  here  currant  are  Deniers,  whereof  12  makes  a  Sold, 
4  Solds  a  Chavalet,  f  Chavalets,  or  20  Solds,  a  Livre,  which  is  i  /. 
4  d.  Sterling.  90  Solds  makes  a  Crown  of  Gold,  a  Ducat  in  Silver 
is  4  Livres. 

They  keep  their  Accompts  by  Livres,  Solds  and  Deniers.  '  20  De- 
niers is  a  Livrc,  and  y  Livres  a  piece  of  Eight.  Here  note,  thai  a 
piece  of  I  currant  Money  is  worth  but  96  Solds.  But  St.  Georges 
weighed  104  Solds. 

Their  Weight  is  the  Pound  of  12  Ounces,  and  2y  Pofind  is  a 
Roue,  6  Roues  is  a  Kintal ;  and  100  /.  Genoua  is  70  /.  I  EngU^  ;  and 
1  Pound  Enghjh  is  17  Ounces  Genoua  j  and  112  /,  Engltjh  is  5:8  /.  Ge- 
mua.  And  the  Quintal  is  100  Rotelles,  which  makes  ip  fmaller 
Pounds,  and  is  106/.  Englt(h.  The  grofs  Quintal  of  lyo  /.  is  of  18 
Ounces  to  the  Pound. 

The  Meafure  is  the  Cias,  which  is  of  two  forts,  one  for  Silk,  which 
is  of  9  Palm>,  whereot*  roo  makes  26  Yards  Englijh;  the  other  for  Lin- 
nen and  Woollen  is  of  10  PaIhis,  and  makes  2I  Y&rds  Englijh. 

Wine  is  fold  rhere  by  the  Miferold,  whereof  j  makes  a  Botta  Di^ 
mina,  and  cwo  Barrels  makes  a  Miferold,  which  is  100  Pints. 

Oyl  is  fo'd  by  the  Barrel,  14  whereof  makes  a  Tan  of  236  Gal- 
lons to  the  Tun. 

•-^.    .         '  .    ■  •         "        '  Of 


3" 


Of  ComSf  Weight s^  sftd  Meafires. 

■  •■..'  .  , 

Of  Hamburgh. 


HAmbufgh  is  aFree  City  of  the  Empire  enjoying  the  Priviledge  of 
a  Hanfe-Town ;  the  Haven  is  guarfi<;d  with  an  Iron  Chain,  the 
City  adorned  with  nine  Churches^  a  Senate- Houfe,  and  Exchange. 

The  Merchants  Exchange  here  for  London  by  the  Pound  Sterlings 
for  other  places  upon  the  Rix  dollar,   at  ^4  Stivers. 

A  Dollar  is  here  faid  to  be  worth  3  Whit-pence,  one  Whit-penny 
is  worth  18  Shillings,  oneShilling  to  be  12  pence,  andonePenny  two 
Hellers.  A  Mark  is  16  Stivers,  and  7  Marks  and  a  half  is  20  s.  Fit" 
mijh.  '^-^ '    " 

Their  Weight  is  the  Pound,  120  whereof  is  their  Quintal,  and 
makes  at  London  107  or  109  /. 

The  Meafure  is  the  Ell,  100  whereof  makes  at  London  45  Ells  and 
a  half,  and  100  Yards  at  London  makes  about  162  and  a  half,  or  163 
Ells. 

Corn  is  meafured  by  Schepel,  90  making  a  Laft,  and  83  Schepels 
is  10  Quarters  Englijh, 

0/ Lcgorn,  flr  Livorn. 

Commodities  are  Oyls,  Wines,  Silks  raw  and  wrought,  Anchove;, 
Annifeeds,  Rice,  Argal,  with  other  Italian  Commodities. 

Coins  are  Qu-^treens,  <■  whereof  make  one  Scratch  or  Craca, 
12  Scratches  or  Cracd's  is  one  Livre,  which  is  9  d.  Engli(h,  8  Craca's 
is  one  Julio,  which  is  6  d.  Engltfh,  C  Livres  or  9  Julio's  is  one  Dollar, 
which  varieth  according  to  the  Exchange ;  7  Livres  is  a  Ducat,  which 
is  f  /.  9  d,  EngU^,  And  7  Livres  5  is  a  Scudoe,  or  Crown  D'oro, 
wllich  is  %  s.  J  d.  I  Sterling. 

The  Accompts  are  kept  in  Dollars,  Solds  and  Deniers,  12  Deniers 
to  a  Sold,  and  20  Solds  to  a  Dollar.  Charges  of  Goods  are  kept  in 
Livres,  Solds  and  Deniers,  and  brought  into  pieces  of  1 1  f  Solds  per 
piece,  which  is  called  Ihort  Money,  of  which  y  Livres  and  3  quarters 
is  a  Dollar,  and  6  Livres  or  120  Solds  makes  a  DolLir,  v^hichis  cal- 
led Long-Money.  Exchanges  are  with  Londm  for  5*6  j.  ti.  per 
piece.  MarfeiHes  for  60  Surneife/'cr  piece.  •  Naples  Ducats  92  for— 
Pieces  100  Venice  Ducats  Dcbank  103'^  for  Pieces  100.  with  Solds  11} 
tor  a  Dollar. 

Com- 


Of  Coins]  Weights]  And  MeafurK  jij 

Commodities  fold  by  the  Pound  12  Ounces.  All  forts  of  Silks  ia 
JuHos ;  Cloves ,  Cinamon ,  Indigo,  Cochineal ,  StoraXj  Benjamin, 
'  Manna  and  all  other  Drugs  in  Livres.    Rtdjfia  Hides,  in  Solds. 

Commodities  Sold  by  the  Kintal;  Pepper,  Cinamon/ Caflia,  Lig- 
num, Nutmegs,  Wax,  Tinn,  in  Ducats.  Cotten-wool,  Cotten- 
yarn,  Ginger,  in  Ducats ;  Gawles  in  Livres.  Commodities  fold  by 
the  1000/. 

Lead,  Campeach,  Faxiimbuck,  in  Ducats ;  Pot-aihes  in  Dollars. 
Sugars  of  all  forts  by  the  Kinta!  of  1 5*  i  Pound  in  Scudoes  or  Crowns. 
Newfound-Land-Fifh  by  the  Kintal  of  160 /.in  Julio's  j  Hci  rings  by 
the  Barrel,  and  Pilchards  by  the  Hogfhead  in  Dollars. 

Their  Weight  is  the  Pound  of  12  Ounces,  of  which  1 5'and  a  half 
makes  tlie  Pound  ErgUpu,  fo  that  their  Quintal  of  100  /.  is  77  /.  chree 
Ounces  I  English  ;  or  14^/.  there,  is  112  /.  Enghfh.  By  a  late  Ac- 
compt  I  find  that  their  Kintal  of  100  /.  makes  76  /.  Evgliflj,  and  148  /. 
there,is  about  112  Evglt(h;  and  that  their  Kintal  of  Sugar  is  iji/.  a 
Kintal  of  Fiffi  160  of  their  Pound. 

The  Meafures  of  Legorfj,  4  Braces  makes  a  Lane,  which  is  2  Ells 
Englijli',  8  Braces  IS  y  yards  E»gLf,j. 

The  Quintal  of  Allom  is  130  /.  which  makes  100  /.  6  Ojnces  | 
Evgltjh. 

The  Quintal  of  Wool  is  160  /.  and  makes  12;  /.  5  Englijh, 

Corn  Meafure  is  a  Stax,  3  Staxes  is  a  Sack,  8  Sacks,  or  24  Stars, 
is  Moggio.  A  Stax,  if  the  Corn  be  g^iod,  will  weigh  $0  1.  Euglifh, 
3  Sacks  and  three  quarters  makes  the  £»»//(&  Quarter.  63  Mina's  at 
Genoua  makes  100  Sacks  at  Legom,  and  12  Mina's  makes  a  Tun  of 
40  Bulhels  Winchefter  Meafure. 

Wine  is  fold  by  the  Coy  no,  which  is  lo  Barrels,  one  Barrel  is  20 
.  Flaskj  and  2  Mettidals  is  a  Flask. 

Oylis  fold  by  theOxcio  or  Barrel,  and  fiiould  weigh  8y  /.  and  hold 
32Mettidals. 

Coxal  and  Colchefter  Bays  are  fold  by  theCayne  in  Livres,  Serges 
and  Perpctuanoes,  Sayes,  &c,  are  fold  by  the  piece  for  Dollars. 

oy  Lions. 

Llom  is  Dated  upon  the  Conflux  cf  the  'S.o^m  and  Soam^  is  famous 
for  itsTrade  of  Silks,  and  for  Exchanges.    Their  Coins  currant, 
and  Accompts  keeping,  are  the  fame  with  Varu. 

For  Weights,  I  find  three  forts,  vi'i,.  The  King's  weight,  the  Towns 
weight,  and  the  Silk  weight. 

S  f  The 


JI4,  ^f  C'w*/,  Weight s^  AnAMUfurh^ 

The  Town  wdght  is  zoo  /.  of  1 6  Ounces,  which  maketh  at  Un- 
ion 96  /. 

The  Meafure  is  the  Alne,  7  whereof  makes  in  Lonhn  9  Yards,  fo 
that 'tis  about  a  Yard  and  Quarter  at  IW09. 

Of  Lisbon.     >         ' 

Commodities  are,  Honey,  Wine,  Oyl,  Fruits,  Fifii,  Salt,  white 
Marble,  Ailom ;  and  befides  Drugs,  Spices,  Cottons,  Callicoes, 
Precious  Stones,  Silks,  and  other  Eaft-hdia^  Verfia^  Arabia,  and  China 
Commodities. 

Coins  are  a  Vintin,  \yhich  is  20  Res,  or  5  J.  Ster.  A  Rial,  which 
is  40  Res,  or  two  Vintin,  6  d.  Ster.  A  Telton  is  100  Res.  400  Res 
is  an  Old  Crufado  or  Crown,  yoo  Res  is  a  New  Crulado  or 
Crown.     600  Res  is  a  Piece  of  Eight,     icoo  Res  is  a  Mill  Rea. 

Weights  are  16  Ounces  to  a  Pound,  32  Pound  isa  Rou;,  4  Roues 
is  a  Kintal,  ^4  Roues  is  a  Tun.  This  V/eight  is  2J  or  3  fer  Cent. 
greater  thai:  the  Englifh.  The  Quiiital,  which  is  of  two  forts ;  the 
greater  Quintal,  whereby  they  weigh  Sugars  and  all  Spices,  except 
Pepper  and  Cinamon,  is  divided  into  four  Roues,  each  Roue  being 
52  /.  which  is  1 28  /.  at  16  Ounces  to  the  Pound,  and  is  bigger  than 
the  Efiglijh  hundred  by  16  /. 

Pepper  is  fold  by  the  Quintal  of  121  /.  which  is  juft  our  Hundred, 
and  Cinamon  by  the  Quintal  of  128 1.  Englifh. 

Meafures  are  of  two  forts,  the  one  is  the  Varefor  Linnen,  Silk,  or 
Stufis ;  and  in  meafuring,  to  every  Vare  is  given  an  Inch;  (b  that  the 
Vare  is  42  Inche*  and  three  quarters,  which  is  almoft  an  EH  Engltflj. 

The  other,  called  the  Coveda,  maketh  three  quarters  of  a  Ifard 
Evgljjhj  and  to  this  there  is  no  advantage  given. 

Meafure  for  Corn  is  the  Alquier,  three  of  which  makes  a  Bufliel  of 
Wihcheftcr  Meafure,  and  ^  of  the  Alquiers  makes  the  Hanaque,  i  j  AU 
^uiers  makes  a  Tun  of  i?n/o/ Water- meafure,  60  Alquiers  makes  a 
M^-;  of  Salt,  icroMoys  of  Salt  is  33  Weys  Englijh,  3  Alquiers  makes 
a  Bufiiel,  1 3  Chants  makes  an  Allmuden,  and  5-2  Allmudens  is  a 
Tun  of  Wine. 


Of  London.  ' 

WHEN  Julius  Cajar  firft  entred  this  Ifland,  certain  Iron  Rings 
were  currant  inftead  of  Money ;    afterwards  the  Romans 
brought  in  the  Ufc  of  Gold,  Silver,,  and  Brafs  Coins. 

In 


wm 


^^^ 


-■■::r*:^^%-'--'\    Of  Com,  Weighs]  dni  Meafures^    "        jij 

In  the  time  of  Richard  the  Firfi-,  pure  Money  was  Coined  in  the 
Eaft  oi  Germany,  whereof  fome  of  thofe  Eafierlings  were  fent  over  for, 
and  employed  in  his  Mint ;  from  thence  our  Money  was  called  Eajt^ 
erlingy  or  Sterling  Money,  as  fome  think  j  but  others  fay,  of  the  Sax- 
on word  Ster,  weighty. 

The  Coins  here,  and  throughout  all  England,  as  well  Gold  as  Sillver, 
are  feveral,  and  of  a  different  value,  but  all  reduced  to  Pounds,  Shil- 
lings, and  Pence;  all  Coined  of  Gold  and  Silver ;  only  in  relation  to 
the  Neceflity  of  the  Poor,  and  Exchange  of  great  Money,  a  fmall 
piece  of  Brafs,  called  a  Farthing ,  or  fourth  part  of  a  Penny  ,  hath 
been  permitted  to  be  Coined,  but  no  man  enforced  to  receive  it  in 
pay  for  Rent  or  Debt,  which  cannot  be  faid  of  any  other  State  or 
Nation  in  the  world  befides.  Four  Farchings  make  a  Penny,  12 
Pence  a  Shilling,  and  20  Shillings  a  Pound  Sterling. 

No  Monies  in  any  Mint  are  made  of  pure  Gold  and  Silver,  becaufe 
they  are  too  flexible,  and  therefore  allajied  with  Copper.  The  Stand- 
ard of  Crown  Gold  is  22  Carracs  of  fine  Gold,  and  two  Carrats  of 
Allay  in  the  Pound  weight  Iroy,  which  is  divided  into  44  parts  and  a 
^alf,  each  part  is  to  pafs  for  2c  s.  and  the  half  part  for  10,  which  is 
44/.  10  s.  the  Pound  Troy.  The  Allay  of  fome  Gold  Coins  is  all  Sil- 
ver, as  the  Guinec  Gold,  which  renders  the  Gold  Coins  fome  more 
white,  fome  more  yellow.  The  Standard  of  Sterling  Silver  is  u  Ounces 
and  2  penny-weight  of  fine  Silver  ,  and  18  penny- weight  of  Allay 
of  Copper  out  of  the  fire;  fo  that  12  Ounces  of  pure  Silver  with- 
out any  Allay,  is  worth  3  /.  4  j.  6  ^.  and  an  Ounce  is  worch^  s.  4  d, 
halfpenny,  but  with  Allay  it  is  worth  but  ;  /.  and  theCunce  5  s. 

Of  Weights  there  are  two  forts  ufed  throughout  all  England,  viz,. 
Troy  IVeight,  and  Avoirdufoije  Weight, 


/ 


In 


Ti 


r- 

"Pound  Troy 

The  Ounce 

Penny  weigh 

kn''  ers  divide  the^ 

Grain 

Mite 

■ 

Droite 

Peiic 

12 

20 

into  ^20 

24 

^o 


1:4 


Ounces. 

Penny  weight. 

Grains. 

Mites. 

Droites. 

Pcrits. 

Blanks. 


'Tis  alfo  divided  into  24  p.irts,  wliicli  a:c  ''V.Ie.l  Carrats,  fj  that 
each  Carrat  is  10  penny  weight  Tro)^  or  half  an  Oaiice.  And  this  Car- 
rar  is  divided  into  four  parts,  which  are  called  Carr.it-grains;  fo  thac 
the  Carrat-grain  is  two  penny  weight  and  a  half,or  60  ordinary  Grain 

S  f  2  ' 


-^ 


<• 


516  Of  Coins^  Weights^  dni  Mcdfurh, 

fo  there  are  480  Grains  in  the  Ounce,  and  5'76o  Grains  in  the  Pound. 
By  this  weight  are  weighed  Pearls,  precious  Stones,  Gold,  Silver, 
Bread,  and  all  manner  of  Corn  and  Grain,  and  this  weight  the  Apo- 
thecaries do  or  ought  to  ufe,  tho  by  other  Denominations,  their  leaft 
weight  is  a  Grain,  , 


20  Grains 
5  Scruples 
8  Drams 
1 2  Ounces 


^makesi 


'a  Scruple, 
/a  Dram, 
|an  Ounce^ 
a  Pound. 


AvoirJtipoife  Weight  is  reduced  into  feveral  Denominations ,  viz,. 
Tuns,  Hundreds,  Quarters,  Pounds,  and  Ounces  ;  fo  that 


16  Ounces 
28  Pound 
4  Quarters 
ro  Hundred 


!','•  ■''rund, 
*\       arter 
'"^^^^Ka  i.indred,  or  112/. 
^a  Tun. 


By  this  weight  are  weighed  all  Grocers  Ware,  Flefii,  Butter,  Cheefe, 
Iron,  Hemp,  Flax,  Lead,  Steel ;  alfo  all  things  whereof  comes  wafte. 
All  Meafures  in  England  are  either  Applicative,  or  Receptive. 
The  fmalleft  Applicative  Meafurt  is  a  Barley  Corn,  whereof. 


3  In  Length 
12  Inches 
*3  Foot 
I  Yard  and  a  quarter 

1  Foot  and  a  half 

2  Cubits 
J  Foot 
6  Foot 

1 6  Foot  and  a  half 
14  Perch 
8  Furl,  or  320  Perches . 


"an  Inch. 

a  Foot. 

a  Yard. 

an  £11. 

a  Cubit, 

makes  ^  a  Yard. 


V- 


a  Geometrical  Pace, 
a  Fathom. 

a  Perch,  Pole,  or  Rod. 
a  Furlong. 
v.a  Mile  EfjgUjli. 


So  that  a  Mile,  according  to  the  Statute  of  Henry  the  Seventh,  ought 
to  be  61,7,60  Inches,  1760  Yards,  ioj6  Paces,  320  Pole,  or  5-280 
Foot,  that  is,  280  Foot  more  than  the  Italian  Mile ;  60  Miles  more 
exadly,  69  and  a  half,  makes  a  Degree,  and  360  Degrees,  or  25020 
Miles  com^afs  the  whole  Globe  of  the  Earth.  Re- 


nd. 
rer, 
po- 


*  >    Of  Coins ^  Weights^  sftd  Mesfures.  3;7 

Receptive  Meafures  are  two-fold  :  Firft  of  Liquid  or  moift  things : 
Secondly,  of  dry  things,  whereof  about  a  Pound  Avoir dupoife  make  a 
Pint, 


2  Pints 

2  Quarts 

2  Pottles   ,  ' 

8  Gallons 

2  Firkins  - 

2  Kilderkins,  or  32  Gallons 

9  Gallons 

2  fuch  Firkins,  on  8  Gallons 
2  fuch  Kilderkins,  or  36  Gallons 

1  Barrel  and  half,  or  54  Gallons 

2  Hogfhead 

2  Butts  or  2  Pipes 


a  Quart.      , 
a  Pottle, 
a  Gallon, 
a  Firkin  of  Ale. 
a  Kilderkin. 

^^"^^'^"^ a  Firkin  of  Beer., 
a  Kilderkin, 
a  Barrel  cf  Beer, 
a  Hoglhead. 
a  Butt  or  a  Pipe, 
l^a  Tun. 


-f> 


Confifting  of  1728  Pints  or  Pounds;  and  a  Barrel  of  Butter  or  So,ip 
is  the  fame  with  a  Barrel  of  Ale.  The  E«g///fc  Wine-meafures  are  fmal- 
ler  than  thofe  of  Beer  or  Ale,  and  hold  prooortion  as  four  to  five  ;  fo 
that  four  Gallons  of  Beer-meafure  are  five  C  tllons  of  Wine-meafure, 
and  each  Gallon  of  Wine  is  eight  Pound  Tmy  weight ;  fo  ,thar  a 
Roundlec  of  Wine  holds  eighteen  Gallons  ,  half  a  Hogihead  thirty 
one  Gallons  and  a  half,  a  Tierce  of  Wine  holds  forty  two  Gallons, 
a  Hogfhead  fixty  three  Gallons ,  a  Punchion  eighty  four  Gallons , 
a  Pipe  or  Butt  a  hundred  twenty  fix,  and  a  Tun  two  hundred  fifty 
two  Gallons,  or  two  thoufand  and  fixieen  Pints. 

Dry  Meafures  are  thofe  in  which  any  kind  of  Dry  Goods  are 
meafured,  as  Corn,  Coal,  Salt,  &c.  of  which  there  is  the  Pint  j 
two  Pints  make  a  Quart,  two  Quarts  a  Pottle,  two  Pottles  a  Gallon, 
two  Gallons  a  Peck,  four  Pecks  a  Bulhel,  four  Buflielsa  Comb  or  Cur- 
nock,  two  Combs  a  Quarter,  four  Quarters  a  Caldron,  fivj  Quarters 
a  Weigh,  ten  Quarters  a  Laft  or  Weigh,  which  contains  f  120  Pints; 
where  note,  that  the  Corn  Gallon  is  bigger  than  the  Wine  Gallon, 
and  lefs  than  the  Ale  or  Beer  Gallon,  and  is  in  proportion  to  them  as 
3 ;  to  28  and  3  y,  and  is  counted  8  pouads  Troj  weight.   . 


0/ 


V, 


3' 


Of  Corns,  Weighty  sftd  Meafum: 
Of  Lubeck.    ^'-■-  -  - 


IT  S  Coins  currant  are  the  Rix-DoUarsj  worth  48  Stivers  j  the  Mer- 
chants DoiS^^r  at  ;  5  5^;wrj,  the Steck-Dollar&t  ^2  Stivers,  the  Mark 
ac  16  Stivers,  the  GuU  is  one  Mark  and  8  Stivers, ths Real'is  2  Marks 
and  14  Stivers,  and  y  of  their  Stivers  is  6  //.  Sterling,  and  one  5fiwr  is 
12  Fenving. 

Their  Weight  is  the  Pound,  of  which  is  made  a  Centner  and  a  Schip- 
pound,  one  Schip-pound  is  2oLif-pound,  or  280/.  i  Centner  \i  8  Lif- 
pound.  A  Tun  of  Salt  is  20/.  A  Stone  of  Flax  20/.  A  Stone  of 
Wool  is  10/.  one  Pound  is  16  Ounces,  or  32  Lodt, 

Their  Meafurc  is  the  Ell,  8  whereof  make  in  London  y  Yards. 

0/ Madrid. - 

MAdrid,  the  Court  of  5^tf/»,  and  greateft  Village  in  the  World: 
The  Coins  here,  are  the  general  Coins  of  Spain,  viz.  the  Ducat, 
which  is  375"  Mervedes  in  Exchange,  and  is  called  by  fome  the  Dobkn 
ofCafiiles    "Thd  Cafiiliano  which  is  worth  ^S$  Mervedes. 
The  Florin  of  Caf^ile  worth  265-  Mervedes, 

The  SpaniJhDuQSLt  hath  eleven  Rials  of  Plate,  and  a  Rial  is  34  Mer- 
vedes, a  Ducat  is  generally  valued  about  p.  6d.  Englijh,  and  the  Rial 
at  6  pence. 

»        .  Of  Malaga. 

MAlaga ,  Seated  on  the  Mediterranean,  abounds  in  Raifins  and 
Wine.  Their  Moneys  are  general  witha^l  Spain. 
They  generally  keep  their  Accompts  in  Bcillon  or  Brafs  money,  by 
Rials, Ducats  and  Mervedes,  34  Mervedes  make  a  Rial  oi Beillon,  which 
according  to  the  Law  of  the  Kingdom  fhould  be  worth  yo  in  the  Hun- 
-  dred  lefs  then  a  Rial  of  Plate  or  Silver,  upon  the  accompt  1 00000 
Mervedes  AVQ  worth  about  61 1.  Evgh^j,  But  becaufe  the  Silver  Coin 
in  Spain  is  now  Cent,  per  Cent,  better  than  the  Money  of  Bcillon,  which 
is  moft  part  of  Copper,  looooo  Marvedes  is  worth  but  half  of  that 
Money :  So  that  Biillon  is  not  intrinfecally  worth  fo  much  as  the 
PrinCe  puts  upon  it.  • 

Their 


sMcr- 
iMark 
Marks 
tiver  is 

Schip- 
s  8  Lif- 
tone  of 

!s. 


World  I 

le  Ducat, 
e  Doblon 


;4  Mer- 
the  Rial 


ifins  and 

jney,  by 
»,  which 
the  Hun- 

C   lOOOOO 

IverCoin 
m,  which 
'  of  that 
:h  as  the 


'    ;      .^      Of  CohSf  ^ei^hff,  ami  Mtsfkres^  ^ip 

Their  Weight  is  the  Quintal  or  C.  which  they  divide  into  four  JKc«c' 
or  Parts  of  2y/.  at  i6  Ounces  fer  Pound,  each  Ounce  contains 
J  6  Drachms,  each  Drachm  28  Grains  ,•  and  this  Quintal  or  C.  makes 
in  London  106  Averdufois. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  Vare,  of  32  or  38  Inches  EngUjli. 

Wine-meafure  is  a  Roue,  which  is  divided  into  eight  fmall  Meafbres 
called  Somhresf  and  is  in  England  four  Gallons,  and  2f  of  thefe  fill  a 
Pipe,  which  is  a  hundred  Gallons  Englijh. 

Oyl-meafure  is  the  Roue  of  2  y  /. 

Dry- meafure  is  the  Hgnoque,  which  is  divided  into  two  Almodei, 
making  one  Bufliel  and  a  half  in  weight,  by  heap  144/.  by  Strike, 

99  /.  Englijh, 

Meflena  Weights  and  Meafures. 

TWelve  Ounces  is  a  Pound  by  which  Silk  is  fold.  2  Pound  \  make* 
a  Rottela,  100  pound,  that  is  between  70  and  71  /.  Engltjh,  and 

100  Rottela" s  makes  a  common  Cantar,  which  is  176  /.  Englijh, 

Of  its  Meafure:  8  Palmes  makes  a  Cane,  which  is  reckoned  23  yards 
Engli(h,  buc  found  above  84  Inches. 

Coins  are,  20  Grains,  or  2  Carkens  is  a  Tarrie,  which  is  ^  d.  Ster-  . 
ling.     30  Tarries  make  an  Ounce,  which  is  11s.  6  d.  Sterling.  12  Tar^ 
ries  is  a  Crown,  or  Smdo,  which  is  y  s.  Sterling,     11.  Tarries  is  com- 
monly reckoned  a  DoUor,  as  Exchange. 

Accompts  are  kept  in  Ounces,  Tarries  and  Grains,  20  Grains  to  a 
Tarrie,  and  3  o  Tarries  to  an  Ounce.  Perpetuanoes  are  fold  by  tlie  piece 
for  Crowns.  Cloth ,  Bays,  &c.  by  the  Cane  for  Tarries.  Pepper, 
Indigo,  by  the  Cantar,  for  Ounces.  Lead  and  Iron  by  the  Cant  at  for 
Crowns.    AndSilk  of  all  forts  by  the  Pound,  for  T^irr/w. 

0/Millain. 

THEIR  Currant  Money  are  the  Imperial  Coins  j  other  Coins^ 
as  Spanift,  French  and  Italian,  pafs  here  in  Merchandize.  The 
Crown  of  the  Gold  of  the  Sun  is  worth  96  or  98  5o/  ;  the  Ducat  of 
Gold  is  in  Circa  a  hundred  Sol ;  the  Ducat  Imperial  is  valued  at  four 
Livres;  a  Crown  of  Gold  Italian  is  five /.iz/z-w  and  fix  Sol  Imperial; 
and  the  Crown  paffeth  in  Commerce  for  a  hundred  and  ten  Sols,  and 
the  Ducat  for  as  much. 


Weight 


3 10  '  ^         Of  CoinSf  Weights,  and  Menfmsl  ''    * 

Weight  is  the  Quintal  o^z.  hundred  pounds  which  makes  at  London 
feventy  pound. 

Meafure  is  the  Brace,  a  hundred  whereof  makes  at  London  forty 
three  Ells.,     .'. 


f. 


0/ Marfeillcs. 

AT  Marfeilles  the   loo  pound  is  in  Englilh  88  /.  |,  and  8  Talms 
makes  a  Cane,  which  is  2  Yards  \  Etigltfh.    The  Muld  of  Corn 
is  60  BuHiels,  or  %  Quarters  EngUfli,    , 

0/Mofcow. 

THeir  Coins  arc  the  Cuppeckj  ten  wereof  make  a  Greven,  and  ten 
Grevens  is  a  Ruble,  which  is  about  8  s.  Sttrlwg,  by  fome  lo  j. 
Sterling.  There  is  alfo  the  Altine,  by  which  name  all  Receipts  and 
Payments  are  made,  3  3  whereof,  and  one  Crapeck,  makes  a  Rubble, 
which  is  an  Imaginary  Coin,  and  not  Real  j  3  Cuppecks  make  an 
Altine,  '  >     ' 

Weight  is  the  Zelotneck,  of  which  ninety  fix  make  a  pound,  forty 
pound  a  Pood,  and  ten  Food  a  Berccvet ;  fo  their  P()o</  is  thirty!  five 
pound  Ef2gli(h, 

Meafure  is  called  an  Archine,  which  is  about  27  Inches  in  Circa,  fo 
that  a  hundred  Arcbmes  arc  found  to  make  about  feventy  five  Yards 
Englifh,  '. 

*   ,  Of  Naples, 

THeir  Commodities  are  Wines,  Oyls,  Silks  raw  and  wrought, 
Saffron,  Almonds,  Argal,  Briraftone  and  Annifeeds. 
Their  Coins  are,  fix  Cavals  or  Ca'vaSas  makes  a  Turnefe ,  two  Tur- 
nejj'es  a  Grain,  ten  Grains  a  Carline,  two  Carlines  a  Tarrie,  and  y  T^tr- 
r/f/  a  Ducat;  which  is  p.  Sterling. 

Their  Weight  is  a  pound  of  twelve  Ounces,  which  makes  eleven 
Ounces  f  E»glt(h.  or  ^,  fo  that  a  hundred  pound  there  produceth 
71.  pound  Efjghjh.  A  Dollar  as  valued  at- 96  Grains  according  to  Ex- 
change. 6  Ducats  make  an  Ounce,  by  which  the  'Cuftoms  are  rated. 
AIlGoods  paying  9 1  Grains  per  Ounce,  according  to  the  value.  Ac- 
compts  are  kept  in  Ducats,  Tarries  and  Grains,  20  Grains  to  a  Tarrie, 
and  5  Tarries  to  a  Ducat. 

?  The 


ton  Jon 
forty 


Palms 
)f  Corn 


and  ten 
me  lo  s. 
;ipts  and 
a  Rubbky 
make  an 

id,  forty 
lirty!  five 

Circa f  (b 
ve  Yards 


wrought, 

t 

two  Tur- 
nd  f  Jar- 
its  eleven 
produceth 
ng  to  Ex- 
are  rated, 
lue.  Ac- 
)  aXarrle, 

The 


Qf  Coins,  Weights,  4nd  Mufnr^  j%£ 

The  RotteSo  is  thirty  three  Ounces  and  a  half,  a  hundred  RotteUoes  is 
the  Cantar  of  277/.  which  produceth  196/.  at  fixteen  Ounces  fer 
pound  in  London. 

Oyl  is  fold  by  the  Salm,  five  and  and  a  half  is  reckoned  for  a  Tun, 
which  is  z? 6 Gallons  E»?/(l».  • 

\.^\:,.?.  ^  ■-'..  V  !..'      C/*  Nuremburg.  -^  , 

THeir  Weight  is  the  Pound  of  fixteen  Ounces,  of  which  are  two 
feveral  i^uintahy  the  one  of  a  hundred  pound,  the  other  of  a 
hundred  and  twenty  pound ;  and  the  hundred  makes  at  London  a  hun- 
dred and  eleven  pound. 

Their  Meafureisthe  EII^  ahundred  whereof  makes  at  London  sboMX. 
fixty  three  Ells.  -  .        ' 

,  Of  Paris. 

PAris  is  one  of  the  three  Cities  in  France  where  Exchanges  are  made, 
and  gives  the  Rule  in  matter  of  Coin  to  the  other  Cities. 

"^he  Coins  here,  as  generally  through  ir^jrwr^,  AreDeniers;  twelve 
whereof  makes  a  Solj  and  twenty  Sols  a  Livre ;  and  by  thefe  they 
keep  their  Accompts      ^ 

But  the  common  Coins  are  the  Gold  and  Silver  £ew^«r*s,  the  Gold 
Le'wts  weighing  eleven  Deniers  and  twelve  Grains,  the  fame  weight 
witlithe  Spanejh  Fiffol,  and  the  fame  Standard ;  once  it  was  ten  Livres, 
now  it  paiieth  for  Eleven  Livres ;  the  French  Livre  is  commonly  reckon- 
ed to  be  one  Shilling  fix  pence  Sterling,  and  the  Golden  Lewis  16  s, 
6d.  Englijh. 

The  Silver  L«M;*f  weigheth  twenty  one  Deniers  md  twelve  Grains, 
little  more  than  a  Spaniflt  piece  of  Eight,  and  about  the  fame  Standard, 
and  now  goeth  for  three  Livres,  or  fixty  Sols,  and  is  accounted  for 
4/.  6d.  Englijh ;  but  the  Par  in  Exchange  is  fometimes  lefs  than  $6, 
fometimes  more  than  72  d.  Sterling  for  a  Crown  French, 

Their  Weight  is  the  Quintaloia.  hundred  pound,  at  fixteen  Ounces 
to  the  pound,  which  makes  at  London  a  hundred  and  ten  pound 
Subtle. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  Alne^  which  makes  about  forty  five  Inches 
Engltfj. 


Tt 


Of 


3»fi 


•-^.j  io 


R/G  ^,  an  Archbifliop's  See,  and  of  great  Commerce.  Commo- 
dities here  fornd,  are  Hemp  both  Rine  and  Pafs,  Flax,Ofens,  and 
String-flax f  Clap- Boards,  Wainfcpts,  Oart,  Tot-ajhes,  &C. 

Coins  are  RixJoBars,  Guilders,  and  Grofx, ;  thirty  Grofz,  is  a  Guilder, 
three  Guilders  a  Z>0il^4r  ;  and  a  GM//</er  is  one  Shilling  and  fixpence  Ster' 
ling,  as  vulgarly  reckoned. 

Weight  is  the  pound,  whereof  twenty  make  a  Ie//>w»</;  and  twen- 
ty Lifpound  a  Ship-pound,  which  is  three  hundred  and  a  quarter  Engltjh, 

Meafure  is  the  £11,  whereof  a  hundred  fixty  fix  and  a  half  make  a 
hundred  Yards  Englfpi,  ^'  -  •  •       '  v     - 

Of  Roan. 

THE  Kintal  At  Roan  in  Normandy  is  104/.  Engltfh  119/.     The 
Aulne  is  46  Inches  £ff^///^ ;  but  for  Linnen  isaflowed  24  Aukes, 
for  20. 

Two  Deniers  make  i'Doohk,  12  Deniers  make  a  ^om,  20  50»i  make 
a  LfxTtf,  which  is  js,6d.  Englijh,  and  is  called  a  Fr^»/&  ;  60  Sols,  or 
3  Livres  is  a  Fr«»cj&  Crown,  or  Lew^,  which  weighs  21  Deniers 
12  Grains,  and  is  4  a  6d,  Englifh, 

Of  Rome. 

THeir  Coins  are  Ducats  or  Croji'wj  of  Gold,  which  is  worth  eleven 
Julio's  or  Paulo's;  the  Crown  of  Silver  is  worth  ten  Julio's,  the 
Julio  is  worth  ten  Bajoches,  or  forty  Quatrins,  the  Bajoche  is  worth  one 
Sold£ouT  Dfwcrj  fmall  Money  of  Rome, 

lll^heir  Weight  is  the  ^in;^  of  a  hundred  ppund,  which  makes  in 
Ltndon  eighty  ppund. 

Their  Meafures  are  two,  the  one  for  Woollen,  the  other  for  Lin- 
nen; the  o^e  is  the  Cane,  and  eight  Palms  make  a  Cane,  aqd  thirty 
Canes  is  fifty  five  Ells  and  a  half  Engltjh. 

The  other  is  the  Brace,  whiclii  is  three  Paln^  an^  a  h^fof  th^faid 
Cane. 


.0/ 


Of  Quidi  WiightV  mH  mfurhi 


»t 


otnmo- 
niy  and 

ce  Stev 

]  twen- 
Enrltft. 
make  a 


/.    The 
4  Aukes, 

ms  make 

Sols,  or 

I  Deniers 


'th  eleven 
olio's,  the 
vorthone 

makes  in 

r  for  Lin- 
ipd  thirty 

sfchefaid 


.0/ 


'    Of  sm  Mild  Ctdiz. 

Slvil  is  the  faireft  Gty  of  all  Spain,  and  of  the  great<5ft  Trade.   ; 
Its  Commodities  are  Wool,  Silk  and  Oranges,  Gold,  Silver, 
Tobacco,  Ginger,  Cottons,  Sugar,  C^-f.  being  the  produd  of  the  We- 
ftern  InMes, 

The  Merchants  keep  their  Accompts  as  in  other  places  ofSfain,  in 
Mervedes  and  Rials ;  and  the  Exchanges  are  made  upon  the  imagina> 
ry  Ducat oi  ^j^  Mervedes,  which  is  fomething  above  $  s,  SJ.Sterhn^, 
But  the  Rial  inSivUis  worth  but  34  Mervedes,  and  fo  fome  keep  their 
Accompts  in  Rials  of  34  Mervedes  to  the  Rial,  which  is  about  6  pence 
ETiglifljy  and  foit  is  generally  efteemed  throughout  all  Spain, 

The  DoblcnoiCafiilc  is  worth  37 >  Mtrytdes,  but  the  Dohlon  currant 
oiCarline  Money  is  |j  Mervedes.  ■"    ■>' 

.    ;4  Merves  is  a  Rm/,  8  JRw/;  is  a  piece  of  Eight,  and  ji  Rials  is 
a  Single  Piftol,  64  7?wA  is  a  Double Piltol. 

Note,  that  there  is  an  Advance  of  6  per  Cent,  on  Pieces  of  i  above 
8  Rials.     And  2  R/Wj  BeiUon  b  one  RW  of  Plate, 

Their  Weight  is  the  Ktntal  of  100 /.Subtle,  at  4  Roves  to  the  Kir. 
tal,  each  Rox/e  being  z$l.  which  Kintal  is  faid  to  make  about  108  /. 
in  Enilifli.  ,  '  •,•■     )  ^.^•r^',  >:..Jrj/ f",  -.  ._.  ,'V,;|;    \ 

The  Common  Meafure  is  the  F'are,  a  hundred  whereof  makes' in 
London  74  Ells. 

Liquid  Meafure  is  the  Rove,  which  is  about  4  Gallor^s  Englifi,   Fpjir 

Qttarteels  is  a  Somar..    8  5(J»»<»w  is  a  JRow  for  Oyl  anfl  Wine.  ^  ^^'^ 

naga  of  Corn  is  a  Bufhel  an^  half  Englijh,^  _  . ,     ,  '    1  0  ' ; 

■.'•>!.';..   :!-'' I>rw.  r-- ^):!f  .'•  "-:•":<••■;'     Jii^.iiv  iLiJw  .\nj;  .1  "V: 

...  ^       0/" Stockholm.  1,:-.  i.<i 

S7<?fi6W«»isfeatedinwa(tFy  Marflies,  upoti  tlieLakeAieilbr,  fecured 
by  the  two  Forts,  tVaxhtlm  and  Digne,  beddes  fortiHed  with  a 
Itrong  Cattle,  wherein  are  faid  to  be  400  Brafs  Guns. 

Her  Commodities  are  Iron ,  Steel,  Copper  and  Lead,  and  other 
Minerals ;  alfo  Honey,  Wax,  Tallow,  Hides,  from  Mojcow. 

Coins  are  the  fame  generally  currant  in  all  Sweeden,  mz.  D6^i:r:, 
which  are  divided  into  Marks,  8  whereof  makes  3^  Dollar,  by  which 
they  Exchange  in  other  Countries. 

Their  Weight  and  Meafure  is  the  fame,  as  far  as  I  can  find,  with 
Riga* 

'.•'■■    ^        T  c  2  Of 


P4 


OfColns^  JViightSi  skd  Mesfii^iit 


^^ 


0/  Venice. 


"        .r  .0/ Vienna.     ,^ 

THeir  Weight  is  the  pound,  which  in  fome  Commodities  is  divi- 
ded into  32  Coots,  and  in  fome  into  28  Pints ;  the  loo/.  doth 
make  at  London  12J  /.  in  Circa, 

Their  Meafuresare  two,  the  one  for  Linnen,  the  other  forWooI- 
len;  the  hundred  yards  at  London  makes  here  a  hundred  and  three 
Ells  in  Linnen,  and  a  hundred  and  thirteen  Ells  in  Woollen..    •    , 

Their  Exchange  is  by  Riz,dollars  of  eight  Shillings  Flemijh,  and  by 
Dww^i  of  Gold  at  twelve  Shillings  F/fw/j^.. 

Ttleir  Commodities  are  Wines,  Oyl,  Rice,  Paper,  Quick-filver, 
Looking-glafs,  Annifceds,  Venice-Treacle,  Aloes,  Silk;  the 
Commodities  of  Turkie,  and  the  produft  of  India,  Perfta,  Arabia,  and 
Egift,  ■  . 

Accompts  are  kept  here  by  fome  in  Livres,  Soh  and  Grofz,es,  reckon- 
ing 12  D«»/fn  Grolz  to  the  Sol,  and  20  Soh  to  the  Lix&ei  s;  Sol  and 
z  Deniers  is  a  Crofz,  and  24  Grojz,  makes  a  currant  Ducat,  which  is  fix 
Livrei  4  Soh. 

By  others  in  Ducats  and  Grojz^s,  at  6  L/wj-j  and  4  Soh  fer  Ducat j 
reckoning  24  Grofz,  to  a  Ducat.  ^  . . 

Others  by  Livref.,  Soh  and  Deniers  of  P/Vctf/i,  which  is  th^  currant 
Coin  of  the  City-  ■;'^  i-  '.^sK.fc  ^5,.^:....^  ^^v^r..-..  ^,r.i.w!,.i*>Jv  oiwjx 

'  The^Dftcrf/ of  Gdldis  worth  24  Deniirs;  tner Livre  of  Grofzes  are  of 
two  forts,  one  </e  JS<?»co,  ufually  valued*at4/.  /^d.  Sterling,  rfieotlier 
At  3  /.  4  J.  which  varieth  according  to  the  rife  and  fall  of  Money  in 
Exchange.  '  ^ 

By  the  Monthly  account  of  1687,  'tis  faid  that  the  Ducats  which 
were  worth  7  Livers,  will  go  henceforward  for  no  more  than  6.  The 
Pifloh  which  were  valued  at  11,  are  fet  at  9  Livrej  12  Soh,  and  the 
reft  proportionable. 

Their  Weights  are  of  4  forts,  the  100  /.  Grofz.\si^%l.  Subtle,  and 
ie6  Englifl}. 

Thb  100/.  Subtle  for  fine  Goods,  is  83/.  and  a  half  Grofz, ,  and 
makes  at  London  6j^I.    fome  fay  66,    And  ioo  £»^///^  is  i5'i  f^enice 
Subtle. 
'    The  ICO  /.  of  Silver  or  Gold  Thread  is  116/.  8  Ounces  Subtle, 

The  other  is  for  Silver,  Gold,   and  Gemms. 

'Their 


I 


IS  divi- 
|o  /.  doth  . 

I  r  Wool- 
id  three 

I,  and  by 

.  "  *■,'■■ 
ick-filver, 
Silk ;  the 
rahiay  and 

r,  reckon- 

5  Sol  and 

fhkh  is  fix 

per  Ducat, 

he  .currant 

^  'HUii.. 

>fzet'ZYQ  of 
,  theotlier 
Money  in 

\cats  which 
an  6.  The 
Is,  and  the 

S«^//tf,  and 

hofz, ,  and 
1 5"  I  Venice 

1  Subtle. 

Their 

4^ 


0/  Cc#«/,  Weights^  and  Mesfttres.  ^x% 

Their  Meafures  are  two,  called  the  Braces,  the  one  for  Silks,  Da> 
mask,  ^c.  of  which  j  5m«/  make  3  Yards  EngUfh,  pr  one  5r4ctf  is 
22  Inches  g  £:»g///Z?. 

The  other  for  StufFa,  Linnen,  &e.  whereof  ^  makes  2  £lls  and  a 
half  Engltjh,  or  the  ^rut*  is  2  y  Ewg/^/fc  Inches. 

Wine  is  fold  by  a  Meafure  called  the  Amphora  which  is  4  Bigorz,a*s\ 
the  Bigorza  is  4  Quarts,  the  Quart  ^Sachies,  ihcSacbie  4  LfraV. 

Oyl  is  fold  as  well  by  weight  as  meafure,  the  meafure  is  called  the 
Miro,  which  makes  by  mealure  2y  /.  and  by  weight  30  /.  3  Ounces. 


Of  the  Coins y  Weights  and  Meafures  of  the 
i.        .  Chief  Cities  in  A^u,   ^      ,  ,     . 


;■> 


1  Of  Arabia. 

if  .  .    ■' 

^  H  ^H  E  Money  of  j4rabia*h  called  Larlm,  and  are  in  value  as 
I  one  of  the  Fretich  Crowns,  only  they  want  in  weight  8  Sous 
I  of  the  Frwc/6  Crown,  or  Rial  of  Spain,  which  is  about  14 

JAi.  ;)frC««f.  lofs.  Tliefe  £rfr/»j  are  the  Ancient  Coins  of  ^7?*7, 
,but  only  currant  in  Arabia,  and  at  Balfera,  and  along  the  PerfianGulf, 
where  they  take  80  Larins  for  one  Toman,  which  is  yo  Abajfls.  Ano- 
ther Author  I  find,  that  faith,  that  all  the  Coins  throughout  all  Ara- 
bia, efpecially  Arabia  Falix,  are  the  fame,  or  at  lead  dp  correfpond 
with  thofe  under  the  Grand  Signio/s  Dominions.  In  other  places,  viz,. 
the  A/per,  60  whereof  (or  rather  80  )  makes  a  Rial  of  8  Spanijh,  or  a 
Dollar  I  alfo  100  Afpers  are  reckoned  for  a  Sultanie,  Cbe>^uin,  Zecbin, 
or  Sheriff,  which  are  the  common  Gold  Coins,  and  held  to  be  ^bout 
8  J.  Ster. 

That  their  Weights  are  alfo  much  tne  fame  with  thofe  of  Turkey, 
viz,,  the  Drachm,  of  which  10  makes  an  Ounce,  and  14  Ounces  a 
Rotello,  24  Rotello\  is  a  Fracello,  which  is  25/.  1  z  Ounces  Englifh,  1  f 
Fracello'sls  ACantar^  or  as 'tis  called  at  AJea^  a  Babar,  making  about 
^86 1.  Englijh. 

Their  Meafure  is  alfo  Turkijh,  viz..  the  ^ico,  efteemed  to  be  26  In- 
ches and  a  half  Englijh, 

■    ■■!  -■  .  •■       ■■"■■  \    V 


^ 


*^ 


•"V— ff  ^'V'^T'- 


<\V 


<■  "-flfft- 


^U^  OfCoiMi,  Weights  f  hhA  Meifa^ei. 

Of  the  Cbkf  Cms  in  Turkey,  &*c. 


fl.r    ?>--» 


/  0/ Aleppo. 

ALepfoh  the  moft  Famous  City  of  all  the  Grand  Sijrnms  Domini- 
ons, and  is  felted  about  loo  Englijh  miles  from  JlexanJretta 
or  Scamlaroon,  which  is  the  Sea-port  and  Road  for  all  Ships  to  lade 
or  unlade  their  Goods,  which  sxt  tranlported  by  GameU  to  Alefpo. 

Commodities  are  Silks^  Chamlets,  Galnuts,  Vfilaneed,  which  is  a 
fort  of  Acorn-fliell  (  which  the,  Curriers  ufe  to  drefs  their  Leather  ) 
Gotten.  Yarn,  Mohairs,  Soap,  Drugs  of  all  forts.  Galls,  &c. 

Coins  of  the  Country  are  Shehees,  of  which  16  make  a  Piece  of 
Eight,  and  14  of  them  a  Lyon  Dolbr.  The  Sultanie,  which  is  two 
Dolhrsor  Pieces  of  Eight,  which  is  80  Afpers,  the  Lyon  Dollar  is 
70  Afpers. 

Thevenot  fays.  That  aC  Aleffo  the  Piaiter  of  Rials  is  u'orth  80  Af- 
pers. The  Boguelle  70.  The  Schaied  y  Afpers,  and  16  Schaieds  for 
a  Plainer,  and  14  for  a  Boguelle. 

The  Weights  are  the  Drachm,  artd  the  Rottulo,  which  differs  in 
Drachms  according  to  the  Commodities. 

The  Rottulo  is  4/.  1;  Ounces,  that  is  720  Drachms. 

The  Rottulo  for  the  Verjian  or  Ledg-filkis  680  Drachms,  72^^  Ounces. 

The  Balladine  Rottulo  is  720  Drachms,  745  Ounces.  1  he  Alepfo 
Rortle7«ef.  ' 

The  tripo;;  Silk  Rottulo  is  the  fame. 

The  Caftravan  Silk  Rottulo  is  6co  Drachms,  4  /.  Enghfhy  and  y  /. 
MarfeiUes. 

The  Alefpo  Wells  is  120  Dnchms,  i;  Ounces  Ettgltflj.    - 

The  Cyprus  Gotten  Kintal  of  100  Rottulo's  5-06/.  Englifh. 

The  Kintal  of  100  Rottulo's  is  62  j/.  Levorm, 

The  Oque  contains  4.00  Drachms. 

Others  tell  us,  a  Kintal  of  ico  Rottulo's  is  450 /.  EvgUpi,  called  a 
Can  tar. 

A  Wefro  of  Silver  is  100  Drachms,  and  there  is  a  Wefno  of  3600 
Drachms,  60  Drachms  to  one  Ounce,  a.'d  10  Ounces  to  the  Rottclio, 
which  is  about  4  /.  14  Ounces  AvrirJupoije ;  fo  that  1 12  /.  Avcrdufoije 
is  22  Rottello's  8  Ounces ;  and  100  Rotcello's  is  a  Cantar,  which  is 
48 1  /.  Avoirdupo'tie. 

Gold, 


Gold,  Silver,  PreciousStones,  c^r.  arefoldby  theMittagal,  which 
is  one  Drachm  and  a  half:  a  Drachm  is  fixty  Carrats,  and  a  Carrat 
is  four  Grains, 

The  Meafufc  is  the  Pico,  which  is  27  Inches,  or  threequartes  bfa 
Yard  Erglijh, 

The  meaiiirc  Pikeisfofa  Yard£»f/</fc.    .  .  '■ 

»  * 

Of  Alexandria. 

A  Kintal  is  10;  /.  EngUlh,    A  100  Rottulo's  is  lor  per  MerfeiUes, 
530  Rottulo's  is  a  Sctba,  which  is  120/.  Livome. 

0/Bagdat.  - 

THevenot  tells  us,  that  the  Patman  makes  three  Rottuloesof  Aleppo, 
or  6  Oques  and  3  Ounces.  That  the  Abaffi  is  worth  there  two 
Chau  and  5.  The  Piafter  Rial  is  worth  8  Cbaitj  ^and  each  Cbait  y  Pa- 
fas,  and  the  Vara  is  4  Afpers.  The  Boquelle  is  worth  7  Cbau»  The 
7«r/^i/fcC%«/»  is  worth  18,   th&  Venetiani<)  Chaii, 

Of  Smyrna. 

C^/1^r»^  Weight,  180  Drachms  is  a  Rottello. 

\^  100  Rottelio's  is  a  Kintal  of  45*  Oaks,  and  is  119/.  Englift, 

44  Oaks  i?  a  Kintal. 

2400  Drachms,  or  6  Oaks  is  a  Battman. 

40  D  Drachms  is  an  Oak,  which  is  2/,  11  Ounces,  Avoir,  Englijh, 

800  Drachms  is  a  Chigue. 

25*0  Drachms  is  an  Oak  Opium.  '     {  \ 

120  Drachms  is  an  Oak  of  Saffron.  v        r       .,         » 

146  Drachms  is  a  Pound  £»f///fe.  .  '' 

To  reduce  Rottulo's  into  Oaks,  multiply  by  9,  and  take  the  half 
theieof  cubing  off  the  Laft  t  igure,  and  multiply  that  by  20.  To  bring 
Oaks  into  Rottello's;>erCf»/.  that  is,  multiply  by  20,  and  divide  by  9. 

To  bring  Rottello's  into  Battmans,  multiply  by  3,  ..n  off  the  laft 
figure,  and  divi'^e  by  4,  adding  the  remainder  to  t'  3  figure  cut  off, 
•vhich  mult,  by  60. 

To  bring  Battman's  into  Rot.  mult,  by  40,  and  divide  by  3. 

To  reduce  Battmans  into  Kintals,  mulr.  by  2,  and  divide  by  r  f . 

To  bring  Kintals  into  Batt  mans,  multiply  by  if,  then  take  the  half ; 
for  75  Battmans  is  a  Kintal.  By 


—T^IP^^BIP 


„,.:-.^, 


1. 


3^ 


Qf  Coinsi  0^(igkl^  4nd  ^sfkre/v 


By  the  Kimal  of  4  f  Oaks  are  fold  Gotten*yarn  in  forts,  Galls, 
AUoai,  Lead,  Brazeel-wood,  Bees-wax,  Valonea,  Logwood,  Steel, 
Sugar,  Gums,  Almonds.  By  the  Kintal  of  44  Oaks  is  fold  Cocten- 
wool,  and  Sheepswool  in  forts,  Tin,  Annifeeds  and  Boxwood. 

By  the  Buttman  is  fold  fcveral  forts  of  Silks.  By  the  Oak- is  fold 
Pepper,  Cloves,  Mace,  Benjamin,  Galbanum, Sea-horfe-Teeth,Gum- 
Arrabeck,  Indigo,  Wormfeeds ,  Caffia  of  C^iro^  Senna ,  Rhubarb, 
Scamony,  Agarick,  Cochineal,  white  Cordivants;  and  by  the 
Cheque  is  fold  Goats  Hair  beaten  or  unbeaten. 

Commodities  are  Raw  Silk,  which  the  Armenians  bring  out  of  P/r- 
fia,  Chamlet-yarn,  and  Chamlet  or  Goats-hair,  which  come  from  y^»- 
gourif  Gotten  twifted,  Skins  and  Cordovants  of  feveral  colours,  Cali- 
cuts  white  and  blew.  Wool  forMatriflcs,  Tapeftries,  quilted  Cover- 
lets, Soap,  Rhubarb,  Galls,  Valleneed,  Scammony,^  and  Opium. 

The  Cuftom  paid  by  the  En^lt(hh  3  per  Cent,  as  generrally  through- 
out all  Turkey. 

The  Coins  currant  of  Smyrna  arc  the  fame  with  Confiantimfky  and 
they  keep  their  Accompts  in  the  fame  nature,  and  therefore  I  fhall 
refer  you  thither. 

The  Weights  of5w;rw;»  and  5fw  are  the  fame,  i/i?..  the  Drachm,  of 
which  1 80  makes  a  Rottello,  100  Rottcllo's  makes  a  Quintal,  which 
is  4^  Oaks,  and  is  119  /.  Englijh;  400  Drachms  alfo  make  an  Oak, 
which  is  2/.  II  Ouncgs  and  a  ha\(  Avoirdupoife  Englifh. 

Their  Meafure  is  the  Pico,  which  is  about  ^  of  a  Yard  Englifu 

Of  Jerulalem,  or  of  the  Hebrew  Cohs^  &c. 

ALihough  in  all  the  Land  of  Judaa^  Talefttne^  or  the  Holy  Land, 
there  is  not  now  any  City  of  Trade  or  Commerce ;  yet  1  cannot 
omit  what  was  once  Remarkable,  and  may  be  of  ufe  to  many  to  knovtr 
the  Coins,  Weights  and  Meafures  of  the  Jews  in  the  flouriihing  days 
of  their  State  and  GrandetT, 

Cold.  A  Darken,  or  Dragmon,  of  which  we  read  Es:,ra  8.  27.  and 
Ezrjt  2. 6, 9.  in  Greek  ^es^Xf^^y  which  the  EKgliJh  render  a  Px^chm,  the 
value  was  about  i<j;  s.  Eng^ifh-^  the  Drachm  of  Silver  i  s.  ^d.  ■) 

Silver.  AGorabj  rendred  Gerahand  Megnahy  the C(6<»///c  Para phrafe, 
by  the  Greeks^  Obolos;  by  the  En^lifh,  a  Piece  of  Silver,  i  Sam.  2.  56. 
Exod.  30. 3 1,  accounted  to  be  about  1  dl 

Stiver,  Argenteus,  Heb.  Cefephy  or  Kejfph,  a  Pieceof  Silver ;  when  it 
ftandeih  for  a  Shekel  of  the  Sanduary,  it  is  in  value  is.  6d.  when  it 
fiandsfor  a  comnion  Shekel,  it  is  i  s,  id, 

Argentem, 


Of  Coi/fs,  JVei^'^fSf  dHd Mtdfurh, 


ills, 
teel, 
Iten- 

fold 
ixxm- 
}arb, 
the 

Fer- 

Art' 
[Cali- 
kover- 


) 


?19 


' Argent  em  i  Qraeus  the  Attkh  Drachm,  AB  19.  19.  valued  at  feven 
pence  half-peny. 

hraff,  A  Janus  or  Afarium,  by  the  Rabbins  Ifir,  by  the  Greeks  Afio' 
rion  ;  a  RtmanCom  weighing  four  Grains,  the  96  part  of  the  Vigab, 

Shekel,  Matth.  10. 29.  is  in  value  one  Farthing  and  \. 


or 


Silver »  Denarius  the  Roman  Peny,  A/<iw.  18. 28*  with  the  Image  6f 
C^e/i»r,  Ai4»r.  22.  21.  It  was  a  fourth  of  the  Stlgah  of  the  Caldea,xs^  or 
Shekel  of  the  Hebrews^  in  value  feven  pence  half-peny  £ff^/^;  and  this 
was  the  common  Peny. 

Silver,  Drachma,  one  fourth  of  tke  Shekel^  equal  to  the  Roman  De- 
narius or  peny,  Luke  1  y.  8, 9. 

Silver.  Di(lrachmttmh.2Mz^\ifkt\,  thepeny  of  the  San^uary,  Exod, 
30.  i;.  was  IS,  %d. 

Gerab,  in  the  C/&ji/</irtf  Paraphrafe  Megna,  thtMega  of  the  Arabians  ^ 
one  fifth  of  a  Drachm,  ^part  of  a  Shekel  of  the  Sanduary,  thr^ehalf- 
pcncQ  Englifh.  ?:-.. -i     i  .:  - 

Kefepb,  Gen.  20. 16.  &  23. 16.  &  43.  21.  &  1  Sam.  18.  li.  the 
fame  with  Cefepb^  and  Argenteus  Hebraus,  thQCbalJeanSilgabovJevfifii 
Shekel,  2  s.  6  a. 

Kejhitab  Heb.  a  Lamb,  Gen.  ;;.  19.  3^0/]Er.  24.  24.  Job  42.  11.  the^ 
lame  with  OMus  and  Gercb,  .  •"   .'.i' 

A  A/4»«/&  of  Silver  contams  5o  Hebrew  Shekels,  Ezek.  4;.  12.  is  1% 
Englijh  7  /.  10  /. 

A  A/<i»fi&  of  Gold,  it  weigh'd  100  Hebrew  Drachms,  200  GrecuA 
Drachms,  or  100  Shekels ,  i  Kings  10. 17.  2  Cbron,  9.  16.  of  our 
Money  it  made  75:/.  '' 

ThQ  Shekel  {xomShakel,  Tonderare  &  Lihrare,  was  twofold,  th^She- 
kel  of  the  Sand);uary,  and  the  common  Shekel,  which  was  but  half 
the  other.  The  Shekel  by  fome  was  reckoned,  a^  -as  faid  before,  for 
zs.6d.  Englijh;  by  Sir  fValter  Raleigh  at  2  j.  4  by  Mr.  Greave^ 
and  the  Primate  ol  Ireland,  at  2  s.  fZ  according  to  which  one  Manj^ 
of  Silver  will  be  7  /.  j  d.  of  our  Money. 

One  Talent  will  make  ^62/.  10  j.  Gold  is  generally  accounted  ts 
be  12  times  as  much  in  vdue  as  the  like  quantity  of  Silver.  The  pro- 
portion in  Egland  being  one  to  14  and  one  third,  that  is  one  Ounce 
of  Gold  is  worth  of  Silver  }  /.  14J.  xd.  and  the  Ounce  of  pure  Silver 
is  worth  $  s.^d.  half  peny  ;  fo  that  a  Drachm  of  Gold  at  17/.  ^  d, 
ob^l,  the  Shekel  is  2  /.  9  s.  The  Talent  will  be  43  jo  /.  According  to 
which  Computation  King  David  and  his  Princes  gave  towards  the 
buildingof  the  Temple  838Millions477Thoufand  3  62  pounds  13/.  6-^. 


Uu 


Of 


^. 


\f9<\ 


i.5i 


0/  Ctfiif/,  Weights^  md  Mtafuris, 


*      ;      T  -f      Q/*  '^^  Hebrew  ff^/^/&r/.  ' 

The  Common  Weights  were  "*.   f  or  Weights  of  the  SanAuary. 
8  Drachms                     I   |      i6  Drachms 

V  ^'^^  4  Shekels      ^: .-  -  ,    >  ^     8  Shekels 
^V       2  Staters       .-'^-^'"^  '  '  I   1     a  Staters 


Ounce 


.-<-■'-''  I   1     4 


Ounce. 


■    ■       ■■^..■•^'> 

A  Shekel  Is  about  the  weight  of  an  EngUfh  half  Crown,  or  half  an 
Ounce. 

f3»  Mr.  Greaves  and  Rivet  faith,  that  thediftiiKaionof  adouble 
§hekel,  the  one  Sacred,  tqmXio tYi^Tetra-Drachme,  theotiicrProphane 
weighing  the  Didrachme,  is  without  any  folid  Foundation  in  Writ,  and 
without  any  probabilty  of  Reafon  in  a  Wife  State.  » :i  ff     :ia 

The  H«^r£3/^  Cubit  contained  of  our  meafure  according  to  Guildhall 
Standard,,  17  Inches  ^  or  |  of  an  Inch,  exaftly  anfwermg  to  the  Ro- 
man foot  and  a  half.  It  was  a  meafure  from  the  Elbpw  to  the  Fingers 
end,  vulgo  Si  foot  and  a  half,  Deut.  3 .  11.  The  holy  Cubit  contained 
two  common  Cubits,  i  King.  7.  i  y.  i  Chron.  3.  i  f.  The  King's  Cubit 
was  three  fingerslonger  than  the  common  Cubit.  v  v  ji  ,^    ,  ^  > 

The  Geometrical  Cubit  contained  6  common  C^ubits,  according 
to  which  was  l>Joab's  Ark  built. 

The  Barah,  tranflated  often  MiUarium,  lignifieth  fo  much  ground 
as  may  be  travelled  in  half  a  day  between  Meal  and  Meal. 

Kaneb,  Arundo,  the  Reed,  fix  Cubits  and  a  hand's  breadth,  Ez,tk, 
40.,  f.  the  ufe  of  it  was  to  meafure  Building,  Rev.  2j.  if. 
'  *  Stadium,  a  Furlong,  containing  iij  paces.  ^ 

Za^bady  Zemed,  and  Berotb,  Gen.  ^f.  16.  a  little  way  or  piece  of 
grbund  containing  1000  Cubits,  an  Hebrew  mile,  about  500  Englijh 
yards. 
^  .Ztrtfkp Spitbama,  and  D^dransy  a  Span;  Exod.  38.  16.  lfa» ^0.  ii. 


Dry  Meafure, 


''   1  find  the  Epbab  is  ftated  at  yi/.  I  which  reduced  into  EngJtflj  Mea- 
'  fure  makes  (ix  Gallons  one  Pottle  and  half  a  Pint,  and  i  o  Epbahi  made 
one  Omer;  the  Omer  was  1  Pottle  i  Pint  3  Ounces,  and  10  Omen 
,tiiade  I  Efbab, 


Liquid 


ry. 


Liquid 


-V 


j}» 


'  I    c  '•   '"  'I  \^  ■*    -'V 


yy 


Cf  Com,  Weights,  Mfid  Mesfins: 
^"-      '  ■    Liquid  Meafure,        .V      '        >      -^ 

■J    «-.    '■■  ■  ......'.   ,,^  .,"    ;  ■  '-'5',:'     i- 

■'■    Their  Liquid  Meafiires  were  the  Log,  Hitt,  ahd  Bath ;  The  54/<&is 

ordinarily  reckoned  of  like  quantity  with  the  Epbab,  tnore  exactly  it 

is  51  Pints  and  a  half,  or  by  others  6  Gallons  one  Pottle  and  a  half. 

The  Hin  is  one  Gallon  and  three  quarters  of  a  Pint,  which  is  the 

6^/&.  partof^B^;j&. 

The  Lo^  is  the  one  u  of  the  Hin,  that  is  |  of  a  Pint,  and  ^  of  an 
Ounce,  that  is  3  quarters  of  a  Pint,  wanting  but  the  |  part  of  an 
Ounce ;  fo  that  the  |  part  of  a  Hlxi  isalmoft  one  quarter  of  a  Pint. 

'  0/the  Cotp^f  kcofPevCiSL.         -^    '/       ^ 

TH  E  Commodities  of  Perjia  are  Gold,  Silver,  Raw  Silk  in  great 
abundance  j  fome  Drugs  and  Spices,  Wine-fruits,  feveral  Manu- 
factories, 'viz,.  Carpets,  Arra^-work,  Hangings,  Cloath  of  Gold  and 
Silver,  and  fine  CottenCloths. 

The  Coins  in  Perfia  are  Real  and  Nominal;  Real  Coins  are  Bifii's 
Shaxet*j,  Mamoudts  and  Ahaffis;  ^Bifii  is  a  tenth  of  an  AbaJJi,  a  Sbaxet 
is  a  fourth  of  an  Ahaffi,  and  the  AhaJ[Ji  is  valued  at  16  d.  Sterling,  or 
18  Sous  6  Denier s.  The  Nominal  Coins  are  Larins,  Ors,  and  Tornund: 
a  Tarh  is  2  Shaxes  |,  and  18  Larins  to  a  Tomond  in  Commerce  at  Gam^ 
rm,  but  in  no  other  place ;  an  Or  is  accounted  for  Ave  Ahaps,  6  u 
lid*  Englijb,  and  a  Tomond  for  ten  Oi  or  fifty  Abajfis,  which  i$  in 
value  3  /.  9^.  EKgli(h.  Rix  Dollars  And  Pieces  of  Eight  paG  for  14 
Shaxets,  or  5  AbaJJi's  I  p^r  Piece. 

Tbevenot  tells  us.  That  the  Tiafiers  are  commonly  worth  13  5^/&<9i/  if 
full  weight ;  i;  I  a  B//?/.  The  Bifii  confifts  of  4  Casbegbis,  of  which 
10  makes  a  Schais,  The  moft  currant  Money  are  the  Abaffi's,  Matpcu- 
dtf,  Scbau  and  Casbaghis  ;  the.  AbaJJi  is  of  the  value  of  4  Schftky  wl^h 
is  about  18  Sols  French  The  Mamottdi  contains  two  Scbflis,  whioh  is 
about  9  50/f,  the  iSrii/ about  450/^3,  and  ihQ  Casbeghi  ^  Denifrs\.  The 
Jo«7o»</ is' worth  if  Ftajicrsy  or  ^oAbdjjTs^  the  5fl«»e/fo  is  worth  three 
Abfljjis  or  12  Scbats. 

•^H  in  Geometry,  It' kwaof  cells  us,  the  Ffr/^j^j  make  ufe  of  a  certain 
Meafure  called  a  i-ayjangey  which  is  3  Miles.  The  Miles  contain 
4000  Cubits,  the  Cubit  24  Fingers  (^  which  by  an  Experiment  he 
made,  he  finds  roi^c  18  Inches,  or  a  common  Foot  and  half,  which  is 
exadly  theCubii-^f  *fheFiriger  is  6  Barly-corns  laid  fide-ways,  fo  that 

U  u  2  the 


! 


*^. 


3J2  Of  Coins^  Weight s^  and  Mea/ures, 

the  Mile  will  be  6000  common  Feet.    And  a  degree  to  to  contain  22 
Farjangesj  Of  Parafivges,  and  |  which  is  much  about  a  French  League. 

Their  Weights  are  various,  viz,,  the  MaurJJhaw,  which  is  about 
13  pound  Avoirdu^oif^  for  Silk. 

Tlie  MaundSurrat  contains  two  and  a  halfof  the  other,  and  is  ufed 
for  grofs  Goods,  efpepially  at  Gombrou. 

The  Load,  or  Cargo,  which  contains  thirty  fix  Maundjhav^s,  makes 
zbovLt  ^S6  I.  Avordupois. 

The  Mittigal  for  Gold,  &c.  whereof  fix  and  a  half  makes  an  Ounce 
Venice.  /        ,  . 

The  Rattee  for  Diamonds,  Pearls,  &c,  wherein  are  twenty  Vah, 
and  twenty  three  Vah  makes  an  Englt^  Carrack. 

Their  Meafuresare  two,  called  Cavedoes,  thegreateftisan  Inch  lon- 
ger than  the  Engli(h  Yard,  and  the  lefTer  is  three  quarters  of  the  other, 
agreeable  to  the  Fieo  of  Turky, 

TavernierfMh,  Their  Wine,  as  all  other  things,  are  fold  by  weight, 
and  not  by  meafure;  and  that  in  the  Year  1666.  the  whole  account  of 
Wines  made  at  Scirof  amounted  to  20002  y  Mens,  the  only  weight  for 
Win^is,  containing  nine  pound  French  at  fixteen  Ounces  to  the  pound, 
or  412;  Tuns  at  300  Pints  to  the  Tun. 


Of  the  CoinSf  &c.  under  the  Domimn  of  the  Great  Mogul. 


inpHE  Commodities  in  Surrat,  Cambaia,  Amadabat,  and  generally 
I  throughout  the  Mogul's  Country,  are  Precious  Stones,  Agats, 
Jalper,  fevcral  Drugs,  Civet,  Sugar-Candy,  Indico,  Lacque,  Salt- 
petre, Musk,  Borags,  Ogium,  Myraboles,  Ginger,  SalArmoniac, 
Amber  and  Rice ;  all  forts  of  Cottens,  Callicoes  of  all  forts.  Carpets 
and  Coverlets  of  Leather,  artificially  wrought  with  Silk  of  all  Co- 
lours, Sattins,  Taffaties,  Velvets,  feveral  ManuCiAoiies  of  Wood 
carved  and  imbelliihed,  as  Desks,  Chefts,  Boxes,  Standiflies,  &c. 

Coins.  The  Roupy  of  Gold  weighs  two  Drachms  and  a  half  and 
eleven  Grains,  and  is  valued  in  the  Country  at  fourteen  Roupies  of 
Silver,  and  the  Roupy  of  Silver  is  reckoned  at  thirty  Sous ;  fo  that  a 
Rcupji  of  Gold  comes  to  twenty  one  Livres  of  France,  the  half  Roup/ 
comes  to  ten  Livres  ten  Sous,  and  the  quarter  Roupy  to  five  Livres  five 
Sous. 

As  for  their  Copper-money,  the  biggeft  fort  is  generally  worth  two 
Sous,  the  next  one  Sous,  the  next  to  that  6  Dcniers,  or  a  Pecha.  In 
Surrat,  Cambaga,  Barach,  Boudra  and  Amadabatg  five  Mamtudies  goes 
•    .  /     for 

.    ■    ■  i 


igue. 
ibout 

ufed 

lakes 

'unce 

Vals, 


Of  CohSf  Weight s,  nffd  Meafures,.       "  '      jj) 

for  a  Crown  or  Real ;  and  for  fmall  iMoney  they  ufe  AlmontJif  whereof 
forty,  fometimes  forty  four,  goes  for  a  Vecha,  which  is  6  DenUn  in 
value ;  there  are  alfo  little  pieces  of  Copper,  whith  are  called  Pechas, 
whereof  twenty  they  give  for  a  Mamaui^ ;  there  is  alfo  in  fome  parts 
Shell-money ,  fifty  or  fixty  of  which  makes  a  ?echa  j  as  for  the  Ma- 
mauJy,  it  is  always  valued  at  forty  i*eeha. 

Their  Weights  are  various.  As  for  Gold,  Silver,  Civet,  Musks, 
Bezarftones.  &€.  they  have  the  Weight  called  the  Toll,  which  is  12 
idajjesj  and  is  feven  penny  fixteen  grains  Troy  weight  Enghfl) ;  nine 
Demers  eight  grains  French. 

Thtvenot  tells  us,  That  at  Surrat  there  are  divers  Heads  of  Weights 
and  Meafures,  but  the  moft  common  Weight  ufed  in  Trade  is  the 
Man,  which  contains  40  Serres  or  Pounds,  and  the  Pound  of  Snrrat 
contains  fourteen  Ounces,  or  thirty  five  Tales.  That  all  Gold  and 
Silver  is  weighed  by  the  Tok,  which  contains  forty  Mangelis,  which 
makes  fifty  fix  of  our  Carats,  or  thirty  two  Fales.  A  yale  is  3  Gongys. 
That  two  Tolets  55  makes  one  Ounce  of  Paris  weight. 

The  A/dw  makes  40  pound  weight  all  the  InMes  over  5  but  the  Pounds 
or  Serrti  vary.  The  Pounds  of  Surrat  are  greater  than  thofe  of  Qal- 
conda ;  and  the  Pound  at  Agra  is  double  to  that  at  Surrat ,  viz,.  28 
Ounces  or  Serres, 

The  Silver  Roupe  is  as  big  as  an  AbaJJiol  Terfia,  it  weighs  a  Tole, 
and  commonly  paifes  for  thirty  French  Sols,  but  is  not  worth  above 
29  or  31  Pechasj,  fometimes  325.  The  Pecha  is  worth  fomething 
more  than  10  French  Denhrs^  and  68  BaJan  or  bitter  Almonds  for  a 
Teeha. 

For  Silk  there  is  the  Pice,  whicli  is  five  Mittigals  and  a  half,  or  two 
Toles,  * 

The  common  Weight  for  other  Cotnraodities  is  the  Sear,  which  is 
various  in  feveral  parts ;  tho^ear  at  Agra  is  twofold,  the  one  is  twen- 
ty fix  Pices,  which  is  26 1  Ounces^  the  other  is  thirty  Pices^  which  is 
22  Ounces  Avokdupoife. 

The  Sear  oi  Surrat  is  eighteen  Pices^  which  is  i  ;i  Ounces  ^w/W«- 
j>oife :  Tavernier  Mthy  *tis  |  of  a  Pound,  and  the  Pound  is  of  fixteen 
Ounces. 

There  is  alfo  the  hundred  Weights  called  MaumU;  forty  Sears  make 
a  Maund  of  thirty  three  pound  Engujl),  and  forty  Sear  makes  a  fmall 
Maund  oifiky  four  Pound  §  0'  Englifh.  Tavemier  faith.  The  Man  is 
69  Pound  at  1 6  Ounces  to  the  •'ou'nd  ;  but  the  Af<i»  which  they  weigh 
their  indico  withal,  is  but  ^;  iaund. 


Their 


\ 


5H  Of  Cows,  Weights,  gnd  Mesfures^' 

Their  Meafurcs  are  aWcd the  Ceva Jo  otCohit,  thefhorter  is  ufcd  for 
Silk  and  Linnen,  and  is  27  Inches  EngUflj ;  the  other  CovaJo  is  diffe- 
rent in  feveral  places,  viz,,  ac  Sunaty  Camkoja,  &c.  it  is  thirty  five 
Inches,  but  in  Jgra,  DeUi,  &c.  it  is  thirty  two  Inches. 

All  Grains  and  Liquid  Commodities  are  fold  by  weight,  there  be- 
ing no  Concave  Meafure  in  any  of  the  Mogul*s  Territories.         ..  >  • 


'  Ti.   ..    t 


■.';  \-r  cy  Pegu WArackan;-'-' '  '■     .;  ^^^:f 

TH  E  King  of  Pegus  Silver  Coin  weighs  two  DracRms  and  a  half 
and  twelve  Grains,  and  makes  about  twenty  Sous  Hx  Deniers. 
And  his  Fano's  or  little  pieces  of  Gold  weigh  feven  Giains>  fifteen  of 
which  palTes  in  value  for  a  Real  or  French  Crown.    ,",".', 

The  King  of  Arackans  Money  weighs  two  Draehms  and  a  half 
and  fifteen  Grains,  and  makes  twenty  one  Som :  He  Coins  no  Gold, 
but  Trafficks  in  Gold  uncoined ;  the  Metal  is  not  worth  above  four*- 
teen  Carats,  one  Carat  being  the  third  part  of  an  Ounce. 

Of  the  Money  which  the  Englifh  Coin  in  the  Indies. 

TH  E  Money  which  the  Englifh  Coin  at  the  Fort  of  St.  George  upon 
the  Coaft  oiCormandeli  they  call  Fagods  (as  thofc  of  the  Kings 
and  Rajas  of  the  Country  are  called  )  are  of  the  fame  weight  for  good- 
nefs,  and  pafs  at  the  fame  value,  which  is  about  the  weight  of  the 
French  half  Piftol ;  but  the  Gold  is  of  bafer  Metal,  fo  that  an  Ounce 
is  not  worth  above  forty  two  gr  forty  three  Livres,  and  not  going  for 
more  than  4  Roupies.  And  ac  the  famous  Port  of  Bombay,  the  Englifh 
have  built  a  ftrong  Fort,  and  Coin  both  Silver,  Copper,  and  Tin, 
but  that  Money  only  pafToth  among  the  EngUfh,  and  the  Villages  along 
the  Coalt  for  two  or  three  teagues  about,  as  'tis  reported. 


•V^  i 


Of  the  Money  which  the  Dutch  Coin  in  the  Indies. 


•;  A  T  Valicate  t\-\Q  Dutch  Com  VagodsoiGoM,  and  7? <?»/'it7  of  Silver, 
jr\  being  of  the  fame  weight  of  thofe  of  the  Great  Mogul,  or  the 

'  King  of  Golconda  and  Vtfapor ;  they  have  alfo  fmall  Copper  Money. 
Four  Roupies  to  a  Vagod,  which  i  abcut  fix  French  Livres.  There  is 
alio  Fanons  half  Gold,  and  halt  Silver,  fix  and  a  half  with  half  a 

quarter- 


"■> 


Of  Cififffy  Weights^  4f$d  MedfureSf 


335' 


quarter-piece,  makes  a  Roupie,  and  26  i  a  Pagod,  Gaz,ers  arefmall  Cop- 
per-pieces, 40  of  which  go  to  a  Fanon,     ^ 

0/  the  Money  in  Sumatra.  ' 

THE  Money  of  Gold  coined  hy'the  King  of  Men/is  better  than 
the  French  Louis  in  goodncfs ,  an  Ounce  being  well  worth 
yo  Franks ;  it  weigheih  ten  Grains ,  and  is  worth  16  Sous  and  8  De- 
niers  of  Fnneb  Money ;  Another  Author  faith,  that  the  Coins  here 
are  the  Catte,  which  is  8  Tayk,  or  6  pound  8  Shillings  Sterling,  A  Tayle 
is  16  Maffes,  or  16  Shillings  Sterlk^  ;  and  a  Mafsis  4  Cupany,  which 
is  twelve  pence  Sterling. 

Their  Weight  is  the  Bahar,  wliich  is  200  Cattes,  a  Catte  is  29  Oun- 
ces Avoirdufoife  Englifli. 


^v-    .., 


TH  E  Commodities  natural  of  Goa  are  inconfiderable,  but  in  Trade 
thereis  the  Commodities  of  the  JW/^/,  oi  Perfia,  Arabia,  Chim, 
&c.  viz..  Precious  Stones,  Gold,  Silver,  Pearls,  Silk,  Cotten,  Spice?, 
Drugs,  Fruits,  Corn,  Iron,  Steel,  &c. 

The  Coins  there,  are  the  Pardaus  Sberapbin,  worth  ^00 Rees  of  Pc:3 
tugaly  or  4  Shillings  6  pence  Englifh. 

The  Pagod  of  Gold  is  worth  10  Tango's,  and  4  Tanga*s  in  good  Mo- 
ney is  one  Pardau,  and  one  Tanga  is  worth  4^good  Ventins^  a  Ventin  is 
worth  I J  Bafaracos,  and  the  Bafaracos  is  about  2  Rees  of  Portugal 
Money. 

The  St.  Thomas  of  Gold  is  worth  8  Tanga's,  and  the  Pardaus  de 
Reales,   is  about  ^^o  Res  of  Portugal, 

Their  Weight  for  Spice  is  the  Bahar,  which  is  three  Quintals  and  a 
half  of  Portugal  Weight ,  and  another  for  Sugar,  Honey,  &c,  which 
is  called  the  Maund,  which  is  12  pound  of  the  aforefaid  Weight. 

Their  Meafures  for  Length  are  the  fame  with  thofe  of  Usbgn, 

Their  Meafures  for  Gi^ins,  Rice,  &c,  is  the  Medida,  24  whereof 
is  a  Maundy  and  twenty  ^Aaunds  is  a  Candel,  which  is  about  fourteen 
Bulhels  EngLfh. 


W 


■  all 


^ 


0/ 


'W_ 


3J« 


Of  Coins,  Wt'iiks,  Mi  Mufnrtu 
Of  the  Coaft  of  Cormandel. 


V  «>»■.-''.  .•'.'•  ^-->*^.  '^ "" 


'■) 


THeir  Commodities  are  Sugars,  Pintedoes^  Grains,  FruicSj  Drugs, 
Precious  Stones,  Criftal,  &c. 
Their  Coins  are  the  Vagoi  of  Gold,  which  is  36  Fanans^  a  Fanan 
is  about  I  d,  value,  and  fo  the  Psg^i  is  9/.  but  the  crue  value  is  8/. 
6d.  or  thereabouts.       s  ./.  .' 

Their  Weight  is  the  CanJet,  which  is  20  Mamnts,  a  Maimd^o  Sesri, 
or  22.  Majfes,  which  is  26  Pound  14  Ounces  E^r^//^.        ^ 


V- 


0/  Bantham. 


TH  E  Commodities  are  Pepper,  Sugar,  Pre(erved  Ginger,  Rice, 
Honey,  &c.  as  alfo  the  produft  of  other  places. 

The  Money  coined  here  are  only  pieces  of  Copper  minted,  in  the 
midft  whereof  is  a  hole  to  haug  them  on  a  firing,  which  they  call 
Petties,  1000  whereof  are  in  value  about  f  Shillings  Sterling.  But 
the  Merchants  keep  their  Accompts  by  Spanijb  Reals  of  8,  which  are 
currant  for  all  forts  of  Commodities. 

Their  Weights  are  the  Babar,  which  is  ;  Picals,  or  569  Pound 
Er/glijh,  the  Pical  is  100  Catteesj  or  132  Pound  Englijh ;  and  a  Cattee 
is  200  5  Ounces  EtigLjh. 

Their  Meafure  of  length  is  the  Covet,  that  is,  one  fifth  of  an  Engliflt 
Yard.    .  - 

Their  Dry  Meafure  is  a  Gantang,  which  is  21  pound  Er/glijh. 

0/Siam.  -      / 

T  HE  Commoditiesof5ww  are  Gotten,  Linnen,  Wine  of Co^/xr, 
or  Indian  Nuts,  Benjamin,  Lac,  Calamba,  Camphora,  Bezar, 
and  Gold. 

The  Coins  there  are  a  piece  of  Gold  Coin,  which  weighs  18  Grains 
more  than  the  Frer^ch  half  Piftol,  and  is  worth  10  s.  yd.  Sterling. 

The  Silver  Coin  is  about  the  bignefs  of  a  large  Hazel-Nut,  weighs 
;  Drachms  and  a  half  and  25  Grains ,  and  is  worth  about  2  Shillings 
y  psncc  Stcrlwg.  ■  X. 


^r 


Their 


i 


Of  Cohs,  fVeigXitSf  Mffd  MisfiiMs.  jj; 

Their  Weights  are  the  Bahar,  which  is  of  two  forts,  their  great  Ba- 
bar  is  loo  Cat  tees,  a  Cattee  is  26  TaiUf  a  7«i/f  is  one  Ounce  and  a  half 
of  Lisbon. 

The  fmall  Babar  is  alfo  zooCattetf  a  C\;rff  i§  22  r^/Zw,  a  r<»i/«  is  an 
Ounce  I  of  Lisbon  Weight.  .  '''   "  ••  '•  ''•  ' 


T^ 


!•: 


0/ China. 


THE  Commodities  are  Rice,  Wheat,  Wool,  Cotten,  Flax, 
Silk  fAW  and  wrought  into  feveral  forts  of  Stuffs,  Fruits^  Ho- 
ney, Wax,  Rubarb,  China-Roots,  Wines,  Sugar,  Camphire,  Musk, 
Civet,  Salt,  Gold,  Iron,  Tin,  Seel,  Quickfilvcr,  Saltpetre,  Porcc- 
laine  Difhes,  Precious  Stones,  Rubies,  Saphires,  Agats,  Pearls,  &c. 

They  pay  their  .V)oney  by  weight,  which  is  denominated  by  Ta- 
lents and  Meafures. 

In  all  the  Kingdom  of  China  there  is  no  Money  coined  eitherOold 
or  Silver;  that  which  they  make  ufe  of  in  payments  is  only  in  Lumps, 
or  pieces  of  Gold  or  Silver  of  divers  forms  and  weights.  -    *  ^  • 

The  pieces  of  Gold,  hyiht  Hollanders  C2^\Q^iG4ftfcbt^tf  is  worth  1200 
Gilders  of  Holland  J  or  loi/.  ^  s.  5r«r//w/r  j  the  other  pieces  which  v<^cighs 
but  half  as  much,  is  in  value  according  to  its  proportion  ;  an  Ounce 
of  this  Gold  is  worth  ;  /.  3  Jt.  Englijh. 

In  Trade  every  man  carrieth  about  him  a  pair  of  Sheers  to  cut  and 
divide  their  Money  ;  as  alfo  Scales  and  Weights  to  weigh  it,  and  to 
proportion  his  Money  according  to  the  value  of  the  Commodity  he 
buyeth. 

Their  Weights  are  the  Babar,  which  is  faid  to  differ  in  feveral 
places ;  but  the  common  Babar  of  China  is  300  Cattees^  a  Cattte  is 
i6Tailes,  which  is  about  20  Ounces  and  ;  quartQTS  yivoirdupoife ;  fo 
that  the  Babar  is  about  190  /  Engltjh. 

There  is  alfo  the  Bahar  for  fmall  weight  of  200  Cattees,  22  Taile  to 
a  Cattee,  and  SiTaile  is  one  Ounce  and  a  half  ^'z;o;r</»/'0//e;  fo  that  the 
Babar  is  412  /.  Engltpj. 

Of  Japan. 

THE  Commodities  of  Japan  are  Wheat,  Millet,  Rice,  and  ex- 
cellent Barley,  divers  Metals,  as  Gold,  Silver,  Copper,  Tin, 
Lead,  Iron ;  their  Pearls  are  great,  but  Red. 

The  Gold  of  Japan  is  in  value  vTorth  ;  /.  if  ^.  the  Ounce;  there  is 
one  Coin  or  Piece  of  Gold  which  weighs  one  Ounce  fuL  Drachms^ 

Xx  which 


i1« 


Of  Cmm^  Wtlghu^  Md  Mufms. 


which  comes  to  about  6  Pound  1 1  Shillings  ;  Pence;  there  is  alfo 
another  that  weighs  the  third  part  of  the  great  one,  vix,.  half  an 
Ounce  48  Grains,  and  comes  to  2  /. ;  t,^d.  Sterling, 
,  There  are  alfo  fcveral  pieces  of  Silver  called  hj^otSi  feme  weighing 
7  Ounces,  at  five  Shillings  the  Ounce,  comes  to  thirty  five  Shillings; 
others  of  2  Ounces  3  Drachms  and  a  half,  which  comes  to  12  Shil- 
lings  10  Pence  i  Sterling ;  and  fo  proportionable  in  value  according  to 
their  weight,  are  the  reft. 

,  There  is  alfo  Copper  Money,  which  they  thread  to  the  number  of 
^00,  which  is  the  value  of  a  Tell  or  Tatle  in  Silver,  which  the  Dutch 
reckon  to  be  worth  %  GelJers  and  a  half,  which  is  6  Shillings  4  Pence  I 
Sterling, 

Their  Weights  are  the  Fiakiny  which  is  12  y  Dutch  Pounds,  one  Fia- 
kintnsikcs  100  Cat  tees,  one  Cattee  16  Taile,  ont  taik  10  Maet,  and  a 
Cattee  is  by  fome  accounted  21  Ounces  Avoirdupife. 

Their  Meafure  for  length  is  the  Tattany  or  Ichiny  which  is  about 
2  Yards «  Englijh,  or  6  Rhynland  feet ;  60  Ickitns  or  Icbim  is  ;o  Rhyn' 
land  Rods,  and  180  Rods  is  a  Jafan  Mile. 

Their  Dry  M[eafures  are  th^Ganty  which  is  3  Cocas ,  which  is  three 
Pints  Englijh, 


'I 

i 


./»■ 


Fer^an 


.^ 


of  CotMt,  iVei/'hn,  sni  Mafuns,  ' 


? )  9 


\  \ 


t'erfian  Money. 


A  BaHi,  or  z  Mamoudi  s 

I  Mamoudi's,  or 

I  Chey  ets 

iBifti 


A  Casbeke  fimple  — — 

A  double  Casbeke 

One  Or ^^ 

One  Toman  — • 


French 


i8 

2 

2 
1  1 

y 

46 


.1  DenJers 


..  i.)  ri 


Chalets   — ~— 

Double  Ca^bekcs  

double    as*  ekes 

Denier;*  i  iialf  penny 

Dcnieri-— — — •- 

Abafli's —  - 

Uvres  I  Denier  \  Piafler 


Indian  Money. 


ALarinof  Arabia,  &c,', 
A  Mamcudi's— - — 
A  Roupy  of  Gold-— 
A  Roupy  of  Silver  — 

A  Pecha  r — ^ 

Arakan-Money— — - 

A  half  Roupy 

Tipoura  Silver 

Pagods" 


Fano  ' — — -— 

Agen  Gold 

MacaffarGold — 
Camboya  Silver-' 

Siam  Gold 

Siam  Silver '•- 

Afem  Fanos  '^ 

Afem  Silver 


} 


French 


21 

;o 

6 

21 

16 

22 

I 

X 

I 

16 

4 

7 
31 

I 

y9 

I 
20 

87 


Ecu,  or  French  Crown- 


Livres  — 

"SOUS  — 

Deniers 
Sous-r 
Sous  — 
SOUS' 
APiftol:  APiftolin 
Gold  is  1 1  Livres 
Ecu  — 
Sous  8  Deniers  • 
Sous  8  Deniers- 

Sous  — 

Livres  i  Sous— 
Sous  4  Deniers  • 

Ecu 

Sous — 


{ 


'} 


Ef^^lifh\ 


o 
5 


4 

7 

o 


Ok 

81 
I 


Livres  ► — — 

Sous  8  Deniers-  — — 
Real-  ■  ■-.,,,  — 
Sous  6  Deniers-*—  — 
Livres  10  Sous  -    — 


/'  <i^ 


i 


2 
O 

If 


China  Goltfcuc- 

Chinl  Silver  Pieces— 

Pegu  Gold  Fanos 

Pegu  Silver '— 

Japan  Gold  » ■  ^,  , 

Japan  Silver  Pieces 1  50  |Sous- 

Thefe  Computations  are  made,  fupportng  a  French  Crown  to  be  in 
value  y4^/.  or  j^s,  6d.  Sterling,  the  reputed  Par,  fo  that  a  Sous  is  in 
value  9</.  and  10  Deniers  2. 

X  X  2  A 

1     III!  I  III  I    .1  ■  '  ' 


X 

o 
o 
o 
o 
o 


o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 
o 

lOI 

o 
o 
o 
6 

I  o. 


Ertglijh 
3 


o 
II 

2 
0 
I 
I 
I 

8 

4 
I 

I 

o 

10 

2 

4 
I 

f 

4 

4 
I 

I] 


10 

I 

6 

; 

o 
6 

2 

7 


6 

; 
9 

5 
r 

6 

8 
J 

r 
4 

6 

? 


32 

2 


3i 
3f 


2f 

3f 

2f 


t40f 


Of  Corns f,  WiightSi  Mifd  Medfmres.^ 


■IS. 


**iK, 


A  Table  containing  the  Proportion  that  the  Englifh  Foot  bea  etfitotHe 
Meafares  of  other  Places,  divided  into  12  Inchesand  Tenths.  And 
the  Proportion  of  il^ouna  weight AvoirJupotle  divided  into  100  parts, 
beareth  to  the  Foreign  Pounds  |  carefully  coHedcd  from  the  Tables 

of  Sne Hint,  Dogetty  Greaves,  Ricmlus,  ocC.  ^' 


Amfi'dam      j 


Am 


^oot 
E]l 

Fc.'A 

£11 

Ell 

Foot 

Foot 

Cubit 

Cubit 

'  '       Foot 

I      Fool- 

;  ■    1  Foot 

I  .:     Ell 

Foot 

Brace  or  £11 


Bdogne,  or 
;  Bomma 
\  Bremen 
I  Cairo  •■•   '-j 
[China  •]     I 

Ctiogn      ' 

Copenhagen 

Dantx,ig    ?, 

Vort  J|     : 
Florenii 
Prancfoi't  dntht  Main 

Ell 
Palm 


-j 


Gemua 

Greek 

Hamhofoagb 

Uiffig 
Lisbon      * 
Lovaint    \ 
Lubtfk 
Lyons  ^  -■■ 
Mantula 
Middtdarg 
MiBain 


s-  foot 

,  £11 

Ell 

i'-    Vare 

*    Foot 

Ell 

-    Ell 

Foot 

Foot 

Callamus 


II 

3 
.11 

I 

o 

2 
II 

9 

o 

II 

II 

II 

10 

2 

II 

II 

9 

9 

o 

10 

9 
II 

9 

II 

6 

II 

6 


93 
98 

89 

^7 

94 
61 

97 
94 
19 


I  2; 
93 

I  42 


Naples 

i-  .V , 


Norimhuys 
Parma 


95 

17 
6 

98 


9 

4; 
98 

4 


D    O 


Palm 
^  Brace 
Cauna 
Foot 
Cupit 
Parts  Royal  Foot 

Perfian       Arach 

R/^<i  Foot 

RomatjFoot  on  p 
the  Munum.  > 
of  Cojjuuus,  J 
Of  Statilius 
Roman  Palm 
^/><»».  Palm,  or  7 

PalmofC^/z/ey 
5p<a».  Vare,  or 

Rod  ^f.  4.  Pal 

Toledo  Foot 

.    Vare 

Turin  Foot 

r«r/l)i/fc  Pike  at 

Conjiantinople 
Venice  Foot 

Univerlal  Foot , 
or  a  Pendulum, 
that  will  vibrate 
i;2  times  in  a 
Minute, 


} 


.} 


9 

*i 

I 

2 

10 

J 

0 

I 

10 

4 

0 

8 

2 

3 

0 

3 

9 

9 

II 

6 

6|i  43 


94 
4; 
9} 


I  23 


II 
8 


099 


3  o 


I 
I 


10 
8 

o 


1  2 


r 

o 


^ 


>o  8 


c  00 


86 

n 

83 


4rf       f«1 

9w 


c 


■O   O 

a  <M 


A  S  4  A. 


V 


C^f^' 


in 

rif( 

hei 


iiii^i.Mt  ."i' j^/k'- 


ASIA  is  one  of  the  Tripartite  Divifions  of  our  Continent;; 
if  we  confider  the  Advantages  which  the  Author  of  Nature 
hath  given  it ;  or  the  inemorable  Adions  which  have  pafTedl 
in  it ;  1  hat  the  firit  iVfonariiiies  and  Religions  have  here  had  theic 
rife :  That  the  chief  Myitcric:>  both  of  the  Old  and  New  Law,  werti 
here  laid  open:  That  from  iience  alt  Nations  of  the  World,  and  ail 

,  Axtft 


1   / 


''k 


3:41  ?^  Of  ASIA. 

Arts  and  Sciences^  had  meir  firft  beginning :  We  may  juftly  prefer  ic 
before  the  orlier  parts  of  the  World. 

It  is  (cait'd  in  the  Oriental  parts  of  our  Continent,  and  moft  part 
in  the  temperate  Zone,  what  it  hath  under  the  Torru-i  being  either 
Veninuh  01  Ips,  uhich  the  Waters  and  Sea  do  ffiuch  refrefti. 

It  extends  from  Smtma  iq  the  Wtfty  to  the  fartheft  part  of  Tartaria 
near  J^fjo  in  the  Ea/f,  four  thoufand  and  eighr  hundred  Miles ;  and 
f/om  the  lowermoft  point  of  Malacca  in  the  Soitth^  to  the  Streights  of 
TVtt^aii  in  the  Norths  it  rt»al<;es  four  thcufand  and  two  hundred  Miles 
of  \fi^y  to  a  degree.  In  this  length  And  breadth  we  do  not  compre- 
hend the  Iflands  which  beVong  to  /4fia\  which  are  as  great^  as  rich, 
and  poffibly  as  numerous,  as  in  other  parts  of  the  Univerfe. 

W  hether  it  took  its  Name  from  ^Jia  the  Daughter  of  Oceanus  and 
T/&er*f,  Wifeof  7<»f'fr«f,  and  Mother x)f  Prcwiffife^w ;  or  from  ^/w  the 
Son  of  Atti,  a  King  of  Ljdta  ;  or  from  jijius  the  Philolbpher,  who 
gave  the  haltadtunj  to  the  Trojans ;  or  from  the  Vbanecian  word  /ijja^  fig- 
'         nifying  Medium  \  thtft  Originations  to  me  are  uncertain ;  moft  cer- 
.  tain  it  is,  that  this  Name  was  hrft  known  to  thQGreeks  on  that  Coaft 
"    oppofite  to  them,  after  it  was  given  to  that  part  of  the  Country  ex- 
tending to  the  Eupbrarts,  called  ^fia  minor,  and  at  laft  was  communi- 
);     >    cated  to  all  that  Oriental  Continent. 

Many  are  the  Religions  there  followed  ;  but  the  Jewi,  Mabumetam 

and  Idolaters,  fai;i^xceed  the  Chriftians  in  number.  I  dolatry  began  in 

I    '     t^e  time  of  the  Jj/yriam;  Judaifm  among  the  Hebrews ;  Chriftianifm 

i    in  the  Holy  Land^  butfirft  fo  caPsdat  Antiocby  and Mahumetanifiri  in 

,  Arabia.  •  ■ 

^''if  f  Mdbttmdamfm  is  receivea  oy  the  four  principal  Nations  of  A/ia ; 
t  '  thsTurkij  /irabiansy  Ferfans  And  Tartars.  The  Turks  g\ve  the  moft 
'  liberty,  the  Arabs  are  moft  fuperftitious,  the  Terfians  are  moft  rational , 
arid  the  Tartars  are  moft  fimple.  Some  have  made  feventy  and  two 
Se<as  among  them,  whieli  may  be  reduced  to  two ;  That  which  the 
Turks  follow,  according  to  the  Dodrine  of  (^w^r ;  and  that  which  the 
^£r/'w7«  follow,  accordiiigto  H^/y's  Inftrudions :  Thefe  have  their  Pa- 
triarch at  Ifpabafiy  the  Turks  theirs  at  Bagdat.  The  Greeks  have  alfo 
their  Patriarchs  here,  known  under  the  titles  of  Antioch  and  JerujaUw, 
There  are  alfo  other  Chriftians,  a%  Jacobites,  who  have  their  Patriarch 
.-It  Carawtty  otherwife  called  Amtda  ;  the  Ne/lortans,  the  Copbitei,  the 
Gtorgiansj  the  Armenians,  and  the  Maronttes,  The  Two  latter  ihave 
two  Patriarchs,  the  one,  at  the  Monaftery  of  the  Three  Churcbes  near 
Erivan  in  Armenia,  the  other  at  Cmobm  in  Mount  Ltbanw, 

Afia 


X- 


■""•"'-'s^^nsBf* 


■M 


Afta 


'Afia  towards  the  Weft  is  feparated  from  Africa  by  thtRedSca,  And 
by  the  I^bwits  of  Sues.  It  is  divided  from  Europe  by  feveral  Seas  and 
Straights  already  mention 'd  in  theDefcriptionof  £«>opf.  Toward  the 
other  Regions  of  the  World,  AJta  is  environed  by  the  Tartarian,  Chi- 
Indian,  Verfan  and  Arabian  Seas. 


wan. 


The  principal  Seas  within  the  Country,  are  the  Crir/;5w»,  ihiEuxine, 
and  the  Perfian  Sea.  The  Dead  Sea  is  very  fmall  in  refped  of  the  reft, 
yec  it  is  famous  for  being  in  the  Holy  Land, 

The  principal  Rivers  of  AJia^  are  Euphrates,  Tigris,  hdw,  Ganges, 
Croceui,  Kiang,  and  Obi- 

Caucafas  and  Taurus,  fo  celebrated  by  the  Ancients,  are  the  higheft 
Mountains ;  b^ut  feveral  Countries  give  tiitin  feveral  otherNames. 

We  find  that  the  Air  of  Afia  is  almoft  every- where  temperate.  And 
if  we  confider  her  Gold,  or  Silver,  her  Precious  Stones,  her  Drugs, 
her  Spices,  her  Silks,  we  may  aver  it  to  be  the  richeft,  as  well  as  the 
moft  noble  part  of  the  World.  Among  other  of  her  Produds,  we  molt 
efteem  the  Diamonds  ofNarfingue,  the  Pepper  and  Ginger  of  Malabar , 
thsSiilks  of  Bengale,  the  Rubies  and  Lack  of  PegUy  the  Porcelane  of  Chi- 
>»^,^the  Cinamon  of  Ceylon  ^  the  Gold  of  Surat,  the  Camphire  of  Borneo, 
the"  Cloves  of  the  Molucca's,  the  Nutmegs  of  Bamla,  and  the  Sandal  of 
Timor, 

Of  the  Seven  Wonders  of  the  World,  there  were  four  in  Afia. ; 
The  Temple  of  Epbefus,  the  Maufokum  in  HultcamaJJus,  the  V.'alls  of 
Babylon,  and  the  Rbodian  ColoJJ'us,  The  Statue  of  Olympian  Jupiter  in 
Europe,    The  Egyptian  Labyrinth,  and  the  Pyramids  in  Africa, 

The  Afiaticks  h«.ve  been  always  a  Sofc  ind  Effeminate  People,  ex*- 
cept  the  Mountainiers  and  the  Tartars,  who  by  their  Incurfions  perpe- 
tually vex'd  their  Neigqbours.  Their  (  >ats  of  Arms  are  nothing  like 
thofe  which  the  Families  of  Europe  bear,  being  compos  d  only  of  the 
Letters  of  their  Names,  to  which  they  add  (bm»times  the  Names  of 
their  Predeceflbrs.  Their  Embaffies,  confidering  the  Piefents  they 
make  one  to  another,  are  but  a  kind  of  Trade  and  Exchange  of  Mer- 
chants, wherein  everyone  looks  after  the  true  value,  and  foto  make 
his  advantage. 

Afia  is  in  fubjedion  to  four  Potent  Monarchs,  who  a:eableto  bring 
mighty  Armies  into  the  Field :  The  Grand  Sigmor,  wno  refides  in  Eu- 
rope, the  Sultan  of  Perfia,  the  Cham  of  Tartary,  at  this  day  King  of  Chi' 
na,  and  the  great  Mogul.  Belldes  thefe,  there  are  feveral  great  Princes 
in  Georgia,  in  Arabia,  in  Tartary,  in  hidta,  and  in  molt  part  of. the 
Ifles.  Several  Nations  alfo  maintain  their  Liberty  by  living  among 
the  Mountains. 


^!<>l^,if^ 


■:1»v 


I; 


#v 


v-V-'^-^r-' 


t44 


ASIA. 


As  to  the  Divilion  of  this  part  of  the  World,  Tome  Authors  divide 

it  into  Interior   and  Exterior,  in  reference  to  Mount  Taurus:  By 

means  of  which  Mountain  the  Greeks  m^kn  two  grand  Parts,  the  fiift 

tothe  N)fth,  the  Utter  to  the  South.  I  fhall  firft  divide  it  into  TaraFtrfva, 

and  Iflands,     The  Counrties  oi  ^heTerra  Ftrma  toward  the  H'tft ^  are 

Ajiatick    Turkj  y   Georgia  and   yimhia.     Toward  the  middle,  Perfiai 

toward  the  Norths  Tartary;   ro  the  Eafi,  Cbim;   an -J  to  the  Sou-'>,  In- 

dia  ;  divided  Hkewife  into  Terra  Ftrma,   which  is  the  En^pire  of  the 

Great  Mogul]  and  into  two  Feninhlasy  one  on  this  fide^^  the  other 

beyond  Gtviges^     The  Iflands  in  the  Ea/lcrn,  or  Indiar.  Sejs,   (  which 

are  the  biggeft,  the  richeft,  and  more  in  number  than  in  aiiy  other 

part  of  the-Wwld  )  are  the  Maldi^s,  Ccylov,  the  Iflands  ofScnJe,  viz. 

Sumatra,  Borneo^  y/tiuij  &C.  of  J^f'^rf^  the  I'hilfpinn^  and  the  Moluccas. 

There  arefome  Ifles appertaining  to  ^^/«/ in  the  Meuitaatje.m,  as  Cyprus 

and  Rbodes'y  and  others  in  the  Archipelago^  as  MattUmo,  Sao,  Samos,  &C. 

So  that  Afia  now  ftands  divided  in  thefe  Monarchies  or 
Principal  Parts,   Viz.. 


Turhe  in  Ajpt 

Georgia 

Arista 

Terfia 

Tartaria 

China 

The  Empire  of  the  Mogul 

India  within  Ganges 

India  without  Ganges 


Whofe  chief 
Cities  are 


\ 


Aleppo,  Cairo,  Smirna, 
Ttfflis,  AkazJtke  and  Cori. 
Mecca,  Medina^  Mocha, 
Htfpahan,  Tauris,  Scirof. 
Surmarcband,  Batch,  Camul, 

IPequin,  Canton,  Hanchew, 
Agra,   Labor,  Surrat, 
I  Goa,  Calicut,  Golconda, 
i.  ^^P*'»  Siam,  MaJlaca, 


.r,  1 


Oriental  Ocean,  Japan,  Sumatra,  Borneo. 
Iflands  in  the  -^Mediterranean  Sea,  Cyprus,  Rhodes. 

Archipelago,  Meteliino,  Scio,  Samosy  &c 


jti 

V. 

w 

Mil 

•i  Ruti 

cJl.  &/,. 

eJi.Me. 
FJI.  CL 

h  LutllK 

XJio/pA 
P.  PXa^/i 

1    ■    ■ 

,7 


Of 


^^mmm 


mm 


mmmmmmmmmm^mn 


.   y 


r,:,' ;;.  •■'M^Y."-«icill<l»^'-i'**''..      r: 


J45 


Of  Tutky  in  Afia 


A 

Tygrts. 


Siatiqui  Turkty  comprehends  more  than  the  7!ow<i»  Empire,  in 
this  part  of  the  World;  Thofe  Dominions  did  not  often  ex- 
tend beyond  the  River  Euphrates:  This  beyond  the  River 

Once  the  Temperature  of  the  Air  exceeding  fo    d  and  healthful^ 
now  every  five  or  fix  Years  the  Peftilence  deftroys ,    Uions. 

Yy  ^^^         .     The 


7f^: 


•i,,.[ 


.  %»'»?^ 


'n 


^      'r- 


t      ! 


j^4  Of  Turky  in  JftA,  ;       - 

The  Soil  formerly  exceeding  plentiful  of  all  Fruits,  both  for  ufe- 

4ii:d  pleafure  ;  now  generally  wafte  and  barren.  ^'  Tl  ^'1 

Oncc  very  populous  and  full  of  Stately  Cities  j  now  lamenting  the 
Ruine  and  Deftrudion  of  them 

The  Mahometan  Religion  is  chiefly  profefs'd  in  moft  places  thereof, 
only  there  are  iomt  Jews  SindiGreek  Chriftians  niix'd  among  them.  As 
to  their  Manners,  a  Cadi  or  Turkijl)  judge  judicioufly  obferv'd,  that 
the  Turks  were  to  be  blam'd  for  their  Lechery,  the  Jews  for  their  Su- 
perftition,  and  the  Chriftians  for  their  Litigioufnefs. 

Molt  excellently  Seated  is  this  part  of  the  World,  fcr  it  lies  in  the 
midil  of  our  Continent,  in  the  temperate  Zone,  being  water'd  by  the 
wlioleCourfe  of  Euphrates  and  ligns,  with  the  convenience  of  Four 
Seas,  the  Me  d  it  err  am  av,  the  Euxine,  the  Cafpiatj,  and  the  PerfianSoLSj 
by  which  it  Commerces  with  the  principal  Regions  of  the  World,  and 
chi^iiy  with  that  of  tlie  Ea^-ImJies. 

Four  great  Provinces  are  in  this  Aftatick  Turky.  Anatoha,  Turcomania, 
D'tar'ot^tk  and  Syrm.  Anatolia,  or  Afia  Mnwr,  is  almoft  a  Veninjula  lying 
berween  the  Black  Sea,  the  Archipelago,  ihc  Mediterranean,  and  theRi* 
ver  Euphrates  The  Ancient  Greeks  were  wont  to  ftore  it  with  Colo- 
nies, and  the  Grand  Cpus  did  not  think  his  Emprie  confiderable  with- 
out ir.  For  the  fame  Reafon  have  fo  many  Battels  been  fought  either 
to  preferve  or  conquer  it.  The  Ancients  divided  this  Anatolta  or  AJia 
;l://^^/^:,intofeverallel^er  Parrs  orRegions,i;;2:,.  Powrwiand  Bithima,  Papb' 
lapnta,  Cappadocia,  Armexia  Minor,  Ctlicia,  Ijauria,  Vampbilia,  Lycta, 
Carta,  jotiia,  zy£olis,  Lydia,  orM^onia,  Vifidia,  Lycaonia,  Galatia,  Vhry- 
gia  Major  and  Minor,  Mijta  and  7rcas,  Here  I  had  intended  to  have  gi- 
ven a  larger  Defcription  of  all  the  ancient  Names  of  places,  &c.cQt\' 
taintdinthisy^ywr;^«ef  Turky,  'viz>.\i\  Afia  Minor,  Mesopotamia,  Armenia^ 
AjJyri.:,'Caldea,  or  Babylonia,  Arabia,  Terra  SanHa,  Syria,  &c.  But 
having  lately  defigned  fix  Plates,  vulgarly  called  Scriptural  Maps, 

Fir^;  Of  all  the  Earth,  and  how  after  the  Flood  it  was  divided  a- 
niong  the  Sons  of  Noah. 

Sicond,  Of  Paradife,  or  the  Garden  of  Eden,  with  the  Countries 
circumjacent  inhabited  by  the  Patriarchs. 

Third,  The  40  years  Travel  of  the  Children  of  IJrael  through  the 
Wildernefs. 

'    fourth,  Canaan,  or  the  Holy  Land,  as  it  was  divided  among  the 
12  Tribes  of  i/^fJ,  and  travelled  through  by  our  Saviour. 

.Fi^'th,  The  TO^els  of  St.  Paul,  and  other  of  the  Apoltles,  in  the 
propagating  oi^e  Gofpel. 

^_  ,#    Ir  Sixth, 


^" 


3 


Of  Turky  in  J/ia. 


-s*?- 


U7 


Sixth,  yerufalem,  as  it  flojriflied  in  our  Saviour's  time.  ,  ;•"; 

Ifliall  therefore  here  only  give  you  the  prefent  Stat  and  View  of 
thofe  Coantries,  and  refer  you  to  my  Defer) ption  of  thofe  Maps, 
which  will  be  a  moft  compleat  Epitomy  of  the  whole  Hiilory  of  thofe 
Eafiern  Countries.  It  now  contains  four  B(gl<rhcgs^  or  principal  Go- 
vernments, that  of  Natolia,  AtCutaye,  or  Cute,  Turch ,  ttjte  Leuncl 
Cutaige,  or  Cbiutaietefte  Baud,  Kiot^i,  P.Ricant.oi  Cur/jwania  at  Co(rm  or 
Gogn't,  the  Iconium  of  Cic.Zenoph,  Piin.  of  Amafia  at  Tocar.  or  Siwns^  or 
Suvas  the  Sebafiiopolis  of  Vlirt.  and  Vtol.  of  AlacIuL  at  Marax^h ,  or  Mu' 
rafch,  by  the  Turks,  ZulcaJie.     The  City  of  Barfa,  the  Frufa  of  Sink 
?Un.  &  P'o!.  Vrufias  Solinoy  Bur/a  Belon,  Burufs  Turcis,  t(fit  LeuncJ.  built 
by  King  Vrufias  who  betrayed  Hannihal,  Ann.  Aluvd.  3297.  taken  by 
the  T«r?/,  A.  D.  i;oo.  It  wasthe  Refidenceof  cheKingsof  Bit  by  ma, 
and  of  fome  of  the  Greek  Emperors,  and  lafily  of  fome  of  the  Turkfli 
Emperors,  till  they  won  Confiantinople,    The  firft  of  the  Ottomav  Race 
were  buried  there,  except  Solyman  the  firft,  who  would  be  buried  at 
the  Mouth  of  the  DarJaneh  near  Gallipoli ;  It  yields  to  none  ualefs  Ccn- 
fiantmople,  either  for  Wealth,  or  number  of  Inhabitants.     Ntcomedia, 
Comedia,  Nicor,  Ifms;iMid  &  Ifmir  Turds,  lejie  I.euncl.  'tis  now  a  place 
of  great  Traffick  for  Silks  Cottens,  Wool,  Linen,  Fruits,  Pots,  Glaf- 
fes,  and  other  Commodities.    Nice,  or  Ifmchy  Nuaa  of  Strab,  Hin.  & 
Ttol.  prius  Antigottia  Strab,  Olbia  Plm.  Ancore  Steph.  {nich  d^  Nichcr,  Le- 
uncl.  Nichea  Soph,  is  famous  for  the  firft  General  Council  of  ;  18  Bi- 
fhops,  Ann,  325".  and  for  the  Refidence  of  the  Grecian  Empero  s  after 
the  Franks  had  taken  Conflantimple,  Anno  1201.     Angoari  &  Ar.oara 
Leuncl.  EnguniTurcisy  Ancyra Strab,  &  Flin.  Angyra  exCodice  Graco,  fa- 
mous for  Tamerlan  sW^ovy  o^Qi  Bajaz^et,  Emperor  of  the  Turks  \  and 
before  that  ior  Pompefs  Vidory  over  Mithridates,  and  now  for  gcod 
Chamlets.  Troy,  Vergamus,   and  S<,rdts,  have  been  Royal  Cities.  Toy, 
renowned  for  the  Ten  Years  dege  of  the  Greeks,  whofe  Ruins  alio 
are  mix'd  with  the  Remian^  of  fome  modern  Strudures.     Penramus. 
by  the  Turks  Bers;anta,  is  about  60  or  64  miles  N.  N.  IV.  from  Swrna, 
watered  by  the  River  G/<:«/,  is  fimousfor  the  Wealth  of  King  Afalus, 
who  overcame  \\\QGalafaovG^illo'Grtcians'\n  a  Bloody  Battel,  was  Con- 
federate withtheRow.?^.  ag.|iafi  Kirfg  i'bih--fo\-  the  lnvent'u;n  oi  Parch- 
ment, for  the  Birth  place  oi  Galen,  for  its  T^pedry,  and  for  its  being 
one  of  the  SevenChuichcs.  T\\3ito^  Sard  is,  by  Homir  AL  one,  for  the 
Refidence  of  Crxjus,  and  other  the  Kings  of  Lydia,    S/n^'pr  upon  tie 
Bkck'Sea,  for  its  Copper  Mines,  and  for  the  Refidence  of  iW/f^r/J^ff/, 
the  moft  formidable  Enemy  of  k\\q  RomMis.    Scutari,  formerlyC*(?^/a- 
^ow,  where  the  Fourth  General  Council  was  held,  Vi8,iipw  a  T.iferp.b'.e 

Y  y  2.  ^  >^  Villa^o 


; 


'■■>iy 


^48  Of  Ti^rky  m  AfiA.  '  '         "^        ' 

Village  wiihheapsof  ancient  Ruines  and  M<  -iiiments  of  Dcftruftion.' 
/iMo/,nowone  of  the  Dtfri<»w/x,  was  famous  for  the  Loves  of  Hero  and 
Leandery  and  for  the  Paffage  of  Xerxw's  prodigious  Army  over  a  Bridge 
of  674  Gallies.  Foglia  Vecchia,  formerly  Pbocaa,  the  Mother  oi  Mar- 
feilles ;  the  firft  City  which  was  taken  by  a  formal  Siege,  by  Harpagus 
Lieutenant  to  Grand  Cyrus.  Smirna,  Ifmar  Turcisylfor  Trade  by  Sea  and 
Land,  is  the  moft  celebrated  City  in  the  Levant ;  hither  the  TVefiem 
Fleets  are  bound,  and  from  hence  the  faireft  Caravans  fee  out,  feated 
at  the  Bottom  of  a  Gulph,  which  is  feven  Leagues  in  length,  defended 
with  a  Caftle  or  Fort  in  fuch  a  part  of  the  Gul{)h,  that  no  Ship  can 
efcape  its  Command. 

One  of  the  Seven  Churches  of^fia*  at  this  day  a  great  City,  but 
not  fo  great  and  beautiful  as  formerly  ;  here  are  the  Ruines ,  of  the 
Amphitheatre,  where  it  is  faid  St.  Pol/carp  was  expofed  to  fight. with 
Lions.  ^ 

This  City  is  very  populous,  wherein  is  reckoned  no  lefs  than  Sixty 
thoufand  Turks,  Fifteen  thoufand  Greeks,  Eight  thoufand  Armemans, 
Six  or  feven  thoufand  Jews,  befides  European  Chrifiians. 

Smirna  is  a  place  of  great  plenty,  the  Soil  abounding  with  Oil  and 
Wine.  The  Sea  affords  good  ftore  of  Fiih,  and  Fowl  is  very  cheap. 
But  the  Heats  are  very  exceffive  in  Summer,  and  would  he  infuppor- 
table,  were  it  not  for  the  Breezes  that  come  off  the  Sea  about  10  in 
the  Morning,  and  continues  till  the  Evening;  but  the  Plague  and  ma- 
lignant Fevers  that  fucceed  it,  are  more  deftrucftive.  Over  the  Gate 
01  the  upper  Caftle  the  Roman  Eagles  continue  ftill  Engraved,  and  a 
great  Head  of  Stone,  by  the7«r^j  called  Coidafa^  which  fome  think  it 
to  be  thfe  great  Amazon  Smirna,  which  gave  Name  to  this  City. 

Ephefus ,  Efefi  Soph.  Figena  or  Fieha  Ca(t.  Ayafaluck  Turcis  Ricaut, 
During  theTrojan  War, /'//wy  tells  us  it  was  called  Jlopes, then  Ortigia, 
by  Lyfimachus  Arjinoa;  then  Morgas, then  Ephefus,  ^^  Miles  from  5mir. 
»^,  and  about  f  Miles  from  the  Sea  upon  the  River  Cayfter,  another  of 
the  7  Churches  of  A{ja.  Once  famous  for  the  Temple  of  Diana,  (aid 
to  be  Four  hundred  twenty  five  Feet  in  length ,  Two  hundred  and 
twenty  in  breadth  ,  fupported  with  One  hundred  and  twenty  feven 
Marble  Pillars  Seventy  feet  high,  Two  hundred  and  twenty  years  a 
building,  feven  times  fired,  the  laft  time  was  in  the  Night  that  Alex- 
avder  was  born. 

Laodicea,  more  anciently  P/0/^0///,  one  of  the  5even  Churches,  now 
forgotten  in  its  Name,  and  overwhelmed  in  its  Ruines,  which  are  by 
the  Turks  called  Eskihifar,  not  far  from  a  place  called  Dingiz,let,mhZ' 
bit^d  by,  (ir«iti,fcated  upon  the  River  Ljchu 

fbyU" 


of 


yea 
Tur 
the 
the 
oth 
refii 
onl 
is  a 


ir 


d 


;/  Of  Tufhy  inAfU.      ,  349 

TbjUdetpbiaf  another  of  the  Seven  Churches,  by  the  Turks  Alaflur 
her,  or  the  fair  City  ;  is  yet  adorned  with  Twelve  Churches  which 
profefs  the  Cbriflian  Faith.  *Tis  feated  on  the  Rifingof  the  Moun- 
tain tmolusy  and  watred  with  .the  River  Tathlm  ;  And  is  a  place  of 
Trade,  being  in  the  Road  of  the  Perfian  Caravans. 

Tbyatiray  Akyfar  by  the  Turks,  the  lad  of  the  Seven  Aftan  Churches, 
is  a  City  well  inhabited,  and  of  a  very  confiderable  Trade  of  Cotton- 
wooli  which  they  fend  to  Smima. 

MieropoliSf  Seidefcbecbcr  Tunis ,  tefle  CrMjJii)  ^  Leuncl.  Pamhck-kalafs 
Smitb,  Afbiom-CaraJJar  Tavern,  is  feated  over  againft  Landieea,  where 
are  now  to  be  feen  the  Ruins  of  vaft  Fabricks,  and  the  Grotta  or  Via- 
toninm  of  Strab.  famous  for  thofe  pedilential  Vapours  which  it  per^ 
fpires. 

Melaxo  Mol.  Meleffo  aliis,  formerly   MiUtMtj  fent  feveral  Colonies 
abroad,  and  a  long  time  withftood  the  Kings  of  Lydia,    Halicamaf- 
futy  famous  for  the  Maufoleum  built  by  Queen  Artemifiay  in  memory 
of  Maufolus  her  Husband.    Xanthut^  famous  for  the  ftout  Refiftance 
of  its  ancient  Citizens  againfl;  Harpagits,  Alexander  and  Brutus^  in  all 
which  Sieges  theyfuffered  all  Extremities  imaginable.  Sattalta^  other- 
wife  Antali,  lends  its  Name  to  a  Gulph  hard  by.    Tarfus,  Tarfos 
Tlin.  TarfoEuropisj  Terajfa  Incolis ,  Tercis,  Turcis  Leuncl.  once  a  famous 
Academ}',  Archbiflioprick,  and  MetripoHtan  of  C///<rw,  built  by  5^r. 
danapalut,  Anno^Mundi    ;44o.   po/l-  Roman  60  I/odore.     It  hath  alfo 
beenC3\\Qd  Antoniana,  Severiana  &  Hadriana,  the  place  of  St.  P<i«/'s  E- 
ducation.  Cogni  the  Iconium  of  old ,  advantageoufly  fcituated  in  the 
Mountains.    Tw£«^,  where  the  learned  y^jpij;!/<;w/«j  was  born.    Amajia^ 
Amafea y  Strab.  &  PtoL  Amnafan  Turcis,  is  famous  for  the  Birth  of 
Mithridates  and  Strabo,  for  the  Matrydom  of  Theodoras y  and  for  the 
Refidence  of  the  Eldeft  Son  of  the  Grand  Signior,  built  in  the  Hollow 
of  a  Mountain.    ZeU  not  far  off,  built  by  Ztila  Son  of  Nicomedei,  fa- 
mous for    the  Vi<^ory  of  Pbarnaces  over  Strabo.     Tnbizond,  Trapefus   < 
Strab,  C/"  Pltn.  Mil.  &c.  Trabifonda  &  Trebi[onda  Europais.  Tarabafar  Tur- 
cit  tefte  Leuncl  the  Scat  of  an  Empire  ot  (hurt  continuance,  viz^,  200 
years  from  the  year  1261,  to  the  year  1460.  now  the  Refidenceofa 
Turkijh  Baflia.  Tocat,  thenewC^/drw  of  old,  h  a  fair  City,  and  one  of 
the  moft  remarkable  Thoroughfairs  in  the  £<?/?,  where  are  lodged  ■ 
the  Caravans  from  PerJia,Diahei^uer,  B.^gdat yCoTifianrliwfkj  Smhna,  and   ' 
other  places.     The  Chijlians  have  there  twelve  Churches,  and  there  : 
refides  an  Archbiftiop,   that  hath  under  him  Seven  Suffragans.  The 
only  place  in  all  A/ta,  where  Saffron  grows;  in  the  middle  of  the  Town  ■) 
is  a  great  Rock,  upon  the  top  whereof  is  an  high  Caftlc,  with  a  Ga- 


rifon 


'it 


■  / 


i-fe: 


A 


Mr^ 


■  «■■ . 


•  jyo  '  Of  Vurky  in  Jfid.  .     r 

rifon  to  command  the  Ncighboaring  Parts;  *iis  govern'd  by  an  Aga 

and  CaJi  for  the  Dafhaw  lives  at  Siwas,  which  is  the  ancient  Stba(tta^ 
a  large  City,  t'lree  days  Journey  from  Tocat.    Laiaz,z.Of  the  famous 
JJJ'ns  near  to  Fji^e  -..ylioa^  where  feveral  Battels  have  been  fought.     In 
modern  Story,  that  of  a  Soldan  of  Egyft  againlt  RajaZjet  the  Second, 
.  Emperor  of  c!ie  Turks^  wherein  he  was  detcatcd.    In  the  fame  place 
Alexancler  the  Great  defeated  Darius  in  perfon.     There  VeutUius  Bajj'us 
yanquiOi'd  the  Parthians.    And  Stverus  the  Emperor  overcame  Fejcen' 
ffimsNt^er  h'ls  Rival  in  the  Empire.     Nor  far  off  llooJ  the  ancient  An- 
chiiilej  built  in  the  fame  day  and  year  in  which  Tar/us  was  by  Sar^ia- 
napalus.     Satalta,  Attalta  Fiol.  yintalia  TurciSy  tefle  Umc.  is  famous  for 
its  rich  TupfJ^ries,  and  for  giving  Name  to  the  Neighbouring  Gulph, 
founded  by  Ptokmy  Phd-uUlphus  King  of  Egypt.     Among  the  Rivers  of 
AJta  the  Lefs,  there  is  did'TbcrfKoJoni  upon  whofe  Banks  the  Amazons 
inhabited  now  called  Parmon,     H.iliy  Hilysy  Strab.  Ftol.  &  Plm.  Laly 
Nig,  Cafiirwa^  P.  Gyl.  Otmagiucb't  d^  Aytotu  Turcis^  tejh  Uu^cl  was  the 
Bounds  of  the  Kingdom  ot  C;r«;  and  Crafus,  Gramcus  tow^id  the  Hel- 
Icfpontf  Gramca  Sauj.  Laz,'Xjara,  ttfie  Nig.  was  the  Witnefs  of  the  firft 
Vidory  o(  AiixanJertbe  Great  over  the  Perfi.ms.  Pa^olus  Strah,Plin.& 
Chryforboas  Sol  now  Sarabat  near  to  Sardts  and  Thyatn      was  famous 
for  its  Golden  Oar  ;  Meandtr^  Strab.  Plm.&Zenoph.  Meandros  Ptol.  nov/ 
Madre,  ex  Aulocrene  fonte  oriens,  for  his  Swans  and  his  Windings.   Cyd- 
nusnt^T  Tar/us  J  now,  Carajti  Leuncl.  whofc  Waters  werefo  cold,  that 
they  kill'dthe  Emperor  Frederick  Barbarojja,  whobath'd  himfelf  there- 
in.   And  Alexander y  who  did  the  fame,  was  forfaken  and  given  over 
by  allhis  Phyficians.  1  ,  - 

Thcmoft  renowned  Mountains  of  the  LeJJer  A(ta,zvz  Taurus,  which 
divides  all  AJia  into  two  parts^  as  we  have  laid  already  ;  it  is  the  mod 
famous  Mountain  in  the  World,  for  its  Height,  its  Length,  and  for 
its  Members  Caucafus  and  Imaus,  Ida,  near  to  Troyj  is  famous  for  the 
judgment  of  Peris  between  the  three  Goddefles.  On  Mount  Tmolus 
Midas  preferred  Pan's  Pipe  before  Apollo's  Harp.  On  Crag  us  was  the 
Monfter  Chimara  made  tradable  by  Belleropbon.  On  Latmas  pafled  the 
Loves  of  the  Mocmnd  Endymion.  Mount  Stella  for  the  fatal  Overthrow 
of  Mithridates  by  Pompeyj  and  Bajaz.et's  by  Tamerlain. 


'^ 


iTH.. 


•"■r 


"     Of 


%; 


Of  Turkyin  Jfu. 
Of    STRIA. 


3S^ 


,.i-  • 


*. ' 


■  ( 


STria,  Soria,  halts  ,  La  Sourie^  GaUis  ;  Sur'tflariy  Turcis  ;  Sottrifiatij 
Incoln,  By  the  Ancients  it  was  divided  into  tliree  principal  parts, 
njiz,^  Sfri  i  Propria,  Fhxnicia  and  Valefima,  or  the  Holy  Lund.  At  pre- 
fent  thtTurks  divide  it  into  thre-^  BcghrbegSy  viz.  of  Halep,  or  AkpfOf 
Tripoli  or  Tarabolos J  and  Jcham  or  Dawafcus,  which  contains  16  or  20 
Sangiacks,  whofe  Name  and  Scituations  being  for  the  mod  part  to 
us  unknown,  I  fliall  follow  the  Ancient  Geography  ,  and  firlt  fpeak  , 


of 


Syria  Propria. 


In  the  Divifion  or  Parts  of  this,  I  find  much  Contrariety  among  all 
Geographers,  and  in  all  Maps.  Bauthatid  tells  us,  'tis  divided  into 
Comagena,  Vhjstiicia,  Calofyria,  Valmyrenay  and  SeUttcia.  In  another 
place  he  faith,  its  parts  are  Syria  Fropria,  Ccclocyria,  Canagenej  and  VaU 
myrene, 

Cluwrius  faith,  'tis  divided  into  Antiochene,  Comagene,  Ceelo-Syria, 
and  Palmjrenr, 

Golnitz,,  divides  it  into  Comagena ,  Seleucia,  Calo'Syria ,  and  Utt- 
maa. 

Heyliftj  into  Vhcsniciaj  Ceelo-Syria^  and  S)ycph«nicia\  Bleau/mtoComa- 
genay  Ceelo-Syria,  Vhosntcia,  Demafcena^sind  Faltnyrcna. 

I  come  therefore  to  fpeak  of  the  chief  places  in.  Syria  Proprw,  which 


are, 

I.  Antiochj  or  Antiochia  magna ^  Iheopclis  a  jttHtni^rJO  Jmperatore^ 
Rebbata  k  S.  Trivitate,  by  the  Turks  Antacbia  Leuncl.  oncc  the  Metre- 
foils  of  Syria,  firuate  on  the  River  Orcntes ,  now  Ajji,  or  Hafei,  12 
Miles  from  the  Mediterranean  Shoar.  Once  adorned  with  ftately. 
Palaces,  Temples,  &c.  The  Seat  of  ibme  of  the  Roman  Empe- 
rors. 

The  Suburbs  called  Daphne,  from  Apollo's  Miftrifs  fo  called,  turned 
into  a  Laurel,  now  5-  Miles  from  Ant'cch^  was  accounted  one  of  the 
molt  delicious  places  in  the  World,  famous  for  the  Oracle  and  Tem- 
ple of  Apollo,  who  was  here  worfhipped  in  a  Grove  10  miles  in 
compafs,  planted  with  CyprelTes,  and  ocher  Trees,  fo  full  and  clofe 
together  that  the  Beams  of  the  Sun  could  not  dart  through;  wate- 
red 
.  ■  -^1 


,^ 


f: 


j5i  -    •        Of  Turky  in  Jfu, 

red  with  pleafant  Streams^  beautified  with  Fountains^  and  enriched 
with  variety  of  Fruits. 

jilcffiy,  Cbalybon  Rawol^o  &  Voftello,  Berssa,  Bereu,  or  Beree,  Zonarg, 
Cedrtm&  P.  GylU  Hteropolis  te^e  Belknio.  Sanfom&  Brietit,  Atprclent 
jiltffo  or  Haltf,  is  the  greateft  and  principal  City  of  all  ^/r^^and  one 
of  the  mod  famous  of  the  Eafif&nd  the  3d  in  the  Ottoman  Empire,  if 
we  confider  it  as  the  Rendezvous  of  the  Caravans^  and  of  the  Tw' 
kijh  Armies ;  as  the  Magazine  of  Jewels ,  of  Spices,  of  Silks,  and 
other  coHly  Commodities  which  are  brought  thither  by  Sea  and  Land, 
and  from  thence  fent  into  other  pai  ts  of  the  World  by  the  Pore  of  ^- 
Itxandretta  or  Scandaroon 

3.  Hamab  Leunel.  Hamous  Bellon,  Aman  aliit  &  Datnant  in  Mappa 
Bleau^  is  the  Apawea  or  Apamia  of  the  Ancients,  built  by  SeUncus, 
and  fo  called  from  the  Name  of  his  Wife,  feated  in  the  midft  of  a 
great  Plain  ,  encompalTed  with  pleafant  Hills,  abounding  in  Corn 
and  Wine.  Its  Orchards  ftorcd  with  variety  of  Fruits  and  Palm- 
Trees  Its  Gardens  watered  with  many  Channels  drawn  from  the 
Vrontes, 

4.  Hams,  Hemz.  Turcit,  Human  Bell  Chtmps  Toftel.  d^  I,  KyJo,  Ca» 
mJuNigro,  is  the  Emifa  Eujeb.  Emiffa  Vtol  Hemefa  Tlin,  for  pleafant  fci- 
cuation  much  as  the  fame  with  Hamab, 

f .  Seleucia,  built  near  the  Mouth  of  Orontes  by  Sekucus,  efteemed 
the  greateft  City-builder  in  the  World,  viz,,  9  of  his  own  Name,  16 
in  memory  of  his  Father  Antiodus,  6  bearing  the  Name  of  his  Mother 
LaoMceay  and  three  in  remembrance  of  his  Wik  Apameta,  befidesfeve- 
ral  others,  either  built,  repaired,  or  beautified  by  him.  It  had  the 
Surname  of  Pieria,  called  SilfoSoUin  Nig.  & SeUucbe-Jelber,  Lame  Sido^ 
niitjfi,  •  . 

6.  Zeugma,  feated  on  the  Banks  of  the  River  Eupbrates,  where  A- 
Uxander  the  Great  paifed  over  on  a^  Bridge  of  Boats. 

7.  Samofatba,  Scempfaf  L.  Sidonienjiy  near  the  Banks  of  the  Eupbrates, 
over  which  there  was  a  Bridge  for  a  paiTage  into  Mefopotamia ;  here  was 
born  Lttetan,  and  Paulus  Samofatenus ,  Patriarch  of  Antioch,  who  was 
condemned  for  Herefy. 

8.  Palmira,  Amagara  Ortel.  Fayd.  Sanf.  feated  near  the  Defart  of  A- 
rabia,  famous  for  Zevobia,  who  flood  in  opposition  with  Gallienus  for 
the  Empire  of  the  Ea(t,  but  was  taken  Prifoner,  and  led  in  Triumph 
through  Rome  by  Aurelian. 

9.  Adada  is  memorable  for  the  Vidory  that  Aretus  King  of  Arabia 
obtained  againft  Alexander  King  of  Jewrj, 


-hi'l  ' 


10.  Da- 


vert 


X 


i^:^: 


\l.  V 


*."» 


10.  Dsmsfcm,  Dsmafco  Enrop^eit,  Sciam  Mina^,  Scbam  incolis  Leuncl, 
Damst  GaOiSf  once  the  chief  City  of  Syrky  and  one  of  the  mod  an- 
cient in  all  yifu,  feated  near  the  River  Cbryforrhoas,  Hharpbar  Hebrau, 
MegeU  Bell.  Farfar  &  FtrneGiJh  in  a  Soil  fo  fertile  in  Gardens^  Or- 
chards and  Vineyards,  a  place  fu  plealant  with  Rivets  and  Fountains, 
fo  furfeiting  of  Deliglits,  fo  ravi/fiing  with  Plcafures,  thatfome  have 
called  it,  The  Paradtje  of  the  iVorU ;  famous  for  the  Temple  of  Zacha- 
riai,  garnifhed  with  40  (lately  Porches,  and  adorned  with  ab(.ut9ooo 
Lanthorns  of  Gold  and  Silver.  Ruined  and  deftroyed  by  the  I'er/ians, 
MaceJontanSf  Romans^  Parthians,  Saracens ,  T<irtan ,  by  the  Solclant  of 
Efryptt  and  by  the  Turks.  After  the  Battel  of  IJI'ms,  AUxandtr  the  Great 
found  in  Damas  200000  Talents  of  coined  Money,  and  5*00  Talents 
uncoined. 

LauJtcba,  Laodicea  Cic.  Strah,  Tliti,  Laodice  Folyb.  fo  called  from 
Laodictt  the  Wife  of  Antiochnsy  and  Mother  of  Seleucusy  firnamed  C4- 
biofa,  called  Liz,x,a  &  Licbe  Minad.  &  OUvario,  100  Miles  from  Da- 
mafcus. 

There  was  alfo  another  Laodicea,  Vtot.  upon  the  Sea  coaft,  jo 
Miles  from  Antiocb  Weft.     Rbamata  llabratSy  Lyche  incolis  tefie  Mol. 

Beritusy  no IV  Barutii  or  Berite ,  once  much  frequented  by  Mer- 
chants, and  others,  near  which  is  that  noted  Valley  where  (  as  it 
is  faid  )  St.  George,  by  killing  the  Dragon^  redeemed  the  King's 
Daughter. 

Biblus,  now  Gihbeletby  was  the  Habitation  of  CinivMs  the  Father  of 
Myrrba,  Mother  to  the  fair  Adonuy  from  whom  the  ^kighbou^ing  Ri- 
ver took  its  Name;  once  a  Bifhop's  See,  nowdefolate. 

I  had  almoft  forgot  Alexandretta  or  Scanderoorty  the  Sea- port  of  Aleppo, 
SL  confufed  heap  of  paltry  Houfes  inhabited  b>  the  Greeks,  who  keep 
Fudling  Schools  for  the  Mariners,  and  other  meaner  fort  of  the  Peo- 
ple ;  only  the  Dwellings  of  the  Vice-Confuls  are  very  covenient : 
BatTavernter  (aith,  They  muft  be  Men  who  love  Money  that  accept  of 
thofe  Employments;  for  the  Air,  like  that  at  Ormusy  is  fo  bad,  in  ^^ 
Summer  efpecially,  that  if  it  doth  not  kill ,  yet  they*  cannot  avoid  |^^ 
very  dangerous  Diftempers :  And  after  fome  ftay  there,  to  remove  , 
to  a  better  Air,  is  to  endanger  their  Lives :  But  Amij'acra  fames. 


Ml 

'ill 
III 


1  -fr 


'?t 


Z  z 


.>t'l  ■ 


1 


■ .  5<r  '  ■ 


Of 


'jU 


1 


'.^. 


\,    -u 


u 


0/  Melbpotamia. 


TH E  fadan-Aram  oi  the  Scripture,  Trak'm  by  the  Verfians^  Jazzl- 
rey  by  the  Arabfans,  Meredin  by  the  Armemans,  by  the  7«Vi^j  D<- 
arbuk,  is  a  Ven'mfuU  oetween  the  Euphrates  and  73'_^r«y  on  the  ^«/, 
5o«f/&  and  Eafi  ;  and  on  the  North,  the  Mountains  feparate  it  from 
Turcomania ;  the  South  part  defart  and  barren  ,  the  Northern  pare 
abounding  wirh  Corn  and  Wine. 

A  Country  memorable  for  che  Birth  (A  Abraham  Sind  Rebecca  ;  thet 
long  Abode  of  Jacoby  and  the  Birth  of  nis  Children,  the  Original  of 
the  Hebrew  Nadon. 

Succeffively  fubje^led  to  the  Babylonian  ,  jijjjriansf  Medes  and  Ftr- 
ftam ;  from  them  conqiicr'd  by  the  Romm.'  j  recover'd  again  by  the  Ver- 
fiansp  cnen  fell  into  the  power  of  the  Saracens,  and  now  enflaved  un- 
der the  Turks „ 

Orfha,  or  Qurfa,  is  tht  ancient  Edej'a  ;  Edeffa,  Ttol.  &  Vlin,  Edefa. 
Strab. 

Erech,  by  the  Hebrev/s  and  Ra^es,  as  Villamvanus  tells  us,  Orfba  by 
Vaulus  Jovius.  Rotas  by  Haitbonus,  Rhoas  &  Rhoa  Niger.  Orfa  by 
V^CyUtHs,  Robtii  aL  Orrhoai  Arab.  The  Capital  City  oi  Mefopotamia, 
where  they  drefs  the  Yellow  Cordovant  Skins,  the  Blue  at  Tocat,  the 
R^d  a:  Diabeker. 

Carrh  Anown  to  the  Romanslov  the  death  of  wealthy  Crajfusy  Orfa 
Baud,  hiren,  Nig»  &  Sanf^  Dr.  Leonard  Ranwolfy  who  in  Anna  if 75*. 
was  at  Haran,  tells  US  it  was  then  called  Opbra,  1 1  days  Journey,  or 
232  Miles  from  Mo/ltloi-  Nmvih ;  That  it  was  a  fair  City,  wellinha^ 
bitedj  and  richly  furniPied  vvith  Merchandize,  but  efpeciaDy  with  fair 
Coverlets  of  divers  Colours^' 

Tivernier  and  Thfvenot  tell  115.  That  Our  "a  is  built  where  ftood  the 
indtnt  ^dtj[a.  r.irnorable  in  the  Chuich-Hiftory  for  the  Story  of  Aba^ 
garus'^  and  in  Roman  Hiftcry  for  the  death  of  the  Em^vot  CaracaUa  i 
and,  by  tiie  Report  of  the  Inhabitants,  the  place  where  Abraham  li- 
ved :  So  that  Haran,  EdejJ'a,  Cnrrka,  and  Orfa,  feem  to  me  to  be  all 
the  fame  City.  The  Walls  of  the  City  are  of  Free  Stone,  w'.th  Bat- 
tlements and  Towers,  but  Ruinous  within ;  upon  the  South- Ode  there 
is  a  Cadie  upon  a  Hill,  with  fome  old  pitiful  Guns.  The  City  is  go- 
verned by  a  Bafliaw. 

Diarbeker  ,     or    Diarbe^uir  ,    is   alfo    "^he   Caramit    or     Carahemit 
TiffciSf  tefe  Liuncl.  the  Amida  of  froccp,  Amman  Viol,  Hcmit  tncolis 


ed 


vmn^jftifm  i 


■  rt,  1! 


cfi«i  Confiantia  Jiifa  tefie  Baud. '  iZoriga  Mokt.  (eated  near  the  Tygrhy  a 
Frontier  Town  of  great  Strength,  the  Seat  of  a  Turkt^  Ba(h»w,  coA- 
taining  two  or  three  fair  Piazza's^  and  a  magliificent  Molque,  for- 
merly a  Chriftian  Church.  Tis  wel^  peopled,  containing,  by  Re- 
port, 2000  CbrifiianSf  \Armtnions,  the  reft  NefiortapSf  and  ibme  few 
Jacobites.  Famouii  for  its  Red  Manetjuins,  furpaffing  in  Colour  all 
others  in  the  laft,  as  alfo  (ci  excellent  Wine  and  good  Bread. 

Bir,  or  Birigeonf  is  feated  on  the  Euphrates^  upon  the  Brow  of  a 
Hill ;  Plenty  of  Bread,  Wine,  and  Fife. 

Sbarmely  Tav.  TcharnuUck  Thtv.  is  a  very  good  Town,  with  a  fair 
Inn,  and  very  good  Baths  round  about  it,  near  which  is  a  Moun- 
tain; on  the  top  whereof  is  a  Fortrefs,  with  a  Garifon,  which  the 
Grand  Vijier  in  the  Year  i6;i.  after  his  lofs  at  Pagdaf,  intended  to 
have  made  his  Refuge,  but  was  ftrangled  before  ^  could  accomplilh 
hisdefign.  .  ^  ;   t  ! 

Dadaaardia  Tav.  The  Ruins  whereof  denote  «(  t&  ha vtf  b^en  a 
large  Town ;  but  now  the  Inhabitants  have  no  othier  tfabication  but 
she  Hbllows  of  Rocks. 

Coufafar  Tav*  Kodgiafar  Thev,  is*  a  Village  where  you  pay  the  Ca- 
ftoms  of  Diarbecjuir  Tav.  rather  of  Merdm  te(te  Thev. 

MerdiH,  Marde  Herob.  Vtol.  Merdino  Onupb.  Mirdin,  Barb.  Mirdanum 
Vrocapo  ,  two  Leagues  from  Kodgiafa*-,  b  a  littler  City  feated  on  a 
Mountain^with  good  Walls,  and  a  Caftle,where  is  reddsnt  a  Balhaw^ 
who  bath  under  him  200  S^ahts,  and  400  Janijaries. 

Karafara  Tav.  Caradene  Tbev.  ihews  the  Ruins  of  feven  or  eight 
ChUfches,  and  wa&^nce  a  great  Town,  one  day's  journey  from 
Npbifi. 

Niibin  is  but  the  fli^dow  of  the  ancient  Nifibit  of  Strflh,  Vtol  Plut, 
?lm,  and  formerly  a  great  Town>  now  haidly   an  ordinary  Vil^ 

lags. 

Moful^  upon  the  Weft  fide  of  the  River  Tygris,  is  encompaifed  with 
Walls  of  rough  Stone,  plaiftered  over  with  little  pointed  Battlements 
on  the  top.  It  hath  a  Caftle  built  of  Free  Stone,  arid  the  Walls  are 
about  three  Fathom  high ;  on  the  Land-fide  feparated  from  the  Town 
by  a  Ditch  five  or  fix  Fathoms  broad,  and  very  deep.  In  the  Caftle 
there  are  fix  large  Guns,  whereof  one  is  broken,  and  one  is  mount- 
ed  ;  feveral  Field  pieces,  whereof  two  mounted. 

The  Tygris  here  in  Sammer  is  not  broader  ttian  the  River  Sein  in 
France,  but  deep  and  rapid,  and  in  Winter  tis  as  broad  again. 

And  here  I  cannot  omit  w'lat  Tbev^mt  affirms  of  Sanfon's  Map  of 
this  Countryi  vtz,*  That  belides  the  mift^kes  of  Rivers,  he  hath 

Xz  z  made 


./4fe>.( 


1  I 


i 


Ml 


"mmmmiif 


n- 


S$<5 


Of  Ttir'kj!  w  Jfith 


made  fo  many  Faults  in  the  poHtion  of  Places  in  their  Diftaoccs,  as 
alfo  in   their  Names,  that  nothing  of  the  Country  is  true  in  the 

KiTjn  -.■•    '-    *'•      /••••^    ■••''    --■  ■'•:.••    '  .     ■  /'.' 

Diarheci,  taken  in  general,  comjprehends  j^rz,erum,  the  /ijfyris  if 
eld,  and  Terac  the  ancient  CbaUea,  or  Bahylotiia,  the  chief  Cities  where- 
of are  Babylon  and  Niniveb,  which  were  heretofore  very  famous,  now 
altogether  ruined :  Ni»ix/e-6  jui^  over  againft  A/o;W,  was  the  Refidence 
of  the  King  of  ^Jfyria,  24  Leagues  in  Circuit.  The  voluntary  death 
of  5W<j»<»p«»/«i,  and  the  Repentance  of  the  Inhabitants,  have  renown- 
ed it  in  Story.  Towards  the  Frontiers  of  Ajjyria  inhabited  a  War- 
like People,  called,  The  Curds^  where  many  great  Battels  have  been 
fought,  viZ,.  That  at  Arbela  and  GaugJ>fitela,  Vim.  or  Gavgamela  Strab. 
now  near  to,  if  not  the  fame  with  Schiahrazur,  the  Seat  of  a  Turkijh 
Btgkrbegi  Renowned  for  the  ViAory  of  Alexander  the  Great  againit 
Darius,  killing  above  400000  Perfiansy  with  the  lofs  of  500  Macedo- 
fiUfis.  There  the  Caltpbs  won  the  Battel  of  Maragu  ,  which  made 
thcmMafter^iof  aH  Ptrfla.  And  near  to  Chuy,  Selim  defeated  IJhmael 
Sephi,  who  had  always  been  a  ViAor  before.  Babylon  lay  a  fmall  day*s 
Journey  from  Bagdat,  which  ftands  upon  the  Tjgm,  and  is  only  a  heap 
of  Ruins  in  a  place  called  Fekugia,  near  to  which  they  (hew  the  place 
where  ftood  the  Tower  of  Babel,  famous  for  the  Confufion  of  Lan- 
guages. " 

This  Babylon  was  built  by  Nimrod,  whom  fome  affirm  to  be  Belui, 
Semiramii  and  Nehchadnezz,ar  much  augmented  it :  The  firft  of  the 
two  having  encompafled  it  with  fuch  Walls  as  were  accounted  one  of 
the  Seven  Wonders  of  tbt  fVorld ;  and  the  high  and  fair  Gardens  upon 
the  Terras  were  no  lefs  admir'd.  It  was  taken  by  Cyrus,  by  Darius, hy 
Alexander  the  Great,  who  died  there,  and  by  Selemus.  The  Power  and 
Wealth  of  Babylon  was  fo  great,  that  it  contributed  more  to  the  Grand 
Cyrus,  than  the  third  part  of  all  his  Dominions.  Next  to  Babylon,  Se- 
leucia,  called  Coci&f  Sina  Alexandria,  then  Seleucia,  from  Antiochus  the  Son 
of  SJucius,  teft-e  Aiartiano,  now  Bagdad,  or  Bagadat ^tefie  Sanfone ;  was  the 
moft  confiderable  City  in  all  Afia,zn6  c  hen  Ctejiphon :  Baghdat,  or  Baga- 
</. //.generally  called  Babylon,\s  not  only  the  Rendezvous  of  feveralMer- 
chants,  but  alfo  of  the  Mahometans  of  all  parts  of  Afia,  who  go  to  vifit 
the  Sepulchres  of  Omar  and  Haly,  and  other  Mahometan  Saints.lt  was  a 
long  time  the  Refidence  of  the  Caliphs.  Ulit,  who  was  one  of  them, was 
Matter  of  one  of  the  greateit  Monarchies  in  the  world,  for  it  extended 
from  the  moft  Weftern  parts  of  B^rb^,  to  the  Eafi-hdies,  Another 
Calith  of  this  City,  at  his  Death  left  Eight  Sons,  Eight  Daughters, 
Eight  Millions  of  Gold,  Eight  thoufand  blaves,  and  the  Addition  of 

Eight 


OfTurkymAfid.  isi 

Eight  Kingdoms  to  his  Dominion.  In  the  year  i6;8.  when  Amurat^ 
the  Fourth  re-tool^|it  from  the  ?tr(iansy  he  caufed  three  men  out  of 
every  Tent  through  his  Army  to  be  caft  into  the  Moat^  and  over  them 
a  vai^  number  of  Bavins  and  Wool-Sacks  y  that  he  might  the  more 
eafily  AlTault  the  Town.    Kufa,  or  Mtcba  Alt,  is  a  City«  for  which 
the  Mabomztans  have  a  particular  Veneration,  as  being  the  Burying- 
place  of  Haly,     Baffora,  or  Balfora,  is  the  Teredm  of  Strab.  Vlin,  ?tol.  a 
Town  near  the  Mouth  of  Tygris,  which  they  of  the  Country  call  Sbat, 
It  is  large  and  pleafant,  by  reafonof  its  Palm-Trces.    The  conveni- 
ency  of  its  Ports  furniihes  India  and  Verfia  with  Dates,  which  are  Bread 
and  Wine  to  thofe  that  know  how  to  order  them.    Some  few  years 
fince,  Balfora  fell  under  the  Jurifdi^tion  of  Alp-Bajfa,  whoftirdhim- 
fdf  King  thereof,  who  left  it  to  his  Succeflbrs ,  who  enjoy  it  from 
Father  to  Son,  paying  a  fmall  Tribute  to  the  Grand  Signior,  who  is 
afraid  to  opprefs  him  left  he  fhould  Revolt ;  but  thefe  two  laft  Places 
properly  belong  to  ^rrf^w.  , 


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fpohma^.         /-,M    ■  hlc-ratt  ^f-^       ,  .     "mf*      V — ^     iVl  »  ••       '^^      *£/i. 

y.^y-'Ma          \  ,             •         ■JMnacH,:..»£„haJJa        X^  ^      .-       f  ^ 

J.iJJa  E    Sarcit   .'j^^..t   ,^  ^..iA..    J"..: y       *   ~^*'- 


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'      ^"  A^^-        /'!'.'^7l  ''JfKcJtfJtk      ^^^«r^,-^ 


T. His  Country  wasfirft  Inhabited  by  Canaan  the  ^^x\o\Cham,  and 
called  by  his  Name.  He  dying,  left  it  to  his  Eleven  Sons,  that 
bore  the  Name  of  the  Children  of  Qanat^n,  at  what  time  it  contained 

Ji  King- 


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thatb 

terncc 

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governt 
with  th 
during 
and  aft( 
Htrol  i< 
Virtues 
Family 
the  i^'n 
Etbmrci 
ed  and 
vince,  ai 
Cajavy  u 
when  x\ 
long  afr 
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new  Coi 
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the  Cap 
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ft  Kitig^mi,  artdjf  Satrapet:  Divided  afctfrwir^s  iiito  t2  'tribes^ 
niac  bore  the  Names  of  the  Sohs  of  Jacob  anid  Jfrdel,  being  conquered 
by  Jcjhua,  and  pofleiTed  by  the  Ifraelites;  who  for  ^86  years  were  go- 
verned by  Captains  and  Judges;  after  that,  for 418  years,  by  King^ 

From  Rihohoaw  10  Tribes  revolted,  who  chole  the  fugitive  Jeroboam 
iot  their  King:  His  SucceiTors  were  ftiled  Kings  of  Ijratly  fo  that  it  then 
contained  two  Kingdoms,  vtz,.  i ft,  of  J»i^<»i6',  whole  Regal  Seat  was 
Jtruialtfh ;  2d,  of  /  r<nl,  whofe  Seat  Was  at  Samaria.  After  2f  9  years, 
ih^  Iiraelhn  were  led  into  Captivity  by  the  King  of  Jj/yria,  lomefay 
beyond  the  Cafptan  Mountains ,  from  whence  they  never  returned*^ 
And  ihe  ^//'^r/^vi  poiTeffed  their  Land  ,  and  were  called  Santarita^f^; 
The  People  of  Ju^^ab  were  alfo  afterwards  carried  Captive  into  £tf^^-\ 
ion  hy  N  buchaJt}ez>z.!ry  after  fet  at  liberty  by  Cyrus  y  and  returnedv 
back  under  rhe  Condud  of  ZerubbabA,    After  this,  they  were  called 
7#ttj,  and  the  Country  Jewry '^  and  for  about  364  years  they  were 
governed  by /://-//?ocr<jf;,  Mm\\i\iQ  Maccabees,  v/ho^  after  many  ConHic^s 
with  iheir  powerful  Neighbours,  upheld  the  Government  i ;  1  years ; 
during  which  interval,  the  Romans  un6cr  Vompey  conquer *d  Judea  ; " 
and  after  the  Death  o{  Antigomsy  the  laft  of  the  K^q^oik\\q  Maccsabees^ 
Hirol  is  made  King  by  Jugufius  &ndi /intbony  i  a  naan  of  admirable 
Virtues  and  execrable  Vices ,  fortunate  abroad,  unfortunate  in  liis 
Family  ;  his  Life  tragical,  his  Death  defperate.  After  whofe  Deaths 
the  Kingdom  was  divided  into  Two  parts,  half  of  ir  had  the  Title  <^f 
Etbmrcb^  the  other  half  divided  into  two  Tetrarchtes,  Arcbelaus  banifil-, 
ed  and  dying  in  Exile,  his  Etbnarchy  was  reduced  into  a  Roman  Prth 
vince,  and  the  Government  commitred  unto  Vontms  Vtlate,  by  Ttbtrim 
Cajary  under  whom  our  Saviour ^  the  Holy  Jefus^  did  fufFer  D^^th» 
when  the  Jews  cried  out.   His  hlood  be  upon  Us  and  Ours,    A  wiih  not 
long  after  effetfted  with  all  fulnefs  of  Terror;  for  the  Calamities  of 
the  War  inflided  by  Gallus,  Vt  pafian    and  Ttius,  exCeed  both  Exam-^., 
pie  and  Dercription,and  deftroyed  about  iioooo  People.  The  Lan^ 
deftioyed,  and  on  every  Head  an  Annual  Tribute  impofed  j  the 
Jt-ivs  were  quiet  until  the  Reign  of  Adrianj  when  again  they  raifed 
new  Comniotions,  being  headed  by  Berochab  their  counterfeit  Mtjfiah^ 
but  "{uhus  S(verusj  LicutQn&nt  to  Adrian ,  razed  5:0  of  their  Strong-holds, 
anv*!  98  J  Towns,  and  flew  ySoooo  ;  fo  that  the  Countries  lay  wafte, 
and  the  ruined  Cities  became  an  Habitation  for  Wild  Bealts,  and 
the  Captives  were  tranfported  into  Spam  ,   and  from  thence  agaia 
exit  d  in  the  year  lyoo. 

In  which  Interval  of  time,  the  Country  inhabited  by  other  People,, 
%boui  (h&  time  of  Confianfine,  embraced  the  Chilian  Keligion:  But  ifi> 

*  •  die: 


t,'» 


^ 


'    i-/^..i 


-iSt 


J 


ti  ■  . 


360  O/Turk/ myifidi 

^b  Keign  of  Pbocas,  the  Perjfiant  over-ran  the  whole  Ccunti'y  otTaU* 
/Hr/fj  inflidine  unheard  of  Tortures  on  the  Patient  Chrifiians.  No 
fooner  freed  from  that  YokCj  but  they  fuffercd  under  a  greater  by  the 
execrable  Saracefis,  under  theCondud  of  Omar,  who  were  long  after 
expulfed  by  the  Turks,  then  newly  planted  in  Perjia  by  Tangrofilix, 
When  the  Cbrifitans  of  the  fVefi ,  for  die  recovery  of  the  Land,  fet 
forth  an  Army  of  ^00000,  Godfry  of  Bol^ne  the  General,  who  made 
thereof  an  abfolute  Conqueft,  and  was  eleded  King  of  Jerufalem,  in 
the  89th  year  of  that  Kingdom  ;  and  during  the  Reign  of  Guy,  the 
Cbrifiians  were  utterly  driven  out  and  deftroyed  by  Saladine^  the 
Egyptian  Sultan,  who  held  it  until  Selytnus  the  Firft ,  Emperor  of  the 
turks,  who  in  the  year  ip?-  added  the  Holy  Land,  together  with 
T.^pt,  unto  the  Ottoman  Empire,  under  whofe  Power  it  now  is  go- 
verned by  Two  Sanz»iacks,\xti^QT  the  Bafifa  of  Damajcus,  one  refiding 
at  Jerufalem,  the  Other  at  Naplous.  It  is  now  for  the  moft  part  inha- 
bited by  Moors  and  Arabians ,  thofe  polTeffing  the  Vallies ,  thefe  the 
Mountains ;  fome  few  Turks,  many  Greeks,  with  other  Chrifiians  of 
ail  Seifts  and  Nations ;  fome  Jews,  who  inherit  no  part  of  the  Land, 
but  live  as  Aliens  iii  their  own  Country. 

The  Chorographical  Divifion  of  C  ANA  A  N. 

This  Land  of  Canaan,  within  Jordan,  was  divided  into  five  Principal 
Parts  or  Provinces,  viz,  i/,  Jewry  in  the  South,  where  King  David's 
Thione  was  fet,  and  the  Holy  City  built,  comprehending  the  Two 
Tribes  of  Judab  and  Benjamin,  id,  Samaria  in  the  midft,  the  chief 
Seat  of  Ihe  Ten  Tribes  of  Ifrael,  containing  the  Tribe  of  Ephraim,  and 
the  half  Tribe  of  Ai<a»tfj^j.  ^d,  Galilee  in  the  Nortb-Ea^,  where  Chnfi- 
Jefus  was  very  converfant,  and  was  divided  into  the  Higher  and  iht 
Lower,  containing  part  of  A^ur,  all  Napthaliy  and  part  of  Zebulun. 
4fi&,  Pbcentcia  on  the  North-Wefi  part  of  Canaan,  containing  the  Sea- 
coaft  of  Afnur  and  Zebulun.  ^tb,  The  Land  of  the  PhiUflins  upon  the 
Wefi  of  Canaan,  whofe  Country  was  allotted  to  Judah,  Dan,  and  5/- 
meon,  thefe  were  always  great  Enemies  to  the  Ijraelttes  j  and  from 
them  was  the  whole  Land  called  Palefiine. 

The  Land  of  Canaan,  without  Jordan,  poireflfed  by  the  Amoritcs, 
who  had  driven  out  the  Moabtte  id  Ammomtes,  contained  three  Prin- 
cipal Parts  ;  i/,  Part  of  the  ifs^ingdom  of  Sihon  King  of  the  Amo- 
rites,  in  Hejhbon,  taken  from  the  Mabisesy  which  was  given  to  the 
RtHbenita.     id,  The  Land  of  Gtlead,  which  contained  part  of  the 

,  Kingdom 


'  of  Turl^  in  Aftd*  ^ 

Kifigdon  of  hihon,  laktn  from  th?  Ammi^ei  ;*4n4part  cjf  |e1iQ;King- 
dom  of  O^  Kirtg oiB^Jhaff,  which  was  given  to mcGaJites.  ^V,  The 
reft  of  the^Kingdom  ofC^^  with  half  Gilead^  and  the  RegiDnof^r- 
^tf^,  was  given  to  the  half  Tribe  of-Maf7ajJes :  All- which  aFe-«eiineated 
in  the  Miip,  as  alfo  the  Names  of  the  Chief  Cities  and  Towns  in 
each  Tribe. 

Once  a  Country  fo  fertile,  that  it  was  called,  A  Land  flawing  with 
Milk  and  Homy  ;  adorned  with  pleafant  Mountains,  and  luxurious 
Vallies ;  neither  fcorched  with  Heat,  nor  pinched  with  Cold.  The 
Wealth  and  Power  of  it  fo  great,  the  People ,  Cities  and  Towns  fo 
numerous,  that  there  was  no  Countrey  in  the  World  that  could  com- 
pare with  it.  But  now  rtmiiins  a  fearful  Monument  of  Divine  Ven- 
geance, a  fad  and  difmal  Mirror  for  all  other  like  finful  Countries  to 
view  their  DelHny  by.  Jerufalemy  though  fallen  from  her  ancient 
Luftre,  deferves  (till  our  remembrance.  Once  her  Kings,  her  Princes, 
her  Temple ,  her  Palaces  were  the  Greateft,  the  Richefl-,  theFaireft, 
and  moft  Magnificent  in  the  World.  Once  a  City  Sacred  and  Glori- 
ous, the  Seat  of  infinite  Ma jefty,  the  Theatre  of  Myftcries  and  Mira- 
cles, the  Diadem  in  the  Circle  of  Crowns,  and  the  Glory  of  the  yni- 
yerlTe,  but  now  Icabod :  It  was  ruined  by  Nehchadnezzar ;  Veffafian 
and  I'itus  utterly  razed  it,  and  deftroyed  above  Eleven  hundred  thou- 
fand  People. 

To  delcribe  this  Country  in  all  its  Curcumftances,  to  fpeak  of  its 
Laws,  Religion  ,  its  Divifions ,  Wars  and  Alterations;  to  write  of 
all  the  various  Tranfadlions  that  have  hapned  \j  \t^  would  require  a 
Volume  of  it  felf.  I  fliall  therefore  leave  it  to  my  atcrvlaid  Defcription 
of  this  part  of  the  World,  where  I  Ihall  give  a  more  particular  Geo- 
graphical and  Hiftorical  Relation  of  its  Cities,  Towns,  and  other  me- 
morable Tranfadlions,  which  will  be  a  very  ufeful  and  neceflary  In- 
trodudion  into  the  Princi^ias  of  ancient  Geography  and  Hiftory, 


A  a  a 


Of 


,(» '■^  :i  iv  1 93.  ^'.^/j'i'^ 


ffc 


Of  AR  M  E  NI A  Major, 
GEORGIA,   &c. 


Geor^jaw 

Co  MAN  I A 


ARmenia  is  divided  by  the  River  EHphratesinto  t-'O  parts,  Major 
and  Minor.  TCegreater  Armenia  is  by  the  Tmk  call'd  7ttww<»- 
hm;  by  the  PerfiansTkcura^  Emme,  or  Aemnoe ;  by  thr  NeftorianSfZel' 
htcdibts,  by  5i««^»,  Curdifian,  by  C/«i/cr,  P^p«/  and  C«r#/i. 

'   '  The 


h: 


Of  Turkty  in  Ap$.  I^j 

The  Andenc  Inhabitants  were  the  Mardi ,  and  GordUti ;  now  the 
Tunomartt  Sind  Cmdet,  The  lirft  are  faid  to  be  defcended  from  Tur^ne- 
fitm  in  Tattarji  from  whence  came  the  Turku   The  later  are  defcended 

from  the  Ancient  People  of -4/5''^"'« 

Ptolomy  difided  Armenia  into  four  principal  Parts,  which  contained 
20  Provinces,  and  87  Cities. 

Vliny  accounted  120  Strategies,  Governments,  or  particular  Jurifdi<- 
<ftions  of  every  Province. 

A  Conntry  much  better  known,  and  more  Famous  in  Ancient  Time 
than  now.  The  Advantage  of  its  Bounds,  the  Nature  of  its  Situati- 
on ,the  Magnificence  of  fome  of  its  Kings,  among  which,7)^r«7«a,Son« 
in-law  to  Mithredates  King  of  Pontusy  hath  been  the  moft  Famous ;  its 
Greatnefs,Government,and  Riches,  much  contributed  to  its  Renown. 

In  this  Country  are  the  Heads  of  four  Rivers,  Euphrates j  Tygris^ 
Vba/is  and  Araxes. 

Euphrates y  Teratb  Mofes,  Frat^NicoiaioyMorct  fiuTuircis ;  from  one  fide 
of  the  Mountain  A/mj^o/ falls  this  River,  which  divides  Armtfiiaind 
Mefopotamia  from  Afia  Minor,  Syria  and  Arahia,  dQfcendsintoChaUea, 
where  it  waters  the  Ancient  Babylon ,  and  joyns  with  Tigris  fome  what 
below  Bagdat, 

Tigris,  Hidekel  Ebraii ,  TegilCaftal  &  Pinero,  Diglatb  Jofepho,  de- 
fcends  from  the  Georgian  Mountains,  falls  into  divers  Lakes,  lofes  it 
felf  divers  times  in  the  Earth,  cuts  through  the  Mountains,  (eparates 
Mejopotamia  from  AJJyria,  wafhes  the  Ruines  o(  Ninivehj  receives  the 
Branches  of  the  Euphrates  ,  and  difcharges  it  felf  into  the  Per/tan 
Gulph. 

Pha/is^orFaJfayhath  its  Head  in  the  fame  Mountain  with  the  Euphra- 
tes, and  runs  its  Courfe  towards  the  North ;  and  after  it  hath  palfed 
ICO  Bridges,  falls  into  the  Euxine  Sea. 

Araxes,  Arap,  Achlar  Leuncl,  Caj'icz,.  Thtt,.  runs  Eaft  ward,  and  joins 
it  felf  with  Kur,  wCyrusy  whofe  Rife  or  Spring  is  from  the  other  fide 
of  ihe  Mountain  Mirgol,  and  then  falls  into  the  Cafpian  Sea,  Since 
thefts  Rivers  have  here  their  Springs,  Sanfon  tells  us,  That  if  there  yet 
remains  any  marks  by  which  we  may  difcover  the  place  where  the  Ter- 
reltrial  Paradife  was  placed,  it  was  rather  in  this  Country,  than  in 
any  other.  But  Sir  John  Shardin  makes  the  River  Phajis  to  arife  from 
the  Caucafus  Mons,  about  3  p  Miles  dil^ant,  and  to  run  South  into  the 
Pontus  Euxinus. 

The  Armenians  are  generally  of  a  healthy,  ftrong,  and  lobufVous  Bo^ 
dy,  their  Countenance  commonly  grave,  their  Features  well  propor- 
tioned^ and  Qf  comely  Perfonage,  but  of  aMeUnghoi^  a^Sacumine 

A  a  a  2  Air. 


J^'  ■■ 


/ 


5^4        .  .Of  T^^/iV^-**  • 

Ajr».  ,In  their  Humoiars,  Cqvetoi^  and  Sordid,  Heatly^adCWjftiivte  ; 
of  a  dull  and  ftupid  Appreh«nf]on,unl«fsin,M?rchandiaet^nd  Trade. 
Yet,  'tis  obieryed,  That  thofe  that  are  brought  up  in  other  Countries, 
are  of  a  more  acute  Underllandin^,  plcAling and  merry  in  Behaviour; 
but  the  Women  arc  commonly  ill  Ihaped,  long  nofed,  and  not  fo 
much  as  tolerable  handfome.     Ric. 

Armtnui  was  conquered  in  the  Year  i  ji  T'hy  Sd'tmm  theFirft,and 
^oniitxed  to  che  Ottoman  Dominions;  yet  the  Armenia'hs  pretend  they 
-cannot  be  made  Slaves  by  reafon  of  certain  Privileges  which  their 
Predeceflbrs  obtained  from  Makomit^  when  they  aflifted  him  to  fettle 
his  Empire ;  upon  which  confideration  moft  of  the  Merchants  of 
Imky  go  by  the  Name  of  Arnnmayn. 

The  >^rwf«/.i«  Church  is  Ruled  by  fourPatriarchs^thechief  of  which 
refidesat  Etcbmeafen  Ric.  Ecs-Mia'zifpChar^LCba}is;lee  Cbil/e  by  theTurks, 
or  Ouncb  Chilfe  from  the  Three  Cburchesy  which  are  there  built  in  a 
Triangle^  about  two  or  three  Leagues  from  Rivan  or  Erivan. 

The  chief  Places  now  are  Erz,irum,  TbeotJoftopolis,  P.  GtUioj  Sinera  Mi- 
Tiadalo^  Azirii  aliis,  a  Frontier  Town,  and  great  Thoi"ough-Fare,  the 
Refidence  of  a  Baflia.  TheEIoufes  are  ill  built  of  Wood,  without  any 
Order  or  Proportion,  where  are  fome  Remains  of  Churches.  Tavet" 
nier  tells  us,  That  though  it  be  very  cold,  yet  Barley  grows  there  in 
40  days,  and  IVheat  in  60. 

£n.^,  after  Garifoned  by  Mufiapha,  was  taken  by  Storm,  and  was 
lefs  of  Emirbamz,  firft  Conteit  with  the  Turk. 


witn( 


Cars,  Carfe,  or  Cbarfa  Leunc.  a  large  City ,  but  thin  Peopled,  feated  in 
agood^oil,  the  Rendezvous  of  the  Grand  Signms  Army.  Adaysjour- 
ny  from  KarjAre  to  be  (een  the  Ruins  of  a  great  City  called  Amkagee, 
ftrongly  fituate  in  a  Marjhy  Tav. 


. * w -..V.  plenty  of  Wine ; 

not  far  from  this  City  are  to  befeen  the  Ruins  of  the  Ancient  Artaxata, 
the  Seat  of  the  Ancient  Kingsof/trwfww,  n-fe  Taverrner:  So  that  Tcflt$ 
m  Georgia  QiT\nQX.  be  the  Artaxata  of  the  Ancients,  as  in  our  Geographi- 
cal Dottionanes. 

Nt^JJiv:}ij,  or  Nacbavavy  the  Ncxunnao^  VtcL  according  to  the  Opi- 
nion of  the  Armenians  y  is  the  moft  Ancient  City  of  the  World,  three 
Leagues  fi cm  Mount  Ararat  y  the  place  where  No^j/j  lived  aft (ir  he 
came  out  of  the  Aik.  There  is  feen  the  Ruines  of  a  great  Molque, 
which,  they  Hiy,  was  one  of  the  moft  ftately  Buildings  in  the  World, 
'  €reded  in  memory  of  ^eab  5  burying- place. 

In 


In  the  CanJerattVlaaa^t  notfii  froo)  Nafftvfln,  was  fought  a  memo- 
rable Battel  bewixcihtj T«>-4/  and  Pafunsy  whsre  both  the  Emperors, 

Seljm  and  (fmael,  were  prefent. 

-..  Kift,  the  Aremita  iHm.  Artcwitta  Sirab.  Artfundita  Vtol.  is  a  great 
City  upon  the  fide  of  the  wide  Lake  AraJJa,  or  Arfatiias,  now  Lake  Je 
l^til}av,  feared  on  the  top  of  a  high  Mountain,  and  is  the  Seat  of  a  Tttr- 
kij})  Begin- i!(^. 

BetJiSj  by  fomc  fiid  to-be  the  Tt^ravocerta  of  Plin.  ^  Tic.  belongs 
to  a  Bey,  or  Prince  of  the;  Country,  who  neither  acknowlcd;»es  the 
Gr<wd  Si^nior^  nor  the  Pnfl^n- StiUan.  Icis  fcitu-tte  between  two  high 
Mountains,  guarded  with  aCaillc  .lod  Draw  Bridge.  The  Bey,  be- 
fides  the  (trength  of  his  Pafles ,  is  able  to  bring  above  25-000  Horfe, 
bolides  Foot  into  the  Field.  Near  this  place  tiie  Verjiars  obtained  a 
great  Vi<5lory  iover  theT«r;^>,  in  wiiich  weie  flain  five  Snrzjuicks^  ^600 
yaniz^rtes,  2cooo  Soldiers,  40  piecesof  Cannon  taken,  and  Sv/ymans 
Serafflio,  in  which  were  Beauties  he  not  a  little  doted  on,  when  Ibra- 
-6/wBafla  was  ilrangled  by  a  Mute. 

Old  Julpha  or  Zuifa  was  the  Ancient  Habitation  of  the  ArweniaKs, 
which  Sbi:  Abbas  c.irricd  into  l^erfu,  and  is  thought  to  be  the  Ariam- 
mene  of  the  Ancients. 

Afi-abat,  a  League  from  the  Aras^  the  only»Country  that  produceth 
the  Ronas  Root,  whofe  ufe  is  to  dye  Red,  and  for  which  there  is  a  vaft 
Sale  all  over  T'trfia  and  India.     ■  .  .        . 

Marante  is  famous  for  the  burying  place  of  Noab's  Wife.       \ 
Sophiana  is  more  like  a  Foreft  than  a  City. 

The  Convent  of  St.  S^rpz&f'm  near  Nakfivaftf  was  the  retiring  place 
of  St.  MartheWf  and  St.  Bartholomew ^  in  the  time  of  their  Perfecution  ; 
a  noted  place  for  Devotion.  .      v 

•». 

Of  Georgia. 

BEtween  the  Bl^ck  Sea  and  the  Cjfpian,  lies  Ge  r^i^i-^  fb  called  by  the 
Gnciivi  f  om  the  word  Gtorgot^  whicli  fignifies  Hubbandmen  : 
Some  would  hv/e  tliis  Name  derive  it  felf  from  chat  of  St.Gm^^',  the 
Patron  Saint  of  all  the  Chriftians  of  the  Greek  Church     Under  the 
general  N^me  whereof,  we^coniprehend  Mingrelia  ;  Gtirffifi^m,  Zmrui^ 
and  Co^r^ania:  Piovinces  which  the  ancient  Romans  could  not  fubdue 
by  reafort  of  the  ruf;  ''nefs  of  the  Mountains,  which  were  known  to 
the  Ancients  by  ihe  Nani';  oi  Caucajusy  made  famous  by  the  Fable  of 
Pro^mrbcus.     Mmgrtt.^^  v^ith  Avogafia,  are  thfi  fame  with  Cvlcbis ,  oc 
little  .nore:  Famous  rot  t' is  Ar.ours  ofjafon  and  Aledea^  and  for  the: 
Conqa'vit  of  the  GoUm  lluoe  by  the  Argonautu  Gm-- 


I 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


^J^i 


1.0 


I.I 


15 

|Z2 

2.0 


1.8 


1.25      1.4 

j4 

•^ 6"     — 

► 

Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MA>'N  STREET 

WEBSTER, NY    i4*<«C 

(716)  872-4503 


) 


*   J'^     WJ>.. 


f/i 


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mm 


^mm 


3^ 


(JfTitrfymJfid. 


Gurgifan li the  dncietlC Iheria ;  Zutria anfwers to theancienc  Athnia ; 
and  Cmntinia  or  Careajjia  compofech  Some  part  of  the  jifiatic  Sarmatin 
on  the  South  of  Dm. 

The  ancient  Kingdom  of  Cbokbk  was  notfd  fmill  as  now  'tis  rec- 
koned, whenitexti^aded  from  the  Falus  Maotist  as  far  as  Iberiay  whofe 
Capital  City  was  alfo  fo  cailed^  where  our  Modern  Geographers  place 
Fajfo.  Th^  Cor  ax  and  i'bafis ,  famous  Rivers  in  ancient  Hiftory,  now 
called  CoSurs  and  /?w»?,  ferve  for  its  bounds,  in  length  no  Miles, 
in  breadth  about  60.  It  is  tiow  divided  into  three  parts ,  viz,.  Min- 
■gretia,  Guriel,  and  Irrtiretta. 

Mirtgrelia,  Odtjche  Ivcol.  is  a  Country  full  of  Hills  and  Mountains, 
Vallies  and  Plains,  almoft  covered  with  Woods.  The  Air  is  temperate, 
but  very  moift  and  unwholfome,  in  regard  of  the  extreme  wet  Wea- 
ther ;  fo  that  in  Summur  the  moifture  of  the  Earth,  being  heated  by 
the  Sun,  caufech  frequent  Peftilences,  and  other  Difeafes,  very  dan- 
gerous  to  Strangers.  It  abounds  with  many  Rivers,  which  fall  from 
the  Mountain  CMc^/ffx,  and  diCchargeinto  the  Black  Sea^  viz.  CoJours, 
the  Corax  of  the  Ancients.  The  Tuchtur,  which  Arrian  calls  Sigamus. 
The  So€Mm,  fuppofed'to  be  the  Terjcen  of  Jrrien,  and  the  Jba^eris  of 
Ttol  The  Languty  the  yi/tolpbus  of  old  The  Kelmbel,  or  Ctbi  of  Ar- 
The  Cianifcari,  Cianeus  of  the  Ancients.    The  Scbenifcari,  or  Ri 


nan. 


ver  Horfe,  by  the  Greeks  Htfpus.  The  jibafcia,  or  Glgucm  of  Strabo, 
the  Carles  of  Arrian,  and  the  Caritus  of  Ptol,  Thefe  two  Rivers  inter- 
mix with  the  famous  Pba/i^y  about  20  Miles  from  the  Sea, 

The  Pbafis,  by  the  Turks  Facbsj  by  the  Inhabitants  Rme,  at  the 
Month  is  about  a  Mile  and  half  over.  There  are  feveral  fmall  Iflands 
in  the  Mouth  of  it,  upon  the  biggeft  of  which  Sultan  Morat  built  a 
Fortrefs  in  the  Year  i^^*  when  he  attempted  the  Coni|ueft  of  that 
Country,  the  Ruines  of  which  are  now  to'be  feen,  but  noRemainders 
ef  the  Temple  efRbea  to  be  feen,  which  was  confecrated  to  the  Wor- 
{hip  of  Chrift  in  the  Reign  of  the  Emperor  Zetio^  nor  any  Ruines  of 
the  ancient  Sebafia,  or  the  famous  Colchis,  now  to  be  feen.  And  the 
City  Fa/6,  placed  where  Cbolcis  ftood  by  our  late  Gecgraphns,  is  alfo  a 
great  miftake,  tefie  Sir  John  Cbardm,  who  was  upon  the  place. 

The  Country  produceth  little  CornorPulfe,  the  Fruits  are  moft 
wild  and  unwholfome;  that  which  thrives  belt  istheGrape)  of  which 
tbere  is  great  plenty,  and  the  Wine  moft  excellent,  litrong,  and  a 
good  fiody,  pieafing  to  the  Tafte,  and  comfortable  to  the  Stomach ; 
fo  that  if  the  People  knew  how  to  make  it  rightly,  there  would  be 
ao  better  in  ^^. 

^-  -"     -       ■       '■      •  ■  '"   ■/  "     Their 


mmmm 


'■^ 


QfTurkfw^fisd  ^Sf 

Their  uftial  Grain  is  Gom,  which  is  as  ftniillas  Coriander  Seed*  i 
and  very  much  refembles Millet,  which  isfowed  in  Spring-time  after; 
the  Eune  manner  as  Rice,  by  making  a  hole^h  the  ground  with  then: 
Finger,  then  put  in  the  Grain,  and  cover  it,  which  produceth  a  Stalk 
like  to  the  Sugar-Cane,  at  the  end  of  which  there  is  an  Ear  that  con- 
tains above  ;oo  Grains.  This  boiled  into  a  Pafte,  is  the  only  Bread 
of  all  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Black  Sea,  from  Pains  Maotu  round  to  Tre- 

Befides  this  Gom,  they  have  Millet ,  Rice,  Wheat  and  Barley, 
which  two  laft  they  fow  upon  the  Ground  without  plowing  ;  for  the 
Ground  is  fo  foft,  that  it  takes  root  a  foot  deep  in  the  Mold,  and 
comes  up  without  any  trouble.        >       ^  ^        >     i-r 

The  ordinary  Food  of  the  Country  is  Beef  and  Pork  very  plenty, 
and  lb  good  that  the  World  affords  no  better.  Their  Wild-Fowl  is 
good,  but  fcarce.  Their  Venifon  is  the  Wild  Boar ,  the  Hart,  the 
Stag,  the  Fallow-Deer  and  Hare,  which  are  mo(^  excellent.  There 
are  Partridges,  Pheafants,  Quails,  and  Wild  Pigeons  in  abundance. 

In  the  Mountains  ofCaucaJus  are  bred  great  numbers  of  Eagles  and 
Pelicans,  Hawks,  Hobbies,  and  other  Birds  of  Prey,  and  other  Ihange. 
Fowl,  unknown  in  our  Parts.  And  the  Foref^  produce  a  number  of 
WildBeafts,  asTygers,  Lions,  Leopards,  Wolves  and' ChacalSi 

At^igivitas  is  a  Church  with  Three  Bodies,  where  they  fay  St.  ^». 
4rew  preached  in  that  place,  and  thp  Catboliccs  once  in  his  life  goesc 
thither  to  make  the  Holy  Oyl.  it. 

In  Minrnlia  are  neither  Cities  nor  Towns,  only  two  Villages  by 
the  Sea-fide.  Ifgaour  is  the  chief  Port  and  grand  Market  of  Mmgrelia.. 
Anarghia  is  the  mofl  confiderabie  Village  built,  where  flood  the  anci- 
ent HeracUa,  But  all  the  Houfes  are  fcatterred  up  and  down  in  the 
Country,  that  you  cannot  travel  a  mile,  butyoufhall  meet  with  three, 
or  four  together.  .  .     r 

There  are  about  nine  or  ten  Caftles,  at  the  chiefelt  whereof,  called- 
Rms,  the  Prince  keeps  his  Court.  *Tis  furrounded  w*tha  flight  ftone 
Wall,  and  Guarded  with  a  few  Cannon,  but  the  reft  of  the  Caftles 
have  none.  Sapias  is  the  name  of  two  Churches^,  one  of  which  b^ 
\ongi  to  the  Theatirtes. 

The  Mingreltan  Men  are  endued  with  all  mifchievous  Qualities^ 
there  is  no  wickednefs  to  which  they  are  not  inclined.  All  Addidled 
to  Thievery,  which  they  make  their  Study,  Employment,  Paftime 
and  Glory.  AiTadination,  Murther,  Lying,  are efteemed  noble; and 
brave  Anions.  Drunkennefs,  Fornication,  Adultery,  Bigamy,  In^^ 
ce(^,  are  Virtues  in  Mingrtlia, .  Other  wife  gpod  Soldiers,  well  ihaped^, 
"--       ■-■'•-  jj^ 


% 


^■i^^ 


36^' 


■f.:- 


OfTufk^h  JfH. 


ride  a  Horfe  well,  and  hfaft^le  their  Lance  „  with  extfaofdinanr  dex- 

teriCV*        .^^?:nh^i^  !!^w"yWOf  ?tliDiriW  >^1jHff;fi^  if*S'*  4j^ 

The  Women  of  Qualitf 'are  very  Hahdfome and  well  ftaped,  having^ 
Features  and  Glances  ^vifiry  charming  and  obliging,  nacuraliy  fubtle 
andquicu  of  Appiehenfion,  cxtrenielv  civil  and  eomplementdi,  other- 
wife  the  moft  wicked  in th«  World  '  M.?ugl.ty,  perfidious,  deceitful, 
cruel,  and  impudent  ro  procure  their  LovtMs,  or  to  dcDroV  them. 

The  Educaiion  of  Child' en  in  AltrgrtLa^  is  the  moft  lewd  and  vici- 
ous in  the  world ;'  their  Fatheisbring  them  up  t6  Thievery,  and  thek 
Mothers  to  Obfcenky.  ^ 

The  Inhabitants  of  CVttM/«f  that  herder  upon  Co/ci&i/,  are  tht  Ala- 
res,  whole  Countrey"  was  foimeriy  the  Northern  Frontier  of  /irmet^ia^ 
The  SuiTTi's,  the  GJgu'.<,  the  Ccraacles,  by  the  Turks  caWcd  CaraCherksy 
that  is  the  BLrk  GmYjIuTK,  hy-rnicn  of  the  Fogs  and  Clouds*  that 
darken  ihtirSky,  though  elfe  they  are  the  faireft  People  in  the  world. 
Formerly  thty  were  Chi  iftians,  and  yet  retain  fonie  Relicks  and  Cu- 
ftomsof  it,  but  now  profefs  no  Religion,  but  live  by  Robbery  and 
Rapine,  igyorant  of  all  Arts  and  Sciences,  more  rail  and  portly  than 
other  People,  furious  in  their  loo'kfs,  and  their  DiipoHtfortsandCou- 
wge  no  lefs  lavage ;  the  moft  daring  Robbers,  and  moft  refolute  Af- 
(aflinfttn  the  world.  ^    '"  L  .- 1*  ^    i    > 

The  Nagajen-Tartars  for  thema^f^Tt:  inh-^'-'t  the Champaigne land 
about /^/?r<?c.r',  living  in  Tents  fenced  With  Hakes  and  Palifadoes,  to 
fecure  themfeUcs  from  theAffaults  andlnfolendesof  Ni^ht-Robbers, 
and  the  Kalmuck  Tarwm  ,  who  oftentimes  furpnze  them  unawares, 
and  cariy  away  both  Men  and  Cattel.  '  ''  ' '^'  •^*^'^^;  ^    -^  n.  j  > 

The  Country  of  Curtei  is  very  fmall  ^  feparatcd  tcom  Mitigrelia  by 
the  River  Pbtifn  And  in  every  thing,  as  to  its  Nature  and  the  Man- 
ners of  its  Inhabitants,  it  rcfembtes  il^w^rf/w,  for  the^  have  the  fame 
Religion,  Cuiioms,  and  ihe  fame  Inclinations  to  Lying,  Robbery  and 
Murther. 

Gonieis  a  large  Caftle,  Four-fquare  built,  of  hard  and  rough  Stones, 
of  a  great  bujk,  feated  upon  the  Sea- fide;  tt  hath frur  Walls  and  two 
Gates,  but  n  j  Trenches  nor  Fortifications;  belonging  to  the  Prince  of 
Curiel,  diftant  from  tbajis  about  four  Miles. 
.  Akalzjtkt  is  a  Fortrels,  built  upon  the  defcent  cf  Mount.  Cj«w/«/, 
feated  in  a  hollow  place  among  Hillocks,  fortificdwith  double  Walls, 
and  flanked  with  Towers,  both  buill  with  iJartlercents  aftfer'the  An- 
cient manner,  defended  with  a  few  Gun-.,  and  is  the  refidejice  of  a 
Turkifh  Baifa.  Adjoining  to  this  Fortrefs  is  a  large  Town,  corlfifting 
of  about  four  hundred  Houfes ,  all  new  ,  and  of  a  !at^  Ereif^ion, 

jnh^- 


>. 


Of  Twtkt  i^  :A^4. .     ,  j6# 

inhabited  by  Tmkt ,  Anmrnam^  Georgians ,  Greekt,  Jem  and  Ciri- 

Imiretta  is  called  by  the  Turks,  Path^ebeoukj'or  Vacbakoutcljotik,  the 
•Little  Prince ;  is  a  Country  full  of  Woods  and  Mountains,  but  the 
Valleys  are  lovely,  and  the  Plains  moft  pleafant :  Here  Money  is  coin- 
ed, and  here  are  feveral  Towns ;  but  as  for  the  Manners  and  Cuftoms 
of.  che  Inhabitants,  they  are  the fameas  in  Mingreita.  The  King  hath 
feur  good  Caftles,  viz.j,  5M»</<r^feated  upon  the  (ideof  a  Valley,  Regia 
s,nd  Scorgiay  both  alm»^iaacceffible  in  the  Mountains,  and  naturally 
fortiHed;  4  C«tatis,  fi<Rl<fng  the  Name  of  the  Town  and  Country 
round  it;  perhaps  the  Gatmne  of  Viol.  90  miles  from  the  Mouth  of 
the  River  Tbafis,  built  at  im  foot  of  a  Hill,  conlifting  of  about  zoo 
Houfes;  it  hatha  Fortre^  built  with  feveral  Towers,  and  a  double 
Wall 

Thefe  Three  Kingdoms  are  tributary  to  the  Turks,  The  Tribute  of 
the  King  of  Imirretta  is  80  Boys  and  Girls,!  from  ten  to  twenty  years 
of  Age.  The  t^rince  of  Gmiel  pays  46  Children  of  bo:h  Sexes.  And 
the  Prince  of  Mingreita  60000  Ells  of  Linnen  Cloth  made  in  that 
Countrey.  • 

The  Princes  of  Mingreita  give  themfelves  the  Title  of  Dadian,  that 

the  Head  o(  Juftice. 


IS 


"-  .■  *■ 


0/  Gurglftan. 


(jT^  Eor^ia'yhy  dur^modemGepgraphersand  the  Per  fans,  is  called  Our" 
'  A,  T  gifiavyhy  the  Georgians  CartbueL  By  fome  Authors 'tis  divided 
into  four  particular  Provinces,  viz,  Imirette  and  Guriel,  of  which  we 
have  fpoken  before ;  ^.Caket;  ^.Cartbuel,  Thefe  two  laft  are  un- 
der the  Person  Dominion;  ^nd  this  is  that  which  th&Perjtans  call  Gur^ 
§ifia»,  and  the  Georgians  Carttbueli,  * 

It  is  a  Country  full  of  Wood,  and  very  Mountainous,  yet  enclofes  - 
a  grear  number  of  plealant  Plains ;  and  the  River  Kur,  the  C^rus  of 
the  Ancients,  runs  through  the  midft  of  it.  "^^ " 

^  The  Temper  of  the  Air  is  very  kindly ;  their  Fair  Weather  begins 
about  Majft  and  lafts  till  the  end  of  November,  The  Soil,  if  well  wa- 
tered prouuces  all  forts  of  Grain,  Herbs  and  Fruit  in  abundance  ; 
therefore  as  fertile  a  Country  as  can  be  imagin'd,  where  a  man  may  d 
live  both  delicioufty  and  cheap.  Their  Bread  as  good  as  any  in  the 
world,  and  their  Fruit  of  all  forts  is  very  delicious.  Nor  is  there  any 
part  of  Europe  that  produceth  fairer  Pears  and  Apples,  or  better  tafled ; 
^or  any  part  oiAfia  that  brings  forth  more  delicious  PcKH^ranates. 
:\  B  bb  V        jT        Thdr 


1  - 


v-<^ 


^im 


^"PW 


X 


Their  Cattel  very  good  and  pleatiful ;  their  Fowl  of  all  forts  is  incotn^ 
parable.  There  js  no  better  Meat  in  the  world  than  their  young  Por- 
kers, of  which  there  are  abundance.  The  Cajpian  Sea  and  Kur  River 
furniiti  it  with  all  forts  of  Salt  and  Frelh  Fifli ;  and  there  is  alfo  nol 
Country  where  they  drink  more  or  better  W^ne  r.NoMen  are  more 
addicted  to  their  fenfual  PleafureiS,  andbeailtal  Volupruoufnefs ,  thit 
is  to  Drunkennefs  and  Luxury;  neither  are  the  Women  lefs  vicious 
and  wicked,  having  an  extraordinary  Indination  to  the  male  Sex,  andi 
contribute  more  to  that  torrent  of  tJncleanneis,  which  overflows  alL^ 
theCountry.  ■  .'        ^  •  a  » 

Nature,  faith  ^^  John  Char  dirty  bath  beftowed  upon  the  Women  of 
that  Country  Graces  and  Featurts  which  are  not  other-where  to  be 
feen;  fo  that  *tis  impoffible  to  beholdthem  without  loving  of  them  ; 
more  charming  Countenances,  nor  more  lovely  Statures  and  Propor- 
tions can  be  penciled  forth  by  the  Art  of  nian :  They  are  Tdll, 
dear  Limb*d,Pluntpand^  Fully  btk  iiot  over-fat,  and  extremely  flen- 
der  in  the  Wafte ;  but  tHatvi'hicb  fpoils  all^  is  their  Nafty  Shifts,  and 
Painted  Faces.  t  ; 

The  Men  are  naturally  witty ;  nor  would  there  he  more  Learned 
Men,  or  more  Ingenious  Nfafters  in  the  world,  were  they  but  improved 
by  the  knowledge  of  Arts  and  Sciences;  but  their  Education  is  fo  mean 
and  brutifli  having  nothing  but  bad  Examples,  that  thofe  Parts  are 
altogether  drowned  in  Vice  and  Ignorance ,  fo  that  they  are  gene- 
rally Cheats  and  Knaves ,  Perfidious,  Treacherous,  Ingrateful  and 
Proud. 

There  are  feveral  Biflibps  in  Georgia j  an  Archbi/hop  and  aPatruirch^ 
whom  they  call  C^ttbttimi  There  are  alfo  many  Churches ;  but  no- 
thing remains  of  Chriilianity,  unlefs  the  name  of  their  Faffs,  for  they 
neither  know  or  Prai^fe  the  leaft  Precept  of  the  Law  of  JefusCirifi, 

The  Church- men  alfo  will  be  as  drunk  ,  and  keep  Female  Slavas 
for  their  Concubines  as  well  as  ethers.       , 

The  Nobility  exercile  a  more  Tyrannicai  power  over  th€ir  Subjeds 
than  in  Mrtgreiia,  challenging  a  right  over  their  Eftates,  Liberty  and 
Lives ;  if  they  feize  upon  them,  whether  Wife  or  Children,  they  fell 
them  or  difpofe  of  them  as  they  pleafe. 

The  Province  of  Carthuel  contains  no  more  than  four  Cities,  Gw, 
SurantyAly  and  Teflu  \  Gm,  orKori,  ^rmaticc  or  Harmaftis,  of  old,  tefi^e 
SanJ.  is  a  fmall  City  featedin  a  Plain,  between  two  Moutitains,  upon 
the  Bank  of  the  River  Chur,  at  the  foot  of  a  fmall  Hill,  upon  which 
there  is  a^jFortrefs  buiit,  which  is  garifoned  by  Native  Vtrfidns, 


$Hram 


"^■P 


NHPB«i!IV«HI 


mmmmmmm 


^ 


^MT^m  Js  a  fmill  Town ^  but  the  Fortrefs  is  Urge  and  well  built^  ha- 
ving loo  Men  in  garifon. 

Teflit,  4^taxata  Flin^jirtaicU  Tae,  Artaxisfsta  Strah.  by  the  Georgians 
CaUf  by  fome  Tehik-cala  \  h  called  aMo  Darel  Melee  ;  by  P.  Jovtus 
Cboim,  the  faiceft  Qty  in  Getrgig,  feated  at  the  bottom  of  a  Mountain, 

•  se  the  foot  of  which  runs  the  River  Cur.  The  City  is  encompaffed 
with  ftrong  Walls,  defended  with  a  large  Fortrefs  on  the  South-nde; 
it  contains  about  14  Churched,  fix  belonging  to  the  Georgians ,  and 
the  reft  to  the  Armenians.  The  Cathedral,  which  is  called  Sion  ,  is 
feated  upon  the  Bnnk  of  the  River ,  built  of  all  fair  hewen  Scone. 
There  is  not  a  Mo(que  in  Teflii,  though  the  City  belongs  to  a  iVi^^o- 
iffif/<iff  Emperor,  and  governed  by  a  A/<ii&omf/<7i»  Prince  The  Bazars 
or  Market-places  are  very  fair  and  large ,  built  of  Stone.  -  The  Inns 
or  CaravaHjera*s  are  no  lefs  beautiful.  The  Prince's  Palace  is  one  of  the 

*  moft  beautifal- Ornaments  in  Tefiu  ^  it  hath  been  twice  under  the 
-power  of  the  Turk*,  once  in  the  Reign  ol^mael  the  fecond,  King  of 

Ferfia,  and  in  the.  Reign  of  his  Succedfor.    Sofyman  took  it  almoit  at 
'"the  fame  time  asr  he  didT<i«w. 

The  Kingdom  of  Caket  is  at  prefent  in  fiibjedion  to  the  King  of 
Terjta,  governed  by  his  Viceroy.  .  The  Cities  are  all  Ruines,  unlefs 
that  which  is  called  Caket  or  Kaket. 

In  the  Northern  part  of  that  Kingdom,  thQAmax,ons  arefuppoH^d  to 
have  inhabited.  Ptol.  fixes  their  Country  in  the  4/?4fi<:^  Sarmatia  to 
the  Weft  of  Wvlga.  Quintim  Curtius  faith  alfo,  that  the  Kingdom  of 
Thalefiris  was  near  to  the  River  Pbafis;  and  Strah,  fpeaking  of  the 
Expeditions  of  Pompey  and  CaniMfts,  is  of  the  fame  opinion. 

i^iria  borders  upon  the  Cafpian  Sea; ,  its  chief  places  are  Derbent, 
Caucajid!  Porta,  Plin,  or  Vyla  Iberia  Ortel,  'Demir  &  Temir-Cavi  Turcis,  > 
Aieicandrii.,  Porta  Ferrea  &  Cajpia  Porta,  of  old,  now  belonging  to  * 
,the  pHt/ians ;  it  is  a  great  Market  for  Slaves,  and  is  a  ftrong  wall'd 
Town,  Cud  to  h^^   built  by  Alexander  the  Great.     And  Tarky,  at  this  /  / 
day  under  the  L  uke  of  Mof^covy.    Some  Authors  tell  us  of  Stranu  or 
Zambanacb,  which  ariiwers  to* Kn^dt'Alhana,  of  Zitacb,  or  Gorgora, 
thought  to  be  the  Ancient  Getara,  or  Gagara  oiPtolomy,  and  Cbipeche 
to  be  the  Ancient  Chabala,  f 

Itccuatains  the  C;Vca(/?.Mi  and  D  age  J!  an  Tar  tar  si  The  Circaffian  Coon-  ,,,/ 
try  is  very  fertile,  producing  good  ftorc  of  Fruit  and  Grain,  and  aifcr^- 
good  Pafture  Ground.  The  Men  arevery  Corpulent  and  Robuftjluve  ]    ; 
broad  Faces,  but  not  fquare,  like  the  Crirps  and  Calwucks;  of  a  I'war-  If^ 
*  tiiy  yellow  Complexionjihaving  their  Heads  and  Beardsafcer  a  ftrange  ' 


iQ 


maimer:  a 


furly  ill  natur'd  People,  good  Moife-mcn:jrheir  Anr.s 

B  b  b  2  »,|  arc 


^1 


■'■C*^' 


■mpi 


HIP 


im 


5?a  Of  Turk^uf  Jlfid^,  "^ 

are  a  kind  of  long  Bow,  which  ihev  handle  with  great  dexferity.^ 
Their  Won^en  are  verv  fair  and  lovefy,  with  black  Eyes,  well  pro- 
portioned in  their  Bodies,  of  a  middle  Stature. 

The  Dagefian  or  Dagbefidn  Tartars  inhabit  the  Hilly  Country,  which 
lies  towards  the  Sea ;  the  Men  are  in  Shapeand  Habit  much  like  the 
Circas-Tartarj ;  their  Arms  are  Bow  and  Arrows ,  and  a  Scimitar  : 
When  they  ride  out,  they  have  Spears  and  Launces,  a  Helmet  and 
Target  i  great  Men-ftealers,  whidi  they  fell  to  the  Tttrhs  and  Perfians. 
The  Dagefian  Tartars  are  fubjec^  to  feveral  Princes  and  Lords,  who 
are  independantlyibveraign. 

About  Detbent  appear  the  Ruins  of  a  )yall,  which,  is  laid  to  reach 
as  far  as  the  Eux'mt  Sea ;  and  in  many  places  of  the  Country  appear 
the:  Ruins  of  many  Caftles. 

Scbamachy^  Sammachi&  Suwmapbi,  thtCyrcfoJ'is  ofTtckCtrcambate^ 
T^rjtsi  Cjfflttb^Arabibusy  was  once  a  ftrong  place,  but  in  the  Wars  of 
the  Turk  and' Perjiam  it  was  difmantled,  and  .made  an  open  Village. 
The  Streets  are  narrow,  ijae  Buildings  low; .  itharh  a  fpadous  Market" 
place  or  Began  ,  having  feveral  Shops,  and  Galleries,  rich  in  MecchaA». 
djz^s  and  Manu&dories,Mt  mu^fjibje^  to  Earthquakes. 


.    ".      »    ■■   UA     |,'.."Mi.  J^timiii'TMM  »  '  I'll  J  miNimi. » 

v-.rr-'"..S- .«•  ^»' 


-»'^:^Si^i;':,;^iCp,3li-, 


■11. 


p/-  --<•  \ 


"■■yf  i>  . 
I  -         - 


m 


■i:';>v. 


•^ 


^  W  4  •• ,^i>.....,^. 4 «"jJ---' 

>me  ortfiefe  Matids  hare  bcca^rc^  remaEl[able  to  Afltiquity,  ^o«^^  * 
\^  thers  CO  us  at  prefent.    The  moft  remarkable  are ; 
I.  TeneJos,  Calydna  &  Leucopbrj/n.  Fuji.  Phertice  &  Lyrnejfus  Tlihi  Tmdo  -f  • 

50^.  which  produce moft  excellent  Mttfcadioe Wines  andch^p^ftituace'  - 

iieaC'«« 


■^;- . 


■ :  n 


A 


"'^ 


J 


?^74  OfrurhymAftM. 

near  the  Mouth  oF  die  f^eilVyJ^«/ eppofitc  to  Troy^  famous  for  the  con- 
.  cealing  of  the  Grecian  Navy. 

2.  Met i lino,  Ltibes  jtu'Mjt Una ^  of  old  Antijj'a,  Tthf^ia,  Maearea, 
Hemerte,  Lafia^  t/Eg)ra  &  <ty£tbiofey  Vltn.  &  aliis.  Its  chief  City  is  A/e« 
telim,  whicli  for  i.ts  greatncls,  and  excellency  of  its  Wine,  gives  Name 
to  the  Ifland.  Here  was  Sapfho  born,  the  Inventrcfs  of  iheSafpbick 
Verfe  :  Vtttacus,  one  of  ihe  Sages  of  Greece ;  and  Arion  the  Dolphin 

.  Harper. 

3.  Chios,  of  old  ty£taliaj  ^/Etbale,  Maoris  &  Pityr/a  ,  now  Cbio  Or 
Scio,  by  the  TurJks  Sacher,  by  the  VerfiansStghix,  diftant  from  the  /w/- 
an  Shores  about  four  Leagues,  in  compafs  about  124  Miles.  It  afford- 
Cth  excellentFruirs in  great  plenty,  but  is  mott  remarkable  for  its  Mu- 
fick,for  its  Honey,  for  the  Church  of  its  Convent  of  Niomefn,  once 
one  of  the  fairelt  in  the  world.  And  for  the  Sepulchre  of  Homer.  It 
uas  given  to  the  Ger.nues  by  the  Emperor  ^Wrc«/V«/P<i/rfo/ofwi, and  by 
them  poffeffed.  Ann.  1 J65.  it  wasifcy  Selimvt  SecunJu,  fraudulently 
furprized  and  taker,  and  now  fubjeift  to  the  Turks,  ,  > 

4.  To  the  Weft  of  this  Ifland  lies  PJyra,  a  (mall  Ifland  now  called 
P/<ir<?,witnefs  of  the  unhappy  Fate  of  a  great  part  of  the  Venetian  Fleet 
-1647.  and  ihe  lofs  of  G.  Grimani,  then  drowsed. 

5".  Icaria, novf  Nic^ria,  of  old  Do]ichei,Macrir&  Icbtbiefa.  It  abounds 
in  Corn  and  Pafturage,  in  compafs  about  So  Miles,  and  is  remarkable 
for  the  Shipxack  of  Icarus.  The  pooreft^  and  yet  the  happieft  Ifle  of 
the  whole  \/£gean  Sea;  the  Soil  Barren,  but  the  Air  healthful  j  their 
Wealth  but  fmall,  but  their  Liberty  and  Security  great. 

6.  Samos  is  one  of  the  greatefl  and  moft  remarkable  Iflands  of  the 
Archipelago,  the  Qountt!^ oivphagoras,  apd  pnee  a  Kingdom,  and  go- 
verned by  its  own  Kings.   .It  is  now  about  2^  French  Leagues  in  com- 
pa(s,  and  counts  18  To^ns  gfnd  Villages,     'xl^f-xM  i  -  V        '  /^ 
The  Riiines  of  the  dtd  City  of  Samos^  are  fix  Miles  in  compafs,  o\ti 
againft  theoldCity ;  about  a  Mile  diftant  ftand  the  new,  ndw  called 
M(g(ile  Chora,  where  is  the  Refidence  of  the  Archbiftiop  (lately  in  Iw- 
don)  tht'CaJee  Aga,  ^c.  Mont  Ctrcetius,  Or  the  Mountain  Kkrk^,  \$ 
4  thehigheft  of  the  whole  Ifland,  and  is  covered  with  Snow  almoft  all 
,  lihe  \ear,  and  hath  a  Lake  on  the  top  well  ftprcd  with  Eels.  • 

The  little  Samos  abounds  with  a  Flower  which  hath  a  fragrancy 

-^  like  Musk,  and  hath  alfo  this  ^uaUty,  Xhat'^nie  dpth  ^pt  dep^y^ut 

^^tiugment  the  fragrancy -of  its  Imelly, This  Flower  is^trtfttiCplanted^to 

•  oVdiie.choiccft  Gardens  of  CQr.ffqnuno^ki^vi^  xhaQravd  Si^pij^,'^^^\t 

-DiiOidinarily.in^hi?  Turin^t^*    '^^^ty\^/\'i'  ^--^.'-^-^'/r  v-r^r^'^/Xf^^ 

-        '  ^-C  V  -    '.  Car'Icvajj/ 


^^^^mfff'Wfw 


JUJ.Vf'W   — ~. 


rancy 
d^to 


irlova^ 


OfT0rkri$JJfd.  J7^ 

CarUvMJ^  is  the  (econd  Town  in  the  Ifland,  having  f  60  Mou(es> 
and  five  Churches ;  a  place  of  great  Trade  to  (ea,  and  yet  their  ^ort 
is  fo  unfafo)  that  they  are  forced  to  load  their  Veflels  amore,  and  fo 
launch  them  off.  Nor  mu(^  I  forget  the  SamUn  VefTels,  fovereign  for 
diverrufes  in  Phyfick  and  Chirurgery. 

Between  Nicaria  and  Samos,  lie  the  noted  Rocks  once  called  MeUn- 
tbiii  now  Fornoli. 

7.  Vatbmtsy  Palmofa,  Soph,  &  Bt  I.  now  Pat ifio ,  by  Georgefifies,  36 
Miles  in  compafs.  -  • 

Once  famous  for  the  Refidence  of  that  great  Apoftle  St.  Jch»,  and 
for  thofe  wonderful  Revelations  which  that  Evangelift  had  there,  du- 
ring his  Banifhment  in  the  time  of  the  Perfecucion  undGr  Domitiatf, 
which  to  him  indeed  was  Afocalypfey  but  to  all  others  Apocrypha, 

The  Port  called  Scala  on  the  Weft  fid6  towards  Naxos,  is  the  beft 
of  all  in  the  Archipelago^  near  which  fs  a  Rock  of  a  great  heighth,  cal- 
led SjnopSf  from  the  Magician  in  St.  Jobni  days.  The  Ifland  is  well 
ftored  with  Vines,  Fig-Trees,  Lemon  and  Orange  Trees  and  Corn, 
but  all  fubjed  to  the  Robbery  of  Py  rates,  as  well  Chrifiians  asMabe' 
mttans  ;  fo  that  Poverty  is  their  belt  Prote<aion  againft  Rapine,  and 
Patience  the  only  Remedy  againft  their  Tyrannical  Oppreffion. 
,  t8.  ;Hfr0»,  nqvjr  I^^i  about  1 8  Miles  in  compals,  noted  for  Aloes, 

9.  Clarot,  now  Calamo,  40  Miles  in  compafs,  very  mountainous, 
oncefacred  to  ^;)oi?&,  abounding  alfo  with  plenty  of  Aloes. 

10.  Cous,  GcSf  or  Coa,  formerly  Aleropes,  Carta  &  N/mpbaa,  now 
LanfTOf  Nig.  Stanoora^  Turcit,  It  is  iiO  compafs  70  Miles,  furnifhed 
with  fweet  and  pleafant  Streams ;  and  is  famous  for  being  the-  Birth- 
place of  HippocrattSy  the  |lj$|^iver  of  Phyfick ;  and  ApiJles  the  famous 
Painter. 

11.  Car  pat  bos,  now  Scarpante,}n  compafs  60  Miles,  ftored  with  the 
heft  Cow/.  ,  ,i;;..j4t<iki  .. 

1 2.  Rbo^us,  Opbiufa  df  T^lcbitiify  Strab.  A/feriay.  ^/£thraay  Ttinacria, 
CorytnUay  Foejjay  AtabyriayMaearjtai^CatoJja^  according  to  the  Anci- 
ents, in  compafs  is  i;  5*  Miles.  Its  Soil  Fertile,  its  Air  temperate  ; 
plentiful  in  all  things  as  well  for  Delight  as  Profit ;  full  of  excellent 
Paftures,  adorned  with  pleafant  green  Trees.  The  Sun  is  here  fa 
corfftaj^t,  tliatjt  was  dedicated  to  the  Sun,  and  held  facred  toVhabusy 
to  whom  they  i^redted  tlwt  vaftC«>/p^i^iof  Brafs,  accounted  one  of  the 
Se'ven  Winders  of  the  World y  faid  to  be  fo  Cubits  in  heighth,  every 
Finger  as  great  as  an  ordinary  Statue,  and  the  Thumb  too  gieat  to 
be  fathomed,  msAfiby  Charetes  of  Lindus,  It  was  12  years  a  making, 
and  66  years  afterwards  thrown  down  by  an  £arthquak€*|  900  Ca- 
mels 


■f«  • 


^"i^^^itPliP'vmiiiHilin! 


mmmtf^mfm^^ 


HFffipW!^ 


^mim 


Z^6  ;  Of  fitrfy  m  Afid» 

mels  were  taden  with  the  Bralt  which  was  ufed  about  ic  to  faftenatiS 
hold  faft  the  St,ones. 

The  Town  or  City  is  well  fortified  with  a  trebblc  Wall,  and  five 
IVrong  Fortrefles,  embracing  a  moft  fafe  and  admirable  Haven,  given 
to  the  Knights  of  Sr.  J»bn  J9  AcrtfOX  Jerujahm, by  Emanuel  the  Greek. 
Bmperor  in  the  year  i;o8.  but  in  the  year  1^22.  after  it  had  been 
defended  agaioft  the  Infidels  214  years,  ic  was  taken  by  Solyman  the 
Great i  aAd  after  fix  Months  Siege  it  was  furrendred.  HSerius  being  the 
great  Mafter,  to.  the  general  diflionour  of  the.Ch  'ftian  Princes  in 
3ieir  .tardy  Succors. 

1;.  Cyprui,  oi old  Crypta,  or  Ojpton.  Vtollt  was  alfd  called C*rtf/«r^ 
Cithin&  Cetiwat'then  JruafbHfia,  Paphia,  SaUmiuity  Macaria,  Cttke" 
reo,  Acbamantist  Ajperia,  CoHinU  &  Eroja,  It  is  in  circuit,  according 
.  to  StrMb.  4317  Miles.  To  Vlin.  ; 7 f .  From  the  Rocky  fliorc  of  CUicia 
60  Miles,  and  from  the  Coaft  of  Syria  100.  During  the  Empire  of 
ihe  Verftam  and  Macedonians ^xi  contained  nine  Kingdoms :  but  by  VtoL 
divided  into  four  parts,Stf/<i>w/»<»,  Amatbufia,  Lapatbta,  and  Papbia,  (6 
nam-d  of  their  principal  Cities. 

I.  Salamii  Ptol,  Salamim  Vlin,  was  built  "by  Teucer,  when  banifhed 
by  his  Father  Ttlamm.  ^• 

Afterwards  called  Conftantia  Stefb.  hvit  deftroyedby  the  Jewfin  the 
days  of  the  Emperor  rr<»;4».  ., 

And  laftly,  by  the  Saracens  in  the  Reign  of  Reraditu's,  from  the 
Ruines  whereof  the  Hamacojtas,  Fama  Augitj^a,  now  Fatnag«(ta  wascre- 
a«d  by  King  Cufta^  the  Father  of  Qieen#r«/i64riw,fjimousin  Storv  for 
the  Unfortunate  Valour  of  the  yienetians,  -under  the  Command  of  Sig- 
uier BragraMne,  againft  the  furious  Aflaaks  of  the  Army  of  Sefynsus  II. 
conduAed  by  Mufiapbaj,  who  caufedthem  all  to  be  murthered  but  the 
<jovernour,  whom  he  fiead  alive,  after  the  Surrender  of  the  Place  up- 
on honourable  Conditions. 

In  Lapatbiat  where  once  ftood  Jremitbus,  Trimetbus  Ttol.  Tremifanfa, 

^r  Tremifftge  Sopb^  now  ftands  the  Regal  City  of  Nicofia,  LeuJ/ta  & 

Leucotbebn  Gnec.  Ledrinfisij^  Leutbeon  So^fc  of  a  circular  Form  ^  and  five 

^  Miles  in  circumference^r  taken  -by  the  aforefaid  Mu/apba,  Ann.  1570. 

...with  an  uncredible  Slaughter. 

North  of  this  and  upon  the  Se3if  ^OodCeramia,  or  CeroniaCirynia, 
^'\'Tlifi,Carynia  &Cermium  Ortel,  nowCerivesy  ereded  by  C;r«i,  a  ftrong 
^lace,  yet  yielded  to  the  Turks hdiore  it  was  befieged. 

Amatbus,  now  Limifo,  Sacred  unto  Venus,   and  wherein  the  Rites 
andSacrifices'of  her  /^^o»/mj  were  annually  celebrated ;  faid  to  be  built 
by  Am^f  who  was  the  firft  that  conquered  Cyprus  Our  late  Naviga- 
tions 


Of  Turkyiit  AfiA*  377 

tiotls  tell  us,  chat  Laniebo  is  the  City  from  whence  our  Marchandizo 
comes  chat  is  laden  at  Port  Salines  or  Larmca,  fo  called  ;  of  the  abun- 
dance of  Sate  chat  is  there  made,  and  here  the  Tnrk  firft  landed  his 
Army,  the  chief  Port  in  Cyprus, 

Further  Weft  ward  is  a  Frommtoryy  in  form  of  a  Ven'mjulay  now  cal- 
led, Capo  deUe  Gatte,  formerly  Curiof,  from  a  City  not  fardiftant  of  the 
fame  Name,  now  called  Epfcopia,  On  this  Promontory  is  the  Ruines 
of  a  Monaftery  of  Greek  Coloieros,  who  bred  up  Cats  to  dcftroy  Ser- 
pents, and  to  return  home  upon  the  found  of  a  Bell,  and  therefore  by. 
fome  called  the  C<»;>«  0/ O/^/.  5,^ 

Vhrurium  Promont.  now  Bianco,  is  the  place  from  whence  they  werb 
thrown  that  but  prefumed  to  (ouch  Jpollo*s  Altar  in  the  adjoining^ 
Grove. 

Paphos  Nova,  PtoL  NeapapbosyPlin.PaUpaphos,  Strab,&  ^itl",  .Pa»  • 
fbyum  Poly b.  now  Baffo,  or  Bapho,  built  by  ^gapenor,  five  .i.^esfrom 
the  old  Papboj,  faid  by  Ovid  to  be  built  by  the  Son  of  Pifmtlion,  by. 
his  Ivory  Statue  J  fuch,  faid  to-be,  in  regardof  her  Bf.r  uiy.    Others  ■ 
fay  it  was  built  by  Cyneras,  Father  and  Grandfather  to  Morfis ,  wha 
having  fworn  to  aial*  MeneUus  with  jo  Ships ,    fent  him  only  one, 
vvith  the  M . -lels  of  the  other  in  Clay  to  colour  his.  Perjury.  -  Both 
places  famous  for  the  Worfliip  olVenus^  and  the  Sacrifices  which  her. 
Votaries  of  both  Sexes  did  perform  in  their  natural  Nakednefs :  But 
her  Temples  were  razed  to  the  ground  by  the  proci^rement  of  St.  Bar-^ 
naby,  not  only  here,  but  throughout  the  Ifland. 

Eaft  wards  of  Capo  St.  Pifano,  formerly  Pro.Acamas,  was  the  City  . 
Arfinoe,  now  Le fear e,  LufigyOt  Cr'tfoca  &.  Ak^'endrctta,  renowned  for 

the  Groves  of  J'^P'^'*- 

This  Iflandboaftsof  the  Births  ofJfclapiaJes,  Solon,  ZenothQ  Stoick,   , 

ApoUonius  and  Zenophen,  .  A  Country  abounding  withal!  things  necef- 
fary  for  Life,  and  therefore  called  ^/W^cam,;  and  afforded  matter  to. 
build  a  Ship  from  the  bottom  of  the  Keel,  to  the  top  of  her  Top- 
gallant, and  to  furnifh  her  with  Tackle  and  Munition.  In  Summer 
exceeding  hot  and  unhealthy,  annoyed  with  Serpents.  The  Brooks, 
for  Rivers  it  hath  none,  are  often  exhaufted  by  the  Sun,  and  for 
56  years„  in  the  time  o{  ConfiaKtine,  it  never  rained.  It  was  firft  pof-. 
feflcdby  the  Sons  of  Japbet,  paid  Tribute  tolWz  Eyjptain  A mafis^con'. 
quered  by  BduSf  and  governed  by  the  Pofterity  of  Teuary  until  Cyrm. 
expulfed  the  nine  Kings  that  there  ruled.  After  the  Greciavs  repoflTeft.  : 
the  Sovereignty,  and  kept  it  until  the  death  of  N/f^c/^j;  th^inirfellun-. 
der  the  Government  of  the  Ptolemy's;  then  the  Wealth  of  it  allured.  " 

and 
C  c  c  '       '   ber  . 


the  KoWiins  to  giake  i   Conqueft  of  it  j   reftored  to  CUopatra, 


C   2 


,!>;■ 


.<,^>*<r^^ ' 


,  A».^ 


^^i_' 


r^:i 


X  r 


1^8  Of  Tmfyif$Jf^Sh. 

ber  Sifter  Arfinoe,  by  Antonius ;  but  he  overthrown,  it  was  made  ». 
l?o»;tf»  Province,  and  with  the  IVanfmigration  of  the  Empire,  fiib- 
nvittcd  to  the  Biz,antint  Emperors,  governed  by  a  Succeffion  of  Dukes 
for  800  yearSjWhen  conquered  by  our  i?icW<;/ 1,  and  given  in  Exchange 
for  the  Titular  Kingdom  Jtrufakm,  unto  Guj  of  Lufignan,  in  whofe 
Family  it  continued  until  y^«».  1475.  It  was  then  by  CatharinaCcu 
ifeliay  a  Venetian  Lady,  the  Widow  to  King  James  the  Baftard  ,  who 
had  taken  it  by  force  from  his  Sifter  Car/i?rr*,refigned  to  the  Vtnetians ; 
who,  97  years  after,  loft  it  to  the  Turks,  under  whofe  Yoke  it  now 
groaneth.  'Tis  for  the  moft  part  inhabited  by  Greeks,  whofe  Ecclefi- 
aftical  Eftate  is  governed  by  the  Archbifliop  of  Nicofia,  and  the  three 
Biihops  of  Famago/aj  Paphus,  and  Amathm. 

its  chief  Mountain  is  Olj/wpus,  containing  50  niiles  in  its  Bafis,  now 
called  the  Mountain  of  the  Holy  Crofs,  cloathed  with  Trees,  and  ftored 
with  Fountains  and  Monafteries,  poffeffed  by  the  Greek  Coloieres  of  the 
Order  of  St.  Bafl. 

Its  Commodities  are  Oil,  and  Grains  of  feveral  forts.  Wine,  that 
lafteth  for  eight  years.  Raifins  of  the  Sun,  Citrons,  Oranges,  Pom- 
granates.  Almonds,  Figs,  Saffron,  Coriander,  Sugar,  Turpentine, 
Rhubarb,  Colloquintida,  Scammony,  &c.  Cotton,  Wools,  Charac- 
lets,  Salt,  Sope,  Afhes. 

There  are  Mines  of  Brafs,  fome  Gold  and  Silver,  Green  Soder,  Vi- 
triol ,  Alom ,  Orpiment,  White  and  Red  Lead,  and  Iron,  divers 
kind  of  precious  Stones,  viz>,  the  Emerald  and  Turky^ 

Thus  having  defcribed  the  chief  places  of  the  Ottoman  Empire,I  /hall 
alfo  givea  fiiort  account  of  their  Government,  Policy,  Religion,  &c. 

In  order  whereunto,  we  need  not  fo  much  regard  their  firft  com- 
ing out  of  Scythia,  Anno  ^yj,  nor  when  they  feized  on  Armenia  Major, 
giving  it  the  t^ame  of  Turcomania,  Anno  844.  nor  when  Trangrolipix 
overthrew  the  Perjian  Sultan,  1030.  nor  yet  when  Cutlu  Mofes  revolt- 
ed from  him,  and  niadea  diftindl  Kingdom  in  Arabia :  But  whenO/- 
toman,  by  ftrange  Fortunes,  and  from  fmall  beginnings,  fwallowed 
up  the  other  Families  into  the  Ogu/tanTribe,  and  united  them  i-ito 
one  Head,  Anno  1300.  from  thence  muft  we  deduce  the  firft  Founda- 
tion of  the  Ottoman  Empire:  They  had  then  no  Government  but  what 
was  Martial  and  Arbitrary  in  the  higheft  degree;  wherefore  it  is  not 
ftrange,  if  their  Laws  are  Severe,  their  Juftice  Ri^or,  their  Govern- 
ment Tyranny :  That  their  Emperor  (hould  be  ablolute,  uncontroula- 
blcj  whofe  Speeches  may  be  irrational,  and  yet  Laws  J  whofe  Ai^ions 
'■''^  .    r..-  '  irregular. 


j»;.'.'T(»tk,- 


-  u 


.m 


*-"€itj. 


Of  Tmhy  in  Jfid. 


^79 


irregu!ar,  and  yet  examples j  whofs  Sentences  and  jQcfgrnents,  tho 
corrupt  and  inconfidsrate,  yet  are  irrefifrible.  Decrees. 

So  that  when  one  refleds  on  the  fmall  reward  for  Vertue,  and  no 
punifhment  for  thriving  Vice  j  how  men  are  raifed  by  Flattery , Chance, 
and  the  fole  Favour  of  the  Prince,  to  the  weightieft  and  moft  ho- 
nourable Charges  of  the  Empire,  without  any  previous  deferts,  or  ex- 
perience of  Parts  or  Abilities  :  When  one  confiders,  that  one  Frown 
of  their  Prince  cuts  them  ofT,  that  th^ir  Treaf^re  is  their  Snare,  and 
their  Riches  will  inevitably  effedl  their  Ruine,  though  they  have  all 
the  Arguments  of  Faithfulnefs  and  Honefty  ;  one  might  admire  the 
long  continuance  of  this  vaft  Empire,  and  wonder  at  the  encceafe  of 
its  Dominions. 

But  that  which  cements  all  Breeches,  and  cures  the  greateft  Difor-  ** 
derSjv  is  the  quicknefs  and  feverity  cf  their  Juftice,  which  makes  evert  v 
Crime  relating  to  Government,  equal,  and  puniflies  ic  with  the  latt 
and  extreamelr  punifhment,  Death.    And  to  die  by  the  Hand,  or 
Command  of  the  Grand  Simory  with  an  entire  Refignation,  is  ac- 
counted thehigheft  point  ofMartrydom,  the  greateft  reward  of  Faith- 
fulnefi,  and  the  confummation  of  all  Honour.    Otherwife  this  great 
Body  wouldburft  with  the  Poyfon  of  its  own  ill  Humors,  and fpiead   '■■ 
into  ruinous  DiviHbns. 

The  Youth,  that  are  defigned  for  the  great  Offices  of  the  Empire, 
arecalled  by  the  Turks  Jcboglansy  whichare of  Chriftian Parents,  taken   ^ 
in.  the  War,  or  pcefented  &om  remote  Parts,  fo  that  they  have  no  o-  - 
ther  Relations  nor  Dependencies ;  no  other  Intereft  ta  ferve,  belides 
that  of  their  Great  Mafter,  to  whom  they  are  taught  by  Education, 
and  compeird  by  neceflity,  to  be  faithful :  And  indeed  they  are  the 
beft  adapted  Inftruments  for  fuch  a  Tyrannic  Prince,  whom  he  can   . 
raife  without  envy,  and  deftroy  without  danger. 

Their  chiefeft  ftudies  and  learning  is  in  Reading  and  Writing,  being    - 
inftruded  in  the  Arabian  Tongue,  wherein  the  Secrets  and  Treafure  of 
their  Religion  and  Laws  are  contained,  efpecially  the  Alcoran.    The    . 
more  Polite  and  Ingenious  learn  the  Fer/?<w»  Tongue,  which  fits  them 
with  Eloquence,  corr'^iSs  the  grofsnefs,  and  enriches  the  barrenness  of  r 
the  Turktfj  Language. 

They  have  fome  Ejcks  of  Poetry,  written  both  in  Terfian^nA  Ara- 
hick;  but  as  for  Logick,  Phyfick,,  Metaphyfick,  and  Mathematicks,  , 
they  are  wholly  ignorant  of  them :  Some  certain  Rules  of  Aftrology 
theyha>Fe,  with  wliich  they  bufie  themfelves  in  Prophefies  of  ktiire 
Contingencies  in  the  Affairs  of  the  Empire:  As  for  Geography,  the 
wifeft  and  greateft  amongft  them  have  not  the  lead  inrpedioa  into  ic, 

C  c  c  z    .  nor    .- 


'  * ,. 


VHP 


'v-A- 


■^'V»>*''''' 


^, 


380-  of  i^urky  h  Afid.  *  ' 

nor  durft  their  Seamen  heretofore  venture  beyond  fight  of  Land,  ha- 
ving little  knowledge  of  the  Art  of  Navigation,  until  fome  improve- 
ment, which  of  late  they  have  made  therein :  As  for  Hiftory  or  Chro- 
nology, they  underftand  fo  little,  that  the  moft  Learne-fl  affirm  Job  to 
be  a  Judge  in  Solomons  Court,  and  that  Alexander  the  Great  was  Gene- 
ral of  his  Armies. 

The  Vifter  Az.em,  or  Prime  Vijier,  whofe  great  Office  of  Charge  and 
Truft,  as  it  is  the  higheft,  fo  it  is  the  neareft  to  Jove's  Thunderbolt, 
and  moft  expofed  to  Envy  and  Deftrudion.    It  being-the  Policy  of  the 
great  Princes  of  the  Eaft  to  conftitute  one  on  whom  all  the  blame  of 
mifcarriages  in  Government  might  be  thrown,  whilft^hey  with  the 
more  freedom  enjoy  theirSoftnels  and  Luxury.    This  great  Minifter, 
'*.  as  he  is  the  Reprefentative  of  the  Grand  Signior,  becaufe  to  him  all  the 
power  of  the  Sultan  is  immediately  devolved  5  fo  he  is  the  Head  or 
Mouth  of  the  Law  ;  and  to  him  are  all  Appeals  made,  and  his  State 
and  Greatnefs  lives  in  the  Honour  of  him  whom  hereprefentsjand  his 
Power,  in  refpeft  of  his  Inferiors,  is  as  ample  as  his  Matter's  who 
gives  it  him.  Next  to  this  Viper  Azem,  are  the  feveral  Beglerhegs,  which 
are  fo  many  general  Governments,  upon  which  depend  feveral  Sangi- 
acks  or  Provinces;  there  being  in  Turkic  about  50  Beglerbegs,  whereof 
22  are  //«'/,  that  is,  fuch  as  have  their  Revenue  allotted  them  in  the 
places  that  they  govern,  colle«aed  by  their  own  Officers  according  to 
Commiffion  :  Of  which  the  firft  is  Kiotai,  or  Cboutaja  of  Anatolia,  t  he 
yearly  Revenue  of  which  is  a  Million  of  Ajfers,  ana  hath  under  its  Ju- 
rifdi(%ion  14  Sangiacks,  and  the  Command  of  22  Caftles.    The  2d  is 
at  Cogni,  or  Iconium  in  Caramania,  whofe  Revenue  is  660074  Afpersy 
and  contains  7  Savgiacks,  and  lo  Caftles.    The  3d  Diarbeker,  or  San-- 
giar,  whofe  Revenue  is  a  Million  200660  Afpers,  and  hath  19  San- 
giacksy  of  which  a  1 1  are  properly  belonging  to  the  0//ow««  Royalties, 
and  arc  Curaian  Countries,  called  Hukenmet,  or  SalineyV/hkh  haveno 
Lords  or  Timariots  to  command  them,  but  are  abfolute  Mafters  of  their 
own  Eftates.    The.4th  is  Sehantf  or  Damas,  whofe  Revenuels  a  Milli- 
on of  Afpers y  and  hath  7  Sangiacks,  and  5*  Sangiacks  Saline,     The  yth 
is  Sivfas  in  Armenia^  which  hath  900000  Afpers  Revenue,  and  6  San- 
giacks, and  19  Caftles.     The  6th  is  that  of  Erzerum,  on  the  Confines 
of  Georgia,  which  hath  a  Revenue  of  a  Million  200660  Afpers,  and 
contains  ii  Sangiacks, &n6  12  Caftles.    The  7th  is  the  Government 
of  IVan  or  Van  in  Media ,  of  a  Million  132209  Afpers  ,   and  hath 
14  Sangiacks.     The  8th  is  Tehilder,   on  the   Confines  of  Georgia,  with 
a  Revenue  of  925:000  Afpers,  and  9  Sangiacks.    The  9th  is  the  Go- 
vernment of  Sdeberezurm  Affyria,  which  hath  a  Million  of  Afpers,  and 
^':   -       ''  ■       '    •  ■        .       20  San- 


/  t 


Of  Turky  in  Aftn.  }8i 

20  Sangiacks.    The  loth  is  Halep ,  or  yileppty  which  hath  877772 
Afperj,  and  commands  7  Sangiacksy  and  two  in  which  are  no  Timariots. 
The  I  ith  is  Marafcb,  near  the  River  Euphrates,  being  a  Revenue  of 
6284^0  AfperSf  itid  commitids  ^  Safigiacks.    The  1 2th  is  the  Go< 
vernment  of  Cyprus,  or  Kibros,  allowed  a  Revenue  of  5*006  fo  Afpers^ 
and  commands  7  Sangiacks ,  4  with  Has,  and  ;  with  Saline  ,  and 
14  Caftles.    The  13  th  is  Tripoly  of  Syria,  or  Tarabolas  Scham,  hath  a 
Revenue  of  800000  Afpers,  and  4  Sangiacks.     The  14th  is  Trahiz.ond, 
formerly  the  Imperial  Sat  of  the  Comneni,  Tea  ted  on  the  £<yx;»f  Sea; 
This  hath  no  Sangiacks ,  but  the  Revenue  is  j^^S^o  Jfpers,  with 
14  Caftles.    The  lyth  is  that  of  Kari,  hath  a  Revenue  of  82o65'o 
^pers,  and  commands  6  Sangiacks.    The  i6th  is  that  of  Moful ,-  or 
Nineveh,  in  Anuria,  a  Revenue  of  68 10  y 6   jifpers,  and  commands 
5  Sangiacks.    The  17th  is  of  Ri;fe<»,  hath  a  Revenue  of  680000  Afpers, 
and  7  Sangiacks :  Thefeare  the  Beglerhegs  in  ^y7<».    Of  th6feinJ£«ro;>f, 
the  iSth^i'is^.  that  of  Romuliis  the  moft  honourable  ;  the  Seat  of  the 
Pafca,  or  £<7/]E>4  ,  is  at  Sophia ,    it  hath  a  Million  and  loocoo  Afpers 
yearly  Revenue ,  commands  24  Sangiacks,  whereof  Adorea  was  one, 
tho  now  made  part  of  the  Revenue  ofthe  Queen- Mother.    The  19  th  , 
is  the  charge  of  the  Kupu^an,  or  General  of  the  ffbite  Seas,  whofe  Re- 
venue is  88  f  000  Afpers;  he  is  Admiral  of  the  7«r/fe//fc  Fleet,  ard  com- 
mands i;  Sangiacks,  whofe  ReHdence  is  ac  Galipoli.    The  20(h  is  that 
of  Buda  i:;  Hungary,  it  commands  21  Sangiacks.    The  21ft  is  that  of 
Temepwaer,  and  hath  7  Sangiacks.    The  22d  is  that  of  J5fl/»<7,  now 
c^iWedi  Sclavonia,  which  commands  8 5«>srj^fVc/^/.    Thofethat  are  with 
Salary,  or  paid  out  of  the  Grand  Sigpior's  Treafury,  are  firft,  that  of 
Grand  Cairo,  or  Mijir,  who  hath  a  Revenue  of  600000  Scheriffs,  or  Ze- 
f i&i»x,  a  year,  and  commands  16  Sangiacks,  befidesas  much  is  the  Tri- 
bute paid  the  Grand Signior,  and  another  Sum  of  600000  Zecbir.s  year- 
ly goes  to  the  Payment  of  the  Turks.    The  id  is  the  Government  of 
Bagdet,  or  Babylon,  which  hath  a  Revenue  of  a  Million  and  7000C0 
A^ers,  and  commands  22  Sahgiacks.    The  3d  is  that  of  Timen  in  Ara^ 
bia Felix,  whofe  place  of  Refidence  is  Aden,  upon  the  Red  Sea,v/h.\(:\i 
is  now  under  the  power  of  the  Arabians.    As  is  alio  the  Governn.ent 
of  Habelcb,  upon  the  Confines  of  the  Abajfmes,  now  wholiy  loft  to  the 
Turks.    And  the  Government  of  ^o/rrf,  or  B<///«y<»,  a  Maritime  City  in 
the  Sinus  Verficm,  where  were  reckoned  26  Sangiacks,  but  now  the 
Turks  have  no  power  there.    Laftly,  the  Government  of  Labfe ,  on 
the  Confines  of  Ormus,  where  p'^^  ^'  giacks,  but  poor  and  inconfi- 
derbale.  .  :  ^     .     ■£'' 


To 


.  -^  -<■ 


To  thefe,  we  fliould  a44  t|\«  Governroents  of  Algien,  Twwy  and 
TtipoUin  Batbary,  but  thefe  a^e  oow  much  fallen  off  from  the  Turk's 
obedknce,  and  almoft  indepcpdent^and  fubfifting  of  them&Wes. 
;  Befides  the  Dominion  of  the  Grand  Signior  already  mentioaedy  he 
pofleffes  5«<i^«€w  upon  the  RfdSea ;  Dolfar  and  Ekaltfy  Afafhy  of  A^ae, 
at  the  Mouth  of  Don  ;Temr<fck,  near  the  Faltu  Meotis ;  Caga,  aadothei: 
^hces  in  Le£er  Tar tary;  BtjJarahiayOcz.iacoiUy  and  I>tt//4»,  towacdsthc 
Mouth  of  the  Niepery  and  the  Kingdomiof  Zihit  an  d  Zidaty  m  Arabia 
th*  Happy.    All  which  ioa^  be  feeain  the  Jbllowipg  Map. 


5^. 


So  ^  in  Itfs  than  300  Yeari,  the7t»nls  have  made  Coni^iiefts  in 
Euroft^Afiat  and  Afrita^  as  confiderable  asthofeof  the  Romans^  who 
5>ent  8yo  e're  they  acconiplifti'd  theirs. 

The  delightful  Fields  of  Afia,  the  pleafant  Plains  of  Greece^  the 
Plenty  of  Egypt,  the  Fruitfulncfs  of  the  N//^,  the  Luxury  of  Corinth^ 
the  Subftanceof  PekpoHttefm,  Letmos,  Scio,  with  other  Iflesof  the  Ege- 
an  Sea,  the  Spices  of  Arahia^  the  Riches  of  great  part  of  Vtrfia  and 
Georgia,  all  Armenia  and  Ajjyria,  the  Provinces  of  y^//<«  Minor,  the  Coun- 
tries of  5yrw,  VaUftine  and  Pbanicia ,  the  Principalities  of  Moldavia,, 
Valackia,  Romania,  Bulgaria,  Servia,  and  the  heft  part  of  Hungarid, 
concur  altogether  to  fatisfy  the  Appetite  of  this  Turkipt  Sultan  j  In  all  the 
Extent  of  this  vaft  Territory,  the  Lands  and  Houfe's,  as  wfeU  ^s  the  Ca- 
ftles  and  Arms,  being  all  his,  and  at  his  fole  Difpofa)  and  Gift ;  only 
CO  l^ands  dedicated  to  Religious  Ufes  hedifclaims  all  Right.,  and  will 
not  (  to  thcvfliame  of  our  Sectaries)  violate  the  Penetralta  of  the  San* 
<auary. 

Theabfolute  and  unlimited  Power  of  this  Prince  is  evident  by  his 
Titles,  2S,God  on  Earthy  The  Shadow  of  God,  Brother  to  the  Son  and  Moon, 
The  Giver  of  all  Earthly  Crowns,  &c.  And  'tis  an  ordinary  faying,  That 
the  Grand  Signior  is  above  the  Law,  that  the  written  Law  is  Contrpu- 
Uble,that  his  Mouth  is  the  Law  it  felf,  and  thepowet  of  an  infallible 
Interpretation  is  in  him. 

It  is  vulgarly  known  to  all,  that  their  Law  was  compiled  by  Mahc- 
met  with  the  help  of  Sergius  the  Monk,  whofe  infamous  Life  is  parti- 
cularly recorded  by  many  Authors,and  coo  tedious  cobe  repeated  here: 
1  (hall  therefore  only  fay , That  though  there  is  a  great  diverfity  amongft 
Doctors  as  touching  the  Explanation  of  their  Law ;  yet  Chere  are  five 
Articles,  or  Fundamentals  thereof,  to  which  every  Turk  is  obliged. 
I.  Cleanefs  in  the  outward  parts  of  the  Body  and  Garments.  2.  To 
make  Prayers  five  times  a  day*  5.  To  obferve  their  Ramazan  ,  or 
monthly  Faft.  4.  To  perform  faithfully  the  Zekat,  or  giving  of  Alms, 
y.  To  make  their  Pilgrimage  to  Mecha,  if  they  have  means  and  pofli- 
bility  to  perfoiwi  it.  The  fole  Article  of  Faith  required  to  be  believed, 
is,  That  there  is  but  one  God,   and  Mahomet  his  Prophet. 

When  Mahnmetamfm  was  firft  weak,  and  therefore  put  on  a  modeft 
Countenance  andplaufibe  Afpe<5l  to  deceive  Mankind,  then  it  courted 
and  favoured  the  Chriftian  Religion,  drawing  its  Tenets  and  Do- 
ctrines in  fome  Conformity  to  that  Rule,  confeffing  Chrift  to  be  a 
Prophet,  and  greater  than  Mofes,  that  he  was  born  of  a  Virgin,  &c. 
But  as  foon  as  its  Government  encreafed,  and  that  by  Arms  and  bad 
Arts  the  Grand  Stgnior  had  fecurcd  his  Kingdom  j  his  promifes  of  To- 
leration 


■fs<. 


^■•1 


384  OfAtrky  in  ^p4. 

leration  and  Indulgence  were  changed  into  a  har/her  Note,  and  his 
£dids  were  then  for  Blood  <>.?d  Ruine ;  whac  knots  of  Argument  he 
could  not  untie,  he  cut,  and  mac^e  his  Spiritual  Power  as  Targe  as  his 
Temporal.    Yet  to'^/'irds  h'rroHowers,  he  rendred  his  Precepts  eafie 
and  pleafant,  acceptable  to  the  Fancy  and  Appetite,  as  well  as  to  the 
Capacity  of  the  Vulgar :  Reprefenting  Heaven  to  them,  not  in  a  fpiri- 
tual  manner,  or  Delights  unexpredible,  and  Ravifliments  known  on- 
,  ly  in  part  to  illuminate  Souls;  but  with  grofs  Conception  of  the  Beau- 
ty of  Women,  of  the  Duration  of  one  A<aof  Carnal  Copulation,  of 
the  beaftly  SatisfaAlon  of  a  gluttonous  Palate  f  and  that  Perfuafion 
and  principle  in  their  Catechtjm,   That  the  Souls  of  thofe  who  die  in 
the  fVars  'again^  Cbrifiiam,  are  therefore  ioMttsdiately  tranfporied  to 
Paradife,  muft  necelTarily  whet  the  Swords,  and  raife  the  Spirits  of 
the  Soldiers,  and  is  the  reafon  they  run  fo  eagerly  to  their  own  Slaugh- 
ter J  efteeming  their  Lives  and  Bodies  at  no  greater  Price  than  the  va- 
lue of  Stones  and  Rubbifli  to  fill  Rivers  and  Ditches. 

'  The  Mufti  is  the  principal  Head  of  the  Mahometan  Religion,  or  O- 
racle  of  all  doubtful  Quenions  in  their  Law,  and  is  of  great  efteem 
amongft  the  Turks.  When  he  paffeth  Determination  in  any  Cafe,  it  is 
brought  to  the  Cadie  or  Judge,  and  the  Grand  Signir  himfelf  will  in 
no  wife  contradi<5t  or  oppofe  it ;  fo  that  Law^Suits  of  the  greateft  mo- 
ment are  concluded  rnan  hour  without  Arreft  of  Judgment,  Appeals^ 
or  other  dilatory  Arts  of  Law. 

The  State  of  Marriage  is  accounted  both  Honourable  and  Holy  a  - 
mongftthe  Turks,  yet  thePriefts  or  Churchmen  hath  the  leaft  hand  in 
the  Solemnity,  but  it  is  performed  by  the  Cadie  or  Judge.  Tdygamie 
is  freely  indulged  to  them  by  their  Religion,  as  far  as  the  number  of 
four  Wives.    And  leaft  this  Confinement  fhould  feem  a  reftridlion  of 
their  Liberty,  and  free  ufe  of  Women,  every  one  may  befides  enjoy 
his  Women  Slaves,  which  is  not  much  envied  by  the  Wives,  folong  as 
.they  enjoy  theirdue Maintenance,  anda  reafonableftiare  in  theirHuf- 
bands  Bed :  For  if  negle(aed  above  a  Week,  (he  hath  Remedy  by  Law; 
and  if  fhe  befo  modeft  not  to  die  for  the  Default,  fiie  is  often  fo  inge- 
nious to  contrive  a  fupply  of  her  Wants,  being  accounted  the  moft  la- 
fcivious  of  Women,  and  excel  in  the  moft  refined  and  ingenious  Sub- 
lilties  to  fieal  their  Pleafure;  which  if  difcovercd  ,  the  Blood  of  her 
Family  is  reckoned  tainted  and  difgraced ;  but  the  Husband  getting  a 
Divorce,  quits  himfelf  of  his  Wife  and  Diftonours  together. 
-    Among  all  the  Piivileges  that  the  Sultan  enjoys  above  his  SubjeAs, 
this  one  he  has  Icfs  than  they,  that  he  cannot  marry,  yet  hath  as  many 
Women  as  fl-rves  his  ufe,  tho  never  fo  libMinous,  which  are  kept  in 
ikcSeragiio,  like  Horfes  in  Stables,  Circum- 


tmmmm 


'^^'^^mmmmmmmmmimm 


Of  Turky  in  Afii,  385^ 

Circumcijion  Is  not  reckoned  one  of  the  Five  Points  which  confti- 
tute  a  true  Mahometan  Believer,  but  is  only  propofed  as  a  tryal  and 
proof  of  iClan's  obedience  to  the  more  necelTary  parts  of  the  Law. 

They  never  Circunicife  tlicir  Children  untiithe  Age  of  7  years, 
and  upwards  ,•  and  then  they  do  it  by  a  Barber  or  Chyrurgion. 

The  Forces  of  the  Turks  are  very  numerous,  their  Armies  well  dit- 
ciplin'd,  and  the  Belief  of  Predefiinatim ,  befides  the  ufe  of  O^/V/w, 
makes  them  bold  to  undertake  any  Enterprife.  Their  Militia  is  ot  two 
forts,one  receives  Maintenance  from  certain  Lands  befto  wed  on  them 
by  the  Grand  Signior :  And  thefe  again  are  either  Zaifns  or  Ttmariots^ 
which  together  may  amount  to  about  1 00000  Men,  and  come  under 
the  general  Denomination  ofS^ahts,  axid  compofe  the  Turkijk  Horfe. 

The  other  fort,  which  receive  their  conftant  pay  in  ready  Mo- 
ney, out  of  the  Grand  Signior  s  Treafury,  are  tlie  janizaries, who  are 
now  increafed  to  the  Number  of  an  1 00000 ,  and  the  next  main 
Sinew  of  the  Ottoman  Power ;  being  confidered  in  the  Wars,  they 
are  the  beft  Difciplined  Soldiery  ofthe  Turkijh  Camp. 

Befides  thefe  in  Eppt^thtrc  are  20000 Horfe,  paid  at  the  Charge 
ofthe  Country,  ana  80000  Ttmariots  t  the  Crim  Tartars  are  alfo  to 
furni/h  him  with  an  looooo  Men,  ana  the  Prince  in  Perfon  to  lead 
them,  if  the  Grand  Siptior  come  into  the  Field  ;  otherwife  but  half 
the  Number.  And  the  Princes  of  Valachia,  Moldavia^  and  Tranjiha-- 
nia,  are  never  excufed  from  Perfonal  attendance  in  tlie  Camp  with 
6  or  70Q0  Men  apiece. 

But  thc^Ottoman  Armies  are  not  now  fo  renowned  for  their  Chi- 
valry and  Difcipline ,  as  in  former  times  ,•  that  ancient  Sublimity 
and  Majefty  o^  the  Sultan  is  much  abated,  their  Forces  by  Land  de- 
cayed, their  Maritime  Power  weakened,  nothing  remains  of  their 
Ancient  Government  and  Val©r ;  nor  doth  the  Ottoman  Court  re- 
munerate the  Services^  exaU  the  intereft  ofthe  Cavalry,  or  main- 
tain the  Reputation  ofthe  Janizaries  ;  but  grow  Rich  and  Luxuri- 
ous with  Peace  and  Plenty,  they, are  much  declined  from  their 
Greatnefs  and  Powep: :  for  in  this  vaft  and  large  Empire  Countries 
are  depopulated j  Villages  abandoned,  whole  provinces,  as  pleafant 
and  fruitful  as  Tempe  or  TkeJJalj  ,  uncultivated  and  turned  into  a 
Defert  or  Wildernefs. 


,  • .t 


•■•\7     .   I-  ■■'^ 


f  i    ' .  I 


ii.;./.:'i.«:'"';  •  . 


<3f 


I 


:^^'i.*-' 


mmm 


mm 


j8tf 


:V-.'"- 


Of  ARABIA. 


■A 


,  .j,.\. 


1'.; 


lANe-wMapot 

lARAJBIA 


* 

m*  the  Name  from  W* .  which  figoifie,  a  i),/^  .-^oKoS 


"P"'™"'  mi^m^tm^m^m 


"'mm 


mm 


Of  Arahia, 


%h 


SarakejWhich  fignifics  Robkry.  They  that  deduce  the  Etymology  from 
Saraby  affirm^That  the  Saraz,ens,  being  at  firft  called  Agarens,  chofo 
rather  to  bear  the  Miftreffes  than  the  Servants  Name,  and  fo  changed 
their  AffeUatien. 

The  Arabians  that  live  in  Cities,  go  by  the  Name  o^ Moors.  They 
that  live  in  the  Deferts  are  divided  into  Tribes,  and  every  Tribe  into 
Families, which  have  every  one  a  particular  CheikyWho  acknowledges 
thcfupremeCAw^.  Thefe  Vagabond -<4r<j^i<MM  boaft  thcmfelve^to  be 
the  moft  Nobj€  People  in  the  World  ^  for  wliichreafon  they  never 
ally  themfelvci  with  any  other  Nation  but  their  own.  They  could 
never  be  fubdufed  either  by  the  t/£gypttansj  Perjigns,  Greeks,  Romans, 
or  Turks :  Button  the  contrary,  they  have  i'etled  themfelves  in  feve- 
ral  Parts  of  ^J?/V<»,where  they  have  a  large  Dominion.  They  wan- 
der up  and  down  in  that  iaHiion  ,  the  better  to  find  out  Patturage 
for  their  Cattel,  and  to  free  themfelves  from  die  oppreffion  of  the 
Turks.  The  Bajha's  of  the  Grand  Siinior,  who  are  their  Neighbours, 
and  the  Caravans,  are  forced  to  give  Money  to  the  Cheiksy  to  pre- 
ferve  themfelves  from  being  molefted  or  delpoiled  by  them  in  their 
Journies.  Under  U//V,  one  o£  the  Caliphs,  or  Arabian  Princes,  their 
Empire  extended  from  Meffa,  upon  the  Atlantick  Sea,  to  the  River 
Indus  I  {o  that  in  length  it  exceeded  the  JRo«;<»», Empire. 

The  Arabick  Language  is  fo  enchanting,  that  'tis  a  common  Hy-' 
perbole.  That  the  Saints  in  Heaven,  and  thofe  in  Varadife,  fpeak  it :  And 
as  in  it  the  Holy  Decalogue  was  given,  fo ,  as  an  Allay,  therein  was 
hatched  the  Pelujive  Alcoran,  and  therefore  is  generally  received  in 
AJta. 

Thefe  AnMans, hecAuie  of  their  continual  lying  in  the  open  Fields, 
were  once  sn  counted  the  hQ{{  Afirologers  and  Phyfidans  in  the  World, 
as  Rbajis  and  .Mefue ,  Avicen  and -^o/^rroM  Philofophers  ,•  Algazaks, 
Hali,  Albumawr  Aftrologers  ^  great  Geographers  Leo  and  Abulfeda. 

The  Bedtiins  aftd  Bengebres,  who  are  the  moft  known  People,  are 
fo  inclined  to  Robbery ,  that  their  principal  Maintenance  confifts 
in  plundering  ol  Paffengers,  claiming  a  Priviledge  to  demand  jjfe- 
maeh  Right  from  the  Sons  of  Ifaac.  They  are  very  dextrous  on 
Horfeback,  in  maiuging  their  Bows  and  Half-Pikes,  lb  that  Thirty  . 
Turkish  Mufqueteers  will  hardly  attack  Ten  of  thefe  Arabians  arm-  . 
ed  after  theii*  manner.  .: 

•    Their  Wealth  confifts  in  Herds  of  Cattel  and  Horfes,which  wil^?' 
travel  great  Journies  ,•  of  which  they  make  fo  great  reckoning,  thhi' 
they  keep  a  Regiftw  ©f  their  Breed^  which  is  approved  by  certain 
Judges. 

Dddi  _    J  ■   They 


/•^i 


■V";-.>  .- 


^■pppw^w^^ 


-t;-^- 


V. 


388  Of  Arahia,  .    .       ;  ■  r , 

Tliey  fit  at  Meals  upon  their  Hceb  ,•  and  the  oldeft  among  them* 
wears  the  richeft  Habit,  and  the  moft  gay  Colours.  Their  prede- 
ceffors  forbad  Building,  and  Tilling  their  Lands  ^  alledging,  that 
were  but  to  invite  Enemies  to  invade ,  and  make  them  a  Prey  to 
enjoy  it. 

The  Succeffion  of  the  Kingdom  belongs  to  that  Noble  Pcrfoit 
who  was  firft  born  after  the  King  was  proclaimed.  And,  indeed,  to 
compare  the  Manners  and  maxims  of  the  Jfiatkks  and  Etirofeam  to--' 
gether,  we  may  fay.  That  thQ  Art^Umi  arc  lik&  the  Jir<f /m»/  ,  the 
Verjtans  like  the  Frenchy  and  the  Turks  like  the  Spaniards,- 

Arabia^  in  general,  was  ftiit  catted"  .E^/&w/»/4,  is  fubjedl  to  fuch  ex- 
ceffive  Heats,  that  People  are  cohftrained  generally  to  Travel  by 
Night.  There  are  abundance  of  Mountains,  but  few  Rivers.  It  Js 
divided  into  three  parts.  The  Stovfy^th^Dcfert,  x^QHaffy.  The  two 
firft  belong,  almoft,  to  the  Turk  ;  the  Happy  Arabia  acknowledges 
feveral  petty  Princes. 

The  Stony  Arabia  Barraab,  Nahathaa  Vtol,  Rarra  Cafiald.  Bingau- 
tal  Zeigkr.  RathaUAJba^h  incolis,  was  anciently  poffeffed  by  the  Mi- 
dianiteiy  Moabites,  Amafekitesy  and  the  Uumaausy  or  Edcmites,  The. 
Lands  of  the  Ammonites  or  AmorittSy  and  of  Og  King  of  BaJhui/^v/GtG 
parts  o^  Arabia  Petrea ;  though  it  be  alfo  true,  that  fomd  part  of  yf- 
rabia  Deferta  belonged' to  the  ^rniaelites  and  Amalekites  ,•  The  Inha- 
bitants thereof  at  this  time  pay  a  Tribute  to  the  Bajjha  o( Cairo.''  Pf- 
tra  gave  it  its  Name,  which  fignihes  a  Rocky  whereon  it  was^  built, 
was  a  place  of  great  ftrength ,  and  much  noted  as  wettin  Holy- 
Writ,  as  in  prophane  Hiftory.  Bcfieged  in  v^in  by  Severusy  and  be- 
fore him  by  Trajan,  who  was  compelled  to  throw  ^away  his  Im{)e- 
rial  Habit,  and  flie  for  his  Life. 

Yet  AmazJahy  King  of  Judah ,  after  he  had  flanghtered  loooo 
of  the  Kdomiiesy  took  it  by  War  ,  and  called  it  Joktheel  y  2  Kings' 
14.  7.        I  •  -ii.A'.  ryArmh  j;:'./  ,;.v?^v  ;c;  h.li.  ■■■•'  ' .  ? 

The  Soldans  of  Egypt ,  for  the  exceeding  ftrength  thereof,-  kept 
therein  all  their  Trealiires^  Of  this  place,  fee  more  in  the  Defcrip- 
tion  of  C<3!»<i</»,  and  the  bordering  Countries. 

Bofiraj  now  BuJJeretby  is  a  place  of  good  Efteem  ,  I  fuppofe  the, 
iame  with  Petra.         >  .1.  ['   ■ .         > 

Tory  Or  El  Tor,  Upon  the  Red  Sea y  is  a  pittiful  Haven,  defended  by 

a  Four-fquare  Caftle  ^  near  to  it  are  found  Champignons, petrifedvbite 

'  Coral y  Seal-skins ySmall  Oyfiersy  and  fometimes  Sea-Monfiers  Hke  men. 

They  report  that  this  was  the  Haven  Ez,ion  Geber,  (rom  which  Solomon 

fent  hisShips  for  0^/6/>.Mount  Hmb  and  Sinai  are  famous  in  Scripture, 

Arabia 


i?f 


ih. 


^M 


mm 


mmm 


PP 


Of  ArahU, 


389 


'  "i  'Atahla  the  Defer t,  or  Seriara  ,  is  a  pUkce  almoft  quite deiiitiite  of 
Water  ,*  or  if  there  b«  any  Welis ,  the  Watet-  is  for  little  fervice. 
Jna  upon- the  Euphrates  ( the  place  where  the  Gr^w^  Seigniors  Tri- 
bute is  paid  '3  as  the  Lord  of  the  Country)  is  the  beft  place  in  it. 
There  is  one  King  in  jirahia  that  has  a  moving  and  portative  City, 
that  is  to  fay,  it  confifts  in  Tents,  which  he  can  command  them  to 
carry  where  he  pleafes.  Sumifcafae  is  thought  to  be  the  aiKicrit  Sa- 
bay  whence  the  Magi  fet  forth  to  adore  Chrift,  and  the  Qucitn  t© 
y{(\Z  Solomon, .  .  '.)  -  .  ; 

But  Sir  Thomas  Herbert  tells  us^  That,  after  the  Flood,  NimrodSo-^ 
vereignizing  at  Babylon  ,  his  Brother  Havilah  feated  his  Colony  in 
Sufianaj  Seba,  Raamah ,  tand  Sahbata^  in  Arabia.  Seha  or  Sheba  ^ed 
on  the  Weftern  Coaft  adjacent  to  the  Red  Sea  ,  where  he  built  a 
City  after  his  own  Name,  fropi  whence  the  Queen  caroe  that  vifn 
ted  5o/owo»,  as  he  fuppofdth.j  '  u 

ThuxSab^ta  planted  the  South-part  oi  Arabia  ,•  and  Raamah ,  or. 
Rhegma,  on  the  North-eaft  part  towards  Balfera ,  where  they  built 
Cities  after  their  Names,  mention'd  Ezek,  27. 

In  thefo^parts  was  the  Wildertiels  where  the  Children  of  Ifracl 
wandered  40  years.  Here  Mofes  eftabliflied  Ecclefiaftical  and  Po- 
litical Laws.  Here  was  the  burning  Bufh ,  the  Water-bearing 
Rock ,  the  Mountains  of  5/««  and  Horeb ,  and  Mount  Hor  where. 
Aaron  died: 

The  HappfArabia^  Hyaman  or  AimaryGemen  or  GiamenTurcis^Mar- 
motta,  Sarraceni* ;  Sabaa,  Plin.  carries  that  Narpe,  as  being  a  more: 
fruitful  Soil  than  either  of  the  two.  It  breeds  excellent  Horfis^Man^ 
na,  Cinnamon,  Myrrhe,  Balfam ,  Benjamin  ,  Incenfe  ,  and  other  Per-* 
fumes,*  fo  tha.t  ii  Aromatick  Gmns  ^  Succulent  Fruits ,  Fragf 
Flowers  J  and  fuch  fort  of  Delicacies  pleafe  thy  fenfe,  fay,  Arabia  is. 
the  Phanix  of  the  Eafi,  and  with  Danaus,  The  Efttome  of  Delizht,  and. 
with  St.  Aufiin,  Paradife.  The  Air  is  temperate  and  healthful.  Tlie. 
Country  enriched  with  pleafant.  Streams  and  Fountains ,  whofe: 
Waters  are  Medicinal. 

Aden  is  a  Town  gf  great  Trade,  ftanding  in  «  little  Peninfula,  at: 
the  foot  of  a  Mountain  guarded  with  two  Caftles  towards  the  Norths 
and  a  fmall  Fortrefs  at  the  Entry  into  the  Haven.  The  Portuguefes^ , 
when  they  firft  fettled  themfelves  in  the  J»«^iw,,had  a  defign  to  niaka 
themfclves  Mafters  of  this  City;,  as  alfo  o£Ormus  and  Malacoa,  But 
the  Turk  prevented  them  from  taking  Aden,  the  King  whereof  they . 
hung  at  the  Yards-Armof  the  Admiral's  Gaily.  Since  which,  fomet; 
*  other  Revolutions  have  happen'd,  fo  that  the  Natives  of  the  Coun- 
try have  again  difpoifeffed  the  Turks,  Mwtd  and  Medim  are  famous 

for. 


,^-' 


V 


•l, 


390  Of  AiniiA^  •     ^ 

for  the  Pilgrimages  of  the  Mahomttam :  For  which  they  that  make 
them,  are  in  high  efteem  among  the  reft.  They  go  j^articularly  to 
Mecca,  to  pay  their  Devotions  to  a  Fourrfquare  Houle,  which  they 
call  Tie  Houfi  afhod,  and  pretend  the  fame  to  have  been  built  by 
Abraham.  This  City,  containing  about  6000  Houfcs,  ftands  about 
a  days  Journey  from  the  Red  Sea,  being  the  place  where  Mahomet 
wasDorn,  whofc  Body  was  afterwards  tranflated  to  A/tf^/iw*,  upon 
the  ^{{cox^i^y  oi  Albuquerque  the  Fonuiuefes  defign  to  have  furpri- 
zed  the  Port  of  Ziden,  otherwife  Giddcy  widi  an  intention  to  have 
carried  away  that  Muhometan  Relique.  The  Country  about  Mecca 
produceth  abundance  of  that  fortofBerry,of  which  Cojfeeis  made. 
Kufa,  or  Kalufa  the  Holy  City,  callecl  Rafiack  when  walled  by 
Otnify  the  Burial  place  oiMmis-Ali ,  Saint,  Kin^  and  Prophet  of 
the  Verfiant,  ;  >  > 

Medina  is  three  days  Journy  from  the  Red  Sea  the  burying  place 
oi  Mahomet y  as  the  Turks  pretend.  The  Sepulchre  or  Tomb  where- 
in Mahomet  lieth,is  encloled  within  an  iron  Grate  and  covered  with 
Green  Velvet,  which  is  every  year  made  new,  and  fent  by  the  GrW 
Seignior,  t\iQ  old  one  being  by  the  Prieftscut  in  little  pie;pes,and  fold 
at  great  Rates,  as  Reliques,  to  the  Pilgrims.  In  the.  Temple  where 
this  Tomb  is  placed,  there  are  faid  to  be  2000  Laiftps  of  Gold  and 
Silver,wherein  is  Ballam,and  other  Rich  Oaours,Ointments  and  Oils 
continually  kept  burning.  They  would  impofe  it  for  a  Mirac!e,that 
his  Tomb  fhould  hang  in  the  Air  by  means  of  the  Loadttone:  But 
befides  that  there  is  no  fuch  thing,were  it  true,  there  were  no  won- 
der in  it;  For  Democr'ates the  Athenian ^y  the  Order ofPtolome^  King 
of  Egypt ,  undertook  to  make  the  Statue  ofArJinoe  all  of  Iron,  and 
to  hang  it  up  in  the  fame  manner.  And  in  the  Temple  of  Serapis 
in  Alexandria,  there  was  an  Iron  Sun  that  hung  in  the  Air  by  the 
force  of  a  toadftone,  being  a  rare  piece  of  Workmanfliip. 

The  Prince  of  Mecca  ^  called  Sultan  Sheriff,  is  one  of  the  moft  po- 
tent Princes  in  all  Arabia  :  His  refidence  is  ufually  at  Ahnacharana^ 
feated  on  the  top  of  an  high  Mountain  of  difficult  accefs. 

Sanaa  is  one  ^t  the  greateft,  faireP-,  and  ftrongeft  Towns  of  Ara' 
bia,  adorned  with  Vineyards,  Meadows  and  Gardens. 

Dafar  is  one  of  the  chief  Ports  upon  the  Red  Sea,  next  to  2ibit, 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Red  Sea,  which  is  Fair,  Rich,  and  of  great 
Trade  for  Drugs,  Spicer,  Verfimes,  &c.Oncethe  Refidence  of  a  Turkiflj 
JBeglerbeg;  before  that,th£  Seat  of  a  King,  beheaded  by  the  Turks,  slz 
the  fame  time  when  the  King  of  A  Jen  was  hanged  at  the  Yards- Arm 
of  the  Admiral's  Ship.    The  Parts  ofDolfar  and  Pefcher  ire  moft 

renowned 


.>  -  .' 


•^'^,. 


W/rf. 


39t 


renowned  on  the  South-CoaftforFrankincenfe.  ThcCrinJ  Signiffr. 
the  Verjian  Sophi,  and  other  Mshometan  Monarchs ,  oft-times  fend 
himPrefenesjandthe  firft  allows  him  alfo  feme  part  of  the  Revenue 
of  Egypt  becaufe  he  is  of  the  Race  of  Mabormty  and  to  oblige  him 
to  be  kind  to  the  Pilgrim  Turks, 

Fartach,  a  Kingdom  and  City  near  the  Sea^  CaMem,  Guheihamah 
Alibinaliy  AmahzAridiny  Masfatey  Mafcalaty  and  yemen,  are  fo  many 
Siiltanies  or  petty  Kingdoms  in  the  Happy  Arabia :  MitfcatCy  or  Maf^ 
c/ttfyifytiot  f&r  from  Raz^lgate,  Coradanmnftol.Macm  Amiamy  thought 
CO  be  Rhngumay  Rhegma  of  Pt§l.  the  Raamah  of  Kx>ek.  27.  22.  for- 
merly belonging  to  the  Portuguefe yha^y  for  a  long  time,,  all  the  Tt-ade 
of  the  Indies  to  Meccay  through  the  conveniencyof  the  Cities  ii/f<»r//; 
or  the'ancient  Gtrra,  which  communicates  its  name  to  the  Verfinn 
Gulph,  and  Lah[a^  or  Lax»avch,  Sobsr  m  the  Eaftern  part  had  alfb 
formerly  the  Trade,  but  fince  the  fame  hath  been  tranflated  to  Or- 
fnus  and  Gomhron,  Mocha  upon  the  ked  Sea  is  an  open  City,  indif- 
ferently well  built ,  and  fortified  with  a  fmall  Caftle.  In  it  there 
live  Jfwsy  "Perjiansy  Armenians y  hdiansy  and  Banians  :  So  that  it  is  a 
Town  of  great  Commerce  ,•  and  there  it  is,  that  all  the  Pilgrims 
land  that  come  from  the  halts  to  Mecca.  It  hath  alfo  much  increa- 
fed  in  Riches  ana  iv  mte,  in  regard  that  the  Veffels  that  come  from 
Sues  to,  Aden,  rather  chule  to  unlade  there,  to  avoid  the  dangerous 
paiT^ges  of  Babel'Mandel,  Diedori  hfula,  Arriam.  tefie  Rhamtffio, 


1 


( / 


r,'t„:\..U  '^u/.-V-."  ••      \ 


',        ,  Ml-    IT    > 


'•'  '  .  } 


1 1 


■■:♦■■. 4., 


Of 


r 


;  ■%■- 


^.*5^.V..- 


^■■Pi 


^9^ 


.r.ia  ./•'■«  xo'  h:i .    Vjr,-.:!    ' 


'Hi      -^      -    *        i 


Persia 


THE  Jungdom  or  Empire  of  Pff/^,  is  at  prefent  one  of  the 
greateftand  moft  famous  o{  Afia  ^  yet  is  but  a  part  of  the 
ancient  Empire  of  the  Verfiam  ,•  for  the  -^^Jr/Vw  Monarchy  contained 

all 


"^M^PHMMMaanniHiiiSm^ 


rm 


%n 


'n- 


alt  that  whi::h  both  TmrkssiA  Vetfim^x  this  day  poiTers  in  that  part 
of  the  World :  And  beginning  under  I^kj^  lansa  1 3  or  1400  years, 
ending  in  that  Notorious  and  effeminate  Epicure,  SardMiafalut, 

After  which  it  was  divided  into  that  of  the  Mides  and  Bahioniatis, 
who  continued  it  lefs  than  300  Years.  Then  the  Perjims  made  them* 
felves  Matters  of  it  during  200  and  odd  Years,  under  CyrMs  Son  of 
Camhyfes,  Son  of  Cyrus,  Son  of  Dmus,  Son  of  Achamenes .  Son  of 
Ferfis jWhOy  laith  I/idore,  gave  Perfia  its  Name.  In  Nimrois  oays,  cal- 
led Chufa,  or  Cuth;  in  CbeJorlaomers,  and  to  Daniel's  time,  Ehm;  sS- 
terwards  Perfia,  from  Perfius,  Son  otPerfeus,  a  Grecian  Hero,  Son  to 
Jupiter,  by  Danae  the  Daughter  ofAcrifius,  Afterwards  called  Arfaca^ 
&om  Ar faces  the  Heroick  Parthian.  After  by  the  Inhabitants,  Arua^ 
By  the  Tartars,  Corfaca,  By  the  Arabians,  Saraednca*  By  the  Turhs^ 
Azamia  and  Axmia,     Farfi  &  Farfifian  Incolis. 

The  Macedonians  and  Greeks  fucceeded  ,*  for  having  Ruined  the 
Empire  of  the  Perfians,  they  gave  a  beginning  to  that  of  the  Maee^ 
donians :  But  Alexander  the  Great  held  this  Empire  but  few  Years,  and 
dying,  it  was  Cantonized  out  among  his  Captains,who,  taking  die 
Title  of  Kings,  waged  War  againft  each  other,  till  the  Remans  CA- 
zed  the  Weftem,  and  the  Partbians  the  Oriental  part  of  that  Mo- 
narchy. 

Thefe  Partbians  freed  themfelves  from  the  R^ile  of  the  Maeedo^ 
nians  2  ^o  years  before  the  Birth  of Chrift,4nd reigned  neat  ^ 00  years. 
Artaxerxes  reftored  the  Perfian  Government  228  Y'cars  afterCnrift  s 
Nativity.  About  the  Year  6oy  ,  the  Calif  h  of  Bagdat  ,  Omar,  or 
Hopmar,  the  Third  after  Mahomet,  became  Mafter  ofit.  So  thatP«n- 
fta,  after  a  long  uninterrupted  Succeffion  of  28  Kings  ftom  Artax- 
erxes, fets  in  an  eclipfed  Cloud,  and  becomes  fettered  under  the  I- 
ron  Yoke  of  a  Saracenick  Bondage  ^  once  garniflied  with  22  King- 
doms ,  formidable  to  the  Roman  Emperors ,  and  Miftrefs  of  the 
greateft  part  ofAfi^. 

In  the  Year  1257  or  8,  the  l^rf^fw  exterminated  the  whole  Race 
of  the  Caliph  of  Bagdat.  And  in  the  Year  1472.  the  Turcomans  of 
Armenia  got  the  Kingdom.  But  about  the  Year  i  foj.  IJhmael  So- 
fhi  once  more  re-eftabliflied  the  Perfians  in  the  poffefliion  of  the  O- ' 
riental  part  of  that  ancient  Empire,  which  now  extends  from  the 
Tygris  and  Euphrates  on.  the  Weft,  almoft  to  the  River  Indus  on  the 
Eaft  ^  And  from  the  Perfian  Gulph ,  and  the  River  Ow.i  on  the 
North,  to  thf;  Perfian  and  hdian  Seas  on  the  South. 

But  that  you  may  the  better  underfland  the  full  extent  of  theDo- 
minions  of  this  large  Kingdom,  I  fhall  give  you  the  true  Number  of 

E  e  €  /         the 


./ 


W^"H" 


"•^v. 


'''N, 


■"> 


3^  OfPirfa..  -■      - 

the  Provinces  of  tjie  whole  Gpntinent  of  Per/£* ,  according  to  the- 
old  and  new  Defcriptions  of  fevetal  Geographers. 

And  firft  the  old  Names  by  CW«r^were  GedroJia,Cart9tania,  Dran- 
gana^  Aracofia^  'Parofamtfs,  BaHriana^  Margiana,  HyreanUfy  Aria^  Par- 
tbiay  Verjisy  Sufiana,  -^JJin^ta^  Media.      ; 

The  new  Names  Sarc,  Cufiftan,  Elaran,  Farfi,  Arac,  Elfabar^  Diar- 
gumtnt  y  Corafotty  Sablefiatty  Candahory  Sigefiaffy  Chejimury  Kirmarty 
Goadel, 

2.  By  Baudraity  old  Names  ,  Media,  Hyrcaniay  Margianay  Affyria 
parSy  Sujianay  Partbiay  Aria,  Paropanifusy  Caldeay  Perjiay  Caramaniay 
Drangidna,  Arachofiay  and  Gedrofia, 

The  new  Names  are  ServanyGilw,  Dikmon,  AyrackAgemiy  Taher^ 
efi*ny  Gorgiatty  Khamus,  Churdifiany  Corafan,  Terack,  Cujifian,  Farfi, 
Khtrma>ty  Sififian,  Macheran,  Candahor,  and  Sahlefian, 

I.  Therefore  this  Monarch  poTeffeth  a  great  par^  of  the  great 
Armtma,  which  we  call  Tttnomania  y  efpecially  that  part  which  is 
feated  between  the  two  Rivers  Kur  and  Arasy  the  Cyrus  and  Araxes 
of  old :  This  Country  is  one  of  the  moft  beautiful  and  richeft  pie- 
ces of  Land  in  all  Perfiay  by  the  Natives  called  Iran,  or  Karabag. 

2*  Shirvan,  or  Sciurwaity  all  along  the  Ca^ian  Sea,  part  of  Media. 
Atrofatia, 

3.  The  Province  Ed^erhaijan,  or  Azerbeyan ;  And  thefe  two  Pro- 
vinces make  up  the  ancient  Mediay  Sarch.  Clu. 

4.  Is  Kylan,  or  Guilan,  Perfisy  whi>*h  is  the  old  Hircaniay  S,/ava  M, 
Angiol.Diargument  MercHyrachJE-rythroeo  and  comprehends  feveral  o- 
ther  Provinces,  as  Mefandrauy  Lnbetx,any  Refcht  and  Ketkert 

5*.  Is  Eftarabat ,  Tabifiran  ,  or  Tocharijian  ,  formerly  Margiana  ,. 
Jefelbajh  Cafi.  Tremigan  Pinetdy  which*  extends  to  the  River  Oxus, 

6.  Zagathayy  or  Sacathay  Nig.  is- the  Province  of  thtOusbec  Tartars 
or  Mauranahary  comprehending  all  the  ancient  Sogdiana  ,  and  part 
oi  B:.S;riana  &C. 

7.  Gorajpin  ,  Semere  Merc,  is  fome  ipart of  Ba^riana  ,  now  BaUer 
Ramuf.  Charoffany  Cafiald.  which  alfo  comprehends  the  Province  of 
Heri ,  or  Eri ,  remarkable  for  the  greateft  Trade  of  any  in  Perjia, 
The  Aria  oioXd.  .  -  ■ 

8.  Sahlefian ,  {QTmerlyParopamfus,  Calcbifitin  Cafi.  Navagrot.  M. 
P.Ven. 

9.  The  Territories  and  Cities  ofCandahof  and  Cabuly  compre- 
hend the  ancient  Aracofisy  now  belonging  to  the  Mogul, 

10.  Is  Sigifian  Marc,  formerly  Drangiana  ;  aliis  Ilment. 

II.  Is  Kirman,  or  Cbirmain,  and  Comprehends  all  the  Territories 

of 


of  the  ancient  Carmaniahor Atiing  upon  the  Indian  S>ciy  containing 
the  Province  of  , , 

1 2 .  Makeran, v/hcrdn  is Circan^'Patan^  and  the  Province  oiDulcinda, 

13.  Cujifian  Mind,  Chits  Merc,  whidh  was  heretofore  called  Sufiana, 
14^  Is  Hieracky  or  ErackAgemi^  the  Ancient  Varthla,  Nig.  Charef- 

fen  J  and  lies  in  the  midft  of  all  Verjia  ,  Arach  Merc,  &  Minad.  Texdi 
Alph.  Hadr.  Corafan,  Nigro. 

I  J".  Is  Farsj  (  which  Laet  calls  Fare  )  Farjiftan  Merc,  and  is  the 
ancient  Terjiay  whereof  Perfepolii  was  the  chiet  City. 

16.  Is Diarhcky  Merc.  Az^mia  Bel.  (oimQrly  Mefopotamia,  between 
Euphrates  and  Tygris.    'r;.,  ;  i      ■  -V    . 

17.  Is  Curdifian,  or  Arzerum,  formerly  -Ajjjria,  expending  all  along 
the  Eaft-fide  of  the  River  Tygris ^  from  the  Lake  Van,  to  the  Frontiers 
of  Bagdat. 

18.  Is  Terach,  or  Hierack-Arabi ,  otherwife  the  Country  oi  Baby- 
lon, or  Chaldea.  Thefe  three  ^aft  Countries  being  moft  now  under 
the  Turkijh  power^  we  have  already  difcourfed  thereof. 

The  Government  of  Perfia'is  Defpotick,  or abfolutely  Arbirrary, 
the  King  having  the  fole  power  of  Life  and  Death  over  all^iisSub- 
jeds^without  any  Tryals,  or  Law-proceedings.  Nor  is  there  any  So- 
vereign in  the  World  more  Abfolute  than  He;  yet,  in  the  exercife 
thereof  it  is  faid  to  be  gentle  and  eafie,  fupportaole  both  to  Perjiam 
and  Strangers.  And  for  the  Laws  of  Hofpitaiity,  they  are  fo  ftriftly 
obferved,  that  the  King  will  have  all  Strangers  to  be  his  Guefts.  The 
general  Title  given  to  the  King  oiTerfia  is  that  oiShuy  though  the 
Vulgar  call  him  by  the  Name  of  the  Sophi,v/\\\Qh  is  a  proper  Name. 
The  Ferjians  had  ever  a  very  great  Veneration  for  their  Sovereign. 
And,at  this  day,  they  believe  it  to  be  a  greater  AfTeveration  to  fwear 
by  the  Name  of  their  King  ,  than  by  the  Name  of  their  God,  perhaps 
out  of  the  fame  belief  with  thofc  of  Achem  in  Sumatra^-who  hy,  that 
God  is  far  off ,  but  the  King  is  near  at  hand.  The  Wealth  of  this 
King  is  very  vaft,  as  appear'dby  theTreafure  which  Alexander  ^OMn^ 
in  the  Coffers  01  Darius.  And  to  defcend  towards  our  Times,  Sha 
SophiyOtiQ  of  their  laft  Kings,  had  no  lefs  than  7400  Marbesoi  Gold- 
Plate  for  the  ordinary  Service  of  his  Court. 

The  King  deceafmg,  the  Eldeft  Son  afcends  the  Throne,  whilft 
his  Brothers  are  kept  in  the  Haram ,  and  their  Eyes  put  out  ,•  and 
oi "centimes  the  Children  of  the  King's  Brothers  and  Sifters  alfo,  to 
avoid  Competition  for  the  Sovereignty,  and  Rebellion. 

The  State  oi'PerJia  is  diftinguilhed ,  like  moft  of  the  European 
States,  into  three  Bodies. 

Eee  2  /         The 


,  t 


-^'■ 


^■*\ 


V. 


396     ^  Of  Ftrfia. 

The  firft  of  the  Sword,  which  anfiuFcrs  to  the  Nobflfty. 
The  fecond  is  that  of  the  Gown,  which  anfwers  to  the  Law  and 
Religion.  / 

The  third  i:i  compofed  Of  Merchants,  Handicraftfmen^  and  La- 
bourers. 

The  Afbemat  DouUt  is  the  Prime  \finifter  in  Temporals,  the  St- 
ire  in  fpirituals,  whofe  Oflices  are  much  the  fame  with  the  Grand 
Vijkrs  and  the  Mtfii  in  Turfy. 

The  greateft  part  of  the  Lands  in  Perjta  belong  to  the  King  and 
are  farmed  by  private  perfons  j  the  reft  are  meafured.  and  pay  fo 
much  a  meafure.  The  King  hath  alfo  a  vail  Income  by  Merchan- 
difes  that  pay  Cuftom  and  Toll. 

The  Commerce  of  this  mighty  Empire  confiftsin  Trade  of  the 
Country^  and  Foreign  Traffick.  The  Country  Trade  is  in  the 
hands  otPerfians  and  Jews.  The  Foreign  Trade  is  in  the  hands  of 
the  Jrmeniatuy  who  are  Fadors  for  the  King  and  Noblemen. 

Their  Commodities  arc  curious  5i/(b,  exquifi^e  Carpets  and  Ttffues, 
with  other  MatufaSures  of  Gold,  Silk  and  Siher,  great  quantities  of 
Linnen  Cloth  of  all  forts  of  Colours.  Their  Sealskins  and  Coat-skim 
are  tranfported  by  the  Hollanders  into  hdia  and  Japan,  as  ilfo  into 
Mofcwy  and  Foland.  The  famous  Ronas  Root  is  tranfported  over  all 
India,  great  ftorc  of  dried  Fruits,  of  Candid  ^inees,  and  BoxesofMar- 
malet  made  at  Balfera,  Fruits  pickled  in  Fenegar,  fii/eet  Water,  Almonds, 
Raifins,  and  Purgative  Prunes  •  They  vend  abundance  of  their  C<rwe/i 
into  Turkf,  great  ftore  of  Horfes  and  Mules  into  hdia,  said  a  prodigi- 
ous number  of  Sheep  into  Natalia  and  Romania. 

The  natural  Compledion  of  the  Perjtans  is  Tawney^as  may  be  feen 
hythcGaures,  the  Original  Inhabitants  of  the  Country ;;  butthepre- 
fent  Perfians,  by  rcafon  of  their  frequent. Marriages  with  f^Xx  Georgian 
Women^  have  contra^ed  a  better  degree  of  Comelinefs  and  Beauty. 
The  Jufticeamong  them  is  very  exad  and  fpeedy.  Suits  being  de- 
termined upon  the  place.  Murther  feverely.punifhed,  and  extraor- 
Anary  Care  taken  for  the  fecurity  of  the  High-ways,  for  Thieves 
find  no  mercy  j  and  if  a  Merchant  be  robbed,  the  Governour  of 
the  Province  makes  good  the  Lofs, 

The  Air  of  Per/J»  varies  according  to  the  diverfity  of  its  fituation ,» 
the  Country  of  Edzerheitzutn  is  very  fbarp  and  cold,  but  healthy;  the 
Air  ofKilan  is  very  unwholfom  j  but  the  Province  of  Mazandran, 
from  September  to  March,  fcems  a  kind  of  Terreftrial  Paradife.  At 
Jjfahan  m  the  middle  ofPerfia,  there  are  fix  months  of  hot,  and  fix 
months  «f  cold  weather.  In  the  Southern  Provinces  the  Heats  are 
/'  ^  very 

■  '   ■  -f 


^  Of  Tsrfiai      "''"'  ^97 

very  exceflSve :  In  fbme  parts  the  Snow  falls  tliree  or  four  times  in  a 
Sealbn  andfometimes  very  thick ;  but  Rain  there  is  very  little.  As 
for  Woods  there  are  none  in  all  the  Country;  and  Springs  are  very 
fcarce  to  Travellers.  'Tis  a. Country  generally  mountainous^ out  of 
fome  of  which  they  dig  Salt,  as  Stones  out  of  a  Quarry;  and  there 
are  fome  Plains  there^where  the  Sand  is  nothing  but  Salt.  Of  late 
feveral  Copper  Mmes  have  been  found  out,  of  which  the  Natives 
make  all  forts  of  Kitchin  Houihold-ftufF:  their  Lead  comes  from  Ker^ 
man,  their  Iron  and  Steel  from  Corazan  and  Casbin ;  fome  Mines  of 
GoId^nd.Silver  there  were,  but  the  Expence  is  more  than  the  Profits  ^ 
The  Provinces  of  G«;/<?»  andMazandran  furnifli'd  all  Per/£i  with  Oil ►. 
Armenia ^MingreUayGeorgia  and  MMia  abound  in  Vineyards,  but  their 
Vines  they  bury  all  Winter,  and  take  them  up  in  the  Spring.  The 
Flowers  ofPerJta  are  not  comparable  to  thofe  of  Em-ope  for  Variety  or: 
Beautyi.nor  are  their  Applcs,Pcars,Oranges,Granates,Prunes,Cher- 
ries,Quinces,Cheihuts,Medlers,and  other  forts  of  Fruits  fo  well  taft* 
ed  as  ours ;  yet  their  Apricocks,the  better  fort,  are  better  than  ours  f: 
which  when  you  open,  the  Stone  cleaves  in  two,  and  the  Kernel^ 
which  is  only,  a  fmall  Skin  as  white  as  Snow,ismoftpleafantto  the 
Tafte ;  {o  likewife  their  Melons  are  moft  excellent,  very  plentiful^ 
and  more  wholefome  than  ours. 

Their  Fowl  are  much  the  fame  as  we  have  in  Ettrope,  and  their 
Poultry^  arc  very  plentiful,  only  there  are  no  Turkies.  All  forts  of 
Water-Fowl  are  commonly  in  fome  parts  of  the  Country ;.  and  as 
for  Birds  of  Prey  it.  wants  none. 

The  Native  inhabitants  are  generally  very  inquifitive  after  future 
Events,  confulting  their  Afirokgerslikc  Oracles ;  much  addideC  to  ill: 
Language,  but  never  blafpheme  God,  nor  fubje<ft  to  fwear  ;  iiaturally , 
great  Differnblers  and  Flatterers.  exceflSve  in  their  Luxury  andEx- 
pences,  much  accuftomed  to  Tobacco  and  Coffee,  and  to  make  mu- 
tual Vifits  ,• ,  generally.  addiAed  to  Play  and  Paftimes ;  yet  the  men 
never  dance,  nor  do  they  ufe  walking  to  and  again  as  we  do. 

The  two  great  SeAs  amongfl  the  Followers  of  Mahomet  (  which 
are  moft  violent  againfl  each  other)  are  the  Turks  and  Verfians.  The. 
Eirft  hold  Mahomet  to  be  the  Chief  and  ultimate  Prophet ;  the  latter  . 
prefer  J*»/y  before  him,  and  efleem  his  Infpirations  greater,  and  his-. 
Interpretations  of  the  Law  more  Perfed  and.  Divine  ;    and  their 
Grand  Feftival  is  the  Feaft  ofHocen  and^HuJfeifj,   The  King  permits- 
the  Carmelites,  Capuchins ,  Juftin-Fryers,  and  Other  Orders^   to  have 
their  Houfes  and  Churches  in  liis  Jloyal  City  of  ^«-&^»,where  their; 
Superiors  live  in  nature  of  Ainbaflkiwxs.for  the.ChriftianErJnces :. 

'      Tliey. 


-^d-: 


''-^ 


\\ 


398      '  OJ  PerfiA,  :" 

They  arc  as  fuperftitious  as  the  Turks,  and  believe  material  Enjoy- 
ments  in  Varadifes^  tho  others,  naore  refined,  affirm.  That  Beatitude 
tonfifts  in  \he  ferfeH  knowledge  of  the  Sciences  ,•  and  for  the  Senfes,  they 
jhalth^'ve  their  fatisfaBion  according  to  their  quality. 

Their  Women  are  efteem'd  the  hanfomeft  in  all  Jfia,  their  Hor- 
fes  the  nimWeft,  their  Camels  the  ftrongeft  :  And  in  the  Country 
they  commend  the  Bread  ofTez,decas,  the  Wine  ofSchiras,  and  the 
.  Women  o^Tezd. 

The  Perjtan  Language  is  fo  fweet ,  that  it  is  only  in  ufe  among 
,  the  Women  and  Poets ;  the  King  and  Nobility  generally  ipeaking 
the  Turkijh  Tongue. 

The  greateft  Trade  is  at  Bagd^t  for  Turky,  and  AtGomhonfor  the 
hdies.  The  Kings  of  ?er/?<«  permit  Strangers  to  trade  upon  their 
Coafts,  but  not  to  build  Forts :  and  the  Mogul  and  Emperor  o[ China 
obferv€  the  fame  Policy  in  their  Dominions.  They  lie  between  two 
.  potent  Neighbours,  the  Turk  and  the  Great  Mogul.  The  Strength  of 
their  Kingdom  confifts  chiefly  in  its  Situation,  being  furrounded  by 
high  Mountains  and  vaft  Deferts.  IJhmaelSophi  brought  into  the  Field 
an  Army  of  300000  Men  againft  ^sW/w  Emperor  oi  the  Turks.  And 
other  Perjian  Kings  have  had  Armies  ot  7  or  800000  Men :  But  ge- 
nerally their  Armies  now  a-days  confift  not  of  above  yo  or  60000 
Horfe  ,  befides  30000  which  are  always  kept  upon  the  Fron- 
tiers. 

The  Militia  is  divided  into  three  fort5,which  are  the  Corfchis,  ge- 
nerally called  Kefel-Bajhi,  or  Red-heads,  in  number  about  22000  all 
good  Soldiers  and  Horfemen. 

The  fecond  fort,  the  Goulams  or  Slaves,  RenegadoGwr^/^»/,  who 
are  about  1 8000,  being  alfo  Horfemen. 

The  third  fort  are  the7l?/e«l^«j,whoare  compofed  of  Men  taken 
from  the  Plough,  as  moft  he  for  Labour  j  they  are  Footmen  arm'd 
with  a  Scimetcr  and  Mufquet. 

The  Perjians,  efpecially  the  Rich,  are  much  leis-fubjeA  to  Sicknefs 
than  the  Europeans ;  nor  are  they  much  troubled  ^ith  the  Pox,  for 
the  dry  Air  ot  the  Country  is  an  Enemy  to  it  ,•  befides,  they  go  often 
to  the  Bath,  to  fwcat  out  the  Venom  of  that  Diftemper ;  for  as  for 
7ny  Method  of  Phyfick,  they  have  none  j  Diet  is  the  chief  Reme- 
/  which  thePhyficians  prelcribe  in  all  Difeafes,  and  account  moft 
,  ^ereign. 

They  divide  the  Natural  Day  into  four  parts,-  from  Sun-riling  to 
Noon,  from  Noon  to  Sun-fet,  hom  Sun-fet  to  Midnight,  and  from 
Midnight  till  Sur.rife  i  and  in  the  Vulgar  Computation  of  Time,make 

ufe 


Of  Perfia.  399 

vSt  of  Lunar  Month  t;w\iich  they  always  begin  from  the  ftift  appear- 
ance of  the  New  Moon:  But  in  their  Aftronomical  Accounts,  they 
make  ufe  of  Solar  Months.  The  Firft  Month  begins  upon  the  nth 
of  our  March,  the  day  of  the  Vernal  Equinox  being  the  firft  day  of 
their  Year ;  upon  which  Day  if  a  Per^an  hath  not  money  to  buy 
him  a  new  Habit,  he  will  mortgage  his  own  Body  to  have  one.  . 

ThQ'Per/ians  betroth  their  Children  very  young ,  at  nine  or  ten 
years ;  anci  among  the  Jrntenians  iome  are  married  and  lie  together 
at  five  or  fix,*  their  Law  allows  them  but  four  Wives,  but  they  may 
have  as  many  hired  Women  asthey  pleafe,  and  rnay  alfo  enjoy  their 
Slaves  whom  they  purchafe  ,•  the  Children  both  of  the  one  and  of 
the  other  are  accounted  Lawful,  and  inherit  .ill  alike.  The  Nobility 
oi^  thePer/ia7ts  istbunded  upon  their  being  deicended  ^vom  Mahomet, 
and  thefe  have  the  Title  oi  Mir  or  Prince  ,•  and  the  Daughters  that 
ofMirza  or  Princeft. 

The  Perfians  wear  Red  Turbants ,  the  Tartars  ofGiagatay  Green' 
ones :  The  7«r^i/fc Turbants  are  White,  and  the  Greeks  Blue.  And  as 
they  are  thus  diftinguiflied  in  the  Colour  of  their  Turbants,  fo  if 
we  regard  the  natural  Enmities  of  Nations, we  ftiall  find  as  great  an 
Antipathy  between  the  Turks  and  Perfians,  as  there  is  between  ^he 
Chine fes  and  Japanners,  the  Armenians  and  Nefiorians,  the  Arabians 
and  AbaJJines,  the  French  and  Spaniards,  the  Italians  and  Greeks,  the 
Germans  and  Pclanders,  the  Danes  and  Suedes,  or  the  Mufcovites  and. 
Tartars. 

The  Capital  City  of  all  Per/ia  is  Ifpahan,  built  hy  Arfaces,'who  enlar- 
ged theP<jr/i&i4»Dominions,and  called  Dara,3iketwa.rAsA^adara,^\{o 
Njwzamena  by  Ben.  yonas  Hagifian  ,  Clu.  Ashahawn  by  the  Arabian 
Geographer  ^  Saphaou  Mandcvel.  Spahawn  Herb.  Sfahan,  A^achan, 
Izpaan  and  Hijpahan,in  fome  Maps  and  Authors,  y  57  Miles  from  the 
Perfian  Sea,  360  from  the  Ca^ian,  450^  from  Babjlon,  and  870  from. 
Candahor :  By  which  laft  diftance,  agreeing  very  near  with  what  Ta- 
vernier  makes  it -vix,.  390  Agats ,  (  every  Agat  being  a  Province 
League)  I  find  Perfa  is  at  leaft  ;  or  400  miles  too  much  in  length 
in  moft  Maps,  and  in  fome  much  more  :  As  it  is  the  Refidenee  of 
the  PerfianlLing,  and  in  the  Centre  of  his  Empire,  Noble  ^  asfeat- 
ed  on  a  vaft  Plain,which  extends  three  ways  i  j  or  20  Leagues,fair* 
and  pleafant  J  for  Air  healthy,*  confidering  her  Palaces,  ftately^  her- 
Gardens  delicious  and  fragrant ,-  her  Piazza's,  and  the  Wealth  of  her.^' 
Bazars  or  publick  Market-places  rich  and  populous ;  only  the  Streets 
ane  narrow  and  dark,  and  annoyed  with  Loads  oi  Ordure  and  Filthy, 
in  the  Summer  Dufty^  and. in  the  Winter  Mir^.  ^"' 


^^. 


.£ 


'^- 


]f< 


If; 


[    P^^. 


^■>.-^ 


4^0  Of  Perfia. 

Zulpha,  or  Jeff  hey  Herh.  is  a  little  City,  feparated  from  I^haban 
by  the  River  S$nderoM ,  and  is  a  Colony  oi  ArmenUns ,  who  enjoy 
Lands  and  great  Priviledgcs.  They  have  i  j  or  16  Churches  and 
Chappels,  anii  no  Mahometans  may  live  amongft  them. 

Schiras,  Sherazz,  ^  Perjis,  Schirafium  Baud.  Sheraz,  Herh.  Siafhas  Ben 
yonaSjXiriat  Dm  Garcias/Zyroi  V^Venet.CirecathaStefh.CyropolfsMuf- 
laedini-Saddi :  A  City  no  lefs  ancient  than  great,  according  to  that 
Proverb,  ^ando  Schiras  erat  Schiras  ttmcCairus  erat  ejus  pagusj  And  is 
now  the  Second  City  for  Magnificence  in  the  Per/tan  Monarchy, 
pleaiantly  feated  at  the  end  oFa  fpacious  Plain  circumvolved  M^ith 
lofty  Hills,  enriched  by  Trade,  made  lovely  by  Art.  The  Palaces 
rife  fo  amiably,  the  Mofques  and  Hummums  with  their  CaeruleanTileSj, 
and  gilded  Vanes,  among  the  CyprelTes  fo  glitter  by  receding  the 
Sun-beams  in  a  curious  fplendor.  The  Vineyards,Gardens,Cy  preffes. 
Sudatories  and  Temples,  ravidiing  the  Eye  and  Smell ;  fo  that  in 
every  part  fhe  appears  fair  and  delightful. 

Here  Cyrus,  the  moft  excellent  of  Heathen  Princes,  was  born ; 
and  here  his  Body  (all  but  his  Head,  which  was  fent  to  Pifagard) 
lies  entombed. 
Here  the  Great  Macedonian  glutted  his  Avarice  and  Bacchifm. 
Here  the  firft  Sybel  fung  our  Saviour's  Incarnation  j  And  here 
a  feries  of  200  Kings  have  Iwayed  their  Scepters. 

The  Government  oi  Schiras  is  one  of  the  Higheft  Commands 
for  a  Subjed,  and  is  particularly  famous  for  the  molt  excellent  AVines 
in  all  Perfia. 

Tavemier  tells  us.  That  now  it  looks  rather  like  a  Town  half  ru- 
ined, than  a  City;  And  that  there  is  a  wonderful  Well,  which  is  i  ^ 
years  rifing  to  the  top,  and  i ;  Years  falling  or  finking  to  the  bottom. 
Perfefolisy  by  the  Greek  and  Latin  Authors,  Elamis  by  the  Perjians  and 
Oriental  Niitions,when  in  its  Perfedion  was  the  Metropolis  of  the 
World,  &  TotiusOrhisSplendor,whcn  in itsflourifliing conaition,  faith 
jD.  Siculmy  and  ^  Curtim,  the  Richeft,  the  Nobleft,  and  the  Lovelieft 
City  under  the  Sun ;  fo  beautiful  and  fo  (lately  in  its  Strudure,  being 
moft  of  Cedar  and  CyprefsWpod,  the  Order  of  Building  fo  curious 
and  r^ular,  as  it  was  in  that  Age  juftly  ftiled.  Tie  Glory  tfthe  World. 
The  Succefs  oiAnticchus  Epif banes  ax  Jerufakm,vfh&Ti  he  facrilegioul^ 
iy  raviflied  ten  Tuns  ofGold,madehim  march  toPer/eW/V  withan  Ar« 
^  my,  in  hopes  of  getting  the  greateft  Exchequer  in  the  World  ^  for  tho 
BaMon  and  Shujhan  were  very  rich,  the  one  furni/hing  the  Macedonian 
ViAor  with  f  0000  Talents,  the  other  with  9  Millions  of  Gold,  and 
f  0000  Tdlencs  in  Bullion;  yetinFrj^fsAtrthere  was  found  120000  Ta- 
lents, 


^i^p 


imipmpp 


m 


kms  I  or  according  to  5rr<jf^  32  Millions,  7^0000  Pouncls. 

Time  would  fail  me  to  mention  the  lofty  Palace  of  the  Terfian  Em- 
perorsjwhich  for  Situation,Profpe<ft,  Richnefs  in  MaterialSjand  Cu- 
riofity  of  Artj  rendred  it  incomparable  of  that  Majefty  and  Splendor, 
as  put  the  World's  Conqueror  into  amazement  at  his  entrance  there- 
into. But  alas!  this  rich  and  famous  City,  yea,  the  Palace  alfo,was 
at  a  drunken  Feaft,  in  a  debauched  Humour,  by  the  inttigation  of 
Thais,  and  at  the  command  oi Alexander ,  fet  all  on  fire  j  an  Ad  which 
the  Great  Prince  would  have  quenched  with  his  Tears  ^  but  pre- 
ceding raifchiefs  are  not  amended  by  fucceeding  Lamentations:  but 
of  the  Maufoleaj  the  Temple  dedicated  to  Anaia,  or  Diana ^  and  of  the 
Ruins  of  it  at  this  day,  called  Chilmanory  or  Chehelminor,  Vide  Her- 
beris  Travels. 

Comejhaw, where  Sir  R.  Shirley  was  once  Commander,  thought  to 
be  the  Cattnaza,whQre  there  the  memorable  Battel  betwixt  Artaxer- 
xes  and  Cyrus  his  Brother  was  fought.  Others  think  it  the  fame 
which  Pliny  called  Paradona,  or  Orebatys  oi'Ptol. 

Near  Gheez,  is  a  narrow  Strait,  the  Mountains  on  either  fide  are 
very  precipitous,  and.  vaftly  high,  not  more  than  40  Yards  broad, 
and  8  Miles  long ,  and  is  one  of  the  three  noted  Paflages  through 
the  Mountain  Taurus,  which  leads  to  Hircania  ,•  through  this  Strait 
the  fair  Aniaz,onian  came  to  Alexander. 

Perifmv  Herb.  Ftrufcheuch  Val,  is  noted  for  the  abundance  of  Phea- 
lants,  and  other  Game  for  Hawking.      . 

Afiiaraff  Herb.Efcref  dc  Val.  is  about  two  Miles  from  the  Cajpian  Sea, 
in  Latitude  38  degrees,  17  minutes,  due  North  from  IJpahan.  Here 
Sha  Abbas  gave  Audience  to  Sir  Dodmore  Cotton  the  Englijh  Ambaf- 
fador,  and  is  but  five  miles  from  Ferrabaut  the  Hircanian  Metropolis. 

Ferrabautj  or  EJlrabut  u^on  the  C^^ian  Sea,fome  take  this  for  the 
Remains  of  the  old  Amarufa,  fomeior  the  Socanda  Ptol.  others  fup- 
pofe  it  to  be  the  Phraata,  W\\\Q\i  Mafctis  Antonius  befieged  when  he 
invaded  Media,  to  be  revenged  for  the  Death  of  Crajjiis  the  Rich, who, 
with  30000  of  his  men,  were  flain  by  Phraartes  the  Parthian. 

Omoul,  by  fome  Zarama,  by  others  Ladrac^ta,  wheve  Alexarider  fe- 
freflied  his  Army  in  the  purfuit  o^BejJ'us  the  infamous  BaBrian ;  Others 
think  it  to  be  the  Remains  oiNabarca ,  where  the  Oracle  of  Dreams 
was famoufed.  The  Inhabitants  obferve  fix  or  feven  feveral  Sabbaths. 

At  DamoanX\ieJe'ws  inhabit  in  great  numbers  ,  having,  as  they 
report,  been  feated,  ever  fince  theTranfplantation from Canamhy 
SalmJiaJJ'er,  2  Kings  17. 6.  and  alfo  fay,  that  upon  the  £><?»/(?<?»  ^(lJpun- 

tain  Ni;<r//s  Ark  refted.  /'J 

F  f  f  1      Tyroan 


:':^ 


#»•. 


401  "      Of  Terfia. 

Tjroan  feems  to  be  the  RhazMtt^a  ofStrah.  a  City  of  about  3000 
Houles.    The  Women  are  lovely  ^  and  curious  in  Novelties  ,•  but  the 

.Jealoufie  of  the  Men  confines  them ;  yet  vetttis  rebus  gllfcit  'volun- 
tas, 

Sufaj  or  Sujlian,  every  where  famoufed  for  one  of  the  three  Roy- 
al Palaces  the  Median  Monarchs  fo  much  gloried  and  delighted  in  ,• 
was  the  place  where  Ahafimerus  kept  his  Court^and  fome  other  Kings : 
yilixatuJer  there  e{pou{cd  Statyra  the  Verfian  Princefs,  and  Daughter  of 
Darius, AnA  Efhejiion  her  Sifter.  Here  he  made  a  Feaft  for  9000  Guefts, 
to  each  of  which  he  gave  a  Cup  of  Gold.  Here  he  got  joooo  Talents 
in  Silver,  and  9000000  Millions  of  coined  Gold  ,•  now  Valdac  or  BaL 
dacbjP.Venet.SuJfraCafi.Soufter  Sanf.  {e&tQ^  upon  the  River  ChoaJ}is,  a 
River  of  fuch  account  with  the  P«/</» Emperors,  that  no  Water  but 
ofChoaJfisj  no  Bread  but  from  y^Jfoj  in  Thrygia^  no  Wine  but  the  Cha- 
lybonian  in  Syrla^  no  Salt  but  from  Memphis  in  t/£gypt,  conld  pleafe 
their  Palates.  It  was  calledC7/<jii  in  Daniel^Eulaus  Vlinjiritiri  Sanf,  Here 
Cyrus  the  Great  entertained  his  moft  beautiful  Parthea.  Here  Akxan^ 
Her  gave  loooo  Talents  to  pay  the  Debts  of  thofe  that  had  a  mind 
to  return  into  Greece,  and  received  a  recruit  of  goooo  young  Soldi- 
ers. Here  it  was  alfo  that  Hefter  obtained  fo  much  favour  for  the 
Jews,  and  where  Haman  was  hanged  in  the  place  o^Mordecai,  It  is 
related,  that  the  Palace  of  Sufa,  built  by  Darius ,  was  enriched  by 
Memnon,  with  the  Spoil  of  the  Great  Thebes  in  9y£gypt,  and  that  the 
Stones  were  faftened  with'Gold.  Next  VerfefoUs  it  was  reckoned  one 
of  the  moft  fumptuous  Fabricks  of  the  Kings  oiTerfia^  but  this  Ci- 
is  iiow  wafte  and  defolate.  - 

C0»go  or  Bander  Congo,  is  a  City  upon  the  Gulph  of  Batfara,  not 
much  unlike  Toulon  in  Provence  :  It  rofe  from  the  Ruins  oiOrmus, 
as  well  asGombron  ;  nnd  there  is  a  Cuftom-houfe,  of  which  the  Per- 
Jians  and  Fortuguefes  divide  the  Profit. 

Laar^Corrha,  Ptol.  Laodicea  Pynetus,  Seleucia  Elymiadis  Affian,  Lara 
Band,  Laar  P.  Venet  (gives  its  Name  to  a  certain  piece  of  Silver  Mo- 
ney coined  there,  and)  contains  above  4000  Houfes  ,  and  a  little 
Cittadel.  Some  belieup  it  to-be  the  ancient  Pafagardes,  where  the 
Grand  Cyrus  vanquiflicd  Afiyages,  and  tranflated.  the  Empire  of  the 
Medes  into  that  oiPerfia,  Calanus,  an  Indiart  Philofbpher ,  fuffered 
a  Toluntary  Death  there,  in  Hght  of  the  whole  Macedonian  Army. 

^  It  has  been  much  difpeopled  by  Earthquakes^  which  often  happen 
in  thole  Parts.  i   _  ;     . 


tarns. 


Larr 


Of  Perfia. 


40) 


Larr  IS  the  Capital  City  of  the  Pro vince, which  formerly  bore  the 
Title  of  a  Kingdom ;  it  is  enclofed  on  both  fides  with  high  Moun- 
tains, being  built  round  about  a  Rock,  upon  which  there  ftands  a 
CaftlCjWhere  the  King  keeps  a  Garifon  ^  the  mod  part  of  its  inha- 
bitants zxqJcws  j  there  is  no  Water  but  Rain-water jWhich  does  not 
happen  fometimes  for  three  years  together,  which  Water  ftanding 
in  the  Ciftterns  fo  long,  breeds  Worms,  and  whether  you  ftrain  or 
boil  it,ihere  will  remain  afoulnefsand  corruption  in  it,which  breeds 
Worms  in  the  Legs  and  Feet  of  men  i&n^J,B.Tavcrnkr  faith,That 
at  his  return  to  Varis  the  fifth  time  of  his  Travelling,  he  had  one 
came  out  of  his  Left  Foot  an  Ell  and  a  half  long,  and  another  from 
the  Ankle  of  his  Right  Foot  an  Ell  long. 

At  Jaarown.ov  Gaarom y^hout  20  FarfangSjOr  61  E»^/(/7j  miles  from 
Larry  the  Inhaoitans  are  moft  Jews  who  tell  us,  they  are  the  Iffue 
oiReubeny  Gad,  and  the  half  Tribe  of  Af<7w<ij^^/,who  by  Tiglath  Pilaf 
fer  were  carried  captive  to  this  place,  2  Kings  17.  6.  and  that  the 
OiF-fprings  of  Dart,  Zchnkn,  Jifur  and  NuphtJoali  were  planted  at 
Damoan. 

Near  this  place  is  a  precious  Liquor  or  Mummy  growing,  care- 
fully preferved  for  the  King's  fole  ufe.  It  diftils  only  in  Jitne,  from 
the  top  of  thofe  mountains,  a  moft  redolent  Gum,  fovereign  againft 
Poyfon,  a  CathoUcon  for  all  forts  of  wounds. 

Tauru,  (the  Ecbatana  of  the  Ancients,  the  Metropolis  of  the  Em- 
pire of  the  Medes  )  by  the  Turks  Taberyz,  ^  by  Ez,ra,  Achntetba,  is  a 
great  City,  and  well  peopled,  the  general  Mart  for  Turkj,  Mufco^y, 
the  Indies,  and  ?erfia  ,•  for  all  forts  of  Mercha»ndize,efpecially  Silks. 

Anno  I  y  14.  the  Grand  Signior  Seljm  fent  a  Baiha  with  an  Army, 
and  ranfack  d  it ;  1 5:30  Soljman  invaded  it  with  fo  much  fury,  that 
it  flamed  many  days  ,•  reviving  again  it  was  made  proftrate  to  Ibra- 
him Bafhas  Luxury  i  y34'  ^"^  '  y^y.  it  groaned  under  the  greateft 
SuiFering,when  Ojman  Bafha,  Slave  to  ^w«r<??,  perpetrated  all  man- 
ner of  Cruelty. 

In  the  year  1650.  itwasalmoft  mmt^hy  Sultan Amurath, hut  noyft 
re-edified,  the  Buildings  of  Brick  being  baked  in  the  Sun.  At  this 
City  are  feen  the  Ruins  of  ftately  Strudures,  or  great  Mofques  or 
Temples  of  a  prodigious  height  and  magnitude.  In  one  dedicated 
to  Diana,  the  Great  Artaxerxes  fequeftred  the  fair  AJ^aJia  ,  whofe 
]3eauty  made  him  and  his  Son  Competitors.  Here  are  drelfed  the 
greateft  part  of  the  Shagreen  Skins  that  are  vended  all  over  Verfia, 

Casbin.  Cax,byn  Herb,  KazAfin  by  the  Ferfians;  The  Arfatia  of  the 
Ancients ,  or  Arffaca  oiStrabo,    Here  Parmenio  was  killed  ,   and 

Fffa  EfhefiioH 


.,.'» 


••■ 


yj-  . 


404  OfPerJia. 

EfhefiimjAUxanders  Favourite,  diedj  and  a  Monument  ercAcd^upoa 
which  was  fpent  1 2000  Talents,  or  7  Millions  of  Crowns.  Then  did 
the  Altar  fmoke  with  Incenfc^andTearsVere  ofFer'd  up  in  Sacrifice, 
and  the  dead  Corps  worfliipped  as  a  Deity.  It  is  a  great  City  with- 
out Walls,  thought  to  be  the  Rages  in  Tobit,  the  beft  half  of  it  is  in 
Gardens,  feated  in  a  large  and  fair  Plain,  30  miles  in  compafs.  Here 
died  Sir  Robert  Shirley,  and  Sir  Dodmore  Cotton^ihQ  Ambafladors  who 
went  for  Verfia,jinno  i6i6.\\2is\n%no  gilded  Trophies  to  adorn  their 
Sepulchres,  only  their  Virtues,  which  will  out-laft  thofe  bubbles  of 
Vsnity.  Here  alfo  died  Abbas  the  Verfian  Monarch  in  the  year  1628. 
Sauvay  Herb.. Saba  de  Fa  I.  a.  City  pleafantly  feated  upon  a  rifing 
hill,  in  a  fruitful  Country,  much  clelightful  for  aerial  Mufick,  el- 
pccially  the  Nightingale. 

A  Thoufand  7varbling  Notes  their  Throats  dlfflays^ 
Whkb  their  fweet  Mufick  chants  as  many  "ways. 

About  1 1  Leagues  from  Tauris,  a  Lake  about  i  c  Leagues  compafs, 
in  the  middle  of  which  is  a  little  Hill ,  that  rifes  infenfibly,  out  of 
"'hich  there  bubble  out  many  little  Springs  ,•  and  the  Earth  which 
they  water  is  of  twoftrange  diltin^t  Qualities;  for  one  fort  ferves  to 
make  lime,  the  next  to  that  is  a  hollow  fpungy  Stone ,  and  under 
that  is  a  white  tranfparent  Stone,  which  is  onely  a  congelation  of 
the  Waters  of  thefe  Streams:  for  fometimes  you  fball  meet  with 
creeping  Animals  congealed  therein  ;  for  one  piece  fent  to  Sha 
Abbas,  Tavernier  ofFered  i  yooo  Crowns,  in  which  was  a  Lizard  a- 
bout  a  foot  long. 

Ardevil  is  not  only  famous  for  the  Royal  Sepulchres  o^  Sha  Sefi, 
and  other  Per/Mw  Kings,  and  for  the  Pilgrimages  that  are  made  to  it;, 
but  alfo  for  numerous  Caravans  of  Silk,wbich  render  it  one  of  the 
•  moft  confiderable  Cities  mPerJta  :  ttis  of  a  moderate  bignefs,  feat- 
ed in  a  lovely  opening  of  the  Mountains ,  die  Avenues  of  it  are 
very  pleafant,  being  Allies  of  great  Trees ,  wA  is  watered  with  a 
River  that  runs  thorow  the  middle  of  the  City 

Sultanyj  Tigranocerta,  Tigranopol/s,  and  Tygranofetra  ,  tefie  Af piano, 
Sultania.  J«vio,  Sa'va.  Bonacciolo.  Bitlis  Baud,  is  a  very  large  City,*  and 
if  you  will  believe  the  Armenians ,  they  will  tell  you  ,  that  there 
-were  once  near  800  Churches  in  it. 
^.Kom,Coom,  Herb.  Cama,ArbaBa,  or  Coama  of  old  ;  by  fome,Hc- 
tatomfolis,  is  one  of  the  great  Cities  ofiVerfia,  in  a  fat  Country,  a- 
bounding  with  Rice  ana  excellent  Granates^  thacwhi«h  is  moft  re- 

mark- 


V-. 


markable  is  .1  large  Mofquc,wherc  are  the  Sepulcliresof  5/*^  5f/ard 
Sha  Abbas  the  Second,  the  Tomb  of  SediRnima,  the  Grand-Daugh- 
ter of Hrf/i^and  the  Tomb  o{ FatimaXifbra  the  Daughter  ofMahemet. 

Cafchan  is  alfo  a  large  City,  and  well  peopled,  ftorcd  with  5/7/6- 
weavtrs,  which  make  the  bett  purfled  Sattins  mix'd  with  Gold  and 
Silver.  The  Houfes  are  fairly  built.  The  Mofques  and  Baths  are 
in  their  Cupoloes  curioufly  caeruleated  with  a  feigned  Torquoife. 
The  Buz,z,ar  is  fpacious  and  uniform.  The  Caravanfira  is  the  moft 
(lately  Fabrick  of  that  kind  in  Perjta. 

Baktty  gives  its  name  to  the  Cafpian  Sea  ,•  and  near  to  it  there 
is  a  Sfring  of  Oil,  which  ferves  all  over  Perfia  to  burn  in  Lamps. 

Kirman  towards  the  Ocean  affords  very  fine  fteel,  of  which  they 
make  Weapons  vciy  highly  priz'd  ;  For  a  Scy  miter  of  that  Steel 
will  cut  through  an  Helmet  with  an  eafie  Blow. 

Ortntis  formerly  bore  the  Title  of  a  Kingdom.  As  to  the  Name, 
it  was  called  Organo  and  Gera  by  Vtrrerius  ,  Necrokin  by  B.  Jonas, 
Zambri  by  the  Tartars,  Vorotia  by  Niger,  Ormufia  by  Jcfefhus,  Omiza 
Pliny,  Amazon  Ptol.  Ogyris  Tbeuetus,  Curttus  and  Rufus  ,  Ternia  Strabo, 
where  Prince  Erythans  was  buried,  from  whom  Mare  Rubrum  had 
its  denomination.  The  Ifland  is  about  i  j  Miles  in  compals,  iubjed: 
to  fuch  exceflive  heats ,  that  it  produces  nothing  confiderable  but 
Salt,  and  is  two  good  Leagues  from  the  firm  Land.  There  is  not  a 
drop  of  frefli  Water  in  it  but  what  is  carried  thither.  - 

In  the  Year  i  yoy.  it  was  reduced  under  the.<irown  of  Portugal 
by  Alfhonfo  d^ Albuquerque.  The  fair  and  delicate  Situation  of  Orw/y/, 
for  Trade  and  Commerce  ,  as  it  was  the  Staple  and  Glory  of  the 
Eaftern  World,  has  occafioned  fome  to  fay.  That  if  the  World  were  a 
Ring,  Ormus  7vas  to  be  the  Jewel, 

In  the  Year  1622.  Sha  Abbas  took  it  by  the  Affiftance  of  the 
Efiglijh,  commanded  by  Cs.'^t.JVeddal  ^  and  then  tranflated  the  Trade 
to  Gombron,  vvhich  he  called  by  his  own  Name  Bender- AbaJJi.  The 
Portugals  loft  about  6  or  7  Millions  at  the  taking  of  the  Town. 

GombroH,  or  Gomrou  ,  Hacand  Ofor.  fince  the  Fall  o£  Ormus,  is  be- 
come a  City  of  great  Commerce  ,  guarded  with  two  Caftles  in 
which  are  planted  80  pieces  of  brafs  Ordnance.  The  Air  is  fo  hot 
and  unwholefome ,  that  no  Strangers  can  live  there  above  3  or  4 
Months  in  the  Year,but  for  6  or  7  Months  are  forced  to  retire  up  in 
the  Mountains  2  or  5  days  Journy  off.  About  3  Miles  from  Gowbron, 
is  the  famous  jB^»»/<z»Tree,of  as  great  Repute,as  the  Idol  Oak  to  our 
Druids  of  old  :  Now  all  Nations  that  traffick  upon  the  Indian  Seas» 
and  Land  Caravans,  carry  Conuaodities  thither ,  and  bring  from 

thence 


.  'fit,: 


r*' 


J^t5  Of  Perjia, 

thence  Vehets,  Taffatiesy  Rav/  Silkj  and  other  Ter/ian  Commodi  Ics : 
So  that  now  Ormus  is  ruined ,  and  may  well  be  called  Ormah  y  or 
deftru(5lion. 

Ba harem,  upon  the  Cbaft  oV Arabia  ,  is  the  ancient  Tylos  yet  be- 
longing to  Pcrfta  I  it  is  an  Ifland  famous  for  its  Springs  of  freili  Wa- 
ter at  the  bottom  of  the  Sea :  For  its  Pearl  FifheryjWhere  are  found 
the  cleareft,  biggeftj  and  roundeft  in  all  the  Levant.  The  Air  is  fo 
unwholfom  and  fo  hot,  that  no  Strangers  can  live  there,  unlefs  it 
be  in  December,  January,  and  March  ,•  for  the  Wind  is  fo  fultry  and 
ftifling,  that  it  fufFocates  and  kills  them  prefently^  and  fometimes 
'tis  fo  hot,  that  it  burns  like  Lightning. 

But  at  Bander  Congo  the  Air  is  good,  and  the  Soil  and  the  Water 
excellent  ,•  only  the  PafTage  for  Ships  is  dangerous,  and  therefore 
not  fo  much  traded  to  as  the  other. 

The  City  Camlahur,  is  the  chief  of  one  of  the  conquered  Provin- 
of  Perfia  ,•  Sba  Abbas  left  the  poffeflion  of  tt^to  Sha  Stfi,  in  whofe 


ces 


time  ^//>/;fr^cw;&^«  delivered  it  up  to  i\\e.  Great  Mogul:  But  Sha  Abbas 
the  Second  took  it  in  the  Year  16^0  ,  under  wiiofe  power  it  ftill 


^  v.'jum';.  a  '  4 


remains.  i>  '^-•i^;. *'.:  -■'■  •  <i^, .■^■.:^  ■■:??-•.?  ■.?- 

At  Caramon-Shafhooh,  of  blci  Cwnfiia  ,  was  decided  that  Famous 
Gonteft  for  the  Verfian  Crown  betwixt  Artaxerxes  and  Cyrus»^, 


"•': '  *.''|  )''f 


./!,'•  I 


^n^- 


^■t^j^f /,:::•. 


•^t*. 


^/I^.A^^TSfc.t?/^ 


^  ,^. 


..'"^^wi'V, 


I  I     I       !■■■       I      "■    I 


i^y  V 


:f.'  :: 


■  --  .  ^  « _ . 


'.»^;.'^;;o.4. 


»^; 


■  **'■'** 


J  ^  ...►      .  ■  •  * 

--  -',■-  "■.*■  ■  /      ■  \  ■ ,  ■   -,. 


i-»  ( 


:..t/-^^|^a:;^{/0^.,y;;. 


i,«^iv,  1  ,!f^-.  ij  v.^.i'^,  •>;,' 


,  T1'.'-;--  V 


Of 


\    '    >,i^J^'     " 


■^.•;f'' 


SMI 


or 


"^yj,:- 


407 


'i- 


of  Afiatick  Tartaria. 


-  f^ 


„ ,  if; 


->.^    „,.,-i'„-;  f-, :» «     ■    ^■«>--.')*"-  .^■!^;  r-'v.i  ;,--:;'  ;iU:,- 'v-iii'.»~-   • 


T His  is  the  Vafteft  Region  of  our  Coiitincnt ;  in  Bignefsit  equals 
all  Eftrepe,an^  contains  all  thofe  great  j\nd  fpacious  Provinces, 
which  Uie  Ancients  called  Ssm  ,  Scythia  exm  Immmy  Scythia  intra 


;{.:k?a'Ur:^v«^Ji;   >«   .'}*  ^■^■"'■'    -  -••;■'■- 


Imaum^ 


,  .♦ 


4oS' 


Of  Afiatick  Tart  aria. 


t 


Jmaum^fSuca^Sogdiana,  and  the  greateft  part  ofSarmatia  AJiatka,  ex- 
tending it  felf  the  whole  length  o^  AJia. 

If  we  look  back  to  their  Original^we  fhall  find  that  they  were  of 
all  other^the  mod  Ancient  people^  patient  in  Laboars_,  fierce  in  War, 
and  ftrong  of  Body,-  their  Flocks  and  Herds  their  greateft  Wealthy 
Silver  aiid  Gold  they  contemned  as  much  as  ethers  coveted  it  ^  Meum 
and  TwwWjthofe  common  Barretors  and  Authors  of  Debate_,werc  not 
known  among  them :  And  the  ignorance  of  Vice  did  as  much  con- 
tribute to  their  welfare,  as  the  knowledge  of  Virtue  doth  to  others. 
,     The  firft  grand  attempt  of  thefe  People,  of  which  we  find  any 
mentionjV^as  when  the  Chazari,  or  Choz^ars,  in  the  time  of  the  Em- 
peror Jufiine^  overfpred  all  that  vaft  Continent  between  China  and 
Borlfihene^j  conquered  part  oi India ^  all  Ba&rla,  Sogdlana^  and  made 
the  Perjians  Tributaries,  andpoffeffed  alfo  T^urlca  Cherfonefesy  called 
by  them  CaJJarla,  or  Caz.arla  :  The  refidence  of  rheir  Prirxe  was  a^ 
bout  the  mouth  of  the  ^o/^^,which  the  Tartars  callei  Jthel^  a  large 
City  of  great  trade;  by  NaJJirEddln,  called  Belanjar  ;  and  by  him 
:ina  Ahlfeda  placed,  in  46  Deg.30  Min.  N.  Latitude.which  is  with- 
in a  few  minutes  where  Olearius  makes  Jfiracan,  and  doubtlefs  may 
bathat  which  he  calls  old  Aftracan. 

Thefe  Cbaz>ari  did  continue  till  about  Anno  Chr.  900.  at  which 
time  they  gave  place  to  thcCofnanianSjOrCumantans,  a  7//r^//?j  Nation, 
who  inhabited  all  that  TraA  of  Land  from  the  Nelpcr  unto  Tiirqueftcin ; 
thefe  were  almoft  totally  deftroyed  by  the  Tartars ,  foon  alter  the 
death  o^  Inzis  Chan^  or  Clngls  Chaii^n^  under  the  condud  of  Batu  or 
Bathj,  Nephew  to  Hocata  the  Tartarian  Emperor,  only  the  King  Ktt~ 
then  efcaped  with  40000  men  into  Ht  .^gary  ;w\\q,iq  they  had  a  Coun- 
try allbted  them,  called  to  this  day  Campus  Cumanus. 

Bathy  having  deftroyed  the  Comanlans ,  eftabliflied  his  own  Do- 
*  minions,  and  fixed  his  abode  on  the  Eaft  of  the  River  Volga,  and 
built  a  place,  and  called  it  Serai ,  which  was  a  great  and  populous 
City,  the  Ruins  whereof  are  now  called  Cz^rofsgorod. 

But  when  Tli-wcr/'^WjWho  was  Viceroy  or  General  of  thofe  Coun- 
tries comprehended  between  the  Oa;«j  and  7«x<7>-ff  J,  had  extended  his 
conquefts  towards  BaUh  and  Chorafan  ,  (the  Aria  of  the  Ancients) 
Thiwtamlfcb  then  Emperor  of  5cr^i,  filled  with  jealoufics  of  his  grow- 
ing greatneis,  gathered  a  great  Army  to  invade  him, whom  Tamer- 
Lm  met  on  the  borders  of  his  own  Country,  and  after  a  moft  bloody 
fight  gained  the  Vidoryj  after  which  Succefs  Tamerlan  hosing  fub- 
dued  great  part  of  India ^  Verjia,  Media  Armenia,  Mcfcpotamia,  Babylo- 
nia and  Syria,  refolved  to  requite  the  Invafion  of  ThuHaf.vfh;  where- 
upon with  an  Army  of  yooooo  Men,  he  marched  through  Mtdii, 
.   .  ..,•-..  pafTcd 


i 


!«*fPWW!^"'!'"WSW^!P""'''*P* 


of 


Of  AjtatkkTartarU,  i0A; 

pAlTed  the  Vma  QaUcsfn,  now  (l>€rheif^)y2inA^  ovtT  VctgafHtiA  THiUft 
encountred  with  ThuBami^.  The  Battel  was  long  and  doul»iEfixt| 
three  days  without  intermiflion;  at  laft  Tbu&amtjh  wasde/qitedaJEid* 
fled,  leaving  his  Country  cxpofed  to  the  fury  ot  his  Bnemiet,  wlio 
denioliihed  5er«V,with  other  Cities  on  the  north  and  weft  oftheC<^, 
ffian  Sea ;  and  leaving  the  Country  a  defcrt,  they  returned  into  Per^ 
fta.  After  this  devaftatioii,  thcfs  Tartan y}oy  difconls,  f^ll4ntolcsve~ 
ral  divifions ,  atid  Tamerlan  dying,  his  great  Empire  was  alio  divi« 
ded  amongft  his  Children,*  fo  that  Tartaryvi  now  divided ihtoieve- 
ral  Hords  and  Tribes  ,*  but  the  knowledge  we  have  of  them  is  fi)  lit- 
tle, the  Ata»f  or  dilagreenient  andcpntuiion  of  Authors  that  write 
of  them,  fo  great,  that  I  am  no(  a  little  doubtful  what  to  write  of 
them ,  that  may  be  of  any  certainty  for  the  Readers  (atisfadion ; 
however  in  this  obfcurity  we  ftiall  follow  the  lighrof^e  beft  re- 
pt  v!  Geographers,  and  fay,  that  tht  AJiatkkTartarie  is  divided 
fu;  .;  »e  great  parts.  The  Defert  Tartarhy  Zagathy,  Tar^uefan,  NtT" 
than  Tartaric^  Sin6.  CrimTartarie.        .     ,,;^:-„.,  .  ,..,.;,.,    ;  -     .v.,  ..-I    : 

The  Defitt  Tartarie  is  fo  call'd,  becaufe  moft  part  of  the  lahdfs  He 
undird  ;  for  the  Tartars  are  a  pepple  thsit  hate  Agriculture  ,  and 
laugli  at  Chrlfiians  for  feeding  on  the  Top  of  Reeds,  For  fo  they  call 
our  Oorn:  The  Inhabitants  are  divided  into  feveral  Tribes  or  Hordes, 
of  which  the  more  conliderable  are, i. The  Nejagan  Tartars ^or  great 
Nago^  J  whofe  Country  is  all  plain  and  defert  400  or  ;oo  nules  iii 
length ,  between  Ajlracan  ani  Samara  ,  and  200  niiles  in  breadtk 
from  Aftracan  to  Teike  or  laik  River  ;  it  hath  no  tenced  Towns  or 
Habitations,  though  formerly  thcrc^wci"e  cUvers,  efpedally  that  of 
Cz,arofsgorcf\  frA  to  have  been  20  miles  in  Circuit,  leated  between 
the  River  *  ^{^iiand  JSfahon^in  a  fertile  and  healthtul  Country: And 
JJhaccji  ] !  v:i^-i  on  a  rifmg  ground  not  far  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Volga^  abuL.  r  "^i^es  diftant  from  the  Cajpidn-Sea^  guarded  with  a 
ftrong  Caftle,  j^r^  I  encompaffed  with  Water. 

Thefe  Tartars  are  faid  to  be  more  Tall  and  Proper  than  tlie  reft, 
but  ill  favoured,  broad  Faces,  flat  little;  Nofts,  imall  hollow  Eyes, 
and  of  Blackifli,  or  rather  Tawny  Comple^ivm :  The  heat  of  the 
Sun  for  fome  months  of  the  year  rsmoft  excefUT? ,  and  the  CM^ 
in  the  Winter  po  lefs  extream.  ^ 

Pol^^  'amy  is  mpuch  in  faihion  amoXigft  them,  having  many  Wives 
accor:'  .?;  to  their  ability^  if  one  Brother  die,  the  other  takes  all  his 
Wives :  '>\  i  "'f  -ill  the  brothers  chance  to  die,  then  the  Wives  are  dc- 
volved,like  other  Goods  and  Chaticels,umo  the  Eldeft  Brothers  Son,- 
not  fufff  ring  a  Mijrricd  woman  in  any  wife  to  go  out  of  the  KincVcA. 
':,i  Ggg     .  .     Whea 


P 


/ i .  >^ 


41^  Of  'jfftmck  tartdria. 

-  iN%tn  they  reriiimihtnr  HabitaHiioh^  againft  the 

MMiiftftir  anfd'Wih^r,   they  &rry  their  Houfes  in  Waggons  with 
mur  Wheels  drawn  by  Camels. 

f  'a.'OntheKorth  of  the  great  Nagoy, (^wt\[thQ  Kalmuke  Tartarj, in  a 
Co^inti^  ^bounding  with  all  ^:hings  neceffary  fot  a  comfortable  fub- 
fiftence:^  JThciriihieFCbmptiodities  are  S^es,Martens,Black  Foxes, 
S46grtf/9kirtSjart!dother<i^rs,which  they  exchange  with  the  kuffes 
f6r^<fit/^l^ie^  MeddAhdTdhaec^:  Their  Chief  plaees  are  Siberia ^  the 
hcaiof  a'ProvinttfJ  Hi  alfb  is  Tkmen ;  Cafanahd  Bulgar  are  the  chief 
To^fof  thtZavqthenfe^'y  arid- towards  the  North  liethc  Samoides^SiXX 
fiibjV^Tio'the-i^ij^fji  iiHfc|&ii!'»**«  are  accounted  good  Soldters,and 
theiFWohi^eii  ai'^  Htdfeiriferioir  in  Skill  iiidValor.  They  owrf  no  re- 
ligions worfliip^exceiptfome  ;  ''.  "tioD  to  the  Sun  and  Moorland  for 
their  Diet^Horfe-flem  is  a  greac  y  jand  any  Carrion  is  good  fare. 
.  J.  Kext  to  the  great  ^^^oy,  i  vards  the  Eaft,  is  Cajjacbj  Hor- 
'^ajX)T^Pfild'TJthars,^hom!iTch  up  and' down  the  Country  (which 
is  very  defert)  much  after  the  manner  of  the  Nagoife. 

4.  EaA ward  from  the  ^a^Aw»i&e/,  towards  the  Souths  Hve  the  Tur- 
j^eachians ,  bsinga  numerous  and  warlike  Peaple ,  governed  by  a 
'€blin<>t%Jmg,  .-••■■■  --W  ^"^1^ 

5".  irhe  Caragam  lie  all  along  the  C^0ian-Sea,  between  theiRiver 
^iky  unto  the  River  laxinrter ,  a  delert  and  barren  Country,  the 
J^eople  miferable  poor ,  very  Tawny  and  ill  favoured,  having  no 
*roWn  except  Prefslamiet  on  the  South  fide  of  laxartes. 
.'  Moft  part  of  Defert  Tartaric  is  under  the  Jurildi^ion  of  the  Buke 
*^'Mdf<^iey  and  yields  hhn  great  IVore  of  rich  Furs. 
;  Zagaihy,Sacatby.,TJshtckyOT  O^fhtg,  contains  the  ancient  Mergia»a, 
'^aBrla  Ahk  Sogdiarta  I  Mergiofra'hyVimtws  is  c^}keA  Tremigkin  y  by 
-QafiaU  JffSaJI} :  A-^Cotrntry' lb  ffuitftil  in  Corn  and  Wine ,  that 
'Str'dbd  ffcpoJts,  bow  one  bunch  of  Crapes,  prefcrited  to  Ahxander, 
filled  a  Basket  two  Cubits  about,  which  encouraged  him  to  found 
'that  City  'Jitkxaf^ia ,  aftcrwarcls  AnttciSia  a^nA.  Stlueia  fince  Indian, 


fi^om  bencCj  Nimrod  and  his  Followers  departed  into  the  Vale  Shi- 

»<ir,whkh  lies  between  the  Rivers  of  J^awf-fM^now  Cheftl  and  Oxusy 

\  Coyritry  ofdlff<hjnrioil,  and  indHFerfenr fertile,  but  much  aug- 

Jihentdd;by  the  ihAtmyiA  the  lnhabitants,^hbare  the  mcfl  ingeni- 

'jpus of  tj^€Sfifc^et)^TMrsy I6ve?s of ^Art,and  well skilld  in  Manu- 

taauics  afld  Trade,  ^^hc  City  of  5<wwf/^/i   the  J</«?rwrt^«  of 

-     -     -  ?tol 


Of  ApatickT^rtafia,  ^H 

Ttol.  ParacandajStrah.\9SL&  both  the  Qrad^e  an<^  Grave  to  TanterUn  the 
Great^who  adorned  it  with  SLn.^<;aJef^y^A^  isaili?  kQchjvjhaHrUfi? 
old  BaQra;  before  tliAt^^oroafies  and2or(;/^«a,probably  frij^^n  Zorpafier,, 
their  firft  King^flain  hy  l^ims.  A  Town  of  great  Tracje?^ where  liv&^ 
Avlcen^  one"  of"  the  moft  famous  Philofopers  and  ,Phyiicians  of  thf 
Eaft  f  there  are  alfo  Batch  and  Badafchiati  on  the  Frontiers  O^Chwo- 
z,an.  SogAlana  was  a  Province  fubjed  to  the  Verfians  : ,  Here  CpuL^ 
bijilt  the  old  Cyrofiata  Of  Cyrofolts^  wl^ich  held  out;  a,  long  time,  and, 
was  almoft  fatal  to  the  "great  Macedonian  Conqaeror  ,,  but  by  him^ 
deftroyedin  revenge  of  fo  great  a  danger.  l>Jot  far  from  whicj^ 
that  Infampus^  Regicide  "IB^^j,  after  his  perfidjo^is  dealing  with  his^ 
PrincCj  was  apprehended  and  brought  bound  to  Alexander, yi\ip  ab^ 
horring.his  fight,  ordered  he  fh9iild  be  deliyepd  top^<^w  ;hebrq- 
of  D<ir;'«/1  to.be  difpofed  of  as  he  fliould  think  fit,  Hore  alifc  was 
jkxandria,0¥iapa,  and  Alexandrifi  Ultima,  \.  .^ 

Tarquefian  lies  eaft  from  U>i'ecX,and  is  fubt^ivided  into  (qv^erail  King^ 
doms ;  of  which  the  befl:  known  are  Cafchap^  pr  Hiacha^Ch]aUi.oa 
jUfpbanjCbiartiam,  Gotam.  Thebet^  or  Tetfditc  <..  '  pf^ff^l  C'Tiuitq^faJy 
car^  is  the  richeft,  and  is  well  ftored  witl>;JR%^^^  .Jfjat  of  (^jff?>r/^^;^ 
is  the  leail  and  landy,  but  liathi  luahy  y^a^^rf-i^nik>t)i\Qr  Stoiiej^^  j^i 

Thofe  o^Cotam  and  Chialu  have  Corn,  Wi^^^'Flax  and  Hepip^ 
thebct  or  Tanguth  is  (lored  with  Musk  a^d  Ci^amon^^hofe  Ki^gf 
werq  formerly  called  Un-Chan  or  Prefier  J ol>n'^  a  Tit$^  now  enfpner 
oujly  (ponferredjOi^  th^  -^i^^^fov  ^tbtpfum  Zh^j^tqri  \ti.  Ai^c^yji 
freslfiteii  Jqhn  Ny^SjCliief  of  the  KingdotT^  oi T^mbta  ,,^^i;^.Timg  ^* 
which  the  Tartars  cali  Bata^My  the  S^irazens  Bqrafifiy  fn^'  the 
tivps  LfU'a,  which  is  by  the  confent  of  all  knowiijg  perfons  feata 
'mAfiay  next  to  the  confines  of  the  great  M»gtf/,aniongft  theMoui^- 
'tains.of  C<?«c<«ywj  ^nd  Imaus.  It  was  in  the  year  1 248.  ^jj'hen  K-iiig 
Z.«;'«'Was  in-the  Illand  oiCyfrm  at  Nicojia,  thaf  Ambaltadors  ffqqi 
one  of  tl^e  T^att^vi^n  Princes^  whofe  Name  wsLS.Ercaltbayy  infcrm^ 
jthe.King ,  that  the  Great  Cham  oiTartary  iiad  about  three  ypj^i^ 
before  been  baptized ,  having  been  cop  verted  by  the  j^miprefs  h^s 
Motlier^and  Daughter  of  a  King  of  the  Indians  ^  She  haying  always 
been  a  pbriftian  ^  and  that  their  Malter  Princp  Ercalth^,  who  loaj^ 
alfo,  fgr  ij  Iqng  time  been  a  Chriliian,  was  fent  bj.fhe  Great  C}>atft 
with ,a  potent  Annj  A^JWt^ft  P}9 .^t^Mj-^^.  ^t^^.^'^K^^^^PW  vft^lP 

Chrifiianr,  s,      •  "^h*  i  ^  -""V   «Jj    i^  v  ./ j  jrtt  .l"*        i  |."?-    ,•..«'—»* 

The  Name  o^Vre'sItiter  John  ,'  d'crioteth  fome  Chriftian  Prince  , 
whofe  Uominions  are  piaqed  by  th(?  confent  of  m^lt  knowii^g  Per* 
fons^  not  arapng  the  Eihio^i^ns,  nor  if  ;^j  part  ofAfi-ica^  as^n^jft 
^     '.       ^         .    "        '      <^gg2    '     '  fuppoS?, 


^h- 


mm 


vmm 


■'4i 


^1%  Of  Afiatkk  Turtarra, 

fuj^fej  but  in  the  Continents  ofj/ta ;  but  in  what  pan  formerly 
^  *twa$Js  not  exadly  known.  Some  Authors  fay  they  were  Kings  of 

Cathay y  which  is  doubtful,  becaufe  'tis  now  difcovered  by  modern 

JteUtions  and  Travels  into  thofe  parts ,    that  aH  Cathay  is  but  the 

Northern  part  of  Ci&i»<». 

Bu^  it  is  more  than  probable,  that  befides  that  portion  of  Land^ 

Acre  IS  another  large  part  of  the  World  conterminate  on  the  north. 

^nd  welK  unto  the  Empire  of  CAiw^^which  in  former  Ages  had  the 

Name  of  Cathay ^zn^  is  the  feme  with  that  of  Tbehet, hy  iome  called 

Si^ariar,  &c.  as  aforefaid,  which  clearly  appeareth  by  a  Voyage  of 
two  Fathers  from  China  to  the  Mogor,  who  tell  us  that  at  Bietala^  2 

Caflle  at  the  ^n^oi Banntola^  the  Great  Lama  or  Trkfi  did  then  re- 
fidc,  andgave  an  account  of  their  Chriftian  Religion  :  And  to  me 
il  feems  further  confirmed,  by  a  Journy  made  into  th^Wtfiem  larta- 
rtyAnno  1683.  by  the  Emperor  oiChina  ;  we  have  this  account  of 
fiiofe  People,  In  all  the  Wtfiem  Tartary  there  is  nothing  to  be  bund 

.|biiC  Mountains,  Rocks*and  Vallies  ,•  there  are  neither  Cities,Towns 
or"  yillages,  nor  Houfes.  Th^  Inhabitants  lodge  under  Tents  in  the 
open  Fields,  whkh  they  remove  from  one  Valley  to  another,accor- 
l^dg  as  they  find  paftare.  They  pafs  their  life  either  in  Hunting,or 
jbing  nothing,  as  they  neither  Plow  nor  Sow,  fo  they  make  no 
Hvveft.  lliey  live  upon  Milk,Cheefe  and  Flelh,  and  have  a  fort  of 
Wjnc  not  much  unlike  our  J^na-Vitse,  with  which  they  are  often 
l|ruhk.  In  ^ort,  they  care  for  nothing  from  morning  to  night,  but 
^  dritak  and  eat  like  the  Beads  and  Droves  which  they  feed.  They 
'Mtp  not  without  their  Priefts,  which  they  call  Lamaif.  for  whom  they 
%vc  a  fingular  veneration :  in  which  they  differ  from  the  Oriental 
'artars^  the  mofl  part  of  vmom  have  no  Religion,  nor  dp  Acy  Be- 
ve  any  God.  This  part  of  Tartary  lies  without  the  prodigious 
all  oi  China  for  more  than  Joe  Miles  ,•  of  which  Wall,  faith  our 
•^'udhor.  Lean  fay  without  Hyperbolizing  ,  that  the  Seven  WonJers 

fthe  f^(trU^ut  together,  are  not  comparable  to  this  Work.  And" 
i  that  Fame  has  ipread  concerning  it  among  the  Europeansy  is  far 
jlibrt  of  what  I  my  felf  have  feen.  He  alfo  tells  us,  that  divers  of 
the  Petty  Kings  of  the  fVeftem  Tartary^  came  from  ah  (ides  for  ;oo 
Mties,  and  fomc  for  yoo  Miles,  together  with  their  Wives  and. 
^Children  to  falute  the  JEm^ror.  That  this  Country  is  divided  into 
48  provinces,  and  now  Tributary  to  the  Emperor  ot  China, 

Crim  7^r/4rx,(  which  all  Authors  confound  with  a  nonfuch  Cathay) 
is  divided  into  feveral  pjgts  ,  of  which  I  am  able  to  fay  nothing, 
in  the  way  of  ChorogMpb3(,nor  muchiiiii  Hiitory,  only  I  iind  that 

■        V       ,\  *■  |||£ 


Mf       -^ 


rn 
he 


he 
ed 

■  of 


miiPMWiiip 
/  ,  Of  AfiatickTartarU,  413 

the  King  of  NMamy  or  Nlucbe,  called  Xutubi^  conquered  China  at 
twelve  years  ot  Age,with  the  faithful  afliftance  of  his  two  Uncles^ 
a  youn^  Conqueror,  not -only  famous  for  his  Succefsj  but  alfo  for 
the  Moderation  which  he  ufcd  to  his  newly  fubdued  people.  And 
*tis  certain,  thattheie  Tartars  know  of  no  Cities  or  Towns  beyond 
the  Wail  ol  China ;  therefore  Cathay  can  be  no  other  than  the 
Northern  part  oi  China, and  Cambalu  is  Velun  ,♦  and  ^inzoy  anfwers 
to  Hanchun. 

The  Northern  7drftfr/V,which  is  called  the  True  AncienrT^r/^r/V, 
IS  coldeft,  moft  untilied  ,  moft  barbarous,  (and  moft  unknown  of 
all ;  )  Some  amongft  them  have  their  Kin^s,  others  live  by  Hords, 
or  Commonalties :  as  for  their  Names,  'tis  eafy  to  give  what  Names 
men  pleafe,  in  parts  wholly  unknown.  :  ■-).^ 

But  in  the  Year  1682.  the  Emperor  of  G^iwwmade  a  Voyage  inta 
the  Eaftern  Tartary:  In  this  Journey  (faith  the  Father  Vtrbujt  who 
wa^  the  Publiiher  of  it;  we  always  went  towards  the  Nciih-Eaft, 
from  FeJun,  in  all  1 100  miles  to  the  Province  o\  Ltuc~tum ;  the  way 
being  about  300  miles^  the  Capital  City  whcreol  is  X'mTi.m'm  the 
Latitude  of  41  Degrees  s"6  Minutes  ^a  City  ve  y  air  and  pretty 
intire,  and  has  in  it  the  Remains  of  an  ancient  Paiace  where  was 
no  declination  of  the  MagnetieJk  Needle. 

This  Province  is  abou^  400  miles  from  the  Frontier  to  tlie  City 
Ula  ^  but  all  the  Cities  and  Towns  are  intire  y  ruined,  only,  fome 
few  Houfes  built  ef  Earth,  or  the  Rubbi(h  ot  old  Buildings,  and 
eovercd  with  Thatch  or  Straw;  (       .1  f 

That  all  the  Country  beyond  the  Province  ofLeao^tum  is  exceed- 
ing defert,  where  notning  is  to  be  feen  on  all  fides,  but. Mountains 
said  Vailjes,  Dens  of  Bears,  Tygers,  and  other  devouring  Beafts  ;^ 
here  an^  there  a  poor  Reed-hut  upon  the  fide  ol  fome  Brocks. 

The  City  Uta,  on  the  River  Svngoro  Tart.  Sumhoa-Chin.  lies  in  44. 
Degrees  2oMi)  utes..  The  NeeMt  there  declines  frcm.the  South  to 
Hi^IVefi  I  Degree  20  Minutes^and  is  the  faireft  in  all  this  Country, 
and  fometimes  aiib  the  Seat  oi  the  hmpire  of  the  Tartars. 

But  Kiron  is  about  50  Miles  from  Via  ,  upon  thfc  Kvf^v  SongwOy 
which  takes  its  Courfe  from  the  M^unt  Ckamfe  )  famous  for  having 
been  the  ancient  Seat  of  our  %irtars.  That  the  Mtfiovites  come  of 
tentimes  to  the  River  Smgoro  to  fifti  for  Pearls.  That  the  Diftance 
of  Kiron  from  Xirh-Tam  was.  102 8  Chintfe  Stadia  ,  comsLining  ^6^ 
sniies  ;  the  Chimfi  Stadium  being  360  Geometrical  pnces. 

I  fliall  only  add,that  by  this  ReUtion  it  doth  appear  to  me.that  NmU 
haHfirNiucbt^mw^  be  the  fame  Country  whichis  here  caXXdLeao-tum, 
for  the  Emperor's  defiga  was  to  vifit  the  Sepulehres  of  his  Axiceftors. 


♦,  > «. 


\r.. 


■rS- 


-Af-^  . 


1.     , 


4?    ) 


Of  INDIA 


WH 


"'ii  ' 


^•MI 


V.  - 


J  ■.!■*■>. 


THE  Name  oflmlia  is  now  given  to  die  Empire  of  the  'Mo^ul^ 
to  the  two  TeninfulasfinQ  on  this  llde^  the  other  beyond  G^»- 
ges,  and  the  Iflands  fcattered  in  the  Indian^Sea,  which  are  all  com- 
prehended under  the  General  Name  of  the  £r7^-/«Jw_,  under  which 
Appellation  fome  Authors  do,alfo  take  in  all  the  Oriental4^art  of 
JJia.    The  Old  Inhabitants  hereof  ware  by  Megafihenes  faid  to  be 
122  feveral  Nations ;  originally  defcended  from  the  Sons  ofNoai^ 
before  their  Journey  to  the  Valley  ofShi^taar ;  and  I^fejijin  iaith^that 
the  Plantation  of  InMa  did  piecede  the  attempt  o£ BaUl.  \  Its  firft 
Invafion  was  by  Semiramis,  with  an  Army  of  above  a  MilUons^  i^ 
Ctejias and  DiodorHfSiculusiky  true)  who  was  met  with  oy  Staurobatcs 
an  Indim  King, with  as  great  an  Army^by  whom  fhe  was  overcome 
and  flaift.  The  next  Invafion  .on  this  Country  wa?  by  B^icchusj  the 
■Son  of  y*/>;V«rj  accompanied  with  Herw/wjVvho  by  force  or  by  arts 
overcame  them,  and  taught  them  the  ufe  of  Wine,  Oyi,  and  the 
Art  of  Arohite<5ture.  After  this  Alexander  inVAded  i»^;V/,  beginning 
firft  with  Clopbaej  Queen  o'i  McigazM.     A^ter  with  Porusj  whom  he 
Yanquilhei  and  took  ^  but  giving  them  their  Libgrty  and  Kingdoms 
Again,  he  returned  into  his  own  Country ;,  aiter  this,t|iey  lived  i^^ 
-peace  under  their  feveral  Kings,  until  tjieyear  ifS^^.  when^ilco- 
<vered  by  tlie  JPortugalsj  after  by  the  Englljhj  Dutch^  &c. 


->i<    *»ii 


■A, 


.-■J 


'%P 


mmMm 


.:%■'■ 


npHIS  viftEmpiftt  comprehends  the  greateft  part  of  the  Cbnti- 
'^ JL  nent  of  Ww :  The  prefent  Jkngul^who  i?  the  Sovereign^derives 
hUqii^al  ^om^w^Tfttrnffffgi  oc  TatrnhVi  onici  is  the Xie^^nth 


....^■■^- 


m 


mm 


-•I'? 


_t' 


41^  Of  the  Empire  of  the  Mo^hL 

in  a  diied  Line  defcendant  fiom  Him  5  there  arc  feveral  hiJian 
Kingdoms,  tributary  to  him,  and  he  is  elkemed  the  richeft  Prince 
in  the  world,  And  the  moft  potent  Monarch  di  all  ',^fia^ 

The  Territories  of  his  Country  being  his  own  Hereditary  Reve- 
nues, the  great  Lords  a'e  but  his  Receivers,who  give  an  account  to 
Governors  of  tlie  Provinces,  and  they  to  the  chief  Treafurers  and 
Comptrollers  of  the  Exchequer.  He  is  alfo  the  general  Heir  to  all 
thofe  to  whom  he  gives  Penfichs,  and  his  Will  is  a  Law  in  the  de- 
cifion  of  his  Subjedls  Affairs ,  and  therefore  they  carry  the  Names 
of  their  Employments,  and  not  of  the  Lands  which  they  enjoy. 

Sba  Jeban,  who  Reigned  Forty  years  ,  left  behind  him  about  j: 
Millions,  and  the  Throne  that  he  made  coft  an  160  Millions,  and 
5-00000  Livers ;  beMdes  fix  other  Thrones  fet  all  over  with  Dia- 
monds, Rubies,  Emeralds,  and  Pearls :  Tefie  Tav. 

The  Money  of  this  Kingdom  is  of  a  good  Alloy :  The  Mogul  vi 
able  to  bring  1 00000  Horfe  in  the  Field,  but  his  Infantry  is  very 
inconfiderable,  either  for  Number  or  Experience.  He  has  a  good 
number  of  £lephants,which  do  hiin  great  fervicc;  for  they  are  fure 
of  foot,  and  lie  down  and  rife  up  very  readiiy.  The  King  is  aT^ri^- 
i}a  MahumttaHy  neverthelefs  the  moft  part  of  his  Vaflals  are  Pagans  : 
But  as  there  are^  feveral  forts  of  People,  fo  likewife  there  are  divers 
forts  of  Religions  amongft  them ,  which  I  (hall  briefly  mention  at 
the  end  of  the  defcription  of  the  Eafi^ndies. 

The  Moguls  Country  is  very  fertile  and  well  peopled  near  the 
great  Rivers.  They  make  excellent  Bread,  having  Corn  and  Rice 
in  abundance :  Vidtuals,  in  general  are  ver^  cheap,  however  the  In- 
habitants are  very  temperate  and  fober.  The  neighbouring  Coun- 
try to  Tartar^  is  full  of  Mountains  and  Forefts,where  the  Moguloft^ 
times  takes  his  pleafure  in  Hunting,  there  being  great  abundance 
and  variety  qf  wild  Beafts ;  And  there  it  was  that  Alexander c\xt  down 
the  Wood  for  the  Ships  which  he  fent  down  the  Ww/  into  the  Oce- 
an. As  for  Remains  of  Antiquity  there  are  few  or  none,  the  Mo- 
gtds  having  ruined  all  the  ancient  Cities,  which  (according  to  the 
Ancients)  were  30  large  Cities,  ;ooo  walled  Towns  and  Caftles, 
for  natural  Defence  reckoned  impregnable,  which  may  not  be  im- 
probable, if  it  were,  as  fome  affirm,  the  firft  Seminary  or  Station  of 
i^oah  ;  after  His  defcent  from  Ararat,  not  far  hence  diftant,  and  af^ 
terward  the  delight  of  Bacchus ^wixich,  fome  think  was  the  fame  with 
N9ab  •  and  from  the  wonderful  encreafe  of  People^  which  appears 
by  that  huge  Army  Staurobates  drew  out  in  his  defence  againft  ^e- 
miramis  the  AJfjrian  £mpre6,  both  Armies  containing  3  Millions. 

And 


'  '.  Of  the  Empire  of  the  Mogul  417 

And  fo  well  builded  and  planted  was  this  part  oihdia,  that  when 
^Alexander y  by  the  overthrow  of  Vorus  near  the  River  Hjdajpis^  en- 
tered Indta,Herodotus  and  Curtius  report, that  Alexander  Ihouid  fay. 
He  found  greater  Cities  and  more  fumptuous  Buildings  in  King  Porus'/ 
Dominions  J  than  he  had  ohferved  in  all  the  World  befides. 

Indus  is  Navigable  from  Labor  to  Sende  •  the  Natives  call'd  it 
Tang-ahy  by  reaion  of  the  five  Rivers  that  fall  into  it  toward  the  up- 
per part  ot  its  Courfe, which  are  now  called  Rauee^  Bebat,  Niladan, 
Couly  and  Send'y  by  Vtol.  Aceftnes,  CophjfSy  Hjdaj/>isy  Zaradas  and 
Nivalis. 

Gangeswas  Formerly  famous  for  its  Gold^now  for  its  Water,  which 
is  very  pure.  The  Natives  hold,  that  it  fandifies  them,whether  the  j 
drink,  or  whether  they  bathe  in  it.  , 

There  are  in  the  whole  Empire  about  57  Kingdoms,  the  Names 
whereof  are  almoft  the  fame  with  thofe  of  the  Capital  Cities,  w'ss. 
^  Agra,  Attack,  Bakar,  Bakifch,  Bando,  Ben^ala,  Berar,  Buchar,  Cabul^ 
KakareSj  Candahor,  Candis,  Kanduana,  CaJJmere,  Cbitor,Delli,  Gor,  Gu- 
x>arate,Haiacan,  Jamba,  yenufar,Jejfelmere,Jefual,  Maluay,  Mevat^ 
Multan,  Narva,  Naugramt,  Patna,  Pengab,  Pitan,  Sambal,  Siba, 
Soret,  Tatta,  UdeJJa.  Tefte  Thev. 

There  arc  alfo  fome  petty  Territories,  as  the  Raja's,  which  are  &£ 
very  ancient  Extra<ftion,and  maintain  themfel  ves  in  Mountains  and 
FortrelTes  that  Are  inacceflible.  Some  of  their  Cities,thattei'minat© 
in  Pore,  feem  to  retain  the  memory  oi'Porus;  as  others  by  i?<r<j(«</«rj 
the  Name  of  Alexander,  The  Dominions  of  the  great  Mogul  arc 
larger  than  the  Perfians,  and  equal  to  thofe  of  the  great  Turk.  His 
ftrength  lies  in  the  Number  of  his  Subjedls,  the  Vaftnefs  of  his 
Wealth,  and  the  Extent  of  his  Empire,  his  Revenue  exceeding  the 
Perfian  and  the  Turks  both  put  together ;  but  the  So^hi  furpaffes  him 
in  Horfe,  in  Arms,  and  warlike  People,*  And  with  the  7i<ri&  he 
keeps  a  good  Correfpondence,as  being  both  of  the  fame  Religion, 
Guz,erat  yields  him  yearly  above  1 8  Millions  of  Gold,  and  the  Mer- 
chants of  that  Country  are  accounted  thebeft  in  a\\  India.  It  con- 
tains 3  fair  Cities.  Amadabat,  Cambaja,  and  Surat^  with  about  30 
others  very  confiderable.  ,V  i 

Amadabat,  Amacafiis  Ttol.  te fie  Herb.  Amadavifiis  \nArrian,i3nQ  of 
the  greateft  Cities  in  India,  and  of  a  vaft  Trade.  The  Buzzar  is 
Rich  and  Uniform  ,•  The  Qaftle  Strong,  larg^  Moated ;  The  Mau- 
foleum  Stately,  compafTed  at  a  little  dittance,  with  the  Dormito- 
ries of  many  Cambayan  Potentates  ,•  and  two  Miles  off,  are  the 
curious  Gardens  and  Palace  o( Chawn-channa  a  Perjan,     '-  „/^^i'-    • 


'.^^ffl^  : 


4iS 


Of  the  Empire  of  the  Mogul 


?VV^i 


i'f 


-  Carkhaja^  Cammane  Nigra.  Barigaz.a,  tefie  Baud.  Syrafienty  tefte  Sttt- 
tkioyWSiS  ciiU'd  the  Indian  Cairtjas  well  tor  its  Grcatnefs,  as  alfo  for 
its  Traffick,  and  the  Fertility  of  the  Soil.  Here  they  fhape  the  fair 
j^gats  that  come  from  the  Indies  into  feveral  foi  ts  of  Workmanftiip, 
and  in  the  Suburbs  they  make  Indico.  The  Tides  are  fo  fvvift  to  the 
North  of  the  Guifi  that  a  Horfe  at  full  Speed  cannot  keep  pace 
with  the  firft  Wave.  The  Streets  were  formerly  lock'd  up  every 
Night,  but  the  Sea  and  its  Trade  is  fallen  away  from  it.  •  v 

Suratj  the  Muzjiris  oi'Ptol.  Herb.  Siraftia,  SanJ.  about  40  days  Jour- 
ny  from  ^gra,  drives  as  great  a  Trade  as  any  of  the  Cities  oi  y^Jta, 
though  the  Accefs  to  it  be  very  dangerous ;  and  the  River  T^/ppy  or 
Trndy,  which  rifing  out  of  the  Decan  Mountains,  glides  through 
Brampore, and  in  Meanders  runs  by  the  Walls  ofSurat,  and  after  14 
or  If  Miles  circumgyring  toand  fro,difcharges  itfeh  into  the  O- 
cean,  fo  fliallow  at  the  Mouth,  that  it  will  hardly  bear  a  Bark  of 
70  or  80  Tuns,  fo  that  the  Ships  are  forced  to  unlade  at  Soali  or 
Swali,  remarkable  for  the  mifchance  of  Capt.  Woodcocky  who,  at 
the  taking  of  Ormusy  had  lighted  upon  a  Frigat  laden  with  a- 
bout  a  Million  of  Ryals,  which  he  fcized,  and  coming  into  this 
Swali  Road,  the  TVbalc  funk.  Alas !  the  uncertainty  of  fading  Pelf. 
The  Englijh  and  Dutch  have  there  their  Prefidents  and  Fadories , 
making  it  the  greateft  Mart  in  the  Eafi-Indies. 

Baroche  is  of  a  great  Trade  for  Cottons,  the  Englijh  have  a  very 
fair  Houfe  there,  not  far  from  which  place  Tavernier  tells  us  That 
$fa  dry  fiicky  a  Mountebank  in  lefs  than  half  an  hour  made  a  Tree  four 
tr  five  foot  higby  that  did  bear  Leaves  and  Ffowers. 

Broudra  is  a  great  City,  in  a  fertile  Soil,  and  of  a  great  Trade 
for  CalicKts, 

At  Navapour  near  Surat,  grows  the  beft  Rice  in  the  World. 
'  The  fatnous  Port  of  Bombay  y  the  MilizJgeris  ofPtol.  belongs  to  the 
King  ofEnglandy  where  is  built  a  ftrong  Fort,and  Mohy  is  coined 
there. 

The  Tortugals  have  had  frequent  Quarrels  with  the  Mogul  about 
their  Fortress  of  D;i*,  the  ?atala  ofPtol.  tefte  Nig.  &  Pinet.  Patalena 
&  Hidafpa  Plin.  &  Strab.  Petacal.  Caftaldoy  Bar^e  oiPtol.  Adriano. 
Here  aiter  Alexander  had  failed  down  the  Indus y  and  arrived  at  this 
place,  he  invaded  the  Country  of  the  Oxydrachansy  and  ftormed  the 
principal  place  o^^dr^Malliansy  where  temerarioufly  mounting  the 
Parapet,  and  violently  leaping  into  the  Town,  followed  but  oy  2 
Officers,  he  had  periihed  by  the  Darts  and  Weapons  of  his  Ene- 
mies, had  not;  the  Army,  as  men  defperate,  in  his  Refcue,  enfor- 
ced their  fpeedy  Entrane**  This- 


'!"■'• 


,_*,*  Vi  *X;... 


.-.f»;^v 


'  6f  the  Empire  of  the  Mogtd,  '    -      $t4 

•this  Iftandis  about  a  League  long,and  four  Mufquet-fliot  broad: 
the  Haven  is  barred  with  an  Iron  Chain,being  under  the  command 
of  the  Cannon  of  the  Caftle.  It  was  Nobly  defended  in  the  years 
1^39.  and  1^46.  againft  prodigious  Armies  j  fo  that  the  Mogul  was 
forced  to  let  them  fettle  there  to  his  extreme  diffatifadion  ,•  But' 
the  laft  Relations  from  thofe  parts  bring  News,  that  the  Tmugah 
have  been  at  length  conftrain  a  to  abandon  it. 

JgraWASoi  old  (as  fome  tell  us,)  caWqA  Negara,  before  that, 
Dmiyjiofolis,  founded  by  Bacchus.  NiJJ'a  Jujt'im^  vide  Hacluyt  foL 
489.  It  contains  the  Capital  City  of  the  Empire,  able  to  raifc 
200000  fighting  men  upon  occafion.  The  Prince  receives  a  great 
Revenue  for  about  too  Stows  that  are  therein.  It  is  twice  as  big 
as  IJpahan,  but  ill  built,  and  without  Walls;  and  has  been  enlarged 
fmce  1 5'66.  when  Eckbar  refided  there,  and  having  built  a  ftately 
Caftle  or  Palace,  gave  it  the  Name  of  Ecbar-Jbad.  Deli  or  Delhy^ 
was  the  Refidence  of  the  Mogul  before  j^graj  and  fo  continues,  fince  - 
Sha  Jehan  had  built  the  New  City  a"nd  called  it  by  his  Name  Jehan 
Abad,  or  Gehanabat,  where  the  Mogul  hath  a  ftately  palace  half  a 
League  in  Circuit.  Gouleor  is  a  Caftle  where  the  Mo^jI  imprifons 
f'     Princes  of  the  Blood  that  he  fufpe<5ls. 

hor  is  the  Metropolis  of  that  Kingdom,  built  upon  one  of  the 
hve  Rivers  that  defcend  from  the  Mountains  to  fwell  the  River /«- 
dus.  It  is  the  Rendezvous  of  the  Caravans,  and  was  the  ancient 
Bucephalus,  and  has  been  by  report,  24  Leagues  in  Compafs.  Nau- 
gracut  fliews  an  Idol,  to  which  many  come  in  Pilgrimage.        " ;  .• 

Fettlpore,  if  the  Water  had  been  good,  by  this  time  had  triumph- 
ed over  all  the  Cities  in  India. 

Bamaras,  on  the  Banks  ofGavges,  is  full  of  mifliapen  Pagods, 

Cabulj  the  Chabura  of  Ttol.  by  fome  thought  to  be  the  Akxan- 
dria  Arachofia  which  the  Macedonian  built  near  the  Mount  Caucafus^ 
whofe  City  bears  the  fame  Name,  is  large  and  well  fortified;  ot" 
great  Trade  for  Horfes,  Sheep,  and  other  Cattle,  and  is  in  tli§ 
gVQUt'KoSiA  ^lom  Lahor  to  Samarcand.,  "' 

Mando  is  one  of  the  faireft  Towns  of  the  Province  of  Maha., 
fortified  with  Walls  and  a  Caftle  on  the  top  of  a  Hill.  - 

Siranaker  is  the  chief  City  o^Caffmere.  '   '     . 

Multan  is  of  a  rich  Soil,    and  great  Trade  for  Callicoes,  but  dc-    ' 
cayed. 

Attoky  or  AtekTau,  is  one  of  the  beft  and  ftrongeft  Garifons  the   V 

'  -^'  0  Hhhi  -       great 


.  r 


■••i 


I 
I 


% 


'mi 


410  Of  the  Umpire  of  the  Mogul   ' 

great  Maj^ul  has,  and  no  Stranger  is  permitted  to  enter  wichottt  the 
King's  Palbort.  ■  " '  -f^  '  '     '■  ^)y  < 

Buckar  ttands  where  the  Rivers  Rawey  and  ChaulisM  into  the  /»- 
4us.  Lourebander  and  Diul  are  the  Ports  to  Tetta.  Jannagar  is  the 
^hief  City  of  iSe^wC*,  Beijher  o{  Bankijhj  Dankalttj  of  Kakares,  Hard- 
ware  of  Siha,  Jamku  gives  Name  to  its  Province ,  as  alfo  doth 
Samhal. 

Bikanar  is  chief  of  Bakar^  and  Narual  that  of  Meuat.  Titan  and 
Tatna  gives  Name  to  their  refpeAive  Provinces;  between  the  King- 
doms of  Cambaya  and  Bengala  are  the  provinces  of  Candis,  Cfiitor, 
Maiueyy  Berar,  and  Ranas^  whofe  chief  places  are  Brupfpre^  Chitor^ 
Ranihore,  Shapor,  the  Sora  ofPtol.  by  Baud  and  Gurchitto.  J eJJ'elmere  is. 
the  City  where  Ekbar  was  born.  Afmere  is  famous  for  the  Sepulchre. 
of  Hogl.  Hendovn,  Bande  and  Janupar^  are  three  Provinces  near  A-- 
gra  and  DeJli.     Rotas  is  one  of  the  ftrongeft  places  m  AJia. 

Brampre,  Baramatis  Ttol.  is  a  great  City,  but  much  ruined,  with. 
a  Caftle  in  the  midft  of  it;  pf  a  great  Trade  for  Calicut s,  fome 
painted  with  Flowers  of  divers  Colours,  others  white  and  cl^Jar, 
and  fome  ftriped  with  Gold  and  Silver. 

Chytor  is  a  City  upon  a  high  Rock,  claiming  Precedency  for  An- 
tiquity amongft  all  the  Cities  of  India*  of  ola  Taxilla,  fuppofed  to 
be  the  Metropolis,  whence  King  Torus  iffued  againft  great  Alexan^ 
dt/.  After  which  Battel,  Alexander  celeLrated  the  Bacchanalia  at 
the  Mornt  Mxresy  and  for  1 5:  days  glutted  his  Army  with  thofe 
myftick  >  opperies,  and  conftitutedi  his  Argirajpides.  And  at  NyJJ'a^ 
built  by  Bacchus  upon  the  Bank  of  the//>'rf<7j^;j,a  Branch  or  the  Ri- 
ver hdusy  Alex.%nder  repofed,  famous  in  thofe  days  for  the  Sacrcu 
Mount,  and  incomparable  Vines  there  abounding,  which  fome 
think  to  be  the  firft  Plantation  of  the  Patriarch  Noah. 

Scrcttgf  and  Chit  pour  are  of  great  Tade  fur  painted  Callicuts,  cal- 
led Chites I  i\\ofc.  of  Serongs  are  the  molt  lively  Colours,  and 
lafting. 

HfUabas,  or  Elabn£ej  the  Chryfiborca  in  Tlin.  by  fome  Nifua  tefte 
Herb,  is  a  great  City  upon  the  confluence  of  Jeminy  and  Ganges, 
which  River  there,  is  no  broader  :han  the  Seine  before  the  Loure  ,• 
and  at  fome  times  in  the  year  fo  little  Water,  that  it  will  not  bear  a 
Imall  Boat;  much  retorted  to  by  the  Bavnyans,  for  the  Relicks  of 
di\  ers  deformed  Tagothias.  Thefe  Bannyans  fwarm  in  multitudes  all 
over  the  2»^;w,  fucking  in  the  fweenefs  of  Gain  by  an  immeafurable 
thirlt  and  indullry :  But  the  Moors  and  Gentiles  often  ravifh  it  from 
.«l?$Pj  for  the  Bannyan'^  no  Hedtor  nor  Fighter,   but  morally 

honefl:, 

■*''>■  .  ■  ,  ■ 


]he 

\rJ. 
)th 

ind" 
ing- 
ftor, 

ihre. 
A- 


4r 


.  Y      W^^^  Empire  of  the  Mogul.  ^n 

i  oneft,  courteous  in  Behaviour,  temperate  in  Paffion,  decent  in  Apr 
parel,  abftemious  in  their  Diet,  induftrious  in  their  Callings,  chari- 
table to  the  needy,  humble  to  all,  and  fo  innocent,  as  not  to  take 
away  the  Life,  of  the  fmalleft  Vermin,  believing  the  Tranlknimati- 
on  of  Souls  into  Be^fts,*  a  Perfwafion  though  ftrange  to  us,  was 
not  to  our  Countrymen  the  Druida  of  old. 

Elora,  not  much  above  three  hours  from  Dolta  had /is  famous  for  the 
many  Pagods  of  Gigantick  Figures  of  men  and  women  cut  in  the 
Rock,  fo  that  if  one  confiders  the  number  of  fpacious  Temples  full 
of  Pillars  and  Pilafters,  and  the  many  Thoufinds  of  f  igiiresj  all 
cut  out  of  a  Natural  Rock,  it  may  be  truly,  faid.  That  they  are  Works 
furpajfing  Human  Force.  \     ... 

The  River  G^tngss  having  received  an  infinite  number  of  Brooks, 
imd  Rivers  from  the  North-Eaft  and  Weft,  difcharges  it  felf  by  feve^ 
ral  Mouths  into  the  Gulph  ofBengala,   making  feveral  pleafant- 
Iflands,  containing  many  Towns  covered  with  lovely  J»</i^»  Trees. 

Patna  is  one  of  the  greateft  Cities  of  India  upon  the  Banks  of 
Gargei,  about  two  Leagues  long,  where  the  Hollanders  have  a  Houfe, 
becaufe  of  their  Trade  in  Salt-petre... 

Di*ca  is  a.great  Towji,    about  two  Leagues  long  by  the  fide  of 
Ganges ,  where  the  EngUfn  and  Hollanders  have  very  jfair  Houfes  for 
their  Goods  and  Trade,  reckoned  the  Capital  City  oi  hengala. 

At  Ouguely  IS  he  general  Fa<5tory  of  the  I>«fc/&,  and.at  Cajfen  Sa- 
fer isihe  Houfe  of  the  Dire<5tor  of  all  the  Holland'EsL^ones  in  Bengala, 
'Kacien?irey  Cachmif.  and  Kicbnfir.Thev.is  efteemedthelittlft  Paradife 
oi India ^  by  reafon  of  its  Beauty.  At  Bannereus  upon  the  Blinks  of 
Ganges  una  Jaganate,  iipon  the  mouth  of  it,  are  the  chief  Pagods, , 
than  which  nothing  can  be  more  magnificent,  by  reafon  of  the  quan- 
tity f  Gold  and  Jewels  wherewith  they  were  adorned,  and  milli- 
ons of  People  repair  thither  to  celebrate  their  Feftivals. 

BenraLy  famous  for  its  temperate  Air,  for  the  Fertility  of  the 
Soil,    for  the  great  ftore  of  Rice^   for  its  Cane  or  Bamboos,    and  its 
Calamha  Wood,  which  yields  the  moft  pleafant  fcent  in  the  Worldi. 
It  gives  its  Name  to  one  of  the  moft  famous  Gulphs  oi  Afia,  called 
Golfo  di  Bengal'.,   the  Sims  Gangeticm  ofPtol:     Its  V'^arly  Revenue 
paid  to  the  Mogul,  comes  to  a  Million  and  fooooo  iloupics  cIgat  ;  tlie 
chief  City  thereof  is  Bengala,  by  fome  Satigan.  Gange  Vtol.  Ganges  Stra- 
ho.Tbevenot  calls  thi^  Province  Oulejfer ;.  the  Idolaters,  Jaganat. 
Befides  thefe  Countries,  I  find  mention  made  by  Mr.  Tavernierj 
I.  Of  the  Kingdom  of  ^wro»,  of  a  large  Extent,  famous  for 
Mmk^Rhubarb,WoYmfted,3^^  FKr/^and  the. Caravan  is  three  months.. 


'A 


.v,rf? 


*^'{?- 


4^*  Of  the  Empire  (f  the  Mogttt. 

travelling  from  Taina  to  Boutan,  the  way  being  generally  through 
Forefts,  and  over  Mountains,  which  after  you  have  paffed,  the 
Country  is  good,  abounding  in  Rice,  Pulfe  and  PTme.  They  have 
had  for  a  long  time  the  ufe  of  Mufquets  and  Cannon,  and  their 
Gun-powder  is  long  but  of  great  Force:  The  Natives  are  ftrong 
and  well  proportioned ,  but  their  Nofes  and  Faces  are  fomewhat 
flat,*  and  there  is  no  King  in  the  world  more  feared  and  more 
re(pe<aed  than  the  King  of  Boutan. 

2.  Of  the  Kingdom  oiTitra  adjoining  to  "Pegu,  of  whofe  extent 
there  is  no  certain  Conjediure  to  be  made  j  there  is  a  Mine  of 
Gold,  but  courfe,  as  alfo  a  fort  of  courfe  Silk,  which  is  the  great- 
eft  Revenue  the  King  hath. 

3.  Of  the  Kingdom  oi  Afem,  which  is  one  of  the  beft  Countries 
in  all  JJia,  producing  all  things  neceffary  for  human  fuftenance, 
yet  Dogsflejh  is  the  greateft  delicacy ^  there  are  Mines  of  Gold,  Silver, 
Lead,  Iron,  and  ftore  oiSilk  and  Gumlakel  Kenerof  is  the  Name  of 
the  City  where  the  King  keeps  his  Court  ,•  and  At  Az,o  are  the 
Tombs  of  the  Kings  oi'Jfem;  and  'tis  thought  that  thefe  were  the 
firft  Inventors  of  Guns  and  Powder,  which  from  thence  Ipread  into 
Cblna.  They  have  Vines ,  but  make  no  Wine ,  but  dry  their 
Grapes  to  make  Aquavit  a  ,•  and  of  the  Leaves  of  Adams  Fig  tree 
they  make  Salt.  The  Men  and  Women  are  generally  well  com^- 
plexioned,  but  fwarthy,  fubjed:  to  Wens  in  their  Throats,  as  well 
as  thofe  qf  Bouton  and  Tipra.  They  go  Naked,  only  covering  their 
•Privy  Parts  ,•  and  a  Blue  Bonnet  cr  Cap  upon  their  Heads,  with 
Bracelets  upon  their  Ears,  Arms  and  Legs. 


v^vJ  iu: 


i  rrr,:) 


■•v  r:- 


The 


v^^-  :A'^i-'i;    ^^---^jv,)** 


'  .v 


ct'!.  ;vr3 


tU- 


The  P  E 14'  i  N  s?lI%^^'^- %  :^^^. 
.0«  r/?/j  Jide  GJNGE  5:.  l;g:^:^ 


J 


■i  •  ^ 


;\  <.'    ■•>. 


,.u^«- 


on  mi  J  J  'ttie 
Caheer .  . 


>/>c 


yHtmhay^ 


t^~'^ —    f'*'- 7>d^aty  )       JU^n^M- 


f-TM'   .. 


fZ-o/x. 


^fPentapoK  \ 


^l' 


Satitula 


LS-^Harta. 


^.TTiaiiMJ  or ^■tcHitrx"'         _ 


I.  Preparat.T^ 

Coces  J.  ,^ip 


I 


^ 


jtnar  , I 

TatttxpAtan 


Catumar 


■^  Cffula 


i    I.d.Jlan. 

TA^tidantfii 

X.Carmatt 

ZSaZa. 

Semhera.  , 
JtTatnur 


I  CidJUtcl 

Z  Rays 

J.  Caiezes , 
J.TorrtFafy 

Crara. 


Cantuda. 


aticatc 


Conoid's. 


^^fcfc.  Lonolt 


^&.Ba^ens 


^'^'^eTJi 


'"•OAiL, 


U 


"-IW-.iJPu— ■ 


THisTeninfuIa  is  comprehended  between  theMouths  of  I»^«i  and 
G</wgw,  and  advances  Northwards  from  the  Eftate  of  the  Mo- 
?«/  to  Cape  Cormorm  in  the  South ,  and  on  th«  Eaft  and  W«ft  it  i« 
*  ^  •     waflied. 


X 


X 


s 


'^i%       :r      TljeTenhfula  on  this  fide  Oattges,  ' 

walliecl  bylhc  Ocean  or  Indian  Sea.  It  is  divided  into  tv/o  parts 
by  the  Mountains  of  G<zf/»,  which  ftretch  themfelves  from  the  North 
to  the  South  with  feveral  fair  Plains  on  the  top,  and  occafion  feve- 
ral  feafons  at  the  lame  time ;  for  many  times  it  is  Winter-  on  the 
one  fide  ,  and  Summer  on  the  other.  It  belongs  to  above  fifty 
Xings  the  potenteft  of  which  by  degrees  fiibdueth  the  reft.  The 
Tortugals,  -Englijlj,  and  Hollanders^  have  feveral  places  near  the.  Sea, 
Fortrefles  for  the  fecurity  of  their  Trade ,  which  is  generally  in 
Spices  J  Jewels  J  Pearls  And  Cotten-Linnen.  The  other  places  upon  the 
Land  are  inhabited  by  the  Natives ,  whofe  Petty  Sovereigns  net 
ibeing  able  to  hinder  the  Settlement  of  tlie  Europeans ,  are  glad  to 
•entertain  Commerce  with  them ,  and  to  crave  their  Affiftance  in 
their  Wars  one  with  another.  This  Teninfula  may  be  divided  into 
four  principal  parts:  Decan^Golconda,  Narfinga,  and.  Malabar. 

Dw<T»,  acknowledges  Vifapour  ^^  Mufopatta,  Baud.  Fiziapour,  ThexK 
for  her  Capital  City,  which  is  large,  but  fcambling,-  the  King's  Pa- 
^lace  is  vaftly  big,  but  ill 'built,  the  feat  oildalcan,  or  Diakan,  a  Ma- 
hometan King,  once  very  powerful  ^  He  took  Dabul  from  the  Vortu- 
als.  befieged  Chaul  and  Goa,  leading  his  Army,  near  twohun- 
red  thoufand  men,  well  provided  with  Ammunition,  his  Artillery 
great,  having,  as  'tis  faid,  one  perticular  Cannon  that  will  carry  a 
Bullet  of  near  eight  hundred  pound  weight,*  once  Tributary  to  the 
Mogul,  but  now  ah{o\ute,Ta'v.  who  has  won  from  him  Dultabat,  of 
Hi  great  Trade,  and  one  of  the  beft  Fortrefles  in  the  Moguls  Empire; 
Bider,  Paranda,  and  other  places,  and  built  the  great  and  new  City 
oC  Aureng-abad,  encompaffed  with  a  I,ake,  and  adorned  with  a  fair 
Mofque  and  ftateiy  Monumciit. 

Goaj  the  Barigaz^a  of  oU^  is  the  rcndcnce  of  the  Pom^g-*?/ Viceroy 
.and  the  King  of  Portug<A\  M;a:>^zine  lor  the  Ea(i-Indiesj  and  Har- 
bour for  their  Indian  Fleet :  Tis  reported,  thar  the  Hofpital  o^Goa  is 
more  Beautiful^  Richer,  and  better  accommodated  than  the  Hofpital 
of  the  Holy-.Ghcft  in  Rowe,  or  the  inftTiiicy  ci  Maltha:  The  Ci- 
ty is  very  large,-  and  though  without  Gates  and  Walls,  yet  with  its 
Caftles  and  Forts  'tis  of  great  flrcn^-^tii  and  force:  Their  Houfes 
fair,  their  Palaces  and  pubiick  Biiiidin;...  very  Magnificent  their 
Churches  ftatcly,ind  richly  adorned.  Her  Strength  and  Beauty  took 
rife  from  the  Deem  Kinr,s,  from  whon:  yjnno  1 709  yilbumtrqife  the 
ViAorious  2^om<'^^'^' conquered  it,  and  alter  that  derended  i  againft 
70000,  Foot  and  ;yoo  Horlc,  which  Uulcan  broueht  to  reduce  it 
with.  'Tis  the  bravcfl  and  beft  defended  City  in  the  Orie-nt  Icatcd 
in  an  Ifie  ciUed  Tilfoar,  30  miles  in  Circuit,  "liirrounded  by  a  frelli 
b-  River, 


■.'  .iv« 


,tV- 


Sea, 
fyin 

the 

net 

M  to 


The  PiHtnfikbnthii  f^Gan^s.  41^ 

River,  flireaming  from  the  mighty  MoHmain  Bettaguate:  The  whole 
Ifle  fo  abounding  in  feveral  little  Towns,  Fields,  Groves  and  Gar- 
dens, reple^iflied  With  Grafs,  Com,Cattel,  Fruit,  Flowers,  and  fuch 
felf-ravilhing  Objeds,  that  here  the  Portitga/s  Uve  in  all  manner  of 
delight  and  ;>'eature,  exceeding  Proud  and  Stately,  but  Civil  and 
Courteous,'  both  Sexes  given  to  Venery,  and  the  Women  exceffively 
amorous  of  White  men,  but  much  confined.  The  King  of  Vifapmr 
hath  four  good  Ports  in  this  Deem  Territory,  Rejapour,  Dabul,  Duvga 
of  old,  firft  yielded  to  the  Mercy  o^Andtaglus  GoMQrnoMt  of  Chatd  bi:t 
loon  taken  by  the  Decannees'  but  recover  d  from  them  by  F.  Alniyd^)* 
and  after  great  Slaughter  of  the  ^  ^habitants  and  Rich  Spoil,  buKr  j 
the  City,  repaired  afterward  by  tl  :  Vice-Roy  of  Go^ ;  About  the  yejr 
16.20  taken  by  ah  Engliji}  Captain,  ('H/ji/j  who  made  the  Daring  Per- 
/w^^/know,  that  their  Bravadoes  to  the  Englijh  were  not  terrible.   > 
y'.ChoHli  the  Comane  qfVtol.tefie  Cafi.  ravijhed  from  the  Diadem  of 
Pecan  by  Almeyda  in  the  year  1 507.  And  in  the  year  1 5-7  j  it  was 
befieged  by  Mifamolucy  the  Decan  Prince,  with  a  numerous  Army 
ofHorfe,  Foot  and  Elephants  j    but  he   was  forced  to  raife  his 
Siege  v^ith  I.ofs  and  Shame. 

CafratanznA  Mengrelia,  which  laft  is  one  of  the  beft  Roads  in  all 
hdk,  -ind  is  famous  tor  Cardamum,  the  beft  oi  Slices;  and  the  Dutch 
have  a  Fa^ory  there.       .  .  ;<.  :v,^.  ,;  ./  vj-  ,     /         ■.;;;'-.        ,1 


;';     The  Hiftoty  of  SeVa^  TaV.  Siva^i  TheV.     - ; , 

THe  Plundering  of  Surrat  by  Sivagi,  and  the  defperate  Attacks 
made  upon  fome  of  our  Eafi-hdia  Ships,  elpecially  that  of  the 
Prefident,  Captain  Jonathan  Hide  Commander,  in  the  year  1682. 
by  I  f  00  of  his  men,  in  three  Ships  and  four  Grabs,  who  were  brave- 
ly repulfed  with  a  great  Slaughtei, though  thofe  brave  men  had  not 
the  Happinefs  long  to  enjoy  the  Honour  of  that  noble  Acftion^  the 
Ship  being  unfortunately  caft  away  coming  into  the  Channel,*and 
all  the  men  but  two  loft.  Thefe  and  many  other  of  his  Actions 
have  given  many  occafion  to  inquire  what  he  is,  and  what  Coun- 
try he  poftefteth. 

This  Raja  Sivagi  yhoxn  at  Sajhaim,  the  Son  of  a  Captain  of  the 
King  of  Vifiafours,  being  of  a  reftlefs  and  turbulent  Spirit,  rebelled 
iti  his  Father  s  life-time,  aud  putting  himfelf  at  the  head  of  feveral 
Banditl ,  and  other  debauched  Young  men ,  he  retired  unto  the 
,.     .  I  i  i  Mountains 


.f^. 


42.6 


l%f  ^^tm^hfUt  fhUf^iSiHgiisi 


Mountains  oiVifiatom  ^  and  made  his  i^h  good  againfi  all  thofe 
that  came  to  attack  him.    aw*>.i'  ^m  j.r:.  •:  i  ^  ]  ^j^mmK^',     ^l.^iu' 

The  King  oitnfiafout  tfWnking  that  4iis  leather  kept'"  Ifttelligeftce 
with  him,  caufcd  him  to  be  arrefted,  arid  hediediiiPrifon.  Sh>igy 
conceived  fo  great  a  hatred  againft  the  King^  that  he^fed  allendea* 
voiirs  to  be  revenged  of  him.  And  in  a  ve^fho^t  time'he  plunde- 
red Vifiafour ,  and  with  the  Booty  he  took  made  himfelf  fo  ftrong 
in  Men,  Arms  and  Horfes,  that  he  became  able  enough  to  feize 
fome  TawnSjj  T/at.  Rajapur^Sa/igar,  CrapktenylJfahoulj  andi  to  form  a 
little  State  thereabout.  The  King  dying  aboiit  that  timc3  and  the 
Queens  endeavours  to  reduce  him  being  unfuccefsful^^jhe  accepted 
tlie  Peace  he  propofed  to  her,  that  he  fliould  enjoy  the  Territories 
which  he  had  fubdued,  that  he  Ihduld  be  tributary  to  the  Young 
King,  and  pay  him  half  his  Revenue.  .  i. :.  sj  ^wta/i  4  ,v,\ 

However,  he  could  not  reft,  but  plundered  fome  places  belon^ng 
to  the  Great  Mogul,  who  therefore  fent  Forces  againft  him  under 
(he  Condudt  of  the  Governour  oi  Aurene-Abat.  But  ^ry/^i  having 
jhis  retreat  always  in  the  Mountains,  and  oeing  extremely  cunning, 
the  Mogul  could  not  reduce  him.  In  the  mean  time  to  be  revenged 
on  the  Mogul,  he  refolved  to  plunder  5«rr<a:/,  which  he  did  for  40  ddys; 
fothat  none  but  the  £»?///?»  and  I)«/cAfaved  themfelves,  by  the  vigo- 
rous Defence  they  made,  by  reafon  of  their  Cannon,  which  Srvlgy 
would  notventure  upon,nor  durft  he  adventure  to  attack  the  Caftle, 
but  marched  of  with  the  Wealth  he  got,which'was  reported  to 
be  worth  in  Jewels,  Gold  and  Silver,- to  the  value  of  Thirty  iT#»ci& 
Millions,  which  was  in  the  year  1664,  when  he  was  ;y  years  of 
Age.  And  the  Mogul's  Affairs  not  fiifrering  him  to  purfue  his  Re- 
venge upon  Sivigy  ,  he  ftill  continues  his  Robberies  and  Pyracies 
upon  all  opportunities  and  occafions. 

Malabar,  or  Malavar  is  a  low  Count^y,with  a  delightful  Cdaft!,  and 
well  inhabited  by  people  that'pra<^lce  Pyt^cy.  There  is  a  certain 
wind,  which  blowing  there  in  winter,  lb  dlfturbs  the  neighbouring 
Sea,  that  it  rowls  the  fand  to  the  mouths  of  the  adjoining  Ports  ^  fo 
that  at  that  time  there  is  no  water  for  the  little  Barks  to  enter  j  but 
in  the  Summer  time  another  contrary  wind  is  there  fo  violent,that 
it  drives  back  the  fame  Sand,  and  renders  the  Ports  again  Naviga- 
ble :  The  great  number  of  Rivers,  ip  this  Countiy  renders  Horfe^ 
ufelefs,  eipecidllyfor  War.  A  Country  moft  par<  of  the  year  ver- 
dant, and  abounding  with  Cattel,  Corn,  Cotton,  Pepper,  Ginger,  CaJ/ia, 
Cariamum,  Rke,  MjrohaUns^  Ananas-pappas,  Melons,  Dates,  Cocos 
and  other  Fruits, 

V  ■.■■■"  _  •    CalecMf^ 


Calect 
thaphi 
Tradey 
that  fuc 
del,  wl 
Forti^fi 
ThePri 
er  and  s 
pdfitfon 
tHls<>Fd 
pvefenii  \ 
the  Kin 
Sw56rd': 
m()ft<6f 

the^J^i: 
chin,  CU 

'  Cochi 
butetcf 
red  wit 

.  CouU 
had  fop 
lay  in  P 
Fidelit) 
Calecut  1 
Cana-, 
the  Mki 

ofPefpi 

'^'Batti 
oftheii 

•To;^ 
w^ieifc, 

bumt,l 

keep  a 
Madan 
HHyebi 
forthe 
yi^tion 
thercfe 
fotoe . 


CaJectity  or  Calicut,  thought  to  be  the  T«wh  which  FtoL  Culls  Cah" 
tbapi/i  an  Error  of  Niger  and  Bertius.  Callcaris  Herb,  is  a  Town  of 
TraAcy  where  the  Vartugals  fitft  fettled  themfelves;  though  not  with* 
that  fuccefs  as  at  Cochin,  where  they  obtain' d  leave  to  raife  a  Citta-'" 
del  J  which  was^the  firft  Fort  they  had  in  the  Ea}'InJies;  hut  that 
Forti^ls  was  taken  from  them  by  the  Hollanders  in  the  year  1662. 
The  Prince  of  Calicuts  calls  himfelf  TLanforin,  a  Prince  of  great  pow- 
er and  awe  ,•  and  not  more^'black  of  colour,  than  treacherous  in  di(^ 
pdfiefoii^.^  Many  defornied  Pi^orA^'s  are  here , worlhipped,  but  with 
this'  OrdSftai'y  Evkfl^n^'T***^  'they  adore  ndt  Idols,  buP  the  Deumo's  they  re- 
frefenii  •' 'Ahdthel>«rcA  General,  who  viras  Cook  of  a  Ship,  Crowned 
the  King  with  thpfe  hands  which  had  oftner  handled  a  Ladle  than  a 
Sw6r^:  Ahd'exiil^^d  Tribute  from  all  the  Kings  of  j^«i/^^<it,  but 
m()ft6ftHetoiireJ^r^iiS*d  wiUfalfrom  paying  it.  Befides  this  Prince, 
thelteitfe!  ili'thisGou'ntry-tlie  Kings  oiCananor^TanorCrangamr,  Co- 
chin, C0hn,  and  Tra^ditior,^An^' to  or  12  other  tonfiderable  ones. 

'  CochByColchin  of  Pfff/.  Herk  net  much  interior  to  Goa,  pays  Tri- 
bute tcf  the  lioUanders,  who  keep  the  Caftle.  The  Hjarbor  is  pefte- 
red  with  Rocks  and  Shelves.  ,  ;  •  • '  ^  ^'  '■  •  ^  ' 
.  CmlmhsLS  bieeh  much  richer,  and  better  peopled  than  it  is  •  for  it 
had  formei'ly  above  106000  Inhrtbitahts,  'Scfiit^a  in  y^w»,  and  Co* 
lay  in  Ttol.  ^^wory^  valued  it  tor  its  Scituatioh,  for  its  Port,  and  its 
Fidelity.  Since  that  the  Sands  having  ftop'd  up  the  Port,  Goa  and 
CalecHt  have  got  all  the  Trade  from  it. 

Cananor,  Cattegeris  ttol.  t'ejte  Cafid;  holds  alfo  fbttie  Iflands  among 
the  Maldives,  viz.  the  Ifle  Malicut,Sind  tl\e  fiv'e  Ifles  of  Diayahdpro'w. 

Onor,   the  Hippocura  ofPtol.   ttjic  Baud,   produces  a  Weighty  fort 
ofPe^fer,  and  Black  Rice,  accounted  better  than  the  FFhite. 
^^Batticale  AnA  Gerfopa,  (mthsr  in  the  Land,  are  the  Capital  Cities 
of  thfeir  Kingdoms,  included  under  the  general  Name  ofCanara. 

lid-Mahhar  jbins  the  fiftiing  Qoafty  called  t|i©  Goaft  otManar; 
wheif«?'they  fifli  for  Pearls  in  Afkliov  three  weeks  together.  The 
CbiihtVy,  -whicih  contains  about  50  little  Cities ,  is  dry  and  Sun- 
bumt,havtng  no  other  advantages  but  by  the  Fi(hery,for  w  hich  they 
keep  a  Fair  at  Tuticorin ;  The  hioij  part  of  it*  is  under  the  Naic  of 
Madare,  the^oUaftders  j^ofTellifag  Onty  thQ'Ba^'d dfJCi'ngs,  where  they 
hHyc  bi^lt  a  tort,,  aridjtp  whicKthef  eis'hdcornirtg  b 
fdrtlie  defence  whferebf  thfeylUye  raifed  fcvcrhlWbrks,  for  confer- 
yj^tion  thereof,  being  of  fo  great  importance  to  them,  by  reafon  that 
thereby  they  are  Mafters  of  the  Banks  of  Manar.  There  is  alfo  found 
fdtne  Amberrreice'*  ahd  heretofore  near  to  Gape  Comorirf,  a  Gape 

liiz  well 


-:^ 


'4. 


%s. 


"^•\ 


4x8  The  Pmnfila  0)1  this  fiJe'Gatige$l\ 

well  known  of  old  by  Ptol.  tailed  Corj  &  CaUigicum  by  5rr/»^.  Cona^ 
mencina  by  P//w.  Calujca  &  Colakvm.  Comarhy  Arrian  in  his  Verlflus, 
Comara  extrema,  or  Cape  Carmyn  ;  there  was  a  Pearl  found  that 
weighed  above  50  Quintals. 

Corontandel,  or  Ccrobander^  Cartagar  damna  Ttol.  fo  called^  from  the 
abundance  of  Rice  which  it  produces,  is  famous  for  the  belt  Ports 
oflfulia.  The  City  o{  Meliapore,  Malipur  incolis,  St^Thomafo  Lufitauis 
Melange  Ttol.  or  t\\Q  Calurmina  of  Sofhrm,  an^  St  ThcTnais  Angfis, 
where  that  Apoftle  wrought  many  Miracles,  land  where  (as  their 
Traditions)  he  foretold  the  coming  of /^/>^Pf<>p/»inBo  that  Coun- 
try. It  is  obferved  that  the  OfF-lpring  of  thole  thajc,  M ^tyr'd  St. 
Thomas y  have  one  Leg  bigger  than  the  other.       Nfi  ^  ^  .f »/     .,  4 

Malipur  is  feated  upon  a  fmall  River,  having  five  foot  of  Water 
at  the  Mouth  of  itj  which  is  abou?  a  Cannon-lhot  from^fhe  City,* 
but  fmall  Ships  had  rather  harbor  themfelvesa!t?«//Vw/«,  and  the  great 
ones  at  Ntgafatan,  which  with  Meliafor  belongs  to  the  Torturals, 

Pf/;V<»fff,  befides  the  Town,  there  is  a  Fort  called  Gddriay  ^hat  be- 
longs to  the  Dutch  ,  where  they  have  their  chief  Fa^,ory,  and 
where  lives  the  chief  Intendant  over  all  the  reft  th.it  ^re  in  the 
Territories  of  the  King  oiGokond^.  In  the, Fort  are  generally  200 
Soldiers,  bcfides  Merchants.  The  Baftions  are^well  ftored  with  good 
Guns,  and  the  Sea  comes,  up  to  the  very  Wall  of  it.  Taveimeir  tells 
us.  That  v(7hen  the  Inhabitants  fetel^  their  water  to  drink,  they  ftay 
till  the  Sea  is  quite  gone  out ,  then  digging  holes  in  the  Sand  as 
near  the  Sea  as  they  can,  they  meet  with  frcih  Water.  ^.  ^ 

^  .About  7  or  8  Leagues  off,  is  Fort  St  George  ,   which  belongs  to 
the  Englifii  whofe  Port  or  Harbour  is  called  Madrafiatan. 

The  Kingdom  oiQokonda  is  a  Country  abounding  in  Ccrn,  Rice, 
Cattely  and  other  Neceflarierfor  Human  Life,*  and  iJ^j-^w^e^r is  the 
Name  of  the  Metro foUs,common\y  called  Golconda ^w\i\ch  is  the  Name 
of  a  Fortrels  about  two  Leagues  from  it.  The  City  is  laid  to  be.little 
lefs  than  Orleans ;  feated  upon  a  River,  which  near,  to  MaJUfatan 
falls  into  the  Gulph  of  BengaU,  over  which  River  there  is  a  ftatejy 
and  fair  Bridge  into  the  City,  \yhich  is  adorned  with  the  King  s 
Palace,  and  the  Houfes  of  the  great  Lords,  and  other  Perfons  of 
Quality,t^e  Merchants  and  Tradefinen  living  in  the  Suburbs,which 
are  a  Le^^ue  jn  ler^th,  tn  this  City  is  to  be  feen  the  Foundation 
of  a  magnificent  Pagod,which,had  it  been  finilhed  had  been  the  fair- 
eft  in  India  i  there  is  one  Stone,  which  is  an  entire  Rock  of  fuch  a 
prodigious  Bulk^  that  5  or  600  men  were  five  years  before  they  could 
new  it  out  of  its  place^  ax)d  thisy  iay^that  1400  Oxen  were  employ- 
ed to  draw  it  away.  The 


Tlk'ftnhfitlamilsilfiJeCak^s.  >     4x9 

*The  Men  and  Womeil  o^Gokonda  arc  well  proportioned^  and  of 
comely  ftatures,  only  the  Country  people  fwarthy,*  there  are  faid  to 
be  20000  Licenfed  common  Women  about  the  City  and  Suburbs. 
The  prefent  King  ,  defcended  from  an  -ancient  Family  of  the^ 
Turcomans y  is  a  Mahumetan,  and  of  the  Sedof  f/ir^^  and  pays  the 
Mogul  an  annual  Tribute  of  200000  Pagods. 

Maflifatan  is  a  great  City,  and  the  moft  famous  Road  for  Ships 
in  the  Gulph  oi  Bengal ^  the  Argarkk  Gulph  of  old  ,  from  whence 
they  fetSaiF  for  P<r^«,  Siantj  Aracan,^c.  where  5/«ow  faith,  the 
Englifi)  have  a  FaAory. 

Concerning  the  Kingdoms  ofNarfinga  and  Bifnagar,  which  fome 
Authors  make  two  diftind  Countries,  thongh  fome  others  confound 
them  together,  I  fh'all  give  you  this  Account ,  That  formerly  the 
Territories  of  the  Raja  of  Narjtnga  extended  from  Cape  Cormorin 
all  along  the  Coaft  ot  Cormantldus  far  as  the  River  Guenga  that  falls 
into  the  Bengalan  Gulph,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Ganges;  the  other 
Rajas  being  his  SubjeAs  ;  that  the  laft  Raja,  who  was  at  War  with 
Ackbar  the  Mogul,  brought  into  the  Field  four  Armies,  the  firft  lay 
in  that  Province  which  is  now  called  Gokonda  .  the  fecond  was 
quartered  in  the  Province  of  Fifapour,  the  third  in  Brampore,  the 
fourth  in  Doltabat,  This  Raj»  dying  without  Children,  the  four 
Generals  divided  amongft  them  the  Country^  but  the  Succeffor 
of  the  Moful  conquered  again  that  of  Brampore,  o{  Doltabat,  and 
part  ofyijaPour;  but  the  King  o£  Gokonda  became  Tributary  to  him, 
as  was  faia  before ;  fo  that  'tis  very  probable  there  are  no  fuch 
Cities  as  Narjtngue  or  Bifnagar.  Tavernier  in  his  Travels  makes  no 
mention  of  them. 

The  laft  Relations  tells  us,  that  Gandkot,  Tav.  Guendicot,  Thev.  is 
one  of  the  ftrongeft  Cities  in  the  Kingdom  ofCarnatica,  about  8j 
Leagues  from  Meliapour ,  and  1 200  from  Gokonda :  And  that  the 
greateft  Raja  on  that  fide  Ganges  is  of  Velour,  whofe  Territories  ex- 
tend to  Cape  Cormorin,  and  who  fucceeded  to  fome  part  of  the 
Eftate  of  the  Raja  of  Narjingue;  but  in  regard  there  is  no  Trade 
in  his  Country,  he  is  but  little  known  to  ftrangers. 

Thevenot  tell  US,  That  the  Ufurpers  were  but  Three,  viz,.  ofV}- 
ziapor,  of  Bifnagar,  or  Carnates,  formerly  called  Narjtnga,  and  Col- 
conda.  Thus  thefe  Kings  claming  together,  the  Kings  ofVifiapor 
and  Gokonda  warred  upon  the  King  oi  Bifnagar,  and  feized  upon 
feveral  of  his  Towns,  fo  that  he  was  ccnftraLned  to  file  into  the 
Mt)lifltains;  and  that  his  chief  Town  was  Ft/fK;-. 


ii'^^^ 


r- 


The 


•^  ■ 


4  yo  thf.miiM^M  ihi$  fi4^^(hf*S^' 

The  Winter  begins  at  Golcwda  in  June  with  Rai|i  and  Thui^jcr  * 
the  Air  was  little  cold  at  Night  and  in  the  Morning  j  and  in  Fch'u- 
4r/ the  great  He^tts  begin,*  Vines  ar;e  plentiful  there,  and  the 
Grapes  arcrijJeaajJwnw^^ .  Thfeyil7ay^ttWo,C|:ppf 3^jeaf,o£^?Vf, 
and  rna»y  othei'  Gi'iins.  j«!  -jrU  \i  |m<.;    ;m,vvvmv,\  .\(v  r  jrr    tv'-.v-;- 

Some  Relations  make  mention  of  the  Nai^ues  of  Manure,  the 
Helura  PuL  Mundiris  Aniaivo.  Modufa  rlin.  Tanaior  and  Gingi,  the 
Orthura  Vtd.  ttfie  Baud'.  Oriffa  Cafial.  of  the  Kingdopi  of  Ar#/«r, 
ueit  to  x\\.nx)!i'Miidurej,  biit  give  JUS  little  qf  Rema^'lj(>yit|^(Be^^iiityj 


.^ri.,  //.vr.^v<iV  Pi  inh\-i  -^ii  rx^^  \o  i>5'iivo-i<I  rub  ni  hi;5rifi.jo 
•Mm  s»ji  ,Ub-]h!ffO  u...:::Jv;  ;afii/b  h\ay.  MX  .  ^\^^^  ni  dnu''' 
ohc:ijIj<i  ufiJ  :;i.'cJ-VG3aLu7  tdj jns/ii   i\-mu\r.  [i^hr>   kiriijiv^t) 

<■.■    .     -  -     .      ■■■■  •-■;  ,  _  .    •.  •,  •  .f.,| 

'•■■■'"  '^*^  -'H  -'•  ;p  ^^:  -'^'-'-i  Vf^^  4J    .i»iij  '.tt   pi'>iid  hti.x  cj.w  .tf. 


>*  "■  J  u- 


^-^-  i^-  -  '■.■i>.."!ii!?M 


..,v'^ 


.^ 


431 


:'¥:^!?-^'   Of  thd  Penihfbia 


;'{T;r:'>fCf/lJ' 


tt-j  ;viiif T,r»tr» 


.'■  ^  'Kit  "i  i  f  :••>  :v 


AN^io  M.ap  of 
INDIA 

Seyoixd 

GAN6E.S 

■     ■  ■      ■     ■■"  ■■   '" 


vft.hr«,>  •  :. '^'!i  to 


THis  Country  in  the  elder  Times  was  fo  renowned  for  Wealth, 
that  one  TraA  of  it  had  the  Name  of  the  Siher  Region  the 
other  of  the  GoUen  Cherfinefe;  yet,  in  truth,  the  Country  it  felf  wns 

f-  -   bur 


.#' 


■%* 


43^  ^-^  ''^^  Teninfula  beyond  Ganges, 

but  little  known  in  the  Timcsof  the  Ancients,  or  the  Interior  part  of 
it  to  us  in  thcfe  da}'s.  Our  latcft  Dilcoveries  tell  us,  'tis  difmembieci 
and  fubdividecJinra alnioft airni^ny  Kfngdonj^and £ftates  as  Cities 
and  Towns.  ■  afid'tlito  as  mahy  dillinft  Governments  as  there  arc 
Tribes  and  Nations  among  them  ^  the  chief  Cities  of  which  are  ?e- 
gu,  Trl^llfton,  or  Trtglipoon  ofPtol.  by  CafiaL  which  was  very  confi- 
derablc,  when  it  comprehended  two  Empires,  and  Twenty  fix  King- 
doms, and  then  it  was  that  GoU,  Silver,  Pearls,  and  precious  Stems 
were  as  common  in  tlw  Court  otPegu,  as  if  the  wlipie  Orient  had 
brought  all  its  Riches  thither :  But  what  its  Revenues,  what  its  Go- 
vernment,what  its  Forces  and  Riches  noware,!  do  not  certainly  find. 
On  the  North  of  Peg«,  near  Bengala,  is  the  City  and  Kingdom  of 
Arachan,  now  faid  to  be  Subject  to  the  Great  Mogul.  Siriangh,  or  Sire- 
jang,  is  a  ftrong  Fort  on  the  mouth  of  the  River,  given  to  the  Portugah 
by  the  King  of  Arachan,  who,  at  laft,  were  forced  to  yield  it  to  the 
King  of  Ava,  by  vhom  the  Governor  was  cruelly  tortured  on  a  Spit. 
Sandiva  is  an  Ifland  about  50  Leagues  in  compals,  very  fruitiiil, 
once  fubdued  by  the  Portugah,  but  taken  from  them  by  the  King 
of  Arachan,  k.nno  160^. 

2.  Siam,  of  which  our  laft  Relation  tells  us.  That  'tis  a  Country 
plentiful  in  Rice  and  Fruits  ^  The  Forefts  of  large  iJ^zw^cw,  arc 
full  of  Rinoceros,  Elephants,  Tjgers,  Harts,  Apes,  and  Serpents  with 
two  Heads,  but  one  has  no  motion. 

The  Rivers  are  very  large,  and  overflow  the  Banks  when  the  Sun 
is  in  the  Southern  Tropick.  The  Capital  City  is  Siam,  the  Soba- 
nus  or  Cortacha  ofPtol.  aoout  5  Leagues  in  Circuit,  and  walled,  the 
River  running  quite  round  it,*  and  in  the  year  i66c.  fortified  with 
very  good  Bulwarks  by  a  Neapolitan  Jcfuit,  whofe  Port-Town  is 
Bancock,  fix  Leagues  from  the  Sea. 

The  ^^atives  are  all  Slaves  either  to  the  King  or  the  great  Lords,- 
they  have  a  great  many  Prieif^s  called  Bonzes,  very  ignorant,  yet 
greatly  reverenced,-  they  hold  the  Tranjmigration  cf' Souls  into  jeverd 
Bodies,  and  fay,  that  the  God  of  the  Chrijti'ans  and  theirs  were  Bra- 
then. 

They  have  3  3  Letters  in  their  Alphabet,  and  write  from  the  Left 
to  the  Right,  contrary  to  the  Cuftom  of  other  Indians. 

Their  King  is  one  of  the  richefl  Monarchs  of  the  Eaflyind  flyles 

'    himfclf  X;»^  of  Heaven  and  Earth,  though  Tributary  to  the  Tartars, 

as  Conquerors  oi  China.    He  never  fhews  himfelf  in  Publick  above 

twice  a  Year,  tut  then  in  an  extrordinary  Magnificence.   He  hath 

a  great  Jtindnefs  for  Elephants,  counts  them  his  Favourites,  and  the 

Orna- 


1 !•> 


tof 
reci 
tics 
aic 
Pe- 
nfi- 
ng- 
oms 
had 

10- 


Of  the  TeHitifnlaheyMd  Ganges,  455 

Ornaments  of  his  Kingdom,  and  ftylcs  himfclf  Kitig  of  the  White 
Elephant,  for  which  there  has  been  great  Wars  between  him  and 
the  Pegnan  King. 

Martabm.  fiiid  to  be  the  Triglifton  ofptoi  on  the  Gulph  of  Ben- 
gala,  once  mbjedt  to  Pegu,  now  to  Siam;  once  a  Kingdom,  now  of 
a  great  Trade,  efpecially  for  Martabane>,  which  arc  Veffels  of 
Earth,  of  a  kind  of  Porcelain  varniihed  with  black  ,    and  much 
efteemed  in  all  the  Eaft. 

g.  Malacca,  the  Amea  Cherfonefus  of  ojd,  in  the  Peninfula  whereof 
are  divers  Kingdoms,  all  which,  except  Malacca,  are  Tributary  to 
that  of  Siam ;  Tenajjeri,  Juncalaon,  ^eada,  Pera,  and  Malacca,  are 
on  the  Wcftern  part,*  Ihor,  Puhang,  Fatane,  BurdeUng,  and  Ligor^Tiiz 
on  the  Eaftern  Coaft. 

J^al.ra,  the  Taccla  of  Ptol.  tefte  Alfh.  Adriano.  (aliiiTacolaisJun- 
calaon)  is  the  moft  famous,  being  great,  rich  and  powerful  ^  An.  ry  x  i . 
x\iQPortugals  tooV.  II ,  and  kept  it  till  1641.  whtn  the  Hollanders 
tcfok  it  from  them.  Among  the  Rarities  of  the  Malacca,  ©r  rather 
of  the  World,  is  the  Arhor  Triftis,  which  bears  Flowers  only  after 
Sun-fet,  and  fheds  them  fo  loon  as  the  Sun  rifes,  and  this  every 
Night  in  the  year.  -;;  ^^O      .,:.        i^t;  -  ;3n^  nn^Kj      k..'' 

4.  Camhoja,  Forte  Pytindra,  or  Pityndra  of  Ptol.  on  the  River  Me-^ 
con,  60  j-.eagues  up  the  River,  once  one  of  the  three  prime  Cities 
in  this  i-  lit"  of  India:  The  King  thereof  is,  or  lately  was.  Tributary 
to  Siam,  whofe  Manners  and  Cuftoms  the  People  much  refemblc. 
In  til',  year  1644.  four  Holland  Ships  made  into  this  River,  and  got 
oat  IK  fwithftanding  all  the  oppofition  of  the  King  of  Camhoja. 

f .  Chiimfa,  which  communicates  its  Name  to  the  Country,  faid 
to  be  a  diltindl  Kingdom.  Ir  is  feated  near  the  Sea  fide,  and  of 
good  Trade  for  the  Wood  called  Lignum  Aloes ;  by  fome  the  Town 
is  called  Pulo  Caceim. 

Cochin  China  is  faid  to  be  one  ofc  the  beft  Kingdoms  in  all  India ; 
it  borders  upon  China,  of  which  it  was,  once  part;  and  whofe  Man- 
ners, Cuftoms,  Government,  Religion,,  and  other  Ceremonies 
they  yet  retain,  but  their  Language  is  that  of  Ton^uin.  Among 
the  Rarities  of  this  Country,  is,        •  /  •> 


■>v 


Firft,  The  Inundation  which  in  Auttmm  covers  with  its  Waters 
.ilmoft  all  the  Country,  making  the  Earth  fo  fruitful^  that  it  brings 
forth  its  Increafe  twice  or  thrice  a  year.         v  .-l  ,n.  ,»'/.•-'    ;>    ;,.  ^ '' 


make 


Secondly,  their  Savoy  Bcura,  or  matter  wherewith  the  Swallows 
ike  their  NeftsAvhichbeiiig  itcepedand  moiftned  in  Water,ferves 


Kk  k' 


tor 


w 


4H  OfthePeiiiMjitkte^oHdGMg^S; 

for  Sauce  to  all  Meats^  commimicating  a  variety  of  Tafte,  as  if 
compofcd  of  fsveral  Spices. 

Tni^d^,^  Their  Trees  called  Thinsj  the  Wood  whereof  r^tnains 
uncorruptible,  whether  in  Water  or  Earth.  ,^ 

Sanfoo  is  one  of  ';he  greateft  Cities  of  Cochin  China f.  and  greateft 
Tradcj  but  now  the  Port  failing,  it  decays. 

Hoffby  or  Faifoy  is  rerii  rkable  for  its  Foreft  oi Orange  SLti^  Tomgra-' 
W  Trees.  .       ^  *       . 

'^^^J>infoan  \%  a  good  Port,  l>ut  of  a  difKcult  entr.ince.  *   i». 

^^  Tacaan  is  an  Ifle  where  the  Fowls  retire  during  the  Heats. 
^JBoufim  is a'good  Haven. 

ChecOy  Kekioy  or  Keccbio,  is  the  chief  City  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Tun^uin,  and  the  ordinary  refidence  of  the  King,  faid  to  contain  a 
A01ion  of  Inhabitants. 

,    The  Tunquinefes.  as  well  Men  as  Women,  are  for  the  mjft  part 
well  proportioned,  of  an  O/iw  Complexion*     ?:r4a;ij'  sj«^^%  ^#:i 

Iheir  Habit  grave  and  modelt,  being  a  leng  Robe  tharreaches 
down  to  their  Heels,  bound  about  at  the  Wafte  with  a  Girdle  of 
Silk.  OrW  the  Soldier's  upper  Garment  reaches  no  farth?-  than 
his  Knees,  and  Breeches  down  to  the  mid-leg. 

They  are  naturally  mild  and  peaceable,fubmitting,  to  Reafon,3xd 
condemning  the  Tranfports  of^Choler. 

The  Air  is  fo  mild  and  temperate,  that  all  the  year  long  feems 
to  be  but  one  continued  Spring  ,•  Froft  and  Snow  are  there  never 
Inown*  x> 

There  arc  but  two  Winds  which  divide  the  whole  Year,  the  one 
Norths  .he  other  South,  both  continuing  for  fix  Months.' 
,«.  Ihe  Country  produces  neither  Corn  nor  Wine^  but  ftore  of  Rice ^ 
\/iqMa-i  It  a  J  and  excellent  Fruit.  /vn; 

Bode^o  is  the  place  whence  thr/  embark  the  King's  Body.  •. 

Cuaa,<^  is  the  Port  where  all  ibc  great  Ships  lie.  ;  v 

Cmci^is  the  Bounds  between  Tun^imn  and  Cochin  China,        'jf\ 

Chancon  is  the  place  where  St.  Jiax'ier  died  i  jy2.  ^   ■> ' '    ' 

The  Country  is  ii4orned  with  many  beautiful  a  .  ;  fertile  Plains, 
and  watered  with  many  great  Rivers. 

Two  Ships,  or  at  leaft  one,  goes  yearly  from  Natigcfiniue  to  Ton- 
^Miny  where  is  r-'uch  Silk  and  Musk^  and  Lignum  Jkes^  which  they 
truck  for  Scarkts.  Limn,  .and  /ytkri  the  Aiakafier  the  Dutch  load 
foiBdaft,. 


m.: 


.  my. 


^1, 


X 

The 


Th< 


"■■■a'. 


'k  V. 


'^'^^^fmimr'^'^n 


W 


mmm 


Of  thePatinfula  heyond  Gangit  45.V 

The  4Cing*s  Palac43b^ore  which  the  D«/ J  Ships  riJe  ^?Anclior> 
is  \n5ry  coftfy,  and  ihMr  Bridges  are  all  ofjl^afttu 

Modem  Kclattonlalfamefltion  the  great  Kingdom  oiLdOy  which 
extends  from  Fourteen  Degrees  to  Two  and  twenty  and  a  half  of 
Noithern  Latitude,  •  and  Fifty  miles  in  breadth  all  along  on  the 
River  Mecoity  whofe^Gapital  is  Lanjang  in  eighteen  Degrees" of  La- 
titude. As  alfo  the  Kings  of -^^-v-*,  t'ae  Palibothra  oiPtol.  by  Mercat. 
Valimbothaa  Arriam  Baoy  Brema,  CiocanguCy  and  TangUj  which  are 
faid  to  be  Tributaries  tp  the  King  hereof. 

About  Twenty  Leagues  from  the  Coa'ft  damboJi^^^kixhc  Bank 
Pracellisy  b«ing  about  an  Hundred  Lfeagt!.es  Ipngi  and  Forty  broad. 
The  Indians  relate ,  that  it  was  a  Kingdom  in  tormer  Apes ,  but 
iunk  by  Earthquakpi;  aiid  here  it  was  in  Anno  i6<$o  the  rich  laden 


ItifL- 


-   7" 


43  <^ 


■'.':..: 


S  '^M'-t''"' 


CHIN 


.t-,-;>'.-v\i*. 


tti 


:tl*-'  d;i-^a3*lif  J-  "f  ^'^^-^fi?^^  t4fehi?ii*ikl  mts^l^ 


CJi^tf  has  b^.eh  called  by  as  many  Names  as  there  have  been  Roy  al 
Families  in  it^  but  always  accounted  one  of  the  moil:  confide- 
wble  Countries  in  the  Worlds  by  reafon  of  its  Largenefs,  the  Beauty 

of 


of  its  Citi 

[.  It  is  alfo  r 

Powder,  a 

ceffory  to 

cious  Met 

ed  u^on  c 

and  Ibme 

pers'd  in 

heap  toge 

World  afi 

China  li 

been  reck 

are  fo  ful 

Rivers  of 

be  I  f  o  M 

Ducats. 

TheCA 

of the  ex 

die,  as  th« 

the  Moon 

Eyes,  th< 

all.    Th^ 

their  Volk 

into  theii 

400  Leag 

the  Tarta 

Obftacle. 

That  the 

In  thefe 

pire :  Fc 

uirs  vind« 

fevei^  ye 

fmall,  th 

lb  that  tl 

their  Pol 

darins,  ai 

der  the  7 

there  is  c 

and  the 

with  no 


»  M;>-i'^' 


-  OfChim.  ^^f 

oFits  Cities ,  their  Number  and  the  politenefs  of  the  Inhabitants. 
It  is  alfo  reputed,  that  Printing,  the  Silk  Manufadures,  Artillery, 
Powder,  are  more  in  ufe  there  than  in  Europe.  Befides  all  things  ne- 
ceflary  for  human  fubfiftance  and  delight,  it,  produces  the  moft  pre- 
cious Merchandizes  of  the  Eafi  ,•  and  Nature  feems  to  have  beftow- 
ed  u^on  ever}'  one  of  its  Provinces  fomething  ofparticular  Eileem,* 
and  Ibme  tl"mt  have  lived  there  affirm,  that  whatever  is  found  dil- 
pers'd  in  the  reft  of  the  World ,  is  there  to  be  met  with  irt^orie 
heap  together  ,•  and  fome  things  that  no  part  of  the  reft  of  the 
World  affords.  ■  j^iu^i^..^y-.,  ■f'^^\^y■^^i'^:■:}rl  .-u  ■  v.:j,;--:vy-, 

Ckina  lies  in  a  kftd  of  a  Squarc,a§|J  is  Co  populouSjthat  there  hsvQ 
been  reckon'd  60  Millions  of  people  fit  to  be  tix'd.  The  Rivers 
are  fo  full  of  Boats,  that  it  is  thought  they  have  more  than  all  the 
Rivers  of  the  World  bcfide.  The  Revenue  of  the  King  is  faid  to 
be  1  f  o  Millions  of  Gold  ^  or,  as  others  affirm  ,  400  Millions  of  ^ 
Ducats.  -A^     .     -^-    •-,  ,..^^v,  ;..  .v''v-^-=> 

The  Chinefis  laugh  at  our  Maps,  that  place  their  Kingdom  in  one 
of  the  extremities  of  the  World,  averring,  that  they  lie  in  the  mid- 
dle, as  the  Jews  pretended  for  Jerujakm^  the  Greeks  for  Delpbosj  and 
the  Moors  for  Granada.  The  Chine fes  alio  fay,  that  they  have  two 
Eyes,  the  Europeans  one,  and  mat  all  other  Nations  have  none  at 
all.  They  have  been  alwayfo  jealous  to  conceal  the  Maxims  of 
their  Policies,  that  willingly  they  will  not  give  Strangers  admittance 
into  their  Countrcy.  The  great  Wall,  or  Entrenchment  rather^  ,^ 
400  Leagues  in  length,was  a  Work  of  more  Labour  than  Ufe  ,•  for 
the  Tartars  have  feveral  times  over-run  C/j^'«<»,  1  twithftanding  that 
Obftacle.  If  you  will  believe  their  HiftQries,  they  will  tell  you, 
That  the  Tartars  have  troubled  China  for  above  thefe  4000  years. 
In  thefe  laft  years  there  have  been  ftrange  Revolutions  in  this  Em- 
pire :  For  after  the  Rebels  had  a<Sted  there  as  Sovereigns,  the  Tar-> 
tars  under  Xuncbi  tlieir  King,  conquer  d  their  Countrey  in  lefs  thani 
feven  years,  beginning  fmce  164;.  Their  Military  Force  wa?  but 
fmall,  the  Men  of  Learning  overpowering  the  Men  of  the  Sword; 
h  that  the  ftrength  of  their  Kingdom  was  only  their  Number»ancl 
their  Policy.  Their  Principal  Nobility  and  Rulers  were  call'd  Man- 
darins ^  and  now  the  T^yf^r  keeps  his  Tartar  and  C/j;«c/e  Officers  un- 
der the  Title  of  Vice-Roys ;  the  one  for  War,  the  other  for  Learning  ; 
there  is  only  this  difFer-cnce,  that  now  the  Sword  ore-tops  the  Gown, 
and  the  Mandarins  are  dipt  of  their  Power ,  which  they  cxei-cife 
with  no  fmall  Pride  over  the  People.  - 


i  > 


i  - 


n 


■r 


Taga- 


mmm 


43^ 


OfChim] 


*W' 


^  Paganifm  Is  generally  received,,  yet  Vertue  is  in  high  cfteem.  The 
publigk  is  far  richer  in  proportion  than  private  men.  They  continue 
l^eir  Writing  from  the  top  to  the  bottom  in  length.  Tliey  have  a- 

-  bove  60000  Letters,  but  not  above  300  Words,  which  are  for  the 
moft  part,  all  Monofyllables.  So  that  whereas  the  Europeans  have 
few  Letters,  but  many  Words,  thQ,Chmefes  have  many  Letters,  but 
few  Words,  which  they  pronounce  with  a  various  Tone,  denoting 
thq  \»rious  Signification  pf  the  Word,  fo  that  they  may  be  faid  to 
fing  rather  than  fpeak.  The  Chlnefes  are  fo  in  love  Wfith  their  Hair 
that  they  will  rather  fufFer  Death  than  be  fhav'd.       -'  r.v.t 

All  Ci&;W  is  divided  into  1 5"  Provinces,  whifti  are  bigger  than 
large  Kingdoms.  There  are  10  towards  the  Smh^  that  is  to  fay, 
Junnan^  ^eichcUj  ^(^ngfi^  .^antmgy  fokieft,  Chekfapg,  Kiadgjiy   Ki~ 

J    angnattgy  or  Nankingj  Suchueny  an.d  Hutjuangy  which  Provinces  united 
fomecall  by  the  Name  of,  Cathay.,  or  Katay,  as  theycallthe  Southern 
Mankin.    The  five  to  the  North  are  Xenfiy  Xanjiy  Becheliy  or  Peking'^ 
Xantungy  Honan ,  to  which  they  alfo  reckon  the  Territory  called 
Lsaotttngy  and  the  Peninfula  Corea. 

The  llles  ot  Chwa  arc  Jinatt  towards  the  South ;  near  to  the  ^oafl 
of  Fokien  lie  ^emoy  and  Eywtiy ;  further  off  at  Sea  appears  Fermofa; 
and  to  the  Eajl-  of  Cheklang  are  the  Ifles  Chanqut  and  Chexan. 
T\\QV\:o\\ncQ  oi Peking  ox  Pecheliy  is  the  firft  in  dignity,  and  is 

*  divided  into  eight  lefler  Counties,  containing  13 1  Cities.      .^^    r. 
The  Metropolis  is  Peking,  by  the  Tartars  J^ntiep,  by  Marcus  Paulus 
'Cambalu,  in  g^Degr.  yo  North.  Latitude,  adorned  with  many  ftate- 

^  ly  Palaces  or  Courts :  Accctfding  to  the  Dutch  Narration,  the  Em- 

■ '  peror's  Court  was  exa<5bly  fquare,  containing  3  quarters  of  an  hours 
walk,  with  4  Gates  oppofite  to  the  4  Angles  of  the  World ;  at  the 
end  of  this  Court  flandsa  Bridge,  on  each  fide  whereof  ftand  three 
Elephants  ,  richly  cap.,rifoad,  and  generally  loaded  with  gilded 
Tiowersf'tt^ough  this  you  enter  into  another  Quadrangle  of  400 
paces,  at  the  end  of  which  (land  three  (lately  Houfcs. .  Beyond  this 
a  third,  and  iarther  a  fourth  Court  all-pav'd  with  Free-ftone,  and 
bein^4oo  fpaces  fquare.  In  this  (lands  the  Emperor's  Throne,  and 
four  (lately  Edifices  curioufly  built,  and  covered  with  coftly  Roofs, 
adorned  with  gilded  Galleries.  Beyond  this  .Court  are  feVeral  Or- 
chards and  Gardens  pU-nted  With  all  forts  of  Trees,  Jid  ad.orncd: 
with  curious  Building|:  And  thus  flourifhed  the  Palace  oiPekiVy 
rebuilt  by  the  Tartars  in  Ann.  i^4f . 

In  or  near  the  Place  of  Paoting  theEmperor  Honngti  ancieritly  plan- 
ted the  Seat  q^his  Kingdo^n ;  and  on  tiiQ  J^afi^/fde  of  the  City  Hokicn 

*  '  iVands 


Chine 


;-i      >  "•■'■'■      ^f China.         .-.    ,.\    ;  .^     43S> 

ftands  a  great  Temple,  in  the  middle  of  which  is  a  ftately  and  great 
Image.  Cb'mting  is  great  and  populous.  Jenkln  and  jmyprig  are 
ftrong  places  for  the  defence  ot  the  Emj^ire.  The  Garifon^Tienc'm 
lies  on  the  Bay  Xang ;  it  is  a  Port  or  Kaven  Town  to  Peking,  and 
of  a  great  Trade  ^  and  on  th^Nonh-fide  lies  the  great  Garifon  Xang- 
/&/«;>,  on  the  Ifland  Cw.  * 

Weftward  beyond  the  Province  of  Pfy^/;;_^  lies  Xavji,  on  the  North' 
whereof  lies  the  great  Wall,  andl)chind  that  the  Tartar  Kingdom 
oiTangUy  and  the  Defert  Xamh.  This  Province  is  divided  into  five 
Counties,  having  eighty  fix  Cities^and  tho  not  very  big,  yet  is  plea- 
iiint.  The  Gity  Taifveriis  thd  Metropolis ^  which  for  its  Antiquity  of 
Building,  ftately  and  brave  Edifices,  is  accounted  amongft  the  bed: 
Cities  of  China',  At  the  City  Tingiany  the  Emperor  Jau  kept  his 
Court  withiit  the  Walls;  and  without  the  Gates  o{ Fuendeu  ihinds 
two  ftately,  ancient,  and  magnificent  Buildings. 

The  Province  of  Xenji  extends  into  the  Kingdom  ofPrefier  John. 
CafarcindThchety  which  the  Cy&/»(?/«j  in  a  general  Name  caW  Sifan;, 
it  is  a  large  Province ,  and  is  divided  into  eight  Co  .iities,  having 
one  hundred  and  eighty  Cities:  Sigan  is  the  Metro^cUs  of  the  whole, 
feated  on  the  River  G«fi,  in  a  Inoft  pleafant  anc^deligHtful  place, 
of  a  noble  Prolped,  and  good  Trade. 

In  the  Year  1625-.  a  Stone  was  found  in  digging  a  Foundation  for 
aHoufe,  infcribed  with  the  Old  Chinefc  and  Siriack  Chara<5lerSjWhicb 
contained  the  Chriftian  Religion.  Cungchand,  Ftwgciang,  Hanchung, 
Ki?igyangj  and  Linyao,  are  the  chief  Cities  of  the  Countries  of  the 
fame  Names.  Socheu  is  a  ftrong  Hold,  and  well  fortified,*  Xancheuy, 
or  Cancbeu  is  very  ftrong,  and  the  Refidence  of  a  Vice-Roy. 

Xantung  may  juftly  be  efteemed  an  Ifland,  being  wafhed  by  the 
Sea  on  one  fide,  and  feparated  by  fever4  Rivers  on  the  other,  and. 
is  divided  into  fix  Countries.  ^ 

Chinan,  the  Metropolis  of  the  whole  Province^  is  very  large,  and  full 
of  ftately  Houfes,  having  two  Lakes  within  its  Walls,  out  of  which 
flow  fevcral  little'  Streams  through  the  whole  City,-  it  is  alfo  ador- 
ned with  feveral  ftately  Temples.  Among  the  great  Cities  of  this 
Province,  Lincing  exceeds  in  Inhabitants,  Buildings  and  Trade,  but 
above  all  for  its  Porcelaiie  Tower  ninety  Cubits  high  ,  curioufly 
adorned  with  Imagery  and  Painting  without,  and  within  laid  with 
Marble  of  divers  colours  fmoothly  poiiflicd,-  on  the  Top  ftands  an 
Image  caft  of  Copj^er,  and  gilt,  thirty  foot  high. 

The  Province  oi' Hcnan,hyil^^Chinijes  thought  to  lie  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  World,  becaufe  it  lies  in  tlu;  m«ift  oiCLi^ay  it  is  divided 


1.  ■* '  '^^^ 
1"  r*-'- 


into 


I'  . 


'-■'¥■ 


■  -r'-i 


440  Of  China.  , 

ii.co  nine  Territories  and  Countries,  having  one  hundred  and  eight 
Cities.  The  chief  City  CaifiwgMcs  about  two  Leagues  from  the  TeL 
hw-River,  whofe  Water  is  faid  to  be  higher  than  the  City :  The 
other  chief  Cities  avc^tnte,  Ch^gte,  lioyian,  Nunyavg^  zti&Juning. 
Suchuen  is  a  great  Province^  an4leparated  by  the  River  Kiang,  and 
is. divided  into  eight  Countries,  containing  one  hundred  and  fifty 
Cities  5  befides  Garifons.  C'mgtu  is  the  Metropolis ,  and  lieth  in  an 
Iflandj  yet  includes  feveral  Moats_,  over  which  are  many  Bridges  • 
Tawing,  Xunking,  SincbeUj  Chunking,  ^icheu,  Ltfggan,  are  the  chiet 
Cities  of  the  oflier  parts  of  this  Province. 

,•  The  Province  Hitjuang  is  divided  alfo  in  the  middle  by  the  Rive; 
Kiang.  The  Chinefes  call  it  the  Land  of  Fifli  and  Rice^  and  the  Store- 
house of  China,  and  have  a  Proverb,  that  the  reft  of  the  Province,, 
afford  them  but  one  Meal ,  but  that  of  Huquang  feedf  them  all  the 
"  year  long ;  it  is  divided  into  fifteen  Countries,  containing  one  hun- 
dred Cities  great  and  fmall,  and  eleven  Garifons. 
:  The  Metropolfs  whereof  is  Vttchang,  on  the  South  Shore  of  the 
River  Kiang,  Hanyang,  Siangyang,  Tegan,  Hoangcheu,  Kingcbeu,  Jocheii, 
Changxa,  Taoking,  Hancheu,  Chante,  Xincheu,  lungchett,  Chingyang^  and 
Chingtien,  are  the  other  chief  Ciriesj» and' C(6;»gtfAc«  is  the  chief  City 
of  a  little  Territ<fry  of  the  fame  Name. 

Kiangfi,is  divided  into  thirteen  Countries,  containing  67  Cities  ^ 
the  chief  whereof  is  Nunchang,  once  the  Metropolis  of  the  Empire : 
laocheu,  ^tan/in,  Kicukiang,  Kicntfmng,  Linkiang,  Kiegan,  Kancheu,  are 
other  chief  Cities.  In  this  Province  near  laocheu,  and  no  where  elfe, 
is  that  Water  to  be  found  which  brings  Porcelane  to  perfection,  ef- 
pecially  when  they  intend  it  in  Azure,  Vermilion,  or  Yellow  Tinc- 
ture. The  lail  Travellers  into  China  tell  us,  that  Porcelane  is  made 
of  a  particular  Sand  or  EarthjWhich  isfetch'd  out  of  the  Country  cF 
the  City  Hoiechcu,  in  the  Province  of  Nanking',  nor  is  it  Jiecefiary 
that  the  Earth  fliould  be  buried  a  whole  Age  together  ,  as  others 
idly  affirm  -,  for  the  Chinefes  only  knead  this  Sand  or  Earth  together, 
and  make  VefTels  of  it,  which  they  bake  in  Furnaces  for  fifteen  days^ 
but  the  colouring  of  it  is  one  ot  the  chief  Arts  or  Secrets  which 
they  conceal  from  Strangers.  •  '-■'.'<    i-^r., 

'ihe  Province  of  Fokien  is  divided  into  eight  Counties,  and  con- 
tains 60  Cities  and  Towns,*  Fochett,  or  Hockjieu,  is  the  A^etropoliss.nA 
chief  of  the  Country;  it  is  featcd  about  fifteen  Leagues  wcftward 
trorn  the  Sea,  on  the  Southern  Shore  of  the  River  Min,  which  witli 
a  wide  mouth  falls  into  the  Sea,  and  brings  both  fmall  and  great 
Vcflcis  up  to  the  City,-  it  is  populous  and  of  great  Trade,  where 
rhc  />/;;.>!»  alfo  had  fcnietime  a  T-Vicioryin  the  year  1662.     ■■•    i.  The 


".'P"  ■'kwr^'m'i^np'fiifr^m^ 


sight 

The 

ning, 

,and 

fifty 

maii 

chief 


'-■■'¥■'■'..,■         Of  China,      ■'•  ./\     v- -^  ,  4^1. 

The  Gity  Cheencheu  lies  near  the  Sea,  in  a  delightful  Plain^witha 
large  Bay,  that  the  grcateft  Ships  ride  clofe  under  the  Walls.  Chau^ 
cheu.  of  great  Trade.for  all  rich  and  foreign  Commodities.  Kieming 
upon  the  River  MV,  is  a  place  of  great  Trade,  for  all  Commodities 
pafs  through  it.  Hinhoa  is  ^leatly  built,  adorned  with  many  trium- 
phant Arches  and  Colledges  for  the  encouragement  of  Learning/ 

XaoHw  and  Tmcheu  are  alfo  confiderable.  Foning  is  alfo  fair  and 
large,  lying  near  the  Sea.  The  Caftle  Ganhui  near  Changebeu  hath 
a  convenierA  Haven  for  Ships:  Kn^Tmyan  is  aftortfor  the  defence 
oftheSea-Coaft. 

The  Province  of  CMi<»»g  exceeds  all  the  reft  in  fertility  of  Soil, 
delightfulnefs  in  Prolpeds,  and  in  plenty  of  Silk  ,•  it  is  divided  into 
eleven  great  Countries,  having  eighty  three  Cities  or  Towns,  befides 
unwalled  places,  Caftles  and  populous  Villages.  Hanchew  is  the  chief- 
eft  City,  thought  to  be  theancient  ^inzaj.  Kiahirtgis  moted  about 
with  Rivulets  of  Water,  full  of  ftately  and  well-built  Strudures,*  all 
the  Streets  are  arched,  under  which  they  walk  as  in  a  Piazzaj  free 
from  wind  and  weather.  NieticheUy  Kincheu,  Cbucheu,  Kinhoa,  Vencheu^ 
Niftgpo  andXoahing,  all  chief  Cities,  and  bravely  adorned,*  notiar 
from  Ningpo  lies  Liawfo  ^  once  much  frequented  by  the  Vortugah, 
The  whole  Province  of  Chekiung  is  every  where  cut  through  with 
Rivers,  Rivulets  and  murmuring  Streams, fome  natural,  others  arti* 
ficial.  The  chief  River  Che,  which  gives  name  to  the  Country,  of 
which  they  tell  us,  that  annually  upon  the  eighteenth  day  of  the 
eight  Moon,  (which  is  our  October)  a  prodigious  Spring-tide  happens, 
roaring  extreamly  in  its  afcent,  beyond  the  loud  murmur  of  Cata- 
rads  or  Water-breaks ,  and  comes  with  a  head  high  and  ftrang^ly 
mounted  above  the  Waters. 

The  Province  of  Nankingy  by  the  Tartars  called  Kiangnan,  is  the 
lecond  in  honour,  in  magnitude  and  fertility  in  all  China:  It  is  di- 
vided into  14  great  Teriitoiies,  having  Cities  and  Towns  an  hun- 
dred and  ten ;  Nanking,  or  Kiavgning,  being  the  Metropolis ;  a  City, 
that  if  fhe  did  not  exceed  molt  Cities  on  the  Earth  in  bignefs  and 
beauty,  yet  ftie  was  inferior  to  few,  for  her  Pagods,  her  Temples, 
her  Poi  cclane  Towers,  her  Palaces  and  Triumphal  Arches.  Fttngi- 
ang,  SuchcH,  Sunkiavg,  Leucheu,  Hoaigan,  Ganking,  Ningue,  Hoeichen^ 
are  alfo  eminent  places  and  of  great  Note  and  Trade. 

The  Province  of  .^antung  lies  along  upon  the  Sea-fbore,  having 
many  convenient  Havens  aijd  Harbors  j  it  contains  ten  Counties, 
and  eighty  great  and  fmall  Cities,  ^ancheu^or  Canton  by  the  Port»~ 
gals,  is  the  Metropolis  and  chief  of  the  Province  j  exceedingly  beau- 

.   1 1 1  titled 


yMK^  ' 


■  '^ 


441.  .  '  Ofaina.'i\      %^^r^. 

tifled  witlvPagods,  Palaces,  ftately  Stm&Mm,  afki  TrHifnphal  Ar- 
chesf  fortified  with  ftrong  Walls,  Towers,  Bulwarks  and  Redoubts, 
defended  by  five  Caftles.  Of  the  greateft  Trade,  and  the  richeft  in 
the  whole  Kingdom.  The  other  great  Cities  are  Xaecheu,  Hoeideu, 
Chd^beu,  Chaocking^  Litncbitty  and  Luichtu.  The  liland  of  Jinan,  or 
Haimtn^ii  reckoned  for  the  Tenth  County,  it  lies  in  the  Bayof  Trw- 
king,  feparated  from  China  by  a  Chanel  ot  above  five  Leagues  broad, 
where  they  fiih  for  Pearls :  its  chief  City  is  Kiunchtu  or  Ingly,  fbrtifi-^ 
ed  with  ftrong  Walls,  handfome  buildings,  and  well  feated  for  Trade, 
and  the  whole  Ifland  produces  all  NecefTafies  for  human  fuftenance. 

Southwards  of  Canton  lies  many  fmall  Iflands  in  the  Sea,  on  one 
of  which,  or  rather  a  little  Rock,  joined  to  a  great  Ifland,  lieth  the 
City  Macao,  once  poffeffed  by  the  Tortuguefe,  i'o  naturally  foitified, 
that  'tis  almoft  invincible,  being  defended  with  two  ftron  g  Caftles 
againft  the  attempts  of  an  Enemy. 

The  province  oi  ^anfi'in  bignefs,  plenty  of  Merchandife,  and 
plealant  Fields,  may  compare  with  the  reft.  It  is  divided  into  eleven 
great  Countries,  which  contain  98  Cities  great  and  iinall,the  chief 
whereof  is  ^ilia,  full  of  ftrange  Strudures,-  other  chief  Cities  are 
Gucbeu,  Kingyang,  Cincheu  Nunning^  Taking,  Cbingan,  and  others. 

The  Province  of  <^'6&*«is  divideciinto  eight  8  Counties,  having 
great  and  fmall  Cities  to  the  Number  of  81,  of  which  ^hang  is  the 
chief;  Chiny'veng,  Tuny'mg,  Lining,  are  the  next  confiderable.      •-"' ' 

The  Province  of  Junuan,  tno  the  laft  in  place,  is  not  the  leaft  in  ex^ 
tent  and  goodnelsj  viz,  in  theabundance  of  rich  Commodities.  'Tis 
divided  into  twelve  Provinces,  containing  eighty  feven  Cit  s  great 
and  fmall,  befides  thirteen  Garifons.  The  Metropolis  Juman  boafts  to 
be  one  of  the  beftand  greateft  Cities  in  allC^/W,flouri/hing  in  Trade 
and  Riches,  adorned  with  fair  Strudures  and  Temples.  Jungmng,  Li- 
kiangy  Taogan,  Tali,  Manhoa,  Kinghung  and  Lancatd,  are  other  chief 
places. 

In  fhort,they  reckon  in  thefe  Counties  twelve  hundred  ninety  nine 
Towns,  Jtwo  hundred  forty  feven  great  Cities,  called  Cheu,  and 
eleven  hundred  fifty  two  little  Towns,  called  Hien,  yet  as  big  as  an  or- 
dinary City  in  Europe,  Martinitts  fets  down  thirteen  hundred  forty 
eight  Towns,  whereof  one  hundred  fifty  nine  are  great,  called  Ci^f», 
and  the  other  H/c».  Therearealfo  great  Garifons,  or  Military  Coun- 
tries, every  one  with  lelTer  Garifons  under  their  commands,  thirty  fe- 
ven in  number  i  alfo  feveral  Forts  and  Caftles  to  the  number  of  one 
hundred  feventy  fix.  Befides  thefe  Towns  and  FortrefTes,  China  is  ve- 
ry full  of  innumerable  Villages  and  Hamlets/o  that  it  appears  to  be 
as  one  entire  City.  -    ^'Vr-  Corea 


Cw 
Nieucl 
on  wl 

wracli 

man^ 

that 

popuj 

ons, 

low. 

latioii 


*.w^ 


Of  China.  '  4jJ 

C9rea  is  divided  into  eight  Territories;  on  the  North  it  joins  t»* 
Nieuche  in  Tartar^;  tlie  5(»»f /& refpcfts  the  Ifland  F<««gw<»,  or  j^r/Mrr*/, 
on  which  in  the  year  16^3.  the  Ship  Sperv^cr  of  Batdvia  was  flbip- 
wracked,  and  of  fixty  four  men  thiiTy  gottofhore,«wlioluffei'e<i 
many  extremities,  and  there  found  one  of  "d^eir  Dutch  Country  men 
that  had  been  Prifoner  27  years.  The  whole  Country  is  exceeding 
populous,  flill  of  Towns  built  after  the  Cbinefe  manher^whofe  Fafhi- 
ons.  Language^  Letters,  Religion  and  Government  the  Coreans  fol- 
low. Its  chief^City  is  Vinjang^  but  by  the  aforeiaid  Dutchmens Rc- 
lations,  Sioor  was  the  Royal  City,  from  whence  in  the  year  1666. 
in  a  Filhermans  Bark,  in  ten  days,  eight  of  them  got  to  Gofrolfland, 
and  from  thence  to  Nmgefatjue  on  the  ifland  Dyfma, 

The  Ifle  FormofayOncQ  Paccand,  nbw  undeir  the  Tartars,  abounds 
with  Deer,  Wild-Goats,  Hares,  Goneys,  Swine  and  Tygers,  the 
Woods  with  Pheafants  and  Pidgeons,  and  th^  Ground  produceth 
Rice,  Wheat,  Sugar,  Ginger,  Cinrtamon,  Coco-Nuts,  and  feveral 
other  Neceffaries  for  human  fuftenance. 

Their  chief  pra<9:ife  or  fpecial  Vertues  are.  Theft,  Murther  and 
Adultefy;  but  if  any  of  the  Women  prove  with  Child  before  they 
are  thirty  feven  years  of  age,  when  they  are  ready  to  be  delivered 
the  Midwife  kneeds  it  to  death  in  the  Womb.  They  write,  rcad^ 
and  have  Regifters. 

In  Anm  16^4.  happened  a  mighty  Earthquake,  which  continued 
feven'weeks  with  little  intermiflions :  In  December  and  January  is 
generally  the  faireft  weather :  Their  greateft  Rains  are  in  July  and 
Augu/l :  The  Moufons  or  ftormy  Seafons  begin  in  OBober,  and  con- 
tinue till  March,  which  is  called  the  Northern  ;  the  other,  or  South- 
ern, begins  in, iV%  and  holds  till  September. 

Againft  the  North-Eafi  part  of  Formofa  lies  a  rich  Golden  Mine, 
furrounded  by  many  Rocks ,  from  whence  in  ^ugufi  the  Rains 
w.ifli  down  great  ftore  of  Golden  Ore ,  not  far  from  the  Fort  Ke- 
lang^  which  *he  Dutch  had  in  polTeffion. 

Taywan,  or  Tayovan,  upon  the  Ifle  Formofa,  the  iitmoft  Nortly- 
point,  being  diftant  almoft  a  League,  but  the  Southermoft  point  with- 
in a  Bow-fliot  of  the  Land,  it  is  about  two  Leagues  and  an  half  in 
Length,  and  a  quarter  in  Breadth;  on  the  NbrfA-y?</e  upon  a  Sand-hill 
Itands  the  Fort  Zelandia,  built  by  the  Dutch,  1632.  under  the  6^ftle 
IVefiward  lies  another  Fortjguard;ed  by  two  points  of  the  Sea:  A  B^ow- 
fhot  diflant  lies  a  ftrong  Out-work  beir^  the  K-ey  to  the  Caftle,cair4, 
Utrecht',  Eafiiuard  from  which  ftands  theTown  built  ty  the  Dutch'.  On 
the  other  fide.onthe  mainofFor/w/rfftandsdieFort  an4Village5ai*<«»; 

LIU  well 


;j»  // 


y 


PMV"* 


444 


s 


V  Of  China. 


well  planted  with  Cannon  j  but  in  the  Year  i66i,  Cox'mga  and  his 
Aflbciates,  being  a  Crew  of  Rebels  Chinefet,  took  both  the  Ifland 
of  Frnnofa  and  Tayovtn  from  th^Dutch,  after  a  Siege  of  Ten  Months, 
where  Coxtnga,£ovin^  Ten  Tun  of  Gold,  Forty  pieces  of  Ordnances, 
arfd  other  things  to  a  great  value,  .  •  ,.,  ^     -  •  '   ^r-'  o  ^  ^ 


Of  JAPAN. 


•*/• 


THE  Ifland  of  74^4»,if  itbe  an  Ifle,  is  not  only  one,  but  many,* 
for  the  Coafl ,  difcontinued  with  many  Inlets  ,  i^ands  like  a 
broken  wall ,  and  the  feveral  falls  of  Frefh- water-Brooks  and  Ri- 

.  vulets. 


vulets,  de 

weavings 

petty  Ifle 

Natives  I 

but  our  li 

of  one  fo 

laand  ex 

breadth 

Eaft  loo 

two  hur 

phers  ha 

ther:  1 

Sea  cha 

laands  i 

bound  i 

the  Pea 

The 

two  wc 

other  o 

Th9 

for  it  e 

ftrufti> 

,a  hole 

Brand 

nailed 

^Tfc 

a  ftiii 

andie 

that  r 

near  '^ 

they< 

or  Sc 

Tl 

Fane 

civil 

in  A 

celU 

vice 

\vor 

f<Jm 

Fafl 


%v^ 


'■Ttt'jtV  .5 


..v.fe 


I  -         ^f  Japan.  ,j^^ 

I  vulets,  defcendlng  from  the  upper  Gioundf-,  with  tiicii  mixt  inter- 
weavings ,  both  frdra  Sea  and  Land  ,  make  a  numerous  crowd  of 
petty  Ifles,  the  moft  fpacious  and  wealthy  whereof  is  Japan ^  by  the 
Natives  Nippon,  formerly  Cud  to  compreliend  filty  three  kingdoius  ; 
but  our  later  Relations  tell  us,  that  they  ate  now  fallen  into  tht-  lap 
of  one  fole  Moharch^who  keeps  his  magnificent  Court  at  Jtilo.  'J  his 
Ifland  extends  in  length  feven  hundred  and  twenty  Miles ,  tli« 
breadth  generally  about  onj  hundred  and  eighty,  but  v.u ious.  1  lie 
Eaft  looks  towards  Caljfornea  in  Jmerica,  though  four  thoufandand 
two  hundred  Miles  diftant.  I  am  not  ignorant,  that  Ibmc  Geogra- 
phers have  made  them  to  meet,  others  bring  them  very  near  toge- 
ther: I  have  two  Lunar  obfervations ,  and  the  coherence  of  the 
Sea  chart  with  them  to  ftrengthen  my  affertion.  The  Air  of  thcfG 
Iflands  is  temperate,  but  for  the  moft  pait  fnowy  and  cold ;  tlicy  a- 
bound  in  Rice,  Pearl  and  Mines  of  Silver,  very  much  efteemcd  j. 
the  Pearls  are  very  large,  but  fomewhat  inclining  to  Red. 

The  Country  appears  more  hilly  than  plain,  amongft  which  are 
two  wonderful  Mountains,  one  vomiting  continually  flamesj;  the 
other  of  a  Prodigious  height. 

Th9  Palm-Tree  that  grows  there,  is  of  a  ftrange  quality,  (if  true) 
for  it  endures  no  manner  of  moifture  at  the  Roots,  which  is  as  dc- 
ftrudive  to  them  as  Poyfon.  To  make  it  grow  ,  it  muft  be  fee  in 
»a  hole  full  of  filings  ^f  Iron  and  dry  Sand,-  and  if  any  Boughs  or' 
Branches  are  broke  or  torn  off  by  winds  or  any  accident ,  it  but 
nailcfi  to  the  body,  it  will  grow  as  well  as  if  grafted. 

•-The  Japanners  are  generally  tall  of  Stature,  and  well-fet,  and  of 
a  fti'ing  Conftitution,  being  exercifed  in  all  manner  of  fufFering,, 
and  ieperated  from  their  Mothers  and  female  Relations,  believing 
that  nothing  makes  them  more  tender  and  effeminate  than  to  be 
near  Women  :  They  much  delight  in  War,  and  are  good  Soldiers,, 
they  exercife  their  Arms  at  Twelve  years  ot  Age,  and  tncir  Swords 
or  Scimiters  are  of  an  excellent  tenip^-. 

They  have  the  moft  happy  Memories  in  the  World  ,  a  nimble 
Fancy,  and folid  Judgment :  They  are  of  a  courteous  Behaviour  and 
civil  Deportment,  covetous  of  Honour  and  Reputation,  impatient 
in  Affronts  and  Difparagements.  But  unhappy  it  is,  that  thefe  ex- 
cellent Qualifications  ftiould  ftand  taxed  with  as  many  notorious, 
vices.  Their  Language  is  very  curious,  wherein  they  have  feveral 
words  to  exprefs  one  thing ,  Ibme  in  derifion  ,  others  in  honour  y 
fome  for  the  Prince ,  others  for  the  People.  Their  Cuftoms  and 
Fafliions  are  quite  contrary  to  ours.  They  drink  warna^  or  rather 
'-i*.  s::      ■  •  /  hot 


.'S. 


■•  i 


445  Of  Japan. 

hot  Witer  ,•  alleciging,  that  Coldcaufcs  Coughs  and  dife»ifes  in  the 
Stomach,  but  that  hot  Water  preferveth  the  natural  heat,  opens  the 
Paflages,  and  quencheth  the  Drought  Iboiicr.  To  their  Sick  they  mi- 
nillcr  very  f'weet  and  fragrant  Potions.  Theyncverlct  blood,  which 
they  husband  as  the  chariot  of  Life.  Theycftcem  black  Teeth,  and 
mount  the  right  fide  of  aHorfe.  And  ^ris  I'carce  to  be  believed  with 
what  a  ftudiedoppofition  they  differ  llom  us,*  butthou;:?h  tiiey  differ 
in  common  Cuftoms  and  Opinio]  is,  yet  in  the  foHd  work  of  Go^crn- 
inent  and  Authority,  theyadl  by  the  JumeRule  and  Policy,  liliijg  by 
degrees  as  we  do,  and  endin;.',  in^  fbleMonarchjtlie  Emperor,  who 
rules  not  by  the  Power  of  bis  Riches,  hut  by  the  number  oi  Men, 
and  is  honourably  attended  in  times  ot  Peace  at  his  Royal  Pnlacc : 
And  in  time  of  War  is  f.uauicdvvirh  a  ihojip;  and  numerous  Ai  my. 
The  Jffitits yFrcwcifcans J  Jc'cahhti^  and  ^lujlin  Friers,  had  made  a  great 
Progrefsin  theconverfion  of  the  Natives,  in  tiie  yearhiteen  hundred 
ninety  fix  ,•  for  they  were  reckon  d  to  be  above  600000  Chriitians.But 
fincethe  year  fixteen  hundred  and  fourteen, they  have  been  ail  driven 
out  of  the  Ifland,  and  no  perfon  dares  pi  orefs  ChiilHanity  but  in  pri- 
vate. SpeiMianls^Vortngals.CinA  Yrkfis^  are  all  expeli'd  ,•  only  the  Dtmb 
are  permitted,  in  regard  they  ftridly  foi  bid  their  People  to  ipcak  of 
Religion,  and  by  relation  as  little  to  p'ofels  it.  There  are  leveral 
Tones  or  Princes  among  them,whofe  lower  for  themoft  partis  con- 
fin'd  to  a  fingle  City.  And  'tis  obferved^that  when  one  of  thele  Tones, 
or  Governors,lofe  their  Principalities,their  Subjects  lofe  their  Goods. 
The  Dayro  had  once  the  chiet  Command  &i  xhcjafan  Empire,-  but 
fince  the  yean  ^  f  o,the  Uayro  hath  only  the  chief  command  in  Eccle- 
liafticai  affairs,  and  is  efteemed  above  the  Emperor,who  keeps  all  the 
power  in  his  own  hand.  In  the  center  of  the  Imperial  City  Mcaco, 
ibnds  the  glorious  Palace  of  theD^y^ro^which  out-flilnes  the  Empe- 
rors Court,the  Temple  of  Bonx,i,ov  the  Itately  houfeof  the  chief  £<?»- 
Jiofen,  There  isalfo  the  Imperial  Garden  fo  curioufly  plantcd,that  the 
Eye  feems  never  latisfied  with  fo  pleafant  an  objed:.  This  City  is 
faid  to  contain  90000  houfes.  At  Dtsbo,  not  far  off,  is  the  ftately 
Temple  of  the  Idol  Zaccba,  faid  to  contain  ninety  thoufand  houfes. 
Je^/o,  the  fccond  City  in  Japan/is  very  large,and  exceeding  popu- 
lous, the  Streets  are  60  Ikins  long,which  is  i  jo  paces,*  at  the  en^  is 
a  gate  that  is  locked  and  guarded  every  night,-  it  is  famous  for  the 
great  houfes  of  the  Nobility,  the  Emperors  Banquetting-houfe,  his 
Magazine,  his  Seraglio  or  Chandran^  the  Imperial  Garden,-  fiie  Em- 
re  Ifes  magnificent  Palace,  and  the  Temple  of  the  Golden  Amida; 
ut  in  tha.year  1657,  in  two  days  time  this  City  lay  all  in  Alhes,a- 

bove 


I 


bovc  a 
acftro> 

■yight  ^ 

Sacci 
invinci 
pleafan 


I  J"ll"IVtfl|P  ' 


in  the 
•nsthe 
eymi. 
vhicii 

{ with 
lifter 

iiJgby 
who 

lacc: 


bove  a  hundred  thoufand  houles  burnt ,  iiiid  ns  mnny  Inhabitants 
ilcftro)  cd  ,  a  great  number  of  Palaces  and  Temples ,  and  Forty 
-ight  Millions  of  Gold.  ^■■i    f-  .'  .,   '; 

Saccai  is  one  of  the  ftatelieft  Cities  In  all  Japan,Con\fiCL\  with  an 
invincible  Caftlc  ,•  and  there  is  (carcc  any  place  in  J'afiau^  thai  foe 
pleafantnefs  furpalfeth  Jonda,  Mavavry  is  a  hand (oni  City,  crown  d 
with  many  Spices :  Akay  is  welUbrtified  w  ith  a  Callle  ,  ant'  fur- 
rounded  with  a  Wall :  Ofacca  is  a  Stately  and  hnpcrial  City,  in  the 
midft  of  which  ftands  the  much  celebrated  Temple  of  the  Idol  Ca- 
von,  or  their  Neptune.  And  before  the  Earthquake  hiieen  hundred 
eighty  five ,  there  was  the  faireft  and  largeft  Palace  that  ever  Sun 
fhined  upon :  And  a  large  Caftlc  built  by  Taicofaf»a. 

Tcwpe  and  CawPania  may  not  be  compared  to  the  pleafantnefs  of 
S^joja  ,  fo  exceeding  delightful^  as  the  Durch  Ambaflador  tells  uSj 
that  the  whole  Earth  cannot  fhew  a  finer  fpot  of  Ground. 

Onwari  is  fituatc  on  the  hanging  of  a  pleafant  Hill,  near  which 
is  a  fteep  Rock,  on  which  ftands  an  invincible  Caftle,  which  is  fecn: 
at  a  great  diftance. 

^ano  is  the  moft  artificial  built  City  in  all  Japan.  Vion^o  was^ 
ruin'd  in  the  War  of  Kobanunga  and  the  Emperor  Cajjlu.  'Mia  is 
curioufly  built  and  adorned  with  many  Temples. 

The  ftately  City  Occa[a\ci  is  fortified  with  a  ftrcng  Caftlc,*  Jofin- 
da  is  of  a  delightful  Situation.  Sarmga  is  a  great  but  ruinous  City. 
Facione  is  the  place  where  is  kept  a  ftrong  Guard  ,•  formerly  a  famous 
City,  but  fwallowed  up,  and  muffled  into  Ruins  andRubbifh  by  an 
Earthquake,  which  are  very  frequent  in  Japan.  Oudarro  is  a  ftately 
City,  adorned  with  a  fumptuous  Palace,  and  lofty  Spires,     i 

The  other  chief  Iflands  about  Japan,  are  Bungo,  Cikoko,  Sny- 
kok,  or  X'lmo ,  all  one  Ifland  ,  but  thus  called  by  leveral  Authors. 
2.  Tonfa,  or  Xicoco  ,  or  Tokocfe  and  Chic  cock.  5.  Flrando  and  Got  10^ 
with  innumerable  others. 

Coyigoxuma  is  the  firtt  City  where  the  Tortuguefe  landed  and  got 
footing  in  Japan  ,  .and  was  their  Staple  :  Navgefaoue  is  the  chief 
Staple  and  Refidence  of  the  Dntch  in  Japan,  firft  built  by  the  Vcriu^ 
gucfe.  This  Lodge,  or  Fovtreis,  lies  on  rhe  imall  Ifland  Dlfma,  and 
is  the  Magazine  for  all  Indian  Commodities ,  and  the  beft  harbor 
for  the  reception  of  Merchant  VelTels,  of  any  Port  in  Japan. 

At  this  day  the  Hollanders  pretend  all  Trad,e  at  Japan. 

The  extent  oijc-jjo,  being  Mountainous,  and  abounding  with 
Furs,  is  yet  unknown,  only  that  'tis  a  vaft ,  and  wild  Country  lull' 
of  Savage  People  ,  cloathed  with  Skins  of  wild  Beafts ,    who  can 
giv4^  account  further  than  they  dwell.  G,^ 


■■ 


'Wf^^^^ 


:  4  :S^i^ 


448. 

-  Of  the  I S  L  E  S  in  de  Indian  Sea. 

•SY.ft  '■'  '^^  '"^f'?  '""'"'^i'=  Mes  ,'tlut  'tisfmpoffible  to  give  a 


-A. 


i« 


,.  wintwwwi " 


■*^/»««J.       ^ 


X' 


I    •■*■; 

in  erf 


"^ir 


t&c 


Of 


Of  th  ffles  of  ths  Miaii  Sea. 


449 


m^m 


«,■ 


.  \-i^ji---f:fiK.:»f--:m ; 


Of  the  Jjlantls  of  the  MALDiyESiU^ 

THE  MrtWifwlflan^Safcitiiate  under  the  H^mncStalLine,  derive 
their  Name  from  the  principal  City  called  Male,  and  Dive  ; 
which  fignifies  an  Ifland.They  ^e  repkpn'd  to  be  about  i2ooo,but 
that  is  fuppofed  to  be  only  by  taking  a  certain  Number  for  an  un- 
certain :  They  aredifperfed  from  the  North-Weft  to  the  South-Eaft, 
into  I ;  Provinces,  which  the  Inhabitants  call  Att$Uonj ,  every  one 
of  which  is  fenc'd  with  a  Bank  of  Sand;  butfome  of  them  are  on-^ 
ly  Sand-hills,  or  Rocks,  being  all  of  them>  -^ly  little,-  hi  Male  ,, 
the  chief,  is  but^aXeague  about. 

They  are  dividt^d  by  Arms  of  the  Sea,and  environ'd  with  Rocks, 
which  renders  the  Accefs  to  them  very  difficult ;  There  are  fome 
Ports  or  Openings  ,  one  oppofite  to  another ,  fo  plac'd,  that  they 
give  an  Entrance  into  the  four  AttoUms ,  for  the  benefit  of  Trade, 
otherwife  the  Currents  would  carry  the  VelTels  above  7  or  800 
Leaguesbeyond.  The  Currents  run  fix  Months  to  the  Eaft,and  fix  to 
the  Welhfometimes  more,fometimes  leis:  But  the  Sea  being  /hallow, 
the  Winds  outrageous,  and  few  Commodities  to  be  had,  thefe  Illands 
are  not  frequented  by  the  Europeans.  The  King  of  Maldives  is  cz\- 
UdPjifian;  his  Kingdom  is  never  governed  by  the  Female  Sex;  and 
for  his  Revenue  it  confifts  in  the  Misfortunes  of  others ,  that  is  to 
fay ,W recks  at  Sea.  So  that  th':,'-e  isnotrufting  to  the  A/;?/^;^^^  Pilots, 
wlio  will  caft  away  a  Ship  on  purpofe  that  their  King  may  have 
the  Spoil.  On  the  other  fide ,  the  King  himfelf  ufes  to  carefs  the 
Matters  of  Ships,  and  to  invite  them  to  his  Ifland,  to  the  end,  that 
dying  of  the  Diflemper  of  the  Ifland,  which  carries  of  ftrangers  in 
a  (hort  time,  he  may  be  Heir  to  their  Goods. 

The  Natives  are  little,  Olive-coloured,  and  Mahumetans :  They 
are  fubjed  to  violent  Fevers  and  Sicknefs,  by  rcafon  of  the  exceffive 
heat.  They  rtiave  with  cold  V^ater,  catch  Fi/K  fwimming,  and  will 
dive  to  the  bottom  of  the  Sea  to  find  a  convenient  place  where  to  caft 
their  Anchors.  They  will  fetch  up  out  of  the  Sea,with  an  incredible 
eafmefsj .:  n  1 00000  weight,  by  the  help  of  a  Cable,  and  fome  pieces 
of  their  Candon  Wood.  Their  Coco  s  are  very  profitable  to  them,  for 
of  thofe  they  make  fVine,Hone^j  Sugar ^Mtlk  and  Butter.  They  eat  Jl- 
monds  inftead  oi  Bread, yNhh.  all  forts  of  Food.  They  putevery  Trade 
into  i\  particular  Ifland;  and  to  prcferve  their  Wares  from  Vermin, 
they  builc^  thcii-  Storehouiesupon  Piles  in  the  Sea,abouf  an  100  paces 
from  their  Iflcs.  .,  M  m  in         ,.  A 


4» 


i^ 


45Q  Of  the  jftes  in  the  Tndian  Sea, 

A   Defcription   of  ZEILOl^,    ^Vm    CETZOl^,   the 
Nangieris  ^Ftol* 


[Kg 


^'-j^'-^jT ; 


kw.  *  , 


^ri,ei:  .'',%'^'     M*^<:'- 


.i  MwMa£  of 

ICi:  YXo  :n-| 

by^obJiorAen 


:f , 


■r  i  *.        *>     w 


f    f 


!,  :\>o51 


C^'-f.vfL 


"^^i 


>(* 


•10 


i     £.. 


^oturwtt^ 


;1 


»i« 


.Ujli'c 


Col 


Bcatyamtsy     tow "     J*' 


.COVKI,* 


umt 


i 


;; :  < 


%\\'-j: 


Agra. 


Center 


"^r^J^^.- 


C5jf«te/ 


.Matura,  •.  "BUckhtis. 


'^  ;. 


///    tlil»«j2„ 


Point  de  Galle\il 


'^ 


THE  KoOan/ier  Is  now  Mafter  of  all  the  Sca-Coaft  j  the  Inlancl 
Country  is  now  under  the  King  of  Can/f^,  aiwi  is  divided  into 
feveral  Parts  or  Provinces  ^  which  lie  upon  Hills  fxuitful  and  well 
watered,  and  are  jtailed  in  general  Conde  Uda.  '  This 


This  I 
the  EntrJ 
very  narJ 
ib  are  ba| 

t!0  watcl 
Candyl 
tants,  is  f 
ated  in  tl 
decayedJ 
SouthI 

King  ke| 
Jlent-] 
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War  by 

fince  th( 
Mounta 
^^  ••<••> 

have 
Leawt 

in  the  S 

it  becon 

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fome  wi 

three,  t 

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whole ': 

growir 

Peov^e 

Tne 

fido  pr 

JCerneli 

The 

lati  't 

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like  B 

hela  P 

He 

fvveei 

mons, 


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WT'W 


i».?f?i.'J".»«»M' 


Of  the  tjles  in  the  Indian  Sea,  4^1 

This  Ijiland  Country  oiCmde  Via  is  ftrongly  fortified  oy  Nature, 
the  Entrances  being  up  vaft  and  high  Mountains,  and  the  Ways  fo 
very  narrow  that  but  one  man  can  go  a-breaft ;  and  thefe  Path^  al- 
fo  are  barricado'd  up  with  Gates  ofThorns,  and  two  or  three  men 
to  watch  and  examine  all  that  come  or  go.    "  *i>  *  f .      :  n.^ .  t  • 

Candy ^  or  Con^  by  the  Europeans.  Hif$goJagul-Netfrehy  the  Inhabi- 
tants, is  the  Chief  or  Metropolis,  ot  the  whole  Ifland,  bravely  fcitu- 
ated  in  the  midft  of  it  for  all  Conveniences ,  but  of  late  much 
decayed. 

South  of  Candy,  n  Miles  diftant,  lies  Nettemhy-Neur ,  where  the 
King  kept  his  Court  when  he  left  Candy, 

Ment-Neur  is  the  place  where  the  King  was  born,  and  his  Maga- 
zine for  Corn  and  Sale.  Badoula  was  burnt  down  in  the  time  of 
War  by  the  Vortugals.  ,^ 

Digiigy-Neur  is  the  place  where  the  King  now  keeps  his  Court 
fince  the  Rebellion  Anno  1664.  Its  Scituation  is  very  Rocky  and 
Mountainous,  ocing  a  glace  for  Safety  and  Security. 

Ar^'^-^dgbarro  is  one  of  the  ruinous  Cities  where  they  (ay  90  Kings 
have       j*ied,  diftant  { rom  Candy.  90  Miles  Northwards. 

Leawava  affords  Salt  in  abundance,  the  Eafterly  Winds  beating 
in  the  Sea,  and  in  the  Wcfterly  Wind  (which  makes  fair  Weather) 
it  becomes  Salt.  .  -       r     -  ■'>-        ,  u ':    v      '  •  .1^!-. 

Rice  is  the  chief  eft  Flower  of  their  Corn,whichisof  feveral  forts; 
fome  will  be  ripe  in  Icven  Months ,  others  in  fix,  five,  foftr ,  and 
three,  but  all  requires  water  to  grow  in.  Their  Seed-time  is  about 
July  and  Augufi,  their  Harveft  about  February. 

Of  Fruits  there  are  great  plenty  and  variety,  viz,,  the  Betel. Nut, 
whofe  Leaves  are  y  or  6  Foot  long ,  and  have  other  lefler  Leaves 
growing  out  r  1  the  fides  of  them  ^  fome  of  thefe  Nuts  will  make 
People  drunk,  and  giddy-headed,  and  purge,  if  eaten  green. 

Tnere  arc  alfo  Jacks,  which  a;-e  as  big  as  a  Peck-Loaf,  the  out-* 
fido  pricky  like  a  Hedgehog,  and  of  a  grcenifii  colour^  the  Seeds  or 
Kernels  do  much  refemble  Chefnuts  in  colour  and  tafte.. 

The  Jombo  is  like  an  Apple  full  of  Juice,  and  pleafant  to  the  Pa- 
lat;  'tis  white,  and  delicately  coloured  with  red,  as  if  painted.     .. 

There  are  alfo  Murros  ,  like  Cherries ,  fweet  to  the  tafte  ,•  Dongs, 
like  Black  Cherries  ,•  Ambeloes,  like  to  Barberries;  CaroUa  Cabella,  C&** 
hela  Paradigye,  like  our  Pears. 

Here  are  alfo  Coker-Nuts,  Plant'ines,  and  Baftaras  of  divers  forts, 
(Weet  cind  ibwre  Oranges,  Limes,  Partaurings,  in  tafte  like  our  Lent^ 
monsj  but  much  bigger  ;  Mangoes  of  feveral  forts,  Pine-Apples,  Su- 

M  m  Hi  %  leY-^ 


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^fi  ^    -  Of  the  Jjlartds  in  th^  Indian  Bea, 

gar-Cane Sy  Watcr-MelonSjVomffranatesy  Graces  black  and  white  ^  /£"- 
rabUns,  Codk-ws^  and  feveral  other. 

There  is  alfo  the  TaUijfot-Tree,  which  bears  no  kind  of  Fruit  until 
the  laft  yearof  itrlife,  and  then  it  comes  out  full  of  yellow  Blot 
foms  which  fmell  very  ftrong.  which  come  to  a  Fruit  round  and  hard 
as  big  as  our  Cherriesbut  not  good  to  eat  j  but  theLeaf  of  this  Tree 
is  fo  Droad  and  large,  that  it  will  cover  i  y  or  :yo  men ,  and  keep 
them  dry  when  it  rains  ,•  and  the  Pith  within  the  Tree  is  good  to 
eat,  and  taftes  much  like  to  white  Bread. 

There  is  alfo  the  Kettale-Tree ,  which  yields  a  delicious  Juice, 
rarely  fweet  and  plealant  to  the  Palat ,  which  they^take  from  the 
Tree  two  or  three  times  a  day,  which  Liquor  they  boil,  and  make 
a  kind  of  Sugar. 

The  Cinnamon-Tree  grows  wild  in  the  Woods  as  other  Trees,  and 
by  them  no  more  efteemed  ,  being  as  plenty  as  Hazjcl  in  England. 
The  Cinnamon  is  the  Bark  or  Rind,  which  when  on  the  Tree  looks 
•whitijli,  when  tiiey  pull  it  cfF  they  fcrape  it  and  dry  it  in  the  Sun. 
The  Wood  riath  no  fmell,  'tis  cf  a  white  ':olour,  and  foft  like  Fir. 
TheLeaf  much  refembles  Laurel  bothii:  coulourandthicknefs.  The 
young  Leaves  look  red  like  Scarlet ;  if  bruifed  ,  they  will  fmell 
more  like  C»W«  th^n  Cinnamon.  It  bears  a  Fruit  wJiicii ',s  ripe  in 
September,  much  like  an  Acorn  ,  but  fmaller,-  it  neither  taftes  nor 
Imells  like  as  the  Bark,  but  being  boiled  in  Water,  it  will  yieM  an 
Oil,  wh!ch  when  cold,  is  h?rd  as  Tallow,  and  white,  and  of  an  ex- 
cellent fmell  j  and  'tis  ui'ed  for  Ointment  for  Aches  and  Pains,  and 
to  burn  In  Lamps. 

There  is  alio  the  Ovula,  the  Fruit  whereof  they  make  ofe  of  for 
Piiyfick  in  Purges ;  and  being  beat  in  pieces  in  a  Mortar ,  and 
ibak'd  in  Water ,  it  will  dye  a  very  good  Black  ,•  and  mfty  Iron 
lying  one  Night  in  the  Water  will  become  bright,  and  the  Water 
black  like  Ink. 

The  Betel-Tree,  whofe  i-eaf  is  fo  much  loved  and  eaten,  grows 
Kke  I'vy,  twining  about  Trees  or  Poles,  which  they  ftick  into  the 
ground  for  it  to  run  up  by^  and  as  the  Betel  grows,  the  Poles  grow 
alfo. 

Of  Roots,  they  have  Aloes,  or  Inyames  of  divers  forts ;  fome  they 
plant,  and  others  grow  wild  in  the  Woods.  Thefe  ferve  for  Food, 
and  for  Sauce,  or  a  Relifh  to  their  Rice  ,•  fome  of  them  in  a  year 
or  two  will  grow  as  big  as  a  man's  Wafte,  others  as  big  as  a  man's 
Arm. 


the 


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Of  the  Iflantfs  h  the  Indian  Sea, 


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They  have  Herbs  offeveral  forts,  fbme  in  Six  Months  growing 
to  maturity,  the  Stalk  as  high  as  a  man  can  reach  ^  and  being  boil- 
ed almoft  as  good  as  Jfparagus.  They  have  Cokwarts,  Carrots jRadiJbeSj 
Fennel,  Balfantj  Spearmint ^Mufiar  J.  There  is  alfo  Fern,  Indian-corn,  fe- 
veral  forts  of  Beans,  Cneumhers,  CalabaJJas  and  Tumkins.  And  tlic 
Dutch  have  Lettice,  Rofcmarj,  Sage  and  othsr  European  Herbs  and 
Plants  vi^hich  grow  well  there.  >     >  '  -       '^  -  ,    . 

ThQfVoods  arc  ihQiTJpotkecaries  Shops,where  with  Herbs^  Leaves, 
and  the  Rinds  of  Trees,  they  make  all  their  Phyfick  and  Plaiftcrs, 
with  which  they  will  make  notable  Cures. 

Of  Flowers  they  have  great  variety,  growing  wild,  as  Roles  red 
and  white,  and  feveral  ether  forts  ol  iweet  fmelling  Flowers,  one 
called  the  Sendric-mal,  of  a  niurry  colour,  and  white,  which  opens 
at  4  of  the  Clock  in  the  Evening,  and  fhuts  at  4  in  the  Morning^ 
which  ferves  them  fome times  inftead  of  a  Clock. 

The  Vichamauls  are  a  white  Flower  like  our  Jafmine,  well  fcent- 
ed  i  the  King  hath  a  parcel  of  them  every  Morning  bi  ought  to 
him,  wrapt  in  a  white  Cloth  j  but  the  Hlow-w^^M/fare  the  chief  Flow- 
ers the  young  people  ufe,  and  are  of  greateft  value  among  them. 

They  have  Cows,  BuffaloivsjHogs,  Goats,  Deer,  in  great  abundance ;. 
Hares,  Dogs,  'Jucols,  Apes,  Tygers,  Bears,  Elephants. 

There  are  Ants  ot  divers  forts  ,  fome  worthy  our  remark,  viz. 
the  Cora-atch,which  is  a  great  and  black  Ant,  living  in  the  Ground, 
making  great  hollow  holes  in  the  Earth,  and  have  no  Sting. 

The  Faco's^TQ  the  moft  numerous, whofe  hinder  part  is  white,  and 
the  head  red,*  they  eat  and  devour  all  they  come  at,  except  Iron  and 
Stone,*  they  creep  up  the  Walls  of  Houles ,  and  build  an  Arch  of 
Diit  over  themfelves  all  the  way  as  they  climb ,  be  it  never  io 
high  ,'  and  }.n  places  where  there  are  no  Houfes ,  they  will  raife 
great  Hills,  or  Humhffes ,  fome  five  or  fix  foot  high  ,  fo  hard  and 
iirong,  as  not  eafily  digged  down  with  Pickaxes,withih  full  of  hol- 
low Vaults  and  Arches  where  they  dwell.  Their  Nefts  are  much 
like  Honey-combs,  full  of  Eggs  and  young  ones ;  As  they  encrcale. 
m  multitude,  fo  they  alfo  die  in  multitude  ^  for  when  they  comft 
•:o  maturity  they  have  wings ,  and  in  the  Evening,  after  Sun-fct, 
they  iffue  forth  in  vaft  numbers,  that  they  almott  darken  the  sky, 
flying  to  fuch  a  height,  that  they  go  out  of  fight,  and  fo  keep  tly- 
Ang  tUl  they  fall  down  dead  upon  the  Earth. 


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4T4  Of  thttjlesmihe Indian Sedi 

Of  the  Hies  eif  Sonde, .  d->  ■^^:i*?^d  '^t'\^ 

:•"['      •  ■        ;,    ■  ,,_:,,..;,,  ,ni;;i<i^3d3  .ybi^irfa  ni 


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tlielJlesofSonJs.   ■.,,\\':"^.      ... 

«'  1"^  ri  E  5r?fi^^/j^  of  5<?uJ?  gives  its  Name  to  the  Ifles  o^ Sumatra, 

X     /«V'i  amfftrrw**,^  thnt  lie  not  far  from  it,    ft  is  the  ordinary 

PAlV.iee  for  A'eilcls  that  are  bound  lor  a.'*./,  and  the  more  Eaftern 

Seas  i 


^■.-"^; 


Seasj  the  AifoFthefe  three  Iflands  is  very  unwholfome,  nor  do  they 
afFor4  thofe  Provifipn*  which  the  Continent  doth.The  Inhabitants  of 
the  Uplands  are  ftigans }  of  the  ScsL-CoaHts^Mahumetans.  They  have  fe- 
veral  Kjngs  potent  as  well  by  Sea  as  by  Land.  They  afford  rich  Com- 
mqditieSj  elpcially  Sfius  ,  which  the  TcrtugaUy  the  Hollanders y  and 
the  rnoft  pait  of  the  other.Nations  of  the  world  fetch  from  thence. 

Sumatra  is  the  nw)ft  famous  Ifland  in  all  the  Eafi,  for  largenefs  and 
richnefs,  for  it  is  306  French  Leagues  long,  and  70  broad,  having  fe- 
veral  Mines  of  Gold :  It  lies  10  Leagues  from  the  Continent^and  the 
Ancients  believ'd^ijttf^iJie  i  ?Vl?*J^<*/by  reafon  of  the  feveral  little 
Iflands  that  feem  to  join  it  to  the  Land  Six  Kings  command  it  ,•  the 
King  oi Achem^  beft  Known  to  us:  oiCamfer,  JambiyMenancabo  and 
Talimban.  They  have  fo  well  defenaed  their  Ifland,  that  the  Ewrc^f^^wx 
could  never  get  footing  on  it.  There  is  a  Mountain  that  calls  ibrth 
Flames  like  Mount  Gihel.  The  Pf/rprrof  this  Ifland  is  better  than  that 
ofji4«»/i»^«»',becaufe  the  Land  is  moFemoift.  They  find  Gold  in  Grains^ 
and  in  little  pieces  after  th^  great  Floods  of  Water.  The  Inland  part 
islnhabited  by54rWw»/>,tbat  will  eat  theRiw-iiefh  of  their  Enemies 
with  Pepper  and  Salt.  Thei  City  of Achem  is  the  beft  in?.il  the  Ifland, 
it  has  been  better  than  it  is  j  it  lies  half  a  League  horn  the  Sea  upon 
a  Plain,  by  the  fide  of  a  River,  as  large  as  the  Seim  in  France ,  but 
very  fhallow.  There  is  alfo  a.  Fortrefs  upon  tb/"  Bank  of  the  Riven 

J<ia;<»,governedby  feveral  petty  Kings,every  Cir.  ■  saving  one:  A- 
mong  the  reft,  the  Kings  oi  yatara^Hban,Jottan,  Tanoyvan,  Vanaru- 
rar.y  and  Falamhuam,  Many  are  P^^<«»j,fome  ara  AdahametansjAXidthe^ 
moft  part  acknowledge  the  gresLtMateran,  or  the  Emperor  of iW^/e- 
ran,  who  formerly  claimed  the  Sovereignty  over  the  whole  Ifland. 
Upon  th&Ccaft  grow  Oyfiers  that  weigh  300  pound.  The  Ifle  pro- 
duces fuch  large  Canes^  t^an  one  alone  luflfices  to  make  a  Boat.  It  af- 
fords excellent Liffmnf,Aii)es,  Salt  from  ^^'^^^i^nd  Gold  znAVeffer'm 
abundance.  Tl' 5  Southern  Coaftisleatlknown.lt  is  oncof  thelargeft 
Iflands  in  Jfta  •  and  for  its  Plenty  may  be  called.  The  Epitome  of  the 
World,  The  City  of  Bantam  lies  at  the  foot  of  a  Hill,environed  by  2 
Rivulets,  and  divided  by  another.  The  Port  is  large,  and  the  moft 
frequented  of  all  the  Iflands  of  Sonde  >,  for  it  affords  all  kind  of  Spices, 
Stones, und  other  Commodities  of  the  Eafi-hdies.  The  Spaniards  csiil 
Bantamthe  Geneva  of  the  Eafi.  Jacatra,or:  Batavia,[s  the  Rcfldence  of 
the  Copful  for  the  Holland  Company ,ever  fince  the  year  1*519.  itis- 
defended  by  a  good  Cittadel,with  four  regulated  Baftions^it  lies  in 
a  Bay, which  being  fecur'd  toward  the  Sea  by  fomelflands.makes  the 
beft  Road  in  ^^\the  Indies.  yorr^w,next  to  that,is  one  of  the  beft  Ports, 
and  moft  frequented.  Borneo, 


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Of  the  Ijlandi  in  the  Minh  ^X 


Borneo,  the  very  biggeft  Mand  of  all  Afa,  aboands  in  MirobaUni 
and  Camphire :  it  has  feveral  good  Ports,but  few  good  Cities.  Some 
fay  th.it  it  was  the  Java  o£  Mark  Poll  o£Venicty  and  that  the  Leffer 
Java  was  that  already  mentioned.  The  City  is  built  upon  Piles  in 
die  Sea,  at  the  mouth  of  a  fiir  River,  having  a  large  and  commo- 
dious Harbor.  The  Natives  have  a  peculiar  King  of  their  own,  as 
likewife  has  Bender-Majjin,  Sambos  is  the  Capital  City  of  the  King- 
dom, affording  Diamonds.      ^fi;-».^"-^''  '  ^^ 


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The  PHILiPP  IV  B  IJlanHs^-'^l-^  'M\^h. 


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Piifi//^theSccohd  gave  his  own  Name  to  thcfc  Iftamlsj which  arei 
about  Forty  or  Fifty  great' Ones;  for  fhould  we  reckon  up  little" 
on«s,they  woiild  makt^fey  Mitationi,fome  Thpufands.themoft  part  of 
them  very  fertile,  and  the  Inhabitants  pay  their  Trioutc  in  Soldiers. 

The  Council  of  Spain  oftentimes  propofed  the  quitting  of  thofe. 
Iflands,  becaufe  of  the  expences  of  the  Gaiilons:  But  becaufe  they 
lie  convenient  for  the  Trade  between  China  and  theiWb/wc^iiflands. 
the  King  was  refolvedtokeep  them.  Thelllanders  are  valiant,  ana 
prefeiire  their  Liberty  in  feveral  places. 

Luc  on,  otherwife  New-Cafijle ,  is  the  biggeft  of  all  the  Philippine 
Iflands.  The  City  ili^»»i7^, which  lends  its  Name  to  the  whole  Body 
of  thtfe  Iflands,  is  the  Seat  of  the  Viceroy,  and  an  Archbiihop:  It  is 
but  fmalljbut  neat  and  well  fortifiedjand  fafe  from  Mining,two  thirds 
of  the  Town  lying  upon  a  River  navigable  forBarks,and  the  third 
part  lying  upon  the  Sea.  Beddes  Spaniards  and  Indians,  there  are  fe- 
vera!  Chinefes  that  refort  thither^  as  to  the  Magazine  of  the  richeft 
Commodities  in'the  World.  Cavife,tw6  Leagues  from  the  City, is 
the  principal  Haven,  fecured  from  the  winds,  and  fortified  with  two 
wooden  Forts.  The  Bay  is  40  Leagues  in  compafs,  where  there  is 
a  Convenience  to  build  great  Gallions,  however  the  North  winds 
blow  hard  upon  it,*  the  Bottom  is  bad  and  Entrance  difficult. 

New  Segovia,  or  Cagajon  is  in  the  moft  Northern  parts  of  the  Ifle 
Lucon. 

Tandaya,  or  Philippina.  is  South-Eaji  from  the  Southermoft  part  of 
Lucon,  and  the  Straight  between  them  is  called  the  Straight  ofMa^ 
nilla,  efteemed  the  beft  and  moft  pleafant  of  all  the  Iflands,  whole 
chisf  phce is  Achan.  '  •   f     ,.i/'«' 

The  Ifland  Mindanao  has  been  in  the  Spaniards  hands  but  a  little 
while.  ^  ^y 

S:.  Juan^  or  John,\{QS  North-Eafi  of  Mindanao.  That  o£Pifragoya. 
or  Caiamianes  oi  Boterus  ,  the  Puloam  of  Maginus  ,  who  difcovered 
thefe  Iflands  in  i  yao,  and  fome  otliers,  obey  their  own  Kings.  Ce^ 
bu  and  Mat  an  are  known  the  firft  by  the  dilcovery  of  Magellan,  th« 
other  by  the  death  of  Magellan, 

The  Spnniards  thit  are  bound  to  the  Philippines  never  Kail  through 
our  Hemifphere  ;  and  therefore  they  would  have  thefe  Iflands,  as 
well  as  the  Molncca'sj  to  be  the  Bounds  of  the  IV^Jl-lndies ,  which 

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45«  Of  ^he  J[fl0s  hthe  Jndi^  Sea. 

^      !!l*^^vi?''  j^*'  reafon  wouia  have  to  reach  as  far  as  the  Moluces's  O 
'Ji'rf  ^i'  ^'^  ^'''^''''  ""^'^^  g»^«  Name  to  a  M^^^^^^^ 

From  the  P^  W  Ifland  Eaftward,  there  lies  feveral  other  Ifle. 
call(^  m  Sjanijh  ty  the  general  Name  7^,  Je  las  FlChytcbJi 
IJks  deUdrma  or  If  mm  ,  of  which  I  find  nothing  memoraSe 
except  th^r  Kames  in  fome  Maps  ^  And  that  the  if  hStfaS     ^ 
poor, *if»Hfi4,an4 great Jhieves,.       ,,,.  '.      ,  awcantsai*. 


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7375ii  V5a'  3»i;^'    7^f    MO  LUCCA  TflaHJs^'^vJ-'t'i  siS^r  uvbt 

THere  are  five  of  tl\efe  Iflands  that  carry  the'paiticular  Name  ot 
Moluccas :  Tlicla  five  lllandsare  very  imalljCeatpd  much  about 
the  Equinoitical  Line ,  in  an  unwholfomc  Air  for  Strangers.  They 
are  under  feveral  Kings:  The  HoUanders  have  alfo  fome  FortrelTcs 
there.  They  afford  Nutmegs,Ginger,and  Cloves,-  Ternate,  the  big-' 
geil  of  the  five  little  ones ,  is  eight  Leagues  about,  with  a  Moun- 
tain that  cafts  out  fire.  It  hath  beiides,  feveral  Villages  uninhabited' 
in  times  of  war,  three  Cities  or  rather  Tons,viz,.Gammalar»mejMay^ 
loye,  now  called  Orange  •  Tacony^  by  the  Dutch  IVilliam-Stad:  The 
relt  are  Ttdor,  very  confiderabie^  Motir,  Machoanj  Bachian.      .'.  gn« ' 

The  Moluccas  are  good  Soldiers,  and  for  the  raoft  part Mahume-^ 
t4ns.  Befides  the  Kings  of  T^rw^t/^,  T/^er  and  B^jcAww,  there  are  feve- 
ral others  in  the  Celebes  Ifland^  and  Gilolo.  The  King  of  MacaJJarin. 
the  Celtietf  particularly  has  a  while  fince  extraordinarily  fortified 
bis  City.  He  has  always  given  Strangers  free  entrance  into  liis  Ports. 
In  i6r67.  he  treated  with  the  Hollanders,  and  quitted  the  Vortugals,. 
But  in  i668.  the  HuU/inders  obliged  him  to  trade  with  no  other  Na- 
tion but  th^m  :  And  there  was  a  Report  that  the  Dutch  have  fincc 
jfeized  upon,  and  taken  MacajJ'ar. 

The  Air  of  thisCounti7  isgood,but  the  Heats  are  infupportable  in 
the  Day-time.  Formerly  the  Natives  of  iW^c<«j7ir  eat  Human-fleJli,for 
which  reafon  the  NeighbouringPrinces  fent  them  all  their  Criminals. 

Celebes  is  fertile  in  Rice,  and  the  LandofPapous  yieldsGold,  Am- 
bergreece,  and  Birds  of  Paradife. 

Banda  is  an  Ijland  towards  the  South  of  the  Molucca* s,  with  five 
or  fix  other  Iflands  about  it,  to  which  it  gives  its  Name.  It  is  the 
oaly  Ifland  in  the  World  that  produces  Nutmegs  and  Mace :  There 
is  in  it  a  burning  Mountain  ,  and  in  the  year  1615:.  all  the  great 
Guns  in  the  Ifland  were  fpoil'd 

About  four  years  before  the  barbarous  Proceedings  of  the  Dutch 
at  Amboyna,  they  rtiot  Captain  Courtupt  in  his  Boat,  going  from  his 
Houfe  and  Fadory  in  PoUeroon,  to  one  of  the  adjacent  Clove  Iflands, 
called' L^»for^;  on  w'yin.rh  Ifland,  not  long  after,  ibme  EngliJhiuffeTi 
fuch  unparallel'd  ant'  baitvarous  Cruelty  by  the  Dutch  as  a  created 
Nature  was  capable  «_  fen.iuring. 

In  the  year  i6i7.thcLihabitants  of  J5<»»</<f  Iflands befoughtCapt. 
Baly  then  Prefident  az  Bantam,  to  receive  their  Iflands  into  his  Jurif. 
ili<aion,  to  defend  them  from  the  Tyrannies  of  the  Dutch,  whomur- 

N  n  n  2  dere4 

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dered  them  at  their  pleafure,  and  abufed  their  Wires,  whilft  them- 
fclvcs  were  enforc'^  .tQl<(ol(ooj  protelting  a|fo ,  that  they  never 
gave  theleaft  confentto  them  topoilefs  their  Ifland,  which  was  ac- 
cepttdof  by  the  Englifii  but  in  the  year  1622.  they  were  forced  by 
the  D$tteb  to  abandon  thoBamla  Iflands,*  and  it  is  credibly  reported, 
that  after  the  EngJilb  had  left  thofe  Iflands,  the  numerous  fhoals  of 
Macicrely  which  was  the  chiefeft  fuppojrt  to  the  Inhabitants ,  and 
which  conftantly  came  in  their  Seafon^  forfook  thofe  Iflandsalfo. 

Amhomay  towards  the  Suttb  of  the  MtHucctis^  gives  its  Name  to  ibme 
Other  lues.  It  is  an  Ifland  abounding  in  Clwa ;  for  the  buying  and 
gathering  whereof^  thQ  Englifihsid  five  FaHories  the  chiefeft  whereof 
was  at  Amboynay  the  other  at  HittOy  at  Larica.  at  CambiUoy  and  Lob^, 
who  begun  to  be  rich  j  when  on  the  iitb  otFebntaryy  i6i%y  began 
the  barbarous  proceedings  of  the  Vntcb  againft  the  £nr^%i^)Where  the 
C-wo  Elements  of  Fire  and  Water,  althomercilefs  of  themfelvesjby 
making  their  Fury  more  deliberate ,  were  here  inftru<%ed  to  be 
more  unmerciful,  whilft  accurate  Cruelty  did  torment  even  inven- 
tion it  felf  to  torment  the  innocent.  The  Dutcb  have  now  feveral 
Forts  there  'Tis  tlieir  befi  Colony  next  to  that  of  Bataviay  and  they 
iiave  forced  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Ifland  to  tmde  with  no  other*^ 

And  here  let  me  remark,  how  ftrange  and  admirable  indeed  it 
^x  That  a  fm^U  number  of  Merchants,  alTembled  at  firft  upon  the 
fingleicore  of  Trade,  (hould,  in  a  few  years,  prefumeto  make  war 
in  Countries  fo  far  diftant,  and  to  aifail  fo  many  potent  Kings  and 
"3Princesi  to  plant  fo  many  Colonies,  befiegc  16  many  Cities  and 
Forts,  expelling  the  Portifah  in  many  places,  furprifing  the  EngUfij^ 
•ncroaching  upon  all.  And  laftly  fetting  forth  fo  many  Navies  at 
fueh  prodigious  Charges  and  Expences,  ot  about  1 3  Millions  a  year, 
ihat  the  moft  pott nt  Sovereigns  in  the  Univerfe  cannot  equalise. 


■1.:  k 


The  End  of  ASIA 


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AFR  TC  Jy  5y  the  Ancicnts^was  called  OlymfiayReJ^eriaficgmid. 
CvryfbOf  Amrmnisy  Ortygia,  and  Ethiopia*    By  the  Greekt  and 
Romans^Ljiiasmdjifiica*  By  Uie  Etbiofiam  and  Mm/^AlktMan  By 

the 


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I 


1 


461.  Of  Africa. 

the  ArtAnam  Ifiichea,  Of  Ifrifnta  j   by  the  Indians ,  BSecatT;  By  the 
Turks  Megribon  j  but  the  moft  noted -Appellation  is  jifi-ka ,  either 


or  feparate,  or  from  the  ancient  Name  oi  Carthage,  called  jifi-ka : 
,  By  Bochartus  from  Ftruc,  a  Corn  Countrey. 

Scituate  it  is,  for  the  moft  part  under  the  Torrid  Zone,  theE^ua- 
tor  eroding  it  in  the  very  middle,  and  therefore  by  the  Ancients  lup- 
,'pofcd uninhabitable, and  parchedwiththe Sun's exceflive heat:  But 
■•''  what  they  knew  not,  and  thought  almoft  impoflibleto  be  known, is 
now  common  j  for  thefecrets  of  her  deap  and  remotell  Shores  are 
.  now  beaten  up  and  tra6ted  with  continual  Voyages,  lirft  by  the  Pcr- 
,^  tugals,  and  after  by  the  Enzlijlj  and  Dutch.  So  that  now  four  famous 
'  Seas  are  known  to  be  the  bounds  of -^)?/c^,*  on  the  North  the  Afe^i- 
terranean,  on  the  EafttheJSe<^i'M,or  Arabian  Gulf,  on  the  South  the  , 
Ethiopian,  and  on  theWeft  the  AtlantickOccsin ;  (o  that  'tis  divided 
from  all  the  World  by  Sea,  except  y^y?<«,whereunto  it  is  joyned  by  a 
narrow  Ifihmus.   The  whole  being  formed  like  a  huge  Pyramid  or 
Triangle,whofe  largeft  extent  from  North  to  South,  and  fromEaft 
■  to  weft,  is  differently  fet  down  by  moft  Geographers,*  though  con- 
trary to  others,  I  (hallftate  it  thus:  The  length  from  Cii^&Vcrde  to 
Cape  Guardefuy  is  72  degrees  of  Longitude,  which  is  5256  miles  ,• 
San[on  makes  it  80  degrees,  which  is  5840  miles,  584  miles  too 
much:  An-',  its  breadth  from  Cape  Bon  to  the  Cape  of  Good  HopCjii 
7a  degrees  of  Latitude,which  makes  yuo  miles,  at  75  to  a  degree. 

>>         ^'Africa  in  General  is  divided  into  thefe  Regions  or  Parts. 


a\..   i 


V  ■ 

if- 


fEex».     . 
Morocco, 
Tremlfen. 
Marbary,       «<  Algier, 
I  Tunis. , 
I  Tripoli, 
\Barca, 


Egypt. 


^  ;•.  f 


i » 


"Upper. 

\Middle, 

Lowtr, 


BiJledulgerid. 


•-•?< 


\Tejfct. 

Dara, 

Segelomeffe, 

Tegorarin, 

Zeb. 

Billedulgerid. 
*^ThiD^ert(fBarca. 


Dcfert 


t^f^ 


^mm 


Of  Africa^. 


4^3 


Defert  of 
Sana. 


7irg#  or  flWr^^t^ 

BerJoa, 

Gaoga, 

^Borno, 


••/".o 


::  :m 


— <. 


1,  iVj. 


^^v 


'■Vo 


u£thiopia  ^Nuhia,     i-t^..    -') 
Superior,   j  Coaft  o/ ^</J. 

\,Com  oi  Ainan.  > 


A'fi  ■ 


V) 


V 


St<.i. 


Inrsrior.    ^^'^omotaf. 
Q  Capes,    -i,t 


on: 


^j  .•■\'::^:< 


'.I    ■    *  k  r 


^Guinea,    ,^> 

iJegrcland.    ytombotiu 
'Biafara* 
19  Kingdoms  in  all  J.  ^,.,,     ,..,  ,  ^     ...;..::>  ;c^  = 

'         ■•)   '..,.!.  ■      'w     .^  •-,•      MpeTerrfe.       :  ■•>r. 'jf;-o    •'.'.ilx; 

.    ...::,.:.;   -^fir"^*  i^^^^with 

v'l  :y^   K'  Y  Mfi  t  f>^i!  ^i-3  i;      trailer  lOanas.    ,.:a,f;:>  :.r*3:. 

The  greateft  Rivers  in  Ajrkay^st  Nilusyzn^  Niger.  Tht  River  NHhs 
is  famous  for  its  Greatnefs  and  Fcecundity^  it  hath  anciently  hadfe- 
veral  Names  ;  the  Hehrews  called  it  Nahar  or  Nachal,t)^Q  Inhabitants 
Nuchal  y  by  the  Jews  it  was  called  Shichor,  ox  Sihor ;  by  the  Greeks 
Melas ;  Homer j  DiodoruSy  Xenofhon^Scc.  gave  it  the  common  Appella- 
tion of  the  Country,  viz.  Egypus.  Tlutarch  calls  it  Ofyris  ana  Syris  ; 
Af^oUonitis^TritonJPUnyyAfiraton,  Diodorus  A^uila,  Cedrenus  Chryforrhot i> 
Dyonifius  Syene:  The  Ahyjfmes  ^yXtit  Abanha  yth&  Negroes  fix  Moors yTak" 
kui  j  the  Inhabitants  of  Goyamefyy  Report  of  Sanatius, call  it  Gihon;  and 
the  Lybians  and  Africans, Nilus.  It  runs  many  Leagues,  pafles  through 
feveral  Lakes,divers  Iflands^and  Waters  the  moft  lovely  Vallies  in  the 
World.  The  heads  thereof,  now  well  known,  are  in  tAEthiepia. 

Kirchey^'froma  manufcipt  of  one  VettrVais,  (who  in  company  of 
the  Abyffine  Emperor,  in  the  year  i6i8,  AUrch  21.  moft  accurately 
fearched  for  it),tells  us,  that  it  rifes  in  the  Country  oi  Sabala}iQ\x\g 
p^rt  of  th^Province  ofAgaos,  bordering  on  Go^<i»»,whofe  Source  or 
Spring-head  firfl  appeass  in  two  Founts,  icethmg  perfedly  round: 
The  Diameter  of  each  about  1 8  Inchcs,but  in  depth  unfathomable  ; 
on  the  top  of  a  Aforafi,  or  Soggjf  fhifty  (which  fitaking  Plain,  laith 
KireheryV/M  once  a  large  opcnPooljwhich  by  length  of  time,  con- 

^  "''-',■  traced 


H" 


.—  .-•J- 


:.v> 


4«4  Of  Africa. 

uieted'SL  F?4m>  or  Craft  of  Earth,  made  more  fufeftaiiial  Aiid  firm 
by  the  prowing:  and  fpreading  of  Grafs  and  othet  Dulb  and  Slime. 
Concerning  this,  fee  more  in  the  Defcription  (^Te^f/fe/o/w ;  The 
Cataracts  or  FaSsjiipoti  the  confines  ofvdEthiopta  andwiC^/jf  ,•  And 
the  Mouths  that  often  throw  themfelves  in  the  Sea  betow  fy£gypt  ,• 
where  the  Ancients  hare  made  feven^fome  nine,  and  tiie  Moderns 
four.  But  now  there  are  but  tw€» ,  when  there  is  ho  inundation  , 
Damiata  And  Rofetta,  t 

Whatfoever  waSjOr  is,theNuibber  of  the  Ofiiartcs  of  M/e^ancient 
and  modern  Authors^  welk^  Maps,  differ  among  themkives;  for 
PomponiuSf  Strah,  Diodorus,  and  tierodotus  make  fevenj  others,with 
Ptolomy, nine, viz,,  the  Hifr<7c/M»,called  alfo  the  Campean  and  Nauera- 
tian  ;  the  Bolbitian  ;  Sebennitian  ;  Pathmetiarty  by  Strako;  Fatnian.  by 
Herodotus  in  his  EuterfeBucolian^^  the  Mendefian;  the  Tanitian  and  the 
Vetuafian.   The  othet  two  were  the  Diakos  and  the  Pmaptimi,  to 
which  fome  add  two  more.  WiHmm  ofTyre,who  had  exadlly  fearch'd 
the  Nui^berof  them  upom  thepjace,affures  us,  there  were  no  more 
but  four.  To  rcco^nctlethefeliifFerences,giveme  leave  tonote^that 
when  this  River  overflows  the  Gountry,it  then  difchargeth  it  felf  into 
other  Channels,which  remain  dry  all  the  reft  of  the  year,  and  then 
ii  is  reftrained  to  thofe  four  which  were  then  the  j?atural  branches, 
now  ftid  to  be  but  two  when  there  is  no  inundation,  i/iit.  D^miata 
sndRofitta,  by  which  its  Waters  flow  regularly  into  the  Sea.   The 
Water  has  a  foecundating  virtue,  and  peculiar  quality  to  fatten. the 
Land;  fo  that  its  yearly  inundation,  which  begins  about  the'irad- 
die  ot  5^«»^  and  ends  the  beginning  ofSeptemhr^  *^£yft  is  iTidde 
exceeding  fruitful ;  for  it  not  only  produceth  a  Harveft  plentiful , 
even  to  Admiration,  but  caufeth  an  infinite  encreafe  in  all  forts  of 
Gattel  that  water  there,  and  breeds  a  prolifiej^  faculty  in  Men  and 
Wometi,  even  to  Admiration,  as  makes  Wonder  ftand  amazed  to 
fee  Nature  turn  prodigal.  This  made  the  Q)tnnofofbifis  ofty£^pt  to 
make  it  oneof  their  chief  JVr/»ft><r,whtch  they  worfhipped^nder  the 
name  of  theGoddels  Ifo.  'Xhii  alio  was  the  caufeof  thofe  npble  E- 
pithets  bep-owed  ott-  it,  viz.  The  Gift  of  Jupiter,  The  Tears  of  the  Godsy 
The  Veins  of  Paradife,  the  Seed  of  the  Gods,  &G,  The  Moors  and  Negroes 
often  call  it^The  Fomtain  of  Heavenly  Watery  and  the  Arabian  Poets  fty  le 
{t,The  Life  of  the  Earth.  Mr.Sands  tells  us,that  in  the  year  1 6i  o,atC<wV<?, 
it  ttfually  did  rife  1 5  Cubiti?;  it  rifeS  ^iierally  fixteen  Cubits.  It  is  pcr- 
wirfved  by  the  ietmngvftlie  Cattei ;  By  the  m^rks  which  arc  in,their 
welk,'  and  t^y-tlier/eightjbftftemrtiebf  theRiver,which  the  peo- 
ple lay  out  attheii-  tyind^ws  to'^ec^ire^ie  Dew  which  falls,  and 


OfAfricd.  4^5t 

Prognofticates  the  increafe.  The  caufe  orthisdverflowtflg  ofNiUiM 
varioufly  conjedured;  fome  fay^  that  the  Tempefts  of  the  Seafwdt 
the  River,*  others  affirm^that  the  Sand  which  gathers^t  theMouth^ 
ftops  the  Stream,  and  that  the  Northern  Winds  drive  it  back  again; 
Many  Moderns  oelieve^that  it  is  fwell'd  and  increas'd  by  the  melt^ 
ing  of  the  Snow,  and  the  Rains  that  £ill  in  great  dbuhiunce,ahd  at 
certain  feafons  in  t>^thiofia^'znA  in  regard  that  in  t/Egyft-it  b  Win* 
ter,  when  Summer  int/frAwpw^they  fay  .that  thzNile  encreales  "When 
other  Rivers  decreafe.  Of  late  ic  hiith  beeii  aiTerted^that  the  NUre, 
which  abounds  in  this  River,is  the  true4iatural  reafon  of  thefe  mar^ 
velous  efFe<£ls  ;  which,  being  melted  by  the  heat  of  the  Sun,  mixes 
with  the  Water,troul>les  it,ferments  it^and  fwells  it,and  makes  it  ex- 
ceeds its  bounds,*  fo  that  the  Mud.which  t\\QNik  carries  along  With 
it,  neither  comes  very  far,  nor  railes  the  Banks  any  hijglief.  The  M- 
ger  retains  the  Name  ,  which  it  received' from  thofe  people  whole 
Country  it  runs  through,*  fometimes  it  runs  under  ground,  and,be- 
fore  it  tails  into  the  Mlantkk  Ocean,divides  it  felf  into  three  prin- 
cipal Members,  Senega y  Gambia ,  and  R'to  Grande.  Enfertiles  all  the 
Countries  through  which  it  pafles,*  ^nd  in  the  Sand  are  found  good 
ftore  of  Gold.  The  Water  having  the  fame  virtue  as  Nile^his  made 
feme  believe  ,  that  thefe  two  Waters  fomewhere  meet  together. 
The  Xaire  is  confiderable  for  its  fweetnels ,  and  for  its  plenty  of 
Water.  The  Zamhera  divides  it  felf  into  three  Currents  ^  Cuama^ 
Sprito  San^Oy  and  Rio  De  los  Infantes.  The  Gbir  lofes  it  felt  often  in 
the  Sand,  and  as  many  times  retrieves  it  felf  again. 

The  greatcft  Lakes  are  Zair^  Zamhere,  and  Zaflan ,  all  three  in 
Ethiopia.  The  Mountains  of  moft  Remark  are  the  Great  and  Leff'er 
JtlaSy  th^  Chrijtal  Mountains  ^Mountains  of  the  Sun j  Saltpetre  HiU,  Sierra 
Liona,  Amara,  Mount  Table ^  andljle  Ficos  Fragofos,  Monies  Luna,  &c./ 

The  great  Atlas  (by.  the  Natives  Idvacal,.  tefte  Marmol ;  by  Aug^ 
Curio,  Anchifai  ;  hyOlearius,  Myn/e).  runs  through  Jfricai  as  Tau^ 
rus  through  JJia,  heginmn^in  Marmarica^  about  20  miles  from  A* 
lexandr  ,  extending  Weftward  (with  many  Gaps;  and  Breaks)  tp 
the  Atlantick  Ocean,  dividing  Barbary^TOva  Bellidulgerid.  No  Moun- 
tains in  Africa  are  more  celebrated  fOr  its  won4rous  height ,  that 
feems  to  reach  to  the  Skie.  The  Poets  feign'd,  that  Atlas  fuftained 
Heaven  upon  his  Shoulders,  by  reafon  of  its  exceffive  height:  Or 
elfe,  becaufe  that  Atlas  King  of  Mauritania ,  was  the  firft  that  ftu- 
died  the  motion  of  the  Heavens    ' '  '^il^  ^  ' 

^  The  Lejer  Atlas  Coafts  wjth  the  Midland  Sea ,  ext«nding  from^ 
Gibralter  to  Bona,  by  the Sfaniards,  Montes  Clar^.     -       /•  y     •    ^   ' •■*^ 
^.■x.'^i,...^  ■  \  ■■      ■-.:;■        Ooo  '.^t-The 


'■^.r 


'''■>i 


lif 


.  A 


mm 


"m^rmimm^ 


I . 


k 


4W  Of  A^tcdti. 

^^§J^nt  ^liMFViistheixiOftQOtedoft^A&if/tM.  TahU  Mount  ^-^^ 
pffirsmrar  the  jQape  GoUHop ;  not  far  off  aw  choiB.  called  oypfW 
Prsgjffos,  AfBfd  thole,  of  theJrfww  lie  between  the  two  t/£r/)w;j/Vi'$jand 
4C^  t)»e  bi^ffiliA  Afirica^  and  calkdhy  the  Inhabitants  Be//^.  Tha 
iU^Qieiitf  ;t<)pi(  fheid  MQiiotatn«  tot  be  the  Ufl^ 

Xhe  JKM»?«»fwT9f  5i«fi,1y  hich  kttm.Afrka  fromheang  a  perfe(a  Jfland, 
U4K>at;  nin^Lciagaef  in  bieadtfa  between  the  RxdSea,  andthe  Chan- 
vn^  of ,  JN^ib ;  for  from  one  Sea  to.  the  other  is  above  thirty  five 
X'Oagues.  Stories  rclaiie^  thatdilfiof  the  P^o/iw/M,Q.  deopatra^iome  of 
thQ  ^Mw#t»^  othen  that  haxe  been  Mafbers  of e/£|:;'/>r,have  ailay'd 
ip  yaii:^  to  dig  through  that  i/Mi^^nd  chatthey:  gave  over  the  enter- 
prise^ 0S  w«S  by  reafon  of  the  iMrodigioufhefs  of  the  Toyle,  asT  for 
tear'of  beinggreatly  endanger'd  by  tiheL  Red  Sea  which  wat  found  to 
be  hi&her  than  the  Medtterrawsm  Sea,  and  which  with  its  bittorne^ 
would  have  tainted  the  RLvef  Nile,  the  only  drink  of  the  9>£^ftians  i 
And  indeed  all  Authors  agree,  that  the  Waters  of  the  Nile  are  fweet^ 
l^eald^ul  and  nouriihing.  Fr^^/pive/s  defignwastoperforin  a  work-  of 
]^4roe>  by  (tiaking  Jfiica.  an  Ifland.  C/fi7/ii«im!$  intention  was  to  carry 
her  Shipfiiioto  the  RedSea  withoutany  dangeo  of  falling  mtoAugufiusi, 
hands.  The  contrivance  of  the  Soldam  was  to  carry  the  Trade  of  the 
Eurofeans  into  the  Eafi  Indies,  through  their  Territories,  in  hopes  of 
fome  great  Tribute.  But  none  of  them  were  able  to  attai  n  their  Ends. 
Africa  is  the  barreneft  and  worft  peopled  panof  our  Continent. 
Her  great  Rivers  are  full  of  Crocodiles.  HerMoiintains  andDeferts- 
fiird  with  Lions  and  other  wild  and  cruel  Beafts  ^  the  fcarctty  of 
Water  producing  manyMonfterSpWhile  Creatures  of  feveral  Ipecies 
couple  and  engender  at  the  watrinc-places,where  they  often  meet. 
Therfli,is  no  Creiiture  in  the  World  that  grows fo  big,  fromfo  fmall 
a  beginning^as  the  Crocodilc/or  it  is  hatch'd  in  an  Egg^and  grows 
every  day  as  long  as  it  lives,  which  is  fiid  to  be  an  hundred  years. 
The  Elephants  are  very  fetviceable  to  the  Africans^  as  alfo  ,are  their 
Camels  and  great  Baboons.  Dromedaries  are  a  fort  of  Camels,  lefs 
and  fwilter  than  the  others.  They  have  alfo  wild  AfTeSjUnicorns^ 
Barbary  Horfes,  Camelcons,  little  Monkyes  and  Parrots.  Their  O- 
ftf iches  aCoid  them  fine  Feathers,  and  their  Civet  Cats  are  efteem- 
ed  for  thQ.excellency  of  their  Scents. 

Amongft  agreat  number  of  different  Tongues  that  are  in  Africa,the 
flfioft  general  aretheJ?«r/W«,or^J?iM»,which  comes  fronithe  Anci- 
ent Puttick  and  the  Ar^bick  ^  thele  two  extend  ^hipugh  all  Barbary^ 

V-  BiUedttlgeridy 


# 


■J  \j 


^"^^^  V.  -'if 


•pwpl^p 


^^mmm 


m^ 


^ 


Of  Africa:  4S^ 

fj^d^Wa,  the  ^y^bpiM^  the  gre|tflft  part 


Their  Religions  in  Jfika  are  for  the  moft  part  Idolatrous,  as  Pa- 
gatiifin^and  Mahometanifm,*  chough  there  are  alfo  mixed  amongft 
them  vaft  numbers  of  Jews^  and  Chriftians  offeveral  forts. 

At  this  dayJfrica  ispoitefled  bvilOG&forts  of  |leligions3'i/i)C.C/&rf. 
fiians^  Jews,  Caffers,  Idolaters,  and  A^umetatfs,  ^^The^Cbrifiians  are 
partly  Strangers^  and  pa^tly^  Native vi  Vhereof  fikne  are  Slaves  to 
the  Turks  and  ^^r^tfrMff/^  othei-s  are  free  people.  Of  the  ^^nci  fbme 
are  Natives  ^  others  are  Grangers :  divided  they  are  into  feveral 
Tribes,  Wealthy  and  Numerous,  but^^defpifed  and  abominated  by 
the  r«rJb  and  zlfflorx^.  ,  ^^ru- ^  5^,-^ii^  v>  , 

TheC4f«r/,or  LihertinesfiolAmaLtiy  Ath^ftical  Tehents,Uve  toge- 
ther without  CeremonieSjlike  our  Fami^ifts  or  Adamites,inhabiting 
from  Mofamhi^ue,z\\  along  the  Coaft^Eleyond  ibtCape  of  Good  Hofe» 

The  Idolaters  are  numerous,  ial^egroUfid,  in  both  the  u€tbi9pisSg 
ai>d  towards  the  Great  Ocean.       '      'F  ""'^ 

The  Mahumetans  poUCefs  the  greateft  part  ofjifiiea, 

%^gyfiy  and  mou  of  the  Coad,  or  the  Red  Sea ,  and  almoft  all 
Sarbary,  belongs  to  the  Turk ,  exciting  the  Kingdoms  oi  Morocco  : 
and  Fez,,  (which  are  govem'd  by  Kings  of  their  own)  the  Cities  0^^ 
the  Pirates ,  and  fome  others  upon  the  Coafts  that  belong  to  the  ^ 
Chriftians.  c^£r^M,  Niffo'^,  CM^a  and  AfMromofciptf,  have  their^aiw 
ticular  Kings.   There  are  alio  Arakia»  Cbeijuei  in  BiSedulierid  md 
Sarra,  The  Country  tftbe  Blacks  is  under  feveral  Petty  Sovereigns , 
whofe  Jurifdiftion  is  bounded  fometimes  within  the  limits  of  a 
Town.  The  King^  ofEjig/4»^and  P<>rr«^4/ and  the  #ftf&W«rx,have 
feveral  Ports  upon  the  Sea-coft ,  for  the  better  accommodation  of 
their  Trade  into  the  Inland  Country.  The  French  alfo  poffefs  fome 
places  of Tra,de  in  Barbaryfimnea^zxidi  in  thelfland  o(  Madagafchar^ 
which  they  call  the  Dolphins  I/land,    The  grand.  Mafter  of  the  Or-i  , 
der  of  St.  John  of  Jerujalem  is  Lord  of  the  Ifland  of  Maltha^ 


,  "ji. 


I  ■.», 


"*••      t'. 


i  it 


■  AT/'''-'' 


;;  '* 


iis; .Ji.  .i.i*: .*;■*'; 


r^-' 


.  .f 


.r!ti'. 


By  the  Name  ofBarhty  was  that  part  0^4/riea  known  to  the 
Ancients  which  we  CsA\  2imgir0^>fr,whereas  the  modern  Barhry 
lies  di  along  upon  the  MediurrmtM  Sta  y  being  the  beii^  and  beft 
*%    m.  peopled 


'M^ 


R1   «. 


i^' 


^«  •i>:6 


Of  Barlarf.  i^^p 

peopled  Gcmntrjr  of  ^(  ^/irn  ,  rby  reaibn  of  the  cotivcAience  of 
Trade.  The  Rwimw,  the  Ssrazm^,  ch«  VanM,  the  Ardkigns,  the 
A/oorx,the7ir4i,haVe  been  fucceffively  Lords  thereof,  and  have  cal- 
led the  Cities  by  different  Names;  but.  at  this  day,  a  great  part  of 
:  it  is  under  the  Turk,  The  Emperor  otFex»  and  Morocco  rules  the 
Nortb-fM  part.  The  SpanutrJs,  Portugah,  Engliflt  and  Dutchj  poffcfs 
feveral  places  upon  the  Coaft.  Sufwt,  Confiant'me,  Cohco,  Labesj-Ave 
little  Kingdoms  that  lie  in  the  Mountains.  S ah fTttuan^Algler, Tunis, 
and  Trifo^elong  to  the  Tirats-^  the  three  laft  under  the  Prote<ai- 
on  of  the  Grand  Siptior,  who  fends  a  BaRia  to  each,  tho  they  have 
but  very  little  Authority.  The  French  hold  the  place  called,  Tbi 
Bafiion  cf  France ^  and  the  Gemefes  the  Ifland  Tabarque. 

Barbary  is  inhabited  by  the  Africans  or  Bereberes ,  oftiier  called 
Moors,  There  are  alfo  fome  Arabians  who  fettled  themfclv  eg  Acre 
in  the  Year  999.  They  live  in  the  open  Fields  in  Adouares ,  or 
Commonalties  compos  a  of  feveral  Families,  which  they  call  JB4- 
raques,  where  they  have  an  100  or  zoo  Tents  fet  up  in  a  Round. 

The  Inhabitants  are  generally  of  a  duskifh  ,  or  rather  blacki/h 
Complexion ,  naturally  ingenious,  and  given  to  Arts  and  Litera- 
ture, nudious  in  their  Law,*  verjr  diftruftful ,  inconftant,  crafty^ 
malicious  when  angred  j  very  a<ftive,  good  Horfemen,  of  a  ft^tely 
Gate,  coftly  in  their  Apparel,  and  jealous  of  their  Wives,  who  are  f  > 
of  a  comely  Body,  well  featured  ,  of  delicate  foft  Skins,  and  m  v| 
their  Drefs  exceeding  fumptuous. 

The  Language  fpokea ,  at  prefent ,  in  moft  of  the  Maritime:   | } 
Towns  is  thfi  Arabick ,  but  in  Fez,  and  Mmcco  the  Punick,  or  old  ' « 
African,  the  ancient  Language  of  the  Country.  •'        | 

'Tis  fituate  between  30  and  3  y  Degrees  of  Northern  Latitude,the 
longeft  Summers  day  about  12  hours  one  quarter,  increafed  to  14; 
and  one  quarter  in  the  moft  Northern  parts ,%  it  is  extended ,  in 
length,  from  the  Atlantick  Ocean  to  Fgjft^  in  breadth,  from  the: 
Mediterranean  Sea  to  the  Atlas  Mountains. 

Barbary  comprehends  feveral  Kingdoms  that  contain  Cities  of 
the  fame  Name,  Morocco^  FeZiTeknfen,  or  Tremifen^  Algier ,  Tums^ 
Trifoljfj  and  Barea^ 


i|.- 

^•K: 


i'- 


'M'i 


V.v 


■4^ 


to  the       1 

:•'                  ■ 

d'bS       1 

copied       1 

v.. 


-^    .,    ,. 

•■/    \         '.     '""(,. :>q 

r" 

©f  -v'"-'' 

^. 

}i»*imm^^^^ifimtit^mmmmitm^ 


47D 


..>.^ 

N 


^Of  the.  Kiogdom  biP 'FE2^ 


l^l 


WO^ 


i':'  '- 


'>f  •         I 


:/ 


Ati^nticic 


nn  H I S  Countnr  lies  between  the  Mediterranean  Sea  and  Morotei>. 
.^ry^V^  ^""^^  ^^^  South,  and  between  the  Ocean  ^tlantick, 
and  the  jirperme  Tcrntones  of  the  Weft  «nd  Eaft,  and  contains  the 


■^?v. 


■A- 


ancient 


id* 


"■'    .  """■'•-^■•■iWliPipiipppiipnw 


wpip 


V 


Of.  thit  King^  of  Fez.  '  '^y^ 

anciont  MnMritanmy  Tinpt^ntM,   'Tis  now  divided  into  feven  Part) 
or  pfOvinccs.w;6,  7emtlne,Fez,j^srfHahafjErrififiarret,  and  Cbaus. 

The  chjel  Places  of  the  Province  oiTemefne  are,  i.  Rahatb,  Opi- 
ffivm  o//m  Efifcofatis  Tmfitan/e^hwiXt  after  the  Model  of  Afcrocco^with 
its  AquaduA  12  Miles  long,  by  King  Mmfor, 

Anfa  and  Anafe  on  the  Coaift ,  feated  in  a  delightful  plain ,  was 
once  one  of  the  moft  famous  Cities  of  Africa  for  its  Trade  with  the 
Unglifi  and  Tortugah,  and  for  its  Riches  j  but  being  addided  to  Pi- 
racy, was  the  caufe  of  its  Ruine,  and  of  that  oiAtmanfir. 

Muchatia  on  the  Gun  is  now  famous  only  for  the  Tomb  of  one 
of  their  iV/or«^«/i  or..S<i/»ri. 

Adtmlum  is  noted  jfbr  its  many  Iron  Mines  about  it»         1 

Tezaget  for  its  (tore  of  Grains.    .>/.  '.  !*  '  vAut.,..  ti_  r.*"^  > 

The  Province  of  Fez.  lies  between  the  Rivers  of  SubaySaUr,  tefit. 
Maim,  &  Cafi,  and  Baragrag,  the  Sak  of  Tlin.  P^"/  &c.  The  Orna- 
ment of  this  Province,  nay,  of  all  Barbary  is  F<f»,  \ ,  hich  the  Afoi^o- 
metant  call,  7i#  Coiwt  gf  the  JVeJt,  about  a  Degree  f  roni  tlie  Oc^an> 
and  as  much  from  the  Mediterranean  Sea,  VoM.:^s  Ttrfritamt.  Ptol.  Vo^ 
Mbite,  TUn.  tef^e  Marmoh  Ovtf^ttCiKifjSeldeni,  um  fairett  and  peft  City 
of  all  Barbkfjy  but  the  Komantick  Defcription  by  //7/w,  Bkwey  &c» 
is  vt  1  y  different  from  our  later  Relations,  fo  that  I  can  write  nothing, 
of  it  with  certainty 

The  City  of'  Mahmora  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Tertugds  'in 
lyiy,  but  retaken  by  the  King  ofFex^  who  there  defeated'ioooo 
ChriAians,  and  got  60  pieces  of  Artillery  ^  taken  again  by  the  Sfa-^ 
niardsy  1614.  and  fortified,  having  a  good  Port. 

SaUy,  or  Sale^  is  the  Salu  Vim.  Ptol.  &  Sol.  Sella,  Jo.  Leoni  ,•  Cela, 
Marm.  is  compofed  of  two  Cities,  the  Old  and  New;  its  Fortrefi 
is  on  a  rifing  Ground ,  with  an  high  Tower  ;  in  its  Caftle  is  the 
magnificent  Tomb  of  King  Man/on  and  others  ^  it  hath  a  Trade 
with  the  Ertglijh,  French,  Dutch,  and  Genouefe,  but  'tis  moft  enriched 
by  its  Piracies,  ; 

MchneJSj  between  Sal'j  and  Fez,,  is  encompalTed  with  Gardens  of 
excellent  Fruits,  as  Tcmegranates,  Citrons,  Oranges,  Lewmons,'Figs,  O- 
hves,  Graces,  &C. 

'  Afgar,  OT.Azgar,towArds  the  Sea,  affords  Few  and  M,,r(l:es,whQr& 
tliey  catch  i^ore  of  Eels  :  And  ftore  oi  Forefis ,  whence  they  havo 
Char-coal  and  JVci)d,^hofQ  chief  places  were  Elgiumha,  or  Elgiuhma, 
now  only  a  Granary,  where  the  Arabs,  ftore  up  their  Coin. 

Cafar-Elcjber,  or  Alcazar,  is  a  place  of  pleafujc,  built  by  King 
Manfor,  famous  for  the  Battel  which  Don  Scba(lian,  King  of  Pcrtugal', 

loft- 


■\ 


M. 


:%. 


I-   H 


huL. 


471  Of  the  Kingdom  cfFex^ 

loft  in  I  ^78.  fought  near  tliis  place  ,•  in  which  all  thr^e  of  the  Com- 
petitors loft  their  Lives,-  Don  Sebafiian  was  flairi  in  the  Field,  Muly 
Mahomet  o?  Fez,  was  disowned,  and  JUelme lech  6f  Morocco  tht  Con^ 
qucror^  died  either  with  the  labour  and  pains,  or  with  the  Sicknels 
-With  which  he  was  feized  before  the  Battel ;  ahd,amongft  feveral 
others  of  eminent  Quality ,  was  that  famous  infamous  Englijh  Kq- 
hoi  Stuckle^  flain. 

LharaiSy  or  Larrach,  the  Lixos  of  Plin.  Lixa^Ptol.  Lix,Soltefie 
Marm.  Arais.  Africanis ,  once  greater  than  the  great  Carthage,  the 
Royal  Refidence  oi  Antaus ,  whom  Hercules  defeated  ,  and  from 
whence  he  brought  the  Golden  Apfles  ,  gathered  in  the  HeJ>erides 
Gardens,  is  now  one  of  the  principal  Fortreffes  of  the  Kingdom, 
delivered  to  the  Spaniards  by  Mulj  Xecque  r6 10.  for  which  he  loft 
his  Life  by  his  own  People. 

Hahat  is  one  of  the  moft  confider^ible  Provinces  in  Fez,;  its  chief 
Cities  are  ArzMla,  Ziliay  Ptol.  Zelis,  Strab.  tefie  Marmol.  took  by  the 
Tmugah  i^jj,  but  in  the  Year  i  y 08.  befieged  by  Muley  Mahomet ^ 
and  Oataz,^  who  took  the  City  and  Caftle  ,•  the  Portuhals  fecuring 
themfelves  in  the  Tower,  were  relieved,  and  retook  me, City  and 
Caftle  ,•  retaken  fince  by  the  Xerifs,  who  at  prefent  keep  it.  It  was 
oftentimes  the  retreat  or  fhelter  of  Gajland  in.  his  Wars  againft  $en 
Boucan^andTaffilette.  ■  /^'k''::-.^('' -J.^' ' 

Tangier fCingiyStr ah.  &  Plin.  ThgisjPtol.  Tingios  Steph.  Tangeri  Mar' 
mot.  fome  Writers  tell  us  that  it  was  firft  built  hyVhut;  others  fay 
k  was  founded  by  Syphax,  Son  to  Ant aus,  flain  by  the  tybian  Hercu- 
les, and  called  atter  his  Mother^  Name  Tartgena ,  but  depopulated 
^nd  ruined  by  the  Civil  Wars  among  the  Natives:  After  vvhichthe 
Romans,  making  themfelves  Matters  of  the  Country,  re-edified  or 
founded  this  City,  which  gave  Name  to  the  whole  Country  of  Fez. 
and  Morocco,  caX\<id,Tmgitana,Mauritana,vitidc£  whom  it  continued, 
until  the  Goths  over-ran  the  whole  Country :  Thefe  were  difpoflef- 
fed  by  the  Africans  and  Arabinns;  fi^rft  attempted,  in  Vain,  in  the 
Year  148;.  by  the  King  ofFvrtugal;  but  in  the  Year  ip8,  it 


was 


feized  by  the  Govcrnonr  <if  Arziua  for  the  King  of  Portugal,  who 
ftrongly  fortified  it.  In  the  Year  i66r,  it  was  delivered  into  the 
hands  of  the  King  of  Great  Britain,  Charles  II.  as  part  of  the  Dow- 
ry of  His  Royal  Confort  Queen  Katherine, 

Tettuan,  or  Tatteguin,  is  a  well-builtTown,  and  keeps  many  Chri- 
flian  Slaves. 


M^ 


, .  >         .       ^ 


w.    ,-      '    > 


Viut* 


^.  V,. 


"*9"V 


unp 


■H|i^"W 


Of  the  Kingdoin  of  Fez, 


^7\ 


Ciut^ 


rCeuta  femains  in  the  hands  of  the  Spaniards.  '  ■  •   "^'.  -     • 

The  Mountains  or  Cavilas  of  this  pfoyince.are  very  confidera- 
h\e,  viz.  yirfgera  (or  Flax  3indTimher,    *  i.:^:  -sVt    •>:.,       .-  •; 

Gazar  Azzazir  ,  once  belonging  tp  the  Tortugah.  Chthib  much 
enlarged.  ^%A 

The  Province  o^Errif  is  very  mountainous/  and  vvocdyj  abun- 
dant in  Barly,  Vines,  Figs,  Olives  and  Almonds. 

Gomtr  is  feated  on  a  River  of  the  iame  l^ame.     , !  • 

Tfre^  drives  a  Trade  in  5^/r-iv/fe.;. 

Bedis,  or  J5e/«,with  its  Caftle  and  Palace,  niaintain  fonie  Gallies, 
but  much  molefted  by  the  Fort  V'mnon  de  Vekzy  held  by  the  Sfarti-   ' 
ards  in  an  Ifland  hard  by  it. 

Mizemma,  or  Bozuma,  formerly  great  and  well  peopled,  where 
the  Fr«»c;&  intended  to  fettle  a  FaAory  or  Trade. 

Of  the  Mountains  or  Cavila's,  that  o£ Benigtiaze'valj  or  BenTiarael^ 
can  arm  2  jooo  men,  and  hath  a  l^ukam  which  continually  cafts  out 
Fire.  It  found  a  Months  work  for  Taffikis  Army,  after  he  had  taken 
F*t,by  Stratagem. 

Sufaon  is  one  of  the  moft  fruitful  andmoft  pleafant  places  oiJfri^ 
ca;  its  people,  under  the"-XJ?f«;,  keeping  themfelves  in  Liberty. 

Gehha,  or  Gebbay  is  the  Sefiiaria,  of  Ptol.  tejh  Caftal.  but  according 
to  Mol.  Capo  de  ires  Foveas  ,  'is  the  Seftiaria  of  old  ;  and  Capo  de  tra 
Foveas  is  Me^agonium  Stvab.  Metagonitas  Ptol.  Cafial.  But  Capo  de 
Cafafa  tefie  Mol. 

The  Province  o^  Garret  lies  upon  the  Coaft  of  the  Mediterranean 
Seaj  extending  to  the  River  Mulvia,  which  feparates  it  from  Teleu- 
fin  ^  its  chief  place  is  Melilla,  Ryjfadirum  Ptol.  Rufader,  Ant.  Rufardivy 
Plin.  tefie  Marmolio,  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Spaniards,  taken  Anm 
I J97.  by  yohn  Gufman,  Duke  oi Medina  Sidonia.  Chufafa  was  taken 
before  by  Ferdinand  King  ofCafiile,  &c.  ^; 

The  Province  of  Chaus  is  very  large ,  among  its  Cities  Tezza  is 
the  cliief/efteemed  the  thii'd  of  the  Kingdom,  adorned  with  three 
CoUedges,  25  Banians,  many  Hofpitals,  and  100  Mofques  or  Tem^ 
pjes,  and  4  Magnificent  CalKe. 

2.  Turret,  feated  on  a  Hill  in  the  midft  of  a  Plain  ,  very  advan- 
tageoufly  enclofed  with  ftrong  Walls.  ^. 

3.  Dubdu,  on  the  fide  of  an  high  Mountain,  from  which  niiny 
Fountains  defcend.  '•* 

Among  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Mountains  fome  are  rich,  and  o- 
thers  poor  J  fome  are  fruitful  in  Vineyards,  fome  in  Fruits,  and  feme 
..  .■•.  ■    ^       1  ■    •     Pp  P  ^~:        •       '   J-'m-     ift 


1 . 


^■Wil 


of  the  KittgJoM  of  Fez, 


.ti.'^ 


I 


474 

in  Paftures.  In  this  Province  is  the  noted  Basket-bridge  ovfir  the 
River  Sebu,  the  Subur-oiTlin.  &Ttol.ttfie  Marmol.  &  Cafi.  between 
two  high  Rocks,  i  yo  yards  from  the  Water. 

G/&(?r^/«i»  is  beyond  the  >iff/d!j  Mountains. .      \     \. 

Garjis  is  the  Galapha  ofPtol.  tefii  Marm.  ^ 

The  K'ngdom  of  A/orocco^with  that  oiFez,^  contains  the  ancient 
Alauritania,  Tingitania.  '  '    *- 

'Tis  divided  into  feven  ProvinceSjt;;?,.  Sus,  Hea,  Guz,ula,  Morocco^ 
TeUesjHafcora^  and  Ducala,  and  contains  the  ancient  Mauritania  Si- 
tlfenjiis. 

C.  Cautin  is  the  Vfadlum'Vtol.  tefie  Baud.  Marmol.  makes  Ufadium  to 
be  C.  de  Alguer.  Mercat.  makes  Herculis  Promontoriuw  to  be  Caho  Cantin. 

Sus  Province  lies  about  the  River  5»,f,and  extends  as  far  as  Cape 
•  Non  y  whofe  chief  City  is  Taradunt ,  where  the  EngUJh  and  French 
Merchants  have  a  Staple  for  their  Sugars,  the  only  Mart-Town  of 
all  the  Country. 

Ttfelfeldt  is  the  Tamujida,  or  Jhamujide  oi  Ant.  tefie  Marmot. 

Mcjja,  feated  at  the  Flux  of  the  River  Sus^  is  compofed  of  three 
little  Cities.  ,     .  ^ 

Tedfa,  accounted  larger,  but  not  fo  rich  as  Taradant.  c 

Teient  on  the  Sus  is  compofed  of  three  Towns ,  each  diftarit  a 
mile  from  the  other,  having  their  Temple  in  the  midft. 

The  Fortrefs  and  City  oi  Guarguejfen  belongs  to  the  Vortugals. 

Aguar  is  a  Promontory  of  great  importance,  near  which  is  San- 
Qa  Crux  hmXthy  t\iQ  Vortugals. 

MafagaUy  or  Mazjuigrany  Cartenna,  Cafi»  Mofiagan  Marm.  Cireelli 
Etrobio, 

The  Province  ofGuzula  is  not  far  from  the  Seat  of  the  Ancient 
Getuly^it  hath  many  Boroughs  and  Towns,  but  no  walled  Cities  or 
Forteues  -y  faid,  by  Sanfin  jto  be  rich  in  Mines  of  Gold,  Brafs,  Iron, 
&c. 

The  Province  of  Morocco,  the  chief  City  bears  the  fame  Name,  the 
Bocanum  Homerum  ofPtoLHiff.MarueccosGal.Maroe.  tefie  Nig.d^Curi- 
one,  and  was  the  chief  of  the  whole  Kingdom,  and  once  the  Metro- 
polis of  all  Barbary,  at  which  time  it  haa  24  Gates,  in  Circuit  con- 
tained 1 2  Miles,and  about  1 00000  Familics,ftrongly  girt  about  with 
walls,  and  adorned  with  many  pubick  and  private  Buildings,-  efpeci- 
ally  one  Mofque,  accounted  the  greateft  in  the  World  feated  in  the 
midft  of  the  City,  beautified  with  a  ftately  high  Steeple.  A  Caftle  as 
big  as  a  Town,  in  the  middle  whereof  is  a  Temple,  on  the  Top  of 
whofe  Tower  are  three  Balls  of  Gold  eftcemed  worth  26ooooDucats,. 

fcx 


*       "    Of  the  Kingdom  of  Fez,  ~         475^ 

fo  fixed  by  Magick,  as  that  they  cannot  be  taken  away.  However 
now  much  of  its  Splendor  is  loft,  and^  a  great  part  of  the  City  is. 
deferted,  and  its  Trade  decayed. 

Afmet,  once  fo  adorned  with  pleafant  Gardens ,  fruitful  Vine- 
yard!, and  fertile  Fields,  that  it  was  called  the  Little  Morocco 

Etgblumha  is  but  a  ftnall  place. 

Imegiagen  is  feated  on  a  high  Mountain,  as  is  si\£ojremella.  Tenez-* 
za  is  a  Town  of  fome  Note. 

The  Province  of  Hm  is  mountainous  and  woody,  inhabited  by 
.in  idle  and  barbarous  people  ,•  its  chiefcft  Cities  are  Tcduefi  on  the 
River  S<j!«f»j,  the  Inhabitants  moft  y^w/j.  t-t 

Hadeguis,  TeFuletb,  Tejeut,  are  places  of  Trade. 

Tefegeldt,  the  Tamajida,  or  Thatnufida  of  Ant,  tefie  Marmol.  and 
Kleufugagen,Ar&  the  molt  confiderabe  of  thofe  in  the  Mountains. 

The  Ifle  of  Mogador  near  fike  Cape  oiOcem,  is  diftant  from  the 
Coaft  about  two  Leagues,where  is  built  a  Fort  to  guard  the  Mines 
of  Gold  and  Silver  which  are  in  the  neighbouring  Mountains. 

Gozoporto  is  the  Suriga  o£Ptol.  tefie  Curiam. 

Ducala  Province  is  the  moft  Northern  part  of  the  Kingdom  of 
Morocco,  whofe  chief  Cities  are -^^ss/zwer,  taken  by  t\\QPortugals  1617, 
fince  retaken  by  the  Moors ,  who  have  a  ftrong  Garifon  there,  tl;? 
Thymaterium  Hanno,  Thymiateria  Stefb.  tefie  J.  Marian.  ^  Ramu- 
fio. 

Magadan  is  fo  ftrongly  fortified  by  the  Portugals ,  that  200000 
have  in  vain  befieged  it.  Ttte  was  by  them  dilmantled.  Afaji  or 
Safa  hath  a  Frencb  Conful. 

The  Province  o£  Hafcora  hath  Elmadine  for  its  chief  City,  once 
accounted  the  Capital  of  the  Country,  whofe  Inhabitants  addid 
themfelves  to  Arts,  Traffick,  and  Manufadures.  Tegodaft  hath  fair 
Women.  Elgiumuha  is  governed  by  Artizans,  as  Tegodaft  admits  of 
none  but  Nobles.    Bz,o  is  a  place  of  fome  Trade. 

The  Province  oiTeldes  hath  the  rich  City  oiTefz^a ^hmXt  by  the 
old  African  A/oor/jbeautified  with  many  Mahometan  Mofques,and  its 
walls,  a  kind  of  Marble. 

In  thefe  two  Provinces  are  great  quantities  o£  Goats ,  of  whoft 
Skins  are  made  the  Cordovants  ,•  and  of  their  Hair,  plain  and  water- 
ed Camokts.    Their  Grapes  are  as  big  as  Pullets-Eggf. 

The  chief  Rivers  of  ^'i-r/""""  ire  the  Sus^theUva  of  Ptol.  tefie  Mar- 
Tnol.  that  waters  the  l^moern  part  ,•  the  Taijift  that  divides  it  in  the 
middle,the  Afima  of  the  Ancients  ,•  the  Oww;^?^/ which  leparatcs  ir 

P  p  p  2  troui 


'^\ 


r 


i*^W^ 


■«l«l 


n^ 


^•j4  (^  tJje  Kingdom  of  Fez, 

from  FeZy  the  Rtifihis  ?tol,  RHjubisVkJJtkenfi,  Rutuhis  Tlin,  tlntarahea 
tefie  Marptol.      «        :  . 

The  JJifrnttaly  that  makes  an  Abyfs  or  Gulph,  like  to  that  of  Si^ 
nfcli  in  Italy.   The  j4gmet  Ibfeth  it  feif  under-ground. 

The  Commodities  of  this  Country  bearing  the  Name  o^ Mercantll  • 
are  Flax,  Hem^,  Honeys  Wax,  Sugar ,  Hydes,  Mankins  or  Corda-vants 
Gourfe  Twine,  Dates,  Almonds,  Camdets,  and  other  Manufad:ures '  as 
Mats  of  very  curious  Straw,  Mantles,  Alheicks,  and  in  fome  places 
ftore  of  Saltpetre,,  As  for  the  fatnious  abundance  of  Qold  ,  there 
is  no  truth  in  it. 

The  Kingdoms  of  Fc^  and  Morocco  ought  to  be  confidered  in  three 
forts  of  Landsj  Mountains,  Campaihs,  and  Coafts.  The  Mountains 
<ind  Vallies  are  almoft  all  in  the  hands  of  the  Alarbes  and  Barabars, 
who  live  partly  free ,  and  partly  tril>otary  to  the  Zerifi.  The 
Coafts,  in  part  oelong  to  the  Moors  ,  «nd  part  to  the  Spaniards  and 
Portugah  »  thefe  holding  thofe  on  the  Atlantick  ;  the  other  on  the 
Mediterranean  Sea, 

The  Alarbes  are,  by  the  Europeans,  called  Mountaineers,  living  in 
Hairvas  or  Tents,  more  rudely  and  rovingly,  ftiifting  from  Mountain 
to  mountain  ,  according  to  their  Exigencies,  or  Fickle  Humours, 
carrying  with  them  their  Itinerary  Habitations ,  Robbery  being 
their  beft  Livelyhood. . 

The  other  fort  of  Moors  are  called  J5^r<7^/j!rj,  or  Brebers ;  thefe 
have  fixed  Dwellings,  and  live  in  Neighbourhood,  and  gather  into 
Aldeah\  Cavilah's,  or  Viliages ;.  Over  thefe  Barabars  are  lubordinate 
Governours, or  yllmocadens ,x.o  whom  they  pny  a  dutiful  OBfcrvance  • 
their  Vocation  is  Tillage  and  Grazmg. 

The  Moors  are  of  a  large  Stature,  ftrorig  Conftitution,  ftately  Car- 
riage ,  and  differing  in  Complexion,  according  to  theij  converfing 
with  the  Sun  and  Air ;  jealous  and  revengeful  ,•  implacable  in  their 
hatred,  and  impatient  till  they  have  avenged  an  injury.  -  -^ "-  f^- 
.The  FemaleA/()<^j,if  preferved  from  the  injuries  of  the  Siinand 
Weather,  are  generally  well  complexioned  ,  full  bodied,  and  of 
good  Symmetry:  thofe  that  live  in  Towns  are  inclined  to  palenefs, 
feldom  ftirring  aoroad,  unlets  to  vifit  the  Sepulchres  of  theirdeceafed 
Friends,  in  Devotion  to  pray  for  their  Felicity;  and  in  the  Night- 
time to  the  Baths  for  Health  and  Cleanlinefs  ,•  but  always  clofely 
vailed,  that  no  part  is  vifible  but  an  Eye.  In  the  ftate  of  Matrimo- 
ny their  principal  ftudy  is  to  pleafc  their  Husbands,  and  to  render 
'  themielves  delightful  to  their  Converfetion. 


Thefe 


rM 


^^^ 


^mt 


wmmmmmmmfmmmm 


mm 


Of  the  Kingi!om  of  Fez,  477 

Tliofe  Husbands  tha^  are  able,  allow  their  Wives  Negro's,  or  Black 
Women,  to  do  all  the  fervile  Offices  in  the  Family,'  yet  there  is  no 
Quality  that  fit  idle  ,•  for  the  chief  of  the  Morifco  Dames  employ  their 
time  in  fome  thrifty  Houfew^fery.  In  their  Vifits  one  to  anothcr,no 
Man,  though  never  fo  near  a  Relation,  can  be  admitted  into  their 
Society  ;  to  prevent  which,  Ihe  that  makes  the  Villt,  firft  fends  to 
know  whether  the  Husband  be  at  home,  if  not,  then  (he  goes  to  her 
Goflips  Appartment,wh,ereihe  is  entertained  with  a  Liberality  that 
never  injures  her  Husband:  And  if  the  Husband  chanceth  to  return 
home  in  the  interim  of  the  Vifit,he  is  careful  to  give  no  interruption, 
but,  upon  notice,  quickly  departs  the  Houfe,which  intimated  to  the 
Vifitant,  Ihe  alfo  mortens  the  Vifit.  T^liis  prevents  the  cultom  of 
expenfive  Gof?ipings,with  which  in  fome  Nations  fo  many  Wives  are 
debauched-  and  Husbands  beggar'd.  The  Women  are,  indeed,kept 
in  great  fubjedion  and  retirement,  which  makes  Adultery  a  Stran- 
ger to  their  Bed  :  Nor  can  it  reafonably  be  otherwife,  feeing  that 
the  Wife  is  fully  aflured  ,  that  the  very  Attempt  to  pilfer  a  Plea- 
fure,  if  difcovered,  will  coft  her  her  Life.  .    . 

There  is  a  great  appearance  of  Piety,inthecuffomary  Expreflioni 
and  Salutations  of  the  Moors  in  the  beginning  of  any  Labour  or 
Journey,  with  Zeal  and  Humility  they  will  look  u.p  to  Heav«n, 
and  with  a  low  Voice  fay,  Bijmillath  ^  that  is.  In  the  Name  of  God : 
Intimating,That  nothing  ought  to  be  enterpriz'd,but  in  the  power 
'-.  and  hope  of  the  Divine  Favour  and  Help.  And  when  the  Work, 
or  Journey  is  finifbed,they  {ay, Ham  r/cr  J//^A,Thanks  be  unto  God  ^ 
denying  all  Afcriptions  ot  Succeis  to  themfelves.  When  they  meet 
upon  #ie  Road  , '  their  Greeting  is.  El  ham  Ma  al  falam  tipji,  i.  e. 
Cod  be  fraifed  that  I  fee  thee  'well.  In  pafling  by  one  another,  Salem 
alle^u€,  Peace  be  with  thee.  At  the  hearing  of  one  .tnother  fheeze, 
tliey  {icy~—G^d  be  ymtr  Keeper.  The  like  Air  and  Genius  of  Devo- 
tion and  Piety  is  obfervable  iatheir  Letters. 

This  Country,  abounds  with  Giammas,  Mofchs,  or  Churches,  to 
v^  '"h  the  Moors  perform  a  great  Reverence  and  Liberality,  nevep 
fufFering  them  to  be  prophaned,  nor  to  want  a  competent  Stock  to- 
keep  them  in  Repair  ,•  their  Scituation  is  Eaft  and  Welt.  ■  >:.f  . 
,  In  greater  Towns  there  are  many  Giammas ;  in  Tituan.  15:;,  in. 
Jlcaz,ar  more  ;  in  Arz.iUa  < ,  and  in  Ftz>.  700. 

The  Moors  have  at  this  aay  no  Schools  of  Science,  like  the  Euro- 
peah  Univerfities  and  Colleges.  As  tor  the  College  called  Jmaro^ 
dock  in  Fex,,whofe  Stru<5ture  coft  King  JbaHtnan  480000  Crowns^ 
aud  which  has  been  fo  often  cclerated  foi  its.  deli^htiul  Situatiaj^ 


.:  -n 


,   Of  the  Kingdom  of  Fez,  - 

Mcfaick  Arches^  and  Brazen  Gates^  it  is  now  wholy  deftitute  of  Stu- 
dents. There  are  only  petty  Schools  to  write  and  read  ,•  and  when 
the  Pupil  can  read  the  ^W^jw  withperlpicuity,snd  underftandthe 
principal  Points  it  contains,  and  bears  a  good  affe<Jlion  tothePrieft- 
iiood,  and  is  informed  of  the  Rites  of  the  Giamma,  which  are  few 
and  eafie,  and  is  deemed  competent  for  Age  and  Learning  ,  then 
two  or  three  Alfaquis,  or  Priefis,  examine  the  Candidate,  and  being 
found  deferving  ,  they  grant  him  Teftimonials  of  his  willingnels 
jtnd  abilities  to  be  an  Alfaqui ;  and  this  is  all  the  Education  and 
Orders  bellowed  upon  their  Friefis, 

The  Moors  feafon  of  Prayer  is  five  times  in  24  hours :  The  firft 
is  about  Noon;  the  fecond  about  Three  of  the  Clock  in  the  After- 
noon ,♦  the  third  at  the  going  down  of  the  Sun ;  the  fourth  a  little 
within  Night ;  the  fifth  a  little  before  day  in  the  Winter.  In  their 
Addreffes  to  thefe  Holy  Celebrations ,  the  Moors  ufe  great  tokens 
of  Reverence,  being  very  careful  by  waftiing,  &c.  in  fitting  them- 
felves  for  the  Giawma. 

And  here  give  me  leave  to  hint,whatfome  of  thefe  Men  (which 
we  count  Barbariam)  have  animadverted.  That  the  irreverent  Carri- 
age in  Holy  Places  ,  and  fawcy  Behaviour  at  our  Sacred  Solemnities  by 
Jome  of  us  Chrifiiansy  are  great  Rtf  roaches  to  our  Religion  ,  and  often  by 
them  refented  •with  Anger  and  Indignation. 

Prayef-  they  ftile ,  The  Key  of  Paradije,  and.  The  Pillar  of  Religion  ; 
and  generally  maintain  fo  cai'eful  a  performance  of  this  publick  Du- 
ty, that  no  (ecular  Bufinefs  can  detain  them  from ,  nor  any  thing 
divert  them  at  their  Devotion. 

As  every  Cavila  have  an  Alcalib ,  or  High  Priefi ,  cholendoy  the 
Alfaquis,  or  Priefi,  who  is  pofTelTed  of  the  Giamma  Geber,  or  Great 
Church,  wherein  every  Friday,  which  is  their  Sabbath,  he  expounds 
fome  Text  of  the  Alcoran  ;  fo  alfo  every  Cavila  and  Toivn  have  a 
particular  Alcadde,  from  whom  they  cannot  appeal  to  any  other  but 
Alcadde  Gheber,  or  the  chief  of  thefe  Jujlicers,  who  is  appointed  to 
receive  fuch  Appeals,  and  is  in  conftant  attendance  upon  the  King 
or  chief  Governor.  The  Alcaddees  fit  in  the  Gates  of  the  Cavila,OT 
fome  publick  place,  to  hear  and  determine  all  Cafes.  And  the  Al' 
coran  being  the  immutable  Rule  both  of  Civil  Juftice  and  Religion, 
therefore,  according  to  the  Letter  and  interpretation  thereof,  the 
Alcaddee  frames  all  his  Definitions  and  Judgments  :  Here's  no  in- 
treaguing  the  Plea,  with  Rtjolutions, Cafes,  Prefidents,  Retorts,  Old  Sta- 
tutes, bur  according  to  the  freih  circumftances  of  the  ra<ft,  and  the 
proof  of  what  is  all(;dged. 

AduU 


WF 


Of  the  Kingdom  of  Fez. 


wmmmmm 


A79 


Jdultery  is  a  Capital  Crime  in  the  Morefco  Catalogue  ,  and  the 
perlbn  ConviAed  thereof,  without  any  regard  of  his  Eminence  or 
Quality ,  is  certainly  ftoned  to  Death. 

For  the  firft  Theft  the  ConviA  is  publickly  whipped  in  the  Mar- 
ket. For  the  Second,  he  lofeth  his  Hand.  For  the  third,  he  dies 
exquifitely  tormented,  and  then  expofed  to  the  Birds  of  Prey.  All 
Homicide,  or  killing  of  a  Man  by  a  Man,  is  Capital.  - 

Ufttry  is  totally  forbidden  by  their  Law,*  for  Mahomet  hath  mad« 
it  an  irremiflible  Sin  ,•  but  he  that  borrows  Mony  of  another  where- 
with to  traffick  and  gain  ,  gives  the  Lender  an  equal  ftiare  of  the 
Profits  ,•  and  it  is  ufual  for  the  Lender  to  forbear  the  Borrower,  till 
he  perceive  him  fraudulent,  carelefs,  or  unfortunate.   .  ' 

Marriage  is  in  fo  peculiar  an  Eftimation  ,  that  Mahomet  made  it 
the  fecond  of  his  eight  Precepts  j  and  the  Moors  are  fo  generally 
obfervant  of  this  Commandment,  that  few  among  them  are  found 
to  live  out  of  the  ftate  of  Wedlock,  if  they  are  able  to  purchafe  a 
Wife. 

Tolygamyy  Concubinage,  and  Divorce,  are  ufed  by  them  •  for  Ma- 
homet, that  he  might  the  better  compleat  the  loole  Humours  of  his 
firft  Sedaries,  made  his  Religion  to  contain  many  carnal  Indulgen- 
,ces,  denying  nothing  to  Mtiffiilmen  thM  had  any  fenfible  compliance 
with  their  brutal  Affedlions. 


p 


r. 


.4«o 


ij' 


V 


I  . ■"' 


Of  ALGIER.  ' 

^pIIE  Kinnaom_or.%Vr  is  F.imous  as  well  for  its  Riches  and 
X    forces,  as  for  its  Piracies  of  ChriftLins,  and  its  Barbnroufnefs 
to  Its  Captives     It  was  known  to  tJie  Ancients   by  the  Name  of 
Mm-itama  Ca'j.iTknJis,  '' 

'  .  •    '    \        •         -  Gcogra- 


■TOPW^W 


VMPmHP 


■■■■ 


w 


mf 


l)f  A  L  G  I  E  R. 


^Bi 


Geographers  divided  it  into  five  Parts  or  Kingdoms ,  Tflenfin  ^  Tenet, 
Algier,  Bugid,  AndConfiantina  :  Grafnmajus^  tells  us.  That  the  Tiirlj 
have  eftabiiflied  therein  twenty  Governments,  whereof  ten  are  upon 
the  Coaft,  and  ttn  within  Land  :  To  thefe  lie  alfb  adds  ten  Divifi- 
ons  more  but  fo  intermixed  and  uncertain  ,  that  1  flialljict  mention 
them.  -  ■     ' 

But  I  Hiall  proceed  to  a  Defcription  of  the  five  principal  Partsafore- 
faid  i  and  firft  of  the  Province  of  Telenfin,  by  the  Inhabitants  called 
Tremecen,  from  its  chief  City,  which  is  the  Ttmici  ofPlin.  and  Ptol, 
Marmol  diftant  about  feven  or  eight  Leagues  from  the  Sea.  In  th6  de*^ 
cay  of  tlie  Saracenical  Empire,  it  ufurped  the  Majefty  pf  a  Kingly  Titlei^ 
which,  tho'  much  difgraced  by  being  made  fubjeA  to  Abulthafen^  King 
of  Fez.y  after  a  Siege  of  Thirty  Months,  yet  at  laft  it  affumed  its 
Liberty  under  divers  Kings  of  its  own^  one  of  which,  viz,.  AbdaUa^ 
fliaking  off  the  Spanijh  Allegiance,  fubmited  himfelf  and  Kiilgdonftb 
Solyman  the  Magnificent.  .  It  was- once  a  City  one  of  the  greateft  and 
faireft  of  Barharyy  and  very  ftrong  ^  for  it  luftained  a  Siege  of  feve* 
years  againft  Jofefh  the  puiffantKingof  F^si,  and  at  laft  forced  him  to 
raife  it. 

Humain  al.  One  is  the  Antient  Artifiga^  Sanf.Cifira  &  Sigar  ofPtof, 
CafiaUo.  in  in f.  ruined  by  the CajHUans,  The  Coimtry  aBodb^t  a- 
bourids  with  Figs,  Oranges,  Pomgranets,  and  Cotton,  of  which  the 
Injiabitants  make  divers  Manufadures.    '    uor^i  lv  -  ^v-.'  ,  -  -  ': 

Harefgol  or  Arefgol  is  the  Siga  of  Strab.  Plin,  and  Metdi  tefie  Marmot. 
by  fome  Zerfen  or  Zerfen  :  A  Roman  Colony  and  Refidence  of  Syphax, 
before  he  feized  theEftateof  Maj^nijfa.  Its  fituation  is  on  a  Rock, 
fnrrounded  with  the  Sea,  except  on  the  South  fide ;  once  much  greater 
tl  mit  is  ,•  but  the  ill  treatment  it  hath  received  from  the  Kings  of 
Fe  '^,  from  the  Califfs ,  from  the  Moors,  from  the  Caftiliam,  and  from 
tht  Arabs,  hath  reduced  it  to  that  fmalleftate  that  it  is  now  at,  under 
the  Government  of  ^i^/Vr. 

Oran,  which  the  Africans  call  Tuharan  f  rather  Guharan)  the  Nubian 
Veo.  Vaharan,  \s  this  |C«(/^  of  th©Antient&  Sanf.  The  ^iz,a  and 
Zenitana  of  Plin.  the  Bitx,ia  of  Ptol.  taken  by  Cardinal  Xijfines,  in 
the  year  1^09.  at  which  time  the  Spaniards  \o^  hut  fi^y  Mtn,  kill- 
ed K)ur  thoufand  Moors ,  redelivered  twenty  thoufand  Chriftian 
Captives.  .  .      .' 

Marfa  el  ^iher  Sanf.  Mar^chiba'r  Mff^.  Marz^a  ^uivir  Baud.  Portus 
Magnus  of  Plin.  and  Mela ;  taken  by  the  Marqueisof  Comares,  An.. 
I  foy.  for  the  Spaniards:^  It  is  one  of  .l^he  faireft,  greateft  and  fecureft 
Ports  in  all  ^/f^.    ^Ii^?-n,ca  io^ano  ^jT     .urv.  -.r-i   ;-^^^  ,v- >;    vv 

/""•."--■      Qqq  '..     -  .  .  .-;.     ^" 


^■, 


48x  Of  A  LG  r  E  R. 

Tefizara  or  Tefefrt  was  the  Afialicls  or  JJtacilitls  of  P^e/.  f^/^ 
Mfirmol.  "  • 

Hubhede  or  Hubet ,  is  the  Mhiara  of  Pro/,   the  M»tf   of  >^»f. 

Guaglda  the  Lanigara,  of  Pro/.  Marmol.  is  the  capital  City  of  the 
Province  ofHanghad  or  Anghad^  poffeffed  by  the  ^r^^j,  and  noted 
for  its  Oftriches. 

Beniarax,  or  Beniard/id,  the  Bunobora  of  Pro/,  ^of^/  is  the   Capital 
Town  of  the  province  fo  called  ,•  it  contains  twenty  five  thouland 
Inhabitants,  and  pay  twenty  five  thoufand  Ducates  of  Tributes. 
Calat-HaoofM^  or  the  Urbara  of  old,  is  ftrong. 
Moafcar,  the  Vi^ma  of  Pro/,  is  the  Refidence  of  the  Governour  of 
\\it  Akerims,         -  ■ 

Batba  is  the  Vaga  of  old  much  mined;  but  f^tllanov.and  Mot.  tell  us. 
That  Vaga  is  now  Tegmedel. 

Tei^sisa.  Country  both  plain  and  mountanous,  yielding  Fruits, 
Wax,  Hony  and  Cattle :  Its  chief  City  beareth  the  fame  Name,  and 
by  Sanfon  is  the  Jol  and  Julia  Cafaria  of  Plin.  Strab.Scc.  feated  near  to  the 
Sea,  having  a  Caftle  and  Palace,  formerly  the  abode  of  its  Kings, 
now  of  its  Governours :  other  places  are  Brifch  alias  Brexcar,  the 
kofium  of  Tlin,  and  Mtla.  Sans,  But  Cafial.  and  Alek  tell  us,  Icojium 
is  Acor, 

Melian  is  on  the  mountains!,  fo  is  Bent  Abucatd  and  Guanfer  the 
Zabacus  of  Ttok  which  can  raife  two  or  three  thoufand  Horie,  and 
fifteen  or  fixteen  thoufand  Foot. 

Mofiagan  is  the  Cartmna  of  Mela.  Ant.  and  Vtol,  Marm.  Mazzagran 
Calt.  CiniUi  Etrobio. 

The  Government  of  Algier  comprehends  likewife  that  ofCouco  in. 
the  Mountains,  Built  on  the  top  ot  a  Rock,  whofe  Governors  have 
often  difputed  their  Liberty  with  the  Deys  of -^/^«r.  Thefe  Moun- 
tains are  two  or  three  days  Journey  long,  and  their  Approaches  dif- 
ficult. They  yield  Olives,  Grapes^  and  efpeciaily  Figs,  which  is  th^ 
Kings  principal  Revenue :  As  alfo.  Iron  and  Salt-peter;  the  Plains 
afford  <^orn  and  Cattle.  The  Inhabitants  are  B^&beres  and  Azuages, 
well  armed  and  couragious. 

The  Metropolis  of  this  Province  is  Algier  or  Argitr,  Incolis  Gezier^ 
the  Antient  Jol  built  by  King  Juba  ,  afterwards  the  Julia  Cafaria,^ 
Plin.  tefie  Marmol.  But  Sanfon  will  have  Algier  to  be  the  Rufiurium  of 
Plin.  the  Rufuccurrum  of  Ant.t\KQ'Rhufuocorts  Ftol.  But  Marmol.  will 
have  Rufcuram  to  be  Garhele^  CafiaUltts  will  have  Algier  td  be  SMa 
of  ,P/;».  Ant.  and  Ptol.  'Tis  one  of  the  richeft  and  beft  Inhabited 
Cities  of  all^/V<7,  by  rcafon  of  the  Pyragics  oi  the  inhabitants 

upon 


Of  A  LG  I  E  n.     .  .^   -, 

upon  the  Ocean  and  Mediterranean.  It  isfaid  to  contain  fifteen  thoU" 
fand  Houfes^  and  near  as  many  Gardens  round  about  it.  abounding 
with  ftore  oFpleafant  Fruits;  with  their  Fountains,  ana  odier  places 
of  delight. 

The  Air  about  jilgier  is  pleafant  and  temperate ;  the  Land  hath 
excellent  Fruits,  as  Almonds,  D:  ;es,  Olives,  Raifins,  Figs,  fome 
Drugs,  &c.  The  Plain  of  Mottia,  fifteen  or  fixteen  Leagues  long, 
and  eight  or  ten  broad,  is  fo  fertile  ,  that  fometimes  it  yields  an 
hundred  for  one,  and  bears  twice  a  year.  But  moiV  of  thelnnabitants 
live  by  their  I^racy,  which  doth  fo  touch  enrich  the  place,  that 
Cardinal  Ximenes  was  wont  to  lay.  That  they  that  could  take  Arper^ 
would  find  Mony  enough  in  that  Town  to  Conquer  all  jffrica. 
Among  the  Tombs  without  the  City  is  remarkable,that  of  the  faireft 
Cava ,  Daughter  of  Count  Julian  of  Bettica,  who  having  been 
raviflied  by  Rodoric  King  of  the  Goths,  was  the  cau{(i  of  the  Moors 
defcent  into  Sfain,  The  Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth  loft  before  Argieir 
the  faireft  Navy  he  ever  had  in  his  life. 

The  City  ot  Temendfitfty  or  Manfira,  is  about  fix  Leagues  from 
Algier,  the  lomnium  Municiftum  of  Ttol.  the  Lonmium,  Arti,  tejte  Sanfi 
or  Caffen,  tefie  Mol. 

Te4deles,  or  Taddelef,  twenty  Leagues  from  Algiers  is  tlie  kujtpifi 
tefie  Sanf.  Salde.  Merc, 

Cercele  or  Sarcelle,  near  Albatel  or  Sagely  is  the  Rstjicihar  ft4,  tllC 
Rufubiticari  Ant.  tefte  Baud.  .  '     '  ♦    /^' 

Couco  is  a  feperate  Kingdoms  in  the  Mountains,  of  fo  cHJ!t<itttt 
accefs,  and  fo  ftrong  that  it  maintains  its  Liberty,  Qad  to  b^e  the 
Tfthfuptus  Ptol.  tefie  Baud. 

The  Province  oiBugia  lies  betwen  the  Rivers  Major  ^.thA  Sufrfntat^ 
or  Stfegmar,  the  AtnfJ'age  of  Mela,  and  Vtol.  tefie  Marr^.  And  hath 
for  its  chief  City  Bttoia,  a  large  City,  adorned  with' many  fiimptuous 
Mofques ,  fome  Monafteries  and  Colleges  for  Students  in  the 
Mahometan  Law,  and  Hofpitals  for  the  Relief  of  the  poor,  guarded 
with  a  very  ftrong  Caftle.  The  Igilgili,  Cafial.  Tabaera,  or  Tabraca, 
FazeUo.  Batda  Mol.  Marmol.  df  aliis. 

Lubez  makes  a  feparate  Eftate  above  Bugia,  and  confifts  only  in 
Mountains  of  fo  difficult  accefs,  that  they  are  fcarce  forced  to  pay 
Tribute. 

Calaa  is  the  Chief  Fortrefs  and  Refidence  of  their  Ze^fue  or 
King. 

Tezliy  and  Caco  de  Teleita,  are  at  the  foot  of  the  Mountains. 

JSfecaus  is  the  moft  pleafant  place  of  all  Barbarj,  every  Houfe  hath 
its  Garden,  and  every  Garden  is  fo  embelilbed  with  Flowers,  Vines, 

Qqqz      V  Frims 


■TT^^' 


!wqn!«>«^<vi«)iM*wMHRpa^ 


mim 


^PWJ"WP" 


*t 


484     *  Of  A  L  0  I  E  R, 

Fruits  and  Fountains,  that  it  fecms  a  Terreftrial  Paradife.  The  Ba'ga'^ 
s^Xi^Baeaia  ,  Divo  Augufiino  ,  Ub,  Cone,  Vaga  Vtol,  and  Vagenfe  Op, 
Tlin.  tefie  Marmol.  Vagal  Ant.  now  Batha. 

The  Province  of  Confiantina  hath  fometime  had  its  Kings.  This 
Prpvince  is  divided  into  three  Parts  or  Quarters,  viz^  that  of  Con- 
fiantina y  Bona  gLn^TTjebejj'a,  ,/    Iff  .^^ 

Confiantina^  which  the  Moors  or  Arabians  call  Confantina,  the  Anci- 
Clits  Qirt^ha  or  Cirta  Julia j  which  in  Ro^an  Hiftory  was  the  Refidence 
of  many:King^  of  JNww/V/*,  zs  Mafiinijfa,  unASypbax.  This  C;V?rf  was 
befieged  and  taken  \>y  MaJJinifiuy  where  Sophonisba,  the  daughter  of 
Afdrubaly  Syfhaxs  Queen  was  ,•  who  had  io  many  Attractions  and 
Gharms,  that  in  the  fame  day  flie  v^as  Captive  and  Wife  to  Mafmijfa, 
who,  that  flip  might  not  be  led  in  Triumph  through  Romcy  poyfonecl 
her  felf  Its  Otuation  on  a  Mountain,  which  hath  but  two  Avenues^ 
the  reft  being  Precipices,  makes  it  ftrong.  * 

,*  jBo»<iistheAntientHip^or<rg/W,  theBilIiop*sSeeof  St.  Augufiine  •,  ab- 
Africanis  Bened  el  Ugneb,  tefie  Marmol,  Vaga^  Silio,  Aliis  Biferta  Vecchiay 
O"  Razami^T^f  fffif  Baud, 

Thekefia  tile  'Antient  Therefiey  is  faid  to  excel  all  other  Cides  in 
BarbaryinthvQt,  things,  in  the  force  of  its  Walls,  beauty  of  its  Foun- 
tains,, and  great  number  of  its  Walnut-trees.  • 
*.  Collo  is  the  Collafs  Magnus  of  Ptol.  Mabra  is  the  Aphrodium  Colo- 
VMytefieMol.&Cafial,  Stora  is  the  Ruficada' o£ Plin.  Ptol.  and  Mela^  tefie 
Mot,  anid  Marm.  The  Genavefe  have  a  Fortrels  in  the  Ifle  Tabarca  : 
^dtkfi,  frencb  a  Baftion  between  the  Hie  Tabarea  and  Magazin, 
caUe4  B/ffiion  de  FranceyfoT  the  fecurity  of  their  Fifliingand  Commerce. 
,  Theie  two  Provinces  ofBugia  and  Confiantina  contain  the  Numidia, 
propria  of  the  Antients,  Guzuntina  incolisy  tefie  Marmol.  A  Country 
which  hath  fuffered  great  Changes  under  the /Jcw^wj,  Vandals ,  Moor/y 
and  afterwards  by.  Barbaroffit,, 


tA.ji'm\':i.o<i.S'iii"'h'i 

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Of  Tl/  IT  I  S. 


'48; 


Of  r  u  N I  s. 


'.r 


rip  H.  E  Kingdom  of  Tunis  was  the  Native  Country  of  'Jmilcar, 
1      Hannibal,  AfdrubalfMtiio,  nn^  MaJfmlJJ'a'y   And  Chrifiianijm  nKo, 
is  Deholden  to  it  for  the  Birth  of  St.  Augtijtine,  Tertullian,  Sr,  Cyprian ^ 
LaBantiusy  Fulgentius.     The  Kingdom  of  Tunis  is  divided  into  four 
Maritim  Governments,  and  three  or  four  Inland  ones.    TheMaritim 
^are  Biferta,  Goletta  Soufa  And  Africa.  The  Inland  ones  arc  Beija,  Urbs, 
Cayroofiy  to  which  fome  add  a  part  oi  BilUdulgtrid :  And  contains  the 
Africa  propria  of  old'.  In  (tua  Tunica  Regna  'viaes,  Tyrics,  d^   Jgencris, 
urbem.  ^irg.  Lib.  I.  ty£neiaos.     The   Ltbyfhcenices  Li-v.   Libophotnices  Plin. 
Libophcmicia  apud  Salufiium.     This  City  grew  from  the  Ruins  of  Car- 
tbagey  once  formerly  JR.omes  great  Rivaled :  And  the  Capital  City  of 
a  large  Territory   nrft  built  by  Dido,  Anno  Mmidi  3070,  about  an 
hundred  forty  and  thVee  years  before  Romey  and  two  hundred  and 
ninety  years  from  t]ie  Deftrudion  of  Troy.    Tunis  is  now  one  of 
the '"'^""^  QvAQsmBarbary,  a  Place  of  great  Tiraffick,  and  muCh  fre- 
quented^ affording  feveral  good  Commodities,. i/wi.  SafFronj^  Wax, 
Ovl,  raw  and  falted  Hides,  hard  Soap,  variety  of  Fruits,  Wool!, 
Si>unges,  Oftrich-Feathers,  and  chiefly  Chriflian  Slaves :  The  Tarfis 
of  the  Ancients  tefte  Sanut.  memorable  alfo,  in  the  Holy  Wars,  for 
the  Sieges  and  SuccefTes  of  two  of  our  Princes,  Edward  the  FirfV, 
and  Henry  the  Fourth,  when  but  Earl  of  Darby.     As  to  the  old  Car- 
thge,  let  me  only  fay,  that  it  was  once  one  of  the  faireft  Cities  of 
the  World  jwhen  in  its  Splendor  it  was  three  hundred  and  f\\tyjfadia 
in  circuit,  like  to  that  of  Babylon.     Its  inhabitants  fo  rich  and  power- 
ful, that  they  difputeid  with  the  Romans,  as  was  faid,  for  the  Empire 
of  the  World,  but  now  lies  buried  in  its  Ruins. >  Biferta  is  the  ancient 
Urica,  of  C^efar.  Cic.  Plin.  Jtyca  Polyj.  and  Ptol.   Porto  farina  ,    Incolis 
Garat-melha  y  Marmol.  and   Faz,.    Maz,ac hares  ,  l^ig  ,  Benfert  ,  Arab. 
Biferta^  Ital.  tefie  Baud.    Here  is  a  fair  Burfe  or  exchange  for  Mer- 
chants, two  great  Prifons  for  their  Slaves,  arid  Ibme  Baflions  to 
'  defend  the  !Rort,  which  is  good  and  large.    Memorable  for  the  death 
ofCaioj  confjfting  of  a  high  and  low  Town,  the  one  on  a  Rock,  the 
other  on  the  Sea.     That  of  Soufa  (the  Rufpina  o^Ptol.  tefie  SanJ.  but 
•  Mahadia  is  the  Rufpina  tefie  Mol.)  is  a  higher  and  lower  City,  the  firft 
on  a  Rock,  and  of  diffidult  accefs ;  the  latter  on  the  Sea  with  a  good 
Fort.    In  the  year  1 61 9,  the.  Duke  of  Sa'v^^  made  an  unfuccefsful 

.  Entetprize 


/ 


1  Pi 

I 


^'wm 


486 


0/  rtrir r s. 


■>^i* 


Enterprize  upon  them :  Within  this  Go^'crnment  is  the  Gity  ffam^ 
tnametha  Arab,  the  AdruTnetum,  Vim.  Hadrumitum  Mela  ,  Adrumhtcs 
Ptol.  which  by  Adiartus  is  now  called  Toulba,  by  Merc.  Mahomltta, 
which  communicates  its  Name  to  the  neighbouring  Gulph  in  the 
bottom,  whereon  it  is  feinted ,  having  ftrong  Walls,  and  a  fafe 
Harbour. 

In  the  Government  oP  Africa^  Merc,  is  a  City  of  the  lame  Name, 
Mabadia  hcolis ,  tefie  Fax>.  El-madia,  Simf,  the  Afhrodijium ,  Ftol. 
twenty  Leagues  from  Mdhomttta.  Its  Situation  is  ina  Peninfula^ 
guarded  with  a  double  Wall,  and  good- Ditches :  Its  Port  capable  to 
lodge  fifty  Gallies,  but  its  entrance  fo  narow,  that  a  Gaily  cannot 
pa^without  lifting  up  its  Oars.  Sanfin  makes  £/-m^M  to  be  the 
ancient  Tiapjks ,  where  Cafar  defeated  Scipio ,  SLtidJuh^  after 
which  defeat  Cato  flew  himlelf  at  Urica ;  where  Scipia  being 
net  by  Cafar s  Fleet,  pafling  his  Sword  through  .his  Body, 
flung  himfelf  into  the  Sea :  Juka  retired  to  Zama,  where  he  had  left 
Ills  Children  and  Treafures  ,  but  being  refufed  entrance ,  he  and 
Petrejas  retired  into  a  houfe  in  the  Field*,,  where  they  killed  them- 
felves. 

Zamara  is  the  Zama  ofPoljib.  Strah.  and  Ptin.  ufie  Marmol.  Zamami" 
tcon  Plin.  where  Hannibal  was  overcome  by  Scipio,  one  hundred  Mile$ 
from  Mabometta,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  from  Tunis. 

GolAta  is  a  Fortrels  between  Tunis  and  the  Sea  ,•  under  this  Fort 
General  Blake  with  the  Englijh  Fleet  fired  the  Pirate  Ships  of  Tunis 
in  i6^^.Cayroan  was  t3ie  Refidence  of  a  Caliph,  or  one  of  Mahomets 
High-Priefts.  It  is  the  ancient  Thefdrus.  where  Maffmiffa  beat  A[dm^ 
bal,  w^ile  Scipio  look'don.  Begie.  BejaViQs  in  a  Soil  lb  fertile  in  Corn, 
,that  the  Natives  lay,  That  if  there  were  but  two  SmVs  there  would 
ibe  more  Grains  than  Atomes  of' Sand  upon  the  Sea-more.  The  Ri- 
ver Guadibalbar  Mal.m&kesfo  many  Windings  and  Turnings,  that  you 
crols  it  twenty  five  times  in  the  Road  from  Bona  to  7ums.  Rubric 
<atus  Mela,  and  Ptol.  Armt*a  Plin.  Ardalio  Or  of.  Ladog  Caji.  Jadag.  t. 
Leon.  But  Bamradas  Ptol.  Strab.  ^  Liv.  Magrida  Leon.  Megrada  Mar. 
Magiordeck  P.  jovio^  MacraPdyb.  Bagrada  Caf.  is  made  to  be  the  Ri- 
ver Guadibalbar  in  the  Maps  of  Orf?//Wand  Sanfin.  Between  the  King- 
dom ofTunisy  ami  uie  Iflandof  Af^j/^^?  lie  fome  little  Iflands,  asP<»«-. 
talarea  belonging  to  the  King  of  S^ainy  wherein  is  a  Gulph,  fironl 
whence  the  Vapours  that  thicken  upon  the  Rock  above,  deftil  as  much 
Water  as  ferves  for  the  ufe  of  the  Inhabitants :  The  Co^ra  Ptol.  Co^ 
fura  Mela  &  Flac.  Cojyra  Plin.  Cofura  Strab.  diflant  from  C.  Bona,,  dim 
Hermats  vel  Mercurii  prtmontorium  forty  five  Miles,  and  from  Malthn 
^im  Melita,  ninety.  Lampadofa  and  Limofa  belong  to  the  Kjyghts 


"',  "M" 


mmmmmmimamm:^ 


Sam- 


;  v/  -  Of  TV tr I s.  487 

Q^  Maltha,  In  Lantfadofa  ftands  a  Chappel,  famous  for  the  Offerings 
of  both  Turks  sin^  Chriftians.  And  it  has  been  obferved,  that  nevef  any 
Sacriligous  Perfon  went  unpxinifli'd^  that  robb'd  it.  The  firft  Lofa- 
elufa  ofStrah.  and  Ftol.  The  other  ty£thufa  and  ey£gufa,  tefie  On.  Cbe- 
cura  I.  Italls^  dear  a  Gallis.y  ^ierfuene  Merc.  Charchana  Fax,,  is  the 
Circina  and  Circinna  of  old. 

The  Kingdom  o£  Tripoli  is  a  barren  Country,  comlderable  only  for 
the  Trade  of  Tr'rpoli  in  Barbary,  fo  call'd  to  diftinguilh  it  from  Trr^oli 
in  Syria  and  Natolia. 

Cafes  and  Cafs  Ni^.  Cafial.^c.  is  the  Tacapa  ofPlin.  Cafe  Ptol.  Capo. 
Procop.  Thacapa  or  Tacapat  Ant.  Upon  the  Coaft  of  this  Kingdom 
is  the  two  Siyrtes,  the  little  one  is  called ,  The  Gulph  cf  Cafes  by  OrtcL 
Golfo  di  Cafs  y  by  FazGalfiM  Beito.  In  circuit,  190  Miles,  the 
great  one ,  The  Gulfh  <f  Sydra ,  Golfo  di  Solocho ,  and  Golfo  di 
Palo,  in  the  Charts^  Gallis,  Les  Seiches  de  Barharie.  Baxos  de  Bar-. 
baria  Hiff.  Golfo  de  Sidra,  Italis.  In  circuit  four  hundred  Miles, 
tefie  Baud.  625.  Plin.  infamous  for  the  fliipMo-ack  of  VeiTels,  inhofpita 
Syrtis  Fire.  4.  t/£neidos.  The  Ifland  ofG^rbas,  where  the  Spaniards 
were  defeated  in  the  year  i  $60.  by  the  Infidels.  And  here  it  was 
alio  that  Dragut  the  Pyrate  efcaped  the  famous  Doria  ,  it  was  the 
Lotafhogits  of  Strab.  and  Ptol.  Meninx.  Plin  Mirmex.  Polyb.  Girba  Anf» 
Gerbiy  Fax,.  ^ 

Old  TrifoUy  formerly  Sabrata,  Sanf.  is  now  decayed ;  The  Sabathra 
Ttol.  Sabatra  Plin.  Rakfanabes  Villan.  Saxatvbis  Mol.  But  New  Trifoli^ 
of  OX^Ocea,  is  much  enrkhed  by  Py racy .  Along  this  Coaft  are  fome 
Ifles,  where  grows  the  Fruit  Lotei  very  fweet  and  pleafant,  and  on 
the  South  of  Tripbli  is  the  faireft  and  beft  Saffron. 

Lefeda  zxi^Lrbeda,  Baud,  the  Ze/>f«  of  the  Ancients  well  knoWn  to 
the  Romans y  and  to  the  Arab,  of  Nubia ,  Zoara  of  old,  Pifidu  noted  it 
for  fcarcity  of  Water..  .^ 

Of  the  Kingdom  of  jBrfryc<». 

Cyreniaca,  Libya,  ^^dtrw^rnV^  are  now  comprehended  under  the  name 
ofBarca,  which  begins  on  the  part  where  formerly  flood  the  Altars  of 
the  Phylefjians,  which  were  alfo  the  Bounds  between  the  Territories  of 
Carthage  and  Cyrene  ,•  and  after  that  to  the  Empires  of  Eafl  and  Weit. 
It  is  a  Country  for  the  mofl  part  dry  and  barren,  covered  over  in  nioft 
places  \yith  a  thirk  light  Sand,  continually  moved  about  witl^  the 
Winds,  turning  Hills  into  Yallies  and  Valfeys  into  Hills.  As  Infamous 
for  the  Birth  of  ^r/«j ,  who  denied  the  Divinity  of  Chrifl,  fo,  as 
firtmous  for  one  of  the  Sybils^  hence  named  Lybica-  Tbclc  ^^ybils  were 
in  number  ten,  f /z,.  Perjica,  Lybica^  Ddpbica,  Cpimtea^  Samia,  Hi'lk. 
ffonticaj  Ttburtinaj  Aebmeay  Scythaa  and  CumanHy  which  lalt  is  iaitl  vo 


.-•"• 

»;-*: 


'^.    fl 


.i-  '.^  -■■ 


■■% 


have  writen  the  Nine  "Books  oi  Sybils  prefanted  to  TarqumiuiSu^erhusj 

A  which  contained  Prophefies,  of  the  Name^  Birth^  and  Death  of  Clirift. 

•  •  The  chief  Places  of  moft  efteem  in  former  Times  were^  r.  Barca^ 

of  old  called  Pfo/ow<7Wj  of  fdch  account^  that  it  gave  name  to  the  whole 

Country.  <v 

2.  Cyrene,  once  of  fuch  Power,  that  it  contended  with  Carthage  about 

their  Territories :     The  Birth-place  of  Er^fo/?/&f»eSj  Callimachus,  and 

Symon  ofCyrene^ho  carried  our  Saviour's  Crofs:  Now  called  Carvan- 

Corene,  Villano  and  Cair.an.  Baud. 


ft  a. 


■M 


^-    3.  Berenice  on  the  great  Syrtes^  now  Bernichb. 

4.  Herculis  Turis  ere<fted  in  honour  of  Hercules  for  killing  the  Dra- 
gon, and  robbing  the  Orchards  of  the  He/per  ides  of  their  golden  Ap- 
ples, this  Orchard  being  placed  here  by  Ptolomyj  by  Vowponiusiti  the 
Atlantick  Iflands,  by  Vir^Jl  and  Tliny  in  Mauriftmia. 

f.  Alberton ,  of  old  Paratonium  ,  the  Sea-port  to  the  Templa  of 
Jupiter  Hammon,  feated  in  the  midft  of  a  vaft  fandy  Defert,  as  they 
tell  us,  encircled  with  a  delightfome  and  pleafant  Gjrove,  watered 
with  wholfome  Springs,  refrefhed  with  a  temperate  Air,  fliaded  with 
Fruit-bearing  Trees,  whofe  Leaves  were  always  gre^n. 

This  Country  is  now  the  thirteenth  Caljiliff  or  Government  under 
the7«r/^/^Bailiaw  in%//?f,  called  Bonhera  or  jB^'rc^?  the  Southern  Part 
whereof  is  cilled  the  JDefert  of  Barca,  famous  for  the  Temple  before 
mentioned,  for  its  Oracle,  for  the  Fountain  of  "he  Sun,  for  the  de- 
ftruAion  oi  Camhyfes's  Aiiny  ,•  and  for  the  vifit  oi:  Alexander. 

Rivers  I  find  few,  but  one  of  fame  enough  for  all  the  refl:,  by  Vtolomy 
called  Lathon,  by  Pliny  Lethon^  by  the  Poets  Lethe^  and  feigned  to  come 
from  Hell,  and  to.  caufe  forgetfulnefs  in  thofe  that  drink  it:  Now 
Milelj  tejle  Marmol.  '  | 


■f^- 


w. 


r\ 


lie. 


Of 


^'^f'mmmmmfimffit 


mmmm 


'tterranean 
between 


jfiTf^ 


Red-Sea   and  the    Mdiurr^tman^  on  the    South   with    Ethiopia 

Rrr  and 


-f^t 


%■. 


490.  Of  nor  ft. 

and  N»*itf  ,•  on  the  Weft  with  the  LyhUn  Mountains,  or  Dcfarts  of 
Baroa, 

This  flourifhing  King^pm  poffeft  by  Mizjralmy  changed  her  antient 
Name,  and  became  Egyft^  at  fuch  time  as  t/£Qrptus  (or  Rawajts)  the 
Son  of  Belui,  having  expelled  his  Brother  Danaus  or  Armeus  into 
.  that  part  of  Greece j  now  called  Morea,  by  whom  the  Argives  were 
made  Danaiy  which  happen'd  877.  years  after  the  Flood,  in  the  time  of 
Jojhua,  as  St.  Auzufiine  conjedureth  out  of  Eufebius. 

.  Thk  Country  DV  the  7ewj  was  called,  il</il^<«iwj  thQCaldeans,Mfraii 
the  AjKrianSy  Mifri  ^  X^^Q  Arabians y  Mefra^  th.&  Moors y  Miffir  ;  unaBa- 
baray  by  the  Antient  Inhabitants  Chemia  and  Hamia  ;  by  the  Romans^ 
AugHfiinica  j  by  Berofus,  Oceanfa  j  by  Xenofbofty  Ogygia  ;  by  Herodotus y 
Totamia-y  by  Luciariy  MelamboloSy  alias  Milamfodus  j  by  Homer,  Hefefiia; 
by  others,  Nileay  Aeriay  and  0/r<ij  by  the  Modern  Turks-y  El-kebit.     It 
is  the  only  Region  oi  Africa  that  borders  yx^otiAfai  and  though  the 
Airie  bad,  it  is  the  beft  peopl'd  in  the  World.  Nor  was  it  lefs  peopl'd 
formerly,  if  it  be  true,  that  in  the  Reign  of.^w/?///,one  of  their  Kings, 
it  contained  above  twenty  thoufand  Cities.  The  extraordinary  quan- 
'  tities  of  Corn  which  it  yielded,  caus'd  the  Antients  to  call  it  the  fublick 
Granary  of  the  World.    And  the  plenty  or  fcarcity  of  the  whole  Roman 
Empire  was  ftill  according  to  the  Harveft  ofEgyft.    Nile  by  the  In- 
undation of  his  Stream,  which  is  full  of  Nitre,  gives  the  Ground 
this  fertility.    The  Plants  grow  in  fuch  abundance^  that  they  would 
choke  one  another,  did  they  not  ftrow  the  Fields  with  Sand.    The 
Weftern  part  o£  Nile  is  more  fruitful  than  the  Eaftern.  Befides  Cortiy 
this  Country  affords  RicCy  Sugary  Dates,  Seua,  CaJjUy  Balfomy  Hidesy 
'    fiaxy  and  Linen.    They  know  little,  who  fay  that  it  rains  not  there. 
For  the  ordinary  time  of  Rains  and  Winds  begins  in  the  Month  of 
December  or  Kijabaky  and  continues  till  January  and  February  ,•  at  the 
Eve  of  Tentecojly  in  the  year  1672,  there  was  Rain  at  RoJJ'ettey  and 
on   the  24   of  Novembery  the  Rains  fell  at  Cairo,  tefie  F.  Vanjleb.  So 
that  it  is  a  great  Error  to  fay,  it  never  Rains  in  Egyft ;  befides,  there 
are  often  wet  Mifts^,  and  in  all  feafons  ofcthe  year,  when  the  Nights 
are  ferene,  there  is  much  Dew  that  falls,  hut  when  the  Nights  are 
cloudy  chere is  no  Dew*   *   '.^^  '■^-  ? 

To  this  day  alfo  Egyft  Hiews  us  Pyramidsy  Obeltf^uefy  Lahyrinthsy 
and  other  Works  of  the  antient  Kings  raifed  at  an  incredible  expence,^ 
to  teftify  their  PuilTance,  and  to  employ  their  People.  The  Statute  of 
Memnon  was  there  formerly  moft  remarkable,  as  alfo  the  Pharos  near 
Alexandria :  In  the  Lake  Meris  isfaid  to  be  feen  the  place  where  the  La- 
byrinth ftood,  wherein  they  fay.  There  were  above  thirty  three  hundred 
Rooms.  Mommies  J  which  are  frequent  in  this  Country,  are  nothing 

but 


mmmm 


wm 


Of  EGttT.  •'  '4pjr 

but  the  Bodies  ofdead  Men  embalmed  and  buried  in  Vaults,  carefully 
provided  for  that  purpofe,  where  they  keep  entire  two  or  three  thou* 
fand  years. 

About  five  Miles  from  Cairoy  as  one  Stefbtn  Duhlies  reports^  (being 
an  eye  witnefs)  there  is  a  place  in  which  on  every  Good-friday  there 
appears  a  great  many  Heads  and  Legjgs  of  Men,  rifing  out  of  the 
Ground :  By  late  Relations  'tis  faid  to  be  only  a  Trick  otthe  Water- 
men to  get  Money. 

The  Palm-trees  may  be  reckoned  among  the  Rarities  of  E^pty 
they  grow  in  couples,  Male  and  Female,  ana  do  not  fi-udify  but  oy 
coiture  j  the  Fruit  it  bears  is  known  by  the  name  of  Dates,  in  tafte 
much  like  Figs,  and  all  its  parts  are  of  feveral  ufes,  as  the  Pith  for  a 
Sallet,  the  Husk  of  the  Cod  for  Cordage,  the  Leaves  for  Fans,  Fea- 
thers &c, 

Egjfft  at  the  begining  had  Native  Kings,  who  governed  their  Sub- 
jeAs  with  a  free  and  unlimited  Authority,  and  till  the  Government  of 
ffammmitusy  Son  oiJmafis,  who  rul'd  in  the  year  of  the  World  345:4, 
were  all  called  by  one  general  Sirname,  or  Title  oiTharaoh,  being  a 
Name  of  Dignity  as  with  us  the  jName  of  Emperor  or  King.  But 
tho  Egyp  hath  been  always  of  old  governed  by  Kings,  yet  the  Royal 
Seats  nave  been  changed.  The  firft  Royal  S^at  we  read  of  was 
Tanis,w\{QVQ  was  Pharaoh's  Court  and  where  God  performed  great  won- 
ders; 7i&f^«  alfo  was  the  Royal  Seat.  Then  Memphis,  which  was 
the  Seat  of  the  Kings,  of  the  Race  of  Coitus,  till  Nebuchadonozer 
(acked  it.  Alexandria ,  where  the  Greek  Ivings  refided  for  nine 
hundred  years,  till  the  Arabians  took  Egypt y  and  made  Fo^at  near  old 
Cairo  the  Metropolis.  After  Giauher  had  built  Cairo^  about  the  year  of 
the  Hegira  362,  he  made  that  the  Royal  Seat,  which  continues  to 
this  time. 

The  Ezyptians  were  antiently  Heathens,  almoft  evei^^  City  had  a 
God  to  adore  ;  Abufir,  or  the  old  Bujiris  worfhipped  a  Qilf ;  Alexan" 
driay  the  antient  Racutis,  adored  a  Serapls  of  Stone;  Achmin,  die  old 
P<?»w_,acknowledged  Apollo ;  Sana  worfliipped  a  Dog ;  Bajfafit  the  old 
Bubafiis  had  for  a  God  a  Lion  of  Stone,  Eida  adored  a  Serapis ; 
Ifchemunein,  or  the  antient  Hermepolis,  wodhipped  a  Man  of  Stone  ; 
ifvan.  called  by  the  Cophties  Sevan,  reverenced  the  Tree  Lehaca  ;  Cous 
worfhipped  the  Moon  and  Stars,*  Mindadi  the  Fig-tree  of  Pharaoh  • 
Mempiit  SL  C3.\£  ^  Atriby  or  the  oXdAiribis,  adored  a  Calf  of  Stone  ;^ 
Semenaut,  which  is  the  antient  Sebennis,  worfliipped  a  Calf  of  Brafs  f'' 
■Sa  a  Hog  of  Stone  j  Tuba  had  refpedt  for  the  Water  according  to  an 
old  Manufcript  in  Jir4^'fi^.  .,       .   ^   ., 

^    "*  ■'^'  Rm     •    '         -    "^    Cmbyfei 


■.t  \  ■ 


^:- 


'V  ■^'^v 


'49i   ^^  Of  E  GTP  T.  ' 

Camlyfesy  the  Soil  of  Darius,  in  the  year  of  the  World  54 5-4,  was 
the  firft  that  made  them  ftoop  to  a  foreign  yoke,  he  with  a  ftrong 
Army  invaded  and  conquered  E^/'t,  took  Pjammentius  Captive  putting 
him  to  death,  banifhing  and  d^troying  all  before  him,  reducing  the 
Country  to  a  Province,  in  which  fubjedion  to  the  Verjtam  it  remained 
above  one  hundred  and  fifty  years,  till  the  Reign  of  Artaxerxes 
Longimanus,  in  whofe  time  the  Egyptians  fet  up  one  Inarus,  Son  of 
Tfanmitichus ,  before  King  of  Libya,  who  governed  happily ,  till 
Artaxerxes,  with  a  great  Fleet  and  Army,  carae  upon  theni  out  ofFhenida 
unawares,  and  foon  reduced  them  again  to  his  obedience,  from  which 
time  it  was  fubjed  to  the  Verfian  Kings,  until  the  Reign  of  Darius 
Nothus,  when  they  were  expell'd  by  Amirteus, hovn  in  the  City  Saisov 
Telujiunty  new  Calixene. 

Six  years  reigned  Amirteus,  fucceeded  for  about  ninety  one  years  by 
four  Mendijian  Princes,  after  that  by  three  Scbonites,  untill  Ne6tabanes 
the  Second,  in  whofe  time  Anaxerxes  Ochtts  bereaved  him  of  his 
Kingdom ,  and  fo  E^ypt  fell  again  into  the  hands  of  the  Terjians,  to 
whom  it  continued  lubjed  till  the  deftru<ftion  of  Darius  Codomanus, 
by  Alexander  the  Great,  who  brought  it  to  the  Grecian  or  Macedonian 
Kings ,  that  reigned  five  years  over  it  ,•  after  Alexanders  death  it 
fcW  to  Ptolomeus,  SirnamedL^^«/,  whence  all  the  Kings,  his  SuccelTors 
in  that  Kingdom,  were  called  Vtokmies ,  fubjoining  thereunto  fome 
other  name. 

The  Vtolomies  in  Egyft  which  bore  the  Title  of  Kings,  were  ten  in 
Number. 

And  their  Race  ended  with  Cleopatra,  the  Daughter  ofPtolowy  Au^ 
letes,  courted  at  firft  by  Julius  Cajar,  then  by  Mark  'Antony,  through 
whofe  favours  flie  kept  her  Sovereignty ,  but  Augufius ,  at  the  Battle 
oi  ABium,  ruining  Antonys  fortunes  with  the  death  oi  Cleopatra,  who 
poifoned  her  felf,  made  it  a  Roman  Province,  and  it  continued  under 
that  Empire,  till  the  Reign  of  HeracUtus,  who  held  his  Royal  Court 
at  Confiantinofle.  After  the  dividing  of  the  Roman  Empire  into 
Eaftern  and  Weftern,  Egypt  fell  to  the  Greek  or  Weftern  fliare,  till  the 
Egyptians  fubmited  to  the  Arabian  Califs,  about  the  year  704,  to 
whom  they  flood  faithful  till  conquered  by  r:he  Mahumetans.  In  the 
Year  n  5"  S"  Syracon  or  Xarracon,  by  others  Ajerddin,  Schyrachoch,  an 
Armenian  General,  or  firft  Vizier  ot  the  King  o^Dawas,  by  his  Vi<5i:o- 
rious  Arms  took  Captive  the  Calif  of  Ery/f,  and  made  himfelf  Mafter 
.  there  with  the  Title  of  Sultan,  or  Soutdan  ,•  fo  that  it  continued  in 
that  Name  and  Race  till  the  year  1242,  when  thcMamalucks,  the  oiF- 
fpring  of  a  people,  on  the  Banks  of  the  Euxine  Sea,  Mercenary  Soldiers, 
kept  in  pay  ofthe  Souldan,  by  the  Murder  of  their  Lord  made  them- 

felves 


...Vji 


^"-•'   VfW 


^j.^: 


Of  M'C  r  P  T. 


493 


was 

rong 
[urting 
ig  the 
laincd 
ixerxes 
>on  of 

,  till 

\henicia 

which 

Darius 

\SaisO¥ 


felves  Lords  of  the  Countryj  under  the  Tyranny  of  whofe  Race  and 
PolTeffion  it  groan  d  from  12  jy,  until  the  year  1^17. 

The  laft  Souldan,  of.Egjpt,  being  caWdTomuwhey,  the  fecond  of 
that  .Name,  which  by  the  y/ ^.rlikQ.  Mamalucks  was  eletled  Sulta7j,  who 
having.  Wars  with  the  7«r^///;  Emperor  5e/iw?j  and  by  him  defeated, 
fled  to  Cairo,  were  taken  Captive  and  delivered  up  by  a  MoorifJj  Prince, 
he  was  miferably  in  the  faid  year  i  ^17  Murdered,and  his  Body  tyed 
to  the  Tail  of  a  Camel, and  dragged  through  Cairo.  Which  Vidory  To 
ruined  the  Power  of  the  Mamalucks,  thsit  Egyft,  by  their  Courage  and 
Condud  kept  in  fubjedion  above  three  hundred  years,  hath  ever  fin^ 
truckcld  under  the  Command  of  the  T«rl:i[/fo  Empire,  where  the  Grand 
Signiors  manage  the  Government  by  a  BaJhaw,or  Pacha,  and  chief  of 
the  Sangiacks,  in  the  fiime  manner  as  other  Countrys,  fubjeii  to  the 
Turks :  Whofe  yearly  Revenue  is  about  i  joooo  pounds,  which  is  divi- 
ded into  three  equal  parts,of  which  one  is  allotted  for  the  difcharge  of 
the  Annual  Pilgrimage  to  Meccha,  the  fecond  for  the  payment  of  the. 
Soldiers,  with  other  neceffary  charges  of  the  Kingdom,  and  the  third 
goes  into  the  Turkijij  Chequer. 

Eg)-pt  is  inhabited  at  prefent  by  Cophties,  Moors,  Arabians,  Turks, 
Je'ws,  Greeks  ^n6.  Franks.  The  7«r^j  govern  the  Countrj7s,anda(ft  in  all 
Offices  of  State.  The  invention  oi  Afirohgy,  Arithmetick,  and  Thyjick, 
is  attributed  to  them,  for  which  reafon  Egyp  is  call'd  the  Miftrefs  of 
Arts.  Ttolomcus  Philadelphus,  is  faid  to  be  the  Perfon  who  ordered  the 
Bible  to  be  tranflated  by  the  Seventy  Interpreters,  as  ufually  called_> 
though  indeed  they  were  feventy  two  ,•  and  bought  above  two  hundred 
thoufand  Volumns  of  Manufcripts.  There  were  alfo  a  prodigious 
liumber  of  Bocks  in  the  Library  at  Alexandria,  which  were  unfor- 
tunately loft,  when  Julius  Cafar  made  War  there.  The  Natives  of 
the  Country,  have  a  particular  Art  to  hatch  Chickens  by  the  heat  of 
their  Ovens,  wherein  fometimes  they  will  put  three  or  four  thoufand 
Eggs  together,-  and  when  they  are  hatch'd,  they  I'ell  them  by  the 
Peck.  The  Cophties  are  Natives  of  Egypt,  the  natural  Inhabitants 
of  the  Country,  and  ufe  a  Language'altogether  particular  to  them- 
felves,  and  a  certain  fort  of  Writing  little  different  from  that  of  the 
ancient  Greeks.  There  is  now  fcarce  ten  or  fifteen  thoufand  of  them 
left,  according  to  the  Relation  of  their  Patriarch  ^  Millions  of  thcni 
having  been  put  to  the  Sword  ,  partly  by  the  Tagan  Emperors,  '  for 
their  adhering  to  the  Chrifiian  Faith j  and  partly  by  the  Chrlfiicn  Em- 
perours,  for  their  obtVinacy  in  maintaining  the  Error  of  Diofcorus  , 
one  of  their  Patriarchs,concerningone  Nature^  one  Will,  andone  Per- 
fon in  Jefus  Chriit.lliftoriestell  us.  That  the  Governour  under  Diode-- 
fan  the  Emperour,  Maffacrcd  in  one  Night,  ztChrlJimas  80000  who 


tf^"^" 


Ti, 


were: 


■M:   f 


I 


■Wj*^ 


^\ 


■494  df  ECTPT. 

were  buried  atMount  Athm'm  in  the  upper  Egyp ;  and  at  another  tlmi^ 
near  Ifna^  the  fame  Governour,  or  another,  put  to  death  fo  many  as 
were  not  to  be  numbered.  And  Macriz,  in  his  Hiftory  of  the  Patri- 
archs tells  us.  That  Jufimian  theEmpcroui^  caufedtooooo  Cofbtiesto 
be  killed  at  Alexandria. 

The  Egyptians ,  in  old  time,  were  eminent  in  Arts  and  Learning, 
FromthQmPfthagoras  and.  DemocritusLQAmt  their  Philofophy,  Licurgus, 
Solony  and  Tlato,  their  Forms  of  Government.  Here  flouri/hed.the 
Learned  Grammarian,  ^r^<»rrA«/,'  HtroJiansinA  Didjmus  (o  well  skill'd 
in  Sciences  ,•  Appianus  the  Hiftorian  ,•  C.  Ptolomeus  the  Geographer  ; 
Trifmegrjlus  the  Philofopher  ;  Pantenus  a  Reader  of  Divinity  ,•  Origen, 
and  Ciemens  ^/(fx<»«^rw«j,notableinall  Learning  j  Dionyfms^AthanaJius 
and  Cyril,  Bifliops,  and  the  glories  of  their  times. 

The  Cophties  divided  theSeafons  of  the  Year  thus,*  Autumn  from  the 
fifteenth  Day  oi  September ,  to  the  fifteenth  oi December  ;  Winter  from 
thence  to  the  fifteenth  of  ^<»rcA  ,•  Spring  from  thence  to  the  fifteenth^! 
ofjitne;  and  Summer  from  thence  to  the  fifteenth  of  September. . 

They  begin  the  year  on  the  eighth  o(  September ,  according  to  the 
Gregorian  Style,  or  on  the  Twenty  eighth  ot  Augufi,  according  to  the 
Greeks  Calendar. 

They  begin  their  Computation  OT^ra  from  the  DiodeJianMsi^cro 
and  reckon  this  prelent  Year  1687  ^o  be  the  Year  141 ;. 

To  every  Month  they  allot  thirty  Days,  which  makes  up  three  hun- 
dred and  fixty,  and  to  compleat  the  Year,  they  add  the  five  at  the 
end  of  all. 

The  prefent  Egyptians  are  generally  of  an  Olive  Colour,  and  the 
iiiri^er  they  are  from  C<jiiro  towards  the  South,  the  more  tawny,  and 
toward  Nubia  black,  as  the  Nubians.  Their  ordinarv  Vices  are  Idle* 
nefe  and  Cowardize :  Their  ordinary  Employment  is  to  take  Tobacco, 
and  drink  Coffe :  To  deep  and  lie  in  an  idle  place,  or  fit  talking  toge« 
ther :  Generally  ignorant  in  all  manner  of  Sciences.    . 

In  the  prefeit  ftate  of  E^pt,  the  Author  F.  Vatifiebius  tells  us 
concerning  the  Crocodile,  which  isthe  mott  remarkable,  and  moft  cu- 
rious Animal  belonging  to  Nilus :  That  ( though  Pliny  aflftrms  it  to 
be  commonly  above  eighteen  Cubits  in  length)  many  Hunters  of  Cro- 
codiles have  affured  him,  that  it  never  grows  above  aCubit  in  length 
in  a  Year,  and  when  it  comes  to  twelve  years  old,it  grows  no  more : 
That  Its  Eggs  are  as  big  as  the  Eggs  of  Oftriches,  and  are  fometimes 
thirty,  never  an  hundred ;  and  as  foon  as  out  of  its  Body,  it  carries 
them  to  fomelfland  of  Nilus ,  and  puts  them  in  a  Hole,  and  covers 
them  with  Sand,  and  fo  leaves  them,  till  by  natural  Inftind  it  knows 
that  the  Young  are  formed;  It  goes  then  and  opens  the  Hole,  and 

'  breaks 


-TT- 


r  timi^ 
my  as 
Patri- 
ties  to 


Of  EGT  ?  r.  V  .  ^^ 

breaks  the  Shell  for  the  Young  to  creep  out :  Of  all  the  Crcatureii 
that  live  upon  the  Earth,  this  alone  ^  without  a  Tongue,  and  this 
alone  moves  the  upper  Jaw  in  eating. 

Concerning  the  Ichneumon,  called  by  the  AraPtanf,  Nims  ^  by  the 
Italians,  Sorca  di  faraone  ^  by  ih^  French,  Rat  d' t/£gjfte  ^  it  is  very 
true,  that  it  creeps  into  the  Mouth  of  the  Crocodile,  enters  into  its 
Felly,  which  it  enaws  to  the  very  Entrails;  the  like  happens  to  the 
Camels  and  wild  Beeves,  and  other  Animals,  when  they  fleep  in  the 
Fields. 

That  which  PUn^  fpeaks  concerning  the  Dolphins,  is  not  likely, 
for  there  are  none  in  the  River ;  But  it  may  be  the  Tirfe,  which  is 
the  only  Fifh  thatalfaults  the  Crocodile. 

That  which  Plinj  faith  of  theTrochilos,rcquires  a  farther  enquiry; 
for  one  may  ask  an  hundred  Years  in  Egyft  what  this  Bird  is,  and  yet 
get  no  account  of  it.  Beitar  faith,  there  is  a  certain  Bird  as  little  as. 
a  Teitavy,  enters  between  his  Jaws,  ajid  eats  up  Slime  and  Worms 
if  any ;  and  when  the  Crocodile  feels  that  all  is  clean,  he  (huts  his 
Mouth  to  eat  the  Bird  alfo ;  but  Nature  hath  provided  an  expedient  to 
fecure  it,  for  it  hath  two  marp  pricks  on  the  top  of  the  Birds  Head. 
which  when  the  Crocodile  feels,  he  opens  his  Jaw  again  for  the  Bira 
to  efcape  out,  t^- 

But  the  Moors  in  Egypt  knew  not  iny  Bird  that  had  any  prick  on 
the  Head;  they  told  the  Author,  That  there  is  in  E^yft  theSakfak, 
a  Bird  that  always  kept  the  Crocodile  company,  and  which  lives 
upon  the  Filth  and  Meat  that  fticVs  about  the  Crocodiles  Teeth :  So 
that  whether  the  Sakfak  of  the  Moors,  or  the  Bird  mentioned  by  Beitar 
be  the  Trochilos  ot  Plinj,  I  leave  it  to  the  Reader  to  Judge. 

That  the  Crocodile  will  live  a  long  time  without  Meat,  as  Plhy  af. 
firms,  is  a  truth,  for  the  Author  had  two  which  lived  a  Month 
without  eating :  And  the  Moors  fay,  they  will  live  forty  Days  withotit 
Noui  ifhment:  They  have  in  all  feventy  two  great  Teeth,  very  fliarp, 
thirty  fix  in  the  upper,  and  as  many  in  the  lower  Jaw. 

Its  four  Paws  are  furniflied  with  great  Hiarp  Claws,  the  two  fore 
feet  have  five  diftincft,  feperated  the  one  from  the  other;  the  two 
hinder  feet  have  but  four,  which  are  all  joined  together  by  a  thin 
Skin,  as  are  the  Feet  of  Sea-Fowl,  as  Geefe  or  Ducks.. 

The  Arabian  Authors  fay.  That  it  cafts  cut  its  E.^crements  by  itSv 
Throat,  becau.fe  it  hath  no  Hole  under  its  Tail,  and  that  its  Stones 
have  the  fhiell  ofMuskj  but  of  this,  the  Author  had  no  experience 
of;  when  the  Male  covers  the  Female,  fhe  lieth  upon  her  back,  and. 
becaufe  {he  cannot  well  turn  her  felf  again,  the  Male  turns  her  whea. 
Iffi  hath  performed. 

,  -'       -       '    Amonglk 


■■< 


■^ 


y^i 


0 


49/^  of.EGTP  r.^n 

Amongft  the  rare  Trees  ofEg^pt,  he  names  the  Doumj  or  the  Gum- 
Tree  ,  in  which  are  two  things  remarkable.  1 .  That  its  leaves  burft 
forth  only  at  the  ends  of  its  Branches,  and  in*  the  ?hick  Bunches.  2. 
That  they  ar<J  fp  «qual  and  even  at  the  end  of  the  Branches,  that  one 
would  think  they  .'were  cut  with  Ciffars.  Amongft  the  Plants  he 
mentions  one  called  Gefalabt,  that  grows  as  big  as  a  Tree. 

As  to  the  rare  Birds,  he  hath  feen  Heads  of  Oftrichcs  in  the  De- 
ferts,  that  lead  to  the  Monaftry  of  St.  Anthony  ^  what  he  relates 
of  their  hatching  their  Eggs  with  their  Eyes  is  very  ftrange,  and 
that  the  Sciantta  is  fo  ftrong,  that  it  can  carry  a  Man  up  into  the 
Air. 

That  there  are  fucha  prodigious  number  ofPidgeons,  that  they  are 
fold  at  the  rate  of  about  two  hundred  and  fourty  Couple  for  four 
Shillings  and  fix  pence. 

Concerning  the  Pyramids  he  tells  us.  That  he  ^ueflcs  by  the  place, 
that  they  have  been  formerly  an  hundred  Pyramids  great  and  Imali  • 
that  they  are  all  built  on  a  Rock^  for  the  greateft  is  nothing  but  a  Rock 
cut  as  a  Pyramid  ,  and  covereci  over  with  a  Wall  of  Stone  ^  fo  that 
'tis  probable  that  the  Stones  have  been  taken  from  the  place,  arid  not 
brought  from  far  as fome  imagine;  That  the  greateft  hath  but  two 
hunared  and  fix  fteps  ,•  and  that  on  the  top  of  it  was  anciently  a 
Statue  or  Coloffus:  And  on  the  top  of  the  Sphinx  ftands  the  Head  of 
a  Woman,  of  an  extraordinary  bignefs  aud  height. 

That  the  Caves  oCE^ypt  are  ftrange  Curiofities  digged  in  the  main 
Rocks,  the  Walls  of  many  of  them  are  full  ©f  Hieroglyphical  Figures 
carved  in  the  Rock;  the  Colours  of  them  being  extream  frefli  and 
beautiful,  after  fo  many  Ages  fince.  'Tis  faid  that  the  Kings  oiEgyft 
employed  the  Ifraelites  in  digging  of  them.        ./jii:   .^  .     '.j 

At  Saeara,  a  Village  four  Hours  travelling  froni  the  Pyramids  ai^e 
Pits  where  Mummies  are  buried. 

That  at  the  Church  ofGemaine,  on  a  certain  Day,  th.ey  yearly  ob- 
ferve  the  Apparitions  of  fome  Saints,  which  F.FanJIelfius  tcWs  us,  are 
only  from  the  Reflections  of  Objeds,  that  pafs  by  the  Church  at  fome 
convenient  diftance.  Ji>.    ..      .■'  .  >  < 

That  the  Lodgings  of  the  Seventy  Interpreters  are  yet  ftanding 
with  the  Clofets  ,•  where  they  performed  the  Work  in  Aldxatit 
■Aria.       ■  :l 

The  "Salt-pits  and  Cifterns  near  Alexandria  are  remarkable,  iot 
that  thi^Water  o^Nilus,  the  fweetnefs  and  frefiieft  in  the  World,  makes 
a  Saljj'  not  only  whiter  than  ordinary,  but  very  excellent,  having^tbe 
tafte  of  Violets:  This  quality  proceeds  irom  th^  Nitrous  Earth,  for 
if  a  piece  of  it  be  laid  in  the  Sun,  it  will  become  white  as  Snow  on 

,.  -  '         that 


Of  E  GT  P  rr  .    '    497 

that  fide  that  is  towards  the  Sun.  Thefp  Lakes  of  Salt-peter  or  Niter 
yield  every  year  three  thoufand  and  fix  hundred  Quintals^  fo  that 
cveiy  Quintal  fold  for  twenty  five  Meidins,  this  Revenue  comes  to 
thirty  fix  Purfes,  or  eighteen  thoufand  FrenchJZxowns  yearly. 

The  Grand  Signior  hath  yearly  carried  out  oiEgyp  to  Confiant'mo- 
fle,  inSpaniJh  Com  2Lnd7^cquins  of  Venice,  one  thoufand  two  hundred 
Purfes,  each  Purfe  containing  five  hundred  Crowns,  which  makes 
one  hundred  and  fifty  thoufand  pound. 

The  Talifmantick  Science  is  much  ufed  in  Eg)-pt.  And  our  Author 
tells  us.  He  hath  procured  all  the  rare  Manulcripts  of  the  «ntienteft 
and  beft  Arabian  Authors  concerning  it,  and  that  he  hopes  one  day 
to  difcover  the  admirable  Secrets  of  this  Science,  and  to  unfold  the 
e/£nigmas  under  which  it  lies  hid. 

Egypt  is  generally  divided  into  four  parts,  'Thebais  now  Sahid,  or 
upper  Eg^^f;  Bechria  or  Demefir,  otherwife  middle  Egypt ;  Err  if ^  or 
the  lower  Egypt,  and  the  Coaft  of  the  Red-Sea.  Some  make  only  two 
Divifions,  the  Upper  and  the  Lower,  following  the  courfe  ot  Nile : 
But  atprefent  Egypt  is  alfo  divided  into  Twelve  Caciefs,  Sangiacutes^ 
or  Governments. 

Jaques  Albert  reckons  thirteen  Kafiijfs  or  provincial  Jurifdi Aions, 
'VIZ,.  Girgio  or  Sahid ,  Benefuef ,  Fiam  ,  Giz,e  y  Boubera  ;  or  Baera^ 
Garbia,  Menoujia^  Manfoura,  Kallioubicby  MiniOy  Cherkeffi,  and  Kattia  : 
But  the  Divan^  or  Council  of  Gran  Cairo  will  not  allow  Kattia  to  be 
jiumbered  with  the  refl.  F.  Vanjleb.  tells  us  There  are  thirty  fix 
Caciefs  or  petty  Governors. 

Strabo  of  old  divided  it  into  thirty  feven  Parts,  by  the  Creeks  called 
Monoi :  Ftolomy  enlarged  it  to  forty  ,•  and  Herodotus  reduced  it  to 
twenty  eight :  But  thirty  feven  feems  mofl  agreeing  to  the  myfVeri- 
ous  Temple  or  Labyrinth,  (on  the  .South  fide  of  the  City  of  Alexan- 
dria, near  the  Lake  Mereotis,  and  adjoining  to  theSepulchersof  King 
Msris  and  his  Wife)  in  the  midft  whereof  were  thirty  feven  Palaces 
belonging  to  the  thirty  feven  Jurifdidions  of  £^jE!f,  whereof  ten  in 
Thebacsj  ten  in  Delta,  and  feventeen  in  the  middle  Region  ;  unto 
which  reforted  the  feveral  Prefidents,  who  had  there  their  particular 
Temples  to  celebrate  the  Feffivals  of  their  Gods.  There  were  alfo  - 
fifteen  Chappels,  containing  each  a  Neme/is  to  advifcof  Matters  of  Im- 
portance concerning  the  General  Welfare. 

Among  the  Cities,  C<?/Vo  is  call'd  the  Great,  in  refpe6t  oftheadvan-' 
tages,  which  it  has  above  all  the  Cities  of  Africa.  It  is  three  Leagues 
Lowcr,and  upon  the  oppofite  fide  to  that  place,where  flood  the  antient 
Newphis.  The  Caftle,  which  is  built  upon  the  riling  ground,  has  the 
aobleft  profpedt,  and  enjoys  the  befl  Air  in  tlie  World.    It  is  one 

S  f f  .  of 


498  Of  E  G  r  P  f.  .  '   ' 

of  the  largeft,  and  moft  Magnificent,  and  counted  the  ftrongeft  tha* 
ever  was  contrived  :  But  the  laft  relation  of  1627,  laysj  it  hath  loft 
much  of  antient  Splendor,  and  it  is  not  now  of  any  ftrength  ^  It  is 
not  of  Marble  as  ibme  relate,  but  bcautifi'd  with  feveral  pieces  of 
Mofak  work.  In  the  Caftle,Gun-powdcr  is  made  in  two  Rooms,  in  each 
of  which  are  twelve  Pewter  Mortars,  with  Iron  Peft les  to  pound  the  In- 
gredients, which  receive  their  motion  fl'om  a  long  Pole  thatanfwers 
to  a  Beam  that  ftands  in  the  middle  of  a  Chamber,  which  a  Horfe 
turns  round.  The  Water  of  JV/7e  is  conve^^'d  thither  by  an  Aquedud    . 
of  an  Hundred  and  fifty  Arches.  The  Lihabitants  oi'Cairo  muft  needs, 
he  very  numerous^  it  oeing  averr'd  that  in  the  year  161 8  there dy'd 
above  fix  hundred  thoufand  People  of  the  Peftilence,  and  yet  there, 
was  no  mifs  of  the  Inhabitants.    And  our  Author  tells  us.  That  the 
Archbifhop  of  mount  Sinai  told  him.  That  the  Plague  of  1 671 ,  or 
1672,  hacf  fwept  away  680000  poor  Perfons,  but  of  the  richer  fort 
fcarce  four  hundred  were  dead.    In  ihort,  they  fay,  it  contains  two 
hundredthoufand  Houfes,  eighteen  thoufand  confiderable  Streets,  and 
is  in  Compafs  about  twenty  five  or  thirty  Leagues.    But  then  you 
muft  take  in  the  Old  as  well  as  the  new  Cairo  ^  Fefiat,  Babylon  yCbaraffat, 
and  the  Boulac,  that  joyhs  to  it ;  For  the  New  Cairo  it  felf  is  not  fo 
.  big  as  Tarts.  The  People  ride  in  the  Streets  upon  AlTes,  as  we  make 
uie  of  Sedans  ,•  net  but  there  are  Horfes  in  Egypt j  but  the  Turks  have 
"introduc'd  this  Cuftom  to  preferve  the  Horfel  for  themfelves.    The 
Inhabitants  of  Cairo  make  thofe  fair  Carpets  which  we  call  Turky 
Carpets,  five  Miles  South  Eaft  of  the  Pyramids,  and  two  from  the 
Niins  Weft  ftood  the  Regal  City  ofMewphis,  the  Strength  and  Glory 
of  old  Egypt,  where  was  the  Temple  o£^/>/j,and  the  fumptuous  Tem- 
ple of  ^«/cvr«.    Here  ftood  the  Fan  of  F(fw«j,  and  that  of  .Jer^jp/V.     A 
City  once  adorned  with  a  World  of  A  ntiquities,  but  now  the  Ruins 
are  almoft  ruinated. 

Befidcs  the  Pyramids  and  the  Mummiss,  which  are  about  fix  Leagues 
from  Crt/VojAll  Travellers  are  cuiIjus  '.oi'cQ  Jofeph's  Well  and  his  Gra- 
naries, About  two  Leagues  aifo  from  Cairo  is  to  be  feen  the  Matarea, 
Ma-Tarca,  or  retiring  place  of  the  Virgin,  with  a  Fountain,  which, 
together  with  that  at  Cairo,  is  the  only  Spring  Water  of  Egyft.    But 
the  Plant,  or  Balm  trees,  which  bears  the  true  Balfom,  and  which 
was  brought  from  the  Holy  Land,  by  the .  care  of  Cleopatra,  and  the 
.  perniiflion  oi  Antony,  is  quite  loft.  As  alfo  the  Sycamore  Tree  which 
'  fpiit  in  two  to  hide  our  Lord  JefusChrift,  and  his  moft  Holy  Mother, 
.when  the  Soldiers  of  Herod  purfued  them. 
■  t      Sahid  formerly  Jhebes,  Dioffolis   &   HdiopUs  D,  Siculo,  Solis  Of- 

,y  fidam  P/;»,  whidi  had  a  hundred  Gates,  was  the  Refidence  of  the' 

,  ,  Egyptim 


Of  E  G  r  P  T. 


499 


tha* 
loft 
It  is 
:esof 
each 
lieln- 
ifwers 
IHorfe 
ledud 
needs 
redy'd 
there 
at  the 


Egyptian  Kings,  who  afterwards  rcmov'd  to  Alexandria,  thence  to 
Memphis  J  and  laftly  to  Cairo.  The  Modern  Relations  call  this  City 
Gergioy  and  make  itthe  Relidence  of  a  fia/^wit',  affirming  that  only  the 
Province  bears  the  Name  ofSahid ;  called  Hecatompylos,  and  in  the  Coptics 
DIAionaries,  Antinoe  Sin^Thebes^  now  Inftne,  tejlcy  l^anjleh.  Its  Mountains 
andlflands  are  as  great  Curiofities  as  any  in  %;/>?.  As  aUb  the  Pillar 
of  Marcus  Aurelius,  and  the  Arch  of  Triumph,  and  the  Hieroglvphick 
Cave,  where  the  Colours  of  the  Figures  are  very  beautiful  and  lively 
during  fo  many  Ages  paffed:  Now  Minioy  tefte  Sanfon. 

Alexandria,  Scanderic,  Turcis  df  Arabibus,  Hebnsis,  No,  built  by  Alex- 
ander the  Great,  was  formerly  one  of  thebeft  Cities  in  all  Africa  next 
to  Carthage,  where  the  Ptolemies  *ind  Cleopatra  kept  their  Courts.  It 
was  adorned  with  many  ftately  Edifices,  the  moft  famous  whereof  were 
the  Serapian ,  which  for  the  curious  Workmanihip,  and  ftatelinefs  of 
Building  was  not  inferior  to  the  Roman  Capitol.  The  Library  of 
Ptalomy  Philadelphus ,  founded  the  year  after  th^  Creation  of  the 
World  ^704,  or  by  others  5680 ,  is  faid  to  contain  400000  ,  or  ,  as 
others  writ,  700000  Volumes.  The  Obelisks  full  of  Egyptian  Hiero- 
glyphicks  of  a  vaft  bignefs,  and  of  an  intire  Stone.  When  this  City 
was  fubjed  to  the  Romans,  it  Contributed  to  them  more  in  one  Month, 
than  Jerufclem  in  a  whole  year.  Formerly  the  Tower  of  Pharos  flood 
not  for  from  it,  one  of  the  feven  Wonders  of  the  World.  The  Pil- 
lar oiPompey  leans  on  one  fide,  occafioned  by  the  Arabian  digging, 
and  under-mining  of  it,  fearehing  for  a  great  Trealiiry  hid  under 
it,  as  they  believe.  The  City  enjoys  a  fmall  Trade  to  this  day,  by 
reafon  or  its  two  Ports,  or  Havens  ,•  and  is  the  feat  of  a  Patriarch. 
St.  Mark  and  St.  Catherine  have  render'd  it  famous  in  Ecclefiaftical  Hi- 
ftory,  and  in  the  Defarts  of  St.  Macarius,  where  were  reckon'd  to 
be  above  three  hundred  Monafteries  which  lie  to  the  Weft  of  it.  But 
now  of  all  thofe  Monafteries  there  are  but  two  remai-kablc,  that  of 
the  Syrians,  and  Amha  Bifcici. 

Damietta  ,  by  the  Arabians  Damiat ,  Tamiatis  ,  or  Tamiathis  ,  tefi'e 
Gitilandino,  ihout  eight  Miles  from  the  mouth  oiNilus :  Next  to  Cairo 
it  is  the  greateft,  moft  beautiful ,  the  richeft,  the  moft  populousjand, 
fuUeft  ofMerchants  of a\\  Egypt.  It  is  built  upon  die  River  Kdus  m 
form  of  an  half  Moon :  But  it  hath  no  Walls,  norl-oitifications,  only 
a  round  high  Tower,  where  there  is  neither  Watch,  nor  Wasd, 
nor  Guns,  yet  memorable  for  the  oii:en  Sieges  laid  unco  it,  by 
thcChrifiian  Armies,  and  the  taking  of  it,  Anm.  121 8,  and  1249. 
The  Trade  of  this  City  is  in  Linnen  and  Stuffs  of  all  kinds  and  Colours, 
Coffee  and  Rice,  of  which  laft  there  is  every  year  above  five  hundred 
Ships  great  and  fmall  loaded  out  for  i'urh-  The  pickled  Mullets 
:<,,  ■Sd'i  here 


■miiiMm 


joo         ,  Of  E  GTP  r. 

here  are  highly  efteemed  all  over  the  Levant.  The  Town  is  govern- 
ed by  an  Aga^  fent  thither  by  the  Tacha  o(  Cairo. 

Manfoura  is  fituate  upon  the  Eaft  fide  of  the  Nilus.  Here  St.  Ltwis 
the  French  King  was  taken  Prifoner  by  Sultan  Sakh,  in  the  Hiftory  of 
the  Holy  War^tranflated  out  of  the  French ,  'tis  called  Kafel.  Its  antient 
Nam©  I  find  not,  by  its  fituation  it  (hould  be  near  unto  the  Tanis  of 
Strab.  and  Ttol.  the  Taphnis.  Ezekieli. 

Telujtunt  ,  called  Bdbais,  by  JV.  of  Tyre,  now  Calixene,  tefie  Bon/!c^ 
ticUy  was  the  Birth  place  oiftokmj  the  Geographer,  and  the  Epilco- 
pal  Seat  oilfidore. 

Rofetta  ItaliSy  Rafchit '  Turcis ,  t^e  Metelis  of  Ptol.  and  Mela ,  tefie 
Ben.  Tudelenji,  Bolbitinay  tefie  Villano,  d^  Mol.  aliis  ,  Canapus  :  But  by 
Zieglaty  Bocher^  or  Bichieriy  vulgo  C.  de  Becur^  is  the  Campus  from  Ca~ 
nobus.  Menelaus,  Pilot  was  here  buried,  a::  d  where  ftood  the  Temple  of 
Serafis. 

According  to  F.  Vanfiebius,  Fuva,  or  Fuoa  feated  upon  the  Eaft 
fide  of  Nilus  J  feven  hours  fromRofetta^v/,xS  by  thcGreeks  called  Metelisy 
and  in  the  Copties  DiAionary,  Mejfil^  which  he  faith  is  very  antient,.  a 
great  and  confiderable  Town,  in  a  delightful  Territory  of  pleafant 
Fields  and  Gardens,  and  that  Ge^irc?,  or  the  Ifland  of  Gold,  is  over 
againft  this  City. 

At  Rofette  the  Nilus  hath  two  Branches  or  Mouths  which  run  in- 
to the  5'^a,  which  are  guarded  with  two  Gaftles,  that  which  is  about 
a  Mile  and  a  half  from  Uo/eff^,  is  a  fquare  encompalfed  with  ftrong 
Walls,  built  according  to  the  old  way,  having  four  Towers  furniflied 
with  leveniy  four  Pieces  of  Cannon,  whereof  feven  are  of  an  extra- 
ordinary- bignefs.  The  other  Caftle  is  but  a  Mofque,  before  it  ftand 
feven  Pieces  of  Artillery  on  the  Ground. 

The  W  aters  of  Maadieis  a  Gulph  or  Pool,  whofe  Waters  are  very 
fait,  and  comes  not  from  Nilus. 

JSenefuaif  is  the  Hevmopolis  of  Strab.  and  Tlin.  tefie  J.  Leone,  the  Her- 
metis  ,  or  Herntopolis  Ptol.  Here  Pan  and  Hircus  were  Wcrlhipped,  tefie 
Zozomeno  in  Hifioria  Ecclefiafiica  :  'Tis  now  ca\\Qd  IfcheMtif^ein ,  tefie 
Vanfiiih. 

Seminauty  the  antient  Schennisj  or  Sebenit,  tefie  Fanfieb ,  Sturione 
Negro  J  is  a  great  Town  feated  on  the  Weft  fide  of  Niks,  where  the 
Barks  that  fail  for  0/V*pay  Cuftom.  The  Cuftom-houfe  is  built  upon 
a  Ship  in  the  River. 

Mitgamr^  i:  a  very  beautiful  and  large  Town,  in  the  middle  way  be- 
tween Damiata  and  Cairo,  on  the  Eaft  fide  oi  Nilus,  and  over  agaijift 
it  is  Sifie  a  fair  and  large  Town. 

Cham 


im»^"ji>jj'"ii>*","!i,.iiiw. 


jovern- 

:.  Lewis 
ftory  of 
antient 
anis  of 

Epilco- 

ta ,  tefie 

But  by 

rom  Ca- 

;mpl(s  of 

he  Eaft 
Metelisy 
ntient^a 
pleafant 
,  is  over 

t  run  in- 
is  about 
h  ftrong 
urnifhed 
m  extra- 
it  ftand 

are  very 

the  Her- 

ped,  tejh 
UHy  tefie 

Sturione 
lere  the 
lilt  upon 

way  be- 
'  agaijift 


Of  E  GT  P  r.  '  ^01 

Chana  is  the  Omhrl  or  Ombros,  Invenal.  tefie  Ortel.  rather  Co^htes 
tefie  Ramufio:  forty  four  Miles  from  Tbebes^  and  three  hundred  from 
Alexandria. 

Alguechet  is  the  Oafis  Magna  oi  Herod,  Vtoh  &C.  AnaftSy  Strah,  Avafis 
aliisy  now  GttdemeZy  Zieglero. 

El~Eocathy  or  Eleoch'et  is  the  Oafis  parva.  Azagar  Barria. 

Abutick  or  Abutig  is  the  ancient  Abydus,  tefie  Cafi.  &  Mol. 

Sues  J  or  Suez,,  the  Refid'mm  oiStrabo,  the  Arfinoe  and  Cleopatris  Ttot. 
tefie  Zieglero,  which  contains  not  above  t^vo  hundred  Houies,  with  a 
bad  Portj  is  neverthelefs  the  Turks  Arfepal  upon  the  Red-Sea.  The 
Haven  isfmall  ind  fliallow^fcr  neither  Galliesnor  Ships  can  enter  into 
itj  till  they  are  half  unladen  ,•  which  is  the  reafon  that  moft  of  the 
Veflels  lie  in  the  Road,  where  they  are  morefecure  than  in  the  Port. 
The  Governour  keeps  twofmall  Gall-es,  and  fome  orlier  VelTels,  to 
maintain  hii  Authority  in  the  Red-Sec.  The  Commodities  oixht  E.zfi 
Indies  were  heretofore  brought  thither,  and  then  cohvey'd  into  Europe; 
but  now  the  Turks  enjoy  no  more  that  commerce,  by  r(^afon  of  the 
fettlement  of  the  Chtifiians  in  the  Indies.  The  Ships  fet  out  from  Sues 
in  the  Spring  and  Summer,  when  the  North  Wind  blows  ,•  the  South 
Winds  being  moflconftant  in  Winiwrand  Autumn.  Cojfir  formerly  Be- 
renice,  was  the  Port  whither  the  Romans  ordered  all  Goods  to  be  brought 
that  came  from  the  Eafi  Indies;  which  from  thence  were  carryed  the 
neareft  way  by  the  Nile  to  the  City  ofCoptos,  now  called  Cana.  Buga 
in  the  moft  Southern  part  of  Egypt  is  a  Kingdom,  according  to  the 
Relations  of  165'?,  tributary  to  the  Abyfiins. 

The  ancient  Town  oi  Arfinoe  fiiuated  near  Fium  is  totally  ruined, 
nothing  now  remaining  but  a  great  many  Mountains  made  of  the 
Ruines  and  Rubbifli  of  the  Town,  once  one  of  the  moft  great  and 
glorious  Cities  of  Eg^/'f. 

The  Monaftery  oi  St.  Anthony  hath  no  Gate,  but  Men  and  Beafts 
are  all  drawn  up  over  the  Wall  by  a  Pulley,  it  hath  about  tv/o 
thoufar  d  four  hundred  Acres  within  the  Wall. 

Shtt  called  in  Greek  Lycopolis,  tefie  Vanfi.  but  Baud,  tells  us,  Lycopolis 
is  now  Munia ,  tefie  Mot.  is  One  of  the  moft  famous  Towns  c>f 
the  Upper  Egypt ,  feated  on  the  foot  of  a  barren  Mountain,  that  ftands 
on  the  Weft  lide  about  half  a  League  from  Nilus  :  The  Town  is 
great  and  populous,  full  oiCb.ifiian  Cophties,  where  is  a  Cave  cut  in 
the  Rock,  Large  enough  to  draw  up  in  Battalia  one  thouland 
Horf3. 

Tabra  is  feated  near  the  Ruins  of  the  ancient  Town  Abutig,  caWz^ 
by  the  Cophties  *7ro9«>ci  upon  the  Banks  oi  Niks  about  two  daysjourny 
from  Siut  towad'ds  the  Soeith.  ?, 

The 


fOX 


W 


Of  EG  TTT. 


y  "v'       V 


The  Monaftery  of  St.  SenoMus  the  Archimandrite, drmmtS.  the  Whiti^^ 
is  built  near  the  Ruins  of  the  Antient  Town  Mribe,  where  are  the 
Remains  of  one  of  the  moft  Magnificent  Strudures  that  hath  been  in 
Eppt.    "'.'/".-    V-        ••-;••■■         •   ■'      ...■.-■«.:"    .  .    ■ 

Minie  is  an  antietit,  great  and  fairTown^ph  the  Weft  fide  ofNiluf, 
where  are  made  the  Barda^Hesj  or  Water-pots,  which  are  fo  highly 
eftecmed  at  Cairo.  " 

Ifne.  FanJl.Jfna,  J.  Leont,the  Syme  Tlin.  Vtol,  &  Died,  four  hundre4 
and  fifty  Miles  from  Mexandria.  Ifvan^  Afnan,  or  Afuanr,  is  the  Me^ 
tacomffa  of  Vtol.  Tacompfon  Vlin.Tacbemimfto  Mela,  tefie  Zieglero.  Tuot  is 
Eleven  Leagues  North  of  Jfiia,  on  the  Eaft  ot  Niks,  where  is  a 
Temple  of  the  Antient  Egyptians. 

Arment  is  twelve  leagues  from  tuot,  now  ruined  and  forfaken 
where  the  Egyptians  beHeye,  Mofss  was  bom. 
•»^^  At  Luxer  two  Leagues  from  Tmt,  are  to  be  feen  the  llemains  of  an 
Antient  and  beautiful  Temple,  in  which  are  feventy  eight  Pillai?  '^ 
a  prodfeious  bignefs,  and  at  the  01dL«xer  is  an  antient  Palace,  whole 
Ruins  mew,  that  it  hath  been  very  glorious. 

Bethfames,  was  one  of  the  Chief  Cities  of  lt<w»<7/j  otCojlien:  '  >  " 

Ahydusy  now  Ahtitich,  once  the  Royal  Seat  oiMemnon,  renowned 
for  the  Tempte  of  0/m,  and  the  Statue  oiMgmnon,  ./*:/..  r 

The  chief  Lakes  in  £|[7/>^  vjtx^Mareotis,  novfLago  deAntacon  Sehaka 
^VanjiekthQ  other  Affrw,  now  called  Buchiarea,  or  Kern,  Vanjleb. 


■  ■     1 

,  V      -.  .  -  .    - 


•I 


.    I ;    r 


uy 


'BlLEDULCsu..I% 


A. 
J 


■      %, 


1 

A 


jBriBDULO^BRrD  and  ZAARA.      ioj 


■/    tfi^ 


BILEDULOBRrv.ZAARA:         Seel 

Ti;W%nV  improperly  isth«  f^*  »[ i"*  ,i°S  Sate" 
X5  Inhibited  the  Gmli,  «S'^'^'^^i''9^^1^J^a  Thkv^rt 
^lich  is  a  Fruit  which  much  ^^B'"]!'' '}'^J^f^^''S-Barh^.  Its 
oUfrica  extends  from  Eaft  to  Weft,  ~;.y'^,^'^-^^iiand 
principal  Parts  are  Su,  or  Ti/ef,  D*rA^,  ^'j^'ZrjJ&^ioiBarca. 


mim' 


fi^i 


^^64  '^  "  Of  £  err  r.     ;  -  ^  ^ '  \    J:' 

Sus  hy  Samtus  IS  caWeA  Tefet,  to  diftinguiih  it  from  that  in  tlie 
Kingdom  of  Morocco :  It  is  faid  to  have  many  Towns  Caftles  and 
Villages.    Its  Inhabitants  are  Beril>ere>^  Africans  or  Arabs, 

Tejfet  is  a  Town  of  about  four  hundred  Houfes. 

Darha,  its  chief  Town  bears  the  fame  name,  feated  upon  a  River, 
alfo  fo  called. 

Segelonteffa  is  one  of  the  greateft  and  beft  Provinces  of  Bikdulgerid, 
whole  chief  City  bears  the  (ame  name,  containing  feveral  fmall 
Eftates. 

Tegorarln  hath  more  than  fifty  walled  Towns,  and  one  hundred 
and  fifty  Villages. 

Zeb  and  Mezab  are  much  troubled  with  Scorpions,  whofe  biting  is 
mortal. 

The  Eftates  of  7<?c/.^y;  iGuergttlahxvQ  each  their  Prince^  yet 
pay  Tribute  to  Algier. 

Bikdulgeridy  or  Biled-Elgered  contains  the  Eftates  of  Gademes,  Fez- 
zen  and  Teorregu,  the  chief  City  is  Caphfa,  or  Capha  Hiid  to  be  built 
by  the  Lyblan  Hercules. 

There  are  in  Btkdulgsrid  {omc  few  Mahometan  Kings,  whofe  power 
is  very  inconfiderable .  The  Arabians  under  their  Cheicks  or  Chiefs, 
are  very  ftrong  in  Horle,  and  would  be  able  to  attempt  great  things, 
were  they  not  (o  much  at  War  among  themfelves.  Sometimes  they 
affift  the  Turks y  fonietimes  the  King  01  Morocco  and  Fez,.  The  change 
of  Governments,  anddiverfity  of  Languages  has  made  a  great  altera- 
tion in  the  Names  of  the  Cities.  The  Arabians  are  great  Hunters  of 
Oftridges,  as  getting  great  profit  by  it.  For  they  fell  the  Feathers,  eat 
'  theFleih,  make  Bags  of  their  Skins  to  put  their  baggage  in,*  they 
.  divine  by  the  Heart,  they  make  their  Medicaments  of  the  Fat,  and 
Pendants  for  their  Ears  of  the  Claws  and  Beaks. 

Mount  AUs  extends  fome  of  its  Limbs  into  Biledulgerid.  And  the 
Cape  of  Non  was  for  a  good  while  the  furtheft  fliore  of  the  Portugal 
Navigation. 

Zahara  or  Zaara  fignifies  a  Defart :  And  is  part  of  that  which  the 
Antients  called  Lybia  Interior,  where  lived  the  Antient  GetuU  and 
Garamantes, 

The  Getuli  Were  a  People  of  the  Interior  t.ybla  ,  Vagrants  having 

no  certain  fixed  Habitation,  tefie  Silio  &  Mela  :  By  Tliny  they  are 

placed  in  Mauritania  Gafaricnfs  ,  next  to  the  Majfajylis.     By   Ftolowy 

in  Lybia  interior  near  to  Dara  :  By  Honorius  between  Carthage  and 

-  Numidia, 


"^ 


tk 


Thefe 


T" 


^■^PPf 


BILEDULCtRID  and  ZAARA,         50^ 

Ther^  is  nothing  to  be  feen  but  Sand,  Mountains,  and  Scorpions  |  • 
for  which  reafon  the  Inhabitants  were  Boots  to  preferve  themfelves 
from  being  bitten  by  thofe  Aminals.     Neverthelefs,  the  Air  is  whole-    • 
foine,  and  the  Sick  are  brought  thither  out  of  other  Countrys  to 
recover  their  Health.  The  ^r^^i<«»/ make  three  Divifions  of  it  j  Cehel^ 
where  the  Sand  is  -fmall  without  any  greennefs.     Zaara,  where  it  is 
all  Gravel,  and  foniewhat  green.     And  Afgar  full  of  Lakes ,   Grafs 
and  Shrubs.    Travellers  muft  provide  themfelves  of  all  neceffaries. 
For  tht  Houfes  and  Wells  are  lb  far  diftant  one  from  another,  that  a 
Man  may  Travel  a  hundred  Leagues  together ,  and  not  meet  either " 
with  Lodging  or  Water.     In  one  of  thefe  Defarts,  a  Merchant  fuf- 
fer'd  fo  fevere  a  Drowth,  that  he  gave  ten  thoufand  Duckets  for  a 
glafs  of  Water  ^  and  yet  he  dy'd  as  well  as  the  Carrier  that  had  re- 
ceiv'd  the  Mony.    Men  are  fbrc'd  fometimes  to  bury  themfelves 
in  the  Sands,  to  avoid  the  Lions,  and  other  Wild  Beafts,  that  make 
a  moft  dreadful  roaring  in  the  Night.     The  Natives  are  for  the  moft 
part  Shepherds,  and  the  beft  Huntfmen  in  the  World,  but  very  mife- 
rable.  Some  of  them  htq  'Mahum.  a»s,  but  the  moft  part  Libertines. 
Several  petty  Lords  receive  tlie  Tribute  of  the  Caravans  that  pais 
through  the  Countiy .    Their  other  Revenue  confifts  in  Cattle  ,•  and 
when  they  value  the  Wealth  of  a  Man,they  ask  how  many  Camels  he 
hath. 

There  are  reckon'd  to  be  five  principal  Defarts,  Zanhaga,  Zuenziga, 
wherein  there  are  Salt-Pits,  Tatga,  Lemptaand  Berdoa,  to  which  fome 
add  Borno  and  Gaoga.  The  Chir,  which  is  their  biggelt  River,  makes 
fome  very  confiderable  Lakes,  and  is  lofl  in  the  Sands,  in  feveral  pla- 
ces as  it  runs  ^  the  Rio  Ouro,  was  io  call'd  by  thcPortugals,  by  reafon  of 
Gold  which  they  found  in  it,  at  their  firft  coming.  This  River  runs 
under  the  Tropic  through  Defnt  Countries,  with  ten  or  twelve  Arms 
toward  the  end  of  its  courfe.  The  Coaft  to  Cape  Bejador  is  nothing 
but  white  and  grey  Sand-hills,  overgrown  with  wild  Bulruihes. 

Nigritiay  or  the  Land  of  the  Blacks  feems  to  be  16  call'd  from  the 
Antient  Nigrites,  fo  term'd  alfo  from  the  blacknefs  of  their  Com- 
plexion :  Or  elfe  from  the  Colour  of  the  earth,  which  in  fome  parts 
is  all  fcorched  and  burnt  up  by  the  exceflive  Heat.  The  JV/^cr  fbmc- 
what  qualifies  the  Heat  ol  the  Country  ;  but  the  Rains  occafion  le- 
veral  Difeafes.  Cafe  Blanco,  or  Caput  Album,  is  a  long  extent  of 
Sand,  as  hard  as  a  Rock,  about  ten  or  twelve  Cubits  hie^h,  with  a 
Ipacious  Port ,  where  Ships  ride  fafe ,  whatever  Wind,  for  the 
niofl:  part,  blows.    Arguln,  a  Caftle  in  a  fmall  Ifland,  belongs  to  the 

Tt.t  .  ;  i-}(MantI<r$ 


K 


••    "  >  ■ , 


J^ 


-•■i.t 


.^H»*-*" 


^o6        BILBDULGERltr  and  ^AARA. 

Hollanders.    Barks  may  go  up  the  River  of  S>2\nt  John  ,  and  there 
Trade  with  the  Nepros  for  Oftridge  Feathers,  Gums,  Amber,  and 
fome  fmall  parcels' of  Gold.    Senega ^  one  of  the  principal  Arms  of 
Niger  J  is  not  above  a  League  over  at  the  Mouth.     The  Coaft  to  the 
North  of  Senega  is  very  low,  not  to  be  feen  hardly  twelve  Leagues 
off  the  Road   of  Cape  Verd.   the  A/tnerium  fromontorium,  tefie  Barrio. 
Martcandan  and  Befinege^  Thev.  RyjJ'adium  fromont,  tefie  Nigro.  is  about 
twelve  Fathom  deep,  with  a  gray  Sand  at  the  bottom.     Thcflemijlj 
Ifland ,  or  Goree ,  is  fortified  with  a  Platform  flanked  with  four  Ba- 
ftions,  with  a  ftrong  brick  ToWer.    The  entry  into  it  is  upon  the 
Weft  part  of  the  Ifland,  where  a  Ship  of  fifteen  hundred  Tun  may 
Ride.    The  Road  is  good,  but  there  is  little  frefli  Water.    Refrifco 
is  a  very  convenient  retiring  place.    Gambia  is  about  five  Leagues 
over  at  the  Mouth  ,•  but  is  not  Navigable  for  Barks  above   fixty 
Leagues,  by  reafon  of  the  Sands  and  Rocks  in  it.  Some  fay,  that  the 
Tortugals  go  up  the  Niger,  as  far  as  the  Kingdom  of  Benin,  which  is 
above  eight  hundred  Leagues :  That  the  Danes  poffefs  Cantozi ,  to- 
ward that  part  where  Niger  divides  it  felf  ^  That  Niger  makes  leve- 
fai  Lakes,  upon  which  are  built  many  fine  Cities,  from  whence  there 
go  Caravans  as  far  as  Tripoli  in  Barbary.    The  Negro's  are  very  fimple. 
Idolaters  toward  the  Sea,  and  Mahumetans  in  the  Ifland  Coun- 
try.   They  have  fome  very  confiderable  Kingdoms,  but  the  greateft 
part  of  their  Cities  are  not  fo  good  as  our  Villages  ,•  the  Houfes  be- 
ing built  of  Wood,  Chalk  and  Straw  ,•  and  many  times  one  of  thefe 
Cities  make  a  Kingdom.    The  laft  Kings  of  Tomhote  were  reported 
to  have  Great  ftore  of  Goid  in  Bars  and  Ingots.    The  Kingdom  of 
Gualata  affords  Millet.     Geneboa  is  rich  in  Cotton  :  In  that  of  Agades 
ftands  a  City  indifferently  well  built.     Bcrno,  formerly  the  Country 
of  the  Gatamantes,  is  Inhabited  by  a  people  that  have  all  things  in 
common,every  particular  perfon  acknowledging  them  for  his  Children 
which  are  moft  like  'em  j  the  molt  flat  nos'd  being  accounted  the 
moft"  beautiful:     They  of  Senega  trade  in  Slaves ,  Gold-duft  Hides, 
Gums  and  Civits.     The  Negro's  they  are  very  flrong  and  therefore 
bear  a  better  price  ;  thofe  ofGuiny  are  good,  but  net  fo  flrong,  for 
which  reafon  they  are  ufually  put  to  work  within  doors.     'Tis  the 
Proverb,  that  he  that  would  have  good  fervice  from  a  Ntgro  mufl: 
give  him  little  Meat,  keep  him  to  hard  Labour,  and  beat  him  often. 
To  the  South  of  JV%cr  lie  feveral  little  Kingdoms,  that  ofMtUi,  with 
a  City  containing  lix  thoufand  Houfes.     Gago,  abounding  in  Gold. 
2jegx.eg,  confiderable  foe  its  Trade.    Zanfara,  fertile  in  Corn.    To 
KckoAany  more  of  their  Towns^  would  i)e  as  tedious  as  unneceiTary^ 


\ 


f  '^. 


"■-*- 


with 


.  BILEDULGERID,  and  !ZAAkA.        yo> 

as  being  neither  well  peopl'd  nor  of  any  Trade.  And  indeed  all 
thefe  Kingdoms  and  people  are  fo  little  known^  that  'tis  not  worth  the 
time  and  pains  to  fpaak  more  of  them.      -^ '  "  "  •• '      :  • 

I  fhall  only  fay ,  That  the  Arabian  Geographer  tells  Wonders  of 
Ghana  ov  Cam,  of  its  Greatnefs,  Riches  and  Trade,  of  its  King,  Go- 
vernment, Palace,  &c.  But  how  far  to  be  credited  muft  be  left  to 
thofe  who  have  been  inthofe  parts,  thePor/^//^<j'// and  Hollanders ,  having 
been  the  chief  Traders  on  thefe  Coafts. 


r 


Jii- 


1  .ou 
I. 


».! 


'-r--    '  Of  GUI  NE  A,' '';:'■'' '■\'.r     \. 


^  ■■••...  \ 


;♦  .■■^r,{ 


,f'-i,lt': 


sJ    -. 


Guinea  is  a  long  Coaft  of  Land,contain'd  between  thcCape  of  Sierra 
"teone,  on  the  Weft,  and  the  River  Camcrmes  onthe  Ealt,  confin- 
ing about  feven  or  eight  hundred  Leagues  in  length,  and  not  above  one 
hundred,  or  one  hundred  and  fifty,  in  breadth :  It  is  divided  into 
three  principal  parts ,  Maleguete ,    Guinj  and   Benin.    Under  the 
Name  of  Malaguete,  is  contained  all  that  Land  between  the  Capes  of 
Sierra  Leone,  and  Tdmasj^nA.  is  fo  called  from  the  abundance  o(  Makr- 
guete,  a  fort  of  Spice  like  pepper,  but  much  ftronger  than  that  oi  India, 
and  of  their  Palm-trees  they  make  Wine  as  ftrong  as  the  beft  of  ours. 
Gtiiny  extends  from  Cape  Pah;as,  to  the  River  Fohus,  it  is  the  larg- 
eft  and  beft  known  of  all  the  three  parts ;  its  Coaft  from  Cape  Palwus  to 
Cape  three  PunBas,  is  called  the  Ivory  Coafi,  that  which  is  beyond  it  is 
called  the  Gold  Coafi,  where  are  the  Kingdoms  ofSabou,  Footu,  Accara, 
and  others.  The^Kingdoni  of  Benin,  which  is  the  third  Part,  hath  more 
than  two  hundred  and  fifty  Leagues  in  length.  Cape  Fo^wo/^,  dividing 
it  into  two  parts,  its  principal  City  fo  called  is  efteemed  the  greateft 
and  beft  built  of  any  in  Guiny,  the  King  thereof  is  iaid  to  keep  five 
or  fix  hundred  Wives 

The  whole  Coaft  of  Guiny  is  fubjed  to  fuch  exceflive  heats,  that 
were  it  not  for' the  Rains,  and  coolnefs  of  the  JSii^hts,  it  would  be 
altogether  unhabitable.  It  furniiLes  other  Countrys  with  Parnts, 
Apes,  White  Salt,  Elephants  Teeth,  Hides,  Cotton,  Wax,  Amber- 
greele.  Gold  and  Slaves.  The  Natives  are  reputed  to  be  prefiimptuous 
Thieves,  Idolaters,  and  very  fuperftitious  keeping  their  I  cililcestliiy  or 
Sabbath  on  the  Thurfduy  ,•  there  is  Saint  George  cfihc  AUyn^  bn^t  by 
rhe  Portmals,  but  now.  in  the  poifeffion  ot  the  IloHc-ndcr,  as  ;il1o 
the  Ports  N:ij]lui,  Cormentin,  and  Jix]ma.  To  the  FjjgUjh^  .imojig  cthci's 
belongs  Cape  Corfe,  and  to  the  Dr.ves,  Frederic  s-burgh.  The  beft 
City  that  belongs  to  the  ycgros  is  Jrda,  toward  tlic  L-oaft  in  Bcvlv^ 

T  1 1  2  Gidm 


5o8        BILBDULGERID  and  ZAARA, 

Guiny  isGovern'd  by  a  King,who  fent  an  Embaffador  toTaris  toward 
the  end  of  the  year  1670  for  the  fettlement  of  a  Trade.  The  Baboons 
in  Guiny  do  the  Natives  very  great  pieces  of  feyvicej  for  they  fetch 
Water,  turn  the  Spit,  and  wait  at  Table,  &c. 

Nubia  J  is  three  hundred  Leagues  in  length,  and  two  hundred  in 
breadth.  It  prefervcs  fome  remains  of  C^n/wwi/w, in  the  old  Churches 
and  in  their  Ceremonies  of  Baptifm.  The  Nubians  are  under  a  King, 
who  always  keeps  a  body  of  Horfe  upon  the  Frontiers  of  his  King- 
dom, as  having  potent  Enemies  to  his  Neighbours ,  the  Ahyjfim  and 
Turkijh  Hiftorians  credibly  relate,  that  an  army  of  one  hundred 
thouiand  Horfe  was  rais'd,  and  lead  againft  one  of  the  Governoursof 
Egypt,  by  a  King  of  Nubia.  Out  of  this  Country  the  Merchants  ex- 
port Gold,  Civet,  Sandal-wood,  Ivory^  Arms  andf  Cloath.  The  Nu- 
bians tr^de  chiefly  with  the  Egyptians  ot  Cairo,  and  other  Cities  of  that 
Country.  They  have  a  fubtile  and  penetrating  Poyfon,  aft  ounce 
whereof  is  valued  at  a  hundred  Ducats.  Infomuch  that  one  of  the 
principal  Revenues  of  the  King  is  in  the  Duties,  which  he  receives  fpr 
the  exportation  of  this  Poyfon.  They  fell  it  to  ftrangers,  upon  coil* 
dition  they  /hall  not  make  ufe  of  it,  within  the  Kingdom.  There  grow 
Sugar-Canes  in  the  Country,  but  the  Natives  know  not  what  to  do 
with  them.  There  are  among  them  a  fort  of  Bereheres,  of  the  Muffel- 
man  Religion,  who  travel  in  Troops  to  Cairo,  where  they  put  them- 
felves  into  fervice,  and  return  Again,  as  foonas  they  have  got  ten  or 
twelve  Piafters  together.  The  Capital  Cities  are  Nubia,  and  Dan- 
«.ala,  near  to  Nile.  The  reft  fo  little  known,  that  it  fuffices  to  fee  their 
names  in  the  Maps.  A  Relation  made  in  the  year  1670,^  tells  us. 
That  the  King  oi  Damala  pays  a  Tribute  in  Linen  Cloath,  to  the 
King  of  the  Abyjfms.  Geography  is  in  fome  meafure  beholding  to 
this  Country,  as  being  the  place  that  gave  birth  to  that  famous  Nubian 
Geographer.  ^        .  .       . 


Of 


Of  Er  HI  0  9  I  J,  Or, 

"    'SR^JL§_IJ>IJ  J. 

J\f         j\'         At  j¥         .4\»  ^ 


^09 


7Habe«sxmia^    '    •  "^ 

Smu 
AbASSIA4^ 
StHTOPIA      im   1  .    j 


>■<• 


■mti/it 

RVBKX 


Timna.  i 

'Hehrm'Maiyant  j 
&aUt*   . 

Vthra.  Jimiyant 


,'"BciiUi"'" 

■' ' V"^  i  •'"•IK''"*'*' 


redril 


! 


®-Jt«v 


r^ 


^i^iA**«*.  ,i>^-J' 


f*/* 


\j»r»uk* 


r*. 

- -.  Cat* •i«fe*'-^Si*^..--^.,^zJMr^^  A^SH"^^      ^     ■    ■  "^ 


\  ,  ^«.^ --i"<_:^....::......i..-^-V„^7 -^^^^  jj. 


■-J^  yOmgixi 


^g^-^./     <>:;a>'^^^ 


SO    little  of  Truth  hath  been  communicated  to  this  part  of 
the  World  concerning  Etbiofia^  that  having  met  with  the 
Ethio^ick  Hiftory    of  Job,.  LudolfbHs ,   which  is    the    moft  exa<a 

Ac?- 


'T^-: 


"..  ^% 


J 


I 


^10  .  Of  BTl/IOPtA.     . 

Account  cttiint :  I  have  been  the  larger  in  taking  .in  AbftraA  of 

'Tis  fcated,  as  this  Author  tc\h  usj  In  Jfi-ica  above  Efjpt  beyond 
Nubia^  between  tlie  eighth  and  lixtcenth  Degree  of  North  Latitude, 
contrary  to  all  our  Maps  extant,  which  extends  its  felf  to  tjie  four- 
teenth  or  fifteenth  Pegrce  South  Latitude  :  So  that  the  length  of  it 
from  North  to  South,i^  not  more  than  tour  hundred  and  eighty  Miles, 
of  fixty  to  a  Degree  ^  but  according  to  the  old  Maps  it  was  more 
than  one  thoufand  eight  hundred  of  the  fame  Miles  ,•  and  the  length 
of  it  is  about  fix  hundred  Miles  from  the  Re/J-Sea,  at  the  Port  of 
Bailie  to- J  to  the  River  N/Ims,  at  the  firtheft  limits  of  Dcmbea. 

Towards  the  North,  it  joins  to  the  Kingdom  of  Fund  or  Sennar 
by  the  Vortugnls^  Fungi  ,•  a  part  of  the  antient  JV«^/V,  towards  the  Eaft 
it  was  formerly  bounded  by  the  Red-Sea.  But  now  the  Turks  are 
Mafters  of  Arkekoj  the  Illand  Matz^ua,  and  all  that  Coaft,  only  the 
Prince  of  Dancale y  who  commands  the  Port  ofBailleurj  is  a  Friend  to 
t\\Q  AbcJJines :  But  the  King  of -^^/f/^  a.  Mehttmetan ,  upon  the  ftraits 
of  Bab-elman  dab  (the  Dreadful  Mouth)  is  a  protelt  Enemy  to 
them. 

Towards  the  South  ,  the  barbarous  Nation  of  the  Gallans  have  ei- 
ther wafted  or  polTefled  the  Kingdoms  of  Dawaro,  Bali,  Fatagar, 
[Fed J  Biz^ama,  Cambata,  Alaba ,  Zendero ,  by  the  Vortugals,  GingirOj 
and  Enarea  the  Southern  Bounds :  Laftly,  the  River  Maleg  and 
NHhs  rowling  through  feveral  vaft  Defarts  clofe  up  the  Wcftern 
Limits.  •.' 

The  Inhabitants  are  now  called  Hahejfincs,  Abeffines^  oV  Abaffmes 
a  Name  given  them  by  the  Arabians,  in  whole  Language  Habejli  fig. 
nifies  Confulion  or  mixture  of  People  :  The  Gerwans  found  it  Sha- 
baJJj,  or  Hhabajli  •  the  Italians,  Habafcta  ,•  the  French ,  Habech  ^  the 
Portttgalsj  Abex  ■:  But  they  generaly  call  their  Kingdom  Irjcpia  (E- 
thicfia)  and  thcmfelves  Itjopiawjan,  Ethiopians  ,•  and  alfo  Geez,  and 
the  Country  of  Ag-azi,  or  the  Land  of  Ag-azjan,  that  is.  Freemen. 
Thele  AbaJJenes  formerly  inhabited,  Arabia,  and  were  reckon'd  into 
the  nviniber  of  the  Sabeavs  or  Homerltcs  :  So  Stephanus  relates  out  of 
the  Arabicks  of  Ur-avius,  that  they;iiaprdered  upon  the  Scbcavs.  Tlie 
(<r>m<^r»  Writers  called  rhcni  Amwitcs  ^  ^vA  many  of  the  Antients 
called  them  Judinns^  others  the  Empire  of  t\\Q,  'Negus,  and  fome  the 
Jvin^:dcm  ofPn_//(?r  yoZv;.  '""*'  ^ 

The  jkiiigdonis  of  Ethiipia  :iXQ,  varicuf.y  named  by  nioft  Authors. 
Vaidus  jc't'ic^s  diftinguUKcs  the  Empire  into  more  than  forty  King- 
dcinis  ,'  Mat  he-IP  the,  Armenian,  firft  AinbafTlidor  from  the  Abajjenes  to 
-Vortngal,  will  nec<ls  H'ayc!  lixty  ,  Tesfa  Sionus  afnrnis  fix'ty  two, 
-■  ^'-l    •  ■         .  V.  NicoLnts 


--x 


OfETHlOTIA,  ^  fii 

'^-  p.  Nicblaus  Godignusy   from    John  Sabriel,  a  Vortuguefe    Colonel,  that 
had  been  many  years  there  alTcrrs  twenty   fix  Kingdoms,  and  four- 
teen Provinces  :  But  Job  Ludolphus,  in  his  Hiftory   reckons  thefe 
I.  Jmbara  the  moft  Noble,  where  are  thofe  inacceflible  and  fortified 
Rocks,  Gelhetiy  and  Ambacely  where  formerly  the  Kings  Sons  were  fe- 
cured  ,•  z.  Angot  '  ^.  Bagetniier,  in  the- old  Maps   BagamldriyH   large 
and  fertile  Kingdom,  Watered  with  many  Rivers :  4.  Balli.  the  firft 
fubdued  by    the   Gallans  :  f.   Bizsamo  :  6.   Bungna  :  7.   Cambata  ,  the 
Inhabitants  whereof  are  called  HaJea :  8.Co»r,by  the  Tortugals  called 
Conch,    9.   Damot  :  10.  Dawaro:  11.   Dembej a,  or   DembeUy   now  fa- 
mous from  the  Royal  Camp  continually  pitched  there  :  12.  Enareahy 
the  Portugalsj  Narea  ;  and  by  Cordinusy  Nerea  ;  13.  Tatagar  :   14.  Ga- 
fat.    If.   Gaighe  :  16.   Gan  :  ij.   Ganz  :    18.     Ghedm  :     19.     Gojam, 
Goyame  in  the  Maps,  famous  for  the  Fountains  of  Nile  therein  now 
dilcovercd  :   20  Combo  :  21,  Gonga.  22.   Guraghe ;  23.    If  at.    24.   Sa- 
men  ,  by   Telkutts   Cemen  :  25".   Set.  26.    Sewa  ,  or   Sheiva  ,  by   the 
Tortugals  Xoa,  or  Xaoa^  a  very  large  and  opulent  Kingdom  :  27.  Shat^ 
by  the  Portttgals  Xat ;  28.  Tigre,  or  Tegra,  one  of  the  principal  and 
moft  fertile  Kingdoms^  where  the  former  Kings  kept  their  Courts  at 
Axuma  :    29.   is  IValaka ,  by  the   Tortugals  Oleca  ,  or  Holeca,     The 
30.  JVedy  by  the  Tortugals ^  Ogge  ;  of  all  thefe  the  King  of  the  A- 
htjfmes  enjoys  at  prefent  Ambara^  Bagcmder,  Cambata,  Damot ,  Dembea, 
Enarca,  Gojam,  Samen,  and  Sawa,  with   the  Provinces   of  Emfras, 
Mazaga,  Tzagadey  Wagara,  and  Walkayt,  to  which  we  may  add  the 
Coaftof-^^<?*,  oudaAbexim,  whofe  chief  places  are  5«<«^»(fw,  Ttole- 
mais  Ferarum  of  old.  Ercoco,  or  Arguico,  the  Auliton  Tl'in.  Adults  Stefh. 
Aduk  Ptol.  and  Zeita,  or  Auca-Gurece,  the  Avalites  of  the  Antients  .• 
The  two  firft  places  belonging  to  the  Turk,  the  laft  to  the  King  of 
Adel. 

T\\t-  Air  is  various,  in  low  and  open  places  the  heat  of  the  Sun  is 
intolerable,  as  the  Coaft  of  the  Red-Sea y  and  the  Iflands,  efpecially 
at  Sua«[uen,  it  excoriates  the  Skin,  melts  hard  Indian  Wax  in  a  Cabinet, 
and  feares  your  Shoes  like  a  red  hot  Iron  :  But  the  higher  you  afcend 
the  Mountains  from  the  Coaft  of  the  Red-Sea  y  the  more  temperate 
you  Ihall  feel  the  Air,  which  is  generally  healthy,  fv? 

Their  Thunders  are  dreadful,  ratling  continually,  wilL  Lightning 
incelTantly  flafhing :  Their  Rains  are  violent ,  pouring  from  the 
Clouds,  not  by  drops,  but  by  Streams  ,♦  and  the  Earth  alfo  o^ens  her 
Mouth,  and  vomites  up  Water,  which  renders  their  Winters  for  three 
Months  very  unpleafant,  tedious  and  troublefome.  Tjiey  have  a 
Whirlwind,  which  they  QsMSendoy  which fignifies  a  Snake^  io  furious, 
that  it  throws  down  all  before  it,  Houfes,  Oiiks,  &c,  i 

'  There 


'•^^ 


/ 


,/'•. 


fix  Of  ST  H 10?  J  A. 

There  are  properly  but  three  Seafons  among  the  Ah'ijfmesy  viz.  the 
Sprmg,  or  feafon  of  Flowers,  which  begins  upon  the  xph.  ofSeptem- 
if€r,  called  Matz^au  :  Then  the  Summer  which  may  be  divided  into 
two  parts,  the  Seafon  of  Harveft  or  Autumn,  which  begins  upon  the 
z^th.  oi December,  called  Tzadai :  The  Summer  Seafon  coWtA  yiagas, 
which,  my  Author  faith,  begins  upon  the  2  ph.  of  jHtte,  but  I  fuppolc 
rather  the  iph.  oi' March j  for  it  muft  follow  their  Harveft  and  Au- 
tumn. And  then  their  Cramp  or  Winter  begins  on  the  25^/6  of 
June  :  So  that  our  Summer  is  their  Winter.  But  upon  the  Coaft  of 
the  Red-Sta,  there  their  Winter  is  in  November,  December  an^  January, 
as  in  Europe,  which  fufficiently  convinceth  what  fome  Geographers 
affirm,  that  the  Periaci,  or  thole  that  dwell  under  the  fame  Meridian, 
have  the  fame  Winter  and  Summer. 

Abajfta  abounds  in  Gold,  which  is  found  in  the  lliallows  of  Rivers 
in  Damota,  and  Enarea,  upon  the  fuperficies  of  the  Earth,  and  is  the 
chiefeft  Tribute  which  they  pay. 

In  the  confines  ofTi^ra  and  Angote  are  natural  Mountains  of  Salt; 
in  the  Mountains  it  is  u>k,  but  in  the  Air  it  hardens,  from  whence  it 
is  conveyed  in  Caravans  or  Cafilas,  and  vended  through  all  the  neigh- 
bouring Countries,and  feives  theminftead  ofMony,  to  buy  all  things 
not  much  defired :  Gems  and  Jewels  are  in  Ethiopia,  but  bjack  Lf  ' 
they  more  efteem  of  to  black  their  £ye-brows :  And  for  Iron  1 
find  it  in  great  plenty  upon  the  fuperficies  of  the  Earth. 

All  Ethiopia  is  very  Mountainous,  between  which  are  immcnfe 
Gulphs^  and  dreadful  profundities  among  the  Mountains :  Lamal- 
mona  Hits  up  her  head  more  loftily  than  the  reft,  and  is  moft  dange- 
rous :  But  the  moft  famous  are  Amba.GeJhen,  and  Ambacel  in  the 
Kingdom  of  y^wA</rrf,  where  the  £f^o/>;V  Princes  ufed  to  be  caged 
up.  And  in  our  old  Maps  and  Globes,  called  Amara,  and  placed 
under  the  Equinodial.  In  thefe  Mountains  the  Inhabitants  breathe  a 
ferene  Air;  and  they  are  as  fo  many  Caftles,  not  only  for  Habitation, 
affording  pleafant  Springs,  but  for  defence  againft  their  Enemies,  the 
Adelenfes  and  Gallans,  for  lome  of  thefe  Mountains  are  fo  craggy  and 
precipitous,  that  there  is  no  way  to  get  up  without  Ladders,  and 
Cattle  are  drawn  up  with  Cords.  TeUez,ius  writes,  that  the  Alps  and 
Tyreneans  compared  with  the  Abejjin  Mountains  are  but  low  Hills : 
And  the  Portugal  Mounts  are  but  triHes  to  them.  The  tops  of  fome 
of  them  are  veiy  fpatious,  with  Fields,  Woods,  f  iili-ponds  andrun- 
ing  Streams,  as  Amba,  Dorbo,  &lc.  The  temperature  of  the  Air  makes 
the  Country  healthful,  and  maintains  a  vivacity  in  the  Inhabitants, 
ibmetimes  to  anhundredyears ;  Only  in  Tjgra  about  the  beginning  of 

■■U'':  the 


0 


'K 


,i?' 


m^-- 


^m-'ii^;' 


'     '     •  Of  ETHJOTIA.  >ii 

the  tthloftck  Spring,  which  is  in  the  Month  ofSeptemhr  and  October ^ 
Feavers  are  rile. 

He  rationally  conceives,  that  the  Rivers  flowing  from  the  Moun- 
tains in  this  Country,  take  their  rife  from  the  Rainwater,  inlinuating 
itfelf  into  the  Pores  of  the  Earth,  and  Clefts  of  Rocks,and  fo  pafling 
into  fubterraneous  Vaults  ,•  obferving,  that  in  thofe  Countries  where 
there  is  little  or  no  Rain,  there  are  few  or  no  Fountains  ^  and  that 
where  there  is  much,  they  abound. 

He  tells  us  that  Niks,  which  for  the  length  of  its  Courfe,  the  a- 
bundance  of  its  Waters,  its  fweetnefs,  wholfomenefs  and  fertility,  ex- 
ceeds all  the  Rivers  in  the  World ,  owes  its  rife  to  the  Kingdom  of 
Gojam  in  HaheJJinia,  found  out  by  the  Travels  of  the  Pcrtugah ,  and 
by  the  fedility  of  the  Fathers,  which  was  fo  long  and  unfuccefsfully 
fought  for  by  the  Antients,  and  Kircher  hath  defcribed  them  from  the 
relation  of  Pef^r  Tays,  who  faw  them  himfelf,  which  differs  not  much 
from  what  Gregory  an  Ethiopian  hath  writen  of  it,  viz.  I'hat  it  hath 
five  Heads,  that  it  incircles  Gojam,  and  paffing  by  feveral  Kingdoms  of 
HabaJJia,  reviews  the  Kingdom  of  Senna,  and  travels  to  the  Country 
oCDengala  :  Thence  it  turns  to  the  right  hand,  and  comes  to  a  Coun- 
try, called  Abaim,  before  it  arrives  in  Nubia,  where  by  reafon  of  Clifts 
and  Rocks,  its  Stream  is  divided  into  two  Branches ,   one  running 
South  to  drench  the  thirfty  Fields  of  Egypt,  the  other  Weft  to  quench 
the  drowth  of  thofe  Sands  in  the  Country  oith.Q  Negrites,    It  is  cal- 
led in  the  Scripture  Shihhor  from  its  darknefs,  becaule  it  carries  Wa- 
ters troubled  with  Mud  from  the  Fields  of  Ethiopia  ,•  and  by  the 
Greeks,  for  the  fame  reafon  liiheti  by  the  Habpjfmcs,  Abawi,  in  their 
Vulgar  Language  ,•  but  in  the  Ethiopick  Geion,  or  Gnvon,  from  a  mi- 
ftake  of  the  Greek  Geon,SLndHebre'u^  Gehon.     He  fays,  the  antient  Geo- 
graphers thought  it  to  take  its  rife  beyond  the  EquinoAial,  in  I  know 
not  what  Mountains  of  the  Moon  ;  thinking  it  might   receive   its  in- 
creafe  by  the  Winter  Rains  of  thofe  Regions :  For  they  could  not 
perfwade  themfelves,  that  the  Sun  being  in  the  Northern  Signs,  there 
could  be  Winter  and  Rain  enough  fo  near,  to  raife  fo  great  a  River 
from  them.     After  it  has  paft  about  forty  Leagues  from  its  fource, 
which  is  in  an  elevated,  but  trembling  and  moorifh  Ground,  it  en- 
ters a  vaft  Lake  in  Dembea,  and  paiTes  it  without  mixing  its  Waters, 
as  the  Rhone  does  the  Lake  Lemanus,  and  the  Rhine ,    AcromMs.     The 
caufe  of  the  Inundation  of  Nile  is  from  the  great  Rains  f:il  ling  in  ma- 
ny Regions  of  the  Torrid-Zone,  upon  the  Suns  retiring  back  into  the 
Winter  Signs.     It  has  been  the  opinion  of  lbme,that  it  has  been  for- 
merly, in  the  power  of  the  King  of  the  Habeffines  to  divert  Nilus  from 
its  courfe  in  Egjpt,  and  to  drive  it  into  the  Red-Sea  ,-  there  being 
A  V    .  •         \,    .      ,     ■  .    .       V  V  V  .     '    ,  .at 


?, 


/ 


'•v. 
1 


- 1-  .i 


.if? 


.1 ' 


■*-; 


>i4       (  Of  E  T  H  r  0  P  I  A. 

at  a  certain  place  an  abfolute  fall  of  Land  to  convey  it  thither^  t  nly 
one  Mountain  being  cut  through  ,•  though  now  that  place  where  it 
could  be  divertedj  is  poffeft  by  others.  -  <  V 

He  i^^xCntions  another  River  in  Ethiopia  called  Hav/as,  which  paf- 
fing  a  great  way  from  its  Source,  finks  at  length  into  the  Sands,  never 
going  to  the  Sea,  as  other  Rivers  do  :  Alfo,  chat  the  Rivers  Melegi 
and  Tacaze  abounding  with  Crocodiles,  fall  into  the  Nil'us.  That 
the  River  Manh  rifing  in  Tygra,  encompaflJng  great  part  of  the  King- 
dom, hides  it  felf  under  ground,  riid  then  rifes,  and,  after  a  conti- 
nued courfe,  it  difperfes  and  leaves  its  divided  Waters  in  the  Sands 
ofDequin, 

The  Soyi  isfo  fertile,  that  infome  places  they  fow,  and  have  Crops 
twice,  and  in  others  thrice,  a  Summer.  They  make  Bread  of  a  fort 
of  Corn  called  Tef,  thought  to  be  the  fame  with  our  Rye,  though 
they  have  Wheat,  Barley,  &c.  They  niike  no  Winter  provifions  for 
Cattle,  the  Soyl  yielding  always  Herbage  enough,  nor  lay  up  any 
ftores  ror  other  years  for  themfelves,  confiding  in  the  fertility  of  their 
Soyl,  for  their  Fields  are  always  pleafam,  and  always  finiling  with  a 
Flowry  Grace. 

He  (ays,  thsy  have  an  HQrhcaWeAJJfazoej  which  by  its  touch,  or 
even  fliadow,  lo  ftupifies  all  Serpents  and  venemous  Creatures,  thac 
you  may  handle  them  without  offence  ;  and  that  he  who  has  eaten 
the  Root  of  it,  is  fecured  from  them  foi  many  years.  And  he  is  of 
opinion,  that  the  PJjlii  ofjfrica  had  the  Virtue  of  curing  the  biiings 
of  Serpents  by  the  touch,  through  the  ufe  of  this  Herb.  The  Jmail- 
•>nagca  that  cures  broken  and  Disjoynted  Bones  ,*  as  the  Offifraga  of 
Norway  fhaps  the  Bones  of  Cattle  that  tread  upon  it, 

Tht'.y  have  a  Tree  called  E»fef/,refembHng  the  Jw^/Vrw  ligti  ee,Vv/hich 
IS  four  yards  thipk  if  fhrowded,  itfprouts  forth  with  a  world  of  young 
Shoots,  which  are  all  good  Food  j  fo  that  this  Tree  need  not  bear 
any  Fruit,  being  indeed  all  Fruit,  if  lliced  and  boiled  it  alfwages  thirft. 

He  tells  us,  that  by  reafon  of  the  plenty  of  Herbage,  and  the  heat 
of  the  Climate,  ^adrufedes  and  hfet}s  are  much  bigger  in  Eth'tofia 
and  India  than  with  us.  They  have  ftrong  and  excellent  Horfes,  but 
never  fhoe  them  nor  ufe  them,  but  in  War,  employing  Mules  in  ail 
their  drudgery. 

They  have  the  known  fort  of  Sheep  with  great  Tails,  of  which 
fome  weigh  above  Ibny  pounds. 

They  have  multitudes  ofElefhants,  but  never  ufe  them.  To  fay  they 
have  Lyons  ^  "^yg^^^  y  T anthers  ,  Wolves  ,  Hjanas  ,  Camels  ,  V  ant  her  s^ 
higher  than  Elephant t,  &c.  it's  no  more  than  other  Countries  yield  : 
But  he  fays,  they  have  a  Beaft  called  Zecora  or  Zemha^  exceeding  in 

beauty 


nfrnm^fm 


Of  B  T  HIO  P  I  A,  5ir 

beauty  all  Quadrupeds  ,*  it  is  about  the  bignefe  of  a  Klule,  and  natu- 
rally gende  ,•  his  Body  is  all  encompaft  with  interchangeable  Circles 
of  Black,  and  of  a  lively  Afti  colour  j  and  this  with  fuch  an  Elegan- 
cy and  Order,  that  they  furpafs  the  Art  of  the  beft  P^ilnter  to  imi- 
tate them;  His  Eai-s  only  are  a  little  difproportion^ate^being  too  long: 
One  of  them  was  fold  by  the  Bafha  ofSuaquena  for  two  thoufand  Ve- 
netian piQCCs,  for  a  prelenttothe  Great  Mogul.    They  have  thou- 
fands  of  Apes,  feeding  chiefly  on  Worms,  which  they  find  under 
Stones.    Hence  in  the  Mountains  where  they  ufe,  you  will  fcarce  find 
a  Stone  unturned,  be  it  never  fo  great  ,•  for  if  two  or  three  cannot 
move  it,  they  call  more  aid.    They  eat  alfo  Ants,  and  fometimes 
devour  whole  Fields  of  Fruit.    They  have  alfo  an  inocent  and  very 
pleafant  Animal  being  a  fort  of  little  Monkey,  of  which  there  is.  an  , 
elegajnt  Ethofick  Rime  j  in  Latin  thus  :  Hominem  mn  ladoy  frumentum 
mn  eioy  oderunt  me  frufira.     It  is  of  a  various  colour,  full  of  greyifli 
fpccks.    They  are  extream  tender,  fo  that  unlefs  they  are  clcathed 
and  kept  warm,  they  cannot  be  brought  to  us.    He  tells  alfo  of 
fome  that  have  leen  the  fam'd  Unicorn  there,  an  Animal  of  the  form 
andfizeofa  midling  Horfe,  of  a  bright  Bay  colour,  with  a  Black 
Mane  and  Tail,  and  with  a  fair  Horn  in  his  Forehead,  five  Palms  in 
length,  being  fomewhat  whitifti. 

For  Water  and  Amphibious  Animals,  he  fays  they  have  tlie  Hiffo- 
fotamu.,  thought  to  be  the  Behemoth  in  Job,  and  the  Sea  Horfe  of  the 
Greeks  J  the  Crocodile,  the  Water-Lizai'd,  and  amongft  others  the 
Torpeilo,  with  which  they  cure  Tertian  and  ^artan  Agues  :  The 
way  is  thus;j  They  bind  the  Patient  faft  on  a  Table,  and  then  apply 
the  Torpedo  to  his  Joints,  which  caufes  a  very  cruel  torture  in  all  h*,s 
Limbs>  J  but  the  fit  of  the  Ague  returns  not  after.  The  Authour  con- 
ceives it  may  alfo  do  good  in  the  Gout  ^  and  the  Ethiopians  firmly 
believe,  it  will  drive  the  Devil  himfelf  from  a  Man. 

For  Birds,  they  'ave  Oftrich,  or  Struthiocamel,  and  CafTowars, 
fwifter  than  Horfes :  The  fle(h  of  this  either  frefh  or  dried,  is  ac- 
counted a  Medicin  againft  the  Poyfon  of  Serpents^  this  Bird  devours 
them  without  prejudice  to  himfelf.  The  Jird  Pipe  that  difcovcis 
prey  to  the  Hunters  of  Wild  Beails,  co  -dueling  them  where  they 
be  hid. 

He  tells  us  of  Dra£;ons,  that  will  fwallow  whole  Childreri,  little 
Pigs,  Lambs  and  Kids  ,•  and  that  they  are  fcaly,  and  lock  like  the 
Bark  of  an  old  Ticc,  but  notvenemous.  That  there  are  Water- 
Snakes  and  Adders,  which  upon  drying  of  the  Mooriiri  t;rounds  iji 
Summer,  are  very  hurtful,  being  inragcd  v\/irh  the  drcuji'nt  njici  heat, 
and  that  they  kill  oy  thdr  Breath,  unlefs  a  quick  rtinv\iv  be  ufecl, 
'  ■  '■     •  V  V  V  A       .'  non-v 


ic 


v.: 


■  ^ 


l». 


^i6    X  -r  Of  E  T  H  I  0  T  I  A,  r^. 

none  being  better  than  to  drink  human  Exa-emefits  in  Water,  which 
l^emedy  the  Panther  ufeth.   «  >*  ^'  >:':;ii.-:- 

That  the  Habejfmes  are  fometimes  ftrangely  infeded  with  Locufts, 
devouring  their  Fruits  and  Herbs  ,*  they  appear  in  prodigious  mul- 
titudes, like  a  thick  Cloud,  that  obfcures  the  Sun,  nor  Plants,  nor 
Shrubs,  nor  Trees  remain  untouched  :  And  wherefoe/er  they  feed 
their  leavings  feem,  as  it  were,  parched  with  tae  Fire,  and  a  general 
Mortality  enfues :  And  that  thofe  People  fometimes  feed  on  the  Lo- 
cuft,  being  a  pleafant  and  wholefome  meat,  and  thereby  fatisfie  their 
hunger  and  revenge.  That  there  are  great  ftore  of  Bees,  amongfto- 
thers  a  very  fmall  black  Bee  without  a  Sting,  making  their  Combs  un- 
der ground,  which  yield  an  extr^m  white  Wax,  and  moft  delicious 
Honey,  which  they  ufe  in  their  Medicines^ 

He  fays  the  HabeJJines  are  generally  of  a  good  Difpofition,  ftroi^g, 
vivacious  and  Long-livers,  Ingenious,  and  very  defirous  of  Learn- 
ing, eafily  remit  Injuries,  and  commonly  determine  their  Quar- 
rels and  Differences  at  Cuffs,  or  by  any  Arbitrator  or  two.  From 
this  their  towardly  Difpofition,  he  thinks  their  King  has  been 
called  Trefierjan^  by  fome,  the  words  Vrefier  Chan  >  in  the  Verfian 
Language,  fignilying  a  Vrinct  of  excellent  Servants ;  and  the  Servants 
of  this  Nation  are  more  prized,  and  fell  for  more  than  others-  In 
the  fliape  of  their  Body  ,pjid  comelinefs  of  their  Countenance,they  far 
excel  other  Ethiopians ,  having  no  fwoln  Lips,  nor  broad  bottle  Nofes. 
Their  Colour  for  the  mofl  part  is  Black  or  Brown,  though  they  are 
not  born  Black,  but  very  Red,  foon  after  turning  Black.  The  Wo- 
men are  itrong,  fruitful  and  eafily  bring  forth  Children,  as  gene- 
rally all  Women  in  the  hotter  Countries.  They  have  no  Midwives, 
but  fall  on  their  Knees  at  the  time  of  Childbirth,  and  disburden  them- 
felves.  Several  other  Nrtiions  inhabit  this  Kingdom,  viz.  the  Jews 
who  formei'ly  dwelt  in  Demhea,  JVegara  and  Samen^  till  driven  thence 
by  Safneusy  and  now  difperfed  into  feveral  parts.  Mahuwetans  are 
alfo  intermingled  up  and  down  the  Country,  and  drive  the  greateft 
Trade  with  the  Turks  and  Arabians.  There  are  alfo  Wild  Men  living 
in  the  Defarts,  without  God,  King  or  Law  :  The  moft  lordid  and 
vilefV  of  Human  Creatures. 

The  Nobleft  and  Antienteft  Tongue  of  the  Hale  fines  is  that  Ethio- 
pickj  whereof  our  Authour  fet  forth  a  Lexicon  and  Grammar  in  Lon- 
don.  Anno  1661.  This  was  formerly  the  Tongue  generally  fpoken 
by  thcTigrenfesy  when  the  King  of  HabeJJina  lived  in  Tigra^  but  new 
it  is  only  ufed  in  Writing,  and  has  its  Dignity  continued  in  the  pub- 
lick  Sacred  Worfhip,  ana  in  the  Kings  Charters,  &c.  It  is  very  much 
alTy'd  to  the  Arabick,  a|id  ferves  often  to  illuftrate  the  Oriental 

Tongues, 


Of  nr  H  fo  ?  I  A. 


5^7 


Tongues,  efpedally  the  Hebrew  :JFor  inftance,  he  fays  the  Latins  have 
called  that  moft  elegant  and  delightful  Work  of  Gcd^  which  confpre- 
hends  all  things  in  its  felf,  Mundus,  in  imitation  of  the  Greeks,  who 
called  it  Koa-^®-  the  Appellation  not  being  invented  >->y  themfelves, 
but  by  the  fhoemcians,  with  whom  the  World,  and  efpecially  the  Earth  - 
was  called  nO"!S  Jdamah,  Formofa  :  He  fays,  he  knows  it  is  com-- 
nonly  derived  from  Rednefs,  becaufe  the  Hebrew  Root  uD"li<  Adatn 
fignifies  to  be  Red  ,•  whereas  'tis  certain,  that  our  firft  Father  took 
his  mmQ  Adam,  not  from  the  Rednefs  of  the  Earth,  but  from  his 
perfed  and  abfolute  Beauty,  as  being  the  moft  confummate  Work  of 
the  Creator.  And  that  figniiication  which  has  been  unknown  in  other 
Oriental  Lexicon-writers,  is  plain  to  the  Ethiopans,  with  whom  Ada- 
ma  fignifies  delightful,  elegant  and  lovely  ,•  nor  do  the  Ethiopians  take 
■  Adams  Name  otherwife  than  from  Formofus.    The  prefent  King  of 
Habejfmia  (the  feat  of  Government  being  removed  m  the  midft  of 
the  Empire  )  ufes  the  Amarick  Dialed,  which  all  the  Nobility  and 
Learned  fpeak,  being  as  general  in  HabeJJinia,  as  the  Latin  in  Europe, 
They  fay,  that  )n  the  Coaft  of  Africa,  every  fifteen  or  twenty  Ger- 
man  Miles  producs^.  a  diverfity  of  Language. 

He  fays,  that  tho'  the  Kings  of  HabeJJinia  cannot  well  make  out 
their  Decent  from  the  times  ot  Solomon,  (as  fome  think  they  may  ) 
but  begin  it  only  from  the  two  Brothers  Atzbeha,  and  Abreha,  under 
whom  the  Chriftian  Religion  began  amongft  the  Axumites,  being  a- 
bout  three  hundred  years  after  Chrift,*  from  whofe  time  the  Hiftory  of 
the  Habcjjines  is  more  clear,  and  their  Kings  names  more  certain  : 
They  may  neverthelefs  contend  with  c  inoft  famous  Kings  of  the 
World  for  Antiquity  of  Progeny. 

Their  King  L<j'//i^/<?fent  for  Workmen  from  f^gyft^  and  fet  t)  em 
on  a  ftrange  and  unheard  of  Enterprife,  'uiz,.  to  work  Temples  out- 
of  folid  Rocks,  by  hewing  them  in  a  regular  forn.  ,•  leavin-  where 
need  required.  Pillars,  Arches  and  Walls.  Fr.  Alvarez,  ^.^vms  upon 
Oath  to  have  fee-n  ten  Temples  built  there  after  this  wonderful  man- 
ner, and  brought  Draughts  of  them  with  him. 

No  private  Ethiopian,  he  fays,  only  a  very  few  of  the  Nobles  ex- 
cepted, has  any  thing  of  his  own  :  All  Lands  and  Poffeflions  are  the 
King^^and  are  enjoy "d  precarioufly  by  the  Subjed  ,•  fo  th;r  all  take 
it  patiently, if  the  King  gives  or  takes  away  all,whenfoevci  ur  where- 
foever,  to  and  fron^  whorn  he  pleafes. 

The  King's  Revenues  are  not  in  ready  Money,  bat  conilft  of  the 
natural  Produds  of  Countries,  by  an  even  way  of  Tribute  :  Sdm« 
pay  Gold  ,  others  Horfes ,  Cows ,  Oxen  ,  Sheep  ,  Bread-corn, 
03^-hides,  Garments,  &c. 


Si8 


Of  Et  H I  0  P  I  A. 


1, 


Enarea  pays  fifteen  hundred  ounces  of  Gold/ormerly  much  more"* 
to  Sufneus  it  paid  one  thoufand ,  and  fometimes  hut  five  hundred' 
when  they  are  at  Wars  with  the  Gallans,  Goiam  pays  yearly  eleven 
hundred  Ounces,  and  fome  Garments  to  the'value  of  three  thoufand 
German  Dollars,  together  with  two  hundred  Fuftian  Tapeftries. 

Qiit  of  Ij'^a  twenty  five  thoufand  Patacks  ^  out  of  Dembea  five 
thoufand,  and  as  much  out  of  other  Kingdoms.  Gojam  and  Bagendra 
find  him  Corn  and  Fleili.  But  his  chief  Tribute  istrom  theGrafiers, 
who  are  bound  to  pay  him  every  tliree  ye?rs  the  tenth  Ox  or  Cow. 
Bsfides  every  Chriftian  Weaver  pays  him  a  Fuftian  Garment :  Every 
Mahumetan  a  Drim  or  Patach ,  which  amounts  to  one  thoufand  Im- 
perials yearly.  The  Toll  o^ Lamalmona  Mountain^  over  which  all 
the  Merchandife  muft  pafs  from  the  Red-Sea  into  Ethiopia,  the  King 
referves  for  himfelf. 

The  King  and  chief  Nobility  think  it  an  Office  beneath  them  to 
lift  their  Hands  to  their  Mouths  to  feed  themfelves :  and  keep  Boys 
to  cut  their  Meat,  and  put  it  into  their  Mouths  ,•  which  they  do  in 
great  gobbets,  as  thofe  that  cram  Poultry. 

jixuma  or  Afcum,  erroneoufly  Chaxumo,  was  formerly  the  Metro- 
polis of  Ha^£inia,  from  whence  rhey  were  called  Axumites  ^  And 
chen  adorned  with  beautiful  StruAureSja  fair  Palace  and  a  Cathedral 

Eroudly  vaunting  her  Obelisks,  ^ulptures,  and  fumptuous  Edifices, 
ut  now  demolimed  by  the  Wars,  or  defaced  with  Age,  and  the  City 
now  totally  ruined,  feated  it  was  in  the  i4d  50m  North  Latitude  ,• 
and  diftant  from  the  North  Sea  forty  five  Portugal  Leagues,  or  fix  or 
leven  tu'elbme  days  Journeys,  by  reafon  of  the  Mountains. 

Befides  Axuwa,  there  are  no  Cities  in  Hahffinia,  and  but  few  Towns,*^ 
Doharowa  in  Ijgra  is  the  Sc^t  of  the  Vice-Roys.  Fremonaw^is  the 
firft  Refidence  of  the  Fathers,  enlarged  by  the  Tortugah.  Gubay  a 
Town  in  Dembea,  where  the  Queen  refides.  Nanimi  in  Gojam  was 
long  inhabited  by  the  Tortugah.  The  Celebrated  Mountains  ofAm- 
J&wm  are  their  only  Citadels,  where  tlie  Kings  Children  were  for- 
iTjerly  commited  to  cuftody. 

The  Kings,  he  fays,  always  live  in  Tents,  and  feldom  long  in  a 
place.  In  the  year  1 607,  the  Camp  pitched  in  Coga.  In  16 12,  it  was  • 
at  Dufjcaza,  and  after  at  Guendra,  which  Bernier  called  the  Metropolis 
ofEtbio^ia.  Their  Tent  is  of  a  white  colour,  and  very  large.  Hand- 
ing in  the  midft  of  the  Camp,  a  large  fpace  being  left  round  it  for  the 
conveniency  of  Perfons  to  approach  it.  Next  this,  two  Temples  arc 
plac'd,  and  Tents  for  the  Queen  and  her  Atendaii.s.  Next  thefe  the 
Nobles,  the  Kings  Friends,  Servants,  and  other  T  ouiitries  pitch  their 
Tents,  then  all  the  common  Soldiery,  with  the  necelTary  Attendants 

of 


Of  ET  H  I  G  T  lA. 


S19 


©f  the  Camp,  and  thofe  that  come  to  Negotiate.    Wlien  they  re- 
movCj  as  they  often  do,   and  come  to  fit  down  anew,  in  a  few  hours    . 
fpace  all  things  are  feen  Plac'd  in  the  lame  order  they  were  before,-  for  ;  ^ 
every  man  knows  his  place,  and  the  meafure  of  his  ground,  the  order 
of  the  Camp  being  always  the  fame.     But  Peter  Pays  built  the  King  * 
a  T  alace  after  the  European  manner  in  Gorgora^  by  the  Tzaneo  Lake, 
not  much  inferior  to  the  Country  Palaces  of  our  European  Princes.  *~ 

Murtherers  are  given  to  rhe  neareft  Relations  of  the  Perfon  mur- 
thered  ,•  it  being  in  their  Power  to  pardon  them,  or  to  take  a  fum  of, 
Money,  or  to  fell  them  as  Slaves,  or  to  put  them  to  what  Death  they  > 
pfeafe.    If  the  Murther  be  not  found,  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Place,  -",, 
and  all  the  Neighbou   .ood  are  find.  ■  . 

In  the  third  Book,  ivhich  treats  of  the  Ecclefiaftical  Affairs  of  the 
Habejfines,  our  Autliour  tells  us.  That  fome  hold,  they  have  had  the  • 
knowledg  of  God  ever  fince  the  time  oiSokmcn. 

That  they  ufe  Circumcifion,  though  not  on  any  Religious  AccoiTnt, 
in  Obedience  to  the  Law  of  Mofes,  but  only  as  a  Cuftom  of  their 
Country,  ("being  done  by  a  Woman  privately)  the  Jews  flit  the  Skin 
with  their  Nails,  till  the  Preputium  falls  down  and  leaves  the  Nut 
bare.    The  HabeJJines  only  round  the  Skin  with  a  Knife.  - 

That  they  do  not  Circumcife  Women,(as  fome  idly  affjjfm)  though 
it's  a  Cuftom  not  only  with  Hahejfmes  ,  but  likewife  with  other 
People  oi^  Africa,  as  t\\Q  Egyptians  and  Arabians,  to  cut  from  Girls 
fomething  which  they  think  to  be  an  undecency  and  Superfluity  of 
Nature.     '    •      ^  v    ^ 

That  they  abftain  from  Swines  Fle/h,  Blood  and  fuffocated  things,; 
not  as  commanded  by  Mofes,  but  by  Apoftolick  Conftitution,  this 
having  been  always  obferved  in  the  Oriental  Church  ,  and  in  the 
Weftern  Church  for  many  Ages ,  and  having  been  ratified  by  fome 
Councils :  And  they  Condemn  us  for  leaving  the  practice.  Nor  do 
they  allow  the  Javs  Sabbath,  outofrefped  to  Judaifm,  butbecaufeit 
was  the  antient  Cuftom  of  the  Primitive  Church,  for  which  they  have 
fome  written  Antient  Conftitutions.  Yet  they  Prefer  the  Lords  Day 
before  the  Jewifli  Sabbath  ,-  for  upon  that  Day  (fay  they)  our  Lord 
Jefus  Chrift  rofe :  And  upon  that  Day  the  holy  Ghoft  decended  upon 
the  Apoftles  in  the  Oratory  ofSicn  :  And  upon  that-Day  Chrift  Ihall 
come  a^ain  to  reward  the  Juft  and  punifh  the  Evil. 

He  fays.  If  an  Habejfine  marries  his  Brothers  Wife,  or  commits 
Polygamy,  the  Civil  Magiftrate  takes  no  notice  of  it :  For  they  are  of 
opinion,  that  whatfoever  does  not  offend  the  Commonwealth,  nor  the 
fecurity  of  Private  Perfons,  ought  not  to  be  chaftifed  with  Secular 
Punifliments ;  Never uKlcfs  the  Churgh  islevere  in  the  cafe,  and  will 

not 


•'--/ 


£ 


.^ 


■4 


^lo  Of  ET  H  I  0  T  I  A. 

not  permit  Perfofis  fo  married  to  leceive  the  Sacrnment.  He  alfo  tells 
usj  That  HabeJJinia  is  full  of  Monks,  that  theit  Inftitutions  and  Ha- 
bift  are  different  from  the  Greek  and  Latin.  He  fpeaks  of  the  por- 
tentous Miracles  of  their  Saints  ^  their  Aufterities  and  Spontaneous 
Torments.  .v>c':  . 

It's  a  common  fame  in  Euroj>e,  that  the  Converfion  of  the  Habef- 
fines  to  the  Cliriftian  Faith  was  eifeded  by  the  Eunuch  of  Queen 
Candace :  But  our  Authour  fays  this  is  certain^  that  in  the  time  of 
St.  AthancfiusVsitnAYch  o( Alexandria ^  in  the  Reign  ofConfiantine  the 
Great y  about  the  Year  of  Clirift  330,  or  not  long  after  it^  the  Con-, 
verfion  of  Efy&/o/»/^  happend  after  this  manner  -.Jderopius  a  Tyrian  Mer- 
chant going  into  India,  came  to  the  Coaft  oi  Ethiopia  in  the  Red-Sea  ,• 
dying  there,  he  left  two  Sons,  Frumcntius  and  ty^defius,  v/ho  being 
taken  and  carried  to  the  King,  were  kindly  received  by  him,*  and  he 
finding  them  ingenious,  employ'd  them  in  keeping  his  Books  of  Ac- 
counts. During  the  time  of  their  Employ,  they  did  all  good  Offices 
to  Chriftian  Merchants  that  came  to  thole  Parts,  and  fliewed  fp  fair 
a  (pecimen  of  their  Virtjue  and  Integrity,  that  they  wrought  in  the 
Habejfmes  a  great  Efteem  for  the  Chriftian  Religion.  Which  ground 
being  laid,  Frumentius  went  to  St.  Athanafms,  who  confidering  the 
excellency  of  his  Parts,  and  the  conftancy  of  his  Faith,  created  him 
the  firft  Bilhop  of  Ethiopia ;  and  returning  thither,  he  Baptized  the 
Inhabitants,  Created  Deacons,  built  Churches,  and  fo  firft  planted 
the  Chriftian  Religion. 

The  Habejjines  received  the  Scripture  with  Chriftian  Religion^  and 
it  is  tranflated  into  the  Ethiopivk  Language  from  the  Verfion  of  the 
Scptuagint  ,•  and  that  according  to  the  Copy  ufed  in  the  Church  of  Alex- 
xandria  :  They  have  the  New  7^/?^we»f  tranflated  from  the  authen  tick 
Greek  Text,  They  enjoy  the  Holy  Scriptures  intire,  and  reckon  as 
many  Books  as  we  do,  tho'  they  divide  them  after  another  manner. 
They  acknowledg  the  Holy  Scirpture  to  be  the  fole  and  only  Rule  of 
what  they  are  to  believe  and  do.  They  ufe  the  Nicene  Creed  ;  they 
admit  of  the  ancient  Greek  Councils ;  they  acknowledge  the  Trinity, 
and  the  fufficient  Merits  of  Chrift  ,•  one  Perfon  in  Chrift,  his  Divi- 
nity and  Humanity  ^  they  ufe  Baptifin,  and  the  holy  communion ; 
they  Adminifter  it  to  the  Laity  and  Clergy,  as  it  is  the  Cuftomof  all 
the  Eaftern  Churches,  and  acknowledge  the  Real  Prefence,  but  net 
Tianfubftantiation,  pfay  for  the  Dead,  deny  a  Purgatory. 

He  gives  an  Account  of  their  Errors  ,•  as  that  they  hold  the  Holy 
Ghoft  to  proceed  from  the  Father  only,  and  not  from  the  Son.  That 
they  hold  the  Soul  6f  Man  not  to  be  created,  becaufe,  they  fay 
God  perfe<5fed  all  his  Work  on  the  Sixth  Day  they  think  it  there- 

.  u      >'  .         .      ,  fore 


munion 


-  Of  Et  mo  T  J  A.  ?2.t 

fore  drawn  from  the  Matter,  but  Immortal,  fhey  holdlikewife  fomc 
other  Errors. 

On  their  Eleventh  oi  January,  which  to  us  is  the  Sixth  of  the  fame 
Month,  and  the  Feaft  ot  the  Epiphany ,  the  HabeJJinesy  in  memory  of 
the  Baptifm  of  our  Saviour  (which  they  hold,  with  many  of  the  An- 
tients,  to  have  been  for  a  certain  on  that  day)  keep  a  joyful  Feftival, 
all  of  them  juft  at  break  of  day^befbre  therifmg  of  the  Sun_,going  into 
Ponds  and  Rivers,  and  there  dipping  and  fporting  themfelves  j  This 
Cuftom  having  given  occafion  tofome  to  affirm.  That  they  were 
baptized  anew  every  year. 

They  begin  the  year  on  the  Calends  o? September ,  with  the  Gr^tw-rx, 
Armenians,  RuJJians,  and  other  Oriental  Chriftians  ,•  for  they  believe, 
as  many  of  the  Antients  have  afferted,  that  the  World  was  made  in 
the  Autumnal  Equinox. 

If  any  difcord  arife  betwixt  Man  and  Wife,  fa  that  they  cannot  be 
reconciled,  the  Kings  Judges  diffolve  the  Marriage,  and  they  are  free 
to  marry  again. 

As  we  have  mentioned  before  the  King  oi  Habejjinias  unparallell'd 
abfolutenefs  in  Temporals,  fo  our  Author  fays.  That  the  chief  Eccle- 
fiaftical  Power  is  in  him  ,•  fo  that  all  things  of  Jurifdidion,  only  feme 
fmall  Caufes  excepted,  are  Determined  by  the  Kings  Judges.  Nor  do 
the  Clergy  enjoy  any  Ecclefiaftical  Immunity  or  Priviledge  in  Courts 
of  Judicatute,  but  undergo  corredion  from  Secular  Judges  as  mere 
I.ayicks.  Our.  Author  tells  us.  That  the  Habejjincs  have  few  Books 
but  thofe  of  Sacred  Things.  That  they  have  no  written  Laws,  but 
judge  all  Right  and  Wrong,  according  to  the  Cuftom  and  Manner  of 
their  Anceftors. 

Phyfick,  he  fays,  is  wholly  neglcded  by  them :  They  cure  Men  by 
Burning  and  Cutting,  as  they  do  Horfes.  They  cure  the  Jaundice  by 
burning  a  Semicircle  about  the  joyntof  the  Arm  with  a  crooked  Iron, 
putting  on  the  place  a  little  Cotton,  andfo  letting  the  vitious  Humor 
diftil  fiom  it  till  the  Diftemper  be  gone.  They  cure  Wounds  with 
Myrrh,  which  is  there  mighty  common. 

They  look  upon  it  as  an  egregious  Fable ,  for  any  Man  to  alTert, 
that  the  Earth  is  a  round  Globe,  fufpendec^  of  its  felt'  in  the  midft  of 
the  Air. 

He  tells  us,  they  eat  raw  Flefii,  or  fuchasisbut  half-boird,  and 
ufe  Gall  as  a  (auce.  That  they  take  Herbs  half  digefted  out  of  the 
Bellies  of  Cows  and  Oxen  kiU'd,  and  feafoning  them  with  Salt  and 
Pepper,  they  make  a  fort  of  Muftard  which  "much  gratifies  their 
Palate. ' 


,i_>«-t  J 


Xxx 


.    * 


_  _*.— v-r 


y*^ 


<>/  C  0  Mf.G  eg 


%«•    5^ 


rife 

the 
ha 
lor 


Crt«M  is  yerv  temperate,  for  the  Rains  and  the  Winds  affw^e 
^£  helf  w3  is  i'nfupportable  in  the  neighbouring  Coun- 
tries Nor  hll  Jw:7any  Province  more  interlaid  with  Rivers  i 
The  Z.irwhcV  is  the  chief  of  them,  isvery  confide«Ue  for  the 
Rapito  and  depth  of  its  Stream.    The  Inhabitants  ot  C«»  have 

M?n3Gold,  b^ut  they  only  make  ufe  "f  Shells  [or  M^^y^^^t^^^ 
the  moft  part  owned  themfelvesChnftians  "  CwhoUcfo,  by  the  E^ 
ample  of  their  Kings  in  or  about  the  year  ^64°-  f  J^at  tunM^e 
CaLiim  had  made  a  great  progrefs  there  '"  P'*.*'='>'"?'T'f  *'f  ^J^' 
thelefs     did  not  fucceed  according  to  expeftation  j  for  being  nevei 
wdl  grounded  in  any  folid  Principles,  they  foonabandoncd  the  name 
and  profeffion.    The  Fcmsal.  bring  ff  •"  *^"« ';:°f  ^,1  0^^ 
For  which  reafon  they  have  fettled  then*felves '". 'l^«3m»U  S 
which  is  called  St.  SahaJ<^,  and  in  that  of  St.  P.»/m  the/™"/* 
eiLo«nd0,  this  was  fmce  feizd  upon  by  the  Dutch,  which  is  very 


Of  C  0  M  G  0. 


5XJ 


level,  feven  Leagues  long,  and  one  and  a  half  broad,  Where  they  get 
frefli  Water  by  digging  holes  in  the  Sand.  The  Portugals  keep  Gar- 
rifons  in  the  Forts  o(MaJprgan  and  Cambambe  in  the  Kingdom  oi  An- 
gola, for  the  prelervation  of  their  Silver  Mines :  And  here  it  is,  that 
they  rendevouz  their  flaves  appointed  for  Brafile.  The  Males  only 
have  the  right  of  Succeffion in  this  Kingdom,'  and  all  the  Land  be- 
longs to  the  King  whonii  they  call  Mani.  Learning  is  fo  little  efteem- 
ed  among  the  Congolans,  that  when  Emanuel,  King  oi 'Portugal,  fent  to 
their  King  all  the  faireft  Books  of  the  Law  he  could  meet  with,  and 
feveral  DocStors  to  expound  them,  he  fent  the  Dodlors  back,  and 
ordered  the  Books  to  be  burnt,  faying.  That  they  would  only  con- 
found and  diforder  his  Subjeds  Brains,*  who  had  no  need  but 
only  of  Reafbn  and  Common  Senfe  ,•  however,  that  he  would  conti- 
nue no  lefs  the  King  of  Portugal's  Friend. 

Under  the  name  ofCon^o  are  alfo  comprehended  the  Kingdoms  of 
Angela,  Cacongo  and  Malemba  ,*  the  Anjicians,  who  refemble  our  Bifcai* 
ners,  and  t\\Q  Bramaso):  Loanghi.  But  neither  thefe  Kingdoms  nor  Peo- 
ple acknowledge  the  King  ot  Congo,  as  formerly  they  cud.  The  King 
oi  Angola  ityleshimfelf  grand  So^<jr  j.his  chief  City  is  Cambazza,  Enguze, 
or  Donge,  His  Subjects  are  fo  in  love  with  Dogs  Flefli,  that  they  breed 
up  whole  Flocks  together,*  and  one  well-fed  Dog  is  fometimes  fold 
among  them  for  two  hundred  Crowns.  They'are  excellent  in  nothing 
but  fliooting  in  a  Bow.  For  they  will  difcharge  twelve  Arrows  be- 
fore the  firft  ihalll>e  fallen  to  the  Ground.  They  believe,7'/&e  Sun  to  be 
a  Man,  and  the  Moon  a  Woman,  and  the  Stars  to  be  the  Children  of  that 
Man  and  that  Woman. 


-»■  '     > 


XXX'3 


THE 


.  I  .   .  I,  .     v.X'i  ,\  1     .  .    ,     .  ^ 


A5i& 


514      C  AfRARlA  and  MO  NO  MOTO  P  A. 


'Iri^ 


^^      1,  Aao    V 

r|i  _  


*<!' 


\ 


L;iii.ior 


l^:': 


/ 


.<V»'' 


f"^ 


iAi&*r.i*,3^'-'-^4ip(i,^,,„,     X.-il'V"-''^    -  "■>.,.^i)^/v  -^'^ 


J 


'orruntis 


bolpb 


,^ 


P  Je  Ux^^ 


ICfrntlit  ^%J*/^  I'n' 

:3« 


e  ol 


/to.- 


E^ 


lONOMOTAP/! 
/Coaftof, 


Cail 


rrj 


TH  E  Country  which  bears  the  name  of  Cafrarla  is  the  moft\ 
Southern  part  of  all  Jfrica^  and  indeed  all  our  Continent  a- 
long  the  Ethic  fick  Sea,  part  in  the  Torrid,  part  in  the  temperate  Zone, 
extending  about  twelve  hundred  Leagues  upon  the  Coaft.  It  is  full 
of  Mountains,  fubje(^to  great  colds,  and  under  feveral  petty  Kings, 
the  moft  part  of  which  pay  Tribute  to  the  Emperor  oi  Mcmmotofa.ThQ 
King  of  Sofala,  which  was  part  of  the  iy£gifyntba  of  old,  pays  alfo 
to  the  King  o£ Portugal,  who  keeps  a  Garrifon  in  the  Caftle  of^o- 
fala,  and  by  that  means  gets  good  ftore  of  Gold  from  the  Mines^ 
which  are  up  in  the  Country.  And  that  Gold  is  efteem'd  the  beft 
in  the  World :  From  whence  Vertomannus,  Vokterranus,  and  from 
them  Ortelius  labour  to  perfuade  the  World  how  that  this  was 
Ophir.  And  David  Kemchi,  a  learned  Rabbi,  places  Ofhir  in  South 
Africa ;  yet  J ofephus,  St.  Hierome,  and  many  more  are  of  opinion  that 
Ophir  was  part  of  the  Eafi  Indies  ;  whofe  diftance  and  great  plenty 
oFGold,  beft  agrees  with  a  three  years  Voyage.  They  take  it  up  fome- 
/'  '  times 


rruntts 


e  moft, 
nent  a- 
te  ZonCy 
t  is  full 
Kings, 

lys  alfo 

Mines 
le  beft 
I  from 
is  was 

South 
•n  that 
plenty 
fome- 

times 


C  AFRARIA  anJ  MONO/,IOTOPA.       51; 

times  out  of  the  Rivers  in  little  Nets,  after  it  has  Rain'd.  The  Coaft 
of  Cafraria  lies  low,  and  full  of  Woods ;  but  the  Soyl  produces 
Flowers  of  a  moft  pleafing  fcent  j  and  the  Trees  afford  a  lovely  pro- 
lpe<ft.  Three  great  Rivers  fill  into  th.Q  Indian  Sea  out  of  Cafraria 
Every  one  of  which  is  known  at  the  head  by  the  Name  of  Zambera. 
The  moft  Northerly  is  call'd  Cuama,  the  middlemoft  Spirito  SanSio, 
and  the  Southermott  Los  hf antes. 

The  Cafres  live  under  no  Law  nor  Religion,  as  their  Name  imports : 
Herbert  tells  us.  That  during  the  time  he  ftaid  amongft  them,  he 
faw  no  figns  of  any  knowledge  of  God,*  no  fpark  of  Devotion  ,•  no 
fymptom  of  Heaven  or  Hell  ,•  no  place  fet  apart  for  Worfliip  j  no 
Sabboth  for  reft.  Many  of  them  will  fteal  with  their  Feet,  while  they 
ftare  ye  in  the  Face.  They  fell  their  Cattle  to  the  Seamen  that  come 
into  thofe  parts:  But  they  are  forc'd  to  tie  the  Oxen  to  Trees,  and 
to  put  the  Sheep  in  Penns  before  they  pay  them,  for  elfe  upon  a  pe- 
culiar Whiftle,  the.  Cattle  will  run  after  tliem,  and  leave  the  Pur- 
chafer  in  the  lurch.  In  Complexion  they  are  like  our  Chimney- 
fweepers :  Befides,  they  have  great  Heads,  flat  Nofes,  whether  it  be 
that  they  are  prefs'd  in  their  Infancy,  or  becaufe  that  their  Mothers 
carry  them  at  their  backs,  againft  which  they  may  be  fubje<ft  to  knock 
them.  Their  Hair  is  frizl'd,  their  Lips  extraordinary  big,  their 
Back-Bone  very  fharp,  their  Hips  large  ,•  fo  that  there  can  oe  no- 
thing feen  more  ugly.  The  Cafe  of  good  Hope:,  which  lies  in  the  nioft 
Southern  part  of  this  Countrey,  is  the  moft  famous,  the  loneeft  and 
the  moft  dangerous  Cape  in  the  World.  It  was  fo  call'd,  becaufe 
that  being  once  paft  that,the  Seamen  had  fome  hopes  to  arrive  quick- 
ly at  the  Eafi-Indies.  Formerly  it  was  call'd  the  Cafe  of  Whirl-TVinds 
or  Temfefisy  which  much  annoy 'd  thofe  Seas.  Some  call  it  the  Lyon 
cfthe  Sea;  others  the  Head  of  Africa,  There  are  certain  figns  to 
know  when  you  are  near  it :  For  within  fifty  or  fixty  Leagues,  the 
Sea  is  full  of  the  Bodies  of  thick  Reeds  that  float  upon  the  Water  : 
and  the  white  Birds  with  black  Ipots  make  their  appearance.  The. 
Mouth  of  the  Bay  to  the  Eaft  of  the  Cape  is  five  Leagues  broad, 
encompaflTed  with  fliarp  Rocks.  The  Air  is  tempcirate  ,  an4  the 
neighbouring  Valleys  are  full  of  Herbs  and  Flowers.  Their  Rivers 
abound  in  Filh,  their  Woods  in  Vcnifon  and  Begs  :  The  Natives 
that  cloath  themfelves  with  the  Skins  of"thefe  Bcafts,  are  very  fvvilt, 
but  Brutes  in  their  eating^  and  when  the^ifcak,  they  gobble  like 
Turkie  Cocks. 

The  Hollanders  have  built  a  Fort  there,  a  League  from  which  they 
have  a  fair  and  handfome  Town  ,•  all  forts  of  Grain  there  out  of  /.fa 
or  Europe,  thrive  better  than  in  ether  £aits.. 

•;  ■  The. 


5i6      CAFRARlAatid  MOIJOMOTOT'A: 

The  Cafres  are  black,  becaufe  they  rub  themfelves  with  a  Greafe  or 
Ointment,  compofed  olTeveral  fort  of  Drugs,  to  prcferve  themfelves 
Jiom  being  ilydropical  ,•  they  have  f;rcatknovvU\lge  ot  Simples,  and 
liavc  cured  i'cveral  of  the  ^ntch  of  Ulcers  and  old  Wounds,  whicli 
were  paft  the  skill  of  their  own  Chyrurgeons. 

Mommotopa  is  almoft  environ'd  by  Cafrarla.  It  bears  the  name  of  the 
King.  It  is  very  fertile,  abounding  in  Ivory,  and  fo  rich  in  Gold,  that 
the  King  is  call  d  the  Golden  Emperor.  The  Inhabitants  who  are  very 
fuperftitious,  have  no  other  Arms,  than  Pikes^  Bows,  and  Arrows : 
But  they  are  fo  fwifr,  that  they  will  run  as  laft  as  a  Horfe.  The 
common  People  wear  nothing  above  their  Waftes  ,•  and  for  the  Maids 
they  go  ftark  naked,  fo  that  a  Man  may  chofe  his  Wife  according 
to  the  Cultom  of  the  Utopian  Common-Wealth.  A  Relation  made  in 
the  year  1 6 5- 1,  Reports,  that  the  King  of  Monomotopa  was  baptiz'd 
with  all  his  Court,  by  the  Jefuits.  The  King  himlelf  is  generally 
trick'd  with  Bracelets  and  Pretious  Stones  like  a  Bridegroom,  nor 
will  he  ever  were  any  Foreign  Stuffs,  for  fear  they  fliouldbepoifon'd: 
Unlefs  it  be  the  Twift,  the  CoUer,  and  his  Buskins,  of  which  he  has 
liberty  to  change  the  Faihion  ;  he  is  obliged  in  other  things  to  follow 
the  Fartiion  of  his  PredecelTors,  by  the  Laws  of  his  Kingdom.  "Tis 
reported,  that  for  his  ufual  Guard,  he  has  a  Regiment  of  Women,  and 
another  of  Dogs,  and  that  thofe  Women  in  War  do  as  much  fervice 
as  Men.  He  gratifies  the  Princes,  which  are  his  Tributaries  with  a 
prefent  of  Fire  every  year,  as  a  mark  of  his  acknowledgment.  Mono 
Emugi  is  a  potent  Kingdom  to  the  North  o^ Monomotopa.  The  Giaques^ 
otherwife  call'd  Galles,  and  Chavas  are  neighbours  to  one  another, 
and  are  famous  for  their  Valour,  and  for  the  Vidories  they  have  got 
over  the  Abejfmsj  in  the  Upper  Ethiopia, 


-■*:  ■" 


w. 


pfZ/AifGX/EB  A  n: 


S*7 


z 


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SJ. 


fe!,  Sea,  on  this  f/c  and  beyond,  *e  Equ^o.  J^^d^^^^^^^ 
Pointers  under  divers  Sovereigns,     iney  give  mcu  ""  ^, 

Southern  Part,  chiefly  bears  the  "'''"^If  S^^^^^         Ww.. 
the  finall  K.ingdoms  of  iWewwJ^fj^"'"''  A2(wwii<»,  ^^^^ 


-'f*^i;<;^t 


^^. 


■^1 


-'>■ 


.  .?^ 


'•iiSir 


fSfciji. 


1.^^=:;^ 


^1 


^t 


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Of  ^AlsGt/EBAR. 


The  '"Jofthci'i  part  is  call'd  ^jen,  and fcmetimes  Neii^  Arabia.  It  com- 
j^rehentls  the  Dominions  of  Bravaj  Magiuloxo,  Adea  and  Adel.  In  Mo- 
z,am!;ique  lies  the  belt  place  that  the  Fortugah  have  in  all  thofe  quarters. 
'  Tor  they  polTefs  a  very  ftrong  Caftle  in  the  Ifland  of  that  Namej  about 
hah' a  League  long,  vi^here  their  Ships  ftay  for  leafonable  Weather  to 
carry  Kiem  to  the  Eafi  Indies.  The  Port  is  upon  the  North-fide  of  chi  j 
City^and  you  muft  leave  two Iflands upon  the  left  hand  as  you  entc- 
into  it.  It  wDuldbe  better  Inhabited/Dut  the  Air  is  very  unwholefome* 
^iloa  lies  in  the  fame  Peninfula  :  The  King  therefore  was  the  firft  in 
Zanguebar  that  became  Tributary  to  the  Fortugals.  In  ^iloa  are  a 
moft  excellent  fort  of  Hens,  tho'  their  Flefii,  their  Feathers,  and  tlieir 
very  Bones  be  black.  Alomhaze  lies  in  an  Ifland,  and  upon  a  Rock  un- 
der ^d  <^on  South,  was  fubdued  to  the  Crown  oi  Portugal  by  Almcyda^ 
in  the  year  i  jof.  Sometimes  the  Pormgals  Winter  there,  for  Provi- 
fions  are  very  plentiful  and  cheip.  The  entrance  into  the  Port  is  io 
narrow  and  fo  rocky,  that  in  (ome  places  ti  ?re  is  not  room  for  a- 
bove  one  Ship  to  enter.  The  Eftates  of  Lamon  and  Tate  are  under 
the  Government  of  Melinda.  The  Coaft  of  Aian  contains  the  Re- 
publick  of  Brava^  a  fmall  Common-wealth,  with  a  City  built,  ac- 
cording to  the  Falhion  of  the  Moors.  It  has  ufu^.lly  paid  a  fmall  Tri- 
bute to  the  Vortugals.  Magadoxo  is  undera  Kin{  'heir  own,  and  the 
Natives  urc^Mahumetans.  To  Adea  belongs  a  \t.:y  good  Port,  call'd 
■Barraboa  Adel,  whofc  chief  City  is  Arat,  obeys  a  Iving,  who  is  an  ene- 
my to  the  AbejJJnes.  Barbara ancli  Zeila  are  places  of  great  Trade,  by 
reafon  of  the  Conveniency  of  their  Ports,  towards  the  entry  into  the 
ked-Sea.  Zeila  was  the  Aralites  o£  Plin.  Ptol.  and  Stef>/}.  the  Etnporiim 
of  the  Trogloditica,  'tefie  Mol. 

Zocotora'IHQ,  well  known  to  fbrmei  Ages,  to  fome  by  the  Name  of 
Dinfcorida,  thought  to  be  the  Topaz,o  of  Plinjf  ,•  by  the  Turks,  Catn- 
chomer ;  by  the  Perjians,  Cabar  ;  by  the  Spaniards,  Aicbar  :  Ramufio^ 
Curia  Muria,  aliis  Alba  Curia,  incolis  Abbadal  Curia,  is  lituatcd  at  the 
Mouth  of  the  Red  Sc^,  fixty  Miles  long,  ;tnc  twenty  four  broad, 
which  though  defedive  in  moft  neceilar.es  for  life,  yet  it  hath  plenty 
ofPliyfical  Drugs,  efpccially  of  Aloes,  called  in  Spain,  Jerripcr  ^vivum 
x!?"  Sa.:guls  Dr,:coTJum. 

Here  John  de  Cajho  for  many   days  found   it  high  Water  at  tiia 
Mcoixb.Rifing,  and  low  Water  wlicn  the  Moon  was  Highclh 


'  ,'\  A-^«. 


0/ 


••«• 


the  APR  7  C  A  ,i)f.  Jjlands'.  jig 

0/";/'f  AFRICAN  Ijlmds^  V-- 

IN  the  Occidental  or  Atlandck  Ocean,  and  xiotf^.r  irom  ^nVisr^  wc 
find  three  difFerent  Bodies  of  Iflands,  and  each  very  confiderable, 
viz,,  the  Axji^ih  the  Canaries,  and  C<j!/>e  Verd  Iflands, 


.:■:;■  :C/i 


'0/"f)5e  J//a  of  the  AZORES. 


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2  de  Jf?%Mmrtt.     ^^  . 


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%. 


I^^HE  ,^%om  are  fituatc  befiwixt  the  thirty  feventh  an<}  forty  fixtTi 
Degree  of  Northern  J^atitu^e,  ^nd  are.Nine  ifi  number,  St.  M/-. 
chael^  Saipt  M^rr/w^  wWtJi  Ijes  ti^xt  t^.S/'^^n*  Tcvcer^  on  the  North- 
Weft,  then  Saint  Graciofa,  Saint  Georges.     Faial,  and  Pico,  in  the 
middle,  j  Como  and  F/orw  neareft  to  America  :  Saint  Michael^  diredl- 
ly  North  of  Saint  Maries,  is  the  largeft,  andof  moft  note  among  Mo- 
dern Geographers  for  the  place  oftliefirft  Meridian,  about  which  you 
may  fee  more  in  my  Ufe  of  the  Glides.    Tercera  is  the  chief  of  the  reft 
in  regard  of  its  ftrength  ^  of  its  commodious  Haven,  and  well  forti- 
fied Town  Angra  ;  the  Refidence  vf  the  Governor  and  Archbi/hops 
Sea,  it  is  efteemed  the  Principal  of  thefe  Iflands,  and  communicates 
its  Name  unto  them,  the  Air  ofthefelflands  is  generally  good.  They 
are  well  ftoredwith  Flefli,  Fifhand  Fruits,  but  the  Wines  not  very 
good  nor  durable.     The  chief  commodities  they  tranfport  unto  o- 
ther  Countries  are  finging  Birds.  Oad  for  Dyers,  which, yearly  they 
gather  in  two  places,  called  Los  Folhadores,  and  los  Ahares,  and  a  fort 
of  Wood  red  within,  and  waved  within,  admirable  beautiful,  I  fup- 
pofe  the  fame  Workmen  call  Princes  Wood. 

The  Ifle  Tercera  is  as  well  fenced  by  Nature,  and  ftrengchened  by 

Art,  asm'^l  Jfla^'cls  in  the  World-,  being  every  where  hard  of  ac- 

ctfs  ,•  having  nv.  good  Harbor  wherein  to  flielter  a  Navy,  and  upon 

every  Cave,  or  Watering  Place^  a  Fort  ereded  to  forbid  the  ap- 

^   proach  of  an  Enemy,  yet  the  Marquefs  ofSanSh  Cruz.,  after  he  had 

»j '  ihewcd  himfelf  (in  the  Road  of-^w^r^)  to  Emanuel  de  Syha  and  Monf. 

:J    de  Chattes,  who  kept  it  for  the  ule  of  Don  Antonio,  with   five  or  fix 

V  thoufand  Men,  let  fail  fuddenly,  and  arivcd  at  Port  des  Moles,  and 

here  v^on  a  Fort,  and  landed  before  Mon[.  Chattes  could  come  to 

hinder  him.  i  '- 

The  difficult  landing  of  our  Engllfl}  At  Fajal,  in  the  year  i5'97.  un- 
<   der  the  condud  of  Sir  tV.  Rawleigb,   was  as  valoroufly  performed,  as 
honourably  and  bravely  enterpriled,  but  was  more  of  Repu  tation  than 
,    Safety. 

Thefe  Iflands  were  firfl  difcovered  by  the  Flemings,  but  fubdued 
hy  il-QPortifgals,  under  the  conduct  ot  Prince  i/l°»7,  in  the  year  1444. 


^'TH£ 

1- 


-^ 


mfmmmm 


mmmmmm 


Of  the  C  A  nA  RT   jtjknds. 


nn  HE  Canary  Iflands  are  now  in  number  feven  j  by  the  Antients 
X    call'd  Infula  fortunata,  and   by  VUny,  Omhrio,  lunonla^  Major, 
Jmonia  Minor  or  Theode,  Canaria,  Nivaria,  Cafra-ia,  Plavialie. 

By  Vtolomy  they  were  ftyled,  Afrojitos,  Her<*s  Infula,  Canaria,  Tin- 
turia^  or  Centuria,  Cafpcria,  Tkitania  or  P/«iV<?//^  ^  firft  difcovered 
1346. 

But  now  better  known  by  the  names  o[  Lancerotta,  Fortuentura,  Ca- 
nana,  Teneriffe,Palma,  Ferro,  AndGomera.  Lancerotta,  or  the  inacceflible     . 
and  enchanted  liland,  becaufe  of  the  difficulty  fometimes  to  make  it  ^^f 
more  than  at  other  times.     It  wasthe  firft  of  thefe  Iflands  that  was 
madefubjea  to  the  Crown  of  C<///7g,diicovered  i  ;95.In  Forteuentura,  , 
are  faidto  be  the  tarbaU  Tnts  which  bear  a  Gum,  ot  which  there  ir» 

Yyy  z  I         mvT,d«. 


h- 


5' 


53 i  Of  the   C  A  IT  A  R  T  Iflanis: 

made  pure  white  Salt  ,•  the  Talm  tree  which  bears  Dates,  Olhe-tre^, 
Mafikk  trees ^  and  a  Fig-tree,  from  which  they  have  a  Balm  as  white 
as  Milk,  and  of  great  Virtue  in  Phyfick. 

Canary  Ifland  is  exceeding  fruitful,  and  the  Soyl  fo  fertile,  that 
they  have  two  Harvefts  in  one  Year,  its  Commodities  are  Hew/^  74^axy- 
Sugar,  Oad,  Winessid  Tlantons,  which  bear  an  Apple  like  a  Cucumber, 
which  when  ripe,  eats  more  delicioufly  than  any  Ct>mfit. 

Tenerifcj  is  famous  for  its  high  Pike,  faid  to  be  the  higheft  Mountain 
in  the  World  ,•  for  its  Lawrel-treps;  where  the  Canary  Birds  warble 
their  pleafant  Notes,*  and  for  its  Dragon-trees,  out  of  which  they 
draw  a  red  Liquor,  well  known  to  the  Apothecaries  by  the  name  of 
Dragons-blood,  and  for  its  yearly  export  of  twenty  thoufand  Tuns  of 
the  moft  excellent  ^tne  which  the  Worlcl  produces. 

Palma  abounds  in  Corn,  Wines  and  Sugars,  and  all  forts  of  Fruits, 
"Well  ftored  with  Cattle,  therefore  the  Vi(5lualling  place  of  the  Spamjb 
Fleet  that  pafletl^  to  Peru  and  Brajil. 

Fero  Ifle  is  famous  for  a  Tree  whofe  Leaves  deftil  Water  which 
ferves  the  Ifland,  it  would  be  too  tedious  for  me  here  to  relate  the 
different  Relations  of  Writers  about  this  Ifland,  I  fiiall  therefore  only 
mention  fome  few :  One  Nichols,  who  had  been  feven  years  Fadior 
there,  faith  there  is  no  frefti  Water  in  the  Ifland,  only  in  the  middle 
of  the  Ifle  there  grows  a  Tree,  which  being  always  covered  with 
Clouds,  drops  from  it's  Leaves  into  a  Ciftern  very  good  Water,  and 
in  great  abundance.  One  Jackfon,  an  Englifl)  Man,  aflfirms  that  the 
Tree  hath  neither  Flowers  nor  Fruit,  that  it  dries  up  in  the  Day,  that 
at  Night  a  Cloud  hangs  over  the  Tree,  and  deftils  its  Water  drop  by 
drop,  and  fills  a  Referver  of  twenty  thoufand  Tuns. 

Jans*  in  his  Hydography  faith,  it  very  rarely  rains  in  the  Ifland. 
Linfchot  faith  there  is  no  frefti  Water ,  except  about  the  Sea  Coafl:  ,• 
tut  this  defed  is  fupplied  by  the  Tree. 

In  the  Hiftory  of  the  Conquefts  of  thefe  Iflands,  'tis  faid  that  this 
Ifland  hath  great  plenty  of  Water,  and  Rain  often  ;  and  in  the  high- 
er Countries  are  Trees  which  drop  Water  pure  and  clear,  which  falls 
into  a  Ditch,  the  belt  in  the  World  to  drink. 

Ferdinand  Suarcc  faith.  That  this  Tree  bears  a  Fruit  like  an  Acorn, 
of  a  pleafant  and  aromatick  tafte,  and  that  the  Pond  or  Cifl:ern  con- 
tains not  twenty  Tuns. 

Sanutus  faith,  the  Cloud  begins  to  rife  about  Noon,  and  in  the 
Evening  quite  covereth  the  Tree.  Others  fiy,  that  this  Water  falls 
from  Noon  all  Night.  Others  will  have  the  Cloud  always  about 
the  Tree,  and  that  its  diftillation  is  continually  ,•  now  how  to  re- 
concile all  thcfe  different  Relaters  in  a  Virdicl  of  Truth  I  nuifl: 

leave 


/PIHP*W""'"''P' 


mmmm 


mmmmmmmmm 


'Of  the  CAffART    Ijlands. 


m 


white 
,  fhat 
lumber. 


3iintain 
[warble 
h  they 
iame  of 
'uns  of 

Fruits, 
!  Sfawjh 

r  which 
late  the 
)re  only 
5  Fador 
middle 
ed  with 
er^  and 
that  the 
'ay^  that 
drop  by 

Ifland. 
Coaft ; 

hat  this 
e  hi^^h- 
:ch  falls 

Acorn, 
rn  con- 

.  in  the 
:er  falls 
about 
'  to  re- 
[  mult 

ICilVS 


leave  to  the  Readers  Experience,  or  tiie  more  certain  informations 
«bftiine.  ,  .  ...  ;•   ;-. 

Thefe  Canaries  are  often  times  the  Rendevouz  of  the  Spanijh  Weft* 
India  Fleet,  where  they  receive  Orders  to  what  part  of  5/><?i«  they  fhall 
make^  in  ordei'  to  the  unlading  of  their  Wealth. 

Madera,  or  Ifle  of  Wood,  fixty  Leagues  in  compafs,  in  the  Atlan- 
■tick  Sea,  and  to  the  North  of  the  Canaries,  belongs  to  the  Crown  of 
"Portugal.  The  Air  is  very  wholefome,  many  Fountains  and  Rivers 
refrelh  the  Country,  fo  that  it  is  not  fubje(ft  to  exceffive  heats ;  it  is 
c^ViQ^thQ  ^teen  of  the  IJlands,  becaufe  of  its  Beauty,  and  the  Fertili- 
ty of  the  50/7,  which  produces  excellent  Wine,  ftrongand  racy,  and  in 
great  abundance  ,•  for  the  Vines  bear  more  Clufters  than  Leaves.  It 
bears  delicate  Fruits,  excellent  Wheat,  and  delicious  Sugar,  the  befl: 
in  the  World,  it  affords  great  ftoreof  .^«/«cej,and  other  Sweetmeats, 
Dragons  blood,  Cordevants,  Ceder  Wood,  and  a  Plant  call'd  Mader.  It 
contains  three  Cities,  th6  chief  of  which  is  Fouchial,  or  Funghal,  the 
Refidence  of  a  Governor  and  a  Bifhop.  The  City  is  long  and  nar- 
row at  the  foot  of  a  Mountain,  which  is  about  three  quarters  of  a 
League  high,  with  three  Fortreffes  and  a  Port  like  a  Crefcent,  where 
Ships  may  ride  without  Piftol  iTiot  of  t.xO  Town.  The  Ifland  contains 
thirty  fix  Parifhes^  five  or  fix  Religious  Convents,  four  Hofpitals, 
fix  or  feven  thoufand  Houfes,  twenty  five  thoufand  Inhabitants, 
and  fo  many  Gardens,  that  tlie  whole  feems  a  Garden  of  plea- 
fure. 

The  Ifland  Vcrto  SanElo  hath  much  what  the  flime  Commodities 
with  Madera,  but  is  not  above  eight  or  ten  Leagues  in  Circuit,  thought 
to  be  the  Cerne  o^Ttolomy,  and  reckon'd  for  the  moft  remote  Colony, 
which  the  Carthaginians  had  in  the  Weftern  Ocean :  Between  the 
Canaries  and  the  Madera  s,  I  find  two  fmall  Iflands  called  Salvages  in 
feme  Maps,  but  in  the  Sea-Charts  I  find  only  a  heap  of  Sands,  and 
no  defcription  of  them  in  any  Geography. 


4>-  ' 


M 


:     T  H  n  ^^ 


534 


The  $iinJs  tfC^  FB  RD, 


TH  E  Iflands  which  are  in  the  parallel  of  Cape  Verd,  are  to  the. 
number  of  ten^  and  bear  the  name  of  the  Cape^  which  lies  in 
the  moftWeftern  part  of  all  Afiica.    Tlie  Antients  call'd  them  He- 
[prides  and  Gorgades,  and  the  Fables  plac'd  there  the  Orchards  with 
.  Golden  Apples  which  were  kept  by  a  Dragon.     Chrifiopher  Columbus 
faid,  they  were  falfly  nam'd,  for  in  his  third  Voyage  he  found  them 
to  be  diy  and  barren.    They  are,  for  the  moft  part,  pofleffed  and 
Jnhabited  by  the  Tortugals^  who  tranfport  thence  Salt  and  Goats- 
•  skins,  of  which  they  make  excellent  Cordevants.    There  is  in  one  of 
chefe  Mands,  called  Mayo,  io  great  quantity  of  Salt,  that  it  is  faid  it 
could  load  above  two  thoufand  Sail  of  Ships,  fo  that  the  f](f)w/»^x 

call 


the  I/lands  of  Cape  P"  E  R  t>,  53  j 

call  them  all  the  Iflands  of  Salt,    The  principal  Ifland  is  that  of  Saint 


J  ago  or  James\  with  a  City  of  the  fame  Name, 
the  belt  Inhabited,  through  the  unwholfomnels 


which  is  none  of 
IS  of  the  Air.  The 
Nine  other  Iflands  are  Saint  Anthony  Sy  Saint  Vincent,  Saint  Luce, 
Saint  Nicholas,  the  Ifle  of  Salt,  Bona  Vifia,  Mayo,  I.  de  Fugo,  and 
Brava.  There  are  fome  wherein  there  are  no  Inhabitants  but  only 
Goats.  The  neighbouring  Ocean  bears  the  Name  of  Green,  by  reafon 
that  it  is  covered  with  a  kind  of  Qreen  and  Yellow  Weed,  fo  that  it 
looks  Me  a  Meadow* 

There  are  four  things  which  to  me  ftrongly  prove  ,  that  the 
Iflands  of  Cape  Verd  do  rather  anfwer  to  the  fortunate  Iflands  of 
Vtolomy,  than  the  Canaries  j  I.  Their  difference  of  Latitude  for  Pfo- 
lomy  placeth  his  fortunate  Iflands  between  the  tenth  and  fixteenth 
Degree  of  Latitude^  tlie  Canaries  are  about  twenty  eight  Degrees  of 
^Latitude. ' '■■     '    ''V;/-^  ■  '''"':  ''..\r.--^'J-'    j*iiiv' 

2,  Their  diftance  In  regard  of  the  Coaft  of  Africa,  which  Viohm 
makes  rfie  neareft  diftance  to  be  eight  Degrees ,  when  as  the  furtheft 
of  the  C^j^^y/fj  is  not  fo  much. 

;  3.  The  difpofition  of  their  Situation  from  Eaft  to  Weft,  for  "Ptolo^ 
my  confines  his  fortunate  Ifles  almoft  under  one  Meridian,  the  Cana^ 
Ties  contain  five  or  fix  Degrees  in  Longitude. 

4.  In  refpe<a  of  their  Situation  from  North  to  South  ,•  for  Ptolomy 
extends  thofe  four  or  fix  Degrees  of  Latitude,  whereas  the  Canaries 
lie  all  in  the  fame  Degree  of  Latitude,  however  I  fliall  fubmit  to  bet- 
ter judgments  therein. 

The  Ifle  of  Saint  Thomas,  under  the  Equator^  affords  a  great  quan- 
tity of  Sugar,  but  the  Air  is  bad  for  ftrangers  that  come  to  live  therej 
for  they  never  grow  bigger  than  they  were  at  their  firft  arrival.  The 
Vortugals  were  the  firft  that  fubbu'd  it.  .The  befl  Town  in  it  \i  Pa- 
vaofan,  containing  about  feven  hundred  Houfes,  with  a  Fortrefs  in 
the  Eaftern  part  of  the  Ifland.  It  hasfeveral  Trees  like  thofe  in  the 
Ifland  of  Fer,  which  diftil  Water  continually  for  the  ufe  of  the  In- 
habitants. Hogs  Flefli  is  more  wholefom  and  nourifliing  than  Fowl, 
by  reafon  they  feed  their  Hogs  with  Sugar  Canes. 

The  JJland  of  the  Prince  (fo  call'dbecaufe  the  Revenue  of  that  Ifland 
js  appointed  for  the  Maintenance  of  the  Prince  of  Portugal)  yields 
feme  Fruit,  Sugar  and  Ginger. 

Annobon  is  fo  called,  becaufe  it  was  firft  difcovered  upon  the  firft  day 

''of  the  year.     The  Portugals  live  toward  the  No;-th  part  thereof;  it 

yiel'^s  Sugars,  Cottons,  Cattle,  and  excellent  Fruits,  and  Oranges 

that  inthe  year  1623.  weighed  twelve  ounces. 


0- 

4:» 


r 


^J!l'■ 


.'  1 


\ 


f,'^ 


Saliif 


53^ 


The  Jjlands  of  Ciapt  F  E  R  Di 


Saint  Hellens,  fixteen  Leagues  in  compafs  in  the  Ethiofick  Sea,  high 
^nd  mountainous.  There  is  no  Ifland  in  the  World  lb  far  diftant 
from  the  Terra  Firman  'tis  called  the  Sea-Bn,  becaufe  they  that  re- 
rurn  from  the  Eafi-Indies^co^  and  refrefti  there,  and  in  the  Valliesit's. 
very  Fertile,  the  Air  fo  healthful  that  ftck  Perfons  are  in  a  fKort  time 
reftored  to  their  Healthy  well  furniihed  with  good  Water,  which 
alone  is  a  great  refrefliment  to  the  Ships,  and  of  lb  great  impor- 
tance, that  the  Englijli  keep  and  poffefs  it  in  deifpite  of  TortugaU^ 
Spaniards  or  Dutchy  or  any  other  that  difpute  with  them  the  Domir 
nion  of  the  Sea*. 

Thelflands  oi  Fernando ,  Saint  il/<?f^ai'/ and\/^yc^»/Ji>»,,  are  not  In- 
habited, and  of  no  great  account,  only  they  afford  Fowls,  Wild  Bcafts, 
and  Fiih. 

Zocoteray  and  BeheUMendel,  lie  toward  the  Red-Seay  where  the 
paflage  is  moft  convenient  from  the  Coaft  of  Afrkk,  Zocotwuj  near 
€:,apc  GuadafuL  is  under  the  Jurifdidion.  of  an -^r<i^w»  King,  It 
is  a  good  Road,  and  hath  very  convenient  Bays,  where  Ships  may 
ride  fecure  among  the  very  Rocks.  It  affords  excellentFi/hing,  Gab- 
tie  in  great  abundance^  and  i$  famous  for  the.goodAe^  and  quantity 

•fits  Aloes.       .._:,.     .,_.:.;..:,.^^.;.i:'.,^.:.,:;^  ;,. 


.iy«>-'i    >     'k  C-^'  •>  .hi:.  . 


•it>iy::j 


'(j 


0'.^ 


..    I 


'  \ 


■    ♦ 


Mddagafcar 


'  <■ 


Of  MAD  AG  AS  CAR  andthctllartas  atfacenU    Yii 


MAdagafcar  ,  Nadtcafe  by  the  Natives ;  ZazanM  by  the  Ji-ahf 
Manuthlas  Ttol.    Magafier,  by   M.   P.   Venet.  Jlb^q^ra,  Tm^j, 
Do  Ceme,  Merc.  Dauphin  Ifland  by  the  French  ;  St.  Laurence  hy  TeL-f^v: 
4'  JcunnathQ  Portugal,  who  difcovered  it,  An.  Dom.  i  f  08.  tho'  gi oai' 
is  the  difference  in  Sj>rfwi/^- Writers  about  the  n ft  that  landed  he'-e, 
lies  in  the  Eaftfirn  3  which  wa call  the  Indkf^  Sea;  it  isthe  bigi^eil:  -  .^ 
of  all  the  Iflands  that  belong  to  Jfrka ;  -from  v/lience  it  dof;i  nct'-jt-^. 
above  a  hundred  or  ninety  Leagues  diftant.     :^or  is  there  any  if!:,  vj  ^  : ' 
in  the  World  of  fo  vaft  an  extent :  For  it  is  iu  length  above  dr ce 
hundre^d  and  forty  of  our  Leagues,  and  about  one  hundred  brc-Kl. 
^^    ■  v.-  .,   '      ■    Zzz  ;  ,^-  -v  '  Its 


^::\fi  .:.*•; 


,1: 


v*fc_. 


;.  ^>'!\'i  ■ 


V'f''*- 


i* 


»    I 


V;,,-.  .  ■ 
■  ^."^    '' 


5  j8     0/  ^  ^'I>  AG  A^C  A'R\  dHttthe  yiane^  ontjaceni 

Its  chief  Ports  are  the  Bay  o^  Antongil.ov  St.  Anthony ^tho,  beft  in  all  the 
IfliUKis :  Further  towards  the  North,  Bo^mamge ;  towards  the  South, 
Angoada,  Gacumbout,  Manialoufe^  Manajara ,  or    the  Port   oi  Prunes j 
Matatane,  'Manapatfi  ,  or  the   Port    pt  Calliom ,  Mi^tyftenga  ^  Anam- 
boul.     Fort  des  Francois ^  Sancla^  Clara j  Bay  St.  Lucia ,  Fort  Dauphin  ,• 
Cape  Rontain  j  Cape  St.  Mario  ;  Port  St.  Augufiln  ,•  Port  Santiago,  or 
'St,  y antes  •  PortSt.-Wwi^^w/',  Terra  del  Gada,  Terra  de  St.   Andro,  f^in- 
•gagora, Sic.  According'tto  our  Relations,  the  Air  is  temperate  enough, 
the  Soyl;pro4u'ces  feveral  forts  of  Grains  and  Trees  ,•  the  Waters  are 
excellent,  and  the  Fruits  delicious.     The  Mountains  are  full  of  Wood, 
Pafturage  a^id  Plants  of  divers  forts,  and  the  Champain  Country 
is  water  d  with  Rivers  anitl  Lakes  full  of  Fifti.     Pity  it  is,  that  lo 
noble  an  Ifland,  and  fo  populous,  fhoi^Jd  cqntinue  fo  long  un- 
civilized, and  corrupted  with  Mahumetimi  and  Heathenifm,  and 
eftranged  from  God  and'Yii'tue,  and  feated  fo  advantageoufly  for 
Traffick  with  all  the  Wondy  They  trarifport  from  thence  Rice, 
;  Hides,  Wax,  Gums,  Chriftal,  'Steel,  Copper.Ebony,  and  Woods  of  fe- 
veral forts.     Among  the  Natives  there  are  both  Blacks  and  Whites, 
generally  ftrong,  A£tivQ  andCouragious,     lighted  with  fports.  No- 
velties, Hunting,  Hawking,  Fifhing  and  Dancing  are  their  Recrea- 
tions :  Nature  abhorring  Cruelty,  inftru6ts  them  to  punifh  Murther 
with  Death,"  Adultery  with  publick  Sham^;  Thett  with  Baiiifli- 

•  ment :  Ignorant,  they  are  in  Agiiculture  and  Learning,  for  to  them  . 
Nil  fcirCj  nihil  yucundius. 

•  TherQ  are  in  Madagafcar  a  great  number  of  particular  Lords, 
who  bear  the  Title  ot  Rohandrius,  who  are  continually  at  War 
among  themfelves  for  their  Cattle.  The  Englijh,  Portugals  and  Hol- 
landers have  fometimes  fet  footing  there.  The  Enghfli  in  the  Bay 
of  St.  AugufitHj  and  at  a  Port  del  Gada.  The  Portugals  in  the  Bay  of 
GaUions.  The  Hollanders  in  the  Bay  ofAntongil :  But  fmce  the  erect- 
ing VoTt  Dauphin,  the  French  have  affum'd  to  themfelves  all  the  Ealt- 
ern  and  Southern  part  of  the  Ifle. 

Madagafcar' i]ts  AS  Emprels  amongft  maJiy  fnlallei'  Iflands,  which 
dojfi'jxs  it  were,  inviron  and  defend  her:  The  Chief  wheieoi  are  the 
If^'  Burbdn  otherwife  called  Mafc:irenhns ,  twenty  five  Leagues 
lohg  and  fourteen  broad,  it  belongs  at  this  day  wholly  to  rhe 
^remh.  In  this  IRand  there  is  a  Monntriin  that  vomits  Fii  c  ,•  but  the 
reft  of  the  Land  is  the  beft  and  moft  pleafrait  in  the  World,  ior 
the  Waters  are  very  wholefcme,  and  there  .-'.re  nicft  cf  theCommc- 
•  dities  which  are  in  the  L^land  of  Mcd^g^-fcf^.r,  This  is  alfo  calfd  by  cur 

Sea-meii 


or 


,    ,,    Of  MAD  AG  A3  C  /€^JC^nd  the^^Jlands  adjacent.     5-;^ 

Sea-men  England's  Foreft.  The  other  Iflands  are  Mauritius,  or  Cemej 
where  the  Variation  was  twenty  four  Degrees  and  nineteen  Minutes, 
tefie  Herbert.  An  Ifland  abounding  witli,  and  capable  of,  all  things  re- 
quifite  for  the  neceflary  ufe  of  Men,  in  circuit  about  one  hundred 
Englijh  Miles;  the  Air  good,  the  Soil  Luxuriant  in  Grafs,  Herbs  and 
Flo  wers,repleniflied  with  Trees  of  feveral  fortSjeipccially  with  Ebony, 
Cocos,  and  the  Palm  Tree  :  Saint  Afolonia,  ancl  others ,  the  Names 
and  Situations  whereof  you  may  fee  in  the  Map. 

Nine  Leagues  from  Mada^afcar  lie  in  the  Sholes  or  Baixios  J'  India 
memorably  dangerous  for  Shipwracks,  as  are  alfo  John  d&  Nova,  aud 
VrimerOy  or  St.  Chrifiofber  upon  the  Baixos  d'  Pracel. 

The  Ifles  o(  Chumro  arc  four,  viz.  X^humro,  MotiUa,  where  the  Va^ 
riation  was  fixteen  Degrees  and  twenty  Minutes,  Joanna  and  Majotta, 


,  ..wv,,,;;*...^,      J 


..«   »w.'   . 


.'  1  . 


V  •  •>  V'.. 


■■■■■-.  -J       •>,(  >^,,;- 


•v;\  /'  \\  .;\ 


I.;.. 

4« 


»i\.U.  I   a-,  \-v„M  ,  i,  •.     ji 


.       i 


;i 


ii      1 


,V- 


f    -        .  V  ,. 


.  r  V 


^  '^  •  i 


'v.  '■ 


■Jv  ^ 


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.i;t|-i     irv   .  ft;  ■    ^  ■   "J    ■       ,  __ 

■H  ,^    ., -,  '^rV  ■''  '  ■'  -     ■  Zzz  2 


1'        .y     M 


•  y^^  c-.-. 


I 

^ 


^lalika 


iv.        /. 


?^#,- iW^j'^-? 


•  *'■ 


.J<«f 


f4o 


Of  MALTHA, 


1^ 


^' 


MAltha,  feated  almoft  in  tUe  middle  of  theJVieditefmean,  was 
h^lonc  .  T'^^  call  d  Af.//V^  from  its  plenty  of  Hony^  It  is  faid  to 
belong  to  Afnca,  as  bemg  nearer  to  that  Coaft  than  the  Coaft  ofE«- 

XV'.fi    y^'^'  '^'?  MaheCt^^n^k^  more  of  the  Cuftomsand  Man- 
ners of  the  Africans  than  of  the  Europlans. 

The  Ifland  had  formerly  the  fame  Lords  as  Sicily.     Now  it  is  the 

ttnT^  ""^  n'l^^A^^Vf.^'A?''^^'^  ^^J^rufahn,  under  one  Prince 
whom  they  call  the  Grand  Matter,  the  Patron  of  the  Order      The 

Emperor  a^r/^.  the  Filth  gave  it  to  the  Knights  who  had  no  ce- 

tain  Refidence  after  the  lofs  o^ Rhodes,  having  formerly  Refided  at  Jc- 

rufakm,  Murgat    Acra,  and  Limiffo  m  the  Wand  of  Cjpr«..     The  Or- 

•dens  compos  d  of  eight  Languages,  TrcvcTicc,  Au^ergne,  Fr.^ce,  Italy, 

dragon ,  England.,  Qm<mj  and  Cafiik.    Thg  three  Languages    "of 


.  •_    »       . .  ..•;  .        •  ..  ^    Frame  J 


Of   M  A  LT  H  A.  ^41 

Tranclj  li.ive  three  hundred  Commanderies  ,•  but  the  reft  of  the  five 
altogether  have  no  more.  The  Name  of  Knights  was  not  in  ufe  at 
the  begining  of  the  Inftitution  j  being  then  call'd  the  Hofpitallers 
of  St.  John  oi'Jertifalem.  '        • 

The  Soyl  ofthe  Ifland_,  which  is  not  above  two  Foot  deep^  produces 
Cuminfeed,  Annifeed  and  Cotton  Wool  ,•  here  is  but  little  Corn  and 
"Wine,  fo  that  Sicily  fupplies  that  defed:.  The  Ifland  is  not  above 
twenty  three  Miles  in  length  and  twelve  broad.  Ir  is  the  beft  fortifi'd 
place  in  the  World,  as  being  the  Bulwark  of  Chriftendom,  there  be- 
ing above  three  hundred  Cannons  mounted  upon  all  hci  FortrelTes. 

The  Rofes  oC Maltha  contend  for  fvveetnefs  with  tliofe  ofPaJlam ; 
and  the  Hony  with  that  of  Hjhla  or  Hjmettm.  The  Air  is  clear  and 
healthful,  and  the  Inhabitants  live  long.  The  New  City  Valet t a  is  for- 
tified with  impregnable  Walls  and  Bulwarks.  There  are  alfo  three 
other  confiderable  Towns,  viz,,  the  IfoUj  or  the  Town  Senglca,  with 
the  Fort  of  St.  Michael^  which,  for  its.ftoutrefiftanceit  made  in  15-65'. 
againffthe  TJ/r;^/,  obtained  the  "i^amQ  oi  Citta  Invitta.  The  .other, 
^he  Borgo  del  Cafiello  a  Mdr<f,  guarded  with  the  Caftle  St.  Jngcloj{'oTK^ 
Valor ai§4 Fidelity  againft  xktOttontan  Army,i  y 69. was honou^d  with 
theTitle 'of  C;?/^  Vittoriofa.  Laftly  the  Old  City,  called  Mdlta^  now 
CittM^  Nptahile,  about  the  middle  of  the  Ifland  ;  To  which  we  may  add 
about  thirty  or  forty  great  Cafales  or  Villages,  and  twenty  fix  Paiiih 
Churches  j  the  number  of  Inhabitants  according  to  a  Survey  taken 
1632.  were  J0112,  of  which  about  |  may  be  now  accounted  fighting 
Men.  The  number  ofKnights  are  laid  to  be  between  two  or  three 
thoufand  :  And  the  number  of  Slaves  about  two  thoufand  belonging 
to  the  Order,  befides  three \hundred  to  private  Perfons,befides  thofein 
the  Gallies.  The  (jreatMafter  of  the  Order  is  now  Prince  and  C;4iief 
Governor  of  the  whole.  Ifland  j.  and  the  Ifland  now  is  in  a  Very  tiou- 
rilhing  condition  ,  fo  that  few  Subieds  live  more  happily.  • 

Goz,Oy  of  old  Gv?«/oj,  a  little  Ifland  near  to  Maltha  affords  Wheat  and 
other  Grain  ,•  an4  the  Grand  Mafl:er  is  call'd  Prince  thj.eor  It  main- 
tains about  three  thoufand  Perfons,  and  about  five  hundred  I  k«.^e5,^  in 
the  year  1^6 ).  the  Turkijh  Armata  moft  inhunianly  waited  it,  a/.cl  car- 
ried away  fix  thoufand  Prifoners.     ..■  ,,);jv/,;.,   ,',.    -^l:.,; 

Between  Maltha  and  G0Z.0  lies  a  little  Ifland',  called  Or-f.-M;  Mr- 
))hafiia  of  old^guarded  wich-aFort  C£^oricc  to  that  In  c; :•-..',  A ik]. to  iiiv- 
yb'ung  Knigjits",'  wlioTe 'Valor  ^^feiv^^n  rcvv.ird,  he  gives  xh^  I'itle  ipx 
■Pih\f:QQt  E>ijik^   which  is^a  l^ock._nqt  i^ir -from  thc.Coait.    .     , 


(;ix:'"i''rr;';,:^  ■:./:;.  ■"■'.■ 


-)  iUJ(l:'.-AVvJA-la.rr;7I  ...  •■; 


r»<  *■.  '»"  ."w",   . 


-■.■Ay^.:0  ';u  V."'.  :•:  >.••■;'*'<•'..• 


A'MEKICA 


^'. '  I.. . 


THIS  fourth  juij  laft  part  of  the  Wor'J;?  c,\t:\  ,»,-  xr 
m^U,  New  for  its  laft  difcercrv     WoH^   f     ■         ^"" 
itefs;  'tislik^wifecommonlyrLfiSeriv  tefih  "'•  ^'''''j 
often  the  »'^.,*.  ,  ^h.tkmdoe^^Z^]i-^^^iiZ:i;  ^'''^ 
duceth  we  now  do  know  in  .art.  but  ihl  4'^^  fnS; 

This  gre.-.t  part  ofthe  Earth  was  unknown  to  tIipP„-..rL  „„.-i  i. 
year  1491.  when  it  pleafed  DivineProZ^nrlrrnf  r'-       """  A* 
that  his  Gofpel  ftould  be  PreS  tHl  nS^^I  a- '"^^^"^ 

'     ■    '  ■     -  "-•'■'    the 


-     ;%  '  Of    A  M  E  R  I  CA.  /     ^43 

the  motion  of  the  Sun,  he  did  perfwade  himfelf  that  there  was  ano- 
ther World,  to  which  that  Glorious  Planet  did  communicafiboth  its 
Light  and  Heat,  when  it  went  from  us  ,•  or  whether  he  was  informed 
of  it  from  J'-.nfo  Zmches^  we  know  not,-  certain  it  is,  this  World  he 
purpofed  to  feek  jifter,  and  opening  his  defign  to  the  State  of  Genoa ^ 
in  the  year  i486,  was  by  them  rejed:ed,  who  therefore  fent  his  Bro- 
ther to  King  Htnry  the  Seventh  of  England^  which  MelTenger,  whe-  " 
ther  being  taken  Prifoner  by  Pyrates,  and  detained  a  long  while,  or 
deferred  at  Court  after  his  addrels,  we  find  not  certainly  related  ,*  but 
true  ir  is,  that  in  the  mean  time  Chrifiofhcr  Columbus  conceiving  the 
oifer  of  his  fervice  negleAed,  apply'd  nimfelf  to  the  Court  of  Spain . 
where  after  fix  years  Atendance,  h v  \vas  at  laft  furniflied  with  three 
Ships,  only  ifbr  difcoveiy,  with  which  he  failed  upon  the  Ocean  more 
than  fixty  days,  and  could  fee  no  Land,  fo  thv^t  the  Spaniards  began 
to  mutiny,*  and  Columbus  Was  forced  to  promife  to  return  again^  if 
riiey  could  not  fee  Land  in  three  days  time,  when  toward  the  end  of 
the  third  dky,  one  of  the  company  defcried  Fire.     The  place  difco- 
vered  was  an  Iflknd  on  the  Coalt  of  F/onW^,  by  the  Natives  called 
Guhahaniy  now  Salvador,  where  landing  his  Men,  he  took  pofreflion 
of  this  New   JVorld  for  Ferdinando  King  of  Arragon,  and  Ifhbella   his 
Wife,  Queen  of  C^j^i/?,  CBober  11.  1492.  After  whom  j^6-^«  C.-z^e/-,  a 
Venetian^  in  behalf  of  King  Henry  the  feventh  o^  England,  in  the  year  , 
1497.  difcovered  all  the  Nortn  Eaft  Coaft  thereof,  from  Cape  Florida  to 
the  South  beyond  Narfm^dland  in  the  North,  caufing  the  Rojalets  to 
tixrn  Homagers  to  that  King,and  to  the  Crown  of  England.  Next  after 
him,  fiicceedcd  Americusl^'efpufius,?  Florentine,  employed  by  Em.:nuehhQ 
King  of  Portugal,  Anno  i  pi.  upon  a  defign  ot  finding  cut  a  nearer  way 
to  the  Moluccas  than  by  the  Cape  cf good  Hope,  who  though  he  pafTed  no 
further  than  the  Cafujf  Augufiine  on  the  Coaft  01  Brajil^  yet  from  him 
this  Country  is  called  ^wtr/tv?.  Asforthisvafttr..c^.  of  Ground  in  gene- 
ral, ithnsthe  advantage  of  being  temperate  and  fruitful,  by  jeafon  of  k5 
great  aridhiir  rivers,  and  the  frclh  breezes  that  blow  in  the  Torrid  Zone, 
whereby  we  find  th.it  the  caufe  oi  violent  or  rcmifs  heats  does  nor  al- 
ways pioceed  fi'om  the  ncarncfs  or  diftancc  ot  the  Stm  -,   but  many 
times  from  the  Situation  of  the  p]ace,thc  difpoCi!  ol  the  JSlountaiiisor 
Lakes  the  Quality  of  the  Soiljaiid  the  Nature  of  the  \A'inds  that  blow. 

Tiie  Wealth  of  Amefica  is  fo  vaft,  that  Spain  lias  drawn,  and  ftill 
{{iCiWi,  from  thence prodiii'ious  quantities  of  Goid  and  Sitvcr,  aixl  the 
Mines  of /Vcy/  ha^'e  ilirniJhcd  him  with  many  Millions.  I'h.erc  are  no 
Treafurcs  comparable  to  tlicfc  related  to  bciOundin  ptflefiion  oL/htr,- 
/'  //'/'j^^'.and  Guimac.fpa,  Kings  ol  Ptru^And  to  the  precious  Houlbold-<]  ufr 
ci  the/Ciry  of  dtfco.     It  v.  as  no  extraordinary  thing  in  the  RcigJis  of 

■  **--/*.;i  ■■':'..-  .  .thole 


,y 


r  ^ 


5'44  ■>    '    Of   A  M  B  R  I  C  A.   ' 

thofe  Kings  to  behold  Temples  Vil  plated  with  Silver,  and  to  feeHoiifes, 
covered  with  flatcs  of  Gold.  The  Spaniards  affirnijthat  their  Kings  Re- 
venue amounts  to  above  twelve  Millions  yearly  by  means  of  the  Impo- 
fitioios  which  lies  upon  goods  traafported  thence,  as  Gold ,  Silver,. 
Pearls,  Emraulds,  Skirts,  Sugar,  Tobaco,  Cochenille,  Sarfa-parilla, 
Ginger,  and  other  things.  The  firft  Expence  upon  the  difcovery  of 
America jQdimt  but  to  fifteen  thoufand  Ducates,which  were  advanced  to 
Columbus  by  the  Spanijlj  Secretary  of  State,  and  not  taken  out  of  the 
Treafuries  of  the  King.  As  for  the  Original  of  this  People,  it  is  moft, 
probable,  that  they  did  defcend  from  the  Tartars,  if  fo  be  that  the 
Weft  fide  of  America  be  continent  with  J/ia,  or  disjoyned  but  by  a^ 
very  .fmall  ftrait,  as  'tis  defcribed  in  fome  Maps. 
,  But  from  whatfoevcr  Root  they  did  firft  come,  t:ertaln  it  is,  that 
they  had  fettled  here  many  Ages  fince,  and  overfpred  all  the  parts 
and  quarters  of  this  large  Continent. 

But  their  numbers  are  much  wafted  fince  the  Spaniards  difcovery  • 
for  fome  Authors  affirm,  that  they  put  to  death  above  ftften  Millions 
of  Natives  in  lefs  than  fifty  years,  and  that  the  blood  of  thofe  that 
periilied  in  the  Mines,  where  they  were  forced  to  labour,  weighed 
more  than  all  the  Gold  and  Silver  drawn  from  thence. 

At  the  firft  Aiivalof  the  Spaniards,  they  found  the  People  naked,, 
reafon.ibly  fair  and  clear,  little  inclining  unto  that  blacknefs  which  is 
natural  to  moft  of  the  Africans,  and  to  fome  of  the  Aftaticks  that  in- 
habit under  the  fame  Clime.  •  • 

Ignorant  they  were  of  all  things  they  had  feen,  wondering  exceed- 
ingly at  the  Spaniards  Shi^i^n^  Horfes,  and  ftrangely  admired  to  fee 
them  know  the  Health  and  afl^iirs  of  one  another  by  reading  a  Letter^ 
yet  'tis  reported,theM'A7V,r?wj  had  fome  knowledge  of  the  Deluge,-  that 
they  believed  the  Soul  could  not  die,  and  the  Body  fliould  revive,"  that 
thoie  that  lived  honeftly  and  juftly,  or  offered  up  their  Lives  for  de- 
fence of  their  Country,  fhould  find  a  place  of  everlafting  peace  and 
happinefs  .•  So  natural  is  the  knowledge  of  the  Souls  Immortality,  and 
of  fome  Vbi  for  the  future  reception  of  it. 

They  have  as  many  Languages  as  Towns,  which  may  be  the  reafon 
we  have  fo  little  knowledge  of  their  Original  :  They  are  naturally 
active,  fwift  Runners,  and  good  Swimmers. 

The  Mexicans  and  Veruam^  "were  the  only  Americans  th^t  lived  in  Ci- 
ties, which  Cities  tho'  founded  by  People  which  we  call  Savages,  wci  e 
no  way- inferior  to  ours  in  Europe,  either  for  bignefs  or  magnificence. 

The  Sj^miards  pofieis  the  largeft,  the  richeft,  and  the  mrft  fertile 
Provinces ;  among  the  reft  Mexico  and  Peru,  formerly  two  famous 
Kingdom:,;    the  fa  (i  Llcdivc  the  other  Hereditary,  and  Claim  it  all  as 

their 


""■Hiii 


mmmm 


gsRc- 

Impo- 
Silvei'j 
arilla^ 
i^ery  of 
ced  to 
of  the 
is  moft 
lat  the 
tby  g. 


Of   A  M  E  R  rC  A, 


S4S 

their  right,  by  Virtua  of  donation  of  Pope  Alexander  the  fixth,  in 
the  year  1 49  ; .  But  the  other  |Jations  would  not  give  their  confent. 
The  Portuguefei  have  the  Coaft  oiBrafiL  The  French  have  their  Colonies 
in  Canada  in  feveral  Iflands,  and  upon  the  firm  Land.  The  EngUJii  are 
fairly  feated  all  along  the  Coaft  ot  North  .^^wmV^,  and  in  the  Iflands. 
And  of  late  the  D«^o6have  gotten  many  places  on  the  Continent  and 
on  the  Iflands :  For  fo  rich  a  Prize  could  not  be  kept  by  the  Spaniards, 
who  hoped  indeed  to  have  had  a  Monopoly  of  fo  wealthy  a  Country, 
and  to  have  enjoyed  without  a  Rival  the  pofTeflionoffo  fair  aMiftrels. 

The  Seas  that  compafs  this  Continent  are^on  the  Eaft^that  common- 
ly called  the  North  Sea,  or  Mar  del  J^ort ;  on  the  Weft,  the  South  Sea, 
or  Mar  del  Zur,  and  on  that  part  which  hides  it  felf  under  the  Pole  of 
the  Erymanthean  Bear,  to  the  South  of  the  ftraits  of  Megelian,  the 
North  and  South  Seas  meet  and  embrace  together,  dividing  it  as  is 
fuppofed,  from  either  Pole. 

Divided  it  is  into  two  great  parts  or  Pemfula\  by  the  IJ^htms  of 
Panaf  la,  viz.  Mexicana  on  the  North,  and  Peruviana  on  the  South. 


^        0/"  Peruviana  or  South  America* 

THIS  part  of  the  two  great  Peninfulas,  into  which  the  vaft  Con- 
tinent of  the  New  World  doth  now  ftand  divided,  extends  it  felf 
from  about  the  twelfth  Degree  of  the  Equator  North,unto  the  four  and 
fiftieth  Southerly,  and  is  now  by  Geographers  divided  into  thefe  King- 
doms  or  Parts,  ^ulx,  Cafiella  del  Or,  by  fome  called  Terra  Firma,  Gui^ 
ana.  The  Amazjons,  Peru,  Chili,  Brajil,  Paraguay,  or  La  Plata,  and  Terra 
MageUanica. 

I  J  form  approaches  near  a  Triangle,  whofe  fides  are  almoft  equal. 

Its  fituation  is  for  the  moft  part  under  the  Torrid  Zone,  the  reft  un-, 
der  the  Antartick  tempc;rate  Zone. 

The  Coafts  of  this  part  of  the  World  are  in  part  known  to  us,  but 
the  Inlands  very  little.  _  '<^-., 

And  here  I  muft  beg  PnrdcMi  for  my  digreflion,  from  the  ufual  Order 
.md  Method  of  Geographers,  for  being  ncceifarily  oblig'd  to  wait 
upon  fome  of  ouvi North  American  Proprietors,  for  a  more  exacl  Dc- 
fcription  than  what  is  generally  extant :  And  the  haft  ot  the  J^cls 
*preiling  me  for  more  Work,  1  was  forced  to  take  this  Cburfe  to  begin  at 
fhe  moft  Southern  pan:  o^' America,  and  to  proceed  to  the  more  Nor- 
therly, «nd  ih  fiiiifh  this  Circle  of  Geogr.iphy.  Come  wc  therefore  to 

,    t  '.J.  |fc  ^        A  a  a  a  M/igvU„7;!c,i 


i?4< 


pfM  AG  ElL  Al^lC  A 


V. 


.■^       .-;«?'■ 


M^£J'^^»l^a  xies  upon  the  South  of  Jr»erka,  nc^s  the  Streight  of 
Magellan,  whofc  Name  it  ftill  retains,  though  fometimes  caU'd 
the  Country  of  the  Pj^r^r^j.  It  is  a  very  poor  Country,  andfubjedl  to 
cold,  by  reafon  of  the  high  Mountains,  where  the  Snow  lies  almoft 
a^l  the  year  As  for  the  Natives,  they  live  in  Caves,  and  aUe  the 
Devil,  that  he.  may  do  them  no ,  harm.  The  Svamards ,  EnM  and 
Dmb  have  given  Various  Nam^  to  theplaces  where  they  have-^been. 

built  CtvidaddelRey  Phdtffe,  and  feveral  oilier  Forts  upon  the  Faftern 
Entrance  m  the  Straits  of  Magellan,  to  hinder  their  Enemies  from  paf- 

fing. 


•f 


***., 


..,j2ai..iii:i 


jff^mmm 


wmm""^ 


■■■■■IB 


mmm 


ting  that  way  ,•  biit  all  figriilied  little  or  nottiing^bdcaifeo^  wiHie- 
ne§  of  the  Streight.and  the  <vhole  Colony  peri/h*d  for  want  of  pro- 
vhlons.  For  which  reafon  that  City  was  afterwards  called  the  Portif 
Hunger.  Port  Saint  Julian,  where  Magellan  winter'd,  and  punilKed 
his  Mutineers.  PoftDeJtre  upon  the  Ealtern  Coaft  :  This  Port,  other- 
wife  called  Bay  de  los  Irdbayosy  has  Vin  entrance  about  half  a  League 
broad,  with  two  little  Iflandsjand  two  Rocks,  which  are  not  to  befeen 
at  high  Water.  The  Soil  is  a  white  Sand  without  Trees.  However 
there  is  frefh  Water,  of  which  the  Ships  provide  themfelves  that  are 
bound  toward  the  Streight.  Magellan,  Drake ^  Cavendifh^  Oliver  of  the 
'North,  Maire,  Schouton,  andt>ther$  have  all  palled  tlieif^mc  Streight. 

The  Relations  6f  the  Spaniards  siffiiin,  that  there  are  Men  there,  teiji 
foot  liigh.  Thofe  Relations  add,  Denu-Giants,that  will  carry  each  of 
them  a  Tun  of  Wine,  &c.  They  call  them  fatagom.  The  ^ngU^  vvho 
lately  pafled  the  Magellan  Streight  report  things  quite  contrary,  ah4 
fay,  that  the  Natives  of  that  Country  are  no  bigger  thanVur  Europehns^' 

In  the  y  e;gr  1 669.his  Majefty  oi Great  Britain,  his  ^oyal  Highnefs  jjhe 
Duke  oi  rorl,arid  feveral  other's  of  the  Nobilky,  deligneH  a  better  <Ji^o*. 
very  of  the  Southern  part  of  CM'rln  ©rder  whereunto  were  Lwo  S^ips 
fent  but,  the  one  called  the  ^w^ecp/^^w^under  the  Conduit  of  the  adven- 
turous and  vi^orthy-commandera  Sir  jdhh,Naryorough,zti'i  the  other  thf 
£<?fc/jJor,whb  prbefeeding  oh  their  Voyage,hear  the  Streights  oiMage'lf- 
Ian,  abput  A/o  S.  Julian,  Ibfing  one  the  other,  t\iQ  fiat cjoelo'r  r^turnecj 
home  with  an  apprehenfion  that  his  Cdnfort  was  loft  :  Butcontrarily 
the  Sweepfiakes  veiy  honourably  proceeded  oti  her  Voyage  ,•  paiTea 
through  the  Streights  into  Mar  del  Zur,  and.  failed  all  along  the 
Coaft  of  thili  unto  Baldivia,  which  is  under  the  Command  of 
the  Spaniards,  who  by  a  pretended  friendfiii^  betrayed  and  detained 
four  of  the  Englijh,  all  endeavors  ofSivJobn  lor  their  Relief  being  in* 
effetftualjhe  was  forced  to  leave, them  behind,  and  fo  he  returned  back 
through  the  Streights  and  in  June  1671.  came  to  London,  giving  great 
hopes  and  expectation  of  a  very  advantagous  Trade  in  thdfe  Parts,  by 
reafon  of  the  abundance  of  Gold  and  Silver  in  that  Country.  Out  of 
whofe  Journals  I  have  taken  thefe  following  Memorials,  That  the  dif- 
ference of  Longitude  from  St.  Jago  to  Venguln  Ifland  was  46^  ;om, 
and  Meridian  diftant  wasz;2^  Miles  4  Seals  Bayln  T,atitude  8^^  r^-fn.- 
at  the  North  end  of  this  Bay  was  a  Rocky  Ifland  full  of  Seals,  there- 
fore called  Seals  Bay. 

In  Spiring  Bay  li«  three  Rocky  Iflands.  .  -• 

On  the  North  lidc  of  Spring  Bay,  Tengmn  Ifland  about  ;i  Mile 
and  a  half  iioni  the  Main,  lo  full  o^ L'engimis,i\vA\.  riicy  knocked  them 
down  with  lUcks,  and  are  about  the  bignefs  of  a  Goofc,  they  cannot 

^  A  a  a  a  2  f.y. 


548 


Of  MAG  £  L  L  An  r  C  A. 


,..■?»> 


//■^ 


fly,  nor  go  very  Eift,  having  no  Wings  but  fmall  Stumps  that  they 
fvvim  with,  that  they  get  their  Food  out  of  the  Sea. 

Fort  Defire  lies  in  the  Latitude  47d  ;omj  and  from  St,  J  ago  4^6  A  38m 
Longitude,  where  is  fix  Fathom  Water^  at  low  Water  Northward  *• 
O^Tort  Defire  there  lies  a  League  of  RockSjand  are  about  a  Leaguefrom 
the  Shore  :  And  on  the  South-fide  is  Teniuin  Ifland,  and  juft  at  the 
entrance  of  it,on  the  South  fide,  is  a  fpired  Rock,  much  like  a  Steeple 
or  Watch  Tower,  which  is  a  good  Mark,  and  ftands  about  |  a  Mile 
from  the  Sea  fide,  and  the  River  runs  up  about  thirty  Miles':  A  bar- 
ren Land,  little  Wood,  or  frefli  Water,  and  no  People  were  {tQn  by 
the  Engliffi :  There  were  great  ftore  of  .Weyetnacks  or  Spanijh  Sheep,* 
plenty  of  Hares  and  Eftriches  ,*  abundance  of  Ducks,  Mallards,  alio 
Ducks,Curlews,  Black-flianks,White-breafts,and  great  blew  Ducks  as 
big  as  Geefe,  and  ftore  of  Seals ;  upon  an  IflandJ  up  the  River,  the 
Efiglijh  found  a  piece  of  Lead  nailed  to  a  Poft,  and  a  Tin-Box  with  a 
Paper  left  by  Captain  Jagus  Lamir,  6a.ted  December  8.  161  y.  It  is 
high  Water  at  twelve  of  the  Clock  upon  the  full  Moon  or  Change  ^ 
and  at  Spring  Tides  it  ebbs  and  Flows  about  three  Fathoms  r'ght  up 
and  down  j  die  Harbors  mouth  is  but  narow,  being  about  a  liusket-; 
/hot  from  fide  to  fide. 

Porp  Julian  lies  in  the  Latitude  49'Jbon^  ..Jt  Mile  withift  the  Narrow, 
theireis  nine  Fathom  Water  at  high  Water,andbut  four  Fathom  at  low 
Water ;  the  Chanel  going  in  lies  S.  W.  and  N.  E.  and  when  in  the  Har- 
bor it  lies  S.  S.  W.  and  N.  N.  E.  Tis  high  Water  at  half  an  hour  paft 
eleven  at  Full  Moon,  or  at  Change,  the  Water  rifeth  and  falls  about 
lour  Fathoni  and  a  half.  In  the  Harbor  there  are  feveral  Iflands  and 
alfo  two  Ponds  without  a  Bow-fliot  of  the  Water-fid'e,  tlie  one  is  Salt^ 
Water,  the  other  Fre/h.  The  Harbor  affords  great  ftore  cf  Wild  Fowl, 
as  at  Tort  Defire :  And  the  Land,  Wcyetnackf,  Fi,ftriches,  Hares,  &c. 
Here  were  feen  five  or  fix  Indians ^  and  about  nine  Miles  W.  from  the 
Harbors  Mouth  was  found  a  great  large  Salt  Pond  full  of  good  Salt. 
about  three  Miles  long,  and  one  Mile  in  Breadth. 
•  Beach  Head  in  Latitude  yod  opm^  from  which  about  ten  Miles  lies 
the  Hill  of  St.  Ives. 

Cape  Virgin  in  Latitude  jd  ij-m  South  Latitude  ,•  from  the  pitch  of 
this  Cape  S.  TV.  there  lies  a  Bencliy  Po^nt,  about  a  League  into  the 
Sea_,  that  has  litrV*  Bufiies  growing  upon  the  top  thereof. 

The  -iiit  Narrow  of  the  Magellan  Streights,  which  is  about  three 
Leagues  in  length,  and  in  the  jiaTOWcft  part  about  one  League  ov^r: 
The  Water  deep,  no  grou^nd  with  forty  fathom  of  Line :  At  the 
Mouth  ofthe  entrance,  it  was  high  Water  at  eight  oftheGlcck  on  the 
Jull  Moon,  and  on  the  Change.  The  dittance  between  the  firll  and 

fecondf 


0/  M  AG  E  L  LA  iTI  C  A.  ^     549 

fecond  Narrow  is  about  ten  Leagues ,  and  in  breadth  about  fix 
Leagues. 

The  fecond  Narrow  is  about  three  Leagues  in  length ,  and  four  or    • 
five  Miles  broad,  in  which  were  Queen  £//2ie^(?r/ys  Ifland,  upon  which 
were    i^Qn.   thirty   Indians. ,  St.  Georges  Bland ,    St.   Bartholeme-ivs    • 
Iflandj  &c. 

About  Vort  Famine,  the  Hills  are  very  high,  and  covered  Avith 
Snow  'y  but  the  Land  towards  the  Water  fide  was  lower,  and  full  of  , 
good  Timber  Trees. 

In  Fortefcus  Bay,  or  Tort  Gallant ^  Water  floweth  ten  Foot^  and  'tis 
high  Water  about  ten  of  the  Cloelc  on  the  Full  Moon.  .  ;^ 

About  Cape  Mnnday  was  obferved  fixteen  or  feventeen  Degrees 
Variation,  and  is  about  thirteen  Leagues  from  Cape  Defire. 

The  EngUni  went  up  Segars  River  by  Boat  about  nine  Miles,  and 
two  by  Land,  but  could  lee  no  Inhabitants.' 

From  Cape  Blanco  to  the  Lizard,  the  difference  of  Longitude  was 
found  to  be  6od  4^01(5 and  Meridian  diftance  eight  hundred  and 
forty  Leagues. 

The  Weft  Entrance  of  the  Streights  o^  Magellan  is  ygd  of  South 
Lat.  and  the  Eaft  Entrance  lies  in  fzd  20m  ;  The  length  is  an  hun- 
dred and  ten  Leagues.  The  breadth  in  (bme  places  two  Leagues,  in 
others  not  two  Miles  over  ,  and  is  famous  fur  the  pallage  ot  Magel- 
lan y  Drake,  Cavendijhy  Oliver ,  Van  'North,  Scouten,  &c. 

There  is  another  paflage  between  ':be  South  Scajandthe  Atlantick 
Gcean,caird  Fretum-laMaireyfound out  in  tbe  year  161  y.  much  more 
convenient  than  the  former,  being  about  ten  or  twelve  Leagues  of 
length  and  breadth  ,  and.  then  a  large  Sea  formerly  fuppofed  to  be 
Terra  Attfiralls  or  Terra  Incognita. 

That  o^  Brewers  difcovered  in  the  year  1643.  ^^^  ^^^ '  i^nQ  ad- 
vantages as  that  of  L^  A/^/Ve-. 


CIr' 


'fjjii 


Sio 


i  .*'**'■  '■  w' 


Of  cum 


CI  Hi// bears  the  Name  of  one  of  her  Valleys,  though^  fome  fay  ^k  is 
4  fo  calle<l  by  reafon  of  the  Col<l  Weather  in  the  Mouritains,which 
environ  it  tow.ird  the  North  and  Baft.  The  difficulty  of  paffing 
through  th^lb  Mountains  obliges  the  Spaniards  to  go  by  Sea^  when 
they  have  bulinefs  at  Chili.  They  have  poflcfled  it  ever  fince  the 
\iear  i  s'5'4.  at  which  time  they  conquered  it  under  one  ofthQyilmirgres. 
in  {Q\\}ii  parts  of  this  Country  the  Soil  is  ^  fertile  and  oleaiant,  that 
no'part  of  ail  America  more  refem.bles  Em-op,  li  3ieUl3  rjlhiclies.  Cop- 
per, the  fineft  Gold  in  the  World  j  and  the  c  are  fo  many  Mines,that 
Chili  isReckon'dbut  one  plaLe  of  Gold,  which  makes  the  King  o{  Spain 
take  more  than  ordinary  care  for  its  prefervaticn.  So  that  ir cells  him 
■more  to  defend  that  place,  than  all  the  rell  oiJmricn.     The  Cold  is 

hovvcver 


T.  6f 


o/c 


HILL 


^T^ 


however  fo  exceflivCj  that  Almagre  loft  more  men  and  Horfes  by  the 
Cold,  than  by  the  Swovd  ^  at  the  end  of  four  Months  after  he  invaded 
itj  the  Inhabitants  found  fome  of  his  Horfemen  that  were  dead,  and 
fat  in  a  living  pofture_,  as  frdh  as  if  they  had  but  newly  taken  Horfe: 
Their  Rivers  riin  only  in  the  day , being  frozen  all  the  night  long,  not- 
withftanding  there  are  feveral  Mountains  that  caft  forth  Fire.  The  Sfa- 
niards.hs.vQ  a.  Governor  there,  who  is  under  the  Vice-Roy  of  Peru.  The 
Savages  being  governed  by  their  Captains.  The  Arau^ttes  above  all 
the  reft  made  mch  a  refiftance,  that  the  Spaniards  were  forced  to  make 
a  Peace  with  them  in  the  Year  1 641 .  In  all  America  there  are  no  People 
more  Valient  or  more  Warlick  than  thofe./^?-^«^«tf  J :  They  know  how 
tp  make  Swords,  Muskets,  arid  CuiralTes  ^  as  alfo  how  to  range  them- 
selves in  Battle,to  fight  retreating,to  encamp  to  advantage,to  fortify  and 
to  ufe  Stratagetms,'  all  which  they  learn  by  having  feen  but  once.  They 
have  often  furpriz'd  and  ruin'd  Cities,  maflacred  Garifons,  and  de- 
moliftied  th^  FortrelTes  Araucho,  Turen ,  and  Tu-CapeL  In  fliort  ,  an , 
Araujue  will  not  be  afraid  at  any  time  to  encounter  a  Spaniards 

St.  Jagd,  LaConceptidJunA  Imperiak  are  the  prin$:ipal  Cities  oi  Chili. 
LaConceptio  is  the  Reficlence  of  the  Governor,  by  reafon  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  the  Arattqucs^  Falpariafo  is  ani  excellent  Port  for  the  City^ 
of  St.  Jago.  MQ(;ha,  five  Leagues  from  the  Continent,  is  a  little  Ifland 
upon  the  Coaft,  where  the  Ships  oft-times  take  in  freik  Water,  and  whi- 
tjier  many  of  the  Inhabitants  retired  from  thecruelty  of  the  Spaniards. 

La  Sarena,takQn  and  fired  by  the  Bttccaniers.  It  hadfeven  Church-r 
es,  and  one  Chappel,  tlie  Houfes  neatly  furniftied.  In  the  Gar- 
dens were  Strawberries  as  big  as  Walniuts.    .  v- 

At  Ifle  de  Juan  Fernandeziy  in  Lat.    ;  5^  40m  neither  Fowl  nor  Fifb. . 

At  ElCuafco  the  Buccaniers  got  ftore  ot  Sheep  and  Goats,Lat.28d  40m, 
Near  Point  St.  /ie/«»<?  is  a  Rock  which  runeth  into  the  Water  fo*- 
half  a  Mile,  diftant  about  eight  Leagues^called  CZ><«»^/^?y,  where  many 
Ships  are  loft.  , 


0/ Paraguay  Rio  de  la  Plata. 

1HE  Name  of  Plata  iscommon  to  the  Country,  and  to  .1  great  Ri- 
JL  ver  that  waters  it,  'twas  given  thereunto  in  conlideration  of  the. 
Mines^and  the  Silver  which  they  hrft  got  from  thence.  The  Country 
is  very  plealant  and  delightkd,  for  it  abounds  in  Corn,  Vineyards,, 
Fruit-trees  and  Cattle  in  abundance.  Affimption  is  the  chief  Place  in 
tiie  Country,where  the  Spaniards  keeps  a  GaJifon ,  near  to  wl-.ich  is  a>: 


t  ■. 


K 


*^  I 


glCAH- 


'-.m 

>.  ,  • 

■  ."' 

Ik 

y 

552.         .  Of  L  A    P  L  AT  A. 

great  Lake  in  the  middle  whereof  is  a  great  Rockjfaid  to  be  two  Fathom 
'above  the  Water.  The  true  Varagnay  Hes  toward  the  head  of  the  River, 
that  bears  the  fame  name,which  in  pur  Language  fignifies  the  River 
of  Feathers.  Parana  lies  along  by  the  River  fide,  wherein  there  arc 
Catarads  or  falk-of  Water  above  a  hundred  Cubits  high.  Buenos  Aeres 
is  one^oftheheft  ColonieSj  by  reafon  of  its  Commerce  with  fir^/j/^ 
from  whence  it  receives  the  Merchandizes  of  Europe:  Wliich  is  the 
r-e.4fon,  that  invites  the  Spaniards  thither  from  Potofi  to  exchange  their 
Ingots  for  fuch  neceffaries  as  they  want  j  notwithftanding  the  rigorous 
Prohibitions  of  their  King,  whofe  duties  are  loft  by  that  means. 
Chaco  is  a  Fruitful  Country  interlaced  with  many  Rivers.  "ThQlTohare's 
were  about  fifty  thoufand,  and  a  valiant  People*  The  Chiraguants  will 
HOt  fufFer  th6  Spaniards  to  live  among  them.  In  this  Country  grow 
great  Tte^s  oFwhich  the  Natives  make  Boats  all  of  a  piece.  They 
mark  out  their  Highways  by  the  fellings  of  their  Trees  ,•  and  in  regard 
thefe  Trees  are  fome  blacky  fome  green,  fome  red,  fome  yellow  the 
Forefts  afford  a  pleafant  profped.  .  / 

The  Orchans  are  remarkable  for  the  bignefs  of  their  Ears.  Accord- 
ing to  the  relations  of  the  year  1627.  there  are  in  Plata,  a  more  ci- 
viliz'd  People^  and  more  capable  to  learn  our  Arts,  and  our  Reli- 
gion^thanin  all  the  other  parts  o^  America :  For  they  fay,that,accord- 
ing  to  a  Tradition  delivered  to  their  Fathers  by  St.  Thomas ,  whom 
they  call  St.  Sume,  certain  Priefts  fliall  come  into  their  Country  an^ 
inftuA  them  in  the  way  of  their  Salvation. 

Tuctman  is  a  very  temperate  Country,  interdivided  with  feveral  Ri- 
vers wjhich  having  water'd  the  Plains,  fall  into  the  great  River  ofPla- 
The  Inhabitants  are  docible,  lovei's  of  Peace  rather  than  War  • 


ta. 


So  that  that  the  Spavifli  Captain,  that  fubdu'd  them  had  no  great  need 
of  any  confiderable  force  for  that  purpofe.  They  have  many  Cities 
where  they  live  un^er  the  Jurifdidlion  of  the  Caciques  ^  and  their 
Wealth  confifts  rather  in  Cattle  than  Mines.  The  Spaniards  have 
a  Governor  there  and  the  Principal  City  is  St.  Jago  dc  Efiro  in  the 
mid-way  between  Bumos  Ayres  and  Potofi.  Then  St.  Miguel  de  Tu- 
<.umen.  N.  S,  de  Talevera  on  the  River  Salada.  Corduba  on  the  Road 
from  Bucvos  Ayras  and  Patofi^  and  from  SanUa  Fee  to  St.  Jago  in  Chili. 
The  ^irandies  to  the  Meridional  part  partake  apparently  of  tl^j  Sci- 
thian  humor  :  For  they  live  in  Huts ,  that  move  upon  Wheels,  and 
-have  always  made  great  refiftance  againft  the  Spaniards.  The  Trapa- 
tandsjy  tha  Juries  J  and  Diaquites  ArQthQ  mofy  famous. 

'  '      :  -.  ''■'^'' 

\:    '     '      '    ;:•,  '  Brajil 


OfB  R  AS  I  LB. 


'%-^iJ 


f« 


BKaftiz  was  calleclthe  Country  of  the^<?^  Cro^s^  When  It  was  firft 
difcoveredj  which  was  in  the  year  Tyb  i .  in  the  name  of  the  King 
o{ Portugal,  it  extends  it  felf  all  along  upon  the  Noith  Sea^  toward  the 
North  aud  Eaft  ,  with  great  Rocks  near  the  fliore  under  Water  ,•  the 
diftanct  s  bet  'ccn  which  make  feveral  good  Ports :  The  bounds  therepf 
toward  V  the  W  tk  are  not  known ;  The  Southern  bounds  are  varioully 
placcti,  acccTfun.^  to  the  WiWs o^Portugals  anAthQ Spaniards }  for  both 
the  ore  and  tiie  c  cher  interpret^according  to  their  own  fenfe^the  Regu- 
latiug:!  that  was  made  in  the  year  1493,  and  both  claim  the  pofTemon 
of  tb^lUverof  P/<?^<?,  and  the  Molucca  IHaixAs,  making  to  that  efFeft 

Bbbb  G^ograpliical 


,  \.,.- 


>^'^' 


.....^        :*.±'-^.--. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


1"  ^^^^^ 

IIM 

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1. 

IIM 

t»Ut. 

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1.6 

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Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  we:t  ^.AIN  street 

WEBSTEU  NY    MS80 

(716)  8:.-  4jf^? 


f/j 


^mmfm 


'"^;.4 


S$4  ef  :S\Ri,AS^Jil^S 

Geographical  Maps  to  their  own  advantage.  By  this  Regulation  !/^/w- 
ander  the  fixth  (whom  Sixfifs  the  Fifth  extols  for  one  of  the  three 
greateft  Popes  of  the  Church)  invefted  FtrMnandKing  oiArrazony 
and  l[ahtl  Queen  oiCaftiU  his  Wife,  in  all  the  Lands  to  the  Weft  of 
an  Imaginary  Line,  drawn  from  one  Pole  to  the  other,  oner  hundred; 
Leagues  beyond  the  Ifles  oiAtores,    What  was  difcovered  to  the  Eaft 
of  tlus  Line,  was  to  belong  to  the  King  oiTortttgal ;  the  difficulty, 
was  to  put  it  in  execution  j  fbron.the  one  fide,  theO/ZZfwiu.begarL 
to  count  thefe  hundred  Leagiiesfroto  the  moft  Occidental  partrof  the^ 
Azores ;  and  the  Pcrf^^c/ejreckon'd  from  tjie  moft  Oriental,  with  the 
defign  to  exchange  the  Defarts  of  ^;wer/V4,  for  the  poffeffion  of  the 
wealthy  Moluccas,  which  were  afterwards  engaged  to  their  King  by. 
the  Emperor  Charles  the  Fifth,  for  three  hundred  and  fifty  thouiani 
Duckets.    At  length,becaufe  thefe  two  Nations  could  no  more  agree 
in- this  Particular  than  in  many  others,. die  Por/»^<»/i  accounted  Brafik 
iall  that  which  extends  from  the  River  Maranhaon,  to  the  River  of 
'Plata  Southward,*  and  the  Spaniards  placed  the  Southern  hounds, 
thereof  at  Cape  St.  Vincents. 

Tho'  Brafik  lie  un<ier  the  Torrid  Zont,  neverthelefs  the  Air  is  tem- 
.perate,  and  the  Water  thebeft  in  the  World  ffo  that  the  People  live 
pften  to  the  Age  of  an  hundred  and  fifty  years.     Befides  Brafile,  the 
-  Country  produces  Amber,  Balfom,  Tobaco,Tfain-Oil,C^ttle,Sweet- 
meats,  above  all  things  Sugar  in  abundance.    The  neighbourhood  of 
Tlata  gives  the  Portuguefes  grcAt  opportunities  of  fucking  the  Sfaniards 
Sil\  er  from  Vent.    There  are  in  Bra^le  living  Creatures,  Trees,  Fruits, 
and  Roots  not  to  be  found  any  where  elfe.    The  Serpents,  Adders, 
•  and  Toads  have  no  Poifon  in  themj^  and  therefore  the  Natives  feed, 
upon  them.  The  Plains  are  deftin'dfor  Sugar,the  Hills  for  Wood,  the 
Valleys  for  I'obacco,  fr)r  Fruits  and  Maridroche,  which  is  a  certain 
Root,  of  which  they  make  Bread.    The  moft  part  of  the  Villages  do 
not  contain  above  an  hundred  or  fixfcore  Houfes. .  The  Coaft  of 
Br^file  is  divided  into  fevecjd  0//V/«wVi,  whjch  belong  at  this  day  all 
to  the  PortMgals,    The  Fw«»had  formerly  fomething  to  do  there  ; 
but  the  Hollanders  \o&a\\  their  footing  in  the  year  i6^i{..  their  Wars 
with  £»e^^»^^  not  permitting  diem  to  fend  any  relief  ^  and  the  For- 
tugajs  being  far  more  numerous,  than  they,    Nevertheleft  in  the  year 
J&62.  the  Portugals  treated  with  them  to  allow  them  Ibme  damages, 
to  preferve  their  friendftiip,  when  they  were  .:o  defetid  themfelves 
agajnft  the  Spaniards,    Among  all  the  Captanies  Tamartca  is  the  moft 
aiitient.  though  the  fmalleft.  Fer»^»^«<:ois  efteemedthe  Terreftial  Pa- 
lCi^6>I>y  xeafoA  of  the  beauty  ofit$  Soil    ^bindi  Todos  ks  Santos 
/"  '  Swains 


mmm 


•-<^  &  S  ^  l^'/^L-k 


\'Y 


contains  the  City  of  San  Salvador,  the  Refideftce  of  the  Govtfiior, 
which  was  taken  in  1624.  by  the  HoUantUrs,  v/ho  got  fo  much 
Plunder  there,  that  every  Common  Soldier  had  for  his  fhare  above 
fifteen  thoufand  Crowns  .•  But  this  goo^  Fortune  was  the  caufe  of 
their  retreat,  and  their  retrieat  gave  the  Tortugals  opportunity  to  re*« 
take  it.  The  Cafitania  of  Bm  Janeiro,  which  the  Savages  call  64- 
nahara,  is  a  great  Rendevouz  for  Ships  by  means  of  a  navigable  Ri- 
ver, or  rather  an  Arm  of  the  Sea;  that  runs  up  tenor  twelve  Leagues 
into  the  Land,  fome  feven  or  eight  Leagues  broad.  In  the  year  165:8. 
a  Silver  Mine  was  found  in  that  Cafitania,  That  o£San  Vmcenf 
contains  Mines  of  Gold  and  Silver.  The  City  of  Santos  is  able  to 
harbor  Veffels  of  four  hundred  Tuns  in  its  Port,  in  the  year  1591.  it 
was  aiHiulted  by  Sir  TTaomins  Cavendijh, 

The  People  of  Brajile  go  naked  tor  the  moft  part,  and  will  croft 
great  Rivers  by  the  help  of  a  Pannier  and  a  Cord.  The  Chief  are 
the  Toufmambousy  Les  Margajas,  Tafuyus,  and  others  who  differ  in 
Manners  and  Languages, "and  are  generally  diftinguiflied  by  the 
wearing  of  their  hair.  They  were  more  numerous  before  the  com- 
ing of  the  Portugalsy  but  feveral  Toufmambous,  to  preferve  their  liber- 
ty, crolTed  the  great  Defarts,  and  went  to  live  near  the  River  Ma^ 
ranabon.  The  Tapuj/es  are  more  difficult  to  be  civilized  than  the 
Btajilianf,  which  inhabit  the  Aldees,  The  Aldees  are  certain  VU- 
lages,  which  contain  not  above  fix  or  feven  Houfes,  but  very  large, 
and  able  to  contain  five  or  fix  hundred  Perfons.  The  moft  part  of 
the  Inhabitants  oiBraftk  have  fo  well  defended  themfelVes,  that,  not- 
withftanding  the  Wars  they  have  had  among  themfelves,  they  have 
however  hindered  the  Europeam  from  making  any  progrefs  in  the 
Conquefts  of  their  Lands.  And  have  alfo  feveral  times  ruined  the 
Plantations  and  Engines  belonging  to  the  Sugars-works  that  are 
upon  tlie  Coaft. 


t  '    i/!I 


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''  '■  ''.'f-^^C 


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TH5 


-.'•'•■-:  :;:.^'jfe- 


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mmm 


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mmmm^ 


^^^^^tmmn  ^ipp«7»wii»H^o^-- 


QffheAMAZO  NJS. 


r^- 


'^ 


THE  River  Amazcne  is  the  greateft  and  fwifteft  River  iny^<r;V<j(. 
It  begins  at  the  foot  of  the  Corz/e/t'er  Mountains  eight  or  ten 
teagues  from  ^/V* :  From  its  Springs ,  to  its  approaches  to 
the  Sea,  is  according  to  its  courfe  eleven  or  twelve  hundred 
Leagues,  at  its  mouth  it  is  fifty  or  fixty  Leagues  wide :  It  is  Inha- 
bite?  by  abundance  ofPeople,andreceives  an innumera)>leCon»any 
of  Rivers.  The  Voyages  of  Texeira  tells  us,  that  the  (Countries  about 
the  Jmaz^ne  eiyoy  a  temperate  Air.  That  the  Annual  Inundations, 
like  to  thofe  of  Nile,  the  great  quantity  of  Trees  and  Forefts,  that  the 
pleafantnefs  of  their  Fruits,  the  Verdure  of  their  Herbs,  and  the  beau-. 
ty  of  their  Flowers,  give  refreflwnent  and  delights  to  the  Inhabitants 

all  the  year  long« 

^         ^  That 


'.vj 


ZTir^-'  -^j?w;,"x~»-.  • '  "ii,pwiir^»ii«|([)ppiBPjnilP(|ipin^ 


^Kmrn^mmmmimmm 


Of  ?  B  KV. 


S5f 


That  'tis  a  Country  fertile  in  Grains,  rich  in  Pafturcs/  fiili  with 
Rivers  and  Lakes,  ftored  with  delicate  Fifh  and  Tortife,  that  their 
jHoney  is  Medicinal,  their  BaTm  excellent  for  Wounds  ,•  that  they 
have  inexliauftible  quantities  of  Ebony  and  Brazil,  ftoreofC^fo^ 
an^Tobaco,  plenty  of  Sugar  Canes,  saidRocm  for  the  dying  of 
Sciarleti  befwes  Gold^  Silver,  and  other  Metals^  which  are  found 

>Jhat  they  oWerve  an  hundred  and  fifty  different  l>Jations  upon 
andabou^the  Banks  of  the  Amazme,  of  which  the  H0m<i^»  are 
excellent  for  their  Manufedures  of  Cotton  Cloath.  The  Crojhares 
for  their  Earthen  Veffels;  The  Sarines  for  their  Joynaigr  Work. 
ThQ^T(finafmikts  for  their  power.  V-  .,?i--  '  ;r--^ri- 

ii,^,>A&  iotth^  Afnazmian  WomQn,  from  whence  it  is  pretended  this. 
jRiver  took  its  name,  many  ahd.ftrange  Relations  have  been  writ  of 
idiem.  Am  can  find,  of  it  is,  that  when  the  Inhabitants  were  in 
Amis,  at  the  arrival  of  the  Sfaniards^  there  were  feme  Women  fo 
<;ouragious  as  to  be  amongft  them,  but  never  any  Country  .of  fuch> 
and  therefore  as  fabulous,  as  thofe  of  whom  the  Gr«^  have  f^mer^ 
ly  writfil^h;Wonders,^        -V;    ^''C  ^t    ^/i^v^:^;:;^:^;,^^H«^^^^r 


**fe^ 


.?iS.-;f,..>-.^.. 


V- 


<f' 


'  t<i« 


!l  -A^-: 


7^ 

7-..  A  ;-;:.,.        .;iV.:r>i, 

'';         


',.. "  I  .J"  'I.    ;,' 


•  i  ... 


r   .    r  1  ^ 


,".  -jij*".' 


T  E  K  V:. 


:AjJft*W.r.i>* 


rv.'. 


'if'  *. 


ERUisi  name  fo  remarkable,  that,  under  the  fame,many  timesv 

aUtheotherpartsof  Southern  ^wwVtf  are  comprehended,*  It  lies. 

almoft  all  under  the  Torrid.  Zone  ^.  and  yet  it  has  not  the  qualities  of 
the  Countries  in  our  llemifphere,  that  lie  under  the  fame  Zone, 
There  are  in  it  three  forts  of  Countries,  very  difftrent  the  one  from, 
the  other,  the  Plain,  the  Hill,  and  the  >^Ww.    The  plain  lies  npar 
the  Sea,  nothing  delightfel,  being  Sandy,  and  fubjed  to  Earth- 
quakes.    The  hilly  Country  corSifts  of  Vallies,  Hills  and  Mbun- 
tains,  where  it  is  very  cool.    The  Jndesy  where  it  almoft  continu- 
ally rains,  are  very  high  Mountains,  yet  fertile  and  well  peopled. 
The  plain  is  not  above  twelve  Leagues  broad,  the  Hilly  Country 
tvt/enty  ;  and  the  jindes  as  broad  as  that.    So  that  under  the  name 
o£Peru  are  comprehended  more  Lands  than  are  fubdued  bytho;' 
Spaniards, 
The  Spaniards  have  a  Vice-Roy  in  that  Country,  where  yhey  have^ 


mk 


^^ 


■m 


^^■%- 


VjS 


Of  T  E  R  V. 


pftfttcularly  fortified  ^rica  j  being  the  place  where  the  Merchan^ifes 
df  Lima,  and  the  Weahh  of  Potoji  are  brought.  They  invaded  this 
Kingdom  under  Vis^ano,  in  the  year  152 y.  But  the  Civil  Wars  that 
cnfued,  hindered  for  fometimethe abfoluteConqueftofitheCountry. 
The  hdims  that  cannot'defendthemfelves  pay  Tribute.  The  King  of 
Spain  receives  vaft  Treafures  out  of  the  Mines  of  P«r«.  -FoFthepiid- 
cipal  Cities  are  full  of  it,and  the  very  Earth  is  oftentimes  nothingSut 
Gold  ami  Silver :  So  that  .Pern  is  certainly  the  richeft  Country  in  the 
World.  And  it  is  reported,  that  the  Spaniards  made  above  twenty 
Millions  of  DiiCates  of  tfhfiir  Voyage  thither.  : -.,,^.m> 

The  Ways  ai*  fo  fecure  from  Robbery,  that  four  Muiqueteers 
ferve  for  a  ConvdV,  for  thre^  or  four  thoufands  Ducates. 

The  Inca's  were  Hereditary  Kings  of  Per«/or  above  three  hundred 
years  before  the  Invaiidn  of  the  Spaniards,  They  had  made  there  two 
High-ways,*  the  one  along  the  Plain,  where  it  required  an  extraordi- 
nary Expence  to  fettle  the  Sand,  riie  other  over  the  Mountain  ,• 
where  it  was  as  necelTar^  to  fill  up  the  Valleys.  Thefe  High-ways 
wereevei-y  one  of  them  five  hundred  Leagues  in  length  j  and  upon  the 
joad  flood  Houfes,  whither  Travellers  were  carried  and  entertained  by 
the  Natives  upon  freecoft.  The  fame  Inca's  had  alfo  reared  Temples 
to  the  Sun,  to  the  Moon,  and  to  the  Stars,  which  they  call  Ladies  ar- 
tendingthe  Moon  ;  to  Ligiitning,  Thunder,  and  Thunder  bolts  ,•  and 
to  the  Rain-bow,  which  they  faidexecuted  the  Sun's  Juftice.  It  is  re- 
ported, that  their  polities  were  not  unlike  thofe  of  the  Greeh  aj^  Ro^ 
fnans  ,•  that  their  Government  was  mild,  free  and  liberal :  And  that 
they  divided  the  Earth  into  three  parts,  the  firft  high,  the  fecqnd  low 
and  the  third  under  ground,fignifying  Earth,  Heaven  and  Helf.  ^taha" 
Jippa,  who  was  one  of  tho(e  Kings,  faid.  That  the  Tope  was  not  a  Wife 
Man,  to  give  away  that  which  was  none  (fhis  own,  ana  that  f^  his  part 
he  had  more  n  ifon  toperftr  the  Divinity  of  the  S«»,  than  of  a  Man  that 
»as  Crucified.  He  alfo  threw  away  a  Breviary,  which  they  prefented,  be 
caufe  it  fpoke  never  a  word  of  Chrift,  of  whom  they  told  him  it  re- 
lated great  things.  .  This  unfortunate  Prince  being  defeated  and 
taken  by  the  Spaniards  at  Caxamalca,  ofFer'd  for  his  liberty  as  much 
Gold  as  could  be  heaped  up  halfway  in  a  Hall  feven  and  twenty 
foot  long,  fixteen  foot  wide,  and  proportionably  high  ,•  neverthelels 
they  put  him  to  death,  as  a  Traytor  and  a  Tyrant.  It  is  not  to 
be  wondered,  that  the  Jbica'i  had  fiich  vaft  ftore  of  Gold  and  Silver, 
for  they  had  framed  in  Gold  al)  the  Creatures  and  Plants  imaginable 
in  their  Temples,*  alfo  they  put  great  numbers  of  Statutes  of  all  pure 
G0I4,  and  adorn'd  with  precious  Stones.  The  Edifices  were  de- 
-        ; ..     ■  .f.:  ,  .  moliihed 


molifh 
rials,  a 
ous  Su 
The 
Sierra 
Drugs, 
Jnf»Gt^ 

tle^ 
beCin 


j< 


-■Al- 


^J^^t 


t}f  ?  E  i^:  U. 


SS9 


molilhed  by  the  Spaniards,  who  expeded  to  find  Gold  in  the  Mate- 
rials, and  in  the  cement  of  the  Stones,  though  they  got  a  prodidgi* 
ous  Sum  befides.  . 

The  Provinces  of  Peru  arc  ^ito^  Los  Reyes,  Los  Charcas,  and  La^-^ 
Sierra  ::^lto,  which  produces  much  Gold,  Cotton,  and  Phyfical 
Drugs,  has  a  City  of  the  fame  Name,  the  Antient  Refidence  of 
InfaGuaynacapa,  The  Province  de  los  Reyes^  contains  the  beft  Ci-^ 
tieiyp  the  Co«mtiy,  Lima  and  Cufco  ;  Lima  is  new,  and  one  of  the 
beiRn  all  Jmerica,  though  it  contain  not  above  fix  thouland  fiihabi- 
tants.  There  are  alfo  about  four  thoufand  Negroes,  but  they  keep 
them  difarm'd  for  fear  of  revolting.  The  great  Trade  of  the  Town, 
the  Refidence  of  the  Vice-Roy,  and  the  Archbifhop  make  it  the  Ca- 
pital City  of  Peru,  Callao  a  City  and  a  Port  two  Leagues  from  Lima, 
is  able  to  receive  and  fecure  feveral  Veffels.  Cufeo  builtfour  hun<3red: 
years  before  the  5><ji»/<?r^j  took  it,  very  well  Peopled,  becaufe  the  King 
ufually  kept  his  Court  and  obliged  the  Lords  oi  the  Country,  to  build 
them  Houfes,  and  dwell  in  the  City  with  their  Children.  The  pro-  ' 
vince  de  los  Cbarcas  contains  thQ  Cities  of  La  Plata  and  Potojf,  which 
is  the  beft  inhabited  place  in  all  the  IVefi  Indies,  for  it  is  ftored  with, 
all  conveniences  and.  delights  of  this  Life  ^ Jor  which  reafon  feveral 
People  go  to  live  there.  The  Silver  Mines  in  her  Mountainsiife  cer- 
tainly the  richeft  in  the  World,  and  no  way  fubje<ft  to  the  Water,  as 
the  other  Mines  are.  The  King  of  Spain  had  from  thence  a  Million 
of  Ducates  formerly  for  his  fifth  j.  but  fome  time  fince  the  Rent  has 
fellen. 

At  the  Ifland  PmV<)  was  the  Fight  between  the  Bttccaniers  and  Sm^- 
niardsy  where  thQ  Buccaniers  took  five  Ships  :,  the  BuccaniersWQiQ  but 
fixty  eight  Men,  the  Spaniards  two  hundrea  and  twenty  eight* 

At  Gorgona  lHand  the  Buccaniers  carrcn'd. 

At  the  Ifle  of  P/<»f<i,  Sir  F.Drah  made  the  Dividend , of  that  vaft" 
quantity  of  plate,  which  he  took  from  the  S.  Armada,  which,  the  Spa- 
niards iay,  was  twelve  fcore  Tuns  of  Plate,  and  fixteen  Bowls  of 
Coyned  Mon  ,  fo  that  they  were  forced  to  heav^  fome -over  board. 

Sumbes  was  the  firft  Place  the  SpamardsSQttkd.  in  thefe  parts  after. 
Panama*, 


"tf*f 


i: 


$60 


mmmmnii^mmmf^mt 


Of  G  t/T  A  If  A. 


»i 


■^•"^ 


if   .V.-^tt- 


0/  G  U  Y  A  N  A. 


f: 


*'  tc"" 


THis  Country  has  by  {undryEuropeanshecncaWcdthQSavafeCmfi^ 
the  Country  of  the  Amazons,  El  Dorado,  and  Guyana,  Buyjkis 
laft  name.  Mrhich  is  Indian,  has  put  down  all  the  reft.  AiterwarcSthe 
Qpntinuea  refolutions  cfthe  J'rf»ci&  to  fettle  themfelves  there,  together 
with  the  fituation  of  the  Country  ,has  occafioned  it  to  be  called  by  them 
MqulnoBtal  France.  Orenoque  bounds  it  to  the  Weft  j  Amazonia  to  tht 
Baftj  the  North  Sea  to  the  North,  and  the  high  Mountains  to  the 
South.    All  which  limits  give  it  a  Figure,  that  is  fomewhat  oval. 

Oronoque,  or  RaJlana,  from  Sir  Walter  Ralekh,  who  in  i5'9y  difco- 
vered  it,  conftrains  the  Neighbouring  Inhabitants,  by  reafen  of  its 
Qverflowiug,  to  lodge  in  the  Trees.  The  other  Rivers  oi  Guyana  are 
^  Effequehe,  Brebice,Coretine,  Boron,  Marttvine,  5«n»<?w,  the  entrance where- 
.pf  isas  large  as  the  Sein  at  Honfluer,:  Mawari,  Sinamari,  Caurora,  near 
to  which  greaf  plenty  of  Ter;//*/  breed.  Ca^nenna,  that  makes  an  Ifland 
of  the  lame  name  ,•  Catnvo,  at  the  Mouth  whereof  lie  great  Moim- 
tains,  where  they  lay,  there  is  a  Mine  of  a  Lafts  Lazuli.  Aferwake, 
which  is  thought  runs  to  the  Lake  Tarima,\i\ix.  it  hathfb  many  falls, 
that  its  courfe  is  hardly  known,  Via-poco,  Poumaron,  &c. 

At  the  lower  part  ofthefe  Rivers,  and  all  along  the  Coafi-,  which  is 
generally  low,  and  extends  above  two  hundred  and  fifty  Leagues  in 
length,  feveral  EngUjh,  French  and  Dutch  Colonies  have  fetled  them- 
telves.  Who  4iaving  made  the  Indians  fenfible,  that  they  are  not  able 
to  mafter  their  Lands  alone  difputeamongthemfelvesthepofleflionof 
other  Nations  Rights.  The  Country  between  ^<?fioc(>,and  the  North 
Cape,  is  not  much  coveted  by  the  Europeans  yhtCAm^  it  i§very  boggy, 
.  The  Country  about  the  Lake  Parime,  in  the  middle  of  G«y/»»<?,  ac- 
ltnowledge,Jjy  report, a  Succeffor  ofGuainacapaoftheHoniQoflncas 
oPPeru,  and  compofe  the  true  Kingdom  of  the  Golden  King.  The  re- 
maining part  toward  the  North  is  poffeffed  by  divers  People,,  which 
cannot  of  themfelves  make  a  Body  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  Men.  They 
are  all  Idolaters,and  obey  the  antient  Chiefs  of  their  Families.  Some 
Relations  affirm,that  there  atq  Amazons  in  thofe  parts,or  rather  large- 
fided  Women,  that  wage  War  with  much  Skill  and  Valor,  infomuch 
ithat  the  Natives  of  the  Ifle  ofArowen,  at  the  Mouth  ofAmazona, 
liave  acquired  that  Name,  by  reafon  of  their  long  Hair  :The  fame  Re- 
lations aver,thatthere  are  Ibme  Nations,where  the  men  exchange  their 

Wives 


•xOfe  v.r  Ais  A. 


f6i 


WiveSj  and  where  the  Men  always  chofe  the  moft  elderly,  as  being 
more  induftrioiis,  and  better  experienced  in  llufwifiy^  than  the 
young  ones. 

The  People  ofG»y^»^live  long,  by  reafon  of  the  good  Air_,  wliich 
they  breath.  Their  Country  lies  in  the  middle  oi  the  Tcrrul  Zoncy 
but  the  Eaftern  Winds  are  very  conftant.  The  Days  and  Nights  are 
equal,  the  later  being  very  cool,  the  dews  falling  in  great  abundance. 
The  Mountains  are  high,  and  the  Forefts  very  thick,  fo  that  it  i» 
never  exceflive  hot,  nor  exceffive  cold.  The  Soil  is  very  proper  for 
the  Tillage  o^  Mankc 'yOthQvs  for  the  planting  of  Cotton  ,•  others  for 
Sugar  ana  Tobacco  j  others  tiiat  yield  Gums,  Wood,  Stones  of  divers 
forts,  Parrots  and  Monkeys.  Befides  that  Hunting  and  Fijliing  arc 
equally  profitable  and  delightful.  /  ■. 

Manoa,  near  the  Lake  Parlffja,  the  principal  City  of  Guyana  is 
eaird  El  Dorado,  by  reafon  of  the  quantity  of  Gold,  which,  they  fay, 
is  there  fo^great,  that  the  Inhabitants  make  their  Weapons  thereof, 
and  cloath  tl^ir  Bodies  with  it,  after  they  have  rubb'd  themfelves 
with  Oyl  or  Balfom.  So  that  this  City  maybe  accounted  the  richeft 
in  the  World,  if  there  be  fuch  a  one.  i  t 

The  Ifland  oi  Cayenne,  the  principal  Colony  of  the  French  in  thole 
quarters^  is  above  fixteen  or  feventeen  Leagues  in  Compafs,  five 
whereof  ftoot  into  the  Sea,the  reft  lie  between  the  Arms  of  a  River 
of  the  fame  name.  It  inclofes  feveral  high  Hills,,  which  are  manur- 
able  to  the  very  tops  j  and  fome  Meadows  for  the  fatting  of  the  Cattle. 
St.  Thomas  is  remarkable  for  the  unhappy  enterprife  of  that  worthy 
Engliftiman,  Sir  fVaher  Raleigh,  by  whom  Cumana  was  fired  in  his 
firft  return  from  Guyana. 

And  at  St.  Jofephs,  a  fmall  City  in  the  Ifle  TrinUao,  Sir  IV.  Raleigh 
took  the  Sfanijh  GoYQrnor  Antonio  Bcrio,  from  whom  he  got  the  beft 
account  ofthofe  Parts  and  its  Trade. 


■I    - 


-.,..  I.'  ' 


.?;-■/ 


CCQC 


Of 


■it^ 


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:-:i 


w^mmm 


mnmm. 


^PW«MHP 


-BUj^H^'-T— TT^rPT-T' 


~.«S'-7,  iir--?]"-^-.  T  , 


561        Of  C  A  S  T  E  L  L  A    DEL    OR 0.    , 


?* 


'■»; 


•     .      ^ 


■-,.<.•« 


0/  Caftella  Del  Oro. 


'-  .,^' 


C'i  olden  CaJHk,  fo  called  from  the  plenty  of  Gold  the  Cafiillians. 
X  found  therCj  called  alio  Terra  Firma,  becaufe  one  of  the  firft  parts, 
ot  firm  Landj  which  the  Spaniards  touched  at ;  divided  like  wife  in- 
to leveral  Parts  or  Governments,,  viz,  Panama^  Carthagenay  Sart^a 
Martha,  Rio  de  la  Hacbay  FeneZiule,  Tariaoi  New  Andali^tty  FofaJ4unj. 
and  Granada. 

The  Government  oiVanantay  which  particularly  takes  the  name  of 
Terra  Firma,  is  between  the  North  and  South  Seas,  placed  in  thQlfth-- 
WUS-,  which  joyns  the  two  parts  of  America  together.  The  Country  is 
either  low  or  miry^  or  Mountains  or  barren^its  Air  is  very  unhealth- 
ful,  fubjed  to  great  Heats  and  Fogs  :  Its  chief  Placesare,  Panama  feat- 
ed  on  the  3outhern  Sea-fliore,  the,  Rcfidence  of  the  Governor,  a, 
Bifliops  See  and  a  Town  through  which  the  riches  of  Spain  and  Peru 
pafs  every  year.  In  DecemkernSjo,  it  was  t^kfin  by  t\i^  Englijh,  and 
kept  twenty  eight  days*, 

Panama  is  the  Place  whither  they  bring  the  Gold  and  Silver-  of  Pertty 
which  they  afterwards  qan^  to  Porio  Belq,  a  place  of  great  ftrengh, 
fortified^  with  two  Caftles,  which  li?s  about  fixteen  or  eighteen 
t^eague^  off  upon  the  North  Sea^apd  raifed  upon  the  Ruins  ofNdmhf 
tie  Dios,  which  was  forfiiken  for  the  badnefs  of  the  Air,  and  lying  too 
open  to  the  Invalions  of  the  Englifi :  This  carriage  is  performed  by 
great  Rams,  called  Fufves,  which  are  the  only  Mules  of  the  Coun- 
try: Ai  Porto  Belo  they  lade  this  Gold  and  Silver  in  the  Ships,  that. 
cany  it  to  Spain. 

In  the  way  from  Panama  to  Porto  Belo,  you  may,  if  you  pleafe^ 
take  the  convenience  of  the  River  Chagra,  which  comes  within 
five  Leagues  of  Panama,  and  then  you  may  go  all  the  way  by 
Water. 

In  the  year  1668,  the  Englifj  plundred  Porto  Belo,  and  got 
confidferable  fums  of  the  5/>^«kr<//,  before  they  would  furrender  it 
again. 

Cartagena  affords  foveraign  Balfom,  little  inferior  to  that  of  Egypt, 
Rorin,and  feveral  forts  of  Gums,  long  Pepper,  Dragons-blopd,  Eme- 
rauldsj  &c.  Formerly  the  Inhabitants  had  particular  places,  whither 
they  carried  their  Dead  with  their  Gold,their  Chains  and  their  coftly 

.'^^  .  .    -  s '      Ornameats, 


;-  .  *■ 


I'"I"^^*»F^»^'P1P"''^PPWP 


^•m^w^wp" 


«||f«T,"*wt 


Of  CAStBLLA,    DEL    ORO.  563 

Ornaments.  But  the  Spaniards  to  get  this  Wealth  into  theic  handsy. 
made  thofe  Relicks  fee  the  Sun  again.  The  City  ftanding  in  a  Penin- 
fula,  had  its  name  from  the  refemblance  of  its  Port,  with  that  oi' Car- 
tagena in  Europe.  It  is  one  of  the  beft  Cities  in  America y  for  it  con- 
tains above  four  thoufand  Spaniards,  about  four  thoufand  Nifgro's,  and 
is  theaiiual  Randevouz  of  the  Fleets,  that  are  bound /rom  Cadiz,  t(y. 
the  Firm  Land. 

Saint  Martha  produces  almoft  all  forts  of  Fruit  that  grow  in  Spain,  ^ 
Gold,  S^phires,  Emeraulds,  Jafper,  Caflidoins :  And  there  begin  • 
thofe  high  Mountains,  which  under  the  names  of  ^»</a  run  a  long  ' 
as  far  as  the  South.    The  City  is  honoured  with  an  Epifcopal  See, 
but  ftill  laments  the  Ruins  fuftered  by  the  Englijlj  in  Anno  i  j9  j-  and 

Rio  de  la  Hacha  has  loft  the  Fi/hery  of  Pearls  not  far  from  it,  but 
its  Soil  is  very  fertile. 

VenezMela  had  its  name  from  a  Village  hard  by,which  was  built  up- 
on Piles  in  themiddft  of  the  Water :  When  this  Country  was  firft  dif- 
covered,  the  Germans ,  to  whom  Charles  the  Fifth  had  engag'd  it,  had 
a  defign  to  have  built  a  City  at  the  Mouth  of  the  Lake  Macataybo, 
according  to  the  M.oAq\  oi  Venice ^  but  afterwrads  they  changed, 
their  refolution,  >and  chofe-rather  to  returri  into  their  own  Coun- 
try ;  The  Water  of  the-aforefaid  Lake  is  falt^  but  it  becomes- 
fweet  through  the  abundance  of  Water  that  falls  into  it  out  of 
I  feveral  Rivers.  VenezMela  ^vo^mcqs  all  things  neceiTary  for  human 
fuftenance^fo  that  it  is,  as  it  were,  the  Granary  of  the  adjacent  Pro-,. 

vinces.  .^■;\<*^^:"v    ;     ■  '■;:■•=••■'-.'..;•;;.■■...''. 

New  Andalufia  is  dtherwife  called  Tarta,  froni  its  great  River ;  and 
the  Seacoft  bears  like  that  of  the  Venezuela,  the  narne  of  the  Coaft  of 
Tearls,  by  reafon  of  the  Fifliery  there,  fince  it  fail'd  about  the  Iflandsr^ 
o£.Margareta  ^nd  Cukaque,  Some  of  the  Indians  ftill  hold  out  agaihllf  , 
the  ^fidw/'Wjj  and  the'moftpart  oftheSea  Towns  have  been  often 
plundred  by  the  Englijh.  The  Country  ne^Cr  Comana  is  full  of  Salt- 
pits.  The  Country  and  Citj'  of  Vopajen  have  prelerved  the  name  oi' 
their  laft  King.  The  Taezes,  the  P/>o^j  the  ManipoSj  and  other  neigh- 
bouring Natives  could  never  be  fubdued. 

The  New  Kingdom  of  Granada,  which  was  difiovered  by  one 
Xlmenes  a  Granadin,  affords  Silver,  Copper,  .Iron  ,  and  Eniraulds. 
Herctofoi*e  there  was  one  brought  to  ?hllip  the  Second  King  of 
Spain,  of  lb  high  a  Price,  that  the  Goldfmiths  knew  .not  how  to  va- 
lue it:  And  therefore  as  a  rarity  it  was  laid  up  in  the  TrcallTy  of  the 
Efcurial.  ■  "  .     , 


.:^- •"■'••" 


■  i... 


->.•  -..^ 


■M- 


'%-^k 


CCC  C   2 


B 


etvveen 


.r^. 


ppp 


mmmm 


IUI*PM  l|l     I.    filUpilipilJLI   « 


J>«f«.  61 


M^    of  The 


TfiUhk 


['^^  StCMttt-M. 

'r.7t  <A  S.JlrUert 


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h 


BEtween  the  two  AnterkaSy  North  and  South,  and  t^fore  the 
Gulph   oi Mexico  are  many  Iflands,  generally  diftinguiihed 
into  the  Antilles^  Carribhes,  and  Lucajos. 

.      Of  t^e  ANTILLES.     ' 

THE  Iflands  of  the  Antilles  are  Hifpaniola,  Cuba  Jamaica  and  Teru^ 
Rico  alias  Boriquen.  Hifpaniola  is  affirmed  to  bein  length  an  hun- 
dred and  fixty  Leagues  j  the  breadth  in  fome  places  fixty,  in  fomebut 
.  thirty^thence  growing  lefs  and  lefs  till  it  comes  to  the  Angles  ,•  fituate 
betweenrthe  eighteenth  and  twentieth  tieg.  of  the  Northern  Latitude. 
JUIfland  for  the  moft  part  beautiful  and  flouriihing,  the  Trees  always 
-■■■--  -■>,..'•'    '  •■■ .   in 


want 
the  F< 
Gold 
ofSu^ 
the  en 
dred- 
theirj 
rsfs  a 
Morn 


6/  fhe  Weflern  Kflamk 


5^5 


in tticir  Summer  Livep^,  the  Meadows  green,  as  ifthc}'  M  enjoy  a 
perpetual  Spring  ,•  offuch  excellent  Herbage,  that  the  Cattle  biouglit 
thither  out  of  Spain  have  increafed  beyond  mealure,  grown  wild  for 
want  of  proper  Owners,  and  arc  hunted  unto  death,  like  tlic  Stags  of 
the  Foreft,  only  to  rob  them  of  their  Skins.  In  a  woid,  rich  Mines  ot 
Gold  without  njixture  ofDrofe,  or  other  Metals  ,•  the  great  incrcafe 
of  Sugar  Canes,  one  Cane  filling  twenty,  fomctimcs  thirty  Meafur»^ 
the  exceeding  increafe  of  Corn,  producing  in  fome  places  an  hu!v 
dred-fold  ^  Herbs  and  Fruits,  that  in  the  eigh^en  days  will  come  to 
their  perfeftioris,  and  ripen,  &c.  are  evident  Arguments  of  the  rkh- 
r.3fs  and  fertility  of  the  Soil,  only  the  Air'  is  much  infefted  with 
Morning  Heats,  but  cooler  in  the  Afternoon. 

It  was  difcovered  by  Columbus y  in  his  firft  Voyage  made  1492.  The 
Spaniards  have  fmce  fettled  many  potent  Colonies  there,  who,  having 
rooted  out  the  Natives  by  their  infinite  Cruelties,  and  e  :  nufted  the 
riches  of  the  Country  with  an  infinite  covetoufiiefs,  difporled  them- 
felves  into  the  Continent. 

Its  chief  places  are  St.  Domingo  j  firft  built  by  BanLJomeus  Columbus^ 
Anno  1494.  now  i);:uate  in  a  pleafant  Country,  with  a  file  and  capa- 
cious Haver  for  Ships  to  ride  in.  An  Arch-Bimoprick,anda  place  of 
great  Trade,  till  the  taking  of  Mexico,  and  the  difcovery  of  P^rw,  fince 
which  time  it  hath  much  decayed,  nor  hath  it  yet  recovered  its  felf 
of  the  great  lofs  and  damage  itluftained  by  Sir  Francis  Drake,  in  Anno 
1586. 

Torta  de  la  Plato,  the  fecond  place  of  Trade  and  Wealth,  feated  on 
a  commodious  Bay  on  the  Northern  Shore. 

Atprefent  among  their  Infeds  and  Vermine,the  Nigua  is  the  moft 
dangerous,  it  leaps  like  a  Flea,  and  piercing  it  felf 'till  it  lodges  be^ 
tween  the  Skin  and  the  Flefti  is  very  troublefome  to  get  out. 

The  Cacugo,  a  kind  of  Snail,  that  hath  its  Eyes  and  Flanks  when  it 
opens  its  Wings,  fo  Bright,  that  it  ferves  to  Read  or  Write  by  in  the 
darkeft  Night. 

Among  their  Fijh  the  Manati  is  the  moft  remarkable,  which  is  A 
kind  of  a  Sea-CaUj  about  twenty  Foot  long,  and  their  young  not  a- 
bove  a  hand  long. 

The  Commodities  now  are  Cattle,  Hides,  CaJJia,  Ginger,  Cocheneil, 
Guaiacum',  and  other  Herbs,  as  well  for  Phyfick  as  Dying. 

The  French  now  poffefs  the  Weftern  part  of  this  Ifland,  as  alfo  the 
Iflatid7or//<^^j,  notiai' fromit.  '      .  ■ 


,  "«•■. 


■■■       '\\ 


'.r'. 


■      Of 


•v>   .  ■  •« 


M 


S66 


::'!r-'j--  -^  ■■'.■-t.i't.T"'' 


Of  the  XVefiern  fflands. 


Of   CV'BJ. 


i-^r-i-r.-  z-*m:-- 


CVBA,  by  Chrifiofher  Columbus  cAXAFerd'manda,  is  in  length  from 
Eaft  to  Weft  about  two  hundred  Spanijl)  Leagues  ;  in  breadth 
not  about  w^nty  five  or  thirty,  in  content  equal  with  Hlfpaniola^ 
for  fertility  of  Sbilj  and  temperature  of  tlie  Air,  beyond  it. 

Liberally  ftored  with  Gingery  Mafiichy  Caj[ia,  Aloes,  Cinemon  and  Su- 
gar, belides  great  plenty  of  Flejh,  Fijh  and  Fowl,  the  Gold  more  droflie 
in  the  Mines  than  thOiQ-ofHiJpaniola,  butthe5r<?/}  moreperfed  ,•  the 
Mountains  filled  with  divers  Trees,  of  which  iome  drop  the  pureft 
Ro/in  i  and  the  Hills  fend  to  the  Vallies  many  Rivers  ftreaming  down 
wkhGold.     '  ,    ■'  .  ■i'r'i^"-S 

Among  the  Rarities  of  this  Ifland,  there  is  a  Fountain,  otiTe  of, 
which  floweth  a  pitchy  fubftance  or  Bitumen,  excellent  for  the  ca^lk- ' 
ing  of  Ships,  ana  iTerves  ih^- Indians  for  divers  Medicines.  - 

As  alfo  a  Valley  covered  with  an  innumerable  number  of  Flint - 
fiones  of  divers  Magnitudes,  which  Nature  hath  made  fo  round,  that 
they  may  ferve  for  Bullets  for  all  fof  ts  of  Cannons. 

Its  chief  places  are  St.  ^^^''j  built  in  I5'i4,  by  Don  Diego  deValafquesj  \ 
featedin  the  bottom  of  a  capacious  Bay,  in  the  South  part  of  the  Ifland, 
the  feat  of  aBilbop,  much  decayed,  and  now  of  little  Trade.  2.  Hava^ 
na,  one  of  the  nioft  fahious  Ports  in  the  JVefi  Indies,  for  ftrength, 
largenefs  and  richnefs,  fo  ftrong  fituated  and  fortified,  both  by  Nature 
and  Art,  that  it  feems  impregnable  ,•  the  entrances  defended  with 
t\yo  Caftles,  and  a  greater  oppofite  to  the  Mouth  of  the  Haven  ;  it  is 
the  general  Rendevoiiz  of  the  Spamjh¥\e&t,  (and  is  capable  to  receive 
a  thouiand  VelTels)  when  they  return  for  Spain,  honour'd  therefore 
with  the  Seat  of  the  Governor,  and  the  greateft  Trade  pf  j^ll  thefe 
Seas.  Twenty  five  Leagues  from  the  Havana  towards  the  Eaft  is 
the  Port  of  Mataacas,  memorable  for  that  Peter  Htyn  General  for  the 
Dutch  TVefi  India  Company,  there  fu prized  in  the  year  1629,  the 
Spanijh  Fleet,  and  carried  it  into  Holtihnd :  A  Prize  efteemed  worth 
more  than  fcvcti  Millions  of  Crowns,  yet  very  ill  recontpenfed  for 
his  Service  and  pains. 

Nor  can  I  fori^et  the  memorable  Story  of  one  of  the  Caciques  of  the 
Uland,  who  adcfrefling  himi'elf  unto  Cotumbus,  advifed  him  to  ufe  his 
fortune  with  moderation,  and  to  remember,  that  the  Souls  of  Men 
had  two  journicSj  when  they  leave  this  World  :  The  one  fbuland 
dark,  for  the  injurious  an*}  cruel ;  the  other  delightful  and  pleafrint, 
for  the  peac.ible  and  jurt.  '        '  It 


p<fl 


Of  JAMAICA 


5^7 


Y.'i'T/t.iiii.i,? 
Port'Rai/.il 


L  CLjtviutili 


•■■#■■ 


IT  is  fituated  South  of  CuVa,  and  Weft'  of  HifpamoU/in  the  Torrid 
Zone,  in  eighteen  Degrees  of  Northern  Latitude  ,•  yet  the  heat  is 
fbqualified  with  tbe  frefh  Eafterly  breezes,  that  conftantly  blow  all 
day,  refreOied  withfreouentShowil^  and  fuch  Dews  which  fall  in 
the  Night,  that  it  may  be  truly  called  temperate  ,•  its  Aijr  healthful  j 
its  Soil  rich  and  fertile,  plentiful  of  all  things  neceflary.  The  Land 
well  flocked  with  Cattle,  the  Woods  well  ftored  with  Fowl,  and  its 

Rivers  with  Fifh.  ,«    v-  ,     ,^     i  •      » 

From  Eaft  to  Weft  along  the  midft  of  the  Illand  runs  a  continual, 
ridge  of  lofty  Mountains,  which  are  full  of  freih  Springs,  whence- 

flow  the  many  Rivers^  that  fo  plentifully  water  the  lUand. 

,        '     ■ .  jiner*  ■ 


i.'wwu'W!;j.'i!iMijiPHi,i  '.Ji  m-' 


wmm 


w^mmmF! 


wwppww»i«f  I »«.'  -.  I';'.'  \.'i'.'mi(^[  1^,  s,«|  'mi^w  ■ 


W 


\ 


''^^.- 


J 


5^:     ■  Of  fAMArCJ.: 

There  is  fcarce  nny  fenfible  increafe  or  decreafc  of  the  Days  or 
Nights  throughout  the  year,  and  the  Wintet  Months  are  only  knov/n 
by  a  little  more  Rain  and  Thunder.  : 

I'.-;  This  Ifland  produces  many  e:icellent  Commodities,  viz,  Sugars  fo 
Igoodj  that  they  out-fell  thole  ot  Barbackes  ;  Indico^  Cotton  which  is  ex- 
^'licellent  fine.  Tobacco,  Hides,  Coffer,  Tortifes  in  great  abundance,  whole 
t.|iMeat  is  excellent  to  eat,  and  their  jhells  much  efteemed  for  feveral 
j   r  curious  Works.  -  ■■^^'^ 

!  S  ^  Several  forts  oflVoods  for  Djfers,  as  Fufiick  Redwood,  a  kind  of  Z.^^- 
\  ;  woody  alfo  Cedar,  Molthogency,  BraJJiletto,  Lignum  Vite,  Ebony,  Cranadilla, 
y  '^  with  many  other  fweet  fmelling  and  curious  Woods. 

There  is  alfp  Ginger,  Salt  in  great  abundance,   Salt-Peter,  Jamaica 
"" ';  Pepper  very  Aromatical,  and  ot  fo  curious  a  Guft,  that  it  liath  the 
.  ■  mixt  taft  of  divers  Spices.  Drugs  in  great  abundance,  Guiacum,  China 
'    Roots,  Salfaparilla,  Vinills,  Cajjia-Fifiula,  Tatnarindes,    Achiots  or  ^Anetto 
•  with  many  other  Drugs,  Balfoms  and  Gums,  as  alfo  Cochaneil,  efpecially 
■Cocao,  oi 'which.  CocholatehmTiAQ.  '  ' 

■ ;  •    In  this  Ifland  is  great  abundance  of  Cattle,  'viz,.  Cows,  Sheep,  Goats 
I  and   Hogs;  it  having  good  Failures,  t^nd  Grafs  always   green  and 
jjfprigging,  the  Trees  and  Plants,  never  dif-robed  of  their  Summer  Li- 
[  ;  jfVerres. 

i  ;  j!    '  In  their  Rivers  are  very  excellent  F/Jfj,  viz,  Tor toife.  Snappers,  Crabs, 
•i'-^LobJl-trs,  Tarbums,  Macquerels,  Mullets,  Cavallos,  Parr  at  Fijh,  Cony  Fiji} 
'tGreen  Turtles. 


\  '■■Apples  ,  Dilduwf  ,  Plant ines  ,  Pines  ,  Macows  ,  Indian-Figs  ,  Bonames, 
AjUom,  die.     '.-■'.'-         - 

There  is  a  great  plenty  of  Hens,  Turkies,  Ducks,  Teal,  Wigeon,  Geefe, 
Pigeons,  Turtk  Do'ves,  Gutny  Hens,  Plovers,  Flemmin^Sj  Snipes,^  Parrats 
xyiAh  grc^^t  variety  of  iijiall  Birds. 

IT^iere  .likewiie  grow  very  well  all  manner  of  Summer  Garden-Herbs 
a|34  Roitti  ooinmon  to  us  in  England,  viz.  Letuce,  Parfley,Rofemary,  La- 
vender ^  ;Marjoram,  ^(Kvwy  ,  Time,  Sage  ,.  Pur(lane,  &.C..  For  Roots'. 
Pca/fi,  BeaMs,  Cabbages,  Colly ^  Flowers,  Turnips,  Potatoes,  Onions,  and 
H^dejkes,  _ 

Upoji  die  Ifland  are  few   hurtful  Beafls.ov  Infers;  only  the 

Afu  kettocs    and    Merrywings  ^  a    Ibit    of  Hinging    Flies  ,    which 

f^.  frpublefonie    in  (bmc    part  of  the   Ifle.     And  the  Aligatw, 

wiiich    is  a  vwy    vexatious  Creature  ,  but    k§  fat  is    a  Sove- 


«r?rj ;  I . 


«; 


.dT 


tr 


reign 


Tt^W  '-f''^''T?'K|» 


'VW":»ii'!.t.V-(W-.  I  '[•mwin   iww^nifmimmimm 


m^m 


mm 


Of  JAMAICA,^         _r     '^e^ 

reign  Ointment  for  any  internal  Ach  or  Pain  in  the  Joynts  or 
Bones. 

Its  Difeafes  are  Dropjtes ;  occafioned  often  by  ill  Diet,  Drunken- 
nels  and  Sloth  ;  Calentures,  too  frequently  the  Produd  of  Surfeits, 
Fevers  and  yigues,  but  with  good  Diet,  and  moderate  Exercife,  with- 
out excefs  of  drinking,  the  Etjglijh  enjoy  a  competent  meafure  of 
health. 

The  Ifland  abounds  in  good  Bays,  Ports  and  Harbors,  viz.  i .  Port  Roj- 
al,  formerly  called  Cagway,  fituate  on  the  extream  end  of  that  long 
goin*  of  Land,  which  makes  the  Harbor  exceeding  commodious 
for  Slipping,  and  is  fecured  by  a  ftrong  Caftle  ,•  the  Harbor  is 
two  or  three  Leagues  crofs  in  moft  places,  and  hatji  every  where 
good  Anchorage,  and  is  fo  deep,  that  a  Ship  of  a  thouland 
Tun  may  lay  her  fides  to  the  Shore  to  unload,  and  is  the  only 
place  of  Trade  in  the  Ifle ,  being  populous  and  much  fre- 
quented. 

2.  Tort  Morant  feated  on  the  Eaftern  Point,  a  very  capacious  and 
fecure  Harbor,  where  Ships  do  conveniently  hold  Water,  and  ride 
fafe  from  the  Winds,  where  is  alfo  a  potent  Colony  fettled. 

3.  Point  Negrel  in  the  Weft  ,  very  good  and  fecure  to  wind- 
ward. , 

4.  Port  Antonio  in  the  North  ,  a  "ery  fafe  and  Land-locked 
Harbor,  being  wholly  taken  up  by  the  Right  Honourable  Charles 
Earl  of  Carlijle,  once  Governor  of  the  Ifland  ;  and  now  called  Port 
St.  GHj^e, 

AboS  twelve  Miles  from  Port  Royal,  within  the  Land,  in  a  plain  by 
a  River  is  feated  St.  J  ago,  once  a  place  of  great  account,  when  the 
Spaniards  were  Mafters  of  the  Ifle,  now  the  Refidence  of  the  Go- 
vernor, and  the  chief  Courts  of  Judicature  are  held  there,  and 
therefore  likely  to  arrive  to  a  greater  Splendor  than  before  :  Its 
Inhabitants  live  in  great  pleafure,  where  they  have  their  Havana, 
in  which  the  richer  fort  recreate  themfelves  every  Morning  in 
their  Coaches  or  on  Horfeback,  as  the  Gentry  do  here  in  Hide^ 
Park. 

About -the  middle  way  between  St.  jF^t^o  and  Port  Royal,  and  on  the 
Mouth  of  the  River  is  feated  PaJJ'age,^  a  fmall  Town,  built  for  the 
conveniency  of  Paflage  to  Port  Royal  from  St.  Jago,  where  is  alfo  a 
Fort  raifed  to  fecure  the  fame. 

In  a  word,  the  great  encouriEfp^-^'nt  of  gaining  riches  with  a  plea- 
fant  life  doth  invite  every  j  war  abundance  of  people  to  inhabit  there, 
fo  that  in  a  fliort  time  it  is  likely  to  become  the  moft  potent,  and 
richeft  Colony  in  the  Wefi  Indies. 

Dddd  Befides 


/  I 


I  ■'' 


^ 


570        ^.  Of  JAM  Arc  J,      - 

Befides  the  number  of  Inhabitants,  which  are  reckoned  to  be  about 
forty  or  fifty  thoufand,  there  belong  to  the  Ifland  about  three  thou- 
Jand  lufty  Itout  fighting  Men,  called  Trivateors  or  Buccaniers^  whofe 
Courage  hath  been  fufficiently  evidenced  in  their  late  exploit,  and 
attempt  againft  the  Spaniards  at  Panama. 

As  concerning  the  Laws^  by  which  they  are  governed,  they  are 
aflimiliated  as  near  as  can  be  to  thofe  oi  England^  having  their  feveral 
Courts,  Magiftrates  and  Officers  for  the  executing  of  Juftice  on  cri- 
minal Offenders,  and  the  hearing  and  determining  ofCaufes  betwixt 
Party  and  Party  ,•  and  for  the  better  affiftance  of  the  Governor  he 
hath  his  Council  to  confult  with.  < 

Boreqaen  is  little  lefs  either  in  Circuit  or  Fruitfulne^  than  Jamaica. 
Its  chief  Place  is  St.  Juan  del  Vuuro  Rico,  which  communicates  its 
name  to  the  whole  Ifland  ,•  the  Refidence  of  a  Bifliop  and  Gover- 
nor. The  Ifland  is  traverfed  by  a  Chain  of  Mountains,  which 
cms  it  from  Weft  to  Eaft.  Here  is  found  a  white  Scum,  which  they 
ule  inftead  of  Pitch  to  chal^  their  Ships,  .and  inftead.  of  Tallow  to 
make  Candles,  and  for  want  of  other  Medicaments  for  Wounds  and 
Sores.  Thefe  four  Iflands  are  the  greateft  and  chiefeft  of  the 
AntitUs.   ^    .  T,   ' 


;       Of  the  CAKI'B'BE    Iflands. 

TH  E  Caribhe  or  C  ana  hie  Iflands  lie  Eaft  o£  Bwi^uen  or  Torto  Rico, 
advancing  in    a  Demi-Circle  towards    America  Meridionalis, 
Xhe  Chief  whereof  are:  '  .. 


•  ',1  ■. 


>  1     .'.::: 


•    r 


v.. 


•  -'ii 


•J     -r- 


'>'■■.  ...KK. 


1       "'•'.. 


t        ■    ^  l-»     ,.  > 


,♦',  t'.  .«'  -^^  _. 

■'    *  in'?'     •     ,     ■  -     ■" 


Barhadoj 


.0... 


»»     Vj 


Of  B  A  R  BAD  O'S. 


sn 


• ".I 


ioid^ 


BArhados  is  the  moft  confiaerable  Ifland,  that  paiTes  under  the 
name  ot  the  Caribhe  Ifles.     It  is  feated  on  thirteen  Degre^es  and 
thirty  Minutes  of  North  Latitude ;  being  not  above  eight  League* 
in  length,  and  five  in  breadth,  of  an  Oval  form.    It  »s  a  potent  Co- 
lony, Inl  able  to  ami  ten  thoufand  fightmg  M«n,  which,  with  the 
'    ,::.  Dddd  »  ftrengtli 


^K 


'■'*' 


/. 


^ 


Of^the  Carihhe  Iflands. 


^■■■«WPi<«i"i»«"^"^*^"^""^'Www»WI^7S)!pi 


57* 

ftrengch  that  Nature  hath  beftowed  upon  it^  is  able  to  bid  defiance 
to  the  ftouteft  Foe. 

This  Ifland  is  very  hot,  efpecially  for  eight  MonthSj  yet  not  fo  but 
labor  or  travel  is  fufFerable^  by  reafon  of  the  cold  breezes  of  Wind, 
which  rife  with  the  Sun,  and  blow  frefher  as  the  Sun  mo?mteth  up. 
The  Air,  tho  hot,  is  moift  which  caufeth  all  Iron  Tools  to  ruft,  but 
this  great  heat  and  moifture  makes  the  Soil  exceeding  fertile,  bear- 
ing Crops  all  the  year  long,  and  its  Trees  and  Plants  are  always 
green,  and  the  Fields  and  Weeds  always  in  their  verdant  Livery. 

Its  commodities  are  Sugars^  Indko,  Cotton-Wool ,  Ginger,  'Logwood, 
Fttfikky  Lignum  Vita,  ^c  Of  the  four  firft  there  is  fucn  great  abun- 
dance, that  above  two  hundred  Sail  of  Ships  have  yearly  their  load- 
ing there. 

As  for  its  Trees,  Fruits,  Herbs,  Roots,  Fowl,  Beafis,  IfiJeEts,  and  Fij^, 
they  are  much  the  fame  as  found  in  Jamaica,  to  which  I  refer 

you. 

The  Ifland  is  divided  into  eleven  PrecinAs  or  Pariflies,  in  which 
are  fourteen  Churches  and  Chappels.  The  Names  whereof^  and 
how  fituated.  you  may  plainly  fee  in  the  Map.  Its  chief  places 
are, 

bt.  Michael,  formerly  the  BriJg-Town,  fituate  at  the  Bottom  of 
Carlijle-Baf  in  the  Lee  ward  or  Southern  part  of  the  Ifland,  having  a 
capacious,  deep  and  fccure  Harbor  for  Ships,  large  enough  to  enter- 
tain five  hundred  Sail  at  orice. 

The  Town  is  graced  with  abundance  of  well-built  Houfes  being 
the  Refidence  of^he  Governor,the  place  of  Judicat]^re,and  the  Scale 
of  Trade,  whece  molt  of  the  Merchants  and  Fadors  have  their 
ftore-houfes  or  fhops ;  It  hath  two  ftrong  Fortj  oppofite  one  to 
another,  with  a  Plat-form  in  the  midft,  which  commands  the  Road, 
for  the  defence  and  fecurity  of  the  Ships. 

Next  is  little  Brifiol,  formerly  Sprigks  Bay,  leated  about  four 
Leagues  Leeward  from  St.  A//V;6Wj,  hatha  commodious  Road  for 
Ships  well  traded,  andftrongly  defended  by  two  Forts. 

;.  Saint  James, iovmtiXy  thQ  Hole,  hatha  good  Road  for  Ships,  and, 
is  of  a  confiderable  Trade,  where  is  kept  the  Monthly  Courts. 

4.  Charles  Town,  on  OyfterBay,  fecured  by  two  ftrong  Forts  with 
a  Plat-form  in  the  midft. 

The  Inhabitants  of  this  Ifle  are  of  three  forts  Mafters,  Chrijlian 
ServAnts,  and  Negrdes.  And  according  to  the  Calculation  not  long 
fmce  made,  the  two  firft  did  amount  to  fifty  thoufand,  and  the  Negroes 
to  double  the  number.  .      '  .  .;. 


:3  h ' 


■  - 1  ■• 


The 


Of  the  Carihhe  Jjlandsl 


\n 


The  Mafiers.  Cor  the  moft  part  live  at  the  height  ofPleafure,  and  the 
Servants,  at  the  expiration  of  five  years,  become  Freemen  of  the  Ifland 
and  imploy  their  times  according  to  their  abilities  and^capacities,  an^ 
the  Negro  Slaves  are  never  out  of  their  Bondage,  and  the  Children 
they  get  are  likewife  perpetual  flaves. 

The  Ifle  is  governed  by  Laws  aflimilated  to  thofe  of  England,  by  a 
Governor  as  fupream,  his  ten  Council  as  fo  many  Peers,  and  an  hun- 
dred Burgeffes  chofen  by  the  Commo^ialty  out  of  each  parifh. 


SAint  Chrifiofhersj  (o  called  from  Chrifiof  her  Cokwhs  the  firft  Di/c6- 
verer  thereof,  fituate  in  the  Latitude  of  feventeen  Degrees  and 
twenty  five  Minutes,in  Circuit  about  feventy  five  Miles,the  Soil  light 
and  fandy,  produceth  Sugar,  Cotton,  Tobacco  and  Ginger  :  The 
whole  Ifle  is  divided  into  four  quarters,  two  of  which  are  poffeffed  by 
the  Englijh,  the  other  two  by  the  French ;  the  EfjgUjh  have  two  for- 
tified places ,  one  commanding  the  great  Haven,  the  other  diftant 
not  far  from  the^Poiiit  De  Sable,  By  the  Treaty  of  Breda,  the  French 
were  to  return- us  St  Chrifio^htn,  which  after  four  years  delay  was  de- 
livered to  Sir  Charles  Wheeler,  but  my  Information  tells  me,  the  Plan- 
tations were  deftioyed,  and  Country  laid  wafte,  and  left  in  a  much 
worfe  condition,  than  if  it  had  never  been  planted.    However  the 
French  have  now  four  ftrong  Forts ;  that  ol  moft  note  is  cj^Ued  BaJJe, 
Terre  :  Tliere  are  five  Churches  belonging  to  the  EngUjl)^  at  Sanday. 
Voint,  at  Palm-Tree ,  one  near  the  great  Road,  and  two  at  the 'Inlet  of 
Cayom  :  And  the FrenchhavQ  a  Town  of  good  bignefs,  whofe  Houfes 
are  well  built  with  Free-ft one,  well  Inhabited  and  Traded  unto,  with 
a  fair  and  large  Church  and.Caftle,  being  the  Refidence  of  die  Go- 
vernor, pleafantly  feated  at  the  foot  of  a  high  Mountain,  not  far 
from  the  Sea,  having  fpatious  Courts,  delightful  Walks  and  Gardens, 
with  a  curious  proj^ed.  ' 

Nexfis  or  Mev'is,  a  fmall  Ifle,  not  above  eighteen  Miles  in  circuit, 
near  St.  Chrijlophers,  Inhabited  by  about  three  or  four  thovS^yn^ E'ng- 
lijh,  who  live  well,  and  drive  a  Trade  of  Sugar,  Cotton,  'v}inger 
and  Tobacco,  a  well  governed  Colony,  it  hath  three  Churches Tor 
Divine  Worfliip,  a  Store-houfe- for  the  accommoddtlons  of  its  Inha- 
bitants ;  h  ftrong  Fort  fbr  the  lecurity  of  Ships,  in  the  Road  called 
Bath  Bay,  from  its  Bath  which  are  miich  frequented  for  the  cur-ng 
of  feveral  Diftempers.  ,  ^  *  ^; 

.....    .  . ,    ■      •  '  Antego^^' 


.    y 


,.,,. 
.»-' 


«p 


*-vv 


574 


Of  the  Carihhe  Ijlattds^ 


Atitego,  feated  in  the  Latitude  of  fixteen  Degrees,  eleven  Minutes, 
of  a  difficult  accefs,  and  v€ty  dangerous  for  Shipping,  it  hath  fome 
few  Springs  of  Frefli  Water,  plenty  ofmoft  Ibrt  of  Wild  Fowl, 
for  Fifh  great  abundance.  .■•    '.  -     > 

Dominica  feated  in  the  Latitude  of  fifteen  and  a  half^  of  about 
twelve  Leagues  in  length,  and  eight  in  breadth,  is  very  Mountainous, 
yet  not  without  many  fertile  Vallies,  and  might  be.of  fome  account 
to  the  Englljh,  would  they  fubdue  the  Natives,  who  do  much  annoy 
them. 

Moftsferrant  in  the  Latitude  of  feventeen  Degrees,  of  fmall  extent, 
is  much  inclined  to  Mountains,  filled  with  Cedar  Trees,  and  the 
Vallies  and  Plains  are  fertile,  moft  inhabited  by  the  Irljhy  who  have 
there  a  Church  for  Divine  Worfhip. 

Anmlla  in  Latitude  of  eighteen  Degrees,  twenty  one  Minutes,  an 
Ifland  but  flenderly  inhabited,  and  efteemcd  not  worth  the  keeping. 

Barbada  in  the  Latitude  of  feventeen  and  a  half,  not  of  any  con- 
fiderable  account  to  the  Englljh.  ' 

Sanil^a  Cruxy  inhabited  by  the  French,  Woody  and  Mountainous. 

Guadaloupe,  about  three  Leagues  in  length,  pofTelTed  by  the  Frenchy 
'  of  fome  note  for  its  Frefh  Water. 

Grenada,  about  fix  Miles  in  length,  in  form  of  a  Crefcent  y  poffef- 
fed  by  the  jFVfwcA.  v-  '" 

Saint  Vincent,  about  fix  Leagues  in  circuit,  of  a  fertile  Soil,  yield- 
ing abundance  of  Sugar  Canes,  well  watered  with  Rivers,  having  fafe 
and  convenient  Bays  for  Shipping,  poffeffed  principally  by  the  Dutch. 
For  the  Engli^  have  here  fome  fettlement,  but  not  confiderabe. 

Guracao,  Tabago,  Saba,  and  Euftache  are  alfo  in  poflTeflton  of  the 
Dutch.  February  16.  1677.  was  the  account  of  the  taking  Tabago  by 
Count  d'  Efiree :  The  ninth  or  tenth  o£  December  landed  fifteen  hun- 
-dred,  and  attack'd  the  Fort,  opened  the  Trenches,  and  raifed  a  Bat- 
tery, on  which  were  three  Mortar  Pieces  ,•  the  third  Bomb  that  was 
ihot  in  the  Fort,  fet  fire  to  their  Magazine  of  Powder,  by  which 
the  Vice-Admiral  Blnches,  fifteen  Ofllicers,  and  about  three  hundred 
Soldiers  were  kill'd  and  the  reft  furrendred,  the  Fort  was  deftroyed, 
two  hundred  Pieces  of  Cannon  taken,  and  four  Dutch-men  of  War 
in  the  Port.  •    .  .     . 

Martin  polTelTed  by  the  French  and  Dutch. 

St.  Martinique,  Dejjeada,  Marigatanta,  St.  Lucia  poiTefTed  by  the 
^rencjb. 


('.- 


-i  <ij. 


s>f 


Of  B  E  R  MV  D  J  SF. 


1 


fMnr^fick  Tovt 
Z.J)io>ei'*  JSrrt 

%.Taaets  Tort 

<k.Pimhrokfort 
ll/CW  Ca/lU 
I.  CKtrtt^r. 
V^.Tucker-  JiMt 

I  Smil/te     I 


IP 


JL  S  TIVARUM 

^ooy^£>m.  Jloancak 
in.  i^irainiA  by  T<-  nm-ien 


if  fMu/tf  qttitt^ue  virt  in. 


.  dolumtm. 


nw^rum.  navigifiutnum  omm*  m  Cotumt-t 
inJ/tiet'niam.  a^uietiiftt  ^tiu/e  ab  nom: 
intan.  truntoria  vix  /£ru&^'  cfnUttw 


THE  Bermudas  are  a  certain  number  of  fmall  Iflands  firft  difco- 
vered  by  one  John  Bermudas,  finct  called  the  Summer  1/lands, 
from  the  Shipwfack  which  Sir  George  Summers  and  Sir  Thomas  Gates 
fufFcred  Jnuo  1609.  Of  thefe  Iflands,  the  greateft,  to  which  the 
Name  o£.  Bermudas  is  more  generally  given,  is  about  y  Leagues  long, 
and  2  Miles  broad,  all  the  reft  being  very  fmall :  The  whole  clufter 
together  do  form  a  Body  much  like  a  Crefcent,  and  inclofe  feveral 
good  Ports ;  the  chief  whereof  are  the  Great  Sounds,  Harrington's  Sound, 
Southampton  Harbour,  guarded  with  feveral  Forts,  taking  their  Names 
from  the  feveral  Noblemen  that  were  concerned  as  Undertakers , 
which  are  fet  down  in  the  Map;  asalfo  the  Names  of  Tome  of  the 
biggeftlOands  ^   V^^  ^nce 


vj>^i. 


W?W" 


If  _  III.  I  111  iKt'  I  I  <(;j .,  ^^^^fifmi,^t^ 


)/   B  B  RMV  D  A  S. 


■rn- 


Since  the  Ertfiijh  firft  fetled  in  thefe  Iflands,  they  have  now  efta- 
bliihed a  powerful  Colony,  confiftingof  about  4  or  f  000  Inhabitants, 
who  have  ftronglf  fortified  the  Approaches  by  the  aforefaid  Forts , 
which,  with  the  Rocks  in  the  Seas,  render  them  fecure  and  impreg- 
nable ;  fo  that  without  knowledge  of  the  Paffages,  a  Boat  of  10  Tuns 
cannot  be  brought  into  the  Haven  ;  yet  by  the  afliftanceof  a  skilful 
Pilot,  there%  entrance  for  Ships  of  the  greateft  Burthen. 

The  Earth  in  thefe  Mes  is  exceedingTertile,  yielding  two  Crops 
every  year,  which  they  gather  in  about  July  and  Dtcember, 

They  have  no  frclh  Water  but  that  in  Wells  and  Pits,  which  ebbs 
and  flows  with  the  Sea,,  there  being  neither  Fountain  nor  Stream  in 
thefe  Iflands,  nor  venomous  Beafts,  neither  will  they  live  if  brought 
thither  j  nor  are  their  Spiders  poyfonous,  but  of  fundry  and  various 
.  Colours,and  in  hot  Weather  make  their  Webs  foftrong^  that  the  fmall 
Birds  are  fometimes  entangled  and  caught  therein .  * 

The  Sky  is  generally  ferene  and  clear,  and  the  Air  fo  temperate  and 
healthy,  that  'tis  rarely  any  one  dieth  of  any  diftemper  than  that  of 
old  Age :  So  that  the  Inhabitants  enjoy  a  lon^  and  healthy  Life. 

When  the  Sky  is  at  any  time  darken'd  with  Clouds,  it  thunders  and 
lightens,  and  is  very  ftormy  and  tcmpeftuous  :  The  Nor^h  and  Norh- 
f  ^  weft  Winds caufe  Winter  in  Decembtry  J anuarjij  And  February y  which 
yet  is  fo  very  moderate,  that  young  Birds,  and  Fruits,  and  other  con- 
comitants of  the  Spring,  are  feen  there  in  thofe  Months. 

They  havefeveral  forts  of  excellent  Fruits,  as  Oranges,  Dates,  MuU 
,  berries  both  white  and  red ;  in  the  Trees  whereof  breed  abundance  of 
Silk-worms,  which  produce  much  Silk*  Therejs  alfo  plenty  ofTortoife, 
,  whofe  Flefli  is  very  delicious.  There  is  good  ftore  of  Hogs,  an'Q  great 
vaciety  of  Fowls  and  Binis.  There  is  alfo  a  fort  of  Cedar-lrees,  which 
diner  from  all  others  in  the  world,  the  Wood  whereof  is  fwcet  and 
well-fcented. 

Their  chief  Commodities  are  Oratjges,  Cochineil  and  Tobacco,  wi»h 
(bme  kind  of  Vearls  and  Ambergreeee^  of  which  laft,  'tis  reported  , 
that  the  three  men  left  there,  after  the  Death  of  Sir  George  Summers, 
'■  found  in  Scmerjet  Ifiand  as  much  of  it  as  waswoth  9  or  loooo  Pounds 
Sterling.  And  now  they  keep  Dogs  for  the  finding  of  it  out  by  its 
fcent. 

Thefe  Ifles  are  now  divided  into  Tribes  or  Counties,  and  the  whole 
reduced  to  a  fettled  Government,  both  in  Church  and  State.and  is  ftill 
'improving  to  greater  perfection. 


n- 


[  Vlace  this  between  Page  574,  and  ^75".  ] 


•^ 


Of  the  Carihhc  Ijtanis.. 


57r 


•M  », 


Of  the  LUC  A  YES. 


■r/ 


\ 


AR  E  fo  called  from  Lucapn^<i  Name  of  the  biggcft,  which  is  i ;  , 
amongft  them.  Bahama  lends  its  name  to  a  very  rapid  Chanel,  )^^ 
running  from  South  to  North,  and  is  remarkable  for  the  paiTage  of  J  , ; 
the  S^anijh  Fleets,  in  their  Return  from  Mexico  into  Etfrope.  A  Palfage  \ 
as  fatal  to  the  Spaniards  by  marty  Shipwracks  of  their  rich  laden  Plate  1^  , 
Ships  j  as  kind  to  fome  Englljh  Undertakers  of  late  years,  who,  by  i,  ^ 
Diving  get  up  vaft  quantities,  .of  that  Plate,  which  for  many  years  1^ 
have  laid  clofe  hugg'd  in  her  rocky  and  precipitous  embraces.  Binini^ 
hardly  acceffible,  is  faid  to  have  a  Fountain  that  renews  Youtli^  be-  j^ 
ing  ftored  with  handfome  Women,  for  whofe  fake  it  is  much  reforted  jj 
to.  Guanahani  is  that  Ifland,  which  was  difcovered  by  Columbus  for    • 
which  reafon  he  called  it  St.  Salvador,  in  regard  it  faved  him  from  : 
the  Confpiracy  of  his  Men,  who  a  little  before  would  have  thrown 
him  over  board.  ^  •, 

New  Providencey  a.  late  ereded  Colony  of  the  £»£/i^;,  jby .  Patent  ;, 
from  his  Majefty  to  the  Proprietors  oi^  Carolina,  and  is  fourid  to  pro^-   . 
duce  the  fame  Commodities,  Fruits,  Plants,  Beafts,  Fowls,  Birds,  &c,.  •  f  -' 
Of  an  Air  healthful  and  agreeable  to  Englijh  Bodies,  that,  finjce  theii'''" 
Settlement,  few  or  none  have  died  of  the  Diftempers  or  Difeafes  in- 
cident to  other  Colonies, . 


■ML: 


"'A-         .''V.i. 


6i>  aiiU 

^'.  .  .^■.  .■■,^:  ■     ■  .  ,•     •  :^  r.,*-^     ,^^..AK'^■n'■  ■!''^'''r^'i  ^     ••        •.•>. 

wi*h 
)rted  , 

ytmersy 
ounds 

-   -      uj.  V  -  ;.■  -'.         -.  •             \  ■      ■                            ...4.                            .         . 
"  '     ■            '      ■   '                *        r     '            '/■■•'     ■;'•'.                .     ■ 

by  its 

whole 
is  aili 

''■■  y^-'- 

■■^■■^.^^-f-^-  <.  • :'-  •■  .^-    \  '  ...      r,..,  ,^.^-i  -v-r-^^ 

'7/.  ] 

""  '".■  ■■  •'  t  '■■  ■     '    -  .}-\            ■■  ■■  _  .,   x^.^.    .:     ..  .; 

The 


i, /■ 


■(^;^r 


>7^ 


Of  !^ew  S  r  4  I  ^*  ' 


1 


TH  E  Indians,  call  this  Countfy  Mexico  ;  the  Spaniards,  New  Sp^i^) 
the  Latins,  Nova  Hifpania  ;  a  Country  abundantly  enriched 
with  inexhauftable  Mines  of  Gold  and  Silver,  the  Air  exceeding 
Temperate,  though  feated  in  the  Torrid  Zone  :  Its  Soil  is  fo  fertile, 
that  no  Country  in  the  World  feeds  fo  much  Cattel. 

The  Riches  of  the  Country,  befides  their  Gold  and  Silver,  Copper 
-and  Iron,  are  their  Grains,  as  Wheat,  Barley,  Pulfe,  and  Mayz.  Theii' 
l^ruits  as  Pomgranets,  Oranges,  Lemmons,  Citrons,  Malicatoons, 
Cherries,  Pears,  Apples,  Figs,  Coco-nuts  and  variety  of  Herbs,  Plants 
4ind  Roots.  There  is  alfo  Wool,  Cotton,  Sugar,  Silk,  Cochenel. 
From  thence  is  likewife  exported  the  Grains  of  Scarlet,  Feathers, 
Hony,  Balm,  Amber,  Salt,  Tallow,  Hides,  Tobacco,  Ginger,  and 
^divers  Medicinal  Drugs. 

Amonjg  the  Rarities  there  is  themoft  admirabk  Plant  called  Magney,^ 


vw 


Oi 


'-P-.5.I 


tJi 


iJhos\ 


^T> 


iriched 
:eeciing 
fertile, 

Copper 
.  Theii' 
itoons. 
Plants 
;henel. 
athers, 
r,  an<l 

iagney, 


S  P  Al  U. 


V  \      -v^  -^      Of  Uew  a  r  A  i  IS,  ,  cyj 

of  whofe  leaves  they  make  Pepper,  Flax,  Thread,  Cordage,  Girdles, 
Shoes,  Mats,  Mantles,  Stuffs,  &c.  Its  Bark,  if  roafted,  makes  an  ex- 
cellent Plaifter  for  Wounds,-  from  the  top  branches  conies  a  Gum, 
which  is  ^  Soveraign  Antidote  againft  Poifon,  from  the  top  a  juyce 
like  SyiHip^'^hicli.if  Boil'd,  will  become  Hony  ,•  if  purfied.  Sugar; 
they  make  out  of  it  alfo  Wine  and  vinegar,  and  it  afFordeth  good 
Wood  to  build  with.  '    ■■'■  ^■>  :  \  ,;< 

As  alfo  two  Mountains,  one  ofVhich  vomits  Flames  of  Fire  like 
ty£trta  ;  the  Other  fendeth  ^rth  two  burning  Strean/s,  the  one  of 
black  Pitch,  the  other  of  red,  to  which  I  may  add  their  fine  Pidures 
made  with  the  Feathers  of  their  Cineons  (which  is  a  little  Bird  living 
only  on  dew)  fo  excellently  are  their  Colours  placed,  that  the  belt 
Painters  of  Europe  admire  the  delicacy  thereof^  far  exceeding  a  piece 
of  Painting. 

Jt  was  once  an  Ele(5live  Kingdom,  full  of  great  Cities^  well  go- 
verned, civilized.  Should  we,faith  Jccfia,  parallel  the  Pol'ticks  of  the 
Uncas,  or  Kings  of  Pfr«,  and  Mexico,  with  thofe  of  the  Greeks  and 
Romans y  thefe  would  have  the  advantage,  but  the  beft  of  thefe  good 
Laws  and  Policies  were  aboliflicd,  when  the  Spanianis  became  Ma- 
tters of  thv.  r  ,itiy,  dividing  it  into  feveral  Parts  or  Provinces,  viz. 
New  Gallchy  i^uadalajara,  New  Bifcay ^Mexico,  Mechoacan,  Vanuco,  Ju~ 
catattj  Guatemala y  Honduras^  N'c  .ragua,  Coftarka,  Veragua,  and  Others  ^ 
theyjhave eftablilhed Parliaments  at  McxkOyGuadalojarajUndGuatemala. 
New  Mexko  properly  fo  called  lying  round  about  the  City  of  Afex/Vo, 
is  the  beft,  and  beft  peopled  part  of  all  Amerka  ,•  that  City  fuffered  a 
dreadful  lofs  in  the  year  1629,  all  the  Dams,  and  moft  paj-t  of  the 
Houfes,  being  carried  away  by  the  violence  of  the  Streams,  for  it  is 
fituated  upon  the  laltLake  about  twenty  five  or  thirty  Leae[ues  in  com- 
pafs;  into  which  falls  another  Lake  of  frerti  Water,  and  both  toge- 
ther are  forty  five  or  fifty  Leagues  circuit,  in  which  are  laid  to  be  fifty 
thoufand  Ferries  continnally  rowing  about  to  carry  PafTengers,  having 
about  fifty  Towns  on  their  Banks,  fome  fay,  eighty  Towns,  many  of 
them  count  five  thoufand  Houfes,  fome  ten  thoufand.  1  he  filt  Lake 
Ebbeth  and  Floweth  according  to  the  Wind,  yielding  no  kind  of 
Fiih.  In  Mcxko  are  faid  to  be  four  thoufand  Spamards,  and  thirty 
thoufand  InMam;  it  is  the  Refidence  of  the  Vice  Roy,  and  Arch- 
BiJhop.  Before  the  Spaniards  took  polTeffion  of  the'  Country, 'there 
were  feveral  confiderable  places  near  to  Mexico. 

The  Siege  of  Afmcojafted  about  three  Months,  wherein  Certez  had 
near  200000  Indians,  nine  hundred  Spaniards,  eighty  Horfes,  feven- 
tecn  or  eighteen  Pieces  of  Ordinance/ixteen or  eigb-^^n  Vergantines, 
and  at  leaft  fix  thoufand  Canou's ,  where  were  *^.ain  i\fty  Spaniards 

E  e  e  c  fix 


•A 
■A 


I    -q 


4 


<» ' 


•M 


TfTSrT"^ 


li^^ 


\ 


578 


Of  ^em  S  P  A  I  M. 


fix  Holies ,  and  about  eight  thoufand  Indians  on  Cortex,  fide :  Of 
Mexicans  were  flain  120000^  befides  thofe  rliat  dyed  with  Famine 
and  Peftilence.    '^i'-^  *i ;. -j  ::tj.  ;.:.,' 

The  Vergentincs  whefewitH  Cortex,  befieged  Mexico  by  Water^  were 
brought  by  land  in  pieces  from  Tlaxcalkn  to  Texcuco,  and  400000 
Men  fifty  days  employed  in  the  finiftiing  of  them,  and  making  a  Sluce 
or  Trenchj  and  lanching  of  them  in  the  Lake. 

At  that  Siege  Montez,anta  the  Emperor  was  taken  by  Cortex,  out  of 
his  own  Palace  and  made  Prilbner,whichcaufed  the  Mexicans  to  rebel 
againft  Cortex,  and  the  Sfaniards,  and  fought  a  fierce  and  bloody  Bat- 
tle two  or  three  days  together,  crying  out  for  their  Emperor  ^  where- 
upon Cortex,  defired  him  to  go  to  the  Window  to  {hew  himfelf,  and 
command  his  Subjeds  to  ceafe  their  fury,  who  fo  doing,  was  hit  on 
the  Head  with  a  Stone,  with  which  blow  he  fell  down  dead  to  the 
Ground,  and  this  was  the  end  of  that  great  Emperor,  who  was  of 
the  greateft  Blood,  and  the  greateft  King  in  Eftate  that  ever  was  in 
Mexico,  flain  by  his  own  Subjects  againft  their  wills,  in  the  City  of 
his  greateft  Glory,  and  in  the  cuftody  of  a  foreign  and  ftrange 
Nation. 

After  the  death  of  Alontexum-a,  they  made  .^alutamoc  their  Em- 
perorj  and  perfifting  in  their  furious  Battery  againft  Cortez  his  Pa- 
lace, caufeci  him  and  all  his  Spaniards  to  flieout  oi' Mexico  :  But  the 
Spaniards  having  made  fixteen  or  eighteen  Vergentincs  at  Tlaxcalkn^ 
and  got  new  Supplies  ^  they  again  fo  befieged  Mexico  by  Water  and 
Land,  that  it  was  reduced  to  great  necefiity  with  Hunger  and  Sick- 
nefs,  ani  tho'  in  this  extream  miiery,  yet  they  would  not  yield,  no 
not  when  they  law  the  Kings  Houfes  burned,  and  the  greateft  part 
of  their  C  ity  confumed,  fo  long  as  they  could  keep  one  Street,  Tower 
or  Temple,-  and  though  the  i'^.Tw/W/  had  won  the  Market-place, 
and  moft  of  the  City  :  And  tho'  their  Houfes  were  full  with  dead 
Bodies,  and  all  the  Trees  and  Roots gnawn  by  thefe  hungry  wretches 
that  furvived,  yet  would  they  not  accept  of  peace,  butdelired  death ,- 
fo  that  when  the  Spaniards  thought  there  had  not  been  five  thcufiind 
in  all  the  City,  yet  were  there  that  day  flain  and  taken  Prilbners  400000 
Perfons,  and  j^ahntamoc  their  King  taken  Prifoner,  who  told  Cortex, 
he  h.-^  done  hisbeft  endeavour  to  fave  and  defend  himfelf  and  VaiHilsj 
but  confidering  you  may  now  do  what  you  pleafe  with  me,  I  be- 
leech  you  to  kill  me,  which  is  my  only  requeft  :  But  Cortex,  CQm\on' 
edhini  with  fair  words,  and  required  him  to  command  his  Subjetfts 
to  yield,  which  he  did.  And  at  that  time  after  fo  many  were  flain  and 
ftarved,  fo  many  Prifoners  taken,  yet  there  were  about  700000 
who  tjirew  down  their  Arms  and  fubniitted,    Thus  did  Cortex, 

win 


..^^Jk- 


^ff 


^■Pi 


Of  Mew  S  PA  IN. 


fide:  Of 
1  Famine 

terj  were 
\  400000 
g  a  Sluce 

X  out  of 
^s  to  rebel 
>ocly  Bat- 
■ ;  where- 
i'elf^  and 
'as  hit  on 
lad  to  tiie 
o  was  of 
er  was  in 
e  City  of 
ftrange 

heir  £m- 
z,  his  Pa- 
But  the 

Tlaxc  alien  ^ 
'^ater  and 
ind  Sick- 
ield,  no 
iteft  part 
t"j  Tower 
et-place^ 
ith  dead 
wretches 
d  death,' 
thoufi^nd 
s 400000 
Id  Cortez 
\  Vafliils- 
le,  I  be- 
comfort- 

Subjetfts 
Oain  and 

700000 

i   Cortez. 

win 


S79 

win  the  famous  City  of  Mexico  on  the  thirteenth  day  of  Augufi^  An, 
Dom.  1)21. 

Chulula,  enclofed  about  twenty  thoufand  Houfes,  with  as  many 
Temples  as  there  are  days  in  the  year.  And  the  Inhabitants  lacri-  ^ 
ficed  every  year  above  fix  thoi^fand  of  their  Children  to  their  acr ' 
curfed  Idols.  Tezcuco,  was  faid  to  ke  as  big  as  Mexico,  which  was 
faid  to  contain  fixty  or  eighty  thoufand  Houfes,  and  is  famous  a- 
mong  the  Spaniards,  for  that  it  was  the  firft  that  received  a  Chriftian 
King,  Hornando  fon  to  Nex^avalftncintUy  Cortex,  being  his  God-Fa- 
ther, ^taretaro  had  a  Fountain  out  of  which  the  Watt.*r  floweth  foj 
four  years  together,  and  the  next  four  years  feemed  to  be  empty.  Los 
Angdos,  upon  the  Road  from  La  Vera  Cr«.^,firft  built  and  inhabited  in 
the  year  1 5"  30,  by  Do»  Antonio  de  Mendoza,  YicQ-Koy  of  Mexico,  fa- 
mous for  the  Cloath  that  is  there  made,  as  good  as  any  in  Segovia, 
which  is  the  belt  in  Spain  :  And  a  Glafs  Houfe,  which  is  the  rarity 
in  all  thofe  parts.  It  is  a  City  containing  fix  thoufand  Inhabitants, 
to  which  three  belongs  a  Bilhoprick,  endowed  with  fixty  thoufand 
Crowns  a  year. 

Guacocinga  is  the  chief  Town  between  the  City  of  Mexico,  and 
Los  Angelas  conl^fting  of  above  five  thoufand  Indians  and  one  thou- 
fand Spaniards,  and  is  priviledged  by  the  Kings  of  Spain,  for  that  it 
joyned  with  the  Tlaxcellcns  againft  the  Mexicans, 

Acapulco,  upon  the  South  Sea,  is  a  well  fiieltered  Bay,  difi:ant  from 
Mexico  one  hundred  Leagues  j  fi*om  hence  the  Spaniard  drives  a  rich 
Trade  to  the  Philippine  Ifles,  and  to  China,  from  whence  they  are 
diflant  three  thoufand  Leagues.  Jucatan  is  a  Peninfula,  between  two 
Gulphs,  where  flands  the  Antient  Mcrida. 

In  Vanuco,  the  CajhUians  have  three  Colonies,  of  which  Saint 
Steven  delpuetro  is  the  Metropolis,  twelve  Leagues  from  the  Sea,  and 
a  Town  of  great  Traffick  ^  next  is  Saint  Jago  de  ks  Vallas  ,*  thirdly, 
Leives  de  Timpico. 

They  have  Mines  of  Gold  in  the  Country  ,which  are  not  wrought  ,• 
falt-pits,  out  of  which  they  draw  the  greateft  profit,  Machoaian,  the- 
Metropolice  of  the  Province,  fo  called,  now  the  feat  of  the  Areh-Bi- 
fliop,  fince  removed  from  Valadolid,  feated  upon  a  Lake  as  large  as 
that  of  Mexico.  This  Country  is  faid  to  be  fo  healthful  and  of  fo 
fweet  an  Air,  that  fick  People  come  thither  to  recover  their  health. 

Near  Co/;«;<«,  is  four  d  the  Plant  Cozomctcath  or  Olcacasjan,  which 
takes  blood-lliot  from  the  Eyes,  preferves  the  flrength  of  the  Body, 
cures  the  Tooth  and  Head  ach,  refifls  all  poifons,  and  is  mofl  excel- 
lent againfl  all  Difea|^s, 


'^  1 


J 


il 


£  e  e  e  st 


This 


ipippp 


580  ^    Of  ^ew  S  P  A  r  N. 

This  Province  is  of  a  fertile  Soil,  yielding  greatencreafe  of  all  forts 
of  Grain,  Fruits,  &c.  It  produceth  Cotton^  Amber-Greece,  Gold; 
Silver,  Copper,  black  Stones  fo  Shining,  that  they,  ferve  initead  ot 
Looking-^GlalTes,  ftore  of  Plants,  Medicinal  Herbs,  Silk,  Hony,  Wax, 
&c.  It  is  well  ftored  with  Springs  and  Rivers  of  frefli  Water ,  Cattle 
and  Fowl  and  m  great  plenty,^nd  other  Lakes,  and  Rivers  afford, 
ftore  of  Fifli. 

Thafcala  or  Los  Angelos,  is  a  Country  very  plentiful,  both  of  Corn 
and  Cattle,  full  of  rich  Paftures,  well  watered  with  Rivers,  and 
wonderfully  ftored  with  Mai^e,  which  they  make  their  Bread  of. 

Places  of  moft  note  are,  firftri^/c^/^,  fituate  on  an  eafie  afcent  be- 
twixt twoRivefSjencornpaffedwithalarge,pleafant  and  fruitful  plain,, 
faid  to  befo  populous  before  the  arrival  of  the  Spaniards jthatk  could 
^lumber  above  three  hundred  thoufand  Inhabitants :  Second,  Angelos^ 
a  fair  City  diftant  tvom  Mexico  twenty  two  Leagues,  and  thirty  from 
La-Vera  Cruz,:  Thirdly,  La-Vera  Cruz,,  built  by  the  Cortez,,  a  place  of 
great  concourfe  fituate  near  theGulph,from  whence  there  is  a  through- 
Fair  to  Mexico,  firom  whence  it  is  diftant  about  fifty  two  Leagues.  In 
May  83.  about  nine  hundred  or  a  thoufand  Privateers  at  Night  landed 
ana  through  the  negligence  of  the  Spartijh  Centinels,  furprifed  the 
Town  and  two  Forts,  the  one  of  theTwelve^the  other  of  eight 
Guns,  They  plundered  the  Town  for  three  days,  where  they  got  a 
great  dealofPkte,  Jewels,  e^c.  and  might  have  alio  taken  the  Caftle, 
which  is  feated  about  thi'ee  quarters  of  a  Mile  int  the  Sea,  and, 
hath  thirty  Guns  mounted. 

Saint  John  de  UlloayOT  Ulhua,  the  moft  noted  Port  of  this  Province, 
fenced  with  a  Peer  againft  the  fury  of  the  Winds  and  Sea,  defended. 
Naturally  by  Rocks  and  Quick-fands,  and  by  two  Bui  works  well  for- 
tified on  both  fides  of  his  entrance.  Famous,  for  that  it  was  the  firft 
beginning  of  that  great  Conqueft  of  the  Valiant  Cortez, :  Here  he  firft 
funk  the  Ships  that  brought  the  Spaniards  from  Cubuy  to  the  intent, 
they  might  think  of  nothing  but  Conqueft  ,  and  here  five  hundred 
Spaniards  ventured,  againft.  millions  of  Enemies,  and  began  the  Con- 
queft of  the  fourth  part  of  the  World. 

Xalapfa  de  la  Vera  Cruz,  made  a  BIfliops  See  in  the  year  1634, 
^id  to  be  worth  ten  thoufand  Ducates  a  year. 

La  Ricsnada  is  a  Houfe  or  Inn,  which  the  Spaniards  call  Venla^ 
feated  in  a  low  Valley,  the  hotteft  place  in  all  the  Road  to  Mexico, 
plentiful  in  Provifions,  and  the  fweetnefs  and  coolnefs  of  the  Water 
is  a  great  refrefhment,  but  the  fwarms,  of  Gnats  in  the  Night  are 
moft  intolerable.. 

Segura 


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Of  Neil)  S  P  J  I  tf. 


y8i- 


ll/brts 

GoJd^ 

^ad  ol 

Wax, 

Cattle 
aiFord 

Corn 

)  and 
ad  of. 
nt  be- 
plain,, 
could 
"Ivgelosy 
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lace  of 
rough- 
es.  In 
landed 
ed  the 
eight 
got  a 
:aftle, 
,  and, 


"*  Segura   de  la  Frontera  was   built  \>y  CorteXj  in   his  Wars   with  the 
Culbuacans  and  Tepeacaes. 

TIaxcallany  a  Common-wealth  ;  The  Inhabitants  whereof  in  one 
Battle  againft  Cortez,  had  1 5'oooo  fighting  Men,  afterwards  joined 
with  Cortez,  and  were  the  chief  Inftruments  of  his  unparellel'd  Con- 
queft,  being  mortal  Enemies  to  Montez^uma  the  Mexican  Emperour, 
and  therefore  are  free  from  Tribute  by  the  Kings  of  Spain. 

Nixapa  is  a  Town  of  eight  hundred  Inhabitants  Spaniards  and 
Indians,  where  is  a  ricli  Cloifter  of  Dominican  Fryers,  and  one  of 
the  richeft  places  in  the  Ccuntry.of  Sr/rwf/jr. 

Tecoantepetjue  is  a  fmall  and  unfortified  Harbor  on  Mar  del  Zur, 

AquatHko  and  Capalita  are  great  Towns  in  a  plain  Country. 

Tapanepeque  is  a  Iweet  and  pleafant  Town  v/ell  ftored  with  Flefb, 
and  Hfli,  and  Fowl. 

In  this  Province  are  iaid  to  be  two  hundred  Towns,  cnethoufand. 
Villages,  twenty  five  thoufand  Indians,  which  are  priviledged  and  ex- 
empted from  all  extraordinary  Charge  and  Impofition,  becaufe  of 
their  affifling  Cortex,  in  his  Conqueft  of  AI(xico.  In  the  Valley  of  St. 
Faulw2LS  a  Country  Man  poffefled  of  forty  thoufand  Sheep,  which 
were  the  produA  of  two  only,  which  were  brought  him  out  of  Spain. 

Cuaxaca  is  a  I^rovince  of  a  healthful  and  a  fweet  Air,  of  a  fertile 
Soil,  not  only  in  Corn,  but  alfo  in  Fruit,  Cochineil,  Silk,  Caffia  ; 
the  Earth  well  ftored  with  Mines  of  Gold,  Silver,  and  other  Metals, 
and  moft  of  the  Rivers  ftream  down  Sand-Gold. 

Its  chief  places  are  Antequera,  a  Biflioprick  adorned  with  ftately 
Buildings  and  a  Magnificent  Cathedral  Church.  Aquatuico  is  a  noted 
and  convenient  Port  to  Mar  del  Zur,  from  whence  is  tranfportcd  the 
Merchandife  of  M-^c/Vo  to  Peru,  plundered  both  by  Drake  and  Cavev- 
dijh  in  their  Voyages  about  the  World. 

G^£f  tells  us,  thiM  Guaxaca  is  a  City  and  Bifiiops  Seat,  fair  and 
beautiful,  fixty  Leagues  from  Mexico,  and  confifts  of  two  thoufand  In- 
habitants, not  far  from  the  head  of  the  great  River  Alvarado ,  upon, 
which  are  Zapotecas  and  St.  Idlefonfo  :  That  from  thence  they  went 
to  Antequera  a  great  Town. 

Tavafco  or  Tabafco,  is  a  Coatt  of  one  hundred  Leagues  between: 
Guaxacan  and  Jucatan,  of  an  excellent  Soil,  abundant  in  Maiz,  and 
Cacao.  There  are  Vines, Fig-trees,  Oranges  and  Citrons,  great  quan- 
tity of  Cattle  and  Fowl,  befides  wild  Beafts,  Apes  and  Squirrels.  The 
Spaniards  have  but  one  Colony  here,  which  is  called  Navfira  a  Sig" 
niora  de  laVithria,  fo  called  from  the  ViAor}^  Cortez,  gained  1^9., 
The  firft  City  inAmeriaa,  that  defended  it  felf  jand  fiiiFered  the  Spani- 
niards  fword.. 


Hi 


5^2. 


0/  i^ew  S  ?  A  I  B, 


) 


•  JuMtan  is  aPeninfula  of  about  four  hundred  Leagues  in  compafs^ 
fituate  between  the  Gulph  of  Mexico  and.  Honduras,  whofe  Cape  di- 
toche  is  oppofite  to  Cape  Saint  Anthony  in  the  Ifland  Cuba,  and  di- 
ftant  from  it  forty  odd  Leagues.  In  the  middle  of  the  Land  are  to  be 
feen  Scales  and  Shells  of  Sea  Fiib  ,•  its  chief  Cities  are  A/^nW/^^diftant 
from  the  Sea  on  either  fide  twelve  Leagues,,  the  Seat  of  the  Biibop 
^nd  Governor  ,  adorned  with  great  and  antient  Edifices  of  Stone, 
with  many  Figures  of  Men  cut  in  the  Stones^  refembling  thofe  at 
Meridia  in  Sfain.  2.  Valladolidj  beautified  with  a  fair  Monaftery 
of  Francifcans.  5.  Campeach,  fituate  on  the  Shore  of  the  Gulph/ 
a  fiir  City  of  about  three  thoufand  Houfesj  which  m  Anno  i<<)6. 
was  furprifed  and  pillaged  by  the  Englijh,  under  the  commana  of 
Captain  Farker,  who  carried  away  the  Governor^  and  the  Jlichcs  of 
the  City. 

The  Audience  of  Guadalajara,  or  Kingdom  of  New  Gallcia,  makes 
I  the  moft  Occident  part  of  New  Spain,  and  contains  the  Provinces  of 
Guadalajara,  Xalifco,  Los  Zacatocas,  Chiafnettlan.  Culiacan,  and  Nav 
Bifcany. 

The  Air  of  Guad^ilajara  is  temperate  and  ferenCj  except  in  Summer, 
which  is  moft  troubled  with  Rain.  The  Land  rather  mountainous 
than  plain,  very  fruitful,  well  fiunifhed  with  Mines  of  Silver,  Copper, 
Lead  and  Margafites  ,•  the  Paftures  are  rich,  fcediag  abundance  of 
Cattle,  they  have  Cittrons,  Oranges,  Figs,  Apples,  Pears,  Peaches, 
Olive-treesj  whofe  Fruit  is  often  deftroyed  by  Ants,  as  their  Corn, 
Maize  and  Pulfe  is  by  the  Pies,  which,  though  no  bigger  than  Spar- 
rows, are  fo  numerous  that  they  deftroy  whole  Crops. 

Its  Cities  are  G/W^/^y^r^,  the  Refidence  of  the  Kings  Treafure, 
dignified  with  the  Courts  of  Judicature,  the  See  of  a  Biihop,  beautifi- 
ed with  a  fiir  Cathedral  Church,  watered  with  many  Fountains,  and 
little  Torrents  not  far  from  the  River  Beranja. 

In  the  Province  of  Xalifco,  the  chief  City  is  Cotnpofiella,  built  by 
^Mzwan,  i>>i.  fituate  in  a  Barren  Country,  and  bad  Air. 

In  the  Province  of  Chiarnettlan  is  Saint  Sehajlian,  nigh  to  which  are 
many  rich  Silver  Mines.        ^    . 

The  Provirice  of  Culiaccn  hath  Saint  Michael,  and  that  of  Chinaloa 
Saint  ?fohv,  where  arc  rich  Mines  of  Silver. 

In  Los  Zk.itccas,  are  fevcral  famous  Lodges  near  the  Mines,  and 
feme  CiticSj  as  Zacatecas,  Durango,  &c.  In  new  Bifcany  there  are  no 
Cities,  biiconly  Mines  of  Silver,  as  Saint  John,  Barbara  and  Endes. 

The  Audience  of  Guatemala,  is  divided  into  thefe  Provinces,  Guate* 
fnala  ,  Soconufco,  Chiapa  y  Vera-paz,,  Honduras  ,  Nicaragua^  Cojlarica, 


and  Vcragua, 


GiWtimalii 


'  ^  ^Of  New  S  P  A  I  1^.  ;'       583 

Guatmda  ^  a  Country  hot,  but  rich ,  fubjeA  to  Earthquakes, 
and  hath  excellent  Balms  ,  Amber  j  Bezoar  _,  and  Salt,  and 
Indigo. 

Full  of  rich  Paftures,  ftocked  with  Cattle,  plenty  of  Gotten  Wool, 
excellent  Sulphur,  ftore  of  Medicinal  Drugs,  and  abundance  or 
Fruit, efpecially  C^t:o^,in  vail:  plenty,  that  it  lades  many  Veflels  which 
ferves  both  for  Meat  and  Drink. 

Chief  Cities  are  Saint  J  ago  de  Gamimahj  Situate  on  a  little  River 
betwixt  two  VtilcamS)  one  oi:  Water,  the  other  of  Fire  ,•  that  of 
Water  is  higher  than  the  other_,  and  yields  a  pleafant  Profpedl,  being 
almoft  all  the  year  green,  and  full  of  Indian  Wheat,  and  the  Gardens 
adorned  with  Roles,  Lillies,  and  other  Flowers  all  the  year,  and 
with  many  forts  of  fweet  and  delicate  Fruit.  The  other ' Vulcan  of 
Fire  is  more  unpleafant,  and  more  dreadful  to  behold  ^  here  are  Allies 
for  beauty.  Stones  and  Flints  for  Fruits  and  Flowers^  for  Water 
Whifpering  and  Fountain-Murmurs,  noife  of  Thunder,  and  roaring 
of  confuming  Metals ;  for  fweet  and  odoriferous  Smells ,  a  ftink  of 
Fire  and.  Brimftone.  Thus  is  Gautlmala  feated  between  a  Paradife 
and  Hell  j  other  chief  Towns  are  Mexico,  Vinola,  Tetaj>a,  and  Jmar- 
t'ltlan.  The  Refidence  of  the  Governor,  the  Seat  of  the  BiJbop, 
and  Court  of  Audience.  In  i5'4i.  it  was  almoft  overwhelmed  by  a 
Deluge  of  boiling  Water,  which  defcended  from  that  Vulcano,  which 
is  near  it,  out  of  which  it  caft  Fire  in  abundance. 

Soconufio  hath  only  the  little  City  Gue'vetland,  on  the  Coafi  nothing 
of  particular  or  worth  to  be  noted  in  it. 

Cbiapa  is  not  very  fruitful  in  Corn,  or  Fruits,  but  well  flocked  with 
lofty  Trees,  {bme,  yielding  Rofin,  other  precious  Gums,  and  others  ^ 
Leaves,  that,  when  dried  to  Powder,  make  a  Soveraign  Plaifter  for 
lores.     'Tis  full  of  Snakes  and  other  venemous  Creatures. 

Chiapa  exceedeth  moft  Provinces  ol  America  in  fair  Towns,  'tis 
divided  into  three  parts, 'I'ix:.,  ZeUales,  and  Zeques. 

Chief  places  are  C/j/^^^  iJe^/ and  C/;c^pe  de  Indies ,  twelve  Leagues 
from  tbe  firft  upon  the  River  Greja'vaha,  St.  Bartbolomev's.  at  the 
foot  of  the  CuchumatlanesM.oimt;x'ms,  Capandlfajlla  noted  ior  its  Cotton 
Wool. 

Near  Chiapa  are  feveral  Fountains  which  are  ftrangc  ,•  near  Jcax- 
tttla  is  a  Well,  whofe  Water  is^  obferved  to  rife  and  fall  according 
to  the  flowing"  and  Ebbing  of  the  Sea,  though  far  from  it ,  near 
St.  Barthohmcws  is  a  Pit,  into  which,  it  one  cait  a  Stone,  though  ne- 
ver fo  fmall,  it  makes  a  noife  as  great  and  teuible  as  a  Clap  of 

Thunder  ,\- 


imm 


mm 


5^4  Of  New  S  P  A  r  K 

Thunder,-  .mother  Fountain,  that  for  three  years  together  increa- 
feth_,  though  there  be  no  Rain,  and  for  three  years  after  diminifheth, 
though  there  be  never  fo  much  ;  another  that  falls  in  rainy  wea- 
ther, and  rifes  in  dry  ,•  another  that  kills  Birds  and  Beafts  that  drink 
it,  'yet  cures  the  Sick. 

The  entrance  into  Golfe  Dttlce  is  ftreightned  with  two  Rocks  or 
Mountains  on  each  fide,  but  within  a  fine  Road  and  Harbor,  wide 
and  capacious  tofecure  a  thoufand  Ships. 

Honduras,  ovComayagua,  is  a  Country  of  pleafant  Hills  and  fruit- 
full  Vallies,  hath  Fruits,  Grains,  rich  Paftures,  brave  Rivers,  and 
Mines  of  Gold  and  Silver,  but  its  greateft  profits  is  Wool.  Its  chief 
places  are  Vattadolid,  equally  diftant  between  the  two  Seas,  fituate  in 
a  pleafant  fruitful  Valley,  z.  -Gratias  a  Dios,  near  the  rich  Mines  of 
Gold.  ; .  Saint  Jitan  del  Forto  de  los  Cavallosy  once  a  famous  Tort, 
4.  Truxillo^  both  pilUiged  by  the  Englifij. 

Nicaragua  called  Mabomets  Paradife,  by  reafon  of  its  ff.rtility  and 
ftore  of  Gold,  a  Country  deltitute  of  Rivers,  the  want  whereof  is 
fupplied  by  a  great  Lake,  which  Ebbs  and  Flows  like  the  Sea  ,•  upon 
its  Banks  are  feated  many  pleafant  Cities  and  Villages,  the  chief  is 
Leon  near  unto  a  Vulcam  of  Fire,  where  a  Fryer,  feeking  for  Trea- 
iure,  met  with  the  end  of  his^delign,  and  of  his  Life,  the  Refidence  of 
the  Governor,  and  Seat  of  a  BiJhop.  Granada  beautified  with  a 
fair  Church  and  Caftlc.  Jaen,Scgcviaj  and  Realeio  ;  near  Mar  del  Zur. 

The  City  Granada  is  on&  of  the  moft  richeit  places  in  the  India's. 

The  palfage  of  the  Lake  Grw^^/^,  or  Nicaragua,  called  £/ De/^- 
guadera  is  very  dangerous. 

Cofiarica,  and  Veragtta,  are  the  two  moft  Eaftern  Provinces  of  the 
Audience  of  Gitatimala,  in  the  firil,  are  the  Cities  of  Carrago,  feated 
between  the  two  Seas,  in  the  other.  La  Conception,  La  Trinadad,  and 
Sancfa  B,  being  the  place  where  the  Spaniards  melt,  refine,  and  c.ift 
their  Gold  into  Bars  and  Ingots. 


Wcff 


,1,.^ 


Of  tfem  M  S  X I  C  0. 


y8? 


WEft  of  Florida  y  .md  North  o£New  Spain,thtve  are  numerous  In- 
habit.-intSj  and  various  Provinces  and  Countries  little. known 
by  the  Europeans, which  I  call  in  general  iV(?7/>  Mexico  •  others  compre- 
hend them  under  the  name  ofNev->  Gravada,  however  there  have  been 
obfcrved  divers  people  very  different  in  their  Languages,  Manners  and 
Cuftoms,  fome  having  fixed  and  fettled  Habitations,  others  wandring 
after  their  Flocks, fome  dwelling  in  Cities  or  Towns^others  in  Herds 
or  Troops  like  the  Tartars.This,  Country  was  firft  made  known  to  the 
Spaniards  by  the  Travels  of  Fryer  M?rco</(?iV/y^,inflamcd  by  whofe  re- 
ports Vafquejc  di  Coronado,  in  the  year  r  ^40,  undertook  the  further 
difcoverv  tliereoi:'  where  not  finding  what  they  looked  for.  Gold  and 

Ffff  "  Silvet 


^ 


mfimmf 


mm 


Of  New  MEXICO 


Silver,  hungry  honour  yielding  but  poor  fubfiftance,  the  further 

fearch  of  theife  Countries  was  quite  laid  afide,  almoft  as  little  known 

i     now  as  beforej  New  Mexico ,  California,  Anian,  ^iviria,  and  Libola,  are 

;^,    the  principal  parts  of  it ;  St.  Fe  or  St.  Foy  is  the  principal  City,  di- 

■;    ftant  from  the  OW  A/e«;;Vo,  above  five  hundred  Leagues,  being  the 

Refidence  of  the  Sfani^  Governor,  where  they  have  a  Garifon  and 

Silver  Mines. 

California,  once  efteemed  a  Teninfula,  now  thought  to  be  an  Ifland, 

■  ":    extending  in  length  ft-om  the  twenty  fecond  Degl-ee  .of  Northern 

"^     latitude  to  the  forty  fecond,  but  the  breadth  narrow,  the  Northern 

Point  called  Cape  Blanco,  of  which  there  is  little  mernorablej  the 

moft  Southern  called  Cape  St.  Lucas,  remarkable  for  the  great  Prize 

there  taken  from  the  Spaniards  by  Captain  Cavendijh,  in  Jiis  Circum- 

I     navigationof  the  World,  y^»»o  1J87. 

Where  is  alfo  JVb'v^ -^/^/o»,  dilcovered  hy  S'is,  Francis  Dtake,  Anm 
>  1 577,  and  by  him  fo  named  in  Honour  of  hiS  own  Country,  onc©> 
*'     qalled  Albion,  who  caufed  a  Pillar  to  be  eredled  in  the  Place,  on 

which  he  faftened  the  Arms  o( England. 
!         Oppofite  to  Cape  BLneo,  and  the  utmoft  North  parts  of  America 
:^'  lies  the  fuppofed  Kingdom  ofAnian,  from  Whence  ^he  ;Streights  of 
t    Anian,  which  are  by  fome  thought  t^  part  v^/?#.apd4«*^^i<^j  do  de- 
;     rive  their  name.      -  . '    '  •      ^.^..*'^a.  ^^J^^-i-      i^.  '      t--  \ 

The  Riches  of^iiiiria  confift  in  theii"  Oxen,  whofe  Flefh  is  the 
orcn^pary  Food  of  the  Inhabitants,  their  Skins  ferve  them  for  cloath- 
ing,  tfieir  Hair,  for  Thred,  of  their  Nerves  and  Sinews  they  make 
Cords  and.Bow-ftrings,-  of  their  Bones,  they  make  Nails  and  Bod- 
kins ;  of  their  Horns  Trumpets  j  of  their  Bladders  Veffels  to  keep 
Water  in,  and  their  Dung  when  dried  ferve  for  Fire. 

In  Cibola,  Granada,  Acoma,  and  fome  other  Places  the  Natives  live 
in  Foretrefles  upon  the  Mountains  withPalifadoes  and  Moats,  calling 
their  Villages  by  the  names  of  their  Cacicks,  which  laft  no  longer 
than  their  Lives,  therefore  to  us  uncertain. 

The  River  oiNort,  which  in  all  other  Maps  is  made  to  fall  into 
.  Mar  delVermejo,  or  Mar  del  Calif ornia^  falls  with  three.  Mouths  into 

theiWwif<?»  Gulph. 
■;;  j:n:v,-  -^-  ■         '  .  •        :  ^-     .  ,    -:.     . 


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Florida  was  firft  difcoverea  by  the  Englljh,  under  the  Condua  of 
Sebapan  Cabot,  1479.  Atterwards,  larther  fearched  into  by 
John  Depoma.  Spaniard,  who  took  poffeflion  of  it  in  the  name  of  that 
King  IC27,  by  him  called  Florida:  Its  Coaft  is  on  the  Gulph  of 
MexiL  which  flows  on  its  South  ;  it  extends  it  felf  now  from  the 
River  PalmOS,  which  bounds  it  on  the  Province  of  Panuco  mNew 
Spain,  unto  Bay  Saint  Matheo,  or  Mar  del  Nors  between  this  Gulph 

^^Holida  ftretches  out  a  Feninfula  towards  the  South.where  the  Cape 
of  Florida  is  not  diftant  from  the  IHand  Cuba,  above  thirty  fiv^  or 
forty  Leagues.  Others  only  give  the  name  oi  Florida  to  the  Penmjula 

F  ff i  i.  ^* 


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ofTegefli,  which  advances  to  the  South,  and  contributes  to  form  the 
Great  Gulph  of  Mx/Vtf^  and  the  Chanel  of  Bahama.  The  Air  ofFlo^ 
rida  and  Carolina  is  fo  temperate,  that  Men  live  to  the  Age  of  two 
hundred  and  fifty  years,  while  the  Children  of  five  Generations  are 
all  alive  at  the  fame  time.  The  Soil  is  very  fertile,  iiill  of  Eruit* 
Trees,  and  the  Towns  the  beft  peopled  in  all  Amerka,  The  Prin- 
cipal River  is  that  of  the  Holy  Ghofi,  which  falls  into  the  Gulph  of 
Mexico.  The  Cloaft  is  very  inconvenient  for  great  Veffels,  by  realbn 
of  the  fhallowkefs  of  the  Water.  The  Inland  Country  is  poffeffed 
by  t\\Q, Savages,  under  the  JurifdiAion  ofTaroufilsy  who  are  their 
Lords.  They  are  of  an  Olive  Colour,  'great  Statue,  well  propor- 
tioned, their  Hair  black  and  long,  their  Women  ofgood  fhape 
and  handfome,  they  adore  the  Sun,  and  the  Moon,  and  though  they 
make  War  one  with  another,  neverthelefe  the  £wo£ww  cannot  m^er 
them.     :,.;•■  .  .  .'--.....  —  ^  •_  -^  - 

'  They  have  publick  places,  where  they  meet  for  the  diftributibn  of 
Corn,  which  they  give  to  every  Family  that  ftand  in  ncied  of  it. 
The  Spaniards  have  poffeffed  the  Coafi  of  Saint  Aufims^  and  Saint 
Mathews y  two  inconfiderable  Colonies,  though  there  be  a  Caftle  be- 
longing to  each  of  them.  Saint  Aufiin  is  of  moft  Confequence,  by 
seafon  of  the  Babawa,  through  which  the  Spanljh  Fleets  ufuallypafs, 
^hen  they  return  irom  Havana  into  Europe.  The  Situation  of^this 
Country  may  be  feen  in  the  Map  ;  containing  all  thofe  takes  and 
Rivers  of  Canada,  as  they  have  of  late  years  been  difcovered  by  the. 
B-ench  and  Englijh,  I  had"  long  waited  for  a  new  Defcription  of  the 
Country,  and'of  thofe  vaft  Inland  Seas  and  Rivers, foadvantageoufly 
fituated  for  Trade  and  Commerce  thatit  muft  needs  be  one  of  the 
fineft  Plantations  in  the  World.  But  at  prefent,  the  Proprietors,  and 
thofe  that  are  concerned^  are  not  willing  to  publiili  any  thing  of  it, 
and  therefore  I  muft  be  filent,.  Since  the  writing  of  this  one  Father. 
Henepln  hath  publiflied.a  large. Defcription  ol^this  part  of  the  World. 


A 


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m^-'-i"  '^^"■'"wiw 


C 


Arolina  aboutthe  yeari66o.  was  by  his  Majefty,  the  king  ofGfeap, 
,^^  Britain.Scc,  united  to  his  Imperial  Crown^  and  he  by  his  Roy- 
al Grant  eftabliflied  ita  Province  or  Proprietorfhip  dignified  it  a  Princi- 
pality, and  granted  it  by  Patent  to  the  Lord  Chancellor  Clarendon,  to 
the  Lord  Duke  oi Albemarle ^co  the  Earl  oiCrawnJiO  the  LordAjhleyCoop* 
cr  Earl  of  Shaft sbury,  to  jFo^Lord  BarkUy,  to  Sir  William  Barkley,  and  to . 
Sir  John  CoUiton  Knt.  and  Baronet^andto  their  Heirs  and  SuccefforSjC^^r. 
It  contains  that  part  of  the.  Continent  of  America^  which  by  the 
French  was  called  Florida  from  her  florid  and  fragrant  Fields^  verdant'. 
MeadowSjdelightful-S^jvtfwtf'jjguarded  with  (lately  Woods.  It  extends, 
it  felf  from  the  River  St.  Mathto  to  Caratne,  aa  Inlet  near  Vir^mia^ 


;.^.»T.-.-,-i;i- 


I      ■ « 

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y^o  i^  Vefcrlfflm  rf  Carolina; 

In  this  Urge  Trad  of  Land  are  many  Navigable  Rivers,  the  chief 
whereof  are  !/f//'tfw<«r/ff  River,  Naratoke  River,  Pentego  River,  Neufe  or 
Nus  Kivcr /clarendon  River,  U^ater  K{yev,Craven  or  Satttee  Kiver ^y^Jhley 
KivcryCooper  River,5/tfwo  River,£////?oRiver,Cc//fft»  RivcryCamhahe^nd 
fytfiroKivQr,May  and  il4iji^/6eo River, many  lafe,  commodious  and  fpa- 
cious  Harbors,  and  for  lelTer  Rivers  and  Brooks,  it  hath  innumerable. 

It  contains  two  principal  fettlements,  the  one  called  Albemarle, 
otherwife  Roanoke  fituated  in  about  thirty  five  Degrees  of  Northern 
Latitude,  from  whence  as  good  Beef  and  Pork  have  been  ftored,  and 
fentto  other  Plantations  as  Art  andlnduftry  can  Improve,  'tis  a  large 
and  fpacious  fettlement,  confifting  at  preient  of  fome  two  or  three 
hundred  upon  a  fertile  Soil.  But  the  late  and  flourifliing  Plantation 
or  Settlement  lies  more  Southerly  .upon  the  Navigable  Rivers  ofAjh- 
lej  and  Coopcr,known  to  the  Natives  oy  the  Names  of  ff^ando  and  Kiaivah, 

Carolina  is  of  a  fertile  and  fruitful  Soil,  where  the  Natives  are  ftrong, 
lively,  and  well  fhapfen  People,  well  humor'd^  and  generally  kind  to 
the  Englijlj.  They  live  a  long  and  pleafant  life,  taking  little  care  for 
the  future.  Their  old  Women  plant  their  Mays:  And  for  the  refl,  the 
Hiver  affords  them  good  Fifh  enough.  And  in  the  Wood,  they  have 
plenty  of  Provifions.    Its  chief  place  is  Charles  Town. 

JNeither  is  the  heat  fo  fultry  nor  ofFenfive  as  in  places  of  the  fame 
Latitude  of  the  old  World  ,•  nor  is  the  Winter  fo  pinching  :  Yet 
enough  to  correft  the  humors  of  Mens  Bodies,  to  ftrengthen  and  pre- 
ferve  them  in  health,*  and  enough  alfo  to  put  fuch  a  ftop  to  the  Rife 
and  Sap  and  the  budding  of  Plants,as  to  make  them  Bucf  and  BlolTom 
in  their  diffind  Scafons,  and  keep  even  pace  till  they  be  gathered. 
Which  makes  it  alfo  proper  for  Wine  and  Oyl  ,•  of  both  which  they 
may  in  time  have  good  quantities. 

Liberty  of  Confcience  is  there  allowedalfQ ;  but  Atheifm,  Irreli- 
gion  and  vitious  Lives  are  condemned.  Iht  Englijh  Proprietors  have  a 
Regifter  of  all  Grants  and  Conveyances  ot  Land  to  prevent  Suits  and 
Controverfies.  And  in  fum,  their  frame  r-i  Government  is  generally 
fo  well  put  together,  that  judicious  Men  that  have  feen  it,  fay,  it's 
the  bell  for  the  People  that  live  under  it  of  any  they  have  read. 

To  conclude,  here  the  Savavas  are  crowded  with  Deer,large  and 
ftately  Herds  of  Cattle  parol  the  Meadows.  Here  the  pleafant  Pafi:urcs 
abound  with  Sheep  ana  Oxen,the  Fields  are  replenifhed  with  Englifi 
and  hdian  Corn.  The  Gardens,  as  in  Afia  and  Europe,  are  imbeliined 
with  the  choicefl  Fruits  and  Flowers ;  Here  the  Heavens  fhine  with  a 
Sovei'aign  Ray  of  Health,a  ferene  Air  anda  lofty  Sky  defends  it  from 
tlie  noxious  Infections,  and  common  Dif!erripers  that  are  incident  to 
other  parts  of  the  World.  In  a  word,'tisafalubriousAir  to  the  Sick,  a 
generous  retirement  and  flielter  to  tlie  injured  and  oppreired.  'Tis  a 
Fund  and  Treafury  to  them  that  would  oe  Rich.    '  No 


4  X^c/fri/f/M^/VirgioiaW  Mary-Land.  ^91 


NO  fooner  had  Colonus,  alias  Columhus,  made  his  prime  difcovery 
of  the  Weftern  World^when  feconded  by  John  Caht  SLFenetian, 
the  Father  ofSehfiian  Cabot ^  in  behalf^  by  the incouragement,  and  At- 
the  Charges  oi Henry  the  feventb.  King  o( England^  who  in  the  year 
i497,difcovered  all  this  Coaft  from  the  Cape  oiFlorJam  the  South, 
beyond  New-found4&nd ;  in  the  North  as  far  to  the  Latitude  of  67 
and  half :  Caufing  the  Sach'ms  Petit-Kings  to  turn  Homagers  to  the 
King  and  Crown  of  England, 
This  difcovery  by  the  two  Cahots^  Father  and  Son,  did  iirft  intitle 

the. 


'■*■ 


!■ 


the  Crown  o£  England,  to  the  right  of  that  vaft  Trad  oi  Land.    '^ 

This  defign  was  after  feconded  by  Mr.  Bare,  bringing  thence  cer- 
tain of  the  faid  Petit-Kings,  who  did  homage  to  King  Tlenr^  the  Eight. 

Kedifcovered  .by  the  DireAion,  and  at  the  charge  of  Sir  JValter 
Rawleigb  Anno  1584  ,•  who  fending  Mr.  PA;7/p  Amadas,  An^'M.Y.  Arthur 
Barlovf,  did  take  pofleflion  thereof  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  name  ,•  in  ho- 
nor of  whom^hecaufed  all  the  faid  TraAof  Land  to  be  called  Virginia. 

Some  fay,  it  was  fo  called  by  the  Queen  her  felf^  by  the  Natives 
called  Afalcben,  but  Virginia  is  now  circumfcribed  by  that  {pace  of 
Land  that  lies  between  Mary^Land,  which  bounds  it  on-  the  North, 
and  Carolina  on  the  South.  New-England,  New-Tori,  New-Jerfey^ 
Mary-Land,  Carolina  and  Penfihania  ,  have  fmce  been  feperated  from 
it  by  particular  Patents,  and  made  diftind  Provinces  ofthemfelves. 

The  entrance  by  Sea  into  this  Country,  is  by  the  Mouth  of  the 
Bay  of  Chefa^eac,  between  Cafe  Henry  and  tape  Charles,    i. 

The  chiet  Rivers  of  Virginia  are,  i.  Powhatan,  now  called  James 
River,  on  the  Weft  fide  ot  the  n^outh  of  the  Bay  ofChefapeac'-  this 
River  is  ai  its  entrance  about  three  Miles  wide,  and  Navigable  about 
one  hundred  and  fifty  Miles.  2.  Pamamkee,  termed  Tork  River, 
fourteen  Miles  Northward  from  James  River  ,  Navigable  now  fixty 
or  fevent}'  Miles ,  but  with  fmall  VelT^ls  about  thlity-  ipr  forty 
Miles  farther.  5 .  Rappahanoc,  anciently  known  by  the  name  of  Top- 
pahaitoc.  Navigable  about  one  hundred  and  thirty  Miles,  Befidcs  thefe 
Navigable  ri.id  more  principal  Rivers,  there  are  other  fmaller  Rivers, 
and  of  lefs  note,  which  fall  into  fome,  or  other  of  the  forementioned: 
Into  Pawhattan  falls  Apumatuc  Southward  ,•  Eaftward  ^yanycahanuc, 
Nunfamu/id  and  Chefopeac  ^  Northward  Chickfii*nahania.  Into  Pama- 
tmkee  faWPoyankatank.  ^-  '  "'_„ 

That  part  of  the  Country  now  planted  by  the  Engliflj,  is  divided  in- 
to Nineteen  Counties,  viz.  On  the  Eaftern  Shore,  the  Country  of 
Northampton  in  Acomack',  on  the  Weftern  Shore  the  Countries  of  Car  a- 
tuck,  Lower-Norfolk,  Nanfemund,  Jjle  of  Wight,  Surry,  Warwick,  Hen- 
rico, Jamts,  Charles,  Turk,  New  Kent,  Glocefier,  Middle fex,  Lavcafier, 
Northun$herland ,  Wefimoreland,  Rappahanock  ,  and  Hartford.  Of  the 
few  Towns  hitherto  erede<lin  this  Colony,  the  chief  is  James  Town, 
the  principal  feat  ofthcEngliJl},  and  fo  dv^nominated  from,and  in  ho- 
nor of  King  James  of  Great  Brita'<n.  This  Town  is  fituated  in  a  Pe- 
ninfula,  on  the  North-fnle  of  James  River,  and  hath  in  i^-  many  fair 
Houfes,  whereof  fome  are  of  Brick  ',  and  at  a  little  diftance  from  the 
City  is  a  fair  Brick  Houfe  called  Green  Spring;,  where  the  pre- 
fent  Governor  himfelf  ufually  refides.  The  other  Englifi  Towns 
of  molt  confidcrable  no^e  are  only  three ,  'viz^.  UenricopoUs ,  or 
.  ^  Henrys 


IMff 


mmm 


A  Definition  of  Virginia  ^r  Kferyland. 


S9^ 


Henry  i  Town,  fituated  about  eighty  Miles  ^Totiijamess  City,  iarthef 
within  Land  j  Daks  Gift,  fo  named,  from  Sir  Tlomas  Dak,  Deputy- 
Governour,  in  the  year  1610,  at  whofe  chargos  it  was  built  end 
planted,'  and  Elizabeth's  City,  containing  feveral  good  Houfes  of 
Brick  and  Stone,  and  lying  on  the  fame  fide  of  the  River  with  James  % 
City,  only  nearer  the  mouth  of  the  River. 

Though  Englijhy  and  other  Forreign  Coyns  are  not  wholly  want- 
ing here  upon  leveral  occafions,  yet  the  ufual  way  of  Trafick,  is,  by  ex- 
diange  of  one  commodity  for  another,*  but  the  general  Standard,  by 
which  all  other  Commodities  receive  their  Value,  is  Tobacco ;  which 
of  all  other  Commodities  this  Country  is  capable  of  producing,  hath 
been  hitherto  the  Subjeft  of  the  Planters  Incluftry,  of  which  there  are 
two  forts,  one  called  Sweet-Scented,  the  other  called  Oranoac,  which 
signifies  as  much  as  bright  and  large,-  the  firft  is  of  the  ^reateft  price, 
the  other  more  in  quantity.  The  Plantatiojis  that  are  judg'd  to  pro- 
duce thebeft  fort  of  S'iVeet-Stented,  are  upon  Tork  River:  Of  this 
Commodit^'of  Tobacco,  there  is,  fo  great  a  quantity  planted  in  Vir^ 
•glnia,  and  imported  from  thence  into  Engiand.  that  the  Cuftom  and 
«xcife  paid  for  it  in  England,  yeilds  the  King  about  yoooo  or  60000 
Pound  Sterling  yearly ;  for  there  are  bonnd  hither  every  year  above 
one  hundred  and  fifty  Sail  of  Ships  from  England,  and  other  Engl^ 
Plantations,  nierely  for  the  taking  off  of  tms  Commodity,  which 
they  barter  for  Clothing,  Houftiold-5tufF,and  all  manner  of  Utenfils, 
and.  the  only  thing  which  leffons  the  value  of  it,  is  the  great  quan*. 
tity  that  is  planted  of  it,' which  if  it  were  in  lefs  abundance,  it  would 
be  of  much  more  efteem,  and  yeild  far  greater  profit./ 

The  Government  of  Virginia  is  by  a  Governour  and  Council,  de- 
puted and  authorized  from  time  to  time  by  the  King  oi Great  Britain^ 
the  Legiflative  Power  being  in  the  Governour,  and  a  General  Aflemblj^ 
which  he  calls  to  advife  with^  and  which  confifts  of  two  Houfes,  the 
upper  Houfe  whidi  is  the  council  it  felf^  and  the  lower  wiiich  conftls 
ofchofenBurgeffes.  ....... 

The  chief  Court  of  Judicature,where  all  Civil  and  Criminal  Caufes 
are  heard  and  determined,  and  where  the  Governour  and  Council  are 
Judges,  is  called  the  Quarter-Court,  as  being  held  every  quarter  of  4 
year.  There  are  alfo  Inferiour  Courts  which  are  kept  every  Month  in 
each  of  the  forementioned  Counties,  v/heretnatters  not  of  thehighel!: 
moment,  that  is  to  fay,  not  relating  to  Life  or  Member,  or  exceed- 
ing a  certain  limited  value  ate  tried,  and  from  whence  in  fuch  Cafes 
Appeals  are  made  to  the  Quarter  Courts.  There  are  likewife  ap- 
pointed by  the  Governour,  for  the  better  admjniflration  of  Jufticeiu 
€very  refpe^ve  Country,  Sheriffs,  Juftiees  of  Peacd,  and  othec 

<»  g  g  g  Officers, 


J 


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i..yitjtiM'-'.-J,. 


mpt-iiHLu 


i.'4 


J54  'A^J>0ftfiphn  ef  Mafy-Laftt!:-  ^^^ 

Officeis,  of  whom  being  deputed  by  the  Governour  to  fit  there^  thefe 
Country-Courts  chiefly  confift'^. 

ThQ  CWmntQr  of  f^rginia  is  generally  healthful,  and  fince  the  reAi- 
fication  of  Diet  and  Lodging,  not  difagreeable  to  Englijh  Bodies  ; 
however  at  the  firft  Plantation  they  werembjeA  toa  Diftemper  called 
a  Seafoning.,  though  of  late  not  frequent,  and  much  lefs  mortal. 


' .  ,r 


;•  J 


,.U    !!. 


lUi 


A  Defcription  of  Mary-Land. 


'  •;  1-, 


MAryLand  is  a  large  and  fertile  Province  lying  between  thirty 
eight  Degrees,  and  forty  Degrees  of  North  Latitudeupon  botl 
fides  ofCbeafa^eak  Bay,  which  is  Navigable  near  two  hundred  Miles. 
The  Southerly  Banks  of  the  River  Tatow-meck  divide  it  from  Virginia 
on  the  South.  The  Atlantick  Ocean  and  Delaware  Bay  bounds  it  on 
the  "Ea^yPenfthanla  on  the  North,  and  the  Meridian  oi  the  firft  Foun- 
tain of  the  River  Tatow-meck  on  the  Weft. 

This  Province  of  iWrfr;'-W/,  his  Ma jefty  King  Charles  theFifft, 
Antto  11622,  granted  by  Patent  to  the  Right  Honourable  Cacilius  Calr 
'vert.  Lord  Baltemore,  and  to  his  Heirs  and  Affigns,  and  by  that  Pa- 
tent 'crbated  him,  and  them  the  true  and  abfolute  Lords,  and  Pro- 
j)rletors'of  the  fame  (faying  the  Allegiance  and  Sovereign  Dominion 
due  to  his  Majefty,  his  Heirs  and  Succeffors,*)  likewife  granting  there- 
by to  them  all  Royal  Jurifdidions  and  Prerogatives,  both  Military 
and  Civile  as  Power  of  enadinf;  Laws,  making  of  War  and  Peace, 
pardoning  Offences,  conferring  of  Honours,  Coyning  of  Money, 
&i.  and  in  acknowledgment  thereof  yeilding  and  paying  yearly  to 
his  Majefty,  his  Heirs  and  Succeffors  two  Indian  Arrows  at  ^''^mdfcr 
Caftle,  on  Eafitr  Tuefday,  together  with  the  fifth  part  of  all  tlie  Gold 
and  Silver  Ore  that  IKall  be  there  found. 

The  Rivers  of  Mary-Land  are  Patcwmeckj  Patuxent,  Ann  Arundel, 
alias  5«w,;j,  Safiimfahamugh,  Choftankc^  Nantecoke,  Tocomoke,  with 
feveral  other  leffer  Rivers  and  Rivulets,  to  the  great  Improveme 
of  the  Country,  and  Beauty  of  the  Province,  which  is  now  vt.) 
healthful  .and  agreeable  to  the  Conftitutions  of  the  Erglijh.  And 
fuch  is  the  temperature  of  the  Air.  that  the  Heats  in  Summer  are  fo 
allayed  by  gentle  Breeze?,  andfrelh  Showers  of  Rain,  and  the  Cold 
in  Winter  is  fo  fnull  and  fhort,  that  tl^c  Inhabitants  are  not  incom- 
ihodedbyckher,"  \    ^"  '.'.  ■     '  ' 


'  Tl 
fmall 

Valies 
moditl 
part 

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the  re 
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Lord! 

in  Rf' 
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Ne 
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of  Ju 
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Gov( 


I  The  Country  is  generally  plain  ^id  €yefl,  yet  not:  Avithout  its": 
(mall  and  pleafant  Hills,  which  heighten  the  Bejiutjj  of  the  adjacent 
Valies.    The  Soil  rich  and  fertiiej  naturally  producing  all  fuch  Gom- 
modities  as  are  found  in  New  Eji^lattd-qr  Fir^ini0y  or.  in  any  other 
part  of  this  Continent.^        :.  x,^;  . .    I >;  m-rj      •    ..  .     •    ;  ■  ' ;   «.   •  :•- 

The  Government  of  Mary  Land  is  by  his  Lordfhips  Care  and  pru- 
dence brought  to  a  good  Ord^  and-Settlement,  and  framed  much  af- 
ter^ the  Model  of  the  Go  *  crnment  in  England.  Upon  Emergent  Oc- 
cafionsj  his  i^ordftiips  Governour, there  advifeth  with  the  two  Eftates 
of  the  Province,  which  confift  of  an  upper  and  lower  Houfe,  and  is 
called  a  General  Affembly^  the  upper  Houfe  confifts  of  the  Governor 
and  Council,  and  fuch  Lords  of  Mannors,  and  others,  as  his  Lordftiip 
or  his  Lieutenant  ftiall  by  Writ  from  time  to  time  call  thither  ,•  and 
the  lower  Houfe  confifts  of  Delegates,  chofen  by  the  Inhabitants  in 
the  refpedive  Counties  in  the  faid  province,*  which  AfTembly  his  Lord- 
'^jip,or  his  Lieutenant,  Convenes,  Prorogues,  or  Diffolves  at  pleafurci 
lid  whatfoever  is  Decreed  or  Enaded  by  this  Affembly,  with  hir 
Lordfhips  affent,  is  of  the  fam,e  Force  there  as  an  A<ft  of  Parliament  is 
in  England,  SiTi^  cannot  pafs  or  be  repealed  without  the  concurring 
affent  of  his  Lorpihip,  with  the  other  two  Eftates. 

Next  to  this  Legiflative  Council,  is  the  Provincial  Court,  which  is 
held  every  quarter  of  a  year  at  St.  Maries  City;  this  is  the  chief  Couit 
of  Judicature,  where  the  moft  important  Judicial  Cauff  d  are  triedj<^ 
which,  in  the  abfenceof  the  Lord  Proprietary,  the  Lieutenant^  oc 
Governor,  and  Council  are  Judges;  and  this  is  for  the  "whole  Pro- 
vince; but  for  each  particular  County  (for  a  great  part  of  the  pro* 
vince  whsre  any  Englljh  Men  are  feated,  is  divided  into  ten  Counties) 
there  u^^  other  inferior  Courts  which  are  held  fix  titnes  of  the  year, 
in  e  ;i  c.f  thefe  Counties,  for  the  Trial  of  Caufes  not  relating/ ta 
life  .  .V  :;T:ceeding  the  value  of  three  thoufand  weight  of  Tobacco  | 
wita  a->.  i(;j.'.ls  from  them  to  the  Provincial  Court. 

Of  tu"  :;n  Counties,  five  lie  on  Weft  fide  of  the  Bay  of  Chea^ 
fapeack,  (viz)  St.  Maries ,  Charles  ,  Calveat ,  Ann  Arundel,  and  Balti- 
more Counties  ,•  the  other  five  on  the  Eaftern  S\iovQ,(viz,)  Somerfet, 
Dorceficr,  Talhot,  Cecil,  and  Kent,  Countie: ;  in  ibine  of  which  there 
are  leveral  Towns  built,  as  Cahaton,  Harrington,  and  Harvj- 
Town I  on  the  Eaft  fide  of  St.  Georges  River,  is  St.  Maries  CA- 
v: ,  the  Original  and  chief  Town  of  this  Province,  where  the  Ge- 
*tr?ivl  Affemblies  meet ,  and  the  Provincial  Courts  are  kept,  and  al- 
io ••  fecreteries  Office,  it  being  ereded  into  the  Priviledge  of  a 
City,  by  the  name  of  St.  Maries,  which  gives  denomination  to  that 

G  g  g  g  a  ,.      County. 


#*- 


^mimif 


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X 


County.  The  Ground  plat  of  a  Fort  and  Prifon  was  long  fince  laid, 
here,  upon  a  Pokit  of  land  tQtta&^WindmiU-Voint  ^  (from  a  Windmill 
which  tormerly  ftood  there  )  being  a  ^'^^y  proper  fituation  for  the 
commanding  of  St.  Georges  River;  this  Fort  will  make  a  fecure  Har- 
bor for  Ships  to  ride  in  trom  all.  danger  of  Hoftile  and  Piratical  In- 
vafions. 

Befides  the  Houfe  which  belongs  to  the  Gorernour  there,  by  tht 
name  of  St.  Johns  in  this'  City,  the  prefent  Governor,  Mr.  Charles 
Calvert y  his  LorplhipsSon  and  Heir,  hath  of  late  years  built  him  n 
very  fair  Houfe  partly  of  Brick ,  partly  of  Timber ,  where  he  and 
his  Family  ufually  refide,  about  eight  Miles  from  St.  Maries  at  Mat^ 
ta^any^ 

Thp  Natives  of  this  Country  are  generally  well  proportioned^  and 
able-bodied  Men,  deligh:  y  ^'  'xfly  in  Hunting,  being  generally  ex- 
cellent Marks-Men,  while »  7omen  not  only  manage  theirOome- 
ftick  Affairs,  but  alio  Tillagv,  Plantation,  and  all  manner  of  im- 
provement of  their  Land. 

To  conclude,'  the  Impeopling  and  Trad6  of  this  province,  by  the 
vaft  Expence,  Care  andlnduftry  of  the  Lord  Proprietary,  hath  been 
improved  to  that  heicth,  that  in  the  year  1670,  there  were  reckoned 
near  twenty  thouland  EngUjh  planted  there. 

And  that  which  keeps  them  together  in  the  greateft  Peace,  Order,, 
a,«id  Concord  imagiiuble,  is  the  Liberty  of  Confcience,  which  his 
Lordfliip  in  prudence  allows  to^U  Perfons  that  profefs  Chriftianity. 
though  of  mfferent  perfwafions,  fo  that,  every  Man  lives  quietly  and 
fccurely  with  his  Neighbour,  neither  molefting,  nor  being  molefted' 
for  difference  of  Judgment  in  Religion,*  which  Liberty  is  eftablifhed 
there  by  an  Aft  of  AiTembly,  with  his  Lordfhips  confent  to  continue 
ibceveiv 


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A  Vefcrtfthn  of  Pcnfilvania  W  New  Jarfey.         59 f 


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II.  The  Air  is  fvveet  and  clear,  the  Heavens  ferene^like  the  South- 
parts  of  France,  rarely  overcaft  ,•  and  as  the  Woods  come  by  nuni- 
bers  of  People  to  be  more  cleared,  that  it  felf  will  Refine, 

III.  The  Waters  are  generally  good,  for  the  Rivers  and  Brooks 
havc'moftly  Gravel  and  Stony  Bottoms,  and  in  Number  hardly  cre- 
dible. We  have  alfo  Mineral  Waters,  that  operate  in  the  jfame  man- 
ner with  Barnet  and  North-Hall,  not  two  Miles  from  Thiladelphia^ 

''  IV.  For  the  Seafons  of  the  Year.  Firft,  of  the  Fall,  I  found  it  from 
the  i^th  of  OBober,  to  the  beginning  of  December,  as  we  have  it  ulli- 
ally  in  England  in  Seffember,  or  rather  like  an  Englijh  mild  Spring. 
From  December  to  the  beginning  of  the  Month  called  March,  we  had 
fharp  frofty  Weather,*  not  foul,  thick,  black  Weather,  as  our  North- 
Eaft  Winds  bring  with  them  in  England^  but  a  Skie  as  clear  as  in 
Summer,  and  the  Air  dry,  cold,  piercing  and  hungry.  The  reafon 
of  this  Cold  is  given  from  the  great  Lakes  that  are  fed  by  the  Foun- 
tains of  Canada.  The  Winter  before  was  as  mild,  fcarce  any  Ice  at 
all  ,•  while  this  for  a  few  Days  Froze  up  our  great  River  Delaware. 
From  that  Mpnth  to  the  Month  called  June,wQ  enjoyed  afweet  Spring, 
no  Gufts,  but  Gentle  Showers,  and  a  fine  Skie.  From  thence  to  this 
prefent  Month,  which  ended  Summer,  (commonly  fpeaking)  we  have 
had  extraordinaity  Heats,  yet  mitigated  fometimes  by  cool  Breezes. 
And  whatever  Mifts,  Fogs  or  Vapors  foul  the  Heavens  by  Eafterly  or 
Southerly  Winds,  in  two  hours  time  are  blown  away  by  the  North- 
Weft  ,•  the  one  is  always  followed  by  the  ather*,-  A  Remedy  that  feems 
to  have  peculiar  Providence  in  it  to  the  Inhabitants. 

V.  The  natural  produce  of  the  Country ,of  Vegetables,  are  Trees, 
Fruits,  Plants,  Flowers.  The  Trees  of  moft  note  are,  the  Black- 
Walnut,  Cedar,  Cyprus,  Chefnut,  Poplar,  Gumwood,  Hickery, 
Saffafrax,  Afh,  Beech  and  Oak  of  divers  forts,  as  Red,  White  and 
Black  ,•  Spanijh  Chefnut  .md  Swamp,  the  moft  durable,  of  ail  which 
there  is  plenty  for  the  ufe  of  Man, 

The  Fruits  that  I  find  in  the  Woods  are  the  White  and  Black  Mul- 
i>erry,  Chefnut,  Walnut,  Plums,  Strawberries,  Cranberries,  Hurtleber^ 
lies  and  Grapes  of  divers  forts.The  great  led  Grape  is  in  it  felf  an  extra- 
ordinary Grape,and  by  Art  doubtlefs  may  be  cultivated  to  an  excellent 
Wine,  if  not  fo  fwect,  yet  little  inferiour  to  thQFront27jiack,2LS  it  is  not 
much  unlike  in  taft .  There  is  a  white  kind  ot  Muskadcl,and  a  little  Black 
dape,  like  the  Clufter-Grape  of  England,  not  yet  fo  ripe  as  the  other,- 
hue  xhey  tell  nie,  \y  hen  ripe,  fvveeter,  and  that  tbeyonly  wantjskilful 
F,ifferons  to  make  good  ufe  of  them.  Here  are  alio  Peaches,. and  ve- 
ry, t^ood,  and  in  great  qu.mtitics,  not  an  Indian  pUntation  without; 
thenij  but  whether  naturally  here  atjfiiftj^  Ilinow  not,  however,one 
.  '  may" 


m 


may  liave  them  by  Bufliels  for  little,  they  make  apleafant  Drinkj  and 
I  think  not  inferior  to  any  Peach  you  have  inEnglandj  except  the  true 
J^Jewington. 

VI.  The  Artificial  produce  of  this  Country,  is  Wheat,  Barley, 
Oats,  Rye,  Peafe,  Beans,  Squafhes,  Pumpkins,  Water-Melons,  Musk- 
Melons,  and  all  Herbs  and  Roots  that  our  Gardens  in  EngUnd  ufually 
bring  forth.  .\  ^  , 

VTI.  Oi  living  Creatures^  FiM  Fowl,  and  the  Beafts  of  the  Woods 
here  are  divers  forts,  fome  for  Foocl  and  Profit,  and  fome  for  Profit  only. 

VIII.  We  have  no  want  of  Horfes,  and  fome  are  very  good  and 
Hiapely  enough^  two  Ships  have  been  freighted  to  ^(jr^^^oej  ivith 
Horfes  and  Pipe-ftaves,  fince  my  coming  in.  Here  is  alfo  plenty  of 
Cow-Cattle,  and  fome  Sheep  ^  the  People  plow  moitly  with  Oxen. 

'IX.,  There  are  divers  Plants,  that  only  not  the  Indians  tell  us,  but 
we  have  had  occafion  to  prove  by  Swellings,  Burnings,  Cuts,  &c. 
that  they  are  of  great  Virtue,  fuddenly  curing  the  Patient:  And  for 
fmdll,  I  have  obferved  feveral,  efpecially  one,  the  wild  Mirtle  j,  the 
other  I  know  not  what  to  call,  but  are  nioft  fragrant.        '     ' ,      .  ' 

X.  The  woods  are  adorned  with  lovely  Flowers,  for  Colour,. 
Greatnefs,  Figure  and  Variety:  I  have  feen  the  Gardens  of  %ondon 
beft  ftored  with  that  fort  of  Beauty, but  think  they  maybe  improved 
by  our  Wbods. 

XI.  The  firft  PlanteJ^in  thefe  Parts  were  the  'Dutch ,  and  foon  af- 
ter them  the  Swceds^w^  Finns.  The  Dutch  applied  themfelves  to 
Traffick,  the  Siveeds  and  Finns  to  Husbandry. 

XII.  ThQ  Dutch  inhabit  moftly  thofe  parts  of  the  Province  that  lie 
upon  or  near  to  the  Bay,  and  the  S-weeds  the  Freibes  of  the  Riv^r 
DclaTvar'e.  As  they  are  People  proper  and  ftrong  of  Body,  fo  they 
have  fine  Children,  and  almoft  every  Houfe  full  ,•  rare  to  find  one  of 
them  without  three  or  four  Boys,  and  as  many  Girls;  fome  fix  fQYQti 
and  eight  Sons:  And  I  muft  do  them  that  right,  I  fee  few  young  Men 
more  fober  and  laborious. 

XIII.  The  Dutch  have  a  Meeting  place  for  Religious  WorfKip  at 
New  C  a  file  I  and  the  Sweeds  three,  one  at  Chrifiiajta,  one  at  Tenecum, 
and  one  at  Wicoco,  within  half  a  Mile  of  this  Town. 

XIV.  The  Country  lyeth  bounded  on  the  Eaft,  by  the  River  and 
Bay  of  Delaware,  and  Eafterii  Sea  ,•  it  hath  the  advantage  of  many 
Creeks  or  Rivers  rather,  that  run  into  the  main  River  or  Bay  ^  fome 
Navigable  for  great  Ships,  fome  for  fmall  Craft,-  Thofe  of  moft  E- 
-minency  are  Chrifiianay  Brandyvjine,  Skillpot,  and  Skulkhill;  any  one  of 

which  have  room  to  lay  up  the  Royal  Navy  of  England,  there  being 
from  four  to  eight  Fathom  Water, 


Mi 


■am 


nil  1 1    viw^ifmm* 


•600        ADefcriftm  of?tr\CiWanhand'Sew-''izrCcyl 

XV.  The  leffer  Creeks  or  Rivers,  yet  convenient  for  Sloops  an^ 
Ketches  of  good  burthen,  are  Le-wis,  Mefphilion,  Ceelar,  Dover,  Cran- 
brook,  Feverjliamy  and  Georges  hclo^v,  and  Chichefier,  Chefier,  Toacawny, 
Vemntafecka,  Vorf^uejjin,  Nejliimenek  and  Teiiberry  in  the  FreftieSj  ma- 
ny lefler  that  admit  Boats  and  Shallops.  Our  People  are  moft  lettled 
upon  the  upper  Rivers,  which  are  pleafant  and  fweet,  and  generally 
bounded  with  good  Land. .  The  planted  part  of  the  Province  and 
Territories  is  caft  into  fix  Counties,  /Philadelphia,  BucktTtgham,  Cheficr, 
'Ne-w  Cafile,  Kent,  and  Stfjjfex,  containing  about  four  thoiifond  Soulis. 
Two  General  Affemblies  have  been  held,  and  with  fiich  Concord  and 
Difpatch,  that  they  fate  but  three  Weeks,  and  at  leaft  feventy  Laws 
were  paft  without  one  Diflent  in  any  material  thing.  And  for  the 
well  Government  of  thefaid  Counties,  Courtsof  Jufticeareeftabliflit 
in  every  County,  with  proper  Officers,  as  Juftices,  Sheriffi,  Clarks, 
Cpnftables,  &c.  which  Courts  are  held  every  two  Months:  But  to 
prevent  Law  Suits,  there  are  three  Peace-makers  chofen  by  each 
County-Court,  in  the  nature  of  Common  Arbitrators,  to  hear  dif- 
ferences between  man  and  man,-  and  Spring  and  Fall  there  is  an  Or- 
phans Court  in  each  County,  to  infped  and  regulate  the  Affairs  of 
Orphans  and  widows. 

;  XVL  Philadelphia,  thQ  expeftation  of  thofe  that  are  concerned  in 
this  Province,  is  at  laft  laid  out  to  the  great  content  of  thofe  here 
that  are  any  ways  interefted  therein :  Th«  Situation  is  a  Neck  of 
Xand,  and  lyeth  between  two  Navigable  Rivers,'  Delaware  and 
'Skulkill  whereby  it  hath  two  Fronts  upon  the  Water,  each  a  Mile, 
and  two  from  River  to  River.  Delaware  is  a  glorious  River,  but 
ihe  Skulkill  being  an  hundred  Miles  Boatable  above  the  Falls,  and  its 
courfe  North-Eaft  toward  the  Fountain  of  Sujquahannah  (that  tends 
to  the  heart  of  the  Province,  and, both  fides  our  own)  it  is  like  to  be 
a  great  part  of  the  fettlement  of  this  Age.  But  this  I  will  fay  for 
the  good  Providence  of  God,  tliat  of  all  the  many  Places  I  havefeen 
in  the  World,  I  remember  not  one  better  feated  ,•  fo  that  it  feems  to 
me  to  have  been  appointed  for  a  Town,  whether  we  regard  the  Ri- 
vers^ or  the  conveniency  of  the  Caves  ,•  Docks,  Springs,  the  lofti- 
nefsandfoundneis  ofthcLand  andthe  Air,  helcl  by  the  People  of 
rhefc  Parts  to  be  very  good. 


0/ 


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OfiVefi  New  Jirf^y. 


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O/fTe/?  New  Jarfey. 


*• 


THIS  Province  of  IVefiJarfey^  with  that  called  £tf/ J^ir/;^,  a- 
rhong  other  Trads  of  Lands  and  Territories,  was  granted  by 
the  late  King  to  the'  prclbnt  King  James  the  Second,  (wlien  Duke  ot" 
Tork)  and  to  his  Heirs  and  Affigns  for  ever;  who  granted  the  whole- 
Premifes  entire  untoj^o/w  Lord  BeMy^xn^  Sir  Gecrge  Carteret  to  be  hol- 
den  in  common.  And  the  Lord  Berkley  being  minded  to  difpcfe  of  Jii^ 
Moiety  or  half  part,  Edward  Bylpie  bought  the  Taiiie  of  him.  Where* 
upop  that  each  Party  miglit  hold  their  Country  in^feveralty,  it  was 
mutually  agreed  by  Sir  George  Carteret  and  the   laid  Edward  Byllynge^ 
that  a  partition  jhould  be  made  thereof:  the  which  was  accordingly 
done  by  Deed  interchangeable  enroU'd;  which  partition  begins  o« 
the  Weft  fide  of  a  certain  place  upon  the  South  Sea,  call'd  by  the 
Name  of  Little  Eag  //<jr^w,  and  which  runs  from  thence  by' a  ftreight 
Line  t6  the  moft  Northerly  Extent  of  the  whole  Premiies  ^  Upon 
which  Partition  it  was  agreed,  tliat  Carteret s  part  flioiitd  be  call'd  the 
province  of  the  E^fi  New  Jarfey,  and  ByUyvges  pait  fhould  be  call'd 
the  Province  of  Wefi  New  Jarjey.    Eafi  Jarfey  is  bounded  from  th^ 
Line  of  Partition  Eaftward,  part  with  the  Main  Ocean,  and  part  witL 
Hudfms  Kivcr    (which  feperates  it  from  iVc)*;  Tork.)    And  fpyf 
5^*/ from  the  (aid  Partition  Line  expands  it  felf  Southw.ud  an^ 
Weftward,  unto  that  femous  Bay  and  River  of  Delaware-  which  al- 
fo  feperates  that  Province  from  Pepfihania,  in  which  Bay  and  Kiver, 
it's  well  knovVn  Ships  of  the  greatelt  Burthen  may  ride  at  Anchor,  and 
pafs  with  fafety  an  hundred  Miles  up  into  the  Country:  And  in  which 
•River,  front  the  Mouth  of  the  Bay,  are  not  lefs  than  tw'enty 
Creeks  and  Harbors :  fome  whe/eof  ilfuing  five,  ten,  fifteen,  if  not 
twenty  Miles  into  the  province.    The  Partition  being  thus,imadc  of 
the  two  Provinces,  the  Government  of  If efi  Jarfey  was  diereupr 
on  given  and  granted  by  the  prefent  King,  when  Duke  of  Tork,  un- 
to tlie  abovenamed  Edward  Byllynge,  and  his  Heirs,  with  the  fame  Ju- 
rifdidions.  Powers,  Authorities  and  Government,  as  fully  and  am- 
ply to  all  intents  and  purpofes,  as  the  fame  was  granted  to  him,  his 
Heirs  and  Alligns,  by  the  lat(8  King  his  Brother,  who  was  alfo  pleas'd 
ta  approve  thereof  by  Publication,  under  the  Royal  Signet  and  Sigii 
Manual,  Thereby,  and  therein,  commanding  the  prefent  and  future  ' ' 
,    .  Hhhh  Inhalji..  . 


*>. 


.  i 


ib 


Inhabitants,  within  the  Limits  of  the  faid  Province,  to  yeild  all  due 
Regard  and  Obedience  unto  him^  the  iaid  Edward  Billyngc  as  their 
Governor,  and  to  his  Heirs,  Deputies,  Agents,  &c.  This  Province 
from  the  Mouth  of  Delaware  Bay,  along  by  the  Sea  fide,  to  the  Line 
of  the  Partition,  appears  in  the  Map  to  be  about  fixty  Miles  in 
breadth:  And  from  the  Mouth  of  the  faid  Bay,  to  the  Head  or  moft 
Northerly  Branch  of  the  River  of  Delaware,  likeyvife  appears  to  be 
about  two  hundred  and  fifty  Miles  in  length.  v .  i .  ''ii  s  . '  i 

-  This  Province  is  divided  into  one  hundred  Shares  or  Proprieties, 
as  may  be  feeo  by  the  Regiftred  Deeds  of  every  perfon  or  perfons, 
who  have  already  purchaled  a  whole  or  part  of  a  Propriety  jointly 
with  others,  which  Regifter  is  kept  by  Htrbert  Sfringet  in  George-yard 
in  Lumhard'firetty  London 'y  unto  whom  any  perfons,  who  are  minded 
to  buy  one  or  more  Proprieties,  may*  repair:  The  faid  Edward  Byl- 
lynge  having  above  twenty  of  thofe  hundred  yet  to  fell.  As  to  the 
Governme'nt,  out  of  each  Propriety,  a  Free-holder  is  to  be  Annually 
chofen  by  the  Inhabitants  thereof,  and  to  Meet  and  Sit  as  a  Goaeral 
Affembly  upon  a  certain  day  every  year,  which  with  the  Governour, 
or  his  Lawful  Deputies  are  the  Legiflative  Power  of  the  Province,  to 
make  and  alter  Laws  in  all  times  coming:  Butnot  contrary,  of  inan^ 
wife  repugnant  to  Liberty  of  Confcience  in  matters  of  Faith  towards 
God,  or  the  Religious  Exercife  thereof:.  Liberty  and  Property,  both 
as  Men  and  Chriftians  being,,  eftablijb'd  in  Wefi  New  Jarjey,  by  an  ir- 
revocable Fundamental  Law,  never  '•o  be  extinguiib'd  or  invaded  by 
any  fubfequent  Law  hereafter  to  be  made  whatfoever :  As  alfo  not 
any  the  leaft  Tax,  Talledge,  Subfidie,  Rates  or  Services,  to  be  impo- 
fed  upon  the  People,*  but  by  the  confent  Qf  thefe  thefr  Reprefenta- 
tiveS  io  the  General  AlTemblies.  The  Towns  and  Plantations  already 
fettled  in  this  Province,  for  the  mofl  part  are  upon  that  Noble  and 
Navigable  River  Delaware,  or  yponlomeT  Creek  or  Harbor  conti- 
guous thereimto,  or  upon  the  South  Sea.  And  upon  both,  are  the 
nk'e  conveniericfis  for  thoufands  of  more  Familes.  Its  chief  Towns 
and  Rivers  are  noted  in  the  Map:  And  it  certainly  enjoys  all  the  ad- 
.lantages  that  the  other  garts  do,. 


rpl 


^^ 


-v. 


7f&t 


■..--'****\i 


^^f^ 


'.  ^n: 


mm 


The  Defcrr^tm  */Eaft  Newjarfey. 


<ot 


.f'.v 


ii'fV'fi 


The  T>efcn£tiqn  ^Eaft  New  Jarfey,  ^ -*■;• 

'■-'-;'■       ■-.'-■■■:      '    i,-   •  ,  :.    ■:  ■    ,-•"•     "     ,      r         .    ',     '-"••••    •, 

f-  -     .     .  •      •■         •    -  ,  '       •  '•,".■,•.-■'      •  ,        '    •;       '■■'-, 

rovince  of  Eafi,  l^ew  Jarfey  lies  next  to  New  Tork  South 
weft  ward,  having  on  the  South  the  Main  Ocean,  on  the  Eaft 
that  well-known  Bay  for  Shipping,  within  Sandy  Hooke,  to  the 
North,  part  of  \he  province  oi  New  Tork  and  New  Albany ^  and  i$ 
bounded  by  thaj  vaft  NavigaWe  Stream,  called  HttdJ'ons.  River ^  to  the 
forty. one  Degree  of  Northern  Latitude,and  from  thence  crofBng  over 
in  a  ftreight  Line,  extending  to  thd  moft  Nprthern  Branch  or  Part 
of  Delaware  River  j  then  to  the  Weft,  fVefi  Jarfey,  froni  which  di- 
vided by  a  Partition  Line  j-  it  takes  its  beginning  from  a  place  upon 
the  South-Coait,  called  Little  Egg-Harhr^  and  fo  runs  in  a  ftreight 
Line  to  the  aforelaid  Northernmoft  Branch  oi  Delaware  River.  This 
Province  is  very  pleafant  and  healthful,  a  gre^t  part  of  the  bapk 
Land  lying  high. 

As  tp  the  Trees,  Fruits,  and  moft  other  produ<fis,  it*s  not  Inferior 
to  any  of  the  rieighb^iuring  Colonies.     And  for  the  fertility  of  Soil,  . 
frefli-Water  Rivers,    Brooks,    and  pleafant  Springs,    it  is  highly 
efteemcil 

The  Country  along  Rariton-Ri'ver,  js  a  p^ace  fo  jdeli^tful,  and 
fruitful,  that  Ogilby  in  his  Volumn  of  America,  folio  i8i,  182,  ma* 
ny  years  ago  hath  given  the  World  an  extraordinary  account  there- 
of. 

The  Situation  of  this  Province  hath  a  very  great  and  apparent  ad-, 
vantage,  fer  it  lies  even  in^his  Center  of  all  the  Englijh  Plantations 
on, that  Continent,  near  to  an  equal  diftance  from  the  South  parts  of 
Carolina  J  and  the  North  oi  Temaquidi,  the  aforefaid"  Bay  oi  Sandy^ 
Hooke,  being  very  notable,  both  for  the  conveniency  and  fecurity  of 
any  numbef  oJ  Ships :  And  the  Sea-Coafts  of  this  Province  are  very 
commodious  both  for  Trade  and  Filhing  |  elbecially  the  WhaV,  Vifhihg. 

Within  the  faid  Bay,  upon  the  North  fide  of  the  Mouth  oi  Aariton 
River ,  tha'C  is  an  excellent  Tra<a  of  Ground,  called  Aif^oy  Pointy 
where  a  Town  or  City  is  building  called  Perth:  In  which  Town| ' 
feveral  good  Houfes  are  already  built,  and  inhabited,  and  more  daily 
are  building  by  the  Propiietors  and  others^,  that  are  come  to  fettle 
there.  Nothing  can  be  better  and  more  advantageoufly  fituated  thax^ 
this  place  for  a  Town  of  Trade,  which  lies  about  fixtecn  Miles  within 

H  h  hh  a    >:  thk 


.ft 


*»^. 


4-" 


/      ^ 


r 


604  7]&f  D^^r/^fw^iefEaftN^wIarrey^ 

the  aforefaid  Bay,  into  which  there  may  go  in  Ships  of  the  greateft- 
Burden,  and  come  out  again  at  all  Seafons,  as  Well  in  Winter  time  as- 
in  Summer,  and  lie  fafe  in  Harbor,  wfthout  any  inconvenience  of 
Winds  or  Tydes,  andclofe  to  the  Warf  before  theHoufesjiiin  this 
Town  of  ?tnh,  can  lie  Ships  of  three  or  four  hundred  Tun,  with 
their  fafts  op  Shore,  at  low  Water.  ^ 

There  is  befides  the  forementipned  KeMir  T^wn,  feven  Towns 
more  built  in  this  province,  vix^.  ElixMhtih  Town,  Niw^rk,  IVood-^ 
hridie,  Pifcatawiy,  Bergen,  Middletwne  and  Sbrev/shurjf,  in  which, 
and  in  the  out  Plantations,  many  thoufand  People  are  fettled;  who 
poflels  their  Land^,  &c.  fome  by  purchafe,  mqft  upon  vcryr  cafie. 
Rents,  payable  to  the  prefcnt  Proprietors,  there  being  all  Ibrts  of 
excellent  lands  undifpofed  of,  enough  to  plant  man^  more  thou- 
fands  of  Families,  who  ihall  defue  to  trAnlport  thgjifelvei,  thi- 
ther. ..      .■     ■:  .;  .:    .'>-:  ^/     '■:':,     -r^- 

•As  to  the  ri^ht,  which  the  twenty  four  Proprietors  have  to  this., 
Country,  it  is  derived  from  the  Title' of  the  late  Sir  George  Carteret, 
bjf  conveyance  from  the  Earl  of  i^f/cr  and  other  Truftecs,  joiiiihg 
^with  the  Lady  Carteret,  and  is  fince  granted  and  confirmed  in,  the 
year  1682,  to  them,  theit  Heirs  and  Afligns  for  ever,  by  his  prefent 
•  Majefty  king  James  the  Second',  under  his  Hand  ajid  Seal,  With  alt 
the  Royalttes,  Powers  and'  Governments  thereof.  The  latQ  King 
€^barles  the  Second,  w#s  al(b  pleafed  to  approve  of  the  /iifl  Grant 
and  confirmaticfn,  by  publication  under  his  Royal  Signet,  and  Sign 
Manual,  dhted  2;</i  ot  November  168;.  therein,  and  thereby,  com- 
manding all  Planters,  and  Bihabitants  within  the  Limits  of  the  faid 
province  to  y«ild  all  due  Regard  and  Obedience  to  the.faid.Prop>rie- 
tors,  their  Deputies,  Agents,  &c.,j6S6,  '       '  '-^    ' 

In  this  Province  are  lome  NoWemen,  and'leveral  Gentlemen  of  the 
5corfi&.Nntioi>  interefted,  (as  well  as  thofe  o^  England)  fome  of  which 
have  gone  themfelves,  and'Familiies,  and.are  fettled  there,  and  many 
ijun'dred'  others,  are  lenc  from\thence,  who  have  made  good  Farms 
and  Plantations  there,  and,  fundry  perfons  are  concerned  in  Shares 
«nder  feveral  of  the  Projectors,  feme  have  half,  fome  a  quarter,  o- 
tkers  an  eighth ,  or  t^ntfi  Share,  ^c  and  thefe  have  TraAs  of  Land 
laid  out  to  them  by,  thft  Surveyor  General,  according  to  the  proporr 
lions  of  their  re(pe<aive  intereft,  upon  their  fending  over  J^amilies 
and  Servants  to  (ettle  there. 

The  Traders  in  the  Towns  being  furniflied  with  fuch  Goods  and 
Merchandise  (vom  England,  sls  are  proper  to  thofe  Parfs,  where  the 
Planters  and  Farmers  may  be  fupplied  with  all  fuch  neceffaries :  They 
kiving  good  Stocks  of  Cornand'Cactle,  not  only-  for  commutation 


at  ho 

The 

Barrel 

Andt 

Provii 

to  the 

thatp 

In 

is  fuel 

in  Ei 

behal 

from 

goth 

tlieir 

their 


reatelb 
inie  as* 
nee  of 
in  this 
with 

Towns 

hich* 
who 
eafie. 
>rts  of 

thou- 


At  home,  but  for  Exportation  abroad,  to  other  places  that  want. 
The  Town  of  Newark  .ilone,  in  one  year,  made  ready  a  thouland 
Barrels  of  good  -Cyder  out  of  the  Orchards  of  their  own  planting. 
And  the  Town  of  Pf^oodbriJieshovQ  five  hundred  Barrels  of  Pork,  this 
Province  affording  Corn  and  Cattle,  and  other  produft  to  fliip  off 
to  the  Carihbc  lilands,  &c.  to  fupply  their  NeighboAirs,  who  have  not 
that  plenty,  ,      . 

In  this  Province  of  Eaft  Jarfy  is  this  fiirthcr  encouragement,  there 
is  fuch  good  Provifion  made  for  Liberty  of  Confcience,  and  Property 
in  Eftatc,  by  the  Fundamental  Conftitutions  or  great  Charter,  on 
behalf  of  all  the  Inhabitants,  as.Men  and.Chriftians,  that  very  many 
from  other  parts  oi  America ^  as  well  as  from  Emoff^  have  chofen  ta- 
go  thither  to  live,  where  they  do  not  only  quietly  and  freely  enjoy, 
riieir  Eftates,  but  alfo  an  uninterrupted  treedom  in  the  Exercife  of- 
their  Religion^  according  to  their  particular  Perfwafions. 


'..  I 


J    > 

V     '     s  III 

'  ,■  i 
if 


'    I 


,1  • 

Such  as  defifeto  TranfporP  tijemfih'es  and  Families^  or. ht  others 
.    ways  concern  d  in  this  Colony^  may' he  dir  £iedat  the  Sign  of< 
the  Star  ^  George  Yard  /»  L,ombard*flreet,  where,  and 
when,  to  meet  with  fov/ie  of  the  proprietors^  who.  wifgive 
them  further  Information*  ,    ^ 


■•  ■•_  f 


.a'.v. 


1  i 


'J^     >  :'      .^      '  ■> 


*  i\- 


V 


Ni 


/ 


V^ 


I    ' 


.*;':^ 


NEw  tngland  15  a  vaft  Tra^  of  Laft!.  happily  Situated,  reacli- 
ing  ffiom  rbrty  to  lorty  five  Degrees  of  Northern  Latitude  in 
the  middle  of  the  temperate  Zoncy  and  parallel  to  fome  part  of  Itai)\ 
ill  the  Eaft-ern  HejnifpLre.  .  *      , 

,   The  Country  tor  many  Miles  is  r.ot  MountainouSj  yet  intcrmixt 
with  pleafant  CollineSj  Plains  aod  Meadows. 

For  Rivers,  it  hath  in  its  largsft  txtentDelaVJore  River,  navigabk 
one  hundred  and  thirty  Miles :  Hudfons  River  Navigable  above  one' 
hundred  Miko .  Conndlicut  River  Navigable  above  fifty  Miles,  Mati- 
MecK  River,  Pafcatazjay,  and  many  other  conveniently  Navigable ^ 
and  for  lefs  Rivers  andf  Brooks:  you  can  hardly  travel  a  few  Mile^ 
''vifhout  p,i{fing  one.  •      ■•    ' 

.    ■.  '       ;  ■  '         ■    .   "■  '  :.-   The 


Of  New  England.  ^07,; 

The  Soil  is  truitful,  and  yields  Wheat,  Rye;  Peafe,  Beans,  Barley. 
Oats^  JWw»Cornj  Flax^  Herfrp,  and  all  forts  df  Englijh  Herbs^  and 
excellent  Simples  proper  for  the  Counti^,  For  Food,  it  hatU  Ecefl 
Pork,  Mutton  pkntifiiljbefides  Goats,  D,eer,c^tf.  For  Filh,  Fowl,  and 
good  Cyder,  it  excels  wim  good  Gellerage  t6  preferve  all,  which  is 
not  common  in  Virginia,  .The  South  fide  pf  their  Houfes  are  in  many' 
places  begirt  with  Hives  of  Bces,*which  encrcafe  very  much. 

For  Fruit,  it  hath' Apples,  Pears,  Plum^  Qujnces,  Cherries^  A- 
pricocks,  peaches. in  ftaa^ing  trees,  and  inaay  forts  of  wild  .^Icw, 
Black  ami  White  Grapes,  and  their  wild  white  Muskadine  Grape 
makes  a  pieaiartt  Wine.. -,■..;■:.•  •.-  ,.  ■  ;^^v?^:Va/itl- ' '    '-    .^U,;^' 

For  Timber,  it  hath  feveral  forts  of  Oak,  aiid  their  y  hire  Swamp* 
Oak,'  (whcre<)f  they  have  great  quantities^  jj  efteemed  «iear  a&tpujgfi 
rsapy  in  £«yfl/)i«,l>efKie,  Walnut,  Ai)i,PmeyC&d^^^ 
.  For  Trade_j  they  have  ill  forts  oi  P^yfifionSoi'^^^  of 

Flefti,  Filh,  and  all  Grain,  a^  Corn,  Peaier,  €^ci  And  Maftsfcrlhips, 
Deal-boa].ds,  Iron,  Tar,  Bever,  Moofe*skins,  Furs,  and  fome  hun-^ 
dred  Veffels  and  Ships  of  their  own,  and  Merchants  y ho  difperfe  their 
Cv'^mniodities  to  the  Wef-lndiesy  and  from  thence  to  Ei^laml, 

The  Country  is  capable  of  many  other  (Z:omn\od^tie^3,.  as  Wine, 
Sak,  Brandy,  c^t.  When  laboui*  grows  more  cheap  b^,-t«e  farther  in- 
creafc  of  thtirown  Children,  ©r  purchafe  of  ^^fljr^.,.Thqy)iave 
many  Towns  fuppKedi^with  good  Minifters^  and  have  tWo  CpUcdges 
zx  CamWidgc ;.  they  train  their  Youth  when  paft^fixteen  years  old,, 
and  fo  make  them  bold  and  refolute. 

As  to  their  Government^  they  had  fourteen  Magil^rates,  and  ^ci^ 
not  to  exceed  eighteen  Ailiftants  by  their  Patent,  whereof , one  is 
anndally  chofen  Governour,  and  another  Deputy-<^overjioiir  by  the 
Ps.^ple,  who  are  jealous  of  the  infringement  of  theiir  Priviledges. 

For  Religion  they  are  Proteftants,  much  AsVeYkins,  they  pray  for 
the  iving,  and  the  E«^/i/fe  Nation,  and  for  the^Protcftant  Religion- 
riiroughout  theWorld.  As  to  the  Weatherythe  old  Planters  fay, tfiat 
fifty  years  fihce,  when  the  Country  was  not  fo  mv  h  opened  (by  the 
felling  of  the  Woods)  they  had  rpu^hmo|:e  heat  h\  Summer, and  more 
cold  in  Winter,  then  they  haidfmcej  and  that  ,chey  fiind  the  Winter 
ftill4eiren  as  the  Country  is  more  opened,,  ^^Thpir  Winter  begins  in^ 
Deiemkr,  and  comm6nly^ ends,  in  Ftbrnsry^.  Tne  ^ North  Weft  Winds 
blow  very  keen,  and  fometimes  hold  forty  eight  hours.  After  that 
with  the  change  of  the  Wind,  they  have  moderate  Weather.  So 
they,  reckon  to  have  ien  or  twelve  cold  days  in  a  Winter,  whfcch  dayj^ 
are  colder  than  in  the  firyie  Climate  in  Zurofe^.,.        ,„ ,  -.jy...^    .'ii^- 


41 


•V, 


'  vTC;  i'^ 


■i'V^O:  ;r 


b.-r.    Jr^.'V^ 


..'U»; 


1    'I'J  .•y.,-4i 
»    • 


Their 


"iSJJjfipp'" 


'■"P'"!" 


"WPWiqP<«i<pni9HfaMP«4q!i*PPi««iPiV 


i||iUJ|iiJjm.iJli™J«l'l'fll 


<«?^7,,<^, 


J^ 


A^ 


'I 


ri 


.  <,^ 


■-*w,^        ^^''- 


Their  iStimmer  is  liott;er,  and  that  Herft  more  certain,  ktidyJifrtiore 
tolerable  than/this  of  England^  bein^'mcdcrated  and  allayed  with 
often  Breeze^  j.  and;is  Very  peculiar  and  agrea1>]fe  to  the  ■  Bodied  of 
thofe^of  ourNationj  the  Air  being  moft  g||ierally  ferdne/tweet  and 

-  exceeding  healthy.  And  if  any  Fogsarife,  the  North  Weft  anti  Weft 
Winds  do  quickly  difperfe  them^  and  the  Country  lends  fbith  fucb 
a  fr.igrantlhiel}  that  it  may  be  perceived  ere  we  make  X.and.' 

Thtr  MertDpoiis  ofj^eUfEngiand  is  ^o/a^,'!G^mm6dibirfly  feclted  for 
Ttaflickon  the  S^a  Shorej-a^  very  largd  ind'f^atious.^Town^orindeei 
C}ty,pompofed  of  fevcral  iveU'opdered  Streets,  and  adorned  with  fair 
and  beautiful  Houfes,  well  inhabited  by  Merchants tmdTradqfmenj  it 
is  alfo  a  place  of  good  ftrengthj  having  fevei-al  Fortifications  raifed  on 
ihe  Hilh  adjoJmijg,'well  counted  with  greatPieces^andw^ll  garded.Se-' 
-condly  Q^^ri'ijjr;  formerly"  j>^€jy#oii/»j  is  beailtified  with  tWO  Cbll^esy 
and  divej^s- fair  and"  .WeU-butlt  Hotifes,  other  Towflfs  Are  Amshury^  An- 
idoTJef,  i^afi/^aclejB&verly,  Bilkrtca-yBrd^or^yBraintre,  BridgewateryCharles- 
Toirn,  Chensfordy  Coneordy  Dartmouth ,  Dedharn,  Dorchefier,  Deerfieldy  f>o-- 
tjer,  Duxburyy ExePer,  Eafiht^m,  Fatmotttb,  Glocefierj'Grcttonj  Hadjiddy  Had- 
ly,    Hawjnony^ifrifikd-HdverHjMw^  Htdl,    Ipfimck.  Kenecbecky 

'K,-terij  LamaBif'Jjinrfy  Lift*  ^London,  Maldonj  Manch^fieVy  Marfhjieldy 
Matlforo^^ ,  Mham''y\  Medfeldy  Mtltorty  Midletvn,  Mommejy  l^fwburyy 
'J^enftm,  j^eovphriy  J^thamptm^  'NonPi^ky  Venkeck,  VortfmoUthy  Vly mouthy 
TrovidencSy  ^(ktfmoutt)  in  'Rode  l{\An^,  Readmg,'*Rffwly'^RoiAurv,  Salf 
ifuryySalenty  Sandwich y  Saybfooky  Scarhoreughy  Scittiate^  Senconlty  Springs 
jiehL  Stonlton,  S^uabaugy  Squabeeyy  Sudbury,  Szvanjieldy  Tantorty  IVater- 
'Uwh'y'Wcther^^eld^  ff^tndfoTy  IVtck-ford,  TVafwicHiy  ff'o^odoookj  Wamjtck, 
With'^jfe/.  Tfmmy  ff^ellt,  Tarmouth,  Tork,  nioft  of  thcfcf  Towns -are  of 

,  goo<J.  account," .'ihd  well  inhatiited,  being  commodioufly  feated  ekher 
on  the  S'6A-Shore,or  on  Navigal>le  Rivers,  as  niayJje  feen  in  the  Map* 
The  'EngU\li  Inhabitants  are  in  Colour,  Features,  Husbandi'y ,  Navi- 
^cltion.  Cohabitation  in  Towns  afid  language,  much  as  in  Englandy 
iindiifive  an  ^gerncfs  of  Courage  an-d  yet  lafting, 
■  '"Tlijey  ourdhafed  their  Lands. of  the  Saehems,  whidi  vVei^e  the  head,* 
and  t(ie  eldeft'of  the  Wm»  Famil'ies^  the  j^tjcieiit  Proprietors,  moft  of 

^  which \yere,.lboilt  thefirft  Englifi  Ibttlemeik^^  fV^bj)t  avvay  with  the  fmall 
Pox ;  Another  part  Dy  Waw  among  themle lyes,  and  the  remiaindcral* 
nVc^ft  deOrdy^d  by  their  late Treacherotis  "V^ar  with  the  Engli fjy  being 
eitfherrold,  (lain,  or  tlead  with  theFlux;  fo  that  there  now  remains  but 
Tew  of  them  in  the  Mafjachufety  and  Plymouth  Colonics,  except  fome 
C-hriftiins  and  other  Indians,  who  aj^vc  triie  to.  the  £wg///fe  agaithfl:  thofe 
•other  bloody  J^^ir/'.irid'Wi-^  thereindoe<l!<ieferve/neouragement.  A  good 
^art  of  which  were  under  the  Government  and  Difcipline  of  worthy 
''  ...      V  Major 


'mmmmmmmm 


Of  New  England;         •*  <jo^ 

^vlajor,  Goetklns,  and  Mr.  EUht,  ^yhofe  care  and  charitable  Endeavputf 
for  their  Con verfion  may  not  be  forgotten:  And  as  to  the  hditins  laui 
ly  deftroyedjthey  wereleveral  little  Nations,  living  under  the  Sachems 
or  Si^amors  in  Hamlets,  confifting  of  Ji^ig'wams  or  Cctt^es;  and  Ibr 
the  moft  part  were  cloathed  with  Mantles  and  Peer-skins^  they  wcrea 
timorous,  rafli,  and  unfaithful  People,  judging  all  others  by  thcmfclves 
iuch  as  had  no  tye,but  what  fear  or  inter^ft  drove  them  to,  and^icw 
infolent  by  the  Englifl)  indiilgence,  yet  fome  of  them  ccnfcfled  they  did 
liot  begin  the  vvarmerely  upon  7»^/i<»»  infti^atiwi,  and  the  EttgliJJj  foucd 
they  had  powder  and  Shot  enough,  that  they  were  good  Marks-men, 
and  generally  well  armed,efpeeiiiil  with  Fufiesj  which,  they  faid,  they 
bcaght  of  the  French  in  Canada. 

The  manner  of  their  Wan  was  by  incurfions,  Surprizes  and  Am- " 
i>ufcadcs  j  and  iheir  contrivances  very  fubtil,  ^ut  if  once  difcpvertd, 
they  would  be  greatly. difmayed.  And  this  is  certain,  they  were  at  lajft 
overcome,  and  in  a  lort  extirpated  by  afi  apparent  and  aiftinguiAing 
hand  of  Gcds  Providenre.  And  as  to  their  conqaer'd  Cotintries,(now 
under  the  £wg////j  JurifdiAion)  they  are  large  and  fruitful,  and  have  ma- 
ny fpacious  Corn  fields,  )^lantations,plcafant  Rivers  and  Brooks,  fit  for 
delight  and  human  luftentation. 

As  to  New  EngJand,\t  is  obfervabIe,that  within  fhe  Compafs  of  fixty 
years  paft,  near  two  hundred  Gentlemen,Minifters  and  Merchants  car- 
ried tlieir  Wives  and  Children  thither,  and  about  forty  hundred  Hus- 
bandmen and  Mechanicks,  with  their  Wives,  and  Children,  and  Ser- 
vants, and  rrear  two  hundred  thoufaiid  pound  value. 

That  Stock  of  people  is  faid  to  be  increaft  »  about  one  hundred 
thouland:  And  that  more  perfons  for  condition  .  id  tmrnbei  of  the  in- 
creafe  of  the  faid  firft  planters  have  come  for  England^  thai  have  gone 
thither  fince  their  faid  principal  fettlement.  '. ;: 

And  that  the  people  of -New;  EnglandhA\&  fome  years  annually  im- 
ported and  exported  to  and  from  old  England  lo  as  great  value  in  com- 
modities, ns  they  firft  exported  hence. 

And  as  to  tliAt  which  hath  kept  them  low,  they  thought  if    hey 
bought  iV"^|:ro's  and  had  them  Baptized,  that  they  were  then  free,  and 
upon  this  miitake  omitted  it,  and  then  fo  much  indulged  their  Englijit 
Servants,  ( becaufc  themfelves  could  hot  work  )  that  thev  gave  tlV- 
almoft  what  they  would  hare,*  andthus  inrichedthem,  and  impovei  4iA- 

ed thcmfclves.  ,    ,r  n  . 

And  when  others  came  afterwards,  (if  Jmy  thing  likely)  they  were 
foon  tempted  by  inferior  Planters  to  Marry  and  becon^e  Freeholders :     , 
and  feeing  A  goodly  Country  before  them^  tbefc  alfo  quickly  made  ^ 


wmmm 


.  I"*.. 


'1 


^i6  "         iJ^New  EnglartA 

fheir  fervice  une^ie  to  the  intolerable  damage  of  their  MsAtrSy  ytho^ 
were  at  great  charges  about  them.  .  "Jv''**, 

But  feme  ;nay  ob jeA,  that  Barbado4s  MerchantSjOv^r-mHch  minding 
theit  profit,*  have  twenty  «N«gro's  to  one  EngUfit  Servant,  to- the  now 
great  hazard  of  their  lives.  As  to  that,  it  is  very  remarkable .  that 
the  long  patience  of  the  firft  New  England  Gentlemen  hath  ae  lad' 
wrought  this  happy  efFeA  to  their  Pofterity,  that  fhould  they  now 
jftock  their  Farms  witlxJV/ir^ro's  and  JnMans,  and  mix  them  in  Marriage, 
<fech  Mulato's  being  j^und  the  beft  Servants)  in  forae  years  they  may 
make  them  Copy-holders  as  the  Villains  were  of  old  in  £«g/((j»^,  and 
{o  may  make  a  great  improvement  of  their  Land. 

Nor  is  it  likely,  that  (  were  a  few  thoufand  Negro's  Slaves  in  thi& 
forf^ow  to  encreafe  there)  they  could  rationally  prejudice  fo  great  a 
body  of  Evglijh  alretdy  bred  and  naturalized,  bcfides  fo  raftly 
more  encreaiing  in  that  Country,  which  alters  the  Cafe  from  that  of 
Barhadoss. 

Moreover,  ibould  any  JV^^^^'s  run  far  into  the  Woods,  they  are 
fure  the  wild  Indians  would  deftroy  them. 

Now  for  its  advancement,  fome  Barhadoe's  Merchants  have  lately 
calculated,  (and  thofe  of  their  moft  experienced  Planters  alfo)  that 
twenty  N^rvs in  New  England,  (  being  taught,  for  they  are  found  as. 
capable  to  learn  as  the  Englijh  )  with  fifteen  hundred  pound  ftock  in 
Iron-Mills,  Charcolc,  Bog-iron,  Oar,  &c.  would  bring  their  Mafters 
as  good  and  dear  an  Annual  Income,  as  the  fame  Stock  of  Money  and 
NeffrosvnW  produce  by  their  Sugar-Mills  in  Barbadees.  •    i^c  virv 

And  that  fuch  a  number  of  Negfos,  being  taught  the  way  raifing 
Com,  looking  after  Cattle,  to  make  Cyder,  Wine,  Brandy,  and 
the  Art  of  Carjipntry  for  Houfcs,  of  Saw-Mills,  making  oi  Brick,, 
and  Brick-layingj  building  of  Veffels,  and  Sliips,  and  the  Craft  of 
I'ilhery,  &c.  may  rationally  with  a  lefs  Stock  of  Money  produce  as 
inbch  advantage  to  their  Matters  as  the  former.  ik-iio'V/.j  Lr;/;  1  jjk  - 

It  is  alfo  confiderable,  that  the  Land  it  fe'if  of  the  feft  Gentlemen 
l*lanters  in  New  England  Aoth  begin  to  make  a.  good  Reccmpence  to 
the  C-hildren  for  the  loffes  of  their  Parents.  Befides  it  imports  into 
£»g/^»/!/Bever,Moofe-^ins,Fur9,Balkn,a!nd  many  other  Ccnmiodities 
which  they  bri^g  from  the  Wifi'Indm  in  their  own  VeiTeJs,  and  do 
export  Clorfi,  Stufs,  Cordage,  C^<?.  which  is  confiderable  to  His  Maje- 
fties  Cuftoms,  and  to  the  Manufacture  oi  England.  And  they  yearly 
'build  many_  goods  Ships  arid  Frigars,  and  fell  them  at  T  cndcn. 

It  is  the  Granary  and  Magaeine,  and  lies  moft  ready  to  fupply  Bar- 
%dcer,  Jamaieay  Mtvisf^z.  with  Provifionsg  c^£»  being  a  thpufand 
liCagues  nearer  than  £»rg/<7»</ or  i^^^</. 

It 


#: 


Wlio 


'  Ic  is  i  well  fituated  and  ietcled-  Emforium,-  Having  many  etcellent 
Harbors  in  the  great  Bay.  -         ■  ■'  , 

It  is  the  ^qA'  ptcpsitQa  place  to  bulla  Navies  At  eade  rates,  (  at  his 
Majdtic^  pleafure)  toed  they  ^re  of  lace  fomething  more  choice  iti 
their  Ti*  .iter  then  formerly  they  were,  and  fpecially  fincc  Sbip-Tim- 
bsK'is  fo  generally  wanting  in  £»^i!«»i  andlrelafuly  a  ad  the  Eafilatid 
Oak  (as  fonte  fay)  i«  fo  very,  fpungy. 

It  carries  the  moft  aw  and  countenance,  and  can  (  beft  with  a  little 
encouragement)  defend  it  felf  againft  a  Foreign  alfault,*  and  is 
moft  fit  and  ready  to  telp  and  relieve  His  Maj^fties  other  CololAes, 
if  fuch  a  diftrefs  mould  hap   ;n. 

And  it  is  the^rand  Nur.jry  that  breeds,*  and  indeed  that  is  found 
moft  proper  to  breed  Men  in  great  numbers  of  rcfoiute,  bold  and 
laftifig  couriige  (and  all  other  Creatures  in  like  manner)  neareft  unto 
thd(e  of  old  England  inthe  World||  and  their  Men  moft  fit  lor  Na- 
vigation, Merchandize,  or  War  by  Sea  or  Land,  ■:^irn,^.ftt'\^.  yr^ 


f- 


^t^.TuTTv^.J- 


'kr^^ivy:.i..: 


■■i* 


tEw>^ori^1ibntains  all  that  Trad  of  Land,  which  is  feated  betvi'een 
i  ^ew  England,  Virginia,  Mary-Land,  and  the  length  of  which 
^loithward  into  the  Ciountry,  as  it  hath  not  been  fully  difcovered,  fo 
'tis  liot  certainly  known,  but  in  general  it  extends  to  the  Banks  of  the 
great  River  Canada,  Eaft  and  Weft,  its  breadth  is  accounted  d|b 
hundred  Miles,  comprehending  alfo  that  Trad  of  Land,  which  is  be- 
tw'efen  mdfons  RiY'6r,  and  Delaware  River,  called  New  Jarfey.  ,  ' 
Its  principal  Rivers  ate  HW/o^s  River  toward  the  Eaft,  Rarit^ 
River  about  the  middle,  and  Delaware  River  on  the  Weft,  its  chiefeft 
Itlahds  are  Long-Ipnd,  Manahattem-  Jfland,  and  Staten-Jflands. 


Land,  and  Preniifes  \^hich'is  "between  HwiySw's  River,  and  Delaware 
River,  untQ  JohnXov^  Berlley,  and  Sir  George  Cat^eret,  jointly  by  the 
napie- of  Js/ew^  Cafarca  or,  l^tn'>Jarfey.  So  that  New  Tork  now  contains 
only  tb4t  pHit  oiNew  England^ '^h\c^\  the  Dutch  formerly  fcizcd,  and 
catled  It  t^e  JSTcw  'Nifhr'lati^,  and  Nova  Belgia,  lying  between  Hudfms 
^  -^  ■      '        '    "  '        liii  2'  "aifd 


•/nJI 


mm 


■HMPPmn 


K     . 


'^i^. 


J  Defiri/t'mtfmwYark. 


■^^^. 


(Six 

and  CcneBicutKivcTs  on  the  Continent,  with  the  Iikti6sof  Manabattt^^ 
and  Long-Ifland,  oppofite  thereunto. 

A^nabattens  IJland,  fo  called  by  the  Jfntians,  it  lyeth  betwixt  the 
Degrees  of  forty  one  and  foriy  two  N€«th  Latitude,  and  is  about 
fourteen^ Miles  long,  and  two  brond,  whofe  chief  place  is  Ntw  Tori^ 
i'eaced  upon  the  South  end  of  the  aforefaidlfland,  having  a  fmall  Arm 
of*  the  Sea,  which  divides  it  from  Long-IJlan4,  on  the  Eaft  fide  of  i^ 
whkli  runs  Eaftward  to  New  EngUnd^  and  is  Navigable,  tholigh 
dangerous.   -  ^-*i-'rl4i%^if;^.^'tf;  '■■  ..  -•   .;,-?.;;,y^ 

-.  Huiijons  River  runs  by  JNiw  Tbrk  Norftiwar^nto  the  Country,  to- 
ward the  Head  of  which  is  feated  Ntw  Albany,  a  place  of  great  Trade 
with  the  Indians,  betwixt  which  andiv/eaz/Twife,  being  above  one 
hundred  Miles,  in  as  good  Corn-Land  ai  the  World  affords,  enough  to 
enteitain  hundreds  of  Families,  in  the  time  of  the  PirrcA  Government 
of  thofe  parts.  At  Softrs  was  kept  a  Garifon,  but  fmce  the  reduce- 
ment  of  thofe  parts  under  his  Majcfties  Obedience,  by  the  care  of  the 
Honourable  Colonel  Nichols,  Deputy  to  his  Highnefs,  fuch  a  League 
of  peace  was  made,  and  Friendlhip  concluded  betwixt  that  Colony 
and  the  Indians,  that  they  have  not  refifted  or  difturbed  any  Chriftians 
thci^  in  the  fcttltng  or  peaceable  polTeffion  of  any  Lands  with  that 
Government,  but  every  Man  hath  late  under  his  own  Vine,  and 
hath  peaceably  rcapt  and  enjoyed  the  Fruits  of  their  own  labors, which 
God  continue. 

New  Tork  is  built  moft  of  Brick  and  Stone^  and  c^prered  with  red 
and  Black  Tile,  and  the  Land  being  high,  it  gives  at  a  fliftani^e  a 
pleafing  Afi>e(ft  to  the  Spe<ftators.  The  Inhabitants  confift  moft  of 
.Englijh  ana  Dutch  and  have  a  confiderable  Trade  with  the  Indians, 
iJMr  Bevers,  Otter,  Raccoon  Skini,  with  other  furs;  as  alfo  for  Bear, 
peer,  and  Elk  Skins;  and  are  mpplied -  with  Venifon  and  Fowl  in 
the  Winter  and  Fifh  in  the  fiunmer  by  the  hdians, which  they  buy  atan 
eafie  rate ;  and  having  the  Country  round  about  them^  they  are  con- 
rinually  furnifhcd  with  all  fuch  provifions,  as  are  needful  for  the  life  of 
Man,  not  only  by  the  EngHfli  and  Diach  within  their  own,  but  like.- 
wtfe  by  the  Adjacent  Colonies. 

The  Commodities  vented  from  thence  are  Furs,  and  Skins  before- 
mentioned;  aslikewife  Tobacco  made  within  the  Colony,  as  good  as 
is  ufually  made  in  Mary-Land :  Alfo  Horfes,  Beef,  Pork,  Qyl,  feafe, 
Wheat,  and  the  like.  "<'.a\\s''-'^j".-    ' 

Lonf  Iffand,  The  Weft  end  of  which  lies  Southward  at  New  Tork, 
runs  Ealiward  above  one  hundred  Miles,  and. is  in  ibmeplac?s'eight,in 
fome  twelve,  in  (bme  fourteen  Miles  broad  ;  it  is  inhabited  from  one 
end  t9  the  other.    On  the  weft  eiuUu-e  fjow  ot  five  Dutch  Towns,  the 

"         reft 


■■'.•~u3t'f^^ 


.\ 


A  Defiriffiaii-vf^ewyptk. 


6n 


i  to- 


reft  being  all  'EneUpt  to  the  number  of  twelve,  belTdes  Villages  acd  > 
Farm-Houfes.    The  Ifland  is  moft  of  it  of  a  very  good  foil^  and  veiy 
natural  for  all  forts  of  Engl/jh  Grain  j  which  they  low,  and  have  v«iy 
good  encrcafc  of,  befides  all  other  Fruits  and  Herbs  tommon  in  JE»g-- 
laptfty  as  alfo  Tobacoo,  Hemp,  Flax,  Pumkin^,  Melons,  &c. 

There  are  feveral  Navigable  Rivers  and  Bays,  which  ])ut  into  the 
Northfide  of  Long  Ifland,  but  upon  the  Southfide  which  joins  to  the 
Sea,  it  is  fo  foitifted  with  Bars  of  Sand  and  (boles,  that  it  is  a  fufficient 
defqnce  againft  any  Entmy,  yet  the  Soiithfidc  is  net  without  Brooks 
and  Rivulets,  which  empty  themfelves  into  the  Sca,^  yea,  you  iball 
fcarce  travels  Mile,  but  you /ball  meet  with  one  ot  them,  whofe 
Chriftal  Streams  run  fo  fwitt,  that  they  purge  themfelves  ot  fuch  ftink- 
ing  Mud  and  Filth,  \lvhich  the  ftaqtJing  orLow-paccd  Streams  of  moft 
Brocks  and  Rivers  Weft  watd  of  this  Colony  leave  lying,  and  are  by 
the  Suns  exhalation  diffipated,  the  Air  corrupted,  and  many  Fevcre. 
and  other  Diitemper  occaficncd,  not  incident  to  this  Colony:  Nei- 
ther do  the  Brooks  and  Rivulets  premifed,-  give  way  to  the  Froft  in 
Winter,  or  Drought  in  Summerj^^  but  keep  their  eouiffe  throughout 

thejfear. „    '  •     j      ' ''  ^'   '   -''  '   '"'  '' 

Towards  the  middlei  'drloh^  JjOinilly^th  a  Plain  fixteen  Miles  long,, 
and  fcur  broad,  upbri  whith  Plain  grows  very  fine  Grafs,,  that 
makes  exceeding  good  Hay,  and  is  very  good  palture  for  the  Sheep 
or  other  Cattle  ;  where  you  fhall  find  neither  ftick  nor  ftone  to  hinder 
the  Horfe  Heels,  or  endaneer  them  in  their  Races,  and  once  a  year 
the  be1ft  Horfes  in  the  Hland  are  brought  hither  to  try  their  fwiftnefs, 
and  the  fwifteft  rewarded  with  a  Silver  Cup,  two  being  annually 
procured  for  that  purpofe.  There  are  two  or  three  other  fmall  Plains, 
of  about  a  Mile  fquarc,  which  are  no  finall  benefit  to  thofe  TowriS, 
which  enjoy  them. 

Upon  the  Southfide  .of  Zang  Ifland  in  the  Winter,  lye  ftore  of 
Whales  and  Grampulfes,  which  the  Inhabitants  begin  with  fmall 
Boats  to  make  a  Trade,  catching  them  tg  their  no  fmall  benefit.  Alfo 
an  innumerable  multitude  of  Seals,  which  make  ati.excellent  Oyl,*  they 
lie  all  the  Winter  upon  fmall  broken  Marihes,  ^d  Beaches^  or  Bars 
of  Siand.  before-mentioned,  and  might  be  .eafily  got,  were  here  fome 
skilful  Meawould^  undertake  i^.^     ;..   ■     .;■/•.. 


-.'  ■■•  y .  i 


>? 


n<lp<>' 


rfthe  iforihWiifi^f^Pidf  mkrkiL. 


/^<irt  ,ii:*rK .'. 


'(.ij 


,'f 


."'/ 


:V4^ 


Mvfi[ 


*  '  -■'»» 


Vnifti 


•)'T .  vi?r:j-il 


;t.;'^j 


)■.*,. 


H*«i.ti..M^f  Ganacla  orNovaFraiicia.  :.     v ; 

CAnA^a,  ibrcrtlled  frpm  <hc  Rty er.  Canah,  wmch  hnth  its  Voun- 
/"tains  iii  the  undifcoveri^^  parts  of  this  Wejern  Tra^j  Tome'^ 
times  iniarging  it  felf  into  greater  Lakes,  and  prefently  contracted 
into  a  narrow  Chanel,  with  many  great , windings  and  talis ^^  having 
embolbmed  fllmoft  all  the  reft  of  the  Hivere.  After  a  known  Eaftern 
courfe  of  near  fi6«.en  hundred  Mile^  it  empties/it  ((elf  into  the  great 
Bay  of  Stl  f.aivrtnc^  o^yef  ,igaiiij[i:  thp  l^^.f^j^/.^ii^^tiony  .  being  at  the 
Mouth  dMrty  Leagues jn  brea4t)aj  and, one  hundred  and  fifty  fktj|pni 
deep.  C^  the  Norihfide,  y/hereof  the  Fremh  (  following  tlie  Trad 
of  the  (aid  Cabot)  made  a  farther  di|c(>ye^y  of  tjie  iaid  Northern 
parts,  by  ih^'JSiamQ  <ii:I<l(fva,[Fr^  T*^*  '"^  V'; 

The  Country  is  full  of  Stags,  Btears,  Hares,  MaitlfR  find  IPbxes, 
ftore  of  Ct)nie&,:FoWl  aMW^  -n^t  y^^y  fruitfurpr  fit  for  Tf  11^4 
the  Air  more  cold  than  in  pchier XZpUiitries  of  the  ianie  Latitudid.' 

The  chief  places  UQBrefiy  ,^elf^i,  and  Ta^uafac,  a  (afe  but  fmAH 
toven. :  Th&  French  T^afd&  here Jor^icvQr^  Moofe-skihs,  and  Fuhj 
and  are  faid-Jro,  be  ab«ur  fi?«,rtjipuifanij  wta^,diicov4rife*hav9 t'ee/l 
.jiaadc  x)f late  yearj  !0^'th^;Sp^fherf3,^^it  ^ftlai*  Coufiti^j'fli^y  fefcen 
in  the  Map  of  Flmda.&o, .  ^l^.  ',  rhj^^f^ir.^fiw-i"  te?|v>r  ^,i'j' '.' 


■■-*' 


tn-^\-  -foin,.  r|j-ff;;; 


ver 
firft 

the  _      ^ ^        ^ 

the  Latitude  of  fixty  feven  and  a  half* 


Which 


^mmmmmmfiimm 


?'^  l^^  •»  I  '  ■  Which  being  negleded,  after  i^hh  %\i&  Jr^neh  planted  on  th^  North-,  ^ 
iViv't  I  fide,  oPtlje  Riv^r  Cw^<//i.  And  after  that  Monfieiir  </«  M)»rj  fettled 
one  part  of  that  Land  called  ^(r^'a-Stoti^^  bqt  in  the  year  1615^  was 
out«d  by  Sir  SamiftUr^al:  And  in  the  year,i6'-i,3  King  James,  by 
Let^p,rs  Pat^ntSy  madte  a  donation  .  of  it ;  to,  3ir  i^P^illfam  Mexandar^ 
afterwards  J^.or4  Secretary  of  Scotlapdji  calljng  it  Neva  Sccti^,  in 
purfiiance  of  which  Grant,  he  in  the  year  i6zzy  fent  a  Colpny  thi- 
ther :  AndJ^m  informed,  that  it  vvas-aft^r  by  A^s  of  Parliapient 
annexed  to^e  Ciowa  andl^ingdoni  of .^WW, however,  I  think  thp 
Fr««cA  have  npw  ^1  Colony  .at  ^«r^  ^i^i  W  ;jii-,e*the,oflly  Pofleflbr^ 
ot  that  Country.  ,:,,  ^  ,,.;j,  ..  j^^^^^,  ^  .^;  __^:;.j.^  ,^  '  ; 


wm 


Vil'liyM:- 


(I  fr 


'm?  "l«fAh«<v»^\u.  )V,  ^  'If,  f:r.rT ''  - 


,  jrr*. 


rl,>i« 


■  ^iji-Jq  ^naBiti  i.ri^U.  ^''o '^  '.i-fi  v  '::.!•  ;(;•(.  r|i  ,  ,':;vxa>  ^;^  orfui^f  ^ii^- 

r-p»His  was  ftrft  difcoveredby  the  tw(^Cahot^,'  Jnhn  and  his  Son  Se^ 
\^  bafilan,  employed  by  King  Henry  the  Seventh  1497,  the  bufinefs^ 
laidafide  was  afterwards  revived  by  Thorn  and  ElUoK  two  ©f  Brlfiol, 
who  afcribed  to  themfelves  the  dircovery  of  itj  and  animated  King 
Henry  unto  the  enterprize,  -<^»»o  1 527,  In  the  mean  time,  the  French 
and  Tortugals  rcforted  to  it.         ,  \  * 

But  the  Englip  woul^  not  relinquifii  their  pretenfions  to  the  Vrimkr 
Seifin,  and  therefore  in  the  year  i  ^83,  Sir  Humphry  Gilbert  took  pof- 
fcffion  of  it  in  the  name  of  the  Queen  oi  England,  yi\io  beii^g  Ship- 
wrack'd  in  his  returu,  the  fending  of  a  Colony  was  difcontinued  till 
the  year  1608,  when  undertook  by  John  Guy,  a  Merchant  oi  Brijtol,. 
and  inthe^^ear  1626,  Sir  George  Calvert  Knight,  then  principal  Se- 
cretary of  State,  aiterward  Lord  JSialtlenlorey  obtained  a  patent  of 
part  of  Neoifonndtandf  which  was  ere<fted  into  A^Tro-vlnce,  and  called^ 
^Wo»,where  he  caiafed  a  Plantation, cq  be  fetded,anda  ftately  Houfe 
and  Fort  to  be  built  at  jRsrri/iirW.  * 

.  'Tis  Jul  Ifland  for  extent  (they  fay)  equalizing  E}.gland,  from 
whence.it  is  diftan^  about  Ave  hundred  andfo4ty  Leagues,  fituate  be- 
tween the  Degrees  of  ibrt)^  five  and  fifty  three  Northern  Latitude,, 
and  is  only  fevered  from  the  Continent  of -/4wmVa  by  an  Arm  of  the 
Sea,  ss*England  is  (rpi'nFrmnce. 

It  is  famous  for  many  excellent  Bays  and  Harbours,  it  hath  great 
plenty  of  Fi(h,  Land  and  Water  Fowl,  and  is  Efficiently  ftockt  with 

'  -''■  ■ "  •      Deers, 


^,. 


'«* 


€t6  0/*fi&ff!^«>rfi&W/!ji^/4!f  America 

Decrs^  Ilir^s^  Gtlers  and  FoxiSj  which  ycild  great  Fur,  it  affords 
ftAtcIy  Trees  fit  for  Timber,  Mafts,  PUnks,  andorfierufe^  The 
Soil  is  cfteemed  fertile,  the  Climate  wbolfom,  but  the  rigor  of  Win- 
ter, and  cxceflite  Heats  of  Summer  much  de£ra<!5t  from,  its  pmifc." 

^Befo^e  the  Iflanrfnt  the  di4tan<:e  of  ivveitty  Leagues  h*om  the  H^tr, 
Rcth  a  long  Bank  or  Ridge  of  Ground,  extending  in  length  about  two 
hnndred  and*  forty  Leagues,  in  breadth  in  the  broadcft  place  about 
live  and  twenty  Leagues,  by  Cahoft  ca,iled  Br<da6s^  ^HfiiP^  *he  great 
niultitude  of  Codfifh,_  which  fwarmed  thcZ-e  lo  numcrons",  that  {hey 
hindred  the  palTage  of  the  SJiips,  and  is  noW  called  th^  GranJ  £afikj 
where  our  Ships  fait  and 'dry  their  liib. 

There  is  no  part  of  NewfounManJ  mbre  happy  for  multiplicity  of 
lexcelfcnt  Bays  and  Harbors,  than  thej^rovince  of  ^f //<?»,  and  there 
are  valt  quantities  of  Filh  yearly  caught  by  the  Ew^////;  at  FerrfUnd^ 
and  at.the  Bay  of  Bulls ;  though  the  whole  Coaft  afford  infinite  plenty 
of  Cod  and  Poor  John-,  which  is  grown  tt)  a  <<ftt!ed  Trade,  and  were 
the  £»^///fe'» diligent  to  infpe^  the  adVarrtjige  of  fettliag  Plantxttions 
upon  the  Ifle,  and  railing  Fortifications  for  the  fccurity  of  the  place 
they  might  ingrols  the  whole  Fifliery.      ..  ..,,<.  -^   ^    ^ 


B: 


0/ ICE-LAND. 


i'J'-l  fr-; 


<-cv-*' »«'■'<    :^    -JlVf    IJ  k   'J-Hif!'  /  4.1,.  _,.■,,        ,A',\l 

ICK-Lanii^  or  the  itncient  Thule^  ftippofed  by  ibmc  to  be  as  large  as 
Ireland.  OiW  Engllfii  Matters^  who  have  fifhed  there  many  years, 
five  this  Account  of  it.  That  the  moft  Southerly  part  of  it, .  called 
Ingulf-foot,    is  in  the 'Latitude  of  fixty  four  Degrees  and  twenty  five 

.  Minutes*  And  the  moft  Northerly  part  is  Rag-point,  in  the  Latitude 
of  fixty  fix  Degrees  and  five  minutes,  whereas  our  Maps,  as  alfo  the 
Great  Atlas  makes  the  Ifland  above  eighty  eight  Degrees  of  Northern 
Latitude,   wltichgrofs  miftake  is^e^uted  notonjy  by  obferviUicn, 

r  but  alio  by  the  Suns  continuance  two  Hours  above  the  Horizon, 
in  the  tniddle  of  DeceTuber,  in  the  moft  Northcrfrpart  of  the  Ifland* 
Jt  is  feared-  North  Wcfterljr  from  the  North  of  Scotland,  viz,,  from 
the  Stan  't>r  Head  Land  of  Vrkmjy   to  the  S.  W.  Head  of  Fero  is 

;.■:  fifty  five  Leagues^and  fl-om  thence  to  Ivgttl^foot  is  Eighty  five  Leagues 


,tSi 


.^4^4^^- 


^yn"'X}^'l'>orJi^  i-.  a^A 


*■   u 


t" 


-'.  <- 


It 


«:? 


The 

lit  two 
about 
e  great 
»t  fhey 


Ofthe  North  iVefl  part  of  America.     ,j'.--      6iy 

It  hath  four  remarkable  Mountains  in  it,  of  which  Heeta  is  the  moft 
famous,  which  burns  continually  with  a  Blew,Brimftone-like,and  moft 
dreadful  Flame,  vomiting  up  vaft  quantities  of  Brimftone,  and  that 
when  it  burns  with  greateft  vehemency,  it  makes  a  terrible  lumbUng 
like  the  noife  of  loud  Thunder,  and  a  fearful  crackling  and  Tearing 
that  may  be  heard  a  great  way  off.  See  more  of  this  in  Martivtrn 
Nor-thern  Voyage,/»/rge  i;4.  i^^^r 

In  the  Philolophical  TanfaAion,  Number  103,  Dr.  Paul  Bkmoniui 
Relident  informs  us.    That  it  abounds  with  hot  Springs,   -of  which 
fome  are  fo  hot,  that  in  a  quarter  of  an  hours  time  they  will  fuffici- 
ently  boil  a  piece  of  Beef  Amgreim  'Jonas  tells  us.  It  was  inhabited  by 
the  Norwegians,  Anno  874,  afterwards  by  the  Danes,  under  whofe  Gt  • 
vernment  and  Religion  it  now  is.    The  Ifland  is  well  peopled,  but 
they  live  only  in  the  Vallies,  and  towards  the  Sea-Shore.  Their  Dwel- 
lings are  rather  Caves  thanHoufes.     The  Inhabitants  are.  faid  to  be  a 
Lufty, Comely,  Affable  People,  faithful  in  their  Dealings,  addi<ftedt(> 
Learning,  having  three  Univer(kies,fuch  as  they  are:  Bm:,their  Law 
allows  of  no  Phificians,but  admit  of  fome  Chirurgeons  to  cure  their 
Wounds.    The  Air  is  healthy,  but  the  changes  of  Weather  are  very 
uncertain,  for  fo;netimes  it  Snows  and  Hails  in  the  middle  of  Summe  ; 
and  the  Winds  arc  often  in  tha>-  feafon  moft  furious. 
,  Their  commodities  are  Sheep,  Cow  sand  Horfes.    Great  plenty  of 
moft  fort  of  Sea-firfh  all  the  year  round  their  Coaft.    There  are  Lake$ 
upon  the  high  Mountains,  well  ftored  with  Frefti-Water-tiih,  and 
their  Rivers  with  Salmon.     In  Summer  time  they  have  plenty  of 
Wild-foul,   as  Mallard,   Duck,   Teal,   Partridge.,   Wild  Geefe 3 
Plovers.    In  Winter  time  Ravenr>,  Eagles,  Wild  Ducks,  Swans,  &c. 
Their  Drink  is  Milk  mingled  with  Water.     Their  Bread  is  Cod 
caught  in  the  Winter  time,  and  dried  in  the  Froft,  commonly  called 
Stock-Fifli,  as  alfo  Hokettle  or  the  Nurfe-Fifti,  with  the  Livei-s  they 
make  Oil  to  burn  in  their  Caves  under  Ground  ^  the  other  parts  they 
cut  into  pieces,  and  bury  them  for  four  or  five  Weeks  under  Ground, 
then  warn  them,  and  dry  therii  in  their  Stoves,  and  this  ferves  inftead 
of  Bread,  if  broiled  on  the  Coals,  it  ferves  tor  Meat,-    arid  of  the 
Skins  of  the  Fifh  they  make  their  Shoes. 

The  general  Employment  of  the  People  is  either  Fifliery,  or  the 
making  Wad-moll,  or  a  Courfe  fort  of  Woollen  Cloth,  ot  which 
they  make  Gowns,  Coats,  Caps,  Mittins  for  Seamen  and  Fifliermcn. 
There  arc  alio  little  Shock  Dogs  faid  to  be  the  Whelps  of  ordinary 
Bitches,  lined  by  Foxes,  that  come  on  over  the  Ice. 

Iherp  IS  only  one  Fort,  which  is  upon  one  of  the  chief  of  the  ^T^/ 

Mmny  IGcs  ten  Leagues  from  Merchants  ForeUml,    with  twelve  Iron 

.^  K.kkk  Gur.s 


y    r 


'*  • 


i8 


Oftht  J^orth  Wefipart  <?/ America. 


Guns  in  it^ '  and  there  their  Courts  are  held,  and  the  Bi/hop  has  his 
Refn^enee:  As  for  their  Government  and  Laws,  fee  Dithmavy  Belfhins 
and  Amgrtim  Jonas,  or  Purcbas  in  his  Pilgrimage.  Sometimes  Danes, 
Hambur^rs,  and  Luiekers,  put  into  the  Ifland,  and  furniih  the  Iflan- 
ders  wim  luch  Provifions  as  they  want.  The  chiefeft  places  where  the 
Ships  ftay  are  the  Havens  of  Hamford  and  KeflawUk,  and  the  Go- 
vernor refides  sxBelefiedi  the  D^»w  bring  from  thence  dried  Fifli, 
Train-Oil,  Butter,  Tallow,  Sulphur,  Raw  Hides,  and  particularly 
a  fort  of  whales  Teeth,  which  fome  efteem  as  much  as  Ivory. 

Betwixt  Cape  FauwtU  and  Cape  Sumay.  lieth  a  great  fea  dilating 
it  felf,  both  towards  the  North,  South  and  Weft,  giving  great  hopes 
of  a  North  Weft  pafTage  to  China,  and  the  Eafi  Indies,  much  fearch- 
ed  into  by  many  Engliflt  Worthies,  Forhijher,  Weytmuth,  Hudfon,  Button, 
Baffin,  Smith,  James,  and  others,  who  have  failed  therein,  fome  one 
way,  fome  another^  and  given  names  to  many  places,  as  may  be  feen 
in  the  Map,  and  in  the  year  1667,  an  Honourable  and  Worthy  De- 
rtgn  was  rertewed,  and  undertaken  by  feveral  of  the  Nobility  of  En^ 
land,  and  divers  Merchants  of  London,  for  the  difcovery  of  this  Norm 
Weft  paflage,  and  to  fettle  a  Trade  with  the  Indians  there.  Captain 
Zacbariah  GiUam  being  Commander,  who  in  the  Nonfuch  Ketch  paffed 
through  Hudfons  Straights,  then  into  Baffins  Baj,from  thence  Southerly 
into  the  Latitude  of  hfty  one  Degrees,  or  thereabouts,  in  a  River  now 
called  Trince  Ruferts  River,  he  there  found  a  friendly  Correfpondence 
with  the  Natives :  Built  a  Fort  called  Charles  Fort,  returned  with 
good  fuccefs,  and  laid  the  Foundation  of  an  advantageous  Trade  in 
thofe  parts.    But  in  the  year  1687,  feifed  upon  by  the  French. 


.J  ■; 


r 


.'  '»H#  ft.  /fc  ft  ^ 


u/f 


Greenland 


Of  the  IforthWifi  ftrt »/ America. 


6i^ 


•v. 


0/  GREENLAND. 


GRcenland  is  a  Country  of  vaft  extent^  an  unknown  Tra<ft» 
and  not  yet  fully  dilcovercd,  for  notwithftanding  feyeral 
Voyagesj  and  many  Ships  have  touched  upon  its  Coafts,  yet 
itftilllies  obfcured  in  a  Northern  Mift,*  unlefs  the  names  of  certain 
Bays,  Capes,  &c.  viz,  Cape  Farewely  Cape  Coiffort,  Cape  Defolation, 
Wanvkks  Far  eland ^  and  Bearsford,  where  'tis  faid  the  King  oiDenmafk 
hath  a  Governor. 

Kkkkz  .Of 


^xo 


Of  GKEENLANU 


■'1.  -■      I'lr-  . 


^>\ 


Towards  the  North  Eaft  lies  a  Trad  of  Land,  called  Greenland 
^y  the  Enzlifi,  Sptshurg  by  the  Dutch^  feated  between  feventy 
fix  Degrees,  and  eighty  two  ot  Northern  Latitude,  but  whether  an- 
Ifland  or  continent,  is  not  yet  known.  The  whole  Land  is  fo  con> 
palTed  with  Ice,  that  it  is  difficult  to  be  approached,  fometimes  in  the 
middle  ofjune^  the'  ordinarily  the  Ice  breaks  in  May. 

The  Soil  is  in  moft  places  nothing  but  Rocks,  or  heaps  of  vaft 
Stones,  many  of  them  ib  high,  that  the  upper  hi:^<^  feenis  to  be 
above  the  Clouds.  The  little  Yallies  between  them  are  nothing  elfe. 
but  broken  Stones,  and  Ice  heaped  up  from  many  Generations.  A- 
bout  Roefield  and  Ma^k-Haven  is  the  greateft  quantity  of  low  Land, 
which  alio  is  fuU  oJt  Rocks,  Stony,  and  for  the  moft  part  covered 
with  :.now  and  Ice,  which  when  melted  in  Summer  ^covers  no- 
thing but  a  barren  Ground,  producing  Heath,  Mofs,  \:<A  fome  few 
Plants,  as  a  kind  of  Cabbage,  Lettice,  Scurvy-Grafs,  Sorrel,  Snake- 
weed Heartfeafe,  a  kind  of  Strawberry,  divers  forts  of  Ranunculus, 
and  of  Sem^er-Vinjes  in  the  Mountains,  that  are  expofed  to  a  warm 
Air  and  Sun-hcams,*  in  the  Holes  and  Rocks  infinite  quantity  of  Fowls 
Nefts,  whofe  Dung,  with  the  Mols  waflied  down  by  the  melttd  Snow,, 
makes  a  Mould  in  the  Vallies  or  Clefts,  which  produceth  thofe  Plants 
aforefaid. 

For  the'  it  hath  the  Sun  for  half  a  year,  yet  never  above  thircy 
three  Degrees  and  forty  Minutes  above  the  Horizon  ,•  vhe  power  of 
its  beams  are  infufficient  to  difpel  the  Cold,  or  difclv*  the  Ice,  fo 
that  the  Vapours  from  the  Earth  are  not  hot  enou  -h  to  warm  the  Air, 
nor  thin  enouj^h  to  rife  to  ^ny  confiderable  height,  nut  hang  conti- 
nually in  tnick  dark  Mifts-  aboui;  the  Land,  t^  at  fometimes  you  can- 
not fee  the  lengh  of  your  Ship.  Tis  alfo  remarkable,  that  af  Cherrj 
in  'Jtme  1 6c8,  it  waf,  fo  hot  that  melted  Pitch  ran  down  the  fides  of 
the  Ships,  and  that  the  Ice  is  raifed  above  the  Water  many  Fathoms, 
anH  many  .irnes  above  thirty  Fathom  under  Water,  and  fometimes 
'tis  fr«>zen  to  the  bottom  of  the  Sea.  The  frv^'^zing  and  breaking  of 
ib.e  Ice  makes  a  great  and  terrible  fioife^   fometimes  it  l^reaks  into 

great 


Of  GREENLAND. 


6xt 


elfe. 


gre.it  pieces,  and  fometimes  it  fiiatters  at  once  ir/cofmall  piecesj  with 
more  noife  but  lefs  danger. 

The  Beafts  of  the  Country  are  Foxes  of  divers  CclourSj  R.iindcer, 
Bears,  fix  foot  high,  and^fourteen  foot  long. 

Of  Water  Fowl  there  is  great  variety,  and  in  fo  great  abundance, 
that  with  their  flight  they  darken  the  Sun,  '  'vlz,.  Ducks,  Willocks, 
Stints,  Sea-Pidgeons,  Sea-Parrots,  Gulls,  Noddees,  There  are  alfo 
great'quantitiesof  Fiflies,  as  Seals,  Dog-Fi/lies,  I.obfters,  Gernels, 
Star-Filh,  Macarel,  Dolphins,  Unicorns,  Whales,  &c. 

Our  Men  that  Wintered  in  Grw/^//,  Anno  i6'i^0j  loft  the  Light 
of  the  Sun,  OBober  the  fourteenth,  and  faw  it  not  again  till  February 
the  third. 

Thofe  that  ftaid  there  1*555,  fay,  that  OBober  the  fifth  was  the  laft 
day  they  faw  the  Sun,  tho'  they  had  Twilight  till  the  fcventcenth,  and.. 
en  the  twenty  fecond,  the  Stars  were  plainly  to  be  feen,  and  fo  con- 
tinued for  all  the  Winter.  •  January  the  hfteen,  they  perceived  lb- 
much  Light  as  to  read  by  it  ^  February.  t\\t  twelfth,  they  faw  the  light 
of  the  Sun  on  the.  Tops  of  the  Mountains. 

Thofe  that  wintered  in  Nova  Zembla  1 5-96,  in  the  feventy  fix  De- 
grees, on  O&obiT  the  twenty  third  faw  the  Sun  not  fully  above  the. 
Earth:  After  OSiober  the  twericy  fifth,  they  faw  the  Sun  no  more  till 
January  the  twenty  fourth ,»  they  faw  the  edge  of  the  Sun  above  the. 
Horizon.  Thefe  alfo  tell  us.  That  in  feventy  four  Degrees,  the 
Water  was  as  green  as,  Grafs..  ^  And  that  at  Cherry  or  Bear  Jfiand  \n: 
the  feventy  fourth  Degree,  and  thirteen  Minutes,  the  variation  was. 
thirteen  ligrees.. 

The  firft  we  read  of  that  fearched  for  the  North  Weft  palTage,  wast 
Martin  Forbijlier  in  Anno  if 76,  w'«th  »-wo  Barks  ,  coming  to  the  La- 
titude of  fjxty  two  Degrees,  found  a  g.veat  Inlet  of  fixty  Leagues  in 
length,  and  main  Land  on  both  fides,  called  by  him  Forbijhers  Strait,. 
He  found  there  a  certain  Oar,  which  he  thought  to  be  Gold,  and  the 
next  year  made  a  Voyage  to  fetch  a  quantity  of  it,  but  it  proved  but 
black  Lead.  And  upon  Smiths  Ifle  they  found  feveral  Stones,  out  of 
which  they  melted  Gold,  but  in  very  fmall  quantities.  They  found 
alfo  a  dead'Fifli  of  about  twelve  foot  long,  in  fliape  like  a  Porpoife, 
having  a  Horn  fix  foot  long  growing  out  of  his  Snout,  which  is  ft  ill, 
kept  at  Windfor. 

In  1 585,  Sir  Humphry  Gilbert  went  to  the  great  River  of  St.  Lau;- 
rence  in  Canada,  took  poffeffion  of  the  County,  and  fettled  a  fifliing. 

Trade  there. 

In 

.  .  -  p 


■« 


"ww: 


<5it  Of  GRBMLAm. 

Ill  15-8  f,  )Ar.  John  Davis  was  employed  for  fearch  of  the  North 
Weft  paflage:  The  firft  Land  he  came  to,  ha  called  the  Lan4  ofDe- 
foUtion'y  thenhi  ariived  in  Gill/erts  Soundj  tn  the  Latitude  of  fixty 
four  Degrees  and  fixteen  Minutes.  Thence  they  went  to  fixty  fix 
Degrees  and  forty  Minutes  to  Mount  Raleigh ^  Totnes  Sounds  i&c.  In 
1  v86,  he  made  a  (econd  Voyage  to  the  fame  place,  found  amongft 
the  Natives  {omo.  o^  Frohijfiers  Oar,  as  alio  Lafis  Sfecularis,  Copper 
Oar,  as  alfo  black  and  red  Coivper,  and  returned,  after  fearch  of  ma- 
ny places,  with  hopes  of  difcovering  the  defired  Paflage:  So  that  in 
tlie-year  1 5-87,  he  made  a  third  Voyage  to  feventy  two  Degrees  and 
twelve  Minutes,  where  the  Compafs  varied  to  eighty  two  Degrees 
Weftward,  the  Land  he  called  London  Coaft,  and  there  they  found 
an  open  Sea,  forty  Leagues  between  Land  and  Land,  which  he  called 
■Fretum  Da^is. 

In  the  year  16 10,  Mr.  H«<i/S»  proceeded  one  hundred  Leagues  fur- 
ther than  any  before  had  done,  and  gave  names  to  certain  places, 
viz,.  Defire-provokes,  Ifles  of  GoJmercie^  Vrince  Henries  Cape,  King 
James  Cape,  Queen  y4nns  Cafe,  &c.  but  the  Ice  hindred  nim  from 
going  fuither,  and  the  mutiny  of  his  Men  from  returning 
home. 

In  161 2,  James  Hail,  and  with  him  fViHiam  Baffin -SiCcoyered 
Cockiftgs  Sound,  in  the  Latitude  of  fixty  five  Degrees  and  twenty 
Minutes,  which  differed  from'2i<w«^fl»  fixty  Degrees  and  thirty  Minutes, 
where  James  HaU  was  killed  In  the  Boat  by  a  Native,  pretending  to 
trade. 

They  iaw  Rocks  ot  j,-re  Stone,  finer  and  whiter  than  Alablafter, 
ViXid.  Angelica  growing  plentifully. 

161  y,  Bafjin  was  lent  again,  he  found  Fair-point  to  differ  from  Lon- 
don feventy  four  Degrees  and  five  Minutes,  and  found  that  there  was 
no.paflfage  through  Davis  Straits,  it  being  only  a  great  Bay. 

J  626,  Baffin  went  again,  and  in  Sir  Thomas  Smith's  Sound,  their 
'Compaft  varied  fifty  fix  Degrees  V/eftward,  but  finding  no  paffage 
returned  home. 

Sir  H.  WiUoughby,  i  fH^  in  his  difcovery  for  a  North-Eafl  paffage, 
paifed  by  a  large  Country,  by  the  Wefllide  whereof  he  failed  for 
ibme  days  together,  and  therefore  could  not  be  a  fmall  Ifland  as  the 
Dutch  make  it :  We  have  nothing  of  the  Voyage,  but  thofe  fhort  notes 
which  were  found  lying  upon  his  Table  after  his  Death;  which  was, 
':har  in  Jnptifi  the  fecond  they  parted  from  Seynam;  Jugufi  the  four- 
tfjcnth,  they  were  one  hundred  and  fixty  Leagues  North  Eaficrly 
troni  Hijnijm  j  that  they  continued  failing  till  September  the  fourteenth, 

•  where 


'-      Of  GREENLAI^D,  y^  -      •  6i^ 

where  they  Landed  on  a  Country^  high.  Rocky  and  uninhaBitedjfrom 
whence  the  Cold  and  Ice  forced  them  to  return  more  Southerly; 
which  they  did;,  till  they  came  to  Arz.may  a  River  in  Laplandy  where 
the  next  Spring  they  were  found  all  frozen  to  death  in  the 
Ship.  .... 

1  y  f  6,  Stephen  BtivrowSj  who  fearching  a  paflTage  by  the  North-Eaft 
unto  ttie  hdies  arrived  in  1 1 2  Degrees  and  twenty  five  Minutes  of 
Longitude,  feventy  fix  of  Latitude,  and  lb  failed  to  eighty  Degrees 
and  eleven  Minutes,  and  thence  to  Nct'a  "ZfimhU. 

1 580.  Arthur  Vet  and  Charles  Jackman  faiied  all  over  thofc  Seas.  ^ 
And  that  no  Nation  but  Engiifh  irequeuted  thole  Northern  Seas, 
till  1 578,  that  a  Dutch  Ship  came  to  CoJa,  and  a  year  or  two  after 
another,  to  St.  Nicholas,  and  that  by  the  encouragement  of  an  Eng- 
lijh  Man  that  Icthimfelfagainft  the  Ruffia  Company  whicli  wa^ Incor- 
porated in  15"  j;. 

Afterwards  the  Dutch  crept  in  more  and  more :  and  in  1 594  they 
employed  Barents  and  others  to  find  out  a  pafiage,  Barents  feparating 
from  his  Company  failed  to  the  North  Ealt  of  Nova  Zembliy  where 
he  loft  his  Ship,  and  himfelf  died ;  In  the  Latitude  of  feventy  four. 
Degrees  and  thirteen  Minutes,  the  variation  of  the  Needle  Was  thir- 
teen Degrees  which  was  at  Cherry  or  Bear  Ijland, 

In  1608,  Henry  Hudfon  was  fent  fo-th  to  difcover  the  North  Pole,^ 
who  went  to  eighty  two  Degrees,  as  did  alfo  Thomas  Marmaduke  of 
HuU  161 2,  who  faw  divers  Iflands  beyond  that. 

And  in  the  year  1610,  the  Company  '*',t  out  the  Ship  Amity,  Jonas 
Poo/ Commander,  for  Whale-filhing,  v  .so  fell  upon  the  Land,  for- 
merly difcovered,  and  called  it  Greenland,  and  gave  names  to  many  of 
the  eminent  places,  'vix,.  Horn-found,  where  they  found  Ah  Unicorns 
Horn,  (as  they  called  it)  Tee-point,  BeUpinf,  Black-point,  Lowns  Ifland, 
Cape  Cold  J  Jce-found,  Knotty-point,  Fowl-fomtd,  Deerfcund, 

And  in  CreJS Road,  (feventy  nine  Degrees  and  fifteen  Minutes  La- 
titude the  Variation  was  eighteen  Degrees  and  fixteen  Minutes  North- 
Weft)  he  feifed  upon  the  Country  to  the  ufe  of  his  mafters,  by  fet- 
ing up  a  Red  Crols,  and  faftning  a  Writing  to  it,  there  he  made 
thefirftOyl. 

And  in  161 1,  the  Company  fent  out  two  Ships  and  fix  Barques  to 
fifh  for  Whales^  where  the  firft  Whale  they  killed  yielded  them 
twelve  Tuns  ot  Oyl. 

In  the  year  1614,  the  Englijit  fet  out  thirteen  great  Ships  and  two 
Pinnaces  well  armed,  and  the  D«fci&  eighteen,  whereof  four  were 
Men  of  War.    The  Eftglifli  took  poffeflion  of  divers  parts  of  the 

Country:. 


\\ 


m 


62.4 


Oft^ew  Holland,  l*Jew  Zealand,  ^c. 


■ .-"%  1, 


:>^. 

•5-.: 


Country  for  the  King,  fetting  up  a  Crofs  and  the  Kings  Arms  m 
Lead:  And  the  Dtitch  did  the  like  afterwards  in  the  lame  places  for 
the  Pnnce  o^  Orange. 

In  the  year  i6\^,  the  King  oj  Denmark  Tent  three  Ships,  Men  of 
War,  to  demand  Cufto'n  for  Fifhin^  upon  this  Ifland,  which  was  de- 
nied, and  the  Ifland  affirmed  to  belong  to  the  King  of  England. 

In  the  year  1616,  the  Company  fent  eight  Sail  of  great  Ships,  and 
diis  year  difcovered  Edges  IJland. 

In  the  year  161 7,  the  EngliJIj  fent  out  fourteen  Ships  and  two  Pin- 
naces Jpril  izj.,  they  fet  fail  ivom  Gra'uefeyid,  and  M/y  28,  they  arri- 
ved at  Greenliindy  and  met  with  eleven  Sail  of  Dutch,  hfliing  in  Horn- 
found,  whom  they  forced  away,  and  took  from  them  all  they  caught, 
and  alfo  the  Englijh  that  were  in  their  Ships,  and  made  lyoo  Tuns 
of  Oyl,  and  difcovered  JVyches  Ifland  in  feventy  nine  Degrees. 

There  are  fome  Difcoveries  of  Land,  which  cannot  be  faid  to  be- 
long to  any  of  the  lour  giand  Divifions,  bei«g  feperate  by  Seas  of 
vaft  extent,*  viz,.  JIV«w^  G»i»«^  towards  the  Equator,  lo  called,  becaufe 
thought  to  be  oppofite  to  the  African  Guiny.  New  Zealand  the  An,ti- 
podes  alraoft  to  £«g/«»//,  difcovered  fiirft  by  Ferdinando  de  ^tier,  but  both 
of  the  Eafi-Indid  Companies  in  Holland  now  pretend  to  it,  tho'  they 
were  but  ill  ufed,  when  they  attempted  to  fettle  therafelves  there.  A- 
bout  three  hundred  Leagues  from  it  lies  another  Trad  of  Land  called 
Anthony  Van  Diemens  Land,  difcovered  by  the  Dutch.  The  Land  of 
Tarrats  ( if  any  fuch )  was  part  of  Ttrra  Aufiralls  incognita.  In  the 
year  i  ^04,  one  Gonneuille  a  Fremhmafjj  failed  thither,  and  was  well  en- 
^ercaincd  by  a  petty  King,  called  Arofca-,  Who  alfo  brought  away 
with  him  (bmc  of  the  Natives,  amongft  the  reft  the  Kings  Son  Efome- 
ricj  of  whofe  Race  there  a'-e  Ibme  yet  in  Ncrwandy  ( (aith  du  VaLj 

New  Holland  is  fo  highly  eltcemed  by  the  Dutch ,  that  they  have 
caufcd  die  Map  thereof  to  be  cut  in  the  Stones  of  their  Magnificent 
State  houfe,  though  I  could  not  afford  one  Map  for  it  here.  It  is  a 
Trad  of  Land  containing  about  1600  Leagues. 

IMor  far  from  Greenland  lieth  Cherry  Ifland  ^  thirty  Degrees  to  the 
Nordi  Laftwards,  whereof  ( faith  our  Sea  Waggoner)  is  the  Ifland  of 
NozHTr  Zemblii,  and  twenty  Leagues  to  a  Degree  is  the  Scale  made  in  the 
Chart,  fo  that  thirty  multiplied  by  twenty  makes  fix  hundred  Leagues, 
which  is  three  hundred  more  -than  the  true  diftance.  This  alfo  is  cer- 
tain, thar  in  all  the  Land  Maps,  that  I  have  feen,  it  is  laid  down  above 
one  hundred  and  twenty,  and  i  jo  Leagues  Eaftw^irds  farther  than  it 
ought  to  be.  And  I  have  the  rather  inftanced  in  this  particular,  for 
tliat  I  have  rcaion  to  thlnk^  that  this  was  the  chief  caufe  of  the  mir* 

fortune 


'.  :J,\ 


:•!" 


0/ Nova  2embla,  Terra  Jeflb,  S?r.  6i^ 

fortune  of  that  venturous  and  worthy  defign  of  Captain  If^ood  in  his 
Attempt  for  a  N.  E.  paffage  to  China. 

1  cannot  alfo  but  mention  the  Opinion  of  fome,  v/ho  tell  us,  that 
itJova  Zembla  is  the  Ifle  Carambice  of  the  Antients,  from  whence  Men 
may  go  upon  the  IceasfarasGre^»/«Wand  further,  fo  that  its  thought 
that  the  People  that  firft  inhabited  America  went  over  this  way. 

The  Land  oijejfo  lies  between  AJia  and  Ammcay  where  they  are 
fcparated  by  great  and  wide  Arms  ot  the  Sea;  tho'  others  think,  they 
excur  and  meet  almoft  together,  and  by  this  way  was  America  firlt 
peopled,  but  utrum  horum  mavis,  accipe.  The  Inhabitants  oi  Jejfo  ex- 
change their  Fifti,  their  Tongues,  their  Whiles  Oyl,  in  the  Cities  of 
Japan,  which  are  next  to  them.  The  Planks  of  their  Barks  are  not 
nailtd  but  fowed  together  with  Ropes  made  of  the  Rinds  of  Cocoes. 
The  Relations  of  the  Dutch  in  the  year  164;  tell  us,  that  part  of  the 
Country  acknowledges  the  King  of  Japan jSlhq  that  the  Governou  r  who 
relHes  at  Matz,imay jCarncs  him  every  yearSilvtT,  Feathers  of  lundry 
Colours,  and  fine  Furs. 

Thus  briefly  have  I  defcribed  all  the  mofl  known  parts  of  the  Earth, 
but  muft  leave  that  of  the  unknown  to  the  difcr  xry  of  future  Ages  ,• 
only  give  me  leave  to  fay  a  word  or  two  to  our  EngliJJ}  Planters,  &c. 
And  I  have  done"^:  -     ■ 

To  advance  a  happy  Plantation,  the  Undertakers ,  Planters,  and 
Place  it  felf,  muft  contribute  their  endeavours. 

Let  the  Undertakers  be  Men  of  no  fhallow  Heads,  nor  narrow  For- 
tunes, fuch  as  will  be  contented  with  their  prefent  Icfs  to  be  Bene- 
factors to  Pofterity.  Let  the  Planters  be  Honeft,  Skillful  and  Painful 
People  ,•  for  what  hope  is  there,  that  they,  v,^ho  were  Drones  at 
home,  will  be  Bees  abroad. 

Let  the  Place  be  naturally  ftrong,  or  at  leaftwife  capable  of  Forti- 
fication ,•  for  though  at  firft  Planters  are  fufficiently  fenced  vyith  their   ' 
own  Poverty,  yet  when  once  they  have  got  Wealth,  they  muft  get 
Strength  to  defend  it. 

lOands  are  eafily  ihut,  whereas  Continents  have  their  Doors  ever 
open,  not  to  be  bolted  without  great  charges. 

Let  not  the  Towns,  where  there  is  choice  of  Ground,  be  built  in 
places  of  a  iervile  nature,  as  being  over-awed,  or  commanded  by  fome 
Hills  about  them. 

Let  it  have  fome  Staple  Commodity  toballance  Traffick  with  other 

Countries,  few  Countries  can  ttand  alone,   the  Luxury  of  our  Age 

hath  made  fuperfiuities  necelTary. 

Let  tlie  Planters  endeavour  to  be  loved  and  feared  of  the  Natives, 

L  L 1  1 1  ufing 


^mfwi^ 


6i6 


The  COlJCLUSIOl^, 


ufing  Jiiftice  and  Honefty,  being  as  naked  in  their  dealings  with  the 
Natives,  as  they  are  naked  in  their  Attire,  imbracing  all  occafions  to 
convert  them,  each  Convert  is  a  Conqueft,  and  it  is  more  honour  to 
overcqme  Paganifm  in  one,  than  to  deftroy  a  thoufand  Pagans  ,•  for  an 
extirpation  of  the  Natives  is  rather  a  fupplanting,  than  planting  a 
New  Colony. 

I  am  confident,  faid  Dr.  FuUer  long  fince,  that  Amtrka  is  now  grown 
Marriageble,ahd  hopes  to  get  Chrift  for  a  Husband  by  the  preaching 
of  the  Gofpel. 

I  /hall  only  add,  that  no  Nation  hath  fpread  her  Sails  for  Traffick 
further  than  the  Englijh :  and  that  our  Foreign  Plantations  upon  the 
AJian,  African  and  American  Continents,  are  fo  many,  and  fo  con- 
veniently feated,  that  no  Chriftian  Nation  hath  opportunity  of  pierc- 
ing deeper  into  thofe  vaft  Heathenifh  Iflands,  than  the  EngUJh. 

And  yet  can  we  fay,  we  have  improved  the  advantages  God  hath 
put  into  our  Hands,  to  his  Glory,  and  the  propagation  of  his  Gof- 
pel ?  have  we  made  fo  much  as  one  folemn,-Miflion  ofPious  and  Learn- 
ed Men  to  preach  the  glad  Tydings  of  Salvation  in  Jefus  Chrift,  fo 
much  as  to  thofe  ignorant  Heathens  and  Idolaters,  that  confine  upon 
the  Englif)  Pale  ,•  yea,or  the  poor  Negroes,  that  are  detained  in  cruel 
flavcry  in  our  own  Plantations?  I  cannot  fay,  what  Glory  and  Ad- 
vantage this  would  be  to  the  EngUflj  Nation :  Pardon  me  therefore 
Great  Sirs,  the  Propofal  of  this  to  your  pious  confiderations,  whom 
it  doth  moft  concern :  For  your  faithful  management  of  the  oppor- 
tunities intrufted  to  you  for  the  Service  of  God,  and  the  inlargement 
of  his  Kingdom  at  home  and  abroad,  you  may  be  alTured^  will  not 
only  make  an  Acceflion  of  Renown  and  Honour  to  your  felves  and 
•generous  Families,  but  bring  in  alfo  eternal  Profperity  andHappinefs 
from  God  the  Father,  and  from  the  Lord  Jefus  Chrift.  As,  I  pray 
God  it  rfiay.     Amen, 


FINIS. 


vith  the 
ifions  to 
nour  to 
for  an 
ntinga 

grown 
eaching 

raffick 
)on  the 
fo  con- 

pierc- 


di. 


Geographical   TABLE 


Of  the  Names  of 


All  the  Kingdoms,  Provinces,  Countries,  Iflands, 
V^  Cities,  Towns,  Seas,  Rivers,  Bayes,  Capes, 
'!^l   Ports,  <^c. 


AA    AB 


AB    AC 


AC 


r 


A  An. 
Aagai 
Aat  Fl. 
Aaron 
Aaf     : 
AbMtt 
Ab&garus 
Ma-Henan 
Ahaim 
Ahila 
Abanhit  FL 
Abdntis 
i'^Abanvivdf 
:^knvivarierift 
Ahirinus 
Sibttfcia  FL 
AbafftA 
Abaffines  381, $10)^1)^2 
Abiwi  '■    Si$ 


h  •! 


177,  179 
-'  yir 

121} 232 

38? 

.         69 

283 

^'    3H 

477 

513 

:    »i4 

4^3 
187 

20I 
201 
283 

J12 


Abbadd  Curix     vai./  $1% 
Abbasjba  40 1 ,40^,404^46 j 


T/Abitis  CelU 

AbdalU 

'Abdara 

^delmeleeh 

jAietAl 

nlMerrahtMn 

%Mm  ft: 


213,272  i 
4Va, 

2I3y2^2, 

t^v.i.'U44 ' 


Abercmway 

34 

Aberdeen    "X 
Aberdonia  J 

$9 

Aberfraw 

33 

Abergwaine 

3<f 

Abemeth 

40 

Abertavf  , 

ibfi 

Abertyri 

Aber-yftwhb 

ibid. 

Abejfim  mm. 

J1C2 

Abejfmes        jio,  fii,  Ji2 

Abex 

JIO 

Abexim     ,,  ./ 

yii 

Abidos 

348,272 

Abila  tnon. 

207 

Abinminium 

Z44 

AbnobayAbnubimm.  123,124 

Abo 

70 

Abranam 

3^4 

Abrehx 

n7 

Abricantum  Civit, 

i^y 

Abuithaftn 

481 

Abufir 

491 

Abutich 

JOI,  f02 

Abutig 

,-      foi 

Arya  Inf. 

•     4J8 

Abydus 

yoi,  5:02 

Academia  ^ulia 

If2 

Acamas  Fr<m. 

377" 

m^c^     UUV^'' 

AcAtnaniA 

27<? 

AcaxutlA 

585 

Accadie 

<fl4 

AccarA 

yo7 

AceafA 

296 

Acebar 

528 

Aceffines  FL 

417 

Acmes 
Ach 

■  2y8 

127 

AchiUA  defer. 

277y  19 

AchAta  propriA 

282 

Achaii 

271 

AchAtnantis  Inf, 

37s 

Achan. 

4J7 

Achei 

271 

Achelous  FL 

280,  291 

Achem 

.     4fy 

Achen^  its  King, 

Coin  and 

Weights,  33f. 

ti39,39U 

4ff 

Acheron  FL 

277 

Achilles 

z7y»  288 

Achlar  FL 

365 

Achmet  Vifier 

-loy 

AchmethA 

403 

Acbmin 

4PI>  494 

Achrydus 

274 

Acincum 

107 

Ac,kbAr 

^■•?4ap 

4(iemM      , 

96 

, 

AcimA 

AC    AD    iE 

jicomatl^    ■'"■'.  J 91 

Aconry       ,  jo 

jicor  48  z 

d'  Acques  xpt,  199 

Acq^iii  141 

^crtf                ^  f  40 

Acridiis      '  i6% 

Jcritiis  From.  2.83 

Acroathon  Mort.  Z74 
Acrocermnixn  Mon.        277 

AcrocoriHthus  Fort  z  ?  J 

Acronius  Fl.  513 

Acronius  Lacus  138 

Acrothon  Mon.  ^ 274 

Acrothoon  Mon.  ibid.  ' 

^^;t  iieg/iZ  2 10 

AHabon  Fl.  405 
AHium  and  its  Battle,  175 

191,491 
^rf<ti«  and  its  Battle    3^1 

^iiW  J  1 7 

Aiamah  ibid. 

Addms  Apples  290 

.  AddeFh  244 

Ai^<i  fiS 

AdegeleFt.  3?^ 

Arff/  fio,  ni,f28 

Kdelenfn  yia 

Adendefc.      389,390,391, 
254,29^,381 

,  hdtnium  471 

Ai/e/fj  F/.  .  ;■  *  'i^f 

A<fc//i  "  a7f 

A<fc*t^^ei'  2^8 

AdigeFl.  234 

Arfo/p*  of  Schaumberg      y  7 
Adonis  37^,  377 

Adonis  Fl.  -    '   -3^3 

AdovAres.  "    4^9 

ArfrwnEnip.  3^9 

i^r.  Adrian  Mon.  ^o6  > 

Kdrianopolis  zyi' 

Adrians  J>'dhr  277' 

Adriatic\  Set        2  45;  2  ^9 . 
Adribe  jo2; 

Adrumetum,  Adfumitnt  4^6 ' 

'  AdratMum  184 

Adratuca  Tort^rorum       x88 
Adule,Adidit  ,  f", 

'  e/€defius  ^  .".^'J'?'° 

♦lE^rfA  •   *  ■   175 


•      -ffi    AF    AG 

&€gathes  and  their  Bat.  2  j  8 
<3^^w«  (//.  287 

S/i^eiZHi'.2^9,279>283,i87 
(s/tgialta,  @/£gialus  282 
(H/Egiliii  Inf.  291 

<8/Egina  288 

(&^gyfimba  '      524 

<s/tgufa  487 

<s^ljfpt  4/f7,  489,  J02 

<s/£gyptus  ._   ji    490 

<ii/Egyra  Inf.  .  *  374 
la/tlboiirgh  .  .       ^8 

(3/-£mathia  .  273 

^/€milius  P.  301 

a/EmoniA  247,  273, 27 f 
Q/Enarixinf  25' 9 

&/£neas  zyo,  iH 

s/£niponi  • '       1,4  f 

^y^nos   -  272 

@/Enus  122 

@/€olia  Inf.  2^9 

9/£olis  -      34^ 

@/£oles  -     271 

s/Hquilea.  ...^    loi 

(s4:'r/tf  ■"    ^'  :  490 

9/£ropolis  I         '  277 

9/Efchines  271 

(S/Efchilus  af7 

®^/cm/<i^w's  Temple  284 
a^/o/ij  Lega.  to  his  Son  500 
@/£taliaiInf  defc.  374 

I  Q^thale  Inf  defc.         ibid.  1 
e^ihalia  inf  deft.         2  y  8 
<s/£thiep/e  Injf.  defc.         374, 
9/£thii^ia  4^7 

9/£thraa  Uf  defc.  37??  37^ 
s/£thuft  487 

@/£tius  Ro.  Gen.  101 

(S/€tna  Mon.  2y8 

(S/£tolia        27^,  277)  180  I 
s^tolians  280  i 

^/er  .-     4tf2  < 

/ijfier-  ^/fee»  -    1^3 

Afflingen  '■  ^>">  -  J83 

y4fr/V<t  defc.  from  4^1  to  41^7 
Africa  propria-  ^     485 

African  Iflanis.       ''     ^29 


."^'h:" 


4^9 


Africans 

Ag-a^i 

Ag-ayan      . ,   ,     .  '  ■  ibid. ; 


AG    AH   AI    AK    AL 

Agar  ens  387 

St  4gi;j&4's  Church  i($^ 

-^i:<?tj         _„  418" 

^gen                  ■     '  199 

4&fn  GoW  339 

Agennenfium  199 

Ager  Solvenfis  144 

Agefilaus  271 

Aghrim           •  yo 

Agincourt- Battle  194 

Aginium  1 99 

Agiomana  274 

'Aj^aj  ?£?*  ibid. 

^g/oj-  L^M*"*  ibid, 

^^wet       ,           ,  47? 

AgmetFl.  47^ 
Agra  defc.      417,419,294 
i9Ui96j  344» 

.(«^r/<r  -          III 

Agrigentum  2y8 

./^g«<iy  274 

.//^<i  '    •           y4 

Ahafuerus  .'  ;.   492 

>^/rfB  Iv,:,.'...      .528 

Aichfiadt  ^31 

Aitnandefc.  389 

^mM  In/.  438,  442 

y^i'n/^  214 

Aimanx  vv,j.J.74 

/i/Vf  ',    ?79 

Aifaux  180 

>^«(>n  .*,  J  .    .>2.8o 

>Jix/^  Chap^ty  •..  .1*7 
Akxlykedefc.  :,$iZ 

Akay  .jj  iv:4»<7 

AkaiUlie    '  !  .,,344 

.z^/;^e»  .'^  -  J^;;  •  :=  127 
i^/j/^r  349 

vJ/j  Fabiana^Atx  Flxvit.  141 
Ala  Narifcx  >  ,  ..  'JJ 
Ahbt  \~.>.n,.  <:i  Ay- .iXp 
Aixduli  !;.*h-j  ,Mv347 

Aldcment-  '  ,  »-79 
Alxndix'  >  .;\^9 

.^xrbes  ^-..i  ■\\.  :v^*f0 

■uUtjhabet  >.  4.-l»itf 


AK    AL 

387 
166 
418 
199 
339 
199 
144 

i7I 

SO 

194 

ibid, 
ibid. 

47y 
47  tf 
419, 294 

*5^,  344> 
258 
irr 

274 
f4 

4pz 

I3i 

438,  44; 
214 

■..■Vij.^*74 

:    ?75 
180 

i  r\,2.8o 

-v^  act 

'  i-'-'447 

^■.V:344 

.^•i'  127 

34« 

'•■'  ^3iJ 
v'.J:347 

i.  .t^iiW 
:  *.-]W« 


M 


Alba  Curia 
Mba  Ciulia 
Alba  S^ulia 
Alba  Longa 
Alba  Regal  if 
Alba  Sebtipana 
Alba  Fomfeix 
Albagra  Inf. 
Albana 
Atbanenfcf 


J28 

P8 

98,  II I 

ISO 

lo6i  II z 

131 

141 

537 

371 

188,279 


Albania   18,  ^66^  270,  273 
Albanopoli  .,.        274 

Albar.:<4  Mon.  123  ' 

Albany  Meiiv  6ii 

Albaul  \-  ■       483 

Alber marie  19S  , 

Albermarle  FL  f  90 

Albermarle  Settlement     ibi4 
Alpenga  241  • 

Albenjis   £  E^ei^w-FeyerMir  • 

Albert  on  488 . 

Albigaunum  242 1 

jUbigenfes  v')  '  r.  *38' 
/iibingaanum  y  242  ■ 
Albiniana  Caftra  16  s  ] 

4lbintimeliutn ,  Albintimili- 


um 
Albion 
Albion  Nova, 
AlbU  f /. 
^tbivA  Mon, 
Mm^ 
Alffubtrque 
Afhuma\er 
r/Ubutig 


142 
3?o>424 

:n.  387 ; 

V-50I 


'^gadde,  Akadde  Gb^btri^Ti  j 
^&tf/4  de  Hefitres      :   »vr 
ir«;tf//5  :/irf    .t*78' 

Aka\ar         471,  477,2 1« 
AtiirU  X76\ 

A^finom's<3iii^:         292] 
A^emaer  j^j 

-«fe"'^«    ^  .T^/9i3^7,4?fi 

Aldiahs 

A^dees  .', 

A^Sium  .^\,r 

Alenfon  *   * 

'j^ent-tbuf  ,; 

Ahiitiio'^defe.  ,;  ^^|,  ,    . 


Alefio 

Alexandria 
Alejfendretta 
Aletes 
Aletha 


477  j 

4n 

i*»4 


AL 

3jr,  3f2,38i, 

3»^»  3»7,  344 

;;..      »^4>  *74 

»43 

•.  •    377 

'     281 

I9tf 

Alexander  the  Great,     275:, 

17^,270,  271,277,349, 

3^0,352, 3 J3,3j<?,  380, 

39T,  401,  402,  410,  4i<?, 

417,414,393,400,418, 

420,  48i',  492,  499 

Alexander  (5th.  Po.  5:45:, 5-^4 

Alexander  Sir  IViUiam    6 1  y 

AJexandretta  Port  defc-    352 

Alexandria  defc.    37?,  3*7, 

.,  3y<^,  *43»39o>  410,491, 

493,  494,  49<f,  497,  499 

Alexandria,  Arachofia     41,9 

^ex/4  198 1 

Alexis  Micbaelmiti  y     74! 
'4(^i'«'  ^y^.478i 

Alfrangua      .  -''  190 ' 

Algartedefc.  '        213^224. 
Ajgaides  v,-\,.  3.S7  ' 

^^''^^'»     .iui- ut.f\v  ^4 1 

Alzidvmmana      .  ■       fg*  | 

Algiers  382,4^5,4^2' 

Algierine  l{ingdom  defc,  4J80,  * 

481,482,483,484^ 

Albania 

Ali-B4t 

Alicant  defc, 

4l[binaU 

Aligator 

Alimerdenfian 

4liV! 

Alfiebulan 

AUemar4 

i^Untt        ,,.     -x»j 

AftiaFl.  andits'BattIef9i, 

zyo 
AUobrms  ,  23^,237 
Almacharana.  390 

Almontes  ,,  Ho>yy» 

^Imaiiies      2  2.^,  n  4,  x  3^ 


Al    AM 


Altitjnfur 
Alma^ 
Almera 
Almeriii 
Almeyda 
Almeyda  F. 
Almiffa 
Almocadens 
Altnoxarifates 
S.  Aloipa 
Alonejus  Inf. 
Alonfo  Zanchet 


^01 

:2i,2 

357 
305,412 

391 

.     J^8 

406 

198 

^...    k4^i 


471 

112 
212 
203 
J28 

:^3 
47<f 

222 

»93 

288 

J41 
348 
237 
16S 


Alofos 

Alpes  CoBite 

Alphen 

AlpeKi  Fl. 

Alphonfo,  d'  Albu^uerf,  405 

Alpkonjut  223 

Alps  Mon. 

Alps  of  Tirol 

Alpuxarras 

Alfatia 

Alfen  Inf 

los  Altares 

Altdorf 

Altemburgb 

Altena 

Altb.  Fl.  ^ . . 

Altimul  FL 

Altmark^    , 

Altr^f    '•" 

Alva's  Ihtvp^ 

Alvarado  FL 

Alut/i  FL 

Ah 

Al/tt-Lougb 

^pyic0is 

jfyiadabat  defc. 


121, 122 

140 

211 
118,131,134 

59,^1 
f3o 

t33 

lo6,  112,  147 
1^4,  166 

99 
138 
Z48 
232 
21^ 
y8i. 

99 

307 

fo 
417 

294>  Wf» 


417,^96,332,  33-3v334 


Amadas  Ph 

kmadarafiis 

Amadmagda 

Amagara 

Amalfi 

A;t^an 

Amar^tia 

Amdn^iridin 

Amara. 

Amara  Mons 

Amarodocii 

Amarufa 


f-9a 
A^7 
yJ4 
352 
254- 

•3.;f 

yia 
4^5,  ^66 
,.       477 

40X 


.L 


Amfea,  Amfm  Cit.     1 3  4^. 


AM 

KmifiA  347 

Kniitpi  37<f,  377.  490>  491 
AmafmFi.         -.  113 

Amath'us  37<?,  378 

Aniatbus  FA  2  8(? 

Atiuthufia  Trf.  $76 

AmsthUn  ySj 

Awd^/4^  ■,■'-'      3  8  is 

Antaion  Fl.  »;?4 

AnaioniaFl.  j^o,  jrytf,  y J7 
Kmaioninn  Women  JJ7 
Aw4tow       jyo,  37r,f4y> 

ry<f,  f  J7,  y<5o 

AW&4  Bijici  Monafi.  ^99 
Amba  Gojhen  fix 

Ambacet  yn>  J'* 

Atnbalachi  '  >i8 

Awfcrfr*  y  n 

Ambeloes  4^1 

Amber  96 

Amberg  140 

AtnbergA  Cdntixbk  ibid. 
Amber-griece  4*7 

Ambianenjis  Civit.         154  • 
AvtbrackU  ,    176 

Afiibrones  V.        irf 

AwtAoj'  Po/«*  tfoj 

AmbopiA  Inf.  defc.  i^Sy  45:9, ' 

4^0 
America  defc.  5:42,  jf'43^5:44,  i 
.     ^       y4j' 

Americus  Vefpufiut  545  t 

Amersfort  \6% 

Arnha  jn  j 

Anhara  Mon,         iiliftt ' 
Amctas         -^^    -^^  *i'«4 
Awirf*        '\      3y4>lfJ^ 
Aw/rftfV  Temple        '    44^^ 
Amiens  ■'     '"  -  r 04 

A«;7f4r         .      -.^'•^'  48?' 
Amina  *  '^    34^  ! 

Amirteus  A^f. ' 

Atnh,  Amifus  Fl.  *i$l 

Ammonis  —*     "4^1 ; 

Ammonitet  ^3^0,  3^1 1 

Amnafan  '^■,        349: 

Amorites  .  ►'  3^0 
Awo^os     .  ,  '  •"  Aoy 

Aw^rf^*  '    -"s  WA, .;    j^^ 


« 

.k^' 


AM    AN 

AmphiHiones  »8t 

Amphilachia  ■'.  ^76 

Atnphiont  Harp  278 

Amphipolis  274 
Amphilfa        .   i^""      280 

Ampracia  1 7^ 

Ampfage            ,-  .      283 

Antpurdan        '  -^      218 

Amjiel  Canal.  1^3 

Amftelodamum  ibid 

Amfterddm.  defc.  8  tf ,  1 6  3 

Amfterdam  Fort  *9S 

Amfterdam  Inf.  ^96 

Amsbury  ^08 

Amurath  II.  io2>  2^7,  281 
Amurath  IV.  3J7>  403 
AmufiaFl.  113 

Ana  defc.  389 

Anaiftria  277 

Attt/e  -  ' '^       471 

A«4W  .*;  V  ,  401 
Anamboul-  ^«^  5:38 

Anaphe  Inf  a8? 

Awrf/Wtf  ■;'»^«'-''  a84 
Anarghia  $67 

Anas  Fl.  203,207,210 
A»-i/fx  foi 

Anatolia  defc.  34^ 

Anchefimus  Mon,  177 

Aambiale 
fmhifai  Mon, 
AiKcna 

ibid 

A»core  «•  ;  •■ ;'  ^'  3if7 
Awyrtf  '  "■  ibid.) 

Andalufia       203,  20^,  2,10 f 

Andartftus  .', ';  .z?}-! 

Andeglxvum  ';."'  ,f^7 

Anderium  '"^'i;?i 

Anderlecht       '^••-'•-' '  "-'iSil 
Andernopolis  .  272; 

S.  Andero  "*  '     io8 ' 

AfidesMon.  tii'lsfll 

JtmottfatupfitH  .  ^iSo\ 

Anhiier  '  ^^^" '  -  ^'Vo^i 
An'doverpum  184' 

'KMragius  ''['\'  41  f; 

Andretium  ••••■^  ^^^ 
St.  A»(irew  18^,3^7, 

St.'A»rfrw»;f'  •  "•    •i>| 

St:  Andrewi  Inf,    --^  "i'SV 


Aneonitana  Marchia      ''   ' 


AN 

St.  Andrews  Fort 

Andres  Inf. 

Andujar 

Anfa 

Anfifa    - 

Angara 

Angchony 

Angediva     , 

Angelen 

S.  Angelo  Caji. 

Angelo  Mon 

Angelopico 

Los  Angelas 

Altera 

Angermania 

Angern 

Angejlri 

Anghai        ■'-■  : 

Angiers 

Angles 

Anglefey       j 

A»r    i,j 

Aj^go.i 

Angolftadium 

Angonri 

At^ora 

Angn 

Angoulefme 

Angoumoit 

Angoxa 

A^tA 

Angrona 
Attguilla  Inf 
Angyra 
Anhalt 
Anian 

Ar^ou      ''■'• 
As^ou  Duke 
AnifiisFl. 
Anjufur  el  vieio 
Ann  Arundel  Fl, 
Annaben  Inf 
Annan 


K  > 
J  c 


170 
289 
210 

47  r 

280 

.     '      547 

$x 

X9H 

59 

^U 

278 

S79,  j8o 

^9j71 
107 

'  •-''•^^^288 
482 


ii  y. 


*;^V' 


197 

,    -   33 

347 
J12 
Sn 
l9i 
194 

0 


■*,.  • 


■I 


rosi  t. 


»?y>J>74 

347 

147,  If 3 

■    r'^3^4 


210 


:V4 

9 


.".It, 


Annettm,  )i.nnec;f ,  ''''^ih 
Arfnobonfk-^^^^    '  -■^^- 


■It 


5.»\^ 


Anficians 
Anfocha 
AntAchiA 

Antaus  ,, « 

A«4«  'ff4i?,3|b 

Antanim  Inf  -•"'  ^^^  '  ^-89 
'Amego  Inf.  defc,  %9U  ^H 
AntequtTA 


t 


AN    AP 

jintequera    .  j8t,  iix 

Mt-SiW  178 

Anthonys  Bay  538 

St.  Mtbony'i  Inf.  m 

St.Mthon/t  Monajl  ^96,501 
Anticym^  Anticyrrha  i9i 
Arttigoca  17  J 

AntigonU  273,  27 f,  347 
Antigoms  359 

Antilles  Inf.  defc.  19 Si  1 64 
Antinoe  499 

Antioch  4n 

Antiochene.  371 

Antioch  ia  410 

Antiochix  Magrii  3  >  1 

Antiochuf  301,  35*^,  400 
Antipater  275",  288 

Antirrhium  Fremont.  i?o 
Ant ijfa  Tnf.  defc-  374 

Antijftodorum  198 

AntmigilBay  <!s% 

Antoniana  349 

Antonio  Berio  $6i 

Antoniui  275,27^,300,301, 

378,  379j  401 »  4915  498 
Antorfi.  ''184 

Antravidt     •  282 

Antrim  Count,  and  Town48 
Antwerp  defc.  i  j8,  182,  183 
184, 30^ 
AnvereSf  Anvert  Anverfa, 
184,  306, 
Antirodgbarro  45 1 

Anxcw  2  JO 

^o/?4,  ^ok/??  240 

Apalvhen  ^91 

Ap>imea,  Afifiiia  dtfc.  3J1 
Apelles  375 

Apcncenfium  Civit.  200 

.(4/'crrMv<J(..'i,    AyrwA^e    Tl. 

3.9r,  yf^o 

.ifp/'izr         '  4^2 

^;>^er  il  id. 

jiphiom  Ciira[far  34^ 

Aphrodifnim  485 
Aphrodifimn  Prowom.      218 

Aphroditium  ibid. 

Aphr odium  Colon i  ,        484 

.(^;w  2?2 

.  ^p»  ibid. 

AptfV  Temple  498 

ApoUo,  ^  491 

AMe'j  Altar  377 


.     AP    AQ.  AR 

AR 

A/ioWo'x  Harp                3^0 

Araucho 

^1^ 

A^I/oV Temple    289,  3 J' 

Araques 

ibid. 

ApoUoniui             549,  377 

Araufta 

20X 

Apolonia                        273 

Araxes  Fl.     3^3, 

16U 

394 

Apolonia  Gulph            i^y 

Armo    _ 

378 

St.  Apo'onia  Inf             SS9 

Arbaifa  dejc^ 
ArbeU  and  its  Bat 

404 

'Ambiy.i                     yoi 

tie 

3J^ 

Appenn.neMon.  234,244,249 

Arfcfl//^4 

90 

Appennages  Law            191 

Ari>4r  rr//?/f 

433 

Appen\ed        229,230,  232 

Arcadia, 

282 

AppimUfi                       494 

Arcadians 

285 

A/fm                           27  J 

Archangel 

78 

Aprojita  Inf                  531 

Archelaui 

S'i9 

Apuliim                          98 

Arches 

187, 

288 

Apumatuc  F/.                 fji 

Archimedes 

1T7 

AjK^                             227 

Archipelago     1 8, 

284, 

289 

Aqux  Augufiii        191,199 

287,  190,  3447 

1^6 

374 

A</«(t  Sextix                 201 

a7f. 

AqutxCdidx             ■     209 

Archontes 

277 

A2«<t  (;<i//^<e                ibid. 

Archytas 

ijf 

Aqua  Statelia                241 

Arcijfa  Lake 

3^y 

A^w^e  Statyella             ibid. 

Arcofcdirfr 

96 

A3«<c  voconia                1 1 8 

Ari* 

f07 

Aquattiko                     j8i 

Ar^/tf/io  F/. 

48d> 

Aquenfium  Civit            199 

Ardea 

250 

AquiU  F/.                     453 

Ardenne           125 

,  i8o,i8x 

Aquittia,               145,  227 

Ardevil  defc. 

404 

Aquincum.                     1 07 

Ardfeart 

Ji 

Aquifgrann                    127 

Ardmagh 

48 

AjM/w/ne  Ocean           193 

Ardmeanucb 

40 

ArA-Lun,i                       1 8 1 

Ardra. 

I9i 

Arabia  defc.  325",  342,  34?, 

Arelate 

191 

,  lox 

344,  34<^,  383, 38<f,  388 

Aremrtce 

iCi 

Arrffc/d  the  Stony  rffff.   388 

Arenacum 

169 

Ar^^M  the  Defert    '      3851 

Arensberg 

Mf 

Ar<?iw  the  Happy  rfe/c.  389, 

Areopagui 

277 

3yo 

Arelckot 

iSj. 

Arabixn  Gulph              4(^2 

Arefgol 

481 

Arabians     342  ,  381,  58^, 

Arethujst 

286 

387,  38£,  504,  5oy 

Aretui 

?3* 

AraboFl.               lof,  iii 

Arga  Fl. 

214 

Amc.                     394,  39^ 

Argal  Sir  Sam.  • 

<fir 

Awrf»2<?y,  296, 334^3935 

Argarick  Gulph 

419 

43* 

Argentara,  Moriy 

*y3 

Aracofia.                        3174 

Argentina  Inf 

289 

Araditi                         \  42 

Argenteria 

in 

ArrtAr                                472 

Argentoratum 

131 

Aralites                         528 

Argentuarta 

i3r, 

A.rdnia                             97 

•Argia 

282 

,  184 

Ar(Zr<ir  ATort.             3<f4,4i<f, 

Argier 

482 

»  483 

Ar^/jF/.        3^3>3<5y>394 

Argiro. 

27<J 

Ar«                                528 

Argivi         271, 

1.81 

»  i90 

Araucho                       xji 

hrglAs 

4» 

Ar|^. 

AR 

Argonuuti-  187,    3<'j 

Argos  181,  i8f 

-^rgo/  Pimphilochiiim       i8f 
^r^oj  PeUjgictvti  175,  s7(5, 

z8j 
z8f 
191 
117 
Til 

Tor 

410 

171 

Z90 
131 
3^y 

17!? 
349 
374 
28^,  494 
171 


ciy?. 


i^rgoj  Peleponnefiacum 

Argojloli  Port 

Argo'M  Poriua 

ArguUo 

Argiiin  19?. 

Argyrajpidet 

ArU      594)  4oS!»  179, 

Ariadne 

Arialbinum- 

Ariammem 

Aricn 

Arien 

Ariminum 

Arion 

Arijiarchut 

Ariftides 


130, 


a7ij 


I9h 


Arjfionus 

Ariftotle 

Arius 

Ar^elio 

Aries 

Arlet 

Arlun 

Armada  Sp. 

Armager  Inf. 

Armagh 

Armatica 

Armenia  defc.j^i. 

3<^4, 
Armenia  major 

Armenia  minor 

Armenians 

Armenian  Chv\{hi.  3^^,400 

Armenian  Church  ^64 

Armenian  Women        ibid. 


1^4 
174 
487 
510 
201 

Z8i 

1S9 

60 
48 
370 
3«r2,363, 
383.  397 
3^i»  378 
346,  3(f2 
39tf 


Arment 
Armem 
ArminiuA 
Armiro 
Armorica 
Armua  F/. 
Amheim        ^ 
Arnh:iK 
A^m  Fi 
j-lti.-?  Pirte.nfis 


yoi 

490 

nj 

t'8f,  176 

196 

48^ 

X70 

2541  Mr 
;8j. 


'-    AR    AS 

AroweM  !»/.  ' 'i-'^yJ'      'f<fo 

Arr^.fon  '        » 1 3 

hrras  .   .   ,  178 

Arroe  f»/.  /  '      J  J,  <l 

Arro/  •.  ''•  40 

Ar/ku  393 

Arjacef  399 

\rfaniait  Lak«  3<!>r 

hrfatia  403 

Ar/c/iot  187 

krftcua  1^6 

Arfinoa  348 

Arj/notf  378,  390,  foi 

Ar/?noe  C/>,  377 

krfifaca,  403 

L'  Artii  27^ 

Artaunum  .  132 

Artaxata  27 1»  3^4 

Artitxf  rxfj    1 9  3  >  40 1 ,  40  3 , 

40^ 
Artsxerxes  Longimams  ^91 
Artaxerxes  Ochta  ibid. 

Artaxia  271 

Arfaxiafau  '    ibid. 

AWM  393 

ArtemipA  349 

Artemiftum  213 

Artemita.  36  y 

Artemitida  ibid. 

Artemitti  ibid. 

Artepa  178 

Anbejiit  ibid. 

K.  Arf/»«rj  Table.  34 

Arthufen      ''  y8 

Anifiga,  481 

Artigif  2 1 2 

//rto«  Frov  rff/c.    178,  i  j  8 , 
Artrebictum  178 

Arvenjls  d'  Arvst  lor 

Arundel  Sir  Thorn.        1 1 1 
Arvonia  34 

./^rw/zo  ..       ^        301 

ArxBataverum  170 

Ar\eriim  3  5'<f,  39? 

./^r^///<f  471 J  477 

Angina    PI.  703 

^/jy7  475 

^,^z?;/(i  F/.  47  y 

/i/*?/"''  382 

St.  4/4/»^  34 

Ash  ah  awn  399 

Afcalirigii'.m  *  xji 


AS 

Afcenfton  Inf.  •'  !^''"  fj^t 

Afchaftnburgh    _  ,'»'''    1 28 

Afcihurgium  127,  ii« 

Afclepiades  377 

A/cr<f(«  279 

Afcrivim.      •  '• '     2(^3 

Afcrivium  - '■  fbid. 

Afcolenfe  Pralitttn  249 

A/co//  ibid. 

Afculum  ibid. 

Ajcum  y  i  8 

Ajdrubal       484,  48 y,  48^ 

A/e»z  t^ingdom  dejc  42 1 

A  f err  din  4^2 

Ajfear  471,  joy 

Afharaff  defc.  40  r 

Ajhleyfl.  ygo 

Ay^ttr  Tribe  3^0 
Ay/tfrff/c.      341,342,  343, 


A/?*  w/»or 

Afiitick  Turhj]/ 

Afiaticiis 

Afins 

Afido 

Afifmual  PI. 

Afindum 

Afinerium  Promont. 

Asfieaton 

Ajmert 

Afna^  Afnan 

Afopui  PL 

Ajpachan  ' 

AjPadara 

Ajpafia 

Ajperia  Inf 

Afperofa 

Ajpropiti 

Afpropity  finus 

Affaioe 

Affes 

hffi  PI. 

Affumption  Inf 

Aflyria  34<^,  3?  ^^  583 

Ajtacilitif,  Afialicif 
Ajhmgoroi 
Ajii'njis  Comit.itus 
Afiercones 
Afhria  Inf.defc, 
After im  Roili       ^  ■ 

Ayi/;gi 


344,3«5 
34<r,  583 

344>  34^ 

343 
342 

210 

47<f 

210 

S06 

yt 

420 

yoi 

279 

399 
ibid. 

403 
37^ 

271 

28r 
ibid. 

J14 

402 

5'?i,^i4 

394 
210 

3'^J 

4?2 

90 
239 

208 

S7S 
.■        194 

2 1  o 
*  Aftolphus 


|in  I  ...  IWiPJI^Piff' 


^mm^mmfimfmm 


AS    AT   AV 

AfiolplmFU  i^^ 

Aftracan  73i  7^j  79»  3^^, 
408,409 
AJirapa  »io 

^ftratonFl.  ..'('.VV  4^3 
AfirypiUilnf.  -X  ixl  18,9 
Ayiwru  108 

Aflja^et     ,     ft..  Ji       40* 

A^>S»  •'  /I  •      *'° 

A/«rf»i  JO* 

Atabyria  Inf.  itji.         37 T 

Atek-Tau  4*0 

Axerieth  •'.         J/O 

Athamania  ■'•         »7* 

AthanaftK*  .  ,     494iJ*o 

Athdora  J* 

At/:'?/  408  ' 
Athemat  DouUt,  his  Office, 
.     .,    39<^ 

»A^V«        ,  f  '»77 

Athenians  ,4.    •a7f 

Athenree  •     •'         jo 

Athens  dtfc.  277,178 

At/;i«/  ^...1  ;   aZ7 

AtWowe  •''      JO  , 
A»*e/         •..<  T>£    :        40 

Athos  Mori.  .»74 

AtW  A.  ron.  won,        jbid. 

AtJf  34* 

AtlmickOctSin     18,  387 

4(fz 

»  ,  r  Greater\  4<f  f 

At/rfJ»»o«.-<^Lefler   J'yo4 
AtmtU  Fl.  "f>i33 

Atrecht  178 

Atrib,  Atribif  49 1 

.Arfo/  111 

AttabalippA  f43j  JJ8 

Atw/i«  3  JO 

A»<i/»«      .'r'V. '  •  '    347 
Attemur  113 

Ama  ayo,  277 

A«y/tf      27,  xoi,  io7»  ioo 
Attocfi..-'    ,.,.   ^;  4x7 

A«(»^  ;,       419 

Attollons  ,'.     '■      449 

Atuacutum  184 

Atibehi  517 

Af<?  i9^>43*v43y 

Avalhes  5  n 

Avdon  61$  1616 
Avares       '■         loi,  nj 


AV     AU     AV     AU       AU  AW    AX    AY    AZ 


n^ 

198 

■y^%S. 

li..  r 

501' 
99 

\ 

tv 

I9i) 

1    f 

V  >v 

179 
JU 

%•' 

■201 

l8o 

^-# 

200 

ivu--f'»H 


Avaruw 
Avrfr/Vww 

AV4^J 

Av4U  F/. 
A«iA 

Audomaropolii\ 
Avece  Gurele 
Avenio   -{"./• 
Ai'fwwtf  - 
Avergne  '    "' 
jivernus  Lake 
Averroes  . .  -.„,^-5.r»   '    387 
Avejnes  i8o 

Augsburgh  138,  13  (5 

^«^  23I4  240 

irfafg«y?4  i37,I39j»»3»»»3i 
2J7>  »82 
Auguftti  Pratoria  240 

Augufta  Rauriaca  232 

Augufta.  Rauriacon  ibid. 
Augufia  Romanduorum  181 
Augufta  Taiirinum  239 

Augufta  Tiberia  138 

Augufta  Treverorum  129 
Augufta  Vagiennorum    139, 

24Q 
Augufta  Feromdnduorumj  194 
Augufta  Vinddicorwn  1 3  8 
Augufta  Fefjorum  1 9  j 

Auguftte  Pucattcs  2  3  9,  2  40 
Auguftanka  430 

Augufta  Burgum  138 

i".  Auguftine  484,48  y 

S.  Auguftines  Port  538 

Auguftomana   ;/  i^tf  j 

Atiguftoritum  198 

Auguftow  -  87 

Auguftus  27J,  17^,  339>49» 
Avicen  209,411,387 

Avignon  201 

^f //it  2x4 

Aviles  209 

^v/a  182 

.<^x;v  222 

Aulide,  Aulii  279 

Auliton  n* 

AulochrenPons  jyo 

^«/o»  273 

Atimale  .    .        I9J 

Avogapa  .    .        jtfy 

y^vo/i  240 

Aurancbes  i^j 

Mm  mm 


Aurextum.  133 

Aurelia  J  37 

Aurelian  3^  k 
Aurelius  M.  Pillar        499 

Aureng-abii  3.i/i,-iz6 

Auricl  ijy 

AnrojohJ  Fl.      ■  70 

W«rHw  Tebjuninn  101 

-^«/</            ...,-  118 

Ausburgh  i3<f,i3* 

Aufciorum  Civil.  lyy 

AufiduiFl.       ,  ,       2f4 

Aujonia  22? 

Aujigariut  70 

i.  AujUnsCoaJt  j88 

^»(/i;n  fr/eri-       •  24^,  297 

f.  Auftins  Inf.  193 

Auftrafta         5:4,  i2<i,  ij8 

Auftria  19,  lotJ,  109,  117 

190,  134,  14; 

wweri  43 

AutricuiA  197 

Auvergne  X9i»i94 

Auvergne  MoH'     ,  193 

Auxerre  '   . .    198 

Awiduffe  Fl.  (          44 

Axiace  87 

^jci»i«  Fort  J  07 

-^x/V«e  fort   .  29f 

Axiopolis  122,26^8 

Axmia  393 

Axuma  jii,  ji^^ 

Axumitcs      yto>  Ji7»  'mS 

Ayafdw^  348 

Aydracal  Mon.  ^6f 

Ayen  J28 

-^;'»'4<:^  ^      394 

^^'totfly  3fo 
^t^c                 7^,  91,  38* 

^t't^/ir  yoi 

Axamer  47  y 

/f^/zw/^i               •  393,  39f 

A\erbeyan  J94 

^*^«i''  471 

Ayris  3^4 

>^^o  422 
A^orM  fw/.  i/e/-.  294^  yi9> 

;3o>  yj4 

-r'/XOW            ••       .   .'  91 

Aiuages  ■  ^ ,  4?*  . 


Bahsn 


■/:*- 


■pn^^i 


V 


BA 


R 

Bkvhara 
Bab-elnnn-d, 
Bibel  .SS6, 

Babel-mandel 

Sab)londeic.  3?^,  ^5^,  J^3. 

3 8 1, 3 93»  400*498  j 
Bitbylon  Walls 
Babylonia  34^?  3  ^^ 

Bacalaos  ^         ^^^ 

BzcckarMh  "         ij"^ 

Bacchus  410,414,41^54-0 
^(itcWx  Theatre         ^77 


45)0 

yio 

4U 
3^1 


Bacenif 

Bachian 

BaSira, 

Bi&ria 

Baciriana 

Bacunthut 

Bad-Bay 

Badtfchian 

Baden 


114 

410 
.4<i 

I  Off 
281 

4H 


Badgentth 

Baduula 

Badr 

Bab,     ton. 

Baera 

Btetis  Fl. 

Batulas  Fl. 

Bxf 

Ba'Jtn  IViUim. 

Biifjins  Bay 

.Haga 

i'a^adad 


i3i>iJ4»i37,  143 
i3o,  Z3I 


107, 


33: 


40 

4n 

?8z 

"3 

497 
109 

ii7 
sio 
^i8, til 
6'l8 
484 
3^<^»  3^3' 

ibid. 
484 

JIT 

i7f 

3^^y  3<^3. 
381,  393 
3^?*  3T<=. 
3<^3>38i>  393*398 
Baj^emder  j  i ; 

Burendra  j  1 8 
B-i^hdat,  fw'C  Bigdat. 

Bagniigar  ^i8 

Ba^ne  ds  Tritoii  Z54 

tiagrttda,  Bagradas  486 


Btfkw^  fTf*  <88 

,Bah>:rein  Inf.         1^4,  40^ 
BiZ^w  ie  roi/w  /ox  5'rfnWi', 

jf4>  yjy 

Bahurs  66 

Bat  a  de  Todoi  los  Santos  194 
Baia  154 

BajA\et        1^8,  i8o,  i8i, 

aSj,  347,  350 
fio 

I9f 

199*  -'^9 


Bagidat 
BayaiA 

Bagcmidfi 

Bagamim 

Bagdad 


s^y, 


iB.?gJiK  rfi'/j.  3Z7. 


343  \BaiAeur?on 

"  "  "     B.iiocajpum  C'vit. 

Bajonay  Bajoni^ 

Baxios  d'  huiia 

Baxhs  d'  Pracel 

Baf^ar 

Baliejfay  Stray 

Bakiich 

Baliuy 

Bala 

Balabutra 

BaUcleigh 

Balagutr 

Bailor 

Balaton  Lake 

Balbaftro 

Balch 

Baldae 

Bdda 

Batdhia 

B  :J;<i  Hill 

tiakar.s  Inf. 

Bap 

Balimore 

Ball  Cape. 

Ballaguate  Man. 

Ballccli 

BaUegifiuKi 

Batti 

Balimore 

Ballijhanmrt 

Balfz 

Balfara 

Balfera 

Ealfora 
Balfwaert 


1}9 
ibid. 

417 

89,91 

417 

34 

4? 
■     zi8 

107 
il3 


344,  408,  411 

40:,  411 

483 

U7 
147 

2i3 

no 

4<f 
4^9 
4S5 

49 

2l8 

y* 
48 

224. 

389 

40Z 
381 
17* 


196, 


*94, 

3^7, 


^         BA 

B.amf 

Band    '    " 
Barnard^t 
Bancocli 
Bancorn  Abbey 
Banda  Inf.  defc. 

Bander  Congo 

Bandera  Fort 

Bando 

^andon  Bridge 

Bat^or 

Banjiilncb 

Banjalucum 

Bannarof 

Bamiareui 

Banne  Fl. 

Bapraer 

Btnnyan  Tree 

Bannyans 

Banonium 


40 

49X 

4yi,4i9 

43* 

34 

»9^,  343> 

4^9,  4^0 

402,  40($ 

294 
4I7V  4*0 

34>  48 

2^2 

ibid. 

419.  4?! 
4ZI 

44-»  '49 
134 
40  J 

420,  421 

34 


ISarchan 
Barchin 


Bantam  defc.  295-,  2^5,  33<r, 

Bantry  Bay 
Bao 

Bapatma.,  Bapaulme 

Bapho  defc. 

Bar  ofth'  Arches 

Barf  Q/Ejtuarium 

Barabars 

Baraehe 

Baragrag 

Baramatif 

Barampor  Port 

Baranguar 

Baraques 

Barbada 

Barbadoes  Inf  defc.  19  s  1571^, 

«    ,    .  •J7t,f73 

Barbadoes-  Merchants      6io 

"o 


44»5i 

43? 
178 

377 

187 

39 

418 

471 
420 

294 
JOI 

4<^9 

n4 


Bait :di  Sea  ^4,  ff,  f7,  y9, 
^o,  11^,  66 
Ba/'imrf  Count.  jpy 

Baltimore  Lord  594 

Baltimore  F  I.  yi 

Balucli  Dtnguif  89 

Bamberg  122,132 


Barbancon 

Barbara 

Barbaroffa 

Barbary  defc.  4 "18,  469 

Barberon 

Barbie^os  Fl. 

Barboliia 

Barbara. 

Barboudx 

Barca 
I  Barcelona  defc. 
I  Bar^elor 


V 

j8z 
484 
fi7 

ZOi 

fit 

29f 

487,    4^8 
107,217 

29y 

Barchan 


40 

St,  4^9 
45* 

i^j  45o 

2i»4 
?V  420 

34»  48 

ibid, 
9»  4fl 

4ii 

44>  45> 

154 

4oy 

►  01421 

34 

45  r 
44jfr 

455* 
178 

377 

287 

39 

418 
471 

420 

lOX 

4tfi? 

574 
'J7X, 

'>f75 
^10 
x'?o 
;82 
484 


tiuhxii  10^,  113 
Barchinoy  Barcino,  Bareino»y 
207,  217 

Bardaques  502 

Bardes  '••'       294 

Bardiwicfi  1J2 

Bardulia            ■  '       214 

BarentoU  411,412 

Barents  6z$ 

Bargeny  40 

Eariga^a  418,424 

Barlow  Arthur  591 

Sf.  Barnab}  377 

Barnacles           -  41 

Barnjtable  ^08 

Baroioe  2^4,  ipj,  2y<»,  418 

Barouna  i  $6 

Barraab  3  84} 

Barraboa  5"  2  8 

Barthadefc.  388 

Brfrri  254 

Barroducan  Frov.  ii6 

Barrow  FL  44,  47 

Barfienjis  de  Bars  loi 

Barfiinovf  "    88 

Bartamont  Gate  i8o- 

Barthfeild  1 1 3 

,Vf.  Bartholomew  J6j 

St.   Banholome-vs  Inf.  defc. 

»93»  H^j  y83 
Barutil  35:3 

Barwicfi  41 

Bariodienfts  de  Bari$i  loi 

Bi/ir  2ft^ 

B-J/J.*                    381,  387 

Bi(/&4«  361 
fli//,  Bi;j7/(?iZ  121, 1 3 1,22  i>, 

230,  231,  233 

B4//M  .*^* 
Bafilienfe  Concilium      ibid. 

Bafilieripum  Civit  sbi^i 

Bafilopotamo  283 

*t.  Btf/^/j  p-der  274 

BafiliKs  fohn  7  J 

Bi/Zc  231 

Bajs  Inf.        •  '         41 

E<?/rJ  49  i 

B<ij/i  S'err4i7  91 

BafftTerre  -  573 
B#r«                  3r7,  38X 

Bajierna  73 

B^etnians  07 


Brf/?/4  2jlt 

B«^/(»:  0/  fwnce    4^9,  484 

Baftonae  1 8x 

Bdtava  140 
Batavia        196,  4^5*,  4^0 

BatavianTnf  122 

Bat  Avians  140 

Batavodunurn  '  ■•     168 

Batchelor  Ship  f47 

Bd!<A  134 

BtftA  B*>  J 73 

B<2tib4  482 

Bathienjts  de  Bath  loi 

Bathmonfter  '  otf 

B4»ftor  F.  V     ;s  ^ 

Bathors    10  84 

B<ft)!>>  408 

Baticala  427 

Baticalo  196 

Battenborg  170 

Batter  394 

BtffM  408 

Batuwe  169 

Bavaria,         19,  134,  139 

6<tv4r/<tn  Laws  141 

Baviera,  Ba-jiere  139 

B<ftyo'x  Church  175 

B>i:x0y  t/e  Barbaria  487 

B^y  Blanche  293 

Btfy  e/  Bm/Zj  «t^ 

Btf/  Flat  fame  293 

B^y  ie  /oj  Trabaios  f  47 

B<yera  13.? 

B«>ettx  1 95 

B4?4J  199 

Badiljfcm  135 

Beach-Hei^i  ^48 

Eeanchi  25:2 

B^<«r  /yZtf«i  ^21,  tfij 

Bei^rw  194,  *i9 

Bearsford  619 

Beauce  194,  197 

Beaufort  198 

Beaumarijh  3  3 

BecaniM  Goropiiu  1 8^ 

Bff^m  Fort  29> 

)iechriA  ^jj 

BecliBl.  70,71 

BfiA  473 

Beduins  3P7 

Ucemjier  i66 

Beiargar   .  4H  j 

M   >  m  m  2 


BE 

B«?5e  48(f 

Beglerbegs  ■  3n»3'^7 

Beglerbeis  with  5'4/<«7  3<}x 
Beglerbeg-  r  jfia.     \     " 
y?<«  J  in    \  Ewrc^e  / 
Behaimer  waldt 
Behat  Ft, 


Behel-mendel 

Behemoth 

Beia 

Beija 

Bejoariarif 

Bejohemum 

Be/fher 

Belanjar 

Belbais 

Beled  Elgered 

Belem 

Beletied 

Belfall 

Belgia 

Belgia  Novn 

Belgiia  prima 

Belgium 

Belgrade  defc. 

Beliny)na. 

Belts 

Bell-IJle 

Bell-Point 

Bellac 

Beliegardia 

Betlefort 

BtUeropbon 

BeUo-Pola  Inf. 

Bettomorifcta 

BeKffvefus 

BeUum  Sociale 

Belluti 

Belon 

Belt 

Belth 

Beltfound 

Belturbet 

Belveiera, 

Belvedere 

Re/jsi 

Bf/? 

Ben  Boiican 

Ben  Mumh 

V>e,uier  Aba[fi 

Bender  majpn 

Bend 


380 
58X 

144 

417 
•  yi<5 

224,  485 
48  y 
xif 

Xf4 
420 
40S 

C04 

224 

6  18 
48 

■  196 
6lXy  6ll 

157 

106',  2^7.272 

230 

47J 
20Z 

200 
2X9 

m 

3fo 

190  . 
249 

i47 

f> 

59 

19 

49 

282 

248 
7,  490 
87 
472  . 

»J3 

4cy 

484 
Btnefuiif 


mmmm 


BE 


BE    BI 


B  I    P  L    BO 


Ber.efuaiJ                 .  •    joo 
Benejvef              ,  .""    '  497 

5ffrtA(j//w/<« 

6t 

Binbola  Patan 

.  ■  t9^ 

Boden\ee  fl 

Eefancon 

124,  I2f 

Binini                 3 

.,  .  .'ni  . 

Bo.ieniee  L 

Bengala  194,  i9f,4f7,  4^1 

Befenege       \    '    .• 

,          51^ 

Biologrod 

9^ 

Boifeviit 

'EengaU  Gal^h              4*1 

BeionsFl. 

217 

Btmiburgh     ■ 

70 

Bvdir.comxi 

Ben^^Z                 -            343 

Beffarabin 

96',  381 

Bipilipatan 

196 

Bodincomai 

Bengalcall               •     ,  388 

BejfiiFL 

2<f2 

.Biponts 

M    130 

Bodonix  ■ 

Effl^f£)rei-           ••.           387 

Beffus 

401,  4M  " 

Sir,  Birrgeon 

V.   3JJ 

Bodroih,  I 

tenhiiuri              ■       .114 

Bejfereie  ' 

9% 

Bifanthe, 

-      .»73^ 

Boemiii 

lieni-Abucaed             •  .48  a 

Bejiira  Fl. 

86 

Bifcain  Sea 

i?3 

Bteotix 

Tienjamin  Tribe                3<?o 

Eeutv 

16^) 

Bifcainers 

2oa 

Bogfl-    . 
Bogrogenji. 

BoheifHt  ^ 

Ben/jrjx,  Beninrefid        4^- 

Betel  <^^^^ 

4n 

Bijcany 

20, 582 

Benigjiaieval                   473 

^'"^  CTree 

4J2 

Bifcay 

208,  2  f7 

Ee»y«                      5 of,  507 

Bethfames         ''  •• 

J02 

■  Bifay  Bay 

20 

Biihemia  d 

"Benjsrtit                 48 f,  48 <j 

Bethme 

179 

'  Biferia 

48  y 

BemhcJm                        i3<?. 

Betlis  defc. 

3^J 

Biferta  Vecchia 

484 

Bohemica 

Ben^dfr^e/              -         473 

Betjh     ■ 

4J6 

BifmilUth 

477 

Bohol 

Bfr.i>r/;f     ^                      fSi 

Beverley 

^08 

Bifnegar              ^ 

196, 419 

Boians 

Eerar                       417,420 

Bevertvicfi 

166 

Biflhumb 

132 

Boiaria 

Bfn/»'                             141 

Bey 

■      165 

Biiirichia 

98,  no 

BoieariAm 

Berdi                             127 

Beybapti 

88 

Bifiricoenjis  de  Btji 

riei    loi 

Boiennm 

RerrfO(t                             yof 

Bcyra  defc. 

223 

BifuU  ft. 

,82 

Boil 

Berea«x                           z^j 

Be^ecath 

4^2 

Bifurgif  fl,.            V 

123 

Bcivif^. 

Bf  rew^or^             ,            147 

Be\eflecns     - 

2<f7 

Bithjnia 

'       3-}6 

Boiodurun 

Bf rejina  Fl.                ,8* 

Beyima 
Bialogroa 

473 

Bitlisdefc. 

404 

Bfr   '.^  'i 

Verga  fanlfi  mnnoci      1 7  7 

2<?8  ^ 

Bituricum 

•     1^8 

Bci.. 

Bianco  Prom, 

377 

Biyima. 

Sio 

Be/if  de  Vi 

Birgxma.                       347 

Biberach          1 

119 

Bi\amo 

jii 

Boi{!'tduc. 

Berga  ad  Zonant              r8^ 

Biblm 

■      S53 

Blacli-Point 

62^ 

Volbitian 

Bergamenfe                     i^6 

Bichieri 

■iOO 

Black-Sea    82, 8<; 

-,  9^,v34J'' 

Bolbitina 

liirgamo                            i47 

Bicutgium 

128 

347, 

166,  367 

Bolduc 

Ber^^e«                   I79)  ^^04 

Bider 

424 

BUckrlVater 

44^  Ji 

y,cLdentii 

Ber^/'en  o;>  /oo?n              1 8  j 

Biel 

"50;  233 

Blaclienburg 

1:6 

Bologna  i 

'Rergufu           ,               ii8 

Biela  ofera 

79 

Blake  Gen. 

4^6 

Bobina  1 

Bm-ir^  .                         389 

Bielejeiero 

:.    78 

Blakenburg  Fort 

296 

P  0/^.1  w 

"Berihere                           466 

Bieler  Lake 

230 

Blancho  Bay 

293 

Bo^nbay . 

Beriberfs        46 1),  481,  yo8, 

Bielki 

78 

Blancmont 

126- 

Bombay. 

Bfrigonum                         40 

"Bienna,  Bienne 

230 

Blaniifl. 

43»  yi 

Bomi 

Her  mice              .^  488,  foi 

Biefciady,  Biefcid 

123 

BUny  Lord 

48 

Vionmel 

Btrite^  Beritiis                 35' 3 

Bietala 

412 

Blaveji. 

138 

Buna 

!'tr/e«(i                             2J4 

Bietsh^o 

87 

BUvet 

1,97 

BonA  f^i 

Berlin,  Berlimm             148 

Bigla  Cajiro 

278 

Bleking           fj,( 

U,6lj6ti 

Bonhera 

Btrmudai  Inj.                  Zi^y 

Bihorienjh  de  Debrte\in   lor 

Bleyburg 

144 

Bonifac, 

Bern                         199,  ziy 

Bik^nar 

420 

BlOH 

197 

Boniuni 

£!tr'7<z              ,         232,233 

Bilbk,  Bilbilis 

213 

Boamarage 

y38 

Bonne 

St.  Bernard         '           198 

Bilboa  defc. 

208,  307 

Bocanum  Hemerum 

47y     - 

S'.  Bor 

St.  Bernard  Mon.             257 

BiUediilgerid  def: 

4^7,  f  03, 

Boccadii  ^ovanni. 

!•; 

Bonnenj 

Bern/cho                   488,  foi 

504,  505 

,  yoi,  J©? 

Bochant^ 

no 

honuni. 

Bsrochab                         35"^ 

Bilierict 

^08 

Bochar 

■.    '*-^, 

Bononit 

-'^f roe,  iJerir*!,  5ero«         3  5  2 

Biking 

172 

Bocher 

500 

Bonrott 

/>prr*4,  Berrha               2  7f 

Bima  fnf 

2  9ir 

Bockbolm 

6S 

BonfwU 

Btrrulnrn                       2  5'4v 

BincA  ft. 

loy 

Bocon  Inf. 

196 

Borvif- 

£frr/                                 1,^4 

Bimhy  Binchium 

l8o 

Bodego 

Bo/ni 

/ 


»'  -N 


BO 


ff.<f 


Boden\eefl. 
Bodeniee  Lake 
BodevLt 

.  233 
19 

Bvdincomagum 
Bodmomngui 
Bodotxix  ■ 

241 

ibid, 

Si' 

Bodroih,  Bodrogtic  .X04,  107 
Boemiii  if4 

Bceoti.1  277,  178 

Bogrogenfis  de  "Rrogrogh  101 
'Boheintt  Boheme  154 

2<.'hemia  defc.     12,20,118, 

Bobeniica  filvi  1*4 

RoW                     .  ^   458 

Eo/dwf                 .,'  139 

Boiaria  ibid. 

Ro/e^fwnx  141 

Boiemum                .  i_54 

Bo//              .  ibid. 

Bw»«^             ».  1 02 

Boiodurura  140 

hv     .;  •*<■  1T4 

Bc/V.  •      IS9 

Boif  de  I'incennes  "  x  9<^ 

BoijJ'educ.  iii,i96 

Volbitian  Oftiiirie  464 

Bolhitinx  >     yoo 

Bfldentiun:  ,.,        143 

Bo/o^Wii  ^t/-.  104 

P  0/^.1  w  149 

Bombay  Ini.  212,295 

Ro?//i4j' Port  418 

Bowi  154 

Bommel  12  J,  170 

B«w<t  46  T,  484 

Bona  yifta     "  .JSf 

Bonhera  ^         ^88 

Bonijaci  .  .        158 

Bcn/ttw  3  4 

Bon«e  128 

St.  Bonnifau  134 

Bonnenfium  Ci \nt  .  r54 

liononiu  dtjc,.  ,         -24'; 

Bcnonienjii  ylgit  .       '.    lit? 

Bfl>iro:^  ,y  '  '            49 

Bonfiojen'   "  44"^ 

Bonifer  432 


Boor         •    • 

Boratai 

Borbewnagiis 

Botchftenfort 

Bordehng 

Hore^uen 

Borgiii 

Borgo 


i7f 
150 

196 
5-70 
213 

70 


Borgo    de  CnjUVo    ft  i^fare 

BoriquenTnf.  293 

Borifthenesfi.  82,  84,  87 
89,408 

Bormiofl.  2  3  4,  "2  41 

^ormhomagus  130 

Borneo  Inf'    a9^>  343»  344> 
454,45'<J 

Bornholm  Inf.  5  9,  61 

Borwo  50)',  50(> 

Boron  ;    j^o 

Bcrremean Inf.  ^  >.     244 

Bortiva.  213 

Borujfia.  •       84 

Bo/««  »          381 

Bc/nd  j^.  .    ,    ;(J2 

Bffnajerai  "      ibid. 

Bo/>?4  jerjium  ibid. 

Bofnath  106 

Bofnia  dilc .  1 8,  20, 152 

Bojphorui  ^7-)  271 

Bo/ni  .        ;8i 

Bo//i«     .  2^2 

B0/^6H  ,      i<fo8 

Boftra  '     388 

Bbfwetha  1 06 

Bet  ago  ■  274 

Boi/»«z.i  <?8,^9 

Bot/jnwr  Giilph  ^9,  71 

Bor/;n'e/  40 

Bot^  Fredsrowit^  74 

Borrow  tort.  295 

Botfcai  99j   107 

liowrton  3  y 

Bouhera  ,497 

Bovillion  \  8 1 

I  Bovhim   ,  3  y 

I  Bo/i/Jc  49? 

■iBoMrioB.  200 

.'.  Bourbon  Houffl  192 

Botirbui  Inf.  293 

Bo.7>tor»o>V  194 

Bo«'"./t?(i«'"«  J  99 


•      'BO  BR 

Bowrg  ■ '       •  .  t^^ 

LeBiirgi  St.  Morice       238 

Bowrges  198 

Bourgogne  > ,,   •    1J4 

Bo«rw»g:  ^,    .\^;.,jwi 

Bottt4«"  434i 
Bouton  J^ing  d.  dafc.  421,422 

B(j;/tf  fo 

Boywe^.  40,  44,  4*5,  47 

Bojnoderi  8  7 

Bo^o/o  24T, 

Brabant  defc.  i  ?8,i  82,1^7 

Brabantines  182 

B><:(r4ft^<t  .223 

Br4wr^  il)id. 

Brachland  -       182 

Bradford  6o)i 

Braca  -2,21 

Bracmn  ibid. 

EVj;g«  12  J, 

Bragadine  376 

Br4^<i«!fit  223 

Braghium  n  t 

Brailano  9,6 

Braintree  (oS 

Brake  ^        136 

Bramas  523 

Brampore  418,  420,  429 
Brandenburg!}  defc.     x  j,i  48, 

149 

Brandy-Wine  "               $99 

Branlihorjl  i^g 

BrafU    294,  y4f,  jyji  n4 

Brajfarv  9R 

Brajfow  ibid. 

Br/iu^j  f2  8,  yjf 

Br^wron  ^              278 

Bravfim  214 

Bravpnjvpyck  i  y  * 

Br^^/Ve  221 

Breterx  47^ 

Brebice  ^60 

Brechin  40 

Breclinock  3  3 '3  4^3  J 

Brd4  i8f 

Brerf.1  Treaty  5'73 

Bredenbtirg  5  ^• 

Preec/j;  .           ig^ 

Brecvort  170 

Bregatium  1 1 1 

Bre^eot  167 

Brei'  122 


"fr 


Srem  43  i 
Bremen  defc.  ii8,  iij,  i  ji, 

Bremer sf or ii  ,  >'  ibid. 

Bremerverden  o   ibid. 

Brff»7^4«en  i Jo,  233 

Brenner  Pyramo  1^3 

Brennoburgum  1 48 

Brennm  ipo,  lyo 

Brejcu  147 

Brejlavf  8(^,  Mjiy? 

Er»^f/  87 
Brf/f      ii?4,  ij^^,  19^,  (;i4 

Bre/I  County  239 

Brifwerj  Pxjl'dge  >■  +9 

Brexf;/r  48* 

Br/Wi?  f«/.  88 

'Bti.incon  200,  t>l 

Yhhhinia  34 

Br/^^e  lov^n  rfe/i;  57a 

:A.  Bri^^^ef  48 

Br/e^     .  ■  i57 

Br." /^  1^4,  rif7 

St.  Brieux  197 

'Brfgnntes  43 

firigavtinus  Liicus  138 

Brigamio  100,101 

Brigantinvi  109 

Br/a  i<r4,  la 7 

Br/n  15:6 

Brindifi     ■  •  154 

BrinwHw  ij6 

Briocum  197 
Brifac            118,  131,  155 

Brifch  481 

Bri^t^w  1 5 1 

Br;/«a  ^.  81 

Brijiol  3T,  47,  ^7* 

Bm.j/'rte  18,  ir, 

Brit, tin f  37,  40 

Br/r4«y  20,  ii,  196 

Bm//?>   Ifles  19 

E»/x/.f  14^,  147 

Brixi,inum  iiC 

Brixellum  144 

Br/xf«  14^ 

Brocf^nsbirg  1 1 3 

Bredra  z^y 


BR    BU 

Byflowj-iroo  T.-'eaty        -  ^^ 
Broudra  418 

Browerjl}aven  .  i  ^7 

BrH^fi-  '178 

Erw^w  Women  "  ibid. 

Rr««o  1^6 

Brunopolit  zji 

Bruttj  buttle     -  J  7 

Br««j-t7|;<i  xji 

Brunfwicli  defc.     i3J,  xyi> 

ifi 
Bruffeh  defcy  182,183 

Brtt^e/j  Channel  ibid. 

Brurm  27 y,  349 

[iruxelU  i8z,  183 

Bua  Jnf.  i6$ 

Bubajiif  491 

Bucareffit  97 

Bucephda.  274 

?,ucephalus  419 

Buchar  417 

Buchavf  137,  139 

Bttchen  134 

Buck  i  are  A  -                 jor 

B«c/>or«  139 

Buchoviii  13,;. 

Bttc/!^4r  4'io 
Bmhjngham  County      ^00 

BMi<z  ./f/t.  io<f,  107,  1 08, 
2^7,  381 

Bukiowice  Iff 

Budercifs  ibid. 

Budina.  atfS 

Budini  X07 

Bttior^if  n'  7 

R«ior/^«?«  ibid. 

Bwi-tMc/^  9<f 

Bitenof  Airci  defc.  jji 

B«ibrfe/t.  377 

l?tf<4  JO  I 

B«ji/4  Prov.  483 

Bi<,?«  J  -      y  u 

F.«/7r  •          54 

liu!r,tr  4,0 

\iul^irii  defc,  i8,  20,  2<?8, 

283 

Bnl^driatis  igi 

BulLi  AureA  1 1  g 

Bnliimm  i  g  ; 


BU    BY    BZ    CA 

BuUoigne 

BuUum 

Bulua 

Bungo 

Bunobora 

Buquhan 

Burbon 

Burdegala 


i?4 
2^3,  a^y 

447 

"  -    481 

1  40 

538 

199 


Burdegalenfum  Chit,   ibid 

Bwdelong 

Buren 

Burgatp 

Burgi 

BurgofanfepiUcho 
Burgos 

Burgundians 


1 37, 


433 
170 

2x4 

2fi 
214 

Burgwdmes  191,  201,  ny 

Bur^Wy       1^4,  j^g 

Bwrrwrx  i-reM^a 

B«r/tf 

Burtina 

Burafs 

Bufcum  Duel's 

Btifirit 

Bufferetb 

ButchinCdM", 

Buthrotus 


Butrinto 

ButUA 

Buxentum 
B»'t^ar 
Byx<intium 
Bio 


76s, 


199 

f^i 

347 
^'3 

347 
1^6 

4?  I 

388. 
i6i 

^77 
27<? 

»y4 

4oy 
27X 
47  y 


r^8 

f28 

4rr 
»37 

473 


CAballinum 
Caber 
CabeU  i'aradigye 
GabiUicus  Trt^ut 
Cabo  de  Cafafa 

Cabo  Martin  213 

Cabot  ^ohn     ^43,  587,501 

CabotSebaftianfi/^^6\  y,  6iS 
Cabut  394,  417,  41^ 

CabuUinum  108 

Cab}  la  *  2y4 

Cachmir  421 

Caciquej 


CA 

Cdciqties 
Caco  de  Teleitx 
Cicox 
Cacongo 
Cacumbout 
Cijcus  fi. 
Cadaquts 
Cadice 

Cadie  Region 
Cadie  his  Office 


483 

--    JS7 

:-V3'38 
■  347 
ai8 
211 
^14 
384 


Cadii^defc.  211,307,3x3 

Cadomus  i95 

Cadorcorum  eivi  t.  j  j  ? 

II     Caen  19s 

Caergubi  34 

Catrlazerock,  39 

Caerlijle  37 

Caermarden  35 

Caernarvon  \    33>34 

Cttfar   1  iiy,  48^,191 

^ulim  J  275,  300,  301 

Citfar  Borgia  214 

Cafarea  Netv  ii''^*^ 

C<c/<«r/*  "''^J4^ 
Cajaris  Burgim       .- .    191 

Cafaridunum  ^157 

Cri:,)/)*  50,  91,  382 

Cafen  485 

C^i^crx  4<?7 
Caffreriadefc.  294,^24,  yzy 

C#''fJ-  J2J>  Ji<5 

CagaioH  4J7 

Cagliiri  .                258 

C&jania.  69 

Cajenburg  ibid 

Caiervis  ,    •   34 

C?;^'<«  .        '"  r*H 

C*/«»g  '440 

Caire  Indian  418 

Ci/>o  GciJWti  344,  381,  ^tf'4 
490,  491,  494,  497,  498 

Ctiroan  48J,  48<r,  488 

Cil;et  defc,  3<^9>37i 

C.iladejc.  371 

Ct/<z^  483 

Culaba^a's  453 

Ca'ibrea  Inf.  2S8 

Caligorina.  215 

Cilnguris  ibiil 

Cala^inrris  ibid 


CA 

CalahoTi^, 

Calais 

Calamata     . 

CaUmba  Wood 

CaUmianes 

CaUmo  Inf.  defc. 

Calanus 

Calaris 

Calat  Haoara 

Catatajut 

Cdatis 

CalatravA 

Calchifian 

Calden 

Cale 

Calecut 

CaUnburg 

Cales 


'  Caljcaris 


2iy 

194 
283 

.4*1 
457 
37r 

.  4.0 1 
258 
4^)2 

113 
9^,  2^8 

394 
34<^>  394 

2Z2 

344.  4^7 
IJi 
211 
109 
427 

Calicut  344,  427 

Calidonian  Wood  40 

Calidonii  3  ^>  43 

California  445,  J  8^ 

/'-f  f  '  /Bridge\  254 
^''^'i'«/''^\siipperj^  300 
Caliphs  of  Babjion   3  5 0,3  57 

Calixene  492,  foo 

0//<io  5  59 

CalUdf  95,  2^8 

CaUatia  ibid. 

C<i//4r^        "  ibid. 

Calliacrj,  ibid. 

Calligeris  417 

Calligicum  428 

Callimachus  289,488 

Calliopis  272 

C<ti»z^r  68 

Calmuc^i  Ttirtjrs  371 

Caloirej'  274^  »78 

Calojus  Inf.  201 

Calotra'  106 

Calvert  Cacil  y  i.14 

Calvert  Sir  Gfor^e.  6 1 5 

Crf/verj:  County  595 

Caherton  ibid. 

C4/«i  258 

Calvin  J  30 

Cdlvini(is  117 

Cahirmina.  4.18 

I  Crf/«A.i  ibid, 


28» 


CA 

Calydna  Inf  defc. 
Calydon  Foreft 

Camaricft 

Cambahefi. 

Cambalu 

Cambambe 
Cambata 

Cambaya  defc.  2  9  4, 2  96, 3  3 2, 
333»  334.339,  418 


SI 

413.438 
510,511 


CambiUo 

Cambodia, 

Camboia 

Cambray 

Cambray  League 

Cambrtfis 

Cambridge 

Cambyafl. 

Cambyfes 

Camenofoii 

Caneracum 

Comerones  fl. 

Came  fen  a 

Citmllvi  Fine 

Camin 

Cammane 

Cammani  Mon. 

Camolets 

Campa 

Campania 

Campania  Rcmanx 

Campeach 

Campen 

Camper 

Campi 


523 

43f 

i9.f,433 
l6ij  188 

i58 

.31,^08 

i9f 

393,488,49* 

79 

18S 

?6r 

»<$» 

A49 

471 
*7» 
ily 

250 

582 

122,  170 

45f 

1 70 
Campi  Cdtdaunici  zoo 
Campredon  %\% 

Ca?npus  Martiia  1 48 

Camul  344^  4X1 

Cana  501 

e<i»4rf«  ^e/c.  358,  359,  ?<fo, 

■361 
Canabxi  Inf.  570 

Canada  293, 588,  ffo;^<^i4, 

(ill 
Canada  fl.  598,  tfn,  (jiji 
Cananor  295,  19^,  427 
C<i«<irit  417 

Canaria  Inf.  Canaries    294. 

529, 531.  nil  533.  nT 

Canav^njii  Tragus  139 


/ 


■  ■'  '  H'J 


WPiii 


ww^'-iT^iV):*' 


Canchtf  V'..    -459 

Candabar  iwsu.  .  417 
Candice  '     ■ .    510 

Candahcy  524,  40*' 

Canderan  PLihvs  Battle  gf^^ 
C^ndij  inf.  i9,i^o,i^r,  451 
t^^andiaCit.  JJ^i 

Clavdidx  I'aj.i  .  ^''-■j!;  40 
Candis  417 j  410 

Candon  Wood  4-^9 

Cldndnanx  417 

C(««,/)'  45  f 

C<tww  290,  v^i 

Canina  _    a7o»  a7<f 

C<iw//<z  and  its  Siege  10 j 
Canifcha  m 

CiinijU  III 

Qannit  '"        254 

Cannenfe  pratiim  s      ibid 

O?K0  507 

Cam  Men.  119 

Ca-nobin          -~  341 

C4wo£'«j'  TOO 

C^«o»  Idol      '■ '  ■      >44^ 

Canopian  Oji'uue  464 

Campia  J  00 

Canovii  cjiiuH  3  4 

Cant^ibria  208 

Cantt'rbiiry  3 1 

Canthapii  de[<:.  417 

Canton      •  544, 441 

/-Catholick^  ' 

C4»r9»x^Mixt  f^so 
■   •             CProteftant^ 

Cavtcrimcivit.  238 

Canto^i  jo(? 

C<inx«  A/(/«.  21^ 

Cavntur  6i 


C  A 


CiipxliU 
Cape 

St.  Aw.iV.f/ 
Q.  Aw;if 
St.  Amhonj 
?!,  J  A«f /rro 

' '      A;/,--:  ;'f^/«f 
i«?  Ht..'<r 


of  C^ri' 
Cant  in 
Cb^rks'  ■ 
Cold 
1  Cclonni 
Com  fort 
Corientes 


■j 


I!/j/7tO 


487 
J8i 
487 

474 
280 

f'it2 
)  02 

■^  »8o 

?43 
500 


f 


^ 

"O 


48rf 

•193 
y82 

377 

'474 

5  9J- 

278 
294 


Conmrin  413,427,428 
Corfo       2>jy,  2^!^,  507 


Creiis 

de  Creitx 

Deile  Gatte 

Defire 

Dejoiuticrt 

Farewell 

Figtda 

Florida 

FormoJA 

Qallo 

Gibnlter 


■    203 

218,  219 

377 

^49 

61%,  619 

■    27<^ 

J43 

ro7 
.    283 
209 


<ofs  5'49,  y85 
^61 


of  Good  Hope  194,  2  j)  5:, 
4<r2,  4<^7,  yzy,  J43 
Gmrdefuy 
Henry 
Pr.  f/e«ry 

^ufjues 
St,  /  //I'.ij- 
St.  (^p  M,tru 
St.  A/i;>-/o 
Mjtrapin 
Monday 
Hon 
North 
Ocem 
Palmas 
Pe:!as 

de  los  Peruti 
St.  Pifino 
di  P.itr.ir 
t'-ii-e  Pim^M 
.U  Quires  ■ 
Rom. I  in 
^chilli 
Sn-r.!  Leone 
Snm.t) 
i'Drmie 
Tf-sf^/ger 
\.*^t.  I'incenti 


4iJ2,  f  3^ 

.  ':    ir- 

ibid. 

294 
y86 
224 

-      ^8 

17 

5'49 

474.  J'04 

17. 

47? 

J67 

203 

209 

377 
281 
yo7 
£18 

282 
soy 
fi'. 
282 

2U 

»i4>fJ4 


^    \rir^in 

'\J)f  li'hirhviyhis 
C  -perrvaca  ji.    ' 
Ctifex 

Capes  Giilpir 
Capei/ne  Race 
Capha 

Capbcrus  Prom 
Capkfi 


CA 

^^h  ^i-h  i9r, 

4(^2,    J-OiJ,  j-jj- 

J  4:-' 

48T 

487 

287 

JO]. 


CapitanieofRto^-anviro.^^< 

Capnameof  st.l'incent  MA 
Capitol 

Cappadoc/.t 

Caprara  Ir,j. 

Caprancaa 

Caprar^a 

Capria  W 

Caps  ;■■     - 

Capud 

Capuchins 

Caput  hlLum 

Cara  Cher/is 

Caracal/a  Emp. 

Caracioles 

Caradenguis 

Caradene 

Caragars  Tartars 

Carahemit 

Caraldorod 

Carallis 

Caramania 

Carofnbice  Inf. 

Caramit 

Car  ami  t^       ,^j. 

Caramon  shaflmn 

Caranga  Fort 

Carjju 

Carajii  fl, 

Cdratue^ 

Ca^avaca 

Caravanfera     '■  ■ 
Carble  i^^^^^ 

Carbon  ji    "^  "    , 

Carcaffi^ 

Carda!}jiiffi 

'  Cardia 

Cardigan 

Cardiopolif 

Cardovan 


248 

346 
ii7,  241,  yjj 

2  61. 

=  *7,  241,^31 

:   :      487 

.     .•      (2T4 
197 

yoy 
368 

3U 

368 

3fr 

410 

3fr 

70 
2y8 

347 

3H 

43^ 

90 

3J0 
5'8^,r'^2 

212 
*  2^7 

yo 

28(f 

4if 

^73 

33»3r 

273 

201 

Cirelic 


'  3<4 


■ 


€A 


.t'A 


CkrelU  ■_     . 
Cdrels  Haven 

Cartlflat 
Cdrtmu  - 1 

Qarterma, 

Qarialnf.^  * 

Caribbe  Inf. 

Carifk 

(-  aricli  fergus 

Caricfi  Mac  Griffn 

Caridia 

Caries  fl. 

Cttrins 

Carintbia     loy, 


3f4i 


Cdrffto^  Carijius 

Cmtm  fl. 

Carlingford 

Carlijle  bay 

Carlotte 

C'arlovafy 

CarmagmU 

Carmanix 

CarmanioU 

Ga''marthen 

Carmelites     w ,  . 

Carmeriacum 

Carnates,  Carnaticx 

Carni 


70 
6i 

Uid. 

37f,34^>3J<f 

iv-"7  ■  f7o 

48 
ji 

'»73 

z^3 
"3> 

287 

166 

46 

Mi 
378 

37r 
240 

.39? 
'240 

33 
3?7, 

/.f44 


Carrick  Prumrujb 
Carry-^ard  tsjiights 
Carsy  Cdrfe 
Carter  A 

Cartagar  datKM  • 
Cartagena        ..  v' 
CarteJa     '      ' '      ' 
Cartennee  474^482 

Carierdt  Sit  George  6.0^  ix 
Cartha  '  ■ " ''  \.'zii 

Carthage        48  j,  4§ 8)584 


3Jf4 

yo, 

71 
31^4 

428 

212 
211 


lOtf, 

144 


Catthaginians 

Cartbeia 

Carthuel 

Canhueli 

Carvaneas 

Carvauna 


394 


:•) 


l66f  141,  144 


f<?2,y<f3 

293,  I4i' 

211 

S69 

'      370 

IA3 
•      48B 

..-,,.    37^ 

T.      *33 
Cafal  241 

Cafan        76,  78,  79,  4io 

Ctf/<ir  E/c^fcor  and  its  battle 

471,47* 


Carvnia. 
Cafa  Di» 


597,403,404 
.,v  ..     40  y 


CtrnioU 

Carnun\ujDf.  ijt^s 

Camus  J       .  V,    ibid. 

Carriutum  197 
Carolina  defc.  295,  y8)),j^o 

Carolina  Waters  ijy 

Carolinian  Race  ; ,  loi 

CaroUa  Cabetla  ;  >^  4^1 

Ciro/o  Kegium  187 

Caroljiada  '  ,68 

Caretani  2 1 8 

Car  pater  -..no 

Carpates  Monf  113 
Carpathian  Mon.  88,  97,100, 

»'.*    ,        ^         iP4>.,iQ<f. 
Car  pathos  Inj.  57^ 

Carpenfis.Principatm^   'ji^j 
Carpentaria  0  ,v   7 :  -^  Cl9<5    C-JE^"^ 
Carpentani      ^  „,.  ;,  2,15^.  ^^J*^* 
Carrara  ,  ^  "' "" 

Carfarice  Principit.   . 
Carrarfi,  .,  ,,  y,,^, 


Cafcar 
.Cafcban 
Cajha     ,  . 

)Caftlirrha '  359^ 

Cdjtona  la  voia^  Cajlone  2^0 
Cafperialnf.  \     131 

Cajpia  Ports  371 

Cahian  Men.  359, 

Crfjj'wn^etf    7<»  343'>,346,, 
3/^;  57<',  37,l;>394,4oy 
Otffachy  Horda  4.10 

"Cij3»n4er    ...       v»   ,,    »7y 
C^ajfarix  408 

Ci^  Emp.  .447 

Gtjl^/j-  andits  3  batt.    177^ 
C!rtgwer^*,4:   fc..  4i7,i»9> 


Cajfubii  ''■'*  .iJl, 

Cafiatn  '    2 1  o 

CafieUa  cAttorum  ist  Jlerm-' 
tiim  '"'  '_  ■;  jj"4' 

CafieUa  del  Or  f 4ir',y^t"' 
Caftettani  lyo 

Cajfellani  ,.    21^' 

CaftelU  Territmum  civ.  itS' 
CaftelUuk  and  its  battle  177 
CAftighne  24jr 

CafiileGelden  defc.  f«^t' 
Cajlfle  Tlaveia  \oll  114^ 
Caftilia  \JanutvaJ'nev0 1 Vf ', 
Cajlitlonis  Princeps  ■  '  127' 
Ci^/e  274' 

Caflle-bar        '      .       ..io! 
C*^/?  Nov* 
CW'*  Bonenfia 
Ca,1ra  Regina 
CajiH 
Cajttiferrenps    de 


-f^i- 


281 


Sar-aar 

-  .  ■■.'ip>' 
C<#oDutchjr         ^       2fo' 

CapjoGiffvanni  ai:d  ifisMines 


>/4 


i?-i7, 


27(J 

•ibid. 

■a9>i 
,    40 

.*7f 


284. 

140. 


CJjhodiMaina      ": 
,  Calhim  Britqntim . 
\  Cajtrum  Gaballionenfe 
27?  iQaJffum  ^uvdvenfe- 
'^sfrum  Macifccnenfe 
!(^'f>;/(!,  CaftuloA^. 
at^batha       "■,., 

Catl^mia,  Cdttiaunia  ■d'ejc. 
ii6,  H7,  218 
Cat  ana  158' 

C,atdro  and  its  Gulph    5^3 
Cat  at  trie  3^^ 

Caierlough  4f»  4f 

C4t^4>'/«4  Cornel ii        378 
CitW    79,412,413,438" 

S£.  Catherine 
Catholico's 


:'ii 


N  nna 


Cattalones 
Catti 

CattJans 
CJtuchomer 
Cdtwicli 
\  i92  I  Qtnoi  Elbogen 


4» 
49?, 

48  y,  •♦?< 

21^ 

J2T 

134,  iSfi 

X.-t'.xVi 


CA   CE 

C4(«/f«  Fmm        3  7 1 9  409 
C4S4u0m.¥9n.  343«  3  f  0,3^3, 
3tfy,3«<.3^8,  jri 
Ctuci  43 

CdMConis       .  x92 

Cavtn4{fb      Ufx  f4?»J*»> 

Ctvendijb  5it  3*«».       J5  ! . 

CdviU    "'■■  47^1  47* 

Caviltoniim  ■      '99 

Ctfvwr  4f7 

Cauntdefc.  4*4)  4or 

Cdunaxa  bait.  401 

Ctitrcrafi.  j*o 

<^«rox  /»/.  .  '  ^      ,ii9 

(f4V)|/tf  '■■•'■'■     174 

Caxdnjlca  -,          Xf* 

C«x«*  31H 

Ca](emJnf.  »^3t$^x 

Cdj^nna  S.fo 

Ctjemt  '          r73 

Cq/itrfl.  ,:        348 

C»{iri«  408 

(S^fcywA/f.  3j)7,  403>4«4 
CffAyCdfcumiCeUnum  2,40 

<r«^  4J7 

Ctfttig*  Inf.  xjii 

ChH  Country  jjjf 
ClUfops    270,177)  3->4ti8f 

C#<A(r  ^.  6*00 

Cifdhnd  ijti 

Ctl  LuKS  138 

C*U  471 

Cttebtsinf,  ^9ftfi9 

C^m  143 

OK  Xf» 

Ctt$iberi  ^it. 

etltibai*  '       xoi 

Oltici  ibid. 

<>(>•          '  143 

OintU  140 

CtmeUntunt  ibid. 

ttmeltm  ibid-. 

C«««»  nx 

Cnabum  197 

4|hiRftr  itfen.  237 
€«««m«i7MrMi  (ivi'r.      1^7 


CB   CH 

Cnmntt  .  '.^'3 

CtfhdlonU  ftf.        ^47)^91 
dephiSs  Locus  >r^ 

Ctphifiitfl.  X79>»^ 

CtpUpmfts  de  rrtpuff'.        ioi 
Ciraflit  Inf.  iefc.  37^,  377* 

3T8 

CertnnU  176 

Ctrbvrin  -a  83 

Ctrcttm  Mon,      '  '    "  3  74 
CercmffiMon.    "^  xjj 

CerdoM  '     ti7 

Cww  173 

C»fex's  Temple  178 

Cw/ei  '  a7y 

Ceretum  ' '"    X19 

Cerigotto  fceglio  190 

Curinest  Cerinium  375 

Cerne  J33,  J39 

CtrmU  176 

CerftfplH  184 

C'rrvu  949 

Ctrycm  Aftw.  '  27? 

Cr/kr  ^M.  123 

Ctfariitum  Hdvdlt^        194 
C«ri^i»,  Cethinay   Tnf    defe. 
i76,  377>  378 
CniuMcn,  123 

C(V4  :^:4t> 

Crv«  msnbhnitui         2  39 
Cevtnntt  ry4 

CevitKA  3f 

CettM  473 

C9/M  J»/.  «r/^.    2^3,  244, 

i9*>4Jo>tOiJ4 
ChsbdU  371 

CMirirr^MafTacre  i:?»,i38^ 
Chaburee  4*9 

C*4gr#  jtf2 

Otf/(iri0iiand  its  Council 
^/.  .       '  347,  348 

Cbaidtd  34#,  }J4 

Cii/0if  xf8 

Chdtjfhtn  }f2 

Ci^Mlj'fttniM  Wiiic         401 
04W  ■  Jf* 


CH 

Cihtm  of  Tdrury    3 43, 4T  i 
CbamhiridcumjChdmtrituiHi 
Chdmberjf  237 

Chdtnfdgnt  194,  i^« 

Cbtmfe  Mon,  413 

Cl^tfff4  |»r»  )f07 

Cbdncm     " '.   '  434 

Qbdnddy  ^fi 

Cbandran  444 

ChangUe  Cbitft  3^4 

Cbdngte  440 

Cbdngxa  ibid. 

Cbanoury  40 

Chdnoine  SetdUi  243 

Cbanque  438 

Cbdntt  440 

Cbsocber  442 

CfrM^rng  ibid. 

ICbdcnid  '-^      176 

ICbdraffdt  '.'■''      49? 

Ci&tfrc^tfnti  487 

Ltt  Cbdrcds  J>rov.         jf^ 
Cbdrefen  "39^ 

Cbatetts  37f 

CAtfr/M  Count,      y^x,  j^y 
C^/rxFort  618 

Cfcir/MTown  j7»/o8,j9o 
iCi^/r/IV.  Emi*.  iitf 

;C**r/M  V.  EttlJ>.    io8,'ii7 
Ci!Mr/»  the  Great  f4,  107, 
ii<f,  133,  138 
C*3rr/M  K.  of  j-wfrfm     «ro 
C*-ir/wIX.  andXI.Klngof 
Sweden  66,  91 

Cktritmont  48 

CbdrUviUe  j2* 

Cbarleroy  187 

Cmtrcflm  39^ 

Cfcrr/i  iWf.  •    3Jf4 

Chartres^  197 

»09 


ChdtyhdH  (h^lah 
Cbdfeavf        "* 


ChdttM 
Chdutber 

Out-' 

Pri 


441* 

»94 
C*4*  prov.  rfe/f.  471,  47J 


Ci^«»  n  C^4»N<|  41/ 

IChdxutno       ...         frj 
Cif'jtt'*'^'  408^ 

Cbtdfdftdek.  JJ»,  y94>  IJJr 
Ciftife> 


Chdib  ...     473 

Chfcara  487 

Chtcodefc.  1    4J4 

ChtdwUwmtt  %9i 

Che  •■.-     44» 

Cft<3re  .     >ox 

CJhehelmhidf  401 

Cbiifues  Arab.  467 

CheckUng  .  43* 

GWw  «7 

Chelmsford  tfo8 

Oretondtet  Prom.  tSz 

•  CAe/w*  '>i3 

Ofreww  490 

C*«»px  3J» 

C*«J  /«/".     ...        »89 

Cher  a fc  to  :    140 

Cherbourg  191 

Cherbour^hVfidc  ijjr 

C*«-^e5  497 

C*<rJfex               I  .          90 

Cbtrmttn  $9^ 

Chernnifi  :    184 

C/S'm'/  610.  Inf.  itiy  tf»3, 

Chtrfenefa  ff,  8p 

Che/jenefe  Goldert  431,  433 

Cherfonefm  CinJnU  jf 

Qher(opolk  x^x 

Cfr^/e/  /t.  410 

Chefimkr  3^4 

C/nJ^w  Courtty  ibid. 

Ci^fr  442 

C*«r/o«  Hills  37 

Ceuftftm           '  i9S 

Cbexan  438 

Chit  Inf.  ,    t99 

Chulii  411 

Chiamps  433 

ChiantttUn  jSz 

CW*;*  y8s 
Ci^/>>  Re4i  ^r  I«i/»  ibid. 

Chtarenna  xSx 

CbUrtidta  >      411 

Chiarenus  1X34 

C*«<:ot            '  ■    447f 

Chiebefierfi.  «oo 

ChidianiUjamA  jfpx 

CJ!«>/ef«  a.8} 

Dii?ncfo)i  ie/ir.  441 

Cbi*rdfs9  2  40 


CH 

|C*lVti4Hf  441 

K.  C»/7ier/(it  depp(«t     tyt 
CWW  i/f/f.     f f,  x^i,  |4f, 

J47»Jfo 

Chftti  441 

Cbilmanor         ^  ^  .j      491 
Chitenium  fj 

Chimin*  x7tf|3fo 

Chimti  160 

C^/mraePort  x^i 

China  defc.  xj?4,  X9^,  337, 

33?»34o,  343>344»4«8, 

43^,  to  444.^ 
CAwM  Policy  398 

China  its  Wall    411,  413* 

,  437 

China  Inf.  488 

CbinaUa    .  .   ^'  y8t 

CJhinan  439 

C4>/»co  X9< 

Chinefe  Char  alt  ert  439 
CWiw/m                437, 438 

Cib/M^4»  44X 

Chingehtn  440 

Chingtien  ibid. 

Chiming  439 

Chingyang  44® 

Chinyreng  44X 

Chi^Inf  defc.  374 

Chieggia  247 

Gib/Vtf  283  ' 

CW«  Ja/.  rff/c.  374 

Chipecbe  37; 

Cbiraguanes  5;x 

CMrmain  3i^4»  39f 

Cib/m  4x0 

CW»or  417 

Cbitpotti  4x0 

Cft«-o  X7f 

Chiutaie  347 

Choaffif  fl.  40X 

Choim  371 

Cholchis  .^66 

Chomadienflr  "    io\ 

Ch^an^efl.  ■■_  $9^ 

Cborafan  ,.,    408 

C*eA«               ;  88 

Choterin  96 

Chous  42  y 

Cboutait                ,  •     38  i 

C^t'^rj  ^408 
N  n  an  i 


CH   Gf 


4  KJ>rtftiana  i^f 

Chrifiianopk  ^»,  tf^ 

CbrtfiianofoUt  «|f 

Chrifti^iis  Kaflacfftd  and 

Uain        4^8,  493,  ^94 

0^r//f/4iu%r^Caftia  aK 
Cbrifiiem  ot  0/ir«6fuxj^  ft 
Cbrifliern  I.  ^t 

Cbrijliern  III.  ,     <>• 

ChriftiernlV.  iUi. 

Chrijiiern-dirf  6t 

Chrtjtierns  Haven  i?o 

Chrijiitrn  Pries  jf  | 

Cbrtjiiernftadt  ....  i^» 
Chrijlini  Inf  x^t 

Chrtjiopher  Columhut  .  .  x jt  9 
St.  4:briftpphers  Inf.       19} 
defc.     f  39,  J73,  i9f 
ChrtjUpoti  278 

CbrMKtfl.  •         •» 

Chryfites  'v  »78 

ChryfthorcA  •    4x0 

Chryforheasfl.  SfOyifiy^ff 
Chrffial  Mount  4^;,  4^f 
Chryfusfl.  ip^ 

Cbucheu  .    \4|,f 

Chulmia  , ;  ;^|^ 

Chutula  '  )i^if 

ChuproInf  f„ 

Chunking  44* 

Cfr«»  233,  in.  F/.  ?7o 
Church-EJtattt  '. .  /  348 
Churdiftan  jf^ 

^  :  3W 

CwV'  3PJ 

Chufafa  47^ 

C%  and  its  Battle  3;  4> 
C/y»;  i8i 

C*/rrtf  '  281 

Cianeus  fl.  7^41 

Cianifcarif^  I^id, 

pff  »  W4 

Cibnmm  .^^iv      ...jjtf 

C/&»/tf  '  '     '    jtjtf 

I  C'«'''f         .  ..    487 

pceros  Head  its  pr.ce  30© 

Cicu'eott  iifcifi*  yf 

Ciculi  qtf 

Ciftra  4Bt 


•f 


VkJ 


Ciktio  447 1 

Citkti  ."^    34^,  37tfJ 

CiUeh^r  '  xjrf  | 

'Cima  itnnmtt  fdnH*      X74J 
CmH  defeat  k  i  jf,  i39)Xoi 


Ct*  CN    CO 


■•■n.. 


Cimmtmn  ^ofphtrm 
Oimtnerium  Mare 


.    4     'tV,l 


9t, 
44* 

J77; 

408' 

>  440 

4JX 

43  J 

37* 

3?J 


Cinchtu 
Hmottr 
Oingit  (hauH  • 
i^itigtu 

Vinnsnien-Vfee 
Cinofttt 
Ciol^anque 
Cirummc 
Virean 

Cindjparu  blaclirartars^Of 
171,  3<?8,  371 

Circe  tjo 

Cmeium  Trom.  ibid. 
'Cmelli             '  474>  481 

'CinelU  yfme  150 

tiniM     ;  487 

i^trcintiat      •  ' ' ''  ibid. 

iW»^/M  of  the  Empire  119 

Cmcatha              .  400 

C/rt4  5P«//«        .  484 

C/rt&«  ibid. 

XirynU  ^76 
Cinhdtron  yfon.       178,279 

either  a  Inf.  »47 

Cirtw  Free  and  Impe.  ixr  j 

fitu  di  CafteUo  iso  ^ 

diaa  Invitta  T41 

Cittd  Notabile  ibid. ' 

Citta  Nrja  147  > 

Ci/ftf  yimrl<^  y.4<  j 

Vituorura  Jn\.  'io4j 

Vivare  137' 
Ch'iJa/  <ff/  R«/  Pkilippe  54*  t 

40 
i44>io5  ■ 
441 
^^^4>^<i! 

■'■'  -49' 
.   :    5^0 f 
'■^281 
ibid., 

^37r 


Civhi  recchia 
€lit0liminnam, 
Cl4g;enfurt 
tUrajci  Pax 
Cidrafeum 
Cidre 

titrtnim  fl. , 
tJtajre'ntia  VucAt. 
Ct4ren\it 
CUro  Meniiutn 
Ckros  In[.  defc. 


i9 

144 
?8 

2^8, *7f 
9ry  S>8 
178 
»34 
117 
4^4 
282 

ibid. 


•.i: 


CUfqUHtn 

Claude  Inf.  ■^'  f  * 

Claudia       U 

Claudippelit 

ClauJiue 

daufemburg 

CUufuUe 

CUveiiy  Clavenne 

Cleef 

Clemens  Alexani. 

Clementii 

Clem9u^((i 

Cleopatra  3^7,  ^6€,^9iy49i 

Cleopatris  io\ 

Clepidava  >  87 

Cleremtnt  200 

Cleve67y  127,  I3V49»»7^ 

Cleves  and  ^uliers  67^  li^ 

CJija  defc. 

Clfjl'ura  Mon. 

Clodion 

Clcgber 

Clonfart 

Clonijh 

Clonmel 

Clipbae 

Clota 

Clove  Inf 

Clunden 

Ctufa,  Cliife 

CtteveriKs 

Cluydfi. 

Ckemides 

Coa  Inf  defc. 

CoamA   . 

Cobi  fl. 

Ceblent^ 

Coburg 

Coihe  defc. 

CtDchin 

Coehin  china  defc.  433,  434 

K.  Cochilatius 

Coct^ings  Sound 

Ceoia 

CocytutfL 

Ceeiievfs 

Cedours  fl. 

Codunut  finoi 

Ctelojyria 

Coeverden 

Cofe-Berry 

Coga 


2^2,    2<>3 

X67 

181 

49 

JO 

49 

'  ■^■'4^4 
40 

4^9 
'   -.  238 

•        ^2 

34,.39»4C 
»8o 

r 


404» 


37f 

46  f 

166 

122, 129 

J*'    147 

29^,  4*7 


CO 

Ctgemine  294 

C«ni  347,  349,  380 

Ctldafa  348 

Coimota  222, 213 

Coin  fee  ^ibn^. 
Coiogna  27; 

Ctf/>e  233 

C«V»  I2X,  135 

leCol  de  Partus  218 

Cola  6iy 

Colaicum  ">      4x8 

Colanamicli  •  .  •"  ii58 
Colania  39 

C«/4/  427 

Cfl/Art-^  149 

Colthicum  Mare  i^ 

Colt  bin  427 

Colthina  Gulph  28^ 

Co/(i&«r  3rfy,  jtf^f,  368 

Coldana  \  39 

Coldingham  ibtd. 

Co//6re  •      219 

Colima  'y      J79 

Colleton  fl.  V,'   v'JJo 

C*IUnia  Inf.  37^ 

CoUime,  CoUiure  219 
C0//0  .>  484 

CcUopsniagnue  484 

St.  ■  Colmans  Tomb,  1 43 
Colniar  ,\    •'J  3 1 

Co/^io^oroii  'r     78 

C«/»  128,  J  48 

Go/tfft'*  '^     -'1   J03 

Co/<g»    19,  t2i,  12^,  128, 

»3r 

Collier 9!  Mon.        377,3/8 

Colombo  29^ 

Cilinia  Accufionorum  2o» 

C<>/«»2<f  Agrippinenfium  1 2  9 

Ctlonia  Are  latum  20 1' 

Co/oni  Arauftorum  ibid. 

Colonia  Araujinerum  ibid. 

Colonia  Trevirorum  129 

Clonus          •  J91 

G«/«p4  ii*o^-  343^'*7f,  37^ 
C*A»Mr/  /»/.  Town  288 
Cohaine  t         4? 

St.  iColumbut^  J  p^:.'*'' !  ibid. 
Ci>^wt«J  Chriflop.  373,^34,' 
•  J4»,  y^y,  5ih57h  591' 

Colhmne 


cct 


»P4 

Citoww  Of/)fi«             »«7 

9y    380 

Cmba                           >;tf 

J48         1 

CmdLac.                   244 

»»,  113         1 

CmacenusLac.              234 , 

Cmachio                     249 

»7r     1 

CmageiiA                ,     3f  1 

^31      1 

Cmaitigim                    J  84 

I,  IJtf    1 

0»r«7i<i                 J^3, 4»f 

218    1 

CmanU        352,  3^^,  3^5 

6ii       1 

ComttnUns                    408 

42s    1 

Oawr              :    /  .     418 

2VS       1 

Qwitfr*                 ixo,  in 

59     1 

Cfmarttxtrtmt             4*9  ■ 

427    1 

Cmarienfif  dt  Cmara    101 

X49       1 

Comargues                    in 

8/       I 

Cmtflnu            ♦-'  ,  •     156 

'      427       I 

Cmedu                       347 

'  281;       ■ 

Cmenotitari  270, 273^  27  J 

^y  lf>%        ■ 

Cmtjhaw                    401 

iWi    1 

Comino  Inf.            «       J41 
Cwwnwi.                      381  , 

XI>7        ■ 

Como  Lac.              134,144' 

^  il9      ■ 

OJW«r/£o  J»yi            ^293 

V  y^o      ■ 

Complutitm                    X  i  y 

116       ■ 

Cmpojietia                ^  y8» 

219       ■ 

CmumLec.         '■'.'"  144 

484        ■ 

Cinachia                       49 

4S4       ■ 

tiCtncepio           TJ  1,184 

'45        ■ 

Cwc*                           fii 

l-^l     ■ 

CORfOri                                   ^08 

'X-  -  7»       ■ 

Concordia  comitat           117 

B>  J4S        ■ 

Cflworif  Temple           ijo 

t    loi       ■ 

Condate                        1^7 ' 

128,       ■ 

On^e                     180,  4f  I 

i5r     ■ 

CondeUJd              45-0,  4fi 

7>5/8       ■ 

Condivincum           156,197 

29<r         ■ 

C^rtdom,  Condomum         199  > 

200'          H 

Confluent  es                    119 

129     ■ 

(ilongodtfc.    i94,i9U*?6i 

20  r       ■ 

401,,  4tf<j,  467,  yii,  JZ3, 

ibrd.        ■ 

Congolans              .      '  J23 

ibid.        ■ 

Congoxtima                    447 

119       ■ 

Cw^Kf  /?»/.                             2P4 

"in       ■ 

Cfl«i                   .    ■        *40 

37^         ■ 

Connagh                *         40 

'37^         ■ 

Cmnougbt      43,  44,45,  vw 

288      ■ 

ConneH/cut  fl.         606^  '?I2 

.  4»        I 

Coaw                             ./J 

ibid.       ■ 

Conmincinx          .  ■•     4i  5- , 

f?4»         ■ 

Conradinus  ,■■  -  ■-.'t':'  .   13*' 

5^r        ■ 

ConfantinA;-,-  --           484 

ie       ■ 

Confianct  Im.        1 19,1 3  3  i 

CO 

ConftdtKt  and  its  Council 
12T,  136,  138 
ConfttntU      29f,  3fj,  37« 
Confltmini  Prov,  484 

Confiantin*    248,  377,  4<fp 
Conyftfntiffir  the  Great    520 
Configiuinople    1 7«  87,  27 1 , 
272,308,30)? 

CORt  -  411 

Conteffa  and  its  Culph  274 
Cantinufa  ^.^.  in 

Comicia.  49 

Convent  !ti  Ccrduhenfts     2oy 
Cscm  (/f/c.  404,  405 

Coonamalnf.  293 

Cooper  fl.  J  00 

CopanabafiU  580 

CopaU  Lac.  279 

Copenhagen  fJijS,  60 

and  its  Treaty  <;<f,  307 
Coptrnietu's  Birth  place  8<J 
Cophinidia  Inf.  288 

C<^^/>x  342 

Cophtiis  293, 1 9 4 

Cophtes .  JO! 

Cophysfl.  J       417 

Coporio  70 

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Coj);2;(i  491 

Cora-atch  '.  i  4?  3 

Cor<»»i  /»/.  •  *94 

Cwtf/^M  394>  397 
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Cor4x  3/0M.  180 

Cotbantorigum  39 

Ccrfcfj  fo, 

Corfcey  13^ 

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Cordellier  Mon.  55^1 

Cor  dor  a  -210 » 

rordovants  47? 

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Corfu  Inf,  2^7,121 

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Corinth  Bay 

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Corinthio 

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CuheU 

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Cuth 

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Cu$bu  Mofet 

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Cui  Gnitty 

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JDHeras  ft.  xxi 

DKercfl.         xo|,  104,  X07 

Duinl^erlf^  -    176 

DuUburg  IXX 

HfilcigM  x6j 

Dulcinda  Deicrt  ^9S. 

VuliHrium  Inf.  191 

Duhabat  4x4 

Dumbarum  $9 

Dunafl.  7i)8x 

Dunbar  ..liij? 

Dunblane  40 

Dunbrittm  $9 

Dunctnwm  .47 

Dunca\(i  fi8 

Dundalli  46 

Dundee  ^     .  40 

Dundrum  48 

Dunemberg  7i,>  84 

Dunfreit  3? 

Pwi^^  4Xf 

Dungannon  49 

Dungarvan  ;x 

Dinnkeljpitl  138 

Dunkirk  ^76 

Dmluce  48 

Dunagal  47>  48 

Dunnmr  Cnji..  40 

Dunquerka  *  7^ 

Dm  ReWa  .    40 

Dunum  ■  43 

P«MciBay  t8o 
Oooo 


DU  DY  DZ  EA  EB  EC 

Durandt  >»    .£    ft* 

^wm*  .  X7 3,174 

X?«r*ttjr  ;  ^;.X8)f 

I>«»7>  ^.  20J^  iOKb  107k^ 

Durin^e  '      14,7 

Duringer  133, 

Duringer  rvaldt  ..  x»4 

Durlach  %.  137 

Dumocli  4» 

Duncortuni  196 

Durecortorum  ib|d. 

Duroftadium  \-r     i6% 

Dur^atum  ,  ,.  ibid. 

Pj<j^n  '.     38X 

Dt^eldorp  -    1X7 

P«fcA  cruelties  44^,  4f^, 

4^* 
Pirtt^  coin  in  the,Ia<f/w  334 
Dutch  Flanders  17% 

Dutch  Republick  defc.  from 

xtfoto  i74» 
Duveland       ,  167 

Duvinefl.       '  .76^7% 

Duvim.'SQVftx  78»  7> 

Duvine^  '_   -)  y    7| 

Dvfina  fl.  '  ,         8» 

Duxbury  /     :^      ^t 

Dujitibury  ;     ix7 

DuyveUnd    ■'  '    i6f 


Dyme 
Dytnnia 
Dfmifia  Inf. 
Dyrrachium 
Dyfma  Inf. 
Diwina  fi. 


x8x 

♦  »7f 
»8i» 

*7J 

44J 

8x 


E.         ...     . 

EAgle  of  Regit  Afontanuf 
IJ7 
E^i^/e  Wooden  *  133 
Eaji  Friefiland  i3f 

Eajiham  6o9 

Eaji  far  fey  601, 6oi 

EajUand  Fleet  f  ^ 

£4/ier»  Pr;»fM  their  PoHcjr 

38^ 
Eblanx  43, 4f. 

Ebrpfl,  jof,aiy,xi7 

Ebarum  ifjf 

Ecbatana  j^^ 

€<hir»ies 


m 


mmmmm 


E€'BI>BF  E6'£1EK:£L 


419, 


34> 


Bthinsdes  Inf. 

1kl(har 
Ecs-mii^in ' 

fdetbeti 

E*A  • 

"Edinburgh 
Mfto  fi. 
'B.mius  M$n. 
iimiKl  I. 
lih^ard  II. 
Miftrkiyin 
Wierbtitun 
E/e/tf     ^. 
EM    * 

l^,btrt  K. 

1^'ntf  Gulph  .aSg 

E^/n<(  /n/.  ibid. 

I^liton  Caflle  40 

igmyf.  113, 141,  ijy 
B^r/^w  ft/.  ^  Ciu  x%7 
iQfpt  defc.  from  48?,to  503 
E^/t«j  383,  3»y,  4*3 
"Eiatia.mons  t76 

Eichftadt  133 

E/<A«  491 

"9 


a?! 
171 
410 
3<54 
ZIO 

166 

76 
119 

196 

3y+>37j 

^X4 

39 
J  90 
ai8 

38y 

34 
394 
34(f 
348 

71 
III 

y8 


f,idftberg 

Einehofven 

"Binebacbri 

fjfenach 

lifinbatb 

tipbm 


li6 
280 

147 
no 

14« 


J>' Eiefies  Teyeruar  ioi,in 


'EiitftgMdtr^ 

ll-Dorado 

^Guafeo 

El-Kfbit 

il-Tur  defs, 

pabaffe 

ttad^iiini 

I/4ni 


4.19 
140 
J  84 

551 

490 
388 
4.Z0 
»74 
393 


-    EL    EM  . 

EUmis  defc.  •        '■■.'was '■■. 400 
'Etar4n  -.'      ,»•.!    3194 

Elitea  Mo«.  •  X79 

E^fl.     ;<?,  IX]:,  izi,  1^3, 
<   .  145,14^ 

Ethelnf.  zx7)2;»,zf8 
E/&iR^  t7 

E/^ftt  ,V  ,  !•  I  tfz 
E/i«rg;  .yv*.  ,:,:,  "  170 
E/a//f.  At.;i  ..-^.^8z,j9l 
VJcibof  r<''  *  ^''".  ■*  Xji 
Elelfors  8      i-^  •  iz<* 

Eleufin  •  •.      478 

EUufinia  facti  ibid. 

Eleufinian  PUin  ibtd^ 

£/ett)fx  ibid. 

Eltutberd  190 

Btghiumb*  47  ^»  475 

£/g«f  40 

E^iubma  471 

Etgiumabtt  475 

EUams  x%6 

Eli*  aSi, 

S//>iU  AfoY.  Z78 

Elil*be$bQ.  44 

Elixthetbs  City  jijj 

EliyAetbs  Inf.  ^49. 

Elitabetbs  Town  604 

EUeberri  _  zx? 

£//Wm  «z 

EUibirit  Z19 

£tf/o»  609^61^ 

Elius  FUvifd  fl.  izz 

Elmadiu  i96 

Etna  X19 

Elora  4Z1 

£///;/«  fo 

Elfihir  394 

£//iA  131 

Elfenburg  ^9 

Elfemur  4o 

Etfenour  Straights,  jj 

.E^nborcb  61 

Elfnape  ^€9 

Etfterfli  X47 

;E/»«r  XZ4 

Em4eham  1.95 

£M4ffMe/Enipir  »8i 

■Embden  1^6 

^Emboli  t7^ 

Emfrat  -  j  1 1 

Mmkbms         '  3<4 


£M   EN   EP 


Emmerknd 

EMKce- 

EmpedocUf 

Emforites 

Emifl. 


3f* 
Jjtf 

>f7 

ai8 

i»i,JZ3 


£»4fM   Jio,  nx,  fiz,  Jl8 

Encbyfen  Inf  zjtf 

EuulifmM,               !  198 

Endracbt  '  '^    _    "    ,  zjtf 

£)«/«          1  I.I  •  .  ,  •   )8z 

Endrin  271 

EndjfmoH  3^0 

Enerafii  Mon.  70 

£«/«/  JX4 

Enfifieim  131 

£>^^4  Gulph         z8i,  z88 
England  defc.  1 8, 1 9>  a  o,  z  i , 

»*»  »4>  2f,  »<S,  i7,  a8, 
Ti9,  j8 

EngUnd  Nevf  defc.  from.^of 

to  5iz 

£»jj/i/lr  theirTerri  tories,©'f » 

and  Coin  in  the  Eaft,  and 

Wefl-Indies         zyj,  334 

£>!£///!&  Channel  zi 

Engum  347 

£»^re  JZ3 

£)t/o  J  71, 

EnifliiUing  49 

Eniftemrk  ibid. 

Enna,  25,7 

£JW  27i 

£«/  ^n/)?<r  X43 

Entre  Daurodefe.  ZZ3 

EpdHos  z8o 

EpaminMdas  2  7  7 ,  z  791 

;£/«<  Z85 

Eptrits  10% 

Epetium  xeir. 

Epber  ^x 

Epbefiion  40a,  40J 
Epbefus  and  its  Temple  dele 

343?  ?4& 
Ephraim  Tribe  3(1^ 

Epbjffo  z8y. 

Epicaria  Z73 

Epidamnm  ibid. 

Epidaurus  2^4,  Z'84 

'Epiphantw  79 

Epirui  18,  zo,  Z70,  ztftf,z77.' 

fipifcopalif  Tingiund      471 

Efifcopis. 


■jffjVT^T^nn^ir 


EP   ER    HS 


ibil 
79 
,471 

mi4. 


t*  V? 


47r 

140 
ibid, 
ibid. 

Z40 
488 


tpifcopU 

Epiter 

Eftradix 

Eporsiir 

ipendia 

Mparciia  MsrchhniUU 

Eparredii 

Equint^Ul  FrMct 

Eracfi  Agemi    ' 

Eufmta  131 

Erdtcftbtnes 

Erbach 

Ercaltbajf 

Erceco 

Erdeli 

Etiewdii 

Erdinii 

Erdoed     -  '"■' 

Erethy  Ereck.  defe, 

Erenbretfieif 

DeEreslHts 

Erex 

Ere^.    :  ,■  ; 

Erford  ■  ■  :    ■         -       liS 

Erfurdt  ibid. 

Erl  394 

EriekK.  57 

Erkm  K.  f>6 

Eriffo  a7f 

ErivM  ■    ...    ■   3^4 

St.  £riii»  X87 

Erlavf  III 

Ersyf.  40 

Erneloiigh  44,  4i>>  f  o 

Ernbretjteiit  iij? 

Erofa  Inf.  defci  ,     37<f 

ErjJtfc^  133 

Erphordia  128 

Em/  47 1, 473*497 

Er/w  'tW4«Bo3r         28^ 


•^  r 


KS  ET  EU  EW;Be  EY 

E/T^^  its  Bridge 

ifftquthefl.. 

tffinguen 

¥f<mericfi 

EJierabad 

L.  Eftat  delli  TrtfiH 

Bftenfis  Gitif 

Ffterhafi  Count. 

¥ffero 

EJlhma 


ffZ  -PA 


i3<f 

614. 
3?4, 

ai7  1 
87  i 


3«« 


R  -'"i 


i.-.i. 


133     Tfijaotif 
4" 

97 
lof 

43 

3f4 
"9 
zoi 

»):8 

3<f4 


Iifimber 
Eftv 

Eftrabut  defc. 
Efirecho  de  Gibralter 
jy  E^rte  Count 
"Efiremadurx  103 

Etchmafen 
Etetcles 
Ethifipia  defc.  from  509  to 


y2z 
Etbiopean  Sea,  461 

Etbiopiart  '  s  10  \  FMma  jiugu/f a 

Etolienfium  Qivit,  1 98  '  I  FMnngtfta,  dejc. 


Mii 
_  -Facbsfl. 
tarione 
194  (j  f  «//Vrt-«- 5«//4 
71  \  Fatal  Inf. 

f  «rr  H/tf  Inf 
Fair  Point.  * 

Faifans  Inf. 
St.  Faith  IHttftlie 
Falaife 
FaMurgum 
Fttecia 
Fatfienburgh 
Faliiland  ,\\^ 

Falmouth 
j  Fa^er 


224 

ibid. 
4or 
tix 

T74! 
,223 

3<^4 
Z78 


Etrurid 
Ejtbcea 
Eftbaus 
Euclid    ■ 
Eventcsfl. 


271 

284,  287 
402 

»J7 
280 


ErjtL.vs 

Erytbea 

Erphrex 

Eryvan 

Er\iruin  defc. 

Efclavonia 

Efcref  dtfc. 

Efculapix 

Ejcurial 

Eihjfl. 

J^s^ihifir 

EffHi 


40  f 
211 
290 
342 


401 
284! 

39>  40 

348 

lot?,  lit 


Evefcbe  de  JVartsburgb    132 
Eunenes  272 

Evera  anditslSatt.  222,214 
Eupatoria  91 

Eupeterea        '  ibid. 

St.  Euphemie  iss 


Famine  Port 

Fangma  Inf.  ^ 

Fano 

Fanun  SitaSi  Afapbi    ■    34 

Faoum  Sanifi  Audomari  179 


3i$tf 
447 
213 

n<» 

434 

41 

f2» 

«>> 

14* 

i«r 

I9f 

4i 

:      3# 

••■     €t)% 

37^,  37I 
ibid. 

J4# 

"      44J 

a4> 


s 


34<?,  352, 3f4,  3<f3,  393 
Eureux  Mediolanum  196 
EuripKs  Stxd.it  287 

Earo]'^:  290 

Europe  defc.  n?,i7,i8,ixf 
Eurtpenn  Languages         21 

^ ,       Eurotof  fl.  28<f 

3^4,3? o  ||  St.  Etiftaci  Inf  i95 

i6o    Eufiacke  jf4 

E;oc/ne  Sea      90,  133,  a<58, 

i7t,343»34^)3<^.3>37i 
Ewtf»«^/r^  ij<? 

Exerer  ^08 

Eymuy  438. 

00002 


F«»»m  Vavidit 
Fanutn  Sanifi  Dionyfti 
Fanum  Sanifi  ^ohannif 
Fanum  St.  ^inifiiit 
Fanum  Keguli 
Fanum  ad  Tattam 


Euphrates  fl.  342,  543, 34^,  \  Far  of  Mejfma 


Fare 
Farfai  fl. 

Farmenagh 

Fanefa  Gent 

Faro 

Pars 

Earfi 

Farjijian 

Fartacb 

F/lrucb 

Faffafi. 

Faffo 

Fatagar 

Fa^ima  Zuhra 

Fetnian  Ofiitrit 


3* 

i9i 
4  3* 

JJ4 
4^,4^ 

227 

i94)  29<?i  3?» 
4tf» 


4»t 

4*4 
Farentia 


FA    FE  IFI 


Fi.FL    FO 


;*• 


VMntU 

•    U7  \ 

F/Vw»                             «49  1 

fAvoritk 

»4*v    Urufeuch                      401  ] 

^duquimefit 

-       187 

F//«|g4ri                           36 

St.  Ft 

j8tf 

?itceelberg  Man.     i » i ,  i »  3, 

VtdtrfeeUe. .'. 

139 

141 

Ttl(mlienx  ft. 

104 

Uhw                            501 

feltugU 

•'    iff 

Uatrdinga             '        x^J 

¥eltrt 

■      a-f? 

VUnders                 1J7>  M8 

Vtr  Inf. 

53J 

Vldnders  Count,  defc.    1 7  J» 

Verdtn 

»3f,iJ3 

178 

Vtrditidndd 

56( 

?ldndridH  Gate              i8x 

Vsm  fl. 

3J3 

F/itv4                            113 

¥trnanbuc9 

JJ4    VUvitgdbrigd                 a  08 
53«  1  F/«vio                           ay4 
2!?4    ^Idvium  Brigdntm        109 

ttmatUt  Inf. 

Vtrfsndt  Pm 

temando  de  ^ier 

«»4 

ftms 

47' 

F//«/«b4                >       ibid. 

F«ro  Inf  defc. 

J3t,tfi« 

F//rt                  .       33>  34 

ftnabiut  defc. 

40XI 

flijftngd                        167 

fmara 

»49 

lelemmings                     JJ7 

letmra.  Forto 

»J8 

F/eww/Tb  Phyfidc       -   x^j 

VerrarU 

ti3»*49 

Flemmijh  Inf                  Jo6 

ferrsria  WfA  Guns 

2S7,*40 

Vlensberg                •-:     j8 

¥trriland 

tfiy,6i< 

VlevoUndi*                    166 

S§rro  Inf.         V;. 

1J>  531 

Flexum                       .J  09 

feruca               --u 

'-i ,   4<ri 

flmnegy  Ylwntid  deft,  x^i^ 

fttfipert 

\  •      41? 

310 

Vtverjhm  fl. 

^00 

Vims  Inf                 :     $30 

Fq  Kingdom  defc 

470,  to 

F/orirftf                  X94,  543 

I 

479 

IrlorJdas                         Z78 

Vt^e  Prov.  defc. 

471 

^lujhing                   _'  167 

Ve^en-      ^\  >  v  - 

J.       J04 

¥ecbevf                         440 

fi/un 

497 

Farrfwx  Dowjw  D«          133 

Viafcme  Men*.     ' 

JiJO 

F(ri»j  (/ecem  ^urifdiStimum 

Vitna. 

J48 

ibid. 

Eie«t«; 

a49 

Fa»<               ,              J  07 

Vigend: 

.    348 

foglid  Vetchid               348 

ViUfck 

III 

Fot/e/i  Prov.          438,  440 

Vindl 

.-,      »4i 

l.os  VUhdiwts                130 

Vindland 

c     70 

¥ol«eMen.                     a8f 

Vir^eritt 

a9<? 

Fcniw^                          441 

Vir^ofes. 

79 

Irottntdin-heUe-fdu           196 

finUnd  Gulph 

6i 

Fem-beUt-dquai              ibid. 

'PiMtandid  SMetia 
F/iwir)^ 

ibid. 

J^orf**'"                             40 
F«»fc/b                           441 

Vinnid; 

..  ?*> 

Vtricd  Kivul..                 1 24 

Jeinnonid   . 

ibid. 

¥«mofdInf  i^yv338,443» 

timid. 

,    f9i6o 

444 

Stw  ¥iorAi 

2Ji 

Vernoli                          375 

fiorenid  Id  BelU 

ayi 

For*  ^ulium                 ii6 

Vmnd9  Inf 

447 

Fonts                            40 

ifimiait  laf* 

i«9 

Jwt  St.  Ar^riw            i^j 

PO    FR- 

¥m  dtt  ¥rdnceif  jjf 

F^rt  i't.  George  zif,  418 
Fort  Nov*  Hottdndid  X9J 
I3»,X77 
»9J 
'  '      *i»4 

ibid. 

U9 

'     433 

.     237 

X<J 

^37 

491, 498 

533 

I  JO 

616 
'M 

48 
21J 


F«rf  Ltwit 

Vort  St  Lcvk 

Von  St,  Mdrfi 

?ort  of  the  Mine 

Fort  St.  Philip 

Vortefcues  Bay 

Forte  PytindfA 

Forth  Frith 

Fortuentura  Inf.' 
icorum  Viiontii 
Foffa.  Drnfiand 
F^tnidium 
Feftdt 
Fouehidl 

Fomtainbleau  Treaty 
Fml-Sound 
St.  Foy 

Fo//e  Lough        ...1 
Fragd 

FTdnct  x«,i5,,i3; 

Its  defc.    ISO,  191, 192, 
i93»  ioi 
Frdncf  EquintHial  jtfo 

Frdncifcans  44^ 

Frdncifcopolis  19  j 

Frdnker  172 

Francofurtum  ad  Oderdm  148 
Frdnmfe  Bav  61^ 

Francoife  Fort  J38 

Francolinofi.  2x7 

framonia       123,  i3o,  132 
Frdnitheria  x  72 

Frankendule  130 

Vran^ord  3  x  r.  See  Prdn^wt 
Frankfort       1x7,  xxp,  xii, 

i»3>  X30»X33>X34,  148, 

3H 
FM»A^.y   xifji^l,  x8i,  2^3, 
Frdt  fl.  3<f  J 

I  Frawendfeld  233 

Fredericfi  BarbarofftL       350 
Fr*</cr»c^  Fort  yg 

Frederick  K.  yj 

Frederick  K.  of  Vermdrk,  60 
Frederick  II.  ibid, 

Frederick  Ode  c8 

■  Fredericx  ibid. 

Fredericksberg  60j  fo7 

Fw^^ff/Vifcfiwr^*  Fort       290 
Frtdttickfi0 


fndericljiat  j.  >* 
trtibargh  j,      >48 

Freifengen  >4o 

frrjc*  I  IT.  theirCountry, 

Indies  %9l 

hfaf<>  County  1*4 

trtum  Vivk  6i% 

Fretum  Gaditiuum  1 1 1 
Fretum  HeniUeum  207,  z  1 1 
Fretum  U  Maire  1:451 

Fretum  Tarteffitcum  x  1 1 
Friburg  131,135,229)130, 

»32 

Friburgum  ijo 

Fridberg  JJ4 

Friejland  lyS,  172 

frijch-Haff  113 
Fr/^«             io5,  I09,ui 

Fr/H/i  247 

Frhonr  171 

Fwez/ber  Mart.  tfi8,  ^21 

Frobijhers  Oar  ^22 
Frobijhers  Straights       ^21 

Frumentim  -      jxo 

Fuentheu  439 

Fuentarabii  208 

Fuentes  233 

J^K^ew  J  37 

DeFugilnf.  13s 

Fuldfl.  125,  124 

F«/i4  Abbey  13  j 

Fulgentm  ^         48? 

F«/»  /«/;  '           44 

FAff4»  T9)  ^o 

F«7ti  510 

FungcUng  439>44i 

Funghgl  533 

F«xrgi  jio 

F«M  500 

Fttrffihchejt  xii 

Farxej  i77»  178 

Fttrftemberg  137 

F»i/4  TOO 


G. 

G^^fom  ({f/c.  403 

G^&m<t,$'{/v.  1x3,124 
VtlGaddfwi  T38 


Gi</r/  < 

Gademes 

Gidir* 

Gaiites 

Csfat 

Gtgirg 

Qago 

Gaighe 

St.  G4/. 

G«/4rr 

Gdlapb* 

CaUtx 

Galata 

GalatU 

Galen 

Galicia  defe. 

Gallcia  New 

Galienttt  Emp 

Gtf//7ee 

Gatiopeli 

Gallaici 

Gallant 

Gallau 

Gatte 

Gattes 

Gallia 


GA 

211 

'  "     .    J04 

..  »" 
3<fi 

371 
106 

230,  232,233 
258 

.      474 

.       .272 

347 

■  34^ 

• .  347' 


•    209 
97 

350 

:     272 
209 

yio,  yr2 
280 

:  29tf 

2J<J 
134,  190 


GaUis  AquitanicA         191 
GaUia  Belgica  ibid. 

Gattia  Bracata  ibid. 

GaUia  Caltica  ibid. 

GaUia  Cifal^ind    139, 190, 

23J 
GdUia  Narbonenfs  191 
GaUia  SubaUfina  239 

GaUican  Flanders  n$ 

Gatticum  213 

GaUientu  352 

GaUions  Ptrt ,  T38 

GaUipli        is  it  347,  381 
GaUoGrsciarts  347 

Gallovay  '       49 

G4//«»»  359 

Grambia  Flum.  293, 4^  T>To5 
Gammandore  295 

Gammalane  Fort  2.^5,  459 
G«»  511 

GanabarO'  fyj* 

G«»4  .17? 

Gandarum  ibid. 

Gandia  xi  3 

Gandittf  429 

G4n£4mr/tf<  3I.T5 


O-A    GE 

Giaigrfiii  4j 

G<n^e  421 

Ganges  ft.  deft.     414,41/, 

418,  421,  43 1,, 296,  2)>4, 

343.  344. 


441 
ibid. 

J" 

yoT 
48T 

yo4,fc^ 
482 
497 
I4t 
2f4 

I93»''^^ 

471;  47  J, 

.      474) 

149 

»P3 


G4J»f /!/■  Caft. 

Gan^ 
Gaoga 
Garal-Mejhi 
Garamantes 
G<xrbele 
Garbia 
Gardleben 
Garganus  Mbn. 
Garonnejl. 
Garret  Prov. 
Garjis 
Garts 

GorumM  ft. 

Gafcoigne        I9ii<i9^i^99 
GafcoJgne  Sea  193, 

Gt^atta  Dttx  227 

Gifieren  z^o 

Gata  Mon.    .  4^4. 

Gates  Sir  To.  between  574, 
and  S7S 
Gaudia  Mundi 
Gaudiana  fl. 
Gaudix 
GaugamelA 
Gaul 

Gaul  Belgick 
Gauldklquiver  fl, 
Gaulos  Inf. 
Gauls 


203, 


Gauls  ilain 

Gaunt  , 

Gaures 

Gautimala  dtfc, 

Gayland 

Gay  9  ft. 

Ga\ar  Ax[ahir. 

Gebba 

Gebba 

Gebenna  Men. 

Gedanum 

Gedrofia 

Ceertrydenbvrg 

Geei 

Gehambat. 


139 
207 

212 

129 

J4 
2«7i  209 

HI 
iiy-,  190,198, 248, 


ijy 

39<f 

f33 
472 
X04 

^&. 

ibid; 

X9? 
8^ 

3^4 
154. 

yio 

Gthlacit 


f 


'G£ 


^  ^ ,. 


Gehn 

Geion 

Oelitrlsni. 

Geldernac 

Oeliers 

Geldri* 

GitdrU  Fort. 

Gelhen 

Geniaine 

GemhUcum 

Gembhurs 

Getnen 

Gemuni 

Gentnu 

Genevt    19, 

•GtnevA  Lake 


lys, 


Genevenjis  Cmitatur 
Genffer^ee  Lake 
Geneura 
Geiigenbach 
Gejtges  fl. 
Gerinahum 
Gthbtns 
GtnoM  defc. 


igtt  if 9 

i«4 

X69 

ibid. 

428 

.  :   49<f 

x%x 
ibid. 

»37 

130,  t3i,»34 
131,  134 


If, 


>37 
ibid. 

X04 

197 

217 
23^,141, 
141,  311 

513 
3f3>  3^y 

173 


GE    Gl 

St.  Gertnmet  en  Ltje't  Trea- 

*49 

:  >y7 
118 

'  ibid. 
IP,  ir. 


01   CL   (SO 


ty 

German!  s.Tnferifff 
Germania  frima 
Gthtania  jecunds 
Germany  defc.     18, 


loi,  1:4,  uj,  u5,  117 


Gerra 

Gerfofpa 

Gerunda 

Gerfalalit 

Gtjtricid 

Getart 

Gettt 

GetuU 

Gettily 

Gevatia 


404» 


391 
417 
ai7 
4iJtf 

371 
57 

.ro3 
474 
69 


Vtl 


)  l|vtl 


57 


I. 


Giwaniffk 
Glcvia  ft, 
Girba 
Girgh 

Givenegi 

Giufujcoa 

Giujiandil 

Gi\e 

GUmorgan 

Gtan  ji.         ^  4^^ 

Giarhi    "  lip,'  'I30,  13* 


\-' 


\> 


184 

4«r 
4!Jr 

»«7 

40 

2o8 
4^3,174 

497 
,  33>  3f 
M4 


Genua 

Geon 

St.-^  George 

George  Caftriot 

St.  George  of  the  Mine  19  s 

yo7  j 
St.  ■  Georges  Inf.      y  5  o,  j  49 
St.  Georges  River  ^9U  59^» 

Georgia  defc.  343,344,3<^9, 
370,383,3^7,  l6xy  3<?y 
Georgia  Mon.  3^3 


4^f, 


Georgians 

St.  Georgio 

Gera. 

Gerame 

Gerafenfts 

Gerau  Mon. 

Gerbas  Inf. 

Gerbi 

Gerganti 

Gergio 

Gergobia 

Gergobina 

Gergio  Inf. 

'^t,  Gepiaine 


341 

177,178,275 

405 
28J 

210 
278 
487 

ibid. 
258 

499 

.,•        .  200 
ibia. 

,,250 


Gevinerienfis deGevinar  loi 

Gehedm. 

Gheei 

Ghenet 

&herfelvin 

GhibeKines 

Gbirfl. 

Giagatay  Tart, 

Giamen 

Giamma 

Giamma  Gheber 

Gianutum  Inf.    • 

Giaques 

Giavarius 

Giauher 

Gibal  Tariff 

Gibbekth 

Gibel  Mon. 

Gibralter 

Giddeport 

Gierra  Inf. 

U  Giglio  Inf. 

Gigujs 

Gibonfl. 

Gilan 

Gilbert  Sir  Hum. 

Gilberts  Sound 

Gilead 

GiUam  Zacb 

Gihlo 

G.ingi 


196  \Gfngir4 


XII 

^3 
fii 

401 

X7f  ; 

r474' 
aj2 

JOJ; 

$99 
S^9 
478 
ibid. 
227 

J2^ 

III 

,491 
'  211 

'  ■  3^3 
4^5 

207,211 
390 

2y8 

3^8 

:  4«r3 

394 
^iy,^2i 

^22 
3^o>  S^i 

2j/^,  HJ9 
JIO 


GUrena 
Glat-Hitten 

Glafco 

Glajimgh 

Glati 

Gtaucut  fl. 

Glencarn 

Glocefler 

GlOoaw 

Glota 

Glmkfiat 

Gljkeeon    '' 

Gmundt 

Gnejf 

Gnoffm 


ibid. 

no 

39 

\  49 

-.  .■      My 

31,  y92,  *o8 

"3>  »y7 
40 
y<f 

27tf 

H3 

^3* 

290 


227 


Goadefc.  I94,33y,4i4.444 

g«5?'  w  394 

Gofpy  ^4,  <r2 

CfOdfrey of  BuUoigne  i9i^,^6o 
Godfrey  Count  ot  Pappenheim, 

147 

Godmercie  Inf.  cix 

Goederee  Inf.  igj 

Goeree  Inf  ibid. 

Goes  ibid. 

Goetliins  Major  609 

Gogni  347 

Goiam  fii,  513,  518 

Golcondadefc.  jpy,  29^,334, 

344,  414,  418,  429,  430 

Gold  Coaft  yo7 

Gold  Sterling        197,  31  y 

I  CWi/  and  Silver  their  Pn>- 

I     portion  2i>8,  329 

I  Golden  Cajlile  294 

Golden  Fleece  ^6s 

Gdeua  48  f,  48^ 

Ca//(f  P«^*  J84 

Gotfo  di  Jgimoant        274 


GO 

184 

4»f 

*t7 
I9f 

40 

M4 

ibid. 

3y 
49 

92,  *o8 
40 

27tf 

MS 

2J0 

fM.444 

iH 

S49  6x 

147 

<^2  2 

ibid, 
ib/d. 

547 
»  J18 

^>554, 

^  450 

5-07 

5'f 
Pro- 

J84 

274 
lolfo 


'Jl 


•       /.GO 

Cglfo  Aiemdns  174 

Gtlfo  di  Beito  4^7 

Golfo  de  BeniaU  4^1 

Golfv  di  Caps  487 

Gclfo  di  Contefa  274 

Go/fo  di  Monte  Santt  ibid. 

GolfodiPaU  487 

OolftdiRampt  174 

Gplpho  di  Sidrs  487 

Cr«/p^o  ^/  j'o/0t,7;0  ibid. 
(?«//>**  iff  Pr/« 

G;>/)/'o  I>e//o  Prino  ibi 

Ombo  III 
Gmhron  defc.  3  9 1  >  3  ? 8,402, 

40f 

Gombru  2pj 

<7o»ier  To.  and  Riv.  473 

Gomen  Inf.  J31 

Gomerians  xij 

Gonrou            -  40  j 

GondoU's  1^6 

Qonga  jn 

GtnnniUe  ^24 

G«»^<^4  Gf»j  227 

&«//<  L4C.  Stf 

G«r               .     ^  4x7 

iSwdiai  3^3 

©«r«t  144 
Gme  Inf.              iPSy^of 

Oorgades  J34 

Gorgian  }^ 
Cor^ena  /»/;.  227,  »f  8,  JS9 
Gorgore                37-1,  ji^ 

Geri  defc.  370 

Gerichtmum  164 

Goritia  145 

Gbritium  144 

^omif  217 

GorJxetInf:  joo 

Girlium  r^4 

©crrf  ibid. 

GmjfM  290 

Goftynia  SpicuU.  xso 

Gojhe*  joi 

6'^'*''                 .  152 

Gotbalonia  116 

St.  Goihard  lo; 

60ti&4rif  Hill  122 

Gethburgum  ti 

Getbebitrg  ibid. 

6M^r0.  ibid. 


/  fr-  ::(J.O- OR 

GeihUnd  ibid. 
Go;^i'  ipt,  204,  212,  21]:, 

21(1,  268,  270 

C^*/  and  ;'<«»rfi/j  t'i 

GotUnd  Inf.  ibid. 

Gotticut  J4,  ^2 

Go»M  147 

Gtntmberg    .       .  ,        ^8 

Gottingen         -  jji 

C7o«fl  f»/.  445>44V 

Gotmp  57 

C70«i4,  Go«</e  ..    1^4 

Goulams  ,^    398 

Cw/for  Cafl;..     /  ,',''   419 
Goy^w           '       4^3,  jn 

Go^o  Tnjj  »i>i)44X 

Go^o  Porto  47  J 

Grabatet  Fort  291 

Graciana  •. .   x^i 

St.  Cracioft  Inf  530 

Qndifcbet  %6i 

Gradifco  116 

GradifJ)           ,  98 

Gradhlia  i6i 

Griea  279 
GrtfcM             18,177,383 

Criteiim  143 

GireeeJi*  Hertclitt  91 

GraicKs  270 

Graicum  145 

Grampius  Mat.  40 

Gr4»  10^,  Z11,  II.} 

GroMda-  203,207,211,254, 

J52,  5^3,  j8tf,  J84,  >8j 

Granado  21 1 

Granatum  ibid, 

Grand  Btnk  v      ^16 

i  Gm»</  i'/g»/or     3  4 J,  378, 

379,  38o» 38i> 38»»  J83, 

384,  38?' 
Grande  '  .    194 

Granita  ft.  Xfo 

Graniius  ft.  ibid. 

GranitXA  277,  279 

Granfon  Bath  x 99,  219,230 

Cratiampttita  %oe 

GratinfaDi9S  $84 

GntionopoliSf .  zo9' 

GPtti  143' 

Gr«vf  1.87 

iQUvelii^       .^ ',.  •  .:     »77 


OR    GU      . 

St.  Cravtnhagbt  104 

GrivM  Wine  *  ^9 

Gravionarum  J  Si- 

Gray  IXf 

Great  Sound  between  y74i 
and  J7f 
Grecian!  270,171, 303,304 
Grfwf  rf*/"c.  i^j,  170,  271 
Gw^x  393,  437 

Greenland  j  y,  tf  1 9,^20, « 2  3 
Green- jpring  Houjr  59* 

Grw  ^.  183 

Gregory  Pope  119 

Grejavaluafl,  J83 

Grenada  Inf  J74,  J84 

Grmadiut  Inf,  2  93 

Grenoble  2oo> 

Grrve  X  99 

Grieffsnbagen  1^9- 

Grimalda  Gens      227,  242^ 
Crimani  374. 

Gripfwald  149 

Crifons  121,  xjtf,  230,  233, 
Gro^o  3f0».  254 

Gro^o  Wines  ibid.. 

Groine  209 

Grfl//  i7o< 

Groninghen  defc.    i.f-8,  271 
Gronsptld  13^ 

Gr«x  wardejrt'  9S' 

GrqlTrit  xtfS 

Grtfii^tnv  157 

GrmadiCane  xj^ 

Grttton  tfoS' 

Grubenbigen  ijr^ 

Grucil^  ]  44, 

GMcocinga^  579 

Ga4  dalajara  Kingdom  and' 
City  defc.  j8i 

Guddalaviar  m 

GuadaleupeVtf.      293,  {74. 
Guadalira  193 

Guadibalberfii  43^ 

GK^gxt/tf  482 

CuaianacapA!  s^jy  $59,  s6o- 
Gualau.  $06- 

Guam*  294: 

Guant- bant  Inf.    Uh  S71* 
Gtunfer  481 

Guarguejfen.  474; 

GuafteUa.  24^ 

QMWiAi  2  08 

^Mtlntill. 


\ 


OU    OW    GY 


GudtimaU  193, 

Gusxact  Prov.  defc. 

Cuba. 

GuhelhamsH 

Gucheu  '^ 

Gudeme^ 

Guei  ft. 

Gueldres  * 

Guilfs  .  .  V 

Guemifvi  '  [ 

Gneudicot  "  \ 

Guenira  ^^^  ;.' 

Guenga  fi.       ,'''|  ' 

Guer 


Gueret   • 

GuerguU 

Guepia 

GurvetUn 

Guaaran  ^ 

Gttido  Suff.  B.  Utrtcht 

Guienite        191,  i94) 

Guilan  ?94, 

Guilielmine  Branch 

Guinea  Nnv 

G«/«y  i?3,  2?4»  »^y> 

Guinv  AfricAti 


184 

yi8 

4*» 
joi 

435? 
ijx 

4»9 
'      5X8 

4»9 
471 

100 

404 

'43>  8-3 

J83 


GY    GZ    HA 

Gyuls  Feyarwai  98 

Giihtsw*  ts^ 


HA 


H. 


«..i»'' 


481 
173 

397 


T  TAhtfcU 


Habxjftt 

Habat 
Habttk  ' 
Htbelch 
Habtfch 

HaheJJinet  f  10.  .  ^ , 

HabeffiHa  and  its  King  ; 09, 

y  i3»yi^iyi7, 510,  y*i 


yio 

n3 

471 

jio 
J8i 
yio 

i3»M^.n9 


47X, 


i1 


mtic 
ma 

Hjtf  Capt. 
Hutt  ^Amtf 
HiUibAs      * 
HAUni       ' ' 
HiSi  f.-.hifar 


<.  I 


;»38: 


•n 


4if 

410 


Hicluyt 

Hadea 

Hadiguit 

Haderjleban 

mifitU 


140  I  Hgdrian  Pope 
^14     flair  Una 

HairianopoUs 


Gut, 

Guldenlow  Count 

Gtt//cife 

G«/;^  oi  Venice 

Guns  invented 

Guraghe 

Gurchitto 

GurgHlan  3^j',3^<f,3<f9»  37° 

Guriel  defc.    3^6,3^8,3^9 

G««t  fl. 

Gufman  ^$bn 

Guftavus  de  Vafa 

Guftrm 

Gutenburg  ^thtr 

Gutsburg 

Guy  offerufalem 

Gny^ohn 

GuyoiLufigmn 

Guyana       19^^  195, 


J07 

508  •)  Hadrumitum 

i9y 

<fo 
rz7 
146 
217 

420 


103 
.  47r 


Gu\erat      a 

Gw{ula 

Gu/^untina 

Gmnetb 

Gymnefophifis 


Ji  ^ 


Hudwiclfwali 

Ilamus  Mon. 

Haga  Comitft 

Hagemtw 

Hagemit 

Haggio  Port  us 

Hagijiondefe. 

Hagne 

Bakan 

Haifa 

HallhoH 

IHailbrun 
Hailprun 
Haimis 
Haimburg 
ify     Hainan 
3^0    Hainault 
f  1  y     Hanigm 
378     Hala 
J4f,    Halherfiadt 
y^o    Halen 
417     Halenberg 
474    Halep  defc. 
484     Hi/{ 
33     HaliAcmon  fl, 

AH 


40J 
419 

yxi 
47? 

J8 

ibid. 

44 

349 

*7i 

485 

<f9 

1^7,  %69 

1(53 

xil,i3i 

,       *3i 

■      178 

,  .•     3?9 

:■:  1^3 

.  417 

.'  434 

'  130 

;',•    138 
\       ibid. 

V       47<f 
143 

441 

,  lyS 

179}  180 

184 


Waly 
miys 

Hamacojiat^ 
Hamah  defc. 
Haman 


\  > 

3y7i387,  397, 

;    '.       40r 

\  '■■•      3-1' 
3Ja 

3yt 
40- 


.t^. 


3?»' 


Hamburgh  defc.  J5,  J7>3i* 


Hamder-lUah 

Hamelen 

HamersbccJi 

Hamia 

Hamilton  Cail. 

Hamlen 

Hammametha 

Hamour 

Hampton 

Hams 

Hanavf 

Hanchew 

Hanchun 

Hanchung 

Hanefvri 

Hanes 

Hanghad 


477 

iy» 
149 

490 

40 

1-4 

4y* 
3r» 

I3J^ 

344>4tO,44t 

413 

43!» 
6li 

481 


Hannibat  i7<f,347>48j,48<f 


134, 13^ '15*  I 
184! 
1*3^ 

3n,3J»»38i 

3ro 

z86 


Hannona 

Hannover 

Hannuye 

Hansberg  Caft. 

Mwj  Towns 

Hanyang 

Haphnia 

Hapsburg 

Haram 

Haran 

Hardware  ' 

Harefgol 


Harlicarnagut       143,  149 


179 

iji 

184 

J8 

IZI 

440 

6Q 

117 

391 

SH 
4»9 
48  ^ 


H<tf/»^rott's  Sound  betweeen 
J 7 3,  and  57 J 

i  34 


Harlech 
Harlem 
HarUrgen 
Harman  ^olis 
Harmajis 


I6i 

171 

370 
Harpigin 


i 


HA    HE 


Hdrpagut 

348,349 

Hirrington 

S9J 

Hartfcri  Count. 

J5»» 

Hertford 

60S 

hdrtiwdUt      \ 

,V       03 

Htrvy  Town 

191 

Hi's                 » 

•  r     380 

Hafcora  Pro. 

47f 

H4ei  fl. 

3fi 

Hafu             IX 

7ji33»i'34 

Hjttem  • 

■  0       170 

Havan 

V.       3J4 

Hivanx 

.,■        588 

Havma  Pert 

566 

Havelsburg 

148 

Hivre  it  Grace 

x^r 

Haverford  ffiji 

36 

Hdveril 

6oi 

Hjvilab 

38;? 

Haufans  n  Fifli 

107 

Hawat  ft. 

?I4 

Haynault  defc. 

179 

HMpro.. 

475 

Head  of  If'ii 

jiy 

Hebrao  Cajiro 

178 

t  r  hreips 

.     3f4 

Hebrides  Inf. 

41 

Hecatsmpelsn      t 

176 

He(Mtompotif  Inf 

ajo,  404 

Hecdtempylos 

4i?9 

HeciA  mon. 

v.'-'    617 

Hefelftein     . .. 

■     137 

HefefiiA 
Heide 

490 

J7 

Heidebx 

58 

Heidelberg      iiz 

,  119,130 

Heidukes 

103 

Heiterjheint 

IS6 

Helena 

xt9i  »9o 

Hekna  Inf. 

aS^ 

Helena's  Point 

fji 

Uelenopolis 

;      » 33 

Helfingia 

.<f9 

HelicApalus 

179 

Helicon  Mms, 

ibid. 

Helioierus 

175 

Hellopolis 

498. 

Helius 

167 

HeUui 

»70,  171 

HeUen 

170 

St.  Helleas  Inf. 

49?,   536 

HeUeaes 

C7C,i7i  ; 

HL 

Hellefptnt  itfj,  a7» 

Helmjidf  6l 

Helmondanus  Andreas     1 16 
HtlfHont  ibid, 

Helfingoburium      .   ;.  .    ^i 
"'     '  1x4,  xi8 


118 

430 

J74 
3y» 

ill 

3y» 

410 

I4(f 
179 

T91 


Helvetia 
Helvnii 
Helura 

Homerft  Inf  defe, 
Hemeja 
Hemingim 

Hemit     ,  3J4, 
Hems 

Hendown         ..;  ^i 

Heneberg  . ; 
Heneiovt 

Henjterbtrg  , 
Henrico  Count 
Henricopolk  Oi  Henry's  Tort" 
59ii  593 

Henry  IV.  485 

Henry  Fort  »?<; 

Hf;<tyfi  Inf  .41 

Hephe/tiades  Inf  1  f  9 

Herach  187 

Heractea,  Heraclia  Z7iyj6; 

Heraclita  492 

Heradian  Ofliarie  464 

f/er<«  /«/".  531 

Herbi-PolU  132 

Herchfeild  X34 
Hercules        27^,183,1x5, 
i8f,4i4,  471 
Hercules  Monad  Portus  241 

HfrcM/M's  Pillars  207 

Herculis  Prom.  474 

HrrcH/tf  r«rr«  488 

Hfwj'ni  124 

Herr/wiin  Woods  97 

Vlercyno  Phordid  128 

Barendal  66 

Vlerentals  iSy 

Hfi  391 

Hemifr^  123 

Rermaa  Prom.  485 

Herffi4»»  ■S'tfXM;;!  129 

Hermanjtein  ibid. 

Bermenltat  97, 98* 

Hermepolis           :  491 

Herwem  j©o 

Hermiones  1^4 

,  PPPP 


HE    HH    HI 

Hertnonaffa  or  HrmM4^iM 

9* 


Hrrn4f/»  jf. 
Hrm  Gruji^r 
Hfr«       - 
Her«i     ' 


»7x, 


}0O 

104 
zio 
34» 

494 

171 


Heron  Inf  its  Campafs  and 
Commodities  375 

Hme»gf«  Bo/c)>  ...  iZ6 
HertogtnRide  ■■':■  ;  187 
Hertiegorina  x6% 

Hmy^thumb  17 

HertiogthuHiblunenhourg  i  y  i 


J  HtrtefovifU 

>     fjhbon 
iiefiod 
tlefperia 
nJfperiJet 
Heffe 

Hepn  •     ■ 
Hejter 
Hetruria 


1^6 
166 

178 
i6o 
279 
^61 

J34 
i3< 

"3»  »33.i34 

402 

xyi 


471 


■^ 


»71, 
2iy, 
488, 


Hetruria,  Floreniina,  Pifana^ 

Senenfis 
Heufden 
iituftperg 

ilewatiy  Uewathor  , 
Heppefenfls  de  l^eweci 
Hexmeli  Wall 
Heximily 
Ueyn  Peter. 
Vihabatb 
Hiachan 
Hibernia 
Bidafpa 

Hide  Jonathan      .,  ' 
Hidekeffl. 
HfdruntUm 
Wen 

Hieracli'Aribi 
Hkropolis  defc. 
Wgh-Lani 
Hikebrand 
\{ildtfheim 
Hthborougb 


349 


Hingham 


Wngedagul  Seiir 


127 
1^4 

"3 

»03 
lox 

i8x 

273 
166 

y  10 
411 

44 
418 
41  f. 
363 

»f4 

44*. 

3  if 

3fi 

37 

"  xy4 

4« 
608 

4'yt 


•,.t 


■-h 


V*,- 


Hl    HO 

Hinhs  441 

Hifparcbut  *4° 

Htppcerates  37  y 

Wj^ura  .\    4*7 

Hippo  Regatta  "''I^j ''^v^Sf 

lAippopttmui  '  *         /fif 

mppusfl.  i66 

Hireus            '       •  foo 

Mining  58 

Hifpahstti  dufc.  199 

Hijpaty    ^09      fl.  417- 

Hijpania  Bcttica  203 

Hijpanit  Citeritr  404 

HtjpaniA  Lufiunitt  Z03 

Hifpanid  tiova  576 

HiiptuiAtbrftuimeiips  103 

Hijpania  Ulterior  404 

Hijpaniola  »93     <fe/<^«  5^4) 

'HifperiA  '  ''*»«3 

Hittow  Redoubt       -     ibid. 

•    ^    441 
440 

438 
408 
397 

,440 

34 

44«^)  44i»  44a 

<o>:3  147 
137 

438,  43 i? 
133 

-57* 


■i-V 


*, 


Hiurea 
HtdigM 
Hoingckm 
Homigtl 

HOfgtA 

fioctn 

Vitekfieu 

Ktinty 

Koeicheti 

Htgi 

Ls  Hogue 

Hoheuftein 

H^je^otteren 

H^ien 

HUit 

Wolt 

tloUtnd    : 

defc. 

ItsCompafs  1^3 

KoUdfiders     their  Country, 

Fbrts  ,  O'c^  inm^  and 

Edfi-lndies  x9U*9i 
tloUand  Iffel  ,»>-*  1 '»tfy 
MtttandSm  ^'  '^4 
Holmia  6i 

H$lmft»dt  MX 


HO    HR    HU 

H$ly-Cr»ft  Conntty  fSi 
Holy-Crofs  Mountain  378 
Holy-Ghtftfi.  J  88 

Holy-head  34 

HolyUnd      343»  3n,  3J8, 

359ii6^i3^i 
Holy  Point  ,  ■  t9S 
Holy  wet       ^/     :  34 

Homaguet  ^^^i\^4*  ^^7 
Homberg  1 34 

Howcr  271,18^574 

Homer  ites  yio 

Hotnile     ^ 

Hmolium  >176.  Ci'»J&'  Aft». 
Hamolus    J 

Hona  Vrov.  438,439,44® 
Hondurar  defe.  584 

Hothtnauls  4^3 

Hmtenjis  de  Sag.  i  on 

Heochfiraten  187 

Hoegjtraten  "  ?     18  y 

Horatii  ~  '"     ayo 

HorebMon,  '  388,389 
Hordes  *»*.     409 

Hor'Mon.  _  389 

Hww  '    '     1^4,  1 65 

Htmando     #  J79 

Horn  Inf.  Vii  ,^.j -^^^i  1^ 
Homfand  69 

Honifound  6i^^6iJ^ 

Hmuns  fi 

Hi^ar     '  -:  3^3 

Hvtcblmg  1^1 

HoufeofGod  a'V.  '  '  390 
H«rt)?,  -  ^i  •>  189 
Hcjr*  .    -i      .     13^ 

Hradifch        •'"-  rytf 

Hradium  Regince  i$s 

mbbede  482 

St.  HuAnrt  -V,-'i8i,  \88 
H«l»ef  481 

f/«ti/e»  ^18,  Sxiy  Hz  J 

Hudfonsfl.    ^01,  503,  tfof, 
611, ^[1 
Hudfons  Straights  «r8 

Huenlnf.  f9,it 

H$uf{A  ^   izx,  213 

Hugb  Capet  19% 

Hugonott  >».     197 

Hwienmet  380 


<'*'■ 


^    HU    HY   JA 

Htttnain  ^81 

Humboffet  453 

Hmgaria  28,19,21 

Hungarian   its.  Mines,  Soil, 
Extent,  Divifions     100, 
MI,  101 
Hungarian  Revolt  143 

Hungarians  57 

HMw^iir/ over-run         no 
Hunget^ort  547 

Huniaaet  ■  97 

Hutmingen  131 

Hunni^s  2^7,  z^g 

Hio»/     loi,  no»ii5,  i88, 
xoo,  21^,  270 
Hbjw  conquered  loz 

HttjjMwg  Pro.         438,  440 
Huffars  ,03 

Huffein  -         .397 

Httjitflff  '       '    \   jg 

Hygmandefe.  389 

HyW«  J«(»f.  258,  J41 

Hydafpiffi.     ::;.        4,7 
Hm/w  X83 

Hydrufa  Inf.  defc,  289 

Uylicx  Palus  279 

H/iBrttw  Afm       278,^41 
Hyperboreans  278 

Hyppobole  i^^f*»8f 

H/^y?;/7«  •  -',%87 

Viyrach  ^'     '  '    *394 

HjTC4»/4  ^5-41 401 

Byftereicb  247 


tAarown  defe.  403 

J  ^4C4«rtf  29^,  4Ty 

J'jFm«4  ;?  .vH  ■- t:.A*«i 

SF-w^JBMCh.      ,Vv     r;^ 

Hk'     -  ^  -m* 

jF<«ri-  3f4>3f9 

:^aeibins  mfapan        44^ 
fatobitos  34i».3Jy 

5^A/er4     its  Scituation  and 
fortification  ;.;«|{| 

5F4ni  » 4^t 

IfafnipatM  '-ftlf 

fagamti 


J  A 


-if. 


JA  m  IC  ID  JE  JE  IF  XG   m  JI  XL 


fsgtLMte  4»» 

'St.'fago  ^66     Chit.  ^69 

St-StgoCompoftella  109 

St. ^ig9  or ^ames  Inf.  SiU 

^47    Civit.  5n 

St.  ^ago  de  Us  VaUos  y?* 
St.  ^Ag»  de  Eftro  Civit.  jya 

St.  ^ago  de  Gaurimala  583 

^agtina.  ^67 

fagm  Lamir  Cap,  f  48 

faickfl'  409 

faicia    its  Scituation  and 
Strength  atf* 

^amaicoInf.i9$  defc.fi om 
$67,  to  f 70 
f-imbsy  417 

^tmbi  t9r;i9tf,45y 

,f  <«ii?/i  270, 173, 174 

^dmbti         ,.  410 

S'imrf  Count,  and  Town , 

yj>»,  f93' 

St.  ^Ames  Bay  y7x 

,f4m«/King      ^i  i   •      44 

fames  Town  yo 

St.  fames  Port  yjS 

fames  ft.  J91 

f*Mgar       -  410 

fankuU  a»y 

fanifiapf  '       lyy 

fanix/tries  ^*>     38  y 

3f««itt*  »7y 

5F<wi*         170, 27  y»  27tf 

fanoua  98 

fanfaudram  Fort  x  9^ 

fanuper  4x0 

5^rfa«*s  Temple  148 

faotbeu  440 

S^tf^s   »9^         f"/*     344  . 
defc  444,  to  ^48* 
5F4^4]i  I>^.  Commodities, 
Coins,  Weights  and  Mea- 

fures^  337,338>3?9 

3F4/rf«  K.  tfi  y 

faptnners,  44y 

J^^r^nTor-.S or  Princes  445 
^-t/viM  .        4Jy 

fipaira  '    296 

3^<i/>rt»i  -!r:"f^*    34t 

fapbet  ■'-'»•  :^  ;  ^"   377 
fapedumPAlxi-  24; 

^a^eline  '        lio 


fajlmic 

■-    -'•      «7 

fafon 

287,  3^f 

fagi  or  ^ilfww                jy 

faffia 

28f 

favd  Inf. 

»93»»9<f,  344 

defc.  4y4,  4yy 

^tfVrfOyfters                4yy 

favan  Mark-PoU  ot  Fen/Ve 

4y<f 

favarianfs  de  Getter     loi 

fdvarin  .  .• 

loy,  no 

faver     • 

lf7 

faieiret 

r  3H 

faiige  fee  fi 

ticxa 

ffVges 

97, 100 

Iberi         -trr 

202,  203 

Iberia 

202,  266 

Iberrans       r 

•        *y7,  »70 

Ibermfi. 

202,  203 

Ibrabim 

3<ff ,  40^ 

Icaria  Inf  its 

CompafSjSoil 

and  Air 

■m. 

ICOTtU 

IceUmd  defc. 

616 

ke-Pcint 

^                       ^21 

Ice-Sound 

ibid. 

Ichnaumon 

49y 

lebnufa  Inf 

2y8 

Icbuglans 

37? 

Iconium 

347,380 

Icofium 

492 

ISliefa  Inf 

37* 

Ida  Mon. 

290,  3  JO 

Idalcan 

494 

Idea  Inf 

290 

St.  Idlfonfo 

y8. 

Idrd 

69 

Idrid 

149 

JdArein 

»3f 

fubtda 

20tf,207,2l3 

Idimad 

351 

St.  fean  iaMaariena  Falle 

238 
fedburg  39 

fedo  .  44y,  44^ 

fegerndorf  1^7 

febanSha  and  his  Wealth 

41^ 
felph^ 
femen 

Stfiiif 
fempterUnd 

PPPP2 


400 
420 


Jimptia 

66 

}na             \    * 

X47 

Jew               : 

ipf 

Jeii^4 

*7y 

Jnj^ia              J, 

43> 

}*«#«• 

417 

Jermanicua 

<fy 

Jerna 

44 

JeroaJUait   ■ 

73 

Jercboam 

iS9 

Jerufdemy  its  priftine  Gran-' 
deur  and  prefent  State 

,  ,      ~       3fP»3^o»3^» 
efelhafti  394, 4io 

efjelmere  417,420 

'09  34»,447,tf»r 

efusl  417 

efuits  ia  Japan  446 

Jjt^fl.      ,.im.   '       m8 
ervr)  3y9, 3^0 

wx  401,403*437 

nr;  Circumcifion      .519 

e»s  their  Coins,  Weights, 

and  Meafures    3  2  8, 3  2  9, 

^  .    ^       330,331 
Jn»j,   their  feveral  Forms 

of  Government,  Capti- 
vity, Return,  and  De- 


flru(^on 
Ifat 

Ifrichea 
Ifriquia 
Igilgili 
Igilium 
Igla,  Iglaw 
Ignatim  Loyola 
Ihor       . 
Jirwin 
II.  Retyro 
Ilerfl. 
Ilibtrif 
Ilippa  Italica 
lUturgi 
Iliturgif 
lHa  Illand    . 
lUerif 
lUiria 
llliricum 

lllirkum  Hedelnum 
lt!:rif 


Illsjl 
I  lUjtae 


if  9 

'     T" 

i  4^1 

ibid. 

483 

-.  227 

214,218 

»i?^.  433 
40 

2If 

i  ij8 

219 

210 

ibid.. 

ibiid«^ 

41 
219 

2^2 

,  2^lV 


121, 


'■I 


122,  146> 
140 
tlhberis 


II    IM    IN   JO 


»)'. 


.  210 

■  fyo 

•    :  »88 

47  J 

J7y 

J  49 

i8  J,i8tf 

49* 

29^ 


Hyheris. 
llmnt 
Hu*  Inf. 
Jlurgit 

Imanovf  Ofera 
Itnaus  Mens 
Imbrui  Inf. 
ImtgiAgen 
Imiretta  defc. 
Imperiale  Civit 

'  Imperial  ftandtrs 

.  Inafl. 

,  iHMchus  ft. 
Imtus 
Inu's  K's  of  Veru 

^.Jncibilis  . 
Indapout 

.  Mm  5 43,' J 44-  Its  Extent, 

Ancient  Inhabitants  and 

Invafions  4^4 

Indian  liles       448,  to  4^0 

htdibilit  ■  213 

hidion  410 

i»dM  ft.       343*387,  393 

defc.  415,417 

Jnfmu  Trj^tEum         16% 

Jniena  "  «  19S 

Jngirland  ,  70 

•  Ingis  Chan  408 

IngU  44 » 

Ingeljlat  1^9 

Ingria  <8,  70 

Ingul  and  Ungul  90 

Ingulffoot  ,       €i€ 

Tnijb  Corfey  >^      >    47 

UifhkiUing  49 

Inn  jl.  I  Hi  140 

Infa  218 

r«/»f  459 

'  Inftrucli  145' 

Infubria  Ldcus 
Infula  Fortunatce 
Interpreters  of  the  Bible  Se- 
venty 493.  their  Lpdg- 
ings  496 

Injames    '  4J» 

foal  i9y 

5m»  the  P«cf//«  </f  I//rM  197 
^eanna^  feannina  176 
^oimaliif.  .^39 


140 

*43 
Z34 

531 


JO   IP  j[R  IS 

3^0*  380 
^tchew  ^'  440 
St.  John  V  •-  .  37  f 
St.  Johns  Fort '  194 
J«*«  Gttrge  Elt^or  o(  Sax- 
ony 1^6 
Jfhnci  Leiden  ijj 
John  S^,tH  Martyr'd  1  jo 
St.  Jtffc)tr  Town  39 
St.  Johns  196 
St  John  Silver  Mines  j  8 1 
St.  Joi&«  City  ibid. 
St.  JohndeUHoa  j8o 
St.  JoJ!»n  of  Jtrufilem  Hol- 
pitallers  f4i 
St,  John  de  Nov*  539 
Jo^«  deCaftro  Ji8 
St.  Johns  f  lumen,  506 
John  Inf.  ,  4J7 
Jfl/  481 
Jombo  4n 
loimnium  Municipim  483 
Imulnf.  41 
Jwiii  447 
Jowex  :  171 
ro»M  34^ 
I«n/4»Iflands  291 
TonuK  Sea  2^9,2' 87 
Jonquera  218 
Jornandes  66 
Jortam  ^yy 
Jo/ir/'6  K.  of  Fft  "  481 
J<>(f;*j  Well  498 
St.  Jofephs  City-  4<Ji 
Jejhua  359 
Jo;?»rf*  447 

jo«M  4yf 

/jprtn,  /j^rM  177 

Ipfwicb          -  6oi 

Iran                     '  3?4 
Ireland  i8, 19,  zx,43>44j4y 


St.  Irene 
Iris 

Irifh  # 

Irelandia 
Iriandt 
Irnia   \ 
Ifabel 
Ifatirfa 
ffchemunein 
Jfthia  Inf. 


1,14 
44)  285 

37,  4J 

44 

-      ibid. 

ibid. 

47 
34<f 

4J?I,  JOG 

2J9 


{/rf>r.  ta»,  itfr,  i<ff,  ,70 
Iff  fl.         xxa,  139, 140 

IJhmaelites  ibid. 

I/Jwtff/  S«fW         393,  3^8 
/y&»f«/ the  Second       371. 
Ifhtnael  Sephi  ^^$ 

Ifidore  no,  yoo 

Ifin    1 -.  13, 

Ifi^  '  4<f4 

Iflands  about  Apa  Minw^ 
their  Map  and  defc.trom 
^373,  to  378. 

Iflands  of  Salt  53  y 

IjladelMVelas  4j8 

IJledeElbe  zzg 

Ifles  in  P4»«^e  104 

Ifles  deLandrones  or  Larrones 

4J8 
i/Ze  Piw  Fragofes         46$ 


Ifmar 
Ifmer 
Ifna    '  ' 

Ifnigimii 

Ifeburgum 

Ifocrates 

Ifola 

Ifela  Bruigala 


348 
347 
494  yoi 
foo 

.347 

>bid, 

Z48 

271 

f4i 

Z89 


//e/j  de  Tremeti  Inf  2  59 
/i^«*4«   195,  2  9(?,  342,344 

defc.  39^^597,399 

Ifrael,  2.59 

Ifralites ,  their  Forms,  of 
*  Government,  Conqueft 

and-Captivity  35^,3^0, 

361 

Ijle  of  France        i94j9tf 

Iffelfteyn  16  f 

liftu/its  feveral  Battles  350, 

^ampoli  zyi 

Ifterfl.  112,  2^8 

/jfrniVrn  Games  281 
J/frw,  Iftrie  2  2  tf ,  2  47,,  t  tf 8 

iftropoliSf  Ifiros.  i6i 

JfiHlM  88 

"^  Jttum 


■             IS    IT   JU 

JU   JW 

IZ    KA 

XA    KE    Kl  ' 

"* 

"ff,  170 

■  Ifttin                 49zy  JO* 

fulium 

112 

K/tnthett                 .      44* 
K*;/V                     *     4J8 

# 

Sf 

■  Jm//<(»  Women           »34 

^ulium  Comicum 

,'.*;» 

'39,  Ho 

■  italUt,                        »io 

^ulivm  VacwiuM 

ibid. 

IC*r4^*^      ^       •.        3^4 

70 

■  iM/r                             18 

fulpba  Old 

4.   365 

K^rafara            .  /  •    jyy 

-« 

3^7 

■  lM//defc.             »ir,»34 

ftUya  lybica 

»i8 

K^rw               .    )fe.    274 
K'rkaUt            •-^X94 

iS!. 

■      Its  Map.                   22  J 

Suietlaon 

433 

■      Ancient  Names       ibid. 

Juncariay  Jun^uera       2 1 8 

K^rs                    3*4,  381 

'■ 

393,  5^8 

■      Soveraign  Princes     226, 

Juvgcheu 

*  '♦*® 

Ktrsbad      jfj             lyy 

■  •:,  .   ' 

'        371  > 

I                                   227 

Staguing 

1  441 

X-j/iin              '       •       19* 

'      S 

3^S 

I   jR<{/7  its  Scituation,  Bounds, 

Juning 

•,.440 

IC</m»».                         104 

'JO*  yoo 

1       Rivers,  Cities,  Language, 

jumping 

"  43S> 

I0«>/                             yco 

• 

'39 

1       Nature  and  Manners  of 

^JutmanPrvu.  deCc. 

438,44a 

Kwl,  K'i$etutn           177 

4<f4 

1       its  Inhabitants,  Hours 

Junonia  Major 

J?^ 

K^'tff"  S#r                 451. 

'  /?»«•, 

1       and  way  of  reckoning 

Junonior  Minor 

ibid. 

ie4#//x               •           4U7 

V 

efcirom 

1       their  Day                254 
1    Religious  Houfes,Hofpital$, 

]upitor             190 

)  343>377 

X*t<ty                           43  g 

Jupiter  Hamon 

488. 

St.  2(,«^4r/»M  Ifle         295 

53y 

Divifion  Palaces       23  j 

Jtipittr   OUmpim's 

Temple 

fO««w                          4y7 

■ 

4f8      1 

Ittranni                       ajo 

277 

Kaufbigeren,  l^/iufburen  139 
tC-^tv/ji                      405 

■- 

22<r      I 

Ithaca  Inf.              1473191 

Ivory  Coaft 

yo7 

104      1 

Itjopiaj  rtjopiawjan        jio 

J«r4,  JuraJJius  Afw 

1.       193 

K^chiOf  H^eliio  defc.        434 

T       *^7        1 

Ituna  9/£ftivarium          y) 

Jurea                  '■ 

240 

Kf/«»^        ^45Mv    '      443 

Larroaet       ■ 

Iturgis  fl.            -'         123 

jM/ii»fEmp.     .'- 

408 , 

I^elmhelfi.      >               35^ 

4;8       I 

TtycA                '     ^'i^-       485 

]u}Ungen 

138 

^m  defc.    ■  ' '}•'    404,405? 

s' 

4(^r       I 

St.  ^uanlnf.                4^7 

Jufiinian  Emp. 

494 

H^emptem  Campidmuni    138 

548       I 

^uan  Fertiandes  Inf.       J  y  i 

Jufiiniona  Primd 

a  74 

Ksmpton                        13^ 

?47        ■ 

St.  ^«rf»  de/  Putero  Rico  J70 

luftus 

116 

1{fnebecli          -   '    •'    tfo8 

1    ' 

»^4  f  0£          ■ 

St.  f  «<tn  del  Porto  de  los  Ca- 

Jutia                .: 

..r     yy 

fCesw/                         4*»  . 

)=oo        ■ 

vaUos                        584 

Jutland         ^,      I 

..  ii;     57 

IC«w  County        y^a,  tfoo 

■ 

'1^7     I 

^uba                      •     48^ 

Juvania 

<    .140 

Xeplawicti  Haven.          5i8 

»bid        ■ 

fucatan               y79»  J8» 

Juverna 

44 

ICfr^w  itf«».        ,;       178 

'48        ■ 

JfaM         .    ';     159,360 

Juxartes  fl. 

4o8>  410 

Krl^Monk         j^,'    374. 

271        ■ 

^uioA  -    U                3^9 

^TKanogoroi 

.79 

,iQ?mo»                       397 

541        ■ 

^udoigne                      184 

I^aan  defc. 

399 

f(j?r»                             yot 

- 

28^        ■ 

^uttna               ^          44 
^^•rnir                            43 

.Kprr;                        jr,  ft, 
K$rs                        50,  5>K 

"f 

if9        ■ 

• 

^^»544      ■ 

St.  ^ues  Mm.              f48 

.   .-r'  .          K.  ■  ■ 

■■•'  m^-'r 

KefetBaJbi        ,    •       398 

7i  399         ■ 

^uga  Afiurwn                zo6 

K.«^er                  ^    '    394 

2^fi»         ■ 

^Mga  Carpetana            207 

"17^  Achemirt 
JV  K^fra 

4" 

1{eteri               -  .     ,^08 

- 

IS    of         ■ 

^ga  Carratanorum        218 

288 

K^tltr                            9f 

queil        ■ 

5t««M                          148 

,10«44rw 

417 

l^ettaleTrei           .'.    4y» 

i 

>  5^0,        ■ 

^Jutland                       60 

I0iit«  </f^- 

.        371 

Keureui                        X04 

,    ,.■; 

5^r        ■ 

Julia  Citf area               482 

J^akrfpalia 

281 

l^exkolm        , , .   •,         7a 

Ta 

\J9S        ■ 

3F»//i»  Count  Bettica    483 

tyalenberg  Mon. 

i»3 

K/*'^^]'         .' 438 

■ 

i(^f        ■ 

St.  Julian  Vort            547 

Xalifh 

8y 

\Sjahvng          r            441 

;>'. 

350,        ■ 

5«i/erx           125,  127,131 

'Xalla 

- J8 

Ki^ngfl.                343, 44a 

•  i 

5f5         ■ 

JtUinum                       1 49 

\aUenherg 

'    60 

X'^'^wtfff^     ,     -           438 

•    * 

27X          ■ 

Juliebena    '                141 

t^allioubicb  Mlnio. 

497 

T^iangnan                      44 1 

' 

a<f8          ■ 

jHliobricA,  Juliobriga    x  i  y 

J{almucli  Tartars 

}6S,  410 

l^ianguing.    ^-     ,^.  ibid. 
,K/^«^A       .  .;  ■  ^.    44«> 

281          ■ 

^IW  u^/C9/«                   34 

jl^/a     HI.        St 

104 

T^8            1 

fuUmC(xf*r         4a'    -c> 

^^lOjfS                          i 

'l^aluja 

■74*  a78 

K;4ir<«/&  ^^,     .).:.    J9o^ 

16%           ■ 

3F.«W»i  iKi^M                197 

390 

i^ibros  Inf^  .;;.          381 

,88           ■ 

Stj^OM  Sntruf.             iS9 

hr*»»  ij'lKjd^mtr    ^-'               4x1 

uan         ■ 

"  C 

..    ^ 

'XT    KL    KN  kN  KO  KR  KUKY.LA' 


K^e^^n  '■'  ,      ibid. 

K/f/.  ^             57 

!(,/f/»;eFort  /.  ,'•    x94 

H^embang  440 

tanning      -  441 

I^if/ii&rf^    ■  490 

f^kfi-Overal  Fort  X9y 

i(?"W<re  /  4y,  47 

l^lktnnyC.  .,^   4f»  47 

IC»/M         ,  »''**^           a<f8 

!0r7/i/4    ^  "•>             yo 

l^Mo  ibid. 

IC««</o»  .  .     .      49 
Kl//«    ,.  *^-^' t^tn-*>'*xj^  ■  j>(f 

tCUtileagb  -     -^  48 

V^ntm  49 

KifMKOt  K/yUO^®• '  In/.  ^189 

^incbeu.  441 

IC/;?jj  County  4f 

IC/»s/4/tf  -■  ••    4(f,  r» 

t^inrjovn  -,        49 

l^ingcheu  ^,:^  44° 


Khgyajig  ,;"439>+4:* 


I(^f»rw  •*'»5       40 

nU'ebei^Aven         •**  '*•''*-*•  f  o' 

ie/<»if  347,380 

l$«wi:'^  ^8j^ 

J^tKumbright  '"'"  -   4<y 

t^trliwal  41. 

l^irmian    3^74.  {f«f<:.  40  j 

i^/ro»  rfe/c.  ^^  .  413 

l^unchevf  •^*  441 

K'<?^  ^V<34" 

iQi^iirtx  of  Avif         ;  '  1 1  i 

iOW*'J"  of  the  Order  .0^ 

<?hrift  ibid, 

^jtights  o*'St.  J<zww    ibidt 

l^ights  of  St.  Johnde  Acre 

37^ 
I^B/gAfj  of  St.  Jo^M  ofjem- 

/i/ew  37<f,  f  4,Q^  y4l: 
I(,ni]^i!'tx  of  Mi/M  48^,  4^7 
lOife*».J'  of  the  TmmtckOt' 

der  131 


Vjiocf^ferguf  'vi^vuv  i  48 

l{jmtfenburg  >vri.|s  x70 

iCnw*;'  Poiw  '-^  "  <5i3 

J^pbitnungtt  *  ii^<i;v  447 

Vsfdgiafar  .>ci  3Jf 

]^A  ,    »?    •   7* 

:K«/<^»^        '    w      '^*'     J  8 

W^mtra.  loi,  xo^,  iix 

X«»«J*«X  _  >      84 

Konigfeek  v    iis^    137 

KjfiHngberti  '^><-^  ^no 

t^HifpotikiiPoliJb  General 

88 


i:•'.^■ 


;{Xn 


i^  .\i?>iii 


■'!.) 


60 
370 

tfo 
'8<f 
123 
196 
144 
ibid. 
104 

xoi 

77 

If* 

ibid. 
98 
84 

390 
1 48 
381 
K'trfi.  3<f3,3<f9,  570,  394 
I^uftrin  148 

lyMthen  .  V  408 

J^utnahora  •  <*'■''•  lyt 

'I(H«e»&«r5  -''^J'^ibid^ 


jK.  afScien 

'Kj'dbatenMm. 

K'^^kebar 

M^tivburg     ^•■ 

t^reifs  -r  Creutx, 

J^emeienagroi 

^tsfempen 

[J^tortfiat 
{iiudacli . 

Ifytiiiftliamnier 
IQtpudan 


3^7; 


u. 


Adr  dtfc. 
Labaik 

tLaberus    " 
Laie*  Kingd. 


-V-* 


»34> 


tt-..K'iv 


402,  403  • 

'     144- 

:  »3' 
^ '  43 


LA 

Ldbfi  r-i,-: 

Labu 

Idbarymh  Egypt 

Lucamoria 

Lgcedomon 

LdcedamonioMf 

\Ldciburgium 

Lacinium 

LkcojUA 

Laflantm 

,Ladeslie 

Udijlatu  King 

Ladtg 

Lddcgd  Lake 
Ladracaru      Y' 
LdfdJU* 

LigAll 

I^anwater     f;\ 

Lmnid 

LdgoiiConu 

Ldgtde  Antacon 

Ldg9  de  Lugdnt 

Ldgmes 

Ldgus 

Lagufd  Tnf. 

Ldhdcum 

ldhet\an 

Ldholtn, 

Ldhor  344^  __ 

tdiaifxoits  Battles 

f^dibdch 

LMl(en  Gate 

•LdUnd 

Ldlibald  K. 

Ldlj  -dM-' 

Xdmd 

Ldmdlmottd  u^.^fon. 

jSt.  Lambert 

'Ldmbina 

\tdtnbrdrouni 

^.diiArt  fi'.^ 

\Ldinbrui  fl. 

timid  2  7<f 

Ldmitid  .27f,   a7<f 

Ldmnium  "488 

\Ldmin     j^^'^V-  t..    Yil 

Lltmpddofd      '•     |8<f,4?7 

iLampin  '  jp^ 

Ldiiidnd  '  '         44JI 

Ukufitr  CoxM.  S9t 

Lancafter 


x«"? 


t96 
381,  391 

49 
343 

79 
284 

*7I,  i8tf 

ifr 

ibid. 

282 

48f 

71 

84 

48^ 

n,  79 

70 

401 

*f4 

4; 
49 

'4f 
244 

fot 

»34>  »4+ 
24^ 
224 

^        289 

'44 

394 

61 

419 

3f<> 
144 

182 

.  ft 

T17 

3^ 

411  • 

h8 

i*» 

28b 

278 

.*44 
ibid. 


4T7, 


59 


LA 


Lsncifter  Tovftt 

Soi 

ianceret* 

531 

lArxUm               • , 

AJ4i 

Larciciit            ■  /  v 

.*y 

Lanciti 

^■'■r.96 

Landen 

'  184 

Landgravedems 

»34 

LandreciiMy  Lundrecy 

1 80 

Ltndjhut      .  140 

Leaafperli        •1 .  ,\.'^  140 
l^nercum            ^  <  .      40 

Lanesbcrow  47 

langacl{tr-S(OKces  1 7  z 

Lai^^nd  i9i  ^^ 

Ungtlnf.  37  J  i 

Ldngrts  196, 

l^ue  dt  Gotb  191 ; 
Languedoe     i  ^ i ,  1 94,  zoo 

Langurfl.  $66  \ 

iMjang  433 

lanigtra  4^2 

J.<{MO  /»/.         ,  188 
y.Anric,'         ...;,•■:,.        40  ( 

lAnjcrcort         "  ;        6i'. 

tantere  459' 

iio  Kingd.  43  fi 

Ltodice,  LtcJhes  353,401 

Lteditea  defc.  3  48 

Laodice Cabiofa  '    $53 

Laen  i^s 

Lapatbay  Lapathid  i?6\ 

LafisL/i\tiU^Mine,  j6o\ 

Lapit  fptcularis  d  z  a :' 

tapiand  6zy 

LapUtadefc.  5Si\ 

Leponia  Dtnmarii  70 

Lsponia  Suecita  69  \ 

Lapponia           '  •        6%. 

Laracht  '  194, 

Liredo  208 ' 

Larel(_  fvf.  ^$6 

iu^.entoqueVcxt  194; 

l.4rt(a  4^0 1 

Lariccho  377 , 

taricus  Lmus  ^.  •.  244  j 

l4l'/M  234 1 
Z.4r//jfi,  Lariiio  dtfc.    27?,,' 

Upt  403 

Ldrrach  472 

Ldructa  Port  377 

ht^nta  Church  1 73   r 

1  ,'^.l^vSs-vui- 


lA    LE 

Ufa  Inf.  defc.  374 

Li^tbi  Mons.       j  r.  tvu*?©: 
UrAo»  /f.  .:v;   .488 

Lstinut  [,  ,*'^^fo 

Latmits  Mons  '.  ^::J%^^ 
Lavsvmynd  t ^4' 

LavMtl  Ofiium  ibid.! 

Ldudicha  cj  ^^^ 

Laudttnum  .,    ^  ^vijj 

Lavermendt  .  ,J  :^  '44 
lAvenhi  .M  :V'47' 

Liver  A  Cru\  •   f8o 

t^uffnit^fi.  •*■' -los 

Ldvinix  tjo 

St  LaureMce  iij.  F/.  3-93 
St.  Lsurente  Ifland  j'37 
St.  LfwrraceBay  ^14; 

St.  Laurence  R.  dt  i : 

Laurentini  25b' 

Lauriacim  143 

Laurigi  tip 

Lauro        .•',•■  I^id. 

Ldursna  ibid. 
LaufannXt  hiujionium    233 

Laufdiin  16  s 

LawFompeii  244 

L*wt«/tt^  Iff! 

Latvenberg  and  its  Dutchyi 

defcribed  113; 

Lavrence  Cajier  1^3' 

L4f«r^ib  391  i 

Ltf«<»'*      ..  3ni 

Leander  272,3481 

Leaotum  ^    .         413' 

lf^«f/t  49 1 1 

Lehadei  2791 

Leca       ■{}?•,.;  2f4! 

Lw*»j  81,87,154; 

Lteii^liim.  J2>,  id8 

Lw  Jt  44»  fi 

Leewitden  172 

l.f^<t  Pe//<i  2n 

if^«  Gr/(4  ibid,  j 

Lfi/'«»'n»  its  Commodities, 
Coins,Weights  and  Mea- 
fures  312,  313 

Legio  prima  TrAjMt  129 
Le|«r»  ^c/f.  2f2 

Leige  >88 

Lfigbiit^  v|  4f 


fE 

L««  .  •   4f 

Lenfler      f  41,44,4 

L«/!/7f  Jt  famous  for  twoBst- 
telsnearit  i47 

t*f»*  ;«V^Jl,  '     3'9 

IMtbUni  "ift       71 

Leimeriti  xff 

Ln»4»  Lake    232,  233,238 

>     ru 

199 

v»       ^         87 

288 

>    13d 

rfp/f.  287, 

,        ^    288 

199 

:•",  TO  J 

.s:'.  '    179 

■*^":  sot 

387 
188 
982 
zi6 

197 
a^f 
280 
28^ 
The 


Lemanxs  Lacm 

Lemavicum 

Letnberg 

Lembro  Inf. 

Lemgow 

Lemnosinf 


38: 


Lemovicum 

Lempta  /    ".•■ 

Lens  4,  s 

Lemulus  - 

Lfo  Geographer 

Leodicumy  Leodium 

Leon 

Lemdefe, 

Leona 

Leondari 

Leofiidaf 

Lemtari 

Leontini  Like    257 
prodigious  Rerenue  of  its 
Fiflitry  .v-    257 

Leopcl  '87 

Leopolds  "Pit  r    ixo 

Leovardum  172 

Lepantiy  Lepanto  defe.    280, 
28  f,  its  Scituation,  For- 
tification ,  Gulph,  Sea- 
fight,  sieges  and  Trade 
.'  280 

Lepanto  Battle 

Lepeday  Lebeda 

Lepcnti 


121. 


191 
4«7 

122 

»78 

487 
217 

212 
283 

i96 


Lepfina 
Liptii    . 
Lerida         . 
Lerma 
Lima  Lake     - 

Lernan  Hydira  

Lero  Inf.    its  Compafs  and, 
Commodities  37f 

Lesbos  Inf  defc.  1^ '  3  7  ♦ 

Lefcare  '  sM^ 

Leffoaj  Lefctvis        .fh^^Wp* 


teJtndLake  »f4 

L^M  Inf.  its  Compals, 
-  Strength,  Trade,  Scitua- 
'    tion  -.    i6$ 

tethfy  Lethonfl.  '*nZi 
Letes-lnf.  •  ^  tft 
Lf'r/'w  C.  ->     ,      49 

LrmwR.        *X<  «.*      47 

Levant  '■'         348 

Leucidtty  Leuus    Inf.    defc. 

LeiUdrum  SS 

,  Leitcafio  Leuetthcon  276 
Ijirinfis  Leutbeon  defc.  ibid. 
IJcucheu  441 

Leuchtemherg  fci   134; 

LeuciLiheri  ''v' •  iz5 

LeucopibU  '  40 

teuctphryn  Inf.  -its  Situati- 
on ,  and  Commodities, 

373,  J74 
3  148 

'■''■''  x88 

279 

172 

1^4 

»83 
4n 
183 

"3 
579 
296 

41 

»34 

181 

joo 

'"'     '  600 

196 

122,  1(^4 

»     29^ 

>':'*:  ^  106 

"-    471 

2t0 

441 

174 

.  17^ 

.34^ 

48  r 

ibid. 


LI 


II    LL 


1X2. 


LemorU 

Leuco/ia  Inf.     -       '"' 

LeuHria.  and  Its  Bat^ 

"Liver dU 

Levejtein        '  "•' " 

LrvM 

Leawaw*  defc.       .  ,^ 

Lnrrc 

hevpesde  Tompict 
Lenin 
Lfifk 
*  L«r/j  Blft.of  Mmfter 
Let/is  XIV.  of  trsnce 
St.  LertU  * 

LewifJ.        •";-"'     ' 
Lexffviorum  Civit. 
Lt/den 
LejfJen  Inf. 
Leytha  fl. 
Lharais 
Liacura  Mens. 
Lidmpo 

Liba  Novi       ^'^^ 
Libidia.      *" 
Libanus  Mms. 
Lrbeten 
LtbophankU 
■Likophitnices     -i^^ 


J-77, 


'V 


48f 
2^4 
»y2 
f87 

»3> 

£80 

*   494 
24^ 

179 
x8j 
128 
i87)l88 
44* 


Libyphaniees 
Liburnidefs  Infultt 
Ltburnut  Portm 
Libya  defc. 
Libyci  .. 
Ueoura  Mbru 
Licurgus  * ' 

Lido  Caftle     .  : 
Lie  flu. 

Lieffienfhceli  Fort 
Liege 
Liege  defc. 
Uencheu 
Liettr 
UfHe  R. 
Liganiufiu. 
Ligerif  fl. 
Ligne 
Lignitx 
Ligvr   , 
Liguria 
Ligurians 
LiguriM  iflands 
Ligurian  Sea 
Ligufticum  Mare 
Likiang       V'^a 
Lioaa 
LiUiVlJle 
UUey 
Utto  Fort 
\.ima 
Utntera 

Limburgy  Limbnrgum     137, 
158,  158,  187 


+4>4y>47 
231 

191,  193 
■-.:       179,  x8o 

*:-  xy; 

19U^9^,  433 
-      '    241 
ibid. 
258 
241 

227 

^.'    ,\  440 

280 

■■•r      X44 

i8j 

i^4iyj8»fy9 


L/>i^<  fiu. 
tinge 

Linkiang 

Linlithqui 

Lint% 

Linyao 

Lienoife 


V. 


217 
li6 
440 
39 
X41 
439 
191,  I94»ico 


•;* 


•314 
17 


Limen 

Limford  Bay 

Limifo  defc. 

Limiffo 

Litnmerian  Bofpborus 

Limoges 


Limfa 
Limfin 
Lime 
Umericfi 

Lin        "fB   i_>-'i 

LiAca,  Line4  '^^'^^ 

Lincing 

Lincoping         '  •  ' 

Lindarv  * 

Lindum 

LindKt 


Ltens  Its  Situation, Weights 

and  Mealures    313,314 

Liparara  Inf  2^9 

^'>'«'''1»/.  ibid. 

Liping  :   --44* 

LippeFlum.   '■      ■»•;•?;  ,jj 

Lipfia  famous  for  two  Bat- 
tles near  it  147 
Lipttvienfis  at.  L/pete  kj  i 
Lire  ...'  ^-  jgy 
Ltrimirif  ^j 

^^fi'  17  6  y  189 

Lisbon  defc    222,213,1214 
Lifbm  its  Coins,  Commodi- 
ties, Weights  and  Mea- 
lures 
Lisbotn 

Lifimachia  '272 

Lijmore  «'  yj 

Lifnagarve  ;        48 

{"'/•"te  /     144 

^'C«  '     2<f3 

\LtJfKS  •  •  '^  i4 

284  I  Lithuania  18, 81, 84,86,89 

Litlandia  „     ji 

Litwiieryt^e  '  ^  ly j 

90    Little  Eag  Harber  tf 01,^03 

y8    Livadia  170,  271 

3  7  jr    Livadia  Lacut  279 

f  40    Lmrfz*  ~     ^     ibid. 

86     Livatli  .  ly- 

199    Livia  '^'^ffn 

5ie    Livonia  ^g 

191,194,  199    Livonia  or  Lijlind  7i,"8ij8j 

tfo8     Livoinv.  Leghorn 

51,52    Livorda  /;r :  rai^ 

218  ;  Li'x,  L/x«,  L/xw'  ^        47* 

^08     IJ^ard 

Li^^a 

■  I  LtanbadernvaHT 


ii8 

^439 


<;8 

■"'■  '■''IS9 
,  '    P  39 


Llanbeder 
Llandaf 
Llant  Elxey 
limfaimn 


-     ibf/ 

,--^ibid. 

■"•*'  '■••    34 

LlanveJI)lin 


IL   to 


#«f' 


■tdivtefhUn 
Utwvking 

Utrdx 

5.>-witr7 

UM4  . '..  -  u:ii 

■;>i%'^V^'^AI* 

UimegU 

:i:.  -34 

blivu 

■ut 

Lly*   Sivdtan 

'   jy 

Uiifimts  of  BtbemUi  iss 

tunit-lnf.  .:ri 

'..V'  -v^Ul 

LMUgbi 

ni 

iar£i*$  fi. 

»r7>ai» 

htaru 

127,  .^S*' 

Ucii  Epicnetkides          ito 

Ifdcrjdd 

»74 

hfrii  Opuntii 

i8r 

lacri  0\el»rtM 

t8o 

hocris^^ 

.  4J4.  i8o 

t#CWf  Ot»/<t  ,1 

c;/;ff:i»77 

Udi    . 

4M 

Udrin  dulph 

atf/,  i7j 

l<gbdr 

310-i  {-.T-'  35 

Ltgnomiit 

«S   ,*If 

Ww  :    ■^'. 

M.      4^0 

Uivfl. 

X9i^-  ij?3 

Lombtrdf 

•■•.V*** 

htmbardjf 

>Vn.f  »3r 

Ifomnd  Lake 

■       40 

hmion 

29,  30,5o« 

hmion  its  Colns^'  Weights, 
\  and"Meaiures    3i4»3if, 

•>i.;o/fl^fl  SI7 
London  Coafl  <<2i 

Lemdon-derrj  ^,  48 

Imgljldnd  X91-  M'-  ^<i) 
.  6li 

tmgford  4f.       Town  47 

IfifigobardU  •\;/«\»2^ 

hfii^uevillS  I.  X95 

htftdufA^  .'Xr:   \4^7 

LofMO<ir  '•;.;!. V    '\     •    •,4«' 
Lormnty ^mdgn  ip,-  lii, 

Ttmfim  D\ike  hh  A^t.  .108 
i^rsfirmm  >s33 

iK>r<iJ>  ,.     S.A4J 

£(0r0i^of  Chappel  in  fkvmt. 

i>or«t*  ;  ■  v*49 

{-wI/Jwi^    Vl  •.«3U;.\:»S4 
I^4nfdntesfl,  .  J*f  ; 


10  tu 

ttfanue 

Lutafh^gftet       r:'/.v'? 
Labdringia  •-  iv. ' 

L#vtf/»r  rfe/c'.       .    \  Si, 

Ltvdin  Git9 

Lwire 

Levtntitidm 

ItHghC 

Irn^b  Foile 

hm^b-Mugh 

htwdi  In^i   - 
iMtrebdnder 


'if 

4y. 


Li^fWdtn  Inf. 

Lugeim 

LuggdH 

Lugo 

Luickeu  .. 

Luici  •'* 

lul4 

Lulu 

Liud  ^.Vfood 

ILwM  Mms 
luhaburgum 
LundcA 


'.^: 


S19 

%ii 

4t7 

lit 

57 
itl 
xU 

\96 

Sf 

49 

49 

J» 

,t94 

6ii 

426 


MI  -  LjY 

Inga^Pdtm  ^t.Hk 
Lugdm  Idcur  -  ■  '.  t44i[ 
LHgdu  »i7,x39,x|4 

Liigdunum,\  xoo 

yig^unum  Bdtdvvrum     'iJ6^ 

'<  -m 

440 


L«4«)fe  its  Coins,  Weights, 


Lminbdurgh 
$6  \twaenbQtqfz 


and  Meal'ures 

Lubliniunt 
Lubomirsfij 

Lucdnus  Lacui 
St,  Lucdf 
tucds  Inf. 
Lucdyd  liles 
bucdj/es  Inf. 
Lwdjfon  Inf. 
Luecd  Rtfub. 
Lucfd 
St,  Luce  Inf: 


318 

483 
8f 


ibid. 


'i.« 


IS 
ca34' 

;'.   •/    -no 

,^ri»*   $7? 
i»7,a3Vj»r» 

J3y 


$  ibjd.    ti^md 
XUiA.  1 1«/«^ 


defcribed    ? 
lufl»ty  Lupoid  fi. 
Lufdtid 
Lti/adiaid 


nA.itVlMcpy 


Lucmburgunty  Lucesburgum 
iy8,  180,  i8i 
Luetridy  Luctrn  .22^,  232, 

Lwefji  JLake  <  vX  j^.r:?*?* 
Luebtemberg  '  '  14*0 
St.  LucidBof  •,  n  r-  538 
St.  lucid  Inf.  ixRtt,;  574 
Lucl^dnier  -■^^..rri.m.f-*^ 
Uuidn.  '  i^x 

Lue'o/i  .  ,, ,  ;Av«s,  •  :4f7 
L«c«;in  Aft'urAwL 

tucwi  Augufii 
Ludevift  Qtns 

^■^'     jy  i 
14^ 


M^»  147 


Lutber  „. 

Lutbetdk  Women 
LutielJieiH    •  «  ,  ,|^- 

£.«t|M  famous  fot*!!;^^^ 

near  it  ^..Jiiia 

L«x«6«r^Aandits,mf^ 


defcrifed 


mi 


l:;*©? 


xr: 


rUud. 

m 

la''*7 

<lqqq        ' 


Lxxtw^. 
Lybia 
Ljcdonid 
Lyctiia  mtns 
ij^abe  .,.; 
Lycbniiui  ^ 
LycbnidiWi.  ■ 
Ly<:bnmtit ' 
Lyctd 
Lyccfolie 
Lycun;gui 

LydU 

Lyon  of  the  Std 


.t:>- 


>•- 


r 


X.Tf  ..MA 

tyferhis  fl.  i#? 

ij^ alalia  Inf.  xt9 

Ijiriufluf  Inf.    its Scituation 
'  andCommoditlin    trit 

^jifanJer        .  v"*  ■"■    »yi 


MA 


»<«  i 


M. 


■.'-tt'., 


»*4» 


joo 

4»4 

442 

J74 
37J 


dele. 


itV 


,P4  'M4*'4 

Huaru  Inf. 

Maearia  Inf. 

'  defc.        37^j>377,  378 

St.  fUcartiu 

MtKii^  196. 

Mu^ar  Gold 

Macofan 
Mkaabees 

^fStiuhnU 
^kamU  ifefc. 
Jmiedmia  prtfrta 

Mtttnta  "'  ' 

Hurmfalnf 
M^mmeftu  Inf. 
9j  Madara  mon. 
lafcar  Inf 

433»  J37,  nh  119 

f4    294.    Inf.       433 

m/4  227,  230 

Mkdrebmba  '''-'  lipj 

SffifdrefpUM  Utti. 

Itkirtd  207>  208.  ddbxt'j 
HMrii  its  Coins         |il 

re  ^  42Z 

l»»if4» 


-vTlij  i 


^99 
Af9 
339 
J'3 

3M 
273 

rt,  21, 

*7<»i  »7J 
»T3 

393 
»49 

3M.39J 

459, 

34 

391 

l9i 

^  274»  4W 

»87,374 
2S9 

2pp 

'      ibid. 
»91,  »9f 

^  13'. 


Af««4»  Sea 

Aficrrj  MM. 

Mkesfi. 

Hujlani 

Matfirtieh 

Mtgadexo 

Mtgafiir 

Haggf 

Magaun  Inf. 

Migm 


iV:  34^ 

Its,  3<7 
4»» 

142,  xxs;  1^4 

•J  J,'        188 
f28 

f37 
47 f,  ^t^ 

4*f 


->■■' 
-»■■» 


MUtburg  and  Diocels  tf 3 

A«^«i«       417,  547,  f4^ 

Magellan  Straits  54^,10  549^ 

M^tlUnia 

MageUantu 

Maggiore  Lake 

I4agint9-   '■■ 
Magi«rdec\    ' 

Maghna 

^agna 

Mtgney 

Mkgnutia 

Mtgo 

Magonttay  Mageuz/t 

M^gTM  yailii 

Magribon 

Magrida  "V^' 

Miuriettn  Inf, 

Mabadja    >' 

Mabamifre  ' 

ATk^M  Caftle 

Mahnms  Civit. 

Mabemet  th«  Great 

M:Awntt  2.         -    »• 

JMki^mK^  3. 

Mabwiit  Fnf     3$),  197,^^ 

.     J^9»  4f  ? 

Mmcnw^x  Tomb         '390 

M»imrtaat  Prind^  and 

ftlgrimages     383,  384, 

"  3^»39o^ 

^'ikmetanipn  34J,344,3»4 
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M^r^ue  Inf.  and  its  Inhabi- 
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M4;«yfe  V  n.v  ^^^ 
Mal($ttiti  ^*  -'  I, J 
M4t(&4r,  Malaver  29  f,  29^ 
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M«/«Afr  Pepper  343»  4J* 
Maku  xii 
Matacea     %94,  342,    dtft. 

Matacha  x^xitv^K:  389 

Malaga  m 

M4Ay[4itfSdtuation,Coins, 

Weights    and  MeaAircs 

318,319 

MiMMUCCO        ']}  ^^ 

Malaya  Fort  i^g 

Mawfftw  '■•"  g'o% 

MaUivesInf  344.  ^f/t.  449 
Matdan  ^og 

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Mateguetti  "^'507 

Malembx  :k.f.^  '"■    513 

Malefiine  a  :  jyj 

MalitHtdtff,  '  -^  >  -  427 
Maltnes  t<3iX  18,187 
Mtf//n^i  Women  187 

Malipur  difc'  419 

Matli  f^ 

MaUatha  196.  Inf.  344 
MaU^  y» 

MaUjans  _  418 

St.  Mrfftw  '   a    19^ 

M</t*4  ?^' •    rj^ 

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Mtltba  Inf.    and  Gruid  Ma 

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M4*l/4/  «  '»'  .4t7= 

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M4lMy-  !■•      ■'■■    .■  -  -^37 

M4«IM/llcitx  492,    499 

Mawada  19^ 

Mmabattau  Jnf  d^.  tn^ 

Mtnajars 


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483 

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Uttnittx  and  Straits 

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M«fj^4f-   i  Lc>.  vmJ<.     J40 
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Mdrii    Sdi^d,   Md.Crttfe^ 

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St  "NLtria  Lauretane  .  249, 

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M«r/<e  Domus  i-^ii )  r  i  ji .. 

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Mdricnif  S6 

Mdrifchy  Udrijb  Ft.  99,  104 
Min/w  ,,    X04 

M«riM  ,  ,  r»x 

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Mar  sen  famemif. 
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Miftat  Saif   - 

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hkaffa  69i 

M^acbufttCilen 

MiljjintSo 

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Mijilia 

Mtffini(f*     484}  4851 

MagipdtMn 

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JMktan 

Mtttrekf  Mitttts^ 

Mttsune 

MiUerdn  Emp. 

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Mmriana  237 


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474 

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114  1  M4iriiri 

391  1  May  Fl. 

538  •  M^encf 

198 

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St.  M4uro  In/,  and  Call.  191 
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19,118,130 

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Mayif  Ft. 

Maiia  ^iver 

Maxachares 

Maxaga  Prov. 

Maiagan 

Maxandran 

M^iavu 

Maxyigran 

Mm  DileRa 

Meaco 


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139 

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481 

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397 

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Vlfiivmatricum  Chi  U4 
hteihlantnfs  Vueatua  243 
MedioUtium  34 

»Ui'flanitm^    Mediofanitm, 

Meiimatriet     .  ixtf 

Mtditer^nean  Sea  344,  34  <;, 

4$  2 1  4<^£ 
Mtdnilii 

Medojlanium 
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yieandtr,  Mtandm  ¥1.  356 
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iW-wtft  43,  44 

M«t;^E.  and  W.  4f ,  4f 
MwM  2  9^,  344»389,  39b 
Mecca  dtfc.  its  Princes  390, 
i     .'391 


MMifttf   • 

Mnba  aH 
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Mecbean 
Mechoian 


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3J7 
182,  187 
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179 


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Mecmft.  ^  433,435 
Mei**-  V'*'^  '^361 
MtielpadU  69 

JiStdmblickaMeimUek.  \6t 
Medes  -392)  402 

.MedfeiU  '-  "  : » •  -  #68 
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Mftfirt  J.94,  J97 

•Medicea  Otns  .  i  1*7 
Meditfm  iRulr.jpJI 

Medina  def:.  344,  3^6 

Mri/M  <fr  /«x  TkrrM  » i  f 
UtdiniftdiuU-  2x0 


3fe£4/;  Chora  defc. 

Megalopolis 

Megara 

Megarica  fexta 

Megarit 

Megen 

Megefwar 

Megies 

Megruda 

Meienberg 

Mein  FL 

Meinaw  Inf. 

Meiffen 

Mela 

Mela  Tapbium  defc. 

Melana  Inf.     ' 

Mtlamholes 

MelanHhon 

Melange 

Melantby 

MtA<f 

MelOf  Tl. 
Melax9  < 
Melcie    . 
Melegi  Fi. 
Meier  Lac. 
Meleffa. 
Meliano    ■ 
Meliapore 
Melibotus  mvts 
Melitta 

Melina       r  •  « 
Melindi 
Mdinda  Caf. 


87 

'    '     218 
97i  98 

288 


374 

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227,  z8t 

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138 

147 
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Mtlittt  Inf.  48^,  f40.  and 
C^ty      ,  ;fi ;         f4i 


Meml    if  rU    ii 

'Memelitim  ^            8  5 

Utnimingen  139 

Mtmnon  40;,  490,  50) 

Mtrajhit  401,  4pi,  4y7, 

MejntlKt  mont  x  8( 

Menancabo         ...  4^5 

Wnayfl.  ,34 

Mendejian  4^4 

MendtJ!du  Princes '  491 

Mendon  ^c8 
Mtndtifi     '.^\  „■     2Z7,x3o 

MeneUus  377 

MwfvAi     ,^..; V, />c3tf 

Mengrelia      :;v,:-^,  ';  4»J 

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MtnoufiA         .;-,;.t':k3^  457 

TSlenraliA  »i> 
R^fW^    III,  xxf,  l»7»  liS 

Aftwe                  ^.>^^  347 

Meoticklac.  89 
Utrctntil  and  Comnio.  47^ 

Mfrc/><t»tx  Ftrtlani  61  j 

}Aercieji«polis  X6i 

Mercury  Promont,  48^: 

Mercury's  Tempi*  igtf. 

M<rditt,  Mtrdino  dtfs.  35; 

M^edin  3]f4 

MwfMJf  L<w.     . '  .  7  4>7 

Mtrgentbtim.  ,      ^  .131 

Wrr^«*«w              ..  ibid. 

UergUnt  410 
AfiTiV*           107,  J79, 581 

Uerindol  Maflacre  x^i 

Meriridida's .  417 

Vleriniarum  Maflacre  138 

Mfriennh  33 

Mertjcb  99 

Mfrit  K.  SepuUb.  497 

f/lerisLae.  490 

>f(fr»  >.       40 

Merofes  Inf.  dife.  37 J 

Mnepm         ,,?^.  .       J*° 
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Mrrx5«Kf;g  14^ 


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AfMU  490 

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AfeiJi?w4  its  Coins,  Weights 
and  Meafures  31^^ 

Meffenia  18  x 

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y^tffmA  d^fCrr-'^^'  .»J<>»f7 

M»fi/rKing  ,"'  '  .,.    430 

mejvinum  IJ3 

Metacmpfi  5©* 

Metittum  "    '.-v "  X4J 

MOAiufire  97  ^  100 

M«rf«r«  F/.  i49 

Metelirte  City  <f*/c.         374 
Mettlm  Inf.  deft.  ibid. 

MtttUm  Inf  ',^,344 

^«*Me>. -,   '  '      4  »83 

M»m        '  x»< 

Mitling  :*'  144*  149 

Mttofj  Inf.  x88 

Mrtre/ecit  .    *   »«7 

Metrenje  Prsitum  X49 

Afrtro  /^.  J       ibid. 

Uartpii  ,;•      .  i88 

Mttubkvris  Fl.  '      .     lotf 

Mevat  .417 

Ifi.evis  iefc.  ;'wv,<*.  J»3 

AlfWi  1x7 

MtufeFl.  If4»i89 

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Mw4rtJ'  J. 1*447 

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M|MCM»i  :}.  T  i*  J44 

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M^^dbur^b 
Meydenburf 
MiyUni     ,^ 

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Ml 
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St  Michael  dt  Cepertux  »9$ 
St.  Michael  City  571,  58& 
St.  Michaels  Church  1 7  jr 
St.  Michael  Fort  541 

St.  Michael  Jnf  53» 

Michael  raivod  of  Falacbia, 

Mithnefs  ^^ 

Miira  J{Jr» 
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Middleburg  1^7,  zy; 


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Middletcwn 
Middlefare  >.. 

Middlefar  SoMXid. 
Middletm 
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Milampodm 

Milan  xx7,  X33    defc  X43 
Milan  City  delis.  x  43 

MUdtic  ibid. 

Mila\\o  and  its  Battle  X5:8 
Mfldwold  I7X 

Miletum  *     xjo 

Miletus  349 

i»fii//<»ri  Haven  -  35 

MiU\igiris  4x8 

Arr*   ,  its  Citadel  6t 

A6'i/4/ii   its  Coins  Weights  ■ 
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Miltm 

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Mind 

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Mindano  Inf 

Mindin 

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Minerva't  Temple  »77»  *7* 

MhigrelU  90,  3>7 

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,  Qualities  3^^,  J^'^ ' 

MlnigrdU  ';* '  •  13  J 

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J(f/no4  iti,  18^,  t^o 

Miner  que  Inf.      '  ilx 

Inhabitants'^*  *    ibid. 
Mhut  x88^  x^o 

Mifutaur  190 

Minfco  ^  '^"  1,>  •^ 

MMtid  mm/  ''  xtf 

Mhdblint  —      .^    ^  41 » 

i»rW4«tt»«'.'*    '-^'^-'*-  3ty 

MMin               '^'^!  m, 

Mirmadons           •^*'.|  27  j 

Mirmex      '■--''.^  ««i  ^87 

MfrmiroUx       ^^  ,'f'    24 j 
Mirobslans    .  "--''^      4J5 

Mtfenum,  Mifnus       '   t  J4 
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'Ki^c/4                     "  147 

Mifrti                     "■  400) 

^//•rW«  '^'^*<}'  ibid. 

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Mitgimur  ''"'       joo? 

'mbridatet    347,}4P,Jfo; 

M/;c»  ^78^f 

Mi\ram  ..   V  49q1" 

Miliar  A  ,  ^''    4^1, 

j»fo4Wte?     ,    •'■''•/.;  35:0, 

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fmfrid  xj?,x3y,  X44 


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fUdfit  Inferitr  »gi 

Mi^i  Superior        t  €€t  td 
M^adw  Inf.  4ii 

fAi^tntiacum        * '   '?  lil 

Megor  4tt 

Mo^tt/r    Countries ,   their 

Commodities ,  Coines  t 

Weights  and  Meafures 


>• 


^3J*»  333^334,  343,344 
M(i|;M//£mpire6rc.  deft.  398,, 
40^,41  J,  4itf,  4t7i 
M(gttntiafM9gufttiteenfit  zi8i 
M^dtcx^  104,  iti,  itjl 
Moldavia     z  8, 19,  94,  3! 3,' 

Moltnga  "':':•«'    4^ 

Mtlimm  too 

Mtlucca  Irf  194,  x?*,  34i». 

344    ^e/f.  4J«,  4J^,4#d 

wioluccat  '   ff4; 

MoImco*s  .  "V-*  jAji 

Molycrium  :}  -•  *'  xlt, 

Mwifctf^e  f 28  Cit.  and  Cafl.; 

,  "■.'*»^4' 
Vlmimies  Egypt  •  '490! 
M<w/«  33  /«/.  41  i 
Mmacbendxm  •     "  i^^ 

Mw«o  ••■^  *'"»4;.^ 

Memtei  Princets  x>7, 

Mwwci  Prhterptttk]      44X' 

Nlm^erium  13J'»»38' 

Menajter  174 

M^ruajiro  J^  jtf 

Mo»c/<xr  .    '*:  130 

M«»f»»te/(«  ••  •  Hvxf4. 

"Mtneta  '-'19  9' 

^^y,  its  firft  ufejthe  moft 
ancient  fort,  Jtsrhrtrin- 
lick  value,  outwsrd  Pdrm 
'or  Charafter  X97.  i§x-t 
IbhtR^iiKreef,  ho#Md-] 
vantageous  ,  and  hovH 
,Tquared  and  varied  29!^ 

,  x^^.  '  Its  .general  maai 
imong  the  Rmatu    19^ 


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f/utfoft 

M$ngs$^ 

Mfin^cmerf 

Mont  Inf 

MonitliHM. 

Monige 

Mcnimoy 

MonmelianMM 

Mmne((edant 

Mono  Emugi 

Monoi 

Mmomotopa  457 


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184 

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166 

497 
defe.  yi^, 

'79 

*»7,  Ml 

107 


'0*  t\ 


Mm/ 

M^itr  Chrijii  Inf 
Mont  Marianui 
Mont  meditd  Mommedi 
Mens  Pyraneut 
Mens  Regiitt 
Mmr  Relaxus        '  ' 
Mens  Santi  mnnoci 
Monferttf 
Mmsferrat 
Monpa  Inf. 
Monjierberg 
Monjiiers  ■  »     - 

Meint  Dutchy  <M"" 
Mm  St.  Julian     ' 
'Mont  Belliard         13  x 
Monte  ih  Centre 
fAonte  d'  Ocha 
Mmtenjts  Vueatut 

Ktntes  £  hs  Mpayarft 
OHtes  Clara- 
Umes  Luna  4(jy,  ^gg 

let  Moiites  Pyrenees       log 
Mentes  Sudetet  i^-j 

Mmteyima  Emp.  ^78,  j8x 
"Montferrat  inf.  •  •  j^y 
mntferrat  defc.  i^SyHb 
Montis  ferrati  Pucatas  240, 
»4y  Its^oil     t4o 


181 

200 

84 
197 

X77 
218 

r74 

XJ7 
.238 
"7 
»J8 

J37 

1J4 
«c^ 
IZ7 
2ii 
45y 


■»..- 


\«1  H 


Mmtmelian 
Montfelgard 
Montpelier 

Mmpefulanta      .  *-^-^- 
^Mintreal  ^•J'^* 

^Wovtrevil  ^''^' '  •^^■' ' 

V&nt\on 

Mhrs  defcent  into^<».  483 
X   M«rx 


J7<f 
238 

40 

»I4 


MtMCflttUcd  4ll 

Kmt  occafioo  of  iovadnfg 
Sfgin  ae« 

MtMriParadife  |(» 

M«rtf  Ort*  I  if 

M«r4£Mx  Tomb     ^r^ ::.■.  41 1 
hlirgmufienfis         1019 1«« 

M«r4X  Battle  X99i»»9 

Mor«r  f n/un  U^ 

M«rtfv4  >{.  I  Sft  U? 

i&ordvi  a  BulgdrU  FL 
JAtrgvi  di  SetvU  ¥l.     ibu 
Moravia  de[c.  If6 

Moravians  ibid. 

Moraut      izx        Ft.    156 
Mordecai  40  > 

Morea      19-,  2'7o>  »8(»  t%t-> 

M«r^tff  3:!&.I  34* 

M«r/it  j„ri>53 

Morgenthai  .131 

Mvrlaix  »'     .1^7 

Morecc*  >94 

M«r^v.«       gdom  474 

Morocco  i .  0 V.  defc.       AQu). 
Morofini  zjSt  177,  »to>&B3, 

»9X 
Horotfm  Fl.  '  .3^3 

Mwro  Fort  >  »94 

M(>rrocco  Littlt  )  47S 

Morfara  '  i  444 

i/lortif-Aii  v-.-^  %9P 

MflT/o*  ,     V-  ■  39 

Mor/«  ly^W^rKW     *  •>  ,.   Ij>l 
Uwvedre  ia3>9>U 

M^/i  f /.  ,  l»# 

MftfCibA  oc  Mi!/c«7»         vi77 
H^hea  .  <.:■        xti 

MifftbiiM  ft.     '  ibid. 

M#r^fvi4  .   7> 

llA^^oiv  its  Coins,  Weights 
'  Meafiires  310 

U  .38^        Blorn    iQi 
MitlliVmhy .  I  Si 

iara  7» 

ifdagOM  .     474>  4S« 

Uniit*H         •    lis 


MO    MU 


Mmia 
\tMlint 
Mmnt  Table 
MMMt  R^at 


4»3 
a  00 


Mountaniers  oi  Apat.  343 
MoujiMiNxof  theGiants  1  j ) 
Mc(Mt4i«/of  theMoon  $13 
MoKAM/nr  ot  the  Sim  4^j 
MflNrf  Fojrt     .  %9i 

Mturgts  ,141 

Mtf/fm/fr  118 

l/Loyimbiiue  Tt7>  I>8 

City  and  Oftle       194 
Mfciilaw  86 

Miubatia  \      47 1 

MvcrF/.  '      J13 

Mn^/  »44 

Mufti  his  Office  and  Efteem 

384,  3?< 
lAvKovQ- Inf.  ti9 

MHldawfl.  ttji  IH 

Mutenbach  $8 

Mulhaufen  131,  14I)  '30 
Mulhufium  13.0 

M«/r4n  41 7i  4'^ 

Mi(/v/«  Jl.  473 

M«//  UAhomtt  ofFei  drow- 
"ued  47* 

MaZ/Xrc^Ke  ibid. 

M«8iM/ex  of  Boi!)ffii/«  ifS 
Mummiot  of  E^)*^  49* 
Munehen  i}9 

Muoda'its  famous  Bat.  a  1 1 
}AMiidirit  430 

Munis  501 

Municbia  Port  178 

Munitk  139 

MMrjfer    43,  44>  i8f      Its 

Treaty<J7,»}»,i34»X3J> 

i4x»  150 
M«rF/.  '    143 

MiflrcM  aiz 

y.uripmts  .  ..,,'  »  I'43 
tii^raFt.  ,.     m4 

.'^i«J"*''y  .«;■.'•.»'  4« 

Hfurtaj  Fritb  ^.^  >.  40 

3ii<rwV  .  ,  4n 

M4r/fon  •,■  »7* 

Mm  Arabic  ajy 

M4itfh*fti**t*  n9 


MU   MY  NA 


Mujcaus  dtjc. 

Mulco  R.  -77 

Mujcovia  defa.  71° 

yMfcorvites  71.  Their  mili- 
tary dilcipline  7;.  Their 
Religion  7 1»7<.  Th«ir 
Patr  and  BiOiopricks  j6. 
100000  ask  i^ardon  for 
their  Lives  76.  Their 
Rivers  and  its  Divifi«Qi 

7< 
tAufctvy  18,  19,  IX,  j8,7a 
Mufionenps  al.iliMui<m  loi 
Muskmo's  .  ^fil 

Mufojatta  /,  4*4 

Mu^elborouib  .    |f 

Mwy/rf/kr  .' ,  ,>,-  i<i 

Mufiopolit        ,  -  xj» 

iAutina  1^4^ 

Mutinous ducam  tSf,X44 

Muxaent        ;  aia 

Huy/rif  418 

Mfcenia  aSf 

Myfeniant  ttt 

Mjeone  inf.  defc.  %t$ 

Mfigdonia  Regit  zfS 

i/ljrit  F^ytoH  afi^ 
Myrmidons      . '  •■  ",    ?<.  *«#t 

M>/rr4  a  84 

lAftelena  Inf  defc.  374 


N. 

FN  HahatbM  defc. 
Nabarca 
Nacbavan 
Nadteaft  deft. 
Nadino 
Hatltrtyck 
Namna. 
Haxrdtn 
Safia^uiA 
Nagaja 

MagAjan  Tansrt 
fiagnata 
Nag<9  Tartarf 
Jmnca 


I 


NA 


} M^rf*'  Nihil      ' 
Nau\ 
Haifuef  of  Muiuft 


Nahifolnf.     •'Vi^'''* 
NatMUr,  N,imurcum 

N4ochan(r    v      '    ,-  j 
Ndnce'ium      iif'arj.  ■ 

Niffty  '•■' 

IV»»cj'' Battle 
Nargeftqui 
Ndngierit 

Nxfiliing 

Nants 
Naparis  Ft. 


4»7 
430 

187 
440 

ibia. 
^  •  ■  ^    ibid. 

X99i  i-i^ 
434*447 
„      '4S0 

438,   440 

,.  ■  :  19* 

8: 


■jTaWe 

N^V4r  Tf).  if/<r.  ^  214 
fiiVirin  New  an4  (Md  »«3 
Piavarinv  •':•        5brd. 


Hxveratia 


V~: 


4«4 


^r^/w  i5»  ijy.  d«Cc;  if  3 

C/v«.  defc.  153.  King- 
.  dom  its  Content  lyj 
N<ip/«  fn/.  If 9 

Naples,  its  Commodities, 
« ^Coins  and  Weights  310, 
S  311 

ivTii^/i  di  Romania  defc.  284 

,  tigpthali  Tribe  3^0 

Narabofl.      ^        xoy,  iti 

tiarxtoke  fl.       .,c        ^599 

.  Narbon,  Narbona  """.''v..  400 

Harbormgh Sit  :^ohn'    ^47 

Narerna   ...^  i6i 

Nartfaans  13^,  141 

N4rw  .K         ^   zro 

Nrfrjf«5«    ••   .■^.     .  .  V4W 
Narfin^^ua       .", ',.  ■i/4»4 
-fiayfin^e  ^iarrtSflds  "" 


->,K' 


«»:. 
>-^ 


Narval  ■■ 
Nas 
Najium  ''• 

Naffaw 

Najfaw  Fort 

'Najfmv  Port 

btaffiiw  Cat\eneb^en 

Naffgavf 

'•Niffivm 

tiitdia  -VJ"?.-.  t. 


Naufchaftd-  ]">V»' -v. ;  ^30 

Hme^jacHt  '         ■4r7>4iJ? 

blauguefeque  196 

Naumbar^  1 46 

NaupaHutHf  NaupaHtcs    zSo 

^Nauptia  '184 

INauplm  1^4,187 

iNauponsu  '  144 

Naufemuni  LoUnt.     _  591 

pianos  Inf.  -       i8p 

Nder-Pfalti  ^'  J»> 

Keagh  Lake        .     .     49 
Heapolh.  ■,  .  /  .     '74 

At'MtA '  .  3  J 

Nebuchadneiiar    3  y tf,  3^1, 

Nebucf^aiono^eif      -  •      y^i 
NecariMFl.  H7.t,xi9 

flecaia  -■.  483 

Necliar  Fl.  .  'jfii,  119 

NecrokiA  •  i*>  »^".w  .  •    -^q^ 
Arec/7(i  Jw]I  ^     289 

Nelfabattes         ''     49? 

Negaian  Tartars  409 

NegapatattVi^  '     195,428 
'^f^'*''*  :* .  419 

Hetotnbo  29(5 
Negrepont  19.  In/,  and  Ci- 
ty defc.  287 
Negrolani  >■'  4^7 
343  ■  Neg'tf'j        "  "rojr,  «io 
417    Negtii  Empirt  j-io 
420  ■  Ne;/ier  Ft.  ^\t  ''  408 
i2<f    HemFl.  ^    123 
j2^     Nf/M  !    a8j 
(ft     NeHemby  Near  ^    45-1 
zjTr*?^    N?#irf4nLyon  "'       28/ 
i?J,i9<(]  Nehiaria  -**  ■   13I 
yo7 :  Nemanfenpum  ,        '     200 
I J  f     Hemaujium  ^  ^*i-  '.  J  W<I. 
ibid.    HemahftM  ^^ibid. 

1^7 XNtngefaque     .    'f  -      443 
394 i|  Nentidiva    *»fe»'»4-.»1 »  ■  . yg 


keocorio 

Netco'oHiim 

Aeomagm 


N'r 


101 


tieopolitanum  d(gr>uw''i'i-6. 

'   '  ':'"■■'  'in 

Heopwtus  '•■V    ,-g 

Neniefiuttt  —  ^Tavv\-,jj 

Ne^tHf  i  v.^/.r      ^- 
Ner<        -' 

Nerid^'i  tlr.^ 

Neri  *:.5U'<: 

Ner/f/V  ;  ^'^^ '/ 

NertHou/itor  Inf. 
Nereberga  13^,14? 

Nert'sioo  Oiurches  zcl 
Nera*'  •  •  "*  - '  ,  78 
Nesbin  \     ,.. 

NefchaHg(  ,:  V'  -  2^y 
Nejhimeneli  .    ^'oo 

Ne/;iLake      -  '40 

NeJterAlba  >      o^j 

Af^y^''/?.  .         82,89 

Nevers  j^j 

HitH  Inf.  defc,       '■ '    .  J  71 

Neupatria        ^    t\  ^^l 

Nett  chateau  3'J-Jivl '  jgj 

SeWburg       f"  jj^ 

NtHfCaJiilte  '    •     4^7 

Ntwcaftle  '•  ■  SUSHP'j  «oo 
HtieJknmarli  i^g 

Nfwtnburg  '  231 

Nhv.Ettglani    29^.     re/. 

Ww  Flufhin^-'mtt  29^ 
titw-fmHAand ,  '293.  Jn/: 
'  •  iijy-  P^.'  iify  Si6 
NtwGktt«hi^      --'--i^^ 

(Niwhaven  '•  >    19^ 

NewbUHfsl    lor,  ibif,  ni 
jj  Ne»  l/oi/<rrf  .       2^  J,  39(j: 


Mil^ 


■vinv. 


les 


r         '^* 

an 

SIX 

^M 
78 

-     Z^f 

6'00 

40 

a  So 

96 
8z,  8^ 

54i,3J'r 

47 
1^7 

f75 
282 
l8x 

•      4f7 

fp",  600 

196 

■  t9S 
\  hi 
>  s^tf 

•if  rt- 


-'^'.■''NE    NI 

Hitf  ^arfey  defc.  i97,to  601 

New  ^arfey  E.  defc.        60^ 

Hew  ^arfej  Weft  601 

New  ^ar fey  Inf.  i9S 

New  Kent  S9^ 

New  Mexico  defc.  j8j 

New  NetherUnd  611 

Newport   "  178,  ^08 

New  Providence  Inf        z9S 

defc.  S75 

Newry  48,  49.         F/.     4^ 

Newjidler  Lake  107 

Newfol  lot 

New    Spain  19$.  defc.   $7$ 

Newftadt  jtf,iio,ii2 

Newfiat  143 

Newftra  a  Signivra.   a,  dela 

yiSioriii  f  8 1 

Newftreet  241 

I^ewtown  ,■         do  8 

Newton  48 

NewTorli  19$.  Vefc.     6ii, 

to  ^14 

New  Zealand  6i^ 

Nexvana  364 

Neytra  FL  106 

Neytracht  109 

ift\avalpincintli  ^79 

Nicaa  240,  347 

Nicaa  Comitat      227,  240 

Nicaa  Foretrefs  281 

Nicanum  Cencil.  347 

Nicaragua  584 

Nic.iria  Inf  defc.  374 

N/iiww  .3  S 

Nice  z 40,  347 

Nicer  Ft.  122,  129 

Nichaa.  347 

St.  Nichols   Jnf  jjy 

St.  HichotiK  116,611 

Nicholf  Co\\oTi.d  6ii 

Nicbor  3  47 

Nic^cles  3:' 7 

.Nicolas  78 

St.  Nicholas  Fort  •        1^3 

N/Ve/o  Port  .  278 

St.  N/co/o  2^0 

Nicopolis  i6i,Z76 

Nicomedes  3  49 

Nicomedia  dtfc.  347 

Nicopui  6t,  <f9 

Nicoping  5  8 

.  A >    ■ 


NI    NO 

N/Vur  .      347 

N/C(5/f4  37<f.  defc.  378, 41 1 

Nietnen  Fl.  .82 

Niencheu  441 

NieperFl.  82,  8<f,  382 

NiejierFl.  ^     Si 

Nieuehe  443 

N/ge6o//3nd  its  Battles  2^8', 

27i 

N/ger  28^,  yod.      F/.  </</(:. 

453,  4<Jf 

Nigritu  defc.  J9y 

Niland  70 

N;7e    ^83,  490.  rfe/f.    4^4 
Nilea  490 

NzVe  Fountains  yii 

Nilui    4^3,  495,  ?oc,  5-12 
Nimeguen  16^.  Treaty  i8y, 
187,  i6;>,  i7<^,  188 
Nimmengen  122,149 

Nimroi  389,  393,  410 

N/wj  49  y 

Nineveh  defc.  3f4,  3^<?j3^3> 

381 
Ningpo  441 

Ningiie  ibid. 

N;«Kj  393,  411 

Niomene  Convene.  3.73 

N/;»poB  44  y 

N/>«  40 

N(/I  •  2S3 

N/y7i*f  3  y  y- 

Nifmes  •      200 

N'i/i  410,  4is» 

N/f«(«  410 

Mr/;  Fl.  3  9 

Nitria  109 

Nitrienpsde  Neyt/acht    101 

Nivaria.  ,     ■  y.31 

Niiiche  '  413 

Nivernium.,  Nivernum    1 97 

Nivernoii  194,197 

Niville  184 

Niulham  4,1 3 

Nixapa  -         ,.j8x 

Nixw  /«/.  289 

No  '  ■  J99 

NoJ*  '470 

No^/'j-  Ark_  -401,  410,  4x6 
Nw/;  and  his  "VVite  364,j6y 
R  r  r  r 


NO 

NohivA  Fl. 

Nogdy  Tartary 

Nola  and  its  Battle 

NoUembourg 

Nomale 

Nombre  de  Dior 

Nonacres  mom. 

Norbo 

Nor.iOpia. 

Nordlinghen 

Noreia 

Norfolli  Ltwer 

Norica 

Noricians 

Noricorum  mons 

Nuricum        ixy, 

Nori-mberg 

Noria^bfrg 


i33> 

13.3' 
123, 

i3  3> 


39 
8f 

af4 
134 

H3 
J6t 
iZ6 
200 
63 

y9i 

143 
143 

U8 


'/ 


Normandy  y4,  ii)i,  :94jt9y 
Notmans  43 

Nort  Fl.  .  .,-   yStf 

Nortgow  ,    X40 

North-Bueland  .    167 

Northampton  .  y 9 2,  608 
Northatijen  x  47' 

Northumberland  592." 

yicrth-JValey  33 

North-ff^  0  f  Amnictt  ^  1 8- 
Norlingen  ■  139 

Norway  18,21,  yy,y8 

Norwich  31,  do« 

Nofenfiat  97  ■,9^ 

Notredamei  Church      175', 

195,196 
Notenburg  70,  yy 

Nb?o  and  its  Scituation  2  y  7 
Ncv4  Franc ia  defc.  .  ^14 
Nov^z  Valanlia.  106 

Novarx  44 

Nov4  Roff?,i  271- 

?Vdv4  5'cot/<f  293.  rfe/c.  ^14 
Novrf  ZemkU  ^21,  623,^24, 

<fzy 
Novellara  247 

Novellaria  Corcn  227 

No^iciRiperiJis     ,  I43 

Novif^^raif  n^ 

Nff.i^ruaiirjfs  de  Ncvi^raff 

xoi 
Novioiur,hm  197 

Noviom^i^m  150,1^9 

Novo^rv.hJl  ;;4,  ?,; 


> 


NO  NU  NY  OA  OB  OC.  OC  OD  OE  OF  OG  OL 


/875 


Ntvogrodt 

Little  77 
Noreenburg 
Ntfereth 
Nubia  a67, 

atfc. 
Nubian 
Nubians 
Nuchal 
Nuit\ 
Numantia 
Numidia 
Numidia  propria 
Numtu^  NtimmvA 
Ntinning 
Nunfanwid. 
Nunyang 
Nuremberg 

Weights 


aad 


Nurnberg 
Nus  Ft. 

Nymphaa  Inf.  defc. 
Njm\ameM 
Njflct 

Nyffit 


7h  7^ 
Great  77 

114 

jo8 

481 

494 

-      4^3 
196 

ZI4 

f03 
48-t 
i99 
44* 

f94 
440 

143.    its 

meafures 

311 

i33»  143 

590 

37J 

399 

70 

181,420 


O. 

OAfis  magna 
Oafis  parva 
Oat  ax 
Obehan  Fl. 
OberSachfen 
Obertriti      .    '  " 
Obraox\a 
Oby   fl.  •' 

Occa    Fl.    ' ' 
Occafacci 

Ocea    '  ■■]  '•  '■   ■". 
Oceania 
Ocean  AtUnticfi 

-i Britifiy 

-iCantiibrian 
fc.  ■'   .Ducaldonian 
-^r. — German 

Myptrborem 

Northern 

' Oriental' 

OceanKi 
VO(hryd(k 


JfC 


5^1 
ibid. 
471 
417 
14^ 

U 
l6l 

19 

77 

447. 

■'■     487 

4<fi,  4^0 

18 

II 

20 

II 

ibid. 

ibid. 

17 

344 

342 

374 


Oltodurtu 
OBt^en  TowcF 
Oc\al{(m 
Ocyacon  Tartars 
Oc\iacow 
Odenheim 
Odenfee 
Oder  Fl. 


123, 


Odera  Ft. 

Oderberg  mtns 

Odia 

Odijche  defc. 

Odor  ft. 

Oedipus 

Oeland 

Oelfe 

Oenotria 

Oenus   Fl. 

Oefcus  Tribatlorum 

Oefima 

Oifl-reich 

OetA  mons 

Oeting 

Ofenburg 

Og 

Ogge 

Oglio  Fl. 

Ogueli 

Ogufian  T<:ibe 

Ogygia 

Ogjris 

Olaba 

Olacaca^an 

Olavan 

Olaut  magnus 

Olbia 

Oleca 

Otdenberg 

Oldenburg 

Otdenfalia  , 

Oldeniyl 

Oldejloe 

Oldfalia 

Oleron  Inf 

Oleron  laws 

OkvpshyO 

.Oliofippon^  Olifippon 
I  Oliva  Treaty 

Oliver  oit\\t  North 

Oliver  Van  North 

OUius  Fl. 


*33 

277 

87,  91 

89 

'  382 

130 

60 

118,  121,  123, 

i4y»  149 

123;  I4J,I49 

113, 

l^f,  196 

.  366 

145,  149 

278 

62 

XJ7 
22y 

I4f 

2^8 
274 

»4I 
275', 180 

137 
139 
3<i 
Ui 
144 

»94,  i9Syi96 

3'  "i 

.4j»o 

4oy 

214 

S79 
214 
6? 
347 
511 

13^ 
5^,  61 

171 
ibid. 

57 

171 

201 

ibid. 

87 
123 

^7 
547. 
J49 
»44 


91 


OL  OM  ON  00  OP  OR 

Olmue^ 

Olmotf^ 

Olmunt^ 

Qlomuntium 

Olomutium 

Olympia 


.,s 


Olympias 

Olympus  tnofis 

Olyftppo 

Omagh  Caftle 

Omar 

Ombri  or  Ombro 

Ombrio 

St.  Omers 

Omir 

Oniii^a 

Ommelands 

Ommiraby 

Omole 

Omouldefc, 

Onega 

Oneglia 

OngariA 

Oningis 

Onoba 

Onvt 

Onoth 

Onsbaeb 

Onfpath 

Onufus   Ft.. 

Onwari 

Ooftergo 

Oojtenrich 

Ophir 

Ophites  marble 

Ophiufa  Inf.  defc. 

Ophra  defc. 

Opinum 

Oppelen 

Oppenheim  ' 

Oppidium  Batavorum 

Oppidum  Ubiorum 

Opuneruin  Regio 

Optu 

Oracle  oi  Dreams 

Oran 

Orange  Fort 

Orange  Prince 

Oranji.e  Principality 

Orunienberg 

Crbay 

Cft/e 


ibid. 
113 

'■^'   ii)id. 
a8f,45i 

^75,i77 

a7f,  37« 

223 

49 
34»,3y^,  3^0 

J3I 
179 
390,  393 
4oy 
itfl,  171,  172 
47? 


»9J, 


27^ 
401 

79 
241 

ICO 

110 
224 

417 
104 

133 

149 
143 

447 
172 

388,  f24 
28^ 
37S 
354 
"471 
157 
130 
169 
128 
177 
2«I 
401 

581 
4f9 

»3f 

201 

My 

97 

230 

OrbtteUum 


OR    OS 


Jftf 
ibid. 

^75,177 
7S,  S7i 

"3 
4i> 
S^,  $60 
Sot 

J3t 

40; 
I>  J71 
47  f 
3-76 
401 

1    7P 
242 

loo 

2iO 
224 

1 04 

'49 
143 
447 
172 
ifS 
J..5'24 

2  8;j 

37y 

354 

471 

130 
I69 
128 
277 

2«i 

401 

45"^ 
»3f 

lOI 

l4P 

97 

3* 


Or&eteil/H^n 

22^ 

OrbiteUo 

*J3 

Orcades        . ! 

41 

Orchro 

69 

Orchont 

152 

Order  of  St.  Brf^/ 

274 

Orier  of  Chrift 

212 

Ortfi^r/x 

401 

Orfnojae 

jtfo 

Orfw/e 

209 

Orf/wi 

59 

Ore/f« 

, 

272 

Orfidefc.     , 

314 

Or^tfTio 

40  J 

Or/|:«i 

4!>4 

Or/gMCMM 

178 

Or/wgjf 

210 

Or/WM/ 

ibid. 

Orivetanum  Territarium  216 

Orixi 

X96 

Orkney 

41 

Orleanct 

197 

Vrlenoife 

•  \ 

»34 

Ormtttd  Duke 

4^1  y  I 

Ormus  i9f^  3^1 

381, 

389» 

19  X.    defc.  40 

2, 40 f, 406 

Ormufta 

40  f 

Orodienfu  de  Cxongnd 

lOX 

Ororuac  Tobacco 

593 

Crontes  Ft. 

3?! 

>  352 

Oropus 

279 

Orofpeda 

20^ 

»  207 

OrpanusFl.  ... 

106 

Orphadefc 

354 

Orphea  Fl. 

28^ 

Onhei 

40 

Orrhoai  defc. 

354 

Orjel  Tnj. 

66 

Orthura 

430 

Onigia  348. 

inf 

288 

CrtijfiM 

2<r3 

Onojpeda 

20^,207 

Ortygia 

4^1 

Orvietin  Prov. 

250 

Orvieto 

ibid. 

Oryffa 

430 

Os  Meotidis 

89 

OfaccA 

407 

OfcA 

112, 

213 

Ofenbrug 

'3^ 

Ofirm 

« 

490 

Ofms 

273 

OS    OT    OU 

Oprk  Temple  f  02 

Oftfmi  197 

OJman  403 

'Ofnabracli_  135 

Ofnaburg  152 

Ojpicos  Fragofft  ^66 

Ojja  fifons  XT, 

OJftfraia  514 

Offvnaora  224 

0/lfe»i  175 

Oflerveyck  i8(5 

O/hn  150 

OJliaries  of  N/7e  4^4 

OJircgotbs  200 

OJirogon  in 

O^w  '  4^3 

Otegia^ac  2 1 2 

Othrys  Mo»s  27 j 

Ottnaefen  171 

Otmagiuchi  350 

0»te»  1 07 

Ottinguen  137 

Ofront*  2f4 

Ottoman  378 


OU  OW  ox  OY  PA 


l^4» 


Or«»i4»  Empire  its  Foun 
dation,  Government,  Ju- 
ftice,  Policy  and  Military 
Forces      378,  37j», 
XHtoman  Royalties 
Ouche  Chilfe 
Oudarrt 
Otidenard 
Otidewater 
Overjlac  Inf 
Overmaes  Inf 
Over-ulac{ee  Inf. 
Over-y^el 
Ovejfent  Inf 
Qvetum 

Ougueli        294, 
Ouguely 

Ovid    268.      Buried  109 
Oviedo  208,  209 

Ouleffer  42 1 

Oulo  69 

Qi/ff  Sceglio  2  90 

Ol>oA»^^«f  471 

Oure  Fl.  44 

Ourfa  defc.  3  5^4 

0»r/^»e  Battle  224 

Ousbec  Tartars  394 

Ousbeg  defc.  4 10 

Rrr.r  2 


385 
380 
364 

447 

176 

I<f5 

1^7 

.If7 

ibid. 

iy8,  X70 

29X 

209 

295,   2  9(J 

421 


Oujiioug 

OvuU 

Owdr 

Ox/bri 
Ox««  FL 
Oxydrachim 
Oxypjrgium 
Oyfier  Bay 


7t 

-     45* 

zoz,  10^,  iir 

4" 

3' 

393>  39+>  408 

4it 

»73 

572 


p. 

PAcand  443 

Pachtlioiitcheuli  defc.}  f  9 
Pachathcoufi  defc. 
PaHoIks  Fl. 
PaHya  Inj.  defc. 
Padan-Aram  defc. 
Paderbcm      izz, 
Vadoua  Vidua. 


fc.i69 
ibid. 

34J>>3yo 
289 


123 


13J 
247 

»3* 
279 
54t 

'43 

S6i 
428 
420 
295 
440 

377 
19% 

45y 
"4,287 


Paapolis 
Vamandria 
Pajiain 
Vtetovio 
Vie\es 
Paged 
Pagothu's 
Val^an 
Paining 
Palapaphos  defc. 
Palapoli 
Palambuan 
Palamedts 

Palatinat  of  the  Rhine  129 
Palatinm  Inferier  Rheni  ibid. 
PaU  294 

Palene  27^ 

Palermit$  Scituation,Buil. 
dings  and  Haven       25$ 
Pales  -/•  »« 

Palejina  $fi 

ValejUne  3(;o,  351,  385 
Palejirina  250 

P<«// Count.  103,  lit 
Palibotbra,  Paltbothaa  43  f 
Palimbam  t90 

Palimban  ^ff 

Palladium  ,   .    |^| 

Pallecate  x^g 

Pallene'  274 

[Prf/»i<«247.  defc.  531,   yji 
Palmiu 


PA 


PA 


PA    PE 


PalnmrFl.  587 

Valmelia  azt 

Valmirx  352 

Valviofii  Inf.  defc.  375 

Palmtree  J73 

Pfhnyrera  Jfi 

PduiLibiirnia  X45' 
Vahnus  Mxoth  90,  ^66,^67^ 

382 

P4»»rfr/^o  Fort  *     29J 

Pamaunfiee  59* 

Pamberga      '1  13* 

VambriotH  179 

PambudikiUji  549 

Pamifus  Fl.    "   '  283 

Pampelorta  214 

Vaviphylia      '  34^ 

Pamportii  144 

Pamyftts  Fl,    '  28^ 

Pan  '        joo 

Panadacia       ' '  '  •    ■    97 

Panama  294 

Panama  Ifimtfi  545' 
Panama  defc.  559,  5^2,570 
Panarvan,  Vanarucan     4jy 

Prf«<:;'  458 

PandaUa  2^8 

P/iwg:  /z£  F/.  417 

Pannonia  looj  123 

Pannonia  Super  iot  109 

Prfaorww  278 

PrfwoiT  491 

Pi^Hi-  Pipe  350 

Vantalarea  Inf.  485 

PrfnrsJJoi  494 

Vanti\apaan-  91 

Panuco  577 

Pifjfwo  Prov.  587 

PrfWttM              '  57  9 

PanyfusFl.      ■  '  zi6 

Vaifiing  440 

Vaones  1 00 

Paoting;-     '  438 

Prf^<«  ^  112 

Fapeberga          >  131 

Vapenheim-  '          138 

Vtipenkems  137,141 

Tapbia  Inf.  defc.  27 g 

VAphia  Cit.  defc.  •      ibid. 

Paphlagonia  34^ 
P<i^;&oj  Nev4  </f/c»  377j  378 

P4fMft  243 


Wpirianum 
PapoKs  Land 
Vapul 
Vara 

Varacanda  defc. 

Paracelfiis 

Varadifo 

Paradona 

Paracopol 

Paratonium 

Paragoya 

Paraguay 


519 
4*9 

3^2 

294 
4ti 
140 

401 

2(J7- 

488 

457 
i94»545 


Paraguay  Rio  de  la  Plata 

55'i>55a 
Paraiba  294 

P^wn^z  551 

Paranda  424 

parapagia    '  279 

Paraymw  ty8 

Partntum  .       247 

Prfrw^o  H»id. 

P4r/*  5^1,  5^3 

ParimeLac.  $60,  $61 

Pario  Inf.  defc.  289 

Prfw  i9<f,  189,  350 

Its  Coins,  Weights  and 
Meafures  ?  1 1 

P4^4^4»  MafTacre  191 

Prfr»i4  19,135.    Its  Dut- 
chj^  244.  Its  chief  City, 
Scituation,  Compafsand 
Populoufnefs    244,  245 
Parma  fan  Cheefe  245 

Parmenio  403 

ParmonFl.  350 

Pamaffus  Mons  ,  280 

Paropamijiis  394 

Pares  In],  defc.  289 

Parottftk  588 

Parrats  6z^ 

Parrots  In f  295 

Partaurings  451 

P<i«^f<t.  '  401 

Picrtftin/rfttx  Temple       277 
Parthenm  24  0 

P4«W<r  394, 395 

Parthians  393 

Parthians  defeated        350 
Paffagardes  402 

Ptf/c<«  38  f 

Pafcatateay  FL  do< 

Pafipbae  290 


Pafjage 

Paffagh 

Pajjari 

Pajfavf 

Palfroa 

Patacees 

Paugons 

Pctala 

Patalena 

Patalene 

Patane 

Patarium 


I69 
208 

»57 
124,  140 

283 

i\6 
547" 
413 
ibid. 

274 

29*,  433 
140 


Patavinum  Terr  her  turn  ii6 
Patavium  .        147 

Pate  528 

Pathenopolis  lyj 

Pathmos  Infdefc.  375'. 

Pathmetian  454 

Patim  Inf  defc.  375 

Patna  29^,  417, 410,  411 
Patovf-mecliF[.  594 

PtftMj  rfe/c.  181 

St.Vatrick  47, 48.  His  Pur- 
gatory  ^g 

Patrovifja  58 

Patuxent  Tl.  594 

Pavaofan  53  y 

PrfVM  2.43 

St.  Pa«/  City  jis 

St.  Paa/j  Valley.  581 

P(Ik/k*  @/€mllut  2 7 5, 1 7^ 
P4«/«j  Samofatenus  351 
Paufilypus  Mens  254 

P/fiy  Battle  243 

Paxfulia  214 

Payfarda  zi  8 

P^)'/  Peter  yip 

Pe/;//V  j^ 

Pechelidefe.  458 

Pecunia.  399 

Pedana  227 

Ptdmontium  principatiu  ii6, 

239 
Pe</e»«  247 

Pedufus  283 

P<Jig4*  27^ 

^fg«  .  1^5,  29<?,  432 
—.ItsCoin  334,339 

Pe^«  Rubies  343 

Pe^«e  344 

Peguntiim  2^5 

Pfi/«  107 

P%-;^ 


PE 

feJiing  defc.    _  458 

Pelagonia  Regio  X7J 

Pelani  ii6 

PeUfgi         '  171 

VehlgJA  i8i 

Vdafgia.  Inf.  de[t.  374 

Pel  teat  e  418 

Velion  Mon.  m 

VcHa  ibid. 

Pelopidas        271,278,275? 
Peloponefas  1 9 

Veleponefus      270,  271,283 
^t'/f.  282 
Pelopf  •  ,  282 

Velnfian  ^6^ 

Pelufmm  492,  joo 

Vefyjienfis  de  Velic^         loi 

Pemberry  600 

Pembroke  33,  3  J.      Earl  of 

Vembrolie  .            43 

Vetnmapecfia  600 

Vendeli  Mo.  ,       178 

Venderrich  194 

Tsnemunde  150 

Vengah  417 

Venicoc^  ^04 

VeHinftUa  on  this  fide  the 

Ganges  .           423. 

—beyond  43  r 

Pen2«'»  547 
Penquin  Inf.  defc.     s^7,  548 

V.enfylvania  Inf.  29 y 
Venfylvania,  dejc.  jp7  to  <roi 

Pentego  ¥l.  590 

Pent  el  it  us  Mo.  278 

Pmmw  173 

Pf/j/B  t^e  i'^or*  132 

PfgM/n  344>4i3 

P«"<t  i7i>*9^>433 

PerathFt:  3^3 

Verche ,  '  :94,  197 

St.  Per^^o  2 1  f 

Veregienfis  deVerit^AX    loi 

Verga  276 

Pergamus  defc.  347 

Per^e/  82 

Vtricoinf  ^$9 

Verigort  194,  199 

Perigeux  199 

PeriHus  258, 

Perinthfci  272 


rr 


I  ptrifcovf  «  ;  4C» 

per«/>  .^  '  "     78 

Permmbuco  <  ,  .  194 
Perpignan  -       ^219 

Perpir>hnun  ibid. 

Perjandt  Fl.        _  149 

Perfepotif  defc.    i's   ancient 
Splendor  and^iches  3  9  f, 
400,  401,  402 
Pery?^     _  344 

Pfr/>iZ_  Its  Commodities  , 
.  Coins  and  Meafures  383, 

,.   .  ,  .331,332 

PerjiA  Its  Emp.  defc.     407, 

to  y^i 

Per^iM  Gulph  34^ 

Per/ian  Sea    343,  34^,  3^3j 

35^3.  3i?^ 
Perjians  342.     Deteat.3fo, 

356 
Perfiam  flain  279 

Pm^  39,  ^03,  tfo4 

Pert  us  F  I.  2x9 

Pfr«  294,  y44>  545,  5<5j 
IJe/f.  yj^  to  jy? 
Peruans  s^^ 

Peru  Kings  ^43,  y 77 

Perugia  249 

Perugianus  Lacus  and  Com- 

pafs '  2yo 

Pfr«  Mines  jyS 

Pfrw/:  249 

Peru/ium  Territorium  2zi 
Peruvia  defc.  J4f 

Pefaro  249 

Pefcarda  Port  2^. 

Pefcenius  Niger  3yo 

PefchetPort  .  390,391 
Pf/?rf<i  79 

Peftenps  de  Peft  loi 

Prt  u4r»kr  <;23 

PfMBtf  247 

Per^/i*  5*3 

Pet  avium  ■     •       14: 

Peww  ibidf. 

St  Peferx  Church  at  Kme., 

its  length  and  breadth 
248 
St.  Pmrj  Patrimony  2yo 
Peter  Waradin  10  y 

Petiliano  227 

PrtoWo .  „        143 


P»    PF    PH 


Ptfrejas 
Petra  defc. 
St.  Perr/ 

Vetro^orium  Civil. 

Petjihen 

PettapoU 

Peti 

Pit\iniia 

Fet\era, 

Pfaffenrvaffer 

Pfreimbt 

Pfyn  Fl. 

Pkxcafa  Inf 

Phttnicia 


4  Si 
298 

2i<f,2yo 


'/ 


Pkanicians 

PhaliirM  Pontis 

Phalaris 

Pharamoud 
I  Pharaoh 
I  Pharaohs  Fig-Tree 

Phare  of  Mejfma. 


J  99 
lis 

a9f 

.       141 

.  78 

ibid. 

lyo 

140 

"J 

289 

351,3^0,383 


203 
278 
158 
191 
491 
ibid. 
2y^ 
2-^3 

349 
2^3,  4^0 

499 


353 
Pharfilian  fields  and  thaii 

Battles 
Phafis  Fl. 


Pharia 
Pharnaces 
P  hires 

Pharos  Tower 
Pharphat  Fl. 

'^lair 

27> 

3^3,  3^<f,  3(f8, 

nL     .     ..  3^i?,  371 

Phentc  Fl..  373 

Philadelphia  f  98,  ^03 

Philadelphica  defe.  349 

Philemon  3  y 

Philip  the  Good  i8o 

F/b//;;!  King  of  Macedomj Oy 

«, ...  171,277 

Philip  II.  457 

Philipoli  273 

Philtppina  4^7 

Philippine  Inf  ^9  4, 3  44,4  5  ^» 

457 
Philipsburgh 
Philipfimn  . 
PbilifpevilU 
Pkilijtins  Land 
PhHocandros  Inf 
Philomela 


philoparmeus 
Phlegra 
Phocas 
Photai  . 


118,130 

4^ 
j8o 

•  189 

28t 

i7t 

174 
3^0 

a7i>  34S 

Pffi.-J-!/ 


PH    PI 

Phockni 

fhcLUJa  Infid, 

Phnbus 

Phole  Mo.  . 

^horonia. 

Pboronexi 

Phratita. 
.  Phraates 

Phrurium  Prora. 
■  Phrygiu.  major 

Pbrygix  minor 

Phut 

Phyle      ■'■  . 

Piitcenxa. 

Piafcus  a  Duke 

Pica  Gens 

Piccardy 

Picbamauls 

Pico 

Piciavorum  CivH 


PI    PL    PO 


101, iSi 


177: 


i8i 

37J 

a8y 
ibid. 

a84 

401 
ibid. 

177 

ibid. 

472. 

178 

a4f 
81 

^^7 

X?4 

45  3; 
98 


^ii  37i  4°2  43 

J  *3s> 

373 

284 

•3^7 

377 

118,  2275  140 

i7f 


P/(?j  . 

Piedmont  1 8\  2  3  {.      '  Dejc.  < 

Piemont  * 

Piergo 

Pieria 

Pigantra, 

Pigiada 

Pigivitas- 

Pigmalion 

Pignerel 

Piidna 

Pilfen 


Pifagard 

Pifiina 

Pifcaria 

Pijcataveay 

Pi  ft  turn  Mare 

Pi/'dt 

Pi/idia 

PifJno 

Pijioya 

Pit  an 

I  ittvia  Pitau 

PithA 

Piiigliano 

Piuacus 

Pitjufi  Inf. 

Fixes 

Pi^ario 

Placentia. 

Placenta 

Plaijance  Bay 

Plaiti 

Planiiia  Ft. 


400 

22? 

2  74 

tf04 

90 

487 
346 

217 
4.17,  420 

8r 

69 

*y» 

374 
ibid 

.    »45 
208 

»93 
123 

2?y,285 


PO 

Podolia  84, 87, 88 

Peel  '\ll 

Poefjk  Inf.  defc.  jyy 

Veittiers  and  its  Battle  198 


Voiiiou 
Viint  Negrel 
Poliatitt 
St.  Vol  de  Leon 
PoU 

Polaguia 
PoUnd 

— Delcription 
— Original 
■Commodities 


194 

87 

197 

247 

84.87 

80 
8i 


" — City  of  Salt  ibid 

—  Rivers  jbid. 

— Garb,  Religion ,  Cavalry, 
Gentry,  Hurf?-;        g, 
—Weapons  and  Divifions 


Pimble  Mere    '  .    .  34  ; 

Pinapimi  4^4  ] 

Pinarolium  240 

Pinarolo  ibid. 

Pindut  Mom  277 

Pinefer  Mens.  141 

Pingiany  439 

F/n/4w^  443  , 

Finnenberg  $6 

Pinela  483 
Pinnonde  Vele\  Fort       473 

Fi«j^/  87 

Piniuria  j  3 1 

Piombino  defc.  2^3 

^'■""^o  447 

Piremont  136 

PiroboridavA  96 

Pirum  98 

Pz/d  rfe/c.  2  J I 


rf3 
UP/4f<«  J  45,  jji, 

Z^e  /j   P/dM  294 

PUtavim  Ft.  281 

P/4;m -  279 

/-/^-o  271,  49^ 

r'laiema's  278 

Plutonium  34.: 

Plit\ee  ;o7 

Plavialie  '  •      5:31 

P/eWii  F/.  ^62 

Plefcou  76, 78 

Ples^aw  147 

Plir.ienburgh  iii 

Tlinies  where  born       244 
P/ccif/eo  a.y,  8^ 

P/o''«  ;     f,g 

Ptuitalia  S31 

Pluitania  ibid. 

Plumbini  principatus      22^, 

i27 

P/«/7o  .  212 

Plutarch  271,279 

P/«to'j  Fane  28^ 

Plymouth  '"     ^08 

Plymouth  Colony  ibid. 

Po  Fl.  49 

Pocomelie  F/.  J94 


— Clipper  and  Lower' 
I  Polecaftryi 
Vol^g. 

PoUgHt 

Polinices 
VoUeroon 

PoUind         '   •■"    • 
PoUiopice 
'oloc\ti 
Poi,oxii 

Polycegos  Inf.  defc. 
I  olybita 
>>  '>'0lycarp 
Poi.ydore  Virgil 
Poma  Cydmn 
Pomonia 
Pompelon 
?cmpelcpolif 
Pomerania  118 


8y 

2J4 

87 

278 

4S9 

273 

24i 
84 

289 
28J 

348 
249 

290 

41 
2:4 

91 

149, 
2  Jo 

^7f,  347,3^^5,  3^9 


defc. 


Vompey    .,,,j 
Vmpeys  Pillar 
Pons  Milvius 
Pont  d'  Effect 
Vont  Fella 
Pont  Molt 
Pont  Molle 
Pont  Vedra, 
Penteba 

Pontick  Cherfonefus 
Pmitum  Mare 


499 
248 
112 

14? 

,  227 

248 
209 

I4f 
89 

ibid. 

Pontics 


^  ' 


P  o 

VtntmViUtt  iS9 

I  ?ontus  34^ 

Pont  us  de  la  Garde  70 

pmui  de  la  Gardit  78 

Pm/  ^onas  ^»3 

?opajam  •  561 

Popayen  5t>3 

Vope  his  Eftates  148.     Hii 
Titles  »4?j  *Jo 

Vopiel  K.  8  c- 

Porca  ■■    .-    *S6 

Vorcelain  433 

Porie/rf«e  ••  •       44° 

P«r«|;  143 

Port  Antonio  f6y 

Portal  Port  113 

Pert  Vefire  defc.      J47,  J4t> 
Port  Famine  !  _  5  4> 

Port  CtdUant  ibid. 

Port  it.  George  5^9 

Vort  J'uUan  defc.  548 

port  Loi/»  IV7 

Port  it,  Maries  xio 

Port  rfej  Jifo/'w  130 

Port  Morant  jo> 

Ptrt  Aom/  $69^61^ 

P«rt  /cnerftf  218 

Vorta  de  la  Plato  $6$ 

Vorta  t  err  ex  271 

Vortele^re  124 

Vortius  Gratia  i^y 

Porto  ioj,  212, 123 

Porto  4'  ^/e  ^  2y J 

Vorto  Belo  Jtf2 

Porto  Farina  28  j 

VortoBetiuio  227 

Porto  Ferruro  227*258 

Porto  Lione  ..         278 

Porto  Lon^tie  258 

Porto  Raphai  278 

Porto  J?/Vo  jgc 

Vorto  Santo  '     x<ji\ 

Porto  Santo  Inf,  j  3  < 

Porto  ie^«ro  494 

Vortq^ueljen  600 

\'ort\mouth  <o8 

Vortugal  18,  I p    Pejc.  221, 
222,113 
Portupiefes  their  Countries, 
For>..s,  and  other   places 
in  the  £rf/i  an<<  ;fe/t-f»- 


ro  PR 

Vvttugues  Lofs 
PortMj  Brittanicus 
Portt'j  Calenfti 
Portiis  Galiorum 
Porus '  eJliriacHS 

ortus  hlercote 
>  ortiu  ^ecius 
Partus  Lauterantts 
:  ortus  magnus 
Portus  Mormorum 
Portus  Pyrtms 
•  orns 
Porus  Inf. 
Pojcga 

Pojtgienfis  de  Pcfega 
Pojen 
Pofna 
ycfon 

I'ojonienfis  de  Pofon 
Pvjjoniuin 
Potaniia 
Potegliano 

r  Otoji 

I'oto/t  Mines 
Poumaron 
Powhatan  F/. 
Poww  Caftle 
Poir^  Land 
•^orvleway 
Ptyentiatanli 
Voyli\i  Mont, 
Powuolo ' 


PR  PS  PT 


4«J 
1^4 

212 
21 

*53 
194 
208 
481 
194 
278 

414,^17 
i88 

idTo,  l6l 
101 

%6 

8y 

lo> 
201 
109 
490 
217 
ffi,  JJ8, yj> 

J43 
560 

34 

33' 
196 

28<? 

Praceliis  Bank  one  hundied 

Leagues  long  43 y 

Pranejie  xyo 

Prttjidium  ^ulium  224 

ftatoria  /iugujta  98 

Prmovitim  Agrippina      i  <r  y 

Pr4^(i,  Pri^tte  117 

Dele.  i?4 

Pr<tg«e  and  its  Battle    1^4. 

?recop  9©>  9 ! 

Preiopenfis  89 

Ptsiopia  pi 

Pregt^iti  1 49 

presbourg  1 09 

Pisbiifgl)  i$6 

Vrejiuine  jy 

prwi/tfr  or  PreJ?tfr  Jo/'n  his 

Donanioni  4i  1, 412,413 

j  Prejjitfnnej  410 

I  Vrejter^obns  Kiogdom  y lo 


Prejfer  Chan 
Vrijiir  ^an 
Peiroiil 
Preveja  Inf. 
■riamam 


.    ibid. 
»47,»7<r 

29J,29tf 


\rime  n/IerhU  Of3ficc',Gieat- 
;  i.i>  and  Power         380 
pritero  539 

Pri.iceinf  5  3y 

Pr/nt/»^<  invented  117,128 
Proibvta  Inf.  2y9 

''  iM.eiheus  S"}*)  3^J 

ProKontorUm  Iceum  1 94 
Promontorium  Sacrum  224 
^^rtmoniorium  Sunium  278 
Propontii  2^9,  271 

i^rojerpines  Fane  29^ 

Pro/n-t  /{.  ,  ,,        8y 

Projtavi^a       ;  268 

Protejtants   firift   fo  named 

118 
Proi^Mce  iy4,  101. 

Providence  .    608 

Provincia  Patrimonia  iz6 
Pruc^  143 

i^rKwx  Port  yj8 

P''«i'«  ?47 

Pr«/7<jf  ibid. 

Prufia  Ducat.  84 

Prujia  Royal  84,86 

Pr«^;^  8 1 

P/4/t^  1^0 

P/*t/t^  Grave  .  ibid 

p}</fit  rf/e  Rhein  1 29 

P/<^/  menittts  491,  49  a 

ir'jammiticbus  49^ 

Pjara  Inf.  374 

» Moriti  Mons  2  90 

i^(yW     .  '   ■>•>    yi4 

P//ra  2.  '•  3y4 

Ptolomaui   the  Geographer 
494.      His  Birth   place 
yoo 
ptolomausLagiis  491 

Ptokmais  488 

Ptolomais  Ferarim  yn 

Ptolomeus  Philadelphus  493 
— I  lis  Library  499 

iHolomies  of  C^^'/it  ten  49a 
Ptp/ow;'  AiUaes  ibid. 

Ptoluniy  ^66 

Ptolomj  Pbrkielphus        3  y  o 


;^V  / 


i>T  "inf  I'v^'fii 

dtl    RA 

R  A    R  I: 

Vhdlen  Jo)f        .-^•- 

13^  I 

^lercetum    _■■•'■■'         180 

R-*/?/;?/;  Mount.    •       <f,  I 

Vtihtng 

4ij' 

•^/ere/,          ■•"  "  194,  19^ 

Rtf//.«W            .,                 ^6^ 

?nHer.!:m 

Hi 

^lejtioy                         x8o 

Ranuian  '     \v^-        sg. 

Vui//Cc*ix          ^'^ 

ibid. 

ii^iincheu  440.    Prov.  44*  ' 

Ra^tafif  ■      V>..    •>     ^ 

\*ttfr  ide  C:r.U 

ibid. 

^uiilingburg                 117 

R4mme{ens           ■'-        igj 

VnhMi                ..W'j 

"457 

^iisr.is                240,  241 

Rampo  Mar, {9                 zy.,^ 

I'ulo  Cacem 

43?  • 

'k.uierquenc         .  .        487 

Rdmpo  Pineto                ibid. 

Vuni'{.i  dd  Einperador 

i'3 

•l^w /■//.{                '"  •     44i 

Ranoi                   '.        410 

Vutjrcs  Ju^ujtia 

8^ 

^ilimarre                    294 

Rantipore                      ibid. 

Viueoli 

Jf4 

^«/7o.i  Crf/J/.               ibid. 

Raperchfwili.                  j.^ 

Vutteit                 •>*• 

I6'4 

•i^iloa     J 17.    I(/»g.    528 

RapersviU                    ibid. 

PKXffrt                       ♦•  ■ 

yn 

^imper  Coremin.          1 97 

Rapboe                             ^g 

VylxCHicit 

3J0 

•^inHmcpolis              1 94 

Rappahanoc  R.               ^91 

Vyla  Hyberrx 

371 

^inque  Ecclejix     112,113 
St.  ^limin                 194 

R4mj:nR.             <r33,  611 

VfliK 

183 

R-i/aM  K.  of  ^rfW/vf  Ilkfids 

Vyleans 

ii6 

•^'/■«t'^;                  441 

„   ^ ,                               449 

Vylus 

283 

«^«'"t<y                   413 

R<fW^                              JOO 

Vyramids  Af. 

344 

^limndiei        .             5^2 

R4/CU                           i(ff 

Vyramiiis  in  Egypt 

4!J8 

«§i«/V/^  rfe/f.                    371  1 

Rafigar    ■          i^'         4^^ 

Gyrene    ■-■ 

•  io6 

^ito          ?y<?,  yyp,  294 

^«M^         •       '         390. 

Pjren^^w  Treaty     ny, 

178, 

^ivirix  defc.               $%6 

Rat  d' Egypt                 49^ 

199 

»J3?> 

^iyang      ,         ^.        44a 

Rathal-Albagb  defc.        388 

Wyreml  Mmes     206", 

113, 

i^ilA    *      *                481 

Ratiajluni                      199 

. '  , .     ,....,.. 

-119 

•^«nti?                          440 

Ratibor                          jjj 

Pyrrhai 

'ns 

n^yanycabamc      •        j'j2  , 

Ratisbone                       J40 

ijfyrrhus              '•   /471 

1*75 
^8j 

.Vi  i-.; ': 

Rattan-Sea              '        90 

'Vyrrus 

- 

Rdtieburg               iSOyiSi 

J?ythagorM             374 

.  494 

R. 

Rat^enmarii  Tnf.             104 

.V)tbia 

28r 

RAVrf                               SiT 

TJ  MbFl.                loy 
JlV.  R<ijt  !»/".             104 

RaveeFl.                       417 

1 

Rdi/ewn^                i 49,  2^4 

Q:       '  J' 

\h.'  i  I 

Rantnab               '389,  391 

Ravensburg.'                  i^^ 

^^             ^-v-     0 ) 

1'      [, 

./?4&  ..'..  ,:•■  a  .. »;    ...     jof 

Raven fperg          V;.   '     j^j, 

f^Uadi 

rS7 

/j^ftit         "         -        471 

Ravejtein              ■         jg^ 

\^^^<^takuumoc 

578 

Racf^^lefpurg               ■     143 

Rdwey  F/«w.                 410 

AlKincheu 

441 

Ritfotii                  490,  yo2 

Rrfw/e/g/;  Sir  W  no.  ydo, 

^ungfi 

438 

RadsmAtithus        288,  2-0 

J^i,  592 

^uno 

447 

RadicofanJ                    252 

Rayimalara                 484 

^urifi  Prov.  defc. 

442 

RadnieFl.                    149 

R«ie                             51^ 

:<^xnfin 

440 

R^rfnor                33»34,  3y 

Reading              y  •■      <;o8 

^antung              43 

8,441 

RadolpbusE^d              117 

Re4/eo                   t         jg4 

■^uretaro 

.519 

Rafriftiue                       $06 

Rebbata  a  S.  Tria.         3^1 

J^iead^           1 

433 

Rag  Point                   ^15 

Rebecca                        3  ^4 

^ebec 

^93 

R'^^f'f  3^4'    defc.        404 

Rebujan                        4  if  8 

^itbech 

614 

R-z^etti                           *9 

Recbberg                        j^y 

f^iedelingburg 

152 

R<i^ot>"  Prince               loy 

Redaftim                       z-jz 

'  ^eenborow              ? 

8y 

R-^^^'A                    18,  19 

Rei-Heads    .'          ••398 

*^eens  County 

4f 

R4^m/*  defc.          •       2(^4 

Rednhi-FL              133,138 

^^eensTowti 

-.     4^ 

Rajapotir                        42^ 

Rfii^M  381,  38a,  390,4^1, 

^eincbeu 

438 

Rit/d'j-defc.            4^1 7»  419 

5^tf 

^elpueres 

445 

Ralnero                      -    274 

Rei  i-kw^j    .  •            41 

^itmoy                 .. 

438 

Kalisanabsj                  487 

Ret  r«/.                    -201 

/ 

Regensber^b 

KE    RH 

Kegensbergk 

Reggh  ;, 

Rr^ia 

RegU  Alter t      '    ' 

RegiUiatiKi 

Resit 

Rtgium  Lfpidi 

Retn6  di  HApoli 

Rch(Aoam         » 

Rejjfokr 

Re  inert  ^ 

Renfrew 

Rennet 

Rentburg 

KefMsk^  Oftrd 

Refcht 

Refem  Inf. 

Refidium 

Republica  Genuenpt 


( ,' 


140 
»44 
i^9 

43 
167 
1^6 

144 

»3r 

174 

4P 

197 
n 

79 
3i?4 
X96 

JOI 

141 

Refpubtica  Lucenpt  117,2 3 ^ 
Refpublica  S.  Mtrini  117 
Rejpublica  Feneu  ii6 

RejUhowA  78 

Revenge  196 

Los  Reyes  yj? 

Ke{4n  7f  J  78 

Rhamus  394" 

RbmtiA  133 

Ri»e«/  130 

Rhagum*  391 

Rbaumata         "  3^3 

Rhamnut  278 

H^i/zi-  387 

Rhaiundii  defc.  401 

Jl/be  F/.  7<? 

Hi^M'j  Temple  36  ^ 

Kilff^tf  43 

RW<f  13^ 

Ji^egfo  ijy 
Rhegma                 38^,  391 

Rheimes  196 

Rheineck  130 
Rheine  Hinder          ^,    xn 

Rheneia  Inf.  188 

Rhenen  16B 

Rhenus  Anterior  111 

R/;en»i  Pojieritr  ibid. 

R^enst  F/. .  ibid. 

Rfee^ifw  7  3 

RW^/4                   *  45 


RH   RI 

Rhine  Ft.      iii.ifti,  i7o» 
189,  »ij,  »3x,  ff3 


Rt   RO 


«** 


I? 

280 


Rhine  herder 
Rhium  Prommwinm 
Rhon  3^4 

RhonT  ibid. 

Rhobogni  43 

RAoirt  ■  ■   2l8 

RhodaniaFl.  193 

Rhodes  344,  f4o 

Rhodes  [nf.  37! 

Rhodian*  103,118 

Rhodiginum  Tenitmum  xi6 
jU)odope  ,    218 

Khodui  Cit.  defc.       "'    371? 
R/»(«/ki  J»/!  ie/c.    its  Com- 
pafs,  Soil  and  Air    37^, 

57<f 

Rhtne  Flu.  i^3,  233,  yi3 

R^o/(r»  F/.  231 

RhojneFl.  234,138 

Rhotomagus  19s 

Rhufuccora  -  481 

Rhuteni  73 

RhynFl.  121,124 

RtAlto  m6 

Rib  A  Curtia  214 

Ribagorca  ibid. 

Riben^al  SpeHrum  i  y  y 

Richard  1,  378 

RidolFl.  3y 

'^'ig*  7f 
R(g«     its  Commodities  , 

Coins,  Weights  and  Mea- 

fures,  '      322 

Rik*  381 

Ri>n4  29<( 

Rimini  149 

RimoCaJlri  279 

L((  Rinconadi  y8o 

Rin^ei  ^o 

R/o  194 

R/e  Demardry  i^y 

R/o  Efequebe  Fl,  ibid. 

R20  Grande  4^^ 

R/o  ie  /<f  H^c^tf  y^x 

Rio  Janeiro  19^SSS 

Rio  de  los  Infantes  ^6  y 

RioS.fuliM  y47 

Rionff  F/.  3^^ 

R/ff  OWQ  yoy 
Sfff 


Ri«  PeamaroH 

Ripaile 

Ripen 

Rtphaan  Mo. 
Riphai  Montes 
Rijenbirg 
Rifienfis 
Riffadirum 
Ritburg 
Rivadeo 
Rivan  defc. 
River  Horfe  Fl. 


2i» 

ft 

iir 

xoi 

•    ^^l 

i3<f 

'      3<^* 

Riviera  di  Gentua  2  j  y ,  2  4  < 
Roin  ipy.     Its  Coins  and 

Meafures  32* 

Roanofyi  y9» 

Rofc/n/o«  IT.  Efa;  4^ 
L4  Rof iifff  <n  Ardenne       181 

Rochefort  182 

Rocj&</  i^t 

Ro««  yf7 

Rcfroy  18  J 

Rodamtu  Fl.  129 

V.odanum         *  x^T 

Rorfc  /»/.  <ro8 

Rode  le  Due  x87 

Roderick  204,  xo? 

Rodefte  27 1 

Rodtlphine  Branch     "     141 
Roio^lr  If 

Roderick  K.  of  Goths      483 
"Rodojio  tjt 

Roefield  6t9 

KoerFl.  121,  itfj 

Ro^^ic^ow  gtf 

Ro^4/  ie/f.  3y^ 

B^ohandrians  yjg 

KolandBeU  ijf 

Kolduc  1.87 

Roman  C/V.  flain  lyo 

'^omandiola  21^,149 

RowtfTiM ,  Rometia,  Romeli 
270,  271.  Defc.  282, 
283.    Its  Soil  and  Air 

171 
Romania  18,  2 &^ 

"Romans    21,  iiy, 215,3^9, 

RomtiRx  200000  flain    lou, 
Ro7;;4R/  def'elted  2  yoi 


■.\: 


"^^ 


f 


KO 


RO    RU    RY    RZ    SA 


,4r 


Kpw^wx  their  Com*  199-, 
,.  300.  TreatUry  3«i 
;.  Weights  and  Meafurss 
. ,'  301,  301 

Rome  135:.    defc.  148,  249 
/towff  its  Coins  ,  Weights 
and  Mealures  311 

RomtUi  381 

Rona's  Root  3^5,  397 

^onee  yxUes  Battle 
RoHeiglme 


V 


>x> 


Z>0 

61 


'•i^  tt 


Rofano 
Rofat^  Rofes 
^ofchibt 
— Treaty 
ktfcommm  Q,  4^.  Town  jo 
kofetta       _  I 
Rofettt      ^'' 
Rojienne 
Rofmanhaum 
Rofne    193. 
Rofs 

R^anum 

Rojft  .^ 

Rof^tts^  the  Stage  player  his 

300 
7<f,  78 

74 
410 

3f4 

133 
199 

1^4 


4^4,  joo 
450 

87 

40 

F/.   200 

40>47 

*fy 

7^ 


'i 


dayly  pay 
Rofthou 
Roftocli  defc. 
Rojtof 
Rotor 

Rotas  difc.  ...  '^ 

Rotenburg         "      '  ' 
Ratenorum  Ci. 
Roterdam,  Roterdumm 
Roterdam  Fort 
RoteviUtt  ■ 
Rothentarn 
RDthes  Caftle 
RotbomaguA 
Rotterdam 
Rotweel 

Rotrveil         '  ^ 
Rotwiel 
Retijioeli. 
Rffven 
Rovergne 
Rovigo 
RouJiUo*  defc. 
Roujfy  Eaildom 
Rvpply 
Rwana 


130 

103 

40 

I9J 

121 

ibid. 
230 

If  I 

ii)4j  i^i? 

147 
219 
181 
<fo8 
i73r 


Roxburj 

RoxoUni  ''\' ' 

Royaleti  .,  ^ 

Roy  d'Tvetof    ,^. 

Rokelgate 

Ruba  Fi. 

Rubricat  Fi. 

Rubricatus  Mela 

Rudulphus's  Table 

Rufifqus 

Rugen  Inf. 

Rugen-PTall 

Rumelia 

Ruos 

Rufeiln 

P.  Ruperts  R. 

RuraFL  ;. 

Rurenond 

Ruremcnda 

Rufaceuran 

Rufader  Rufadir 

RufcAur 

Rufcinum 

Rufcurian        ..   . 

Rufibis 

Ruficada 

Ruficibar 

Rufipifis 

Rufpina   - ,     - 

RufsFl. 

Ri^es 

Rujfia 

Ruffu  Alba     ' 

Riiffia  the  Great 

Ruffia.  Nigra 

Rufubi 

Rufubitieari 

Rutubis 

Rutuli 

RuygenhiU  Inf. 

R^xdium  Prom. 

Ryffel 

R^ecycb 


\i. 


S.' 

A  an  Idol 


I  Cj  Saal 
i  Saara 
I  Saar  lorn 


39 

60S 

73 
H3 
195 
391 

8z 

»17 

48^ 

JJJ 

^9^^^95 

118,149 

149 

»77 

•  ■.■\'  3^7 

....  JJ'S 

*  .1  *l* 

I<?9 

•^  ,   ibid. 

482 

473 
48'^ 
^l9 
482 

47«? 
484 

■^i 

48J 

232,233 

410 

18 

ibiff. 

.     84 

475 

483 

475 

it6i  2;o 

JOff 

i7y 

85 


i 


.\ 


491 
244 
386 
126 


K 


SA 

Jrfitf /»/:    3R9,  J74.    rfe/f. 

*9  J 

^•4^4  de  Val  defc.  404 

Sabaadefe.       ,„,,-,        389 
Sabaria  ^,  .,      109 

Sabata  '  389 

Sabathra,  Sabatra,  Sabrata 

487 
Sabatia      '^. 
Sabatta 
Sabaudia 
Sabaudia  propria 
St.  i-^fci/i 
Sabeani 
Sabina 
Sabina  Terra 
Sabioneera   its 
and  Gardens 

re  Sable  Point 

Sableftan 

Sabou      196. 

SabuUnette  Dux 

Sabur  R. 

Sacara 

Sacathay 

Sacathy 

Saccai 

Sacania 

Sacer  Luctu 

Sacber  Inf  defc. 

Saehims         j^i,  5o8,  €09 

Sachfen  '  "     147 

Saeyon  zix 

Saeyia  ijy 

SadeUi  zg^ 

Saffa  ■     ,  47  J 

SaJiron  ..--  •■■■;■     349 

DeSag  101 

Sagamsrs  ^©9 

^4^f/  483 

Sagium  "  i^y 

Sagorienfis  de  StUia        joi 
Saguntiim  203,211 

Saijala  4^5 

i-tf^/rf  497,  498,  499 

Saint  es  i^y 

les  Saint  es  Inf.  z^z 

Saimoigne      i^i,  194, 199 

J'tf/O/A  447 

i'<«»  49Z 

Saivin 


2yo 

389 

237 

ibid. 

Jio 

2  25 
2fO 

Scituations 
254 

24f 

573 
394 
507 
227 

471 
49<J 

394 
410 

447 
282 

91 

374 


Saivin  '.      I9f 

Stl         ,  ^               119 

Sain.  141 

y<:/«F/.  ^              113 

saUdo  R.     ■  -'           yyx 

Saladine  360 

SaUmarca  ii6 

i'aUmirm  ^76 

SaUmine  ibid. 

Salamis  ibid, 
i-rf/iw;;  7»/.  and  City    288 

Saltfti  zj? 

Sdntii       -  2t4 

SaUumbronj  aiy 


Salda 

Saldnba 

sale  Fl. 

Saleh  Sutun 

Salem 

Stlem9  ■-■'■ 

Silin 

Satirue 

salines  Port 

Salhburgum 

SaHsbtiry 


482,  483 

f  00 
"-,'    608 

•  "  •      I2J 

PS,23J>,  240 

377 

•   '       140 

31 


SaUaiienfis  de  Sattawar.  lor 
SuUyoTSale  471 

Salodorum  230 

fi/fHtf  .227,280,281 

Defc.  2^3 

Salonicbi  defc.  274 

Salonichi  Gulph  ibid. 

j'ij!/<tf  219 

Stlsbury  €oi 

Salfula  1x9 

Saltpetre  Hill  4^ J,  41?^ 
Saltus  Cajlulonenfs  207 
6'(:/t?'<i  Fl.  123 

Saltyich  Ft.  140 

Sm\bourg  i3j»,  140 

Salt^burg  loy 

tfit/tf  "        47 1 

Salvador  j^i 

St.  Salvador  C.  $"22.     /«/; 

f7y 
Salvager  Inf.  jy3 

Jtfiwe  239,  240,  137 

Saluces  199 

Salvoy  111 

Salute  1^9 


Salutiarum    Marchionaiia , 

Saluiio  ,    239,  240 

Saly  469 

Samara  •    '         409 

Samaria  3f?>  3^° 

Samaritans  3^9 

Samarobriga  ,    Samarobrina 

i}>4 
Sambal  417,420 

Sumbos  45^ 

Sambraca        .  218 

SambreFl.  ill 

Samen  sn^  u^ 

Samian  Yeffeh  37  y 

Sammachi  defc.  372 

Samogittit  84,  87 

Samoides  410 

Samora  104 

Samos  City  dufc.  .  374 
S<«»iOJ  Jny.  i/e/i;.  291,  34+ 
y^woj  Ztj/.  its  Compafs  374 
Samofatha  35"  2 

Samot brace  Inf.   "  288 

i'rf/wai  or  Samofcb  R.  99 
Sana  F  I,  232 

,San/i.i  ,390 

|i'<«ff«rrf  '^'       198 

15'«nfl'rf  C/rfJ***  -'       f  38 

SanffaCrux  474jJ74 

^<i«ff(i  Cr«!t  Jkfitrj,  f  30 

i'^H^tf  Domingo  Inf.  293 
SanHa  Fee  5'jr2,  y84 

i'rfwff^  Lrfwre  i*fo»r.  274 

ji'iiMffrf  Martha  $61 

SanHa  Maura  275 

Sandaliotk  Inf.  25:8 

Sandava  98 

Sandivalnf.  432 

Sandomierti  8f 

Sandomira  ibid. 

Sandport  187 

Sandy hoolyji  .    _       ^03 

Sandy  Point  '  '  5:73 
Sandwich  '      608 

Sanevenin  200 

Sanghuar  Capt.  40 

Sangiaciis  3  y  i 

Sangiacks  Htigemnet  ox  Sa- 
line 380 
Sangiar                       ibid. 
Sanfalvitdor  ccy 
Sf'ffi 


S  A 

S-tw/oo  4.U 

S4«t<i6rttitf  i64,i<JJ 

Santarim  224 

S<i«ee  K.     "^  '  59 

Santiago  Port  '      5'5 

Samerum  Civit,  i99 

Santulit  ,    iStf 

San  rincente  294 

Saphxon  .  '      393 

Stf//*!  3^7 

Sapotes           '  223 

s<x/:pb  374 

Sarabat  Fl.  3yo 
S«r4ce>jj        270, 5^0,  38^, 

387 
Srfrice*?^  difcomfited  .  197 
Sardinia    18,19,22.     Iw/. 

J3J.  rff/c.  2f8 

Sitraednea  "  '^>     393 

Saragoca  '\    213 

Stragolfa  '    207 

S<r4^e  38^,  387 

S<«>'4w  ^       252 

Stfr^raf/S*  ';      i2tf 
Sar<r                    >     '•   394 

S«rcfi/e  483 

Sardanapalui   349>3f<f>393 

Sardtgna  258 

Stfrifc-  rfe/c.  347 

Stfrrfew  /«/;  2  J  8 

Sar/fonicus  Rifui  2j8 

S<ire  f /.  125. 

I.<i  S<zreH4  ,       .  y  y  I 

S4rg,:cw«j    '  '  •    .     790 

S<irg<znj  230, 

Sarienjisde  Sari^  10 1 

Sarines  jf7 
Sarmarchand  defc.  4io,'4ir 

S'armatia'Jjiatica  408. 

Sarmatia  JjJaticli  ^66,  371 

Sarmatia  Europa  7  $ 

Sarmatia  Eurcpxx  91 

Sarmata  124 

Sarmatians  97 

Sarmatici  Monies  123 

Samaticum  Mare  89 , 

Sarmium  iQdl 

Saron  Gulph  il^^ , 

Sdroj'  Bp«ti:  43' j* ; 


SA    SC 

Sdrvitx  ^'' 

SarungA 
Sarvfdr 
Dt  Sarvtar 

Sanuna 
Sa/fimage 
Sulfifio  Inf. 

Sajtjiiejhmough  R.          J94 

SJtigan  4» » 

Saualia  549>3Jo 

Saturn  Z90 

SaturnU  "'  '       aij 

Sdvj  404 

Srfvd^e  Coaft  j«o 

Savana's  590 

SivAria  ^              143 

St.  S(tV4tiM  188 

S4ve  F/.  260,  a^i„atf7 

SdvMxR.  47  y 

Sivo    142.  Iw/.       zptf 

Sttvolay  70 

8ivon4  241 

Stfvw  i8, 19.  defc.  23^,237 

S<t»jomf>urg  134 

Sduvsy  defc.  404 

SavtaFl.  r  01,1 22 

S4^/»,  j'tf^.f j  j'tfiK,  S4ve  Fl. 

ibid. 
Sixtfwiw  487 

Sdxenhaufen  1.33 

S<ixo«  LawenhuTg  i  J 3 

Ssxon  Heptxrchy         21,22 
&IXWJ  fj 

Srfxon/   i^,  II?,  134.  P^c 

I4<f,  147, 148 
S^j'Srwife  ^08 

Srf/^o^f  447 

Scabaik  214 

Stabalifc'tu  ibid. 

Sf^evo  273 

Sf  tfgf »  r.8 

SU/tfPort  37  J 

Sealdia  167 

Scamino  and  F/.  279 

Scandaroon  ie/f.  jp,  3jr3 

Seander  ^69 

Standerbeg  2^4,  273 

Sander  ic  4p^ 

ScMdia  jp 

SsdndiMvU.  iH 


SC 


106 

Sc.tphups 

230 

447 

Scarborough  ' 

«o8 

109 

ScarpAnte  Inf.  defe. 

37f 

lOI 

Scarui . 

290 

104 

SC4W 

f8 

241 

Scedafta 

»79 

200,201 

Scempjat 

3J» 

173 

Scejia  Fl. 

244 

Schaffhaufen    229,230,232 

ft^'"    L-Jf  ^^'''^^ 

Sfbamaehtt  dtfc.  372 

Sc/^Jrrf  nfctfr^  ^7 

Scbecmajhe  272 

SciE^e^erefN/  .    380 

Scheisburg  97 

Scbild  R.  17^1  189 

Schelling  166 

Schemnit^  J09 

Sc^Wf^  .JrtMt  170 

Scheneberg  M. .  123 

Schenifari  Fl.  ^66 

Schenlien-ScbMnt  112 

Schetland  41 

Sc  beveling  1^4 

Sfiey/i  F/.  104 

Sebiahraiur  jytf 

Schiedum  161 

Scbiesbourg        ^  j8 

ScWwji/>^  112 

Schinta  j i 3 

Scbinufa  Inf.  28^ 

Schiovonia  %6z 

Schiroi  defe.  398,400 

Scbironides  Kupes  til 

Schirufitim  400 

Schirvean  324 

Schlavonia  i6o 

chlefien.,  Schlejtngen       157 

ScWe/?rf4  1 81 

Schletia  t6 

Sebnehet^  113 

SciixiOTifr^  D.  .47 

Sf^OBfn  J  5 ,  6Vf,  f  9,  ^i,  I  yo 

Schonhomn.^  Si  htnhovii:   16^ 

Sebouton  J47 

Schorven  167 

Schremnit^  no 

Schut  Inf.  104 

Schwaben       131,13^,138 

Schwanberger  Albin        1 23 

SchreArtx  Fl.  xjrfi 

^(hwartiburg  147 


»3» 

MI 
»I7 

'3J 
ii8, 


SC    SE 

Sebwariimburg 
Scbwstt 

Schweianitx 
Schwerin 
Scbwinfort 
Scbwitierlandt  defc. 

Sebvfuters  11.9 

Schyrgcbatb  T     491 

Sciam  353 

Scimta  "      49^ 

Sciatbut  Inf  288 

SciburgiuM  ^g 

Sciltaro  '        25  g 
Sfw  287.    /»/;  344-    i>e/c. 

c  •*•  374,383 

Scipio  486 

Sc/rox  288,  U4 

Sc/rfVM  ij'4,  2tfl 

SclAvonU  18,21,112 

Defc.  2<ro,  2(fi,  381 

SelAvoHiA  fropru  260 

Scodra  264 

Sc<ij//w  288 

Scepelius  Inf.  ibid. 

SfW/rfni  37,  43,  18,  I ^»  a o, 

21 
Scots  ,  37 

S^oNcm  349 

Scudari  xg^ 

Scupelo  288 

Scupi:  1^7 

ScrutAri  347 

Sc>iM  274 

ScyllAB.upet  '     257 

S^tAw  73^j7i^j^5 

Sf/t^w  Mrr*  C;*  /jrtrA  Imaum 

407 

SeytbiAH  Cberftnefuf  89 

ScytbiAns  57 

ScythicM  Pontua  89 
Scytbiutn  Promontorium   289 

•Sm  e/£gM?i  |g 

-^Balticf^  l^ 

— B/^tf^  18 

-—Euxin  ibid 

• — Fretoji  ibid. 

— Mdr  MAggfore  ibid. 

—-'MArdiMArmorii  ibid. 

r—Mart  hymen  ibid. 


SE 

StiMirt  Vrofomit  iS 

'■^Afediterranetn  ibid. 

— Pslut  MeotU  ibid. 

— TariM  ibid. 
— Jl^ite       ,          '    ibid. 

•—Zabaqtie          ^  ibid. 

Seaconf^                '  tfo8 

SeatrBiy  J  4* 

j'fiie  3  8  J, 

Sebdl^t  f  01 

S.fidi/f*  36tf 

Sebajiia  jjo 

St.  Sebaftixn  io8 

Hebjjlian  Cabot  ibid. 
St.  Stbafiian     and    Silver 

Mines  581 

Stbafiiopolif  347 

Sebendunum  218 

Sebenico  defc.  i6^ 

Sebenit  joo 
Sebenitet  >  -  492 
Sebennk                 4pi,  yoo 

Sebennitian  4^4 

Sebesliares  Fl.  X04 

ff&tt  K.  414 

Sec/iavi  x  43 

SediFatimi  '  40f 

Sedumm  233 

Sffi  Sha  404,  4oy,  417 
S-egrfr  R.  J 49 

i-^ffcfrt  J  7 

5ygei/  104 

Seielmeffa    .  J04 

6'egefwar  98 

S€ghex  Inf.  defc.  374 

Segsdttnum  199 

Segontia,  Stguntia  xi6 

Secontia  Secuntia '  ibid. 
SegontialaHa  ibid. 

Segolia-,  Segulia  1 1  f 

Jtgor  5'egre  F/.  ,117,118 
Segorbe,  Segorveh^obrega  213 
Segovtfus  190 

Segovia  207,215 

Segrjia  New  453 

SegofvitxA         -  261 

Segnra  de  U  Froniera  y  8 1 
Seguftntu  MarchionatM   239, 

240 
Segufturh  Segufo  140 


SB 

Le/  i'e/c^pj  rfr  Bitbar/    487 

Seidtfchecber  349 

Seididag  174 

SeiUaFi.    '  '  "     ii6 

SeinFl.  Jjf 

i"f/iie  F/.  193 

Se^v^w  .  .  143 

SeUvgar            •  ' '        ^ 9 

Setburg  61 

Seleuche-^elber  352 

SeleuchiA       jf:,  3^2,402, 

410.  Pe/c.  3y^ 

SeUucm  352,  3^^ 
Jf//w            3y^3?8»403 

6'e//»i  Emp.  493 

'^elimbria  272 

Selimui  fecundtts  374 

Sell^irfi  39 

Sella  471 

i'f/w  293 

Selimus  the  Firft  3tfo,  3<t4 

Semana  SilvA  124 

Semenaut  491 

Semendera  167 

SemigAUi  8y 

Seminaut  joo 
Semiramit  3  .y  ^,  444,  4 1  £ 
Semlyqiiienfis  die  Semljn  loi 

J'e?i4  294 

5'f»f/(i  F/;  244 

i^i^itf  fix 

SendrickMaL  4y3 

i'ewe/  xRo,  X84 

i'ew^tf  4^y,  yo<f 

Senega  Ft.  293 

Senenjis  227 

i'fMergd  Gallic  A-  213 

i'e;^/M  y47 

i'en/ii  253 

Senigaglia  249 

i'ew/^  196 

5'e»n<«  Kingd.  '513 

St.  Senodius  Monaft.'       y 02 

Seno-GaKia  249 

i'e/'/ii  Afiw/      .  286 

5'#  97 

i'e/'rewz  CrfjJr*  ibid. 

SequanaFl,  .<       X93 

Seraglio  384 

Seraglio  def<<,  171 


SE 

'Tir*/.  408,40? 

5'rri;«r  an  Idol  4^' 

5'ertfpjr  Fane  4^8 

Strafk'%  Temple  390,  500 

5'rr(/nf  2tfi 

5'frM  407 

Sereyina  241 

i'erfo  /»/.  X89 

i'ergm       ^     '  38  J 

Serigippe    '  '  294 
j'fr/«i  Count.  loy,  i:2,xx5 

.Jm»t/  Fort  xof 

Serinfvfar  i  x } 

Striphoi  Inf  .289 

Sermien  2^0 

Sernefe  394 

^Sernge    ,  420 

j,S'<r/^tf»/o/n/".  289 

'  ServiA  18,21,38^ 

ServiA  defc.  if 6 

ServiA  Maritima  ibid. 

.iTervi^  Mediterranea  ibid. 

SefiiariA  473 

jf^w  '  272 

Set  ju 

S«t^/4  itfOAT  2c;o 

Setines  -  -  277 

Setubal         -'  224 

Setuval'  222 

Sev^gi,  4'/v«^x  H/yJ.        42  f 
Sev4/j  Copties  491 

Sevenbergen  i6S 

Les  Sevemes.Mont.         193^ 
17  Provinces.    Vide  ,  Lew- 

Ccuntriest 
Seven-Wolden  X7x 

Severiana  349 

St.  Severine  2y4 

Severn  R.  34>  594 

Sever»4  3yo 

Srjierf^i  84 . 

Sev//  </e/c  207, 209,  2 xtf 
Sev/'/j  two  principal  Coun- 
cils held  there  2x0 
Sev//j  Commodities,  Coins, 
Weights  and  Meaf.  323 
Sevo  Monte  70, 123 
Sew<t  yxx 
Si?x,  Sexifrmum,  Sexitanum 

1:1% 
Sej/nan  Cxx 

Sasfaeioces 


SA    SF 

SH    SI 

^affacisces  Men. 

190 

Sfejii^rade 

273 

Shi 

39s 

Sha  Abbot 

3^5 

Sha  Sefi 

3^4 

aha  Sophi 
Shabxjh 

39J 

flO 

Shannon  R. 

44,47,Jo 

Sbapor 

420 

Shamelj  defc. 

35'y 

Shat 

3S7i  511 

Sheba      ■ 

389 

Shera^ 

400 

Shetland 

-    ss 

Shew/t 

-   '    P8 

Shic»e 

4^3 

Shihbor 

SiS 

Shinar 

410,  414 

Shirley  Sir  R«tf«  401,  404 
Shirvan  "  ,  '  394 

Shotland  .  41 

S^oKi'e  44 

Sh'^ewsbury  '    ^04 

S^WtR.  71 

S/4W  z^z,  t,^5f,  zp^ 

Smw  ie/tr.  433 

^iam    Its    Commodities  , 
Coins,  Weights  and  Mea- 

^  fures  33^>337,33?>344 
Stanguung  440 

Siaphas  dejc,  400 

Siaua  Inf.  z88 

S/fctf  417 

Siberiti  73,  79, 410 

SiamhiA  107 

SicaniA  .*?7 

Sicinm  .\  ibid. 

S/V<?e»  .  184 

S/ci/M  z  z  ^,  z  3  f .  (fe/f .  z  f  <5 
S/a/y  18,19.  defc.is^yti? 
Sicorif  Fl.  Z17,  zi8 

S/c«///  ■        Z5'7 

Sicyonia  zSz 

Siderocapfti '  174 

Siedcnburgi:!*  97 

Siena  defc.  zjri,  Z51 

S/er«;«  1 1  y 

S^a  Sierra  ff^ 

S/'erw  <i'  (d^  Anurias  Mon. 

zoff 
S«rr(t  rfc  AlrarM  z  x  3 

S7Vrr<2  Le(i»4  Afon.    4^jr,  4^5 


SI 

S/eyf-i  Aib//«tf  Mon.  *07 

S/eJ-r^  Moxena  'Mon.  i^jid. 

S/err/Z  tfe  rorw^f  Afo».  *  10 

Srfan                    ■  ■  43? 

Siga  481 

SigumPA  Fl.  3^^ 

Sigan  439 

S/^e/?(:tt  394 

Sigetenjis  de  Si^ygeth        10 1 
Sigifmmd  66,  96,  *^3 

SignoraAnna  li? 

•  Siguenca,  Siguenxa         *  i  ^ 
Sw«  3^0,  361 

Sihor  463 

Silejia  8t.  Defc.  iy7 

'Silijlria  z^8 

SilvaDucU  186 

Silvane^iw  196 

Silvx  Nigra  ■  izz 

S//vtf  Turingica  i  z  4 

S/Zx'er  Sterhng  its  Standard 
Meafure  2^7,  31  y,  and 
proportion  to  Gold  198) 
zp9 
S/Vvw  ZZ4 

Silvefter  the  Second       zo^ 
Sitnidro  167 

Simeon  Tribe  3^0 

SimigienRs  de  Zegrai      loi 
Simmerfnaven  61 

Simon  Stevinus  164 

SinaiMons  388,38.9 

Sinai  Mount  Arch-Bilh.  498 
Sinamm  z^f,  ffio 

Sincheu  440 

Sindar  Fl.  •  417 

Sindiques  238 

Siwer^  3^4 

Singdmum  Z67 

Singilia  ziz 

S/»*gOm  25?tf 

Sinne  Ft.  184 

S/w/e  rft/f.  347 

S/»rrtf  207 

Si«A\r  Corii'thiaciis  _z8o 

S/«»5  CrifuM  ibid. 

S»'fl«4  Gangeticus  4Z  i 

Sinus  OpuntiuA  z8i 

S/M»i  Perjicus  587 

S/Kw  Thermaus  Z74 

S/wf  Thetmmui  ibid. 


SI  SK  SL  SM  SN  SO 

S/eor 

Siphanto  Tnf 

Sirad,  Siradia 

Siranafiar 

Sirejang,  Siriangh 

Sirajtia 

Siriam 

Sirmienjti  de  S\erem 

Sirmifch 

Sirmium 

Sifgifmund  K. 

SiMan 

Sifopa 

Siffex    . 

Sitones  % 

Sitten 

Sitt  ia 

Sivoli 
'  Siut 

[ivfits  3^ 

Sixtui  the  Fifth 

Skillpot 

SkuVkill 

Slany  R. 

Slaves 

S/e,*  K. 

Slego 

Slefveicenps  J). 

Slefwicli 

Sluc\li 

Sluys 

Smaluicli 

Smilder-Veenen 

Smith 

Smiths  Inf. 

Smiths  Sound 

Smoleuthj>  .  7^,77,81,84, 

26 

Smyrna  its  Weights,  Coins, 
Commodities  and  Mea- 
fures3z7,  328,  344,347 

— Scituation  ,  Strength  , 
Trade  ,    Populoufnefs , 


»3J 

443 

289 

419- 

43* 
418 

Z96 

101 
l6t 

ibid. 
81 

394 
261 

ibid. 

xos 

66 

^33 

47  <S 

roi 

.347,3To>38o 

yf4 

^99'>  ^X)o 
44,47 

58 

49,  fo 

56,  57,  y8 

ibid 

izz 
;         no 

171 
V:     <fi8 

6ii 

6il 


Air,  Plenty 
Sneecfi 
Sn-iyfi  Mont 
Snowden  Hill 
Soali 
Soafne 
Soba  K. 


348 

I7Z 
123 

SS 

418 

ii>8,  200 

Seb^inM 


efft 


^U 

443 

289 

419 

43  i 
418 
3.S6 

lot 

ibid. 
8x 

26l 

ibid, 
tog 
66 

^n 

,      475 

!     sot 
3  f  0,380 

S99 

^99,  6x)o 

44>47 

58 

4P,  fo 

^>  f7y  J  8 

ibjd 

8<r 

(far 

81,  84, 

26 

Coins,  ^ 

d  Mea- 

K»347 

fiiefs , 
548 
J7Z 

5f 

418 

>  200 

f'MtU 


SO 

Sobietslii  ^obn 
Hobietsii  K. 
Sobrarbia 
Socal  * 
iocanix 
Secheu 

Soccnufco  ■'■ 

Socrates 
Socum  R. 
Socy)ua,  Scc^ovt 
Soejt 

SofaU  Caf. 
Sogala  K. 

Sognies 

Sobam 

Sohar 

Soijfons 

Soland  Gpefe 

Soldin 

Welfare 

Solii  Ofpidum 

tulms 

Solomon 

Selotnon  Inf. 

Solomons  Temple 

Solon      i7i,z88, 

So/or 

Solotburum 

Soloturn 

Soltwedet 

Solva 

Solveay  R. 

Solifel 

Solyman  i8a,i8y, 

Soljman  the  Firft 

Selyman  the  Great 

Somerset  R. 

Somerfet  Count 

Sonde  Inf.        344> 

Sonde  Streights 

Sonderovf  ¥l. 

Sondrio 

Songoro  F/. 

Sontba 

Soptftpa 

Sopers 

Soph 

Sophi 

Sopbid)  Sophie  y 


43* 

8z 

96 

Z14 

80 

401 

439 

-        583 

271 

^66 

96 

127,13^ 

234 

J24 

408,  3^4 

183 

'      380 

i9i 

191 

41 

35* 

24J 

498 

13J 

380, 389 

2?4 

31? 

377,  494 

a^4, 196 

23X 

%2P, 230 

J48 

144 

37,35 

148 

311,403 

347 

379 

35 

S99 

454,  45J 

454 

400 

234 

4x3 

224 

427 

tfl2 

2^7 

.    395 

ioJiA  defc. 

268,381 

■        so  SP 

Sophia  Mof'Jiie       . .       271 
Soph  una  3^5 

Sophonesba  4*^4 

Sopronienfis  de  fopron.       i  o  i 
Sou  *  420 

Sorcit  di  Taraone  495 

Sorft  417 

Sor/fZ  214,231 

^cronam  295' 

Soj-/«/.  ,  282 

So/To/'o/i  273 

Sovabe  13^ 

So«Mi/  '5, 59»<'2 

La  So«r/V  SeuriSian         3  y  1 
So«/«  4?^ 

So«/?fr  402 

South  BeveUnd  167 

Southampton    Harbour^  be- 
'^veen Page  574.  and  J75 
^Somh-Wdes  33 

S;^  188 

La  Spachia  Mont  290 

Spahan^  Spaharvn  defc.  399 
Spahi's  385 

Spain  18,  19 

S/'rfi»  defc.  2  o  2  to  2  o  7 

Spala^o ,  bpalatim  defc.  262 
Sprfnwrrfj  defeated  487 
Spaniards  difcover  America 

544 
Spaniards  their  Countries, 
Forts  and  other  places 
in  the  rre/i  and  E<«^  In- 
dies Z9^j  294 
S;fl»(/fe  Fort  i77 
Span'jh  Inf  293 
Spanifh  '  Netherlands      defc. 
174,178, 183? 
Spanifl)  Piovinces    i8,  ij9 
Spuntalui                       232 
Sj'-irM                           284 
Spartans  defeated 
Sperrver  a  Ship 

ipinalonga  Fort 
S/'/Vf  117,121, 

S/i/V/n^  Bay 

Spifito  fanSlo  294,  4<f  j.    R. 

52y 
Spitsbtirg  6zo 

Spoleto  lyo 

SporadetInf,  i8p 


SP 


ST 

F/.  123,  14* 
572 


Sp-ee    123. 

Sprights  Bay 

Springfield  6oi 

^uabang  ibid. 

Squabeej  ibid. 

S«i^>  ibid. 

Stadthonft  16 1 

Stxcades  Inf.  201 

S^ii^/^rij  274 

Stiiin  109 

Stalamine  Inf.  281 
— its  Mineral  Earth     28? 

Stambol  271 

Stamphalia  Inf  289 

Sr(Z/jcor<j  fn/  37 f 

Standi  a  Inf.  291 

Sf<«Kte«  127 

Stantira  274 

Startf  68 

Staracbino  27  s 
Swre»iier^/;  the  Count   142 

Stargari  1 49 

Staten  Inf.  6ti 

Statira  402 

Stato  detli  PrefJdi  io6 
Staverea,  StaviOj  Stavoidia, 

m 


279 
443 

173 
291 

54: 


Staurobates 
Steenbergen 
Steenwycii 
Stego 
Siein 
Steirmar\ 
Stella  Mon, 
Stehial 
Stenia 

St.  Stephances 
Ste'^hanopQlU 
Stephir.  ;7.  V\ 

St.  Stephens  Convent 
Sterling  Money 
Stertiingen    . 
Stetin  118,123,149 

Stetinum  149 

St.  Steven  del  puetro 
Stihes  . 

Stilico  "i 

Stillenguea  \. ;    , 

Stir  id  123. 

—Its  Marquifate  dele.  143 
Stirling 


414,  4itf 

lis 

171 

6t 

145 
4J 

350 

Jt.48 

87 

272 

98 
III 

3ir 

H5 


579 
278 

201 

134 
141 


V 


ST   •;;• 


-    ST    SU 


Stlflifig          .  39 

Siivii'  178 

^obi  173 

Stocli^hotm  '  68 
— Its  Scituation,  Commo- 
dities ,  Coinsj  Weights 

•  '  and  Meafures  313 

Stelberg  1 47 

StolniBiogrU  in 

6'tolp  7-9 

Stenhon  608 

Stono  R.      ;.  -  J  90 

Stora          ^  484 

Stomsren  $6 

Stomtaria  ibid. 

^trabkne           '  49 

Strabc  341 

StradiNuava  141 
•ytw/tj-  oi  CaffA  or  Wrj(fwo 

^  i8 
-—-C Altai  of  Mar  tMgiore  ib. 
— Cimmerian  Bofphorui  ibid. 

•^•Conftantineple  -  ibid. 

-—Dardantls  ibid. 

-—QaUifoli  ibid. 

"^Artn  of  St.  Gwr^ff  ibid 
-^Hellifpont 
^~^Mouth  of  St.  3F«^« 
^-.m-ThracUn  Bofphorus 
Straitsbj  Heai 
Stralen 

Stranih. 

S*raphades  Inf. 

%tTAsburg 

^ttAthbogye 

StrAtlfundt 

Stntis     . 

Stravico 

Strette  di  Galfi 

Strigonieafis  de  GtAU 

Strigonium     103, 

Strivilingum 

Stromboli  Inf. 

Stromio  R. 

$troiii  lya 

Strum  A               .^  li^ 

S;rybiA  Inf.          *  189 

Strymmicia  Jtnus  274 

%tMkley  flam  47 » 

Stulpfeiffinburg  1 1 1 

Stamsdorf  Treaty  ^7 

StuTAFl,  44X 


itz 


ibid. 

ibid*» 

ibid. 

37 

37t 

.'31 

40 

149 
28a 
z^8 

lOI 
I0(?)  Ill 

a83,x8tf 


Swm/ow  Negro 
S«Kt^<ir4 

Stymphalider  Mtn. 
^tyx  Fl. 

SuicjuenA 

^ubA  R. 

Subur 

Suca 

Sucheu 

Sucheaen  Prov. 

Sucidavo 

Sucrige 

Suda  Fort 

SudAta  Men. 

^ud^gmAniA 

Sudbury 

Suecid 

SueciA  pnprtA 

Suede 

Sueno 

Suerin 

Saw 

Sues  Jflmm 

Sueithide 

SuenA 

SueviA       ., 

I*  Suevin    '• 
SuivontA 
,  Suevorum^AjtHta 


;oi 
.137 

ibid. 

3<f8 

381, yii 

JIT 

471 

474 
408 

■   441 

440,  y38 

96 

»73 

z^i 

113,214 

66,69^69 

123 

foS 

•<58 

66 
IfO 

39x,yoi 

-    4<f^ 

llf 

^? 
13^ 

150 
133 


SuevxsFl.  113,148 

S«e^  yci 

SufegmAry  Sufgemar  483 

Suioner  66 

SuitiA                 .^  ai^ 

Sh/wo  154 

Sulphur ini  Princeps  117 

S«/M»  Pfr/.  343 

'SultAn  Sheriff  390 

SulnniAf  SultAny  defc.  404 

Sa/t^  134 

SM7n4{r«  39  y 
Siwirftrrf  In/,         .  aPfv  i9^ 


SU  sw 

Summachidefc.y^       57t 

Summers  SirGtwgt  betweei 

J  74  and  ny 

Summers  Tnf    betweau  ^74 

Sunaerburg    . 

Sundkum  Fretum 

Sunder 

Sundt 

Sunium 

Sunkiang 

Suntticw 

Supoto 

SuTAm 

SuTAt  defc. 

Surat    193,194, 


5\V 


57-,  6 1 
149 

178 

441 
112,131 

27tf 

370,  371 

418,  4itf 

i9y,  29tf 


■It?;  Commodities,  Coins, 
Weights  and  Meafures » 
33».  333>3i4.3->3>344 


Its  Coins  and  Weights 

'  rjr  33r»344 
SumAtfA  Inf.  defc.  4;  4?  4  y  y 
Sumbes  '  K/   1S9 

St.  Sume  ■  :      yyx 

SumhoA  ^^.■.    4x3 

SumifcAfAC  •ip^.'-    1^9 


iurenAm 

SurigA 

Surinam  R. 

Suri'^'^n 

SurmArchani 

Surty  County 

Susdefc. 

Sus  Prov. 

S«jR. 

SufA  defc. 

Sufaon 

Sufatum 

SujdiL 

Sufe 

Suf}Am  defc. 

Sufi  Ana 

SufquAhAnnA  Pons 

St^ex  Count. 

SUVM 

Suvinfurtum 

Svfdi 

SvfAmfield 

SvAnfey 

SwArtsbourg 

SvPAtiAch  Fl. 

SwArtienbsrg  Count. 

SwArtiwAi     J   '.,  123, 


47  y 
y5o 

344 

y9i 
yo4 

47+ 

474,47? 

400,  401 

4^9,  473 

127,  I3<f 

76 

240 

400,  401 

S9Sy  394y  389 

ibii? 
4c 

347 

?33 
418 

^08 

3? 

i  M7 

140 

HI 

124, 

I  '1 

Swien  18, 58,  ^y.       P'/v 
^7,  f'  I 

Sw<fie»  K.  his  Title  and  Ac-^ 

quifitions'  i6y  67 

Swedes 


I3r 


Swedes 
Srreepli'tk 
fircno  a  ( 
StviUe  Lc 

Swire  Fl 
Sveinfordi 
Swiis  Ci 
Stfifi  ft* 
Hreiji  Pr 
Srviti 

Svcol 

S}bils 

Sjdos 

Syconiin 

Syene 

Sylvian 

Symtra 

Synops 

Syphax 

Sypb,ix'. 

Syruion 

Syracufi 

Syrajier 

Syria  dt 

Syria  fi 

Syriack 

SyrU 

Syroph 

Syrtss 

S\omb, 


V 


T 

rahA 
Taba 
"Xaha 

Tahi 
-Xak 
lab, 
Tab 
-Xab 
-Xah 


and  J7y 
andj7y 

u 

S)  Coins, 

feafures , 


3>i 
544 
J9t 
f04 

47+ 
'74,  47  y 
oo,  40Z 

i^^*  475 
*7,  ij,y 

16 

240 

'o,  40Z 

'4,  38i) 

^00 

ibid 

4c 
547 

f55 
4I8 
^08 

,  147 
1 40 

124, 


"■■* 


5\V    SY    SZ    TA 

Stfcdes  43 

SrreepjUJies  f47 
Jiri'wo  a  Conqueror   ^i,  ()<? 

i'niHe  Lough  48 

i'ivpiburei  6' I 

i-jTzre  F/.  113,  ^30 

Srvinfordia.  13  3 

Aw/'/j  Cantons  129,  230 
SwifsItdUn  PrefeHures  227 

fiWifr  Frefe^uret  ^30 

.ywir^  229,  232 

S\tif{irUr.i  18,19 

ywoi  170 

A>ti/f              -  487 

Syconians  282,  285 

5>f«c  4<''5',  yo2 

Sjlvian  Kings    their    Seat 

2yo 
SmatTAlnf.  i9h^9^ 

S')nops  37y 

.yv;/'4x  2  7» 

^^/i^rx's  Queen  4^4 

Sj/racon  49* 

Syracufa  dtfc.  ay7 

Syrajlene  418 

Syria  defc.      34^,  3^,  3«3 
6'yrU  propria  SJi 

Syr  lack  Characters        439" 
5>r»  4<^5 

Syrophanicia  3  y  i 

5>«fj  the  two  487 

S\ombitel  109 

S^vfeiik."'  Ziemia  6  s 


T  A 


T. 

TAbaera,  Tabraai 
Tabago 
Taharco  Inf. 
Tabarque  Inf. 
Tabajco  defc. 
Tdbarefian 
Taberna       \ 
Taberyi 
labiloU* 
Table  Bay 
Table  Mount 
Tabor 
TabriJiAn 


483 

574 
484 

^69 
y8i 

394 

134 
403 

^96 

19$ 

lyy 

394 


Tacaan  Tnf 

434 

Tacape 

4«7 

Tacaie  Fl. 

514 

Tachemimpto 

yoz 

Tacheur  Fl. 

166 

Tacola 

433 

T-acomma  Fort 

296 

Tacompjon 

yo2 

Tacony 

459 

Tacupa 
Tames 

487 
485 

Tadoufac 

293 

Taduojac 

<ji4 

Tafengiii 

398 

TaffK. 

3y 

Taffafo 

196 

Taffilette 

479 

Taffilets  Army 

473 

Tagena 

47i 

Tageta  Mo. 

23^ 

Tagrin 

i9y 

TagM  Fl. 

207,124 

Tahta 

yoi 

Taicofano 

447 

Taio  Fl.         207 

,  2iy,224 

Taith  R. 

40 

Taiyven 

439 

TAkkui 

4<f3 

Talbot  Count 

yp; 

Tali 

A  iZ 

Taliimantick.  Science      497 

TaUipot  Tree 

451 

Talofa 

200 

Talucco  Fort 

29^ 

Tamarica 

554 

Tamaracha 

294 

Tdmaflda 

475 

Tamerlan 

347,350 

— His  Conquell 

408,  409 

411,  4iy 

Tamiathk,  Tamiates      499 

Tui-'ufida 

474 

Tank' 

294 

Tan'aimn 
T/nagrii 

ipy 

179 

lanaior 

430 

Tanaif^  Tarns  R. 

18,8^,90 

— Town 

91 

Tanaierim 

29^ 

Tandaya 

457 

Tangier         22  j, 

215,  471 

Tangrcpolix 

3<^o,  ;78 

T  t 

t  t 

435 

411 

491,  yo3 
4<J4 

417 
284 
60% 
258 
581 
yoo 


TA 

Tdn^u 
Tancjith 
Tanif 
Taniti^n 
Tamr 
lantalus 
Tanton 
Taormina 
Tapinapcque  defc. 
Taphnif 

Taphree,Taphras  9t,  91 

Taping  442 

Tippy  F I.  418 

Tapuyey    ^  yyy 

Tarabajer  34^ 
Taraboloi                 351,381 

Taradunt  474 

Taracena  213 

Tarantaifia  237 

Taraiona  213 

Tarcho  274 

Tareyil  M.  123 

Tarentum  25? 

Tare^a  Fl.  104 

Targa  SOS 

Tarhais  a  Tree  531 

Tar  iff  a.  210 

Tarky  371 

Tarmon  49 

Tarmy  98 

Taro,  Taros  96 
Tarqueflar.  Tartary  defc.  41  x 
TarcjUinitis  futerbui        488 

Tarfis            '  48  y 

T<i>/o  274 
Tarfo,Titrfui  549,  3yo 
Trfrwr  Kingdom  of  Tangu 

439 
Tart  aria  18,19,21 

Tartars  ij.  88,90,92,341, 

343.  S9h  437 
Tartars  Afiaticli^  75 

T<:r'ifrj  European  73,  92,  93 
Tartars  Dobruce  96 

Tartars  Oriental  4 1  s, 

T<irr<:rj' wild  410 

Tartary  _  341^43^344 
Tartury  AfuUcli  dejc.     407, 

408 
Tartary  Dcfert  </f/?.  409,410 
r^rfitr;  JLe/ftT  89 

Tartary  r^orthern  defc.      41; 


T  A     IE 


TE 


TE 


412 

ZII 

410 

147 
288 

123- 


Tartai'y  H'ejlern 
Tartelfos 
TarteJ}n 
Tarvijtu/>t 
Taffo  Ifif. 
tatagtr 

Tatri  ScUvis  M, 

Tatttt  41 7»  4ii 

Tavafc9  dtfc,  5  8 1 

T,iubes  Fl.  133 

Tavejiria  7o 

Tai'ilii,  Tdvirj,  12,4 

Tavorentitim  101 

TauroCdjtro  *78 

Tmrentium  ^oi 

Taurians  89 
Tanrica  Cherfonefxi  8j?,  408 

Tauriem  Pomxt  89 
Taurini 

Tauris  371,  Pe/c.  40 ^        > 

Td«r^  Civit.  :,-A 

Taurifci  i44 

Tauromedium  *  5  8 

T(i«r«4  Affl.  345,  344^  3y°> 

401 

Tiii'^R.  35 

Tay  R.  40,  37)  39 

Ttiygeta  282 

'/Xy^erws  Afo.  28,4 

Tdjovan^  Tayvan  443,  444 

Tcharmelicfi  dejc.  355 

TeheleCnU.  37 1 

Ttchala          .  a7<5 

Techort  ^04 

Tecfilenborg  136 

J(fc;^/e)' Count  113 

tecMntepqiit  j  8 1 

Teddeles  483 

7V^Me/i  47  J 

Ttrf/rf  474 

re/  J 14 

Tefe^ara  or  TV/e/re  482 

rejf^«  344 

K^w  3^4.  Pf/f-  370 

7t/t4  475 

JV^rf^rt  471 

TPegan  440 

jn^e/?«  J  88 


rf^/7  Fl. 

Tsgmedel 

Tegodaft 

Tegorarin 

Tegra 

Teguleth 

Teknt 

Tejent 

Teifs 

Telamon 


104, 


— Its  great  Battle 
Telchinu  Inf. 
TelcbinU  Inj.  defc. 
Teldes 
Teleboe  Inf. 
Telenpn  Prov. 
Televoum 
Teleujtn 
Tcmarleng 
Teme  R. 
Temella 
Temendfurji 
Tem^s  R. 
Temefne  Prov. 


105, 
288, 


3^3 
481 

47) 
504 
511 
475 
474 
475 
107 

37^ 

2^0 

475 
191 
481 
278 
473 
413 
35 
475 

483 
loj 

471 


Terga. 
Tergea 


Ttmefuenjis  de  Temefrvar  101 

Temefvear      iii,  113,  i8i 

Temir  Capi  371 

Tempe  275,  283 

Templim  Veneris  2:8 

Temrocli  282 

Tenarium  Prom.  282 

Tenaru6  Fl.  240 

Tenarus  Mo.  283 

■Tenafferi  433 

Tenby  36 

Tenduc  4U 

Tenecum  5^9 
,Tenedo,TenedosInf  defc.  373 


defc. 


Tenegapatan 

Teneriffe.  531 

Tenes 

Tenei(ia 

Terns  Inf. 

Tenjift 

Teorregu 

Tepeacaes 

Tera  Fl. 

Terajfn 

Tercerd 

TercU 

Teredon 

Tereua 


Defc. 


196 

531 
482 

475 
289 

475 
504 
581 
21  8 

34^ 
530 
349 
357 
»8i 


230 


145 


473 
133 

217. 

247 

435 
96 

»305i33 
96 

.  iSo 

2i)(J 

150 
4O5 
2^8 

175 
558 
U9 


rgejie      ,    . 
Tergejium 
Ter-Goes 
Tergoes  a  Ship 

Tergowifch 
Terlon 
Ternate  Inf 
Ternato 
Terni 

Ternia  defc. 
Ternova 
Ternovo  defc 
Terra  de  St.  Jndro 
Terra.  Aiiftr Alls  _,^^ 

Tern  Aiiftralis  incognita.  624 

250 

.17 

541,5^5 

538 
203,  204 

217 
54^ 
545 
34<f 
288 
175 

485 

17i) 

167 
96 

179 

9^ 

•   157 

475 

I44 
166 

504. 

113 

.471 
Ibid. 

i7^i   377 

J55 

lof 

I12 


Terracina. 
Temco.,  Terracomz 
Tern  Firma 
Terra  del  Gada 
Tetragon 
Terragona 
Terra  Incognita 
Terrx  Magellanica 
Terra  SanHa 
Terra  SigiUata 
Terroone 
Terfcen  Fl. 
Terteii 
Tertofa 
TertuUian 
Tervanna 
Ter-Vem 
Tervis 
Terwin 
Terveifch 
Tifehen 
Tefegfeldt 
Tefine  Flu. 
Teffel 
Tejfet 

Telix  Vafa 
Tetteguin 
Tettuen 
Teucer 

Teutchin  Broda 
Teutoburgium 
Teutones 
\liutshurgium 


TE    TH 


T  H    TI 


47j 

H   rrxf/ 

166 

33,  US 

^H     7(f7C2<C0 

f78,  J79 

2i7. 

■    Teili 

483 

^4?,  247 

■  ri?7^<{ 

473 

167 

^H    Thacapa 

487 

43; 

^m    Tbaijs  Demand 

300,  401 

:}6 

^1    Thalame  ■ 

283 

»3o,233 

^B    Thalanda 

281 

JJ^ 

H    Thalanta 

277 

rSo 

^m     Thill  ejlrk 

371 

45^ 

H     Tbamar 

76 

2^6- 

H    Thmtifida^  Thamujide     474, 

250 

■ 

475- 

fOf 

■     r/;tfff<e 

i8j 

2^8 

■     r/;<t;//{i' 

485 

^7)- 

H     Thafcala 

480 

558 

■      Thajfen'f  Fl. 

36(5 

.        ^45' 

■      Thajfius  Tnf. 

288 

Wii  524 

Theate 

2J4 

Mo 

Tijeatines 

Jiy,3^7 

-:r7 

Thebais 

497 

41,  y<?y 

Thebean  Lake 

275) 

53« 

3l'e£ej            49  r, 

408,  499 

^3)  204 

Tijebes  de[c.     278, 

27?,  40i 

217 

Thebejfa 

484 

f4^ 

Thebet 

411,  4li 

S-if 

Thelts  Fl. 

219 

34^ 

Tijemiftocles 

271 

288 

Theode 

ysi- 

i75r 

Theodebert 

u 

3^^ 

Timdoricfi  K. 

ibid. 

19^ 

Theodorus 

549 

217 

*  0 

Theodofiopoih-  defc. 

3^4 

485- 

Theodopus  Imp. 

lOI 

I7p. 

Tbeonis  Villa. 

i8i 

1^7 

TheonviUe 

ibid. 

9<r 

Theopolif 

3n. 

175 

tljirx  Inf. 

289 

9^ 

71m.imne 

283 

^J7 

Therapne 

258,283 

47f 

Therejfe 

484 

M4 

Tbermixgranl 

127 

l^^          ■ 

ner,;ii,t  Inf. 

28i) 

yo4.     ■ 

Thermodo  Fl. 

;5o 

I'^      1 

Tijermopylx 

580 

.472          ■ 
'hid.          ■ 

Tl?ejdus 

4?5^ 

Tl^efeus             277 

,178,281 

377          ■ 

Tbefeiis's  Temple 

277 

I 

nejpia 

272 

1 

Thejportba 

17r? 

1 

Thefportix 

ibid. 

312            I 

Tb4'^lix 

•    iS. 

theffalonica 
Tl}e[falj/  defc. 
thetU 
'rhetU  Fl. 
Tbeya  Fl. 
Tbiulxi 
Thirties 
Thins 
Thisba 


274 

270,275 

342 

219 

191 

99 

'       434 

279 


"^nvx  278,  27i?,  402 

Thoas  287 

Tholoufe  191, 200 

St.  y/jow/w  J  J  2,  y^i 

St.  Thomas  Inf  2^4,  53  j 
St.  Thomas  Marty I'd  418 
St.  Thomas's  ibid. 

St.  Thomafo  ibid. 

Thomond  49 

Thonaro  103 

Thovon^Thonontum  238 

Thr-^'f)  99 

r/;o«r..  362 

Ti^racia,  t8,  270,  271 

Thracian  Bofphorns  89,  269, 

272 
thrafmene  Lac.  defc.  2fo 
Thraftbulus  277, 278 

T/;re(?  Churches  342,  364 
TAree  Rivers  293 

ThuHamiJJ)  Defeat  408 
Thuetamijb  Defeat  409 

Thucydides  271 

Thule  41, 416 

Thumeneflria.  275 

Thnnoriim  238 

Thuria,  Jhurium  283 

Tkiringitjns  ■   ny 

T  buries  j  i 

Thyatira  defc.  349 

T/;//e  41 

Thymaterium ,   Jhj'materia , 

475 
Thyras  ■         271 

Tbjrbile  '  -    233 

T/')rM  '••     283 

TZ-j/Zei  ,      '       y8' 

TKjn.t  •  ■            349 

T/ter  F/.  234,  248' 

Tiber  irta  1 40 

Tiberius  Cctfar  3^9 

Tibifci  26  8 

T  t  t  t  2 


Tihifcii.t  99,  100 

Tibilrui  Fl.  267 

Tibijcus,  Tibeps,  Ti/Janus  , 

T//7/.r  104,10  J, ro7 

.  T/t;(r  2  JO 

I  Tkir.us  Fl,  244 

Ticir,nm  2  45 

T/c/or  45^9 

Tie  Lac  us  163 

170 


T/e/ 
Tiencin 
Tifea  Fl. 

Tifel-fdit 

TiglathFilajfer 

Tigra 

TigranocertA 

Tigranocerta. 

Tigranopetra. 

Tigranopolii 

Tigre 

Tigrenfee 


122, 

43> 
ji8tf 

474 
403 

yt2,  yi« 

3<^f 

404 

ibid, 
ibid. 

yri 

yi6 


Tigris  Fl.  343,  345,  34<r 

Tigurium  229,230,231 

Tigurinutn  Lacum,  231 

Tillbourg  6t 

Tillemont  184 

T%  Count  1 18,  147, 153 

TiUmont  183 

T//Zn  1 1  o 

Tilfoar  124 

Timariots  580, 381,38^ 

Timici  481 

Timor  Inf  295,29^ 

Tmor  343 

Tine  ben  .       441 

T/«i(y  F/.  418 

T/>e  /k/;  ^f/c.  289 

r/n^i  _4jt 

T/w^/V  ibid. 

Tingitania  471,  4:4 

T/«o  2^3 

T/«><r«  Fort  44.' 

Tionen  "          1  {i ; 

Tippercry    •  s:  t 

TZ/C/z  4:1 

Tiritiri  40  ^ 

T/Vf/  227 

T/Vo/     1 13,  T8.<,  140,  1 41, 

T///i  ■       100 

Tiuv.s  "     200 

T/Vf  ,.■•..  ^,^ 


TI    TL    TO 


Titou 
Tituxn 
'litia  Emp. 

Tivifcum 
TlacaHans 


296 

278 
96 
^6 


llaxcallan      Coins       and 

weights  defcribed      581 

faxcallen  78 

Tmolus  Mons  3  4  9?  3  J  ° 

Toacawny  6oq 

Tobacco  its  Cuftom        f93 

Tobage  Fort  i95 

lobar  ts  jjx 

Toboleska  76 

Tocat  defc.  347, 349 

Tocat  Cordovant  3^4 

Tocbariftan  394 

To^^z/  104 

Totiijr,  Tdiaum      111,113 

Tc^oe/ff  447 

To/erfo  207,  *iJ 

To/fn  F/.  i?9 

Tolenlnf.    .  itfS 

Toletuni  2 if,  21  tf 

Tolhiiys  170 

1'olnenJIs  dejoima,         loi 

To»24r  22a,  224 

Tombote  K.  $06 

Tomi  Totnifrvar  z6i 

Tomumbejf  493 

T(J»^frc»,  Toffgrej  188 

Tow/i  A47 

T<i/'4^o  J28 

Topinamubes^  fJ7 

Toppah^noe  592 

Tor  defc.  388 

T«r-r//e/  17  J 

Torantalienjis    de     Thurtur 

lOI 

Tor<f<«  99 

Tormentera  Inf.  2 1 3 

Tornaciim  1 7^ 

Tornenfis  de  Torna  loi 

Tornf^f  Fort  282 

Tornii  69 
Torone                   274, 277 

Tor  pat  cut  Sinta  274 

Torpedo  y  x  y 

Tortora  2  44 

Tortofa.  2 1 7 

1.4  Torrxr  In/.  2^3 


TO     TR 

TortugM  Inf.  J<fy 

Tofcany  1 9 

Tojiatus  Abulenfis  2 1 4 

rotHci  Sound  <fii 

7V«/  n8,  1 2  J,  I2<; 

ro«/i<  48^ 

Toulon  201 

Tcupinamboia  j  y  f 

21j«r  124 
Touraine                 151,  194 

Tour  nay  176 

Tourn  197 

levy  R.              ,  3f 

Trtft  F/.  loy 
Trabifondi       349?  3^7)  381 

TraconiA  282 

Tragmri  2 1 3 

Tragurium  2^3 

rr<z/4n  Emp.  97 

Trajeliui  ad  Mofam  188 

TrajeSlus  Francorum  133 

Tr ales  Monies  223 

rr<i//v  5:2 

Tramgo  Bay  29^ 

Tramechi  1 8 1 

Tr^wj'  Iffallania  170 
Tranfchinenfis    de    Tranchyn 

lOI 

Tranflvania  18,  19,  229, 
38 f.     Pe/c.    97,  98,  99 

Trapani  2j8, 281 

rr^pe/wj  349?  3^7,  38' 

Trapoli^xa  285: 

TrJM  263 

Travancor  ^          427 

rr/i'i;'i?»j«?7i/  ibid. 

Traxillo  J84 

Trebeta               •  1,29 

i  rrefc/4  F/.  145: 

1  Trebifonda^  Trebiiond  349, 

3^7,  381 
Tremium  197 

TreMgh  ^6 

Treguier  1 97 

Tre/Z/M  3  4 

Trtmefin  Prov.  48 1 
Tremighen               35'4>4io 

Tremtfanfa  776 

Tremithtu  ibid. 

Trmitugt  ibid'. 


TR    Til 


Trenjchin 

Trent 

Trepani 

Treffum 

TrevA 

Treves 

Treviri 

Trevifi 

Trica  Pricca 

Tricajfmm  Chit. 

Tridentinum  Con/ilium 

Trideminus  Epifcopus 

Tridinium,  Tridinum 

Triers 

Trieji 

Triejle 

Trigliphon^Trigtiptm 

Trim 

Tritnethm 

Trin  ' 

Trinacrix 

Trinacria  Inf.  defc. 

La  Trinidad 

Trinidado  Inf. 

Trinity  Inf 

Trinity  Mine 

Trino 

Trinquilimaly 

Tripoli 

Tripoli  New 

Tripoly 

Tri^uetra 

Trijmegifitst 

Triton 

Trivoli 

TrooT 

Trochilos 

Trogloditica 

TroU 

Troit\a    . 

Troiii 

Trophonian  Cave 

Troppaw 

St.  Troll 

Trorvis  R. 

Troy 

St.  Truyen 

Tuam 

Tuba, 

Tuban 


»4?,i3y,i47 

2j8 

ni,  113 

X9,  129 
129 
247 

27tf 

196 

247 
217 

241 

129 

147 

Hf 

433? 

435 

46 

37:6 
241 
aj7 
37r 
J89 
J^i 
29y 
109 
241 
29^ 

3n,  j8i,  382 

4^7 
4(^y 

157 

494 
453 
2yo 

34tf 
49f 
12)8 
196 
78 
%6 
X.79 

IJ.7 

44 

347 

183 

JO 

45J 

TuhamiA 


fliutn 


tin 


U 

J  1.7 

2J8 

247 

2  7tf 

247 
227 
241 
129 

453, 

455 

45 

57:6 
*4t 
aj7 
37^ 
SS9 
S^l 
i9f 
lop 

241 

2iJ^ 

4&7 

^S7 

494 
453 

ITO 

49r 

78 

8^ 

^79 

44 
347 
I83 

yo 

45'J 

4rr 
ntia 


TU 


Tubintu 

Tuhemm 

Tubing 

TubujuptM 

Til- C  if  el 

Tucxnun 

Tude 

Tugiiim 

Tuf^ara. 

Tulcis  It. 

Tulijurgium 

TuUum 

TuUy 

Tulsk 

Tiimen 


■  171 

135 
157 
483 

jn 

209 
229 
481 

217 
152 
ll6 

49 
fo 
410 


V^d: 


Tun  o(  Heidleburg  130 

Tungronum  Civit.  i88 

7H«Af  382,  4^9 

/««/>  rft/c.         485,  to  488 
Tunhjng  Bay  442- 

Tmqtiin  i'9h^9S)^96 

Tunquinefes  434 

Timying  442 

r«ot  502 

2'«r<:oc/;ore9  280 

Turcomania    34^,  354, 3^2^ 

378 
Turcomans  •  3^3^  393 

Turcotegli  Olimienas       284 
Turduli  203 

r«rge/»5  43 

Turiay    Turias^   Turiim   Fl. 

ZI2 

Turin  239 

TuringiA  123,128,134,147 
TuriiiJojTuriajfo  213 

2lMritff>    its  leveral   Begler- 
begs  in  j^fia  and  Europe 
380,  381 
JiiDt/e  Carpets  498 

Turkf  90,342,3^0 

Ti^r/tj  40C00  frozen  to  death 

r«r^i- routed  105,112,113 
7«r^j  Language,  &c.    379, 
580,383,  384,385 
Xurki  fl'iin  267,  3^5 

Twr^e/ in  y(/f<t  defer.      344, 

.34^,34^ 
Turliey  in  £«ro^ff        I9j  i8 

Turna  Fl.  104 

TMrnajhfiim  Civit.         it 6 


TU    TW    TY    TZ    VA 

Turcocenjis  de  Owar         101 
Turonuvi  1 97 

Turphan  4ii 

Turquejian  3^3,408 

2«rr«  473 

Ttt/c^n  Inf.  258 

T«/ftfH;'  andGr.  Duke  defc. 
233,251,252,  253 
258 

an 

29^,  42'7 

209 

170,  171 

7^,78 

49 

ibid. 

87 

6i 

209 

,  514,518 

3<?3 

3<^3,  393 
40(j 

9^ 

47 
i75 
402 

48,49 
ll6i   123 

48,49 
227 

87 

3^ 
512 

519 


512 


Tufci 

Tujcin 

Tuticorin 

Tiiy 

Twente 

Tsver 

Twomond 

Tworvoun 

Tycaffia 

Tycho  Bnhe 

Tyde 

Tygra 

Tygranes 

Tygris  Fl. 

Tylo's  defc. 

Tyrnt 

Tyrconnd 

Tyrilfa 

Tyroan  defc, 

Tyr-onn 

Tyrol 

Tyrone 

Tyrrhenum  Mare 

Tywofiyn 

Tywy  R. 

fyiddai 

T^agad 

T-^aneo  Lac. 


V. 

VAca/s  Momes  d'Avilia 
107 
Fdcheren  '^  1^7 

Faciii  104 

yacos  453 

Vaga  481,484 

Vagal  484 

Vagafe  ibid. 

Yagiu  FL  1.06 

Vaharan  481 
yahalk  a  Channel  of  the 

Rhint  Hi 


402 
200 


V  A 

Val  de  Compare  291 

VaUchia  383>j85 

VaUdolii      207,  579,  582, 

584 

Valaife  230 
Vdconienfis  de  Valpon     loj 

Valcowar  2^0,2^1 

Valcum  2  CI 
Yaldac 
Valence 

Valencia  207,211 

Valencjennet  180 

ValenftiimCivi,  233 

Valentia  2 1 2 

Vatiana  1.80 

V<i/e/7<8  23  J 

Viz/e/?/  230 

Valetta  541 

Valienburg  i8r 

Vallenhoven  167 
VallfsTarri  princimus  zj-7 

Vatlis  lelina  '         254 

Vrf/oAf  Ho«/e  192,196 

Valona  273 

Valpariafo  5  5 1 

Valtolina  234 

Vamntelucba  2^2 

Van  defc.  ^e^^  380 

Vrfn  Lrfc»4  3^j: 

Vandalici  Monies  123. 

Vandalitia.  209 

Vandatts  i8i 
Vandals    6C,  204,  212,  22^ 

Vandelen  181 

Vanduaria  40 

Vangionenfts  Civ  it.  130 

Vannes  1^7 

V(ir(j  39 
VaradieMJis  deVAradin    loi 

VafAdin  i  o  y 

[Varanienfis    de  Baranywar 

IQl 

Varanus  Lac.  2.54 

V4rk/  98 

Variana  2<?i 

Variana  Cajira-  ibid. 

Variafdium  ibid. 

Varicum  199 

V<irw<«  2^8' 

IVrfrrw  1 1  y 

Varfmii  83 

Vrfrw  f  i.  243 


// 


N 


'VA    VR    tic    UD 

VE 

Fafatum  Civil. 

199 

Vdjcones 

2iy 

Vafilipotijno             283 

286 

f'ap/ut^  di  Coromdo 

jsy 

ruffin  Lake 

3^f 

Vatican  Hill 

248 

ratuegat- 

Z16 

WiiiJerange 

116 

Viiudois 

238 

ruue,e  M.       iiz,  114 

>  i^y 

Vjviii 

Hi 

ribeda 

no 

Hberlingen 

139 

Vcht  F/, 

148 

VdenhHm 

130 

Udejfa 

417 

UdjUd 

62 

recht  Fl. 

xcy 

reSfurienes ' 

37 

Vediantiorum  Urbs 

240 

Vehrden 

in 

reii  defc.  and  long  Siege 

250 

St.  Veit 

144 

Velavfi 

1^9 

Felei  Malaga    . /' . 

21  z 

Velibari            -    -•-_ 

::43 

Velino                 ,;•'•'■ 

i^3 

Velour                /■'  '; 

42^ 

Velti              ■  '•': 

2(?I. 

yelime 

169 

St.Venant          '■' 

176 

Venafin     '    •  ■ 

201 

Veniheu 

441 

yendana  Portus 

I?<? 

Vendojme 

197 

Vendum 

141 

Venedotid 

33 

renerii  Inf. 

28i? 

Veneti 

197 

■Venetix    '   '" 

1^6 

Venetian  Fleet 

374 

I'enctixns       zz6,  zjy, 

2(JJ, 

273,  27^,  277,  28c 

),  to 

Venetica  Inf, 

201 

Veneturd 

197 

I'tnety.s  Laavr 

138 

f'trit'iuelii                ^61 

,  S^S 

Fenice 

■19 

i'fnice  Republick  dcfc. 

i4^> 

., 

247 

VE    UG 

Venice ,  its  Commodities , 
Coini,  Weights  and  Mea- 
fiues  324, 3iJ 

Fenie'i  p8 

renla  J  80 

renh  '  ■  K^iJ 

Vcnnienii  43 

Fentidiyi  Bajfui  3  Jo 

A'(?«w  2i>o,  37(f,  377 

r(?HK«  Fane  4^8 

re»Kj  Pyrenaa  zi8 

Ter^  2 1 2 

Ltf  Fera  Cmi  S79 

Feragua.  ,        J84 

Fera-pai  5:82 

Ferbanus  Lactis  233,244 
WerbieftK  413 

rerce/V  ,  Fercella ,  FeneUi , 

.*39 
FerceUefife  Dominium  ibid. 
Fercingeterix  ip8 

Ferdemburg  230 

Ferdum  nZ^iis,iz6 

Fere  167 

Feres  a  Family  i  <f 7 

Ter^^o  .   ^    212 

Fergentines  "■','.  578 
Tfr/ft  1^7,  275' 

Fermand  i  ^4 

Fermelandia  ,     ^8 

Fermi  L  j^y 

Feromannorum  Civit.  194 
Ferona  2  47 

Feronenfe  Territorium  ii6 
Ferra  FI.  123 

re/e)-  F/.  ■  ■ '        121 

Fefomium  ■  —  124 
re/o.v/  1 2  f 

Fefpatian  Emp.  3^9,  3^1 
Fefperienfis  de  Fefperini  10  r 
Fejpfinium  106 

Fe'juvtKi  Mops  -_,.  _  25:3 
Fejjuna  "'       199 

Fejligrade  273 

Fefuntio  124 

Te^er^  ''1^7 

Feteres  ^^(Jiia  [''    16  f 

FcterfVejierwidi         '     .  68 

'■'^'"■"^  '.,..",    1.^7/^ 

^''^'\t«^  <  -  )  ■""''''  ^^ 
//g«eli  '  4*5  4 

I  ti'goghenfis  ic  Ugoyi        loi 


V  I 

r/iij-w  F/. 

Fiana 

Fiana,  Fiandi 

Fiiinden 

Yianen 

Viacopo 

Viafma 

Vibiirg 

Wicegrade 

Vicentia. 


i»3 

214 

84 

70 

■  104,  UI 


Vicentinum  Terr  it  orium  :  1 6 
Vicen\i  j^^ 

V/V/;  '      n  3 

Viltarix  ^q 

Y  iff  or  i  a  214,482 
V/Wor/j  Temple  277 
V/c«*  2l8 
Vidinum  157 
VidofaFlu.  ipp 
V/V««<«  82,153,200 
Vienna  defc.  i^'x,  142 
V/>Kn4  its  Coins,  Weights 

and  Meafuies  324 

Viennen  i  g  j 

Vientbal  ibid. 

V;//  i'/crrtf  d'Oviedo  206 
Villa  Franca  240 

Villa  Vifiofa  224 

Villacb  loy,  144 

V///<Z»0  2  7(?,  488 

V///e<:/e  III 

Villerivi  575 

V  lilies.  '  214 

Vi  Ivor  den  ig^ 

St.  Vincent  299,  ^74, 

St.  V/Kfeni  Port  J38 

Vindatv         ,  ,  gj 

Vinde  lie  tans     ''  151) 

Vindibona         ,.  i^j 

Vindilici  j^r, 

Vindilicia      '   .  139 

Vindiui  Mors  ,  '■'  2 of 
Vingagcra  .'.    '       yjR 

Vinifvvx  ,'•    .  .     1:3 

VinJJ)emia  .:.  "\  ibid. 
FintiMigliij'intimilium  242 
Virgin^   ,  I'jy 

Dele.     '^^^      f9T,to  y94 
Virodumm  \zc^ 

Virc-itpi  iT2,i<?x 


VI    IIL 

UM 

UN    VO    UP 

UR 

214  H 

l6r    ^M 

V/'Apor 

334. 

Una  R. 

47f 

yijapour 

>•  ^       424 

Un-cban 

4JI 

Vifipour  K. 

4zy,425 

Undervcdd              2 

25;,  232 

Vipapour 

425 

thghenfis  de  Ungwar 

lOI, 

Vifter  Aiem  his  Office,Great- 

U2 

nefsand  Power  380,31)5 

UnidomMA 

141 

84  ■ 

V//?got^j 

58 

United  Province! 

18,    19 

70   ^H 

Vifontienfis  Civil 

r.           124 

Defc.  from  i5o, 

to  174 

'°4>txr     ^1 

VtftiUui,\iJiuU 

82 

Vodena 

27J 

247     ^1 

ViftuU  Fl. 

309 

Vodii 

43 

116      H 

VifitU 

82 

Vsdiiia 

277 

247    ^1 

\ifugiris  Fl. 

J33 

Vogel  M. 

121 

2I8      H 

Viteland 

148 

Vogeftci  Mon.            3 

[3i>i93 

^H 

Viterho 

lyo 

Yuitlani 

148 

^^,482     ■ 

\ites 

148 

Voleaa 

107 

H 

Vitide  Chieti 

if4 

Volga  R.     72,  75, 

77,  89, 

2l8        ■ 

Yitulo 

283 

408,  40i? 

IP7      ^H 

Viuves 

552 

Volgesburg  Mons 

123 

^99     H 

Viyapour 

424 

Volhinia 

84,87 

^^.7,200     ■ 

Vine  Inf. 

104 

Vollin  IJl. 

123 

'4t,  142       H 

Ufiuraine 

82,84 

Volo 

275 

Weiglits      H 

PU  defc. 

413 

Volodomira 

73,  77 

324    H 

VUdiJlAM  ■ 

81,  268 

Vologna 

71 

iSx        ■ 

madijlaml.  K. 

of  Bohemia 

Volfignii  Lac. 

M3 

ibid.       ■ 

IJ4 

Volturena  Trovincia 

234 

201^       ■ 

UUdiJlaw 

8r 

Voltut  R. 

507 

£40     H 

Ulaenderen 

17? 

Volubile 

471 

224     ■ 

Ulaerdingen 

I5f 

Velubilis  lingitana 

ibid. 

°r,  144      ■ 

mat 

402"" 

Vohmtii 

143 

7^)  48S      ■ 

VUinium 

253 

Vcniiia 

277 

112         ■ 

UlbuA 

580 

V corn  In f         J54,  l 

57,170 

57^      ■ 

Uliiras  Inf. 

201 

VorithUnd 

145 

■ 

una 

122 

VoroHa 

40  f 

7S.  S6         ■ 

lilidia, 

47 

Vojiania 

27J 

184      ■ 

tilieland 

155 

Votigern  K. 

3? 

1 

Ulit 

3J«f»  387 

Upland 

58 

^>  f  74     ■ 

mm  Fl. 

138,  iy2 

Upfala 

69 

■ 

tihska 

22f 

Uragofi 

275 

■ 

tilpia  Trajani 

98 

Urana 

253 

■ 

Ulpianum 

257 

Urania 

257 

141       ■ 

mjler  43,  44 

Pj^ov.  47 

Utrannia              > 

278 

X40         ^m 

UU  R. 

99 

Uratijlaiis 

^U 

^59         H 

mtave  Fl. 

144 

Urbara 

482 

■ 

ttltonia 

47 

Urbin,  Urbinum 

249 

■ 

Pltrajeffiiiy 

158 

Urbs 

48? 

■ 

UltrajeSfum 

158 

tirchupia 

257 

^hid.          ■ 

nitre 

47 

Uren               22^,  2 

30,232 

■ 

Ulyffes 

287,  i)Jl 

Uria 

ibid. 

■ 

1tl\enach 

230 

Urict 

48? 

^94           ■ 

Uma 

69 

Urrin  R. 

47 

■ 

Umarabea. 

475 

Urfin  Lai, 

lyi 

2^r           ■ 

Umbm. 

•  3*^j*Jo 

Urines 

ibid. 

4:'4 
410,  '\ii 

171 
ibid. 

J235M3' 
201 

34 

78 

43 

4iJ6 

158,  158 


UR  US  41T  VU  UX  \VA 

Urfi(i  1^1 

Ihitncif 
Ufadium 
Usbt.l^ 
Ujcaduma 
llfcudava    . 
llfeJom  Ir/. 
lijl^ent 
Usk  R. 
Ujtinga 
Uterni 
Utica 
Utrecht 

Utrecht  Biflioprick  or  Lord 
fliip  158 

Utrecht  Call:.  443 

Utricefiiim  168 

Utricht  III 

Vuchang  440 

Vuimpina  139 

Vulcans  Temple  4i?8 

Vulcanite  Inf.  t  y  9 

Vulcano  Ivj.  ibid. 

Vuicanos  J83 

VulpanusFl.  -106 

Uxantu  201 


W. 

WAdjiein  58 
melFl.    122,  161 

IVagFl.  ,        106  ■ 

JVagening  .      ix% 

fVageningen  170 

IVagenthal  230,23} 

IVagiers^a.  100 

IVagria  j5 

fVaiapocoFL  2s»y 

Walacbia    i8,  19,  p5,  153 

IValaga  j  1 1 

IValbiirg  1^6 

fValcoxfar-  106 

fFaldec^  13; 

fValdenJfeia  137 

Waldemar'  57 

fFaldJInn  ii% 

fValdjietten-Sei  22  j 

fValeFl.  154: 

fValonftat  230 
ff'j/w          i8,  21,  32,  33 

JValifhUni  2 1 
miipttd- 


,'X 


47, 


"  ■     \V  A    WE 

IJ'alltbtr^ 

jralle'iiein  .1  SHe/ian 

IJalltn 

U-'alhon  FUnders 

IVdUoons 

JVulpo     261, 


w"*' 


W  E    W  H    W I  WI  WO  WR  WU  WY 


S-'A 


IVan 

Jf'ando  K. 
JVangen 
Wanjyflel 
IVaradin 
IVuramoni 
Jf^ares^ovie  Mure 
JFama  Ft. 
JVArnit^  Fl. 
JFarfaw     83 

IVdrt  Fl. 
WArtA  Ft. 
Wnnxgnnm  M. 

Warwick  ForeUni 

W4erf&l 

Wachtenditm 

Wntere  R. 

IVaterfori 

Waterford.  Haven 

IVdtertown 

Waxholm 

fVeel 

men  Inf. 

Wegara 

WeibfprU 

Weigats  Straits 

Wailbnrg 

Weinjhein 

fVeiffel  R. 

Hiijj'elburg 

michpool 

Wells 

H'elfchlandt 

Wenan 

Wenar  Lac. 

Wendenberg 

Weniijh  Apoftates 

iVerdjee  Lac. 

Wenbeim 


133 
f»i 

,48 
61 

106 

60% 
380 

5  90 
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191 


R. 


Weru  Fl. 

lVt\el      iir.  R. 

mjep,  Ifejop,  ff'efpe 

Jf'ejer  Fl. 

Ifejout 

Ifefler^o 

frejiern  Inf. 

If  'ejierui 

ffeji-FrieiUnd  defc. 

H'efi  Gothland 

ffefiynania 

Ifejimiinny  (Jles 

jyeiinioreland 

If  ejfphalia  u  8,  1 1 1. 


Wejiro  R. 
JVethtrsfield 

157  JVetterraw 

138  fVexford 

R.     8<f  fTeymar 

Sy  IVey  mouth 

1 21  White  Sex 

123  White  Seas 

ibid.  Withern 

yp2,  5o8  Wiburg 

619  \tVick. 

232  Wick  de  Duerflede 

169  Wickford 

.J90  WickloTv  C.  45". 

5"  2  Wicoco 

47  Widen 

6o2  Wie  Fl. 

69  Wiei 

510,  yii  Wiedum 

yp,  66  Wien 

$16  Wiering 

i^f  Wierra  Ft. 

342  Wiemowiski  Michael 

.    1 3  y  flight  Inj. 

133  Wight-IJle  County 

82  Wighton 

98,  131,  138  Wigrtams 

34  Wifnti 

6o%  Wihy  FluM. 

2  2  5"     Wildhafen 

<?o8     Willemftadt 

^8,  69     William  and  Mary^  Rex  e^ 

123        Rfgina  44 

lyo     WiUiam  R.        47,  48,  yz 

1 44    William  of  Tyre  454 

133  \Witiiamfiad tort  4;^ 


123 

122 

113 
lif 
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69 
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617 

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Defc. 

do  8 

141 

134 

4354y>47 

147 

61S 

78 

381 

40 

f8,  S9 

40,  188 

1^8 

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S99 

141 

34,  3  J 
I3(? 
141 
ibid. 
1^6 
123 
82 
148 

S9i 

40 
609 
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417 
118 


»Slloughbj  Sir  H. 
Wimpfer 

Windifilandt  defc. 

Windmiil-Poim 

Windfchacht 

Windjor 

St.  Winifrids  Well 

Winipoco  Fl. 

St.  ;frn»oc 

Winrtoxbergen 

Winjhaim 

Wipper  Fl. 


14: 


(lit 

»3? 

171 

'44 

2fi3 
34 

177 

ibid. 
^33 


Wtrtiburg  ,,1 

^0/ff  Af?n  of  the  Eajl  where 

128 


Duried 
Wifmar 
Wifsbaden 
Witepsk 
Wittenberg 
Witi 
Wixel  R. 
Woeden 
Wolaw 

Wolder  Sconce 
Wolfenbutel 
Wolga 
Wolgafi 
WoUin 
Wologda 
Wolska  Zemia 
Wvod  Capt. 
Woodbridge 
Woodcock 
Woodcock  Capt. 
Wtrcefier 
Vforcum 

"Wormacia  '• 
Wermenfis  Civit. 
Wormes         izi,  130, 


5r,  U8,  lyo 

^3^ 

84 

123,148 

196 
81 

16S 

.  '>  ly? 
171 
15a 

371,  308 

149 
118,  149 

73,  76' 
225: 

418 

^04,  603 
^08 


y/orotia 

Wotidrichmunt 

Vfratijlavia 

VJraftlaw 

Wrexham 

Wunick  Ft. 

Wurtihurg 

Wybvrg 


41S 
^08 
1^4 
130 
ibid. 
X3^, 

i34 

78 

1^4 

lyr 

ibid. 

34 

144 

iiJ, 132 

70 

Vfjches 


Wy 


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/^  W'here 

84 

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I6s 
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'^  308 

73,   76' 

418 

4j  60^ 

60Z 

418 

^08 

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ibid. 

*3+ 
78 

ibid. 

34- 
M4 
liz 

70 


^ 


XA    XE 


YA    YD    YE    ZA 


Zk    It 


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^24 


X. 


i."..  '!( 


X 


Alappa  de  la  Vera  Crux 
580 


Xalifco  Prov. 

Xtf/o  F/. 

Xamo 

Xancheu 

Xang 

Xangb&ie 

Xanfi 

Xanthus 

Xantung 

Xaoa 

Xaochen 

Xaow 

Xarracon 

Xat 

St.  Xavier 

Xelva 

Xenophsn 

Xenfi 

Xeqtie 

Xeres  de  la  Ftntera 

Xerifs 

Xerolibado 


582 

'^  4?9 
ibid, 
ibid, 
ibid. 

438*  439 

349 

438,439 

yxi 

442 
441 
492 

434 
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271 

438,  439 

473 
210 

472 

27y 


Xerxes  Bridge        272,  3+8 
.—Navy  overthrown     288 
Xicoco 
F.  XimerKf 
Ximenes  a  Granadin 
Ximenes  a  Cardinal 


Xhno 
Xincheu 
Xin-Tam 
Xiriof      \  \ 
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Xoa 
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Xunchi  41^. 
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447 
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481, 

483 

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440 

413 
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440 

438 


Y. 


Tanicli 
Taogan 
Tarmouth 
Tdam 
Tedam 
Teifie  f/, 
Tettcw-River 
Tern  en 

Tennee-Sheir 
Tenkhioi 
Terac  defc. 
Teratli 
Tetf^d 
TeidecuT 
Tgnot 

Torii  County 
Tork  R. 
Tperen 
Trakin  defc. 
VffeUand 
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Tvica  Fl. 
Tvodium.,  Tvoix 
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441 

166 
166 

409 

44 

381 

27y 
87 
3f<f 
39J 
398 
398 
272 
608 

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592,  f  j>3 
177 

3H 
^•'    170 

^■-  '-.-213 
181 
410 


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4^y.     R. 


Ttgrahienfts     de 


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Zahara 

Zaims 

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Zaire 

ZaleucKs 

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Zamamixon 

Zamhanjch 

Zanibera 

Zambere  Lac. 

Zamorin 

Zamoslii 

Zamrhi 

Zanfara 

Zanhaga 


ZdgritbU 

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38r 

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475 

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485 

ibid. 

ibid. 

^      371 

4'5>  JiJ 

4*^5 

4*7 

87 

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527,  5*« 
Zant  Inf.   147.      J?p/c.  291 


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ZAaradefc.  ^03, to  foS 
Zabache  Mer.         90 

ZahxcKs 482 

Zabarels  Birth  place      247 
Zabern  131 

Zabolcenfis  de  Chege         1 0 1 
Znbolcb  J        ,  joj 

ZacJiecat  -.  -1  -  ■  ^g^ 

24fc^<i  Temple  445  I 

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Zapotecof 

Zaara  its    Scituation 

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Zarmifogetbufa 
Zarnata 
Zarncrvia 
Zarnouniyl 

Zatmar  toy, 

ZamarienJJs  de  Zatmar 
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Za^andib 

Za\ssbes 

Zej.  Jnj. 

Zeb 

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Z<^h}un  Tribe 

Zebchui 

Zecora 

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21    ZN    ZQ 


166' 
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487 

194,  aj?<T,  jx8 

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1^7 

117,131 

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Zuueybriuken  1^6 

Zuyder-i^ee  Fl.  i66t  170,171 
Ireickfivf  ■  f,^      148 

Ztvitta  Fl,    .  ij6 

Zjfieth  '2,  H3 

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Advertifement  to  the  Reader. 


....V,'\i.V 


S  for  an  Indies  of-  the  Coins ,  Weights  and  Meafures^ 
treated  of  in  this  Book^  J  thought  it  not  necejfary  to  infert 
for  they  heing  altogether  Alphaheticaty placed  under  their  xe* 
ffeilive  Cities  and  Towns  from  Page  297,^0  Page  340.  the 
keader  may  fooner  find  them  out  there ,  theri  hy  looking  over  a 


-  *  ■■  *iS£*  ■  -       ■        i''.  *>■      . 


•**;«%  c^; 


"^2S6^ir."*' 


r^Jii 


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IV 


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96 

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-      283 
'*3i) 131 

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1^6 

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»'Vi.  >^nj^ 
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